LIBRARY 

UNIVERSITY  OF  CALIFORNIA 
DAVIS 


61sT  CONGRESS  "I 
Sd  Session      / 


DOCUMENT 
No.  654 


A  BIOGRAPHICAL 
CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY 

WITH  AN  OUTLINE  HISTORY  OF  THE  NATIONAL  CONGRESS 


1774-1911 


THE  CONTINENTAL  CONGRESS 

SEPTEMBER  5,  1774-OCTOBER  21,  1788 

THE  UNITED  STATES  CONGRESS 

FROM  THE  FIRST  TO  THE  SIXTY- SECOND 
CONGRESS,  MARCH  4,  1789-MARCH  3,  1911 


UNIVERSITY    OF    CALIFORNIA 
DAVIS 

JAN  1  4  19S5 

LIBRARY 


WASHINGTON 

GOVERNMENT  PRINTING  OFFICE 
1913 


OF   PAT 


IN  THE  SENATE  OF  THE  UNITED  STATES, 

March  3,  1911. 

Resolved,  That  the  resolution  of  the  Senate  adopted  on  June  twenty-fifth, 
nineteen  hundred  and  ten,  authorizing  the  printing  of  the  Biographical  Congres- 
sional Directory,  is  hereby  rescinded  and  that  the  Biographical  Congressional 
Directory,  revised  and  corrected  to  the  Sixty-second  Congress,  be  printed  as  a 
public  document. 

Attest:  CHARLES  G.  BENNETT, 

Secretary. 
2 


TABLE  OF  CONTENTS. 


Page. 

INTRODUCTION 5 

EXECUTIVE  OFFICERS,  1789-1911 9 

THE  CONTINENTAL  CONGRESS 25 

APPORTIONMENT  OF  REPRESENTATIVES 29 

THE  CONGRESS  OF  THE  UNITED  STATES: 

First  Congress 30 

Second  Congress 33 

Third  Congress 36 

Fourth  Congress 39 

Fifth  Congress 43 

Sixth  Congress 47 

Seventh  Congress 51 

Eighth  Congress 55 

Ninth  Congress 60 

Tenth  Congress 64 

Eleventh  Congress 68 

Twelfth  Congress 72 

Thirteenth  Congress 76 

Fourteenth  Congress 81 

Fifteenth  Congress 86 

Sixteenth  Congress 91 

Seventeenth  Congress 97 

Eighteenth  Congress 103 

Nineteenth  Congress 108 

Twentieth  Congress 114 

Twenty-first  Congress 120 

Twenty-second  Congress 126 

Twenty-third  Congress 132 

Twenty-fourth  Congress 138 

Twenty-fifth  Congress 144 

Twenty-sixth  Congress 150 

Twenty-seventh  Congress • 156 

Twenty-eighth  Congress 162 

Twenty-ninth  Congress 168 

Thirtieth  Congress 174 

Thirty-first  Congress 180 

Thirty-second  Congress 186 

Thirty-third  Congress 192 

Thirty-fourth  Congress 198 

Thirty-fifth  Congress .' 204 

Thirty-sixth  Congress 211 

Thirty-seventh  Congress 218 

Thirty-eighth  Congress 226 

Thirty-ninth  Congress 233 

Fortieth  Congress 240 

Forty-first  Congress 248 

Forty-second  Congress 257 

Forty-third  Congress 265 

Forty-fourth  Congress 273 

Forty-fifth  Congress 281 

3 


4  TABLE   OF   CONTENTS. 

THE  CONGRESS  OP  THE  UNITED  STATES — Continued.  Page. 

Forty-sixth  Congress 289 

Forty-seventh  Congress 296 

Forty-eighth  Congress 304 

Forty-ninth  Congress 312 

Fiftieth  Congress 320 

Fifty-first  Congress 327 

Fifty-second  Congress 335 

Fifty-third  Congress 344 

Fifty-fourth  Congress 353 

Fifty-fifth  Congress 362 

Fifty-sixth  Congress 371 

Fifty-seventh  Congress 380 

Fifty-eighth  Congress 389 

Fifty-ninth  Congress ' 398 

Sixtieth  Congress 407 

Sixty-first  Congress 416 

BIOGRAPHIES '. 427 


ISTTKODUCTIOK 

No  effort  seems  to  have  been  made  to  keep  a  history  of  Congress,  or  a  directory 
of  its  Members,  prior  to  1820.  In  that  year  the  first  publication  approaching  the 
dignity  of  a  congressional  directory  appeared,  compiled  and  printed  by  " Daniel 
Rapine,  Agent."  It  is  a  small  volume  of  some  forty  pages  and  contains  the  names 
of  the  Members  of  Congress,  with  home  and  Washington  addresses;  the  assignments 
of  Members  to  committees;  the  names  and  local  addresses  of  the  heads  of  the 
executive  departments;  an  imperfect  list  of  American  ministers  in  foreign  countries, 
and  an  alphabetical  list  of  Washington  boarding  houses.  This  publication  with 
others  similar  appeared  from  time  to  time,  as  the  succeeding  sessions  of  Congress 
were  held.  They  were  purely  private  enterprises  and  depended  upon  sales  and 
advertisements  for  their  existence. 

In  1865  Congress  undertook  the  work  of  publishing  a  Congressional  Directory. 
At  the  beginning  of  the  second  session  of  the  Thirty-eighth  Congress  a  joint  resolution 
was  unanimously  agreed  to  ordering  the  compilation  and  publication  of  such  direc- 
tory, under  the  supervision  of  the  Joint  Committee  on  Public  Printing.  The 
committee  held  numerous  sessions,  obtained  and  examined  like  publications  issued 
in  foreign  countries,  and  decided  upon  a  work  similar  in  all  essentials  to  "The  House 
of  Commons,"  published  in  London  since  1852. 

Biographical  sketches  first  appeared  in  the  Directory  of  the  third  session  of  the 
Fortieth  Congress,  in  1869.  Their  scope  and  purpose  are  outlined  in  a  prefatory 
note  that  reads  in  part:  "The  Joint  Committee  on  Printing  suggests  that  in  the 
biographies  published  no  other  information  shall  be  given  than  the  full  name,  the 
time  and  place  of  birth  of  the  Member;  his  early  education;  collegiate  education, 
if  any,  with  date  of  graduation;  professional  studies;  profession  or  business;  all 
public  offices  held,  with  dates,  and  the  record  of  his  congressional  service,"  and  then 
adds:  "It  is  desirable  that  no  gentleman  shall  occupy  over  ten  lines  in  print." 

The  work  of  preparing  and  publishing  a  permanent  congressional  directory,  to 
comprehend  all  the  Congresses  preceding,  was  first  undertaken  by  Charles  Lanman 
in  1859,  and  it  bears  the  imposing  title  "  Dictionary  of  the  United  States  Congress." 
Too  great  credit  can  not  be  given  Mr.  Lanman  for  his  work,  considering  the  time 
and  the  small  amount  of  material  obtainable  from  official  records  and  published 
proceedings.  There  have  been  at  least  six  subsequent  editions  of  this  work,  all 
calculated  to  bring  it  down  to  date.  Since  Mr.  Lanman's  last  volume  the  succeed- 
ing compilers  appear  to  have  done  little  more  than  to  add  to  the  permanent  volume 
such  information  as  could  be  obtained  from  the  periodical  Congressional  Directories. 
There  seems  to  have  been  little  effort  to  correct,  revise,  or  perfect  the  work  of  the 
earlier  compilers,  and  thus  endless  errors  crept  in. 

The  present  committee  has  undertaken  the  work  of  general  revision  and 
verification.  It  has  not  only  carefully  scanned  the  journals  and  records  of  debates 
but  it  has  also  consulted  all  available  biographical  works ;  has  made  special  appeals 
to  Government  depositories ;  public  libraries ;  historical  associations ;  State,  county, 
and  municipal  officers,  as  well  as  to  individuals,  for  specific  and  general  information. 


6  INTRODUCTION. 

Acknowledgments  are  here  made  to  all  those  who  have  assisted  the  committee 
in  its  work,  and  too' great  recognition  can  not  be  given  the  postmasters  throughout 
the  country,  who,  when  appealed  to  for  information,  have  invariably  responded  by 
furnishing  the  desired  data,  or  by  placing  the  committee  in  communication  with 
some  one  most  likely  to  possess  it.  There  are  instances  in  which  librarians, 
historians,  and  biographers  have  spent  many  days  in  research  and  in  preparation 
of  facts  desired,  but  to  mention  names  would  be  invidious.  The  cooperation  of  all 
readers  is  further  solicited  to  the  end  that  the  publication  may  eventually  be  a  full 
and  accurate  record — a  book  of  absolute  and  permanent  value. 

The  history  of  the  executive  administrations  has  been  examined,  and  verified 
from  the  official  documents  on  file  in  the  State  Department,  and  special  acknowl- 
edgments are  made  to  Philander  C.  Knox,  the  Secretary  of  State,  for  his  courteous 
cooperation  in  this  work. 

It  has  been  the  aim  of  the  committee  to  be  absolutely  impartial  in  its  presenta- 
tions and  to  keep  well  within  the  bounds  prescribed  by  the  Joint  Committee  on 
Printing  that  first  undertook  the  task.  It  is  unfortunate  that  some  records  that 
might  be  of  great  value,  especially  as  bearing  upon  earlier  contested  election  cases 
and  their  determination,  were  burned  by  the  British  in  1814,  and  that  the  journals 
of  the  two  Houses,  and  the  certificates  of  election  as  well,  are  not  reliable  authority 
as  to  the  spelling  of  names.  They  afford  little  accurate  history  as  to  resignations 
and  deaths  of  Members,  and  none  whatever  as  to  their  home  addresses. 

So  far  as  it  has  been  obtainable  the  post-office  address  of  the  Member  during 
the  period  of  his  service  is  placed  opposite  his  name  in  the  Congress  or  Congresses 
in  which  he  served. 

Beginning  with  the  Fortieth  Congress,  the  names  of  Representatives  from  the 
various  States  are  placed  in  the  numerical  order  of  the  congressional  districts  they 
represented,  and  the  names  of  any  Representatives  at  large  appear  at  the  end  of 
the  list,  in  the  order  of  their  seniority.  It  will  thus  be  easy,  taking  into  account 
any  footnote  references  of  deaths,  resignations,  etc.,  to  ascertain  the  particular 
congressional  district  a  Member  represented.  The  names  of  all  Senators  are  given 
in  the  order  of  seniority,  the  name  of  the  Senator  of  the  longer  service  in  the  left- 
hand  column  and  of  the  junior  Senator  in  the  right-hand  column. 

WASHINGTON,  D.  C.,  December,  1912. 


EXECUTIVE  OFFICERS. 


EXECUTIVE  OFFICERS,  1789-1911. 

A  Cabinet  officer  is  not  appointed  for  a  fixed  term  and  does  not  necessarily  go  out  of  office  with  the  President  who  appointed 
him,  and,  while  it  is  customary  to  tender  his  resignation  at  the  time  a  change  of  administration  takes  place,  he  remains 
formally  at  the  head  of  his  department  until  his  successor  qualifies  or  he  is  himself  reappointed.  Subordinates  acting  tem- 
porarily as  heads  of  departments  are  not  considered  Cabinet  officers,  and  in  the  earlier  period  of  the  Nation's  history  not 
all  Cabinet  officers  were  heads  of  executive  departments.  The  order  of  departmental  precedence  now  observed  was  not 
followed  prior  to  the  passage  of  the  act  of  January  19,  1886,  establishing  the  line  of  presidential  succession.  The  names  of 
all  those  exercising  the  duties  and  bearing  the  responsibilities  of  the  executive  departments,  together  with  the  period  of 
service,  are  incorporated  in  the  data  that  follows.  The  Department  of  State,  through  the  courtesy  of  Mr.  Philander  C.  Knox, 
Secretary  of  State,  has  verified  and  corrected  the  data  from  official  records  and  documents  on  file  in  the  department. 

The  dates  immediately  following  the  names  of  executive  officers  are  those  upon  which  commissions  issued,  unless  otherwise 
specifically  noted.  Where  periods  of  time  are  indicated  by  dates  as,  for  instance,  March  4, 1793-March  3, 1797,  both  such  dates 
are  included  as  portions  of  the  time  period. 


First  Administration  of  GEORGE  WASHINGTON. 

APEIL  30,  1789,  TO  MABCH  3,  1793. 


President — GEORGE  WASHINGTON,  of  Virginia. 

Vice  President — JOHN  ADAMS,  of  Massachusetts. 

Secretary  of  State — John  Jay,  of  New  York,  was 
Secretary  for  Foreign  Affairs  under  the  Confedera- 
tion, and  continued  to  act,  at  the  request  of  Wash- 
ington, until  Jefferson's  arrival,  March  21,  1790; 
Thomas  Jefferson,  of  Virginia,  September  26,  1789. 

Secretary  of  the  Treasury — Alexander  Hamilton,  of 
New  York,  September  11,  1789. 


Secretary  of  War — Henry  Knox,  of  Massachusetts, 
September  12,  1789. 

Attorney  General— Edmund  Randolph,  of  Vir- 
ginia, September  26,  1789;  entered  upon  duties 
February  2,  1790. 

Postmaster  General — Samuel  Osgood,  of  Massa- 
chusetts, September  26,  1789;  Timothy  Pickering, 
of  Pennsylvania,  August  12,  1791;  entered  upon 
duties  August  19,  1791. 


Second  Administration  of  GEORGE  WASHINGTON. 


MARCH  4,  1793,  TO  MABCH  3,  1797. 


-^  WASHINGTON,  of  Virginia. 

Vice  President — JOHN  ADAMS,  of  Massachusetts. 

Secretary  of  State. — Thomas  Jefferson,  of  Virginia, 
continued  from  last  administration;  Edmund 
Randolph,  of  Virginia,  January  2,  1794;  Timothy 
Pickering,  of  Pennsylvania  (Secretary  of  War), 
ad  interim,  August  20,  1795;  Timothy  Pickering, 
of  Pennsylvania,  December  10,  1795. 

Secretary  of  the  Treasury — Alexander  Hamilton, 
of  New  York,  continued  from  last  administration; 
Oliver  Wolcott,  jr.,  of  Connecticut,  February  2, 
1795. 

Secretary^  of  War — Henry  Knox,  of  Massachu- 
setts, continued  from  last  administration;  Timothy 
Pickering,  of  Pennsylvania,  January  2,  1795;  Tim- 


othy Pickering,  of  Pennsylvania  (Secretary  of 
State),  ad  interim,  December  10,  1795,  to  Febru- 
ary 5, 1796;  James McHenry,  of  Maryland,  January 
27,  1796;  entered  upon  duties  February  6,  1796. 

Attorney  General — Edmund  Randolph,  of  Vir- 
ginia, continued  from  last  administration;  William 
Bradford,  of  Pennsylvania,  January  27,  1794; 
entered  upon  duties  January  29,  1794;  Charles 
Lee,  of  Virginia,  December  10,  1795. 

Postmaster  General — Timothy  Pickering,  of 
Pennsylvania,  continued  from  last  administration; 
Timothy  Pickering,  of  Pennsylvania,  recommis- 
sioned  June  1, 1794;  Joseph  Habersham,  of  Georgia, 
February  25,  1795. 


Administration  of  JOHN  ADAMS. 

MABCH  4,  1797,  TO  MABCH  3,  1801. 


President — JOHN  ADAMS,  of  Massachusetts. 

Vice  President — THOMAS  JEFFERSON,  of  Virginia. 

Secretary  of  State — Timothy  Pickering,  of  Penn- 
sylvania, continued  from  last  administration; 
resignation  requested  May  10,  1800,  but  declining 
to  resign,  he  was  dismissed  May  12,  1800;  Charles 
Lee,  of  Virginia  (Attorney  General),  ad  interim, 
May  13,  1800;  John  Marshall,  of  Virginia,  May  13, 
1800;  entered  upon  duties  June  6,  1800. 

Secretary  of  the  Treasury — Oliver  Wolcott,  jr.,  of 
Connecticut,  continued  from  last  administration; 
Samuel  Dexter,,  of  Massachusetts,  January  1,  1801. 

Secretary  of  War — James  McHenry,  of  Maryland, 


continued  from  last  administration;  Benjamin 
Stoddert,  of  Maryland  (Secretary  of  the  Navy),  ad 
interim,  June  1, 1800;  Samuel  Dexter,  of  Massachu- 
setts, May  13,  1800;  Samuel  Dexter,  of  Massachu- 
setts (Secretary  of  the  Treasury),  ad  interim,  Jan- 
uary 1,  1801. 

Attorney  General — Charles  Lee,  of  Virginia,  con- 
tinued from  last  administration. 

Postmaster  General — Joseph  Habersham,  of 
Georgia,  continued  from  last  administration. 

Secretary  of  the  Navy — Benjamin  Stoddert,  of 
Maryland,  May  21,  1798;  entered  upon  duties 
June  18,  1798. 

9 


10 


CONGRESSIONAL,  DIRECTORY. 


First  Administration  of  THOMAS  JEFFERSON. 

MARCH  4,  1801,  TO  MARCH  3,  1805. 


President — THOMAS  JEFFERSON,  of  Virginia. 

Vice  President — AARON  BURR,  of  New  York. 

Secretary  of  State — John  Marshall,  of  Virginia, 
for  one  day  (March  4,  1801),  and  for  a  special  pur- 
pose; Levi  Lincoln,  of  Massachusetts  (Attorney 
General),  ad  interim,  March  5,  1801;  James  Madi- 
son, of  Virginia,  March  5, 1801;  entered  upon  duties 
May  2,  1801. 

Secretary  of  the  Treasury — Samuel  Dexter,  of 
Massachusetts,  continued  from  last  administra- 
tion to  May  6,  1801;  Albert  Gallatin,  of  Pennsyl- 
vania, May  14,  1801. 


Secretary  of  War — Henry  Dearborn,  of  Massa- 
chusetts, March  5,  1801. 

Attorney  General — Levi  Lincoln,  of  Massachu- 
setts, March  5,  1801,  to  December  31,  1804. 

Postmaster  General — Joseph  Habersham,  of 
Georgia,  continued  from  last  administration;  Gid- 
eon Granger,  of  Connecticut,  November  28,  1801. 

Secretary  of  the  Navy — Benjamin  Stoddert,  of 
Maryland,  continued  from  last  administration: 
Henry  Dearborn,  of  Massachusetts  (Secretary  of 
War),  ad  interim,  April  1,  1801;  Robert  Smith,  of 
Maryland,  July  15,  1801;  entered  upon  duties 
July  27,  1801. 


Second  Administration  of  THOMAS  JEFFERSON. 

MARCH  4,  1805,  TO  MARCH  3,  1809. 


President — THOMAS  JEFFERSON,  of  Virginia. 

Vice  President — GEORGE  CLINTON,  of  New  York. 

Secretary  of  State — James  Madison,  of  Virginia, 
continued  from  last  administration. 

Secretary  of  the  Treasury — Albert  Gallatin,  of 
Pennsylvania,  continued  from  last  administration. 

Secretary  of  War — Henry  Dearborn,  of  Massa- 
chusetts, continued  from  last  administration ;  John 
Smith  (chief  clerk),  ad  interim,  February  17,  1809. 


Attorney  General — John  Breckenridge,  of  Ken- 
tucky, August  7,  1805  (died  December  14,  1806); 
Caesar  A.  Rodney,  of  Pennsylvania,  January  20, 
1807. 

Postmaster  General — Gideon  Granger,  of  Con- 
necticut, continued  from  last  administration.' 

Secretary  of  the  Navy — Robert  Smith,  of  Mary- 
land, continued  from  last  administration. 


First  Administration  of  JAMES  MADISON. 

MARCH  4,  1809,  TO  MARCH  3,  1813. 


President — JAMES  MADISON,  of  Virginia. 

Vice  President — GEORGE  CLINTON,  of  New  York. 
(Died  April  20,  1812.) 

President  of  the  Senate  pro  tempore — WILLIAM  H. 
CRAWFORD,  of  Georgia. 

Secretary  of  State — Robert  Smith,  of  Maryland, 
March  6,  1809;  James  Monroe,  of  Virginia,  April 
2,  1811;  entered  upon  duties  April  6,  1811. 

Secretary  of  the  Treasury — Albert  Gallatin,  of 
Pennsylvania,  continued  from  last  administration. 

Secretary  of  War — John  Smith  (chief  clerk),  ad 
interim,  continued  from  last  administration;  Wil- 
liam Eustis,  of  Massachusetts,  March  7,  1809; 
entered  upon  duties  April  8,  1809,  and  served  to 
December  31,  1812;  James  Monroe,  of  Virginia 
(Secretary  of  State),  ad  interim,  January  1,  1813; 
John  Armstrong,  of  New  York,  January  13,  1813; 
entered  upon  duties  February  5,  1813. 


Attorney  General — Caesar  A.  Rodney,  of  Penn- 
sylvania, continued  from  last  administration; 
resigned  December  5,  1811.  William  Pinkney,  of 
Maryland,  December  11, 1811;  entered  upon  duties 
January  6,  1812. 

Postmaster  General — Gideon  Granger,  of  Con- 
necticut, continued  from  last  administration. 

Secretary  of  the  Navy — Robert  Smith,  of  Mary- 
land, continued  from  last  administration;  Charles 
W.  Goldsborough  (chief  clerk),  ad  interim,  March 8, 
1809;  Paul  Hamilton,  of  South  Carolina,  March  7, 
1809;  entered  upon  duties  May  15,  1809;  served  to 
December  31, 1812;  Charles  W.  Goldsborough  (chief 
clerk),  ad  interim,  January  7,  1813,  to  January  18, 
1813;  William  Jones,  of  Pennsylvania,  January  12, 
1813;  entered  upon  duties  January  19,  1813. 


Second  Administration  of  JAMES  MADISON. 

MARCH  4,  1813,  TO  MARCH  3,  1817. 


President — JAMES  MADISON,  of  Virginia. 

Vice  President — ELBRIDGE  GERRY,  of  Massachu- 
setts. (Died  November  23,  1814.) 

President  of  the  Senate  pro  tempore — JOHN  GAIL- 
LARD,  of  South  Carolina. 

Secretary  of  State — James  Monroe,  of  Virginia, 
continued  from  last  administration;  James  Mon- 
roe, of  Virginia  (Secretary  of  War),  ad  interim, 
September  30,  1814;  James  Monroe,  of  Virginia, 
February  28,  1815. 

Secretary  of  the  Treasury — Albert  Gallatin,  of 
Pennsylvania,  continued  from  last  administration; 


William  Jones,  of  Pennsylvania  (Secretary  of  the 
Navy),  performed  the  duties  of  the  Secretary  of 
the  Treasury  during  the  absence  of  Mr.  Gallatin 
in  Europe  in  1813;  George  W.  Campbell,  of  Ten- 
nessee, February  9,  1814;  Alexander  J.  Dallas,  of 
Pennsylvania,  October  6,  1814;  entered  upon  du- 
ties October  14,  1814;  William  H.  Crawford,  of 
Georgia,  October  22,  1816. 

Secretary  of  War — John  Armstrong,  of  New 
York,  continued  from  last  administration;  James 
Monroe,  of  Virginia  (Secretary  of  State),  ad  in- 
terim, August  30,  1814;  James  Monroe,  of  Virginia, 


EXECUTIVE    OFFICERS,   1789-1911. 


September  27, 1814 ;  entered  upon  duties  October  I, 
1814;  James  Monroe,  of  Virginia  (Secretary  of 
State),  ad  interim,  March  1,  1815;  Alexander  J. 
Dallas,  of  Pennsylvania  (Secretary  of  the  Treas- 
ury), ad  interim,  March  14,  1815,  to  August,  8, 
1815;  William  H.  Crawford,  of  Georgia,  August  1, 
1815;  entered  upon  duties  August  8, 1815;  George 
Graham  (chief  clerk),  ad  interim,  October  22, 1816. 
Attorney  General — William  Pinkney,  of  Mary- 
land, continued  from  last  administration;  Richard 
Rush,  of  Pennsylvania,  February  10, 1814;  entered 
upon  duties  the  day  following. 


Postmaster  General — Gideon  Granger,  of  Con- 
necticut, continued  from  last  administration; 
Return  J.  Meigs,  jr.,  or  Ohio,  March  17,  1814;  en- 
tered upon  duties  April  11,  1814. 

Secretary  of  the  Navy — William  Jones,  of  Penn- 
sylvania, continued  from  last  administration; 
Benjamin  Homans  (chief  clerk),  ad  interim,  De- 
cember 2,  1814;  Benjamin  W.  Crowninshield,  of 
Massachusetts,  December  19,  1814;  entered  upon 
duties  January  16,  1815. 


First  Administration  of  JAMES  MONROE. 

MARCH  4,  1817,  TO  MARCH  3,  1821. 


President — JAMES  MONROE,  of  Virginia. 

Vice  President — DANIEL  D.  TOMPKINS,  of  New 
York. 

Secretary  of  State — John  Graham  (chief  clerk), 
ad  interim,  March  4,  1817;  Richard  Rush,  of 
Pennsylvania  (Attorney  General),  ad  interim, 
March  10, 1817;  John  Quincy  Adams,  of  Massachu- 
setts, March  5, 1817;  entered  upon  duties  Septem- 
ber 22, 1817. 

Secretary  of  the  Treasury — William  H.  Crawford, 
of  Georgia,  continued  from  last  administration; 
William  H.  Crawford,  of  Georgia,  recommissioned 
March  5,  1817. 

Secretary  of  War — George  Graham  (chief  clerk), 
ad  interim,  March  4,  1817;  John  C.  Calhoun,  of 


South  Carolina,  October  8,  1817;  entered  upon 
duties  December  10,  1817. 

Attorney  General — Richard  Rush,  of  Pennsylva- 
nia, continued  from  last  administration  to  Octo- 
ber 30,  1817;  William  Wirt,  of  Virginia,  November 
13,  1817;  entered  upon  duties  November  15,  1817. 

Postmaster  General — Return  J.  Meigs,  jr.,  of 
Ohio,  continued  from  last  administration. 

Secretary  of  the  Navy — Benjamin  W.  Crownin- 
shield, of  Massachusetts,  continued  from  last  ad- 
ministration; John  C.  Calhoun,  of  South  Carolina 
(Secretary  of  War),  ad  interim,  October  1,  1818; 
Smith  Thompson,  of  New  York,  November  9, 1818; 
entered  upon  duties  January  1,  1819. 


Second  Administration  of  JAMES  MONROE. 

MARCH  4,  1821,  TO  MARCH  3,  1825. 


President — JAMES  MONROE,  of  Virginia. 

Vice  President — DANIEL  D.  TOMPKINS,  of  New 
York. 

Secretary  of  State — John  Q.  Adams,  of  Massa- 
chusetts, continued  from  last  administration. 

Secretary  of  the  Treasury — William  H.  Crawford, 
of  Georgia,  continued  from  last  administration. 

Secretary  of  War — John  C.  Calhoun,  of  South 
Carolina,  continued  from  last  administration. 

Attorney  General — William  Wirt,  of  Virginia, 
continued  from  last  administration. 


Postmaster  General — Return  J.  Meigs,  jr.,  of 
Ohio,  continued  from  last  administration;  John 
McLean,  of  Ohio,  commissioned  June  26,  1823,  to 
take  effect  July  1,  1823. 

Secretary  of  the  Navy — Smith  Thompson,  of  New 
York,  continued  from  last  administration;  John 
Rodgers  (commodore,  United  States  Navy,  and 
president  of  the  Board  of  Navy  Commissioners), 
ad  interim,  September  1,  1823;  Samuel  L.  South- 
ard, of  New  Jersey,  September  16,  1823. 


Administration  of  JOHN  QUINCY  ADAMS. 

MARCH  4,  1825,  TO  MARCH  3,  1829. 


President — JOHN  QUINCY  ADAMS,  of  Massachu- 
setts. 

Vice  President — JOHN  C.  CALHOUN,  of  South 
Carolina. 

Secretary  of  State — Daniel  Brent  (chief  clerk), 
ad  interim,  March  4,  1825;  Henry  Clay,  of  Ken- 
tucky, March  7,  1825. 

Secretary  of  the  Treasury — Samuel  L.  Southard, 
of  New  Jersey  (Secretary  of  the  Navy),  ad  interim, 
March  7,  1825;  Richard  Rush,  of  Pennsylvania, 
March  7, 1825;  entered  upon  duties  August  1, 1825. 


Secretary  of  War — James  Barbour,  of  Virginia, 
March  7,  1825;  Samuel  L.  Southard,  of  New  Jer- 
sey (Secretary  of  the  Navy),  ad  interim,  May  26, 
1828;  Peter  B.  Porter,  of  New  York,  May  26,  1828; 
entered  upon  duties  June  21,  1828. 

Attorney  General — William  Wirt,  of  Virginia, 
continued  from  last  administration. 

Postmaster  General — John  McLean,  of  Ohio, 
continued  from  last  administration. 

Secretary  of  the  Nary — Samuel  TV.  Southard,  of 
New  Jersey,  continued  from  last  administration. 


12 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 

First  Administration  of  ANDREW  JACKSON. 

MARCH  4,  1829,  TO  MARCH  3,  1833. 


President — ANDREW  JACKSON,  of  Tennessee. 

Vice  President — JOHN  C.  CALHOUN,  of  South 
Carolina.  (Resigned  December  28,  1832.) 

President  of  the  Senate  pro  tempore — HUGH  LAW- 
SON  WHITE,  of  Tennessee. 

Secretary  of  State — James  A.  Hamilton,  of  New 
York,  ad  interim,  March  4,  1829;  Martin  Van 
Buren,  of  New  York,  March  6, 1829;  entered  upon 
duties  March  28,  1829;  Edward  Livingston,  of 
Louisiana,  May  24,  1831. 

Secretary  of  the  Treasury — Samuel  D.  Ingham,  of 
Pennsylvania,  March  6,  1829;  Asbury  Dickins 
(chief  clerk),  ad  interim,  June  21,  1831;  Louis 
McLane,  of  Delaware,  August  8,  1831. 

Secretary  of  War — John  H.  Eaton,  of  Tennessee, 
March  9,  1829;  Philip  G.  Randolph  (chief  clerk), 


ad  interim,  June  20,  1831;  Roger  B.  Taney,  of 
Maryland  (Attorney  General),  ad  interim,  July 
21,  1831;  Lewis  Cass,  of  Ohio,  August  1,  1831. 

Attorney  General — John  M.  Berrien,  of  Georgia, 
March  9,  1829,  to  June  22,  1831;  Roger  B.  Taney, 
of  Maryland,  July  20,  1831. 

Postmaster  General — John  McLean,  of  Ohio, 
continued  from  last  Administration;  William  T. 
Barry,  of  Kentucky,  March  9,  1829;  entered  upon 
duties  April  6, 1829. 

Secretary  of  the  Navy — Charles  Hay  (chief  clerk), 
ad  interim,  March  4,  1829;  John  Branch,  of  North 
Carolina,  March  9,  1829;  John  Boyle  (chief  clerk), 
ad  interim,  May  12,  1831;  Levi  Woodbury,  of  New 
Hampshire,  May  23,  1831. 


Second  Administration  of  ANDREW  JACKSON. 


MARCH  4,  1833,  TO  MARCH  3,  1837. 


President — ANDREW  JACKSON,  of  Tennessee. 

Vice  President — MARTIN  VAN  BUREN,  of  New 
York. 

Secretary  of  State — Edward  Livingston,  of  Louisi- 
ana, continued  from  last  administration;  Louis 
McLane,  of  Delaware,  May  29,  1833;  John  Forsyth, 
of  Georgia,  June  27,  1834;  entered  upon  duties 
July  1,  1834. 

Secretary  of  the  Treasury — Louis  McLane,  of 
Delaware,  continued  from  last  Administration; 
William  J.  Duane,  of  Pennsylvania,  May  29,  1833; 
entered  upon  duties  June  1,  1833;  Roger  B. 
Taney,  of  Maryland,  September  23,  1833;  McClin- 
tock  Young  (chief  clerk),  ad  interim,  June  25,  1834; 
Levi  Woodbury,  of  New  Hampshire,  June  27, 1834, 
entered  upon  duties  July  1,  1834. 

Secretary  of  War — Lewis  Cass,  of  Ohio,  continued 
from  last  Administration;  Carey  A.  Harris,  of 
Tennessee  (Commissioner  of  Indian  Affairs),  ad 


interim,  October  5,  1836;  Benjamin  F.  Butler,  of 
New  York  (Attorney  General),  ad  interim,  Octo- 
ber 26,  1836;  Benjamin  F.  Butler,  of  New  York, 
commissioned  March  3,  1837,  ad  interim,  "during 
the  pleasure  of  the  President,  until  a  successor, 
duly  appointed,  shall  accept  such  office  and  enter 
upon  the  duties  thereof." 

Attorney  General — Roger  B.  Taney,  of  Maryland, 
continued  from  last  administration  to  September 
23,  1833;  Benjamin  F.  Butler,  of  New  York,  No- 
vember 15,  1833;  entered  upon  duties  November 
18,  1833. 

Postmaster  General — William  T.  Barry,  of  Ken- 
tucky, continued  from  last  administration;  Amos 
Kendall,  of  Kentucky,  May  1,  1835. 

Secretary  of  the  Navy — Levi  Woodbury,  of  New 
Hampshire,  continued  from  last  administration; 
Mahlon  Dickerson,  of  New  Jersey,  June  30,  1834. 


Administration  of  MARTIN  VAN  BTTREN. 


MARCH  4,  1837,  TO  MARCH  3,  1841. 


President — MARTIN  VAN  BUREN,  of  New  York. 

Vice  President. — RICHARD  M.  JOHNSON,  of  Ken- 
tucky. 

Secretary  of  State — John  Forsyth,  of  Georgia, 
continued  from  last  administration. 

Secretary  of  the  Treasury — Levi  Woodbury,  of  New 
Hampshire,  continued  from  last  administration. 

Secretary  of  War — Benjamin  F.  Butler,  of  New 
York,  ad  interim,  continued  from  last  administra- 
tion; Joel  R.  Poinsett,  of  South  Carolina,  March  7, 
1837;  entered  upon  duties  March  14,  1837. 

Attorney  General — Benjamin  F.  Butler,  of  New 
York,  continued  from  last  Administration;  Felix 


Grundy,  of  Tennessee,  July  5,  1838,  to  take  effect 
September  1,  1838;  Henry  D.  Gilpin,  of  Pennsyl- 
vania, January  11,  1840. 

Postmaster  General — Amos  Kendall,  of  Ken- 
tucky, continued  from  last  administration;  John 
M.  Niles,  of  Connecticut,  May  19,  1840;  entered 
upon  duties  May  26,  1840. 

Secretary  of  the  Navy — Mahlon  Dickerson.  of 
New  Jersey,  continued  from  last  administration; 
James  K.  Paulding,  of  New  York,  June  25,  1838; 
entered  upon  duties  July  1,  1838. 


EXECUTIVE    OFFICERS,  1789-1911. 


13 


Administration  of  WILLIAM  HENRY  HARRISON. 

MARCH  4,  1841,  TO  APRIL  3,  1841. 


President — WILLIAM  HENRY  HARRISON,  of  Ohio. 
(Died  April  4,  1841.) 

Vice  President — JOHN  TYLER,  of  Virginia. 

Secretary  of  State — J.  L.  Martin  (chief  clerk), 
ad  interim,  March  4,  1841;  Daniel  Webster,  of 
Massachusetts,  March  5,  1841. 

Secretary  of  the  Treasury — McClintock  Young 
(chief  clerk),  ad  interim,  March  4,  1841;  Thomas 
Ewing,  of  Ohio,  March  5,  1841. 

Secretary  of  War — John  Bell,  of  Tennessee, 
March  5, 1841. 


Attorney  General — John  J.  Crittenden,  of  Ken- 
tucky, March  5,  1841. 

Postmaster  General — Selah  R.  Hobbie,  of  New 
York  (First  Assistant  Postmaster  General),  ad 
interim,  March  4,  1841;  Francia  Granger,  of  New 
York,  March  6, 1841;  entered  upon  duties  March  8, 
1841. 

Secretary  of  the  Navy — John  D.  Simms  (chief 
clerk),  ad  interim,  March  4,  1841;  George  E. 
Badger,  of  North  Carolina,  March  5,  1841. 


Administration  of  JOHN  TYLER. 

APRIL  4,  1841,  TO  MARCH  3,  1845. 


President — JOHN  TYLER,  of  Virginia. 

President  of  the  Senate  pro  tempore — SAMUEL  L. 
SOUTHARD,  of  New  Jersey;  WILLIAM  P.  MANGUM, 
of  North  Carolina. 

Secretary  of  State — Daniel  Webster,  of  Massa- 
chusetts, continued  from  Harrison's  administra- 
tion; Hugh  S.  Legare",  of  South  Carolina  (Attorney 
General),  ad  interim,  May  9,  1843;  William  S. 
Derrick  (chief  clerk),  ad  interim,  June  20,  1843; 
Abel  P.  Upshur,  01  Virginia,  (Secretary  of  the 
Navy),  ad  interim,  June  24, 1843;  Abel  P.  Upshur, 
of  Virginia,  July  24,  1843;  killed  on  the  Princeton 
February  28, 1844;  John  Nelson,  of  Maryland  (At- 
torney General),  ad  interim,  February  29,  1844; 
John  C.  Calhoun,  of  South  Carolina,  March  6,  1844; 
entered  upon  duties  April  1,  1844. 

Secretary  of  the  Treasury — Thomas  Ewing,  of 
Ohio,  continued  from  Harrison's  administration; 
McClintock  Young  (chief  clerk),  ad  interim,  Sep- 
tember 13, 1841;  Walter  Forward,  of  Pennsylvania, 
September  13,  1841;  McClintock  Young  (chief 
clerk),  ad  interim,  March  1,  1843;  John  C.  Spen- 
cer, of  New  York,  March  3,  1843;  entered  upon 
duties  March  8,  1843;  McClintock  Young  (chief 
clerk),  ad  interim,  May  2,  1844;  George  M.  Bibb, 
of  Kentucky,  June  15,  1844;  entered  upon  duties 
July  4,  1844. 

Secretary  of  War — John  Bell,  of  Tennessee,  con- 
tinued from  Harrison's  administration;  Albert  M. 
Lea,  of  Maryland  (chief  clerk),  ad  interim,  Sep- 


tember 12,  1841;  John  C.  Spencer,  of  New  York, 
October  12,  1841;  James  M.  Porter,  of  Pennsyl- 
vania, March  8,  1843;  William  Wilkins,  of  Penn- 
sylvania, February  15,  1844;  entered  upon  duties 
February  20,  1844. 

Attorney  General — John  J.  Crittenden,  of  Ken- 
tucky, continued  from  Harrison's  administration; 
Hugh  S.  Legare,  of  South  Carolina,  September  13, 
1841;  entered  upon  duties  September  20,  1841 
(died  June  20,  1843);  John  Nelson,  of  Maryland, 
July  1,  1843. 

Postmaster  General — Francis  Granger,  of  New 
York,  continued  from  Harrison's  administration; 
Selah  R.  Hobbie,  of  New  York  (First  Assistant 
Postmaster  General),  ad  interim,  September  14, 
1841;  Charles  A.  Wickliffe,  of  Kentucky,  Septem- 
ber 13,1841;  entered  upon  duties  October  13, 1841. 

Secretary  of  the  Navy — George  E.  Badger,  of 
North  Carolina,  continued  from  Harrison's  admin- 
istration; John  D.  Simms  (chief  clerk),  ad  interim, 
September  12,  1841;  Abel  P.  Upshur,  of  Virginia, 
September  13,  1841;  entered  upon  duties  October 
11,  1841;  David  Henshaw,  of  Massachusetts,  July 
24, 1843;  Thomas  W.  Gilmer,  of  Virginia,  February 
15,  1844;  entered  upon  duties  February  19,  1844 
(killed  on  the  Princeton  February  28, 1844);  Lewis 
Warrington  (captain,  United  States  Navy),  ad  in- 
terim, February  29,  1844;  John  Y.  Mason,  of  Vir- 
ginia, March  14,  1844;  entered  upon  duties  March 
26,  1844. 


Administration  of  JAMES  E.  POLK. 

MARCH  4,  1845,  TO  MARCH  3,  1849. 


President — JAMES  K.  POLK,  of  Tennessee. 

Vice  President — GEORGE  M.  DALLAS,  of  Penn- 
sylvania. 

Secretary  of  State — John  C.  Calhoun,  of  South 
Carolina,  continued  from  last  administration; 
James  Buchanan,  of  Pennsylvania,  March  6,  1845; 
entered  upon  duties  March  10,  1845. 

Secretary  of  the  Treasury — George  M.  Bibb,  of 
Kentucky,  continued  from  last  administration; 
Robert  J.  Walker,  of  Mississippi,  March  6,  1845; 
entered  upon  duties  March  8,  1845. 

Secretary  of  War — William  Wilkins,  of  Penn- 
sylvania, continued  from  last  administration; 
William  L.  Marcy,  of  New  York,  March  6,  1845; 
entered  upon  duties  March  8,  1845. 


Attorney  General — John  Nelson,  of  Maryland 
continued  from  last  administration;  John  Y. 
Mason,  of  Virginia,  March  6,  1845;  entered  upon 
duties  March  11,  1845;  Nathan  Clifford,  of  Maine, 
October  17,  1846;  to  March  17,  1848,  when  here- 
signed;  Isaac  Toucey,  of  Connecticut,  June  21, 
1848;  entered  upon  duties  June  29,  1848. 

Postmaster  General — Charles  A.  Wickliffe,  of 
Kentucky,  continued  from  last  administration; 
Cave  Johnson,  of  Tennessee,  March  6,  1845. 

Secretary  of  the  Navy — John  Y.  Mason,  of  Vir- 
ginia, continued  from  last  administration ;  George 
Bancroft,  of  Massachusetts,  March  10,  1845;  John 
Y.  Mason,  of  Virginia,  September  9,  1846. 


14 


CONGRESSIONAL    DIRECTORY. 


Administration  of  ZACHARY  TAYLOR. 

MARCH  4,  1849,  TO  JULY  9,  1850. 


President  —  ZACHARY  TAYLOR,  of  Louisiana. 
(Died  July  9,  1850.) 

Vice  President — MILLARD  FILLMORE,  of  New 
York. 

Secretary  of  State — James  Buchanan,  of  Penn- 
sylvania, continued  from  last  administration;  John 
M.  Clayton,  of  Delaware,  March  7,  1849. 

Secretary  of  the  Treasury — Robert  J.  Walker,  of 
Mississippi,  continued  from  last  administration; 
McClintock  Young  (chief  clerk),  ad  interim, 
March  6,  1849;  William  M.  Meredith,  of  Pennsyl- 
vania, March  8,  1849. 

Secretary  of  War — William  L.  Marcy,  of  New 
York,  continued  from  last  administration;  Rev- 
erdy Johnson,  of  Maryland  (Attorney  General), 
ad  interim,  March  8,  1849;  George  W.  Crawford, 


of  Georgia,  March  8,  1849;  entered  upon  dutie 
March  14,  1849. 

Attorney  General — Isaac  Toucey,  of  Connecticut, 
continued  from  last  administration;  Reverdy 
Johnson,  of  Maryland,  March  8,  1849. 

Postmaster  General — Cave  Johnson,  of  Tennes- 
see, continued  from  last  administration;  Selah  R. 
Hobbie,  of  New  York  (First  Assistant  Postmaster 
General),  ad  interim,  March  5,  1849;  Jacob  Col- 
lamer,  of  Vermont,  March  8,  1849. 

Secretary  of  the  Navy — John  Y.  Mason,  of  Vir- 
ginia, continued  from  last  administration;  Wil- 
liam B.  Preston,  of  Virginia,  March  8,  1849. 

Secretary  of  the  Interior — Thomas  Ewing,  of  Ohio, 
March  8,  1849. 


Administration  of  MILLARD  FILLMORE. 

JULY  9,  1850,  TO  MARCH  3,  1853. 


President — MILLARD  FILLMORE,  of  New  York. 

President  of  the  Senate  pro  tempore — WILLIAM  R. 
KING,  of  Alabama. 

Secretary  of  State — John  M.  Clayton,  of  Dela- 
ware, continued  from  Taylor's  administration; 
Daniel  Webster,  of  Massachusetts,  July  22,  1850 
(died  October  24,  1852);  John  J.  Crittenden,  of 
Kentucky,  September-October,  1851;  Charles  M. 
Conrad,  of  Louisiana  (Secretary  of  War),  ad  interim, 
October  25,  1852;  Edward  Everett,  of  Massachu- 
setts, November  6,  1852. 

Secretary  of  the  Treasury — William  M.  Meredith, 
of  Pennsylvania,  continued  from  Taylor's  admin- 
istration; Thomas  Corwin,  of  Ohio,  July  23,  1850. 

Secretary  of  War — George  W.  Crawford,  of  Geor- 
gia, continued  from  Taylor's  administration;  Sam- 
uel J.  Anderson  (chief  clerk),  ad  interim,  July  23, 
1850;  Winfield  Scott  (major  general,  U.  S.  Army), 
ad  interim,  July  24,  1850;  Charles  M.  Conrad,  of 
Louisiana,  August  15,  1850. 

Attorney  General — Reverdy  Johnson,  of  Mary- 
land, continued  from  Taylor's  administration, 
served  to  July  22,  1850;  John  J.  Crittenden,  of 


Kentucky,  July  22,  1850;  entered  upon  duties 
August  14,  1850. 

Postmaster  General — Jacob  Collamer,  of  Ver- 
mont, continued  from  Taylor's  administration; 
Nathan  K.  Hall,  of  New  York,  July  23,  1850; 
Samuel  D.  Hubbard,  of  Connecticut,  August  31, 
1852;  entered  upon  duties  September  14,  1852. 

Secretary  of  the  Navy — William  B.  Preston?  of 
Virginia,  continued  from  Taylor's  administration; 
Lewis Warrington  (captain,  U.  S.  Navy),  ad  interim, 
July  23,  1850;  William  A.  Graham,  of  North  Caro- 
lina, July  22,  1850;  entered  upon  duties  August  2, 
1850;  John  P.  Kennedy,  of  Maryland,  July  22, 
1852;  entered  upon  duties  July  26,1852. 

Secretary  of  the  Interior — Thomas  Ewing,  of  Ohio, 
continued  from  Taylor's  administration;  Daniel  C. 
Goddard  (chief  clerk),  ad  interim,  July  23,  1850; 
Thomas  M.  T.  McKennan,  of  Pennsylvania,  Au- 
gust 15,  1850;  Daniel  C.  Goddard  (chief  clerk),  ad 
interim,  August  27,  1850;  Alexander  H.  H.  Stuart, 
of  Virginia,  September  12,  1850;  entered  upon 
duties  September  16, 1850. 


Administration  of  FRANKLIN  PIERCE. 

MARCH  4,  1853,  TO  MARCH  3,  1857. 


President — FRANKLIN  PIERCE,  of  New  Hamp- 
shire. 

Vice  President — WILLIAM  R.  KING,  of  Alabama. 
(Died  April  18,  1853.) 

Presidents  of  the  Senate  pro  tempore — DAVID  R. 
ATCHISON,  of  Missouri;  LEWIS  CASS,  of  Michigan; 
JESSE  D.  BRIGHT,  of  Indiana;  CHARLES  E.  STUART, 
of  Michigan;  JAMES  M.  MASON,  of  Virginia. 

Secretary  of  State — William  Hunter  (chief  clerk), 
ad  interim,  March  4,  1853;  William  L.  Marcy,  of 
New  York,  March  7,  1853. 

Secretary  of  the  Treasury — Thomas  Corwin,  of 
Ohio,  continued  from  last  administration;  James 
Guthrie,  of  Kentucky,  March  7,  1853. 

Secretary  of  War — Charles  M.  Conrad,  of  Louis- 
iana, continued  from  last  administration;  Jeffer- 


son Davis,  of  Mississippi,  March  7,  1853;  Samuel 
Cooper  (Adjutant  General,  U.  S.  Army),  ad  in- 
terim, March  3,  1857. 

Attorney  General — John  J.  Crittenden,  of  Ken- 
tucky, continued  from  last  administration;  Caleb 
Cushing,  of  Massachusetts,  March  7,  1853. 

Postmaster  General — Samuel  D.  Hubbard,  of 
Connecticut,  continued  from  last  administration; 
James  Campbell,  of  Pennsylvania,  March  7,  1853. 

Secretary  of  the  Navy — John  P.  Kennedy,  of 
Maryland,  continued  from  last  administration; 
James  C.  Dobbin,  of  North  Carolina,  March  7, 1853. 

Secretary  of  the  Interior — Alexander  H.  H.  Stuart, 
of  Virginia,  continued  from  last  administration; 
Robert  McClelland,  of  Michigan,  March  7,  1853. 


EXECUTIVE   OFFICERS,   1789-1911. 
Administration  of  JAMES  BUCHANAN. 


15 


MARCH  4,  1857,  TO  MARCH  3,  1861. 


President — JAMES  BUCHANAN,  of  Pennsylvania. 

Vice  President — JOHN  C.  BRECKINRIDGE,  of  Ken- 
tucky. 

Secretary  of  State — William  L.  Marcy,  of  New 
York,  continued  from  last  administration;  Lewis 
Cass,  of  Michigan,  March  6,  1857;  William  Hunter 
(chief  clerk),  ad  interim,  December  14,  1860; 
Jeremiah  S.  Black,  of  Pennsylvania,  December  17, 
1860. 

Secretary  of  the  Treasury — James  Guthrie,  of 
Kentucky,  continued  from  last  administration; 
Howell  Cobb,  of  Georgia,  March  6,  1857;  Isaac 
Toucey,  of  Connecticut  (Secretary  of  the  Navy), 
ad  interim,  December  10,  1860;  Philip  F.  Thomas, 
of  Maryland,  December  12,  1860;  John  A.  Dix,  of 
New  York,  Januarv  11,  1861;  entered  upon  duties 
January  15,  1861.  " 

Secretary  of  War — Samuel  Cooper  (Adjutant 
General,  U.  S.  Army),  ad  interim,  March  4,  1857; 
John  B.  Floyd,  of  Virginia,  March  6,  1857;  Joseph 
Holt,  of  Kentucky  (Postmaster  General),  ad  in- 
terim, January  1,  1861;  Joseph  Holt,  of  Kentucky, 
January  18, 1861. 


Attorney  General — Caleb  Gushing,  of  Massachu- 
setts, continued  from  last  administration;  Jere- 
miah S.  Black,  of  Pennsylvania,  March  6,  1857; 
entered  upon  duties  March  11,  1857;  Edwin  M. 
Stanton,  of  Pennsylvania,  December  20,  1860;  en- 
tered upon  duties  December  22,  1860. 

Postmaster  General — James  Campbell,  of  Penn- 
sylvania, continued  from  last  administration; 
Aaron  V.  Brown,  of  Tennessee,  March  6,  1857 
(died  March  8, 1859);  Horatio  King,  of  Maine  (First 
Assistant  Postmaster  General),  ad  interim,  March  9, 
1859;  Joseph  Holt,  of  Kentucky,  March  14,  1859; 
Horatio  King,  of  Maine  (First  Assistant  Postmaster 
General),  ad  interim,  January  1,  1861;  Horatio 
King,  of  Maine,  February  12,  1861. 

Secretary  of  the  Navy — James  C.  Dobbin,  of  North 
Carolina,  continued  from  last  administration; 
Isaac  Toucey,  of  Connecticut,  March  6,  1857. 

Secretary  of  the  Interior — Robert  McClelland?  of 
Michigan,  continued  from  last  administration; 
Jacob  Thompson,  of  Mississippi,  March  6,  1857; 
entered  upon  duties  March  10,  1857;  Moses  Kelly 
(chief  clerk),  ad  interim,  January  10, 1861. 


First  Administration  of  ABRAHAM  LINCOLN. 


MARCH  4,  1861,  TO  MARCH  3,  1865. 


President — ABRAHAM  LINCOLN,  of  Illinois. 

Vice  President — HANNIBAL  HAMLIN,  of  Maine. 

Secretary  of  State— Jeremiah  S.  Black,  of  Penn- 
sylvania, continued  from  last  administration; 
William  H.  Seward,  of  New  York,  March  5,  1861. 

Secretary  of  the  Treasury — John  A.  Dix,  of  New 
York,  continued  from  last  ad  ministration;  Salmon 
P.  Chase,  of  Ohio,  March  5,  1861;  entered  upon 
duties  March  7,  1861;  George  Harrington,  of  the 
District  of  Columbia  (Assistant  Secretary),  ad  in- 
terim, July  1, 1864;  William  P.  Fessenden,  of  Maine, 
July  1, 1864;  entered  upon  duties  July  5,  1864. 

Secretary  of  War — Joseph  Holt,  of  Kentucky, 
continued  from  last  administration;  Simon  Cam- 
eron, of  Pennsylvania,  March  5, 1861;  entered  upon 
duties  March  11, 1861;  Edwin  M.  Stanton,  of  Penn- 
sylvania, January  15,  1862;  entered  upon  duties 
January  20,  1862. 

Attorney  General — Edwin  M.  Stanton,  of  Penn- 
sylvania, continued  from  last  administration;  Ed- 


ward Bates,  of  Missouri,  March  5,  1861;  James 
Speed,  of  Kentucky,  December  2,  1864;  entered 
upon  duties  December  5,  1864. 

Postmaster  General  —  Horatio  King,  of  Maine, 
continued  from  last  administration;  Montgomery 
Blair,  of  the  District  of  Columbia,  March  5,  1861; 
entered  upon  duties  March  9,  1861;  William  Den- 
nison,  of  Ohio,  September  24,  1864;  entered  upon 
duties  October  1,  1864. 

Secretary  of  the  Navy— Isaac  Toucey,  of  Connec- 
ticut, continued  from  last  administration;  Gideon 
Welles,  of  Connecticut,  March  5,  1861. 

Secretary  of  the  Interior — Moses  Kelly  (chief 
clerk),  ad  interim,  March  4,  1861;  Caleb  B.  Smith, 
of  Indiana,  March  5,  1861;  John  P.  Usher,  of  In- 
diana (Assistant  Secretary),  ad  interim,  January 
1,  1863;  John  P.  Usher,  of  Indiana,  January  8, 
1863. 


Second  Administration  of  ABRAHAM  LINCOLN. 

MARCH  4,  1865,  TO  APRIL  15,  1865. 


President — ABRAHAM  LINCOLN,  of  Illinois.  (Died 
April  15,  1865.) 

Vice  President — ANDREW  JOHNSON,  of  Tennessee. 

Secretary  of  State — William  H.  Seward,  of  New 
York,  continued  from  last  administration. 

Secretary  of  the  Treasury  —  George  Harrington, 
of  the  District  of  Columbia  (Assistant  Secretary), 
ad  interim,  March  4,  1865;  Hugh  McCulloch,  of 
Indiana,  March  7, 1865;  entered  upon  duties  March 
9,  1865. 


Secretary  of  War — Edwin  M.  Stanton,  of  Penn- 
sylvania, continued  from  last  administration. 

Attorney  General — James  Speed,  of  Kentucky, 
continued  from  last  administration. 

Postmaster  General — William  Dennison,  of  Ohio, 
continued  from  last  administration. 

Secretary  of  the  Navy  —  Gideon  Welles,  of  Con- 
necticut, continued  from  last  administration. 

Secretary  of  the  Interior — John  P.  Usher,  of  Indi- 
ana, continued  from  last  administration. 


16 


CONGRESSIONAL   DIRECTORY. 


Administration  of  ANDREW  JOHNSON. 


APRIL  15,  1865,  TO  MARCH  3,  1869. 


President — ANDREW  JOHNSON,  of  Tennessee. 

President  of  the  Senate  pro  tempore — LAFAYETTE 
S.  FOSTER,  of  Connecticut;  BENJAMIN  F.  WADE, 
of  Ohio. 

Secretary  of  State — William  H.  Seward,  of  New 
York,  continued  from  Lincoln's  administration. 

Secretary  of  the  Treasury — Hugh  McCulloch,  of 
Indiana,  continued  from  Lincoln's  administration. 

Secretary  of  War — Edwin  M.  Stanton,  of  Penn- 
sylvania, continued  from  Lincoln's  administration; 
suspended  August  12, 1867;  Ulysses  S.  Grant  (Gen- 
eral of  the  Army),  ad  interim,  August  12,  1867; 
Edwin  M.  Stanton,  of  Pennsylvania,  reinstated 
January  13,  1868,  to  May  26,  1868;  John  M.  Scho- 
field,  or  Illinois,  May  28, 1868;  entered  upon  duties 
June  1,  1868. 

Attorney  General — James  Speed,  of  Kentucky, 
continued  from  Lincoln's  administration;  J.  Hub- 
ley  Ashton,  of  Pennsylvania  (Assistant  Attorney 


General),  acting,  July  17,  1866;  Henry  Stanbery: 
of  Ohio,  July  23,  1866;  Orville  H.  Browning,  of 
Illinois  (Secretary  of  the  Interior),  ad  interim, 
March  13,  1868;  William  M.  Evarts,  of  New  York, 
July  15,  1868;  entered  upon  duties  July  20,  1868. 

Postmaster  General — William  Dennison,  of  Ohio, 
continued  from  Lincoln's  administration;  Alex- 
ander W.  Randall,  of  Wisconsin  (First  Assistant 
Postmaster  General),  ad  interim,  July  17,  1866; 
Alexander  W.  Randall,  of  Wisconsin,  July  25, 
1866. 

Secretary  of  the  Navy — Gideon  Welles,  of  Con- 
necticut, continued  from  Lincoln's  administra- 
tion. 

Secretary  of  the  Interior — John  P.  Usher,  of  In- 
diana, continued  from  Lincoln's  administration; 
James  Harlan,  of  Iowa,  May  15,  1865;  Orville  H. 
Browning,  of  Illinois,  July  27,  1866,  to  take  effect 
September  1,  1866. 


First  Administration  of  ULYSSES  S.  GRANT. 


MARCH  4,  1869,  TO  MARCH  3,  1873. 


President — ULYSSES  S.  GRANT,  of  Illinois. 

Vice  President — SCHUYLER  COLFAX,  of  Indiana. 

Secretary  of  State. — William  H.  Seward,  of  New 
York,  continued  from  last  administration;  Elihu 
B.  Washburne,  of  Illinois,  March  5, 1869;  Hamilton 
Fish,  of  New  York,  March  11, 1869;  entered  upon 
duties  March  17,  1869. 

Secretary  of  the  Treasury — Hugh  McCulloch,  of 
Indiana,  continued  from  last  administration;  John 
F.  Hartley,  of  Maine  (Assistant  Secretary),  ad  in- 
terim, March  5, 1869;  George  S.  Boutwell,  of  Massa- 
chusetts, March  11,  1869. 

Secretary  of  War — John  M.  Schofield,  of  Illinois, 
continued  from  last  administration;  John  A.  Raw- 
lins,  of  Illinois,  March  11,  1869;  William  T.  Sher- 
man, of  Ohio,  September  9,  1869;  entered  upon 
duties  September  11,  1869;  William  W.  Belknap, 
of  Iowa,  October  25,  1869;  entered  upon  duties 
November  1,1869. 

Attorney  General — William  M.  Evarts,  of  New 
York,  continued  from  last  administration;  J.  Hub- 


ley  Ashton,  of  Pennsylvania  (Assistant  Attorney 
General),  acting,  March  5, 1869;  Ebenezer  R.  Hoar, 
of  Massachusetts,  March  5,  1869;  entered  upon 
duties  March  11, 1869;  Amos  T.  Akerman,  of  Geor- 
gia, June  23, 1870;  entered  upon  duties  July  8, 1870; 
George  H.  Williams,  of  Oregon,  December  14, 1871, 
to  take  effect  January  10,  1872. 

Postmaster  General — St.  John  B.  L.  Skinner,  of 
New  York  (First  Assistant  Postmaster  General), 
ad  interim,  March  4,  1869;  John  A.  J.  Creswell, 
of  Maryland,  March  5,  1869. 

Secretary  of  the  Navy — William  Faxon,  of  Con- 
necticut (Assistant  Secretary),  ad  interim,  March 
4,  1869;  Adolph  E.  Borie,  of  Pennsylvania,  March 
5, 1869;  entered  upon  duties  March  9, 1869;  George 
M.  Robeson,  of  New  Jersey,  June  25,  1869. 

Secretary  of  the  Interior — William  T.  Otto,  of 
Indiana  (Assistant  Secretary),  ad  interim,  March  4, 
1869;  Jacob  D.  Cox,  of  Ohio,  March  5, 1869;  entered 
upon  duties  March  9,  1869;  Columbus  Delano,  of 
Ohio,  November  1,  1870. 


Second  Administration  of  ULYSSES  S.  GRANT. 


MARCH  4,  1873,  TO  MARCH  3,  1877. 


President — ULYSSES  S.  GRANT,  of  Illinois. 

Vice  President — HENRY  WILSON,  of  Massachusetts. 
(Died  November  22,  1875.) 

President  of  the  Senate  pro  tempore — THOMAS  W. 
FERRY,  of  Michigan. 

Secretary  of  State — Hamilton  Fish,  of  New  York, 
continued  from  last  administration;  Hamilton 
Fish,  of  New  York,  recommissioned  March  17, 1873. 

Secretary  of  the  Treasury— George  S.  Boutwell, 
of  Massachusetts,  continued  from  last  administra- 
tion; William  A.  Richardson,  of  Massachusetts, 
March  17,  1873;  Benjamin  H.  Bristow,  of  Ken- 
tucky, June  2,  1874;  entered  upon  duties  June  4, 
1874;  Charles  F.  Conant,  of  New  Hampshire  (As- 
sistant Secretary),  ad  interim,  June  21,  1876,  to 


June  30,  1876;  Lot  M.  Morrill,  of  Maine,  June  21, 
1876;  entered  upon  duties  July  7,  1876. 

Secretary  of  War — William  W.  Belknap,  of 
Iowa,  continued  from  last  administration;  Wil- 
liam W.  Belknap,  of  Iowa,  recommissioned  March 
17,  1873;  George  M.  Robeson,  of  New  Jersey  (Sec- 
retary of  the  Navy),  ad  interim,  March  2,  1876; 
Alphonso  Taft,  of  Ohio,  March  8,  1876;  entered 
upon  duties  March  11,  1876;  James  D.  Cameron, 
of  Pennsylvania,  May  22,  1876;  entered  upon 
duties  June  1,  1876. 

Attorney  General — George  H.  Williams,  of  Ore- 
gon, continued  from 'last  administration;  George 
H.  Williams,  of  Oregon,  recommissioned  March 
17,  1873;  Edwards  Pierrepont,  of  New  York,  April 


EXECUTIVE    OFFICERS,    1789-1911. 


17 


26,  1875,  to  take  effect  May  15,  1875;  Alphonso 
Taft,  of  Ohio,  May  22,  1876;  entered  upon  duties 
June  1,  1876. 

Postmaster  General — John  A.  J.  Creswell,  of 
Maryland,  continued  from  last  administration; 
John  A.  J.  Creswell,  of  Maryland,  recommissioned 
March  17,  1873;  James  W.  Marshall,  of  Virginia, 
July  3,  1874;  entered  upon  duties  July  7,  1874; 
Marshall  Jewell,  of  Connecticut,  August  24,  1874; 
entered  upon  duties  September  1,  1874;  James  M. 
Tyner,  of  Indiana,  July  12,  1876. 


Secretary  of  the  Navy — George  M.  Robeson,  of 
New  Jersey,  continued  from  last  administration; 
George  M.  Robeson,  of  New  Jersey,  recommis- 
sioned March  17,  1873. 

Secretary  of  the  Interior — Columbus  Delano,  of 
Ohio,  continued  from  last  administration;  Colum- 
bus Delano,  of  Ohio,  recommissioned  March  17 
1873;  Benjamin  R.  Cowen,  of  Ohio  (Assistant 
Secretary),  ad  interim,  September  30,  1875; 
Zachariah  Chandler,  of  Michigan,  October  19, 
1875. 


Administration  of  RUTHERFORD  B.  HAYES. 

MABCH  4,  1877,  TO  MARCH  3,  1881. 


President — RUTHERFORD  B.  HAYES,  of  Ohio. 

Vice  President — WILLIAM  A.  WHEELER,  of  New 
York. 

Secretary  of  State — Hamilton  Fish,  of  New  York, 
continued  from  last  administration;  William  M. 
Evarts,  of  New  York,  March  12,  1877. 

Secretary  of  the  Treasury — Lot  M.  Morrill,  of 
Maine,  continued  from  last  administration;  John 
Sherman,  of  Ohio,  March  8,  1877;  entered  upon 
duties  March  10,  1877. 

Secretary  of  War — James  D.  Cameron,  of  Penn- 
sylvania, continued  from  last  administration; 
George  W.  McCrary,  of  Iowa,  March  12,  1877; 
Alexander  Ramsey,  of  Minnesota,  December  10, 
1879;  entered  upon  duties  December  12,  1879. 

Attorney  General — Alphonso  Taft,  of  Ohio,  con- 
tinued from  last  administration;  Charles  Devens, 
of  Massachusetts,  March  12,  1877. 


Postmaster  General — James  M.  Tyner,  of  Indi- 
ana, continued  from  last  administration;  David 
M.  Key,  of  Tennessee,  March  12,  1877;  resigned 
June  1,  1880;  Horace  Maynard,  of  Tennessee,  June 
2, 1880;  entered  upon  duties  August  25,  1880. 

Secretary  of  the  Navy — George  M.  Robeson,  of 
New  Jersey,  continued  from  last  administration; 
Richard  W.  Thompson,  of  Indiana,  March  12, 
1877;  Alexander  Ramsey,  of  Minnesota  (Secretary 
of  War),  ad  interim,  December  21,  1880;  Nathan 
Goff,  jr.,  of  West  Virginia,  January  6,  1881. 

Secretary  of  the  Interior — Zachariah  Chandler, 
of  Michigan,  continued  from  last  administration; 
Carl  Schurz,  of  Missouri,  March  12,  1877. 


Administration  of  JAMES  A.  GKARFIEID. 

MABCH  4,  1881,  TO  SEPTEMBER  19,  1881. 


President — JAMES  A.  GARFIELD,  of  Ohio.  (Died 
September  19,  1881.) 

Vice  President — CHESTER  A.  ARTHUR,  of  New 
York. 

Secretary  of  State — William  M.  Evarts,  of  New 
York,  continued  from  last  administration;  James 
G.  Blaine,  of  Maine,  March  5,  1881;  entered  upon 
duties  March  7,  1881. 

Secretary  of  the  Treasury — Henry  F.  French,  of 
Massachusetts  (Assistant  Secretary),  ad  interim, 
March  4,  1881;  William  Windom,  of  Minnesota, 
March  5, 1881;  entered  upon  duties  March  8, 1881. 

Secretary  of  War — Alexander  Ramsey,  of  Min- 
nesota, continued  from  last  administration;  Robert 
T.  Lincoln,  of  Illinois,  March  5,  1881;  entered 
upon  duties  March  11,  1881. 


Attorney  General — Charles  Devens  of  Massachu 
setts,  continued  from  last  administration;  Wayne 
MacVeagh,  of  Pennsylvania,  March  5, 1881;  entered 
upon  duties  March  7,  1881. 

Postmaster  General — Horace  Maynard,  of  Ten- 
nessee, continued  from  last  administration; 
Thomas  L.  James,  of  New  York,  March  5,  1881; 
entered  upon  duties  March  8,  1881. 

Secretary  of  the  Navy — Nathan  Goff,  jr.,  of  West 
Virginia,  continued  from  last  administration; 
William  H.  Hunt,  of  Louisiana,  March  5,  1881; 
entered  upon  duties  March  7,  1881. 

Secretary  of  the  Interior — Carl  Schurz,  of  Mis- 
souri, continued  froin  last  administration;  Samuel 
J.  Kirkwood,  of  Iowa,  March  5,  1881;  entered  upon 
duties  March  8,  1881. 


Administration  of  CHESTER  A.  ARTHUR. 

SEPTEMBER  20,  1881,  TO  MARCH  3,  1885. 


President — CHESTER  A.  ARTHUR,  of  New  York. 

President  of  the  Senate  pro  tempore. — THOMAS  F. 
BAYARD,  of  Delaware;  DAVID  DAVIS,  of  Illinois; 
GEORGE  F.  EDMUNDS,  of  Vermont. 

Secretary  of  State — James  G.  Blaine,  of  Maine, 
continued  from  Garfield's  administration;  Fred- 
erick T.  Frelinghuysen,  of  New  Jersey,  December 
12,  1881;  entered  upon  duties  December  19,  1881. 

50346°— S.  Doc.  654,  61-2 2 


Secretary  of  the  Treasury — William  Windom,  of 
Minnesota,  continued  from  Garfield's  administra- 
tion; Charles  J.  Folger:  of  New  York,  October  27, 
1881;  entered  upon  duties  November  14, 1881  (died 
September  4,  1884);  Charles  E.  Coon,  of  New  York 
(Assistant  Secretary),  ad  interim,  September  4, 
1884;  Henry  F.  French,  of  Massachusetts  (Assistant 
Secretary),  ad  interim,  Septembers,  1884;  Charles 


18 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 


E.  Coon,  of  New  York  (Assistant  Secretary),  ad 
interim,  September  15,  1884;  Walter  Q.  Gresham, 
of  Indiana,  September  24, 1884;  Henry  F.  French, 
of  Massachusetts  (Assistant  Secretary),  ad  interim, 
October  29,  1884;  Hugh  McCulloch,  of  Indiana, 
October  28, 1884;  entered  upon  duties  October  31, 
1884. 

Secretary  of  War — Robert  T.  Lincoln,  of  Illi- 
nois, continued  from  Garfield's  administration. 

Attorney  General — Wayne  MacVeagh,  of  Penn- 
sylvania, continued  from  Garfield's  administra- 
tion- Samuel  F.  Phillips,  of  North  Carolina 
(Solicitor  General),  ad  interim,  November  12, 
1881;  Benjamin  H.  Brewster,  of  Pennsylvania, 
December  19,  1881;  entered  upon  duties  January 
3,  1882. 

Postmaster  General — Thomas  L.  James,  of  New 
York,  continued  from  Garfield's  administration; 
Thomas  L.  James,  of  New  York,  recommissioned 


October  27,  1881;  Timothy  0.  Howe,  of  Wisconsin, 
December  20,  1881;  entered  upon  duties  January 
5,  1882  (died  March  25,  1883);  Frank  Hatton,  of 
Iowa  (First  Assistant  Postmaster  General),  ad  in- 
terim, March  26, 1883;  Walter  Q.  Gresham,  of  Indi- 
ana, April  3,  1883;  entered  upon  duties  April  11, 
1883;  Frank  Hatton,  of  Iowa  (First  Assistant  Post- 
master General),  ad  interim,  September  25,  1884; 
Frank  Hatton,  of  Iowa,  October  14,  1884. 

Secretary  of  the  Navy. — William  H.  Hunt,  of 
Louisiana,  continued  from  Garfield's  administra- 
tion; William  E.  Chandler,  of  New  Hampshire, 
April  12,  1882;  entered  upon  duties  April  17, 
1882. 

Secretary  of  the  Interior — Samuel  J.  Kirkwood, 
of  Iowa,  continued  from  Garfield's  administra- 
tion; Henry  M.  Teller,  of  Colorado,  April  6,  1882; 
entered  upon  duties  April  17,  1882. 


First  Administration  of  GROVER  CLEVELAND. 

MARCH  4,  1885,  TO  MARCH  3,  1889. 


President — GROVER  CLEVELAND,  of  New  York. 

Vice  President. — THOMAS  A.  HENDRICKS,  of  Indi- 
ana. (Died  November  25,  1885.) 

President  of  the  Senate  pro  tempore — JOHN  SHER- 
MAN, of  Ohio;  JOHN  J.  INGALLS,  of  Kansas. 

Secretary  of  State — Frederick  T.  Frelinghuysen, 
of  New  Jersey;  continued  from  last  administration; 
Thomas  F.  Bayard,  of  Delaware,  March  6,  1885. 

Secretary  of  the  Treasury — Hugh  McCulloch,  of 
Indiana;  continued  from  last  administration; 
Daniel  Manning,  of  New  York,  March  6,  1885; 
entered  upon  duties  March  8,  1885;  Charles  S. 
Fairchild,  of  New  York,  April  1,  1887. 

Secretary  of  War — Robert  T.  Lincoln,  of  Illinois; 
continued  from  last  administration;  William  C. 
Endicott,  of  Massachusetts,  March  6,  1885. 

Attorney  General — Benjamin  H.  Brewster,  of 
Pennsylvania,  continued  from  last  administra- 


tion; Augustus  H.  Garland,  of  Arkansas,  March 
6,  1885;  entered  upon  duties  March  9,  1885. 

Postmaster  General — Frank  Hatton,  of  Iowa, 
continued  from  last  administration;  William  F. 
Vilas,  of  Wisconsin,  March  6,  1885;  Don  M.  Dick- 
inson, of  Michigan,  January  16,  1888. 

Secretary  of  the  Navy — William  E.  Chandler,  of 
New  Hampshire,  continued  from  last  administra- 
tion; William  C.  Whitney,  of  New  York,  March 
6,  1885. 

Secretary  of  the  Interior — Merritt  L.  Joslyn,  of 
Illinois  (Assistant  Secretary),  ad  interim,  March  4, 
1885;  Lucius  Q.  C.  Lamar,  of  Mississippi,  March  6, 
1885;  Henry  L.  Muldrow,  of  Mississippi  (First  As- 
sistant Secretary),  ad  interim,  January  10,  1888; 
William  F.  Vilas,  of  Wisconsin,  January  16,  1888. 

Secretary  of  Agriculture — Norman  J.  Colman, 
of  Missouri,  February  13,  1889. 


Administration  of  BENJAMIN  HARRISON. 

MARCH  4,  1889,  TO  MARCH  3,  1893. 


President — BENJAMIN  HARRISON,  of  Indiana. 

Vice  President — LEVI  P.  MORTON,  of  New  York. 

Secretary  of  State — Thomas  F.  Bayard,  of  Dela- 
ware, continued  from  last  administration ;  James  G. 
Elaine,  of  Maine,  March  5,  1889;  entered  upon 
duties  March  7,  1889;  William  F.  Wharton,  of 
Massachusetts  (Assistant  Secretary)2  ad  interim, 
June  4, 1892;  John  W.  Foster,  of  Indiana,  June  29, 
1892;  William  F.  Wharton,  of  Massachusetts 
(Assistant  Secretary),  ad  interim,  February  23, 
1893. 

Secretary  of  the  Treasury — Charles  S.  Fairchild, 
of  New  York,  continued  from  last  administration; 
William  Windom2  of  Minnesota,  March  5,  1889; 
entered  upon  duties  March  7, 1889;  (died  January 
29, 1891);  Allured  B.  Nettle  ton,  of  Minnesota  (As- 
sistant Secretary),  ad  interim,  January  30,  1891; 
Charles  Foster,  of  Ohio,  February  24,  1891. 

Secretary  of  War — William  C.  Endicottj  of  Mas- 
sachusetts, continued  from  last  administration ; 
Redfield  Proctor,  of  Vermont,  March  5,  1889; 


Lewis  A.  Grant,  of  Minnesota  (Assistant  Secre- 
tary), ad  interim,  December  6,  1891;  Stephen  B. 
Elkins,  of  West  Virginia,  December  22,  1891; 
entered  upon  duties  December  24,  1891. 

Attorney  General — Augustus  H.  Garland,  of  Ar- 
kansas, continued  from  last  administration;  Wil- 
liam H.  H.  Miller,  of  Indiana,  March  5,  1889. 

Postmaster  General — Don  M.  Dickinson,  of  Mich- 
igan, continued  from  last  administration;  John 
Wanamaker,  of  Pennsylvania,  March  5,  1889. 

Secretary  of  the  Navy — William  C.  Whitney,  of 
New  York,  continued  from  last  administration; 
Benjamin  F.  Tracy,  of  New  York,  March  5,  1889. 

Secretary  of  the  Interior — William  F.  Vilas,  of 
Wisconsin,  continued  from  last  administration; 
John  W.  Noble,  of  Missouri,  March  5, 1889;  entered 
upon  duties  March  7,  1889. 

Secretary  of  Agriculture — Norman  J.  Colman, 
of  Missouri,  continued  from  last  administration; 
Jeremiah  M.  Rusk,  of  Wisconsin,  March  5,  1889; 
entered  upon  duties  March  7,  1889. 


EXECUTIVE    OFFICERS,    1789-1911. 

Second  Administration  of  GROVER  CLEVELAND. 


19 


MARCH  4,  1893,  TO  MARCH  3,  1897. 


President — GROVER  CLEVELAND,  of  New  York. 

Vice  President — ADLAI  E.  STEVENSON,  of  Illinois. 

Secretary  of  State — William  F.  Wharton,  _  of 
Massachusetts  (Assistant  Secretary),  ad  interim, 
continued  from  last  administration;  Walter  Q. 
Gresham,  of  Illinois,  March  6,  1893  (died  May  28, 
1895);  Edwin  F.  Uhl,  of  Michigan  (Assistant  Secre- 
tary! ad  interim,  May  28,  1895;  Alvey  A.  Adee,  of 
the  District  of  Columbia  (Second  Assistant  Secre- 
tary), ad  interim,  May  31,  1895;  Edwin  F.  Uhl,  of 
Michigan  (Assistant  Secretary),  ad  interim,  June  1, 
1895;  Richard  Olney,  of  Massachusetts,  June  8, 
1895;  entered  upon  duties  June  10,  1895. 

Secretary  of  the  Treasury — Charles  Foster,  of 
Ohio,  continued  from  last  administration;  John  G. 
Carlisle,  of  Kentucky,  March  6,  1893. 

Secretary  of  War — Stephen  B.  Elkins,  of  West 
Virginia,  continued  from  last  administration; 
Daniel  S.  Lament,  of  New  York,  March  6,  1893. 

Attorney  General — William  H.  H.  Miller,  of 
Indiana,  continued  from  last  administration; 


Richard  Olney,  of  Massachusetts,  March  6,  1893; 
Judson  Harmon,  of  Ohio,  June  8,  1895;  entered 
upon  duties  June  11,  1895. 

Postmaster  General — John  Wanamaker,  of  Penn- 
sylvania, continued  from  last  administration; 
Wilson  S.  Bissell,  of  New  York,  March  6,  1893; 
William  L.  Wilson,  of  West  Virginia,  March  1, 1895', 
entered  upon  duties  April  4,  1895. 

Secretary  of  the  Navy — Benjamin  F.  Tracy,  of 
New  York,  continued  from  last  administration; 
Hilary  A.  Herbert,  of  Alabama,  March  6,  1893. 

Secretary  of  the  Interior — John  W.  Noble,  of 
Missouri,  continued  from  last  administration; 
Hoke  Smith,  of  Georgia,  March  6,  1893;  John  M. 
Reynolds,  of  Pennsylvania  (Assistant  Secretary), 
ad  interim,  September  1,  1896;  David  R.  Francis, 
of  Missouri,  September  1, 1896;  entered  upon  duties 
September  4,  1896. 

Secretary  of  Agriculture — Jeremiah  M.  Rusk,  of 
Wisconsin,  continued  from  last  administration; 
Julius  Sterling  Morton,  of  Nebraska,  March  6,  1893, 


First  Administration  of  WILLIAM  McKINLEY. 

MAECH  4,  1897,  TO  MARCH  3,  1901. 


President — WILLIAM  McKiNLEY,  of  Ohio. 

Vice  President — GARRET  A.  HOBART,  of  New 
Jersey.  (Died  November  21,  1899.) 

President  of  the  Senate  pro  tempore — WILLIAM  P. 
FRYE,  of  Maine. 

Secretary  of  State — Richard  Olney,  of  Massachu- 
setts, continued  from  last  administration;  John 
Sherman,  of  Ohio,  March  5,  1897;  William  R. 
Day,  of  Ohio,  April  26,  1898;  entered  upon  duties 
April  28,  1898;  Alvey  A.  Adee  (Second  Assistant 
Secretary),  ad  interim,  September  17,  1898;  John 
Hay,  of  the  District  of  Columbia,  September  20, 
1898;  entered  upon  duties  September  30,  1898. 

Secretary  of  the  Treasury — John  G.  Carlisle,  of 
Kentucky,  continued  from  last  administration; 
Lyman  J.  Gage,  of  Illinois,  March  5,  1897. 

Secretary  of  War — Daniel  S.  Lamont,  of  New 
York,  continued  from  last  administration;  Russell 
A.  Alger,  of  Michigan,  March  5,  1897;  Elihu  Root, 
of  New  York,  August  1,  1899. 

Attorney  General — Judson  Harmon,  of  Ohio, 
continued  from  last  administration;  Joseph 


McKenna,  of  California,  March  5,  1897;  entered 
upon  duties  March  7,  1897;  John  K.  Richards,  of 
Ohio  (Solicitor  General),  ad  interim,  January  25, 
1898;  John  W.  Griggs,  of  New  Jersey,  January  25, 
1898;  entered  upon  duties  February  1,  1898. 

Postmaster  General — William  L.  Wilson,  of  West 
Virginia,  continued  from  last  administration; 
James  A.  Gary,  of  Maryland,  March  5,  1897; 
Charles  Emory  Smith,  of  Pennsylvania,  April  21, 
1898. 

Secretary  of  the  Navy — Hilary  A.  Herbert,  of 
Alabama,  continued  from  last  administration; 
John  D.  Long,  of  Massachusetts,  March  5,  1897. 

Secretary  of  the  Interior — David  R.  Francis,  of 
Missouri,  continued  from  last  administration; 
Cornelius  N.  Bliss,  of  New  York,  March  5,  1897; 
Ethan  A.  Hitchcock,  of  Missouri,  December  21, 
1898;  entered  upon  duties  February  20,  1899. 

Secretary  of  Agriculture — Julius  Sterling  Morton, 
of  Nebraska,  continued  from  last  administration; 
James  Wilson,  of  Iowa,  March  5,  1897. 


Second  Administration  of  WILLIAM  M'KINLEY. 

MARCH  4,  1901,  TO  SEPTEMBER  14,  1901. 


President — WILLIAM  McKiNLEY,  of  Ohio.  (Died 
September  14,  1901.) 

Vice  President — THEODORE  ROOSEVELT,  of  New 
York. 

Secretary  of  State — John  Hay,  of  the  District  of 
Columbia,  continued  from  last  administration. 
John  Hay,  of  the  District  of  Columbia;  recom- 
missioned March  5,  1901. 

Secretary  of  the  Treasury — Lyman  J.  Gage,  of 
Illinois,  continued  from  last  administration. 
Lyman  J.  Gage,  of  Illinois;  recommissioned  March 
5,  1901. 


Secretary  of  War — Elihu  Root,  of  New  York, 
continued  from  last  administration.  Elihu  Root, 
of  New  York;  recommissioned  March  5,  1901. 

Attorney  General — John  W.  Griggs,  of  New  Jer- 
sey, continued  from  last  administration.  John 
W.  Griggs,  of  New  Jersey;  recommissioned  March 
5,  1901.  John  K.  Richards,  of  Ohio  (Solicitor 
General),  ad  interim,  April  1,  1901.  Philander 
C.  Knox,  of  Pennsylvania,  April  5,  1901;  entered 
upon  duties  April  9,  1901. 

Postmaster  General — Charles  Emory  Smith,  of 
Pennsylvania,  continued  from  last  administra- 


20 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 


tion.  Charles  Emory  Smith,  of  Pennsylvania; 
recommissioned  March  5,  1901. 

Secretary  of  the  Navy — John  D.  Long,  of  Massa- 
chusetts, continued  from  last  administration. 
John  D.  Long,  of  Massachusetts;  recommissioned 
March  5,  1901. 

Secretary  of  the  Interior — Ethan  A.  Hitchcock,  of 
Missouri,  continued  from  last  administration. 


Ethan  A.  Hitchcock,  of  Missouri;  recommissioned 
March  5,  1901. 

Secretary  of  Agriculture — James  Wilson,  of  Iowa, 
continued  from  last  administration.  James  Wil- 
son, of  Iowa;  recommissioned  March  5,  1901. 


First  Administration  of  THEODORE  ROOSEVELT. 

SEPTEMBER  14,  1901,  TO  MARCH  3,  1905. 


President — THEODORE  ROOSEVELT,  of  New  York. 

President  of  the  Senate  pro  tempore — WILLIAM  P. 
FRYE,  of  Maine. 

Secretary  of  State — John  Hay,  of  the  District  of 
Columbia;  continued  from  McKinley's  adminis- 
tration. 

Secretary  of  the  Treasury. — Lyman  J.  Gage,  of 
Illinois,  continued  from  McKinley's  administra- 
tion. Leslie  M.  Shaw,  of  Iowa,  January  9,  1902; 
entered  upon  duties  February  1,  1902. 

Secretary  of  War — Elihu  Root,  of  New  York, 
continued  from  McKinley's  administration.  Wil- 
liam H.  Taft,  of  Ohio,  January  11,  1904,  to  take 
effect  February  1,  1904. 

Attorney  General — Philander  C.  Knox,  of  Penn- 
sylvania, continued  from  McKinley's  administra- 
tion ;  recommissioned  December  16, 1901 .  William 
H.  Moody,  of  Massachusetts,  July  1,  1904. 


Postmaster  General — Charles  Emory  Smith,  of 
Pennsylvania;  continued  from  McKinley's  admin- 
istration. Henry  C.  Payne,  of  Wisconsin,  January 
9,  1902;  Robert  J.  Wynne,  of  Pennsylvania, 
October  10,  1904. 

Secretary  of  the  Navy. — John  D.  Long,  of  Massa- 
chusetts, continued  from  McKinley's  administra- 
tion. William  H.  Moody,  of  Massachusetts,  April 
29,  1902;  entered  upon  duties  May  1, 1902.  Paul 
Morton,  of  Illinois,  July  1,  1904. 

Secretary  of  the  Interior — Ethan  A.  Hitchcock, 
of  Missouri,  continued  from  McKinley's  adminis- 
tration. 

Secretary  of  Agriculture — James  Wilson,  of  Iowa, 
continued  from  McKinley's  administration. 

Secretary  of  Commerce  and  Labor — George  B. 
Cortelyou,  of  New  York,  February  16,  1903.  Vic- 
tor H.  Metcalf,  of  California,  July  1,  1904. 


Second  Administration  of  THEODORE  ROOSEVELT. 

MARCH  4,  1905,  TO  MARCH  3,  1909. 


President — THEODORE  ROOSEVELT,  of  New  York. 

Vice  President — CHARLES  WARREN  FAIRBANKS, 
of  Indiana. 

President  of  the  Senate  pro  tempore — WILLIAM  P. 
FRYE,  of  Maine. 

Secretary  of  State — John  Hay,  of  the  District  of 
Columbia,  continued  from  last  administration. 
John  Hay,  of  the  District  of  Columbia;  recom- 
missioned March  6,  1905.  Died  July  1,  1905. 
Francis  B.  Loomis,  of  Ohio  (Assistant  Secretary) 
ad  interim  July  1,  1905,  to  July  18,  1905.  Elihu 
Root,  of  New  York,  July  7,  1905,  entered  upon 
duties  July  19,  1905.  Robert  Bacon,  of  New  York, 
January  27,  1909;  entered  upon  duties  January 
27,  1909. 

Secretary  of  the  Treasury — Leslie  M.  Shaw,  of 
Iowa,  continued  from  last  administration.  Leslie 
M.  Shaw,  of  Iowa;  recommissioned  March  6,  1905. 
George  B.  Cortelyou,  of  New  York,  January  15, 
1907,  to  take  effect  March  4,  1907. 

Secretary  of  Far— William  H.  Taft,  of  Ohio, 
continued  from  last  administration.  William  H. 
Taft,  of  Ohio;  recommissioned  March  6,  1905. 
Luke  E.  Wright,  of  Tennessee,  June  29,  1908. 

Attorney  General — William  H.  Moody,  of  Massa- 
chusetts, continued  from  last  administration. 
William  H.  Moody,  of  Massachusetts;  recom- 


missioned March  6,  1905.  Charles  J.  Bonaparte,  of 
Maryland,  December  12,  1906. 

Postmaster  General — Robert  J.  Wynne,  of  Penn- 
sylvania, continued  from  last  administration. 
George  B.  Cortelyou,  of  New  York,  March  6, 
1905.  George  von  L.  Meyer,  of  Massachusetts, 
January  15,  1907,  to  take  effect  March  4,  1907. 

Secretary  of  the  Navy — Paul  Morton,  of  Illinois, 
continued  from  last  administration.  Paul  Morton, 
of  Illinois,  recommissioned  March  6,  1905.  Charles 
J.  Bonaparte,  of  Maryland,  July  1, 1905.  Victor  H. 
Metcalf,  of  California,  December  12, 1906;  Truman 
H.  Newberry,  of  Michigan,  December  1,  1908. 

Secretary  of  the  Interior — Ethan  A.  Hitchcock,  of 
Missouri,  continued  from  last  administration. 
Ethan  A.  Hitchcock,  of  Missouri,  recommissioned 
March  6,  1905.  James  R.  Garfield,  of  Ohio,  Janu- 
ary 15,  1907,  to  take  effect  March  4,  1907. 

Secretary  of  Agriculture — James  Wilson,  of  Iowa, 
continued  from  last  administration.  James  Wil- 
son, of  Iowa,  recommissioned  March  6,  1905. 

Secretary  of  Commerce  and  Labor — Victor  H.  Met- 
calf, of  California,  continued  from  last  administra- 
tion. Victor  H.  Metcalf,  of  California;  recommis- 
sioned March  6,  1905.  Oscar  S.  Straus,  of  New 
York,  December  12,  1906;  entered  upon  duties 
December  17,  1905. 


EXECUTIVE    OFFICEKS,    1789-1911. 


21 


Administration  of  WILLIAM  H.  TAFT. 


MARCH  4,  1909,  TO  MABCH  4,  1913. 


President — WILLIAM  H.  TAFT,  of  Ohio. 
Vice   President — JAMES  S.   SHERMAN,    of   New 
York.     (Died  October  30,  1912.) 

President  of  the  Senate  pro  tempore — WILLIAM  P. 
FRYE,  of  Maine.  Resigned  April  27, 1911.  Jacob 
H.  Gallinger,  of  New  Hampshire,  and  Augustus 
O.  Bacon,  of  Georgia,  alternating. 

Secretary  of  State — Robert  Bacon,  of  New  York, 
continued  from  last  administration.  Philander 
C.  Knox,  of  Pennsylvania,  March  5,  1909. 

Secretary  of  the  Treasury — George  B.  Cortelyou, 
of  New  York,  continued  from  last  administration. 
Franklin  MacVeagh,  of  Illinois,  March  5,  1909. 

Secretary  of  War — Luke  E.  Wright,  of  Tennessee, 
continued  from  last  administration.  Jacob  McG. 
Dickinson,  of  Tennessee,  March  5,  1909.  Henry 
L.  Stimson,  of  New  York,  May  16,  1911. 

Attorney  General — Charles  J.  Bonaparte,  of  Mary- 
land, continued  from  last  administration.  George 
W.  Wickersham,  of  New  York,  March  5,  1909. 


Postmaster  General. — George  von  L.  Meyer;  of 
Massachusetts,  continued  from  last  administration. 
Frank  H.  Hitchcock,  of  Massachusetts,  March  5, 
1909. 

Secretary  of  the  Navy — Truman  H.  Newberry,  of 
Michigan,  continued  from  last  administration. 
George  von  L.  Meyer,  of  Massachusetts,  March  5, 
1909. 

Secretary^  of  the  Interior — James  R.  Garfield,  of 
Ohio,  continued  from  last  administration.  Richard 
A.  Ballinger,  of  Washington,  March  5,  1909; 
Walter  Lowrie  Fisher,  of  Illinois,  March  7,  1911. 

Secretary  of  Agriculture-^JameB  Wilson,  of  Iowa, 
continued  from  last  administration.  James  Wil- 
son, of  Iowa,  recommissioned  March  5,  1909. 

Secretary  of  Commerce  and  Labor — Oscar  S. 
Straus,  of  New  York,  continued  from  last  admin- 
istration. Charles  Nagel,  of  Missouri,  March  5, 
1909. 


THE  CONTINENTAL  CONGRESS. 


THE  CONGRESS  OF  THE  UNITED  STATES. 

I-LXII. 


23 


THE  CONTINENTAL  CONGRESS. 


PLACE  AND  TIME  OF  SESSIONS. 

Philadelphia,  Pa from  September  5,  1774,  to  October  26,  1774 

Philadelphia,  Pa from  May  10,  1775,  to  December  12,  1776 

Baltimore,  Md from  December  20,  1776,  to  March  4,  1777 

Philadelphia,  Pa from  March  4,  1777,  to  September  18,  1777 

Lancaster,  Pa from  September  27,  1777,  to  September  27,  1777 

York,  Pa from  September  30,  1777,  to  June  27,  1778 

Philadelphia,  Pa from  July  2,  1778,  to  June  21,  1783 

Princeton,  N.  J from  June  30,  1783,  to  November  4,  1783 

Annapolis,  Md from  November  26,  1783,  to  June  3,  1784 

Trenton,  N.  J from  November  1,  1784,  to  December  24,  1784 

New  York  City from  January  11,  1785,  to  November  4,  1785 

New  York  City from  November  7,  1785,  to  November  3,  1786 

New  York  City from  November  6,  1786,  to  October  30,  1787 

New  York  City from  November  5,  1787,  to  October  21,  1788 

PRESIDENTS  OF  THE  CONGRESS. 

Peyton  Randolph,  of  Virginia elected  September  5,  1774 

Henry  Middleton,  of  South  Carolina elected  October  22,  1774 

Peyton  Pvandolph,1  of  Virginia elected  May  10,  1775 

John  Hancock,  of  Massachusetts elected  May  24.  1775 

Henry  Laurens,  of  South  Carolina elected  November  1,  1777 

John  Jay,  of  New  York elected  December  10,  1778 

Samuel  Huntington,  of  Connecticut elected  September  28,  1779 

Thomas  McKean,  of  Delaware elected  July  10,  1781 

John  Hanson,  of  Maryland elected  November  5,  1781 

Elias  Boudinpt,  of  New  Jersey elected  November  4,  1782 

Thomas  Mifflin,  of  Pennsylvania elected  November  3,  1783 

Richard  Henry  Lee,  of  Virginia elected  November  30,  1784 

John  Hancock,2  of  Massachusetts elected  November  23,  1785 

Nathaniel  Gorham,  of  Massachusetts elected  June  6,  1786 

Arthur  St.  Glair,  of  Pennsylvania .elected  February  2,  1787 

Cyrus  Griffin,  of  Virginia elected  January  22,  1788 

SECRETARY  OF  THE  CONGRESS. 
Charles  Thomson,  of  Pennsylvania elected  September  5,  1774 


DELEGATES  IN  THE  CONGRESS. 


Andrew  Adams 1777-1780 

Andrew  Adams 1781-1782 

Josiah  P.  Cook 1784-1788 

Silas  Deane 1774-1776 

Eliphalet  Dyer 1774-1779 

Eliphalet  Dyer 1780-1783 

Pierrepont  Edwards. .  .1787-1788 

Oliver  Ellsworth 1777-1784 

William  Hillhouse 1783-1786 

Titus  Hosmer 1775-1776 

Titus  Hosmer 1777-1779 

Benjamin  Huntington .  1780-1784 

« Died  October  22, 1775. 


CONNECTICUT. 

Benjamin  Huntington .  1787-1788 
Samuel  Huntington.  .  .1776-1784 
William  S.  Johnson.  .  .  1784-1787 

Richard  Law 1778-1778 

Richard  Law 1783-1784 

Stephen  M.  Mitchell. .  .1781-1784 
Stephen  M.  Mitchell..  .1785-1786 
Stephen  M.  Mitchell. .  .1787-1788 

Jesse  Root 1778-1783 

Roger  Sherman 1774-1784 

Joseph  Spencer 1778-1779 

Jedediah  Strong 1782-1784 

'Resigned  May  29, 1786,  never  having  served,  owing  to  continued  illness. 


Jonathan  Sturges 1774-1787 

John  Treadwell 1785-1786 

Joseph  Trumbull 1774-1775 

James  Wadsworth 1783-1784 

James  Wadsworth 1785-1786 

Jeremiah  Wadsworth.  .1787-1788 

William  Williams 1776-1778 

William  Williams 1783-1784 

Oliver  Wolcott 1775-1778 

Oliver  Wolcott. .         . .  1780-1784 


25 


26 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 


Gunning  Bedford 1783-1785 

Gunning  Bedford,  jr...  1785-1786 

John  Dickinson 1776-1777 

John  Dickinson 1779-1780 

Philemon  Dickinson. .  .1782-1783 

John  Evans 1776-1777 

Dyre  Kearney 1786-1788 

Eleazer  McComb . .     . .  1782-1784 


DELAWARE. 

Nathaniel  Mitchell  .  .  .  1786-1788 

Thomas  McKean 1774-1776 

Thomas  McKean 1778-1783 

John  Patton 1785-1786 

William  Peevy 1785-1786 

George  Read 1774-1777 

Casar  Rodney 1774-1776 

Caesar  Rodney 1777-1778 


Caesar  Rodney 1782-1784 

Thomas  Rodney 1781-1783 

Thomas  Rodney 1785-1787 

James  Sykes 1777-1778 

James  Tilton 1783-1785 

Nicholas  Van  Dyke....  1777-1782 

John  Vining 1784-1786 

Samuel  Wharton . .     . .  1782-1783 


Abraham  Baldwin 1785-1788 

Nathan  Brownson 1776-1778 

Archibald  Bullock 1775-1776 

Joseph  Clay 1778-1780 

William  Few 1780-1782 

William  Few 1785-1788 

William  Gibbons 1784-1786 

Button  Gwinnett 1776-1777 


GEORGIA. 

John  Habersham 1785-1786 

Lyman  Hall 1775-1779 

John  Houstoun 1775-1777 

William  Houstoun 1784-1787 

Richard  Howley 1780-1781 

Noble  Wimberly  Jones.  1775-1776 
Noble  Wimberly  Jones.  1781-1783 
Edward  Langworthy.  .1777-1779 


William  Pierce 1786-1787 

Edward  Telfair 1777-1779 

Edward  Telfair 1780-1783 

George  Walton 1776-1779 

George  Walton 1780-1781 

Joseph  Wood 1777-1779 

John  J.  Zubly 1775-1776 


Robert  Alexander 1775-1777 

William  Carmichael. .  .1778-1780 

Charles  Carroll 1776-1778 

Daniel  Carroll 1780-1784 

Jeremiah  T.  Chase 1783-1784 

Samuel  Chase 1774-1778 

Samuel  Chase 1784-1785 

Benjamin  Contee 1787-1788 

James  Forbes  > 1778-1780 

Uriah  Forrest 1786-1787 

Robert  Goldsborough. .  1774-1775 

John  Hall 1775-1776 

John  Hall 1783-1784 

John  Hanson . .  . .  1780-1783 


MARYLAND. 

William  Harrison 1785-1787* 

William  Hemslay 1782-1784 

John  Henry 1778-1781 

John  Henry 1784-1787 

William  Hmdman 1784-1787 

John  E.  Howard 1787-1788 

D.  Jenifer  of  St.Thomas  1778-1782 

Thomas  Johnson 1774-1777 

Thomas  Sim  Lee 1783-1784 

Edward  Lloyd 1783-1784 

Luther  Martin 1784-1785 

James  McHenry 1783-1786 

William  Paca 1774-1779 

George  Plater 1778-1781 


Richard  Potts 1781-1782 

Nathaniel  Ramsay 1785-1787 

Richard  Ridgely 1785-1786 

John  Rogers 1775-1776 

David  Ross 1786-1787 

Benjamin  Rumsey 1776-1778 

Gustavus  Scott 1784-1785 

Joshua  Seney 1787-1788 

William  Smith 1777-1778 

Thomas  Stone 1775-1779 

Thomas  Stone 1784-1785 

Matthew  Tilghman 1774-1777 

Turbett  Wright 1781-1782 


John  Adams 1774-1778 

Samuel  Adams 1774-1782 

Thomas  Gushing 1774-1776 

Francis  Dana 1776-1778 

Francis  Dana 1784-1784 

Nathan  Dane 1785-1788 

Elbridge  Gerry 1776-1781 

Elbridge  Gerry 1782-1785 

Nathaniel  Gorham 1782-1783 

Nathaniel  Gorham 1785-1787 


MASSACHUSETTS. 

John  Hancock 1 775-1780 

John  Hancock 1785-1786 

Stephen  Higginson 1782-1783 

Samuel  Holton 1778-1780 

Samuel  Holton 1782-1783 

Samuel  Holton 1784-1785 

Samuel  Holton 1786-1787 

Jonathan  Jackson 1782-1782 

Rufus  King 1784-1787 

James  Lovell 1776-1782 


John  Lowell 1782-1783 

Samuel  Osgood 1780-1784 

Samuel  A.  Otis 1787-1788 

Robert  Treat  Paine.  .  .  1774-1778 

George  Partridge 1779-1782 

George  Partridge 1783-1785 

Theodore  Sedgwick.. .  .1785-1788 

James  Sullivan 1782-1782 

George  Thacher 1787-1787 

Artemaa  Ward .  .         . .  1780-1781 


Josiah  Bartlett 1775-1779 

Jonathan  Blanchard. .  .1783-1784 

Nathaniel  Folsom 1774-1775 

Nathaniel  Folsom 1777-1778 

Nathaniel  Folsom 1779-1780 

Abiel  Foster 1783-1785 

George  Frost 1777-1779 

John  Taylor  Gilman. .  .1782-1783 


NEW  HAMPSHIRE. 

Nicholas  Gilman 1786-1788 

John  Langdon 1775-1777 

John  Langdon 1786-1787 

Woodbury  Langdon....  1779-1780 

Samuel  Livermore 1780-1783 

Samuel  Livermore 1785-1786 

Pierce  Long 1784-1786 

Nathaniel  Peabody. . . .  1779-1780 
i  Died  March  25, 1780. 


John  Sullivan 1774-1775 

John  Sullivan 1780-1781 

Matthew  Thornton 1776-1778 

John  Wentworth,  jr.. .  .1778-1779 

William  Whipple 1776-1779 

Phillips  White 1782-1783 

Paine  Wingate 1787-1788 


THE  CONTINENTAL  CONGRESS. 


27 


John  Beatty 1783-1785 

Elias  Boudmot 1777-1778 

Eliaa  Boudinot 1781-1784 

William  Burnett 1780-1781 

Lambert  Cad wallader..  1784-1787 

Abraham  Clark 1776-1782 

Abraham  Clark 1787-1788 

Silas  Condit 1781-1784 

John  Cooper 1776-1776 

Stephen  Crane 1774-1776 

Elias  Dayton 1787-1788 

Samuel  Dick  . .  . .  1783-1784 


NEW  JERSEY. 

Jonathan  Elmer 1776-1778 

Jonathan  Elmer 1781-1784 

Jonathan  Elmer 1787-1788 

John  Fell 1778-1780 

Fred'k  Frelinghuysen .  1778-1779 
Fred'k  Frelinghuysen.  1782-1783 

Thomas  Henderson 1779-1780 

John  Hart 1774-1776 

Francis  Hopkinson 1776-1777 

Josiah  Hornblower 1785-1786 

William  C.  Houston ...  1779-1782 
William  C.  Houston. .  .1784-1785 


James  Kinsey 1774-1775 

William  Livingston.  .  .1774-1776 

John  Neilson 1778-1779 

James  Scheurman 1786-1787 

Nathaniel  Scudder 1777-1779 

Jonathan  D.  Sergeant..  1776-1777 

Richard  Smith 1774-1776 

John  Stevens 1784-1784 

Archibald  Stewart 1784-1785 

Richard  Stockton 1776-1777 

John  C.  Symmes 1785-1786 

John  Witherspoon 1776-1783 


John  Alsop 1774-1776 

Egbert  Benson 1784-1785 

Egbert  Benson 1786-1788 

Simon  Boerum 1774-1777 

George  Clinton 1775-1777 

Charles  DeWitt 1783-1785 

James  Duane 1774-1784 

William  Duer 1777-1778 

William  Floyd 1774-1777 

William  Floyd 1778-1783 

Leonard  Gansevoort. . . .  1787-1788 
Alexander  Hamilton. . .  1782-1783 
Alexander  Hamilton..  .1787-1788 
John  Haring 1774-1775 


NEW  YORK. 

John  Haring 1785-1788 

John  Jay 1774-1777 

John  Jay 1778-1779 

John  Lansing 1784-1788 

John  Laurance 1785-1786 

Francis  Lewis 1774-1779 

Philip  Livingston 1774-1778 

Robert  R.  Livingston..  1775-1777 
Robert  R.  Livingston . .  1779-1781 
Walter  Livingston.  .  .  .  1784-1785 

Isaac  Low 1774-1775 

Ezra  L'Hommedieu.  ..1779-1783 
Ezra  L'Hommedieu. .  .1787-1788 
Gouverneur  Morris 1777-1780 


Lewis  Morris 1775-1777 

Alexander  McDougall .  1781-1782 
Alexander  McDougall.  1784-1785 

Ephraim  Paine 1784-1785 

Zephaniah  Platt 1784-1786 

Philip  Schuyler 1775-1777 

Philip  Schuyler 1778-1781 

John  Morin  Scott 1780-1783 

Melancthon  Smith 1785-1788 

Henry  Wisner 1774-1776 

Abraham  Yates,  jr 1787-1788 

Peter  W.  Yates 1785-1787 


John  B.  Ashe 1787-1788 

Timothy  Bloodworth .  .  1786-1787 

William  Blount 1782-1783 

William  Blount 1786-1787 

Thomas  Burke 1777-1781 

Robert  Burton 1787-1788 

Richard  Caswell 1774-1776 

William  Gumming 1784-1784 

Cornelius  Harnett 1777-1780 

Benjamin  Hawkins 1781-1784 


NORTH  CAROLINA. 

Benjamin  Hawkins 1786-1787 

Joseph  Hewes 1774-1777 

Joseph  Hewes  l 1779-1779 

Whitmil  Hill 1778-1781 

William  Hooper 1774-1777 

Samuel  Johnston 1780-1782 

Allen  Jones 1779-1780 

Willie  Jones 1780-1781 

Abner  Nash 1782-1784 

Abner  Nash 2 1785-1786 


John  Penn 1775-1776 

John  Penn 1777-1780 

John  Sitgreaves 1784-1785 

William  Sharpe 1779-1782 

Richard  D.  Spaight....  1783-1 785 

John  Swan 1787-1788 

John  Williams 1778-1779 

Hugh  Williamson 1782-1785 

Hugh  Williamson 1787-1788 

Alexander  White 1786-1788 


Andrew  Allen 1775-1776 

John  Armstrong 1778-1780 

John  Armstrong 1787-1788 

Samuel  Atlee 1778-1782 

John  Bayard 1785-1787 

Edward  Biddle 1774-1776 

Edward  Biddle 1778-1779 

William  Bingham 1787-1788 

Matthew  Clarkson 1785-1786 

William  Clingan 1777-1779 

George  Clymer 1776-1778 

George  Clymer 1780-1783 

Tench  Coxe 1787-1788 

John  Dickinson 1774-1776 

Thomas  Fitzsimmons.  .1782-1783 

Benjamin  Franklin 1775-1776 

Joseph  Galloway 1774-1775 

Joseph  Gardner 1784-1785 


PENNSYLVANIA. 

Edward  Hand 1784-1785 

William  Henry 1784-1786 

Charles  Humphreys . . .  1774-1776 

Jared  Ingersoll 1780-1781 

William  Irvine 1786-1788 

David  Jackson 1785-1786 

Timothy  Matlack 1780-1781 

James  McClene 1779-1780 

Samuel  Meredith 1787-1788 

Thomas  Mifflin 1774-1776 

Thomas  Mifflin 1782-1784 

Charles  Morris 1783-1784 

Robert  Morris 1776-1778 

Joseph  Montgomery . . .  1780-1784 

John  Morton 1774-1777 

Fred'k  A.  Muhlenberg.  1778-1780 

Richard  Peters 1782-1783 

Charles  Pettit 1785-1787 


James  Read 1787-1788 

Joseph  Reed 1777-1778 

Samuel  Rhodes 1774-1775 

Daniel  Roberdeau 1777-1779 

George  Ross 1774-1777 

Benjamin  Rush 1776-1777 

James  Searle 1778-1780 

William  Shippen 1778-1780 

James  Smith 1776-1778 

Jonathan  B.  Smith 1777-1778 

Thomas  Smith 1780-1782 

Arthur  St.  Clair 1785-1787 

George  Taylor 1776-1777 

Thomas  Willing 1775-1776 

James  Willson 1775-1778 

James  Willson 1782-1783 

James  Willson 1785-1787 

Henry  Wynkoop 1779-1783 


'  Died  November  10,  1779. 


3  Died  December  2,  1786. 


28 


Jonathan  Arnold 1782-1784 

Peleg  Arnold 1787-1789 

John  Collins 1778-1783 

Ezekiel  Cornell 1780-1783 

William  Ellery 1776-1781 

William  Ellery 1783-1785 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 

RHODE  ISLAND. 

Jonathan  J.  Hazard....  1787-1789 

Stephen  Hopkins 1774-1780 

David  Howell 1782-1785 

James  Manning 1785-1786 

Henry  Marchant 1777-1780 

Henry  Marchant 1783-1784 


Nathan  Miller 1785-1786 

Daniel  Mowry 1780-1782 

James  M.  Varnum 1780-1782 

James  M.  Varnum 1786-1787 

Samuel  Ward 1774-1776 


Thomas  Bee 1780-1782 

Richard  Beresford 1783-1785 

John  Bull 1784-1787 

Pierce  Butler 1787-1788 

William  H.  Drayton  '..  1778-1779 

Nicholas  Eveleigh 1781-1782 

Christopher  Gadsden.  .1774-1776 

John  L.  Gervais 1782-1783 

Thomas  Heyward,  jr...  1776-1778 

Daniel  Huger 1786-1788 

Richard  Hutson 1778-1779 


SOUTH  CAROLINA. 

Ralph  Izard 1782-1783 

John  Kean 1785-1787 

Francis  Kinloch 1780-1781 

Henry  Laurens 1777-1780 

Thomas  Lynch 1774-1776 

Thomas  Lynch,  jr 1776-1777 

John  Matthews 1778-1782 

Arthur  Middleton 1776-1778 

Arthur  Middleton 1781-1783 

Henry  Middleton 1774-1776 

Isaac  Motte 1780-1782- 


John  Parker 1786-1788 

Charles  Pinckney 1777-1778 

Charles  Pinckney 1784-1787 

David  Ramsay 1782-1784 

David  Ramsay 1785-1786 

Jacob  Read 1783-1785 

Edward  Rutledge 1774-1777 

John  Rutledge 1774-1777 

John  Rutledge 1782-1783 

Paul  Trapier 1777-1778 

Thomas  T.  Tucker 1787-1788 


Thomas  Adams 1778-1780 

John  Banister 1778-1779 

Richard  Bland 1774-1775 

Theodoric  Bland 1780-1783 

Carter  Braxton 1776-1776 

•  John  Brown 1787-1788 

Edward  Carrington 1785-1786 

William  Fitzhugh 1779-1780 

William  Fleming 1779-1781 

William  Grayson 1784-1787 

Cyrus  Griffin 1778-1781 

Cyrus  Griffin 1787-1788 

Samuel  Hardy  3 1783-1785 

Benjamin  Harrison 1774-1778 

i  Died  September  3,1779. 


VIRGINIA. 

John  Harvie 1777-1779 

James  Henry 1780-1781 

Patrick  Henry 1774-1776 

Thomas  Jefferson 1775-1776 

Thomas  Jefferson 1783-1785 

Joseph  Jones 1777-1778 

Joseph  Jones 1780-1783 

Arthur  Lee 1781-1784 

Francis  Lightfoot  Lee.. 1775-1780 

Henry  Lee 1785-1788 

Richard  Henry  Lee.... 1774-1780 
Richard  Henry  Lee.... 1784-1787 

James  Madison,  jr 1780-1783 

James  Madison,  jr 1786-1788 

a  Died  October  22, 1775. 


James  Mercer 1779-1780 

John  F.  Mercer 1782-1785 

James  Monroe 1783-1786 

Thomas  Nelson 1775-1777 

Thomas  Nelson 1779-1780 

Mann  Page 1777-1777 

Edmund  Pendleton.  ..1774-1775 
Edmund  Randolph....  1779-1782 

Peyton  Randolph  2 1774-1775 

Merewether  Smith 1778-1782 

George  Washington 1774-1775 

George  Wythe 1775-1777 


Died  October  17, 1785. 


REPRESENTATIVES  UNDER  EACH  APPORTIONMENT. 


States. 

Constitutional  appor- 
tionment. 

First  Census,  1790. 

8 

00 

a 

Third  Census,  1810. 

Fourth  Census,  1820. 

Fifth  Census,  1830. 

Sixth  Census,  1840. 

Seventh  Census,  1850. 

Eighth  Census,  1860. 

Ninth  Census,  1870. 

Tenth  Census,  1880. 

I 

3 

1 

— 

Twelfth  Census,  1900. 

Thirteenth  Census, 
1910. 

Alabama  

1 

3 

5 

7 

7 

6 

8 

8 

9 

9 

10 

Arizona  

1 

Arkansas 

1 

1 

2 

3 

4 

5 

6 

7 

7 

California  

2 

2 

3 

4 

6 

7 

8 

11 

Colorado  

1 

1 

2 

3 

4 

Connecticut  

5 

7 

7 

7 

6 

6 

4 

4 

4 

4 

4 

4 

5 

5 

Delaware  

1 

1 

1 

2 

1 

I 

1 

1 

1 

1 

1 

1 

1 

1 

Florida  

1 

1 

1 

2 

2 

2 

3 

4 

Georgia  

3 

2 

4 

6 

7 

9 

8 

8 

7 

9 

10 

11 

11 

12 

Idaho  

1 

1 

1 

2 

Illinois  

1 

1 

3 

7 

9 

14 

19 

20 

22 

25 

27 

Indiana  

J 

3 

7 

10 

11 

11 

13 

13 

13 

13 

13 

Iowa  

2 

2 

6 

9 

11 

11 

11 

11 

Kansas  

1 

3 

7 

8 

8 

8 

Kentucky  

2 

6 

10 

12 

13 

10 

10 

9 

10 

11 

11 

11 

11 

Louisiana  

1 

3 

3 

4 

4 

5 

6 

6 

6 

7 

8 

Maine  

7 

7 

8 

7 

6 

5 

5 

4 

4 

4 

4 

Maryland  

6 

8 

9 

9 

9 

8 

6 

6 

5 

6 

6 

6 

6 

6 

Massachusetts  

8 

14 

17 

13 

13 

12 

10 

11 

10 

11 

12 

13 

14 

16 

Michigan  

1 

3 

4 

6 

9 

11 

12 

12 

13 

Minnesota  

2 

2 

3 

5 

7 

9 

10 

Mississippi  

1 

1 

2 

4 

5 

5 

6 

7 

7 

8 

8 

Missouri  

1 

2 

5 

7 

9 

13 

14 

15 

16 

16 

Montana  

1 

1 

1 

2 

Nebraska  

1 

1 

3 

6 

6 

6 

Nevada  
New  Hampshire  

3 

4 

5 

6 

6 

5 

4 

3 

3 

3 

2 

2 

2 

2 

New  Jersey  

4 

5 

6 

6 

6 

6 

5 

5 

5 

7 

7 

8 

10 

12 

New  Mexico  

1 

New  York  

6 

10 

17 

27 

34 

40 

34 

33 

31 

33 

34 

34 

37 

43 

North  Carolina  

5 

10 

12 

13 

13 

13 

9 

8 

7 

8 

9 

9 

10 

10 

North  Dakota  

1 

1 

2 

3 

Ohio  

1 

6 

14 

19 

21 

21 

19 

20 

21 

21 

21 

22 

Oklahoma  

5 

8 

Oregon.  . 

1 

1 

1 

1 

2 

2 

3 

Pennsylvania  

8 

13 

18 

23 

26 

28 

24 

25 

24 

27 

28 

30 

32 

36 

Rhode  Island  

1 

2 

2 

2 

2 

2 

2 

2 

2 

2 

2 

2 

2 

3 

South  Carolina  

5 

6 

8 

9 

9 

9 

7 

6 

4 

5 

7 

7 

7 

7 

South  Dakota  

2 

2 

2 

3 

Tennessee  

1 

3 

6 

9 

13 

11 

10 

8 

10 

10 

10 

10 

10 

Texas  

2 

2 

4 

6 

11 

13 

16 

•     18 

Utah  

1 

1 

2 

Vermont  

2 

4 

6 

5 

5 

4 

3 

3 

3 

2 

2 

2 

2 

Virginia  

10 

19 

22 

23 

22 

21 

15 

13 

11 

9 

10 

10 

10 

10 

Washington  

1 

2 

3 

5 

West  Virginia  

3 

4 

4 

5 

6 

Wisconsin  

2 

3 

6 

8 

9 

10 

11 

11 

Wyoming... 

1 

1 

1 

1 

Total  

65 

106 

142 

186 

213 

242 

232 

237 

243 

293 

332 

357 

391 

435 

The  following  representation  was  added  after  the  several  census  apportionments  indicated  and  is 
included  in  the  above  table: 


First— Tennessee,  1. 

Second— Ohio,  1. 

Third— Alabama,  1;  Illinois,  1;  Indiana,  1;  Louisiana,  1; 
Maine,  7;  Mississippi,  1. 

Fifth— Arkansas,  1;  Michigan,  1. 

Sixth— California,  2;  Florida,!;  Iowa,  2;  Texas,  2;  Wis- 
consin, 2. 

Seventh— Massachusetts,  1;  Minnesota,  2;  Oregon,  1. 

Eighth— Illinois,  1;  Iowa,  1;  Kentucky,  1;  Minnesota,  1; 
Nebraska,  1;  Nevada,  1;  Ohio,  1;  Pennsylvania,  1;  Rhode 
Island,  1;  Vermont,  1. 

Ninth— Alabama,  1;  Colorado,!;  Florida,  1;  Indiana,  1; 
Louisiana,  1;  New  Hampshire,  1;  New  York,  1;  Pennsyl- 
vania, 3;  Tennessee,  l;  Vermont,  1. 


Tenth— Idaho,  1;  Montana,  1;  North  Dakota,  1;  South 
Dakota,  2;  Washington,!;  Wyoming,!. 

Eleventh— Utah,  1. 

Twelfth— Oklahoma,  5. 

Thirteenth — Alabama,!;  Arizona,!;  California,  3;  Colo- 
rado, 1;  Florida,  1;  Georgia,  1;  Idaho,  1;  Illinois,  2;  Louisi- 
ana, 1:  Massachusetts^;  Michigan,!;  Minnesota,!;  Montana, 
1 ;  New  Jersey,  2;  New  Mexico,  1;  New  York,  6;  North  Dakota, 
1;  Ohio,!;  Oklahoma,  3;  Oregon,!;  Pennsylvania,  4;  Rhode 
Island,!;  South  Dakota,!;  Texas,  2:  Utah,  1;  Washington. 
2;  West  Virginia,  1. 


29 


FIRST  CONGRESS. 


MARCH  4,  1789,  TO  MARCH  3,  1791. 


FIRST  SESSION— March  4,1  1789,  to  September  29,  1789.     SECOND  SESSION— January 
4,  1790,  to  August  12,  1790.    THIRD  SESSION— December  6,  1790,  to  March  3,  1791. 


VICE-PRESIDENT— John  Adams,  of  Massachusetts.  PRESIDENT  OF  THE  SENATE  PRO 
TEMPORE— John  Langdon,2  of  New  Hampshire.  SECRETARY  OF  THE  SENATE— Samuel  A. 
Otis,3  of  Massachusetts. 

SPEAKER  OF  THE  HOTTSE— Frederick  A.  Muhlenberg,  of  Pennsylvania.  CLERK  OF  THE 
HOUSE— John  Beckley,  of  Virginia. 


CONNECTICUT. 

SENATORS. 

Oliver  Ellsworth.4  William  S.  Johnson. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

Benjamin  Huntington.        .  Jonathan  Trumbull. 

Roger  Sherman.  Jeremiah  Wadsworth. 

Jonathan  Sturges. 

DELAWARE. 

SENATORS. 

Richard  Basse tt.  George  Read. 

REPRESENTATIVE . 

John  Vining. 
GEORGIA. 

SENATORS. 

William  Few.  James  Gunn. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

Abraham  Baldwin.  George  Matthews. 

James  Jackson. 

MARYLAND. 

SENATORS. 

John  Henry.  Charles  Carroll,  of  Carrollton. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

Daniel  Carroll.  Joshua  Seney. 

Benjamin  Con  tee.  William  Smith. 

George  Gale.  Michael  Jenifer  Stone. 

1  Neither  a  quorum  of  the  Senate  nor  of  the  House  of  Repre-  2  Elected  April  (>,  1789. 

sentatives  appeared  in  their  respective  chambers  on  Wednes-  3  Elected  April  8,  1789. 

day,  March  4,  1789.    But  eight  Senators  appeared  and  the  *  On  May  15, 1789,  the  Senate  determined  by  lot  the  classes 

minority  adjourned  from  day  to  day  until  Monday,  April  6,  into  which  the  membership  should  be  divided  agreeably  to 

when  a  quorum  of  the  Senate  was  first  present.    Thirteen  paragraph  2,  section  3,  of  Article  I  of  the  Constitution,  asfol- 

membersof  the  House  of  Representatives  appeared  on  March  4  lows:  Class  1.  whose  terms  should  expire  March  3,  1791 — 

and  a  quorum  was  not  present  until  April  1,  when  the  body  Messrs.  Carroll,  Dalton,  Ellsworth,  Elmer,  Maclay,  Read,  and 

proceeded  to  the  transaction  of  business.    When  both  Houses  Grayson;  class  2,  whose  terms  should  expire  March  3,  1793 — 

were  organized,  on  April  6,  they  met  in  joint  convention,  in  Messrs.   Bassett,  Butler,   Few,   Lee,  Strong,   Paterson,  and 

the  hall  of  the  Senate,  and  proceeded  to  open  and  count  the  Wingate;  class  3,  whose  terms  should  expire  March  3,  1795^- 

electoral  vote  for  President  and  Vice-President.    John  Adams.  Messrs.  Gunn,  Henry,  Johnson,  Izard,  Langdon,  and  Morris, 
the  Vice-President-elect,  appeared  in  the  Senate  Chamber  and 
assumed  the  duties  of  the  chair  on  Tuesday,  April  21, 1789. 
30 


Tristram  Dal  ton. 


Fisher  Ames. 
Elbridge  Gerry. 
Benjamin  Goodhue. 
Jonathan  Grout. 


John  Langdon. 


Abiel  Foster. 
Nicholas  Gilman. 


Jonathan  Elmer. 


Elias  Boudinot. 
Lambert  Cadwalader. 


Rufus  King.5 


Egbert  Benson. 
William  Floyd. 
John  Hathorn.7 


Benjamin  Hawkins.10 


John  Baptist  Ashe.12 
Timothy  Bloodworth.13 
John  Sevier.14 


William  Maclay. 


George  Clymer. 
Thomas  Fitzsimons. 
Thomas  Hartley. 
Daniel  Heister. 


FIRST   CONGRESS. 
MASSACHUSETTS. 

SENATORS. 
REPRESENTATIVES. 


31 


Caleb  Strong. 


George  Leonard. 
George  Partridge.1 
Theodore  Sedgwick. 
George  Thacher. 


NEW  HAMPSHIRE. 

SENATORS. 
EEPRESENTATIVE8. 

NSW  JERSEY. 

SENATORS. 
REPRESENTATIVES.4 

NEW  YORK. 

SENATORS. 
REPRESENTATIVES. 

NORTH  CAROLINA. 
/ 

SENATORS. 
REPRESENTATIVES. 

PENNSYLVANIA. 


Paine  Wingate. 


Samuel  Liver  more. 


William  Paterson.2 
Philemon  Dickinson.3 


Thomas  Sinnickson. 
James  Schureman. 


Philip  Schuyler.6 

John  Laurance. 
Peter  Silvester.8 
Jeremiah  Van  Rensselaer. 


Samuel  Johnston.11 

John  Steele.15 
Hugh  Williamson.16 


SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


Robert  Morris. 


Frederick  A.  Muhlenberg. 
John  Peter  G.  Muhlenberg. 
Thomas  Scott. 
Henry  Wynkoop. 


1  Resigned  August  14,  1790. 

2  Resigned  March  2,  1790,  having  been  elected  governor. 

3  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  in  term  ending  March  3, 1793,  caused 
by  resignation  of  William  Paterson,  and  took  his  seat  Decem- 
ber (i,  1790. 

4  The  election  of  all  four  representatives  was  contested,  but 
owing  to  the  burning  of  the  papers  and  documents  from 
the  First  to  the  Sixth  Congress,  by  the  British  in  1814,  it  is 
not  possible  to  ascertain  the  grounds  upon  which  the  contest 
was  based.    It  is  known  that  it  related  to  questions  of  regu- 
larity and  procedure,  and  that  the  decision  was  favorable  to 
the  sitting  Members. 

5  Took  his  seat  July  25,  1789;  term  to  expire,  as  determined 
by  lot,  March  3, 1795. 


« Took  his  seat  July  27,  1789;  term  to  expire  as  determined 
by  lot,  March  3,  1791. 

7  Took  his  seat  April  23, 1789. 

8  Took  his  seat  April  22, 1789. 

9  Took  his  seat  May  9, 1789. 

">  Took  his  seat  January  13,  1790;  term  to  expire,  as  deter- 
mined by  lot,  March  3,  1795. 

1  Took  his  seat  January  29,  1790;  term  to  expire,  as  deter- 
m  ned  by  lot,  March  3,  1793. 

2  Took  his  seat  March  24, 1790. 

3  Took  his  seat  April  C,  1790. 
*  Took  his  seat  June  16,  1790. 

5  Took  his  seat  April  19,  1790. 

6  Took  his  seat  March  19,  1790. 


32 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 


Theodore  Foster.1 


Pierce  Butler. 


^Edanus  Burke. 
Daniel  Huger. 
William  Smith.4 


William  Gray  son.5 
John  Walker.6 
James  Monroe.7 


Theodoric  Bland.8 
William  B.  Giles.' 
John  Brown. 
Isaac  Coles. 
Richard  Bland  Lee. 
James  Madison,  jr. 


RHODE  ISLAND. 

SENATORS. 
REPRESENTATIVE . 

Benjamin  Bourn.3 
SOUTH  CAROLINA. 

SENATORS. 
REPRESENTATIVES. 

VIRGINIA. 


Joseph  Stanton,  jr.2 


Ralph  Izard. 


Thomas  Sumter. 
Thomas  Tudor  Tucker. 


SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


Richard  Henry  Lee. 


Andrew  Moore. 
John  Page. 
Josiah  Parker. 
Alexander  White. 
Samuel  Griffin. 


1  Took  his  seat  June  25, 1790;  term  to  expire,  as  determined 
by  lot,  March  3, 1791. 

»  Took  his  seat  June  25, 1790;  term  to  expire,  as  determined 
by  lot,  March  3, 1793. 

»  Took  his  seat  December  17, 1790. 

4  Election  unsuccessfully  contested  by  David  Ramsay. 

'  Died  March  12, 1790. 


« Appointed  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  death  of  William 
Grayson,  and  took  his  seat  April  26, 1790. 

'  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  death  of  William  Gray- 
son,  and  took  his  seat  December  6, 1790. 

s  Died  June  1,1790. 

9  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  death  of  Theodoric 
Bland,  and  took  his  seat  December  7, 1790. 


SECOND  CONGRESS. 


MARCH  4,  1791,  TO  MARCH  3,  1793. 


FIRST  SESSION— October  24,  1791,  to  May  8,  1792.     SECOND  SESSION— November  5, 
1792,  to  March  2,  1793.     SPECIAL  SESSION  OF  THE   SENATE— March  4,  1791,  for 

one  day  only. 


VICE  PRESIDENT— John  Adams,  of  Massachusetts.  PRESIDENTS  OF  THE  SENATE  PRO 
TEMPORE— Richard  Henry  Lee,1  of  Virginia;  John  Langdon,2  of  New  Hampshire.  SECRETARY 
OF  THE  SENATE— Samuel  A.  Otis,  of  Massachusetts. 

SPEAKER  OF  THE  HOUSE— Jonathan  Trumbull,3  of  Connecticut.  CLERK  OF  THE 
HOUSE— John  Beckley,  of  Virginia. 


Oliver  Ellsworth. 


James  Hillhouse. 
Amasa  Learned. 
Jonathan  Sturges. 


Richard  Bassett. 


William  Few: 

Abraham  Baldwin. 
Francis  Willis. 


John  Edwards.9 
Alexander  D.  Orr.11 


CONNECTICUT. 

SENATORS. 
REPRESENTATIVES. 

DELAWARE. 

SENATORS. 
REPRESENTATIVE. 

John  fining. 
GEORGIA. 

SENATORS. 
REPRESENTATIVES. 

KENTUCKY.8 

SENATORS. 
REPRESENTATIVES. 


William  S.  Johnson.4 
Roger  Sherman.6 

Jonathan  Trumbull. 
Jeremiah  Wadsworth. 


George  Read. 


James  Gunn. 

Anthony  Wayne. 
John  Milledge.7 


John  Brown.10 


Christopher  Greenup.12 


i  Elected  April  18,  1792. 

a  Elected  November  5,  1792,  and  March  1,  1793. 

»  Elected  October  24. 1791 . 

«  Resigned  March  4,  1791 . 

6  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  William  S. 
Johnson,  and  took  his  seat  October  24,  1791. 

8  Served  until  March  21, 1792;  election  contested  by  James 
Jackson,  and,  by  separate  resolutions,  it  was  determined 
that  neither  was  entitled  to  the  seat. 

50346°— S.  Doc.  654,  61-2 3 


7  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  declaring  the  seat  of 
Anthony  Wayne  vacant,  and  took  his  seat  November  22, 1792. 

8  Admitted  as  a  State  into  the  Union  June  1, 1792. 

»  Took  his  seat  November  5, 1792;  term  to  expire,  as  deter- 
mined by  lot,  March  3, 1795. 

10  Took  his  seat  November  5, 1792;  term  to  expire,  as  deter- 
mined by  lot,  March  3,  1793. 

11  Took  his  seat  November's,  1792. 
»*  Took  his  seat  November  9,  1792. 

33 


34 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 


John  Henry. 


Philip  B.  Key. 
William  Pinkney.3 
John  Francis  Mercer.4 
William  Vans  Murray. 


Caleb  Strong. 

Fisher  Ames. 
Shearjashub  Bourne. 
Elbridge  Gerry. 
Benjamin  Goodhue. 


John  Langdon. 

Nicholas  Gilman. 
Samuel  Livermore. 


Philemon  Dickinson. 


Elias  Boudinot. 
Abraham  Clark. 


Rufus  King. 

Egbert  Benson. 
James  Gordon . 
John  Laurance. 
James  Townsend.7 


Benjamin  Hawkins. 

John  Baptist  Ashe. 
William  Barry  Grove. 
Nathaniel  Macon. 


Robert  Morris. 


William  Findley. 
Thomas  Fitzsimons. 
Andrew  Gregg. 
Thomas  Hartley. 


MARYLAND. 

SENATORS. 
REPRESENTATIVES. 


MASSACHUSETTS. 

SENATORS. 
REPRESENTATIVES. 


NEW  HAMPSHIRE. 

SENATORS. 
REPRESENTATIVES. 

NEW  JERSEY. 

SENATORS. 
REPRESENTATIVES. 

NEW  YORK. 

SENATORS. 
REPRESENTATIVES. 


Charles  Carroll,  of  Carrollton.1 
Richard  Potts.2 


Joshua  Seney.5 
William  Hindman.6 
Upton  Sheridine. 
Samuel  Sterrett. 


George  Cabot. 

Theodore  Sedgwick. 
George  Thacher. 
Artemas  Ward. 


Paine  Wingate. 
Jeremiah  Smith. 

John  Rutherford. 


Jonathan  Dayton. 
Aaron  Kitchell. 


Aaron  Burr. 

Cornelius  C.  Schoonmaker. 
Peter  Silvester. 
Thomas  Tredwell. 


NORTH  CAROLINA. 


SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


PENNSYLVANIA. 


SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


Samuel  Johnston. 

John  Steel  e. 
Hugh  Williamson. 


Vacant.8 


Daniel  Heister. 
Israel  Jacobs. 
John  W.  Kittera. 
Frederick  A.  Muhlenberg. 


'  Resigned  November  30, 1792. 

2  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  Charles 
Carroll,  of  Carrollton,  and  took  his  seat  February  4,  1793. 

3  Resigned  in  November,  1791,  the  question  of  ineligibility 
owing  to  his  residence  being  raised. 

4  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  William 
Pinkney,  and  took  his  seat  February  C,  1792. 


5  Resigned  May  1, 1792. 

6  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of   Joshua 
Seney,  and  took  his  seat  January  30, 1793. 

i  Died  in  May,  1791. 

8  Credentials  of  Albert  Gallatin  were  filed  February  28, 1793, 
and  were  ordered  to  lie  on  the  files;  no  action  was  taken  upon 
them  during  the  Congress. 


Theodore  Foster. 


Pierce  Butler. 


Robert  Barnwell. 
Daniel  Huger. 
William  Smith. 


Moses  Robinson.2 
Nathaniel  Niles.4 


Richard  Henry  Lee.5 
John  Taylor.6 

John  Brown. 
William  B.  Giles. 
Samuel  Griffin. 
Richard  Bland  Lee. 
James  Madison. 


SECOND   CONGRESS. 
RHODE  ISLAND. 

SENATORS. 
REPRESENTATIVE. 

Benjamin  Bourn. 
SOUTH  CAROLINA. 

SENATORS. 
REPRESENTATIVES. 

VERMONT.1 

SENATORS. 
REPRESENTATIVES 

VIRGINIA. 

SENATORS. 
REPRESENTATIVES. 


35 


Joseph  Stanton,  jr. 


Ralph  Izard. 


Thomas  Sumter. 
Thomas  Tudor  Tucker. 


Stephen  R.  Bradley.3 
Israel  Smith.4 

James  Monroe. 


Andrew  Moore. 
John  Page. 
Josiah  Parker. 
Abraham  B.  Venable. 
Alexander  White. 


1  Admitted  as  a  State  into  the  Union  March  4,  1791. 

"  Took  his  seat  October  31,  1791;  term  to  expire,  as  deter- 


minedbj 


;     Fm 


P     ' 


«  Took  his  seat  October  31,  1791. 
5  Resigned  October  8,  1792. 

«  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  Richard 
Henry  Lee,  and  took  his  seat  December  12, 1792. 


THIRD  CONGRESS. 


MARCH  4,  1793,  TO  MARCH  3,  1795. 


FIRST  SESSION— December  2,  1793,  to  June  9,  1794.  SECOND  SESSION— NoYember  3, 
1794,  to  March  3,  1795.  SPECIAL  SESSION  OF  THE  SENATE— March  4,  1793,  for 
one  day  only. 

VICE  PRESIDENT— John  Adams,  of  Massachusetts.— PRESIDENTS  OF  THE  SENATE  PRO 
TEMPORE — Ralph  Izard,'  of  South  Carolina;  Henry  Tazewell,2  of  Virginia.  SECRETARY  OF  THE 
SENATE— Samuel  A.  Otis,  of  Massachusetts. 

SPEAKER  OF  THE  HOUSE— Frederick  A.  Muhlenberg,  of  Pennsylvania.  CLERK  OF  THE 
HOUSE— John  Beckley,  of  Virginia. 


Oliver  Ellsworth. 


Joshua  Coit. 
James  Hillhouse. 
Amasa  Learned. 
Zephaniah  Swift. 


George  Read.5 
Henry  Latimer.6 


John  Patton.7 

Jamea  Gunn. 
Abraham  Baldwin. 

John  Edwards. 
Christopher  Greenup. 


CONNECTICUT. 

SENATORS. 
REPRESENTATIVES. 


DELAWARE. 

SENATORS. 
REPRESENTATIVES . 

GEORGIA. 

SENATORS. 
REPRESENTATIVES . 

KENTUCKY. 

SENATORS. 
REPRESENTATIVES. 


Roger  Sherman.3 
Stephen  Mix  Mitchell.4 


Uriah  Tracy. 
Jonathan  Trumbull. 
Jeremiah  Wadsworth. 


John  Vining. 
Henry  Latimer.8 

James  Jackson. 
Thomas  P.  Carnes. 

John  Brown. 
Alexander  D.  Orr. 


1  Elected  May  31,  1794.  Samuel  Livermore  was  elected 
February  20,  1795,  but  declined. 

»  Elected  February  20,  1795. 

»  Died  July  23, 1793. 

4  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  death  of  Roger  Sherman, 
and  took  his  seat  December  2,  1793. 

&  Resigned  September  18, 1793. 

•  Elected  to  nil  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  George 
Read,  and  took  his  seat  February  2~8,  1795.  Kensey  Johns 
was  appointed  to  fill  the  vacancy  thus  caused,  March  19, 1794. 

36 


His  credentials  were  presented  March  24,  1794,  but  he  was 
not  permitted  to  qualify;  March  28,  1794,  the  Senate  declared 
he  was  not  entitled  to  the  seat;  vacancy  in  this  class  from 
September  18,  1793,  to  February  7,  1795. 

i  Served  until  February  14,  1794;  succeeded  by  Henry 
Latimer,  who  contested  hfe  election. 

8  Successfully  contested  the  election  of  John  Patton,  and 
took  his  seat  February  14,  1794.  Resigned  February  7, 1795, 
having  been  elected  Senator. 


THIBD   CONGRESS. 


37 


John  Henry. 


Gabriel  Christie. 
George  Dent. 
John  F.  Mercer. l 
Gabriel  Duvall.2 
William  Vans  Murray. 


Caleb  Strong. 


Fisher  Ames. 
Shearjashub  Bourne. 
David  Cobb. 
Peleg  Coffin,  jr. 
Henry  Dearborn. 
Samuel  Dexter,  jr. 
Dwight  Foster. 


MARYLAND. 

SENATORS. 
REPRESENTATIVES. 


Richard  Potts. 


Uriah  Forrest.3 
Benjamin  Edwards.4 
William  Hindman. 
Samuel  Smith. 
Thomas  Sprigg. 


MASSACHUSETTS. 


SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


George  Cabot. 


Benjamin  Goodhue. 
Samuel  Hoi  ten. 
William  Lyman. 
Theodore  Sedgwick. 
George  Thacher. 
Peleg  Wadsworth. 
Artemas  Ward. 


NEW  HAMPSHIRE. 


John  Langdon. 


Nicholas  Gilman. 
John  S.  Sherburne. 


SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


NEW  JERSEY. 


Samuel  Livermore. 


Jeremiah  Smith. 
Paine  Wingate. 


John  Rutherford. 


John  Beatty. 
Elias  Boudmot. 
Lambert  Cadwallader. 


Aaron  Burr. 

Theodorus  Bailey. 
Peter  Van  Gaasbeck. 
Ezekiel  Gilbert. 
James  Gordon. 
Henry  Glenn. 


SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


NEW   YORK. 


SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


Frederick  Frelinghuysen. 


Abraham  Clark.5 
Aaron  Kitchell.6 
Jonathan  Dayton. 


Rufus  King. 

Silas  Talbot. 
Thomas  Tredwell. 
John  E.  Van  Allen.7 
Philip  Van  Cortlandt. 
John  Watts. 


NORTH  CAROLINA. 


Benjamin  Hawkins. 


Thomas  Blount. 
William  Johnston  Dawson . 
James  Gillespie. 
William  Barry  Grove. 
Matthew  Locke. 


SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


Alexander  Martin . 


Nathaniel  Macon. 
Joseph  McDowell. 
Alexander  Mebane. 
Benjamin  Williams. 
Joseph  Winston. 


1  Resigned  April  13, 1794. 

*  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  John  F. 
Mercer  and  took  his  seat  November  11,  1794. 

3  Resigned  November  8,  1794. 

4  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  Uriah 
Forrest,  and  took  his  seat  January  2,  1795. 


6  Died  December  15, 1794. 

•  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  death  of  Abraham  Clark, 
and  took  his  seat  January  29, 1795. 

'  Election  unsuccessfully  contested  by  Henry  K.  Van  Rens- 
elaer. 


38 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 


Robert  Morris. 


James  Armstrong. 
William  Findley. 
Thomas  Fitzsimons. 
Andrew  Gregg. 
Thomas  Hartley. 
Daniel  Heister. 
William  Irvine. 


Theodore  Foster. 


Benjamin  Bourn. 


Pierce  Butler. 


Lemuel  Benton. 
Alexander  Gillon.3 
Robert  Goodloe  Harper.4 
John  Hunter. 


Moses  Robinson. 
Nathaniel  Niles. 


James  Monroe.5 
Stephens  T.  Mason. e 


Isaac  Coles. 
Thomas  Claiborne. 
William  B.  Giles. 
Samuel  Griffin. 
George  Hancock. 
Carter  B.  Harrison. 
John  Heath. 
Richard  Bland  Lee. 
James  Madison. 
Andrew  Moore. 


PENNSYLVANIA. 


SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


Albert  Gallatin.1 
James  Ross.2 


John  Wilkes  Kittera. 
William  Montgomery. 
Frederick  A.  Muhlenberg. 
John  Peter  G.  Muhlenberg. 
Thomas  Scott. 
John  Smilie. 


RHODE  ISLAND. 

SENATORS. 
REPRESENTATIVES. 

SOUTH  CAROLINA. 

SENATORS. 
REPRESENTATIVES. 

VERMONT. 

SENATORS. 
REPRESENTATIVES. 

VIRGINIA. 

SENATORS. 
REPRESENTATIVES. 


William  Bradford. 


Francis  Malbone. 


Ralph  Izard. 


Andrew  Pickens. 
William  Smith. 
Richard  Wynn. 


Stephen  R.  Bradley. 
Israel  Smith. 


John  Taylor.7 
Henry  Tazewell.8 


Joseph  Neville. 
Anthony  New. 
John  Nicholas. 
John  Page. 
Josiah  Parker. 
Francis  Preston  .9 
Robert  Rutherford. 
Abraham  Venable. 
Francis  Walker. 


TERRITORY  SOUTH  OF  THE  RIVER  OHIO.1 

DELEGATE. 

James  White.11 


1  Credentials  presented  in  preceding  Congress;  took  his  seat 
December  2,  1793;  served  until  February  28, 1794,  when  the 
election  was  declared  void,  "  he  not  having  been  a  citizen  of  the 
United  States  the  term  of  years  required  bv  the  Constitution." 

2  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  the  Senate  declaring  the 
ejection  of  Albert  Gallatin  void,  and  took  his  seat  April  24, 1794. 

3  Died  October  6,  1794. 

4Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  death  of  Alexander  Gil- 
lon, and  took  his  seat  February  9, 1795. 

6  Resigned  November  18,  1794,  having  been  appointed  min- 
ister plenipotentiary  to  France. 


6  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  the  resignation  of  Jam«« 
Monroe,  but  did  not  take  his  seat  until  June  8,  1795,  in  the 
succeeding  Congress. 

'  Resigned  May  11,  1794. 

8  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  John  Tay- 
lor, and  took  his  seat  December  29,  1794. 

9  Election  unsuccessfully  contested  by  Abraham  Trigg. 

10  Created  a  district  for  the  purposes  of  temporary  govern- 
ment by  act  approved  May  2(>,  1790. 

11  Took  his  seat  November  18, 1794. 


FOURTH  CONGRESS. 


MARCH  4,  1795,  TO  MARCH  3,  1797. 


FIRST  SESSION— December  7,  1795,  to  June  1,  1796.  SECOND  SESSION— December  5, 
1796,  to  March  3,  1797.  SPECIAL  SESSION  OF  THE  SENATE-June  8,  1795,  to 
June  26,  1795. 


VICE  PRESIDENT— John  Adams,  of  Massachusetts.     PRESIDENTS  OF  THE  SENATE  PRO 
TEMPORE — Henry  Tazewell,1  of  Virginia ;  Samuel  Livermore,2  of  New  Hampshire ;  William  Bingham, 
of  Pennsylvania.     SECRETARY  OF  THE  SENATE — Samuel  A.  Otis,  of  Massachusetts. 

SPEAKER  OF  THE  HOUSE— Jonathan  Dayton,  of  New  Jersey.     CLERK  OF  THE  HOUSE— 
John  Beckley,  of  Virginia. 


Oliver  Ellsworth.4 
James  Hillhouse.5 


Joshua  Coit. 
Chauncey  Goodrich. 
Roger  Griswold. 
James  Hillhouse.8 
James  Davenport.9 


John  Vining. 


James  Gunn. 


Abraham  Baldwin. 


CONNECTICUT. 

SENATORS. 
REPRESENTATIVES. 


DELAWARE. 

SENATORS. 
REPRESENTATIVE. 

John  Patton. 
GEORGIA. 

SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


Jonathan  Trumbull.8 
Uriah  Tracy.7 

Nathaniel  Smith. 
Zephaniah  Swift. 
Uriah  Tracy.10 
Samuel  Whittlesey  Dana.11 


Henry  Latimer. 


James  Jackson.12 
George  Walton.13 
Josiah  Tattnall.14 


John  Milledge. 


i  Elected  December  7, 1795. 
:  Elected  May  6,  1796. 

3  Elected  February  16,  1797. 

4  Resigned  March  8. 1796. 

5  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  Oliver  Ells- 
worth, and  took  his  seat 'December  6.  1796. 

"Resigned  June  10. 1796. 

7  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  Jonathan 
Trumbull,  and  took  his  seat  December  6.  1796. 

8  Resigned  in  December,  1796,  having  been  elected  Senator. 


9  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  James  Hill- 
house  and  took  his  seat  December  5,  1796. 

10  Resigned  December  6, 1796,  having  been  elected  Senator. 

11  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  Uriah 
Tracy,  and  took  his  seat  January  3, 1797. 

13  Resigned  in  1795. 

13  Appointed  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  Jamps 
Jackson,  and  took  his  seat  December  is.  1795. 

14  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  James  Jack- 
son, and  took  his  seat  April  12, 1796. 

39 


40 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 


John  Brown. 
Christopher  Greenup. 

John  Henry. 


Gabriel  Christie. 
Jeremiah  Crabb.3 
William  Craik.4 
Gabriel  Duvall.5 
Richard  Sprigg,  jr. 


Caleb  Strong.8 
Theodore  Sedgwick.9 


Fisher  Ames. 
Theophilus  Bradbury. 
Henry  Dearborn. 
D wight  Foster. 
Nathaniel  Freeman,  jr. 
Benjamin  Goodhue. 
George  Leonard. 
Samuel  Lyman. 


John  Langdon. 


Abiel  Foster. 
Nicholas  Gilman. 


John  Rutherfurd. 


Jonathan  Dayton. 
Thomas  Henderson. 
Aaron  Kitchell 


KENTUCKY. 

SENATORS. 
REPRESENTATIVES. 

MARYLAND. 

SENATORS. 
REPRESENTATIVES. 


SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


NEW  JERSEY. 


SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


Humphrey  Marshall. 


Alexander  D.  Orr. 


Richard  Potts.1 
John  Eager  Howard.2 


George  Dent. 
William  Hindman. 
Samuel  Smith. 
Thomas  Sprigg.7 
William  Vans  Murray. 


MASSACHUSETTS. 


George  Cabot.10 
Benjamin  Goodhue.11 


William  Lyman. 
John  Reed. 
Theodore  Sedgwick.12 
Thomson  J.  Skinner.13 
George  Thacher. 
Joseph  B.  Varnum.14 
Peleg  Wadsworth. 


NEW  HAMPSHIRE. 

SENATORS. 
REPRESENTATIVES. 


Samuel  Livermore. 


John  S.  Sherburne. 
Jeremiah  Smith. 


Frederick  Frelinghuysen.15 
Richard  Stockton.16 


Isaac  Smith. 
Mark  Thompson. 


1  Resigned  October  24, 1796. 

'Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  Richard 
Potts,  and  took  his  seat  December  27, 1796. 

*  Resigned  In  1796. 

*  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  Jeremiah 
Crabb,  and  took  his  seat  December  5, 1796. 

6  Resigned  March  28, 1796,  having  been  appointed  judge  of 
the  supreme  court  of  Maryland. 

*  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  Gabriel 
Duvall,  and  took  his  seat  May  6, 1796, 

1  Took  his  seat  February  7,  1797. 

*  Resigned  June  1, 1796. 

*  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of   Caleb 
Strong,  and  took  his  seat  December  21, 1796. 

>o  Resigned  June  9, 1796. 


11  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  George 
Cabot,  and  took  his  seat  December  G,  1796. 

12  Resigned  December  6, 1796,  having  been  elected  Senator. 

13  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  Theodore 
Sedgwick.  and  took  his  seat  January  27, 1797. 

14  Election  contested  by  petition  from  sundry  citizens  of 
Massachusetts;   Committee  on  Elections  reported  favorably 
for  him,  and  added  "that  ths  attempt  to  deprive  him  of  his 
seat  was  rather  the  act  of  malevolence  than  a  desire  to  pro- 
mote the  public  good."    On  January  25,  1797,  these  words 
were  stricken  out   and  expressions  of  compliment   to  the 
sitting  Member  were  substituted,  and  the  report  was  agreed  to. 

»  Resigned  November  12, 1796. 

14  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  Frederick 
Frelinghuysen,  and  took  his  seat  December  6, 1796. 


FOURTH    CONGRESS. 


41 


Aaron  Burr. 


Theodoras  Bailey. 
William  Cooper. 
Ezekiel  Gilbert. 
Henry  Glen. 
John  Ha  thorn. 


Alexander  Martin. 


Thomas  Blount. 
Nathan  Bryan. 
Dempsey  Burges. 
Jesse  Franklin. 
James  Gillespie. 
William  B.  Grove. 


James  Ross. 


David  Bard. 
William  Findley. 
Albert  Gallatin. 
Andrew  Gregg. 
Thomas  Hartley. 
Daniel  Heister.6 
George  Ege.7 


NEW  YORK. 


SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


Rufus  King.1 
John  Laurance.2 


Jonathan  N.  Havens. 
Edward  Livingston. 
John  E.  Van  Allen. 
Philip  Van  Cortlandt. 
John  Williams. 


NORTH  CAROLINA. 


SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


PENNSYLVANIA. 


SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


Timothy  Blood  worth. 


James  Holland. 
Matthew  Locke. 
Nathaniel  Macon. 
Absalom  Tatum.3 
William  Strudwick.4 


William  Bingham. 


John  Wilkes  Kittera. 

Samuel  Maclay. 

Frederick  Augustus  Muhlenberg. 

John  Richards.6 

Samuel  Sitgreaves. 

John  Swan  wick. 

Richard  Thomas. 


RHODE   ISLAND. 


Theodore  Foster. 


SENATORS. 


William  Bradford. 


Francis  Malbone. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


Benjamin  Bourn.8 
Elisha  R.  Potter.9 


SOUTH  CAROLINA. 


Pierce  Butler.10 
John  Hunter.11 


SENATORS. 


Jacob  Read. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


Lemuel  Benton. 
Samuel  Earle. 
Wade  Hampton. 


Robert  Goodloe  Harper. 
William  Smith. 
Richard  Wynn. 


1  Resigned  May  18,  17%,  having  been  appointed  minister 
to  England. 

2  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  Rufus 
King,  and  took  his  seat  December  8,  1796. 

3  Resigned  in  1796. 

4  Elepted  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  Absalom 
Tatum,  and  took  his  seat  December  13,  1796. 

6  Successfully  contested  the  election  of  James  Morris,  who 
never  qualified,  and  took  his  seat  January  18, 1796. 


«  Resigned  July  1, 1796. 

7  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  Danie 
Heister,  and  took  his  seat  December  8,  1796. 

8  Resigned  in  1796. 

»  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  Benjamin 
Bourn,  and  took  his  seat  December  19,  1796. 

'<>  Resigned  in  1796. 

"  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  Pierce  But- 
ler, and  took  his  seat  January  27,  1797. 


42 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 


William  Blount.2 


Moses  Robinson.5 
Isaac  Tichenor.6 


Daniel  Buck. 


Henry  Tazewell. 


Richard  Brent. 
Samuel  J.  Cabell. 
Thomas  Claiborne. 
John  Clop  ton. 
Isaac  Coles. 
William  B.  Giles. 
George  Hancock. 
Carter  B.  Harrison. 
John  Heath. 
George  Jackson. 


TENNESSEE.1 

SENATORS. 
REPRESENTATIVE . 

Andrew  Jackson.4 
VERMONT. 

SENATORS. 
REPRESENTATIVES. 

VIRGINIA. 

SENATORS. 
REPRESENTATIVES. 


William  Cocke.3 


Elijah  Paine. 


Israel  Smith. 


Stevens  T.  Mason.8 


James  Madison. 
Andrew  Moore. 
Anthony  New. 
John  Nicholas. 
John  Page. 
Josiah  Parker. 
Francis  Preston. 
Robert  Rutherford. 
Abraham  Venable. 


i  Admitted  as  a  State  into  the  Union  June  1,  1796. 
3  Took  his  seat  December  5,  1796;  term  to  expire,  as  deter- 
mined by  lot,  March  3,  1799. 

3  Took" his  seat  December  5,  1796;  term  to  expire,  as  deter- 
mined by  lot,  March  3,  1797. 

4  Took  his  seat  December  5,  1790. 


s  Resigned  October  15, 1796. 

6  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation   of  Moses 
Robinson,  and  took  his  seat  December  (i.  17%. 

7  Election  unsuccessfully  contested  by  Matthew  Lyon. 

8  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  James  Mon- 
roe, in  preceding  Congress,  and  took  his  seat  June  8, 1795. 


FIFTH  CONGRESS. 


MARCH  4,  1797,  TO  MARCH  3,  1799. 


FIRST   SESSION— May  15,  1797,  to  July  10,  1797.     SECOND   SESSION— November  13, 

1797,  to   July  16,   1798.     THIRD   SESSION— December  3,  1798,  to  March  3,   1799. 
SPECIAL  SESSIONS  OF  THE  SENATE— March  4,  1797,  for  one  day  only;  July  17, 

1798,  to  July  19,  1798. 


VICE  PRESIDENT— Thomas  Jefferson,  of  Virginia— PRESIDENTS  OF  THE  SENATE  PHO 
TEMPORE — William  Bradford,1  of  Rhode  Island;  Jacob  Read,2  of  South  Carolina;  Theodore  Sedg- 
wick,3  of  Massachusetts ;  John  Laurance,4  of  New  York;  James  Ross,5  of  Pennsylvania.  SECRETARY 
OF  THE  SENATE— Samuel  A.  Otis,  of  Massachusetts. 

SPEAKER  OF  THE  HOUSE— Jonathan  Dayton,6  of  New  Jersey.  SPEAKER  OF  THE  HOUSE 
PRO  TEMPORE— George  Dent,7  of  Maryland.  CLERK  OF  THE  HOUSE— Jonathan  W.  Condy, 
of  Pennsylvania. 


James  Hillhouse. 

John  Allen. 
Joshua  Coit.8 
Jonathan  Brace.9 
Samuel  W.  Dana. 
Nathaniel  Smith. 


John  Vining.13 
Joshua  Clayton.14 
William  Hill  Wells.15 


James  Gunn. 
Abraham  Baldwin. 


CONNECTICUT. 

SENATORS. 
REPRESENTATIVES. 


DELAWARE. 

SENATORS. 
REPRESENTATIVE. 

Jame.«  A.  Bayard. 
GEORGIA. 

SENATORS. 
REPRESENTATIVES. 


Uriah  Tracy. 

James  Davenport.10 
William  Edmond.11 
Chauncey  Goodrich. 
Roger  Griswold.12 


Henry  Latimer. 


Josiah  Tattnall. 
John  Milledge. 


>  Elected  July  6,  1797. 
2  Elected  November  22,  1797. 
s  Elected  June  27, 1798. 
«  Elected  December  6,  1798. 
s  Elected  March  1,  1799. 
«  Elected  May  15, 1797. 
i  Elected  May  28, 1798. 
a  Died  September  5,  1798. 

9  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  death  of  Joshua  Coit,  and 
took  his  seat  December  3,  1798. 
w  Died  August  3,  1797. 


11  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  death  of  James  Daven- 
port, and  took  his  seat  November  13,  1797. 

12  Unsuccessful  motion  made  to  expel  after  his  personal  en- 
counter with  Matthew  Lyon,  of  Vermont,  February  15,  1798. 

is  Resigned  January  19,  1798. 

H  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  John  Vin- 
ing, and  took  his  seat  February  19, 179M;  died  July  16, 1798. 

15  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  in  term  commencing  March  4, 1793, 
caused  by  resignation  of  John  Vining  and  death  of  Joshua 
Clayton,  and  took  his  seat  February  4,  1799. 

43 


44 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 


John  Brown. 
Thomas  T.  Davis. 


John  Henry.1 
James  Lloyd.2 

George  Baer,  jr. 
William  Craik. 
John  Dennis. 
George  Dent. 


Benjamin  Goodhue. 

Theophilus  Bradbury.3 
Bailey  Bartlett.4 
Stephen  Bullock. 
Dwight  Foster. 
Nathaniel  Freeman,  jr. 
Samuel  Lyman. 
Harrison  Gray  Otis. 
Isaac  Parker. 


John  Langdon. 

Abiel  Foster. 
Jonathan  Freeman. 
William  Gordon. 


John  Rutherford.7 
Franklin  Davenport.8 

Jonathan  Dayton. 
James  H.  Imlay. 
James  Schureman. 


Philip  Schuyler.9 
John  Sloss  Hobart.10 
William  North.11 
James  Watson.12 

David  Brooks. 
James  Cochran. 
Lucas  Elmendorph. 
Henry  Glen. 
Jonathan  N.  Havens. 


KENTUCKY. 

SENATORS. 
REPRESENTATIVES. 

MARYLAND. 

SENATORS. 
REPRESENTATIVES. 


MASSACHUSETTS. 

SENATORS. 
REPRESENTATIVES. 


Humphrey  Marshall. 


John  Fowler. 


John  E.  Howard. 


William  Hindman. 
William  Matthews. 
Samuel  Smith. 
Richard  Sprigg,  jr. 


Theodore  Sedgwlck. 

John  Reed. 
Samuel  Sewall. 
William  Shepherd. 
Thomson  J.  Skinner. 
George  Thacher. 
Joseph  Bradley  Varnum. 
Peleg  Wadsworth. 


NEW  HAMPSHIRE. 

SENATORS. 
REPRESENTATIVES. 

NEW  JERSEY. 

SENATORS. 
REPRESENTATIVES. 

NEW  YORK. 


SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


Samuel  Livermore. 

Jeremiah  Smith.8 
Peleg  Sprague.6 


Richard  Stockton. 


Thomas  Sinnickson. 
Mark  Thompson. 


John  Laurance. 


Hezekiah  L.  Hosmer. 
Edward  Livingston. 
John  E.  Van  Allen. 
Philip  Van  Cortlandt. 
John  Williams. 


»  Resigned  December  10,  1797,  having  been  elected  governor. 

*  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  John  Henry, 
and  took  his  seat  January  11, 1798. 

»  Resigned  July  24,  1797. 

«  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  Theophilus 
Bradbury,  and  took  his  seat  November  27, 1797. 

*  Resigned  July  26,  1797. 

*  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  Jeremiah 
Smith,  and  took  his  seat  December  15,  1797. 

7  Resigned  November  26,  1798. 

8  Appointed  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  John 
Rutherford,  and  took  his  seat  December  19,  1798. 


»  Resigned  January  3,  1798. 

11  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  Philip 
Schuyler,  and  took  his  seat  February  2, 1798;  resigned  April  16, 
1798,  bavin?  been  appointed  judge  of  the  United  States  district 
court  of  New  York. 

11  Appointed  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  the  resignations  of 
Philip  Schuyler  and  John  Sloss  Hobart,  and  took  his  seat  May 
21,  1798. 

"  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  the  resignations  of  Philip 
Schuyler  and  John.  Slosa  Hobart,  and  took  his  seat  December 
11,  1798. 


FIFTH   CONGRESS. 


45 


NORTH   CAROLINA. 


Alexander  Martin. 


Thomas  Blount. 
Nathan  Bryan.1 
Richard  Dobbs  Spaight. 
Demsey  B urges. 
James  Gillespie. 
William  Barry  Grove. 


SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


Timothy  Blood  worth. 


Matthew  Locke. 
Nathaniel  Macon. 
Joseph  McDowell. 
Richard  Stanford. 
Robert  Williams. 


PENNSYLVANIA. 


James  Ross. 


David  Bard. 
Samuel  Sitgreaves.3 
Robert  Brown.4 
John  Chapman. 
William  Findley. 
Albert  Gallatin. 
Andrew  Gregg. 
John  Andre  Hanna. 


William  Bradford.9 
Ray  Greene.10 

Christopher  G.  Champ lin. 


Jacob  Read. 


Lemuel  Benton. 
Robert  Goodloe  Harper. 
John  Rutledge,  jr. 


William  Blount.17 
Joseph  Anderson.11 


SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


RHODE  ISLAND. 


SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


William  Bingham. 


Thomas  Hartley. 
George  Ege.5 
Joseph  Heister.6 
John  Wilkes  Kittera. 
Blair  McClenachan. 
John  Swan  wick.7 
Robert  Wain.8 
Richard  Thomas. 


Theodore  Foster. 


Elisha  R.  Potter.11 
Thomas  Tillinghast.1 


SOUTH  CAROLINA. 


SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


TENNESSEE. 


SENATORS. 


John  Hunter.13 
Charles  Pinckney.14 


William  Smith,  Charleston  district. 
William  Smith,  Pinckney  district.15 
Thomas  Pinckney.16 
Thomas  Sumter. 


William  Cocke.19 
Andrew  Jackson.20 
Daniel  Smith.21 


REPRESENTATIVE . 

William  C.  C.  Claiborne. 


i  Died  June  4, 1798. 

*  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  death  of  Nathan  Bryan, 
and  took  his  seat  December  10,  1798. 

a  Resigned  1798,  having  been  appointed  commissioner  to 
Great  Britain. 

« Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  Samuel 
Sitgreaves,  and  took  his  seat  December  4, 1798. 

s  Resigned  1797. 

•  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  George 
Ege,  and  took  his  seat  December  1, 1797. 

'Died  July  31,1798. 

s  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  death  of  John  Swanwick, 
and  took  his  seat  December  3,  1798. 
»  Resigned  in  1797. 

10  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  William 
Bradford,  and  took  his  seat  November  22,  1797. 

11  Resigned  in  1797. 

13  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  Elisha  R. 
Potter,  and  took  his  seat  November  13,  1797. 
is  Resigned  December  31,  1798. 


14  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  John  Hun- 
ter, and  took  his  seat  February  16,  1799. 

15  Resigned  July  10,  1797,  having  been  appointed  minister 
to  Portugal. 

16  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  William 
Smith,  and  took  his  seat  November  23,  1797. 

"  Expelled  for  "high  misdemeanor"  July  8, 1797. 

18  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  expulsion  of  William 
Blount,  and  took  his  seat  November  22. 1797,  and  served  until 
December  12,  1798.  when  he  was  elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused 
by  resignation  of  Andrew  Jackson. 

19  Appointed  to  fill  vacancy  in  the  term  commencing  March 
4, 1797  (the  legislature  having  failed  to  elect),  and  took  his  seat 
May  15, 1797. 

20  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  in  the  term  commencing  March  4, 
1797,  and  took  his  seat  November  22, 1797;  resigned  in  April, 
1798. 

21  Appointed  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  the  resignation  of 
Andrew  Jackson,  and  took  his  seat  December  6,  1798. 


46 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 


Elijah  Paine. 
Matthew  Lyon.3 

Henry  Tazewell.4 


Richard  Brent. 
Samuel  Jordon  Cabill. 
Thomas  Claiborne. 
Matthew  Clay. 
John  Clopton. 
John  Dawson. 
William  B.  Giles." 
Joseph  Eggleston.7 
Thomas  Evans. 
Carter  B.  Harrison. 


VERMONT. 

SENATORS. 
REPRESENTATIVES. 

VIRGINIA. 

SENATORS. 
REPRESENTATIVES. 


Isaac  Tichenor.1 
Nathaniel  Chipman.2 

Lewis  R.  Morris. 


Stevens  T.  Mason. 


David  Holmes. 
Walter  Jones. 
James  Machir. 
Daniel  Morgan.8 
Anthony  New. 
John  Nicholas. 
Josiah  Parker. 
Abram  Trigg. 
John  Trigg. 
Abraham  Venable. 


1  Resigned  October  17, 1797,  having  been  elected  governor. 

2  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused   by  resignation  of  Isaac 
Tichenor,  and  took  his  seat  November  22,  1797. 

3  Unsuccessful  motion  made  to  expel  after  his  personal  en- 
counter with  Roger  Griswold,  of  Connecticut,  February  15, 1798. 

<  Died  January  24, 1799.    Letter  from  governor  of  Virginia 


(Senate  Journal,  p.  584)  stating  appointment  would  be  deferred 
until  legislature  meets. 

*  Election  unsuccessfully  contested  by  Robert  Rutherford. 

e  Resigned  October  2,  1798. 

7  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  William  B. 
Giles,  and  took  his  seat  December  3, 1798. 


SIXTH  CONGRESS. 


MARCH  4,  1799,  TO  MARCH  3,  1801. 


FIRST  SESSION— December   2,  1799,  to   May   14,  1800.     SECOND   SESSION— November 

17,  1800,  to  March  3,  1801. 


VICE  PRESIDENT— Thomas  Jefferson,  of  Virginia.  PRESIDENTS  OF  THE  SENATE  PKO 
TEMPORE— Samuel  Livermore,1  of  New  Hampshire;  Uriah  Tracy,2  of  Connecticut;  John  E.  Howard,3 
of  Maryland;  James  Hillhouse,4  of  Connecticut.  SECRETARY  OF  THE  SENATE — Samuel  A.  Otis, 
of  Massachusetts. 

SPEAKER  OF  THE  HOUSE— Theodore  Sedgwick,  of  Massachusetts.  CLERKS  OF  THE 
HOUSE — Jonathan  W.  Condy,  of  Pennsylvania;  John  H.  Oswald,  of  Pennsylvania. 


James  Hillhouse. 

Jonathan  Brace.5 
John  C.  Smith.6 
Samuel  W.  Dana. 
John  Davenport. 


Henry  Latimer.7 
Samuel  White.8 


James  Gunn . 
James  Jones.9 

John  Brown. 
Thomas  T.  Davis. 


CONNECTICUT. 

SENATORS. 
REPRESENTATIVES. 


DELAWARE. 

SENATORS. 
REPRESENTATIVE . 

James  A.  Bayard. 
GEORGIA. 

SENATORS. 
REPRESENTATIVES. 

KENTUCKY. 

SENATORS. 
REPRESENTATIVES . 


Uriah  Tracy. 

William  Edmond. 
Chauncey  Goodrich. 
Elizur  Goodrich. 
Roger  Griswold. 


William  H.  Wells. 


Abraham  Baldwin. 


Benjamin  Taliaferro. 


Humphrey  Marshall. 


John  Fowler. 


1  Elected  December  2,  1799. 

2  Elected  May  14, 1800. 

3  Elected  November  21,  1800. 

4  Elected  February  28,  1801. 
'-  Resigned  in  1800. 

6  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  Jonathan 
Brace,  and  took  his  seat  November  17, 1800. 


'  Resigned  in  1801. 

8  Appointed  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  Henry 
Latimer,  service  to  date  from  February  28,  1801:  did  not  take 
his  seat  until  March  4,  1801,  in  the  special  session  of  the 
Senate  of  the  Seventh  Congress. 

9  Died  January  13, 1801. 

47 


48- 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 


John  E.  Howard. 


George  Baer. 
Gabriel  Christie. 
William  Craik. 
George  Dent. 


Benjamin  Goodhue.3 
Jonathan  Mason.4 


Bailey  Bartlett. 
Phanuel  Bishop. 
Dwight  Foster/ 
Levi  Lincoln.8 
Silas  Lee. 
Samuel  Lyman.9 
Ebenezer  Mattoon.10 
Harrison  G.  Otis. 


John  Langdon. 

Jonathan  Freeman. 
William  Gordon.13 
Samuel  Tenney.14 


James  Schureman.15 
Aaron  Ogden.18 

John  Condit. 
Franklin  Davenport 
James  H.  Imlay. 


MARYLAND. 


SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


James  Lloyd.1 
William  Hindman.2 

John  Dennis. 
Joseph  H.  Nicholson. 
Samuel  Smith. 
John  C.  Thomas. 


MASSACHUSETTS. 


SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


Samuel  Dexter.5 
Dwight  Foster.8 

John  Reed. 
Theodore  Sedgwick. 
Samuel  Sewall.11 
Nathan  Read.12 
William  Shepherd. 
George  Thacher. 
Joseph  B.  Varnum. 
Peleg  Wadsworth. 
Lemuel  Williams. 


NEW  HAMPSHIRE. 


SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


NEW  JERSEY. 


SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


NEW  YORK. 


Samuel  Livermore. 

Abiel  Foster. 
James  Sheaf e. 


Jonathan  Dayton. 


Aaron  Kitchell. 
James  Linn. 
James  Schureman.17 


John  Laurance.18 
John  Armstrong.19 

Theodorus  Bailey. 
John  Bird. 
William  Cooper. 
Lucas  Elmendorf. 
Henry  Glen. 


SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


James  Watson.20 
Gouverneur  Morris.21 

Edward  Livingston. 
Jonas  Platt. 
John  Smith. 
John  Thompson. 
Philip  Van  Cortlandt. 


1  Resigned  December  1, 1800. 

2  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  James 
Lloyd,  and  took  his  seat  December  15, 1800. 

^'Resigned  November  8, 1800. 

*  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  Benjamin 
Goodhue,  and  took  his  seat  December  19, 1800. 

5  Resigned  May  30, 1800. 

•  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  Samuel 
Dexter,  and  took  his  seat  November  21 , 1800. 

7  Resigned  June  6,  1800,  having  been  elected  Senator. 

8  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  Dwight 
Foster,  and  took  his  seat  February  6, 1801. 

9  Resigned  November  C,  1801. 

10  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  Samuel 
Lyman,  and  took  his  seat  February  2, 1801. 

11  Resigned  January  10,  1800. 

12  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  Samuel 
Sewall,  and  took  his  seat  November  25, 1800. 


13  Resigned  June  12, 1800. 

14  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  William 
Gordon,  and  took  his  seat  December  8, 1800. 

is  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  John 
Rutherford  In  preceding  Congress,  and  took  his  seat  December 
3,  1799;  resigned  February  16,  1801. 

16  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignations  of  John 
Rutherford  and  James  Schureman,  and  took  his  seat  March 
3, 1801. 

17  Resigned  in  1799,  having  been  elected  Senator. 
'8  Resigned  in  August,  1800. 

19  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  John 
Laurance,  and  took  his  seat  January  8, 1801. 

M  Resigned  March  19,  1800. 

«  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  James 
Watson,  and  took  his  seat  May  3, 1800. 


Timothy  Blood  worth. 

Willis  Alston. 
Joseph  Dickson. 
William  Barry  Grove. 
Archibald  Henderson. 
William  H.  Hill. 


James  Ross. 

Robert  Brown. 
Albert  Gallatin. 
Andrew  Gregg. 
John  A.  Hanna. 
Thomas  Hartley.1 
John  Stewart.2 
Joseph  Heister. 


Theodore  Foster. 


John  Brown. 


Jacob  Read. 

Robert  Goodloe  Harper. 
Benjamin  Huger. 
Abraham  Nott. 


Joseph  Anderson.3 


Elijah  Paine. 
Matthew  Lyon. 


SIXTH    CONGRESS. 
NORTH  CAROLINA. 

SENATORS. 
REPRESENTATIVES. 


49 


PENNSYLVANIA. 

SENATORS. 
REPRESENTATIVES. 


Jesse  Franklin. 

Nathaniel  Macon. 
Richard  Dobbs  Spaight. 
Richard  Stanford. 
David  Stone. 
Robert  Williams. 


William  Bingham. 

John  Wilkes  Kittera. 
Michael  Leib. 
John  Peter  Muhlenberg. 
John  Smilie. 
Richard  Thomas. 
Robert  Wain. 
Henry  Woods. 


RHODE  ISLAND. 

SENATORS. 
REPRESENTATIVES. 

SOUTH  CAROLINA. 

SENATORS. 
REPRESENTATIVES. 

TENNESSEE. 

SENATORS. 
REPRESENTATIVE. 

William  C.  C.  Claiborne. 
VERMONT. 

SENATORS. 
REPRESENTATIVES. 


Ray  Greene. 
Christopher  G.  Champlin. 

Charles  Pinckney. 

Thomas  Pinckney. 
John  Rutledge,  jr. 
Thomas  Sumter. 

William  Cocke. 


Nathaniel  Chipman. 
Lewis  R.  Morris. 


i  Died  December  21, 1800.  »  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  the  resignation  of  Andrew 

»  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  death  of  Thomas  Hartley,  Jackson  in  preceding  Congress,  and  took  his  seat  December  2, 

and  took  his  seat  February  3,  1801.  1799. 

50346°— S.  Doc.  654,  61-2 4 


50 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 


Stevens  T.  Mason. 

Samuel  J.  Cabell. 
Matthew  Clay. 
John  Dawson. 
Joseph  Eggleston. 
Thomas  Evans. 
Samuel  Goode. 
Edwin  Gray. 
David  Holmes. 
John  G.  Jackson. 
Henry  Lee. 


VIRGINIA. 


SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


Wilson  C.  Nicholas.1 

John  Marshall.2 
Littleton  W.  Tazewell.3 
Anthony  New. 
John  Nicholas. 
Robert  Page. 
Josiah  Parker. 
Levin  Powell. 
John  Randolph. 
Abram  Trigg. 
John  Trigg. 


TERRITORY  NORTHWEST  OF  THE  RIVER  OHIO*. 


DELEGATES. 


William  Henry  Harrison.5 


William  M'Millan.8 


1  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  death  of  Henry  Tazewell 
in  preceding  Congress,  and  took  his  seat  January  3,  1800. 

2  Resigned  June  7,  1800. 

s  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  John  Mar- 
shall, and  took  his  seat  November  26, 1800. 


<  Created  a  district  for  the  purposes  of  temporary  govern- 
ment by  act  approved  July  13,  1787. 

*  Resigned  in  March,  1800. 

'  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  William 
Henry  Harrison,  and  took  his  seat  November  24, 1800. 


SEVENTH  CONGRESS. 


MARCH  4,  1801,  to  MARCH  3,  1803. 


FIRST  SESSION— December  7,  1801,  to  May  3,  1802.  SECOND  SESSION— December  6, 
1802,  to  March  3,  1803.  SPECIAL  SESSION  OF  THE  SENATE— March  4,  1801,  to 
March  5,  1801. 


VICE-PRESIDENT— Aaron  Burr,  of  New  York.  PRESIDENTS  OF  THE  SENATE  PRO 
TEMPORE— Abraham  Baldwin,1  of  Georgia;  Stephen  R.  Bradley,2  of  Vermont.  SECRETARY  OF 
THE  SENATE — Samuel  A.  Otis,  of  Massachusetts. 

SPEAKER  OF  THE  HOUSE— Nathaniel  Macon,  of  North  Carolina.  CLERK  OF  THE 
HOUSE— John  Beckley,  of  Virginia. 


James  Hillhouse. 


Samuel  W.  Dana. 
John  Davenport. 
Roger  Griswold. 
Calvin  Goddard. 


Samuel  White.3 


CONNECTICUT. 

SENATORS. 
REPRESENTATIVES. 


DELAWARE. 

SENATORS. 
REPRESENTATIVE. 

James  A.  Bayard. 
GEORGIA. 


Uriah  Tracy. 


Elias  Perkins. 
John  C.  Smith. 
Benjamin  Tallmadge. 


William  H.  Wells. 


Abraham  Baldwin. 


John  Milledge.4 
Peter  Early.5 


John  Brown. 
Thomas  T.  Davis. 


SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


KENTUCKY. 


SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


James  Jackson. 


Benjamin  Taliaferro.6 
David  Meriwether.7 


John  Breckinridge. 


John  Fowler. 


1  Elected  December  7,  1801;  April  17, 1802. 

s  Elected  December  14, 1802;  February  25, 1803;  March  2, 1803. 

3  Appointed  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  Henry 
Latimer  in  preceding  Congress,  and  took  his  seat  March  4, 
1801  (special  session  of  the  Senate);  subsequently  elected. 

4  Resigned  May,  1802. 


6  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  John  Mil- 
ledge,  and  took  his  seat  January  10, 1803. 

s  Resigned  in  1802. 

i  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  Benjamin 
Taliaferro,  and  took  his  seat  December  6, 1802. 

51 


52 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 


John  E.  Howard. 


John  Archer. 
John  Campbell. 
John  Dennis. 
Daniel  Heister. 


Dwight  Foster.5 


John  Bacon.  • 
Phanuel  Bishop. 
Manasseh  Cutler. 
Richard  Cutts. 
William  Eustis. 
Seth  Hastings. 
Silas  Lee.6 
Samuel  Thacher.7 
Ebenezer  Mattoon. 


Samuel  Livermore. 
Simeon  Olcott.9 


Abiel  Foster. 
Joseph  Pierce.12 
Samuel  Hunt.13 


Jonathan  Dayton. 


John  Condit. 
Ebenezer  Elmer. 
William  Helms. 


MARYLAND. 


SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


William  Hindman.1 
Robert  Wright.2 

Joseph  H.  Nicholson. 
Thomas  Plater. 
Samuel  Smith. 
Richard  Sprigg.3 
Walter  Bowie. 


MASSACHUSETTS. 


SENATORS. 


REPRESS  NT  ATI  VE  8 . 


SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


NEW  JERSEY. 


SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


NEW  YORK. 


Jonathan  Mason. 


Nathan  Read. 
William  Shepard. 
Josiah  Smith. 
Joseph  B.  Varnum. 
Peleg  Wads  worth. 
Lemuel  Williams. 


NEW   HAMPSHIRE. 


James  Sheafe.10 
William  Plumer.11 


Samuel  Tenney. 
George  B.  Upham. 


Aaron  Ogden. 


James  Mott. 
Henry  Southard. 


Gouverneur  Morris. 


Theodorus  Bailey. 
Lucas  Elmendorf. 
Samuel  L.  Mitchill. 
Thomas  Morris. 
John  Smith. 


SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


John  Armstrong.14 
De  Witt  Clinton.15 


David  Thomas. 
Philip  Van  Cortlandt. 
John  P.  Van  Ness.16 
Killian  K.  Van  Rensselaer. 
Benjamin  Walker. 


i  Appointed  to  fill  vacancy  in  term  commencing  March  4, 
1801,  and  took  his  seat  March  5,  1801  (special  session  of  the 
Senate). 

*  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  in  term  commencing  March  4,  1801, 
and  took  his  seat  December  7, 1801. 

8  Resigned  in  1802. 

4  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  Richard 
Sprigg,  and  took  his  scat  March  24,  1802. 

6  Resigned  March  2,  1803. 

6  Resigned  August  20, 1801. 

7  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  Silas  Lee, 
and  took  his  seat  December  6, 1802. 

»  Resigned  June  12, 1801. 

»  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  Samuel 
Livermore,  and  took  his  seat  December  7,  1801. 


i°  Resigned  June  14,  1802. 

11  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  James 
Sheafe,  and  took  his  seat  December  14,  1802. 

i»  Resigned  in  1802. 

13  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  Joseph 
Pierce,  and  took  his  seat  December  6, 1802. 

"  Resigned  February  10,  1802. 

'5  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  John  Arm- 
strong, and  took  his  seat  February  23,  1802. 

16  Seat  declared  forfeited  January  17, 1803,  he  having  accepted 
and  exercised  the  office  of  major  of  militia,  under  authority 
of  the  United  States,  within  the  Territory  of  Columbia. 


SEVENTH   CONGRESS. 


53 


Jesse  Franklin. 


Willis  Alston. 
William  Barry  Grove. 
Archibald  Henderson. 
William  H.  Hill. 
Charles  Johnson.1 
Thomas  Wynns.2 


Vacant. 


NORTH  CAROLINA. 

SENATORS. 
REPRESENTATIVES. 


David  Stone. 


James  Ross. 


Robert  Brown. 
Thomas  Boude. 
Andrew  Gregg. 
John  A.  Hanna. 
Joseph  Heister. 
Joseph  Hemphill. 
William  Hoge. 


Theodore  Foster. 


Joseph  Stan  ton,  jr. 


Charles  Pinckney.* 
Thomas  Sumter.  * 


William  Butler. 
Benjamin  Huger. 
Thomas  Lowndes. 
Thomas  Moore. 


Joseph  Anderson. 


OHIO.3 

SENATORS. 
REPRESENTATIVE . 

Vacant. 
PENNSYLVANIA. 

SENATORS. 
REPRESENTATIVES. 


James  Holland. 
Nathaniel  Macon. 
Richard  Stanford. 
John  Stanley. 
Robert  Williams. 


Vacant. 


RHODE  ISLAND. 

SENATORS. 
REPRESENTATIVES. 

SOUTH  CAROLINA. 

SENATORS. 
REPRESENTATIVES. 


TENNESSEE. 


SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVE. 


William  Dickson. 


John  Peter  Muhlenberg.4 
George  Logan.6 


William  Jones. 
Michael  Leib. 
John  Smilie. 
John  Stewart. 
Isaac  Van  Home. 
Henry  Woods. 


Ray  Greene.6 
Christopher  Ellery.7 


Thomas  Tillinghast. 


John  Ewing  Calhoun.10 


John  Rutledge. 
Thomas  Sumter.11 
Richard  Wynn.12 


William  Cocke. 


>  Died  in  1802. 

*  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  death  of  Charles  Johnson, 
and  took  his  seat  December  7, 1802. 

»  Admitted  as  a  State  into  the  Union  from  territory  known 
as  the  Northwest  Territory  and  that  was  originally  ceded  to 
the  United  States  by  the  State  of  Virginia,  November  29, 1802. 

«  Resigned  in  1801;  attended  special  session  of  the  Senate 
only,  March  4-5, 1801. 

6  Appointed  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  John 
Peter  Muhlenberg,  and  took  his  seat  December?,  1801;  sub- 
eequently  elected. 


«  Resigned  March  5, 1801. 

7  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  Ray  Greene, 
and  took  his  seat  December  7,  1801. 

s  Resigned  in  1801. 

9  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  Charles 
Pinckney,  and  took  his  seat  December  19, 1801. 

>°  Died  November  3, 1802. 

11  Resigned,  December  15, 1801,  having  been  elected  Senator, 

12  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  Thomas 
Sumter,  and  took  his  seat  January  24,  1803. 


54 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 
VERMONT. 

SENATORS. 


Elijah  Paine.1 
Stephen  R.  Bradley.2 


Lewis  R.  Morris. 


Stevens  T.  Mason. 


Richard  Brent. 
Samuel  J.  Cabell. 
Thomas  Claiborne. 
Matthew  Clay. 
John  Clopton. 
John  Dawson. 
William  B.  Giles. 
Edwin  Gray. 
David  Holmes. 
John  G.  Jackson. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 

VIRGINIA. 

SENATORS. 
REPRESENTATIVES. 


Nathaniel  Chipman. 


Israel  Smith. 


Wilson  C.  Nicholas. 


Anthony  New. 
Thomas  Newton,  jr. 
John  Randolph,  jr. 
John  Smith. 
John  Stratton. 
John  Taliaferro,  jr. 
Philip  R.  Thompson. 
Abram  Trigg. 
John  Trigg. 


MISSISSIPPI  TERRITORY.3 

DELEGATES. 

Narsworthy  Hunter.4  Thomas  M.  Greene.5 

TERRITORY  NORTHWEST  OF  THE  RIVER  OHIO.6 

DELEGATE. 

Paul  Fearing.7 


1  Resigned  September  1, 1801. 

s  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  Elijah 
Paine,  and  took  his  seat  December  7,  1801. 

*  Formed  from  territory  ceded  to  the  United  States  by  the 
States  of  Georgia  and  South  Carolina,  April  7, 1798. 

«  Died  March  11,  1802. 

s  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  death  of  Narsworthy 
Hunter,  and  took  his  seat  December  6,  1802. 


«  Erected  into  the  State  of  Ohio,  November  29, 1802. 

7  Question  raised  as  to  his  right  to  retain  his  seat  after 
November  29,1802,  date  upon  which  the  Territory  was  erected 
into  the  State  of  Ohio;  no  other  representative  appearing, 
was  permitted  to  retain  the  seat. 


EIGHTH  CONGRESS. 


MARCH  4,  1803,  TO  MARCH  3,  1805. 


FIRST  SESSION— October  17, 1803,  to  March  27, 1804.     SECOND  SESSION— November  5, 

1804,  to  March  3,  1805. 


VICE  PRESIDENT— Aaron  Burr,  of  New  York.  PRESIDENTS  OF  THE  SENATE  PRO 
TEMPORE — John  Brown,1  of  Kentucky;  Jesse  Franklin,2  of  North  Carolina;  Joseph  Anderson,3  of 
Tennessee.  SECRETARY  OF  THE  SENATE— Samuel  A.  Otis,  of  Massachusetts. 

SPEAKER  OF  THE  HOUSE— Nathaniel  Macon,  of  North  Carolina.  CLERK  OF  THE 
HOUSE — John  Beckley,  of  Virginia. 


James  Hillhouse. 


Simeon  Baldwin. 
Samuel  W.  Dana. 
John  Davenport. 
Calvin  Goddard. 


William  H.  Wella.4 
James  A.  Bayard.5 


Abraham  Baldwin. 


Joseph  Bryan. 
Peter  Early. 


CONNECTICUT. 

SENATORS. 
REPRESENTATIVES. 


DELAWARE. 

SENATORS. 

?    t'<V*     '    /'\^\ 

REPRESENTATIVE. 

Caesar  A.  Rodney. 
GEORGIA. 

SENATORS. 
REPRESENTATIVES. 


Uriah  Tracy. 


Roger  Griswold. 
John  C.  Smith. 
Benjamin  Tallmadge. 


Samuel  White. 


James  Jackson. 


Samuel  Hammond." 
David  Meriwether. 


1  Elected  October  17, 1803;  January  23, 1804. 
»  Elected  March  10,  1804. 

»  Elected  January  15,  1805;  February  28, 1805;  March  2, 1805. 
4  Resigned  November  6, 1804. 

'Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  William  H. 
Wells,  and  took  his  seat  January  15, 1805. 


•  Seat  declared  vacant  February  2, 1805 ,  for  the  reason  that  he 
had  accepted  appointment  to  be  civil  and  military  governor  of 
upper  Louisiana  Territory. 


55 


56 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 
KENTUCKY. 

SENATORS. 


John  Brown. 


George  M.  Bedinger. 
John  Boyle. 
John  Fowler. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


MARYLAND. 


John  Breckinridge. 


Matthew  Lyon. 
Thomas  Sandford. 
Matthew  Walton. 


Robert  Wright. 


John  Archer. 
Walter  Bowie. 
John  Campbell. 
John  Dennis. 
Nicholas  R.  Moore. 


Timothy  Pickering.3 


Phanuel  Bishop. 
Jacob  Crowninshield. 
Manasseh  Cutler. 
Richard  Cutts. 
Thomas  Dwight. 
William  Eustis. 
Seth  Hastings. 
Nahum  Mitchell. 


Simeon  Olcott. 


Silas  Betton. 
Clifton  Clagett. 
David  Hough. 


Jonathan  Dayton. 

Adam  Boyd. 
Ebenezer  Elmer. 
William  Helms. 


SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


Samuel  Smith. 


William  McCre'ery. 
Daniel  Hiester.1 
Roger  Nelson.2 
Joseph  H.  Nicholson. 
Thomas  Plater. 


MASSACHUSETTS. 


SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES." 


John  Quincy  Adams. 


Ebenezer  Seaver. 
Tompson  J.  Skinner.6 
Simon  Lamed.6 
William  Stedman. 
Samuel  Taggart. 
Samuel  Thacher. 
Joseph  B.  Varnum. 
Peleg  Wadsworth. 
Lemuel  Williams. 


NEW  HAMPSHIRE. 


SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


NEW  JERSEY. 

SENATORS. 
REPRESENTATIVES. 


William  Plumer. 


Samuel  Hunt. 
Samuel  Tenney. 


John  Condit.. 

James  Mott. 
James  Sloan. 
Henry  Southard. 


i  Died  March  7, 1804. 

8  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  death  of  Daniel  Heister, 
and  took  his  seat  November  6, 1804. 

s  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  Dwight 
Foster  in  preceding  Congress,  and  took  his  seat  October  17, 1803. 


4  Phineas  Bruce  was  elected  a  member,  but  was  stricken  with 
a  malady  that  prevented  him  from  qualifying. 

s  Resigned  August  10,  1804. 

6  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  Tompson  J. 
Skinner,  and  took  his  seat  November  5, 1804. 


EIGHTS  CONGRESS. 
NEW  YORK. 


57 


De  Witt  Clinton.1 
John  Armstrong.2 
John  Smith.3 


Gaylord  Griswold. 

Josiah  Hasbrouck. 

Henry  W.  Livingston. 

Andrew  McCord. 

Samuel  L.  Mitchill.7 

George  Clinton,  jr.8 

Beriah  Palmer. 

John  Patterson. 

Oliver  Phelps,  Canandaigua. 


SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


Theodoras  Bailey.4 
John  Armstrong.5 
Samuel  L.  Mitchell.6 


Erastus  Root. 

Joshua  Sands. 

Thomas  Sammons. 

John  Smith.9 

Samuel  Hiker.10 

David  Thomas. 

George  Tibbitts. 

Philip  Van  Cortlaadt. 

Killian  K.  Van  Rensselaer. 

Daniel  C.  Verplanck. 


NORTH  CAROLINA. 

SENATORS. 


Jesse  Franklin. 


Nathaniel  Alexander. 
Willis  Alston,  jr. 
William  Blacklege. 
James  Gillespie.11 
James  Holland . 
William  Kennedy. 


John  Smith.13 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


David  Stone. 


Nathaniel  Macon . 
Samuel  D.  Purviance. 
Richard  Stanford. 
Marmaduke  Williams. 
Joseph  Winston. 
Thomas  Wynne. 


OHIO.12 

SENATORS. 
REPRESENTATIVE . 

Jeremiah  Morrow.15 
PENNSYLVANIA. 


Thomas  Worthington.14 


George  Logan. 


David  Bard. 
Robert  Brown. 
Joseph  Clay. 
Frederick  Conrad. 
William  Findley. 
Andrew  Gregg. 
John  A.  Hanna. 
Joseph  Heister. 
William  Hoge.16 
John  Hoge.17 


SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


Samuel  Maclay. 


Isaac  Anderson. 
Michael  Leib. 
John  B.  C.  Lucas. 
John  Rea. 
Jacob  Richards. 
John  Smilie. 
John  Stewart. 
Isaac  Van  Home. 
John  Whitehill. 


i  Resigned  November  11, 1803. 

a  Appointed  to  fill  vacancy  in  term  commencing  March  4, 
1801,  caused  by  resignation  of  De  Witt  Clinton,  and  took  his  seat 
December  7, 1803;  served  in  this  class  until  February  4, 1804, 
when  he  was  elected  to  succeed  Theodoras  Bailey,  resigned. 
(See  also  footnote  11  following). 

3  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  in  term  commencing  March  4,  1801, 
caused  by  the  resignation  of  De  Witt  Clinton,  and  took  his  seat 
February  23,  1804. 

4  Resigned  January  16, 1804. 

5  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  in  term  commencing  March  4, 1803, 
caused  by  the  resignation  of  Theodoras  Bailey,  and  took  his 
seat  under  the  new  credentials  February  25,  1804;  served  in 
this  class  until  June  30. 1804,  when  he  resigned  to  become  min- 
ister to  France. 

•Elected  to  fill  vacancy  in  term  commencing  March  4, 1803, 
caused  by  the  resignations  of  Theodoras  Bailey  and  John  Arm- 
strong, and  took  his  seat  November  23, 1804. 


7  Resigned  November  22, 1804,  having  been  elected  Senator. 

8  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  Samuel  L. 
Mitchell,  and  took  his  seat  February  14, 1805. 

'Resigned  February  23,  1804,  having  been  elected  Senator. 

10  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  John 
Smith,  and  took  his  seat  November  5,  1804. 

»  Died  January  10, 1805. 

]2  Admitted  as  a  State  into  the  Union  November  29, 1802. 

"Took  his  seat  October  25,  1803;  term  to  expire,  as  deter- 
mined by  lot,  March  3,  1809. 

i«  Took  his  seat  October  17, 1803;  term  to  expire  as  deter- 
mined by  lot,  March  3, 1807. 

is  Took  his  seat  October  17, 1803. 

16  Resigned  1804. 

17  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  William 
Hoge,'  and  took  his  seat  November  27, 1804. 


58 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 


Christopher  Ellery. 


Nehemiah  Knight. 


Thomas  Sumter. 


William  Butler. 
Levi  Casey. 
John  B.  Earle. 
Wade  Hampton. 


Joseph  Anderson. 


George  Washington  Campbell. 
William  Dickson. 


Stephen  R.  Bradley. 


William  Chamberlain. 
Martin  Chittenden. 


RHODE  ISLAND. 

SENATORS. 
REPRESENTATIVES. 

SOUTH  CAROLINA. 

SENATORS. 
REPRESENTATIVES. 

TENNESSEE. 


Samuel  J.  Potter.1 
Benjamin  Howland.2 


Joseph  Stanton. 


Pierce  Butler.3 
John  Gaillard.4 


Benjamin  Huger. 
Thomas  Lowndes. 
Thomas  Moore. 
Richard  Wynn. 


SENATORS. 
REPRESENTATIVES. 

VERMONT. 

SENATORS. 
REPRESENTATIVES. 


William  Cocke. 


John  Rhea. 


Israel  Smith. 


James  Elliot. 
Gideon  Olin. 


i  Died  October  14, 1804. 

'  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  death  of  Samuel  J.  Pot- 
ter, and  took  his  seat  December  3, 1804. 

»  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  in  term  commencing  March  4, 1801, 
caused  by  death  of  John  E .  Calhoun  in  preceding  Congress,  and 


took  his  seat  October  18,  1803;  resigned  in  1804;  vacancy  in 
this  class  from  November  3, 1802,  to  October  18,  1803. 

4  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  Pierce 
Butler,  and  took  his  seat  January  31, 1805. 


EIGHTH   CONGRESS. 


59 


Stevens  T.  Mason.1 
John  Taylor.2 
Abraham  B.  Venable.3 
William  B.  Giles.4 
Andrew  Moore.5 


Thomas  Claiborne. 
John  Trigg.9 
Christopher  Clark.10 
Matthew  Clay. 
John  Clopton. 
John  Dawson. 
John  W.  Eppes. 
Peterson  Goodwyn. 
Edwin  Gray. 
Thomas  Griffin. 
David  Holmes. 
John  G.  Jackson. 
Walter  Jones. 


VIRGINIA. 


SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


Wilson  C.  Nicholas.8 
Andrew  Moore.7 
William  B.  Giles.8 


Thomas  Lewis.11 
Andrew  Moore.12 
Alexander  Wilson.13 
Anthony  New. 
Thomas  Newton,  jr. 
John  Randolph,  jr. 
Thomas  M.  Randolph. 
John  Smith. 
James  Stephenson. 
Philip  R.  Thompson. 
Abram  Trigg. 
Joseph  Lewis,  jr. 


MISSISSIPPI  TERRITORY. 

DELEGATE. 

WTilliam  Lattimore.14 


i  Died  May  10, 1803. 

3  Appointed  to  fill  vacancy  in  term  ending  March  3,1809, 
caused  by  death  of  Stevens  T.  Mason,  and  took  his  seat  Octo- 
ber 17,  1803. 

3  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  in  term  ending  March  3,  1809, 
caused  by  death  of  Stevens   T.  Mason,  and  took   his   seat 
December  13,  1803;  resigned  June  7,  1804. 

4  Appointed  to  fill  vacancy  in  term  ending  March  3, 1809, 
caused  by  resignation  of  Abraham  B.  Venable,  and  took  his 
seat  November  5,  1804;  subsequently  elected  to  fill  vacancy 
caused  by  resignation  of  Wilson  C.  Nichols.    (See  note  8  be- 
low.) 

5  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  in  term   ending  March  3,  1809, 
caused  by  resignation  of  Abraham  B.  Venable,  and  qualified 
under  these  credentials  December  17,  1804;  antecedently  ap- 
pointed to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  Wilson  C. 
Nichols.     (See  note  7  below.) 

«  Resigned  May  22, 1804. 

7  Appointed  to  fill  vacancy  in  term  ending  March  3,  1805, 
caused  by  resignation  of  Wilson  C.  Nichols,  and  took  his  seat 


November  6, 1804;  subsequently  elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused 
by  resignation  of  Abraham  B.  Venable.  (See  note  5  above.) 

8  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  in  term  ending  March  3,  1805, 
caused  by  resignation  of  Wilson  C.  Nichols,  and  took  his  seat 
December  17,  1804;  antecedently  appointed  to  fill  vacancy 
caused  by  resignation  of  Abraham  B.  Venable.  (See  note  4 
above.) 

»  Died  May  17,1804. 

10  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  death  of  John  Trigg,  and 
took  his  seat  November  5,  1804. 

11  Served  until  March  5, 1804;  succeeded  by  Andrew  Moore, 
who  contested  his  election.    (Counsel  were  heard  at  bar  of 
House  in  this  case.) 

12  Successfully  contested  the  election  of  Thomas  Lewis,  and 
took  his  seat  March  5, 1804;  resigned  November  6, 1804,  having 
been  appointed  Senator. 

'» Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  Andrew 
Moore,  and  took  his  seat  December  4,  1804. 
14  Took  his  seat  October  17, 1803. 


NINTH  CONGRESS. 


MARCH  4,  1805,  TO  MARCH  3,  1807. 


FIRST  SESSION— December  2,  1805,  to  April  21,  1806.  SECOND  SESSION— December 
1,  1806,  to  March  3,  1807.  SPECIAL  SESSION  OF  THE  SENATE— March  4,  1805, 
for  one  day  only. 


VICE-PRESIDENT— George  Clinton,  of  New  York.  PRESIDENT  OF  THE  SENATE  PEO 
TEMPORE— Samuel  Smith,1  of  Maryland.  SECRETARY  OF  THE  SENATE— Samuel  A.  Otis,  of 
Massachusetts. 

SPEAKER  OF  THE  HOUSE— Nathaniel  Macon,  of  North  Carolina.  CLERK  OF  THE  HOUSE— 
John  Beckley,  of  Virginia. 


CONNECTICUT. 


James  Hillhouse. 


Samuel  W.  Dana. 
John  Davenport,  jr. 
Jonathan  O.  Moseley. 
Timothy  Pitkin,  jr. 


Samuel  White. 


Abraham  Baldwin. 


Joseph  Bryan.6 
Dennis  Smelt.7 
Peter  Early. 
David  Meriwether. 


SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


DELAWARE. 

SENATORS. 
REPRESENTATIV  E . 

James  M.  Broom. 
GEORGIA. 

SENATORS. 
REPRESENTATIV  ES . 


Uriah  Tracy. 


John  Cotton  Smith.2 
Theodore  Dwight.3 
Lewis  B.  Sturgis. 
Benjamin  Tallmadge. 


James  A.  Bayard,  2d. 


James  Jackson.4 
John  Milledge.6 


Cowles  Mead.8 
Thomas  Spalding.9 
William  W.  Bibb.10 


1  Elected  December  2, 1805,  March  18, 1806,  and  March  2, 1807. 

2  Resigned  in  August,  1806. 

a  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  John  Cotton 
Smith,  and  took  his  seat  December  1, 1806. 

«  Died  March  19, 1806. 

6  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  death  of  James  Jackson, 
and  took  his  seat  December  11, 1806. 

6  Resigned  in  1806. 

60 


'  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  Joseph 
Bryan,  and  took  his  seat  December  26, 1806. 

8  Served  until  December  24,  1805;  succeeded  by  Thomas 
Spalding,  who  contested  his  election. 

9  Successfully  contested  the  election  of  Cowles  Mead,  and 
took  his  seat  December  24, 1805;  resigned,  1806. 

10  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  Thomas 
Spalding,  and  took  his  seat  January  26, 1807. 


NINTH    CONGRESS. 


61 


John  Breckinridge. ' 
John  Adair.2 
Henry  Clay.3 


George  M.  Bedinger. 
John  Boyle. 
John  Fowler. 


Robert  Wright.4 
Philip  Reed.5 


John  Archer. 
John  Campbell. 
Leonard  Covington. 
Joseph  H.  Nicholson. 
Edward  Lloyd.7 


Timothy  Pickering. 


Joseph  Barker. 
Barnabas  Bid  well. 
Phanuel  Bishop. 
John  Chandler. 
Orchard  Cook. 
Jacob  Crowninshield. 
Richard  Cutts. 
William  Ely. 
Isaiah  L.  Green. 


William  Plumer. 


Silas  Betton. 
Caleb  Ellis. 
David  Hough. 


John  Condit. 


Ezra  Darby. 
Ebenezer  Elmer. 
William  Helms. 


KENTUCKY. 

SENATORS. 
REPRESENTATIVES. 

MARYLAND. 

SENATORS. 
REPRESENTATIVES. 


SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


Matthew  Lyon. 
Thomas  Sandford. 
Matthew  Walton. 


Samuel  Smith. 


Patrick  Magruder. 
William  McCreery. 
Nicholas  R.  Moore. 
Roger  Nelson. 
Charles  Goldsborough. 


MASSACHUSETTS. 


John  Quincy  Adams. 


Seth  Hastings. 
Jeremiah  Nelson. 
Josiah  Quincy. 
Ebenezer  Seaver. 
William  Stedman. 
Samuel  Taggart. 
Joseph  B.  Varnum. 
Peleg  Wadsworth. 


NEW  HAMPSHIRE. 

SENATORS. 
REPRESENTATIVES. 

NEW  JERSEY. 


Nicholas  Gilman. 


Samuel  Tenney. 
Thomas  W.  Thompson. 


Aaron  Kitchell. 


John  Lambert. 
James  Sloan. 
Henry  Southard. 


i  Resigned  August  7, 1805,  to  become  Attorney  General. 

*  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  In  term  ending  March  3, 1807,  caused 
by  resignation  of  John  Breckinridge,  and  took  his  seat  Decem- 
ber 9,  1805;  resigned,  1806. 

8  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  in  term  ending  March  3, 1807,  caused 
by  resignations  of  John  Breckenridge  and  John  Adair,  and  took 
his  seat  December  29, 1806. 


<  Resigned  November  26, 1806. 

5  Elected  to  fill  vacancy;  caused  by  resignation  of  Robert 
Wright,  and  took  his  seat  December  29, 1806. 

«  Resigned  March  1  1806. 

7  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  Joseph  H. 
Nicholson,  and  took  his  seat  December  3, 1806. 


62 


CONGBESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 


John  Smith. 


John  Blake,  jr. 
George  Clinton,  jr. 
Silas  Halsey. 
Henry  W.  Livingston. 
Josiah  Masters. 
Gurdon  S.  Mumford. 
John  Russell. 
Peter  Sailly.. 
Thomas  Sammons. 


David  Stone.2 


Nathaniel  Alexander.3 
Evan  Alexander.4 
Willis  Alston,  jr. 
William  Blacklege. 
Thomas  Blount. 
James  Holland. 
Thomas  Kenan. 


John  Smith. 


NEW  YORK. 


SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


Samuel  L.  Mitchill. 


Martin  G.  Schuneman. 
David  Thomas. 
Uri  Tracy. 

Philip  Van  Cortlandt. 
Killian  K.  Van  Rensselaer. 
Daniel  C.  Verplanck. 
Eliphalet  Wickes. 
Nathan  Williams. 
Daniel  D.  Tompkins.1 


NORTH  CAROLINA. 


SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


George  Logan. 

Isaac  Anderson. 
David  Bard. 
Robert  Brown. 
Joseph  Clay. 
Frederick  Conrad. 
William  Findley. 
Andrew  Gregg. 
John  Hamilton. 
James  Kelly. 


Benjamin  Howland. 
Nehemiah  Knight. 


OHIO. 

SENATORS. 
REPRESENTATIVE. 

Jeremiah  Morrow. 
PENNSYLVANIA. 

SENATORS. 
REPRESENTATIVES. 


RHODE    ISLAND. 


SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


James  Turner. 


Nathaniel  Macon. 
Duncan  McFarlan. 
Richard  Stanford. 
Marmaduke  Williams. 
Joseph  Winston. 
Thomas  Wynns. 


Thomas  Worthington. 


Samuel  Maclay. 

Michael  Leib.5 
John  Porter.6 
John  Pugh. 
John  Rea. 
Jacob  Richards. 
John  Smilie. 
Samuel  Smith. 
John  Whitehill. 
Robert  Whitehill. 


James  Fenner. 


Joseph  Stan  ton. 


'  Resigned  July  2, 1805,  before  the  assembling  of  Congress. 
2  Resigned  February  17,  1807. 

s  Resigned  in  November,  1805,  having  been  elected  governor. 
4  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  Nathaniel 
Alexander,  and  took  his  seat  February  24, 1806. 


5  Election  unsuccessfully  contested  by  John  Douglas;    re- 
signed February  14, 1806. 

6  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  Michael 
Leib,  and  took  his  seat  December  8, 1806. 


NINTH   CONGBESS. 


63 


Thomas  Sumter. 


William  Butler. 
Levi  Casey.1 
Elias  Earle. 
Robert  Marion. 


Joseph  Anderson. 


George  W.  Campbell. 
William  Dickson. 


Stephen  R.  Bradley. 

Martin  Chittenden. 
James  Elliot. 


William  B.  Giles. 

Burwell  Bassett. 
John  Claiborne. 
Christopher  Clark.2 
William  A.  Burwell.3 
Matthew  Clay. 
John  Clopton. 
John  Dawson. 
John  W.  Eppes. 
James  M.  Garnett. 
Peterson  Goodwin. 
Edwin  Gray. 
David  Holmes. 


SOUTH  CAROLINA. 

SENATORS. 
REPRESENTATIVES. 


John  Gaillard. 


TENNESSEE. 

SENATORS. 
REPRESENTATIVES. 

VERMONT. 

SENATORS. 
REPRESENTATIVES. 

VIRGINIA. 

SENATORS. 
REPRESENTATIVES. 


Thomas  Moore. 
O'Brien  Smith. 
David  R.  Williams. 
Richard  Wynn. 


Daniel  Smith. 


John  Rhea. 


Israel  Smith. 

James  Fisk. 
Gideon  Olin. 


Andrew  Moore. 

John  G.  Jackson. 
Walter  Jones. 
Joseph  Lewis,  jr. 
John  Morrow. 
Thomas  Newton,  jr. 
John  Randolph. 
Thomas  M.  Randolph. 
John  Smith. 
Philip  R.  Thompson. 
Abram  Trigg. 
Alexander  Wilson. 


INDIANA  TERRITORY.4 

DELEGATE. 

Benjamin  Parke.5 
MISSISSIPPI  TERRITORY. 

DELEGATE. 

William  Lattimore. 
TERRITORY  OF  ORLEANS.9 

DELEGATE. 

Daniel  Clark.7 


>  Died  February  1, 1807. 

2  Resigned  July  1, 1806. 

3  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  Christopher 
Clark,  and  took  his  seat  December  1, 1806. 

«  Formed  from  a  portion  of  the  Northwest  Territory  and 
from  lands  originally  ceded  to  the  United  States  by  the 
State  of  Virginia,  May  7,  1800,  with  seat  of  government  at 
Vincennes. 


s  Took  his  seat  December  12,  1805. 

8  Formed  March  26, 1804,  from  a  portion  of  country  ceded  by 
France  to  the  United  States  under  tha  name  of  Louisiana  by 
the  treaty  of  Paris  of  April  30,  1803. 

'  Took  his  seat  December  1, 1806. 


TENTH  CONGRESS. 


MARCH  4,  1807,  TO  MARCH  3,  1809. 


FIRST  SESSION— October  26,  1807,  to  April  25,   1808. 

7,  1808,  to  March  3,  1809. 


SECOND  SESSION— November 


VICE-PBESIDENT— George  Clinton,  of  New  York.  PRESIDENTS  OF  THE  SENATE  PEO 
TEMPOBE— Samuel  Smith,1  of  Maryland;  Stephen  B.  Bradley,2  of  Vermont;  John  Milledge,3  of 
Georgia.  SECBETABY  OF  THE  SENATE— Samuel  A.  Otis,  of  Massachusetts. 

SPEAKER  OF  THE  HOUSE— Joseph  B.  Varnum,  of  Massachusetts.  CLERK  OF  THE 
HOUSE— Patrick  Magruder,  of  Maryland. 


James  Hillhouse. 


Epaphroditus  Champion. 
Samuel  W.  Dana. 
John  Davenport,  jr. 
Jonathan  O.  Moseley. 


Samuel  White. 


CONNECTICUT. 

SENATORS. 
REPRESENTATIVES. 


DELAWARE. 

SENATORS. 
REPRESENTATIVE. 

Nicholas  Van  Dyke. 
GEORGIA. 


Uriah  Tracy.4 
Chauncey  Goodrich.5 

Timothy  Pitkin,  jr. 
Lewis  B.  Sturgis. 
Benjamin  Tallmadge. 


James  A.  Bayard,  2d. 


Abraham  Baldwin.6 
George  Jones.7 
William  H.  Crawford.8 

William  W.  Bibb. 
Howell  Cobb. 


Buckner  Thruston. 

John  Boyle. 
Joseph  Desha. 
Benjamin  Howard. 


SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


KENTUCKY. 


SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


John  Milledge. 


Dennis  Smelt. 
George  M.  Troup. 


John  Pope. 

Richard  M.  Johnson. 
Matthew  Lyon. 
John  Rowan. 


1  Elected  April  16,  1808. 

»  Elected  December  28,  1808. 

3  Elected  January  30,  1809. 

4  Died  July  19. 1807. 


«  Died  March  4, 1807. 

7  Appointed  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  death  of  Abraham 
Baldwin,  and  took  his  seat  October  26,  1807. 

8  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  death  of  Abraham 


J^A^V*  vuu   Aj.  JLUUI  .  •  j^itxjieu    tu    mi    vacancy  causeu    uy    ueau 

Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  death  of  Uriah  Tracy,      Baldwin,  and  took  his  seat  December  9, 1807. 
and  took  his  seat  November  27, 1807. 

64 


TENTH  CONGRESS. 


65 


Samuel  Smith. 

John  Campbell. 
Charles  W.  Goldsborough. 
Philip  B.  Key.1 
Edward  Lloyd. 
William  McCreery.2 


Timothy  Pickering. 


Ezekiel  Bacon. 
Joseph  Barker. 
John  Chandler. 
Orchard  Cook. 
Jacob  Crowninshield.s 
Joseph  Story.6 
Richard  Cutts. 
Josiah  Dean. 
William  Ely. 


Nicholas  Oilman. 

Peter  Carlton. 
Daniel  M.  Durell. 
Francis  Gardner. 


John  Condit. 


Ezra  Darby.7 
Adam  Boyd.8 
William  Helms. 
John  Lambert. 


MARYLAND. 

SENATORS. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 


Philip  Reed. 

John  Montgomery. 
Nicholas  R.  Moore. 
Roger  Nelson. 
Archibald  Van  Home. 


MASSACHUSETTS. 


SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


John  Quincy  Adams.3 
James  Lloyd,  jr.4 

Daniel  Ilsley. 

Edward  St.  Loe  Livermore. 
Josiah  Quincy. 
Ebenezer  Seaver. 
William  Stedman. 
Samuel  Taggart. 
Jabez  Upham. 
Joseph  B.  Varnum. 
Isaiah  L.  Green. 


NEW  HAMPSHIRE. 


SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


NEW  JERSEY. 


SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


NEW  YORK. 


Nahum  Parker. 


Jedediah  K.  Smith. 
Clement  Storer. 


Aaron  Kitchell. 


Thomas  Newbold. 
James  Sloan. 
Henry  Southard. 


John  Smith. 


John  Blake,  jr. 
George  Clinton,  jr. 
Barent  Gardenier. 
John  Harris. 
Reuben  Humphrey. 
William  Kirkpa trick. 
Josiah  Masters. 
Gurdon  S.  Mumford. 
Samuel  Riker. 


SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


Samuel  L.  Mitchill. 


John  Russell. 
Peter  Swart. 
David  Thomas.9 
Nathan  Wilson.10 
John  Thompson. 
James  Q.  Van  Allen. 
Philip  Van  Cortlandt. 
Killian  K.  Van  Rensselaer. 
Daniel  C.  Verplanck. 


1  Election  was  questioned  upon  the  grounds  that  he  was 
not  a  resident  of  the  district  and  that  he  was  a  British  pen- 
sioner; a  resolution  declaring  him  entitled  to  his  seat  was 
passed  by  a  vote  of  57  to  52,  March  18, 1808. 

2  Election  unsuccessfully  contested  by  Joshua  Barney. 

*  Resigned  June  8, 1808. 

4  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  John  Quincy 
Adams,  and  took  his  seat  November  7, 1808. 

*  Died  April  15,  1808. 

50346°— S.  Doc.  654,  61-2 5 


•  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  death  of  Jacob  Crownin- 
shleld,  and  took  his  seat  December  20, 1808. 

'Died  January  28, 1808. 

8  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  death  of  Ezra  Darby ,  and 
took  his  seat  April  1, 1808. 

»  Resigned  May  1,  1808. 

10  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  David 
Thomas,  and  took  his  seat  November  7, 1808. 


66 


James  Turner. 


Evan  Alexander. 
Willis  Alston,  jr. 
William  Blacklege 
Thomas  Blount. 
John  Culpeper 1 
Meshack  Franklin. 


John  Smith.2 
Return  J.  Meigs.3 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 
NORTH    CAROLINA. 

SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


OHIO. 

SENATORS. 
REPRESENTATIVE. 

Jeremiah  Morrow. 


Jesse  Franklin. 


James  Holland. 
Thomas  Kenan. 
Nathaniel  Macon. 
Lemuel  Sawyer. 
Richard  Stanford. 
Marmaduke  Williams. 


Edward  Tiffin. 


Samuel  Maclay.4 
Michael  Leib.5 


David  Bard. 
Robert  Brown. 
Joseph  Clay.6 
Benjamin  Say.7 
William  Findley. 
John  Heister. 
William  Hoge. 
Robert  Jenkins. 
James  Kelly. 
William  Milnor. 


James  Fenner.8 
Elisha  Mathewson.9 


Nehemiah  Knight.10 
Richard  Jackson. n 


PENNSYLVANIA. 

SENATORS. 
REPRESENTATIVES. 


RHODE  ISLAND. 


SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


Andrew  Gregg. 


John  Porter. 
John  Pugh. 
John  Rea. 
Jacob  Richards. 
Matthias  Richards. 
John  Smilie. 
Samuel  Smith. 
Robert  Whitehill. 
Daniel  Montgomery,  jr. 


Benjamin  Howland. 


Isaac  Wilbour. 


SOUTH   CAROLINA. 


Thomas  Sumter. 


Lemuel  J.  Alston. 
William  Butler. 
Joseph  Calhoun. 
Robert  Marion. 


SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


John  Gaillard. 


Thomas  Moore. 
John  Taylor. 
David  R.  Williams. 
Richard  WTynn. 


i  Election  contested  by  Duncan  McFarland;  the  House  on 
January  2,  1808,  declared  the  seat  vacant  on  account  of 
irregularities;  subsequently  elected,  and  took  his  seat  February 
23, 1808. 

*  Tried  by  Senate  for  complicity  with  Aaron  Burr;  but  res- 
olution of  expulsion  negatived  April  9,  1808;  resigned  April  25, 
1808.   (See  Senate  Election  Cases,  edition  1903,  pp.  934-948). 

*  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  John  Smith, 
and  took  his  seat  January  6, 1809. 

«  Resigned  January  4, 1809. 

6  Elected  to  rill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  Samuel 
Maclay,  and  took  his  seat  January  19, 1809. 


«  Resigned  in  1808. 

'  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  Joseph 
Clay,  and  took  his  seat  November  16,  1808. 

8  Resigned  in  September,  1807,  having  been  elected  governor. 

9  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  James  Fen- 
ner, and  took  his  seat  November  20, 1807. 

»°  Died  June  13, 1808. 

»  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  death  of  Nehemiah 
Knight,  and  took  his  seat  November  11, 1808. 


TENTH   CONGRESS. 


67 


Joseph  Anderson. 


George  W.  Campbell. 
John  Rhea. 


Stephen  R.  Bradley. 


Martin  Chittenden. 
James  Elliott. 
James  Fisk. 


William  B.  Giles. 


Burwell  Basse tt. 
William  A.  Burwell. 
John  Claiborne.5 
Thomas  Gholson,  jr.  ° 
Matthew  Clay. 
John  Clopton. 
John  Dawson. 
John  W.  Eppes. 
James  M.  Garnett. 
Peterson  Goodwin. 
Edwin  Gray. 
David  Holmes. 


Benjamin  Parke.7 


TENNESSEE. 
SENATORS. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 
VERMONT. 

SENATORS. 
REPRESENTATIVES. 

VIRGINIA. 

SENATORS. 
REPRESENTATIVES. 


Daniel  Smith. 


Jesse  Wharton. 


Israel  Smith.1 
Jonathan  Robinson.2 


James  Witherell.3 
Samuel  Shaw.4 


Andrew  Moore. 


John  G.  Jackson. 
Walter  Jones. 
Joseph  Lewis,  jr. 
John  Love. 
John  Morrow. 
Thomas  Newton,  jr. 
Wilson  Carey  Nicholas. 
John  Randolph. 
John  Smith. 
Abram  Trigg. 
Alexander  Wilson. 


INDIANA  TERRITORY. 

DELEGATES. 

Jesse  B.  Thomas.8 
MISSISSIPPI  TERRITORY. 

DELEGATE. 

George  Poindexter. 
TERRITORY  OF  ORLEANS. 

DELEGATE. 

Daniel  Clark. 


1  Resigned  October  1, 1807,  having  been  elected  governor. 

*  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  Israel  Smith, 
and  took  his  seat  October  26, 1807. 

a  Resigned  May  1, 1808. 

4  Elected  to  nil  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  James 
Witherell,  and  took  his  seat  November  8,  1808. 


5  Died  October  9,  1808. 

6  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  death  of  John  Claiborne, 
and  took  his  seat  November  7,  1808. 

'  Resigned  March  1,  1808. 

8  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  Benjamin 
Parke,  and  took  his  seat  December  1, 1808. 


ELEVENTH  CONGRESS. 


MARCH  4,  1809,  TO  MARCH  3,  1811. 


FIRST  SESSION— May  22,  1809,  to  June  28,  1809.  SECOND  SESSION— November  27, 
1809,  to  May  1,  1810.  THIRD  SESSION— December  3,  1810,  to  March  3,  1811. 
SPECIAL  SESSION  OF  THE  SENATE— March  4,  1809,  to  March  7,  1809. 


VICE  PRESIDENT— George  Clinton,  of  New  York.  PRESIDENTS  OF  THE  SENATE  PRO 
TEMPORE — Andrew  Gregg,1  of  Pennsylvania;  John  Gaillard,2  of  South  Carolina;  John  Pope,3  of 
Kentucky.  SECRETARY  OF  THE  SENATE— Samuel  A.  Otis,  of  Massachusetts. 

SPEAKER  OF  THE  HOUSE— Joseph  B.  Varnum,  of  Massachusetts.  CLERK  OF  THE 
HOUSE — Patrick  Magruder,  of  Maryland. 


James  Hillhouse.4 
Samuel  W.  Dana.5 

Epaphroditus  Champion. 
Samuel  W.  Dana.8 
Ebenezer  Huntington.7 
John  Davenport. 


Samuel  White.8 
Outerbridge  Horsey.9 


John  Milledge.10 
Charles  Tait.11 


CONNECTICUT. 

SENATORS. 
REPRESENTATIVES. 


DELAWARE. 

SENATORS. 
REPRESENTATIVE. 

Nicholas  Van  Dyke. 
GEORGIA. 

SENATORS. 


Chauncey  Goodrich. 


Jonathan  O.  Moseley. 
Timothy  Pitkin,  jr. 
Lewis  B.  Sturgis. 
Benjamin  Tallmadge. 


James  A.  Bayard,  2d. 


William  H.  Crawford. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


William  W.  Bibb. 
Howell  Cobb. 


Dennis  Smelt. 
George  M.  Troup. 


i  Elected  June  26, 1809. 

*  Elected  February  28, 1810;  reelected  April  17, 1810. 

»  Elected  February  23, 1811. 

« Resigned  June  10, 1810. 

G  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  James  Hill- 
house,  and  took  his  seat  December  4,  1810. 

«  Resigned  in  May,  1810,  having  been  elected  Senator. 

7  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  Samuel  W, 
Dana,  and  took  his  seat  December  3, 1810. 

68 


s  Died  November  4,  1809. 

» Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  death  of  Samuel  White, 
and  took  his  seat  January  29,  1810. 

10  Resigned  November  14, 1809. 

11  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  John  Mill- 
edge,  and  took  his  seat  December  28, 1809. 


ELEVENTH   CONGRESS. 


69 


Buckner  Thruston.1 
Henry  Clay.2 

Benjamin  Howard.3 
William  T.  Barry.  4 
Henry  Crist. 
Joseph  Desna. 


Samuel  Smith. 

John  Campbell. 
Charles  W.  Goldsborough. 
Philip  B.  Key. 
Alexander  Me  Kim. 
John  Montgomery. 
Nicholas  R.  Moore. 


Timothy  Pickering. 

Ezekiel  Bacon. 
William  Baylies.9 
Charles  Turner,  jr.10 
Orchard  Cook. 
Richard  Cutts. 
William  Ely. 
Gideon  Gardner. 
Barzillai  Gannett. 
Edward  St.  Loe  Livermore. 
Benjamin  Picfcman,  jr. 


Nicholas  Gilman. 


Daniel  Blaisdell. 
John  C.  Chamberlain. 
William  Hale. 


KENTUCKY. 

SENATORS. 
REPRESENTATIVES. 

MARYLAND. 

SENATORS. 
REPRESENTATIVES. 


John  Pope. 


Richard  M.  Johnson. 
Matthew  Lyon. 
Samuel  McKee. 


Philip  Reed. 

Roger  Nelson.5 
Samuel  Ringgold.6 
Archibald  Van  Horn. 
John  Brown.7 
Robert  Wright.8 


MASSACHUSETTS. 


SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


James  Lloyd,  jr. 

Josiah  Quincy. 
Ebenezer  Seaver. 
William  Stedman.11 
Abijah  Bigelow.12 
Samuel  Taggart. 
Jabez  Upham.13 
Joseph  Allen.14 
Joseph  B.  Varnum. 
Laban  Wheaton. 
Ezekiel  Whitman. 


NEW  HAMPSHIRE. 


SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


NEW  JERSEY. 


Nahum  Parker.15 
Charles  Cutts. 16 

Nathaniel  A.  Haven. 
James  Wilson. 


Aaron  Kitchell.17 
John  Condit.18 

Adam  Boyd. 
James  Cox.19 
John  A.  Scudder.20 
William  Helms. 


SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


John  Lambert. 


Thomas  Newbold. 
Henry  Southard. 
Jacob  Hufty. 


i  Resigned  December  18, 1809. 

a  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  Buckner 
Thruston,  and  took  his  seat  February  5,  1810. 

'Resigned  April  10,  1810,  to  become  governor  of  Upper 
Louisiana. 

*  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  Benjamin 
Howard,  and  took  his  seat  December  13, 1810. 

*  Resigned  May  14, 1810. 

*  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused   by  resignation  of  Roger 
Nelson,  and  took  his  seat  December  7, 1810. 

'  Resigned  in  1810. 

•Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  John 
Brown,  and  took  his  seat  December  3,  1810. 

»  Served  until  June  28, 1809;  succeeded  by  Charles  Turner 
jr.,  who  contested  his  election. 

'•  Successfully  contested  the  election  of  William  Baylies,  and 
took  his  seat  June  28, 1809. 


»  Resigned  July  16,  1810. 

12  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  William 
Stedman,  and  took  his  seat  December  14, 1810. 

"Resigned  in  1810. 

H  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  Jabez  Up- 
ham, and  took  his  seat  December  13,  1810. 

>5  Resigned  in  1810. 

is  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  Nahum 
Parker,  and  took  his  seat  December  4, 1810. 

»'  Resigned  March  12, 1809. 

18  Appointed  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  Aaron 
Kitchell,  and  took  his  seat  May  24, 1809;  subsequently  elected. 

is  Died  September  12, 1810. 

80  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  death  of  James  Cox,  and 
took  his  seat  December  3, 1810. 


70 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 


John  Smith. 

James  Emott. 
Jonathan  Fisk. 
Barent  Gardenier. 
Thomas  R.  Gold. 
Herman  Knickerbacker. 
Robert  Le  Roy  Livingston. 
Vincent  Matthews. 
Samuel  L.  Mitchill.1 
Gurdon  S.  Mumford. 


NEW  YORK. 

SENATORS. 
REPRESENTATIVES. 


NORTH  CAROLINA. 


James  Turner. 


Willis  Alston,  jr. 
James  Cochran. 
Meshack  Franklin. 
James  Holland. 
Thomas  Kenan. 
William  Kennedy 


Edward  Tiffin.2 
Stanley  Griswold.3 
Alexander  Cambpell.4 


SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


OHIO. 


SENATORS. 


Obadiah  German. 

John  Nicholson. 
Peter  B.  Porter. 
Erastus  Root.. 
Ebenezer  Sage. 
Thomas  Sammons. 
John  Thompson. 
Uri  Tracy. 
Killian  K.  Van  Rensselaer. 


Jesse  Franklin. 


Nathaniel  Macon. 
Archibald  McBryde. 
Joseph  Pearson. 
Lemuel  Sawyer. 
Richard  Stanford. 
John  Stanly. 


Return  J.  Meigs,  jr.5 
Thomas  Worthington. 


REPRESENTATIVE. 

Jeremiah  Morrow. 
PENNSYLVANIA. 

SENATORS. 


Andrew  Gregg. 


William  Anderson. 
David  Bard. 
Robert  Brown. 
William  Crawford. 
William  Findley. 
Daniel  Heister. 
Robert  Jenkins. 
Aaron  Lyle. 
William  Milnor. 
John  Porter. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


Michael  Leib. 


John  Rea. 
Matthias  Richards. 
John  Ross. 
Benjamin  Say.7 
Adam  Seybert.8 
John  Smilie. 
George  Smith. 
Samuel  Smith. 
Robert  Whitehill. 


RHODE  ISLAND. 


Elisha  Mathewson. 


Richard  Jackson,  jr. 


SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


Francis  Malbone.9 
Christopher  G.  Champlin.1 

Elisha  R.  Potter. 


1  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  in  the  term  commencing  March  4, 
1809,  and  took  his  seat  December  4,  1810.  William  Deming 
was  elected,  but  never  qualified. 

*  Resigned  March  3, 1809. 

*  Appointed  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  Edward 
Tiffin,  and  took  his  seat  June  2, 1809. 

4  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  Edward 
Timn,  and  took  his  seat  January  12, 1810. 

5  Resigned  May  1, 1810. 


'  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  Return 
J.  Meigs,  jr.,  and  took  his  seat  January  8,  1811. 
'  Resigned  June,  1809. 

8  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  Benjamin 
Say,  and  took  his  seat  .November  '£1, 1809. 

9  Died  June  4,  1809. 

10  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  death  of  Francis  Mai- 
bone,  and  took  his  seat  January  12, 1810. 


ELEVENTH   CONGRESS. 


71 


SOUTH   CAROLINA. 


Thomas  Sumter.1 
John  Taylor.2 


Lemuel  J.  Alston. 
William  Butler. 
Joseph  Calhoun . 
Robert  Marion.3 
Langdon  Cheves.4 


Joseph  Anderson. 


Pleasant  M.  Miller. 
John  Rhea. 


Stephen  R.  Bradley. 


William  Chamberlain. 
Martin  Chittenden. 


William  B.  Giles. 


Burwell  Basse tt. 
James  Breckenridge. 
William  A.  Burwell. 
Matthew  Clay. 
John  Clopton. 
John  G.  Jackson.8 
William  McKinley.9 
John  Dawson. 
John  W.  Eppes. 
Thomas  Gholson,  jr. 
Peterson  Goodwin. 
Edwin  Gray. 


SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


TENNESSEE. 


SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


VERMONT. 


SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


VIRGINIA. 


SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


John  Gaillard. 


Thomas  Moore. 
John  Taylor.5 
Richard  Wynn. 
Robert  Witherspoon. 


Daniel  Smith.6 
Jenkins  Whiteside.7 


Robert  Weakley. 


Jonathan  Robinson. 


Jonathan  H.  Hubbard. 
Samuel  Shaw. 


Richard  Brent. 


Walter  Jones. 
Joseph  Lewis,  jr. 
John  Love. 
Thomas  Newton,  jr. 
Wilson  C.  Nicholas.10 
David  S.  Garland." 
John  Randolph. 
John  Roane. 
Daniel  Sheffey. 
John  Smith. 
James  Stephenson. 
Jacob  Swoope. 


INDIANA  TERRITORY. 

DELEGATE. 

Jonathan  Jennings.12 
MISSISSIPPI  TERRITORY. 

DELEGATE. 

George  Poindexter. 
TERRITORY  OF  ORLEANS. 


DELEGATE. 

Julian  Poydras.13 


1  Resigned  1810. 

*  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  Thomas 
Sumter,  and  took  his  seatDecember  31,  1810. 

3  Resigned  December  4, 1811. 

4  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  Robert 
Marion,  and  took  his  seat  January  24.  1811. 

s  Resigned  December  31,  1810,  having  been  elected  Senator. 
8  Resigned  March  31,  1809. 

7  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  Daniel 
Smith,  and  took  his  seat  May  26, 1809. 


8  Resigned  September  28, 1810. 

9  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  John  G. 
Jackson,  and  took  his  seat  December  21, 1810. 

10  Resigned  November  28,  1809. 

11  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  Wilson  C. 
Nicholas,  and  took  his  seat  January  17,  1810. 

18  Took  his  seat  November  27,  1809;  election  unsuccessfully 
contested  by  Thomas  Randolph. 
z3  Took  his  seat  May  31,  1809. 


MARCH  4,  1811,  TO  MARCH  3,  1813. 


FIRST  SESSION— November  4,  1811,  to  July  6,  1812.    SECOND  SESSION— November  2, 

1812,  to  March  3,  1813. 


VICE  PBESIDENT— George  Clinton,1  of  New  York.  PRESIDENT  OF  THE  SENATE  PRO 
TEMPORE— William  H.  Crawford,2  of  Georgia.  SECRETARY  OF  THE  SENATE— Samuel  A.  Otis, 
of  Massachusetts. 

SPEAKER  OF  THE  HOUSE— Henry  Clay,  of  Kentucky.     CLERK  OF  THE  HOUSE— Patrick 

Magruder,  of  Maryland. 


Chauncey  Goodrich. 

Epaphroditus  Champion. 
John  Davenport,  jr. 
Lyman  Law. 
Jonathan  O.  Moseley. 


James  A.  Bayard,  2d3 


William  H.  Crawford. 


William  W.  Bibb. 
Howell  Cobb.4 
William  Barnett.5 


John  Pope. 

Henry  Clay. 
Josepn  Desha. 
Richard  M.  Johnson. 


CONNECTICUT. 

SENATORS. 
REPRESENTATIVES. 


DELAWARE. 

SENATORS. 
REPRESENTATIVE. 

Henry  M.  Ridgeley. 
GEORGIA. 

SENATORS. 
REPRESENTATIVES. 


KENTUCKY. 


Samuel  W.  Dana. 

Timothy  Pitkin,  jr. 
Lewis  B.  Sturgis. 
Benjamin  Tallmadge. 


Outerbridge  Horsey. 


Charles  Tait. 


Boiling  Hall. 
George  M.  Troup. 


SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


George  M.  Bibb. 

Samuel  McKee. 
Anthony  New. 
Stephen  Ormsby. 


i  Died  April  20, 1812. 
Elected  March  24, 1812. 
Resigned  March  3, 1813. 


72 


4  Resigned  in  1812.  to  accept  a  captain's  commission  in 
U.  S.  Army. 

*  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  Howell 
Cobb,  and  took  his  seat  November  27, 1812. 


TWELFTH   CONGRESS. 
LOUISIANA.1 

SENATORS. 


73 


Allan  B.  Magruder.2 


Thomas  Posey.3 
James  Brown.4 


REPRESENTATIVE. 

Thomas  Boiling  Robertson.5 
MARYLAND. 

SENATORS. 


Samuel  Smith. 

Stevenson  Archer. 
Charles  W.  Goldsborough. 
Joseph  Kent. 
Philip  B.  Key. 
Peter  Little. 


James  Lloyd,  jr. 

Ezekiel  Bacon. 
Abijah  Bigelow. 
Elijah  Brigham. 
Francis  Carr.8 
Richard  Cutts. 
William  Ely. 
Isaiah  L.  Green. 
Josiah  Quincy. 


Nicholas  Gilman. 

Josiah  Bartlett,  jr. 
Samuel  Dinsmoor. 
Obed  Hall. 


John  Lambert. 

Adam  Boyd. 
Lewis  Condit. 
Jacob  Hufty. 


John  Smith. 

Daniel  Avery. 
Harrmanus  Bleecker. 
Thomas  B.  Cook. 
James  Emott. 
Asa  Fitch. 
Thomas  R.  Gold. 
Robert  Le  Roy  Livingston.7 
Thomas  P.  Grosvenor.8 
Arunah  Metcalf. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


Philip  Reed. 

Alexander  McKim. 
Samuel  Ringgold. 
Philip  Stuart. 
Robert  Wright. 


MASSACHUSETTS. 

SENATORS. 
REPRESENTATIVES. 


Joseph  B.  Varnum. 

William  Reed. 
William  M.  Richardson. 
Ebenezer  Seaver. 
Samuel  Taggart. 
Peleg  Tallman. 
Charles  Turner,  jr. 
Laban  Wheaton. 
Leonard  White. 
William  Widgery. 


NEW  HAMPSHIRE. 

SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 

NEW  JERSEY. 

SENATORS. 
REPRESENTATIVES . 

NEW   YORK. 

SENATORS. 
REPRESENTATIVES. 


Charles  Cutte. 

John  A.  Harper. 
George  Sullivan. 


John  Condit. 

George  C.  Maxwell. 
James  Morgan . 
Thomas  Newbold. 


Obadiah  German. 

Samuel  L.  Mitchill. 
William  Paulding,  jr. 
Benjamin  Pond. 
Peter  B.  Porter. 
Ebenezer  Sage. 
Thomas  Sammons. 
Silas  Stow. 
Uri  Tracy. 
Pierre  Van  Cortlandt,  jr. 


«  Admitted  as  a  State  into  the  Union  April  8, 1812. 

s  Took  his  seat  November  18, 1812;  term  to  expire,  as  deter- 
mined by  lot,  March  3,  1813. 

8  Appointed  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  the  declination  (Octo- 
ber 1, 1812)  of  the  Senator-elect,  John  N.  Destre'han,  to  serve, 
and  took  his  seat  December  7, 1812;  term  to  expire,  as  deter- 
mined by  lot,  March  3,  1817. 

4  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  declination  of  John  N. 
Destrehan  to  serve,  and  took  his  seat  February  5, 1813. 


6  Took  his  seat  December  23, 1812. 

6  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  failure  of  Barzillai  Gan- 
nett to  qualify,  and  took  his  seat  June  3, 1812. 

i  Resigned  May  6,  1812. 

8  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  Robert  Le 
Roy  Livingston,  and  took  his  seat  January  29,  1813. 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 


NORTH  CAROLINA. 


James  Turner. 

Willis  Alston. 
William  Blacklege. 
Thomas  Blount.1 
William  Kennedy.2 
James  Cochran. 
Meshack  Franklin. 
William  R.  King. 


SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


Jesse  Franklin. 

Nathaniel  Macon. 
Archibald  McBryde. 
Joseph  Pearson. 
Israel  Pickens. 
Lemuel  Sawyer. 
Richard  Stanford. 


OHIO. 


Alexander  Campbell. 


Andrew  Gregg. 


William  Anderson. 
David  Bard. 
Robert  Brown. 
William  Crawford. 
Roger  Davis. 
William  Findley. 
John  M.  Hyneman. 
Abner  Lacock. 
Joseph  Lefever. 


Christopher  G.  Champlin.4 
William  Hunter.8 


Richard  Jackson,  jr. 


John  Gaillard. 


William  Butler. 
John  C.  Calhoun. 
Langdon  Cheves. 
Elias  Earle. 


SENATORS. 
REPRESENTATIVE. 

Jeremiah  Morrow. 
PENNSYLVANIA. 

SENATORS. 
REPRESENTATIVES. 


Thomas  Worthington. 


Michael  Leib. 


Aaron  Lyle. 
James  Milnor. 
William  Piper. 
Jonathan  Roberts. 
William  Rodman. 
Adam  Seybert. 
John  Smilie.3 
George  Smith. 
Robert  Whitehill. 


RHODE   ISLAND. 


SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


Jeremiah  B.  Howell. 


Elisha  R.  Potter. 


SOUTH  CAROLINA. 


SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


TENNESSEE. 


John  Taylor. 


William  Lowndes. 
Thomas  Moore. 
David  R.  Williams. 
Richard  Wynn. 


Joseph  Anderson. 


Felix  Grundy. 
John  Sevier. 


SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


Jenkins  Whiteside.6 
George  W.  Campbell.7 


John  Rhea. 


i  Died  February  7, 1812. 

*  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  death  of  Thomas  Blount 
and  took  his  seat  January  30, 1813. 
»  Died  December  29, 1812. 
«  Resigned  October  2,  1811. 


6  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  Christopher 
G.  Champlin,  and  took  his  seat  November  25,  1811. 

»  Resigned  October  8, 1811. 

7  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  Jenkins 
Whiteside,  and  took  his  seat  November  4,  1811. 


TWELFTH   CONGRESS. 


75 


Stephen  R.  Bradley. 


Martin  Chittenden. 
James  Fisk. 


William  B.  Giles. 


Burwell  Bassett. 
James  Breckenridge. 
William  A.  Burwell. 
Matthew  Clay. 
John  Clopton. 
John  Dawson. 
Thomas  Gholson. 
Peterson  Goodwin. 
Edwin  Gray. 
Aylett  Hawes. 
John  P.  Hungerford.1 
John  Taliaferro.2 


VERMONT. 

SENATORS. 
REPRESENTATIVES. 

VIRGINIA. 

SENATORS. 
REPRESENTATIVES. 


Jonathan  Robinson. 


Samuel  Shaw. 
William  Strong. 


Richard  Brent. 


John  Baker. 
Joseph  Lewis,  jr. 
William  McCoy. 
Hugh  Nelson. 
Thomas  Newton,  jr. 
James  Pleasants,  jr. 
John  Randolph. 
John  Roane. 
Daniel  Sheffey. 
John  Smith. 
Thomas  Wilson. 


ILLINOIS  TERRITORY.3 

DELEGATE. 

Shadrack  Bond.4 
INDIANA  TERRITORY. 

DELEGATE. 

Jonathan  Jennings. 
MISSISSIPPI  TERRITORY. 

DELEGATE. 

George  Poindexter. 
TERRITORY  OF  MISSOURI. 

DELEGATE. 

Edward  Hempstead.6 


i  Served  until  November  29, 1811;  succeeded  by  John  Talia. 
ferro,  who  contested  his  election. 

1  Successfully  contested  the  election  of  John  P.  Hungerford, 
and  took  his  seat  December  2,  1811. 

3  Formed  from  a  portion  of  Indiana  Territory  and  from 
lands  originally  ceded  to  the  United  States  by  the  State  of 
Virginia,  February  3, 1809. 


«  Took  his  seat  December  3, 1812. 

5  Formed  June  4,  1812,  from  Territory  theretofore  known  as 
Louisiana  and  ceded  by  France  to  the  United  States  by  the 
treaty  of  Paris  of  April  30,  1803. 

«  Took  his  seat  January  4,  1813. 


THIRTEENTH  CONGRESS. 


MARCH  4,  1813,  TO  MARCH  3,  1815. 


FIRST  SESSION— May  24,  1813,  to   August  2,  1813.     SECOND  SESSION— December  6, 
1813,  to  April  18,  1814.    THIRD  SESSION— September  19,  1814,  to  March  3,  1815. 


VICE  PRESIDENT— Elbridge  Gerry,1  of  Massachusetts.  PRESIDENTS  OF  THE  SENATE 
PRO  TEMPORE— Joseph  B.  Varnum,2  of  Massachusetts;  John  Gaillard,3  of  South  Carolina.  SEC- 
RETARIES OF  THE  SENATE— Samuel  A.  Otis,  of  Massachusetts ;  Charles  Cutts,4  of  New  Hampshire. 

SPEAKERS  OF  THE  HOUSE — Henry  Clay,  of  Kentucky;  Langdon  Cheves,5  of  South  Carolina. 
CLERKS  OF  THE  HOUSE— Patrick  Magruder,0  of  Maryland;  Thomas  Dougherty,7  of  Kentucky. 


Chauncey  Goodrich.8 
David  Daggett.9 


Epaphroditus  Champion. 
John  Davenport,  jr. 
Lyman  Law. 
Jonathan  0.  Moseley. 


CONNECTICUT. 

SENATORS. 
REPRESENTATIVES. 


DELAWARE. 


Samuel  W.  Dana. 


Timothy  Pitkin. 
Lewis  B.  Sturgis. 
Benjamin  Tallmadge. 


Outerbridge  Horsey. 
Thomas  Cooper. 


William  H.  Crawford.11 
William  B.  Bulloch.12 
William  W.  Bibb.13 

William  Barnett. 
William  W.  Bibb.1* 
Alfred  Cuthbert.15 
John  Forsyth. 


SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


GEORGIA. 


SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


William  H.  Wells.10 


Henry  M.  Ridgeley. 


Charles  Tait. 


Boiling  Hall. 
Thomas  Telfair. 
George  M.  Troup. 


i  Died  November  23,  1814. 
»  Elected  December  6,  1813. 

s  Elected  April  18, 1814;  November  25, 1814,  upon  the  death 
of  the  Vice  President,  Elbridge  Gerry. 

4  Elected  October  11, 1814,  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  death  of 
Samuel  A.  Otis. 

5  Elected  January  19, 1814,  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resigna- 
tion of  Henry  Clay,  on  the  same  day. 

6  Resigned  January  28, 1815,  while  resolution  was  pending  to 
remove  him  from  office  and  to  elect  a  successor. 

'  Elected  January  30, 1815. 
8  Resigned  in  1813. 

s  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  Chauncey 
Goodrich,  and  took  his  seat  May  24, 1813. 

76 


i°  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  James  A. 
Bayard,  2d,  in  preceding  Congress,  and  took  his  seat  June  10, 
1813. 

»  Resigned  March  23,  1813. 

i'  Appointed  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  William 
H.  Crawford,  and  took  his  seat  May  24, 1813. 

18  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  William  H. 
Crawford,  and  took  his  seat  December  6, 1813. 

n  Resigned  November  6, 1813,  having  been  elected  Senator. 

>5  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  William 
W.  Bibb,  and  took  his  seat  February  7, 1814. 


THIRTEENTH   CONGRESS. 


77 


KENTUCKY. 


George  M.  Bibb.1 
George  Walker.2 
William  T.  Barry.8 

James  Clark. 
Henry  Clay.6 
Joseph  H.  Hawkins.7 
Joseph  Desha. 
William  P.  Duval. 
Samuel  Hopkins. 


SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


Jesse  Bledsoe.4 
Isham  Talbot.5 


Richard  M.  Johnson. 
Samuel  McKee. 
Thomas  Montgomery. 
Stephen  Ormsby.8 
Solomon  P.  Sharp. 


LOUISIANA. 


James  Brown. 


SENATORS. 

REPRESENTATIVE. 

Thomas  B.  Robertson. 

MARYLAND. 


Elegius  Fromentin. 


Samuel  Smith. 


SENATORS. 


Robert  H.  Goldsborough. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


Stevenson  Archer. 
Charles  W.  Goldsborough. 
Alexander  C.  Hanson. 
Joseph  Kent. 
Alexander  Me  Kim. 


James  Lloyd.9 
Christopher  Gore.10 

William  Baylies. 

Abijah  Bigelow. 

George  Bradbury,  Portland. 

Elijah  Brigham. 

William  M.  Richardson.11 

Samuel  Dana.12 

Samuel  Davis,  Bath. 

Daniel  Dewey.13 

John  W.  Hulbert.14 

William  Ely. 

LeviHubbard. 


Nicholas  R.  Moore. 
Samuel  Ringgold. 
Philip  Stuart. 
Robert  Wright. 


MASSACHUSETTS. 


SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


Joseph  B.  Varnum. 


Cyrus  King,  Saco. 
James  Parker. 
Timothy  Pickering. 
John  Reed. 
William  Reed. 
Nathaniel  Rugglea. 
Samuel  Taggart. 
Artemas  Ward,  jr. 
Laban  Wheaton. 
John  Wilson. 
Abiel  Wood,  Wiscaaset. 


NEW  HAMPSHIRE. 


Nicholas  Gilman.15 
Thomas  W.  Thompson.18 

Bradbury  Cilley. 
William  Hale. 
Samuel  Smith. 


SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


Charles  Cutts.17 
Jeremiah  Mason.18 

Roger  Vose. 
Daniel  Webster. 
Jeduthan  Wilcox. 


»  Resigned  August  23,  1814. 

*  Appointed  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  George 
M.  Bibb,  and  took  his  seat  October  10, 1814. 

8  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  George  M. 
Bibb,  and  took  his  seat  February  2, 1815. 

«  Resigned  December  24, 1814.  In  response  to  personal  in- 
quiry, Senate  passed  resolution  January  20, 1815,  declaring  seat 
vacant.  (See  Senate  Election  Cases,  edition  of  1903,  p.  175.) 

6  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  Jesse  Bled- 
soe, and  took  his  seat  February  2, 1815. 

6  Resigned  January  19, 1814,  to  accept  "special  and  important 
diplomatic  mission." 

*  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  Henry  Clay, 
and  took  his  seat  March  29,  1814. 

8  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  the  death  of  John  Simp- 
son, prior  to  the  convening  of  the  Congress,  and  took  his  seat 
May  24,  1813. 

»  Resigned  May  1, 1813. 


i»  Appointed  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  James 
Lloyd,  and  took  his  seat  May  28, 1813;  subsequently  elected. 

"  Resigned  April  8,  1814. 

ls  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  William  M. 
Richardson,  and  took  his  seat  September  22, 1814. 

>*  Resigned  February  24, 1814,  having  been  appointed  justice 
of  supreme  judicial  court  of  Massachusetts. 

l<  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  Daniel 
Dewey,  and  took  his  seat  September  26, 1814. 

is  Died  May  2, 1814. 

>•  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  deathof  Nicholas  Gilman 
and  took  his  seat  September  19, 1814. 

"Appointed  to  fill  vacancy  in  term  commencing  March  3, 
1813,  there  having  been  no  election,  and  took  his  seat  May  24, 
1813. 

is  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  in  term  commencing  MarchS,  1813, 
and  took  his  seat  June  21, 1813. 


78 


CONGEESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 


John  Lambert. 

Lewis  Condit. 
William  Coxe. 
Jacob  Hufty.1 
Thomas  Bines.2 


NEW  JERSEY. 


SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


NEW  YORK. 


John  Condit. 

James  Schureman. 
Richard  Stockton. 
Thomas  Ward. 


Obadiah  German. 

Daniel  A  very. 
Egbert  Benson.3 
William  Irving.4 
John  M.  Bowers.6 
Isaac  Williams,  jr.8 
Alexander  Boyd. 
Oliver  C.  Comstock. 
Peter  Denoyelles. 
Jonathan  Fisk. 
James  Geddes. 
Thomas  P.  Grosvenor. 
Abraham  Hasbrouck. 
Samuel  M.  Hopkins. 
Nathaniel  Howell. 
Moss  Kent. 


James  Turner. 


Willis  Alston. 
John  Culpeper. 
Peter  Forney. 
Meshack  Franklin. 
William  Gaston. 
William  Kennedy. 
William  R.  King. 


Thomas  Worthington. 
Joseph  Kerr.9 


John  Alexander. 
Reazin  Beall.10 
David  Clendenen.11 
James  Caldwell. 


SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES . 


Rufus  King. 

John  Lefferts. 
John  Lovett. 
Jacob  Markell. 
Morris  S.  Miller. 
Hosea  Moffit. 
Thomas  J.  Oakley. 
Jotham  Post,  jr. 
Ebenezer  Sage. 
Samuel  Sherwood. 
Zebulon  R.  Shipherd. 
William  S.  Smith. 
John  W.  Taylor. 
Joel  Thompson. 
Elisha  J.  Winter. 


NORTH  CAROLINA. 

SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


OHIO. 

SENATORS. 
REPRESENTATIVES. 


David  Stone.7 


Nathaniel  Macon. 
William  H.  Murfee. 
Joseph  Pearson. 
Israel  Pickens. 
Richard  Stanford. 
Bartlett  Yancy. 


Jeremiah  Morrow. 


William  Creighton,  jr. 
James  Kilbourn. 
John  McLean. 


1  Died  May  20, 1814. 

2  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  death  of  Jacob  Hufty,  and 
took  his  seat  November  2, 1814. 

s  Resigned  August  2,  1813. 

4  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  Egbert 
Benson,  and  took  his  seat  January  22. 1814. 

6  Took  his  seat  June  21, 1813;  served  until  December  20, 1813; 
succeeded  by  Isaac  Williams,  jr.,  who  contested  his  election. 

6  Successfully  contested  the  election  of  John  M.  Bowers,  and 
took  his  seat  January  24, 1814. 


7  Resigned  in  1814.    Francis  Ixxske  was  appointed  to  fill 
vacancy  thus  caused,  but  never  qualified  or  took  his  seat. 

8  Resigned  December  14,  1814. 

9  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  Thomas 
Worthington,  and  took  his  seat  December  30,  1814. 

10  Resigned  in  November,  1814. 

11  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  Beazin 
Beall,  and  took  his  seat  December  22, 1814. 


THIRTEENTH   CONGRESS. 


79 


Michael  Leib.1 
Jonathan  Roberts.2 

William  Anderson. 
David  Bard. 
Robert  Brown. 
John  Conrad. 
William  Crawford. 
John  Gloninger.3 
Edward  Crouch.4 
Roger  Davis. 
William  Findley. 
Hugh  Glasgow. 
Isaac  Griffin. 
Jonathan  Roberts.  s 
Samuel  Henderson.6 
Charles  J.  Ingersoll. 


Jeremiah  B.  Howell. 
Richard  Jackson,  jr. 

John  Gaillard. 


John  C.  Calhoun. 
John  J.  Chappell. 
Langdon  Cheves. 
Elias  Earle. 
David  R.  Evans. 


Joseph  Anderson. 


John  H.  Bowen. 
Felix  Grundy.13 
Newton  Cannon.14 
Thomas  K.  Harris.15 


Jonathan  Robinson. 

William  C.  Bradley. 
Ezra  Butler.- 
James  Fisk. 


PENNSYLVANIA. 

SENATORS. 
REPRESENTATIVES. 


Abner  Lacock. 


Samuel  D.  Ingham. 
Jared  Irwin. 
Aaron  Lyle. 
William  Piper. 
John  Rea. 
Adam  Seybert. 
Isaac  Smith. 
Adamson  Tannehill. 
John  M.  Hyneman.7 
Daniel  Udree.8 
James  Whitehill.9 
Amos  Slaymaker. 10 
Thomas  Wilson,  Erie. 


RHODE  ISLAND. 


SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


William  Hunter. 


Elisha  R.  Potter. 


SOUTH  CAROLINA. 


SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


TENNESSEE. 


SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


VERMONT. 


SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


John  Taylor. 


Samuel  Farrow. 
Theodore  Gourdin. 
John  Kershaw. 
William  Lowndes. 


George  W.  Campbell.  n 
Jesse  Wharton.12 


Perry  W.  Humphreys. 
John  Rhea. 
John  Sevier. 


Dudley  Chase. 

Charles  Rich. 
Richard  Skinner. 
William  Strong. 


1  Resigned  February  14,   1814,  to  become  postmaster  of 
Philadelphia. 

2  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  Michael 
Leib,  and  took  his  seat  February  28, 1814. 

3  Resigned  August  2,  1813. 

4  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused   by  resignation  of   John 
Gloninger,  and  took  his  seat  December  6.  1813. 

6  Resigned  February  24, 1814,  having  been  elected  Senator. 

•  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  Jonathan 
Roberts,  and  fook  his  seat  November  29, 1814. 

'  Resigned  in  1813. 

8  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  John  M. 
Hyneman,  and  took  his  seat  December  6, 1813. 


•  Resigned  September  1,  1814. 

1°  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused   by  resignation  of  James 
Whitehill,  and  took  his  seat  December  12, 1814. 
»  Resigned  February  11,  1814.   . 

12  Appointed  to  fill  vacancy  in  term  commencing  March  4, 
1811,  caused  by  resignation  of  George  W.  Campbell,  and  took 
his  seat  April  9, 1814. 

13  Resigned  in  1814. 

14  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  Felix 
Grundy,  and  took  his  seat  October  15, 1814. 

"  Election  unsuccessfully  contested  by  William  Kelly. 


80 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 


William  B.  Giles.1 


Thomas  M.  Bayly.4 
James  Breckenridge. 
William  A.  Burwell. 
Hugh  Caperton. 
John  Clopton. 
John  Dawson.5 
Philip  P.  Barbour. 
John  W.  Eppes. 
Thomas  Gholson. 
Peterson  Goodwin. 
Aylett  Hawes. 
John  P.  Hungerford.7 


Shadrack  Bond.8 


VIRGINIA. 


SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


Richard  Brent.2 
James  Barbour.3 


Edward  Hempstead.1 


John  G.  Jackson. 
James  Johnson. 
John  Kerr. 
Joseph  Lewis,  jr. 
William  McCoy. 
Hugh  Nelson. 
Thomas  Newton,  jr. 
James  Pleasants,  jr. 
John  Roane. 
Daniel  Sheffey. 
John  Smith. 
Francis  White. 

ILLINOIS  TERRITORY. 

DELEGATES. 

Benjamin  Stephenson.9 
INDIANA  TERRITORY. 

Jonathan  Jennings. 

DELEGATE. 

MISSISSIPPI  TERRITORY. 

DELEGATE. 

William  Lattimore.10 
TERRITORY  OF  MISSOURI. 

DELEGATES. 

Rufus  Easton.12 


1  Resigned  March  3,  1815. 

2  Died  December  30, 1814. 

3  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  death  of  Richard  Brent, 
and  took  his  seat  January  11, 1815. 

4  Election  unsuccessfully  contested  by  Burwell  Bassett. 
6  Died  March  30, 1814. 

•  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  death  of  John  Dawson, 
and  took  his  seat  September  19, 1814. 


7  Election  unsuccessfully  contested  by  John  Taliaferro. 

«  Resigned  September  29,  1814. 

»  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  Shadrack 
Bond,  and  took  his  seat  November  14, 1814. 
10  Took  his  seat  December  6, 1813. 
"  Took  his  seat  June  10, 1813. 
i*  Took  his  seat  November  16, 1814. 


FOURTEENTH  CONGRESS. 


MARCH  4,  1815,  TO  MARCH  3,  1817. 


FIRST  SESSION— December  4,  1815,  to  April  30,  1816.    SECOND  SESSION— December  2, 

1816,  to  March  3,  1817. 


VICE  PRESIDENT 


PRESIDENT  OF  THE  SENATE  PRO  TEMPORE— John 


Gaillard,  of  South  Carolina.     SECRETARY  OF  THE  SENATE — Charles  Cutts,  of  New  Hampshire. 

SPEAKER  OF  THE  HOUSE— Henry  Clay,  of  Kentucky.     CLERK  OF  THE  HOUSE— Thomas 
Dougherty,  of  Kentucky. 


Samuel  W.  Dana. 

Epaphroditus  Champion. 
John  Davenport,  jr. 
Lyman  Law. 
Jonathan  0.  Moseley. 


Outerbridge  Horsey. 
Thomas  Clayton. 

Charles  Tait. 


Alfred  Cuthbert.* 
Zadock  Cook.5 
John  Forsy th. 
Boiling  Hall. 


James  Noble.7 


CONNECTICUT. 

SENATORS. 
REPRESENTATIVES. 


DELAWARE. 

SENATORS. 
REPRESENTATIVES. 

GEORGIA. 

SENATORS. 

REPRESENTATIVES . 


David  Daggett. 


Timothy  Pitkin. 
Lewis  B.  Sturgis. 
Benjamin  Tallmadge. 


William  H.  Wella. 


Thomas  Cooper. 


William  W.  Bibb.2 
George  M.  Troup.3 


Wilson  Lumpkin. 
Thomas  Telfair. 
Richard  Henry  Wilde. 


INDIANA.6 

SENATORS 
REPRESENTATIVE. 

William  Hendricks.9 


Waller  Taylor. 


1  Vice  President  Elbridge  Gerry  died  in  preceding  Congress. 

*  Resigned  November  9,  1816. 

8  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  William  W. 
Bibb,  and  took  his  seat  December  12,  1816. 

« Resigned  in  1816. 

6  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  Alfred  Cuth- 
bert,  and  took  his  seat  January  23, 1817. 

50346°— S.  Doc.  654,  61-2 6 


«  Admitted  as  a  State  Into  the  Union  December  11, 1816. 

*  Took  his  seat  December  12,  1816;  term  to  expire,  as  de- 
termined by  lot,  March  3,  1821. 

8  Took  his  seat  December  12,  1816;  term  to  expire,  as  de- 
termined by  lot,  March  3,  1819. 

»  Took  his  seat  December  2,  1816. 


81 


82 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 


William  T.  Barry.1 
Martin  D.  Hardin.2 


James  Clark.1 
Thomas  Fletcher.3 
Henry  Clay. 
Joseph  Desha. 
Benjamin  Hardin. 
Richard  M.  Johnson. 


James  Brown. 


KENTUCKY. 

SENATORS. 
REPRESENTATIVES. 


Isham  Talbot. 


Alney  McLean. 
Samuel  McKee. 
Stephen  Ormsby. 
Solomon  P.  Sharpe. 
Micah  Taul. 


LOUISIANA. 

SENATORS. 
REPRESENTATIVE. 

Thomas  B.  Robertson. 
MARYLAND. 


Elegius  Fromentin. 


Robert  H.  Goldsborough. 


Stevenson  Archer. 
George  Baer. 

Charles  W.  Goldsborough. 
John  C.  Herbert. 
William  Pinkney.8 
Peter  Little.7 


SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


Robert  G.  Harper.4 
Alexander  C.  Hanson.* 


Alexander  C.  Hanson.8 
George  Peter.9 
Samuel  Smith.10 
Philip  Stuart. 
Robert  Wright. 


MASSACHUSETTS. 


Joseph  B.  Varnum. 


William  Baylies. 
George  Bradbury. 
Elijah  Brigham.13 
Benjamin  Adams.14 
Benjamin  Brown. 
James  Carr. 
Samuel  S.  Conner. 
John  W.  Hulburt. 
Cyrus  King. 
Elijah  H.  Mills. 
Jeremiah  Nelson. 


SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


Christopher  Gore.11 
Eli  P.  Ashmun.12 


Albion  K.  Parris. 
Timothy  Pickering. 
John  Reed. 
Thomas  Rice. 
Nathaniel  Ruggles. 
Asahel  Stearns. 
Solomon  Strong. 
Samuel  Taggart. 
Artemus  Ward,  jr. 
Laban  Wheaton. 


NEW  HAMPSHIRE. 


Jeremiah  Mason. 


Charles  H.  Atherton. 
Bradbury  Cilley. 
William  Hale. 


SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


Thomas  W.  Thompson. 


Roger  Vose. 
Daniel  Webster. 
Jeduthan  Wilcox. 


i  Resigned  in  1816. 

5  Appointed  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  Wil- 
liam T.  Barry,  and  took  his  seat  December  5,  1816;  subse- 
quently elected. 

3  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  James  Clark, 
and  took  his  seat  December  2,  1816. 

4  Elected  to  serve  "  from  January  29,  1816,  to  March  3, 1821," 
and  took  his  seat  February  5,  1816;  resigned  December  6, 1816. 

6  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  Robert  G. 
Harper,  and  took  his  seat  January  2, 1817. 

•  Took  his  seat  January  8,  1816;  resigned  April  18,  1816, 
having  been  appointed  minister  to  Russia. 

7  Elected  to  nil  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  William 
Pinkney,  and  took  his  seat  December  2, 1816. 


8  Resigned  November,  1816,  having  been  elected  Senator. 

9  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  Alexander 
C.  Hanson,  and  took  his  seat  December  2,  1816. 

">  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  Nicholas 
R.  Moore,  prior  to  the  convening  of  Congress,  and  took  his  seat 
February  4,  1816. 

"  Resigned  May  30,  1816. 

12  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  Christopher 
Gore,  and  took  his  seat  December  2,"  1816. 

13  Died  February  2,  1816. 

14  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  death  of  Elijah  Brigham, 
and  took  his  seat  December  2, 1816. ' 


FOURTEENTH   CONGRESS. 


83 


John  Condit. 

Ezra  Baker. 
Ephrairn  Bateman. 
Benjamin  Bennet. 


Rufus  King. 

Asa  Adgate. 
Enos  T.  Throop.1 
Daniel  Avery.2 
Samuel  R.  Betts. 
James  Birdsall. 
Victory  Birdseye. 
Micah  Brooks. 
Jonathan  Fisk. 3 
Daniel  Cady. 
Oliver  C.  Comstock. 
Henry  Crocheron. 
Thomas  R.  Gold. 
Thomas  P.  Grosvenor. 
Jabez  D.  Hammond. 
William  Irving. 
Moss  Kent. 


James  Turner.9 
Montfort  Stokes.10 

Joseph  H.  Bryan. 
James  W.  Clark. 
John  Culpeper. 
Nathaniel  Macon. 12 
Weldon  N.  Edwards.13 
Daniel  M.  Forney. 
William  Gaston. 


NEW  JERSEY. 

SENATORS. 
REPRESENTATIVES. 


NEW  YORK. 


SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


James  J.  Wilson. 

Lewis  Condit. 
Henry  Southard. 
Thomas  Ward. 


Nathan  Sanford. 

John  Lovett. 
Hosea  Moffit. 
Peter  B.  Porter.4 
Archibald  S.  Clarke.6 
John  Adams.6 
Erastus  Root.7 
John  Savage. 
Abraham  H.  Schenck. 
John  W.  Taylor. 
George  Townsend. 
Jonathan  Ward. 
Peter  H.  Wendpver. 
James  W.  Wilkin. 
Westel  Willoughby,  jr.8 
John  B.  Yates. 


NORTH  CAROLINA. 

SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


Nathaniel  Macon.11 


William  R.  King.34 
Charles  Hooks.15 
William  C.  Love. 
William  H.  Murfree. 
Israel  Pickens. 
Richard  Stanford.18 
Samuel  Dickens.17 
Lewis  Williams. 
Bartlett  Yancy. 


OHIO. 


Jeremiah  Morrow. 

John  Alexander. 
James  Caldwell. 
David  Clendenen. 
William  Creighton,  jr. 


SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


Benjamin  Ruggles. 

James  Kilbourn. 
John  McLean.18 
William  Henry  Harrison.19 


1  Resigned  June,  1816. 

2  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  Enos  T. 
Throop,  and  took  his  seat  December  3,  1816. 

3  Resigned  in  June,  1815,  before  the  assembling  of  the  Con- 
gress. 

4  Resigned  January  23,  1816. 

6  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  Peter  B. 
Porter,  and  took  his  seat  December  2,  1816. 

•  Served  until  December  20,  1815;  succeeded  by  Erastus 
Root,  who  contested  his  election. 

7  Successfully  contested  the  election  of  John  Adams,  and  took 
his  seat  December  26,  1815. 

8  Successfully  contested  the  election  of  William  S.  Smith,  and 
took  his  seat  December  13,  1815.    (Mr.  Smith  did  not  appear 
or  claim  the  seat,  although  credentials  had  been  presented.) 

8  Resigned  November  21,  1816. 

10  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  James  Tur- 
ner, and  took  his  seat  December  16,  1816. 


11  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  David  Stone 
in  preceding  Congress  and  the  refusal  of  Francis  Locke  to  serve, 
and  took  his  seat  December  13. 1815. 

12  Resigned  December,  1815,  having  been  elected  Senator. 

13  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  Nathaniel 
Macon,  and  took  his  seat  February  7,  1816. 

K  Resigned  November  4, 1816. 

l*  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  William  R. 
King,  and  took  his  seat  December  2,  1816. 
'»  Died  April  9,  1816. 

17  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  death  of  Richard  Stan- 
ford, and  took  his  seat  December  2,  1816. 

18  Resigned  in  1816. 

19  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  John 
McLean,  and  took  his  seat  December  2,  1816. 


84 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 


PENNSYLVANIA. 


Abner  Lacock. 

Thomas  Burnside.1 
William  P.  Maclay.2 
William  Crawford. 
William  Darlington. 
Jonathan  Williams.3 
William  Findley.4 
Hugh  Glasgow. 
Isaac  Griffin. 
John  Hahn. 
Joseph  Heister. 
Joseph  Hopkinson. 
Samuel  D.  Ingham. 


Jeremiah  B.  Howell. 
John  L.  Boss,  jr. 

John  Gaillard. 


John  J.  Chappell. 
Benjamin  Huger. 
William  Lowndes. 
William  Mayrant.7 
Stephen  D.  Miller.8 


George  W.  Campbell.9 


William  G.  Blount. 
Newton  Cannon. 
Bennett  H.  Henderson. 


SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


RHODE  ISLAND. 


SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


Jonathan  Roberts. 

Jared  Irwin. 
William  Maclay. 
William  Milnor. 
William  Piper. 
John  Ross. 
John  Sergeant. 
Thomas  Smith. 
James  Wallace. 
John  Whiteside. 
Thomas  Wilson. 
William  Wilson. 
Aaron  Lyle. 


William  Hunter. 


James  B.  Mason. 


SOUTH  CAROLINA. 

SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


TENNESSEE. 


SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


VERMONT. 


John  Taylor.5 
William  Smith.8 


John  C.  Calhoun. 
Henry  Middleton. 
Thomas  Moore. 
John  Taylor. 
William  Woodward. 


Jesse  Wharton. 
John  Williams.10 

Samuel  Powel. 
James  B.  Reynolds. 
Isaac  Thomas. 


Dudley  Chase. 

Daniel  Chipman." 
Luther  Jewett. 
Chauncey  Langdon. 


SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


Isaac  Tichenor. 

Asa  Lyon. 
Charles  Marsh. 
John  Noyes. 


i  Resigned  in  April,  1816. 

*  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  Thomas 
Burnside,  and  took  his  seat  December  3,  1816. 

*  Died  May  16,  1815,  before  the  assembling  of  Congress. 

*  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  the  death  of  Jonathan 
Williams  and  took  his  seat  December,  1816. 

5  Resigned  in  1816. 

6  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  John  Taylor, 
and  took  his  seat  January  10,  1817. 

i  Resigned  October  21, 1816. 

8  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  William 
Mayrant,  and  took  his  seat  January  2, 1817. 


9  Elected  for  the  term  commencing  March  4, 1815,  and  took 
his  seat  December  4,  1815;  vacancy  from  March  4,  1815,  to 
October  10. 1815. 

10  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  in  term  ending  March  3, 1817,  caused 
by  resignation  of  George  W.  Campbell  from  this  class  in  the 
preceding  Congress  (Jesse  Wharton  having  served  by  appoint- 
mentfrom  April  9, 1814,  to  October  10,  1815),  and  took  his  seat 
December  4, 1815. 

11  Resigned  May  5, 1816. 


FOURTEENTH   CONGRESS. 


85 


Armistead  T.  Mason.1 

Philip  P.  Barbour. 
Burwell  Bassett. 
James  Breckenridge. 
William  A.  Burwell. 
John  Clopton.2 
John  Tyler.3 
Peterson  Goodwin. 
Aylett  Hawes. 
John  P.  Hungerford. 
John  G.  Jackson. 
James  Johnson. 
John  Kerr. 
Joseph  Lewis,  jr. 


Benjamin  Stephenson. 


VIRGINIA. 


SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


John  Scott.8 


James  Barbour. 

William  McCoy.4 
Hugh  Nelson. 
Thomas  Gholson.5 
Thomas  M.  Nelson.6 
Thomas  Newton,  jr. 
James  Pleasants,  jr. 
John  Randolph. 
William  H.  Roane. 
Daniel  Sheffey. 
Ballard  Smith. 
Magnus  Tate. 
Henry  St.  George  Tucker. 


ILLINOIS  TERRITORY. 

DELEGATES. 

Nathaniel  Pope.7 
INDIANA  TERRITORY. 

DELEGATE. 

Jonathan  Jennings. 
MISSISSIPPI  TERRITORY. 

DELEGATE. 

William  Lattimore. 
TERRITORY  OF  MISSOURI. 

DELEGATES. 

Rufus  Easton.9 


i  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  William  B. 
Giles  in  preceding  Congress,  and  took  his  seat  January  22, 1816. 

*  Died  September  11,  1816. 

3  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  death  of  John  Clopton, 
and  took  his  seat  December  17,  1816. 

*  Election  unsuccessfully  contested  by  Robert  Porterfleld. 
»  Died  July  4, 1816. 


•  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  death  of  Thomas  Ghol- 
son, and  took  his  seat  December  4,  1816. 

i  Took  his  seat  December  2,  1816. 

8  Served  until  January  13, 1817;  succeeded  by  Rums  Easton, 
who  contested  his  election. 

s  Successfully  contested  the  election  of  John  Scott,  and  took 
his  seat  January  13,  1817. 


FIFTEENTH  CONGRESS. 


MARCH  4,  1817,  TO  MARCH  3,  1819. 


FIRST  SESSION— December  1,  1817,  to  April  20,  1818.  SECOND  SESSION— November 
16,  1818,  to  March  3,  1819.  SPECIAL  SESSION  OF  THE  SENATE— March  4,  1817, 
to  March  6,  1817. 


VICE  PRESIDENT— Daniel  D.  Tompkins,  of  New  York.  PRESIDENTS  OF  THE  SENATE 
PRO  TEMPORE—  John  Gaillard,'  of  South  Carolina;  James  Barbour,2  of  Virginia.  SECRETARY 
OF  THE  SENATE — Charles  Cutts,  of  New  Hampshire. 

SPEAKER  OF  THE  HOUSE— Henry  Clay,  of  Kentucky.  CLERK  OF  THE  HOUSE— Thomas 
Dougherty,  of  Kentucky. 


Samuel  W.  Dana.3 


Uriel  Holmes.4 
Sylvester  Gilbert.5 
Ebenezer  Huntington. 
Jonathan  O.  Moseley. 


Outerbridge  Horsey. 
Willard  Hall. 

Charles  Tait. 


Joel  Abbot. 
Thomas  W.  Cobb. 
Zadock  Cook. 
Joel  Crawford. 


CONNECTICUT. 


SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


DELAWARE. 

SENATORS. 
REPRESENTATIVES. 

GEORGIA. 

SENATORS. 
REPRESENTATIVES. 


David  Daggett. 


Timothy  Pitkin. 
Samuel  B.  Sherwood. 
Nathaniel  Terry. 
Thomas  S.  Williams. 


Nicholas  Van  Dyke. 


Louis  McLane. 


George  M.  Troup.6 
John  Forsyth.7 


John  Forsyth.8 

Robert  Raymond  Reid.9 

William  Terrill. 


i  Continuing  from  preceding  session;  elected  March  6,  1817 
(special  session  of  the  Senate);  March  31,  1818. 

»  Elected  February  15,  1819. 

» The  rule  requiring  Senators  to  stand  when   addressing 
the  Chair  was  suspended  in  his  favor  April  9,  1818. 

« Resigned  in  1818. 

&  Elected   to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  Urie 
Holmes,  and  took  his  seat  November  16,  1818. 

86 


8  Resigned  September  23,  1818. 

7  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  George 
M.  Troup,  and  took  his  seat  November  23, 1818;  resigned  Feb- 
ruary 17,  1819. 

8  Resigned  November  23, 1818,  having  been  elected  Senator, 
a  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  John  For- 
syth,  and  took  his  seat  February  18,  1819. 


FIFTEENTH  CONGRESS. 


Jesse  B.  Thomas.2 


James  Noble. 


Isham  Talbot. 


Richard  C.  Anderson,  jr. 
Henry  Clay. 
Joseph  Desha. 
Richard  M.  Johnson. 
Anthony  New. 


Eligius  Fromentin. 


Thomas  B.  Robertson.8 


Robert  H.  Goldsborough. 


Thomas  Bayly. 
Thomas  Culbreth. 
John  C.  Herbert. 
Peter  Little. 
George  Peter. 


Eli  P.  Ashmun.10 
Prentiss  Mellen.11 


ILLINOIS.1 

SENATORS. 
REPRESENTATIVE. 

John  McLean.4 
INDIANA. 

SENATORS. 
REPRESENTATIVE. 

William  Hendricks. 
KENTUCKY. 

SENATORS. 
REPRESENTATIVES. 


Ninian  Edwards.3 


Waller  Taylor. 


LOUISIANA. 

vSENATORS. 
REPRESENTATIVES. 

MARYLAND. 

SENATORS. 
REPRESENTATIVES. 


John  J.  Cri'ttenden.5 


Tunstall  Quarles,  jr. 
George  Robertson. 
Thomas  Speed. 
David  Trimble. 
David  Walker. 


William  C.  C.  Claiborne. 
Henry  Johnson.7 


Thomas  Butler.9 


Alexander  C.  Hanson. 


Philip  Reed. 
Samuel  Ringgold. 
Samuel  Smith. 
Philip  Stuart. 


MASSACHUSETTS. 


SENATORS. 


Harrison  Gray  Otis. 


1  Admitted  as  a  State  into  the  Union  December  3, 1818. 

2  Took  his  seat  December  4, 1818;  term  to  expire,  as  deter- 
mined by  lot,  March  3,  1823. 

3  Took  his  seat  December  4, 1818;  term  to  expire,  as  deter- 
mined by  lot,  March  3,  1819. 

«  Took  his  seat  December  4,  1818. 

s  Resigned  March  3,  1819. 

«  Died  November  23, 1817.  Never  qualified. 


7  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  death  of  William  C.  C. 
Claiborne,  and  took  his  seat  February  26,  1818. 

8  Resigned  April  20,  1818. 

9  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  Thomas  B. 
Robertson,  and  took  his  seat  November  16,  1818. 

10  Resigned  May  10, 1818. 

11  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  Eli  P.  Ash- 
mun, and  took  his  seat  November  16,  1818. 


88 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


Benjamin  Adams. 
Samuel  C.  Allen. 
Walter  Folger,  jr. 
Timothy  Fuller. 
Joshua  Gage. 
John  Holmes. 
Albion  K.  Paris.1 
Enoch  Lincoln.2 
Jonathan  Mason. 
Elijah  H.  Mills. 
Marcus  Morton. 


Walter  Leake.4 


Jeremiah  Mason.7 
Clement  Storer.8 

Josiah  Butler. 
Clifton  Clagett. 
Salma  Hale. 


Jeremiah  Nelson. 
Benjamin  Orr. 
Thomas  Rice. 
Nathaniel  Ruggles. 
Zabdiel  Sampson. 
Henry  Shaw. 
Nathaniel  Silsbee. 
Solomon  Strong. 
Ezekiel  Whitman. 
John  Wilson. 


MISSISSIPPI.3 

SENATORS. 
REPRESENTATIVE. 

George  Poindexter.6 
NEW  HAMPSHIRE. 

SENATORS. 


Thomas  H.  Williams.5 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


NEW  JERSEY. 


David  L.  Morrill 


Arthur  Livermore. 
John  F.  Parrott. 
Nathaniel  Upham. 


James  J.  Wilson. 

Ephraim  Bateman. 
Benjamin  Bennet. 
Joseph  Bloomfield. 


Rufus  King. 

Oliver  C.  Comstock. 
Daniel  Cruger. 
John  P.  Cushman. 
John  R.  Drake. 
Benjamin  Ellicott. 
Josiah  Hasbrouck. 
John  Herkimer. 
Thomas  H.  Hubbard. 
William  Irving.9 
Dorrance  Kirtland. 
Thomas  Lawyer. 
David  A.  Ogden. 
John  Palmer. 
James  Porter. 


SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


NEW  YORK. 


SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES . 


Mahlon  Dickerson. 

Charles  Kinsey. 
John  Linn. 
Henry  Southard. 


Nathan  Sanford. 

John  Savage. 
Philip  J.  Schuyler. 
Treadwell  Scudder. 
John  C.  Spencer. 
Henry  R.  Storrs. 
James  Tallmadge,  jr. 
John  W.  Taylor. 
Caleb  Tomkins. 
George  Townsend. 
Peter  H.  Wendover. 
Rensselaer  Westerlo. 
James  W.  Wilkin. 
Isaac  Williams. 


1  Resigned  February  3,  1818. 

3  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  Albion  K. 
Parris,  and  took  his  seat  November  16,  1818. 

»  Admitted  as  a  State  into  the  Union  December  10, 1817. 

4  Took  his  seat  December  11, 1817;  term  to  expire,  as  deter- 
mined by  lot,  March  3,  1821. 

6  Took  his  seat  December  11,  1817;  term  to  expire,  as  deter- 
mined by  lot,  March  3,  1823. 


«  Took  his  seat  December  15,  1817. 
*  Resigned  June  16,  1817. 

8  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  Jeremiah 
Mason,  and  took  his  seat  December  1,  1817. 

9  Resigned  April  20,  1818. 


FIFTEENTH   CONGRESS. 


89 


NORTH  CAROLINA. 


Nathaniel  Macon. 

Joseph  H.  Bryan. 
Weldon  N.  Edwards. 
Daniel  M.  Forney.1 
William  Davidson.2 
Thomas  H.  Hall. 
George  Mumford.3 
Charles  Fisher.4 
James  Owen. 


Jeremiah  Morrow. 

Levi  Barber. 
Philemon  Beecher. 
John  W.  Campbell. 


Abner  Lacock. 

William  Anderson. 
Henry  Baldwin. 
Andrew  Bpden. 
Isaac  Darlington. 
Joseph  Hiester. 
Joseph  Hopkinson. 
Samuel  D.  Ingham.6 
Samuel  Moore.7 
William  Maclay. 
William  P.  Maclay. 
David  Marchand. 
Robert  Moore. 
John  Murray. 


William  Hunter. 
John  L.  Boss,  jr. 


John  Gaillard. 

Joseph  Bellinger. 
Elias  Earle. 
James  Erwin. 
William  Lowndes. 
Henry  Middleton. 


SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


Montfort  Stokes. 

Lemuel  Sawyer. 
Thomas  Settle. 
Jesse  Slocumb. 
James  S.  Smith. 
James  Stewart. 
Felix  Walker. 
Louis  Williams. 


OHIO. 

SENATORS. 
REPRESENTATIVES . 

PENNSYLVANIA. 

SENATORS. 
REPRESENTATIVES. 


Benjamin  Ruggles. 

William  Henry  Harrison. 
Samuel  Herrick.5 
Peter  Hitchcock. 


Jonathan  Roberts. 

Alexander  Ogle. 
Thomas  Patterson. 
Levi  Pawling. 
John  Ross.8 
Thomas  J.  Rogers.8 
John  Sergeant. 
Adam  Seybert. 
Jacob  Spangler.10 
Jacob  Hostetter.11 
Christian  Tarr. 
James  Wallace. 
John  Whiteside. 
William  Wilson. 


RHODE  ISLAND. 

SENATORS. 
REPRESENTATIVES . 


James  Burrill,  jr. 


James  B.  Mason. 


SOUTH  CAROLINA. 


SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


William  Smith. 

Stephen  D.  Miller. 
Wilson  Nesbitt. 
Eldred  Simkins.12 
Starling  Tucker. 


i  Resigned  in  1818. 

3  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  Daniel  M. 
Forney,  and  took  his  seat  December  2,  1818. 

s  Died  December  31,  1818. 

<  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  death  of  George  Mumford, 
and  took  his  seat  February  11,  1819. 

5  Election  unsuccessfully  contested  by  Charles  Hammond. 
This  case  was  one  of  a  number  in  the  same  Congress  that  have 
been  frequently  referred  to  as  determining  the  rights  of  a 
Representative-elect  to  hold  a  Federal  office  after  the  4th  of 
March — the  day  of  the  beginning  of  the  congressional  term  to 
which  they  were  elected.  They  are  reported  at  length  in 


Clark  &  Hall's  publication,  and  also  in  the  Digest  of  House 
Election  Cases,  edition  of  1901,  pp.  70-74. 
«  Resigned  July  6, 1818. 

*  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  Samuel  D. 
Ingham,  and  took  his  seat  November  16, 1818. 
8  Resigned  February  24, 1818. 

s  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  John  Ross, 
and  took  his  seat  March  24, 1818. 
i"  Resigned  April  20,  1818. 

"  Elected  to   fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  Jacob 
Spangler,  and  took  his  seat  November  16, 1818. 
12  Resigned  November  3, 1817. 


90 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 


George  W.  Campbell.1 
John  H.  Eaton  .2 


William  G.  Blount. 
Thomas  Claiborne. 
Samuel  Hogg. 


Dudley  Chase.3 
James  Fisk.4 
William  A.  Palmer.5 

Heman  Allen.6 
Samuel  C.  Crafts. 
William  Hunter. 


James  Barbour. 

Archibald  Austin. 
William  Lee  Ball. 
Philip  P.  Barbour. 
Burwell  Bassett. 
William  A.  Burwell. 
Edward  Colston. 
John  Floyd. 
Robert  S.  Garnett. 
Peterson  Goodwin.7 
John  Pegram.8 
James  Johnson. 
William  J.  Lewis 


TENNESSEE. 


SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


VERMONT. 


SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


VIRGINIA. 


SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


John  Williams. 


Francis  Jones. 
George  W.  L.  Marr. 
John  Rhea. 


Isaac  Tichenor. 


Orsamus  C.  Merrill. 
Charles  Rich. 
Mark  Richards. 


John  W.  Eppes. 

William  McCoy. 
Charles  F.  Mercer. 
Hugh  Nelson. 
Thomas  M.  Nelson. 
Thomas  Newton,  jr. 
James  Pindall. 
James  Pleasants. 
Ballard  Smith. 
Alexander  Smyth. 
George  F.  Strother. 
Henry  St.  George  Tucker 
John  Tyler. 


ALABAMA  TERRITORY.9 

DELEGATE. 

John  Crowell.10 
ILLINOIS  TERRITORY 

DELEGATE. 

Nathaniel  Pope. 
TERRITORY  OF  MISSOURI. 

DELEGATE. 

John  Scott. 


1  Resigned,  to  take  effect  at  the  close  of  the  ensuing  session 
(April  20, 1818),  to  become  Minister  to  Russia. 

2  Appointed  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  George 
W.  Campbell,  and  took  his  seat  November  16,  1818;  subse- 
quently elected. 

»  Resigned  November  3, 1817,  to  become  chief  judge  of  the 
supreme  court  of  Vermont. 

<  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  Dudley 
Chase,  and  took  his  seat  December  1, 1817;  resigned  January  8, 
1818. 

&  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignations  of  Dudley 
Chace  and  James  Fisk,  and  took  his  seat  November  16,  1818. 


6  Resigned,  to  take  effect  April  20,  1818. 
'  Died  February  21,  1818. 

8  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  death  of  Peterson  Good- 
win, and  took  his  seat  November  16,  1818. 

9  Formed  from  a  portion  of  Mississippi  Territory  and  from 
lands  originally  ceded  to  the  United  States  by  the  states  of 
Georgia  and  South  Carolina,  by  act  of  March  3, 1817;  granted 
a  Delegate  in  Congress  by  the  same  act. 

10  Took  his  seat  March  9,  1818. 


SIXTEENTH  CONGRESS. 


MARCH  4,  1819,  TO  MARCH  3,  1821. 


FIRST  SESSION— December  6,  1819,  to  May  15,  1820.     SECOND  SESSION— November  13, 

1820,  to  March  3,  1821. 


VICE  PRESIDENT— Daniel  D.  Tompkins,  of  New  York.  PRESIDENTS  OF  THE  SENATE  PRQ 
TEMPORE — James  Harbour,  of  Virginia;  John  Gaillard,1  of  South  Carolina.  SECRETARY  OF 
THE  SENATE — Charles  Cutts,  of  New  Hampshire. 

SPEAKERS  OF  THE  HOUSE— Henry  Clay,2  of  Kentucky ;  John  W.  Taylor,3  of  New  York.  CLERK 
OF  THE  HOUSE— Thomas  Dougherty,  of  Kentucky. 


ALABAMA.4 

SENATORS. 

John  W.  Walker,5  Huntsville.  William  R.  King,6  Cahawba. 

REPRESENTATIVE. 

John  Crowell,7  St.  Stephens. 
CONNECTICUT. 

SENATORS. 

Samuel  W.  Dana,  Middletown.  James  Lanman,  Norwich. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

Henry  W.  Edwards,  New  Haven.  John  Russ,  Hartford. 

Samuel  A.  Foot,  Cheshire.  James  Stevens,  Stamford. 

Jonathan  O.  Moseley,  East  Haddam.  Gideon  Tomlinson,  Fairfield. 
Elisha  Phelps,  Simsbury. 

DELAWARE. 

SENATORS.- 

Outerbridge  Horsey,  Wilmington.  Nicholas  Van  Dyke,  Newcastle. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

Willard  Hall,8  Dover.  Louis  McLane,  Wilmington. 

i  Elected  January  25, 1820.  'Took  his  seat  December  22,1819;  term  to  expire,  as  de- 

» Resigned  as  Speaker  October  28, 1820.  termined  by  lot,  March  3,  1823. 

'  Elected  November  15,  1820.  7  Took  his  seat  December  14, 1819. 

« Admitted  as  a  State  into  the  Union  December  14,  1819.  8  Resigned  January  22, 1821. 
5  Took  his  seat  December  14,  1819;  term  to  expire,  as  de- 
termined by  lot,  March  3,  1825. 

91 


92  CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 

GEORGIA. 

SENATORS. 

John  Elliott,  Sunbury.  Freeman  Walker,1  Augusta. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

Joel  Abbot,  Washington.  John  A.  Cuthbert,  Eatonton. 

Thomas  W.  Cobb,  Lexington.  Robert  R.  Reid,  Augusta. 

Joel  Crawford,  Milledgeville  William  Terrill,  Sparta. 

ILLINOIS. 

SENATORS. 

Jesse  B.  Thomas,  Edwardsville.  Ninian  Edwards,  Edwardsville. 

REPRESENTATIVE. 

Daniel  P.  Cook,  Kaskaskia. 
INDIANA. 

SENATORS. 

James  Noble,  Brookville.  Waller  Taylor,  Vincennes. 

REPRESENTATIVE . 

William  Hendricks.  Madison. 
KENTUCKY. 

SENATORS. 

Richard  M.  Johnson,2  Great  Crossings.  William  Logan.8 

Isham  Talbot,4  Frankfort. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

Richard  C.  Anderson,  jr.,  Louisville.  Thomas  Metcalfe,  Carlisle. 

William  Brown,  Cynthiana.  Tunstall  Quarles.7 

Henry  Clay,  Lexington.  Thomas  Montgomery,8  Stanford. 

Benjamin  Hardin,  Bardstown.  George  Robertson,  Lancaster. 

David  Walker.8  David  Trimble,  Mount  Sterling. 

Francis  Johnson,6  Bowling  Green.  Alney  McLean,  Greenville. 

LOUISIANA. 

SENATORS. 

Henry  Johnson,  Donaldsonville.  James  Brown,  New  Orleans. 

REPRESENTATIVE. 

Thomas  Butler,  St.  Francisville. 

1  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignations  of  George  M.  4  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  William 

Troup  and  John  Forsyth  in  preceding  Congress,  and  took  his  Logan,  and  took  his  seat  November  27, 1820. 

seat  December  15, 1819;  vacancy  in  this  class  from  February  6  Died  March  1, 1820. 

17,  1819,  to  November  6,  1819.  6  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  death  of  David  Walker, 

"Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  John  J.  and  took  his  seat  November  13,  1820. 

Crittenden  In  preceding  Congress,  and  took  his  seat  January  7  Resigned  in  1820. 

3, 1820.  8  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  Tunstall 

»  Resigned  November  27,  1820.  Quarles,  and  took  his  seat  November  13, 1820. 


SIXTEENTH   CONGRESS. 
MAINE.1 


93 


SENATORS. 

John  Chandler,2  Monmouth.  John  Holmes,3  Falmouth. 

REPRESENTATIVE. 

Joseph  Dane,4  Kennebunk. 
MARYLAND. 


Alexander  C.  Hanson.5 
William  Pinkney,6  Baltimore. 

Stevenson  Archer,  Belair. 
Thomas  Bayly,  Princess  Anne. 
Thomas  Culbreth,  Den  ton. 
Joseph  Kent,  Bladensburg. 
Peter  Little,  Freedom. 


SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


Edward  Lloyd,  Easton. 


Raphael  Neale,  Leonard  town. 
Samuel  Ringgold,  Hagerstown. 
Samuel  Smith,  Baltimore. 
Henry  R.  Warfield,  Middlebury. 


MASSACHUSETTS. 


Harrison  Gray  Otis,  Boston. 


Benjamin  Adams,  Uxbridge. 
Samuel  C.  Allen,  Northfield. 
Joshua  Cushman. 
Edward  Dowse.9 
William  Eustis,10  Boston. 
Walter  Folger,  jr.,  Nantucket. 
Timothy  Fuller,  Boston. 
Mark  L.  Hill. 
Zabdiel  Sampson.11 
Aaron  Hobart,12  Hanover. 
John  Holmes.13 
Jonas  Kendall,  Leominster. 


SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


Prentiss  Mellen.7 

Elijah  H.  Mills,8  Northampton. 


Martin  Kinsley. 

Samuel  Lathrop,  West  Springfield. 

Enoch  Lincoln. 

Jonathan  Mason.14 

Benjamin  Gorham,15  Boston. 

Marcus  Morton,  Taunton. 

Jeremiah  Nelson,  Newburyport. 

James  Parker. 

Henry  Shaw,  Lanesboro. 

Nathaniel  Silsbee,  Salem. 

Ezekiel  Whitman. 


MISSISSIPPI. 


SENATORS. 


Thomas  H.  Williams,  Washington. 


Walter  Leake.14 

David  Holmes,16  Washington. 


REPRESENTATIVE . 

Christopher  Rankin,  Natchez. 
NEW  HAMPSHIRE. 


SENATORS. 


David  L.  Morrill,  Goffstown. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


Joseph  Buffum,  jr.,  Westmoreland. 
Josiah  Butler,  South  Deerfield. 
Clifton  Clagett,  Amherst. 


John  F.  Parrott,  Portsmouth. 


Arthur  Livermore,  Plymouth. 
William  Plumer,  jr.,  Epping. 
Nathaniel  Upham,  Rochester. 


i  Admitted  as  a  State  into  the  Union  March  15,  1820.  Pre- 
vious to  March.  3, 1820,  Maine  was  a  part  of  Massachusetts,  and 
was  called  the  "District  of  Maine''  and  its  Representatives 
were  numbered  with  those  of  Massachusetts;  by  compact  be- 
tween the  two  States,  Maine  became  a  separate  and  independ- 
ent State,  and  by  act  of  Congress  of  March  3, 1820,  was  admitted 
into  the  Union  as  such— the  admission  to  date  from  the  fif- 
teenth of  the  same  month;  on  April  7,  1820,  Maine  was  de- 
clared entitled  to  seven  Representatives,  to  be  taken  from 
those  of  Massachusetts,  and  in  the  succeeding  Congress  seven 
Members  were  thus  seated. 

3  Took  his  seat  November  13, 1820;  term  to  expire,  as  deter- 
mined by  lot,  March  3,  1823. 

3  Took  his  seat  November  13, 1820;  term  to  expire,  as  deter- 
mined by  lot,  March  3,  1821. 

«  Took  his  seat  December  11.  1820. 

*  Died  April  23,  1819. 

*  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  death  of  Alexander  C. 
Hanson,  and  took  his  seat  January  4, 1820. 


?  Resigned  May  15, 1820. 

8  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  Prentiss 
Mellen,  and  took  his  seat  December  1, 1820. 

9  Resigned  May  26, 1820. 

10  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  Edward 
Dowse,  and  took  his  seat  November  13, 1820. 

"  Resigned  July  26, 1820. 

18  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  Zabdiel 
Sampson,  and  took  his  seat  December  18, 1820. 

"  Resigned  March  15,  1820. 

»«  Resigned  May  15,  1820. 

is  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  Jonathan 
Mason,  and  took  his  seat  November  27, 1820. 

*«  Appointed  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  Walter 
Leake,  and  took  his  seat  November  13,  1820;  subsequently 
elected. 


94 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 


James  J.  Wilson,1  Trenton. 
Samuel  L.  Southard.2 


Ephraim  Bateman,  Cedarville. 
Joseph  Bloomfield,  Burlington. 
Charles  Kinsey,  Paterson. 


NEW   JERSEY. 

SENATORS. 
REPRESENTATIVES. 

NEW   YORK. 


Mahlon  Dickerson,  Suckasunny. 


John  Linn,3  Monroe. 

Bernard  Smith,  New  Brunswick. 

Henry  Southard,  Baskingridge. 


Rufus  King. 

Nathaniel  Allen. 
Caleb  Baker. 
Walter  Case. 
Robert  Clark. 
Jacob  H.  De  Witt. 
John  D.  Dickinson,  Troy. 
John  Fay. 
William  D.  Ford. 
Ezra  C.  Gross.    • 
James  Guyon,  jr.4 
Aaron  Hackley,  jr. 
George  HalJ. 
Joseph  S.  Lyman. 
Henry  Meigs. 


Nathaniel  Macon,  Monroe. 


SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


Nathan  Sanford. 

Robert  Monell. 
Hermanus  Peek. 
Nathaniel  Pitcher,  Sandy  Hill. 
Jonathan  Richmond. 
Henry  R.  Storrs. 
Randall  S.  Street. 
James  Strong. 

John  W.  Taylor,  Ballston  Spa. 
Caleb  Tomkins. 
Albert  H.  Tracy. 

Solomon  Van  Rensselaer,  Albany. 
Peter  H.  Wendover. 
„  Silas  Wood,  Huntingdon. 


NORTH   CAROLINA. 


SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


Jesse  Slocumb.5 

William  S.  Blackledge,6  Newbern. 

Hutchins  G.  Burton,  Halifax. 

John  Culpepper. 

William  Davidson. 

Weldon  N.  Edwards,  Warren  ton. 

Charles  Fisher. 


Montfort  Stokes,  Wilkesboro. 

Charles  Hooks,  Dublin. 

Lemuel  Sawyer,  Elizabeth  City. 

Thomas  Settle. 

James  S.  Smith. 

Felix  Walker,  Waynesville. 

Lewis  Williams,  Panther  Creek. 

Thomas  H.  Hall,  Tarboro. 


OHIO. 


SENATORS. 

Benjamin  Ruggles,  St.  Clairsville. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

Philemon  Beecher. 

Henry  Brush. 

John  W.  Campbell,  West  Union. 


William  A.  Trimble. 

Samuel  Herrick. 

Thomas  R.  Ross,  Lebanon. 

John  Sloane,  Wooster. 


PENNSYLVANIA. 


Jonathan  Roberts. 


SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


Henry  Baldwin,  Pittsburgh. 
Andrew  Boden. 

William  Darlington,  West  Chester. 
George  Dennison,  Wilkes-Barre. 
Samuel  Edwards,  Chester. 
Thomas  Forrest. 


Walter  Lowrie,  Butler. 

David  Fullerton.7 

Thomas  G.  McCullough.8 

Samuel  Gross,  Trap. 

Joseph  Hemphill,  Philadelphia. 

Jacob  Hibshman. 

Jacob  Hostetter. 


1  Resigned  January  8, 1821. 

2  Appointed  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  James  J. 
Wilson,  and  took  his  seat  February  16,  1821;  subsequently 
elected. 

3  Died  January  5. 1821. 

4  Successfully  contested  the  election  of  Ebenezer  Sage,  who 
did  not  appear  to  claim  the  seat,  and  qualified  January  14, 1820. 


6  Died  December  20, 1820. 

6  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  death  of  Jesse  SlocumbP 
and  took  his  seat  February  7,  1821. 

'  Resigned  In  1820. 

8  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  David 
Fullerton,  and  took  his  seat  November  13, 1820. 


SIXTEENTH   CONGRESS. 


95 


William  P.  Maclay. 

David  Marchand. 

Robert  Moore. 

Samuel  Moore,  Doylestown. 

John  Murray. 

Thomas  Patterson,  West  Middleton. 

Robert  Philson. 

RHODE    ISLAND. 


William  Hunter. 
Samuel  Eddy. 

John  Gaillard,  Pendleton. 

Joseph  Brevard. 
Elias  Earle. 
James  Ervin. 
William  Lowndes. 
John  McCreary. 

John  Williams,  Knoxville. 

Robert  Allen,  Carthage. 
Henry  H.  Bryan,  Palmyra. 
Newton  Cannon. 

Isaac  Tichenor. 


SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


Thomas  J.  Rogers,  Easton. 
John  Sergeant,  Philadelphia. 
Christian  Tarr. 
Joseph  Heister.1 
Daniel  Udree.2 
James  Wallace. 


James  Burrill,  jr.3 

Nehemiah  R.  Knight,4  Providence. 


Nathaniel  Hazard.5 


SOUTH   CAROLINA. 


SENATORS. 
REPRESENTATIVES. 


TENNESSEE. 

SENATORS. 
REPRESENTATIVES. 


VERMONT. 

SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


Samuel  C.  Crafts,  Craftsbury. 
Ezra  Meech. 

Orsamus  C.  Merrill,6  Bennington. 
Rollin  C.  Mallary,7  Poultney. 


James  Barbour,  Barboursville. 


VIRGINIA. 

SENATORS. 
REPRESENTATIVES. 


Mark  Alexander,  Lombardy  Grove. 

William  Lee  Ball,  Nutsville. 

Philip  P.  Barbour  Lucketsville. 

William  A.  Burwell.10 

John  Floyd,  Newbern. 

Robert  S.  Garnett,  Lloyds. 

James  Johnson.11 

John  C.  Gray.12 

James  Jones,  Hendersonville. 

William  McCoy,  Franklin. 

Charles  F.  Mercer,  Aldie. 

George  F.  Strother.13 

Thomas  L.  Moore.14 

Hugh  Nelson,  Milton. 


William  Smith,  Pinckneyville. 

James  Overstreet,  King  Creek. 

Charles  Pinckney. 

Eldred  Simkins. 

Starling  Tucker,  Mountain  Shoals. 


John  H.  Eaton,  Nashville. 

John  Cocke,  Rutledge. 
Francis  Jones,  Winchester. 
John  Rhea,  Sullivan. 


William  A.  Palmer,  Danville. 

Charles  Rich,  Shoreham. 
Mark  Richards. 
William  Strong. 


John  W.  Eppes.8 

James  Pleasants,9  Goochland  C.  H. 


Thomas  Newton,  jr.,  Norfolk. 

Severn  E.  Parker. 

James  Pindall.1 

Edward  B.  Jackson,15  Clarksburg. 

James  Pleasants.18  4 

William  S.  Archer,17  Amelia  C.  H. 

John  Randolph,  Charlotte  C.  H. 

Ballard  Smith. 

Alexander  Smyth. 

George  Tucker,  Lynchburg. 

John  Tyler. 

Thomas  V.  Swearingen,  Shepherdstown. 

Jared  Williams,  Newton. 


1  Resigned  in  1820. 

8  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  Joseph 
Heister,  and  took  his  seat  January  8, 1821. 

3  Died  December  25, 1820. 

4  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  death  of  James  Burrill,  jr., 
and  took  his  seat  January  20,  1821. 

6  Died  December  17, 1820.  . 

6  Served  until  January  12, 1820;  succeeded  by  Rollin  C.  Mal- 
lary, who  contested  his  election. 

7  Successfully  contested  the  election  of  Orsamus  C.  Merrill, 
and  took  his  seat  January  13, 1820. 

8  Resigned  in  April,  1819. 

» Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  John  W. 
Eppes,  and  took  his  seat  December  14, 1819. 


10  Died  February  10. 1821. 
»  Resigned  February  1,  1820. 

IJ  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  James  John- 
son, and  took  his  seat  November  13, 1820. 
>3  Resigned  February  10, 1820. 

14  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  George  F. 
Strother,  and  took  his  seat  November  13, 1820. 

15  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  James  Pin- 
dall, and  took  his  seat  November  13,  1820. 

16  Resigned  December  14,  1819,  having  been  electe  '  Senator. 

17  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  James 
Pleasants,  and  took  his  seat  January  18, 1820. 


96  CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 

ABKANSAW  TEBBITOBY.1 

DELEGATE. 

Jamea  W.  Bates.2 

MICHIGAN  TEBBITOBY.3 

DELEGATES. 

William  W.  Woodbridge.4  Solomon  Sibley,6  Detroit. 

TEBBITOBY  OF  MISSOUBI. 

DELEGATE. 

John  Scott. 

1  Formed  from  a  portion  of  the  Territory  of  Missouri  and         <  Resigned  August  9,1820. 
granted  a  Delegate  in  Congress  by  Act  of  March  2,  1819.  *  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  William  W. 

»  Took  his  seat  March  2, 1820.  Woodbridge,  and  took  his  seat  November  20, 1820. 

3  Formed  from  a  portion  of  Indiana  Territory  by  Act  of 
January  11, 1805,  with.  Detroit  as  the  seat  of  government. 


SEVENTEENTH  CONGRESS. 


MARCH  4,  1821,  TO  MARCH  3,  1823. 


FIRST  SESSION— December  3,  1821,  to  May  8,  1822.  SECOND  SESSION— December  2, 

1822,  to  March  3,  1823. 


VICE  PRESIDENT— Daniel  D.  Tompkins,  of  New  York.  PRESIDENT  OF  THE  SENATE 
PRO  TEMPORE— John  Gaillard,1  of  South  Carolina.  SECRETARY  OF  THE  SENATE— Charles 
Cutts,  of  New  Hampshire. 

SPEAKER  OF  THE  HOUSE— Philip  P.  Harbour,  of  Virginia.  CLERKS  OF  THE  HOUSE— 
Thomas  Dougherty,  of  Kentucky;  Matthew  St.  Clair  Clarke,2  of  Pennsylvania. 


ALABAMA. 


SENATORS. 


John  W.  Walker,3  Hunteville. 
William  Kelly,4  Huntsville. 


William  R.  King,  Cahawba. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 

William  Kelly,5  Huntaville.  Gabriel  Moore,6  Huntsville. 

CONNECTICUT. 


James  Lanman,  Norwich. 


SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


Noyes  Barber,  Groton. 
Daniel  Burrows,  Hebron. 
Henry  W.  Edwards,  New  Haven. 
Gideon  Tomlinson,  Fairfield. 


DELAWARE. 


SENATORS. 


Nicholas  Van  Dyke,  Newcastle. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


Louis  McLane,  Wilmington. 


Elijah  Boardman,  Litchfield. 


John  Huss,  Hartford. 
Ansel  Sterling,  Sharon. 
Ebenezer  Stoddard,  Woodstock. 


Caesar  A.  Rodney,7  Wilmington. 


Caesar  A.  Rodney,8  Wilmington. 
Daniel  Rodney.9 


1  Elected  February  1,  1822;  February  19,  1823. 

2  Elected  December  3,  1822. 

3  Resigned  In  December ,  1822. 

«  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  John  W. 
Walker,  and  took  his  seat  January  21, 1823. 

5  Resigned  December  1, 1822. 

8  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  the  resignation  of  William 
Kelly,  elected  Senator,  and  took  his  seat  December  2, 1822. 

50346°— S.  Doc.  654,  61-2 7 


7  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  in  term  commencing  March  4, 1821, 
and  took  his  seat  January  24,  1822;  resigned  January  29, 1823, 
having  been  appointed  minister  to  Buenos  Aires;  vacancy  in 
this  class  from  March  4,  1821,  to  January  10,  1822. 

s  Resigned  January  24, 1822,  having  been  elected  Senator. 

'  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  Caesar  A. 
Rodney,  and  took  his  seat  December  2, 1822. 


97 


98 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 
GEORGIA. 

SENATORS. 


John  Elliott,  Sunbury. 


Joel  Abbot,  Washington. 
Alfred  Cuthbert,  Eaton  ton. 
George  R.  Gilmer,  Lexington. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


Freeman  Walker.1 
Nicholas  Ware,2  Richmond. 


Robert  R.  Reid,  Augusta. 
Edward  F.  Tattnall,  Savannah. 
Wiley  Thompson,  Elberton. 


ILLINOIS. 

SENATORS. 

Jesse  B.  Thomas,  Edwardsville.  Ninian  Edwards,  Edwardsville. 

REPRESENTATIVE. 

Daniel  P.  Cook,  Edwardsville. 
INDIANA. 

SENATORS. 

James  Noble,  Brookville.  Waller  Taylor,  Vincennes. 

REPRESENTATIVES . 

William  Hendricks,3  Madison.  Jonathan  Jennings,4  Charleston. 

KENTUCKY. 

SENATORS. 

Richard  M.  Johnson,  Great  Crossings.  Isham  Talbot,  Frankfort. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 


James  D.  Breckenridge. 
Benjamin  Hardin,  Bairdstown. 
Francis  Johnson,  Bowling  Green. 
John  T.  Johnson,  Georgetown. 
Thomas  Metcalfe,  Carlisle. 


Thomas  Montgomery,  Stanford. 
Anthony  New,  Elkton. 
John  S.  Smith,  Richmond. 
David  Trimble,  Mount  Sterling. 
Samuel  H.  Woodson,  Lexington. 


LOUISIANA. 

SENATORS. 

Henry  Johnson,  Donaldson ville.  James  Brown,  New  Orleans. 

REPRESENTATIVE. 

Josiah  S.  Johnston,  Alexandria. 
MAINE. 

SENATORS. 

John  Chandler,  Monmouth.  John  Holmes,  Alfred. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 


Joshua  Cushman,  Winslow. 
Joseph  Dane,  Kennebunk. 
Ebenezer  Herrick,  Bowdoinham. 
Mark  L.  Hill,  Phippsburg. 


Enoch  Lincoln,  Paris. 
Ezekiel  Whitman,5  Portland. 
Mark  Harris,6  Portland. 
William  D.  Williamson,  Bangor. 


» Resigned  August  8,  1821.  5  Resigned  June  1,  1822. 

'Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  Freeman         «  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  tzekiel 
Walker,  and  took  his  seat  Decemer  11, 1821.  Whitman,  and  took  his  seat  December  2, 1822. 

•i  Resigned  July  25,  1822. 

«  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  William 
Hendricks,  and  took  his  seat  December  2, 1822. 


SEVENTEENTH   CONGRESS 


99 


Edward  Lloyd,  Eastern. 


Thomas  Bayly,  Princess  Ann. 
Jeremiah  Cosden,3  Elkton. 
Philip  Reed,4  Huntingville. 
Joseph  Kent,  Bladensburg. 
Peter  Little,  Freedom. 
Raphael  Neale,  Leonard  town. 


MARYLAND. 


SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


William  Pinkney,1  Baltimore. 
Samuel  Smith,2  Baltimore. 


John  Nelson,  Frederick. 
Samuel  Smith,5  Baltimore. 
Isaac  McKim,6  Baltimore. 
Henry  R.  Warfield,  Middleburg. 
Robert  Wright,  Queenstown. 


MASSACHUSETTS. 


Harrison  Gray  Otis,7  Boston. 
James  Lloyd,8  Boston. 


SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


Samuel  C.  Allen,  Greenfield. 
Gideon  Barstow,  Salem. 
Francis  Baylies,  Taunton. 
Lewis  Bigelow,  Petersham. 
Henry  W.  Dwight,  Stockbridge. 
William  Eustis,  Boston. 
Timothy  Fuller,  Boston. 


Elijah  H.  Mills,  Northampton. 


Benjamin  Gorham,  Boston. 
Aaron  Hobart,  Hanover. 
Samuel  Lathrop,  West  Springfield. 
Jeremiah  Nelson,  Newburyport. 
John  Reed;  Yarmouth. 
Jonathan  Russell,  Mendon. 


MISSISSIPPI. 

SENATORS. 

Thomas  H.  Williams,  Washington.  David  Holmes,  Washington. 

REPRESENTATIVE. 

Christopher  Rankin,  Natchez. 
MISSOURI.9 

SENATORS. 

David  Barton,10  St.  Louis.  Thomas  H.  Benton,11  St.  Louis. 

REPRESENTATIVE. 

John  Scott,  St.  Genevieve. 
NEW  HAMPSHIRE. 


David  L.  Morrill,  Goffstown. 


SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


Josiah  Butler,  South  Deerfield. 
Matthew  Harvey,  Hopkinton. 
Aaron  Matson,  Stoddard. 


John  F.  Parrott,  Portsmouth. 


William  Plumer,  jr.,  Epping. 
Nathaniel  Upham,  Rochester. 
Thomas  Whipple,  jr.,  Wentworth. 


i  Died  February  25, 1822. 

J  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  death  of  William  Pink- 
ney, and  took  his  seat  December  17, 1822. 

a  Served  until  March  19,  1822;  succeeded  by  Philip  Reed, 
who  contested  his  election. 

4  Successfully  contested  the  election  of  Jeremiah  Cosden, 
and  took  his  seat  March  19, 1822. 

"  Resigned  December  17, 1822,  having  been  elected  Senator. 

« Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  Samuel 
Smith,  and  took  his  seat  January  8, 1823. 


'  Resigned  May  30, 1822. 

8  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  Harrison 
Gray  Otis,  and  took  his  seat  December  2, 1822. 

9  Admitted  as  a  State  into  the  Union  August  10,  1821. 

10  Took  his  seat  December  3,  1821;  term  to  expire  as  deter- 
mined by  lot,  March  3,  1825. 

"  Took  his  seat  December  6, 1821;  term  to  expire  as  deter- 
mined by  lot,  March  3,  1827. 


100 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 


NEW  JERSEY. 


SENATORS. 

Mahlon  Dickerson,  Suckasunny.  Samuel  L.  Southard,1  Trenton. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 


Ephraim  Bateman,  Cedarville. 
George  Cassedy,  Hackensack. 
Lewie  Condit,  Morristown. 


George  Holcomb,  Allen  town. 
James  Matlack,  Woodbury. 
Samuel  Swan,  Somerville. 


NEW  YOBK. 


SENATORS. 


Rufus  King,  New  York. 


Martin  Van  Buren,  Albany. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


Selah  Tuthill.2 

Charles  Borland,  jr.,3  Wardsbridge. 
Churchill  C.  Cambreleng,  New  York. 
Samuel  Campbell,  Columbus. 
Cadwallader T).  Golden,4  New  York. 
Alfred  Conkling,  Canajoharie. 
John  D.  Dickinson,  Troy. 
John  Gebhard,  Scpharie. 
James  Hawkes,  Richfield. 
Thomas  H.  Hubbard,  Hamilton. 
Joseph  Kirkland,  Utica. 
Elisha  Litchfield,  Delphi. 
Richard  McCarty,  Coxsackie. 
John  J.  Morgan,  New  York. 
Walter  Patterson,  Livingston. 


Jeremiah  H.  Pierson,  Ramapo. 
Nathaniel  Pitcher,  Sandy  Hill. 
William  B.  Rochester,  Bath. 
Charles  H.  Ruggles,  Kingston. 
Elijah  Spencer. 
Micah  Sterling,  Watertown. 
John  W.  Taylor,  Ballston  Spa. 
Albert  H.  Tracy,  Buffalo. 
Solomon  Van  Rensselaer, 5  Albany. 
Stephen  Van  Rensselaer,6  Albany. 
William  W.  Van  Wyck,  Fishkill. 
Reuben  H.  Wai  worth,  Plattsburg. 
Silas  WTood,  Huntingdon. 
David  Woodcock,  Ithaca. 


NORTH  CAROLINA. 


SENATORS. 


Nathaniel  Macon,  Monroe. 


Montfort  Stokes,  Wilkesboro. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


William  S.  Blackledge,  Newbern. 
Hutchins  G.  Burton,  Halifax. 
Henry  W.  Conner,  Falls  Town. 
Josiah  Crudup,  Raleigh. 
Weldon  N.  Edwards,  Warren  ton. 
Thomas  H.  Hall,  Tarboro. 
Charles  Hooks,  Dublin. 


OHIO. 


John  Long,  Longs  Mills. 
Archibald  McNeill,  M'Neills  Store. 
Romulus  M.  Saunders,  Milton. 
Lemuel  Sawyer,  Elizabeth  City. 
Felix  Walker,  Waynesville. 
Lewis  Williams,  Panther  Creek. 


SENATORS. 


Benjamin  Ruggles,  St.  Clairsville. 


William  A.  Trimble.7 

Ethan  Allen  Brown,8  Cincinnati, 


REPRESENTATIVES . 


Levi  Barber,  Point  Harmer. 
John  W.  Campbell,  West  Union. 
David  Chambers,  Zanesville. 


Thomas  R.  Ross,  Lebanon. 
John  Sloane,  Wooster. 
John  Vance,  Urbana. 


>  Resigned  March  3, 1823. 

2  Died  September  7, 1821,  before  the  assembling  of  Congress. 

a  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  death  of  Selah  Tuthill, 
and  took  his  seat  December  3,  1821.  Election  unsuccessfully 
contested. 

4  Successfully  contested  the  election  of  Peter  Sharpe,  and 
took  his  seat  December  12, 1821.  Mr.  Sharpe  never  presented 
himself  for  admission  under  his  credentials. 


6  Resigned  January  14, 1822. 

6  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  Solomon 
Van  Rensselaer,  and  took'his  seat  March  12, 1822. 

7  Died  December  13,  1821. 

8  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  death  of  William  A. 
Trimble,  and  took  his  seat  January  15, 1822. 


SEVENTEENTH   CONGRESS. 


101 


PENNSYLVANIA. 


SENATORS. 


Walter  Lowrie,  Butler. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


John  Brown,  Lewistown. 
James  Buchanan,  Lancaster. 
William  Darlington,  West  Chester. 
George  Dennison,  Wilkesbarre. 
Samuel  Edwards,  Chester. 
Patrick  Farrelly,  Meadville. 
John  Findlay,  Chambersburg. 
William  Milnor,1  Philadelphia. 
Thomas  Forrest,2  Philadelphia. 
Henry  Baldwin,1  Pittsburgh. 
Walter  Forward,3  Pittsburgh. 
Samuel  Gross,  Trap. 
Joseph  Hemphill,  Philadelphia. 
James  M'Sherry,  Petersburg. 


William  Findlay,  Franklinton. 


James  S.  Mitchell,  Rossville. 
Samuel  Moore,4  Doylestown. 
Samuel  D.  Ingham,6  New  Hope. 
Thomas  Murray,  jr.,  Milton. 
Thomas  Patterson,  West  Middletown. 
John  Philips,  Hummelstown. 
George  Plumer,  Robbstown. 
Thomas  J.  Rogers,  Eaeton. 
John  Sergeant,  Philadelphia. 
Andrew  Stewart,  Union  town. 
John  Todd,  Bedford. 
Ludwig  Worman,6  Pottstown. 
Daniel  Udree,7  Reading. 


RHODE   ISLAND. 

SENATORS. 


Nehemiah  R.  Knight,  Providence. 


James  D'Wolf,  Bristol. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


Job  Durfee,  Tiverton. 


John  Gaillard,  Pendleton. 


Samuel  Eddy,  Providence. 


SOUTH   CAROLINA. 


SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES . 


James  Blair,1  Camden. 
John  Carter,8  Camden. 
Joseph  Gist,  Pinckneyville. 
James  Overstreet,9  King  Creek. 
Andrew  R.  Govan,10  Orangeburg. 
William  Lowndes,11 


John  Williams,  Knoxville. 


Robert  Allen,  Carthage. 
Henry  H.  Bryan,13  Palmyra. 
Newton  Cannon,  Harpeth. 


TENNESSEE. 


SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


VERMONT. 


William  Smith,  Pinckneyville. 


James  Hamilton,  jr,12  Charleston. 
George  McDuffie,  Edgefield. 
Thomas  R.  Mitchell,  Georgetown. 
Joel  R.  Poinsett,  Charleston. 
Starling  Tucker,  Mountain  Shoals. 
John  Wilson,  Golden  Grove. 


John  H.  Eaton,  Nashville. 


John  Cocke,  Rutledge. 
Francis  Jones,  Winchester. 
John  Rhea,  Sullivan. 


William  A.  Palmer,  Danville. 


Samuel  C.  Crafts,  Craftebury. 
Elias  Keyes,  Stockbridge. 
Rollin  C.  Mallary,  Poultney. 


SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


Horatio  Seymour,  Middlebury. 


John  Mattocks,  Pearham. 
Charles  Rich,  Shoreham. 
Phineas  White,  Putney. 


i  Resigned  May  8,  1822. 

*  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  William 
Milnor,  and  took  his  seat  December  2,  1822. 

3  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  Henry 
Baldwin,  and  took  his  seat  December  2,  1822. 

*  Resigned  May  20, 1822. 

6  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  Samuel 
Moore,  and  took  his  seat  December  2,' 1822. 

«  Died  September  21,  1822. 

7  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  death  of  Ludwig  Wor- 
man, and  took  his  seat  December  23,  1822. 


8  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  James  Blair, 
and  took  his  seat  December  11, 1822. 
»  Died  April  24,  1822. 

10  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  death  of  James  Over- 
street,  and  took  his  seat  December  4,  1822. 

11  Resigned  May  8, 1822. 

11  Elected  to  fiU  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  William 
Lowndes,  and  took  his  seat  January  6, 1823. 

]3  Reported  to  have  been  duly  elected  by  the  Committee  on 
Elections,  February  17,  1823,  but  appears  never  to  have  taken 
his  seat. 


102 


CONGRESSIONAL,  DIRECTORY. 


James  Barbour,  Barboursville. 


VIRGINIA. 


SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


Mark  Alexander,  Lombardy  Grove. 
William  S.  Archer,  Amelia  C.  H. 
William  Lee  Ball,  Nuttsville. 
Philip  P.  Barbour,  Lucketsville. 
Burwell  Bassett,  Williamsburg. 
John  Floyd,  Newbern. 
Robert  S.  Garnett,  Lloyds. 
Edward  B.  Jackson,  Clarksburg. 
James  Jones,  Hendersonville. 
Jabez  Leftwich,  Liberty. 
William  McCoy,  Franklin. 
Charles  F.  Mercer,  Aldie. 


James  Pleasants,1  Goochland  C.  H. 
John  Taylor,2  Port  Royal. 


Thomas  L.  Moore,  Warrenton. 
Hugh  Nelson,  Milton. 
Thomas  Newton,  jr.,  Norfolk. 
John  Randolph,  Charlotte  C.  H. 
Arthur  Smith,  Smithfield. 
William  Smith,  Lewisburg. 
Alexander  Smyth,  Wythe. 
Andrew  Stevenson,  Richmond. 
George  Tucker,  Lynchburg. 
Thomas  V.  Swearingen,3  Shepherdstown. 
James  Stephenson,*  Martinsburg. 
Jared  Williams,  Newton. 


ARKANSAW  TERRITORY. 

DELEGATE. 

James  W.  Bates,  5  Arkansas. 
TERRITORY  OF  FLORIDA.6 

DELEGATE. 

Joseph  M.  Hernandez.7 


MICHIGAN  TERRITORY. 

DELEGATE. 

Solomon  Sibley,  Detroit. 


1  Resigned  December  15,  1822. 

2  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  James 
Pleasants,  and  took  his  seat  Deccember  30,  1822. 

«  Died  June  7,  1822. 

4  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  death  of  Thomas  V.  Swear- 
ingen, and  took  his  seat'December  2, 1822. 


6  Election  unsuccessfully  contested  by  Matthew  Lyon. 

«  Formed  March  30, 1822,  from  territory  ceded  by  Spain  to 
the  United  States  by  treaty  of  Washington  of  February  22, 
1819,  and  theretofore  known  as  "  East  and  West  Florida." 

7  Took  his  seat  January  3, 1823. 


EIGHTEENTH  CONGRESS. 


MARCH  4,  1823,  TO  MARCH  3,  1825. 


FIEST  SESSION— December  1,  1823,  to  May  27,  1824.    SECOND  SESSION— December  6, 

1824,  to  March  3,  1825. 


VICE  PRESIDENT— Daniel  D.  Tompkins,  of  New  York.  PRESIDENT  OF  THE  SENATE 
PRO  TEMPORE-^John  Gaillard,1  of  South  Carolina.  SECRETARY  OF  THE  SENATE— Charles 
Cutts,  of  New  Hampshire. 

SPEAKER  OF  THE  HOUSE— Henry  Clay,  of  Kentucky.  CLERK  OF  THE  HOUSE— Matthew 
St.  Clair  Clarke,  of  Pennsylvania. 


ALABAMA. 


SENATORS. 


William  R.  King,  Cahaba. 


William  Kelly,  Huntsville. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 

John  McKee,  Tuscaloosa.  George  W.  Owen,  Claiborne. 

Gabriel  P.  Moore,  Huntsville. 


James  Lanman,  Norwich. 


Noyes  Barber,  Groton. 
Samuel  A.  Foot,  Cheshire. 
Ansel  Sterling,  Sharon. 


CONNECTICUT. 


SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


DELAWARE. 


SENATORS. 


Elijah  Boardman,2  Litchfield. 
Henry  W.  Edwards,3  New  Haven. 

Ebenezer  Stoddard,  Woodstock. 
Gideon  Tomlinson,  Fairfield. 
Lemuel  Whitman,  Fannington. 


Nicholas  Van  Dyke,  Newcastle.  Thomas  Clayton,4  Dover. 

REPRESENTATIVE. 

Louis  McLane,  Wilmington. 


John  Elliott,  Sunbury. 


GEORGIA. 

SENATORS. 
REPRESENTATIVES. 


Joel  Abbot,  Washington. 
George  Gary,  Appling. 
Thomas  W.  Cobb,7  Greensboro. 
Richard  H.  Wilde,8  Augusta. 


Nicholas  Ware,6  Richmond. 
Thomas  W.  Cobb,6  Greensboro. 

Alfred  Cuthbert,  Eatonton. 
John  Forsyth,  Augusta. 
Edward  F.  Tattnall,  Savannah. 
Wiley  Thompson,  Elberton. 


i  Elected  May  21, 1824. 
»  Died  October  8, 1823. 

3  Appointed  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  death  of  Elijah  Board- 
man,  and  took  his  seat  December  1, 1823;  subsequently  elected. 

4  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  Caesar  A. 


Rodney  in  preceding  Congress,  and  took  his  seat  January  15, 
1824.    Vacancy  from  January  29, 1823,  to  January  8, !"~ 


1824. 


5  Died  September  7, 1824. 

«  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  death  of  Nicholas  Ware, 
and  took  his  seat  December  6, 1824. 

7  Resigned  December  6, 1824,  having  been  elected  Senator. 

8  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  Thomas  W. 
Cobb,  and  took  his  seat  February  7, 1825. 

103 


104  CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY, 

ILLINOIS. 

SENATORS. 

Jesse  B.  Thomas,  Ed  wards  ville. 


Ninian  Edwards,1  Edwardsville. 
John  McLean,2  Shawneetown. 


REPRESENTATIVE. 

Daniel  P.  Cook,  Edwardsville. 
INDIANA. 


James  Noble,  Brookville. 


SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


Jonathan  Jennings,  Charleston. 
John  Test,  Brookville. 


KENTUCKY. 


SENATORS. 

Richard  M.  Johnson,  Great  Crossings. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

Richard  A.  Buckner,  Greensburg. 
Henry  Clay,  Lexington. 
Robert  P.  Henry,  Hopkinsville. 
Francis  Johnson,  Bowling  Green. 
John  T.  Johnson,  Georgetown.' 
Robert  P.  Letcher,  Lancaster. 

LOUISIANA. 

SENATORS. 

Henry  Johnson,5  Donaldsonville. 
Dominique  Bouligny,6  New  Orleans. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

William  L.  Brent,  St.  Martinsville. 
Henry  H.  Gurley,  Baton  Rouge. 


John  Holmes,  Alfred. 


MAINE. 

SENATORS. 
REPRESENTATIVES. 


William  Burleigh,  South  Berwick. 
Joshua  Cushman,  Winslow. 
Ebenezer  Herrick,  Bowdoinham. 
David  Kidder,  Norridgewock. 


Waller  Taylor,  Vincennes. 


William  Prince,3  Princeton. 
Jacob  Call,4  Princeton. 


Isham  Talbot,  Frankfort. 


Thomas  Metcalfe,  Carlisle. 
Thomas  P.  Moore,  Harrodsburg. 
Philip  Thompson,  Yellow  Banks. 
David  Trimble,  Mount  Sterling. 
David  White,  New  Castle. 
Charles  A.  Wickliffe,  Bardstown. 


James  Brown,7  New  Orleans. 
Josiah  S.  Johnston,8  Alexandria. 


Edward  Livingston,  New  Orleans. 


John  Chandler,  Monmouth. 


Enoch  Lincoln,  Paris. 
Stephen  Longfellow,  Portland. 
Jeremiah  O'Brien,  Machias. 


MARYLAND. 


Edward  Lloyd,  Easton. 


SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


William  Hayward,  jr.,  Easton. 
Joseph  Kent,  Bladensburg. 
John  Lee,  Petersville. 
Peter  Little,  Freedom. 
Isaac  McKim,  Baltimore. 


Samuel  Smith,  Baltimore. 


George  E.  Mitchell,  Elkton. 
Raphael  Neale,  Leonardtown. 
John  S.  Spence,  Poplartown. 
Henry  R.  Warfield,  Middleburg. 


1  Resigned  March  4, 1824,  having  been  appointed  minister  to 
Mexico. 


Resigned  May  27,  1824. 
•  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  Henry 


2  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  Ninian  Ed-      Johnson,  and  took  his  seat  December  21, 1824. 
wards,  and  took  his  seat  December  20, 1824.  *  Resigned  December  10, 1823,  having  been  appointed  minis- 


Died  September  4, 1824. 
4  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  death  of  William  Prince, 
and  took  his  seat  December  23, 1824. 


ter  to  France. 

8  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  James 
Brown,  and  took  his  seat  March  12, 1824. 


EIGHTEENTH   CONGRESS. 


105 


MASSACHUSETTS. 


SENATORS. 


Elijah  H.  Mills,  Northampton. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


Samuel  C.  Allen,  Greenfield. 
John  Bailey,1  Canton. 
Francis  Baylies,  Taunton. 
Benj.  W.  Crowninshield,  Salem. 
Henry  W.  D wight,  Stockbridge. 
Timothy  Fuller,  Boston. 
Aaron  Hobart,  Hanover. 


James  Lloyd,  Boston. 


Samuel  Lathrop,  West  Springfield. 

John  Locke,  Ashby. 

Jeremiah  Nelson,  Newburyport. 

John  Reed,  Yarmouth. 

Jonas  Sibley,  Worcester. 

Daniel  Webster,  Boston. 


MISSISSIPPI. 


SENATORS. 

Thomas  H.  Williams,  Washington.  David  Holmes,  Washington. 

REPRESENTATIVE. 

Christopher  Rankin,  Natchez. 


MISSOURI. 

SENATORS. 


David  Barton,  St.  Louis. 


Thomas  H.  Ben  ton,  St.  Louis. 


REPRESENTATIVE . 

John  Scott,  St.  Genevieve. 
NEW  HAMPSHIRE. 

SENATORS. 

John  F.  Parrott,  Portsmouth.  Samuel  Bell,  Chester. 

REPRE  SE  NTATIV  E  S . 


Ichabod  Bartlett,  Portsmouth. 
Matthew  Harvey,  Hopkinton. 
Arthur  Livermore,  Plymouth. 


Aaron  Matson,  Stoddard. 
William  Plumer,  jr.,  Epping. 
Thomas  Whipple,  jr.,  Wentworth. 


NEW  JERSEY. 

SENATORS.. 

Mahlon  Dickerson,  Suckasunny.  Joseph  Mcllvaine,2  Burlington. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 


George  Cassedy,  Hackensack. 
Lewis  Condit,  Morristown. 
Daniel  Garrison,  Salem. 


NEW  YORK. 

SENATORS. 


George  Holcombe,  Allentown. 
James  Matlack,  Woodbury. 
Samuel  Swan,  Somerville. 


Martin  Van  Buren,  Albany. 


Rufus  King,  New  York. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

Isaac  Wilson.3  Middleburg.  Rowland  Day,  Simpronius. 

Parmenio  Adams,*  Batavia.  Justin  Dwinell,  Cazenovia. 

John  W.  Cady,  Johnstown.  Lewis  Eaton,  Schojiarie  Bridge. 

Churchill  C.  Cambreleng,  New  York. 
Lot  Clark,  Norwich. 


Ela  Collins,  Lowville. 
Hector  Craig,  Chester. 


Charles  A.  Foote,  Delhi. 
Joel  Frost,  Carmel. 
Moses  Hayden,  York. 
Henry  R.  Storrs,  Whitestown. 


1  By  resolution  of  March  18, 1824,  was  declared  not  entitled  a  Served  until  January  7,  1824;   succeeded    by  Parmenio 
to  seat:  subsequently  elected,  and  took  his  seat  December  13,  Adams,  who  contested  his  election. 

1824.  4  Successfully  contested  the  election  of  Isaac  Wilson,  and 

2  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  Samuel  L.  took  his  seat  January  7, 1824. 
Southard  m  preceding  Congress,  and  took  his  seat  December 

1, 1823. 


106 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 


James  Strong,  Hudson. 
John  W.  Taylor,  Ballston  Spa. 
Egbert  Ten  Eyck,  Watertown. 
Albert  H.  Tracy,  Buffalo. 
Jacob  Tyson,  Castletown. 
John  Herkimer,  Danube. 
James  L.  Hogeboom,  Castleton. 
Lemuel  Jenkins,  Bloomingburg. 
Samuel    Lawrence,    Johnsons    Settle- 
ment. 
Elisha  Litchfield,  Delphi. 


Henry  C.  Martindale,  Sandy  Hill. 
Dudley  Marvin,  Canandaigua. 
John  J.  Morgan,  New  York. 
John  Richards,  Johnsburg. 
Robert  S.  Rose,  Geneva. 
Peter  Sharpe,  New  York. 
Stephen  Van  Rensselaer,  Albany. 
William  W.  Van  Wyck,  Fishkill. 
Isaac  Williams,  Cooperstown. 
Silas  Wood,  Huntington. 
William  Woods,  Bath. 


NORTH  CAROLINA. 


Nathaniel  Macon,  Monroe. 


SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES . 


Hutchins  G.  Burton,1  Halifax. 
George  Outlaw.2 

Henry  W.  Conner,  Sherrills  Ford. 
John  Culpepper,  Lawrenceville. 
Weldon  N.  Edwards,  Warrenton. 
Alfred  M.  Gatlin,  Eden  ton. 
Thomas  H.  Hall,  Tarboro. 


John  Branch,  Enfield. 

Charles  Hooks,  Dublin. 

John  Long,  Longs  Mills 

Willie  P.  Mangum,  Red  Mountain. 

Romulus  M.  Saunders,  Milton. 

Richard  D.  Spaight,  Newbern. 

Robert  B.  Vance,  Nashville. 

Lewis  Williams,  Panther  Cieek. 


OHIO. 


SENATORS. 


Benjamin  Ruggles,  St.  Clairsville. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


Mordecai  Bartley,  Mansfield. 
Philemon  Beecher,  Lancaster. 
John  W.  Campbell,  West  Union. 
John  W.  Gazlay,  Cincinnati. 
Duncan  Me  Arthur,  Chillicothe. 
William  McLean,  Piqua. 
John  Patterson,  St.  Clairsville. 


Ethan  Allen  Brown,  Cincinnati. 


Thomas  B.  Ross,  Lebanon. 
John  Sloane,  Wooster. 
Joseph  Vance,  Urbana. 
Samuel  F.  Vinton,  Gallipolis. 
Elisha  Whittlesey,  Canfield. 
William  Wilson,  Newark. 
John  C.  Wright,  Steubenville. 


PENNSYLVANIA. 


Walter  Lowrie,  Butler. 


SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


James  Allison,  Beaver. 
Samuel  Breck,  Philadelphia. 
John  Brown,  Lewistown. 
James  Buchanan,  Lancaster. 
Samuel  Edwards,  Chester. 
William  Cox  Ellis,  Muncy. 
Patrick  Farrelly,  Meadville. 
John  Findlay,  Chambersburg. 
Walter  Forward,  Pittsburgh. 
Robert  Harris,  Harrisburg. 
Joseph  Hemphill,  Philadelphia. 
Samuel  D.  Ingham,  New  Hope. 
George  Kremer,  Lewisburg. 
Samuel  McKean,  Burlington. 


William  Findlay,  Franklinton. 


Philip  S.  Markley,  Norristown. 
Daniel  H.  Miller,  Philadelphia. 
James  S.  Mitchell,  Rossville. 
Thomas  Patterson,  West  Middletown. 
George  Plumer,  Robbstown. 
Andrew  Stewart,  Uniontown. 
John  Todd,3  Bedford. 
Alexander  Thomson,4  Bedford. 
Daniel  Udree,  Reading. 
Isaac  Wayne,  Warren. 
Henry  Wilson,  Allentown. 
James  Wilson,  Fairfield. 
Thomas  J.  Rogers,5  Easton. 
George  Wolf,6  Easton. 


RHODE    ISLAND. 


SENATORS. 

Nehemiah  R.  Knight,  Providence.  James  DeWolf,  Bristol. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


John  Durfee,  Tiverton. 


Samuel  Eddy,  Providence. 


i  Resigned  March  23, 1824. 

?  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  Hutchins 
G.  Burton,  and  took  his  seat  January  19, 1825. 

s  Resigned  in  1824. 

«  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  John  Todd, 
and  took  his  seat  December  6, 1824. 


5  Resigned  April  20, 1824. 

6  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  Thomas  J. 
Rogers,  and  took  his  seat  December  9,  1824. 


EIGHTEENTH   CONGRESS. 


107 


SOUTH  CAROLINA. 

SENATORS. 


John  Gaillard,  Pendleton. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


Robert  B.  Campbell,  Brownsville. 
John  Carter,  Camden. 
Joseph  Gist,  Pinckneyville. 
Andrew  R.  Govan,  Orangeburg. 
James  Hamilton,  jr.,  Charleston. 


John  H.  Eaton,  Nashville. 

Adam  R.  Alexander,  Jackson. 
Robert  Allen,  Carthage. 
John  Blair,  Jonesboro. 
John  Cocke,  Rutledge. 
Samuel  Houston,  Nashville. 


TENNESSEE. 


SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


VERMONT. 


SENATORS. 


William  A.  Palmer,  Danville. 


REPRESENTATIVES . 


William  C.  Bradley,  Westminster. 
Daniel  A.  A.  Buck,  Chelsea. 
Samuel  C.  Crafts,  Craftsbury. 


VIRGINIA. 


SENATORS. 


James  Barbour,  Barboursville. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


Mark  Alexander,  Lombardy  Grove. 
William  S.  Archer,  Amelia. 
John  S.  Barbour,  Culpeper. 
Philip  P.  Barbour,5  Lucketsville. 
Burwell  Bassett,  Williamsburg. 
John  Floyd,  Newbern. 
Robert  S.  Garnett,  Lloyds. 
Joseph  Johnson,  Bridgeport. 
Jabez  Lef twitch,  Liberty. 
William  McCoy,  Franklin. 
Charles  F.  Mercer,  Aldie. 


Robert  Y.  Hayne,  Charleston. 


George  Me  Duffle,  Edgefield. 
Joel  R.  Poinsett,  Charleston. 
Starling  Tucker,  Mountain  Shoals. 
John  Wilson,  Golden  Grove. 


Andrew  Jackson,  Nashville. 

Jacob  C.  Isacks,  Winchester. 
James  B.  Reynolds,  Clarkesville. 
James  T.  Sandford,  Columbia. 
James  Standifer,  Pikeville. 


Horatio  Seymour,  Middlebury. 


Rollin  C.  Mallary,  Poultney. 
Charles  Rich,1  Shoreham. 
Henry  Olin,2  Salisbury. 


John  Taylor,3  Port  Royal. 
Littleton  W.  Tazewell,4  Norfolk. 


Thomas  Newton,  jr.,  Norfolk. 
John  Randolph,  Charlotte  C.  H. 
William  C.  Rives,  Milton. 
Arthur  Smith,  Smithfield. 
William  Smith,  Lewisburg. 
Alexander  Smyth,  Wythe. 
James  Stephenson,  Martinsburg. 
Andrew  Stevenson,  Richmond. 
William  L.  Ball,6  Nuttsyille. 
John  Taliaferro,7  Fredericksburg. 
George  Tucker,  Lynchburg. 
Jared  Williams,  Newton. 


ARKANSAW  TERRITORY. 

DELEGATE. 

Henry  W.  Conway,  Little  Rock. 
TERRITORY  OF  FLORIDA. 

DELEGATE. 

Richard  K.  Call. 
MICHIGAN  TERRITORY. 

DELEGATE. 

Gabriel  Richard,8  Detroit. 


'Died  October  15,  1824. 

2  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  death  of  Charles  Rich,  and 
took  his  seat  December  13,  1824. 

s  Died  August  20,  1824. 

4  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  death  of  John  Taylor,  and 
took  his  seat  December  29,  1824. 


6  Resigned  in  February,  1825. 
«  Died  February  28,  1824, 

7  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  death  of  William  L.  Ball, 
and  took  his  seat  April  8,  1824. 

8  Election  unsuccessfully  contested  by  John  Biddle. 


NINETEENTH  CONGRESS. 


MARCH  4,  1825,  TO  MARCH  3,  1827. 


FIRST  SESSION— December  5,  1826,  to  May  22,  1826.  SECOND  SESSION— December  4, 
1826,  to  March  3,  1827.  SPECIAL  SESSION  OF  THE  SENATE— March  4,  1825,  to 
March  9,  1825. 


VICE  PRESIDENT— John  C.  Calhoun,  of  South  Carolina.  PRESIDENTS  OF  THE  SENATE 
PRO  TEMPORE — John  Gaillard,1  of  South  Carolina;  Nathaniel  Macon,-  of  North  Carolina;.  SEC- 
RETARIES OF  THE  SENATE — Charles  Cutts,  of  New  Hampshire;  Walter  Lowrie,3  of  Pennsylvania. 

SPEAKER  OF  THE  HOUSE— John  W.  Taylor,  of  New  York.  CLERK  OF  THE  HOUSE— 
Matthew  St.  Clair  Clarke,  of  Pennsylvania. 


ALABAMA. 


William  R.  King,  Cahaba. 


John  McKee,  Tuscaloosa. 
Gabriel  Moore,  Huntsville. 


SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


Henry  Chambers,4  Madison. 

Israel  Pickens.5 

John  McKinley,6  Huntsville. 


George  W.  Owen.  Claiborne. 


CONNE  CTICTTT . 

SENATORS. 

Henry  W.  Edwards,  New  Haven.  Calvin  Willey,7  Toland. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

John  Baldwin,  Windham.  Orange  Merwin,  New  Milford. 

Noyes  Barber,  Groton.  Elisha  Phelps,  Simsbury. 

Ralph  I.  Ingersoll,  New  Haven.  Gideon  Tomlinson,  Fairneld. 

DELAWARE. 


SENATORS. 


Nicholas  Van  Dyke,8  Newcastle. 
Daniel  Rodney,*1  Wilmington. 
Henry  M.  Ridgeley,10  Dover. 


Thomas  Clayton,  Dover. 


REPRESENTATIVE . 

Louis  McLane,  Wilmington. 


» Elected  March  9, 1825  (special  session  of  the  Senate) . 

'Elected  May  20.  1826;  January  2,  1827;  and  March  2,  1827. 

a  Elected  December  12, 1825. 

« Died  January  25, 1826. 

6  Appointed  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  death  of  Henry  Cham- 
bers, and  took  his  seat  April  10, 1826. 

•  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  death  of  Henry  Cham- 
bers, and  took  his  seat  December  21, 1826. 

108 


7  Elected  for  term  beginning  March  4, 1825;  took  his  seat 
December  5,  1825.  James  Lanman  was  appointed,  but  the 
Senate,  on  March  5, 1825,  would  not  permit  him  to  qualify; 
vacancy  from  March  4,  1825,  to  May  4, 1825. 

«  Died  May  21,1826. 

9  Appointed  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  death  of  Nicholas  Van 
Dyke,  and  took  his  seat  December  4, 1826. 

'<>  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  death  of  Nicholas  Van 
Dyke,  and  took  his  seat  January  23, 1827. 


NINETEENTH   CONGRESS.  109 

GEORGIA. 

SENATORS. 

Thomas  W.  Cobb,  Greensboro.  John  Macpherson  Berrien,  Savannah. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

George  Gary,  Appling.  James  Meriwether,  Athens. 

Alfred  Cuthbert,  Eatonton.  Edward  F.  Tattnall,  Savannah. 

John  Forsyth,  Augusta.  Wiley  Thompson,  Elberton. 
Charles  E.  Haynes,  Sparta. 

ILLINOIS. 
\ 

SENATORS. 

Jesse  B.  Thomas,  Edwardsville.  Elias  K.  Kane,  Kaskaskia. 

REPRESENTATIVE . 

Daniel  P.  Cook,  Edwardsville. 
INDIANA. 

SENATORS. 

James  Noble,  Brookville.  William  Hendricks,  Madison. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

Ratliff  Boon,  Booneville.  John  Test,  Brookville. 

Jonathan  Jennings,  Charleston. 

KENTUCKY. 

SENATORS. 

Richard  M.  Johnson,  Great  Crossings.  John  Rowan,  Louisville. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

Richard  A.  Buckner,  Greensburg.  Robert  P.  Letcher,  Lancaster. 

James  Clark,  Winchester.  Thomas  Metcalfe,  Carlisle. 

Robert  P.  Henry  *  Hopkins ville.  Thomas  P.  Moore,  Harrodsburg. 

John  F.  Henry,2  Hopkinsville.  David  Trimble,  Mount  Sterling. 

Francis  Johnson,  Bowling  Green.  Charles  A.  Wickliffe,  Bardstown. 

James  Johnson,3  Great  Crossings.  William  S.  Young,  Elizabeth  town. 

Robert  McHatton,4  Georgetown.  Joseph  Lecompte,  New  Castle. 

LOUISIANA. 

SENATORS. 

Josiah  S.  Johnston,  Alexandria.  Dominique  Bouligny,  New  Orleans. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

William  L.  Brent,  St.  Martinsville.  Edward  Livingston,  New  Orleans. 

Henry  H.  Gurley,  Baton  Rouge. 

MAINE. 

SENATORS. 

John  Holmes,  Alfred.  John  Chandler,  Monmouth. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

John  Anderson,  Portland.  Enoch  Lincoln,5  Paris. 

William  Burleigh,  South  Berwick.  James  W.  Ripley,6  Fryeburg. 


Ebenezer  Herrick,  Bowdoinham.  Jeremiah  O'Brien,  Machias. 

David  Kidder,  Norridgewock.  Peleg  Sprague,  Hallowell. 

i  Died  August  25, 1826.  4  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  death  of  James  Johnson, 

*  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  death  of  Robert  P.  Henry,  and  took  his  seat  December  7, 1826. 

and  took  his  seat  December  11,  1826.      •  5  Resigned  in  1826,  having  been  elected  governor, 

a  Died  August  14, 1826.  •  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  Enoch  Lin- 
coln, and  took  his  seat  in  December,  1826. 


110 


CONGRESSIONAL,  DIRECTORY. 
MARYLAND. 


SENATORS. 


Edward  Lloyd,1  Easton. 

Ezekiel  F.  Chambers,2  Chestertown. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


John  Barney,  Baltimore. 
Clement  Dorsey,  Chaptico. 
Joseph  Kent,3  Bladensburg. 
John  C.  Weems,4  Waterloo. 
John  L.  Kerr,  Easton. 
Peter  Little,  Freedom. 


Samuel  Smith,  Baltimore. 


Robert  N.  Martin,  Princess  Ann. 
George  E.  Mitchell,  Elkton. 
George  Peter,  Damestown. 
Thomas  C.Worthington,  Frederick. 


MASSACHUSETTS. 


SENATORS. 


Elijah  H.  Mills,  Northampton. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


Samuel  C.  Allen,  Greenfield. 

John  Bailey,  Milton. 

Francis  Baylies,  Taunton. 

Benjamin  W.  Crowninshield,  Salem. 

John  Davis,  Worcester. 

Henry  W.  Dwight,  Stockbridge. 

Edward  Everett,  Cambridge. 


James  Lloyd,5  Boston. 
Nathaniel  Silsbee,6  Salem. 


Aaron  Hobart,  East  Bridgewater. 
Samuel  Lathrop,  West  Springfield. 
John  Locke,  Ashby. 
John  Reed,  Yarmouth. 
John  Varnum,  Haverhill. 
Daniel  Webster,  Boston. 


MISSISSIPPI. 


SENATORS. 


Thomas  H.  Williams,  Washington. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


Christopher  Rankin,10  Natchez. 


David  Holmes,7  Washington. 
Powhatan  Ellis,8  Winchester. 
Thomas  B.  Reed,9  Natchez. 


William  Haile,11  Woodville. 


MISSOURI. 

SENATORS. 


David  Barton,  St.  Louis. 


Thomas  H.  Benton,  St.  Louis. 


REPRESENTATIVE. 

John  Scott,  Ste.  Genevieve. 
NEW  HAMPSHIRE. 


Samuel  Bell,  Chester. 


SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


Ichabod  Bartlett,  Portsmouth. 
Titus  Brown,  Francestown. 
Nehemiah  Eastman,  Farmington. 


Levi  Woodbury,  Portsmouth. 


Jonathan  Harvey,  Sutton. 
Joseph  Healy,  Washington. 
Thomas  Whipple,  jr.,  Wentworth. 


i  Resigned  in  January,  1826. 

s  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  Edward 
Lloyd,  and  took  his  seat  February  22. 1826. 

3  Resigned  January  6, 1826,  having  been  elected  governor. 

4  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  Joseph 
Kent,  and  took  his  seat  February  7, 1826. 

e  Resigned  May  23, 1826. 

6  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  James 
Lloyd,  and  took  his  seat  December  4, 1826. 

7  Resigned  September  2ii,  1825. 


8  Appointed  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  David 
Holmes,  and  took  his  seat  December  12, 1825. 

9  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  David 
Holmes,  and  took  his  seat  March  11, 1826. 

10  Died  March  14, 1826. 

11  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  death  of  Christopher 
Rankin,  and  took  his  seat  December  4,  1826;  subsequently 
reelected;  validity  of  election  questioned  on  the  ground  that 
he  was  elected  by  "  his  own  vote." 


NINETEENTH   CONGRESS. 


Ill 


NEW  JERSEY. 

SENATORS. 


Mahlon  Dickerson,  Suckasunny. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


George  Cassedy,  Hackensack. 
Lewis  Condit,  Morristown. 
Daniel  Garrison,  Salem. 


Joseph  Mcllvaine,1  Burlington. 
Ephraim  Bateman,2  Cedarville. 


George  Holcombe,  Allen  town. 
Samuel  Swan,  Somerville. 
Ebenezer  Tucker,  Tuckerton. 


NEW  YORK. 


Martin  Van  Buren,  Albany. 


SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


Parmenio  Adams,  Batavia. 
William  G.  Angel,  Burlington. 
Henry  Ashley,  Catskill. 
Luther  Badger,  Janesville. 
Churchill  C.  Cambreleng,  New  York. 
William  Deitz,  Court  House. 
Nicoll  Fosdick,  Morristown. 
Daniel  G.  Garnsey,  Fredonia. 
John  Hallock,  jr.,  Ridgeberry. 
Abraham  B.  Hasbrouck,  Kingston. 
Moses  Hay  den,  York. 
Michael  Hoffman,  Herkimer. 
Charles  Humphrey,  Ithaca. 
Jeromus  Johnson,  New  York. 
Charles  Kellogg,  Kelloggsville. 
William  McManus,  Troy. 
Henry  Markell,  Palatine. 


Nathan  Sanford,3  Albany. 

Henry  C.  Martindale,  Sandy  Hill. 
Dudley  Marvin,  Canandaigua. 
John  Miller,  Truxton. 
Timothy  H.  Porter,  Olean. 
Robert  S.  Rose,  Geneva. 
Henry  H.  Ross,  Essex. 
Joshua  Sands,  Brooklyn. 
Henry  R.  Storrs,  Whitestown. 
James  Strong,  City  of  Hudson. 
John  W.  Taylor,  Ballston  Spa. 
Egbert  Ten  Eyck,4  Watertown. 
Daniel  Hugunin,  jr.,5  Oswego. 
Stephen  Van  Rensselaer,  Albany. 
Gulian  C.  Verplanck,  New  York. 
Aaron  Ward,  Mount  Pleasant. 
Bartow  W.  White,  Fishkill. 
Elisha  Whittemore. 
Silas  Wood,  Huntington. 


NORTH  CAROLINA. 


Nathaniel  Macon,  Monroe. 


SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


Willis  Alston,  jr.,  Hyde  Park. 
Willie  P.  Mangum,6  Red  Mountain. 
Daniel  L.  Barringer,7  Raleigh. 
John  H.  Bryan,  Newbern. 
Samuel  P.  Carson,  Pleasant  Garden. 
Henry  W.  Conner,  Sherrills  Ford. 
Weldon  N.  Edwards,  Warrenton. 
Richard  Hines,  Edgecombe. 


John  Branch,  Enfield. 

Gabriel  Holmes,  Clinton. 
John  Long,  Longs  Mills. 
Archibald  McNeill,  McNeills  Store. 
Romulus  M.  Saunders,  Milton. 
Lemuel  Sawyer,  Elizabeth. 
Lewis  Williams,  Panther  Creek. 


OHIO. 


SENATORS. 


Benjamin  Ruggles,  St.  Clairsville. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


Mordecai  Bartley,  Mansfield. 
Philemon  Beecher,  Lancaster. 
John  W.  Campbell,  West  Union. 
James  Findlay,  Cincinnati. 
David  Jennings,8  St.  Clairsville. 
Thomas  Shannon,9  Barnesville. 
William  McLean,  Piqua. 
John  Sloane,  Wooster. 


William  Henry  Harrison,  Cincinnati. 


John  Thomson,  Chillicothe. 
Joseph  Vance,  Urbana. 
Samuel  F.  Vinton,  Gallipolis. 
Elisha  Whittlesey,  Canfield. 
William  Wilson,  Newark. 
John  Woods,  Hamilton. 
John  C.  Wright,  Steubenville. 


1  Died  August  19,  1826. 

2  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  death  of  Joseph  Mcll- 
vaine, and  took  his  seat  December  7, 1826. 

3  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  in  term  commencing  March  4, 1825, 
and  took  his  seat  January  31 , 1826;  vacancy  in  this  class  from 
March  4,  1825,  to  January  14, 1826. 

« Served  until    December  15,  1825;  succeeded  by  Daniel 
Hugunin,  jr.,  who  contested  his  election. 


6  Successfully  contested  the  seat  of  Egbert  Ten  Eyck,  and 
took  his  seat  December  15, 1825. 

s  Resigned  March  18, 1826. 

7  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  Willie  P. 
Mangum,  and  took  his  seat  December  4, 1826. 

8  Resigned  May  25,  1826. 

9  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  David 
Jennings,  and  took  his  seat  December  4, 1826. 


112 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 


PENNSYLVANIA. 


SENATORS. 


William  Findlay,  Franklin  ton. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


William  Addams,  Reading. 
James  Buchanan,  Lancaster. 
Samuel  Edwards,  Chester. 
Patrick  Farrelly,1  Meadville. 
Thomas  H.  Sill,2  Erie 
John  Findlay,  Chambersburg. 
Robert  Harris,  Harrisburg. 
Joseph  Hemphill,3  Philadelphia. 
Thomas  Kittera,4  Philadelphia. 
Samuel  D.  Ingham,  New  Hope. 
George  Kremer,  Lewisburg. 
Joseph  Lawrence,  Washington. 
Samuel  McKean,  Burlington. 
Philip  S.  Markley,  Nprristown. 
Daniel  H.  Miller,  Philadelphia. 


William  Marks,  Pittsburg. 

Charles  Miner,  West  Chester. 
James  S.  Mitchell,  Rossville. 
John  Mitchell,  Bellefonte. 
Robert  Orr,  Kittanning. 
George  Plumer,  Robbstown. 
James  S.  Stevenson,  Pittsburgh. 
Andrew  Stewart,  Uniontown. 
Alexander  Thomson,5  Bedford. 
Chauncey  Forward,6  Somerset. 
Espy  Van  Home,  Williamsport. 
Henry  Wilson,7  Allentown. 
Jacob  Krebs,8  Orwigsburg. 
James  Wilson,  Fairfield. 
George  Wolf,  Easton. 
John  Wurts,  Philadelphia. 


RHODE    ISLAND. 

SENATORS. 


Nehemiah  R.  Knight,  Providence. 


James  DeWolf,9  Bristol; 
Asher  Robbins,10  Newport. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 

Tristam  Burges,  Providence.  Dutee  J.  Pearce,  Newport. 

SOUTH  CAROLINA. 


John  Gaillard,  n  Pendleton. 
William  Harper, 12  Charleston. 
William  Smith, 13  Charleston. 


SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


John  Carter,  Camden. 
Joel  R.  Poinsett,14  Charleston. 
William  Draytpn,15  Charleston. 
Joseph  Gist,  Pinckneyville. 
Andrew  R.  Go  van,  Orangeburg. 


Robert  Y.  Hayne,  Charleston. 


James  Hamilton,  jr.,  Charleston. 
George  McDuffie,  Edgefield. 
Thomas  R.  Mitchell,  Georgetown. 
Starling  Tucker,  Mountain  Shoals. 
John  Wilson,  Golden  Grove. 


TENNESSEE. 


John  H.  Eaton,  Nashville. 


Adam  R.  Alexander,  Jackson. 
Robert  Allen,  Carthage. 
John  Blair,  Jonesboro. 
John  Cocke,  Rutledge. 
Samuel  Houston,  Nashville. 


SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES . 


Andrew  Jackson, 16  Nashville. 
Hugh  L.  White, 17  Knoxville. 


Jacob  C.  Isacks,  Winchester. 
John  H.  Marable,  Yellow  Creek. 
James  C.  Mitchell,  Athens. 
James  K.  Polk,  Columbia. 


i  Died  January  12, 1826. 

s  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  death  of  Patrick  Farrelly, 
and  took  his  seat  April  3,  1826. 

3  Resigned  in  1826. 

4  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  Joseph 
Hemphill,  and  took  his  seat  December  4,  1826. 

6  Resigned  May  1, 1826. 

6  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  Alexander 
Thomson,  and  took  his  seat  December  4,  1826. 
i  Died  August  13,  1826. 

8  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  death  of  Henry  Wilson, 
and  took  his  seat  December  4, 1826. 

9  Resigned  October  31, 1825. 


10  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  James 
DeWolf,  and  took  his  seat  December  5,  1825. 
"  Died  February  26,  1826. 

12  Appointed  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  death  of  John  Gaillard, 
and  took  his  seat  March  28,  1826. 

13  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  death  of  John  Gaillard, 
and  took  his  seat  December  7,  1826. 

u  Resigned  March  7, 1825,  to  become  minister  to  Mexico, 
is  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  Joel  R. 
Poinsett,  and  took  his  seat  December  5, 1825. 

16  Resigned  October  14,  1825. 

17  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  Andrew 
Jackson,  and  took  his  seat  December  12,  1825. 


NINETEENTH   CONGRESS. 
VERMONT. 

SENATORS. 


113 


Horatio  Seymour,  Middlebury. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


William  C.  Bradley,  Westminster. 
Rollin  C.  Mallary,  Poultney. 
John  Mattocks,  Pearham. 


VIRGINIA. 


SENATORS. 


James  Barbour, '  Barbouraville. 
John  Randolph, 2  Charlotte. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


Mark  Alexander,  Lombardy  Grove. 
William  S.  Archer,  Amelia. 
William  Armstrong,  Romney. 
John  S.  Barbour,  Culpeper. 
Burwell  Bassett,  Williamsburg. 
Nathaniel  H.  Claiborne,  Rocky  Mount. 
George  W.  Crump,  Cumberland. 
Thomas  Davenport,  Meadsville. 
Benjamin  Estil,  Abingdon. 
John  Floyd,  Newbern. 
Robert  S.  Garnett,  Lloyds 


Dudley  Chase,  Randolph. 


Ezra  Meech,  Shelburn. 
George  E.  Wales,  Hartford. 


Littleton  W.  Tazewell,  Norfolk. 


Joseph  Johnson,  Bridgeport. 
William  McCoy,  Franklin. 
Charles  F.  Mercer,  Aldie. 
Thomas  Newton,  jr.,  Norfolk. 
Alfred  H.  Powell,  Winchester. 
William  C.  Rives,  Milton. 
William  Smith,  Lewisburg. 
Andrew  Stevenson,  Richmond. 
John  Taliaferro,  Fredericksburg. 
Robert  Taylor,  Orange. 
James  Trezvant,  Jerusalem. 


ARKANSAW  TERRITORY. 

DELEGATE. 

Henry  W.  Con  way,  Little  Rock. 
TERRITORY  OP  FLORIDA. 

DELEGATE. 

Joseph  M.  White,  Pensacola. 
MICHIGAN  TERRITORY. 

DELEGATE. 

Austin  E.  Wing,  Detroit. 


Resigned  March  27, 1825. 

50346°— S.  Doc.  654.  61-2- 


*  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  James  Bar- 
bour, and  took  his  seat  December  26, 1825. 


TWENTIETH  CONGRESS. 


MARCH  4,  1827,  TO  MARCH  3,  1829. 


FIRST  SESSION— December  3,  1827,  to  May  26,  1828.  SECOND  SESSION— December  1, 

1828,  to  March  3,  1829. 


VICE  PRESIDENT^John  C.  Calhoun,  of  South  Carolina.  PRESIDENTS  OF  THE  SENATE 
PRO  TEMPORE— Samuel  Smith,1  of  Maryland.  SECRETARY  OF  THE  SENATE— Walter  Lowrie, 
of  Pennsylvania. 

SPEAKER  OF  THE  HOUSE— Andrew  Stevenson,  of  Virginia.2  CLERK  OF  THE  HOUSE— 
Matthew  St.  Clair  Clarke,  of  Pennsylvania. 


ALABAMA. 

SENATORS. 

William  R.  King,  Selma.  John  McKinley,  Huntsville. 

KEPRESENTATIVES. 

John  McKee,  Tuscaloosa.  George  W.  Owen,  Claiborne. 

Gabriel  Moore,  Huntsville. 

CONNECTICUT. 

SENATORS. 

Calvin  Willey,  Toland.  Samuel  A.  Foot,  Cheshire. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

John  Baldwin,  Windham.  Orange  Merwin,  New  Milford. 

Noyes  Barber,  Groton.  Elisha  Phelps,  Simsbury. 

Ralph  I.  Ingersoll,  New  Haven.  David  Plant,  Stratford. 

DELAWARE. 

SENATORS. 

Henry  M.  Ridgeley,  Dover.  Louis  Me  Lane,  Wilmington. 

REPRESENTATIVE. 

Kensey  Johns,  jr.,  Newcastle. 
GEORGIA. 

SENATORS. 

Thomas  W.  Cobb,3  Greensboro.  John  McPherson  Berrien,  Savannah. 

Oliver  H.  Prince,4  Macon. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

John  Floyd,  Jefferson.  Wilson  Lumpkin,  Madison. 

Tomlinson  Fort,  Milledgeville.  Wiley  Thompson,  Elberton. 

George  R.  Gilmer,  Lexington.  Richard  H.  Wilde,  Augusta. 
Charles  E.  Haynes,  Sparta. 

i  Elected  May  15, 1828.    Nathaniel  Macon,  of  North  Caro-        a  Resigned  in  1828. 

lina,  was  first  elected  on  the  same  day,  but  declined  to  serve.        *  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  Thomas  W. 
*  Elected  December  3, 1827.  Cobb,  and  took  his  seat  December  1, 1828. 

114 


TWENTIETH   CONGRESS. 


115 


ILLINOIS. 

SENATORS. 

Jesse  B.  Thomas,  Edwardsville.  Eliae  K.  Kane,  Kaskaskia. 

REPRESENTATIVE  . 

Joseph  Duncan,  Brownsville. 
INDIANA. 


James  Noble,  Brookville. 


SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVE. 


Thomas  H.  Blake,  Terre  Haute. 
Jonathan  Jennings,  Charleston. 

KENTUCKY. 

SENATORS. 

Richard  M.  Johnson,  Great  Crossings. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

Richard  A.  Buckner,  Greensburg. 
Thomas  Chilton,  Elizabethtown. 
James  Clark,  Winchester.    _ 
Henry  Daniel,  Mount  Sterling. 
Joseph  Lecompte,  Newcastle. 
Robert  P.  Letcher,  Lancaster. 
Chittenden  Lyon,  Eddyville. 

LOUISIANA. 

SENATORS. 


Josiah  S.  Johnston,  Alexandria. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


William  L.  Brent,  St.  Martinsville. 
Henry  H.  Gurley,  Baton  Rouge. 


John  Chandler,  Monmouth. 


John  Anderson,  Portland. 
Samuel  Butman,  Dixmont. 
Rufus  Mclntire,  Parsonsfield. 
Jeremiah  O'Brien,  Machias. 


Samuel  Smith,  Baltimore. 


John  Barney,  Baltimore. 
Clement  Dorsey,  Chaptico. 
Levin  Gale,  Elkton. 
John  L.  Kerr,  Easton. 
Peter  Little,  Freedom. 


MAINE. 


SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


MARYLAND. 


SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


William  Hendricks,  Madison. 


Oliver  H.  Smith,  Connersville. 


John  Rowan,  Louisville. 


Robert  McHatton,  Georgetown. 
Thomas  Metcalfe,1  Carlisle. 
John  Chambers,"  Washington. 
Thomas  P.  Moore,  Harrodsburg. 
Charles  A.  Wickliffe,  Bardstown. 
Joel  Yancey,  Glasgow. 


Dominique  Bouligny,  New  Orleans. 


Edward  Livingston,  New  Orleans. 


Albion  K.  Parris,3  Portland. 
John  Holmes,4  Alfred. 


James  W.  Ripley,  Fryeburg. 
Peleg  Sprague,  Hallowell. 
Joseph  F.  Wingate,  Bath. 


Ezekiel  F.  Chambers,  Chestertown. 


Michael  C.  Sprigg,  Frostburg. 
George  C.  Washington,  Rockville. 
John  C.  Weems,  Waterloo. 
Ephraim  K.  Wilson,  Snow  Hill. 


1  Resigned  June  1,  1828. 

2  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  Thomas 
Metcalfe,  and  took  his  seat  December  1,  1828. 


'  Resigned  August  26,  1828. 

4  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resgination  of  Albion  K. 
Parris,  and  took  his  seat  January  20,  1829. 


116 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 
MASSACHUSETTS. 

SENATORS. 


Nathaniel  Silsbee,  Salem. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


Samuel  C.  Allen,  Greenfield. 

John  Bailey,  Milton. 

Isaac  C.  Bates,  Northampton. 

Benjamin  W.  Crowninshield,  Salem. 

John  Davis,  Worcester. 

Henry  W.  D wight,  Stockbridge. 

Edward  Everett,  Cambridge. 


Daniel  Webster,  Boston. 


Benjamin  Gorham,  Boston. 
James  L.  Hodges,  Taunton. 
John  Locke,  Ashby. 
John  Reed,  Yarmouth. 
Joseph  Richardson,  Hingham. 
John  Varaum,  Haverhill. 


MISSISSIPPI. 

SENATORS. 


Thomas  H.  Williams,  Washington. 


William  Haile,1  Woodville. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 

MISSOURI. 
SENATORS. 


Thomas  H.  Ben  ton,  St.  Louis. 


Powhatan  Ellis,  Winchester. 


Thomas  Hinds,2  Greenville. 


David  Barton,  St.  Louis. 


REPRESENTATIVE. 

Edward  Bates,  St.  Louis. 


NEW  HAMPSHIBE. 

SENATORS. 


Samuel  Bell,  Chester. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


David  Barker,  jr.,  Rochester. 
Ichabod  Bartlett,  Portsmouth. 
Titus  Brown,  Francestown. 


Levi  Woodbury,  Portsmouth. 


Jonathan  Harvey,  Sutton. 
Joseph  Healy,  Washington. 
Thomas  Whipple,  jr.,  Wentworth. 


NEW  JERSEY. 


SENATORS. 


Ephraim  Bateman,3  Cedarville. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


Lewis  Condit,  Morristown. 
George  Holcombe,5  Allentown. 
James  F.  Randolph,6  New  Brunswick. 
Isaac  Pierson,  Orange. 


Mahlon  Dickerson,4  Suckasunny. 


Hedge  Thompson,7  Salem. 
Thomas  Sinnickson,8  Salem. 
Samuel  Swan,  Somerville. 
Ebenezer  Tucker,  Tuckerton . 


i  Resigned  in  1828. 

3  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  William 
Haile,  and  took  his  seat  December  8,  i828. 

'  A  remonstrance  against  the  legality  of  his  election  was 
considered  by  a  select  committee  of  five  Senators;  it  revealed 
that,  as  chairman  of  the  joint  convention  of  the  general  assem- 
bly of  New  Jersey,  Mr.  Bateman  had  voted  for  himself  for 
Senator,  had  broken  a  tie  vote  thereby,  and  upon  such  state 
of  facts  the  certificate  had  been  Issued  to  bun;  May  22, 1828, 
the  committee  reported,  holding  that  he  had  only  exercised  a 
legal  right  by  thus  voting,  and,  upon  its  request,  was  dis- 
charged; resigned  January  12, 1829. 


1  Resigned  January  30,  1829;  subsequently  elected  to  fill  va- 
cancy caused  by  resignation  of  Ephraim  Bateman,  and  took 
his  seat  February  9,  1829.  State  unrepresented  in  this  class 
from  January  30, 1829,  to  March  3, 1829. 

*  Died  January  14,  1828. 

«  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  death  of  George  Holcombe, 
and  took  his  seat  December  1, 1828. 

*  Died  July  23, 1828. 

*  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  death  of  Hedge  Thomp- 
son, and  took  his  seat  December  1, 1828. 


TWENTIETH   CONGRESS. 


117 


Martin  Van  Buren,1  Albany. 
Charles  E.  Dudley,2  Albany. 


NEW  YORK. 


SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


Daniel  D.  Barnard,  Rochester. 
Thomas  Beekman,  Peterboro. 
George  O.  Belden,  Monticello. 
Rudolph  Bunner,  Oswego. 
Churchill.  C.  Cambreleng,  New  York. 
Samuel  Chase,  Cooperstown. 
John  C.  Clarke,  Bambridge. 
John  I.  De  Graff,  Schenectady. 
John  D.  Dickinson,  Troy. 
Jonas  Earll,  jr.,  Onondaga. 
Daniel  G.  Garnsey,  Fredonia. 
Nathaniel  Garrow,  Auburn. 
John  Hallock,  jr.,  Ridgebury. 
Selah  R.  Hobbie,  Delhi. 
Michael  Hoffman,  Herkimer. 
Jeromus  Johnson,  New  York. 
Richard  Keese,  Keeseville. 
John  Magee,  Bath. 


Nathan  Sanford,  Albany. 


Henry  Markell,  Palatine. 
Henry  C.  Martindale,  Sandy  Hill. 
Dudley  Marvin,  Canandaigua. 
John  Maynard,  Ovid  Village. 
Thomas  J .  Oakley,3  Poughkeepsie. 
Thomas  Taber,  2d,4  Dover. 
Henry  R.  Storrs,  Whitestown. 
John  G.  Stower,  Hamilton. 
James  Strong,  City  of  Hudson. 
John  W.  Taylor,  Ballston  Spa. 
Phineas  L.  Tracy,  Batavia. 
Stephen  Van  Rensselaer,  Albany. 
Gulian  C.  Verplanck,  New  York. 
Aaron  Ward,  Mount  Pleasant. 
John  J.  Wood,  Clarkstown. 
Silas  Wood,  Huntingdon. 
David  Woodcock,  Ithaca. 
Silas  Wright,  jr.,5  Canton. 


NORTH  CAROLINA. 


SENATORS. 


Nathaniel  Macon,6  Warrenton . 
James  Iredell,7  Edenton. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


Willis  Alston,  jr.,  Hyde  Park. 
Daniel  L.  Barringer,  Raleigh. 
John  H.  Brvan,  Newbern. 
Samuel  P.  Carson,  Pleasant  Garden. 
Henry  W.  Conner,  Sherrills  Ford. 
John  Culpepper,  Beards  Store. 
Thomas  H.  Hall,  Tarboro. 


John  Branch,  Enfield. 


Gabriel  Holmes,  Montpelier. 
John  Long,  Longs  Mills. 
Lemuel  Sawyer,  Elizabeth. 
Augustine  H.  Shepperd,  German  town. 
Daniel  Turner,  Warrenton. 
Lewis  Williams,  Panther  Creek. 


OHIO. 


SENATORS. 


Benjamin  Ruggles,  St.  Clairsville. 


William  Henry  Harrison,8  Cincinnati. 
Jacob  Burnet,9  Cincinnati. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


Mordecai  Bartley,  Mansfield. 
Philemon  Beecher,  Lancaster. 
William  Creighton,  jr.,6  Chillicothe. 
Francis  S.  Muhlenburg.10 
John  Davenport,  Barnesville. 
James  Findlay,  Cincinnati. 
William  McLean,  Piqua. 
William  Russell,  West  Union. 


John  Sloane,  Wooster. 
William  Stanberry,  Newark. 
Joseph  Vance,  Urbana. 
Samuel  F.  Vinton,  Gallipolis. 
Elisha  Whittlesey,  Canfield. 
John  Woods,  Hamilton. 
John  C.  Wright,  Steubenville. 


PENNSYLVANIA. 


William  Marks,  Pittsburg. 


SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


William  Addams,  Reading. 
Samuel  Anderson,  Providence. 
Stephen  Barlow,  Meadville. 
James  Buchanan,  Lancaster. 


Isaac  D.  Barnard,  West  Chester. 


Richard  Coulter,  Greensburg. 
Chauncey  Forward,  Somerset. 
Joseph  Fry,  jr.,  Fryburg. 
Innis  Green,  Dauphin. 


i  Resigned  December  20, 1828. 

J  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  Martin  Van 
Buren,  and  took  his  seat  January  29, 1829. 

a  Resigned  May  9, 1828. 

«  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  Thomas  J. 
Oakley,  and  took  his  seat  December  1,  1828. 

6  Resigned  February  16, 1829. 

«  Resigned  in  1828. 


'  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  Nathaniel 
Macon,  and  took  his  seat  December  23, 1828. 

«  Resigned  May  20, 1828. 

9  Elected  to  nil  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  AVilliam 
Henry  Harrison,  and  took  his  seat  December  29, 1828. 

•'Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  William 
Creighton,  jr.,  and  took  his  seat  December  19, 1828. 


118 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 


Samuel  D.  Ingham,  New  Hope. 
Adam  King,  York. 
George  Kremer,  Lewisburg. 
Joseph  Lawrence,  Washington. 
Samuel  McKean,  Burlington. 
Daniel  H.  Miller,  Philadelphia. 
Charles  Miner,  West  Chester. 
John  Mitchell,  Belief  on  te. 
Robert  Orr,  jr.,  Kittanning. 


William  Ramsay,  Carlisle. 
John  Sergeant,1  Philadelphia. 
John  B.  Sterigere,  Upper  Dublin. 
James  S.  Stevenson,  ^Pittsburgh. 
Andrew  Stewart,  Union  town. 
Joel  B.  Sutherland,  Philadelphia. 
Espy  Van  Home,  Williamsport. 
James  Wilson,  Fairfield. 
George  Wolf,  Easton. 


RHODE   ISLAND. 

SENATORS. 


Nehemiah  R.  Knight,  Providence. 


Asher  Robbins,  Newport. 


REPRESENTATIVES . 

Tristam  Burges,  Providence.  Dutee  J.  Pearce,  Newport. 


SOUTH  CAROLINA. 

SENATORS. 


Robert  Y.  Hayne,  Charleston. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


John  Carter,  Camden. 
Warren  R.  Davis,  Pendleton. 
William  Dray  ton,  Charleston. 
James  Hamilton,  jr.,  Charleston. 
George  McDuffie,  Edgefield. 


William  Smith,  Charleston. 


William  D.  Martin,  Barn  well. 
Thomas  R.  Mitchell,  Georgetown. 
William  T.  Nuckolls,  Spartanburg. 
Starling  Tucker,  Mountain  Shoals. 


John  H.  Eaton,  Nashville. 


John  Bell,  Nashville. 
John  Blair,  Jonesboro. 
David  Crockett,  Trenton. 
Robert  Desha,  Gallatin. 
Jacob  C.  Isacks,  Winchester. 


TENNESSEE. 

SENATORS. 
RFPRESENTATIVES. 


Hugh  L.  White,  Knoxville. 


Pry  or  Lea,  Knoxville. 
John  H.  Marable,  Yellow  Creek. 
James  C.  Mitchell,  Athens. 
James  K.  Polk,  Columbia. 


VERMONT. 

SENATORS. 

Horatio  Seymour,  Middlebury.  Dudley  Chase,  Randolph. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 


Daniel  A.  A.  Buck,  Chelsea. 
Jonathan  Hunt,  Brattleboro. 
Rollin  C.  Mallary,  Poultney. 


Benjamin  Swift,  St.  Albans. 
George  E.  Wales,  Hartford. 


i  Election  questioned  by  sundry  citizens  of  Pennsylvania.    On  January  14,  1826,  resolution  was  adopted  declaring  him 
entitled  to  his  seat. 


TWENTIETH    CONGEESS. 


119 


VIBGINIA. 


SENATORS. 


Littleton  W.  Tazewell,  Norfolk. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


Mark  Alexander,  Lombardy  Grove. 
Robert  Allen,  Mount  Jackson. 
William  S.  Archer,  Elkhjll. 
William  Armstrong,  Romney. 
John  S.  Barbour,  Culpeper. 
Philip  P.  Barbour,  Gordonsville. 
Burwell  Bassett,  Williamsburg. 
Nathaniel  H.  Claiborne,  Rocky  Mount. 
Thomas  Davenport,  Meadsville. 
John  Floyd,  Newbern. 
Isaac  Leffler,  Wheeling. 


John  Tyler,  Charles  City. 


Lewis  Maxwell,  Weston. 
Charles  F.  Mercer,  Aldie. 
William  McCoy,  Franklin. 
Thomas  Newton,  jr.,  Norfolk. 
John  Randolph,  Charlotte. 
William  C.  Rives,  Milton. 
John  Roane,  Rumford  Academy. 
Alexander  Smyth,  Wythe. 
Andrew  Stevenson,  Richmond. 
John  Taliaferro,  Fredericksburg. 
James  Trezvant,  Jerusalem. 


ARKANSAW  TERRITORY. 

DELEGATE. 

Ambrose  H.  Sevier,  Little  Rock. 
TERRITORY  OF  FLORIDA. 

DELEGATE. 

Joseph  M.  White,  Pensacola. 
MICHIGAN  TERRITORY. 

DELEGATE. 

Austin  E.  Wing,  Detroit. 


TWENTY-FIRST  CONGRESS. 


MARCH  4,  1829,  TO  MARCH  3,  1831. 


FIRST  SESSION— December  7,  1829,  to  May  31,  1830.  SECOND  SESSION— December  6, 
1830,  to  March  3,  1831.  SPECIAL  SESSION  OF  THE  SENATE— March  4,  1829,  to 
March  17,  1829. 


VICE  PRESIDENT— John  C.  Calhoun,  of  South  Carolina.  PRESIDENT  OF  THE  SENATE 
PBO  TEMPORE— Samuel  Smith,1  of  Maryland.  SECRETARY  OF  THE  SENATE— Walter  Lowrie, 
of  Pennsylvania. 

SPEAKER  OF  THE  HOUSE— Andrew  Stevenson,  of  Virginia.  CLEEK  OF  THE  HOUSE— 
Matthew  St.  Clair  Clarke,  of  Pennsylvania. 


ALABAMA. 


SENATORS. 


William  R.  King,  Selma. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


Robert  E.  B.  Baylor,  Tuscaloosa. 
Clement  C.  Clay,  Huntsville. 


CONNECTICUT. 


John  McKinley,  Florence. 


Dixon  H.  Lewis,  Montgomery. 


Calvin  Willey,  Tolland. 


SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


Noyes  Barber,  Groton. 
William  W.  Ellsworth,  Hartford. 
Jabez  W.  Huntington,  Litchfield. 


DELAWARE. 


Samuel  A.  Foot,  Cheshire. 


Ralph  I.  Ingersoll,  New  Haven. 
William  L.  Storrs,  Middletown. 
Ebenezer  Young,  Killingly. 


SENATORS. 

Louis  McLane,2  Wilmington. 
Arnold  Naudain,3  Wilmington. 

REPRESENTATIVE. 

Kensey,  Johns,  jr.,  Newcastle. 
GEORGIA. 


John  M.  Clayton,  Dover. 


SENATORS. 


John  Macpherson  Berrien,4  Savannah. 
John  Forsyth,5  Augusta. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


Thomas  F.  Foster,  Greensboro. 
Charles  E.  Haynes,  Sparta. 
George  R.  Gilmer,6  Lexington. 
Henry  G.  Lamar,7  Macon. 


George  M.  Troup,  Dublin. 


Wilson  Lumpkin,  Monroe. 
Wiley  Thompson,  Elberton. 
James  M.  Wayne,  Savannah. 
Richard  H.  Wilde,  Augusta. 


i  Elected  March  13,  1829  (special  session  of  the  Senate); 
May  29,  1830;  March  1, 1831;  Littleton  W.  Tazewell,  of  Vir- 
ginia, was  first  elected  on  the  last-named  date,  but  declined 
to  serve. 

J  Resigned  April  16, 1829. 

8  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  Louis 
McLane,  and  took  his  seat  January  13, 1830. 

120 


«  Resigned  March  9, 1829. 

'  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  John  Mac- 
pherson Berrien,  and  took  his  seat  December  8, 1829. 

•  Resigned  in  September,  1829,  having  been  elected  gov- 
ernor. 

i  Elected  to  fill  vacany  caused  by  the  resignation  of  George  R. 
Gilmer,  and  took  his  seat  December  7, 1829. 


TWENTY-FIRST   CONGRESS.  121 

ILLINOIS. 

SENATORS. 

Elias  K.  Kane,  Kaskaskia.  John  McLean,1  Shawneetown. 

David  J.  Baker,2  Shawneetown. 
John  M.  Robinson,3  Carmi. 

REPRESENTATIVE. 

Joseph  Duncan,  Brownsville. 
INDIANA. 

SENATORS. 

James  Noble,4  Brookville.  William  Hendricks,  Madison. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

Ratliff  Boon,  Boonville.  John  Test,  Lawrenceburg. 

Jonathan  Jennings,  Charleston. 

KENTUCKY. 

SENATORS. 

John  Rowan,  Louisville.  George  M.  Bibb,  Yellow  Banks. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

Thomas  Chilton,  Elizabeth  town.  John  Kincaid,  Stanford. 

James  Clark,  Winchester.  Joseph  Lecompte,  Newcastle. 

Nicholas  D.  Coleman,  Washington.  Robert  P.  Letcher,  Lancaster. 

Henry  Daniel,  Mount  Sterling.  Chittenden  Lyon,  Eddyville. 

Nathan  Gaither,  Columbia.  Charles  A.  Wickliffe,  Bardstown. 

Richard  M.  Johnson,  Great  Crossing.  Joel  Yancey,  Glasgow. 

LOUISIANA. 

SENATORS. 

Josiah  S.  Johnston,  Alexandria.  Edward  Livingston,  New  Orleans. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

Henry  H.  Gurley,  Baton  Rouge.  Edward  D.  White,  Donaldsonville. 

Walter  H.  Overton,  Alexandria. 

MAINE. 

SENATORS. 

John  Holmes,  Alfred.  Peleg  Sprague,  Hallowell. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

John  Anderson,  Portland.  Rufus  Mclntire,  Parsonfield. 

Samuel  Butman,  Dixmont.  James  W.  Ripley,5  Fryeburg. 

George  Evans,  Gardiner.  Cornelius  Holland,6  Canton. 

Leonard  Jarvis,  Ellsworth.  Joseph  F.  Wingate,  Bath. 

MARYLAND. 

SENATORS. 

Samuel  Smith,  Baltimore.  Ezekiel  F.  Chambers,  Chestertown. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

Elias  Brown,  Freedom.  Richard  Spencer,  Easton. 

Clement  Dorsey,  Chaptico.  Michael  C.  Sprigg,  Frostburg. 

Benjamin  O.  Howard,  Baltimore.  George  C.  Washington,  Rockville. 

George  E.  Mitchell,  Elkton.  Ephraim  K.  Wilson,  Snow  Hill. 
Benedict  I.  Semmes,  Piscataway. 

1  Died  October  14. 1830.  <  Died  February  26, 1831. 

1  Appointed  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  death  of  John  McLean,  *  Election  unsuccessfully  contested  by  Reuel  Washburn; 

and  took  his  seat  December  6, 1830.  resigned  March  12, 1830. 

»  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  death  of  John  McLean,  •  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  James  W. 

and  took  his  seat  January  4, 1831.  Ripley,  and  took  his  seat  December  6, 1830. 


122 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 


MASSACHUSETTS. 


Nathaniel  Silsbee,  Salem. 


SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES . 


John  Bailey,  Milton. 

Isaac  C.  Bates,  Northampton. 

Benjamin  W.  Crowninshield,  Salem. 

John  Davis,  Worcester. 

Henry  W.  Dwight,  Stockbridge. 

Edward  Everett,  Charlestown. 

Benjamin  Gorham,  Boston. 


MISSISSIPPI. 


SENATORS. 


Powhatan  Ellis,  Winchester. 


Daniel  Webster,  Boston. 

George  Grennell,  jr.,  Greenfield. 
James  L.  Hodges,  Taunton. 
Joseph  G.  Kendall,  Leominster. 
John  Reed,  Yarmouth  Port. 
Joseph  Richardson,  Hingham. 
John  Varnum,  Haverhill. 


Thomas  B.  Reed,1  Natchez. 
Robert  H.  Adams,2  Natchez. 
George  Poindexter,3  Natchez. 


REPRESENTATIVE. 

Thomas  Hinds,  Greenville. 
MISSOURI. 

SENATORS. 


David  Barton,  St.  Louis. 


Thomas  H.  Benton,  St.  Louis. 


REPRESENTATIVE. 

Spencer  Pettis,  Fayette. 


NEW  HAMPSHIRE. 


Samuel  Bell,  Chester. 


SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


John  Brodhead,  New  Market. 
Thomas  Chandler,  Hillsboro. 
Joseph  Hammons,  Farmington. 


NEV7  JERSEY. 


SENATORS. 


Mahlon  Dickerson,  Suckasunny. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


Lewis  Condit,  Morristown. 
Richard  M.  Cooper,  Camden. 
Thomas  H.  Hughes,  Cold  Spring. 


Levi  Woodbury,  Portsmouth. 


Jonathan  Harvey,  Sutton. 
Henry  Hubbard,  Charlestown. 
John  W.  Weeks,  Lancaster. 


Theodore  Frelinghuysen,  Newark. 


Isaac  Pierson,  Orange. 

James  F.  Randolph,  North  Brunswick. 

Samuel  Swan,  Bound  Brook. 


NEW   YORK. 


Nathan  Sanford,  Albany. 


SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


William  G.  Angel,  Burlington. 
Benedict  Arnold,  Amsterdam. 
Abraham  Bockee,  Federal  Store. 
Peter  I.  Borst,  Middleburg. 
Churchill  C.  Cambreleng,  New  York. 
Timothy  Childs,  Rochester. 


Charles  E.  Dudley,  Albany. 


Henry  B.  Cowles,  Carmel. 
Hector  Craig,4  Craigville. 
Samuel  W.  Eager,5  Montgomery. 
Jacob  Crocheron,  Smithfield. 
Charles  G.  De  Witt,  Kingston. 
John  D.  Dickinson,  Troy. 


i  Died  November  26,  1829. 

*  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  in  term  ending  March  3, 1835,  caused 
by  death  of  Thomas  B .  Reed,  and  took  his  seat  February  8, 1830; 
died  July  2,  1830. 

3  Appointed  to  fill  vacancy  in  term  ending  March  3,  1835, 


caused  by  death  of  Robert  H.  Adams,  and  took  his  seat  De- 
cember 6,  1830;  subsequently  elected. 

«  Resigned  July  12,  1830. 

6  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  Hector  Craig, 
and  took  his  seat  December  6, 1830. 


TWENTY-FIRST  CONGRESS. 


123 


Jonas  Earll,  jr.,  Onondaga. 
Isaac  Finch,  Jay. 
George  Fisher,1  Oswego. 
Jonah  Sanford,2  Oswego. 
Jehiel  H.  Halsey,  Lodi. 
Joseph  Hawkins,  Henderson. 
Michael  Hoffman,  Herkimer. 
Perkins  King,  Freehold. 
James  W.  Lent,  Newtown. 
John  Magee,  Bath. 
Henry  C.  Martindale,  Sandy  Hill. 
Thomas  Maxwell,  Elmira. 


Robert  Monell,*  Greene. 
Ebenezer  F.  Norton,  Buffalo. 
Gershom  Powers,  Auburn. 
Robert  S.  Rose,  Geneva. 
Ambrose  Spencer,  Albany. 
James  Strong,  Hudson. 
Henry  R.  Storrs,  Whitestown. 
John  W.  Taylor,  Ballston  Spa. 
Phineas  L.  Tracy,  Batavia. 
Gulian  C.  Verplanck,  New  York. 
Campbell  P.  White,  New  York. 


NORTH  CAROLINA. 


SENATORS. 


John  Branch, 4  Enfield. 
Bedford  Brown,  5  Browns  Store. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


Willis  Alston,  jr.,  Fortunes  Fork. 
Daniel  L.  Barringer,  Raleigh. 
Samuel  P.  Carson,  Pleasant  Garden. 
Henry  W.  Conner,  Sherrills  Ford. 
Edmund  Deberry,  Lawrenceville. 
Edward  B.  Dudley,  Wilmington. 
Thomas  H.  Hall,  Tarboro. 


OHIO. 


James  Iredell,  Edenton. 


Robert  Potter,  Oxford. 
Abraham  Rencher,  Pittsboro. 
William  B.  Shepard,  Elizabeth  City. 
Augustine  H.  Shepperd,  German  town. 
Jesse  Speight,  Speights  Bridge. 
Lewis  Williams,  Panther  Creek. 


SENATORS. 


Benjamin  Ruggles,  St.  Clairsville. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


Mordecai  Bartley,  Mansfield. 
Joseph  H.  Crane,  Dayton. 
William  Creighton,  jr.,  Chillicothe. 
James  Findlay,  Cincinnati. 
John  M.  Goodenow,  6  Steubenville. 
Humphrey  H.  Leavitt,  7  Steubenville. 
William  W.  Irvin,  Lancaster. 
William  Kennon,  St.  Clairsville. 


Jacob  Burnet,  Cincinnati. 


William  Russell,  West  Union. 
James  Shields,  Dicks  Mills. 
William  Stanberry,  Newark. 
John  Thomson,  New  Lisbon. 
Joseph  Vance,  Urbana. 
Samuel  F.  Vinton,  Gallipolis. 
Elisha  Whittlesey,  Canfield. 


PENNSYLVANIA. 


William  Marks,  Pittsburg. 


SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


James  Buchanan,  Lancaster. 
Richard  Coulter,  Greensburg. 
Thomas  H.  Crawford,  Chambersburg. 
Harmar  Denny,  Pittsburgh. 
Joshua  Evans,  Paoli. 
James  Ford,  Lawrenceville. 
Chauncey  Forward,  Somerset. 
Joseph  Fry,  jr.,  Fryburg. 
John  Gilmore,  Butler. 
Inn  is  Green,  Dauphin. 
Joseph  Hemphill,  Philadelphia. 
Peter  Ihrie,  jr.,  Easton. 
Thomas  Irwin,  Uniontown. 
Adam  King,  York. 


Isaac  D.  Barnard,  West  Chester. 


George  C.  Leiper,  Leiperville. 
Alem  Marr,  Danville. 
William  McCreedy,    Bricelands   Cross- 
roads. 

Daniel  H.  Miller,  Philadelphia.  , 
Henry  A.  Muhlenberg,  Reading. 
William  Ramsey,  Carlisle. 
John  Scott,  Alexandria. 
Thomas  H.  Sill,  Erie. 
Samuel  A.  Smith,  Doylestown. 
Philander  Stephens,  Montrose. 
John  B.  Sterigere,  Norristown. 
Joel  B.  Sutherland,  Philadelphia. 


'Served  until  February  5,  1830;  election  successfully  con- 
tested by  Silas  Wright,  jr.,  who  thereafter  declined  to  take  the 
seat. 

2  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  Silas  Wright,  jr.,  declin- 
ing to  take  his  seat. 

3  Resigned  February  21,  1831. 


<  Resigned  March  9, 1829.  • 

5  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  John  Branch, 
and  took  his  seat  December  28,  1829. 

6  Resigned  April  9,  1830. 

7  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  John  M. 
Goodenow,  and  took  his  seat  December  6,  1830. 


124 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 


RHODE   ISLAND. 

SENATORS. 

Nehemiah  R.  Knight,  Providence.  Asher  Bobbins,  Newport. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

Tristam  Surges,  Providence.  Dutee  J.  Pearce,  Newport. 

SOUTH  CAROLINA. 

SENATORS. 

Robert  Y.  Hayne,  Charleston.  "William  Smith,  Charleston. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


Robert  W.  Barnwell,  Beaufort. 
James  Blair,  Camden. 
John  Campbell,  Brownsville. 
Warren  R.  Davis,  Pendleton. 
William  Drayton,  Charleston. 


John  H.  Eaton,1  Nashville. 
Felix  Grundy,2  Nashville. 


TENNESSEE. 


SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


John  Bell,  Nashville. 
John  Blair,  Jonesboro. 
David  Crockett,  Crocketts. 
Robert  Desha,  Gallatin. 
Jacob  C.  Isacks,  Winchester. 


Horatio  Seymour,  Middlebury. 


William  Cahoon,  Lyndon. 
Horace  Everett,  Windsor. 
Jonathan  Hunt,  Brattleboro. 


VERMONT. 

SENATORS. 
REPRESENTATIVES. 

VIRGINIA. 


SENATORS. 


Littleton  W.  Tazewell,  Norfolk. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


Mark  Alexander,  Lombardy  Grove. 
Robert  Allen,  Mount  Jackson. 
William  S.  Archer,  Elkhill. 
William  Armstrong,  Romney. 
John  S.  Barbour,  Culpeper. 
Philip  P.  Barbour,4  Gordonsville. 
JohnM.  Patton,5  Fredericksburg. 
Thomas  T.  Bouldin,  Charlotte. 
Nathaniel  H.  Claiborne,  Rocky  Mount. 
Richard  Coke,  jr.,  Williamsburg. 
Robert  Craig,  Montgomery. 
Thomas  Davenport,  Meads ville. 
Philip  Doddridge,  Wellsburg. 


William  D.  Martin,  Barnwell. 
George  McDuffie,  Edgefield. 
William  T.  Nuckolls,  Hancockville. 
Starling  Tucker,  Mountain  Shoals. 


Hugh  L.  White,  Knoxville. 


Cave  Johnson,  Clarksville. 
Pryor  Lea,8  Knoxville. 
James  K.  Polk,  Columbia. 
James  Standifer,  Mount  Airy. 


Dudley  Chase,  Randolph. 


Rollin  C.  Mallary,  Poultney. 
Benjamin  Swift,  St.  Albans. 


John  Tyler,  Charles  City. 


Alexander  Smyth,6  Wythe. 
Joseph  Draper,7  Wythe. 
Thomas  Newton,  jr.,8  Norfolk. 
George  Loyall,9  Norfolk. 
William  C.  Rives,10  Milton. 
William  F.  Gordon,11  Lindseys  Store. 
Lewis  Maxwell,  Weston. 
William  McCoy,  Franklin. 
Charles  F.  Mercer,  Leesburg. 
John  Roane,  Rumford  Academy. 
Andrew  Stevenson,  Richmond. 
John  Taliaferro,  Fredericksburg. 
James  Trezvant,  Jerusalem. 


1  Resigned  March  9, 1829. 

2  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  John  II. 
Eaton,  and  took  his  seat  December  7, 1829. 

3  Election  unsuccessfully  contested  by  Thomas  D.  Arnold. 
<  Resigned  May  31, 1830. 

6  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  Philip  P. 
Barbour,  and  took  his  seat  December  6, 1830. 

«  Died  April  17, 1830. 

7  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused   by  death  of   Alexander 
Smyth,  and  took  his  seat  December  6,  1830. 


8  Served  until  March  9, 1830;  succeeded  by  George  Loyall, 
who  contested  his  election. 

9  Successfully  contested  the  election  of  Thomas  Newton,  and 
took  his  seat  March  9, 1830. 

10  Resigned  in  1829. 

11  Elected   to  fill   vacancy  caused    by  the  resignation  of 
William  C.  Rives,  and  took  his  seat  January  25, 1830. 


TWENTY-FIRST  CONGRESS.  125 

ARKANSAW  TERRITORY. 

DELEGATE. 

Ambrose  H.  Sevier,  Little  Rock. 
TERRITORY  OF  FLORIDA. 

DELEGATE. 

Joseph  M.  White,  Monticello. 
MICHIGAN  TERRITORY. 

DELEGATE. 

John  Buddie,1  Detroit. 
1  Resigned  February  21, 1831. 


TWENTY-SECOND  CONGRESS. 


MARCH  4,  1831,  TO  MARCH  3,  1833. 


FIRST  SESSION— December  5,  1831,  to  July  16,  1832.     SECOND  SESSION— December  3, 

1832,  to  March  2,  1833. 


VICE  PRESIDENT— John  C.  Calhoun,1  of  South  Carolina.  PRESIDENTS  OF  THE  SENATE 
PRO  TEMPORE — Littleton  W.  Tazewell,2  of  Virginia;  Huge  L.  White,3  of  Tennessee.  SECRETARY 
OF  THE  SENATE— Walter  Lowrie,  of  Pennsylvania. 

SPEAKER  OF  THE  HOUSE— Andrew  Stevenson,  of  Virginia.  CLERK  OF  THE  HOUSE— 
Matthew  St.  Clair  Clarke,  of  Pennsylvania. 


ALABAMA. 

SENATORS. 

William  R.  King,  Selma.  Gabriel  Moore,  Huntsville. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

Clement  C.  Clay,  Huntsville.  Samuel  W.  Mardis,  Montevallo. 

Dixon  H.  Lewis,  Montgomery. 

CONNECTICUT. 

SENATORS. 

Samuel  A.  Foot,  Cheshire.  Gideon  Tomlinson,  Fairfield. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

Noyes  Barber,  Groton.  Ralph  I.  Ingersoll,  New  Haven. 

William  W.  Ellsworth,  Hartford.  William  L.  Storrs,  Middletown. 

Jabez  W.  Huntington,  Litchfield.  Ebenezer  Young,  Killingly  Center. 

DELAWARE. 

SENATORS. 

John  M.  Clayton,  Dover.  Arnold  Naudain,  Middletown. 

REPRESENTATIVE. 

John  J.  Milligan,  Wilmington. 
GEORGIA. 

SENATORS. 

George  M.  Troup,4  Dublin.  John  Forsyth,  Augusta. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

Augustin  Smith  Clayton,  Athens.  Wiley  Thompson,  Elberton. 

Thomas  F.  Foster,  Greensboro.  James  M.  Wayne,  Savannah. 

Henry  G.  Lamar,  Macon.  Richard  H.  Wilde,  Augusta. 
Daniel  Newnan,  McDonough. 


>  Resigned  December  28, 1832,  to  become  United  States  Senator.  «  Elected  December  3, 1832. 

»  Elected  July  9, 1832.  «  Resigned  March  2, 1833. 

126 


TWENTY-SECOND  CONGEESS. 


127 


ILLINOIS. 

SENATORS. 

Elias  K.  Kane,  Kaskaskia.  John  M.  Robinson,  Carmi. 

REPRESENTATIVE. 

Joseph  Duncan,  Jacksonville. 
INDIANA. 

SENATORS. 

William  Hendricks,  Madison.  Robert  Hanna,1  Brookville. 

John  Tipton,2  Logansport. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

Ratliff  Boon,  Booneville.  Jonathan  McCarty,  Connersville. 

John  Carr,  Charleston. 

KENTUCKY. 

SENATORS. 

George  M.  Bibb,  Yellow  Banks.  Henry  Clay,  Lexington. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


John  Adair,  Harrpdsburg. 
Chilton  Allan,  Winchester. 
Henry  Daniel,  Mount  Sterling. 
Nathan  Gaither,  Columbia. 
Albert  G.  Hawes,  Hawesville. 
Richard  M.  Johnson,  Great  Crossing. 


Joseph  Lecompte,  Newcastle. 
Robert  P.  Letcher,  Lancaster. 
Chittenden  Lyon,  Eddyyille. 
Thomas  A.  Marshall,  Paris. 
Christopher  Tompkins,  Glasgow. 
Charles  A.  Wickhffe,  Bardstown. 


LOUISIANA. 

SENATORS. 


Josiah  S.  Johnston,  Alexandria. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


Henry  A.  Bullard,  Alexandria. 
Philemon  Thomas,  Baton  Rouge. 


John  Holmes  Alfred. 


John  Anderson,  Portland. 
James  Bates,  Norridgewock. 
George  Evans,  Gardiner. 
Cornelius  Holland,  Canton. 


MAINE. 

SENATORS. 
REPRESENTATIVES. 


MARYLAND. 


Edward  Livingston,3  New  Orleans. 
George  A.  Waggaman,4  New  Orleans. 


Edward  D.  White,  Donaldson ville. 


Peleg  Sprague,  Hallowell. 


Leonard  Jarvis,  Ellsworth. 

Edward  Kavanagh,  Damariscotta  Mills. 

Rufus  Mclntire,  Parsonsfield. 


Samuel  Smith,  Baltimore. 


SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


Benjamin  C.  Howard,  Baltimore. 
Daniel  Jenifer,  Aliens  Fresh. 
John  L.  Kerr,  Eaton. 
George  E.  Mitchell,5  Elkton. 
Charles  S.  Sewall,6  Elkton. 


Ezekiel  F.  Chambers,  Chestertown. 


Benedict  I.  Semmes,   Piscataway. 
John  S.  Spence,  Berlin. 
Francis  Thomas^  Frederick. 
George  C.  Washington,  Rockville. 
John  T.  H.  Worthmgton,  Golden. 


1  Appointed  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  death  of  James  Noble, 
in  preceding  Congress,  and  took  his  seat  December  5,  1831. 

2  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  death  of  James  Noble,  in 
preceding  Congress,  and  took  his  seat  January  3,  1832. 

3  Resigned  May  24  1831,  having  been  appointed  Secretary  of     Mitchell,  and  took  his  seat  December  3,  1832. 
State. 


«  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  Edward 
Livingston,  and  took  his  seat  January  3,  1832. 
5  Died  June  28,  1832. 
«  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  death  of  George  E. 


128 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 


MASSACHUSETTS. 

SENATORS. 


Nathaniel  Silsbee,  Salem. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


John  Quincy  Adams,  Quincy. 

Nathan  Appleton,  Boston. 

Isaac  C.  Bates,  Northampton. 

George  N .  Briggs,  Lanesboro. 

Rufus  Choate ,  Salem. 

John  Davis,  Worcester. 

Henry  A.  S.  Dearborn,  Brookline. 


Daniel  Webster,  Boston. 

John  Reed,  Yarmouth. 
Jeremiah  Nelson,  Essex. 
Joseph  G.  Kendall,  Leominster. 
James  L.  Hodges,  Bristol. 
George  Grennell,  jr.,  Greenfield. 
Edward  Everett,  Charlestown. 


MISSISSIPPI. 


SENATORS. 


Powhatan  Ellis,1  Winchester. 
John  Black,2  Monroe. 


George  Poindexter,  Wilkinson. 


REPRESENTATIVE. 

Franklin  E.  Plummer,  Westville. 
MISSOURI. 

SENATORS. 

Thomas  H.  Benton,  St.  Louis.  Alexander  Buckner,  Jackson. 

REPRESENTATIVE. 

William  H.  Ashley,  St.  Louis. 
NEW  HAMPSHIRE. 


Samuel  Bell,  Chester. 


SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


John  Brodhead,  Newmarket. 
Thomas  Chandler,  Piscataquog. 
Joseph  Hammons,  Farmington. 


Isaac  Hill,  Concord. 


Joseph  M.  Harper,  Canterbury. 
Henry  Hubbard,  Charlestown. 
John  W.  Weeks,  Lancaster. 


NEW  JERSEY. 


SENATORS. 

Mahlon  Dickerson,  Suckasunny.  Theodore  Frelinghuysen,  Newark. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 


Lewis  Condit,  Morristown. 
Silas  Condit,  Newark. 
Richard  M.  Cooper,  Camden. 


Thomas  H.  Hughes,  Coldspring. 
James  F.  Randolph,  New  Brunswick. 
Isaac  Southard,  Somerville. 


NEW  YORK. 


Charles  E.  Dudley,  Albany. 


SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES . 


William  G.  Angel,  Burlington. 
William  Babcock,  Penn  Yan. 
Gamaliel  H.  Barstow,  Nichols. 
Samuel  Beardsley,  Utica. 
John  T.  Bergen,  Brooklyn. 
Joseph  Bouck,  Middleburg. 


William  L.  Marcy,3  Albany. 
Silas  Wright,  jr.,4  Canton. 


John  C.  Brodhead,  Modena. 
Churchill  C.  Cambreleng,  New  York. 
John  A.  Collier,  Binghamton. 
Bates  Cooke,  Lewiston. 
Charles  Dayan,  Lowville. 
John  Dickson,  West  Bloomfield. 


i  Resigned  July  16,  1832,  having  been  appointed  judge  of        »  Resigned  July  18, 1832. 
United  States  court.  *  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  William  L. 

1  Appointed  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  Pow-     Marcy,  and  took  his  seat  January  14, 1833. 
hatan  Ellis,  and  took  his  seat  December  12, 1832;  subsequently 
elected. 


TWENTY-SECOND   CONGRESS. 


129 


Ulysses  F.  Doubleday,  Auburn. 
Michael  Hoffman,  Herkimer. 
William  Hogan,  Hogansburg. 
Freeborn  G.  Jewett,  Skaneatelea. 
John  King,  North  Lebanon. 
Gerrit  Y.  Lansing,  Albany. 
James  Lent,1  Newtown. 
Edmund  H.  Pendleton,  Hyde  Park. 
Job  Pierson,  Schaghticoke. 
Nathaniel  Pitcher,  Sandyhill. 
Edward  C.  Reed,  Homer. 


Erastus  Root,  Delhi. 
Nathan  Soule,  Fort  Plain. 
John  W.  Taylor,  Ballston  Spa. 
Phineas  L.  Tracy,  Batavia. 
Gulian  C.  Verplanck,  New  York. 
Aaron  Ward,  Mount  Pleasant. 
Daniel  Ward  well,  Manns  ville. 
Grattan  H.  Wheeler,  Wheeler. 
Campbell  P.  White,  New  York. 
Frederick  Whittlesey,  Rochester, 
Samuel  J.  Wilkin,  Goshen. 


NORTH   CAROLINA. 


SENATORS. 


Bedford  Brown.  Browns  Store. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


Daniel  L.  Barringer,  Raleigh. 
Laughlin  Bethune,  Fayetteville. 
John  Branch,  Enfield. 
Samuel  P.  Carson,  Pleasant  Garden. 
Henry  W.  Conner,  Sherilla  Ford. 
Thomas  H.  Hall,  Tarboro. 
Micajah  T.  Hawkins,  Gran  ville. 


OHIO. 


SENATORS. 


Benjamin  Ruggles.  St.  Clairsville. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


Eleutheros  Cooke,  Sandusky. 
Thomas  Corwin,  Lebanon. 
Joseph  H.  Crane,  Dayton. 
William  Creighton,  jr.,  Chillicothe. 
James  Findlay,  Cincinnati. 
William  W.  Irvin,  Lancaster. 
William  Kennon,  St.  Clairsville. 


Willie  P.  Mangum,  Red  Mountain. 


James  J.  McKay,  Elizabeth. 
Abraham  Rencher,  Pittsboro. 
William  B.  Shepard,  Elizabeth  City. 
Augustine  H.  Shepperd,  Germantown. 
Jesse  Speight,  Stantonsburg. 
Lewis  Williams,  Panther  Creek. 


Thomas  Ewing,  Lancaster. 


Humphrey  H.  Leavitt,  Steubenville. 
William  Russel,  West  Union. 
William  Stanberry,  Newark. 
John  Thomson,  New  Lisbon. 
Joseph  Vance,  Urbana. 
Samuel  F.  Vinton,  Gallipolis. 
Elisha  Whittlesey,  Garfield. 


PENNSYLVANIA. 


SENATORS. 


Isaac  D.  Barnard,2  West  Chester. 
George  M.  Dallas,3  Philadelphia. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


Robert  Allison,  Huntingdon  Center. 

John  Banks,  Mercer. 

John  C.  Bucher,  Harrisburg. 

George  Burd,  Bedford. 

Richard  Coulter,  Greensburg. 

Thomas  H.  Crawford,  Chambersburg. 

Harmar  Denny,  Pittsburgh. 

Lewis  Dewart,  Sunbury. 

Joshua  Evans,  Paoli. 

James  Ford,  Lawrence  ville. 

John  Gilmore,  Butler. 

William  Heister,  New  Holland. 

Henry  Horn,  Philadelphia. 


William  Wilkins,  Pitteburg. 


Peter  Ihrie,  jr.,  Easton. 
Adam  King,  York. 
Henry  King,  Allentown. 
Joel  K.  Mann,  Jenkentown. 
Henry  A.  Muhlenberg,  Reading. 
Thomas  M.  T.  McKennan,  Washington. 
Robert  McCoy,  Carlisle. 
David  Potts,  jr.,  Pottstown. 
Samuel  A.  Smith,  Rock  Hill. 
Philander  Stephens,  Montrose. 
Andrew  Stewart,  Uniontown. 
Joel  B.  Sutherland,  Philadelphia. 
John  G.  Watmough,  Philadelphia. 


RHODE   ISLAND. 

SENATORS. 

Nehemiah  R.  Knight,  Providence.  Asher  Robbins,  Newport. 


Tristam  Burges,  Providence. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


Dutee  J.  Pearce,  Newport. 


»  Died  February  22,  1833. 
2  Resigned  December  6, 1831. 

50346°— S.  Doc.  6?4,  61-2 9 


3  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  Isaac  D. 
Barnard,  and  took  his  seat  December  21, 1831. 


130 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 
SOUTH   CAROLINA. 


SENATORS. 


Robert  Y.  Hayne,1 
John  C.  Calhoun,2 '. 


Charleston. 
Fort  Hill. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


Robert  W.  Barn  well,  Beaufort. 
James  Blair,  Lynch  wood. 
Warren  R.  Davis,  Pendleton. 
William  Drayton,  Charleston. 
John  M.  Felder,  Orangeburg. 


TENNESSEE. 


Stephen  D.  Miller,3  Camden. 


John  K.  Griffin,  Milton. 
Thomas  R.  Mitchell,  Georgetown. 
George  McDuffie,  Edge  field. 
William  T.  Nuckolls,  Hancockville. 


Hugh  L.  White,  Knoxville. 


SENATORS. 


Felix  Grundy,  Nashville. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


Thomas  D.  Arnold,  Campbell  Station. 
John  Bell,  Nashville. 
John  Blair,  Jonesboro. 
William  Fitzgerald,4  Dresden. 
William  Hall,  Green  Garden. 


Jacob  C.  Isacks,  Winchester. 
Cave  Johnson,  Clarksville. 
James  K.  Polk,  Columbia. 
James  Standifer,  Mount  Airy. 


VERMONT. 

SENATORS. 


Horatio  Seymour,  Middlebury. 


Samuel  Prentiss,  Montpelier. 


Heman  Allen,  Franklin. 
William  Gaboon,  Lyndon. 
Horace  Everett,  Windsor. 


REPRESENTATIVES, 


Hiland  Hall,  Bennington. 
Jonathan  Hunt,6  Brattleboro. 
William  Slade,  Middlebury. 


VIRGINIA. 


SENATORS. 


Littleton  W.  Tazewell,6  Norfolk. 
William  C.  Rives,  Milton.7 


John  Tyler,  Gloucester. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


Mark  Alexander,  Lombardy  Grove. 
Robert  Allen,  Mount  Jackson. 
William  S.  Archer,  Elkhill. 
William  Armstrong,  Romney. 
John  S.  Barbour,  Culpeper. 
Thomas  T.  Bouldin,  Charlotte. 
Joseph  W.  Chinn,  Nuttsville. 
Nathaniel  H.  Claiborne,  Rockymount. 
Richard  Coke,  jr.,  Williamsburg. 
Robert  Craig,  Montgomery. 
Thomas  Davenport,  Meadsville. 
Philip  Doddridge,8  Wellsburg. 


Joseph  Johnson,9  Bridgeport. 
William  F.  Gordon,  Lindseys  Store. 
Charles  C.  Johnston,10  Abingdon. 
John  Y.  Mason,  Hicksford. 
Lewis  Maxwell,  Weston. 
Charles  Fenton  Mercer,  Leesburg. 
William  McCoy,  Fraijklin. 
Thomas  Newton,  jr., Norfolk. 
John  M.  Patton,  Fredericksburg. 
John  J.  Roane,  Rumford  Academy. 
Andrew  Stevenson,  Richmond. 


'  Resigned  in  December,  1832,  having  been  elected  governor. 

2  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  Robert  Y. 
Hayne,  and  took  his  seat  January  4, 1833. 

3  Resigned  March  2, 1833. 

4  Election  unsuccessfully  contested  by  David  Crockett. 
» Died  May  14, 1832. 

«  Resigned  July  16, 1832. 


7  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  Littleton  W. 
Tazewell,  and  took  his  seat  January  4, 1833. 

8  Died  November  19, 1832. 

9  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  death  of  Philip  Dod- 
dridge, and  took  his  seat  January  21,  1833. 

10  Election  unsuccessfully  contested  by  Joseph  Draper;  died 
June  17, 1832. 


TWENTY-SECOND   CONGRESS.  131 

ABKANSAW  TERRITORY. 

DELEGATE. 

Ambrose  H.  Sevier,  Little  Rock. 
TERRITORY  OF  FLORIDA. 

DELEGATE. 

Joseph  M.  White,  Monticello. 
MICHIGAN  TERRITORY. 

DELEGATE. 

Austin  E.  Wing,  Monroe. 


TWENTY-THIRD  CONGRESS. 


MARCH  4,  1833,  TO  MARCH  3,  1835. 


FIRST    SESSION— December   2,    1833,    to    June    30,    1834.      SECOND    SESSION- 

December  1,  1834,  to  March  3,  1835. 


VICE  PRESIDENT— Martin  Van  Buren,  of  New  York.  PRESIDENTS  OF  THE  SENATE 
PRO  TEMPORE — Hugh  L.  White,  of  Tennessee;  George  Poindexter,1  of  Mississippi;  John  Tyler,2 
of  Virginia.  SECRETARY  OF  THE  SENATE— Walter  Lowrie,  of  Pennsylvania. 

SPEAKERS  OF  THE  HOUSE— Andrew  Stevenson,3  of  Virginia;  John  Bell,4  of  Tennessee. 
SPEAKER  OF  THE  HOUSE  PRO  TEMPORE— Henry  Hubbard,  of  New  Hampshire.  CLERK 
OF  THE  HOUSE — Walter  S.  Franklin,  of  Pennsylvania. 


ALABAMA. 


William  R.  King,  Selma. 


SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


Clement  C.  Clay,  Hunteville. 
Dixbn  H.  Lewis,  Lowndesboro. 
John  McKinley,  Florence. 


Gabriel  Moore,  Huntsville. 


Samuel  W.  Mardis,  Montevallo. 
John  Murphy,  Claiborne. 


Gideon  Tomlinson,  Fairfield. 


CONNECTICUT. 

SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


Noyes  Barber,  Groton. 
William  W.  Ellsworth,5  Hartford. 
Joseph  Trumbull,6  Hartford. 
Samuel  A.  Foot,7  Cheshire. 
Ebenezer  Jackson,8  Middletown. 


Nathan  Smith,  New  Haven. 


Jabez  W.  Huntingdon,9  Litchfield. 
Phineas  Miner,10  Litchfield. 
Samuel  Tweedy,  Danbury. 
Ebenezer  Young,  Killingly  Center. 


DELAWARE. 


John  M.  Clayton,  Dover. 


SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVE. 


Arnold  Naudain,  Wilmington. 


John  J.  Milligan,  Wilmington. 


»  Elected  June  28,  1834. 

2  Elected  March  3,  1835. 

3  Resigned  from  the  House  June  2,  1834. 
«  Elected  June  2,  1834. 

*  Resigned  July  8,  1834. 

6  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  William  W. 
Ellsworth,  and  took  his  seat  December  1,  1834. 

132 


7  Resigned  May  9,  1834,  having  been  elected  governor. 

8  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  Samuel  A. 
Foot,  and  took  his  seat  December  1  1834. 

9  Resigned  August  16,  1834,  having  been  appointed  judge  of 
the  supreme  court  of  errors. 

10  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  Jabez  W. 
Huntington,  and  took  his  seat  December  1, 1834. 


TWENTY-THIRD   CONGRESS. 


133 


John  P.  King,1  Augusta. 


GEORGIA. 

SENATORS. 
REPRESENTATIVES . 


Auguetin  S.  Clayton,  Athens. 
John  Coffee,  Jacksonville. 
Thomas  F.  Foster,  Greensboro. 
Roger  L.  Gamble,  Louisville. 
George  R.  Gilmer,  Lexington. 


John  Forsyth,2  Columbus. 
Alfred  Cuthbert.3  Monticello. 


Seaborn  Jones,  Columbus. 
William  Schley,  Augusta. 
James  M.  Wayne,4  Savannah. 
Richard  H.  Wilde,  Augusta. 


Elias  K.  Kane,  Kaskaskia. 


ILLINOIS. 

SENATORS. 
REPRESENTATIVES. 


Zadoc  Casey,  Mount  Vernon. 
Joseph  Duncan,5  Jackson ville. 
William  L.  May,6  Springfield. 


William  Hendricks,' Madison. 


INDIANA. 

SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


Ratliff  Boon,  Booneville. 
John  Carr,  Charleston. 
John  Ewing,  Vincennes. 
Edward  A.  Hannegan,  Covington. 


John  M.  Robinson,  Carmi. 


Charles  Slade,7  Carlyle. 
John  Reynolds,8  Belleville. 


John  Tip  ton,  Logansport. 


George  L.  Kinnard,  Indianapolis. 
Amos  Lane,  Lawrenceburg. 
Jonathan  McCarty,  Fort  Wayne. 


KENTUCKY. 


SENATORS. 


George  M.  Bibb,  Yellow  Banks. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


Chilton  Allan,  Winchester. 
Martin  Beaty,  South  Fork. 
Thomas  Chilton,  Elizabeth  town. 
Amos  Davis,  Mount  Sterling. 
Benjamin  Hardin,  Bardstown. 
Albert  G.  Hawes,  Hawesville. 
Richard  M.  Johnson,  Great  Crossings. 


Henry  Clay,  Lexington. 


Robert  P.  Letcher,9  Lancaster. 
James  Love,  Barbourville. 
Chittenden  Lyon,  Eddyville. 
Thomas  A.  Marshall,  Paris. 
Patrick  H.  Pope,  Louisville. 
Christopher  Tompkins,  Glasgow. 


LOUISIANA. 


SENATORS. 


Josiah  S.  Johnston,10  Alexandria. 
Alexander  Porter,11  New  Orleans. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


Henry  A.  Bullard,12  Alexandria. 
Rice  Garland,13  Opelousas. 


George  A.  Waggaman,  New  Orleans. 


Philemon  Thomas,  Baton  Rouge. 
Edward  D.  White,14  Donaldson  ville. 
Henry  Johnson,15  Donaldsonville. 


1  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  George  M. 
Troup  in  preceding  Congress,  and  took  his  seat  December  31, 
1833. 

2  Resigned  June  27, 1834,  having  been  appointed  secretar 
state. 

J  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  John  For- 
syth, and  took  his  seat  January  12,  1835. 

<  Resigned  January  13,  1835. 

5Resigned  September  21, 1834,  having  been  elected  governor. 

•Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  Joseph 
Duncan,  and  took  his  seat  December  1 ,  1834. 

i  Died  July  26,  1834. 

8  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  death  of  Charles  Slade,  and 
took  his  seat  December  1, 1834. 


'  Election  contested  by  Thomas  P.  Moore;  House  did  not 
seat  either  party,  but  declared  a  new  election  necessary;  sub- 
sequently elected  and  took  his  seat  December  1,  1834. 

10  Died  May  19,  1833. 

11  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  death  of  Josiah  S.  John- 
ston, and  took  his  seat  January  6,  1834. 

12  Resigned  November  15, 1834,  having  been  appointed  judge 
of  the  supreme  court  of  Louisiana. 

"Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  Henry  A. 
Bullard,  and  took  his  seat  April  28,  1834. 

14  Resigned  November  15, 1834,  having  been  elected  governor. 

16  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  Edward  D. 
White,  and  took  his  seat  December  1,  1834. 


134 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 


Pel  eg  Sprague,1  Hallowell. 
John  Ruggles,2  Thomaston. 


MAINE. 


SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


George  Evans,  Gardiner. 
Joseph  Hall,  Camden. 
Leonard  Jarvis,  Ellsworth. 
Edward  Kavanagh,  Damariscotta. 


MARYLAND. 


SENATORS. 


Ezekiel  F.  Chambers, 3Chestertown. 
Robert  H.  Goldsborough,4  Easton. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


Richard  B.  Carmichael,  Centerville. 
Littleton  P.  Dennis,5  Princess  Anne. 
John  N.  Steele,6  Vienna. 
James  P.  Heath,  Baltimore. 
William  Cost  Johnson,  Jefferson. 


Ether  Shepley,  Saco. 


Moses  Mason,  jr.,  Bethel. 
Rufus  Mclntire,  Parsonsfield. 
Gorham  Parks,  Bangor. 
Francis  O.  J.  Smith,  Portland. 


Joseph  Kent,  Bladensburg. 


Isaac  McKim,  Baltimore. 
John  T.  Stoddart,  Harris  Lot. 
Francis  Thomas,  Frederick. 
James  Turner,  Wiseburg. 


MASSACHUSETTS. 


Nathaniel  Silsbee,  Salem. 


SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


John  Quincy  Adams,  Quincy. 
Isaac  C.  Bates,  Northampton. 
William  Baylies,  West  Bridgewater. 
George  N.  Briggs,  Lanesboro. 
John  Davis,7  Worcester. 
Levi  Lincoln,8  Worcester. 
Edward  Everett,  Charlestown. 


John  Black,  Monroe. 
Harry  Cage,  Woodville. 

Thomas  H.  Benton,  St.  Louis. 


MISSISSIPPI. 


SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


MISSOURI. 


SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


Daniel  Webster,  Boston. 

Benjamin  Gorham,  Boston. 
George  Grennell,  jr.,  Greenfield 
William  Jackson,  Newton. 
Gayton  P.  Osgood,  North  Andover. 
Rufus  Choate,9  Salem. 
Stephen  C.  Phillips,10  Salem. 
John  Reed,  Yarmouth. 


George  Poindexter,  Wilkinson. 


Franklin  E.  Plummer,  Westville. 


Alexander  Buckner,11  Jackson. 
Lewis  F.  Linn,12  St.  Louis. 


William  H.  Ashley,  St.  Louis.  John  Bull,  Chariton. 

NEW  HAMPSHIRE. 


Samuel  Bell,  Chester. 


SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


Benning  M.  Bean,  Moultenboro. 
Robert  Burns,  Hebron. 
Joseph  M.  Harper,  Canterbury. 


Isaac  Hill,  Concord. 


Henry  Hubbard,  Charlestown. 
Franklin  Pierce,  Hillsboro. 


1  Resigned  January  1,  1835. 

2  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused    by  resignation  of   Pele^ 
Sprague,  and  took  his  seat  February  6/1835. 

3  Resigned  in  1834. 

4  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  Ezekiel  F. 
Chambers,  and  took  his  seat  January  23,  1835. 

*  Died  April  14,  1834. 

6  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  death  of  Littleton  P. 
Dennis,  and  took  his  seat  June  9, 1834. 
i  Resigned  January  14, 1834,  having  been  elected  governor. 


s  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  John  Davis, 
and  took  his  seat  March  5,  1834. 
9  Resigned  June  30,  1834. 

N>  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  Rufus 
Choate,  and  took  his  seat  December  1,  1834. 
»  Died  June  15,  1833. 

12  Appointed  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  death  of  Alexander 
Buckner,  and  took  bis  seat  December  16, 1833;  subsequently 
elected. 


TWENTY-THIRD  CONGRESS. 


135 


NEW  JERSEY. 


SENATORS. 


Theodore  Frelinghuysen,  Newark. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


Philemon  Dickerson,  Paterson. 
Samuel  Flower,  Hamburg. 
Thomas  Lee,  Port  Elizabeth. 


Samuel  L.  Southard,  Trenton. 


James  Parker,  Perth  Amboy. 
Ferdinand  S.  Schenck,  Six  Mile  Run. 
William  N.  Shinn,  Mount  Holly. 


NEW  YORK. 


Silas  Wright,  jr.,  Canton. 


SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


John  Adams,  Catskill. 
Samuel  Beardsley,  Utica. 
Abraham  Bockee,  Federal  Store. 
Charles  Bodle,  Bloomingburg. 
John  W.  Brown,  Newburgh. 
Churchill  C.  Cambreleng,  New  York. 
Samuel  Clark,  Waterloo. 
John  Cramer,  Waterford. 
Rowland  Day,  Sempronius. 
John  Dickson,  West  Bloomfield. 
Dudley  Selden,1  New  York. 
Charles  G.  Ferris,2  New  York. 
Millard  Fillmore,  Buffalo. 
Philp  C.  Fuller,  Geneseo. 
William  K.  Fuller,  Chittenango. 
Ransom  H.  Gillet,  Ogdensburg. 
Nicoll  Halsey,  Trumansburg. 
Gideon  Hard,  Albion. 
Samuel  G.  Hathaway,  Solon. 
Abner  Hazeltine,  Jamestown. 
Edward  Howell,  Bath. 


Nathaniel  P.  Tallmadge,  Poughkeepsie 


Abel  Huntington,  East  Hampton. 
Noadiah  Johnson,  Delhi. 
Gerrit  Y.  Lansing,  Albany. 
Cornelius  W.  Lawrence,3  New  York. 
John  J.  Morgan,4  New  York. 
George  W.  Lay,  Batavia. 
Abijah  Mann,  jr.,  Fairfield. 
Henry  C.  Martindale,  Sandy  Hill. 
Henry  Mitchell,  Norwich. 
Charles  Me Vean ,  Canajoharie. 
Sherman  Page,  Unadilla. 
Job  Pierson,  Schaghticoke. 
William  Taylor,  Manlius. 
Joel  Turrell,  Oswego. 
Aaron  Vanderpoel,  Kinderhook. 
Isaac  B.  Van  Houten,  Clarkstown. 
Aaron  Ward,  Mount  Pleasant. 
Daniel  Wardwell,  Mannsville. 
Reuben  Whallon,  Split  Rock. 
Campbell  P.  White,  New  York. 
Frederick  Whittlesey,  Rochester. 


NORTH  CAROLINA. 


SENATORS. 


Bedford  Brown,  Browns  Store. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


Daniel  L.  Barringer,  Raleigh. 
Jesse  A.  Bynum,  Halifax. 
Henry  W.  Conner,  Sherrills  Ford. 
Edmund  Deberry,  Lawrenceville. 
James  Graham,  Rutherford. 
Thomas  H.  Hall,  Tarboro. 
Micajah  T.  Hawkins,  Warrenton. 


OHIO. 


Willie  P.  Mangum,  Red  Mountain. 


James  J.  McKay,  Elizabethtown. 
Abraham  Rencher,  Pittsboro. 
William  B.  Shepard,  Elizabeth  City. 
Augustine  H.  Shepperd,  German  town. 
Jesse  Speight,  Stantonsburg. 
Lewis  Williams,  Panther  Creek. 


Thomas  Ewing,  Lancaster. 


William  Allen,6  Chillicothe. 
James  M.  Bell,  Cambridge. 
John  Chaney,  Courtwright. 
Thomas  Corwin,  Lebanon. 
Joseph  H.  Crane,  Dayton. 


SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


Thomas  Morris,  Bethel. 


Thomas  L.  Hamer,  Georgetown. 
Benjamin  Jones,  Worcester. 
Humphrey  H.  Leavitt,6  Steubenville. 
Daniel  Kilgore,7  Cadiz. 
Robert  T.  Lytle,8  Cincinnati. 


1  Resigned  July  1, 1834. 

2  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  Dudley  Sel- 
den, and  took  his  seat  December  1, 1834. 

s  Resigned  May  14, 1834,  having  been  elected  mayor  of  New 
York  City. 

«  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  Cornelius  W. 
Lawrence,  and  took  his  seat  December  1, 1834. 


*  Election  unsuccessfully  contested  by  Duncan  McArrhut. 

6  Resigned  July  10, 1834,  having  been  appointed  judge  of  the 
United  States  district  court. 

7  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  Hum- 
phrey H.  Leavitt,  and  took  his  seat  December  1,  1834. 

s  Resigned  March  10, 1834;  elected  to  fill  the  vacancy  caused 
by  his  own  resignation,  and  took  his  seat  December  27, 1834. 


136 


CONGRESSIONAL,  DIRECTORY. 


Jeremiah  McLene,  Columbus. 
Robert  Mitchell,  Zanesville. 
William  Patterson,  Mansfield. 
Jonathan  Sloane,  Ravenna. 
David  Spangler,  Coshocton. 


John  Thomson,  New  Lisbon. 
Joseph  Vance,  Urbana. 
Samuel  F.  Vinton,  Gallipolis. 
Taylor  Webster,  Hamilton. 
Elisha  Whittlesey,  Canfield. 


PENNSYLVANIA. 


William  Wilkins,1  Pittsburg. 
James  Buchanan,2  Lancaster. 


SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


Joseph  B.  Anthony,  Williamsport. 
John  Banks,  Mercer. 
Charles  A.  Barnitz,  York. 
Andrew  Beaumont,  Wilkes-Barre. 
Horace  Binney,  Philadelphia. 
George  Burd,  Bedford. 
George  Chambers,  Chambersburg. 
William  Clark,  Dauphin. 
Richard  Coulter,  Greensburg. 
Edward  Darlington,  Chester. 
Harmar  Denny,  Pittsburgh. 
John  Galbraith,  Franklin. 
James  Harper,  Philadelphia. 
Samuel  S.  Harrison,  Ki tanning. 


Samuel  McKean,  Burlington. 


Joseph  Henderson,  Browns  Mills. 

William  Hiester,  New  Holland. 

Henry  King,  Allentown. 

John  Laporte,  Asylum. 

Thomas  M.  T.  McKennan,  Washington. 

Joel  K.  Mann,  Jenkintown. 

Jesse  Miller,  Landisburg. 

Henry  A.  Muhlenberg,  Reading. 

David  Potts,  jr.,  Pottetown. 

Robert  Ramsey,  Harts ville. 

Andrew  Stewart,  Union  town. 

Joel  B.  Sutherland,  Philadelphia. 

David  D.  Wagener,  Easton. 

John  G.  Watmough,  Philadelphia. 


RHODE   ISLAND. 


SENATORS. 

Nehemiah  R.  Knight,  Providence.  Asher  Robbins,3  Newport. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

Tristam  Burges,  Providence.  Dutee  J.  Pearce,  Newport. 

SOUTH  CAROLINA. 


John  C.  Calhoun,  Fort  Hill. 

James  Blair,5  Lynch  wood. 
Richard  I.  Manning,6  Fulton. 
William  K.  Clowney,  Union. 
Warren  R.  Davis,7  Pendleton. 
John  M.  Felder,  Orangeburg. 
William  J.  Grayson,  Beaufort. 


SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


William  C.  Preston,4  Columbia. 

John  K.  Griffin,  Milton. 

George  McDufne,8  Willington. 

Francis  W.  Pickens,9  Edgefield. 

Henry  L.  Pinckney,  Charleston. 

Thomas  D.  Singleton.10 

Robert  B.  Campbell,11  Brownsville. 


TENNESSEE. 


Felix  Grundy,  Nashville. 


SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


John  Bell,  Nashville. 

John  Blair,  Jonesboro. 

Samuel  Bunch,  Rutledge. 

David  Crockett,  Crockett. 

David  W.  Dickinson,  Murfreesboro. 

William  C.  Dunlap,  Bolivar. 

John  B.  Forester,  McMinn ville. 


Hugh  L.  White,  Knoxville. 

William  M.  Inge,  Fayetteville. 
Cave  Johnson,  Clarks ville. 
Luke  Lea,  Campbells  Station. 
Balie  Peyton,  Gallatin. 
James  K.  Polk,  Columbia. 
James  Standifer,  Mountairy. 


» Resigned  June  30, 1834,  having  been  appointed  minister  to 
Russia. 

1  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  William 
Wilkins,  and  took  his  seat  December  15,  1834. 

'Election  unsuccessfully  contested  by  Elisha  R.  Potter. 

*  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  "caused  by  resignation  of  Stephen  D. 
Miller  in  preceding  Congress  and  took  his  seat  December  9, 
1833. 

s  Died  March  27, 1834. 


6  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  death  of  James  Blair,  and 
took  his  seat  December  8,  1S34. 
'  Died  January29, 1835. 

8  Resigned  in  1834. 

9  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  George  Mc- 
Duffie,  and  took  his  seat  December  8,  1834. 

10  Died  November  25,  1833,  before  the  convening  of  the  Con- 
gress. 

11  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  death  of  Thomas  D.  Sin- 
gleton, and  took  his  seat  February  27, 1834. 


TWENTY-THIRD    CONGRESS. 


137 


VERMONT. 


SENATORS. 


Samuel  Prentiss,  Montpelier. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


Heman  Allen,  Burlington. 
Benjamin  F.  Deming,1  Danville. 
Henry  F.  Janes,2  Waterbury. 


VIRGINIA. 


SENATORS. 


William  C.  Rives,3  Lindseys  Store. 
Benjamin  W.  Leigh,4  Richmond. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


John  J.  Allen,  Clarksburg. 
William  S.  Archer,  Elk  Hill. 
James  M.  H.  Beale,  New  Market. 
Nathaniel  H.  Claiborne,  Rockymount. 
Thomas  Davenport,  Meadville. 
John  H.  Fulton,  Abingdon. 
James  H.  Gholson,  Percivals. 
William  F.  Gordon,  Lindseys  Store. 
George  Loyall,  Norfolk. 
Edward  Lucas,  Charlestown. 
John  Y.  Mason,  Hicksford. 
William  McComas,  Greenbrier. 


Benjamin  Swift,  St.  Albans. 


Horace  Everett,  Windsor. 
Hiland  Hall,  Bennington. 
William  Slade,  Middlebury. 


John  Tyler,  Gloucester. 


Thomas  T.  Bouldin,5  Charlotte. 
James  W.  Bouldin,8  Charlotte. 
Joseph  W.  Chinn,  Nuttsville. 
Samuel  McDowell  Moore,  Lexington. 
Charles  F.  Mercer,  Aldie. 
John  M.  Patton,  Fredericksburg. 
Andrew  Stevenson,7  Richmond. 
John  Robertson,8  Richmond. 
William  P.  Taylor,  Fredericksburg. 
Edgar  C.  Wilson,  Morgan  town. 
Henry  A.  Wise,  Onancock. 


ARKANSAW  TERRITORY. 

DELEGATE. 

Ambrose  H.  Sevier,  Little  Rock. 
TERRITORY  OF  FLORIDA. 

DELEGATE. 

Joseph  M.  White,  Monticello. 
MICHIGAN  TERRITORY. 

DELEGATE. 

Lucius  Lyon,  Bronson. 


1  Died  July  11, 1834. 

2  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  death  of  Benjamin  F. 
Deming,  and  took  his  seat  December  2, 1834. 

"  Resigned  February  22,  1834. 

4  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  William 
C.  Rives,  and  took  his  seat  March  5, 1834. 


5  Died  February  11, 1834,  while  addressing  the  House. 
« Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  death  of  Thomas  -T. 
Bouldin,  and  took  his  seat  March  28, 1834. 

7  Resigned  June  2,  1834. 

8  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  Andrew 
Stevenson,  and  took  his  seat  December  8, 1834. 


TWENTY-FOURTH  CONGRESS. 


MARCH  4,  1835,  TO  MARCH  3,  1837. 


FIRST  SESSION— December  7,  1835,  to  July  4,  1836.     SECOND  SESSION— December  5, 

1836,  to  March  3,  1837. 


VICE  PRESIDENT— Martin  Van  Buren,  of  New  York.  PEESIDENT  OF  THE  SENATE  PRO 
TEMPOBE— William  B.  King,1  of  Alabama.  SECBETABIES  OF  THE  SENATE— Walter  Lowrie, 
of  Pennsylvania;  Asbury  Dickens,2  of  North  Carolina. 

SPEAKER  OF  THE  HOUSE— James  K.  Polk,  of  Tennessee.  CLERK  OF  THE  HOUSE— 
Walter  S.  Franklin,  of  Pennsylvania. 

ALABAMA. 


William  R.  King,  Selma. 

Reuben  Chapman,  Somerville. 
Joshua  L.  Martin,  Athens. 
Joab  Lawler,  Mardisville. 


SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


ARKANSAS.3 


Gabriel  Moore,  Huntsville. 

Dixon  H.  Lewis,  Lowndesboro. 
Francis  S.  Lyon,  Demopolis. 


SENATORS. 

William  S.  Fulton,4  Little  Rock.  Ambrose  H.  Sevier,5  Lake  Port. 

REPRESENTATIVE. 

Archibald  Yell,6  Fayetteville. 
CONNECTICUT. 


Gideon  Tomlinson,  Fairfield. 


SENATORS. 


Nathan  Smith,7  New  Haven. 
John  M.  Niles,8  Hartford. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 

Elisha  Haley,  Mystic.  Lancelot  Phelps,  Hitchcockville. 

Andrew  T.  Judson.9  Canterbury.  Isaac  Toucey,  Hartford. 

Orrin  Holt,10  Willington.  Zalmon  Wildrnan,11  Danbury. 

Samuel  Ingham,  Saybrook. 

DELAWARE. 


Thomas  T.  Whittlesey , 12  Danbury. 


SENATORS. 


John  M.  Clayton,13  Dover. 
Thomas  Clayton,14  New  Castle. 


REPRESENTATIVE. 


Arnold  Naudain,15  Wilmington. 
Richard  H.  Bayard,16  Wilmington. 


John  J.  Milligan,  Wilmington. 


1  Elected  July  1,  1836;  January  28,  1837. 

2  Elected  December  12,  1836. 

3  Admitted  as  a  State  into  the  Union  June  15, 1836. 

4  Took  his  seat  December  5,  1836;  term  to  expire,  as  deter- 
mined by  lot,  March  3,  1841. 

5  Took  his  seat  December  5, 1836;  term  to  expire,  as  deter- 
mined by  lot,  March  3,  1837. 

e  Took  his  seat  December  5,  1836. 
i  Died  December  6,  1835. 

8  Appointed  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  death  of  Nathan  Smith, 
and  took  his  seat  December  21,  1835;  subsequently  elected. 
"Resigned  July  4, 1836. 

138 


1°  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  Andrew 
T.  Judson,  and  took  his  seat  December  5,  1836. 

11  Died  December  10,  1835. 

12  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  death  of  Zalmon  Wild- 
man, and  took  his  seat  April  29,  1836. 

is  Resigned  December  29,  1836. 

14  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  John  M. 
Clayton,  and  took  his  seat  January  19,  1837. 

«5  Resigned  June  16,  1836. 

is  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  Arnold 
Naudain,  and  tcok  his  seat  June  20,  1836. 


TWENTY-FOURTH   CONGRESS. 


139 


John  P.  King,  Augusta. 


GEORGIA. 

SENATORS. 
REPRESENTATIVES. 


George  W.  B.  Towns,1  Talbotton. 
Julius  C.  Alford,2  La  Grange. 
Jesse  F.  Cleveland,  Decatur. 
John  Coffee,3  Jacksonville. 
William  C.  Dawson,4  Greensboro. 
Thomas  Glascock,  Augusta. 


Alfred  Cuthbert,  Monticello. 


Sea  ton  Grantland,  Milledgeville. 
Charles  E.  Haynes,  Sparta. 
Hopkins  Holsey,  Hamilton. 
Jabez  Jackson,  Clarkesville. 
George  W.  Owens,  Savannah. 


ILLINOIS. 

SENATORS. 


Elias  K.  Kane,5  Kaskaskia. 
William  L.  D.  Ewing,6  Vandalia. 


John  Reynolds.  Belleville. 
Zadoc  Casey,  Mount  Vernon. 


William  Hendricks,  Madison. 


Ratliff  Boon,  Boonville. 
John  W.  Davis,  Carlisle. 
John  Carr,  Charleston. 
Amos  Lane,  Lawrenceburg. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 

INDIANA. 

SENATORS. 
REPRESENTATIVES. 


John  M.  Robinson,  Carmi. 


William  L.  May,  Springfield. 


John  Tipton,  Logansport. 


Jonathan  McCarty,  Fort  Wayne. 
George  L.  Kinnard,7  Indianapolis. 
William  Herod,8  Columbus. 
Edward  A.  Hannegan,  Covington. 


KENTUCKY. 


Henry  Clay,  Lexington. 


SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES 


Linn  Boyd,  New  Design. 
Albert  G.  Hawes,  Hawesville. 
Joseph  R.  Underwood,  Bowling  Green. 
Sherrod  Williams,  Monticello. 
James  Harlan,  Harrodsburg. 
John  Calhoun,  Hardinsburg. 
Benjamin  Hardin,  Bardstown. 


John  J.  Crittenden,  Frankfort. 


William  J.  Graves,  Newcastle. 
John  White,  Richmond. 
Chilton  Allan,  Winchester. 
Richard  French,  Mount  Sterling. 
John  Chambers,  Washington. 
Richard  M.  Johnson,  Great  Crossing. 


LOUISIANA. 


SENATORS. 


Alexander  Porter,9  Attakapas. 
Alexander  Mouton,10  Vermilionville. 


Robert  C.  Nicholas,11  Donaldsonville. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


Henry  Johnson,  Donaldsonville. 
Eleazer  W.  Ripley,  Jackson. 


Rice  Garland,  Opelousas. 


1  Resigned  September  1,  1836. 

2  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  George  W. 
Towns,  and  took  his  seat  January  31,  1837. 

3  Died  in  1836. 

4  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  death  of  John  Coffee,  and 
took  his  seat  December  26,  1836. 

s  Died  December  11.  1835. 

6  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  death  of  Elias  K.  Kane, 
and  took  his  seat  January  25,  1836. 
i  Died  November  25,  1836. 


8  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  death  of  George  L.  Kin- 
nard, and  took  his  seat  January  25,  1837. 

9  Resigned  January  5,  1837. 

10  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  Alexander 
Porter,  and  took  his  seat  February  2,  1837. 

u  Elected  for  the  term  beginning  March  4, 1835,  and  took  his 
seat  March  4,  1836.  Charles  E.  A.  Gayarre  was  elected,  but 
resigned  on  account  of  ill  health  before  qualifying;  vacancy  in 
this  class  from  March  4,  1835,  to  January  13,  1836. 


140 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 


Ether  Shepley,1  Saco. 
Judah  Dana,2  Fryeburg. 


Jeremiah  Bailey,  Wiscasset. 
George  Evans,  Gardiner. 
John  Fairfield,  Saco. 
Joseph  Hall,  Camden. 


MAINE. 


SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


MARYLAND. 

SENATORS. 


Robert  H.  Goldsborough,3  Easton. 
John  S.  Spence,4  Berlin. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


John  N.  Steele,  Vienna. 
James  A.  Pearce,  Chestertown. 
James  Turner,  Wiseburg. 
Benjamin  C.  Howard,  Baltimore. 


John  Ruggles,  Thomaston. 


Leonard  Jarvis,  Ellsworth. 
Moses  Mason,  jr.,  Bethel. 
Gorham  Parks,  Bangor. 
Francis  O.  J.  Smith,  Portland. 


Joseph  Kent,  Bladensburg. 


Isaac  McKim,  Baltimore. 
George  C.  Washington,  Rockville. 
Francis  Thomas,  Frederick. 
Daniel  Jenifer,  Harrisons  Lot. 


MASSACHUSETTS. 


John  Davis,  Worcester. 


SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


Abbott  Lawrence,  Boston. 
Stephen  C.  Phillips,  Salem. 
Caleb  Gushing,  Newburyport. 
Samuel  Hoar,  Concord. 
Levi  Lincoln,  Worcester. 
George  Grennell,  jr.,  Greenfield. 


Daniel  Webster,  Boston. 


George  N.  Briggs,  Lanesboro. 
William  B.  Calhoun,  Springfield. 
William  Jackson,  Newton. 
Nathaniel  B.  Borden,  Fall  River. 
John  Reed,  Yarmouth. 
John  Quincy  Adams,  Quincy. 


MICHIGAN.5 

SENATORS. 


Lucius  Lyon,6  Bronson. 


John  Norvell,7  Detroit. 


REPRESENTATIVE . 

Isaac  E.  Crary,8  Marshall. 
MISSISSIPPI. 


John  Black,  Monroe. 


SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


John  F.  H.  Claiborne,  Madison ville. 

MISSOURI. 


Robert  J.  Walker,  Madison  ville. 


David  Dickson,9  Jackson. 
Samuel  J.  Gholson,10  Athens. 


SENATORS. 

Thomas  H.  Benton,  St.  Louis.  Louis  F.  Linn,  St.  Genevieve. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

William  II.  Ashley,  St.  Louis.  Albert  G.  Harrison,  Fulton. 


Resigned  March  3,  1836. 


2  Appointed  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  Ether      mined  by  lot,  March  3,  1841. 


7  Took  his  seat  January  20,  1837;  term  to  expire,  as  detrr- 


Shepley,  and  took  his  seat  December  21,  1836. 

3  Died  October  5,  1836. 

4  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  death  of  Robert  II.  Golds- 
borough,  and  took  his  seat  January  11,  1837. 

'•>  Admitted  as  a  State  into  the  Union  January  26,  1837. 
6  Took  his  seat  January  26,  1837;  term  to  expire,  as  deter- 
mined by  lot,  March  3,  1839. 


Took  his  seat  January  27,  1837. 
9  Died  in  1836. 

10  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  death  of  David  Dickson, 
and  took  his  seat  January  7,  1837. 


TWENTY-FOURTH   CONGRESS. 


141 


NEW  HAMPSHIRE. 


SENATORS. 


Henry  Hubbard,  Charlestown. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


Benning  M.  Bean,  Moultonboro. 
Robert  Burns,  Plymouth. 
Samuel  Cushman,  Portsmouth. 


NEW  JERSEY. 

SENATORS. 


Samuel  L.  Southard,  Trenton. 


REPRESENTATIV  E  8, 

Philemon  Dickerson,3  Paterson. 
William  Chetwood,4  Elizabethtown. 
Samuel  Fowler,  Hamburg. 
Thomas  Lee,  Port  Elizabeth. 

NEW  YORK. 

SENATORS. 

Nathaniel  P.  Tallmadge,  Poughkeepsie. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

Abel  Huntington,  East  Hampton. 
Samuel  Barton,  Richmond. 
Churchill  C.  Cambreleng,  New  York. 
Gideon  Lee,  New  York. 
John  McKeon,  New  York. 
Ely  Moore,  New  York 
Aaron  Ward,  Mount  Pleasant. 
Abraham  Bockee,  Federal  Stone. 
John  W.  Brown,  Newburgh. 
Nicholas  Sickles,  Kingston. 
Valentine  Effner,  Jefferson. 
Aaron  Vanderpoel,  Kinderhook. 
Hiram  P.  Hunt,  Troy. 
Gerrit  Y.  Lansing,  Albany. 
John  Cramer,  Waterford. 
David  Russell,  Salem. 
Dudley  Farlin,  Warrensburg. 
Ransom  H.  Gillet,  Ogdensburg. 
Matthias  J.  Bovee,  Amsterdam. 
Abijah  Mann,  jr.,  Fairneld. 
Samuel  Beardsley,5  Utica. 


Isaac  Hill,1  Concord. 
John  Page,2  Haverhill. 


Franklin  Pierce,  Hillsboro. 
Joseph  Weeks,  Richmond. 


Garret  D.  Wall,  Burlington. 


James  Parker,  Perth  Amboy. 
Ferdinand  S.  Schenck,  Six  Mile  Run. 
William  N.  Shinn,  Mount  Holly. 


Silaa  Wright,  jr.,  Canton. 


Rutger  B.  Miller,6  Utica. 
Joel  Turrell,  Oswego. 
Daniel  Wardwell,  Mannsville. 
Sherman  Page,  Unadilla. 
William  Seymour,  Binghamton. 
William  Mason,  Preston. 
Stephen  B.  Leonard,  Owego. 
Joseph  Reynolds,  Virgil. 
William  K.  Fuller,  Chittenango. 
William  Taylor,  Manlius. 
Ulysses  F.  Doubleday,  Auburn. 
Graham  H.  Chapin,  Lyons. 
Francis  Granger,  Canandaigua. 
Joshua  Lee,  Penn  Yan. 
Timothy  Childs,  Rochester. 
George  W.  Lay,  Batavia. 
Philo  C.  Fuller,7  Geneseo. 
John  Young,8  Geneseo. 
Abner  Hazeltine,  Jamestown. 
Thomas  C.  Love,  Buffalo. 
Gideon  Hard,  Albion. 


NORTH  CAROLINA. 


Bedford  Brown,  Browns  Store. 


SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


William  B.  Shepard,  Elizabeth  City. 
Jesse  A.  Bynum,  Halifax. 
Ebenezer  Pettigrew,  Cool  Spring. 
Jesse  Speight,  Stantonsburg. 
James  J.  McKay,  Elizabethtown. 
Micajah  T.  Hawkins,  Warrenton. 
Edmund  Deberry,  Lawrenceville. 


Willie  P.  Mangum,7  Red  Mountain. 
Robert  Strange,9  Fayetteville. 


William  Montgomery,  Albrights. 
Augustine  H.  Shepperd,  Germantown. 
Abraham  Rencher,  Pittsboro. 
Henry  W.  Conner,  Sherrills  Ford. 
James  Graham,10  Rutherfordton. 
Lewis  Williams,  Panther  Creek. 


1  Resigned  May  30, 1830,  having  been  elected  governor. 

2  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  Isaac  Hill, 
and  took  his  seat  June  13, 1836. 

3  Resigned  November  3, 1836. 

4  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  Philemon 
Dickerson,  and  took  his  seat  December  5,  1836. 

s  Resigned  March  29,  1836. 

8  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  Samuel 
Beardsley,  and  took  his  seat  December  5,  1836. 


i  Resigned  September  2,  1836. 

*  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  Philo  C. 
Fuller,  and  took  his  seat  December  6, 1836. 

•  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  Willie  P. 
Mangum,  and  took  his  seat  December  15,  1836. 

10  Seat  declared  vacant  March  29, 1836,  on  account  of  irregu- 
larities in  election;  subsequently  elected  and  took  his  seat 
December  5, 1836. 


142 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 


Thomas  Ewing,  Lancaster. 


OHIO. 


SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


Bellamy  Storer,  Cincinnati. 
Taylor  Webster,  Hamilton. 
Joseph  H.  Crane,  Dayton. 
Thomas  Corwin,  Lebanon. 
Thomas  L.  Hamer,  Georgetown. 
Samuel  F.  Vinton,  Gallipolis. 
William  K.  Bond,  Chillicothe. 
Jeremiah  McLene,  Columbus. 
John  Chaney,  Courtwright. 
Samson  Mason,  Springfield. 

PENNSYLVANIA. 


Thomas  Morris,  Bethel. 

William  Kennon,  St.  Clairsville. 
Elias  Howell,  Newark. 
David  Spangler,  Coshocton. 
William  Patterson,  Mansfield. 
Jonathan  Sloane,  Ravenna. 
Elisha  Whittlesey,  Canfield. 
John  Thomson,  New  Lisbon. 
Benjamin  Jones,  Wqoster. 
Daniel  Kilgore,  Cadiz. 


James  Buchanan,  Lancaster. 


SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVE  S . 


Joel  B.  Sutherland,  Philadelphia. 
Joseph  R.  Ingersoll,  Philadelphia. 
James  Harper,  Philadelphia. 
Michael  W.  Ash,  Philadelphia. 
Edward  Darlington,  Chester. 
William  Hi  ester,  New  Holland. 
David  Potts,  jr.,  Pottstown. 
Jacob  Fry,  jr.,  Trappe. 
Mathias  Morris,  Doylestown. 
David  D.  Wagener,  Easton. 
Edward  B.  Hubley,  Orwigsburg. 
Henry  A.  Muhlenberg,  Reading. 
William  Clark,  Dauphin. 
Henry  Logan,  Dillsburg. 
George  Chambers,  Chambersburg. 


Samuel  McKean,  Burlington. 

Jesse  Miller,1  Landisburg. 

James  Black,2  Newport. 

Joseph  Henderson,  Browns  Mills. 

Andrew  Beaumont,  Wilkes-Barre. 

Joseph  B.  Anthony,  Williamsport. 

John  Laporte,  Asylum. 

Job  Mann,  Bedford. 

John  Kilgensmith,  jr.,  Stewartsville. 

Andrew  Buchanan,  Waynesburg. 

Thomas  M.  T.  McKennan,  Washington. 

Harmar  Denny,  Pittsburgh. 

Samuel  S.  Harrison,  Kittatinning. 

John  Banks,1  Mercer. 

John  J.  Pierson,3  Mercer. 

John  Galbraith,  Franklin. 


RHODE   ISLAND. 


SENATORS. 

Nehemiah  R.  Knight,  Providence.  Asher  Robbins,  Newport. 

,  iv  , ,  REPRESENTATIVES. 

Dutee  J.  Pearce,  Newport.  William  Sprague,  jr.,  Natick. 

SOUTH  CAROLINA. 


John  C.  Calhoun,  Fort  Hill. 


SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


Robert  B.  Campbell,  Brownsville. 
William  I.  Grayson,  Beaufort. 
John  K.  Griffin,  Milton. 
James  H.  Hammond,1  Silverton. 
Franklin  H.  Elmore,4  Columbia. 


TENNESSEE. 


SENATORS. 


Felix  Grundy,  Nashville. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


William  B.  Carter,  Elizabethton. 
Samuel  Bunch,  Rutledge. 
Luke  Lea,  Campbells  Station. 
James  Standifer,  Mount  Airy. 
John  B.  Forester,  McMinnsville. 
Balie  Peyton,  Gallatin. 
John  Bell,  Nashville. 


William  C.  Preston,  Columbia. 


Francis  W.  Pickens,  Edgefield. 
Henry  L.  Pinckney,  Charleston. 
Richard  I.  Manning,5  Fulton. 
John  P.  Richardson,6  Fulton. 
James  Rogers,  Yorkville. 
Waddy  Thompson,  jr.,  Greenville. 


Hugh  Lawson  White,  Knoxville. 

Abraham  P.  Maury,  Franklin. 
James  K.  Polk,  Columbia. 
Ebenezer  J.  Shields,  Pulaski. 
Cave  Johnson,  Clarksville. 
Adam  Huntsman,  Jackson. 
William  C.  Dunlap,  Bolivar. 


1  Resigned  October  30, 1836. 

2  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  Jesse  Miller, 
and  took  his  seat  December  5, 1836. 

3  Elected  to   fill   vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  John 
Banks,  and  took  his  seat  December  5, 1836. 


<  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  James  H. 
Hammond,  and  took  his  seat  December  19, 1836. 

s  Died  May  1, 1836. 

6  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  death  of  Richard  I.  Man- 
ning, and  took  his  seat  December  19, 1836. 


TWENTY-FOURTH   CONGRESS. 


143 


VERMONT. 

SENATORS. 

Samuel  Prentiss,  Montpelier.  Benjamin  Swift,  St.  Albans. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 


Hiland  Hall,  Bennington. 
William  Slade,  Middlebury. 
Horace  Everett,  Windsor. 


VIRGINIA. 


SENATORS. 


Benjamin  W.  Leigh,1  Richmond. 
Richard  E.  Parker,2  Snickersville. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


James  M.  H.  Beale,  Mount  Jackson. 
James  W.  Bouldin,  Charlotte. 
Nathaniel  H.  Claiborne,  Rocky  Mount. 
Walter  Coles,  Robertsons  Store. 
Robert  Craig,  Christiansburg. 
George  C.  Dromgoole,  Gholsonville. 
James  Garland,  Lovingston. 
George  W.  Hopkins,  Lebanon. 
Joseph  Johnson,  Bridgeport. 
John  W.  Jones,  Petersburg. 
George  Loyall,  Norfolk. 


Heman  Allen,  Burlington. 
Henry  F.  Janes,  Waterbury. 


John  Tyler,3  Gloucester. 

William  C.  Rives,4  Lindseys  Store. 


Edward  Lucas,  jr.,  Charlestown. 
William  McComas,  Cabell. 
John  Y.  Mason,5  Hicksford. 
Charles  F.  Mercer,  Aldie. 
William  S.  Morgan,  White  Day. 
John  M.  Patton,  Fredericksburg. 
John  Roane,  Rumfprd  Academy. 
John  Robertson,  Richmond. 
John  Taliaferro,  Fredericksburg. 
Henry  A.  Wise,  Accomac. 


ARKANSAW  TERRITORY. 

DELEGATE. 

Ambrose  H.  Sevier,6  Lake  Port. 
TERRITORY  OF  FLORIDA. 

DELEGATE. 

Joseph  M.  White,  Monticello. 
MICHIGAN  TERRITORY.7 

DELEGATE. 

George  W.  Jones,8  Sinsinawa  Mound. 
TERRITORY  OF  WISCONSIN.9 

DELEGATE. 

George  W.  Jones,10  Sinsinawa" Mound. 


1  Resigned  July  4, 1836. 

s  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  Benjamin 
W.  Leigh,  and  took  his  seat  December  15, 1836. 

a  Resigned  February  29, 1836. 

4  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  John  Tyler, 
and  took  his  seat  March  14, 1836. 

6  Resigned  January  11, 1837. 

« Became  Senator  upon  the  granting  of  Statehood  to  the  ter- 
ritory. 


7  A  portion  of  the  territory  was  given  statehood  as  the  State 
of  Michigan  January  26, 1837. 

s  Served  until  after  the  Territory  of  Wisconsin  had  been 
created  out  of  Michigan  Territory,  or  until  December,  1836. 

9  Formed  from  a  portion  of  Michigan  Territory  and  granted 
a  Delegate  in  Congress  by  Act  of  April  20, 1836. 

i»  Elected  the  first  Delegate  from  the  newly-formed  terri- 
tory, qualified,  and  took  his  seat  December  5, 1836. 


TWENTY-FIFTH  CONGRESS. 


MARCH  4,  1837,  TO  MARCH  3,  1839. 


FIRST  SESSION— September  4,  1837,  to  October  16,  1837.  SECOND  SESSION— Decem- 
ber 4,  1837,  to  July  9,  1838.  THIRD  SESSION— December  3,  1838,  to  March  3,  1839. 
SPECIAL  SESSION  OF  THE  SENATE— March  4,  1837,  to  March  10,  1837. 


VICE  PRESIDENT— Richard  M.  Johnson,  of  Kentucky.  PRESIDENT  OF  THE  SENATE 
PRO  TEMPORE— William  R.  King,1  of  Alabama.  SECRETARY  OF  THE  SENATE— Asbury 
Dickens,  of  North  Carolina. 

SPEAKER  OF  THE  HOUSE— James  K.  Polk,  of  Tennessee.  CLERKS  OF  THE  HOUSE— 
Walter  S.  Franklin,  of  Pennsylvania;  Hugh  A.  Garland,2  of  Virginia. 


ALABAMA. 

SENATORS. 

John  McKinley,3  Florence.  William  R.  King,  Selma. 

Clement  C.  Clay,4  Hunts ville. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

Reuben  Chapman,  Somerville.  George  W.  Crabb,6  Tuscaloosa. 

Joshua  L.  Martin,  Athens.  Dixon  H.  Lewis,  Lowndesboro. 

Joab  Lawler,6  Mardisville.  Francis  S.  Lyon,  Demopolis. 

ARKANSAS. 

SENATORS. 

William  S.  Fulton,  Little  Rock.  Ambrose  H.  Sevier,  Lake  Port. 

REPRESENTATIVE. 

Archibald  Yell,  Fayetteville. 
CONNECTICUT. 

SENATORS. 

John  M.  Niles,  Hartford.  Perry  Smith,  New  Milford. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

Isaac  Toucey,  Hartford.  Elisha  Haley,  Mystic. 

Samuel  Ingham,  Saybrook.  Lancelot  Phelps,  Hitchcockville. 

Thomas  T.  Whittlesey,  Danbury.  Orrin  Holt,  Willington. 

DELAWARE. 

SENATORS. 

Richard  H.  Bayard,  Wilmington.  Thomas  Clayton,  New  Castle. 

REPRESENTATIVE . 

John  J.  Milligan,  Wilmington. 

1  Elected  March  7, 1837  (special  session  of  the  Senate);  Octo-         4  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  the  resignation  of  John 
her  13,  1837;  July  2,  1838;  February  25,  1839.  McKinley.  and  took  his  seat  September  4,  1837. 

2  Elected  December  3,  1838.  5  Died  May  8,  1838. 

»  Resigned  April  22,  1837.  6  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  death  of  Joab  Lawler, 

and  took  his  seat  December  3.  1838. 
144 


TWENTY-FIFTH   CONGRESS. 


145 


Alfred  Cuthbert,  Monticello. 


GEORGIA. 


SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


Jesse  F.  Cleveland,  Decatur. 
William  C.  Dawsen,  Greensboro. 
Thomas  Glascock,  Augusta. 
Seatoii  Grantland,  Milledgeville. 
Charles  E.  Haynes,  Sparta. 


John  P.  King,1  Augusta. 
Wilson  Lumpkin,2  Athens. 


Hopkins  Holsey,  Hamilton. 
Jabez  Jackson,  Clarkesville. 
George  W.  Owens,  Savannah. 
George  W.  Towns,  Talbotton. 


ILLINOIS.  •'; 

SENATORS. 

John  M.  Robinson,  Carmi.  Richard  M.  Young,  Quincy. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

Adam  W.  Snyder,  Belleville.  William  L.  May,  Springfield. 

Zadoc  Casey,  Mount  Vernon. 

INDIANA. 

SENATORS. 

Oliver  H.  Smith,  Connersville.  John  Tipton,  Logansport. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 


Ratliff  Boon,  Boonville. 
John  Ewing,  Vincennes. 
William  Graham,  Vallonia. 
George  H.  Dunn,  Lawrenceburg. 


Henry  Clay,  Lexington. 


KENTUCKY. 


SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


John  L.  Murray,  Wadesboro. 
Edward  Rumsey,  Greenville. 
Joseph  R.  Underwood,  Bowling  Green. 
Sherrod  Williams,  Monticello. 
James  Harlan,  Harrodsburg. 
John  Calhoun,  Hardinsburg. 
John  Pope,  S,pringfield. 


LOUISIANA. 


SENATORS. 


Alexander  Mouton,  Vermilion ville. 


James  Rariden,  Centerville. 
William  Herod,  Columbus. 
Albert  S.  White,  Lafayette. 


John  J.  Crittenden,  Frankfort. 

William  J.  Graves,  New  Castle. 
John  White,  Richmond. 
Richard  Hawes,  Winchester. 
Richard  H.  Menifee,  Mount  Sterling. 
John  Chambers,  Washington. 
William  W.  Southgate,  Covington. 


Robert  C.  Nicholas,  Donaldsonville. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 

Henry  Johnson,  Bringiers.  Rice  Garland,  Opelousas. 

Eleazer  W.  Ripley,  Jackson. 

MAINE. 


John  Ruggles,  Thomaston. 

Hugh  J.  Anderson,  Belfast. 
Timothy  J.  Carter,4  Paris. 
Virgil  D.  Parris,6  Buckfield. 
Jonathan  Cilley,6  Thomastown. 
Edward  Robinson,7  Thomaston. 


SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


Reuel  Williams,3  Augusta. 

John  Fairfield,  Saco. 
Joseph  C.  Noyes,  Eastport. 
Francis  O.  J.  Smith,  Portland. 
Thomas  Davee,  Blanchard. 
George  Evans,  Gardiner. 


i  Resigned  November  1,  1837. 

»  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  John  P.  King, 
and  took  his  seat  December  13,  1837. 

3  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  Ether 
Shepley  in  preceding  Congress,  and  took  his  seat  March  4, 1837. 

«  Died  March  14,  1838. 

50346°— S.  Doc.  654,  61-2 10 


5  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  death  of  Timothy  J.  Car- 
ter, and  took  his  seat  May  29,  1838. 

8  Killed  in  a  duel  with  William  J.  Graves,  of  Kentucky. 
February  24, 1838. 

7  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  death  of  Jonathan  Cilley, 
and  took  his  seat  April  28,  1838. 


146 


CONGRESSIONAL   DIRECTORY. 


MARYLAND. 


Joseph  Kent,1  Bladensburg. 
William  D.  Merrick,2  Aliens  Fresh. 


SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


John  Dennis,  Princess  Anne. 
James  A.  Pearce,  Chestertown. 
John  T.  H.  Worthington,  Golden. 
Benjamin  C.  Howard,  Baltimore. 
Isaac  McKim,3  Baltimore. 


John  S.  Spence,  Berlin. 


John  P.  Kennedy,4  Baltimore. 
William  C.  Johnson,  Jefferson. 
Francis  Thomas,  Frederick. 
Daniel  Jenifer,  Harrisons  Lot. 


MASSACHUSETTS. 


Daniel  Webster,  Boston. 


SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


Richard  Fletcher,  Boston. 
Stephen  C.  Phillips,5  Salem. 
Leverett  Saltonstall,6  Salem. 
Caleb  Gushing,  Newburyport. 
William  Parmenter,  East  Cambridge. 
Levi  Lincoln,  Worcester. 
George  Grennell,  jr.,  Greenfield. 


John  Davis,  Worcester. 


George  N.  Briggs,  Lanesboro. 
William  B.  Calnpun,  Springfield. 
William  S.  Hastings,  Mendon. 
Nathaniel  B.  Borden,  Fall  River. 
John  Reed,  Yarmouth. 
John  Quincy  Adams,  Quincy. 


MICHIGAN. 


SENATORS. 


Lucius  Lyon,  Bronson. 


John  Norvell,  Detroit. 


REPRESENTATIVE. 

Isaac  E.  Crary,  Marshall. 
MISSISSIPPI. 


SENATORS. 


John  Black,7  Monroe. 

James  F.  Trotter,8  Holly  Springs. 

Thomas  H.  Williams,9  Pontitoc. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


John  F.  H.  Claiborne,10  Madisonville. 
Samuel  J.  Gholson,11  Athens. 


Thomas  H.  Benton,  St.  Louis. 


MISSOURI. 

SENATORS. 
REPRESENTATIVES. 


Robert  J.  Walker,  Madisonville. 


Sergeant  S.  Prentiss,11  Vicksburg. 
Thomas  J.  Word,11  Pontitoc. 


Lewis  F.  Linn,  St.  Genevieve. 


Albert  G.  Harrison,  Fulton.  John  Miller,  Boonville. 

NEW  HAMPSHIRE. 


SENATORS. 


Henry  Hubbard,  Charlestown. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


Charles  G.  Atherton,  Nashua. 
Samuel  Cushman,  Portsmouth. 
James  Farrington,  Rochester. 


Franklin  Pierce,  Hillsboro. 


Joseph  Weeks,  Richmond. 
Jared  W.  Williams,  Lancaster. 


'  Died  November  24,  1837. 

2  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  death  of  Joseph  Kent, 
and  took  his  seat  January  5,  1838. 

^  Died  April  1.  1838. 

«  Elected  to  flll  vacancy  caused  by  death  of  Isaac  McKim, 
and  took  his  seat  April  30,  1838. 

&  Resigned  in  1838. 

6  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  Stephen  C. 
Phillips,  and  took  his  seat  December  5,  1838. 

i  Resigned  January  22, 1838. 


8  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  John  Black, 
and  took  his  seat  February  19,  1838;  resigned  July  10,  1838. 

»  Appointed  to  flll  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  James  F. 
Trotter,  and  took  his  seat  December  13,  1838;  subsequently 
elected. 

10  Declared  to  have  been  duly  elected  Octobers,  1837:  decision 
subsequently  reversed,  and  seat  declared  vacant  January  31, 
1838. 

11  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  the  House  declaring  the 
seats  of  John  H.  F.  Claiborne  and  Samuel  J.  Gholson  vacant, 
and  took  his  seat  May  30,  1838. 


TWENTY-FIFTH    CONGRESS. 


147 


NEW  JERSEY. 


SENATORS. 


Samuel  L.  Southard,  Trenton. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


John  B.  Aycrigg,  Hackensack. 
William  Halstead,  Trenton. 
John  P.  B.  Maxwell,  Belvidere. 


Silaa  Wright,  jr.,  Canton. 


NEW  YORK. 


SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


Thomas  B.  Jackson,  Newtown. 
Abraham  Vanderveer,  Brooklyn. 
Ogden  Hoffman,  New  York. 
Edward  Curtis,  New  York. 
Churchill  C.  Cambreleng,  New  York. 
Ely  Moore,  New  York. 
Gouverneur  Kemble,  Cold  Spring. 
Obadiah  Titus,  Washington. 
Nathaniel  Jones,  Warwick. 
John  C.  Brodhead,  Modena. 
Zadock  Pratt,  Prattsyille. 
Robert  McClellan,  Middleburg. 
Henry  Vail,  Troy. 
Albert  Gallup,  East  Berne. 
John  J.  De  Graff,  Scheneetady. 
David  Russell.  Salem. 
John  Palmer,  Plattsburg. 
James  B.  Spencer,  Fort  Covington. 
John  Edwards,  Ephratah. 
Arphaxed  Loomis,  Little  Falls. 
Henry  A.  Foster,  Rome. 


Garret  D.  Wall,  Burlington. 


Joseph  F.  Randolph,  Freehold. 
Charles  C.  Stratton,  Swedesboro. 
Thomas  Jones  Yorke,  Salem. 


Nathaniel  P.  Tallmadge,  Poughkeepsie. 

Abraham  P.  Grant,  Oswego. 
Isaac  H.  Bronson,  Watertown. 
John  H.  Prentiss,  Cooperstown. 
Amasa  J.  Parker,  Delhi. 
John  C.  Clarke,  Bainb  ridge. 
Andrew  D.  W.  Bruyn,1  Ithaca. 
Cyrus  Beers,2  Ithaca. 
Hiram  Gray,  Elmira. 
William  Taylor,  Manlius. 
Bennet  Bicknell,  Morrisville. 
William  H.  Noble,  Cato. 
Samuel  Birdsall,  Waterloo. 
Mark  H.  Sibley,  Canandaigua. 
John  T.  Andrews,  North  Reading. 
Timothy  Childs,  Rochester. 
William  Patterson,3  \Varsaw. 
Harvey  Putnam,4  Attica. 
Luther  C.  Peck,  Pike. 
Richard  P.  Marvin,  Jamestown. 
Millard  Fillmore,  Buffalo. 
Charles  F.  Mitchell,  Lockport. 


NORTH   CAROLINA. 


SENATORS. 


Bedford  Brown,  Browns  Store. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


Samuel  T.  Sawyer,  Edenton. 
Jesse  A.  Bynum,  Halifax. 
Edward  Stanly,  Washington. 
Charles  Shepard,  Newbern. 
James  J.  McKay,  Elizabeth  town. 
Micajah  T.  Hawkins,  Warrenton. 
Edmon  Deberry,  Lawrenceville. 


OHIO. 


Robert  Strange,  Fayetteville. 


William  Montgomery,  Albrights. 
Augustine  H.  Shepperd,  Bethania. 
Abraham  Rencher,  Pittsboro. 
Henry  W.  Conner,  Sherrills  Ford. 
James  Graham,  Rutherfordton. 
Lewis  Williams,  Panther  Creek. 


William  Allen,  Chillicothe. 


SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


Alexander  Duncan,  Cincinnati. 
Taylor  Webster,  Hamilton. 
Patrick  G.  Goode,  Sydney. 
Thomas  Corwin,  Lebanon. 
Thomas  L.  Hamer,  Georgetown. 
Calvary  Morris,  Athens. 
William  K.  Bond,  Chillicothe. 
Joseph  Ridgway,  Columbus. 
John  Chaney,  Courtwright. 
Samson  Mason,  Springfield. 
James  Alexander,  jr.,  St.  Clairsville. 


Thomas  Morris,  Bethel. 


Alexander  Harper,  Zanesville. 
Daniel  P.  Leadbetter,  Millersburg. 
William  H.  Hunter,  Sandusky. 
John  W.  Allen,  Cleveland. 
Elisha  Whittlesey,5  Canfield. 
Joshua  R.  Giddings,6  Jefferson. 
Andrew  W.  Loomis,7  New  Lisbon. 
Charles  D.  Coffin,8  New  Lisbon. 
Matthias  Sheplor,  Bethlehem. 
Daniel  Kilgore,9  Cadiz. 
Henry  Swearingen,10  Smithfield. 


1  Died  July  27,  1838. 

2  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  death  of  Andrew  D.  W. 
Bruyn,  and  took  his  seat  December  3,  1838. 

3  Died  August  14,  1838. 

<  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  death  of  William  Patter- 
son, and  took  his  seat  December  3,  1838. 

6  Resigned  July  9,  1838. 

6  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  Elisha 
Whittlesey,  and  took  his  seat  December  3,  1838. 


7  Resigned  October  20,  1837. 

8  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  Andrew 
W.  Loomis,  and  took  his  seat  December  20,  1837. 

9  Resigned  in  1838. 

10  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  Daniel  Kil- 
gore, and  took  his  seat  December  3,  1838. 


148 


CONGRESSIONAL   DIRECTORY. 


PENNSYLVANIA. 


SENATORS. 


Samuel  McKean,  Burlington. 


James  Buchanan,  Lancaster. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


Lemuel  Paynter,  Philadelphia. 
John  Sergeant,  Philadelphia. 
George  W.  Toland,  Philadelphia. 
Francis  J.  Harper,1  Frankford. 
Charles  Naylpr,2  Philadelphia. 
Edward  Da  vies,  Church  town. 
David  Potts,  jr.,  Pottstown. 
Edward  Darlington,  Chester. 
Jacob  Fry,  jr.,  Trappe. 
Mathias  Morris,  Doylestown. 
David  D.  Wagener,  Easton. 
Edward  B.  Hubley,  Orwigsburg. 
Henry  A.  Muhlenberg,3  Reading. 
George  M.  Keim,4  Reading. 
Luther  Reily,  Harrisburg. 


Henry  Logan,  Dillsburg. 

Daniel  Sheffer,  York. 

Charles  McClure,  Carlisle. 

William  W.  Potter,  Bellefonte. 

David  Petrikin,  Danville. 

Robert  H.  Hammond,  Milton. 

Samuel  W.  Morris,  Wellsboro. 

Charles  Ogle,  Somerset. 

John  Klingensmith,  jr.,  Stewartsville. 

Andrew  Buchanan,  Waynesburg. 

Thomas  M.  T.  McKennan,  Washington. 

Richard  Biddle,  Pittsburgh. 

William  Beatty,  Butler. 

Thomas  Henry,  Beaver. 

Arnold  Plumer,  Franklin. 


RHODE    ISLAND. 

SENATORS. 

Nehemiah  R.  Knight,  Providence.  Asher  Robbins,  Newport. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

Robert  B.  Cranston,  Newport.  Joseph  L.  Tillinghast,  Providence. 

SOUTH   CAROLINA. 


John  C.  Calhoun,  Fort  Hill. 

John  Campbell,  Parnassus. 
William  K.  Clowney,  Union. 
Franklin  H.  Elmore,  Columbia. 
John  K.  Griffin,  Milton. 
Hugh  S.  Legare,  Charleston. 


SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


TENNESSEE. 


SENATORS. 


Felix  Grundy,5  Nashville. 
Ephraim  H.  Foster,6  Nashville. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


William  B.  Carter,  Elizabeth  ton. 
Abraham  McClellan,  Blountsville. 
Joseph  L.  Williams,  Knoxville. 
William  Stone,  Delphi. 
Hopkins  L.  Turney,  Winchester. 
William  B.  Campbell,  Carthage. 
John  Bell,  Nashville 


William  C.  Preston,  Columbia. 

Francis  W.  Pickens,  Edgefield. 
Robert  Barnwell  Rhett,  Beaufort. 
John  P.  Richardson,  Fulton. 
Waddy  Thompson,  jr.,  Greenville. 


Hugh  L.  White,  Knoxville. 


Abraham  P.  Maury,  Franklin. 
James  K.  Polk,  Columbia. 
Ebenezer  J.  Shields,  Ptilaski. 
Richard  Cheatham,  Springfield. 
John  W.  Crockett,  Paris. 
Christopher  H.  Williams,  Lexington. 


VERMONT. 


SENATORS. 

Samuel  Prentiss,  Montpelier.  Benjamin  Swift,  St.  Albans, 

REPRESENTATIVES. 


Hiland  Hall,  Bennington. 
William  Slade,  Middlebury. 
Horace  Everett,  Windsor. 


Heman  Allen,  Burlington. 
Isaac  Fletcher,  Lyndon. 


1  Died  March  18,  1837,  before  the  convening  of  the  Congress. 

2  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  death  of  Francis  J.  Har- 
per, and  took  his  seat  September  4, 1837. 

s  Resigned  February  9,  1838. 

<  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  Henry  A. 
Muhlenberg,  and  took  his  seat  March  17, 1838. 


6  Resigned  July  4, 1838. 

6  Appointed  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  Felix 
Grundy,  and  took  his  seat  December  3,  1838,  subsequently 
elected'  for  full  term  commencing  March  4, 1839,  and  resigned 
March  3,  1839. 


TWENTY-FIFTH    CONGRESS.  149 

VIRGINIA. 


SENATORS. 

William  C.  Rives,  Lindseys  Store.  Richard  E.  Parker,1  Snickersville. 

William  H.  Roane,2  Richmond. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

^ 

Andrew  Beirne,  Union.  James  M.  Mason,  Winchester. 

James  W.  Bouldin,  Charlotte.  Charles  F.  Mercer,  Aldie. 

Walter  Coles,  Robertsons  Store.  William  S.  Morgan,  White  Day. 

Robert  Craig,  Christiansburg.  John  M.  Patton,3  Fredericksburg. 

George  C.  Dromgoole,  Belfast.  Linn  Banks,4  Madison. 

James  Garland,  Lovingston.  Isaac  S.  Pennybacker,  Harrisonburg. 

George  W.  Hopkins,  Lebanon.  Francia  E.  Rives,  Littleton. 

Robert  M.  T.  Hunter,  Lloyds.  John  Robertson,  Richmond. 

Joseph  Johnson,  Bridgeport.  Archibald  Stuart,  Mount  Airy. 

John  W.  Jones,  Petersburg.  John  Taliaferro,  Fredericksburg. 

Francis  Mallory,  Hampton.  Henry  A.  Wise,  Accomac. 

TERRITORY  OF  FLORIDA 

DELEGATE. 

Charles  Downing,  St.  Augustine. 
TERRITORY  OF  IOWA.5 

DELEGATE. 

William  W.  Chapman,  Burlington. 
TERRITORY  OF  WISCONSIN. 

DELEGATES. 

George  W.  Jones,6  Sinsinawa  Mound.  James  D.  Doty,7  Astor. 

'  Resigned  March  13, 1837.  5  Form  from  a  portion  of  the  Territory  of  Wisconsin  and 

2  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  Richard  E.  granted  a  delegate  in  Congress  by  Act  of  June  12, 1838. 

Parker,  and  took  his  seat  September  4,  1837.  'Served  until  January   14,  1839;  succeeded  by  James  D. 

s  Resigned  in  1838.  Doty,  who  contested  his  election. 

'Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  John  M.  'Successfully  contested  the  election  of  George  W.  Jones, 

Patton,  and  took  his  seat  May  19, 1838.  and  took  his  seat  January  14,  1839. 


TWENTY-SIXTH  CONGRESS. 


MARCH  4,  1839,  TO  MARCH  3,  1841. 


FIRST  SESSION— December  2,  1839,  to  July  21,  1840.     SECOND  SESSION— December  7, 

1840,  to  March  3,  1841. 


VICE  PRESIDENT— Richard  M.  Johnson,  of  Kentucky.  PRESIDENT  OF  THE  SENATE 
PRO  TEMPORE— William  R.  King,1  of  Alabama.  SECRETARY  OF  THE  SENATE- Asbury 
Dickens,  o  North  Carolina. 

SPEAKER  OF  THE  HOUSE— Robert  M.  T.  Hunter,2  of  Virginia.  CLERK  OF  THE  HOTTSE— 
Hugh  A.  Garland,  of  Virginia. 


ALABAMA. 


SENATORS. 

William  R.  King,  Selma.  Clement  C.  Clay,  Huntsville. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 


Reuben  Chapman,  Somerville. 
David  Hub  bard,  Courtland. 
George  W.  Crabb,  Tuloosasca. 


Dixon  H.  Lewis,  Lowndesboro. 
James  Dellet,  Claiborne. 


ARKANSAS. 


SENATORS. 

William  S.  Fulton,  Little  Rock.  Ambrose  H.  Sevier,  Lake  Port. 

REPRESENTATIVE . 

Edward  Cross,  Washington. 
CONNECTICUT. 


SENATORS. 


Perry  Smith,  New  Milford. 


Thaddeus  Bette,3  Norwalk. 
Jabez  W.  Huntington,4  Norwich. 

Thomas  B.  Osborne,  Fairneld. 
Truman  Smith,  Litchfield. 
John  H.  Brockway,  Ellington. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 

Joseph  Trumbull,  Hartford. 
William  L.  Storrs,5  Middletown. 
William  W.  Boardman,6  New  Haven. 
Thomas  W.  Williams,  New  London. 

DELAWARE. 

SENATORS. 

Richard  II.  Bayard,7  Wilmington.  Thomas  Clayton,  New  Castle. 

REPRESENTATIVE. 

Thomas  Robinson,  jr.,  Georgetown. 


'  Continuing  from  preceding  session;  reelected  July  3,  1840; 
March  3,  1841. 

*  Elected  December  16,  1839. 

a  Died  April  7, 1840. 

«  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  death  of  Thaddeus  Betts, 
and  took  his  seat  June  2,  1840. 

'•>  Resigned  in  June,  1840,  to  become  associate  judge  of  the 
court  of  errors. 

150 


6  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  William  L. 
Storrs,  and  took  his  seat  December  7,  1840.  « 

7  Resigned  September  19,  1839.  to  become  chief  justice  of 
Delaware;  reelected  for  the  term  beginning  March  4,  1839,  and 
took  his  seat  January  19,  1841;   vacancy  in  this  class  from 
September  19,  1839.  to  January  15,  1841. 


TWENTY-SIXTH    CONGRESS. 
GEORGIA. 


151 


Alfred  Cuthbert,  Monticello. 


SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


Julius  C.  Alford,  Lagrange. 
Edward  J.  Black,  Jacksonboro. 
Walter  T.  Colquitt,1  Columbus. 
Hinea  Holt,2  Columbus. 
Mark  A.  Cooper,  Columbus. 


Wilson  Lumpkin,  Athens. 


William  C.  Dawson,  Greensboro. 
Richard  W.  Habersham,  Clarkesville. 
Thomas  Butler  King,  Waynesville. 
Eugenius  A.  Nisbet,  Macon. 
Lott  Warren,  Palmyra. 


ILLINOIS. 

SENATORS. 

John  M.  Robinson,  Carmi.  Richard  M.  Young,  Quincy. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 


John  Reynolds,  Belleville. 
Zadok  Casey,  Mount  Vernon. 


Oliver  H.  Smith,  Indianapolis. 


INDIANA. 


SENATORS. 


George  H.  Promt,  Petersburg. 
John  W.  Davis,  Carlisle. 
John  Carr,  Charlestown. 
Thomas  Smith,  Versailles. 


Henry  Clay,  Lexington. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


KENTTJCKY. 


SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


Linn  Boyd,  Belleview. 
Philip  Triplett,  Owensboro. 
Joseph  R.  Underwood,  Bowling  Green 
Sherrod  Williams,  Monticello. 
Simeon  H.  Anderson,5  Lancaster. 
John  B.  Thompson,6  Harrodsburg. 
Willis  Green,  Green. 


LOUISIANA. 


SENATORS. 


Robert  C.  Nicholas,  Donaldson ville. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


Edward  D.  White,  Thibodeaux ville. 
Thomas  W.  Chinn,  Baton  Rouge. 


John  T.  Stuart,  Springfield. 


Albert  S.  White,  Lafayette. 


James  Rariden,  Centerville. 
William  W.  Wick,  Indianapolis. 
Tilghman  A.  Howard,3  Rockville. 
Henry  S.  Lane,4  Crawfords ville. 


John  J.  Crittenden,  Frankfort. 

John  Pope,  Springfield. 
William  J.  Graves,  Newcastle. 
John  White,  Richmond. 
Richard  Hawes.  Winchester. 
Landaff  W.  Andrews,  Flemingsburg. 
Garrett  Davis,  Paris. 
William  O.  Butler,  Carrollton. 


Alexander  Mouton,  Vermilionville. 


Rice  Garland,7  Opelousas. 
John  Moore,8  Franklin. 


MAINE. 


John  Ruggles,  Thomaston. 

Hugh  J.  Anderson,  Belfast. 
Nathan  Clifford,  Newfield. 
Thomas  Davee,  Blanchard. 
George  Evans,  Gardiner. 


SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


Reuel  Williams,  Augusta. 

Joshua  A.  Lowell,  East  Machias. 
Virgil  D..Parris,  Buckfield. 
Benjamin  Randall,  Bath. 
Albert  Smith,  Portland. 


1  Resigned  July  21, 1840. 

2  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  Walter  T. 
Colquitt,  and  took  his  seat  February  1,  1841. 

3  Resigned  August  1, 1840. 

'Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  Tilghman 
A.  Howard,  and  took  his  seat  December  7, 1840. 


s  Died  August  11,  1840. 

8  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  death  of  Simeon  H. 
Anderson,  and  took  his  seat  December  7,  1840. 

'  Resigned  July  21, 1840. 

8  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  Rice  Gar- 
land, and  took  his  seat  D'ecember  17,  1840. 


152 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 
MARYLAND. 


John  S.  Spence,.1  Berlin. 
John  L.  Kerr,2  Easton. 


SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


John  Dennis,  Princess  Anne. 
Philip  F.  Thomas,  Easton. 
John  T.  H.  Worthington,  Shawan. 
Solomon  Hillen,  jr.,  Baltimore. 


William  D.  Merrick,  Aliens  Fresh. 


James  Carroll,  Baltimore. 
William  Cost  Johnson,  Jefferson. 
Francis  Thomas,  Frederick. 
Daniel  Jenifer,  Milton  Hill. 


MASSACHUSETTS. 


Daniel  Webster,3  Boston. 
Rufus  Choate,4  Boston. 


SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


Abbott  Lawrence,7  Boston. 
Robert  C.  Winthrop,8  Boston. 
Leverett  Saltonstall,  Salem. 
Caleb  Gushing,  Newburyport. 
William  Parmenter,  East  Cambridge. 
Levi  Lincoln,  Worcester. 
James  C.  Alvord,9  Greenfield. 


John  Davis,5  Worcester. 
Isaac  C.  Bates,6  Northampton. 


Osmyn  Baker,10  Amherst. 
George  N.  Briggs,  Lanesboro. 
William  B.  Calhpun,  Springfield. 
William  S.  Hastings,  Mendon. 
Henry  Williams,  Taunton. 
John  Reed,  Yarmouth. 
John  Quincy  Adams,  Quincy. 


MICHIGAN. 


SENATORS. 


John  Norvell,  Detroit. 


Augustus  S.  Porter,  Detroit. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 

Isaac  E.  Crary,  Marshall. 
MISSISSIPPI. 

SENATORS. 

Robert  J.  Walker,  Madisonville. 


John  Henderson,  Pass  Christian. 


Albert  G.  Brown,  Gallatin. 


Jacob  Thompson,  Pontotoc. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 

MISSOURI. 

SENATORS. 

Thomas  H.  Benton,  St.  Louis.  Lewis  F.  Linn,  St.  Genevieve. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 


Albert  G.  Harrison,11  Fulton. 
John  Jameson,12  Fulton. 


John  Miller,  Conners  Mills. 


NEW  HAMPSHIRE. 


SENATORS. 


Henry  Hubbard,  Charlestown. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


Charles  G.  Atherton,  Nashua. 
Edmund  Burke,  Newport. 
Ira  A.  Eastman,  Gilmanton. 


Franklin  Pierce,  Concord. 


Tristram  Shaw,  Exeter. 
Jared  W.  Williams,  Lancaster. 


»  Died  October  29,  1840. 

2  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  death  of  John  S.  Spence, 
and  took  his  seat  January  13, 1841. 
s  Resigned  February  22,  1841. 

4  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  Daniel  Web- 
ster, and  took  his  seat  March  1, 1841. 

5  Resigned  January  5,  1841. 

6  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  John  Davis, 
and  took  his  seat  January  21, 1841. 

'  Resigned  September  18,  1840. 


"  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  Abbott 
Lawrence,  and  took  his  seat  December  7,  1840. 

s  Died  September  27,  1839,  before  the  assembling  of  the 
Congress. 

10  Elected  to  fin  vacancy  caused  by  death  of  James  C.  Alvord, 
and  took  his  seat  January  14,  1840. 

11  Died  September  7,  1839. 

12  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  death  of  Albert  G.  Har- 
rison, and  took  his  seat  December  12,  1839. 


TWENTY-SIXTH   CONGEESS. 


153 


NEW   JERSEY. 


SENATORS. 


Samuel  L.  Southard,  Trenton. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


William  R.  Cooper,1  Swedesboro. 
Philemon  Dickerson,1  Paterson. 
Joseph  Kille,1  Salem. 


Silas  Wright,  jr.,  Canton. 


NEW   YORK. 


SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


Thomas  B.  Jackson,  Newtown. 
James  De  la  Montanya,  Haverstraw. 
Ogden  Hoffman,  New  York. 
Edward  Curtis,  New  York. 
Moses  H.  Grinnell,  New  York. 
James  Munroe,  New  York. 
Gouverneur  Kemble,  Cold  Spring. 
Charles  Johnston,  Poughkecpsie. 
Nathaniel  Jones,  Warwick. 
Rufus  Palen,  Fallsburg. 
Aaron  Vanderpoel,  Kinderhook. 
John  Ely,  Coxsackie. 
Hiram  P.  Hunt,  Troy. 
Daniel  D.  Barnard,  Albany. 
Anson  Brown,2  Ballston. 
Nicholas  B.  Doe,3  Waterford. 
David  Russell,  Salem. 
Augustus  C.  Hand,  Elizabeth  town. 
John  Fine,  Ogdensburg^ 
Peter  J.  Wagner,  Fort  Plain. 
Andrew  W.  Doig,  Lowville. 


Garret  D.  Wall,  Burlington. 


Joseph  F.  Randolph,  New  Brunswick. 
Daniel  B.  Ryall,1  Freehold. 
Peter  D.  Vroom,1  Somerville. 


Nathaniel  P.  Tallmadge,  Poughkeepsie. 


John  G.  Floyd,  Utica. 
David  P.  Brewster,  Oswego. 
Thomas  C.  Chittenden,  Adams. 
John  H.  Prentiss,  Cooperstown. 
Judson  Allen,  Harpers  ville. 
John  C.  Clarke,  Bainbridge. 
Stephen  B.  Leonard,  Owego. 
Amasa  Dana,  Ithaca. 
Edward  Rogers,  Madison-. 
Nehemiah  H.  Earl,  Syracuse. 
Christopher  Morgan,  Aurora. 
Theron  R.  Strong,  Palmyra. 
Francis  Granger,  Canandaigua. 
Meredith  Mallory,  Hammondeport. 
Thomas  Kempshall,  Rochester. 
Seth  M.  Gates,  Leroy. 
Luther  C.  Peck,  Pike. 
Richard  P.  Marvin,  Jamestown. 
Millard  Fillmore,  Buffalo. 
Charles  F.  Mitchell,  Lockport. 


NORTH   CAROLINA. 


SENATORS. 


Bedford  Brown,4  Browns  Store. 
Willie  P.  Mangum,5  Red  Mountain. 


REPRESENTATIVES . 


Kenneth  Rayner,  Winton. 
Jesse  A.  Bynurn,  Halifax. 
Edward  Stanly,  Washington. 
Charles  Shepard,  Newbern. 
James  J.  McKay,  Elizabethtown. 
Micajah  T.  Hawkins,  Warrenton. 
Edmund  Deberry,  Lawrence  ville. 


Robert  Strange,4  Fayetteville. 
William  A.  Graham,6  Hillsboro. 


William  Montgomery,  Albrights. 
John  Hill,  German  town. 
Charles  Fisher,  Salisbury. 
Henry  W.  Conner,  Sherrells  Ford. 
James  Graham,  Rutherford  ton. 
Lewis  Williams,  Panther  Creek. 


OHIO. 


William  Allen,  Chillicothe. 


SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


Alexander  Duncan,  Cincinnati. 
John  B.  Weller,  Hamilton. 
Patrick  G.  Goode,  Sidney. 
Thomas  Corwin,4  Lebanon. 
Jeremiah  Morrow,7  Twentymile  Stand. 
William  Doan,  Withamsville. 
Calvary  Morris,  Athens. 
William  Key  Bond,  Chillicothe. 
Joseph  Ridgway,  Columbus. 
William  Medill,  Lancaster. 


Benjamin  Tappan,  Steubenville. 


Samson  Mason,  Springfield. 
Isaac  Parrish,  Cambridge. 
Jonathan  Taylor,  Newark. 
Daniel  P.  Leadbetter,  Millersburg. 
George  Sweeny,  Bucyrus. 
John  W.  Allen,  Cleveland. 
Joshua  R.  Giddings,  Jefferson. 
John  Hastings,  Salem. 
David  A.  Starkweather,  Canton. 
Henry  Swearingen,  Smithfield. 


1  Election  unsuccessfully  contested:  took  his  seat  March  10, 
1840. 

2  Died  June  14,  1840. 


5  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  Bedford 
Brown,  and  took  his  seat  December  9,  1840. 

Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  Robert 


3  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  death  of  Anson  Brown,       Strange,  and  took  his  seat  December  10,  1840. 


and  took  his  seat  December  7, 1840. 
«  Resigned  February  22,  1840,  to  take  effect  May  1, 1840. 


^  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  Thomas 
Corwin,  and  took  his  seat  December  7, 1840. 


154 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 


PENNSYLVANIA. 


James  Buchanan,  Lancaster. 


SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


Lemuel  Paynter,  Philadelphia. 
John  Sergeant,  Philadelphia. 
George  W.  Toland,  Philadelphia. 
Charles  Nay  lor,1  Philadelphia. 
Edward  Davies,  Church  town. 
John  Edwards,  Ivy  Mills. 
Francis  James,  West  Chester. 
Joseph  Fornance,  Nprristown. 
John  Davis,  Davisville. 
David  D.  Wagener,  Easton. 
Peter  Newhard,  Allentown. 
George  M.  Keim,  Reading. 
William  Simonton,  Hummelstown. 
James  Gerry,  Shrewsbury. 
James  Cooper,  Gettysburg. 
William  S.  Ramsey,2  Carlisle. 


Daniel  Sturgeon,  L'niontown. 

Charles  McClure,3  Carlisle. 
William  W.  Potter,4  Philadelphia. 
George  McCulloch,5  Center  Line. 
David  Petrikin,  Danville. 
Robert  H.  Hammond,  Milton. 
Samuel  W.  Morris,  Wellsboro. 
Charles  Ogle,  Somerset. 
Albert  G.  Marchand,  Greensburg. 
Enos  Hook,  Waynesburg. 
Isaac  Leet,  Washington. 
Richard  Biddle,6  Pittsburgh. 
Henry  M.  Breckenridge,7  Tarentum. 
William  Beatty,  Butler. 
Thomas  Henry,  Beaver. 
John  Galbraith,  Erie. 


RHODE  ISLAND. 

SENATORS. 

Nehemiah  R.  Knight,  Providence.  Nathan  F.  Dixon,  Westerly. 

REPRESENTATIVES . 

Robert  B.  Cranston,  Newport.  Joseph  L.  Tillinghast,  Providence. 

SOUTH   CAROLINA. 


John  C.  Calhoun,  Fort  Hill. 

Samson  H.  Butler,  Barn  well. 
John  Campbell,  Parnassus. 
John  K.  Griffin,  Newberry. 
Isaac  E.  Holmes,  Charleston. 
Francis  W.  Pickens,  Edgefield. 


SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


William  C.  Preston,  Columbia. 


R.  Barnwell  Rhett,  Blue  House. 
James  Rogers,  Maybinton. 
Thomas  D.  Sumter,  Slatesburg. 
Waddy  Thompson,  jr.,  Greenville. 


TENNESSEE. 


SENATORS. 


Hugh  L.  White,8  Knoxville. 
Alexander  Anderson,9  Knoxville. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


William  B.  Carter,  Elizabethton. 
Abraham  McClellan,  Blountsville. 
Joseph  L.  Williams,  Knoxville. 
Julius  W.  Blackwell,  Athens. 
Hopkins  L.  Turney,  Winchester. 
William  B.  Campbell,  Carthage. 
John  Bell,  Nashville. 


Samuel  Prentiss,  Montpelier. 

Hiland  Hall,  Bennington. 
William  Slade,  Middlebury. 
Horace  Everett,  Windsor. 


VERMONT. 


SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


Felix  Grundy,10  Nashville. 

Alfred  O.  P.  Nicholson,11  Columbia. 


Meredith  P.  Gentry,  Harpeth. 
Harvey  M.  Watterson,  Shelby ville. 
Aaron  V.  Brown,  Pulaski. 
Cave  Johnson,  Clarksville. 
John  W.  Crockett,  Trenton. 
Christopher  II.  Williams,  Lexington. 


Samuel  S.  Phelps,  Middlebury. 

John  Smith,  St.  Albans. 
Isaac  Fletcher,  Lyndon. 


1  Election  unsuccessfully  contested  by  Charles  J.  Ingersoll. 

2  Died  October  17, 1840. 

3  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  death  of  William  S. 
Ramsey,  and  took  his  seat  December  7, 1840. 

4  Died  October  28, 1839,  before  the  assembling  of  the  Con- 
gress. 

6  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  death  of  William  W. 
Potter,  and  took  his  seat  December  2,  1839. 

6  Resigned  in  1840. 

7  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  Richard 
Biddle,  and  took  his  seat  December.  10,  1840. 


8  Resigned  January  13,  1840. 

9  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  Hugh  L. 
White,  and  took  his  seat  Februarv  2('i,  1840. 

10  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  Ephraim 
H.  Foster  in  preceding  Congress,  and  took  his  seat  January  3, 
1840;  vacancy  in  this  class  from  March  4,  1839,  to  December 
14,  1839;  died  December  19,  1840. 

11  Appointed  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  death  of  Felix  Grundy, 
and  took  his  seat  January  11, 1841. 


TWENTY-SIXTH   CONGRESS.  155 

VIRGINIA. 

SENATORS. 

William  C.  Rives,1  Lindseys  Store.  William  H.  Roane,  Richmond. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

Linn  Banks,  Madison.  Robert  M.  T.  Hunter,  Lloyds. 

Andrew  Beirne,  Union.  John  W.  Jones,  Petersburg. 

John  M.  Botts,  Richmond.  William  Lucas,  Charlestown. 

Walter  Coles,  Robertsons  Store.  Charles  F.  Mercer,4  Aldie. 

Robert  Craig,  Christiansburg.  William  M.  McCarty,6  Alexandria. 

George  C.  Dromgoole,  Gaston.  Francis  E.  Rives,  Littleton. 

James  Garland,  Lovingston.  Green  B.  Samuels,  Woodstock. 

William  L.  Goggin,  Liberty.  Lewis  Steenrod,  Wheeling. 

John  Hill,  Buckingham.  John  Taliaferro,  Fredericksburg. 

Joel  Holleman,2  Burwell  Bay.  Henry  A.  Wise,  Accomac. 
Francis  Mallory,3  Hampton. 
George  W.  Hopkins,  Lebanon. 
Joseph  Johnson,  Bridgeport. 

TERRITORY   OF  FLORIDA. 

DELEGATE. 

• 

Charles  Downing,  St.  Augustine. 
TERRITORY  OF  IOWA. 

DELEGATES. 

William  W.  Chapman,  Burlington.  Augustus  C.  Dodge,6  Burlington. 

TERRITORY  OF  WISCONSIN. 

DELEGATE. 

James  D.  Doty,  Ash  ton. 

1  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  expiration  of  his  preced-         «  Resigned  December  26,  1839. 

ing  term.  March  3, 1839,  and  took  his  seat  January  30, 1841;         5  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  Charles  F. 
vacancy  in  this  class  from  March  4, 1839,  to  January  18,  1841.      Mercer,  and  took  his  seat  January  25,  1840. 

2  Resigned  in  1840.  •  Took  his  seat  December  8, 1840. 

3  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  Joel  Holle- 
man, and  took  his  seat  January  7,  1841. 


TWENTY-SEVENTH  CONGRESS. 


MARCH  4,  1841,  TO  MARCH  3,  1843. 


FIRST  SESSION,  May  31,  1841,  to  September  13,  1841.  SECOND  SESSION,  December  6, 
1841,  to  August  31,  1842.  THIRD  SESSION,  December  5,<  1842,  to  March  3,  1843. 
SPECIAL  SESSION  OF  THE  SENATE,  March  4,  1841,  to  March  15,  1841. 


VICE-PRESIDENT— John  Tyler,1  of  Virginia.  PRESIDENTS  OF  THE  SENATE  PRO  TEM- 
PORE — William  R.  King,2  of  Alabama;  Samuel  L.  Southard,3  of  New  Jersey;  Willie  P.  Mangum,4  of 
North  Carolina.  SECRETARY  OF  THE  SENATE— Asbury  Dickens,  of  North  Carolina. 

SPEAKER  OF  THE  HOUSE— John  White,  of  Kentucky.  CLERK  OF  THE  HOUSE— Matthew 
St.  Clair  Clarke,  of  Pennsylvania. 


William  R.  King,  Selma. 


ALABAMA. 


SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


Reuben  Chapman,  Somerville. 
George  S.  Houston,  Athens. 
Dixon  H.  Lewis,  Lowndesboro. 


Clement  C.  Clay,5  Huntsville. 
Arthur  P.  Bagby,6  Tuscaloosa. 


William  W.  Payne,  Gainesville. 
Benjamin  G.  Shields,  Demopolis. 


ARKANSAS. 

SENATORS. 

William  S.  Fulton,  Little  Rock.  Ambrose  H.  Sevier,  Lake  Port. 

REPRESENTATIVE. 

Edward  Cross,  Washington. 
CONNECTICUT. 


Perry  Smith,  New  Milford. 


SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


Joseph  Trumbull,  Hartford. 
William  W.  Boardman,  New  Haven. 
Thomas  W.  Williams,  New  London. 


DELAWARE. 


SENATORS. 


Richard  H.  Bayard,  Wilmington. 


Jabez  W.  Huntington,  Norwich. 


Thomas  B.  Osborne,  Fairneld. 
Truman  Smith,  Litchfield. 
John  H.  Brockway,  Ellington. 


Thomas  Clayton,  New  Castle 


REPRESENTATIVE. 


George  B.  Rodney,  New  Castle. 


1  President  on  the  death  of  William  Henry  Harrison  (April 
4,  1841). 

2  Elected  March  4, 1841  (special  session  of  the  Senate). 


Elected  May  31,  1842. 
Resigned  in  1841. 
6  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  Clement. 


Elected  March  11,  1841*   (special  session  of  the  Senate);      C.  Clay,  and  took  his  seat  December  27, 1841. 
resigned  as  President  pro  tern  pore  May  31, 1842. 

156 


TWENTY-SEVENTH   CONGRESS. 


157 


Alfred  Cuthbert,  Monticello. 


GEORGIA. 

SENATORS. 
REPRESENTATIVES. 


Julius  C.  Alford,1  Lagrange. 
Edward  J.  Black,2  Jacksonboro. 
Walter  T.  Colquitt,3  Columbus. 
Mark  A.  Cooper,3  Columbus. 
William  C.  Dawson,1  Greensboro. 
Thomas  F.  Foster,  Columbus. 


Richard  M.  Young,  Quincy. 

John  Reynolds,  Belleville. 
Zadok  Casey,  Mount  Vernon. 


ILLINOIS. 

SENATORS. 
REPRESENTATIVES. 

INDIANA. 

SENATORS. 


Oliver  H.  Smith,  Indianapolis. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


George  H.  Promt,  Petersburg. 
Richard  W.  Thompson,  Bedford. 
Joseph  L.  White,  Madison. 
James  H.  Cravens,  Marion. 


J.  Macpherson  Berrien,  Savannah. 

Roger  L.  Gamble,  Louisville. 
Richard  W.  Habershani,4  Clarkesville. 
George  W.  Crawford,5  Augusta. 
Thomas  Butler  King,  Waynesville. 
James  A.  Meri  wether,  Eden  ton. 
Eugenius  A.  Nisbet,1  Macon. 
Lott  Warren,  Palmyra. 


Samuel  McRoberts,  Danville. 
John  T.  Stuart,  Springfield. 

Albert  S.  White,  Lafayette. 


Andrew  Kennedy,  Muncietown. 
David  Wallace,  Indianapolis. 
Henry  S.  Lane,  Crawfordsville. 


KENTUCKY. 


SENATORS. 


Henry  Clay,6  Lexington. 
John  J.  Crittenden/ Frankfort. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

Linn  Boyd,  Belleview. 

Philip  Triplett,  Owensboro. 

Joseph  R.  Underwood,  Bowling  Green. 

Bryan  Y.  Owsley,  Jamestown. 

John  B.  Thompson,  Harrodsburg. 

Willis  Green,  Green. 

John  Pope,  Springfield. 

LOUISIANA. 


SENATORS. 


Alexander  Mouton,8  Vermilion ville. 
Charles  M.  Conrad,9  New  Orleans. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


Edward  D.  White,  Thibodeauxville. 
John  B.  Dawson,  St.  Francisville. 


Reuel  Williams,  Augusta. 


MAINE. 


SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES . 


Elisha  H.  Allen,  Bangor. 
David  Bronson,  Anson. 
Nathan  Clifford,  Newfield. 
William  P.  Fessenden,  Portland. 


James  T.  Morehead,  Covington. 


James  C.  Sprigg,  Shelby  ville. 
John  White,  Richmond. 
Thomas  F.  Marshall,  Versailles. 
Landaff  W.  Andrews,  Flemingsburg. 
Garrett  Davis,  Paris. 
William  O.  Butler,  Carrollton. 


Alexander  Barrow,  Baton  Rouge. 


John  Moore,  Franklin. 


George  Evans,  Gardiner. 

Nathaniel  S.  Littlefield,  Bridgeton. 
Joshua  A.  Lowell,10  East  Machias. 
Alfred  Marshall,  China. 
Benjamin  Randall,  Bath. 


1  Resigned  in  1842. 

2  Elected  at  large  to  fill,  in  part,  vacancies  caused  by  resig- 
nations of  Julius  C.  Alford ,  William  C.  Dawson,  and  Eugenius  A. 
Nisbet,  and  took  his  seat  March  2, 1842. 

3  Elected  at  large  to  fill,  in  part,  vacancies  caused  by  resig- 
nationsof  JuliusC.  Alford,  William  C.  Dawson,  and  Eugenius  A. 
Nisbet,  and  took  his  seat  February  1, 1842. 

<  Died  December  2, 1842. 

6  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  death  of  Richard  W. 
Habersham,  and  took  his  seat  February  1, 1843. 


<<  Resigned  March  31, 1842. 

7  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  Henry 
Clay  and  took  his  seat  March  31,  1842. 

8  Resigned  March  1, 1842. 

9  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  Alexander 
Mouton,  and  took  his  seat  April  14/1842. 

10  Election  unsuccessfully  protested  by  sundry  citizens  of 
Maine. 


158 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 


MARYLAND. 

SENATORS. 


William  D.  Merrick,  Aliens  Fresh. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


Isaac  D.  Jones,  Princess  Anne. 
Jamea  A.  Pearce,  Chestertown. 
James  W.  Williams,1  Churchville. 
Charles  S.  Sewall,2  Elkton. 
John  P.  Kennedy,  Baltimore. 


John  L.  Kerr,  Easton. 


Alexander  Randall,  Annapolis. 
William  Cost  Johnson,  Jefferson. 
John  T.  Mason,  Hagerstown. 
Augustus  R.  Sellers,  Prince  Frederic. 


MASSACHUSETTS. 


Isaac  C.  Bates,  Northampton. 


SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


Robert  C.  Winthrop,3  Boston. 
Nathan  Appleton,4  Boston. 
Leverett  Saltonstall,  Salem. 
Caleb  Gushing,  Newburyport. 
William  Parmenter,  East  Cambridge. 
Charles  Hudson,  Westminster. 
Osmyn  Baker,  Amherst. 


Rufus  Choate,  Boston. 


George  N.  Briggs,  Lanesboro. 
William  B.  Calhpun,  Springfield. 
William  S.  Hastings,5  Mendon. 
Nathaniel  B.  Borden,  Fall  River. 
Barker  Burn  ell,  Nan  tucket. 
John  Quincy  Adams,  Quincy. 


MICHIGAN. 

SENATORS. 

Augustus  S.  Porter,  Detroit.  William  Woodbridge,  Detroit. 

REPRESENTATIVE. 

Jacob  M.  Howard,  Detroit. 
MISSISSIPPI. 

SENATORS. 

Robert  J.  Walker,  Madisonville.  John  Henderson,  Pass  Christian. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

William  M.  Gwin,  Vicksburg.  Jacob  Thompson,  Oxford. 

MISSOURI. 

SENATORS. 

Thomas  H.  Benton,  St.  Louis.  Lewis  F.  Linn,  St.  Genevieve. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

John  C.  Edwards,  Jefferson  City.  John  Miller,  Conners  Mills. 


NEW  HAMPSHIRE. 


Franklin  Pierce,6  Concord. 
Leonard  Wilcox,7  Oxford. 


Charles  G.  Atherton,  Nashua. 
Edmund  Burke,  Newport. 
Ira  A.  Eastman,  Gilmanton. 


SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


Levi  Woodbury,  Portsmouth. 


John  R.  Reding,  Haverhill. 
Tristram  Shaw,  Exeter. 


1  Died  December  2,  1842. 

2  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  death  of  James  W.  Wil- 
liams, and  took  his  seat  January  7,  1843. 

3  Resigned  May  25,  1842;  subsequently  elected  to  fill  vacancy 
caused  by  resignation  of  Nathan   Appleton,  who  had  been 
elected  as  his  successor,  but  who  in  turn  resigned  in  1842; 
took  his  seat  for  a  second  time  December  5, 1842. 


4  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  Robert  C. 
Winthrop,  and  took  his  seat  June  9,  1842;  resigned  Septem- 
ber 28,  1842. 

5  Died  June  17,  1842. 

6  Resigned  February  28,  1842. 

7  Appointed  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  Franklin 
Pierce,  and  took  his  seat  March,  7, 1842;  subsequently  elected. 


TWENTY-SEVENTH    CONGRESS. 
NEW   JERSEY. 


159 


SENATORS. 


Samuel  L.  Southard,1  Trenton. 
William  L.  Dayton,2  Trenton. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


John  B.  Aycrigg,  Pyramus. 
William  Halstead,  Trenton. 
John  P.  B.  Maxwell,  Belvidere. 


Silas  Wright,  jr.,  Canton. 


NEW   YORK. 


SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


Charles  A.  Floyd,  Commack. 
Joseph  Egbert,  Tompkinsville. 
John  McKeon,  New  York. 
James  I.  Roosevelt.  New  York. 
Fernando  Wood,  New  York. 
Charles  G.  Ferris,  New  York. 
Aaron  Ward,  Mount  Pleasant. 
Richard  D.  Davis,  Poughkeepsie. 
James  G.  Clinton,  Newburg. 
John  Van  Buren,  Kingston. 
Robert  McClellan,  Hudson. 
Jacob  Houck,  jr.,  Schoharie. 
Hiram  P.  Hunt,  Troy. 
Daniel  D.  Barnard,  Albany. 
Archibald  L.  Linn,  Schenectady. 
Barnard  Blair,  Salem. 
Thomas  A.  Tomlinson,  Keeseville. 
Henry  Van  Rensselaer,  Ogdensburg. 
John  Sanford,  Amsterdam. 
Andrew  W.  Doig,  Lowville. 
John  G.  Floyd,  Utica. 


Jacob  W.  Miller,  Morristown. 


Joseph  F.  Randolph,  New  Brunswick. 
Charles  C.  Stratton,  Swedesboro. 
Thomas  Jones  Yorke,  Salem. 


Nathaniel  P.  Tallmadge, Poughkeepsie. 


David  P.  Brewster,  Oswego. 
Thomas  C.  Chittenden,  Adams. 
Samuel  S.  Bowne,  Cooperstown. 
Samuel  Gordon,  Delhi. 
John  C.  Clarke,  Bainbridge. 
Lewis  Riggs,  Homer. 
Samuel  Partridge,  Elmira. 
Victory  Birdseye,  Pompey. 
A.  Lawrence  Foster,  Morrisville. 
Christopher  Morgan,  Aurora. 
John  Maynard,  Seneca  Falls. 
John  Greig,3  Canandaigua. 
Francis  Granger,4  Canandaigua. 
William  M.  Oliver,  Penn  Yan. 
Timothy  Childs,  Rochester. 
Seth  M.  Gates,  Leroy. 
John  Young,  Geneseo. 
Staley  N.  Clarke,  Ellicottsville. 
Millard  Fillmore,  Buffalo. 
Alfred  Babcock,  Baines. 


NORTH   CAROLINA. 


SENATORS. 


Willie  P.  Mangum,  Red  Mountain. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


Kenneth  Rayner,  Win  ton. 
John  R.  J.  Daniel,  Halifax. 
Edward  Stanly,  Washington. 
William  H.  Washington,  Newbern. 
James  J.  McKay,  Elizabeth  town. 
Archibald  H.  Arlington,  Hilliardston. 
Edmund  Deberry,  Lawrenceville. 


William  A.  Graham,  Hillsboro. 


Romulus  M.  Saunders,  Raleigh. 
Augustine  H.  Shepperd,  Salem. 
Abraham  Rencher,  Pittsboro. 
Green  W.  Caldwell,  Charlotte. 
James  Graham,  Rutherford  ton. 
Lewis  Williams,5  Panther  Creek. 
Anderson  Mitchell,6  Wilkesboro. 


OHIO. 


William  Allen,  Chillicothe. 


SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


Nathaniel  G.  Pendletpn,  Cincinnati. 
John  B.  Weller,  Hamilton. 
Patrick  G.  Goode,  Sidney. 
Jeremiah  Morrow,  Twentymile  Stand. 
William  Doan,  Withamsville. 
Calvary  Morris,  Athens. 
WTilliam  Russell,  Portsmouth. 
Joseph  Ridgway,  Columbus. 
William  Medill,  Lancaster. 
Samson  Mason,  Springfield. 


Benjamin  Tappan,  Steubenville. 


Benjamin  S.  Cowen,  St.  Clairsville. 
Joshua  Mathiot,  Newark. 
James  Mathews,  Coshocton. 
George  Sweeny.  Bucyrus. 
Sherlock  J.  Andrews,  Cleveland. 
Joshua  R.  Giddings,7  Jefferson. 
John  Hastings,  Salem. 
Ezra  Dean,  Wooster. 
Samuel  Stokely,  Steubenville. 


1  Died  June  20, 1842. 

2  Appointed  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  death  of  Samuel  L. 


Southard,  and  took  his  seat  July  6,  1842;  subsequently  elected,     and  took  his  seat  April  27,  1842. 


Died  February  23, 1842. 
6  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  death  of  Lewis  Williams, 


3  Resigned  September  25,  1841 


Resigned  March  22,  1842;  subsequently  elected  to  fill  va- 


4  Klected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  John  Greig,     cancy  caused  by  his  own  resignation,  and  took  his  seat  Decem- 


and  took  his  seat  December  7,  1841. 


ber  5,  1842. 


160 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 


PENNSYLVANIA. 


SENATORS. 


James  Buchanan,  Lancaster. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


Charles  Brown,  Philadelphia. 
John  Sergeant,1  Philadelphia. 
Joseph  R.  Ingersoll,2  Philadelphia. 
George  W.  Toland,  Philadelphia. 
Charles  J.  Ingersoll,  Philadelphia. 
Jeremiah  Brown,  Goshen. 
Francis  James,  West  Chester. 
John  Edwards,  Ivy  Mills. 
Joseph  Fornance,  Norristown. 
Robert  Ramsey,  Hartsville. 
John  Westbrook,  Dingmans  Ferry. 
Peter  Newhard,  Allen  town. 
George  M.  Keim,  Reading. 
William  Simon  ton,  Hummelstown. 
James  Gerry,  Shrewsbury. 
James  Cooper,  Gettysburg. 
Amos  Gustine,  Mimintown. 


Daniel  Sturgeon,  Union  town. 


James  Irvin,  Milesburg. 

Benjamin  A.  Bidlack,  Wilkes-Barre. 

John  Snyder,  Selinsgrove. 

Davis  Dimock,  jr.,3  Montrose. 

Almon  H.  Read,4  Montrose. 

Albert  G.  Marchand,  Greensburg. 

Enos  Hook,5  Waynesburg. 

Henry  W.  Beeson,6  Uniontown. 

Joseph  Lawrence,7  Washington. 

Thomas  M.  T.  Me Kennan,8  Washington. 

William  W.  Irwin,  Pittsburgh. 

William  Jack,  Brookville. 

Thomas  Henry,  Beaver. 

Arnold  Plumer,  Franklin. 

Charles  Ogle,9  Bedford. 

Henry  Black,10  Somerset. 

James  M.  Russell,11  Bedford. 


RHODE    ISLAND. 


James  F.  Simmons,  Providence. 


SENATORS. 

Nathan  F.  Dixon,12  Westerly. 
William  Sprague,13  Natick. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

Robert  B.  Cranston,  Newport.  Joseph  L.  Tillinghast,  Providence. 

SOUTH  CAROLINA. 


John  C.  Calhoun  14  Fort  Hill. 


SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


Samson  H.  Butler,17  Barn  well. 
Samuel  W.  Trotti,18  Barnwell. 
William  Butler,  Greenville. 
Patrick  C.  Caldwell,  Newberry. 
John  Campbell,  Parnassus. 


William  C.  Preston,15  Columbia. 
George  McDuffie,16  Edgefield. 


Isaac  E.  Holmes,  Charleston. 
Francis  W.  Pic  kens,  Edgefield. 
Robert  Barnwell  Rhett,  Blue  House. 
James  Rogers,  Maybinton. 
Thomas  D.  Sumter,  Statesburg. 


TENNESSEE. 


SENATORS. 


Alfred  O.  P.  Nicholson,  Columbia. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


Thomas  D.  Arnold,  Greenville. 
Abraham  McClellan,  Blountsville. 
Joseph  L.  Williams,  Knoxville. 
Thomas  J.  Campbell,  Athens. 
Hopkins  L.  Turney,  Winchester. 
William  B.  Campbell,  Carthage. 
Robert  L.  Caruthers,  Lebanon. 


Spencer  Jarnagin,  Athens. 


Meredith  P.  Gentry,  Harpeth. 
Harvey  M.  Watterson,  Shelbyville. 
Aaron  V.  Brown,  Pulaski. 
Cave  Johnson,  Clarksville. 
Milton  Brown,  Jackson. 
Christopher  H.  Williams,  Lexington. 


1  Resigned  September  15,  1841. 

2  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  John  Ser- 
geant, and  took  his  seat  December  9,  1841. 

3  Died  January  13,  1842. 

4  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  death  of  Davis  Dimock, 
jr.,  and  took  his  seat  March  18,  1842. 

&  Resigned  April  18,  1841. 

6  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  the  resignation  of  Enos 
Hook,  and  took  his  seat  May  31, 1841. 

7  Died  April  17,  1842. 

8  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  death  of  Joseph  Law- 
rence, and  took  his  seat  May  30, 1842. 

<>  Died  May  10,  1841. 


10  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  death  of  Charles  Ogle, 
and  took  his  seat  June  28,  1841;  died  November  28,  1841. 

11  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  death  of  Henry  Black, 
and  took  his  seat  January  3,  1842. 

2  Died  January  29,  1842. 

3  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  death  of  Nathan  F. 
D  xon,  and  took  his  seat  February  18,  1842. 

<  Resigned  March  3,  1843. 

5  Resigned  in  December,  1842. 

6  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  William  C. 
P  eston,  and  took  his  seat  January  3,  1843. 

7  Resigned  m  1842. 

8  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  Samson  H. 
Butler,  and  took  his  seat  December  17,  1842. 


TWENTY-SEVENTH   CONGRESS. 


161 


Samuel  S.  Phelps,  Middlebury. 


Hiland  Hall,  Bennington. 
William  Slade,  Middlebury. 
Horace  Everett,  Windsor. 


VERMONT. 

SENATORS. 
REPRESENTATIVES. 

VIRGINIA. 


.SENATORS. 


William  C.  Rives,,  Lindseys  Store. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


Francis  Mallory,  Hampton. 
George  B.  Gary,  Bethlehem. 
John  W.  Jones,  Petersburg. 
William  O.  Goode,  Boydton. 
Edmund  W.  Hubard,  Curdsville. 
Walter  Coles,  Robertsons  Store. 
William  L.  Goggin,  Otter  Bridge. 
Henry  A.  Wise,  Accomac. 
Robert  M.  T.  Hunter,  Lloyds. 
John  Taliaferro,  Fredericksburg. 
John  M.  Botts,  Richmond. 


Samuel  Prentiss,1  Montpelier. 
Samuel  C.  Crafts,2  Craftsbury. 


Augustus  Young,  Johnson. 
John  Mattocks,  Peacham. 


William  S.  Archer,  Elk  Hill. 


Thomas  W.  Gilmer,  Charlottesville. 
Linn  Banks,3  Madison. 
William  Smith,4  Culpeper. 
Cuthbert  Powell,  Upperville. 
Richard  W.  Barton,  Winchester. 
William  A.  Harris,  Luray. 
Alexander  H.  H.  Stuart,  Staunton. 
George  W.  Hopkins,  Lebanon. 
George  W.  Summers,  Kanawha. 
Samuel  L.  Hays,  Stuards  Creek. 
Lewis  Steenrod,  Wheeling. 


TERRITORY  OF  FLORIDA. 

DELEGATE. 

David  Levy,  St.  Augustine. 
TERRITORY  OF  IOWA. 

DELEGATE. 

Augustus  C.  Dodge,  Burlington. 
TERRITORY  OF  WISCONSIN. 

DELEGATE. 

Henry  Dodge,  Dodgeville. 


1  Resigned  April  11,  1842. 

2  Appointed  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  Samuel 
Prentiss.  and  took  his  seat  April  30, 1842;  subsequently  elected. 

3  Served  until  December  6,  1841;  succeeded  by  William 
Smith,  who  contested  his  election. 

50346°— S.  Doc.  654,  61-2 11 


4  Successfully  contested  the  election  of  Linn  Banks,  and 
took  his  seat  December  6,  1841. 


TWENTY-EIGHTH  CONGRESS. 


MARCH  4,  1843,  TO  MARCH  3,  1845. 


FIRST  SESSION— December  4,  1843,  to  June  17,  1844.    SECOND  SESSION— December  2, 

1844,  to  March  3,  1845. 


VICE  PRESIDENT.1 


-.  PRESIDENT  OF  THE  SENATE  PRO  TEMPORE— Willie  P.  Man- 


gum,  of  North  Carolina.     SECRETARY  OF  THE  SENATE — Asbury  Dickens,  of  North  Carolina. 

SPEAKER  OF  THE  HOUSE— John  W.  Jones,  of  Virginia.  SPEAKER  OF  THE  HOUSE 
FRO  TEMPORE— George  W.  Hopkins,2  of  Virginia.  CLERKS  OF  THE  HOUSE— Matthew  St. 
Clair  Clarke,  of  Pennsylvania;  Caleb  J.  McNulty,3  of  Ohio;  Benjamin  B.  French,4  of  New  Hampshire. 


William  R.  King,5  Selma. 
Dixon  H.  Lewis,6  Lowndesboro. 


ALABAMA. 


SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


James  Dellet,  Claiborne. 
James  E.  Belser,  Montgomery. 
Dixon  H.  Lewis,7  Lowndesboro. 
William  L.  Yancey,8  Wetumpka. 


Arthur  P.  Bagby,  Tuscaloosa. 


William  W.  Payne,  Gainesville. 
George  S.  Houston,  Athens. 
Reuben  Chapman,  Somerville. 
Felix  G.  McConnell,  Talladega. 


ARKANSAS. 


SENATORS. 

William  S.  Fulton,9  Little  Rock.  Ambrose  H.  Sevier,  Lake  Port. 

Chester  Ashley,10  Little  Rock. 

REPRESENTATIVE. 

Edward  Cross,  Washington. 
CONNECTICUT. 

SENATORS. 

Jabez  W.  Huntington,  Norwich.  John  M.  Niles,  Hartford. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


Thomaa  H.  Seymour,  Hartford. 
John  Stewart,  Middle  Haddam. 


George  S.  Catlin,  Windham. 
Samuel  Simons,  Bridgeport. 


DELAWARE. 


SENATORS. 


Richard  H.  Bayard,  Wilmington.  Thomas  Clayton,  New  Castle. 

REPRESENTATIVE . 

George  B.  Rodney,  New  Castle. 


1  John  Tyler  became  President  on  the  death  of  William 
Henry  Harrison  in  preceding  Congress. 

2  Elected  February  28,  1845. 
»  Elected  December  6, 1842. 

*  Elected  January  18,  1845. 

*  Resigned  April  15, 1844,  to  become  Minister  to  France. 

6  Appointed  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  William 
R.  King,  and  took  his  seat  May  7, 1844;  subsequently  elected. 

162 


7  Resigned  April  22, 1844,  having  been  appointed  Senator. 

8  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  Dixon  H. 
Lewis,  and  took  his  seat  December  2, 1844. 

»  Died  August  15, 1844. 

10  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  death  of  William  S.  Ful- 
ton, and  took  his  seat  December  4, 1844. 


TWENTY-EIGHTH   CONGRESS. 


163 


GEORGIA. 


J.  Macpherson  Berrien,  Savannah. 


SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


Edward  J.  Black,  Jacksonboro. 
Absalom  H.  Chappell,  Macon. 
Howell  Cobb,  Athens. 
Hugh  A.  Haralson,  Lagrange. 
William  H.  Stiles,  Cassville. 


Samuel  McRobert?,5  Danville. 
James  Semple,6  Alton. 


ILLINOIS. 


SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


Robert  Smith,  Upper  Alton. 
John  A.  McClernand,  Shawneetown. 
Orlando  B.  Ficklin,  Charleston. 
John  Wentworth,  Chicago. 


Albert  S.  White,  La  Fayette. 


INDIANA. 


SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


Robert  D.  Owen,  New  Harmony. 
Thomas  J.  Henley,  New  Washington. 
Thomas  Smith,  Versailles. 
Caleb  B.  Smith,  Connersville. 
William  J.  Brown,  Indianapolis. 


Walter  T.  Colquitt,  Columbus. 


John  H.  Lumpkin,  Rome. 
John  Millen,1  Savannah. 
Duncan  L.  Clinch,2  St.  Maryg. 
Mark  A.  Cooper,3  Columbus. 
Alexander  H.  Stephens,4  Crawford ville. 


Sidney  Breese,  Carlyle. 


Stephen  A.  Douglas,  Quincy. 
Joseph  P.  Hoge,  Galena. 
John  J.  Hardin,  Jacksonville. 


Edward  A.  Hannegan,  Covington. 

John  W.  Davis,  Carlisle. 
Joseph  A.  Wright,  Rockville. 
John  Pettit,  La  Fayette. 
Samuel  C.  Sample,  South  Bend. 
Andrew  Kennedy,  Muncietown. 


KENTUCKY. 


SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


James  T.  Morehead,  Covington. 

Linn  Boyd,  Belleview. 
Willis  Green,  Green. 
Henry  Grider,  Bowling  Green. 
George  A.  Caldwell,  Columbia. 
James  W.  Stone,  Taylorsville. 


LOUISIANA. 

SENATORS, 

Alexander  Barrow,  Baton  Rouge. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

John  Slidell,  New  Orleans. 
Alc£e  Labranche,  New  Orleans. 
John  B.  Dawson,  St.  Francisville. 

MAINE. 


John  J.  Crittenden,  Frankfort. 

John  White,  Richmond. 

William  P.  Thomasson,  Louisville. 

Garrett  Davis,  Paris. 

Richard  French,  Mount  Sterling. 

John  W.  Tibbatts,  Newport. 


Henry  Johnson,7  New  River. 


Peter  E.  Bossier,8  Natchitoches. 
Isaac  E.  Morse,9  St.  Martinsville. 


Reuel  Williams,10  Augusta. 
John  Fairfield,11  Saco. 


SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


Joshua  Herrick,  Kennebunkport. 
Robert  P.  Dunlap,  Brunswick. 
Luther  Severance,  Augusta. 
Freeman  H.  Morse,  Bath. 


George  Evans,  Gardiner. 


Benjamin  White,12  Montville. 
Hannibal  Hamlin,13  Hampden. 
Shepard  Gary,13  Houlton. 


1  Died  October  15, 1843. 

2  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  death  of  John  Millen,  and 
took  his  seat  February  15, 1844. 

3  Resigned  in  1843. 

«  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  the  resignation  of  Mark 
A.  Cooper,  and  took  his  seat  December  4, 1843. 
'•  Died  March  27,  1843. 

6  Appointed  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  death  of  Samuel 
McRoberts,  and  took  his  seat  "December  4, 1843;  subsequently 
elected. 

7  Elected  for  term  beginning  March  4, 1843,  and  took  his  seat 
March  4,  1844.    Alexander  Porter  was  elected  for  this  term 
but  his  credentials  were  not  presented,  and  he  died  January 


23,  1844;  out  of  consideration  of  his  prior  service,  1833-1837, 
the  Senate  adopted  resolutions  and  adjourned  in  respect  to» 
his   memory    February  2,  1844;    vacancy  in  this  clas  from 
March  4, 1843,  to  February  12, 1844. 
«  Died  April  24, 1844. 

9  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  causedby  death  of  Peter  E.  Bossier, 
and  took  his  seat  December  2,  1844. 
'«  Resigned  in  1843. 

11  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  Reuel 
Williams,  and  took  his  seat  December  4, 1843. 
12  Took  his  seat  May  10,  1844. 
«  Took  his  seat  December  2, 1844. 


164  CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 

•     .     MARYLAND. 

SENATORS. 

William  D.  Merrick,  Aliens  Fresh.  James  A.  Pearce,  Chestertown. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

John  M.  S.  Causin,  Leonard  town.  John  P.  Kennedy,  Baltimore. 

Francis  Brengle,  Fredericktown.  Jacob  A.  Preston,  Perrymansville. 

John  Wethered,  Franklin.  Thomas  A.  Spence,  Snow  Hill. 

MASSACHUSETTS. 

SENATORS. 

Isaac  C.  Bates,  Northampton  Rufus  Choate,  Boston. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

Robert  C.  Winthrop,  Boston.  Barker  Burnell,3  Nantucket. 

Daniel  P.  King,  South  Danvers.  Julius  Rockwell,4  Pittsfield. 

Amos  Abbott,1  Andover.  John  Quincy  Adams,  Quincy. 

William  Parmenter,  East  Cambridge.  Henry  Williams,  Taunton. 

Charles  Hudson,  Westminster.  Joseph  Grinnell,  New  Bedford. 
Osmyn  Baker,2  Amherst. 

MICHIGAN. 

SENATORS. 

Augustus  S.  Porter,  Detroit.  William  Woodbridge,  Detroit. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

Robert  McClelland,  Monroe.  Lucius  Lyon,  Grand  Rapids. 

James  B.  Hunt,  Pontiac. 

MISSISSIPPI. 

SENATORS. 

Robert  J.  Walker,  Madisonville.  John  Henderson,  Pass  Christian. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

William  H.  Hammett,  Princeton.  Jacob  Thompson,  Oxford. 

Robert  W.  Roberts,  Hillsboro  Tilghman  M.  Tucker,4  Columbus. 

MISSOURI. 

SENATORS. 

Thomas  H.  Benton,  St.  Louis.  Lewis  F.  Linn,5  St.  Genevieve. 

David  R.  Atchison,6  Platte  City. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

Gustavus  M.  Bower,  Paris.  John  Jameson,  Fulton. 

James  B.  Bowlin,  St.  Louis.  James  H.  Relfe,  Caledonia. 

James  M.  Hughes,  Liberty. 

NEW  HAMPSHIRE. 

SENATORS. 

Levi  Woodbury,  Portsmouth.  Charles  G.  Atherton,  Nashua. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

Edmund  Burke,  Newport.  Moses  Norris,  jr.,  Pittsfield. 

John  P.  Hale,  Dover.  John  R.  Reding,  Haverhill. 

NEW  JERSEY. 

SENATORS.  ;i.  *. 

Jacob  W.  Miller,  Morristown.  William  L.  Dayton,  Trenton. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

Lucius  Q.  C.  Elmer,  Bridgeton.  Littleton  Kirkpatrick,  New  Brunswick. 

George  Sykes,  Mount  Holly.  William  Wright,  Newark. 

Isaac  G.  Farlee,  Flemington. 

»  Took  his  seat  February  15, 1844.  5  Died  October  3, 1843. 

s  Took  his  seat  January  22, 1844.  6  Appointed  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  death  of  i^ewis  F.  Linn, 

»  Died  June  15, 1843.  and  took  his  seat  December  4, 1843;  subsequently  elected. 
«  Took  his  seat  February  2, 1844. 


TWENTY-EIGHTH   CONGRESS. 
NEW   YORK. 


165 


Silas  Wright,  jr.,1  Canton. 
Henry  A.  Foster,2  Rome. 
John  A.  Dix,3  Albany. 


SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


Selah  B.  Strong,  Setauket. 
Henry  C.  Murphy,  Brooklyn. 
J.  Phillips  Phoenix,  New  York. 
William  B.  Maclay,  New  York. 
Moses  G.  Leonard,  New  York. 
Hamilton  Fish,  New  York. 
Joseph  H.  Anderson,  White  Plains. 
Richard  D.  Davis,  Poughkeepsie. 
James  G.  Clinton,  Newburg. 
Jeremiah  Russell,  Saugerties. 
Zadock  Pratt,  Prattsville. 
David  L.  Seymour,  Troy. 
Daniel  D.  Barnard,  Albany. 
Charles  Rogers,  Sandy  Hill. 
Lemuel  Stetson,  Keeseville. 
Chesselden  Ellis,  Waterford. 
Charles  S.  Benton,  Mohawk. 
Preston  King,  Ogdensburg. 


Nathaniel  P.  Tallmad^ 
Daniel  S.  Dickinson,5 '. 


3,4  Poughkeepsie. 
linghamton. 


Orville  Hungerford,  Watertown. 
Samuel  Beardsley,6  Utica. 
Levi  D.  Carpenter,7  Waterville. 
Jermiah  E.  Gary,  Cherry  Valley. 
Smith  M.  Purdy,  Norwich. 
Orville  Robinson,  Mexico. 
Horace  Wheaton,  Pompey. 
George  Rathbun,  Auburn. 
Amasa  Dana,  Ithaca. 
Byram  Green,  Sodus. 
Thomas  J.  Patterson,  Rochester. 
Charles  H.  Carroll,  Groveland  Center. 
William  S.  Hubbell,  Bath. 
Asher  Tyler,  Ellicottsville. 
William  A.  Moseley,  Buffalo. 
Albert  Smith,  Batavia. 
Washington  Hunt,  Lockport. 


NORTH  CAROLINA. 

SENATORS. 


Willie  P.  Mangum,  Red  Mountain. 


William  H.  Haywood,  Raleigh. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


Thomas  L.  Clingman,  Asheville. 
Daniel  M.  Barringer,  Concord. 
David  S.  Reid,  Reidsville. 
Edmund  Deberry,  Lawrenceville. 
Romulus  M.  Saunders,  Raleigh. 


James  J.  McKay,  Elizabeth  town. 
John  R.  J.  Daniel,  Halifax. 
Archibald  H.  Arlington,  Hilliardston. 
Kenneth  Rayner,  Win  ton. 


OHIO. 


William  Allen,  Chillicothe. 


SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


Alexander  Duncan,  Cincinnati. 
John  B.  Weller,  Hamilton. 
Robert  C.  Schenck,  Dayton. 
Joseph  Vance,  Urbana. 
Emery  D.  Potter,  Toledo. 
Henry  St.  John,  Tiffin. 
Joseph  J.  McDowell,  Hillsboro. 
John  J.  Vanmeter,  Piketon. 
Elias  Florence,  Circlesville. 
Heman  Allen  Moore,8  Columbus. 
Alfred  P.  Stone,9  Columbus. 
Jacob  Brinkerhoff,  Mansfield. 


Benjamin  Tappan,  Steubenville. 

" 

Samuel  F.  Vinton,  Gallipolis. 
Perley  B.  Johnson,  McConnellsville. 
Alexander  Harper,  Zanesville. 
Joseph  Morris,  Woodsfield. 
James  Mathews,  Coshocton. 
William  C.  McCauslen,  Steubenville. 
Ezra  Dean,  W'ooster. 
Daniel  R.  Tilden,  Ravenna. 
Joshua  R.  Giddings,  Jefferson. 
Henry  R.  Brinkerhoff,10  Plymouth. 
Edward  S.  Hamlin,11  Elyria. 


1  Resigned  December  1, 1844. 

2  Appointed  to  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  Silas 
Wright,  jr.,  and  took  his  seat  Deceml>er  9, 1844. 

3  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  Silas  Wright, 
jr. ,  and  took  his  seat  January  27,  1845. 

4  Resigned  June  17, 1844,  having  been  appointed  governor  of 
Wisconsin  Territory. 

6  Appointed  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  Nathaniel 
P.  Tallmadge,  and  took  his  seat  December  9, 1844;  subsequently 
elected. 


«  Resigned  March  f>,  1844. 

'  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  Samuel 
Beardsley,  and  took  his  seat  December  2, 1844. 

8  Died  April  3,  1844. 

s  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  death  of  Heman  Allen 
Moore,  and  took  his  seat  December  2, 1844. 

i«  Died  April  30, 1844. 

"  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  death  of  Henry  R.  Brink- 
erhoff, and  took  his  seat  December  2, 1844. 


166 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 


PENNSYLVANIA. 


James  Buchanan,  Lancaster. 


SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


Edward  Joy  Morris,  Philadelphia. 
Joseph  R.  Ingersoll,  Philadelphia. 
John  T.  Smith,  Philadelphia. 
Charles  J.  Ingersoll,  Philadelphia. 
Jacob  S.  Yost,  Pottstown. 
Michael  H.  Jenks,  Newtown. 
A.  R.  Mcllvaine,  Brandywine. 
Jeremiah  Brown,  Goshen. 
John  Ritter,  Reading. 
Richard  Brodhead,  Easton. 
Benjamin  A.  Bidlack,  Wilkes-Barre. 
Almon  H.  Read,1  Montrose. 
George  Fuller,2  Montrose. 
Henry  Frick,3  Milton. 


Daniel  Sturgeon,  Uniontown. 


James  Pollock,4  Milton. 
Alexander  Ramsey,  Harrisburg. 
Henry  Nes,  York. 
James  Black,  Newport. 
James  Irvin,  Milesburg. 
Andrew  Stewart,  Uniontown. 
Henry  D.  Foster,  Greensburg. 
John  Dickey,  Beaver. 
William  Wilkins,5  Pittsburgh. 
Cornelius  Darragh,6  Pittsburgh. 
Samuel  Hays,  Franklin. 
Charles  M.  Reed,  Erie. 
Joseph  Buffington,  Kittanning. 


RHODE    ISLAND. 


SENATORS. 


James  F.  Simmons,  Providence. 


William  Sprague,7  Natick. 
John  B.  Francis,8  Providence. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 

Henry  Y.  Cranston,  Newport.  Elisha  R.  Potter,  Kingston. 

SOUTH  CAROLINA. 


George  McDuffie,  Edgefield. 


SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


James  A.  Black,  Cherokee  Iron  Works. 
Richard  F.  Simpson,  Pendletonville. 
Joseph  A.  Woodward,  Winnsboro. 
John  Campbell,  Parnassus. 


Spencer  Jarnagin,  Athens. 


TENNESSEE. 


SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


Andrew  Johnson,  Greenville. 
William  T.  Senter,  Panther  Springs. 
Julius  W.  Blackwell,  Athens. 
Alvan  Cullom,  Livingston. 
George  W.  Jones,  Fayetteville. 
Aaron  V.  Brown,  Pulaski. 


Daniel  E.  Huger,9  Charleston. 


Armistead  Burt,  Abbeville. 
Isaac  E.  Holmes,  Charleston. 
R.  Barnwell  Rhett,  Blue  House. 


Ephraim  H.  Foster,  Nashville. 


David  W.  Dickinson,  Murfreesboro. 
Joseph  H.  Peyton,  Gallatin. 
Cave  Johnson,  Clarksville. 
John  B.  Ashe,  Brownsville. 
Milton  Brown,  Jackson. 


VERMONT. 


SENATORS. 

Samuel  S.  Phelps,  Middlebury.  William  Upham,  Montpelier. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 


Solomon  Foot,  Rutland. 
Jacob  Collamer,  Woodstock. 


George  P.  Marsh,  Burlington. 
Paul  Dillingham,  jr.,  Waterbury. 


i  Died  June  3, 1844. 

3  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  death  of  Almon  H.  Read, 
and  took  his  seat  December  2, 1844.' 
3  Died  March  1, 1844. 

*  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  death  of  Henry  Frick,  and 
took  his  seat  April  23,  1844. 

•  Resigned  February  14, 1844,  having  been  appointed  Secre- 
tary of  War. 


•  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  William 
Wilkins,  and  took  his  seat  March  26, 1844. 

i  Resigned  January  17,  1844. 

«  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  William 
Sprague,  and  took  his  seat  February  7,  1844. 

9  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  John  C.  Cal- 
houn,  in  preceding  Congres,  and  took  his  seat  December  7, 1843; 
resigned  March  3, 1845,  in  order  that  Mr.  Calhoun  might  return 
to  the  Senate. 


TWENTY-EIGHTH   CONGRESS. 


167 


VIRGINIA. 


SENATORS. 


William  C.  Rives,  Bentivoglio. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


Archibald  Atkinson,  Smithfield. 
George  C.  Dromgoole,  Summit. 
Walter  Coles,  Robertsons  Store. 
Edmund  W.  Hubard,  Curdsville. 
Thomas  W.  Gilmer,1  Charlottesville. 
William  L.  Goggin,2  Otter  Bridge. 
John  W.  Jones,3  Petersburg. 
Henry  A.  Wise,4  Accomac. 
Thomas  H.  Bayly,5  Accomac. 


William  S.  Archer,  Elk  Hill. 


Willoughby  Newton,  Hague. 
Samuel  Chilton,  Warrenton. 
William  Lucas,  Charlestown. 
William  Taylor,  Lexington. 
Augustus  A.  Chapman,  Union. 
George  W.  Hopkins,  Abingdon. 
George  W.  Summers,  Kanawha. 
Lewis  Steenrod,  Wheeling. 


TERRITORY  OF  FLORIDA.8 

DELEGATE. 

David  Levy,  St.  Augustine. 
TERRITORY  OF  IOWA. 

DELEGATE. 

Augustus  C.  Dodge,  Burlington. 
TERRITORY  OF  WISCONSIN. 

DELEGATE. 

Henry  Dodge,  Dodgeville. 


1  Election  unsuccessfully  contested  by  William  L.  Goggin; 
resigned  February  18, 1844. 

2  Unsuccessfully  contested  the  election  of  Thomas  W.  Gil- 
mer; subsequently  elected  to  flll  vacancy  caused  by  resignation 
of  Mr.  Gilmer,  and  took  his  seat  May  10, 1844. 


3  Election  unsuccessfully  contested  by  John  M.  Botts. 

4  Resigned  February  15, 1844. 

5  Elected  to  flll  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  Henry  A. 
Wise,  and  took  his  seat  May  6, 1844. 

« Raised  to  statehood  by  Act  of  March  3, 1845. 


TWENTY-NINTH  CONGRESS. 


MARCH  4,  1845,  TO  MARCH  3,  1847. 


FIRST  SESSION— December  1,  1845,  to  August  10,  1846.  SECOND  SESSION— December 
7,  1846,  to  March  3,  1847.  SPECIAL  SESSION  OF  THE  SENATE— March  4,  1845,  to 
March  20,  1845. 


VICE  PRESIDENT— George  M.  Dallas,  of  Pennsylvania.  PRESIDENTS  OF  THE 
SENATE  PRO  TEMPORE — Ambrose  H.  Sevier,1  of  Arkansas;  David  K.  Atchison,2  of  Missouri. 
SECRETARY  OF  THE  SENATE — Asbury  Dickens,  of  North  Carolina. 

SPEAKER  OF  THE  HOUSE— John  W.  Davis,  of  Indiana.  CLERK  OF  THE  HOUSE— 
Benjamin  B.  French,  of  New  Hampshire. 


ALABAMA. 


SENATORS. 


Arthur  P.  Bagby,  Tuscaloosa. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


Reuben  Chapman,  Somerville. 
Edmund  S.  Dargan,  Mobile. 
Henry  W.  Hilliard,  Montgomery. 
George  S.  Houston,  Athens. 


Dixon  H.  Lewis,  Lowndesboro. 


Felix  G.  McConnell,3  Talladega. 
Franklin  W.  Bowdon,4  Talladega. 
William  W.  Payne,  Gainesville. 
William  L.  Yancey,5  Wetumpka. 
James  L.  F.  Cottrell,6  Hayneville. 


ARKANSAS. 

SENATORS. 

Ambrose  H.  Sevier,  Lake  Port.  Chester  Ashley,  Little  Rock. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

Archibald  Yell,7  Fayetteville.  Thomas  W.  Newton,8  Little  Rock. 

CONNECTICUT. 


SENATORS. 


Jabez  W.  Huntington,  Norwich. 


John  M.  Niles,  Hartford. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 

James  Dixon,  Hartford.  John  A.  Rockwell,  Norwich. 

Samuel  D.  Hubbard,  Middletown.  Truman  Smith,  Litchfield. 

DELAWARE. 

SENATORS. 

Thomas  Clayton,  New  Castle.  John  M.  Clayton,  New  Castle. 

REPRESENTATIVE. 

John  W.  Houston,  Georgetown. 


1  Served  as  President  pro  tempore  one  day,  Saturday,  De- 
cember 27,  1845,  under  designation  by  the  Vice  President. 

*  Elected  August  8,  1846;  January  11,  1847;  March  3, 1847. 

s  Died  September  10,  1846. 

<  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  death  of  Felix  G.  McCon- 
nell, and  took  his  seat  December  7,  1846 

6  Resigned  September  ] ,  1846. 

168 


6  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  William  L. 
Yancey,  and  took  his  seat  December  7,  1846. 

7  Resigned  July  1, 1846,  having  been  appointed  colonel  in  the 
Army  in  Mexico. 

8  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  Archibald 
Yell,  and  took  his  seat  February  6,  1847. 


TWENTY-NINTH   CONGRESS. 
FLORIDA.1 

SENATORS. 

David  Levy  (Yulee),2  St.  Augustine. 


169 


James  D.  Westcott,  jr.,3  Tallahassee. 


Edward  C.  Cabell,4  Tallahassee. 


William  H.  Brockenbrough,5 Tallahassee. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 

GEORGIA. 

SENATORS. 

J.  Macpherson  Berrien,6  Savannah.  Walter  T.  Colquitt,  Columbus. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

Howell  Cobb,  Athens. 


Hugh  A.  Haralson,  Lagrange. 
Seaborn  Jones,  Columbus. 
Thomas  Butler  King,  Frederica. 
John  H.  Lumpkin,  Rome. 


Washington  Poe,7  Talbotton. 
George  W.  Towns,8  Talbotton. 
Alexander  H.  Stephens,  Crawfordville. 


step 
,  W; 


Sidney  Breese,  Carlyle. 


ILLINOIS. 

SENATORS. 
REPRESENTATIVES. 


Edward  D.  Baker,9  Springfield. 
John  Henry,10  Springfield. 
Stephen  A.  Douglas,  Quincy. 


Orlando  B.  Ficklin,  Charleston. 


gas, 
lin, 


Robert  Toombs,  Washington. 


James  Semple,  Alton. 


Joseph  P.  Hoge,  Galena. 
John  A.  McClernand,  Shawneetown. 
Robert  Smith,  Upper  Alton. 
John  Wentworth,  Chicago. 


INDIANA. 

SENATORS. 


Edward  A.  Hannegan,  Covington.  Jesse  D.  Bright,  Madison. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 


Charles  W.  Cathcart,  Laporte. 
John  W.  Davis,  Carlisle. 
Thomas  J.  Henley,  New  Washington. 
Andrew  Kennedy,  Muncietown. 
Edward  W.  McGaughey,  Greencastle. 


Robert  D.  Owen,  New  Harmony. 
John  Pettit,  La  Fayette. 
Caleb  B.  Smith,  Connersville. 
Thomas  Smith,  Versailles. 
William  W.  Wick,  Indianapolis. 


Vacant.12 


IOWA.11 

SENATORS. 
REPRESENTATIVES. 


S.  Clinton  Hastings,13  Bloomington. 


Vacant.12 


Shepherd  Leffler,13  Burlington. 


KENTUCKY. 


SENATORS. 


James  T.  Morehead,  Covington. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


Joshua  F.  Bell,  Danville. 
Linn  Boyd,  Cadiz. 
Garrett  Davis,  Paris. 
Henry  Grider,  Bowling  Green. 
John  P.  Martin,  Prestonburg. 


John  J.  Crittenden,  Frankfort. 


John  H.  McHenry,  Hartford. 
William  P.  Thomasson,  Louisville. 
John  W.  Tibbatts,  Newport. 
Andrew  Trumbo,  Owingsville. 
Bryan  R.  Young,  Elizabethtown. 


1  Admitted  as  a  State  into  the  Union  March  3, 1845. 

2  Took  his  seat  December  1, 1845;  term  to  expire,  as  deter- 
mined by  lot,  March  3, 1851.    On  January  12, 1846,  the  Senate 
ordered  the  surname  of  Yulee  to  be  added  to  the  name  of  the 
Senator  (David  Levy  Yulee),  in  conformity  with  an  act  of  the 
Legislature  of  Florida. 

a  Took  his  seat  December  1,  1845;  term  to  expire,  as  deter- 
mined by  lot,  March  3, 1849. 

*  Served  until  January  24,  1846;  succeeded  by  William  H. 
Brockenbrough,  who  contested  his  election. 

6  Successfully  contested  the  election  of  Edward  C.  Cabell,  and 
took  his  seat  January  24.  1846. 

•  Resigned  during  the  summer  of  1845,  to  accept  a  judicial 
appointment  in  Georgia;  was  reeleeted  to  fill  vacancy  caused 


by  his  resignation,  and  took  his  seat  December  8.  1845,  thus 
making  his  second  service  in  the  Senate  practically  continuous. 

7  Resigned  in  1845,  having  never  taken  his  seat. 

8  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  Washington 
Poe,  who  did  not  qualify .  and  took  his  seat  January  27, 1846. 

»  Resigned  December  24,  1846,  "to  take  eflect  January  15, 
1847,  or  sooner  if  successor  is  elected." 

10  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  Edward  D. 
Baker,  and  took  his  seat  February  5,  1847. 

»  Admitted  as  a  State  into  the  Union  December  28,  1846. 

12  The  Senators  did  not  take  their  seats  in  this  Congress. 

13  Took  his  seat  December  29, 1846. 


170 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 


LOUISIANA. 

SENATORS. 

Alexander  Barrow,1  Baton  Rouge. 
Pierre  Soule",2  New  Orleans. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

John  H.  Harmanson,  Simmsport. 
Isaac  E.  Morse,  St.  Martinsville. 
John  Slidell,3  New  Orleans. 


George  Evans,  Gardiner. 


MAINE. 


SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


Robert  P.  Dunlap,  Brunswick. 
Hannibal  Hamlin,  Hampden. 
John  D.  McCrate,  Wiscasset. 
Cullen  Sawtelle,  Norridgewock. 


Henry  Johnson,  New  River. 


Emile  La  Sere,4  New  Orleans. 
Bannon   G.  Thibodeaux,   Thibodeaux- 
ville. 


John  Fairfield,  Saco. 


John  F.  Scammon,  Saco. 
Luther  Severance,  Augusta. 
Hezekiah  Williams,  Castine. 


MARYLAND. 


James  A.  Pierce,  Chestertown. 


SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


John  G.  Chapman,  Port  Tobacco. 
Albert  Constable,  Perryville. 
William  F.  Giles,  Baltimore. 


Reverdy  Johnson,  Baltimore. 


Thomas  W.  Ligon,  Ellicotts  Mills. 
Edward  H.  Long,  Princess  Anne. 
Thomas  Perry,  Cumberland. 


MASSACHUSETTS. 


Isaac  C.  Bates,6  Northampton. 
John  Davis,6  Worcester. 

Amos  Abbott,  Andover. 
John  Quincy  Adams,  Quincy. 
George  Ashmun,  Springfield. 
Joseph  Grinnell,  New  Bedford. 
Artemas  Hale,  Bridgewater. 


SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


MICHIGAN. 


SENATORS. 


Daniel  Webster,  Boston. 


Charles  Hudson,  Westminster. 
Daniel  P.  King,  South  Danvers. 
Julius  Rockwell,  Pittsfield. 
Benjamin  Thompson,  Charlestown. 
Robert  C.  Winthrop,  Boston. 


William  Woodbridge,  Detroit.  Lewis  Cass,  Detroit. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

Robert  McClelland,  Monroe. 


John  S.  Chipman,  Centerville. 
James  B.  Hunt,  Pontiac. 


MISSISSIPPI. 


SENATORS. 


Robert  J.  Walker,7  Madisonville. 
Joseph  W.  Chalmers,8  Holly  Springs. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


Stephen  Adams,  Aberdeen. 
Jefferson  Davis,9  Warrentou. 
Henry  T.  Ellett.10 


Jesse  Speight,  Plymouth. 


Robert  W.  Roberts,  Hillsboro. 
Jacob  Thompson,  Oxford. 


1  Died  December  29, 1846. 

2  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  death  of  Alexander  Bar- 
row, and  took  his  seat  February  3,  1847. 

3  Resigned  November  10, 1845. 

«  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  John 
Slidell,  and  took  his  seat  January  29, 1846. 

&  Died  March  16, 1845. 

8  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  death  of  Isaac  C.  Bates, 
and  took  his  seat  December  1, 1845. 


7  Resigned  March  5,  1845,  having  been  appointed  Secretary 
of  the  Treasury. 

8  Appointed  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  Robert 
J.  Walker,  and  took  his  seat  December  1, 1845;  subsequently 
elected. 

8  Resigned  in  June,  1846,  to  participate  in  the    war  with 
Mexico. 

N>  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  Jefferson 
Davis,  and  took  his  seat  January  26, 1847. 


TWENTY-NINTH   CONGRESS. 
MISSOURI. 

SENATORS. 

Thomas  H.  Benton,  St.  Louis.  David  R.  Atchison,  Platte  City. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

James  B.  Bowlin,  St.  Louis.  Sterling  Price,1  Keytersville. 

John  S.  Phelps,  Springfield.  William  McDaniel,2  Palmyra. 

James  H.  Relfe,  Caledonia. 

Leonard  H.  Sims,  Springfield. 


171 


NEW  HAMPSHIRE. 

SENATORS. 


Levi  Woodbury,*  Portsmouth. 
Benning  W.  Jenness,4  Straff orcl. 
Joseph  Cilley,5  Nottingham. 

James  H.  Johnson,  Bath. 
Mace  Moulton,  Manchester. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


Charles  G.  Atherton,  Nashua. 


Moses  Norris,  jr.,  Pittsfield. 


NEW  JERSEY. 


Jacob  W.  Miller,  Morristown. 

Joseph  E.  Edsall,  Hamburg. 
James  G.  Hampton,  Bridgeton. 
John  Hunk,6  Kingwood. 


SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


NEW  YORK. 


William  L.  Dayton,  Trenton. 

George  Sykes,  Mount  Holly. 
William  Wright,  Newark. 


SENATORS. 


Daniel  S.  Dickinson,  Binghamton. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


Joseph  H.  Anderson,  White  Plains. 
Charles  S.  Benton,  Mohawk. 
William  W.  Campbell,  New  York. 
Charles  H.  Carroll,  Groveland  Center. 
John  F.  Collin,  Hillsdale. 
Erastus  D.  Culver,  Greenwich. 
Samuel  S.  Ellsworth,  Penn  Yan. 
Charles  Goodyear,  Schoharie. 
Samuel  Gordon,  Delhi. 
Martin  Grover,  Angelica. 
Richard  P.  Herrick,7  Greenbush. 
Thomas  C.  Ripley,8  Schaghticoke. 
Elias  B.  Holmes,  Brockport. 
William  J.  Hough,  Cazenovia. 
Orville  Hungerford,  Watertown. 
Washington  Hunt,  Lockport. 
Timothy  Jenkins,  Oneida  Castle. 
Preston  King,  Ogdensburg. 


John  A.  Dix,  Albany. 


John  W.  Lawrence,  Flushing. 
Abner  Lewis,  Panama. 
William  B.  Maclay,  New  York. 
William  S.  Miller,  New  York. 
William  A.  Moseley,  Buffalo. 
John  De  Mott,  Lodi. 
Archibald  C.  Niven,  Monticello. 
George  Rathbun,  Auburn. 
Joseph  Russell,  Warrensburg. 
Henry  J.  Seaman,  Richmond. 
Albert  Smith,  Batavia. 
Stephen  Strong,  Owego. 
Horace  Wheaton,  Pompey. 
Hugh  White,  Cohoes. 
Bradford  R.  Wood,  Albany. 
Thomas  M.  Woodruff,  New  York. 
William  W.  Woodworth,  Hyde  Park. 


NORTH  CAROLINA. 


SENATORS. 


Willie  P.  Mangum,  Red  Mountain. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


Daniel  M.  Barringer,  Concord. 
Asa  Biggs,  Williamston. 
Henry  S.  Clark,  Washington. 
John  R.  J.  Daniel,  Halifax. 
James  C.  Dobbin,  Fayetteville. 


William  H.  Haywood,9  Raleigh. 
George  E.  Badger,10  Raleigh. 

Alfred  Dockery,  Dockerys  Store. 
James  Graham,  Rutherford  ton. 
James  J.  McKay,  Elizabethtown. 
David  S.  Reid,  Reidsville. 


»  Resigned  August  12, 1846,  to  command  a  cavalry  regiment 
In  the  war  with  Mexico. 

t  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  Sterling 
Price,  and  took  his  seat  December  7, 1846. 

3  Resigned  November  20, 1845,  having  been  appointed  to  the 
Supreme  Court  of  the  United  States. 

4  Appointed  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  Levi 
Woodbury,  and  took  his  seat  December  1, 1845. 

5  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  Levi 
Woodbury,  and  took  his  seat  June  22, 1846. 


8  Election  unsuccessfully  contested  by  Isaac  G.  Farlee. 

~  Died  June  20, 1846. 

8  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  death  of  Richard  P.  Her- 
rick, and  took  his  seat  December  7, 1846. 

s  Resigned  July  25, 1846. 

10  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  William  H. 
Haywood,  and  took  his  seat  December  14, 1846. 


172 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 
OHIO. 


William  Allen,  Chillicothe. 


SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


Jacob  Brinkerhpff,  Mansfield. 
John  D.  Cummins,  New  Philadelphia. 
Francis  A.  Cunningham,  Eaton. 
Columbus  Delano,  Mount  Vernon. 
James  J.  Faran,  Cincinnati. 
George  Fries,  Hanoverton. 
Joshua  R.  Giddings,  Jefferson. 
Alexander  Harper,  Zanesville. 
Joseph  J.  McDowell,  Hillsboro. 
Joseph  Morris,  Woodsfield. 
Isaac  Parrish,  Parrishs  Mills. 


Thomas  Corwin,  Lebanon. 


Augustus  L.  Perrill,  Lithopolis. 
Joseph  M.  Root,  Norwalk. 
William  Sawyer,  St.  Marys. 
Robert  C.  Schenck,  Dayton. 
Henry  St.  John,  McCutchenville. 
David  A.  Starkweather,  Canton. 
Allen  G.  Thurman,  Chillicothe. 
Daniel  R.  Tilden,  Ravenna. 
Joseph  Vance,  Urbana. 
Samuel  F.  Vinton,  Gallipolis. 


PENNSYLVANIA. 


SENATORS. 

James  Buchanan,1  Lancaster. 
Simon  Cameron,2  Middletown. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

James  Black,  Newport. 
John  Blanchard,  Bellefonte. 
Richard  Brodhead,  jr.,  Easton. 
Joseph  Buffington,  Kittanning. 
John  H.  Campbell,  Philadelphia. 
Cornelius  Darragh,  Pittsburgh. 
Jacob  Erdman,  Coopersburg. 
John  H.  Ewing,  Washington. 
Henry  D.  Foster,  Greensburg. 
William  S.  Garvin,  Mercer. 
Charles  J.  Ingersoll,  Philadelphia. 
Joseph  R.  Ingersoll,  Philadelphia. 


Daniel  Sturgeon,  Uniontown. 


Owen  D.  Leib,  Catawissa. 
Lewis  C.  Levin,  Philadelphia. 
Moses  McLean,  Gettysburg. 
Abraham  R.  Mcllvaine,  Brandywine. 
James  Pollock,  Milton. 
Alexander  Ramsey,  Harrisburg. 
John  Ritter,  Reading. 
Andrew  Stewart,  Uniontpwn. 
John  Strohm,  New  Providence. 
James  Thompson,  Erie. 
David  Wilmot,  Towanda. 
Jacob  S.-  Yost,  Pottstown. 


RHODE   ISLAND. 

SENATORS. 

James  F.  Simmons,  Providence.  Albert  C.  Greene,  Providence. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

Lemuel  H.  Arnold,  Wakefield.  Henry  Y.  Cranston,  Newport. 

SOUTH  CAROLINA. 


George  McDuffie,3  Cherry  Hill. 
Andrew  P.  Butler,4  Edgefield. 


SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


James  A.  Black,  Cherokee  Iron  Works. 
Armistead  Burt,  Wilmington. 
Isaac  E.  Holmes,  Charleston. 
R.  Barn  well  Rhett,  Ashepoo. 


John  C.  Calhoun,5  Pendleton. 


Richard  F.  Simpson,  Pendleton. 
Alexander  D.  Sims,  Darlington. 
Joseph  A.  Woodward,  Winnsboro. 


TENNESSEE. 


Spencer  Jarnagin,  Athens. 


SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


Lucien  B.  Chase,  Clarkesville. 
William  M.  Cpcke,  Rutledge. 
John  H.  Crozier,  Knoxville. 
Alvan  Cullom,  Livingston. 
Joseph  H.  Peyton,6  Gallatin. 
Edwin  H.  Ewing,7  Nashville. 


Hopkins  L.  Turney,  Winchester. 


Milton  Brown,  Jackson. 
Meredith  P.  Gentry,  Franklin. 
Andrew  Johnson,  Greenville. 
George  W.  Jones,  Fayetteville. 
Barclay  Martin,  Columbia. 
Frederick  P.  Stanton,  Memphis. 


1  Resigned  March  5, 1845. 

2  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation   of  James 
Buchanan,  and  took  his  seat  March  17,  1845. 

3  Resigned  August  17, 1846. 

4  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  George 
McDuffie,  and  took  his  seat  December  21, 1846;  vacancy  in  this 
class  from  January  17,  1846,  to  December  4,  1846. 


5  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  Daniel  E. 
Huger,  in  preceding  Congress,  and  took  his  seat  December  22, 
1845;  vacancy  in  this  class  from  March  4.  1845.  to  November 
26,  1845. 

s  Died  November  12,  1845. 

7  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  death  of  Joseph  H. 
Peyton,  and  took  his  seat  January  2,  1846. 


TWENTY-NINTH   CONGRESS. 


173 


TEXAS.1 

SENATORS. 

Sam  Houston,2  Raven  Hill.  Thomas  J.  Rusk,3  Nacogdochee. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

David  S.  Kaufman,4  Lowes  Ferry.  Timothy  Pillsbury,5  Brazoria. 

VERMONT. 

SENATORS. 

Samuel  S.  Phelps,  Middlebury.  William  Upham,  Montpelier. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 


Jacob  Collamer,  Woodstock. 
Paul  Dillingham,  jr.,  Waterbury. 


VIRGINIA. 


SENATORS. 


William  S.  Archer,  Lodore. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


Archibald  Atkinson,  Smithfield. 
Thomas  H.  Bayly,  Accomac. 
Henry  Bedinger,  Charlestown. 
William  G.  Brown,  Kingwood. 
Augustus  A.  Chapman,  Union. 
George  C.  Dromgoole,  Summit. 
George  W.  Hopkins,  Abingdon. 
Edmund  W.  Hubard,  Curdsville. 


Solomon  Foot,  Rutland. 
George  P.  Marsh,  Burlington. 


Isaac  S.  Pennybacker,6  New  Market. 
James  M.  Mason,7  Winchester. 


Robert  M.  T.  Hunter,  Lloyds. 
Joseph  Johnson,  Bridgeport. 
Shelton  F.  Leake,  Charlottesville. 
John  S.  Pendleton,  Culpeper. 
James  A.  Seddon,  Richmond. 
William  Taylor,  8  Lexington. 
James  McDowell,9  Lexington. 
William  M.  Tredway,  Danville. 


TERRITORY  OF  IOWA.10 

DELEGATE. 

Augustus  C.  Dodge,11  Burlington. 
TERRITORY  OF  WISCONSIN. 

DELEGATE. 

Morgan  L.  Martin,  Green  Bay. 


1  Admitted  as  a  State  into  the  Union  December  29,  1845. 

2  Took  his  seat  March  30, 1846;  term  to  expire,  as  determined 
by  lot,  March  3,  1847. 

3  Took  his  seat  March  26, 1846;  term  to  expire,  as  determined 
by  lot,  March  3,  1851. 

«  Took  his  seat  June  1, 1846. 
*  Took  his  seat  June  10, 1846. 
o  Died  January  12,  1847. 


'  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  death  of  Isaac  S.  Penny- 
backer,  and  took  his  seat  January  25, 1847. 
s  Died  January  17, 1846. 

9  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  death  of  William  Taylor, 
and  took  his  seat  March  C,  1846. 

10  Raised  to  statehood  December  28,  1846. 

»  Served  until  December  28,  1846,  when  the  territory  be- 
came the  state  of  Iowa. 


THIRTIETH  CONGRESS. 


MARCH  4,  1847,  TO  MARCH  3,  1849. 


FIRST  SESSION— December  6,  1847,  to  August  14,  1848.    SECOND  SESSION— December 

4,  1848,  to  March  3,  1849. 


VICE  PRESIDENT— George  M.  Dallas,  of  Pennsylvania.  PRESIDENT  OF  THE  SENATE 
PRO  TEMPORE— David  R.  Atkinson,1  of  Missouri.  SECRETARY  OF  THE  SENATE— Asbury 
Dickens,  of  North  Carolina. 

SPEAKER  OF  THE  HOUSE— Robert  C.  Winthrop,  of  Massachusetts.  SPEAKER  OF  THE 
HOUSE  PRO  TEMPORE— Armisted  Burt,  of  South  Carolina.  CLERKS  OF  THE  HOUSE— 
Benjamin  B.  French,  of  New  Hampshire;  Thomas  J.  Campbell,2  of  Tennessee. 


Arthur  P.  Bagby,3  Tuscaloosa. 
William  R.  King,4  Selma. 


ALABAMA. 

SENATORS. 
REPRESENTATIVES. 


John  Gayle,  Mobile. 
Henry  W.  Hilliard,  Montgomery. 
Sampson  W.  Harris,  Wetumpka. 
Samuel  W.  Inge,  Livingston. 


Dixon  H.  Lewis,5  Lowndesboro. 
Benjamin  Fitzpatrick,6  Wetumpka. 


George  S.  Houston,  Athens. 
Williamson  R.  W.  Cobb,  Bellefont. 
Franklin  W.  Bowdon,  Talladega. 


ARKANSAS. 


SENATORS. 


Ambrose  H.  Sevier,7  Pine  Bluff. 
Solon  Borland,8  Hot  Springs. 


Chester  Ashley,9  Little  Rock. 
William  K.  Sebastian,10  Helena. 


REPRESENTATIVE. 

Robert  W.  Johnson,  Little  Rock. 
CONNECTICUT. 


SENATORS. 


Jabez  W.  Huntington,11  Norwich. 
Roger  S.  Baldwin,12  New  Haven. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


James  Dixon,  Hartford. 

Samuel  D.  Hubbard,  Middletown. 


John  M.  Niles,  Hartford. 


John  A.  Rockwell,  Norwich. 
Truman  Smith,  Litchfield. 


1  Elected  February  2,  1848;  June  1,  1848;  June  26, 1848;  July 
29,  1848;  December  26,  1848;  March  2,  1849. 

2  Elected  December  7,  1847. 
a  Resigned  June  16,  1848. 

4  Appointed  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  Arthur 
P.  Bagby,  and  took  his  seat  July  l.'i,  1848;  subsequently  elected . 

5  Died  October  25,  1848. 

6  Appointed  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  death  of  Dixon  H. 
Lewis,  and  took  his  seat  December  11, 1848. 

7  Il-esigned  March  15,  1848. 

174 


8  Appointed  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  Ambrose 
H.   Sevier,  and  took  his  seat  April  24,  1848;  subsequently 
elected. 

9  Died  April  29,  1848. 

10  Appointed  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  death  of  Chester  Ash- 
ley, and  took  his  seat  May  31, 1848;  subsequently  elected. 

»  Died  November  1, 1847. 

12  Appointed  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  death  of  Jabez  W. 
Huntington,  and  took  his  seat  December  7, 1847;  subsequently 
elected. 


THIRTIETH   CONGRESS. 
DELAWARE. 


175 


SENATORS. 


John  M.  Clayton,1  New  Castle. 
John  Wales/  Wilmington. 


Presley  Spruance,  Smyrna. 


REPRESENTATIVE. 

John  W.  Houston,  Georgetown. 
FLORIDA. 

SENATORS. 

David  L.  Yulee,  St.  Augustine.  James  D.  Westcott,  jr.,  Tallahassee. 

REPRESENTATIVE. 

Edward  C.  Cabell,  Tallahassee. 


GEORGIA. 


SENATORS. 


J.  Macpherson  Berrien,  Savannah. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


Thomas  Butler  King,  Frederica. 
AJfred  Iverson,  Columbus. 
John  W.  Jones,  Griffin. 
Hugh  A.  Haralson,  La  Grange. 


Sidney  Breese,  Carlyle. 


ILLINOIS. 


SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


Robert  Smith,  Alton. 
John  A.  McClernand,  Shawneetown. 
Orlando  B.  Ficklin,  Charleston. 
John  Wentworth,  Chicago. 


INDIANA. 


SENATORS. 


Edward  A.  Hannegan,  Covington. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


Elisha  Embree,  Princeton. 
Thomas  J.  Henley,  New  Washington. 
John  L.  Robinson,  Rushville. 
Caleb  B.  Smith,  Connersville. 
William  W.  Wick,  Indianapolis. 


IOWA. 


SENATORS. 


Augustus  C.  Dodge,6  Burlington. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


William  Thompson,  Mount  Pleasant. 


Walter  T.  Colquitt,3  Columbus. 
Herschell  V.  Johnson,4  Milledgeyille. 


John  H.  Lumpkin,  Rome. 

Howell  Cobb,  Athens. 

Alexander  H.  Stephens,  Crawfordville. 

Robert  Toombs,  Washington. 


Stephen  A.  Douglas,  Quincy. 


William  A.  Richardson,  Rushville. 
Thomas  J.  Turner,  Freeport. 
Abraham  Lincoln,  Springfield. 


Jesse  D.  Bright,  Madison. 


George  G.  Dunn,  Bedford. 
Richard  W.  Thompson,  Terre  Haute. 
John  Pettit,  La  Fayette. 
Charles  W.  Cathcart,  Laporte. 
William  Rockhill,  Fort  Wayne. 


George  W.  Jones,7  Dubuque. 


Shepherd  Leffler,  Burlington. 


1  Resigned  March  3, 1849,  to  become  Secretary  of  State. 

2  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  John  M. 
Clayton,  and  took  his  seat  February  26, 1849. 

3  Resigned  in  February,  1848. 

4  Appointed  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  Walter 
T.  Colquitt,  and  took  his  seat  February  14,  1848. 


5  Admitted  as  a  State  in  preceding  Congress. 

6  Took  his  seat  December  26,  1848;  term  to  expire,  as  deter- 
mined by  lot,  March  3,  1849. 

7  Took  his  seat  December  26, 1848;  term  to  expire,  as  deter- 
mined by  lot,  March  3, 1853. 


176 


CONGRESSIONAL   DIRECTORY. 


KENTUCKY. 


SENATORS. 


John  J.  Crittenden,1  Frankfort. 
Thomas  Metcalfe,2  Forest  Retreat. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


Linn  Boyd,  Cadiz. 
Beverly  L.  Clarke,  Franklin. 
Samuel  O.  Peyton,  Hartford. 
Aylett  Buckner,  Greensburg. 
John  B.  Thompson,  Harrodsburg. 


Henry  Johnson,  New  River. 


LOUISIANA. 


SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


Emile  La  S6re,  New  Orleans. 
Bannon  G.  Thibodeaux,  Thibodeaux. 


MAINE. 


SENATORS. 


John  Fairfield,3  Saco. 
Wyman  B.  S.  Moor,4  Bangor. 
Hannibal  Hamlin,5  Hampden. 


David  Hammons,  Lovell. 
Asa  W.  H.  Clapp,  Portland. 
Hiram  Belcher,  Farmington. 
Franklin  Clark,  Wiscasset. 


REPRESENTATIVES . 


MARYLAND. 


SENATORS. 


James  A.  Pearce,  Chestertown. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


John  G.  Chapman,  Port  Tobacco. 
J.  Dixon  Roman,  Hagerstown. 
Thomas  W.  Ligon,  Ellicotts  Mills. 


Joseph  R.  Underwood,  Bowling  Green. 


Green  Adams,  Barbourville. 
Garnett  Duncan,  Louisville. 
Charles  S.  Morehead,  Frankfort. 
Richard  French,  Mount  Sterling. 
John  P.  Gaines,  Walton. 


Solomon  W.  Downs,  Monroe. 


John  H.  Harmanson,  Simmsport. 
Isaac  E.  Morse,  St.  Martinsville. 


James  W.  Bradbury,  Augusta. 


Ephraim  K.  Smart,  Camden. 
James  S.  Wiley,  Dover. 
Hezekiah  Williams,  Castine. 


Reverdy  Johnson,  Baltimore. 

Robert  M.  McLane,  Baltimore. 

Alexander  Evans,  Elkton. 

John  W.  Crisfield,  Princess  Anne. 


MASSACHUSETTS. 


Daniel  Webster,  Boston. 


SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


Robert  C.  Winthrop,  Boston. 
Daniel  P.  King,  South  Danvers. 
Amos  Abbott,  Andover. 
John  G.  Palfrey,  Cambridge. 
Charles  Hudson,  Westminster. 
George  Ashmun,  Springfield. 


John  Davis,  Worcester. 

Julius  Rockwell,  Pittsfield. 
John  Quincy  Adams,6  Quincy. 
Horace  Mann,7  West  Newton. 
Artemas  Hale,  Bridgewater. 
Joseph  Grinnell,  New  Bedford. 


MICHIGAN. 


SENATORS. 


Lewis  Cass,8  Detroit. 

Thomas  Fitzgerald,9  St.  Joseph. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


Robert  McClelland,  Monroe. 
Edward  Bradley.10 


Alpheus  Felch,  Ann  Harbor. 


Charles  E.  Stuart,11  Kalamazoo. 
Kinsley  S.  Bingham,  Kensington. 


i  Resigned  June  12,  1848. 

a  Appointed  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  John  J. 
Crittenden,  and  took  his  seat  July  3, 1848;  subsequently  elected, 
s  Died  December  24, 1847. 

4  Appointed  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  death  of  John  Fairfield, 
and  took  his  seat  January  17, 1848. 

5  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  death  of  John  Fairfield, 
and  took  his  seat  June  12, 1848. 

6  Died  in  the  Speaker's  room  at  the  Capitol,  February  23. 
1848. 


7  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  death  of  John  Quincy 
Adams,  and  took  his  seat  April  13,  1848. 

8  Resigned  May  29,  1848;  subsequently  elected  to  fill  the 
vacancy  caused  by  his  own  resignation,  and  took  his  seat  March 
3,  1849. 

9  Appointed  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  Lewis 
Cass,  and  took  his  seat  June  20,  1848. 

10  Died  August  5,  1847,  before  the  convening  of  Congress. 

11  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  death  of  Edward  Brad- 
ley, and  took  his  seat  December  6, 1847. 


THIRTIETH   CONGRESS. 
MISSISSIPPI. 


177 


Jesse  Speight,1  Plymouth. 
Jefferson  Davis,2  Warrenton. 


SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


Jacob  Thompson,  Oxford. 
Winfield  S.  Featherston,  Houston. 


Henry  S.  Foote,  Jackson. 


Patrick  W.  Tompkins,  Vicksburg. 
Albert  G.  Brown,  Gallatin. 


MISSOURI. 

SENATORS. 

Thomas  H.  Benton,  St.  Louis.  David  R.  Atchison,  Platte  City. 

,        REPRESENTATIVES. 

James  B.  Bowlin,  St.  Louis.  Willard  P.  Hall,  St.  Joseph. 

John  Jameson,  Fulton.  John  S.  Phelps,  Springfield. 

James  S.  Green,  Monticello. 


NEW  HAMPSHIRE. 

SENATORS. 

Charles  G.  Atherton,  Nashua.  John  P.  Hale,  Dover. 

REPRESENTATIVES.     • 


Amos  Tuck,  Exeter. 
Charles  H.  Peaslee,  Concord. 


James  Wilson,  Keene. 
James  H.  Johnson,  Bath. 


Jacob  W.  Miller,  Morristown. 


NEW  JERSEY. 

SENATORS. 
REPRESENTATIVES . 


James  G.  Hampton,  Bridgeton. 
William  A.  Newell,  Allentown. 
Joseph  E.  Edsall,  Hamburg. 


William  L.  Dayton,  Trenton. 


John  Van  Dyke,  New  Brunswick. 
Dudley  S.  Gregory,  Jersey  City. 


NEW  YORK. 


SENATORS. 


Daniel  S.  Dickinson,  Binghamton. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


Frederick  W.  Lord,  Greenport. 
Henry  C.  Murphy,  Brooklyn. 
Henry  Nicoll,  New  York. 
William  B.  Maclay,  New  York. 
Frederick  A.  Tallmadge,  New  York. 
David  S.  Jackson,3  New  York. 
Horace  Greeley,4  New  York. 
William  Nelson,  Peekskill. 
Cornelius  Warren,  Cold  Spring. 
Daniel  B.  St.  John,  Monticello. 
Eliakim.  Sherrill,  Shandaken. 
Peter  H.  Silvester,  Coxsackie. 
Gideon  Reynolds,  Hoosick. 
John  I.  Slingerland,  Bethlehem. 
Orlando  Kellogg,  Elizabeth  town. 
Sidney  Lawrence,  Moira. 
Hugh  White,  Cohoes. 
George  Petrie,  Little  Falls. 


John  A.  Dix,  Albany. 


William  Collins,  Lowville. 
Joseph  Mullin,  Watertown. 
Timothy  Jenkins,  Oneida  Castle. 
George  A.  Starkweather,  Cooperstown. 
Ausburn  Birdsall,  Binghamton. 
William  Duer,  Oswego. 
Daniel  Gott,  Pompey. 
Harmon  S.  Conger,  Courtland. 
William  T.  Lawrence,  Cayutaville. 
John  M.  Holley,5  Lyons. 
Esbon  Blackmar,6  Newark. 
Elias  B.  Holmes,  Brockport. 
Robert  L.  Rose,  Aliens  Hill. 
David  Rumsey,  jr.,  Bath. 
Dudley  Marvin,  Ripley. 
Nathan  K.  Hall,  Buffalo. 
Harvey  Putnam,  Attica. 
Washington  Hunt,  Lockport. 


1  Died  May  1, 1847. 

J  Appointed  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  death  of  Jesse  Speight, 
and  took  his  seat  December  6, 1847;  subsequently  elected. 

3  Election  contested  bv  James  Monroe,  but  the  House  de- 
clared on  April  19, 1848,  that  neither  was  entitled  to  a  seat. 

50346°— S.  Doc.  654,  61-2 12 


4  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  declared  to  exist  by  resolutions  of 
April  19,  1848,  and  took  his  seat  December  4,  1848. 

6  Died  March  8,  1848. 

«  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  death  of  John  M.  Holley, 
and  took  his  seat  December  4, 1848. 


178 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 


NORTH  CAROLINA. 


SENATORS. 


Willie  P.  Mangum,  Red  Mountain. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


Thomas  L.  Clingman,  Asheville. 
Nathaniel  Boyden,  Salisbury. 
Daniel  M.  Barringer,  Concord. 
Augustine  H.  Shepperd,  Salem. 
Abraham  W.  Venable,  Brownsville. 


OHIO. 


William  Allen,  Chillicothe. 


SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


James  J.  Faran,  Cincinnati. 
David  Fisher,  Wilmington. 
Robert  C.  Schenck,  Dayton. 
Richard  S.  Canby,  Bellefontaine. 
William  Sawyer,  St.  Marys. 
Rudolphus  Dickinson,  Lower  Sandusky. 
Jonathan  D.  Morris,1  Batavia. 
John  L.  Taylor,  Chillicothe. 
Thomas  0.  Edwards,  Lancaster. 
Daniel  Duncan,  Newark. 
John  K.  Miller,  Mount  Vernon. 


George  E.  Badger,  Raleigh. 


John  R.  J.  Daniel,  Halifax. 
James  J.  McKay,  Elizabethtown. 
Richard  S.  Donnell,  Newbern. 
David  Outlaw,  Windsor. 


Thomas  Corwin,  Lebanon. 


Samuel  F.  Vinton,  Gallipolis. 
Thomas  Richey,  Somerset. 
Nathan  Evans,  Cambridge. 
William  Kennon,  jr.,  St.  Clairsville. 
John  D.  Cummins,  New  Philadelphia. 
George  Fries,  Hanoverton. 
Samuel  Lahm,  Canton. 
John  Crowell,  Warren. 
Joshua  R.  Giddings,  Jefferson. 
Joseph  M.  Root,  Norwalk. 


PENNSYLVANIA. 


Daniel  Sturgeon,  Uniontown. 


SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


Lewis  C.  Levin,  Philadelphia. 
Joseph  R.  Ingersoll,  Philadelphia. 
Charles  Brown,  Philadelphia. 
Charles  J.  Ingersoll,  Philadelphia. 
John  Freedley,  Norristown. 
John  W.  Hornbeck,2  Allentown. 
Samuel  A.  Bridges,3  Allentown. 
Abraham  R.  Mcllvaine,  Brandywine. 
John  Strohm,  New  Providence. 
William  Strong,  Reading. 
Richard  Brodhead,  Easton. 
Chester  Butler,  Wilkes-Barre. 
David  Wilmot,  Towanda. 


Simon  Cameron,  Middletown. 


James  Pollock,  Milton. 
George  N.  Eckert,  Pottsville. 
Henry  Nes,  York. 
Jasper  E.  Brady,  Chambersburg. 
John  Blanchard,  Bellefonte. 
Andrew  Stewart,  Uniontown. 
Job  Mann,  Bedford. 
John  Dickey,  Beaver. 
Moses  Hampton,  Pittsburgh. 
John  W.  Farrelly,  Meadville. 
James  Thompson,  Erie. 
Alexander  Irvin,  Clearfield. 


RHODE  ISLAND. 

SENATORS. 

Albert  C.  Greene,  Providence.  John  H.  Clarke,  Providence. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

Robert  B.  Cranston,  Newport.  Benjamin  B.  Thurston,  Hopkinton. 

SOUTH  CAROLINA. 


John  C.  Calhoun,  Pendleton. 


SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


James  A.  Black,4  Cherokee  Iron  Works. 
Daniel  Wallace,5  Union. 
Richard  F.  Simpson,  Pendleton. 
Joseph  A.  Woodward,  Winnsboro. 
Alexander  D.  Sims,6  Darlington. 


Andrew  P.  Butler,  Edgefield. 


John  McQueen,7  Bennettsville. 
Armistead  Burt,  Willington. 
Isaac  E.  Holmes,  Charleston. 
R.  Barnwell  Rhett,  Ashepoo. 


1  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  death  of  Thomas  L. 
Hamer,  who  died  before  the  commencement  of  the  Congress 
while  serving  in  the  War  with  Mexico. 

2  Died  January  16, 1848. 

'•>  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  death  of  John  W.  Horn- 
beck,  and  took  his  seat  March  fi,  1848. 


«  Died  April  3, 1848. 

6  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  death  of  James  A.  Black, 
and  took  his  seat  June  12,  1848. 

«  Died  November  16, 1848. 

'Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  death  of  Alexander  O. 
Sims,  and  took  his  seat  February  12, 1849. 


THIRTIETH    CONGRESS. 


179 


TENNESSEE. 

SENATORS. 

Hopkins  L.  Turney,  Winchester. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

Andrew  Johnson,  Greenville. 
William  M.  Cocke,  Rutledge. 
John  H.  Crozier,  Knoxville. 
Hugh  L.  W.  Hill,  Irving  C9llege. 
George  W.  Jones,  Fayetteville. 
James  H.  Thomas,  Columbia. 

TEXAS. 

SENATORS. 

Sam  Houston,  Raven  Hill. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

David  S.  Kaufman,  Sabinetown. 

VERMONT. 


SENATORS. 


Samuel  S.  Phelps,  Middlebury. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


William  Henry,  Bellows  Falls. 
Jacob  Collamer.  Woodstock. 


VIRGINIA. 


SENATORS. 


James  M.  Mason,  Winchester. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


Archibald  Atkinson,  Smithfield. 
Richard  K.  Meade,  Petersburg. 
Thomas  S.  Flournoy,  Halifax. 
Thomas  S.  Bocock,  Appomattox. 
William  L.  Goggin,  Otter  Bridge. 
John  M.  Botts,  Richmond. 
Thomas  H.  Bayly,  Accomac. 
Richard  L.  T.  Beale,  Hague. 


John  Bell,  Nashville. 


Meredith  P.  Gentry,  Franklin. 
Washington  Barrow,  Nashville. 
Lucien  B.  Chase,  Clarksville. 
Frederick  P.  Stanton,  Memphis. 
William  T.  Haskell,  Jackson. 


Thomas  J.  Rusk,  Nacogdoches. 


Timothy  Pillsbury,  Brazoria. 


William  Upham,  Montpelier. 


George  P.  Marsh,  Burlington. 
Lucius  B.  Peck,  Montpelier. 


Robert  M.  T.  Hunter,  Lloyds. 


John  S.  Pendleton,  Culpeper. 
Henry  Bedinger,  Charlestown. 
James  McDowell,  Lexington. 
William  B.  Preston,  Blacksburg. 
Andrew  S.  Fulton,  Wytheville. 
Robert  A.  Thompson,  Kanawha. 
WTilliam  G.  Brown,  Kingwood. 


WISCONSIN.1 


SENATORS.  i 

Henry  Dodge,2  Dodgeville.  Isaac  P.  Walker,3  Milwaukee. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

Mason  C.  Darling,4  Fond  du  Lac.  William  P.  Lynde,5  Milwaukee. 

TERRITORY  OP  WISCONSIN.6 


DELEGATES. 


Henry  H.  Sibley,7  Mendota. 


John  H.  Tweedy,  Milwaukee. 


1  The  State  of  Wisconsin,  which  was  admitted  into  the  Union 
May  29, 1848,  was  only  a  portion  of  the  Territory  of  'Wisconsin 
which  continued   to  retain  its  territorial  organization  until 
March  3, 1849,  when  it  was  reorganized  as  the  Territory  of  Min- 
nesota. 

2  Took  his  seat  June  23, 1848;  term  to  expire,  as  determined 
by  lot.  March  3, 1851. 

3  Took  his  seat  June  26, 1848;  term  to  expire,  as  determined 
by  lot,  March  3, 1849. 


«  Took  his  seat  June  9,  1848. 
'•>  Took  his  seat  June  5, 1848. 

6  The  western  portion  of  the  Territory  of  Wisconsin  retained 
its  territorial  organization  under  the  same  name  until  reor- 
ganized into  the  Territory  of  Minnesota  by  Act  of  March  3, 1849. 

7  Took  his  seat  January  15, 1849. 


THIRTY-FIRST  CONGRESS. 


MARCH  4,  1849,  TO  MARCH  3,  1851. 


FIRST  SESSION— December  3,  1849,  to  September  30,  1850.  SECOND  SESSION— Decem- 
ber 2,  1850,  to  March  3,  1851.  SPECIAL  SESSION  OF  THE  SENATE— March  5,  1849, 
to  March  23,  1849. 


VICE  PBESIDENT— Millard  Fillmore,1  of  New  York.  PRESIDENTS  OF  THE  SENATE  PRO 
TEMPORE — David  R.  Atchison,2  of  Missouri;  William  R.  King,3  of  Alabama.  SECRETARY  OF 
THE  SENATE — Asbury  Dickins,  of  North  Carolina. 

SPEAKER  OF  THE  HOUSE— Howell  Cobb,  of  Georgia.  SPEAKER  OF  THE  HOUSE  PRO 
TEMPORE — Robert  C.  Winthrop,  of  Massachusetts.  CLERKS  OF  THE  HOUSE — Thomas  J. 
Campbell,  of  Tennessee;  Richard  M.  Young,4  of  Illinois. 


ALABAMA. 

SENATORS. 


William  R.  King,  Selma. 


Jeremiah  Clemens,5  Huntsville. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 

William  J.  Alston,  Linden.  P^vid  Hubbard,  Kinlock^ 

Henry  W.  Hilliard,  Montgomery. 
Sampson  W.  Harris,  Wetumpka. 
Samuel  W.  Inge,  Livingston. 


Williamson  R.  W.  Cobb,  Bellefont. 
"Franklin  W.  Bowdon,  Talladega. 


ARKANSAS. 

SENATORS. 

Solon  Borland,  Hot  Springs.  William  K.  Sebastian,  Helena. 

REPRESENTATIVE . 

Robert  W.  Johnson,  Little  Rock. 
CALIFORNIA.6 

SENATORS. 

William  M.  Gwin,7  San  Francisco.  John  C.  Fremont,8  San  Francisco. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

Edward  Gilbert,9  San  Francisco.  George  W.  Wright,9  San  Francisco. 

CONNECTICUT. 
SENATORS. 

Roger  S.  Baldwin,  New  Haven.  Truman  Smith,  Litchfield. 

REPRE  SENT  ATI  VE  S . 


Loren  P.  Waldo,  Tolland. 
Walter  Booth,  Meriden. 


Chauncey  F.  Cleveland,  Hampton. 
Thomas  B.  Butler,  Norwalk. 


1  Became    President  by  death  of  Zachary  Taylor,  July  9, 
1850. 

2  Elected  March  5,  1849,  and  again  March  16, 1849  (special 
session  of  the  Senate). 

s  Elected  May  6,  1850;  July  11,  1850. 
«  Elected  April  17,  1850. 

B  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  death  of  Dixon  H.  Lewis 
in  preceding  Congress,  and  took  his  seat  December  6, 1849. 

180 


6  Admitted  as  a  State  into  the  Union  September  9, 1850. 

7  Took  his  seat  September  10, 1850;  term  to  expire,  as  deter- 
mined by  lot,  March  3, 1855. 

s  Took  his  seat  September  10, 1850;  term  to  expire,  as  deter- 
mined by  lot,  March  3, 1851. 
"Took  his  seat  September  11, 1850. 


THIRTY-FIRST  CONGRESS. 


181 


Presley  Spruance,  Smyrna. 


DELAWARE. 

SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVE . 

John  W.  Houston,  Georgetown. 


John  Wales,  Wilmington. 


Jackson  Morton,  Pensacola. 


FLORIDA. 

SENATORS. 


David  L.  Yulee,  St.  Augustine. 


REPRESENTATIVE. 

Edward  C.  Cabell,  Tallehassee. 
GEORGIA. 

SENATORS. 

J.  Macpherson  Berrien,  Savannah.  William  C.  Dawson,  Greensboro. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

Thomas  B.  King,1  Waynesville. 
Joseph  W.  Jackson,2  Savannah. 
Marshall  J.  Wellborn,  Columbus. 
Allen  F.  Owen,  Talbotton. 
Hugh  A.  Haralson,  La  Grange. 

ILLINOIS. 


Thomas  C.  Hackett,  Rome. 

Howell  Cobb,  Athens. 

Alexander  H.  Stephens,  Crawfordsville. 


Robert  Toombs,  Washington. 


itepj 
,W; 


SENATORS. 

Stephen  A.  Douglas,  Chicago.  James  Shields,3  Belleville. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 


William  H.  Bissell,  Belleville. 
John  A.  McClernand,  Shawneetown. 
Timothy  R.  Young,  Marshall. 
John  Wentworth,  Chicago. 

INDIANA. 


William  A.  Richardson,  Quincy. 
Edward  D.  Baker,  Galena. 
Thomas  L.  Harris,  Petersburg. 


Jesse  D.  Bright,  Madison. 


SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


Nathaniel  Albertson,  Greenville. 
Cyrus  L.  Dunham,  Salem. 
John  L.  Robinson,  Rushville. 
George  W.  Julian,  Centerville. 
William  J.  Brown,  Indianapolis. 


James  Whitcomb,  Indianapolis. 

Willis  A.  Gorman,  Bloomington. 
Richard  W.  McGaughey,  Rockville. 
Joseph  E.  McDonald,  Crawfordsville. 
Graham  N.  Fitch,  Logansport. 
Andrew  J.  Harlan,  Marion. 


IOWA. 

SENATORS. 

Augustus  C.  Dodge,  Burlington.  George  W.  Jones,  Dubuque. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

William  Thompson,4  Mount  Pleasant.  Shepherd  Leffler,  Burlington. 

Daniel  F.  Miller,5  Fort  Madison. 

KENTUCKY. 


SENATORS. 

Joseph  R.  Underwood,  Bowling  Green. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

Linn  Boyd.  Belleview. 
James  L.  Johnson,  Owensboro. 
Finis  E.  McLean,  Elkton. 
George  A.  Caldwell,  Columbia. 
John  B.  Thompson,  Harrodsburg. 


Henry  Clay,  Lexington. 

Daniel  Breck,  Richmond. 
Humphrey  Marshall,  Drennons  Lick. 
Charles  S.  Morehead,  Frankfort. 
John  C.  Mason,  Owingsville. 
Richard  H.  Stanton,  Maysville. 


1  Resigned  February  27, 1851,  to  become  collector  of  the  port 
of  San  Francisco,  Cal. 

2  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  Thomas  B. 
King,  and  took  his  seat  March  4, 1850. 

3  There  was  a  vacancy  in  this  class  from  March  16, 1849,  to 
December  2, 1849,  Mr.  Shields  "not  having  been  a  citizen  of 
the  United  States  the  term  of  years  required  at  the  com- 
mencement of  the  term  for  which  he  was  elected."    He  was 


subsequently  elected  for  the  term  commencing  March  4, 1849, 
and  took  his  seat  December  3, 1849. 

«  Election  contested  by  Daniel  F.  Miller;  served  until  June 
29, 1850,  when  the  House  declared  that  neither  was  entitled  to 
the  seat. 

6  Unsuccessfully  contested  the  election  of  William  Thomp- 
son; subsequently  elected  at  special  election,  and  took  his  seat 
December  20, 1850. 


182 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 


LOUISIANA. 


SENATORS. 

Solomon  W.  Downs,  Monroe. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

Emile  La  Sere,  New  Orleans. 
Charles  M.  Conrad,1  New  Orleans. 
Henry  A.  Bullard,2  New  Orleans. 

MAINE. 


Pierre  Soule,  New  Orleans. 

John  II.  Harmanson,3  Simmsport. 
Alexander  G.  Penn,4  Coyington. 
Isaac  E.  Morse,  St.  Martinsville. 


SENATORS. 
James  W.  Bradbury,  Augusta. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

Elbridge  Gerry,  Waterford. 
Nathaniel  S.  Littlefield,  Bridgeton. 
John  Otis,  Hallowell. 
Eufus  K.  Goodenow,  Paris. 

MARYLAND. 


Hannibal  Hamlin,  Hampden. 

Cullen  Sawtelle,  Norridgewock. 
Charles  Stetson,  Bangor. 
Thomas  J.  D.  Fuller,  Calais. 


James  A.  Pearce,  Chestertown. 


SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 

Richard  I.  Bowie,  Rockville. 
William  T.  Hamilton,  Hagerstown. 
Edward  Hammond,  Ellicotts  Mills. 

MASSACHUSETTS. 


Reverdy  Johnson,5  Baltimore. 
David  Stewart, (i  Baltimore. 
Thomas  G.  Pratt,7  Annapolis. 

Robert  M.  McLane,  Baltimore. 
Alexander  Evans,  Elkton. 
John  B.  Kerr,  Easton. 


Daniel  Webster,8  Boston. 
Robert  C.  Winthrop,9  Boston. 
Robert  Rantoul,  jr.,10  Boston. 

Robert  C.  Winthrop,11  Boston. 
Samuel  A.  Eliot,12  Boston. 
James  H.  Duncan,  Haverhill. 
Charles  Allen,  Worcester. 
George  Ashmun,  Springfield. 


SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


MICHIGAN. 


John  Davis,  Worcester. 


Julius  Rockwell,  Pittsfield. 
Horace  Mann,  West  Newton. 
Orin  Fowler,  Fall  River. 
Joseph  Grinnell,  New  Bedford. 
Daniel  P.  King,13  South  Danvers. 


Lewis  Cass,  Detroit. 


SENATORS. 

Alpheus  Felch,  Ann  Arbor. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

Alexander  W.  Buel,  Detroit.  Kingsley  S.  Bingham,  Kensington. 

William  Sprague,  Kalamazco. 

MISSISSIPPI. 


SENATORS. 

Henry  S.  Foote,  Jackson. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

Jacob  Thompson,  Oxford. 
Winfield  S.  Featherston,  Houston. 

MISSOURI. 


Jefferson  Davis,  Palmyra. 

William  McWillie,  Camden. 
Albert  G.  Brown,  Gallatin. 


Thomas  H.  Benton,  St.  Louis. 

James  B.  Bowlin,  St.  Louis. 
William  V.  N.  Bay,  Union. 
James  S.  Green,  Canton. 


SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


i  Resigned  August  17, 1850. 

a  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  Charles  M. 
Conrad,  and  took  his  seat  December  5, 1850. 

^  Died  October  25, 1850. 

<  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  death  of  John  II.  Har- 
manson,  and  took  his  seat  December  30, 1850. 

6  Resigned  March  9, 1849. 

•Appointed  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  Reverdy 
Johnson,  and  took  his  seat  December  8, 1849. 

'Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  Reverdy 
Johnson,  and  took  his  seat  January  14, 1850. 


David  R.  Atchison,  Platte  City. 

Willard  P.  Hall,  St.  Joseph. 
John  S.  Phelps,  Springfield. 


8  Resigned  July  22, 1850,  having  been  appointed  Secretary  of 
State. 

9  Appointed  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  Daniel 
Webster,  and  took  his  seat  July  30,  1850;  served  until  Febru- 
ary 1, 1851. 

">  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  Daniel 
Webster,  and  took  his  seat  February  22,  1851. 

i'  Resigned  July  27, 1830, having  been  appointed  Senator. 

12  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  Robert  C. 
Winthrop,  and  took  his  seat  August  22, 1850. 

w  Died  July  25, 1850. 


THIRTY-FIRST  CONGRESS, 


183 


NEW  HAMPSHIRE. 


John  P.  Hale,  Dover. 

Amos  Tuck,  Exeter. 
Charles  H.  Peaslee,  Concord. 
James  Wilson,2  Keene. 


SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


NEW  JERSEY. 


Moses  Norris,  jr.,  Manchester. 

George  W.  Morrison,1  Manchester. 
Harry  Hibbard,  Bath. 


William  L.  Dayton,  Trenton. 

Andrew  K.  Hay,  Winslow. 
William  A.  Newell,  Allentown. 
Isaac  Wildrick,  Blairstown. 


SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


NEW  YORK. 


Jacob  W.  Miller,  Monistown. 

John  Van  Dyke,  New  Brunswick. 
James  G.  King,  Hoboken. 


SENATORS. 


Daniel  S.  Dickinson,  Binghamton. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


John  A.  King,  Jamaica. 
David  A.  Bokee,  Brooklyn. 
J.  Phillips  Phoenix,  New  York. 
Walter  Underbill,  New  York. 
George  Briggs,  New  York. 
James  Brooks,  New  York. 
William  Nelson,  Peekskill. 
Ransom  Halloway,  Beekman. 
Thomas  McKissock,  Newburgh. 
Herman  D.  Gould,  Delhi. 
Peter  H.  Silvester,  Coxsackie. 
Gideon  Reynolds,  Hoosick. 
John  L.  Schoolcraft,  Albany. 
George  R.  Andrews,  Ticonderoga. 
John  R.  Thurman,  Chestertown. 
Hugh  White,  Cohoes. 
Henry  P.  Alexander,  Little  Falls. 


William  II .  Seward,  Auburn. 

Preston  King,  Ogdensburg. 
Charles  E.  Clarke,  Great  Bend. 
Orsamus  B.  Matteson,  Utica. 
Hiram  Walden,  Waldensville. 
Henry  Bennett,  New  Berlin. 
William  Duer,  Oswego. 
Daniel  Gott,  Pompey. 
Harmon  S.  Conger,  Cortland. 
William  T.  Jackson,  Havana. 
William  A.  Sackett,  Seneca  Falls. 
Abraham  M.  Schermerhorn,  Rochester. 
Robert  L.  Rose,  Aliens  Hill. 
David  Rumsey,  jr.,  Bath. 
Elijah  Risley,  Fredonia. 
Elbridge  G.  Spaulding,  Buffalo. 
Harvey  Putnam,  Attica. 
Lorenzo  Burrows,  Albion. 


NORTH  CAROLINA. 


SENATORS. 


Willie  P.  Mangum,  Red  Mountain. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


Thomas  L.  Clingman,  Asheyille. 
Joseph  P.  Caldwell,  Statesville. 
Edmund  Deberry,  Mount  Gilead. 
Augustine  H.  Shepperd,  Salem.    • 
Abraham  W.  Venable,  Brownsville. 


George  E.  Badger,  Raleigh. 


John  R.  J.  Daniel,  Halifax. 
William  S.  Ashe,  Wilmington. 
Edward  Stanly,  Washington. 
David  Outlaw,  Windsor. 


OHIO. 


Thomas  Corwin,3  Lebanon. 
Thomas  Ewing,4  Lancaster. 


SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


David  T.  Disney,  Cincinnati. 

Lewis  D.  Campbell,  Hamilton. 

Robert  C.  Schenck,  Dayton. 

Moses  B.  Corwin,  Urbana. 

Emery  D.  Potter,  Toledo. 

Rudolphus  Dickinson, 5LowerSandusky. 

Amos  E.  Wood,6  Woodville. 

John  Bell,7  Fremont. 

Jonathan  D.  Morris,  Batavia. 

John  L.  Taylor,  Chillicothe. 

Edson  B.  Olds,  Circle ville. 

Charles  Sweetser,  Delaware. 


Salmon  P.  Chase,  Cincinnati. 


John  K.  Miller,  Mount  Vernon. 
Samuel  F.  Vinton,  Gallipolis. 
William  A.  Whittlesey,  Marietta. 
Nathan  Evans,  Cambridge. 
William  F.  Hunter,  Woodsfield. 
Moses  Hoagland,  Millersburg. 
Joseph  Cable,  Carrollton. 
David  K.  Cartter,  Massillon. 
John  Crowell,  Warren. 
Joshua  R.  Giddings,  Jefferson. 
Joseph  M.  Root,  Sandusky. 


1  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  James  Wil- 
son, and  took  his  seat  December  2, 1850;  election  unsuccessfully 
contested  by  Jared  Perkins. 

2  Resigned  September  9, 1850. 

3  Resigned  July  20,  1850,  having  been  appointed  Secretary  of 
the  Treasury. 

*  Appointed  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  Thomas 
Corwin,  and  took  his  seat  July  27,  1850. 


s  Died  March  12,  1849. 

6  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  the  death  of  Rudolphus 
Dickinson,  and  took  his  seat  December  3, 1849;  died  Novem- 
ber 19,  1850. 

7  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  death  of  Amos  E.  Wood, 
and  took  his  seat  January  7, 1851. 


184 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 


PENNSYLVANIA. 


SENATORS. 


Daniel  Sturgeon,  Union  town. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


Lewis  C.  Levin,  Philadelphia. 
Joseph  R.  Chandler,  Philadelphia. 
Henry  D.  Moore,  Philadelphia. 
John  Bobbins,  jr.,  3  Philadelphia. 
John  Freedley,  Norristown. 
Thomas  Ross,  Doylestown. 
Jesse  C.  Dickey,  New  London. 
Thaddeus  Stevens,  Lancaster. 
William  Strong,  Reading. 
Milo  M.  Dimmick,  Stroudsburg. 
David  Wilmot,  Towanda. 
Joseph  Casey,  New  Berlin. 
Charles  W.  Pitman,  Pottsville. 


James  Cooper,  Pottsville. 


Henry  Nes,1  York. 

Joel  B.  Danner,2  Gettysburg. 

James  X.  McLanahan,  Chambersburg. 

Samuel  Calvin,  Hollidaysburg. 

Andrew  J.  Ogle,  Somerset. 

Job  Mann,  Bedford. 

Robert  R.  Reed,  Washington. 

Moses  Hampton,  Pittsburgh. 

John  W.  Howe,  Franklin. 

James  Thompson,  Erie. 

Alfred  Gilmore,  Butler. 

Chester  Butler,4  Wilkes-Barre. 

John  Brisbin,5  Wilkes-Barre. 


RHODE  ISLAND. 


John  H.  Clarke,  Providence. 
George  G.  King,  Newport. 


SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


Albert  C.  Greene,  Providence. 


John  C.  Calhoun,6Pendleton. 
Franklin  H.  Elmore.7 
Robert  W.Barnwell.8 
R.  Barnwell  Rhett,9 Charleston. 


Nathan  F.  Dixon,  Westerly. 
SOUTH  CAROLINA. 

SENATORS. 

Andrew  P.  Butler,  Edgefield. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 

Daniel  Wallace,  Union. 
James  L.  Orr,  Anderson. 
Joseph  A.  Woodward,  Winnsboro. 
John  McQueen,  Bennettsville. 

TENNESSEE. 

SENATORS. 

Hopkins  L.  Turney,  Winchester. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

Andrew  Johnson,  Greenville. 
Albert  G.  Watkins,  Panther  Springs. 
Josiah  M.  Anderson,  Fairview. 
John  H.  Savage,  Smithville. 
George  W.  Jones,  Favetteville. 
James  H.  Thomas,  Columbia. 

TEXAS. 


Armistead  Burt,  Willington. 
Isaac  E.  Holmes,  Charleston. 
William  F.  Colcock,  Grahamville. 


John  Bell,  Nashville. 


Meredith  P.  Gentry,  Franklin. 
Andrew  Ewing,  Nashville. 
Isham  G.  Harris,  Paris. 
Frederick  P.  Stan  ton,  Memphis. 
Christopher  H.  Williams,  Lexington. 


SENATORS. 


Sam  Houston,  Huntsville. 


Thomas  J.  Rusk,  Nacogdoches. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 

David  S.  Kaufman,10  Sabine.  Volney  E.  Howard,  San  Antonio. 


>  Died  September  10, 1850. 

2  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  death  of  Henry  Nes,  and 
took  his  seat  December  2, 1850. 

3  Election  unsuccessfully  contested  by  John  S.  Littell. 
<  Died  October  5, 1850. 

6  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  death  of  Chester  Butler, 
and  took  his  seat  January  13, 1851. 

o  Died  March  31,  1850. 

7  Appointed  to  fill  vacancy  in  term  ending  March  3,  1853, 
caused  by  death  of  John  C.  Calhoun,  and  took  his  seat  May  6, 
1850;  died  May  29, 1850. 


8  Appointed  to  fill  vacancy  in  term  ending  March  3,  1853, 
caused  by  deaths  of  John  C.  Calhoun  and  Franklin  H.  El- 
more,  and  took  his  seat  June  24,  1850. 

9  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  in  term  ending  March  3,  1853, 
caused  by  deaths  of  John  C.  Calhoun  and  Franklin  H.  El- 
more,  and  took  his  seat  January  6, 1851. 

i"  Died  January  31, 1851. 


THIRTY-FIRST  CONGRESS. 


185 


VERMONT. 


SENATORS. 


Samuel  S.  Phelps,  Middlebury. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


William  Henry,  Bellows  Falls. 
William  Hebard,  Chelsea. 
George  P.  Marsh,1  Burlington 


VIRGINIA. 


SENATORS. 


James  M.  Mason, Winchester. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


John  S.  Millson,  Norfolk. 
Richard  K.  Meade,  Petersburg. 
Thomas  H.  Averett,  Halifax. 
Thos.  S.  Bocock,  Appomattox. 
Paulus  Powell,  Amherst. 
James  A.  Seddon,  Richmond. 
Thomas  H.  Bayly,  Accomac. 
Alexander  R.  Holladay,  Mansfield. 


Henry  Dodge,  Dodgeville. 


Charles  Durkee,  Southport. 
Orsamus  Cole,  Potosi 


WISCONSIN. 

SENATORS. 
REPRESENTATIVES. 


William  Upham,  Montpelier. 

James  Meacham,2  Middlebury. 
Lucius  B.  Peck,  Montpelier. 


Robert  M.  T.  Hunter,  Lloyds. 


Jeremiah  Morton,  Raccoon  Ford. 
Richard  Parker,  Berryville. 
James  McDowell,  Lexington. 
Henry  A.  Edmundson,  Salem. 
Fayette  McMullen,  Rye  Cove. 
James  M.  H.  Beale,  Point  Pleasant. 
Alexander  Newman,3  Wheeling. 
Thomas  S.  Haymond,4  Fairmount. 


Isaac  P.  Walker,  Milwaukee. 


James  Duane  Doty,  Menasha. 


TERRITORY  OF  MINNESOTA.5 

DELEGATE. 

Henry  H.  Sibley,  Mendota. 
TERRITORY  OF  OREGON.8 

DELEGATE. 

Samuel  R.  Thurston,  Linn  City. 


i  Resigned  In  1849  to  become  Minister  to  Turkey. 
*  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  the  resignation  of  George 
P.  Marsh,  and  took  his  seat  December  3, 1849. 

3  Died  September  8, 1849,  before  the  convening  of  Congress. 

4  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  death  of  Alexander  New- 
man, and  took  his  seat  December  3, 1849. 


8  Formed  March  3, 1849,  from  the  portion  of  Wisconsin  Terri- 
tory remaining  after  the  erection  of  the  State  of  Wisconsin, 
(May  29, 1848),  and  granted  a  Delegate  in  Congress. 

8  Formed  August  14, 1848,  from  territory  ceded  to  the  United 
States  by  the  treaty  with  France  of  April  30,  1803,  the  treaty 
with  Spain  of  February  22,  1819,  and  the  treaty  with  Great 
Britain  of  June  15, 1846. 


THIRTY-SECOND  CONGRESS. 


MARCH  4,  1851,  TO  MARCH  3,  1853. 


FIRST  SESSION— December  1, 1851,  to  August  81, 1852.  SECOND  SESSION— December  6, 
1852,  to  March  3,  18£3.  SPECIAL  SESSION  OF  THE  SENATE— March  4,  1851,  to 
March  13,  1851. 


VICE  PRESIDENT ' .   PRESIDENTS    OF    THE   SENATE   PRO   TEMPORE— William 

R.  King,2  of  Alabama;  David  R.  Atchison,3  of  Missouri.     SECRETARY  OF  THE  SENATE — Asbury 
Dickens,  of  North  Carolina. 

SPEAKER  OF  THE   HOUSE— Linn  Boyd,  of  Kentucky.     CLERK  OF  THE  HOUSE— John  W. 
Forney,  of  Pennsylvania. 

ALABAMA. 

SENATORS. 

William  R.  King,4  Selma.  Jeremiah  Clemens,  Huntsville. 

Benjamin  Fitzpatrick,5  Wetumpka. 

REPRESENTATIVE. 

John  Bragg,  Mobile.  George  S.  Houston,  Athens. 

James  Abercrombie,  Girard.  Williamson  R.  W.  Cobb,  Bellefont. 

Sampson  W.  Harris,  Wetumpka.  Alexander  White,  Talladega. 
William  R.  Smith,  Fayette. 

ARKANSAS. 

SENATORS. 

William  K.  Sebastian,  Helena.  Solon  Borland,  Hot  Springs. 

REPRESENTATIVE. 

Robert  W.  Johnson,  Little  Rock. 
CALIFORNIA. 

SENATORS. 

William  M.  Gwin,  San  Francisco.  John  B.  Weller.6  San  Francisco. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

Edward  C.  Marshall,  Sonora.  Joseph  W.  McCorkle,  Marysville. 

CONNECTICUT. 

SENATORS. 

Truman  Smith,  Litchfield.  Isaac  Toucey,7  Hartford. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

Charles  Chapman,  Hartford.  Chauncey  F.  Cleveland,  Hampton. 

Colin  M.  Ingersoll,  New  Haven.  Origen  S.  Seymour,  Litchfield. 


'Vice  President  Millard  Fillmore  became  President  on  the  liam  R.  King,  and  took  his  seat  January  20,  1853;    subse- 

death  of  Zachary  Taylor  in  preceding  Congress.  quently  elected. 

2  Resigned  as  President  pro  tempore  December  20,  1852.  "Took  his  seat  March  17, 1852;  vacancy  from  March  4, 1851, 

3  Elected  December  20,  1852.  to  March  17,  1852. 

« Resigned  in  January,  1853.  'Took  his  seat  May  14,  1852;  vacancy  from  March  4,  1851, 

5  Appointed  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  Wil-  to  May  12, 1852. 

186 


THIRTY-SECOND  CONGRESS.  187 

DELAWARE. 

SENATORS. 

Presley  Spruance,  Smyrna.  James  A.  Bayard,  Wilmington. 

REPRESENTATIVE. 

George  Read  Riddle,  Wilmington. 
FLORIDA. 

SENATORS. 

Jackson  Morton,  Pensacola.  Stephen  R.  Mallory,1  Jacksonville. 

REPRESENTATIVE . 

Edward  C.  Cabell,  Tallehassee. 
GEORGIA. 

SENATORS. 


John  Macpherson  Berrien,2  Savannah. 
Robert  M.  Charlton,3  Savannah. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


Joseph  W.  Jackson,  Savannah. 
James  Johnson,  Columbus. 
David  J.  Bailey,  Jackson. 
Charles  Murphy,  Decatur. 


William  C.  Dawson,  Greensboro. 


Elijah  W.  Chastain,  Tacoah. 
Junius  Hillyer,  Monroe. 
Alexander  H.  Stephens,  Crawford ville. 
Robert  Toombs,  Washington. 


ILLINOIS. 

SENATORS. 

Stephen  A.  Douglas,  Chicago.  James  Shields,  Belleville. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 


William  H.  Bissell,  Belleville. 
Willis  Allen,  Marion. 
Orlando  B.  Ficklin,  Charleston. 
Richard  S.  Molony,  Belvidere. 


Jesse  D.  Bright,  Madison. 


INDIANA. 

SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


James  Lockhart,  Evansville. 
Cyrus  L.  Dunham,  Salem. 
John  L.  Robinson,  Rush  ville. 
Samuel  W.  Parker,  Connersville. 
Thomas  A.  Hendricks,  Shelbyville. 


William  A.  Richardson,  Quincy. 
Thompson  Campbell,  Galena. 
Richard  Yates,  Jacksonville. 


James  Whitcomb,4  Indianapolis. 
Charles  W.  Cathcart,5  Laporte. 
John  Pettit,6  La  Fayette. 


Willis  A.  Gorman,  Blopmington. 
John  G.  Davis,  Rockville. 
Daniel  Mace,  LaFayette. 
Graham  N.  Fitch,  Logansport. 
Samuel  Brenton,  Fort  Wayne. 


IOWA. 

SENATORS. 

Augustus  C.  Dodge,  Burlington.  George  W.  Jones,  Dubuque. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

Bernhart  Henn,  Fairneld.  Lincoln  Clark,  Dubuque. 

'  Election  unsuccessfully  contested  by  David  L.  Yulee.  *  Appointed  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  death  of  James  Whit- 

1  Resigned  May  28. 1852.  comb,  and  took  his  seat  December  (i,  1852. 

*  Appointed  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  John  «  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  death  of  James  Whitcomb, 

Macpherson  Berrien,  and  took  his  seat  June  11, 1852.  and  took  his  seat  January  18, 1853. 
«  Died  October  4, 1852. 


188  CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 

KENTUCKY. 

SENATORS. 

Joseph  R.  Underwood,  Bowling  Green. 


Henry  Clay,1  Lexington. 
David  Men  wether.2  Louisville. 
Archibald  Dixon,3  Henderson. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


Linn  Bqyd,  Paducah. 
Benjamin  E.  Grey,  Hopkinsville. 
Presley  U.  Ewing,  Russellville. 
William  T.  Ward,  Greensburg. 
James  W.  Stone,  Elizabeth  town. 
Addison  White,  Richmond. 


Humphrey  Marshall,4  Newcastle. 
William  Preston,6  Louisville. 
John  C.  Breckinridge,  Lexington. 
John  C.  Mason,  Owensville. 
Richard  H.  Stan  ton,  Maysville. 


LOUISIANA. 

SENATORS. 

Solomon  W.  Downs,  Monroe.  Pierre  Soule",  New  Orleans. 

REPRESENTATIVES . 


Louis  St.  Martin,  New  Orleans. 
J/Aristide  Landry,  Donaldson ville. 


Alexander  G.  Penn,  Covington. 
John  Moore,  New  Iberia. 


Ephraim  K.  Smart,  Camden. 
Israel  Washburn,  jr.,  Orono. 
Thomas  J.  D.  Fuller,  Calais. 


MAINE. 

SENATORS. 

James  W.  Bradbury,  Augusta.  Hannibal  Hamlin,  Hampden. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

Moses  McDonald,  Biddeford. 
John  Appleton,  Portland. 
Robert  Goodenow,  Farmington. 
Charles  Andrews,6  Paris. 
Isaac  Reed,7  Waldoboro. 

MARYLAND. 

SENATORS. 

James  A.  Pearce,  Chestertown.  Thomas  G.  Pratt,,  Annapolis. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

Richard  I.  Bowie,  Rockville.  Thomas  Yates  Walsh,  Baltimore. 

William  T.  Hamilton,  Hagerstown.  Alexander  Evans,  Elkton. 

Edward  Hammond,  Ellicotts  Mills.  Joseph  S.  Cottman,  Upper  Trappe. 


MASSACHUSETTS. 


John  Davis,  Worcester. 


SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


William  Appleton,  Boston. 
Orin  Fowler,8  Fall  River. 
Edward  P.  Little,9  Marshfield. 
James  H.  Duncan,  Haverhill. 
Robert  Rantoul,  jr.,10  Beverly. 
Francis  B.  Fay,11  Chelsea. 
Charles  Allen,  Worcester. 


Charles  Sumner,  Boston. 

George  T.  Davis,  Greenfield. 
John  Z.  Goodrich,  Glendale. 
Horace  Mann,  West  Newton. 
Benjamin  Thompson,12  Charlestown. 
Lorenzo  Sabine,13  Framingham. 
Zeno  Scudder,  Barnstable. 


i  Tendered  his  resignation  December  15,  1851,  "to  take 
effect  on  the  first  Monday  of  September,  1852";  died  June  29, 
1852, 

» Appointed  July  6, 1852,  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  death  of 
Henry  Clay  and  to  serve  "until  the  time  the  resignation  of 
Henry  Clay  takes  effect" ;  took  his  seat  July  15,  1852,  and 
served  until  the  adjournment  of  the  session,  August  31, 1852. 

» Elected  December  30, 1851,  to  fill  vacancy  anticipated  by 
the  resignation  of  Henry  Clay;  credentials  presented  and  he 
appeared  to  qualify  December  6,  1852;  the  seat  was  vacant 
until  December  20,  1852,  when  a  resolution  was  adopted  de- 
claring him  duly  elected  "to  fill  the  vacancy  occasioned  by 
the  resignation  of  Mr.  Clay,"  and  entitled  to  the  seat;  took 
his  seat  the  same  day. 

'Resigned  August  4, 1852. 


6  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  Humphrey 
Marshall,  and  took  his  seat  December  C,  1852. 

8  Died  April  30, 1852. 

7  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  death  of  Charles  Andrews, 
and  took  his  seat  June  25, 1852. 

8  Died  September  3, 1852. 

9  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  death  of  Orin  Fowler,  and 
took  his  seat  December  30, 1852. 

'"Died  August  7, 1852. 

11  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  death  of  Robert  Rantoul 
jr.,  and  took  his  seat  December  29, 1852. 

12  Died  September  24, 1852. 

13  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused   by  death  of   Benjamin 
Thompson,  and  took  his  seat  December  28, 1852. 


THIRTY-SECOND   CONGRESS. 


189 


MICHIGAN. 

SENATORS. 


Lewis  Cass,  Detroit. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


Ebenezer  J.  Penniman,  Plymouth. 
Charles  E.  Stuart,  Kalamazoo. 


Henry  S.  Foote,1  Jackson. 
Walter  Brooke,2  Lexington. 


MISSISSIPPI. 


SENATORS. 


RE  PR  E  8  E  NTATI VE  S . 


Benjamin  D.  Nabers,  Hickory  Flat. 
John  A.  Wilcox,  Aberdeen. 


Alpheus  Felch,  Ann  Arbor. 


James  L.  Conger,  Mount  Clemens. 


Jefferson  Davis.3  Palmyra. 
John  J.  McRae,4  Enterprise. 
Stephen  Adams,5  Aberdeen. 

John  D.  Freeman,  Jackson. 
Albert  G.  Brown,  Gallatin. 


MISSOURI. 


SENATORS. 

David  R.  Atchison,  Platte  City.  Henry  S.  Geyer,  St.  Louis. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

John  F.  Darby,  St.  Louis.  Willard  P.  Hall,  St.  Joseph. 


Gilchrist  Porter,  Bowling  Green. 
John  G.  Miller,  Boonville. 


John  S.  Phelps,  Springfield. 


NEW  HAMPSHIRE. 


John  P.  Hale,  Dover. 

Amos  Tuck,  Exeter. 
Charles  H.  Peaslee,  Concord. 


SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


Moses  Norris,  jr.,  Manchester. 

Jared  Perkins,  Winchester. 
Harry  Hibbard,  Bath. 


NEW  JERSEY. 

SENATORS. 

Jacob  W.  Miller,  Morristown.  Robert  F.  Stockton,6  Princeton. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

Nathan  T.  Stratton,  Mullica  Hill. 
Charles  Skelton,  Trenton. 
Isaac  Wildrick,  Blairstown. 

NEW  YORK. 


George  H.  Brown,  Somerville. 
Rodman  M.  Price,  Hoboken. 


William  H.  Seward,  Auburn. 


SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


John  G.  Floyd,  Moriches. 
Obadiah  Bowne,  Richmond. 
Emanuel  B.  Hart,  New  York. 
J.  H.  Hobart  Haws,  New  York. 
George  Briggs,  New  York. 
James  Brooks,  New  York. 
Abraham  P.  Stephens,  Nyack. 
Gilbert  Dean,  Poughkeepsie. 
William  Murray,  Goshen. 
Marius  Schoonmaker,  Kingston. 
Josiah  Sutherland,  Hudson. 
David  L.  Seymour,  Troy. 
John  L.  Schoolcraft,  Albany. 
John  H.  Boyd,  Whitehall. 
Joseph  Russell,  Warrensburg. 
John  Wells,  Johnstown. 
Alexander  H.  Buell,7  Fairfield. 


Hamilton  Fish,  New  York. 

Preston  King,  Ogdensburg. 
William  Ives,  Watertown. 
Timothy  Jenkins,  Oneida  Castle. 
William  W.  Snow,  Oneonta. 
Henry  Bennett,  New  Berlin. 
Leander  Babcock,  Oswego. 
Daniel  T.  Jones,  Bald  wins  ville. 
Thomas  Y.  Howe,  jr.,  Auburn. 
Henry  S.  Walbridge,  Ithaca. 
William  A.  Sackett,  Seneca  Falls. 
A.  M.  Schermerhorn,  Rochester. 
Jedediah  Hereford,  Moscow. 
Reuben  Robie,  Bath. 
Frederick  S.  Martin,  Olean. 
Solomon  G.  Haven,  Buffalo. 
Augustus  P.  Hascall,  Le  Roy. 
Lorenzo  Burrows,  Albion. 


1  Resigned  in  1852. 

1  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  Henry  S. 
Foote,  and  took  his  seat  March  11, 1852. 

8  Resigned  November ,  1851. 

4  Appointed  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  Jefferson 
Davis,  and  took  his  seat  December  19, 1851. 


6  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  Jefferson 
Davis,  and  took  his  seat  March  17, 1852. 

« Resigned  January  10,  1853;  vacancy  during  remainder  of 
the  Congress. 

'  Died  January  29, 1863. 


190 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 


NORTH  CAROLINA. 


SENATORS. 


Willie  P.  Mangum,  Red  Mountain. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


Thomas  L.  Clingman,  Asheville. 
Joseph  P.  Caldwell,  Statesville. 
Alfred  Dockery,  Dockerys  Store. 
James  T.  Morehead,  Greensboro. 
Abraham  W.  Venable,  Brownsville. 


Salmon  P.  Chase,  Cincinnati. 


OHIO. 


SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


David  T.  Disney,  Cincinnati. 
Lewis  D.  Campbell,  Hamilton. 
Hiram  Bell,  Greenville. 
Benjamin  Stan  ton,  Belief  on  taine. 
Alfred  P.  Edgerton,  Hicksville. 
Frederick  W.  Green,  Tiffin. 
Nelson  Barrere,  Hillsboro. 
John  L.  Taylor,  Chillicothe. 
Edson  B.  Olds,  Circleville. 
Charles  Sweetser,  Delaware. 
George  H.  Busby,  Marion. 


George  E.  Badger,  Raleigh. 


John  R.  J.  Daniel,  Halifax. 
William  S.  Ashe,  Wilmington. 
Edward  Stanly,  Washington. 
David  Outlaw,  Windsor. 


Benjamin  F.  Wade,  Jefferson. 


John  Welch,  Athens. 
James  M.  Gaylord,  McConnellsville. 
Alexander  Harper,  Zanesville. 
William  F.  Hunter,  Woodsfield. 
John  Johnson,  Coshocton. 
Joseph  Cable,  Carrollton. 
David  K.  Cartter,  Massillon. 
Eben  Newton,  Canfield. 
Joshua  R.  Giddings,  Jefferson. 
Norton  S.  Townshend,  Avon. 


PENNSYLVANIA. 


James  Cooper,  Pottsville. 


SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


Thomas  B.  Florence.  Philadelphia. 
Joseph  R.  Chandler,  Philadelphia. 
Henry  D.  Moore,  Philadelphia. 
John  Robbins,  jr.,  Kensington. 
John  McNair,  Norristown. 
Thomas  Ross,  Doylestown. 
John  A.  Morrison,  Cochransville. 
Thaddeus  Stevens,  Lancaster. 
J.  Glancy  Jones,  Reading. 
Milo  M.  Dimmick,  Stroudsburg. 
Henry  M.  Fuller,1  Wilkes-Barre. 
Galusha  A.  Grow,  Glenwood. 


Richard  Brodhead,  Easton. 


James  Gamble,  Jersey  Shore. 

Thomas  M.  Bibighaus,  Lebanon. 

William  H.  Kurtz,  York. 

James  X.  McLanahan,  Chambersbunj. 

Andrew  Parker,  Mifflintown. 

John  L.  Dawson,  Brownsville. 

Joseph  H.  Kuhns,  Greensburg. 

John  Allison,  Beaver. 

Thomas  M.  Howe,  Allegheny  City. 

John  W.  Howe,  Franklin. 

Carl  ton  B.  Curtis,  WTarren. 

Alfred  Gilmore,  Butler. 


RHODE  ISLAND. 

SENATORS. 

John  H.  Clarke,  Providence.  Charles  T.  James,  Providence. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

George  G.  King,  Newport.  Benjamin  B.  Thurston,  Hopkinton. 

SOUTH  CAROLINA. 


SENATORS. 


Andrew  P.  Butler,  Edgefield. 


R.  Barnwell  Rhett,2 Charleston. 
William  F.  De  Saussure,3  Columbia. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


Armistead  Burt,  Willington. 
William  Aiken,  Charleston. 
William  F.  Colcock,  Grahamville. 


Daniel  Wallace,  Jonesville. 
James  L.  Orr,  Anderson. 
Joseph  A.  Woodward,  Winnsboro. 
John  McQueen,  Bennettsville. 

'  Election  unsuccessfully  contested  by  Hendrick  B.  Wright.          3  Appointed  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  R.  Barn- 
!  Resigned  in  1852.  well  Rhelt,  and  took  his  seat  May  24,   1852;  subsequently 

elected. 


John  Bell,  Nashville. 


THIRTY-SECOND   CONGRESS. 

TENNESSEE. 

SENATORS. 


191 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


Andrew  Johnson,  Greeneville. 
Albert  G.  Watkins,  Panther  Springs. 
William  M.  Churchwell,  Knoxville. 
John  H.  Savage,  Smithville. 
George  W.  Jones,  Fayetteville. 
William  H.  Polk,  Columbia. 


Sam  Houston,  Huntsville. 


Richardson  Scurry,  Clarksville. 


Solomon  Foot,  Rutland. 


Ahiman  L.  Miner,  Manchester. 
William  Hebard,  Chelsea. 


TEXAS. 

SENATORS. 
REPRESENTATIVES. 

VERMONT. 

SENATORS. 
REPRESENTATIVES. 

VIRGINIA. 

SENATORS. 


Robert  M.  T.  Hunter,  Lloyds. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

John  S.  Millson,  Norfolk. 
Richard  K.  Meade,  Petersburg. 
Thomas  H.  Averett,  Halifax. 
Thomas  S.  Bocock,  Appomattox. 
Paulus  Powell,  Amherst. 
John  S.  Caskie,  Richmond. 
Thomas  H.  Bayly,  Accomac. 
Alexander  R.  Holladay,  Mansfield. 


Henry  Dodge,  Dodgeville. 


WISCONSIN. 

SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


Charles  Durkee,  Kenosha. 
Benjamin  C.  Eastman,  Platteville. 


James  C.  Jones,  Memphis. 

Meredith  P.  Gentry,  Franklin. 
William  Cullom,  Carthage. 
Isham  G.  Harris,  Paris. 
Frederick  P.  Stan  ton,  Memphis. 
Christopher  H.  Williams,  Lexington. 


Thomas  J.  Rusk,  Nacogdoches. 
Volney  E.  Howard,  San  Antonio. 


William  Upham,1  Montpelier. 
Samuel  S.  Phelps,2  Middlebury. 

James  Meacham,  Middlebury. 
Thomas  Bartlett,  jr.,  Lyndon. 


James  M.  Mason,  Winchester. 

James  F.  Strother,  Rappahannock. 
Charles  J.  Faulkner,  Martinsburg. 
John  Letcher,  Lexington. 
Henry  A.  Edmundson,  Salem. 
Fayette  McMullen,  Rye  Cove. 
James  M.  H.  Beale,  Point  Pleasant. 
George  W.  Thompson.3 
Sherrard  Clemens,4  Wheeling. 


Isaac  P.  WTalker,  Milwaukee. 
James  Duane  Doty,  Menasha. 


TERRITORY  OF  MINNESOTA. 

DELEGATE. 

Henry  H.  Sibley,  Mendota. 
TERRITORY  OF  NEW  MEXICO.5 

DELEGATE. 

Richard  H.  Weightman,6  Santa  Fe. 
TERRITORY  OF  OREGON. 


DELEGATE. 

Joseph  Lane,  Oregon  City. 
TERRITORY  OF  UTAH.5 

DELEGATE. 

John  M.  Bernhisel,6  Salt  Lake  City. 


i  Died  January  14, 1853. 

*  Appointed  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  death  of  William  Up- 
ham, and  took  his  seat  January  19,  1853. 

» Resigned  in  1852. 

4  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  George  W. 
Thompson,  and  took  his  seat  December  6,  1852. 


6  Formed  from  a  portion  of  the  territory  ceded  to  the 
United-  States  by  Mexico  by  the  treaty  of  Guadalupe  Hidalgo 
of  February  2,  1848,  and  erected  into  a  territorial  government, 
and  granted  a  Delegate  in  Congress  by  Act  of  September  9, 
1850. 

e  Took  his  seat  December  1,  1851. 


THIRTY-THIRD  CONGRESS. 


MARCH  4,  1853,  TO  MARCH  3,  1855. 


FIRST  SESSION— December  5,  1853,  to  August  7,  1854.  SECOND  SESSION— December 
4,  1864,  to  March  3,  1855.  SPECIAL  SESSION  OF  THE  SENATE— March  4,  1853,  to 
April  11,  1853. 


VICE-PEE SIDENT— William  B.  King,1  of  Alabama.  PBESIDENTS  OF  THE  SENATE  PRO 
TEMPOBE — David  B.  Atchison,2  of  Missouri;  Lewis  Cass,3  of  Michigan;  Jesse  D.  Bright,4  of  Indiana. 
SECBETABY  OF  THE  SENATE— Asbury  Dickens,  of  North  Carolina. 

SPEAKEB  OF  THE  HOUSE— Linn  Boyd,  of  Kentucky.  CLEBK  OF  THE  HOUSE— John  W. 
Forney,  of  Pennsylvania. 


ALABAMA. 

SENATORS. 

Benjamin  Fitzpatrick,  Wetumpka.  Clement  0.  Clay,  jr.,  Huntsville. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

Philip  Phillips,  Mobile.  George  S.  Houston,  Athens. 

James  Abercrombie,  Girard.  Williamson  R.  W.  Cobb,  Bellefont. 

Sampson  W.  Harris,  Wetumpka.  James  F.  Dowdell,  Chambers. 

William  R.  Smith,  Fayette. 

ARKANSAS. 

SENATORS. 

William  K.  Sebastian,  Helena.  Solon  Borland,5  Hot  Springs. 

Robert  W.  Johnson,0  Little  Rock. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

Alfred  B.  Greenwood,  Bentonville.  Edward  A.  Warren,  Camden. 

CALIFORNIA. 

SENATORS. 

William  M.  Gwin,  San  Francisco.  John  B.  Weller,  San  Francisco. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

Milton  S.  Latham,  Sacramento  City.  James  A.  McDougall,  San  Francisco. 

CONNECTICUT. 

SENATORS. 

Truman  Smith,7  Litchfield.  Isaac  Toucey,  Hartford. 

Francis  Gillette,8  Hartford. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

James  T.  Pratt,  Rockyhill.  Nathan  Belcher,  New  London. 

Colin  M.  Ingersoll,  New  Haven.  Origen  S.  Seymour,  Litchfield. 

DELAWARE. 

SENATORS. 

James  A.  Bayard,  Wilmington.  John  M.  Clayton,  Chippewa. 

REPRESENTATIVE. 

George  Read  Riddle,  Wilmington. 

1  Died  April  18, 1853,  after  taking  the  oath  of  office  at  Ha-  6  Appointed  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  Solon 
vana,  a  privilege  accorded  by  special  act  of  Congress.  Borland,  and  took  his  seat  December  5,  1853;   subsequently 

2  Elected  March  4, 1853.  elected. 

3  Elected  December  4, 1854,  for  one  day  only.  7  Resigned  to  take  effect  May  24, 1854. 

< Elected  Decembers,  1854.  selected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  Truman 

6  Resigned  April  3,  1853,  to  become  minister   to  Central      Smith,  and  took  his  seat  May  25, 1854. 
America. 

192 


THIRTY-THIRD   CONGRESS. 


193 


FLORIDA. 

SENATORS. 

Jackson  Morton,  Pensacola.  Stephen  R.  Mallory,  Jacksonville. 

REPRESENTATIVE. 

Augustus  E.  Maxwell,  Tallahassee. 
GEORGIA. 


SENATORS. 

William  C.  Dawson,  Greensboro. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

James  L.  Seward,  Thomas ville. 

Alfred  H.  Colquitt,  Newton. 

David  J.  Bailey,  Jackson.  • 

William  B.  W.  Dent,  Newnan. 


Stephen  A.  Douglas,  Chicago. 


ILLINOIS. 

SENATORS. 
REPRESENTATIVES. 


Elihu  B.  Washburne,  Galena. 
John  Wentworth,  Chicago. 
Jesse  O.  Norton,  Joliet. 
James  Knox,  Knox ville. 
William  A.  Richardson,  Quincy. 


INDIANA. 

SENATORS. 


Jesse  D.  Bright,  Madison. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

Smith  Miller,  Patoka. 
William  H.  English,  Lexington. 
Cyrus  L.  Dunham,  Valley  Farm. 
James  H.  Lane,  Lawrenceburg. 
Samuel  W.  Parker,  Conners ville. 
Thomas  A.  Hendricks,  Shelbyville. 

IOWA. 


SENATORS. 


Augustus  C.  Dodge,  Burlington. 


Bernhart  Henn,  Fairfield. 


Archibald  Dixon,  Henderson. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


KENTUCKY. 


SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


Linn  Boyd,  Paducah. 
Benjamin  E.  Grey,  Hopkinsville. 
Presley  Ewing,1  Russell  ville. 
Francis  M.  Bristow,2  Elkton. 
James  S.  Chrisman,  Monticello. 
Clement  S.  Hill,  Lebanon. 


Pierre  Soule,3  New  Orleans. 
John  Slidell,4  New  Orleans. 


LOUISIANA. 


SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


William  Dunbar,  New  Orleans. 
Theodore  G.  Hunt,  New  Orleans. 


Robert  Toombs,  Washington. 


Elijah  W.  Chastain,  Tacoah. 
Junius  Hillyer,  Monroe. 
David  A.  Reese,  Monticello. 
Alexander  H.  Stephens,  Crawford  ville. 


James  Shields,  Belleville. 


Richard  Yates,  Jacksonville. 
James  C.  Allen,  Palestine. 
William  H.  Bissell,  Belleville. 
Willis  Allen,  Marion. 


John  Pettit,  La  Fayette. 

John  G.  Davis,  Rock  ville. 
Daniel  Mace,  La  Fayette. 
Norman  Eddy,  South  Bend. 
Ebenezer  M.  Chamberlain,  Goshen. 
Andrew  J.  Harlan,  Marion. 


George  W.  Jones,  Dubuque. 
John  P.  Cook,  Davenport. 

John  B.  Thompson,1  Harrodsburg. 


John  M.  Elliott,  Prestonburg. 
William  Preston,  Louisville. 
John  C.  Breckinridge,  Lexington. 
Leander  M.  Cox,  Flemingsburg. 
Richard  H.  Stan  ton,  Maysville. 


Judah  P.  Benjamin,  New  Orleans. 


John  Perkins,  jr.,  Ash  wood. 
Roland  Jones,  Shreveport. 


1  Died  September  27, 1854. 

2  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  death  of  Presley  Ewing, 
and  took  his  seat  December  4, 1854. 

50346°— S.  Doc.  654,  61-2 13 


s  Resigned  April  11, 1853. 

<  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  Pierre  Soule1, 
and  took  his  seat  December  5, 1853. 


194 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 
MAINE. 


SENATORS. 

Hannibal  Hamlin,  Hampden.  William  Pitt  Fessenden,1  Portland. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 


Moses  McDonald,  Portland. 

Samuel  Mahall,  Gray. 

E.  Wilder  Farley,  Newcastle. 


James  A.  Pearce,  Chestertown. 


MARYLAND. 


SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


John  R.  Franklin,  Snow  Hill. 
Jacob  Shower,  Manchester. 
Joshua  Vansant,  Baltimore. 
Henry  May,  Baltimore. 


Samuel  P.  Benson,  Winthrop. 
Israel  Waehburn,  jr.,  Orono. 
Thomas  J.  D.  Fuller,  Calais. 


Thomas  G.  Pratt,  Annapolis. 


William  T.  Hamilton,  Hagerstown. 
Augustus  R.  Sellers,  Prince  Frederick- 
town. 


MA  SSACHTJSETTS. 


Edward  Everett,2  Boston. 
Julius  Rockwell,3  Pittsfield. 
Henry  Wilson,4  Natick. 


SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


Zeno  Scudder,5  Barnstable. 
Thomas  D.  Eliot,6  New  Bedford. 
Samuel  L.  Crocker,  Taunton. 
J.  Wiley  Edmands,  Lawrence. 
Samuel  H.  Walley,  Roxbury. 
William  Appleton,  Boston. 


Lewis  Cass,  Detroit. 


David  Stuart,  Detroit. 
David  A.  Noble,  Monroe. 


Stephen  Adams,  Aberdeen. 


MICHIGAN. 


SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


MISSISSIPPI. 


SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


Daniel  B.  Wright,  Salem. 
William  T.  S.  Barry,  Greenwood. 
Otho  R.  Singleton,  Canton. 


Charles  Sumner,  Boston. 


Charles  W.  Upham,  Salem. 
Nathaniel  P.  Banks,  jr.,  Waltham. 
Tappan  Wentworth,  Lowell. 
Alexander  De  Witt,  Oxford. 
Edward  Dickinson,  Amherst. 
John  Z.  Goodrich,  Glendale. 


Charles  E.  Stuart,  Kalamazoo. 


Samuel  Clark,  Kalamazoo. 
Hestor  L.  Stevens,  Pontiac. 


Albert  G.  Brown,7  Newton. 


Wiley  P.  Harris,  Monticello. 
William  Barksdale,  Columbus. 


MISSOURI. 


SENATORS. 


David  R.  Atchison,  Platte  City. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


Thomas  H.  Benton,  St.  Louis. 
Alfred  W.  Lamb,  Hannibal. 
James  J.  Lindley,  Monticello. 
Mordecai  Oliver,  Richmond. 


Henry  S.  Geyer,  St.  Louis. 


John  G.  Miller,  Boonville. 
John  S.  Phelps,  Springfield. 
Samuel  Caruthers,  Fredericktown . 


i  Elected  for  the  term  commencing  March  4,  1853,  and  took 
his  seat  February  23, 1854;  vacancy  in  the,  meantime. 

»  Resigned  May  17, 1854. 

*  Appointed  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  Edward 
Everett,  and  took  his  seat  June  15, 1854. 

«  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  Edward 
Everett,  and  took  his  seat  February  10, 1855. 


&  Resigned  March  4, 1854. 

6  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused   by  resignation  of ,  Zeno 
Scudder,  and  took  his  seat  April  1 7, 1854. 

7  Elected  for  the  term  beginning  March  4,  1853;  took  his 
seat  January  2ti,  1854. 


THIRTY-THIRD   CONGRESS. 


195 


NEW  HAMPSHIRE. 

SENATORS. 


Moses  Norris,  jr.,1  Manchester. 
John  S.  Wells,2  Exeter. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


George  W.  Kittredge,  Newmarket. 
George  W.  Morrison,  Manchester. 


Charles  G.  Atherton,3  Nashua. 
Jared  W.  Williams,4  Lancaster. 

Harry  Hibbard,  Bath. 


NEW  JERSEY. 

SENATORS. 

John  R.  Thomson,5  Princeton.  William  Wright,  Newark. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

Nathan  T.  Stratton,  Mullica  Hill. 
Charles  Skelton,  Trenton. 
Samuel  Lilly,  Lambertville. 

NEW  YORK. 


George  Vail,  Morristown. 

Alexander  C.  M.  Pennington,  Newark. 


SENATORS. 
William  H.  Seward,  Auburn. 

REPRESENTATIVES . 

James  Maurice,  Maspeth. 
Thomas  W.  Gumming,  Brooklyn. 
Hiram  Walbridge,  New  York. 
Mike  Walsh,  New  York. 
William  M.  Tweed,  New  York. 
John  Wheeler,  New  York. 
William  A.  Walker,  New  York. 
Francis  B.  Cutting,  New  York. 
Jared  V.  Peck,  Port  Chester. 
William  Murray,  Goshen. 
Theodore  R.  Westbrook,  Kingston. 
Gilbert  Dean,6  Poughkeepsie. 
Isaac  Teller,7  Mattawan. 
Russell  Sage,  Troy. 
Rufus  W.  Peckham,  Albany. 
Charles  Hughes,  Sandy  Hill. 
George  A.  Simmons,  Keeseville. 
Bishop  Perkins,  Ogdensburg. 


Hamilton  Fish,  New  York. 

Peter  Rowe,  Schenectady. 
George  W.  Chase,  Schenevus1 
Orsamus  B.  Matteson,  Utica. 
Henry  Bennett,  New  Berlin. 
Gerrit  Smith,8  Petersboro. 
Henry  C.  Goodwin,9  Hamilton. 
Caleb  Lyon,  Lyonsdale. 
Daniel  T.  Jones,  Baldwinsville. 
Edwin  B.  Morgan,  Aurora. 
Andrew  Oliver,  Penn  Yan. 
John  J.  Taylor,  Owego. 
George  Hastings,  Mount  Morris. 
Davis  Carpenter,10  Brockport. 
Benjamin  Pringle,  Batavia. 
Thomas  T.  Flagler,  Lockport. 
Solomon  G.  Haven,  Buffalo. 
Reuben  E.  Fenton,  Frewsburg. 


NORTH  CAROLINA. 


George  E.  Badger,  Raleigh. 


SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


Henry  M.  Shaw,  Indian  Town. 
Thomas  Ruffin,  Goldsboro. 
William  S.  Ashe,  Wilmington. 
Sion  H.  Rogers,  Raleigh. 


OHIO. 


David  S.  Reid,11  Wentworth. 

John  Kerr,  Yanceyville. 
Richard  C.  Puryear,  Huntsville. 
Burton  Craige,  Salisbury. 
Thomas  L.  Clingman,  Asheville. 


Salmon  P.  Chase,  Cincinnati. 

David  T.  Disney,  Cincinnati. 
John  Scott  Harrison,  Cleves. 
Lewis  D.  Campbell,  Hamilton. 
Matthias  H.  Nichols,  Lima. 
Alfred  P.  Edgerton,  Hicksville. 
Andrew  Ellison,  Georgetown. 
Aaron  Harlan,  Yellow  Springs. 
Moses  B.  Corwin,  Urbana. 
Frederic  W.  Green,  Tiffin. 
John  L.  Taylor,  Chillicothe. 
Thomas  Richey,  Somerset. 


SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


Benjamin  F.  Wade,  Jefferson. 

Edson  B.  Olds,  Circle ville. 
William  D.  Lindsley,  Sandusky. 
Harvey  H.  Johnson,  Ashland. 
William  R.  Sapp,  Mount  Vernon. 
Edward  Ball,  Zanesville. 
Wilson  Shannon,  St.  Clairsville. 
George  Bliss,  Akron. 
Edward  Wade,  Cleveland. 
Joshua  R.  Giddings,  Jefferson. 
Andrew  Stuart,  Steubenville. 


1  Died  January  11, 1855. 

*  Appointed  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  death  of  Moses  Norris 
and  took  his  seat  January  22, 1855. 

3  Died  November  15,  1853. 

4  Appointed  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  death  of  Charles  G . 
Atherton,  and  took  his  seat  December  12,  18f>3;  by  resolution, 
August  3, 1854,  Senate  declared  representation  under  the  ap- 
pointment had  expired. 

'-  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  Robert 
F.  Stockton  in  preceding  Congress,  arid  took  his  seat  March  4 
1853  (special  session  of  the  Senate). 


«  Resigned  July  3, 1854. 

7  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  Gilbert 
Dean,  and  took  his  seat  December  4,  1854. 

•  Resigned  in  1854. 

9  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  Gerrit 
Smith,  and  took  his  seat  December  4, 1854. 

10  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  Azariah 
Boody  in  October,  1853,  who  did  not  qualify,  and  took  his  seat 
Decembers,  1853. 

"  Elected  for  the  term  commencing  March  4, 1&53,  and  took 
his  seat  December  11,  1854. 


196 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 


PENNSYLVANIA. 


James  Cooper,  Potts ville. 


SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


Thomas  B.  Florence,  Philadelphia. 
Joseph  R.  Chandler,  Philadelphia. 
John  Bobbins,  jr.,  Kensington. 
William  H.  Witte,  Richmond. 
John  McNair,  Norristown. 
William  Everhart,  West  Chester. 
Samuel  A.  Bridges,  Allentown. 
Henry  A.  Muhlenberg,1  Berks. 
J.  Glancy  Jones,2  Reading. 
Isaac  E.  Hi  ester,  Lancaster. 
Ner  Middleswarth,  Beavertown. 
Christian  M.  Straub,  Potts ville. 
HendrickB.  Wright,  Wilkes-Barre. 


Richard  Brodhead,  Easton. 


A.sa  Packer,  Mauch  Chunk. 
Galusha  A.  Grow,  Glen  wood. 
James  Gamble,  Jersey  Shore. 
Carl  ton  B.  Curtis,  Warren. 
Samuel  L.  Russell,  Bedford. 
John  McCulloch,  Shavers  Creek. 
Augustus  Drum,  Indiana. 
John  L.  Dawson,  Brownsville. 
David  Ritchie,  Pittsburgh. 
Thomas  M.  Howe,  Allegheny  City. 
Michael  C.  Trout,  Sharon. 
John  Dick,  Meadville. 
William  H.  Kurtz,  York. 


RHODE  ISLAND. 

SENATORS. 

Charles  T.  James,  Providence.  Philip  Allen,  Providence. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

Thomas  Davis,  Providence.  Benjamin  B.  Thurston,  Hopkinton. 

SOUTH  CAROLINA. 


Andrew  P.  Butler,  Edgefield. 


SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


John  McQueen,  Marlboro. 
William  Aiken,  Charleston. 
Lawrence  M.  Keitt,  Orangeburg. 


John  Bell,  Nashville. 


TENNESSEE. 

SENATORS. 
REPRESENTATIVES. 


Nathaniel  G.  Taylor,3  Happy  Valley. 
William  M.  Churchwell,  Knoxville. 
Samuel  A.  Smith,  Charleston. 
William  Cullom,  Carthage. 
Charles  Ready,  Murfreesboro. 


Sam  Houston,  Huntsville. 
George  W.  Smyth,  Jasper. 

Solomon  Foot,  Rutland. 


James  Meacham,  Middlebury. 
Andrew  Tracy,  Woodstock. 


TEXAS. 

SENATORS. 
REPRESENTATIVES. 

VERMONT. 

SENATORS. 
REPRESENTATIVES. 


Josiah  J.  Evans,  Society  Hill. 


Preston  S.  Biooks,  Ninety  Six. 
James  L.  Orr,  Anderson. 
William  W.  Boyce,  Winnsboro. 


James  C.  Jones,  Memphis. 


George  W.  Jones,  Fayetteville. 
Robert  M.  Bugg,  Lynnfield. 
Felix  K.  Zollicoffer,  Nashville. 
Emerson  Etheridge,  Dresden. 
Frederick  P.  Stanton,  Memphis. 


Thomas  J.  Rusk,  Nacogdoches. 


Peter  H.  Bell,  Austin. 


Samuel  S.  Phelps,4  Middlebury. 
Lawrence  Brainerd,5  St.  Albans. 

Alvah  Sabin,  Georgia. 


1  Died  January  9,  1854. 

2  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  death  of  Henry  A.  Muhlen- 
berg, and  took  his  seat  February  13,  1854. 

3  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  death  of  Brookins  Camp- 
bell, December  25,  1853,  who  did  not  qualify,  and  took  his  seat 
March  30, 1854. 


<  Appointed  in  preceding  Congress  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by 
death  of  William  Upham;  by  resolution  of  Senate  of  March  16, 
1854,  declared  not  entitled  to  retain  his  seat. 

5  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  death  of  William  Upham 
in  preceding  Congress,  and  took  his  seat  December  4, 1854. 


THIRTY-THIRD  CONGRESS.  197 

VIRGINIA. 

SENATORS. 

Robert  M.  T.  Hunter,  Lloyds.  James  M.  Mason,  Winchester. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

Thomas  H.  Bayly,  Accomac.  Charles  J.  Faulkner,  Martinsburg. 

John  S.  Millson,  Norfolk.  John  Letcher,  Lexington. 

John  S.  Caskie,  Richmond.  Zedekiah  Kidwell,  Fairmont. 

William  O.  Goode,  Boydton.  John  F.  Snodgrass,1  Parkersburg. 

Thomas  S.  Bocock,  Appomattox.  Charles  S.  Lewis,2  Clarksburg. 

Paulus  Powell,  Amherst.  Henry  A.  Edmundson,  Salem. 

William  Smith,  Warrenton.  Fayette  McMullen,  Rye  Cove. 

WISCONSIN. 

SENATORS. 

Henry  Dodge,  Dodgeville.  Isaac  P.  Walker,  Milwaukee. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

Daniel  Wells,  jr.,  Milwaukee.  John  B.  Macy,  Fond  du  Lac. 

Benjamin  C.  Eastman,  Platteville. 

TERRITORY  OF  KANSAS.3 

DELEGATE. 

John  W.  Whitfield,4  Tecumseh. 
TERRITORY  OF  MINNESOTA. 

DELEGATE. 

Henry  M.  Rice,  St.  Paul. 
TERRITORY  OF  NEBRASKA.6 

DELEGATE. 

Napoleon  B.  Giddings.6 
TERRITORY  OF  NEW  MEXICO. 

DELEGATE. 

Jose  Manuel  Gallegos,7  Albuquerque. 
TERRITORY  OF  OREGON. 

DELEGATE. 

Joseph  Lane,  Winchester. 
TERRITORY  OF  UTAH. 

DELEGATE. 

John  M.  Bernhisel,  Salt  Lake  City. 
TERRITORY  OF  WASHINGTON.8 

DELEGATE. 

Columbia  Lancaster,9  St.  Helena. 

1  Died  June  5, 1854.  a  territorial  government,  and  granted  a  Delegate  in  Congress, 

2  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  death  of  John  F.  Snod-      by  Act  of  May  30, 1854. 

grass,  and  took  his  seat  December  4,  1854.  6  Took  his  seat  January  5, 1855. 

3  Formed  from  territory  ceded  to  the  United    States  by         '  Took  his  seat  December  5,  1853;  election  unsuccessfully 
France  by  the  treaty  of  Paris  of  April  30, 1803,  and  by  the      contested  by  William  Carr  Lane. 

State  of  Texas,  in  the  settlement  of  her  boundaries  in  1850;  8  Formed  from  territory  ceded  to  the  United    States  by 

erected  into  a  territorial  government,  and  granted  a  Delegate  France  by  treaty  of  April  30,  1803,  the  northern  boundary 

in  Congress,  by  Act  of  May  30, 1854.  determined  by  treaty  with  Great  Britain  of  June  15,  1846; 

*  Took  his  seat  December  20,  1854.  territorial  government  established,  and  a  Delegate  in  Congress 

<*  Formed  from  a  portion  of  theterritory  ceded  to  the  United  provided,  by  Act  of  August  14, 1848. 

States  by  France  by  the  treaty  of  April  30, 1803;  erected  into  9  Took  his  seat  April  12, 1854. 


THIRTY-FOURTH  CONGRESS. 


MARCH  4,  1855,  TO  MARCH  3,  1857. 


FIRST  SESSION— December  3,  1855,  to  August  18,  1856.  SECOND  SESSION— August 
21,  1856,  to  August  30,  1856.  THIRD  SESSION— December  1,  1856,  to  March  3, 
1857. 


VICE  PRESIDENT,1 .  PRESIDENTS  OF  THE  SENATE  PRO  TEMPORE— Charles  E. 

Stuart,2  of  Michigan;  Jesse  D.  Bright,3  of  Indiana;  James  M.  Mason,4  of  Virginia.  SECRETARY 
OF  THE  SENATE— Asbury  Dickens,  of  North  Carolina. 

SPEAKER  OF  THE  HOUSE— Nathaniel  P.  Banks,5  of  Massachusetts.  CLERKS  OF  THE 
HOUSE — John  W.  Forney,  of  Pennsylvania;  William  Cullom,6  of  Tennessee. 


ALABAMA. 

SENATOUS. 

Benjamin  Fitzpatrick.  Wetumpka.  Clement  C.  Clay,  jr.,  Huntsville. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

Percy  Walker,  Mobile.  George  S.  Houston,  Athena 

Eli  S.  Shorter,  Eufaula.  Williamson  R.  W.  Cobb,  Bellefont. 

James  F.  Dowdell,  Chambers.  Sampson  W.  Harris,  Wetumpka. 
William  R.  Smith,  Fayette. 

ARKANSAS. 

SENATORS. 

William  K.  Sebastian,  Helena.  Robert  WT.  Johnson,  Pine  Bluff. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

Alfred  B.  Greenwood,  Bentonville.  Albert  Rust,  El  Dorado. 

CALIFORNIA. 

SENATORS. 

John  B.  Weller,  San  Francisco.  William  M.  Gwin,7  San  Francisco. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

James  W.  Denver,  Weaverville.  Philemon  T.  Herbert,  Mariposa  City. 

CONNECTICUT. 

SENATORS. 

Isaac  Toucey,  Hartford.  Lafayette  S.  Foster,  Norwich. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

Ezra  Clark,  jr.,  Hartford.  Sidney  Dean,  Putnam. 

John  WToodruff.  New  Haven.  William  W.  Welch,  Norfolk. 

1  Vice  President  William  R.  King  died  in  preceding  Con-      third  viva  voce  vote  and  the  fourth  vote  under  a  plurality 
gress.  resolution  adopted  that  day. 

2  Elected  June  9,  1856.  o  Elected  February  4,  1856. 

s  Elected  June  11,  1856.  '  Elected  for  the  term  commencing  March  4,  1855,  and  took 

«  Elected  January  6,  1857.  his  seat  February  16,  1857;  vacancy  from  March  4,  1855,  to 

*  Elected  February  2, 1856,  upon  the  one  hundred  and  thirty-      February  16, 1857. 

198 


THIRTY-FOURTH   CONGRESS. 


199 


John  M.  Clayton,1  Chippewa. 
Joseph  P.  Comegys,2  Dover. 


DELAWARE. 

SENATORS. 

James  A.  Bayard,  Wilmington. 

REPRESENTATIVE. 

Elisha  D.  Cullen,  Georgetown. 
FLORIDA. 

SENATORS. 

Stephen  R.  Mallory,  Key  West.  David  L.  Yulee,  Homasassa. 

REPRESENTATIVE. 

Augustus  E.  Maxwell,  Tallahassee. 
GEORGIA. 

SENATORS. 

Robert  Toombs,  Washington.  Alfred  Iverson,  Columbus. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 


James  L.  Seward,  Thomasville. 
Martin  J.  Crawford,  Columbus. 
Robert  P.  Trippe,  Forsyth. 
Hiram  Warner,  Greenville. 


Stephen  A.  Douglas,  Chicago. 


ILLINOIS.3 

SENATORS. 
REPRESENTATIVES. 


Elihu  B.  Washburne,  Galena. 
James  H.  Wood  worth,  Chicago. 
Jesse  O.  Norton,  Joliet. 
James  Knox,  Knoxville. 
William  A.  Richardson,4  Quincy. 


Jesse  D.  Bright,  Madison. 


INDIANA. 

SENATORS. 
REPRESENTATIVES. 


Smith  Miller,  Patoka. 
William  H.  English,  Lexington. 
George  G.  Dunn,  Bedford. 
William  Cumback,  Greensburg. 
David  P.  Holloway,  Richmond. 
Lucien  Barbour,  Indianapolis. 


George  W.  Jones,  Dubuque. 


IOWA. 

SENATORS. 


John  H.  Lumpkin,  Rome. 
Howell  Cobb,  Athens. 
Nathaniel  G.  Foster,  Madison. 
Alexander  H.  Stephens,  Crawford ville. 


Lyman  Trumbull,  Alton. 

Jacob  C.  Davis,5  Warsaw. 
Thomas  L.  Harris,  Petersburg. 
James  C.  Allen,6  Palestine. 
James  L.  D.  Morrison,7  Belleville. 
Samuel  S.  Marshall,8  McLeansboro. 


Graham  N.  Fitch,9  Logansport. 

Harvey  D.  Scott,  Terre  Haute. 
Daniel  Mace,  Lafayette. 
Schuyler  Colfax,  South  Bend. 
Samuel  Brenton,  Fort  Wayne. 
John  U.  Pettit,  Wabash. 


James  Harlan,10  Mount  Pleasant. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 

Augustus  Hall,11  Keosauqua.  James  Thorington,  Davenport. 

KENTUCKY. 


SENATORS. 

John  B.  Thompson,  Harrodsburg. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

Henry  C.  Burnett,  Cadiz. 

John  P.  Campbell,  Belleview. 

Warner  L.  Underwood,  Bowling  Green. 

Albert  G.  Talbott,  Danville. 

Joshua  H.  Jewett,  Elizabethtown. 


John  J.  Crittenden,  Frankfort. 

John  M.  Elliott,  Prestonburg. 
Humphrey  Marshall,  Springport. 
Alexander  K.  Marshall,  Nicholasville. 
Leander  M.  Cox,  Flemingsburg. 
Samuel  F.  Swope,  Falmouth. 


i  Died  November  9. 1856. 

*  Appointed  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  death  of  John  M. 
Clayton,  and  took  his  seat  December  4, 1856. 

»  House  decided,  April  10,  1856,  that  Philip  B.  Fouke, 
claiming  a  seat  as  a  member  from  the  Eighth  District,  was 
not  entitled  to  it,  and  that  the  seat  was  vacant. 

<  Resigned  August  25,  1856. 

5  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  William  A. 
Richardson,  and  took  his  seat  December  4, 1856. 

6  Election  contested  by  William  B.  Archer,  and  seat  de- 
clared vacant  July  18,  1856;  subsequently  elected,  and  took 
his  seat  December  1, 1856. 


*  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  Lyman 
Trumbull,  who  was  elected  Senator  before  the  beginning  of 
the  Congress,  and  took  his  seat  December  1, 1856. 

s  Election  unsuccessfully  contested  by  L.  Jay  8.  Turney. 

9  Elected  for  the  term  commencing  March  4, 1855,  and  took 
his  seat  February  9, 1857;  vacancy  in  this  class  from  March  4, 
1855,  to  February  4,  1857. 

10  Seat  declared  vacant  by  resolution,  January  12,  1867;  sub- 
sequently elected,  and  took  his  seat  January  29,  1857. 

»  Election  unsuccessfully  contested  by  R.  L.  B.  Clarke. 


200 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTOEY. 
LOUISIANA. 

SENATORS. 

Judah  P.  Benjamin,  New  Orleans.  John  Slidell,  New  Orleans. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 


George  Eustis,  jr.,  x  New  Orleans. 
Miles  Taylor,  Donaldson ville. 


Thomas  G.  Davidson,  East  Feliciana. 
John  M.  Sandidge,  Pineville. 


MAINE. 

SENATORS. 


Hannibal  Hamlin,  2  Hampden. 
Amos  Nourse,  3  BatL. 

REPRESENTATIVES . 

John  M.  Wood,  Portland. 

John  J.  Perry,  Oxford. 

Ebenezer  Knowlton,  South  Montville. 

MARYLAND. 

SENATORS. 

James  A.  Pearce,  Chestertown.  Thomas  G.  Pratt,  Annapolis. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 


William  Pitt  Fessenden,  Portland. 


Samuel  P.  Benson,  Winthrop. 
Israel  Washburn,  jr.,  Orono. 
Thomas  J.  D.  Fuller,4  Calais. 


James  A.  Stewart,  Cambridge. 
James  B.  Ricaud,  Chestertown. 
J.  Morrison  Harris,  Baltimore. 


H.  Winter  Davis,  Baltimore. 
Henry  W.  Hoffman,  Cumberland. 
Thomas  F.  Bowie,  Upper  Marlboro. 


MASSACHUSETTS. 

SENATORS. 


Charles  Sumner,  Boston. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


Robert  B.  Hall,  Plymouth. 
James  Buffinton,  Fall  River. 
William  S.  Damrell,  Dedham. 
Linus  B.  Comins,  Roxbury. 
Anson  Burlingame,  Cambridge. 
Timothy  Davis,  Gloucester. 


Lewis  Cass,  Detroit. 


MICHIGAN. 

SENATORS. 


Henry  Wilson,  Natick. 

Nathaniel  P.  Banks,  Waltham 
Chauncey  L.  Knapp,  Lowell. 
Alexander  De  Witt,  Oxford. 
Calvin  C.  Chaff ee,  Springfield. 
Mark  Trafton,  Westfield. 


Charles  E.  Stuart,  Kalamazoo. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 

William  A.  Howard,  Detroit.  David  S.  Walbridge,  Kalamazoo. 

Henry  Waldron,  Hillsdale.  George  W.  Peck,  Lansing. 


Stephen  Adams,  Aberdeen. 

Daniel  B.  Wright,  Salem. 
Hendley  S.  Bennett,  Grenada. 
William  Barksdale,  Columbus. 


MISSISSIPPI. 

SENATORS. 
REPRESENTATIVES. 


Henry  S.  Geyer,  St.  Louis. 

Luther  M.  Kennett,  St.  Louis. 
Gilchrist  Porter,  Hannibal. 
James  J.  Lindley,  Monticello. 
Mordecai  Oliver,  Richmond. 


MISSOURI. 

SENATORS. 
REPRESENTATIVES. 


Albert  G.  Brown,  Newton. 

William  A.  Lake,  Vicksburg. 
John  A.  Quitman,  Natchez. 


James  S.  Green,5  Canton. 


John  G.  Miller,6  Boonville. 
Thomas  P.  Akers,7  Lexington. 
John  S.  Phelps,  Springfield. 
Samuel  Caru there,  Cape  Girardeau. 


i  Election  unsuccessfully  contested  by  Albert  Fabre.  &  Elected  for  the  term  commencing  March  4, 1855  and  took 

Resigned  January  7, 1857,  having  been  elected  governor.  his  seat  January  21, 1857;  vacancy  in  this  class  from  March 

s  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  Hannibal      4,  1855,  to  January  12, 1857. 
Hamlin,  and  took  his  seat  January  24.  1857.  «  Died  May  11, 1856. 

«  Election  unsuccessfully  contested  by  James  A.  Milliken.  t  Elected  to  fiU  vacancy  caused  by  death  of  John  G.  Miller, 

and  took  his  seat  August  18, 1856. 


THIRTY-FOURTH    CONGRESS. 


201 


NEW  HAMPSHIRE. 

SENATORS. 


James  Bell,1  Laconia* 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


James  Pike,  South  Newmarket. 
Mason  W.  Tappan,  Bradford. 


John  P.  Hale,  Dover. 


Aaron  H.  Cragin,  Lebanon. 


NEW  JERSEY. 


SENATORS. 

John  R.  Thomson,  Trenton.  William  Wright,  Newark. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 


Isaiah  D.  Clawson,  Woodstown. 
George  R.  Robbins,  Hamilton  Square 
James  Bishop,  New  Brunswick. 


NEW  YORK. 


SENATORS. 


William  H.  Seward,  Auburn. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


William  W.  Valk,  Flushing. 
James  S.  T.  Stranahan,  Brooklyn. 
Guy  R.  Pelton,  New  York. 
John  Kelly,  New  York. 
Thomas  R.  Whitney,  New  York. 
John  Wheeler,  New  York. 
Thomas  Childs,  jr.,2  New  York. 
Abram  Wakeman,  New  York. 
Bayard  Clarke,  New  York. 
Ambrose  S.  Murray,  Goshen. 
Rufus  H.  King,  Catskill. 
Killian  Miller,  Hudson. 
Russell  Sage,  Troy. 
Samuel  Dickson,  New  Scotland. 
Edward  Dodd,  Argyle. 
George  A.  Simmons,  Keeseville. 
Francis  E.  Spinner,  Mohawk. 


George  Vail,  Monistown. 

Alexander  C.  M.  Pennington,  Newark. 


Hamilton  Fish,  New  York. 


Thomas  R.  Horton,  Fultonville. 
Jonas  A.  Hughston,  Delhi. 
Orsamus  B.  Matteson,3  Utica. 
Henry  Bennett,  New  Berlin. 
Andrew  Z.  McCarty,  Pulaski. 
William  A.  Gilbert,3  Adams. 
Amos  P.  Granger,  Syracuse. 
Edwin  B.  Morgan,  Aurora. 
Andrew  Oliver,  Penn  Yan. 
John  M.  Parker,  Owego. 
William  H.  Kelsey,  Geneseo. 
John  Williams,  Rochester. 
Benjamin  Pringle,  Batavia. 
Thomas  T.  Flagler,  Lockport. 
Solomon  G.  Haven,  Buffalo. 
Francis  S.  Edwards,4  Fredonia. 


NORTH   CAROLINA. 


SENATORS. 


David  S.  Reid,  Pleasantville. 


Asa  Biggs,  Williamston. 


REPRESENTATIVES . 


Robert  T.  Paine,  Edenton. 
Thamas  Ruffin,  Goldsboro. 
Warren  Winslow,  Fayetteville. 
Lawrence  O'B.  Branch,  Raleigh. 


OHIO. 


Edwin  G.  Reade,  Roxboro. 
Richard  C.  Puryear,  Huntsville. 
Burton  Craige,  Salisbury. 
Thomas  L.  Clingman,  Asheville. 


SENATORS. 


Benjamin  F.  Wade,  Jefferson. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


Timothy  C.  Day,  Cincinnati. 
John  Scott  Harrison,  Cleves. 
Lewis  D.  Campbell,  Hamilton. 
Matthias  H.  Nichols,  Lima. 
Richard  T.  Mott,  Toledo. 
Joseph  R.  Emrie,  Hillsborp. 
Aaron  Harlan,  Yellow  Springs. 
Benjamin  Stan  ton,  Belief  on  taine. 
Cooper,  K.  Watson,  Tiffin. 
Oscar  F.  Moore,  Portsmouth. 
Valentine  B.  Horton,  Pomeroy. 


George  E.  Pugh,  Cincinnati. 


Samuel  Galloway,  Columbus, 
John  Sherman,  Mansfield. 
Philemon  Bliss,  Elyria. 
William  R.  Sapp,  Mount  Vernon. 
Edward  Ball,  Zanesville. 
Charles  J.  Albright,  Cambridge. 
Benjamin  F.  Leiter,  Canton. 
Edward  Wade,  Cleveland. 
Joshua  R.  Giddings,  Jefferson. 
John  A.  Bingham,  Cadiz. 


i  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  death  of  Charles  G.  Ather- 
ton,  in  preceding  Congress, .and  took  his  seat  December  4, 1855. 
*  Never  took  his  seat  owing  to  prolonged  illness. 


Resigned  February  27, 1857. 
1  Resigned  February  28, 1857. 


202 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 


PENNSYLVANIA. 


Richard  Brodhead,  Eastern. 


SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


Thomas  B.  Florence,  Philadelphia. 
Job  R.  Tyson,  Philadelphia. 
William  Mill  ward,  Philadelphia. 
Jacob  Broom,  Philadelphia. 
John  Cadwalader,  Philadelphia. 
John  Hickman,  West  Chester. 
Samuel  C.  Bradshaw,  Quakertown. 
J.  Glancy  Jones,  Reading. 
Anthony  E.  Roberts,  Lancaster. 
John  C.  Kunkel,  Harrisburg. 
James  H.  Campbell,  Pottsville. 
Henry  M.  Fuller,  Wilkes-Barre. 
Asa  Packer,  Mauch  Chunk. 


William  Bigler,  Philadelphia. 


Galusha  A.  Grow,  Glen  wood. 
John  J.  Pearce,  Williamsport. 
Lemuel  Todd,  Carlisle. 
David  F.  Rpbison,  Chambersburg. 
John  R.  Edie,  Somerset. 
John  Covode,  Lockport. 
Jonathan  Knight,  East  Bethlehem. 
David  Ritchie,  Pittsburgh. 
Samuel  A.  Purviance,  Butler. 
John  Allison,  New  Brighton. 
David  Barclay,  Punxsutawney. 
John  Dick,  Meadville. 


RHODE   ISLAND. 

SENATORS. 

Charles  T.  James,  Providence.  Philip  Allen,  Providence. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 


Nathaniel  B.  Durfee,  Tiverton. 


Benjamin  B.  Thurston,  Hopkinton. 


SOUTH   CAROLINA. 

SENATORS. 


Andrew  P.  Butler,  Edgefield. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


John  McQueen,  Marlboro. 
William  Aiken,  Charleston. 
Lawrence  M.  Keitt,1  Orangeburg. 


Josiah  J.  Evans,  Society  Hill. 


Preston  S.  Brooks,2  Ninety-Six. 
James  L.  Orr,  Anderson. 
William  W.  Boyce,  Winnsboro. 


John  Bell,  Nashville. 


TENNESSEE. 


SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


Albert  G.  Watkins,  Panther  Springs. 
William  H.  Sneed,  Knoxville. 
Samuel  A.  Smith,  Charleston. 
John  H.  Savage,  Smith ville. 
Charles  Ready,  Murfreesboro. 


TEXAS. 


SENATORS. 


James  C.  Jones,  Memphis. 


George  W.  Jones,  Fayetteville. 
John  V.  Wright,  Purdy. 
Felix  K.  Zollicpffer,  Nashville. 
Emerson  Etheridge,  Dresden. 
Thomas  Rivers,  Somerville. 


Sam  Houston,  Huntsville.  Thomas  J.  Rusk,  Nacogdoches. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

Lemuel  D.  Evans,  Marshall.  Peter  H.  Bell,  Austin. 

VERMONT. 


Solomon  Foot,  Rutland. 


SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


James  Meacham,3  Middlebury. 
George  T.  Hodges,4  Rutland. 


Jacob  Collamer,  Woodstock 


Justin  S.  Morrill,  Strafford. 
Alvah  Sabin,  Georgia. 


J  Resigned  July  10, 1856;  subsequently  elected,  and  took  his  3  Died  August  23,  1856. 

seat  August  6,  1856.  4  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  death  of  James  Meacham, 

*  Resigned  July  14,  1856;  subsequently  elected,  and  took  his  and  took  his  seat  December  1,  1856. 
seat  August  1,  1856;  died  January  27,  1857. 


THIRTY-FOURTH   CONGRESS.  203 

VIRGINIA. 

SENATORS. 

Robert  M.  T.  Hunter,  Lloyds.  James  M.  Mason,  Winchester. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

Thomas  H.  Bayly,1  Accomac.  William  Smith,  Warren  ton. 

Muscoe  R.  H.  Garnett,2  Lloyds.  Charles  J.  Faulkner,  Martinsburg. 

John  S.  Millson,  Norfolk.  John  Letcher,  Lexington. 

John  S.  Caskie,  Richmond.  Zedekiah  Kidwell,  Fairmount. 

William  O.  Goode,  Boydton.  John  S.  Carlile,  Clarksburg. 

Thomas  S.  Bocock,  Appomattox.  Henry  A.  Edmundson,  Salem. 

Paulus  Powell,  Amherst.  Fayette  McMullen,  Rye  Cove. 

WISCONSIN. 

SENATORS. 

Henry  Dodge,  Dodgeville.  Charles  Durkee,  Kenosha. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

Daniel  Wells,  jr.,  Milwaukee.  Charles  Billingshurst,  Juneau. 

Cadwallader  C.  Washburn,  Mineral  Point. 

TERRITORY  OF  KANSAS. 

DELEGATE. 

John  W.  Whitfield,3  Tecumseh. 
TERRITORY  OF  MINNESOTA. 

DELEGATE. 

Henry  M.  Rice,  St.  Paul. 
TERRITORY  OF  NEBRASKA. 

DELEGATE. 

Bird  B.  Chapman,4  Omaha  City. 
TERRITORY  OF  NEW  MEXICO. 

DELEGATES. 

Jose  Manuel  Gallegos,5  Albuquerque.  Miguel  A.  Otero,6  Albuquerque. 

TERRITORY  OF  OREGON. 

DELEGATE. 

Joseph  Lane,  Winchester. 

TERRITORY  OF  UTAH. 

-/ 

DELEGATE. 

John  M.  Bernhisel,  Salt  Lake  City. 
TERRITORY  OF  WASHINGTON. 

DELEGATE. 

J.  Patton  Anderson,  Olympia. 

1  Died  June  23,  1856.  *  Election  unsuccessfully  contested  by  Hiram  P.  Bennett. 

2  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  death  of  Thomas  H.  Bayly,         5  Served  until  July  23,  1856;  succeeded  by  Miguel  A.  Otero, 
and  took  his  seat  December  1,  1856.  who  contested  his  election. 

3 Election  unsuccessfully  contested  by  Andrew  H.  Reeder,         « Successfully  contested  the  election  of  Jose  Manuel  Gallegos 
but  seat  was  declared  vacant  August  1,  1856.  and  took  his  seat  July  23,  1856. 


THIRTY-FIFTH  CONGRESS. 


MARCH  4,  1857,  TO  MARCH  3,  1859. 


FIRST  SESSION— December  7,  1857,  to  June  14,  1858.  SECOND  SESSION— December  6, 
1858,  to  March  3,  1859.  SPECIAL  SESSION  OP  THE  SENATE— March  4,  1857,  to 
March  14,  1857;  June  15, 1858  to  June  16, 1858. 


VICE  PRESIDENT— John  C.  Breckinridge,  of  Kentucky.  PRESIDENTS  OF  THE  SENATE  PRO 
TEMPORE— James  M.  Mason,1  of  Virginia;1  Thomas  J.  Rusk,2  of  Texas;  Benjamin  Fitzpatrick,3  of 
Alabama.  SECRETARY  OF  THE  SENATE — Asbury  Dickens,  of  North  Carolina. 

SPEAKER  OF  THE  HOUSE— James  L.  Orr,  of  South  Carolina.  CLERK  OF  THE  HOUSE— 
James  C.  Allen,  of  Illinois. 


ALABAMA. 

SENATORS. 

Benjamin  Fitzpatrick,  Wetumpka.  Clement  C.  Clay,  jr.,  Huntaville. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

James  A.  Stallworth,  Evergreen.  George  S.  Houston,  Athens. 

Eli  S.  Shorter,  Eufaula.  Williamson  R.  W.  Cobb,  Bellefont. 

James  F.  Dowdell,  Chambers.  Jabez  L.  M.  Curry,  Talladega. 
Sydenham  Moore,  Greensboro. 

ARKANSAS. 

\ 

SENATOUS. 

William  K.  Sebastian,  Helena.  Robert  W.  Johnson,  Pine  Bluff. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

Alfred  B.  Greenwood,  Bentonville.  Edward  A.  Warren,  Camden. 

CALIFORNIA. 

SENATORS. 

William  M.  Gwin,  San  Francisco.  David  C.  Broderick,  San  Francisco. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

Joseph  C.  McKibbin,  Downieville.  Charles  L.  Scott,  Sonora. 

CONNECTICUT. 

SENATORS. 

Lafayette  S.  Foster,  Norwich.  James  Dixon,  Hartford. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

Ezra  Clark,  jr.,  Hartford.  Sidney  Dean,  Putnam. 

Samuel  Arnold,  Haddam.  William  D.  Bishop,  Bridgeport. 

>  Elected  March  4,  1857  (special  session  of  the  Senate).  '  Elected  December  7,  1857;  March  29.  1858;  June  14,  1868; 

2  Elected  March  14, 1857  (special  session  of  the  Senate).  January  25, 1859. 

204 


THIRTY-FIFTH   CONGRESS. 
DELAWARE. 

SENATORS. 

James  A.  Bayard,  Wilmington.  Martin  W.  Bates,1  Dover. 

REPRESENTATIVE. 

William  G.  Whiteley,  New  Castle. 
FLORIDA. 

SENATORS. 

Stephen  R.  Mallory,  Key  West.  David  L.  Yulee,  Homasassa. 

REPRESENTATIVE. 

George  S.  Hawkins,  Pensacola. 
GEORGIA. 


205 


Robert  Toombs,  Washington. 


SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


James  L.  Seward,  Thomas ville. 
Martin  J.  Crawford,  Columbus. 
Robert  P.  Trippe,  Forsyth. 
Lucius  J.  Gartrell,  Atlanta. 


Stephen  A.  Douglas,  Chicago. 


ILLINOIS. 


SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


Elihu  B.  Washburne,  Galena. 
John  F.  Farnsworth,  Chicago. 
Owen  Lovejoy,  Princeton. 
William  Kellogg,  Canton. 
Isaac  N.  Morris,  Quincy. 


Jesse  D.  Bright,  Jefferson  ville. 


INDIANA. 

SENATORS.4 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


James  Lockhart,5  Evansville. 
William  E.  Niblack,8  Vincennes. 
William  H.  English,  Lexington. 
James  Hughes,  Bloomington. 
James  B.  Foley.  Greensburg. 
David  Kilgore,  Yorktown. 
James  M.  Gregg,  Danville. 


Alfred  Iverson,  Columbus. 


Augustus  R.  Wright,  Rome. 

James  Jackson,  Athens. 

Joshua  Hill,  Madison. 

Alexander  H.  Stephens,  Crawford  ville. 


Lyman  Trumbull,  Alton. 


Thomas  L.  Harris,2  Petersburg. 
Charles  D.  Hodges,3  Carrollton. 
Aaron  Shaw,  Lawrence  ville. 
Robert  Smith,  Alton. 
Samuel  S.  Marshall,  McLeansboro. 


Graham  N.  Fitch,  Logansport. 


John  G.  Davis,  Rockville. 
James  Wilson,  Crawfordsville. 
Schuyler  Colfax,  South  Bend. 
Samuel  Brenton,7  Fort  Wayne. 
Charles  Case,8  Fort  Wayne. 
John  U.  Pettit,  Wabash. 


1  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  death  of  John  M.  Clayton, 
In  preceding  Congress,  and  took  his  seat  March  4, 1857  (special 
session  of  the  Senate). 

2  Died  November  24,  1858. 

3  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  death  of  Thomas  L.  Harris, 
and  took  his  seat  January  20,  1859. 

4  A  protest  ol  certain  members  of  the  legislature  was  pre- 
sented in  the  preceding  Congress  against  the  legality  of  the 
election  of  both  Mr.  Fitch  and  Mr.  Bright,  setting  out  "  they 
were  not  elected  by  the  legislature,  but  by  a  convocation  of  a 
portion  of  the  members  thereof,  not  authorized  by  state  law, 
legislative  resolution,  or  Constitutiona  provision'";  both  the 
Senators  were  seated  upon  their  credentials,  and  the  creden- 
tials and  protest  were  referred  to  the  committee  on  the  Judi- 
ciary; the  committee  reported,  May  24, 1858,  that  the  sitting 
Senators  were  entitled  to  their  seats,  and  this  report  was  agreed 


to  June  12,  1858.  On  January  24,  1859,  a  memorial  of  the 
State  of  Indiana  was  presented  representing  that  it  was  the 
wish  of  the  state  that  Henry  S.  Lane  and  William  M.  McCarty 
be  admitted  to  seats  as  the  only  legally-chosen  Senators; 
February  3, 1859,  the  Senate  committee  on  the  Judiciary,  to 
whom  were  referred  the  memorial,  reported  there  was  no 
vacancy  in  the  Setate  from  the  State  of  Indiana,  and  that  the 
election  of  Messrs.  Lane  and  McCarthy  was  void;  the  Senate 
agreed  to  this  report,  February  14, 1859. 

5  Died  September  7,  1857 — before   the   convening  of   the 
Congress. 

6  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  death  of  James  Lockhart, 
and  took  his  seat  December  7, 1857. 

^  Died  March  29,  1857. 

«  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  death  of  Samuel  Brenton, 
and  took  his  seat  December  7,  1857. 


206  CONGRESSIONAL.  DIRECTORY. 

IOWA. 

SENATORS. 

George  W.  Jones,  Dubuque.  James  Harlan,  Mount  Pleasant. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

Samuel  R.  Curtis,  Keokuk.  Timothy  Davis,  Dubuque. 

KENTUCKY. 

SENATORS. 

John  B.  Thompson,  Harrodsburg.  John  J.  Crittenden,  Frankfort. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

Henry  C.  Burnett,  Cadiz.  John  M.  Elliott,  Prestonburg, 

Samuel  O.  Peyton,  Hartford.  Humphrey  Marshall,  Springport. 

Warner  L.  Underwood,  Bowling  Green.  James  B.  Clay,  Lexington. 

Albert  G.  Talbott,  Danville.  John  C.  Mason,  Owingsville. 

Joshua  H.  Jewett,  Elizabeth  town.  John  W.  Stevenson,  Covington. 

LOUISIANA. 

SENATORS. 

Judah  P.  Benjamin,  New  Orleans.  John  Slidell,  New  Orleans. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

George  Eustis,  jr.,  New  Orleans.  Thomas  G.  Davidson,  East  Feliciana. 

Miles  Taylor,  Donaldson ville.  John  M.  Sandidge,  Pineville. 

MAINE. 

SENATORS. 

William  Pitt  Fessenden,  Portland.  Hannibal  Hamlin,  Hampden. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

John  M.  Wood,  Portland.  Freeman  H.  Morse,  Bath. 

Charles  J.  Gilman,  Brunswick.  Israel  Washburn,  jr.,  Orono. 

Nehemiah  Abbott,  Belfast.  Stephen  C.  Foster,  Pembroke. 

MARYLAND. 

SENATORS. 

James  A.  Pearce,  Chestertown.  Anthony  Kennedy,  Baltimore. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

James  A.  Stewart,  Cambridge.  H.  Winter  Davis,2  Baltimore. 

James  B.  Ricaud,  Chestertown.  Jacob  M.  Kunkel,  Frederick. 

J.  Morrison  Harris,1  Baltimore.  Thomas  F.  Bowie,  Upper  Marlboro. 

MASSACHUSETTS. 

SENATORS. 

Charles  Sumner,3  Boston.  Henry  Wilson,  Natick. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

Robert  B.  Hall,  Plymouth.  Nathaniel  P.  Banks.4  Waltham. 

James  Buffinton,  Fall  River.  .     Daniel  W.  Gooch,5  Melrose. 
William  S.  Damrell,  Dedham.  Chauncey  L.  Knapp,  Lowell. 

Linus  B.  Comins,  Boston.  Eli  Thayer,  Worcester. 

An.son  Burlingame,  Cambridge.  Calvin  C.  Chaffee,  Springfield. 

Timothy  Davis,  Gloucester.  Henry  L.  Dawes,  North  Adams. 

MICHIGAN. 

SENATORS. 

Charles  E.  Stuart,  Kalamazoo.  Zachariah  Chandler,  Detroit. 

REPRE  SE  NT  ATI  VES. 

William  A.  Howard,  Detroit.  David  S.  Walbridge,  Kalamazoo. 

Henry  Waldron,  Hillsdale.  DeWitt  C.  Leach,  Lansing. 

1  Election   unsuccessfully  contested  by    William  Pinkney         * Resigned  December  24, 1857. 

Whyte.  *  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  Nathaniel 

2  Election  unsuccessfully  contested  by  Henry  P.  Brooks.  P.  Banks,  and  took  his  seat  January  21, 1858. 

3  Owing  to  ill  health  was  present  in  this  Congress  but  one 
day  (December?,  1857). 


THIRTY-FIFTH   CONGRESS. 


207 


MINNESOTA.1 

SENATORS. 

Henry  M.  Rice,2  St.  Paul.  James  Shields,3  St.  Paul. 

%  REPRESENTATIVES. 

James  M.  Cavanaugh,*  Chatfield.  William  W.  Phelps,4  Red  Wing. 

MISSISSIPPI. 


Albert  G.  Brown,  Newton. 


SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


Lucius  Q.  C.  Lamar,  Abbeville. 
Reuben  Davis,  Aberdeen. 
William  Barksdale,  Columbus. 


Jefferson  Davis,  Hurricane. 

Otho  R.  Singleton,  Canton. 
John  A.  Quitman,5  Natchez. 
John  J.  McRae,6  State  Line. 


James  S.  Green,  Canton. 


MISSOURI. 


SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


Trusten  Polk,  St.  Louis. 


Francis  P.  Blair,  jr.,  St.  Louis. 
Thomas  L.  Anderson,  Palmyra. 
John  B.  Clark,  Fayette. 
James  Craig,  St.  Joseph. 

NEW  HAMPSHIRE. 


Samuel  H.  Woodson,  Independence. 
John  S.  Phelps,  Springfield. 
Samuel  Caru there,  Cape  Girardeau. 


James  Bell,7  Laconia. 
Daniel  Clark,8  Manchester. 


SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


James  Pike,  Sanbornton  Bridge. 
Mason  W.  Tappan,  Bradford. 


John  P.  Hale,  Dover. 


Aaron  H.  Cragin,  Lebanon. 


NEW  JERSEY. 

SENATORS. 

John  R.  Thomson,  Princeton.  William  Wright,  Newark. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 


Isaiah  D.  Clawson,  Woodstown. 
George  R.  Robbins,  Hamilton  Square. 
Garnett  B.  Adrian,  New  Brunswick. 


William  H.  Seward,  Auburn. 


NEW   YORK. 


SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


John  A.  Searing,  Hempstead  Branch. 
George  Taylor,  Brooklyn. 
Daniel  E.  Sickles,  New  York. 
John  Kelly,9  New  York. 
Thomas  J.  Barr,10  New  York. 
William  B.  Maclay,  New  York. 
John  Cochrane,  New  York. 
Elijah  Ward,  New  York. 
Horace  F.  Clark,  New  York. 
John  B.  Haskin,  Fordham. 
Ambrose  S.  Murray,  Goshen. 
William  F.  Russell,  Saugerties. 
John  Thompson,  Poughkeepsie. 
Abram  B.  Olin,  Troy. 
Erastus  Corning,  Albany. 
Edward  Dodd,  Argyle. 
George  W.  Palmer,  Plattsburg. 


John  Huyler,  Hackensack. 

Jacob  R.  Wortendyke,  Jersey  City. 


Preston  King,  Ogdensburg. 

Francis  E.  Spinner,  Mohawk. 
Clark  B.  Cochrane,  Schenectady. 
Oliver  A .  Morse,  Cherry  yalley. 
Orsamus  B.  Matteson,  Utica. 
Henry  Bennett,  New  Berlin. 
Henry  C.  Goodwin,  Hamilton. 
Charles  B.  Hoard,  Watertown. 
Amos  P.  Granger,  Syracuse. 
Edwin  B.  Morgan,  Aurora. 
Emory  B.  Pottle,  Naples. 
John  M.  Parker,  Owego. 
William  H.  Kelsey,  Geneseo. 
Samuel  G.  Andrews,  Rochester. 
Judson  W.  Sherman,  Angelica. 
Silas  M.  Burroughs,  Medina. 
Israel  T.  Hatch,  Buffalo. 
Reuben  E.  Fen  ton,  Frewsburg. 


1  Admitted  as  a  State  into  the  Union  May  11, 1858. 

2  Took  his  seat  May  12, 1858;  term  to  expire,  as  determined 
by  lot,  March  3,  1863. 

3  Took  his  seat  May  12,  1858;  term  to  expire,  as  determined 
by  lot,  March  3, 1859. 

<  Took  his  seat  May  22,  1858. 
&  Died  July  17,  1858. 

8  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  death  of  John  A.  Quitman, 
and  took  his  seat  December  7, 1858. 


7  Died  May  26,  1857. 

8  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  death  of  James  Bell,  and 
took  hisseat  December?,  1857. 

s  Resigned  December  25,  1858. 

10  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  John  Kelly, 
took  his  seat  January  17, 1859. 


208 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 


NOBTH  CAROLINA. 


David  S.  Reid,  Pleasant ville. 


SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


Henry  M.  Shaw,  Indian  Town. 
Thomas  Ruffin,  Goldsboro. 
Warren  Winslow,  Fayette ville. 
Lawrence  O'B.  Branch,  Raleigh. 
John  A.  Gilmer,  Greensboro. 


Benjamin  F.  Wade,  Jefferson. 


OHIO. 


SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


George  H.  Pendleton,  Cincinnati. 
William  S.  Groesbeck,  Cincinnati. 
Lewis  D.  Campbell,5  Hamilton. 
Clement  L.  Vallandigham,6  Dayton. 
Matthias  H.  Nichols,  Lima. 
Richard  T.  Mott,  Toledo. 
Joseph  R.  Cockerill,  West  Union. 
Aaron  Harlan,  Yellow  Springs. 
Benjamin  Stanton,  Belief  on  taine. 
Lawrence  W.  Hall,  Bucyrus. 
Joseph  Miller,  Chillicothe. 


OREGON.7 


SENATORS. 


Joseph  Lane,8  Winchester. 


Asa  Biggs,1  Williamston. 
Thomas  L.  Clingman,2  Asheville. 


Alfred  M.  Scales,  Madison. 
Burton  Craige,  Salisbury. 
Thomas  L.  Clingman,3  Asheville. 
Zebulon  B.  Vance,4  Asheville. 


George  E.  Pugh,  Cincinnati. 


Valentine  B.  Horton,  Pomeroy. 

Samuel  S.  Cox,  Columbus. 

John  Sherman,  Mansfield. 

Philemon  Bliss,  Elyria. 

Joseph  Burns,  Coshocton, 

Cydnor  B.  Tompkins,  McConnellsville. 

William  Lawrence,  Washington. 

Benjamin  F.  Leiter,  Canton. 

Edward  Wade,  Cleveland. 

Joshua  R.  Giddings,  Jefferson 

John  A.  Bingham,  Cadiz. 


Delazon  Smith,9  Portland. 


REPRESENTATIVE. 

La  Fayette  Grover,10  Salem. 
PENNSYLVANIA. 


William  Bigler,  Clearfield. 


SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


Thomas  B.  Florence,  Philadelphia. 
Edward  Joy  Morris,  Philadelphia. 
James  Landy,  Philadelphia. 
Henry  M.  Phillips,  Philadelphia. 
Owen  Jones,  Cabinet. 
John  Hickman,  West  Chester. 
Henry  Chapman,  Doylestown. 
J.  Glancy  Jones,11  Reading. 
William  H.  Keim,  12  Reading. 
Anthony  E.  Roberts,  Lancaster. 
John  C.  Kunkel,  Harrisburg. 
William  L.  Dewart,  Sunbury. 
John  G.  Montgomery,13 
Paul  Leidy,14  Danville. 


Simon  Cameron,  Harrisburg. 


William  H.  Dimmick,  Honesdale. 
Galusha  A.  Grow,  Glen  wood. 
Allison  White,  Lock  Haven. 
John  A.  Ahl,  Newville. 
Wilson  Reilly,  Chambersburg. 
John  R.  Edie,  Somerset. 
John  Covode,  Lockport. 
William  Montgomery,  Washington. 
David  Ritchie,  Pittsburgh. 
Samuel  A.  Purviance,  Butler. 
William  Stewart,  Mercer. 
James  L.  Gillis,  Ridgeway. 
John  Dick,  Meadville. 


1  Resigned  in  May,  1858. 

2  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  Asa  Biggs, 
and  took  his  seat  December  6, 1858;  subsequently  elected. 

s  Resigned  in  October,  1858,  having  been  elected  Senator. 

4  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  Thomas  L. 
Clingman,  and  took  his  seat  December  7, 1858. 

5  Served  until  May  25,1858;  succeeded  by  Clement  L.  Val- 
landingham,  who  contested  his  election. 

6  Successfully  contested  the  election  of  Lewis  D.  Campbell, 
and  took  his  seat  May  25, 1858. 

"  Admitted  as  a  State  into  the  Union  February  14,  1859. 


8  Took  his  seat  February  14, 1859;  term  to  expire,  as  deter- 
mined by  lot,  March  3, 1861. 

9  Took  his  seat  February  14, 1859;  term  to  expire,  as  deter- 
mined by  lot,  March  3, 1859. 

10  Took  his  seat  February  15, 1859. 

"  Resigned  October  30,  1858. 

12  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  J.  Glancy 
Jones,  and  took  his  seat  December  7, 1858. 

is  Died  April  24, 1857. 

14  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  death  of  John  G.  Mont- 
gomery, and  took  his  seat  December  7, 1857. 


THIRTY-FIFTH   CONGRESS. 


209 


RHODE    ISLAND. 

SENATORS. 

Philip  Allen,  Providence.  James  F.  Simmons,  Providence. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

Nathaniel  B.  Durfee,  Tiverton.  William  D.  Brayton,  Warwick. 

SOUTH  CAROLINA. 


SENATORS. 


Andrew  P.  Butler,1  Edgefield. 


James  H.  Hammond,2  Beech  Island. 


ge 
,2  B 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


John  McQueen,  Marlboro. 
William  P.  Miles,  Charleston. 
Lawrence  M.  Keitt,  Orangeburg. 


John  Bell,  Nashville. 


TENNESSEE. 


SENATORS; 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


Albert  G.  Watkins,  Panther  Springs. 
Horace  Maynard,  Knox  ville. 
Samuel  A.  Smith,  Charleston. 
John  H.  Savage,  Smithville. 
Charles  Ready,  Murfreesboro. 


Sam  Houston,  Huntsville. 


John  H.  Reagan,  Palestine. 


Solomon  Foot,  Rutland. 


Ezekiel  P.  Walton,  Montpelier. 
Justin  S.  Morrill,  Strafford. 


TEXAS. 

SENATORS. 
REPRESENTATIVES. 

VERMONT. 

SENATORS. 
REPRESENTATIVES. 

VIRGINIA. 

SENATORS. 


Josiah  J.  Evans,3  Society  Hill. 
Arthur  P.  Hayne,4  Charleston. 
James  Chesnut,  jr.,5  Kershaw. 


Milledge  L.  Bonham,  Edgefield. 
James  L.  Orr,  Anderson. 
William  W.  Boyce,  Monticello. 


Andrew  Johnson,  Greene ville. 


George  W.  Jones,  Fayette ville. 
John  V.  Wright,  Purdy. 
Felix  K.  Zoliicoffer,  Nashville. 
John  D.  C.  Atkins,  Paris. 
William  T.  Avery,  Memphis. 


Thomas  J.  Rusk,6  Nacogdoches. 

J.  Pinckney  Henderson,7  Marshville. 

Matthias  Ward,8  Jefferson. 


Robert  M.  T.  Hunter,  Lloyds. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


Muscoe  R.  H.  Garnett,  Lovettsville. 
John  S.  Millson,  Norfolk. 
John  S.  Caskie,  Richmond. 
William  O.  Goode,  Boydton. 
Thomas  S.  Bocock,  Appomattox. 
Paulus  Powell,  Amherst. 
William  Smith,  Warrenton. 


Guy  M.  Bryan,  Brazoria. 

Jacob  Collamer,  Woodstock. 
Homer  E.  Royce,  Berkshire. 

James  M.  Mason,  Winchester. 

Charles  J.  Faulkner,  Martinsburg. 
John  Letcher,  Lexington. 
Sherrard  Clemens,  Wheeling. 
Albert  G.  Jenkins,  Green  Bottom. 
Henry  A.  Edmundson,  Salem. 
George  W.  Hopkins,  Abington. 


1  Died  May  25, 1857. 

2  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  death  of  Andrew  P.  Butler, 
and  took  his  seat  January  7, 1858. 

*  Died  May  6, 1858. 

1  Appointed  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  death  of  Josiah  J.  Evans, 
and  took  his  seat  May  20,  1858. 

50340° — S.  Doc.  654,  Gl-2 14 


6  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  death  of  Josiah  J.  Evans, 
and  took  his  seat  January  5, 1859. 

"Died  July  29,  1857. 

i  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  death  of  Thomas  J.  Rusk, 
and  took  his  seat  March  1, 1858;  died  June  4, 1858. 

•8  Appointed  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  death  of  J.  Pinckney 
Henderson,  and  took  his  seat  December  6, 1858. 


210  CONGRESSIONAL,  DIRECTORY. 

WISCONSIN. 

SENATORS. 

Charles  Durkee,  Kenosha.  James  R.  Doolittle,  Racine. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

John  F.  Potter,  East  Troy.  Charles  Billinghurst,  Juneau. 

CadwalladerC.  Washburn,  MineralPoint. 

TERRITORY  OF  KANSAS. 

DELEGATE. 

Marcus  J.  Parrott,  Leaven  worth. 
TERRITORY  OF  MINNESOTA.1 

DELEGATE. 

William  W.  Kingsbury,2  Endion. 
TERRITORY  OF  NEBRASKA. 

DELEGATE. 

Fenner  Ferguson,8  Belleview. 
TERRITORY  OF  NEW  MEXICO. 

DELEGATE. 

Miguel  A.  Otero,  Albuquerque. 
TERRITORY  OF  OREGON.4 

DELEGATE. 

Joseph  Lane,5  Winchester. 
TERRITORY  OF  UTAH. 

DELEGATE. 

John  M.  Bernhisel,  Salt  Lake  City. 
TERRITORY  OF  WASHINGTON. 

DELEGATE. 

Isaac  I.  Stevens,  Olympia. 

1  Erected  Into  a  state  May  11, 1858.  4  Erected  into  a  state  February  14, 1859. 

2  Served  until  May  11, 1858,  when  the  territory  was  elevated  6  Served  until  February  14,  1859,  when  the  territory  was 
to  statehood.  elevated  to  statehood;  then  became  one  of  the  Senators  from 

3  Election  unsuccessfully  contested  by  Bird  B.  Chapman.  the  new  state. 


THIRTY-SIXTH  CONGRESS. 


MARCH  4,  1859,  TO  MARCH  3,  1861. 


FIRST  SESSION— December  5,  1859,  to  June  25,  1860.  SECOND  SESSION— December  3, 
1860,  to  March  3,  1861.  SPECIAL  SESSIONS  OF  THE  SENATE— March  4,  1859,  to 
March  10,  1859;  June  26,  1860,  to  June  28,  1860. 


VICE  PRESIDENT— John  C.  Breckinridge,  of  Kentucky.  PRESIDENTS  OF  THE  SENATE  PRO 
TEMPORE — Benjamin  Fitzpatrick, '  of  Alabama.  Jesse  D.  Bright,2  of  Indiana;  Solomon  Foot,3  of  Ver- 
mont. SECRETARY  OF  THE  SENATE— Asbury  Dickens,  of  North  Carolina. 

SPEAKER  OF  THE  HOUSE— William  Pennington,  of  New  Jersey.  CLERKS  OF  THE  HOUSE— 
James  C.  Allen,  of  Illinois;  John  W.  Forney,4  of  Pennsylvania. 


ALABAMA.' 


SENATORS. 


Benjamin  Fitzpatrick,6  Wetumpka. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


James  A.  Stallwork,7  Evergreen. 
James  L.  Pugh,7  Eufaula. 
David  Clop  ton,7  Tuskegee. 
Sydenham  Moore,7  Greensboro. 


Clement  C.  Clay,  jr.,6  Huntsville. 


George  S.  Houston,7  Athens. 
Williamson  R.  W.  Cobb,8  Bellefonte. 
Jabez  L.  M.  Curry,7  Talladega. 


ARKANSAS. 


SENATORS. 

William  K.  Sebastian,  Helena.  Robert  W.  Johnson,  Pine  Bluff. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

Thomas  C.  Hindman,  Helena.  Albert  Rust,  Little  Rock. 

CALIFORNIA. 


SENATORS. 


William  M.  Gwin,  San  Francisco. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


Charles  L.  Scott,  Sonora. 


David  C.  Broderick,9  San  Francisco. 
Henry  P.  Haun,10  Marysville. 
Milton  S.  Latham,"  San  Francisco. 


John  C.  Burch,  Weaverville. 


1  Elected  March  9,  1859  (special  session);  December  19, 1859; 
February  20, 1860;  June  20,  I860,  In  special  session. 

2  Elected  June  12,  1860. 

s  Elected  February  16,  1861. 

«  Elected  February  3, 1860. 

6  Seceded  from  the  Union  January  11, 1861. 

e  On  January  21, 1861.  David  L.  Yulee,  Stephen  R.  Mallory, 
Clement  C.  Clay,  jr..  Benjamin  Fitzpatrick,  and  Jefferson 
Davis  announced  In  the  Senate  their  intention  to  withdraw 
from  the  body,  and  they  did  withdraw.  The  Senate  Journal 
of  the  date  makes  no  record  or  notice  of  the  action.  On  the 
day  following  the  Vice  President  was  directed  to  fill  vacancies 
in  the  standing  committees,  and  on  January  24, 1861,  the  Vice 


President  announced  the  appointment  of  members  to  fill  places 
upon  the  standing  committees,  including  assignments  thereto- 
fore held  by  the  Senators  named. 

*  Presented  a  signed  communication  declaring  his  intention 
and  withdrew  January  21, 1861. 

8  Presented  a  signed  communication  declaring  his  intention 
and  withdrew  January  30,  1861. 

8  Died  September  16,  1859. 

10  Appointed  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  death  of  David  C. 
Brodenck,  and  took  his  seat  December  5, 1859. 

11  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  death  of  David  C.  Brod- 
erick, and  took  his  seat  March  5, 1860. 

211 


212  CONGRESSIONAL,  DIRECTORY. 

CONNECTICUT. 

SENATORS. 

Lafayette  S.  Foster,  Norwich.  James  Dixon,  Hartford. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 


Dwight  Loomis,  Rockville. 
John  Woodruff,  New  Haven. 


Alfred  A.  Burnham,  Windham. 
Orris  S.  Ferry,  Norwalk. 


DELAWARE. 


SENATORS. 

James  A.  Bayard,  Wilmington.  Willard  Saulsbury,  Georgetown. 

REPRESENTATIVE. 

William  G.  Whiteley,  New  Castle. 
FLORIDA.1 

SENATORS. 

Stephen  R.  Mallory,2  Pensacola.  David  L.  Yulee,2  Homasassa. 

REPRESENTATIVE . 

George  S.  Hawkins,  Pensacola. 


Robert  Toombs,4  Washington. 


GEORGIA.3 

SENATORS. 
REPRESENTATIVES. 


Peter  E.  Love,6  Thomas ville. 
Martin  J.  Crawford,"  Columbus. 
Thomas  Hardeman,  jr.,6  Macon. 
Lucius  J.  Gartrell,6  Atlanta. 


Stephen  A.  Douglas,  Chicago. 


Elihu  B.  Washburne,  Galena. 
John  F.  Farnsworth,  Chicago. 
Owen  Lovejoy,  Princeton. 
William  Kellogg,  Canton. 
Isaac  N.  Morris,  Quincy. 


Jesse^D.  Bright,  Jefferson  ville. 


ILLINOIS. 

SENATORS. 
REPRESENTATIVES. 


INDIANA. 


SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


William  E.  Niblack,  Vincennes. 
William  H.  English,  Lexington. 
William  M.  Dunn,  Madison. 
William  S.  Holman,  Lawrenceburg. 
David  Kilgore,  Muncietown. 
Albert  G.  Porter,  Indianapolis. 


Alfred  Iverson,5  Columbus. 


John  W.  H.  Underwood,6  Rome. 
James  Jackson,6  Athens. 
Joshua  Hill,7  Madison. 
John  J.  Jones,6  Waynesboro. 


Lyman  Trumbull,  Alton. 


John  A.  McClernand,  Springfield. 
James  C.  Robinson,  Marshall. 
Philip  B.  Fouke,  Belleville. 
John  A.  Logan,  Ben  ton. 


Graham  N.  Fitch,  Logansport. 


John  G.  Davis,  Rockville. 
James  Wilson,  Crawfords ville. 
Schuyler  Colfax,  South  Bend. 
Charles  Case,  Fort  Wayne. 
John  U.  Pettit,  Wabash. 


i  Seceded  from  the  Union  January  11, 1861. 
»  Withdrew  January  21, 1861. 
'  Seceded  from  the  Union  January  28, 1861. 
4  Did  not  occupy  his  seat  after  February  4, 1861. 
6  Presented  a  signed  communication  declaring  his  intention 
and  withdrew  January  28, 1861. 


•Joined  with  his  colleagues  in  presenting  a  signed  com- 
munication declaring  their  intention,  and  withdrew  January 
23, 1861. 

7  Resigned  January  23,  1801,  (in  written  communication 
addressed  to  the  Speaker.) 


THIRTY-SIXTH   CONGRESS. 
IOWA. 

SENATORS. 

James  Harlan,  Mount  Pleasant.  James  W.  Grimes,  Burlington. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

Samuel  R.  Curtis,  Keokuk.  William  Vandever  Dubuque. 

KENTUCKY. 

SENATORS. 

John  J.  Crittenden,  Frankfort.  Lazarus  W.  Powell,  Henderson. 


213 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


Henry  C.  Burnett,  Cadiz. 
Samuel  O.  Peyton,  Hartford. 
Francis  M.  Bnstow,  Elkton. 
William  C.  Anderson,1  Danville. 
John  Young  Brown,  Elizabeth  town. 


Green  Adams,  Barboursville. 
Robert  Mallory,  Lagrange. 
William  E.  Simms,  Paris. 
Laban  T.  Moore,  Louisa. 
John  W.  Stevenson,  Covington. 


LOUISIANA.2 

SENATORS. 

Judah  P.  Benjamin,3  New  Orleans.  John  Slidell,3  New  Orleans. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 


John  E'  Bouligny,  New  Orleans. 
Miles  Taylor,5  Donaldsonville. 


Thomas  G.  Davidson,4  Baton  Rouge. 
John  M.  Landrum,4  Shreveport. 


MAINE. 


SENATORS. 


William  Pitt  Fessenden,  Portland. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


Daniel  E.  Somes,  Biddeford. 
John  J.  Perry,  Oxford. 
Ezra  B.  French,  Damariscotta. 
Freeman  H.  Morse,  Bath. 


MARYLAND. 


Hannibal  Hamlin,6  Hampden. 
Lot  M.  Merrill,7  Augusta. 


Israel  Washburn,  jr.,8  Orono. 
Stephen  Coburn,9  Skowhegan. 
Stephen  C.  Foster,  Pembroke. 


SENATORS. 
James  A.  Pearce,  Chestertown.  Anthony  Kennedy,  Baltimore. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 


James  A.  Stewart,  Cambridge. 
Edwin  H.  Webster,  Belair. 
J.  Morrison  Harris,  Baltimore. 


H.  Winter  Davis,  Baltimore. 
Jacob  M.  Kunkel,  Frederick. 
George  W.  Hughes,  West  River. 


MASSACHUSETTS. 


Charles  Sumner,  Boston. 


SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


Thomas  D.  Eliot,  New  Bedford. 
Jamea  Buffington,  Fall  River. 
Charles  F.  Adams,  Quincy. 
Alexander  H.  Rice,  Boston. 
Anson  Burlingame,  Cambridge. 
John  B.  Alley,  Lynn. 


Henry  Wilson,  Natick. 


Daniel  W.  Gooch,  Melrose. 
Charles  R.  Train,  Framingham. 
Eli  Thayer,  Worcester. 
Charles  Delano,  Northampton. 
Henry  L.  Dawes,  North  Adams. 


>  Election  unsuccessfully  contested  by  James  S.  Chisman. 

*  Seceded  from  the  Union  January  20, 1801. 

3  Presented  a  signed  communication  declaring  his  intention 
and  withdrew  January  28, 1861. 
«  Did  not  occupy  his  seat  after  February  5, 1861. 

*  Bade  formal  adieu  and  withdrew  February  5, 1861. 


al 


8  Resigned  to  take  effect  January  17, 1861. 

i  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  Ilannib 
Hamlin,  and  took  his  seat  January  17, 1861. 

8  Resigned,  to  take  effect  January  1, 1861. 

•  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  Israel  AV ash- 
burn,  jr.,  and  took  his  seat  January  2, 1861. 


214  CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 

MICHIGAN. 

SENATORS. 

I 

Zachariah  Chandler,  Detroit.  Kingsley  S.  Bingham,  Kensington. 


George  B.  Cooper,1  Jackson. 
William  A.  Howard,2  Detroit. 
Henry  Waldron,  Hillsdale. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


Francis  W.  Kellogg,  Grand  Rapids. 
De  Witt  C.  Leach,  Lansing. 


MINNESOTA. 

SENATORS. 

Henry  M.  Rice,  St.  Paul.  Morton  S.  Wilkinson,  Mankato. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

Cyrus  Aldrich,  Minneapolis.  William  Windom,  Winona. 


MISSISSIPPI.3 

SENATORS. 

Albert  G.  Brown,4  Terry.  Jefferson  Davis,5  Hurricane. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 


Lucius  Q.  C.  Lamar,6  Abbeville. 
Reuben  Davis,6  Aberdeen. 
William  Barksdale,6  Columbus. 


Otho  R.  Singleton,6  Canton. 
John  J.  McRae,6  State  Line. 


James  S.  Green,  Canton. 


MISSOURI. 

SENATORS. 
REPRESENTATIVES. 


James  R.  Barrett,7  St.  Louis. 
Francis  P.  Blair,8  St.  Louis. 
Thomas  L.  Anderson,  Palmyra. 
John  B.  Clark,  Fayette. 


Trusten  Polk,  St.  Louie. 


James  Craig,  St.  Joseph. 
Samuel  H.  Woodson,  Independence. 
John  S.  Phelps,  Springfield. 
John  W.  Noell,  Perryville. 


John  P.  Hale,  Dover. 


NEW  HAMPSHIRE. 

SENATORS. 


Gilman  Marston,  Exeter. 
Mason  W.  Tappan,  Bradford. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


Daniel  Clark,  Manchester. 


Thomas  M.  Edwards,  Keene. 


John  R.  Thomson,  Princeton. 


NEW  JERSEY. 


SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


John  T.  Nixon,  Bridgeton. 

John  L.  N.  Stratton,  Mount  Holly. 

Garnett  B.  Adrain,  New  Brunswick. 


John  C.  Ten  Eyck,  Mount  Holly. 


Jetur  R.  Riggs,  Paterson. 
William  S.  Pennington,  Newark. 


i  Served  until  May  15, 1860;  succeeded  by  William  A.  How- 
ard, who  contested  his  election. 

*  Successfully  contested  the  election  of  George  B.  Cooper,  and 
took  his  seat  May  15, 1860. 

3  Seceded  from  the  Union  January  9, 1861. 
«  Withdrew  January  12, 1861. 

*  Withdrew  January  21,  1861. 


«  Was  not  present  in  his  seat  after  January  21, 1861. 

7  Served  until  June  8,  1860;  succeeded  by  Francis  P.  Blair, 
who  contested  hiselection;  subsequently  elected  to  fill  vacancy 
caused  by  resignation  of  Francis  P.  Blair,  and  took  his  seat 
December  3, 1860. 

8  Successfully  contested  the  election  of  James  R.  Barrett,  and 
took  his  seat  June  8, 1860;  resigned ,  1860. 


THIRTY-SIXTH   CONGRESS. 


215 


NEW   YORK. 


William  H.  Seward,  Auburn. 


SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


Luther  C.  Carter,  Flushing. 
James  Humphrey,  Brooklyn. 
Daniel  E.  Sickles,1  New  York. 
Thomas  J.  Barr,  New  York. 
William  B.  Maclay,  New  York. 
John  Cochrane,  New  York. 
George  Briggs,  New  York. 
Horace  F.  Clark,  New  York. 
John  B.  Haskin,  Fordham. 
Charles  H.  Van  Wyck,  Bloomingburg. 
William  S.  Ken  yon,  Kingston. 
Charles  L.  Beale,  Kinderhook. 
Abram  B.  Olin,  Troy. 
John  H.  Reynolds,  Albany. 
James  B.  McKean,  Saratoga. 
George  W.  Palmer,  Plattsburg. 
Francis  E.  Spinner,  Mohawk. 


Preston  King,  Ogdensburg. 


Clark  B.  Cochrane,  Schenectady. 
James  H.  Graham,  Delhi. 
Roscoe  Conkling,  Utica. 
R.  Holland  Duell,  Cortland. 
M.  Lindley  Lee,  Fulton. 
Charles  B.  Hoard,  Watertown. 
Charles  B.  Sedgwick,  Syracuse. 
Martin  Butterfield,  Palmyra. 
Emory  B.  Pottle,  Naples. 
Alfred  Wells,  Ithaca. 
William  Irvine,  Corning. 
Alfred  Ely,  Rochester. 
Augustus  Frank,  Warsaw. 
Silas  M.  Burroughs,2  Medina. 
Edwin  R.  Reynolds,3  Albion. 
Elbridge  G.  Spaulding,  Buffalo. 
Reuben  E.  Fenton,  Frewsburg. 


NORTH  CAROLINA. 

SENATORS. 

Thomas  L.  Clingman,  Asheville.  Thomas  Bragg,  Raleigh. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 


William  N.  H.  Smith,  Murfreesboro. 
Thomas  Ruffin,  Goldsboro. 
Warren  Winslow,  Fayetteville. 
Lawrence  O'B.  Branch,  Raleigh. 


John  A.  Gilmer,  Greensboro. 
James  M.  Leach,  Lexington. 
Burton  Craige,  Salisbury. 
Zebulon  B.  Vance,  Asheville. 


OHIO. 


Benjamin  F.  Wade,  Jefferson. 


SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


George  H.  Pendleton,  Cincinnati. 
John  A.  Gurley,  Cincinnati. 
Clement  L.  Vallandigham,  Dayton. 
William  Allen,  Greenville. 
James  M.  Ashley,  Toledo. 
William  Howard,  Batavia. 
Thomas  Corwin,  Lebanon. 
Benjamin  Stan  ton,  Belief  on  taine. 
John  Carey,  Carey. 
Carey  A.  Trimble,  Chillicothe. 
Charles  D.  Martin,  Lancaster. 


George  E.  Pugh,  Cincinnati. 


Samuel  S.  Cox,  Columbus. 
John  Sherman,  Mansfield. 
Harrison  G.  Blake,4  Medina. 
William  Helmick,  New  Philadelphia. 
Cydnor  B.  Tompkins,  McConnellsville. 
Thomas  C.  Theaker,  Bridgeport. 
Sidney  Edgerton,  Tallmadge. 
Edward  Wade,  Cleveland. 
John  Hutchins,  Warren. 
John  A.  Bingham,  Cadiz. 


OREGON. 

SENATORS. 


Joseph  Lane,  Winchester. 


Edward  D.  Baker,5  Oregon  City. 


REPRESENTATIVE. 

Lansing  Stout,  Portland. 


1  Election  unsuccessfully  contested  by  Amor  J.  Williamson. 
»  Died  June  3,  1860. 

3  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  death  of  Silas  M.  Bur- 
roughs, and  took  his  seat  December  5, 1860. 


4  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  the  death  of  Cyrus  Spink, 
in  1859,  before  the  assembling  of  the  Congress. 

5  Took  his  seat  December  5, 1860;  seat  vacant  from  March  4, 
1859,  to  December  5, 1860. 


216 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 


PENNSYLVANIA. 


William  Bigler,  Clearfield. 


SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


Thomas  B.  Florence,  Philadelphia. 
Edward  Joy  Morris,  Philadelphia. 
John  P.  Verree,  Philadelphia. 
William  Millward,  Philadelphia. 
John  Wood,  Conshohocken. 
John  Hickman,  West  Chester. 
Henry  C.  Longnecker,  Allen  town. 
John  Schwartz,1  Reading. 
Jacob  K.  McKenty,2  Reading. 
Thaddeus  Stevens,  Lancaster. 
John  W.  Killinger,  Lebanon. 
James  H.  Campbell,  Pottsville. 
George  W.  Scran  ton. 


Simon  Cameron,  Harrisburg. 


William  H.  Dimmick,  Honesdale. 
Galusha  A.  Grow,  Glenwood. 
James  T.  Hale,  Bellefonte. 
Benjamin  F.  Junkin,  New  Bloomfield. 
Edward  McPherson,  Gettysburg. 
Samuel  S.  Blair,  Holidaysburg. 
John  Covode,  Lockport. 
William  Montgomery,  Washington. 
James  K.  Moorhead,  Pittsburgh. 
Robert  McKnight,  Pittsburgh. 
William  Stewart,  Mercer. 
Chapin  Hall,  Warren. 
Elijah  Babbitt,  Erie. 


RHODE    ISLAND. 

SENATORS. 

James  F.  Simmons,  Providence.  Henry  B.  Anthony,  Providence. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

Christopher  Robinson,  Woonsocket.  William  D.  Brayton,  Warwick. 


SOUTH   CAROLINA.3 

SENATORS. 

James  H.  Hammond,4  Beech  Island.  James  Chesnut,  jr.,5  Camden. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 


John  McQueen,6  Marlboro. 
W.  Porcher  Miles,  Charleston. 
Lawrence  M.  Keitt,  Orangeburg. 


Milledge  L.  Bonham,6  Edgefield. 
John  D.  Ashmore,6  Anderson. 
William  W.  Boyce,6  Winnsboro. 


TENNESSEE. 


SENATORS. 


Andrew  Johnson,  Greeneville. 


REPRESENTATIVES . 


Thomas  A.  R.  Nelson,  Jonesboro. 
Horace  Maynard,  Knoxville. 
Reese  B.  Brabson,  Chattanooga. 
William  B.  Stokes,  Alexandria. 
Robert  Hatton,  Lebanon. 


Matthias  Ward,  Jefferson. 
Louis  T.  Wigfall,9  Marshall. 


TEXAS.8 


SENATORS. 


Alfred  O.  P.  Nicholson,7  Columbia. 


James  H.  Thomas,  Columbia. 
John  V.  Wright,  Purdy. 
James  M.  Quarles,  Clarksville. 
Emerson  Etheridge,  Dresden. 
William  T.  Avery,  Memphis. 


John  Hemphill,  Austin. 


BEPRESENTATIVES. 

John  H.  Reagan,  Palestine.  Andrew  J.  Hamilton,  Austin. 


1  Died  June  20,  I860. 

2  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  death  of  John  Schwartz, 
and  took  his  seat  December  3, 1860. 

a  Seceded  from  the  Union  December  20, 1860. 

«  Withdrew  November  11, 1860. 

5  Withdrew  November  10, 1860. 

'Withdrew  December  21, 1860;  signed  declaration  of  inten- 
tion, of  date  December  21, 1860,  which  was  read  and  ordered 
printed  December  24, 1860. 


'  Withdrew  March  3,  1861. 

8  Seceded  from  the  Union  February  1, 1861. 

9  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  death  of  J.   Pinckney 
Henderson,  and  took  his  seat  January  4, 1860. 


THIRTY-SIXTH   CONGRESS. 


217 


Solomon  Foot,  Rutland. 


Justin  S.  Morrill,  Strafford. 
Ezekiel  P.  Walton,  Montpelier. 


Robert  M.  T.  Hunter,  Lloyds. 


VERMONT. 

SENATORS. 
REPRESENTATIVES. 

VIRGINIA. 

SENATORS. 
REPRESENTATIVES. 


Muscoe  R.  H.  Garnett,  Loretto. 

John  S.  Millson,  Norfolk. 

Daniel  C.  De  Jarnette,  Bowling  Green. 

William  O.  Goode.1 

Roger  A.  Pryor,2  Petersburg. 

Thomas  S.  Bocock,  Appomattox. 

Shelton  F.  Leake,  Charlottesville. 


Charles  Durkee,  Kenosha. 


WISCONSIN. 

SENATOR. 
REPRESENTATIVES. 


John  F.  Potter,  East  Troy. 
Cadwallader  C.  Washburn,  La  Crosse. 


Jacob  Collamer,  Woodstock. 


Homer  E.  Royce,  East  Berkshire. 


James  M.  Mason,  Winchester. 


William  Smith,  Warrenton. 
Alexander  R.  Boteler,  Shepherdstown . 
John  T.  Harris,  Harrisonburg. 
Sherrard  Clemens,  Wheeling. 
Albert  G.  Jenkins,  Green  Bottom. 
Henry  A.  Edmundson,  Salem. 
Elbert  S.  Martin,  Lee. 


James  R.  Doolittle,  Racine. 


Gharles  H.  Larrabee,  Horicon. 


TERRITORY  OF  KANSAS.3 

DELEGATE. 

Marcus  J.  Parrott,4  Leaven  worth. 
TERRITORY  OF  NEBRASKA. 

DELEGATES. 

Experience  Estabrook,5  Omaha.  Samuel  G.  Daily,6  Peru. 

TERRITORY  OF  NEW  MEXICO. 

DELEGATE. 

Miguel  A.  Otero,  Albuquerque. 
TERRITORY  OF  UTAH. 

DELEGATE. 

William  H.  Hooper,  Salt  Lake  City. 
TERRITORY  OF  WASHINGTON. 

DELEGATE. 

Isaac  I.  Stevens,  Olympia. 


J  Died  July  2, 1859. 

5  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  death  o{  William  O. 
Goode,  and  took  his  seat  December  7,  1859. 

3  Erected  into  a  state  January  29,  18(51. 

<  Served  until  January  29, 1861,  when  the  territory  was  ele- 
vated to  statehood. 


'•>  Served  until  May  18,  1860;  succeeded  by  Samuel  G.  Daily, 
who  contested  his  election. 

'Successfully  contested  the  election  of  Experience  Esta- 
brook, and  took  his  seat  May  18, 1860. 


THIRTY-SEVENTH  CONGRESS. 


MARCH  4,  1861,  TO  MARCH  3,  1863. 


FIRST  SESSION—  July  4,  1861,  to  August  6,  1861.  SECOND  SESSION—  December  2, 
1861,  to  July  17,  1862.  THIRD  SESSION—  December  1,  1862,  to  March  3,  1863. 
SPECIAL  SESSION  OF  THE  SENATE—  March  4,  1861,  to  March  28,  1861. 


VICE  PRESIDENT—  Hannibal  Hamlin,  of  Maine.  PRESIDENT  OF  THE  SENATE  PRO 
TEMPORE  —  Solomon  Foot,1  of  Vermont.  SECRETARIES  OF  THE  SENATE  —  Asbury  Dickens,  of 
North  Carolina  ;  John  W.  Forney,2  of  Pennsylvania. 

SPEAKER  OF  THE  HOUSE  —  Galusha  A.  Grow,  of  Pennsylvania.  CLERK  OF  THE 
HOUSE  —  Emerson  Etheridge,  of  Tennessee. 


ALABAMA. 

SENATORS. 

Vacant.  Vacant.3 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

Vacant. 
ARKANSAS. 

SENATORS. 

William  K.  Sebastian,4  Helena.  Charles  B.  Mitchel,4  Little  Rock. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

Vacant. 
CALIFORNIA. 

SENATORS. 

Milton  S.  Latham,  Sacramento.  James  A.  McDougall,  San  Francisco. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

Frederick  F.  Low,5  San  Francisco.  Aaron  A.  Sargent,  Nevada. 

Timothy  G.  Phelps,  San  Mateo. 

CONNECTICUT. 

SENATORS. 

Lafayette  S.  Foster,  Norwich.  James  Dixon,  Hartford. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

Alfred  A.  Burnham,  Windham.  Dwight  Loomis,  Rockville. 

James  E.  English,  New  Haven.  George  C.  Woodruff,  Litchfield. 

1  Elected  March  23,  1861;  July  18,  1861;  January  15,  1862;         5  Presented  credentials  and  claimed  a  seat  as  a  third  repre- 
March  31,  1862;  June  19,  1862,  and  February  18,  1863.  sentative  from  the  state  December  2,  1861;  declared  not  en- 

2  Elected  July  15,  1861.  titled  to  a  seat  by  resolution  of  May  6, 1862;  upon  approval  of 
s  Seat  of  Clement  C.  Clay,  jr.,  declared  vacant  by  resolution      the  act  of  June  2,  1862,  allowing   the  state  of  California  an 

of  March  14, 1861  (special  session  of  the  Senate).  additional  representative,  appeared  and  took  his  seat  June  3, 

4  Expelled  by  resolution  of  July  11,  1861.    The  resolution      1862. 
with  its  preamble  was  revoked  and  annulled,  so  far  as  Mr. 
Sebastian  was  concerned,  by  resolution  of  the  Senate  of  March 
3, 1877. 

218 


THIRTY-SEVENTH   CONGRESS. 
DELAWARE. 

SENATORS. 

James  A.  Bayard,  Wilmington.  Willard  Saulsbury,  Georgetown. 

REPRESENTATIVE . 

George  P.  Fisher,  Dover. 


219 


Vacant.1 


Vacant.2 


FLORIDA. 

SENATORS. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

Vacant. 
GEORGIA. 

SENATORS. 
REPRESENTATIVES. 

Vacant. 


Vacant. 


Vacant. 


ILLINOIS. 

SENATORS. 


Stephen  A.  Douglas,3  Chicago. 
Orville  H.  Browning,4  Quincy. 
William  A.  Richardson,5  Quincy. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


Isaac  N.  Arnold,  Chicago. 
Philip  B.  Foulke,  Belleville. 
William  Kellogg,  Canton. 
John  A.  Logan,®  Benton. 
William  J.  Allen,7  Marion. 
Owen  Lovejoy,  Princeton. 


Lyman  Trumbull,  Alton. 


John  A.  McClernand,8  Springfield. 
Anthony  L.  Knapp,9  Jerseyville. 
William  A.  Richardson,10  Quincy. 
James  C.  Robinson,  Marshall. 
Elihu  B.  Washburne,  Galena. 


INDIANA. 


SENATORS. 


Jesse  D.  Bright,11  Jefferson ville. 
Joseph  A.  Wright,12  Indianapolis. 
David  Turpie,13  Indianapolis. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


Schuyler  Colfax,  South  Bend. 
James  A.  Cravens,  Hardinsburg. 
William  McKee  Dunn,  Madison. 
William  S.  Holman,  Aurora. 
George  W.  Julian,  Centerville. 
John  Law,  Evansville. 


Henry  S.  Lane,  Crawfordsville. 


William  Mitchell,  Kendall  ville. 
Albert  G.  Porter,  Indianapolis. 
John  P.  C.  Shanks,  Jay  Court  House. 
Daniel  W.  Voorhees,  Terre  Haute. 
Albert  S.  White,  Stockwell. 


1  Seat  of  Stephen  R.  Mallory  declared  vacant  by  resolution 
of  March  14,  1861  (special  session  of  the  Senate). 

2  Seat  of  Robert  Toombs  declared  vacant  by  resolution  of 
March  14, 1861  (special  session). 

3  Died  Junes,  1861. 

*  Appointed  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  death  of  Stephen  A . 
Douglas,  and  took  his  seat  July  4,  1861. 

5  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  death  of  Stephen  A. 
Douglas,  and  took  his  seat  January  30,  1863. 

«  Resigned  April  2,  1862. 

7  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  John  A. 
Logan,  and  took  his  seat  June  2, 1862. 


8  Resigned  October  28,  1861. 

'Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  John  A. 
McClernand.  and  took  his  seat  December  12,  1861. 

i»  Resigned  January  29,  1863,  having  been  elected  Senator, 
to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  death  of  Stephen  A.  Douglas. 

"Expelled  February  5, 1862. 

1S  Appointed  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  expulsion  of  Jesse  D. 
Bright,  and  took  his  seat  March  3,  1862. 

"Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  expulsion  of  Jesse  D. 
Bright,  and  took  his  seat  January  22, 1863. 


220  CONGRESSIONAL,  DIRECTORY. 

IOWA. 

SENATORS. 

James  Harlan,  Mount  Pleasant.  James  W.  Grimes,  Burlington. 


Samuel  R.  Curtis,1  Keokuk. 
James  F.  Wilson,2  Fairfield. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


KANSAS.4 


William  Vandever,3  Dubuque. 


SENATORS. 
Samuel  C.  Pomeroy,5  Atchison.  James  H.  Lane,6  Lawrence. 

REPRESENTATIVE. 

Martin  F.  Conway,  Lawrence. 
KENTUCKY. 

SENATORS. 


Lazarus  W.  Powell,  Henderson. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


Henry  C.  Burnett,9  Cadiz. 
Samuel  L.  Casey,10  Caseyville. 
John  J.  Crittenden,  Frankfort. 
George  W.  Dunlap,  Lancaster. 
Henry  Grider,  Bowling  Green. 
Aaron  Harding,  Greensburg. 


LOUISIANA. 


SENATORS. 

Vacant.13 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

Benjamin  F.  Flanders,14  New  Orleans. 


John  C.  Breckinridge,7  Lexington. 
Garrett  Davis,8  Paris. 


James  S.  Jackson,11  Hopkinsville. 
George  H.  Yeaman,12  Owens  boro. 
Robert  Mallory,  La  Grange. 
John  W.  Menzies,  Covington. 
Wm.  H.  Wadsworth,  Maysville. 
Charles  A.  Wickliffe,  Bardstown. 


Vacant. 


Michael  Hahn,!i  New  Orleans. 


MAINE. 


SENATORS. 


William  Pitt  Fessenden,  Portland. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


Samuel  C.  Fessenden,  Rockland. 
John  N.  Goodwin,  South  Berwick. 
Anson  P.  Morrill,  Readfield. 


LotM.  Morrill,  Augusta. 


Frederick  A.  Pike,  Calais. 
John  H.  Rice,  Foxcroft. 
Charles  W.  Walton, I0  Auburn. 
Thomas  A.  D.  Fessenden, 17  Auburn. 


i  Resigned  August  4,  1861. 

*  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  Samuel  R. 
Curtis,  and  took  his  seat  December  2,  1861. 

3  Took  his  seat  July  4,  1861;  election  contested  by  Le 
Grand  Byington.  By  resolution  of  January  20,  1863,  it  was 
declared  contestee  had  not  been  entitled  to  a  seat  since  Sep- 
tember 24, 1861  the  day  he  was  mustered  into  the  military 
service  of  the  United  States  as  a  colonel  of  volunteers.  Case 
of  contestant  remained  undisposed  of  at  close  of  the  Congress. 

<  Admitted  as  a  State  into  the  Union  January  29, 1861. 

5  Took  his  seat  July  4, 1861;  term  to  expire,  as  determined 
by  lot,  March  3, 1867. 

e  Took  his  seat  July  4, 1861;  term  to  expire,  as  determined 
by  lot,  March  3, 1865.  Election  unsuccessfully  contested  by 
Frederick  P.  Stanton. 

7  Expelled  by  resolution  of  December  4, 1861. 

8  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  expulsion  of  John  C. 
Breckinridge,  and  took  his  seat  December  23, 1861. 


•  Expelled  by  resolution  of  December  3,  1861. 

•«  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  expulsion  of  Henry  C. 
Burnett,  and  took  his  seat  March  10,  1862. 

»  Resigned  in  December,  1861,  to  enter  the  Union  Army; 
(killed  at  the  battle  of  Perryville,  Ky.,  October  8,  1862). 

13  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  death  of  Jamce  S.  Jaek- 
son,  and  took  his  seat  December  1, 1862. 

13  Seat  of  Judah  P.  Benjamin  declared  vacant  by  resolution 
ofMarch  14, 1861  (special  session  of  the  Senate). 

14  Credentials  presented  December  19,  1862;  declared  entitled 
to  his  seat  by  resolution  of  February  17,  1863,  and  took  his 
ssat  February  23, 1863. 

15  Credentials  presented  December  22, 1862;  declared  entitled 
to  his  seat  by  resolution  of  February  17,  1863,  and  took  his 
seat  the  same  day. 

16  Resigned  May  26,  1862. 

17  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  Charles  W. 
Walton,  and  took  his  seat  December  1,  1862. 


THIRTY-SEVENTH   CONGRESS. 


221 


MARYLAND. 

SENATORS. 


James  A.  Pearce, '  Chestertown. 
Thomas  H.  Hicks, 2  Cambridge. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


Charles  B.  Calvert,  Bladensburg. 
John  W.  Crisfield,  Princess  Anne. 
Cornelius  L.  L.  Leary,  Baltimore. 


Anthony  Kennedy,  Ellicotts  Mills. 


Henry  May,  Baltimore. 
Francis  Thomas,  Frankville. 
Edwin  H.  Webster,  Belair. 


MASSACHUSETTS. 


SENATORS. 


Charles  Sumner,  Boston. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


John  B.  Alley,  Lynn. 
William  Appleton, 3  Boston. 
Samuel  W.  Hooper, 4  Boston. 
Goldsmith  F.  Bailey, 5  Fitchburg. 
Amasa  Walker, 6  North  Brookfield. 
James  Buffington,  Fall  River. 
Henry  L.  Dawes,  North  Adams. 


Henry  Wilson,  Natick. 


Charles  Delano,  Northampton. 
Thomas  D.  Eliot,  New  Bedford. 
Daniel  W.  Gooch,  Melrose. 
Alexander  H.  Rice,  Boston. 
Benjamin  F.  Thomas,  Boston. 
Charles  R.  Train,  Framingham. 


Zachariah  Chandler,  Detroit. 


MICHIGAN. 

SENATORS. 
REPRESENTATIVES. 


Fernando  C.  Beaman,  Adrian. 
Bradley  F.  Granger,  Ann  Arbor. 


Kinsley  S.  Bingham, 7  Oak  Grove. 
Jacob  M.  Howard, 8  Detroit. 


Francis  W.  Kellogg,  Grand  Rapids. 
Howland  E.  Trow  bridge,  Birmingham. 


MINNESOTA. 

SENATORS. 

Henry  M.  Rice,  St.  Paul.  Morton  S.  Wilkinson,  Mankato. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

Cyrus  Aldrich,  Minneapolis.  William  Windom,  Winona. 

MISSISSIPPI. 


Vacant.9 


SENATORS. 
REPRESENTATIVES. 

Vacant. 


Vacant.9 


1  Died  December  20,  1862. 

3  Appointed  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  death  of  James  A. 
Pearce,  and  took  his  seat  January  14,  1863. 

3  Resigned  September  27, 1861. 

4  Elected  to  nil  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  William 
Appleton,  and  took  his  seat  December  2,  1861. 

o  Died  May  8.  1862. 


"  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  death  of  Goldsmith  F. 
Bailey,  and  took  his  seat  December  1,  1862. 
i  Died  October  5, 1861. 

8  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  death  of  Kinsley  S.  Bing- 
ham, and  took  his  seat  January  17, 1862. 

9  Seats  of  Albert  G.  Brown  and  Jefferson  Davis  declared 
vacant  by  resolution  of  March  14,  1861  (special  session). 


222 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 

MISSOURI. 

SENATORS. 


Trusten  Polk, 1  St.  Louis. 

John  B.  Henderson,2  Louisiana. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


Francis  P.  Blair,  jr.,5  St.  Louis. 
John  W.  Noell,  Perryville. 
Elijah  H.  Norton,  Platte  City. 
Johns  S.  Phelps,  Springfield. 


Waldo  Porter  Johnson, 3  Osceola. 
Robert  Wilson, 4  St.  Joseph. 


John  W.  Reid,0  Jefferson  City. 
Thomas  L.  Price,7  Jefferson  City. 
James  S.  Rollins,  Columbia. 
John  B.  Clark,8  Fayette. 
William  A.  Hall,9  Huntsville. 


John  P.  Hale,  Dover. 


NEW  HAMPSHIRE. 

SENATORS. 
REPRESENTATIVES. 


Thomas  M.  Edwards,  Keene. 
Oilman  Marston,  Exeter. 


Daniel  Clark,  Manchester. 


Edward  H.  Rollins,  Concord. 


NEW  JERSEY. 


SENATORS. 


John  R.  Thomson, 10  Princeton. 
Richard  S.  Field,  "  Princeton. 
James  W.  Wall, 12  Burlington. 


George  T.  Cobb,  Morristown. 
John  T.  Nixon,  Bridgeton. 
Nehemiah  Perry,  Newark. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


NEW  YORK. 


John  C.  Ten  Eyck,  Mount  Holly. 


William  G.  Steele,  Somerville. 
J.  L.  N.  Stratton,  Mount  Holly. 


Preston  King,  Ogdensburg. 


SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


Stephen  Baker,  Poughkeepsie. 
Jacob  P.  Chamberlain,  Seneca  Falls. 
Ambrose  W.  Clark,  Watertown. 
Frederick  A.  Conkling,  New  York. 
Roscoe  Conkling,  Utica. 
Erastus  Corning,  Albany. 
Isaac  C.  Delaplain,  New  York. 
Alexander  S.  Diven,  Elmira. 
R.  Holland  Duell,  Courtland. 
Alfred  Ely,  Rochester. 
Reuben  E.  Fen  ton,  Frewsburg, 
Richard  Franchot,  Schenectady. 
Augustus  Frank,  Warsaw. 
Edward  Haight,  West  Chester. 
James  E.  Kerrigan,  New  York. 
William  E.  Lansing,  Chittenango. 
James  B.  McKean,  Saratoga  Springs. 


Ira  Harris,  Albany. 


Moses  F.  Odell,  Brooklyn. 
Abram  B.  Olin,  Troy. 
Theodore  M.  Pomeroy,  Auburn. 
Charles  B.  Sedgwick,  Syracuse. 
Socrates  N.  Sherman,  Ogdensburg. 
Edward  H.  Smith,  Smithtown. 
Elbridge  G.  Spaulding,  Buffalo. 
John  B.  Steele,  Kingston. 
Burt  Van  Horn,  Newfane. 
Robert  B.  Van  Valkenburgh,  Bath. 
Charles  H.  Van  Wyck,  Bloomingburg. 
Chauncey  Vibbard,  Schenectady. 
William  Wall,  Brooklyn. 
Elijah  Ward,  New  York. 
William  A.  Wheeler,  Malone. 
Benjamin  Wood,  New  York. 


1  Expelled  by  resolution  of  January  10,  1862. 

2  Appointed 'to  fill  the  vacancy  caused  by  expulsion  of 
Trusten  Polk,  and  took  his  seat  January  29,  1862. 

3  Expelled  by  resolution  of  January  10,  1862. 

4  Appointed  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  expulsion  of  Waldo 
P.  Johnson,  and  took  his  seat  January  24,  1862. 

4  Resigned  in  July.  1862. 
•  Expelled  by  resolution  of  December  2, 1861. 
7  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  expulsion  of  John  W. 
Reid,  and  took  his  seat  January  21, 1862. 


6  Expelled  by  resolution  of  July  13, 1861. 

»  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  expulsion  of  John  B 
Clark,  and  took  his  seat  January  20,  1862. 

10  Died  September  12,  1862. 

u  Appointed  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  death  of  John  R. 
Thomson,  and  took  his  seat  December  1,  1S62. 

)S  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  death  of  John  R.  Thom- 
son, and  took  his  seat  January  21, 1863. 


THIRTY-SEVENTH   CONGRESS. 


223 


NORTH  CAROLINA.1 

SENATORS. 

Thomas  L.  Clingman,2  Asheville.  Thomas  Bragg,2  Raleigh. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

Vacant. 


Benjamin  F.  Wade,  Jefferson. 


OHIO. 

SENATORS. 
REPRESENTATIVES. 


William  Allen,  Greenville. 
James  M.  Ashley,  Toledo. 
John  A.  Bingham,  Cadiz. 
Harrison  G.  Blake,  Medina. 
Samuel  S.  Cox,  Columbus. 
William  P.  Cutler,  Constitution. 
Sidney  Edgerton,  Tallmadge. 
John  A.  Gurley,  Cincinnati. 
Thomas  Corwin,5  Lebanon. 
Richard  A.  Harrison,6  London. 
Valentine  B.  Horton,  Pomeroy. 


Salmon  P.  Chase,3  Cincinnati. 
John  Sherman,4  Mansfield. 


John  Hutchins,  Warren. 
James  R.  Morris,  Woodsfield. 
Warren  P.  Noble,  Tiffin. 
Robert  H.  Nugen,  New  Comerstown. 
George  H.  Pendleton,  Cincinnati. 
Albert  G.  Riddle,  Cleveland. 
Samuel  Shellabarger,  Springfield. 
Carey  A.  Trimble,  Chillicothe. 
Clement  L.  Vallandigham,  Dayton. 
Chilton  A.  White,  Georgetown. 
Samuel  T.  Worcester,  Norwalk. 


Edward  D.  Baker,7  Oregon  City. 
Benjamin  Stark,8  Portland. 
Benjamin  F.  Harding,9  Salem. 


OREGON. 

SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVE. 


Andrew  J.  Thayer.1 


James  W.  Nesmith,  Salem. 


George  K.  Shiel,11  Salem. 


PENNSYLVANIA. 


Simon  Cameron,12  Harrisburg. 
David  Wilmot,13  Towanda. 


SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


Sydenham  E.  Ancona,  Reading. 
Elijah  Babbitt,  Erie. 
Joseph  Baily,  Newport. 
E.  Joy  Morris,14  Philadelphia. 
Charles  J.  Biddle,15  Philadelphia. 
Samuel  S.  Blair,  Hollidaysburg. 
James  H.  Campbell,  Pottsville. 
Thomas  B.  Cooper,16  Coopersburg. 
John  D.  Stiles,17  Allentown. 
John  Covode,  Lockport  Station. 
William  Morris  Davis,  Milestown. 
Galusha  A.  Grow,  Glen  wood. 
James  T.  Hale,  Bellefonte. 
John  Hickman,  West  Chester. 
Philip  Johnson,  Easton. 


Edgar  Cowan,  Greensburg. 


William  D.  Kelley,  Philadelphia. 
John  W.  Killinger,  Lebanon. 
Jesse  Lazear,  Waynesburg. 
William  E.  Lehman,18  Philadelphia. 
Robert  McKnight,  Pittsburgh. 
Edward  McPherson,  Gettysburg. 
James  K.  Moorhead,  Pittsburgh. 
John  Patton,  Curwinsville. 
Thaddeus  Stevens,  Lancaster. 
John  P.  Verree,19  Philadelphia: 
John  W.  Wallace,  Newcastle. 
George  W.  Scranton,20  Scranton. 
Hendrick  B.  Wright,21  Wilkes-Barre, 


1  Seceeded  from  the  Union  May  21,  1861.     Charles  Henry 
Foster  claimed  the  right  to  represent  the  first  congressional 
district. 

2  Expelled  by  resolution  of  July  11, 1861. 

'Resigned  March  5,  1861,  to  become  Secretary  of  the 
Treasury. 

<  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  Salmon  P. 
Chase,  and  took  his  seat  March  23, 1861. 

5  Resigned  March  12, 1871,  to  become  Minister  to  Mexico. 

6  Elected   to  fill   vacancy   caused    by   the   resignation  of 
Thomas  Corwin,  and  took  his  seat  July  4,  1861. 

'Died  October 21, 1861. 

8  Appointed  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  death  of  Edward  D. 
Baker,  and  took  his  seat  February  27, 18G2. 

9  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  death  of  Edward  D.  Baker, 
and  took  his  seat  December  1, 1862. 

10  Served  until  July  30  1861;  succeeded  by  George  K.  Shiel, 
who  contested  his  election. 


11  Successfully  contested  the  election  of  Andrew  J.  Thayer, 
and  took  his  seat  July  30, 1861. 

12  Resigned  March  4, 1861,  to  become  Secretary  of  War. 

13  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  Simon 
Cameron,  and  took  his  seat  March  18, 1861. 

w  Resigned  Jnne  8,  1861,  to  become  minister  resident  to 
Turkey. 

i*  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  E.  Joy 
Morris,  and  took  his  seat  December  2,  1861. 

i«  Died  April  4, 1862. 

»  Electea  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  death  of  Thomas  B. 
Cooper,  and  took  his  seat  June  3, 1862. 

is  Election  unsuccessfully  contested  by  John  M.  Butler. 

19  Election  unsuccessfully  contested  by  John  Kline. 

*«  Died  March  24,  1861. 

M  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  the  death  of  George  W. 
Scranton,  and  took  his  seat  July  4, 1861. 


224  CONGRESSIONAL,  DIRECTORY. 

RHODE    ISLAND. 

SENATORS. 

Henry  B.  Anthony,  Providence.  Jamea  F.  Simmons,1  Providence. 

Samuel  G.  Arnold,2  Providence. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

George  H.  Browne,  Providence.  William  P.  Sheffield,  Newport. 

SOUTH  CAROLINA. 

SENATORS. 

Vacant.  Jamea  Chestnut,  jr.,3  Camden. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

Vacant. 
TENNESSEE.4 

SENATORS. 

Andrew  Johnson,5  Greeneville.  Alfred  O.  P.  Nicholson,6  Columbia. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

George  W.  Bridges,7  Athena.  Horace  Maynard,  Knoxville. 

Andrew  J.  Clements,8  Lafayette. 

TEXAS. 

SENATORS. 

Louis  T.  Wigfall,9  Marshall.  John  Hemphill,9  Austin. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

Vacant. 
VERMONT. 

SENATORS.     . 

Solomon  Foot,  Rutland.  Jacob  Collamer  Woodstock. 

REPRESENTATIVES . 

Portus  Baxter,  Derby  Line.  Ezekiel  P.  Walton,  Montpelier. 

Justin  S.  Morrill,  Strafford. 

VIRGINIA.10 

SENATORS. 

Robert  M.  T.  Hunter,11  Lloyds.  James  M.  Mason,11  Winchester. 

John  S.  Carlile,12  Wheeling.  Waitman  T.  Willey,13  Morgantown. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

William  G.  Brown,  Kingwood.  Charles  H.  Upton,  17  Falls  Church. 

John  S.  Carlile,14  Wheeling.  Lewis  McKenzie,18  Alexandria. 

Jacob  B.  Blair,15  Parkersburg.  Killian  V.  Whaley,  Ceredo. 
Joseph  E.  Segar, 16  Elizabeth  City.  «   < 

L  Resigned  August  15,  1862.  u  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  withdrawal  of  Robert  M. 

8  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  James  F.       T.  Hunter,  and  took  his  seat  July  13,  1861. 

Simmons,  and  took  his  seat  December  1, 1862.  13  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  withdrawal  of  James  M. 

3  Expelled  by  resolution  of  July  11, 1861.  Mason,  and  took  his  seat  July  13, 1861. 

1861.  i«  Resigned  July  9, 1801,  having  been  elected  senator. 

I  Seceded  from  the  Union  May  6, 1861.  15  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  John  S. 
5  Resigned  March  4,  1862,  to  become  military  governor  of      Carlile,  elected  Senator,  and  took  his  seat  December  2, 1861. 

Tennessee.  i«  Declared  not  entitled  to  his  seat  under  first  credentials 

•  Expelled  by  resolution  of  July  11,1861.         ,  by  resolution  of  February  11, 1862;  subsequently  elected  and 

'  Elected  in  August,  1861;  took'his  seat  February  25, 1863.  declared  entitled  to  seat  under  second  credentials  by  resolution 

8  Took  his  seat  January  13, 1862.  of  May  6, 1862;  qualified  and  took  his  seat  the  same  day. 

9  Expelled  by  resolution  of  July  11, 1861.  17  Unseated  by  resolution  of  February  27, 1862;  S.  Furguson 

10  Secededfrom  the  Union  April  17, 1861.    Unrepresented  in  Beach,  contestant,  delared  not  entitled  to  seat  by  resolution 
this  Congress  from  March  28,  1861,  to  July  9,  1861.  of  March  31, 1862. 

II  Withdrew  March  28,  1861;  formally  expelled  by  resolu-          «  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  the  unseating  of  Charles 
tion  of  July  11, 1861.  H.  Upton,  and  took  his  seat  February  16,  1863. 


THIRTY-SEVENTH   CONGRESS.  225 

WISCONSIN. 

SENATORS. 

James  R.  Doolittle,  Racine.  Timothy  O.  Howe,  Green  Bay. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

Luther  Hanchett, *  Plover.  John  F.  Potter,  East  Troy. 

Walter  D.  Mclndoe,  2  Warsaw.  A.  Scott  Sloan,  Beaver  Dam. 

TERRITORY  OF  COLORADO.3 

DELEGATE. 

Hiram  P.  Bennett,  Denver. 
TERRITORY  OF  DAKOTA.4 

DELEGATE. 

John  B.  S.  Todd,  Fort  Randall. 
TERRITORY  OF  NEBRASKA. 

DELEGATE. 

Samuel  G.  Daily, 5  Peru. 
TERRITORY  OF  NEVADA.8 

DELEGATE. 

John  Cradlebaugh,  Carson  City. 
TERRITORY  OF  NEW  MEXICO. 

DELEGATE. 

/ 

John  S.  Watts,  Santa  Fe. 
TERRITORY  OF  UTAH. 

DELEGATE. 

John  M.  Bernhisel,  Salt  Lake  City. 
TERRITORY  OF  WASHINGTON. 

DELEGATE. 

William  H.  Wallace,  Steilacoom. 

1  Died  November  24, 1862.  States  by  France  by  treaty  of  April  30, 1803;  territorial  gov- 

2  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  death  of  Luther  Hanchett,  ernment  provided,  with  Delegate  representation  in  Congress, 
and  took  his  seat  Januay  26, 1863.  by  Act  of  March  2, 1861. 

3  Formed  from  portions  of  the  territory  ceded  to  the  United  5  Election  unsuccessfully  contested  by  J.  Sterling  Morton. 
States  by  France  by  the  treaty  of  Paris  of  April  30,  1803,  and  "  Formed  fromaportiouof  the  territory  ceded  to  the  Unitep 
of  that  ceded  by  Mexico  by  the  treaty  of  Guadalupe  Hidalgo  of  States  by  Mexico  by  the  treaty  of  Ouadalupe  Hidalgo,  of  Feb- 
February  2, 1848;  erected  into  a  territorial  government,  and  ruary  2,  1848;  erected  into  a  territorial  government,  and  a 
a  Delegate  in  Congress  granted,  by  Act  of  February  28, 1861.  Delegate  in  Congress  granted,  by  Act  of  March.  2, 1861. 

«  Formed  from  a  portion  of  the  territory  ceded  to  the  United 

50346°— S.  Doc.  654,  61-2 15 


THIRTY-EIGHTH  CONGRESS. 


MARCH  4,  1863,  to  MARCH  3,  1865. 


FIRST  SESSION— December  7,  1863,  to  July  4,  1864.  SECOND  SESSION— December  5, 
1864,  to  March  3,  1865.  SPECIAL  SESSION  OF  THE  SENATE— March  4,  1863,  to 
March  14,  1863. 


VICE  PRESIDENT— Hannibal  Hamlin,  of  Maine.  PRESIDENTS  OF  THE  SENATE  PRO 
TEMPORE— Solomon  Foot,1  of  Vermont;  Daniel  Clark,2  of  New  Hampshire.  SECRETARY  OF  THE 
SENATE — John  W.  Forney,  of  Pennsylvania. 

SPEAKER  OF  THE  HOUSE— Schuyler  Colfax,  of  Indiana.  CLERKS  OF  THE  HOUSE— 
Emerson  Etheridge,  of  Tennessee;  Edward  McPherson,3  of  Pennsylvania. 


ALABAMA. 

SENATORS. 

Vacant.  Vacant. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

Vacant. 
ARKANSAS. 

SENATORS. 

Vacant.  Vacant. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

Vacant.4 
CALIFORNIA. 

SENATORS. 

James  A.  McDougall,  San  Francisco.  John  Conness,  Sacramento. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

Cornelius  Cole,  Santa  Cruz.  Thomas  B.  Shannon,  Quincy. 

William  Higby,  Mokelumne  Hill. 

CONNECTICUT. 

SENATORS. 

LaFayette  S.  Foster,  Norwich.  James  Dixon,  Hartford. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

Augustus  Brandegee,  New  London.  James  E.  English,  New  Haven. 

Henry  C.  Deming,  Hartford  John  H.  Hubbard,  Litchfield. 

1  Elected  March  4, 1663  (special  session);  December  18, 1863;         «  James  M.  Johnson,  T.  M.  Jacks,  and  Anthony  A.  C.  Rogers 
February  23,  1864;  March  11,  1864,  and  April  11,  1864.  presented  credentials  as  members-elect.,  but  their  claims  were 

2  Elected    April  26, 1864;  February  9,  1865.  not  finally  disposed  of.    By  resolution  of  March  3,  1865,  each 
a  Elected  December  8, 1863.  was  allowed  the  sum  of  $2,000  for  "compensation,  expenses, 

and  mileage." 

226 


THIRTY-EIGHTH   CONGRESS. 

DELAWARE. 

SENATORS. 

James  A.  Bayard,1  Wilmington.  Willard  Saulsbury,  Georgetown. 

George  R.  Riddle,2  Wilmington. 

REPRESENTATIVE. 

William  Temple,3  Smyrna.  Nathaniel  B.  Smithers,4  Dover. 


227 


Vacan* 


FLORIDA. 

SENATORS. 
REPRESENTATIVES. 

Vacant.       . 


Vacant. 


GEORGIA. 

SENATORS. 

Vacant. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

Vacant. 
ILLINOIS. 

SENATORS. 

Lyman  Trumbul),  Alton. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

James  C.  Allen,  Palestine. 
William  J.  Allen,  Marion. 
Isaac  N.  Arnold,  Chicago. 
John  R.  Eden,  Sullivan. 
John  F.  Farnsworth,  St.  Charles. 
Charles  M.  Harris,  Oquawka. 
Anthony  L.  Knapp,  Jerseyville. 


INDIANA. 


SENATORS. 


Henry  S.  Lane,  Crawfordsville. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 

Schuyler  Coif  ax,  South  Bend. 
James  A.  Cravens,  Hardinsburg. 
Ebenezer  Dumont,  Indianapolis. 
Joseph  K.  Edgerton,  Fort  Wayne. 
Henry  W.  Harrington,  Madison. 
William  S.  Holman,  Aurora. 

IOWA. 


James  Harlan,  Mount  Pleasant. 

William  B.  Allison,  Dubuque. 
Josiah  B.  Grinnell,7  Grinnell. 
Asahel  W.  Hubbard,  Sioux  City. 


SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


KANSAS. 


SENATORS. 


Vacant. 


William  A.  Richardson,  Quincy. 

Owen  Lovejoy,5  Princeton. 
Ebon  C.  Ingersoll,6  Peoria. 
William  R.  Morrison,  Waterloo. 
Jesse  O.  Norton,  Joliet. 
James  C.  Robinson,  Marshall. 
Lewis  W.  Ross,  Lewistown. 
John  T.  Stuart,  Springfield. 
Elihu  B.  Washburne,  Galen.a. 


Thomas  A.  Hendricks,  Indianapolis. 


George  W.  Julian,  Centerville. 
John  Law,  Evansville. 
James  F.  McDowell,  Marion. 
Godlove  S.  Orth,  La  Fayette. 
Daniel  W.  Voorhees,  Terre  Haute. 


James  W.  Grimes,  Burlington. 

John  A.  Kasson,  Des  Moines. 
Hiram  Price,  Davenport. 
James  F.  Wilson,  Fairfield. 


Samuel  C.  Pomeroy,  Atchison.  James  H.  Lane,  Lawrence. 

REPRESENTATIVE. 

A.  Carter  Wilder,  Lawrence. 


1  Resigned  January  29, 1864. 

2  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  James  A. 
Bayard ,  and  took  his  seat  February  2, 1864. 

3  Died  May  28, 1863,  before  the  assembling  of  the  Congress. 

•>  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  the  death  of  William 
Tremple,  and  took  his  seat  December  7,  1863. 


r-  Died  March  25, 1864. 

6  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  death  of  Owen  Lovejoy, 
and  took  his  seat  May  20, 1864. 

7  Election  unsuccessfully  contested  by  Hugh  M.  Martin. 


228  CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 

KENTUCKY. 

SENATORS. 

Lazarus  W.  Powell,  Henderson.  Garrett  Davis,  Paris. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 


Lucien  Anderson,  May  field. 
Brutus  J.  Clay,  Paris. 
Henry  Grider,  Bristol. 
Aaron  Harding,  Greensburg. 
Robert  Mallory,  Lagrange. 


Vacant. 


LOUISIANA. 

SENATORS. 
REPRESENTATIVES. 

Vacant. 2 


William  H.  Randall,  London. 
Green  Clay  Smith,  Covington. 
William  H.  Wadsworth,  Maysville. 
George  H.  Yeaman,1  Owensboro. 


Vacant. 


MAINE. 

SENATORS. 


William  Pitt  Fessenden,3  Portland. 
Nathan  A.  Farwell,4  Rockland. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


Jame  G.  Elaine,  Augusta. 
Sidney  Perham,  Paris. 
Frederick  A.  Pike,  Calais. 


Lot  M.  Morrill,  Augusta. 


John  H.  Rice,  Foxcroft. 
Lorenzo  D.  M.  Sweat,  Portland. 


MARYLAND. 

SENATORS. 

Thomas  H.  Hicks,5  Cambridge.  Reverdy  Johnson,  Baltimore. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 


John  A.  J.  Creswell,  Elkton. 
Henry  Winter  Davis,  Baltimore. 
Benjamin  G.  Harris,  Leonardtown. 


Francis  Thomas,  Frankville. 
Edwin  H.  Webster,6  Bel  Air. 


MASSACHUSETTS. 


Charles  Sumner,  Boston. 

John  B.  Alley,  Lynn. 
Oakes  Ames,  North  Easton. 
John  D.  Baldwin,  Worcester. 
George  S.  Boutwell,  Groton. 
Henry  L.  Dawes,  Pittsfield. 


Zachariah  Chandler,  Detroit. 

Augustus  C.  Baldwin,  Pontiac. 
Fernando  C.  Beaman,  Adrian. 
John  F.  Driggs,  East  Saginaw. 


SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


MICHIGAN. 


SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


Henry  Wilson,  Natick. 

Thomas  D.  Eliot,  New  Bedford. 
Daniel  W.  Gooch,  Melrose. 
Samuel  W.  Hooper,  Boston. 
Alexander  H.  Rice,7  Boston. 
William  B.  Washburn,  Greenfield 


Jacob  M.  Howard,  Detroit. 

Francis  W.  Kellogg,  Grand  Rapidt 
John  W.  Longyear,  Lansing. 
Charles  Upson,  Coldwater. 


i  Election  unsuccessfully  contested  by  John  H.  McHenry ,  jr.          «  Appointed  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  William 
SM.  F.  Bonzano,  A.  P.  Field,  W.  D.  Mann,  T.  M.  Welles,       Pitt  Fessenden,  and  took  his  seat  Decembers,  1864. 


and  Robert  W.  Taliaferro  presented  credentials  as  members- 
elect,  but  their  claims  were  not  finally  disposed  of.  By  reso- 
lution of  March  3,  1865,  each  was  allowed  the  sum  of  $2,000  for 
'compensation,  expenses,  and  mileage." 

3  Resigned  July  1, 1864,  to  become  Secretary  of  the  Treasury 


Died  February  13,  1865. 

6  Resigned  in  February,  1865,  to  become  collector  of  the  port 
of  Baltimore. 

7  Election  unsuccessfully  contested  by  John  S.  Sleeper. 


THIRTY-EIGHTH   CONGEESS. 
MINNESOTA. 

SENATORS. 

Morton  S.  Wilkinson,  Mankato.  Alexander  Ramsey,  St.  Paul. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

Ignatius  Donnelly,  Nininger.  William  Windom,  Winona. 

MISSISSIPPI. 

SENATORS. 


229 


Vacant. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 

Vacant. 


Vacant. 


MISSOURI. 


SENATORS. 


John  B.  Henderson,  Louisiana. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


Francis  P.  Blair,  jr.,2  St.  Louis. 
Samuel  Knox,3  St.  Louis. 
Henry  T.  Blow,  St.  Louis. 
Sempronius  H.  Boyd,  Springfield. 
William  A.  Hall,  Huntsville. 
Austin  A.  King,  Richmond. 


NEVADA.8 


SENATORS. 

William  M.  Stewart,9  Virginia  City. 


Robert  Wilson,  St.  Joseph. 
B.  Gratz  Brown,1  St.  Louis. 


Benjamin  F.  Loan,4  St.  Joseph. 
Joseph  W.  McClurg,5  Linn  Creek. 
James  S.  Rollins,  Columbia. 
John  W.  Noell,6  Perryville. 
John  G.  Scott,7  Irondale. 


James  W.  Nye,10  Carson  City. 

REPRESENTATIVE . 

Henry  G.  Worthington,"  Austin. 
NEW  HAMPSHIRE. 


SENATORS. 


John  P.  Hale,  Dover. 


Daniel  Clark,  Manchester. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 

Daniel  Marcy,  Portsmouth.  Edward  H.  Rollins,  Concord. 

James  W.  Patterson,  Hanover. 


NEW  JERSEY. 


SENATORS. 


John  C.  Ten  Eyck,  Mount  Holly. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


George  Middleton,  Allentown. 
Nehemiah  Perry,  Newark. 
Andrew  J.  Rogers,  Newton. 


William  Wright,  Newark. 


John  F.  Starr,  Camden. 
William  G.  Steele,  Somerville. 


1  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  expulsion  of  Waldo  Por- 
ter Johnson  in  preceding  Congress,  and  took  his  seat  Decem- 
ber 14,  1863,  succeeding  Robert  Wilson,  who  had  been  ap- 
pointed in  the  preceding  Congress  to  fill  such  vacancy. 

2  Served  until  June  10,  1864;  succeeded  by  Samuel  Knox, 
who  contested  his  election. 

3  Successfully  contested  the  election  of  Francis  P.  Blair,  jr., 
and  took  his  seat  June  15, 1864. 

4  Election  unsuccessfully  contested  by  John  P.  Bruce. 

6  Election  unsuccessfully  contested  by  Thomas  L.  Price. 
e  Died  March  14, 1863. 


7  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  the  death  of  John  W. 
Noell,  and  took  his  seat  December  7, 1863;  election  unsuccess- 
fully contested  by  James  Lindsay. 

8  Admitted  as  a  State  into  the  Union  October  31  1864. 

9  Took  his  seat  February  1, 1865;  term  to  expire,  as  deter 
mined  by  lot,  March  3,  1869. 

10  Took  his  seat  February  1, 1865;  term  to  expire,  as  deter- 
mined by  lot,  March  3,  1867. 
J»  Took  his  seat  December  21, 1864. 


230 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 


NEW  YORK. 


SENATORS. 


Ira  Harris,  Albany. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


James  Brooks,  New  York. 
John  W.  Chanler,  New  York. 
Ambrose  W.  Clark,  Watertown. 
Freeman  Clarke,  Rochester. 
Thomas  T.  Davis,  Syracuse. 
Reuben  E.  Fenton,1  Frewsburg. 
Augustus  Frank,  Warsaw. 
John  Ganson,  Buffalo. 
John  A.  Griswold,  Troy. 
Ansorr  Herrick,  New  York. 
Giles  W.  Hotchkiss,  Binghamton. 
Calvin  T.  Hulburd,  Brasher  Falls. 
Martin  Kalbfleisch,  Brooklyn. 
Orlando  Kellogg,  Elizabethtown. 
Francis  Kernan,  Utica. 
De  Witt  C.  Littlejohn,  Oswego. 


Edwin  D.  Morgan,  New  York. 

James  M.  Marvin,  Saratoga  Springn. 
Samuel  F.  Miller,  Franklin. 
Daniel  Morris,  Penn  Yan. 
Homer  A.  Nelson,  Poughkeepsie. 
Moses  F.  Odell,  Brooklyn. 
Theodore  M.  Pomeroy,  Auburn. 
John  V.  L.  Pruyn,2Albany. 
William  Radford,  Yonkers. 
Henry  G.  Stebbins,3  New  Brighton. 
Dwight  Townsend,4  Clifton. 
John  B.  Steele,  Kingston. 
Robert  B.  Van  Valkenburgh,  Bath. 
Elijah  Ward,  New  York. 
Charles  H.  Winfield,  Goshen. 
Benjamin  Wood,  New  York. 
Fernando  Wood,  New  York. 


NORTH  CAROLINA. 

SENATORS. 


Vacant. 


Vacant. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 

Vacant. 
OHIO. 

SENATORS. 


Benjamin  F.  Wade,  Jefferson. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


James  M.  Ashley,  Toledo. 
George  Bliss,  Wooster. 
Samuel  S.  Cox,  Columbus. 
Ephraim  R.  Eckley,  Carrollton. 
William  E.  Finck,  Somerset. 
James  A.  Garfield,  Hiram. 
Wells  A.  Hutchins,  Portsmouth. 
William  Johnson,  Mansfield. 
Francis  C.  Le  Blond,  Celina. 
Alexander  Long,  Cincinnati. 


John  Sherman,  Mansfield. 

John  F.  McKinney,  Piqua. 
James  R.  Morris,  Woodsfield. 
Warren  P.  Noble,  Tiffin. 
John  O'Neill,  Zanesville. 
George  H.  Pendleton,  Cincinnati. 
Robert  C.  Schenck,  Dayton. 
Rufus  P.  Spalding,  Cleveland. 
Chilton  A.  White,  Georgetown. 
Joseph  W.  White,  Cambridge. 


OREGON. 

SENATORS. 

James  W.  Nesmith,  Salem.  Benjamin  F.  Harding,  Salem. 

REPRESENTATIVE. 

John  R.  McBride,  La  Fayette. 
PENNSYLVANIA. 


Edgar  Cowan,  Greensburg. 


SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


Sydenham  E.  Ancona,  Reading. 
Joseph  Baily,  Newport. 
John  M.  Broomall,  Media. 
Alexander  H.  Coffroth,  Somerset. 
John  L.  Dawson,  Brownsville. 


Charles  R.  Buckalew,  Bloomsburg. 


Charles  Dension,  Wilkes-Barre. 
James  T.  Hale,  Bellefonte. 
Philip  Johnson,  Easton. 
William  D.  Kelley,  Philadelphia. 
Jesse  Lazear,  Waynesburg. 


1  Resigned  to  take  effect  December  20,  1864. 

2  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  the  resignatian  of  Erastus 


3  Resigned  October  24,  1864. 

<  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  Henry  G. 


Corning,  prior  to  the  convening  of  the  Congress,  and  took  his      Stebbins,  and  took  his  seat  Decembers,  1864. 
seat  December  7, 1863. 


THIRTY-EIGHTH    CONGRESS. 


231 


Archibald  McAllister,  Springfield  Furnace. 

William  H.  Miller,  Harrisburg. 

James  K.  Moorhead,  Pittsburgh. 

Amos  Myers,  Clarion. 

Leonard  Myers,1  Philadelphia. 

Charles  O'Neill,  Philadelphia. 

SamuelJ.  Randall,  Philadelphia. 


Glenni  W.  Scofield,  Warren. 
Thaddeus  Stevens,  Lancaster. 
JohnD.  Stiles,  Allentown. 
Myer  Strouse,  Pottsville. 
M.  Russell  Thayer,2  Chestnut  Hill. 
Henry  W.  Tracy,  Standing  Stone. 
Thomas  Williams,  Pittsburgh. 


RHODE  ISLAND. 

SENATORS. 

Henry  B.  Anthony,  Providence.  William  Sprague,  Providence. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

Nathan  F.  Dixon,  Westerly.  Thomas  A.  Jenckes,  Providence. 

SOUTH  CAROLINA. 

SENATORS. 


Vacant. 


Vacant. 


Vacant. 


Vacant. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 

Vacant. 
TENNESSEE. 

SENATORS. 
REPRESENTATIVES. 

Vacant. 
TEXAS. 

SENATORS. 
REPRESENTATIVES. 

Vacant. 


Vacant. 


Vacant. 


Solomon  Foot,  Rutland. 


Portus  Baxter,  Derby  Line. 
Justin  S.  Mo'rrill,  Strafford. 


John  S.  Carlile,  Clarksburg. 


VERMONT. 

SENATORS. 
REPRESENTATIVES. 

VIRGINIA. 

SENATORS. 


Jacob  Collamer,  Woodstock. 


Frederick  E.  Woodbridge,  Vergennes. 


Lemuel  J.  Bowden,3  Williamsburg. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 

Vacant.4 
WEST  VIRGINIA.5 

SENATORS. 

Peter  G.  Van  Winkle,6  Parkersburg.  Waitman  T.  Willey,7  Morgantown. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

Jacob  B.  Blair,8  Parkersburg.  Killian  V.  Whaley,8  Point  Pleasant. 

William  G.  Brown,8  Kingwood. 


1  Election  unsuccessfully  contested  by  John  Kline. 

s  Election  unsuccessfully  contested  by  Charles  W.  Carrigan. 

a  Died  January  2,  1864.  On  February  17,  1865,  the  creden- 
tials of  Joseph  Segar,  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  the  death  of 
Lemuel  J.  Bowden,  were  presented  but  were  ordered  to  lie  on 
the  table;  no  further  action  taken.  State  unrepresented  in 
this  class  from  this  date  to  October  20, 1869. 

4  Joseph  E.  Segar,  from  the  first  district;  Lucius  H. 
Chandler,  from  the  second  district,  and  Bethuel  M.  Kitchen, 
from  the  second  district,  presented  credentials.  They  were 
declared  not  entitled  to  seats,  the  first  two  by  resolution  of 
May  17, 1864;  the  last-named  by  resolution  of  April  16,  1864. 


Lewis  McKenzie  also  claimed  to  have  been  elected  from  the 
seventh  district,  and  was  declared  not  entitled  to  the  seat  by 
resolution  of  February  26,  1864.  The  first  three  claimants 
were- subsequently  allowed  mileage  and  pay  to  the  dates  of 
the  adoption  of  the  resolutions. 

6  Set  off  from  the  State  of  Virginia  and  admitted  into  the 
Union  December  31,  1862. 

6  Took  his  seat  December  7, 1863;  term  to  expire,  as  deter- 
mined by  lot,  March  3,  1869. 

7  Took  his  seat  December  7, 1863;  term  to  expire,  as  deter- 
mined by  lot,  March  3,  1865. 

8  Took  his  seat  December  7,  1863. 


232  CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 

WISCONSIN. 

SENATORS. 

Jaines  R.  Doolittle,  Racine.  Timothy  O.  Howe,  Green  Bay. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

James  S.  Brown,  Milwaukee.  Walter  D.  Mclndoe,  Warsaw. 

Amasa  Cobb,  Mineral  Point.  Ithamar  C.  Sloan,  Janesville. 

Charles  A.  Eldridge,  Fond  du  Lac.  Ezra  Wheeler,  Berlin. 

TERRITORY  OF  ARIZONA.1 

DELEGATE. 

Charles  D.  Poston,  Tubac. 
TERRITORY  OF  COLORADO. 

DELEGATE. 

Hiram  P.  Bennett,  Denver. 
TERRITORY  OF  DAKOTA. 

DELEGATES. 

William  Jayne,2  Yankton.  John  B.  S.  Todd,3  Yankton. 

TERRITORY  OF  IDAHO.4 

DELEGATE. 

William  H.  Wallace,  Lewiston. 
TERRITORY  OF  MONTANA.8 

DELEGATE. 

Samuel  McLean,6  Bannack  City. 
TERRITORY  OF  NEBRASKA. 

DELEGATE. 

Samuel  G.  Daily,  Peru. 
TERRITORY  OF  NEVADA.7 

DELEGATES. 

Henry  G.  Worthington,8  Austin.  Gordon  N.  Mott,9  Carson  City. 

TERRITORY  OF  NEW  MEXICO. 

DELEGATE. 

Francisco  Perea,10  Bernalillo. 
TERRITORY  OF  UTAH. 

DELEGATE. 

John  F.  Kinney,  Salt  Lake  City. 
TERRITORY  OF  WASHINGTON. 

DELEGATE. 

George  E.  Cole,  Walla  Walla. 

1  Formed  from  territory  ceded  to  the  United  States  by  5  Formed  from  a  portion  of  the  territory  ceded  to  the 
Mexico,  part  by  the  treaty  of  Guadalupe  Hidalgo  of  February  United  States  by  France  by  treaty  of  April  30,  1803;  granted 
2,  1848, -and  part  by  what  is  known  as  the  "  Gadsden  Pur-  territorial  government,  and  right  to  Delegate  representation 
chase,"  in  1852;  erected  into  a  territorial  government,  and  right  In  Congress,  by  act  of  May  26,  1864. 

to  Delegate  representation  in  Congress  granted,  by  act  of  Feb-  8  Took  his  seat  January  6, 1865. 

ruary  24, 1863.  7  Erected  into  a  state  October  31, 1864. 

2  Served  until  June  17, 1864;  succeeded  by  John  B.  S.  Todd,  8  Resigned  December  21,  1864,  and  took  his  seat  as  the 
who  contested  his  election.  first  Representative  from  the  new  state  of  Nevada  the  same 

s  Successfully  contested  the  election  of  William  Jayne,  and  day. 
took  his  seat  June  17, 1864.  9  Took  his  seat  January  11, 1864,  and  served  until  October 

<  Formed  from  a  portion  of  the  territory  ceded  to  the  31, 1864,  when  the  territory  was  elevated  to  statehood. 
United  States  by  France  by  treaty  of  April  30,  1803;  granted  1°  Election  unsuccessfully  contested  by  Jose  M.  Gallegos. 

territorial  government,  and  right  to  Delegate  representation 
in  Congress,  by  act  of  March  3,  1863. 


THIRTY-NINTH  CONGRESS. 


MARCH  4,  1865,  TO  MARCH  3,  1867 


FIRST  SESSION— December  4,  1865,  to  July  28,  1866.  SECOND  SESSION— December  3, 
1866,  to  March  3,  1867.  SPECIAL  SESSION  OF  THE  SENATE— March  4,  1865,  to 
March  11,  1865. 


VICE  PRESIDENT— Andrew  Johnson,1  of  Tennessee.  PEESIDENTS  OF  THE  SENATE  PRO 
TEMPORE— Lafayette  S.  Foster,2  of  Connecticut;  Benjamin  F.  Wade,3  of  Ohio.  SECRETARY  OF 
THE  SENATE — John  W.  Forney,  of  Pennsylvania. 

SPEAKER  OF  THE  HOUSE— Schuyler  Colfax,  of  Indiana.  CLERK  OF  THE  HOUSE— 
Edward  McPherson,  of  Pennsylvania. 


ALABAMA. 

SENATORS. 

Vacant.  Vacant. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

Vacant. 
ARKANSAS. 

SENATORS. 

Vacant.  Vacant. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

Vacant. 
CALIFORNIA. 

SENATORS. 

James  A.  McDougall,  San  Francisco.  John  Conness,  Sacramento. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

Donald  C.  McRuer,  San  Francisco.  William  Higby,  Calaveras. 

John  Bidwell,  Chico. 

CONNECTICUT. 

SENATORS. 

Lafayette  S.  Foster,  Norwich.  James  Dixon,  Hartford. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

Henry  G.  Deming,  Hartford.  Augustus  Brandegee,  New  London. 

Samuel  L.  Warner,  Middletown  John  H.  Hubbard,  Litchfield. 

1  Vice  President  Andrew  Johnson  became  President  on  the     serve  in  the  absence  of  the  Vice  President,"  and  did  serve  un- 
death  of  Abraham  Lincoln,  April  15,  1865.  til  March  2,  1867, 

2  Elected  March  7, 1865  (special  session  of  the  Senate),  "  to        »  Elected  March  2, 1867. 

233 


234  CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 

DELAWARE. 

SENATORS. 

Willard  Saulsbury,  Georgetown.  George  R.  Riddle,  Wilmington. 

REPRESENTATIVE.' 

John  A.  Nicholson,  Dover. 


Vacant. 


Vacant. 


FLORIDA. 

SENATORS. 
REPRESENTATIVE. 

Vacant. 
GEORGIA. 

SENATORS. 
REPRESENTATIVES. 

Vacant. 


Vacant. 


Vacant. 


Lyman  Trumbull,  Chicago. 


ILLINOIS. 

SENATORS. 
REPRESENTATIVES. 


John  Wentworth,  Chicago. 

John  F.  Farnsworth,  St.  Charles. 

Elihu  B.  Washburne,  Galena. 

Abner  C.  Harding,  Monmouth. 

Ebon  C.  Ingersoll,  Peoria. 

Burton  C.  Cook,  Ottawa. 

Henry  P.  H.  Bromwell,  Charleston. 


Henry  S.  Lane,  Crawfordsville. 


INDIANA. 

SENATORS. 
REPRESENTATIVES. 


William  E.  Niblack,  Vincennes. 
Michael  C.  Kerr,  New  Albany. 
Ralph  Hill,  Columbus. 
John  H.  Farquhar,  Brookville. 
George  W.  Julian,  Centreville. 
Ebenezer  Dumont,  Indianapolis. 


James  Harlan,3  Mount  Pleasant. 
Samuel  J.  Kirkwood,4  Iowa  City. 


IOWA. 


SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


James  F.  Wilson,  Fairfield. 
Hiram  Price,  Davenport. 
William  B.  Allison,  Dubuque. 


Richard  Yates,  Jacksonville. 

Shelby  M.  Cullom,  Springfield. 
Lewis  W.  Ross,  Lewistown. 
Anthony  Thornton,  Shelby ville. 
Samuel  S.  Marshall,  McLeansboro. 
Jehu  Baker,  Belleville, 
Andrew  J.  Kuykendall,  Vienna. 
Samuel  W.  Moulton,  Shelbyville. 


Thomas  A.  Hendricks,  Indianapolis. 


Daniel  W.  Voorhees,1  Terre  Haute. 
Henry  D.  Washburn,2  Clinton. 
Godlove  S.  Orth,  La  Fayette. 
Schuyler  Colfax,  South  Bend. 
Joseph  H.  Defrees,  Goshen. 
Thomas  N.  Stillwell,  Anderson. 


James  W.  Grimes,  Burlington. 


Josiah  B.  Grinnell,  Grinnell. 
John  A.  Kasson,  Des  Moines. 
Asahel  W.  Hubbard,  Sioux  City. 


1  Served  until  February  23,  1866;  succeeded  by  Henry  D. 
Washburn,  who  contested  his  election. 

2  Successfully  contested  the  election  of  Daniel  W.  Voorhees, 
and  took  his  seat  February  23, 1866. 


3  Resigned  May  15,  1865,  having  been  appointed  Secretary  of 
the  Interior. 

<  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  James  Har- 
lan, and  took  his  seat  January  24, 1866. 


THIBTY-NINTH   CONGRESS. 
KANSAS. 

SENATORS. 


235 


Samuel  C.  Pomeroy,  Atchison. 


James  H.  Lane,1  Lawrence. 
Edmund  G.  Roes,2  Lawrence. 


REPRESENTATIVE . 


Sidney  Clarke,  Lawrence. 


Garrett  Davis,  Paris. 


KENTUCKY. 

SENATORS. 
REPRESENTATIVES. 


Lawrence  S.  Trimble,  Paducah. 
Burwell  C.  Ritter,  Hppkinsville. 
Henry  Grider,3  Bowling  Green. 
Elijah  Hise,4  Russellville. 
Aaron  Harding,  Greensburg. 
Lovell  H.  Rousseau,5  Louisville. 


Vacant. 


LOUISIANA. 

SENATORS. 
REPRESENTATIVES. 

Vacant. 


James  Guthrie,  Louisville. 


Green  C.  Smith,6  Covington. 
Andrew  H.  Ward,7  Cynthiana. 
George  S.  Shanklin,  Nicholasville. 
Samuel  McKee,  Mount  Sterling. 
William  H.  Randall,  London. 


Vacant. 


Lot  M.  Morrill,  Augusta. 

John  Lynch,-  Portland. 
Sidney  Perham,  Paris. 
James  G.  Elaine,  Augusta. 


Reverdy  Johnson,  Baltimore. 


MAINE. 

SENATORS. 
REPRESENTATIVES. 


MARYLAND. 

SENATORS. 
REPRESENTATIVES. 


Hiram  McCullough,  Elkton. 
John  L.  Thomas,  jr.,  Baltimore. 
Charles  E.  Phelps,  Baltimore. 


William  Pitt  Fessenden,  Portland. 

John  H.  Rice,  Foxcroft. 
Frederick  A.  Pike,  Calais. 


John  A.  J.  Creswell,8  Elkton. 


Francis  Thomas,  Frankville. 
Benjamin  G.  Harris,  Leonardtown. 


MASSACHUSETTS. 


Charles  Sumner,  Boston. 


SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


Thomas  D.  Eliot,  New  Bedford. 
Oakes  Ames,  North  Easton. 
Alexander  H.  Rice,  Boston. 
Samuel  W.  Hooper,  Boston. 
John  B.  Alley,  Lynn. 


Henry  Wilson,  Natick. 

Daniel  W.  Gooch,9  Melrose. 
Nathaniel  P.  Banks,10  Waltham. 
George  S.  Boutwell,  Groton. 
John  D.  Baldwin,  Worcester. 
William  B.  Washburn,  Greenfield. 
Henry  L.  Dawes,  Pittsfield. 


1  Died  July  11,  1866. 

*  Appointed  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  death  of  James  H. 
Lane,  and  took  his  seat  July  25,  1866;  subsequently  elected. 

3  Died  September  14, 1866. 

«  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  death  of  Henry  Grider, 
and  took  his  seat  December  3,  1866. 

*  Resigned  July  21,  1866;  subsequently  reelected,  and  took 
his  scat  December  3, 1866. 

<>  Resigned  ia  1866. 


'  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  Green  Clay 
Smith,  and  took  his  seat  December  3,  1866. 

8  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  death  of  Thomas  H .  Hicks, 
in  preceding  Congress,  and  took  his  seat  December  4,  1865. 

9  Resigned  September  1,  1865,  before  the  convening  of  the 
Congress. 

10  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  occasioned  by  resignation  of  Daniel 
W.  Goocn,  and  took  his  seat  December  4, 1865. 


236 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 


Zachariah  Chandler,  Detroit. 


MICHIGAN. 


SENATORS. 


Jacob  M.  Howard,  Detroit. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 

Fernando  C.  Beaman,  Adrian.  Thomas  W.  Ferry,  Grand  Haven. 

Charles  Upson,  Coldwater.  Rowland  E.  Trowbridge,1  Birmingham 

John  W.  Longyear,  Lansing.  John  F.  Driggs,  East  Saginaw. 

MINNESOTA. 


Alexander  Ramsey,  St.  Paul. 


SENATORS. 


Daniel  S.  Norton,  Winona. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 

William  Windom,  Winona.  Ignatius  Donnelly,  Hastings. 

MISSISSIPPI. 


Vacant. 


John  B.  Henderson,  Louisiana. 


SENATORS. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 
Vacant. 

MISSOURI. 

SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


John  Hogan,  St.  Louis. 
Henry  T.  Blow,  St.  Louis. 
Thomas  E.  Noell,  Perryville. 
John  R.  Kelso,2  Springfield. 
Joseph  W.  McClurg,  Linn  Creek. 


Vacant. 


B.  Gratz  Brown,  St.  Louis. 

Robert  T.  Van  Horn,  Kansas  City. 
Benjamin  F.  Loan,  St.  Joseph. 
John  F.  Benjamin,  Shelbyville. 
George  W.  Anderson,  Louisiana. 


Vacant. 


NEBRASKA. 


SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVE . 

Turner  M.  Marquett,4  Plattsmouth. 
NEVADA. 

SENATORS. 

William  M.  Stewart,  Virginia  City.  James  W.  Nye,  Carson  City. 

REPRESENTATIVE. 

Delos  R.  Ashley,  Virginia  City. 
NEW  HAMPSHIRE. 


Daniel  Clark,5  Manchester. 
George  G.  Fogg,6  Concord. 

Gilman  Marston,  Exeter. 
Edward  H.  Rollins,  Concord. 


SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


NEW  JERSEY. 


SENATORS. 


William  Wright,7  Newark. 

Frederick  T.  Frelinghuysen,8  Newark. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


John  F.  Starr,  Camden. 
William  A.  Newell,  Allentown. 
Charles  Sitgreaves,  Phillipsburg. 


Aaron  H.  Cragin,  Lebanon. 


James  W.  Patterson,  Hanover. 


John  P.  Stockton,9  Trenton. 
Alexander  G.  Cattell,10  Camden. 


Andrew  J.  Rogers,  Newton. 
Edwin  R.  V.  Wright,  Hudson  City. 


1  Election  unsuccessfully  contested  by  Augustus  C.  Baldwin. 

2  Election  unsuccessfully  contested  by  S.  H.  Boyd. 

3  Admitted  as  a  state  into  the  Union,  March  1, 18C7. 
«  Took  his  seat  March  2, 1867. 

6  Resigned  July  27>  1866. 

6  Appointed  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  Daniel 
Clark,  and  took  his  seat  December  3, 1866. 
'  Died  November  1, 1866. 
« Appointed  to  fill  vacancy  caused   by  deatli  of  William 


Wright,  and  took  his  seat  December  3,  1866;  subsequently 
elected. 

9  Presented  credentials  and  qualified  December  4, 1865;  pro- 
test of  members  of  New  Jersey  Legislature  against  his  admis- 
sion filed  the  same  day;  served  until  March  27, 1866,  when  the 
seat  was  declared  vacant. 

10  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  the  Senate  declaring  the 
seat  of  John  P.  Stockton  vacant,  and  took  his  seat  December 
3,1866. 


THIRTY-NINTH   CONGRESS. 


237 


NEW  YORK. 


SENATORS. 

Ira  Harris,  Albany. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

Stephen  Taber,  Roslyn. 
Teunis  G.  Bergen,  New  Utrecht. 
James  Humphrey,1  Brooklyn. 
John  W.  Hunter,2  Brooklyn. 
Morgan  Jones,  New  York. 
Nelson  Taylor,  New  York. 
Henry  J.  Raymond,  New  York. 
John  W.  Chanler,  New  York. 
James  Brooks,3  New  York  . 
William  E.  Dodge,4  New  York. 
William  A.  Darling,  New  York. 
William  Radfprd,  Yonkers. 
Charles  H.  Winfield,  Goshen. 
John  H.  Ketcham,  Dover. 
Edwin  N.  Hubbell,  Coxsackie. 
Charles  Goodyear,  Schoharie. 
John  A.  Griswold,  Troy. 


Edwin  D.  Morgan,  New  York. 

Robert  S.  Hale,  Elizabethtown. 
Orlando  Kellogg,5  Elizabethtown. 
Calvin  T.  Hulburd,  Brasher  Falls. 
James  M.  Marvin,  Saratoga  Springs. 
Demas  Hubbard,  jr.,  Smyrna. 
Addison  H.  Laflin,  Herkimer. 
Roscoe  Conkling,  Utica. 
Sidney  T.  Holmes,  Morrisville. 
Thomas  T.  Davis,  Syracuse. 
Theodore  M.  Pomeroy,  Auburn. 
Daniel  Morris,  Penn  Yan. 
Giles  W.  Hotchkiss,  Binghamton. 
Hamilton  Ward,  Belmont. 
Roswell  Hart,  Rochester. 
Burt  Van  Horn,  Newfane. 
James  M.  Humphrey,  Buffalo. 
Henry  Van  Aernam,  Franklinville. 


Vacant. 


NORTH  CAROLINA. 

SENATORS. 
REPRESENTATIVES. 

Vacant. 
OHIO. 


Vacant. 


Benjamin  F.  Wade,  Jefferson. 


SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


Benjamin  Eggleston,  Cincinnati. 
Rutherford  B.  Hayes,  Cincinnati. 
Robert  C.  Schenck*,  Dayton. 
William  Lawrence,  Bellefontaine. 
Francis  C.  Le  Blond,  Celina. 
Reader  W.  Clarke,  Batavia. 
Samuel  Shellabarger,  Springfield. 
James  R.  Hubbell,  Delaware. 
Ralph  P.  Buckland,  Fremont. 
James  M.  Ashley,  Toledo. 


OREGON. 


John  Sherman,  Mansfield. 


Hezekiah  S.  Bundy,  Reeds  Mill. 
William.  E.  Finck,  Somerset. 
Columbus  Delano,6  Mount  Vernon. 
Martin  Welker,  Wooster. 
Tobias  A.  Plants,  Pomeroy. 
John  A.  Bingham,  Cadiz. 
Ephriam  R.  Eckley,  Carrollton. 
Rufus  P.  Spalding,  Cleveland. 
James  A  Garfield,  Hiram. 


SENATORS. 
James  W.  Nesmith,  Salem.  George  H.  Williams,  Portland. 

REPRESENTATIVE. 

John  II.  D.  Henderson,  Eugene  City. 
PENNSYLVANIA. 


Edgar  Cowan,  Greensburg. 


SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


Samuel  J.  Randall,  Philadelphia. 
Charles  O'Neill,  Philadelphia. 
Leonard  Myers,  Philadelphia. 
William  D.  Kelley,  Philadelphia. 


1  Died  June  16,  1866. 

s  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  death  of  James  Hum 
phrey,  and  took  his  seat  December  4,  1860. 


Charles  R.  Buckalew,  Bloomsburg. 


M.  Russell  Thayer,  Chestnut  Hill. 
Benjamin  M.  Boyer,  Norristown. 
John  M.  Broomall,  Media. 
Sydenham  E.  Ancona,  Reading. 

«  Successfully  contested  the  election  of  James  Brooks,  and 
took  his  seat  April  7,  1866. 
5  Died  Augusl  24,  1866. 


3  Served  until  April  7, 1866;  succeeded  by  William  E.  Dodge,         •  Election  unsuccessfully  contested  by  Charles  Follett. 
who  contested  his  election. 


238  CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 

Thaddeus  Stevens,  Lancaster.  Abraham  A.  Barker,  Edenburg. 

Myer  Strouse,  Pottsville.  Stephen  F.  Wilson,  Wellsboro. 

Philip  Johnson,1  Easton.  Glenni  W.  Scofield,  Warren. 

Charles  Dennison,  Wilkes-Barre.  Charles  V.  Culver,  Franklin. 

Ulysses  Mercur,  Towanda.  John  L.  Dawson,4  Brownsville. 

George  F.  Miller,  Lewisburg.  James  K.  Moprhead,  Pittsburgh. 

Adam  J.  Glossbrenner,  York.  Thomas  Williams,  Pittsburgh. 

Alexander  H.  Coffroth,2  Somerset.  George  V.  Lawrence,  Monongahela  City. 
William  H.  Koontz,3  Somerset. 

RHODE  ISLAND. 

SENATORS. 

Henry  B.  Anthony,  Providence.  William  Sprague,  Providence. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

Thomas  A.  Jenckes,  Providence.  Nathan  F.  Dixon,  Westerly. 

SOUTH  CAROLINA. 

SENATORS. 

Vacant.  Vacant. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

Vacant. 
TENNESSEE.5 

SENATOBS. 

Joseph  S.  Fowler,6  Nashville.  David  T.  Patterson,7  Greeneville. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

Nathaniel  G.  Taylor,8  Happy  Valley.  William  B.  Campbell,10  Lebanon. 

Horace  Maynard,8  Knoxville.  Samuel  M.  Arnell,10  Columbia. 

William  B.  Stokes,8  Liberty.  Isaac  R.  Hawkins,8  Huntingdon. 

Edmund  Cooper,9  Shelbyville.  John  W.  Leftwich,9  Memphis. 

TEXAS. 

SENATORS. 

Vacant.  Vacant. 

RREPRESENTATIVES. 

Vacant. 
VERMONT. 

SENATORS. 

Solomon  Foot,11  Rutland.  Jacob  Collamer.13 

George  F.  Edmunds,12  Burlington.  Luke  P.  Poland,14  St.  Johnsbury. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

Frederick  E.  Woodbridge,  Vergennes.  Portus  Baxter,  Derby  Line. 

Justin  S.  Morrill,  Strafford. 

VIRGINIA. 

SENATORS. 

Vacant.  Vacant. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

Vacant. 

•  Died  January  29,  1867.  8  Took  his  seat  July  24, 1866. 
»  Took  his  seat  February  19, 1866;  served  until  July  18, 1866;  9  Took  his  seat  July  25,  1866. 

succeeded  by  William  H.  Koontz  who  contested  his  election.  I0  Took  his  seat  December  3, 1866;  election  unsuccessfully  con- 

3  Successfully  contested  the  election  of  Alexander  H.  Coff-  tested  by  Dorsey  B.  Thomas, 

roth,  and  took  his  seat  July  18,  1866.  »  Died  March  28,  1866. 

«  Election  unsuccessfully  contested  by  Smith  Fuller.  l2  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  death  of  Solomon  Foot, 

<•  Readmitted  to  representation  by  joint  resolution  of  July  and  took  his  seat  December  3,  I860. 

24, 1866.  13  Died  November  8,  1865. 

«  Took  his  seat  July  25, 1866;  term  to  expire  March  3,  1871.  "Appointed  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  death  of  Jacob  Colla- 

*  Took  his  seat  July  28,  1866;  term  to  expire  March  3,  1869.  mer,  and  took  his  seat  December  4,  1865. 


THIRTY-NINTH    CONGEESS.  239 

WEST  VIRGINIA. 

SENATORS. 

Waitman  T.  Willey,  Morgantown.  Peter  G.  Van  Winkle,  Parkersburg. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

Chester  D.  Hubbard,  Wheeling.  Killian  V.  Whaley,  Point  Pleasant. 

George  R.  Latham,  Grafton. 

WISCONSIN. 

SENATORS. 

James  R.  Doolittle,  Racine.  Timothy  O.  Howe,  Green  Bay. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

Halbert  E.  Paine,  Milwaukee.  Charles  A.  Eldridge,  Fond  du  Lac. 

Ithamar  C.  Sloan,  Janesville.  Philetus  Sawyer,  Oshkosh. 

Amasa  Cobb,  Mineral  Point.  Walter  D.  Mclndoe,  Warsaw. 

TERRITORY  OF  ARIZONA. 

DELEGATE. 

John  N.  Goodwin,  Prescott. 
TERRITORY  OF  COLORADO 

DELEGATE. 

Allen  A.  Bradford,  Denver. 
TERRITORY  OF  DAKOTA 

DELEGATE. 

Walter  A.  Burleigh,  Yankton. 
TERRITORY  OF  IDAHO. 

DELEGATE. 

E.  D.  Holbrook,  Idaho  City. 
TERRITORY  OF  MONTANA 

DELEGATE. 

Samuel  McLean,  Bannack  City. 
TERRITORY  OF  NEBRASKA.1 

DELEGATE. 

Phineas  W.  Hitchcock,  Omaha. 
TERRITORY  OF  NEW  MEXICO. 

DELEGATE. 

J.  Francisco  Chaves,  Santa  Fe". 
TERRITORY  OF  UTAH. 

DELEGATE. 

William  H.  Hooper,  Salt  Lake  City. 
TERRITORY  OF  WASHINGTON. 

DELEGATE. 

Arthur  A.  Denny,  Seattle. 
1  Became  a  State  March  1, 1867. 


FORTIETH  CONGRESS. 


MARCH  4,  1867,  TO  MARCH  3,  1869. 


FIRST  SESSION— March  4, 1867,  to  March  30, 1867;  July  3, 1867,  to  July  20, 1867;  Novem- 
ber 21,  1867,  to  December  2,  1867.  SECOND  SESSION— December  2,  1867,  to  July  27, 
1868;  September  21,  1868,  for  one  day  only;  October  16,  1868,  for  one  day  only; 
November  10, 1868,  for  one  day  only.  THIRD  SESSION— December  7, 1868,  to  March  3 
1869.  SPECIAL  SESSION  OF  THE  SENATE— April  1,  1867,  to  April  20,  1867. 


VICE  PRESIDENT  ' .  PRESIDENT  OF  THE  SENATE  PRO  TEMPORE— Benjamin 

F.  Wade,  of  Ohio.  SECRETARIES  OF  THE  SENATE — John  W.  Forney,  of  Pennsylvania;  George 
C.  Gorham,2  of  California. 

SPEAKERS  OF  THE  HOUSE — Schuyler  Colfax,  of  Indiana;  Theodore  M.  Pomeroy,3  of  New 
York.  CLERK  OF  THE  HOUSE — Edward  McPherson,  of  Pennsylvania. 


ALABAMA. 


SENATORS. 


George  E.  Spencer,5  Decatur. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


Francis  W.  Kellogg,7  Mobile. 
Charles  W.  Buckley,8  Montgomery. 
Benjamin  W.  Norris,8  Elmore. 


ARKANSAS.9 


Willard  Warner,6  Montgomery. 


Charles  W.  Pierce,8  Demopolis. 
John  B.  Callis,8  Huntsville. 
Thomas  Haughey,8  Decatur. 


SENATORS. 

Alexander  McDonald,10  Little  Rock.  Benjamin  F.  Rice,"  Little  Rock. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 


Logan  H.  Roots, 12  Devall  Bluff. 
James  Hinds, 13  Little  Rock. 


James  T.  Elliott,14  Camden. 
Thomas  Boles,12  Dardanelle. 


CALIFORNIA. 


SENATORS. 

John  Conness,  Georgetown.  Cornelius  Cole,  San  Francisco. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 


Samuel  B.  Axtell,15  San  Francisco. 
William  Higby,15  Calaveras. 


James  A.  Johnson,15  Downieville. 


1  Vice  President  Andrew  Johnson    became    President   i 
preceding  Congress  on  the  death  of  Abraham  Lincoln. 

2  Elected  June  4,  1868. 

s  Elected  March  3.  1869. 

4  Readmitted  to  representation  July  13, 1868. 

s  Took  his  seat  July  25,  1868;  term  to  expire  March  3,  1873. 

e  Took  his  seat  July  25, 1868;  term  to  expire  March  3, 1871. 

'  Took  his  seat  July  22,  1868. 

s  Took  his  seat  July  21, 1868. 

240 


»  Readmitted  to  representation  by  passage  of  bill  in  both 
houses  over  the  veto  of  President  Johnson,  June  22,  1808. 

">  Took  his  seat  June  23, 1868;  term  to  expire  March  3,  1871. 

11  Took  his  seat  June  23, 1868;  term  to  expire  March  3,  1873. 

»  Took  his  seat  June  24,  1868. 

is  Took  his  seat  June  24,  1868;  died  October  22,  1868. 

14  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  death  of  James  Hinds, 
and  took  his  seat  January  13, 1869. 

u  Took  his  seat  November  21, 1867. 


FORTIETH   CONGRESS. 
CONNECTICUT. 


241 


Jamea  Dixon,  Hartford. 


Richard  D.  Hubbard,  Hartford. 
Julius  Hotchkiss,  Middletown. 


SENATORS. 
REPRESENTATIVES. 

DELAWARE. 

SENATORS. 


George  R.  Riddle,1  Wilmington. 
James  A.  Bayard,2  Wilmington. 


Orris  S.  Ferry,  Norwalk. 


Henry  H.  Starkweather,  Norwich. 
William  H.  Barnum,  Lime  Rock. 


Willard  Saulsbury,  Georgetown. 


REPRESENTATIVE. 

John  A.  Nicholson,  Dover. 
FLORIDA.3 

SENATORS. 

Thomas  W.  Osborn,4  Pensacola.  Adonijah  S.  Welch,5  Jacksonville. 

REPRESENTATIVE. 

Charles  M.  Hamilton,9  Marianna. 


Vacant. 


Joseph  W.  Clift,9  Savannah. 
Nelson  Tift,9  Albany. 
William  P.  Edwards,9  Butler. 


GEORGIA.7 

SENATORS.8 
REPRESENTATIVES. 


Vacant. 


Samuel  F.  Goye,9  Griswoldville. 
Charles  H.  Prince,9  Augusta. 
Pierce  M.  B.  Young,9  Cartersville. 


Lyman  Trumbull,  Chicago. 


ILLINOIS. 


SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


Norman  B.  Judd,  Chicago. 

John  F.  Farnsworth,  St.  Charles. 

Elihu  B.  Washburne,  Galena. 

Abner  C.  Harding,  Monmouth. 

Ebon  C.  Ingersoll,  Peoria. 

Burton  C.  Cook,  Ottawa. 

Henry  P.  H.  Bromwell,  Charleston. 


Richard  Yates,  Jacksonville. 


Shelby  M.  Cullom,  Springfield. 
Lewis  W.  Ross,  Lewiston. 
Albert  G.  Burr,  Winchester. 
Samuel  S.  Marshall,  McLeansboro. 
Jehu  Baker,  Belleville. 
Green  B.  Raum,  Harrisburg. 
John  A.  Logan,  Carbondale. 


i Died  March  27,  1867. 

'Appointed  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  death  of  George  R. 
Riddle,  and  took  his  seat  April  11,  1807;  subsequently  elected. 

3  Readmitted  to  representation  June  25, 1868. 

<  Took  his  seat  June  30, 1868;  term  to  expire  March  3,  1873. 

6  Took  his  seat  July  2  1868;  term  to  expire  March  3,  1869. 

•  Took  his  seat  July  1, 1868.  .' ; 

i  Although  Georgia  did  not  comply  with  the  requirements 
of  the  act  of  June  25,  1868,  permitting  her  ^representation  in 
Congress,  and  was  not  readmitted  until  July  15,  1870  (in  the 
succeeding  Congress)  her  Representatives  were  given  seats  as 
indicated. 

50346°— S.  Doc.  654,  61-2 16 


8  On  December  7, 1868,  the  credentials  of  Joshua  Hill,  elected 
by  the  legislature  to  fill  vacancy  in  the  term  beginning  March 
4, 1867,  were  presented  and  referred  to  the  Committee  on  the 
Judiciary;  on  January  11, 1869,  the  credentials  of  Homer  V.  M. 
Miller,  elected  in  the  same  manner,  for  the  term  beginning 
March  4, 1865,  were  presented  and  were  similarily  referred;  on 
January  25, 1869,  the  committee  reported  that  the  State  of 
Georgia  had  not  complied  with  the  conditions  of  an  act  pro- 
viding for  her  admission  to  representation,  and  that  Mr.  Hill 
"ought  not  now  to  be  admitted;"  February  17,  1869,  the  com- 
mittee reported  against  admitting  Mr.  Miller  to  his  seat,  and 
the  cases  remained  undisposed  of. 

s  Took  his  seat  July  25, 1868. 


242  CONGRESSIONAL   DIRECTORY. 

INDIANA. 

SENATORS. 

Thomas  A.  Hendricks,  Indianapolis. 


Oliver  P.  Morton,  Indianapolis. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


William  E.  Niblack,  Vincennes. 
Michael  C.  Kerr,  New  Albany. 
Morton  C.  Hunter,  Bloomington. 
William  S.  Holman,  Aurora. 
George  W.  Julian,  Centeryille. 
John  Coburn,  Indianapolis. 


Henry  D.  Washburn,  Clinton. 
Godlove  S.  Orth,  La  Fayette. 
Schuyler  Colfax,  South  Bend. 
William  Williams,  Warsaw. 
John  P.  C.  Shanks,  Jay  Court  House. 


IOWA. 

SENATORS. 

James  W.  Grimes,  Burlington.  James  Harlan,  Mount  Pleasant. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 


James  F.  Wilson,  Fairfield. 
Hiram  Price,  Davenport. 
William  B.  Allison,  Dubuque. 


William  Loughridge,  Oskaloosa. 
Grenville  M.  Dodge,  Council  Bluffs. 
Asahel  W.  Hubbard,  Sioux  City. 


KANSAS. 

SENATORS. 


Samuel  C.  Pomeroy,  Atchison. 


Edmund  G.  Ross,  Lawrence. 


REPRESENTATIVE. 

Sidney  Clarke,  Lawrence. 


Garrett  Davis,  Paris. 


KENTUCKY. 

SENATORS. 
REPRESENTATIVES. 


Lawrence  S.  Trimble,3  Paducah. 
Elijah  Hise,4  Russellville. 
Jacob  S.  Golladay,5  Allensville. 
J.  Proctor  Knott,6  Lebanon. 
Asa  P.  Grover,6  Louisville. 


John  S.  Harris,11  Vidalia. 


LOUISIANA.1 


SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


J.  Hale  Sypher,13  New  Orleans. 
James  Mann,14  New  Orleans. 
Joseph  P.  Newsham,13  Francesville. 


James  Guthrie,1  Louisville. 
Thomas  C.  McCreery,2  Owensboro. 


Thomas  L.  Jones,7  Newport. 
James  B.  Beck,6  Lexington. 
George  M.  Adams,8  Barbourville. 
Samuel  McKee,9  Mount  Sterling. 


William  Pitt  Kellogg,12  New  Orleans. 


Michel  Vidal,13  Opelousas. 

W.  Jasper  Blackburn,13  Homer. 


»  Resigned  February  7,  1868. 

2  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  James 
Guthrie,  and  took  his  seat  February  28,  1868. 

3  Election  unsuccessfully  contested  by  G.  G.  Symmes;  took 
his  seat  January  10,  1868. 

<  Died  May  8,  1867. 

*  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  death  of  Elijah  Hise; 
election  unsuccessfully  contested  by(3eorge  D.  Blakey;  took 
his  seat  December  5,  1867. 

e  Protests  were  presented  against  the  seating  of  all  members- 
elect  from  Kentucky  on  the  grountl  they  had  been  guilty  of 
acts  of  disloyalty;  pending  an  ordered  investigation,  the 
members  were  not  sworn;  a  subcommittee  visited  Kentucky 
and  reported  the  charg,  s  against  him  as  unsustained,  and  rec- 
ommended that  he  be  seated;  qualified  and  took  his  seat 
December  3,  1867. 


'  Charges  of  disloyalty  preferred  against  him  unsustained; 
took  his  seat  December  4,  1867. 

s  Took  his  seat  July  8,  1867. 

8  Successfully  contested  the  election  of  John  D.  Young,  who 
was  not  permitted  to  qualify,  and  took  his  seat  June  22,  1868. 

» Readmitted  to  representation  July  9,  1868. 

1  Took  his  seat  July  17,  1868;  term  to  expire  March  3,  1871. 

2  Took  his  seat  July  17,  1868;  term  to  expire  March  3,  1873. 
s  Took  his  seat  July  18, 1868. 

<  Took  his  seat  July  18, 1868;  died  August  26, 1868;  Caleb  S. 
Hunt  and  J.  Vi  illis  Menard  claimed  to  have  been  elected  to 
fill  the  vacancy ,  and  Simon  Jones  claimed  he  was  elected,  in- 
stead of  Mann,  in  the  first  instance.  The  House  decided 
against  all  claimants,  and  the  seat  remained  vacant  for  the 
remainder  of  the  session. 


FORTIETH   CONGRESS. 
MAINE. 

SENATORS. 


243 


Lot  M.  Morrill,  Augusta. 


John  Lynch,  Portland. 
Sidney  Perham,  Paris. 
James  G.  Elaine,  Augusta. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


MARYLAND. 

SENATORS. 


William  Pitt  Fessenden,  Portland. 


John  A.  Peters,  Bangor. 
Frederick  A.  Pike,  Calais. 


Reverdy  Johnson,1  Baltimore. 
William  Pinkney  Whyte,2  Baltimore. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


Hiram  McCullough,  Elktpn. 
Stevenson  Archer,  Bel  Air. 
Charles  E.  Phelps,  Baltimore. 


George  Vickers,3  Chestertown. 


Francis  Thomas,  Frankville. 
Frederick  Stone,  Port  Tobacco. 


MASSACHUSETTS. 

SENATORS. 


Charles  Sumner,  Boston. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


Thomas  D.  Eliot,  New  Bedford. 
Oakes  Ames,  North  Eastern. 
Ginery  Twichell,  Brookline. 
Samuel  Hooper,  Boston. 
Benjamin  F.  Butler,  Gloucester. 


Henry  Wilson,  Natick. 


Nathaniel  P.  Banks,  Waltham. 
George  S.  Boutwell,  Groton. 
John  D.  Baldwin,  Worcester. 
William  B.  Washburn,  Greenfield. 
Henry  L.  Dawes,  Pittsfield. 


MICHIGAN. 

SENATORS. 

Zachariah  Chandler,  Detroit.  Jacob  M.  Howard,  Detroit. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 


Fernando  C.  Beaman,  Adrian. 
Charles  Upson,  Coldwater. 
Austin  Blair,  Jackson. 


Thomas  W.  Ferry,  Grand  Haven. 
Rowland  E.  Trowbridge,  Birmingham. 
John  F.  Driggs,  East  Saginaw. 


MINNESOTA. 

SENATORS. 

Alexander  Ramsey,  St.  Paul.  Daniel  S.  Norton,  Winona. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

William  Windom,  Winona.  Ignatius  Donnelly,  Hastings. 


Vacant. 


MISSISSIPPI. 

SENATORS. 
REPRESENTATIVES. 

Vacant 


Vacant. 


Resigned  July  10, 1868. 


member-elect,  were  presented  March  18, 1867,  hut  he  was  not 


*  Appointed  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  Reverdy      permitted  to  qualify;  on  February  19, 1868,  the  Senate  adopted 
Johnson,  and  took  his  seat  July  14,  1868.  a  resolution  that  he  v 


Jly 

3  Elected  for  term  beginning  March  4,  1807,  and  took  his 
seat  March  9,  1868.     The  credentials  of  Philip   F.  Thomas, 


was  not  entitled  to  qualify  as  he  had 
voluntarily  given  aid,  countenance,  and  encourgement  to 
persons  engaged  in  armed  hostility  to  the  United  States." 


244 


CONGRESSIONAL,  DIRECTORY. 


John  B.  Henderson,  Louisiana. 


MISSOTJBI. 

SENATORS. 
REPRESENTATIVES. 


William  A.  Pile,1  St.  Louis. 
Carman  A.  Newcomb,  Vineland. 
Thomas  E.  Noell,2  Perryville. 
James  R.  McCormick,3  Ironton. 
Joseph  J.  Gravely,  Stockton. 
Joseph  W.  McClurg,4  Linn  Creek. 


Charles  D.  Drake,  St.  Louis. 


John  H.  Stover,5  Versailles. 
Robert  T.  Van  Horn,6  Kansas  City. 
Benjamin  F.  Loan,  St.  Joseph. 
John  F.  Benjamin,  Shelbyville. 
George  W.  Anderson,7  Louisiana. 


John  M.  Thayer,8  Omaha. 


Thomas  W.  Tipton,9  Brownville. 


NEBRASKA. 

SENATORS. 
REPRESENTATIVE . 

John  Taffe,  Omaha. 
NEVADA. 

SENATORS. 

James  W.  Nye,  Carson  City.  William  M.  Stewart,  Virginia  City. 

REPRESENTATIVE. 

Delos  R.  Ashley,  Austin. 
NEW  HAMPSHIRE. 

SENATORS. 

Aaron  H.  Cragin,  Lebanon.  James  W.  Patterson,  Hanover. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

Jacob  Benton,  Lancaster. 


Jacob  H.  Ela,  Rochester. 
Aaron  F.  Stevens,  Nashua. 


NEW  JERSEY. 


SENATORS. 


Alexander  G.  Cattell,  Camden. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


William  Moore,  Mays  Landing. 
Charles  Haight,  Freehold. 
Charles  Sitgreaves,  Phillipsburg. 


NEW  YORK. 


SENATORS. 


Edwin  D.  Morgan,  New  York. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


Stephen  Taber,  Roslyn. 
Demas  Barnes,  Brooklyn. 
William  E.  Robinson,  Brooklyn. 
John  Fox,  New  York. 
John  Morrissey,  New  York. 
Thomas  E.  Stewart,  New  York. 
John  W.  Chanler,  New  York. 
James  Brooks,  New  York. 
Fernando  Wood,  New  York. 
William  H.  Robertson,  Katonah. 


Frederick  T.  Frelinghuysen,  Newark. 


John  Hill,  Boon  ton. 
George  A.  Halsey,  NewarK. 


Roscoe  Conkling,  Utica. 

Charles  H.  Van  Wyck,  Middletown. 
John  H.  Ketcham,  Dover. 
Thomas  Cornell,  Rondout. 
John  V.  L.  Pruyn,  Albany. 
John  A.  Griswold,  Troy. 
Orange  Ferriss,  Glens  Falls. 
Calvin  T.  Hulburd,  Brasher  Falls. 
James  M.  Marvin,  Saratoga  Springs. 
William  C.  Fields,  Laurens. 
Addison  H.  Laflin,  Herkimer. 


1  Election  unsuccessfully  contested  by  John  Hogan. 

2  Died  October  4,  1867. 

*  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  death  of  Thomas  E. 
Noell,  and  took  his  seat  December  17,  1867. 

« Resigned 1868. 

*  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  Joseph  W. 
McClurg,  and  took  his  seat  December  7,  1868. 


6  Election  unsuccessfully  contested  by  James  H.  Birch. 

7  Election  unsuccessfully  contested  by  William  F.  Switzler. 

8  Took  his  seat  March  4, 1867;  term  to  expire,  as  determined 
by  lot,  March  3,  1871. 

» Took  his  seat  March  4, 1867;  term  to  expire,  as  determined 
by  lot,  March  3,  1869. 


FOKTIETH   CONGEESS. 


245 


Roscoe  Conkling,1  Utica. 
Alexander  H.  Bailey,2  Rome. 
John  C.  Churchill,  Oswego. 
Dennis  McCarthy,  Syracuse. 
Theodore  M.  Pomeroy,  Auburn. 
William  H.  Kelsey,  Geneseo. 


William  S.  Lincoln,  Owego. 
Hamilton  Ward,  Belmont. 
Lewis  Selye,  Rochester. 
Burt  Van  Horn,  Lockport. 
James  M.  Humphrey,  Buffalo. 
Henry  Van  Aernam,  Franklin ville. 


NORTH  CAROLINA.  3 


Joseph  C.  Abbott,4  Wilmington. 


SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


John  R.  French,6  Edenton. 
David  Heaton,7  Newbern. 
Oliver  H.  Dockery,8  Richmond. 
John  T.  Deweese,6  Raleigh. 


Benjamin  F.  Wade,  Jefferson. 


OHIO. 


SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


Benjamin  Eggleston,  Cincinnati. 
Rutherford  B.  Hayes,10  Cincinnati. 
Samuel  F.  Gary,11  Cincinnati. 
Robert  C.  Schenck,  Dayton. 
William  Lawrence,  Belief  on  taine. 
William  Mungen,  Findlay. 
Reader  W.  Clarke,  Batavia. 
Samuel  Shellabarger,  Springfield. 
Cornelius  S.  Hamilton,^2  Marysville. 
John  Beatty,13  Cardington. 
Ralph  P.  Buckland,  Fremont. 


John  Pool,5  Elizabeth  City. 

Israel  G.  Lash,9  Salem. 
Nathaniel  Boyden,8  Salisbury. 
Alexander  H.  Jones,6  Asheville. 


John  Sherman,  Mansfield. 


James  M.  Ashley,  Toledo. 
John  T.  Wilson,  Tranquility. 
Philadelph  Van  Trump,  Lancastenr. 
George  W.  Morgan,14  Mount  Verno. 
Columbus  Delano,15  Mount  Vernon. 
Martin  Welker,  Wooster. 
Tobias  A.  Plants,  Pomeroy. 
John  A.  Bingham,  Cadiz. 
Ephraim  R.  Eckley,  Carrollton. 
Rufus  P.  Spalding,  Cleveland. 
James  A.  Garfield,  Hiram. 


OREGON. 


SENATORS. 

George  H.  Williams,  Portland.  Henry  W.  Corbett,  Portland. 

REPRESENTATIVE. 

Rufus  Mallory,  Salem. 
PENNSYLVANIA. 


SENATORS. 


Charles  R.  Buckalew,  Bloomsburg. 


Simon  Cameron,  Harrisburg. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


Samuel  J.  Randall,  Philadelphia. 
Charles  O'Neill,  Philadelphia. 
Leonard  Myers,  Philadelphia. 
William  D   Kelley,  Philadelphia. 
Caleb  N.  Taylor,  Bristol. 
Benjamin  M.  Boyer,  Norristown. 
John  M.  Broomall,  Media. 
J.  Lawrence  Getz,  Reading. 
Thaddeus  Stevens,16  Lancaster. 
Oliver  J.  Dickey,17  Lancaster. 
Henry  L.  Cake,  Tamaqua. 
Daniel  M.  Van  Auken,  Milford. 
Charles  Denison,18  Wilkes-Barre. 
George  W.  Woodward,19  Wilkes-Barre. 


Ulysses  Mercur,  Towanda. 

George  F.  Miller,  Lewisburg. 

Adam  J.  Glossbrenner,  York. 

William  H.  Koontz,  Somerset. 

Daniel  J.  Morrell,  Johnstown. 

Stephen  F.  Wilson,  Wellsboro. 

Glenni  W.  Scofield,  Warren. 

Darwin  A.  Finney,20  Meadyille. 

S.  Newton  Pettis,21  Meadville. 

John  Covode,  Lockport. 

James  K.  Moorhead,  Pittsburgh. 

Thomas  Williams,  Allegheny. 

George  V.Lawrence,  Monongahela City . 


»  Resigned  in  1867,  having  been  elected  Senator. 

*  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  Roscoe 
Conkling,  elected  Senator,  and  took  his  seat  November  30, 1867. 

3  Readmitted  to  representation  July  4,  1868. 

«  Took  his  seat  July  17, 1868;  term  to  expire  March  3, 1871. 

«  Took  his  seat  July  17, 1868;  term  to  expire  March  3, 1873. 

«  Took  his  seat  July  6,  1868. 

'  Took  his  seat  July  15,  1868. 

*  Took  his  seat  July  13,  1868. 
»  Took  his  seat  July  20.  1868. 

•o  Resigned  in  December,  1867. 

u  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  Rutherford 
B.  Hayes,  and  took  his  seat  November  21,  1867. 

"  Died  December  21,  1867. 

»  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  death  of  Cornelius  S. 
Hamilton,  and  took  his  seat  February  5,  1868. 


i*  Served  until  June  3. 1868;  succeeded  by  Columbus  Delano, 
who  contested  his  election. 

15  Successfully  contested  the  election  of  George  W.  Morgan, 
and  took  his  seat  June  3,  1868. 

i«  Died  August  11,  1868. 

i*  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  death  of  Thaddeus  Stevens, 
and  took  his  seat  December  7,  1868. 

>8  Died  June  27, 1867. 

is  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  death  of  Charles  Denison, 
and  took  his  seat  November  21, 1867. 

20  Died  August  25, 1868. 

»'  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  death  of  Darwin  A.  Fin- 
ney, and  took  his  seat  December  7,  1868. 


246  CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 

RHODE  ISLAND. 

SENATORS. 

Henry  B.  Anthony,  Providence.  William  Sprague,  Providence. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

Thomas  A.  Jenckes,  Cumberland.  Nathan  F.  Dixon,  Westerly. 

SOUTH  CAROLINA.1 

SENATORS. 

Thomas  J.  Robertson,2  Columbia.  Frederick  A.  Sawyer,3  Bolton. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

B.  Frank  Whittemore,4  Darlington.  Manuel  Simeon  Corley,6  Lexington. 

Christopher  C.  Bowen,8  Charleston.  James  H.  Goss,*  Union  Court  House. 

TENNESSEE. 

SENATORS. 

Joseph  S.  Fowler,  Nashville.  David  T.  Patterson,  Greenville. 

REPRESENTATIVES.7 

Roderick  R.  Butler,8  Mountain  City.  John  Trimble,9  Nashville. 

Horace  Maynard,9  Knoxville.  Samuel  M.  Arnell,10  Columbia. 

William  B.  Stokes,9  Alexandria.  Isaac  R.  Hawkins,9  Huntingdon. 

James  Mullins,9  Shelbyville.  David  A.  Nunn,9  Brownsville. 

TEXAS. 

SENATORS. 

Vacant.  Vacant. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

Vacant. 
VERMONT. 

SENATORS. 

George  F.  Edmunds,  Burlington.  Justin  S.  Morrill,  Strafford. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

Fred.  E.  Woodbridge,  Vergennes.  Worthington  C.  Smith,  St.  Albans. 

Luke  P.  Poland,  St.  Johnsbury. 

VIRGINIA. 

SENATORS. 

Vacant.  Vacant. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

Vacant. 
WEST  VIRGINIA. 

SENATORS. 

Peter  G.  Van  Winkle,  Parkersburg.  Waitman  T.  Willey,  Morgantown. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

Chester  D.  Hubbard,  Wheeling.  Daniel  Polsley,  Point  Pleasant. 

Bethuel  M.  Kitchen,  Martinsburg. 

1  Readmitted  to  representation  July  9, 1868.  sentative  population  a  sufficient  number  to  give  her  nine,  In- 

1  Took  his  seat  July  20, 1868:  term  to  expire  March  3, 1871.  stead  of  eight,  Representatives  and  he  had  been  elected  as  such 

'  Took  his  seat  July  22, 1868;  term  to  expire  March  3, 1873.  ninth  member.    It  was  the  first  of  many  similar  claims  made 

4  Took  his  seat  July  18,  1868.  by  other  readmitted  States;  the  majority  report  was  adverse 

6  Took  his  seat  July  20,  1868.  to  the  claimant  and,  although  the  House  took  no  formal  action, 

«  Took  his  seat  July  25, 1868.  he  was  not  seated. 

'  The  credentials  of  Thomas  A.  Hamilton,  claiming  to  be  a  8  Took  his  seat  June  26,  1868. 

member-elect  from  the  State  at  large,  were  presented;  claimant  »  Took  his  seat  November  21,  1867. 

held  that,  inasmuch  as  Tennessee  had  voluntarily  emanci-  «  Took  his  seat  November  25, 1867. 

pated  and  enfranchised  her  slaves,  she  had  added  to  her  repre- 


FORTIETH   CONGRESS.  247 

WISCONSIN. 

SENATORS. 

James  R.  Doolittle,  Racine.  Timothy  O.  Howe,  Green  Bay. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

Halbert  E.  Paine,  Milwaukee.  Charles  A.  Eldridge,  Fond  du  Lac. 

Benjamin  F.  Hopkins,  Madison.  Philetus  Sawyer,  Oshkosh. 

Amasa  Cobb,  Mineral  Point.  Cadwallader  C.  Washburn,  La  Crosse. 

TERRITORY  OF  ARIZONA. 

DELEGATE. 

Coles  Bashford,  Tucson. 
TERRITORY  OF  COLORADO. 

DELEGATE. 

George  M.  Chilcott,  Excelsior. 
TERRITORY  OF  DAKOTA. 

DELEGATE. 

Walter  A.  Burleigh,  Yankton. 
TERRITORY  OF  IDAHO. 

DELEGATE. 

E.  D.  Holbrook,  Idaho  City. 
TERRITORY  OF   MONTANA. 

DELEGATE. 

James  M.  Cavanaugh,  Helena. 
TERRITORY  OF  NEW  MEXICO. 

DELEGATES. 

Charles  P.  Clever,1  Santa  Fe.  J.  Francisco  Chaves.2 

TERRITORY  OF  UTAH. 

DELEGATE. 

William  H.  Hooper,3  Salt  Lake  City. 
TERRITORY  OF   WASHINGTON. 

DELEGATE. 

Alvan  Flanders,  Walla  Walla. 

1  Served  until  February  20, 1869;  succeeded  by  J.  Francisco         3  Election  unsuccessfully  contested  by  William  McGrorty. 
Chaves,  who  contested  his  election. 

2  Successfully  contested  the  election  of  Charles  P.  Clever, 
and  took  his  seat  February  20,  1869. 


FORTY-FIRST  CONGRESS. 


MARCH  4,  1869,  TO  MARCH  3,  1871. 


FIRST  SESSION— March  4,  1869,  to  April  10,  1869.  SECOND  SESSION— December  6, 
1869,  to  July  15,  1870.  THIRD  SESSION— December  5,  1870,  to  March  3,  1871. 
SPECIAL  SESSION  OF  THE  SENATE— April  12,  1869,  to  April  22,  1869. 


VICE  PRESIDENT— Schuyler  Colfax,  of  Indiana.  PRESIDENT  OF  THE  SENATE  PEG  TEM- 
PORE— Henry  B.  Anthony,1  of  Rhode  Island.  SECRETARY  OF  THE  SENATE— George  C.  Gorham, 
of  California. 

SPEAKER  OF  THE  HOUSE— James  G.  Elaine,  of  Maine.  CLERK  OF  THE  HOUSE— Edward 
McPherson,  of  Pennsylvania. 


ALABAMA. 

SENATORS. 

George  E.  Spencer,  Decatur.  Willard  Warner,  Montgomery. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

Alfred  E.  Buck,  Mobile.  Charles  Hays,2  Eutaw. 

Charles  W.  Buckley,  Montgomery.  Peter  M.  Dox,3  Huntsville. 

Robert  S.  Heflin,2  Opelika.  William  C.  Sherrod,2  Courtland. 

ARKANSAS. 

SENATORS. 

Alexander  McDonald,  Little  Rock.  Benjamin  F.  Rice,  Little  Rock. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

Logan  H.  Roots,  Duvalls  Bluff.  Thomas  Boles,  Dardanelle. 

Anthony  A.  C.  Rogers,  Pine  Bluff. 

CALIFORNIA. 

SENATORS. 

Cornelius  Cole,  San  Francisco.  Eugene  Casserly,  San  Francisco. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

Samuel  B.  Axtell,  San  Francisco.  James  A.  Johnson,  Downieville. 

Aaron  A.  Sargent,  Nevada  City. 

CONNECTICUT. 

SENATORS. 

Orris  S.  Ferry,  Norwalk.  William  A.  Buckingham,  Norwich. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

Julius  L.  Strong,  Hartford.  Henry  H.  Starkweather,  Norwich. 

Stephen  W.  Kellogg,  Waterbury.  William  H.  Barnum,  Lime  Rock. 

'  Elected  March  23, 1869;  April  9,1869;  May28,1870;  July  1,          3  Qualified  under  act  of  July  2, 1862,  and  took  his  seat  Decem- 
1870;  July  14.  1870.  ber  7,  1869. 

2  Qualified  under  act  of  July  11,  1868,  and  took  his  seat 
December  7, 1869. 

248 


FOETY-FIEST   CONGRESS. 


249 


DELAWARE. 

SENATORS. 

Willard  Saulsbury,  Georgetown.  Thomas  F.    Bayard,  Wilmington. 

REPRESENTATIVE. 

Benjamin  T.  Biggs,  Summit  Bridge. 
FLORIDA. 

SENATORS. 

Thomas  W.  Osborn,  Pensacola.  Abijah  Gilbert,  St.  Augustine. 

REPRESENTATIVE. 

Charles  M.  Hamilton,  Jacksonville. 
GEORGIA.1 

SENATORS.2 


Joshua  Hill,3  Madison. 


REPRESENTATIVES.' 


William  W.  Paine,6  Savannah. 
Richard  H.  Whiteley,7  Bainbridge. 
Marion  Bethune,8  Talbotton. 
Jefferson  F.  Long,9  Macon. 


Lyman  Trumbull,  Chicago. 


ILLINOIS. 


SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


Norman  B.  Judd,  Chicago. 
John  F.  Farnsworth,  St.  Charles. 
Elihu  B.  Washburne,10  Galena. 
Horatio  C.  Burchard,11  Freeport. 
John  B.  Hawley,  Rock  Island. 
Ebon  C.  Ingersoll,  Peoria. 
Burton  C.  Cook,  Ottawa. 
Jesse  H.  Moore,  Decatur. 


Homer  V.  M.  Miller,4  Rome. 


Stephen  A.  Corker,6  Waynesboro. 
William  P.  Price,8  Dahlonega. 
Pierce  M.  B.  Young,8  Cartersville. 


Richard  Yates,  Jacksonville. 


Shelby  M.  Cullom,  Springfield. 
Thompson  W.  McNeely,  Petersburg. 
Albert  G.  Burr,  Carrollton. 
Samuel  S.  Marshall,  McLeansboro. 
John  B.  Hay,  Belleville. 
John  M.  Crebs,  Carmi. 
John  A.  Logan,  Carbondale. 


INDIANA. 


Oliver  P.  Morton,  Indianapolis. 


SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


William  E.  Niblack,  Vincennes. 
Michael  C.  Kerr,  New  Albany. 
William  S.  Holman,  Aurora. 
George  W.  Julian,12  Centerville. 
John  Coburn,  Indianapolis. 
Daniel  W.  Voorhees,  Terre  Haute. 


Daniel  D.  Pratt,  Logansport. 


Godlove  S.  Orth,  La  Fayette. 
James  N.  Tyner,13  Peru. 
John  P.  C.  Shanks,  Jay  Court  House. 
William  Williams,  Warsaw. 
Jasper  Packard,  Laporte. 


1  Readmitted  to  representation  by  act  of  July  15,  1870. 

2  The  credentials  of  Mr.  Hill  and  Mr.  Miller,  presented  in 
the  Fortieth  Congress,  and  undisposed  of  on  the  files  of  the 
Senate,  were  referred  again  to  the  Committee  on  the  Judi- 
ciary March  9,  1869;  they  were  reported  back  without  rec- 
ommendation and  ordered  to  lie  on  the  table  March  17, 1869; 
they  were  again  referred  to  the  committee  February  14, 1870. 
A  new  election  was  held  in  Georgia,  and  on  July  15, 1870,  the 
credentials  of  Richard  H.  Whiteley  and  Henry  P.  Farrow 
were  presented  and  ordered  to  lie  on  the  table,  but  were 
subsequently  referred;  on  the  same  day  of  their  presentation 
the  act  was  approved  readmitting  Georgia  to  representation 
in  Congress.    The  committee  reported  upon  all  the   creden- 
tials January  23,  1871,  resolving  that  Messrs.  Hill  and  Miller 
were  duly  elected;  that  Mr.  Hill  should  be  permitted  to  take 
his  seat,  but  that  Mr.  Miller  was  disqualified  by  reason  of  his 
service  in  the  Confederate  Army;  this  report  was  adopted 
February  1, 1871.    A  joint  resolution  prescribing  a  qualifica- 
tion oath  for  Mr.  Miller  was  approved  February  24,  1871;  took 
his  seat  the  same  day. 

3  Took  his  seat  under  the  resolution  of  February  1, 1871,  on 
that  day;  term  to  expire  March  3, 1873. 

<  Qualified  under  the  terms  of  the  joint  resolution  approved 
February  24,  1871,  and  took  his  seat  on  that  date;  term  to 
expire  March  3, 1871. 


s  Pierce  M.  B.  Young,  Nelson  Tift,  W.  P.  Edwards,  J.  W. 
Clift,  Samuel  F.  Gove,  and  C.  H.  Prince  presented  credentials 
alleging  their  election  as  representatives,  April  20, 1868,  the 
same  election  in  which  they  were  elected  to  the  Fortieth  Con- 
gress; by  resolution  of  January  28, 1870,  they  were  declared  not 
entitled  to  seats.  Pierce  M.  B.  Young  subsequently  presented 
credentials  under  a  subsequent  election  and  was  seated. 

6  Qualified  under  act  of  July  11, 1868,  and  took  his  seat  Jan- 
uary 24,  1871;  election  unsuccessfully  contested  by  Thomas  P. 
Beard. 

i  Qualified  under  act  of  July  11,  1868,  and  took  his  seat 
February  9,  1871. 

8  Qualified  under  act  of  July  11, 1868,  and  took  his  seat  Jan- 
uary 16, 1871. 

9  Qualified  under  act  of  July  2, 1862,  and  took  his  seat  Jan- 
uary 16,  1871. 

1°  Resigned  March  6,  1869. 

11  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  Elihu  B. 
Washburne,  and  took  his  seat  December  6,  1869. 

12  Election  unsuccessfully  contested  by  John  S.  Reid. 

>'  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  Daniel  D. 
Pratt,  elected  Senator,  and  took  his  seat  March  4, 1869. 


250 


James  W.  Grimes,1  Burlington. 
James  B.  Howell,2  Keokuk. 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 
IOWA. 

SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


George  W.  McCrary,  Keokuk. 
J.  William  Smyth,3  Marion. 
William  P.  Wolf,4  Tipton. 
William  B.  Allison,  Dubuque. 


James  Harlan,  Mount  Pleasant. 


William  Loughridge,  Oskaloosa. 
Frank  W7.  Palmer,  Des  Moines. 
Charles  Pomeroy,  Fort  Dodge. 


KANSAS. 

SENATORS. 

Samuel  C.  Pomeroy,  Atchison.  Edmund  G.  Ross,  Lawrence. 

RE  PRE  SE  NTATIVE . 

Sidney  Clarke,  Lawrence. 


KENTUCKY. 


SENATORS. 


Garrett  Davis,  Paris. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


Lawrence  S.  Trimble,  Paducah. 
William  N.  Sweeney,  Owensboro. 
Jacob  S.  Golladay,5  Allensville. 
Joseph  H.  Lewis,8  Glasgow. 
J.  Proctor  Knott,  Lebanon. 


LOUISIANA. 


SENATORS. 


John  S.  Harris,  Vidalia. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


J.  Hale  Sypher,9  New  Orleans. 
Lionel  A.  Sheldon,10  New  Orleans. 
Chester  B.  Darrall,11  Brashear. 


MAINE. 


SENATORS. 


William  Pitt  Fessenden,14  Portland. 
Lot  M.  Morrill,15  Augusta. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


John  Lynch.  Portland. 
Samuel  P.  Morrill,  Farmington. 
James  G.  Blaine,  Augusta. 


Thomas  C.  McCreery,  Owensboro. 


Boyd  Winchester,  Louisville. 
Thomas  L.  Jones,  Newport. 
James  B.  Beck,  Lexington. 
George  M.  Adams,7  Barbourville. 
John  M.  Rice,8  Louisa. 


William  Pitt  Kellogg,  New  Orleans. 


Joseph  P.  Newsham,12  St.  Francisville. 
Frank  Morey,13  Monroe. 


Hannibal  Hamlin,  Bangor. 


John  A.  Peters,  Bangor. 
Eugene  Hale,  Ellsworth. 


1  Resigned  December  6,  1869. 

2  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  James  W. 
Grimes,  and  took  his  seat  January  26,  1870. 

s  Died  September  30,  1870. 

4  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  death  of  William  Smyth, 
and  took  his  seat  December  6,  1870. 

6  Resigned  February  28,  1870;  the  Governor  of  Kentucky 
peremptorily  refused  to  accept  the  resignation  and  requested 
Its  withdrawal;  the  request  was  complied  with;  on  March  7, 
1870,  a  resolution  was  presented  in  the  House  as  a  question 
of  privilege,  citing  these  facts  and  granting  him  the  right  to 
resume  his  seat;  the  House  refused  to  entertain  it. 

8  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  Jacob  S. 
Golladay,  and  took  his  seat  May  10,  1870. 

'  Election  unsuccessfully  contested  by  Sidney  M.  Barnes. 

8  Seated  by  resolution  of  March  5, 1869;  election  unsuccess- 
fully contested  by  John  T.  Zeigler. 

9  Election  contested  by  Louis  St.  Martin;  committee  reported 
in  favor  of  seating  Mr.  Sypher,  and  House  adopted  the  report 
by  a  vote  of  78  to  73,  moved  to  reconsider  by  a  vote  of  86  to 


79,  then  adopted  a  substitute  •  resolution  declaring  the  sea 
vacant  by  a  vote  ol  99  to  70  (April  20,  1870);  subsequently 
elected,  and  took  his  seat  December  5,  1870. 

"o  Election  unsuccessfully  contested  by  Caleb  S.  Hunt;  took 
his  seat  April  8, 1869. 

n  Election  unsuccessfully  contested  by  Adolphe  Bailey;  took 
his  seat  July  6,  1870. 

12  Successfully  contested  the  election  of  Michael  Ryan,  and 
took  his  seat  May  23,  1870. 

13  Frank  Morey,  G.W.  McCranie,  and  P.  J.  Kennedyeach  pre- 
sented credentials  claiming  to  be  the  member-elect  from  the 
fifth  congressional  district;  by  resolution  of  April  28,  1870,  it 
was  declared  there  was  no  lawful  election  in  the  district. 
Morey  subsequently  presented  credentials  under  a  subsequent 
election,  and  took  his  seat  December  6,  1870. 

><  Died  September  8,  1869. 

15  Appointed  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  death  of  William  Pitt 
Fessenden,  and  took  his  seat  December  6,  1869;  subsequently 
elected. 


FORTY-FIRST    CONGRESS. 
MARYLAND. 


251 


George  Vickers,  Chestertown. 


Samuel  Hambleton,  Easton. 
Stevenson  Archer,  Bel  Air. 
Thomas  Swann,  Baltimore. 


SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


William  T.  Hamilton,1  Hagerstown. 


Patrick  Hamill,  Oakland. 
Frederick  Stone,  Port  Tobacco. 


MASSACHUSETTS. 


Charles  Sumner,  Boston. 


SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


James  Buffinton,  Fall  River. 
Oakes  Ames,  North  Easton. 
Ginery  Twichell,  Brookline. 
Samuel  Hooper,  Boston. 
Benjamin  F.  Butler,  Lowell. 
Nathaniel  P.  Banks,  Waltham. 


Henry  Wilson,  Natick. 


George  S.  Boutwell,2  Groton. 
George  M.  Brooks,3  Concord. 
George  F.  Hoar,  Worcester. 
William  B.  Washburn,  Greenfield. 
Henry  L.  Dawes,  Pittsfield. 


Zachariah  Chandler.  Detroit. 


MICHIGAN. 

SENATORS. 
REPRESENTATIVES. 


Fernando  C.  Beaman,  Adrian. 
William  L.  Stoughton,  Sturgis. 
Austin  Blair,  Jackson. 


Jacob  M.  Howard,  Detroit. 


Thomas  W.  Ferry,  Grand  Haven. 
Omar  D.  Conger,  Port  Huron. 
Randolph  Strickland,  St.  Johns. 


MINNESOTA. 


Alexander  Ramsey,  St.  Paul. 


SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


Morton  S.  Wilkinson,  Mankato. 


Daniel  S.  Norton,4  Winona. 
William  Windom,5  Winona. 
Ozora  P.  Stearns,6  Rochester. 


Eugene  M.  Wilson,  Minneapolis. 


MISSISSIPPI.7 


Hiram  R.  Revels,8  Natchez. 


SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


George  E.  Harris,10  Hernando. 
Joseph  L.  Morphis,10  Pontotoc. 
Henry  W.  Barry,11  Columbus. 


Adelbert  Ames,9  Natchez. 


George  C.  McKee,12  Vicksburg. 
Legrand  W.  Perce,12  Natchez. 


1  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  Reverdy 
Johnson  (in  preceding  Congress),  and  took  his  seat  March 25, 
1869. 

2  Resigned  March  12, 1869,  having  been  appointed  Secretary 
of  the  Treasury. 

a  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  George  S. 
Boutwell,  and  took  his  seat  December  6,  1869. 

«  Died  July  13,  1870. 

6  Appointed  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  death  of  Daniel  S.  Nor- 
ton, and  took  his  seat  December  1,  1870. 

«  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  death  of  Daniel  S.  Norton, 
and  took  his  seat  January  23, 1871. 


'  Readmitted  to  representation  by  act  of  February  23, 1870. 
8  Took  his  seat  February  25,  1870;  term  to  expire  March  3, 
1871. 

s  Took  his  seat  April  1,  1870;  term  to  expire  March  3, 1875. 

10  Qualified  under  act  of  July  11 , 1868,  and  took  his  seat  Febru- 
ary 23,  1870. 

11  Took  his  seat  April  8,  1870. 

12  Qualified  under  act  of  July  2, 1862,  and  took  his  seat  Febru- 
ary 23,  1870. 


252 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 


MISSOURI. 


SENATORS. 


Charles  D.  Drake,1  St.  Louis. 
Daniel  T.  Jewett,2  St.  Louis. 
Francis  P.  Blair,  jr.,3  St.  Louis. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


Erastus  Wells,  St.  Louis. 
Gustavus  A.  Finkelnburg,  St.  Louis. 
James  R.  McCormick,  Ironton. 
Sempronius  H.  Boyd,  Springfield. 
Samuel  S.  Burdett,  Osceola. 


Carl  Schurz,  St.  Louis. 


Robert  T.  Van  Horn,4  Kansas  City. 
Joel  F.  Asper,  Chillicothe. 
John  F.  Benjamin,  Shelbyville. 
David  P.  Dyer,5  Louisiana. 


John  M.  Thayer,  Omaha. 


Thomas  W.  Tipton,  Brown ville. 


NEBRASKA. 

SENATORS. 
REPRESENTATIVE. 

John  Taffe,  Omaha. 
NEVADA. 

SENATORS. 

James  W.  Nye,  Carson  City.  William  M.  Stewart,  Virginia  City. 

REPRESENTATIVE . 

Thomas  Fitch,  Belmont. 
NEW  HAMPSHIRE. 

SENATORS. 

Aaron  H.  Cragin,  Lebanon.  James  W.  Patterson,  Hanover. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

Jacob  Benton,  Lancaster. 


Jacob  H.  Ela,  Rochester. 
Aaron  F.  Stevens,  Nashua. 


NEW  JERSEY. 

SENATORS. 


Alexander  G.  Cattell,  Camden. 


John  P.  Stockton,  Trenton. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 

William  Moore,  Mays  Landing.  John  Hill,  Boonton. 

Charles  Haight,  Freehold.  Orestes  Cleveland,  Jersey  City. 

John  T.  Bird,  Flemington. 

NEW  YORK. 

SENATORS. 

Roscoe  Conkling,  Utica. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

Henry  A.  Reeves,  Greenport. 
John  G.  Schumaker,  Brooklyn. 
Henry  W.  Slocum,  Brooklyn. 
John  Fox,  New  York. 
John  Morrissey,  New  York. 
Samuel  S.  Cox,  New  York. 
Hervey  C.  Calkin,  New  York. 
James  Brooks,  New  York. 
Fernando  Wood,  New  York. 
Clarkson  N.  Potter,  New  Rochelle. 
George  W.  Greene,6  Goshen. 
Charles  H.  Van  Wyck,7  Middletown. 


Reuben  E.  Fenton,  Jamestown. 

John  H.  Ketcham,  Dover. 
John  A.  Griswold,  Catskill. 
Stephen  L.  Mayham,  Schoharie. 
Adolphus  H.  Tanner,  Whitehall. 
Orange  Ferriss.  Glens  Falls. 
William  A.  Wheeler,  Malone. 
Stephen  Sanford,  Amsterdam. 
Charles  Knapp,  Deposit. 
Addison  H.  Laflin,  Herkimer. 
Alexander  H.  Bailey,  Rome. 
John  C.  Churchill,  Oswego. 
Dennis  McCarthy,  Syracuse. 


'  Resigned  December  19, 1870. 

2  Appointed  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  Charles 
D.  Drake,  and  took  his  seat  December  22,  1870. 

3  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  Charles  D. 
Drake,  and  took  his  seat  January  25, 1871. 

4  Election  unsuccessfully  contested  by  James  Shields. 


6  Election  unsuccessfully  contested  by  William  F.  Switzler. 

6  Served  until  February  17, 1870;  succeeded  by  Charles  H. 
Van  Wyck,  who  contested  his  election. 

7  Successfully  contested  the  election  of  George  W.  Greene,  and 
took  his  seat  February  17,  1870. 


FORTY-FIRST   CONGRESS. 


253 


George  W.  Cowles,  Clyde. 
William  H.  Kelsey,  Geneseo. 
Giles  W.  Hotchkiss,  Binghamton. 
Hamilton  Ward,  Belmont. 
Noah  Davis,1  Albion. 


Charles  H.  Holmes,2  Albion, 
John  Fisher,  Batavia. 
David  S.  Bennett,  Buffalo. 
Porter  Sheldon,  Jamestown. 


NORTH  CAROLINA. 


SENATORS. 


Joseph  C.  Abbott,  Wilmington. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


Clinton  L.  Cobb,  Elizabeth  City. 
David  Heaton,3  Newbern. 
Joseph  Dixon,4  Hookerton. 
Oliver  H.  Dockery,  Mangum. 
John  T.  Deweese,5  Raleigh. 


OHIO. 


John  Pool,  Elizabeth  City. 


John  Manning,  jr.,6  Pittsboro. 
Israel  G.  Lash,  Salem. 
Francis  E.  Shober,7  Salisbury. 
Alexander  H.  Jones,8  Asheville. 


SENATORS. 
John  Sherman,  Mansfield. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

Peter  W.  Strader,9  Cincinnati. 
Job  E.  Stevenson,  Cincinnati. 
Robert  C.  Schenck,  Dayton. 
William  Lawrence,  Belief  on  taine. 
William  Mungen,  Findlay. 
John  A.  Smith,  Hillsboro. 
James  J.  Winans,  Xenia. 
John  Beatty,  Cardington. 
Edward  F.  Dickinson,  Fremont. 
Truman  H.  Hoag,10  Belmont. 
Erasmus  D.  Peck,11  Perrysburg. 

OREGON. 


Allen  G.  Thurman,  Columbus. 

John  T.  Wilson,  Tranquility. 
Philadelph  Van  Trump,  Lancaster. 
George  W.  Morgan,  Mount  Vernon. 
Martin  Welker,  Wooster. 
Eliakim  H.  Moore,  Athens. 
John  A.  Bingham,  Cadiz. 
Jacob  A.  Ambler,  Salem. 
William  H.  Upson,  Akron. 
James  A.  Garfield,  Hiram. 


SENATORS. 
<    George  H.  Williams,  Portland.  Henry  W.  Corbett,  Portland. 

REPRESENTATIVE. 

Joseph  S.  Smith,  Portland. 
PENNSYLVANIA. 


Simon  Cameron,  Harrisburg. 


SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


Samuel  J.  Randall,  Philadelphia. 
Charles  O'Neill,  Philadelphia. 
John  Moffet,12  Philadelphia. 
Leonard  Myers,13  Philadelphia. 
William  D.  Kelley,  Philadelphia. 
John  R.  Reading,14  Somerton. 
Caleb  N.  Taylor,15  Bristol. 
John  D.  Stiles,  Allentown. 
Washington  Townsend,  West  Chester. 


John  Scott,  Huntingdon. 


J.  Lawrence  Getz,  Reading. 
Oliver  J.  Dickey,  Lancaster. 
Henry  L.  Cake,  Tamaqua. 
Daniel  M.  Van  Auken,  Milford. 
George  W.  Woodward,  Wilkes-Barre. 
Ulysses  Mercur,  Towanda. 
John  B.  Packer,  Sunbury. 
Richard  J.  Haldeman,  Harrisburg. 
John  Cessna,  Bedford. 


1  Resigned  July  15, 1870. 

2  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  Noah  Davis, 
and  took  his  seat  December  6, 1870. 

a  Died  June  25,  1870. 

*  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  death  of  David  Heaton, 
and  took  his  seat  December  5,  1870. 

5  Resigned  February  28, 1870;  on  March  1, 1870,  the  Commit- 
tee on  Military  Affairs  reported  a  resolution  declaring  that  he 
had  made  "an  appointment  to  the  United  States  Naval  Acad- 
emy in  violation  of  law,  and  that  such  appointment  was  in- 
fluenced by  pecuniary  considerations,"  and  condemning  the 
action;  upon  a  roll  call  the  resolution  was  agreed  to  by  a  vote 
of  170  toO. 

6  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  the  resignation  of  John 
T.  Deweese,  and  took  his  seat  December  7, 1870. 


7  Election  unsuccessfully  contested  by  Nathaniel  Boyden. 

8  Election  unsuccessfully  contested  by  Plato  Durham. 

9  Election  unsuccessfully  contested  by  Benjamin  Eggleston. 

10  Died  February  1870. 

11  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  death  of  Truman  II. 
Hoag,  and  took  his  seat  April  23,  1870. 

12  Served  until  April  9,  1869;  succeeded  by  Leonard  Myers, 
who  contested  his  election. 

13  Successfully  contested  the  election  of  John  Moffet,  and  took 
his  seat  ApriT9,  1869. 

n  Served  until  April  13, 1870;  succeeded  by  Caleb  N.  Taylor, 
who  contested  his  election. 

15  Successfully  contested  the  election  of  John  R.  Reading,  and 
took  his  seat  April  13, 1870. 


254 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 


Daniel  J.  Morrell,  Johnstown. 
William  H.  Armstrong,  Williamsport. 
Glenni  W.  Scofield,  Warren. 
Calvin  W.  Gilfillan,  Franklin. 


Henry  D.  Foster,1  Greensburg. 
James  S.  Negley,  Pittsburgh. 
Darwin  Phelps,  Kittanning. 
Joseph  B.  Donley,  Waynesburg. 


RHODE  ISLAND. 

SENATORS. 

Henry  B.  Anthony,  Providence.  William  Sprague,  Providence. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

Thomas  A.  Jenckes,  Providence.  Nathan  F.  Dixon,  Westerly. 


SOUTH  CAROLINA. 

SENATORS. 

Thomas  J.  Robertson,  Columbia.  Frederick  A.  Sawyer,  Charleston. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 


B.  Franklin  Whittemore,2  Darlington. 
Joseph  H.  Rainey,3  Georgetown. 
Christopher  C.  Bowen,  Charleston. 


Solomon  L.  Hoge,4  Columbia. 
Alexander  S.  Wallace,5  Yorkville. 


TENNESSEE. 


SENATORS. 


Joseph  S.  Fowler,  Nashville. 


REPRESENTATIVES.6 


Roderick  R.  Butler,  Taylorsville. 
Horace  Maynard,  Knoxville. 
William  B.  Stokes,  Alexandria. 
Lewis  Tillman,7  Shelbyville. 


William  G.  Brownlow,  Knoxville. 


William  F.  Prosser,  Nashville. 
Samuel  M.  Arnell,  Columbia. 
Isaac  R.  Hawkins,  Huntingdon. 
William  J.  Smith,  Memphis. 


TEXAS.S 


SENATORS. 

James  W.  Flanagan,9  Waitings  Ferry.  Morgan  C.  Hamilton,10  Austin. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 


George  W.  Whitmore,11  Tyler. 
John  C.  Conner,12  Sherman. 


VERMONT. 


SENATORS. 


George  F.  Edmunds,  Burlington. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


Charles  W.  Willard,  Montpelier. 
Luke  P.  Poland,  St.  Johnsbury. 


William  T.  Clark,11  Galveston.   " 
Edward  Degener,12  San  Antonio. 


Justin  S.  Morrill,  Strafford. 


Worthington  C.  Smith,  St.  Albans. 


1  Both  John  Covode  and  Henry  D.  Foster  claimed  to  have 
been  elected,  while  the  governor  refused  to  sign  a  certificate 
or  declare  either  elected;  the  House  at  first  refused  admission 
to  either;  case  was  recommitted  for  investigation  and  on  Feb- 
ruary 9,  1870,  the  House  declared  Mr.  Foster  entitled  to  the 
seat;  took  his  seat  the  same  day.    Mr.  Covode  died  January  11, 
1871. 

2  February  21, 1870,  the  Committee  on  Military  Affairs  pre- 
sented a  report  showing  he  had  been  "  influenced  by  improper 
pecuniary  considerations  in  making  appointments  to  the  Mili- 
tary and  Naval  academies,"  and  a  resolution  for  his  expul- 
sion; pending  action  he  resigned  February  24,1870;  following 
the  announcement,  the  House  adopted  a  resolution,  without 
a  dissenting  vote,  declaring  he  had  made  such  appointments 
in  violation  of  law,  that  they  were  influenced  by  pecuniary 
considerations,  that  he  was  unworthy  of  a  seat  in  the  body, 
and  condemning  his  conduct.    June  18, 1870,  credentials  of  his 
reelection  were  presented;  on  June  21, 1870,  the  House  passed 
a  resolution  citing  its  previous  action,  declining  to  allow  him 
to  be  sworn,  and  directing  the  return  of  his  credentials. 


3  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  B.  Frank  Whittemore 
being  refused  his  seat;  took  his  seat  December  12, 1870. 

4  Successfully  contested  the  election  of  J.  P.  Reed,  and  took 
his  seat  April  8, 1869;  the  House  had  refused  to  permit  Mr. 
Reed  to  qualify  upon  the  ground  of  disloyalty. 

5  Successfully  contested  the  election  of  William  D.  Simpson, 
who  was  not  permitted  to  qualify  on  his  credentials,  and  took 
his  seat  May  27,  1870. 

6  John  B.  Rogers  claimed  a  seat  as  Representative  at  large, 
but  claim  was  not  seriously  considered. 

7  Election  unsuccessfully  contested  by  C.  A.  Sheafe. 

8  Readmitted  to  representation  by  act  of  March  30, 1870. 

9  Took  his  seat  March  31, 1870;  term  to  expire  March  3, 1875. 

10  Took  his  seat  March  31, 1870;  term  to  expire  March  3, 1877. 
>i  Took  his  seat  March  31, 1870. 

12  Took  his  seit  March  31,  1870;  election  unsuccessfully  con- 
tested by  Benjamin  F.  Grafton. 


FORTY-FIRST    CONGRESS. 
VIRGINIA.1 


255 


SENATORS. 


John  \V.  Johnston,2  Abingdon.  John  F.  Lewis,3  Port  Republic. 

REPRESENTATIVES.4 


Richard  S.  A yer,5  Warsaw. 
James  H.  Platt,  jr.,6  Petersburg. 
Charles  H.  Porter,6  Richmond. 
George  W.  Booker,7  Martinsville. 
Robert  Ridgway,8  Cool  Well. 


Richard  T.  W.  Duke,9Charlottesville. 
William  Milnes,  jr.,6  Shenandoah  Iron 

Works. 

Lewis  McKenzie,7  Alexandria. 
James  King  Gibson,6  Abingdon. 


WEST  VIRGINIA. 

SENATORS. 

Waitman  T.  Willey,  Morgantown.  Arthur  I.  Boreman,  Parkersburg. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 


Isaac  H.  Duval,  Wellsburg. 
James  C.  McGrew,  Kingwood. 


John  S.  Witcher,  Guyandotte. 


WISCONSIN. 


SENATORS. 


Timothy  O.  Howe,  Green  Bay. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


Halbert  E.  Paine,  Milwaukee. 
Benjamin  F.  Hopkins,10  Madison. 
David  Atwood,11  Madison. 
Amasa  Cobb,  Mineral  Point. 


Matthew  H.  Carpenter,  Milwaukee. 


Charles  A.  Eldridge,  Fond  du  Lac. 
Philetus  Sawyer,  Oshkosh. 
Cadwallader  C.  Washburn,  La  Crosse. 


TERRITORY  OF  ARIZONA. 

DELEGATE. 

Richard  C.  McCormick,  Tucson. 
TERRITORY  OF  COLORADO. 

DELEGATE. 

Allen  A.  Bradford,  Pueblo. 
TERRITORY  OF  DAKOTA. 

DELEGATE. 

Samuel  L.  Spink,  Yankton 
TERRITORY  OF  IDAHO. 

DELEGATE. 

Jacob  K.  Shafer,  Idaho  City. 


1  Readmitted  to  representation  by  act  of  January  26, 1870. 

2  Took  his  seat  January  28,  1870;  term  to  expire  March  3, 
1871. 

3  Took  his  seat  January  27, 1870;  term  to  expire  March  3, 
1875. 

4  The  Virginia  constitutional  convention  called  under  re- 
construction laws  passed  an  ordinance  providing  for  a  ninth 
Representative  at  large;  credentials  of  Joseph  Segar  as  such 
Repres  ntative  were  presented  January  25,  1870;  on  July  11, 
1870,  the  House  adopted  a  resolution,  without  division,  declar- 
ing him  not  entitled  to  a  seat. 

'•>  Qualified  under  act  of  July  2,  1862,  and  took  his  seat  Jan- 
uary 31, 1870. 


•  Took  his  seat  January  27, 1870. 
«  Took  his  seat  January  28,  1870. 

*  Election  unsuccessfully  contested  by  Charles  Whittlesey; 
took  his  seat  January  31,  1870. 

*  Qualified  under  act  of  July  2, 1862,  and  took  his  seat  Febru- 
ary 1,  1870;    election   unsuccessfully  contested    by    George 
Tucker. 

8  Took  his  seat  January  27, 1870;  died  1870. 

•  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  death  of  Robert  Ridg  >vay, 
and  took  his  seat  December  5,  1870. 

10  Died  January  1,  1870. 

11  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  death  of  Benjamin  F. 
Hopkins,  and  took  his  seat  February  23,  1870. 


2,56  CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 

TERRITORY  OF  MONTANA. 

DELEGATE. 

James  M.  Cavanaugh,  Helena. 
TERRITORY  OF  NEW  MEXICO. 

DELEGATE. 

J.  Francisco  Chaves,  Santa  Fe. 
TERRITORY  OF  UTAH. 

DELEGATE. 

William  H.  Hooper,  Salt  Lake  City. 
TERRITORY  OF  WASHINGTON. 

DELEGATE. 

Selucius  Garfielde,  Olympia. 
TERRITORY  OF  WYOMING.1 

DELEGATE. 

Stephen  F.  Nuckolls,  Cheyenne. 

i  Formed  from  a  portion  of  the  territory  ceded  to  the  United  States  by  France  by  treaty  of  Paris  of  April  30, 1803;  provided 
a  territorial  government,  and  the  right  to  Delegate  representation  in  Congress,  by  act  of  July  25, 1868. 


FORTY-SECOND  CONGRESS. 


MARCH  4,  1871,  TO  MARCH  3,  1873. 


FIRST  SESSION— March  4, 1871,  to  April  20, 1871.  SECOND  SESSION— December  4, 1871, 
to  June  10,  1872.  THIRD  SESSION— December  2,  1872,  to  March  3,  1873.  SPECIAL 
SESSION  OF  THE  SENATE— May  10,  1871,  to  May  27,  1871. 


VICE  PRESIDENT— Schuyler  Colfax,  of  Indiana.  PRESIDENT  OF  THE  SENATE  PRO  TEM- 
PORE— Henry  B.  Anthony,1  of  Rhode  Island.  SECRETARY  OF  THE  SENATE— George  C.  Gorham, 
of  California. 

SPEAKER  OF  THE  HOUSE— James  G.  Elaine,  of  Maine.  CLERK  OF  THE  HOUSE— Edward 
McPherson,  of  Pennsylvania. 


ALABAMA. 

SENATORS. 

George  E.  Spencer,  Decatur.  George  Goldthwaite,2  Montgomery. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 


Benjamin  S.  Turner,  Selma. 
Charles  W.  Buckley,  Montgomery. 
William  A.  Handley,3  Roanoke. 


Charles  Hays,  Eutaw. 
Peter  M.  Dox,  Huntsville. 
Joseph  H.  Sloss,  Tuscumbia. 


ARKANSAS. 

SENATORS. 

Benjamin  F.  Rice,  Little  Rock.  Powell  Clayton,  Little  Rock. 

REPRESENTATIVES . 


James  M.  Hanks,  Helena. 
Oliver  P.  Snyder,  Pine  Bluff. 


John  Edwards,4  Fort  Smith. 
Thomas  Boles,5  Dardanelle. 


CALIFORNIA. 


SENATORS. 


Cornelius  Cole,  San  Francisco. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


Sherman  0.  Houghton,  San  Jose. 
Aaron  A.  Sargent,  Nevada  City. 


Eugene  Casserly,  San  Francisco. 


John  M.  Coghlan,  Suisun  City. 


1  Elected  March  10, 1871;  April  17, 1871;  May  23, 1871  (special 
session  of  the  Senate);  December  21,  1871;  February  23, 1872; 
June  8, 1872;  December  4, 1872;  December  13, 1872;  December 
20, 1872;  and  January  24, 18/3. 

2  Credentials  presented  February  6,  1871,  in  the  preceding 
Congress;  appeared  to  take  the  oath  of  office  March  4,  1871: 
protest  against  his  being  seated  presented  the  same  day,  and 
he  was  not  permitted  to  qualify;  on  January  9,  1872,  Senate, 

50346°— S.  Doc.  654,  61-2 17 


by  resolution,  gave  him  permission  to  take  his  seat,  pending 
further  investigation;  took  his  seat  January  15, 1872;  no  fur- 
ther action. 

s  Election  unsuccessfully  contested  by  B.  W.  Norris. 

<  Served  until  February  9, 1872;  succeeded  by  Thomas  Boles, 
who  contested  his  election. 

5  Successfully  contested  the  election  of  John  Edwards,  and 
took  his  seat  February  9, 1872. 

257 


258  CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 

CONNECTICUT. 

SENATORS.. 

Orris  S.  Ferry,  Norwalk.  William  A.  Buckingham,  Norwich. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 


Julius  L.  Strong,1  Hartford. 
Joseph  R.  Hawley,2  Hartford. 
Stephen  W.  Kellogg,  Waterbury. 


Henry  H.  Starkweather,  Norwich. 
William  H.  Barnum,  Lime  Rock. 


DELAWARE. 

SENATORS. 

Thomas  F.  Bayard,  Wilmington.  Eli  Saulsbury,  Dover. 

REPRESENTATIVE. 

Benjamin  T.  Biggs,  Summit  Bridge. 
FLORIDA. 

SENATORS. 

Thomas  W.  Osborn,  Pensacola.  Abijah  Gilbert,  St.  Augustine. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

Josiah  T.  Walls,3  Gainesville.  Silas  L.  Niblack,4  Gainesville. 


Joshua  Hill,  Madison. 


GEORGIA. 

SENATORS. 
REPRESENTATIVES . 


Archibald  T.  Mclntyre,6  Thomasville. 
Richard  H.  Whiteley,7  Bainbridge. 
John  S.  Bigby,  Newnan. 
Thomas  J.  Speer,8  Barnesville. 


Thomas  M.  Norwood,5  Savannah. 


Erasmus  W.  Beck,9  Griffin. 
Dudley  M.  Du  Bose,10  Washington. 
William  P.  Price,  Dahlonega. 
Pierce  M.  B.  Young,  Cartersville. 


Lyman  Trumbull,  Chicago. 


ILLINOIS. 


SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


Charles  B.  Farwell,  Chicago. 
John  F.  Farnsworth,  St.  Charles. 
Horatio  C.  Burchard,  Freeport. 
John  B.  Hawley,  Rock  Island. 
Bradford  N.  Stevens,  Tiskilwa. 
Burton  C.  Cook,1 1  Ottawa. 
Henry  Snapp,12  Joliet. 
Jesse  H.  Moore,  Docatur. 


John  A.  Logan,  Carbondale. 


James  C.  Robinson,  Springfield. 

Thompson  W.  McNeely,  Petersburg. 

Edward  Y.  Rice,  Hillsboro. 

Samuel  S.  Marshall,  McLeansboro. 

John  B.  Hay,  Belleville. 

John  M.  Crebs,  Carmi. 

John  L.  Beveridge,13  Evanston. 


1  Died  September  7, 1872. 

2  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  death  of  Julius  L.  Strong, 
and  took  his  seat  December  2, 1872. 

3  Served  until  January  29,  1873;  succeeded  by  Silas  L. 
Niblack,  who  contested  his  election. 

4  Successfully  contested  the  election  of  Josiah  T.  Walls,  and 
took  his  seat  January  29, 1873. 

5  Election  unsuccessfully  contested  by  Foster  Blodgett;  took 
his  seat  December  19, 1871. 

8  Ejection  unsuccessfully  contested  by  Virgil  Hilyer. 


i  Election  unsuccessfully  contested  by  Nelson  Tift. 

8  Died  August  18,  1872. 

9  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  death  of  Thomas  J. 
Speer,  and  took  his  seat  December  2, 1872. 

10  Election  unsuccessfully  contested  by  J.  S.  Fannin. 

11  Resigned  August  26,  1871. 

12  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  Burton  C. 
Cook,  and  took  his  seat  December  4,  1871. 

w  Took  his  seat  December  4, 1871;  resigned  January  4, 1873. 


FORTY-SECOND   CONGRESS. 
INDIANA. 

SENATORS. 

Oliver  P.  Morton,  Indianapolis.  Daniel  D.  Pratt,  Logansport. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 


259 


William  E.  Niblack,  Vincennes. 
Michael  C.  Kerr,  New  Albany. 
William  S.  Holman,  Aurora. 
Jeremiah  M.  Wilson,1  Connersville. 
John  Coburn,  Indianapolis. 
Daniel  W.  Vorhees,  Terre  Haute. 


Mahlon  D.  Manson,  Crawfordsville. 
James  N.  Tyner,  Peru. 
John  P.  C.  Shanks,  Jay  Court  House. 
William  Williams,  Warsaw. 
Jasper  Packard,  La  Porte. 


IOWA.  -  f 

SENATORS. 

James  Harlan,  Mount  Pleasant.  George  G.  Wright,  Des  Moines. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 


George  W.  McCrary,  Keokuk. 

Aylett  R.  Cotton,  Lyons. 

William  G.  Donnan,  Independence. 


Madison  M.  Walden,  Centerville. 
Frank  W.  Palmer,  Des  Moines. 
Jackson  Orr,  Montana. 


KANSAS. 

SENATORS.2 


Samuel  C.  Pomeroy,  Atchison. 


Alexander  Caldwell,  Leavenworth. 


REPRESENTATIVE. 

David  P.  Lowe,  Fort  Scott. 


KENTUCKY. 


SENATORS. 


Garrett  Davis,3  Paris. 

Willis  B.  Machen,"  Eddyville. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


Edward  Grassland,  May  field. 
Henry  D.  McHenry,  Hartford. 
Joseph  H.  Lewis,  Glasgow. 
William  B.  Read,  Hodgensville. 
Boyd  Winchester,  Louisville. 

LOUISIANA. 

SENATORS. 

William  Pitt  Kellogg,5  New  Orleans. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


J.  Hale  Sypher,  New  Orleans. 
Lionel  A.  Sheldon,  New  Orleans. 
Chester  B.  Darrall,  Brashear. 


John  W.  Stevenson,  Covington. 


William  E.  Arthur,  Covington. 
James  B.  Beck,  Lexington. 
George  M.  Adams,  Barbourville. 
John  M.  Rice,  Louisa. 


J.  Rodman  West,  New  Orleans. 


Aleck  Boarman,6  Shreveport. 
Frank  Morey,  Monroe. 


i  Election  unsuccessfully  contested  by  David  S.  Gooding. 

*  May  11,  1872,  the  Committee  on  Privileges  and  Elections 
was  authorized  to  investigate  charges  of  bribery  and  corruption 
in  connection  with  the  election  of  both  the  sitting  Senators; 
June  3, 1872,  it  reported  that  in  the  case  of  Mr.  Pomeroy  such 
charges  were  totally  unsustained;  in  the  case  of  Mr.  Caldwell 
the  report  was  directly  to  the  contrary,  and  on  February  17, 
1873.  it  reported  a  resolution  declaring  him  "not  duly  and 
legally  elected;"  this  report  was  not  acted  upon  during  the 
Congress,  but  early  in  the  succeeding-Congress,  and  in  the  spe- 
cial session  of  the  Senate,  while  the  report  was  pending  and 
under  discussion,  Mr.  Caldwell  resigned  (March  24, 1873). 

3  Died  September  22, 1872. 

4  Appointed  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  death  of  Garrett  Davis, 
and  took  his  seat  December  2, 1872. 


s  Resigned  November  1,  1872;  January  22, 1873,  credentials 
of  John  Ray  and  William  L.  McMillen,  each  claiming  to  have 
been  elected  to  fill  the  vacancy,  were  presented  and  referred; 
February  20,  1873,  the  committee  reported  that  neither  of  the 
claimants  was  entitled  to  a  seat,  as  no  state  government  ex- 
isted at  the  time  in  Louisiana,  and  recommended  the  passage 
of  a  bill  ordering  a  new  election;  such  a  bill  was  rejected 
February  27, 1873;  no  further  action  was  taken  on  the  creden- 
tials and  the  seat  remained  vacant  to  the  close  of  the  session. 

6  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  death  of  James  McCleery, 
November  5, 1871,  before  the  convening  of  Congress,  and  took 
his  seat  December  3, 1872.  Resigned  March  3, 1873. 


260  CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 

MAINE. 

SENATORS. 

Hannibal  Hamlin,  Bangor.  Lot  M.  Morrill,  Augusta. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 


John  Lynch,  Portland. 
William  P.  Frye,  Lewiston. 
James  G.  Elaine,  Augusta. 


John  A.  Peters,  Bangor. 
Eugene  Hale,  Ellsworth. 


MARYLAND. 

SENATORS. 

Gqprge  Vickers,  Chestertown.  William  T.  Hamilton,  Hagerstown. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


Samuel  Hambleton,  Easton. 
Stevenson  Archer,  Bel  Air. 
Thomas  Swann,  Baltimore. 


John  Ritchie,  Frederick  City. 
William  M.  Merrick,  Ilchester. 


MASSACHUSETTS. 

SENATORS. 


Charles  Sumner,  Boston. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


James  Bumnton,  Fall  River. 
Oakes  Ames,  North  Easton. 
Ginery  Twichell,  Brookline. 
Samuel  Hooper,  Boston. 
Benjamin  F.  Butler,  Lowell. 
Nathaniel  P.  Banks,  Waltham. 


Zachariah  Chandler,  Detroit. 


MICHIGAN. 

SENATORS. 
REPRESENTATIVES. 


Austin  Blair,  Jackson. 
Omar  D.  Conger,  Port  Huron. 
Wilder  D.  Foster,8  Grand  Rapids. 


Henry  Wilson,  Natick. 


George  M.  Brooks,1  Concord. 
Constantine  C.  Esty,2  Framingham. 
George  F.  Hoar,  Worcester. 
William  B.  Washburn,3  Greenfield. 
Alvah  Crocker,4  Fitchburg. 
Henry  L.  Dawes,  Pittsfield. 


Thomas  W.  Ferrv.  Grand  Haven. 


William  L.  Stoughton,  Sturgis. 
Jabez  G.  Sutherland,  Saginaw. 
Henry  Waldron,  Hillsdale. 


MINNESOTA. 

SENATORS. 

Alexander  Ramsey,  St.  Paul.  William  Windom,  Winona. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

Mark  H.  Dunnell,  Owatonna.  John  T.  Averill,  St.  Paul. 

MISSISSIPPI. 


Adelbert  Ames,  Natchez. 


George  E.  Harris,  Hernando. 
Joseph  L.  Morphis,  Pontotoc. 
Henry  W.  Barry,  Columbus. 


SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


James  L.  Alcorn,  Friars  Point. 


George  C.  McKee,  Vicksburg. 
Legrand  W.  Perce,  Natchez. 


1  Resigned  May  13, 1872.  *  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  William  B. 

3  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  George  M.  Washburn,  and  took  his  seat  February  14,  1872. 

Brooks,  and  took  his  seat  December  2,  1872.  6  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  Thomas  W. 

3  Resigned  December  5, 1871,  having  been  elected  governor.  Ferry,  and  took  his  seat  December  4, 1871. 


FORTY-SECOND   CONGRESS. 
MISSOURI. 

SENATORS. 


261 


Carl  Schurz,  St.  Louis. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


Erastus  Wells,  St.  Louis. 
Gustavus  A.  Finkelnburg,  St.  Louis. 
James  R.  McCormick,  Arcadia. 
Harrison  E.  Havens,  Springfield. 
Samuel  S.  Burdett,  Osceola. 


Francis  P.  Blair,  jr.,  St.  Louis. 


Abram  Comingo,  Independence. 
Isaac  C.  Parker,  St.  Joseph. 
James  G.  Blair,  Canton. 
Andrew  King,  St.  Charles. 


NEBRASKA. 


SENATORS. 

Thomas  W.  Tipton,  Brownville.  Phineas  W.  Hitchcock,  Omaha. 

« 

REPRESENTATIVE. 

John  Taffe,  Omaha. 
NEVADA. 

SENATORS. 

James  W.  Nye,  Carson  City.  William  M.  Stewart,  Virginia  City. 

REPRESENTATIVE. 

Charles  W.  Kendall,  Hamilton. 
NEW  HAMPSHIRE. 

SENATORS. 

Aaron  H.  Cragin,  Lebanon.  James  W.  Patterson,1  Hanover. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 


Ellery  A.  Hibbard,  Laconia. 
Samuel  N.  Bell,  Manchester. 


John  P.  Stockton,  Trenton. 


NEW  JERSEY. 


SENATORS. 


Hosea  W.  Parker,  Claremont. 


Frederick  T.  Frelinghuysen,  Newark. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 

John  W.  Hazel  ton,  Mullica  Hill.  John  Hill,  Boon  ton. 

Samuel  C.  Forker,  Bordentown.  George  A.  Halsey,  Newark. 

John  T.  Bird,  Flemington. 


Roscoe  Conkling,  Utica. 


NEW  YORK. 


SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


D wight  Townsend,  Stapleton. 
Thomas  Kinsella,  Brooklyn. 
Henry  W.  Slocum,  Brooklyn. 
Robert  B.  Roosevelt,  New  York. 
William  R.  Roberts,  New  York. 
Samuel  S.  Cox,  New  York. 
Smith  Ely,  jr.,  New  York. 
James  Brooks,  New  York. 
Fernando  Wood,  'New  York. 
Clarkson  N.  Potter,  New  Rochelle. 
Charles  St.  John,  Port  Jervis. 
John  H.  Ketcham,  Dover  Plains. 
Joseph  H.  Tuthill,  Ellenville. 
Eli  Perry,  Albany. 
Joseph  M.  Warren,  Troy. 
John  Rogers,  Black  Brook. 


Reuben  E.  Fenton,  Jamestown. 

William  A.  Wheeler,  Malone. 
John  M.  Carroll,  Johnstown. 
Elizur  H.  Prindle,  Norwich. 
Clinton  L.  Merriam,  Locust  Grove. 
Ellis  H.  Roberts,  Utica. 
William  E.  Lansing,  Chittenango. 
R.  Holland  Duell,  Cortland. 
John  E.  Seeley,  Ovid. 
William  H.  Lamport,  Canandaigua. 
Milo  Goodrich,  Dry  den. 
H.  Boardman  Smith,  Elmira. 
Freeman  Clarke,  Rochester. 
Seth  Wakeman,  Batavia. 
William  Williams,  Buffalo. 
Walter  L.  Sessions,  Panama. 


1  February  5, 1873,  a  select  committee  was  appointed  to  con- 
sider matters  presented  in  a  communication  from  the  House      report,  and  a  resolution  favoring  the  exp 
of  Representatives  and  accompanying  testimony,  reflecting      son;  as  the  Congress  and_Mr.  Patterson's 
upon  the  conduct  of  certain  Senators  in  connection  with  the 
"Credit  Mobilier  of  America";  February  27,  1873,  the  com- 


mittee reported,  exonerating  other  Senators  mentioned  in  the 

pulsion  of  Mr.  Patter- 
s  term  expired  simul- 
taneously on  March  3,  1873,  no  final  action  was  reached. 


262 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 


NORTH  CAROLINA. 


John  Pool,  Elizabeth  City. 


SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


'Clinton  L.  Cobb,  Elizabeth  City. 
Charles  R.  Thomas,  Newbern. 
Alfred  M.  Waddell,  Wilmington. 
Sion  H.  Rogers,2  Raleigh. 


John  Sherman,  Mansfield. 


OHIO. 


SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


Aaron  P.  Perry,3  Cincinnati. 
Ozro  T.  Dodds,4  Cincinnati. 
Job  E.  Stevenson,  Cincinnati. 
Lewis  D.  Campbell,5  Hamilton. 
John  F.  McKinney,  Piqua. 
Charles  N.  Lamison,  Lima. 
John  A.  Smith,  Hillsboro. 
Samuel  Shellabarger,  Springfield. 
John  Beatty,  Cardington. 
Charles  Foster,  Fostoria. 


Matt  W.  Ransom,1  Weldon. 


James  M.  Leach,  Lexington. 
Francis  E.  Shober,  Salisbury. 
James  C.  Harper,  Patterson. 


Allen  G  Thurman,  Columbus. 

Erasmus  D.  Peck,  Perrysburg. 

John  T.  Wilson,  Tranquility. 

Philadelph  Van  Trump,  Lancaster. 

George  W.  Morgan,  Mount  Vernon. 

James  Monroe,  Oberlin. 

William  P.  Sprague,  McConnellsville. 

John  A.  Bingham,  Cadiz. 

Jacob  A.  Ambler,  Salem. 

William  H.  Upson,  Akron. 

James  A.  Garfield,  Hiram. 


OREGON. 


SENATORS. 


Henry  W.  Corbett,  Portland.  James  K.  Kelly,  Portland. 

REPRESENTATIVE . 

James  H.  Slater,  Le  Grande. 


PENNSYLVANIA. 


Simon  Cameron,  Harrisburg. 


SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES . 


Samuel  J.  Randall,  Philadelphia. 
John  V.  Creely,  Philadelphia. 
Leonard  Myers,  Philadelphia. 
William  D.  Kelley,  Philadelphia. 
Alfred  C.  Harmer,  German  town. 
Ephraim  L.  Acker,  Norristown. 
Washington  Townsend,  West  Chester. 
J.  Lawrence  Getz,  Reading. 
Oliver  J.  Dickey,  Lancaster. 
John  W.  Killinger,  Lebanon. 
John  B.  Storm,  Stroudsburg. 
Lazarus  D.  Shoemaker,  Wilkes-Barre. 
Ulysses  S.  Mercur,6  Towanda. 


John  Scott,  Huntingdon. 

Frank  C.  Burnett,7  Tunkhannock. 
John  B.  Packer,  Sunbury. 
Richard  J.  Haldeman,  Harrisburg. 
Benjamin  F.  Meyers,8  Bedford. 
R.  Milton  Speer,  Huntingdon. 
Henry  Sherwood,  Wellsboro. 
Glenni  W.  Scofield,  Warren. 
Samuel  Griffith,  Mercer. 
Henry  D.  Foster,  Greensburg. 
James  S.  Negley,  Pittsburgh. 
Ebenezer  McJunkin,  Butler. 
William  McClelland,  Mount  Jackson. 


RHODE    ISLAND. 


SENATORS. 


Henry  B.  Anthony,  Providence. 


William  Sprague,  Providence. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 

Benjamin  T.  Eames,  Providence.  James  M.  Pendleton,  Westerly. 


i  Joseph  C.  Abbott  was  a  claimant  for  this  seat;  the  Com- 
mittee on  Privileges  and  Elections  reported  February  28, 1872, 
that  Zebulon  B.  Vance  had  received  ' '  a  majority  of  the  whole 
number  of  votes  cast  in  each  house,"  and  Mr.  Abbott  received 
the  next  highest  number  of  votes;  the  next  day  Mr.  Vance 
was  declared  duly  elected.  Mr.  Abbott  rested  his  claim  on 
what  he  assumed  to  be  the  legal  result  of  the  conceded  ineli- 
gibility  of  Mr.  Vance,  who  was  barred  by  the  provisions  of  the 
fourteenth  amendment;  Mr.  Vance  made  no  claim  to  the  seat; 
on  February  5,  1872,  credentials  of  Mr.  Ransom  were  pre- 
sented, certifying  he  had  been  elected  January  30, 1872, "  to  fill  a 
vacancy  existing  by  reason  of  the  resignation  of  Zebulon  B. 
Vance";  April 23, 1872,  Senate  declared,  by  resolution,  that 
Mr.  Abbott  had  not  been  elected,  and  the  day  following  that 
Mr.  Ransom  was  declared  entitled  to  the  seat;  took  his  seat 


April  24, 1872;  resolutions  were  subsequently  adopted  allow- 
ing mileage  and  salary  to  Mr.  Abbott  from  March  4, 1871,  to 
April  23, 1872,  and  fixing  Mr.  Ransom's  term  and  pay  as  be- 
ginning March  4,  1871. 

2  Took  his  seat  May  23, 1872;  election  unsuccessfully  contested 
by  James  H.  Harris. 

s  Resigned  in  1872. 

4  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  Aaron  F. 
Perrv,  and  took  his  seat  December  2, 1872. 

5  Ejection  unsuccessfully  contested  by  R.  C.  Schenck. 

6  Resigned  December  2, 1872. 

i  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  Ulysses  S. 
Mercur,  and  took  his  seat  January  7, 1873. 
8  Election  unsuccessfully  contested  by  John  Cessna. 


FORTY-SECOND    CONGRESS. 
SOUTH  CAROLINA. 

SENATORS. 

Thomas  J.  Robertson,  Columbia.  Frederick  A.  Sawyer,  Charleston. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 


263 


Joseph  H.  Rainey,  Georgetown. 
Robert  C.  De  Large,1  Charleston. 


Robert  B.  Elliott,2  Columbia 
Alexander  S.  Wallace,3  Yorkville. 


TENNESSEE. 

SENATORS. 

William  G.  Brownlow,  Knoxville. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

Roderick  R.  Butler,  Taylorsville. 
Horace  Maynard,  Knoxville. 
Abraham  E.  Garrett,  Carthage. 
John  M.  Bright,  Fayetteville. 
Edward  I.  Golladay,  Lebanon. 

TEXAS. 

SENATORS. 

James  W.  Flanagan,  Flanagans  Mills. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

William  S.  Herndon,  Tyler. 
John  C.  Conner,  Sherman. 
William  T.  Clark,6  Galveston. 

VERMONT. 

SENATORS. 

George  F.  Edmunds,  Burlington. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

Charles  W.  Willard,  Montpelier. 
Luke  P.  Poland,  St.  Johnsbury. 


Henry  Cooper,  Nashville. 


Washington  C.  Whitthorne,  Columbia. 
Robert  P.  Caldwell,  Trenton. 
Sohn  W.  Leftwich,4  Memphis. 
William  W.  Vaughan,  Brownsville. 


Morgan  C.  Hamilton,5  Austin. 


De  Witt  C.  Giddings,7  Brenham. 
John  Hancock,  Austin. 


Justin  S.  Morrill,  Strafford. 


Worthington  C.  Smith,  St*  Albans. 


John  W.  Johnston,  Abingdon. 


VIRGINIA. 

SENATORS. 
REPRESENTATIVES. 


John  Critcher,  Oak  Grove. 

James  H.  Platt,  jr.,  Petersburg. 

Charles  H.  Porter,  Richmond. 

William  H.  H.  Stowell,  Halifax  Court  House. 


John  F.  Lewis,  Port  Republic. 


Richard  T.  W.  Duke,  Charlottesville. 
John  T.  Harris,  Harrisonburg. 
Elliott  M.  Braxton,8  Fredericksburg. 
William  Terry,  Wytheville. 


WEST   VIRGINIA. 


SENATORS. 


Arthur  I.  Boreman,  Parkersburg. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


John  J.  Davis,  Clarksburg. 
James  C.  McGrew,  Kingwood. 


Henry  G.  Davis,  Piedmont. 


Frank  Hereford,  Union. 


1  Election  contested  by  Christopher  C.  Bowen;  seat  declared 
vacant  January  24, 1873. 

2  Resigned  in  January,  1873. 

3  Election  unsuccessfully  contested  by  Isaac  G.  McKissick. 
<  Died  March  6, 1871. 

6  Presented  himself  to  take  the  oath  of  office  March  4, 1871; 
a  certified  copy  of  a  joint  resolution  of  the  Texas  Legislature 
declaring  his  election  by  the  preceding  legislature  illegal  was 
offered  and  he  was  not  permitted  to  qualify;  March  15,  1871, 
credentials  of  Joseph  J.  Reynolds,  claiming  to  be  the  Senator- 


elect,  were  presented;  March  18, 1871,  the  Senate  agreed  to  a 
reported  resolution  declaring  Mr.  Hamilton  duly  elected;  took 
his  seat  March  20, 1871. 

«  Given  a  seat  by  resolution  of  January  10, 1872;  served  until 
May  13,  1872;  succeeded  by  DeWitt  C.  Giddings,  who  con- 
tested his  election. 

'  Successfully  contested  the  election  of  William  T.  Clark,  and 
took  his  seat  May  13  1872, 

8  Election  unsuccessfully  contested  by  I,ewis  McKenzie. 


264  CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 

WISCONSIN. 

SENATORS. 

Timothy  O.  Howe,  Green  Bay.  Matthew  H.  Carpenter,  Milwaukee. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

Alexander  Mitchell,  Milwaukee.  Charles  A.  Eldredge,  Fond  du  Lac. 

Gerry  W.  Hazelton,  Columbus.  Philetus  Sawyer,  Oshkosh. 

J.  Allen  Barber,  Lancaster.  Jeremiah  M.  Rusk,  Viroqua. 

TERRITORY  OF  ARIZONA. 

DELEGATE. 

Richard  C.  McCormick,  Tucson. 
TERRITORY  OF  COLORADO. 

DELEGATE. 

Jerome  B.  Chaffee,  Denver. 
TERRITORY  OF  DAKOTA. 

DELEGATE. 

Moses  K.  Armstrong,1  Yankton. 
DISTRICT  OF  COLUMBIA.2 

DELEGATE. 

Norton  P.  Chipman,  Washington. 
TERRITORY  OF  IDAHO. 

DELEGATE. 

Samuel  A.  Merritt,  Idaho  City. 
TERRITORY  OF  MONTANA. 

DELEGATE. 

William  H.  Clagett,  Deer  Lodge  City. 
TERRITORY  OF  NEW  MEXICO. 

DELEGATE. 

Jose  Manuel  Gallegos,  Sante  Fe\ 

TERRITORY  OF  UTAH. 

I 

DELEGATE. 

William  H.  Hooper,3  Salt  Lake  City. 
TERRITORY  OF  WASHINGTON. 

DELEGATE. 

Selucius  Garfielde,  Olympia. 
TERRITORY  OF  WYOMING. 

DELEGATE. 

William  T.  Jones,  Cheyenne. 

1  Election  unsuccessfully  contested  by  W.  A.  Burleigh  and  bounds  were  established  by  proclamation  of  the  President, 
S.  L.  Spink.  George  Washington,  March  30, 1791.    By  Act  of  July  9,  1846, 

2  Established  under  the  seventeenth  clause  of  the  eighth  sec-  Congress  retroceded  the  county  of  Alexandria,  incorporated  in 
tion  of  Article  I  of  the  Constitution  of  the  United  States;  the  District,  to  the  state  of  Virginia;  territorial  form  of  govern- 
formed  from  territory  ceded  to  the  United  States  by  the  state  ment  provided,  with  the  right  to  Delegate  representation  in 
of  Maryland,  legislative  act  of  December  23,  1788;  and  by  the  Congress,  by  act  of  February  21,  1871. 

state  of  Virginia,  legislative  act  of  December  3, 1789;  cessions        3  Election  unsuccessfully  contested  by  G.  R.  Maxwell, 
accepted  by  Congress  by  Act  of  July  16, 1790,  and  lines  and 


FORTY-THIRD  CONGRESS. 


MARCH  4,  1873,  TO  MARCH  3,  1875. 


FIRST  SESSION— December  1,  1873,  to  June  23,  1874.  SECOND  SESSION— December  7, 
1874,  to  March  3,  1875.  SPECIAL  SESSION  OF  THE  SENATE— March  4,  1873,  to 
March  26,  1873. 


VICE  PRESIDENT— Henry  Wilson,1  of  Massachusetts.  PRESIDENTS  OF  THE  SENATE  PRO 
TEMPORE— Matthew  H.  Carpenter,2  of  Wisconsin;  Henry  B.  Anthony,3  of  Rhode  Island.  SECRE- 
TARY OF  THE  SENATE— George  C.  Gorham,  of  California. 

SPEAKER  OF  THE  HOUSE— James  G.  Elaine,  of  Maine.  CLERK  OF  THE  HOUSE— Edward 
McPherson,  of  Pennsylvania. 


ALABAMA. 

SENATORS. 

George  E.  Spencer,4  Decatur.  George  Goldthwaite,  Montgomery. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 


Frederick  G.  Bromberg,  Mobile. 
James  T.  Rapier,  Montgomery. 
Charles  Pelham,  Talladega. 
Charles  Hays,  Eutaw. 


ARKANSAS. 


SENATORS. 


Powell  Clayton,  Little  Rock. 


John  H.  Caldwell,  Jacksonville. 
Joseph  H.  Sloss,  Tuscumbia. 
Alexander  White,  Selma. 
C.  Christopher  Sheats,  Decatur. 


Stephen  W.  Dorsey,  Helena. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 

Asa  Hodges,5  Marion.  Thomas  M.  Gunter,8  Fayetteville. 

Oliver  P.  Snyder,6  Pine  Bluff.  William  J.  Hynes,  Little  Rock. 

William  W.  Wilshire,7  Little  Rock. 

CALIFORNIA. 


SENATORS. 


Eugene  Casserly,9  San  Francisco. 
John  S.  Hager,io  San  Francisco. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


Charles  Clayton,  San  Francisco. 
Horace  F.  Page,  Placerville. 


Aaron  A.  Sargent,  Nevada  City. 


John  K.  Luttrell,  Santa  Rosa. 
Sherman  O.  Houghton,  San  Jose". 


1  Died  November  22, 1875. 

2  Elected  March  12,  1873  (special  session);   March  26,  1873; 
December  11, 1873;  December  23. 1874. 

s  Elected  January  25, 1875,  and  February  15, 1875. 

4  Appeared  to  take  the  oath  of  office  on  credentials  presented 
in  the  preceding  Congress,  March  6, 1873  (special  session  of  the 
Senate);  objection  was  made,  as  a  memorial  was  on  file  from 
Francis  W.  Sykes,  claiming  the  seat;  March  7,  1873,  a  motion 
to  refer  the  credentials  and  memorial  to  the  Committee  on 
Privileges  and  Elections  was  defeated,  and  Mr.  Spencer  was 
permitted  to  qualify;  December  8,  1873,  the  memorial  of  Mr. 
Sykes  was  referred,  and  April  20,  1874,  the  committee,  upon 
its  motion,  was  discharged  from  its  further  consideration. 


5  Election  unsuccessfully  contested  by  Lucien  C.  Cause; 
took  his  seat  February  4,  1874. 

6  Election  unsuccessfully  contested  by  Marcus  L.  Bell. 

7  Served  until  June   16,  1874;  succeeded   by   Thomas  M. 
Gunter,  who  contested  his  election. 

8  Successfully  contested  the  election  of  William  W.  Wil- 
shire, and  took  his  seat  June  16,  1874. 

9  Resigned  November  29,  1873. 

10  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  Eugene 
Casserly,  and  took  his  seat  February  9,  1874. 


265 


266 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 
CONNECTICUT. 

SENATORS. 


Orris  S.  Ferry,  Norwalk. 


William  A.  Buckingham,1  Norwich. 
William  W.  Eaton,2  Hartford. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

Joseph  R.  Hawley,  Hartford.  Henry  H.  Starkweather,  Norwich. 

Stephen  W.  Kellogg,  Waterbury.  William  H.  Barnum,  Lime  Rock. 

DELAWARE. 

SENATORS. 

Thomas  F.  Bayard,  Wilmington.  Eli  Saulsbury,  Dover. 

REPRESENTATIVE . 

James  R.  Lofland,  Milford. 


FLORIDA. 

SENATORS. 

Abijah  Gilbert,  St.  Augustine. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

William  J.  Purman,3  Tallahassee. 

GEORGIA. 

SENATORS. 

Thomas  M.  Norwood,  Savannah. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

Morgan  Rawls,4  Guyton. 
Andrew  Sloan,5  Savannah. 
Richard  H.  Whiteley,  Bainbridge. 
Philip  Cook,  Americus. 
Henry  R.  Harris,6  Greenville. 


John  A.  Logan,  Chicago. 


ILLINOIS. 


SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


John  B.  Rice,8  Chicago. 
Barnard  G.  Caulfield,9  Chicago. 
Jasper  D.  Ward,  Chicago. 
Charles  B.  Farwell,  Chicago. 
Stephen  A.  Hurlbut,  Belvidere. 
Horatio  C.  Burchard,  Freeport. 
John  B.  Hawley,  Rock  Island. 
Franklin  Corwin,  Peru. 
Geenberry  L.  Fort,  Lacon. 
Granville  Barrere,  Canton. 


INDIANA. 


SENATORS. 


Oliver  P.  Morton,  Indianapolis. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


William  E.  Niblack,  Vincennes. 
Simeon  K.  Wolfe,  New  Albany. 
William  S.  Holman,  Aurora. 
Jeremiah  M.  Wilson,  Connersville. 
John  Coburn,  Indianapolis. 
Morton  C.  Hunter,  Bloomington. 
Thomas  J.  Cason,  Lebanon. 


Simon  B.  Conover,  Tallahassee. 
Josiah  T.  Walls,  Gainesville. 

John  B.  Gordon,  Atlanta. 

James  C.  Freeman,  Griffin. 
James  H.  Blount,  Macon. 
Pierce  M.  B.  Young,  Cartersville. 
Alexander  H.  Stephens,7  Crawford vi lie. 
Hiram  P.  Bell,  Gumming. 

Richard  J.  Oglesby,  Decatur. 

William  H.  Ray,  Rushville. 
Robert  M.  Knapp,  Jerseyville. 
James  C.  Robinson,  Springfield. 
John  McNulta,  Bloomington. 
Joseph  G.  Cannon,  Tuscola. 
John  R.  Eden,  Sullivan. 
Jame?  S.  Martin,  Salem. 
William  R.  Morrison,  Waterloo. 
Isaac  Clements,  Carbondale. 
Samuel  S.  Marshall,  McLeansboro. 

Daniel  D.  Pratt,  Logansport. 


James  N.  Tyner,  Peru. 
John  P.  C.  Shanks,10  Portland. 
Henry  B.  Sayler,  Huntington. 
Jasper  Packard,  Laporte. 
William  Williams,  Warsaw. 
Godlove  S.  Orth,  La  Fayette. 


1  Died  February  5,  1875. 

2  Appointed  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  death  of  William  A. 
Buckingham,  and  took  his  seat  February  13, 1875;  subsequently 
elected. 

a  Resigned  February  16,  1875. 

4  Served  until  March  24,  1874;  succeeded  by  Andrew  Sloan, 
who  contested  his  election. 

5  Successfully  contested  the  election  of  Morgan  Rawls,  and 
took  his  seat  March  24, 1874. 


6  Election  unsuccessfully  contested  by  M.  Bethune. 

'  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  the  death  of  Ambrose  R. 
Wright  (December  21,  1872),  before  the  beginning  of  the  Con- 
gress, and  took  his  seat  December  1,  1873. 

»  Died  December  16, 1874. 

9  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  death  of  John  B,  Rice, 
and  took  his  seat  February  1,  1875. 
10  Election  unsuccessfully  contested  by  John  E.  Neff. 


FORTY-THIRD  CONGRESS. 


267 


IOWA. 


SENATORS. 


George  G.  Wright,  Des  Moines. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


George  W.  McCrary,  Keokuk. 
Aylett  R.  Cotton,  Lyons. 
William  G.  Donnan,  Independence. 
Henry  O.  Pratt,  Charles  City. 
James  Wilson,  Traer. 


William  B.  Allison,  Dubuque. 

William  Loughridge,  Oskaloosa. 
John  A.  Kasson,  Des  Moines. 
James  W.  McDill,  Afton. 
Jackson  Orr,  Boone. 


KANSAS. 


SENATORS. 

Alexander  Caldwell,1  Leavenworth. 
Robert  Crozier,2  Leavenworth. 
James  M.  Harvey,3  Vinton. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

David  P.  Lowe,  Fort  Scott. 
Stephen  A.  Cobb,  Wyandotte. 

KENTUCKY. 


John  J.  Ingalls,  Atchison. 


William  A.  Phillips,  Salina. 


SENATORS. 


John  W.  Stevenson,  Covington. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


Edward  Crossland,  Mayfield. 
John  Y.  Brown,  Henderson. 
Charles  W.  Milliken,  Franklin. 
William  B.  Read,  Hodgensville. 
Elisha  D.  Stand eford,  Louisville. 


Thomas  C.  McCreery,  Owensboro. 


William  E.  Arthur,  Covington. 
James  B.  Beck,  Lexington. 
Milton  J.  Durham,  Danville. 
George  M.  Adams,  Barbourville. 
John  D.  Young,4  Owingsville. 


LOUISIANA. 


J.  Rodman  West,  New  Orleans. 


SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


J.  Hale  Sypher,6  New  Orleans. 
Effingham  Lawrence,7  New  Orleans. 
Lionel  A.  Sheldon,8  New  Orleans. 
Chester  B.  Darrall,  Brashear. 


MAINE. 


Vacant.5 


George  L.  Smith,9  Shreveport. 

Frank  Morey,  Monroe. 

George  A.  Sheridan,10  Lake  Providence. 


SENATORS. 


Hannibal  Hamlin,  Bangor. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


John  H.  Burleigh,  South  Berwick. 
William  P.  Frye,  Lewiston. 
James  G.  Elaine,  Augusta. 


MARYLAND. 


Lot  M.  Morrill,  Augusta. 


Samuel  F.  Hersey,11  Bangor. 
Eugene  Hale,  Ellsworth. 


SENATORS. 


William  T.  Hamilton,  Hagerstown. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


Ephraim  K.  Wilson,  Snow  Hill. 
Stevenson  Archer,  Bel  Air. 
William  J.  O'Brien,  Baltimore. 


George  R.  Dennis,  Kingston. 


Thomas  Swann,  Baltimore. 
William  J.  Albert,  Baltimore. 
Lloyd  Lowndes,  jr.,  Cumberland. 


1  Resigned  March  24, 1873,  while  a  resolution  was  pending 
and  under  discussion  declaring  he  "  was  not  duly  and  legally 
elected." 

2  Appointed  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  Alex- 
ander Caldwell,  and  took  his  seat  December  1,  1873. 

3  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  Alexander 
Caldwell,  and  took  his  seat  February  12, 1874. 

«  Election  unsuccessfully  contested  by  John  M.  Burns. 

*  Pinckney  B.  S.  Pinchback  and  William  L.  McMillen  were 
claimants  for  the  seat  and  the  contest  continued  throughout 
the  session  without  settlement. 

« Served  until  March  3, 1875;  succeeded,  by  Effingham  Law- 
rence, who  contested  his  election. 


7  Successfully  contested  the  election  of  J.  Hale  Sypher,  and 
took  his  seat  March  3, 1875. 

s  Election  unsuccessfully  contested  by  Randall  L.  Gibson; 
took  his  seat  December  2, 1873. 

9  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  death  of  Samuel  Peters, 
who  never  qualified,  and  took  his  seat  December  3,  1873; 
election  unsuccessfully  contested  by  E.  C.  Davidson. 

10  Election  contested  by  Pinckney  B.  S.  Pinchback;  new 
election  ordered  and  Sheridan  was  seated  March  3, 1875. 

11  Died  February  3, 1875. 


268 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIEECTORY. 


MASSACHUSETTS. 


SENATORS. 


Charles  Sumner,1  Boston. 
William  B.  Washburn,2  Greenfield. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


James  Buffinton,  Fall  River. 
Benjamin  W.  Harris,  East  Bridgewater. 
William  Whiting,4  Boston. 
Henry  L.  Pierce,5  Boston. 
Samuel  Hooper,6  Boston. 
Daniel  W.  Gooch,  Melrose. 
Benjamin  F.  Butler,  Lowell. 


MICHIGAN. 


SENATORS. 


Zaohariah  Chandler,  Detroit. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


Moses  W.  Field,  Detroit. 
Henry  Waldron,  Hillsdale. 
George  Willard,  Battle  Creek. 
Julius  C.  Burrows,  Kalamazoo. 
Wilder  D.  Foster,9  Grand  Rapids. 


MINNESOTA. 


George  S.  Boutwell,3  Groton. 


E.  Rockwood  Hoar,  Concord. 
John  M.  S.  Williams,  Cambridge. 
George  F.  Hoar,  Worcester. 
Alvah  Crocker,7  Fitchburg. 
Charles  A.  Stevens,8  Ware. 
Henry  L.  Dawes,  Pittsfield. 


Thomas  W.  Ferry,  Grand  Haven. 


William  B.  Williams,  10Allegan. 
Josiah  W.  Begole,  Flint. 
Omar  D.  Conger,  Port  Huron. 
Nathan  B.  Bradley,  Bay  City. 
Jay  A.  Hubbell,  Houghton. 


SENATORS. 
Alexander  Ramsey,  St.  Paul.  William  Windom,  Winona. 

'  *  '.'.  REPRESENTATIVES. 


Mark  H.  Dunnell,  Owatonna. 
Horace  B.  Strait,  Shakopee. 


John  T.  Averill,  St.  Paul. 


MISSISSIPPI. 


Adelbert  Ames,11  Natchez. 
Henry  R.  Pease,12  Jackson. 

Lucius  Q.  C.  Lamar,  Oxford. 
Albert  R.  Howe,  Sardis. 
Henry  W.  Barry,  Columbus. 


Carl  Schurz,  St.  Louis. 


SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


MISSOURI. 


SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


Edwin  O.  Stanard,  St.  Louis. 
Erastus  Wells,  St.  Louis. 
William  H.  Stone,  St.  Louis. 
Robert  A.  Hatcher,  New  Madrid. 
Richard  P.  Bland,  Lebanon. 
Harrison  E.  Havens,  Springfield. 
Thomas  T.  Crittenden,  Warrensburg. 


James  L.  Alcorn,  Friar's  Point. 


Jason  Niles,  Kosciusko. 
George  C.  McKee,  Vicksburg. 
John  R.  Lynch,  Natchez. 


Lewis  V.  Bogy,  St.  Louis. 


Abram  Comingo,  Independence. 
Isaac  C.  Parker,  St.  Joseph. 
Ira  B.  Hyde,  Princeton. 
John  B.  Clark,  jr.,  Fayette. 
John  M.  Glover,  La  Grange. 
Aylett  H.  Buckner,  Mexico. 


NEBRASKA. 

SENATORS. 

Thomas  W.  Tipton,  Brownsville.  Phineas  \V.  Hitchcock,  Omaha. 

REPRESENTATIVE . 

Lorenzo  Crounse,  Fort  Calhoun. 


1  Died  March  11, 1874. 

2  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  death  of  Charles  Sumner, 
and  took  his  seat  May  1, 1874. 

3  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  Henry 
Wilson,  in  preceding  Congress,  and  took  his  seat  March  17, 1873. 

*  Died  June  29,  1873. 

s  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  the  death  of  William 
Whiting,  prior  to  the  beginning  of  the  Congress,  and  took  his 
seat  December  1, 1873. 

«  Died  February  13,  1875. 


*  Died  December  26, 1874. 

8  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  death  of  Alvah  Crocker, 
and  took  his  seat  January  27, 1875. 

*  Died  September  20, 1873. 

10  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  death  of  Wilder  D.  Foster, 
and  took  his  seat  December  1, 1873. 

11  Resigned   in  January,  1874,  having  been  elected  governor 
of  Mississippi. 

13  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  Adelbert 
Ames,  and  took  his  seat  February  12, 1874. 


FORTY-THIRD  CONGRESS. 
NEVADA. 

SENATORS. 

William  M.  Stewart,  Virginia  City.  John  P.  Jones,  Gold  Hill. 

REPRESENTATIVE. 

Charles  W.  Kendall,  Hamilton. 


269 


NEW  HAMPSHIRE. 

SENATORS. 

Aaron  H.  Cragin,  Lebanon.  Bainbridge  Wadleigh,  Milford. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

Hosea  W.  Parker,  Claremont. 


William  B.  Small,  New  Market. 
Austin  F.  Pike,  Franklin. 


NEW  JERSEY. 


SENATORS. 


John  P.  Stockton,  Trenton. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


John  W.  Hazleton,  Mullica  Hill. 
Samuel  A.  Dobbins,  Mount  Holly. 
Amos  Clark,  jr.,  Elizabeth. 
Robert  Hamilton,  Newton. 


Roscoe  Conkling,  Utica. 


NEW  YORK. 


SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


Henry  J.  Scudder,  New  York. 
John  G.  Schumaker,  Brooklyn. 
Stewart  L.  Woodford,1  Brooklyn. 
Simeon  B.  Chittenden,2  Brooklyn. 
Philip  S.  Crooke,  Flatbush. 
William  R.  Roberts,  New  York. 
James  Brooks,3  New  York. 
Samuel  S.  Cox,4  New  York. 
Thomas  J.  Creamer,  New  York. 
John  D.  Lawson,  New  York. 
David  B.  Mellish,5  New  York. 
Richard  Schell,6  New  York. 
Fernando  Wood,  New  York. 
Clarkson  N.  Potter,  New  Rpchelle. 
Charles  St.  John,  Port  Jervis. 
John  O.  Whitehouse,  Poughkeepsie. 
David  M.  De  Witt,  Kingston. 
Eli  Perry,  Albany. 


Frederick  T.  Frelinghuysen,  Newark. 


William  W.  Phelps,  Englewood. 
Marcus  L.  Ward,  Newark. 
Isaac  W.  Scudder,  Jersey  City. 


Reuben  E.  Fen  ton,  Jamestown. 


James  S.  Smart,  Cambridge. 
Robert  S.  Hale,  Elizabethtown. 
William  A.  Wheeler,  Malone. 
Henry  H.  Hathorn,  Saratoga  Springs. 
David  Wilber,  Milford. 
Clinton  L.  Merriam.  Locust  Grove. 
Ellis  H.  Roberts,  Utica. 
William  E.  Lansing,  Chittenango. 
R.  Holland  Duell,  Cortland. 
Clinton  D.  MacDougall,  Auburn. 
William  H.  Lamport,  Canandaigua. 
Thomas  C.  Platt,  Owego. 
H.  Boardman  Smith,  Elmira. 
Freeman  Clarke,  Rochester. 
George  G.  Hoskins,  Attica. 
Lyman  K.  Bass,  Buffalo. 
Walter  L.  Sessions,  Panama. 
Lyman  Tremain,  Albany. 


NORTH   CAROLINA. 


Matt  W.  Ransom,  Weldon. 


SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


Clinton  L.  Cobb,  Elizabeth  City. 
Charles  R.  Thomas,  Newbern. 
Alfred  M.  Waddell,  Wilmington. 
William  A.  Smith,  Princeton. 


Augustus  S.  Merrimon,  Raleigh. 


James  M.  Leach,  Lexington. 
Thomas  S.  Ashe,  Wadesboro. 
William  M.  Robbins,  Statesville. 
Robert  B.  Vance,  Asheville. 


i  Resigned  July  1, 1874. 

*  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  Stewart  L. 
Woodford,  and  took  his  seat  December  7, 1874. 
»  Died  April  30, 1873. 


<  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  the  death  of  James 
Brooks,  and  took  his  seat  December  1/1873. 

&  Died  May  23,  1874. 

«  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  death  of  David  B.  Mel- 
lish, and  took  his  seat  December  7, 1874. 


270 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 


John  Sherman,  Mansfield. 


OHIO. 


SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


Milton  Sayler,  Cincinnati. 
Henry  B.  Banning,  Cincinnati. 
John  Q.  Smith,  Oakland. 
Lewis  B.  Gunckel,  Dayton. 
Charles  N.  Lamison,  Lima. 
Isaac  R.  Sherwood,  Bryan. 
Lawrence  T.  Neal,  Chillicothe. 
William  Lawrence,  Bellefontaine. 
James  W.  Robinson,  Marysville. 
Charles  Foster,  Fostoria. 
Hezekiah  S.  Bundy,  Wellston. 


Allen  G.  Thurman,  Columbus. 


Hugh  J.  Jewett,1  Columbus. 
William  E.  Finck,2  Somerset. 
Milton  I.  Southard,  Zanesville. 
John  Berry,  Upper  Sandusky. 
William  P.  Sprague,  McConnellsville. 
Lorenzo  Danford,  St.  Clairsville. 
Laurin  D.  Wood  worth,  Youngstown. 
James  Monroe,  Oberlin. 
James  A.  Garfield,  Hiram. 
Richard  C.  Parsons,  Cleveland. 


OREGON. 


SENATORS. 

James  K.  Kelly,  Portland.  John  H.  Mitchell,  Portland. 

REPRESENTATIVE. 

James  W.  Nesmith,3  Ricreal. 
PENNSYLVANIA. 


Simon  Cameron,  Harrisburg. 


SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


Samuel  J.  Randall,  Philadelphia. 
Charles  O'Neill,  Philadelphia. 
Leonard  Myers,  Philadelphia. 
William  D.  Kelley,  Philadelphia. 
Alfred  C.  Harmer,  German  town. 
James  S.  Biery,  Allentown. 
Washington  Townsend,  West  Chester. 
Hiester  Clymer,  Reading. 
A.  Herr  Smith,  Lancaster. 
John  W.  Killinger,  Lebanon. 
John  B.  Storm,  Stroudsburg. 
Lazarus  D.  Shoemaker,  Wilkes-Barre. 
James  D.  Strawbridge,  Danville. 
John  B.  Packer,  Sunbury. 


John  Scott,  Huntingdon. 


John  A.  Magee,  New  Bloomfield. 
John  Cessna,  Bedford. 
R.  Milton  Speer.  Huntingdon. 
Sobieski  Ross,  Coudersport. 
Carlton  B.  Curtis,  Erie. 
Hiram  L.  Richmond,  Meadville. 
Alexander  W.  Taylor,  Indiana. 
James  S.  Negley,  Pittsburgh. 
Ebenezer  McJunkin,4  Butler. 
John  M.  Thompson,5  Butler. 
William  S.  Moore,  Washington. 
Lemuel  Todd,  Carlisle. 
Glenni  W.  Scofield,  Warren. 
Charles  Albright,  Mauch  Chunk. 


RHODE   ISLAND. 

SENATORS. 

Henry  B.  Anthony,  Providence.  William  Sprague,  Providence. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

Benjamin  T.  Eames,  Providence.  James  M.  Pendleton,  Westerly. 


SOUTH   CAROLINA. 


SENATORS. 


Thomas  J.  Robertson,  Columbia. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


Joseph  H.  Rainey,  Georgetown. 
Alonzo  J.  Ransier,  Charleston. 
Robert  B.  Elliott,6  Columbia. 


John  J.  Patterson,  Columbia. 


Lewis  C.  Carpenter,7  Columbia. 
Alexander  S.  Wallace,  Yorkville. 
Richard  H.  Cain,  Columbia. 


1  Resigned  June  23, 1874. 

2  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  Hugh  J. 
Jewett,  and  took  his  seat  December  7, 1874. 

3  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  death  of  J.  G.  Wilson,  in 
1873,  having  never  taken  his  seat. 

<  Resigned  January  1, 1875. 


•  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  Ebenezer 
McJunkin,  and  took  his  seat  January.  5  1875. 

6  Resigned  in  November,  1874. 

7  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  Robert  B. 
Elliott,  and  took  his  seat  December  7, 1874. 


FORTY-THIRD   CONGRESS. 


271 


TENNESSEE. 


SENATORS. 


William  G.  Brownlow,  Knoxville. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


Roderick  R.  Butler,  Taylorsville. 
Jacob  M.  Thornburgh,  Knoxville. 
William  Crutchfield,  Chattanooga, 
John  M.  Bright,  Fayetteville. 
Horace  H.  Harrison,  Nashville. 


TEXAS. 


SENATORS. 


James  W.  Flanagan,  Flanagans  Mills. 


Henry  Cooper,  Nashville. 


Washington  C.  Whitthorne,  Columbia. 
John  D.  C.  Atkins,  Paris. 
David  A.  Nunn,  Brownsville. 
Barbour  Lewis,  Memphis. 
Horace  Maynard,  Knoxville. 


Morgan  C.  Hamilton,  Austin. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


William  S.  Herndon,  Tyler. 
William  P.  McLean,  Mount  Pleasant. 
De  Witt  C.  Giddings,  Brenham. 


John  Hancock,  Austin. 
Roger  Q.  Mills,  Corsicana. 
Asa  H.  Willie,  Galveston. 


VERMONT. 


SENATORS. 

George  F.  Edmunds,  Burlington.  Justin  S.  Morrill,  Strafford. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

George  W.  Hendee,  Morrisville. 


Charles  W.  Willard,  Montpelier. 
Luke  P.  Poland,  St.  Johnsbury. 


John  W.  Johnston,  Abingdon. 


VIRGINIA. 


SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


James  B.  Sener,  Fredericksburg. 
James  H.  Platt,  jr.,  Norfolk. 
J.  Ambler  Smith,  Richmond. 
William  H.  H.  Stowell,  Burkeville. 
Alexander  M.  Davis,1  Independence. 


John  F.  Lewis,  Port  Republic. 


Christopher  Y.  Thomas,2  Martinsville. 
Thomas  Whitehead,  Amherst. 
John  T.  Harris,  Harrisonburg. 
Eppa  Hunton,  Warrenton. 
Rees  T.  Bowen,  Maiden  Spring. 


WEST   VIRGINIA. 


SENATORS. 


Arthur  I.  Boreman,  Parkersburg. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


John  J.  Davis,3  Clarksburg. 
John  M.  Hagans,4  Morgantown. 


WISCONSIN. 


SENATORS. 


Timothy  O.  Howe,  Green  Bay. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


Charles  G.  Williams,  Janesville. 
Gerry  W.  Hazelton,  Columbus. 
J.  Allen  Barber,  Lancaster. 
Alexander  Mitchell,  Milwaukee. 


Henry  G.  Davis,  Piedmont. 


Frank  Hereford,  Union. 


Matthew  H.  Carpenter,  Milwaukee. 


Charles  A.  Eldridge,  Fond  du  Lac. 
Philetus  Sawyer,  Oshkosh. 
Jeremiah  M.  Rusk,  Viroqua. 
Alexander  S.  McDill,  Plover. 


1  Served  until  March  5,  1874;  succeeded  by  Christopher  Y.         3  Election  unsuccessfully  contested  by  Benjamin  Wilson 


Thomas,  who  contested  his  election. 


took  his  seat  January  27,  1874. 


2  Successfully  contested  the  election  of  Alexander  M.  Davis,         4  Election  unsuccessfully  contested  by  Benjamin  F.  Martin 


and  took  his  seat  March  5, 1874. 


took  his  seat  January  27, 1874. 


272  CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 

TERRITORY  OF  ARIZONA. 

DELEGATE. 

Richard  C.  McCormick,  Tucson. 
TERRITORY  OF  COLORADO. 

DELEGATE. 

Jerome  B.  Chaffee,  Denver. 
TERRITORY  OF  DAKOTA. 

DELEGATE. 

Moses  K.  Armstrong,  Yankton. 
DISTRICT  OF  COLUMBIA.1 

DELEGATE. 

Norton  P.  Chipman,  Washington.  2 
TERRITORY  OF  IDAHO. 

DELEGATE. 

John  Hailey,  Boise  City. 

TERRITORY  OF  MONTANA. 

» 

DELEGATE. 

Martin  Maginnis,  Helena. 
TERRITORY  OF   NEW  MEXICO. 

DELEGATE. 

Stephen  B.  Elkins,  Santa  Fe. 
TERRITORY  OF  UTAH. 

DELEGATE. 

George  Q.  Cannon,3  Salt  Lake  City. 
TERRITORY  OF  WASHINGTON. 

DELEGATE. 

Obadiah  B.  McFadden,  Olympia. 
TERRITORY  OF  WYOMING. 

DELEGATE. 

William  R.  Steele,  Cheyenne. 

i  Territorial  form  of  government  withdrawn  and  a  govern-  2  Served  until  June  20,  1874.  when  the  territorial  form  of 

ment  administered  by  a  board  of  three  commissioners,  ap-  government  for  the  District  of  Columbia  was  superceded  by 

pointed  by  the  President,  by  and  with  the  advice  and  con-  a  commission  form  of  government, 

sent  of  the  Senate,  established  by  Act  of  June  20, 1874.  s  Election  unsuccessfully  contested  by  George  R.  Maxwell. 


FORTY-FOURTH  CONGRESS. 


MARCH  4,  1875,  TO  MARCH  3,  1877. 


FIRST  SESSION— December  6.  1875,  to  August  15,  1876.  SECOND  SESSION— December 
4,  1876,  to  March  3,  1877.  SPECIAL  SESSION  OP  THE  SENATE— March  5,  1875,  to 
March  24,  1875. 


VICE  PRESIDENT 
W.  Ferry,2  of  Michigan. 


PEESIDENT  OF  THE  SENATE  PRO  TEMPOEE— Thomas 


SECRETARY  OF  THE  SENATE — George  C.  Gorham,  of  California. 
SPEAKERS  OF  THE  HOUSE— Michael  C.  Kerr,3  of  Indiana;  Samuel  J.  Randall,4  of  Pennsyl- 
vania.    CLERK  OF  THE  HOUSE — George  M.  Adams,5  of  Kentucky. 


George  E.  Spencer,  Decatur. 


ALABAMA. 

SENATORS. 
REPRESENTATIVES. 


Jere  Ilaralson,6  Selma. 
Jeremiah  N.  Williams,  Clayton. 
Taul  Bradford,  Talladega. 
Charles  Hays,  Haysville. 


ARKANSAS. 

SENATORS. 


Powell  Clayton,  Little  Rock. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


Lucien  C.  Gause,  Jacksonport. 
William  F.  Slemons,  Monticello. 


George  Goldthwaite,  Montgomery. 


John  H.  Caldwell,  Jacksonville. 
Goldsmith  W.  Hewitt,  Birmingham. 
William  H.  Forney,  Jacksonville. 
Burwell  B.  Lewis,  Tuscaloosa. 


Stephen  W.  Dorsey,  Helena. 


William  W.  Wilshire,  Little  Rock. 
Thomas  M.  Gunter,  Favetteville. 


CALIFORNIA. 

SENATORS. 

Aaron  A.  Sargent,  Nevada  City.  Newton  Booth,  Sacramento. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 


William  A.  Piper,  San  Francisco. 
Horace  Francis  Page,  Placerville. 


John  K.  Luttrell,  Santa  Rosa. 
Peter  D.  Wigginton,  Merced. 


COLORADO.7 


SENATORS. 

Jerome  B.  Chaffee,8  Denver.  Henry  M.  Teller,9  Central  City. 

REPRESENTATIVE. 

James  B.  Belford,10  Central  City. 


i  Vice  President  Henry  Wilson  died  in  preceding  Congress. 

*  Elected  March  9, 1875;  March  19, 1875  (special  session  of  the 
Senate);  December  20,  1875. 

*Died  August  19, 1876. 

*  Elected  December  4, 1876. 

*  Elected  December  6,  1875. 

•Election  unsuccessfully  contested  by  Frederick  G.  Brom- 
berg. 


50346°— S.  Doc.  654,  61-2- 


-18 


7  Admitted  as  a  State  into  the  Union  August  1, 1876. 

8  Took  his  seat  December1 4, 1876;  term  to  expire,  as  deter- 
mined by  lot,  March  3,  1879. 

9  Took  his  seat  December  4, 1876;  term  to  expire,  as  deter- 
mined by  lot,  March  3, 1877. 

10  Took  his  seat  January  31, 1877. 


273 


274 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIEECTORY. 


William  W.  Eaton,  Hartford. 


CONNECTICUT. 


SENATORS. 


Orris  S.  Ferry,1  Norwalk. 
James  E.  English,2  New  Haven. 
William  H.  Barnum,3  Lime  Rock. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 

George  M.  Landers,  New  Britain.  John  Turner  Wait,5  Norwich. 


James  Phelps,  Essex. 

Henry  H.  Starkweather,4  Norwich. 


William  H.  Barnum,6  Lime  Rock. 
Levi  Warner,7  Norwalk. 


DELAWARE. 

SENATORS. 

Thomas  F.  Bayard,  Wilmington.  Eli  Saulsbury,  Dover. 

REPRESENTATIVE . 

James  Williams,  Kenton, 
FLORIDA. 


SENATORS. 

Simon  B.  Conover,  Tallahassee. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

William  J.  Purman,  Tallahassee. 

GEORGIA. 

SENATORS. 

Thomas  M.  Norwood,  Savannah. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

Julian  Hartridge,  Savannah. 
William  E.  Smith,  Albany. 
Philip  Cook,  Americus. 
Henry  R.  Harris,  Greenville. 
Milton  A.  Candler,  Atlanta. 


John  A.  Logan,  Chicago. 


ILLINOIS 


SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


Bernard  G.  Caulfield,  Chicago. 
Carter  H.  Harrison,  Chicago. 
Charles  B.  Far  well,11  Chicago. 
John  V.  Le  Moyne,12  Chicago. 
Stephen  A.  Hurlbut,  Belvidere. 
Horatio  C.  Burchard,  Freeport. 
Thomas  J.  Henderson,  Princeton 
Alexander  Campbell,  LaSalle. 
Greenbury  L.  Fort,  Lacon. 
Richard  H.  Whiting,  Peoria. 


INDIANA. 


SENATORS. 


Oliver  P.  Morton,  Indianapolis. 

REPRESENTATI1 

Benoni  S.  Fuller.  Boonville. 
James  D.  Williams,13  Wheatland. 
Andrew  Humphreys,14  Linton. 
Michael  C.  Kerr,15  New  Albany 
Nathan  T.  Carr,16  Columbus. 
Jeptha  D.  New,  Vernon. 
William  S.  Holman,  Aurora. 
Milton  S.  Robinson,  Anderson. 


Charles  W.  Jones,  Pensacola. 


Josiah  T.  Walls,8  Gainesville. 
Jesse  J.  Finley,9  Jacksonville. 


John  B.  Gordon,  Atlanta. 

James  H.  Blount,  Macon. 
William  H.  Felton,  Cartersville. 
Alexander  H.  Stephens,  Crawfordsville. 
Benjamin  H.  Hill,10  Atlanta. 


Richard  J.  Oglesby,  Decatur. 

John  C.  Bagby,  Rushville. 
Scott  Wike,  Pittsfield. 
William  M.  Springer,  Springfield. 
Adlai  E.  Stevenson,  Bloomington. 
Joseph  G.  Cannon,  Danville. 
John  R.  Eden,  Sullivan. 
William  A.  J.  Sparks,  Carlyle. 
William  R.  Morrison,  Waterloo. 
William  Hartzell,  Chester. 
William  B.  Anderson,  Elk  Prairie. 


Joseph  E.  McDonald,  Indianapolis. 

Franklin  Landers,  Indianapolis. 
Morton  C.  Hunter,  Bloomington. 
Thomas  J.  Cason,  Lebanon.  _ 
William  S.  Haymond,  Monticello. 
James  L.  Evans,  Noblesville. 
Andrew  H.  Hamilton,  Fort  Wayne. 
John  H.  Baker,  Goshen. 


J  Died  November  21,  1875. 

2 Appointed  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  death  of  Orris  S. 
Ferry,  and  took  his  seat  December  7,  1875. 

s  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  death  of  Orris  S.  Ferry, 
and  took  his  seat  May  22,  1876. 

<  Died  January  28,  1876. 

6  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  death  of  Henry  H.  Stark- 
weather, and  took  his  seat  April  12,  1876. 

6  Resigned  May  12, 1876,  having  been  elected  Senator. 

i  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  William  H. 
Barnum,  and  took  his  seat  December  4, 1876. 

8  Served  until  April  19, 1876;  suceeeeded  by  Jesse  J.  Finley, 
who  contested  his  election. 

9  Successfully  contested  the  election  of  Josiah  T.  Walls,  and 
took  his  seat  April  19, 1876. 


w  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  death  of  Garnett  McMillan 
before  the  convening  of  the  Congress. 

11  Served  until  May  6, 1876;  succeeded  by  John  V.  Le  Moyne, 
who  contested  his  election. 

12  Successfully  contested  the  election  of  Charles  B.  Farwell, 
and  took  his  seat  May  6, 1876. 

13  Resigned  December  1, 1876,  having  been  elected  governor 
of  Indiana. 

n  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  James  D. 
Williams,  and  took  his  seat  December  5, 1876. 

15  Died  August  19;  1876. 

16  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  death  of  Michael  C.  Kerr, 
and  took  his  seat  December  5,  1876. 


FORTY-FOURTH   CONGRESS. 


275 


William  B.  Allison,  Dubuque. 


IOWA. 

SENATORS. 
REPRESENTATIVES . 


George  W.  McCrary,  Keokuk. 
John  Q.  Tufts,  Wilton  Junction. 
Lucien  L.  Ainsworth,  West  Union. 
Henry  O.  Pratt,  Charles  City. 
James  Wilson,  Traer. 


John  J.  Ingalls,  Atchison. 


William  A.  Phillips,  Salina. 
John  R.  Goodin,  Humboldt. 


KANSAS. 

SENATORS. 
REPRESENTATIVES. 

KENTUCKY. 

SENATORS. 


John  W.  Stevenson,  Covington. 


REPRESENTATIVES . 


Andrew  R.  Boone,  Mayfield. 
John  Y.  Brown,  Henderson. 
Charles  W.  Milliken,  Franklin. 
J.  Proctor  Knott,  Lebanon. 
Edward  Y.  Parsons,1  Louisville. 
Henry  Watterson,2  Louisville. 


LOUISIANA. 

SENATORS. 


J.  Rodman  West,  New  Orleans. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


Randall  L.  Gibson,  New  Orleans. 
E.  John  Ellis,  New  Orleans. 
Chester  B.  Darrall,4  Brashear. 
William  M.  Levy,  Natchitoches. 


Hannibal  Hamlin,  Bangor. 


MAINE. 

SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


John  H.  Burleigh,  South  Berwick. 
William  P.  Frye,  Lewiston. 
James  G.  Elaine,9  Augusta. 


MARYLAND. 


SENATORS. 


George  R.  Dennis,  Kingston. 


REPRESENTATIVES . 


Philip  F.  Thomas,  Easton. 
Charles  B.  Roberts,  Westminster. 
William  J.  O'Brien,  Baltimore. 


George  G.  Wright,  Des  Moinea. 


Ezekiel  S.  Sampson,  Sigpurney. 
John  A.  Kasson,  Des  Moines. 
James  Wilson  McDill,  Afton. 
Addison  Oliver,  Onawa. 


James  M.  Harvey,  Vinton. 
William  R.  Brown,  Hutchinson. 

Thomas  C.  McCreery,  Owensboro. 


Thomas  L.  Jones,  Newport. 
Joseph  C.  S.  Blackburn,  Versailles. 
Milton  J.  Durham,  Danville. 
John  D.  White,  Manchester. 
John  B.  Clarke,  Brooksville. 


James  B.  Eustis,3  New  Orleans. 


Frank  Morey,5  Monroe. 
William  B.  Spencer,6  Vidalia. 
Charles  E.  Nash,  Washington. 


Lot  M.  Morrill,7  Augusta. 
James  G.  Elaine,8  Augusta. 


Edwin  Flye,10  New  Castle. 
Harris  M.  Plaisted,  Bangor. 
Eugene  Hale,  Ellsworth. 


William  Pinkney  Whyte,  Baltimore. 


Thomas  Swann,  Baltimore. 
Eli  J.  Henkle,  Brooklyn. 
William  Walsh,  Cumberland. 


1  Died  July  8, 1876. 

2  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  death  of  Edward  Y.  Par- 
sons, and  took  his  seat  August  12, 1876. 

3  While  it  is  true  that  Mr.  Eustis  and  no  other  claimant 
occupied  this  seat  during  the  Forty-fourth  Congress,  when 
the  rights  of  Mr.  Eustis  were  finally  determined,  December 
10,  1877  (in  the  succeeding  Congress),  his  term  of  service  was 
held  to  have  commenced  January  12,  1876 — the  day  upon 
which  his  credentials  were  signed — and  he  was  allowed  com- 
pensation from  that  date;  he  actually  took  his  seat  December 
10, 1877. 

4  Election  unsuccessfully  contested  by  J.  A.  Breux. 


&  Served  until  June  8,  1876;  succeeded  by  William  B.  Spen- 
cer, who  contested  his  election. 

6  Successfully  contested  the  election  of  Frank  Morey ,  and  took 
his  seat  June  8, 1876;  resigned  January  8,  1877. 

7  Resigned  July  7, 1876,  having  been  appointed  Secretary  of 
the  Treasury. 

8  Appointed  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  the  resignation  of  Lot 
M.  Morrill,  and  took  his  seat  December  4, 1876;  subsequently 
elected. 

s  Resigned  July  10,  1876. 

10  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  James  G. 
Elaine,  and  took  his  seat  December  4, 1876. 


276 


CONGRESSIONAL,  DIRECTORY. 


MASSACHUSETTS. 


George  S.  Boutwell,  Groton. 


SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES . 


James  Buffinton,1  Fall  River. 
William  W.  Crapo,2  New  Bedford. 
Benjamin  W.  Harris,  East  Bridgewater. 
Henry  L.  Pierce,  Boston. 
Rufus  S.  Frost,3  Chelsea. 
Josiah  G.  Abbott,4  Boston. 
Nathaniel  P.  Banks,  Waltham. 

MICHIGAN. 

SENATORS. 

Thomas  W.  Ferry,  Grand  Haven. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

Alpheus  S.  Williams,  Detroit. 
Henry  Waldron,  Hillsdale. 
George  Willard,  Battle  Creek. 
Allen  Potter,  Kalamazoo. 
William  B.  Williams,  Allegan. 


William  Windom,  Winona. 

Mark  H.  Dunnell,  Owatonna. 
Horace  B.  Strait,6  Shakopee. 


James  L.  Alcorn,  Friars  Point. 

Lucius  Q.  C.  Lamar,  Oxford. 
G.  Wiley  Wells,  Holly  Springs. 
Hernando  D.  Money,  Winona. 


MINNESOTA. 

SENATORS. 
REPRESENTATIVES. 

MISSISSIPPI. 

SENATORS. 
REPRESENTATIVES . 


MISSOURI, 


SENATORS. 


Lewis  V.  Bogy,  St.  Louis. 

REPRESENTATIVES . 

Edward  C.  Kehr,  St.  Louis. 
Erastus  Wells,  St.  Louis. 
William  H.  Stone,  St.  Louis. 
Robert  A.  Hatcher,  New  Madrid. 
Richard  P.  Bland,  Lebanon. 
Charles  H.  Morgan,  Lamar. 
John  F.  Philips,  Sedalia. 

NEBRASKA. 


Henry  L.  Dawes,  Pittsfield. 

Charles  P.  Thompson,  Gloucester. 
John  K.  Tarbox,  Lawrence. 
William  W.  Warren,  Boston. 
George  F.  Hoar,  Worcester. 
Julius  H.  Seelye,  Amherst. 
Chester  W.  Chapin,  Springfield. 


Isaac  P.  Christiancy,  Lansing. 

George  H.  Durand,  Flint. 
Omar  D.  Conger,  Port  Huron. 
Nathan  B.  Bradley,  Bay  City. 
Jay  A.  Hubbell,  Houghton. 


Samuel  J.  R.  McMillan,  St.  Paul. 
William  S.  King,  Minneapolis. 

Blanche  K.  Bruce,  Floreyville. 


Otho  R.  Singleton,  Canton. 
Charles  E.  Hooker,  Jackson. 
John  R.  Lynch,  Natchez. 


Francis  M.  Cockrell,  Warrensburg. 

Benjamin  J.  Franklin,  Kansas  City. 
David  Rea,  Savannah. 
Rezin  A.  De  Bolt,  Trenton. 
John  B.  Clark,  jr.,  Fayette. 
John  M.  Glover,  La  Grange. 
Aylett  H.  Buckner,  Mexico. 


SENATORS. 
Phineas  W.  Hitchcock,  Omaha.  Algernon  S.  Paddock,  Beatrice. 

REPRESENTATIVE. 

Lorenzo  Crounse,  Fort  Calhoun. 
NEVADA.      . 

SENATORS. 

John  P.  Jones,  Gold  Hill.  William  Sharon,  Virginia  City. 

REPRESENTATIVE. 

William  Woodburn,  Virginia  City. 


i  Died  March  7, 1875,  before  the  convening  of  Congress. 

a  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  death  of  James  Bufflnton, 
and  took  his  seat  December  6, 1875. 

s  Served  until  July  28, 1876;  succeeded  by  Josiah  G.  Abbott, 
who  contested  his  election. 


4  Successfully  contested  the  election  of  Rufus  S.  Frost,  ana 
took  his  seat  July  28,  1876. 
6  Election  unsuccessfully  contested  by  E.  St.  Julien  Cox. 


FORTY-FOURTH   CONGRESS. 


277 


NEW  HAMPSHIRE . 


SENATORS. 

Aaron  H.  Cragin,  Lebanon.  Bainbridge  Wadleigh,  Milford. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

Frank  Jones,  Portsmouth. 
Samuel  N.  Bell,  Manchester. 


Henry  W.  Blair,  Plymouth. 


NEW  JERSEY. 

SENATORS. 

Frederick  T.  Frelinghuysen,  Newark.  Theodore  F.  Randolph,  Morristown. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 


Clement  H.  Sinnickson,  Salem. 
Samuel  A.  Dobbins,  Mount  Holly. 
Miles  Ross,  New  Brunswick. 
Robert  Hamilton,  Newton. 


Roscoe  Conkling,  Utica. 


NEW  YORK. 


SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


Henry  B.  Metcalfe,  Westfield. 
John  G.  Schumaker,  Brooklyn. 
Simeon  B.  Chittenden,  Brooklyn. 
Archibald  M.  Bliss,  Brooklyn. 
Edwin  R.  Meade,  New  York. 
Samuel  S.  Cox,  New  York. 
Smith  Ely,  jr.,1  New  York. 
David  Dudley  Field,2  New  York. 
Elijah  Ward,  New  York. 
Fernando  Wood,  New  York. 
Abram  S.  Hewitt,  New  York. 
Benjamin  A.  Willis,  New  York. 
N.  Holmes  Odell,  White  Plains. 
John  O.  Whitehouse,  Poughkeepsie. 
George  M.  Beebe,  Monticello. 
John  H.  Bagley,  jr.,  Catskill. 
Charles  H.  Adams,  Cohoes. 


Augustus  W.  Cutler,  Morristown. 
Frederick  H.  Teese,  Newark. 
Augustus  A.  Hardenbergh,  Jersey  City. 


Francis  Kernan,  Utica. 


Martin  I.  Townsend,  Troy. 
Andrew  Williams,  Plattsburg. 
William  A.  Wheeler,  Malone. 
Henry  H.  Hathorn,  Saratoga  Springs. 
Samuel  F.  Miller,  North  Franklin. 
George  A.  Bagley,  Watertown. 
Scott  Lord,  Utica. 
William  H.  Baker,  Constantia. 
Elias  W.  Leavenworth,  Syracuse. 
Clinton  D.  MacDougall,  Auburn. 
Elbridge  G.  Lapham,  Canandaigua. 
Thomas  C.  Platt,  Owego. 
Charles  C.  B.  Walker,  Corning. 
John  M.  Davy,  Rochester. 
George  G.  Hoskins,  Attica. 
Lyman  K.  Bass,  Buffalo. 
Nelson  I.  Norton,3  Hinsdale. 


NORTH  CAROLINA. 

SENATORS. 


Matt  W.  Ransom,  Weldon. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


Jesse  J.  Yeates,  Murfreesboro. 
John  A.  Hyman,  Warrenton. 
Alfred  M.  Waddell,  Wilmington. 
Joseph  J.  Davis,  Louisburg. 


John  Sherman,  Mansfield. 


OHIO. 


SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


Milton  Sayler,  Cincinnati. 
Henry  B.  Banning,  Cincinnati. 
John  S.  Savage,  Wilmington. 
John  A.  McMahon,  Dayton. 
Americus  V.  Rice,  Ottawa. 
Frank  H.  Hurd,  Toledo. 
Lawrence  T.  Neal,  Chillicothe. 
William  Lawrence,  Bellefontaine. 
Early  F.  Poppleton,  Delaware. 
Charles  Foster,  Fostoria. 


Augustus  S.  Merrimon,  Raleigh. 


Alfred  M.  Scales,  Greensboro. 
Thomas  S.  Ashe,  Wadesboro. 
William  M.  Robbins,  Statesville. 
Robert  B.  Vance,  Asheville. 


Allen  G.  Thurman,  Columbus. 

John  L.  Vance,  Gallipolis. 
Ansel  T.  Walling,  Circleville. 
Milton  I.  Southard,  Zanesville. 
Jacob  P.  Cowan,  Ashland. 
Nelson  H.  Van  Vorhes,  Athens. 
Lorenzo  Danford,  St.  Clairsville. 
Laurin  D.  Wood  worth,  Youngstown. 
James  Monroe,  Oberlin. 
James  A.  Garfield,  Hiram. 
Henry  B.  Payne,  Cleveland. 


1  Resigned  December  11, 1876,  having  been  elected  mayor  of 
New  York  City. 

*  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  Smith  Ely, 
jr.,  and  took  his  seat  January  11, 1877. 


3  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  death  of  Augustus  F. 
Allen  (3  anuary  22, 1875)  in  preceding  Congress,  and  took  his  seat 
December  6, 1875. 


278 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIEECTORY. 


OREGON. 

SENATORS. 

James  K.  Kelly,  Portland.  John  H.  Mitchell,  Portland. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

George  A.  La  Dow,1  Pendleton.  La  Fayette  Lane,2  Roseburg. 


PENNSYLVANIA. 


Simon  Cameron,  Harrisburg. 


SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


Chapman  Freeman,  Philadelphia. 
Charles  O'Neill,  Philadelphia. 
Samuel  J.  Randall,  Philadelphia. 
William  D.  Kelley,  Philadelphia. 
John  Robbins,  Philadelphia. 
Washington  Townsend,  West  Chester. 
Alan  Wood,  jr.,  Conshohocken. 
Hiester  Clymer,  Reading. 
A.  Herr  Smith,  Lancaster. 
William  Mutchler,  Easton. 
Francis  D.  Collins,  Scranton. 
Winthrop  W.  Ketchum,3  Wilkes-Barre. 
William  H.  Stanton,4  Scranton. 
James  B.  Reilly,  Pottsville. 


William  A.  Wallace,  Clearfield. 


John  B.  Packer,  Sunbury. 

Joseph  Powell,  Towanda. 

Sobieski  Ross,  Coudersport. 

John  Reilly,  Altoona. 

William  S.  Stenger,  Chambersburg. 

Levi  Maish,  York. 

Levi  A.  Mackey,  Lockhaven. 

Jacob  Turney,  Greensburg, 

James  H.  Hopkins,  Pittsburgh. 

Alexander  G.  Cochrane,  Allegheny  City. 

John  W.  Wallace,  New  Castle. 

George  A.  Jenks,  Brookville. 

James  Sheakley,  Greenville. 

Albert  G.  Egbert,  Franklin. 


RHODE    ISLAND. 

SENATORS. 

Henry  B.  Anthony,  Providence.  Ambrose  E.  Burnside,  Providence. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

Benjamin  T.  Eames,  Providence.  Latimer  W.  Ballou,  Woonsocket. 

SOUTH  CAROLINA. 


SENATORS. 


Thomas  J.  Robertson,  Columbia. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


Joseph  H.  Rainey,5  Georgetown. 
Edmund  W.  M.  Mackey,6  Charleston. 
Charles  W.  Buttz,7  Charleston. 


TENNESSEE. 


SENATORS. 


Henry  Cooper,  Nashville. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


William  McFarland,  Morristown. 
Jacob  M.  Thornburgh,  Knoxville. 
George  G.  Dibrell,  Sparta. 
John  W.  Head,11  Gallatin. 
Samuel  M.  Fite,12  Carthage. 
Hay  wood  Y.  Riddle,13  Lebanon. 
John  M.  Bright,  Fayetteville. 


John  J.  Patterson,  Charleston. 


Solomon  L.  Hoge,  Columbia. 
Alexander  S.  Wallace,  Yorkville. 
Robert  Smalls,  Beaufort. 


Andrew  Johnson,8  Greenville. 
David  M.  Key,9  Chattanooga. 
James  E.  Bailey,10  Clarksville. 


John  F.  House,  Clarksville. 
Washington  C.  Whitthorne,  Columbia. 
John  D.  C.  Atkins,  Paris. 
William  P.  Caldwell,  Gardner. 
Casey  Young,  Memphis. 


1  Died  May  8, 1875,  before  the  convening  of  the  Congress. 

2  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  death  of  George  A.  La  Dow, 
and  took  his  seat  December  6, 1875. 

3  Resigned  July  19, 1876. 

«  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  Winthrop 
W.  Ketchum,  and  took  his  seat  December,  4, 1876. 

BElection  unsuccessfully  contested  by  Samuel  Lee. 

6  Election  contested  by  Charles  W.  Buttz;  seat  declared 
vacant  by  resolution  of  July  19, 1876. 

i  Contested  the  election  of  Edmund  W.  M.  Mackey;  by 
resolution  July  19,  1876,  House  declared  neither  contestant 
nor  contestee  duly  elected  and  the  seat  to  be  vacant;  subse- 
quently elected,  and  took  his  seat  January  23, 1877. 


8  Died  July  31, 1875. 

»  Appointed  to  fill  vacancy  caused  bydeath  of  Andrew  John- 
son, and  took  his  seat  December  6, 1875. 

10  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  death  of  Andrew  Johnson, 
and  took  his  seat  January  29, 1877. 

11  Died  May  3, 1875,  be'fore  the  convening  of  the  Congress. 

12  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  death,  of  John  W.  Head; 
died  October  23,  1875,  before  the  convening  of  Congress. 

13  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  death  of  Samuel  M.  Fite, 
and  took  his  seat  January  5, 1876. 


FORTY-FOURTH   CONGRESS. 


279 


TEXAS. 

SENATORS. 

Morgan  C.  Hamilton,  Austin.  Samuel  B.  Maxey,  Paris. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 


John  H.  Reagan,  Palestine. 
David  B.  Culberson,  Jefferson. 
James  W.  Throckmorton,  McKinney. 


Roger  Q.  Mills,  Corsicana. 
John  Hancock,  Austin. 
Gustave  Schleicher,  Cuero. 


VERMONT. 

SENATORS. 

George  F.  Edmunds,  Burlington.  Justin  S.  Morrill,  Strafford. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

Charles  H.  Joyce,  Rutland.  George  W.  Hendee,  Morrisville. 

Dudley  C.  Denison,  Royalton. 

VIRGINIA. 

SENATORS. 

John  W.  Johnston,  Abingdon.  Robert  E.  Withers,  Wytheville. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 


Beverly  B.  Douglas,  Ayletts. 
John  Goode,  jr./  Norfolk. 
Gilbert  C.  Walker,  Richmond. 
William  H.  H.  Stowell,  Burkeville. 
George  C.  Cabell,  Danville. 


John  R.  Tucker,  Lexington. 
John  T.  Harris,  Harrisonburg. 
Eppa  Hun  ton,  Warrenton. 
William  Terry,  Wytheville. 


WEST  VIRGINIA. 

SENATORS. 


Henry  G.  Davis,  Piedmont. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


Benjamin  Wilson,  Wilsonburg. 
Charles  J.  Faulkner,  Martinsburg. 


Allen  T.  Caperton,2  Union. 
Samuel  Price,3  Lewisburg. 
Frank  Hereford,4  Union. 


Frank  Hereford,5  Union. 


WISCONSIN. 

SENATORS. 

Timothy  O.  Howe,  Green  Bay.  Angus  Cameron,  La  Crosse. 

REPRESENTATIVES 


Charles  G.  Williams,  Janesville. 
Lucien  B.  Caswell,  Fort  Atkinson. 
Henry  S.  Magoon,  Darlington. 
William  P.  Lynde,  Milwaukee. 


Samuel  D.  Burchard,  Beaver  Dam. 
Alanson  M.  Kimball,  Pjne  River. 
Jeremiah  M.  Rusk,  Viroqua. 
George  W.  Gate,  Stevens  Point. 


TERRITORY  OF  ARIZONA. 

DELEGATE. 

Hiram  S.  Stevens,  Tucson. 
TERRITORY  OF  COLORADO.6 

DELEGATE. 

Thomas  M.  Patterson,  Denver. 
TERRITORY  OF  DAKOTA. 

DELEGATE. 

Jefferson  P.  Kidder,  Vermilion. 


1  Election  unsuccessfully  contested  by  James  H.  Platt,  jr. 

2  Died  July  26,  1876. 

3  Appointed  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  death  of  Allen  T. 
Caperton,  and  took  his  seat  December  4,  1876. 


«  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  death  of  Allen  T.  Caperton 
and  took  his  seat  January  31  ,  1877. 

6  Resigned  January  31,  1877,  having  been  elected  Senator. 
6  Elevated  to  statehood  August  1,  1876. 


280  CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 

TERRITORY  OF  IDAHO. 

DELEGATES. 

Thomas  W.  Bennett,1  Boise  City.  Stephen  S.  Fenn,2  Mount  Idaho. 

TERRITORY  OF  MONTANA. 

DELEGATE. 

Martin  Maginnis,  Helena. 
TERRITORY  OF  NEW  MEXICO. 

DELEGATE. 

Stephen  B.  Elkins,  Santa  F6. 
TERRITORY  OF  UTAH. 

DELEGATE. 

George  Q.  Cannon,  Salt  Lake  City. 
TERRITORY  OF  WASHINGTON. 

DELEGATE. 

Orange  Jacobs,  Seattle. 
TERRITORY  OF  WYOMING. 

DELEGATE. 

William  R.  Steele,  Cheyenne.  > 

»  Served  until  June  23, 1876;  succeeded  by  Stephen  S.  Fenn,         »  Successfully  contested  the  election  of  Thomas  W.  Bennett, 
who  contested  his  election.  and  took  his  seat  June  23, 1876. 


FORTY-FIFTH  CONGRESS. 


MARCH  4,  1877,  TO  MARCH  3,  1879. 


FIRST  SESSION— October  15,  1877,  to  December  3,  1877.  SECOND  SESSION— Decem- 
ber 3,  1877,  to  June  20,  1878.  THIRD  SESSION— December  2,  1878,  to  March  3,  1879. 
SPECIAL  SESSION  OF  THE  SENATE— March  5,  1877,  to  March  17,  1877. 


VICE  PRESIDENT— William  A.  Wheeler,  of  New  York.  PRESIDENT  OF  THE  SENATE  PEG 
TEMPORE— Thomas  W.  Ferry,1  of  Michigan.  SECRETARY  OF  THE  SENATE— George  C.  Gorham, 
of  California. 

SPEAKER  OF  THE  HOUSE— Samuel  J.  Randall,2  of  Pennsylvania.  CLERK  OF  THE  HOUSE— 
George  M.  Adams,  of  Kentucky. 

ALABAMA. 


George  E.  Spencei,  Pecatur. 


SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


James  T.  Jones,  Demopolis. 
Hilary  A.  Herbert,  Montgomery. 
Jeremiah  N.  Williams,  Clayton. 
Charles  M.  Shelley,  Selma. 


ARKANSAS. 


SENATORS. 


Stephen  W.  Dorsey,  Helena. 


John  T.  Morgan,  Selma. 

Robert  F.  Ligon,  Tuskegee. 
Goldsmith  W.  Hewitt,  Birmingham. 
William  H.  Forney,  Jacksonville. 
William  W.  Garth,  Huntsville. 


Augustus  H.  Garland,  Little  Rock. 


REPRESENTATIVES.  I'    ' 

Lucien  C.  Gause,  Jacksonport.  Jordan  E.  Cravens,  Clarksville. 

William  F.  Siemens,  Monticello.  Thomas  M.  Gunter,  Fayetteville. 

CALIFORNIA. 


SENATORS. 


Aaron  A.  Sargent,  Nevada  City. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


Horace  Davis,  San  Francisco. 
Horace  F.  Page,  Placerville. 
John  K.  Luttrell,  Santa  Rosa. 


Newton  Booth,  Sacramento. 

Romualdo  Pacheco,3  San  Luis  Obispo. 
Peter  D.  Wigginton,4  Merced. 


COLORADO. 

SENATORS. 

Jerome  B.  Chaffee,  Denver.  Henry  M.  Teller,  Central  City. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

James  B.  Belford,5  Central  City.  Thomas  M.  Patterson,6  Denver. 

1  Elected  March  5, 1877  (special  session);  February  26, 1878;         &  Served  until  December  13,  1877;  succeeded  by  Thomas  M. 
April  17,  1878;  and  March  3, 1879.  Patterson,  who  contested  his  election. 

2  Elected  October  15, 1877.  6  Successfully  contested  the  election  of  James  B.  Belford 
=  Served  until  February  7,  1878;  succeeded  by  Peter  D.      and  took  his  seat  December  13, 1877. 

Wigginton,  who  contested  his  election. 

<  Successfully  contested  the  election  of  Romualdo  Pacheco, 
End  took  his  seat  February  7,  1878. 

281 


282 


CONGRESSIONAL,  DIRECTORY. 
CONNECTICUT. 


SENATORS. 

William  W.  Eaton,  Hartford.  William  H.  Barnum,  Lime  Rock. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 


George  M.  Landers,  New  Britain. 
James  Phelps,  Essex. 


John  T.  Wait,  Norwich. 
Levi  Warner,  Norwalk. 


DELAWARE. 


SENATORS. 

Thomas  F.  Bayard,  Wilmington.  Eli  Saulsbury,  Dover. 

REPRESENTATIVE. 

James  Williams,  Kenton. 
FLORIDA. 

SENATORS. 

Simon  B.  Conover,  Tallahassee.  Charles  W.  Jones,  Pensacola. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


Horatio  Bisbee,1  jr.,  Jacksonville. 
Jesse  J.  Finley,2  Jacksonville. 


John  B.  Gordon,  Atlanta. 

Julian  Hartridge,3  Savannah. 
William  E.  Smith,  Albany. 
Philip  Cook,  Americus. 
Henry  R.  Harris,  Greenville. 
Milton  A.  Candler,  Atlanta. 


Richard  J.  Oglesby,  Decatur. 


GEORGIA. 


SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


ILLINOIS. 


SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


William  Aldrich,  Chicago. 
Carter  H.  Harrison,  Chicago. 
Lorenzo  Brentano,  Chicago. 
William  Lathrop,  Rockford. 
Horatio  C.  Burchard,  Freeport. 
Thomas  J.  Henderson,  Princeton. 
Philip  C.  Hayes,  Morris." 
Greenbury  L.  Fort,  Lacon. 
Thomas  A.  Boyd,  Lewiston. 
Benjamin  F.  Marsh,  Warsaw. 


Robert  H.  M.  Davidson,  Quincy. 


Benjamin  H.  Hill,  Atlanta. 

James  H.  Blount,  Macon. 
William  H.  Felton,  Cartersville. 
Alexander  H.  Stevens,  Crawford ville. 
Hiram  P.  Bell,  Gumming. 


David  Davis,  Bloomington. 

Robert  M.  Knapp,  Jersey  ville. 
William  M.  Springer,  Springfield. 
Thomas  F.  Tipton,  Bloomington. 
Joseph  G.  Cannon,  Danville. 
John  R.  Eden,  Sullivan. 
William  A.  J.  Sparks,  Carlyle. 
William  R.  Morrison,  Waterloo. 
William  Hartzell,  Chester. 
Richard  W.  Townshend,  Shawneetown. 


INDIANA. 


Oliver  P.  Morton,4  Indianapolis. 
Daniel  W.  Voorhees,5  Terre  Haute. 


SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


Benoni  S.  Fuller,  Boon  ville. 
Thomas  R.  Cobb,  Vincennes. 
George  A.  Bicknell,  New  Albany. 
Leonidas  Sexton,  Rushville. 
Thomas  M.  Browne,  Winchester. 
Milton  S.  Robinson,  Anderson. 
John  Hanna,  Indianapolis. 


Joseph  E.  McDonald,  Indianapolis. 


Morton  C.  Hunter,  Bloomington. 
Michael  D.  White,  Crawfordsville. 
William  H.  Calkins,  Laporte. 
James  L.  Evans,  Noblesville. 
Andrew  H.  Hamilton,  Fort  Wayne. 
John  H.  Baker,  Goshen. 


1  Served  until  February  20, 1879;  succeeded  by  Jesse  J.  Fin- 
ley,  who  contested  his  election. 

2  Successfully  contested  the  election  of  Horatio  Bisbee,  jr., 
and  took  his  seat  February  20,  1879. 

s  Died  January  8,  1879. 


*  Died  November  1,  1877. 

5  Appointed  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  death  of  Oliver  P. 
Morton,  and  took  his  seat  November  12,  1877;  subsequently 
elected. 


FORTY-FIFTH   CONGRESS. 
IOWA. 


283 


SENATORS. 


William  B.  Allison,  Dubuque. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


Joseph  C.  Stone,  Burlington. 
Hiram  Price,  Davenport, 
Theodore  W.  Burdick,  Decorah. 
Nathaniel  C.  Deering,  Osage. 
Rush  Clark,  Iowa  City. 


John  J.  Ingalls,  Atchison. 

William  A.  Phillips,  Salina. 
Dudley  C.  Haskell,  Lawrence. 


KANSAS. 

SENATORS. 
REPRESENTATIVES. 

KENTUCKY. 

SENATORS. 


Thomas  C.  McCreery,  Owensboro. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

Andrew  R.  Boone,  Mayfield. 
James  A.  McKenzie,  Long  View. 
John  W.  Caldwell,  Russellville. 
J.  Proctor  Knott,  Lebanon. 
Albert  S.  Willis,  Louisville. 

LOUISIANA. 


SENATORS. 


William  Pitt  Kellogg,1  New  Orleans. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


Randall  L.  Gibson,  New  Orleans. 
E.  John  Ellis,  New  Orleans. 
Joseph  H.  Acklen,3  Patterson  ville. 
Joseph  B.  Elam,4  Mansfield. 


MAINE. 


SENATORS. 

Hannibal  Hamlin,  Bangor. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

Thomas  B.  Reed,  Portland. 
William  P.  Frye,  Lewiston. 
Stephen  D.  Lindsey,  Norridgewock. 

.    ^__— -H~  MARYLAND. 


George  R.  Dennis,  Kingston. 


SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


Daniel  M.  Henry,  Cambridge. 
Charles  B.  Roberts,  Westminster. 
William  Kimmel,  Baltimore. 


Samuel  J.  Kirkwood,  Iowa  City. 


Ezekiel  S.  Sampson,  Sigourney. 
Henry  J.  B.  Cummings,  Winterset. 
William  F.  Sapp,  Council  Bluffs. 
Addison  Oliver,  Onawa. 


Preston  B.  Plumb,  Emporia. 
Thomas  Ryan,  Topeka. 

James  B.  Beck,  Lexington. 


John  G.  Carlisle,  Covington. 
Joseph  C.  S.  Blackburn,  Versailles. 
Milton  J.  Durham,  Danville. 
Thomas  Turner,  Mount  Sterling. 
John  B.  Clarke,  Brook ville. 


James  B.  Eustis,2  New  Orleans. 


John  E.  Leonard,5  Monon. 

John  S.  Young,6  Homer. 

Edward  W.  Robertson,7  Baton  Rouge. 


James  G.  Elaine,  Augusta. 

Llewellyn  Powers,  Houlton. 
Eugene  Haie,  Ellsworth. 


William  Pinkney  Whyte,  Baltimore. 

Thomas  Swann,  Baltimore. 
Eli  J.  Henkle,  Brooklyn. 
William  Walsh,  Cumberland. 


1  This  seat  was  claimed  by  Henry  M.  Spofford;  March  5, 
1877  (in  the  special  session  of  the  Senate),  Mr.  Kellogg  pre- 
sented himself  to  be  sworn,  but  objection  was  mad3  and  his 
credentials  were  ordered  to  lie  on  the  table;  October  17,  1877, 
the  credentials  of  Mr.  Spofford  were  presented  and  they,  with 
the  credentials  of  Mr.  Kellogg,  were  referred  to  the  Committee 
on  Privileges  and  Elections;   November  26,  1877,  the  com- 
mittee reported  in  favor  of  Mr.  Kellogg;    the  report  was 
adopted  November  30, 1877;  took  his  seat  the  same  day.    In 
the  succeeding  Congress  the  case  was  reopened  upon  petition 
of  Mr.  Spofford  and  a  report  was  made  in  his  favor,  but  he 
died  August  20,  1880,  before  action  was  taken. 

2  In  the  preceding  Congress  the  Committee  on  Privileges  and 
Elections  twice  reported  that  Pinckney  B.  S.  Pinchback  was 
entitled  to  the  seat  upon  credentials  presented  from  two 
elections;  the  committee,  after  these  decisions,  was  instructed 
to  pass  upon  credentials  of  James  B.  Eustis  and  held  that, 
inasmuch  as  Mr.  Pinchback  had  a  clear  title,  there  was  no 


vacancy;  the  Senate  refused  to  adopt  the  report  of  the  com- 
mittee and  declared  Mr.  Pinchback  "  not  entitled  to  the  seat" 
by  a  vote  of  32  to  29.  March  9.  1877  (in  the  special  session  of 
the  Senate),  the  credentials  of  Mr.  Eustis  were  taken  from  the 
flies  and  again  referred;  the  committee  reported  December  1, 
1877,  holding  that  the  Senate's  action  in  the  case  of  Mr.  Pinch- 
back  was  a  final  adjudication,  and  a  resolution  declaring  Mr. 
Eustis  entitled  to  his  seat,  his  term  of  service  to  date  from 
January  12,  18iC;  this  report  and  resolution  were  adopted 
December  10,  1877,  and  Mr.  Eustis  appeared,  qualified,  and 
took  his  seat  the  same  day. 

s  Election  unsuccessfully  contested  by  Chester  B.  Darrall. 

<  Election  unsuccessfully  contested  by  George  S.  Smith. 

5  Died  March  15, 1878. 

6  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  death  of  John  E.  Leon- 
ard and  took  his  seat  December  2,  1878. 

7  Election  unsuccessfully  contested  by  Charles  E.  Nash. 


284 


CONGRESSIONAL,  DIRECTORY. 


MASSACHUSETTS. 

SENATORS. 

Henry  L.  Dawes,  Pittsfield.  George  F.  Hoar,  Worcester. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 


William  W.  Crapo,  New  Bedford. 
Benjamin  W.  Harris,  East  Bridgewater. 
Walbridge  A.  Field,1  Boston. 
Benjamin  Dean,2  Boston. 
Leopold  Morse,  Boston. 
Nathaniel  P.  Banks,  Waltham. 


MICHIGAN. 


SENATORS. 


Thomas  W.  Ferry,  Grand  Haven. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 

Alpheus  S.  Williams,5  Detroit. 
Edwin  Willits,  Monroe. 
Jonas  H.  McGpwan,  Coldwater. 
Edwin  W.  Keightley,  Constantino. 
John  W.  Stone,  Grand  Rapids. 

MINNESOTA. 


William  Windom,  Winona. 


Mark  H.  Dunnell,  Owatonna. 
Horace  B.  Strait,  Shakopee. 


SENATORS. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

MISSISSIPPI. 

SENATORS. 


Blanche  K.  Bruce,  Floreyville. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


Henry  L.  Muldrow,  Starkville. 
Van  H.  Manning,  Holly  Springs. 
Hernando  D.  Money,  Winona. 


Lewis  V.  Bogy,7  St.  Louis. 
David  H.  Armstrong.8 
James  Shields,9  Carrollton. 


MISSOURI. 


SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


Anthony  Ittner,  St.  Louis. 
Nathan  Cole,  St.  Louis. 
Lyne  S.  Metcalfe,  St.  Louis. 
Robert  A.  Hatcher,  Charleston. 
Richard  P.  Bland,  Lebanon. 
Charles  H.  Morgan,  Lamar. 
Thomas  T.  Crittenden,  Warrensburg. 


NEBRASKA. 


SENATORS. 


Algernon  S.  Paddock,  Beatrice. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


Frank  Welch,10  Norfolk. 


George  B.  Loring,  Salem. 
Benjamin  F.  Butler,  Lowell. 
William  Claflin,  Newton. 
William  W.  Rice,  Worcester. 
Amasa  Norcross,  Fitchburg. 
George  D.  Robinson,  Chicopee. 


Isaac  P.  Christiancy,3  Lansing. 
Zachariah  Chandler,4  Detroit. 


Mark  S.  Brewer,  Pontiac. 
Omar  D.  Conger,  Port  Huron. 
Charles  C.  Ellsworth,  Greenville. 
Jay  A.  Hubbell,  Houghton. 


Samuel  J.  R.  McMillan,  St.  Paul. 
Jacob  H.  Stewart,  St.  Paul. 

Lucius  Q.  C.  Lamar,  Oxford. 


Otho  R.  Singleton,  Canton. 
Charles  E.  Hooker,  Jackson. 
James  R.  Chalmers,6  Vicksburg. 


Francis  M.  Cockrell,  Warrensburg. 


Benjamin  J.  Franklin,  Kansas  City. 
David  Rea,  Savannah. 
Henry  M.  Pollard,  Chillicothe. 
John  B.  Clark,  jr.,  Fayette. 
John  M.  Glover,  La  Grange. 
Aylett  H.  Buckner,  Mexico. 


Alvin  Saunders,  Omaha. 


Thorn  as  J .  Maj  ors , ' l  Peru . 


» Served  until  March  28, 1878;  succeeded  by  Benjamin  Dean, 
who  contested  his  election. 

2  Successfully  contested  the  election  of  Walbridge  A.  Field, 
and  took  his  seat  March  28,  1878. 

3  Resigned  February  10, 1879. 

«  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  the  resignation  of  Isaac 
P.  Christiancy,  and  took  his  seat  February  22,  1879. 
»  Died  December  20, 1878. 
« Election  unsuccessfully  contested  by  John  R.  Lynch. 


'  Died  September  20, 1877. 

•  Appointed  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  death  of  Lewis  V.  Bogy, 
and  took  his  seat  October  15, 1877. 

» Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  death  of  Lewis  V.  Bogy, 
and  took  his  seat  January  27,  1879. 

1°  Died  September  4, 1878. 

11  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  death  of  Frank  Welch, 
and  took  his  seat  December  2, 1878. 


FORTY-FIFTH    CONGRESS. 
NEVADA. 


285 


John  P.  Jones,  Gold  Hill. 


SENATORS. 
REPRESENTATIVE. 

Thomas  Wren,  Eureka. 


William  Sharon,  Virginia  City. 


NEW  HAMPSHIRE. 

SENATORS. 

Bainbridge  Wadleigh,  Milford.  Edward  H.  Rollins,  Concord. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 


Frank  Jones,  Portsmouth. 
James  F.  Briggs,  Manchester. 


Henry  W.  Blair,  Plymouth. 


NEW  JERSEY. 

SENATORS. 

Theodore  F.  Randolph,  Morristown. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


Clement  H.  Sinnickson,  Salem. 
John  H.  Pugh,  Burlington. 
Miles  Ross,  New  Brunswick. 
Alvah  A.  Clark,  Somerville. 


John  R.  MacPherson,  Jersey  City. 


Augustus  W.  Cutler.  Morristown. 
Thomas  B.  Peddie,  Newark. 
Augustus  A.  Hardenbergh,  Jersey  City. 


Roscoe  Conkling,  Utica. 


NEW  YORK. 


SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


James  W.  Covert,  Flushing. 
William  D.  Veeder,  Brooklyn. 
Simeon  B.  Chittenden,  Brooklyn. 
Archibald  M.  Bliss,  Brooklyn. 
Nicholas  Muller,  New  York. 
Samuel  S.  Cox,  New  York. 
Anthony  Eickhoff,  New  York. 
Anson  G.  McCook,  New  York. 
Fernando  Wood,  New  York. 
Abram  S.  Hewitt,  New  York. 
Benjamin  A.  Willis,  New  York. 
Clarkson  N.  Potter,  New  Rochelle. 
John  H.  Ketcham,  Dover  Plains. 
George  M.  Beebe,  Monticello. 
Stephen  L.  Mayham,  Schoharie. 
Terence  J.  Quinn,1  Albany. 
John  M.  Bailey,2  Albany. 


Francis  Kernan,  Utica. 


Martin  I.  Townsend,  Troy. 
Andrew  Williams,  Plattsburg. 
Amaziah  B.  James,  Ogdensburg. 
John  H.  Starin,  Fultonville. 
Solomon  Bundy,  Oxford. 
George  A.  Bagley,  Watertown. 
William  J.  "Bacon,  Utica. 
William  H.  Baker,  Constantia. 
Frank  Hiscock,  Syracuse. 
John  H.  Camp,  Lyons. 
Elbridge  G.  Lapham,  Canandaigua. 
Jeremiah  W.  Dwight,  Dryden. 
John  N.  Hungerford,  Corning. 
E.  Kirke  Hart,  Albion. 
Charles  B.  Benedict,  Attica. 
Daniel  N.  Lockwood,  Buffalo. 
George  W.  Patterson,  Westerfield. 


NORTH  CAROLINA. 


Matt  W.  Ransom,  Weldon. 


SENATORS . 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


Jesse  J.  Yeates,  Murfreesboro. 
Curtis  H.  Brogden,  Goldsboro. 
Alfred  M.  Waddell,  Wilmington. 
Joseph  J.  Davis,  Louisburg. 


Augustus  S.  Merrimon,  Raleigh. 


Alfred  M.  Scales,  Greensboro. 
Walter  L.  Steele,  Rockingham. 
William  M.  Robbins,  Statesville. 
Robert  B.  Vance,  Asheville. 


i  Died  June  18, 1878. 


2  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  death  of  Terence  J. 
Quinn,  and  took  his  seat  December  2, 1878. 


286 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 
OHIO. 


John  Sherman,1  Mansfield. 
Stanley  Matthews,2  Glendale. 


SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


Milton  Sayler,  Cincinnati. 
Henry  B.  Banning,  Cincinnati. 
Mills  Gardner,  Washington. 
John  A.  McMahon,  Dayton. 
Americus  V.  Rice,  Ottawa. 
Jacob  D.  Cox,  Toledo. 
Henry  L.  Dickey,  Greenfield. 
J.  Warren  Keifer,  Springfield. 
John  S.  Jones,  Delaware. 
Charles  Foster,  Fostoria. 


Allen  G.  Thurman,  Columbus. 


Henry  S.  Neal,  Ironton. 
Thomas  Ewing,  Lancaster. 
Milton  I.  Southard,  Zanesville. 
Ebenezer  B.  Finley,  Bucyrus. 
Nelson  H.  Van  Vorhes,  Athens. 
Lorenzo  Danford,  St.  Clairsville. 
William  McKinley,  jr.,  Canton. 
James  Monroe,  Oberlin. 
James  A.  Garfield,  Mentor. 
Amos  Townsend,  Cleveland. 


OREGON. 


SENATORS. 

John  H.  Mitchell,  Portland.  La  Fayette  Grover,  Salem. 

REPRESENTATIVE . 

Richard  Williams,3  Portland. 
PENNSYLVANIA. 


SENATORS. 


Simon  Cameron,4  Harrisburg. 
J.  Donald  Cameron,5  Harrisburg. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


Chapman  Freeman,  Philadelphia. 
Charles  O'Neill,  Philadelphia. 
Samual  J.  Randall,  Philadelphia. 
William  D.  Kelley,  Philadelphia. 
Alfred  C.  Harmer,  Germantown. 
William  Ward,  Chester. 
I.  Newton  Evans,  Hatboro. 
Hiester  Clymer,  Reading. 
A.  Herr  Smith,  Lancaster. 
Samuel  A.  Bridges,  Allentown. 
Francis  D.  Collins,  Scranton. 
Hendrick  B.  Wright,  Wilkes-Barre. 
James  B.  Reilly,  Pottsville. 
John  W.  Killinger*  Philadelphia. 


William  A.  Wallace,  Clearfield. 


Edward  Oyerton,  jr.,  Towanda. 
John  I.  Mitchell,  Wellsboro. 
Jacob  M.  Campbell,  Johnstown. 
William  S.  Stenger,  Chambersburg. 
Levi  Maish,  York. 
Levi  A.  Mackey,  Lock  Haven. 
Jacob  Turney,  Greensburg. 
Russell  Errett,  Pittsburgh. 
Thomas  M.  Bayne,  Allegheny. 
William  S.  Shall  enberger,  Rochester. 
Harry  White,  Indiana. 
John  M.  Thompson,  Butler. 
Lewis  F.  Watson,  Warren. 


RHODE   ISLAND. 

SENATORS. 

Henry  B.  Anthony,  Providence.  Ambrose  E.  Burnside,  Providence. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

Benjamin  T.  Eames,  Providence.  Latimer  W.  Ballou,  Woonsocket. 

SOUTH  CAROLINA. 


John  J.  Patterson,  Charleston. 


SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


Joseph  H.  Rainey,  Georgetown. 
Richard  H.  Cain,  Charleston. 
D.  Wyatt  Aiken,  Cokesbury. 


Matthew  C.  Butler,"  Edgefield. 


John  H.  Evins,  Spartanburg. 
Robert  Smalls,  Beaufort. 


>  Resigned  March  8, 1877,  having  been  appointed  Secretary 
of  the  Treasury. 

2  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  John  Sher- 
man. «nd  took  his  seat  October  16, 1877. 

a  Election  unsuccessfully  contested  by  Samuel  W.  McDowell. 

*  Resigned  March  5, 1877. 

6  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  Simon 
Cameron,  and  took  his  seat  October  16, 1877. 

6  David  T.  Corbin  claimed  this  seat;  his  credentials,  with 
those  of  Mr.  Butler,  were  referred  to  the  Committee  on 
Privileges  and  Elections;  November  26,  1877,  the  committee, 


upon  its  request,  was  discharged  from  further  consideration  of 
Mr.  Butler's  credentials;  November  30,  1877,  a  resolution  that 
Mr.  Butler  be  sworn  in  was  agreed  to  by  a  vote  of  29  to  28,  the 
Vice- President  voting  to  break  a  tie;  appeared  and  qualified 
the  same  day.  On  February  4, 1879,  the  committee  reported 
that  Mr.  Corbin  was  entitled  to  the  seat,  and  a  resolution  that 
he  be  sworn;  the  Senate  refused  to  consider  this  report,  Feb- 
ruary 25,  1879,  and  on  February  28,  following,  the  Vice- Presi- 
dent laid  before  the  Senate  a  letter  from  Mr.  Corbin  with- 
drawing his  claim,  and  no  further  action  was  taken. 


FORTY-FIFTH   CONGRESS.  287 

TENNESSEE. 

SENATORS. 

James  E.  Bailey,  Clarksville.  Isham  G.  Harris,  Memphis. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

James  H.  Randolph,  Newport.  John  F.  House,  Clarksville. 

Jacob  M.  Thornburgh,  Knoxville.  Washington  C.  Whitthorne,  Columbia. 

George  G.  Dibrell,  Sparta.  John  D.  C.  Atkins,  Paris. 

Haywood  Y.  Riddle,  Lebanon.  William  P.  Caldwell,  Gardner. 

John  M.  Bright,  Fayetteville.  Casey  Young,  Memphis. 

TEXAS. 

SENATORS. 

Samuel  B.  Maxey,  Paris.  Richard  Coke,  Waco. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

John  H.  Reagan,  Palestine.  Roger  Q.  Mills,  Corsicana. 

David  B.  Culberson,  Jefferson.  DeWitt  C.  Giddings,  Brenham. 

James  W.  Throckmorton,  McKinney.  Gustave  Schleicher,1  Cuero. 

VERMONT. 

SENATORS. 

George  F.  Edmunds,  Burlington.  Justin  S.  Morrill,  Strafford. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

Charles  H.  Joyce,  Rutland.  George  W.  Hendee,  Morrisville. 

Dudley  C.  Denison,  Royalton. 

VIRGINIA. 

SENATORS. 

John  W.  Johnston,  Abingdon.  Robert  E.  Withers,  Wytheville. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

Beverly  B.  Douglas,2  Ayletts.  George  C.  Cabell,  Danville. 

Richard  Lee  T.  Beale,3  Hague.  John  R.  Tucker,  Lexington. 

John  Goode,  jr.,  Norfolk.  John  T.  Harris,  Harrisonburg. 

Gilbert  C.  Walker,  Richmond.  Eppa  Hunton,  Warrenton. 

Joseph  Jorgensen,  Petersburg.  Auburn  L.  Pridemore,  Jonesville. 

WEST    VIRGINIA. 

SENATORS. 

Henry  G.  Davis,  Piedmont.  Frank  Hereford,  Union. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

Benjamin  Wilson,  Wilsonburg.  John  E.  Kenna,  Kanawha. 

Benjamin  F.  Martin,  Pruntytown. 

WISCONSIN. 

SENATORS. 

Timothy  O.  Howe,  Green  Bay.  Angus  Cameron,  La  Crosse. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

Charles  G.  Williams,  Janesville.  Edward  S.  Bragg,  Fond  du  Lac. 

Lucien  B.  Caswell,  Fort  Atkinson.  Gabriel  Bouck,  Oshkosh. 

George  C.  Hazelton,  Boscobel.  Herman  L.  Humphrey,  Hudson. 

William  P.  Lynde,  Milwaukee.  Thaddeus  C.  Pound,  Chippewa  Falls. 

TERRITORY  OF  ARIZONA 

DELEGATE. 

Hiram  S.  Stevens,  Tucson. 

1  Died  January  11, 1879.  'Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  death  of  Beverly  B. 

2  Died  December  22,  1878.  Douglas,  and  took  his  seat  February  8,  1879. 


288  CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 

TERRITORY  OF  DAKOTA. 

DELEGATE. 

Jefferson  P.  Kidder,  Vermillion. 
TERRITORY  OP  IDAHO. 

DELEGATE. 

Stephen  S.  Fenn,  Mount  Idaho. 
TERRITORY  OF  MONTANA. 

DELEGATE. 

Martin  Maginnis,  Helena. 
TERRITORY  OF  NEW  MEXICO. 

DELEGATE. 

Trinidad  Romero,  Las  Vegas. 
TERRITORY  OF  UTAH. 

DELEGATE. 

George  Q.  Cannon,  Salt  Lake  City. 
TERRITORY  OF  WASHINGTON. 

DELEGATE. 

Orange  Jacobs,  Seattle. 
TERRITORY  OF  WYOMING. 

DELEGATE. 

William  W.  Corlett,  Cheyenne. 


FORTY- SIXTH  CONGRESS. 


MARCH  4,  1879,  TO  MARCH  3,  1881. 


FIRST  SESSION— March  18, 1879,  to  July  1, 1879.    SECOND  SESSION— December  1, 1879, 
to  June  16, 1880.    THIRD  SESSION— December  6,  1880,  to  March  3,  1881. 


VICE  PRESIDENT— William  A.  Wheeler,  of  New  York.  PRESIDENT  OF  THE  SENATE 
PRO  TEMPORE— Allen  G.  Thurman,1  of  Ohio.  SECRETARY  OF  THE  SENATE^John  C.  Burch, 
of  Tennessee. 

SPEAKER  OF  THE  HOUSE— Samuel  J.  Randall,  of  Pennsylvania.  CLERK  OF  THE 
HOUSE — George  M.  Adams,  of  Kentucky. 


ALABAMA. 


John  T.  Morgan,  Selma. 


Thomas  H.  Herndon,  Mobile. 
Hilary  A.  Herbert,  Montgomery. 
William  J.  Samford,  Opelika. 
Charles  M.  Shelley,  Selma. 
Thomas  Williams,  Wetumpka. 


SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES . 


George  S.  Houston,2  Athens. 
Luke  Pryor,3  Athens. 
James  L.  Pugh,4  Eufaula. 

Burwell  B.  Lewis,5  Tuscaloosa. 
Newton  N.  Clements,6  Tuscaloosa. 
William  H.  Forney,  Jacksonville. 
William  M.  Lowe,  Huntsville. 


ARKANSAS. 


SENATORS. 

Augustus  H.  Garland,  Little  Rock.  James  D.  Walker,  Fayetteville. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 


Poindexter  Dunn,  Forest  City. 
William  F.  Siemens,7  Monticello. 


Jordan  E.  Cravens,  Clarksville. 
Thomas  M.  Gunter,  Fayetteville. 


CALIFORNIA. 


SENATORS. 

Newton  Booth,  San  Francisco.  James  T.  Farley,  Jackson. 

REPRESENTATIVES . 

Horace  Davis,  San  Francisco.  Campbell  P.  Berry,  Wheatland. 

Horace  F.  Page,  Placerville.  Romualdo  Pacheco,  San  Luis  Obispo. 

COLORADO. 


SENATORS. 

Henry  M.  Teller,  Central  City.  Nathaniel  P.  Hill,  Denver. 

REPRESENTATIVE. 

James  B.  Belford,  Central  City. 
CONNECTICUT. 


William  W.  Eaton,  Hartford. 


SENATORS. 


Orville  H.  Platt,  West  Meriden. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 

Joseph  R.  Hawley,  Hartford.  John  T.  Wait,  Norwich. 

James  Phelps,  Essex.  Frederick  Miles,  Chapinville. 

1  Elected  April  15,  1879;  April  7,  1880,  and  May  6,  1880.  »  Resigned  October  1,  1880. 

2  Died  December  31,  1879.  e  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  Burwell  B. 
=  Appointed  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  death  of  George  S.  Lewis,  and  took  his  seat  December  8,  1880. 

Houston,  and  took  his  seat  January  15, 1880.  ^  Election  unsuccessfully  contested  by  John  M.  Bradley. 

4  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  death  of  George  S. 
Houston,  and  took  his  seat  December  6,  1880. 


50346°— S.  Doc.  654,  61-2- 


-19 


289 


290 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 


DELAWARE. 

SENATORS. 

Thomas  F.  Bayard,  Wilmington.  Eli  Saulsbury,  Dover. 

REPRESENTATIVE. 

Edward  L.  Martin,  Seaford. 
FLORIDA. 

SENATORS. 

Charles  W.  Jones,  Pensacola.  Wilkinson  Call,  Jacksonville. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

Robert  H.  M.  Davidson,  Quincy.  Noble  A.  Hull,1  Sanford. 

Horatio  Bisbee,  jr.,2  Jacksonville. 

GEORGIA. 


John  B.  Gordon,3  Atlanta. 
Joseph  E.  Brawn,4  Atlanta. 


SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES . 


John  C.  Nicholls,  Blackshear. 
William  E.  Smith,  Albany. 
Philip  Cook,  Americus. 
Henry  Persons,  Geneva. 
Nathaniel  J.  Hammond,  Atlanta. 


David  Davis,  Bloomington. 


ILLINOIS. 


SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


William  Aldrich,  Chicago. 
George  R.  Davis,  Chicago. 
Hiram  Barber,  jr.,  Chicago. 
John  C.  Sherwin,  Aurora. 
Robert  M.  A.  Hawk,  Mount  Carroll. 
Thomas  J.  Henderson,  Princeton. 
Philip  C.  Hayes,  Morris. 
Greenbury  L.  Fort,  Lacon. 
Thomas  A.  Boyd,  Lewiston. 
Benjamin  F.  Marsh,  Warsaw. 


INDIANA. 


SENATORS. 


Joseph  E.  Me  Donald,  Indianapolis. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


William  Heilman,  Evansville. 
Thomas  R.  Cobb,  Vincennes. 
George  A.  Bicknell,  New  Albany. 
Jeptha  D.  New,  Vernon. 
Thomas  M.  Browne,  Winchester. 
William  R.  Myers,  Anderson. 
Gilbert  De  La  Matyr,  Indianapolis. 


Benjamin  H.  Hill,  Atlanta. 


James  H.  Blount,  Macon. 
William  H.  Felton,  Cartersville. 
Alexander  H.  Stephens,  Crawfordsville. 
Emory  Speer,  Athens. 


John  A.  Logan,  Chicago. 

James  W.  Singleton,  Quincy. 
William  M.  Springer,  Springfield. 
Adlai  E.  Stevenson,  Bloomington. 
Joseph  G.  Cannon,  Danville. 
Albert  P.  Forsythe,  Isabel. 
William  A.  J.  Sparks,  Carlyle. 
William  R.  Morrison,  Waterloo. 
John  R.  Thomas,  Metropolis. 
Richard  W.  Townshend,  Shawneetown. 


Daniel  W.  Voorhees,  Terre  Haute. 


Abraham  J.  Hosteller,  Bedford. 
Godlove  S.  Orth,5  La  Fayette. 
William  H.  Calkins,  Laporte. 
Calvin  Cowgill,  Wabash. 
Wai  pole  G.  Colerick,  Fort  Wayne. 
John  H.  Baker,  Goshen. 


IOWA. 


William  B.  Allison,  Dubuque. 

Moses  A.  McCoid,  Fairfield. 
Hiram  Price,  Davenport. 
Thomas  Updegraff ,  McGregor. 
Nathaniel  C.  Deering,  Osage. 
Rush  Clark,6  Iowa  City. 


SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


Samuel  J.  Kirkwood,  Iowa  City. 

William  G.  Thompson,7  Marion. 
James  B.  Weaver,  Bloomfield. 
Edward  H.  Gillette,  Des  Moines. 
William  F.  Sapp,  Council  Bluffs. 
Cyrus  C.  Carpenter,  Fort  Dodge. 


1  Served  until    January  22,  1881;    succeeded    by  Horatio 
Bisbee,  jr.,  who  contested  his  election. 

2  Successfully  contested  the  election  of  Noble  A.  Hull,  and 
took  his  seat  January  22.  1881. 

•'  Resigned  May  13,  1880. 


4  Appointed  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  John  B. 
Gordon,  and  took  his  seat  May  20,  1880;  subsequently  elected. 

5  Election  unsuccessfully  contested  by  James  McCabe. 
e  Died  April  29,  1879. 

'  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  the  death  of  Rush  Clark 
and  took  his  seat  December  1,  LS79. 


FORTY-SIXTH   CONGRESS. 


291 


KANSAS. 

SENATORS. 

John  J.  Ingalls,  Atchison.  Preston  B.  Plumb,  Emporia. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

John  A.  Anderson,  Manhattan. 
Dudley  C.  Haskell,  Lawrence. 


Thomas  Ryan,  Topeka. 


James  B.  Beck,  Lexington. 


KENTUCKY. 


SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


Oscar  Turner,  Oscar. 
James  A.  McKenzie,  Long  View. 
John  William  Caldwell,  Russellville. 
J.  Proctor  Knott,  Lebanon. 
Albert  S.  Willis,  Louisville. 

LOUISIANA. 

SENATORS. 

William  Pitt  Kellogg,1  New  Orleans. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


Randall  L.  Gibson,  New  Orleans. 
E.  John  Ellis,  New  Orleans. 
Joseph  H.  Acklen,  Franklin. 


MAINE. 


SENATORS. 

Hannibal  Hamlin,  Bangor. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

Thomas  B.  Reed,  Portland. 
William  P.  Frye,  Lewiston. 
Stephen  D.  Lindsey,  Norridgewock. 

MARYLAND. 

SENATORS. 

William  Pinkney  Whyte,  Baltimore. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

Daniel  M.  Henry,  Cambridge. 
J.  Fred  C.  Talbot,  Towsontown. 
William  Kimmel,  Baltimore. 


John  S.  Williams,  Mount  Sterling. 

John  G.  Carlisle,  Covington. 
Joseph  C.  S.  Blackburn,  Versailles. 
Philip  B.  Thompson,  jr.,  Harrodsburg. 
Thomas  Turner,  Mount  Sterling. 
Elijah  C.  Phister,  Maysville. 


Benjamin  F.  Jonas,  New  Orleans. 


Joseph  B.  Elam,  Mansfield. 

J.  Floyd  King,  Vidalia. 

Edward  W.  Robertson,  Baton  Rouge. 


James  G.  Elaine,  Augusta. 

George  W.  Ladd,  Bangor. 
Thompson  H.  Murch,  Rockland. 

James  B.  Groome,  Elkton. 


Robert  M.  McLane,  Baltimore. 
Eli  J.  Henkle,  Brooklyn. 
Milton  G.  Urner,  Frederick. 


MASSACHUSETTS. 


Henry  L.  Dawes,  Pittsfield. 


SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


William  \V.  Crapo,  New  Bedford. 
Benjamin  W.  Harris,  East  Bridgewater. 
Walbridge  A.  Field,  Boston. 
Leopold  Morse,  Boston. 
Selwyn  Z.  Bowman,  Somerville. 
George  B.  Loring,2  Salem. 

MICHIGAN. 


SENATORS. 


Thomas  W.  Ferry,  Grand  Haven. 


John  S.  Newberry,  Detroit. 
Edwin  Willits,  Monroe. 
Jonas  H.  McGowan,  Coldwater. 
Julius  C.  Burrows,  Kalamazoo. 
John  W.  Stone,  Grand  Rapids. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


George  F.  Hoar,  Worcester. 

WTilliam  A.  Russell,  Lawrence. 
William  Claflin,  Newton. 
William  W.  Rice,  Worcester. 
Amasa  Norcross,  Fitchburg. 
George  D.  Robinson,  Chicopee. 


Zachariah  Chandler,3  Detroit 
Henry  P.  Baldwin,4  Detroit. 

Mark  S.  Brewer,  Pontiac. 
Omar  D.  Conger,  Port  Huron. 
Roswell  G.  Horr,  East  Saginaw. 
Jay  A.  Hubbell,  Houghton. 


1  The  credentials  of  Thomas  C.  Manning,  appointed  to  fill 
vacancy  caused  by  the  death  of  Henry  M.  Spoftord,  contestant 
for  this  seat  in  the  preceding  Congress  (August  20, 1880),  were 
presented  December  7, 1880;  inasmuch  as  the  Senate  had  taken 
no  action  upon  the  report  that  was  favorable  to  Mr.  Spofford. 
no  action  was  taken  upon  Mr.  Manning's  credentials  beyond 
referring  them  to  the  committee. 


2  Election  unsuccessfully  contested  by  E.  Moody  Boynton. 

s  Died  November  1, 1879. 

4  Appointed  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  death  of  Zachariab 
Chandler,  and  took  his  seat  December  3.  1879;  subsequently 
elected. 


292 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 


William  Windom,  Winona. 

Mark  H.  Dunnell,  Owatonna. 
Henry  Poehler,  Henderson. 


MINNESOTA. 


SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


MISSISSIPPI. 


Samuel  J.  R.  McMillan,  St.  Paul. 
William  D.  Washburn,  Minneapolis'. 


SENATORS. 


Blanche  K.  Bruce,  Floreyville. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


Henry  L.  Muldrow,  Starkville. 
Van  H.  Manning,  Holly  Springs. 
Hernando  D.  Money,  Winona. 


MISSOURI. 


Lucius  Q.  C.  Lamar,  Oxford. 


Otho  R.  Singleton,  Canton. 
Charles  E.  Hooker,  Jackson. 
James  R.  Chalmers,  Vicksburg. 


SENATORS. 
Francis  M.  Cockrell,  Warrensburg. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

Martin  L.  Clardy,  Farmington. 
Erastus  Wells,  St.  Louis. 
Richard  G.  Frost,  St.  Louis. 
Lowndes  H.  Davis,  Jackson. 
Richard  P.  Bland,  Lebanon. 
James  R.  Waddill,  Springfield. 
Alfred  M.  Lay,1  Jefferson  City. 

NEBRASKA. 


George  G.  Vest,  Kansas  City. 


John  F.  Philips,2  Sedalia. 
Samuel  L.  Sawyer,  Independence. 
Nicholas  Ford,  Rochester. 
Gideon  F.  Rothwell,  Moberly. 
John  B.  Clark,  jr.,  Fayette. 
William  H.  Hatch,  Hannibal. 
Aylett  H.  Buckner,  Mexico. 


SENATO«S. 
Algernon  S.  Paddock,  Beatrice.  Alvin  Saunders,  Omaha. 

REPRESENTATIVE. 

Edward  K.  Valentine,  West  Point. 
NEVADA. 


SENATORS. 


John  P.  Jones,  Gold  Hill. 


William  Sharon,  Virginia  City. 


REPRESENTATIVE. 

Rollin  M.  Daggett,  Virginia  City. 
NEW  HAMPSHIRE. 

SENATORS. 


Edward  H.  Rollins,  Concord. 


Joshua  G.  Hall,  Dover. 
James  F.  Briggs,  Manchester. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


NEW  JERSEY. 


Charles  H.  Bell,3  Exeter. 
Henry  W.  Blair,4  Plymouth. 

Evarts  W.  Farr,5  Littleton. 
Ossian  Ray,6  Lancaster. 


SENATORS. 


Theodore  F.  Randolph,  Morristown. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


George  M.  Robeson,  Camden. 
Hezekiah  B.  Smith,  Smith ville. 
Miles  Ross,  New  Brunswick. 
Alvah  A.  Clark,  Somerville. 


John  R.  MacPherson,  Jersey  City. 


Charles  H.  Voorhis,  Hackensack. 

John  L.  Blake,  Orange. 

Lewis  A.  Brigham,  Jersey  City. 


1  Died  December  8, 1879. 

2  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  the  death  of  Alfred  M. 
Lay,  and  took  his  seat  March  18, 1879. 

'Appointed  to  fill  vacancy  in  term  commencing  March  4, 
1879;  credentials  presented  and  referred  March  18, 1879;  ma- 
jority of  Committee  on  Privileges  and  Elections  reported  reso- 
lution, April  2,  1879,  declaring  him  not  entitled  to  seat;  by 


resolution,  April  10,  1879,  was  declared  entitled  to  seat;  ap- 
peared and  qualified  same  day. 

4  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  in  term  commencing  March  4, 1879, 
and  took  his  seat  June  20,  1879. 

*  Died  November  30, 1880. 

«  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  death  of  Evarts  W.  Farr, 
and  took  his  seat  January  8, 1881. 


FORTY-SIXTH   CONGRESS. 


293 


NEW   YORK. 


SENATORS. 


Roscoe  Conkling,  Utica. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


James  W.  Covert,  Flushing. 
Daniel  O'Reilly,  Brooklyn. 
Simeon  B.  Chittenden,  Brooklyn. 
Archibald  M.  Bliss,  Brooklyn. 
Nicholas  Muller,  New  York. 
Samuel  S.  Cox,  New  York. 
Edwin  Einstein,  New  York. 
Anson  G.  McCook,  New  York. 
Fernando  Wood,1  New  York. 
James  O'Brien,  New  York. 
Levi  P.  Morton,  New  York. 
Waldo  Hutchins,  Kingsbridge. 
John  H.  Ketcham,  Dover  Plains. 
John  W.  Ferdon,  Piermpnt. 
William  Lounsberry,  Kingston. 
John  M.  Bailey,  Albany. 
Walter  A.  Wood,  Hoosick  Falls. 


Francis  Kernan,  Utica. 


John  Hammond,  Crown  Point. 
Amaziah  B.  James,  Ogdensburg. 
John  H.  Starin,  Fultonville. 
David  Wilber,  Milford. 
Warner  Miller,  Herkimer. 
Cyrus  D.  Prescott,  Rome. 
Joseph  H.  Mason,2  Hamilton. 
Frank  Hiscock,  Syracuse. 
John  H.  Camp,  Lyons. 
Elbridge  G.  Lapham,  Canandaigua. 
Jeremiah  W.  D  wight,  Dryden. 
David  P.  Richardson,  Angelica. 
John  Van  Voorhis,  Rochester. 
Richard  Crowley,  Lockport. 
Ray  V.  Pierce,3  Buffalo. 
Jonathan  Scoville,4  Salisbury. 
Henry  Van  Aernam,  Frankhnville. 


NORTH  CAROLINA. 

SENATORS. 


Matt  W.  Ransom,  Weldon. 


Joseph  J.  Martin,5  Williamston. 
Jesse  J.  Yeates,6  Murfreesboro. 
William  H.  Kitchin,  Scotland  Neck. 
Daniel  L.  Russell,  Wilmington. 
Joseph  J.  Davis,  Louisburg. 


Zebulon  B.  Vance,  Charlotte. 


REPRESENTATIVES.  • 


Alfred  M.  Scales,  Greensborough. 
Walter  L.  Steele,  Rockingham. 
Robert  F.  Armfield,  Statesville. 
Robert  B.  Vance,  Asheville. 


OHIO. 


SENATORS. 


Allen  G.  Thurman,  Columbus. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


Benjamin  Butterworth,  Cincinnati. 
Thomas  L.  Young,  Cincinnati. 
John  A.  McMahon,  Dayton. 
Joseph  Warren  Keifer,  Springfield. 
Benjamin  LeFevre,  Sidney. 
William  D.  Hill,  Defiance. 
Frank  H.  Hurd,  Toledo 
Ebenezer  B.  Finley,  Bucyrus. 
George  L.  Converse,  Columbus. 
Thomas  Ewing,  Lancaster. 
Henry  L.  Dickey,  Greenfield. 


George  H.  Pendleton,  Cincinnati. 


Henry  S.  Neal,  Iron  ton. 

Adoniram  J.  Warner,  Marietta. 

Gibson  Atherton,  Newark. 

George  W.  Geddes,  Mansfield. 

William  McKinley,  jr.,  Canton. 

James  Monroe,  Oberlin. 

Jonathan  T.  Updegraff,  Mount  Pleasant. 

James  A.  Garfield,7  Mentor. 

Ezra  B.  Taylor,8  Warren. 

Amos  Townsend,  Cleveland. 


OREGON. 

SENATORS. 

La  Fayette  Grover,  Salem.  James  H.  Slater,  La  Grande. 

REPRESENTATIVE. 

John  Whiteaker,  Pleasant  Hill. 


i  Died  February  14,  1881. 

3  Election  unsuccessfully  contested  by  Sebastian  Duffy. 

3  Resigned  September  18,  1880. 

4  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  Ray  V. 
Pierce,  and  took  his  seat  January  29, 1881. 

5  Served  until  January  29, 1881;  succeeded  by  Jesse  J.  Yeates, 
who  contested  his  election. 


*  Successfully  contested  the  election  of  Joseph  J.  Martin,  and 
took  his  seat  January  29,  1881. 

7  Resigned  November  8, 1880,  having  been  elected  President 
of  the  United  States. 

8  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  James  A. 
Garfield,  and  took  his  seat  December  13, 1880. 


CONGRESSIONAL,  DIRECTORY. 


PENNSYLVANIA. 


SENATORS. 


William  A.  Wallace,  Clearfield. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


Henry  H.  Bingham,  Philadelphia. 
Charles  O'Neill,  Philadelphia. 
Samuel  J.  Randall,  Philadelphia. 
William  D.  Kelley,  Philadelphia. 
Alfred  C.  Harmer,  Germantown. 
William  Ward,  Chester. 
William  Godshalk,  New  Britain. 
Hiester  Clymer,  Reading. 
A.  Herr  Smith,  Lancaster. 
Reuben  K.  Bachman,  Durham. 
Robert  Klotz,  Mauch  Chunk. 
Hendrick  B.  Wright,  Wilkes-Barre. 
John  W.  Ryon,  Pottsville. 
John  W.  Killinger,  Lebanon. 


J.  Donald  Cameron,  Harrisburg. 


Edward  Overton,  jr.,  Towanda. 
John  I.  Mitchell,  Wellsboro. 
Alexander  H.  Coffroth,  Somerset. 
Horatio  G.  Fisher,  Huntingdon. 
Frank  E.  Beltzhoover,  Carlisle. 
Seth  H.  Yocum,1  Belief onte. 
Morgan  R.  Wise,  Waynesburg. 
Russell  Errett,  Pittsburgh. 
Thomas  M.  Bayne,  Allegheny. 
William  S.  Shallenberger,  Rochester. 
Harry  White,  Indiana. 
Samuel  B.  Dick,  Meadyille. 
John  H.  Osmer,  Franklin. 


RHODE    ISLAND. 

SENATORS. 

Henry  B.  Anthony,  Providence.  Ambrose  E.  Burnside,  Providence. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

Nelson  W.  Aldrich,  Providence.  Latimer  W.  Ballou,  Woonsocket. 

SOUTH   CAROLINA. 

SENATORS. 

Matthew  C.  Butler,  Edgefield.  Wade  Hampton,  Charleston. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

John  S.  Richardson,  Sumter.  John  H.  Evins,  Spartanburg. 

Michael  P.  O'Connor,  Charleston.  George  D.  Tillman,  Edgefield. 

D.  Wyatt  Aiken,  Cokesbury. 

TENNESSEE. 

SENATORS. 

James  E.  Bailey,  Clarksville.  Isham  G.  Harris,  Memphis. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

Robert  L.  Taylor,  Jonesboro.  John  F.  House,  Clarksville. 

Leonidas  C.  Houk,  Knoxville.  Washington  C.  Whitthorne,  Columbia. 

George  G.  Dibrell,  Sparta.  John  D.  C.  Atkins,  Paris. 

Ben  ton  McMillin,  Carthage.  Charles  B.  Simonton,  Covington. 

John  M.  Bright,  Fayetteville.  Casey  Young,  Memphis. 

TEXAS. 

SENATORS. 


Samuel  B.  Maxey,  Paris. 


Richard  Coke,  Waco. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 

John  H.  Reagan,  Palestine.  Roger  Q.  Mills,  Corsicana. 

David  B.  Culberson,  Jefferson.  George  W.  Jones,  Bastrop. 

Olin  Wellborn,  Dallas.  .  Columbus  Upson,  San  Antonio. 

VERMONT. 

SENATORS. 

George  F.  Edmunds,  Burlington.  Justin  S.  Morrill,  Strafford. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

Charles  H.  Joyce,  Rutland.  Bradley  Barlow,  St.  Albans. 

James  M.  Tyler,  Brattleboro. 


1  Election  unsuccessfully  contested  by  Andrew  G.  Curtln. 


FORTY-SIXTH   CONGRESS.  295 

VIRGINIA. 

SENATORS. 

John  W.  Johnston,  Abingdon.  Robert  E.  Withers,  Wytheville. 

REPRESENTATIVES . 

Richard  Lee  T.  Beale,  Hague.  John  R.  Tucker,  Lexington. 

John  Goode,  jr.,  Norfolk.  John  T.  Harris,  Harrisonburg. 

Joseph  E.  Johnston,  Longwood.  Eppa  Huntpn,  Warrenton. 

Joseph  Jorgensen,  Petersburg.  James  B.  Richmond,  Estillville. 
George  C.  Cab  ell,  Danville. 

WEST   VIRGINIA. 

SENATORS. 

Henry  G.  Davis,  Piedmont.  Frank  Hereford,  Union. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

Benjamin  Wilson,  Wilsonburg.  John  E.  Kenna,  Kanawha. 

Benjamin  F.  Martin,  Pruntytown. 

WISCONSIN. 

SENATORS. 

Angus  Cameron,  La  Crosse.  Matthew  H.  Carpenter,1  Milwaukee. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

Charles  G.  Williams,  Janesville.  Edward  S.  Bragg,  Fond  du  Lac. 

Lucien  B.  Caswell,  Fort  Atkinson.  Gabriel  Bouck,  Oshkosh. 

George  C.  Hazel  ton,  Boscobel.  Herman  L.  Humphrey,  Hudson. 

Peter  V.  Deuster,  Milwaukee.  Thaddeus  C.  Pound,  Chippewa  Falls. 

TERRITORY  OF  ARIZONA. 

DELEGATE. 

John  G.  Campbell,  Prescott. 
TERRITORY  OF  DAKOTA. 

DELEGATE. 

Granville  G.  Bennett,  Yankton. 
TERRITORY  OF  IDAHO. 

DELEGATE. 

George  Ainslie,  Idaho  City. 
TERRITORY  OF  MONTANA. 

DELEGATE. 

_          Martin  Maginnis,  Helena. 
TERRITORY  OF  NEW  MEXICO. 

DELEGATE. 

Mariano  S.  Otero,  Peralta. 
TERRITORY  OF  UTAH. 

DELEGATE. 

George  Q.  Cannon,  Salt  Lake  City. 
TERRITORY  OF  WASHINGTON. 

DELEGATE. 

Thomas  H.  Brents,  Walla  Walla. 
TERRITORY  OF  WYOMING. 

DELEGATE. 

S.  W.  Downey,  Laramie  City. 

i  Died  February  24,  1881. 


FORTY-SEVENTH  CONGRESS. 


MARCH  4,  1881,  TO  MARCH  3,  1883. 


FIRST  SESSION— December  5,  1881,  to  August  8,  1882.  SECOND  SESSION— December 
4,  1882,  to  March  3,  1883.  SPECIAL  SESSIONS  OF  THE  SENATE— March  4,  1881,  to 
May  20,  1881;  October,  10,  1881,  to  October  29,  1881. 


VICE  PRESIDENT— Chester  A.  Arthur,1  of  New  York.  PRESIDENTS  OF  THE  SENATE  PEO 
TEMPORE — Thomas  F.  Bayard,2  of  Delaware;  David  Davis,3  of  Illinois;  George  F.  Edmunds,4  of  Ver- 
mont. SECRETARY  OF  THE  SENATE— Francis  E.  Shober,5  Chief  Clerk  (Acting  Secretary),  of 
North  Carolina. 

SPEAKER  OF  THE  HOUSE— J.  Warren  Keifer,  of  Springfield,  Ohio.  CLERK  OF  THE 
HOUSE — Edward  McPlierson,  of  Pennsylvania. 


John  T.  Morgan,  Selma. 


ALABAMA. 


SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


Thomas  H.  Herndon,  Mobile. 
Hilary  A.  Herbert,  Montgomery. 
William  C.  Gates,  Abbeville. 
Charles  M.  Shelley,6  Selma. 
Thomas  Williams,  Wetumpka. 

ARKANSAS. 

SENATORS. 

Augustus  H.  Garland,  Little  Rock. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 


Peindexter  Dunn,  Forest  City. 
James  K.  Jones,  Washington. 


James  L.  Pugh,  Eufauia. 


Goldsmith  W.  Hewitt,  Birmingham. 
William  H.  Forney,  Jacksonville. 
Joseph  Wheeler,7  Wheeler. 
William  M.  Lowe,8  Huntsville. 


James  D.  Walker,  Fayetteville. 


Jordan  E.  Cravens.  Clarksville. 
Thomas  M.  Gunter,  Fayetteville. 


CALIFORNIA. 


James  T.  Farley,  Jackson. 


SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


William  S.  Rosecrans,  San  Francisco. 
Horace  F.  Page,  Placerville. 


John  F.  Miller,  San  Francisco. 


Campbell  P.  Berry,  Wheatland. 
Romualdo  Pacheco,  San  Luis  Obispo. 


» Became  President  on  the  death  of  James  A.  Garfleld  Sep- 
tember 19,1881. 
2  Elected  October  10, 1881  (special  session  of  the  Senate). 

•  Elected  October  13, 1881  (special  session  of  the  Senate). 

•  Elected  March  3,  1883. 

^  Appointed  by  resolution  of  October  24,  1881,  to  fill  va- 
cancy caused  by  death  of  John  C.  Burch;  served  throughout 
the  Congress. 

•  Election  contested  by  James  Q.  Smith;  report  of  the  com- 
mittee favorable  to  contestant,  but  contestant  died  and  seat 

296 


was  declared  vacant;  subsequently  elected  to  fill  vacancy 
thus  caused,  and  took  his  seat  December  4,  1882;  this  elec- 
tion was  contested  by  John  W.  Jones,  but  was  undisposed 
of  at  close  of  the  Congress. 

'Served  until  Junes,  1882;  succeeded  by  William  M.  Lowe, 
who  contested  his  election;  subsequently  elected  to  fill  vacancy 
caused  by  the  death  of  Mr.  Lowe,  and  took  his  seat  January 
15, 1883. 

s  Successfully  contested  the  election  of  Joseph  Wheeler,  and 
took  his  seat  June  3, 1882;  died  August  16, 1882. 


FOETY-SEVENTH   CONGRESS. 


297 


COLORADO. 


SENATORS. 


Henry  M.  Teller,1  Denver. 
George  M.  Chilcott,2  Denver. 
Horace  A.  W.  Tabor,3  Denver. 


Nathaniel  P.  Hill,  Denver. 


REPRESENTATIVE. 

James  B.  Belford,  Central  City. 
CONNECTICUT. 

SENATORS. 

Orville  H.  Platt,  West  Meriden.  Joseph  R.  Hawley,  Hartford. 

REPRESENTATIVES . 


John  R.  Buck,  Hartford. 
James  Phelps,  Essex. 


John  T.  Wait,  Norwich. 
Frederick  Miles,  Chapinville. 


DELAWARE. 


SENATORS. 

Thomas  F.  Bayard,  Wilmington.  Eli  Saulsbury,  Dover. 

REPRESENTATIVE. 

E.  Livingston  Martin,  Seaford. 
FLORIDA. 

SENATORS. 

Charles  W.  Jones,  Pensacola.  Wilkinson  Call,  Jacksonville. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

Robert  H.  M.  Davidson,  Quincy. 


Benjamin  H.  Hill,6  Atlanta. 
Pope  Barrow,7  Athens. 


GEORGIA. 


SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


George  R.  Black,  Sylvania. 
Henry  G.  Turner,  Quitman. 
Philip  Cook,  Americus. 
Hugh  Buchanan,  Newman. 
Nathaniel  J.  Hammond,  Atlanta. 


David  Davis,  Bloomington. 


ILLINOIS. 


SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


William  Aldrich,  Chicago. 

George  R.  Davis,  Chicago. 

Charles  B.  Farwell,  Chicago. 

John  C.  Sherwin,  Aurora. 

Robert  M.  A.  Hawk,10  Mount  Carroll. 

Robert  R.  Hitt,11  Mount  Morris. 

Thomas  J.  Henderson,  Princeton. 

William  Cullen,  Ottawa. 

Lewis  E.  Payson,  Pontiac. 

John  H.  Lewis,  Knoxville. 


Horatio  Bisbee,  jr.,5  Jacksonville. 
Jesse  J.  Finley,4  Jacksonville. 


Joseph  E.  Brown,  Atlanta. 


James  H.  Blount,  Macon. 
Judson  C.  Clements,  La  Fayette. 
Alexander  H.  Stephens,8  Crawfordsville. 
Seaborn  Reese,9  Sparta. 
Emory  Speer,  Athens. 


John  A.  Logan,  Chicago. 

Benjamin  F.  Marsh,  Warsaw. 
James  W.  Singleton,  Quincy. 
William  M.  Springer,  Springfield. 
Dietrich  C.  Smith,  Pekin. 
Joseph  G.  Cannon,  Danville. 
Samuel  W.  Moulton,  Shelbyville. 
William  A.  J.  Sparks,  Carlyle. 
William  R.  Morrison,  Waterloo. 
John  R.  Thomas,  Metropolis. 
Richard  W.  Townshend,  Shawneetown. 


1  Resigned  April  17,  1882,  to  become  Secretary  of  the  Inte- 
rior. 

2  Appointed  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  Henry 
M.  Teller,  and  took  his  seat  April  17,  1882. 

3  Elected  to  fill  the  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  Henry 
M.  Teller,  and  took  his  seat  February  2,  1883. 

<  Served  until  June  1, 1882;  succeeded  by  Horatio  Bisbee,  jr., 
who  contested  his  election. 

'•>  Successfully  contested  the  election  of  Jesse  J.  Finley,  and 
took  his  seat  June  1, 1882. 


« Died  August  16, 1882. 

7  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  death  of  Benjamin  H. 
Hill,  and  took  his  seat  December  5,  1882. 

8  Resigned  November  4,  1882,  having  been  elected  Governor. 

9  Elected  to  fill  the  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  Alex- 
ander H.  Stephens,  and  took  his  seat  December  4.  1882. 

i"  Died  June  29,  1882. 

»  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  death  of  Robert  M.  A. 
Hawk,  and  took  his  seat  December  4,  1882. 


298 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 


INDIANA. 


SENATORS. 


Daniel  W.  Voorhees,  Terre  Haute. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


William  Heilman,  Evansville. 
Thomas  R.  Cobb,  Vincennes. 
Strother  M.  Stockslager,  Corydon. 
William  S.  Hoi  man,  Aurora. 
Courtland  C.  Matson,  Greencastle. 
Thomas  M.  Browne,  Winchester. 
Stanton  J.  Peelle,  Indianapolis. 


IOWA. 


Benjamin  Harrison,  Indianapolis. 


Robert  B.  F.  Peirce,  Crawfordsville. 
Godlove  S.  Orth,1  La  Fayette. 
Charles  T.  Doxey,2  Anderson. 
Mark  L.  DeMotte,  Valparaiso. 
George  W.  Steele,  Marion. 
Walpole  G.  Colerick,  Fort  Wayne. 
William  H.  Calkins,  Laporte. 


SENATORS. 


William  B.  Allison,  Dubuque. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


Moses  A.  McCoid,  Fairfield. 
Sewall  S.  Farwell,  Monticello. 
Thomas  Updegraff,  McGregor. 
Nathaniel  C.  Deering,  Osage. 
William  G.  Thompson,  Marion. 


John  J.  Ingalls,  Atchison. 

John  A.  Anderson,  Manhattan. 
Dudley  C.  Haskell,  Lawrence. 


KANSAS. 

SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


KENTUCKY. 


Samuel  J.  Kirkwood,3  Iowa  City. 
James  W.  McDill,4  Afton. 


Marsena  E.  Cutts,5  Oskaloosa. 
John  C.  Cook,6  Newton. 
John  A.  Kasson,  Des  Moines. 
William  P.  Hepburn,  Clarinda. 
Cyrus  C.  Carpenter,  Fort  Dodge. 


Preston  B.  Plumb,  Emporia. 
Thomas  Ryan,  Topeka. 


SENATORS. 
James  B.  Beck,  Lexington. 

REPRESE  NTATIVES . 

Oscar  Turner,  Oscarr. 
James  A.  McKenzie,  Long  View. 
John  W.  Caldwell,  Russellville. 
J.  Proctor  Knott,  Lebanon. 
Albert  S.  Willis,  Louisville. 

LOUISIANA. 

SENATORS. 

William  Pitt  Kellogg,  New  Orleans. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

Randall  Lee  Gibson,  New  Orleans. 
E.  John  Ellis,  New  Orleans. 
Chester  B.  Darrall,  Morgan  City. 

MAINE. 


John  S.  Williams,  Mount  Sterling. 

John  G.  Carlisle,  Covington. 
Joseph  C.  S.  Blackburn,  Versailles. 
Philip  B.  Thompson,  jr.,  Harrodsburg. 
John  D.  White,  Manchester. 
Elijah  C.  Phister,  Maysville. 


Benjamin  F.  Jonas,  New  Orleans. 


Newton  C.  Blanchard,  Shreveport. 

J.  Floyd  King,  Vidalia. 

Edward  W.  Robertson,  Baton  Rouge. 


James  G.  Elaine,7  Augusta. 
William  P.  Frye, 8  Lewiston. 


SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


Thomas  B.  Reed,9  Portland. 
William  P.  Frye,10  Lewiston. 
Nelson  Dingley,11  jr.,  Lewiston. 


Eugene  Hale,  Ellsworth. 


Stephen  D.  Lindsey,  Norridgewock. 
George  W.  Ladd,  Bangor. 
Thompson  H.  Murch,  Rockland. 


1  Died  December  16,  1882. 

2  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  death  of  Godlove  S.  Orth, 
and  took  his  seat  January  17,  1883. 

3  Resigned  March  7, 1881,  to  become  Secretary  of  the  Interior. 

4  Appointed  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  Samuel 
J.  Kirkwood,  and  took  his  seat  March  14,  1881  (special  ses- 
sion of  the  Senate);  subsequently  elected. 

6  Served  until  March  3,  1883,  succeeded  by  John  C.  Cook, 
who  contested  his  election. 

6  Successfully  contested  election  of  Marsena  E.  Cutts,  and 
took  his  seat  March  3,  1883 — closing  day  of  the  Congress. 


7  Resigned  March  5, 1881 ,  to  become  Secretary  of  State. 

8  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  James  G. 
Blaine,  and  took  his  seat  March  18, 1881  (special  session  of  the 
Senate). 

9  Election  unsuccessfully  contested  by  Samuel  J.  Anderson. 

10  Resigned  March  17,  1881,  having  been  elected  Senator. 

11  Elected  September  12, 1881,  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  the 
resignation  of  William  P.  Frye,  and  took  his  seat  December 
5,  1881. 


FORTY-SEVENTH   CONGRESS. 


299 


MARYLAND. 

SENATORS. 


James  B.  Groome,  Elkton. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


George  W.  Covington,  Snow  Hill. 
J.  Fred  C.  Talbott,  Towsontown. 
Fetter  S.  Hoblitzell,  Baltimore. 


Arthur  Pue  Gorman,  Laurel. 


Robert  M.  McLane,  Baltimore. 
Andrew  G.  Chapman,  La  Plata. 
Milton  G.  Urner,  Frederick  City. 


MASSACHUSETTS. 

SENATORS. 

Henry  L.  Dawes,  Pittsfield.  George  F.  Hoar,  Worcester. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 


William  W.  Crapo,  New  Bedford. 
Benjamin  W.  Harris,  East  Bridgewater. 
Ambrose  A.  Ranney,  Boston. 
Leopold  Morse,  Boston. 
Selwyn  Z.  Bowman,  Somerville. 
Eben  F.  Stone,  Newburyport. 


William  A.  Russell,  Lawrence. 
John  W.  Candler,  Brookline. 
William  W.  Rice,  Worcester. 
Amasa  Norcross,  Fitchburg. 
George  D.  Robinson,  Chicopee. 


MICHIGAN. 

SENATORS. 

Thomas  W.  Ferry,  Grand  Haven. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

Henry  W.  Lord,  Detroit. 
Edwin  Willits,  Monroe. 
Edward  S.  Lacey,  Charlotte. 
Julius  C.  Burrows,  Kalamazoo. 
George  W.  Webber,  Ionia. 


Omar  D.  Conger,  Port  Huron. 


Oliver  L.  Spaulding,  St.  Johns. 
John  T.  Rich,  Elba. 
Roswell  G.  Horr,  East  Saginaw. 
Jay  A.  Hubbell,  Houghton. 


MINNESOTA. 

SENATORS. 


Samuel  J.  R.  McMillan,  St.  Paul. 


Mark  H.  Dunnell,  Owatonna 
Horace  B.  Strait,  Shakopee. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


William  Windom,1  Winona. 
Alonzo  J.  Edgerton,2  Kasson. 
William  Windom,3  Winona. 


Willliam  D.  Washburn,  Minneapolis. 


Lucius  Q.  C.  Lamar,  Oxford. 


MISSISSIPPI. 


SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


Henry  L.  Muldrow,  Starkville. 
Van  H.  Manning,4  Holly  Springs. 
Hernando  De  Soto  Money,  Winona. 
Otho  R.  Singleton,  Canton. 


James  Z.  George,  Jackson. 


Charles  E.  Hooker,  Jackson. 
James  R.  Chalmers,5  Vicksburg. 
John  R.  Lynch, 8  Natchez. 


1  Resigned    March   4,   1881,  to    become    Secretary   of   the 
Treasury. 

2  Appointed  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  William 
Windom,  and  took  his  seat  March  17,  1881  (special  session  of 
the  Senate). 

3  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  his  own  resignation,  and 
took  his  seat  December  5, 1881. 


<  Election  unsuccessfully  contested  by  George  M.  Buchanan. 

5  Served  until  April  29, 1882;  succeeded  by  John  R.  Lynch, 
who  contested  his  election. 

6  Successfully  contested  the  election  of  James  R.  Chalmers;, 
and  took  his  seat  April  29,  1882. 


300 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 


MISSOURI. 


SENATORS. 


Francis  M.  Cockrell,  Warrensburg. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


Martin  L.  Clardy,  Farmington. 
Thomas  Allen,1  St.  Louis. 
James  H.  McLean,2  St.  Louis. 
Richard  G.  Frost,  3  St.  Louis. 
Gustavus  Sessinghaus,4  St.  Louis. 
Lowndes  H.  Davis,  Jackson. 
Richard  P.  Bland,  Lebanon. 
Ira  S.  Hazel  tine,  Springfield. 


NEBRASKA. 


SENATORS. 


Alvin  Saunders,  Omaha. 


George  G.  Vest,  Kansas  City. 


Theron  M.  Rice,  Booneville. 
Robert  T.  Van  Horn,  Kansas  City. 
Nicholas  Ford,  Rochester. 
Joseph  H.  Barrows,  Cainsville. 
John  B.  Clark,  jr.,  Fayette. 
William  H.  Hatch,  Hannibal. 
Aylett  H.  Buckner,  Mexico. 


Charles  H.  Van  Wyck,  Nebraska  City. 


REPRESENTATIVE.5 

Edward  K.  Valentine,  West  Point. 
NEVADA. 


SENATORS. 

John  P.  Jones,  Gold  Hill.  James  G.  Fair,  Virginia  City. 

REPRESENTATIVE . 

George  W.  Cassidy,  Eureka. 
NEW  HAMPSHIRE. 

SENATORS. 

Edward  II.  Rollins,  Concord.  Henry  W.  Blair,  Plymouth. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

Ossian  Ray,  Lancaster. 


Joshua  G.  Hall,  Dover. 
James  F.  Briggs,  Manchester. 


NEW  JERSEY. 


John  R.  McPherson,  Jersey  City. 


SENATORS. 


George  M.  Robeson,  Camden. 
J.  Hart  Brewer,  Trenton. 
Miles  Ross,  New  Brunswick. 
Henry  S.  Harris,  Belvidere. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


NEW  YORK. 

SENATORS. 


Roscoe  Conkling,6  Utica. 

El  bridge  G.  Laphain,7  Canandaigua. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


Perry  Belmont,  Babylon. 
William  E.  Robinson,  Brooklyn. 
J.  Hyatt  Smith,  Brooklyn. 
Archibald  M.  Bliss,  Brooklyn. 
Benjamin  Wood,  New  York. 


William  J.  Sewell,  Camden. 


John  Hill,  Boonton. 

Phineas  Jones,  Newark. 

Augustus  A.  Hardenberg,  Jersey  City. 


Thomas  C.  Platt,6  Owego. 
Warner  Miller,8  Herkimer. 


Samuel  S.  Cox,  New  York. 
P.  Henry  Dugro,  New  York. 
Anson  G.  McCook,  New  York. 
John  Hardy,9  New  York. 
Abram  S.  Hewitt,  New  York. 


1  Died  April  8,  1882. 

2  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  death  of  Thomas  Allen, 
and  took  his  seat  December  15, 1882. 

s  Served  until  March  2. 1883;  succeeded  by  Gustavus  Ses- 
singhaus, who  contested  his  election. 

'Successfully  contested  the  election  of  Richard  G.  Frost, 
and  took  his  seat  March  2, 1883. 

°  Thomas  J.  Majors,  of  Peru,  presented  credentials  as  a 
contingent  (or  additional)  representative,  but  was  not  per- 
mitted to  take  a  seat. 


6  Resigned  May  1C,  1881. 

7  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  Roscoe 
Conkling,  and  took  his  seat  October  11, 1881  (special  session  of 
the  Senate). 

8  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  Thomas  C. 
Platt,  and  took  his  seat  October  11. 1881  (special  session  of  the 
Senate) . 

9  Elected   to  fill   vacancy   caused  by  death  of   Fernando 
Wood  before  the  beginning  of  the  Congress,  and  took  his 
seat  December  5, 1881. 


FORTY-SEVENTH   CONGRESS. 


301 


Roswell  P.  Flower,  New  York. 
Waldo  Hutchins,  Kingsbridge. 
John  H.  Ketcham,  Dover  Plains. 
Lewis  Beach,  Cornwall. 
Thomas  Cornell,  Rondout. 
Michael  N.  Nolan,  Albany. 
Walter  A.  Wood,  Hoosick  Falls. 
John  Hammond,  Crown  Point. 
Abraham  X.  Parker,  Potsdam. 
George  West,  Ballston  Spa. 
Ferris  Jacobs,  jr. ,  Delhi. 
Warner  Miller,1  Herkimer. 


Charles  R.  Skinner,2  Watertown. 
Cyrus  D.  Prescott,  Rome. 
Joseph  H.  Mason,  Hamilton. 
Frank  Hiscock,  Syracuse. 
John  H.  Camp,  Lyons. 
James  W.  Wadsworth,  Livingstone. 
Jeremiah  W.  Dwight,  Dryden. 
David  P.  Richardson,  Angelica. 
John  Van  Voorhis,  Rochester. 
Richard  Crowley,  Lockport. 
Jonathan  Scoville,  Buffalo. 
Henry  Van  Aernam,  Franklin ville. 


NORTH  CAROLINA. 


SENATORS. 

Matt  W.  Ransom,  Weldon. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

Louis  C.  Latham,  Greenville. 
Orlando  Hubbs,  Newbern. 
John  W.  Shackleford,3  Jacksonville. 
William  R.  Cox,  Raleigh. 


OHIO. 


SENATORS. 


George  H.  Pendleton,  Cincinnati. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


Benjamin  Butterworth,  Cincinnati. 
Thomas  L.  Young,  Cincinnati. 
Henry  L.  Morey,  Hamilton. 
Emanuel  Shultz,  Dayton. 
Benjamin  LeFeyre,  Sidney. 
James  M.  Ritchie,  Toledo. 
John  P.  Leedom,  West  Union. 
Joseph  W.  Keifer,  Springfield. 
James  S.  Robinson,  Kenton. 
John  B.  Rice,  Fremont. 
Henry  S.  Neal,  Ironton. 


Zebulon  B.  Vance,  Charlotte. 


Alfred  M.  Scales,  Greensboro. 
Clement  Dowd,  Charlotte. 
Robert  F.  Armfield,  Statesville. 
Robert  B.  Vance,  Ashe  ville. 


John  Sherman,*  Mansfield. 


George  L.  Converse,  Columbus. 
Gibson  Atherton,  Newark. 
George  W.  Geddes,  Mansfield. 
Rufus  R.  Dawes,  Marietta. 
Jonathan  T.  Updegraff  ,5Mount  Pleasant. 
Joseph  D.  Taylor,6  Cambridge. 
William  McKinley,  jr.,  Canton. 
Addison  S.  McClure,  Wooster. 
Ezra  B.  Taylor,  Warren. 
Amos  Townsend,  Cleveland. 


OREGON. 


La  Fayette  Grover,  Salem. 


SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVE. 


James  H.  Slater,  La  Grande. 


Melvin  C.  George,  Portland. 
PENNSYLVANIA. 


J.  Donald  Cameron,  Harrisburg. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


Henry  H.  Bingham,  Philadelphia. 
Charles  O'Neill,  Philadelphia. 
Samuel  J.  Randall,  Philadelphia. 
William  D.  Kelley,  Philadelphia. 
Alfred  C.  Harmer,  Philadelphia. 
William  Ward,  Chester. 
William  Godshalk,  New  Britain. 
Daniel  Ermentrout,  Reading. 
A.  Herr  Smith,  Lancaster. 
William  Mutchler,  Easton. 
Robert  Klotz,  Mauch  Chunk. 
Joseph  A.  Scranton,  Scranton. 
Charles  N.  Brumm,  Minersville. 
Samuel  F.  Barr,  Harrisburg. 


John  I.  Mitchell,  Wellsboro. 


Cornelius  C.  Jadwin,  Honesdale. 
Robert  J.  C.  Walker,  Williamsport. 
Jacob  M.  Campbell,  Johnstown. 
Horatio  G.  Fisher,  Huntingdon. 
Frank  E.  Beltzhoover,  Carlisle. 
Andrew  G.  Curtin,  Bellefonte. 
Morgan  R.  Wise,  Waynesburg. 
Russell  Errett,  Pittsburgh. 
Thomas  M.  Bayne,  Allegheny. 
William  S.  Shallenberger,  Rochester. 
James  Mosgrove,  Kittanning. 
Samuel  N.  Miller,  Mercer. 
Lewis  F.  Watson,  Warren. 


i  Resigned ,  1881,  having  been  elected  Senator. 

11  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  Warner 
Miller,  and  took  his  seat  December  5,  1881. 
s  Died  January  18,  1883. 
*  Elected  for  the  term  commencing  March  4,  1881.    James 


A.  Garfleld  was  elected  but  resigned  December  23,  1880,  hav- 
ing been  elected  President  of  the  United  States. 

a  Died  November  30,  1882. 

6  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  the  death  of  Jonathan 
T.  Updegraff,  and  took  his  seat  January.  16, 1882. 


302 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 


RHODE    ISLAND. 

SENATORS. 


Henry  B.  Anthony,  Providence. 


Ambrose  E.  Burnside,1  Providence. 
Nelson  W.  Aldrich,2  Providence. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 

Henry  J.  Spooner,  Providence.  Jonathan  Chace,  Providence. 

SOUTH  CAROLINA. 

SENATORS. 


Matthew  C.  Butler,  Edgefield. 


Wade  Hampton,  Charleston. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 

John  S.  Richardson,  Sumter.  D.  Wyatt  Aiken,  Cokesbury 

Michael  P.  O'Connor,3  Charleston. 
Samuel  Dibble,4  Orangeburg. 
Edmund  W.  M.  Mackey,5  Charleston. 

TENNESSEE. 

SENATORS. 


John  H.  Evins,  Spartanburg. 
George  D.  Tillman,6  Edgefield. 
Robert  Smalls,7  Beaufort. 


Isham  G.  Harris,  Memphis. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


Augustus  H.  Pettibone,  Greenville. 
Leonidas  C.  Houk,  Knoxville. 
George  G.  Dibrell,  Sparta. 
Benton  McMillin,  Carthage. 
Richard  Warner,  Lewisburg. 


Samuel  B.  Maxey,  Paris. 


TEXAS. 


SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


John  H.  Reagan,  Palestine. 
David  B.  Culberson,  Jefferson. 
Olin  Wellborn,  Dallas. 


VERMONT. 


SENATORS. 


George  F.  Edmunds,  Burlington. 


Howell  E.  Jackson.  Jackson. 


John  F.  House,  Clarksville. 
Washington  C.  Whitthorne,  Columbia. 
John  D.  C.  Atkins,  Paris. 
Charles  B.  Simonton,  Covington. 
William  R.  Moore,  Memphis. 


Richard  Coke,  Waco. 


Roger  Q.  Mills,  Corsicana. 
George  W.  Jones,  Bastrop. 
Columbus  Upson,  San  Antonio. 


Justin  S.  Morrill,  Strafford. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 

Charles  H.  Joyce,  Rutland.  William  W.  Grout,  Barton. 

James  M.  Tyler,  Brattleboro. 

VIRGINIA. 


John  W.  Johnston,  Abingdon. 


George  T.  Garrison,  Accomac. 
John  F.  Dezendorf,  Norfolk. 
George  D.  Wise,  Richmond. 
Joseph  Jorgensen,  Petersburg. 
George  C.  Cabell,8  Danville. 


SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


William  Mahone,  Petersburg. 


John  R.  Tucker,  Lexington. 
John  Paul,  Harrisonburg. 
John  S.  Barbour,9  Alexandria. 
Abram  Fulkerson,  Bristol. 


1  Died  September  13, 1881. 

2  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  death  of  Ambrose  E. 
Burnside,  and  took  his  seat  December  5,  1881. 

3  Died  April  26,  1881,  while  a  contest  of  his  election  was 
pending,  instituted  by  Edmund  W.  M.  Mackey. 

«  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  the  death  of  Michael  P. 
O'Connor;  took  his  seat  December  5,  1881,  and  served  until 
May  31,  1882;  succeeded  by  Edmund  W.  M.  Mackey,  who 
contested  the  election  of  Mr.  O'Connor  in  the  first  instance 
and  who  continued  the  contest  as  against  him. 


6  Successfully  contested  the  election  of  Samuel  Dibble,  as 
the  successor  of  the  original  contestee,  Mr.  O'Connor,  and  took 
the  seat  May  31,  1882. 

6  Served  until  July  19, 1882;  succeeded  by  Robert  Smalls, 
who  contested  his  election. 

7  Successfully  contested  the  election  of  George  D.  Tillman, 
and  took  his  seat  July  19, 1882. 

8  Election  unsuccessfully  contested  by  John  T.  Stovell. 

9  Election  unsuccessfully  contested  by  S.  P.  Bayley. 


FORTY-SEVENTH    CONGRESS.  303 

WEST   VIRGINIA. 

SENATORS. 

Henry  G.  Davis,  Piedmont.  Johnson  N.  Camden,  Parkersburg. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

Benjamin  Wilson,  Clarksburg.  John  E.  Kenna,  Kanawha. 

John  B.  Hoge,  Martinsburg. 

WISCONSIN. 

SENATORS. 

Angus  Cameron,1  La  Crosse.  Philetus  Sawyer,  Oshkosh. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

Charles  G.  Williams,  Janesville.  Edward  S.  Bragg,  Fond  du  lac. 

Lucien  B.  Caswell,  Fort  Atkinson.  Richard  Guenther,  Oshkosh. 

George  C.  Hazelton,  Boscobel.  Herman  L.  Humphrey,  Hudson. 

Peter  V.  Deuster,  Milwaukee.  Thaddeua  C.  Pound,  Chippewa  Falls. 

TERRITORY  OF  ARIZONA. 

DELEGATE. 

Granville  H.  Oury,  Florence. 
TERRITORY  OF  DAKOTA. 

DELEGATE. 

Richard  F.  Pettigrew,  Sioux  Falls. 
TERRITORY  OF  IDAHO. 

DELEGATE. 

George  Ainslie,  Idaho  City. 
TERRITORY  OF  MONTANA. 

DELEGATE. 

Martin  Maginnis,  Helena. 
TERRITORY  OF  NEW  MEXICO 

DELEGATE. 

Tranquilino  Luna,  Loa  Lunas. 
TERRITORY  OF  UTAH. 

DELEGATE. 

John  T.  Caine,2  Salt  Lake  City. 
TERRITORY  OF  WASHINGTON. 

DELEGATE. 

Thomas  H.  Brents,  Walla  Walla. 
TERRITORY  OF  WYOMING. 

DELEGATE. 

Morton  E.  Post,  Cheyenne. 

i  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  death  of  Matthew  H.  ants  for  this  seat;  by  resolution  of  April  20,  1882,  it  was 

Carpenter  in  preceding  Congress,  and  took  his  seat  October  10,  declared  that  neither  was  entitled  to  it  and  seat  was  declared 

1881.  vacant;  presented  credentials  under  subsequent  election,  and 

*  Allen  G.  Campbell  and  George  Q.  Cannon  were  contest-  took  his  seat  January  17, 1883. 


FORTY-EIGHTH  CONGRESS. 


MARCH  4,  1883,  TO  MARCH  3,  1885. 


FIRST  SESSION— December  3,  1883,  to  July  7,  1884.    SECOND  SESSION— December  1, 

1884,  to  March  3,  1885. 


VICE  PRESIDENT,1 
F.  Edmunds,2  of  Vermont. 


PRESIDENT   OF  THE  SENATE  PRO  TEMPORE— George 


SECRETARY  OF  THE  SENATE— Anson  G.  McCook,3  of  New  York. 
SPEAKER   OF  THE  HOUSE— Joan  G.  Carlisle,  of  Kentucky.     CLERK  OF  THE  HOUSE— 
John  B.  Clark,  jr.,  of  Missouri. 


John  T.  Morgan,  Selma. 


ALABAMA. 

SENATORS. 
REPRESENTATIVES. 


Thomas  H.  Herndon,4  Mobile. 
James  T.  Jones,5  Demopolis. 
Hilary  A.  Herbert,  Montgomery. 
William  C.  Gates,  Abbeville. 
Charles  M.  Shelley,6  Selma. 


ARKANSAS. 


James  L.  Pugh,  Eufaula. 

George  H.  Craig,7  Selma. 
Thomas  Williams,  Wetumpka. 
Goldsmith  W.  Hewitt,  Birmingham. 
William  H.  Forney,  Jacksonville. 
Luke  Pry  or,  Athens. 


SENATORS. 
Augustus  H.  Garland,  Little  Rock. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

Poindexter  Dunn,  Forest  City. 
James  K.  Jones,  Washington. 
John  H.  Rogers,  Fort  Smith. 


James  T.  Farley,  Jackson. 


CALIFORNIA. 

SENATORS. 
REPRESENTATIVES. 


Charles  A.  Sumner,  San  Francisco. 
John  R.  Glascock,  Oakland. 
William  S.  Rosecrans,  San  Francisco. 

COLORADO. 

SENATORS. 

Nathaniel  P.  Hill,  Denver. 

REPRESENTATIVE. 

James  B.  Belford,  Central 
CONNECTICUT. 


James  D.  Walker,  Fayetteville. 


Samuel  W.  Peel,  Bentonville. 
Clifton  R.  Breckinridge,  Pine  Bluff. 


John  F.  Miller,  San  Francisco. 


James  H.  Budd,  Stockton. 
Barclay  Henley,  Santa  Rosa. 
Pleasant  B.  Tulley,  Gilroy. 


Thomas  M.  Bowen,  Del  Norte. 
City. 


SENATORS. 

Orville  H.  Platt,  West  Meriden.  Joseph  R.  Hawley,  Hartford. 

4 

REPRESENTATIVES. 


William  W.  Eaton,  Hartford. 

C.  Le  Moyne  Mitchell,  New  Haven. 


John  T.  Wait,  Norwich. 
Edward  W.  Seymour,  Litchfield. 


"Chester  A.  Arthur    became   President  on   the    death  of 
James  A.  Garfleld  in  preceding  Congress. 

2  Elected  January  14,  1884. 

3  Elected  December  18.  1883. 

«Died  March  28, 1883,  before  the  convening  of  Congress. 

304 


0  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  death  of  Thomas  II. 
Herndon,  and  took  his  seat  December  3,  1883. 

6 Served  until  January  9, 1885;  succeeded  by  George  H.  Craig, 
who  contested  his  election. 

7  Successfully  contested  the  election  of  Charles  M.  Shelley, 
and  took  his  seat  January  9,  1885;  resigned  March  3,  1885. 


FOETY-EIGHTH    CONGRESS. 


305 


DELAWARE. 

SENATORS. 

Thomas  F.  Bayard,  Wilmington.  Eli  Saulsbury,  Dover. 

REPRESENTATIVE. 

Charles  B.  Lore,  Wilmington. 
FLORIDA. 


SENATORS. 

Charles  W.  Jones,  Pensacola. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

Robert  H.  M.  Davidson,  Quincy. 


Joseph  E.  Brown,  Atlanta. 


GEORGIA. 

SENATORS. 


REPRFSENTATIVES. 


John  C.  Nicholls,  Blackshear. 
Henry  G.  Turner,  Quitman. 
Charles  F.  Crisp,  Americus. 
Hugh  Buchanan,  Newnan. 
Nathaniel  J.  Hammond,  Atlanta. 


John  A.  Logan,  Chicago. 


ILLINOIS. 

SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


Ransom  W-  Dunham,  Chicago. 
John  F.  Finer ty,  Chicago. 
•George  R.  Davis,  Chicago. 
George  E.  Adams,  Chicago. 
Reuben  Ellwood,  Sycamore. 
Robert  R.  Hitt,  Mount  Morris. 
Thomas  J.  Henderson,  Princeton. 
William  Cullen,  Ottawa. 
Lewis  E.  Payson,  Pontiac. 
Nicholas  E.  Worthington,  Peoria. 

INDIANA. 

SENATORS. 

Daniel  W.  Voorhees,  Terre  Haute. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

John  J.  Kleiner,  Evansville. 
Thomas  R.  Cobb,  Vincennes. 
Strother  M.  Stockslager,  Corydon. 
William  S.  Holman,  Aurora. 
Courtland  C.  Matson,  Greencastle. 
Thomas  M.  Browne,  Winchester. 
Stanton  J.  Peelle,1  Indianapolis. 
William  E.  English,2  Indianapolis. 

IOWA. 

SENATORS. 

William  B.  Allison,  Dubuque. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

Moses  A.  McCoid,  Fairfield. 

Jeremiah  H.  Murphy,  Davenport. 

David  B.  Henderson,  Dubuque. 

Luman  H.  Weller,  Nashua. 

James  Wilson,5  Traer. 

Benjamin  T.  Frederick,6  Marshalltown. 

John  C.  Cook,  Newton. 


Wilkinson  Call,  Jacksonville. 
Horatio  Bisbee,  jr.,  Jacksonville. 

Alfred  H.  Colquitt,  Atlanta. 

James  H.  Blount,  Macon. 
Judson  C.  Clements,  La  Fayette. 
Seaborn  Reese,  Sparta. 
Allen  D.  Candler,  Gainesville. 
Thomas  Hardeman,  Macon. 

Shelby  M.  Cullom,  Springfield. 

Willi'am  H.  Neece,  Macomb. 
James  M.  Riggs,  Winchester. 
William  M.  Springer,  Springfield. 
Jonathan  H.  Rowell,  Bloomington. 
Joseph  G.  Cannon,  Danville. 
Aaron  Shaw,  Olney. 
Samuel  W.  Moulton,  Shelbyville. 
William  R.  Morrison,  Waterloo. 
Richard  W.  Townshend,  Shawneetown. 
John  R.  Thomas,  Metropolis. 


Benjamin  Harrison,  Indianapolis. 

John  E.  Lamb,  Terre  Haute. 
Thomas  B.  Ward,  La  Fayette. 
Thomas  J.  Wood,  Crown  Point. 
George  W.  Steele,  Marion. 
Robert  Lowry,  Fort  Wayne. 
William  H.  Calkins,3  Laporte. 
Benjamin  F.  Shively,4  North  Bend. 


James  F.  Wilson,  Fairfield. 

John  A.  Kasson,7  Des  Moines. 
Hiram  Y.  Smith,8  Des  Moines.  « 

William  P.  Hepburn,  Clarinda. 
William  H.  M.  Pusey,  Council  Bluffs. 
Adoniram  J.  Holmes,  Boone. 
Isaac  S.  Struble,  Le  Mars. 


»S3rved  until  May  22, 1884;  succeeded  by  William  E.  Eng- 
lish, who  contested  his  election. 

*  Successfully  contested  the  election  of  Stanton  J.  Peelle,  and 
took  his  seat  May  22,  1884. 

3  Resigned  October  20,  1884. 

« Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  William  H. 
Calkins,  and  took  his  seat  December  1,  1884. 


6  Served  until  March  3,  1885  (closing  day  of  the  Congress); 
succeeded  by  Benjamin  T.  Frederick,  who  contested  his  election. 

6  Successfully  contested  the  election  of  Jarnes  Wilson,  and 
took  his  seat  March  3,  1885. 

J  Resigned  July  13,  1884. 

8  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  John  A. 
Kasson,  and  took  his  seat  December  2,  1884. 


50346°— S.  Doc.  654.  61-2- 


-20 


306 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIKECTOEY. 
KANSAS. 

SENATORS. 


John  J.  Ingalls,  Atchison. 


REPRESENTATIVES . 


John  A.  Anderson,  Manhattan. 
Dudley  C.  Haskell,1  Topeka. 
Edward  H.  Funston,2  lola. 
Thomas  Ryan,  Topeka. 


James  B.  Beck,  Lexington. 


KENTUCKY. 

SENATORS. 
REPRESENTATIVES . 


Oscar  Turner,  Oscar. 
James  F.  Clay,  Henderson. 
John  E.  Halsell,  Bowling  Green. 
Thomas  A.  Robertson,  Elizabethtown. 
Albert  S.  Willis,  Louisville. 
John  G.  Carlisle,  Covington. 


LOUISIANA. 

SENATORS. 


Benjamin  F.  Jonas,  New  Orleans. 


REPRESENTATIVES . 


Carleton  Hunt,  New  Orleans. 
E.  John  Ellis,  New  Orleans. 
William  Pitt  Kellogg,  New  Orleans. 


Preston  B.  Plumb,  Emporia. 


Edmund  N.  Morrill,  Hiawatha. 
Lewis  Hariback,  Osborne. 
Samuel  R.  Peters,3  Newton. 
Bishop  W.  Perkins,  Oswego. 


John  S.  Williams,  Mount  Sterling. 

Joseph  C.  S.  Blackburn,  Versailles. 
Philip  B.  Thompson,  jr.,  Harrodsburg. 
William  W.  Culbertson,  Ashland. 
John  D.  White,  Manchester. 
Frank  L.  Wolford,  Columbia. 


Randall  L.  Gibson,  New  Orleans. 


Newton  C.  Blanchard,  Shreveport. 
J.  Floyd  King,  Vidalia. 
Edward  T.  Lewis,4  Opelousas. 


Eugene  Hale,  Ellsworth. 

Thomas  B.  Reed,  Portland. 
Nelson  Dingley,  jr.,  Lewiston. 


MAINE. 

SENATORS. 
REPRESENTATIVES . 


William  P.  Frye,  Lewiston. 


Charles  A.  Boutelle,  Bangor. 
Seth  L.  Milliken,  Belfast. 


MARYLAND. 

SENATORS. 


James  B.  Groome,  Elkton. 


REPRESENTATIVES . 


George  W.  Covington,  Snow  Hill. 
J.  Fred  C.  Talbott,  Towsontown. 
Fetter  S.  Hoblitzell,  Baltimore. 


Arthur  Pue  Gorman,  Laurel. 


John  V.  L.  Findlay,  Baltimore. 
Hart  B.  Holton,  Powhatan. 
Louis  E.  McComas,  Hagerstown. 


MASSACHUSETTS. 


Henry  L.  Dawes,  Pittsfield. 


Robert  T.  Davis,  Fall  River. 
John  D.  Long,  Hingham. 
Ambrose  A.  Ranney,  Boston. 
Patrick  A.  Collins,  Boston. 
Leopold  Morse,  Boston. 
Henry  B.  Lovering,  Lynn. 
Eben  F.  Stone,  Newburyport. 


SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


George  F.  Hoar,  Worcester. 


William  A.  Russell,  Lawrence. 
Theodore  Lyman,  Brookline. 
William  W.  Rice,  Worcester. 
William  Whiting,  Holyoke. 
George  D.  Robinson,5  Chicopee. 
Francis  W.  Rockwell,6  Pittsfield. 


1  Died  December  16, 1883. 

2  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  death  of  Dudley  C.  Haskell, 
and  took  his  seat  March  21,  1884. 

a  Election  unsuccessfully  contested  by  Samuel  N.  Wood. 
<  Took  his  seat  March  4,   1883.    Andrew   S.  Herron  was 
elected  but  died  before  the  commencement  of  the  Congress. 


5  Resigned  January  7, 1884. 

6  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  George  D. 
Robinson,  and  took  his  seat  January  26,  1884. 


FORTY-EIGHTH    CONGRESS. 

• 

MICHIGAN. 

SENATORS. 

Omar  D.  Conger,  Port  Huron.  Thomas  W.  Palmer,  Detroit. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 


307 


William  C.  Maybury,  Detroit. 
Nathaniel  B.  Eldredge,  Adrian. 
Edward  S.  Lacey,  Charlotte. 
George  L.  Yaple,  Mendon. 
Julius  Houseman,  Grand  Rapids. 
Edwin  B.  Winans,  Hamburg. 


Ezra  C.  Carleton,  Port  Huron. 
Roswell  G.  Horr,  East  Saginaw. 
Byron  M.  Cutcheon,  Manistee. 
Herschel  H.  Hatch,  Bay  City. 
Edward  Breitung,  Negaunee. 


MINNESOTA. 

SENATORS. 

Samuel  J.  R.  McMillan,  St.  Paul.  Dwight  M.  Sabin,  Stillwater. 

REPRESENTATIVES . 


Milo  White,  Chatfield. 

James  B.  Wakefield,  Blue  Earth  City. 

Horace  B.  Strait,  Shakopee. 

MISSISSIPPI. 


William  D.  Washburn,  Minneapolis. 
Knute  Nelson,  Alexandria. 


SENATORS. 
Lucius  Q.  C.  Lamar,  Oxford.  James  Z.  George,  Jackson. 

REPRESENTATIVES . 


Henry  L.  Muldrow,  Starkyille. 
James  R.  Chalmers,1  Sardis. 
Elza  Jeffords,  Mayersville. 
Hernando  D.  Money,  Winona. 


MISSOURI. 

SENATORS. 


Francis  M.  Cockrell,  Warrensburg. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


William  H.  Hatch,  Hannibal. 
Armstead  M.  Alexander,  Paris. 
Alexander  M.  Dockery,  Gallatin. 
James  N.  Burnes,  St.  Joseph. 
Alexander  Graves,  Lexington. 
John  Cosgrove,  Boonville. 
Aylett  H.  Buckner,  Mexico. 

NEBRASKA. 

SENATORS. 

Charles  H.  Van  Wyck,  Nebraska  City. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


Archibald  J.  Weaver,  Falls  City. 
James  Laird,  Hastings. 


John  P.  Jones,  Gold  Hill. 


NEVADA. 

SENATORS. 


Oiho  R.  Singleton,  Forest. 
Henry  S.  Van  Eaton,  Woodville. 
Ethelbert  Barksdale,  Jackson. 


George  G.  Vest,  Kansas  City. 


John  J.  O'Neill,  St.  Louis. 
James  O.  Broadhead,  St.  Louis. 
Martin  L.  Clardy,  Farmington. 
Richard  P.  Bland,  Lebanon. 
Charles  H.  Morgan,  Lamar. 
Robert  W.  Fyan,  Marshfield. 
Lowndes  H.  Davis,  Jackson. 


Charles  F.  Manderson,  Omaha. 


Edward  K.  Valentine,  West  Point. 


James  G.  Fair,  Virginia  City. 


REPRESENTATIVE. 

George  W.  Cassidy,  Eureka. 
NEW  HAMPSHIRE. 

SENATORS. 

Henry  W.  Blair,  Manchester.  Austin  F.  Pike,  Franklin. 

REPRESENTATIVES . 


Martin  A.  Haynes,  Lake  Village. 


Ossian  Ray,  Lancaster. 


»  Successfully  contested  the  election  of  Van  H.  Manning,  and  took  his  seat  June  25, 1884;  pending  the  determination  of  the 
contest  the  seat  was  vacant. 


308 


CONGRESSIONAL,  DIRECTORY. 


NEW  JERSEY. 


John  R.  McPherson,  Jersey  City. 


SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES . 


Thomas  M.  Ferrell,  Glassboro. 
J.  Hart  Brewer,  Trenton. 
John  Kean,  jr.,  Elizabeth. 
Benjamin  F.  Howey,  Columbia. 


NEW  YORK. 


Warner  Miller,  Herkimer. 


SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


Perry  Belmont,  Babylon. 
William  E.  Robinson,  Brooklyn. 
Darwin  R.  James,  Brooklyn. 
Felix  Campbell,  Brooklyn. 
Nicholas  Muller,  New  York. 
Samuel  S.  Cox,  New  York. 
William  Dorsheimer,  New  York. 
John  J.  Adams,  New  York. 
John  Hardy,  New  York. 
Abram  S.  Hewitt,  New  York. 
Orlando  B.  Potter,  New  York. 
Waldo  Hutchins,  Kingsbridge. 
John  H.  Ketcham,  Dover  Plains. 
Lewis  Beach,  Cornwall. 
John  H.  Bagley,  jr.,  Catskill. 
Thomas  J.  Van  Alstyne,  Albany. 
Henry  G.  Burleigh,  Whitehall. 


William  J.  Sewell,  Camden. 


William  W.   Phelps,   Teaneck,   Engle- 

wood. 

William  H.  F.  Fiedler,  Newark. 
William  McAdoo,  Jersey  City. 


Elbridge  G.  Lapham,  Canandaigua. 

Frederick  A.  Johnson,  Glens  Falls. 
Abraham  X.  Parker,  Potsdam. 
Edward  Wemple,  Fultonville. 
George  W.  Ray,  Chenango. 
Charles  R.  Skinner,  Watertown. 
John  T.  Spriggs,  Utica. 
Newton  W.  Nutting,  Oswego. 
Frank  Hiscock,  Syracuse. 
Sereno  E.  Payne,  Auburn. 
James  W.  Wads  worth,  Geneseo. 
Stephen  C.  Millard,  Binghamton. 
John  Arnot,  jr.,  Elmira. 
Halbert  S.  Greenleaf,  Rochester. 
Robert  S.  Stevens,  Attica. 
William  F.  Rogers,  Buffalo. 
Francis  B.  Brewer,  Westfield. 
H.  Warner  S  locum,  Brooklyn. 


NORTH  CAROLINA. 


Matt  W.  Ransom,  Weldon. 


SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


Walter  R.  Poole,1 
Thomas  G.  Skinner,2  Hertford. 
Jamea  E.  O'Hara,  Enfield. 
Wharton  J.  Green,  Fayetteville. 
William  R.  Cox,  Raleigh. 
Alfred  M.  Scales,3  Greensboro. 


Zebulon  B.  Vance,  Charlotte. 

James  W.  Reid,4  Wentworth. 
Clement  Dowd,  Charlotte. 
Tyre  York,  Trap  Hill. 
Robert  B.  Vance,  Asheville. 
Risden  T.  Bennett,  Wadesboro. 


OHIO. 


SENATORS. 


George  H.  Pendleton,  Cincinnati. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


John  F.  Follett,  Cincinnati. 
Isaac  M.  Jordan,  Cincinnati. 
Robert  M.  Murray,  Piqua. 
Benjamin  LeFevre,  Maplewood. 
George  E.  Seney,  Tiffin. 
William  D.  Hill,  Defiance. 
Henry  L.  Morey,5  Hamilton. 
James  E.  Campbell,6  Hamilton. 
Joseph  W.  Keifer,  Springfield. 
James  S.  Robinson,7  Kenton. 
Frank  H.  Hurd,  Toledo. 
John  W.  McCormick,  Gallipolis. 


John  Sherman,  Mansfield. 

Alphonso  Hart,  Hillsboro. 
George  L.  Converse,  Columbus. 
George  W.  Geddes,  Mansfield. 
Adoniram  J.  Warner,  Marietta. 
Beriah  Wilkins,  Urichsville. 
Joseph  D.  Taylor,  Cambridge. 
William  McKinley,  jr.,8  Canton. 
Jonathan  H.  Wallace,9  New  Lisbon. 
Ezra  B.  Taylor,  Warren. 
David  R.  Paige,  Akron. 
Martin  A.  Foran,  Cleveland. 


OREGON. 


SENATORS. 

James  H.  Slater,  La  Grande.  Joseph  N.  Dolph,  Portland, 

REPRESENTATIVE . 

Melvin  C.  George,  Portland. 


1  Died  August  25, 1883,  before  the  assembling  of  Congress. 

2  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  death  of  Walter  R.  Poole, 
and  took  his  seat  December  19, 1883. 

3  Resigned  December  30, 1884,  to  become  Governor. 

«  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  Alfred  M. 
Scales,  and  took  his  seat  January  28,  1885. 

5  Served  until  June  20,  1884;  succeeded  by  James  E.  Camp- 
bell, who  contested  his  election. 


6  Successfully  contested  the  election  of  Henry  L.  Morey,  and 
took  his  seat  June  20, 1884. 
i  Resigned  January  12, 1885. 

8  Served  until  May  27, 1884;  succeeded  by  Jonathan  H.  Wal- 
lace, who  contested  his  election. 

9  Successfully  contested  the  election  of  William  McKinley,  jr.. 
and  took  his  seat  May  27, 1884. 


FORTY-EIGHTH   CONGRESS. 


309 


PENNSYLVANIA. 


SENATORS. 


J.  Donald  Cameron,  Harrisburg. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


Henry  H.  Bingham,  Philadelphia. 
Charles  O'Neill,  Philadelphia. 
Samuel  J.  Randall,  Philadelphia. 
William  D.  Kelley,  Philadelphia. 
Alfred  C.  Harmer,  Philadelphia. 
James  B.  Everhart,  West  Chester. 
I.  Newton  Evans,  Hatboro. 
Daniel  Ermentrout,  Reading. 
A.  Herr  Smith,  Lancaster. 
William  Mutchler,  Easton. 
John  B.  Storm,  Stroudsburg. 
Daniel  W.  Connolly,  Scranton. 
Charles  N.  Brumm,  Minersville. 
Samuel  F.  Barr,  Harrisburg. 
George  A.  Post,  Susquehanna. 


John  I.  Mitchell,  Wellsboro. 


William  W.  Brown,  Bradford. 
Jacob  M.  Campbell,  Johnstown. 
Louis  E.  Atkinson,  Mifflintown. 
William  A.  Duncan,1  Gettysburg. 
John  A.  Swope,2  Gettysburg. 
Andrew  G.  Curtin,  Belief  on  te. 
Charles  E.  Boyle,  Union  town. 
James  H.  Hopkins,  Pittsburgh. 
Thomas  M.  Bayne,  Allegheny. 
George  V.  Lawrence,  Monongahela. 
John  D.  Patten,  Indiana. 
Samuel  H.  Miller,  Mercer. 
Samuel  M.  Brainerd,  Erie. 
Mortimer  F.  Elliott,  Wellsboro. 


RHODE   ISLAND. 

SENATORS. 

Henry  B.  Anthony,3  Providence. 
William  P.  Sheffield,4  Newport. 
Jonathan  Chace,5  Providence. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

Henry  J.  Spooner,  Providence. 


Nelson  W.  Aldrich,  Providence. 


Jonathan  Chace,6  Providence. 
Nathan  F.  Dixon,7  Westerly. 


SOUTH   CAROLINA. 


SENATORS. 


Matthew  C.  Butler,  Edgefield. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


Samuel  Dibble,  Orangeburg. 
George  D.  Tillman,  Clarks  Hill. 
D.  Wyatt  Aiken,  Cokesbury. 
John  H.  Evins,8  Spartanburg. 
John  Bratton,9  White  Oak. 


TENNESSEE. 


Wade  Hampton,  Charleston. 

John  J.Hemphill,  Chester. 
George  W.  Dargan,  Darlington. 
Edmund     W.    M.     Mackey,10    Mount 

Pleasant. 
Robert  Smalls,11  Beaufort. 


Isham  G.  Harris,  Memphis. 


SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


Augustus  H.  Pettibone,  Greene ville. 
Leonidas  C.  Houk,  Knoxville. 
George  G.  Dibrell,  Sparta. 
Benton  McMillin,  Carthage. 
Richard  Warner,  Lewisburg. 


Samuel  B.  Maxey,  Paris. 


TEXAS. 


SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


Charles  Stewart,  Houston. 
John  H.  Reagan,  Palestine. 
James  H.  Jones,  Henderson. 
David  B.  Culberson,  Jefferson. 
James  W.  Throckmorton,  McKinney. 
Olin  Wellborn,  Dallas. 


Howell  E.  Jackson,  Nashville. 


Andrew  J.  Caldwell,  Nashville. 
John  G.  Ballentine,  Pulaski. 
John  M.  Taylor,  Lexington. 
Rice  A.  Pierce,  Union  City. 
Casey  Young,  Memphis. 


Richard  Coke,  Waco. 

Thomas  P.  Ochiltree,  Galveston. 

James  F.  Miller,  Gonzales. 

Roger  Q.  Mills,  Corsicana. 

John  Hancock,  Austin. 

Samuel  W.  T.  Lanham,  Weatherford. 


1  Died  November  14, 1884. 

2  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  death  of  William  A.  Dun- 
can, and  took  his  seat  January  5,  1885. 

a  Died  September  2, 1884. 

«  Appointed  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  death  of  Henry  B.  An- 
thony, and  took  his  seat  December  2, 1884. 

s  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  death  of  Henry  B.  An- 
thony, and  took  his  seat  January  26,  1885. 

•Resigned  January  26, 1885,  having  been  elected  Senator. 


7  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  Jonathan 
Chace,  elected  Senator,  and  took  his  seat  February  12, 1885. 

8  Died  October  20,  1884. 

9  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  death  of  John  H.  Evins, 
and  took  his  seat  December  8, 1884. 

">  Died  January  27, 1884. 

H  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  death  ofEdmund  W.  M. 
Mackey,  and  took  his  seat  March  31, 1884. 


310 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 


VERMONT. 

SENATORS. 

George  F.  Edmunds,  Burlington. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

John  W.  Stewart,  Middlebury. 


William  Mahone,  Petersburg. 


VIRGINIA. 

SENATORS. 
REPRESENTATIVES. 


Robert  M.  Mayo,1  Hague. 
George  T.  Garrison,2  Accomac. 
Harry  Libbey,  Old  Point  Comfort. 
George  D.  Wise,  Richmond. 
Benjamin  S.  Hooper,  Farmville. 
George  C.  Cabell,  Danville. 


Justin  S.  Morrill,  Stratford. 


Luke  P.  Poland,  St.  Johnsbury. 


Harrison  H.  Riddleberger,  Woodstock. 


John  R.  Tucker,  Lexington. 
John  Paul,3  Harrisonburg. 
Charles  T.  O'Ferrall,4  Harrisonburg. 
John  S.  Barbour,  Alexandria. 
Henry  Bowen,  Tazewell. 
John  S.  Wise,  Richmond 


WEST   VIRGINIA. 

SENATORS. 


Johnson  N.  Camden,  Parkersburg. 


John  E.  Kenna,  Kanawha. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


Nathan  Goff,  jr.,  Clarksburg. 
William  L.  Wilson,  Charlestown. 


Angus  Cameron,  La  Crosse. 


WISCONSIN. 


SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


John  Winans,  Janesville. 
Daniel  H.  Sumner,  Waukesha. 
Burr  W.  Jones,  Madison. 
Peter  V.  Deuster,  Milwaukee. 
Joseph  Rankin,  Manitowoc. 


Charles  P.  Snyder,  Charleston. 
Eustace  Gibson,  Huntington. 


Philetus  Sawyer,  Oshkosh. 


Richard  Guenther,  Oshkosh. 
Gilbert  M.  Woodward,  La  Crosse. 
William  T.  Price,  Black  River  Falls. 
Isaac  Stephenson,  Marinette. 


TERRITORY  OF  ARIZONA. 

DELEGATE. 

Granville  H.  Oury,  Florence. 
TERRITORY  OP  DAKOTA. 

DELEGATE. 

John  B.  Raymond,  Fargo. 
TERRITORY  OF  IDAHO. 

DELEGATE. 

Theodore  F.  Singiser,  Boise  City. 
TERRITORY  OF  MONTANA. 

DELEGATE. 

Martin  Maginnis,6  Helena. 


i  Served  until  March  20, 1884;  succeeded  by  George  T.  Gar-         «  Successfully  contested  the  election  of  John  Paul,  and  took 
rison,  who  contested  his  election.  his  seat  May  5,  18S4. 

*  Successfully  contested  the  election  of  Robert  M.  Mayo,         *  Election  unsuccessfully  contested  by  A.  C.  Botkln. 
and  took  his  seat  March  20, 1884. 

a  Served  until  May  5, 1884;  succeeded  by  Charles  T.  O'Fer- 
lall,  who  contested  his  election. 


FORTY-EIGHTH    CONGRESS.  311 

TERRITORY  OF  NEW  MEXICO. 

DELEGATES. 

Tranquilino  Luna,1  Las  Lunas.  Francisco  A.  Manzanares,2  Las  Vegas. 

TERRITORY  OF  UTAH. 

DELEGATE. 

John  T.  Caine,  Salt  Lake  City. 
TERRITORY  OF  WASHINGTON. 

DELEGATE. 

Thomas  H.  Brents,  Walla  Walla. 
TERRITORY  OF  WYOMING. 

DELEGATE. 

Morton  E.  Post,  Cheyenne. 

•  Served  until  March  5,1884;  succeeded  by  Francisco  A.          s  Successfully  contested  the  election  of  Tranquilino  Luna 
Manzanares,  who  contested  his  election.  and  took  his  seat  March  5, 1884. 


FORTY-NINTH  CONGRESS. 


MARCH  4,  1885,  TO  MARCH  3,  1887. 


FIRST  SESSION— December  7,  1885,  to  August  5,  1886.    SECOND  SESSION— December 
6,  1886,  to  March  3,  1887.     SPECIAL  SESSION  OF  SENATE— March  4,  1885,  to  April 

2,  1885. 


VICE  PRESIDENT— Thomas  A.  Hendricks,1  of  Indiana.  PRESIDENTS  OF  THE  SENATE 
PRO  TEMPORE— John  Sherman,2  of  Ohio;  John  J.  Ingalls,3  of  Kansas.  SECRETARY  OF  THE 
SENATE — Anson  G.  McCook,  of  New  York. 

SPEAKER  OF  THE  HOUSE— John  G.  Carlisle,  of  Kentucky.  CLERK  OF  THE  HOUSE — 
John  B.  Clark,  jr.,  of  Missouri. 


John  T.  Morgan,  Selma. 


ALABAMA. 


SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


James  T.  Jones,  Demopolis. 
Hilary  A.  Herbert,  Montgomery. 
William  C.  Gates,  Abbeville. 
Alexander  C.  Davidson,  Uniontown. 


James  L.  Pugh,  Eufaula. 

Thomas  W.  Sadler,  Prattville. 
John  M.  Martin,  Birmingham. 
William  H.  Forney,  Jacksonville. 
Joseph  Wheeler,  Wheeler. 


ARKANSAS. 


SENATORS. 


Augustus  H.  Garland,4  Little  Rock. 
James  H.  Berry,5  Bentonville. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


Poindexter  Dunn,  Forest  City. 
Clifton  R.  Breckinridge,  Pine  Bluff. 
Thomas  C.  McRae,  Prescott. 

CALIFORNIA. 


James  K.  Jones,  Washington. 


John  H.  Rogers,  Fort  Smith. 
Samuel  W.  Peel,  Bentonville. 


SENATORS. 


John  F.  Miller,6  San  Francisco. 
George  Hearst,7  San  Francisco. 
Abram  P.  Williams,8  San  Francisco. 


Barclay  Henley,  Santa  Rosa. 
J.  A.  Louttit,  Stockton. 
Joseph  McKenna,  Suisun. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


COLORADO. 


Leland  Stanford,  San  Francisco. 


William  W.  Morrow,  San  Francisco. 
Charles  N.  Felton,  San  Francisco. 
Henry  H.  Markham,  Pasadena. 


SENATORS. 
Thomas  M.  Bowen,  Del  Norte.  Henry  M.  Teller,  Central  City. 

REPRESENTATIVE. 

George  G.  Symes,  Denver. 


•Died  November  25, 1885. 

*  Elected  December  7, 1885;  resigned  February  22, 1887. 
a  Elected  February  25,  1887. 

*  Resigned  March  6,  1885,  to  become  Attorney  General. 

s  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  Augustus 
H.  Garland,  and  took  bis  seat  March  25, 1885  (special  session 
of  the  Senate) . 

312 


s  Died  March  8, 1886. 

7  Appointed  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  death  of  John  F.  Miller, 
and  took  his  seat  April  9, 1886. 

'8  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  death  of  John  F.  Miller, 
and  took  his  seat  December  0, 1886. 


FORTY-NINTH   CONGRESS. 


313 


CONNECTICUT. 

SENATORS. 

Orville  H.  Platt,  Meriden.  Joseph  R.  Hawley,  Hartford. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

John  R.  Buck,  Hartford.  John  T.  Wait,  Norwich. 

C.  Le  Moyne  Mitchell,  New  Haven.  Edward  W.  Seymour,  Litchfield. 

DELAWARE. 


SENATORS. 


Thomas  F.  Bayard,1  Wilmington. 
George  Gray,2  New  Castle. 


Eli  Saulsbury,  Dover. 


REPRESENTATIVE. 

Charles  B.  Lore,  Wilmington. 
FLORIDA. 

SENATORS. 

Charl  es  W .  Jones , '  Pensacola.  Wilkinson  Call ,  Jacksonville . 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

Robert  H.  M.  Davidson,  Quincy.  Charles  Dougherty,  Port  Orange. 

GEORGIA. 


Joseph  E.  Brown,  Atlanta. 


SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


Thomas  M.  Norwood,  Savannah. 
Henry  G.  Turner,  Quitman. 
Charles  F.  Crisp,  Americus. 
Henry  R.  Hams,  Greenville. 
Nathaniel  J.  Hammond,  Atlanta. 


John  A.  Logan,3  Chicago. 
Charles  B.  Farwell,4  Chicago. 


ILLINOIS. 


SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


Ransom  W.  Dunham,  Chicago. 
Frank  Lawler,  Chicago. 
James  H.  Ward,  Chicago. 
George  E.  Adams,  Chicago. 
Reuben  Ell  wood,5  Sycamore. 
Albert  J.  Hopkins,6  Aurora. 
Robert  R.  Hitt,  Mount  Morris. 
Thomas  J.  Henderson,  Princeton. 
Ralph  Plumb,  Streator. 
Lewis  E.  Payson,  Pontiac. 
Nicholas  E.  Worthington,  Peoria. 

INDIANA. 

SENATORS. 

Daniel  Wr.  Voorhees,  Terre  Haute. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

John  J.  Kleiner,  Evansville. 
Thomas  R.  Cobb,  Vincennes. 
Jonas  G.  Howard,  Jeffersonville. 
William  S.  Holman,  Aurora. 
Courtland  C.  Matson,  Greencastle. 
Thomas  M.  Browne,  Winchester. 
William  D.  Bynum,  Indianapolis. 


Alfred  H.  Colquitt,  Atlanta. 


James  H.  Blount,  Macon. 
Judson  C.  Clements,  La  Fayette. 
Seaborn  Reese,  Sparta. 
Allen  D.  Candler,  Gainesville. 
George  T.  Barnes,  Augusta. 


Shelby  M.  Cullom,  Springfield. 


William  H.  Neece,  Macomb. 
James  M.  Riggs,  Winchester. 
William  M.  Springer,  Springfield. 
Jonathan  H.  Rowell,  Blopmington. 
Joseph  G.  Cannon,  Danville. 
Silas  Z.  Landes,  Mount  Carmel. 
John  R.  Eden,  Sullivan. 
William  R.  Morrison,  Waterloo. 
Richard  W.  Townshend,  Shawneetown. 
John  R.  Thomas,  Metropolis. 


Benjamin  Harrison,  Indianapolis. 

James  T.  Johnston,  Rockville. 
Thomas  B.  Ward,  La  Fayette. 
William  D.  Owen,  Logansport. 
George  W.  Steele,7  Marion. 
Robert  Lowry,  Fort  Wayne. 
George  Ford,  South  Bend. 


1  Resigned  March  6, 1885,  to  become  Secretary  of  State. 

2  Elected  to  flll  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  Thomas  F. 
Bayard,  and  took  his  seat  March  19, 1885  (special  session  of 
the  Senate). 

3  Died  December  26, 1886. 

••Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  death  of  John  A.  Logan, 
and  took  his  seat  January  25, 1887. 


5  Died  July  1, 1885,  before  the  convening  of  the  Congress. 

6  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  death  of  Reuben  Ell- 
wood,  and  took  his  seat  December  7,  '1885. 

7  Election  unsuccessfully  contested  by  Meredith  H.  Kidd. 


314 


CONGRESSIONAL.  DIRECTORY. 


IOWA. 


SENATORS. 


William  B.  Allison,  Dubuque. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

Benton  J.  Hall,  Burlington. 
Jeremiah  H.  Murphy,  Davenport. 
David  B.  Henderson,  Dubuque. 
William  E.  Fuller,  West  Union. 
Benjamin  T.  Frederick,  Marshalltown. 
James  B.  Weaver,1  Bloomfield. 

KANSAS. 


John  J.  Ingalls,  Atchison. 

Edmund  N.  Morrill,  Hiawatha. 
Edward  H.  Funston,  lola. 
Bishop  W.  Perkins,  Oswego. 
Thomas  Ryan,  Topeka. 


James  B.  Beck,  Lexington. 


SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


William  J.  Stone,  Kuttawa. 
Polk  Laffoon,  Madison ville. 
John  E.  Halsell,  Bowling  Green. 
Thomas  A.  Robertson,  Elizabeth  town. 
Albert  S.  Willis,  Louisville. 
John  G.  Carlisle,  Covington. 

LOUISIANA. 

SENATORS. 

Randall  L.  Gibson,  New  Orleans. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

Louis  St.  Martin,  New  Orleans. 
Michael  Hahn,2  New  Orleans. 
Nathaniel  D.  Wallace,3  New  Orleans. 
Edward  J.  Gay,  Plaquemine. 

MAINE. 


Eugene  Hale,  Ellsworth. 

Thomas  B.  Reed,  Portland. 
Nelson  Dingley,  jr.,  Lewiston. 


Arthur  Pue  Gorman,  Laurel. 

Charles  H.  Gibson,  Easton. 
Frank  T.  Shaw,  Westminster. 
William  H.  Cole,4  Baltimore. 
Henry  W.  Rusk,5  Baltimore. 


SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


MARYLAND. 


SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


James  F.  Wilson,  Fairneld. 

Edwin  H.  Conger,  Des  Moines. 
William  P.  Hepburn,  Clarinda. 
Joseph  Lyman,  Council  Bluffs. 
Adoniram  J.  Holmes,  Boone. 
Isaac  S.  Struble,  Le  Mars. 


Preston  B.  Plumb,  Emporia. 

John  A.  Anderson,  Manhattan. 
Lewis  Hanback,  Osborne. 
Samuel  R.  Peters,  Newton. 


KENTUCKY. 

SENATORS. 
REPRESENTATIVES. 


Joseph  C.  S.  Blackburn,  Versailles. 

William  C.  P.  Breckinridge,  Lexington. 
James  B.  McCreary,  Richmond. 
William  H.  Wadsworth,  Maysville. 
William  P.  Taulbee,  Saylersville. 
Frank  L.  Wolford.  Columbia. 


James  B.  Eustis,  New  Orleans. 


Newton  C.  Blanchard,  Shreveport. 
J.  Floyd  King,  Vidalia. 
Alfred  B.  Irion,  Marksville. 


William  P.  Frye,  Lewiston. 

Seth  L.  Milliken,  Belfast. 
Charles  A.  Boutelle,  Bangor. 


Ephraim  K.  Wilson,  Snow  Hill. 

John  V.  L.  Findlay,  Baltimore. 
Barnes  Compton,  Laurel. 
Louis  E.  McComas,  Hagerstown. 


MASSACHUSETTS. 


Henry  L.  Dawes,  Pittsfield. 


SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


Robert  T.  Davis,  Fall  River. 
John  D.  Long,  Hingham. 
Ambrose  A.  Ranney,  Boston. 
Patrick  A.  Collins,  Boston. 
Edward  D.  Hayden,  Woburn. 
Henry  B.  Lovering,  Lynn. 


George  F.  Hoar,  Worcester. 

Eben  F.  Stone,  Newburyport. 
Charles  H.  Allen,  Lowell. 
Frederick  D.  Ely,  Dedham. 
William  W.  Rice,  Worcester. 
William  Whiting,  Holyoke. 
Francis  W.  Rockwell,  Pittsfield. 


1  Election  unsuccessfully  contested  by  Frank  G.  Campbel. 
*  Died  March  15,  1886. 

3  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  death  of  Michael  Hahn, 
and  took  his  seat  December  9,  1886. 


*  Died  July  8,  188C. 

5  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  death  of  William  II.  Cole, 
and  took  his  seat  December  6,  1886. 


FORTY-NINTH   CONGRESS. 


315 


Omar  D.  Conger,  Port  Huron. 


MICHIGAN. 

SENATORS. 
REPRESENTATIVES. 


William  C.  Maybury,  Detroit. 
Nathaniel  B.  Eldredge,  Adrian. 
James  O'Donnell,  Jackson. 
Julius  C.  Burrows,  Kalamazoo. 
Charles  C.  Cqmstock,  Grand  Rapids. 
Edwin  B.  Winans,  Hamburg. 

MINNESOTA. 

SENATORS. 

Samuel  J.  R.  McMillan,  St.  Paul. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

Milo  White,  Chatfield. 

James  B.  Wakefield,  Blue  Earth  City. 

Horace  B.  Strait,  Shakopee. 

MISSISSIPPI. 


James  Z.  George,  Jackson. 


SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


John  M.  Allen,  Tupelo. 
James  B.  Morgan,  Hernando. 
Thomas  C.  Catchings,  Vicksburg. 
F.  G.  Barry,  West  Point. 


MISSOURI. 


SENATORS. 


Francis  M.  Cockrell,  Warrensburg. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


William  H.  Hatch,  Hannibal. 
John  B.  Hale,  Carroll  ton. 
Alexander  M.  Dockery,  Gallatin. 
James  N.  Burnes,  St.  Joseph. 
William  Warner,  Kansas  City. 
John  T.  Heard,  Sedalia. 
John  E.  Hutton,  Mexico. 


NEBRASKA. 


Thomas  W.  Palmer,  Detroit. 


Ezra  C.  Carleton,  Port  Huron. 
Timothy  E.  Tarsney,  East  Saginaw. 
Byron  M.  Cutcheon,  Manistee. 
Spencer  0.  Fisher,  West  Bay  City. 
Seth  C.  Moffatt,  Traverse  City. 


Dwight  M.  Sabin,  Stillwater. 


John  B.  Gilfillan,  Minneapolis. 
Knute  Nelson,  Alexandria. 


Lucius  Q.  C.  Lamar,1  Oxford. 
Edward  C.  Walthall,2  Grenada. 


Otho  R.  Singleton,  Forest. 
Henry  S.  Van  Eaton,  Woodville. 
Ethelbert  Barksdale,  Jackson. 


George  G.  Vest,  Kansas  City. 


John  J.  O'Neill,  St.  Louis. 
John  M.  Glover,  St.  Louis. 
Martin  L.  Clardy,  Farmington. 
Richard  P.  Bland,  Lebanon. 
William  J.  Stone,  Nevada. 
William  H.  Wade,  Springfield. 
William  Dawson,  New  Madrid. 


SENATORS. 
Charles  H.  Van  Wyck,  Nebraska  City.  Charles  F.  Manderson,  Omaha. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

George  W.  E.  Dorsey,  Fremont. 


Archibald  J.  Weaver,  Falls  City. 
James  Laird,  Hastings. 


NEVADA. 

SENATORS. 


John  P.  Jones,  Gold  Hill.  James  G.  Fair,  Virginia  City. 

REPRESENTATIVE . 

William  Woodburn,  Virginia  City. 
NEW  HAMPSHIRE. 

SENATORS. 

Henry  W.  Blair,  Manchester.  Austin  F.  Pike,3  Franklin. 

Person  C.  Cheney,4  Manchester. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

Martin  A.  Haynes,  Lake  Village.  Jacob  H.  Gallinger,  Concord. 

1  Resigned  March  6,  1885.  3  Died  October  8,  1886. 

2  Appointed  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  Lucius         4  Appointed  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  death  of  Austin  F. 
Q.  C.  Lamar,  and  took  his  seat  March  12,  1885  (in  special  ses-      Pike,  and  took  his  seat  December  7,  1886. 

sion  of  the  Senate). 


316 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 


NEW  JERSEY. 

SENATORS. 

John  R.  McPherson,  Jersey  City. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

George  Hires,  Salem. 
James  Buchanan,  Trenton. 
Robert  S.  Green,1  Elizabeth. 
James  N.  Pidcock,  White  House. 


NEW  YORK. 


SENATORS. 


Warner  Miller,  Herkimer. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


Perry  Belmont,  Babylon. 
Felix  Campbell,  Brooklyn. 
Darwin  R.  James,  Brooklyn. 
Peter  P.  Mahoney,  Brooklyn. 
Archibald  M.  Bliss,  Brooklyn. 
Nicholas  Muller,  New  York. 
John  J.  Adams,  New  York. 
Timothy  J.  Campbell,  New  York. 
Joseph  Pulitzer/  New  York. 
Samuel  S.  Cox,3  New  York. 
Abraham  S.  Hewitt,4  New  York. 
Truman  A.  Merriman,  New  York. 
Abram  Dowdney,5  New  York. 
Egbert  L.  Viele,  New  York. 
William  G.  Stahlnecker,  Yonkers. 
Lewis  Beach,6  Cornwall. 
Henry  Bacon,7  Goshen. 
John  H,  Ketcham,  Dover  Plains. 


William  J.  Sewell,  Camden. 

William  W.   Phelps,  Teaneck,  Engle- 

wood. 

Herman  Lehlbach,  Newark. 
William  McAdoo,  Jersey  City. 


William  M.  Evarts,  New  York  City. 

James  G.  Lindsley,  Rondout. 
Henry  G.  Burleigh,  Whitehall. 
John  Swinburne,  Albany. 
George  West,  Ballston  Spa. 
Frederick  A.  Johnson.  Glens  Falls. 
Abraham  X.  Parker,  Potsdam. 
John  T.  Spriggs,  Utica. 
John  S.  Pindar,  Cobleskill. 
Frank  Hiscock,  Syracuse. 
Stephen  C.  Millard,  Binghamton. 
Sereno  E.  Payne,  Auburn. 
John  Arnot,  jr.,8  Elmira. 
Ira  Davenport,  Bath. 
Charles  S.  Baker,  Rochester. 
John  G.  Sawyer,  Albion. 
John  M.  Farquhar,  Buffalo. 
John  B.  Weber,  Buffalo. 
Walter  L.  Sessions,  Jamestown. 


NORTH  CAROLINA. 


Matt  W.  Ransom,  Weldon. 


SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


Thomas  G.  Skinner,  Hertford. 
James  E.  O'Hara,  Enfield. 
Wharton  J.  Green,  Fayetteville. 
William  R.  Cox,  Raleigh. 
James  W.  Reid,9  Wentworth. 


OHIO. 


Zebulon  B.  Vance,  Charlotte. 

Risden  T.  Bennett,  Wadesboro. 
John  S.  Henderson,  Salisbury. 
William  H.  H.  Cowles,  Wilkesboro. 
Thomas  D.  Johnston,  Asheville. 


John  Sherman,  Mansfield. 


SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


Benjamin  Butterworth,  Cincinnati. 

Charles  E.  Brown.  Cincinnati. 

James  E.  Campbell,  Hamilton. 

Charles  M.  Anderson,  Greenville. 

Benjamin  LeFevre,  Maple  wood. 

William  D.  Hill,  Defiance. 

George  E.  Seney,  Tiffin. 

John  Little,  Xenia. 

William  C.  Cooper,  Mount  Vernon. 

Jacob  Romeis,10  Toledo. 

William  W.  Ellsberry,  Georgetown. 


Henry  B.  Payne,  Cleveland. 

Albert  C.  Thompson,  Portsmouth. 
Joseph  H.  Outhwaite,  Columbus. 
Charles  H.  Grosvenor,  Athens. 
Beriah  Wilkins,  Uhrichsville. 
George  W.  Geddes,  Mansfield. 
Adoniram  J.  Warner.  Marietta. 
Isaac  H.  Taylor,  Carrollton. 
Ezra  B.  Taylor,  Warren. 
William  McKinley,  Canton. 
Martin  A.  Foran,  Cleveland 


OREGON. 


Joseph  N.  Dolph,  Portland. 


SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVE. 

Binger  Hermann,  Roseburg. 


John  H.  Mitchell,  Portland. 


'Resigned  January  17, 1887. 

2  Resigned  April  10, 1886. 

3  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  Joseph  Pu- 
litzer, and  took  his  seat  December  6, 188C. 

4  Resigned  December  30,  1886. 

*  Died  December  10, 1886;  ceat  vacant  for  remainder  of  the 
Congress. 


6  Died  August  10, 1886. 

7  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  death  of  Lewis  Beach,  and 
took  his  seat  December  6, 1886. 

8  Died  November  20, 1886;  seat  vacant  for  remainder  of  the 
Congress. 

9  Resigned  December  31 , 1886. 

'<>  Election  unsuccessfully  contested  by  Frank  H.  Hurd. 


FORTY-NINTH   CONGRESS. 


317 


PENNSYLVANIA. 


SENATORS. 


J.  Donald  Cameron,  Harrisburg. 


REPRESENT    TIVES. 


Henry  H.  Bingham,  Philadelphia. 
Charles  O'Neill,  Philadelphia. 
Samuel  J.  Randall,  Philadelphia. 
William  D.  Kelley,  Philadelphia. 
Alfred  C.  Harmer,  Philadelphia. 
James  B.  Everhart,  West  Chester. 
I.  Newton  Evans,  Hatboro. 
Daniel  Ermentrout,  Reading. 
John  A.  Hiestand,  Lancaster. 
William  H.  Sowden,  Allentown. 
John  B.  Storm,  Stroudsburg. 
Joseph  A.  Scranton,  Scranton. 
Charles  N.  Brumm,  Minersville. 
Franklin  Bound,  Milton. 


John  I.  Mitchell,  Wellsboro. 


Frank  C.  Bunnell,  Tunkhannock. 
William  W.  Brown,  Bradford. 
Jacob  M.  Campbell,  Johnstown. 
Louis  E.  Atkinson,  Mifflintown. 
John  A.  Swope,  Gettysburg. 
Andrew  G.  Curtin,  Bellefonte. 
Charles  E.  Boyle,  Uniontown. 
James  S.  Negley,  Pittsburgh. 
Thomas  M.  Bayne,  Allegheny. 
Oscar  L.  Jackson,  New  Castle. 
Alexander  C.  White,  Brookville. 
George  W.  Fleeger,  Butler. 
William  L.  Scott,  Erie. 
Edwin  S.  Osborne,  Wilkes-Barre. 


RHODE    ISLAND. 


SENATORS. 

Nelson  W.  Aldrich,  Providence.  Jonathan  Chace,  Providence. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 


Henry  J.  Spooner,  Providence. 

SOUTH  CAROLINA. 


William  A.  Pirce,1  Olneyville. 
Charles  H.  Page,2  Scituate. 


Matthew  C.  Butler,  Edgefield. 


SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


Samuel  Dibble,  Orangeburg. 
George  D.  Tillman,  Clarks  Hill. 
D.  Wyatt  Aiken,  Cokesbury. 
William  H.  Perry,  Greenville. 


Isham  G.  Harris,  Memphis. 


TENNESSEE. 


SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


Augustus  H.  Pettibone,  Greenville. 
Leonidas  C.  Houk,  Knoxville. 
John  R.  Neal,  Rhea  Springs. 
Benton  McMillin,  Carthage. 
James  D.  Richardson,  Murfreesboro. 


Wade  Hampton,  Charleston. 


John  J.  Hemphill,  Chester. 
George  W.  Dargan,  Darlington. 
Robert  Smalls,  Beaufort. 


Howell  E.  Jackson,3  Nashville. 
Washington  C.  Whitthorne,4  Columbia. 


Andrew  J.  Caldwell,  Nashville. 
John  G.  Ballentine,  Pulaski. 
John  M.  Taylor,  Lexington. 
Presley  T.  Glass,  Ripley. 
Zachary  Taylor,  Covington. 


TEXAS. 


Samuel  B.  Maxey,  Paris. 


SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


Charles  Stewart,  Houston. 
John  H.  Reagan,  Palestine. 
James  H.  Jones,  Henderson. 
David  B.  Culberson,  Jefferson. 
James  W.  Throckmorton,  McKinney. 
Olin  Wellborn,  Dallas. 


Richard  Coke,  Waco. 


William  H.  Grain,  Cuero. 

James  F.  Miller,  Gonzales. 

Roger  Q.  Mills,  Corsicana. 

Joseph  D.  Sayers,  Bastrop. 

Samuel  W.  T.  Lanham,  Weatherford. 


'Served  until  January  25,  1887,  when  seat  was  declared 
vacant. 

2  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  declaring  the  seat  of  Wil- 
liam A.  Pirce  vacant,  and  took  his  seat  February  25, 1887. 


'  Resigned  April  14, 1886,  to  become  United  States  Circuit 
Judge,  Sixth  Circuit. 

«  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  Howell  E. 
Jackson,  and  took  his  seat  February  3, 1887. 


318 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIBECTOBY. 
VERMONT. 

SENATORS. 

George  F.  Edmunds,  Burlington.  Justin  S.  Merrill,  Strafford. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

John  W.  Stewart,  Middlebury.  William  W.  Grout,  Barton. 

VIRGINIA. 


SENATORS. 


William  Mahone,  Petersburg. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


Thomas  Croxton,  Tappahannock. 
Harry  Libbey,  Old  Point  Comfort. 
George  D.  Wise,  Richmond. 
James  D.  Brady,  Petersburg. 
George  C.  Cabell,  Danville. 


Harrison  H.  Riddleberger,    Woodstock. 


John  W.  Daniel,  Lynchburg. 
Charles  T.  O'Ferrall,  Harrisonburg. 
John  S.  Barbour,  Alexandria. 
Connally  F.  Trigg,  Abingdon. 
John  R.  Tucker,  Lexington. 


WEST   VIRGINIA. 

SENATORS. 

Johnson  N.  Camden,  Parkersburg.  John  E.  Kenna,  Charleston. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 


Nathan  Goff,  jr.,  Clarksburg. 
William  L.  Wilson,  Charlestown. 


Philetus  Sawyer,  Oshkosh. 


WISCONSIN. 


SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


Lucien  B.  Caswell,  Fort  Atkinson. 
Edward  S.  Bragg,  Fond  du  Lac. 
Robert  M.  La  Follette,  Madison. 
Isaac  W.  Van  Schaick,  Milwaukee. 
Joseph  Rankin,1  Manitowoc. 
Thomas  R.  Hudd,2  Green  Bay. 


Charles  P.  Snyder,  Charleston. 
Eustace  Gibson,  Huntington. 


John  C.  Spooner,  Hudson. 


Richard  Guenther,  Oshkosh. 
Ormsby  B.  Thomas,  Prairie  du  Chien. 
William  T.  Price,3  Black  River  Falls. 
Hugh  H.  Price,4  Black  River  Falls. 
Isaac  Stephenson,  Marinette. 


TERRITORY  OF  ARIZONA. 

DELEGATE. 

Curtis  C.  Bean,  Prescott. 
TERRITORY  OF  DAKOTA. 

DELEGATE. 

Oscar  S.  Gifford,  Canton. 
TERRITORY  OF  IDAHO. 

DELEGATE. 

John  Hailey,  Boise  City. 
TERRITORY  OF  MONTANA. 

DELEGATE. 

Joseph  K.  Toole,  Helena. 


1  Died  January  24,  1886. 

2  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  death  of  Joseph  Rankin, 
and  took  his  seat  March  8,  1886. 


3  Died  December  6,  1886. 

<  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  death  of  William  T.  Price, 
and  took  his  seat  February  2,  1887. 


FORTY-NINTH    CONGRESS.  319 

TERRITORY  OF  NEW  MEXICO. 

DELEGATE. 

Antonio  Joseph,  Ojo  Caliente. 
TERRITORY  OF  UTAH. 

DELEGATE. 

John  T.  Caine,  Salt  Lake  City. 
TERRITORY  OF  WASHINGTON. 

DELEGATE. 

Charles  S.  Voorhees,  Colfax. 
TERRITORY  OF  WYOMING. 

DELEGATE. 

Joseph  M.  Carey,  Cheyenne. 


FIFTIETH  CONGRESS. 


MARCH  4,  1887,  TO  MARCH  3,  1889. 


FIRST  SESSION— December  5,  1887,  to  October  20,  1888.    SECOND  SESSION— December 

3,  1888,  to  March  3,  1889. 


VICE  PRESIDENT, 1 .  PRESIDENT  OF  THE  SENATE  PRO  TEMPORE— John  J. 

Ingalls,  of  Kansas.  SECRETARY  OF  THE  SENATE — Anson  G.  McCook,  of  New  York. 

SPEAKER  OF  THE  HOUSE— John  G.  Carlisle,  of  Kentucky.  CLERK  OF  THE  HOUSE— 
John  B.  Clark,  jr.,  of  Missouri. 

ALABAMA. 

SENATORS. 

John  T.  Morgan,  Selma.  James  L.  Pugh,  Eufaula. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

James  T.  Jones,  Demopolis.  James  E.  Cobb,  Tuskegee. 

Hilary  A.  Herbert,  Montgomery.  John  H.  Bankhead,  Fayette. 

William  C.  Gates,  Abbeville.  William  H.  Forney,  Jacksonville. 

Alexander  C.  Davidson,2  Uniontown.  Joseph  Wheeler,  Wheeler. 

ARKANSAS. 

SENATORS. 

James  K.  Jones,  Washington.  James  H.  Berry,  Bentonville. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

Poindexter  Dunn,  Forest  City.  John  H.  Rogers,  Fort  Smith. 

Clifton  R.  Breckinridge,  Pine  Bluff.  Samuel  W.  Peel,  Bentonville. 

Thomas  C.  McRae,  Prescott. 

CALIFORNIA. 

SENATORS. 

Leland  Stanford,  San  Francisco.  George  Hearst,  San  Francisco. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

Thomas  L.  Tompson,  Santa  Rosa.  William  W.  Morrow,  San  Francisco. 

Marion  Biggs,  Gridley.  Charles  N.  Felton,  San  Francisco. 

Joseph  McKenna,  Suisun.  William  Vandever,3  San  Buena  Ventura. 

COLORADO. 

SENATORS. 

Thomas  M.  Bowen,  Del  Norte.  Henry  M.  Teller,  Central  City. 

REPRESENTATIVE. 

George  G.  Symes,  Denver. 
CONNECTICUT. 

SENATORS. 

Orville  H.  Platt,  Meriden.  Joseph  R.  Hawley,  Hartford. 

REPRESENTATIVES . 

Robert  J.  Vance,  New  Britain.  Charles  A.  Russell,  Killingly. 

Carlos  French,  Seymour.  Miles  T.  Granger,  Canaan. 

i  Vice  President  Thomas  A.  Ilendricks  died  in  preceding          2  Election  unsuccessfully  contested  by  John  V.  McDuffle. 
Congress.  3  Election  unsuccessfully  contested  by  Joseph  D.  Lynch. 

320 


FIFTIETH   CONGRESS. 


321 


DELAWARE. 


SENATORS. 


Eli  Saulsbury,  Dover. 


George  Gray,  New  Castle. 


REPRESENTATIVE. 

John  B.  Penington,  Dover. 
FLORIDA. 


SENATORS. 

Wilkinson  Call,  Jacksonville. 

REPRESENTATIVES . 

Robert  H.  M.  Davidson,  Quincy. 

GEORGIA. 


Joseph  E.  Brown,  Atlanta. 


SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


Thomas  M.  Norwood,  Savannah. 
Henry  G.  Turner,  Quitman. 
Charles  F.  Crisp,  Americus. 
Thomas  W.  Grimes,  Columbus. 
John  D.  Stewart,  Griffin. 


ILLINOIS. 


SENATORS. 


Shelby  M.  Cullom,  Springfield. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 

Ransom  W.  Dunham,  Chicago. 
Frank  Lawler,  Chicago. 
William  E.  Mason,  Chicago. 
George  E.  Adams,  Chicago. 
Albert  J.  Hopkins,  Aurora. 
Robert  R.  Hitt,  Mount  Morris. 
Thomas  J.  Henderson,  Princeton. 
Ralph  Plumb,  Streator. 
Lewis  E.  Pay  son,  Pontiac. 
Philip  S.  Post,1  Galesburg. 

INDIANA. 

SENATORS. 

Daniel  W.  Voorhees,  Terre  Haute. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

Alvin  P.  Hovey,2  Mount  Vernon. 
Frank  P.  Posey,3  Poseyville. 
John  H.  O'Neall,  Washington. 
Jonas  G.  Howard,  Jeffersonville. 
William  S.  Holman,  Aurora. 
Courtland  C.  Matson,  Greencastle. 
Thomas  M.  Browne,  Winchester. 

IOWA. 


William  B.  Allison,  Dubuque. 


John  H.  Gear,  Burlington. 
Walter  I.  Hayes,  Clinton. 
David  B.  Henderson,  Dubuque. 
William  E.  Fuller,  West  Union. 
Daniel  Kerr,  Grundy  Center. 
James  B.  Weaver,  Bloomfield. 


Samuel  Pasco,  Monticello. 
Charles  Dougherty,  Port  Orange. 

Alfred  H.  Colquitt,  Atlanta. 


James  H.  Blount,  Macon. 
Judson  C.  Clements,  Rome. 
Henry  H.  Carl  ton,  Athens. 
Allen  D.  Candler,  Gainesville. 
George  T.  Barnes,  Augusta. 


Charles  B.  Farwell,  Chicago. 

William  H.  Gest,  Rock  Island. 
George  A.  Anderson,  Quincy. 
William  M.  Springer,  Springfield. 
Jonathan  H.  Rowell,  Blopmington. 
Joseph  G.  Cannon,  Danville. 
Silas  Z.  Landes,  Mount  Carmel. 
Edward  Lane,  Hillsboro. 
Jehu  Baker,  Belleville. 
Richard  W.  Townshend,  Shawneetown. 
John  R.  Thomas,  Metropolis. 


David  Turpie,  Indianapolis. 


William  D.  Bynum,  Indianapolis. 
James  T.  Johnston,  Rockville. 
Joseph  B.  Cheadle,  Frankfort. 
William  D.  Owen,  Logansport. 
George  W.  Steele,  Marion. 
James  B.  White,4  Fort  Wayne. 
Benjamin  F.  Shively,  South  Bend. 


SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


James  F.  Wilson,  Fairfield. 


Edwin  H.  Conger,  Des  Moines. 
Albert  R.  Anderson,  Sidney. 
Joseph  Lyman,  Council  Bluffs. 
Adoniram  J.  Holmes,  Boone. 
Isaac  S.  Struble,  Le  Mars. 


1  Election  unsuccessfully  contested  by  Nicholas  E.  Worth- 
ington. 

2  Resigned  January  17, 1889. 

50346°— S.  Doc.  654,  61-2 21 


s  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  Alvin.  P. 
Hovey,  and  took  his  seat  February  6, 1889. 
*  Election  unsuccessfully  contested  by  Robert  Lowry. 


322 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 


John  J.  Ingalls,  Atchison. 

Edmund  N.  Morrill,  Hiawatha. 
Edward  H.  Funston,  lola. 
Bishop  W.  Perkins,  Oswego. 
Thomas  Ryan,  Topeka. 


KANSAS. 


SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


KENTUCKY. 


Preston  B.  Plumb,  Emporia. 

John  A.  Anderson,  Manhattan. 
Erastus  J.  Turner,  Hoxie. 
Samuel  R.  Peters,  Newton. 


SENATORS. 

James  B.  Beck,  Lexington. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

William  J.  Stone,  Kuttawa. 
Polk  Laffoon,  Madison ville. 
W.  Godfrey  Hunter,  Burksville. 
Alexander  B.  Montgomery,  Elizabeth- 
town. 
Asher  G.  Caruth,  Louisville. 

LOUISIANA. 

SENATORS. 

Randall  L.  Gibson,  New  Orleans. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

Theodore  S.    Wilkinson,    Plaquemines 

Parish. 

Matthew  D.  Lagan,  New  Orleans. 
Edward  J.  Gay,  Plaquemine. 

MAINE. 


Joseph  C.  S.  Blackburn,  Versailles. 

John  G.  Carlisle,1  Covington. 
William  C.  P.  Breckinridge,  Lexington. 
James  B.  McCreary,  Richmond. 
George  M.  Thomas,  Vanceburg. 
William  P.  Taulbee,  Saylersville. 
Hugh  F.  Finley,  Williamsburg. 


James  B.  Eustis,  New  Orleans. 


Newton  C.  Blanchard,  Shreveport. 
Cherubusco  Newton,  Bastrop. 
Edward  W.  Robertson,'2  Baton  Rouge. 
Samuel  M.  Robertson,3  Baton  Rouge. 


Eugene  Hale,  Ellsworth. 

Thomas  B.  Reed,  Portland. 
Nelson  Dingley,  jr.,  Lewiston. 


Arthur  Pue  Gorman,  Laurel. 

Charles  H.  Gibson,  Easton. 
Frank  T.  Shaw,  Westminster. 
H.  Welles  Rusk,  Baltimore. 


SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


MARYLAND. 


SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


William  P.  Frye,  Lewiston. 

Seth  L.  Milliken,  Belfast. 
Charles  A.  Boutelle,  Bangor. 


Ephraim  K.  Wilson,  Snow  Hill. 

Isidor  Rayner,  Baltimore. 
Barnes  H.  Compton,  Laurel. 
Louis  E.  McComas,  Hagerstown. 


MASSACHUSETTS. 


Henry  L.  Dawes,  Pittsfield. 

Robert  T.  Davis,  Fall  River. 
John  D.  Long,  Hingham. 
Leopold  Morse,  Boston. 
Patrick  A.  Collins,  Boston. 
Edward  D.  Hayden,  Woburn. 
Henry  C.  Lodge,  Nahant. 


Thomas  W.  Palmer,  Detroit. 


SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


MICHIGAN. 


SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


J.  Logan  Chipman,  Detroit. 
Edward  P.  Allen,  Ypsilanti. 
James  O'Donnell,  Jackson. 
Julius  C.  Burrows,  Kalamazoo. 
Melbourne  H.  Ford,  Grand  Rapids. 
Mark  S.  Brewer,  Pontiac. 


George  F.  Hoar,  Worcester. 

William  Cogswell,  Salem. 
Charles  II .  Allen,  Lowell. 
Edward  Burnett,  Southboro. 
John  E.  Russell,  Leicester. 
William  Whiting  Holyoke. 
Francis  W.  Rockwell,  Pittsfield. 


Francis  B.  Stockb ridge,  Kalamazoo. 

Justin  R.  Whiting,  St.  Glair. 
Timothy  E.  Tarsney,  East  Saginaw. 
Byron  M.  Cutcheon,  Manistee. 
Spencer  O.  Fisher,  West  Bay  City. 
Seth  C.  Moffatt,4  Traverse  City. 
Henry  W.  Seymour,5  Sault  Ste.  Marie. 


i  Election  unsuccessfully  contested  by  George  H.  Thobe. 
*  Died  August  2,  1887. 

3  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  death  of  Edward  W. 
Robertson,  and  took  his  seat  December  5, 1887. 


«  Died  December  22,  1887. 

&  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  death  of  Soth  C.  Moffatt, 
and  took  his  seat  December  3, 1888. 


FIFTIETH    CONGRESS. 
MINNESOTA. 

SENATORS. 

Dwight  M.  Sabin,  Stillwater.  Cushman  K.  Davis,  St.  Paul. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 


323 


Thomas  Wilson,  Winona. 

John  Lind,  New  Ulm. 

John  L.  MacDonald,  Shakopee. 


MISSISSIPPI. 

SENATORS. 


James  Z.  George,  Carrollton. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


John  M.  Allen,  Tupelo. 
James  B.  Morgan,  Hernando. 
Thomas  C.  Catchings,  Vicksburg. 
F.  G.  Barry,  West  Point. 


MISSOURI. 

SENATORS. 


Francis  M.  Cockrell,  Warrensburg. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


William  H.  Hatch,  Hannibal. 
Charles  H.  Mansur,  Chillicothe. 
Alexander  M.  Dockery,  Gallatin. 
James  N.  Burnes,1  St.  Joseph. 
Charles  F.  Booher,2  St.  Joseph. 
William  Warner,  Kansas  City. 
James  T.  Heard,  Sedalia. 
John  E.  Hutton,  Mexico. 


Edmund  Rice,  St.  Paul. 
Knute  Nelson,  Alexandria. 


Edward  C.  Walthall,  Grenada, 

Chapman  Anderson,  Kosciusko. 
Thomas  R.  Stockdale,  Summit. 
Charles  E.  Hooker,  Jackson. 


George  G.  Vest,  Kansas  City. 


John  J.  O'Neill,  St.  Louis, 
John  M.  Glover,3  St.  Louis, 
Martin  L.  Clardy,  Farmington. 
Richard  P.  Bland,  Lebanon. 
William  J.  Stone,  Nevada. 
William  H.  Wade,  Springfield. 
James  P.  Walker,  Dexter. 


NEBRASKA. 

SENATORS. 

Charles  F.  Manderson,  Omaha.  Algernon  S.  Paddock,  Beatrice. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

George  W.  E.  Dorsey,  Fremont. 


John  A.  McShane,  Omaha. 
James  Laird,  Hastings. 


John  P.  Jones,  Gold  Hill. 


NEVADA. 

SENATORS. 


William  M.  Stewart,  Carson  City. 


REPRESENTATIVE . 

William  Woodburn,  Virginia  City. 
NEW  HAMPSHIRE. 

SENATORS. 

Henry  W.  Blair,  Manchester.  William  E.  Chandler,4  Concord. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

Luther  F.  McKinney,  Manchester.  Jacob  H.  Gallinger,  Concord. 

NEW  JERSEY. 


SENATORS. 


John  R.  McPherson,  Jersey  City. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 

George  Hires,  Salem. 
James  Buchanan,  Trenton. 
John  Kean,  jr.,  Elizabeth. 
James  N.  Pidcock,  White  House. 


Rufus  Blodgett,  Long  Branch. 


William  W.   Phelps,   Teaneck,  Engle- 

wood. 

Herman  Lehlbach,  Newark. 
William  McAdoo,  Jersey  City. 


>  Died  January  23, 1889.  3  Election  unsuccessfully  contested  by  Nathan  Frank. 

2  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  death  of  James  N.  Burnes,          <  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  death  of  Austin  F.  Pike, 
and  took  his  seat  February  25, 1889.  in  preceding  Congress,  and  took  his  seat  December  5, 1887. 


324 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 


NEW   YORK. 


SENATORS. 


William  M.  Evarts,  New  York. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


Perry  Belmont,1  Babylon. 
Felix  Campbell;  Brooklyn. 
Stephen  V.  White,  Brooklyn. 
Peter  P.  Mahoney,  Brooklyn. 
Archibald  M.  Bliss,  Brooklyn. 
Amos  J.  Cummings,  New  York. 
Lloyd  S.  Bryce,  New  York. 
Timothy  J.  Campbell,  New  York. 
Samuel  S.  Cox,  New  York. 
Francis  B.  Spinola,  Stony  Brook. 
Truman  A.  Merriman,  New  York. 
William  B.  Cockran,  New  York. 
Ashbel  P.  Fitch,  New  York. 
William  G.  Stahlnecker,  Yonkers. 
Henry  Bacon,  Goshen. 
John  H.  Ketcham,  Dover  Plains. 
Stephen  T.  Hopkins,  Catskill. 
Edward  W.  Greenman,  Troy. 


Frank  Hiscock,  Syracuse. 


Nicholas  T.  Kane,2  Albany. 
Charles  Tracey,3  Albany. 
George  West,  Ballston  Spa. 
John  H.  Moffitt,  Chateaugay  Lake. 
Abraham  X.  Parker,  Potsdam. 
James  S.  Sherman,  Utica. 
David  Wilber,  Oneonta. 
James  J.  Belden,  Syracuse. 
Milton  De  Lano,  Canastota. 
Newton  W.  Nutting,  Oswego. 
Thomas  S.  Flood,  Elmira. 
Ira  Davenport,  Bath. 
Charles  S.  Baker,  Rochester. 
John  G.  Sawyer,  Albion. 
John  M.  Farquhar,  Buffalo. 
John  B.  Weber,  Buffalo. 
William  G.  Laidlaw,  Ellicottville. 


NORTH   CAROLINA. 


Matt  W.  Ransom,  Weldon. 


SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


Louis  C.  Latham,  Greenville. 
Furnifold  M.  Simmons,  Newbern. 
Charles  W.  McClammy,  Scotts  Hill. 
John  Nichols,  Raleigh. 
John  M.  Brower,  Mount  Airy. 


OHIO. 


Zebulon  B.  Vance,  Charlotte. 

Alfred  Rowland,  Lumberton. 
John  S.  Henderson,  Salisbury. 
William  H.  H.  Cowles,  Wilkesboro. 
Thomas  D.  Johnston,  Asheville. 


John  Sherman,  Mansfield. 


SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


Benjamin  Butterworth,  Cincinnati. 
Charles  E.  Brown,  Cincinnati. 
Elihu  S.  Williams,  Troy. 
Samuel  S.  Yoder,  Lima. 
George  E.  Seney,  Tiffin. 
M.  M.  Boothman,  Bryan. 
James  E.  Campbell,  Hamilton. 
Robert  P.  Kennedy,  Belief ontaine. 
William  C.  Cooper,  Mount  Vernon. 
Jacob  Romeis,  Toledo. 
Albert  C.  Thompson,  Portsmouth. 


Joseph  N.  Dolph,  Portland. 


OREGON. 

SENATORS. 


Henry  B.  Payne,  Cleveland. 

Jacob  J.  Pugsley,  Hillsboro. 
Joseph  H.  Outhwaite,  Columbus. 
Charles  P.  Wickham,  Norwalk. 
Charles  H.  Grosvenor,  Athens. 
Beriah  Wilkins,  Uhrichsyille. 
Joseph  D.  Taylor,  Cambridge. 
William  McKinley,  jr.,  Canton. 
Ezra  B.  Taylor,  Warren. 
George  W.  Grouse,  Akron. 
Martin  A.  Foran,  Cleveland. 


John  H.  Mitchell,  Portland. 


REPRESENTATIVE . 

Binger  Hermann.  Roseburg. 
PENNSYLVANIA. 


SENATORS. 


J.  Donald  Cameron,  Harrisburg. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


Henry  H.  Bingham,  Philadelphia. 
Charles  O'Neill,  Philadelphia. 
Samuel  J.  Randall,  Philadelphia. 
William  D.  Kelley,  Philadelphia. 


Matthew  S.  Quay,  Beaver. 


Alfred  C.  Harmer,  Philadelphia. 
Smedley  Darlington,  West  Chester. 
Robert  M.  Yardley,  Doylestown. 
Daniel  Ermentrout,  Reading. 


1  Resigned  December  1, 1888,  to  become  Minister  to  Spain;        »  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  death  of  Nicholas  T. 
seat  vacant  for  remainder  of  the  Congress.  Kane,  and  took  his  seat  December  5,  1887. 

2  Died  September  14,  1887. 


FIFTIETH    CONGBESS. 


325 


John  A.  Heistand,  Lancaster. 
William  H.  Sowden,  Allentown. 
Charles  R.  Buckalew,  Bloomsburg. 
John  Lynch,  Wilkes-Barre. 
Charles  N.  Brumm,  Minersville. 
Franklin  Bound,  Milton. 
Frank  C.  Bunnell,  Tunkhannock. 
Henry  C.  McCormick,  Williamsport. 
Edward  Scull,  Somerset. 
Louis  E.  Atkinson,  Mifflintown. 


Levi  Maish,  York. 
John  Patton,  Curwensville. 
Welty  McCullogh,  Greensburg. 
John  Dalzell,  Pittsburgh. 
Thomas  M.  Bane,  Allegheny. 
Oscar  L.  Jackson,  New  Castle. 
James  T.  Maffett,  Clarion. 
Norman  Hall,  Sharon. 
William  L.  Scott,  Erie. 
Edwin  S.  Osborne,  Wilkes-Barre. 


RHODE    ISLAND. 


SENATORS. 


Nelson  W.  Aldrich,  Providence. 


Jonathan  Chace,  Providence. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


Henry  J.  Spooner,  Providence.  Warren  O.  Arnold,  Gloucester. 

SOUTH   CAROLINA. 

SENATORS. 


Matthew  C.  Butler,  Edgefield. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


Samuel  Dibble,  Orangeburg. 
George  D.  Tillman,  Clarks  Hill. 
James  S.  Cothran,  Abbeville. 
William  H.  Perry,  Greenville. 


Isham  G.  Harris,  Memphis. 


TENNESSEE. 

SENATORS. 
REPRESENTATIVES. 


Roderick  R.  Butler,  Mountain  City. 
Leonidas  C.  Houk,  Knoxville. 
John  R.  Neal,  Rhea  Springs. 
Benton  McMillin,  Carthage. 
James  D.  Richardson,  Murfreesboro. 

TEXAS. 

SENATORS. 

Richard  Coke,  WTaco. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

Charles  Stewart,  Houston. 
William  H.  Martin,  Athens. 
Constantine  B.  Kilgore,  Wills  Point. 
David  B.  Culberson,  Jefferson. 
Silas  Hare,  Sherman. 
Jo  Abbott,  Hillsboro. 

VERMONT. 

SENATORS. 

George  F.  Edmunds,  Burlington. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 


John  W.  Stewart,  Middlebury. 


VIRGINIA. 


SENATORS. 

Harrison  H.  Riddleberger,  Woodstock. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


Thomas  H.  B.  Browne,  Accomac. 
George  E.  Bowden,  Norfolk. 
George  D.  Wise,  Richmond. 
William  E.  Gaines,  Burkeville. 
John  R.  Brown,  Martinsville. 


Wade  Hampton,  Charleston. 


John  J.  Hemphill,  Chester. 
George  W.  Dargan,  Darlington. 
William  Elliott,1  Beaufort'. 


William  B.  Bate,  Nashville. 


Joseph  E.  Washington,  Cedar  Hill. 
Washington  C.  Whitthorne,  Columbia. 
Benjamin  A.  Enloe,  Jackson. 
Presley  T.  Glass,  Ripley. 
James  Phelan,  Memphis. 


John  H.  Reagan,  Palestine. 

William  H.  Grain,  Cuero. 
Littleton  W.  Moore,  Lagrange. 
Roger  Q.  Mills,  Corsicana. 
Joseph  D.  Sayers,  Bastrop. 
Samuel  W.  T.  Lanham,  Weatherford. 


Justin  S.  Morrill,  Strafford. 
William  W.  Grout,  Barton. 

John  W.  Daniel,  Lynchburg. 


Samuel  J.  Hopkins,  Lynchburg. 
Charles  T.  O'Ferrall,  Harrisonburg. 
William  H.  F.  Lee,  Burkes  Station. 
Henry  Bowen,  Tazewell. 
Jacob  Yost,  Staunton. 


Election  unsuccessfully  contested  by  Robert  Smalls. 


326  CONGKESSIONAL    DIRECTORY. 

WEST   VIRGINIA. 

SENATORS. 

John  E.  Kenna,  Charleston.  Charles  J.  Faulkner,1  Martinsburg. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

Nathan  Goff,  jr.,  Clarksburg,  Charles  P.  Snyder,  Charleston. 

William  L.  Wilson,  Charles  Town.  Charles  E.  Hogg,  Point  Pleasant. 

WISCONSIN. 

SENATORS. 

Philetus  Sawyer,  Oshkosh.  John  C.  Spooner,  Hudson. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

Lucien  B.  Caswell,  Fort  Atkinson.  Charles  B.  Clark,  Neenah. 

Richard  Guenther,  Oshkosh.  Ormsby  B.  Thomas,  Prairie  du  Chien. 

Robert  M.  La  Follette,  Madison.  Nils  P.  Haugen,  River  Falls. 

Henry  Smith,  Milwaukee.  Isaac  Stephenson,  Marinette. 
Thomas  R.  Hudd,  Green  Bay. 

TERRITORY  OF   ARIZONA. 

DELEGATE. 

Marcus  A.  Smith,  Tombstone. 
TERRITORY  OF  DAKOTA. 

DELEGATE. 

Oscar  S.  Gifford,  Canton. 
TERRITORY  OF  IDAHO. 

DELEGATE. 

Fred.  T.  Dubois,  Blackfoot. 
TERRITORY  OF  MONTANA. 

DELEGATE. 

Joseph  K.  Toole,  Helena. 
TERRITORY  OF  NEW  MEXICO. 

DELEGATE. 

Antonio  Joseph,  Ojo  Caliente. 
TERRITORY  OF  UTAH. 

DELEGATE. 

John  T.  Caine,  Salt  Lake  City. 
TERRITORY  OF  WASHINGTON. 

DELEGATE. 

Charles  S.  Voorhees,  Colfax. 
TERRITORY  OF  WYOMING. 

DELEGATE. 

Joseph  M.  Carey,  Cheyenne. 

i  The  legislature  of  West  Virginia  had  met  and  adjourned  ner  was  chosen;  credentials  of  both  were  presented  Decem- 

without  electing  a  Senator  for  the  term  beginning  March  4,  ber5,  1887,  and  Mr.  Faulkner  appeared  to  be  sworn;  objec- 

1887;  on  March  5,  1887,  the  Governor  appointed  Daniel  B.  tion  was  made  and  he  was  not  permitted  to  qualify;  Decem- 

Lucas  to  fill  such  vacancy;  on  the  same  day  he  issued  a  proc-  ber  14,  1887,  the  Senate  adopted  a  report  from  the  Committee 

lamation  calling  the  legislature  in  extraordinary  session  for  on  Privileges  and  Elections,  to  whom  all  papers  were  referred 

eight  specific  purposes,  the  election  of  Senator  not  being  on  the  12th,  declaring  Mr.  Faulkner  duly  elected  and  entitled 

named  as  one  of  them;  immediately  it  had  assembled,  the  to  the  seat;  appeared,  qualified,  and  took  his  seat  the  same 

legislature  proceeded  to  elect  a  Senator,  and  Charles  J.  Faulk-  day. 


FIFTY-FIRST  CONGRESS. 


MARCH  4,  1889,  TO  MARCH  3,  1891. 


FIRST  SESSION— December  2,  1889,  to  October  1,  1890.  SECOND  SESSION— December 
1,  1890,  to  March  2,  1891.  SPECIAL  SESSION  OF  THE  SENATE— March  4,  1889, 
to  April  2,  1889. 


VICE  PRESIDENT— Levi  P.  Morton,  of  New  York.  PRESIDENTS  OF  THE  SENATE  PEO 
TEMPORE — John  J.  lugalls, '  of  Kansas;  Charles  F.  Manderson,-' of  Nebraska.  SECRETARY  OF 
THE  SENATE — Anson  G.  McCook,  of  New  York. 

SPEAKER  OF  THE  HOUSE— Thomas  B.  Reed,  of  Maine.  CLERK  OF  THE  HOUSE— 
Edward  McPherson,  of  Pennsylvania. 


ALABAMA. 

SENATORS. 

John  T.  Morgan,  Selma. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

Richard  H.  Clarke,3  Mobile. 
Hilary  A.  Herbert,  Montgomery. 
William  C.  Gates,  Abbeville. 
Louis  W.  Turpin,4  Newbern. 
John  V.  McDuffie,5  Hayneville. 

ARKANSAS. 


James  K.  Jones,  Washington. 


SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


William  H.  Gate,6  Forest  City. 
Lewis  P.  Featherston,7  Forest  City. 
Clifton  R.  Breckinridge,8  Pine  Bluff. 

CALIFORNIA. 

SENATORS. 

Leland  Stanford,  San  Francisco. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

John  J.  De  Haven,10  Eureka. 
Thomas  J.  Geary,11  Santa  Rosa. 
Marion  Biggs,  Gridley. 
Joseph  McKenna,  Suisun. 

COLORADO. 

SENATORS. 

Henry  M.  Teller,  Central  City. 

REPRESENTATIVE. 

Hosea  Townsend,  Silver 


James  L.  Pugh,  Eufaula. 

James  E.  Cobb,  Tuskegee. 
John  H.  Bankhead,  Fayette. 
William  H.  Forney,  Jacksonville. 
Joseph  Wheeler,  Wheeler. 


James  H.  Berry,  Bentonville. 

Thomas  C.  McRae,  Prescott. 
John  H.  Rogers,  Fort  Smith. 
Samuel  W.  Peel,  Bentonville. 


George  Hearst,9  San  Francisco. 

William  W.  Morrow,  San  Francisco. 
Thomas  J.  Clunie,  San  Francisco. 
William  Vandever,  San  Buenaventura. 


Edward  0.  Wolcott,  Denver. 
Cliff. 


1  Elected  March  7,  1889    (special   session    of   the    Senate); 
April  2,  1889  (special  session  of  the  Senate) ;  February  28,  1890, 
and  April  3,  1890;  resigned  February  19,  1891. 

2  Elected  March  2,  1891. 

s  Election  unsuccessfully  contested  by  Frank  II.  Threet. 

<  Served  until  June  4,  1890;  succeeded  by  John  V.  McDuflie, 
who  contested  his  election. 

°  Successfully  contested  the  election  of  Louis  W.  Turpin, 
and  took  his  seat  June  4,  1890. 

6  Served  until  March  5,  1890;  succeeded  by  Lewis  P. 
Featherston,  who  contested  his  election. 


7  Successfully  contested  the  election  of  William  H.  Gate,  and 
took  his  seat  March  5,  1890. 

8  Election  contested  by  John  M.  Clayton   who  died  while 
case    was  pending;  served   until  September  5,  1890,  when 
Clayton  was  declared  to  have  been  elected  and  the  seat  vacant: 
sub  ;equently  elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  death  of  John 
M.  Clayton,  and  took  his  seat  December  1, 1890. 

'  Died  February  28,  1891. 
10  Resigned  October  1,  1890. 

u  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  John  J. 
De  Haven,  and  took  his  seat  December  9,  1890. 

327 


328 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTOEY. 


Orville  H.  Platt,  Meriden. 


CONNECTICUT. 

SENATORS. 


Joseph  R.  Hawley,  Hartford. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 

William  E.  Simonds,  Canton.  Charles  A.  Russell,  Killingly. 

Washington  F.  Wilcox,  Chester.  Frederick  Miles,  Chapinville. 


George  Gray,  New  Castle. 


DELAWARE. 

SENATORS. 


Anthony  Higgins,  Wilmington. 


REPRESENTATIVE. 

John  B.  Penington,  Dover. 
FLORIDA. 

SENATORS. 

Wilkinson  Call,  Jacksonville.  Samuel  Pasco,  Monticello. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 


Robert  H.  M.  Davidson,  Quincy. 


Joseph  E.  Brown,  Atlanta. 

RufusE.  Lester,  Savannah. 
Henry  G.  Turner,  Quitman. 
Charles  F.  Crisp,  Americus. 
Thomas  W.  Grimes,  Columbus. 
John  D.  Stewart,  Griffin. 


GEORGIA. 


SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


IDAHO.1 


Robert  Bullock,  Ocala. 


Alfred  H.  Colquitt,  Atlanta. 

James  H.  Blount,  Macon. 
Judson  C.  Clements,  Rome. 
Henry  H.  Carlton,  Athens. 
Allen  D.  Candler,  Gainesville. 
George  T.  Barnes,  Augusta. 


SENATORS.  * 
George  L.  Shoup,3  Salmon  City.  William  J.  McConnell,4  Moscow. 

REPRESENTATIVE. 

Willis  Sweet,5  Moscow. 


Shelby  M.  Cullom,  Springfield. 


ILLINOIS. 


SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


Abner  Taylor,  Chicago. 
Frank  Lawler,  Chicago. 
William  E.  Mason,  Chicago. 
George  E.  Adams,  Chicago. 
Albert  J.  Hopkins,  Aurora. 
Robert  R.  Hitt,  Mount  Morris. 
Thomas  J.  Henderson,  Princeton. 
Charles  A.  Hill,  Joliet. 
Lewis  E.  Payson,  Pontiac. 
Philip  S.  Post,  Galesburg. 
William  H.  Gest,  Rock  Island. 


INDIANA. 


Daniel  W.  Voorhees,  Terre  Haute. 


SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


William  F.  Parrett,8  Evansville. 
John  H.  O'Neall,  Washington. 
Jason  B.  Brown,  Seymour. 
William  S.  Holman,  Aurora. 
George  W.  Cooper,  Columbus. 
Thomas  M.  Browne,  Winchester. 
William  D.  Bynum,  Indianapolis. 


Charles  B.  Farwell,  Chicago. 

Scott  Wike,  Pittsfield. 
William  M.  Springer,  Springfield. 
Jonathan  H.  Rowell,  Blopmington. 
Joseph  G.  Cannon,  Danville. 
George  W.  Fithian,  Newton. 
Edward  Lane,  Hillsboro. 
William  S.  Forman,  Nashville. 
Richard  W.  Townshend,6  Shawn  eetown. 
James  R.  Williams,7  Carmi. 
George  W.  Smith,  Murphysboro. 


David  Turpie,  Indianapolis. 

Elijah  V.  Brookshire,  Crawfordsville. 
Joseph  B.  Cheadle,  Frankfort. 
William  D.  Owen,  Logansport. 
Augustus  N.  Martin,  Bluffton. 
Charles  A.  0.  McClellan,  Auburn. 
Benjamin  F.  Shively,  South  Bend. 


1  Admitted  as  a  State  into  the  Union  July  3, 1890. 

2  In  addition  to  those  of  the  Senators  named  below  the  cre- 
dentials of  Fred  T.  Dubois,  elected  "  for  the  term  of  six  years 
from  March  4, 1891,"  were  presented  December  30,  1890;  the 
Senate  refused  to  consider  them  prior  to  the  beginning  of  the 
Fifty-second  Congress,  in  which  they  were  to  become  effective. 

3  Took  his  seat  December  29, 1890;  term  to  expire,  as  deter- 
mined by  lot,  March  3,  1895. 


<  Took  his  seat  January  5,  1891;  term  to  expire,  as  deter- 
mined by  lot,  March  3, 1891. 
5  Took  his  seat  December  1,  1890. 
e  Died  March  9,  1889. 

7  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  death  of  Richard  W. 
Townsend,  and  took  his  seat  December  2,  1889. 

8  Election  unsuccessfully  contested  by  Francis  B.  Posey. 


FIFTY-FIRST   CONGRESS. 


329 


IOWA. 


SENATORS. 


William  B.  Allison,  Dubuque. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


John  H.  Gear,  Burlington. 
Walter  I.  Hayes,  Clinton. 
David  B.  Henderson,  Dubuque. 
Joseph  H.  Sweney,  Osage. 
Daniel  Kerr,  Grundy  Center. 
John  F.  Lacey,  Oskaloosa. 


John  J.  Ingalls,  Atchison. 


KANSAS. 


SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


Edmund  N.  Morrill,  Hiawatha. 
Edward  H.  Funston,  lola. 
Bishop  W.  Perkins,  Oswego. 
Thomas  Ryan,3  Topeka. 


James  F.  Wilson,  Fairfield. 


Edwin  H.  Conger,1  Des  Moines. 
Edward  R.  Hays,2  Knoxville. 
James  P.  Flick,  Bedford. 
Joseph  R.  Reed,  Council  Bluffs. 
Jonathan  P.  Dolliver,  Fort  Dodge. 
Isaac  S.  Struble,  Le  Mars. 


Preston  B.  Plumb,  Emporia. 


Harrison  Kelley,4  Burlington. 
John  A.  Anderson,  Manhattan. 
Erastus  J.  Turner,  Hoxie. 
Samuel  R.  Peters,  Newton. 


KENTUCKY. 


James  B.  Beck,5  Lexington. 
John  G.  Carlisle,6  Covington. 


SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES . 


William  J.  Stone,  Kuttawa. 

William  T.  Ellis,  Owensboro. 

Isaac  H.  Goodnight,  Franklin. 

Alexander  B.  Montgomery,  Elizabeth  town. 

Asher  G.  Caruth,  Louisville. 

John  G.  Carlisle,7  Covington. 

LOUISIANA. 


Joseph  C.  S.  Blackburn,  Versailles. 


William  W.  Dickerson,8  Williamstown . 
William  C.  P.  Breckinridge,  Lexington. 
James  B.  McCreary,  Richmond. 
Thomas  H.  Paynter,  Greenup. 
John  H.  Wilson,  Barboursville. 
Hugh  F.  Finley,  Williamsburg. 


SENATORS. 


Randall  L.  Gibson,  New  Orleans. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


Theodore  S.  Wilkinson,  Plaquemines  Parish. 
Hamilton  D.  Coleman,  New  Orleans. 
Edward  J.  Gay,9  Lafourche  Parish. 
Andrew  Price,10  Thibodaux. 


Eugene  Hale,  Ellsworth. 

Thomas  B.  Reed,  Portland. 
Nelson  Dingley,  jr.,  Lewiston. 


MAINE. 


SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


MARYLAND. 


James  B.  Eustis,  New  Orleans. 


Newton  C.  Blanchard,  Shreveport. 
Charles  J.  Boatner,  Monroe. 
Samuel  M.  Robertson,  Baton  Rouge. 


William  P.  Frye,  Lewiston. 

Seth  L.  Milliken,  Belfast. 
Charles  A.  Boutelle,  Bangor. 


SENATORS. 


Arthur  Pue  Gorman,  Laurel. 


REPRESENTATIVES . 


Charles  H.  Gibson,  Easton. 
Herman  Stump,  Belair. 
Harry  Welles  Rusk,  Baltimore. 
Henry  Stockbridge,  jr.,  Baltimore. 


Ephraim  K.  Wilson,11  Snow  Hill. 

Barnes  H.  Compton,12  Laurel. 
Sydney  E.  Mudd,13  Bryan  town. 
Louis  E.  McComas,  Hagerstown. 


1  Resigned  October  3, 1890. 

2  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  Edwin  H. 
Conger,  and  took  his  seat  December  1, 1890. 

s  Resigned  April  4,  1889. 

4  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  Thomas 
Ryan  and  took  his  seat  December  2,  1889. 
s  Died  May  3, 1890. 

6  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  death  of  James  B.  Beck, 
and  took  his  seat  May  20, 1890. 

7  Resigned  May  26, 1890,  having  been  elected  Senator. 


s  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  John  G. 
Carlisle,  and  took  his  seat  June  30, 1890. 
9  Died  May  30,  1889. 

10  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  Edward 
J.  Gay,  and  took  his  seat  December  2, 1889. 

11  Died  February  24, 1891. 

12  Served  until  March  20,  1890;  succeeded  by  Sydney  E. 
Mudd,  who  contested  his  election. 

13  Successfully  contested  the  election  of  Barnes  H.  Compton 
and  took  his  seat  March  20, 1890. 


330 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 


MA  S  S  ACHTJSETT  S . 


SENATORS. 


Henry  L.  Dawes,  Pittsfield. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


Charles  S.  Randall,  New  Bedford. 
Elijah  A.  Morse,  Canton. 
John  F.  Andrew,  Boston. 
Joseph  H.  O'Neil,  Boston. 
Nathaniel  P.  Banks,  Waltham. 
H.  Cabot  Lodge.  Nahant. 


MICHIGAN. 


George  F.  Hoar,  Worcester. 


William  Cogswell,  Salem. 
Frederic  T.  Greenhalge,  Lowell. 
John  W.  Candler,  Brookline. 
Joseph  H.  Walker,  Worcester. 
Rodney  Wallace,  Fitchburg. 
Francis  W.  Rockwell,  Pittsfield. 


SENATORS. 

Francis  B.  Stockbridge,  Kalamazoo. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

J.  Logan  Chipman,  Detroit. 
Edward  P.  Allen,  Ypsilanti. 
James  O'Donnell,  Jackson. 
Julius  C.  Burrows,  Kalamazoo. 
Charles  E.  Beiknap,  Grand  Rapids. 
Mark  S.  Brewer,  Pontiac. 

MINNESOTA. 


James  McMillan,  Detroit. 

Justin  R.  Whiting,  St.  Clair. 
Aaron  T.  Bliss,  Saginaw. 
Byron  M.  Cutcheon,  Manistee. 
Frank  W.  Wheeler,  West  Bay  City. 
Samuel  M.  Stephenson,  Menominee. 


Cushman  K.  Davis,  St.  Paul. 


Mark  H.  Dunn  ell,  Owatonna. 
John  Lind,  New  Ulm. 
Darwin  S.  Hall,  Stewart. 


James  Z.  George,  Carrollton. 


SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


MISSISSIPPI. 


SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


John  M.  Allen,  Tupelo. 
John  B.  Morgan,1  Hernando. 
Thomas  C.  Catchings,  Vicksburg. 
Clarke  Lewis,  Cliftonville. 


William  D.  Washburn,  Minneapolis. 

Samuel  P.  Snider,  Minneapolis. 
Solomon  G.  Comstock,  Moorhead. 


Edward  C.  Walthall,  Grenada. 

Chapman  L.  Anderson,  Kosciusko. 
Thomas  R.  Stockdale,  Summit. 
Charles  E.  Hooker,  Jackson. 


MISSOURI. 


SENATORS. 


Francis  M.  Cockrell,  Warrensburg. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


William  H.  Hatch,  Hannibal. 
Charles  H.  Mansur,  Chillicothe. 
Alexander  M.  Dockery,  Gallatin. 
Robert  P.  C.  Wilson,2  Platte  City. 
John  C.  Tarsney,  Kansas  City. 
John  T.  Heard,  Sedalia. 
Richard  H.  Norton,  Troy. 
Frederick  G.  Niedringhaus,  St.  Louis. 


MONTANA.5 


George  G.  Vest,  Kansas  City. 


Nathan  Frank,  St.  Louis. 

William  M.  Kinsey,  St.  Louis. 

Richard  P.  Bland,  Lebanon. 

William  J.  Stone,  Nevada. 

William  H.  Wade,  Springfield. 

James  P.  Walker,3  Dexter. 

Robert  H.  Whitelaw,4  Cape  Girardeau. 


SENATORS.6 

Thomas  C.  Power,7  Helena.  Wilbur  F.  Sanders,8  Helena. 

REPRESENTATIVE. 

Thomas  H.  Carter,9  Helena. 


1  Election  unsuccessfully  contested  by  James  R.  Chalmers. 

2  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  death  of  James  N.  Burnes, 
before  the  commencement  of  Congress,  and  took  his  seat  De- 
cember 2, 1889. 

3  Died  July  20, 1890. 

4  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  death  of  James  P.  Walker, 
and  took  his  seat  December  1, 1890. 

5  Admitted  as  a  State  into  the  Union  November  8,  1889. 

c  William  A.  Clark  and  Martin  Maginnis  presented  papers 
purporting  to  be  credentials  of  their  election,  January  23, 1890; 


the  four  claimants  were  given  privileges  of  the  floor  pending 
the  contest;  by  resolutions  of  April  16,  1890,  Clark  and  Ma- 
ginnis were  declared  not  entitled  to  seats  and  Power  and 
Sanders  entitled  thereto. 

7  Took  his  seat  April  16, 1890;  term  to  expire,  as  determined 
by  lot,  March  3,  1895. 

8  Took  his  seat  April  16, 1890;  term  to  expire,  as  determined 
by  lot,  March  3,  1893. 

fTook  his  seat  December  2,  1889. 


FIFTY-FIRST   CONGRESS. 


331 


NEBRASKA. 


SENATORS. 

Charles  F.  Manderson,  Omaha.  Algernon  S.  Paddock,  Beatrice. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

William  J.  Connell,  Omaha.  Gilbert  L.  Laws,2  McCook. 

James  Laird,1  Hastings.  George  W.  E.  Dorsey,  Fremont. 

NEVADA. 

SENATORS. 

John  P.  Jones,  Gold  Hill.  William  M.  Stewart,  Carson  City. 

REPRESENTATIVE. 

Horace  F.  Bartine,  Carson  City. 
NEW  HAMPSHIRE. 


Henry  W.  Blair,  Manchester.    • 
Alonzo  Nute,  Farmington. 


SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


NEW  JERSEY. 


SENATORS. 


John  R.  McPherson,  Jersey  City. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


Christopher  A.  Bergen,  Camden. 
James  Buchanan,  Trenton. 
Jacob  A.  Geissenhainer,  Freehold. 
Samuel  Fowler,  Newton. 

NEW  YORK. 


SENATORS. 


William  M.  Evarts,  New  York. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


James  W.  Covert,  Long  Island  City. 
Felix  Campbell,  Brooklyn. 
William  C.  Wallace,  Brooklyn. 
John  M.  Clancy,  Brooklyn. 
Thomas  F.  Magner,  Brooklyn. 
Frank  T.  Fitzgerald,5  New  York. 
Charles  H.  Turner,6  New  York. 
Edward  J.  Dunphy,  New  York. 
John  H.  McCarthy,7  New  York. 
Samuel  S.  Cox,8  New  York. 
Amos  J.  Cummings,9  New  York. 
Francis  B.  Spinola,  New  York. 
John  Quinn,  New  York. 
Roswell  P.  Flower,  New  York. 
Ashbel  P.  Fitch,  New  York. 
William  G.  Stahlnecker,  Yonkers. 
Moses  D.  Stivers,  Middletown. 
John  H.  Ketcham,  Dover  Plains. 
Charles  J.  Knapp,  Deposit. 


Gilman  Marston,3  Exeter. 
William  E.  Chandler,4  Concord. 

Orren  C.  Moore,  Nashua. 


Rufus  Blodgett,  Long  Branch. 


Charles  D.  Beckwith,  Paterson. 
Herman  Lehlbach,  Newark. 
William  McAdoo,  Jersey  City. 


Frank  Hiscock,  Syracuse. 

John  A.  Quackenbush,  Stillwater. 
Charles  Tracey,  Albany. 
John  Sanford,  Amsterdam. 
John  H.  Moffitt,  Chateaugay  Lake. 
Frederick  Lansing,  Watertown. 
James  S.  Sherman,  TJtica. 
David  Wilber,10  Oneonta. 
JohnS.  Pindar,11  Cobleskill. 
James  J.  Belden,  Syracuse. 
Milton  De  Lano,  Canastota* 
Newton  W.  Nutting,12  Mexico. 
Sereno  E.  Payne,13  Auburn. 
Thomas  S.  Flood,  Elmira. 
John  Raines,  Canandaigua. 
Charles  S.  Baker,  Rochester. 
John  G.  Sawyer,  Albion. 
John  M.  Farquhar,  Buffalo. 
John  M.  Wiley,  East  Aurora. 
William  G.  Laidtaw,  Ellicottville. 


NORTH   CAROLINA. 


Matt  W.  Ransom,  Weldon. 


SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


Thomas  G.  Skinner.  Hertford. 
Henry  P.  Cheatham,  Henderson. 
Charles  W.  McClammy,  Scotts  Hill. 
Benjamin  H.  Bunn,  Rocky  Mount. 
John  M.  Brower,  Mount  Airy. 


Zebulon  B.  Vance,  Charlotte. 

Alfred  Rowland,  Lumberton. 
John  S.  Henderson,  Salisbury. 
William  H.  H.  Cowles,  Wilkesboro. 
Hamilton  G.  Ewart,  Hendersonville. 


1  Died  August  17,  1889. 

2  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  death  of  James  Laird, 
and  took  his  seat  December  2, 1889. 

3  Appointed  to  fill  vacancy  in  term  commencing  March  4, 
1880,  during  the  recess  of  the  legislature. 

«  Elected  for  the  term  commencing  March  4,  1889. 

«  Died  November  4,  1889,  before  the  assembling  of  the  Con- 
gress. 

6  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  Frank  T. 
Fitzgerald  and  took  his  seat  December  9,  1889. 


I  Resigned  January  14, 1891. 

8  Died  September  10,  18S9. 

9  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  death  of  Samuel  S.  Cox, 
and  took  his  seat  December  2,  1889. 

10  Died  April  1,  1890. 

II  Elected  to  fill  vcacany  caused  by  death  of  David  Wilber, 
and  took  his  seat  December  1,  1890. 

n  Died  October  15,  1889. 

i3  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  death  of  Newton  W. 
Nutting,  and  took  his  seat'December  2, 1889. 


332 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 


NORTH  DAKOTA.1 

SENATORS. 

Lyman  R.  Casey,2  Jamestown.  Gilbert  A.  Pierce,3  Fargo. 

REPRESENTATIVE. 

Henry  C.  Hansbrough,4  Devils  Lake. 
OHIO. 


John  Sherman,  Mansfield. 


SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


Benjamin  Butterworth,  Cincinnati. 
John  A.  Caldwell,  Cincinnati. 
Elihu  S.  Williams,  Troy. 
Samuel  S.  Yoder,  Lima, 
George  E.  Seney,  Tiffin. 
M.  M.  Boothman,  Bryan. 
Henry  L.  Morey,  Hamilton. 
Robert  P.  Kennedy,  Bellefontaine. 
William  C.  Cooper,  Mount  Vernon. 
William  E.  Haynes,  Fremont. 
Albert  C.  Thompson,  Portsmouth. 


Henry  B.  Payne,  Cleveland. 


Jacob  J.  Pugsley,  Hillsboro. 
Joseph  H.  Outhwaite,  Columbus. 
Charles  P.  Wickham,  Norwalk. 
Charles  H.  Grosvenor,  Athens. 
James  W.  Owens,  Newark. 
Joseph  D.  Taylor,  Cambridge. 
William  McKinley,  jr.,  Canton. 
Ezra  B.  Taylor,  Warren. 
Martin  L.  Smyser,  Wooster. 
Theodore  E.  Burton,  Cleveland. 


OREGON. 


SENATORS. 


Joseph  N.  Dolph,  Portland. 


John  H.  Mitchell,  Portland. 


REPRESENTATIVE . 

Binger  Herman,  Roseburg. 
PENNSYLVANIA. 


SENATORS. 


J.  Donald  Cameron,  Harrisburg. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


Henry  H.  Bingham,  Philadelphia. 
Charles  O'Neill,  Philadelphia. 
Samuel  J.  Randall,5  Philadelphia. 
Richard  Vaux,6  Philadelphia. 
William  D.  Kelley,7  Philadelphia. 
John  E.  Reyburn,8  Philadelphia. 
Alfred  C.  Harmer,  Philadelphia. 
Smedley  Darlington,  West  Chester. 
Robert  M.  Yardley,  Doylestown. 
William  Mutchler,  Easton. 
David  B.  Brunner,  Reading. 
Marriott  Brosius,  Lancaster. 
Joseph  A.  Scranton,  Scranton. 
Edwin  S.  Osborne,  Wilkes-Barre. 
James  B.  Reilly,  Potts  ville. 
John  W.  Rife,  Middletown. 


Matthew  S.  Quay,  Beaver. 


Myron  B.  Wright,  Susquehanna. 
Henry  C.  McCormick,  Williamsport. 
Charles  R.  Buckalew,  Bloomsburg. 
Louis  E.  Atkinson,  Mifflintown. 
Levi  Maish,  York. 
Edward  Scull,  Somerset. 
Samuel  A.  Craig,  Brookville. 
John  Dalzell,  Pittsburgh. 
Thomas  M.  Bayne,  Allegheny. 
Joseph  W.  Ray,  Waynesburg. 
Charles  C.  Townsend,  New  Brighton. 
William  C.  Culbertson,  Girard. 
Lewis  F.  Watson,9  Warren. 
Charles  W.  Stone,10  Warren. 
James  Kerr,  Clearfield. 


RHODE    ISLAND. 


SENATORS. 


Nelson  W.  Aldrich,  Providence. 


Jonathan  Chace,11  Central  Falls. 
Nathan  F.  Dixon,12  Westerly. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 

Henry  J.  Spooner,  Providence.  Warren  O.  Arnold,  Gloucester. 


Admitted  as  a  State  into  the  Union  November  2, 1889. 

2  Took  his  seat.  December  4, 1889;  term  to  expire,  as  deter- 
mined by  lot,  March  3, 1893. 

'Took  his  seat  December  4, 1889;  term  to  expire,  as  deter- 
mined by  lot,  March  3,  1891. 

4  Took  his  seat  December  2, 1889. 

6  Died  April  13, 1890. 

6  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  death  of  Samuel  J.  Ran- 
dall, and  took  his  seat  May  28, 1890. 


'  Died  January  9, 1890. 

8  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  death  of  William  D. 
Kelley,  and  took  his  seat  February  24,  1890. 
3  Died  August  25, 1890. 

10  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  death  of  Lewis  F .  Watson, 
and  took  his  seat  December  1, 1890. 

11  Resigned  April  9,  1889. 

12  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  Jonathan 
Chace,  and  took  his  seat  December  2, 1889. 


FIFTY-FIRST   CONGRESS. 


333 


SOUTH   CAROLINA. 

SENATORS. 


Matthew  C.  Butler,  Edgefield. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


Samuel  Dibble,  Orangeburg. 
George  D.  Tillman,  Clarks  Hill. 
James  S.  Cothran,  Abbeville. 
William  H.  Perry,  Greenville. 


Wade  Hampton,  Charleston. 

John  J.  Hemphill,  Chester. 
George  W.  Dargan,  Darlington. 
William  Elliott,1  Beaufort. 
Thomas  E.  Miller,2  Beaufort. 


SOUTH   DAKOTA/5 


SENATORS. 


Richard  F.  Pettigrew,4  Sioux  Falls. 


Oscar  S.  Gifford,6  Canton. 


Isham  G.  Harris,  Memphis. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


TENNESSEE. 


SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


Alfred  A.  Taylor,  Johnson  City. 
Leonidas  C.  Houk,  Knoxville. 
H.  Clay  Evans,  Chattanooga. 
Benton  McMillin,  Carthage. 
James  D.  Richardson,  Murfreesboro. 

TEXAS. 

SENATORS. 

Richard  Coke,  Waco. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

Charles  Stewart,  Houston. 
William  H.  Martin,  Athens. 
Constantine  B.  Kilgore,  Wills  Point. 
David  B.  Culberson,  Jefferson. 
Silas  Hare,  Sherman. 
Jo  Abbott,  Hillsboro. 

VERMONT. 

SENATORS. 

George  F.  Edmunds,  Burlington. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

John  W.  Stewart,  Middlebury. 

VIRGINIA. 


John  W.  Daniel,  Lynchburg. 


SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


Thomas  H.  B.  Browne,  Accomac. 
George  E.  Bowden,  Norfolk. 
George  D.  Wise,8  Richmond. 
Edmund Waddill,  jr.,9  Henrico  County. 
Edward  C.  Venable,10  Petersburg. 
John  M.  Langston,11  Petersburg. 


Gideon  C.  Moody,5  Deadwood. 
John  A.  Pickler,6  Faulkton. 


William  B.  Bate,  Nashville. 

Joseph  E.  Washington,  Cedar  Hill. 
Washington  C.  Whitthorne,  Columbia. 
Benjamin  A.  Enloe,  Jackson. 
Rice  A.  Pierce,  Union  City. 
James  Phelan,7  Memphis. 


John  H.  Reagan,  Palestine. 

William  H.  Grain,  Cuero. 
Littleton  W.  Moore,  La  grange. 
Roger  Q.  Mills,  Corsicana. 
Joseph  D.  Savers,  Bastrop. 
Samuel  W.  T.  Lanham,  Weatherford. 


Justin  S.  Morrill,  Straff ord. 
William  W.  Grout,  Barton. 

John  S.  Barbour,  Alexandria. 

Posey  G.  Lester,  Floyd. 
Paul  C.  Edmunds,  Halifax  County. 
Charles  T.  O'Ferrall,  Harrisonburg. 
William  H.  F.  Lee,  Burkes  Station. 
John  A.  Buchanan,12  Abingdon. 
Henry  St.  George  Tucker,  Staunton. 


WASHINGTON.1 


SENATORS. 

John  B.  Allen,14  Walla  Walla.  Watson  C.  Squire,15  Seattle. 

REPRESENTATIVE. 

John  L.  Wilson,16  Spokane  Falls. 


'  Served  until  September  23, 1890;  succeeded  by  Thomas  E. 
Miller,  who  contested  his  election 

2  Successfully  contested  the  election  of  William  Elliott,  and 
took  his  seat  September  24,  1890. 

a  Admitted  as  a  State  into  the  Union  November  2,  1889. 

4  Took  his  seat  December  2, 1889;  term  to  expire,  as  deter- 
mined by  lot,  March  3,  1895. 

&  Took  his  seat  December  2, 1889;  term  to  expire,  as  deter- 
mined by  lot,  March  3, 1891. 

«  Took  his  seat  December  2,  1889. 

'  Died  January  30,  1891. 

8  Served  until  April  10, 1890;  succeeded  by  Edmund  Wad- 
dill,  jr.,  who  contested  his  election. 

s  Successfully  contested  the  election  of  George  D.  Wise,  and 
took  his  seat  April  12, 1890. 


i«  Served  until  September  23,  1890;  succeeded  by  John  M. 
Langston,  who  contested  his  election. 

11  Successfully  contested  the  election  of  Edward  C.  Venable, 
and  took  his  seat  September  23,  1890.    It  was  in  connection 
with  this  case  that  the  minority  party  adopted  for  the  first 
time  the  plan  of  withdrawing  in  a  body  from  the  hall  of  the 
House,  to  avoid  being  counted  as  part  of  a  quorum. 

12  Election  unsuccessfully  contested  by  Henry  Bowen. 

is  Admitted  as  a  State  into  the  Union  November  11,  1889. 

n  Took  his  seat  December  2, 1889;  term  to  expire,  as  deter- 
mined by  lot,  March  3,  1893. 

15  Took  his  seat  December  2,  1889;  term  to  expire,  as  deter- 
mined by  lot,  March  3,  1891. 

IB  Took  his  seat  December  2, 1889. 


334 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 


WEST   VIRGINIA. 

SENATORS. 


John  E.  Kenna,  Charleston. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


John  0.  Pendleton,1  Wheeling. 
George  W.  Atkinson,2  Wheeling. 
William  L.  Wilson,  Charlestown. 


WISCONSIN. 

SENATORS. 


Philetus  Sawyer,  Oshkosh. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


Lucien  B.  Caswell,  Fort  Atkinson. 
Charles  Earwig,  Mayville. 
Robert  M.  La  Follette,  Madison. 
Isaac  W.  Van  Schaick,  Milwaukee. 
George  H.  Brickner,  Sheboygan. 


WYOMING.5 

SENATORS. 


Joseph  M.  Carey,6  Cheyenne. 

REPRESENTATIVE. 

Clarence  D.  Clark,8  Evanston. 
TERRITORY  OF  ARIZONA. 

DELEGATE. 

Marcus  A.  Smith,9  Tombstone. 
TERRITORY  OP  IDAHO.10 

DELEGATE. 

Fred  T.  Dubois,11  Blackfoot. 
TERRITORY  OF  NEW  MEXICO. 

DELEGATE. 

Antonio  Joseph,  Ojo  Caliente. 
TERRITORY  OF  UTAH. 

DELEGATE. 

John  T.  Caine,  Salt  Lake  City. 
TERRITORY  OF  WYOMING.12 

DELEGATE. 

Joseph  M.  Carey,13  Cheyenne. 
TERRITORY  OF  OKLAHOMA.14 

DELEGATE. 

David  A.  Harvey,15  Oklahoma  City. 


Charles  J.  Faulkner,  Martinsburg. 

John  D.  Alderson,  Nicholas. 

J.  Monroe  Jackson,3  Parkersburg. 

Charles  B.  Smith,4  Parkersburg. 


John  C.  Spooner,  Hudson. 


Charles  B.  Clark,  Neenah. 
Ormsby  B.  Thomas,  Prairie  du  Chien. 
Nils  P.  Haugen,  River  Falls. 
Myron  H.  McCord,  Merrill. 


Francis  E.  Warren,7  Cheyenne. 


1  Served  until  February  23,  1890;  succeeded  by  George  W. 
Atkinson,  who  contested  his  election. 

2  Successfully  contested  the  election  of  John  O.  Pendleton, 
and  took  his  seat  February  26, 1890. 

*  Served  until  February  3,  1830;  succeeded  by  Charles  B. 
Smith,  who  contested  his  election.  It  was  in  connection  with 
the  final  votes  in  this  case  that  Speaker  Reed,  for  the  first 
tune,  made  his  parliamentary  ruling  regarding  the  "  counting 
of  a  quorum." 

4  Successfully  contested  the  election  of  J.  Monroe  Jackson, 
and  took  his  seat  February  3,  1890. 

&  Admitted  as  a  State  into  the  Union  July  10,  1890. 

6  Took  his  seat  December  1,  1890;  term  to  expire,  as  deter- 
mined by  lot,  March  3,  1895. 

7  Took  his  seat  December  1,  1890;  term  to  expire,  as  deter- 
mined by  lot,  March  3,  1893. 

«  Took  his  seat  December  1,  1890. 


9  Took  his  seat  January  6,  1890. 

10  Granted  statehood  by  act  of  Congress  approved  July  3, 
1890. 

11  Served  until  July  3,  1890,  when  the  territory  of  Idaho  was 
elevated  to  statehood. 

12  Granted  statehood  by  act  of  Congress  approved  July  10, 
1890. 

i*  Served  until  July  10, 1890,  when  the  territory  of  Wyoming 
was  elevated  to  statehood;  subsequently  elected  Senator  from 
the  new  state,  and  took  his  seat  in  the  Senate  December  1, 
1890. 

i«  Formed  from  a  portion  of  Indian  Territory,  and  from  that 
portion  of  the  United  States  known  as  the  "  Public  Land 
Strip";  provided  a  territorial  government  and  the  right  to 
Delegate  representation  in  Congress,  by  act  of  May  2,  1890. 

is  Took  his  seat  December  1,  1890. 


FIFTY-SECOND  CONGRESS. 


MARCH  4,  1891,  TO  MARCH  3,  1893. 


FIRST  SESSION— December  7,  1891,  to  August  5,  1892.    SECOND  SESSION— December 

5,  1892,  to  March  3,  1893. 


VICE-PEESIDENT— Levi  P.  Morton,  of  New  York.  PRESIDENT  OF  THE  SENATE  PRO 
TEMPORE — Charles  F.  Manderson,  of  Nebraska.  SECRETARY  OF  THE  SENATE — Anson  G. 
Me  Cook,  of  New  York. 

SPEAKER  OF  THE  HOUSE— Charles  F.  Crisp,  of  Georgia.  CLERK  OF  THE  HOUSE— James 
Kerr,  of  Pennsylvania. 


ALABAMA. 


SENATORS. 


John  T.  Morgan,  Selma. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


Richard  H.  Clarke,  Mobile. 
Hilary  A.  Herbert,  Montgomery. 
William  C.  Gates,  Abbeville. 
Louis  W.  Turpin,1  Newbern. 

ARKANSAS. 

SENATORS. 

James  K.  Jones,  Washington. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

William  H.  Gate,  Jonesboro. 
Clifton  R.  Breckinridge,  Pine  Bluff. 
Thomas  C.  McRae,  Prescott. 

CALIFORNIA. 


SENATORS. 


Leland  Stanford,  San  Francisco. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


Thomas  J.  Geary,  Santa  Rosa. 
Anthony  Caminetti,  Jackson. 
Joseph  McKenna,:i  Suisun. 
Samuel  G.  Hilborn,4  Oakland. 


COLORADO. 


James  L.  Pugh,  Eufaula. 

James  E.  Cobb,  Tuskegee. 
John  H.  Bankhead,  Fayette. 
William  H.  Forney,  Jacksonville. 
Joseph  Wheeler,  Wheeler. 


James  H.  Berry,  Bentonville. 

William  L.  Terry,  Little  Rock. 
Samuel  W.  Peel,  Bentonville. 


Charles  N.  Felton,2  San  Francisco. 

John  T.  Cutting,  San  Francisco. 
Eugene  F.  Loud,  San  Francisco. 
William  W.  Bowers,  San  Diego. 


SENATORS. 
Henry  M.  Teller,  Central  City.  Edward  O.  Wolcott,  Denver. 

REPRESENTATIVE. 

Hosea  Townsend,  Silver  Cliff. 
CONNECTICUT. 


Orville  H.  Platt,  Meriden. 


SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


Lewis  Sperry,  Hartford. 
Washington  F.  Wilcox,  Chester. 


Joseph  R.  Hawley,  Hartford. 

Charles  A.  Russell,  Killingly. 
Robert  E.  De  Forest,  Bridgeport. 


i  Election  unsuccessfully  contested  by  John  V.  McDuffle. 
a  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  death  of  George  Hearst 
in  preceding  Congress,  and  took  his  seat  December  7,  1891. 


3  Resigned  March  23,  1892. 

4  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  Joseph 
Me  Kenna,  and  took  his  seat  December  5,  1892. 

335 


336 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIEECTORY. 


DELAWARE. 

SENATORS. 

George  Gray,  New  Castle.  Anthony  Higgins,  Wilmington. 

REPRESENTATIVE. 

John  W.  Causey,  Milford. 
FLORIDA. 

SENATORS. 

Wilkinson  Call,1  Jacksonville.  Samuel  Pasco,  Monticello. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

Stephen  R.  Mallory,  Pensacola.  Robert  Bullock,  Ocala. 

GEORGIA. 

SENATORS. 

Alfred  H.  Colquitt,  Atlanta.  John  B.  Gordon,  Atlanta. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 


Rufus  E.  Lester,  Savannah. 
Henry  G.  Turner,  Quitman. 
Charles  F.  Crisp,  Americus. 
Charles  L.  Moses,  Turin. 
Leonidas  F.  Livingston,  Atlanta. 


James  H.  Blount,  Macon. 
Robert  W.  Everett,  Fish. 
Thomas  G.  Lawson,  Eatonton. 
Thomas  E.  Winn,  Gwinnett  county. 
Thomas  E.  Watson,  Thomson. 


IDAHO. 


SENATORS. 

George  L.  Shoup,  Salmon  City.  •  Fred  T.  Dubois,2  Blackfoot. 

REPRESENTATIVE. 

Willis  Sweet,  Moscow. 


ILLINOIS. 


SENATORS. 


Shelby  M.  Cullom,  Springfield. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


Abner  Taylor,  Chicago. 
Lawrence  E.  McGann,  Chicago. 
Allan  C.  Durborow,  jr.,  Chicago. 
Walter  C.  Newberry,  Chicago. 
Albert  J.  Hopkins,  Aurora. 
Robert  R.  Hitt,  Mount  Morris. 
Thomas  J.  Henderson,  Princeton. 
Lewis  Steward,  Piano. 
Herman  W.  Snow,  Sheldon. 
Philip  S.  Post,  Galesburg. 


INDIANA. 


SENATORS. 


Daniel  W.  Voorhees,  Terre  Haute. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


William  F.  Parrett,  Evansville. 
John  L.  Bretz,  Jasper. 
Jason  B.  Brown,  Seymour. 
William  S.  Holman,  Aurora. 
George  W.  Cooper,  Columbus. 
Henry  U.  Johnson,  Richmond. 
William  D.  Bynum,  Indianapolis. 


J.  McAuley  Palmer,  Springfield. 


Benjamin  T.  Cable,  Rock  Island. 
Scott  Wike,  Pittsfield. 
William  M.  Springer,  Springfield. 
Owen  Scott,  Bloomington. 
Samuel  T.  Busey,  Urbana. 
George  W.  Fithian,  Newton. 
Edward  Lane,  Hillsboro. 
William  S.  Forman,  Nashville. 
James  R.  Williams,  Carmi. 
George  Wr.  Smith,  Murphysboro. 


David  Turpie,  Indianapolis. 


Elijah  V.  Brookshire,  Crawfordsville. 
Daniel  Waugh,  Tip  ton. 
David  H.  Patton,  Remington. 
Augustus  N.  Martin,  Bluffton. 
Charles  A.  O.  McClellan,  Auburn. 
Benjamin  F.  Shively,  South  Bend. 


1  Election  unsuccessfully  contested  by  Robert  H.  M. 
Davidson. 


2  Election  unsuccessfully  contested  by  William  H.  Clagett. 


FIFTY-SECOND   CONGRESS. 


337 


William  B.  Allison,  Dubuque. 


IOWA. 

SENATORS. 
REPRESENTATIVES. 


John  J.  Seerley,  Burlington. 
Walter  I.  Hayes,  Clinton. 
David  B.  Henderson,  Dubuque. 
Walter  H.  Butler,  West  Union. 
John  T.  Hamilton,  Cedar  Rapids. 
Frederick  E.  White,  Webster. 


Preston  B.  Plumb,1  Emporia. 
Bishop  W.  Perkins,2  Oswego. 


KANSAS. 

SENATORS. 
REPRESENTATIVES. 


Case  Broderick,  Holton. 
Edward  H.  Funston,  lola. 
Benjamin  H.  Clover,  Cambridge. 
John  G.  Otis,  Topeka. 

KENTUCKY. 

SENATORS. 

Joseph  C.  S.  Blackburn,  Versailles. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

William  J.  Stone,  Kuttawa. 
William  T.  Ellis,  Owensboro. 
Isaac  H.  Goodnight,  Franklin. 
Alexander  B.  Montgomery,  Elizabeth- 
town. 

Asher  G.  Caruth,  Louisville. 
William  W.  Dickerson,  Williamstown. 


James  F.  Wilson,  Fairfield. 


John  A.  T.  Hull,  Des  Moines. 
James  P.  Flick,  Bedford. 
Thomas  Bowman,  Council  Bluffs. 
Jonathan  P.  Dolliver,  Fort  Dodge. 
George  D.  Perkins,  Sioux  City. 


William  A.  Peffer,  Topeka. 


John  Davis,  Junction  City. 

William  Baker,  Lincoln. 

Jerry  Simpson,  Medicine  Lodge. 


John  G.  Carlisle,3  Covington. 
William  Lindsay,4  Frankfort. 


William  C.  P.  Breckinridge,  Lexington. 
James  B.  McCreary,  Richmond. 
Thomas  H.  Paynter,  Green  up. 
John  W.  Kendall,5  West  Liberty. 
Joseph  M.  Kendall,6  Prestonsburg. 
John  H.  Wilson,  Barboursville. 


LOUISIANA. 


SENATORS. 


Randall  L.  Gibson,7  New  Orleans. 
Donelson  Caffery,8  Franklin. 


Adolph  Meyer,  New  Orleans. 
Matt  D.  Lagan,  New  Orleans. 
Andrew  Price,  Thibodaux. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


MAINE. 


Edward  D.  White,  New  Orleans. 


Newton  C.  Blanchard,  Shreveport. 
Charles  J.  Boatner,  Monroe. 
Samuel  M.  Robertson.  Baton  Rouge. 


Eugene  Hale,  Ellsworth. 


SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


Thomas  B.  Reed,  Portland. 
Nelson  Dingley,  jr.,  Lewiston. 


William  P.  Frye,  Lewiston. 


Seth  L.  Milliken,  Belfast. 
Charles  A.  Boutelle,  Bangor. 


1  Died  December  20,  1891. 

2  Appointed  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  death  of  Preston  B. 
Plumb,  and  took  his  seat  January  5, 1892. 

3  Resigned  February  4,  1893. 

4  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  John  G. 
Carlisle,  and  took  his  seat  February  21, 1893. 


•>  Died  March  7, 1892., 

6  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  the  death  of  John  W. 
Kendall,  and  took  his  seat  May  5, 1892. 

'  Died  December  15, 1892. 

8  Appointed  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  death  of  Randall  L. 
Gibson,  and  took  his  seat  January  14, 1893. 


50346°— S.  Doc.  654,  61-S 


338 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 


Arthur  Pue  Gorman,  Laurel. 


Henry  Page,1  Princess  Anne. 
John  B.  Brown,2  Centerville. 
Herman  Stump,  Bel  Air. 
Harry  W.  Rusk,  Baltimore. 


MARYLAND. 


SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


Charles  H.  Gibson,  Easton. 


Isidor  Rayner,  Baltimore. 

Barnes  H.  Compton,  Laurel. 

W.  McMahon  McKaig,  Cumberland. 


MASSACHUSETTS. 


Henry  L.  Dawes,  Pittefield. 


SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


Charles  S.  Randall,  New  Bedford. 
Elijah  A.  Morse,  Canton. 
John  F.  Andrew,  Boston. 
Joseph  H.  O'Neil,  Boston. 
Sherman  Hoar,  Waltham. 
Henry  C.  Lodge,3  Nahant. 


George  F.  Hoar,  Worcester. 


William  Cogswell,  Salem. 
Moses  T.  Stevens,  North  Andover. 
George  F.  Williams,  Dedham. 
Joseph  H.  Walker,  Worcester. 
Frederick  S.  Coolidge,  Ashburnham. 
John  C.  Crosby,  Pittsfield. 


MICHIGAN. 


SENATORS. 

Francis  B.  Stockbridge,  Kalamazoo. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

J.  Logan  Chipman,  Detroit. 
James  S.  Gorman,  Chelsea. 
James  O'Donnell,  Jackson. 
Julius  C.  Burrows,  Kalamazoo. 
Melbourne  H.  Ford,4  Grand  Rapids. 
Charles  E.  Belknap,5  Grand  Rapids. 


James  McMillan,  Detroit. 


Byron  G.  Stout,  Pontiac. 
Justin  R.  Whiting,  St.  Clair. 
Henry  M.  Youmans,  Saginaw. 
Harrison  H.  Wheeler,  Ludington. 
Thomas  A.  E.  Weadock,  Bay  City. 
Samuel  M.  Stephenson,  Menominee. 


MINNESOTA. 


Cushman  K.  Davis,  St.  Paul. 


SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


William  H.  Harries,  Caledonia. 
John  Lind,  New  Ulm. 
Osee  M.  Hall,  Red  Wing. 


MISSISSIPPI. 


SENATORS. 


James  Z.  George,  Carrollton. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


John  M.  Allen,  Tupelo. 
John  C.  Kyle,  Sardis. 
Thomas  C.  Catchings,  Vicksburg. 
Clarke  Lewis,  Macon. 


William  D.  Washburn,  Minneapolis. 


James  N.  Castle,  Still  water. 
Kittel  Hahwson,  North  Fork. 


Edward  C.  Walthall,  Grenada. 


Joseph  H.  Beeman,  Eley. 
Thomas  R.  Stockdale,  Summit. 
Charles  E.  Hooker,  Jackson. 


1  Resigned  September  3, 1892,  to  become  judge  of  first  judi- 
cial district  of  Maryland. 

2  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  Henry  Page, 
and  took  his  seat  December  5,  1892. 


3  Resigned  March  3, 1893,  having  been  elected  Senator. 
«  Died  April  20,  1891. 

5  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  death  of  Melbourne  H. 
Ford,  and  took  his  seat  December  7,  1891. 


FIFTY-SECOND   CONGBESS.  339 

MISSOURI. 

< 

SENATORS. 

Francis  M.  Cockrell,  Warrensburg.  George  G.  Vest,  Kansas  City. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

William  H.  Hatch,  Hannibal.  John  J.  O'Neill,  St.  Louis. 

Charles  H.  Mansur,  Chillicothe.  Seth  W.  Cobb,  St.  Louis. 

Alexander  M.  Dockery,  Gallatin.  Samuel  Byrns,  Potosi. 

Robert  P.  C.  Wilson,  Platte  City.  Richard  P.  Bland,  Lebanon. 

John  C.  Tarsney,  Kansas  City.  David  A.  De  Armond,  Butler. 

John  T.  Heard,  Sedalia.  Robert  W.  Fyan,  Marshfield. 

Richard  H.  Norton,  Troy.  Marshall  Arnold,  Benton. 

MONTANA. 

SENATORS. 

Thomas  C.  Power,  Helena.  Wilbur  F.  Sanders,  Helena. 

REPRESENTATIVE. 

William  W.  Dixon,  Butte  City. 
NEBRASKA. 

SENATORS. 

Charles  F.  Manderson,  Omaha.  Algernon  S.  Paddcok,  Beatrice. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

William  J.  Bryan,  Lincoln.  Omer  M.  Kem,  Broken  Bow. 

William  A.  McKeighan,  Red  Cloud. 

NEVADA. 

SENATORS. 

John  P.  Jones,  Gold  Hill.  William  M.  Stewart,  Carson  City. 

.  REPRESENTATIVE. 

Horace  F.  Bartine,  Carson  City. 
NEW  HAMPSHIRE. 

SENATORS. 

William  E.  Chandler,  Concord.  Jacob  H.  Gallinger,  Concord. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

Luther  F.  McKinney,  Manchester.  Warren  F.  Daniell,  Franklin. 

NEW  JERSEY. 

SENATORS. 

John  R.  McPherson,  Jersey  City.  Rufus  Blodgett,  Long  Branch. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

Christopher  A.  Bergen,  Camden.  Cornelius  A.  Cadmus,  Paterson, 

James  Buchannan,  Trenton.  Thomas  D.  English,  Newark. 

Jacob  A.  Geissenhainer,  Freehold.  Edward  F.  McDonald,1  Harrison. 
Samuel  Fowler,  Newton. 

1  Died  November  5,  1892. 


CONGRESSIONAL,  DIRECTORY. 


NEW   YORK. 


Frank  Hiscock,  Syracuse. 


SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


James  W.  Covert.  Long  Island  City. 
David  A.  Boody,1  Brooklyn. 
Alfred  C.  Chapin,2  Brooklyn. 
William  J.  Coombs,  Brooklyn. 
John  M.  Clancy,  Brooklyn. 
Thomas  F.  Magner,  Brooklyn. 
John  R.  Fellows,  New  York. 
Edward  J.  Dunphy,  New  York. 
Timothy  J.  Campbell,  New  York. 
Amos  J.  Cummings,  New  York. 
Francis  B.  Spinola,3  New  York. 
W.  Bourke  Cockran,4  New  York. 
J.  De  Witt  Warner,  New  York. 
Roswell  P.  Flower,5  New  York. 
Joseph  J.  Little,6  New  York. 
Ashbel  P.  Fitch,  New  York. 
William  G.  Stahlnecker,  Yonkers. 
Henry  Bacon,  Goshen. 
John  H.  Ketcham,  Dover  Plains. 


David  B.  Hill,  Elmira. 


Isaac  N.  Cox,  Ellenville. 
John  A.  Quackenbush,  Stillwater. 
Charles  Tracey,  Albany. 
John  Sanford,  Amsterdam. 
John  M.  Wever,  Plattsburg. 
Leslie  W.  Russell,7  Ogdensburg. 
Newton  M.  Curtis,8  Ogdensburg. 
Henry  W.  Bentley,  Boonville. 
George  Van  Horn,  Cooperstown. 
James  J.  Belden,  Syracuse. 
George  W.  Ray,  Norwich. 
Sereno  E.  Payne,  Auburn. 
Hosea  H.  Rockwell,9  Elmira. 
John  Raines,  Canandaigua. 
Halbert  S.  Greenleaf,  Rochester. 
James  W.  Wadsworth,  Geneseo. 
Daniel  N.  Lockwood,  Buffalo. 
Thomas  L.  Bunting,  Hamburg. 
Warren  B.  Hooker,  Fredonia. 


NORTH   CAROLINA. 

SENATORS. 

Matt  W.  Ransom,  Weldon.  Zebulon  B.  Vance,  Charlotte. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 


William  A.  B.  Branch,  Washington. 
Henry  P.  Cheatham,  Littleton. 
Benjamin  F.  Grady,  Wallace. 
Benjamin  H.  Bunn,  Rocky  Mount. 
Archibald  H.  A.  Williams,  Oxford. 


Sydenham  B.  Alexander,  Charlotte. 
John  S.  Henderson,  Salisbury. 
William  H.  H.  Cowles,  Wilkesboro. 
William  T.  Crawford,  Waynesville. 


NORTH  DAKOTA. 

SENATORS. 

Lyman  R.  Casey,  Jamestown.  Henry  C.  Hansbrough,  Devils  Lake. 

REPRESENTATIVE. 

Martin  N.  Johnson,  Petersburg. 
OHIO. 


SENATORS. 


John  Sherman,  Mansfield. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


Bellamy  Storer,  Cincinnati. 
John  A.  Caldwell,  Cincinnati. 
George  W.  Houk,  Dayton. 
Martin  K.  Gantz,  Troy. 
Fernando  C.  Layton,  Wapakoneta. 
Dennis  D.  Donovan,  Deshler. 
William  E.  Haynes,  Fremont. 
Darius  D.  Hare,  Upper  Sandusky. 
Joseph  H.  Outhwaite,  Columbus. 
Robert  E.  Doan,  Wilmington. 
John  M.  Pattison,  Milford. 


Calvin  S.  Brice,  Lima. 

William  H.  Enochs,  Ironton. 
Irvine  Dungan,  Jackson. 
James  W.  Owens,  Newark. 
Michael  D.  Harter,  Mansfield. 
John  G.  Warwick,10  Massillon. 
Lewis  P.  Ohliger,11  Wooster. 
Albert  J.  Pearson,  Woodsfield. 
Joseph  D.  Taylor,  Cambridge. 
Ezra  B.  Taylor,  Warren. 
Vincent  A.  Taylor,  Bedford. 
Tom  L.  Johnson,  Cleveland. 


i  Resigned  October  13, 1891. 

*  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  David  A . 
Boody,  and  took  his  seat  December  7, 1891;  resigned  Novem- 
ber 16,  1892. 

a  Died  April  13, 1891. 

*  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused    by  death  of   Francis  B. 
Spinola,  and  took  his  seat  December  7, 1891. 

:•  Resigned  September  16, 1891. 

«  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  Roswell 
P.  Flower,  and  took  his  seat  December  7,  1891. 


i  Resigned  September  11,  1891. 

8  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  Leslie  W. 
Russell,  and  took  his  seat  December  7, 1891. 

9  Election  unsuccessfully  contested  by  Henry  T.  Noyes. 
i°  Died  August  14,  1892. 

11  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  death  of  John  G.  War- 
wick, and  took  his  seat  December  5,  1892. 


FIFTY-SECOND  CONGRESS. 


341 


OREGON. 

SENATORS. 

Joseph  N.  Dolph,  Portland.  John  H.  Mitchell,  Portland. 

.        REPRESENTATIVE. 

Binger  Hermann,  Roseburg. 
PENNSYLVANIA. 


SENATORS. 


J.  Donald  Cameron,  Harrisburg. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


Henry  H.  Bingham,  Philadelphia. 
Charles  O'Neill,  Philadelphia. 
William  McAleer,  Philadelphia. 
John  E.  Reyburn,  Philadelphia. 
Alfred  C.  Harmer,  Philadelphia. 
John  B.  Robinson,  Media. 
Edwin  Hallowell,  Willow  Grove. 
William  Mutchler,  Easton. 
David  B.  Brunner,  Reading. 
Marriott  Brosius,  Lancaster. 
Lemuel  Amerman,  Scranton. 
George  W.  Shonk,1  Plymouth. 
James  B.  Reilly,  Pottsville. 
John  W.  Rife,  Middletown. 
Myron  B.  Wright,  Susquehanna. 


Matthew  S.  Quay,  Beaver. 


Albert  C.  Hopkins,  Lock  Haven. 
Simon  P.  Wolverton,  Sunbury. 
Louis  E.  Atkinson,  Mifflintown. 
Frank  E.  Beltzhoover,  Carlisle. 
Edward  Scull,  Somerset. 
George  F.  Huff,  Greensburg. 
John  Dalzell,  Pittsburgh. 
William  A.  Stone,  Allegheny. 
Andrew  Stewart,  jr.,2  Uniontown. 
Alexander  K.  Craig,3  Pittsburgh. 
William  A.  Sipe,4  Pittsburgh. 
Eugene  P.  Gillespie,  Greenville. 
Matthew  Griswold,  Erie. 
Charles  W.  Stone,  Warren. 
George  F.  Kribbs,  Clarion. 


RHODE   ISLAND. 

SENATORS. 

Nelson  W.  Aldrich,  Providence.  Nathan  F.  Dixon,  Westerly. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

Oscar  Lapham,  Providence.  Charles  H.  Page,  Scituate. 


SOUTH  CAROLINA. 

SENATORS. 


Matthew  C.  Butler,  Edgefield. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


William  H.  Brawley,  Charleston. 
George  D.  Tillman,  Clarks  Hill. 
George  Johnstone,  Newberry. 
George  W.  Shell,  Laurens. 


John  L.  M.  Irby,  Laurens. 


John  J.  Hemphill,  Chester. 
Eli  T.  Stackhouse,6  Little  Rock. 
John  L.  McLaurin,6  Marlboro  county. 
William  Elliott,  Beaufort. 


SOUTH  DAKOTA. 


SENATORS. 


Richard  F.  Pettigrew,  Sioux  Falls. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


John  R.  Gamble,7  Yankton. 
John  L.  Jolley,8  Vermilion. 


James  H.  Kyle,  Aberdeen. 


John  A.  Pickler,  Faulkton. 


1  Election  unsuccessfully  contested  by  John  B.  Reynolds. 

"  Served  until  February  26.  1892;  succeeded  by  Alexander 
K.  Craig,  who  contested  his  election. 

s  Successfully  contested  the  election  of  Andrew  Stewart, 
and  took  his  seat  February  26, 1892;  died  July  29,  1892. 

4  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  death  of  Alexander  K. 
Craig,  and  took  his  seat  December  5,  1892. 


o  Died  June  14,  1892. 

«  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  death  of  Ell  T.  Stack- 
house,  and  took  his  seat  December  5,  1892. 

7  Died  August  14,  1891. 

8  Elected  to  fill  vacancy   caused   by   death  of  John   R. 
Gamble,  and  took  his  seat  December  7, 1891. 


342 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 


Isham  G.  Harris,  Memphis. 


TENNESSEE. 

SENATORS. 
REPRESENTATIVES. 


Alfred  A.  Taylor,  Johnson  City. 
Leonidas  C.  Houk,1  Knoxville. 
John  C.  Houk,2  Knoxville. 
Henry  C.  Snodgrass,  Sparta. 
Benton  McMillin,  Carthage. 
James  D.  Richardson,  Murfreesboro. 


Richard  Coke,  Waco. 


TEXAS. 

SENATORS. 
REPRESENTATIVES. 


Charles  Stewart,  Houston. 
John  B.  Long,  Rusk. 
Constantine  B.  Kilgore,  Wills  Point. 
David  B.  Culberson,  Jefferson. 
Joseph  W.  Bailey,  Gainesville. 
Jo  Abbott,  Hillsboro. 


VERMONT. 


SENATORS. 


George  F.  Edmumnds,8  Burlington. 
Redfield  Proctor,9  Proctor. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


H.  Henry  Powers,  Morrisville. 


John  W.  Daniel,  Lynchburg. 


VIRGINIA. 

SENATORS. 
REPRESENTATIVES . 


William  A.  Jones,  Warsaw. 
John  W.  Lawson,  Isle  of  Wight. 
George  D.  Wise,  Richmond. 
James  F.  Epes,  Blackstone. 
Posey  G.  Lester,  Floyd. 
Paul  C.  Edmunds,  Halifax. 


William  B.  Bate,  Nashville. 


Joseph  E.  Washington,  Cedar  Hill. 
Nicholas  N.  Cox,  Franklin. 
Benjamin  A.  Enloe,  Jackson. 
Rice  A.  Pierce,  Union  City. 
Josiah  Patterson,  Memphis. 


John  H.  Reagan,3  Palestine. 
Horace  Chilton,4  Tyler. 
Roger  Q.  Mills,5  Corsicana. 


William  H.  Grain,  Cuero. 
Littleton  W.  Moore,  La  Grange. 
Roger  Q.  Mills,6  Corsicana. 
E.  Le  Roy  Antony,7  Cameron. 
Joseph  D.  Savers,  Bastrop. 
Samuel  W.  T.  Lanham,  Weatherford. 


Juston  S.  Morrill,  Strafford. 


William  W.  Grout,  Barton. 


John  S.  Barbour,10  Alexandria. 
Eppa  Hunton,11  Warrenton. 


Charles  T.  O'Ferrall,  Harrisonburg. 
William  H.  F.  Lee,12  Burkes  Station. 
Elisha  E.  Meridith,13  Brentsville. 
John  A.  Buchanan,  Abingdon. 
H.  St.  George  Tucker,  Staunton. 


WASHINGTON. 

SENATORS. 

John  B.  Allen,  Walla  Walla.  WTatson  C.  Squire,  Seattle. 

REPRESENTATIVE . 

John  L.  Wilson,  Spokane. 


i  Died  May  25, 1891. 

1  Elected  to  fill  the  vacancy  caused  by  death  of  Leonidas 
C.  Houk,  and  took  his  seat  December  7, 1891. 

3  Resigned  June  10,  1891. 

4  Appointed  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  John 
R.  Reagan,  and  took  his  seat  December  7,  1891. 

6  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  John  II. 
Reagan,  and  took  his  seat  March  30, 1892. 

6  Resigned  March  28,  1892,  having  been  elected  Senator. 

7  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  Roger  Q. 
Mills,  and  took  his  seat  July  28, 1892. 


8  Resigned  November  1, 1891. 

9  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  George  F. 
Edmunds,  and  took  his  seat  December  7, 1891. 

10  Died  May  14, 1892. 

11  Appointed  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  death  of  John  S. 
Barbour,  and  took  his  seat  June  1, 1892;  subsequently  elected. 

12  Died  October  15,  1891. 

18  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused   by  death  of  William  H. 
F.  Lee,  and  took  his  seat  December  7, 1891. 


FIFTY-SECOND    CONGRESS. 
WEST   VIRGINIA. 


343 


SENATORS. 


Charles  J.  Faulkner,  Marti  nsburg. 


REPRESENTATIVES . 


John  0.  Pendleton,  Wheeling. 
William  L.  Wilson,  Charlestown. 


Philetus  Sawyer,  Oshkosh. 


WISCONSIN. 

SENATORS. 
REPRESENTATIVES. 


Clinton  Babbitt,  Beloit. 
Charles  Barwig,  Mayville. 
Allen  R.  Bushnell,  Madison. 
John  L.  Mitchell,3  Milwaukee. 
George  H.  Brickner,  Sheboygan  Falls. 


WYOMING. 

SENATORS. 


Joseph  M.  Carey,  Cheyenne. 

REPRESENTATIVE . 

Clarence  D.  Clark,  Evanston. 
TERRITORY  OF  ARIZONA. 

DELEGATE. 

Marcus  A.  Smith,  Tombstone. 
TERRITORY  OF  NEW  MEXICO. 

DELEGATE. 

Antonio  Joseph,  Ojo  Caliente. 
TERRITORY  OF  OKLAHOMA. 

DELEGATE. 

David  A.  Harvey,  Oklahoma  City. 
TERRITORY  OF  UTAH. 

DELEGATE. 

John  T.  Caine,  Salt  Lake  City. 


John  E.  Kenna,1  Charleston. 
Johnson  N.  Camden,2  Parkersburg. 


John  D.  Alderson,  Nicholas. 
James  Capehart,  Point  Pleasant. 


William  F.  Vilas,  Madison. 

Lucas  M.  Miller,  Oshkosh. 
Frank  P.  Coburn,  West  Salem. 
Nils  P.  Haugen,  River  Falls. 
Thomas  Lynch,  Antigo. 


Francis  E.  Warren,  Cheyenne. 


1  Died  January  11,  1893. 

2  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  death  of  John  E.  Kenna, 
and  took  his  seat  January  28, 1893. 


3  Resigned  March  3, 1893,  having  been  elected  Senator. 


FIFTY-THIRD  CONGRESS. 


MARCH  4,  1893,  TO  MARCH  3,  1895. 


FIRST  SESSION— August  7,  1893,  to  November  3,  1893.  SECOND  SESSION— December 
4,  1893,  to  August  28,  1894.  THIRD  SESSION— December  3,  1894,  to  March  3,  1895. 
SPECIAL  SESSION  OF  THE  SENATE— March  4,  1893,  to  April  15,  1893. 


VICE-PEE SIDENT— Adlai  E.  Stevenson,  of  Illinois.  PRESIDENTS  OF  THE  SENATE  PRO 
TEMPORE — Charles  F.  Manderson, l  of  Nebraska ;  IshamG.  Harris,2  of  Tennessee;  Matt  W.  Ransom,3 
of  North  Carolina.  SECRETARY  OF  THE  SENATE— William  R.  Cox,4  of  North  Carolina. 

SPEAKER  OF  THE  HOUSE— Charles  L.  Crisp,  of  Georgia.  CLERK  OF  THE  HOUSE— James 
Kerr,  of  Pennsylvania. 


John  T.  Morgan,  Selma. 

Richard  H.  Clarke,  Mobile. 
Jesse  F.  Stallings,  Greenville. 
William  C.  Gates,5  Abbeville. 
George  P.  Harrison,6  Opelika. 
Gaston  A.  Robbins,  Selma. 
James  E.  Cobb,7  Tuskegee. 


James  K.  Jones,  Washington. 


ALABAMA. 


SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


ARKANSAS. 


SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


Philip  D.  McCulloch,  jr.,Marianna. 
Clifton  R.  Breckinridge,8  Pine  Bluff. 
John  S.  Little,9  Greenwood. 
Thomas  C.  McRae,  Prescott. 


James  L.  Pugh,  Eufaula. 

John  H.  Bankhead,  Fayette. 
William  H.  Denson,  Gadsden. 
Joseph  Wheeler,  Wheeler. 
Louis  W.  Turpin,  Newbern. 


James  H.  Berry,  Bentonville. 


William  L.  Terry,  Little  Rock. 
Hugh  A.  Dinsmore,  Fayetteville. 
Robert  Neill,  Batesville. 


CALIFORNIA. 


SENATORS. 


Leland  Stanford,10  San  Francisco. 
George  C.  Perkins,11  Oakland. 


Stephen  M.  White,  Los  Angeles. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


Thomas  J.  Geary,  Santa  Rosa. 
Anthony  Caminetti,  Jackson. 
Samuel  G.  Hilborn,12  Oakland. 
Warren  B.  English,13  Oakland. 
James  G.  Maguire,  San  Francisco. 


Eugene  F.  Loud,  San  Francisco. 
Marion  Cannon,  Ventura. 
William  W.  Bowers,  San  Diego. 


1  Resigned  as  President  pro  tempore  March  22, 1893. 

2  Elected  March  22,  1893,  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resigna- 
tion of  Charles  F.  Manderson,  and  January  10,  1895,  to  fill 
vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  Matt  W.  Ransom  as  Presi- 
dent pro  tempore. 

3  Elected  January  7,  1895;  resigned  as   President  pro  tem- 
pore January  10, 1895. 

<  Elected  April  6, 1893. 
s  Resigned  August  28, 1894. 

6  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  William  C. 
Gates,  and  took  his  seat  December  3, 1894. 

344 


7  Election  unsuccessfully  contested  by  W.  W.  Whatley. 
s  Resigned  August  14,  1S94. 

9  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  Clifton  R. 
Breckinridge,  and  took  his  seat  December  3, 1894. 

10  Died  June  21,  1893. 

11  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  death  of  Leland  Stanford, 
and  took  his  seat  August  8, 1893. 

12  Served  until  April  4,   1894;    succeeded    by  Warren  B. 
English,  who  contested  his  election. 

13  Successfully  contested  the  election  of  Samuel  G.  Hilborn, 
and  took  his  seat  April  4,  1894. 


FIFTY-THIRD   CONGRESS.  345 

COLORADO. 

N 

SENATORS. 

Henry  M.  Teller,  Central  City.  Edward  O.  Wolcott,  Denver. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

Lafe  Pence,  Denver.  John  C.  Bell,  Montrose. 

CONNECTICUT. 

SENATORS. 

Orville  H.  Platt,  Meriden.  Joseph  R.  Hawley,  Hartford. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

Lewis  Sperry,  Hartford.  Charles  A.  Russell,  Killingly. 

James  P.  Pigott,  New  Haven.  Robert  E.  DeForest,  Bridgeport. 

DELAWARE. 

SENATORS. 

George  Gray,  New  Castle.  Anthony  Higgins,  Wilmington. 

REPRESENTATIVE . 

John  W.  Causey,  Milford. 
FLORIDA. 

SENATORS. 

Wilkinson  Call,  Jacksonville.  Samuel  Pasco,  Monticello. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

Stephen  R.  Mallory,  Pensacola.  Charles  M.  Cooper,  Jacksonville. 

GEORGIA. 

SENATORS. 

Alfred  H.  Colquitt,1  Atlanta.  John  B.  Gordon,  Atlanta. 

Patrick  Walsh,2  Augusta. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

Rufus  E.  Lester,  Savannah.  John  W.  Maddox,  Rome. 

Benjamin  E.  Russell,  Bainbridge.  Thomas  G.  Lawson,  Eatonton. 

Charles  F.  Crisp,  Americus.  Farish  C.  Tate,  Jasper. 

Charles  L.  Moses,  Turin.  James  C.  C.  Black/*  Augusta. 

Leonidas  F.  Livingston,  Kings.  Henry  G.  Turner,  Quitman. 
Thomas  B.  Cabaniss,  Forsyth. 

IDAHO. 

SENATORS. 

George  L.  Shoup,  Salmon  City.  Fred  T.  Dubois,  Blackfoot. 

REPRESENTATIVE . 

Willis  Sweet,  Moscow. 
ILLINOIS. 

SENATORS. 

Shelby  M.  Cullom,  Springfield.  J.  McAuley  Palmer,  Springfield. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

J.  Frank  Aldrich,  Chicago.  Robert  R.  Hitt,  Mount  Morris. 

Lawrence  E.  McGann,  Chicago.  Thomas  J.  Henderson,  Princeton. 

Allan  C.  Durborow,  jr.,  Chicago.  Robert  A.  Childs,  Hinsdale. 

Julius  Goldzier,  Chicago.  Hamilton  K.  Wheeler,  Kankakee. 

Albert  J.  Hopkins,  Aurora.  Philip  S.  Post,4  Galesburg. 

J  Died  March  20,  1894.  3  Election  unsuccessfully  contested  by  Thomas  E.  Watson. 

2  Appointed  to  fill  the  vacancy  caused  by  the  death  of  Al-  <  Died  January  (i,  1895. 

fred  H.  Colquitt,  and  took  his  seat  April  9, 1894. 


346 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIEECTORY. 


Benjamin  F.  Marsh,  Warsaw. 
John  J.  McDannold,  Mount  Sterling. 
William  M.  Springer,  Springfield. 
Benjamin  F.  Funk,  Bloomington. 
Joseph  G.  Gannon,  Danville. 
George  W.  Fithian,  Newton. 


Edward  Lane,  Hillsboro. 
William  S.  Forman,  Nashville. 
James  R.  Williams,  Carmi. 
George  W.  Smith,  Murphysboro. 
John  C.  Black,1  Chicago. 
Andrew  J.  Hunter,  Paris. 


INDIANA. 


SENATORS. 


Daniel  W.  Voorhees,  Terre  Haute. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


Arthur  H.  Taylor,  Indianapolis. 
John  L.  Bretz,  Jasper. 
Jason  B.  Brown,  Seymour. 
William  S.  Holman,  Aurora. 
George  W.  Cooper,  Columbus. 
Henry  U.  Johnson,  Richmond. 
William  D.  Bynum,  Indianapolis. 


David  Turpie,  Indianapolis. 


Elijah  V.  Brookshire,  Crawfordsville. 
Dan  Waugh,  Tipton. 
Thomas  Hammond,  Hammond. 
Augustus  N.  Martin,  Bluff  ton. 
William  F.  McNagny,  Columbia  City. 
Charles  G.  Conn,  Elkhart. 


IOWA. 


SENATORS. 


William  B.  Allison,  Dubuque. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


John  H.  Gear,  Burlington. 
Walter  I.  Hayes,  Clinton. 
David  B.  Henderson,  Dubuque. 
Thomas  Updegraff,  McGregor. 
Robert  G.  Cousins,  Tiptoii. 
John  F.  Lacey,  Oskaloosa. 


James  F.  WTilson,  Fairfield. 


John  A.  T.  Hull,  Des  Moines. 
William  P.  Hepburn,  Clarinda. 
Alva  L.  Hager,  Greenfield. 
Jonathan  P.  Dolliver,  Fort  Dodge. 
George  D.  Perkins,  Sioux  City. 


KANSAS. 


William  A.  Peffer,  Topeka. 


Case  Broderick,  Holton. 
Edward  H.  Funston,3  lola. 
Horace  L.  Moore,4  Lawrence. 
Thomas  J.  Hudson,  Fredonia. 
Charles  Curtis,  Topeka. 


SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


John  Martin,2  Topeka. 


John  Davis,  Junction  City. 
William  Baker,  Lincoln. 
Jerry  Simpson,  Medicine  Lodge. 
William  A.  Harris,  Linwood. 


KENTUCKY. 


SENATORS. 


Joseph  C.  S.  Blackburn,  Versailles. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


William  J.  Stone,  Kuttawa. 
William  T.  Ellis,  Owensboro. 
Isaac  H.  Goodnight,  Franklin. 
Alexander  B.  Montgomery,  Elizabeth- 
town. 

Asher  G.  Caruth,  Louisville. 
Albert  S.  Berry,  Newport. 


William  Lindsay,  Frankfort. 


William  C.  P.  Breckinridge,  Lexington. 
James  B.  McCreary,  Richmond. 
Thomas  H.  Paynter,5  Greenup. 
Marcus  C.  Lisle,6  Winchester. 
William  M.  Beckner,7  Winchester. 
Silas  Adams,  Liberty. 


i  Resigned  January  12,  1895. 

'Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  death  of  Preston  B. 
Plumb,  in  preceding  Congress,  and  took  his  seat  March  4, 
1893  (special  session  of  the  Senate);  election  unsuccessfully 
contested  by  Joseph  W.  Ady. 

3  Served  until  August  2,  1894;  succeeded  by  Horace  L. 
Moore,  who  contested  his  election. 


4  Successfully  contested  the  election  of  Edward  H.  Funston, 
and  took  his  seat  August  2,  1894. 

o  Resigned  January  3,  1895. 

c  Died  July  7,  1894. 

7  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  death  of  Marcus  C.  Lisle, 
and  took  his  seat  December  3, 1894. 


FIFTY-THIRD   CONGRESS. 


347 


LOUISIANA. 

SENATORS. 


Donelson  Caffery,  Franklin. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 

Adolph  Meyer,  New  Orleans. 
Robert  C.  Davey,  New  Orleans. 
Andrew  Price,  Thibodeaux. 
Newton  C.  Blanchard,3  Shreveport. 


Eugene  Hale,  Ellsworth. 


Thomas  B.  Reed,  Portland. 
Nelson  Dingley,  jr.,  Lewiston. 


MAINE. 

SENATORS. 
REPRESENTATIVES. 

MARYLAND. 


Edward  D.  White,1  New  Orleans. 
Newton  C.  Blanchard,2  Shreveport. 


Henry  W.  Ogden,4  Benton. 
Charles  J.  Boatner,  Monroe. 
Samuel  M.  Robertson,  Baton  Rouge. 


William  P.  Frye,  Lewiston. 

Seth  L.  Milliken,  Belfast. 
Charles  A.  Boutelle,  Bangor. 


Arthur  Pue  Gorman,  Laurel. 


SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


Robert  F.  Bratton,5  Princess  Anne. 
W.  Laird  Henry,6  Cambridge. 
J.  Frederick  C.  Talbott,  Towson. 
Harry  W.  Rusk,  Baltimore. 


Charles  H.  Gibson,  Easton. 

Isidor  Rayner,  Baltimore. 
Barnes  Compton,7  Laurel. 
Charles  E.  Coffin,8  Muirkirk. 
William  M.  McKaig,  Cumberland. 


MASSACHUSETTS. 


SENATORS. 


George  F.  Hoar,  Worcester. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


Ashley  B.  Wright,  North  Adams. 
Frederick  H.  Gillett,  Springfield. 
Joseph  H.  Walker,  Worcester. 
Lewis  D.  Apsley,  Hudson. 
Moses  T.  Stevens,  North  Andover. 
William  Cogswell,  Salem. 
William  Everett,9  Quincy. 


MICHIGAN. 


Henry  Cabot  Lodge,  Nahant. 


Samuel  W.  McCall,  Winchester. 
Joseph  H.  O'Neil,  Boston, 
Michael  J.  McEttrick,  Boston. 
William  F.  Draper,  Hopedale. 
Elijah  A.  Morse,  Canton. 
Charles  S.  Randall,  New  Bedford. 


SENATORS. 


Francis  B.  Stockbridge,10  Kalamazoo. 
John  Patton,  jr..11  Grand  Rapids. 
Julius  C.  Burrows,12  Kalamazoo. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


J.  Logan  Chipman,13  Detroit. 

Levi  T.  Griffin,14  Detroit. 

James  S.  Gorman,  Chelsea. 

Julius  C.  Burrows,15  Kalamazoo. 

Henry  F.  Thomas,  Allegan. 

George  F.  Richardson,16  Grand  Rapids. 

David  D.  Aitken,  Flint. 


James  McMillan,  Detroit. 


Justin  R.  Whiting,  St.  Clair. 
William  S.  Linton,  Saginaw. 
John  W.  Moon,  Muskegon. 
Thomas  A.  E.  Weadock,  Bay  City. 
John  Avery,  Greenville. 
Samuel  M.  Stephenson,  Menominee. 


1  Resigned  March  12,  1894,  to  become  Associate  Justice  of 
the  United  States  Supreme  Court. 

2  Appointed    to    fill   vacancy    caused    by   resignation    of 
Edward  D.  White,  and  took  his  seat  March  12,  1894;  subse- 
quently elected. 

'Resigned  March  12, 1894, having  been  elected  Senator. 

<  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  Newton  C. 
Blanchard,  and  took  his  seat  May  12, 1894. 

5  Died  May  10, 1894. 

8  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  death  of  Robert  F. 
Bratton,  and  took  his  seat 'December  3, 1894. 

'  Resigned  May  12,  1894. 

8  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  Barnes 
Compton,  and  took  his  seat  December  3, 1894. 


'Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  Henry 
Cabot  Lodge,  in  preceding  Congress,  and  took  his  seat  August 
7,  1893. 

10  Died  April  30,  1894. 

11  Appointed  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  death  of  Francis  B. 
Stockbridge,  and  took  his  seat  May  10,  1894. 

12  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  death  of  Francis  B .  Stock- 
bridge,  and  took  his  seat  January  23,  1895. 

is  Died  August  17, 1893. 

n  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  death  of  J.  Logan  Chip- 
man, and  took  his  seat  December  4,  1893. 
i&  Resigned  January  23,  1895,  having  been  elected  Senator. 
16  Election  unsuccessfully  contested  by  Charles  E.  Belknap. 


348 


CONGRESSIONAL,  DIRECTORY. 


Cushman,  K.  Davis,  St.  Paul 


James  A.  Tawney,  Winona. 
James  T.  McCleary,  Mankato. 
Osee  M.  Hall,  Red  Wing. 
Andrew  R.  Kiefer,  St.  Paul. 


James  Z.  George,  Carrollton. 


MINNESOTA. 

SENATORS. 
REPRESENTATIVES. 


MISSISSIPPI. 

SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


John  M.  Allen,  Tupelo. 
John  C.  Kyle,  Sardis. 
Thomas  C.  Catchings,  Vicksburg. 
H.  De  Soto  Money,  Carrollton. 


MISSOURI. 


SENATORS. 


Francis  M.  Cockrell,  Warrensburg. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


William  H.  Hatch,  Hannibal. 
Uriel  S.  Hall,  Hubbard. 
Alexander  M.  Dockery,  Gallatin. 
Daniel  D.  Burnes,  St.  Joseph. 
John  C.  Tarsney,  Kansas  City. 
David  A.  De  Armond,  Butler. 
John  T.  Heard,  Sedalia. 
Richard  P.  Bland,  Lebanon. 


MONTANA. 


SENATORS. 


Thomas  C.  Power,  Helena. 


William  D.  Washburn,  Minneapolis. 

Loren  Fletcher,  Minneapolis. 
Melvin  R.  Baldwin,  Duluth. 
Haldor  E.  Boen,  Fergus  Falls. 


Edward  C.  Walthall,1  Grenada. 
Anselm  J.  McLaurin,2  Brandon. 


John  S.  Williams,  Yazoo. 
Thomas  R.  Stockdale,  Summit. 
Charles  E.  Hooker,  Jackson. 


George  G.  Vest,  Kansas  City. 


Champ  Clark,  Bowling  Green. 
Richard  Bartholdt,  St.  Louis. 
Charles  F.  Joy,3  St.  LouL*. 
John  J.  O'Neill,4  St.  Louis. 
Seth  W.  Cobb,  St.  Louis. 
Robert  W.  Fyan,  Marshfield. 
Marshall  Arnold,  Ben  ton. 
Charles  H.  Morgan,  Lamar. 


Lee  Mantle,5  Butte  City. 


REPRESENTATIVE . 

Charles  S.  Hartman,  Bozeman. 
NEBRASKA. 

SENATORS. 

Charles  F.  Manderson,  Omaha.  William  V.  Allen,  Madison. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 


William  J.  Bryan,  Lincoln. 
David  H.  Mercer,  Omaha. 
George  D.  Meiklejohn,  F'ullerton. 


Eugene  J.  Hainer,  Aurora. 
William  A.  McKeighan,  Red  Cloud. 
Omer  M.  Kem,  Broken  Bow. 


NEVADA. 


SENATORS. 


John  P.  Jones,  Gold  Hill. 


\Villiam  M.  Stewart,  Carson  City. 


REPRESENTATIVE. 

Francis  G.  Newlands,  Reno. 


1  Resigned  January  24,  1894. 

2  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  Edward  C. 
Walthall,  and  took  his  seat  February  15,  1894. 

a  Served  until  April  3,  1894;  succeeded  by  John  J.  O'Neill, 
who  contested  his  election. 

4 Successfully  contested  the  election  of  Charles  F.  Joy,  and 
took  his  seat  April  3,  1894. 


5  Appointed  to  fill  vacancy  in  the  term  commencing  March 
4, 1893,  owing  to  failure  of  legislature  to  elect ;  credentials  pre- 
sented March  9, 1893  ( special  session  of  the  Senate) ;  on  August 
28, 1893,  the  Senate  decided  he  was  not  entitled  to  a  seat;  sub- 
sequently elected  and  took  his  seat  February  2,  1895;  State 
unrepresented  in  this  class  from  March  4, 1893,  to  January  16. 
1895. 


FIFTY-THIRD  CONGRESS. 


349 


NEW  HAMPSHIRE. 

SENATORS. 

William  E.  Chandler,  Concord.  Jacob  H.  Gallinger,  Concord. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

Henry  W.  Blair,  Campton.  Henry  M.  Baker,  Bow. 

NEW  JERSEY. 


SENATORS. 


John  R.  McPherson,  Jersey  City. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


Henry  C.  Loudenslager,  Paulsboro. 
John  J.  Gardner,  Atlantic  City. 
Jacob  A.  Geissenhainer,  Freehold. 
Johnston  Cornish,  Washington. 


David  B.  Hill,  Albany. 


NEW  YORK. 


SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


James  W.  Covert,  Long  Island  City. 
John  M.  Clancy,  Brooklyn. 
Joseph  C.  Hendrix,  Brooklyn. 
William  G.  Coombs,  Brooklyn. 
John  H.  Graham,  Brooklyn. 
Thomas  F.  Magner,  Brooklyn. 
Franklin  Bartlett,  New  York. 
Edward  J.  Dunphy,  New  York. 
Timothy  J.  Campbell,  New  York. 
Daniel  E.  Sickles,  New  York. 
Amos  J.  Cummings,1  New  York. 
W.  Bourke  Cockran,  New  York. 
John  DeWitt  Warner,  New  York. 
John  R.  Fellows,2  New  York. 
Lemuel  E.  Quigg,3  New  York. 
Ashbel  P.  Fitch,4  New  York. 
Isidor  Straus,5  New  York. 
William  Ryan,  Port  Chester. 


James  Smith,  jr.,  Newark. 


Cornelius  A.  Cadmus,  Paterson. 
Thomas  D.  English,  Newark. 
George  B.  Fielder,  Jersey  City. 
John  T.  Dunn,  Elizabeth. 


Edward  Murphy,  jr.,  Troy. 

Francis  Marvin,  Port  Jervis. 
Jacob  Le  Fever,  New  Paltz. 
Charles  D.  Haines,  Kinderhook. 
Charles  Tracey,  Albany. 
Simon  J.  Shermerhorn,  Schenectady. 
Newton  M.  Curtis,  Ogdensburg. 
John  M.  Wever,  Plattsburg. 
Charles  A.  Chickering,  Copenhagen. 
James  S.  Sherman,  TJtica. 
George  W.  Ray,  Norwich. 
James  J.  Belden,  Syracuse. 
Serano  E.  Payne,  Auburn. 
Charles  W.  Gillet,  Addison. 
James  W.  Wadsworth,  Geneseo. 
John  Van  Voorhis,  Rochester. 
Daniel  N.  Lockwood,  Buffalo. 
Charles  Daniels,  Buffalo. 
Warren  B.  Hooker,  Fredonia. 


NORTH  CAROLINA. 


Matt  W.  Ransom,  Wei  don. 


SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


William  A.  B.  Branch,  Washington. 
Fred  A.  Wbodard,  Wilson. 
Benjamn  F.  Grady,  Wallace. 
Benjamin  H.  Bunn,  Rocky  Mount. 
Thomas  Settle,  Reidsville. 


Zebulon  B.  Vance,6  Charlotte. 
Thomas  J.  Jarvis,7  Greenville. 
Jeter  C.  Pritchard,8  Madison. 


Sydenham  B.  Alexander,  Charlotte. 
John  S.  Henderson,  Salisbury. 
William  H.  Bower,  Yadkin  Valley. 
William  T.  Crawford,  Waynesville. 


NORTH  DAKOTA. 

SENATORS. 

Henry  C.  Hansbrough,  Devils  Lake.  William  N.  Roach,  Larimor; 

REPRESENTATIVE . 

Martin  N.  Johnson,  Petersburg. 


1  Resigned  November  21, 1894. 

2  Resigned  December  22,  1893. 

3  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  John  R. 
Fellows,  and  took  his  seat  February  14,  1894. 

«  Resigned  December  26, 1893. 

6  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  Ashbel  P. 
Fitch,  and  took  his  seat  February  14, 1894. 


«  Died  April  14,  1894. 

7  Appointed  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  death  of  Zebulon  B. 
Vance,  and  took  his  seat  April  26,  1894. 

8  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  death  of  Zebulon  B. 
Vance,  and  took  his  seat  January  24, 1895. 


350 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 
OHIO. 


SENATORS. 


John  Sherman,  Mansfield. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


Bellamy  Storer,  Cincinnati. 
John  A.  Caldwell,1  Cincinnati. 
Jacob  H.  Bromwell,2  Cincinnati. 
George  W.  Houk,3  Dayton. 
Paul  J.  Sorg,4  Middletown. 
Fernando  C.  Lay  ton,  Wapakoneta. 
Dennis  D.  Donovan,  Deshler. 
George  W.  Huhck,  Batavia. 
George  W.  Wilson,  London. 
Luther  M.  Strong,  Kenton. 
Byron  F.  Ritchie,  Toledo. 
William  H.  Enochs,5  Iron  ton. 
Hezekiah  S.  Bundy,6  Wellston. 


Calvin  S.  Brice,  Lima. 


Charles  H.  Grosvenor,  Athens. 
Joseph  H.  Outhwaite,  Columbus. 
Darius  D.  Hare,  Upper  Sandusky  . 
Michael  D.  Harter,  Mansfield. 
Henry  C.  Van  Voorhis,  Zanesville. 
Albert  J.  Pearson,  Woodsfield. 
James  A.  D.  Richards,  New  Philadel- 
phia. 

George  P.  Ikirt,  East  Liverpool. 
Stephen  A.  North  way,  Jefferson. 
William  J.  White,  Cleveland. 
Tom  L.  Johnson,  Cleveland. 


OREGON. 


SENATORS. 

John  H.  Mitchell,  Portland.  Joseph  N.  Dolph,  Portland. 

REPRESENTATIVES . 

Binger  Hermann,  Roseburg.  William  R.  Ellis,  Heppner. 

PENNSYLVANIA. 


SENATORS. 


J.  Donald  Cameron,  Harrisburg. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


Henry  H.  Bingham,  Philadelphia. 
Charles  O'Neill,7  Philadelphia. 
Robert  Adams,  jr.,8  Philadelphia. 
William  McAleer,  Philadelphia. 
John  E.  Reyburn,  Philadelphia. 
Alfred  C.  Harmer,  Philadelphia. 
John.  B.  Robinson,  Media. 
Irving  P.  Wanger,  Norristown. 
William  Mutchler,9  Easton. 
Howard  Mutchler,10  Easton. 
Constantine  J.  Erdman,  Allen  town. 
Mariott  Brosius,  Lancaster. 
Joseph  A.  Scran  ton,  Scran  ton. 
William  H.  Hines,  Wilkes-Barre. 
James  B.  Reilly,  Pottsville. 
Ephraim  M.  Woomer,  Lebanon. 


Matthew  S.  Quay,  Beaver. 


Myron  B.  Wright,11  Susquehanna. 
Edwin  J.  Jorden,12  Coudersport. 
Albert  C.  Hopkins,  Lock  Haven. 
Simon  P.  Wolverton,  Sunbury. 
Thaddeus  M.  Mahon,  Chambersburg. 
Frank  E.  Beltzhoover,  Carlisle. 
Josiah  D.  Hicks,  Altoona. 
Daniel  B.  Heiner,  Kittanning. 
John  Dalzell,  Pittsburgh. 
William  A.  Stone,  Allegheny. 
William  A.  Sipe,  Pittsburgh. 
Thomas  W.  Phillips,  New  Castle. 
Joseph  C.  Sibley,  Franklin. 
Charles  W.  Stone,  Warren. 
George  F.  Kribbs,  Clarion. 
Alexander  McDowell,  Sharon. 
William  Lilly/3  Mauch  Chunk. 
Galusha  A.  Grow,14  Glenwood. 


RHODE  ISLAND. 

SENATORS. 

Nelson  W.  Aldrich,  Providence.  Nathan  F.  Dixon,  Westerly. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

Oscar  Lapham,  Providence.  Charles  H.  Page,  Providence. 


1  Resigned  May  1,  1894. 

2  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  John  A. 
Caldwell,  and  took  his  seat  December  3, 1894. 

3  Died  February  9,  1894. 

4  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  death  of  George  W. 
Houk,  and  took  his  seat  May  21, 1894. 

5  Died  July  13, 1893. 

6  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  death  of  William  H. 
Enochs,  and  took  his  seat  December  4, 1893. 

7  Died  November  25,  1893. 

8  Elected    to   fill  vacancy  caused    by   death   of    Charles 
O'Neill,  and  took  his  seat  January  3, 1894. 


9  Died  June  23,  1893. 

10  Elected  to   fill  vacancy   caused    by   death    of  William 
Mutchler,  and  took  his  seat  August  7, 1893. 
u  Died  November  13, 1894. 

12  Elected   to  fill  vacancv  caused  by  death  of  Myron  B. 
Wright,  and  took  his  seat  February  23,  1895. 

13  Died  December  1, 1893. 

H  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  death  of  William  Lilly, 
and  took  his  seat  March  2, 1894. 


FIFTY-THIRD   CONGRESS. 


351 


SOUTH  CAROLINA. 

SENATORS. 

Matthew  C.  Butler,  Edgefield.  John  L.  M.  Irby,  Laurens. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 


William  H.  Brawley,1  Charleston. 
James  F.  Izlar,2  Orangeburg. 
W.  Jasper  Talbert,  Parksville. 
Asbury  C.  Latimer,  Bel  ton. 


George  W.  Shell,  Laurens. 
Thomas  J.  Strait,  Lancaster. 
John  L.  McLaurin,  Marlboro  county. 
George  W.  Murray,  Rembert. 


SOUTH  DAKOTA. 

SENATORS. 

Richard  F.  Pettigrew,  Sioux  Falls.  James  H.  Kyle,  Aberdeen. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

John  A.  Pickler,  Faulkton.  William  V.  Lucas,  Hot  Springs. 

TENNESSEE. 


Isham  G.  Harris,  Memphis. 


SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


Alfred  A.  Taylor,  Johnson  City. 
John  C.  Houk,  Knoxville. 
Henry  C.  Snodgrass,  Sparta. 
Benton  McMillin,  Carthage. 
James  D.  Richardson,  Murfreesboro. 


Richard  Coke,  Waco. 


TEXAS. 


SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


Joseph  C.  Hutcheson,  Houston. 
Sam  B.  Cooper,  Woodville. 
Constantine  B.  Kilgore,  Wills  Point. 
David  B.  Culberson,  Jefferson. 
Joseph  W.  Bailey,  Gainesville. 
Jo  Abbott,  Hillsboro. 
George  C.  Pendleton,  Bel  ton. 


Justin  S.  Morrill,  Straff ord. 


VERMONT. 


SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


H.  Henry  Powers,  Morrisville. 


John  W.  Daniel,  Lynchburg. 


VIRGINIA. 


SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


William  A.  Jones,  Warsaw. 

D.  Gardiner  Tyler,  Charles  City  county. 

George  D.  Wise,  Richmond. 

James  F.  Epes,  Blackstone. 

Claude  A.  Swanson,  Chatham. 

Paul  C.  Edmunds,  Halifax  Court  House. 


William  B.  Bate,  Nashville. 


Joseph  E.  Washington,  Cedar  Hill. 
Nicholas  N.  Cox,  Franklin. 
Benjamin  A.  Enloe,3  Jackson. 
James  C.  McDearmon,  Trenton. 
Josiah  Patterson,  Memphis. 


Roger  Q.  Mills,  Corsicana. 


Charles  K.  Bell,  Fort  Worth. 
Joseph  D.  Sayers,  Bastrop. 
Walter  Gresham,  Galveston. 
William  H.  Grain,  Cuero. 
Thomas  M.  Paschal,  Castro ville. 
Jeremiah  V.  Cockrell,  Anson. 


Redfield  Proctor,  Proctor. 
William  W.  Grout,  Barton. 

Eppa  Hunton,  Warrenton. 


Charles  T.  O'Ferrall,4  Harrisonburg. 
Smith  S.  Turner,5  Front  Royal. 
Elisha  E.  Meredith,  Brentsville. 
James  W.  Marshall,  New  Castle. 
Henry  St.  George  Tucker,  Staunton. 


1  Resigned  February  12,  1894. 

2  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  William  II. 
Brawley.  and  took  his  seat  April  15,1894. 

s  Election  unsuccessfully  contested  by  P.  H.  Thrasher. 


<  Resigned  December  28,1893. 

'•>  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  Charles  T. 
O'Ferrall,  and  took  his  seat  February  12, 1894. 


352 


WASHINGTON. 

SENATORS.1 

Watson  C.  Squire,  Seattle.  John  L.  Wilson,2  Spokane. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

John  L.  Wilson,3  Spokane.  William  H.  Doolittle,  Tacoma. 

WEST  VIRGINIA. 

SENATORS. 

Charles  J.  Faulkner,  Martinsburg.  Johnson  N.  Camden,  Parkersburg. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 


John  0.  Pendleton,  Wheeling. 
William  L.  Wilson,  Charlestown. 


William  F.  Vilas,  Madison. 


WISCONSIN. 


SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


Henry  A.  Cooper,  Racine. 

Charles  Earwig,  Mayville. 

Joseph  W.  Babcock,  Necedah. 

Peter  J.  Somers,4  Milwaukee. 

George  H.  Brickner,  Sheboygan  Falls. 

Owen  A.  Wells,  Fond  du  Lac. 


John  D.  Alderson,  Nicholas. 
James  Capehart,  Mason  county. 


John  L.  Mitchell,  Milwaukee. 


George  B.  Shaw,5  Eau  Claire. 
Michael  Griffin,6  Eau  Claire. 
Lyman  E.  Barnes,  Appleton. 
Thomas  Lynch,  Antigo. 
Nils  P.  Haugen,  River  Falls. 


WYOMING. 

SENATORS. 

Joseph  M.  Carey,  Cheyenne. 

REPRESENTATIVE. 

Henry  A.  Coffeen,  Sheridan. 
TERRITORY  OF  ARIZONA. 

DELEGATE. 

Marcus  A.  Smith,  Tombstone. 
TERRITORY  OF  NEW  MEXICO. 

DELEGATE. 

Antonio  Joseph,  Ojo  Caliente. 
TERRITORY  OF  OKLAHOMA. 

DELEGATE. 

Dennis  T.  Flynn,  Guthrie. 
TERRITORY  OF  UTAH. 

DELEGATE. 

Joseph  L.  Rawlins,  Salt  Lake  City. 


Clarence  D.  Clark,7  Evanston. 


1  John  B.  Allen  was  appointed  to  fill  vacancy  in  the  term 
commencing  March  4, 1393,  the  legislature  having  met  and 
adjourned  without  electing  his  successor;   credentials  pre- 
sented March  20.  1893  (special  session  of  the  Senate),  but  he 
was  not  permitted  to  qualify;  on  August  28,  1893,  the  Senate 
decided  he  was  not  entitled  to  the  seat. 

2  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  in  the  term  commencing  March  4, 
1893,  and  took  his  seat  February  19,  1895;  vacancy  in  this  class 
from  March  4,  1893,  to  February  1,  1895. 

3  Resigned  February  18, 1895,  having  been  elected  Senator. 

4  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  John  L. 
Mitchell,  in  preceding  Congress,  and  took  his  seat  August  27, 
1893. 


5  Died  August  27.  1894. 

6  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  death  of  George  B.  Shaw, 
and  took  his  seat  December  3,  1894. 

7  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  in  the  term  commencing  March  4, 
1893,  and  took  his  seat  February  6, 1895.    Asahel  C.  Beckwith 
was  appointed  to  fill  such  vacancy,  and  his  credentials  were 
presented  March  15, 1893  (special  session  of  the  Senate),  but  did 
not  qualify  or  take  his  seat;  resigned  July  11,  1893;  State  un- 
represented in  this  class  from  March  4,  1893,  to  January  23, 
1895. 


FIFTY-FOURTH  CONGRESS. 


MARCH  4,  1895,  TO  MARCH  3,  1897. 


FIRST  SESSION— December  2,  1895,  to  June  11,  1896.    SECOND  SESSION— December  7, 

1896,  to  March  2,  1897. 


VICE  PRESIDENT— Adlai  E.  Stevenson,  of  Illinois.  PRESIDENT  OF  THE  SENATE  PEO 
TEMPORE— William  P.  Frye,1  of  Maine.  SECRETARY  OF  THE  SENATE— William  R.  Cox,  of 
North  Carolina. 

SPEAKER  OF  THE  HOUSE— Thomas  B.  Reed,  of  Maine.  CLERK  OF  THE  HOUSE— 
Alexander  McDowell,  of  Pennsylvania. 


ALABAMA. 


John  T.  Morgan,  Selma. 


SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


Richard  H.  Clarke,  Mobile. 
Jesse  F.  Stallings,  Greenville. 
George  P.  Harrison,2  Opelika. 
Gaston  A.  Robbins,3  Dallas  County. 
William  F.  Aldrich,4  Aldrich. 
James  E.  Cobb,5  Tuskegee. 


James  L.  Pugh,  Eufaula. 

Albert  T.  Goodwyn,6  Robinson  Springs. 
John  H.  Bankhead,  Fayette. 
Milford  W.  Howard,  Fort  Payne. 
Joseph  Wheeler,  Wheeler. 
Oscar  W.  Underwood,7  Birmingham. 
Truman  H.  Aldrich,8  Birmingham. 


ARKANSAS. 


James  K.  Jones,  Washington. 


SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


Philip  D.  McCulloch,  jr.,  Marianna. 
John  S.  Little,  Greenwood. 
Thomas  C.  McRae,  Prescott. 


James  H.  Berry,  Bentonville. 


William  L.  Terry,  Little  Rock. 
Hugh  A .  Dinsmore,  Fayetteville. 
Robert  Neill,  Batesville. 


CALIFORNIA. 


SENATORS. 


Stephen  M.  White,  Los  Angeles. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


John  A.  Barham,  Santa  Rosa. 
Grove  L.  Johnson,  Sacramento. 
Samuel  G.  Hilborn,  Oakland. 
James  G.  Maguire,  San  Francisco. 


George  C.  Perkins,  Oakland. 


Eugene  F.  Loud,  San  Francisco. 
James  McLachlan,  Pasadena. 
William  W.  Bowers,  San  Diego. 


1  Elected  February  7,  1896. 

2  Election  unsuccessfully  contested  by  W.  C.  Robinson. 

3  Served  until    March  13,  1896;  succeeded  by  William  F. 
Aldrich  who  contested  his  election. 

4  Successfully  contested  the  election  of  Gaston  A.  Robbins, 
and  took  his  seat  March  13  J896. 

*  Served  until  April  21. 1890;  succeeded  by  Albert  T.  Good- 
wyn, who  contested  hie  election. 

50346°— S.  Doc.  654,  61-2 23 


6  Successfully  contested  the  election  of  James  E.  Cobb,  and 
took  his  seat  April  22,  1890. 

'Served  until  June  9,  1896;  succeeded  by  Truman  H. 
Aldrich,  who  contested  his  election. 

8  Successfully  contested  the  election  of  Oscar  W.  Underwood, 
aud  took  his  seat  June  9, 1896. 


353 


354  CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 

COLORADO. 

SENATORS. 

Henry  M.  Teller,  Central  City.  Edward  O.  Wolcott,  Denver. 

REPRESENTATIVES . 

John  F.  Shafroth,  Denver.  John  C.  Bell,  Montrose. 

CONNECTICUT. 

SENATORS. 

Orville  H.  Platt,  Meriden.  Joseph  R.  Hawley,  Hartford. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

E.  Stevens  Henry,  Rockville.  Charles  A.  Russell,  Killingly. 

Nehemiah  D.  Sperry,  New  Haven.  Ebenezer  J.  Hill,  Norwalk. 

DELAWARE. 

SENATORS. 

George  Gray,  New  Castle.  Richard  R.  Kenny,1  Dover. 

REPRESENTATIVE . 

Jonathan  S.  Willis,  Milford. 
FLORIDA. 

SENATORS. 

Wilkinson  Call,  Jacksonville.  Samuel  Pasco,  Monticello. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

Stephen  M.  Sparkman,  Tampa.  Charles  M.  Cooper,  Jacksonville. 

GEORGIA. 

SENATORS. 

John  B.  Gordon,  Atlanta.  Augustus  0.  Bacon,  Macon. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

Rufus  E.  Lester,  Savannah.  Charles  L.  Bartlett,  Macon. 

Benjamin  E.  Russell,  Bainbridge.  John  W.  Maddox,4  Rome. 

Charles  F.  Crisp,2  Americus.  Thomas  G.  Lawson,  Eatonton. 

Charles  R.  Crisp,3  Americus.  Parish  C.  Tate,  Jasper. 

Charles  L.  Moses,  Turin.  James  C.  C.  Black,5  Augusta. 

Leonidas  F.  Livingston,  Kings.  Henry  G.  Turner,  Quitman. 

IDAHO. 

SENATORS. 

George  L.  Shoup,  Salmon  City.  Fred  T.  Dubois,  Blackfoot. 

REPRESENTATIVE . 

Edgar  Wilson,  Boise  City. 

i  A  petition  and  papers,  certifying  to  the  election  of  Henry  presented  on  February  5, 1897;  appeared,  qualified,  and  took 

A.  du  Pont  for  the  term  commencing  March  4,  1895,  were  his  seat  on  the  same  day.    The  contest  was  continued  in  the 

presented  December  4, 1895;  numerous  affidavits  and  papers  succeeding  Congress.    The  State  was  unrepresented  in  this 

challenging  the  regularity  of  the  election  were  also  presented;  class  from  March  4, 1895,  to  January  19, 1897. 

the  Committee  on  Privileges  and  Elections  reported  favorably  2  Died  October  23, 1896. 

to  Mr.  du  Pont,  February  17, 1896,  but  on  May  15,  1896,  the  3  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  death  of  Charles  F.  Crisp, 

Senate,  by  a  vote  of  31  to  30,  decided  he  was  not  entitled  to  a  and  took  his  seat  December  19,  1896. 

seat;  papers  and  legislative  records  were  presented  January  *  Election  unsuccessfully  contested  by  William  H.  Felton. 

21, 1897,  attesting  the  election  of  John  Edwards  Addicks  on  &  Resigned  March  4,  1895,  subsequently  elected  to  fill  va- 

the  day  preceding,  for  the  term  commencing  March  4, 1895;      cancy  caused  by  his  own  resignation  and  took  his  seat ; 

credentials  of  Richard  R.  Kenny,  duly  signed  by  the  gov-  election  unsuccessfully  contested  by  Thomas  E.  Watson. 
emor,  and  certifying  to  his  election  on  J anuary  19, 1897,  were 


FIFTY-FOURTH   CONGEESS. 


355 


ILLINOIS. 


SENATORS. 


Shelby  M.  Cullom,  Springfield. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


J.  Frank  Aldrich,  Chicago. 
William  Lorimer,  Chicago. 
Lawrence  E.  McGann,1  Chicago. 
Hugh  R.  Belknap,2  Chicago. 
Charles  W.  Woodman,  Chicago. 
George  E.  White,  Chicago. 
Edward  D.  Cooke,  Chicago. 
George  E.  Foss,  Chicago. 
Albert  J.  Hopkins,  Aurora. 
Robert  R.  Hitt,  Mount  Morris. 
George  W.  Prince,3  Galesburg. 
Walter  Reeves,  Streator. 
Joseph  G.  Cannon,  Danville. 


INDIANA. 


SENATORS. 


Daniel  W.  Voorhees,  Terre  Haute. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


James  A.  Hemenway,  Boonville. 
Alexander  M.  Hardy,  Washington. 
Robert  J.  Tracewell,  Corydon. 
James  E.  Watson,  Rushville. 
Jesse  Overstreet,  Indianapolis. 
Henry  U.  Johnson,  Richmond. 
Charles  L.  Henry,  Anderson. 


IOWA. 


SENATORS. 


William  B.  Allison,  Dubuque. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


Samuel  M.  Clark,  Keokuk. 
George  M.  Curtis,  Clinton. 
David  B.  Henderson,  Dubuque. 
Thomas  Updegraff,  McGregor. 
Robert  G.  Cousins,  Tipton. 
John  F.  Lacey,  Oskaloosa. 


J.  McAuley  Palmer,  Springfield. 

Vespasian  Warner,  Clinton. 
Joseph  y.  Graff,  Pekin. 
Benjamin  F.  Marsh,  Warsaw. 
Finis  E.  Downing,4  Virginia. 
John  I.  Rinaker,5  Carlinville. 
James  A.  Connolly,  Springfield. 
Frederick  Remann,6  Madison. 
William  F.  L.  Hadley,7  Edwardsville. 
Benson  Wood,  EfBngham. 
Orlando  Burrell,  Carmi. 
Everett  J.  Murphy,  East  St.  Louis.     . 
George  W.  Smith,  Murphysboro. 


David  Turpie,  Indianapolis. 


George  W.  Faris,  Terre  Haute. 
J.  Frank  Hanley,  Williamsport. 
Jethro  A.  Hatch,  Kentland. 
George  W.  Steele,  Marion. 
Jacob  D.  Leighty,  St.  Joe. 
Lemuel  W.  Royse,  Warsaw. 


John  H.  Gear,  Burlington. 

John  A.  T.  Hull,  Des  Moines. 
William  P.  Hepburn,  Clarinda. 
Alva  L.  Hager,  Greenfield. 
Jonathan  P.  Dolliver,  Fort  Dodge. 
George  D.  Perkins,  Sioux  City. 


KANSAS. 


SENATORS. 

William  A.  Peffer,  Topeka. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

Case  Broderick,  Hoi  ton. 
Orrin  L.  Miller,  Kansas  City. 
Snyder  S.  Kirkpatrick,  Fredonia. 
Charles  Curtis,  Topeka. 

KENTUCKY. 


Lucien  Baker,  Leaven  worth. 

William  A.  Calderhead,  Marysville. 
William  Baker,  Lincoln. 
Chester  I.  Long,  Medicine  Lodge. 
Richard  W.  Blue,  Pleasanton. 


SENATORS. 


Joseph  C.  S.  Blackburn,  Versailles. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


John  K.  Hendrick,  Smithland. 
John  D.  Clardy,  Newstead. 
W.  Godfrey  Hunter,  Burkesville. 
John  W.  Lewis,  Springfield. 
Walter  Evans,  Louisville. 
Albert  S.  Berry,  Newport. 


William  Lindsay,  Frankfort. 

William  C.  Owens,8  Georgetown.  ' 
James  B.  McCreary,  Richmond. 
Samuel  J.  Pugh,  Vanceburg. 
Joseph  M.  Kendall,9  Presto nsburg. 
N.  T.  Hopkins,10  Marshall. 
David  G.  Colson,  Middlesboro. 


'  Resigned  December  2,  1895;  suc-ceeded  by  Hugh  R.  Bel- 
knap,  who  contested  his  election. 

2  Successfully  contested  the  election  of  Lawrence  E. McGann, 
and  took  his  seat  December  27, 1895. 

3  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  death  of  Philip  S.  Post 
in  preceding  Congress,  and  took  his  seat  December  2, 1895. 

4  Served  until  January  5,  189G;  succeeded  by  John  I.  Rina- 
ker, who  contested  his  election. 

6  Successfully  contested  the  election  of  Finis  E.  Downing, 
and  took  his  seat  January  5,  1896. 


"Died  July  14,  1895. 

'  Elected   to   fill   vacancy   caused  by  death  of  Frederick 
Remann,  and  took  his  seat  December  2,  1 895. 

s  Election  unsuccessfully  contested  by  George  Denny,  jr. 

9  Served  until  February  18,  1897;  succeeded  byN.  T.  Hop- 
kins, who  contested  his  election. 

">  Successfully  contested  the  election  of  Joseph  M.Kendall, 
and  took  his  seat  February  18, 1897. 


356 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 
LOUISIANA. 

SENATORS. 


Donelson  Caffery,  Franklin. 


Newton  0.  Blanchard,  Shreveport. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 

Adolph  Meyer,  New  Orleans.  Henry  W.  Ogden,  Benton. 

Charles  F.  Buck,1  New  Orleans.  Charles  J.  Boatner,3  Monroe. 

Andrew  Price,2  Thibodaux.  Samuel  M.  Robertson,  Baton  Rouge. 


Eugene  Hale,  Ellsworth. 


MAINE. 

SENATORS. 
REPRESENTATIVES. 


Thomas  B.  Reed,  Portland. 
Nelson  Dingley,  jr.,  Lewiston. 


William  P.  Frye,  Lewiston. 


Seth  L.  Millikin,  Belfast. 
Charles  A.  Boutelle,  Bangor. 


MARYLAND. 

SENATORS. 

Arthur  Pue  Gorman,  Laurel.  Charles  H.  Gibson,  Easton. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 


Joshua  W.  Miles,  Princess  Anne. 
William  B.  Baker,  Aberdeen. 
Harry  W.  Rusk,4  Baltimore. 


John  K.  Cowen,  Baltimore. 
Charles  E.  Coffin,  Muirkirk. 
George  L.  Wellington,  Cumberland. 


MASSACHUSETTS. 


George  F.  Hoar,  Worcester. 


SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


Ashley  B.  Wright,  North  Adams. 
Frederick  H.  Gillett,  Springfield. 
Joseph  H.  Walker,  Worcester. 
Lewis  D.  Apsley,  Hudson. 
William  S.  Knox,  Lawrence. 
William  Cogswell,5  Salem. 
William  H.  Moody,6  Haverhill. 


James  McMillan,  Detroit. 


MICHIGAN. 


SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


John  B.  Corliss,  Detroit. 
George  Spalding,  Monroe. 
Alfred  Milnes,7  Coldwater. 
Henry  F.  Thomas,  Allegan. 
William  Alden  Smith,  Grand  Rapids. 
David  A.  Aitken,  Flint. 


Henry  Cabot  Lodge,  Nahant. 


William  E.  Barrett,  Melrose. 
Samuel  W.  McCall,  Winchester. 
John  F.  Fitzgerald,  Boston. 
Harrison  H.  Atwood,  Boston. 
William  F.  Draper,  Hopedale. 
Elijah  A.  Morse,  Canton. 
John  Simpkins,  Yarmouth. 


Julius  C.  Burrows,  Kalamazoo. 

Horace  G.  Snover,  Port  Austin. 
William  S.  Linton,  Saginaw. 
Roswell  P.  Bishop,  Ludington. 
Rousseau  O.  Crump,  We&t  Bay  City. 
John  Avery,  Greenville. 
Samuel  M.  Stephenson,  Menominee. 


MINNESOTA. 


Cushman  K.  Davis,  St.  Paul. 

James  A.  Tawney,  Winona. 
James  T.  McCleary,  Mankato. 
Joel  P.  Heatwole,  Northfield. 
Andrew  R.  Keifer,  St.  Paul. 


SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


Knute  Nelson,  Alexandria. 


Loren  Fletcher,  Minneapolis. 
Charles  A.  Towne,  Duluth. 
Frank  M.  Eddy,  Glenwood. 


i  Election  unsuccessfully  contested  by  II.  Dudley  Coleman. 

*  Election  unsuccessfully  contested  by  Taylor  Beattie. 

s  Election  contested  by  Alexis  Benoit;  seat  declared  vacant 
March.  20, 1896;  subsequently  elected  and  took  his  seat  Decem- 
ber 10,  1896;  this  election  unsuccessfully  contested  by  Alexis 
Benoit. 

4  Election  unsuccessfully  contested  by  William  S.  Booze. 


5  Died  May  22,  1895. 

6  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  death  of  William  Cogswell, 
and  took  his  seat  December  2,  1895. 

7  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  Julius  C. 
Burrows,  elected  Senator,  in  preceding  Congress,  and  took  his 
seat  December  2, 1895. 


FIFTY-FOURTH    CONGRESS. 


357 


MISSISSIPPI. 


SENATORS. 


Jameg  Z.  George,  Carroll  ton. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


John  M.  Allen,  Tupelo. 
John  C.  Kyle,  Sardis. 
Thomas  C.  Catchinga,  Vicksburg. 
H.  De  Soto  Money,  Carrollton. 


MISSOURI. 


SENATORS. 


Francis  M.  Cockrell,  Warrensburg. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


Charles  N.  Clark,  Hannibal. 
Uriel  S.  Hall,  Hubbard. 
Alexander  M.  Dockery,  Gallatin. 
George  C.  Crowther,  St.  Joseph. 
John  C.  Tarsney,1  Kansas  City. 
Robert  T.  Van  Horn,2  Kansas  City. 
David  A.  De  Armond,  Butler. 
John  P.  Tracey,  Springfield. 


MONTANA. 

SENATORS. 


Lee  Mantle,  Rutte. 


Edward  C.  Walthall,  Grenada. 

John  S.  Williams,  Yazoo. 
Walter  McK.  Denny,  Scranton. 
James  G.  Spencer,  Port  Gibson. 


George  G.  Vest,  Kansas  City. 


Joel  D.  Hubbard,  Versailles. 
William  M.  Treloar,  Mexico. 
Richard  Bartholdt,  St.  Louis. 
Charles  F.  Joy,  St.  Louis. 
Seth  W.  Cobb,  St.  Louis. 
John  H.  Raney,  Piedmont. 
Norman  A.  Mozley,  Dexter. 
Charles  G.  Burton,  Nevada. 


Thomas  H.  Carter,  Helena. 


REPRESENTATIVE . 

Charles  S.  Hartman,  Bozeman. 
NEBRASKA. 

SENATORS. 

William  V.  Allen,  Madison.  John  M.  Thurston,  Omaha. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 


Jesse  B.  Strode,  Lincoln. 
David  H.  Mercer,  Omaha. 
George  D.  Meiklejohn,  Fullerton. 


Eugene  J.  Hainer,  Aurora. 
William  E.  Andrews,  Hastings. 
Omer  M.  Kem,  Broken  Bow. 


NEVADA. 

SENATORS. 

John  P.  Jones,  Gold  Hill.  William  M.  Stewart,  Carson  City. 

REPRESENTATIVE . 

Francis  G.  Newlands,  Reno. 


NEW  HAMPSHIRE. 

SENATORS. 

William  E.  Chandler,  Concord.  Jacob  H.  Gallinger,  Concord. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

Cyrus  A.  Sulloway,  Manchester.  Henry  M.  Baker,  Bow. 


i  Served  until  February  27,  189(1;  succeeded  by  Robert  T. 
Van  Horn,  who  contested  his  election. 


2  Successfully  contested  the  election  of  John  C.  Tarsney.  and 
took  his  seat  February  27,  1896. 


358 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 


James  Smith,  jr.,  Newark. 


NEW  JERSEY. 

SENATORS. 
REPRESENTATIVES. 


Henry  C.  Loudenslager,  Paulsboro. 
John  J.  Gardner,  Atlantic  City. 
Benjamin  F.  Howell,  New  Brunswick. 
Mahlon  Pitney,  Morristown. 


William  J.  Sewell,  Camden. 


James  F.  Stewart,  Paterson. 
Richard  W.  Parker,  Newark. 
Thomas  McEwan,  jr.,  Jersey  City. 
Charles  N.  Fowler,  Elizabeth. 


David  B.  Hill,  Albany. 


NEW   YORK. 


SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


Richard  C.  McCormick,  Jamaica. 
Denis  M.  Hurley,  Brooklyn. 
Francis  H.  Wilson,  Brooklyn. 
Israel  F.  Fischer,  Brooklyn. 
Charles  G.  Bennett,  Brooklyn. 
James  R.  Howe,  Brooklyn. 
Franklin  Bartlett,  New  York. 
James  J.  Walsh,1  New  York. 
John  M.  Mitchell,2  New  York. 
Henry  Clay  Miner,3  New  York. 
Amos  J.  Cummings,4  New  York. 
William  Sulzer,  New  York. 
George  B.  McClellan,  New  York. 
Richard  C.  Shannon,  New  York. 
Lemuel  E.  Quigg,  New  York. 
Philip  B.  Low,  New  York. 
Benjamin  L.  Fairchild,  Pelham Heights. 
Benjamin  B.  Odell,  jr.,  Newburgh. 


Edward  Murphy,  jr.,  Troy. 


Jacob  Le  Fever,  New  Paltz. 
Frank  S.  Black,5  Troy. 
George  N.  Southwick,  Albany. 
David  F.  Wilber,  Oneonta. 
Newton  M.  Curtis,  Ogdensburg. 
Wallace  T.  Fopte,  jr.,  Port  Henry. 
Charles  A.  Chickering,  Copenhagen. 
James  S.  Sherman,  Utica. 
George  W.  Ray,  Norwich. 
Theodore  L.  Poole,  Syracuse. 
Sereno  E.  Payne,  Auburn. 
Charles  W.  Gillett,  Addison. 
James  W.  Wads  worth,  Geneseo. 
Henry  C.  Brewster,  Rochester. 
Rowland  B.  Mahany,  Buffalo. 
Charles  Daniels,  Buffalo. 
Warren  B.  Hooker,  Fredonia. 


NORTH  CAROLINA. 

SENATORS. 


Jeter  C.  Pritchard,  Marshall. 


REPRESENTATIVES . 


Harry  Skinner,  Greenville. 
Frederick  A.  Woodard,6  Wilson. 
John  G.  Shaw,7.  Fayetteville. 
William  F.  Strowd,  Pittsboro. 
Thomas  Settle,  Reidsville. 


Marion  Butler,  Elliott. 


James  A.  Lockhart,8  Wadesboro. 
Charles  H.  Martin,9  Polkton. 
Alonzo  C.  Shuford,  Newton. 
Romulus  Z.  Linney,  Taylorsville. 
Richmond  Pearson,  Asheville. 


NORTH   DAKOTA. 

SENATORS. 

Henry  C.  Hansbrough,  Devils  Lake.  William  N.  Roach,  Larimore. 

REPRESENTATIVE . 

Martin  N.  Johnson,  Petersburg. 


i  Served  until  June  2, 1896;  succeeded  by  John  M.  Mitchell, 
who  contested  his  election. 

1  Successfully  contested  the  election  of  James  J.  Walsh,  and 
took  his  seat  June  2,  1896. 

3  Election  unsuccessfully  contested  by  Timothy  J.  Campbell. 

«  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  death  of  Andrew  J. 
Campbell  in  preceding  Congress,  and  took  his  seat  December 
2,  1895. 


5  Resigned  January  7,  1887,  having  been  elected  Governor. 

6  Election  unsuccessfully  contested  by  Henry  P.  Cheatham. 
'  Election  unsuccessfully  contested  by  Cyrus  Thompson. 

8  Served  until  June  5, 1896;  succeeded' by  Charles  H.  Martin, 
who  contested  his  election. 

9  Successfully  contested  election  of  James  A.  Lockhart,  and 
took  his  seat  June  5, 1890. 


FIFTY-FOURTH    CONGRESS. 


359 


OHIO. 


SENATORS. 


John  Sherman,  Mansfield. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


Charles  P.  Taft,  Cincinnati. 
Jacob  H.  Bromwell,  Cincinnati. 
Paul  J.  Sorg,  Middletown. 
Fernando  C.  Lay  ton,  Wapakoneta. 
.Francis  B.  De  Witt,  Paulding. 
George  W.  Hulick,  Batavia. 
George  W.  Wilson,  London. 
Luther  M.  Strong,  Kenton. 
James  H.  Southard,  Toledo. 
Lucien  J.  Fenton,  Winchester. 
Charles  H.  Grosvenor,  Athens. 


Calvin  S.  Brice,  Lima. 


David  K.  Watson,  Columbus. 
Stephen  R.  Harris,  Bucyrus. 
Winfield  S.  Kerr,  Mansfield. 
Henry  C.  Van  Voorhis,  Zanesville. 
Lorenzo  Danford,  St.  Clairsville. 
Addison  S.  McClure,  Wooster. 
Robert  W.  Tayler,  New  Lisbon. 
Stephen  A.  Northway,  Jefferson. 
Clifton  B.  Beach,  Cleveland. 
Theodore  E.  Burton,  Cleveland. 


OREGON. 


SENATORS 

John  H.  Mitchell,  Portland.  George  W.  McBride,  St.  Helens. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

Binger  Hermann,  Roseburg.  William  R.  Ellis,  Heppner. 

PENNSYLVANIA. 


SENATORS. 


J.  Donald  Cameron,  Harrisburg. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


Henry  H.  Bingham,  Philadelphia. 
Robert  Adams,  jr.,  Philadelphia. 
Frederick  Halterman,  Philadelphia. 
John  E.  Reyburn,  Philadelphia. 
Alfred  C.  Harmer,  Philadelphia. 
John  B.  Robinson,  Media. 
Irving  P.  Wanger,  Norristown. 
Joseph  J.  Hart,  Milford. 
Constantine  J.  Erdman,  Allentown. 
Marriott  Brosius,  Lancaster. 
Joseph  A.  Scranton,  Scranton. 
John  Leisenring,  Upper  Lehigh. 
Charles  N.  Brumm,  Minersville. 
Ephraim  M.  Woomer,  Lebanon. 
James  H.  Codding,1  Towanda. 


Matthew  S.  Quay,  Beaver. 


Fred  C.  Leonard,  Coudersport. 
Monroe  H.  Kulp,  Shamokin. 
Thaddeus  M.  Mahon,  Chambersburg. 
James  A.  Stable,  Emigsville. 
Josiah  D.  Hicks,  Altoona. 
Daniel  B.  Heiner,  Kittanning. 
John  Dalzell,  Pittsburgh. 
William  A.  Stone,  Allegheny. 
Ernest  F.  Acheson,  Washington. 
Thomas  W.  Phillips,  New  Castle. 
Matthew  Griswold,  Erie. 
Charles  W.  Stone,  Warren. 
William  C.  Arnold,  Du  Bois. 
Galusha  A.  Grow,  Glenwood. 
George  F.  Huff,  Greensburg. 


RHODE   ISLAND. 


SENATORS. 


Nelson  W.  Aldrich,  Providence. 


George  P.  Wetmore,  Newport. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


Melville  Bull,  Middletown.  Warren  O.  Arnold,  Chepatchet. 

SOUTH   CAROLINA. 


John  L.  M.  Irby,  Laurens. 


William  Elliott,2  Beaufort. 
George  W.  Murray,3  Rembert. 
W.  Jasper  Talbert,  Parksville. 
Asbury  C.  La  timer,4  Belton. 


SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


Benjamin  R.  Tillman,  Trenton. 


Stanyarne  Wilson,  Spartanburg. 
Thomas  J.  Strait,  Lancaster. 
John  L.  McLaurin, 5  Marlboro  County. 
J.  William  Stokes,6  Orangeburg. 


1  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  death  of  Myron  B.  Wright 
(November  13,  1894,  before  the  beginning  of  the  Congress),  and 
took  his  seat  December  2,  1895. 

3  Served  until  June  4,  1896;  succeeded  by  George  W.  Murray, 
who  contested  his  election. 

'  Successfully  contested  the  election  of  William  Elliott,  and 
took  his  seat  June  4,  1896. 


4  Election  unsuccessfully  contested  by  Robert  Moorman. 

6  Election  unsuccessfully  contested  by  Joshua  E.  Wilson. 

6  Election  contested  by  James  B.  Johnston,  but  the  House 
on  June  1,  1896.  declared  the  election  invalid  and  seat  vacant; 
subsequently  elected  and  took  his  seat  December  7, 1896. 


360 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 


SOUTH  DAKOTA. 

'   ii  . 

SENATORS. 

Richard  F.  Pettigrew,  Sioux  Falls.  James  H.  Kyle,  Aberdeen. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 


John  A.  Pickler,  Faulkton. 


Isham  G.  Harris,  Memphis. 


TENNESSEE. 

SENATORS. 
REPRESENTATIVES. 


William  C.  Anderson,  Newport. 
Henry  R.  Gibson,  Knoxville. 
Foster  V.  Brown,  Chattanooga. 
Benton  McMillin,  Carthage. 
James  D.  Richardson,  Murfreesboro. 


TEXAS. 

SENATORS. 


Robert  J.  Gamble,  Yankton. 


William  B.  Bate,  Nashville. 


Joseph  E.  Washington,  Cedar  Hill. 
Nicholas  N.  Cox,  Franklin. 
John  E.  McCall,  Lexington. 
James  C.  McDearmon,  Trenton. 
Josiah  Patterson,  Memphis. 


Horace  Chilton,  Tyler. 


Roger  Q.  Mills,  Corsicana. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

Joseph  C^  Hutcheson,  Houston.  Charles  K.  Bell,  Fort  Worth. 

Joseph  D.  Sayers,  Bastrop. 
Miles  Crowley,3  Galveston. 
William  H.  Grain,4  Cuero. 
Rudolph  Kleberg,5  Cuero. 
George  H.  Noonan,  San  Antonio. 
Jeremiah  V.  Cockrell,  Anson. 


Sam  B.  Cooper,  Woodville. 
Charles  H.  Yoakum,  Greenville. 
David  B.  Culberson,1  Jefferson. 
Joseph  W.  Bailey,  Gainesville. 
Jo  Abbott,2  Hillsboro. 
George  C.  Pendelton,  Belton. 


UTAH.6 

SENATORS. 


Frank  J.  Cannon,7  Ogden. 


Arthur  Brown,8  Salt  Lake  City. 


REPRESENTATIVE. 

Clarence  E.  Allen,9  Salt  Lake  City. 
VERMONT. 

SENATORS. 

Justin  S.  Morrill,  Strafford.  Redfield  Proctor,  Proctor. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

H.  Henry  Powers,  Morrisville.  William  W.  Grout,  Barton. 

VIRGINIA. 


John  W.  Daniel,  Lynchburg. 


SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


William  A.  Jones,10  Warsaw. 
D.  Gardiner  Tyler,  Charles  City  County. 
Tazewell  Ellett,  Richmond. 
William  R.  McKenney,11  Petersburg. 
Robert  T.  Thorp,12  Mecklenburg. 
Claude  A.  Swanson,13  Chatham. 


Thomas  S.  Martin,  Scottsville. 

Peter  J.  Otey,14  Lynchburg. 
Smith  S.  Turner,  Front  Royal. 
Elisha  E.  Meredith,  Brentsville. 
James  A.  Walker,  Wytheville. 
Henry  St.  George  Tucker,15  Staunton. 


1  Election  unsuccessfully  contested  by  John  H.  Davis. 

*  Election  unsuccessfully  contested  by  J.  C.  Kearby. 

*  Election  unsuccessfully  contested  by  A.  J.Rosenthal. 
«  Died  February  6, 1896. 

6  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  death  of  William  H. 
Crain,  and  took  his  seat  May  5, 1896. 

6  Admitted  as  a  State  into  the  Union  January  4, 1896. 

i  Took  his  seat  January  27, 18%;  term  to  expire,  as  deter- 
mined by  lot,  March  3,  1899. 

«  Took  his  seat  January  27, 1896;  term  to  expire,  as  deter- 
mined by  lot,  March  3, 1897. 


»  Took  his  seat  January  7, 1896. 

10  Election  unsuccessfully  contested  by  James  J.  McDonald 

11  Served  until  May  2,  1896;  succeeded  by  Robert  T.  Thorp, 
who  contested  his  election. 

12  Successfully  contested  the  election  of  William  R.  McKen- 
ney, and  took  his  seat  May  2,  1896. 

13  Election  unsuccessfully  contested  by  George  W.Cornell. 

14  Election  unsuccessfully  contested  by"  J.  Hampton  Hoge. 
is  Election  unsuccessfully  contested  by  Jacob  Yost. 


FIFTY-FOURTH   CONGRESS.  361 

WASHINGTON. 

SENATORS. 

Watson  C.  Squire,  Seattle.  John  L.  Wilson,  Spokane. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

William  H.  Doolittle,  Tacoma.  Samuel  C.  Hyde,  Spokane. 

WEST   VIRGINIA. 

SENATORS. 

Charles  J.  Faulkner,  Martinsburg.  Stephen  B.  Elkins,  Elkins. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

Blackburn  B.  Dovener,  Wheeling.  James  H.  Huling,  Charleston. 

Alston  G.  Dayton,  Philippi.  Warren  Miller,  Jackson. 

WISCONSIN. 

SENATORS. 

William  F.  Vilas,  Madison.  John  L.  Mitchell,  Milwaukee. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

Henry  A.  Cooper,  Racine.  Samuel  A.  Cook,  Neenah. 

Edward  Sauerhering,  Mayville.  Michael  Griffin,  Eau  Claire. 

Joseph  W.  Babcock,  Necedah.  Edward  S.  Minor,  Sturgeon  Bay. 

Theobold  Otjen,  Milwaukee.  Alexander  Stewart,  Wausau. 

Samuel  S.  Barney,  West  Bend.  John  J.  Jenkins,  Chippewa  Falls. 

WYOMING. 

SENATORS. 

Francis  E.  Warren,  Cheyenne.  Clarence  D.  Clark,  Evanston. 

REPRESENTATIVE . 

Frank  W.  Mondell,  Newcastle. 
TERRITORY  OF  ARIZONA. 

DELEGATE. 

Nathan  O.  Murphy,  Phoenix. 
TERRITORY  OF  NEW  MEXICO. 

DELEGATE. 

Thomas  B.  Catron,  Santa  Fe. 
TERRITORY  OF  OKLAHOMA. 

DELEGATE. 

Dennis  T.  Flynn,  Guthrie. 
TERRITORY  OF  UTAH.1 

DELEGATE. 

Frank  J.  Cannon,2  Ogden. 

>  Elevated  to  statehood  January  4, 1896.  tory  of  Utah  was  elevated  to  statehood;  elected  Senator  from 

2  Served  as  Delegate  until  January  4, 1896,  when  the  terri-       the  new  state,  and  took  his  seat  in  the  Senate  January  26, 1896. 


FIFTY-FIFTH  CONGRESS. 


MARCH  4,  1897,  TO  MARCH  3,  1899. 


FIRST  SESSION— March  15,  1897,  to  July  24,  1897.  SECOND  SESSION— December  6, 
1897,  to  July  8,  1898.  THIRD  SESSION— December  5,  1898,  to  March  3,  1899. 
SPECIAL  SESSION  OF  THE  SENATE— March  4,  1897,  to  March  10,  1897. 


VICE  PEESIDENT— Garrett  A.  Hobart,  of  New  Jersey.  PRESIDENT  OF  THE  SENATE 
PRO  TEMPORE— William  P.  Frye,  of  Maine.  SECRETARY  OF  THE  SENATE— William  R.  Cox, 
of  North  Carolina. 

SPEAKER  OF  THE  HOUSE— Thomas  B.  Reed,  of  Maine.  CLERK  OF  THE  HOUSE— Alex- 
ander McDowell,  of  Pennsylvania. 


ALABAMA. 


SENATORS. 


John  T.  Morgan,  Selma. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


George  W.  Taylor,  Demopolis. 
Jesse  F.  Stallings,1  Greenville. 
Henry  D.  Clayton,2  Eufaula. 
Thomas  S.  Plowman, 3  Talladega. 
William  F.  Aldrich, 4  Aldrich. 


ARKANSAS. 


Edmund  W.  Pettus,  Selma. 

Willis  Brewer,  Hayneville. 

John  H.  Bankhead,  Fayette. 

Milford  W.  Howard,  Fort  Payne. 

Joseph  Wheeler,  Wheeler. 

Oscar  W.  Underwood,5  Birmingham. 


James  K.  Jones,  Washington. 


SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


Philip  D.  McCulloch,  jr.,  Marianna. 
John  S.  Little,  Greenwood. 
Thomas  C.  McRae,  Prescott. 


James  H.  Berry,  Bentonville. 

William  L.  Terry,  Little  Rock. 
Hugh  A.  Dinsmore,  Fayetteville. 
Stephen  Brundidge,  jr.,  Searcy. 


CALIFORNIA. 


SENATORS. 


Stephen  M.  White,  Los  Angeles. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


John  A.  Barham,  Santa  Rosa. 
Marion  De  Vries,  Stockton. 
Samuel  G.  Hilborn,  Oakland. 
James  G.  Maguire,  San  Francisco. 


George  C.  Perkins,  Oakland. 


Eugene  F.  Loud,  San  Francisco. 
Charles  A.  Barlow,  San  Luis  Obispo. 
Curtis  H.  Castle,  Merced. 


1  Election  unsuccessfully  contested  by  Thomas  H.  Clark. 
3  Election  unsuccessfully  contested  by  George  L.  Comer. 
3  Served  until  February  9,  1898;  succeeded  by  William  F. 
Aldrich,  who  contested  his  election. 

362 


<  Successfully  contested  the  election  of  Thomas  S.  Plowman 
and  took  his  seat  February  9,  1898. 
5  Election  unsuccessfully  contested  by  Grattan  B.  Crowe. 


FIFTY-FIFTH    CONGRESS. 
COLORADO. 

SENATORS. 

Henry  M.  Teller,  Central  City.  Edward  O.  Wolcott,  Denver. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 


363 


John  F.  Shafroth,  Denver. 


Orville  H.  Platt,  Meriden. 


CONNECTICUT. 

SENATORS. 


John  C.  Bell,  Montrose. 


Joseph  R.  Hawley,  Hartford. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 

E.  Stevens  Henry,  Rockville.  Charles  A.  Russell,  Killingly. 

Nehemiah  D.  Sperry,  New  Haven.  Ebenezer  J.  Hill,  Norwalk. 


DELAWARE. 

SENATORS. 


George  Gray,  Wilmington. 


Richard  R.  Kenney,  Dover. 


REPRESENTATIVE. 

Levin  I.  Handy,1  Newark. 
FLORIDA. 

SENATORS. 

Samuel  Pasco,  Monticello.  Stephen  R.  Mallory,  Pensacola. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

Stephen  M.  Sparkman,  Tampa.  Robert  W.  Davis,  Palatka. 

GEORGIA. 

SENATORS. 


Augustus  O.  Bacon,  Macon. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

Rufus  E.  Lester,  Savannah. 
James  M.  Griggs,  Dawson. 
Elijah  B.  Lewis,  Montezuma. 
William  C.  Adamson,  Carrollton. 
Leonidas  F.  Livingston,  Kings. 
Charles  L.  Bartlett,  Macon. 


Alexander  S.  Clay,  Marietta. 

John  W.  Maddox,  Rome. 
William  M.  Howard,  Lexington. 
Farish  C.  Tate,  Jasper. 
William  H.  Fleming,  Augusta. 
William  G.  Brantley,  Brunswick. 


George  L.  Shoup,  Boise. 


Henry  Heitfeld,  Lewiston. 


IDAHO. 

SENATORS. 
REPRESENTATIVE. 

James  Gunn,  Boise. 
ILLINOIS. 

SENATORS. 

Shelby  M.  Cullom,  Springfield.  William  E.  Mason,  Chicago. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

James  R.  Mann,  Chicago.  Joseph  G.  Cannon,  Danville. 


William  Lorimer,  Chicago. 
Hugh  R.  Belknap,  Chicago. 
Daniel  W.  Mills,  Chicago. 
Edward  D.  Cooke,2  Chicago. 
Henry  S.  Boutell,3  Chicago. 
George  E.  White,  Chicago. 
George  E.  Foss,  Chicago. 
Albert  J.  Hopkins,  Aurora. 
Robert  R.  Hitt,  Mount  Morris. 
George  W.  Prince,  Galesburg. 
Walter  Reeves,  Streator. 


Vespasian  Warner,  Clinton. 

Joseph  V.  Graff,  Pekin. 

Benjamin  F.  Marsh,  Warsaw. 

William  H.  Hinrichsen,  Jacksonville. 

James  A.  Connolly,  Springfield. 

Thomas  M.  Jett,  Hillsboro. 

Andrew  J.  Hunter,  Paris. 

James  R.  Campbell,  McLeansboro. 

Jehu  Baker,  Belleville. 

George  W.  Smith,  Murphysboro. 


1  Election  unsuccessfully  contested  by  Jonathan  S.  Willis. 
*  Died  June  23,  1897. 


3  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  death  of  Edward  D. 
Cooke,  and  took  his  seat  December  6,  1897. 


364 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 


INDIANA. 


David  Turpie,  Indianapolis. 


SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


James  A.  Hemenway,  Boonville. 
Robert  W.  Mi  era,  Bloomington. 
William  T.  Zenor,  Corydon. 
William  S.  Holman,1  Aurora. 
Francis  M.  Griffith,2  Vevay. 
George  W.  Faris,  Terre  Haute. 
Henry  U.  Johnson,  Richmond. 


Charles  W.  Fairbanks,  Indianapolis. 


Jesse  Overstreet,  Indianapolis. 
Charles  L.  Henry,  Anderson. 
Charles  B.  Landis,  Delphi. 
Edgar  D.  Crumpacker,  Valparaiso. 
George  W.  Steele,  Marion. 
James  M.  Robinson,  Fort  Wayne. 
Lemuel  W.  Royse,  Warsaw. 


I 

William  B.  Allison,  Dubuque. 


IOWA. 

SENATORS. 
REPRESENTATIVES. 


Samuel  M.  Clark,  Keokuk. 
George  M.  Curtis,  Clinton. 
David  B.  Henderson,  Dubuque. 
Thomas  Updegraff,  McGregor. 
Robert  G.  Cousins,  Tipton. 
John  F.  Lacey,  Oskaloosa. 


John  H.  Gear,  Burlington. 


John  A.  T.  Hull,  Des  Moines. 
William  P.  Hepburn,  Clarinda. 
Alva  L.  Hager,  Greenfield. 
Jonathan  P.  Dolliver,  Fort  Dodge. 
George  D.  Perkins,  Sioux  City. 


Lucien  Baker,  Leaven  worth. 


Case  Broderick,  Holton. 
Mason  S.  Peters,  Kansas  City. 
Edwin  R.  Ridgely,  Pittsburg. 
Charles  Curtis,  Tcpeka. 


KANSAS. 

SENATORS. 
REPRESENTATIVES. 


William  A.  Harris,  Lin  wood. 


William  D.  Vincent,  Clay  Center. 
N.  B.  McCormick,  Phillipsburg. 
Jerry  Simpson,  Medicine  Lodge. 
Jeremiah  D.  Botkin,  Winfield. 


KENTUCKY. 


William  Lindsay,  Frankfort. 


SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


Charles  K.  Wheeler,  Paducah. 
John  D.  Clardy,  Newstead. 
John  S.  Rhea,3  Russell ville. 
David  H.  Smith,  Hodgensville. 
Walter  Evans,  Louisville. 
Albert  S.  Berry,  Newport. 


William  J.  Deboe,  Marion. 


Evan  E.  Settle,  Owenton. 
George  M.  Davison,  Stanford. 
Samuel  J.  Pugh,  Vanceburg. 
Thomas  Y.  Fitzpatrick,  Prestonburg. 
David  G.  Colson,  Middlesboro. 


LOUISIANA. 


Donelson  Caffery,  Franklin. 


SENATORS 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


Adolph  Meyer,4  New  Orleans. 
Robert  C.  Davey,  New  Orleans. 
Robert  F.  Broussard,  New  Iberia. 


Samuel  D.  McEnery,  New  Orleans. 


Henry  W.  Ogden,  Benton. 
Samuel  T.  Baird,  Bastrop. 
Samuel  M.  Robertson,  Baton  Rouge. 


i  Died  April  22,  1897. 

1  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  death  of  William  S. 
Holman,  and  took  his  seat  December  6, 1897. 


3  Election  unsuccessfully  contested  by  W.  Godfrey  Hunter. 

4  Election  unsuccessfully  contested  by  Joseph  Gazin  and 
Araand  Remain. 


FIFTY-FIFTH   CONGRESS. 
MAINE. 

SENATORS. 


365 


Eugene  Hale,  Ellsworth. 


Thomas  B.  Reed,  Portland. 
Nelson  Dingley,1  Lewiston. 
Seth  L.  Milliken,2  Belfast. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


William  P.  Frye,  Lewiston. 


Edwin  C.  Burleigh,3  Augusta. 
Charles  A.  Boutelle,  Bangor. 


Arthur  Pue  Gorman,  Laurel. 


Isaac  A.  Barber,  Easton. 
William  B.  Baker,  Aberdeen. 
William  S.  Booze,  Baltimore. 


MARYLAND. 

SENATORS. 
REPRESENTATIVES. 


George  L.  Wellington,  Cumberland. 


William  W.  Mclntire,  Baltimore. 
Sydney  E.  Mudd,  La  Plata. 
John  McDonald,  Rockville. 


MASSACHUSETTS. 


George  F.  Hoar,  Worcester. 


SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


Ashley  B.  Wright,4  North  Adams. 
George  P.  Lawrence,6  North  Adams. 
Frederick  H.  Gillett,  Springfield. 
Joseph  H.  Walker,  Worcester. 
George  W.  Weymouth,  Fitchburg. 
William  S.  Knox,  Lawrence. 
William  H.  Moody,  Haverhill. 
William  E.  Barrett,  Melrose. 


Henry  Cabot  Lodge,  Nahant. 


Samuel  W.  McCall,  Winchester. 
John  F.  Fitzgerald,  Boston. 
Samuel  J.  Barrows,  Boston. 
Charles  F.  Sprague,  Brookline. 
William  C.  Lovering,  Taunton. 
John  Simpkins,6  Yarmouth. 
William  S.  Greene,7  Fall  River. 


MICHIGAN. 


James  McMillan,  Detroit. 


SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


John  B.  Corliss,  Detroit. 
George  Spalding,  Monroe. 
Albert  M.  Todd,  Kalamazoo. 
Edward  L.  Hamilton,  Niles. 
William  Aid  en  Smith,  Grand  Rapids. 
Samuel  W.  Smith,  Pontiac. 


Julius  C.  Burrows,  Kalamazoo. 


Horace  G.  Snover,  Port  Austin. 
Ferdinand  Brucker,  Saginaw. 
Roswell  P.  Bishop,  Ludington. 
Rousseau  O.  Crump,  West  Bay  City. 
William  S.  Mesick,  Mancelona. 
Carlos  D.  Sheldon,  Hough  ton. 


MINNESOTA. 


Cushman  K.  Davis,  St.  Paul. 


SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


James  A.  Tawney,  Winona. 
James  T.  McCleary,  Mankato. 
Joel  P.  Heatwole,  Northfield. 
Frederick  C.  Stevens,  St.  Paul. 


Knute  Nelson,  Alexandria. 


Loren  Fletcher,  Minneapolis. 
Page  Morris,  Duluth. 
Frank  M.  Eddy,  Glenwood. 


»  Died  January  13,  1899. 
s  Died  April  18,  1897. 

s  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  death  of  Seth  L.  Milliken, 
and  took  his  seat  July  1,  1897. 
«  Died  August  14, 1897. 


5  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  death  of  Ashley  B. 
\Vright,  and  took  his  seat  December  G,  1897. 

e  Died  March  27,  1898. 

7  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  death  of  John  Simpkins, 
and  took  his  seat  June  15,  1898. 


366 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIEECTOEY. 


MISSISSIPPI. 

SENATORS. 


James  Z.  George,1  Carroll  ton. 
Hernando  D.  Money,2  Carroll  ton. 


REPRESENTATIVES 


John  M.  Allen,  Tupelo. 
William  V.  Sullivan,5  Oxford. 
Thomas  Spight,6  Ripley. 
Thomas  C.  Catchings,  Vicksburg. 
Andrew  F.  Fox,  West  Point. 


Edward  C.  Walthall,3  Grenada. 
William  V.  Sullivan,4  Oxford. 


John  S.Williams,  Yazoo. 
William  F.  Love,7  Gloster. 
Frank  A.  McLain,8  Gloster. 
Patrick  Henry,  Brandon. 


MISSOURI. 


SENATORS. 


Francis  M.  Cockrell,  Warrensburg. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


James  T.  Lloyd,9  Shelbyville. 
Robert  N.  Bodine,  Paris. 
Alexander  M.  Dockery,  Gallatin. 
Charles  F.  Cochran,  St.  Joseph. 
William  S.  Cowherd,  Kansas  City. 
David  A.  De  Armond,  Butler. 
James  Cooney,  Marshall. 
Richard  P.  Bland,  Lebanon. 


MONTANA. 


George  G.  Vest,  Sweet  Springs. 


Champ  Clark,  Bowling  Green. 

Richard  Bartholdt,  St.  Louis. 

Charles  F.  Joy,  St.  Louis. 

Charles  E.  Pearce,  St.  Louis. 

Edward  Robb,  Perryville. 

William  D.  Vandiver,  Cape  Girardeau. 

Macenas  E.  Ben  ton,  Neosho. 


Lee  Mantle,  Butte. 


SENATORS. 

Thomas  H.  Carter,  Helena. 

REPRESENTATIVE . 

Charles  S.  Hartman,  Bozeman. 


NEBRASKA. 

SENATORS. 

William  V.  Allen,  Madison.  John  M.  Thurston,  Omaha. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 


Jesse  B.  Strode,  Lincoln. 
David  H.  Mercer,  Omaha. 
Samuel  Maxwell,  Fremont. 


William  L.  Stark,  Aurora. 
Roderick  D.  Sutherland,  Nelson. 
William  L.  Greene,  Kearney. 


John  P.  Jones,  Gold  Hill. 


NEVADA. 

SENATORS. 
REPRESENTATIVE. 


William  M.  Stewart,  Carson  City. 


Francis  G.  Newlands,  Reno. 


NEW  HAMPSHIRE. 

SENATORS. 

William  E.  Chandler,  Concord.  Jacob  H.  Gallinger,  Concord. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

Cyrus  A.  Sulloway,  Manchester.  Frank  G.  Clarke,  Peterboro. 


»  Died  August  14, 1897. 

'Appointed  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  death  of  James  7. 
George,  and  took  his  seat  December  7,1897;  subsequently  elected . 

3  Died  April  21, 1898. 

4  Appointed  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  death  of  Edward 
C.  Walthall,  and  took  his  seat  May  31,  1898;  subsequently 
elected. 

6  Resigned,  in  May,  1898,  having  been  appointed  United 
States  Senator. 


«  Appointed  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  William 
V.  Sullivan,  and  took  his  seat  December  5,  1898;  subsequently 
elected. 

'  Died  October  16, 1898. 

8  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  death  of  William  F.  Love, 
and  took  his  seat  December  12,  1898. 

s  Took  his  seat  December  6,  1897;  Richard  P.  Giles  was 
elected,  but  died  before  the  commencement  of  Congress. 


FIFTY-FIFTH    CONGRESS. 


367 


James  Smith,  jr.,  Newark. 


NEW  JERSEY. 


SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


Henry  0.  Loudenslager,  Paulsboro. 
John  J.  Gardner,  Atlantic  City. 
Benjamin  F.  Howell,  New  Brunswick. 
Mahlon  Pitney,1  Morristown. 


NEW  YORK. 


SENATORS. 


Edward  Murphy,  jr.,  Troy. 


RE  PRE  SE  NTATIVE  8 . 


Joseph  M.  Belford,  Riverhead. 
Denis  M.  Hurley,2  Brooklyn. 
Francis  H.  Wilson,3  Brooklyn. 
Edmund  H.  Driggs,4  Brooklyn. 
Israel  F.  Fischer,  Brooklyn. 
Charles  G.  Bennett,  Brooklyn. 
James  R.  Howe,  Brooklyn. 
John  H.  C.  Vehslage,  New  York. 
John  M.  Mitchell,  New  York. 
Thomas  J.  Bradley,  New  York. 
Amos  J.  Cummings,  New  York. 
William  Sulzer,  New  York. 
George  B.  McClellan,  New  York. 
Richard  C.  Shannon,  New  York. 
Lemuel  E.  Quigg,  New  York. 
Philip  B.  Low,  New  York. 
William  L.  Ward,5  Port  Chester. 
Benjamin  B.  Odell,  jr.,  Newburg. 


William  J.  Sewell,  Camden. 


James  F.  Stewart,  Paterson. 
Richard  W.  Parker,  Newark. 
Thomas  McEwan,  jr.,  Jersey  City 
Charles  N.  Fowler,  Elizabeth. 


Thomas  C.  Platt,  Owego. 

John  H.  Ketcham,  Dover  Plains. 
Aaron  V.  S.  Cochrane,  Hudson. 
George  N.  Southwick,  Albany. 
David  F.  Wilber,  Oneonta. 
Lucius  N.  Littauer,  Gloversville. 
Wallace  T.  Fopte,  jr.,  Port  Henry. 
Charles  A.  Chickering,  Copenhagen. 
James  S.  Sherman,  Utica. 
George  W.  Ray,  Norwich. 
James  J.  Belden,  Syracuse. 
Sereno  E.  Payne,  Auburn. 
Charles  W.  Gillet,  Addison. 
James  W.  Wadsworth,  Geneseo. 
Henry  C.  Brewster,  Rochester. 
Rowland  B.  Mahany,  Buffalo. 
De  Alva  S.  Alexander,  Buffalo. 
Warren  B.  Hooker,6  Fredonia. 


NORTH  CAROLINA. 


SENATORS. 

Jeter  C.  Pritchard,  Marshall. 

REPRE  SE  NTATIVE  S . 

Harry  Skinner,  Greenville. 
George  H.  White,  Tarboro. 
John  E.  Fowler,  Clinton. 
William  F.  Strowd,  Chapel  Hill. 
William  W.  Kitchin,  Roxboro. 

NORTH  DAKOTA. 


Marion  Butler,  Elliot. 

Charles  H.  Martin,  Polkton. 
Alonzo  C.  Shuford,  Newton. 
Romulus  Z.  Linney,  Taylorsville. 
Richmond  Pearson,  Asheville. 


SENATORS. 

Henry  C.  Hansbrough,  Devils  Lake.  William  N.  Roach,  Larimore. 

REPRESENTATIVE. 

Martin  N.  Johnson,  Petersburg. 
OHIO. 


SENATORS. 


John  Sherman,7  Mansfield. 
Marcus  A.  Hanna,8  Cleveland. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


William  B.  Shattuc,  Madisonville. 
Jacob  H.  Bromwell,  Cincinnatti. 
John  L.  Brenner,  Dayton. 
George  A.  Marshall,  Sidney. 


Joseph  B.  Foraker,  Cincinnati. 


David  Meekison,  Napoleon. 
Seth  W.  Brown,  Lebanon. 
Walter  L.  Weaver,  Springfield. 
Archibald  Ly brand,  Delaware. 


1  Resigned  January  10,  1899. 

2  Died  February  26,  1899. 

3  Resigned  September  30, 1897. 

4  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  Francis  H. 
Wilson,  and  took  his  seat  December  6, 1897. 

fi  Election  unsuccessfully  contested  by  Benjamin  L.  Fair- 
Child. 


6  Resigned  November  11, 1898. 

7  Resigned  March  4, 1897,  to  become  Secretary  of  State. 

8  Appointed  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  John  Sher- 
man, and  took  his  seat  March  15, 1897;  subsequently  elected. 


368 


CONGRESSIONAL,  DIRECTORY. 


James  H.  Southard,  Toledo. 
Lucien  J.  Fenton,  Winchester. 
Charles  H.  Grosvenor,  Athens. 
John  J.  Lentz,  Columbus. 
James  A.  Norton,  Tiffin. 
Winfield  S.  Kerr,  Mansfield. 
Henry  C.  Van  Voorhis,  Zanesville. 


Lorenzo  Danford,  St.  Clairsville. 
John  A.  McDowell,  Millersburg. 
Robert  W.  Tayler,  Lisbon. 
Stephen  A.  Northway,1  Jefferson. 
Charles  Dick,2  Akron. 
Clifton  B.  Beach,  Cleveland. 
Theodore  E.  Burton,  Cleveland. 


OREGON. 

SENATORS. 


George  W.  McBride,  St.  Helens. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


Thomas  H.  Tongue,4  Hillsboro. 


Joseph  Simon,3  Portland. 
William  R.  Ellis,  Heppner. 


PENNSYLVANIA. 


SENATORS. 


Matthew  S.  Quay,  Beaver. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


Henry  H.  Bingham,  Philadelphia. 
Robert  Adams,  jr.,  Philadelphia. 
William  McAleer,5.  Philadelphia. 
James  R.  Young,  Philadelphia. 
Alfred  C.  Harmer,  Philadelphia. 
Thomas  S.  Butler,  Westchester. 
Irving  P.  Wanger,  Norristown. 
William  S.  Kirkpatrick,  Easton. 
Daniel  Ermentrout,  Reading. 
Marriott  Brosius,  Lancaster. 
William  Connell,  Scranton. 
Morgan  B.  Williams,  Wilkes-Barre. 
Charles  N.  Brumm,  Minersville. 
Marlin  E.  Olmsted,  Harrisburg. 
James  H.  Codding,  Towanda. 
Horace  B.  Packer,  Wellsboro. 


Boies  Penrose,  Philadelphia. 


Monroe  H.  Kulp,  Shamokin. 
Thaddeus  M.  Mahon,  Chambersburg. 
George  J.  Benner,  Gettysburg. 
Josiah  D.  Hicks,  Altoona. 
Edward  E.  Robbins,  Greensburg. 
John  Dalzell,  Pittsburgh. 
William  A.  Stone,6  Allegheny. 
William  H.  Graham,7  Allegheny. 
Ernest  F.  Acheson,  Washington. 
Joseph  B.  Showalter,8  Chicora. 
John  C.  Sturtevant,  Conneautville. 
Charles  W.  Stone,  Warren. 
William  C.  Arnold,  Dubois. 
Galusha  A.  Grow,  Glen  wood. 
Samuel  A.  Davenport,  Erie. 


RHODE  ISLAND. 

SENATORS. 

Nelson  W.  Aldrich,  Providence.  George  P.  Wetniore,  Newport. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

Melville  Bull,  Middletown.  Adin  B.  Capron,  Stilhvater. 

SOUTH  CAROLINA. 


Benjamin  R.  Tillman,  Trenton. 


SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


William  Elliott,  Beaufort. 
W.  Jasper  Talbert,  Parksville. 
Asbury  C.  Latimer,  Belton. 
Stanyarne  Wilson,  Spartanburg. 


Joseph  H.  Earle,9  Greenville. 

John  L.  McLaurin,10  Marlboro  County. 


Thomas  J.  Strait,  Lancaster. 

John  L.  McLaurin,11  Marlboro  County. 

James  Norton,12  Mullins. 

J.  William  Stokes,  Orangeburg. 


i  Died  September  18, 1898. 

a  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  death  of  Stephen  A. 
Northway,  and  took  his  seat  December  5,  1898. 

a  The  legislature,  whose  duty  it  was  to  elect  a  Senator  to  fill 
the  vacancy  caused  by  the  expiration  of  the  term  of  John  H. 
Mitchell,  March  3, 1897,  met  and  adjourned  without  perform- 
ing this  function;  the  credentials  of  Henry  W.  Corbett,  ap- 
pointed by  the  governor  to  fill  such  vacancy,  were  presented 
March  15, 1897;  on  February  28, 1898,  the  Senate  determined, 
by  a  vote  of  50  to  19,  that  he  was  not  entitled  to  the  seat;  cre- 
dentials of  Mr.  Simon,  elected  to  fill  the  vacancy,  were  pre- 
sented December  5,  1898;  took  his  seat  the  same  day;  State 
was  unrepresented  in  this  class  from  March  4, 1897,  to  Novem- 
ber 18, 1898. 


4  Election  unsuccessfully  contested  by  W.  S.  Vanderburg. 

5  Election  unsuccessfully  contested  by  Samuel  E.  Hudson. 

•  Resigned  November  9,  1898,  to  become  governor  of  Penn- 
sylvania. 

7  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  William  A 
Stone,  and  took  his  seat  December  5, 1898. 

8  Appointed  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  death  of  James  J.  Da- 
vidson (January  2, 1897),  and  took  his  seat  May  3, 1897. 

9  Died  May  20, 1897. 

10  Appointed  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  death  of  Joseph  H. 
Earle,  and  took  his  seat  June  1,1897;  subsequently  elected\ 

11  Resigned  to  become  United  States  Senator  May  31, 1897. 

12  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  John  L. 
McLaurin,  and  took  bis  seat  December  6, 1897. 


FIFTY-FIFTH    CONGRESS. 


369 


SOUTH  DAKOTA. 

SENATORS. 

Richard  F.  Pettigrew,  Sioux  Falls.  James  H.  Kyle,  Aberdeen. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

Freeman  Knowles,  Deadwood.  John  E.  Kelley,  Flandreau. 


Isham  G.  Harris,1  Memphis. 
Thomas  B.  Turley,2  Memphis. 


TENNESSEE. 

SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


Walter  P.  Brownlow,  Jonesboro. 
Henry  R.  Gibson,  Knoxville. 
John  A.  Moon,  Chattanooga. 
Benton  McMillin,3  Carthage. 
James  D.  Richardson,  Murfreeaboro. 


Roger  Q.  Mills,  Corsicana. 


TEXAS. 


SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


Thomas  H.  Ball,  Huntsville. 
Sam  B.  Cooper,  Beaumont. 
Reese  C.  DeGraffenreid,  Longview. 
John  W.  Cranford,5  Sulphur  Springs. 
Joseph  W.  Bailey,  Gainesville. 
Robert  E.  Burke,  Dallas. 
Robert  L.  Henry,  Waco. 


UTAH. 


SENATORS. 


Frank  J.  Cannon,  Ogden. 


William  B.  Bate,  Nashville. 


John  W.  Gaines,  Nashville. 
Nicholas  N.  Cox,  Franklin. 
Thetus  W.  Sims,  Linden. 
Rice  A.  Pierce,  Union  City. 
Edward  W.  Carmack,4  Memphis. 


Horace  Chilton,  Tyler. 

Samuel  W.  T.  Lanham,  Weatherford. 
Joseph  D.  Sayers,6  Bastrop. 
R.  B.  Hawley,  Galveston. 
Rudolph  Kleberg,  Cuero. 
James  L.  Slayden,  San  Antonio. 
John  H.  Stephens,  Vernon. 


Joseph  L.  Rawlins,  Salt  Lake  City. 


REPRESENTATIVE. 

William  H.  King,  Salt  Lake  City. 


Justin  S.  Morrill,7  Strafford. 
Jonathan  Ross,8  St.  Johnsbury. 

H.  Henry  Powers,  Morrisville. 


VERMONT. 

SENATORS. 
REPRESENTATIVES. 


Redfield  Proctor,  Proctor. 


William  W.  Grout,  Barton. 


VIRGINIA. 


John  W.  Daniel,  Lynchburg. 


SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


William  A.  Jones,  Warsaw. 
William  A.  Young,9  Norfolk. 
Richard  A.  Wise,10  Williamsburg. 
John  Lamb,  Richmond. 
Sydney  P.  Epes,11  Blackstone. 
Robert  T.  Thorp,12  Mecklenberg. 


Thomas  S.  Martin,  Scottsville. 

Claude  A.  Swanson,  Chatham. 
Peter  J.  Otey,  Lynchburg. 
James  Hay,  Madison. 
John  F.  Rixey,  Brandy. 
James  A.  Walker,  Wytheville. 
Jacob  Yost,  Staunton. 


i  Died  July  8, 1897. 

1  Appointed  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  death  of  Isham  G. 
Harris,  and  took  his  seat  December  6,  1897;  subsequently 
elected. 

3  Resigned  January  16, 1899,  having  been  elected  governor  of 
Tennessee. 

4  Election  unsuccessfully  contested  by  Josiah  Pattersoa. 

5  Died  March  2, 1899. 

6  Resigned  January  16,  1899,  having  been  elected  governor 
of  Texas. 

^  Died  December  28, 1898. 


8  Appointed  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  death  of  Justin  S. 
Morrill,  and  took  his  seat  January  16, 1899. 

s  Served  until  April  26, 1898;  succeeded  by  Richard  A.  Wise, 
who  contested  his  election. 

10  Successfully  contested  the  election  of  William  A.  Young, 
and  took  his  seat  April  26, 1898. 

"  Served  until  March  23,  1898;  succeeded  by  Robert  T. 
Thorp,  who  contested  his  election. 

!2  Successfully  contested  the  election  of  Sydney  P.  Epes,  and 
took  his  seat  March  23, 1898. 


50346°— S.  Doc.  654,  61-2- 


-24 


370  CONGRESSIONAL  DIEECTOEY. 

WASHINGTON. 

SENATORS. 

John  L.  Wilson,  Spokane.  George  Turner,  Spokane. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

James  H.  Lewis,  Seattle.  William  C.  Jones,  Spokane. 

WEST  VIRGINIA. 

SENATORS. 

Charles  J.  Faulkner,  Martinsburg.  Stephen  B.  Elkins,  Elkins. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

Blackburn  B.  Dovener,  Wheeling.  Charles  P.  Dorr,  Addison. 

Alston  G.  Dayton,  Philippi.  Warren  Miller,  Jackson. 

WISCONSIN. 

SENATORS. 

John  L.  Mitchell,  Milwaukee.  John  C.  Spooner,  Madison. 

REPRESENTATIVES . 

Henry  A.  Cooper,  Racine.  James  H.  Davidson,  Oshkosh. 

Edward  Sauerherring,  Mayville.  Michael  Griffin,  Eau  Claire. 

Joseph  W.  Babcock,  Necedah.  Edward  S.  Minor,  Sturgeon  Bay. 

Theobold  Otjen,  Milwaukee.  •  Alexander  Stewart,  Wausau. 

Samuel  S.  Barney,  West  Bend.  John  J.  Jenkins,  Chippewa  Falls. 

WYOMING. 

SENATORS. 

Francis  E.  Warren,  Cheyenne.  Clarence  D.  Clark,  Evanston. 

REPRESENTATIVE. 

John  E.  Osborne,  Rawlins. 
TERRITORY  OF  ARIZONA. 

DELEGATE. 

• 

Marcus  A.  Smith,  Tucson. 
TERRITORY  OF  NEW  MEXICO 

DELEGATE. 

Harvey  B.  Fergusson,  Albuquerque. 
TERRITORY  OF  OKLAHOMA. 

DELEGATE. 

James  Y.  Callahan,  Guthrie. 


FIFTY-SIXTH  CONGRESS. 


MARCH  4,  1899,  TO  MARCH  3,  1901. 


FIRST  SESSION— December  4,  1899,  to  June  7,  1900.    SECOND  SESSION— December  3, 

1900,  to  March  3,  1901. 


VICE  PRESIDENT— Garret  A.  Hobart,1  of  New  Jersey.  PRESIDENT  OF  THE  SENATE  PRO 
TEMPORE— William  P.  Frye,  of  Maine.  SECRETARY  OF  THE  SENATE— Charles  G.  Bennett,2 
of  New  York. 

SPEAKER  OF  THE  HOUSE— David  B.  Henderson,  of  Iowa.  CLERK  OF  THE  HOUSE— 
Alexander  McDowell,  of  Pennsylvania. 


John  T.  Morgan,  Selma. 

George  W.  Taylor,  Demopolis. 
Jesse  F.  Stallings,  Greenville. 
H.  DeLamar  Clayton,  Eufaula. 
Gaston  A.  Bobbins,3  Selma. 
William  F.  Aldrich,4  Aldrich. 
Willis  Brewer,  Hayneville. 


ALABAMA. 


SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


ARKANSAS. 


SENATORS. 


James  K.  Jones,  Washington. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


Philip  D.  McCulloch,  Marianna. 
John  S.  Little,  Greenwood. 
Thomas  C.  McRae,  Prescott. 


George  C.  Perkins,  Oakland. 

John  A.  Barham,  Santa  Rosa. 
Marion  DeVries,8  Stockton. 
Samuel  D.  Woods,9  Stockton. 
Victor  H.  Metcalf,  Oakland. 


CALIFORNIA. 


SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


COLORADO. 


Edmund  W.  Pettus,  Selma. 

John  H.  Bankhead,  Fayette. 
John  L.  Burnett,  Gadsden. 
Joseph  Wheeler,5  Wheeler. 
William  Richardson,6  Huntsville. 
Oscar  W.  Underwood,  Birmingham. 


James  H.  Berry,  Bentonville. 

William  L.  Terry,  Little  Rock. 
Hugh  A.  Dinsmore,  Fayetteville. 
Stephen  Brundidge,  jr.,  Searcy. 


Thomas  R.  Bard,7  Hueneme. 

Julius  Kahn,  San  Francisco. 
Eugene  F.  Loud,  San  Francisco. 
Russell  J.  Waters,  Los  Angeles. 
James  C.  Needham,  Modesto. 


SENATORS. 
Henry  M.  Teller,  Central  City.  Edward  O.  Wolcott,  Denver. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

John  F.  Shafroth,  Denver.  John  C.  Bell,  Montrose. 


1  Died  November  21, 1899. 

2  Elected  January  29,  1900. 

3  Served  until  March  8,  1900;   succeeded   by  William   F. 
Aldrich,  who  contested  his  election. 

4  Successfully  contested  the  election  of  Gaston  A.  Bobbins, 
and  took  his  seat  March  8,  1900. 

£>  Resigned  April  20, 1900. 


•  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  Joseph 
Wheeler,  and  took  his  seat  December  3,  1900. 

7  Elected  for  the  term  commencing  March  4,  1899,  and  took 
his  seat  March  5,  1900;  vacancy  from  March  4,  1899,  to  Feb- 
ruary 7, 1900. 

8  Resigned  August  20,  1900. 

9  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  Marion 
DeVries,  and  took  his  seat  December  3, 1900. 


371 


372 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 


CONNECTICUT. 

SENATORS. 


Orville  H.  Platt,  Meriden. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

E.  Stevens  Henry,  Rockville. 
Nehemiah  D.  Sperry,  New  Haven. 


Richard  R.  Kenney,  Dover. 


John  II.  Hoffecker,2  Smyrna. 


Stephen  R.  Mallory,  Pensacola. 


Stephen  M.  Sparkman,  Tampa. 


DELAWARE. 

SENATORS. 
REPRESENTATIVES. 

FLORIDA. 

SENATORS. 
REPRESENTATIVES. 

GEORGIA. 

SENATORS. 


Augustus  0.  Bacon,  Macon. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


Rufus  E.  Lester,  Savannah. 
James  M.  Griggs,  Dawson. 
Elijah  B.  Lewis,  Montezuma. 
William  C.  Adamson,  Carrollton. 
Leonidas  F.  Livingston,  Kings. 
Charles  L.  Bartlett,  Macon. 


George  L.  Shoup,  Boise. 


IDAHO. 

SENATORS. 
REPRESENTATIVE. 


Joseph  R.  Hawley,  Hartford. 

Charles  A.  Russell,  Killingly. 
Ebenezer  J.  Hill,  Norwalk. 


Vacant.1 

Walter  0.  Hoffecker,3  Smyrna. 

James  P.  Taliaferro,  Jacksonville. 
Robert  W.  Davis,  Palatka. 

Alexander  S.  Clay,  Marietta. 


John  W.  Maddox,  Rome. 
William  M.  Howard,  Lexington. 
Parish  C.  Tate,  Jasper. 
William  II.  Fleming,  Augusta. 
William  G.  Brantley,  Brunswick. 


Henry  Heitfeld,  Lewiston. 


Edgar  Wilson,  Boise  City. 


ILLINOIS. 


SENATORS. 


Shelby  M.  Cullom,  Springfield. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


James  R.  Mann,  Chicago. 
William  Lorimer,  Chicago. 
George  P.  Foster,  Chicago. 
Thomas  Cusack,  Chicago. 
Edward  T.  Noonan,  Chicago. 
Henry  S.  Boutell,  Chicago. 
George  E.  Foss,  Chicago. 
Albert  J.  Hopkins,  Aurora. 
Robert  R.  Hitt,  Mount  Morris. 
George  W.  Prince,  Galesburg. 
Walter  Reeves,  Streator. 


William  E.  Mason,  Chicago. 


Joseph  G.  Cannon,  Danville. 
Vespasian  Warner,  Clinton. 
Joseph  V.  Graff,  Peoria. 
Benjamin  F.  Marsh,  Warsaw. 
William  E.  Williams,  Pittsfield. 
Benjamin  F.  Caldwell,  Chatham. 
Thomas  M.  Jett,  Hillsboro. 
Joseph  B.  Crowley,  Robinson. 
James  R.  Williams,  Carmi. 
William  A.  Rodenberg,  East  St.  Louis 
George  W.  Smith,  Murphysboro. 


1  Vacancy  from  March  4,  1899,  to  March  2, 1903,  because  of          3  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  death  of  John  H.  Hof- 
failure  of  legislature  to  elect  a  Senator.  fecker,  and  took  his  seat  December  3, 1900. 

*  Died  June  16, 1900. 


FIFTY-SIXTH    CONGRESS. 


373 


INDIANA. 


SENATORS. 


Charles  W.  Fairbanks,  Indianapolis. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


James  A.  Hemenway,  Boonville. 
Robert  W.  Miers,  Bloomington. 
William  T.  Zenor,  Corydon. 
Francis  M.  Griffith,  Vevay. 
George  W.  Faris,  Terre  Haute. 
James  E.  Watson,  Rushville. 
Jesse  Overstreet,  Indianapolis. 


William  B.  Allison,  Dubuque. 


IOWA. 


SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


Thomas  Hedge,  Burlington. 
Joseph  R.  Lane,  Davenport. 
David  B.  Henderson,  Dubuque. 
Gilbert  N.  Haugen,  Northwood. 
Robert  G.  Cousins,  Tipton. 
John  F.  Lacey,  Oskaloosa. 
John  A.  T.  Hull,  Des  Moines. 


Lucien  Baker,  Leavenworth. 


KANSAS. 


SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


Charles  Curtis,  Topeka. 
Justin  D.  Bowersock,  Lawrence. 
Edward  R.  Ridgely,  Pittsburg. 
James  M.  Miller,  Council  Grove. 


KENTUCKY. 


SENATORS. 


William  Lindsay,  Frankfort. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


Charles  K.  Wheeler,  Paducah. 
Henry  D.  Allen,  Morganfield. 
John  S.  Rhea,  Russellville. 
David  H.  Smith,  Hodgensville. 
Oscar  Turner,7  Jefferson  County. 
Albert  S.  Berry,  Newport. 


Albert  J.  Beveridge,  Indianapolis. 


George  W.  Cromer,  Muncie. 
Charles  B.  Landis,  Delphi. 
Edgar  D.  Crumpacker,  Valparaiso. 
George  W.  Steele,  Marion. 
James  M.  Robinson,  Fort  Wayne. 
Abraham  L.  Brick,  South  Bend. 


John  H.  Gear,1  Burlington. 
Jonathan  P.  Dolliver,2  Fort  Dodge. 

William  P.  Hepburn,  Clarinda, 
Smith  McPherson,3  Red  Oak. 
Walter  I.  Smith,4  Council  Bluffs. 
Jonathan  P.  Dolliver,5  Fort  Dodge. 
James  P.  Conner,6  Denison. 
Lot  Thomas,  Storm  Lake. 


William  A.  Harris,  Lin  wood. 


William  A.  Calderhead,  Marysville. 
William  A.  Reeder,  Lo^an. 
Chester  I.  Long,  Medicine  Lodge. 
Willis  J.  Bailey,  Bailey ville. 


William  J.  Deboe,  Marion. 


Evan    E.  Settle,8  Owenton. 
June  W.  Gayle,9  Owenton. 
George  G.  Gilbert,  Shelbyville. 
Samuel  J.  Pugh,  Vanceburg. 
Thomas  Y.  Fitzpatrick,  Prestonburg. 
Vincent  S.  Boreing,10  London. 


LOUISIANA. 


Donelson  Caffery,  Franklin. 


SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


Adolph  Meyer,  New  Orleans. 
Robert  C.  Davey,  New  Orleans. 
Robert  F.  Broussard,  New  Iberia. 
Phanor  Breazeale,  Natchitoches. 


Samuel  D.  McEnery,  New  Orleans. 

Samuel  T.  Baird,11  Bastrop. 

Joseph  E.  Ransdell,12  Lake  Providence. 

Samuel  M.  Robertson,  Baton  Rouge. 


i  Died  July  14, 1900. 

.     a  Appointed  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  death  of  John  H.  Gear, 
and  took  his  seat  December  4, 1900. 

3  Resigned  June  6, 1900. 

4  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  Smith 
McPherson,  and  took  his  seat  December  3, 1900. 

6  Resigned  August  22, 1900,  having  been  appointed  Senator. 
6  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  Jonathan 
P.  Dolliver,  and  took  his  seat  December  4, 1900. 


7  Election  unsuccessfully  contested  by  Walter  Evans. 

8  Died  November  16, 1899. 

»  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  death  of  Evan  E.  Settle, 
and  took  his  seat  January  15, 1900. 

10  Election  unsuccessfully  contested  by  John  D.  White. 

11  Died  April  22,  1899. 

12  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  death  of  Samuel  T.  Baird, 
and  took  his  seat  December  4, 1899. 


374 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 


Eugene  Hale,  Ellsworth. 


MAINE. 

SENATORS. 
REPRESENTATIVES. 


Thomas  B.  Reed,1  Portland. 

Amos  L.  Allen,2  Alfred. 

Charles  E.  Littlefield,3  Rockland. 


William  P.  Frye,  Lewiston. 


Edwin  C.  Burleigh,  Augusta. 
Charles  A.  Boutelle,4  Bangor. 


MARYLAND. 


SENATORS. 


George  L.  Wellington,  Cumberland. 


John  W.  Smith,5  Snow  Hill. 
Josiah  L.  Kerr,6  Cambridge. 
William  B.  Baker,  Aberdeen. 
Frank  C.  Wachter,  Baltimore. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


Louis  E.  McComas,  Williamsport. 


James  W.  Denny,  Baltimore. 
Sydney  E.  Mudd,  La  Plata. 
George  A.  Pearre,  Cumberland. 


MASSACHUSETTS. 


George  F.  Hoar,  Worcester. 


SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


George  P.  Lawrence,  North  Adams. 
Frederick  H.  Gillett,  Springfield. 
John  R.  Thayer,  Worcester. 
George  W.  Weymouth,  Fitchburg. 
William  S.  Knox,  Lawrence. 
William  H.  Moody,  Haverhill. 
Ernest  W.  Roberts,  Chelsea. 


Henry  Cabot  Lodge,  Nahant. 


Samuel  W.  McCall,  Winchester. 
John  F.  Fitzgerald,  Boston. 
Henry  F.  Naphen,  Boston. 
Charles  F.  Sprague,  Brookline. 
William  C.  Lovering,  Taunton. 
William  S.  Greene,  Fall  River. 


MICHIGAN. 


James  McMillan,  Detroit. 


SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


John  B.  Corliss,  Detroit. 
Henry  C.  Smith,  Adrian. 
Washington  Gardner,  Albion. 
Edward  L.  Hamilton,  Niles. 
William  Alden  Smith,  Grand  Rapids 
Samuel  W.  Smith,  Pontiac. 


Julius  C.  Burrows,  Kalamazoo. 


Edgar  Weeks,  Mount  Clemens. 
Joseph  W.  Fordney,  Saginaw. 
Roswell  P.  Bishop,  Ludington. 
Rousseau  O.  Crump,  West  Bay  City. 
William  S.  Mesick,  Mancelona. 
Carlos  D.  Shelden,  Hough  ton. 


MINNESOTA. 


Cushman  K.  Davis,7  St.  Paul. 
Charles  A.  Towne,8  Duluth. 
Moses  E.  Clapp,9  St.  Paul. 


SENATORS 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


James  A.  Tawney,  Winona. 
James  T.  M,cCleary,  Mankato. 
Joel  P.  Heatwole,  Northfield. 
Frederick  C.  Stevens,  St.  Paul. 


Knute  Nelson,  Alexandria. 


Loren  Fletcher,  Minneapolis. 
Page  Morris,  Duluth. 
Frank  M.  Eddy,  Glenwood 


1  Resigned  September  4,  1899. 

*  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  Thomas  B. 
Reed,  and  took  his  seat  December  4,  1899. 

Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  death  of  Nelson  Dingley  , 


jr.,  in  preceding  Congress,  and  took  his  seat  December  4, 1899.       Davis,  and  took  his  seat  December  10, 1900. 
*  Resigned  March  3, 1901.  9  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  death  of  Cush 


Resigned  January  12,  1900. 


•  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  John  W. 
Smith,  and  took  his  seat  December  3, 1900. 
i  Died  November  27, 1900. 
8  Appointed  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  death  of  Cushman  K. 

man  K. 
Davis,  and  took  his  seat  January  28, 1901. 


FIFTY-SIXTH   CONGRESS. 


375 


MISSISSIPPI. 

SENATORS. 


Will  V.  Sullivan,  Oxford. 


REPRESENTATIVES . 


John  M.  Allen,  Tupelo. 
Thomas  Spight,  Ripley. 
Thomas  C.  Catchings,  Vicksburg. 
Andrew  F.  Fox,  West  Point. 


MISSOURI. 


SENATORS. 


Francis  M.  Cockrell,  Warrensburg. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


James  T.  Lloyd,  Shelbyville. 
William  W.  Rucker,  Keytesville. 
John  Dougherty,  Liberty. 
Charles  F.  Cochran,  St.  Joseph. 
William  S.  Cowherd,  Kansas  City. 
David  A.  De  Armond,  Butler. 
James  Cooney,  Marshall. 
Richard  P.  Bland,1  Lebanon. 
Dorsey  W.  Shackleford,2  Jefferson  City. 


Hernando  D.  Money,  Carrollton. 


John  S.  Williams,  Yazoo. 
Frank  A.  McLain,  Gloster. 
Patrick  Henry,  Brandon. 


George  G.  Vest,  Sweet  Springs. 


Champ  Clark,  Bowling  Green. 

Richard  Bartholdt,  St.  Louis. 

Charles  F.  Joy,  St.  Louis. 

Charles  E.  Pearce,  St.  Louis. 

Edward  Robb,  Perryville. 

Willard  D.  Vandiver,  Cape  Girardeau. 

Maecenas  E.  Ben  ton,  Neosho. 


MONTANA. 


SENATORS. 


Thomas  H.  Carter,  Helena. 


William  A.  Clark,3  Butte. 


REPRESENTATIVE. 

Albert  J.  Campbell,  Butte. 
NEBRASKA.       ' 

SENATORS. 


John  M.  Thurston,  Omaha. 


Monroe  L.  Hayward,4  Nebraska  City. 
William  V.  Allen,5  Madison. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 

Elmer  3L  Burkett,  Lincoln.  William  L.  Stark,  Aurora. 

Roderick  D.  Sutherland,  Nelson. 
William  L.  Greene,6  Kearney. 
William  Neville,7  North  Platte. 


David  H.  Mercer,  Omaha. 
John  S.  Robinson,  Madison. 


NEVADA. 

SENATORS. 


John  P.  Jones,  Gold  Hill. 


William  M.  Stewart,  Carson  City. 


REPRESENTATIVE. 

Francis  G.  Newlands.  Reno. 


NEW  HAMPSHIRE. 

SENATORS. 

William  E.  Chandler,  Concord.  Jacob  H.  Gallinger,  Concord. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

Cyrus  A.  Sulloway,  Manchester.  Frank  G.  Clarke,8  Peterboro. 


1  Died  June  15,  1899. 

2  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  death  of  Richard   P. 
Bland,  and  took  his  seat  December  4,  1899. 

s  Protests  and  a  memorial  of  certain  citizens  of  Montana 
against  the  validity  of  his  election  were  presented  and  referred 
on  December  4,  1899;  Committee  on  Privileges  and  Elections, 
April  23.  1900,  reported  a  resolution  declaring  he  was  not 
legally  elected  ana  not  entitled  to  a  seat;  resigned  May  11. 
1900,  while  resolution  was  pending;  credentials  were  presented 
of  his  subsequent  election,  March  2, 1901 ,  and  he  took  his  seat 


March  4, 1901,  in  special  session  of  Senate  of  the  Fifty-Seventh 
Congress. 

«  Died  December  5,  1899. 

fi  Appointed  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  death  of  Monroe  L. 
Hayward,  and  took  his  seat  December  19,  1899. 

6  Died  March  11, 1899. 

7  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  death   of  William  L. 
Greene,  and  took  his  seat  December  4,  1899. 

8  Died  January  9, 1901. 


376 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 


NEW  JERSEY. 

SENATORS. 

William  J.  Sewell,  Camden.  John  Kean,  Ursino. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 


Henry  C.  Loudenslager,  Paulsboro. 
John  J.  Gardner,  Atlantic  City. 
Benjamin  F.  Howell,  New  Brunswick. 
Joshua  S.  Salmon,  Boonton. 
James  F.  Stewart,  Paterson. 


Thomas  C.  Platt,  Owego. 


NEW  YORK. 


SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


Townsend  Scudder,  Glenhead. 
John  J.  Fitzgerald,  Brooklyn. 
Edmund  H.  Driggs,  Brooklyn. 
Bertram  T.  Clayton,  Brooklyn. 
Frank  E.  Wilson,  Brooklyn. 
Mitchell  May,  Brooklyn. 
Nicholas  Muller,  New  Brighton. 
Daniel  J.  Riordan,  New  York. 
Thomas  J.  Bradley,  New  York. 
Amos  J.  Cummings,  New  York. 
William  Sulzer,  New  York. 
George  B.  McClellan,  New  York. 
Jefferson  M.  Levy,  New  York. 
William  A.  Chanler,  New  York. 
Jacob  Ruppert,  jr.,  New  York. 
John  Q.  Underbill,  New  Rochelle. 
Arthur  S.  Tompkins,  Nyack. 
John  H.  Ketcham,  Dover  Plains. 


Richard  W.  Parker,  Newark. 
William  D.  Daly,1  Hoboken. 
Allan  L.  McDermott,2  Jersey  City. 
Charles  N.  Fowler,  Elizabeth. 


Chauncey  M.  Depew,  Peekskill. 

Aaron  V.  S.  Cochrane,  Hudson. 
Martin  H.  Glynn,  Albany. 
John  K.  Stewart,  Amsterdam. 
Lucius  N.  Littauer,  Gloversville. 
Louis  W.  Emerson,  Warrensburg. 
Charles  A.  Chickering,3  Copenhagen. 
Albert  D.  Shaw,4  Watertown. 
James  S.  Sherman,  Utica. 
George  W.  Ray,  Norwich. 
Michael  E.  Driscoll,  Syracuse. 
Sereno  E.  Payne,  Auburn. 
Charles  W.  Gillet,  Addison. 
James  W.  Wadsworth,  Geneseo. 
James  M.  E.  O'Grady,  Rochester. 
William  H.  Ryan,  Buffalo. 
De  Alva  S.  Alexander,  Buffalo. 
Edward  B.  Vreeland,5  Salamanca. 


NORTH   CAROLINA. 

SENATORS. 


Marion  Butler,  Elliot. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


John  H.  Small,  Washington. 
George  H.  White,  Tarboro. 
Charles  R.  Thomas,  Newbern. 
John  W.  Atwater,  Rialto. 
William  W.  Kitchin,  Roxboro. 


Jeter  C.  Pritchard,  Marshall. 

John  D.  Bellamy,  Wilmington. 
Theodore  F.  Kluttz,  Salisbury. 
Romulus  Z.  Linney,  Taylorsville. 
William  T.  Crawford,6  Waynesville. 
Richmond  Pearson,7  Asheville. 


NORTH  DAKOTA. 

SENATORS. 

Henry  C.  Hansbrough,  Devils  Lake.  Porter  J.  McCumber,  Wahpeton. 

REPRESENTATIVE. 

Burleigh  F.  Spalding,  Fargo. 
OHIO. 


SENATORS. 


Joseph  B.  Foraker,  Cincinnati. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


William  B.  Shattuc,  Madisonville. 
Jacob  H.  Bromwell,  Cincinnati. 
John  L.  Brenner,  Dayton. 
Robert  B.  Gordon,  St.  Marys. 


Marcus  A.  Hanna,  Cleveland. 


David  Meekison,  Napoleon. 
Seth  W.  Brown,  Lebanon. 
Walter  L.  Weaver,  Springfield. 
Archibald  Lybrand,  Delaware. 


1  Died  July  31, 1900. 

2  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  death  of  William  D.  Daly, 
and  took  his  seat  December  3,  1900. 

3  Died  February  13, 1900. 

4  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  death  of  Charles  A.  Chick- 
erins,  and  took  his  seat  December  3, 1900;  died  February  8, 1901 . 

'•>  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  Warren  B. 
Hooker  in  preceding  Congress  and"  took  his  seat  December  4, 
1S99. 


6  Served  until  May  10,  1900;  succeeded  by  Richmond  Pear- 
son, who  contested  his  election. 

7  Successfully  contested  the  election  of  William  T.Crawford, 
and  took  his  seat  May  10, 1900. 


FIFTY-SIXTH    CONGRESS. 


377 


James  H.  Southard,  Toledo. 
Stephen  Morgan,  Oakhill. 
Charles  H.  Grosvenor.  Athens. 
John  J.  Lentz,  Columbus. 
James  A.  Norton,  Tiffin. 
Winfield  S.  Kerr,  Mansfield. 
Henry  C.  Van  Voorhis,  Zanesville. 


Lorenzo  Danford,1  St.  Clairsville. 
Joseph  J.  Gill,2  Steubenville. 
John  A.  McDowell,  Millersburg. 
Robert  W.  Taylor,  Lisbon. 
Charles  Dick,  Akron. 
Fremont  O.  Phillips,  Medina. 
Theodore  E.  Burton,  Cleveland. 


OREGON. 

SENATORS. 

George  W.  McBride,  St.  Helens.  Joseph  Simon,  Portland. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

Thomas  H.  Tongue,  Hillsboro.  Malcolm  A.  Moody,  The  Dalles. 

PENNSYLVANIA. 


SENATORS. 


Boies  Penrose,  Philadelphia. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


Henry  H.  Bingham,  Philadelphia. 
Robert  Adams,  jr.,  Philadelphia. 
William  McAleer,  Philadelphia. 
James  R.  Young,  Philadelphia. 
Alfred  C.  Harmer,4  Philadelphia. 
Edward  Morrell,5  Torresdale. 
Thomas  S.  Butler,  West  Chester. 
Irving  P.  Wanger,  Norristown. 
Laird  H.  Barber,  Mauch  Chunk. 
Daniel  Ermentrout,6  Reading. 
Henry  D.  Green,7  Reading. 
Marriott  Brosius,  Lancaster. 
William  Connell,  Scranton. 
Stanley  W.  Davenport,  Plymouth. 
James  W.  Ryan^Pottsville. 


Matthew  S.  Quay,3  Beaver. 


Marlin  E.  Olmsted,  Harrisburg. 
Charles  F.  Wright,  Susquehanna. 
Horace  B.  Packer,  Wellsboro. 
Rufus  K.  Polk,  Danville. 
Taddeus  M.  Mahon,  Chambersburg. 
Edward  D.  Ziegler,  York. 
Joseph  E.  Thropp,  Everett. 
Summers  M.  Jack,  Indiana. 
John  Dalzell,  Pittsburgh. 
William  H.  Graham,  Allegheny. 
Ernest  F.  Acheson,  Washington. 
Joseph  B.  Showalter,  Butler. 
Athelston  Gaston,  Meadville. 
Joseph  C.  Sibley,  Franklin. 
James  K.  P.  Hall,  Ridgway. 
Galusha  A.  Grow,  Glenwopd. 
Samuel  A.  Davenport,  Erie. 


RHODE   ISLAND. 

SENATORS. 

Nelson  W.  Aldrich,  Providence.  George  P.  Wetmore,  Newport. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

Melville  Bull,  Middletown.  Adin  B.  Capron,  Stillwater. 

SOUTH   CAROLINA. 


SENATORS. 


Benjamin  R.  Tillman,  Trenton. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


William  Elliott,  Beaufort. 
W.  Jasper  Talbert,  Parksville. 
Asbury  C.  La  timer,  Belton. 
Stanyarne  Wilson,  Spartanburg. 


John  L.  McLaurin,  Marlboro. 


David  E.  Finley,  Yorkville. 

James  Norton,  Mullins. 

J.  William  Stokes,  Orangeburg. 


SOUTH  DAKOTA. 

SENATORS. 

Richard  F.  Pettigrew,  Sioux  Falls.  James  H.  Kyle,  Aberdeen, 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

Robert  J.  Gamble,  Yorkton.  Charles  H.  Burke,  Pierre. 


1  Died  June  19,  1899. 

2  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  death  of  Lorenzo  Danford, 
and  took  his  seat  December  4,  1899. 

s  Appointed  to  fill  vacancy  in  the  term  commencing  March 
4,  1899,  the  legislature  having  met  and  adjourned  without 
electing;  credentials  presented  December  5,  1899,  but  not  per- 
mitted to  qualify;  on  April  24,  1900,  by  a  vote  of  33  to  32,  a 
reported  resolution  declaring  him  not  entitled  to  a  seat  was 


agreed  to;  subsequently  elected  and  took  his  seat  January  17, 
1901. 

«  Died  March  fi,  1900. 

5  Elected  to  fill  the  vacancy  caused  by  the  death  of  Alfred  C. 
Ilarmer,  and  took  his  seat  December  3, 1900. 

*  Died  September  17, 1899. 

7  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  death  of  Daniel  Ermen- 
trout, and  took  his  seat  December  4,  1S99. 


378 


CONGBESSIONAL  DIEECTOEY. 


Thomas  B.  Turley,  Memphis. 


TENNESSEE. 

SENATORS. 
REPRESENTATIVES. 


Walter  P.  Brownlow,  Jonesboro. 
Henry  R.  Gibson,  Knoxville. 
John  A.  Moon,  Chattanooga. 
Charles  E.  Snodgrass,  Crossville. 
James  D.  Richardson,  Murfreesboro. 


Horace  Chilton,  Tyler. 


TEXAS. 


SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


Thomas  H.  Ball,  Huntsville. 
Sam  B.  Cooper,  Beaumont. 
Reese  C.  De  Graff enreid,  Longview. 
John  L.  Sheppard,  Texarkana. 
Joseph  W.  Bailey,  Gainesville. 
Robert  E.  Burke,  Dallas. 
Robert  L.  Henry,  Waco. 


UTAH. 

SENATORS. 

Joseph  L.  Rawlins,  Salt  Lake  City. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

Brigham  H.  Roberts,2  Salt  Lake  City. 


William  B.  Bate,  Nashville. 


John  W.  Gaines,  Nashville. 
Nicholas  N.  Cox,  Franklin. 
Thetus  W.  Sims,  Linden. 
Rice  A.  Pierce,  Union  City. 
Edward  W.  Carmack,  Memphis. 


Charles  A.  Culberson,  Dallas. 


Samuel  W.  T.  Lanham,  Weatherford. 
Albert  S.  Burleson,  Austin. 
Robert  B.  Hawley,  Galveston. 
Rudolph  Kleberg,  Cicero. 
James  L.  Slay  den,  San  Antonio. 
John  H.  Stephens,  Vernon. 


Thomas  Kearns,1  Salt  Lake  City. 


William  H.  King,3  Salt  Lake  City. 


VERMONT. 

SENATORS. 


Redfield  Proctor,  Proctor. 


Jonathan  Ross,  St.  Johnsbury. 
William  P.  Dillingham,4  Waterbury. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 

H.  Henry  Powers,  Morrisville.  William  W.  Grout,  Barton. 

VIRGINIA. 


John  W.  Daniel,  Lynchburg. 


SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


William  A.  Jones,  Warsaw. 
William  A.  Young,5  Norfolk. 
Richard  A.  Wise,®  Williamsburg. 
John  Lamb,  Richmond. 
Sydney  P.  Epes,7  Blackstone. 
Francis  R.  Lassiter,8  Petersburg. 


Thomas  S.  Martin,  Scottsville. 


Claude  A.  Swanson,  Chatham. 
Peter  J.  Otey,  Lynchburg. 
James  Hay,  Madison. 
John  F.  Rixey,  Brandy. 
William  F.  Rhea,  Bristol. 
Julian  M.  Quarles,  Staunton. 


>  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  In  term  commencing  March  4  1899, 
and  took  his  seat  February  4, 1901;  vacancy  from  March  4, 
1899,  to  February  4,  1901. 

2  Presented  credentials  December  4, 1899.  but  not  permitted 
to  qualify,  owing  to  protests  against  eligibility;  on  January 
25,  1900,  resolution  was  adopted  by  vote  of  268  to  50  (36  not 
voting),  declaring  he  "  ought  not  to  have  or  hold  a  seat,  and 
the  seat  to  which  he  was  elected  is  hereby  declared  vacant." 

3  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  the  House  declaring  the 
seat  of  Brigham  H.  Roberts  vacant,  and  took  his  seat  April  25, 
1900. 


*  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  death  of  Justin  S.  Mor- 
rill  in  preceding  Congress,  and  took  his  seat  December  3, 1900. 
Jonathan  Ross  was  appointed  to  fill  the  vacancy  in  the  pre- 
ceding Congress. 

5  Served  until  March  12,  1900;  succeeded  by  Richard  A. 
Wise,  who  contested  his  election. 

6  Successfully  contested  the  election  of  William  A.  Young, 
and  took  his  seat  March  12,  1900;  died  December  21,  1900. 

'  Died  March  3,  1900. 

8  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  death  of  Sydney  P.  Epes, 
and  took  his  seat  April  28,  1900. 


FIFTY-SIXTH   CONGRESS. 
WASHINGTON. 

SENATORS. 

George  Turner,  Spokane.  Addison  G.  Foster,  Tacoma. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

Wesley  L.  Jones,  North  Yakima.  Francis  W.  Cushman,  Tacoma. 

WEST   VIRGINIA. 
SENATORS. 

Stephen  B.  Elkins,  Elkins.  Nathan  B.  Scott,1  Wheeling. 

REPRE  S  E  NTATIVE  S . 

David  E.  Johnston,  Bluefield. 
Romeo  H.  Freer,  Harrisville. 


379 


Blackburn  B.  Dovener,  Wheeling. 
Alston  G.  Dayton,  Philippi. 


WISCONSIN. 

SENATORS. 

John  C.  Spooner,  Madison.  Joseph  V.  Quarles,  Milwaukee. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 


Henry  A.  Cooper,  Racine. 
Herman  B.  Dahle,  Mount  Horeb. 
Joseph  W.  Babcock,  Necedah. 
Theobold  Otjen,  Milwaukee. 
Samuel  S.  Barney,  Westbend. 


James  H.  Davidson,  Oshkosh. 
John  J.  Esch,  La  Crosse. 
Edward  S.  Minor,  Sturgeon  Bay. 
Alexander  Stewart,  Wausau. 
John  J.  Jenkins,  Chippewa  Falls. 


WYOMING. 

SENATORS. 

Francis  E.  Warren,  Cheyenne.  Clarence  D.  Clark,  Evanston. 

REPRESENTATIVE. 

Frank  W.  Mondell,  Newcastle. 
TERRITORY  OF  ARIZONA. 

DELEGATE. 

John  F.  Wilson,  Prescott. 
TERRITORY  OF  NEW  MEXICO 

DELEGATE. 

Pedro  Perea,  Bernalillo. 
TERRITORY  OF  OKLAHOMA. 

DELEGATE. 

Dennis  T.  Flynn,  Guthrie. 
TERRITORY  OF  HAWAII.2 

DELEGATE. 

Robert  W.  Wilcox,3  Honolulu. 


1  In  the  preceding  Congress  memorials  were  filed  remon- 
strating against  the  seating  of  Mr.  Scott;  December  5,  1899, 
appeared,  qualified  and  took  his  seat,  without  objection;  sub- 
sequently other  memorials  were  filed  and  a  resolution  was  in- 
troduced declaring  him  not  entitled  to  a  seat;  the  Committee 
on  Privileges  and  Elections  was  directed  to  investigate  the 
election,  and  reported,  March  20,  1900,  with  a  resolution  de- 
claring Mr.  Scott  duly  elected  and  entitled  to  retain  the  seat; 
this  resolution  was  agreed  to  April  27, 1900,  by  a  vote  of  52  to  3. 


2  Formed  from  the  territory  of  the  Republic  of  Hawaii,  an- 
nexed to  the  United  States  by  Act  of  July  7, 1898;  granted  a 
territorial  government,  with  right  of  Delegate  representation 
in  Congress,  by  Act  of  April  30,  1900. 

3  Took  his  seat,  after  the  Investigation  of  charges  preferred 
against  him  as  to  eligibility,  December  15,  1900. 


FIFTY-SEVENTH  CONGRESS. 


MARCH  4,  1901,  to  MARCH  3,  1903. 


FIRST  SESSION— December  2,  1901,  to  July  1,  1902.  SECOND  SESSION— December  1, 
1902,  to  March  3,  1903.  SPECIAL  SESSION  OF  THE  SENATE— March  4,  1901,  to 
March  9,  1901. 


VICE  PRESIDENT— Theodore  Roosevelt,1  of  New  York.  PRESIDENT  OF  THE  SENATE 
PRO  TEMPORE— William  P.  Frye,2  of  Maine.  SECRETARY  OF  THE  SENATE— Charles  G.  Ben- 
nett, of  New  York. 

SPEAKER  OF  THE  HOUSE— David  B.  Henderson,  of  Iowa.  CLERK  OF  THE  HOUSE— 
Alexander  McDowell,  of  Pennsylvania. 


ALABAMA. 

SENATORS. 

John  T.  Morgan,  Selma.  Edmund  W.  Pettus,  Selma. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

George  W.  Taylor,  Demopolis.  John  H.  Bankhead,  Fayette. 

Ariosto  A.  Wiley,  Montgomery.  John  L.  Burnett,3  Gadsden. 

Henry  D.  Clayton,  Eufaula.  William  Richardson,  Huntsyille. 

Sydney  J.  Bowie,  Anniston.  Oscar  Wr.  Underwood,  Birmingham. 
Charles  W.  Thompson,  Tuskegee. 

ARKANSAS. 

SENATORS. 

James  K.  Jones,  Washington.  James  H.  Berry,  Bentonville. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

Philip  D.  McCulloch,  Marianna.  Charles  C.  Reid,  Clarksville. 

John  S.  Little,  Greenwood.  Hugh  A.  Dinsmore,  Fayetteville. 

Thomas  C.  McRae,  Prescott.  Stephen  Brundidge,  jr.,  Searcy. 

CALIFORNIA. 

SENATORS. 

George  C.  Perkins,  Oakland.  Thomas  R.  Bard,  Hueneme. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

Frank  L.  Coombs,  Napa.  Eugene  F.  Loud,  San  Francisco. 

Samuel  D.  Woods,  Stockton.  James  McLachlan,  Pasadena. 

Victor  H.  Metcalf,  Oakland.  James  C.  Needham,  Modesto. 
Julius  Kahn,  San  Francisco. 

COLORADO. 

SENATORS. 

Henry  M.  Teller,  Central  City.  Thomas  M.  Patterson,  Denver. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

John  F.  Shafroth,  Denver.  John  C.  Bell,  Montrose. 

i  Became  President  by  the  death  of  William  McKinley  Sep-         2  Elected  March  7, 1901. 
teraber  14, 1901.  3  Election  unsuccessfully  contested  by  N.  B.  Spears. 

380 


FIFTY-SEVENTH   CONGRESS. 
CONNECTICUT. 

SENATORS. 

Orville  H.  Platt,  Meriden.  Joseph  R.  Hawley,  Hartford. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 


381 


Edward  S.  Henry,  Rockville. 
Nehemiah  D.  Sperry,  New  Haven. 
Charles  A.  Russell,1  Killingly. 


Frank  B.  Brandegee,2  New  London. 
Ebenezer  J.  Hill,  Norwalk. 


DELAWARE. 

SENATORS. 

J.  Frank  Allee,3  Dover.  Lewis  H.  Ball,4  Faulkland. 

REPRESENTATIVE . 

Lewis  H.  Ball,5  Faulkland. 
FLORIDA. 

SENATORS. 

Stephen  R.  Mallory,  Pensacola.  James  P.  Taliaferro,  Jacksonville. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

Stephen  M.  Sparkman,  Tampa.  Robert  W.  Davia,  Palatka. 

GEORGIA. 


Augustus  O.  Bacon,  Macon. 


SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


Rufus  E.  Lester,  Savannah. 
James  M.  Griggs,  Dawson. 
Elijah  B.  Lewis,  Montezuma. 
William  C.  Adamson,  Carrollton. 
Leonidas  F.  Livingston,  Kings. 
Charles  L.  Bartlett,  Macon. 


Alexander  S.  Clay,  Marietta. 


John  W.  Maddox,  Rome. 
William  M.  Howard,  Lexington. 
Parish  C.  Tate,  Jasper. 
William  H.  Fleming,  Augusta. 
William  G.  Brantley,  Brunswick. 


IDAHO. 


SENATORS. 

Henry  Heitfeld,  Lewiston.  Fred  T.  Dubois,  Blackfoot. 

REPRESENTATIVE. 

Thomas  L.  Glenn,  Montpelier. 
ILLINOIS. 


SENATORS. 


Shelby  M.  Cullom,  Springfield. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


James  R.  Mann,  Chicago. 
John  J.  Feely,  Chicago. 
George  P.  Foster,  Chicago. 
James  McAndrews,  Chicago. 
William  F.  Mahoney,  Chicago. 
Henry  S.  Boutell,  Chicago. 
George  E.  Foss,  Chicago. 
Albert  J.  Hopkins,  Aurora. 
Robert  R.  Hitt,  Mount  Morris. 
George  W.  Prince,  Galesburg. 
Walter  Reeves,  Streator. 


William  E.  Mason,  Chicago. 


Joseph  G.  Cannon,  Danville. 
Vespasian  Warner,  Clinton. 
Joseph  V.  Graff,  Peoria. 
J.  Ross  Mickey,  Macomb. 
Thomas  J.  Selby,  Hardin. 
Benjamin  F.  Caldwell,  Chatham. 
Thomas  M.  Jett,  Hillsboro. 
Joseph  B.  Crowley,  Robinson. 
James  R.  Williams,  Carmi. 
Frederick  J.  Kern,  Belleville. 
George  W.  Smith,  Murphysboro. 


»  Died  October  3, 1902. 

»  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  death  of  Charles  A .  Russell , 
and  took  his  seat  March  7, 1901. 

3  Elected  for  term  commencing  March  4, 1901,  and  took  his 
seat  March  3, 1903;  vacancy  from  March,  4.  1901.  to  March  2, 
1903. 


<  Elected  for  the  term  commencing  March  4, 1899,  and  took 
his  seat  March  3,  1903;  vacancy  from  March  4,  1899,  to  March 
2,  1903. 

6  Resigned  March  3,  1903,  having  been  elected  United  States 
Senator. 


382 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 


INDIANA. 


SENATORS. 


Charles  W.  Fairbanks,  Indianapolis. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


James  A.  Hemenway,  Boonville. 
Robert  W.  Miers,  Bloomington. 
William  T.  Zenor,  Corydon. 
Francis  M.  Griffith,  Veyay. 
Elias  S.  Holliday,  Brazil. 
James  E.  Watson,  Rushville. 
Jesse  Overstreet,  Indianapolis. 


IOWA. 


SENATORS. 


William  B.  Allison,  Dubuque. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


Thomas  Hedge,  Burlington. 
John  N.  W.  Rumple,2  Marengo. 
David  B.  Henderson,  Dubuque. 
Gilbert  N.  Haugen,  North  wood. 
Robert  G.  Cousins,  Tipton. 
John  F.  Lacey,  Oskaloosa. 


William  A.  Harris,  Linwood. 


KANSAS. 


SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


Charles  Curtis,  Topeka. 
Justin  De  Witt  Bowersock,  Lawrence. 
Alfred  M.  Jackson,  Winfield. 
James  M.  Miller,  Council  Grove. 


William  J.  Deboe,  Marion. 


KENTUCKY. 


SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


Charles  K.  Wheeler,  Paducah. 
Henry  D.  Allen,  Morganfield. 
J.  McKenzie  Moss,3  Bowling  Green. 
John  S.  Rhea.4  Russellville. 
David  H.  Smith,  Hodgensville. 
Harvey  S.  Irwin,  Louisville. 


LOUISIANA. 


SENATORS. 


Samuel  D.  McEnery,  New  Orleans. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


Adolph  Meyer,  New  Orleans. 
Robert  C.  Davey,  New  Orleans. 
Robert  F.  Broussard,  New  Iberia. 


Albert  J.  Beveridge,  Indianapolis. 


George  W.  Cromer,  Muncie. 
Charles  B.  Landis,  Delphi. 
Edgar  D.  Crumpacker,  Valparaiso. 
George  W.  Steele,  Marion. 
James  M.  Robinson,  Fort  Wayne. 
Abraham  L.  Brick,  South  Bend. 


Jonathan  P.  Dolliver,1  Fort  Dodge. 


John  A.  T.  Hull,  Des  Moines. 
William  P.  Hepburn,  Clarinda. 
Walter  I.  Smith,  Council  Bluffs. 
James  P.  Conner,  Denison. 
Lot  Thomas,  Storm  Lake. 


Joseph  R.  Burton,  Abilene. 

William  A.  Calderhead,  Marysville. 
William  A.  Reeder,  Logan. 
Chester  I.  Long,  Medicine  Lodge. 
Charles  F.  Scott,  lola. 


Joseph  C.  S.  Blackburn,  Versailles. 

Daniel  L.  Gooch,  Covington. 
South  Trimble,  Frankfort. 
George  G.  Gilbert,  Shelbyville. 
James  N.  Kehoe,  Maysville. 
James  B.  White,  Irvine. 
Vincent  Boreing,  London. 


Murphy  J.  Foster,  Franklin. 


Phanor  Breazeale,  Natchitoch.es. 
Joseph  E.  Ransdell,  Lake  Providence. 
Samuel  M.  Robertson,  Baton  Rouge. 


MAINE. 


SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


Amos  L.  Allen,  Alfred. 

Charles  E.  Littlefield,  Rockland. 


William  P.  Frye,  Lewiston. 

Edwin  C.  Burleigh,  Augusta. 
Llewellyn  Powers,5  Houlton. 


'  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  death  of  John  H.  Gear 
in  preceding  Congress,  and  took  his  seat  March  4,  1902. 

2  Died  January  31, 1903. 

3  Served  until  March  25,  1902;  succeeded  by  John  S.  Rnea, 
who  contested  his  election. 


4  Successfully  contested  the  election  of  McKenzie  Moss,  and 
took  his  seat  March  25,  1902. 

j  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  Charles  A. 
Boutelle  in  preceding  Congress,  and  took  his  seat  December  2, 
1901. 


FIFTY-SEVENTH   CONGEESS. 


383 


MARYLAND. 

SENATORS. 

George  L.  Wellington,  Cumberland. 


Louis  E.  McComas,  Williamsport. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


William  H.  Jackson,  Salisbury. 
Albert  A.  Blakeney,  Franklin ville. 
Frank  C.  Wachter,  Baltimore. 


Charles  R.  Schirm,  Baltimore. 
Sydney  E.  Mudd,  La  Plata. 
George  A.  Pearre,  Cumberland. 


MASSACHUSETTS. 


George  F.  Hoar,  Worcester. 


SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


George  P.  Lawrence,  North  Adams. 
Frederick  H.  Gillett,  Springfield. 
John  R.  Thayer,  Worcester. 
Charles  Q.  Tirrell,  Natick.         * 
William  S.  Knox,  Lawrence. 
William  H.  Moody,1  Haverhill. 
Augustus  P.  Gardner,2  Hamilton. 


Henry  Cabot  Lodge,  Nahant. 


Ernest  W.  Roberts,  Chelsea. 
Samuel  W.  McCall,  Winchester. 
Joseph  A.  Conry,  Boston. 
Henry  F.  Naphen,  Boston. 
Samuel  L.  Powers,  Newton. 
William  C.  Levering,  Taunton. 
William  S.  Greene,  Fall  River. 


MICHIGAN. 


SENATORS. 

James  McMillan,3  Detroit. 
Russell  A.  Alger,4  Detroit. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

John  B.  Corliss,  Detroit. 
Henry  C.  Smith,  Adrian. 
Washington  Gardner,  Albion. 
Edward  L.  Hamilton,  Niles. 
William  Alden  Smith,  Grand  Rapids. 
Samuel  W.  Smith,  Pontiac. 
Edgar  Weeks,  Mount  Clemens. 


Julius  C.  Burrows,  Kalamazoo. 


Joseph  W.  Fordney,  Saginaw. 
Roswell  P.  Bishop,  Ludington. 
Rosseau  O.  Crump,5  West  Bay  City. 
Henry  H.  Aplin.6  West  Bay  City. 
Archibald  B.  Darragh,  St.  Louis. 
Carlos  D.  Shelden,  Hough  ton. 


MINNESOTA. 


Knute  Nelson,  Alexandria. 


SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


James  A.  Tawney,  Winona. 
James  T.  McCleary,  Mankato. 
Joel  P.  Heatwole,  Northfield. 
Frederick  C.  Stevens.  St.  Paul. 


Moses  E.  Clapp,  St.  Paul. 


Loren  Fletcher,  Minneapolis. 
Page  Morris,  Duluth. 
Frank  M.  Eddy,  Gleawood. 


MISSISSIPPI. 


SENATORS. 


Hernando  D.  Money,  Carrollton. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


Ezekiel  S.  Candler,  jr.,  Corinth. 
Thomas  Spight,  Ripley. 
Patrick  Henry,  Vicksburg. 
Andrew  F.  Fox,  West  Point. 


Anselm  J.  McLaurin,  Brandon. 


John  Sharp  Williams,  Yazoo. 
Frank  A.  McLain,  Gloster. 
Charles  E.  Hooker,  Jackson. 


1  Resigned  May  1, 1902.  to  become  Secretary  ol  the  Navy.         Millan,  and  took  his  seat  January  26,   1903;    subsequently 

2  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  01  William  H.      elected. 


Moody  and  took  his  seat  — 
3  Died  August  10, 1902. 
*  Appointed  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  death  o!  James  Mc- 


'  Died  May  1,  1901. 
6  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  death  of  Rosseau  O. 
Crump,  and  took  his  seat  December  2, 1901. 


384 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTOEY. 


MISSOURI. 


SENATORS. 


Francis  M.  Cockrell,  Warrensburg. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


James  T.  Lloyd,  Shelbyville. 
William  W.  Rucker,  Keytesville. 
John  Dougherty,  Liberty. 
Charles  F.  Cochran,  St.  Joseph. 
William  S.  Cowherd,  Kansas  City. 
David  A.  De  Arniond,  Butler. 
James  Cooney,  Marshall. 
Dorsey  W.  Shackleford,  Jefferson  City. 


MONTANA. 


George  G.  Vest,  Sweet  Springs. 


Champ  Clark,  Bowling  Green. 
Richard  Bartholdt,  St.  Louis. 
Charles  F.  Joy,  St.  Louis. 
James  J.  Butler,1  St.  Louis. 
George  C.  R.  Wagoner,2  St.  Louis. 
Edward  Robb,  Perryville. 
William  D.  Vandiver,  Cape  Girardeau. 
Maecenas  E.  Benton,  Neosho. 


William  A.  Clark,  Butte. 


SENATORS. 

Paris  Gibson,  Great  Falls. 

REPRE  S  E  NTATI VE . 

Caldwell  Edwards,  Bozeman. 
NEBRASKA. 


SENATORS. 


Charles  H.  Dietrich,3  Hastings. 


Elmer  J.  Burkett,  Lincoln. 
David  H.  Mercer,  Omaha. 
John  S.  Robinson,  Madison. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


NEVADA. 


Joseph  H.  Millard,  Omaha. 


William  L.  Stark,  Aurora. 
Ashton  C.  Shallenberger,  Alma. 
William  Neville,  North  Platte. 


SENATORS.. 

John  P.  Jones,  Gold  Hill.  William  M.  Stewart,  Carson  City. 

REPRESENTATIVE. 

Francis  G.  Newlands,  Reno. 
NEW  HAMPSHIRE. 

SENATORS. 

Jacob  H.  Gallinger,  Concord.  Henry  E.  Burnham,  Manchester. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

Frank  D.  Currier,  Canaan. 


Cyrus  A.  Sulloway,  Manchester. 


NEW  JERSEY. 


William  J.  Sewell,4  Camden. 
John  F.  Dry  den,5  Newark. 


SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES  . 


Henry  C.  Loudenslager,  Paulsboro. 
John  J.  Gardner,  Atlantic  City. 
Benjamin  F.  Howell,  New  Brunswick. 
Joshua  S.  Salmon,6  Boon  ton. 
De  Witt  C.  Flanagan,7  Morristown. 


John  Kean,  Elizabeth. 


James  F.  Stewart,  Paterson. 
Richard  W.  Parker,  Newark. 
Allan  L.  McDermott,  Jersey  City. 
Charles  N.  Fowler,  Elizabeth. 


» Election  contested  by  William  M.  Horton;  on  June  28, 
1902,  resolution  adopted  declaring  no  valid  election  and  seat 
vacant;  credentials  presented  of  a  subsequent  election,  and 
took  his  seat  December  1,  1902:  served  until  February  26. 
1903;  succeeded  by  George  C.  R.  Wagoner,  who  contested 
this  election. 

2  Successfully  contested  the  election  of  James  J.  Butler, 
and  took  his  seat  February  26,  1903. 

3  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  death  of   Monroe  L. 


Hayward  in  preceding  Congress,  and  took  his  seat  December 
2,  1901. 

«  Died  December  27,  1902. 

5  Elected  to  fill  vacancycaused  by  death  of  William  J.  Sewell, 
and  took  his  seat  February  4, 1902. 

e  Died  May  6, 1902. 

7  Elected  to  fill  vacancycaused  by  death  of  Joshua  S.  Salmon, 
and  took  his  seat  January  5, 1903. 


FIFTY-SEVENTH   CONGRESS. 


385 


NEW  YORK. 


SENATORS. 


Thomas  C.  Platt,  Owego. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


Frederick  Storm,  Bayside. 
John  J.  Fitzgerald,  Brooklyn. 
Henry  Bristow,  Brooklyn. 
Harry  A.  Hanbury,  Brooklyn. 
Frank  E.  Wilson,  Brooklyn. 
George  H.  Lindsay,  Brooklyn. 
Nicholas  Mueller,1  New  York. 
Montague  Lessler,2  New  York. 
Thomas  J.  Creamer,  New  York. 
Henry  M.  Goldfogle,  New  York. 
Amos  J.  Cummings,3  New  York. 
Edward  Swann,4  New  York. 
William  Sulzer,  New  York. 
George  B.  McClellan,  New  York. 
Oliver  H.  P.  Belmont,  New  York. 
William  H.  Douglas,  New  York. 
Jacob  Ruppert,  jr.,  New  York. 
Cornelius  A.  Pugsley,  Peekskill. 
Arthur  S.  Tompkins,  Nyack. 


Chauncey  M.  Depew,  Peekskill. 

John  H.  Ketcham,  Dover  Plains. 
William  H.  Draper,  Troy. 
George  N.  Southwick,  Albany. 
John  K.  Stewart,  Amsterdam. 
Lucius  N.  Littauer,  Gloversville. 
Louis  W.  Emerson,  Warrensburg. 
Charles  L.  Knapp,5  Lowville. 
James  S.  Sherman,  Utica. 
George  W.  Ray,6  Norwich. 
John  W.  Dwight,7  Dryden. 
Michael  E.  Driscoll,  Syracuse. 
Sereno  E.  Payne,  Auburn. 
Charles  W.  Gillet,  Addison. 
James  W.  Wadsworth,  Geneseo. 
James  B.  Perkins,  Rochester. 
William  H.  Ryan,  Buffalo. 
De  Alva  S.  Alexander,  Buffalo. 
Edward  B.  Vreeland,  Salamanca. 


NORTH  CAROLINA. 


Jeter  C.  Pritchard,  Marshall. 


SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


John  H.  Small,  Washington. 
Claude  Kitchin,  Scotland  Neck. 
Charles  R.  Thomas,8  New  Bern. 
Edward  W.  Pou,  Smithfield. 
William  W.  Kitchin,  Roxboro. 


Furnifold  McL.  Simmons,  Raleigh. 

John  D.  Bellamy,  Wilmington. 
Theodore  F.  Kluttz,  Salisbury. 
Edmond  S.  Blackburn,  Wilkesboro. 
James  M.  Moody,9  Waynesville. 


NORTH  DAKOTA. 

SENATORS. 

Henry  C.  Hansbrough,  Devils  Lake.  Porter  J.  McCumber,  Wahpeton. 

REPRESENTATIVE. 

Thomas  F.  Marshall,  Oakes. 
OHIO. 


SENATORS. 


Joseph  B.  Foraker,  Cincinnati. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


William  B.  Shattuc,  Madisonville. 
Jacob  H.  Bromwell,  Cincinnati. 
Robert  M.  Nevin,  Dayton. 
Robert  B.  Gordon,  St.  Marys. 
John  S.  Snook,  Paulding. 
Charles  Q.  Hildebrant,  Wilmington. 
Thomas  B.  Kyle,  Troy. 
William  R.  Warnock,  Urbana. 
James  H.  Southard,  Toledo. 
Stephen  Morgan,  Oak  Hill. 
Charles  H.  Grosvenor,  Athens. 


Marcus  A.  Hanna,  Cleveland. 


Emmett  Tompkins,10  Columbus. 
James  A.  Norton,  Tiffin. 
William  W.  Skiles,  Shelby. 
Henry  C.  Van  Voorhis,  Zanesville. 
Joseph  J.  Gill,  Steubenville. 
John  W.  Cassingham,  Coshocton. 
Robert  W.  Tayler,  Lisbon. 
Charles  Dick,  Akron. 
Jacob  A.  Beidler,  Willoughby. 
Theodore  E.  Burton,  Cleveland. 


'  Resigned  December  1, 1902. 

*  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  Nicholas 
Mueller,  and  took  h's  seat  January  15, 1902. 

*  Died  May  2, 1902. 

4  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  death  of  Amos  J.  Cum- 
mings, and  took  his  seat  December  2, 1902. 

&  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  death  of  Albert,  D.  Shaw, 
In  preceding  Congress,  and  took  his  seat  December  2, 1901. 

fi034B0— S.  Doc.  654,  61-2 25 


»  Resigned  September  11, 1902. 

7  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  George  \V. 
Ray,  and  took  his  seat  December  1,  1902. 

s  Election  unsuccessfully  contested  by  John  E.  Fowler. 
s  Died  February  5,  1903. 
">  Election  unsuccessfully  contested  by  John  J ,  Lentz. 


386 


CONGRESSIONAL   DIRECTORY. 


OREGON. 

SENATORS. 

Joseph  Simon,  Portland.  John  H.  Mitchell,  Portland. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

Thomas  H.  Tongue,1  Hillsboro.  Malcolm  A.  Moody,  The  Dalles. 

PENNSYLVANIA. 


SENATORS. 


Boise  Penrose,  Philadelphia. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


Henry  H.  Bingham,  Philadelphia. 
Robert  Adams,  jr.,  Philadelphia. 
Henry  Burk,  Philadelphia. 
James  R.  Young,  Philadelphia. 
Edward  DeV.  Morrell,  Torresdale. 
Thomas  S.  Butler,  West  Chester. 
Irving  P.  Wanger,  Norristown. 
Howard  Mutchler,  Easton. 
Henry  D.  Green,  Reading. 
Marriott  Brosius,2  Lancaster. 
Henry  B.  Cassel,3  Marietta. 
William  Connell,  Scranton. 
Henry  W.  Palmer,  Wilkes-Barre. 
George  R.  Patterson,  Ashland. 
Marlin  E.  Olmsted,  Harrisburg. 
Charles  F.  \Vright,  Susquehanna. 


Matthew  S.  Quay,  Beaver. 

Elias  Deemer,  Williamsport. 
Rufus  K.  Polk,4  Danville. 
Alexander  Billmeyer,5  Washing  ton ville. 
Thaddeus  M.  Mahon,  Chambersburg. 
Robert  J.  Lewis,  York. 
Alvin  Evans,  Ebensburg. 
Summers  M.  Jack,  Indiana. 
John  Dalzell,  Pittsburgh. 
William  H.  Graham,  Allegheny. 
Ernest  F.  Acheson,  Washington. 
Joseph  B.  Showalter,  Butler. 
Arthur  L.  Bates,  Meadville. 
Joseph  C.  Sibley,  Franklin. 
James  K.  P.  Hall,6  Ridgway. 
Galusha  A.  Grow,  Glenwood. 
Robert  H.  Foerderer,  Philadelphia. 


RHODE  ISLAND. 

SENATORS. 

Nelson  W.  Aldrich,  Providence.  George  P.  Wetmore,  Newport. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

Melville  Bull,  Middletown.  Adin  B.  Capron,  Stillwater. 

SOUTH  CAROLINA. 


SENATORS. 

Benjamin  R.  Tillman,  Trenton. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

William  Elliott,  Beaufort. 
William  J.  Talbert,  Parksville. 
Asbury  C.  Latimer,  Belton. 
Joseph  T.  Johnson,  Spartanburg. 


John  L.  McLaurin,  Marlboro  County. 

David  E.  Finley,  Yorkville. 
Robert  B.  Scarborough,  Con  way. 
J.  William  Stokes,7  Orangeburg. 
Asbury  F.  Lever,8  Lexington. 


SOUTH  DAKOTA. 


James  H.  Kyle,9  Aberdeen. 
Alfred  B.  Kittredge,10  Sioux  Falls. 

Charles  H.  Burke,  Pierre. 


SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


William  B.  Bate,  Nashville. 


TENNESSEE. 


SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


Walter  P.  Brownlow,  Jonesboro. 
Henry  R.  Gibson,  Knox ville. 
John  A .  Moon,  Chattanooga. 
Charles  E.  Snodgrass,  Crossville. 
James  D.  Richardson,  Murfreesboro. 


Robert  J.  Gamble,  Yankton. 


Eben  W.  Martin,  Deaclwood. 


Edward  W.  Carmack,  Memphis. 

John  W.  Gaines,  Nashville. 
Lemuel  P.  Padgett,  Columbia. 
Thetus  W.  Sims,  Linden. 
Rice  A.  Pierce,  Union  City. 
Malcolm  R.  Patterson,  Memphis. 


1  Died  January  11  1903. 

2  Died  March  10, 1901. 

8  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  death  oflMarriott  Brosius, 
and  took  his  seat  December  2,  190i. 

"  Died  March  5, 1902. 

»  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  death  of  Rufus  K.  Polk, 
and  took  his  seat  December  1, 1902. 


°  Resigned  December  1, 1902. 

7  Died  July  6,  1901. 

8  Elected  to    fill   vacancy  caused  by  death  of  J.  William 
Stokes,  and  took  his  seat  December  2,  1901. 

»  Died  July  1,  1901. 

10  Appointed  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  death  of  James  IT.  Kyle, 
and  took  his  seat  December  1, 1902;  subsequently  elected. 


FIFTY-SEVENTH   CONGRESS. 


387 


Charles  A.  Culberson,  Dallas. 


TEXAS. 


SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


Thomas  H.  Ball,  Huntsville. 
Sam  B.  Cooper,  Beaumont. 
Reese  C.  De  Graff enreid,1  Longview. 
Gordon  Russell,2  Tyler. 
John  L.  Sheppard,3  Texarkana. 
Morris  Sheppard,4  Texarkana. 
Choice  B.  Randell,  Sherman. 
Robert  E.  Burke,5  Dallas. 


UTAH. 


Joseph  W.  Bailey,  Gainesville. 

Dudley  G.  Wooten,6  Dallas. 
Robert  L.  Henry,  Waco. 
Samuel  W.  T.  Lanham,  Weatherford. 
Albert  S.  Burleso'n,  Austin. 
George  F.  Burgess,  Gonzales. 
Rudolph  Kleberg,  Cuero. 
James  L.  Slayden,  San  Antonio. 
John  H.  Stephens,  Vernon. 


SENATORS. 
Joseph  L.  Rawlins,  Salt  Lake  City.  Thomas  Kearns,  Salt  Lake  City. 

REPRESENTATIVE. 

«  George  Sutherland,  Salt  Lake  City. 

VERMONT. 

SENATORS. 

Redfield  Proctor,  Proctor.  William  P.  Dillingham,  Montpelier. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

David  J.  Foster,  Burlington.  Kittredge  Haskins,  Brattleboro. 

VIRGINIA. 


John  W.  Daniel,  Lynchburg. 


SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


William  A.  Jones,  Warsaw. 
Harry  L.  Maynard,  Portsmouth. 
John  Lamb,  Richmond. 
Francis  R.  Lassiter,  Petersburg. 
Claude  A.  Swanson,  Chatham. 
Peter  J.  Otey,7  Lynchburg. 


Thomas  S.  Martin,  Scottsville. 

Carter  Glass,8  Lynchburg. 
James  Hay,  Madison. 
John  F.  Rixey,  Brandy. 
William  F.  Rhea,9  Bristol. 
Henry  D.  Flood,  Appomattox. 


WASHINGTON. 

SENATORS. 

George  Turner,  Spokane.  Addison  G.  Foster,  Tacoma. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

Wesley  L.  Jones,  North  Yakima.  Francis  W.  Cushman,  Tacoma. 

WEST  VIRGINIA. 

SENATORS. 

Stephen  B.  Elkins,  Elkins.  Nathan  B.  Scott,  Wheeling. 

REPRE  SENTATI VE  S . 


Blackburn  B.  Dovener,  Wheeling. 
Alston  G.  Dayton,  Philippi. 

WISCONSIN. 

SENATORS. 

John  C.  Spooner,  Madison. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

Henry  A.  Cooper,  Racine. 
Herman  B.  Dahle,  Mount  Horeb. 
Joseph  W.  Babcock,.  Necedah. 
Theobold  Otjen,  Milwaukee. 
Samuel  S.  Barney,  West  Bend. 


Joseph  II.  Gaines,  Charleston. 
James  A.  Hughes,  Iluntington. 


Joseph  V.  Quarles,  Milwaukee. 

James  H.  Davidson,  Oshkosh. 
John  J.  Esch,  La  Crosse. 
Edward  S.  Minor,  Sturgeon  Bay. 
Webster  E.  Brown,  Rhmelander. 
John  James  Jenkins,  Chippewa  Falls. 


1  Died  October  11,  1902. 

2  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  death  of  Reese  C.  De  Graf- 
fenreid,  and  took  his  seat  December  2, 1902. 

»  Died  August  30, 1902. 

4  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  death  of  John  L.  Shep- 
pard. and  took  his  seat  December  1,  1902. 
<>  Died  June  5, 1901. 


»  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  death  of  Robert  E. 
Burke,  and  took  his  seat  December  2, 1901. 

7  Died  May  4, 1902. 

«  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  death  of  Peter  J.  Otey, 
and  took  his  seat  December  1,  1902. 

»  Election  unsuccessfully  contested  by  James  A.  Walker. 


388  CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 

WYOMING. 

SENATORS. 

Francis  E.  Warren,  Cheyenne.  Clarence  D.  Clark,  Evanston. 

REPRESENTATIVE. 

Frank  W.  Mondell,  Newcastle. 
TERRITORY  OF  ARIZONA. 

DELEGATE. 

Marcus  A.  Smith,  Tucson. 
TERRITORY  OF  NEW  MEXICO. 

DELEGATE. 

Bernard  S.  Rodey,  Albuquerque. 
TERRITORY  OF  OKLAHOMA.  * 

DELEGATE. 

Dennis  T.  Flynn,  Guthrie. 
TERRITORY  OF  HAWAII. 

DELEGATE. 

Robert  W.  Wilcox,  Honolulu. 
PORTO  RICO.1 

RESIDENT  COMMISSIONER. 

Federico  Degetau,  San  Juan. 

i  Part  of  the  territory  ceded  to  the  United  States  by  Spain  by  treaty  of  Paris  of  December  10,  1898;  granted  a  civil  govern- 
ment, and  the  right  to  be  represented  in  Congress  by  a  commissioner  with  limited  powers,  by  act  of  April  12, 1900. 


FIFTY-EIGHTH  CONGRESS. 


MARCH  4,  1903,  TO  MARCH  3,  1905. 


FIRST  SESSION— November  9,  1903,  to  December  7, 1903.  SECOND  SESSION— December 
7,  1903,  to  May  7,  1904.  THIRD  SESSION— December  5,  1904,  to  March  2,  1905. 
SPECIAL  SESSION  OF  THE  SENATE— March  5,  1903,  to  March  19,  1903. 


VICE  PRESIDENT,1 

P.  Frye,  of  Maine.     SECRETARY  OF  THE  SENATE 


PRESIDENT  OF  THE  SENATE  PRO  TEMPORE— William 

Charles  G.  Bennett,  of  New  York. 
SPEAKER  OF  THE    HOUSE— Joseph  G.  Cannon,   of  Illinois.     CLERK  OF   THE    HOUSE— 


Alexander  McDowell,  of  Pennsylvania. 


ALABAMA. 


John  T.  Morgan,  Selma. 


SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


George  W.  Taylor,  Demopolis. 
Ariosto  A.  Wiley,  Montgomery. 
Henry  D.  Clayton,  Eufaula. 
Sydney  J.  Bowie,  Anniston. 
Charles  W.  Thompson,2  Tuskegee. 
James  T.  Heflin,3  Lafayette. 


Edmund  W.  Pettas,  Selma. 


John  H.  Bankhead,  Fayette. 
John  L.  B.  Burnett,  Gadsden. 
William  Richardson,  Huntsville. 
Oscar  W.  Underwood,  Birmingham. 


ARKANSAS. 


James  H.  Berry,  Bentonville. 


SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


R.  Bruce  Macon,  Helena. 
Stephen  Brundidge,  jr  ,  Searcy. 
Hugh  A.  Dinsmore,  Fayetteville. 
John  S.  Little,  Greenwood. 


James  P.  Clarke,  Little  Rock. 


Charles  C.  Reid,  Clarskville. 
Joseph  T.  Robinson,  Lonoke. 
R.  Minor  Wallace,  Magnolia. 


CALIFORNIA. 


George  C.  Perkins,  Oakland. 


SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


James  N.  Gillett,  Eureka. 
Theodore  A.  Bell,  Napa. 
Victor  H.  Metcalf,4  Oakland. 
Joseph  R.  Knowland,5  Alameda. 
Edward  J.  Livernash,6  San  Francisco. 


Thomas  R.  Bard,  Hueneme. 


William  J.  Wynn,  San  Francisco. 
James  C.  Needham,  Modesto. 
James  McLachlan,  Pasadena. 
Milton  J.  Daniels,  Riverside. 


iVice  President  Theodore  Roosevelt  became  President  by 
the  death  of  William  McKinley  in  preceding  Congress. 

2  Died  March  20,  1904. 

3  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  death  of  Charles  W. 
Thompson,  anl  took  his  seat  December  5,  1904. 


4  Resigned  July  1,  1904,  to  become  Secretary  of  Commerce 
and  Labor. 

6  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  Victor  H. 
Metcalf,  and  took  his  seat  December  5, 1904. 

6  Election  unsuccessfully  contested  by  Julius  Kahn. 

389 


390 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 


COLORADO. 

SENATORS. 

Henry  M.  Teller,  Central  City.  Thomas  M.  Patterson,  Denver. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

John  F.  Shafroth,1  Denver.  Herschel  M.  Hogg,  Telluride. 

Robert  W.  Bonynge,2  Denver. 


CONNECTICUT. 

SENATORS. 


Orville  H.  Platt,  Meriden. 


Franklin  E.  Brooks,  Colorado  Springs. 
Joseph  R.  Hawley,  Hartford. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 

George  L.  Lilley,  Waterbury.  Frank  B.  Brandegee,  New  London. 

Edward  S.  Henry,  Rockville.  Ebenezer  J.  Hill,  Norwalk. 

Nehemiah  D.  Sperry,  New  Haven. 


DELAWARE. 

SENATORS. 


J.  Frank  Allee,  Dover. 


Lewis  H.  Ball,  Faulkland. 


REPRESENTATIVE . 

Henry  A.  Houston,  Millsboro. 
FLORIDA. 

SENATORS. 

Stephen  R.  Mallory,  Pensacola.  James  P.  Taliaferro,  Jacksonville. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

William  B.  Lamar,  Tallahassee. 
GEORGIA. 

SENATORS. 


Stephen  M.  Sparkman,  Tampa. 
Robert  W.  Davis,  Palatka. 


Augustus  O.  Bacon,  Macon. 

Rufus  E.  Lester,  Savannah. 
James  M.  Griggs,  Dawson. 
Elijah  B.  Lewis,  Montezuma. 
William  C.  Adamson,  Carrollton. 
Leonidas  F.  Livingston,  Covington. 
Charles  L.  Bartlett,  Macon. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


Alexander  S.  Clay,  Marietta. 

John  W.  Maddox,  Rome. 
William  M.  Howard,  Lexington. 
Farish  Carter  Tate,  Jasper. 
Thomas  W.  Hardwick,  Sandersville. 
William  G.  Brantley,  Brunswick. 


Fred.  T.  Dubois,  Blackfoot. 


IDAHO. 

SENATORS. 
REPRESENTATIVE . 


Weldon  B.  Heyburn,  Wallace. 


Burton  L.  French,  Moscow. 


Shelby  M.  Cullom,  Springfield. 

Martin  Emerich,  Chicago. 
James  R.  Mann,  Chicago. 
William  W.  Wilson,  Chicago. 
George  P.  Foster,  Chicago. 
James  McAndrews,  Chicago. 
William  Lorimer,3  Chicago. 
Philip  Knopf,  Chicago. 
William  F.  Mahoney,4  Chicago. 
Henry  S.  Boutell,  Chicago. 
George  E.  Foss,  Chicago. 
Howard  M.  Snapp,  Joliet. 
Charles  E.  Fuller,  Belvidere. 
Robert  R.  Hitt,  Mount  Morris. 


ILLINOIS. 


SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


Albert  J.  Hopkins,  Aurora. 

Benjamin  F.  Marsh,  Warsaw. 
George  W.  Prince,  Galesburg. 
Joseph  V.  Graff,  Peoria. 
John  A.  Sterling,  Bloomington. 
Joseph  G.  Cannon,  Danville. 
Vespasian  Warner,  Clinton. 
Henry  T.  Rainey,  Carrollton. 
Benjamin  F.  Caldwell,  Chatham. 
William  A.  Rodenberg,  East  St.  Louis. 
Joseph  B.  Crowley,  Robinson. 
James  R.  Williams,  Carmi. 
George  W.  Smith,  Murphysboro. 


1  Election  contested  by  Robert  W.  Bonynge;  served  until 
February  15, 1904,  when  he  declared  the  conviction  that  con- 
testant was  duly  elected  and  entitled  to  seat  held  by  him; 
contestant  then  seated  by  unanimous  vote. 


1  Successfully  contested  the  election  of  John  F.  Shafroth, 
and  took  his  seat  February  16,  1904. 

8  Election  unsuccessfully  contested  by  Allan  C.  Durborow. 
<  Died  Decmber  27, 1904. 


FIFTY-EIGHTH    CONGKESS. 


391 


INDIANA. 

SENATORS. 

Charles  W.  Fairbanks,1  Indianapolis. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


James  A.  Hemenway,  Booneville. 
Robert  W.  Miers,  Bloomington. 
William  T.  Zenor,  Corydon. 
Francis  M.  Griffith,  Veyay. 
Elias  S.  Holliday,  Brazil. 
James  E.  Watson,  Rushville. 
Jesse  Overstreet,  Indianapolis. 


IOWA. 


SENATORS. 


William  B.  Allison,  Dubuque. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


Thomas  Hedge,  Burlington. 
Martin  J.  Wade,  Iowa  City. 
Benjamin  P.  Birdsall,  Clarion. 
Gilbert  N.  Haugen,  North  wood. 
Robert  G.  Cousins,  Tipton. 
John  F.  Lacey,  Oskaloosa. 


Joseph  R.  Burton,  Abilene. 


KANSAS. 


SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


Charles  F.  Scott,  lola. 

Charles  Curtis,  Topeka. 

Justin  DeW.  Bowersock,  Lawrence. 

Philip  P.  Campbell,  Pittsburg. 


KENTUCKY. 


SENATORS. 


Joseph  C.  S.  Blackburn,  Versailles. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


Ollie  M.  James,  Marion. 
Augustus  O.  Stanley,  Henderson. 
John  S.  Rhea,  Russellville. 
David  H.  Smith,  Hodgensville. 
Joseph  Swagar  Shirley,  Louisville. 
D.  Linn  Gooch,  Covington. 


LOUISIANA. 


SENATORS. 


Samuel  D.  McEnery,  New  Orleans. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


Adolph  Meyer,  New  Orleans. 
Robert  C.  Davey,  New  Orleans. 
Robert  F.  Broussard,  New  Iberia. 
Phanor  Breazeale,  Natchitoches. 


Albert  J.  Beveridge,  Indianapolis. 


George  W.  Cromer,  Muncie. 
Charles  B.  Landis,  Delphi. 
Edgar  D.  Crumpacker,  Valparaiso. 
Frederick  Landis,  Logansport. 
James  M.  Robinson,  Fort  Wayne. 
Abraham  L.  Brick,  South  Bend. 


Jonathan  P.  Dolliver,  Fort  Dodge. 

John  A.  T.  Hull,  Des  Moines. 
William  P.  Hepburn,  Clarinda. 
Walter  I.  Smith,  Council  Bluffs. 
James  P.  Conner,  Denison. 
Lot  Thomas,  Storm  Lake. 


Chester  I.  Long,  Medicine  Lodge. 

James  M.  Miller,  Council  Grove. 
William  A.  Calderhead,  Marysville. 
William  A.  Reeder,  Logan. 
Chester  I.  Long,2  Medicine  Lodge. 
Victor  Murdock,3  Wichita. 


James  B.  McCreary,  Richmond. 


South  Trimble,  Frankfort. 
George  G.  Gilbert,  Shelby ville. 
James  N.  Kehoe,  Maysville. 
Frank  A.  Hopkins,  Prestonsburg. 
Vincent  Boreing,4  London. 
W.  Godfrey  Hunter,5  Burkesville. 


Murphy  J.  Foster,  Franklin. 


Joseph  E.  Ransdell,  Lake  Providence. 
Samuel  M.  Robertson,  Baton  Rouge. 
Arsene  P.  Pujo,  Lake  Charles. 


MAINE. 


Eugene  Hale,  Ellsworth. 


SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


Amos  L.  Allen,  Alfred. 

Charles  E.  Littlefield,  Rockland. 


William  P.  Frye,  Lewiston. 

Edwin  C.  Burleigh,  Augusta. 
Llewellyn  Powers,  Houlton. 


1  Resigned  March  3, 190o, having  been  elected  Vice  President. 

2  Resigned  March  4,  1903,  having  been  elected  Senator. 

3  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  Chester  I. 
Long,  and  took  his  seat  November  9,  1903. 


<  Died  September  16,  1903. 

5  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  death  of  Vincent  Boreiug, 
and  took  his  seat  December  3,  1903. 


392 


CONGRESSIONAL,  DIRECTORY. 


MARYLAND. 


SENATORS. 


Louis  E.  McComas,  Williamsport. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


William  H.  Jackson,  Salisbury. 
J.  Frederick  C.  Talbott,  Towson. 
Frank  C.  Wachter,  Baltimore. 


Arthur  Pue  Gorman,  Laurel. 


James  W.  Denny,  Baltimore. 
Sydney  E.  Mudd,  La  Plata. 
George  A.  Pearre,  Cumberland. 


MASSACHUSETTS. 


SENATORS. 

George  F.  Hoar,1  Worcester. 
Winthrop  Murray  Crane,2  Dalton. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

George  P.  Lawrence,  North  Adams. 
Frederick  H.  Gillett,  Springfield. 
John  R.  Thayer,  Worcester. 
Charles  Q.'  Tirrell,  Natick. 
Butler  Ames,  Lowell. 
Augustus  P.  Gardner,  Hamilton. 
Ernest  W.  Roberts,  Chelsea. 

MICHIGAN. 


Henry  Cabot  Lodge,  Nahant. 


Samuel  W.  McCall,  Winchester. 
John  A.  Keliher,3  Boston. 
William  S.  McNary,  Boston. 
John  A.  Sullivan,  Boston. 
Samuel  L.  Powers,  Newton. 
William  S.  Greene,  Fall  River. 
William  C.  Lovering,  Taunton. 


SENATORS. 
Julius  C.  Burrows,  Kalamazoo. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

Alfred  Lucking,  Detroit. 
Charles  E.  Townsend,  Jackson. 
Washington  Gardner,  Albion. 
Edward  L.  Hamilton,  Niles. 
William  Alden  Smith,  Grand  Rapids. 
Samuel  W.  Smith,  Pontiac. 


MINNESOTA. 


Knute  Nelson,  Alexandria. 

James  A.  Tawney,  Winona. 
James  T.  McCleary,  Mankato. 
Charles  R.  Davis,  St.  Peter. 
Frederick  C.  Stevens,  St.  Paul. 
John  Lind,  Minneapolis. 


SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


Russell  A.  Alger,  Detroit. 

Henry  McMorran,  Port  Huron. 
Joseph  W.  Fordney,  Saginaw. 
Roswell  P.  Bishop,  Ludington. 
George  A.  Loud,  Au  Sable. 
Archibald  B.  Darragh,  St.  Louis. 
H.  Olin  Young,  Ishpeming. 


Moses  E.  Clapp,  St.  Paul. 

Clarence  B.  Buckman,  Little  Falls. 
Andrew  J.  Volstead,  Granite  Falls. 
J.  Adam  Bede,  Pine  City. 
Halvor  Steenerson,  Crookston. 


MISSISSIPPI. 


SENATORS. 


Hernando  D.  Money,  Carroll  ton. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


Ezekiel  S.  Candler,  jr.,  Corinth. 
Thomas  Spight,  Ripley. 
Benjamin  G.  Humphreys,  Greenwood. 
Wilson  S.  Hill,  Winona. 

MISSOURI. 


Anselm  J.  McLaurin,  Brandon. 

Adam  M.  Byrd,  Philadelphia. 
Eaton  J.  Bowers,  Bay  St.  Louis. 
Frank  A.  McLain,  Gloster. 
John  Sharp  Williams,  Yazoo. 


SENATORS. 


Francis  M.  Cockrell,  Warrensburg. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

James  T.  Lloyd,  Shelby ville. 
William  W.  Rucker,  Keytesville. 
John  Dougherty,  Liberty. 
Charles  F.  Cochran,  St.  Joseph. 
William  S.  Cowherd,  Kansas  City. 
David  A.  De  Armond,  Butler. 
Courtney  W.  Hamlin,  Springfield. 
Dorsey  W.  Shackleford,  Jefferson  City. 


William  J.  Stone,  Jefferson  City 

Champ  Clark,  Bowling  Green. 
Richard  Bartholdt,  St.  Louis. 
John  T.  Hunt,  St.  Louis. 
James  J.  Butler,  St.  Louis. 
Edward  Robb,  Perry  ville. 
Willard  D.  Vandiver,  Cape  Girardeau. 
Msecenas  E.  Benton,  Neosho. 
Robert  Lamar,  Houston. 


1  Died  September  30,  1904. 

3  Appointed  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  death  of  George  F. 
Hoar,  and  took  his  seat  December  6,  1904. 


3  Election  unsuccessfully  contested  by  Joseph  A.  Conry. 


FIFTY-EIGHTH    CONGKESS. 


393 


MONTANA. 

SENATORS. 

William  A.  Clark,  Butte.  Paris  Gibson,  Great  Falls. 

REPRESENTATIVE. 

Joseph  M.  Dixon,  Missoula. 
NEBRASKA. 

SENATORS. 

Charles  H.  Dietrich,  Hastings.  Joseph  H.  Millard,  Omaha. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

Elmer  J.  Burkett,  Lincoln.  Edmund I  H.  Hinshaw,  Fairbury. 

Gilbert  M.  Hitchcock,  Omaha.    . 
John  J.  McCarthy,  Ponca. 


George  W.  Norris,  McCook. 
Moses  P.  Kinkaid,  O'Neill. 


NEVADA. 

SENATORS. 

William  M.  Stewart,  Carson  City.  Francis  G.  Newlands,  Reno. 

REPRESENTATIVE. 

Clarence  D.  Van  Duzer,  Tonopah. 
NEW  HAMPSHIRE. 

SENATORS. 

Jacob  H.  Gallinger,  Concord.  Henry  E.  Burnham,  Manchester. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

Cyrus  A.  Sulloway,  Manchester.  Frank  D.  Currier,  Canaan. 

NEW  JERSEY. 


John  Kean,  Elizabeth. 


SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


Henry  C.  Loudenslager,  Paulsboro. 
John  J.  Gardner,'  Atlantic  City. 
Benjamin  F.  Howell,  New  Brunswick. 
William  W.  Lanning,1  Trenton. 
Ira  W.  Wood,2  Trenton. 
Charles  N.  Fowler,  Elizabeth. 


NEW  YORK. 


SENATORS. 


Thomas  C.  Platt,  Owego. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


Townsend  Scudder,  Glen  Head. 
George  H.  Lindsay,  Brooklyn. 
Charles  T.  Dun  well,  Brooklyn. 
Frank  E.  Wilson,  Brooklyn. 
Edward  M.  Bassett,  Brooklyn. 
Robert  Baker,  Brooklyn. 
John  J.  Fitzgerald,  Brooklyn. 
Timothy  D.  Sullivan,  New  York. 
Henry  M.  Goldfogle,  New  York. 
William  Sulzer,  New  York. 
William  R.  Hearst,  New  York. 
George  B.  McClellan,3  New  York. 
W.  Bourke  Cockran,4  New  York. 
Francis  B.  Harrison,  New  York. 
Ira  E.  Rider,  New  York. 
William  H.  Douglas,  New  York. 
Jacob  Ruppert,  jr.,  New  York. 
Francis  E.  Shober,  New  York. 
Joseph  A.  Goulden,  Fordham. 


John  F.  Dry  den,  Newark. 

William  Hughes,  Paterson. 

R.  Wayne  Parker,  Newark. 

William  H.  Wiley,  East  Orange. 

Allan  Benny,  Bayonne. 

Allan  L.  McDermott,  Jersey  City. 


Chauncey  M.  Depew,  Peekskill. 

Norton  P.  Otis,  Yonkers. 
Thomas  W.  Bradley,  Walden. 
John  H.  Ketcham,  Dover  Plains. 
William  H.  Draper,  Troy. 
George  N.  South  wick,  Albany. 
George  J.  Smith,  Kingston. 
Lucius  N.  Littauer,  Gloversville. 
William  H.  Flack,  Malone. 
James  S.  Sherman,  Utica. 
Charles  L.  Knapp,  Lowville. 
Michael  E.  Driscoll,  Syracuse. 
John  W.  Dwight,  Dryden. 
Sereno  E.  Payne,  Auburn. 
James  B.  Perkins,  Rochester. 
Charles  W.  Gillet,  Addison. 
James  W.  Wadsworth,  Geneseo. 
William  H.  Ryan,  Buffalo. 
De  Alva  S.  Alexander,  Buffalo. 
Edward  B.  Vreeland,  Salamanca. 


1  Resigned  June  6,  1904,  having  been   appointed   United 
States  District  Judge  for  New  Jersey. 

2  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  William 
M.  Lanning,  and  took  his  seat  December  5,  1904. 


3  Resigned  December  21,  1903,  having  been  elected  mayor  of 
New  York  City. 

4  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  George  B. 
McClellan,  and  took  his  seat  March  9,  1904. 


394 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIEECTORY. 


NORTH  CAROLINA. 

SENATORS. 


Furnifold  McL.  Simmons,  Raleigh. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


John  H.  Small,  Washington. 
Claude  Kitchin,  Scotland  Neck. 
Charles  R.  Thomas,  Newbern. 
Edward  W.  Pou,  Smithfield. 
William  W.  Kitchin,  Roxboro. 


Lee  S.  Overman,  Salisbury. 

Gilbert  B.  Patterson,  Maxton. 
Robert  N.  Page,  Biscoe. 
Theodore  F.  Kluttz,  Salisbury. 
Edwin  Y.  Webb,  Shelby. 
James  M.  Gudger,  jr.,1  Asheville. 


NORTH  DAKOTA. 

SENATORS. 

Henry  C.  Hansbrough,  Devils  Lake.  Porter  J.  McCumber,  Wahpeton. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

Thomas  F.  Marshall,  Oakes.  Burleigh  F.  Spalding,  Fargo. 

OHIO. 


SENATORS. 


Joseph  B.  Foraker,  Cincinnati. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 

Nicholas  Longworth,  Cincinnati. 
Herman  P.  Goebel,  Cincinnati. 
Robert  M.  Nevin,  Dayton. 
Harvey  C.  Garber,  Greenville. 
John  S.  Snook,  Paulding. 
Charles  Q.  Hildebrant,  Wilmington. 
Thomas  B.  Kyle,  Troy. 
William  R.  Warnock,  Urbana. 
James  H.  Southard,  Toledo. 
Stephen  Morgan,  Oak  Hill. 
Charles  H.  Grosvenor,  Athens. 
De  Witt  C.  Badger,  Columbus. 

OREGON. 


Marcus  A.  Hanna,2  Cleveland. 
Charles  Dick.3  Akron. 


Amos  H.  Jackson,  Fremont. 
William  W.  Skiles,4  Shelby. 
Amos  R.  Webber,5  Elyria. 
Henry  C.  Van  Voorhis,  Zanesville. 
Joseph  J.  Gill,6  Steubenville. 
Capell  L.  Weems,7  St.  Clairsville. 
John  W.  Cassingham,  Coshocton. 
James  Kennedy,  Youngstown. 
Charles  Dick,8  Akron. 
William  Aubrey  Thomas,9  Niles. 
Jacob  A.  Beidler,  Willoughby. 
Theodore  E.  Burton,  Cleveland. 


SENATORS. 
John  H.  Mitchell,  Portland.  Charles  W.  Fulton,  Astoria. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

Binger  Hermann,10  Roseburg.  John  N.  Williamson,  Prineville. 

PENNSYLVANIA. 


Boies  Penrose,  Philadelphia. 


SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


Henry  H.  Bingham,  Philadelphia. 
Robert  Adams,  jr.,  Philadelphia. 
Henry  Burk,13  Philadelphia. 
George  A.  Castor,14  Philadelphia. 
Robert  W.  Foerderer,15  Philadelphia. 
Reuben  O.  Moon,16  Philadelphia. 
Edward  de  V.  Morrell,  Torresdale. 
George  D.  McCreary,  Philadelphia. 
Thomas  S.  Butler,  West  Chester. 


Matthew  S.  Quay,11  Beaver. 
Philander  C.  Knox,12  Pittsburgh. 

Irving  P.  Wanger,  Norristown. 
H.  Burd  Cassel,  Marietta. 
George  Howell,17  Scranton. 
William  Connell,18  Scranton. 
Henry  W.  Palmer,  Wilkes-Barre. 
George  R.  Patterson,  Ashland. 
Marcus  C.  L.  Kline,  Allentown. 
Charles  F.  Wright,  Susquehanna. 
Elias  Deemer,  Williamsport. 


1  Election  unsuccessfully  contested  by  James  M.  Moody. 

2  Died  February  15,  1904. 

3  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  death  of    Marcus  A. 
Hanna,  and  took  his  seat  March  23,  1904. 

4  Died  January  9,  1904. 

5  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  death  of  William  W. 
Skiles,  and  took  his  seat  December  5,  1904. 

e  Resigned  October  31,  1903. 

7  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  Joseph  J. 
Gill,  and  took  his  seat  November  9,  1903. 

8  Resigned  March  23, 1904,  having  been  elected  United  States 
Senator. 

9  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused   by  resignation  of  Charles 
Dick,  and  took  his  seat  December  5,  1904. 

10  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  death  of  Thomas  H. 
Tongue  in  preceding  Congress,  and  took  his  seat  November 
9,  1903. 


1  Died  May  28,  1904. 

2  Appointed  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  death  of  Matthew  S. 
Quay,  and  took  his  seat  January  25,  1905. 

3  Died  December  5,  1903. 

4  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  the  death  of  Henry 


B 


irk,  and  took  his  seat  February  29,  1904. 


5  Died  July  20,  1903. 

6  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  death  of   Robert  H. 
Foerderer,  and  took  his  seat  November  9,  1903. 

17  Served  until  February  10,  1904;   succeeded  by  William 
Connell,  who  contested  his  election. 

18  Successfully  contested  the  election  of  George  Howell,  and 
took  his  seat  February  10, 1904. 


FIFTY-EIGHTH   CONGRESS. 


395 


Charles  H.  Dickerman,  Milton. 
Thaddeus  M.  Mahon,  Chambersburg. 
Marlin  E.  Olmsted,  Harrisburg. 
Alvin  Evans,  Ebensburg. 
Daniel  F.  Lafean,  York. 
Solomon  R.  Dresser,  Bradford. 
George  F.  Huff,  Greensburg. 
Allen  F.  Cooper,  Uniontown. 
Ernest  F.  Acheson,  Washington. 


Arthur  L.  Bates,  Meadville, 
Joseph  H.  Shull,  Stroudsburg. 
William  O.  Smith,  Punxsutawney. 
Joseph  C.  Sibley,  Franklin. 
George  Shiras,  3d,  Allegheny. 
John  Dalzell,  Pittsburgh. 
H.  Kirk  Porter,  Pittsburgh. 
James  W.  Brown,  Pittsburgh. 


RHODE  ISLAND. 

SENATORS. 

Nelson  W.  Aldrich,  Providence.  George  P.  Wetmore,  Newport. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

Daniel  L.  D.  Granger,  Providence.  Adin  B.  Capron,  Stillwater. 

SOUTH  CAROLINA. 

SENATORS. 

Benjamin  R.  Tillman,  Trenton.  Asbury  C.  Latimer,  Belton. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


George  S.  Legare,  Charleston. 
George  W.  Croft,1  Aiken. 
Theodore  G.  Croft,2  Aiken. 
Wyatt  Aiken,  Abbeville. 


Joseph  T.  Johnson,  Spartanburg. 
David  E.  Finley,  Yorkville. 
Robert  B.  Scarborough,  Conway. 
Asbury  F.  Lever,3  Lexington. 


SOUTH  DAKOTA. 


Robert  J.  Gamble,  Yankton. 


Charles  H.  Burke,  Pierre. 


William  B.  Bate,  Nashville. 


SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


TENNESSEE. 


SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


Walter  P.  Brownlow,  Jonesboro. 
Henry  R.  Gibson,  Knoxville. 
John  A.  Moon,  Chattanooga. 
Morgan  C.  Fitzpa trick,  Hartsville. 
James  D.  Richardson,  Murfreesboro. 


Charles  A.  Culberson,  Dallas. 


TEXAS. 


SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


Morris  Sheppard,  Texarkana. 
Sam  Bronson  Cooper,  Beaumont. 
Gordon  Russell,  Tyler. 
Choice  B.  Randell,  Sherman. 
Jack  Beall,  Waxahachie. 
Scott  Field,  Calvert. 
Alexander  W.  Greg^,  Palestine. 
Thomas  H.  Ball,5  Huntsville. 
John  M.  Pinckney,6  Hempstead. 


Alfred  B.  Kittredge,  Sioux  Falls. 


Eben  W.  Martin,  Dead  wood. 


Edward  W.  Carmack,  Memphis. 

John  W.  Gaines,  Nashville. 
Lemuel  P.  Padgett,  Columbia. 
Thetus  W.  Sims,4  Linden. 
Rice  A.  Pierce,  Union  City. 
Malcom  R.  Patterson,  Memphis. 


Joseph  W.  Bailey,  Gainesville. 

George  F.  Burgess,  Gonzales. 
Albert  S.  Burleson,  Austin. 
Robert  L.  Henry,  Waco. 
Oscar  W.  Gillespie,  Fort  Worth. 
John  H.  Stephens,  Vernon. 
James  L.  Slayden,  San  Antonio. 
John  N.  Garner,  Uvalde. 
William  R.  Smith,  Colorado. 


4  Election  unsuccessfully  contested  by  F.  M.  Davis. 
6  Resigned  November  16,  1903. 


1  Died  March  9,  1904. 

2  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  death  of  George  W.  Croft,          -  ivcoigucu.  j.-.v/v^.^wi  iu,  Ji7vu. 

and  took  his  seat  December  5. 1904.  •  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  Thomas  H. 

s  Election  unsuccessfully  contested  by  Alexander  D.  Dantz-      Ball,  and  took  his  seat  Decemter  7, 1903. 
ler. 


396  CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 

UTAH. 

SENATORS. 

Thomas  Reams,  Salt  Lake  City.  Reed  Smoot,  Prove  City. 

REPRESENTATIVE. 

Joseph  Howell,  Logan. 

VERMONT. 

« 

SENATORS. 

Redfield  Proctor,  Proctor.  William  P.  Dillingham,  Montpelier. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

David  J.  Foster,  Burlington.  Kittredge  Haskins,  Brattleboro. 

VIRGINIA. 

SENATORS. 

John  W.  Daniel,  Lynchburg.  Thomas  S.  Martin,  Scottsville. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

William  A.  Jones,  Warsaw.  Carter  Glass,  Lynchburg. 

Harry  L.  Maynard,  Portsmouth.  James  Hay,  Madison. 

John  Lamb,  Richmond.  John  F.  Rixey,  Brandy. 

Robert  G.  Southall,  Amelia.  Campbell  Slemp,  Bis  Stone  Gap. 

Claude  A.  Swanson,  Chatham.  Henry  D.  Flood,  Appomattox. 

WASHINGTON. 

SENATORS. 

Addison  G.  Foster,  Tacoma.  Levi  Ankeny,  Walla  Walla. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

Wesley  L.  Jones,  North  Yakima.  William  E.  Humphrey,  Seattle. 

Francis  W.  Cushman,  Tacoma. 

WEST  VIRGINIA. 

SENATORS. 

Stephen  B.  Elkins,  Elkins.  Nathan  B.  Scott,  Wheeling. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

Blackburn  B.  Dovener,  Wheeling.  Harry  C.  Woodyard,  Spencer. 

Alston  G.  Dayton,  Philippi.  James  A.  Hughes,  Huntington. 

Joseph  H.  Gaines,  Charleston. 

WISCONSIN. 

SENATORS. 

John  C.  Spooner,  Madison.  Joseph  V.  Quarles,  Milwaukee. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

Henry  A.  Cooper,  Racine.  John  J.  Esch,  La  Crosse. 

Henry  C.  Adams,  Madison.  James  H.  Davidson,  Oshkosh. 

Joseph  W.  Babcock,  Necedah.  Edward  S.  Minor,  Sturgeon  Bay. 

Theobold  Otjen,  Milwaukee.  Webster  E.  Brown,  Rhinelander. 

William  H.  Stafford,  Milwaukee.  John  J.  Jenkins,  Chippewa  Falls. 
Charles  H.  Weisse,  Sheboygan  Falls. 


FIFTY-EIGHTH   CONGRESS.  397 

WYOMING. 

SENATORS. 

Francis  E.  Warren,  Cheyenne.  Clarence  D.  Clark,  Evanston. 

REPRESENTATIVE. 

Frank  W.  Mondell,  Newcastle. 
TERRITORY  OF  ARIZONA. 

DELEGATE. 

• 

John  F.  Wilson,  Prescott. 
TERRITORY  OF  HAWAII. 

DELEGATE. 

Jonah  K.  Kalanianaole,  Waikiki. 
TERRITORY  OF  NEW  MEXICO. 

DELEGATE. 

Bernard  S.  Rodey,  Albuquerque. 
TERRITORY  OF  OKLAHOMA. 

DELEGATE. 

Bird  S.  McGuire,1  Pawnee. 
PORTO  RICO. 

RESIDENT  COMMISSIONER. 

FedericQ  Degetau,  San  Juan. 
1  Election  unsuccessfully  contested  by  William  M.  Cross. 


FIFTY-NINTH  CONGRESS. 


MARCH  4,  1905,  TO  MARCH  3,  1907. 


FIRST  SESSION— December  4,  1905,  to  June  30,  1906.  SECOND  SESSION— December  3, 
1906,  to  March  3,  1907.  SPECIAL  SESSION  OF  THE  SENATE— March  4,  1905  to 
March  18,  1905. 


VICE-PRESIDENT— Charles  W.  Fairbanks,  of  Indiana.  PRESIDENT  OF  THE  SENATE  PRO 
TEMPORE— William  P.  Frye,  of  Maine.  SECRETARY  OF  THE  SENATE— Charles  G.  Bennett, 
of  New  York. 

SPEAKER  OF  THE  HOUSE— Joseph  G.  Cannon,  of  Illinois.  CLERK  OF  THE  HOUSE— 
Alexander  McDowell,  of  Pennsylvania. 


ALABAMA. 

SENATORS. 

John  T.  Morgan,  Selma.  Edmund  W.  Pettus,  Selma. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

George  W.  Taylor,  Demopolis.  John  H.  Bankhead,  Fayette. 

Ariosto  A.  Wiley,  Montgomery.  John  L.  B.  Burnett,  Gadsden. 

Henry  D.  Clayton,  Eufaula.  William  Richardson,  Huntsyille. 

Sydney  J.  Bowie,  Anniston.  Oscar  W.  Underwood,  Birmingham. 
James  T.  Heflin,  Lafayette. 

ARKANSAS. 

SENATORS. 

James  H.  Berry,  Bentonville.  James  P.  Clarke,  Little  Rock. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

Robert  B.  Macon,  Helena.  .Charles  C.  Reid,  Morrillton. 

Stephen  Brundidge,  jr.,  Searcy.  Joseph  T.  Robinson,  Lonoke. 

John  C.  Floyd,  Yellville.  Robert  M.  Wallace,  Magnolia. 

John  S.  Little,1  Greenwood. 

CALIFORNIA. 

SENATORS. 

George  C.  Perkins,  Oakland.  Frank  P.  Flint,  Los  Angeles. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

James  N.  Gillett,2  Eureka.  Everis  A.  Hayes,  San  Jose. 

William  F.  Englebright,3  Nevada  City.  James  C.  Needham,  Modesto. 

Duncan  E.  McKinlay,  Santa  Rosa.  James  McLachlan,  Pasadena. 

Joseph  R.  Knowland,  Alameda.  Sylvester  C.  Smith,  Bakersfield. 
Julius  Kahn,  San  Francisco. 

COLORADO. 

SENATORS. 

Henry  M.  Teller,  Central  City.  Thomas  M.  Patterson,  Denver. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

Franklin  E.  Brooks,  Colorado  Springs.  Herschel  M.  Hogg,  Telluride. 

Robert  W.  Bonynge,  Denver. 


i  Resigned  to   take   effect  January  14,  1907,  having  been          »  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  James  N. 
elected  Governor.  Gillett,  and  took  his  seat  January  3,  1907. 

!  Resigned  November  4,  1906,  having  been  elected  Governor. 


FIFTY-NINTH  CONGKESS. 


399 


CONNECTICUT. 


SENATORS. 

Orville  H.  Platt,1  Meriden. 

Frank  B.  Brandegee,2  New  London. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

George  L.  Lilley,  Waterbury. 
E.  Stevens  Henry,  Rockville. 
Nehemiah  D.  Sperry,  New  Haven. 

DELAWARE. 


Morgan  G.  Bulkeley,  Hartford. 


Frank  B.  Brandegee,3  New  London. 
Edwin  W.  Higgins,4  Norwich. 
Ebenezer  J.  Hill,  Norwalk. 


J.  Frank  Alice,  Dover. 


SENATORS. 

REPRESENTATIVE. 

Hiram  R.  Burton,  Lewes. 

FLORIDA. 


Henry  A.  du  Pont,5  Winterthur. 


SENATORS. 
Stephen  R.  Mallory,  Pensacola.  James  P.  Taliaferro,  Jacksonville. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

Stephen  M.  Sparkman,  Tampa.  William  B.  Lamar,  Monticello. 

Frank  Clark,  Lake  City. 

GEORGIA. 


Alexander  S.  Clay,  Marietta. 

Charles  L.  Bartlett,  Macon. 
Gordon  Lee,  Chickamauga. 
William  M.  Howard,  Lexington. 
Thomas  M.  Bell,  Gainesville. 
Thomas  W.  Hard  wick,  Sandersville . 
William  G.  Brantley,  Brunswick. 


SENATORS. 
Augustus  O.  Bacon,  Macon. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

Rufus  E.  Lester,6  Savannah. 
James  W.  Oyerstreet,7  Sylvania. 
James  M .  Griggs,  Dawson . 
Elijah  B.  Lewis,  Montezuma. 
William  C.  Adamson,  Carrollton. 
Leonidas  F.  Livingston,  Covington. 

IDAHO. 

SENATORS. 

Fred.  T.  Dubois,  Blackfoot.  Weldon  B.  Heyburn,  Wallace. 

REPRESENTATIVE. 

Burton  L.  French,  Moscow. 
ILLINOIS. 


Shelby  M.  Cullom,  Springfield. 

Martin  B.  Madden,  Chicago. 
James  R.  Mann,  Chicago. 
William  W.  Wilaoii,  Chicago. 
Charles  S.  Wharton,  Chicago. 
Anthony  Michalek,8  Chicago. 
William  Lorimer,  Chicago. 
Philip  Knopf,  Chicago. 
Charles  McGavin,  Chicago. 
Henry  S.  Boutell,  Chicago. 
George  E.  Foss,  Chicago. 
Howard  M.  Sriapp,  Joliet. 
Charles  E.  Fuller,  Belvidere. 
Robert  R.  Hitt,9  Mount  Morris. 
Frank  0.  Lowden,10  Oregon. 


SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


Albert  J.  Hopkins,  Aurora. 

Benjamin  F.  Marsh,11  Warsaw. 

James  McKinney,12  Aledo. 

George  W.  Prince,  Galesburg. 

Joseph  V.  Graff,  Peoria. 

John  A.  Sterling,  Bloomington. 

Joseph  G.  Cannon,  Danville. 

William  B.  McKinley,  Champaign. 

Henry  T.  Rainey,  Carrollton. 

Zeno  J.  Rives,  Litchfield. 

William  A.  Rodenberg,  East  St.  Louis. 

Frank  S.  Dickson,  Ramsey. 

Pleasant  T.  Chapman,  Vienna. 

George  W.  Smith,  Murphysboro. 


'  Died  April  21,  1905. 

2  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  death  of  Orville  H.  Platt, 
and  took  his  seat  December  5,  1905. 

3  Resigned  May  9,  1905,  having  been  elected  Senator. 

<  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  Frank  B. 
Brandegee,  and  took  his  seat  December  4,  1905. 

0  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  in  the  term  commencing  March  4, 
1905,  and  took  his  seat  December  3,  190<i:  vacancy  from 
March  4,  1905,  to  June  13, 1906,  caused  by  failure  of  legislature 
to  elect. 

6  Died  June  1C,  1900. 

7  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  death  of  Kufus  E.  Lester, 
and  took  his  seat  December  3, 1906. 


8  Protests  of  certain  citizens  of  Fifth  District  were  filed 
against  his  being  seated  upon  grounds  he  was  not  of  legal 
age  and  an  alien;  committee  reported  resolution  declaring  him 
qu  tlified   and  entitled    to   the  seat,  which  was  agreed  to 
March  6, 1906. 

9  Died  September  19, 1906. 

10  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  death  of  Robert  R.  Hitt, 
and  took  his  scat  December  3,  1900. 

11  Died  June  2,  1905. 

12  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  death  of  Benjamin  F. 
Marsh,  and  took  his  seat  December  4,  1905. 


400 


CONGRESSIONAL,  DIEECTORY. 


INDIANA. 


SENATORS. 


Albert  J.  Beveridge,  Indianapolis. 


James  A.  Hemenway,1  Boonville. 
John  H.  Foster,2  Evansville. 
John  C.  Chaney,  Sullivan. 
William  T.  Zenor,  Corydon. 
Lincoln  Dixon,  North  Vernon. 
Elias  S.  Holliday,  Brazil. 
James  E.  Watson,  Rushville. 
Jesse  Overstreet,  Indianapolis. 


IOWA. 


James  A.  Hemenway,  Boonville. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


George  W.  Cromer,  Muncie. 
Charles  B.  Landis,  Delphi. 
Edgar  D.  Crumpacker,  Valparaiso. 
Frederick  Landis,  Logansport. 
Newton  W.  Gilbert,3  Fort  Wayne. 
Clarence  C.  Gilhams,4  La  Grange. 
Abraham  L.  Brick,  South  Bend. 


SENATORS. 


William  B.  Allison,  Dubuque. 


REPRESENTATIVES . 


Thomas  Hedge,  Burlington. 
Albert  F.  Dawson,  Preston. 
Benjamin  P.  Birdsall,  Clarion. 
Gilbert  N.  Haugen,  North  wood. 
Robert  G.  Cousins,  Tipton. 
John  F.  Lacey,  Oskaloosa. 


KANSAS. 


Jonathan  P.  Dolliver,  Fort  Dodge. 

John  A.  T.  Hull,  Des  Moines. 
William  P.  Hepburn,  Clarinda. 
Walter  I.  Smith,  Council  Bluffs. 
James  P.  Conner,  Denison. 
Elbert  H.  Hubbard,  Sioux  City. 


Joseph  R.  Burton,5  Abilene. 
Alfred  W.  Benson,6  Ottawa. 
Charles  Curtis,7  Topeka. 


SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


Charles  F.  Scott,  lola. 
Charles  Curtis,8  Topeka. 
Justin  D.  Bowersock,  Lawrence. 
Philip  P.  Campbell,  Pittsburg. 


Chester  I.  Long,  Medicine  Lodge. 


James  M.  Miller,  Council  Grove. 
William  A.  Calderhead,  Marysville. 
William  A.  Reeder,  Logan. 
Victor  Murdock,  Wichita. 


KENTUCKY. 


SENATORS. 


Joseph  C.  S.  Blackburn,  Versailles. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


Ollie  M.  James,  Marion. 
Augustus  O.  Stanley,  Henderson. 
James  M.  Richardson,  Glasgow. 
David  H.  Smith,  Hodgensville. 
Swagar  Sherley,  Louisville. 
Joseph  L.  Rhinock,  Covington. 


LOUISIANA. 


James  B.  McCreary,  Richmond. 

South  Trimble,  Frankfort, 
George  G.  Gilbert,  Shelbyville. 
Joseph  P>.  Bennett,  Greenup. 
Frank  A.  Hopkins,  Prestonsburg. 
Don  C.  Edwards,  London. 


SENATORS. 


Samuel  D.  McEnery,  New  Orleans. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


Adolph  Meyer,  New  Orleans. 
Robert  C.  Davey,  New  Orleans. 
Robert  F.  Broussard,  New  Iberia. 
John  T.  Watkins,  Minden. 


MAINE. 


Murphy  J.  Foster,  Franklin. 

Joseph  E.  Ransdell,  Lake  Providence. 
Samuel  M.  Robertson,  Baton  Rouge. 
Arsene  P.  Pujo,  Lake  Charles. 


Eugene  Hale,  Ellsworth. 


SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


Amos  L.  Allen,  Alfred. 

Charles  E.  Littlefield,  Rockland. 


William  P.  Frye,  Lewiston. 

Edwin  C.  Burleigh,  Augusta. 
Llewellyn  Powers,  Houlton. 


1  Resigned  March  18, 1905,  having  been  elected  United  States 
Senator. 

2  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  James  A. 
Hemenway,  and  took  his  seat  December  4, 1905. 

3  Resigned  November  C,  1906,  having  been  appointed  judge 
In  the  Philippine  Islands. 

4  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  Nevrton 
W.  Gilbert,  and  took  his  seat  December  3, 1906. 


5  Resigned  June  4, 1906. 

6  Appointed  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  Joseph  R. 
Burton,  and  took  his  seat  June  14, 190G. 

7  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  Joseph  R. 
Burton,  and  took  his  seat  January  29,  1907. 

8  Resigned  January  28,  1907,  having  been  elected  Senator. 


FIFTY-NINTH   CONGRESS. 


401 


MARYLAND. 


SENATORS. 


Arthur  Pue  Gorman,1  Laurel. 
William  Pinkney  Whyte,2  Baltimore. 


Isidor  Rayner,  Baltimore. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


Thomas  A.  Smith,  Ridgely. 

J.  Frederick  C.  Talbott,  Towson. 

Frank  C.  Wachter,  Baltimore. 


John  Gill,  jr.,  Baltimore. 
Sydney  E.  Mudd,  La  Plata. 
George  A.  Pearre,  Cumberland. 


MASSACHUSETTS. 


W.  Murray  Crane,  Dalton. 


SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


George  P.  Lawrence,  North  Adams. 
Frederick  H.  Gillett,  Springfield. 
Rockwood  Hoar,3  Worcester. 
Charles  G.  Washburn,4  Worcester. 
Charles  Q.  Tirrell,  Natick. 
Butler  Ames,  Lowell. 
Augustus  P.  Gardner,  Hamilton. 
Ernest  W.  Roberts,  Chelsea. 


MICHIGAN. 


SENATORS. 


Julius  C.  Burrows,  Kalamazoo. 


Edwin  Denby,  Detroit. 

Charles  E.  Townsend,  Jackson. 

Washington  Gardner,  Albion. 

Edward  L.  Hamilton,  Niles. 

William  Alden  Smith,7  Grand  Rapids. 

Samuel  W.  Smith,  Pontiac. 

Henry  McMorran,  Port  Huron. 


Knute  Nelson,  Alexandria. 


MINNESOTA. 


SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


James  A.  Tawney,  Winona. 
James  T.  McCleary,  Mankato. 
Charles  R.  Davis,  St.  Peter. 
Frederick  C.  Stevens,  St.  Paul. 
Loren  Fletcher,  Minneapolis. 


Henry  Cabot  Lodge,  Nahant. 


Samuel  W.  McCall,  Winchester. 
John  A.  Keliher,  Boston. 
William  S.  McNary,  Boston. 
John  A.  Sullivan,  Boston. 
John  W.  Weeks,  Newton. 
William  S.  Greene,  Fall  River. 
William  C.  Lovering,  Taunton. 


Russell  A.  Alger,5  Detroit.    t 
William  Alden  Smith,6  Grand  Rapida. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


Joseph  W.  Fordney,  Saginaw. 
Roswell  P.  Bishop,  Ludington. 
George  A.  Loud,  Au  Sable. 
Archibald  B.  Darragh,  St.  Louia. 
H.  Olin  Young,  Ishpeming. 


Mosea  E.  Clapp,  St.  Paul. 


Clarence  B.  Buckman,  Little  Falla. 
Andrew  J.  Volstead,  Granite  Falla. 
J.  Adam  Bede,  Pine  City. 
Halvor  Steenerson,  Crookston. 


MISSISSIPPI. 


SENATORS. 


Hernando  D.  Money,  Carroll  ton. 


Ezekiel  S.  Candler,  jr.,  Corinth. 
Thomas  Spight,  Ripley. 
Benjamin  G.  Humphreys,  Greenville. 
Wilson  S.  Hill,  Winona. 


Anselm  J.  McLaurin,  Brandon. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


Adam  M.  Byrd,  Philadelphia. 
Eaton  J.  Bowers,  Bay  St.  Louis. 
Frank  A.  McLain,  Gloster. 
John  Sharp  Williams,  Yazoo. 


1  Died  June  4, 1906. 

2  Appointed  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  death  of  Arthur  Pue 
Gorman,  and  took  his  seat  June  11,  1906. 

3  Died  November  1, 1906. 

4  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  death  of  Rockwood  Hoar, 
and  took  his  seat  January  3, 1907. 


5  Died  January  24, 1907. 

6  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  death  of  Russell  A.  Alger, 
and  took  his  seat  February  11,  1907. 

7  Resigned  to  take  effect  February  9,  1907,  having  been 
elected  Senator. 


50346°— S.  Doc.  654,  61-2- 


-26 


402 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIEECTOEY. 


MISSOURI. 

SENATORS. 

William  J.  Stone,  Jefferson  City.  William  Warner,  Kansas  City. 


REPRESENTATrVES. 


James  T.  Lloyd,  Shelbyville. 
William  W.  Rucker,  Keytesville. 
Frank  B.  Klepper,  Kingston. 
Frank  B.  Fulkerson,  St.  Joseph. 
Edgar  C.  Ellis,  Kansas  City. 
David  A.  De  Armond,  Butler. 
John  Welborn,  Lexington. 
Dorsey  W.  Shacklefprd,  Jefferson  City. 
Champ  Clark,  Bowling  Green. 


Richard  Bartholdt,  St.  Louis. 
John  T.  Hunt,  St.  Louis. 
Ernest  E.  Wood,1  St.  Louis. 
Harry  M.  Coudrey,2  St.  Louis. 
Marion  E.  Rhodes,  Potosi. 
William  T.  Tyndall,  Sparta. 
Cassius  M.  Shartel,  Neosho. 
Arthur  P.  Murphy,  Rolla. 


MONTANA. 

SENATORS. 

William  A.  Clark,  Butte.  Thomas  H.  Carter,  Helena. 

REPRESENTATIVE. 

Joseph  M.  Dixon,  Missoula. 
NEBRASKA. 

SENATORS. 

Joseph  H.  Millard,  Omaha.  Elmer  J.  Burkett,  Lincoln. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 


Ernest  M.  Pollard,3  Nehawka. 
John  L.  Kennedy,  Omaha. 
John  J.  McCarthy,  Ponca. 


Edmund  H.  Hinshaw,  Fairbury. 
George  W.  Norris,  McCook. 
Moses  P.  Kinkaid,  O'Neill. 


NEVADA. 

SENATORS. 

Francis  G.  Newlands,  Reno.  George  S.  Nixon,  Winnemucca. 

REPRESENTATIVE. 

Clarence  D.  Van  Duzer,  Tonopah. 
NEW  HAMPSHIRE. 

SENATORS. 

Jacob  H.  Gallinger,  Concord.  Henry  E.  Burnham,  Manchester. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

Cyrus  A.  Sulloway,  Manchester.  Frank  D.  Currier,  Canaan. 

NEW  JERSEY. 


John  Kean,  Elizabeth. 


SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


Henry  C.  Loudenslager,  Paulsboro. 
John  J.  Gardner,  Atlantic  City. 
Benjamin  F.  Howell,  New  Brunswick. 
Ira  W.  Wood,  Trenton. 
Charles  N.  Fowler,  Elizabeth. 


John  F.  Dryden,  Newark. 


Henry  C.  Allen,  Little  Falls. 
R.  Wayne  Parker,  Newark. 
William  H.  Wiley,  East  Orange. 
Marshall  Van  Winkle,  Jersey  City. 
Allan  L.  McDermott,  Jersey  City. 


>  Served  until  June  23. 1906;  succeeded  by  Harry  M.  Coudrey,         s  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  Elmer  J. 
who  contested  his  election.  Burkett,  and  took  his  seat  December  4,  1905. 

2  Successfully  contested  the  election  of  Ernest  E.  Wood,  and 
took  his  seat  June  23,  1906. 


FIFTY-NINTH    CONGRESS. 


403 


NEW  YORK. 


SENATORS. 


Thomas  C.  Platt,  Owego. 


William  W.  Cocks,  Westbury. 
George  H.  Lindsay,  Brooklyn. 
Charles  T.  Dunwell,  Brooklyn. 
Charles  B.  Law,  Brooklyn. 
George  E.  Waldo,  Flatbush. 
William  M.  Calder,  Brooklyn. 
John  J.  Fitzgerald,  Brooklyn. 
Timothy  D.  Sullivan,1  New  York. 
Daniel  J.  Riordan,2  New  York. 
Henry  M.  Goldfogle,  New  York. 
William  Sulzer,  New  York. 
William  R.  Hearst,  New  York. 
W.  Bourke  Cockran,  New  York. 
Herbert  Parsons,  New  York. 
Charles  A.  Towne,  New  York. 
J.  Van  Vechten  Olcott,  New  York. 
Jacob  Ruppert,  jr.,  New  York. 
William  S.  Bennet,  New  York. 
Joseph  A.  Goulden,  Fordham. 


Chauncey  M.  Depew,  Peekskill. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


John  E.  Andrus,  Yonkers. 
Thomas  W7.  Bradley,  Walden. 
John  H.  Ketcham,*  Dover  Plains. 
William  H.  Draper,  Troy. 
George  N.  Southwick,  Albany. 
Frank  J.  Le  Fevre,  New  Paltz. 
Lucius  N.  Littauer,  Gloversville. 
William  H.  Flack,4  Malone. 
James  S.  Sherman,  Utica. 
Charles  L.  Knapp,  Lowville. 
Michael  E.  Driscoll,  Syracuse. 
John  W.  Dwight,  Dryden. 
Sereno  E.  Payne,  Auburn. 
James  B.  Perkins,  Rochester. 
J.  Sloat  Fassett,  Elmira. 
James  W.  Wadsworth,  Geneseo. 
William  H.  Ryan,  Buffalo. 
De  Alva  S.  Alexander,  Buffalo. 
Edward  B.  Vreeland,  Salamanca. 


NORTH  CAROLINA. 

SENATORS. 

Furnifold  McL.  Simmons,  Raleigh.  Lee  S.  Overman,  Salisbury. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


John  H.  Small,  Washington. 
Claude  Kitchin,  Scotland  Neck. 
Charles  R.  Thomas,  Newbern. 
Edward  W.  Pou,  Smithfield. 
William  W.  Kitchin,  Roxboro. 


Gilbert  B.  Patterson,  Maxton. 
Robert  N.  Page,  Biscoe. 
E.  Spencer  Blackburn,  Wilkesboro. 
Edwin  Y.  Webb,  Shelby. 
James  M.  Gudger,  jr.,  Asheville. 


NORTH  DAKOTA. 

SENATORS. 

Henry  C.  Hansbrough,  Devils  Lake.  Porter  J.  McCumber,  Wahpeton. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

Thomas  F.  Marshall,  Oakes.  Asle  J.  Gronna,  Lakota. 


OHIO. 


SENATORS. 


Joseph  B.  Foraker,  Cincinnati. 


Nicholas  Longworth,  Cincinnati. 
Herman  P.  Goebel,  Cincinnati. 
Robert  M.  Nevin,  Dayton. 
Harvey  C.  Garber,  Greenville. 
William  W.  Campbell,  Napoleon. 
Thomas  E.  Scroggy,  Xenia. 
J.  Warren  Keifer,  Springfield. 
Ralph  D.  Cole,  Findlay. 
James  H.  Southard,  Toledo. 
Henry  T.  Bannon,  Portsmouth. 
Charles  H.  Grosvenor,  Athens. 


Charles  Dick.  Akron. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


Edward  L.  Taylor,  jr.,  Columbus. 
Grant  E.  Mouser,  Marion. 
Amos  R.  Webber,  Elyria. 
Beman  G.  Dawes,  Marietta. 
Capell  L.  Weems,  St.  Clairsville. 
Martin  L.  Smyser,  Wrooster. 
James  Kennedy,  Youngstown. 
W.  Aubrey  Thomas,  Niles. 
Jacob  A.  Beidler,  Willoughby. 
Theodore  E.  Burton,  Cleveland. 


1  Resigned  July  27, 1906. 

2  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  Timothy  D. 
Sullivan,  and  took  his  seat  December  3, 1906, 


3  Died  November  5,  1906. 
<  Died  February  2,  1907. 


404 


CONGRESSIONAL,  DIEECTOEY. 


OREGON. 


SENATORS. 


John  H.  Mitchell,1  Portland. 
John  M.  Gearin,2  Portland. 
Frederick  W.  Mulkey,3  Portland. 


Charles  W.  Fulton,  Astoria. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 

Binger  Hermann,  Roseburg.  John  N.  Williamson.  Prineville. 

PENNSYLVANIA. 


Boise  Penrose,  Philadelphia. 


SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


Henry  H.  Bingham,  Philadelphia. 
Robert  Adams,4  Philadelphia. 
John  E.  Reyburn,5  Philadelphia. 
George  A.  Castor,6  Philadelphia. 
J.  Hampton  Moore,7  Philadelphia. 
Reuben  O.  Moon,  Philadelphia. 
Edward  de  V.  Morrell,  Torresdale. 
George  D.  McCreary,  Philadelphia. 
Thomas  S.  Butler,  West  Chester. 
Irvine  P.  Wanger,  Norristown. 
H.  Burd  Cassef,  Marietta. 
Thomas  H.  Dale,  Scran  ton. 
Henry  W.  Palmer,  Wilkes-Barre. 
George  R.  Patterson,8  Ashland. 
Charles  N.  Brumm,9  Pottsville. 
Marcus  C.  L.  Kline,  Allen  town. 
Mial  E.  Lilley,  Towanda. 
Elias  Deemer,  Williamsport. 


Philander  C.  Knox,  Pittsburgh. 


Edmund  W.  Samuel,  Mount  Carmel. 
Thaddeus  M.  Mahon,  Chambersburg. 
Marlin  E.  Olmsted,  Harrisburg. 
John  M.  Reynolds,  Bedford. 
Daniel  F.  Lafean,  York. 
Solomon  R.  Dresser,  Bradford. 
George  F.  Huff,  Greensburg. 
Allen  F.  Cooper,  Uniontown. 
Ernest  F.  Acneson,  Washington. 
Arthur  L.  Bates,  Meadville. 
Gustav  A.  Schneebeli,  Nazareth. 
William  0.  Smith,  Punxsutawney. 
Joseph  C.  Sibley,  Franklin. 
William  H.  Graham,  Allegheny. 
John  Dalzell,  Pittsburgh. 
James  F.  Burke,  Pittsburgh. 
Andrew  J.  Barchfeld,  Pittsburgh. 


RHODE  ISLAND. 

SENATORS. 

Nelson  W.  Aldrich,  Providence.  George  P.  Wetmore,  Newport. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

Daniel  L.  D.  Granger,  Providence.  Adin  B.  Capron,  Stillwater. 

SOUTH  CAROLINA. 


SENATORS. 


Benjamin  R.  Tillman,  Trenton. 


Asbury  C.  Latimer,  Belton. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


George  S.  Legare,10  Charleston. 
James  O.  Patterson,11  Barnwell. 
Wyatt  Aiken,  Abbeville. 
Joseph  T.  Johnson,  Spartanburg. 


David  E.  Finley,  Yorkville. 
J.  Edwin  Ellerbe,  Marion. 
Asbury  F.  Lever,12  Lexington. 


SOUTH  DAKOTA. 


Robert  J.  Gamble,  Yankton. 


Charles  H.  Burke,  Pierre. 


SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


Alfred  B.  Kittredge,  Sioux  Falls. 


Eben  W.  Martin,  Deadwood. 


i  Died  December  8, 1905. 

*  Appointed  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  death  of  John  H. 
Mitchell,  and  took  his  seat  December  21, 1905. 

»  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  death  of  John  H.  Mitch- 
ell, and  took  his  seat  January  30, 1907. 

<  Died  June  1,1 906. 

»  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  death  of  Robert  Adams, 
and  took  his  seat  December  3, 1906. 

«  Died  February  19,  1906. 


I  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  death  of  George  A.  Cas- 
tor, and  took  his  seat  December  3, 1906. 

»  Died  March  21,  1906. 

9  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  death  of  George  R.  Pat- 
terson, and  took  his  seat  December  3.  1906. 

10  Election  unsuccessfully  contested  by  Aaron  P.  Prioleau. 

II  Election  unsuccessfully  contested  by  Isaac  Myers. 

«  Election  unsuccessfully  contested  by  Charles  C.  Jacobs. 


FIFTY-NINTH   CONGEESS. 


405 


TENNESSEE. 


SENATORS. 


William  B.  Bate,1  Nashville. 
James  B.  Frazier,2  Chattanooga. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


Walter  P.  Brownlow,  Jonesboro. 
Nathan  W.  Hale,  Knoxville. 
John  A.  Moon,  Chattanooga. 
Mounce  G.  Butler,  Gainesboro. 
William  C.  Houston,  Woodbury. 


TEXAS. 


SENATORS. 


Charles  A.  Culberson,  Dallas. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


Morris  Sheppard,  Texarkana. 
Moses  L.  Broocks,4  San  Augustine. 
Gordon  Russell,  Tyler. 
Choice  B.  Randell,  Sherman. 
Jack  Beall,  Waxahachie. 
Scott  Field,  Calvert. 
Alexander  W.  Gregg,  Palestine. 
John  M.  Pinckney,5  Hempstead. 
John  M.  Moore,6  Richmond. 


UTAH. 


SENATORS. 


Reed  Smoot,  Provo  City. 


Edward  W.  Carmack,  Memphis. 


John  W.  Gaines,  Nashville. 
Lemuel  P.  Padgett,  Columbia. 
Thetus  W.  Sims,  Linden. 
Finis  J.  Garrett,  Dresden. 
Malcolm  R.  Patterson,3  Memphis. 


Joseph  W.  Bailey,  Gainesville. 

George  F.  Burgess,  Gonzales. 
Albert  S.  Burleson,  Austin. 
Robert  L.  Henry,  Waco. 
Oscar  W.  Gillespie,  Fort  Worth. 
John  H.  Stephens,  Vernon. 
James  L.  Slayden,  San  Antonio. 
John  N.  Garner,  Uvalde. 
William  R.  Smith,  Colorado. 


George  Sutherland,  Salt  Lake  City. 


REPRESENTATIVE . 

Joseph  Howell,  Logan. 
VERMONT. 

SENATORS. 

Redfield  Proctor,  Proctor.  William  P.  Dillingham,  Waterbury. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

David  J.  Foster,  Burlington.  Kittredge  Haskins,  Brattleboro. 

VIRGINIA. 

SENATORS. 

John  W.  Daniel,  Lynchburg.  Thomas  S.  Martin,  Charlottesville. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

William  A.  Jones,  Warsaw.  Carter  Glass,  Lynchburg. 

Harry  L.  Maynard,  Portsmouth.  James  Hay,  Madison. 

John  Lamb,  Richmond.  John  F.  Rixey,9  Brandy. 

Robert  G.  Southall,  Amelia.  Campbell  Slemp,  Big  Stone  Gap. 

Claude  A.  Swanson,7  Chatham.  Henry  D.  Flood,  Appomattox. 
E.  Watts  Saunders,8  Clark  Hill. 


WASHINGTON. 

SENATORS. 

Levi  Ankeny,  Walla  Walla.  Samuel  H.  Piles,  Seattle. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 


Wesley  L.  Jones,  North  Yakima. 
Francis  W.  Cushman,  Tacoma. 


William  E.  Humphrey,  Seattle. 


>  Died  March  9, 1905. 

2  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  death  of  William  B.  Bate, 
and  took  his  seat  December  4,  1905. 

3  Resigned  November  5. 1906,  having  been  elected  Governor. 

4  Election  unsuccessfully  contested  by  A.  J.  Houston. 
'•>  Died  April  24,  1905. 

8  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  death  of  John  M.  Pinck- 
ney, and  took  his  seat  December  4, 1905. 


7  Resigned  to  take  effect  January  30,  1906,  having  been 
elected  Governor. 

8  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  Claude  A. 
Swanson,  and  took  his  seat  December  3,  1906. 

» Died  February  8, 1907. 


406 


CONGRESSIONAL   DIRECTORY. 


WEST  VIRGINIA. 

SENATORS. 


Stephen  B.  Elkins,  Elkins. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


Blackburn  B.  Dovener,  Wheeling. 
Alston  G.  Dayton,1  Philippi. 
Thomas  B.  Davis,2  Keyser. 


John  C.  Spooner,  Madison. 


WISCONSIN. 

SENATORS. 
REPRESENTATIVES. 


Henry  A.  Cooper,  Racine. 
Henry  C.  Adams,3  Madison. 
John  M.  Nelson,4  Madison. 
Joseph  W-  Babcock,  Necedah. 
Theobold  Otjen,  Milwaukee. 
William  H.  Stafford,  Milwaukee. 


Nathan  B.  Scott,  Wheeling. 


Joseph  Holt  Gaines,  Charleston. 
Harry  C.  Woodyard,  Spencer. 
James  A.  Hughes,  Huntington. 


Robert  M.  La  Follette,  Madison. 


Charles  H.  Weisse,  Sheboygan  Falls. 
John  J.  Esch,  La  Crosse. 
James  H.  Davidson,  Oshkosh. 
Edward  S.  Minor,  Sturgeon  Bay. 
Webster  E.  Brown,  Rhinelander. 
John  J.  Jenkins,  Chippewa  Falls. 


WYOMING. 

SENATORS. 

Francis  E.  Warren,  Cheyenne.  Clarence  D.  Clark,  Evanston. 

REPRESENTATIVE. 

Frank  W.  Mondell,  Newcastle. 
TERRITORY  OF  ALASKA.5 

DELEGATE. 

Frank  H.  Waskey,6  Nome. 
TERRITORY  OF  ARIZONA. 

DELEGATE. 

Marcus  A.  Smith,  Tucson. 
TERRITORY  OF  HAWAII. 

DELEGATE. 

Jonah  K.  Kalanianaole,7  Waikiki. 
TERRITORY  OF  NEW  MEXICO. 

DELEGATE. 

William  H.  Andrews,  Albuquerque. 
TERRITORY  OF  OKLAHOMA. 

DELEGATE. 

Bird  S.  McGuire,  Pawnee. 
PORTO  RICO. 

RESIDENT  COMMISSIONER. 

Tulio  Larrinaga,  San  Juan. 


1  Resigned  March  16,  1905,  having  been  appointed  United 
States  district  judge. 


5  Formed  from  territory  ceded  to  the  United  States  by  Rus- 
sia by  treaty  of  March  30,  1867;  granted  a  civil  government 


2  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  Alston  G.      without  representation  in  Congress,  by  act  o::  May  17,18K4; 


Dayton,  and  took  his  seat  December  4, 1905. 

s  Died  July  9,  1906. 

4  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  death  of  Henry  C.  Adams 
and  took  his  seat  December  3,  1906. 


granted  the  right  to  Delegate  representat:on    n  Congress,  bv 
Act  of  May  8,  1906. 

s  Took  his  seat  December  3,  1906. 

'  Election  unsuccessfully  contested  by  Curtis  P.  laokea. 


SIXTIETH  CONGRESS. 


MARCH  4,  1907,  TO  MARCH   3,  1909. 


FIRST  SESSION— December  2,  1907,  to  May  30,  1908.    SECOND  SESSION— December  7, 

1908,  to  March  3,  1909. 


VICE-PEE SIDENT— Charles  W.  Fairbanks,  of  Indiana.  PRESIDENT  OF  THE  SENATE 
PRO  TEMPORE — William  P.  Frye,1  of  Maine.  SECRETARY  OF  THE  SENATE — Charles  G. 
Bennett,  of  New  York. 

SPEAKER  OF  THE  HOUSE— Joseph   G.    Cannon,    of  Illinois.     CLERK  OF  THE   HOUSE— 

Alexander  McDowell,  of  Pennsylvania. 


John  T.  Morgan,2  Selma. 
John  H.  Bankhead,3  Fayette. 

George  W.  Taylor,  Demopolis. 
Ariosto  A.  Wiley,6  Montgomery. 
Oliver  C.  Wiley,7  Troy. 
Henry  D.  Clayton,  Eufaula. 
William  B.  Craig,  Selma. 


ALABAMA. 


SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


ARKANSAS. 


SENATORS. 


James  P.  Clarke,  Little  Rock. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


Robert  3.  Macon,  Helena. 
Stephen  Brundidge,  jr.,  Searcy. 
John  C.  Floyd,  Yellville. 
William  B.  Cravens,  Fort  Smith. 


Edmund  W.  Pettus,4  Selma. 
Joseph  F.  Johnston,5  Birmingham. 

James  T.  Heflin,  Lafayette. 
Richmond  P.  Hobson,  Greensboro. 
John  L.  Burnett,  Gadsden. 
William  Richardson,  Huntsville. 
Oscar  W.  Underwood,  Birmingham. 


Jeff  Davis,  Little  Rock. 

Charles  C.  Reid,  Morrillton. 
Joseph  T.  Robinson,  Lonoke. 
Robert  M.  Wallace,  Magnolia. 


CALIFORNIA. 


George  C.  Perkins,  Oakland. 


SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


William  F.  Englebright,  Nevada  City. 
Duncan  E.  McKinlay,  Santa  Rosa. 
Joseph  R.  Knowland,  Alameda. 
Julius  Kahn,  San  Francisco. 

COLORADO. 


Frank  P.  Flint,  Los  Angeles. 

Everis  A.  Hayes,  San  Jose. 
James  C.  Needham,  Modesto. 
James  McLachlan,  Pasadena. 
Sylvester  C.  Smith,  Bakersfield. 


SENATORS. 
.     Henry  M.  Teller,  Central  City.  Simon  Guggenheim,  Denver. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

George  W.  Cook,  Denver.  Warren  A.  Haggott,  Idaho  Springs. 

Robert  W.  Bonynge,  Denver. 


i  Elected  December  5,  1907. 
»  Died  June  11, 1907. 

3  Appointed  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  death  of  John  T.  Mor- 
gan, and  took  his  seat  January  13,  1908;  subsequently  elected. 
<  Died  July  27, 1907. 


6  Elected  to  nil  vacancy  caused  by  death  of  Edmund  W. 
Pettus,  and  took  his  seat  December  3,  1907. 

«  Died  June  17,  1908. 

i  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  death  of  Ariosto  A.  Wiley, 
and  took  his  seat  December  7, 1908. 

407 


408 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 


CONNECTICUT. 

SENATORS. 

Morgan  G.  Bulkeley,  Hartford.  Frank  B.  Brandegee,  New  London. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

George  L.  Lilley,1  Waterbury.  Edwin  W.  Higgins,  Norwich. 

E.  Stevens  Henry,  Rockville. 
Nehemiah  D.  Sperry,  New  Haven. 


Ebenezer  J.  Hill,  Norwalk. 


DELAWARE. 


SENATORS. 


Henry  A.  du  Pont,  Winterthur. 


Harry  A.  Richardson,  Dover. 


REPRESENTATIVE . 

Hiram  R.  Burton,  Lewes. 
FLORIDA. 

SENATORS. 


Stephen  R.  Mallory,2  Pensacpla. 
William  J.  Bryan,3  Jacksonville. 
William  H.  Milton,4  Marianna. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


Stephen  M.  Sparkman,  Tampa. 
Frank  Clark,  Gainesville. 


Augustus  O.  Bacon,  Macon. 


GEORGIA. 


SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


Charles  G.  Edwards,  Savannah. 
James  M.  Griggs,  Dawson. 
Elijah  B.  Lewis,  Montezuma. 
William  C.  Adamson,  Carrollton. 
Leonidas  F.  Livingston,  Covington. 
Charles  L.  Bartlett,  Macon. 


James  P.  Taliaferro,  Jacksonville. 


William  B.  Lamar,  Monticello. 


Alexander  S.  Clay,  Marietta. 

Gordon  Lee,  Chickamauga. 
William  M.  Howard,  Lexington. 
Thomas  M.  Bell,  Gainesville. 
Thomas  W.  Hardwick,  Sandersville. 
William  G.  Brantley,  Brunswick. 


IDAHO. 

SENATORS. 

Weldon  B.  Heyburn,  Wallace.  William  E.  Borah,  Boise. 

REPRESENTATIVE. 

Burton  L.  French,  Moscow. 
ILLINOIS. 


Shelby  M.  Cullom,  Springfield. 

Martin  B.  Madden,  Chicago. 
James  R.  Mann,  Chicago. 
William  W.  Wilson,  Chicago. 
James  T.  McDermott,  Chicago. 
Adolph  J.  Sabath,5  Chicago. 
William  Lorimer,  Chicago. 
Philip  Knopf,  Chicago. 
Charles  McGavin,6  Chicago. 
Henry  S.  Boutell,  Chicago. 
George  E.  FOBS,  Chicago. 
Howard  M.  Snapp,  Joliet. 
Charles  E.  Fuller,  Belvidere. 
Frank  O.  Lowden,  Oregon. 


SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


Albert  J.  Hopkins,  Aurora. 

James  McKinney,  Aledo. 
George  W.  Prince,  Galesburg. 
Joseph  V.  Graff,  Peoria. 
John  A.  Sterling,  Bloomington. 
Joseph  G.  Cannon,  Danville. 
William  B.  McKinley,  Champaign. 
Henry  T.  Rainey,  Carrollton. 
Benjamin  F.  Caldwell,  Chatham. 
William  A.  Rodenberg,  East  St.  Louis. 
Martin  D.  Foster,  Olney. 
Pleasant  T.  Chapman,  Vienna. 
George  W.  Smith,7  Murphysboro. 
Napoleon  B.  Thistlewood,8  Cairo. 


1  By  resolution  of  January  20, 1909,  seat  was  declared  to  have 
been  vacated  January  6,  1909,  lor  the  reason  that  incumbent 
had  entered  upon  the  duties  of  the  office  of  governor  of  Con- 
necticut the  preceding  day. 

»  Died  December  23, 1907. 

3  Appointed  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  death  of  Stephen  R. 
Mallory,  and  took  his  seat  January  9, 1908;  died  March  22, 1908. 

4  Appointed  to  fill  vacancy  in  the  term  commencing  March  4, 


1903,  caused  by  deaths  of  Stephen  R.  Mallory  and  William  J. 
Bryan,  and  took  his  seat  April  6,  1908. 

6  Election  unsuccessfully  contested  by  Anthony  Michalek. 
*  Election  unsuccessfully  contested  by  Stanley  H.  Kunz. 

7  Died  November  30,  1907. 

8  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  death  of  George  W. 
Smith,  and  took  his  seat  February  26, 1908. 


SIXTIETH    CONGRESS. 


409 


INDIANA. 


SENATORS. 


Albert  J.  Beveridge,  Indianapolis. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


John  H.  Foster,  Evansville. 
John  C.  Chaney,  Sullivan. 
William  E.  Cox,  Jasper. 
Lincoln  Dixon,  North  Vernon. 
Elias  S.  Holliday,  Brazil. 
James  E.  Watson,  Rushville. 
Jesse  Overstreet,  Indianapolis. 


IOWA. 


James  A.  Hemenway,  Boonville. 

John  A.  M.  Adair,  Portland. 
Charles  B.  Landis,  Delphi. 
Edgar  D.  Crumpacker,  Valparaiso. 
George  W.  Ranch,  Marion. 
Clarence  C.  Gilhams,  La  Grange. 
Albraham  L.  Brick,1  South  Bend. 
Henry  A.  Barnhart,2  Rochester. 


SENATORS. 


William  B.  Allison,3  Dubuque. 
Albert  B.  Cummins,4  Des  Moines. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


Charles  A.  Kennedy,  Montrose. 
Albert  F.  Dawson,  Preston. 
Benjamin  P.  Birdsall,  Clarion. 
Gilbert  N.  Haugen,  North  wood. 
Robert  G.  Cousins,  Tipton. 
Daniel  W.  Hamilton,  Sigourney. 


KANSAS. 


Jonathan  P.  Dolliver,  Fort  Dodge. 


John  A.  T.  Hull,  Des  Moines. 
William  P.  Hepburn,  Clarinda. 
Walter  I.  Smith,  Council  Bluffs. 
James  P.  Conner,  Denison. 
Elbert  H.  Hubbard,  Sioux  City. 


SENATORS. 

Chester  I.  Long,  Medicine  Lodge. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

Daniel  R.  Anthony,5  jr.,  Leaven  worth. 
Charles  F.  Scott,  lola. 
Philip  P.  Campbell,  Pittsburg. 
James  M.  Miller,  Council  Grove. 

KENTUCKY. 


Charles  Curtis,  Topeka. 

William  A.  Calderhead,  Marysville. 
William  A.  Reeder,  Logan. 
Edmond  H.  Madison,  Dodge  City. 
Victor  Murdock,  Wichita. 


SENATORS. 


James  B.  McCreary,  Richmond. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


Ollie  M.  James,  Marion. 
Augustus  0.  Stanley,  Henderson. 
Addison  D.  James,  Penrod. 
Ben  Johnson,  Bardstown. 
Swagar  Sherley,  Louisville. 
Joseph  L.  Rhinock,  Covington. 


LOUISIANA. 


SENATORS. 


Samuel  D.  McEnery,  New  Orleans. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


Adolph  Meyer,6  New  Orleans. 
Albert  Estopinal,7  St.  Bernard. 
Robert  C.  Davey,8  New  Orleans. 
Robert  F.  Broussard,  New  Iberia. 


MAINE. 


SENATORS. 

Eugene  Hale,  Ellsworth. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

Amos  L.  Allen,  Alfred. 

Charles  E.  Littlefield,9  Rockland. 

John  P.  Swasey,10  Canton. 


Thomas  H.  Paynter,  Greenup. 

William  P.  Kimball,  Lexington. 
Harvey  Helm,  Stanford. 
Joseph  B.  Bennett,  Greenup. 
John  W.  Langley,  Spurlock. 
Don  C.  Edwards,  London. 


Murphy  J.  Foster,  Franklin. 

John  T.  Watkins,  Mindeu. 
Joseph  E.  Ransdell,  Lake  Providence. 
George  K.  Fayrot,  Baton  Rouge. 
Arsene  P.  Pujo,  Lake  Charles. 


William  P.  Frye,  Lewiston. 

Edwin  C.  Burleigh,  Augusta. 
Llewellyn  Powers,11  Houlton. 
Frank  E.  Guernsey,12  Dover. 


1  Died  April  7, 1908. 

2  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  death  of  Abraham  L. 
Brick,  and  took  his  seat  December  7, 1908. 

3  Died  August  4,  1908. 

« Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  death  of  William  B. 
Allison,  and  took  his  seat  December  8, 1908. 

0  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  Charles 
Curtis,  in  preceding  Congress,  and  took  his  seat  December  2, 
1907. 

«  Died  March  8,  1908. 


7  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  death  of  Adolph  Meyer 
and  took  his  seat  December  7,  1908. 

8  Died  December  26,  1908. 

»  Resigned,  to  take  effect  September  30,  1908. 
w  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  Charles  E. 
Littlefield,  and  took  his  seat  December  7,  1908. 

11  Died  July  28,  1908. 

12  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  death  of   Llewellyn 
Powers,  and  took  his  seat  December  7, 1908. 


410 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 


MARYLAND. 


SENATORS. 


Isidor  Rayner,  Baltimore. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


William  H.  Jackson,  Salisbury. 
J.  Frederick  0.  Talbott,  Towson. 
Harry  B.  Wolf,  Baltimore. 


William  Pinkney  Why te,1  Baltimore. 
John  Walter  Smith,2  Snow  Hill. 

John  Gill,  jr.,  Baltimore. 
Sydney  E.  Mudd,  La  Plata. 
George  A.  Pearre,  Cumberland 


MASSACHUSETTS. 


Henry  Cabot  Lodge,  Nahant. 


SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


George  P.  Lawrence,  North  Adams. 
Frederick  H.  Gillett,  Springfield. 
Charles  G.  Washburn,  Worcester. 
Charles  Q.  Tirrell,  Natick. 
Butler  Ames,  Lowell. 
Augustus  P.  Gardner,  Hamilton. 
Ernest  W.  Roberts,  Chelsea. 


Julius  C.  Burrows,  Kalamazoo. 

Edwin  Denby,  Detroit. 
Charles  E.  Townsend,  Jackson. 
Washington  Gardner,  Albion. 
Edward  L.  Hamilton,  Niles. 
Gerrit  J.  Diekema,3  Holland. 
Samuel  W.  Smith,  Pontiac. 


MICHIGAN. 


SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


W.  Murray  Crane,  Daltcm. 

Samuel  W.  McCall,  Winchester. 
John  A.  Keliher,  Boston. 
Joseph  F.  O 'Council,  Boston. 
Andrew  J.  Peters,  Boston. 
John  W.  Weeks,  Newton. 
William  S.  Greene,  Fall  Paver. 
William  C.  Lovering,  Taunton. 


William  Alden  Smith,  Grand  Rapida 

Henry  McMorran,  Port  Huron. 
Joseph  W.  Fordney,  Saginaw. 
James  C.  McLaughlin,  Muskegon. 
George  A.  Loud,  Au  Sable. 
Archibald  B.  Darragh,  St.  Louis. 
H.  Olin  Young,  Ishpeming. 


MINNESOTA. 


Knute  Nelson,  Alexandria. 


SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


James  A.  Tawney,  Winona. 
Winfield  S.  Hammond,  St.  James. 
Charles  R.  Davis,  St.  Peter. 
Frederick  C.  Stevens,  St.  Paul. 
Frank  M.  Nye,  Minneapolis. 

MISSISSIPPI. 


Moses  E.  Clapp,  St.  Paul. 

Charles  A.  Lindbergh,  Little  Falls. 
Andrew  J.  Volstead,  Granite  Falls. 
J.  Adam  Bede,  Pine  City. 
Halvor  Steenerson,  Crookston. 


SENATORS. 

Hernando  D.  Money,  Mississippi  City. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

Ezekiel  S.  Candler,  jr.,  Corinth. 
Thomas  Spight,  Ripley. 
Benjamin  G.  Humphreys,  Greenville. 
Wilson  S.  Hill,  Winona. 

MISSOURI. 


Anselm  J.  McLaurin,  Brandon. 


Adam  M.  Byrd,  Philadelphia. 
Eaton  J.  Bowers,  Bay  St.  Louis. 
Frank  A.  McLain,  Gloster. 
John  Sharp  Williams,  Yazoo. 


SENATORS. 
William  J.  Stone,  Jefferson  City. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

James  T.  Lloyd,  Shelby ville. 
William  W.  Rucker,  Key tes ville. 
Joshua  W.  Alexander,  Gallatin. 
Charles  F.  Bpoher,  Savannah. 
Edgar  C.  Ellis,  Kansas  City. 
David  A.  De  Armond,  Butler. 
Courtney  W.  Hamlin,  Springfield. 
Dorsey  W.  Shackleford,  Jefferson  City. 


William  Warner,  Kansas  City. 

Champ  Clark,  Bowling  Green. 
Richard  Bartholdt,  St.  Louis. 
Henry  S.  Caulfield,  St.  Louis. 
Harry  M.  Coudrey,  St.  Louis. 
Madison  R.  Smith,  Farmington. 
Joseph  J.  Russell,  Charleston. 
Thomas  Hackney,  Carthage. 
Robert  Lamar,  Houston. 


1  Died  March  17,  1908. 

2  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  death  of  William  Pinkney 
Whyte,  and  took  his  seat  March  26, 1908. 


'  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  William 
Alden  Smith,  hi  preceding  Congress,  and  took  his  seat  Decem- 
ber 2,  1907. 


SIXTIETH   CONGRESS. 


411 


MONTANA. 

SENATORS. 

Thomas  H.  Carter,  Helena.  Joseph  M.  Dixon,  Missoula. 

REPRESENTATIVE. 

Charles  N.  Pray,  Fort  Benton.    . 
NEBRASKA. 

SENATORS. 

Elmer  J.  Burkett,  Lincoln.  Norria  Brown,  Kearney. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

Ernest  M.  Pollard,  Nehawka.  Edmund  H.  Hinshaw,  Fairbury. 

Gilbert  M.  Hitchcock,  Omaha.  GeorgeJW^  Nqrris,  McCook. 

John  F.  Boyd,  Neligh. 


Moses  P.  Kinkaid,  O'Neil. 


NEVADA. 

SENATORS. 

Francis  G.  Newlands,  Reno.  George  S.  Nixon,  Reno. 

REPRESENTATIVE. 

George  A.  Bartlett,  Tonopah. 
NEW  HAMPSHIRE. 

SENATORS. 

Jacob  H.  Gallinger,  Concord.  Henry  E.  Burnham,  Manchester. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

Cyrus  A.  Sulloway,  Manchester.  Frank  D.  Currier,  Canaan. 

NEW  JERSEY. 


John  Kean,  Elizabeth. 


SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES'. 


Henry  C.  Loudenslager,  Paulsboro. 
John  J.  Gardner,  Atlantic  City. 
Benjamin  F.  Howell,  New  Brunswick. 
Ira  W.  Wood,  Trenton. 
Charles  N.  Fowler,  Elizabeth. 


Thomas  C.  Platt,  Owego. 


NEW  YORK. 


SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


William  W.  Cocks,  Westbury. 
George  H.  Lindsay,  Brooklyn. 
Charles  T.  Dunwell,1  Brooklyn. 
Otto  G.  Foelker,2  Brooklyn. 
Charles  B.  Law,  Brooklyn. 
George  E.  Waldo,  Brooklyn. 
William  M.  Calder,  Brooklyn. 
John  J.  Fitzgerald,  Brooklyn. 
Daniel  J.  Riordan,  New  York. 
Henry  M.  Goldfogle,  New  York. 
William  Sulzer,  New  York. 
Charles  V.  Fornes,  New  York. 
W.  Bourke  Cochran,  New  York. 
Herbert  Parsons,  New  York. 
William  Willett,  jr.,  Far  Rockaway. 
J.  Van  Vechten  Olcott,  New  York. 
Francis  B.  Harrison,  New  York. 
William  S.  Bennet,  New  York. 
Joseph  A.  Goulden,  Fordham. 


Frank  0.  Briggs,  Trenton. 


William  Hughes,  Paterson. 
Richard  Wayne  Parker,  Newark. 
Le  Gage  Pratt,  East  Orange. 
Eugene  W.  Leake,  Jersey  City. 
James  A.  Hamill,  Jersey  City. 


Chauncey  M.  Depew,  Peekskill. 

John  E.  Andrus,  Yonkers. 
Thomas  W.  Bradley,  Walden. 
Samuel  McMillan,  Lake  Mahopac. 
William  H.  Draper,  Troy. 
George  N.  Southwick,  Albany. 
George  W.  Fairchild,  Oneonta. 
Cyrus  Durey,  Johnstown. 
George  R.  Malby,  Ogdensburg. 
James  S.  Sherman,  Utica. 
Charles  L.  Knapp,  Lowville. 
Michael  E.  Driscoll,  Syracuse. 
John  W.  Dwight,  Dryden. 
Sereno  E.  Payne,  Auburn. 
James  B.  Perkins,  Rochester. 
J.  Sloat  Fassett,  Elmira. 
Peter  A.  Porter,  Niagara  Falls. 
William  H.  Ryan,  Buffalo. 
De  Alva  S.  Alexander,  Buffalo. 
Edward  B.  Vreeland,  Salamanca. 


»  Died  June  12, 1908. 


2  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  death  of  Charles  T.  Dun- 
well,  and  took  his  seat  December  7,  1908. 


412 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 


NORTH  CAROLINA. 

SENATORS. 


Furnifold  McL.  Simmons,  Trenton. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


John  H.  Small,  Washington. 
Claude  Kitchin,  Scotland  Neck. 
Charles  R.  Thomas,  Newbern. 
Edward  W.  Pou,  Smithfield. 
William  W.  Kitchin,1  Roxboro. 


Lee  S.  Overman,  Salisbury. 

Hannibal  L.  Godwin,  Dunn. 
Robert  N.  Page,  Biscoe. 
Richard  N.  Hackett,  Wilkesboro. 
Edwin  Y.  Webb,  Shelby. 
William  T.  Crawford,  Waynesville. 


NORTH  DAKOTA. 

SENATORS. 

Henry  C.  Hansbrough,  Devils  Lake.  Porter  J.  McCumber,  Wahpeton. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

Thomas  F.  Marshall,  Oakes.  Asle  J.  Gronna,  Lakota. 

OHIO. 


SENATORS. 


Joseph  B.  Foraker,  Cincinnati. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


Nicholas  Longworth,  Cincinnati. 
Herman  P.  Goebel,  Cincinnati. 
J.  Eugene  Harding,  Excello. 
William  E.  Tou  Velle,  Celina. 
Timothy  T.  Ansberry,  Defiance. 
Matthew  R.  Denver,  Wilmington. 
J.  Warren  Keifer,  Springfield. 
Ralph  D.  Cole,  Findlay. 
Isaac  R.  Sherwood,  Toledo. 
Henry  T.  Bannon,  Portsmouth. 
Albert  Douglas,  Chillicothe. 


OKLAHOMA.2 


Thomas  P.  Gore,3  Lawton. 


SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES.5 


Bird  S.  McGuire,  Pawnee. 
Elmer  L.  Fulton,  Oklahoma  City. 
James  S.  Davenport,  Vinita. 


Charles  W.  Fulton,  Astoria. 
Willis  C.  Hawley,  Salem. 


OREGON. 


SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


Charles  Dick,  Akron. 


Edward  L.  Taylor,  jr.,  Columbus. 
Grant  E.  Mquser,  Marion. 
J.  Ford  Laning,  Norwalk. 
Beman  G.  Dawes,  Marietta. 
Capell  L.  Weems,  St.  Clairsville. 
William  A.  Ashbrook,  Johnstown. 
James  Kennedy,  Youngstown. 
W.  Aubrey  Thomas,  Niles. 
Paul  Howland,  Cleveland. 
Theodore  E.  Burton,  Cleveland. 


Robert  L.  Owen,4  Muskogee. 

Charles  D.  Carter,  Ardmore. 
Scott  Ferris,  Lawton. 


Jonathan  Bourne,  jr.,  Portland. 
William  R.  Ellis,  Pendleton. 


PENNSYLVANIA. 


Boies  Penrose,  Philadelphia. 


SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


Henry  H.  Bingham,  Philadelphia. 
John  E.  Reyburn,6  Philadelphia. 
Joel  Cook,7  Philadelphia. 
J.  Hampton  Moore,  Philadelphia. 
Reuben  O.  Moon,  Philadelphia. 
William  W.  Foulkrod,  Philadelphia. 
George  D.  McCreary,  Philadelphia. 


Philander  C.  Knox,  Pittsburgh. 

Thomas  S.  Butler,  West  Chester. 
Irving  P.  Wanger,  Norristown. 
H.  Burd  Cassel,  Marietta. 
Thomas  D.  Nicholls,  Scranton. 
John  T.  Lenahan,  Wilkes-Barre. 
Charles  N.  Brumm,8  Minersville. 
John  H.  Rothermel,  Reading. 


1  Resigned,  to  take  effect  January  11, 1909,  having  been 
elected  Governor. 

2  Admitted  as  a  State  into  the  Union  November  16,  1907. 

8  Took  his  seat  December  16,  1907;  term  to  expire,  as  deter- 
mined by  lot,  March  3,  1909. 

4  Took  his  seat  December  16,  1907;  term  to  expire,  as  deter- 
mined by  lot,  March  3.  1913. 


0  All  representatives  took  their  seats  December  2,  1907. 

6  Resigned   March  31,  1907,  having  been  elected  mayor  of 
Philadelphia. 

7  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  John  E. 
Reyburn,  and  took  his  seat  December  2,  1907. 

8  Resigned  January  4,  1909. 


SIXTIETH   CONGRESS. 


413 


George  W.  Kipp,  Towanda. 
William  B.  Wilson,  Blossburg. 
John  G.  McIIenry,  Benton. 
Benjamin  K.  Focht,  Lewisburg. 
Marlin  E.  Olmsted,  Harrisburg. 
John  M.  Reynolds,  Bedford. 
Daniel  F.  Lafean,  York. 
Charles  F.  Barclay,  Sinnemahoning. 
George  F.  Huff,  Greensburg. 
Allen  F.  Cooper,  Uniontown. 


Ernest  F.  Acheson,  Washington. 

Arthur  L.  Bates,  Meadville. 

J.  Davis  Brodhead,  South  Bethlehem. 

Joseph  G.  Beale,  Leechburg. 

Nelson  P.  Wheeler,  Endeavor. 

William  H.  Graham,  Allegheny. 

John  Dalzell,  Pittsburgh. 

James  Francis  Burke,  Pittsburgh. 

Andrew  J.  Barchfeld,  Pittsburgh. 


RHODE    ISLAND. 

SENATORS. 

Nelson  W.  Aldrich,  Providence.  George  P.  Wetmore,  Newport. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

Daniel  L.  D.  Granger,1  Providence.  Adin  B.  Capron,  Stillwater. 

SOUTH  CAROLINA. 


SENATORS. 


Benjamin  R.  Tillman,  Trenton. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


George  S.  Legare,4  Charleston. 
James  O.  Patterson,5  Barnwell. 
Wyatt  Aiken,  Abbeville. 
Joseph  T.  Johnson,  Spartanburg. 


Asbury  C.  Latimer,2  Bel  ton. 
Frank  B.  Gary,3  Abbeville. 


David  E.  Finley,  Yorkville. 
J.  Edwin  Ellerbe,  Marion. 
Asbury  F.  Lever,6  Lexington. 


SOUTH  DAKOTA. 

SENATORS. 

Robert  J.  Gamble,  Yankton.  Alfred  B.  Kittredge,  Sioux  Falls. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

Philo  Hall,  Brookings.  William  H.  Parker/  Deadwood. 


TENNESSEE. 


SENATORS. 


James  B.  Frazier,  Chattanooga. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


Walter  P.  Brownlow,  Jonesboro. 
Nathan  W.  Hale,  Knoxville. 
John  A.  Moon,  Chattanooga. 
Cordell  Hull,  Carthage. 
William  C.  Houston,  Woodbury. 


Eben  W.  Martin,8  Deadwood. 


Robert  L.  Taylor,  Nashville. 


John  W.  Gaines,  Nashville. 
Lemuel  P.  Padgett,  Columbia. 
Thetus  W.  Sims,  Linden . 
Finis  J.  Garrett,  Dresden. 
George  W.  Gordon,  Memphis. 


TEXAS. 


Charles  A.  Culberson,  Dallas. 

Morris  Sheppard,  Texarkana. 
Sam  B.  Cooper,  Beaumont. 
Gordon  Russell,  Tyler. 
Choice  B.  Randell,  Sherman. 
Jack  Beall,  Wexahachie. 
Rufus  Hardy,  Corsicana. 
Alexander  W.  Gregg,  Palestine. 
John  M.  Moore,  Richmond. 


SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


Joseph  W.  Bailey,  Gainesville. 

George  F.  Burgess,  Gonzales. 
Albert  S.  Burleson,  Austin. 
Robert  L.  Henry,  Waco. 
Oscar  W.  Gillespie,  Fort  Worth. 
John  H.  Stephens,  Vernon. 
James  L.  Slayden,  San  Antonio. 
John  N.  Garner,  Uvalde. 
William  R.  Smith,  Colorado. 


1  Died  February  14, 1909. 

2  Died  February  20,  1908. 

a  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  death  of    Asbury  C. 
Latimer,  and  took  his  seat  March  16,  1908. 
«  Election  unsuccessfully  contested  by  Aaron  P.  Prioleati. 


s  Election  unsuccessfully  contested  by  Isaac  Myers. 
6  Election  unsuccessfully  contested  by  Alexander  D.  Dantzer. 
^  Died  June  26,  1908. 

«  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  death  of  William  H. 
Parker,  and  took  his  seat  December  7, 1908. 


414 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 
UTAH. 


Reed  Smoot,  Provo  City. 


SENATORS. 

George  Sutherland,  Salt  Lake  City. 

REPRESENTATIVE. 

Joseph  Howell,  Logan. 
VERMONT. 

SENATORS. 

Redfield  Proctor,1  Proctor.  William  P.  Dillingham,  Waterbury. 

John  W.  Stewart,2  Middlebury. 
Carroll  S.  Page,3  Hyde  Park. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

David  J.  Foster,  Burlington.  Kittredge  Haskins,  Brattleboro. 

VIRGINIA. 


John  W.  Daniel,  Lynchburg. 


SENATORS. 


BEPBE8ENTATIVES. 


William  A.  Jones,  Warsaw. 
Harry  L.  Maynard,  Portsmouth. 
John  Lamb,  Richmond. 
Francis  R.  Lassiter,  Petersburg. 
Edward  W.  Saunders,  Bleak  Hill. 
Carter  Glass,  Lynchburg. 


Thomas  S.  Martin,  Charlottesville. 


James  Hay,  Madison. 
Charles  C.  Carlin,4  Alexandria. 
Campbell  B.  Slemp,5  Big  Stone  Gap. 
C.  Bascom  Slemp,6  Big  Stone  Gap. 
Henry  D.  Flood,  Appomattox. 


WASHINGTON. 

SENATORS. 

Levi  Ankeny,  Walla  Walla.  Samuel  H.  Piles,  Seattle. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

Wesley  L.  Jones,  North  Yakima.  William  E.  Humphrey,  Seattle. 

Francis  W.  Cushman,  Tacoma. 

WEST    VIRGINIA- 

SENATORS. 

Stephen  B.  Elkins,  Elkins.  Nathan  B.  Scott,  Wheeling. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 


William  P.  Hubbard,  Wheeling. 
George  C.  Sturgiss,  Morgantown. 
Joseph  Holt  Gaines,  Charleston. 


John  C.  Spooner,7  Madison. 
Isaac  Stephenson,8  Marinette. 


WISCONSIN. 


SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


Henry  A.  Cooper,  Racine. 
JohnM.  Nelson,  Madison. 
James  W.  Murphy,  Platteville. 
William  J.  Gary,  Milwaukee. 
William  H.  Stafford,  Milwaukee. 
Charles  H.  Weisse,  Sheboygan  Falls. 


Harry  C.  Woodyard,  Spencer. 
James  A.  Hughes,  Huntington. 


Robert  M.  La  Follette,  Madison. 


John  J.  Esch,  La  Crosse. 
James  H.  Davidson,  Oshkosh. 
Gustav  Kiistermann,  Green  Bay. 
Elmer  A.  Morse,  Antigo. 
John  J.  Jenkins,  Chippewa  Falls. 


»  Died  March  4.  1908. 

2  Appointed  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  death  of  Redfield 
Proctor,  and  took  his  seat  March  30, 1908. 

3  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  death  of  Redfield  Proctor, 
and  took  his  seat  December  7, 1908. 

4  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  death  of  John  F.  Rixey, 
in  preceding  Congress,  and  took  his  seat  December  2,  1907. 


6  Died  October  13,  1907. 

•  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  death  of  Campbell  B. 
Slemp,  and  took  his  seat  January  6, 1908. 

7  Resigned  April  30,  1907. 

8  Elected  to  nil  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  John  C. 
Spooner,  and  took  his  seat  December  2, 1907. 


SIXTIETH   CONGRESS.  415 

WYOMING. 

SENATORS. 

Francis  E.  Warren,  Cheyenne.  Clarence  D.  Clark,  Evanston. 

REPRESENTATIVE . 

Frank  W.  Mondell,  Newcastle. 
TERRITORY   OP   ALASKA. 

DELEGATE. 

Thomas  Gale,  Fairbanks. 
TERRITORY   OF   ARIZONA. 

DELEGATE. 

Marcus  A.  Smith,  Tucson. 
TERRITORY   OP  HAWAII. 

DELEGATE. 

Jonah  K.  Kalanianaole,  Honolulu. 

TERRITORY   OF   NEW  MEXICO. 

i 

DELEGATE . 

William  H.  Andrews,1  Albuquerque. 

PHILIPPINE   ISLANDS.2 

RESIDENT  COMMISSIONERS. 

Benito  Legarda,  Manila.  Pablo  Ocampo  De  Leon,  Manila. 

PORTO   RICO. 

RESIDENT  COMMISSIONER. 

Tulio  Larrinaga,  San  Juan. 

i  Election  unsuccessfully  contested  by  Octavius  A.  Larra-         2  Part  of  the  territory  ceded  to  the  United  States  by  Sj>ain 
sola.  by  treaty  of  December  10, 1898;  given  Resident  Commission- 

ers, effective  November,  1907,  by  act  of  July  1, 1902. 


SIXTY-FIRST  CONGRESS. 


MARCH  4,  1909,  TO  MARCH  3,  1911. 


FIRST  SESSION— March  15,  1909,  to  August  5,  1909.  SECOND  SESSION— December  6, 
1909,  to  June  25,  1910.  THIRD  SESSION— December  5,  1910,  to  March  3,  1911. 
SPECIAL  SESSION  OF  THE  SENATE— March  4,  1909,  to  March  6,  1909. 


VICE-PRESIDENT— James  S.  Sherman,  of  New  York.  SECRETARY  OF  THE  SENATE— 
Charles  G.  Bennett,  of  New  York. 

SPEAKER  OF  THE  HOUSE— Joseph  G.  Cannon,  of  Illinois.  CLERK  OF  THE  HOUSE— 
Alexander  McDowell,  of  Pennsylvania. 

ALABAMA. 

SENATORS. 

Joseph  F.  Johnston,  Birmingham.  John  H.  Bankhead,  Fayette. 

RE  PRE  SE  NTATIVES . 

George  W.  Taylor,  Demopolis.  Richmond  P.  Hobson,  Greensboro. 

Stanley  H.  Dent,  jr.,  Montgomery.  John  L.  Burnett,  Gadsden. 

Henry  D.  Clayton,  Eufaula.  William  Richardson,  Huntsyille. 

William  B.  Craig,  Selma.  Oscar  W.  Underwood,  Birmingham. 
James  T.  Heflin,  Lafayette. 

ARKANSAS. 

SENATORS. 

James  P.  Clarke,  Little  Rock.  Jeff  Davis,  Little  Rock. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

Robert  B.  Macon,  Helena.  Charles  C.  Reid,  Morrillton. 

William  A.  Oldfield,  Batesville.  Joseph^  T.  Robinson,  Lonoke. 

John  C.  Floyd,  Yellville.  Robert  M.  Wallace,  Magnolia. 
Ben  Cravens,  Fort  Smith. 

CALIFORNIA. 

SENATORS. 

George  C.  Perkins,  Oakland.  Frank  P.  Flint,  Los  Angeles. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

William  F.  Englebright,  Nevada  City.  Everis  A.  Hayes,  San  Jose. 

Duncan  E.  McKinlay,  Santa  Rosa.  James  C.  Needham,  Modesto. 

Joseph  R.  Knowland,  Alameda.  James  McLachlan,  Pasadena. 

Julius  Kahn,  San  Francisco.  Sylvester  C.  Smith,  Bakersfield. 

COLORADO. 

SENATORS. 

Simon  Guggenheim,  Denver.  Charles  J.  Hughes,1  Denver. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

Edward  T.  Taylor,  Glenwood  Springs.  John  A.  Martin,  Pueblo. 

Atterson  W.  Rucker,  Fort  Logan. 


i  Died  January  11,  1911. 
41fi 


SIXTY-FIRST  CONGEESS. 


417 


CONNECTICUT. 

SENATORS. 

Morgan  G.  Bulkeley,  Hartford.  Frank  B.  Brandegee,  New  London. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

John  Q.  Tilson,  New  Haven.  Edwin  W.  Higgins,  Norwich. 

E.  Stevens  Henry,  Rockville.  Ebenezer  J.  Hill,  Norwalk. 

Nehemiah  D.  Sperry,  New  Haven. 

DELAWARE. 

SENATORS. 

Henry  A.  du  Pont,  Winterthur.  Harry  A.  Richardson,  Dover. 

REPRESENTATIVE. 

William  H.  Heald,  Wilmington. 
FLORIDA. 


SENATORS. 


James  P.  Taliaferro,  Jacksonville. 


Stephen  M.  Sparkman,  Tampa. 
Frank  Clark,  Gainesville. 


Augustus  O.  Bacon,  Macon. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 

GEORGIA. 

SENATORS. 
REPRESENTATIVES. 


Duncan  U.  Fletcher,  Jacksonville. 


Dannitte  H.  Mays,  Monticello. 


Alexander  S.  Clay,1  Marietta. 
Joseph  M.  Terrell,2  Greenville. 

Charles  L.  Bartlett,  Macon. 
Gordon  Lee,  Chickamauga. 
William  M.  Howard,  Lexington. 
Thomas  M.  Bell,  Gainesville. 
Thomas  W.  Hardwick,  Sandersville. 
William  G.  Brantley,  Brunswick. 


Charles  G.  Edwards,  Savannah. 
James  M.  Griggs,3  Dawson. 
Seaborn  A.  Roddenbery,4  Thomasville. 
Dudley  M.  Hughes,  Danville. 
William  C.  Adamson,  Carrollton. 
Leonidaa  F.  Livingston,  Covington. 

IDAHO. 

SENATORS. 

Weldon  B.  Heyburn,  Wallace.  William  E.  Borah,  Boise. 

REPRESENTATIVE. 

Thomas  R.  Hamer,  St.  Anthony. 
ILLINOIS. 


Shelby  M.  Cullom,  Springfield. 

Martin  B.  Madden,  Chicago. 
James  R.  Mann,  Chicago. 
William  W.  Wilson,  Chicago. 
James  T.  McDermott,  Chicago. 
Adolph  J.  Sabath,  Chicago. 
William  Lorimer,6  Chicago. 
William  J.  Moxley,7  Chicago. 
Frederick  Lundin,  Chicago. 
Thomas  Gallagher,  Chicago. 
Henry  S.  Boutell,  Chicago. 
George  E.  Foss,  Chicago. 
Howard  M.  Snapp,  Joliet. 
Charles  E.  Fuller,  Belvidere. 


SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


William  Lorimer,5  Chicago. 

Frank  O.  Lowden,  Oregon. 
James  McKinney,  Aledo. 
George  W.  Prince,  Galesburg. 
Joseph  V.  Graff,  Peoria. 
John  A.  Sterling,  Bloomington. 
Joseph  G.  Cannon,  Danville. 
William  B.  McKinley,  Champaign. 
Henry  T.  Rainey,  Carrollton. 
James  M.  Graham,  Springfield. 
William  A.  Rodenberg,  East  St.  Louis. 
Martin  D.  Foster,  Olney. 
Pleasant  T.  Chapman,  Vienna. 
Napoleon  B.  Thistlewoocl,  Cairo. 


1  Died  November  13, 1910. 

2  Appointed  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  death  of  Alexander  S. 
Clay,  and  took  his  seat  December  6,  1910. 

3  Died  January  5, 1910. 

4  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  death  of  James  M.  Griggs, 
and  took  his  seat  February  28,  1910. 

6  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  in  the  term  commencing  March  4, 

r>0346°— S.  Doc.  C54,  61-2 27 


1909,  and  took  his  seat  June  18,  1909;  vacancy  from  March  4, 
1909,  to  May  27,  1909,  caused  by  failure  of  legislature  to  elect; 
and  then  until  June  17,  1909,  because  Mr.  Lorimer  did  not 
resign  his  seat  in  the  House  until  the  last-named  date. 

6  Resigned  June  7,  1909,  having  been  elected  Senator. 

7  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  William 
Lorimer,  and  took  his  seat  December  10,  1909. 


418 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 


INDIANA. 


SENATORS. 


Albert  J.  Beveridge,  Indianapolis. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


John  W.  Boehne,  Evansville. 
William  A.  Cullop,  Vincennes. 
William  E.  Cox,  Jasper. 
Lincoln  Dixon,  North  Vernon. 
Ralph  W.  Moss,  Center  Point. 
William  O.  Barnard,  Newcastle. 
Charles  A.  Korbly,  Indianapolis. 


IOWA. 


SENATORS. 


Jonathan  P.  Dolliver,1  Fort  Dodge. 
Lafayette  Young,2  Des  Moines. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


Charles  A.  Kennedy.  Montrose. 
Albert  F.  Dawson,  Preston. 
Charles  E.  Pickett,  Waterloo. 
Gilbert  N.  Haugen,  North  wood. 
James  W.  Good,  Cedar  Rapids. 
Nathan  E.  Kendall,  Albia. 


Benjamin  F.  Shively,  South  Bend. 


John  A.M.  Adair,  Portland. 
Martin  A.  Morrison,  Frankfort. 
Edgar  D.  Crumpacker,  Valparaiso. 
George  W.  Rauch,  Marion. 
Cyrus  Cline,  Angola. 
Henry  A.  Barnhart,  Rochester. 


Albert  B.  Cummins,  Des  Moines. 


John  A.  T.  Hull,  Des  Moines. 
William  D.  Jamieson,3  Shenandoah. 
Walter  I.  Smith,  Council  Bluffs. 
Frank  P.  Woods,  Estherville. 
Elbert  H.  Hubbard,  Sioux  City. 


KANSAS. 


Charles  Curtis,  Topeka. 


SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


Daniel  R.  Anthony,  jr.,  Leavenworth. 
Charles  F.  Scott,  lola. 
Philip  P.  Campbell,  Pittsburg. 
James  M.  Miller,  Council  Grove. 


Joseph  L.  Bristow,  Salina. 


William  A.  Calderhead,  Marysville. 
William  A.  Reeder,  Logan. 
Edmond  II .  Madison,  Dodge  City. 
Victor  Murdock,  Wichita. 


KENTUCKY. 


SENATORS. 


Thomas  H.  Paynter,  Frankfort. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


Ollie  M.  James,  Marion. 
Augustus  0.  Stanley,  Henderson. 
Robert  Y.  Thomas,  jr.,  Central  City. 
Ben  Johnson,  Bardstown. 
Swagar  Sherley,  Louisville. 
Joseph  L.  Rhinock,  Covington. 


LOUISIANA. 


William  O.  Bradley,  Louisville. 


James  C.  Can  trill,  Georgetown. 
Harvey  Helm,  Stanford. 
Joseph  B.  Bennett,  Greenup. 
John  W.  Langley,  Pikeville. 
Don  C.  Edwards,  London. 


SENATORS. 


Samuel  D.  McEnery,4  New  Orleans. 
John  R.  Thornton,5  Alexandria. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


Albert  Estopinal,6  Estopinal. 
Samuel  L.  Gilmore,7  New  Orleans. 
Henry  G.  Dupre,8  New  Orleans. 
Robert  F.  Broussard,  New  Iberia. 


Murphy  J.  Foster,  Franklin. 


John  T.  WTatkins,  Minden. 
Joseph  E.  Ransdell,  Lake  Providence. 
Robert  C.  Wickliffe,  St.  Francisville. 
Arsene  P.  Pujo,  Lake  Charles. 


1  Died  October  15, 1910. 

2  Appointed  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  death  of  Jonathan  P. 
Dolliver,  and  took  his  seat  December  6,  1910. 

3  Election  unsuccessfully  contested  by  William  P.  Hepburn. 
<  Died  June  28,  1910. 

6  Appointed  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  death  of  Samuel  D. 
McEnery,  and  took  his  seat  December  12,  1910;  subsequently 
lected ;  vacancy  from  June  29, 1910,  to  December  6, 1910. 


6  Election  unsuccessfully  contested  by  Henry  0.  Warmoth. 

'  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  death  of  Robert  C.  Davey 
in  preceding  Congress,  and  took  his  seat  April  22,  1909;  died 
March  30,  1910. 

8  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  in  term  commencing  March  4,  1909, 
caused  by  deaths  of  Robert  C.  Davey  and  Samuel  L.  Gilmore, 
and  took  his  seat  December  12, 1910. 


SIXTY-FIRST  CONGRESS. 


419 


Eugene  Hale,  Ellsworth. 

Amos  L.  Allen,1  Alfred. 
John  P.  Swasey,  Canton. 


Lsidor  Rayner,  Baltimore. 


MAINE. 


SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


MABYLAND. 


SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


James  H.  Covington,  Easton. 
J.  Frederick  C.  Talbott,  Towson. 
John  Kronmiller,  Baltimore. 


William  P.  Frye,  Lewiston. 

Edwin  0.  Burleigh,  Augusta. 
Frank  E.  Guernsey,  Dover. 


John  Walter  Smith,  Snow  Hill. 

John  Gill,  jr.,  Baltimore. 
Sydney  E.  Mudd,  La  Plata. 
George  A.  Pearre,  Cumberland. 


MASSACHUSETTS. 


Henry  Cabot  Lodge,  Nahant. 


SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


George  P.  Lawrence,  North  Adams. 
Frederick  H.  Gillett,  Springfield. 
Charles  G.  Washburn,  Worcester. 
Charles  Q.  Tirrell.2  Natick. 
John  J.  Mitchell,3  Marlboro. 
Butler  Ames,  Lowell. 
Augustus  P.  Gardner,  Hamilton. 
Ernest  W.  Roberts,  Chelsea. 


MICHIGAN. 


SENATORS. 


Julius  C.  Burrows,  Kalamazoo. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


Edwin  Denby,  Detroit. 
Charles  E.  Townsend,  Jackson. 
Washington  Gardner,  Albion. 
Edward  L.  Hamilton,  Mies. 
Gerrit  J.  Diekema,  Holland. 
Samuel  W.  Smith,  Pontiac. 


W.  Murray  Crane,  Dal  ton. 


Samuel  W.  McCall,  Winchester. 
John  A.  Keliher,  Boston. 
Joseph  F.  O'Connell,4  Boston. 
Andrew  J.  Peters,  Boston. 
John  W.  Weeks,  Newton. 
William  S.  Greene,  Fall  River. 
William  C.  Lovering,5  Taunton. 
Eugene  N.  Foss,6  Jamaica  Plains. 


William  Alden  Smith,  Grand  Rapids. 

Henry  McMorran,  Port  Huron. 
Joseph  W.  Fordney,  Saginaw. 
James  C.  McLaughlin,  Muskegon. 
George  A.  Loud,  Au  Sable. 
Francis  H.  Dodds,  Mount  Pleasant. 
H.  Olin  Young,  Ishpeming. 


MINNESOTA. 


SENATORS. 

Knute  Nelson,  Alexandria. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

James  A.  Tawney,  Winona. 
Win  field  S.  Hammond,  St.  James. 
Charles  R.  Davis,  St.  Peter 
Frederick  C.  Stevens,  St.  Faul. 
Frank  M.  Nye,  Minneapolis. 

MISSISSIPPI. 


Moses  E.  Clapp,  St.  Paul. 

Charles  A.  Lindbergh,  Little  Falls. 
Andrew  J.  Volstead,  Granite  Falls. 
Clarence  B.  Miller,  Duluth. 
Halvor  Steenerson,  Crookston. 


SENATORS. 


Hemando  D.  Money,  Mississippi  City. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


Ezekiel  S.  Candler,  jr.,  Corinth. 
Thomas  Spight,  Ripley. 
Benjamin  G.  Humphreys,  Greenville. 
Thomas  U.  Sisson,  Winona. 


Anselm  J.  McLaurin,7  Brandon. 
James  Gordon,8  Okolona. 
Le  Roy  Percy,9  Greenville. 

Adam  M.  Byrd,  Philadelphia. 
Eaton  J.  Bowers,  Bay  St.  Louis. 
William  A.  Dickson,  Centerville. 
James  W.  Collier,  Vicksburg. 


1  Died  February  20,  1911. 

2  Died  July  31,  1910. 

*  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  death  of  Charles  Q.  Tir- 
rell, and  took  his  seat  December  5,  1910. 
4  Election  unsuccessfully  contested  by  J.  Mitchell  Galvin. 
'•>  Died  February  4,  1910. 
e  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  death  of  William  C.  Ix>v- 


ering,  and  took  his  seat  April  7, 1910;  resigned  January  4, 1911, 
having  been  elected  Governor. 

'  Died  December  22,  1909. 

8  Appointed  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  death  of  Anselm  J. 
McLaurin,  and  took  his  seat  December  27,  1909. 

s  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  death  of  Anselm  .T. 
McLaurin,  and  took  his  seat  February  23,  1910. 


420 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 


MISSOURI. 


SENATORS. 


William  J.  Stone,  Jefferson  City. 


REPRESENTATIVES . 


James  T.  Lloyd,  Shelbyville. 
William  W.  Rucker,  Keytesyille. 
Joshua  W.  Alexander,  Gallatin. 
Charles  F.  Booher,  Savannah. 
William  P.  Borland,  Kansas  City. 
David  A.  De  Armond,1  Butler. 
Clement  C.  Dickinson,2  Clinton. 
Courtney  W.  Hamlin,  Springfield. 
Dorsey  W.  Shackleford,  Jefferson  City. 


William  Warner,  Kansas  City. 


Champ  Clark,  Bowling  Green. 
Richard  Bartholdt,  St.  Louis. 
Patrick  F.  Gill,  St.  Louis. 
Harry  M.  Coudrey,  St.  Louis. 
Politte  Elvins,  Elvins. 
Charles  A.  Crow,  Caruthersville. 
Charles  H.  Morgan,  Joplin. 
Arthur  P.  Murphy,  Rolla. 


MONTANA. 

SENATORS. 

Thomas  H.  Carter,  Helena.  Joseph  M.  Dixon,  Missoula. 

REPRESENTATIVE . 

Charles  N.  Pray,  Fort  Ben  ton. 
NEBRASKA. 

SENATORS. 

Elmer  J.  Burkett,  Lincoln.  Norris  Brown,  Kearney. 

REPRESENTATIVES . 

John  A.  Maguire,  Lincoln.  Edmund  H.  Hinshaw,  Fairbury. 

Gilbert  M.  Hitchcock,  Omaha.  George  W.  Norris,  McCook. 

James  P.  Latta,  Tekamah.  Moses  P.  Kinkaid,  O'Neill. 

NEVADA. 

SENATORS. 

Francis  G.  Newlands,  Reno.  George  S.  Nixon,  Reno. 

REPRESENTATIVE. 

George  A.  Bartlett,  Tonopah. 


NEW  HAMPSHIRE. 

SENATORS. 

Jacob  H.  Gallinger,  Concord.  Henry  E.  Burnham,  Manchester. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 


Cyrus  A.  Sulloway,  Manchester. 


Frank  D.  Currier,  Canaan. 


John  Kean,  Elizabeth. 


NEW  JERSEY. 


SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


Henry  C.  Loudenslager,  Paulsboro. 
John  J.  Gardner,  Atlantic  City. 
Benjamin  F.  Howell,  New  Brunswick. 
Ira  W.  Wood,  Trenton. 
Charles  N.  Fowler,  Elizabeth. 


Frank  O.  Briggs,  Trenton. 


William  Hughes,  Paterson. 
Richard  Wayne  Parker,  Newark. 
William  H.  Wiley,  East  Orange. 
Eugene  F.  Kinkead,  Jersey  City. 
James  A.  Hamill,  Jersey  City. 


Died  November  23,  1909. 


2  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  death  of  David  A.  De 
Armond,  and  took  his  sea't  February  7,  1910. 


SIXTY-FIRST   CONGRESS. 


421 


NEW  YORK. 


SENATORS. 


Chauncey  M.  Depew,  Peekskill. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


William  W.  Cocks,  Westbury. 
George  H.  Lindsay,  Brooklyn. 
Otto  G.  Foelker,  Brooklyn. 
Charles  B.  Law,  Brooklyn. 
Richard  Young,  Flatbush. 
William  M.  Calder,  Brooklyn. 
John  J.  Fitzgerald,  Brooklyn. 
Daniel  J.  Riordan,  New  York. 
Henry  M.  Goldfogle,  New  York  . 
William  Sulzer,  New  York. 
Charles  V.  Fornes,  New  York. 
Michael  F.  Conry,  New  York. 
Herbert  Parsons,  New  York. 
William  Willett,  jr.,  Long  Island  City. 
J.  Van  Vechten  Olcott,  New  York. 
Francis  B.  Harrison,  New  York. 
William  S.  Bennet,  New  York. 
Joseph  A.  Gould  en,  Fordham. 
John  E.  Andrus,  Yonkers 


Elihu  Root,  New  York. 


Thomas  W.  Bradley,  Walden 
Hamilton  Fish,  Garrison. 
William  H.  Draper,  Troy. 
George  N.  South  wick,  Albany. 
George  W.  Fairchild,  Oneonta. 
Cyrus  Durey,  Johnstown. 
George  R.  Malby,  Ogdensburg. 
Charles  S.  Millington,  Herkimer. 
Charles  L.  Knapp,  Lowville. 
Michael  E.  Driscoll,  Syracuse. 
John  W.  Dwight,  Dryden. 
Sereno  E.  Payne,  Auburn. 
James  B.  Perkins,1  Rochester. 
James  S.  Havens,2  Rochester. 
J.  Sloat  Fassett,  Elmira. 
James  S.  Simmons,  Niagara  Falls. 
Daniel  A.  Driscoll,  Buffalo. 
De  Alva  S.  Alexander,  Buffalo. 
Edward  B.  Vreeland,  Salamanca. 


NORTH  CAROLINA. 


SENATORS. 


Furnifold  McL.  Simmons,  Newbern. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


John  H.  Small,  Washington. 
Claude  Kitchin,  Scotland  Neck. 
Charles  R.  Thomas,  Newbern. 
Edward  W.  Pou,  Smithfield. 
John  M.  Morehead,  Spray. 


Lee  S.  Overman,  Salisbury. 


Hannibal  L.  Godwin,  Dunn. 
Robert  N.  Page,  Biscoe. 
Charles  H.  Cowles,  Wilkesboro. 
Edwin  Y.  Webb,3  Shelby. 
John  G.  Grant,  Hendersonville. 


NORTH  DAKOTA. 


SENATORS. 


Porter  J.  McCumber,  Wahpeton. 


Louis  B.  Hanna,  Fargo. 


REPERSENTATIVES. 


OHIO. 


Martin  N.  Johnson,4  Petersburg. 
Fountain  L.  Thompson,5  Cando. 
William  E.  Purcell,6  Wahpeton. 
Asle  J.  Gronna,7  Lakota. 

Asle  J.  Gronna,1*  Lakota. 


Charles  Dick,  Akron. 


SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


Nicholas  Longworth,  Cincinnati. 
Herman  P.  Goebel,  Cincinnati. 
James  M.  Cox,  Dayton. 
William  E.  Tou  Velle,  Celina. 
Timothy  T.  Ansberry,  Defiance. 
Matthew  R.  Denver,  Wilmington. 
J.  Warren  Keifer,  Springfield. 
Ralph  D.  Cole,  Findlay. 
Isaac  R.  Sherwood,  Toledo. 
Adna  R.  Johnson,  Ironton. 
Albert  Douglas,  Chillicothe. 


Theodore  E.  Burton,  Cleveland. 

Edward  L.  Taylor,  jr.,  Columbus. 
Carl  C.  Anderson,  Fostoria. 
William  G.  Sharp,  Elyria. 
James  Joyce,  Cambridge. 
David  A.  Hollingsworth,  Cadiz. 
William  A.  Ashbrook,  Johnstown. 
James  Kennedy,  Youngstown. 
William  A.  Thomas,  Niles. 
Paul  Howland,  Cleveland. 
James  H.  Cassidy,9  Cleveland. 


»Died  March  11,  1910. 

2  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  death  of  James  B.  Per- 
kins, and  took  his  seat  April  29,  1910. 

3  Election  unsuccessfully  contested  by  John  A.  Smith. 

4  Died  October  21. 1909. 

6  Appointed  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  death  of  Martin  N. 
Johnson,  and  took  his  seat  November  10, 1909;  resigned  Jan- 
uary 31, 1910. 

•  Appointed  (o  fill  vacancy  in  term  commencing  March  4, 


1909,  caused  by  death  of  Martin  N.  Johnson  and  resignation 
of  Fountain  L.  Thompson,  and  took  his  scat  February  1, 1910. 

7  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  hi  term  commencing  March  4. 1909, 
caused  by  death  of  Martin  N.   Johnson,  and  resignation  of 
Fountain  L.  Thompson,  and  took  his  seat  February  2,  1911. 

8  Resigned  to  take  effect  February  2,  1911,  having  been 
I'lected  Senator. 

<J  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  Theodon? 
E.  Burton,  and  took  his  seat  April  26, 1909. 


422 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 


Thomas  P.  Gore,  Lawton. 


Bird  S.  McGuire,  Pawnee. 
Dick  T.  Morgan,  Woodward. 
Charles  E.  Creager,  Muskogee. 


OKLAHOMA. 

SENATORS. 
REPRESENTATIVES. 

OREGON. 


Robert  L.  Owen,  Muskogee. 


Charles  D.  Carter,  Ardmore. 
Scott  Ferris,  Lawton. 


SENATORS. 
Jonathan  Bourne,  jr.,  Portland.  George  E.  Chamberlain,  Portland. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

Willis  C.  Hawley,  Salem.  William  R.  Ellis,  Pendleton. 

PENNSYLVANIA. 


Boies  Penrose,  Philadelphia. 


SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


Henry  H.  Bingham,  Philadelphia. 
Joel  Cook,3  Philadelphia. 
J.  Hampton  Moore,  Philadelphia. 
Reuben  O.  Moon,  Philadelphia. 
William  W.  Foulkrod,4  Philadelphia. 
George  D.  McCreary,  Philadelphia. 
Thomas  S.  Butler,  West  Chester. 
Irving  P.  Wanger,  Norristown. 
William  W.  Gnest,  Lancaster. 
Thomas  D.  Nicholls,  Scran  ton. 
Henry  W.  Palmer,  Wilkes-Barre. 
Alfred  B.  Garner,  Ashland. 
John  H.  Rothermel,  Reading. 
Charles  C.  Pratt,  New  Milford. 
William  B.  Wilson,  Blossburg. 
John  G.  McHenry,  Ben  ton. 


Philander  C.  Knox,1  Pittsburgh. 
George  T.  Oliver,2  Pittsburgh. 


John  K.  Tener,5  Charleroi. 
Benjamin  K.  Focht,  Lewisburg. 
Marlin  E.  Olmsted,  Harrisburg. 
John  M.  Reynolds,6  Bedford. 
Daniel  F.  Lafean,  York. 
Charles  F.  Barclay,  Sinnemahoning. 
George  F.  Huff,  Greensburg. 
Allen  F.  Cooper,  Union  town. 
Arthur  L.  Bates,  Meadville. 
A.  Mitchell  Palmer,  Stroudsburg. 
Jonathan  N.  Langham,  Indiana. 
Nelson  P.  Wheeler,  Endeavor. 
William  H.  Graham,  Allegheny. 
John  Dalzell,  Pittsburgh. 
James  F.  Burke,  Pittsburgh. 
Andrew  J.  Barchfeld,  Pittsburgh. 


RHODE    ISLAND. 

SENATORS. 

Nelson  W.  Aldrich,  Providence.  George  P.  Wetmore,  Newport. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

William  P.  Sheffield,  Newport.  Adin  B.  ('apron,  Stillwater. 

SOUTH  CAROLINA. 


Benjamin  R.  Tillman,  Trenton. 


SENATORS. 


Ellison  D.  Smith,  Florence. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 

George  S.  Legare,7  Charleston.  David  E.  Finley,  Yorkville. 

James  O'H.  Patterson,8  Barnwell.  J.  Edwin  Ellerbe,  Marion. 

Wyatt  Aiken,  Abbeville.  Asbury  F.  Lever,9  Lexington. 
Joseph  T.  Johnson,  Spartanburg. 

SOUTH  DAKOTA. 

SENATORS. 

Robert  J.  Gamble,  Yankton.  Coe  I.  Crawford,  Huron. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

Ebec  W.  Martin,  Dead  wood.  Charles  H.  Burke,  Pierre. 

» Resigned  March  5, 1909,  to  become  Secretary  of  State.  «  Resigned  January  17, 1911,  having  been  elected  Lieutenant 

2  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  Philander  Governor. 

C.  Knox,  and  took  his  seat  March  19, 1909.  '•  Election  unsuccessfully  contested  by  Aaron  P.  Prioleau. 

'Died  December  15,  1910.  8  Election  unsuccessfully  conducted  by  Isaac  Myers. 

«  Died  November  13, 1910.  » Election  unsuccessfully  contested  by  R.  H.  Richardson. 

*  Resigned  January  16, 1911,  having  been  elected  Governor. 


SIXTY-FIRST   CONGRESS. 


423 


James  B.  Frazier,  Chattanooga. 


TENNESSEE. 


SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


Walter  P.  Brownlow,1  Jonesboro. 
Zebulon  D.  Massey,2  Sevieryille, 
Richard  W.  Austin,  Knoxville. 
John  A.  Moon,  Chattanooga. 
Cornell  Hull,  Carthage. 
William  C.  Houston,  Woodbury. 


Charles  A.  Culberson,  Dallas. 


TEXAS. 


SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES. 


Morris  Sheppard,  Texarkana. 
Martin  Dies,  Beaumont. 
Gordon  Russell,3  Tyler. 
Robert  M.  Lively,4  Canton. 
Choice  B.  Randell,  Sherman. 
Jack  Beall,  Waxahachie. 
Rufus  Hardy,  Corsicana. 
Alexander  W.  Gregg,  Palestine, 
John  M.  Moore,  Richmond. 


UTAH. 


Robert  L.  Taylor,  Nashville. 


Joseph  W.  Byrns,  Nashville. 
Lemuel  P.  Padgett,  Columbia. 
Thetus  W.  Sims,  Linden. 
Finis  J.  Garrett,  Dresden. 
George  W.  Gordon,  Memphis. 


Joseph  W.  Bailey,  Gainesville. 


George  F.  Burgess,  Gonzales. 
Albert  S.  Burleson,  Austin. 
Robert  L.  Henry.  Waco. 
Oscar  W.  Gillespie,  Fort  Worth. 
John  H.  Stephens,  Vernon. 
James  L.  Slayden,  San  Antonio. 
John  N.  Garner,  Uvalde. 
William  R.  Smith,  Colorado. 


SENATORS. 
Reed  Smoot,  Provo  City.  George  Sutherland,  Salt  Lake  City. 

REPRESENTATIVE . 

Joseph  Ho  well,  Logan. 
VERMONT. 

SENATORS. 

William  P.  Dillingham,  Montpelier.  Carroll  S.  Page,  Hyde  Park. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

David  J.  Foster,  Burlington.  Frank  Plumley,  Northfield. 

VIRGINIA. 


SENATORS. 

John  W.  Daniel,5  Lynchburg. 
Claude  A.  Swanson,6  Chatham. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

William  A.  Jones,  Warsaw. 
Harry  L.  Maynard,  Portsmouth. 
John  Lamb,  Richmond. 
Francis  R.  Lassiter,7  Petersburg. 
Robert  Turnbull,8  Lawrenceville. 
Edward  W.  Saunders,  Rocky  Mount. 

WASHINGTON. 


Thomas  S.  Martin,  Charlottes ville. 


Carter  Glass,  Lynchburg. 
James  Hay,  Madison. 
Charles  C.  Carlin,  Alexandria. 
Campbell  B.  Slemp,  Big  Stone  Gap. 
Henry  D.  Flood,  Appomattox. 


Samuel  H.  Piles,  Seattle. 


SENATORS. 


REPRESENTATIVES.9 


William  E.  Humphrey,  Seattle. 
Francis  W.  Cushman,10  Tacoma. 


Wesley  L.  Jones,  North  Yakima. 

William  W.  McCredie,11  Vancouver. 
Miles  Poindexter,  Spokane. 


1  Died  July  8,  1910. 

2  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  death  of  Walter  P.  Brown- 
low,  and  took  his  seat  December  5,  1910. 

3  Resigned  June  15,  1910,  to  become  Federal  Judge. 

4  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused   by  resignation  of  Gordon 
Russell,  and  took  his  seat  December  5,  1910. 

s  Died  June  29,  1910. 

6  Appointed   to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  death  of  John  W. 
Daniel,  and  took  his  seat  December  C,  1910. 


i  Died  October  31,  1909. 

»  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  death  of  Francis  R. 
Lassiter,  and  took  his  seat  March  16,  1910. 

»  Heretofore  elected  from  State  at  large;  congressional  dis- 
tricts first  established  in  1909. 

10  Died  July  6,  1909. 

11  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  death  of  Francis  W. 
Cushman,  and  took  his  seat  December  6,  1909. 


424  CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTOBY. 

WEST   VIRGINIA. 


SENATORS. 


Stephen  B.  Elkins,1  Elkins.  Nathan  B.  Scott,  Wheeling. 

Davis  Elkins,2  Morgantown. 
Clarence  W.  Watson,3  Fairmont. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

William  P.  Hubbard,  Wheeling.  Harry  0.  Woodyard,  Spencer 

George  C.  Sturgiss,  Morgantown.  James  A.  Hughes,  Huntington. 

Joseph  H.  Gaines,  Charleston. 

WISCONSIN. 

SENATORS. 

Robert  M.  La  Follette,  Madison.  Isaac  Stephenson,  Marinette. 

REPRESENTATIVES. 

Henry  A.  Cooper,  Racine.  John  J.  Esch,  La  Crosse. 

John  M.  Nelson,  Madison.  James  H.  Davidson,  Oshkosh. 

Arthur  W.  Kopp,  Platteville.  Gustav  Kiistermann,  Green  Bay 

William  J.  Gary,  Milwaukee.  Elmer  A.  Morse,  Antigo. 

William  H.  Stafford,  Milwaukee.  Irvine  L.  Lenroot,  Superior. 
Charles  H.  Weisse,  Sheboygan  Falls. 

WYOMING. 

SENATORS. 

Francis  E.  Warren,  Cheyenne.  Clarence  D.  Clark,  Evanston. 

REPRESENTATIVE . 

Frank  W.  Mondell,  Newcastle. 
TERRITORY  OF  ALASKA. 

DELEGATE. 

James  Wickersham,  Fairbanks. 
TERRITORY  OF  ARIZONA. 

DELEGATE. 

Ralph  H.  Cameron,  Flagstaff. 
TERRITORY  OF  HAWAII. 

DELEGATE. 

Jonah  K.  Kalanianaole,  Waikiki. 
TERRITORY  OF  NEW  MEXICO. 

DELEGATE. 

William  H.  Andrews,  Albuquerque. 
PHILIPPINE  ISLANDS. 

RESIDENT   COMMISSIONERS. 

Benito  Legarda,  Manila.  Manuel  L.  Quezon,  Lucena. 

PORTO  RICO. 

RESIDENT    COMMISSIONER. 

Tulio  Larrinaga,  San  Juan. 


'Died  January  4,1913.  a  Elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused   by  death  of  Stephen  B. 

2  Appointed  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  death  of  Stephen  B.       Elkins.  and  took  his  seat  February  2  1911 
Elkins,  and  took  his  seat  January  9,  1911. 


BIOGRAPHIES. 


425 


BIOGRAPHIES. 


Abbott,  Amos,  a  Representative  from  Massa- 
chusetts; bom  in  Andover,  Mass.,  September  10, 
1786;  reared  on  his  father's  farm;  engaged  in  busi- 
ness; filled  a  number  of  town  offices;  member  of  the 
state  house  of  representatives  1835-1836,  and  1842, 
and  of  the  state  senate  in  1840  and  1843;  one  of 
the  founders  and  directors  of  the  Boston  &  Maine 
railroad;  elected  as  a  Whig  to  the  Twenty-eighth, 
Twenty-ninth  and  Thirtieth  Congresses  (March  4, 
1844-March  3,  1849);  died  in  Andover,  Mass., 
November  2,  1868. 

Abbott,  Jo,  a  Representative  from  Texas;  born 
near  Decatur,  Morgan  county,  Ala.,  January  15, 
1840;  attended  the  public  schools;  went  to  Texas 
in  1853;  served  in  the  Confederate  army  as  first 
lieutenant  twelfth  Texas  cavalry;  studied  law,  was 
admitted  to  the  bar  in  October,  1866,  and  began 
practice  in  Springfield,  Tex.;  afterwards  practiced 
in  Hills boro;  elected  to  the  state  legislature  in 
1869,  and  served  one  term;  appointed  by  Governor 
Roberts  district  judge  of  the  twenty-eighth  judi- 
cial district  in  February,  1879,  and  elected  in  No- 
vember, 1880,  for  a  term  of  four  yearn ;  elected  as  a 
Democrat  to  the  Fiftieth,  Fifty-first,  Fifty-second, 
Fifty-third,  and  Fifty-fourth  Congresses  (March  4, 
1889-March  3, 1897);  resumed  the  practice  of  law  in 
Hillsboro,  Tex.,  and  died  there  February  11, 1908. 

Abbott,  Joel,  a  Representative  from  Georgia; 
born  in  Fairfield,  Conn.,  March  17,  1776;  pursued 
an  academic  course;  studied  medicine  under  his 
father  in  Fairfield,  Conn.;  moved  to  Washington, 
Ga.,  in  1794;  held  several  local  offices;  member  of 
the  state  legislature  in  1809;  elected  as  a  Demo- 
crat to  the  Fifteenth,  Sixteenth,  Seventeenth,  and 
Eighteenth  Congresses  (March  4,  1817-March  3, 
1825);  delegate  in  the  convention  which  met  in 
Philadelphia,  Pa.,  in  1820  to  prepare  the  first 
National  pharmacopseia ;  died  in  Washington,  Ga., 
November  19,  1826. 

Abbott,  Joseph  Carter,  a  Senator  from  North 
Carolina;  born  in  Concord,  N.  H.,  July  15,  1825; 
was  graduated  from  Phillips  academy,  Andover, 
Mass.,  in  1846;  studied  law,  and  was  admitted  to  the 
bar  in  1852;  editor  and  proprietor  of  the  Manchester 
American  for  a  number  of  years,  and  became  editor 
of  the  Boston  Atlas  in  1859;  appointed  adjutant- 
general  of  New  Hampshire  in  July,  1855; 
member  of  the  commission  for  adjusting  the 
boundary  line  between  New  Hampshire  and 
Canada;  served  in  the  Civil  war;  lieutenant-colonel 
of  the  seventh  New  Hampshire  volunteer  infantry 
December  13,  1861;  colonel  November  17,  1863; 
brevet  brigadier-general  of  volunteers  January  15, 
1865,  "  for  gallant  and  meritorious  service  in  the 
capture  of  Fort  Fisher,  N.  C." ;  honorably  mustered 
out  July  17, 1865,  where  he  commanded  a  brigade; 
after  the  war  moved  to  Wilmington,  N.  C.,  and  fora 
time  commandant  of  the  city;  elected  as  a  Repub- 


lican to  the  United  States  Senate,  and  served  from 
July  14, 1868,  to  March  3, 1871;  collector  of  the  port  of 
Wilmington  under  President  Grant,  and  inspector 
of  posts  along  the  eastern  line  of  the  southern  coast 
under  President  Hayes;  engaged  in  business  in 
Wilmington,  N.  C.;  special  agent  United  States 
Treasury;  died  in  Wilmington,  N.  C.,  October  8, 
1881. 

Abbott,  Josiah  Gardner,  a  Representative 
from  Massachusetts;  born  in  Chelmslord,  Mass., 
November  1,  1814;  was  graduated  from  Harvard 
in  1832;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in 
1837,  and  practiced  in  Lowell,  Mass.;  member  of 
the  state  house  of  representatives  in  1837;  elected 
to  the  state  senate  in  1842  and  1843;  master  in 
chancery  1850-4855;  member  of  the  state  constitu- 
tional convention  in  1853;  became  one  of  the  jus- 
tices of  the  superior  court  of  Suffolk  county  in  1855; 
in  1858  he  resigned  and  resumed  his  law  practice; 
declined  an  appointment  to  the  supreme  court 
bench  in  1860;  moved  to  Boston  in  1861,  where  he 
distinguished  himself  as  a  criminal  lawyer;  suc- 
cessfully contested  as  a  Democrat  the  election  of 
Rufus  S.  Frost  to  the  Forty-fourth  Congress  and 
served  from  July  28, 1876,  until  March  3, 1877 ;  died 
in  Wellesley  Hills,  near  Boston,  Mass.,  June  2, 
1891. 

Abbott,  Nehemiah,  a  Representative  from 
Maine;  born  in  Sidney,  Me.,  March  29, 1806;  stud- 
ied law,  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  began  prac- 
tice in  Belfast,  Me. ;  member  of  the  state  house  of 
representatives  in  1842  and  1843;  elected  as  a  Re- 
publican to  the  Thirty-fifth  Congress  (March  4, 
1857-March  3,  1859);  resumed  the  practice  of  law 
in  Belfast,  Me.,  and  died  there  July  26,  1877. 

Abercrombie,  James,  a  Representative  from 
Alabama;  born  in  Hancock  county,  Ga.,  in  1795; 
moved  to  Montgomery  county,  Ala.,  in  1819;  mem- 
ber of  the  state  house  of  representatives  in  1820  and 
1822,  and  of  the  state  senate  1825-1833;  moved  to 
Russell  county ;  again  a  member  of  the  state  house  of 
representatives  1838-1839,  and  of  the  state  senate 
1847-1850;  elected  as  a  Union  Whig  to  the  Thirty- 
second  and  Thirty-third  Congresses  (March  4, 
1851-March  3,  1855);  died  July  2,  1861. 

Acheson,  Ernest  Francis,  a  Representative 
from  Pennsylvania;  born  in  Washington,  Pa.,  Sep- 
tember 19,  1855;  attended  the  public  schools,  and 
was  graduated  from  Washington  and  Jefferson  col- 
lege in  1875 ;  studied  law  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar 
in  1877 ;  newspaper  correspondent  for  several  years; 
purchased  the  Washington  Weekly  Observer,  of 
which  he  was  editor  in  1879;  established  a  daily 
edition  of  the  Observer  in  1889;  elected  president 
of  the  Pennsylvania  editorial  association  in  Janu- 
ary, 1893,  and  in  June  of  the  same  year  was  chosen 
recording  secretary  of  the  National  editorial  asso- 

427 


428 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTOEY. 


elation;  for  ten  years  a  member  of  the  Republican 
state  committee;  delegate  in  the  Republican 
national  conventions  of  1884  and  1896 ;  elected  as  a 
Republican  to  the  Fifty-fourth,  and  to  the  six  suc- 
ceeding Congresses  (March  4,  1895-March  3,  1909); 
resumed  the  practice  of  law  in  Washington,  Pa. 

Acker,  Ephraim  Leister,  a  Representative 
from  Pennsylvania;  born  in  Marlboro  township, 
Montgomery  county,  Pa.,  January  11,  1827;  was 
graduated  from  Marshall  college  September  8, 
1847;  after  teaching  two  years  was  graduated  in 
medicine  from  the  University  of  Pennsylvania  in 
March,  1852;  editor  and  publisher  of  the  Norris- 
town  Register  from  June,  1854,  to  June,  1860; 
superintendent  of  the  schools  of  Montgomery 
county ;  appointed  postmaster  of  Norristown,  Pa.,  in 
March,  1860,  by  President  Buchanan,  and  after 
serving  eleven  mpnths  was  removed  by  President 
Lincoln;  for  three  years  inspector  of  Montgomery 
county  prison;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Forty- 
second  Congress  (March  4, 1871-March  3, 1873) ;  died 
in  Norristown,  Pa.,  May  12,  1903. 

Acklen,  Joseph  Hayes,  a  Representative  from 
Louisiana;  born  in  Nashville,  Tenn.,  May  20, 1850; 
attended  Burlington  college,  and  was  graduated 
from  two  foreign  universities;  returned  to  the  United 
States,  and  was  graduated  from  the  law  depart- 
ment of  the  Cumberland  university,  Lebanon, 
Tenn.,  in  1871,  and  commenced  practice  in  Nash- 
ville; later  practiced  in  Memphis,  Tenn. ;  personally 
superintended  his  sugar  plantations  in  Louisiana; 
elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Forty-fifth  and  Forty- 
sixth  Congresses  (March  4,  1877-March  3,  1881); 
located  in  Nashville,  Tenn.,  and  resumed  the  prac- 
tice of  law;  president  of  the  Bar  association  of 
Tennessee;  state  warden  of  the  department  of  game, 
fish,  and  forestry. 

Adair,  John,  a  Senator  and  a  Representative 
from  Kentucky;  bom  in  Chester  county,  S.  C.,  Au- 
gust 16,  1759;  served  in  the  Revolutionary  war; 
moved  to  Kentucky  in  1786;  in  an  expedition 
against  the  Indians,  under  General  Wilkinson  in 
1791  and  1792,  was  a  major  of  volunteers,  and  in 
1793  a  lieutenant-colonel  under  General  Scott;  mem- 
ber of  the  Kentucky  constitutional  convention  in 
1792;  member  of  the  state  house  of  representatives 
for  several  years,  and  served  one  year  as  speaker; 
register  of  the  United  States  land  office;  elected  as  a 
Democrat  to  the  United  States  Senate,  to  fill 
vacancy  caused  by  the  resignation  of  John  Breck- 
inridge,  and  served  from  November  8,  1805,  until 
1806,  when  he  resigned;  in  1813  was  aid  to  Governor 
Shelby  in  the  battle  of  the  Thames;  commander  of 
the  Kentucky  rifle  brigade,  which  served  under 
General  Jackson  in  1814  and  1815,  and  distinguished 
himself  in  the  battle  of  New  Orleans;  governor  of 
Kentucky  1820-1824;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the 
Twenty-second  Congress  (March  4,  1831-March  3, 
1833);  died  in  Harrodsburg,  Ky.,  May  19,  1840. 

Adair,  John  Alfred  McDowell,  a  Repre- 
sentative from  Indiana;  born  in  Jay  county,  Ind., 
December  22,  1863;  removed  to  Portland,  Ind., 
in  1880;  attended  the  high  school;  engaged  in 
business;  elected  clerk  of  the  city  of  Portland  in 
1888;  clerk  of  Jay  county  in  1890;  studied  law  and 
was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1895;  elected  repre- 
sentative to  the  general  assembly  of  Indiana  in 
1902;  engaged  in  the  banking  business;  elected  as  a 
Democrat  to  the  Sixtieth  and  Sixty-first  Congresses 
(March  4,  1907-March  3,  1911.)  Reelected  to  the 
Sixty-second  Congress. 


Adams,  Andrew,  a  Delegate  from  Connecticut; 
born  in  Stamford,  Conn.,  January  7,  1736;  was 
graduated  from  Yale  in  1760;  studied  law  and  was 
admitted  to  the  Fairfield  county  bar,  where  his 
remarkable  career  as  a  jurist  began;  removed  to 
Litchfield,  which  thereafter  remained  his  home; 
member  of  the  state  legislature  1776-1781;  Dele- 
gate in  the  First  and  Second  Continental  Congresses 
1777-1780;  member  of  the  executive  council  in 
1789,  and  in  1793  was  appointed  chief  justice,  and 
filled  this  position  until  his  death  in  Litchfield, 
Conn.,  November  26,  1797. 

Adams,  Benjamin,  a  Representative  from 
Massachusetts;  born  in  Mendon,  Mass.,  December 
16,  1764;  was  graduated  from  Brown  university  in 
1788;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  be- 
gan practice  in  Uxbridge ;  member  of  the  state  house 
of  representatives  1809-1814  and  of  the  state  senate 
1814-1815,  and  1822-1825;  elected  as  a  Federalist  to 
the  Fourteenth  Congress,  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by 
the  death  of  Elijah  Brigham;  reelected  to  the  Fif- 
teenth and  Sixteenth  Congresses,  and  served  from 
December  2, 1816,  to  March  3, 1821;  defeated  as  the 
Federal  candidate  for  the  Seventeenth  and  Eight- 
eenth Congresses;  died  in  Uxbridge,  Mass.,  March 
28,  1837. 

Adams,  Charles  Francis,  a  Representative 
from  Massachusetts;  born  in  Boston,  Mass.,  August 
18, 1807.  His  father  being  appointed  to  St.  Peters- 
burg, the  boy's  life  was  spent  until  he  was  ten 
years  of  age  in  that  capital,  when  his  parents 
returned  to  the  United  States,  and  Charles  Francis 
entered  the  Boston  latin  school;  and  then  Harvard, 
and  was  graduated  in  1825;  studied  law  in  the 
office  of  Daniel  Webster,  and  was  admitted  to  the 
Suffolk  county  bar  in  1828;  elected  to  the  state 
house  of  representatives  in  1831  and  to  the  state 
senate  in  1835,  and  served  five  years;  founded 
the  Boston  Whig  in  May,  1846,  as  an  organ  to  express 
the  views  of  himself,  Stephen  C.  Phillips,  John 
G.  Palfrey,  Charles  Sumner,  and  Henry  Wilson; 
was  nominated  by  the  Free-Soil  party  for  Vice  Presi- 
dent with  Martin  Van  Buren  as  President  in  1848; 
elected  to  the  Thirty-sixth  Congress  (March  4, 
1859-March  3,  1861);  appointed  by  President  Lin- 
coln to  the  Court  of  St.  James;  arrived  in  England 
the  day  after  the  proclamation  of  neutrality,  but 
to  his  keen  diplomacy  is  due,  beyond  doubt,  that 
more  serious  trouble  did  not  arise  out  of  the  "Trent 
affair. "  His  handling  of  Lord  Palmerston  's  note  re- 
garding General  Butler's  order  No.  28  raised  him 
to  the  first  rank  of  statesmen;  the  retention  of  the 
rams,  accomplished  only  at  the  last  moment,  and 
that  led  to  the  Geneva  conference,  in  which  Eng- 
land indemnified  the  United  States  for  the  dam- 
ages of  the  Alabama,  is  credited  to  his  diplomacy; 
declined  the  presidency  of  Harvard  college,  but 
was  made  one  of  the  overseers  in  1869;  died  in 
Boston,  November  21,  1886. 

Adams,  Charles  H.,  a  Representative  from  New 
York;  born  in  Coxsackie,  N.  Y.,  in  1824;  studied 
law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  practiced ;  moved 
to  Cohoes,  N.  Y. ,  in!850  and  engaged  in  manufactur- 
ing; retired  from  active  business  in  1870;  elected  in 
1870  the  first  mayor  of  Cohoes,  and  served  two  years; 
member  of  the  state  assembly  in  1858  and  of  the 
state  senate  1872-1873;  delegate  in  the  Republican 
national  convention  of  1872;  United  States  com- 
missioner from  New  York  to  the  Vienna  exposition 
in  1873;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Forty- 
fourth  Congress  (March  4,  1875-March  3,  1877); 
died  in  New  York  City,  December  15,  1902. 


BIOGRAPHIES. 


429 


Adams,  George  Everett,  a  Representative 
from  Illinois;  born  in  Keene,  N.  H.,  June  18, 1840; 
moved  with  parents  to  Chicago,  111.,  in  1853;  was 
graduated  from  Harvard  in  1860;  studied  law  at  the 
Dane  law  school,  Cambridge,  Mass.,  was  admitted 
to  the  bar  in  1865,  and  afterwards  practiced  in 
Chicago;  elected  to  the  state  senate  from  the  sixth 
district  in  November,  1880;  resigned  on  the  3d 
of  March,  1883;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the 
Forty-eighth,  Forty-ninth,  Fiftieth,  and  Fifty-first 
Congresses  (March  4, 1883-March  3, 1891);  resumed 
the  practice  of  law  in  Chicago,  111. 

Adams,  George  M.,  a  Representative  from 
Kentucky;  born  in  Barbourville,  Knox  county, 
Ky.,  December  20,  1837;  attended  Center  college, 
Danville,  Ky.;  studied  law,  and  was  admitted  to 
the  bar;  clerk  of  the  circuit  court  of  Knox  county, 
Ky.,  1859-1861;  in  August,  1861,  raised  a  company 
and  entered  the  Union  army;  captain  and  pay- 
master of  volunteers  until  the  close  of  the  war; 
elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Fortieth,  Forty-first, 
Forty-second,  and  Forty-third  Congresses  (March 
4,  1867-March  3,  1875);  elected  clerk  of  the  na- 
tional House  of  Representatives  in  the  Forty- 
fourth  Congress,  December  6,  1875,  and  served 
until  the  close  of  the  Forty -sixth  Congress;  re- 
sumed the  practice  of  law  in  Barbourville,  Ky. 

Adams,  Green,  a  Representative  from  Ken- 
tucky; born  in  Barbourville,  Ky.,  August  20, 
1812;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and 
practiced;  member  of  the  state  legislature  in  1839; 
elected  as  a  Whig  to  the  Thirtieth  Congress 
(March  4,  1847-March  3, 1849);  presidential  elector 
1844  and  1856;  judge  of  the  circuit  court  of  Ken- 
tucky 1851-1856;  elected  as  a  National  American 
to  the  Thirty-sixth  Congress  (March  4,  1859-March 
3,  1861);  sixth  auditor  of  the  treasury  from  April 
37,  1861,  to  October  26,  1864;  chief  clerk  of  the 
national  House  of  Representatives  in  the  Forty- 
fourth  Congress;  died  in  Philadelphia,  Pa.,  Janu- 
ary 18,  1884. 

Adams,  Henry  Cullen,  a  Representative  from 
Wisconsin;  born  in  Verona,  Oneida  county,  N.  Y., 
November  28,  1850;  removed  to  Wisconsin  in 
1851 ;  attended  Albion  academy  one  year,  and  the 
University  of  Wisconsin  three  years;  member  of  the 
Wisconsin  assembly  1883-1887;  state  superinten- 
dent of  public  property  1884-1890;  dairy  and  food 
commissioner  or  Wisconsin  1894-1902;  elected  as  a 
Republican  to  the  Fifty-eighth  and  Fifty-ninth 
Congresses  and  served  from  March  4, 1903,  until  his 
death  in  Madison,  Wis.,  July  9,  1906. 

Adams,  John,  a  Delegate  from  Massachusetts; 
bom  in  Braintree,  Mass.,  October  30,  1735;  was 
graduated  from  Harvard  college  in  1755;  studied 
law  and  was  admitted  to  the  Suffolk  county  bar 
in  1758;  joined  the  Sons  of  Liberty  and  appeared 
before  Governor  Hutchinson,  with  Otis  and  Grid- 
ley,  to  argue  against  the  stamp  act;  was  elected  to 
represent  Boston,  to  which  city  he  had  removed, 
in  the  general  court  in  1768;  elected  to  the  First 
Continental  Congress;  signed  the  Declaration  of 
Independence  and  proposed  George  Washington,  of 
Virginia,  for  general  of  the  American  army.  He 
became  head  of  the  war  department,  but  resigned 
and  was  appointed  commissioner,  superseding 
Deaiie,with  Franklin  and  Arthur  Lee,  to  the  Court 
of  France.  He  was  later  made  minister  plenipo- 
tentiary to  Holland,  to  negotiate  a  loan  in  1782; 
obtained  the  loan  and  negotiated  a  treaty  of  amity 
and  commerce;  was  the  first  accredited  minister 
to  England  in  1785,  where  he  remained  three  yeara; 


returned  to  the  United  States  in  April,  1788;  served 
as  Vice  President  of  the  United  States  1789- 
1797,  with  Washington  as  President;  elected  Presi- 
dent of  the  United  States  as  a  member  of  the 
Federalist  party  and  served  1797-1801 ;  his  last  act 
in  office  was  to  appoint  John  Marshall  chief  jus- 
tice of  the  supreme  court  of  the  United  States. 
At  the  age  of  85  he  acted  as  a  delegate  in  the  con- 
stitutional convention  of  Massachusetts;  died  in 
Quincy,  Mass.,  July  4,  1826. 

Adams,  John,  a  Representative  from  New 
York;  born  in  Durham,  N.  Y.,  August  26,  1778; 
studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  began 
practice  in  Catskill,  N.  Y.;  member  of  the  state 
house  of  representatives  1812-1813;  presented  cre- 
dentials as  a  Democratic  Member-elect  to  the 
Fourteenth  Congress,  and  served  from  March  4, 
1815,  to  December  26,  1815,  when  he  was  succeeded 
by  Erastus  Root,  who  contested  his  election;  then 
elected  as  a  Jacksonian  Democrat  to  the  Twenty- 
third  Congress  (March  4,  1833-March  3,  1835); 
died  in  Catskill,  N.  Y.,  September  28,  1854. 

Adams,  John  J.,  a  Representative  from  New 
York-  was  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Forty- 
eighth  and  Forty-ninth  Congresses  (March  4,  1883- 
March  3,  1887). 

Adams,  John  Quincy,  a  Senator  and  a  Represen- 
tative from  Massachusetts;  born  in  Braintree,  Mass., 
July  11, 1767;  acquired  early  education  in  Europe; 
attended  the  University  of  Leyden;  when  fifteen 

£3ars  of  age  went  to  St.  Petersburg  with  Francis 
ana;  after  making  an  extensive  tour  of  Europe 
returned  home  and  was  graduated  from  Harvard 
college  in  1788;  studied  law  in  Newburyport,  was 
admitted  to  the  bar,  and  began  practice  in  Boston, 
Mass.;  elected  to  the  state  senate  in  1802;  defeated 
candidate  for  Congress  in  1802;  elected  as  a  Fed- 
eralist to  the  United  States  Senate,  and  served  from 
March  4, 1803,  until  June  8, 1808,  when  he  resigned; 
United  States  minister  to  Russia  1809-1814 ;  member 
of  the  commission  which  negotiated  the  treaty  of 
Ghent  in  1815;  United  States  minister  to  England 
1815-1817,  and  assisted  in  concluding  the  conven- 
tion of  commerce  with  Great  Britian;  secretary  of 
state  under  President  Monroe  1817-1825 ;  in  1825  the 
election  of  a  President  fell,  according  to  the  Consti- 
tution of  the  United  States,  to  the  House  of  Repre- 
sentatives, as  neither  of  the  candidates  had  secured 
an  absolute  majority  of  the  electors  chosen  by  the 
states,  and  Adams,  who  stood  second  to  Jackson  in 
the  electoral  vote,  was  chosen;  defeated  candidate 
for  governor  of  Massachusetts  in  1834;  elected  as  a 
Whig  to  the  Twenty -second,  and  to  the  eight  suc- 
ceeding Congresses,  and  served  from  March  4,  1831, 
until  his  death  in  the  capitol  building  in  Wash- 
ington, D.  C.,  February  23,  1848. 

Adams,  Parmenio,  a  Representative  from  New 
York;  born  in  Hartford,  Conn.,  September  9,  1776; 
attended  the  public  schools;  removed  to  Genesee 
county,  N.  Y.;  twice  elected  sheriff  of  the  county; 
served  in  the  Revolutionary  war  as  paymaster  of 
Dobbins 's  New  York  volunteers;  a  construction 
contractor  on  the  Erie  canal;  successfully  contested, 
as  an  Adams  supporter,  the  election  of  Isaac  Wilson 
to  the  Eighteenth  Congress;  reelected  to  the  Nine- 
teenth Congress,  and  served  from  January  7,  1824, 
to  March  3,  1827;  died  in  Alexander,  Genesee 
county,  N.  Y.,  February  19,  1832. 

Adams,  Robert,  jr.,  a  Representative  from 
Pennsylvania;  born  in  Philadelphia,  Pa.,  Feb- 
ruary 26,  1849;  was  graduated  from  the  University 


430 


CONGRESSIONAL   DIRECTORY. 


of  Pennsylvania  in  1869;  studied  law,  admitted  to 
the  bar,  and  practiced;  member  of  the  United 
States  geological  survey  1871-1875,  and  engaged  in 
explorations  of  the  Yellowstone  park;  member  of 
the  state  senate  of  Pennsylvania  1883-1880;  was 
graduated  from  the  Wharton  school  of  economy 
and  finance  of  the  University  of  Pennsylvania  in 
1884;  appointed  United  States  minister  to  Brazil 
April  1,  1889,  and  resigned  June  1,  1890;  elected 
as  a  Republican  to  the  Fifty-third,  and  to  the  six 
succeeding  Congresses,  and  served  from  March  4, 
1893,  until  his  death  in  Washington,  D.  C.,  June 
1.1906. 

Adams,  Robert  H.,  a  Senator  from  Mississippi; 
born  in  Rockbridge  county,  Va.,  in  1792;  studied 
law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  began  practice  in 
Knoxville,  Tenn.;  removed  to  Natchez,  Miss.,  in 
1819;  member  of  the  state  house  of  representatives 
in  1828;  elected  to  the  United  States  Senate,  to  fill 
vacancy  caused  by  the  death  of  Thomas  B.  Reed, 
and  served  from  January  6,  1830,  until  his  death  in 
Natchez,  Miss.,  July  2,  1830. 

Adams,  Samuel,  a  Delegate  from  Massachu- 
setts; born  in  Boston,  Mass.,  September  27,  1722; 
was  graduated  from  Harvard  college  in  1740;  ap- 
pointed tax  collector  of  Boston,  drafted  the  in- 
structions given  by  the  town  of  Boston  to  its 
newly  chosen  representatives  with  reference  to 
Lord  Grenville's  proposed  stamp  act  in  May,  1764; 
member  of  the  general  court  of  Massachusetts 
1765-1774;  delegate  in  the  Continental  Congress 
1774-1781;  a  signer  of  the  Declaration  of  Inde- 
pendence; member  of  the  Massachusetts  consti- 
tutional convention  of  1779;  president  of  the  state 
senate  in  1781;  member  of  the  state  constitutional 
convention  that  adopted  the  Federal  Constitution 
in  1788;  elected  as  a  Democrat  lieutenant  gov- 
ernor of  Massachusetts  and  served  1789-1794;  gov- 
ernor 1794-1797;  defeated  as  the  Democratic 
candidate  for  the  First  Congress;  died  in  Boston, 
Mass.,  October  2,  1803. 

Adams,  Silas,  a  Representative  from  Ken- 
tucky; born  in  Pulaski  county,  Ky.,  February  9, 
1839;  attended  the  public  schools,  Kentucky 
university  in  Harrodsburg,  and  Transylvania  uni- 
versity in  Lexington;  entered  the  Lexington  law 
school  in  1867,  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar; 
served  two  terms  as  county  attorney,  and  three 
terms  in  the  legislature;  nominated  and  voted  for 
by  the  Republicans  of  the  state  legislature  for 
speaker  in  1892,  and  also  for  United  States  Sen- 
ator; entered  the  Union  Army  in  1861  as  first 
lieutenant,  first  Kentucky  volunteer  cavalry; 
promoted  to  captain,  lieutenant  colonel,  and 
colonel  of  the  regiment,  and  mustered  out  Decem- 
ber 31,  1864;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Fifty- 
third  Congress  (March  4,  1893-March  3,  1895); 
resumed  the  practice  of  law;  died  in  Liberty,  Casey 
county,  Ky.,  May  5,  1896. 

Adams,  Stephen,  a  Representative  and  a  Sena- 
tor from  Mississippi;  born  in  Pendleton  district, 
S.  C.,  October  17, 1804;  moved  with  his  parents  to 
Franklin  county,  Tenn.,  in  1812;  attended  the 
public  schools;  studied  law,  and  was  admitted  to 
the  bar  in  1829 ;  member  of  the  senate  of  Tennessee 
1833-1834;  moved  to  Aberdeen,  Miss.,  and  began 
the  practice  of  law;  member  of  the  house  of  repre- 
sentatives of  Mississippi;  circuit  judge  1837-1845; 
elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Twenty-ninth  Con- 
gress (March  4,  1845-March  3,  1847)-  judge  of  the 
circuit  court  in  1848;  elected  to  the  United  States 
Senate  as  a  States  Rights  Democrat,  to  fill  vacancy 


caused  by  the  resignation  of  Jefferson  Davis,  and 
served  from  February  19,  1852,  to  March  3,  1857; 
moved  to  Memphis,  Tenn.,  and  resumed  the  prac- 
tice of  law;  died  in  Memphis,  Tenn.,  May  11,  1857. 

Adams,  Thomas,  a  Delegate  from  Virginia; 
born  in  New  Kent  county,  Va.,  in  1730;  attended 
the  public  schools;  became  clerk  of  Henrico  county; 
spent  several  years  in  England,  but  returned  before 
the  Revolution;  member  of  the  Virginia  house  of 
burgesses,  and  signed  the  articles  of  "Association," 
May  27,  1774;  was  chairman  of  the  New  Kent 
county  committee  1774;  delegate  in  the  Conti- 
nental Congress  1778-1780;  moved  to  Augusta 
county;  member  of  the  state  senate  1784-1787;  died 
in  Augusta  county,  Va.,  in  October,  1788. 

Adamson,  William  Charles,  a  Representative 
from  Georgia;  born  in  Bowdon,  Carroll  county, 
Ga.,  August  13,  1854;  attended  the  common 
schools,  and  was  graduated  from  Bowdon  college 
in  1874;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar 
in  October,  1876,  and  commenced  practice  in 
Carrollton,  Ga. ;  judge  of  the  city  court  of  Carrollton 
1885-1889;  attorney  for  the  city  of  Carrollton  for 
several  years;  Democratic  presidential  elector  in 
1892;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Fifty-fifth,  and 
to  the  six  succeeding  Congresses  (March  4,  1897- 
March  3,  1911).  Reelected  to  the  Sixty-second 
Congress 

Addams,  William,  a  Representative  from  Penn- 
sylvania; born  in  Lancaster  county,  Pa.,  Septem- 
ber 7,  1776;  moved  to  Berks  county,  and  served 
as  auditor  1813-1814;  county  commissioner  1814- 
1817;  member  of  the  state  house  of  representatives 
1822-1824;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Nine- 
teenth and  Twentieth  Congresses  (March  4,  1825- 
March  3,  1829);  associate  judge  of  Berks  county 
1839-1842;  died  in  Spring  township,  near  Reading, 
Pa.,  March  31,  1858. 

Adgute,  Asa,  a  Representative  from  New  York; 
born  m  that  state;  member  of  the  state  house  of 
representatives  1798-1799;  elected  to  the  Four- 
teenth Congress  (March  4,  1815-March  3,  1817); 
again  chosen  a  member  of  the  state  house  of  repre- 
sentatives in  1823;  died  in  Clinton,  N.  Y. 

Adrain,  Garnett  Bowditch,  a  Representative 
from  New  Jersey ;  born  in  New  York  City  Decem- 
ber 20,  1815;  attended  the  grammar  schools,  and 
was  graduated  from  Rutgers  college,  New  Bruns- 
wick, N.  J.,  in  1833;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in 
1836,  and  commenced  practice  in  New  Brunswick, 
N.  J.;  licensed  as  a  counsellor  in  1839;  elected  as 
a  Democrat  to  the  Thirty-fifth  and  Thirty -sixth 
Congresses  (March  4,  1857-March  3,  1861);  died  in 
New  Brunswick,  N.  J.,  August  17,  1878. 

Ahl,  John  Alexander,  a  Representative  from 
Pennsylvania;  born  in  Strasburg,  Franklin  county 
Pa.,  August  16,  1813;  moved  with  his  parents  to 
Newville,  Cumberland  county ;  attended  the  public 
schools;  studied  medicine,  and  was  graduated  from 
the  Washington  medical  college  of  Baltimore,  Md., 
in  1836,  and  practiced  until  1850,  when  he  engaged 
in  manufacturing;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the 
Thirty-fifth  Congress  (March  4,  1857-March  3, 
1859);  operated  a  paper  mill  and  iron  works  until 
his  death  in  Newville,  Pa.,  April  25,  1882 

Aiken,  David  Wyatt,  a  Representative  from 
South  Carolina;  born  in  Winnsboro,  Fairfield 
county,  S.  C.,  March  17, 1828;  attended  Mount Zion 
institute,  Winnsboro,  and  was  graduated  from  the 


BIOGRAPHIES. 


431 


South  Carolina  college,  Columbia,  in  1849;  taught 
school  two  years;  engaged  in  farming  in  1852;  vol- 
unteered inthe  Confederate  army  as  a  private  in  1861 ; 
appointed  adjutant  of  the  seventh  regiment  of  vol- 
unteers ;  elected  colonel  when  the  regiment  was  reor- 
ganized ;  relieved  from  service  by  reason  of  wounds 
received  on  the  17th  of  September,  1862,  at  Antie- 
tam;  elected  to  the  state  legislature  in  1864  and 
again  in  1866;  master  of  the  state  grange  for  two 
years  and  member  of  the  executive  committee 
of  the  National  grange  for  six  years;  delegate  in 
the  Democratic  national  convention  in  St.  Louis 
that  nominated  Tild en  and  Hendricks;  elected  as  a 
Democrat  to  the  Forty-fifth,  Forty-sixth,  Forty- 
seventh,  Forty-eighth,  and  Forty-ninth  Congresses 
(March  4,  1877-March  3,  1887);  an  invalid  through- 
out his  last  term  in  Congress;  died  in  Cokesbury, 
S.  C.,  April  6,  1887. 

Aiken,  William,  a  Representative  from  South 
Carolina;  born  in  Charleston,  S.  C.,  August  4,  1806; 
was  graduated  from  the  College  of  South  Carolina 
in  1825;  engaged  in  agriculture;  member  of  the 
state  house  of  representatives  1838-1842;  elected  to 
the  state  senate;  governor  of  South  Carolina  1844- 
1846;  elected  to  the  Thirty-second,  Thirty-third, 
and  Thirty-fourth  Congresses  (March  4,  1851-March 
3,  1857);  presented  credentials,  February  12,  1867, 
as  a  Member-elect  to  the  Thirty-ninth  Congress,  but 
was  not  admitted  to  the  seat;  died  in  Flat  Rock, 
N.  C.,  September  7-  1887. 

Aiken,  Wyatt,  a  Representative  from  South 
Carolina;  born  near  Cokesbury ,  Greenwood  county, 
S.  C.,  December  14,  1863;  reared  on  a  farm; 
attended  the  common  schools  of  Cokesbury  and 
the  public  schools  of  Washington,  D.  C.;  official 
court  reporter  for  the  second  South  Carolina 
judicial  circuit,  and  a  year  later  in  the  eighth  cir- 
cuit; served  as  a  member  of  company  A,  first 
South  Carolina  regiment  of  infantry,  War  with 
Spain;  was  appointed  battalion  adjutant  by  Gov. 
Ellerbe,  and  acted  as  regimental  quartermaster 
during  the  greater  portion  of  the  service;  was  mus- 
tered out  at  Columbia,  S.  C.,  November  10, 1898; 
delegate  in  several  state  conventions;  elected  as  a 
Democrat  to  the  Fifty -eighth,  Fifty-ninth,  Sixtieth, 
and  Sixty-first  Congresses  (March  4,  1903-March  3, 
1911).  Reelected  to  the  Sixty-second  Congress. 

Ainslie,  George,  a  Delegate  from  the  Territory 
of  Idaho;  born  near  Boonville,  Cooper  county,  Mo., 
October  30, 1838 ;  attended  the  common  schools,  and 
the  St.  Louis  university  1856-1 857;  studied  law,  and 
was  admitted  to  the  bar  of  Missouri  in  1860;  removed 
to  Colorado  in  1860,  and  in  1862  went  to  that  portion 
of  the  Territory  of  Washington  that  now  constitutes 
the  State  of  Idaho;  engaged  in  mining  and  practiced 
law;  elected  a  member  of  the  legislature  in  1865 
and  1866;  edited  the  Idaho  World,  then  a  Demo- 
cratic newspaper,  from  1869  to  1873;  elected  dis- 
trict attorney  of  the  second  district  in  1874  and 
1876;  elected  as  a  Democrat  a  Delegate  from  the 
Territory  of  Idaho  to  the  Forty-sixth  and  Forty- 
seventh  Congresses  (March  4,  1879-March  3, 1883); 
built  the  first  electric  street  railway  in  Boise  City, 
Idaho;  settled  in  Oakland,  Cal.,  and  retired  from 
business. 

Ainsworth,  Lucien  Lester,  a  Representative 
from  Iowa;  born  in  New  Woodstock,  N.  Y .,  June  21, 
1831 ;  attended  the  public  schools,  and  the  Oneida 
seminary  in  Cazenovia,  N.  Y. ;  studied  law,  and  was 
admitted  to  the  bar  in  Madison  county,  N.  Y.,  in 
1854;  moved  to  Iowa  in  1855,  and  commenced  the 
practice  of  law  in  West  Union;  member  of  the  state 


senate  1860-1862;  entered  the  Union  Army  as  cap- 
tain in  the  sixth  Iowa  cavalry  in  1862,  and  served 
three  years  against  the  Indians  in  the  northwest- 
after  leaving  the  Army  returned  to  West  Union,  and 
resumed  the  practice  of  law;  member  of  the  state 
house  of  representatives  in  1872  and  1873;  elected 
as  an  anti-Monopolist  to  the  Forty-fourth  Congress 
(March  4,  1875-March  3,  1877);  resumed  the  prac- 
tice of  law  in  West  Union,  Iowa,  and  died  there 
April  19,  1902. 

Aitken,  David.  Demerest,  a  Representative 
from  Michigan;  born  in  Genesee  county,  Mich., 
September  5,  1854;  attended  the  public  schools  of 
Flint;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1878, 
and  commenced  practice  in  Flint;  elected  as  a 
Republican  to  the  Fifty-third  and  Fifty-fourth 
Congresses  (March  4,  1893-March  3,  1897);  resumed 
the  practice  of  law  in  Flint;  supreme  counsellor 
and  attorney  for  the  Maccabees  of  the  World;  in- 
terested in  the  manufacture  of  automobiles  in 
Flint,  Mich.;  elected  mayor  of  Flint,  Mich.,  in 
1905. 

Akers,  Thomas  Peters,  a  Representative  from 
Missouri;  born  in  Knox  county,  Ohio,  October  4, 
1828;  was  graduated  from  an  Ohio  college;  studied 
law,  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar;  taught  school 
for  a  time  in  Kentucky;  moved  to  Lexington,  Mo., 
in  1853;  elected  as  a  National  American  to  the 
Thirty-fourth  Congress,  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by 
the  death  of  John  G.  Miller,  and  served  from  Au- 
gust 18, 1856,  to  March  3,  1857;  moved  to  New  York 
City,  and  became  vice  president  of  the  gold  board; 
removed  to  Utah,  and  soon  after  returned  to  Mis- 
souri; died  in  Lexington,  Mo.,  April  3,  1877. 

Albert,  William  Julian,  a  Representative  from 
Maryland;  born  in  Baltimore,  Md.,  August  4,  1816; 
attended  Mount  St.  Mary's  college,  Maryland;  a 
merchant,  but  in  1 856  retired ;  president  of  the  elec- 
toral college  of  Maryland  in  1864,  and  voted  for 
Abraham  Lincoln  for  President  of  the  United 
States;  one  of  the  founders  and  directors  of  the 
First  National  bank  of  Maryland ;  director  of  sev- 
eral insurance  companies,  savings  banks,  and 
manufacturing  companies;  elected  as  a  Republican 
to  the  Forty- third  Congress  (March  4, 1873-March  3, 
1875);  died  in  Baltimore,  Md.,  March  29,  1879. 

Albertson,  Nathaniel,  a  Representative  from 
Indiana;  born  in  Virginia;  moved  to  Greenville, 
Ind.;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Thirty-first  Con- 
gress (March  4,  1849-March  3,  1851). 

Albright,  Charles,  a  Representative  from 
Pennsylvania;  born  in  Berks  county,  Pa.,  Decem- 
ber 13,  1830;  attended  Dickinson  college;  studied 
law,  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1852;  moved  to 
the  Territory  of  Kansas  in  1854,  and  participated 
in  its  early  struggles;  returned  to  Pennsylvania, 
and  resumed  the  practice  of  law  in  Mauch  Chunk  in 
1856;  delegate  in  the  Republican  national  conven- 
tion of  1860;  served  in  the  Union  army;  major  of 
the  one  hundred  and  thirty-second  regiment  Penn- 
sylvania volunteers  August  21,  1862;  lieutenant 
colonel  September  18,  1862;  colonel  January  24, 
1863;  honorably  mustered  out  May  24,  1865;  re- 
commissioned  colonel  of  the  thirty-fourth  Penn- 
sylvania militia  July  3,  1863,  and  honorably 
mustered  out  August  10,  1863;  recommissioned 
colonel  of  the  two  hundred  and  second  Pennsyl- 
vania infantry  September  4,  1864;  brevet  brigadier 
general  of  volunteers  March  7,  1865;  honorably 
mustered  out  August  3,  1865;  resumed  business 
in  Mauch  Chunk,  Pa.;  delegate  in  the  Republican 


432 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIEECTORY. 


national  convention  in  Philadelphia  in  1872 ;  elected 
as  a  Republican  to  the  Forty- third  Congress  (March 
4, 1873-March  3,  1875);  died  inMauch  Chunk,  Pa., 
September  28,  1880. 

Albright,  Charles  J.,  a  Representative  from 
Ohio;  born  in  Pennsylvania;  moved  to  Ohio; 
elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Thirty-fourth  Con- 
gress (March  4,  1855-March  3,  1857). 

Alcorn,  James  Lusk,  a  Senator  from  Missis- 
sippi; born  near  Golconda,  111.,  November  4, 1816; 
attended  public  schools  of  Livingston  county,  Ky., 
and  was  graduated  from  Cumberland  college,  Ken- 
tucky; studied  law,  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar; 
deputy  sheriff  of  Livingston  county  for  four  years; 
elected  to  the  legislature  in  1843;  moved  to  Coa- 
homa  county,  Miss.,  in  1844,  and  entered  upon  the 
practice  of  law;  served  sixteen  years  in  the  house 
and  senate  of  the  Mississippi  legislature;  Whig  elec- 
tor at  large  on  the  Scott  ticket  in  1852;  founder  of 
the  Mississippi  levee  system,  and  was  made  presi- 
dent of  the  levee  board  of  the  Mississippi- Yazoo 
delta;  delegate  in  the  state  conventions  of  1851 
and  1861;  served  in  the  Confederate  army;  pre- 
sented credentials  as  a  United  States  Senator-elect 
in  1865,  but  was  not  allowed  to  take  the  seat; 
elected  governor  of  Mississippi  on  the  Republican 
ticket  in  1869,  and  inaugurated  in  March,  1870; 
resigned  November  30,  1871;  elected  to  the  Senate 
of  the  United  States,  and  took  his  seat  December 
4,  1871,  and  served  until  March  3,  1877;  defeated 
as  an  independent  candidate  for  governor  in  1873; 
member  of  the  state  constitutional  convention  of 
1890;  died  in  his  plantation  home  "Eagles  Nest" 
in  Coahoma  county,  Miss.,  December  19,  1894. 

Alderson,  John  Duffy,  a  Representative  from 
West  Virginia;  born  in  Nicholas  Courthouse,  W. 
Va.,  November  29,  1854;  attended  the  common 
schools;  studied  law,  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar; 
appointed  prosecuting  attorney  for  the  counties 
of  Nicholas  and  Webster;  elected  prosecuting  at- 
torney for  these  counties  in  1876,  and  twice  re- 
elected,  and  served  until  January  1,  1889;  elected 
as  a  Democrat  to  the  Fifty-first,  Fifty-second  and 
Fifty-third  Congresses  (March  4,  1899-March  3, 
1895);  resumed  the  practice  of  law  in  Nicholas, 
W.  Va.;  delegate  in  the  Democratic  national  con- 
vention in  Kansas  City  in  1900;  died  in  Rich- 
wood,  W.  Va.,  December  5,  1910. 

Aldrich,  Cyrus,  a  Representative  from  Minne- 
sota; born  in  Smithfield,  R.  I.,  June  18,  1808; 
attended  the  common  schools;  followed  the  occupa- 
tions of  sailor,  boatman,  farmer,  contractor  on 
public  works,  and  mail  contractor;  located  in  Illi- 
nois; member  of  the  Illinois  legislature;  register  of 
deeds  and  register  of  the  land  office  at  Dixon,  111., 
for  four  years;  moved  to  Minnesota;  member  of  the 
state  constitutional  convention;  member  of  the 
county  board  of  Hennepin  county;  elected  as  a 
Republican  to  the  Thirty -sixth  and  Thirty -seventh 
Congresses  (March  4,  1859-March  3,  1863);  ap- 
pointed by  President  Lincoln  a  commissioner  to 
settle  claims  against  the  Sioux  Indians;  appointed 
by  President  Johnson  postmaster  of  Minneapolis, 
Minn.,  in  February,  1867;  died  in  Minneapolis, 
Minn.,  October  5,  1871. 

Aldrich,  James  Franklin,  a  Representative 
from  Illinois;  born  in  Two  Rivers,  Manitowoc 
county,  Wis.,  April  6, 1853;  moved  with  his  parents 
to  Chicago  in  April,  1861;  attended  the  public 
schools,  Chicago  university,  and  was  graduated 
from  the  Rensselaer  polytechnic  institute,  Troy, 


N.  Y.,  in  1877;  engaged  in  the  manufacture  of 
linseed  oil,  and  subsequently  in  the  gas  busi- 
ness; member  of  the  Cook  county  board  of  commis- 
sioners, and  president  in  1887;  commissioner  of 
public  works  of  Chicago  from  May  1, 1891,  to  Janu- 
ary 1,  1893;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Fifty- 
third  and  Fifty-fourth  Congresses  (March  4,  1893- 
March  3,  1897);  located  in  New  York  City. 

Aldrich,  Nelson  Wilmarth,  a  Representative 
and  a  Senator  from  Rhode  Island;  born  in  Foster, 
R.  I.,  November  6,  1841;  attended  the  public 
schools  of  Killingly,  Conn.,  and  was  graduated  from 
the  academy  of  East  Greenwich,  R.  I.;  entered 
business  life  in  Providence;  member  of  the  city 
council  1869-1875;  president  of  the  council  1872- 
1873;  elected  to  the  general  assembly  of  the  state, 
and  speaker  of  the  house  in  1876 ;  elected  as  a  Repub- 
lican to  the  Forty-sixth  and  Forty-seventh  Con- 
gresses (March  4, 1879-March  3, 1883) ;  elected  to  the 
United  States  Senate,  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  the 
death  of  Ambrose  E.  Burnside;  reelected  in  1886, 
1892,  and  in  1898,  and  served  from  Octobers,  1881, 
to  March  3,  1911;  was  chairman  of  the  commit- 
tee on  rules,  and  a  member  of  and  chairman  of 
the  committee  on  finance  in  which  positions  he 
was  retained  during  his  term  of  service  in  the 
Senate;  was  thoroughly  familiar  with  the  intricate 
questions  of  finance  and  tariff,  and  was  accorded  an 
attentive  hearing  whenever  he  addressed  the 
Senate;  to  him  is  accredited  the  reciprocity  pro- 
visions of  the  McKinley  tariff  law.  Throughout 
his  career  in  the  Senate  he  was  prominent  in  the 
discussion  of  every  great  financial  question  that 
arose  in  Congress;  was  chairman  of  the  National 
monetary  commission  created  by  the  currency  act 
of  May  30,  1908,  and  proposed  the  plan  for  a  na- 
tional reserve  association;  resumed  business  activi- 
ties in  Providence,  R.  I. 

Aldrich,  Truman  Heminway,  a  Representa- 
tive from  Alabama;  born  in  Palmyra,  Wayne 
county,  N.  Y.,  October  17,  1848;  attended  the 
public  schools,  and  the  military  academy  at  West 
Chester,  Pa.,  and  was  graduated  from  the  Rensselaer 
polytechnic  institute  of  Troy,  N.  Y.,  in  1869; 
practiced  engineering  in  New  York  and  New  Jer- 
sey; moved  to  Selma,  Ala.,  in  winter  of  1871-1872; 
engaged  in  banking  and  the  mining  of  coal,  and 
became  vice  president  and  general  manager  of  the 
Tennessee  Coal,  Iron  &  Railroad  company  in  1892; 
successfully  contested  the  election  of  Oscar  W. 
Underwood  to  the  Fifty-fourth  Congress,  and  was 
seated  two  days  before  the  close  of  the  first  session 
of  the  Congress;  served  from  June  9, 1896,  to  March 
3,  1897;  postmaster  of  Birmingham,  Ala. 

Aldrich,  William,  a  Representative  from  Illi- 
nois; born  in  Greenfield,  Saratoga  county,  N.  Y., 
January  19,  1820;  reared  on  a  farm;  attended  the 
common  schools,  and  taught  school ;  engaged  in  mer- 
cantile pursuits  in  1846;  moved  to  Wisconsin  in  1851, 
where  he  continued  as  a  merchant,  and  in  addition 
engaged  in  the  manufacture  of  lumber,  wooden- 
ware,  and  furniture;  for  three  years  superintendent 
of  schools;  chairman  of  the  county  board  of  super- 
visors one  year;  member  of  the  state  assembly 
in  1859;  removed  to  Chicago  in  1861,  and  entered 
the  wholesale  grocery  business;  elected  to  city 
council  in  1876,  and  selected  as  chairman;  elected 
as  a  Republican  to  the  Forty-fifth,  Forty-sixth, 
and  Forty-seventh  Congresses  (March  4,  1877- 
March  3,  1883);  died  in  Chicago,  111.,  December  20, 
1885. 


BIOGRAPHIES. 


433 


Aldrich, William  Farrington,  a  Representative 
from  Alabama;  born  in  Palmyra,  Wayne  county, 
N.  Y.,  March  11, 1853;  attended  the  public  school; 
moved  with  his  father  to  New  York  City  in  1865; 
attended  several  schools,  and  was  graduated  from 
Warren's  military  academy  in  Poughkeepsie,  N. 
Y.,  in  1873;  went  to  Alabama  in  1874;  engaged  in 
mining  and  manufacturing;  built  up  the  town  that 
bears  his  name;  successfully  contested  as  a  Repub- 
lican the  election  of  Gaston  A.  Robbins  to  the  Fifty- 
fourth  Congress,  and  served  from  March  13,  1896, 
to  March  3,  1897;  successfully  contested  the  elec- 
tion of  Thomas  S.  Plowman  to  the  Fifty-fifth  Con- 
gress, and  served  from  February  9,  1898,  to  March 
3,  1899;  again  successfully  contested  the  election 
of  Gaston  A.  Robbins  to  the  Fifty-sixth  Congress, 
and  served  from  March  8,  1900,  to  March  3,  1901; 
editor,  owner,  and  publisher  of  the  Birmingham, 
Ala.,  Times. 

Alexander,  Adam  R.,  a  representative  from 
Tennessee;  born  in  Washington  county,  Va.; 
studied  law,  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar;  removed 
to  Madison  county,  Tenn. ;  elected  to  the  Eighteenth 
and  Nineteenth  Congresses  (March  4,  1823-March 

3,  1827);  died  in  Jackson,  Tenn. 

Alexander,  Armstead  M.,  a  Representative 
from  Missouri;  attended  common  schools;  engaged 
in  business  in  Paris,  Mo. ;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to 
the  Forty-eighth  Congress  (March  4, 1883-March  3, 
1885);  died  an  Paris,  Mo.,  November  7,  1892. 

Alexander,  De  Alva  Stanwood,  a  Represen- 
tative from  New  York;  born  in  Richmond,  Me., 
July  17,  1846;  entered  the  Union  army  and  served 
three  years;  prepared  for  college  in  the  Edward  Lit- 
tle institute,  Auburn,  Me.,  and  was  graduated  from 
Bowdoin  college  in  1870;  located  in  Indianapolis, 
Ind.;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and 
practiced  1877-1881;  delegate  in  the  Republican 
national  convention  in  1872;  appointed  filth  audi- 
tor of  the  Treasury  in  1881,  and  served  until  1885; 
served  one  term  as  commander  of  the  Department 
of  the  Potomac,  Grand  Army  of  the  Republic; 
removed  to  Buffalo,  N.  Y.,  in  1885;  appointed 
United  States  attorney  for  the  northern  district  of 
New  York  in  May,  1889,  and  served  until  Decem- 
ber, 1893;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Fifty- 
fifth,  and  to  the  six  succeeding  Congresses  (March 

4,  1897 -March  3,  1911);  resumed  the  practice  of 
law  in  Buffalo,  N.  Y. 

Alexander,  Evans,  a  Representative  from 
North  Carolina;  born  in  that  state;  was  graduated 
from  Princeton  college  in  1787;  member  of  the 
state  legislature  for  two  years;  elected  to  the  Ninth 
Congress,  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  the  resigna- 
tion of  Nathaniel  Alexander;  reelected  to  the 
Tenth  Congress,  and  served  from  February  24, 1806, 
to  March  3,  1809;  died  October  28,  1809. 

Alexander,  Henry  Porteus,  a  Representative 
from  New  York;  born  in  Little  Falls,  N.  Y.,  Sep- 
tember 13,  1801;  attended  the  public  schools;  en- 
gaged in  mercantile  pursuits  in  Little  Falls;  elected 
to  the  Thirty-first  Congress  (March  4, 1849-March  3, 
1851);  died  in  Little  Falls,  N.  Y.,  February  22, 
1867. 

Alexander,  James,  jr.,  a  Representative  from 
Ohio;  native  of  Maryland;  attended  the  public 
schools;  moved  to  St.  Clairsville,  Ohio;  elected 
as  a  Whig  to  the  Twenty-fifth  Congress  (March  4, 
1837-March  3,  1839);  died  in  St.  Clairsville,  Ohio, 
August  6,  1846. 

50346°— S.  Doc.  654,  61-2 28 


Alexander,  John,  a  Representative  from  Ohio; 
born  in  Spartanburg,  S.  C.;  after  attending  the 
public  schools  and  attaining  his  majority,  moved 
to  Ohio,  where  he  became  widely  known  in  politics; 
elected  to  the  Thirteenth  and  Fourteenth  Con- 
gresses, and  served  from  March  4,  1813,  to  March  3, 
1817. 

Alexander,  Joshua  Willis,  a  Representative 
from  Missouri;  born  in  Cincinnati,  Ohio,  January 
22, 1852;  attended  the  public  schools,  and  was  grad- 
uated from  Christian  university,  Canton,  Mo.,  in 
June,  1872;  studied  law,  and  was  admitted  to  the 
bar  in  1875  in  Gallatin,  Mo.;  elected  public  admin- 
istrator of  Daviess  county  in  1876,  and  reelected  in 
1880.  In  April,  1882,  was  elected  a  member  of 
the  board  of  education  of  Gallatin  school  district, 
and  served  as  president  and  later  as  secretary,  for 
twenty-one  years;  in  1882  was  elected  represent- 
ative to  the  general  assembly  of  Missouri  from 
Daviess  county,  and  reelected  in  1884  and  1886; 
speaker  of  the  house  in  the  thirty -fourth  assembly; 
served  two  terms  as  mayor  of  Gallatin;  judge  of  the 
seventh  judicial  circuit  of  Missouri  from  January, 
1901,  to  February  1,  1907;  elected  as  a  Democrat 
to  the  Sixtieth  and  Sixty-first  Congresses  (March  4, 
1907-Mar-ch  3,  1911).  Reelected  to  the  Sixty-second 
Congress. 

Alexander,  Mark,  a  Representative  from  Vir- 
ginia; born  in  Mecklenburg  county,  Va.,  February 
7,  1792;  attended  the  public  schools,  and  the  Uni- 
versity of  North  Carolina;  studied  law,  was  admit- 
ted to  the  bar,  and  practiced  in  Boydton  and 
Lombardy  Grove,  Va.;  member  of  the  house  of 
delegates  1817-1819;  member  of  the  state  consti- 
tutional convention  in  1829;  elected  as  a  State 
Rights  Democrat  to  the  Sixteenth,  Seventeenth, 
Eighteenth,  Nineteenth,  Twentieth,  Twenty-first, 
and  Twenty-second  Congresses,  and  served  from 
March  4,  1819,  to  March  3,  1833;  died  in  Scotland 
Neck,  Halifax  county,  N.  C.,  October  7,  1883. 

Alexander,  Nathaniel,  a  Representative  from 
North  Carolina;  born  in  Mecklenburg  county, 
N.  C.,  March  5, 1756;  was  graduated  from  Princeton 
college  in  1776;  studied  medicine  and  surgery; 
served  in  the  Revolutionary  army  as  a  surgeon; 
after  independence  was  established  practiced  his 
profession  at  the  High  Hills  of  Santee;  served  in 
the  legislature  for  several  years;  elected  to  the 
Eighth  Congress,  and  served  from  March  4, 1803,  to 
March  3,  1805;  reelected  to  the  Ninth  Congress, 
and  served  from  March  4  to  November,  1805,  when 
he  resigned;  governor  of  North  Carolina  1805-1807; 
died  in  Salisbury,  N.  C.,  March  8,  1808. 

Alexander,  Robert,  a  Delegate  from  Maryland; 
native  of  Baltimore  county,  Md.;  member  of  the 
provincial  convention  of  Maryland  in  1774,  1775, 
and  1776;  elected  to  the  Continental  Congress  De- 
cember 9,  1775,  and  reelected  July  4,  1776,  but 
soon  after  the  promulgation  of  the  Declaration  of 
Independence  he  left  Maryland,  joined  the  '  'Asso- 
ciated Loyalists  of  America"  and  then  went  to 
England,  where  he  remained  until  his  death;  in 
1780  he  was  adjudged  guilty  of  high  treason,  and 
his  property  was  confiscated. 

Alexander,  SydenhamBenoni,  a  Representa- 
tive from  North  Carolina;  born  in  Mecklenburg 
county,  N.  C.,  December  8,  1840;  was  graduated 
from  the  University  of  North  Carolina  in  1860;  en- 
listed in  the  Confederate  army  in  1861  as  a  private 
in  the  first  North  Carolina  volunteer  infantry; 
elected  captain  of  company  K,  forty -second  North 


434 


CONGRESSIONAL   DIRECTORY. 


Carolina  infantry  in  June,  1862;  detached  from 
his  company  in  1864,  and  served  as  inspector  gen- 
eral on  the  staff  of  Maj.  Gen.  R.  F.  Hoke;  elected 
to  the  state  senate  in  1878,  1882,  1884,  and  1886; 
member  of  the  board  of  trustees  of  the  North  Caro- 
lina agricultural  and  mechanical  college;  elected 
as  a  Democrat  to  the  Fifty-second  and  Fifty-third 
Congresses  (March  4,  1891-March  3,  1895);  retired 
to  his  farm  in  Mecklenburg  county,  N.  C. 

Alford,  Julius  C.,  a  Representative  from  Geor- 
gia; born  in  Greensboro,  N.  C.,  May  10,  1799; 
attended  the  common  schools  and  an  academy; 
studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  began 
practice  in  Lagrange,  Ga.;  elected  as  a  State 
Rights  Whig  to  the  Twenty-fourth  Congress,  to 
fill  vacancy  caused  by  the  resignation  of  George 
W.  B.  Towns,  and  served  from  January  31, 1837,  to 
March  3,  1837;  defeated  for  reelection  to  the 
Twenty-fifth  Congress;  reelected  as  a  Harrison 
Whig  to  the  Twenty-sixth  and  Twenty-seventh 
Congresses  (March  4,  1839,  to  March  3,  1843); 
moved  to  Tuskegee,  Ala.,  and  later  settled  near 
Montgomery,  Ala.;  resumed  the  practice  of  law; 
twice  defeated  for  reelection  to  Congress;  died  near 
Montgomery,  Ala.,  in  January,  1863. 

Alger,  Russell  Alexander,  a  Senator  from 
Michigan;  born  in  Medina  county,  Ohio,  February 
27,  1836;  at  the  age  of  eleven  years  his  parents 
died;  for  seven  years  he  labored  on  a  farm,  at- 
tended the  Richfield  academy,  in  Summit  county, 
Ohio,  in  winters,  and  subsequently  taught  country 
school;  studied  law  in  Akron,  Ohio;  admitted  to 
the  bar  in  March,  1859;  removed  to  Grand  Rapids, 
Mich.,  and  engaged  in  the  lumber  business;  re- 
moved to  Detroit,  and  in  August,  1861,  enlisted  in 
the  Army  as  a  private;  commissioned  captain  of 
company  C,  second  Michigan  cavalry,  September 
2, 1861 ;  major  of  the  regiment  April  2, 1862 ;  lieuten- 
ant colonel  sixth  Michigan  cavalry,  October  30, 
1862;  colonel  fifth  Michigan  cavalry,  June  11, 1863; 
brevet  brigadier  general,  United  States  volunteers, 
for  gallant  and  meritorious  services  to  rank  from 
the  battle  of  Trevillon  Station,  June  11,  1864; 
brevet  major  general,  United  States  volunteers, 
June  11,  1865,  for  gallant  and  meritorious  services 
during  the  war,  having  participated  in  sixty-six 
battles  and  skirmishes.  After  the  close  of  the  war 
he  reengaged  in  the  business  of  lumbering;  was 
elected  commander  in  chief  of  the  Grand  Army  of 
the  Republic  in  1£89;  delegate  in  the  Republican 
national  convention  of  1884;  elected  governor  of 
Michigan  the  same  year;  declined  a  renomination 
in  1886;  Republican  elector  at  large  in  1888;  March 
5,  1897,  was  appointed  Secretary  of  War  by  Presi- 
dent McKinley,  and  resigned  August  1,  1899; 
September  27,  1902,  appointed  to  the  United 
States  Senate,  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  the  death 
of  James  McMillan,  and  took  his  seat  January  26, 
1903;  was  elected  by  the  legislature  in  January, 
1903;  and  served  from  September  27,  1902,  until 
his  death  in  Washington,  D.  C.,  January  24,  1907; 
interment  in  Elmwood  cemetery,  Detroit,  Mich. 

Allan,  Chilton,  a  Representative  from  Ken- 
tucky; born  in  Albemarle  county,  Va.,  April  6, 
1786;  attended  the  common  schools;  moved  to 
Kentucky;  studied  law,  and  was  admitted  to  the 
bar;  elected  to  the  legislature  in  1811,  and  served 
for  several  terms;  elected  as  a  Clay  Democrat  to 
the  Twenty-second,  Twenty-third,  and  Twenty- 
fourth  Congresses,  and  served  from  March  4, 1831,  to 
March  3,  1837;  elected  president  of  the  state  board 
of  internal  improvements  in  1838;  again  elected  to 


the  state  house  of  representatives  in  1842;    died 
in  Winchester,  Ky.,  September  3,  1858. 

Allee,  James  Frank,  a  Senator  from  Delaware; 
born  in  Dover,  Del.,  December  2,  1857;  attended 
the  common  schools;  learned  the  trade  of  jeweler 
and  watchmaker  from  his  father,  whom  he  suc- 
ceeded in  business;  president  of  the  Bay  State 
gas  company,  of  Delaware,  and  of  the  Staten 
Island  brick  company;  elected  to  the  state  senate 
on  the  Union  Republican  ticket  in  1898  and  1902; 
elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  United  States  Sen- 
ate March  2,  1903,  to  fill  a  vacancy  that  had  ex- 
isted since  March  3,  1901,  caused  by  the  failure 
of  the  legislature  to  elect;  took  his  seat  March  3, 
1903,  and  served  until  March  3,  1907;  resumed 
business  in  Dover,  Del. 

Allen,  Amos  Lawrence,  a  Representative  from 
Maine;  born  in  Waterboro,  York  county,  Me.,  March 
17,  1837;  attended  the  common  schools,  and  the 
Whitestown  seminary,  Whitestown,  N.  Y.,  and  was 
graduated  from  Bowdoin  college  in  1860;  studied 
law  in  the  Columbian  law  school  in  Washington, 
D.  C.;  admitted  to  the  bar  of  York  county  in  1866; 
served  as  a  clerk  in  the  Treasury  department  for 
about  three  years;  elected  clerk  of  the  courts  for 
York  county  in  1870,  reelected  three  times,  and 
served  until  January  1,  1883;  member  of  the  Maine 
legislature  1886-1887;  private  secretary  to  Speaker 
Reed  in  three  Congresses;  delegate  at  large  to  the 
Republican  national  convention  in  St.  Louis  in 
1896;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Fifty -sixth 
Congress,  November  6,  1899,  to  fill  vacancy 
caused  by  the  resignation  of  Thomas  B.  Reed; 
reelected  to  the  Fifty-seventh,  Fifty-eighth,  Fifty- 
ninth,  Sixtieth,  and  Sixty-first  Congresses,  and 
served  from  November  6,  1899,  until  his  death  in 
Washington,  D.  C.,  February  20,  1911. 

Allen,  Andrew,  a  Delegate  from  Pennsylvania; 
born  in  Philadelphia,  Pa.,  in  1740;  was  graduated 
from  the  University  of  Pennsylvania  in  1759; 
completed  law  studies  at  the  Temple  Bar  in  Lon- 
don, England;  admitted  to  practice  in  Pennsyl- 
vania in  1765,  and  practiced  in  Philadelphia;  mem- 
ber of  the  common  council  of  Philadelphia  in  1768; 
member  of  the  Provisional  assembly  and  of  the 
Provisional  council  1765-1775;  member  of  the 
committee  of  safety  1775-1776;  delegate  in  the 
Continental  Congress  1775-1776,  but  disapproved 
of  independence  and  withdrew  in  June,  1776; 
when  the  Royalist  Army  entered  New  York  he 
went  within  the  British  lines,  took  the  oath  of 
allegiance  to  the  king,  renounced  those  he  had 
taken  to  Congress,  and  went  to  England;  at- 
tainted of  treason  and  his  estates  forfeited;  com- 
pensated by  the  British  government  with  a  pension 
of  £400  per  annum;  died  in  London,  England, 
March  7,  1825. 

Allen,  Charles,  a  Representative  from  Massa- 
chusetts; born  in  Worcester,  Mass.,  August  9,  1797; 
studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1821,  and 
began  practice  in  New  Braintree;  moved  to  Worces- 
ter; member  of  the  state  house  of  representatives 
in  1829,  1834,  1836,  and  1840,  and  of  the  state 
senate  in  1835,  1838,  and  1839;  member  of  the 
northeastern  boundary  commission  in  1842;  judge 
of  the  court  of  common  pleas  1842-1845;  declined 
to  be  a  candidate  for  judge  of  the  state  supreme 
court  in  1847,  after  having  received  the  nomina- 
tion; elected  by  the  Free-Soil  party  to  the  Thirty- 
first  and  Thirty-second  Congresses  (March  4,  1849- 
March  3,  1851);  member  of  the  state  constitutional 
convention  of  1853;  chief  justice  of  the  Suffolk 


BIOGRAPHIES. 


435 


county  superior  court  1859-1867 ;  delegate  in  the 
peace  conference  in  1861;  died  in  Worcester, 
Mas?.,  August  6,  1869. 

Allen,  Charles  Herbert,  a  Representative 
from  Massachusetts;  born  in  Lowell,  Mass.,  April 
15, 1848 ;  attended  the  public  schools,  and  was  gradu- 
ated from  Amherst  college  in  1869;  engaged  in  busi- 
ness with  his  father;  held  various  local  offices; 
member  of  the  state  house  of  representatives  In 
1881  and  1882,  and  of  the  Massachusetts  senate  in 
1883;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Forty-ninth 
and  Fiftieth  Congresses  (March  4,  1885,  to  March  3, 
1889);  Assistant  Secretary  of  the  Navy  1898-1900; 
Governor  of  Porto  Rico  1900-1902;  located  in  New 
York  City;  treasurer  of  the  American  Sugar  re- 
fining company. 

Allen,  Clarence  Emir,  a  Representative  from 
Utah;  born  in  Girard,  Erie  county,  Pa.,  Septem- 
ber 8,  1852;  attended  the  common  schools; 
was  prepared  for  college  in  Grand  River  institute, 
Austinburg,  Ohio,  and  was  graduated  from 
Western  Reserve  college  in  1877 ;  went  to  Salt  Lake 
City  in  August,  1881,  where  he  was  an  instructor 
in  Salt  Lake  academy  until  1886,  when  he  resigned 
and  engaged  in  mining;  elected  to  the  Territo- 
rial legislatures  of  1888,  1890,  and  1894;  elected 
county  clerk  of  Salt  Lake  county,  Utah,  in  August, 
1890,  and  served  until  January  1,  1893;  admitted 
to  the  bar  in  Salt  Lake  City  in  1892;  Liberal  can- 
didate for  Delegate  to  Congress  in  1892;  elected 
as  a  Republican  to  the  Fifty-fourth  Congress 
at  the  special  election  held  November  5,  1895, 
and  took  his  seat  January  7,  1896,  and  served  until 
March  3,  1897;  a  resident  of  Salt  Lake  City,  Utah, 
and  engaged  in  mining. 

Allen,  Edward  Payson,  a  Representative  from 
Michigan;  born  in  Sharon,  Washtenaw  county, 
Mich.,  October  28,  1839;  was  graduated  from  the 
state  normal  school  in  March,  1864;  enlisted  and 
helped  to  raise  a  company  for  the  twenty-ninth 
Michigan  infantry;  commissioned  first  lieutenant 
in  that  regiment  in  September,  1864;  mustered  out 
of  the  service  with  his  regiment  in  September, 
1865,  as  captain;  was  graduated  from  the  law  school 
of  Michigan  University  in  Ann  Arbor  in  March, 
1867;  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced 
practice  in  Ypsilanti;  alderman  of  Ypsilanti  1872- 
1874;  mayor  in  1880;  prosecuting  attorney  of  Wash- 
tenaw county  in  1872;  member  of  the  state  house 
of  representatives  1876-1878,  and  served  as  speaker 
protempore;  appointed  assistant  assessor  of  internal 
revenue  1869;  United  States  Indian  agent  for  Mich- 
igan in  August,  1882,  and  served  until  December, 
1885;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Fiftieth  and 
Fifty-first  Congresses  (March  4,  1887-March  3, 
1891);  resumed  the  practice  of  law  in  Ypsilanti, 
Mich.;  member  of  the  state  board  of  agriculture 
1897-1903;  member  state  soldiers'  home  board  1903- 
1909;  again  mayor  of  Ypsilanti  1899-1900;  died  in 
Ypsilanti,  Mich.,  November  25,  1909. 

Allen,  Elisha  Hunt,  a  Representative  from 
Maine;  born  in  New  Salem,  Mass.,  January  28, 1804; 
was  graduated  from  Williams  college  in  1823; 
studied  law,  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1825,  and  began 
practice  in  Brattleboro,  Vt.;  removed  to  Bangor, 
Me.;  member  of  the  state  house  of  representatives 
1836-1841,  and  in  1838  was  speaker;  elected  as  a 
Whig  to  the  Twenty-seventh  Congress  (March  4, 
1841-March  3,  1843);  defeated  for  reelection  to  the 
Twenty-eighth  Congress;  again  elected  to  the  state 
house  of  representatives  in  1846;  moved  to  Boston 
in  1847  and  resumed  the  practice  of  his  pro- 


fession; elected  to  the  state  house  of  representa- 
tives in  1849;  appointed  consul  for  Honolulu,  and 
was  prominently  connected  with  the  government 
of  the  Hawaiian  Islands  as  chief  justice,  as  regent, 
and  as  envoy  to  the  United  States  in  1856,  1864, 
1870,  and  1875;  died  in  the  White  House  in  Wash- 
ington, D.  C.,  January  1,  1883. 

Allen,  Heman,  a  Representative  from  Ver- 
mont; born  in  Poultney,  Vt.,  February  23,  1779; 
was  graduated  from  Dartmouth  college  in  1795; 
studied  law,  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  began  practice 
in  Colchester;  sheriff  of  Chittenden  county  1808- 
1809,  and  chief  justice  of  the  county  court  1811- 
1814;  member  of  the  state  house  of  representatives 
1812-1817;  elected  to  the  Fifteenth  Congress,  and 
served  from  March  4,  1817,  to  April  20,  1818,  when 
he  resigned  to  become  United  States  marshal  for 
the  district  of  Vermont;  minister  to  Chile  January 
27,  1823-July  31,  1827;  returned  to  Highgate,  Vt., 
and  died  there  April  7, 1852;  interment  in  the  Allen 
cemetery,  Burlington,  Vt. 

Allen,  Heman,  a  Representative  from  Ver- 
mont; born  in  Ashfield  (now  Deerfield),  Mass., 
June  14,  1777;  attended  public  and  preparatory 
schools;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and 
began  practice  in  Milton,  Vt.,  in  1803;  member  of 
the  state  legislature  1810-1811;  elected  as  a  Whig  to 
the  Twenty-second,  Twenty-third,  Twenty-fourth, 
and  Twenty-fifth  Congresses  (March  4,  1831-March 
3, 1839);  defeated  for  reelection  to  the  Twenty-sixth 
Congress;  died  in  Burlington,  Vt.,  December  11, 
1844. 

Allen,  Henry  Crosby,  a  Representative  from 
New  Jersey;  born  in  Paterson,  N.  J.,  May  13, 1872; 
attended  the  common  schools;  was  graduated  from 
Yale  university  in  1893,  and  from  the  New  York 
law  school  in  1895;  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and 
practiced  in  Paterson,  N.  J.;  elected  as  a  Repub- 
lican to  the  Fifty-ninth  Congress  (March  4,  1905- 
March  3,  1907);  resumed  the  practice  of  law  in 
Paterson  N.  J. 

Allen,  Henry  Dixon,  a  Representative  from 
Kentucky;  born  in  Henderson  county,  Ky.,  June 
24, 1854 ;  moved  with  his  parents  to  Union  county  in 
1855;  attended  the  common  schools,  and  Morgan- 
field  Collegiate  institute;  admitted  to  the  bar  in 
July,  1878;  was  common-schools  commissioner  for 
three  years;  elected  county  attorney  and  served 
1882-1891;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Fifty-sixth 
and  Fifty -seventh  Congresses  (March  4, 1899-March 
3,  1903);  engaged  in  the  practice  of  law  in  Morgan- 
field,  Ky. 

Allen,  James  Cameron,  a  Representative  from 
Illinois;  born  in  Shelby  county,  Ky.,  January  29, 
1822;  attended  the  public  schools;  studied  law,  was 
admitted  to  the  bar  in  Indiana  in  1843,  and  began 
practice;  prosecuting  attorney  for  the  seventh  judi-- 
cial  district  of  Indiana  1846-1848;  moved  to  Pales- 
tine, 111.,  in  1848;  member  of  the  state  house  of 
representatives  1850-1851;  elected  as  a  Democrat 
to  the  Thirty-third  Congress  (March  4,  1853-March 
3,  1855);  presented  credentials  as  a  Member-elect 
to  the  Thirty-fourth  Congress,  but  on  a  contest  the 
House  declared  the  seat  to  be  vacant;  subsequently 
elected  and  took  his  seat  December  1,  1856,  and 
served  until  March  3,  1857;  clerk  of  the  national 
House  of  Representatives  in  the  Thirty-fifth  Con- 
gress; elected  judge  of  the  circuit  court  in  April, 
1861,  and  resigned  in  1863;  again  elected  to  the 
Thirty-eighth  Congress  (March  4,  1863-March  3, 


436 


CONGRESSIONAL   DIRECTORY. 


1865);  reelected  judge  of  the  circuit  and  appellate 
courts,  and  served  from  1873  to  1879;  took  up  his 
residence  in  Olney,  111.,  and  died  there  January 
30,  1912. 

Allen,  John,  a  Representative  from  Connecti- 
cut; born  in  Great  Barrington,  Mass.,  June  12, 
1763 ;  attended  college,  and  was  graduated ;  studied 
law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  practiced  in  Litch- 
field, Conn.;  member  of  the  council  and  supreme 
court  of  errors;  member  of  the  state  house  of  repre- 
sentatives during  seven  sessions,  and  clerk  of  the 
lower  house  in  1796;  elected  as  a  Federalist  to  the 
Fifth  Congress,  and  served  from  March  4,  1797,  to 
March  3,  1799;  member  of  the  state  council  1800- 
1806;  died  in  Litchfield,  Conn.,  July  31,  1812. 

Allen,  John  Beard,  a  Delegate  from  the  Terri- 
tory of  Washington  and  a  Senator  from  Washington; 
bom  in  Crawfordsville,  Montgomery  county,  Ind., 
May  18, 1845;  attended  Wabash  college,  Crawfords- 
ville; served  in  the  Civil  war  as  a  private  in  the 
one  hundred  and  thirty-fifth  Indiana  volunteers; 
moved  to  Rochester,  Minn.,  where  he  resided  until 
January,  1870;  read  law,  and  was  admitted  to 
practice;  moved  to  the  Territory  of  Washington  in 
March,  1870,  and  continued  the  practice  of  his 
profession;  appointed  United  States  attorney  for 
the  Territory  of  Washington  in  April,  1875,  by 
President  Grant,  and  held  the  office  until  July, 
1885;  reporter  of  the  supreme  court  of  the  Territory 
1878-1885;  elected  a  Delegate  to  the  Fifty-first  Con- 
gress as  a  Republican,  and  served  from  March  4, 
1889,  to  November  20, 1889;  elected  to  the  United 
States  Senate  when  the  Territory  was  admitted  into 
the  Union,  and  served  from  November  20, 1889,  to 
March  3, 1893;  presented  credentials  as  Senator  by 
appointment  in  1893,  but  was  not  permitted  to 
qualify,  and  the  seat  was  declared  vacant  August 
28,  1893;  resumed  the  practice  of  law;  died  in 
Seattle,  Wash.,  January  28,  1903. 

Allen,  John  James,  a  Representative  from 
Virginia;  born  in  Woodstock,  Shenandoah  county, 
Va.,  September  25, 1797;  studied  law,  was  admitted 
to  the  bar,  and  began  practice  in  Harrison  county; 
elected  to  the  Twenty-third  Congress  (March  4, 
1833-March  3,  1835);  presiding  justice  of  the  su- 
preme court  of  appeals  of  Virginia  1852-1865 ;  author 
of  the  celebrated  "Botetourt  resolutions"  of  1861; 
died  in  his  home  in  Botetourt  county,  Va.,  Sep- 
tember 18. 1871. 

Allen,  John  Mills,  a  Representative  from  Missis- 
sippi; born  in  Tishomingo  county,  Miss.,  July  8, 
1846;  attended  the  common  schools;  enlisted  as  a 
private  in  the  Confederate  army,  and  served 
throughout  the  war;  attended  the  law  school  of 
Cumberland  university,  Lebanon,  Tenn.,  and  was 
graduated  from  the  University  of  Mississippi  in 
1870;  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced  the 
practice  in  Tupelo,  Lee  county,  Miss.;  elected  dis- 
trict attorney  for  the  first  judicial  district  of  Mis- 
sissippi in  1875,  and  served  four  years;  elected  as 
a  Democrat  to  the  Forty-ninth,  and  to  the  seven 
succeeding  Congresses  (March  4,  1885-March  3, 
1901);  declined  a  reelection  to  the  Fifty-seventh 
Congress;  in  March,  1901,  appointed  a  United  States 
commissioner  to  the  St.  Louis  Exposition  of  1904; 
resumed  the  practice  of  law  in  Tupelo,  Miss. 

Allen,  John  W.,  a  Representative  from  Ohio; 
born  in  Litchfield,  Conn.,  in  1802;  attended  pre- 
paratory schools  and  college;  moved  to  Cleveland, 
Ohio,  in  1825;  member  of  the  state  senate  1835- 
1837;  elected  as  a  Whig  to  the  Twenty-fifth  and 


Twenty-sixth  Congresses  (March  4,  1837-March  3, 
1841). 

Allen,  Joseph,  a  Representative  from  Massa- 
chusetts; born  in  Boston,  Mass.,  September  13, 1749; 
was  graduated  from  Harvard  College  in  1774;  en- 
gaged in  business  in  Leicester,  Mass.;  moved  to 
Worcester  in  1776;  appointed  clerk  of  the  courts, 
and  served  until  1810,  when  he  resigned ;  member 
of  the  state  constitutional  convention  of  1778;  presi- 
dential elector  in  1797;  elected  to  the  Eleventh  Con- 
fress,  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  the  resignation  of 
abez  Upham,  and  served  from  December  13,  1810, 
to  March  3,  1811;  state  councilor  1815-1816;  died  in 
Worcester,  Mass.,  September  2,  1827. 

Allen,  Judson,  a  Representative  from  New 
York;  native  of  Connecticut;  attended  the  public 
schools;  moved  to  Brown  county,  N.  Y.;  member 
of  the  state  house  of  representatives  in  1837; 
elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Twenty-sixth  Con- 
gress (March  4,  1839-March  3,  1841). 

Allen,  Nathaniel,  a  Representative  from  New 
York;  born  in  that  state;  member  of  the  state 
assembly  of  New  York  in  1812;  elected  to  the  Six- 
teenth Congress  (March  4,  1819-March  3,  1821). 

Allen,  Philip,  a  Senator  from  Rhode  Island; 
born  in  Providence,  R.  I.,  September  1,  1785;  was 
graduated  from  Brown  university  in  1803 ;  became 
a  merchant;  member  of  the  state  legislature  in  1819; 
appointed  pension  agent  and  president  of  the  Rhode 
Island  branch  of  the  United  States  bank  in  1827; 
elected  governor  of  Rhode  Island  in  1851  as  a 
Tariff  Democrat;  reelected  in  1852  and  1853;  at  the 
May  session  of  the  legislature,  and  after  he  had  been 
elected  governor  of  the  state,  was  elected  to  the 
United  States  Senate,  and  served  from  March  4, 
1853,  to  March  3, 1859;  died  in  Providence,  R.  I., 
December  16,  1865. 

Allen,  Robert,  a  Representative  from  Ten- 
nessee; born  in  Augusta  county,  Va.,  in  1777; 
attended  the  public  schools;  removed  to  Carthage, 
Tenn.,  in  1804,  where  he  engaged  in  business;  was 
clerk  of  Smith  county  many  years;  served  in  the 
War  of  1812,  and  commanded  a  regiment  of  Ten- 
nessee volunteers  under  General  Jackson;  elected 
as  a  Democrat  to  the  Sixteenth,  Seventeenth, 
Eighteenth,  and  Nineteenth  Congresses  (March  4, 
1819-March  3,  1827);  died  in  Carthage,  Tenn., 
August  19,  1864. 

Allen,  Robert,  a  Representative  from  Virginia; 
born  in  Woodstock,  Va.,  July  30,  1794;  was  gradu- 
ated from  Washington  college;  studied  law,  was 
admitted  to  the  bar,  and  began  practice  in  Wood- 
j  stock;  elected  prosecuting  attorney;  member  of 
the  state  senate  for  five  years;  elected  as  a  Demo- 
crat to  the  Twentieth,  Twenty-first,  and  Twenty- 
second  Congresses  (March  4,  1827-March  3,  1833); 
died  in  Mount  Jackson,  Va. 

Allen,  Samuel  Clesson,  a  Representative  from 
Massachusetts;  born  in  Bernardstown,  Mass.,  Janu- 
ary 5,  1772;  was  graduated  from  Dartmouth  col- 
lege in  1794;  studied  theology,  and  was  pastor  of 
the  Congregational  church  in  Northfield  1795- 
1798;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and 
practiced;  member  of  the  state  house  of  representa- 
tives 1806-1810,  and  of  the  state  senate  1812-1815; 
elected  to  the  Fifteenth,  Sixteenth,  Seventeenth, 
Eighteenth,  Nineteenth,  and  Twentieth  Con- 
gresses, and  served  from  March  4, 1817,  to  March  3, 
1829;  again  elected  to  the  state  senate  in  1831; 
died  in  Northfield,  Mass.,  February  8,  1842. 


BIOGRAPHIES. 


437 


Allen,  Thomas,  a  Representative  from  Mis- 
souri; born  in  Pittsfield,  Mass.,  August  29,  1813; 
was  graduated  from  Union  college  in  1832;  studied 
law  in  New  York  City,  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar; 
moved  to  Washington,  D.  C.,  in  1837,  and  estab- 
lished the  Madisonian;  elected  printer  to  the  house 
of  representatives,  and  two  years  later  printer  to 
the  senate;  five  years  editor  and  proprietor  of  the 
Madisonian;  went  to  St.  Louis  Mo.,  in  1842;  mem- 
ber of  the  state  senate  1850-4854;  contractor  upon 
internal  improvements;  projected  and  built  over 
one  thousand  miles  of  railway;  took  the  first  loco- 
motive across  the  Mississippi  river  in  1852;  presi- 
dent of  the  St.  Louis,  Iron  Mountain  &  Southern 
railway,  but  subsequently  sold  his  railway  inter- 
ests and  retired;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the 
Forty-seventh  Congress,  and  served  from  March  4, 
1881,  until  his  death  in  Washington,  D.  C..  April 
8,  1882. 

Allen,  William,  a  Representative  from  Ohio; 
born  in  Butler  county,  Ohio,  August  13,  1827;  at- 
tended the  public  schools,  and  taught  school; 
studied  law,  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1849; 
prosecuting  attorney  1850-1852 ;  elected  as  a  Dem- 
ocrat to  the  Thirty -sixth  and  Thirty -seventh  Con- 
gresses (March  4,  1859-March  3, 1863);  appointed 
judge  of  the  court  of  common  pleas  of  the  second 
judicial  district  in  1865;  declined  a  renomination 
to  Congress  in  1878  on  account  of  ill-health;  died 
in  Greenville,  Ohio,  July  6,  1881. 

Allen,  William,  a  Representative  and  a  Senator 
from  Ohio;  born  in  Edenton,  Chowan  county,  N.  C., 
December  27,  1803;  moved  with  his  sister  to 
Lynchburg,  Va.,  and  attended  private  schools; 
moved  to  Ohio;  attended  Chillicothe  academy; 
studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1827,  and 
practiced;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Twenty- 
third  Congress  (March  4,  1833-March  3,  1835); 
elected  to  the  United  States  Senate  in  January, 
1837;  reelected  in  1843,  and  served  from  March  4, 
1837,  to  March  3, 1849;  governor  of  Ohio  1874-1876; 
candidate  for  reelection,  but  was  defeated  by  the 
Republican  candidate,  Rutherford  B.  Hayes; 
died  July  11,  1879. 

Allen,  William  Joshua,  a  Representative  from 
Illinois;  born  in  Tennessee  June  7,  1828;  moved 
with  his  parents  to  Illinois  in  1829;  attended  the 
common  schools;  studied  law,  and  was  admitted 
to  the  bar  in  1848;  member  of  the  state  senate  in 
1855;  appointed  district  attorney  in  1855;  re- 
signed and  elected  judge  of  the  circuit  court 
June  24,  1859,  and  served  until  1861;  elected  as  a 
Democrat  to  the  Thirty-seventh  Congress,  to  fill 
vacancy  caused  by  the  resignation  of  John  A. 
Logan;  reelected  to  the  Thirty-eighth  Congress,  and 
served  from  June  2,  1862,  to  March  3,  1865; 
member  of  the  state  constitutional  conventions  of 
1862  and  1870;  was  appointed  United  States  dis- 
trict judge,  southern  district  of  Illinois,  April  18, 
1887,  and  served  until  his  death  in  Springfield,  111 
January  26,  1901. 

Allen,  William  Vincent,  a  Senator  from 
Nebraska;  born  in  Midway,  Madison  county, 
Ohio,  January  28,  1847;  moved  to  Iowa  in  1857; 
attended  the  common  schools,  and  the  Upper  Iowa 
university  in  Fayette;  private  in  company  G, 
thirty-second  Iowa  volunteer  infantry  during 
the  Civil  war;  during  the  last  five  months  was 
upon  the  staff  of  Gen.  J.  I.  Gilbert;  studied  law, 
was  admitted  to  the  bar  May  31,  1869,  and 
practiced  until  1884,  when  he  moved  to  Nebraska; 
judge  of  the  district  court  of  the  ninth  judicial  dis- 


trict of  Nebraska;  elected  to  the  United  States 
Senate,  and  served  from  March  4,  1893,  to 
March  3,  1899;  appointed  judge  of  the  district 
court  of  the  ninth  judicial  district  of  Nebraska, 
March  9,  1899,  to  fill  a  vacancy;  elected  judge 
November  7,  1899,  for  the  full  term;  appointed  to 
the  United  States  Senate  December  13,  1899,  to 
fill  vacancy  caused  by  the  death  of  Monroe  L. 
Hay  ward;  resigned  the  judgeship,  and  took  his 
seat  December  19,  1899,  and  served  until  March 
28,  1901;  presided  over  the  Populist  national 
convention  in  St.  Louis,  Mo.,  in  1896;  resumed 
the  practice  of  law  in  Madison,  Nebr. 

Allen,  Willis,  a  Representative  from  Illinois; 
born  in  Virginia,  December  15,  1806;  went  to 
Tennessee,  and  then  to  Franklin  county,  111.,  in 
1830;  member  of  the  state  house  of  representatives 
in  1838;  prosecuting  attorney  first  judicial  circuit 
in  1841;  Democratic  presidential  elector  1844; 
member  of  the  state  senate  1844-1845,  and  1846- 
1847 ;  member  of  the  state  constitutional  conven- 
tion 1847-1848;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the 
Thirty-second  and  Thirty-third  Congresses  (March 
4, 1851-March3, 1855);  elected  judge  of  the  twenty- 
sixth  circuit  court  March  2, 1859;  died  while  hold- 
ing court  in  Harrisburg,  111.,  April  15,  1859. 

Alley,  John  Bassett,  a  Representative  from 
Massachusetts;  born  in  Lynn,  Essex  county,  Mass., 
January  7,  1817;  attended  the  common  schools; 
apprenticed  as  a  shoemaker;  moved  to  Cincinnati, 
Ohio,  in  1836;  freighted  merchandise  down  the 
Mississippi  river  to  New  Orleans;  removed  to 
Lynn,  Mass.,  in  1838,  and  entered  the  shoe  manu- 
facturing business;  established  a  hide  and  leather 
house  in  Boston  in  1847;  member  of  the  first  board 
of  aldermen  of  Lynn,  in  1850;  member  of  the  gov- 
ernor's council  1851;  member  of  the  state  senate  in 
1852;  member  of  the  constitutional  convention  of 
1853;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Thirty-sixth, 
and  to  the  three  succeeding  Congresses  (March  4, 
1859-March  3,  1867);  connected  with  the  Union 
Pacific  railroad;  retired  from  business  in  1886; 
died  in  West  Newton,  Mass.,  January  19,  1896. 

Allison,  James,  a  Representative  from  Penn- 
sylvania; born  in  Cecil  county,  Md.,  October  4; 
1772;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  bel 
gan  practice  in  Beaver  county,  Pa.;  elected  to  the 
Eighteenth  Congress  (March  4,  1823-March  3, 
1825);  died  in  Beaver,  Pa.,  June  17,  1854. 

Allison,  John,  a  Representative  from  Penn- 
sylvania; born  in  Beaver,  Pa.,  August  5,  1812; 
studied  law,  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  but  never 
practiced;  member  of  the  state  house  of  repre- 
sentatives in  1846,  1847,  and  1849;  elected  as  a 
Whig  to  the  Thirty-second  Congress  (March  4, 1851- 
March  3,  1853);  defeated  for  reelection  to  the 
Thirty-third  Congress;  reelected  to  the  Thirty- 
fourth  Congress  (March  4,  1855-March  3,  1857); 
declined  a  renomination ;  appointed  Register  of  the 
Treasury  April  3, 1869;  died  in  New  Brighton.  Pa 
March  23,  1878. 

Allison,  Robert,  a  Representative  from  Penn- 
sylvania; born  near  Greencastle,  Franklin  county, 
Pa.,  March  10,  1777;  attended  the  public  schools; 
moved  to  Huntingdon,  Pa.,  studied  law,  and  was 
admitted  to  the  bar  in  April,  1798;  elected  to  the 
Twenty -second  Congress  (March  4,  1831-March  3, 
1833);  died  in  Huntingdon,  Pa.,  December  2,  1840. 

Allison,  William  Boyd,  a  Representative  and  a 
Senator  from  Iowa;  born  in  Perry,  Wayne  county, 


438 


CONGRESSIONAL   DIRECTORY. 


Ohio,  March  2,  1829;  attended  the  academy  in 
Wooster,  Ohio,  and  Allegheny  college,  Pa.,  and 
was  graduated  from  the  Western  Reserve  college, 
Ohio;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1850, 
and  practiced  in  Ashland,  Ohio;  unsuccessful  can- 
didate for  the  office  of  district  attorney  in  1856; 
located  in  Dubuque,  Iowa,  in  1857,  and  continued 
the  practice  of  his  profession;  delegate  in  the  Re- 
publican convention  that  nominated  Abraham 
Lincoln  for  the  presidency  in  I860;  appointed 
adjutant  general  of  Iowa  by  Gov.  Kirkwood,  and 
rendered  marked  service  in  fitting  the  troops  of 
Iowa  for  participation  in  the  Civil  war;  elected  as 
a  Republican  to  the  Thirty-eighth,  Thirty-ninth, 
Fortieth,  and  Forty-first  Congresses  (March  4,  1863- 
March  3,  1871);  in  his  second  term  was  elected  a 
member  of  the  Committee  on  Ways  and  Means,  and 
to  his  enlightened  and  indefatigable  service  is  attrib- 
uted, in  large  measure,  the  perfection  of  tariff  legis- 
lation; elected  to  the  United  States  Senate  in  1872, 
and  began  service  March  4, 1873;  reelected  in  1878, 
1884,  1890,  1896,  and  1902,  and  nominated  in  a 
primary  for  reelection  in  1908,  and  served  until  his 
death.  At  the  time  of  his  death  he  had  the  record 
of  the  longest  continuous  service  in  the  National 
Congress,  and  of  the  longest  continuous  service  in 
the  Senate;  died  in  Dubuque,  Iowa,  August  4, 
1908. 

Alsop,  John,  a  Delegate  from  New  York;  born 
in  Middletown,  Conn.;  completed  preparatory 
studies;  moved  to  New  York  and  engaged  in  busi- 
ness ;  Delegate,  in  the  Continental  Congress  Septem- 
ber 14,  1774,  to  October  26, 1774,  and  from  May  10, 
1775,  to  the  latter  part  of  that  year;  returned  to 
Middletown,  Conn.,  until  November,  1783,  when 
he  returned  to  New  York  City;  was  eighth  presi- 
dent of  the  New  York  chamber  of  commerce; 
died  in  Newtown,  Long  Island,  N.  Y.,  November 
22,  1794. 

Alston,  Lemuel  J.,  a  Representative  from 
South  Carolina;  native  of  that  state;  was  elected 
to  the  Tenth  and  Eleventh  Congresses  (March  4, 
1807-March  3,  1811). 

Alston,  William.  Jeffreys,  a  Representative 
from  Alabama;  born  in  Milledgeville,  Ga.,  Decem- 
ber 31,  1800;  moved  to  Alabama,  and  located  in 
Marengo  county;  member  of  the  state  house  of 
representatives  in  1837,  and  of  the  state  senate  in 
1839;  elected  as  a  Whig  to  the  Thirty -first  Congress 
(March  4, 1849-March  3, 1851);  again  elected  to  the 
state  house  of  representatives  in  1855;  died  in  Mag- 
nolia, Ala.,  June  10,  1876. 

Alston,  Willis,  a  Representative  from  North 
Carolina;  member  of  the  state  house  of  commons 
1791,  1792,  and  of  the  state  senate  1794-1796; 
elected  to  the  Sixth  and  Seventh  Congresses  (March 
4,  1799-March  3,  1803). 

Alston,  Willis,  jr.,  a  Representative  from  North 
Carolina;  native  of  Halifax  county,  N.  C.;  mem- 
ber of  the  house  of  commons  of  the  state  of  North 
Carolina  in  1791,  1792,  1820,  and  1821;  and  of  the 
state  senate  1794-1796;  elected  as  a  War  Demo- 
crat to  the  Eighth,  Ninth,  Tenth,  Eleventh, 
Twelfth,  and  Thirteenth  Congresses  (March  4, 
1803-March  3,  1815);  reelected  to  the  Nineteenth, 
Twentieth,  and  Twenty-first  Congresses  (March  4, 
1825-March  3,  1831);  died  in  Halifax,  N.  C.,  April 
10,  1837. 

Alvord,  James  Church,  a  Representative  from 
Massachusetts;  born  in  Greenwich,  Mass.,  April 


14,  1808;  completed  preparatory  studies,  and  was 
graduated  from  Dartmouth  college  in  1827 ;  studied 
law,  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar;  member  of  the 
state  legislature;  elected  as  a  Whig  to  the  Twenty- 
sixth  Congress,  and  served  from  March  4,  1839, 
until  his  death,  before  the  assembling  of  the  Con- 
gress, in  Greenfield,  Mass.,  September  27,  1839. 

Ambler,  Jacob  A.,  a  Representative  from  Ohio; 
born  in  Pittsburgh,  Pa.,  February  18,  1829;  studied 
law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  began  practice  in 
Salem,  Ohio;  elected  to  the  legislature  in  1857,  and 
served  two  terms;  appointed  judge  of  the  ninth 
judicial  district  in  1859,  and  served  until  1867; 
elected  to  the  Forty-first  and  Forty-second  Con- 
gresses (March  4,  1869-March  3,  1873);  appointed  a 
member  of  the  tariff  commission  by  President 
Arthur  in  1882;  died  in  Canton,  Ohio,  September 
22,  1906. 

Amerman,  Lemuel,  a  Representative  from 
Pennsylvania;  born  near  Dan ville,Mon tour  county, 
Pa.,  October  29,  1846;  attended  the  common 
schools,  Danville  academy,  and  Bucknell  univer- 
sity, in  Lewisburg.  Pa.;  taught  school  three  years; 
studied  law  in  Philadelphia,  was  admitted  to  prac- 
tice, and  located  in  Scranton  in  1876;  county  soli- 
citor for  Lackawanna  county  1879-1880;  member 
of  the  state  house  of  representatives  1881-1884; 
city  comptroller  of  Scranton  1885-1886;  reporter 
of  the  decisions  of  the  supreme  court  of  Pennsyl- 
vania 1886-1887;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the 
Fifty-second  Congress  (March  4,  1891-March  3, 
1893);  died  October  7,  1897. 

Ames,  Adelbert,  a  Senator  from  Mississippi; 
born  in  Rockland,  Me.,  October  31,  1835;  was 
graduated  from  the  United  States  military  acad- 
emy, West  Point,  May  6,  1861;  commissioned  sec- 
ond lieutenant  of  the  second  artillery;  first  lieu- 
tenant of  the  fifth  artillery  May  14,  1861;  colonel 
twentieth  Maine  infantry  August  20, 1862 ;  brigadier 
general  of  volunteers  May  20,  1863;  honorably 
mustered  out  of  the  volunteer  service  April  30, 
1866;  commissioned  captain  fifth  artillery  June 
11,  1864;  lieutenant  colonel  of  the  twenty- 
fourth  infantry  July  28,  1866;  brevet  major  July 
21,  1861,  "for  gallant  and  meritorious  service 
in  the  battle  of  Bull  Run,  Va.";  lieutenant 
colonel  July  1,  1862,  ''for  gallant  and  merito- 
rious service  in  the  battle  of  Malvern  Hill,  Va."; 
colonel  July  1,  1863,  "for  gallant  and  merito- 
rious service  in  the  battle  of  Gettysburg,  Pa."; 
brigadier  general  March  13,  1865,  "for  gallant  and 
meritorious  service  at  the  capture  of  Fort  Fisher, 
N.  C.";  major  general  March  13,  1865,  "  for  gallant 
and  meritorious  service  in  the  field  during  the  war, ' ' 
and  major  general  of  volunteers  January  15,  1865, 
' '  for  services  at  Fort  Fisher' ' ;  resigned  February  23, 
1870;  awarded  a  medal  of  honor  for  heroic  conduct 
upon  the  field  of  Bull  Run,  Va.;  appointed  provi- 
sional governor  of  Mississippi  June  15,  1868; 
appointed  to  the  command  of  the  fourth  military 
district  (department  of  Mississippi)  March  17, 1869; 
elected  to  the  United  States  Senate,  and  served 
from  April  1,  1870,  until  January,  1874,  when  he 
resigned,  having  been  elected  governor;  resigned 
as  governor  March  29,  1876,  and  moved  to  Minne- 
sota; major  general  of  volunteers  in  the  War  with 
Spain,  1898. 

Ames,  Butler,  a  Representative  from  Massa- 
chusetts; born  in  Lowell,  Mass.,  August  21,  1871; 
attended  the  Lowell  schools,  Phillips  Exeter  acad- 
emy, and  was  graduated  from  the  United  States 
military  academy  at  West  Point  in  1894;  resigned 


BIOGRAPHIES. 


439 


from  the  United  States  army  after  appointment  to 
the  eleventh  United  States  infantry ;  took  a  post- 
graduate course  in  the  Massachusetts  institute  of 
technology,  and  was  graduated  in  1896  as  a  mechan- 
ical and  electrical  engineer ;  enlisted  in  the  Spanish- 
American  war,  and  was  made  lieutenant  and  adju- 
tant of  the  sixth  Massachusetts  volunteers;  while 
at  Camp  Alger,  near  Washington,  was  appointed 
acting  engineer  of  the  second  army  corps  under 
Gen.  Graham,  in  addition  to  his  duties  as  adjutant; 
went  from  Charlestown  to  Cuba  and  Porto  Rico 
under  Gen.  Miles;  was  at  the  landing  at  Guanica 
and  the  skirmish  at  Yauco  Road  in  July;  pro- 
moted lieutenant  colonel  in  August;  civil  admin- 
istrator of  Arecibo  district  of  Porto  Rico  until 
November,  1898;  served  as  member  of  common 
council  of  Lowell  in  1896;  member  of  the  state 
house  of  representatives  1897,  1898,  1899;  elected 
as  a  Republican  to  the  Fifty-eighth,  Fifty-ninth, 
Sixtieth,  and  Sixty -first  Congresses  (March  4, 
1903-March  3,  1911).  Reelected  to  the  Sixty-second 
Congress. 

Ames,  Fisher,  a  Representative  from  Massa- 
chusetts; born  in  Dedham,  Mass.,  April  9,  1758; 
was  graduated  from  Harvard  college  in  1774; 
while  teaching  school  studied  law;  was  admitted  to 
the  bar,  and  commenced  practice  in  Dedham  in 
1781;  served  in  the  state  legislature;  member  of  the 
general  court  of  Massachusetts;  member  of  the 
Massachusetts  convention  called  for  the  ratification 
of  the  Federal  constitution;  elected  as  a  Federalist 
to  the  First  Congress  over  Samuel  Adams;  reelected 
to  the  Second,  Third,  and  Fourth  Congresses,  and 
served  from  March  4,  1789,  to  March  3,  1797;  re- 
sumed the  practice  of  law;  member  of  Governor 
Sumner's  council;  chosen  president  of  Harvard 
college  in  1804,  but  declined  on  account  of  ill 
health;  died  in  Dedham,  Mass.,  July  4,  1808. 

Ames,  Oakes,  a  Representative  from  Massachu- 
setts; born  in  Easton,  Mass.,  January  10,  1804;  at- 
tended the  public  schools  jlearned  the  trade  of  shovel 
making,  and  established  himself  as  a  manufacturer 
in  North  Easton;  member  of  the  executive  council 
of  Massachusetts  in  1860;  elected  to  the  Thirty- 
eighth,  Thirty-ninth,  Fortieth,  Forty-first,  and 
Forty-second  Congresses  (March  4,  1863-March  3, 
1873);  largely  instrumental  in  accomplishing  the 
construction  of  the  first  transcontinental  railroad; 
received  the  censure  of  Congress  for  "seeking 
to  procure  Congressional  attention  to  the  affairs  of 
a  corporation  in  which  he  was  interested,"  in  con- 
nection with  the  Credit  Mobilier;  in  1883  the  legis- 
lature of  Massachusetts  passed  resolutions  of  grati- 
tude for  his  work  and  faith  in  his  integrity,  and 
asked  Congress  to  extend  a  like  acknowledgment; 
died  in  North  Easton,  Mass.,  May  5,  1873. 

Ancona,  Sydenham  E.,  a  Representative  from 
Pennsylvania;  born  in  Warwick  township,  near 
Lititz,  Lancaster  county,  Pa.,  November  20,  1824; 
settled  in  Berks  county,  Pa.,  where  for  several 
years  he  was  associated  with  the  Reading  railroad 
company;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Thirty- 
seventh,  Thirty-eighth,  and  Thirty-ninth  Con- 
gresses (March  4, 1861-March  3,  1867);  a  resident  of 
Reading,  Pa.,  and  prominently  identified  with 
trust,  fire  insurance,  and  relief  associations. 

Anderson,  Albert  Raney,  a  Representative 
from  Iowa;  born  in  Adams  county,  Ohio,  Novem- 
ber 8,  1837;  moved  with  his  parents  to  Galesburg, 
111.;  attended  the  common  schools,  and  Knox  col- 
lege; moved  to  Taylor  county,  Iowa,  in  1857; 
studied  law,  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar;  ap- 


pointed postmaster  of  Clarinda  by  President  Lin- 
coln in  1861 ;  resigned  to  enlist  in  the  Union  army 
as  a  private  in  company  K,  fourth  Iowa  vol- 
unteer infantry;  promoted  to  first  lieutenant  after 
the  battle  of  Pea  Ridge;  while  before  Vicksburg 
was  promoted  to  captain;  when  serving  as  adjutant 
general  of  his  brigade  in  the  Atlanta  campaign  was 
commissioned  major  of  his  regiment;  commis- 
sioned lieutenant  colonel  in  1865;  wounded  at 
Jonesboro  August  31,  1864,  and  again  at  Benton- 
ville,  N.  C.,  March  19,  1865;  mustered  out  in 
August,  1865,  and  returned  to  Clarinda,  Iowa; 
removed  to  Sidney  in  1866;  assessor  of  internal 
revenue  1868-1871;  delegate  in  the  Republican 
national  convention  in  1872;  district  attorney  1876- 
1880;  appointed  state  railroad  commissioner  in 
1881;  defeated  for  Congress  in  1882;  elected  as  an 
Independent  Republican  to  the  Fiftieth  Congress 
(March  4,  1887-March  3,  1889);  moved  to  Hot 
Springs,  S.  Dak.,  in  1892;  mayor  of  Hot  Springs 
1895-1896;  elected  state's  attorney  of  Fall  River 
county,  November,  1898;  died  in  Hot  Springs,  S. 
Dak.,  November  17,  1898. 

Anderson,  Alexander,  a  Senator  from  Ten- 
nessee; native  of  that  state;  attended  preparatory 
schools,  and  college;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to 
the  bar,  and  practiced  in  Knoxville;  elected  as  a 
Democrat  to  the  United  States  Senate,  to  fill  va- 
cancy caused  by  the  resignation  of  Hugh  L.  White, 
and  served  from  February  26,  1840,  to  March  3, 
1841. 

Anderson,  Carl  Carey,  a  Representative  from 
Ohio;  born  in  Bluff  ton,  Allen  county,  Ohio,  Decem- 
ber 2,  1877;  moved  with  his  parents  to  Fremont; 
attended  the  common  schools;  engaged  in  busi- 
ness; twice  elected  mayor  of  Fostoria;  president 
of  the  board  of  trade,  president  of  the  city  hos- 
pital board,  and  director  in  a  number  of  manufac- 
turing enterprises;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the 
Sixty-first  Congress  (March  4,  1909-March  3,  1911); 
reelected  to  the  Sixty-second  Congress.  (Killed  in  ao 
automobile  accident  near  Fostoria,  Ohio,  Octobei 
1,  1912.) 

Anderson,  Chapman  Levy,  a  Representative 
from  Mississippi;  born  in  Noxubee  county,  Miss., 
March  15, 1845;  attended  the  common  schools  until 
the  breaking  out  of  the  Civil  war;  entered  the  Con- 
federate army  as  a  private  in  the  thirty-ninth  in- 
fantry regiment,  Mississippi  volunteers,  March  5, 
1862,  and  served  continuously  in  that  command; 
promoted  through  the  successive  grades  of  noncom- 
missioned officers,  until  July,  1864,  when  he  was 
transferred  to  Bradford's  cavalry  corps  of  scouts, 
with  the  rank  of  second  lieutenant,  in  which 
capacity  he  served  until  the  close  of  the  war; 
admitted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced  practice  in 
Kosciusko,  February  14,  1868;  elected  to  the  Mis- 
sissippi legislature  in  November,  1879,  and  served 
through  the  session  of  1880;  elected  as  a  Democrat 
to  the  Fiftieth  and  Fifty-first  Congresses  (March  4, 
1887-March  3,  1891) ;  United  States  district  attor- 
ney, northern  district  of  Mississippi,  1896-1897; 
resumed  the  practice  of  law  in  Kosciusko,  Miss. 

Anderson,  Charles  Marley,  a  Representative 
from  Ohio;  born  in  Juniata  county,  Pa.,  January  5, 
1845;  went  to  Ohio  in  1855;  attended  common 
schools,  and  the  Lebanon,  Ohio,  normal  school; 
served  in  the  Union  army  during  the  Civil  war 
as  a  non-commissioned  officer  in  one  of  the  Ohio 
regiments;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in 
1868  and  practiced  in  Greenville,  Ohio;  manager 
of  the  central  branch  of  the  National  soldiers' 


440 


CONGRESSIONAL   DIRECTORY. 


home,  Dayton,  Ohio,  for  twenty  years;  elected  as 
a  Democrat  to  the  Forty-ninth  Congress  (March  4, 
1885-March  3,  1887);  resumed  the  practice  of  law; 
died  in  Greenville,  Ohio,  December  28,  1908. 

Anderson,  George  Alburtus,  a  Representa- 
tive from  Illinois;  born  in  Botetourt  county,  Va., 
March  11,  1853;  moved  with  his  parents  to  Han- 
cock county,  111.;  attended  the  common  schools, 
and  was  graduated  from  Carthage  college  in  1876; 
studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1878,  and 
began  practice  in  Lincoln,  Nebr. ;  moved  to  Quincy, 
111.,  in  1880;  city  attorney  1884-1885;  elected  as  a 
Democrat  to  the  Fiftieth  Congress  (March  4, 1887- 
March  3,  1889);  died  in  Quincy,  111.,  January  31, 
1896. 

Anderson,  George  W.,  a  Representative  from 
Missouri;  born  in  Jefferson  county,  Tennessee, 
May  22,  1832;  was  graduated  from  Franklin  col- 
lege; studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and 
practiced;  went  to  Missouri  in  1853 ;  member  of  the 
state  house  of  representatives  1859-1860,  and  of  the 
state  senate  in  1862;  presidential  elector  in  1860; 
from  1862  to  1864  was  colonel  of  a  regiment  in  the 
reserve  corps  and  commanded  the  forty-ninth 
regiment  and  first  battalion,  E.  M.  M.,  in  active 
service;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Thirty- 
ninth  and  Fortieth  Congresses  (March  4,  1865- 
March  3,  1869). 

Anderson,  Hugh  Johnston,  a  Representative 
from  Maine;  born  in  Wiscasset,  Mass,  (afterwards 
Maine),  May  10, 1801;  attended  preparatory  schools, 
and  college;  clerk  of  the  Waldo  county  courts  1827- 
1837;  studied  law;  elected  to  the  Twenty-fifth 
and  Twenty-sixth  Congresses  (March  4,  1837- 
March  3,  1841);  governor  of  Maine  1844-1847; 
presidential  elector  on  the  Cass  and  Butler  ticket; 
commissioner  of  customs  in  the  Treasury  Depart- 
ment 1853-1858;  Sixth  Auditor  of  the  Treasury 
1866-1869;  died  in  Portland,  Me.,  May  31,  1881. 

Anderson,  Isaac,  a  Representative  from  Penn- 
sylvania; born  in  Charlestown  township,  Chester 
county,  November  23,  1760;  a  lieutenant  of  militia 
in  the  Revolutionary  war;  justice  of  the  peace; 
member  of  the  general  assembly  of  Pennsylvania 
1778-1781;  elected  to  the  Eighth  and  Ninth  Con- 
gresses (March  4,  1803-March  3,  1807);  presidential 
elector  in  1816;  died  October  27,  1838. 

Anderson,  James  Patton,  a  Delegate  from  the 
Territory  of  Washington ;  born  in  Franklin  county, 
Tenn.,  February  12,  1822;  studied  and  practiced 
medicine  in  Hernando,  Miss.;  member  of  Missis- 
sippi legislature  in  1850;  appointed  United  States 
marshal  for  the  Territory  of  Washington  in  1853, 
and  settled  in  Olympia;  elected  as  a  Democrat  a 
Delegate  to  the  Thirty-fourth  Congress  (March  4, 
1855-March  3,  1857);  appointed  governor  of  the 
Territory  of  Washington,  and  served  two  months; 
entered  the  Confederate  army  February  10, 1862,  as 
brigadier  general;  promoted  major  general  Feb- 
ruary 17,  1864,  and  assigned  to  the  command  of  the 
district  of  Florida;  subsequently  in  command  of 
Hindman's  division,  Polk's  corps,  Army  of  Ten- 
nessee; located  in  Memphis,  Tenn.,  and  conducted 
a  paper  devoted  to  agriculture;  collector  of  past- 
due  state  taxes  for  Shelby  county;  died  in  Mem- 
phis, Tenn.,  September  1,  1872. 

Anderson,  John,  a  Representative  from  Maine; 
born  in  Windham,  Me.,  July  30,  1792;  was  grad- 
uated from  Bowdoin  college  in  1813;  studied  law, 
was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1816,  and  practiced; 


member  of  the  state  senate  in  1824;  elected 
to  the  Nineteenth,  Twentieth,  Twenty-first,  and 
Twenty-second  Congresses  (March  4, 1825-March  3, 
1833);  mayor  of  Portland  1833-1842;  United  States 
attorney  for  the  district  of  Maine  1833-1837;  col- 
lector of  customs  port  of  Portland  1837-1841,  and 
1843-1848;  died  in  Portland,  Me.,  August  21,  1853. 

Anderson,  John  Alexander,  a  Representative 
from  Kansas;  born  in  Washington  county,  Pa.,  June 
16,  1834;  was  graduated  from  Miami  university, 
Ohio,  1853;  moved  to  California;  ordained  a  Presby- 
terian minister,  and  preached  in  San  Francisco; 
elected  by  the  legislature  trustee  of  the  state  insane 
asylum  in  1860;  appointed  chaplain  of  the  third 
infantry,  California  volunteers,  in  1862;  accom- 
panied General  Connor's  expedition  to  Salt  Lake 
City;  in  the  service  of  the  United  States  sanitary 
commission  1863-1867,  as  California  correspondent 
and  agent;  president  of  the  Kansas  state  agricul- 
tural college  from  1873  to  March,  1876;  elected  as  a 
Republican  to  the  Forty-sixth,  Forty-seventh, 
Forty-eighth,  Forty-ninth,  Fiftieth,  and  Fifty- 
first  Congresses  (March  4,  1879-March  3,  1891); 
appointed  United  States  consul  general  to  Cairo, 
Egypt,  and  remained  there  until  shortly  before 
his  death  in  Liverpool,  England,  May  18,  1892. 

Anderson,  Joseph,  a  Senator  from  Tennessee; 
born  near  Philadelphia,  Pa.,  November  5,  1757; 
studied  law;  served  through  the  Revolutionary 
war,  and  attained  the  rank  of  brevet  major;  ad- 
mitted to  the  bar,  and  practiced  in  Delaware  *or 
several  years;  appointed  United  States  judge  fo 
the  Territory  south  of  the  Ohio  River  in  1791 ;  mem- 
ber of  the  first  constitutional  convention  of  Ten- 
nessee; appointed  and  subsequently  elected  to 
the  United  States  Senate,  to  fill  vacancy  caused 
by  the  expulsion  of  William  Blount,  and  served 
from  September  26,  1797,  to  December  12,  1798; 
reelected,  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of 
Andrew  Jackson;  reelected,  and  served  from  De- 
cember 12,  1798,  to  March  3,  1809;  appointed,  and 
subsequently  elected  to  fill  vacancy  happening  at 
the  end  of  his  own  term,  and  served  from  March 
4,  1809,  to  March  3,  1815;  President  of  the  Senate 
pro  tempore,  January  15,  February  28,  and  March 
2,  1805;  First  Comptroller  of  the  Treasury,  March 
4,  1815-July  1,  1836;  died  in  Washington,  D.  C., 
April  17,  1837. 

Anderson,  Joseph  H.,  a  Representative  from 
New  York;  born  in  White  Plains,  N.  Y.;  attended 
the  common  schools;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to 
the  Twenty-eighth  and  Twenty-ninth  Congresses 
(March  4,  1843-March  3,  1847);  died  in  White 
Plains,  N.  Y. 

Anderson,  Josiah  McNair,  a  Representative 
from  Tennessee;  born  in  Bledsoe  county,  Tenn., 
November  29,  1807;  attended  the  common  schools; 
studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  prac- 
ticed in  Jasper,  Marion  county;  member  of  the 
state  house  of  representatives;  member  of  the  state 
senate  1843-1845,  and  served  as  president  of  the 
body ;  elected  as  a  Whig  to  the  Thirty -first  Congress 
(March  4,  1849-March  3,  1851);  delegate  from  Ten- 
nessee to  the  peace  congress  of  1861;  killed  in 
Marion  county,  Tenn.,  November  8,  1861. 

Anderson,  Lu§ien,  a  Representative  from  Ken- 
tucky; born  in  Graves  county,  near  Mayfield,  Ky., 
June  23, 1824;  attended  the  public  schools;  studied 
law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1845,  and  practiced 
in  Mayfield;  elected  as  a  Unionist  to  the  Thirty- 
eighth  Congress  (March  4,  1863-March  3,  1865); 


BIOGRAPHIES. 


441 


resumed  the  practice  of  law  until  1885  when  he 
retired;  died  in  Mayfield,  Ky.,  October  18,  1898. 

Anderson,  Richard  Clough,  jr.,  a  Representa- 
tive from  Kentucky;  born  at  "Soldier's  Retreat," 
near  Louisville,  Ky.,  August4, 1788;  was  graduated 
from  William  and  Mary  college  in  Virginia  in  1804; 
studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  practiced 
in  Louisville;  member  of  the  Kentucky  legislature 
for  several  terms;  elected  to  the  Fifteenth  and  Six- 
teenth Congresses  (March  4,  1817-March  3,  1821); 
again  a  member  of  the  state  legislature  in  1822,  and 
served  as  speaker  of  the  house;  first  United  States 
minister  to  Colombia,  January  27,  1823;  took 
his  leave  June  7,  having  been  commissioned  envoy 
extraordinary  to  the  Panama  congress  of  nations, 
but  died  en  route,  in  Cartagena,  Colombia,  July 
24,  1826. 

Anderson,  Samuel,  a  Representative  from 
Pennsylvania;  born  in  Pennsylvania  about  1772; 
studied  medicine  and  was  admitted  to  practice; 
entered  the  United  States  Navy  as  assistant  sur- 
geon; resigned  and  located  in  Chester,  Pa.;  raised 
and  commanded  the  Mifflin  Guards  during  the  war 
of  1812;  sheriff  of  Delaware  County;  again  ap- 
pointed assistant  surgeon  in  the  Navy  and  assigned 
to  the  West  India  station,  but  was  forced  to  resign 
on  account  of  ill  health;  member  of  the  state 
house  of  representatives  1823-1825;  elected  to  the 
Twentieth  Congress  (March  4, 1827-March  3, 1829); 
reelected  to  the  state  house  of  representatives 
1829-1833  and  1834-1835,  and  served  as  Speaker 
in  1833;  died  in  Chester,  Pa.,  January  17,  1850. 

Anderson,  Simeon  H.,  a  Representative  from 
Kentucky;  born  in  Garrard  county,  Ky.,  March  2, 
1802;  studied  law,  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar; 
member  of  the  state  legislature;  elected  to  the 
Twenty-sixth  Congress,  and  served  from  March  4, 
1839,  until  his  death  near  Lancaster,  Ky.,  August 
11,  1840. 

Anderson,  Thomas  Lilbourn,  a  Representa- 
tive from  Missouri;  born  in  Greene  county,  Ky., 
December  8, 1808;  studied  law,  and  was  admitted 
to  the  bar;  removed  to  Missouri  in  1830,  where  he 
began  the  practice  of  law;  member  of  the  state 
legislature  m  1840;  presidential  elector  1844,  1848, 
1852,  and  1856;  member  of  the  state  constitutional 
convention  of  1845;  elected  as  a  National  American 
to  the  Thirty-fifth,  and  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Thirty- 
sixth  Congress  (March  4, 1857-March  3, 1861);  died 
in  Palmyra,  Mo.,  March  6,  1885. 

Anderson,  William,  a  Representative  from 
Pennsylvania;  born  in  Chester  county,  Pa.,  in 
1759;  served  during  the  Revolutionary  war  on  the 
staff  of  Gen.  Lafayette,  and  distinguished  himself 
at  Germantown  and  Yorktown;  settled  in  Dela- 
ware county,  Pa.,  in  1790,  where  he  occupied 
several  public  positions;  elected  as  a  Jeffersonian 
Democrat  to  the  Eleventh,  Twelfth,  and  Thir- 
teenth Congresses  (March  4,  1809-March  3,  1815); 
reelected  to  the  Fifteenth  Congress  (March  4, 
1817-March  3,  1819);  collector  of  customs  in  Ches- 
ter, Pa.,  until  his  death  December  13,  1829. 

Anderson,  William  B.,  a  Representative  from 
Illinois;  born  in  Mount  Vernon,  111.,  April  2,  1830; 
attended  the  common  schools;  surveyor  of  Jeffer- 
son county  in  1851;  studied  law,  and  was  admitted 
to  the  bar,  but  never  practiced ;  was  a  member  of 
the  legislature  in  1856  and  1858;  entered  the 
Union  army  as  a  private  in  1861;  commissioned 
lieutenant  colonel  Sixtieth  Illinois  infantry  Feb- 


ruary 17,  1862;  colonel  April  4,  1863;  brevetted 
brigadier  general  of  volunteers  March  13, 1865,  "for 
gallant  and  meritorious  service  during  the  war  ";  re- 
signed December  26,  1864;  member  of  the  consti- 
tutional convention  of  Illinois  in  1869;  elected  to 
the  state  senate  in  1871;  elected  as  an  Indepen- 
dent Democrat  to  the  Forty-fourth  Congress  (March 

4,  1875-March  3,  1877);  collector  of  internal  rev- 
enue, southern  district  of  Illinois,  1885-1889;  pen- 
sion agent  in  Chicago  1893-1897;  colonel  in  an 
Illinois  regiment  in  the  war  with  Spain;  died  in 
Chicago,  111.,  August  28,  1901;  interment  in  Oak- 
wood  cemetery,  Mt.  Vernon.  111. 

Anderson,  William  Colman,  a  Representative 
from  Tennessee;  born  near  Green eville,  Tenn.,  in 
1853;  was  graduated  from  Tusculum  college  in 
1876;  read  law  in  Newport,  Tenn.,  and  was  ad- 
mitted to  the  bar  in  1878;  elected  to  the  state  legis- 
lature from  Cocke  and  Sevier  counties  in  1880  as  a 
Republican;  a  principal  examiner  in  the  general 
land  office  in  1889;  afterwards  chief  of  the  contest 
division,  and  chief  clerk  of  the  general  land  office; 
returned  to  Newport  in  1893,  and  resumed  the  prac- 
tice of  law;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Fifty- 
fourth  Congress  (March  4,  1895-March  3,  1897);  re- 
sumed the  practice  of  law;  died  in  Newport,  Tenn., 
September  8,  1902. 

Anderson,  William  Clayton,  a  Representative 
from  Kentucky;  born  in  Lancaster,  Ky.,  Decem- 
ber 6,  1829;  was  graduated  from  Danville  college; 
studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  prac- 
ticed; member  of  the  state  house  of  representatives 
1851-1853;  defeated  candidate  of  the  American 
party  for  the  Thirty-fifth  Congress;  elected  as  a 
member  of  the  American  party  to  the  Thirty-sixth 
Congress  (March  4,  1859-March  3,  1861);  died  in 
Frankfort,  Ky.,  December  23,  1861. 

Andrew,  John  Forrester,  a  Representative 
from  Massachusetts;  born  in  Hingham,  Mass., 
November  24,  1850;  was  graduated  from  Harvard 
law  school  in  1875;  admitted  to  the  Suffolk  bar, 
and  practiced  law  in  Boston;  member  of  the  state 
house  of  representatives  1880,  1881,  1882;  served 
in  the  state  senate  1884,  1885;  commissioner  of 
parks  for  Boston  1885-1890,  and  again  in  1894; 
unsuccessful  Democratic  candidate  for  governor 
in  1886;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Fifty-first 
and  Fifty-second  Congresses  (March  4,  1889-March 
3,  1893);  died  in  Boston,  Mass.,  May  30,  1895. 

Andrews,  Charles,  a  Representative  from 
Maine;  born  in  Paris,  Me.,  in  1814;  studied  law,  was 
admitted  to  the  bar  in  1837,  and  began  practice 
in  Turner,  Me. ;  member  of  the  state  house  of 
representatives  1839-1843,  and  served  as  speaker  in 
1842;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Thirty-second 
Congress,  and  served  from  March  4,  1851,  until  his 
death  in  Paris,  Me.,  April  30,  1852. 

Andrews,  George  Bex,  a  Representative  from 
New  York;  born  in  Kingsbury,  Washington  county, 
N.  Y.,  September  8,  1808;  attended  the  common 
schools,  and  academies ;  studied  law  in  Ticonderoga, 
and  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  New  York  city; 
elected  as  a  Whig  to  the  Thirty-first  Congress 
(March  4,  1849-March  3,  1851);  moved  to  Oshkosh, 
Wis.,  and  devoted  himself  to  the  timber  and  lum- 
ber business;  died  in  Oshkosh,  Wis.,  December 

5,  1873. 

Andrews,  JohnT.,  a  Representative  from  New 
York;  born  in  North  Reading,  N.  Y.,  in  1816- 
attended  the  public  schools;  served  as  sheriff  of 
Steuben  county  1834-1837;  elected  as  a  Democrat 


442 


CONGRESSIONAL   DIEECTOEY. 


to  the  Twenty-fifth  Congress  (March  4,  1837-March 
3,  1839). 

Andrews,  Landaff  Watson,  a  Representative 
from  Kentucky;  born  in  Flemingsburg,  Ky.,  Feb- 
ruary 12, 1803 ;  was  graduated  from  the  Transylvania 
university  in  1824;  studied  law,  and  in  1826  was  ad- 
mitted to  the  bar;  county  attorney  of  Fleming 
county  1828-1839;  member  of  the  state  house  of 
representatives  in  1834,  1838,  and  1861;  elected  as 
a  Whig  to  the  Twenty-sixth  and  Twenty-seventh 
Congresses  (March  4,  1839-March  3,  1843);  defeated 
for  reelection  to  the  Twenty -eighth  Congress;  mem- 
ber of  the  state  senate  in  1857;  resumed  the  prac- 
tice of  law  in  Flemingsburg,  Ky.,  until  his  death 
December  23,  1887. 

Andrews,  Samuel  George,  a  Representative 
from  New  York;  born  in  Derby,  Conn.,  October  16, 
1796;  attended  the  public  schools,  and  a  classical 
academy  in  Cheshire,  Conn.;  moved  with  his  par- 
ents to  Rochester,  N.  Y.,  in  1815;  engaged  in  manu- 
facturing; clerk  of  Monroe  county  1835-1837 ;  mayor 
of  Rochester  1840  and  1856;  clerk  of  the  state 
house  of  representatives  in  1831  and  1832;  secretary 
of  the  state  senate  four  years;  postmaster  of  Roch- 
ester 1841-1844;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the 
Thirty-fifth  Congress  (March  4,  1857-March  3, 
1859);  died  in  Rochester,  N.  Y.,  June  11,  1863. 

Andrews,  Sherlock  J.,  a  Representative  from 
Ohio;  born  in  Wallingford,  Conn.,  in  1801;  was 
graduated  from  Union  college;  studied  law,  and  was 
admitted  to  the  bar,  and  began  practice  in  Cleve- 
land, Ohio,  in  1825;  judge  of  the  superior  court; 
elected  as  a  Whig  to  the  Twenty-seventh  Con- 
gress (March  4,  1841-March  3,  1843). 

Andrews,  William  E.,  a  Representative  from 
Nebraska;  born  near  Oskaloosa,  Mahaska  county, 
Iowa;  attended  Simpson  college,  Indianola,  Iowa, 
in  1874;  elected  superintendent  of  schools  of  Ring- 
gold  county  in  1879;  was  graduated  from  Parsons 
college,  Fairfield,  Iowa,  in  1885;  member  of  the 
faculty  of  Hastings  (Nebr.)  college  from  January  1, 
1885,  to  January  1,  1893;  elected  vice  president  of 
the  college  in  1889  and  president  of  the  Nebraska 
state  teachers'  association  in  1890;  elected  as  a 
Republican  to  the  Fifty-fourth  Congress  (March  4, 
1895-March  3,  1897);  auditor  for  the  Treasury 
Department  in  1897. 

Andrews,  William  Henry,  a  Delegate  from  the 
Territory  of  New  Mexico;  born  in  Youngsville,  Pa., 
January  14,  1846;  attended  the  public  schools;  a 
farmer,  merchant,  and  builder  of  railroads;  was 
president  of  the  Santa  Fe  Central  railway  company; 
chairman  of  the  Republican  state  committee  of 
Pennsylvania  in  1889-1890;  member  of  the  senate 
of  Pennsylvania  1895-1898;  member  of  the  house  of 
representatives  of  Pennsylvania  1889-1902;  moved 
to  the  Territory  of  New  Mexico;  member  of  the 
Territorial  council  1903-1904;  elected  as  a  Repub- 
lican a  Delegate  to  the  Fifty-ninth,  Sixtieth,  and 
Sixty-first  Congresses  (March  4, 1905-March  3,1911); 
engaged  in  agricultural  pursuits. 

Andrus,  John  Emory,  a  Representative  from 
New  York;  born  in  Pleasantville,  Westchester 
county,  N.  Y.,  February  16,  1841;  prepared  for 
college  in  Charlotteville  seminary,  Schoharie 
county,  N.  Y.,  and  was  graduated  from  Wesleyan 
university,  Middle  town,  Conn.,  in  1862;  engaged  in 
the  manufacture  of  medicinal  preparations;  presi- 
dent of  the  New  York  pharmaceutical  association 
and  of  the  Palisade  manufacturing  company; 
elected  mayor  of  Yonkers  in  1903;  elected  as  a 


Republican  to  the  Fifty-ninth,  Sixtieth,  and  Sixty- 
first  Congresses  (March  4, 1905-March  3,  1911).  Re- 
elected  to  the  Sixty-second  Congress. 

Angel,  William  G.,  a  Representative  from  New 
York;  born  in  New  Shoreham,  Block  Island,  R.  I., 
July  17, 1790;  moved  with  his  parents  to  Litchfield, 
Otsego  county,  N.  Y.,  in  1792;  attended  the  com- 
mon schools;  studied  medicine  in  1807;  studied  law, 
was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  began  practice  in  Bur- 
lington, N.  Y.,  in  1817;  elected  as  a  John  Quincy 
Adams  Democrat  to  the  Nineteenth  Congress 
(March  4,  1825-March  3,  1827);  re-elected  as  a 
Jackson  Democrat  to  the  Twenty-first  and  Twenty- 
second  Congresses  (March  4,  1829-March  3,  1833); 
resumed  the  practice  of  law  in  Hammondsport, 
N.  Y. ;  member  of  the  state  constitutional  conven- 
tion of  1846;  was  elected  judge  of  Allegany  county 
in  1847;  died  in  Angelica,  N.  Y.,  August  13, 1858. 

Ankeny,  Levi,  a  Senator  from  Washington;  born 
near  St.  Joseph,  Mo.,  August  1,  1844;  with  his  pa- 
rents crossed  the  plains  to  Oregon  in  1850,  where  he 
attended  the  public  schools  of  Portland;  engaged 
in  mercantile  business  in  Lewiston,  Idaho; 
first  mayor  of  Lewiston,  the  government  having 
deeded  to  him,  as  trustee,  the  public  land  on 
which  that  city  is  located;  moved  to  Walla  Walla, 
Wash.,  and  engaged  in  banking;  president  of 
seven  banks  in  Washington  and  Oregon;  member  of 
the  Walla  Walla  common  council;  chairman  of  the 
state  delegation  in  the  Republican  national  con- 
vention in  Philadelphia  in  1900;  appointed  mem- 
ber Pan-American  exposition  commission,  and  be- 
came its  chairman;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the 
United  States  Senate,  and  served  from  March  4, 
1903,  to  March  3,  1909;  a  resident  of  Walla  Walla, 
Wash. 

Ansbery,  Timothy  Thomas,  a  Representative 
from  Ohio;  born  in  Defiance,  Ohio,  December  24, 
1871;  attended  the  public  schools,  and  was  gradu- 
ated from  the  University  of  Notre  Dame  in  June, 
1893;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  the  same  year  and 
practiced  in  Defiance,  Ohio;  justice  of  the  peace  in 
Defiance  for  two  years;  prosecuting  attorney  of 
Defiance  county  three  terms;  elected  as  a  Demo- 
crat to  the  Sixtieth  and  Sixty-first  Congresses 
(March  4,  1907-March  3,  1911).  Reelected  to  the 
Sixty-second  Congress. 

Anthony,  Daniel  Bead,  jr.,  a  Representative 
from  Kansas;  born  in  Leavenworth,  Kans.,  August 
22, 1870;  attended  public  schools,  and  afterwards  the 
Michigan  military  academy,  and  the  University  of 
Michigan;  studied  law,  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar; 
engaged  in  newspaper  work;  postmaster  of  Leaven- 
worth  1899-1903;  mayor  of  Leavenworth  1903- 
1905;  became  manager  of  the  Leavenworth  Daily 
Times  upon  the  death  of  his  father,  Col.  Daniel  R. 
Anthony,  in  November,  1904;  elected  as  a  Repub- 
lican to  the  Sixtieth  Congress  at  a  special  election, 
May  23,  1907,  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  the  resig- 
nation of  Charles  Curtis;  reelected  to  the  Sixty- 
first  Congress  (March  4,  1907-March  3,  1911). 
Reelected  to  the  Sixty-second  Congress. 

Anthony,  Henry  Bowen,  a  Senator  from  Rhode 
Island;  born  in  Coventry,  R.  I.,  April  1,  1815; 
attended  a  private  school  in  Providence,  R.  I., 
and  was  graduated  from  Brown  university  in  1833 ; 
editor  of  the  Providence  Journal  in  1838,  and  after- 
wards became  one  of  its  proprietors;  elected  gover- 
nor of  Rhode  Island  in  1849,  and  reelected  in  1S50; 
declined  a  renomination;  resumed  editorial  work; 
elected  to  the  United  States  Senate  in  1859,  and 


BIOGRAPHIES. 


443 


served  from  March  4,  1859,  until  his  death;  was 
elected  President  pro  tempore  of  the  Senate  March 
23,  1869;  April  8,  1869;  May  28,  1870;  July  1  and 
July  14,  1870,  and  repeatedly  in  1871;  also  elected 
to  that  position  in  1884,  but  on  account  of  ill  health 
declined  to  serve;  died  in  Providence,  R.  I., 
September  2,  1884. 

Anthony,  Joseph  Biles,  a  Representative  from 
Pennsylvania;  born  in  Philadelphia,  Pa.,  June  19, 
1795;  attended  the  public  schools;  studied  law,  was 
admitted  to  the  bar,  and  practiced ;  member  of  the 
state  senate  1830-1833;  elected  to  the  Twenty- 
third  and  Twenty-fourth  Congresses  (March  4, 1833- 
March  3,  1837);  appointed  judge  of  the  "Nicholson 
Court,"  engaged  in  settling  titles  to  vast  tracts  of 
land  in  Pennsylvania ;  in  1844  was  elected  president 
judge  of  the  eighth  district,  and  served  until  his 
death  in  Williamsport,  Pa.,  January  10, 1851. 

Antony,  Edwin  Le  Roy,  a  Representative  from 
Texas;  born  near  Waynesboro,  Burke  county,  Ga., 
January  5,  1852;  moved  with  his  parents  to  Texas 
in  1859,  and  located  in  Brazoria  county,  where 
they  resided  until  the  close  of  the  Civil  war;  then 
took  up  their  residence  in  Milam  county  in  1867; 
was  graduated  from  the  University  of  Georgia 
in  1873;  returned  home,  read  law,  and  was  ad- 
mitted to  the  bar,  January  8,  1874;  two  years  later 
elected  county  attorney,  the  first  under  the  con- 
stitution of  1876;  while  an  alderman  of  his  city 
was  elected  as  a  Democrat  June  14,  1892,  to  the 
Fifty-second  Congress,  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by 
the  resignation  of  Roger  Q.  Mills,  and  served 
from  July  28,  1892,  until  March  3,  1893;  returned 
to  Cameron,  Tex.,  and  resumed  the  practice  of 
law. 

Aplin,  Henry  Harrison,  a  Representative  from 
Michigan;  born  in  Thetford,  Genesee  county, 
Mich.,  April  15,  1841;  moved  to  Flint,  Mich., 
in  1848;  attended  the  public  schools;  at  the  out- 
break of  the  Civil  war  enlisted,  July  3,  1861, 
in  company  C,  sixteenth  Michigan  infantry; 
served  until  July  16,  1865,  with  the  rank  of  second 
lieutenant;  returned  to  Michigan,  engaged  in  busi- 
ness at  Wenona,  now  West  Bay  City;  postmaster 
of  West  Bay  City  from  November,  1869,  to  June, 
1886,  and  again  appointed  to  the  same  office  Octo- 
ber 1,  1898;  elected  auditor  general  of  the  state  in 
1886,  and  1888;  member  of  the  lower  house  of  the 
state  legislature  1894-1895;  delegate  in  the  Repub- 
lican national  convention  which  nominated  Blaine 
and  Logan  in  1884;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the 
Fifty-seventh  Congress,  to  fill  vacancy  caused 
by  the  death  of  Rousseau  O.  Crump,  and  served 
from  October  20,  1901,  to  March  3,  1903;  died  in 
West  Bay  City,  Mich.,  July  23,  1910. 

Appleton,  John,  a  Representative  from  Maine; 
born  in  Beverly,  Mass.,  February  11,  1815;  was 
graduated  from  Bowdoin  college  in  1834;  studied 
law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  began  practice 
in  Portland,  Me.,  in  1837;  engaged  in  editorial 
work  on  the  Eastern  Argus;  chief  clerk  of  the  Navy 
Department,  also  of  the  Department  of  State; 
minister  to  Bolivia  from  March  30,  1848,  to  May  4, 
1849;  elected*  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Thirty-second 
Congress  (March  4, 1851-March3, 1853);  secretary  of 
legation  in  London  from  February  19,  1855,  to 
November  16, 1855,  and  served  in  October  as  charg6 
d'affaires;  Assistant  Secretary  of  State  from  April  4, 
1857,  to  June  8,  1860;  minister  to  Russia  from  June, 
1860,  to  June  7,  1861;  died  in  Portland,  Me., 
August  22,  1864. 


Appleton,  Nathan,  a  Representative  from  Mas- 
sachusetts; born  in  New  Ipswich,  N.  H.,  October 
6, 1779;  attended  Dartmouth  college,  but  left  shortly 
afterwards  to  accept  a  position  as  clerk  in  his 
brother's  importing  house  in  Boston;  one  of  the 
founders  of  the  cotton-mill  industry  of  Waltham, 
Mass.;  also  one  of  the  founders  of  Lowell  in  1821; 
served  several  years  as  a  member  of  the  legislature; 
elected  as  a  high-tariff  Whig  to  the  Twenty- 
second  Congress  (March  4,  1831-March  3,  1833), 
reelected  to  the  Twenty-seventh  Congress,  to  fill 
vacancy  caused  by  the  resignation  of  Robert  C. 
Winthrop,  and  served  from  June  9,  1842,  until 
his  resignation,  September  28,  1842;  died  in 
Boston,  Mass.,  July  14,  1861. 

Appleton,  William,  a  Representative  from  Mas- 
sachusetts; born  in  Brookfield,  Mass.,  November  16, 
1786;  received  a  liberal  schooling;  went  to  Boston 
in  1807,  and  engaged  in  business;  elected  as  a 
Whig  to  the  Thirty-second  and  Thirty-third  Con- 
gresses (March  4,  1851-March  3,  1855);  reelected 
to  the  Thirty-seventh  Congress,  and  served  from 
March  4,  1861,  until  his  resignation,  September  27, 
1861;  died  near  Boston,  Mass.,  February  15,  1862. 

Apsley,  Lewis  Dewart,  a  Representative  from 
Massachusetts;  born  in  Northumberland,  Pa., 
September  29,  1852;  at  the  age  of  fifteen  went  to 
Philadelphia  and  engaged  m  business;  early 
identified  himself  with  the  rubber-goods  trade; 
removed  to  Massachusetts  in  1877,  and  became 
in  1885  a  manufacturer  of  rubber  clothing  in 
Hudson;  president  of  the  Apsley  rubber  company, 
president  of  the  Hudson  board  of  trade,  and  a 
director  in  the  Hudson  National  bank;  elected  as  a 
Republican  to  the  Fifty-third  and  Fifty-fourth 
Congresses  (March  4,  1893-March  3,  1897);  de- 
clined a  renomination;  resumed  business  in  Hud- 
son, Mass. 

Archer,  John,  a  Representative  from  Maryland; 
born  in  Harford  county,  Md.,  May  5,  1741;  was 
graduated  from  Princeton  college  in  1760;  studied 
medicine,  and  received  from  the  Philadelphia 
college  the  first  medical  diploma  issued  on  the 
American  continent  in  1768;  member  Revolu- 
tionary committee  1774-1776;  raised  a  military 
company  during  the  Revolution;  member  of  the 
state  constitutional  convention  of  1776;  served  sev- 
eral years  in  the  general  assembly  of  Maryland; 
presidential  elector  in  1797,  and  1801;  elected  to  the 
Seventh,  Eighth,  and  Ninth  Congresses  (March  4, 
1801-March  3,  1807);  founded,  with  his  son,  Dr. 
Thomas  Archer,  the  medical  and  chirurgical  fac- 
ulty of  Maryland  in  1799;  died  in  his  country  home, 
"Medical  Hall,"  near  Bel  Air,  Harford  county, 
Md.,  September  28,  1810. 

Archer,  Stevenson,  a  Representative  from 
Maryland;  born  near  Bel  Air,  Harford  county,  Md., 
October  11,  1786;  was  graduated  from  Princeton 
college  in  1805;  studied  law,  and  was  admitted  to 
the  bar;  judge  of  the  Maryland  court  of  appeals 
1823-1844,  and  served  as  chief  justice  1844-1848; 
elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Twelfth,  Thirteenth, 
and  Fourteenth  Congresses  (March  4,  1811-March 
3,  1817);  appointed  a  United  States  judge  for  the 
territory  of  Mississippi;  reelected  to  the  Sixteenth 
Congress  (March  4,  1819-March  3,  1821);  died  near 
Bel  Air,  Harford  county,  Md.,  June  26,  1848. 

Archer,  Stevenson,  a  Representative  from 
Maryland;  born  in  Harford  county,  Md.,  February 
28,  1827;  was  graduated  from  Princeton  college  in 
1846;  studied  law,  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar; 


444 


CONGRESSIONAL   DIRECTORY. 


member  of  the  Maryland  legislature  in  1854; 
elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Fortieth,  Forty-first, 
Forty-second,  and  Forty-third  Congresses  (March 
4,  1867-March  3,  1875);  resumed  the  practice  of 
law  in  Bel  Air,  Md.,  until  his  death  August  2, 1898. 

Archer,  William  S.,  a  Representative  and  a 
Senator  from  Virginia;  born  in  Amelia  county,  Va., 
March  5,  1789;  was  graduated  from  William  and 
Mary  college  in  1806;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to 
the  bar,  and  practiced  in  Amelia  county  1810-1855; 
elected  to  the  state  house  of  delegates  in  1812,  and 
reelected  annually  until  1819,  with  the  exception 
of  a  single  year;  elected  as  a  Whig  to  the  Sixteenth 
Congress,  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  the  resignation 
of  James  Pleasants;  reelected  to  the  Seventeenth, 
and  to  the  six  succeeding  Congresses,  and  served 
from  January  18,  1820,  to  March  3,  1835;  elected 
to  the  United  States  Senate,  and  served  from  March 
4,  1841,  to  March  3,  1847;  died  in  Amelia  county, 
Va.,  March  28,  1855. 

Armneld,  Robert  Franklin,  a  Representative 
from  North  Carolina;  born  in  Guilford  county, 
N.  C.,  July  9,  1829;  attended  Trinity  college, 
North  Carolina;  studied  law,  and  was  admitted  to 
the  bar;  state  solicitor  for  the  sixth  district  1863- 
1865;  lieutenant  colonel  of  the  thirty -eighth  regi- 
ment of  North  Carolina  state  troops  during  the  Civil 
war;  president  of  the  state  senate  of  North  Carolina, 
and  lieutenant  governor  in  1785-1876;  elected  as  a 
Democrat  to  the  Forty-sixth  and  Forty-seventh 
Congresses  (March  4,  1879-March  3,  1883);  ap- 
pointed judge  of  the  supreme  court  in  1889;  re- 
elected  judge  of  the  supreme  court  in  1890,  and 
served  until  January  1, 1895,  when  he  retired;  died 
in  Statesville,  N.  C.,  November  9, 1898. 

Armstrong,  David  Hartley,  a  Senator  from 
Missouri;  born  in  Nova  Scotia,  October  21,  1812; 
attended  Maine  Wesleyan  seminary;  moved  to 
St.  Louis,  Mo.,  in  1837;  instructor  of  the  first 
public  school  in  Missouri;  comptroller  of  St.  Louis 
1847-1850;  vice-president  of  the  board  of  police 
commissioners;  appointed  postmaster  of  St.  Louis 
in  1854;  appointed  to  the  United  States  Senate  as  a 
Democrat,  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  the  death  of 
Lewis  V.  Bogy,  and  served  from  October  15,  1877, 
to  March  3,  1879;  died  in  St.  Louis,  Mo.,  March 
18,  1893. 

Armstrong,  James,  a  Representative  from 
Pennsylvania;  born  in  Carlisle,  Pa.,  August  29, 
1748;  attended  the  Philadelphia  academy,  and  the 
College  of  New  Jersey  (now  Princeton)^  studied 
medicine  in  Dr.  John  Morgan's  school  in  Phila- 
delphia, and  was  graduated  from  the  University  of 
Pennsylvania  in  1769;  located  in  paractice  in 
Winchester,  Frederick  county,  Va. ;  was  a  medical 
officer  in  the  Revolutionary  war;  pursued  medical 
studies  in  London,  England,  for  three  years;  re- 
turned to  Carlisle,  Pa.,  in  1788;  moved  to  Miffiin 
county,  Pa.,  and  practiced  medicine  there  for 
twelve  years;  was  appointed  an  associate  judge, 
and  during  his  service  repelled  a  riot  at  the  court 
house  by  the  use  of  firearms;  was  elected  to  the 
Third  Congress  (March  4,  1793-March  3,  1795);  re- 
turned to  Carlisle  in  1796;  associate  judge  of  the 
Cumberland  county  court,  and  served  until  his 
death  in  Carlisle,  Pa.,  May  6,  1828. 

Armstrong,  John,  a  Delegate  from  Pennsyl- 
vania; born  in  Ireland  in  1735;  came  to  the  United 
States  and  located  in  Carlisle,  Pa.;  rendered  dis- 
tinguished service  and  was  commissioned  brigadier 
general  in  the  Continental  army  in  1776,  and  re- 


signed April  4,  1777;  Delegate  in  the  Continental 
Congress,  1778-1780,  and  1787-1788;  died  in  Car- 
lisle, Pa.,  March  9,  1795. 

Armstrong,  John,  a  Senator  from  New  York; 
born  in  Carlisle,  Pa.,  November  25,  1755;  attended 
Princeton  college,  but  left  to  enter  the  Revolution- 
ary army;  served  on  the  staffs  of  Gens.  Mercer  and 
Gates;  secretary  of  state  of  Pennsylvania;  moved 
to  Duchess  county;  elected  to  the  United  States 
Senate,  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  the  resignation  of 
John  Laurance,  and  served  from  November  6, 1800, 
until  his  resignation  February  10,  1802;  appointed 
to  the  United  States  Senate,  to  fill  vacancy  caused 
by  the  resignation  of  De  Witt  Clinton,  and  served 
from  November  10,  1803,  until  February  4,  1804; 
again  elected  to  the  United  States  Senate,  to  fill 
vacancy  caused  by  the  resignation  of  Theodorous 
Bailey,  and  served  from  February  4,  1804,  until 
June  30,  1804,  when  he  again  resigned;  United 
States  minister  to  France  June  30,1804,  to  Septem- 
ber 14,  1810:  was  commissioned  brigadier  general 
July  6,  1812;  Secretary  of  War  from  January  13, 
1813,  to  September  27,  1814;  died  in  Red  Hook, 
N.  Y.,  April  1,1843. 

Armstrong,  Moses  Kimball,  a  Delegate  from 
the  Territory  of  Dakota;  born  in  Milan,  Ohio,  Sep- 
tember 19, 1832;  attended  the  Huron  institute,  and 
Western  Reserve  college,  Ohio;  moved  to  the  Ter- 
ritory of  Minnesota  in  1856;  elected  surveyor  of 
Mower  county,  and  assigned  to  survey  of  the 
United  States  lands  in  1858;  went  to  Yankton, 
then  a  small  Indian  village,  when  the  Territory 
was  admitted  as  a  state;  was  a  member  of 
the  first  Territorial  legislature;  reelected  in 
1862  and  1863,  and  served  as  speaker;  edited  the 
Dakota  Union  in  1864;  appointed  clerk  of  the 
supreme  court  in  1865;  elected  to  the  Territo- 
rial council  in  1866,  and  in  1867  chosen  speaker; 
acted  as  secretary  of  the  Indian  peace  commission 
in  1867;  established  the  great  meridian  and  stand- 
ard lines  for  United  States  surveys  in  southern 
Dakota  and  northern  Red  River  valley;  again 
elected  to  the  Territorial  council  in  1869;  elected 
as  a  Democrat  a  Delegate  to  the  Forty-second  and 
Forty-third  Congresses  (March  4,  1871-March  3, 
1875);  moved  to  St.  James,  Minn.,  and  engaged  in 
banking  and  real  estate  business;  died  in  Albert 
Lea,  Minn.,  January  11,  1906. 

Armstrong,  William,  a  Representative  from 
Virginia;  born  in  Lisburn,  Antrim  county,  Ire- 
land, December  23, 1782;  came  to  the  United  States 
in  1792,  and  settled  in  Virginia;  studied  law  while  a 
clerk  in  Winchester;  United  States  tax  collector  in 
1818-1819;  member  of  the  state  house  of  delegates 
1822-1823;  presidential  elector  1820-L824;  elected 
as  a  Whig  to  the  Nineteenth,  Twentieth,  Twenty- 
first,  and  Twenty-second  Congresses  (March  4, 1825- 
March  3,  1833). 

Armstrong,  William  H.,  a  Representative  from 
Pennsylvania;  born  in  Williamsport,  Pa.,  Sep- 
tember 7,  1824;  was  graduated  from  Princeton 
university  in  1847;  studied  law,  and  was  admitted 
to  the  bar;  served  in  the  state  legislature  in  1860,  and 
1861;  declined  a  commission  as  president  judge  of 
the  twenty-sixth  judicial  circuit  of  Pennsylvania 
in  1862;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Forty-first 
Congress  (March  4,  1869-March  3,  1871). 

Arnell,  Samuel  M.,  a  Representative  from  Ten- 
nessee; born  in  Maury  county,  Tenn.,  May  3, 1833; 
attended  Amherst  college;  member  of  the  consti- 
tutional convention  of  Tennessee  in  1865;  served 


BIOGRAPHIES. 


445 


in  the  state  house  of  representatives  in  1865,  and 
1866;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Thirty-ninth, 
Fortieth,  and  Forty-first  Congresses,  and  served 
from  March  4,  1866,  to  March  3,  1871;  died  in 
Johnson  City,  Teun.,  July  20,  1903. 

Arnold,  Benedict,  a  Representative  from  New 
York;  native  of  that  state;  served  in  the  state 
assembly  of  New  York  1816-1817;  elected  to  the 
Twenty-first  Congress  (March  4,  1829-March  3, 
1831). 

Arnold,  Isaac  Newton,  a  Representative  from 
Illinois;  born  in  Hard  wick,  Otsego  county,  N.  Y., 
November  30,  1815;  attended  the  common  schools; 
while  teaching  studied  law,  and  was  admitted  to 
the  bar  in  1835;  moved  to  Chicago,  111.,  where  he 
began  practice;  elected  city  clerk;  member  of  the 
state  house  of  representatives  in  1843;  presidential 
elector  on  the  Polk  ticket  in  1844;  elected  as  a  Re- 
publican to  the  Thirty-seventh  and  Thirty-eighth 
Congresses  (March  4,  1861-March  3,  1865);  Sixth 
Auditor  of  the  United  States  Treasury  from  April 
29,  1865,  to  September  26,  1866;  died  in  Chicago, 
11.,  April  21,  1884. 

Arnold,  Jonathan,  a  Delegate  from  Rhode 
Island;  born  in  Providence,  R.  I.,  December  14, 
1741;  studied  medicine,  and  practiced;  member  of 
the  general  assembly  of  Rhode  Island  from  Provi- 
dence in  1776;  served  in  the  Revolutionary  army 
as  surgeon;  director  of  the  Army  hospital  in  Provi- 
dence; sat  in  the  Continental  Congress  in  1782 
and  1783;  moved  to  St.  Johnsbury,  Vt.;  appointed 
judge  of  Orange  county,  and  served  until  his  death, 
February  2,  1798. 

Arnold,  Lemuel  Hastings,  a  Representative 
from  Rhode  Island;  born  in  St.  Johnsbury,  Vt., 
January  20, 1792;  moved  with  his  parents  to  Rhode 
Island;  was  graduated  from  Dartmouth  college  in 
1811;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and 
practiced,  but  later  engaged  in  manufacturing; 
member  of  the  state  general  assembly  1826-1831; 
elected  governor  of  Rhode  Island  in  1831,  and  re- 
elected  in  1832;  member  of  the  executive  council 
during  the  Dorr  rebellion  in  1842;  member  of  the 
Twenty-ninth  Congress  (March  4,  1845-March  3, 
1847);  died  in  Kingston,  R.  I.,  June  27,  1852. 

Arnold,  Marshall,  a  Representative  from  Mis- 
souri; born  in  St.  F'rancois  county,  Mo.,  October 
21, 1845;  attended  the  common  schools;  professor 
in  Arcadia  college  1870-1871;  deputy  clerk  of  the 
circuit,  county,  and  probate  courts  in  St.  Francois 
county,  Mo.;  prosecuting  attorney  of  Scott  county, 
Mo.;  served  two  terms  in  the  legislature;  presiden- 
tial elector  on  the  Hancock  ticket;  elected  as  a 
Democrat  to  the  Fifty-second  and  Fifty-third  Con- 
gresses (March  4, 1891-March  3, 1895);  resumed  the 
practice  of  law  in  Benton,  Mo. 

Arnold,  Peleg,  a  Delegate  from  Rhode  Island; 
born  in  Smithfield,  R.  I.,  in  1752;  studied  law,  and 
was  admitted  to  the  bar;  served  for  several  terms  in 
the  general  assembly  of  the  state;  Delegate  in  the 
Continental  Congress  in  1787;  chief  justice  of  the 
supreme  court  of  Rhode  Island  1795-1812;  died  in 
Smithfield,  R.  I.,  February  13,  1820. 

Arnold.  Samuel,  a  Representative  from  Con- 
necticut; born  in  Haddam,  Conn.,  June  1,  1806; 
was  graduated  from  college;  acquired  a  controlling 
interest  in  a  stone  quarry  and  devoted  his  energies 
successfully  to  its  operation;  member  of  the  state 
house  of  representatives  in  1839,  1842,  1844,  and 
1851;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Thirty-fifth  Con- 


gress (March  4,  1857-March  3,  1859);  died  in  Had- 
dam, Conn.,  May  5,  1869. 

Arnold,  Samuel  Greene,  a  Senator  from  Rhode 
Island;  born  in  Providence,  R.  I.,  April  12,  1821; 
was  graduated  from  Brown  university  in  1841; 
attended  the  Cambridge  law  school;  was  graduated 
from  Harvard  university  in  1845;  admitted  to  the 
bar;  elected  lieutenant  governor  of  Rhode  Island 
in  1852;  member  of  the  peace  commission  in  1861; 
again  elected  lieutenant  governorin  1861,  and  1862; 
served  in  the  Union  army  as  captain  of  light  artil- 
lery; elected  to  the  United  States  Senate,  to  fill 
vacancy  caused  by  the  resignation  of  James  F. 
Simmons,  and  served  from  December  1,  1862,  to 
March  3,  1863;  devoted  much  time  to  historical  re- 
search; died  in  Providence,  R.  I.,  February  13, 
1880. 

Arnold,  Thomas  Dickens,  a  Representative 
from  Tennessee;  born  in  Spottsylvania  county,  Va., 
May  3,  1798;  moved  with  his  parents  to  Knox 
county,  Tenn.,  in  1808;  received  a  limited  school- 
ing; enlisted  at  the  age  of  fourteen  in  the  War  of 
1812;  taught  school  in  Knox  and  Grainger  counties; 
studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1822,  and 
practiced;  elected  to  the  Twenty-second  Congress 
(March  4,  1831-March  3,  1833);  an  attempt  to  as- 
sassinate him  was  made  by  Morgan  A.  Heard,  in 
April,  1833,  as  he  descended  the  west  steps  of  the 
Capitol;  was  made  brigadier  general  of  the  Tennes- 
see militia  in  1836;  moved  to  Greeneville,  Tenn.; 
again  elected  to  the  Twenty-seventh  Congress 
(March  4,  1841-March  3,  1843);  resumed  the  prac- 
tice of  law;  died  while  attending  court  in  Jones- 
boro,  Tenn.,  May  26,  1870. 

Arnold,  Warren  Otis,  a  Representative  from 
Rhode  Island;  born  in  Coventry,  Kent  county, 
R.  I.,  June  3,  1839;  attended  the  public  schools; 
engaged  in  the  manufacture  of  cotton  and  woolen 
goods;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Fiftieth  and 
Fifty-first  Congresses  (March  4,  1887-March  3, 
1891);  defeated  for  the  Fifty -second  Congress;  re- 
elected  to  the  Fifty-fourth  Congress  (March  4, 1895- 
March  3,  1897);  died  in  Westerly,  R.  I.,  April  1, 
1910. 

Arnold,  William  Carlile,  a  Representative  from 
Pennsylvania;  born  in  Luthersburg,  Clearfield 
county,  Pa.,  July  18,  1851;  attended  the  public 
schools,  and  Phil  lips- Andover  academy,  Mass.; 
admitted  to  the  bar  in  1875,  and  practiced  for 
several  years;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Fifty- 
fourth  and  Fifty-fifth  Congresses  (March  4,  1895- 
March  3, 1899);  died  in  Muskegon,  Mich.,  March  19, 
1906. 

Arnot,  John,  jr.,  a  Representative  from  New 
York;  born  in  Elmira,  N.  Y.,  March  11,  1831;  at- 
tended a  private  school;  engaged  in  banking  in 
Elmira;  elected  president  of  the  village  1859,  1860, 
and  .1861,  and  mayor  in  1864,  1870,  and  1874; 
elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Forty-eighth  and 
Forty-ninth  Congresses,  and  served  from  March  4, 
1883,  until  his  death  in  Elmira,  N.  Y.,  November 
20, 1886. 

Arrington,  Archibald  Hunter,  a  Representa- 
tive from  North  Carolina;  born  in  Hilhardston, 
Nash  county,  N.  C.,  November  13,  1809;  completed 
preparatory  studies,  and  was  graduated  from  Louis- 
burg  college;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar, 
and  practiced  in  Hilliardston,  N.  C.;  elected  to 
the  Twenty-seventh  and  Twenty-eighth  Con- 
gresses (March  4,  1841-March  3,  1845);  was  a  sup- 
porter of  the  Confederacy,  and  elected  to  the  first 


446 


CONGRESSIONAL   DIRECTORY. 


Confederate  congress;  elected  judge  of  the  county 
court  of  Nash  county;  member  of  the  secession 
convention  in  1861;  died  in  Hilliardston,  N.  C., 
July  20,  1872. 

Arthur,  William  Evans,  a  Representative 
from  Kentucky;  born  in  Cincinnati,  Ohio,  March  3, 
1825;  moved  with  his  parents  to  Covington,  Ky., 
where  he  attended  the  common  schools ;  studied  law, 
was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1850,  and  practiced  in 
Covington;  commonwealth  attorney  for  the  ninth 
judicial  district  of  Kentucky  1856-1862;  judge  of 
the  ninth  judicial  circuit  1866-1867;  elected  as 
a  Democrat  to  the  Forty-second  and  Forty-third 
Congresses  (March  4, 1871-March  3, 1875);  resumed 
the  practice  of  law  in  Covington,  Ky.;  was  elected 
circuit  judge,  twelfth  Kentucky  circuit,  and 
served  six  years;  died  in  Covington,  Ky.,  May  18, 
1897. 

Ash,  Michael  Woolston,  a  Representative  from 
Pennsylvania;  born  in  Philadelphia,  Pa.,  in  De- 
cember, 1788;  served  as  first  lieutenant  and  adju- 
tant of  the  first  Pennsylvania  militia  during  the 
war  of  1812;  elected  to  the  Twenty-fourth  Con- 
gress (March  4,  1835-March  3,  1837);  died  in 
Philadelphia,  Pa.,  December  9,  1858. 

Ashbrook,  William  Albert,  a  Representative 
from  Ohio;  born  in  Johnstown,  Licking  county, 
Ohio,  July  1, 1867 ;  attended  the  public  schools,  and 
a  business  college ;  published  the  Johnstown  Inde- 
pendent before  he  was  eighteen;  became  interested 
in  banking;  for  three  years  secretary  of  the  National 
editorial  association;  postmaster  of  Johnstown  dur- 
ing President  Cleveland's  first  administration; 
elected  to  the  lower  house  of  the  state  legislature 
in  1905;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Sixtieth  and 
Sixty-first  Congresses  (March  4, 1907-March  3,1911). 
Reelected  to  the  Sixty-second  Congress. 

Ashe.  John  Baptista,  a  Representative  from 
Tennessee;  born  in  Rocky  Point,  N.  C. ;  was  gradu- 
ated from  Trinity  college,  Conn.;  studied  law, 
and  was  admitted  to  the  bar;  moved  to  Tennessee, 
and  began  practice;  elected  to  the  Twenty-eighth 
Congress  (March  4,  1843-March  3,  1845);  moved  to 
Harris  county,  Tex.,  where  he  died  in  January,  1858. 

Ashe,  John  Baptista,  a  Delegate  and  a  Repre- 
sentative from  North  Carolina;  born  in  Rocky 
Point,  N.  C.,  in  1748;  served  through  the  Revolu- 
tionary war,  and  attained  the  rank  of  colonel ;  mem- 
ber of  the  house  of  commons  of  North  Carolina  in 
1786,  and  of  the  state  senate  in  1789  and  1795 ;  elected 
to  the  Continental  Congress  1787-1788;  was  chair- 
man of  the  committee  of  the  whole  in  the  state  con- 
vention of  1789,  that  ratified  the  constitution  of  the 
United  States;  elected  to  the  First  and  Second  Con- 
gresses (March  4,  1789-March  3,  1793);  elected 
governor  of  North  Carolina  in  1802,  but  died  before 
his  inauguration,  in  Halifax,  N.  C.,  November  27, 
1802. 

Ashe,  Thomas  Samuel,  a  Representative  from 
North  Carolina;  born  in  Orange  county,  N.  C.,  July 
21,  1812;  was  graduated  from  the  University  of 
North  Carolina  in  1832;  studied  law,  and  was  ad- 
mitted to  the  bar;  member  of  the  house  of  commons 
of  the  state  legislature  from  Anson  county  in  1842; 
solicitor  of  the  fifth  judicial  district  of  North  Caro- 
lina 1847-1851;  elected  to  the  state  senate  in  1854; 
served  in  the  house  of  the  Confederate  congress 
1861-1 864;  elected  to  the  Confederate  senate  in 
1864;  elected  as  a  Conservative  to  the  Forty-third 
and  Forty-fourth  Congresses  (March  4, 1873-March  3, 
1877;  elected  associate  justice  of  the  state  supreme 


court  in  1878;  reelected  in  1880  and  1886,  and  served 
until hisdeath  in  Wadesboro,  N  .C.,  February 4, 1887 . 

Ashe,  William  Shepperd,  a  Representative 
from  North  Carolina;  born  in  Rocky  Point,  N.  C., 
August  12, 1813;  pursued  classical  studies  in  Trinity 
college,  Conn.;  studied  law,  and  was  admitted  to 
the  bar;  served  in  the  state  legislature  of  North 
Carolina  in  1846  and  1848;  elected  as  a  Democrat 
to  the  Thirty-first,  Thirty -second,  and  Thirty-third 
Congresses  (March  4, 1849-March  3, 1855);  president 
Wilmington  &  Weldon  railroad  company  1854-1862; 
member  of  the  state  senate  1859-1861;  member  of 
the  state  constitutional  convention  of  1861;  was  a 
major  in  the  Confederate  army;  killed  in  a  railroad 
accident  near  Wilmington,  N.  C.,  September  14, 
1862. 

Ashley,  Chester,  a  Senator  from  Arkansas;  born 
in  Amherst,  Mass.,  June  1,  1790;  moved  with  his 
parents  to  Hudson,  N.  Y.;  attended  the  common 
schools,  and  was  graduated  from  Williams  college, 
Mass.,  and  the  Litchfield  law  school,  Litchfield, 
Conn.;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1817;  moved  to 
Edwardsville,  111.,  in  1818;  to  St.  Louis,  Mo.,  in 
1819,  and  to  Little  Rock,  Ark.,  in  1820;  established 
himself  in  the  practice  of  law;  elected  as  a  Demo- 
crat to  the  United  States  Senate  in  1844,  to  fill  va- 
cancy caused  by  the  death  of  William  S.  Fulton; 
reelected,  and  served  from  November  8,  1844,  until 
his  death  in  Washington,  D.  C.,  April  29,  1848. 

Ashley,  Delos  B,.,  a  Representative  from 
Nevada;  born  in  Arkansas  February  .19,  1828; 
studied  law,  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar;  moved 
to  California  in  1849;  member  of  the  assembly  of 
California  in  1854  and  1855;  served  in  the  state 
senate  in  1856  and  1857;  state  treasurer  of  California 
1862-1863;  moved  to  Nevada  in  1864;  elected  as  a 
Republican  to  the  Thirty-ninth  and  Fortieth  Con- 
gresses (March  4,  1865-March  3,  1869);  died  July 
18,  1873. 

Ashley,  Henry,  a  Representative  from  New 
York;  born  in  Winchester,  Che«hire  county,  N.  H., 
February  19,  1778;  attended  tae  common  schools; 
a  manufacturer  of  leather  in  Catskill,  N.  Y.; 
elected  to  the  Nineteenth  Congress  (March  4,  1825- 
March  3,  1827);  died  in  Catskill,  N.  Y.,  February 
14,  1829. 

Ashley,  James  Mitchell,  a  Representative  from 
Ohio;  born  near  Pittsburgh,  Pa.,  November  14, 
1824;  self-instructed  in  elementary  branches  while 
a  clerk  on  boats  on  the  Ohio  and  Mississippi  rivers; 
editor  of  the  Dispatch,  and  afterwards  the  Democrat, 
in  Portsmouth,  Ohio;  studied  law,  and  was  admit- 
ted to  the  bar  in  1849,  but  never  practiced;  moved 
to  Toledo,  Ohio,  and  engaged  in  the  wholesale 
drug  business;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the 
Thirty-sixth,  Thirty-seventh,  Thirty-eighth,  Thir- 
ty-ninth, and  Fortieth  Congresses  (March  4,  1859- 
March  3,  1869);  defeated  as  the  Republican  candi- 
date for  the  Forty -first  Congress;  built  the  Toledo, 
Ann  Arbor  &  Northern  railroad,  and  was  its  presi- 
dent from  1877  to  1893;  delegate  in  the  Philadel- 
phia Loyalists'  convention  in  1866;  governor  of 
the  Territory  of  Montana  1869-1870;  lieutenant 
governor  of  Ohio;  died  in  Alma,  Mich.,  September 
16,  1896;  interment  in  Toledo,  Ohio. 

Ashley,  William  Henry,  a  Representative  from 
Missouri;  born  in  Powhatan  county,  Va.,  in  1778; 
attended  the  common  schools,  and  moved  to  Mis- 
souri (then  upper  Louisiana)  in  1808;  brigadier  gen- 
eral of  militia:  traded  with  the  Indians  and  dealt 
in  furs;  in  1820  was  lieutenant  governor  of  Missouri ; 


BIOGKAPHIES. 


447 


elected  as  a  Whig  to  the  Twenty-second,  Twenty- 
third,  and  Twenty-fourth  Congresses  (March  4, 
1831-March  3,  1837);  died  near  Boonville,  Mo., 
March  26,  1838. 

Ashmore,  John  Durant,  a  Representative 
from  South  Carolina;  born  in  Greenville  district, 
S.  C.,  August  7, 1819;  attended  the  common  schools; 
studied  law,  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  but  never 
practiced ;  member  of  the  state  house  of  represent- 
atives in  1848,  1850,  and  1852;  controller  general 
of  the  state  1853-1857 ;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the 
Thirty-sixth  Congress,  and  took  his  seat  December 
5,  1860,  but  withdrew  when  his  state  seceded, 
December  21,  1860;  served  in  the  Confederate 
army;  died  in  Sardis,  Miss.,  December  6,  1871. 

Ashmun,  Eli  Porter,  a  Senator  from  Massachu- 
setts; born  in  Blandford,  Mass.,  June  24,  1770;  at- 
tended the  village  school,  and  was  graduated  from 
Middleburg  college  in  1807;  studied  law,  was  ad- 
mitted to  the  bar,  and  practiced  in  Blandford; 
moved  with  his  mother  to  Northampton,  Mass.,  in 
1807 ;  member  of  the  state  house  of  representatives 
for  several  terms,  and  also  served  in  the  state 
senate;  elected  to  the  United  States  Senate,  to  fill 
vacancy  caused  by  the  resignation  of  Cristopher 
Gore,  and  served  from  June  12,  1816,  to  May  10, 
1818,  when  he  resigned;  died  in  Northampton, 
Mass.,  May  10,  1819. 

Ashmun,  George,  a  Representative  from  Mas- 
sachusetts; born  in  Blandford,  Mass.,  December  25, 
1804;  was  graduated  from  Yale  college  in  1823; 
studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  began 
practice  in  Springfield  in  1828;  member  of  the  state 
house  of  representatives  in  1833,  1835,  1836,  1838, 
and  1841,  and  served  the  last  year  as  speaker;  served 
in  the  state  senate  1838-1839;  elected  as  a  Whig  to 
the  Twenty -ninth,  Thirtieth,  and  Thirty-first 
Congresses  (March  4,  1845-March  3,  1851);  chair- 
man of  the  Republican  convention  in  Chicago  that 
nominated  Abraham  Lincoln  for  the  Presidency  in 
1860;  director  in  the  Union  Pacific  railroad;  dele- 
gate in  the  National  Union  convention  in  Phila- 
delphia in  1866;  died  in  Springfield,  Mass.,  July 
16,  1870. 

Asper,  Joel  Funk,  a  Representative  from  Mis- 
souri; born  in  Adams  county,  Pa.,  April  20,  1822; 
in  1827  moved  with  his  parents  to  Ohio,  where  he 
attended  public  schools;  sjtudied  law,  and  was  ad- 
mitted to  the  bar  in  1844;  elected  a  justice  of  the 
peace  in  1846,  and  elected  prosecuting  attorney  of 
his  county  in  1847;  editor  of  the  Western  Reserve 
Chronicle  in  1849,  and  of  the  Chardon  Democrat  in 
1850;  raised  a  company  for  the  Civil  war  in  1861, 
and  was  its  captain;  was  wounded  in  the  battle  of 
Winchester;  promoted  to  the  rank  of  lieutenant 
colonel  in  1862,  and  mustered  out  of  the  service 
in  1863;  moved  to  Chillicothe,  Mo.,  in  1864,  where 
he  resumed  the  practice  of  law;  founded  the 
Spectator  in  1866;  elected  as  a  Radical  Republican 
to  the  Forty-first  Congress  (March  4,  1869-March  3, 
1871);  died  in  Chillicothe,  Mo.,  October  1,  1872. 

Atchison,  David  B.,  a  Senator  from  Missouri; 
born  in  Frogtown,  Ky.,  August  11,  1807;  studied 
law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  began  practice  in 
Liberty  county,  Mo.,  in  1830;  member  of  the  Mis- 
souri legislature  in  1834,  and  1838;  appointed  judge 
of  the  Platte  county  circuit  court  in  1841 ;  appointed, 
and  subsequently  elected  to  the  United  States 
Senate,  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  the  death  of 
Lewis  F.  Linn;  reelected  in  1849,  and  served 
from  October  14,  1843,  to  March  3,  1855;  elected 


President  of  the  Senate  pro  tempore  August  8, 
1846;  January  11,  and  March  3,  1847;  February  2, 
June  1,  June  26,  July  29,  and  December  26,  1848; 
March  1,  2,  5,  and  16, 1849;  May  2  and  6,  and  July 
10,  1850;  December  20,  1852;  March  4,  1853,  and 
served  throughout  the  session;  this  office  made  him 
President  of  the  United  States  during  Sunday, 
March  4,  1849,  as  Gen.  Taylor  was  not  sworn  into 
office  until  the. following  day;  died  in  Clinton 
county,  Mo.,  January  26,  1886. 

Atherton,  Charles  Gordon,  a  Representative 
and  a  Senator  from  New  Hampshire;  born  in  Am- 
herst,  N.  H.,  July  4, 1804;  was  graduated  from  Har- 
vard college  in  1822;  studied  law  in  the  office  of  his 
father,  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1825,  and  be- 
gan practice  in  Dunstable  (now  Nashua),  N.  H.; 
served  a  number  of  years  in  the  state  house  of  rep- 
resentatives, and  three  years  as  speaker;  elected  as  a 
Democrat  to  the  Twenty-fifth,  Twenty-sixth,  and 
Twenty -seventh  Congresses  (March  4,  1837-March 

3,  1843);  elected  to  the  United  States  Senate  in 
1843,  and  served  from  March  4,  1843,  to  March  3, 
1849;  again  elected  to  the  United  States  Senate 
in  1852,  for  the  term  beginning  March  4,  1853,  but 
suffered  a  stroke  of  paralysis  while  attending  court, 
and  died  in  Manchester,  N.  H.,  November  15, 1853. 

Atherton,  Charles  Humphry,  a  Representa- 
tive from  New  Hampshire;  born  in  Amherst,  N.  H., 
August  14,  1773;  was  graduated  from  Harvard  col- 
lege in  1794;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar, 
and  began  practice  in  Amherst  in  1797;  register  of 
probate  1798-1807;  elected  as  a  Federalist  to  the 
Fourteenth  Congress  (March  4,  1815-March  3, 
1817);  declined  a  reelection;  member  of  the  state 
house  of  representatives  1823-1839;  died  in  Am- 
herst, N.  H.,  January  8,  1853. 

Atherton,  Gibson,  a  Representative  from  Ohio; 
born  in  Licking  county,  Ohio,  January  19,  1831; 
was  graduated  from  Miami  university  in  1853; 
studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1855,  and 
practiced  in  Newaifk,  Ohio;  elected  prosecuting 
attorney  of  Licking  county  in  1857,  and  reelected 
in  1859,  and  1861;  mayor  of  Newark  1860-1864; 
delegate  in  the  Democratic  national  convention  in 
St.  Louis,  Mo.,  in  1876;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the 
Forty-sixth  and  Forty-seventh  Congresses  (March 

4,  1879-March  3,  1883);  died  in  Newark,  Ohio, 
November  10,  1887. 

Atkins,  John  De  Witt  Clinton,  a  Representa- 
tive from  Tennessee ;  born  in  Henry  county,  Tenn., 
June  4,  1825;  was  graduated  from  the  East  Tennes- 
see university  in  1846;  studied  law,  and  was  ad- 
mitted to  the  bar;  member  of  the  Tennessee  house 
of  representatives  1849-1851;  elected  to  the  state 
senate  in  1855;  chosen  a  presidential  elector  in 
1856;  elected  to  the  Thirty-fifth  Congress  (March  4, 
1857-March  3, 1859);  served  as  lieutenant  colonel  of 
the  fifth  Tennessee  regiment  in  the  Confederate 
army  in  1861;  elected  to  the  Confederate  provi- 
sional congress  in  August,  1861,  November,  1861, 
and  in  November,  1863;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to 
the  Forty-third,  Forty-fourth,  Forty-fifth,  Forty- 
sixth,  and  Forty-seventh  Congresses  (March  4, 1873- 
March  3,  1883);  in  1885  was  appointed  Commis- 
sioner of  Indian  Affairs  by  President  Cleveland, 
and  served  until  1888,  when  he  resigned;  was  a 
presidential  elector  in  1884;  died  in  Paris,  Tenn., 
June  20,  1908. 

Atkinson,  Archibald,  a  Representative  from 
Virginia;  born  in  Isle  of  W7ight  county,  Va.,  Sep- 
tember 13,  1792;  studied  in  the  law  school  of 
William  and  Mary  college;  served  through  the 


448 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 


War  of  1812;  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  began  prac- 
tice in  Smithfield ;  member  for  several  terms  of  the 
state  senate,  and  house  of  delegates;  elected  as  a 
Democrat  to  the  Twenty-eighth,  Twenty-ninth, 
and  Thirtieth  Congresses  (March  4, 1843-March  3, 
1849) ;  prosecuting  attorney  for  Isle  of  Wight  county ; 
died  in  Smithfield,  Va.,  January  16,  1872. 

Atkinson,  George  Wesley,  a.  Representative 
from  West  Virginia;  born  in  Charl'eston,  Kanawha 
county,  Va.,  June  29,  1845;  attended  the  public 
schools,  and  was  graduated  from  the  Ohio  Wesleyan 
university  in  1870;  studied  law,  and  was  admitted 
to  the  bar  in  1875;  moved  to  Wheeling,  W.  Va.,  in 
1877;  served  four  years  as  United  States  marshal  for 
the  district  of  West  Virginia;  postmaster  of  Charles- 
ton, W.  Va.,  six  years;  served  four  years  as  revenue 
agent  of  the  Treasury  Department;  elected  as  a 
Republican  to  the  Fifty-first  Congress  (March  4, 
1889-March  3,  1891);  served  as  governor  of  West 
Virginia  1897-1901 ;  United  States  district  attorney 
1901-1905;  appointed  judge  of  the  Court  of  Claims 
in  Washington,  D.  C.,  April  15,  1905. 

Atkinson,  Louis  Evans,  a  Representative  from 
Pennsylvania;  born  in  Delaware  township,  Juniata 
county,  Pa.,  April  16,  1841;  attended  the  common 
schools,  Airy  View,  and  Milnwood  academies; 
studied  medicine,  and  was  graduated  from  the 
medical  department  of  the  University  of  the  City 
of  New  York,  March  4,  1861;  entered  the  medical 
department,  United  States  army,  September  5, 
1861 ;  served  as  assistant  surgeon  in  the  first  Penn- 
sylvania reserve  cavalry,  and  surgeon  of  the  one 
hundred  and  eighty-eighth  Pennsylvania  infantry, 
and  was  mustered  out  in  December,  1865;  disabled 
while  in  the  army,  and  being  unable  to  practice 
medicine  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in 
September,  1870,  and  practiced;  elected  as  a  Re- 
publican to  the  Forty-eighth,  Forty -ninth,  Fif- 
tieth, Fifty-first,  and  Fifty-second  Congresses 
(March  4,  1883-March  3,  1893);  resumed  the  prac- 
tice of  law  in  Mifflintown,  Pa. ;  appointed  president 
judge  of  the  forty-first  Pennsylvania  district,  and 
served  one  year;  died  in  Mifflintown,  Pa.,  Feb- 
ruary 5,  1910. 

Atlee,  Samuel  John,  a  Delegate  from  Pennsyl- 
vania; born  in  Trenton,  N.  J.,  in  1739;  served  in  the 
French  and  Revolutionary  wars;  made  a  prisoner 
by  the  British  on  Long  Island ;  appointed  colonel  of 
Pennsylvania  musketry  battalion  in  1776 ;  captured 
by  the  British  and  held  prisoner  for  more  than  two 
years;  Delegate  in  the  Continental  Congress  1778- 
1782;  elected  supreme  executive  councillor  for 
Lancaster  county  in  1783;  served  in  the  general 
assembly  in  1782,  1785-1786;  died  in  Philadelphia, 
Pa.,  November  25,  1786. 

Atwater,  John  William,  a  Representative 
from  North  Carolina;  born  in  Chatham  county, 
N.  C.,  December  27,  1840;  received  a  common 
school  and  academic  training;  enlisted  in  the  Con- 
federate army,  and  served  in  company  D,  first 
North  Carolina  volunteers,  and  was  with  the  army 
of  Gen.  Robert  E.  Lee  until  the  surrender  at  Appo- 
mattox;  elected  to  the  state  senate  in  1890  as  an 
Alliance-Democrat,  and  again  in  1892  and  1896  as 
a  Populist;  elected  as  a  Populist  to  the  Fifty-sixth 
Congress  (March  4,  1899-March  3,  1901);  died  near 
Apex,  Wake  county,  N.  C.,  July  4,  1910. 

Atwood,  David,  a  Representative  from  Wis- 
consin; born  in  Bedford,  N.  H.,  December  15, 1815; 
attended  the  public  schools;  moved  to  Wisconsin, 
and  for  twenty-three  years  was  editor  and  pub- 


lisher of  the  State  Journal,  Madison,  Wis.;  member 
of  the  state  legislature  in  1861;  United  States 
assessor  for  four  years;  mayor  of  Madison  in  1868; 
elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Forty-first  Congress, 
to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  the  death  of  Benjamin 
F.  Hopkins,  and  served  from  February  23,  1870, 
until  March  3,  1871;  died  in  Madison,  Wis.,  De- 
cember 11,  1889. 

Atwood,  Harrison  Henry,  a  Representative 
from  Massachusetts;  born  in  North  Londonderry, 
Vt.,  August  26,  1863;  attended  the  public  schools, 
and  was  graduated  in  1877;  studied  architecture; 
elected  to  the  Massachusetts  house  of  representa- 
tives in  1887,  1888,  and  1889;  appointed  city 
architect  of  Boston  during  the  terms  1889  and  1890; 
member  of  the  state  Republican  committee  1887- 
1888,  and  for  many  years  a  member  of  the  Boston 
Republican  city  committee;  elected  as  a  delegate 
to  the  Republican  national  conventions  in  1888 
and  1892;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Fifty- 
fourth  Congress  (March  4,  1895-March  3,  1897); 
a  resident  architect  in  Dorchester,  Mass. 

Austin,  Archibald,  a  Representative  from  Vir- 
ginia; born  in  Buckingham  county,  Va.,  August  11, 
1772;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and 
practiced  in  his  native  county  for  over  forty 
years;  member  of  the  house  of  delegates  1815-1816; 
elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Fifteenth  Congress 
(March  4,  1817-March  3,  1819);  again  a  member  of 
the  house  of  delegates  1835-1836,  and  1836-1837; 
died  in  Buckingham  county,  Va.,  October  16,  1837. 

Austin,  Richard  Wilson,  a  Representative 
from  Tennessee;  born  in  Decatur,  Ala.,  August  26, 
1857;  attended  the  London  high  school,  and  the 
University  of  Tennessee;  studied  law,  and  was 
admitted  to  the  bar;  assistant  doorkeeper  of  the 
national  House  of  Representatives  in  the  Forty- 
seventh  Congress;  United  States  marshal  for  the 
eastern  district  of  Tennessee  1897-1906;  United 
States  consul  in  Glasgow,  Scotland,  from  July, 
1906,  to  November,  1907,  when  he  resigned ;  elected 
as  a  Republican  to  the  Sixty-first  Congress  (March 
4,  1909-March  3,1911).  Reelected  to  the  Sixty-second 
Congress. 

Ayerett,  Thomas  H.,  a  Representative  from 
Virginia;  native  of  that  state;  elected  as  a  Demo- 
crat to  the  Thirty-first  and  Thirty-second  Con- 
gresses (March  4,  1849-March  3,  1853). 

Averill,  John  Thomas,  a  Representative  from 
Minnesota;  born  in  Alna,  Me.,  March  1,  1825;  was 
graduated  from  the  Maine  Wesleyan  university; 
moved  to  St.  Paul,  Minn.,  and  engaged  in  manu- 
facturing; member  of  the  state  senate  1858-1859; 
served  in  the  Union  army;  lieutenant  colonel  of  the 
sixth  regiment  Minnesota  volunteer  infantry 
August  22, 1862;  colonel  November  22, 1864;  brevet 
brigadier  general  of  volunteers  October  18,  1865, 
' '  for  meritorious  service  in  the  recruitment  of  the 
Army  of  the  United  States ;  honorably  mustered 
out  September  28,  1865;  elected  as  a  Republican 
to  the  Forty-second  and  Forty-third  Congresses 
(March  4,  1871-March  3,  1875);  died  in  St.  Paul, 
Minn.,  October  3,  1889. 

Avery,  Daniel,  a  Representative  from  New 
York;  native  of  Cayuga  county,  N.  Y.;  attended 
the  common  schools;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the 
Twelfth  and  Thirteenth  Congresses  (March  4,  1811- 
March  3,  1815);  reelected  to  the  Fourteenth  Con- 
gress, to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  the  resignation  of 
Enos  T.  Throop,  and  served  from  December  3, 
1816,  to  March  3,  1817;  died  in  Aurora,  N.  Y. 


BIOGRAPHIES. 


449 


Avery,  John,  a  Representative  from  Michigan; 
bom  in  Watertown,  N.  Y.,  February  29,  1824; 
moved  to  Michigan  in  1836;  attended  the  common 
schools,  and  Grass  Lake  academy;  studied  medi- 
cine, and  was  graduated  from  Cleveland  medical 
college  in  1850;  assistant  surgeon,  and  surgeon  of 
the  twenty -first  Michigan  infantry;  served  in  the 
Army  of  the  Cumberland  in  Kentucky  and  Ten- 
nessee, and  was  with  Sherman  on  his  march  to  the 
sea;  member  of  the  Michigan  legislature  from  Mont- 
calm  county  1869-1870;  appointed  member  of  the 
state  board  of  health  in  1880,  and  reapppinted  in 
1886;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Fifty-third 
and  Fifty-fourth  Congresses  (March  4,  1893-March 

3,  1897);  resumed  the  practice  of  his  profession; 
retired,  and  is  a  resident  of  Greenville,  Mich. 

Avery,  William  T.,  a  Representative  from  Ten- 
nessee; born  in  Maury  county,  Tenn.,  November 
11, 1819;  studied  law,  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar; 
member  of  the  state  legislature  in  1843;  elected  as  a 
Democrat  to  the  Thirty-fifth  and  Thirty-sixth 
Congresses'(March  4,  1857-March  3,  1861). 

Axtell,  Samuel  Beach,  a  Representative  from 
California;  born  in  Franklin  county,  Ohio,  Octo- 
ber 4,  1809;  was  graduated  from  the  Western 
Reserve  college,  Ohio;  studied  law,  and  was  ad- 
mitted to  the  bar;  moved  to  California  in  1848; 
elected  district  attorney  of  Amador  county;  moved 
to  San  Francisco  in  1860,  and  practiced  law;  elected 
as  a  Democrat  to  the  Fortieth  and  Forty-first  Con- 
gresses (March  4,  1875-March  3,  1879);  appointed 
by  President  Grant  governor  of  Utah  in  1874,  and 
the  next  year  was  transferred  to  the  Territory  of 
New  Mexico,  and  became  governor  in  1875;  chief 
justice  of  the  supreme  court  of  the  Territory  of 
New  Mexico  from  August,  1882,  until  his  resig- 
nation in  May,  1885;  died  in  Morristown,  N.  J., 
August  6,  1891. 

Aycrigg,  John  Bancker,  a  Representative 
from  New  Jersey;  born  in  New  York,  July  9,  1798; 
was  graduated  from  Columbia  university,  and  ad- 
mitted to  practice  medicine  and  commenced  prac- 
tice in  New  York ;  moved  to  New  Jersey,  and  located 
at  Paratmis;  elected  as  a  Whig  to  the  Twenty-fifth 
Congress  (March  4,  1837-March  3,  1839);  presented 
credentials  as  a  Member-elect  to  the  Twenty-sixth 
Congress,  but  the  House  refused  him  a  seat;  re- 
elected  to  the  Twenty-seventh  Congress  (March 

4,  1841-March  3,  1843);  moved  to  Passaic,  N.  J., 
and  died  there  November  8,  1856. 

Ayer,  Richard  Small,  a  Representative  from 
Virginia;  born  in  Montville,  Waldo  county,  Me., 
October  9,  1829;  attended  the  common  schools; 
enlisted  in  the  Union  army  as  a  private  in  the 
fourth  Maine  volunteers  in  1861,  and  was  mustered 
out  as  a  captain;  settled  in  Virginia  in  1865; 
elected  a  delegate  to  the  Virginia  constitutional 
convention  in  1867 ;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the 
Forty-first  Congress,  and  took  his  seat  January  31, 
1870,  and  served  until  March  3,  1871;  died  in 
Liberty,  Me.,  December  14,  1896;  interment  in 
Montville,  Me. 

Babbitt,  Clinton,  a  Representative  from  Wis- 
consin; born  in  Westmoreland,  N.  H.,  November  16, 
1831 ;  attended  the  common  schools,  and  was  gradu- 
ated from  Keene  academy,  New  Hampshire ;  moved 
to  Wisconsin  in  1853;  elected  alderman,  and  one  of 
the  members  of  the  first  city  council  of  Beloit; 
appointed  postmaster  of  Beloit  by  President  Cleve- 
land in  August,  1886;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the 
Fifty-second  Congress  (March  4,  1891-March  3, 
1893). 

50346°— S.  Doc.  654,  61-2 29 


Babbitt,  Elijah,  a  Representative  from  Penn- 
sylvania; born  in  Providence,  R.  I.,  in  1796; 
studied  law,  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  Erie, 
Pa.,  in  1824;  prosecuting  attorney  for  his  county 
in  1833;  member  of  the  state  legislature  1836- 
1837,  and  of  the  state  senate  1844-1845;  elected 
as  a  Unionist  to  the  Thirty-sixth  Congress,  and 
reelected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Thirty-seventh 
Congress,  and  served  from  March  4,  1859,  to  March 
3,  1863;  died  January  1,  1887. 

Babcock,  Alfred,  a  Representative  from  New 
York;  native  of  that  state;  elected  as  a  Whig  to  the 
Twenty-seventh  Congress  (March  4,  1841-March  3, 
1843). 

Babcock,  Joseph  Weeks,  a  Representative 
from  Wisconsin;  born  in  Swanton,  Vt.,  March  6, 
1850;  moved  with  his  parents  to  Iowa  in  1855, 
where  he  resided  until  1881;  attended  the  common 
schools  of  Mt.  Vernon  and  Cedar  Falls;  moved  to 
Necedah,  Wis.,  and  engaged  in  the  lumber  busi- 
ness; elected  to  the  Wisconsin  assembly  in  1888 
and  1890;  chairman  Republican  national  congres- 
sional committee  1894-1902;  elected  as  a  Republi- 
can to  the  Fifty-third,  Fifty-fourth,  Fifty-fifth, 
Fifty-sixth,  Fifty-seventh,  Fifty-eighth,  and  Fifty- 
ninth  Congresses  (March  4,  1893-March  3,  1907); 
died  in  Washington,  D.  C.,  April  27,  1909. 

Babcock,  Leander,  a  Representative  from  New 
York;  native  of  that  state;  elected  as  a  Democrat 
to  the  Thirty-second  Congress  (March  4,  1851- 
March  3,  1853). 

Babcock,  William,  a  Representative  from  New 
York;  born  in  that  state;  elected  to  the  Twenty- 
second  Congress  (March  4,  1831-March  3,  1833). 

Bachman,  Reuben  K.,  a  Representative  from 
Pennsylvania;  born  in  Williams,  Northampton 
county,  Pa.,  August  6,  1834;  attended  the  common 
schools;  engaged  in  mercantile  and  milling  business 
in  Durham;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Forty- 
sixth  Congress  (March  4,  1879-March  3,  1881);  died 
in  Easton,  Pa.,  September  19,1911. 

Bacon,  Augustus  Octavius,  a  Senator  from 
Georgia;  born  in  Bryan  county,  Ga.,  October  20, 
1839 ;  attended  grammar  and  high  schools  in  Liberty 
and  Troup  counties;  was  graduated  from  the  liter- 
ary department  of  the  University  of  Georgia  in 
1859,  and  from  the  law  department  in  1860;  entered 
the  Confederate  army  at  the  beginning  of  the  Civil 
war,  and  served  during  the  campaigns  of  1861-1862 
as  adjutant  of  the  ninth  Georgia  regiment  in  the 
army  of  Northern  Virginia;  subsequently  commis- 
sioned captain  in  the  provisional  army  of  the  Con- 
federacy, and  assigned  to  general  staff  duty;  at  the 
close  of  the  war  resumed  the  study  of  law,  was  ad- 
mitted to  the  bar,  and  began  practice  in  1866  in 
Macon;  was  repeatedly  chosen  a  delegate  to  state 
Democratic  conventions;  president  of  the  state 
Democratic  convention  in  1880,  and  delegate  from 
the  state  at  large  to  the  Democratic  national  con- 
vention in  Chicago  in  1884;  presidential  elector  in 
1868;  member  of  the  Georgia  house  of  represent- 
atives 1871-1886  and  served  as  speaker  pro  tern- 
pore  for  two  terms  and  speaker  for  eight  years; 
several  times  a  candidate  for  the  Democratic  nomi- 
nation for  governor  of  Georgia,  and  in  the  Demo- 
cratic state  convention  of  1883  came  within  one 
vote  of  a  nomination ;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the 
United  States  Senate  in  1894,  and  took  his  seat 
March  4,  1895;  reelected  in  1900,  and  again  in  1906 
for  the  term  ending  March  3,  1913. 


450 


CONGRESSIONAL   DIRECTORY. 


Bacon,  EzeMel,  a  Representative  from  Massa- 
chusetts; born  in  Boston,  Mass.,  September  1, 1776; 
received  a  liberal  schooling,  and  was  graduated 
from  Yale  college  in  1794;  attended  the  Litchfield 
law  school  and  afterwards  studied  with  Nathan 
Danein  Beverly ;  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  began 
practice  in  Stockbridge,  Mass. ;  member  of  the  state 
legislature  in  1806  and  1807 ;  elected  as  a  Democrat 
to  the  Tenth,  Eleventh,  and  Twelfth  Congresses 
(March  4,  1807-March  3,  1813);  chief  justice  of  the 
court  of  common  pleas  for  the  western  district  of 
Massachusetts;  Comptroller  of  the  United  States 
Treasury  from  February  11,  1814,  to  February  28, 
1815;  moved  to  Utica,  N.  Y.,  in  1816;  held  many 
public  offices;  member  of  the  assembly;  judge  of 
the  court  of  common  pleas;  member  of  the  state 
constitutional  convention  of  1821;  died  in  Utica, 
N.  Y.,  October  18,  1870. 

Bacon,  Henry,  a  Representative  from  New 
York;  born  in  Brooklyn,  N.  Y.,  March  14,  1840; 
attended  the  Mount  Pleasant  academy  in  Sing 
Sing,  and  the  Episcopal  academy  in  Cheshire, 
Conn.,  and  was  graduated  from  Union  college  in 
1865;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and 
commenced  practice  in  December,  1866;  elected 
as  a  Democrat  to  the  Forty-ninth  Congress,  to  fill 
vacancy  caused  by  the  death  of  Lewis  Beach; 
reelected  to  the  Fiftieth  Congress,  and  served  from 
December  6,  1886,  until  March  3,  1889;  again 
elected  to  the  Fifty-second  Congress  (March  4, 
1893-March  3,  1895);  resumed  the  practice  of  law 
in  Goshen,  N.  Y. 

Bacon,  John,  a  Representative  from  Massachu- 
setts; born  in  Canterbury,  Conn.,  Aprils,  1738;  was 
graduated  from  Princeton  college  in  1765;  studied 
theology;  had  charge  of  the  Old  South  church, 
Boston,  September  25,  1771,  and  was  dismissed 
February  8,  1775,  owing  to  differences  of  opinion; 
located  in  Stockbridge;  member  of  the  constitu- 
tional convention  1779-1780;  member  of  the  state 
house  of  representatives  1780-1781,  1783-1784, 
1786, 1789-1791, 1793;  was  in  the  state  senate  1781- 
1782,  1794-1796,  1798,  1803-1805,  and  served  as 
president  of  the  senate  in  1806;  elected  to  the 
Seventh  Congress  (March  4,  1801. March  3,  1803); 
presidential  elector  in  1804;  presiding  judge  of 
the  court  of  common  pleas;  chief  justice  of  the 
state  supreme  court  in  1809;  died  in  Stockbridge, 
Mass.,  October  25, 1820. 

Bacon,  William  Johnson,  a  Representative 
from  New  York;  born  in  Williamstown,  Mass.,  Feb- 
ruary 18,  1803;  moved  to  Utica,  N.  Y.,  in  1814;  was 
graduated  from  Hamilton  college  in  1822;  studied 
law,  and  was  graduated  from  the  Litchfield  law 
school  in  1824;  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  prac- 
ticed in  Utica,  N.  Y.;  appointed  corporation  coun- 
sel of  Utica  in  1837 ;  member  of  New  York  assem- 
bly in  1850;  elected  associate  justice  of  the  state 
supreme  court  in  1853,  and  reelected  for  another 
term;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Forty-fifth 
Congress  (March  4,  1877-March  3,  1879);  died  in 
Utica,  N.  Y.,  July  3,  1889. 

Badger,  DeWitt  Clinton,  a  Representative 
from  Ohio;  born  in  Madison  county,  Ohio,  August 
7,  1858;  taught  school  frota  1875  to  1880;  studied 
law,  and  was  admitted  to  practice  in  1880;  elected 
prosecuting  attorney  in  1882;  elected  common 
pleas  judge  in  1893,  and  reelected  in  1897;  elected 
to  the  Fifty-eighth  Congress  (March  4,  1903-March 
3,  1905);  resumed  the  practice  of  law  in  Columbus, 
Ohio;  mayor  of  Columbus  1906-1908;  declined  a  re- 
nomination. 


Badger,  George  Edmond,  a  Senator  from 
North  Carolina;  born  in  Newbern,  N.  C.,  April  13, 
1795;  attended  Yale  college  1810-1811;  studied  law, 
was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  began  practice  in 
Newbern;  member  of  the  house  of  commons  of 
North  Carolina  in  1816;  elected  judge  of  the 
superior  court  in  1820,  and  resigned  in  1825;  ap- 
pointed secretary  of  the  Navy  by  President 
William  H.  Harrison  March  5,  1841;  reappointed 
by  President  Tyler,  but  resigned  September 
12,  1841;  elected  to  the  United  States  Senate 
in  1846,  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  the  resignation 
of  William  H.  Hay  wood;  reelected  in  1849,  and 
served  from  November  25,  1846,  to  March  3,  1855; 
President  Fillmore  named  him  for  associate  justice 
of  the  Supreme  Court  in  1853,  but  the  Senate  re- 
fused to  confirm  the  nomination;  upon  his  retire- 
ment from  the  Senate,  March  3,  1855,  the  body,  in 
executive  session,  unanimously  adopted  a  resolu- 
tion expressing  regret  at  his  retirement — an  un- 
usual action;  moved  to  Raleigh  in  1854,  and  prac- 
ticed law;  member  of  state  convention  of  1861;  died 
in  Raleigh,  N.  C.,  May  11,  1865. 

Badger,  Luther,  a  Representative  from  New 
York;  born  in  Partridgefield  (now  Peru),  Mass., 
April  10,  1785;  moved  with  his  father  to  New  York 
in  1786;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and 
commenced  practice  in  Jamesville,  N.  Y.;  elected 
to  the  Nineteenth  Congress  (March  4,  1825-March 
3,  1827);  resumed  practice  of  law  in  1832;  moved  to 
Broome  county  in  1832;  examiner  in  chancery 
1833-1847;  commissioner  of  United  States  loans 
1840-1843;  district  attorney  of  Broome  county  July 
5,  1847,  until  his  resignation  in  November,  1849. 

Baer,  George,  jr.,  a  Representative  from  Mary- 
land; native  of  Frederick,  Md.;  attended  the  com- 
mon schools;  engaged  in  manufacturing;  elected 
to  the  Fifth  and  Sixth  Congresses  (March  4, 
1797-March  3,  1801);  reelected  to  the  Fourteenth 
Congress  (March  4,  1815-March  3,  1817);  died  in 
Frederick,  Md. 

Bagby,  Arthur  Pendleton,  a  Senator  from  Ala- 
bama; born  in  Virginia  in  1794;  studied  law,  and 
was  admitted  to  the  bar;  moved  to  Alabama  in  1818, 
where  he  began  practice  in  Tuscaloosa;  member  of 
the  state  house  of  representatives  1820-1824;  gov- 
ernor of  Alabama  1837-1841;  elected  as  a  Democrat 
to  the  United  States  Senate,  to  fill  vacancy  caused 
by  the  resignation  of  Clement  C.  Clay,  and  served 
from  November  24, 1841,  until  June  16, 1848,  when 
he  resigned  to  accept  the  appointment  of  United 
States  minister  to  Russia,  which  position  he  held 
until  May  14, 1849;  commissioner  to  codify  the  laws 
of  Alabama;  died  in  Mobile,  Ala.,  September  21, 
1858. 

Bagby,  John  Courts,  a  Representative  from 
Illinois;  born  in  Glasgow,  Ky.,  January  24,  1819; 
attended  the  public  schools,  and  was  graduated  as 
a  civil  engineer  from  Bacon  college,  Harrodsburg, 
in  June,  1840;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the 
bar  in  March,  1845,  and  began  practice  in  Rush- 
ville  in  April,  1846;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the 
Forty-fourth  Congress  (March  4,  1875-March  3, 
1877);  died  in  Rushville,  111.,  April  4,  1896. 

Bagley,  George  Augustus,  a  Representative 
from  New  York;  born  in  Watertown,  Jefferson 
county,  N.  Y.,  July  22,  1826;  received  an  academic 
training;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar 
in  1847,  and  practiced;  after  six  years  retired 
from  law  to  engage  in  the  manufacture  of  iron; 
president  of  the  village  of  Watertown  in  1866;  su- 
pervisor of  the  town  1865-1868;  elected  as  a  Repub- 


BIOGRAPHIES. 


451 


lican  to  the  Forty-fourth  and  Forty -fifth  Congresses 
(March  4, 1873-March  3, 1879);  engaged  in  the  man- 
ufacture of  iron  in  Watertown,  N.  Y. 

Bagley,  John  Holroyd,  jr.,  a  Representative 
from  New  York;  born  in  Hudson,  N.  Y.,  November 
26,  1832;  attended  the  common  schools;  was  a  mer- 
chant, and  engaged  in  leather  manufacture;  super- 
visor of  the  town  of  Catskill  1861-1864;  elected  as 
a  Democrat  to  the  Forty-fourth  Congress  (March  4, 
•1875-March  3,  1877);  reelected  to  the  Forty-eighth 
Congress  (March  4,  1883-March  3,  1885);  died  in 
Catskill,  N.  Y.,  October  23,  1902. 

Bailey,  Alexander  Hamilton,  a  Representa- 
tive from  New  York;  born  in  Minisink,  N.  Y., 
August  14, 1817;  was  graduated  from  Princeton  col- 
lege in  1837;  studied  law,  and  was  admitted  to 
the  bar;  examiner  in  chancery  of  Greene  county 
1840-1842;  justice  of  the  peace  of  the  town  of  Cats- 
kill  for  four  years;  served  in  the  general  assembly 
of  the  state  of  New  York  in  1849;  county  judge  of 
Greene  county  1851-1855;  served  in  the  state 
senate  1861-1864;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the 
Fortieth  Congress,  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  the  resig- 
nation of  Roscoe  Conkling;  reelected  to  the  Forty- 
first  Congress,  and  served  from  November  30,  1867, 
to  March  3,  1871;  died  in  Rome,  N.  Y.,  April  20, 
1874. 

Bailey,  David  J.,  a  Representative  from 
Georgia;  native  of  that  state;  elected  as  a  States 
Rights  Democrat  to  the  Thirty-second  Congress 
and  reelected  to  the  Thirty-third  Congress;  served 
from  March  4,  1851,  to  March  3,  1855. 

Bailey,  Goldsmith.  Fox,  a  Representative  from 
Massachusetts;  born  in  Westmoreland,  N.  H.,  July 
17,  1823;  attended  the  public  schools;  editor  of 
a  county  newspaper;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to 
the  bar  in  1848,  and  commenced  practice  in  Fitch- 
burg,  Mass.;  member  of  the  state  house  of  repre- 
sentatives in  1856,  and  the  senate  1858-1860;  elected 
as  a  Republican  to  the  Thirty-seventh  Congress, 
and  served  from  March  4,  1861,  until  his  death  in 
Fitchburg,  Mass.,  May  8,  1862. 

Bailey,  James  Edmund,  a  Senator  from  Ten- 
nessee; born  in  Montgomery  county,  Tenn.,  August 
15, 1822;  attended  the  Clarksville  academy,  and  the 
University  of  Nashville;  studied  law,  was  admitted 
to  the  bar,  and  began  practice  in  Clarksville  in 
1843;  elected  to  the  state  house  of  representatives 
as  a  Whig  in  1853 ;  served  in  the  Confederate  army 
as  colonel  of  the  forty-ninth  Tennessee  regiment; 
member  of  the  court  of  arbitration  in  1872 ;  elected 
to  the  United  States  Senate,  to  fill  vacancy  caused 
by  the  death  of  Andrew  Johnson,  and  served  from 
January  19,  1877,  to  March  3,  1881;  died  in  Clarks- 
ville, Tenn.,  December  29,  1885. 

Bailey,  Jeremiah,  a  Representative  from 
Maine;  born  in  Little  Compton,  R.  I.,  May  1, 1773; 
was  graduated  from  Brown  university;  studied 
law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  began  practice  in 
Wiscasset,  Me.;  member  of  the  state  house  of  repre- 
sentatives 1811-1814;  judge  of  probate  1814-1835; 
elected  as  a  Whig  to  the  Twenty-fourth  Congress 
(March  4,  1835-March  3,  1837);  collector  of  customs 
of  Wiscasset  1849-1853;  died  in  Wiscasset,  Me., 
July  6,  1853. 

Bailey,  John,  a  Representative  from  Massachu- 
setts; bom  in  Stoughton,  Norfolk  county,  Mass.,  in 
1786;  was  graduated  from  Brown  university  in 
1807;  member  of  the  state  legislature  1815-1816; 
clerk  in  the  Department  of  State  in  Washington, 


D.  C.;  presented  credentials  as  a  member-elect  to 
the  Eighteenth  Congress,  but  the  election  was  con- 
tested on  the  ground  that  he  was  not  a  resident  of 
the  district  he  purported  to  represent,  and  by  reso- 
lution of  March  18,  1824,  was  declared  not  entitled 
to  the  seat;  returned  to  Canton,  Mass.,  and  was 
subsequently  elected  to  the  same  Congress,  and 
took  his  seat  December  13,  1824;  reelected  to  the 
Nineteenth,  Twentieth,  and  Twenty-first  Con- 
gresses, and  served  from  December  13,  1824,  to 
March  3,  1831;  member  of  the  state  senate  in  1831 
and  1834;  died  in  Dorchester,  Mass.,  June  26,  1835. 

Bailey,  John  Mosher,  a  Representative  from 
New  York;  born  in  Bethlehem,  N.  Y.,  August  24, 
1838;  was  graduated  from  Union  college  in  1861; 
studied  law  in  Albany,  and  was  admitted  to  the 
bar;  entered  the  Union  army  in  1862  as  first  lieu- 
tenant and  adjutant  of  the  one  hundred  and  sev- 
enty-seventh New  York  volunteers,  and  served  in 
the  Department  of  the  Gulf;  commenced  the  prac- 
tice of  law  in  1864;  assistant  district  attorney  of 
Albany  county  1865-1867 ;  collector  of  internal  rev- 
enue for  four  years;  elected  district  attorney  of  Al- 
bany county  in  1874 ;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the 
Forty-fifth  Congress,  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  the 
death  of  Terence  J.XJuinn;  reelected  to  the  Forty- 
sixth  Congress,  and  served  from  December  2, 1878,  to 
March  3,  1881;  United  States  consul  to  Hamburg, 
Germany,  1881-1885;  delegate  in  the  Republican 
national  convention  in  Chicago  in  1888;  surveyor  of 
customs  in  Albany,  N.  Y.,  1889-1894;  resumed 
the  practice  of  law  in  Albany,  N.  Y. 

Bailey,  Joseph  Weldon,  a  Representative  and 
a  Senator  from  Texas;  bom  near  Hazlehurst, 
Copiah  county,  Miss.,  October  6,  1863;  studied  law, 
and  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1883;  presidential 
elector  on  the  Cleveland  and  Hendricks  ticket  in 
1884;  moved  to  Gainesville,  Tex.,  in  1885,  and 
practiced  law ;  Democratic  presidential  elector 
for  the  state  at  large  in  1888;  elected  as  a  Demo- 
crat to  the  Fifty-second,  Fifty-third,  Fifty-fourth, 
Fifty-fifth,  and  Fifty-sixth  Congresses  (March  4, 
1891-March  3,  1901);  on  the  organization  of  the 
Fifty-fifth  Congress  was  the  Democratic  nominee 
for  speaker  of  the  House  of  Representatives;  elected 
to  the  United  States  Senate  January  23,  1901,  re- 
elected  in  1907  for  the  term  ending  March  3,  1913; 
declined  a  renomination ;  served  from  March  4, 1901, 
to  January  3.  1913,  when  he  resigned;  resumed  the 
practice  of  law,  with  residence  in  Washington, 
D.  C. 

Bailey,  Theodoras,  a  Representative  and  a 
Senator  from  New  York;  born  in  Dutchess  county, 
N.  Y.,  June  11,  1752;  elected  as  a  Democrat 
to  the  T,hird  and  Fourth  Congresses  (March  4, 
1793-March  3,  1797);  reelected  to  the  Sixth  and 
Seventh  Congresses  (March  4, 1799-March  3,  1803); 
elected  to  the  United  States  Senate,  and  served 
from  March  4,  1803,  to  January  16,  1804,  when 
he  resigned  to  accept  the  position  of  postmaster  of 
the  city  of  New  York,  which  he  held  until  his 
death  September*  6,  1828. 

Bailey,  Willis  Joshua,  a  Representative  from 
Kansas;  born  in  Carroll  county,  111.,  October 
12,  1854;  attended  the  common  schools,  Mount 
Carroll  high  school,  and  the  University  of  Illi- 
nois, at  Champaign;  moved  to  Nemaha  county, 
Kans.,  in  1879;  elected  to  the  Kansas  legislature  in 
1888;  president  of  the  Republican  state  league  in 
1893;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Fifty-sixth 
Congress  (March  4,  1899-March  3,  1901);  a  banker 
in  Atchison,  Kans. 


452 


CONGRESSIONAL   DIRECTORY. 


Baily,  Joseph,  a  Representative  from  Penn- 
sylvania; born  in  Pennsbury  township,  Chester 
county,  Pa.,  March  18,  1810;  attended  the  common 
schools;  learned  the  trade  of  a  hatter,  which  he 
carried  on  in  Parkersville;  elected  from  Chester 
county  to  the  state  house  of  representatives  in  1839, 
and  to  the  state  senate  in  1842;  moved  to  Perry 
county  in  1845;  again  elected  to  the  state  senate  in 
1850;  state  treasurer  of  Pennsylvania;  elected  as  a 
Democrat  to  the  Thirty-seventh  and  Thirty-eighth 
Congresses  (March  4,  1861-March  3,  1865);  member 
of  the  state  constitutional  convention  of  1872;  died 
in  Baily's  station,  Perry  county,  Pa.,  August  26, 
1885;  interment  in  New  Bloomfield,  Pa. 

Baird,  Samuel  T.,  a  Representative  from 
Louisiana;  born  in  Oak  Ridge,  La.,  May  5,  1861; 
studied  law,  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1882; 
district  attorney  of  the  sixth  judicial  district  1884- 
1888;  elected  district  judge  in  1888;  after  serving 
four  years  upon  the  bench,  resumed  the  practice  of 
law;  elected  to  the  state  senate  in  April,  1896; 
delegate  in  the  Democratic  national  convention  in 
Chicago  in  1896;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Fifty- 
fifth  and  Fifty-sixth  Congresses,  and  served  from 
March  4,  1897,  until  his  death  in  Bastrop,  La., 
April  22,  1899. 

Baker,  Caleb,  a  Representative  from  New  York ; 
native  of  that  state;  surrogate  of  Tioga  county 
1806-1808;  member  of  the  state  assembly  1814- 
1815;  moved  to  Ithaca,  N.  Y.;  elected  to  the  Six- 
teenth Congress  (March  4,  1819-March  3,  1821); 
removed  to  Tioga  county;  again  served  as  surro- 
gate 1825-1829;  was  again  elected  to  the  state 
assembly  in  1829. 

Baker,  Charles  Simeon,  a  Representative 
from  New  York;  born  in  Church ville,  Monroe 
county,  N.  Y.,  February  18,  1839;  pursued  an 
academic  course;  taught  school;  studied  law,  and 
was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  December,  1860;  served 
in  the  Union  army  during  the  Civil  war  as  a  lieu- 
tenant in  the  twenty-seventh  New  York  volun- 
teer infantry;  disabled  in  the  first  battle  of  Bull 
Run,  and  honorably  discharged;  member  of  the 
New  York  state  assembly,  1879-1882;  member  of 
the  state  senate  1884-1885;  elected  as  a  Republican 
to  the  Forty-ninth,  Fiftieth,  and  Fifty-first  Con- 
gresses (March  4,  1885-March  3,  1891);  returned  to 
Rochester,  N.  Y.?  and  resumed  the  practice  of  his 
profession;  died  in  Washington,  D.  C.,  April  21, 
1902. 

Baker,  David  Jewett,  a  Senator  from  Illinois; 
born  in  East  Haddam,  Conn.,  September  7,  1792; 
moved  with  his  parents  to  Ontario  county,  N.  Y.; 
attended  the  common  schools,  and  was  graduated 
from  Hamilton  college  in  1816;  studied  law,  was 
admitted  to  the  bar  in  1819,  and  commenced  prac- 
tice in  Kaskaskia,  111.;  probate  judge  of  Randolph 
county;  appointed  as  a  Democrat  to  the  United 
States  Senate  November  12,  1830,  to  fill  vacancy 
caused  by  the  death  of  John  McLean,  and  served 
from  November  12,  1830,  to  December  11,  1830; 
United  States  district  attorney  for  Illinois  1833- 
1841;  resumed  the  practice  of  law;  died  in  Alton, 
111.,  August  6,  1869. 

Baker,  Edward  Dickinson,  a  Representative 
from  Illinois  and  a  Senator  from  Oregon;  born  in 
London,  England,  February  24,  1811;  came  with 
his  father  to  the  United  States  in  1815,  and  settled 
in  Philadelphia,  Pa.;  moved  to  Springfield,  111., 
in  1825;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in 
Greene  county,  and  began  practice  in  Springfield; 


member  of  the  state  house  of  representatives  in 
1837,  and  of  the  state  senate  1840-1844;  elected  as  a 
Whig  to  the  Twenty-ninth  Congress,  and  served 
from  March  4,  1845,  until  he  resigned  December  24, 
1846 ;  commissioned  colonel  of  the  fourth  regiment 
of  Illinois  volunteers  July  4, 1846;  honorably  mus- 
tered out  May  29,  1847 ;  participated  in  the  siege 
of  Vera  Cruz,  and  commanded  a  brigade  at  Cerro 
Gordo;  after  the  war  moved  to  Galena,  111.;  elected 
to  the  Thirty-first  Congress  (March  4,  1849-March 
3,  1851);  declined  a  renomination;  moved  to  San 
Francisco,  Cal.,  in  1851,  and  resumed  the  practice 
of  law;  went  to  Oregon  in  1860;  elected  to  the 
United  States  Senate,  to  fill  vacancy  in  term  be- 
ginning March  4, 1859,  and  served  from  October  2, 
1860;  at  the  breaking  out  of  the  Civil  War  he  raised 
a  regiment  in  New  York  and  Philadelphia;  com- 
missioned brigadier  general  of  volunteers  May  17, 
1861,  but  declined;  colonel  of  the  seventy-first 
Pennsylvania  infantry  June  22,  1861;  major  gen- 
eral of  volunteers  September  21,  1861,  but  had  not 
accepted  the  appointment  up  to  the  time  of  his 
death;  killed  in  the  battle  of  Balls  Bluff,  Va.,  Oc- 
tober 21,  1861. 

Baker,  Ezra,  a  Representative  from  New  Jersey; 
native  of  that  state;  elected  to  the  Fourteenth  Con- 
gress (March  4,  1815-March  3,  1817). 

Baker,  Henry  Moore,  a  Representative  from 
New  Hampshire;  born  in  Bow,  N.  H.,  January  11, 
1841;  was  graduated  from  the  New  Hampshire  con- 
ference seminary  in  1859,  Dartmouth  college  in 
1863,  and  Columbian  college  law  school  in  1866; 
was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1866;  clerk  in  the 
War  and  Treasury  departments,  and  later  practiced 
law  in  Washington,  D.  C. ;  judge  advocate  general  of 
the  national  guard  of  New  Hampshire  1886-1887, 
with  rank  of  brigadier  general;  member  of  the  state 
senate  1891-1892;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the 
Fifty-third  and  Fifty-fourth  Congresses  (March  3, 
1893-March  3,  1897);  member  state  house  of  rep- 
resentatives 1905-1909;  resumed  the  practice  of  law 
in  Washington,  D.  C.,  until  his  death,  May  30, 1912; 
interment  in  Bow,  N.  H. 

Baker,  Jehu,  a  Representative  from  Illinois; 
born  in  Fayette  county,  Ky.,  November  4,  1822; 
attended  the  common  schools,  and  McKendree  col- 
lege; studied  law,  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar; 
master  in  chancery  of  St.  Clair  county  1861-1865; 
elected  to  the  Thirty-ninth  and  Fortieth  Con- 
gresses (March  4,  1865-March  3,  1869);  served  as 
United  States  minister  to  Venezuela  1878-1881, 
and  1882-1885;  minister  resident  and  consul  gen- 
eral for  a  time  during  the  latter  portion  of  his  serv- 
ice; elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Fiftieth  Con- 
gress (March  4,  1887-March  3,  1889);  reelected  as 
a  Fusionist  to  the  Fifty-fifth  Congress  (March  4, 
1897-March  3,  1899);  died  in  Belleville,  111.,  March 
1,  1903. 

Baker,  John,  a  Representative  from  Virginia; 
born  in  Virginia;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the 
bar,  and  practiced ;  elected  as  a  Federalist  to  the 
Twelfth  Congress  (March  4,  1811-March  3,  1813); 
resumed  the  practice  of  law;  died  in  Shepherds- 
town,  Va.,  August  18,  1833. 

Baker,  John  Harris,  a  Representative  from  In- 
diana; born  in  Parma  township,  N .  Y. ,  February  28, 
1832;  moved  with  his  parents  to  the  present  county 
of  Fulton,'  Ohio;  taught  school,  and  attended  the 
Wesleyan  university  in  Delaware,  Ohio,  two  years; 
studied  law  in  Adrian,  Mich.,  was  admitted  to  the 
bar,  and  commenced  practice  in  1857  in  Goshen, 


BIOGRAPHIES. 


453 


Ind.;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Forty-fourth, 
Forty-fifth,  and  Forty-sixth  Congresses  (March  4, 
1875-March  3, 1881) ;  resumed  the  practice  of  law  in 
Goshen,  Ind.;  appointed  a  district  judge  by  Presi- 
dent Harrison,  and  served  until  retirement. 

Baker,  Lucien,  a  Senator  from  Kansas;  born  in 
Ohio,  June  8,  1846;  moved  with  his  parents  to 
Michigan;  attended  the  public  schools,  and  was 
graduated  from  Adrian  college,  and  from  the  law 
school  of  the  University  of  Michigan;  was  admitted 
to  the  bar  in  1868,  and  commenced  practice  in 
Leavenworth,  Kans.,  in  1869;  city  attorney  of 
Leaven  worth  1872-1874;  member  of  the  state  senate 
1893-1895;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  United 
States  Senate,  and  served  from  March  4,  1895,  to 
March  3,  1901;  died  in  Leavenworth,  Kans.,  June 
21,  1907. 

Baker,  Osmyn,  a  Representative  from  Massa- 
chusetts; born  in  Amherst,  Mass.,  May  18,  1800; 
was  graduated  from  Yale  college  in  1822;  studied 
law,  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar;  member  of  the 
state  legislature  in  1853  and  1854;  elected  as  a  Whig 
to  the  Twenty-sixth  Congress,  to  fill  vacancy 
caused  by  the  death  of  James  C.  Alvord;  reelected 
to  the  Twenty-seventh  and  Twenty-eighth  Con- 
gresses, and  served  from  January  14, 1840,  to  March 
3,  1845;  died  in  Northampton,  Mass.,  February  9, 
1875. 

Baker,  B,obert,  a  Representative  from  New 
York;  born  at  Bury  St.  Edmunds,  England,  in 
April,  1862;  came  to  the  United  States,  and  located 
in  Brooklyn,  N.  Y.;  attended  the  common  schools; 
defeated  for  the  assembly  in  1894;  elected  as  a 
Democrat  to  the  Fifty-eighth  Congress  (March  4, 
1903-March  3,  1905);  defeated  for  reelection  to  the 
Fifty-ninth  and  Sixtieth  Congresses;  a  resident  of 
Brooklyn,  N.  Y.,  and  engaged  in  the  real  estate 
business. 

Baker,  Stephen,  a  Representative  from  New 
York;  born  in  New  York  City,  August  12,  1819; 
attended  the  common  schools;  engaged  in  business; 
moved  to  Poughkeepsie,  N.  Y.;  elected  as  a  Re- 
publican to  the  Thirty-seventh  Congress  (March  4, 
1861-March  3, 1863);  died  upon  a  train  near  Ogden, 
Utah,  June  9,  1875. 

Baker,  William,  a  Representative  from  Kan- 
sas; born  in  Washington  county,  Pa.,  April  29, 
1831;  was  graduated  from  Waynesburg  college  in 
1856;  studied  law,  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar; 
moved  to  Iowa  in  1859,  and  became  principal  of 
the  schools  in  Council  Bluffs;  returned  to  Pennsyl- 
vania, and  engaged  in  business  1886-1888;  moved  to 
Kansas,  and  engaged  in  farming  and  stock  raising; 
elected  to  the  Fifty-second  Congress  by  the 
People's  Party;  reelected  to  the  Fifty-third  and 
Fifty-fourth  Congresses  (March  4,  1891-March  3, 
1897);  died  in  Lincoln,  Kans.,  February  1, 1910. 

Baker,  William  Benjamin,  a  Representative 
from  Maryland;  born  near  Aberdeen,  Md.,  July  22, 
1840;  attended  public  and  private  schools;  elected 
to  the  house  of  delegates  as  a  Republican  in  1881, 
and  to  the  state  senate  in  1893;  elected  as  a  Repub- 
lican to  the  Fifty-fourth,  Fifty-fifth,  and  Fifty-sixth 
Congresses  (March  4,  1895-March  3,  1901);  died  in 
Aberdeen,  Md.,  May  17, 1911. 

Baker,  William  Henry,  a  Representative  from 
New  York;  born  in  Lenox  township,  Madison 
county,  N.  Y.,  January  17,  1827;  moved  with  his 
parents  to  Oswego  county  in  1829;  attended  the 
common  schools,  and  Red  Creek  and  Mexico  acade- 


mies; studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in 
Syracuse,  N.  Y.,  in  November,  1851,  and  com- 
menced practice  in  Cleveland,  N.  Y.;  moved  to 
Constantia,  N.  Y.,  in  1853;  district  attorney  for 
Oswego  county  from  January,  1863,  until  January, 
1870;  district  attorney  1866-1869;  elected  as  a  Re- 
publican to  the  Forty-fourth  and  Forty-fifth  Con- 
gresses (March  4,  1875-March  3,  1879);  died  in 
Constantia,  N.  Y.,  November  25,  1911. 

Baldwin,  Abraham,  a  Delegate,  a  Representa- 
tive, and  a  Senator  from  Georgia;  born  in  Guilford, 
Conn.,  November  6,  1754;  was  graduated  from 
Yale  college  in  1772;  chaplain  in  the  Revolutionary 
army  until  1783;  after  the  war  moved  to  Savannah, 
Ga.;  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  practiced; 
member  of  the  legislature  in  1784;  established  the 
university  of  Georgia,  and  was  its  president  for 
a  number  of  years;  sat  in  the  Continental  Congress 
1785-1788;  member  of  the  United  States  constitu- 
tional convention;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the 
First,  Second,  Third,  Fourth,  and  Fifth  Congresses 
(March  4, 1789-March  3, 1799) ;  elected  to  the  United 
States  Senate  in  1799;  reelected,  and  served  from 
March  4,  1799,  until  his  death;  elected  President 
of  the  Senate  pro  tempore  December  7,  1801,  and 
April  17, 1802;  died  in  Washington,  D.  C.,  March  3, 
1807. 

Baldwin,  Augustus  Carpenter,  a  Representa- 
tive from  Michigan;  born  in  Salina  (now  Syracuse), 
Onondaga  county,  N.  Y.,  December  24,  1817; 
attended  the  piiblic  schools;  moved  to  Oakland 
county,  Mich.,  in  1837,  and  taught  school;  studied 
law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1842,  and  com- 
menced practice  in  Milford,  Oakland  county; 
member  of  the  state  house  of  representatives  1844- 
1846,  and  served  as  speaker  pro  tempore  in  1846; 
moved  to  Pontiac,  Mich.,  in  March,  1849;  prose- 
cuting attorney  for  Oakland  county  1853-1854; 
delegate  in  the  Democratic  national  convention 
in  Charleston  and  Baltimore  in  1860;  elected 
as  a  Union  Democrat  to  the  Thirty-eighth  Con- 
gress (March  4,  1863-March  3,  1865);  delegate 
in  the  peace  convention  in  Philadelphia  in  1866; 
mayor  of  Pontiac  in  1874;  member  of  Pontiac  school 
board  1868-1886;  judge  of  the  sixth  judicial  circuit 
of  Michigan  1875-1879;  resigned,  and  resumed  the 
practice  of  law;  died  in  Pontiac,  Mich.,  January 
21,  1903. 

Baldwin,  Henry,  a  Representative  from  Penn- 
sylvania; born  in  New  Haven,  Conn.,  January  14, 
1780;  was  graduated  from  Yale  college  in  1797; 
studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  began 
practice  in  Pittsburgh,  Pa.,  in  1817;  elected  as  a 
Federalist  to  the  Fifteenth,  Sixteenth,  and  Seven- 
teenth Congresses,  and  served  from  March  4,  1817, 
until  his  resignation  in  1822 ;  appointed  an  associate 
justice  of  the  United  States  Supreme  Court  January 
6,  1830;  died  in  Philadelphia,  Pa.,  April  21,  1844. 

Baldwin,  Henry  Porter,  a  Senator  from  Michi- 
gan; born  in  Coventry,  R.  I.,  February  22,  1814; 
attended  the  common  schools;  moved  to  Detroit, 
Mich.,  and  established  a  mercantile  house  in  1838; 
director  of  the  Michigan  state  bank,  and  president 
of  the  Second  national  bank  of  Detroit  at  its  organ- 
ization in  1864;  member  of  the  convention  which 
organized  the  Republican  party  in  Jackson,  Mich., 
in  1854;  member  of  the  state  senate  1861-1862; 
governor  of  Michigan  1868-1872;  member  of  the 
Republican  national  convention  in  Cincinnati  in 
1876;  appointed,  and  subsequently  elected  as  a 
Republican  to  the  United  States  Senate,  to  fill 
vacancy  caused  by  the  death  of  Zachariah  Chand- 


454 


CONGRESSIONAL   DIRECTORY. 


ler,  and  served  from  November  17,  1879,  to  March 
3, 1881;  died  in  Detroit,  Mich.,  December  31, 1892. 

Baldwin,  John,  a  Representative  from  Connect- 
icut; born  in  Mansfield,  Conn.,  April  5,  1772;  at- 
tended the  public  schools,  and  was  graduated  from 
Providence  college,  Rhode  Island,  in  1797;  studied 
law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  began  practice  in 
Windham,  Conn. ;  probate  judge  1818-1824;  elected 
to  the  Nineteenth  and  Twentieth  Congresses  (March 
4,  1825-March  3,  1829);  died  in  Windham,  Conn., 
March  27,  1850. 

Baldwin,  John  Denison,  a  Representative 
from  Massachusetts;  born  in  North  Stonington, 
Conn.,  September  28,  1809;  attended  Yale  college 
and  studied  law,  but  never  practiced ;  in  1833  was 
licensed  to  preach  and  held  a  Congregational  pas- 
torate in  North  Branford,  Conn.,  for  several  years; 
editor  and  proprietor  of  the  Worcester  Spy;  dele- 
gate in  the  Republican  national  convention  of 
1860,  and  it  was  at  his  suggestion  that  Han- 
nibal Hamlin  was  nominated  on  the  ticket  with 
Lincoln;  elected  to  the  Thirty-eighth,  Thirty- 
ninth,  and  Fortieth  Congresses  (March  4,  1863- 
March  3,  1869);  resumed  newspaper  work;  died 
in  Worcester,  Mass.,  July  8,  1883. 

Baldwin,  Melvin  B..,  a  Representative  from 
Minnesota;  born  in  Windsor  county,  Vt.,  April  12, 
1838;  moved  to  Wisconsin  in  1847;  entered  Law- 
rence university,  Appleton,  Wis.,  1855;  studied 
law,  but  adopted  civil  engineering  as  a  profession: 
engaged  on  Chicago  &  Northwestern  railway  until 
April  19,  1861,  when  he  enlisted  as  a  private  in 
company  E,  second  Wisconsin  infantry;  commis- 
sioned captain  of  his  company;  captured  at  Gettys- 
burg, and  confined  in  Libby,  Macon,  Ga.,  Charles- 
ton and  Columbia,  S.  C.,  prisons  for  eighteen 
months;  after  the  war  engaged  in  operative  railway 
work  in  Kansas;  general  superintendent  four 
years;  moved  to  Duluth,  Minn.,  in  1885;  elected  as 
a  Democrat  to  the  Fifty-third  Congress  (March  4, 
1893-March  3,  1895);  chairman  of  the  Chippewa 
Indian  commission  for  two  years;  went  to  Alaska  in 
November,  1897;  died  upon  his  way  home,  in 
Seattle,  Wash.,  April  15,  1901. 

Baldwin,  Roger  Sherman,  a  Senator  from 
Connecticut;  born  in  New  Haven,  Conn.,  January 
4,  1793;  was  graduated  from  Yale  college  in  1811; 
studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1814, 
and  began  practice  in  New  Haven,  Conn.,  in  1837; 
member  of  the  state  senate  in  1837  and  1838;  served 
in  the  state  house  of  representatives  1840-1841; 
governor  of  Connecticut  1844-1846;  appointed,  and 
subsequently  elected  to  the  United  States  Senate, 
to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  the  death  of  Jabez  W. 
Huntington,  and  served  from  November  11,  1847, 
to  March  3, 1851;  presidential  elector  in  1860;  mem- 
ber of  the  National  peace  congress  in  1860;  died  in 
New  Haven,  Conn.,  February  19,  1863. 

Baldwin,  Simeon,  a  Representative  from  Con- 
necticut; born  in  Norwich,  Conn.,  December  14, 
1761;  was  graduated  from  Yale  college  in  1781; 
studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1786,  and 
practiced  in  New  Haven,  Conn. ;  elected  as  a  Feder- 
alist to  the  Eighth  Congress  (March  4, 1803-March  3, 
1805);  associate  judge  of  the  state  supreme  court  of 
errors  1806-1817;  president  of  the  board  of  com- 
missioners that  located  the  Farmington  canal  in 
1822;  mayor  of  New  Haven  in  1826;  died  in  New 
Haven,  Conn.,  May  26,  1851. 

Ball,  Edward,  a  Representative  from  Ohio; 
born  in  Fairfax  county,  near  Alexandria,  Va., 


November  6,  1811;  moved  to  Ohio,  and  located  in 
Zanesville;  was  sheriff  of  Muskingum  county  1839- 
1842;  member  of  the  state  house  of  representatives 
1845-1849,  1868-1870;  elected  as  a  Whig  to  the 
Thirty-third  and  Thirty-fourth  Congresses  (March  4, 
1853-March  4,  1857);  Sergeant  at  Arms  of  the 
National  House  of  Representatives  in  the  Thirty- 
seventh  Congress;  accidentally  killed  by  a  railroad 
train  in  Zanesville,  Ohio,  November  22,  1872. 

Ball,  Lewis  Heisler,  a  Representative  and  a 
Senator  from  Delaware;  born  near  Wilmington, 
Del.,  September  21, 1861;  was  graduated  from  Dela- 
ware College  in  1882,  and  from  the  University  of 
Pennsylvania  in  1885;  state  treasurer  of  Delaware 
1898-1900;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Fifty- 
seventh  Congress,  and  served  from  March  4, 1901,  to 
March  3,  1903,  when  he  resigned;  elected  to  the 
United  States  Senate  as  a  Republican  March  2, 
1903,  to  fill  vacancy  in  the  term  commencing 
March  3,  1899,  and  served  from  March  3,  1903,  to 
March  3,  1905;  resumed  the  practice  of  medicine  in 
Faulkland,  Del. 

Ball,  Thomas  Henry,  a  Representative  from 
Texas;  born  in  Huntsville,  Walker  county,  Tex., 
January  14,  1859;  attended  private  schools,  and 
was  graduated  from  Austin  college  in  1876;  studied 
law  in  the  University  of  Virginia,  was  admitted  to 
the  bar,  and  practiced ;  served  three  terms  as  mayor 
of  Huntsville;  chairman  of  the  Democratic  execu- 
tive committee  of  Walker  county  twelve  years; 
served  many  times  as  a  delegate  from  his  county  in 
state  conventions;  delegate  in  the  Democratic 
national  conventions  of  1892,  1896,  and  1900; 
elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Fifty-fifth,  Fifty- 
sixth,  Fifty-seventh,  and  Fifty-eighth  Congresses, 
and  served  from  March  4,  1897,  to  December  16, 
1903,  when  he  resigned;  resumed  the  practice  of 
law  in  Houston,  Tex. 

Ball,  William  Lee,  a  Representative  from  Vir- 
ginia; born  in  Lancaster  county,  Va.,  January  2, 
1781;  received  a  liberal  schooling;  served  as  pay- 
master in  the  War  of  1812,  and  was  assigned  to  the 
ninety-second  Virginia  regiment;  elected  to  the 
Fifteenth,  Sixteenth,  Seventeenth,  and  Eighteenth 
Congresses,  and  served  from  March  4,  1817,  until 
his  death  in  Washington,  D.  C.,  February  28, 1824. 

Ballentine,  John  Goff,  a  Representative  from 
Tennessee;  born  in  Pulaski,  Giles  county,  Tenn., 
May  20,  1825;  was  graduated  from  Wertumburg 
academy  in  1841,  the  University  of  Nashville  in 
1845,  and  Harvard  college  in  1848;  was  a  member  of 
the  faculty  of  Livingston  law  school  in  New  York 
for  some  time;  served  in  the  Confederate  army 
during  the  Civil  war;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the 
Forty-eighth  and  Forty-ninth  Congresses  (March  4, 
1883-March  3,  1887);  retired  lawyer,  banker,  and 
planter  in  Pulaski,  Tenn. 

Ballou,  Latimer  Whipple,  a  Representative 
from  Rhode  Island;  born  in  Cumberland,  R.  I., 
March  1,  1812;  attended  the  public  schools  and 
academies  in  the  vicinity;  moved  to  Cambridge, 
Mass.,  in  1828,  and  learned  the  art  of  printing  at 
the  University  press;  was  instrumental  in  estab- 
lishing the  Cambridge  press  in  1835,  and  continued 
in  the  business  until  1842,  when  he  went  to  Woon- 
socket,  R.  I.,  where  he  engaged  in  business;  cashier 
of  the  Woonsocket  Falls  bank  in  1850,  and  treasurer 
of  the  Woonsocket  institution  for  savings,  positions 
he  retained  for  over  twenty-five  years ;  active  in  the 
organization  of  the  Republican  party,  and  presi- 
dent of  the  Fremont  club  in  1856;  presidential 
elector  on  the  Lincoln  and  Hamlin  ticket  in  1860; 


BIOGEAPHIES. 


455 


delegate  in  the  Republican  national  convention  in 
Philadelphia  in  1872;  elected  as  a  Republican  to 
the  Forty-fourth,  Forty-fifth,  and  Forty-sixth  Con- 
gresses (March  4,  1875-March  3,  1881);  died  in 
Woonsocket,  R.  I.,  May  9,  1900. 

Banister,  John,  a  Delegate  from  Virginia; 
native  of  Virginia;  attended  school  in  England,  and 
studied  law  in  the  Temple;  returned  to  Virginia, 
where  he  became  an  active  organizer  in  ante-Revo- 
lutionary movements;  member  of  the  state  assem- 
bly; sat  in  the  Continental  Congress  from  March  16, 
1778,  to  September  24, 1779 ;  one  of  the  framers  of  the 
Articles  of  Confederation;  lieutenant  colonel  of 
Virginia  cavalry  in  1781,  and  active  in  repelling 
the  British  invaders;  died  near  Hatchers  Run, 
Dinwiddie  county,  Va.,  in  1787. 

Bankhead,  John  Hollis,  a  Representative  and 
a  Senator  from  Alabama;  born  in  Moscow,  Marion 
county  (now  Lamar),  Ala.,  September  13,  1842; 
servea  four  years  in  the  Confederate  army;  rep- 
resented Marion  county  in  the  general  assembly 
sessions  of  1865, 1866,  and  1867;  member  of  the  state 
senate  1876-1877,  and  of  the  house  of  representa- 
tives 1880-1881 ;  warden  of  the  Alabama  peniten- 
tiary 1881-1885;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Fif- 
tieth, and  to  the  nine  succeeding  Congresses  (March 
4,  1887-March  3,  1907);  appointed,  and  subse- 
quently elected  to  the  United  States  Senate,  to  fill 
vacancy  caused  by  the  death  of  John  T.  Morgan, 
and  took  his  seat  June  18,  1907;  reelected  in  1907, 
for  the  term  ending  March  3,  1913. 

Banks,  John,  a  Representative  from  Pennsyl- 
vania; born  in  Juniata  county,  Pa.,  October  17, 
1793;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  be- 
gan practice  in  1819;  elected  to  the  Twenty-second, 
Twenty-third,  and  Twenty-fourth  Congresses,  and 
served  from  March  4,  1831,  until  he  resigned  in 
1836;  judge  of  Berks  judicial  district;  resigned  to 
become  state  treasurer  in  1847;  resumed  the  prac- 
tice of  law  in  Reading,  Pa.,  and  died  there  April 
3,  1864. 

Banks,  Linn,  a  Representative  from  Virginia; 
born  in  Madison  (then  Culpeper)  county,  Va.,  Janu- 
ary 23, 1784;  member  of  the  Virginia  house  of  dele- 
gates, and  for  twenty  successive  years  served  as 
speaker  of  that  body;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the 
Twenty-fifth  Congress,  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by 
the  resignation  of  John  M.  Patton;  reelected  to  the 
Twenty-sixth  Congress,  and  served  from  May  19, 
1838  to  March  3,  1841;  presented  credentials  as  a 
Member-elect  to  the  Twenty-seventh  Congress,  but 
his  election  was  successfully  contested  by  William 
Smith,  who  took  his  seat  December  6,  1841;  was 
drowned  while  attempting  to  ford  the  Conway 
river  in  Madison  county,  Va.,  January  13,  1842. 

Banks,  Nathaniel  Prentiss,  a  Representative 
from  Massachusetts ;  born  in  Waltham,  Mass.,  Janu- 
ary 30,  1816;  attended  the  common  schools;  a  ma- 
chinist by  trade;  editor  of  a  weekly  paper  in  Walt- 
ham,  Mass.;  clerk  in  the  customhouse  in  Boston, 
Mass.;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and 
practiced;  member  of  the  Massachusetts  legislature 
1849-1852,  and  for  two  years  served  as  speaker  of 
the  house;  member  of  the  state  constitutional  con- 
vention of  1853;  elected  as  a  Coalition  Democrat 
to  the  Thirty-third  Congress,  as  an  American  to  the 
Thirty-fourth  Congress,  and  as  a  Republican  to  the 
Thirty-fifth  Congress,  and  served  from  March  4, 
1853,  until  he  resigned  December  24,  1857,  to  be- 
come governor;  governor  of  Massachusetts  from 
January,  1858,  until  January,  1861;  moved  to  Chi- 
cago, 111.;  president  of  the  Illinois  Central  rail- 


road; entered  the  Union  army  as  a  major  general 
of  volunteers  May  16,  1861;  received  the  thanks  of 
Congress  January  18,  1864,  "for  the  skill,  courage, 
and  endurance  which  compelled  the  surrender  of 
Port  Hudson,  and  thus  removed  the  last  obstruc- 
tion to  the  free  navigation  of  the  Mississippi  river' ' ; 
honorably  mustered  out  August  24,  1865;  returned 
to  Massachusetts;  reelected  as  a  Union  Republican 
to  the  Thirty-ninth  Congress,  to  fill  vacancy 
caused  by  the  resignation  of  Daniel  W.  Gooch; 
reelected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Fortieth,  Forty- 
first,  and  Forty-second  Congresses,  and  served 
from  December  4,  1865  to  March  3,  1873;  again 
elected  as  a  Liberal  Republican  to  the  Forty- 
fourth  and  Forty-fifth  Congresses  (March  4,  1875- 
March  3,  1879);  appointed  United  States  marshal, 
March  11,  1879,  and  served  until  April  23,  1888; 
elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Fifty-first  Congress 
(March  4,  1889-March  3,  1891);  died  in  Waltham, 
Mass.,  September  1,  1894. 

Banning,  Henry  Blackstone,  a  Representative 
from  Ohio;  born  in  Mount  Vernon,  Ohio,  Novem- 
ber 10,  1836;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar, 
and  practiced  in  Mount  Vernon,  Ohio;  enlisted 
April,  1861,  in  the  Union  army  as  a  private;  com- 
missioned captain  of  the  fourth  Ohio  infantry  June 
5, 1861;  colonel  of  the  eighty-seventh  Ohio  infantry 
June  25,  1862;  honorably  mustered  out  October  4, 
1862;  commissioned  lieutenant  colonel  of  the  one 
hundred  and  twenty-fifth  Ohio  infantry  January 
1,  1863;  transferred  to  the  one  hundred  and  twenty- 
first  Ohio  infantry  April  5,  1863;  colonel  Novem- 
ber 10,  1863;  brevet  brigadier  general  and  major 
general  of  volunteers  March  13,  1865,  "for  gallant 
and  meritorious  service  during  the  war' ' ;  resigned 
January  1,  1865;  member  of  the  Ohio  legislature 
1866-1867;  moved  to  Cincinnati,  Ohio,  in  1869; 
and  resumed  the  practice  of  law;  elected  as  a 
Democrat  to  the  Forty- third,  Forty-fourth,  and 
Forty-fifth  Congresses  (March  4,  1873-March  3, 
1879);  died  in  Cincinnati,  Ohio,  December  10, 
1881. 

Bannon,  Henry  Towne,  a  Representative  from 
Ohio;  born  near  Portsmouth,  Ohio,  June  5,  1867; 
attended  the  public  schools  of  Portsmouth,  the 
Ohio  state  university  1885-1886,  and  was  gradu- 
ated from  the  University  of  Michigan  in  1889; 
studied  law,  was  admitted,  to  the  Ohio  bar  in  1891, 
and  practiced  in  Portsmouth,  Ohio;  prosecuting 
attorney  of  Scioto  county  1897-1902;  elected  as  a 
Republican  to  the  Fifty-ninth  and  Sixtieth  Con- 
gresses (March  4,  1905-March  3,  1909);  resumed 
the  practice  of  law  in  Portsmouth,  Ohio. 

Barber,  Hiram,  jr.,  a  Representative  from  Illi- 
nois; born  in  Warren  county,  N.  Y.,  March  24, 
1835;  moved  to  Wisconsin  in  1846;  attended  the 
state  university  in  Madison,  Wis. ;  studied  law  in 
the  Albany  law  school,  and  was  admitted  to  the 
bar;  district  attorney  of  Jefferson  county,  1861- 
1862;  assistant  attorney  general  1865-1866;  moved 
to  Chicago,  111.,  and  resumed  the  practice  of  law 
in  1866;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Forty- 
sixth  Congress  (March  4,  1879-March  3,  1881);  a 
resident  of  Maywood,  Cook  county,  111.,  and 
resumed  the  practice  of  law  in  Chicago. 

Barber,  Isaac  Ambrose,  a  Representative 
from  Maryland;  born  near  Salem,  N.  J.,  January 
26, 1852;  studied  medicine,  and  practiced  in  Woods- 
town,  N.  J.;  moved  to  Easton,  Talbot  county,  Md., 
in  1873,  and  continued  to  practice  medicine  for 
fifteen  years;  engaged  in  milling;  elected  to  the 
Maryland  legislature  in  1895;  was  chairman  of  the 
Republican  state  central  committee  for  Talbot 


456 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 


county,  and  president  of  the  Farmers  &  Merchants' 
National  bank  of  Easton;  elected  as  a  Republican 
to  the  Fifty-fifth  Congress  (March  4, 1897-March  3, 
1899);  died  in  Easton,  Md.,  March  1,  1909. 

Barber,  Joel  Allen,  a  Representative  from  Wis- 
consin; born  in  Franklin  county,  Vt.,  January  17, 
1809;  studied  law,  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in 
1833;  moved  to  Wisconsin  in  1837  and  settled  in 
Lancaster,  Grant  county,  and  began  the  practice  of 
law;  member  of  the  first  constitutional  convention 
of  Wisconsin  in  1846;  elected  to  the  state  assembly 
in  1852,  1853,  and  1863,  and  served  the  last  year 
as  speaker;  member  of  the  state  senate  1856- 
1857;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Forty -second 
and  Forty-third  Congresses  (March  4, 1871-March  3, 
1875);  died  in  Lancaster,  Wis.,  June  17,  1881. 

Barber,  Laird  Howard,  a  Representative  from 
Pennsylvania;  born  near  Mifflinburg,  Union 
county,  Pa.,  October  25,  1848;  prepared  for  col- 
lege in  the  Mifflinburg  academy,  and  was  grad- 
uated from  Lafayette  college  in  1871;  principal  of 
the  Mauch  Chunk  public  schools  for  several  years; 
studied  law,  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  Carbon 
county,  June  20,  1881;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the 
Fifty-sixth  Congress  (March  4,  1899-March  3,  1901); 
resumed  the  practice  of  law  in  Mauch  Chunk,  Pa. 

Barber,  Levi,  a  Representative  from  Ohio;  born 
in  Simsbury,  Hartford  county,  Conn.,  October  16, 
1777;  moved  to  Ohio;  was  a  surveyor  in  the  em- 
ploy of  the  Federal  government;  aide  to  Governor 
Meigs  during  the  War  of  1812;  was  elected  to  the 
Fifteenth  Congress  (March  4,  1817-March  3,  1019); 
reelected  to  the  Seventeenth  Congress  (March  4, 
1821-March  3,  1823);  clerk  of  the  court  of  common 
pleas,  and  the  court  of  Washington  county;  re- 
ceiver of  the  United  States  land  office  in  Marietta, 
Ohio,  and  a  justice  of  the  peace;  died  in  Harmar 
(now  West  Marietta),  Ohio,  April  23,  1833. 

Barber,  Noyes,  a  Representative  from  Con- 
necticut; born  in  Groton,  Conn.,  April  28,  1781; 
attended  the  common  schools;  studied  law,  and 
was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  Groton,  Mass. ;  major 
of  the  eighth  Connecticut  regiment  in  the  War 
of  1812;  detailed  to  defend  the  coast  towns  during 
the  blockade  by  the  British  fleet;  elected  to  the 
Eighteenth,  and  to  the  five  succeeding  Congresses 
(March  4,  1823-March  3,  1835);  resumed  the  prac- 
tice of  law  in  Groton,  Conn.,  where  he  died  Janu- 
ary 3,  1844. 

Barbour,  James,  a  Senator  from  Virginia;  born 
in  Orange  county,  Va.,  June  10,  1775;  attended  the 
common  schools;  while  serving  as  deputy  sheriff 
of  Orange  county  studied  law,  and  was  admitted  to 
the  bar  in  1794;  member  of  the  Virginia  house  of 
delegates  1796-1812,  and  served  as  its  speaker; 
governor  of  Virginia  in  1812;  elected  to  the  United 
States  Senate  as  a  member  of  the  Anti-Democrat 
and  States  Rights  party,  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by 
the  death  of  Richard  Brent;  reelected,  and  served 
from  January  2,  1815,  to  March  7,  1825,  when  he 
resigned;  Secretary  of  War  by  appointment  of 
President  John  Quincy  Adams  from  March  7,  1825, 
to  May  26,  1828;  United  States  minister  to  England 
from  May  26,  1828,  to  September  23,  1829;  chair- 
man of  the  Whig  national  convention  that  nomi- 
nated William  Henry  Harrison  for  the  Presidency 
in  1839;  died  in  Barboursville,  Orange  county,  Va., 
June  7,  1842. 

Barbour,  John  Strode,  a  Representative  from 
Virginia;  born  in  Culpeper  county,  Va.,  August  8, 


1790;  was  graduated  from  William  and  Mary  college 
in  1808;  studied  law,  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar; 
in  the  War  of  1812  was  aid  de  camp  to  General  Madi- 
son; member  of  the  state  legislature;  elected  as  a 
States  Rights  Democrat  to  the  Eighteenth,  Nine- 
teenth, Twentieth,  Twenty-first,  and  Twenty- 
second  Congresses  (March  4,  1823-March  3,  1833); 
member  of  the  Virginia  constitutional  conventions 
of  1829,  and  1830;  chairman  of  the  Democratic 
national  convention  that  nominated  Franklin 
Pierce  for  the  Presidency  in  1852;  died  in  Culpeper 
county,  Va.,  January  12,  1855. 

Barbour,  John  Strode,  jr.,  a  Representative 
and  a  Senator  from  Virginia;  born  in  Culpeper 
county,  Va.,  December  29,  1820;  attended  the 
common  schools,  and  was  graduated  from  the  law 
school  of  the  University  of  Virginia;  admitted  to 
the  bar,  and  began  practice  in  Culpeper  county; 
elected  to  the  legislature  of  Virginia  in  1847,  and 
reelected  four  times;  in  1852  was  elected  president 
of  what  is  now  known  as  the  Virginia  Midland 
railway  company;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the 
Forty-seventh,  Forty-eighth,  and  Forty-ninth 
Congresses  (March  4,  1881-March  3,  1887);  delegate 
at  large  in  the  Democratic  national  conventions  of 
1884,  and  1888;  member  of  the  Democratic  national 
committee  1884-1892;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the 
United  States  Senate,  and  served  from  March  4, 
1889,  until  his  death  in  Washington,  D.  C.,  May  14, 
1892. 

Barbour,  Lucien,  a  Representative  from  Indi- 
ana; born  in  Canton,  Conn.,  March  4,  1811;  was 
graduated  from  Amherst  college  in  1837 ;  moved  to 
Indiana;  studied  law,  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar 
in  Indianapolis,  Ind.;  appointed  United  States 
district  attorney  for  the  district  of  Indiana;  com- 
missioner to  codify  the  laws  of  Indiana  in  1852; 
elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Thirty-fourth  Con- 
gress (March  4,  1855-March  3,  1857);  died  in 
Canton,  Conn.,  July  19,  1880. 

Barbour,  Philip  Pendleton,  a  Representative 
from  Virginia;  born  in  Orange  county,  Va.,  May  25, 
1783;  attended  county  schools,  and  William  and 
Mary  college ;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar, 
and  practiced  in  Orange  county;  member  of  the 
state  house  of  representatives  1812-1814;  elected  as 
a  Democrat  to  the  Thirteenth  Congress,  to  fill 
vacancy  caused  by  the  death  of  John  Dawson; 
reelected  to  the  Fourteenth,  Fifteenth,  Sixteenth, 
Seventeenth,  and  Eighteenth  Congresses,  and 
served  from  September  19,  1814,  until  he  resigned 
in  February,  1825;  Speaker  of  the  House  of  Repre- 
sentatives in  the  Seventeenth  Congress;  located  in 
Gordonsville,  and  practiced  law;  elected  to  the 
Twentieth  and  Twenty-first  Congresses,  and  served 
from  March  4,  1827,  until  he  resigned,  May  31, 1830; 
president  of  the  Virginia  constitutional  conven- 
tion of  1829 ;  appointed  by  President  Jackson  June 
1,  1830,  judge  of  the  United  States  circuit  court  for 
the  eastern  district  of  Virginia,  and  on  March  15, 
1836,  Associate  Justice  of  the  Supreme  Court,  and 
held  the  position  until  his  death  in  Washington, 
D.  C.,  February  25,  1841. 

Barchfeld,  Andrew  Jackson,  a  Representa- 
tive from  Pennsylvania;  born  in  Pittsburgh,  Pa., 
May  18,  1863;  attended  the  public  schools,  and  the 
Pittsburgh  central  high  school,  and  was  graduated 
from  Jefferson  medical  college,  Philadelphia,  in 
1884;  elected  a  school  director  in  1885;  member  of 
the  common  council  of  Pittsburgh,  1886-1887;  dele- 
gate to  the  Republican  state  conventions  of  1886, 


BIOGKAPHIES. 


457 


1894,  and  1901;  unsuccessful  candicate  for  the 
Fifty-eighth  Congress;  for  many  years  a  member 
of  the  Republican  state  committee;  was  elected 
as  a  Republican  to  the  Fifty-ninth,  Sixtieth,  and 
Sixty-first  Congresses  (March  4,  1905-March  3, 
1911).  Reelected  to  the  Sixty-second  Congress. 

Barclay,  Charles  Frederick,  a  Representative 
from  Pennsylvania;  born  in  Owego,  N.  Y.,  May  9, 
1844;  settled  in  Pennsylvania;  attended  the 
Painted  Post  high  school  and  the  Cpudersport 
academy,  and  became  a  teacher;  enlisted  as  a 
private  in  company  K,  one  hundred  and  forty- 
ninth  Pennsylvania  volunteers,  and  served  three 
years;  was  mustered  out  in  1865  as  a  captain;  with 
an  elder  brother  engaged  in  the  lumber  business 
in  Sinnamahoning;  presidential  elector  in  1892; 
member  of  the  Republican  national  convention  of 
1900;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Sixtieth  and 
Sixty-first  Congresses  (March  4,  1907-March  3, 
1911);  engaged  in  business  in  Washington,  D.  C. 

Barclay,  David,  a  Representative  from  Penn- 
sylvania; native  of  that  state;  attended  Washing- 
ton College;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar, 
and  practiced  in  Kittaning,  Pa.;  one  of  the  editors 
and  publishers  of  the  Pittsburgh  Union  and  Legal 
Journal,  1850-1855;  was  elected  as  a  Democrat  to 
the  Thirty-fourth  Congress  (March  4,  1855-March  3, 
1857);  died  in  Freeport,  Armstrong  county,  Pa., 
September  10,  1889. 

Bard,  David,  a  Representative  from  Pennsyl- 
vania; native  of  that  state;  was  graduated  from 
Princeton  college  in  1773;  studied  theology, 
licensed  to  preach,  and  was  ordained  to  the  Presby- 
terian ministry,  and  installed  as  pastor  of  a  church 
in  Frankstown,  now  Holiday sburg;  elected  to  the 
Fourth  and  Fifth  Congresses  (March  4,  1795- 
March  3,  1799);  reelected  to  the  Eighth,  and  to  the 
five  succeeding  Congresses  (March  4,  1803-March  3, 
1815);  died  in  Alexandria,  Va.,  March  12,  1816; 
interment  in  Sinking  Valley  cemetery,  near  Arch 
Spring,  Blair  county,  Pa. 

Bard,  Thomas  Robert,  a  Senator  from  Cali- 
fornia; born  in  Chambersburg,  Pa.,  December  8, 
1841;  attended  the  common  schools,  and  was 
graduated  from  the  Chambersburg  academy  in 
1858;  before  completing  the  study  of  law  engaged 
in  railroading  in  Hagerstown,  Md.;  went  to  Ven- 
tura county,  Cal.,  in  1864;  supervisor  of  Santa  Bar- 
bara county  1867-1871 ;  was  a  presidential  elector  in 
1880  and  1892;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the 
United  States  Senate  to  fill  vacancy  occasioned 
by  the  expiration  of  the  term  of  Stephen  M. 
White,  March  3,  1899,  and  served  from  March  5, 
1900,  until  March  3,  1905;  director  of  the  state 
board  of  agriculture  1886-1887;  largely  instrumental 
in  the  development  of  the  oil  fields  of  southern 
California;  as  an  engineer  laid  out  the  town  of 
Hueneme;  one  of  the  commissioners  appointed  to 
organize  Ventura  county. 

Barham,  John  All,  a  Representative  from  Cali- 
fornia; born  in  Cass  county,  Mo.,  July  17,  1844; 
moved  with  parents  to  California  in  1849;  attended 
the  common  schools,  and  the  Hesperian  college 
in  Woodland,  Cal.;  taught  in  the  public  schools 
for  three  years;  studied  law,  and  admitted  to  prac- 
tice in  1868;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Fifty- 
fourth,  Fifty-fifth,  and  Fifty-sixth  Congresses 
(March  4,  1895-March  3,  1901);  resumed  the  prac- 
tice of  law  in  Santa  Rosa,  Cal. 


Barker,  Abraham  Andrews,  a  Representative 
from  Pennsylvania;  born  in  Lovell,  Me.,  March  30, 
1816;  attended  the  public  schools;  moved  to  Penn- 
sylvania in  1854  and  engaged  in  the  lumber  trade; 
delegate  in  the  Republican  national  convention 
in  Chicago  in  1860;  elected  as  a  Union  Republican 
to  the  Thirty -ninth  Congress  (March  4,  1865-March 

3,  1867);  died  in  Ebensburg,  Pa.,  March  14,  1898. 

Barker,  David,  jr.,  a  Representative  from  New 
Hampshire;  born  in  Stratham,  N.  H.,  January  8. 
1797 ;  attended  Exeter  academy,  and  was  graduated 
from  Harvard  college  in  1815;  studied  law,  was 
admitted  to  the  bar  in  1819,  and  began  practice  in 
Rochester,  N .  H . ;  served  several  years  as  a  member 
of  the  New  Hampshire  legislature;  elected  to  the 
Twentieth  Congress  (March  4,  1827-March  3,  1829); 
resumed  law  practice;  was  an  original  member  of 
the  New  Hampshire  historical  society;  died  in 
Rochester,  N.  H.,  April  1,  1834. 

Barker,  Joseph,  a  Representative  from  Massa- 
chusetts; born  in  Bransford,  Conn.,  October  19, 
1751;  attended  Harvard  college  two  years  and  was 
graduated  from  Yale  college  in  1771;  studied  the- 
ology, licensed  to  preach  January  3, 1775,  and  was 
ordained  to  the  ministry  December  5,  1781,  and 
installed  as  pastor  of  the  First  church  of  Middle- 
borough,  Plymouth  county,  Mass.;  elected  to  the 
Ninth  and  Tenth  Congresses  (March  4, 1805-March 
3, 1809);  member  of  the  state  legislature  1812-1813; 
died  in  Middleboro,  Mass.,  July  5,  1815. 

Barksdale,  Ethelbert,  a  Representative  from 
Mississippi;  born  in  Rutherford  county,  Tenn.; 
moved  to  Mississippi;  adopted  journalism  as  a  pro- 
fession; conducted  the  official  journal  of  the  Btate 
1854-1861,  and  1876-1883;  member  of  the  Confed- 
erate congress;  delegate  in  the  Democratic  na- 
tional conventions  of  1860,  1868,  1872,  and  1880; 
presidential  elector  on  the  Democratic  ticket  in 
1876,  and  president  of  the  state  electoral  college; 
chairman  of  the  Democratic  state  executive  com- 
mittee 1877-1879;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the 
Forty-eighth  and  Forty-ninth  Congresses  (March 

4,  1883-March  3,  1887);  died  in   Yazoo,   Miss., 
February  17,  1893. 

Barksdale,  William,  a  Representative  from 
Mississippi;  born  in  Rutherford  county,  Tenn., 
August  21,  1821;  attended  the  University  of  Nash- 
ville; studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1839, 
and  practiced  in  Columbus,  Miss.;  editor  of  the  Co- 
lumbus Democrat;  served  in  the  Mexican  war  ae 
quartermaster  of  the  Mississpipi  volunteers;  dele- 
gate in  the  Democratic  national  convention  in  1852; 
elected  as  a  State's  Rights  Democrat  to  the  Thirty- 
third,  Thirty-fourth,  Thirty-fifth,  and  Thirty-sixth 
Congresses,  and  served  from  March  4,  1853,  until 
January  12, 1861,  when  he  resigned  to  enter  the  Con- 
federate army;  accompanied  Representative  Pres- 
ton S.  Brooks,  of  South  Carolina,  to  the  Senate 
chamber  when  the  latter  made  an  attack  upon  Sen- 
ator Sumner,  of  Massachusetts,  and  made^himself 
somewhat  conspicuous  in  preventing  the  interfer- 
ence of  others  present;  made  brigadier  general 
August  12,  1862;  commanded  a  Mississippi  brigade 
in  Longstreet's  corps;  killed  in  the  battle  of  Get- 
tysburg, Pa.,  July  2,  1863. 

Barlow,  Bradley,  a  Representative  from  Ver- 
mont; born  in  Fairfield,  Vt.,  May  12,  1814,  and 
engaged  in  business  there  until  1858,  when  he 
moved  to  St.  Albans,  Vt.;  for  twenty  years  he  was 
active  in  banking,  and  other  pursuits;  president 


458 


CONGRESSIONAL   DIRECTORY. 


of  the  Vermont  National  bank,  and  interested  in 
railroad  enterprises;  six  times  elected  a  member  of 
the  state  house  of  representatives,  and  twice  elected 
a  state  senator;  twice  elected  a  member  of  state 
constitutional  conventions;  several  years  county 
treasurer;  elected  as  a  National  Republican  to  the 
Forty-sixth  Congress  (March 4, 1879-March3, 1881). 

Barlow,  Charles  Averill,  a  Representative 
from  California;  born  in  Cleveland,  Ohio,  March  17, 
1858;  attended  the  common  schools  of  that 
city;  moved  to  Ventura,  Cal.,  in  1875;  removed  to 
San  Luis  Obispo  county,  where  he  engaged  in 
wheat  farming;  elected  to  the  state  assembly  in 
1893;  with  J.  K.  Tuley,  published  The  Reasoner, 
in  San  Luis  Obispo;  chairman  of  the  People's 
Party  state  convention  in  1896;  elected  to  the 
Fifty-fifth  Congress  (March  4,  1897-March  3,  1899); 
engaged  in  business  in  Bakersfield,  Cal. 

Barlow,  Stephen,  a  Representative  from  Penn- 
sylvania; native  of  that  state;  was  elected  to  the 
Twentieth  Congress  (March  4, 1827-March  3,  1829). 

Barnard,  Daniel  Dewey,  a  Representative 
from  New  York;  born  in  Berkshire  county,  Mass.; 
July  16, 1797;  was  graduated  from  Williams  college 
in  1818;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in 
1821,  and  began  practice  in  Rochester,  N .  Y. ;  prose- 
cuting attorney  in  1826;  elected  to  the  Twentieth 
Congress  (March  4,  1827-March  3, 1829);  moved  to 
Albany,  N.  Y.,  in  1832;  member  of  the  state  assem- 
bly; elected  as  a  Whig  to  the  Twenty-sixth, 
Twenty-seventh,  and  Twenty-eighth  Congresses, 
and  served  from  March  4,  1839,  to  March  3,  1845; 
minister  to  Prussia  1850-1853;  died  in  Albany, 
N.  Y.,  April  24,  1861. 

Barnard,  Isaac  Button,  a  Senator  from  Penn- 
sylvania; born  in  Aston  township,  Delaware 
county,  Pa.,  March  22,  1791;  moved  with  parents 
to  a  farm  near  Chester,  Pa.;  attended  the  public 
schools;  moved  with  parents  to  Chester,  and  later 
to  Philadelphia,  where  he  remained  until  1811, 
when  he  returned  to  Chester;  while  studying  law 
was  appointed  captain  and  major  in  the  Fourteenth 
United  States  infantry,  March  12, 1812,  and  served 
during  the  war;  especially  distinguished  himself  in 
the  engagements  of  Lyons  Creek  and  Fort  George; 
resumed  his  legal  studies,  and  in  1816  was  admitted 
to  the  bar;  began  practice  in  West  Chester,  Pa.,  in 
May,  1816;  deputy  attorney  general  1817-1821; 
State  senator  in  1820;  secretary  of  s-tate  in  1826; 
elected  to  the  United  States  Senate  and  served 
from  March  4,  1827,  until  December  6,  1831,  when 
he  resigned;  died  in  West  Chester,  Pa.,  February 
18,  1834. 

Barnard,  William  Oscar,  a  Representative 
from  Indiana;  born  in  Union  county,  Ind.,  Octo- 
ber 25,  1852;  attended  the  common  schools,  and 
Spiceland  academy;  taught  school;  studied  law, 
was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced  practice 
in  Newcastle,  Ind.;  prosecuting  attorney  1886- 
1892;  judge  of  the  circuit  court  of  Indiana  1896- 
1902;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Sixty-first 
Congress  (March  4,  1909-March  3,  1911);  resumed 
the  practice  of  law  in  Newcastle,  Ind. 

Barnes,  Demas,  a  Representative  from  New 
York;  born  in  Gorham  township,  Ontario  county, 
N.  Y.,  April  4,  1827;  completed  an  academic 
course;  moved  to  New  York  City  in  1849,  and  en- 
gaged in  the  drug  business;  crossed  the  continent 
in  a  wagon  and  examined  the  mineral  resources 
of  Colorado,  Nevada,  and  California,  and  wrote 


articles,  and  published  works  concerning  his  ex- 
periences; elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Fortieth 
Congress  (March  4,  1867-March  3,  1869);  died  in 
New  York  City,  May  1,  1888. 

Barnes,  George  Thomas,  a  Representative 
from  Georgia ;  born  in  Richmond  county ,  Ga . ,  August 
14,  1833;  attended  the  Richmond  county  academy, 
Franklin  college,  and  was  graduated  from  the  Uni- 
versity of  Georgia  in  1853;  studied  law,  was  ad- 
mitted to  the  bar  in  1855,  and  began  practice  in 
Augusta;  served  in  the  Confederate  army;  mem- 
ber of  the  state  house  of  representatives  of  Georgia 
1860-1865;  member  of  the  Democratic  national 
committee  from  Georgia  1876-1884;  elected  as  a 
Democrat  to  the  Forty-ninth,  Fiftieth,  and  Fifty- 
first  Congresses  (March  4, 1885-March  3, 1891);  died 
in  Augusta,  Ga.,  October  24,  1901. 

Barnes,  Lyman  Eddy,  a  Representative  from 
Wisconsin;  born  in  Weyauwega,  Waupaca  county, 
Wis.,  June  30,  1855;  attended  the  public  schools; 
admitted  to  the  bar  in  1876,  after  four  years'  study 
in  a  law  office  and  in  Columbia  college  law  school, 
New  York,  and  began  practice  in  Appleton,  Wis.,  in 
1876;  formed  a  partnership  with  Judge  Goodland 
that  continued  until  1882;  moved  to  Rockledge, 
Brevard  county,  Fla.,  where  he  remained  about 
five  years,  and  practiced  law;  returned  to  Appleton, 
and  was  elected  district  attorney  of  Outagamie 
county;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Fifty-third 
Congress  (March  4,  1893-March  3,  1895);  died  in 
Appleton,  Wis.,  January  16,  1904. 

Barnett,  William,  a  Representative  from  Geor- 
gia; native  of  Virginia;  moved  to  Georgia,  and  was 
elected  as  a  State's  Rights  Democrat  to  the  Twelfth 
Congress,  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of 
Howell  Cobb ;  reelected  to  the  Thirteenth  Congress, 
and  served  from  November  27,  1812,  to  March  3, 
1815;  served  in  the  state  legislature,  and  was 
president  of  the  state  senate. 

Barney,  John,  a  Representative  from  Mary- 
land; born  in  Baltimore,  Md.,  in  1784;  assistant 
district  quartermaster  general  in  the  United  States 
army  August  15,  1814,  to  June  15,  1815;  elected  to 
the  Nineteenth  and  Twentieth  Congresses  (March 
4,  1825-March  3, 1829);  died  in  Washington,  D.  C., 
January  25,  1857. 

Barney,  Samuel  Stebbins,  a  Representative 
from  Wisconsin;  born  in  Hartford,  Washington 
county,  Wis.,  January  31,  1846;  attended  the 
public  schools,  and  Lombard  university,  Gales- 
burg,  111. ;  taught  in  the  high  school  in  Hartford  for 
four  years;  began  the  study  of  law  in  West  Bend  in 
1870,  and  was  admitted  to  practice  in  1873;  super- 
intendent of  schools  of  Washington  county  1876- 
1880;  delegate  in  the  Republican  national  conven- 
tion in  Chicago;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the 
Fifty-fourth,  Fifty-fifth,  Fifty-sixth,  and  Fifty- 
seventh  Congresses  (March  4,  1895-March  3,  1903); 
appointed  judge  of  the  Court  of  Claims,  Washing- 
ton, D.  C.,  in  1904. 

Barnhart,  Henry  A.,  a  Representative  from 
Indiana;  born  near  Twelve  Mile,  Ind.,  September 
11,  1858;  attended  the  common  schools,  Amboy 
academy,  and  Wabash  normal  training  school; 
moved  to  Fulton  county;  elected  county  surveyor, 
and  a  year  later  purchased  the  Rochester  Sentinel ; 
president  and  manager  of  the  Rochester  Telephone 
Company,  and  president  of  the  National  telephone 
association;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Sixtieth 
Congress,  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  the  death  of 


BIOGJRAPHIES. 


459 


Abram  L.  Brick;  reelected  to  the  Sixty-first  Con- 
gress, and  served  from  April  8,  1908,  to  March 
3,  1911.  Reelected  to  the  Sixty-second  Congress. 

Barnitz,  Charles  A.,  a  Representative  from 
Pennsylvania;  born  in  York,  Pa.,  September  11, 
1780;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1811, 
and  began  practice  in  York;  member  of  the  state 
senate  1815-1819;  elected  as  a  Whig  to  the 
Twenty-third  Congress  (March  4,  1833-March  3, 
1835);  died  in  York,  Pa.,  January  8,  1850. 

Barnum,  William  Henry,  a  Representative  and 
a  Senator  from  Connecticut;  born  in  Boston  Corners, 
Columbia  county,  N.  Y.,  September  17,  1818; 
attended  public  school;  apprenticed  to  the  iron- 
founders'  trade,  and  subsequently  engaged  in  the 
manufacture  of  iron;  member  of  the  Connecticut 
legislature  1851-1852;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to 
the  Fortieth,  Forty-first,  Forty -second,  P'orty-third, 
and  Forty-fourth  Congresses,  and  served  from 
March  4,  1867,  until  May  12,  1876,  when  he  re- 
signed; elected  to  the  United  States  Senate,  to  fill 
vacancy  caused  by  the  death  of  Orris  S.  Ferry,  and 
took  his  seat  May  22,  1876,  and  served  until  March 
3, 1879 ;  delegate  in  the  Democratic  national  conven- 
tions of  1868,  1872,  1876,  1880,  and  1884;  chairman 
of  the  Democratic  national  executive  committee 
1880-1884;  died  in  Lime  Rock,  Conn.,  April  30, 1889. 

Barnwell,  Robert,  a  Representative  from 
South  Carolina;  born  in  Beaufort,  S.  C.,  in  1762; 
volunteered  for  the  Revolutionary  war  when  sixteen 
years  of  age,  and  was  seriously  wounded  in  the  fight 
at  Port  Royal;  was  taken  prisoner,  and  confined  in 
a  prison  ship  on  Cape  Fear  river,  N.  C.,  but  with 
his  fellow  prisoners  organized  a  revolt,  overpowered 
the  guards,  captured  the  ship,  and  made  their 
escape;  member  of  the  convention  of  South  Caro- 
lina for  the  adoption  of  the  Federal  constitution; 
was  elected  to  the  Second  Congress  (March  4,  1791- 
March  3,  1793);  declined  a  renomination;  mem- 
ber of  the  state  legislature  for  many  years;  was 
speaker  of  the  lower  house  in  1795,  and  president 
of  the  upper  house  in  1805;  died  in  Beaufort, 
S.  C.,  in  1814. 

Barnwell,  Robert  Woodward,  a  Representa- 
tive and  a  Senator  from  South  Carolina;  born  in 
Beaufort,  S.  C.,  August  10,  1801;  was  graduated 
from  Harvard  college  in  1821;  studied  law,  was 
admitted  to  the  bar,  and  practiced;  elected  to 
the  Twenty-first  and  Twenty-second  Congresses 
(March  4, 1829-March  3, 1833);  appointed  a  United 
States  Senator,  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  the  death 
of  FranklinH.  Elmore,  and  served  from  June  4, 1850, 
to  December  8,  1850;  was  a  member  of  the  Nash- 
ville convention  of  1850;  commissioner  from  South 
Carolina  to  the  Federal  Government  regarding  the 
secession  of  that  state  in  December,  1860;  was  a 
delegate  in  the  convention  of  the  seceding  states  in 
Montgomery,  Ala.,  and  his  was  the  casting  vote 
that  made  Jefferson  Davis  president  of  the  Southern 
Confederacy;  member  of  the  provincial  congress  of 
the  Confederate  states;  died  in  Columbia,  S.  C., 
November  24,  1882. 

Barr,  Samuel  Fleming,  a  Representative  from 
Pennsylvania;  born  near  Coleraine,  county  Antrim, 
Ireland,  June  15,  1829;  came  with  parents  to  the 
United  States  in  1831;  attended  common  schools; 
freight  agent  of  the  Pittsburgh,  Fort  Wayne  & 
Chicago  railroad  1855-1856 ;  early  in  the  Civil  war 
was  employed  upon  the  Government  railways  in 
and  about  Washington ;  was  for  five  years  editor  of 
the  Harrisburg  (Pa.)  Telegraph,  until  1878;  was 


elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Forty-seventh  and 
Forty-eighth  Congresses  (March  4,  1881-March  3, 
1885);  located  in  Seal  Harbor,  Me.,  and  retired. 

Barr,  Thomas  Jefferson,  a  Representative  from 
New  York;  born  in  New  York  City  in  1812;  at- 
tended the  public  schools ;  was  assistant  alderman 
1849-1850;  alderman  1852-1853;  served  in  the  state 
senate  in  1853 ;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Thirty- 
fifth  Congress,  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation 
of  John  Kelly;  reelected  to  the  Thirty-sixth  Con- 

fress  as  an  independent  Democrat;   served  from 
anuary  17, 1859,  to  March  3, 1861;  police  commis- 
sioner of  New  York  City  1870-1873;  employed  in 
customhouse;  died  in  New  York  City,  March  27, 
1881;  interred  in  Calvary  Cemetery,  Long  Island. 

Barrere,  Granyille,  a  Representative  from  Illi- 
nois; born  near  Hillsboro,  Highland  county,  Ohio, 
July  11,  1829;  attended  the  public  school  and  the 
colleges  in  Augusta,  Ky.,  and  Marietta,  Ohio; 
studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  Chilli- 
cothe,  Ohio,  in  1853;  and  began  practicing  in 
Marion,  Ark.,  but  remained  there  less  than  two 
years;  removed  to  Bloomington,  and  then  to 
Canton,  111.;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Forty- 
third  Congress  (March  4,  1873-March  3,  1875);  died 
in  Canton,  111.,  January  13,  1889. 

Barrere,  Nelson,  a  Representative  from  Ohio; 
born  in  New  Marshfield,  Ohio,  April  1,  1808;  was 
graduated , from  Augusta  college,  Ky.,  in  1830; 
studied  law  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  De- 
cember, 1833;  member  of  the  general  assembly  of 
Ohio  1837-1838;  was  elected  as  a  Whig  to  the 
Thirty-second  Congress  (March  4,  1851-March  3, 
1853);  died  in  Hillsboro,  Highland  county,  Ohio, 
August  20,  1883. 

Barret,  James  Richard,  a  Representative  from 
Missouri ;  born  in  Kentucky  August  21, 1827 ;  moved 
to  St.  Louis,  Mo.;  was  graduated  from  the  St.  Louis 
university  in  1843;  became  identified  with  the 
St.  Louis  agricultural  society,  and  organized  its 
successful  exhibitions;  presented  credentials  as  a 
Democratic  member-elect  to  the  Thirty -sixth  Con- 
gress, and  served  from  March  4,  1859,  to  June  8, 
1860,  when  he  was  succeeded  by  Francis  P.  Blair, 
who  contested  his  election;  subsequently  elected 
to  the  same  Congress,  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  the 
resignation  of  Francis  P.  Blair,  and  his  second 
service  was  from  December  3,  1860,  to  March  3, 
1861;  died  in  New  York  City,  November  3,  1903. 

Barrett,  William  Emerson,  a  Representative 
from  Massachusetts;  born  in  Melrose,  Mass.,  Decem- 
ber 29,  1858;  attended  the  public  schools;  was 
graduated  from  Dartmouth  college  in  1880 ;  assistant 
editor  of  the  St.  Albans  Daily  Messenger;  joined  the 
staff  of  the  Boston  Daily  Advertiser  in  1882;  Wash- 
ington correspondent  of  the  Boston  Advertiser 
1882-1886;  recalled  to  Boston  to  become  editor  in 
chief,  and  in  1888  became  chief  proprietor  and 
manager  of  the  Boston  Daily  Advertiser  and  the 
Boston  Evening  Record;  elected  to  the  Massachu- 
setts legislature  1887-1892;  speaker  four  years; 
elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Fifty-fourth  and 
Fifty-fifth  Congresses  (March  4,  1893-March  3, 
1897);  returned  to  Boston  and  to  newspaper  pub- 
lishing; was  president  of  a  bank  in  Medford,  Mass., 
and  president  of  a  trust  company  located  in  Boston; 
died  in  Newton,  Mass.,  February  12,  1906. 

Barringer,  Daniel  Laurens,  a  Representative 
from  North  Carolina;  born  in  "Poplar  Grove," 
Cabarrus  county,  N.  C.,  October  1,  1788;  studied 


CONGRESSIONAL   DIRECTORY. 


law  and  began  practice  in  Wake  county;  member 
of  the  house  of  commons  of  North  Carolina  in  1813- 
1814,  and  1819-1822;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the 
Nineteenth  Congress,  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  the 
resignation  of  Willie  Mangum;  reelected  to  the 
Twentieth,  Twenty-first,  Twenty -second,  and 
Twenty-third  Congresses;  served  from  March  4, 
1826,  to  March  3,  1835;  moved  to  Tennessee  and 
became  a  member  of  the  legislature,  and  speaker 
of  the  assembly,  and  served  until  his  death,  in 
Nashville,  Tenn.,  October  16,  1852. 

Barringer,  Daniel  Moreau,  a  Representative 
from  North  Carolina;  born  in  "Poplar  Grove," 
near  Concord,  Cabarrus  county,  N.  C.,  July  30, 
1806;  was  graduated  from  the  University  of  North 
Carolina  in  1826;  studied  law  in  Hillsboro,  and 
began  practicing  in  Concord,  N.  C..  in  1829;  member 
of  the  house  of  commons  of  North  Carolina  in  1829- 
1834,  1840,  and  1842;  member  of  the  state  constitu- 
tional convention  of  1835;  elected  as  a  Whig  to  the 
Twenty-eighth,  Twenty -ninth,  and  Thirtieth  Con- 
gresses (March  4,  1843-March  3,  1849);  declined  a 
renomination;  appointed  by  President  Taylor,  and 
reappointed  by  President  Fillmore  minister  to 
Spain,  and  served  from  June  18,  1849,  until  Sep- 
tember 4,  1853;  in  1854  elected  to  the  state  house 
of  representatives;  delegate  in  the  peace  congress 
in  1861;  delegate  in  the  National  Union  convention 
in  Philadelphia  in  August,  1866;  chairman  of  the 
state  Democratic  committee  in  1872 ;  died  at  White 
Sulphur  Springs,  Va.,  September!,  1873;  interment 
in  Green  Mount  cemetery,  Baltimore,  Md. 

Barrow,  Alexander,  a  Senator  from  Louisiana; 
born  near  Nashville,  Tenn.,  in  1801;  attended  the 
West  Point  military  academy  for  a  short  time; 
studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  began 
practice  in  Louisiana;  served  several  years  in  the 
state  legislature;  elected  to  the  United  States 
Senate  as  a  Whig  and  served  from  March  4, 1841, 
until  his  death,  in  Baltimore,  Md.,  December  29, 
1846. 

Barrow,  Pope,  a  Senator  from  Georgia;  born 
in  Oglethrope  county,  Ga.,  August  1,  1839;  was 
graduated  from  the  University  of  Georgia  in  1859 
and  in  the  law  class  of  1860;  admitted  to  the  bar 
and  practiced  law;  entered  the  Confederate  service 
in  1861  as  aid  de  camp  to  Maj.  Gen.  Howell  Cobb; 
resumed  the  practice  of  law  in  Athens;  member  of 
the  constitutional  convention  of  1877  and  of  the 
the  state  legislature  of  Georgia  in  1880-81; 
elected  to  the  United  States  Senate  November  15, 
1882,  to  fill  the  vacancy  caused  by  the  death  of 
Benjamin  H.  Hill,  and  served  from  November  15, 
1882,  to  March  3,  1883;  resumed  the  practice  of 
law  in  Savannah,  Ga. ;  judge  of  the  eastern  judicial 
circuit  of  Georgia;  died  in  Savannah,  Ga.,  Decem- 
ber 23,  1903. 

Barrow,  Washington,  a  Representative  from 
Tennessee;  born  in  Davidson  county,  Tenn.,  Octo- 
ber 5,  1817;  studied  law  and  practiced;  min- 
ister to  Portugal  from  August  16,  1841,  to  February 
24,  1844;  elected  as  a  Whig  to  the  Thirtieth  Con- 
gress (March  4,  1847-March  3,  1849);  edited  The 
Nashville  Banner;  state  senator  in  1860-1861; 
prominently  identified  with  the  Confederacy  dur- 
ing the  Civil  War,  and  arrested  by  order  of  Gov. 
Andrew  Johnson,  March  28,  1862,  and  imprisoned 
in  Nashville ;  released  the  following  week  by  order 
of  President  Lincoln;  died  in  St.  Louis,  Mo., 
October  19,  1866. 


Barrows,  Samuel  June,  a  Representative 
from  Massachusetts;  born  in  New  York  City,  May 
26,  1845;  after  attending  primary  school  was 
graduated  from  the  Harvard  divinity  school  in 
the  fall  of  1871;  while  at  Harvard  was  Boston 
correspondent  of  the  New  York  Tribune;  went 
with  the  Yellowstone  expedition  of  1873,  under 
the  command  of  General  Stanley,  and  the  Black 
Hills  expedition  in  1874,  commanded  by  General 
Custer;  took  part  in  1873  in  the  battles  of  Tongue 
River  and  the  Big  Horn;  pastor  of  the  first  parish, 
Dorchester  (Boston),  Mass.,  in  1876;  resigned  in 
1881  to  become  editor  of  the  Christian  Register, 
which  position  he  held  for  sixteen  years;  American 
representative  in  the  international  prisons  con- 
gress of  1896;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the 
Fifty-fifth  Congress  (March  4,  1897-March  3,  1899); 
died  in  New  York  City,  April  21,  1909. 

Barry,  Frederick  George,  a  Representative 
from  Mississippi;  born  in  Wopdbury,  Tenn.,  Jan- 
uary 12,  1845;  served  as  a  private  in  the  Confed- 
erate army;  studied  law,  admitted  to  the  bar,  and 
practiced;  member  of  the  state  senate  of  Mississippi 
1875-1879;  Democratic  elector  at  large  for  the  state 
of  Mississippi  in  1880;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the 
Forty-ninth  and  Fiftieth  Congresses  (March  4, 
1885-March  3,  1889);  resumed  the  practice  of  law 
in  Woodbury  and  in  West  Point,  Miss.,  and  died  in 
the  last  named  city,  May  7,  1909. 

Barry,  Henry  W.,  a  Representative  from 
Mississippi;  born  in  New  York  City  in  1835;  was 
graduated  from  the  Columbian  law  college,  Wash- 
ington, D.  C.,  enlisted  in  the  Union  army;  organ- 
ized a  regiment  of  colored  troops  in  Kentucky; 
first  lieutenant  tenth  Kentucky  infantry  Novem- 
ber 21,  1861;  colonel  eighth  United  States  colored 
artillery  April  28,  1864;  brevet  brigadier  general  of 
volunteers  March  13,  1865,  "for  faithful  and  meri- 
torious service  during  the  war";  mustered  out  May 
11,  1866;  member  of  the  Mississippi  state  constitu- 
tional convention  in  1867;  elected  to  the  state 
senate  in  1868 ;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Forty- 
first,  Forty-second,  and  Forty-third  Congresses,  and 
served  from  April  8,  1870,  to  March  3,  1875;  died 
in  Washington,  D.  C.,  June  7,  1875. 

Barry,  William  Taylor,  a  Representative  and 
a  Senator  from  Kentucky;  born  in  Lunenburg 
county,  ya.,  February  15,  1784;  was  graduated 
from  William  and  Mary  college  in  1803;  studied  law 
and  began  practice  in  Lexington,  Ky.;  served  in 
both  branches  of  the  state  legislature;  elected  as  a 
Democrat  to  the  Eleventh  Congress  to  fill  a  vacancy 
caused  by  the  resignation  of  Benjamin  Howard,  and 
served  from  December  13,  1810,  to  March  3,  1811; 
in  the  War  of  1812  he  was  aid  to  Governor  Shelby, 
and  was  present  at  the  battle  of  the  Thames,  Octo- 
ber 5,  1813;  elected  to  the  United  States  Senate  to 
fill  vacancy  caused  by  the  resignation  of  George  M. 
Bibb,  and  served  from  December  16,  1814,  until  he 
resigned  in  1816  to  become  judge  of  the  supreme 
court  of  Kentucky;  elected  lieutenant  governor; 
secretary  of  state  of  Kentucky;  appointed  professor 
of  law  and  politics  in  Transylvania  university, 
Lexington,  in  1821;  chief  justice  of  the  supreme 
court  of  Kentucky;  appointed  Postmaster  General 
by  President  Jackson,  March  9,  1829,  and  resigned 
April  10,  1835;  was  appointed  minister  to  Spain; 
died  in  Liverpool,  England,  August  30,  1835, 
while  upon  the  way  to  Madrid ;  interment  in  Frank- 
fort, Ky. 

Barry,  William  Taylor  Sullivan,  a  Representa- 
tive from  Mississippi;  born  in  Columbus,  Miss., 


BIOGRAPHIES. 


461 


December  10,  1821 ;  was  graduated  from  Yale  col- 
lege in  1841;  studied  law  and  practiced  in  Colum- 
bus; member  of  lower  house  of  the  state  legislature 
1849-1851;  owner  of  several  plantations;  elected  as 
a  Democrat  to  the  Thirty-third  Congress  (March  4, 
1853-March  3, 1855) ;  president  of  the  state  secession 
convention  of  1861;  again  a  member  of  the^  state 
legislature  and  speaker  of  the  house  in  1855 ;  mem- 
ber of  the  provisional  Confederate  congress ;  entered 
the  Confederate  service  and  raised  the  Thirty-fifth 
Mississippi  volunteers,  at  times  acting  commander 
of  the  brigade;  captured  at  Mobile  April  12,  1865; 
after  the  war  resumned  the  practice  of  law  in 
Columbus,  Miss.,  and  died  there  January  29,  1868. 

Barstow,  Gamaliel  H.,  a  Representative  from 
New  York;  born  in  Sharon,  Litchfield  county, 
Conn.,  July  20,  1784;  moved  to  Tioga  county,  N. 
Y.,  in  1812;  studied  and  practiced  medicine;  state 
treasurer  of  New  York  1825-1828;  member  of  the 
state  assembly  1816-1819;  state  senator  1819-1822; 
again  a  member  of  the  assembly  1823-1826;  ap- 
pointed first  judge  of  the  Tioga  county  court  in 
1818,  and  served  until  1823;  state  treasurer  1825 
and  again  in  1838;  elected  to  the  Twenty-second 
Congress  (March  4,  1831-March  3,  1833);  died  in 
Nichols,  N.  Y.,  March  30,  1865. 

Barstow,  Gideon,  a  Representative  from 
Massachusetts;  born  in  Mattapoisett,  Plymouth 
county,  Mass.,  September  7,  1783;  attended  the 
common  schools,  and  was  graduated  from  Brown 
university  in  1801;  studied  medicine,  was  admitted 
to  practice,  and  settled  as  a  physician  in  Salem, 
Mass.;  member  of  the  state  constitutional  conven- 
tion in  1820;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Seven- 
teenth Congress  (March  4,  1821-March  3,  1823); 
member  of  the  state  house  of  representatives  in 
1823, 1829. 1833,  and  1837 ;  served  in  the  state  senate 
in  1827  and  1834;  Democratic  presidential  elector 
in  1832;  died  in  St.  Augustine,  Fla.,  March  26, 1852. 

Bartholdt,  Richard,  a  Representative  from 
Missouri;  born  in  Germany  November  2,  1855; 
came  to  this  country  when  a  boy;  learned  the 
printing  trade  and  became  a  newspaper  owner 
and  publisher;  connected  with  several  papers  as 
reporter,  legislative  correspondent,  and  editor, 
and  at  the  time  of  his  election  to  Congress  was 
editor  in  chief  of  the  St.  Louis  Tribune;  elected 
to  the  board  of  public  schools  of  St.  Louis,  and  in 
November,  1891,  chosen  its  president;  president  of 
the  Interparliamentary  Union  in  1904,  and  for 
many  years  president  of  the  arbitration  group  in 
Congress,  which  he  founded  in  1904;  elected  as  a 
Republican  to  the  Fifty- third,  and  to  the  eight  suc- 
ceeding Congresses  (March  4,  1893-March  3,  1911). 
Reelected  to  the  Sixty-second  Congress. 

Bartine,  Horace  F.,  a  Representative  from 
Nevada;  born  in  New  York  City,  March  21,  1848; 
attended  the  common  schools  until  fifteen  years  of 
age,  when  he  enlisted  as  a  private  in  the  Eighth 
New  Jersey  Regiment  and  served  during  the  last 
two  years  of  the  Civil  War;  participated  in  many  of 
the  engagements  of  the  Army  of  the  Potomac;  in 
1869  moved  to  Nevada;  from  1869  to  1876  engaged  in 
the  manufacture  of  sulphate  of  copper  for  milling 
purposes;  in  1876  began  the  study  of  law  and  was 
admitted  to  the  bar  in  1880,  and  practiced  in  the 
courts  of  Nevada;  served  as  district  attorney  of 
Ormsby  county;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the 
Fifty-first  and  Fifty-second  Congresses  (March  4 
1889-March  3,  1893). 

Bartlett,  Bailey,  a  Representative  from  Massa- 
chusetts; born  in  Haverhill,  Mass.,  January  29, 


1750;  attended  the  public  schools;  member  of  the 
state  house  of  representatives  1781-1783;  delegate 
to  the  state  convention  to  ratify  the  Federal  con- 
stitution in  1787;  in  1788  again  a  member  of  the 
state  house  of  representatives  and  in  1789  of  the 
state  senate;  in  1789  appointed  high  sheriff  of  Essex 
county  and  held  the  office  40  years;  treasurer  of 
Essex  county;  elected  as  a  P'ederalist  to  the  Fifth 
Congress,  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  the  resignation 
of  Theophilus  Bradbury;  reelected  to  the  Sixth 
Congress,  and  served  from  November  27,  1797,  to 
March  3,  1801 ;  delegate  to  the  state  constitutional 
convention  in  1820;  died  in  Haverhill,  Mass., 
September  9,  1830. 

Bartlett,  Charles  Lafayette,  a  Representa- 
tive from  Georgia;  was  born  in  Monticello,  Jasper 
County,  Ga.,  January  31,  1853;  moved  from  Monti- 
cello  to  Macon  in  1875;  attended  the  schools  of  that 
city;  was  graduated  from  the  University  of  Georgia 
in  1870;  studied  law  at  the  University  of  Virginia 
and  admitted  to  the  bar  in  August,  1872;  appointed 
solicitor  general  for  the  Macon  judicial  court  Janu- 
ary 31, 1877,  and  served  in  that  capacity  until  Janu- 
ary 31, 1881;  elected  to  the  house  of  representatives 
of  Georgia  in  1882-1883,  and  again  in  1884-1885, 
and  to  the  state  senate  in  1888-1889;  elected  judge 
of  the  superior  court  of  the  Macon  circuit  January  1, 
1893,  and  resigned  that  office  May  1,  1894;  elected 
as  a  Democrat  to  the  Fifty-fourth,  and  to  the  seven 
succeeding  Congresses,  and  served  from  March  4, 
1895,  to  March  3, 1911.  Reelected  to  the  Sixty-second 
Congress. 

Bartlett,  Franklin,  a  Representative  from 
New  York;  born  in  Worcester  county,  Mass.,  Sep- 
tember 10,  1847;  was  graduated  from  the  Brooklyn 
polytechnic  institute  in  1865,  and  from  Harvard 
college  in  1869;  entered  the  Columbia  college  law 
school  in  the  autumn  of  1869;  admitted  to  the  bar 
in  1870;  student  in  Exeter  college,  Oxford  uni- 
versity, England,  in  1870-1871;  in  1872-1873  con- 
cluded the  course  at  Columbia  college  law  school; 
in  1890  served  as  a  member  of  the  constitutional 
commission  of  the  State  of  New  York;  delegate 
from  New  York  to  the  Democratic  national  con- 
vention in  1892;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Fifty- 
third  and  Fifty -fourth  Congresses  (March  4,  1893- 
March  3,  1897);  colonel  of  volunteers  in  the  War 
with  Spain  in  1898;  died  in  New  York  City,  April 
23,  1909. 

Bartlett,  George  Arthur,  a  Representative 
from  Nevada;  born  in  San  Francisco,  Cal.,  Novem- 
ber 30,  1869;  attended  the  common  schools  of  Ne- 
vada and  was  graduated  from  the  law  department 
of  Georgetown  university,  Washington,  D.  C.,  in 
1894;  district  attorney  of  Eureka  county,  Nevada, 
1889-1890;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Sixtieth 
and  Sixty-first  Congresses  (March  4,  1907-March  3, 
1911);  resumed  the  practice  of  law  in  Reno,  Nev. 

Bartlett,  Ichabod,  a  Representative  from  New 
Hampshire;  born  in  Salisbury,  N.  H.,  July  24, 1786; 
was  graduated  from  Dartmouth  college  in  1808; 
studied  law  and  in  1811  was  admitted  to  the  bar  and 
commenced  practice  in  Durham,  but  in  1816  moved 
to  Portsmouth;  member  of  the  state  house  of  repre- 
sentatives for  seven  terms  and  served  as  speaker  in 
1 82 1 ;  elected  as  an  Anti-D  emocrat  to  the  Eighteenth , 
Nineteenth,  and  Twentieth  Congresses  (March  4, 
1823-March  3,  1829);  declined  the  appointment  of 
chief  justice  of  the  court  of  common  pleas  in  1825; 
in  1830  reelected  a  member  of  the  state  house  of 
representatives^  1832,  1851,  and  1852;  member  of 
the  state  constitutional  convention  in  1850;  died 
in  Portsmouth,  N.  H.,  October  19,  1853. 


462 


CONGRESSIONAL   DIRECTORY. 


Bartlett,  Josiah,  a  Delegate  from  New  Hamp- 
shire; bom  in  Amesbury,  Mass.,  November  21, 
1729;  attended  the  public  school;  studied  medi- 
cine and  began  practice  in  Kingston;  filled  several 
local  offices  under  the  royal  Government;  member 
of  the  colonial  legislature  of  New  Hampshire  1765- 
1775;  delegate  in  the  Continental  Congress  in  1775- 
1776;  second  signer  of  the  Declaration  of  Inde- 
pendence; again  elected  to  the  Continental  Con- 
gress, 1778,  but  resigned  in  1778  and  became  chief 
justice  of  the  state;  in  1789  elected  to  the  United 
States  Senate  from  New  Hampshire,  but  declined, 
and  at  the  same  time  resigned  as  chief  justice; 
elected  president  of  the  State  of  New  Hampshire 
in  1790,  and  served  three  years;  member  of  the 
constitutional  convention  of  1792,  which  substi- 
tuted the  title  of  governor  for  that  of  president; 
was  first  governor  of  New  Hampshire  in  1793;  died 
in  Kingston,  N.  H.,  May  19,  1795. 

Bartlett,  Josiah,  jr.,  a  Representative  from 
New  Hampshire;  born  in  Kingston,  N.  H., 
December  16,  1788;  studied  medicine  and  began 
practice  in  Stratham,  N.  H.;  presidential  elector 
on  the  Washington  ticket  in  1793,  and  again  in 
1825  on  the  John  Quincy  Adams  ticket;  elected  to 
the  Twelfth  Congress  (March  4, 1811-March  3, 1813) ; 
died  in  Stratham,  N.  H.,  April  14,  1838. 

Bartlett,  Thomas,  jr.,  a  Representative  from 
Vermont;  born  in  Sutton,  Vt.,  June  18,  1808;  at- 
tended the  public  schools;  studied  law  and  in  1833 
began  practicing  in  Groton;  state's  attorney  for 
Caledonia  county  1839-1842;  member  of  the  state 
senate  in  1841-1842  and  of  the  house  of  represent- 
atives 1849,  1850,  1854-1855;  delegate  to  the  state 
constitutional  convention  in  1850  and  1857;  elected 
as  a  Democrat  to  the  Thirty-second  Congress 
(March  4?  1851-March  3,  1853);  resumed  the  prac- 
tice of  hie  profession;  died  in  Lyndon,  Vt.,  Sep- 
tember 8,  1876. 

Bartley,  Mordecai,  a  Representative  from 
Ohio;  born  in  Fayette  county,  Pa.,  December  16, 
1783;  attended  school  in  Virginia;  moved  to  Ohio 
in  1809;  served  in  the  War  of  1812  as  captain  and 
promoted  to  adjutant;  settled  in  Richland  county 
in  1814;  state  senator  1817-1818;  register  of  the 
land  office  of  Virginia  military  district  school  lands 
1818-1823;  elected  to  the  Eighteenth,  Nineteenth, 
Twentieth,  and  Twenty-first  Congresses  (March  4, 
1823-March  3,  1831);  removed  to  Mansfield  in  1834; 
governor  of  Ohio  1844-1846;  died  in  Mansfield, 
Ohio,  October  10,  1870. 

Barton,  David,  a  Senator  from  Missouri;  born 
in  Tennessee  December  14,  1783;  moved  with  his 
parents  to  the  Territory  of  Missouri  in  1809;  elected 
attorney  general  in  1813;  first  circuit  judge  of 
Howard  county  in  1815  and  presiding  judge  in 
1816;  member  and  speaker  of  the  state  house  of 
representatives  in  1818;  nlember  and  president  of 
the  convention  which  formed  the  state  in  1820; 
elected  a  United  States  Senator  and  served  from 
August  10,  1821.  to  March  3,  1831;  elected  state 
senator  from  St.  Louis,  Mo.,  in  1834;  died  near 
Boonville,  Mo.,  September  28,  1837. 

Barton,  Richard  Walker,  a  Representative 
from  Virginia;  born  on  the  "Shady  Oak"  farm, 
Frederick  county,  Va.,  in  1800;  pursued  academic 
studies;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and 
practiced  in  Winchester,  Va. ;  served  several  terms 
in  the  Virginia  legislature;  elected  as  a  Whig  to 
the  Twenty-seventh  Congress  (March  4,  1841- 
March  3,  1843);  died  in  Frederick  county,  Va., 
March  15,  1859. 


Barton,  Samuel,  a  Representative  from  New 
York;  born  in  Clifton,  Richmond  county,  N.  Y., 
July  27,  1785;  attended  the  common  schools; 
served  two  terms  in  the  state  legislature;  elected 
to  the  Twenty-fourth  Congress  (March  4,  1835- 
March  3,  1837);  died  in  New  Dorp,  Richmond 
county,  N.  Y.,  January  29,  1858. 

Barwig,  Charles,  a  Representative  from  Wis- 
consin ;  born  in  Hesse-Darmstadt,  Germany,  March 
19,  1837;  emigrated  to  this  country  with  his  parents 
in  1845,  locating  in  Milwaukee;  was  graduated  from 
the  Spencerian  business  college  in  1857;  located  in 
Mayville  in  1865;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the 
Fifty-first,  Fifty-second,  and  Fifty-third  Con- 
gresses (March  4,  1889-March  3,  1895);  died  in 
Mayville,  Wis.,  February  15,  1912. 

Bashf ord,  Coles,  a  Delegate  from  Arizona  Terri- 
tory; born  near  Cold  Springs,  N.  Y.,  January  24, 
1816;  attended  the  Wesleyan  seminary,  now 
Genesee  college,  Lima,  N.  Y.;  studied  law  and  in 
1841  admitted  to  the  bar;  district  attorney  for 
Wayne  county  1847-1850;  resigned  in  1850  and 
moved  to  Oshkosh,  Wis. ;  member  of  the  Wisconsin 
state  senate  1852-1854,  resigning  in  1855;  governor 
1855-1858;  moved  in  1863  to  Arizona  and  became 
attorney  general  of  Arizona  1864-1867;  presiding 
officer  of  the  first  territorial  council  of  Arizona; 
elected  as  an  Independent  delegate  to  the  For- 
tieth Congress  (March  4,  1867-March  3,  1869);  in 
1869  appointed  secretary  of  Arizona,  which  posi- 
tion he  held  for  several  years;  died  in  Prescptt, 
Ariz.,  April  25,  1878;  interment  in  Mountain  View 
cemetery,  Oakland,  Cal. 

Bass,  Lyman  Kidder,  a  Representative  from 
New  York;  born  in  Alden,  N.  Y.,  November  31, 
1836;  was  graduated  from  Union  college  in  1856;  ad- 
mitted to  the  bar  in  Buffalo  in  1858;  district  attor- 
ney for  Erie  county  1865-1872;  in  1872  formed  a 
partnership  with  W.  S.  Bissell,  to  which  two  years 
later  Grover  Cleveland  was  admitted;  elected  as  a 
Republican  to  the  Forty-third  Congress,  to  fill 
vacancy  caused  by  the  resignation  of  Stewart  L. 
Woodford;  reelected  to  the  Forty-fourth  Congress, 
and  served  from  December  4,  1873,  to  March  3, 
1877;  took  up  his  residence  in  Colorado  Springs, 
Colo. ;  acted  as  general  counsel  of  the  Denver  &  Rio 
Grande  Railroad  Co.;  died  in  New  York  City, 
May  11,  1889. 

Bassett,  Burwell,  a  Representative  from  Vir- 
ginia; born  in  New  Kent  county,  Va.,  March  18, 
1764;  attended  William  and  Mary  college;  mem- 
ber of  the  house  of  delegates  of  Virginia  in  1789; 
member  of  the  state  senate,  1798-1799,  1802-1803; 
served  in  the  Virginia  legislature  several  terms; 
elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Ninth,  Tenth, 
Eleventh,  and  Twelfth  Congresses  (March  4,  1805- 
March  3,  1813) ;  elected  to  the  Fourteenth  and  Fif- 
teenth Congresses  (March  4,  1815-March  3,  1819); 
again  a  member  of  the  house  of  delegates,  1819- 
1820;  again  elected  to  the  Seventeenth,  Eighteenth, 
Nineteenth,  and  Twentieth  Congresses  (March  4, 
1821-March  3, 1829);  died  in  New  Kent  county,  Va., 
February  26,  1841. 

Bassett,  Edward  Murray,  a  Representative 
from  New  York;  born  in  Brooklyn,  N.  Y,,  February 
7,  1863;  attended  the  public  schools  in  Brooklyn 
and  Watertown,  N.  Y.,  Hamilton  college,  Clinton, 
N.  Y.,  in  1881  and  1882,  and  was  graduated  from 
Amherst  college  in  1884  and  from  Columbia  law 
school  in  1886;  admitted  to  New  York  State  bar 
in  1886  and  commenced  practice  in  Buffalo,  N.  Y.; 


BIOGEAPHIES. 


463 


moved  to  New  York  City  in  1892;  was  appointed 
on  the  Brooklyn  school  board  by  Mayor  Van  Wyck 
in  1898,  and  served  two  years;  elected  as  a  Re- 
publican to  the  Fifty-eighth  Congress  (March  4, 
1903-March  3,  1905);  resumed  the  practice  of 
law  in  New  York  City;  member  of  the  public 
service  commission,  1907-1911. 

Bassett,  Richard,  a  Senator  from  Delaware; 
born  in  Cecil  county,  Md.,  April  2,  1745;  studied 
law,  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar  and  practiced; 
captain  of  a  Delaware  troop  in  the  Colonial  Army; 
member  of  the  state  constitutional  convention  in 
1776  and  1792;  member  of  the  Council  of  Safety 
for  Delaware  state  in  1776;  member  of  the  state 
senate  in  1782;  served  in  the  state  house  of  repre- 
sentatives in  1786;  delegate  to  the  convention 
which  framed  the  Constitution  of  the  United 
States  in  1787 ;  elected  to  the  United  States  Senate 
and  served  from  March  4,  1789,  until  March  3,  1793; 
is  credited  with  being  the  first  man  to  cast  his  vote 
to  locate  the  Capital  of  the  United  States  on  the 
Potomac  River;  chief  justice  of  the  Court  of  Com- 
mon Pleas  from  September  6,  1793,  to  January  8, 
1799;  presidential  elector  on  the  Adams  ticket  in 
1797;  governor  of  Delaware  from  January  9,  1799, 
to  March  3,  1801;  appointed  United  States  circuit 
judge  by  President  Adams  on  March  3,  1801;  died 
in  Bohemia  manor,  Cecil  county,  Md.,  Septem- 
ber 18,  1815. 

Bate,  William  Brimage,  a  Senator  from  Ten- 
nessee; born  near  Castalian  Springs,  Tenn.,  October 
7,  1826;  completed  an  academic  course  of  study; 
served  as  a  private  throughout  the  Mexican  War  in 
Louisiana  and  Tennessee  regiments;  a  member  of 
the  Tennessee  legislature;  graduated  from  the 
Lebanon  law  school  in  1852  and  entered  upon  the 
practice  of  his  profession  in  Gallatin,  Tenn. ;  in  1854 
elected  attorney  general  for  the  Nashville  district; 
presidential  elector  in  1860  on  the  Breckinridge- 
Lane  ticket;  private,  captain,  colonel,  brigadier 
general,  and  major  general  in  the  Confederate  army, 
surrendering  with  the  Army  of  the  Tennessee  in 
1865 ;  after  the  close  of  the  war  returned  to  Tennessee 
and  resumed  the  practice  of  law;  delegate  to  the 
Democratic  national  convention  in  1868;  served  on 
the  Democratic  national  executive  committee  for 
Tennessee  twelve  years;  elector  at  large  on  the  Til- 
den  and  Hendricks  ticket  in  1876;  in  1882  elected 
governor  of  Tennessee  and  reelected  in  1884;  in  Jan- 
uary, 1887,  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  United 
States  Senate;  reelected  in  1893, 1899,  and  1905,  and 
served  from  March  4, 1887,  until  his  death  in  Wash- 
ington, D.  C.,  March  9,  1905. 

Bateman,  Ephraim,  a  Representative  and  a 
Senator  from  New  Jersey;  born  in  Cedarville,  N.  J., 
July  20,  1780;  studied  medicine  and  practiced  in 
Cedarville;  served  in  the  state  legislature;  elected 
as  a  Democrat  to  the  Fourteenth,  Fifteenth,  Six- 
teenth, and  Seventeenth  Congresses  (March  4, 1815, 
March  3,  1823);  elected  to  the  council  of  the  state 
legislature,  and  as  its  president  gave,  in  1826,  the 
casting  vote  which  elected  him  to  the  United  States 
Senate  over  Theodore  Frelinghuysen ;  served  from 
November  10,  1826,  until  he  resigned,  January  12, 
1829;  died  in  Cedarville,  N.  J.,  January  29,  1829. 

Bates,  Arthur  Lab  an,  a  Representative  from 
Pennsylvania;  born  in  Meadville,  Pa.,  June  6, 
1859 ;  attended  the  common  schools,  and  was  gradu- 
ated from  Allegheny  college  in  1880;  studied  law 
and  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1882;  elected  city 
solicitor  of  Meadville  in  1889,  1890,  1892,  and  1894; 
elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Fifty-seventh,  Fifty- 


eighth,  Fifty-ninth,  Sixtieth,  and  Sixty-first  Con- 
gresses (March  4,  1901-March  3,  1911).  Reelected  to 
the  Sixty -second  Congress. 

Bates,  Edward,  a  Representative  from  Mis- 
souri; born  in  Belmont,  Goochland  county,  Va., 
September  4,  1793;  attended  Charlotte  Hall  acad- 
emy, Maryland;  acted  as  sergeant  in  the  War  of 
1812  and  1813  in  a  Volunteer  brigade;  in  1814 
moved  to  St.  Louis,  Mo.;  studied  law  and  in  1817 
was  admitted  to  the  bar ;  circuit  prosecuting  attorney 
in  1818;  member  of  the  convention  which  formed 
the  state  constitution  in  1820;  state's  attorney  in 
1820;  member  of  the  state  house  of  representatives 
in  1822;  United  States  district  attorney  1821-1826; 
elected  as  an  Adams  anti-Democrat  to  the  Twen- 
tieth Congress  (March  4, 1827-March3,  1829);  mem- 
ber of  the  state  senate  in  1830,  and  of  the  state  house 
of  representatives  in  1834;  in  1856  presided  at  the 
Whig  national  convention  in  Baltimore;  appointed 
Attorney  General  by  President  Lincoln  and  served 
from  March,  1861,  to  September,  1864;  died  in  St. 
Louis,  Mo.,  March  25,  1869. 

Bates,  Isaac  Chapman,  a  Representative  and  a 
Senator  from  Massachusetts;  born  in  Granville, 
Mass. ,  May  14, 1780;  was  graduated  in  1802  from  Yale 
college;  admitted  to  the  bar  and  began  practice  in 
Northampton;  served  several  terms  in  the  state 
senate  and  house  of  representatives;  elected  as  an 
anti-Jackson  man  to  the  Twentieth  Congress;  re- 
elected  to  the  Twenty-first,  Twenty-second,  and 
Twenty-third  Congresses  (March  4,  1827-March  3, 
1835);  presidential  elector  from  Massachusetts  in 
1837  and  1841;  elected  a  United  States  Senator  to 
fill  vacancy  caused  by  the  resignation  of  John 
Davis,  and  served  from  January  13,  1841,  until  his 
death  in  Washington,  D.  C.,  March  16,  1845. 

Bates,  James,  a  Representative  from  Maine; 
born  in  Greene,  Kennebec  county,  Me.,  Sep- 
tember 24,  1789;  attended  the  common  schools; 
studied  medicine  at  Harvard  medical  university 
in  Boston,  Mass. ;  served  as  a  surgeon  during  the 
war  of  1812  and  was  present  at  the  surrender  of 
Fort  Erie;  in  charge  of  the  general  military  hospi-  • 
tal  near  Buffalo,  N.  Y.,  until  his  resignation  in 
May,  1815;  settled  in  practice  in  Hallowell,  Me.; 
moved  to  Norridgewock  in  1819  and  continued 
practice;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Twenty- 
second  Congress  (March  4,  1831-March  3,  1833); 
superintendent  for  the  state  hospital  for  the  insane, 
1845-1851 ;  resumed  practice  in  Gardiner  and  Fair- 
field,  Me.;  moved  to  Yarmouth,  Cumberland 
county,  Me.,  in  1858  and  engaged  in  practice;  died 
in  Yarmouth,  Me.,  February  25,  1882;  interment 
in  Norridgewock,  Me. 

Bates,  James  Woodson,  a  Delegate  from  Ar- 
kansas Territory;  born  in  Goochland  county,  Va., 
August  25,  1788;  moved  to  Arkansas  Territory; 
Delegate  in  the  Sixteenth  and  Seventeenth  Con- 
gresses; served  from  March  2,  1820,  to  March  3, 
1823;  afterwards  appointed  a  judge  of  the  superior 
court  of  Arkansas  Territory  and  served  1824-1832; 
register  of  the  land  office  in  Clarksville  1841-1845; 
died  in  Van  Buren,  Ark.,  December  26,  1846. 

Bates,  Martin  Waltham,  a  Senator  from  Dela- 
ware; born  in  Salisbury,  Conn.,  February  24, 1787; 
moved  to  Delaware  and  taught  school ;  studied  medi- 
cine, and  later  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the 
bar  in  1822,  and  began  practice  in  Dover,  Del.; 
member  of  the  state  house  of  representatives  in 
1826;  member  of  the  state  constitutional  conven- 
tion in  1852;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  United 


464 


CONGRESSIONAL   DIRECTORY. 


States  Senate  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  the  death 
of  John  M.  Clayton,  and  served  from  January  14, 
1857,  to  March  3,  1859;  died  in  Dover,  Del.,  Jan- 
uary 1,  1869. 

Baxter,  Portus,  a  Representative  from  Ver- 
mont; born  in  Brownington,  V.t.,  December  4, 
1806;  attended  the  public  schools,  Norwich  military 
academy,  and  the  University  of  Vermont;  moved 
to  Derby  Line,  Vt.,  in  1828;  presidential  elector  on 
the  Scott  ticket  in  1852,  and  in  1856  on  the  Fremont 
ticket;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Thirty- 
seventh,  Thirty-eighth,  and  Thirty-ninth  Con- 
gresses (March  4,  1861-March  3,  1867);  died  in 
Washington,  D.  C.,  March  4,  1868. 

Bay,  William  Van  Ness,  a  Representative  from 
Missouri;  native  of  New  York;  attended  the  public 
schools;  moved  to  Missouri  and  located  in  Union, 
Newton  county;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the 
Thirty-first  Congress  (March  4,  1849-March  3, 1851. 

Bayard,  James  Asheton,  jr.,  a  Senator  from 
Delaware;  born  in  Wilmington,  Del.,  November  15, 
1799;  pursued  classical  studies;  studied  law,  was 
admitted  to  the  bar,  and  began  practice  in  Wilming- 
ton; United  States  diatrict  attorney  for  Delaware 
1838-1843;  in  1851  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the 
United  States  Senate;  reelected  in  1857  and  again 
in  1863  and  served  from  March  4,  1851,  until 
January  29,  1864,  when  he  resigned;  appointed 
a  United  States  Senator,  to  fill  the  vacancy  occa- 
sioned by  the  death  of  George  Read  Riddle;  sub- 
sequently elected  and  served  from  April  5,  1867,  to 
March  3,  1869;  delegate  to  the  Democratic  national 
convention  in  New  York  in  1868;  died  in  Wilming- 
ton, Del.,  June  13,  1880. 

Bayard,  James  Asheton  2d,  a  Representative 
and  a  Senator  from  Delaware;  born  in  Philadel- 
phia, Pa.,  July  28,  1767;  was  graduated  from 
Princeton  college  in  1784;  studied  law  under  Gen. 
Joseph  Reed ;  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1787,  and  com- 
menced practice  in  Wilmington,  Del.;  declined 
the  appointment  of  minister  to  France  under  Presi- 
dent Adams;  elected  as  a  Federalist  to  the  Fifth, 
Sixth,  and  Seventh  Congresses  (March  4,  1797- 
March  3, 1803);  elected  a  United  States  Senator,  to 
fill  vacancy  caused  by  the  resignation  of  William 
Hill  Wells;  served  from  November  13,  1804,  until 
he  resigned,  March  3,  1813;  appointed  one  of  the 
commission  to  negotiate  peace  with  Great  Britain; 
went  to  Europe  in  May,  1813,  and  aided  in  nego- 
tiating the  treaty  of  Ghent,  signed  December  24, 
1814;  declined  the  appointment  of  minister  to 
Russia  in  1815;  died  in  Wilmington,  Del., 
August  6,  1815. 

Bayardj  James  Asheton  3d,  a  Senator  from 
Delaware;  born  in  Wilmington,  Del.,  November 
15,  1799;  received  a  classical  training;  studied 
law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  practiced  in 
Wilmington;  United  States  attorney  for  Delaware 
during  the  administration  of  President  Van  Buren; 
elected  as  a  Whig  to  the  United  States  Senate,  re- 
elected,  and  served  from  March  4,  1851,  to  January 
29,  1864,  when  he  resigned;  upon  the  death  of 
George  Read  Riddle,  who  was  elected  his  suc- 
cessor, was  appointed  to  the  United  States  Senate, 
to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  his  own  resignation  and 
Mr.  Riddle's  death;  was  subsequently  elected, 
and  served  from  April  5,  1867,  to  March  3,  1869; 
died  in  Wilmington,  Del.,  June  13,  1880. 

Bayard,  John,  a  Delegate  from  Pennsylvania; 
born  in  Cecil  county,  Md.,  August  11,  1738;  moved 


to  Pennsylvania  and  located  in  Philadelphia, 
in  1756,  where  he  became  one  of  the  leading  mer- 
chants; elected  several  times  as  a  member  of  the 
Pennsylvania  assembly  and  served  several  terms  as 
speaker;  member  of  the  council  of  safety  in  1776- 
1777,  and  was  a  colonel  in  the  field;  major  of  the 
second  battalion  of  Philadelphia  volunteers,  which 
he  commanded  at 'the  Battle  of  Trenton;  sat  in  the 
Continental  Congress  1785-1787;  in  1788  removed 
to  New  Brunswick;  became  mayor  in  1790,  and 
later  judge  of  the  court  of  common  pleas;  died  in 
New  Brunswick,  N.  J.,  January  7,  1807. 

Bayard,  Richard  Henry,  a  Senator  from  Dela- 
ware; born  in  Wilmington,  Del.,  September  23, 
1796;  was  graduated  from  Princeton  college  in  1814; 
admitted  to  the  bar  in  New  Castle,  Del.,  in  1818, 
and  practiced  in  Wilmington;  first  mayor  of  Wil- 
mington in  1832;  elected  a  United  States  Senator 
as  a  Whig,  to  fill  vacancy  occasioned  by  the  resig- 
nation of  Arnold  Naudin,  and  served  from  June  17, 
1836,  to  September  19,  1839,  when  he  resigned  to 
become  chief  justice  of  Delaware;  resigned  Janu- 
ary 12,  1841;  again  elected  to  the  United  States 
Senate  for  the  term  beginning  March  4,  1839;  took 
his  seat  January  19,  1841,  and  served  until  March  3, 
1845;  charg6  d'affaires  at  Belgium  from  December 
10,  1850,  to  September  12,  1853;  died  in  Philadel- 
phia March  4,  1868. 

Bayard,  Thomas  Francis,  a  Senator  from  Dela- 
ware; born  in  Wilmington,  Del.,  October  29,  1828; 
studied  law;  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1851,  and  ex- 
cepting the  years  1855  and  1856,  when  he  resided  in 
Philadelphia,  practiced  in  his  native  city;  in  1853 
appointed  United  States  district  attorney  for  Dela- 
ware, but  resigned  in  1854;  removed  again  to  Phila- 
delphia and  practiced  law  in  copartnership  with 
William  Shipper,  jr.;  returned  to  Wilmington  in 
1856;  elected  to  the  United  States  Senate  as  a 
Democrat  to  succeed  James  A.  Bayard  (his  father); 
took  his  seat  April  9,  1869;  reelected  in  1875; 
member  of  the  Electoral  Commission  in  1876; 
reelected  to  the  United  States  Senate  in  1881; 
elected  President  pro  tempore  of  the  Senate  Octo- 
ber 10,  1881;  resigned  from  the  Senate  March  6, 
1885;  Secretary  of  State  (March  6,  1885-March  5, 
1889),  in  President  Cleveland's  Cabinet;  ambassador 
to  Great  Britain  1893-1897;  died  in  the  home  of 
his  daughter  in  Dedham,  Mass.,  September  28, 
1898. 

Baylies,  Francis,  a  Representative  from  Massa- 
chusetts; born  in  Taunton,  Mass.,  October  16, 1783; 
studied  law  with  his  brother  William  Baylies  and 
was  admitted  to  the  bar  and  practiced;  register  of 
probate  for  Bristol  county  1812-1820;  elected  to 
the  Seventeenth,  Eighteenth,  and  Nineteenth  Con- 
gresses (March  4,  1821-March  3,  1827);  member  of 
the  state  house  of  representatives  1827-1832;  com- 
missioned charge1  d'affaires  to  the  Argentine  Re- 
public January  3,  1832;  again  elected  to  the  state 
legislature  in  1835  and  served  one  term;  died  in 
Taunton,  Mass.,  October  28,  1852. 

Baylies,  William,  a  Representative  from  Massa- 
chusetts; born  in  Dighton,  Mass.,  September  15, 
1776;  was  graduated  from  Brown  university  in 
1795;  studied  law,  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  began 
practice  in  Bridge  water  (west  parish)  in  1799;  mem- 
ber of  the  state  legislature  1808-1809,  1812-1813, 
1820-1821,  1830-1831,  and  of  the  state  senate  1825- 
1826;  claimed  to  have  been  elected  as  a  War  Dem- 
ocrat to  the  Eleventh  Congress  and  took  his  seat  May 
14, 1809,  and  served  until  June  28, 1809,  when  he  was 


BIOGKAPHIES. 


465 


succeeded  by  Charles  Turner,  jr.,  who  contested 
his  election;  elected  to  the  Thirteenth  and  Four- 
teenth Congresses  (March  4,  1813-March  3,  1817); 
reelected  to  the  Twenty-third  Congress  (March 
4,  1833-March  3,  1835);  died  in  Taunton,  Mass., 
September  27,  1865;  interment  in  the  old  cemetery 
in  Dighton,  Mass. 

Baylor,  Robert  Emmett  Bledsoe,  a  Repre- 
sentative from  Alabama;  born  in  Lincoln  county, 
Ky.,  May  10, 1793;  studied  law;  served  in  the  War 
of  1812;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  and  practiced; 
elected  to  the  state  legislature  in  1819,  but 
resigned  and  moved  to  Alabama  in  1820;  studied 
theology,  licensed  to  preach,  and  was  ordained  to 
the  Baptist  ministry;  elected  to  the  legislature 
of  Alabama  in  1824;  elected  to  the  Twenty -first 
Congress  (March  4,  1829rMarch  3,  1831);  com- 
manded an  Alabama  regiment  during  the  Creek 
war;  removed  to  Texas;  elected  judge  of  the 
district  and  supreme  courts  of  the  republic;  mem- 
ber of  the  convention  that  framed  the  state  con- 
stitution of  Texas;  district  judge  for  twenty-five 
years;  founder  of  Baylor  university,  Waco,  Tex.; 
died  in  Gay  Hill,  Tex.,  January  6,  1874. 

Bayly,  Thomas,  a  Representative  from  Mary- 
land; born  in  Somerset  county,  Md.;  was  gradu- 
ated from  Princeton  college  in  1794;  elected  to  the 
Fifteenth,  Sixteenth,  and  Seventeenth  Congresses 
(March  4,  1817-March  3,  1823). 

Bayly,  Thomas  Henry,  a  Representative  from 
Virginia;  born  in  Accomac  county,  Va.,  Decem- 
ber 11,  1810;  attended  the  common  schools, 
and  was  graduated  from  the  University  of  Vir- 
ginia; studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in 
1830,  and  commenced  practice;  member  of  the 
state  assembly  1835-1840;  resigned  on  being 
elected  judge  of  the  circuit  court;  elected  as  a 
Democrat  to  the  Twenty-eighth  Congress,  to  fill 
vacancy  occasioned  by  the  resignation  of  Henry  A. 
Wise;  reelected  to  the  Twenty-ninth,  Thirtieth, 
Thirty-first,  Thirty-second,  Thirty-third,  and 
Thirty-fourth  Congresses,  and  served  from  May  6, 
1844,  until  his  death  in  Mount  Custis,  Accomac 
county,  Va.,  June  23,  1856. 

Bayly,  Thomas  Monte agle,  a  Representative 
from  Virginia;  born  in  Accomac  county,  Va.,  Sep- 
tember 2,  1775;  was  graduated  from  Princeton  col- 
lege in  1794;  entered  public  life  in  1798  and  served 
several  years  in  each  of  the  two  houses  of  the  state 
legislature  as  a  Democrat;  a  colonel  of  militia  dur- 
ing the  War  of  1812;  elected  to  the  Thirteenth  Con- 
gress, and  served  from  March  4,  1813,  to  March  3, 
1815;  again  reelected  to  the  state  legislature  and 
served  several  terms;  died  in  Mount  Custis,  Acco- 
mac county,  Va.,  January  6,  1834. 

Bayne,  Thomas  McKee,  a  Representative  from 
Pennsylvania;  born  in  Allegheny  county,  Pa., 
June  14,  1836;  attended  the  public  schools  and 
Westminster  college;  entered  the  Union  army  in 
July,  1862,  as  colonel  of  the  one  hundred  and 
thirty-sixth  regiment  of  Pennsylvania  volunteer 
infantry;  took  part  in  the  battles  of  Fredericksburg 
and  Chancellorsville;  resumed  the  reading  of  law  in 
1865,  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar  of  Allegheny 
county  in  April,  1866;  elected  district  attorney 
for  Allegheny  county  in  October,  1870,  and  held 
the  office  until  January  1, 1874;  elected  as  a  Repub- 
lican to  the  Forty-fifth,  Forty-sixth,  Forty-seventh, 
Forty-eighth,  Forty-ninth,  Fiftieth,  and  Fifty- 
first  Congresses  (March  4,  1877-March  3,  1891); 
died  in  Washington,  D.  C.,  June  14,  1894. 

50346°— S.  Doc.  654,  61-2 30 


Beach,  Clifton  Bailey,  a  Representative  from 
Ohio;  born  in  Sharon,  Medina  county,  Ohio,  Sep- 
tember 16,  1845;  moved  to  Cleveland  in  1857; 
attended  the  common  schools  and  Western  Reserve 
college;  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1872;  retired  from 
active  practice  in  1884,  having  become  extensively 
engaged  in  manufacturing;  elected  as  a  Republican 
to  the  Fifty-fourth  and  Fifty-fifth  Congresses 
(March  4,  1895-March  3,  1899);  died  in  Rocky 
River,  Ohio,  November  15,  1902. 

Beach,  Lewis,  a  Representative  from  New  York; 
born  in  the  city  of  New  York  March  30,  1835;  was 
graduated  from  the  Yale  law  school  in  1856; 
admitted  to  the  bar  the  same  year,  and  began 
practice  in  New  York;  in  1861,  took  up  his  resi- 
dence in  Orange  county,  N.  Y.;  member  and 
treasurer  of  the  Democratic  state  central  com- 
mittee 1877-1879;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the 
Forty-seventh,  Forty-eighth,  and  Forty-ninth 
Congresses,  and  served  from  March  4,  1881,  until 
his  death  at  his  home  "Knoll  View,"  Cornwall, 
N.  Y.,  August  10,  1886;  interment  at  Greenwood, 
Long  Island,  N.  Y. 

Beale,  Charles  Lewis,  a  Representative  from 
New  York;  born  in  Canaan,  N.  Y.,  March  5,  1824; 
was  graduated  from  Union  college  in  1844;  studied 
law;  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1849,  and  began  prac- 
tice in  Kinderhook,  N.  Y.;  elected  as  a  Republi- 
can to  the  Thirty-sixth  Congress  (March  4,  1859- 
MarchS,  1861);  presidential  elector  in  1864;  dele- 
gate to  the  Union  national  convention  in  Phila- 
delphia in  1866;  died  in  Hudson,  N.  Y.,  January 
29,  1900. 

Beale,  James  Madison  Hite,  a  Representative 
from  Virginia;  born  in  Mount  Airy,  Shenandoah 
county,  Va.,  February  7,  1786;  pursued  prepara- 
tory studies;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Twenty- 
third  and  Twenty-fourth  Congresses  (March  4, 
1833-March  3,  1837);  again  elected  to  the  Thirty- 
first  and  Thirty-second  Congresses  (March  4,  1849- 
March  3,  1853);  declined  a  renomination  for  the 
Thirty-third  Congress;  died  in  Putnam  county, 
W.  Va.,  August  2,  1866. 

Beale,  Joseph  Grant,  a  Representative  from 
Pennsylvania;  born  in  Allegheny  county,  Pa., 
March  26,  1839;  attended  the  common  schools; 
was  graduated  from  the  Caton  academy  in  Turtle 
Creek,  Pa.,  and  afterwards  from  the  Iron  City 
commercial  college,  Pittsburgh,  Pa.  During  the 
Civil  War  enlisted  in  the  Friend  Rifles  for  three 
months,  and  afterwards  in  company  C,  ninth 
Pennsylvania  reserves  for  three  years;  was  taken 
prisoner  and  confined  in  Libby  prison;  released 
on  parole  and  studied  law;  leaving  the  practice  of 
law,  went  into  the  coal  business  in  the  suburbs 
of  Pittsburgh;  moved  to  Leechburg  in  the  spring 
of  1868,  and  actively  engaged  in  the  iron  and  steel 
business;  president  of  the  Leechburg  Banking 
Co.,  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Sixtieth  Con- 
gress (March  4, 1907-March  3, 1909);  resumed  busi- 
ness in  Leechburg,  Pa. 

Beale,  Richard  Lee  Turberyille,  a  Represent- 
ative from  Virginia;  born  in  Hickory  Hill,  West- 
moreland county,  Va.,  May  22,  1819;  attended  pri- 
vate schools  in  Westmoreland  county,  Northumber- 
land academy,  and  Rappahannock  academy,  in 
Virginia,  and  Dickinson  college,  Pennsylvania; 
studied  law  and  was  graduated  from  the  University 
of  Virginia  in  1837;  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1839,  and 
practiced;  elected  to  the  Thirtieth  Congress  (March 
4, 1847-March  3, 1849);  declined  a  reelection;  mem- 


466 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIEECTORY. 


her  of  the  convention  to  form  a  constitution  for 
Virginia  in  1851;  member  of  the  state  senate,  1858- 
1860;  rose  through  a  series  of  promotions  from  lieu- 
tenant to  brigadier  general  in  the  Confederate 
army;  elected  on  January  23,  1879,  to  the  Forty- 
fifth  Congress  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  the  death 
of  Beverly  B.  Douglas;  reelected  as  a  Demo- 
crat to  the  Forty-sixth  Congress  and  served  from 
February  8,  1879,  to  March  3,  1881;  retired  to  his 
home  near  Hague,  Westmoreland  county,  Va.,  and 
practiced  law;  died  in  his  home,  April  21,  1893. 

Beall,  Jack,  a  Representative  from  Texas;  born 
in  Ellis  county,  Tex.,  October  25, 1866;  his  parents 
were  Kentuckians  and  were  among  the  early 
settlers  of  Texas;  attended  the  country  schools; 
taught  school  in  1884  and  1885;  in  1886  entered 
the  University  of  Texas;  was  graduated  from  the 
law  department  in  1890;  engaged  in  the  practice 
of  law;  served  as  a  member  of  the  Texas  house 
of  representatives  for  three  years  and  in  the 
Texas  senate  for  four  years;  elected  as  a  Democrat 
to  the  Fifty-eighth,  Fifty-ninth,  Sixtieth,  and 
Sixty-first  Congresses  (March  4,  1903-March  3, 
1911).  Reelected  to  the  Sixty-second  Congress. 

Beall,  Reazin,  a  Representative  from  Ohio; 
born  in  Montgomery  county,  Md.,  December  3, 
1769;  parents  moved  to  Pennsylvania;  appointed 
ensign  in  the  United  States  army  March  7,  1792, 
and  battalion  quartermaster  1793;  served  under 
Gen.  Wayne  in  his  campaign  against  the  Indians; 
mooved  to  Wooster,  Ohio,  anal  became  brigadier 
general  of  volunteers  in  the  War  of  1812;  elected 
to  the  Thirteenth  Congress,  and  served  from  March 
4, 1813,  to  November,  1814,  when  he  resigned;  died 
in  Wooster,  Ohio,  February  20,  1843. 

Beaman,  Fernando  C.,  a  Representative  from 
Michigan;  born  in  Chester,  Vt.,  June  28,  1814; 
attended  Franklin  academy,  Malone,  N.  Y.;  went 
to  Rochester  in  1836,  studied  and  practiced  law; 
removed  to  Michigan  in  1838,  first  settled  in  Man- 
chester, then  in  Tecumseh,  then  in  Clinton,  and 
then  moved  to  Adrian;  prosecuting  attorney  for 
Lenawee  county,  Mich.,  six  years;  four  years  pro- 
bate judge;  member  of  the  convention  that  organ- 
ized the  Republican  party  "under  the  oaks"  at 
Jackson,  Mich.,  in  1854;  delegate  in  the  national 
conventions  in  Pittsburgh  and  in  Philadelphia — 
the  first  held  by  the  Republican  party;  presidential 
elector  in  1856;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the 
Thirty-seventh,  Thirty-eighth,  Thirty-ninth,  For- 
tieth, and  Forty-first  Congresses  (March  4,  1861- 
March  3, 1871) ;  returned  to  Adrian  and  resumed  the 
practice  of  law;  appointed  United  States  Senator, 
to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  the  death  of  Zachariah 
Chandler,  but  did  not  accept  owing  to  ill-health; 
declined  appointments  to  the  state  supreme  bench 
and  to  be  Commissioner  of  Indian  Affairs;  died  in 
Adrian,  Mich.,  September  27,  1882. 

Bean,  Benning  Moulton,  a  Representative 
from  New  Hampshire;  born  in  Moultonboro,  N.  H., 
January  9,  1782;  member  of  the  state  legislature 
from  1815  to  1823;  served  in  the  state  senate  in 
1824,  1825,  and  1826;  reelected  to  the  state  house  of 
representatives  in  1827;  again  a  member  of  the 
state  senate  in  1831  and  1832;  served  as  president 
in  1832;  member  of  the  governor's  council  in  1829; 
elected  to  the  Twenty-third  and  Twenty-fourth 
Congresses  (March  4,  1833-March  3,  1837);  died  in 
Moultonboro,  N.  H.,  February  9,  1866. 

Bean,  Curtis  Coe,  a  Delegate  from  Arizona; 
born  in  Tamworth,  N .  H . ,  January  4 , 1828 ;  attended 
Phillips  academy,  Exeter,  N.  H.;  studied  law,  was 


admitted  to  the  bar  in  Tennessee  in  1865;  attorney 
general  for  the  eleventh  judicial  circuit  in  1865; 
represented  Williamson,  Maury,  and  Lewis  coun- 
ties in  the  Tennessee  legislature  in  1866-1867;  went 
to  Arizona  in  June,  1868;  member  of  the  upper 
house  in  the  Tenth  legislative  assembly  of  Arizona 
in  1879;  elected  as  a  Republican  a  Delegate  to  the 
Forty-ninth  Congress  (March  4, 1885-March  3, 1887) ; 
died  in  New  York  City,  February  1,  1904. 

Beardsley,  Samuel,  a  Representative  from 
New  York;  born  in  Hoosick,  Rensselaer  county, 
N.  Y.,  February  9,  1790;  pursued  academic  studies; 
studied  law,  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1815,  and  began 
practice  in  Rome;  district  attorney,  member  of  the 
state  senate;  judge  of  Oneida  county;  1828-1830  was 
United  States  attorney  for  northern  New  York; 
elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Twenty-second, 
Twenty-third,  and  Twenty-fourth  Congresses,  and 
served  from  March  4,  1831,  to  March  29,  1836, 
when  he  resigned  to  accept  the  appointment  as 
circuit  judge;  in  1836  attorney  general  of  the  state 
of  New  York;  again  elected  to  the  Twenty-eighth 
Congress,  and  served  from  March  4,  1843,  to  March 
6,  1844,  when  he  resigned  to  accept  the  position  of 
associate  judge  of  the  supreme  court  of  New  York; 
made  chief  justice  in  1847;  died  in  Utica,  N.  Y., 
May  6,  1860. 

Beatty,  John,  a  Delegate  and  a  Representative 
from  New  Jersey;  born  in  Neshaminy,  Bucks 
county,  Pa.,  December  19,  1749;  was  graduated 
from  Princeton  college  in  1769;  studied  medicine 
in  Philadelphia,  and  practiced;  entered  the  Revo- 
lutionary army,  in  1775,  and  had  attained  the  rank 
of  major  when  he  was  made  prisoner  at  the  surrender 
of  _Fort  Washington;  after  his  exchange  was  ap- 
pointed commissary  general  of  prisoners,  with  the 
rank  of  colonel,  May  28,  1778;  resigned  March  31, 
1780,  and  resumed  the  practice  of  medicine  in 
Trenton,  N.  J.;  sat  in  the  Continental  Congress 
January  13,  1784,  to  June  3,  1784,  and  from  Novem- 
ber 11,  1784,  to  November  7,  1785;  member  of  the 
state  convention  that  adopted  the  Federal  consti- 
tution; elected  to  the  Third  Congress  (March  4, 
1793-March  3,  1795);  secretary  of  state  of  New 
Jersey  1795-1805;  member  of  the  state  senate  and 
house  of  representatives  for  several  terms;  served 
twice  as  speaker  of  the  house;  president  of  the 
Trenton  Banking  Co.,  1815-1826;  died  in  Trenton, 
N.  J.,  April  30,  1826. 

Beatty,  John,  a  Representative  from  Ohio; 
born  near  Sandusky  City,  Ohio,  September  16, 
1828;  attended  common  schools  and  engaged  in 
banking;  Republican  presidential  elector  in  1860; 
at  the  beginning  of  the  Civil  War  volunteered  as 
private  in  the  Third  Ohio  infantry,  and  appointed 
lieutenant  colonel  in  1861;  promoted  colonel  in 
1862,  and  took  a  prominent  part  in  the  campaigns 
in  the  southwest;  commanded  a  regiment  at  Perry- 
ville  and  a  brigade  at  Stone  River;  commissioned 
brigadier  general  in  1863,  and  commanded  a  brigade 
at  Tullahoma,  Chickamauga,  and  Marion  Ridge; 
elected  to  the  Fortieth  Congress  to  fill  vacancy 
caused  by  the  death  of  Cornelius  S.  Hamilton;  re- 
elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Forty-first  and  Forty- 
second  Congresses,  and  served  from  February  5, 
1868,  to  March  3,  1873;  Republican  presidential 
elector  at  large  in  1884;  member  of  the  board  of 
state  charities  1886-1887;  president  of  the  Ohio 
Chickamauga  National  military  park  commission 
1891-1895;  retired  from  active  business  in  1903. 

Beatty,  William,  a  Representative  from  Penn- 
sylvania; born  in  Stewartstown,  county  Tyrone, 


BIOGRAPHIES. 


467 


Ireland,  in  1787;  located  in  Butler,  Pa.;  held  sev- 
eral local  offices;  sergeant  in  Captain  Thompson's 
company  in  the  War  of  1812;  was  sheriff  of  Butler 
county  one  term  and  a  member  of  the  legislature 
three  terms;  elected  as  a  Van  Buren  Democrat  to 
the  Twenty-fifth  and  Twenty-sixth  Congresses 
(March  4, 1837-March  3, 1841);  died  in  Butler,  Pa., 
April  2,  1851. 

Beaty,  Martin,  a  Representative  from  Ken- 
tucky; born  in  the  state  of  Kentucky;  member  of 
the  state  legislature  1824-1828  and  again  in  1848; 
presidential  elector  in  1833  and  1837;  elected  as  a 
Whig  to  the  Twenty-third  Congress  (March  4,  1833- 
March  3,  1835);  died  in  Southfork,  Ky. 

Beaumont,  Andrew,  a  Representative  from 
Pennsylvania;  born  in  Lebanon,  Conn.,  January  24, 
1790;  appointed  collector  of  revenue  by  President 
Madison  in  1814  and  served  two  years;  prothonotary 
and  clerk  of  Logan  county  courts,  Pa.,  in  1819; 
member  of  the  Pennsylvania  house  of  representa- 
tives 1821,  1822,  and  1826;  postmaster  of  Wilkes- 
Barre  1826-1832;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the 
Twenty-third  and  Twenty-fourth  Congresses  (March 

4,  1833-March  3,  1837);  appointed  commissioner  of 

Sublic  buildings  in  Washington,  D.  C.,  by  Presi- 
ent  Polk,  and  served  from  November  5,  1846,  to 
March  3, 1847;  again  elected  to  the  state  legislature 
in  1849;  died  in  Wilkes-Barre,  Pa.,  September  30, 
1853. 

Beck,  Erasmus  Williams,  a  Representative 
from  Georgia;  born  in  McDonough,  Ga.,  October 
22,  1833;  was  graduated  from  Mercer  university; 
studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1856,  and 
commenced  practice  in  Griffin,  Ga. ;  elected  as"  a 
Democrat  to  the  Forty-second  Congress,  to  fill  va- 
cancy caused  by  the  death  of  Thomas  J.  Speer,  and 
served  from  December  2,  1872,  to  March  3,  1873; 
died  in  Griffin,  Ga.,  July  22,  1898. 

Beck,  James  Burnie,  a  Representative  and 
Senator  from  Kentucky;  born  in  Dumfriesshire, 
Scotland,  February  13,  1822;  came  to  the  United 
States  with  his  parents,  who  settled  in  Lexington, 
Ky.,  in  1845;  was  graduated  from  the  law  school 
of  the  Transylvania  university  in  1846;  practiced 
for  twenty  years;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the 
Fortieth,  Forty-first,  Forty-second,  and  Forty- 
third  Congresses  (March  4, 1867-March  3,  1875);  in 
May,  1876,  appointed  member  of  the  commission 
to  define  the  boundary  between  Maryland  and 
Virginia;  elected  a  United  States  Senator  in  1877, 
1882,  and  1888,  and  served  from  March  4,  1877, 
until  his  death  in  Washington,  D.  C.,  May  3,  1890. 

Beckner,  William  Morgan,  a  Representative 
from  Kentucky;  born  in  Nicholas  county,  Ky., 
June  19,  1841;  attended  the  county  schools  and 
the  Rand  and  Richeson  seminary  in  Maysville, 
Ky.;  read  law,  and  located  in  Winchester  January 

5,  1865;    elected  city  judge  March,  1865,  county 
attorney  in  1867,  and  county  judge  in  1870;    ap- 
pointed prison  commissioner  in  1880;    appointed 
railroad  commissioner  in  1882,   and  served  until 
February,  1884,  when  he  resigned;  elected  member 
of  the  constitutional  convention  in  1890;    elected 
to  the  legislature  in  1893;    elected  as  a  Democrat 
to  the  Fifty-third  Congress,  to  fill  vacancy  caused 
by  the  death  of  Marcus  C.  Lisle,  and  served  from 
December  3,  1894,  to  March  3,  1895;  resumed  the 
practice  of  law;  died  in  Winchester,  Ky.,  March  14, 
1910. 

Beckwith,  Charles  Dyer,  a  Representative 
from  New  Jersey;  born  in  Saratoga,  N.  Y.,  October 


23,  1838;  attended  private  schools  in  Troy,  N.  Y., 
Philadelphia,  Pa.,  Worcester,  Mass.,  and  in  New 
Haven,  Conn,  (military);  engaged  in  iron  manu- 
facturing; served  as  alderman  and  as  mayor 
of  Paterson,  N.  J.;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the 
Fifty-first  Congress  (March  4,  1889-March  3,  1891); 
took  up  his  residence  in  Niverville,  Columbia 
county,  N.  Y. 

Bede,  John  Adam,  a  Representative  from  Min- 
nesota; born  in  Lorain  county,  Ohio,  in  1856; 
attended  the  public  schools;  learned  the  printer's 
trade;  taught  school;  engaged  in  newspaper  work; 
did  reportorial  work  in  Washington ;  was  appointed 
United  States  marshal  for  the  district  of  Minnesota 
in  1894;  served  through  the  great  railroad  strikes 
of  that  year  and  resigned;  elected  as  a  Republican 
to  the  Fifty-eighth,  Fifty-ninth,  and  Sixtieth  Con- 
gresses (March  4, 1903-March  3,  1909);  defeated  in 
the  primaries  for  the  Sixty-first  Congress;  prac- 
ticed law  in  Pine  City,  Minn.;  member  of  the 
Minnesota  house  of  representatives  in  1911-1912. 

Bedford,  Gunning,  a  Delegate  from  Delaware; 
born  in  Philadelphia,  Pa.,  April  7,  1742;  attended 
the  public  schools;  entered  the  Revolutionary 
Army  as  major  March  20,  1775;  lieutenant  colonel 
in  Haslet's  regiment  January  19,  1776;  appointed 
muster  master  general  June  18,  1776;  wounded  in 
the  battle  of  White  Plains;  was  admitted  to  the  bar 
of  Sussex  county  August  4,  1779;  member  of  state 
assembly  1784,  1785  and  1786;  member  of  the  privy 
council  1783  and  1790;  sat  in  the  Continental  Con- 
gress 1783-1785;  Presidential  elector  in  1788;  elected 
governor  of  Delaware  in  1796  and  served  until  his 
death  in  New  Castle,  Del.,  September  30,  1797. 

Bedford,  Gunning,  jr.,  a  Delegate  from  Dela- 
ware; born  in  Philadelphia  in  1747;  was  graduated 
from  Princeton  college  in  1771;  studied  law,  ad- 
mitted to  the  bar  and  began  practice  in  Dover, 
Del.;  moved  to  Wilmington;  member  of  the  state 
house  of  representatives;  attorney  general  of  Dela- 
ware, 1778-1789;  sat  in  the  Continental  Congress 
from  March  10,  1783,  to  November,  1786;  member 
of  the  Federal  constitutional  convention;  member 
of  Delaware  senate  in  1788 ;  presidential  elector  in 
1789  and  1793;  appointed  by  President  Washington 
United  States  judge  for  the  district  of  Delaware 
September  26,  1789,  which  position  he  held  until 
his  death  in  Wilmington,  Del.,  March  30,  1812. 

Bedinger,  George  Michael,  a  Representative 
rom  Kentucky;  born  in  Virginia  about  1750,  and 
was  one  of  the  earliest  settlers  in  Kentucky; 
adjutant  in  the  expedition  against  Chillicothe  in 
1779,  major  in  the  battle  of  Blue  Licks  in  1782, 
major  in  Dark's  regiment  in  1791,  major  command- 
ing the  Winchester  battalion  of  sharpshooters  in  the 
St.  Clair  expedition  in  1791,  and  major  command- 
ing the  Third  eublegion  of  United  States  infantry 
from  April  11,  1792,  to  February  28,  1793;  member 
of  the  state  house  of  representatives  in  1792; 
elected  to  the  Eighth  and  Ninth  Congresses  (March 
4,  1803-March  3,  1807);  died  in  the  Lower  Blue 
Licks,  Kentucky,  about  1830. 

Bedinger,  Henry,  a  Representative  from  Vir- 
ginia; born  near  Shepherdstown,  Va.,  in  1810; 
studied  law,  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1832,  and  began 
practice  in  Shepherdstown;  elected  as  a  Democrat 
to  the  Twenty-ninth  and  Thirtieth  Congresses 
(March  4, 1845-March  3, 1849);  appointed  charge" 
d'affaires  to  Denmark  May  24,  1853  and  minister 
resident  June  29,  1854,  served  until  August  10, 
1858;  died  in  Shepherdstown,  Va.,  November  26, 
1858. 


468 


CONGRESSIONAL   DIRECTORY. 


Bee,  Thomas,  a  Delegate  from  South  Carolina; 
native  of  South  Carolina,  born  in  1729;  studied 
law,  admitted  to  the  bar  and  practiced;  member 
of  the  state  house  of  representatives;  member  of 
the  royal  privy  council ;  took  an  active  part  in  the 
Revolution,  and  was  a  member  of  the  council  of 
safety;  lieutenant  governor;  sat  in  the  Continental 
Congress  1780-1782;  judge  of  the  United  States 
court  for  the  district  of  South  Carolina;  in  1810 

Sublished  Reports  of  the  District  Courts  of  South 
arolina. 

Beebe,  George  M.,  a  Representative  from  New 
York;  born  in  New  Vernon,  N.  Y.,  October  28, 
1836;  studied  law  at  the  University  of  Albany; 
admitted  to  the  bar  and  commenced  practice;  in 
1859  moved  to  Kansas;  member  of  the  Territorial 
council,  secretary  of  the  territory,  and  acting  gov- 
ernor; went  to  Nevada  in  1863;  appointed  collector 
of  internal  revenue  by  President  Johnson,  but 
declined;  and  then  returned  to  Monticello,  N.  Y., 
and  edited  the  Republican  Watchman;  president 
of  the  state  Democratic  conventions  in  New  York 
in  1873-1874;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Forty- 
fourth  and  Forty-fifth  Congresses  (March  4,  1875- 
March  3, 1879);  delegate  in  the  Democratic  national 
conventions  of  1876, 1880,  and  1892;  member  of  state 
assembly  1872-1873;  judge  of  the  state  court  of 
claims  1883-1900;  took  up  his  residence  in  Ellen- 
ville,  Ulster  county,  N.  Y. 

Beecher,  Philemon,  a  Representative  from 
Ohio;  born  in  New  Haven,  Conn.,  in  1775;  studied 
law  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar;  moved  to  Ohio 
and  continued  the  practice  of  law;  elected  as  a 
Federalist  to  the  Fifteenth  and  Sixteenth  Con- 
gresses (March  4,  1817-March  3,  1821);  reflected  to 
the  Eighteenth,  Nineteenth,  and  Twentieth  Con- 
gresses (March  4,  1823-March  3,  1829);  died  in 
Lancaster,  Ohio,  November  30,  1839. 

Beekman,  Thomas,  a  Representative  from  New 
York;  native  of  that  state;  elected  to  the  Twen- 
tieth Congress  (March  4,  1827-March  3,  1829). 

Beeman,  Joseph  H.,  a  Representative  from 
Mississippi;  born  in  Gates  county,  N.  C.,  November 
17,  1833;  his  parents  moved  in  1847  to  Morgan 
county,  Ala.,  and  to  Mississippi  in  1849;  elected  to 
the  legislature  in  1883, 1885,  1887,  and  1889;  con- 
nected with  the  Farmers'  Alliance  and  served  as 
chairman  of  the  executive  committee;  elected  as  a 
Democrat  to  the  Fifty-second  Congress  (March  4, 
1891-March  3, 1893);  died  at  his  farm  home  in  Scott 
county,  Miss.,  July  31,  1909. 

Beers,  Cyrus,  a  Representative  from  New  York; 
born  in  the  city  of  New  York;  attended  the  public 
schools;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Twenty-fifth 
Congress,  to  fill  the  vacancy  caused  by  the  death  of 
Andrew  D.  W.  Bruyn,  and  served  from  December 
3,  1838,  to  March  3,  1839. 

Beeson,  Henry  White,  a  Representative  from 
Pennsylvania;  born  in  Union  town,  Pa.,  September 
14,  1791;  attended  the  public  schools;  elected  as  a 
Democrat  to  the  Twenty-seventh  Congress,  to  fill 
vacancy  caused  by  the  resignation  of  Enos  Hook, 
and  served  from  May  31,  1841,  to  March  3,  1843; 
died  near  Uniontown,  Pa.,  October  28,  1863. 

Begole,  Josiah  W. ,  a  Representative  from  Mich- 
igan; born  in  Groveland,  N.  Y.,  January  20,  1815; 
attended  the  public  schools;  moved  to  Genesee 
county,  Mich.,  in  August,  1836;  elected  county 
treasurer  four  successive  terms  from  1856-1864; 
went  into  the  lumber  business  in  1863;  elected  to 


the  State  senate  in  1871;  member  of  the  board  of 
aldermen  for  the  city  of  Flint  for  three  years;  dele- 
gate to  the  Republican  national  convention  in 
Philadelphia  in  1872;  elected  as  a  Republican  to 
the  Forty-third  Congress  (March  4,  1873-March  3, 
1875);  governor  of  Michigan  in  1882,  elected  upon 
a  combination  Greenback-Democratic  ticket;  died 
in  Flint,  Mich.,  June  5,  1896. 

Beidler,  Jacob  Atlee,  a  Representative  from 
Ohio;  born  near  Valley  Forge,  Pa.,  November  2, 
1852;  attended  the  country  schools  and  Locke's 
seminary,  Norristown,  Pa.,  for  four  years;  moved 
to  Ohio  and  engaged  in  the  coal  business;  elected 
as  a  Republican  to  the  Fifty-seventh,  Fifty-eighth, 
and  Fifty-ninth  Congresses  (March  4,  1901-March 

3,  1907). 

Beirne,  Andrew,  a  Representative  from  Vir- 
ginia; born  in  Dengan,  Roscommon  county,  Ireland, 
in  1771;  emigrated  to  Virginia  and  settled  in  Union, 
Monroe  county;  member  of  the  state  legislature 
1807-1808;  member  of  the  Virginia  constitutional 
convention  of  1829-1830;  state  seantor  1831-1836; 
Presidential  elector  in  1836;  participated  in  the 
Revolutionary  war  as  captain  and  then  as  colonel 
of  the  Monroe  county  rifles;  elected  as  a  Van  Buren 
Democrat  to  the  Twenty-fifth  and  Twenty-sixth 
Congresses  (March  4,  1837-March  3,  1841);  died  in 
Gainesville,  Ala.,  March  16,  1845;  interment  at 
Union,  Va. 

Belcher,  Hiram,  a  Representative  from  Maine; 
born  in  Augusta,  Me.  (then  Massachusetts),  June 
10,  1790;  attended  Hallowell  academy;  studied 
law,  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  in  1812  began  practice 
in' Augusta;  member  of  the  state  house  of  repre- 
sentatives for  several  terms;  elected  as  a  Whig  to 
the  Thirtieth  Congress  (March  4,  1847-March  3, 
1849);  died  in  Augusta,  Me.,  May  7,  1857. 

Belcher,  Nathan,  a  Representative  from  Con- 
necticut; born  in  Griswold,  Conn.,  June  23,  1813; 
was  graduated  f  rom  Amherst  college  in  1832 ;  studied 
law  at  the  Cambridge  law  school;  admitted  to  the 
bar  in  1836,  and  commenced  practice  in  Clinton, 
Conn.;  in  1841  moved  to  New  London,  where  he 
became  a  manufacturer;  member  of  the  state  house 
of  representatives  in  1846-47  and  of  the  state 
senate  in  1850;  presidential  elector  in  1852;  elected 
as  a  Democrat  to  the  Thirty-third  Congress  (March  4, 
1853-March  3,  1855);  died  in  New  London,  Conn., 
June  3,  1891. 

Belden,  George  O.,  a  Representative  from  New 
York;  born  in  the  city  of  New  York;  attended  the 
public  schools;  studied  law  with  Charles  Baker  of 
Bloomingburg,  N.  Y.,  was  admitted  to  the  bar  and 
practiced ;  elected  to  the  Twentieth  Congress  (March 

4,  1827-March  3,  1829);  died  in  Monticello,  N.  Y., 
October  9,  1833;  interment  in  the  old  cemetery  on 
St.  John  street. 

Belden,  James  Jerome,  a  Representative  from 
New  York;  born  in  Fabius,  Onondaga  county,  Sep- 
tember 30,  1825;  attended  the  common  schools; 
early  engaged  in  business;  director  and  trustee  in 
several  banks  and  president  of  the  Robert  Gere 
bank,  which  he  established ;  for  many  years  engaged 
in  the  construction  of  railroads,  public  works,  and 
improvements  in  the  United  States  and  Canada; 
elected  mayor  of  Syracuse  in  1877  and  1878; 
elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Fiftieth  Congress,  to 
fill  vacancy  caused  by  the  resignation  of  Frank 
Hiscock;  reelected  to  the  Fifty-first,  Fifty-second, 
Fifty- third  Congresses;  and  served  from  March  4, 
1887,  to  March  3,  1895;  reelected  to  the  Fifty-fifth 


BIOGRAPHIES. 


469 


Congress  (March  4,  1897-March  3,  1899);  died  in 
Syracuse,  N.  Y.,  December  31,  1903. 

Belford,  James  Burns,  a  Representative  from 
Colorado;  born  in  Lewistown,  Pa.,  September  28, 
1837;  attended  Dickinson  college;  studied  law  and 
practiced;  moved  to  Indiana;  Presidential  elector 
on  the  Lincoln-Johnson  ticket  in  1864 ;  member  of 
the  legislature  of  Indiana  1866-1868;  moved  to 
Colorado ;  appointed  one  of  the  judgesof  the  supreme 
court  of  Colorado  in  1870  and  held  the  office  for 
five  years;  on  the  admission  of  Colorado  as  a  State, 
was  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Forty -fourth, 
Forty-fifth,  Forty-sixth,  Forty-seventh,  and  Forty- 
eighth  Congresses;  served  from  January  31,  1877, 
to  March  3, 1885;  died  in  Denver,  Colo.,  January  7, 
1910. 

Belford,  Joseph  McCrum,  a  Representative 
from  New  York;  born  in  Mifflintown,  Pa.,  August 
5,  1852;  was  graduated  from  Dickinson  college, 
Carlisle,  Pa.,  in  1871;  moved  to  Long  Island  in 
1884;  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1889;  elected  as  a 
Republican  to  the  Fifty-fifth  Congress  (March  4, 
1897-March  3, 1899);  resumed  the  practice  of  law  in 
Riverhead,  Suffolk  county,  N.  Y.;  surrogate  of 
Suffolk  county  1904-1910. 

Belknap,  Charles  Eugene,  a  Representative 
from  Michigan;  born  in  Massena,  St.  Lawrence 
county,  N.  Y.,  October  17,  1846;  his  parents 
removed  to  Grand  Rapids,  Mich.,  in  1855;  attended 
the  common  schools;  left  school  August  14,  1862, 
and  enlisted  in  the  twenty-first  regiment  Michigan 
infantry;  received  a  captain's  commission  January 
22,  1864;  served  until  June,  1865,  with  the  army  of 
the  Cumberland;  served  eleven  years  on  board  of 
education;  two  years  as  alderman,  and  one  year  as 
mayor;  engaged  in  the  manufacture  of  wagons  and 
sleighs;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Fifty-first 
and  Fifty-second  Congresses  at  the  election  Novem- 
ber 3,  1891,  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  the  death  of 
Melbourne  H.  Ford,  and  served  from  March  4, 1889, 
to  March  3,  1893. 

Belknap,  Hugh  Held,  a  Representative  from 
Illinois;  born  in  Keokuk,  Iowa,  September  1, 1860; 
attended  the  public  schools  there,  the  Adams 
academy,  Quincy,  Mass.,  and  Phillips  academy,  at 
And  over,  Mass.;  at  the  age  of  eighteen  entered  the 
service  of  the  Baltimore  &  Ohio  Railroad  Co.  in  a 
minor  capacity;  remained  with  this  company  for 
twelve  years,  filling  various  positions  in  practical 
railroading  in  the  operating  department,  and  re- 
tired as  chief  clerk  to  the  general  manager  in  1892  to 
become  superintendent  of  the  South  Side  rapid 
transit  railroad,  of  Chicago;  elected  to  the  Fifty- 
fourth  Congress  as  a  Republican;  the  election  was 
contested,  and  a  recount  showed  a  plurality  in  his 
favor;  he  was  seated  by  the  House  of  Representa- 
tives; reelected  to  the  Fifty -fifth  Congress  and 
served  from  December  27,  1895,  to  March  3,  1899; 
in  1899  appointed  a  paymaster  in  the  Regular 
Army;  died  in  Calamba,  Laguna  de  Luzon,  Novem- 
ber 12,  1901. 

Bell,  Charles  Henry,  a  Senator  from  New 
Hampshire;  born  in  Chester,  N.  H.,  November  18, 
1823;  was  graduated  from  Dartmouth  college  in 
1844;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and 
practiced  in  Chester,  Great  Falls,  and  Exeter; 
was  county  solicitor  for  ten  years;  a  representative 
in  the  state  legislature  1858-1860,  and  speaker  of 
the  house  of  representatives  the  last  year;  state 
senator  1863-1864,  and  president  of  the  body  the 
last-named  year;  appointed  United  States  Senator 


in  March,  1879,  to  fill  vacancy  in  term  beginning 
March  4,  1879,  and  served  from  March  13,  1879,  to 
June  18,  1879;  governor  of  New  Hampshire  from 
June,  1881,  to  June,  1883,  being  elected  as  a  Re- 
publican; president  of  the  state  constitutional  con- 
vention in  1889,  and  president  of  the  state  his- 
torical society  for  many  years;  died  in  Exeter, 
N.  H.,  November  12,  1893. 

Bell,  Charles  Keith,  a  Representative  from 
Texas;  born  in  Chattanooga,  Tenn.,  April  18,  1853; 
removed  to  Texas  in  1871;  admitted  to  the  bar  in 
1874;  elected  district  attorney,  state  senator,  and 
district  judge,  serving  four  years  in  each  position; 
delegate  to  the  Democratic  national  convention  in 
1884;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Fifty-third  and 
Fifty-fourth  Congresses  (March  4,  1893-March  3, 
1897);  resumed  the  practice  of  law  in  Fort  Worth, 
Tex.;  attorney  general  1901-1904. 

Bell,  Hiram,  a  Representative  from  Ohio;  born 
in  Salem,  Vt.,  April  22,  1808;  attended  the  public 
schools;  removed  to  Hamilton,  Ohio,  in  1826; 
studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1829  and 
began  practice  in  Greenville;  county  auditor  1829 
and  1834 ;  member  of  the  state  legislature  1837-1839 ; 
elected  as  a  Whig  to  the  Thirty-second  Congress 
(March  4,  1851-March  3,  1853);  died  in  Greenville, 
Ohio,  December  21,  1855. 

Bell,  Hiram  Parks,  a  Representative  from 
Georgia;  born  in  Jackson  county,  Ga.,  January  19, 
1827 ;  taught  school  two  years,  during  which  time  he 
studied  law,  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar  November 
28,  1849;  afterwards  practiced  in  Gumming,  Ga.; 
elected  a  member  of  the  secession  convention  in 
1861,  and  opposed  the  secession  ordinance;  com- 
missioner from  Georgia  to  solicit  the  cooperation  of 
Tennessee  in  the  formation  of  a  Southern  confed- 
eracy; member  of  the  State  senate  in  1861,  and 
resigned  to  remain  in  the  Confederate  army,  which 
he  had  entered  in  1862  as  captain;  was  promoted 
lieutenant  colonel  and  colonel  of  the  Forty-third 
Georgia  Regiment;  member  of  the  Second  Confed- 
erate congresa  in  1864-1865;  United  States  presi- 
dential elector  in  1868;  member  of  the  state  Demo- 
cratic executive  committee,  1868-1871;  elected  as 
a  Democrat  to  the  Forty-third  Congress  (March  4, 
1873-March  3,  1875);  delegate  to  the  Democratic 
national  convention  at  St.  Louis  that  nominated 
Tilden  and  Hendricks;  chosen  from  the  state  at 
large  a  member  of  the  Democratic  national  commit- 
tee; again  elected  to  the  Forty -fifth  Congress  to  fill 
•the  vacancy  caused  by  the  election  of  Benjamin  H. 
Hill  to  the  United  States  Senate,  and  served  from 
March  4,  1877,  to  March  3,  1879;  died  in  Atlanta, 
Ga.,  August  17,  1907. 

Bell,  James?  a  Senator  from  New  Hampshire; 
born  in  Francistown,  Hillsboro  county,  N.  H., 
November  13, 1804;  prepared  for  college  at  Phillips 
academy,  Andover,  Mass.,  and  was  graduated  from 
Bowdoin  college  in  1822;  studied  law  at  the  Litch- 
field  law  school,  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1825, 
and  began  practice  in  Gilmanton,  N.  H.;  in  1831 
moved  to  Exeter  and  then  to  Gilford  in  1846; 
member  of  the  state  house  of  representatives  in 
1846;  delegate  to  the  state  constitutional  conven- 
tion in  1850;  elected  a  United  States  Senator  as  a 
Whig  and  served  from  July  30,  1855,  until  his 
death  in  Laconia,  N.  H.,  May  26,  1857. 

Bell,  James  M.,  a  Representative  from  Ohio; 
born  in  that  state;  attended  the  public  schools; 
elected  as  a  Clay  Democrat  to  the  Twenty-third 
Congress  (March  4,  1833-March  3,  1835). 


470 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 


Bell,  John,  a  Representative  and  a  Senator  from 
Tennessee;  bom  near  Nashville,  Tenn.,  February 
15,  1797;  was1  graduated  from  the  University  of 
Nash  villein  1814;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the 
bar  in  1816,  and  began  practice  in  Franklin,  Tenn. ; 
elected  to  the  state  senate  in  1817;  declined  reelec- 
tion and  moved  to  Nashville;  elected  as  a  Whig 
to  the  Twentieth,  Twenty -first,  Twenty-second, 
Twenty-third,  Twenty-fourth,  Twenty-fifth,  and 
Twenty -sixth  Congresses  (March  4,  1827-March  3, 
1841);  Speaker  of  the  House  of  Representatives 
during  the  second  session  of  the  Twenty-third 
Congress;  appointed  by  President  Harrison  Secre- 
tary of  War,  March  5, 1841,  but  resigned  September 
12,  1841;  in  1847  elected  to  the  state  house  of  repre- 
sentatives of  Tennessee;  elected  to  the  United 
States  Senate;  reelected,  and  served  from  Novem- 
ber 22,  1847,  to  March  3,  1859;  unsuccessful  presi- 
dential candidate  with  Edward  Everett  for  Vice 
President;  interested  in  iron  works  in  Chattanooga, 
Tenn. ;  died  in  his  home  near  Cumberland  River, 
September  10,  1869. 

Bell,  John,  a  Representative  from  Ohio;  born 
in  Pennsboro,  Lycoming  county,  Pa.,  June  19, 
1796;  emigrated  to  Ohio  in  1810  and  located  in 
Lower  Sandusky;  mayor  in  1823;  probate  judge  of 
Sandusky  county  several  terms;  commanded  Ohio 
forces  in  the  Toledo  war  in  1835;  postmaster  of 
Lower  Sandusky  1838-1844;  member  state  house 
of  representatives  several  terms;  elected  as  a  Whig 
to  the  Thirty-first  Congress,  to  fill  vacancy  caused 
by  the  death  of  Amos  E.  Wood,  and  served  from 
January  7, 1851,  to  March  3, 1851;  died  in  Fremont, 
Ohio,  May  4,  1869. 

Bell,  John  Calhoun,  a  Representative  from 
Colorado;  born  near  Sewanee,  Tenn.,  December  11, 
1851;  attended  private  schools  in  Franklin  county, 
Tenn.;  read  law  in  Winchester,  Tenn.,  was  ad- 
mitted to  the  bar  in  1874,  and  the  same  year 
moved  to  Colorado  and  commenced  practice  in 
Saguache  in  June,  1874;  appointed  county  attor- 
ney and  served  until  May,  1876,  when  he  resigned 
and  went  to  Lake  City,  Colo.;  elected  county 
clerk  of  Hinsdale  county  in  1878;  twice  elected 
mayor  of  Lake  City,  and  resigned  in  August,  1885; 
took  up  his  residence  in  Montrose;  in  November, 
1888,  elected  judge  of  the  seventh  judicial  district; 
elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Fifty-third,  Fifty- 
fourth,  Fifty-fifth,  Fifty-sixth,  and  Fifty-seventh 
Congresses  (March  4,  1893-March  3,  1903);  resumed 
the  practice  of  law  in  Montrose,  Colo. 

Bell,  Joshua  Fry,  a  Representative  from  Ken- 
tucky; born  in  Danville,  Ky.,  November  26,  1811; 
attended  the  public  schools;  studied  law,  was  ad- 
mitted to  the  bar,  and  began  practice  in  Danville, 
Ky . ;  elected  as  a  Whig  to  the  Twenty -ninth  Congress 
(March  4,  1845-March  3,  1847);  appointed  secretary 
of  state  of  Kentucky  in  July,  1849;  delegate  to  the 
peace  convention  in  1861;  member  of  the  state 
house  of  representatives  in  1865;  died  in  Danville, 
Ky.,  August  17,  1870. 

Bell,  Peter  Hansbrough,  a  Representative 
from  Texas;  born  in  Virginia,  March  11,  1810; 
attended  the  public  schools;  moved  to  Texas  in 
1836;  participated  in  the  battle  of  San  Jacinto, 
April  21,  1836;  assistant  adjutant  general  of  Texas 
forces  in  1837  and  inspector  general  in  1839;  served 
in  the  Mexican  War  as  captain  of  Texas  volun- 
teer rangers  1845-1846,  and  lieutenant  colonel  of 
mounted  volunteers;  in  1848-1849  colonel  of  a 
Texas  volunteer  regiment;  governor  of  Texas  1849- 
1853;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Thirty-third 


and  Thirty-fourth  Congresses  (March  4, 1853-March 
3,  1857);  moved  to  North  Carolina  in  1857;  died  in 
Littleton,  N.  C.,  March  8,  1898. 

Bell,  Samuel,  a  Senator  from  New  Hampshire; 
born  in  Londonderry,  N.  H.,  February  9,  1770; 
was  graduated  from  Dartmouth  college  in  1793; 
studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1796,  and 
practiced  in  Chester,  N.  H.;  member  of  the  state 
legislature  1804-1808,  and  served  as  speaker;  state 
senator  and  president  of  the  senate  in  1807-1808; 
state  councilor  in  1809;  judge  of  the  state  supreme 
court  1816-1819;  governor  of  New  Hampshire  1819- 
1823;  elected  to  the  United  States  Senate;  re- 
elected  in  1829,  and  served  from  March  4,  1823,  to 
March  3,  1835;  died  in  Chester,  N.  H.,  December 

23,  1850. 

Bell,  Samuel  Newell,  a  Representative  from 
New  Hampshire;  born  in  Chester,  N.  H.,  March  25, 
1829;  was  graduated  from  Dartmouth  college  in 
1847;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and 
practiced  in  Manchester,  N.  H.;  elected  as  a 
Democrat  to  the  Forty-second  Congress  (March  4, 
1871-March  3,  1873);  reelected  to  the  Forty-fourth 
Congress  (March  4,  1875-March  3,  1877);  appointed 
by  the  governor  and  council  chief  justice  of  the 
superior  court  of  New  Hampshire  but  declined; 
retired  from  practice  in  1876;  died  in  Woodstock, 
N.  H.,  February  8,  1889. 

Bell,  Theodore  Arlington,  a  Representative 
from  California;  bom  in  Vallejo,  Cal.,  July  25, 
1872;  went  with  his  parents  to  St.  Helena,  Napa 
county,  in  1878;  attended  the  common  schools; 
studied  law,  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar  July  25, 
1893;  elected  district  attorney  of  Napa  county  in 
1894  and  in  1898  and  served  eight  years;  elected 
as  a  Republican  to  the  Fifty-eighth  Congress 
(March  4,  1903-March  3, 1905);  defeated  candidate 
lor  governor  in  1906  and  1910;  established  in  the 
practice  of  law  in  San  Francisco,  Cal. 

Bell,  Thomas  Montgomery,  a  Representative 
from  Georgia;  born  in  Nachoochee  Valley,  White 
county,  Ga.,  March  17,  1861;  attended  the  com- 
mon schools  and  the  Southern  business  college, 
Atlanta,  Ga.;  connected  for  many  years  with 
wholesale  business  houses  in  Atlanta,  Ga.,  and 
Baltimore,  Md. ;  elected  clerk  of  the  superior  court 
of  Hall  county  in  1898, 1900,  and  1902;  elected  as  a 
Democrat  to  the  Fifty-ninth,  Sixtieth,  and  Sixty- 
first  Congresses  (March  4,  1905-March  3,  1911). 
Reelected  to  the  Sixty-second  Congress. 

Bellamy,  John  Dillard,  a  Representative  from 
North  Carolina;  born  in  Wilmington,  N.  C.,  March 

24,  1854;   attended  the  Cape  Fear  military  acad- 
emy, and  was  graduated  from  Davidson  college, 
North  Carolina,  in  1873,  and  from  the  University 
of  Virginia  in  1874;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to 
the  bar,   and  practiced  in   Wilmington,    N.  C.; 
city  attorney  of  Wilmington;    state  senator,  and 
one  of  the  delegates  at  large  to  the  Democratic 
national  convention  of  1892;  elected  as  a  Democrat 
to  the  Fifty-sixth  and  Fifty-seventh  Congresses 
(March  4,  1899-March  3,  1903);  resumed  the  prac- 
tice of  law  in  Wilmington,  N.  C. 

Bellinger,  Joseph,  a  Representative  from 
South  Carolina;  born  in  that  state;  presidential 
elector  on  the  Madison  and  Clinton  ticket;  elected 
to  the  Fifteenth  Congress  (March  4,  1817-March  3, 
1819). 

Belmont,  Oliver  Hazard  Perry,  a  Representa- 
tive from  New  York;  born  in  New  York  City,  No- 


BIOGKAPHIES. 


471 


vember  12,  1858;  attended  the  United  States  naval 
academy,  Annapolis,  and  served  two  years  in  the 
United  States  navy,  when  he  resigned;  at  one  time 
member  of  the  firm  of  August  Belmont  &  Co., 
bankers,  New  York;  publisher  of  The  Verdict,  a 
weekly  paper;  delegate  to  the  Democratic  national 
convention  in  Kansas  City,  July  4,  1900;  elected  as 
a  Democrat  to  the  Fifty -seventh  Congress  (March  4, 
1901-March  3,  1903);  died  in  Hempstead,  N.  Y., 
June  10,  1908. 

Belmont,  Perry,  a  Representative  from  New 
York;  born  in  the  city  of  New  York,  December  28, 
1851;  was  graduated  from  Harvard  college  in  1872; 
studied  civil  law  at  the  University  of  Berlin;  was 
graduated  from  the  Columbia  law  school  in  1876, 
and  engaged  in  practice  in  New  York  City;  elected 
as  a  Democrat  to  the  Forty-seventh,  Forty -eighth, 
Forty-ninth,  and  Fiftieth  Congresses,  and  served 
from  March  4,  1881,  to  December  1,  1888,  when  he 
resigned;  United  States  minister  to  Spain  1888- 
1889;  delegate  to  the  Democratic  national  conven- 
tion in  1896;  major  and  inspector  general  first 
division,  second  army  corps,  United  States  volun- 
teers, in  1898 ;  resumed  the  practice  of  law  in  New 
York  City,  with  winter  residence  in  Washington, 
D.  C. 

Belser,  James  Edwin,  a  Representative  from 
Alabama;  bora  in  Charleston,  S.  C.,  December  22, 
1805;  attended  the  public  schools;  moved  to  Mont- 
gomery, Ala.,  where  he  studied  law  and  was  ad- 
mitted to  practice;  elected  clerk  of  the  county 
court  and  afterwards  county  solicitor;  elected  as  a 
Democrat  to  the  Twenty-eighth  Congress  (March  4, 
1843-March  3,  1845) ;  member  of  the  state  house 
of  representatives  in  1853-1855;  died  in  Mont- 
gomery, Ala.,  January  16,  1859. 

Beltzhoover,  Frank  Eckels,  a  Representative 
from  Pennsylvania;  born  in  Silver  Spring  township, 
Cumberland  county,  Pa.,  November  6,  1841;  at- 
tended Big  Spring  academy,  Newville;  was  grad- 
uated from  Pennsylvania  college,  Gettysburg,  in 
1862;  read  law,  and  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1864  in 
Carlisle,  where  he  practiced;  chairman  of  the 
Democratic  committee  of  Cumberland  county  in 
1868  and  1873;  district  attorney  1874-1877;  dele- 
gate to  the  Democratic  national  convention  at  St. 
Louis  in  1876;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Forty- 
sixth  and  Forty-seventh  Congresses  (March  4, 1879- 
March  3,  1883);  again  elected  to  the  Fifty -second 
and  Fifty-third  Congresses  (March  4, 1891-March  3, 
1895);  resumed  the  practice  of  law  in  Carlisle,  Pa. 

Benedict,  Charles  Brewster,  a  Representative 
from  New  York;  born  in  Attica,  N.  Y.,  February 
7,  1828;  studied  law  and  in  1856  was  admitted  to 
the  bar;  engaged  in  the  banking  business  in  Attica; 
for  five  years  member  of  the  board  of  supervisors  of 
Wyoming  county;  in  1875  member  of  the  Demo- 
cratic state  committee;  presidential  elector  on  the 
Democratic  ticket  in  1876 ;  elected  as  a  Democrat 
to  the  Forty-fifth  Congress  (March  4,  1877-March 
3,  1879);  died  in  Attica,  N.  Y.,  October  3,  1901. 

Benjamin,  JohnForbes,  a  Representative  from 
Missouri; borninCicero,  N.  Y.,  January  23, 1817; at- 
tended the  public  schools;  moved  to  Texas  in  1845, 
where  he  resided  three  years,  and  then  to  Missouri; 
studied  law  and  began  practice  in  Shelbyville  in 
1848;  member  of  the  state  house  of  representatives 
1850-1852;  presidential  elector  on  the  Buchanan 
ticket  in  1856;  entered  the  Union  Army  as  a  private 
in  1861  and  was  promoted  to  captain,  major,  lieu- 
tenant colonel,  and  brigadier  general;  in  1863-64 


provost  marshal  of  the  eighth  district  of  Missouri; 
delegate  to  the  Democratic  national  convention  in 
Baltimore  in  1864;  elected  as  a  Radical  to  the 
Thirty-ninth,  Fortieth,  and  Forty-first  Congresses 
(March  4,  1865-March  3,  1871);  after  his  retirement 
from  Congress  engaged  in  the  practice  of  law  in 
Washington,  D.  C.,  until  his  death,  which  occurred 
March  8,  1877. 

Benjamin,  Judah  Philip,  a  Senator  from 
Louisiana;  born  in  St.  Croix,  W.  I.,  August  11, 
1811;  came  with  his  parents  to  Savannah,  Ga.,  in 
1816,  and  later  to  Wilmington,  N.  C.;  attended 
Yale  college;  in  1831  moved  to  New  Orleans;  taught 
school;  notary's  clerk;  studied  law  and  began  prac- 
tice in  1834;  member  of  the  state  constitutional 
convention  in  1845;  elected  United  States  Senator 
in  1853  as  a  Whig  and  reelected  in  1859  as  a  Con- 
servative; served  from  March  4,  1853,  until  he  re- 
signed February  4,  1861;  appointed  attorney  gen- 
eral of  the  Confederacy  February  21,  1861;  sena- 
torial seat  declared  vacant  by  resolution  of  March 

14,  1861;  appointed  acting  secretary  of  war  of  the 
Confederacy  in  August,  1861,  and  secretary  of  war 
from  November  10,  1861,  until  February  7,  1862, 
when  he  was  appointed  secretary  of  state;  removed 
to  Great  Britain  and  became  a  member  of  the  bar 
in  London;  received  the  appointment  of  Queen's 
counsel  for  Lancaster;  died  in  Paris,  France,  May 

8,  1884. 

Benner,  George  Jacob,  a  Representative  from 
Pennsylvania;  born  in  Gettysburg,  Pa.,  April  13, 
1859 ;  was  graduated  from  the  Pennsylvania  college, 
Gettysburg,  in  1878;  after  several  years  devoted  to 
teaching,  admitted  a  member  of  the  Adams  county 
bar  December  31,  1881;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to 
the  Fifty-fifth  Congress  (March  4,  1897-March  3, 
1899);  resumed  the  practice  of  law  in  Gettysburg, 
Pa. 

Bennet,  Benjamin,  a  Representative  from 
New  Jersey;  born  in  Bucks  county,  Pa.,  October 
31,  1764;  attended  the  public  schools;  studied 
theology  and  was  ordained  as  a  Baptist  minister 
in  Middletown,  N.  J.;  elected  to  the  Fourteenth 
and  Fifteenth  Congresses,  and  served  from  January 

15,  1816,  to  March  3,  1819;  died  in  Middletown, 
N.  J.,  October  8,  1840;  interment  in  the  Baptist 
cemetery,  Holmdel,  N.  J. 

Bennet,  William  Stiles,  a  Representative  from 
New  York;  born  in  Port  Jervis,  N.  Y.,  November 

9,  1870;  removed  to  New  York  City  in  March, 
1893;  was  graduated  from  the  Port  Jervis  academy 
in  1889  and  from  the  Albany  law  school  in  1892; 
was  admitted  to  the  bar  May  12,  1892;  was  official 
reporter  of  the  Orange  county  board  of  supervisors 
1892-1893;  member  of  state  assembly  1901-1902; 
justice  of  the  municipal  court  of  the  city  of  New 
York  1903;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Fifty- 
ninth,  Sixtieth,  and  Sixty-first  Congresses  (March 
4, 1905-March  3, 1911) ;  resumed  the  practice  of  law 
in  New  York  City. 

Bennett,  Charles  Goodwin,  a  Representative 
from  New  York;  born  in  the  city  of  Brooklyn, 
December  11,  1863;  attended  the  common  schools, 
and  was  graduated  from  the  public  schools  and 
from  the  Brooklyn  high  school;  studied  law  and 
was  graduated  from  the  New  York  law  school  and 
was  admitted  to  practice;  unsuccessful  candidate 
for  the  Fifty-third  Congress;  elected  as  a  Republi- 
can to  the  Fifty-fourth  and  Fifty -fifth  Congresses 
(March  4,  1895-March  3,  1897);  unsuccessful  can- 
didate for  reelection  to  the  Fifty-sixth  Congress; 


472 


CONGKESSIONAL   DIRECTORY. 


elected  Secretary  of  United  States  Senate  January 
29, 1900. 

Bennett,  David  S.,  a  Representative  from  New 
York;  was  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Forty- 
first  Congress  (March  4,  1869-March  3,  1871). 

Bennett,  Granville  G.,  a  Delegate  from  the 
Territory  of  Dakota;  born  in  Butler  county,  Ohio, 
October  9, 1833;  spent  his  youth  in  Fayette  county, 
Ohio;  his  parents  moved  to  Fulton  county,  111.,  in 
1849,  and  to  Washington,  Iowa,  in  1855;  attended 
Howe's  academy,  Mount  Pleasant,  and  Washing- 
ton college,  Iowa;  studied  law  and  in  1859  began 
practice  in  Washington;  served  in  the  Union 
Army  as  a  commissioned  officer  from  July,  1861,  to 
August,  1865;  elected  a  member  of  the  state  house 
of  representatives  in  1865  for  two  years,  and  to  the 
state  senate  in  1867  for  four  years;  appointed  asso- 
ciate justice  of  the  supreme  court  of  the  Territory 
of  Dakota  February  24,  1875;  elected  a  Delegate  as 
a  Republican  to  the  Forty-sixth  Congress  (March  4, 
1879-March  3,  1881);  after  leaving  Congress,  re- 
sumed the  practice  of  law  in  Yankton,  S.  D. 

Bennett,  Hendley  S.,  a  Representative  from 
Mississippi;  born  in  Williamson  county,  Tenn., 
March  7,  1807;  attended  the  public  schools; 
studied  law  and  commenced  practice  in  Missis- 
sippi in  1830;  circuit  judge  1846-1854;  elected  as  a 
Democrat  to  the  Thirty-fourth  Congress  (March  4, 
1855-March  3,  1857). 

Bennett,  Henry,  a  Representative  from  New 
York;  born  in  New  Lisbon,  N.  Y.,  September  29, 
1808;  attended  the  public  schools;  studied  law  and 
commenced  practice  in  New  Berlin,  N.  Y.,  in 
1832;  elected  as  a  Whig  to  the  Thirty -first  Con- 
gress and  as  a  Republican  to  the  Thirty -second, 
Thirty-third,  Thirty-fourth,  and  Thirty-fifth  Con- 
gresses, and  served  from  March  4,  1849,  to  March  3, 
1859;  died  in  New  Berlin,  N.  Y.,  May  10,  1868. 

Bennett,  Hiram  Pits,  a  Delegate  from  the  Ter- 
ritory of  Colorado;  born  in  Carthage,  Me.,  Septem- 
ber 2, 1826 ;  attended  the  public  schools;  studied  law 
and  commenced  practice  in  western  Iowa;  elected 
judge  of  the  circuit  court  there  in  1852;  moved  to 
Nebraska  Territory  in  1854  and  elected  a  member 
of  the  Territorial  council  the  same  year;  in  1858 
elected  to  the  state  house  of  representatives  and 
chosen  speaker;  in  1859  went  to  the  Territory  of 
Colorado;  elected  Delegate  as  a  Conservative 
Republican  to  the  Thirty-seventh  and  Thirty- 
eighth  Congresses  (March  4,  1861-March  3,  1865) ; 
appointed  secretary  of  state  of  Colorado  in  March, 
1867;  postmaster  of  Denver,  Colo.,  1870-1875;  sena- 
tor in  the  first  state  legislature  in  1876;  appointed 
"state  agent"  in  1888  and  served  until  1895  in  re- 
covering lands  belonging  to  Colorado  but  wrong- 
fully disposed  of;  retired  from  active  duties;  a 
resident  of  Denver,  Colo. 

Bennett,  Joseph  Bentley,  a  Representative 
from  Kentucky;  born  in  Greenup  county,  Ky., 
April  21, 1859;  attended  the  common  schools  of  the 
county  and  the  Greenup  academy;  taught  in  the 
schools  of  that  county;  studied  law  and  was  ad- 
mitted to  the  bar  August  30,  1878;  in  1894  elected 
by  the  Republicans  of  Greenup  county  for  county 
judge  for  the  term  of  three  years;  reelected  in  1897 
and  1901;  in  1900  and  1904  was  a  member  of  the 
Republican  state  central  committee;  elected  as 
a  Republican  to  the  Fifty-ninth,  Sixtieth,  and 
Sixty -first  Congresses  (March  4,  1905-March  3, 
1911);  resumed  the  practice  of  law  in  Greenup,  Ky. 


Bennett,  Risden  Tyler,  a  Representative  from 
North  Carolina;  born  in  Wadesboro,  Anson  county, 
N.  C.,  June  18,  1840;  attended  Anson  institute;  was 
graduated  from  the  Lebanon  law  school,  Tennessee, 
in  June,  1859;  entered  the  Confederate  army  as  a 
private  April  30, 1861,  and  left  the  service  as  colonel 
of  the  fourteenth  North  Carolina  troop;  solicitor  of 
Anson  county,  1866-1867 ;  member  of  the  legislature 
in  1872;  delegate  to  the  constitutional  convention 
of  the  state  in  1875;  judge  of  the  superior  court  in 
1880;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Forty-eighth 
and  Forty-ninth  Congresses  (March  4,  1883-March 
3,  1887);  after  leaving  Congress  resumed  the  prac- 
tice of  law  in  Wadesboro,  N.  C. 

Bennett,  Thomas  Warren,  a  Delegate  from 
the  Territory  of  Idaho;  born  in  Union  county, 
Ind.,  February  16,  1831;  was  graduated  from  the 
law  department  of  the  Indiana  Asbury  university 
in  July,  1854,  and  commenced  practice;  in  1858 
elected  to  the  state  senate;  resigned  in  1861  to 
enter  the  Union  Army;  commissioned  a  captain  in 
the  Fifteenth  Regiment  Indiana  volunteers  in 
April,  1861 ;  major  of  the  thirty-sixth  regiment  Sep- 
tember, 1861 ;  colonel  of  the  sixty -ninth  regiment 
in  August,  1862 ;  and  appointed  brigadier  general  in 
March,  1865;  again  elected  to  the  state  senate  in 
October,  1864;  mayor  of  the  city  of  Richmond, 
Ind.,  May,  1869-1870;  in  September,  1871,  ap- 
pointed governor  of  the  Territory  of  Idaho,  and 
served  until  December  4,  1875,  when  he  resigned; 
presented  credentials  as  a  Member-elect  of  the 
Forty-fourth  Congress  as  an  Independent,  and 
served  until  June  23-,  1876,  when  he  was  succeeded 
by  Stephen  S.  Fenn,  Democrat,  who  contested  his 
election;  returned  to  Richmond,  Ind.,  and  resumed 
the  practice  of  law;  mayor  from  1877-1881;  died  in 
Richmond,  Ind.,  February  2,  1893. 

Benny,  Allan,  a  Representative  from  New 
Jersey;  born  in  Brooklyn,  N.  Y.,  July  12,  1867; 
attended  the  public  schools  of  Bayonne;  admitted 
to  the  New  Jersey  bar  February,  1889,  and  prac- 
ticed in  Bayonne;  city  attorney  in  1900,  and  re- 
elected  for  term  of  two  years  January,  1902;  elect- 
ed to  the  board  of  councilmen  in  April,  1892; 
elected  to  the  lower  house  of  the  legislature  in 
1897,  1898,  and  1899;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the 
Fifty-eighth  Congress  (March  4,  1903-March  3, 
1905);  defeated  for  reelection  to  the  Fifty-ninth 
Congress. 

Benson,  Alfred.  Washburn,  a  Senator  from 
Kansas;  born  in  Chautauqua  county,  N.  Y.,  July  15, 
1843;  attended  academies  in  Jamestown  and  Ran- 
dolph; in  1862  enlisted  as  a  private  soldier  in  the 
One  Hundred  and  Fifty-fourth  New  York  volun- 
teers; at  the  close  of  the  war  held  a  commission  as 
major;  admitted  to  the  bar  in  Buffalo,  N .  Y. ;  moved 
to  Ottawa,  Kans.,  in  1869,  where  he  held  various 
local  offices;  was  state  senator  1881-1885;  district 
judge  1885-1897 ;  appointed  to  the  United  States 
Senate  June  11, 1906,  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  the 
resignation  of  Joseph  R.  Burton,  and  took  his  seat 
June  14,  1906,  and  served  until  January  29,  1907 ; 
appointed,  and  subsequently  elected,  an  associate 
justice  of  the  Kansas  supreme  court  in  1908;  a 
resident  of  Topeka,  Kans. 

Benson,  Egbert,  a  Delegate  and  a  Representa- 
tive from  New  York;  born  in  New  York  City,  June 
21,  1746;  was  graduated  from  Columbia  college  in 
1765;  commenced  the  practice  of  law  in  New  York; 
member  of  the  Revolutionary  committee  of  safety; 
in  1777  appointed  the  first  attorney  general  of  New 
York;  member  of  the  first  state  legislature  in  1777; 


BIOGRAPHIES. 


473 


in  1783  one  of  the  three  commissioners  to  direct  the 
embarkation  of  the  Tory  refugees  for  the  loyal 
British  provinces;  sat  in  the  Continental  Congress, 
serving  from  1784  to  1788;  elected  to  the  First  and 
Second  Congresses,  and  served  from  March  4, 1789, 
to  March  3,  1793;  regent  of  the  New  York  univer- 
sity 1789-1802;  judge  of  the  supreme  court  of  New 
York  1784-1801;  judge  of  the  United  States  circuit 
court;  again  elected  to  the  Thirteenth  Congress; 
served  from  March  4,  1813,  until  August  2,  1813, 
when  he  resigned;  first  president  of  the  New  York 
historical  society;  died  in  Jamaica,  L.  I.,  August 
24,  1833. 

Benson,  Samuel  Page,  a  Representative  from 
Maine;  born  in  Winthrop,  Me.,  November  28,  1804; 
was  graduated  from  Bowdoin  college;  studied  law 
and  began  practice  in  Winthrop;  member  of  the 
state  legislature  1834  and  1836;  secretary  of  state 
1838-1841;  elected  as  a  Whig  to  the  Thirty-third 
Congress;  reelected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Thirty- 
fourth  Congress;  served  from  March  4,  1853,  to 
March  3,  1857 ;  after  his  retirement  from  Congress 
resumed  the  practice  of  law  and  was  appointed  one 
of  the  overseers  of  Bowdoin  college;  died  in  Yar- 
mouth, Me.,  August  12,  1876. 

Bentley,  Henry  Wilber,  a  Representative  from 
New  York;  born  in  De  Ruyter,  Madison  county, 
N.  Y.,  September  30,  1838;  admitted  to  the  bar  in 
April,  1861,  and  for  thirty  years  actively  engaged 
in  the  practice  of  law  in  Boonville;  elected  as  a 
Democrat  to  the  Fifty-second  Congress  (March  4, 
1891-March  3,  1893);  returned  to  Boonville,  N.  Y., 
and  resumed  his  profession;  died  there  January  27, 
1907. 

Benton,  Charles  S.,  a  Representative  from 
New  York;  born  in  Maine  and  spent  his  early  life 
there;  moved  to  Mohawk,  N.  Y.;  elected  as  a 
Whig  to  the  Twenty-eighth  and  Twenty-ninth 
Congresses  (March  4,  1843-March  4,  1847);  died 
May  4,  1882. 

Benton,  Jacob,  a  Representative  from  New 
Hampshire;  born  in  Waterford,  Vt.,  August  19, 
1814;  completed  academic  studies  and  taught 
school;  moved  to  Lancaster,  N.  H.,  in  1842,  and  in 
1843  admitted  to  the  bar  and  commenced  practice; 
elected  to  the  legislature  in  1854,  1855,  and  1856; 
delegate  to  the  Republican  national  convention 
in  1860;  brigadier  general  commanding  the  state 
volunteers;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Fortieth 
and  Forty-first  Congresses  (March  4, 1867-March  3, 
1871);  after  his  retirement  from  Congress  resumed 
the  practice  of  law;  died  in  Lancaster,  N.  H., 
September  29,  1892. 

Benton,  Lemuel,  a  Representative  from  South 
Carolina;  born  in  that  state;  elected  to  the  Third, 
Fourth,  and  Fifth  Congresses  (March  4, 1793-March 
3,  1799). 

Benton,  Maecenas  Edward,  a  Representative 
from  Missouri;  born  in  Obion  county,  Tenn.,  Janu- 
ary 29 , 1848 ;  attended  two  west  Tennessee  academies 
and  the  St.  Louis  university;  was  graduated  from 
the  law  department  of  Cumberland  university  in 
June,  1870;  moved  to  Missouri  and  settled  in 
Neosho;  was  many  times  a  delegate  to  Democratic 
state  conventions,  and  was  president  of  the 
conventions  in  1890,  1896,  and  1898;  elected 
prosecuting  attorney  in  1878  and  1880;  attorney 
of  the  United  States  from  March,  1885,  to  July, 
1889;  delegate  to  the  Democratic  national  conven- 
tion held  in  Chicago  in  July,  1896;  elected  as  a 


Democrat  to  the  Fifty-fifth,  Fifty-sixth,  Fifty- 
seventh,  and  Fifty-eighth  Congresses  (March  4, 
1897-March  3, 1905);  resumed  the  practice  of  law  in 
Neosho,  Mo. 

Benton,  Thomas  Hart,  a  Senator  and  a  Repre- 
sentative from  Missouri;  born  in  Harts  Mill,  near 
Hillsboro,  N.  C.,  March  14,  1782;  attended  Chapel- 
hill  college;  studied  law  at  William  and  Mary 
College;  moved  to  Nashville,  Tenn.,  where  he 
commenced  practice;  member  of  the  territorial  legis- 
lature one  term;  served  as  aide  de  camp  to  General 
Jackson;  from  December,  1812,  to  April,  1813, 
was  colonel  of  a  regiment  of  Tennsesee  volunteers; 
lieutenant  colonel  of  the  Thirty-ninth  United 
States  infantry  1813-1815;  removed  to  St.  Louis, 
Mo.,  where  he  edited  the  Missouri  Inquirer  and 
continued  the  practice  of  law;  elected  as  a  Democrat 
to  the  United  States  Senate;  reelected  five  times 
and  served  from  August  10, 1821,  to  March  3, 1851; 
elected  as  a  Missouri-Compromise  Democrat  to  the 
Thirty-third  Congress  (March  4, 1853-March  3, 1855) ; 
defeated  for  reelection;  died  in  Washington  D.  C., 
April  10,  1858. 

Beresford,  Richard,  a  Delegate  from  South 
Carolina;  born  in  that  state;  sat  in  the  Continental 
Congress  from  May  30,  1783,  to  June  8,  1784. 

Bergen,  Christopher  Augustus,  a  Represent- 
ative from  New  Jersey;  born  in  Bridge  Point, 
N.  J.,  August  2,  1841;  attended  Harlingen  school 
and  Edge  Hill  classical  school,  and  was  graduated 
from  Princeton  College  in  1863;  studied  law  and 
licensed  by  the  Supreme  Court  of  New  Jersey  in 
November,  1866,  and  as  a  counselor  in  November, 
1869;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Fifty-first 
and  Fifty-second  Congresses  (March  4, 1889-March 
3,  1893);  died  in  Haverford,  Pa.,  February  18, 1905. 

Bergen,  John  Teunis,  a  Representative  from 
New  York;  born  in  Gowanus,  Brooklyn,  N.  Y., 
about  1786;  completed  preparatory  studies;  ap- 
pointed lieutenant  in  the  New  York  State  Militia 
in  1812  and  captain  in  1815,  and  served  during  the 
War  of  1812;  elected  sheriff  of  Kings  county,  New 
York,  in  1821;  reelected  in  1828  and  served  three 
years;  purchased  the  Long  Island  Patriot  in  1829, 
the  title  to  which  was  changed  to  the  Brooklyn 
Advocate  and  from  which  sprung  the  Brooklyn 
Daily  Eagle;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Twenty- 
second  Congress  (March  4,  1831-March  3,  1833); 
engaged  in  agricultural  pursuits  in  Bay  Ridge, 
New  Utrecht,  N.  Y.;  moved  to  Brooklyn,  N.  Y., 
and  engaged  in  the  grocery  business;  in"l837,  with 
his  sons,  conducted  a  planing  mill  in  New  York 
City ;  moved  to  Genessee  county  and  engaged  in 
agricultural  pursuits;  died  in  Batavia,  N.  Y., 
March  9,  1855. 

Bergen,  Teunis  Garret,  a  Representative  from 
New  York;  born  in  Brooklyn,  N.  Y.,  October  6, 
1806;  attended  Erasmus  Hall,  Flatbush,  N.  Y.; 
engaged  in  horticulture  and  surveying;  member 
of  the  state  constitutional  conventions  of  1846, 
1867-1868;  member  of  the  Democratic  national  con- 
ventions in  Baltimore  and  Charleston  in  1860;  super- 
visor of  New  Utrecht  for  twenty-three  years;  elected 
as  a  Democrat  to  the  Thirty-ninth  Congress 
(March  4,  1865-March  3,  1867);  died  in  Brooklyn, 
N.  Y.,  April  24,  1881. 

Bernhisel,  John  Milton,  a  Delegate  from  the 
Territory  of  Utah;  born  in  Cumberland  county,  Pa., 
June  23,  1799;  was  graduated  from  the  medical 
department  of  the  Pennsylvania  university; 


474 


CONGRESSIONAL   DIRECTORY. 


moved  to  the  Territory  of  Utah;  elected  a  Delegate 
to  the  Thirty-second,  and  to  the  three  succeding 
Congresses  (March  4, 1851-March  3, 1859);  reelected 
to  the  Thirty-seventh  Congress  (March  4,  1861- 
March  3, 1863);  died  in  Salt  Lake  City,  September 
29,  1881. 

Berrien,  John  Macpherson,  a  Senator  from 
Georgia;  born  near  Princeton,  N.  J.,  August  23, 1781; 
in  1796  was  graduated  from  Princeton  college; 
studied  law  in  Savannah;  began  practice  in  1799 
in  Louisville,  then  the  capital  of  Georgia;  removed 
to  Savannah;  elected  solicitor  of  the  eastern 
judicial  circuit  of  Georgia  in  1809;  judge  of  the 
same  circuit  1810-1821;  captain  of  the  Georgia 
Hussars,  a  Savannah  volunteer  company,  in  the 
War  of  1812;  state  senator  1822-1823;  elected  a 
United  States  Senator  as  a  Democrat  in  1825  and 
served  from  March  4,  1825,  to  March  9,  1829,  when 
he  resigned  to  accept  the  position  of  Attorney  Gen- 
eral in  the  Cabinet  of  President  Jackson;  resigned 
this  position  June  22,  1831;  again  elected  to  the 
United  States  Senate  as  a  Whig,  and  served  from 
March  4, 1841,  to  May,  1845,  when  he  again  resigned 
and  accepted  a  judicial  appointment;  was  reelected 
the  same  year  for  the  term  ending  March  3,  1847, 
to  fill  the  vacancy  caused  by  his  second  resig- 
nation; was  subsequently  reelected  for  the  term 
ending  March  3, 1853;  took  his  seat  upon  the  second 
credentials  December  8,  1845,  and  served  until 
May  28,  1852,  when  he  resigned  for  a  third  time, 
and  finally;  died  in  Savannah,  Ga.,  January  1, 
1856. 

Berry,  Albert  Seaton,  a  Representative  from 
Kentucky;  born  in  Dayton,  Campbell  county,  Ky., 
May  13,  1836;  attended  the  Miami  university, 
Oxford,  Ohio,  and  the  Cincinnati  law  school;  was 
admitted  to  the  bar,  and  practiced;  served  two 
terms  in  the  state  senate;  five  terms  as  mayor 
of  Newport;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Fifty- 
third,  Fifty-fourth,  Fifty-fifth,  and  Fifty-sixth 
Congresses  (March 4, 1893-March  3, 1901) ;  appointed 
and  subsequently  elected  judge  of  the  Seventeenth 
judicial  district  of  Kentucky,  and  served  from  1905 
until  his  death  in  Newport,  Ky.,  January  6,  1908. 

Berry,  Campbell  Poison,  a  Representative 
from  California;  born  in  Huntsville,  Ala.,  Novem- 
ber 7, 1834;  in  1841  moved  to  Arkansas,  and  then  in 
1857,  to  California;  was  graduated  from  Methodist 
college,  Vacaville,  Cal.,  in  1865;  served  as  super- 
visor of  Sutter  county  three  years;  elected  to  the 
legislature  of  California  in  1869, 1871,  and  1875,  and 
on  the  organization  of  the  assembly  was  chosen 
speaker;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Forty-sixth 
and  Forty-seventh  Congresses  (March  4,  1879- 
March  3,  1883);  subtreasurer  of  the  United  States 
in  San  Francisco,  Cal.,  1894-1898;  died  in  Wheat- 
land,  Cal.,  January  9,  1901;  interment  Fairview 
cemetery,  Sutter  county,  Colo. 

Berry,  James  Henderson,  a  Senator  from 
Arkansas;  born  in  Jackson  county,  Ala.,  May  15, 
1841 ;  moved  to  Arkansas  in  1848;  attended  a  private 
school  in  Berryville,  Ark.;  studied  law  and  was  ad- 
mitted to  practice  in  1866;  entered  the  Confeder- 
ate army  in  1861  as  second  lieutenant,  Sixteenth 
Arkansas  infantry;  elected  to  the  state  legislature 
in  1866;  removed  to  Bentonville,  Ark.,  in  1869;  re- 
elected  to  the  legislature  in  1872;  elected  speaker 
of  the  house  at  the  extraordinary  session  of  1874; 
president  of  the  Democratic  state  convention  in 
1876;  elected  judge  of  the  circuit  court  in  1878; 
elected  governor  of  Arkansas  in  1882;  elected  as  a 
Democrat  to  the  United  States  Senate  to  fill  va- 


cancy caused  by  the  resignation  of  A.  Hamlin 
Garland;  reelected  in  1889,  1895,  and  1901,  and 
served  from  March  20, 1885,  to  March  3, 1907;  again 
took  up  his  residence  in  Bentonville,  Ark. ;  a  com- 
missioner for  marking  the  graves  of  the  Confederate 
dead  1910-1912;  died  in  Bentonville,  Ark.,  Janu- 
ary 30,  1913. 

Berry,  John,  a  Representative  from  Ohio;  born 
in  Wyandotte  county,  Ohio,  April  26,  1833;  at- 
tended the  public  schools  and  Ohio  Wesleyan  uni- 
versity; was  graduated  from  the  law  school  of  Cin- 
cinnati college,  and  commenced  practice  in  Upper 
Sandusky  in  1857;  in  1862  and  in  1864,  elected 
prosecuting  attorney  of  Wyandotte  county; 
elected  to  the  Forty-third  Congress  (March  4,  1873- 
March  3,  1875);  died  in  Upper  Sandusky,  Ohio, 
May  18,  1879. 

Bethune,  Lauchlin,  a  Representative  from 
North  Carolina;  born  in  Cumberland  county,  N.  C., 
April  15,  1785;  member  of  the  state  senate  in  1817, 
1818,  1821,  and  1827;  elected  as  a  Jackson  Democrat 
to  the  Twenty-second  Congress  (March  4,  1831- 
March  3,  1833);  died  near  Fayetteville,  N.  C., 
October  10,  1874. 

Bethune,  Marion,  a  Representative  from 
Georgia;  born  in  Greene  county,  Ga.,  April  8,  1816; 
attended  preparatory  schools;  studied  law  and  was 
admitted  to  the  bar  in  1842;  probate  judge  of 
Talbot  county  1849-1868;  member  of  constitutional 
convention  of  Georgia  at  the.  time  of  the  repeal  of 
the  ordinance  of  secession;  nember  of  state  legisla- 
ture 1868-1871 ;  was  elected  to  the  Forty-first  Con- 
gress, qualified  under  the  act  of  July  11,  1868,  and 
admitted  to  his  seat  January  16,  1871;  served  until 
March  3, 1871-  died  in  Talbotton,  Ga.,  February  20, 
1895. 

Betton,  Silas,  a  Representative  from  New 
Hampshire ;  born  in  Londonderry,  N .  H . ,  August  26, 
1768 ;  in  1787  was  graduated  from  Dartmouth  college ; 
elected  to  the  Eighth  and  Ninth  Congresses  (March 
4,  1803,  March  3,  1807);  high  sheriff  of  Rocking- 
ham  County  for  several  years;  died  in  Salem,  N .  H. , 
January  22,  1822. 

Betts,  Samuel  Rossiter,  a  Representative 
from  New  York;  born  in  Richmond,  Mass.,  June  8, 
1787;  in  1806  was  graduated  from  Williams  college; 
studied  law  in  Hudson,  N.  Y. ;  commenced  practice 
in  Sullivan  county;  served  as  judge  advocate  of 
volunteers  in  the  War  of  1812;  elected  as  a  Demo- 
crat to  the  Fourteenth  Congress  (March  4,  1815- 
March  3, 1817);  removed  to  Newburgh,  N.  Y.,  where 
he  continued  the  practice  of  law;  in  1823  appointed 
circuit  judge  under  the  new  state  constitution; 
appointed  in  1826  judge  of  the  United  States  Dis- 
trict Court  for  the  Southern  District  of  New  York; 
resigned  in  1867;  died  in  New  Haven,  Conn., 
November  2,  1868. 

Betts,  Thaddeus,  a  Senator  from  Connecticut; 
born  in  Norwalk,  Conn.,  February  4,  1789;  was 
graduated  from  Yale  college  in  1807;  studied  law 
and  commenced  practice  in  Norwalk;  member 
state  house  of  representatives  1815-1828;  state 
senator  1828-1831;  lieutenant  governor  1832-1834; 
elected  United  States  Senator  as  a  Wliig  and 
served  from  March  4,  1839,  until  his  death,  which 
occurred  in  Washington,  D.  C.,  April  7,  1840. 

Beveridge,  Albert  Jeremiah,  a  Senator  from 
Indiana;  born  in  Highland  county,  Ohio,  October 
6,  1862;  attended  the  common  schools;  was  gradu- 
ated from  De  Pauw  university  in  1885;  studied  law, 


BIOGRAPHIES. 


475 


was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1887  and  commenced 
practice  in  Indianapolis,  Ind.;  elected  as  a  Repub- 
lican to  the  United  States  Senate  January  17, 1899; 
reelected  in  1905  and  served  from  March  4,  1899, 
until  March  3,  1911;  resumed  the  practice  of  law 
in  Indianapolis,  Ind. 

Beveridge,  John  Lourie,  a  Representative 
from  Illinois;  born  in  Greenwich,  N.  Y.,  July  6, 
1824;  attended  the  public  schools;  moved  to  Illinois 
in  1842  and  continued  his  education  at  the  Rock 
River  seminary;  taught  school  in  Tennessee; 
studied  law  1846-1851,  and  afterwards  practiced  in 
Chicago;  served  four  years  in  the  Union  Army; 
major  Eighth  Illinois  cavalry  September  18,  1861 ; 
colonel  Seventeenth  Illinois  cavalry  January  28, 
1864;  brevet  brigadier  general  of  volunteers  March 
7,  1865;  mustered  out  February  7,  1866;  in  1866 
sheriff  of  Cook  county,  111.;  in  November,  1870, 
elected  state  senator;  resigned,  having  been 
elected  as  a  Republican  to  fill  the  vacancy  in  the 
Forty-second  Congress  caused  by  the  election  of 
John  A.  Logan  to  the  United  States  Senate;  served 
from  December  4,  1872,  until  his  resignation, 
January  4,  1873;  elected  lieutenant  governor  in 
1872  and  governor  of  Illinois  in  1873-1877;  United 
States  subtreasurer  at  Chicago  1877-1881;  moved 
to  California  and  located  in  Hollywood,  Los  Angeles 
county,  in  1895,  and  died  there  May  3,  1910;  inter- 
ment at  Rose  Hill  cemetery,  Chicago,  111. 

Bibb,  George  M.,  a  Senator  from  Kentucky; 
born  in  Prince  Edward  county,  Va.,  October  30, 
1776;  was  graduated  from  Hampton-Sydney  col- 
lege, and  from  William  and  Mary  college  in  1792; 
studied  law,  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced 
practice  in  Lexington,  Ky.;  member  of  the  state 
house  of  representatives  and  senate;  appointed 
judge  of  Kentucky  court  of  appeals,  January  30, 
1808,  and  chief  justice  of  that  court  May  30,  1809; 
served  until  March,  1810,  when  he  resigned; 
elected  to  the  United  States  Senate  and  served 
from  March  4,  1811,  to  August  23,  1814,  when  he 
resigned;  was  again  appointed  chief  justice  Janu- 
ary 5,  1827  and  again  resigned  December  23,  1828; 
again  elected  to  the  United  States  Senate  and 
served  from  March  4,  1829,  to  March  3,  1835; 
chancellor  of  the  Louisville  chancery  court  from 
its  establishment  in  1835  to  1844;  Secretary  of  the 
Treasury  under  President  Tyler,  and  served  from 
July  4, 1844,  to  March  8, 1845;  resumed  the  practice 
of  law  in  Washington,  and  was  an  assistant  in  the 
office  of  the  Attorney  General;  died  in  Georgetown, 
D.  C.,  April  14,  1859. 

Bibb,  William  Wyatt,  a  Representative  and  a 
Senator  from  Georgia;  born  in  Virginia  October  1, 
1780;  was  graduated  from  the  medical  department 
of  the  University  of  Pennsylvania  in  1801;  moved 
to  Georgia;  member  of  the  state  senate  and  house 
of  representatives;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the 
Ninth  Congress  to  fill  the  vacancy  caused  by  the 
resignation  of  Thomas  Spalding;  reelected  to  the 
Tenth,  Eleventh,  Twelfth,  and  Thirteenth  Con- 
gresses, and  served  from  January  26,  1805,  to  No- 
vember 6,  1813,  when  he  resigned;  elected  United 
States  Senator,  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  the  resig- 
nation of  William  H.  Crawford,  and  served  from 
November  6, 1813,  to  November  9,  1816,  when  he 
resigned ;  moved  to  Alabama  Territory  and  elected 
the  first  governor  under  the  state  constitution  in 
1819;  died  in  Fort  Jackson,  Ala.,  July  9,  1820. 

Bibighaus,  Thomas  Marshal,  a  Representa- 
tive from  Pennsylvania;  born  in  Philadelphia,  Pa., 


March  17,  1817;  attended  the  common  schools; 
studied  law,  admitted  to  the  bar  and  practiced; 
elected  as  a  Whig  to  the  Thirty-second  Congress 
(March  4,  1851-March  3,  1853);  died  in  Lebanon, 
Pa.,  June  18,  1853. 

Bicknell,  Bennet,  a  Representative  from  New 
York;  born  in  Mansfield,  Conn.,  November  14, 
1781;  attended  the  public  schools;  moved  to  Morris- 
ville,  N.  Y.,  in  1808;  soldier  in  the  War  of  1812, 
and  from  1815  to  1818  state  senator;  was  clerk  of 
Madison  county,  N.  Y.,  for  five  years;  editor  of  the 
Madison  Observer;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the 
Twenty-fifth  Congress;  served  from  March  4,  1837, 
to  March  3,  1839;  died  in  Morrisville,  Madison 
county,  N.  Y.,  September  15,  1841. 

Bicknell,  George  Augustus,  a  Representative 
from  Indiana;  born  in  Philadelphia,  Pa.,  Febru- 
ary 6,  1815;  was  graduated  from  the  University  of 
Pennsylvania  in  1831;  attended  Yale  law  school 
one  year;  completed  law  studies  and  admitted  to 
the  bar  in  New  York  City  in  1836;  moved  to  Lex- 
ington, Scott  county,  Ind.,  in  1846;  elected  county 
prosecutor  in  1848,  circuit  prosecutor  in  1850,  and 
judge  of  the  second  judicial  circuit  in  1852,  hold- 
ing the  last-named  place  twenty-four  years;  pro- 
fessor of  law  in  the  University  of  Indiana  1861-1870; 
elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Forty-fifth  and  Forty- 
sixth  Congresses  (March  4,  1877-March  3,  1881);  in 
1881  appointed  commissioner  of  appeals  in  the 
supreme  court  of  Indiana,  which  office  he  held  until 
the  completion  of  its  work  in  1885;  judge  of  the  cir- 
cuit court  of  Indiana  in  1889,  and  held  that  office 
until  his  death,  in  New  Albany,  Ind.,  April  11, 
1891. 

Biddle,  Charles  John,  a  Representative  from 
Pennsylvania;  born  in  Philadelphia,  Pa.,  in  1819; 
was  graduated  from  Princeton  college  in  1837;  ad- 
mitted to  practice  law  in  1840  in  Philadelphia; 
served  in  the  Mexican  war;  received  the  brevet  of 
major  for  meritorious  services;  resumed  the  practice 
of  law  in  Philadelphia;  entered  the  Union  Army  in 
1861  as  colonel  of  a  regiment  of  the  Pennsylvania 
reserve  corps;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Thirty- 
seventh  Congress,  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  the 
resignation  of  E.  Joy  Morris,  and  served  from  De- 
cember 2,  1861,  to  March  3,  1863;  died  in  Phila- 
delphia September  28,  1873. 

Biddle,  Edward,  a  Delegate  from  Pennsyl- 
vania; born  in  Philadelphia,  Pa.,  in  1738;  ensign, 
lieutenant,  and  captain  1754-1763;  studied  law 
and  commenced  practice  in  Reading,  Pa.;  member 
of  the  state  assembly  1767-1775;  speaker  1774-1775; 
sat  in  the  Continental  Congress  1774-1779;  died 
near  Baltimore,  Md.,  September  5,  1779. 

Biddle,  John,  a  Delegate  from  Michigan  Terri- 
tory; born  in  Philadelphia,  Pa.,  March  9,  1789; 
was  graduated  from  Princeton  college;  served  in 
the  War  of  1812;  second  lieutenant  of  the  Third 
artillery  July  6,  1812,  first  lieutenant  in  March, 
1813,  captain  in  the  Forty-second  infantry  in 
October,  1813;  assistant  inspector  general  with 
rank  of  major  June  19,  1817,  attached  to  staff  of 
General  Scott  upon  the  Niagara  frontier;  subse- 
quently paymaster  and  Indian  agent  at  Green  Bay, 
Wis.;  moved  to  Detroit,  Mich.  Ter.,  and  was 
elected  Delegate  from  that  Territory  to  the  Twenty- 
first  Congress,  and  served  from  March  4,  1829,  to 
February  21,  1831,  when  he  resigned;  in  1831 
appointed  register  of  the  land  office  at  Detroit, 
Mich.;  held  several  municipal  offices;  died  in  White 
Sulphur  Springs,  Va.,  August  25,  1859. 


476 


CONGRESSIONAL   DIRECTORY. 


Biddle,  Richard,  a  Representative  from  Penn- 
sylvania; born  in  Philadelphia,  Pa.,  March  25, 
1796;  pursued  classical  studies;  was  graduated  from 
the  University  of  Pennsylvania  in  1811;  studied 
law  and  commenced  practice  in  Pittsburgh,  Pa.; 
went  to  England  in  1827  and  remained  there  three 
years  and  published  valuable  works  upon  Ameri- 
can discovery  and  travel;  elected  as  a  Whig  to  the 
Twenty-fifth  Congress;  reelected  to  the  Twenty- 
sixth  Congress,  and  served  from  March  4,  1837,  to 
1840,  when  he  resigned;  died  in  Pittsburgh,  Pa., 
July  6,  1847. 

Bidlack,  Benjamin  Alden,  a  Representative 
from  Pennsylvania;  born  in  Paris,  Oneida  county, 
N.  Y.,  September  8,  1804;  moved  to  Wilkes-Barre, 
Pa. ;  was  admitted  to  the  Luzerne  county  bar  Janu- 
ary 5,  1825;  deputy  attorney  general  1825;  county 
treasurer  1834;  member  of  the  state  legislature  1835- 
1836;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Twenty-seventh 
and  Twenty-eighth  Congresses  (March  4,  1841- 
March  3,  1845;  appointed  charg6  d'affaires  to 
Colombia,  May  14, 1845;  died  in  Bogota,  Colombia, 
February  6,  1849. 

Bidwell,  Barnabas,  a  Representative  from 
Massachusetts;  born  in  Tyringham  (now  Mon- 
terey), Mass.,  August  23,  1763;  was  graduated  from 
Yale  college  in  1785;  studied  law,  admitted  to  the 
bar,  and  practiced;  member  of  the  Massachusetts 
senate  1801-1804,  and  of  the  house  of  representa- 
tives 1805-1807;  elected  to  the  Ninth  Congress 
(March  4,  1805-March  3,  1807)  attorney  general  of 
Massachusetts  1807-1810;  died  in  Kingston,  Can- 
ada, July  27,  1833. 

Bidwell,  John,  a  Representative  from  Cali- 
fornia; born  in  Chautauqua  county,  N.  Y.,  August 
5, 1819;  moved  in  1829  to  Erie,  Pa.,  and  then  to  Ash- 
tabula  county,  Ohio,  the  same  year;  attended  the 
Kingsville  academy;  spent  two  years  in  Missouri 
and  taught  school;  in  1841  emigrated  with  the  first 
overland  expedition  to  California;  served  in  the 
war  with  Mexico,  attaining  the  rank  of  major; 
member  of  the  state  convention  which  framed  the 
constitution  of  California;  first  to  discover  gold  on 
Feather  river  in  1848;  member  of  the  state  senate 
of  California  in  1849;  delegate  to  the  Democratic 
national  convention  at  Charleston  in  1860;  dele- 
gate to  the  National  Republican  convention  of  1864; 
elected  as  a  Unionist  to  the  Thirty-ninth  Congress 
(March  4,  1865-March  3,  1867);  unsuccessful  candi- 
date for  governor  in  1875  on  the  Anti-Monopoly 
ticket;  presided  over  the  state  Prohibition  con- 
vention of  1888,  and  that  party's  candidate  for 
governor  of  California  in  1890,  and  for  the  presi- 
dency of  the  United  States  in  1892;  died  in  Chico., 
Cal.,  April  4,  1900. 

Biery,  James  S.,  a  Representative  from  Penn- 
sylvania; born  in  Venango  county,  Pa.,  March  2, 
1839;  taught  school  for  several  years;  studied  the- 
ology for  two  years;  subsequently  studied  law; 
admitted  to  the  bar  and  began  practice  in  Allen- 
town  in  1868;  elected  to  the  state  house  of  repre- 
sentatives in  1869;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the 
Forty-third  Congress  (March  4, 1873-March  3, 1875); 
died  in  Allentown,  Pa.,  December  3,  1904. 

Bigby,  John  Sunzmerfield,  a  Representative 
from  Georgia;  born  in  Coweta  county,  Ga.,  Febru- 
ary 13,  1832;  attended  the  public  schools  and  Em- 
ory college,  Oxford,  Ga.;  studied  and  practiced 
law;  member  of  the  state  constitutional  convention 
of  1867-68;  solicitor  general  of  the  Tallapoosa  cir- 
cuit from  August,  1867,  to  September  22,  1868; 


judge  of  the  superior  court  to  March  3, 1871;  elected 
as  a  Republican  to  the  Forty-second  Congress 
(March  4,  1871-March  3,  1873);  died  in  Atlanta, 
Ga.,  in  summer  of  "' 


Bigelow,  Abijah,  a  Representative  from  Massa- 
chusetts, born  in  Westminster,  Mass.,  December  5, 
1775;  was  graduated  from  Dartmouth  college,  in 
1795;  studied  law  and  in  1798  commenced  practice 
in  Worcester  county,  Mass. ;  five  years  town  clerk  of 
Leominster;  member  of  the  state  house  of  repre- 
sentatives; elected  as  a  Federalist  to  the  Eleventh 
Congress,  to  fill  the  vacancy  caused  by  the  resigna- 
tion of  William  Steadman;  reelected  to  the  Twelfth 
and  Thirteenth  Congresses  and  served  from  Decem- 
ber 14,  1810,  to  March  3,  1815;  clerk  of  the  courts  of 
Worcester  county  1817-1833;  appointed  a  master  of 
chancery  in  1838;  died  in  Leominster,  Mass.,  April 
4,  1860. 

Bigelow,  Lewis,  a  Representative  from  Massa- 
chusetts; born  in  Petersham,  Mass.,  August  18, 
1785;  was  graduated  from  from  Williams  college 
in  1803;  studied  law  and  practiced  in  Worcester; 
elected  to  the  Seventeenth  Congress  (March  4, 
1821-March  3,  1823);  editor  of  the  first  seventeen 
volumes  of  Massachusetts  reports  and  of  a  digest 
of  six  volumes  of  Pickering's  reports;  moved  to 
Peoria,  111.;  clerk  of  the  Peoria  county  court;  died 
in  Peoria,  111.,  October  3,  1838. 

Biggs,  Asa,  a  Representative  and  a  Senator  from 
North  Carolina;  born  in  Williamston,  N.  C.,  Feb- 
ruary 4,  1811;  studied  law,  admitted  to  the  bar  in 
1831,  and  practiced;  member  of  the  constitutional 
convention  of  North  Carolina  in  1835;  member  of 
the  house  of  commons  of  North  Carolina  in  1840 
and  1842,  and  of  the  state  senate  in  1844  and  1854; 
elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Twenty-ninth  Con- 
gress (March  4,  1845-March  3,  1847);  one  of  a  com- 
mission to  codify  the  state  laws  of  North  Carolina  in 
1850;  elected  to  the  United  States  Senate  for  six 
years  from  March  3,  1855,  but  resigned  May  1858, 
to  become  United  States  judge  for  the  district  of 
North  Carolina,  having  been  appointed  by  Presi- 
dent Buchanan;  died  in  Norfolk,  Va.,  March  8, 
1878. 

Biggs,  Benjamin  Thomas,  a  Representative 
from  Delaware;  born  in  Summit  Bridge,  Del.,  Octo- 
ber 1,  1821;  attended  the  Pennington  seminary  for 
two  years,  and  afterwards  taught  school;  also  a 
student  in  the  Wesleyan  university  of  Connecticut; 
member  of  the  State  constitutional  convention  in 
1853;  became  interested  in  railroad  operations 
and  was  director  in  the  Kent  &  Queen  Anne's 
railroad ;  Democratic  candidate  for  Congress  in  1860, 
but  was  defeated;  elected  to  the  Forty -first  and 
Forty-second  Congresses  (March  4,  1869-March  3, 
1873);  governor  of  Delaware  from  January,  1887,  to 
January,  1891;  died  in  Middletown,  Del.,  Decem- 
ber 25,  1893. 

Biggs,  Marion,  a  Representative  from  Cali- 
fornia; born  in  Pike  county,  Mo.,  May  2,  1823; 
attended  the  common  schools;  first  went  to  Cali- 
fornia in  1850;  returned  to  Missouri  and  was  elected 
sheriff  of  Monroe  county,  Mo.,  in  1852,  and  reelected 
in  1854;  returned  to  California  in  1864;  elected  to  the 
California  legislature  from  Sacramento  county  in 
1867,  and  from  Butte  county  in  1869;  elected  to  the 
state  constitutional  convention  from  the  state  at 
large  in  1878;  alternate  presidential  elector  for 
Tilden  and  Hendricks  and  an  elector  on  the  Cleve- 
land and  Hendricks  ticket;  elected  as  a  Democrat 


BIOGRAPHIES. 


477 


to  the  Fiftieth  and  Fifty-first  Congresses  (March  4, 
1887-March  3,  1891);  died  in  Gridley,  Cal.,  August 
2,  1910. 

Bigler,  William,  a  Senator  from  Pennsylvania; 
born  in  Shermansburg,  Pa.,  January  1,  1814;  at- 
tended the  public  schools;  in  1829  apprenticed 
to  learn  the  art  of  printing;  in  1833  moved  to 
Clearfield  and  established  the  Clearfield  Democrat; 
in  1836  engaged  in  the  lumber  business;  elected  to 
the  State  senate  in  1841  and  1844;  in  1851  elected 
governor;  elected  to  the  United  States  Senate  in 
1855  and  served  from  January  14, 1856,  to  March  3, 
1861;  delegate  to  the  Chicago  national  convention 
of  1864,  to  the  Philadelphia  national  Union  con- 
vention of  1866,  and  to  the  New  York  national 
convention  of  1868;  member  of  the  constitutional 
convention  of  Pennsylvania,  and  in  1874  member 
of  the  board  of  finance  of  the  Centennial  Exposi- 
tion; died  in  Clearfield,  Pa.,  August  9,  1880. 

Billinghurst,  Charles,  a  Representative  from 
Wisconsin;  born  in  Brighton,  N.  Y.,  July  27,  1818; 
attended  the  common  schools;  studied  law  and 
practiced;  moved  to  Wisconsin  in  1847;  member 
of  the  first  state  legislature  of  Wisconsin  in  1848 ; 
elected  a  presidential  elector  in  1852;  elected  as  a 
Republican  to  the  Thirty-fourth  and  Thirty-fifth 
Congresses  (March  4,  1855-March  3,  1859). 

Billmeyer,  Alexander,  a  Representative  from 
Pennsylvania;  born  in  Liberty  township,  Montour 
county,  Pa.,  January  7,  1841;  attended  common 
schools,  and  engaged  in  farming  on  an  extensive 
scale;  interested  in  the  manufacture  of  lumber, 
and  director  of  a  National  bank  in  Washington ville, 
Pa.;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Fifty-seventh 
Congress,  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  the  death  of 
Rufua  K.  Polk,  and  served  from  December  1, 1902, 
to  March  3,  1903;  resumed  agricultural  pursuits  in 
Montour  county,  Pa. 

Bines,  Thomas,  a  Representative  from  New 
Jersey;  born  in  Trenton,  N.  J.;  attended  the  com- 
mon schools;  elected  to  the  Thirteenth  Congress, 
to  fill  a  vacancy  caused -by  the  death  of  Jacob 
Hufty;  served  from  November  2,  1814,  to  March 
3, 1815. 

Bingham,  Henry  Harrison,  a  Representative 
from  Pennsylvania;  born  in  Philadelphia,  Pa., 
December  4, 1841 ;  was  graduated  from  Jefferson  col- 
lege in  1862,  and  from  the  law  department  of  Wash- 
ington and  Jefferson  college;  entered  the  Union 
Army  as  a  first  lieutenant  in  the  one  hundred  and 
fortieth  Pennsylvania  volunteers  August  22,  1862; 
captain  September  9, 1862;  major  and  j  udge  advo- 
cate September  20, 1864 ;  brevet  major  of  volunteers 
August  1, 1864,  "for  good  conduct  and  conspicuous 
gallantry  especially  at  the  Wilderness,  Spottsyl- 
vania,  and  Gettysburg;"  lieutenant  colonel  of 
volunteers  April  9,  1865,  "for  highly  meritorious 
service  during  the  recent  campaign  terminating 
with  the  surrender  of  the  insurgent  army  under 
Gen.  Robert  E.  Lee;"  colonel  and  brigadier  gen- 
eral of  volunteers  April  9,  1865,  "for  conspicuous 
gallantry  and  meritorious  service  during  the  war;  " 
awarded  a  medal  of  honor  August  26,  1893,"  for 
the  battle  of  the  Wilderness,  Va.,  May  6,  1864, 
where  he  rallied  and  led  into  action  a  portion  of 
the  troops  who  had  given  way  under  the  fierce 
assaults  of  the  enemy;  "  honorably  mustered  out  of 
service  July  2, 1866;  appointed  postmaster  of  Phila- 
delphia in  March,  1867,  and  resigned  December, 
1872,  to  accept  the  clerkship  of  the  courts  of  over 
and  terminer  and  quarter  sessions  of  the  peace  in 


Philadelphia,  having  been  elected  by  the  people; 
reelected  clerk  of  courts  in  1875;  delegate  at  large 
in  the  Republican  national  convention  in  Phila- 
delphia in  1872,  also  delegate  from  the  first  con- 
gressional district  in  the  Republican  national 
convention  in  Cincinnati  in  1876,  and  in  Chicago  in 
1884  and  1888,  in  Minneapolis  in  1892,  St.  Louia  in 
1896,  and  in  Philadelphia  June  19,  1900;  elected 
as  a  Republican  to  the  Forty-sixth,  and  to  the 
sixteen  succeeding  Congresses,  and  served  from 
March  4,  1879,  until  his  death  in  Philadelphia, 
Pa.,  March  22,  1912. 

Bingham,  John  Armor,  a  Representative  from 
Ohio;  born  in  Mercer,  Pa.,  January  21,  1815;  ap- 
prentice in  a  printing  office  for  two  years;  studied 
at  Franklin  college,  Ohio;  began  the  practice  of  law 
in  1840;  district  attorney  for  Tuscarawas  county, 
Ohio,  1846-1849;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the 
Thirty-fourth,  Thirty-fifth,  Thirty-sixth,  and 
Thirty-seventh  Congresses  (March  4, 1855-March  3, 
1863);  appointed  judge  advocate  of  the  Union 
Army  in  1864;  later  appointed  solicitor  of  the  Court 
of  Claims;  special  judge  advocate  in  the  trial  of  the 
conspirators  against  the  life  of  President  Lincoln; 
a  leader  in  the  impeachment  trial  of  President 
Johnson  and  also  in  the  impeachment  trial  of  Judge 
Humphries;  again  elected  to  the  Thirty-ninth, 
Fortieth,  Forty-first,  and  Forty-second  Congresses 
(March  4,  1865-March  3,  1873);  appointed  minister 
to  Japan  in  1873;  died  in  Cadiz,  Ohio,  March  19, 
1900. 

Bingham,  Kingsley  Scott,  a  Representative 
and  a  Senator  from  Michigan;  born  in  Camillus, 
Onondaga  county,  N.  Y.,  December  5,  1808;  at- 
tended the  common  schools  and  pursued  an  aca- 
demic course;  studied  law  in  Syracuse,  N.  Y.; 
moved  to  Green  Oak,  Michigan,  in  1833;  engaged 
in  farming  and  the  practice  of  law;  held  a  number 
of  local  offices,  including  those  of  justice  of  the 
peace,  postmaster,  and  first  judge  of  probate  of 
Livingston  county;  elected  to  the  first  legislature 
of  Michigan  in  1837 — the  year  of  the  State's  admis- 
sion to  the  Union— and  four  times  reelected; 
speaker  of  the  house  of  representatives  three  terms; 
elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Thirtieth  and  Thirty- 
first  Congresses  (March  4,  1847-March  3,  1851); 
elected  governor  in  1854,  heading  the  first  ticket 
ever  designated  as  "Republican,"  and  was  re- 
elected  in  1856;  instrumental  in  the  establishment 
of  the  Michigan  Agricultural  college  and  other 
educational  and  reformatory  institutions;  elected 
a  United  States  Senator  as  a  Republican  to  succeed 
Charles  E.  Stuatrt,  and  for  the  term  ending  March  3, 
1865;  served  from  March  4,  1859,  until  his  death 
in  Green  Oak,  Livingston  county,  Mich.,  October 
5,  1861. 

Bingham,  William,  a  Delegate  and  a  Senator 
from  Pennsylvania;  born  in  Philadelphia,  Pa., 
March  8, 1752;  was  graduated  from  the  Philadelphia 
college  in  1768;  agent  of  the  Continental  Congress  at 
Martinique,  and  afterwards  consul  at  St.  Pierre, 
the  two  services  covering  the  period  1777-1780; 
sat  in  the  Continental  Congress  1787-1788;  member 
of  state  legislature  1790-1791;  speaker  in  1791;  state 
senator  1794-1795,  and  speaker;  elected  to  the 
United  States  Senate  and  served  from  March  4, 
1795,  to  March  3,  1801;  elected  president  pro  tern- 
pore  of  the  Senate  February  16,  1797;  died  in  Bath,, 
England,  February  7,  1804. 

Binney  Horace,  a  Representative  from  Penn- 
sylvania; born  in  Philadelphia,  Pa.,  January  4, 


478 


CONGRESSIONAL   DIRECTORY. 


1780;  attended  a  classical  school  in  Bordentown, 
N.  J.,  three  years;  was  graduated  from  Harvard 
university  in  1797;  studied  law  and  commenced 
practice  in  Philadelphia  in  1800;  member  of  the 
state  house  of  representatives  1806-1807;  between 
1807  and  1814  he  prepared  and  published  six  vol- 
umes of  reported  decisions  of  the  supreme  court  of 
Pennsylvania;  elected  as  a  Whig  to  the  Twenty-third 
Congress  (March  4,  1833-March  3,  1835);  director 
of  the  United  States  Bank;  died  in  Philadelphia, 
Pa.,  August  12,  1875. 

Bird,  John,  a  Representative  from  New  York; 
born  in  Litchfield,  Conn.,  in  1768;  was  graduated 
from  Yale  college;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to 
the  bar,  and  commenced  practice  in  Troy,  N.  Y.,  in 
1794;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Sixth  Congress 
(March  4, 1799-March  3, 1801);  died  in  Troy,  N.  Y., 
in  1806. 

Bird,  John  Taylor,  a  Representative  from  New 
Jersey;  born  in  Bloomsbury,  Hunterdon  county, 
N.  J.,  August  16, 1829;  studied  and  began  the  prac- 
tice of  law  in  1855  in  his  native  county;  move' I  to 
Clinton  in  1858 ;  nominated  as  prosecutor  of  the  pleas 
in  1863  and  held  the  office  five  years;  removed  to 
Flemington  in  1865;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the 
Forty -first  and  Forty -second  Congresses  (March  4, 
1869-March  3,  1873);  appointed  vice-chancellor  of 
New  Jersey  in  1882  and  moved  to  Trenton  the  same 
year;  served  until  1896;  died  in  Trenton,  N.  J., 
May  6,  1911. 

Birdsall,  Ausburn,  a  Representative  from  New 
York;  born  in  the  city  of  New  York;  moved  to 
Binghamton ;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Thirtieth 
Congress  (March  4,  1847-March  3,  1849);  appointed 
United  States  naval  storekeeper  in  New  York  City. 

Birdsall,  Benjamin  P.,  a  Representative  from 
Iowa;  born  in  Weyauwega,  Wis.,  October  26,  1858; 
attended  the  common  schools  of  Iowa  and  the 
Iowa  state  university,  Iowa  City;  studied  law 
and  admitted  to  practice  in  March,  1878;  served  as 
district  judge  of  eleventh  judicial  district  of  Iowa 
from  January,  1893,  until  October,  1900;  elected 
to  the  Fifty-eighth,  Fifty-ninth,  and  Sixtieth  Con- 
gresses (March  4,  1903-March  3,  1909);  resumed  the 
practice  of  law  in  Clarion,  Iowa.  i 

Birdsall,  James,  a  Representative  from  New 
York;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Fourteenth 
Congress  (March  4,  1815-March  3,  1817);  member  of 
the  state  general  assembly  in  1837. 

Birdsall,  Samuel,  a  Representative  from  New 
York;  born  in  Hilsdale,  Columbia  county,  N.  Y., 
May  14,  1791;  attended  the  common  schools; 
studied  law  with  Martin  Van  Buren,  was  admitted 
to  the  bar  in  1812  and  commenced  practice  in 
Cooperstown,  N.  Y.;  moved  to  Waterloo,  N.  Y., 
in  1817;  master  in  chancery,  1815;  division  judge 
advocate  with  rank  of  colonel,  1819;  councellor  in 
Supreme  court  and  solicitor  in  chancery,  1823; 
surrogate  of  Seneca  county  from  1827  to  1837;  bank 
commissioner,  1832 ;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the 
Twenty-fifth  Congress  (March  4,  1837-March  3, 
1839);  councellor  in  the  United  Slates  Supreme 
Court,  1838;  district  attorney  of  Seneca  county, 
1846;  postmaster  at  Waterloo,  N.  Y.,  1853-1863; 
died  in  Waterloo,  N.  Y.,  February  8,  1872. 

Birdseye,  Victory,  a  Representative  from  New 
York;  born  in  Cornwall,  Conn.,  December  25,  1782; 
was  graduated  from  Williams  college  in  1804; 
elected  to  the  Fourteenth  Congress  (March  4,  1815- 
March  3,  1817);  chosen  delegate  to  the  state  con- 


stitutional convention  of  1821 ;  state  senator  in  1821 
and  in  1829;  member  of  the  state  assembly  for  three 
years;  was  again  elected  to  the  Twenty-seventh 
Congress  as  a  Whig,  serving  from  March  4,  1841,  to 
March  3,  1843;  died  in  Pompey,  Onondaga  county, 
N.  Y.,  September  16,  1853. 

Bisbee,  Horatio,  jr.,  a  Representative  from 
Florida;  born  in  Canton,  Oxford  county,  Me.,  May 
1,  1839;  was  graduated  from  Tuft's  college,  Massa- 
chusetts; served  as  a  private  soldier  three  months 
in  the  Fifth  Massachusetts  volunteers;  mustered 
out  the  middle  of  July,  1861;  appointed  captain  in 
the  Ninth  Maine  volunteers  in  September,  1861; 
promoted  to  the  rank  of  lieutenant  colonel,  and 
afterwards  to  the  rank  of  colonel;  honorably  mus- 
tered out  of  service  with  the  latter  rank  the  last  of 
March,  1863;  commenced  the  practice  of  law  in 
Jacksonville,  Fla.,  February  10,  1865;  held  the 
office  of  United  States  attorney  for  the  northern 
district  of  Florida  1869-1873,  and  for  a  short  period 
the  office  of  attorney  general  of  the  state  of  Florida; 
presented  credentials  as  a  Republican  Member- 
elect  to  the-  Forty-fifth  Congress  and  served  from 
March  4,  1877,  to  February  20,  1879,  when  he  was 
succeeded  by  Jesse  J.  Finley,  who  contested  his 
election;  successfully  contested  the  election  of 
Noble  A.  Hull  to  the  Forty-sixth  Congress  and 
served  from  January  22,  1881,  to  March  3,  1881; 
successfully  contested  the  election  of  Jesse  J. 
Finley  to  the  Forty-seventh  Congress,  and  served 
from  June  1,  1882,  to  March  3,  1883;  reelected  to 
the  Forty-eighth  Congress  (March  4,  1883-March 
3,  1885);  resumed  the  practice  of  law  in  Jackson- 
ville, Fla. 

Bishop,  James,  a  Representative  from  New 
Jersey;  born  in  New  Brunswick,  N.  J.,  May  11, 1816; 
attended  the  common  schools;  trained  for  a  mer- 
cantile life ;  member  of  the  state  house  of  represen- 
tatives; elected  as  a  Whig  to  the  Thirty -fourth  Con- 
gress (March  4,  1855-March  3,  1857);  prominent  in 
the  rubber  trade  in  New  York  City;  chief  of  the 
bureau  of  labor  statistics  of  New  Jersey  1878-1893, 
and  a  resident  of  Trenton,  N.  J.;  died  at  Kemble 
Hall,  near  Morristown,  N.  J.,  May  10,  1895. 

Bishop,  Phanuel,  a  Representative  from 
Massachusetts;  born  in  Rehoboth,  Mass.,  Septem- 
ber 3,  1739;  attended  the  public  schools;  state 
senator  1787-1791;  member  of  the  state  house  of 
representatives  in  1792,  1793,  1797,  and  1798; 
elected  to  the  Sixth,  Seventh,  Eighth,  and  Ninth 
Congresses  (March  4,  1799-March  3,  1807);  died  in 
Rehoboth,  Mass.,  January  6,  1812. 

Bishop,  Boswell  Peter,  a  Representative  from 
Michigan;  born  in  Sidney,  Delaware  county, 
N.  Y.,  January  6,  1843;  in  1861  he  enlisted  as  a 
private  in  company  C,  Forty-third  New  York  vol- 
unteer infantry;  attended  Unadilla  academy, 
Cooperstown  seminary,  and  Walton  academy, 
New  York;  taught  'school  several  years,  and 
entered  Michigan  university  in  September, 
1868,  where  he  remained  until  December,  1872; 
admitted  to  the  bar  in  May,  1875,  at  Ann  Arbor; 
commenced  the  practice  of  law  in  Ludington,  Mich. ; 
elected  prosecuting  attorney  of  Mason  county 
1876,  1878,  and  1884;  elected"  to  the  Michigan  leg- 
islature 1882  and  1892;  elected  as  a  Republican 
to  the  Fifty-fourth,  Fifty-fifth,  Fifty-sixth,  Fifty- 
seventh,  Fifty-eighth,  and  Fifty-ninth  Congresses 
(March  4,  1895-March  3,  1907);  resumed  the  prac- 
tice of  law  in  Ludington,  Mich. ;  member  Michigan 
constitutional  convention  of  1907;  appointed  a 
member  of  the  Spanish  Treaty  Claims  commission 


BIOGRAPHIES. 


479 


in  December,  1907,  and  served  until  the  work  of 
the  commission  was  completed;  moved  to  Hollister, 
Cal.,  in  1910  and  engaged  in  fruit  growing. 

Bishop,  William  Darius,  a  Representative  from 
Connecticut;  born  in  Bloomfield,  N.  J.,  Septem- 
ber 14,  1827;  was  graduated  from  Yale  college  in 
1849;  studied  law  and  admitted  to  the  bar,  but  did 
not  practice ;  taking  up  railroad  enterprises ;  elected 
as  a  Democrat  to  the  Thirty-fifth  Congress  (March  4, 
1857-March  3,  1859) ;  Commissioner  of  Patents  from 
May  23,  1859,  to  January,  I860;  member  of  the 
state  house  of  representatives  in  1866  and  1871; 
state  senator  1877-1878;  died  in  Bridgeport,  Conn., 
February  4,  1904. 

Bissell,  William  Harrison,  a  Representative 
from  Illinois;  born  in  Hartwick,  N.  Y.,  April  25, 
1811;  attended  the  public  schools;  was  graduated 
from  the  Philadelphia  medical  college  in  1835; 
moved  to  Illinois  and  practiced  medicine  until 
1840;  member  of  the  state  house  of  representatives; 
studied  law  and  commenced  practice  in  Belleville, 
111.;  prosecuting  attorney  in  1844;  served  in  the 
Mexican  War  as  colonel  of  the  Second  Illinois  infan- 
try ;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Thirty-first,  Thirty- 
second,  and  Thirty -third  Congresses  (March  4, 1851- 
March  3, 1855) ;  elected  governor  on  the  Republican 
ticket  1856-1860;  died  in  Springfield,  111.,  March  18, 
1860.  • 

Black,  Edward  Junius,  a  Representative  from 
Georgia;  born  in  Beaufort,  S.  C.,  October  30,  1805; 
attended  the  public  schools  and  studied  law;  com- 
menced practice  in  1827;  moved  to  Scriven  county, 
Ga.,  in  1832;  member  of  the  state  house  of  represent- 
atives for  several  terms;  elected  to  the  Twenty- 
sixth  Congress  as  a  States  Rights  Whig;  reelected 
to  the  Twenty-seventh  Congress  to  fill  in  part 
vacancies  caused  by  the  resignation  of  Julius  C. 
Alvord,  William  C.  Dawson,  and  Eugenius  A.  Nis- 
bit,  and  took  his  seat  March  2,  1842;  reelected  to 
the  Twenty-eighth  Congress  as  a  Democrat,  having 
served  from  March  4,  1839,  to  March  3,  1845;  died 
in  Barnwell  district,  S.  C.,  September  1,  1849. 

Black,  Frank  Swett,  a  Representative  from 
New  York;  born  in  Limington,  York  county,  Me., 
March  8,  1853;  attended  the  district  schools  and 
Lebanon  academy,  West  Lebanon,  Me.;  was 
graduated  from  the  academy  in  1871  and  from 
Dartmouth  college  in  1875;  editor  of  the  Johns- 
town (N.  Y.)  Journal;  moved  to  Troy,  studied  law, 
and  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1879;  elected  as  a 
Republican  to  the  Fifty-fourth  Congress,  and 
served  from  March  4, 1895,  to  January  7, 1897,  when 
he  resigned,  having  been  elected  governor  of  New 
York;  resumed  the  practice  of  law  in  New  York 
City. 

Black,  George  Robison,  a  Representative 
from  Georgia;  born  in  Scriven  county,  Ga.,  March 
24, 1836 ;  attended  the  University  of  Georgia  and  the 
South  Carolina  college;  studied  law  and  admitted 
to  the  bar  in  1857  at  Savannah ;  entered  the  Confed- 
erate service  as  first  lieutenant  of  the  Phoenix  rifle- 
men, and  afterwards  prompted  to  lieutenant  colonel 
of  the  Sixty-third  Georgia  regiment;  delegate  to 
the  constitutional  convention  of  1865  and  to  the 
Democratic  national  convention  at  Baltimore; 
state  senator  1874-1877;  vice  president  of  the 
Georgia  state  agricultural  society;  elected  as  a 
Democrat  to  the  Forty-seventh  Congress  (March  4, 
1881-March  3, 1883);  died  in  Sylvania,  Ga.,  Novem- 
ber 3,  1886. 


Black,  Henry,  a  Representative  from  Pennsyl- 
vania; native  of  that  state;  attended  common 
schools,  and  engaged  in  farming;  a  resident  of 
Somerset,  Pa.;  elected  to  the  Twenty-seventh 
Congress,  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  the  death  of 
Charles  Ogle,  and  served  from  June  28, 1841,  until 
his  death  in  Somerset,  Pa.,  November  28,  1841. 

Black,  James,  a  Representative  from  Pennsyl- 
vania; born  in  Newport,  Pa.,  and  attended  the  com- 
mon schools;  elected  to  the  Twenty -fourth  Con- 
gress as  a  Democrat,  in  place  of  Jesse  Miller;  re- 
signed, and  served  from  December  5, 1836,  to  March 
3,  1837;  elected  to  the  Twenty-eighth  and  Twenty- 
ninth  Congresses  (March  4,  1843-March  3,  1847). 

Black,  James  A.,  a  Representative  from  South 
Carolina;  born  in  Abbeville  district,  S.  C.,  in  1793; 
attended  the  public  schools ;  entered  the  United 
States  Army  as  a  lieutenant  in  1812  and  promoted 
to  the  rank  of  captain ;  filled  other  important  posi- 
tions; elected  to  the  Twenty-eighth  Congress  as  a 
Calhoun  Democrat;  reelected  to  the  Twenty -ninth 
and  Thirtieth  Congresses;  served  from  March  4, 
1843,  until  his  death  in  Washington,  D.  C.,  April  3, 
1848. 

Black,  James  Conquest  Cross,  a  Representa- 
tive from  Georgia;  born  in  Stamping  Ground,  Scott 
county,  Ky.,  May  9,  1842;  was  graduated  from 
Georgetown  college,  Ky.;  private  soldier  in  com- 
pany A,  Ninth  Kentucky  cavalry,  Confederate 
army;  after  the  war  read  law  in  Augusta,  Ga.,  and 
was  admitted  to  the  bar  April,  1866;  member  of 
the  state  legislature;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the 
Fifty-third  and  Fifty-fqurth  Congresses,  and  served 
from  March  4,  1893,  to  March  4,  1895,  when  he  re- 
signed ;  subsequently  elected  to  fill  vacancy  caused 
by  his  own  resignation,  and  served  from  December 
2,  1895,  to  March  3,  1897;  resumed  the  practice  of 
law  in  Augusta,  Ga. 

Black,  John,  a  Senator  from  Mississippi;  born 
and  reared  in  Virginia;  studied  law  and  began  prac- 
tice in  Louisiana;  moved  to  Mississippi,  where  he 
was  appointed  judge;  appointed  a  United  States 
Senator  to  fill  the  vacancy  caused  by  the  resigna- 
tion of  Powhatan  Ellis,  and  was  subsequently 
elected  as  a  Whig,  and  served  from  November  12, 
1832,  to  January  22,  1838,  when  he  resigned;  re- 
sumed the  practice  of  law;  died  in  Winchester,  Va., 
August  29,  1854. 

Black,  John  Charles,  a  Representative  from 
Illinois;  born  in  Lexington,  Miss.,  January  27, 
1839;  moved  to  Illinois  in  1847;  was  graduated  from 
Wabash  college,  Indiana;  admitted  to  the  bar  in 
1867;  served  in  the  Union  Army  from  April  14, 
1861,  to  August  15,  1865;  Commissioner  of  Pensions 
from  March  17,  1885,  to  March  27,  1889;  elected  as 
a  Democrat  to  the  Fifty-third  Congress,  and  served 
from  March  4,  1893,  until  he  resigned  January  12, 
1895;  United  State  attorney,  northern  district  of 
Illinois  1895-1899;  appointed  civil-service  com- 
missioner in  January,  1904,  and  president  of  the 
commission  since  that  time,  with  residence  in 
Washington,  D.  C. 

Blackburn,  Edniond  Spencer,  a  Representa- 
tive from  North  Carolina;  born  in  Watauga  county, 
N.  C.,  September  22,  1868;  attended  the  common 
schools  and  academies  of  his  native  state;  studied 
law  and  admitted  to  the  bar  in  May,  1890;  reading 
clerk  of  the  North  Carolina  state  senate  1894-1895; 
representative  in  the  legislature  1896-1897  and 


480 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 


elected  speaker  pro  tempore;  appointed  assistant 
United  States  attorney  in  1898;  elected  as  a  Repub- 
lican to  the  Fifty-seventh  Congress  (March  4, 1901- 
March  3,  1903);  reelected  to  the  Fifty-ninth  Con- 
gress (March  4,  1905-March  3,  1907);  died  in  Eliza- 
bethton,  Tenn.,  March  10,  1912;  interment  in 
Boone,  N.  C. 

Blackburn,  Joseph  Clay  Stiles,  a  Representa- 
tive and  a  Senator  from  Kentucky;  born  in  Wood- 
ford  county,  Ky.,  October  1,  1838;  attended  Sayres 
Institute,  Frankfort,  Ky.,  and  was  graduated  from 
Centre  college,  Danville,  Ky.,  in  1857;  studied 
law,  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1858,  and  practiced 
until  1861;  entered  the  Confederate  army  in  1861, 
and  served  throughout  the  war;  resumed  the  prac- 
tice of  law  in  1865;  elected  to  the  state  legislature 
in  1871  and  1873;  elected  to  the  Forty -fourth, 
Forty-fifth,  Forty-sixth,  Forty -seventh,  and  Forty- 
eighth  Congresses  (Mar.  4, 1875-Mar.  3, 1885) ;  elected 
to  the  United  States  Senate  as  a  Democrat;  re- 
elected,  and  served  from  March  4,  1885,  to  March 
3, 1897;  again  elected  to  the  United  States  Senate, 
and  served  from  March  4,  1901,  to  March  3,  1907; 
appointed  Isthmian  Canal  Commissioner  1907;  re- 
signed in  1909  and  removed  to  his  farm  in  Woodford 
county,  Ky. 

Blackburn,  William  Jasper,  a  Representative 
from  Louisiana;  born  in  Arkansas  July  24,  1820; 
taught  in  elementary  courses  by  his  parents; 
learned  the  art  of  printing;  moved  to  Minden,  La., 
and  established  the  Minden  Herald;  then  to  Homer, 
La.,  and  established  the  Homer  Iliad;  member  of 
the  state  constitutional  convention  of  1867;  elected 
as  a  Republican  to  the  Fortieth  Congress,  and 
served  from  July  18,  1868,  to  March  3,  1869;  mem- 
ber state  senate  two  terms;  returned  to  Arkansas 
in  1880;  published  the  Free  South;  died  in  Little 
Rock,  Ark.,  November  10,  1899. 

Blacklege,  William,  a  Representative  from 
North  Carolina;  born  in  Craven  county,  N.  C.; 
member  of  the  state  house  of  representatives  in 
1797,  1798,  1799,  and  1809;  elected  as  a  Democrat 
to  the  Eighth,  Ninth,  and  Tenth  Congresses  (March 
4,  1803-March  3,  1809);  reelected  to  the  Twelfth 
Congress  (March  4,  1811-March  3,  1813);  died  in 
Spring  Hill,  Craven  county,  N.  C.,  October  19, 
1828. 

Blackledge,  William  S.,  a  Representative  from 
North  Carolina;  born  in  Pitt  county,  N.  C.,  in 
1793;  moved  to  Craven  county;  in  1820  member 
of  the  state  house  of  representatives;  elected  to 
the  Sixteenth  Congress,  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by 
the  death  of  Jesse  Slocum,  as  a  Democrat ;  reelected 
to  the  Seventeenth  Congress,  served  from  February 
7,  1821,  to  March  3,  1823;  died  in  Newbern,  N.  C., 
March  21,  1857. 

Blackmar,  Esbon,  a  Representative  from  New 
York;  born  in  Freehold,  Green  county,  N.  Y.,  June 
19, 1905;  two  years  a  member  of  the  state  assembly; 
elected  as  a  Whig  to  the  Thirtieth  Congress  to  fill 
vacancy  caused  by  the  death  of  John  M.  Holley,  and 
served  from  December  4,  1848,  to  March  3,  1849; 
died  in  Newark,  N.  Y.,  November  9,  1857. 

Blackwell,  Julius  W.,  a  Representative  from 
Tennessee;  born  in  Virginia;  attended  the  public 
schools;  moved  to  Tennessee  and  settled'in  Athens; 
elected  as  a  Van  Buren  Democrat  to  the  Twenty- 
sixth  Congress  (March  4,  1839-March  3,  1841);  re- 
elected  to  the  Twenty-eighth  Congress  (March  4, 
1843-March  3,  1845). 


Blaine,  James  Gillespie,  a  Representative  and 
a  Senator  from  Maine;  born  in  West  Brownsville, 
Washington  county,  Pa.,  January  31,  1830;  was 
graduated  from  Washington  college,  Pennsylvania, 
in  1847;  was  for  a  time  teacher  in  the  Western  mili- 
tary institute,  Blue  Lick  Springs,  Ky.;  returned  to 
Pennsylvania,  studied  law,  and  in  1852-1854 
taught  higher  branches  in  the  Pennsylvania  insti- 
tution for  the  blind  in  Philadelphia;  went  to  Maine 
in  1854,  where  he  edited  the  Portland  Advertiser 
and  the  Kennebec  Journal;  member  of  the  Maine 
legislature  1859-1862,  served  the  last  two  years  as 
speaker  of  the  house;  elected  as  a  Republican  to 
the  Thirty-eighth,  Thirty-ninth,  Fortieth,  Forty- 
first,  Forty-second,  Forty-third,  and  Forty-fourth 
Congresses,  and  served  from  March  4,  1863,  to  July 
10,  1876,  when  he  resigned;  served  in  the  Forty- 
first,  Forty-second,  and  the  Forty-third  as  Speaker; 
appointed  and  subsequently  elected  to  the  United 
States  Senate,  to  fill  the  vacancy  caused  by  the 
resignation  of  Lott  M.  Morrill,  and  served  from 
July  10,  1876,  to  March  5,  1881,  when  he  resigned 
to  become  Secretary  of  State  in  Garfield's  Cabinet; 
Secretary  of  State  of  the  United  States  March  5. 
1881-December  12,  1881;  in  1884  was  nominated 
for  President  of  the  United  States  by  the  Repub- 
licans, and  was  defeated  by  Grover  Cleveland,  of 
New  York;  Secretary  of  State  under  Harrison,  and 
served  from  March  7,  1889,  to  June  4,  1892,  when 
he  resigned;  died  in  Washington,  D.  C.,  January 
27,  1893. 

Blair,  Austin,  a  Representative  from  Michigan; 
born  in  Caroline,  Tompkins  county,  N.  Y.,  Feb- 
ruary 8,  1818;  was  graduated  from  Union  college, 
Schenectady,  N.  Y.,  in  1839;  studied  law  in 
Oswego  for  two  years;  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1841; 
removed  to  Michigan,  located  in  Eaton  Rapids 
where  he  began  practice  in  1842;  county  clerk  of 
Eaton  county;  removed  to  Jackson,  Mich.,  in  1844 
and  was  elected  prosecuting  attorney  of  Jackson 
county;  member  of  the  state  legislature,  serving  in 
both  branches;  member  of  the  Buffalo  convention 
of  1848;  present  at  the  organization  of  the  Republi- 
can party  in  Jackson,  Mich.,  July  6,  1854,  and  a 
member  of  the  committee  on  platform;  member  of 
the  Republican  national  convention  of  1860; 
governor  of  Michigan  1860-1862;  elected  as  a  Re- 
publican to  the  Fortieth,  Forty-first,  and  Forty- 
second  Congresses  (March  4,  1867-March  3,  1873); 
died  in  Jackson,  Mich.,  August  6,  1894. 

Blair,  Barnard,  a  Representative  from  New 
York;  born  n  Williamston,  Mass.,  June  1,  1801; 
attended  the  public  schools;  was  graduated  from 
Williams  college  in  1825;  held  several  county 
offices  in  Washington  county;  elected  as  a  Whig  to 
the  Twenty-seventh  Congress  (March  4,  1841- 
March  3,  1843);  died  in  Salem,  N.  Y.,  May  7,  1880. 

Blair,  Francis  P.,  jr.,  a  Representative  and  a 
Senator  from  Missouri;  born  in  Lexington,  Ky., 
February  19,  1821;  was  graduated  from  Princeton 
college  in  1841;  moved  to  St.  Louis,  Mo.;  studied 
law,  and  commenced  practice  in  1845;  enlisted  as  a 
private  in  the  regiment  of  Col.Doniphan  and  served 
through  the  Mexican  War;  after  the  war  resumed 
practice  in  St.  Louis;  in  1852  and  1854  elected  to  the 
Missouri  legislature;  elected  as  a  Free  Soiler  to  the 
Thirty-fifth  and  Thirty-sixth  Congresses  (March  4, 
1857-June  25,  1860);  seat  was  contested  but  was 
awarded  him;  resigned  at  the  close  of  the  first  ses- 
sion; elected  to  the  Thirty-seventh  Congress  and 
served  from  March  4,  1861,  to  July,  1862,  when  he 
resigned,  to  become  a  colonel  in  the  Union  army; 
presented  credentials  as  a  Member-elect  to  the 


BIOGRAPHIES. 


481 


Thirty-eighth  Congress,  and  served  from  March  4, 
1863,  to  June  10,  1864,  when  he  was  succeeded  by 
Samuel  Knox,  who  contested  his  election;  mem- 
ber of  state  legislature  in  1870;  elected  as  a  Demo- 
crat to  the  United  States  Senate,  to  fill  vacancy 
caused  by  the  resignation  of  Charles  D.  Drake, 
and  served  from  January  20,  '1871,  to  March  3, 
1873;  state  insurance  commissioner;  died  in  St. 
Louis,  Mo.,  July  8,  1875. 

Blair,  Henry  William,  a  Representative  and  a 
Senator  from  New  Hampshire;  born  in  Campton, 
N.  H.,  December  6,  1834;  attended  the  common 
school  and  academy ;  studied  law  and  was  admitted 
to  the  bar  in  May,  1859 ;  appointed  prosecuting  at- 
torney for  Graf  ton  county  in  1860;  served  in  the 
Union  Army  as  lieutenant  colonel  of  the  Fifteenth 
New  Hampshire  volunteers;  member  of  the  state 
house  of  representatives  in  1866,  and  of  the  state 
senate  in  1867-68;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the 
Forty-fourth  and  Forty-fifth  Congresses  (March  4, 
1875-March  3,  1879);  elected  to  the  United  States 
Senate  and  took  his  seat  June  20,  1879,  and  served 
until  March  3, 1885;  appointed  in  June,  1885,  to  fill 
the  vacancy  caused  by  the  expiration  of  his  term 
and  was  subsequently  elected  and  served  until 
March  3,  1891;  was  appointed  envoy  extraordinary 
and  minister  plenipotentiary  to  China,  March  6, 
1891;  was  objected  to  as  persona  non  grata  by  the 
Chinese  government,  our  government  protesting 
against  the  sufficiency  of  the  objections;  tendered 
his  resignation,  which  was  accepted  October  6, 
1891 ;  elected  to  the  Fifty-third  Congress  (March  4, 
1893-March  3, 1895) ;  engaged  in  the  practice  of  law 
in  Washington,  D.  C. 

Blair,  Jacob  Beeson,  a  Representative  from 
Virginia  and  from  West  Virginia;  born  in  Parkers- 
burg,  Va.,  April  11,  1821;  attended  the  public 
schools;  studied  law  and  practiced;  prosecuting  at- 
torney for  Ritchie  county  for  several  years;  elected 
as  a  Unionist  from  Virginia  to  the  Thirty-seventh 
Congress  (March  4,  1861-March  3,  1863);  reelected 
from  the  new  state  of  West  Virginia  to  the  Thirty- 
eighth  Congress;  took  his  seat  December  7,  1863, 
and  served  until  March  3,  1865;  was  surveyor  gen- 
eral of  Utah ;  minister  to  Costa  Rica ;  member  of  the 
Wyoming  supreme  court  for  twelve  years,  and  for 
a  number  of  years  occupied  the  same  position  in 
Utah;  died  in  Salt  Lake  City,  Utah,  February  12, 
1901. 

Blair,  James,  a  Representative  from  South 
Carolina;  born  in  Lancaster,  S.  C.,  elected  to  the 
Seventeenth  Congress  as  an  antitariff  Democrat, 
served  from  March  4,  1821,  to  May  8,  1822,  when  he 
resigned;  elected  to  the  Twenty -first  Congress  as  a 
Union  Democrat;  reelected  to  the  Twenty-second 
and  Twenty-third  Congresses  as  a  Democrat  and 
served  from  March  4,  1831,  until  his  death  in 
Washington,  D.  C.,  March  27,  1834. 

Blair,  James  Garrpll,  a  Representative  from 
Missouri;  born  in  Indiana,  January  1,  1825;  at- 
tended public  schools  in  Kentucky;  moved  to 
Lewis  county,  Mo.;  elected  circuit  clerk  in  Jan- 
uary, 1848;  studied  law  and  began  practice  in 
Canton,  Mo.,  in  1854;  elected  as  a  Liberal  Repub- 
lican to  the  Forty-second  Congress  (March  4,  1871- 
March  3,  1873);  died  in  Monticello,  Mo.,  March  1, 
1904. 

Blair,  John,  a  Representative  from  Tennessee; 
born  in  Washington  county,  Tenn.,  September  13, 
1790;  attended  Washington  college,  Tenn.;  mem- 
ber of  the  state  legislature,  serving  in  both  houses; 

50346°— S.  Doc.  654,  61-2 31 


elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Eighteenth,  Nine- 
teenth, Twentieth,  Twenty-first,  Twenty-second, 
and  Twenty-third  Congresses  (March  4,  1823- 
March  3,  1835);  died  in  Jonesboro,  Tenn.,  July  9, 
1863. 

Blair,  Samuel  Steel,  a  Representative  from 
Pennsylvania;  born  in  Indiana  county,  Pa.,  De- 
cember 5,  1821;  attended  the  public  schools; 
elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Thirty-sixth  and 
Thirty-seventh  Congresses  (March  4,  1859-March  3, 
1863);  died  in  Hollidaysburg,  Pa.,  December  8, 
1890. 

Blaisdell,  Daniel,  a  Representative  from  New 
Hampshire;  born  in  Amesbury,  Mass.,  January  25, 
1762;  attended  the  public  schools;  member  of  the 
executive  council  1803-1808;  elected  as  a  Federalist 
to  the  Eleventh  Congress;  served  from  March  4, 
1809,  to  March  3,  1811;  member  of  the  state  senate 
1814-1815;  died  in  Canaan,  N.  H.,  January  10, 1833. 

Blake,  Harrison  Gray  Otis,  a  Representative 
from  Ohio;  born  in  Newfane,  Vt.,  March  17,  1818; 
attended  the  public  schools;  in  1830  moved  to 
Ohio;  studied  law,  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  com- 
menced practice  in  Medina;  for  four  years  a  mem- 
ber of  the  legislature  of  Ohio;  president  of  the  state 
senate,  1848-1849;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the 
Thirty-sixth  Congress,  to  fill  a  vacancy  caused  by 
the  death  of  Cyrus  Spink;  reelected  to  the  Thirty- 
seventh  Congress;  served  from  March  4,  1859,  to 
March  3,  1863;  author  of  the  postal  money-order 
system;  entered  the  Union  Army  1864  as  colonel 
of  the  One  hundred  and  sixty-sixth  regiment  in 
command  of  Fort  Richardson;  delegate  to  the 
Loyalists'  convention  in  Philadelphia  in  1866; 
died  in  Medina,  Ohio,  April  16,  1876. 

Blake,  John,  jr.,  a  Representative  from  New 
York;  born  in  Ulster  county,  N.  Y.,  December  5, 
1762;  attended  public  schools;  member  of  the  state 
legislature  1798,  1799,  and  1800;  sheriff  of  Orange 
county  .1803-1805;  elected  to  the  Ninth  and  Tenth 
Congresses  (March  4,  1805-March  3,  1809);  member 
of  the  state  legislature  1812-1813;  judge  of  the  court 
of  common  pleas  for  Orange  county  1815-1818; 
again  a  member  of  the  state  assembly  in  1819; 
died  in  Montgomery,  N.  Y.,  January  13,  1826. 

Blake,  John  Lauris,  a  Representative  from 
New  Jersey;  born  in  Boston,  Mass.,  March  25,  1831; 
when  fifteen  years  old  moved  to  Orange,  N.  J.; 
admitted  to  practice  law  in  1852;  was  a  member  of 
the  house  of  assembly  in  1857;  delegate  to  the 
Republican  national  convention  in  1876;  elected 
as  a  Republican  to  the  Forty -sixth  Congress  (March 
4,  1879-March  3,  1881);  after  leaving  Congress  re- 
sumed the  practice  of  law;  in  1893  president  of  the 
Citizens'  gas  light  company  of  Newark,  N.  J.; 
died  in  West  Orange,  N.  J.,  October  10,  1899. 

Blake,  Thomas  Holdsworth,  a  Representative 
from  Indiana;  born  in  Calvert  county,  Md.,  June  14, 
1792;  attended  the  public  schools  and  studied  law 
in  Washington,  D.  C. ;  member  of  the  militia  of  the 
District  of  Columbia  which  took  part  in  the  battle 
of  Bladensburg,  in  1814;  moved  to  Kentucky  and 
then  to  Indiana;  began  the  practice  of  law  in  Terre 
Haute;  prosecuting  attorney  and  judge  of  the  cir- 
cuit court;  gave  up  the  practice  of  law  and  engaged 
in  business;  for  several  years  a  member  of  the  state 
legislature  of  Indiana;  elected  as  an  Adams  Repub- 
lican to  the  Twentieth  Congress  (March  4,  1827- 
March  3, 1829) ;  appointed  Commissioner  of  the  Gen- 


482 


CONGKESSIONAL   DIRECTORY. 


eral  Land  Office  by  President  Tyler,  May  19, 1842, 
served  until  April,  1845;  chosen  president  of  the 
Erie  &  Wabash  canal  company;  visited  England  as 
financial  agent  of  the  state  of  Indiana;  on  his 
return  died  in  Cincinnati,  Ohio,  November  28, 
1849. 

Blakeney,  Albert  Alexander,  a  Representa- 
tive from  Maryland;  born  in  Sherwood,  Md.,  Sep- 
tember 28, 1850;  attended  private  schools;  learned 
the  business  of  cotton  manufacturing,  and  estab- 
lished the  large  cotton-duck  mills  now  located  in 
Franklin ville,  Md.;  county  commissioner  for  four 
years;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Fifty -sev- 
enth Congress  (March  4,  1901-March  3,  1903);  re- 
sumed business  activities  in  Ilchester,  Howard 
county,  Md. 

Blanchard,  John,  a  Representative  from  Penn- 
sylvania; born  in  Peacham  township,  Caledonia 
county,  Vt.,  September  30,  1787;  attended  the 
common  schools;  taught  school  and  was  graduated 
from  Dartmouth  college  in  1812;  moved  to  York, 
Pa.;  taught  school;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to 
the  bar.  March  31,  1815,  and  commenced  practice 
in  Lewiston,  Mifflin  county,  Pa.;  moved  to  Belle- 
fonte  in  1815  and  continued  practice;  elected 
as  a  Whig  to  the  Twenty-ninth  and  Thirtieth 
Congresses  (March  4,  1845-March  3,  1849);  died 
en  route  from  Washington,  D.  C.,  in  Columbia,  Pa., 
March  8,  1849;  interment  in  Bellefonte,  Pa. 

Blanchard,  Jonathan,  a  Delegate  from  New 
Hampshire;  born  in  Dunstable,  N.  H.,  September 
18,  1738;  attended  the  public  schools;  took  an 
active  part  in  the  Revolution;  sat  in  the  Conti- 
nental Congress  1783-1784;  died  in  Dunstable, 
N.  H.,  July  16,  1788. 

Blanchard,  Newton  Grain,  a  Representative 
and  a  Senator  from  Louisiana;  born  in  Rapides  Par- 
ish, La.,  January  29,  1849;  completed  academic 
studies;  commenced  the  study  of  law  in  Alex- 
andria, La.,  in  1868;  was  graduated  from  the  law 
department  of  the  University  of  Louisiana,  at 
New  Orleans,  in  1870;  commenced  practice  in 
Shreveport  in  1871;  in  1876  made  chairman  of  the 
Democratic  committee  of  Caddo  Parish;  delegate 
to  the  state  constitutional  convention  of  1879; 
elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Forty -seventh,  Forty- 
eighth,  Forty-ninth,  Fiftieth,  Fifty-first,  Fifty- 
second,  and  Fifty-third  Congresses,  and  served 
from  March  4,  1881,  to  March  12,  1894,  when  he 
resigned;  appointed  to  the  United  States  Senate 
to  succeed  Edward  D.  White;  subsequently 
elected,  and  served  from  March  12,  1894,  to  March 
3,  1897;  associate  justice  of  the  supreme  court 
of  Louisiana  1897-1903;  resigned  to  become  Demo- 
cratic candidate  for  governor;  governor  of  Loui- 
siana from  May  16,  1904,  to  May  18,  1908;  resumed 
the  practice  of  law  in  Shreveport,  La.;  served  for 
years  as  Democratic  national  committeeman  from 
Louisiana,  and  as  delegate  at  large  to  national 
Democratic  conventions. 

Bland,  Richard,  a  Delegate  from  Virginia;  born 
in  Orange  county,  Va.,  May  6,  1710;  completed 
preparatory  studies  and  was  graduated  from  William 
and  Mary  college  and  the  University  of  Edinburgh ; 
member  of  the  Virginia  house  of  burgesses  1745 
to  1775;  was  known  as  "the  Virginia  Antiquary;" 
took  a  leading  part  in  the  Revolution;  sat  in  the 
Continental  Congress  1774-1775;  again  chosen,  but 
declined  to  serve;  member  of  the  Virginia  com- 
mittee of  correspondence,  1773;  member  of  the 
revolutionary  conventions  of  1775  and  1776;  died 
in  .Williamsburg,  Va.,  October  28,  1776. 


Bland,  Richard  Parks,  a  Representative  from 
Missouri;  born  near  Hartford,  Ky.,  August  19, 
1835;  went  to  Missouri  in  1855,  then  to  California, 
and  then  to  that  portion  of  Utah  that  is  now  Nevada; 
located  in  Virginia  City  and  practiced  law;  county 
treasurer  of  Carson  county  from  1860  until  the 
organization  of  the  state  government  of  Nevada; 
returned  to  Missouri  in  1865;  took  up  his  residence 
in  Rolla  and  practiced  law  until  he  removed  to 
Lebanon  in  August,  1869;  elected  as  a  Democrat 
to  the  Forty-third,  and  to  the  ten  succeeding  Con- 
gresses (March  4,  1873-March  3,  1895);  reelected  to 
the  Fifty-fifth  and  Fifty-sixth  Congresses,  and 
served  from  March  4,  1897,  until  his  death  in 
Lebanon,  Mo.,  June  15,  1899. 

Bland,  Theodorick,  a  Delegate  and  a  Repre- 
sentative from  Virginia;  born  in  Prince  George 
county,  Va.,  March  21,  1741;  sent  to  England  to  be 
educated  in  1753;  studied  medicine  in  Edinburgh 
and  admitted  to  practice;  returned  home  in  1759 
and  took  part  in  the  Revolution ;  entered  the  Con- 
tinental Army  as  captain  of  the  first  troop  of  Vir- 
ginia cavalry;  sat  in  the  Continental  Congress, 
1780-1783;  appointed  by  Gov.  Henry  lieutenant  of 
Prince  George  county  militia  in  1785;  member  of 
the  Virginia  convention  of  1788  on  the  adoption  of 
the  Federal  Constitution,  and  was  one  of  the  minor- 
ity which  opposed  its  ratification;  was  elected  to 
the  First  Congress;  served  from  March  4, 1789,  until 
his  death  in  New  York  City,  June  1,  1790. 

Bledsoe,  Jesse,  a  Senator  from  Kentucky; 
born  in  Culpeper  county,  Va.,  April  6,  1776; 
studied  law  and  practiced  in  Kentucky;  professor 
of  law  in  the  Transylvania  university;  secretary  of 
state  in  1808;  member  of  the  state  legislature  in 
1812;  elected  to  the  United  States  Senate  and  served 
from  March  4, 1813,  until  his  resignation,  December 
24,  1814;  member  of  the  state  senate  1816-1820;  cir- 
cuit judge  of  the  Lexington  circuit;  removed  to 
Mississippi  and  then  to  Texas  and  continued  the 
practice  of  law;  died  near  Nacogdoches,  Tex.,  June 
30, 1837. 

Bleecker,  Harmanus,  a  Representative  from 
New  York;  born  in  Albany,  N.  Y.,  October  9,  1779; 
studied  law  and  commenced  practice  in  Albany  in 
1801;  several  years  a  member  of  the  state  assembly; 
elected  as  an  anti-War  Federalist  to  the  Twelfth 
Congress  (March  4,  1811-March  3,  1813);  a  regent  of 
the  University  of  New  York  1822-1834;  chargS 
d'affaires  in  the  Netherlands,  May  12,  1837,  to 
June  28, 1842;  died  in  Albany,  N.  Y.,  July  19, 1849. 

Bliss,  Aaron  T.,  a  Representative  from  Michi- 
gan; born  in  Peterboro,  Madison  county,  N.  Y., 
May  22,  1837;  attended  the  common  schools; 
October  1,  1861,  enlisted  as  a  private  in  the  Tenth 
New  York  cavalry,  served  three  years  and  five 
months,  six  months  of  which  time  he  was  confined 
in  the  prisons  of  Anderson  ville,  Charleston,  Macon, 
and  Columbia;  made  his  escape  from  Columbia, 
and  after  18  nights  of  travel  through  rebel  territory 
reached  the  Union  lines;  rose  while  in  the  service 
from  private  to  captain;  moved  to  Saginaw,  Mich., 
in  December,  1865,  and  engaged  in  the  manufac- 
ture of  lumber;  held  many  positions  of  public 
trust  in  his  own  county;  elected  a  member  of  the 
State  senate  in  1882;  appointed  aid  de  camp  on 
the  staff  of  Gov.  Alger,  1885 ;  held  the  same  position 
on  the  staff  of  the  commander  in  chief  of  the  Grand 
Army  of  the  Republic,  1888;  elected  as  a  Repub- 
lican to  the  Fifty-first  Congress  (March  4,  1889- 
March  3,  1891 ) ;  elected  department  commander  of 
the  Grand  Army  of  the  Republic  in  Michigan; 


BIOGRAPHIES. 


483 


governor  for  two  terms,  1900-1904;  died  in  Saginaw, 
Mich. 

Bliss,  Archibald  Meserole,  a  Representative 
from  New  York;  born  in  Brooklyn,  N.  Y.,  January 
25, 1838 ;  attended  the  common  schools ;  alderman  of 
Brooklyn,  N.  Y.,  1864-1867,  and  served  in  1866  as 
president  of  the  board;  Republican  candidate  for 
mayor  of  Brooklyn  in  1867 ;  delegate  to  the  Repub- 
lican national  conventions  in  Baltimore  in  1864,  in 
Chicago  in  1868,  to  the  Liberal  national  convention 
in  Cincinnati  in  1872,  and  to  the  Democratic  na- 
tional conventions  in  1876,  1880,  1884,  and  1888; 
member  of  the  board  of  water  commissioners  of 
Brooklyn  1871-1872;  president  and  vice-president 
of  the  Bush  wick  Railroad  Co.  from  1868  until  1878, 
director  of  the  New  York  &  Long  Island  Bridge  Co. ; 
elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Forty-fourth,  Forty- 
fifth,  Forty-sixth,  and  Forty-seventh  Congresses 
(March  4,  1875-March  3,  1883);  Forty-ninth  and 
Fiftieth  Congresses;  from  March  4,  1885,  to  March 
3,  1889.  Engaged  in  real  estate  business  in  Wash- 
ington, D.  C. 

Bliss,  George,  a  Representative  from  Ohio; 
born  in  Jerico,  Vt.,  January  1,  1813;  attended 
Granville  college;  studied  law,  was'-admitted  to  the 
bar  in  1841  and  began  practice  in  Wooster,  Ohio; 
appointed  presiding  judge  of  the  eighth  judicial  dis- 
trict in  1850,  served  until  the  office  was  vacated  ow- 
ing to  a  change  of  the  constitution;  elected  as  a 
Democrat  to  the  Thirty-third  and  Thirty-eighth 
Congresses;  served  from  March  4,  1853,  to  March  3, 
1855,  and  from  March  4,  1863,  to  March  4,  1865; 
delegate  to  the  national  Union  convention  in  Phila- 
delphia in  1866. 

Bliss,  Philemon,  a  Representative  from  Ohio; 
born  in  Canton,  Conn.,  July  28,  1814;  attended 
Fairfield  academy  and  Hamilton  college;  studied 
law  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar;  moved  to  Ohio, 
where  he  commenced  practice  in  Elyria,  in  1841; 
elected  presiding  judge  of  the  fourteenth  judicial 
circuit  1848-1851;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the 
Thirty-fourth  and  Thirty -fifth  Congresses  (March  4, 
1855-March  3, 1859);  appointed  United  States  judge 
for  the  Territory  of  Dakota  in  1861  by  President 
Lincoln;  subsequently  removed  to  Columbus,  Mo., 
and  became  a  justice  of  the  supreme  court  of  that 
state  and  dean  of  the  state  university;  died  in 
St.  Paul,  Minn.,  August  25,  1889. 

Blodgett,  Rufus  S.,  a  Senator  from  New  Jersey; 
born  in  Dorchester,  N.  H.,  October  9,  1834;  at- 
tended the  common  school  and  academy;  appren- 
ticed to  the  Amoskeag  locomotive  works,  of  Man- 
chester, N.  H.,  at  the  age  of  18,  where  he  learned 
the  trade  of  machinist;  moved  to  New  Jersey  in 
1866  and  engaged  in  railroad  business;  president 
of  the  Long  Branch  city  bank;  member  of  the  New 
Jersey  legislature,  house  of  assembly,  1878-1880; 
delegate  to  the  Democratic  national  convention  in 
Cincinnati  in  1880;  elected  to  the  United  States 
Senate  as  a  Democrat  to  succeed  Hon.  William  J. 
Sewell,  Republican,  and  took  his  seat  March  4, 
1887,  and  served  until  March  3,  1893;  died  in  Long 
Branch,  N.  J.,  October  3,  1910. 

Blopdworth,  Timothy,  a  Delegate,  a  Repre- 
sentative, and  a  Senator  from  North  Carolina;  born 
in  North  Carolina  in  1736;  member  of  the  state 
house  of  representatives  1779-1784,  sat  in  the  Conti- 
nental Congress  1786-1787 ;  member  of  the  state  sen- 
ate 1788-1789;  elected  to  the  First  Congress,  served 
from  April  6,  1790,  to  March  3,  1791 ;  member  of  the 
state  house  of  representatives  1793-1794;  elected  to 
the  United  States  Senate,  and  served  from  March 


4,  1795,  to  March  3,  1801;  collector  of  customs  at 
Wilmington;  died  in  Washington,  N.  C.,  August 
24,  1814. 

Bloomfield,  Joseph,  a  Representative  from 
New  Jersey ;  born  in  Woodbridge,  N.  J.,  October  18, 
1753;  studied  law  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in 
1775,  and  began  practice  in  Bridgeton,  N.  J.;  in 
1776  entered  the  Revolutionary  Army  as  captain  of 
the  Third  New  Jersey  regiment,  and  attained  the 
rank  of  major;  resumed  the  practice  of  law  in 
Burlington,  N.  J. ;  state  attorney  general  1783-1792; 
governor  1801  and  1803-1812;  commissioned  briga- 
dier general  March  13,  1812,  and  served  until  June 
15, 1815;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Fifteenth  and 
Sixteenth  Congresses  (March  4, 1817-March  3. 1821) ; 
died  in  Burlington,  N.  J.,  October  5,  1825. 

Blount,  James  Henderson,  a  Representative 
from  Georgia;  born  in  Georgia  September  12,  1837; 
served  four  years  in  the  Confederate  army  as  colonel 
of  Blount's  cavalry;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the 
Forty-third,  and  to  the  nine  succeeding  Congresses 
(March  4,  1873-March  3,  1893);  commissioner  to  the 
Hawaiian  Islands  during  President  Cleveland's 
second  term;  retired  from  that  position  in  1893; 
died  in  Macon,  Ga.,  March  8,  1903. 

Blount,  Thomas,  a  Representative  from  North 
Carolina;  born  in  Edgecombe  county,  N.  C.,  May  10, 
1759;  at  the  age  of  sixteen  years  entered  the  Revolu- 
tionary Army;  in  1780  became  deputy  paymaster 
general;  major  commanding  a  battalion  of  North 
Carolina  militia  at  the  battle  of  Eutaw  Springs; 
major  general  of  militia;  elected  to  the  Third, 
Fourth,  Fifth,  Ninth,  Tenth,  and  Twelfth  Con- 
gresses; served  from  March  4,  1793,  to  March  3, 
1799;  March  4,  1805,  to  March  3,  1807,  and  from 
March  4,  1811,  until  his  death  in  Washington, 
D.  C.,  February  7,  1812. 

Blount,  William,  a  Delegate  from  North  Caro- 
lina and  a  Senator  from  Tennessee;  born  in  Bertie 
county,  N.  C.,  March  26, 1749;  pursued  preparatory 
studies  in  Newbern,  N .  C . ;  paymaster  of  Continental 
troops,  North  Carolina  line,  1777;  member  of  the 
house  of  commons  of  North  Carolina,  1780-1784;  sat 
in  the  Continental  Congress  in  1782,  1783,  1786,  and 
1787;  delegate  to  the  convention  that  framed  the 
Federal  constitution  in  1787;  member  of  state  senate 
1788-1790;  in  1790  was  appointed  governor  of  the 
territory  south  of  the  River  Ohio  by  President 
Washington;  superintendent  of  Indian  affairs  1790- 
1796;  chairman  of  the  convention  which  framed  the 
first  state  constitution  of  Tennessee,  February  6, 
1796;  elected  to  the  United  States  Senate,  and 
served  from  August  2,  1796,  until  he  was  found 
guilty  "of  a  high  rnisdemeanor,  entirely  incon- 
sistent with  his  public  trust  and  duty  as  a  Senator, ' ' 
and  was  expelled  July  8,  1797.  Impeachment 
proceedings  were  instituted,  but  were  dismissed. 
He  was  active  in  a  plan  to  incite  the  Creeks  and 
Cherokees  to  aid  the  British  in  conquering  the 
Spanish  territory  of  west  Florida;  during  the  trial 
was  elected  to  the  state  senate  of  Tennessee  and 
chosen  its  president  at  the  opening  of  the  session, 
December  3,  1797;  died  in  Knoxville,  Tenn., 
March  21,  1800. 

Blount,  William  Grainger,  a  Representative 
from  Tennessee;  born  in  Bertie  county,  N.  C.,  in 
1784;  moved  with  his  parents  to  Knoxville,  Tenn., 
in  1792;  studied  law  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar, 
but  never  practiced ;  secretary  of  state  of  Tennessee 
1811-1815;  elected  to  the  Fourteenth  and  Fifteenth 
Congresses,  and  served  from  January  8,  1816,  to 
March  3,  1819;  died  in  Paris,  Tenn.,  May  21,  1827. 


484 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 


Blow,  Henry  Taylor,  a  Representative  from 
Missouri;  born  in  Southampton  county,  Va.,  July 
15,  1817;  in  1830  moved  to  Missouri;  was  graduated 
from  the  St.  Louis  university;  engaged  in  business 
and  later  became  largely  interested  in  lead  mines; 
member  of  the  state  senate  for  four  years;  minister 
resident  at  Venezuela,  June  8,  1861,  to  February 
22,  1862;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Thirty- 
eighth  and  Thirty-ninth  Congresses  (March  4, 1863- 
March  3, 1867);  minister  to  Brazil  from  May  1, 1869, 
to  February  11,  1871;  commissioner  for  the  District 
of  Columbia  1874-1875;  died  in  Saratoga,  N.  Y., 
September  11,  1875;  interment  in  St.  Louis,  Mo. 

Blue,  Richard  Whiting,  a  Representative  from 
Kansas;  born  in  Wood  county,  Va.,  September  8, 
1841;  in  1859  was  sent  to  Monongalia  academy,  in 
Morgantown,  Va.;  also  attended  Washington  (Pa.) 
college  and  remained  there  until  he  enlisted  in 
the  Third  West  Virginia  volunteer  infantry; 
served  first  as  private  and  later  as  lieutenant  in 
said  regiment;  prisoner  of  war  in  Libby  prison, 
Richmond,  Va.,  and  in  Danville,  Va.,  for  a  short 
time;  returned  to  Grafton,  W.  Va.,  after  the  dis- 
charge of  his  regiment  and  studied  law;  admitted 
to  practice  in  Virginia;  located  in  Linn  county, 
Kans.,  in  1871;  probate  judge  two  terms,  county 
attorney  two  terms,  and  state  senator  two  terms; 
elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Fifty-fourth  Con- 
gress (March  4,  1895-;March  3,  1897) ;  resumed  the 
practice  of  law;  died  in  Bartlesville,  Ind.  T., 
January  28,  1907. 

Eoarciman,  Elijah,  a  Senator  from  Connecticut; 
born  in  New  Milford,  Conn.,  March  7,  1760;  en- 
gaged in  business;  member  of  the  state  house  of 
representatives,  and  of  the  executive  council  for 
several  years;  elected  to  the  United  States  Senate, 
and  served  from  March  4,  1821,  until  his  death, 
in  Boardman,  Ohio,  October  8,  1823;  interment  in 
New  Milford,  Conn. 

Boardman,  William  Whiting,  a  Representative 
from  Connecticut;  born  in  New  Milford,  Conn., 
October  10, 1794;  was  graduated  from  Yale  college  in 
1812;  studied  law  in  Cambridge  and  Litchfield  law 
schools,  and  afterwards  practiced  in  New  Haven; 
judge  of  probate;  for  several  years  a  member  of  the 
state  house  of  representatives,  and  served  as 
speaker  one  year;  elected  as  a  Whig  to  the  Twenty- 
sixth  Congress,  to  fill  the  vacancy  caused  by  the 
resignation  of  William  L.  Storrs;  reelected  to  the 
Twenty-seventh  Congress;  served  from  December  7, 
1840  ,to  March  3,  1843;  died  in  New  Haven,  Conn., 
August  27,  1871. 

Bparman,  Alexander,  a  Representative  from 
Louisiana ;  born  in  Yazoo,  Miss.',  December  10, 1839; 
attended  the  Kentucky  military  institute,  Frank- 
fort, Ky. ;  studied  law  and  practiced  in  Shreveport; 
elected  as  a  Liberal  to  the  Forty-second  Congress,  to 
fill  vacancy  caused  by  the  death  of  James  McCleary , 
and  served  from  December  3,  1872,  to  March  3, 
1873.  when  he  resigned;  served  on  bench  of  district 
court  of  Louisiana;  appointed  United  States  judge, 
western  district  of  Louisiana,  in  1881. 

Boatner,  Charles  Jahleal,  a  Representative 
from  Louisiana;  born  in  Columbia,  in  the  parish  of 
Caldwell,  La.,  January  23,  1849;  admitted  to  the 
bar  in  January,  1870;  elected  a  member  of  the 
state  senate  in  1876,  which  position  he  resigned  in 
May,  1878;  elected  to  the  Fifty-first,  Fifty-second, 
and  Fifty-third  Congresses,  and  received  the  cer- 
tificate of  election  to  the  Fifty-fourth  Congress, 
but  his  seat  was  declared  vacant  March  20,  1896. 
At  a  special  election  held  June  10,  1896,  he  was 


elected  as  a  Democrat  for  the  short  term  of  the 
Fifty-fourth  Congress;  served  with  a  short  interim, 
from  March  4,  1889,  to  March  3,  1897;  declined  a 
reelection;  moved  to  New  Orleans  and  continued 
the  practice  of  law;  died  in  New  Orleans,  La., 
March  21,  1903. 

Bockee,  Abraham,  a  Representative  from  New 
York;  born  in  Northeast  Dutchess  county,  N.  Y., 
February  3,  1784;  attended  the  public  schools  and 
was  graduated  from  Union  college  May  4,  1803; 
studied  law  in  Poughkeepsie,  and  admitted  to  the 
bar  May  16,  1806,  and  practiced  in  Poughkeepsie 
until  1815,  when  he  returned  to  farm  at  Shekomeko, 
Dutchess  county;  in  1820  was  a  member  of  the  state 
assembly;  elected  as  a  Jackson  Democrat  to  the 
Twenty-first  Congress  (March  4,  1829-March  3, 
1831);  again  elected  to  the  Twenty-third  and 
Twenty-fourth  Congresses  ("March  4,  1833-March  3, 
1837);  member  of  the  state  senate  1840-1844;  judge 
of  the  court  of  errors  in  1843;  first  judge  of  the 
Dutchess  county  court,  1846;  died  in  Dutchess 
county,  N.  Y.,  June  1,  1865. 

Bocock,  Thomas  Stanley,  a  Representative 
from  Virginia;  born  in  Buckingham  (now  Appo- 
mattox)  county,  Va.,  May  18,  1815;  was  graduated 
from  Hampden-Sidney  college  in  1838;  studied  law ; 
attorney  for  Appomattox  county  in  1845-1846; 
member  of  the  Virginia  house  of  delegates  for  sev- 
eral years;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Thirtieth,1 
Thirty-first,  Thirty-second,  Thirty-third,  Thirty- 
fourth,  Thirty-fifth,  and  Thirty-sixth  Congresses 
(March  4,  1847-March  3,  1861);  in  1861  elected  a 
representative  to  the  Confederate  congress  and  on 
February  18, 1862,  was  chosen  speaker  of  the  house; 
member  of  state  legislature  1869-1870;  delegate  in 
Democratic  national  conventions  in  1868, 1876,  and 
1880;  died  in  Appomattox  county,  Va.,  August  5, 
1891. 

Boden,  Andrew,  a  Representative  from  Penn- 
sylvania; born  in  Carlisle,  Pa.;  attended  the  public 
schools;  elected  to  the  Fifteenth  and  Sixteenth 
Congresses  (March  4,  1817-March  3.  1821). 

Bodine,  Robert  Nail,  a  Representative  from 
Missouri;  born  in  Monroe  county,  Mo.,  Decem- 
ber 17,  1837;  was  graduated  from  the  Missouri 
university;  principal  of  the  Paris  public  school  for 
a  number  of  years;  practiced  law;  held  the  office 
of  prosecuting  attorney;  twice  elected  a  member  of 
the  Missouri  legislature;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to 
the  Fifty-fifth  Congress  (March  4,  1897-March  3, 
1899);  resumed  the  practive  of  law  in  Paris,  Mo. 

Bo  die,  Charles,  a  Representative  from  New 
York;  native  of  Sullivan  county,  N.  Y.;  held 
several  political  offices  in  Bloomingburg;  elected 
to  the  Twenty-third  Congress  (March  4, 1833-March 
3,  1835);  died  in  New  York  City  in  1836. 

Boehne,  John  William,  a  Representative  from 
Indiana;  born  in  Vanderburg  county,  Ind.,  Octo- 
ber 28,  1856;  attended  district  schools,  and  the 
German  parochial  school  of  the  Lutheran  church, 
and  a  business  college;  moved  toEvansville,  Ind., 
in  1872;  became  an  accountant;  engaged  in  the 
manufacture  of  stoves  and  ranges,  and  interested 
in  other  manufacturing  enterprises;  elected  coun- 
cilman at  large  in  1897,  and  reelected  in  1899;  un- 
successful Democratic  candidate  for  mayor  of 
Evansville  in  1901;  mayor  1905-1908;  delegate  in 
the  Democratic  national  convention  held  in  Denver 
in  1908;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Sixty-first 
Congress  (March  4, 1909-March  3,  1911).  Reelected 
to  the  Sixty-second  Congress. 


BIOGRAPHIES. 


485 


Been,  HaldD'r'Ev,  a  Representative  from  Minne- 
sota; born  in  Sondre  Aurdal,  Valders,  Norway,  Jan- 
uary 2,  1851;  attended  the  common  schools;  emi- 
grated to  Minnesota  in  1868;  located  in  Ottertail 
county,  January  1, 1871,  and  worked  in  the  auditor's 
office  one  year,  computing  the  first  taxes  levied  in 
that  county;  held  various  town  offices  and  was 
county  commissioner  one  year;  elected  register  of 
deeds  in  1888,  and  reelected  in  1890;  elected  ass  the 
candidate  of  the  People's  Party  to  the  Fifty -third 
Congress  (March  4,  1893-March  3,  1895);  resumed 
farming  in  Ottertail  county,  Minn.,  died  in  Otter- 
tail  county,  Minn.,  July  23,  1912. 

Boerum,  Simon,  a  Delegate  from  New  York; 
born  in  Brooklyn,  N.  Y.;  county  clerk  of  Kings 
county  1750-1775;  member  of  the  colonial  assem- 
bly 1761-1775;  deputy  to  the  provincial  conven- 
tion April,  1775;  eat  in  the  Continental  Congress 
1775-1777. 

Bogy,  Lewis  Vital,  a  Senator  from  Missouri; 
born  in  St.  Genevieve,  Mo.,  April  9, 1813;  attended 
the  public  schools;  clerk  in  a  store;  studied  law  in 
Illinois,  and  was  graduated  from  the  law  school 
at  Lexington,  Ky.,  in  1835;  began  practice  in  St. 
Louis;  elected  several  times  to  the  state  legislature 
of  Missouri;  Commissioner  of  Indian  Affairs  1867- 
1868;  one  of  the  projectors  of  the  St.  Louis  &  Iron 
Mountain  railway;  acting  president  of  the  company 
for  two  years;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  United 
States  Senate  to  succeed  Francis  P.  Blair,  Demo- 
crat, and  served  from  March  4,  1873,  until  his 
death  in  St.  Louis,  Mo.,  September  20,  1877. 

Bokee,  David  A.,  a  Representative  from  New 
York;  born  in  New  York  City,  October  6,  1805; 
attended  the  public  schools;  elected  as  a  Whig  to 
the  Thirty-first  Congress  (March  4,  1849-March  3, 
1851);  appointed  by  President  Fillmore  naval  offi- 
cer of  the  port  of  New  York;  died  in  Washington, 
D.  C.,  March  16,  1860. 

Boles,  Thomas,  a  Representative  from  Arkan- 
sas; born  in  Johnson  county,  Ark.,  July  16,  1837; 
attended  the  common  schools;  deputy  clerk  of  the 
circuit  court  of  Yell  county  in  1859  and  1860,  dur- 
ing which  time  he  studied  law;  in  September,  1860, 
admitted  to  the  bar;  served  in  the  Union  Army  as 
captain;  in  1865  elected  circuit  judge  of  the  fourth 
judicial  circuit;  resigned  April  20,  1868;  elected  to 
the  Fortieth,  Forty-first,  and  Forty-second  Con- 
gresses. John  Edwards  received  the  certificate  of 
election  to  the  Forty-second  Congress  and  took  the 
seat,  but  the  House  declared  Mr.  Boles  entitled  to 
it,  and  he  was  sworn  in  February  9,  1872;  served 
until  March  3,  1873;  clerk  of  the  United  States 
court;  died  in  Fort  Smith,  Ark.,  March  13,  1905. 

Bond,  Shadrack,  a  Delegate  from  Illinois  Terri- 
tory; born  in  Frederickstown,  Md.,  November  24, 
1778;  moved  to  Kaskaskia  (now  in  the  state  of  Illi- 
nois, then  in  Indiana  Territory);  member  of  the 
legislature  of  the  Territory  of  Illinois;  elected  Dele- 
gate to  the  Twelfth  and  Thirteenth  Congresses,  and 
served  from  December  3,  1812,  to  September  29, 
1 814,  when  he  resigned ;  appointed  receiver  of  pub- 
lic money  at  Kaskaskia  in  1814;  the  first  governor 
of  Illinois  after  its  admission  as  a  state  1818-1822; 
died  in  Kaskaskia,  111.,  April  12,  1832;  final  inter- 
ment in  Chester,  111. 

Bond,  William  Key,  a  Representative  from 
Ohio;  bom  in  St.  Marys  county,  Md.;  studied  law 
and  afterwards  practiced  in  Chillicothe,  Ohio; 
elected  as  a  Whig  to  the  Twenty -fourth,  Twenty- 


fifth  and  Twenty-sixth  Congresses  (March  4,  1835- 
March  3,  1841);  appointed  collector  of  customs  at 
Cincinnati;  died  in  Cincinnati,  Ohio,  February  17, 
1874. 

Bonham,  Milledge  Luke,  a  Representative 
from  South  Carolina;  born  in  Edgefield  district, 
S.  C.,  December  25,  1813;  was  graduated  from  the 
University  of  South  Carolina  in  1834;  studied  law, 
and  commenced  practice  in  Edgefield  in  1837; 
served  as  major  and  adjutant  general  of  the  South 
Carolina  brigade  in  the  Seminole  War  in  Florida 
in  1836;  during  the  Mexican  War  was  lieutenant 
colonel  and  colonel  of  the  Twelfth  United  States 
infantry;  major  general  of  the  South  Carolina 
militia;  elected  to  the  Thirty-fifth  Congress  as  a 
States  Rights  Democrat,  and  reelected  to  the 
Thirty-sixth  Congress;  served  from  March  4,  1857, 
until  he  withdrew  with  other  members  of  the  South 
Carolina  delegation  December  21,  1860;  commis- 
sioned brigadier  general  in  the  Confederate  army 
April  19,  1861;  was  member  of  the  state  house  of 
representatives  several  terms,  and  for  nine  years  cir- 
cuit solicitor;  commanded  in  the  center  of  General 
Beauregard's  army  in  the  first  battle  of  Manassas; 
resigned  his  commission  to  enter  the  Confedeate 
congress  January  27,  1862;  in  December  following 
was  elected  governor  of  South  Carolina,  and  in 
January,  1865,  was  again  commissioned  brigadier 
general  in  the  army;  delegate  to  the  Democratic 
national  convention  at  New  York  in  1868 ;  appointed1 
state  railroad  commissioner  in  1878,  and  served 
until  his  death  in  White  Sulphur  Springs,  N.  C., 
August  27,  1890. 

Bonynge,  Robert  William,  a  Representative 
from  Colorado;  born  in  New  York  City,  September 
8,  1863;  attended  the  public  schools,  and  was 
graduated  from  the  College  of  the  City  of  New 
York  in  1882;  studied  law  and  was  graduated  from 
Columbia  college  law  school  in  1885;  was  admitted 
to  the  bar  the  same  year  and  commenced  practice 
in  Denver,  Colo.,  in  1888;  served  in  the  legislature 
in  1893-1894;  unsuccessful  candidate  on  the  Repub- 
lican ticket  in  1900  for  Representative  in  Congress; 
renominated  for  Congress  in  Fifty-eighth  Congress 
by  the  Republicans;  contested  the  election  of  John 
F.  Shafroth,  who  conceded  his  election  and  with- 
drew, whereupon  the  committee  reported  resolu- 
tions declaring  Mr.  Bonynge  duly  elected,  and  he 
was  sworn  in  February  16,  1904;  reelected  to  the 
Fifty-ninth  and  Sixtieth  Congresses,  and  served 
until  March  3,  1909;  member  of  National  Mone- 
tary Commission  1908-1912;  engaged  in  the  prac- 
tice of  law  in  Denver,  Colo. 

Boody,  David  A.,  a  Representative  from  New 
York;  elected  to  the  Fifty-second  Congress,  and 
served  from  March  4,  1891,  until  October  31,  1891, 
when  he  resigned. 

Booher,  Charles  Ferris,  a  Representative  from 
Missouri;  born  in  East  Groveland,  Livingston 
county,  N.  Y.,  January  31, 1848;  attended  the  com- 
mon schools;  taught  school  and  studied  law;  went 
to  Savannah  in  1870;  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1871,  and 
engaged  in  practice;  held  the  office  of  prosecuting 
attorney  six  years;  presidential  elector  on  the 
Democratic  ticket  in  1880;  mayor  of  Savannah,  Mo., 
six  years;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Fiftieth 
Congress  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  the  death  of 
James  N.  Burns  and  served  from  February  25, 
1889,  to  March  3,  1889;  reelected  to  the  Sixtieth 
and  Sixty-first  Congresses  (March  4,  1907-March 
3,  1911).  ReeUcted  to  the  Sixty-second  Congress. 


486 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 


Booker,  George  William,  a  Representative 
from  Virginia;  born  in  Patrick  county,  Va.,  Decem- 
ber 5,  1821;  attended  the  public  schools;  taught 
school;  studied  law  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar; 
elected  a  justice  of  the  peace  in  Henry  county; 
presiding  justice  for  ten  years;  elected  to  the  state 
legislature  of  Virginia  in  1865;  nominated  by  the 
Republican  Party  in  1868  and  elected  attorney 
general  but  resigned  in  1869;  elected  as  a  Conserva- 
tive to  the  Forty-first  Congress  and  served  from 
February  1,  1870,  to  March  3,  1871;  reelected  to 
forty-second  state  legislature  1873;  retired  to  pri- 
vate life  and  resumed  profession;  died  in  Martins- 
ville,  Va.,  June  4,  1883. 

Boon,  Ratliff,  a  Representative  from  Indiana; 
born  in  Franklin  county,  N.  C.,  January  18,  1781; 
moved  with  his  father  to  Warren  County,  Ky. ; 
emigrated  to  Danville,  Ky.,  and  learned  the  gun- 
smith's trade;  attended  the  public  schools;  moved 
to  Indiana  in  1809;  on  the  organization  of  Warren 
county  was  appointed  its  first  treasurer;  member 
of  the  state  house  of  representatives  in  1816-1817; 
elected  to  the  state  senate  in  1818;  elected  lieu- 
tenant governor  of  Indiana  in  1819;  upon  the  resig- 
nation of  Jonathan  Jennings  as  governor,  filled 
out  the  unexpired  term  until  December  5,  1822; 
reelected  lieutenant  governor  and  resigned  to 
become  candidate  for  Congress;  elected  to  the 
Nineteenth  Congress  (March  4, 1825-March  3, 1827) 
as  a  Jackson  Democrat;  elected  to  the  Twenty- 
first,  Twenty -second,  Twenty- third,  Twenty- 
fourth,  and  Twenty-fifth  Congresses  (March  4, 
1829-March  3,  1839);  unsuccessful  candidate  for 
the  United  States  Senate  in  1836;  moved  to  Pike 
county,  Mo.;  died  in  Louisiana,  Mo.,  November 
20,  1844. 

Boone,  Andrew  R.,  a  Representative  from 
Kentucky;  born  in  Davidson  county,  Tenn.,  April 
4, 1831 ;  his  parents  moved  in  1833  to  Graves  county, 
Ky;  attended  the  public  schools;  studied  law,  and 
admitted  to  the  bar  October,  1841;  elected  judge  of 
the  Graves  county  court  in  1855,  reelected  in  1858; 
resigned  in  1861  and  was  elected  to  the  Kentucky 
legislature;  elected  circuit  judge  for  the  first 
judicial  district  of  Kentucky  in  1868  for  six  years; 
elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Forty-fourth  and  Forty- 
fifth  Congresses  (March  4,  1875-March  3,  1879). 

Booth,  Newton,  a  Senator  from  California; 
born  in  Salem,  Ind.,  December  25,  1825;  was  grad- 
uated from  the  Asbury  university  in  1846;  studied 
law  in  Terre  Haute;  admitted  to  the.  bar  in  1850, 
and  removed  to  California,  where  he  temporarily 
engaged  in  business  in  Sacramento;  returned  to 
Terre  Haute  in  1857;  practiced  law  until  1860, 
when  he  again  went  to  California;  elected  to  the 
state  senate  in  1863;  elected  governor  in  1871,  and 
served  until  March,  1874,  when  he  resigned,  hav- 
ing been  elected  to  the  United  States  Senate  as  an 
Anti-Monopolist,  to  succeed  Eugene  Casserly; 
served  from  March  4,  1875,  to  March  3,  1881;  died 
in  Sacramento,  Cal.,  July  14,  1892. 

Booth,  Walter,  a  Representative  from  Con- 
necticut; born  in  Woodbridge,  Conn.,  December  8, 
1791;  attended  the  public  schools;  located  in 
Meriden  and  engaged  in  manufacturing;  member 
of  the  state  assembly  and  of  the  state  senate  for 
several  years;  associate  judge  of  the  county  court 
1834;  major  general  of  militia;  elected  as  a  Free 
Soiler  to  the  Thirty-first  Congress  (March  4,  1849- 
March  3,  1851);  died  in  Meridian,  Conn.,  April  30, 
1870. 


Boothman,  Melvin  Morella,  a  Representative 
from  Ohio;  born  in  Williams  county,  Ohio,  October 
16,  1846;  January  4,  1864,  enlisted  in  Company  H, 
Thirty-eighth  Ohio  volunteer  infantry,  "for  three 
years  or  during  the  war;"  served  through  the 
Atlanta  campaign;  was  graduated  in  1871  from  the 
law  department  of  Michigan  university;  elected 
treasurer  of  Williams  county  in  October,  1871;  re- 
elected  in  1873;  engaged  in  the  practice  of  law; 
elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Fiftieth  and  Fifty- 
first  Congresses  (March  4,  1887-March  3,  1891); 
died  in  Bryan,  Ohio,  March  5,  1904. 

Booze, William  Samuel,  a  Representative  from 
Maryland;  born  in  Baltimore,  Md.,  January  9,  1862; 
attended  the  public  schools,  and  was  graduated 
from  the  Baltimore  city  college  in  1879;  studied 
medicine  and  was  graduated  from  the  College  of 
Physicians  and  Surgeons  in  1882  and  was  admitted 
to  practice;  unsuccessfully  contested  the  election 
of  Harry  Welles  Bush  to  the  Fifty-fourth  Congress; 
elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Fifty-fifth  Congress 
(March  4,  1897-March  3,  1899);  engaged  in  the 
banking  and  brokerage  business  in  Baltimore,  Md. ; 
delegate  to  the  Republican  national  conventions  in 
1904  and  1908;  resides  in  Baltimore,  Md. 

Borah,  William  Edgar,  a  Senator  from  Idaho; 
born  in  Wayne  county,  111.,  June  29,  1865;  at- 
tended the  common  schools  of  Wayne  county,  the 
Southern  Illinois  academy,  Enfield,  111.;  studied 
law,  and  was  graduated  from  the  University  of 
Kansas,  Lawrence,  Kans.;  was  admitted  to  prac- 
tice in  September,  1890,  in  Lyons,  Kans.;  moved 
to  Boise,  Idaho,  and  devoted  his  time  exclusively 
to  the  practice  of  law;  elected  as  a  Republican  to 
the  United  States  Senate,  January  15, 1907,  for  the 
term  commencing  March  4,  1907. 

Borden,  Nathaniel  Briggs,  a  Representative 
from  Massachusetts;  born  in  Fall  River,  Mass., 
April  13,  1801;  attended  district  school,  the  Plain- 
field  (Conn.)  academy;  organized  the  Pocasset 
manufacturing  company  in  Fall  River,  Mass.; 
member  of  the  state  house  of  representatives 
in  1831  and  1834;  elected  as  a  Van  Buren  Democrat 
to  the  Twenty-fourth  and  Twenty -fifth  Congresses 
(March  4, 1835-March  3, 1839) ;  elected  as  a  Whig  to 
the  Twenty-seventh  Congress  (March  4, 1841-March 
3,  1843);  state  senator,  1845-1848;  member  of  the 
state  house  of  representatives  in  1851;  mayor  of 
Fall  River  1856-1857;  died  in  Fall  River,  Mass., 
April  10,  1866. 

Boreing,  Vincent  S.,  a  Representative  from 
Kentucky;  born  in  Washington  county,  Tenn., 
November  24, 1839;  moved  with  his  father  to  Laurel 
county,  Ky.,  in  1847;  attended  Laurel  seminary, 
London,  Ky.,  and  Tusculum  college,  Greenville, 
Tenn.;  volunteered  in  the  Union  Army,  in  com- 
pany A,  Twenty-fourth  Kentucky  volunteer  in- 
fantry, November  1,  1861,  as  a  private;  for  merito- 
rious conduct  was  commissioned  first  lieutenant; 
elected  county  superintendent  of  public  schools  in 
1868  and  1870;  established  the  Mountain  Echo,  at 
London,  Ky.,  in  1875,  the  first  Republican  news- 
paper published  in  southeastern  Kentucky; 
elected  county  judge  in  1886;  president  of  the 
Cumberland  Valley  land  company  1887;  presi- 
dent First  National  Bank  of  London  in  1888;  com- 
mander, department  of  Kentucky,  Grand  Army  of 
the  Republic,  in  1889;  elected  as  a  Republican  to 
the  Fifty-sixth,  Fifty-seventh,  and  Fifty-eighth 
Congresses;  served  from  March  4,  1899,  until  his 
death  in  London,  Ky.,  September  16,  1903. 


BIOGEAPHIES. 


487 


Boreman,  Arthur  Inghram,  a  Senator  from 
West  Virginia;  born  in  Waynesburg,  Pa.,  July  24, 
1823 ;  moved  to  western  Virginia  and  attended  the 
public  schools  and  studied  law;  admitted  to  the 
bar  in  1845  and  practiced  in  Parkersburg;  member 
of  the  house  of  delegates  of  Virginia  1855-yl860;  also 
member  of  the  extra  session  of  the  legislature  in 
1861,  taking  an  active  part  against  the  secession 
movement;  president  of  the  Wheeling  convention 
of  1861  to  reorganize  the  government  of  Virginia; 
elected  judge  of  the  circuit  court  in  October,  1861, 
and  held  the  office  until  1863,  when  he  was  elected 
governor  of  West  Virginia;  twice  reelected ;  elected 
to  the  United  States  Senate  as  a  Republican,  and 
served  from  March  4,  1869,  to  March  3,  1875;  died 
in  Parkersburg,  W.  Va.,  April  19,  1896. 

Borland,  Charles,  jr.,  a  Representative  from 
New  York;  born  in  Minisink,  Orange  county,  N.  Y., 
June  29, 1786;  pursued  preparatory  studies;  studied 
law  and  admitted  to  practice;  surrogate  of  Orange 
county  for  some  years;  member  of  the  general 
assembly  in  1820-21;  elected  to  the  Seventeenth 
Congress,  to  fill  the  vacancy  caused  by  the  death 
of  Selah  Tuthill;  took  his  seat  December  3,  1821, 
and  served  until  March  3,  1823;  again  a  member  of 
the  general  assembly  of  the  state  of  New  York  in 
1836;  died  in  Wardsbridge,  N.  Y.,  February  23, 
1852;  interment  in  Riverside  cemetery,  Montgom- 
ery, N.  Y. 

Borland,  Solon,  a  Senator  from  Arkansas;  born 
near  Suffolk,  Nansemond  county,  Va.,  September 
21,  1808;  attended  preparatory  schools  in  North 
Carolina;  studied  medicine  and  afterwards  prac- 
ticed; located  in  Little  Rock,  Ark.,  served  through- 
out the  Mexican  War  as  major  of  Yell's  Arkansas 
volunteer  cavalry  and  as  volunteer  aid  to  Maj. 
Gen.  Worth;  appointed  and  subsequently  elected 
as  a  Democrat  to  the  United  States  Senate  to  fill 
vacancy  caused  by  the  resignation  of  Ambrose  H. 
Sevier,  and  served  from  March  30, 1848,  to  April  3, 
1853,  when  he  resigned;  United  States  minister  to 
Nicaragua  and  the  other  Central  American  repub- 
lics, from  April  18,  1853,  to  June  30,  1854;  resumed 
the  practice  of  medicine  in  Little  Rock,  Ark.; 
raised  a  brigade  of  Confederate  troops  and  took 
possession  of  Fort  Smith  April  24,  1861;  raised  the 
third  Arkansas  confederate  cavalry  and  was  its 
colonel;  appointed  a  brigadier  general  in  the  Con- 
federate service;  died  near  Houston,  Texas  Jan- 
uary 1,  1864. 

Borland,  William  Patterson,  a  Representa- 
tive from  Missouri;  born  in  Leavenworth,  Kans., 
October  14,  1867;  attended  the  ward  and  high 
schools  of  Kansas  City;  read  law  and  was  graduated 
from  the  law  department  of  the  University  of 
Michigan  at  Ann  Arbor  in  1892;  began  practice  in 
Kansas  City;  in  1895  helped  to  organize  the  Kansas 
City  school  of  law,  and  was  elected  its  dean; 
elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Sixty-first  Congress 
(March  4,  1909-March  3,  1911).  Reelected  to  the 
Sixty-second  Congress. 

Borst,  Peter  I.,  a  Representative  from  New 
York;  born  in  Middleburg,  N.  Y.,  April  24,  1797; 
attended  the  common  schools;  elected  as  a  Jackson 
Democrat  to  the  Twenty-first  Congress  (March  4, 
1829-March  3,  1831);  died  in  Middleburg,  N.  Y., 
November  14,  1848. 

Boss,  John  Linscom,  jr.,  a  Representative  from 
Rhode  Island;  born  in  Charleston,  S.  C.,  September 
7, 1780;  completed  preparatory  studies;  studied  law, 
was  admitted  to  the  bar  and  practiced  in  Newport, 
R.  I.,  many  years;  held  many  important  local 


offices  and  was  for  several  terms  a  member  of  the 
state  general  assembly;  was  elected  to  the  Four- 
teenth and  Fifteenth  Congresses  (March  4,  1815- 
March  3,  1819);  died  in  Newport,  R.  I.,  August  1, 
1819. 

Bossier,  Pierre  Evariste,  a  Representative 
from  Louisiana;  native  of  Louisiana;  served  ten 
years  in  the  state  senate;  elected  to  the  Twenty- 
eighth  Congress  as  a  Calhoun  Democrat,  and  served 
from  March  4,  1843,  until  his  death  in  Washington, 
D.  C.,  April  24,  1844. 

Boteler,  Alexander  Robinson,  a  Representa- 
tive from  Virginia;  born  in  Shepherdstown,  Jeffer- 
son county,  Va.,  May  16,  1815;  was  graduated  from 
Princeton  college  in  1835;  member  of  the  state 
assembly;  in  1852  a  Whig  presidential  elector; 
and  in  *1856  an  American  presidential  elector; 
elected  as  a  National  American  to  the  Thirty-sixth 
Congress  (March  4,  1859-March  3,  1861);  after  leav- 
ing Congress  he  entered  the  Confederate  army  and 
was  a  member  of  Stonewall  Jackson's  staff;  chosen 
by  the  state  convention  a  Representative  from 
Virginia  to  the  Confederate  provisional  congress, 
November  19,  1861;  elected  from  Virginia  to  the 
First  Confederate  Congress;  appointed  a  member 
of  the  Centennial  commission;  was  appointed  a 
member  of  the  Tariff  commission  by  President 
Arthur,  and*  subsequently  made  pardon  clerk  in 
the  Department  of  Justice  by  Attorney  General 
Brewster;  died  in  Shepherdstowh,  W.  Va.,  May  8, 
1892. 

Botkin,  Jeremiah  Dunham,  a  Representative 
from  Kansas;  born  in  Logan  county,  111.,  April  24, 
1849;  attended  the  country  schools;  spent  one  year 
in  De  Pauw  university,  at  Greencastle,  Ind.;  pur- 
sued sacred  studies  and  entered  the  Methodist 
ministry;  elected  as  a  Fusionist  to  the  Fifty-fifth 
Congress  (March  4,  1897-March  3,  1899);  resumed 
ministerial  labors  in  Winfield,  Kans. 

Botts,  John  Minor,  a  Representative  from  Vir- 
ginia; born  in  Dumfries,  Va.,  September  16,  1802; 
studied  law  and  practiced  for  six  years;  member 
of  the  state  house  of  representatives,  1833-1839; 
elected  as  a  Henry  Clay  Whig  to  the  Twenty-sixth 
and  Twenty-seventh  Congresses  (March  4,  1839- 
March  3,  1843);  was  also  elected  to  the  Thirtieth 
Congress  (March  4,  1847-March  3,  1849);  a  delegate 
to  the  Southern  Loyalists'  convention  in  1866;  died 
in  Richmond,  Va.,  January  8,  1869. 

Bouck,  Gabriel,  a  Representative  from  Wiscon- 
sin; born  in  Fulton,  Schoharie  county,  N.  Y., 
December  16,  1828;  was  graduated  from  Union 
college  in  1847;  studied  law;  settled  in  Wisconsin 
in  1848;  attorney  general  of  the  state  in  1858  and 
1859;  member  of  the  state  assembly  in  1860  and 
1874,  served  the  last  year  as  speaker;  delegate  to 
the  Democratic  national  conventions  of  1868  and 
1872;  entered  the  Union  Army  as  captain  in  1861, 
and  was  promoted  to  colonel  in  1862;  elected  as  a 
Democrat  to  the  Forty-fifth  and  Forty-sixth  Con- 
gresses (March  4, 1877-March  3,  1881);  resumed  law 
practice  in  Oshkosh,  Wis.;  died  in  Oshkosh,  Wis., 
February  21,  1904. 

Bouck,  Joseph,  a  Representative  from  New 
York;  born  in  New  York;  attended  the  public 
schools;  elected  to  the  Twenty-second  Congress 
(March  4,  1831-March  3,  1833). 

Boude,  Thomas,  a  Representative  from  Penn- 
sylvania; elected  to  the  Seventh  Congress  (March  4, 
1801 -March  3,  1803). 


488 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 


Boudinot,  Elias,  a  Delegate  and  a  Representa- 
tive from  New  Jersey;  born  in  Philadelphia,  May 
2,  1740;  studied  law  and  admitted  to  the  bar  No- 
vember 9,  1760;  member  of  the  committee  of  safety 
1775;  commissary  general  of  prisoners  in  the  Revo- 
lutionary Army,  1776-1779;  sat  in  the  Continental 
Congress  1777-1778,  and  1781-1784;  in  1782  was 
president  of  the  Congress,  and  signed  the  treaty  of 
peace  with  England;  resumed  the  practice  of  law; 
elected  to  the  First,  Second,  and  Third  Congresses 
(March  4,  1789-March  3,  1795);  Director  of  the 
Mint  from  October,  1795,  to  July,  1805;  died  in 
Burlington,  N.  J.,  October  24,  1821. 

Bouldin,  James  Wood,  a  Representative  from 
Virginia;  born  in  Charlotte  county,  Va.,  in  1792; 
studied  law,  admitted  to  the  bar  and  practiced; 
elected  as  a  Jackson  Democrat  to  the  Twenty- 
third  Congress,  to  fill  the  vacancy  caused  by  the 
death  of  Thomas  T.  Bouldin;  reelected  to  the 
Twenty-fourth  and  Twenty-fifth  Congresses,  and 
served  from  March  28,  1834,  to  March  3,  1839; 
died  in  Forest  Hill,  Charlotte  county,  Va.,  March 
30,  1854. 

Bouldin,  Thomas  Tyler,  a  Representative  from 
Virginia;  born  in  Virginia  in  1772;  studied  law  and 
practiced;  appointed  judge  of  the  general  court; 
elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Twenty-first,  Twenty- 
second,  and  Twenty-third  Congresses,  and  served 
from  March  4,  1829,  until  February  11,  1834,  when 
he  died  while  addressing  the  House  of  Repre- 
sentatives. 

Bouligny,  Dominique,  a  Senator  from  Louisi- 
ana; born  in  Louisiana  in  1773;  attended  the  pub- 
lic schools;  studied  law  and  practiced  in  New 
Orleans;  was  in  command  of  a  regiment  in  1795; 
elected  to  the  United  States  Senate  to  fill  vacancy 
caused  by  the  resignation  of  Henry  Johnson,  and 
served  from  November  19,  1824,  to  March  3,  1829; 
died  in  New  Orleans,  La.,  March  5,  1833. 

Bouligny,  John  Edward,  a  Representative 
from  Louisiana;  born  in  New  Orleans  February  17, 
1824;  attended  the  public  schools;  studied  law 
and  practiced  in  New  Orleans;  held  several  local 
offices;  elected  as  a  National  American  to  the 
Thirty-sixth  Congress,  and  served  from  March  4, 
1859,  to  March  3,  1861;  was  the  only  Louisiana 
member  to  retain  his  seat  after  the  state  seceded 
January  26,  1861;  remained  in  the  north  during 
the  Civil  war  and  until  his  death  in  Washington, 
D.  C.,  February  20,  1864. 

Bound,  Franklin,  a  Representative  from  Penn- 
sylvania; born  in  Milton,  Northumberland  county, 
Pa.,  in  1829;  attended  the  common  schools,  the 
old  Milton  academy,  and  the  law  school  at  Easton, 
Pa. ;  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1853  and  practiced  in 
his  native  town;  elected  to  the  senate  of  Pennsyl- 
vania in  1860  as  a  Republican;  served  three  years; 
a  delegate  to  the  national  convention  at  Chicago 
that  nominated  Grant  and  Coif  ax;  served  as  a 
private  in  one  of  the  emergency  regiments  called 
for  the  defense  of  the  state ;  was  mustered  into  the 
United  States  service  and  discharged  with  his  regi- 
ment; elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Forty-ninth 
and  Fiftieth  Congresses  (March  4,  1885-March  3, 
1889);  resumed  the  practice  of  law. 

Bourn,  Benjamin,  a  Representative  from  Rhode 
Island;  born  in  Bristol,  R.  I.,  September  9,  1755; 
was  graduated  from  Harvard  college  in  1775; 
studied  law  and  practiced  in  Providence,  where  he 
held  several  public  offices ;  member  of  the  General 
Assembly  of  Rhode  Island;  in  1776  was  quarter- 


master of  the  second  Rhode  Island  regiment; 
one  of  a  committee  sent  with  a  petition  from  Rhode 
Island  to  the  Continental  Congress  in  1789;  elected 
to  the  First,  Second,  Third,  and  Fourth  Congresses, 
and  served  from  December  17,  1790,  to  1796j  when 
he  resigned;  appointed  judge  of  the  United  States 
district  court  for  the  district  of  Rhode  Island  in 
1801;  judge  of  the  court  of  common  pleas  for 
Bristol  county  until  his.  death  in  Bristol,  R.  I., 
September  17,  1808. 

Bourne,  Jonathan,  jr.,  a  Senator  from  Oregon; 
born  in  New  Bedford,  Mass.,  February  23,  1855; 
attended  the  private  schools  of  that  city,  and 
Harvard  college  in  1873  and  remained  until  the 
end  of  his  junior  year;  settled  in  Portland,  Oreg., 
May  16,  1878,  where  he  read  law  and  was  admitted 
to  the  Oregon  bar  in  1881;  became  largely  inter- 
ested in  mining;  practiced  law  for  about  a  year, 
thereafter  devoted  his  attention  to  mining  and 
other  business  interests;  president  of  a  number  of 
Oregon  corporations  and  of  the  Bourne  cotton  mills 
in  Fall  River,  Mass.;  Republican  member  of  the 
Oregon  legislature  during  the  sessions  of  1885, 1886, 
and  1897;  delegate  to  the  Republican  national 
convention  in  1888  and  1892,  and  Oregon's  mem- 
ber of  the  Republican  national  committee  from 
1888  to  1892;  elected  to  the  United  States  Senate 
for  the  term  beginning  March  4,  1907;  defeated  in 
a  state  preferential  primary  as  a  candidate  for  the 
United  States  Senate  in  1912. 

Bourne,  Shearjashub,  a  Representative  from 
Massachusetts;  born  in  Barnstable,  Mass.,  June  14, 
1746;  was  graduated  from  Harvard  college  in  1764; 
studied  law  and  practiced  in  Boston;  chief  justice 
of  the  court  of  common  pleas  for  Suffolk  county, 
Mass.;  member  of  state  house  of  representatives 
1782-1785  and  1788-1790;  member  of  the  conven- 
tion of  1788;  elected  to  the  Second  and  Third 
Congresses  (March  4,  1791-March  3,  1795);  died  in 
Boston,  Mass.,  March  11,  1806. 

Bout  ell,  Henry  Sherman,  a  Representative 
from  Illinois;  born  in  Boston,  Mass.,  March  14, 
1856;  removed  to  Chicago  in  1863;  was  graduated 
from  Northwestern  university,  Evanston,  111.,  in 
1874  and  from  Harvard  university  in  1876;  a  trus- 
tee of  the  Northwestern  university;  admitted  to  the 
bar  of  Illinois  in  1879;  elected  a  member  of  the  Illi- 
nois general  assembly  in  1884,  and  was  one  of  the 
"103"  who  elected  Gen.  Logan  to  the  United 
States  Senate;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Fifty- 
fifth  Congress,  to  fill  the  unexpired  term  of  Edward 
Dean  Cooke,  deceased,  and  to  the  Fifty -sixth,  Fifty- 
seventh,  Fifty-eighth,  Fifty-ninth,  Sixtieth,  and 
Sixty -first  Congresses  and  served  from  November 
23,  1897,  to  March  3,  1911;  envoy  extraordinary 
and  minister  plenipotentiary  to  Switzerland. 

Boutelle,  Charles  Addison,  a  Representative 
from  Maine;  born  in  Damariscotta,  Lincoln  county, 
Me.,  February  9,  1839;  attended  the  public  schools 
'at  Brunswick  and  the  Yarmouth  academy ;  adopted 
the  profession  of  shipmaster;  in  the  spring  of  1862 
volunteered  and  was  appointed  acting  master  in  the 
United  States  Navy ;  served  in  the  North  and  South 
Atlantic  and  West  Gulf  squadrons ;  took  part  in  the 
blockade  of  Charleston  and  Wilmington,  the  Poco- 
taligo  expedition,  the  capture  of  St.  Johns  Bluff, 
and  occupation  of  Jacksonville,  Fla.;  while  an 
officer  of  United  States  steamer  Sassacus  was  pro- 
moted to  lieutenant  "for  gallant  conduct  in  the 
engagement  with  the  rebel  ironclad  Albemarle," 
May  5,  1864;  afterwards  in  command  of  United 
States  steamer  Nyanza;  participated  in  the  capture 


BIOGRAPHIES. 


489 


of  Mobile  and  in  receiving  surrender  of  the  Confed- 
erate fleet;  afterwards  assigned  to  command  of 
naval  forces  in  Mississippi  Sound;  honorably  dis- 
charged January  14,  1866;  engaged  in  business  in 
New  York;  became  managing  editor  of  the  Bangor 
(Me.)  Whig  and  Courier  in  1870,  and  purchased 
controlling  ownership  in  1874;  a  delegate  to  Repub- 
lican national  convention  in  1876;  elected  as  a  Re- 
lican  to  the  Forty-eighth,  and  to  the  nine  succeed- 
ing Congresses;  served  from  March  4,  1883,  until  he 
resigned  March  3,  1901;  died  in  Waverly,  Mass., 
May  21,  1901. 

Boutwell,  George  Sewall,  a  Representative 
and  a  Senator  from  Massachusetts;  born  in  Brook- 
line,  Mass.,  January  28,  1818;  attended  the  public 
schools;  previous  to  1850  was  engaged  in  business 
in  Groton;  postmaster  of  Groton  in  1841;  studied 
law  and  began  practice  in  1853;  member  of  the 
legislature  in  1842-1844  and  1847-1850;  state  bank 
commissioner  in  1849-1851;  governor,  1851-1852; 
member  of  the  constitutional  convention  in  1853 ; 
secretary  of  the  state  board  of  education  from  Octo- 
ber, 1855,  until  January,  1861;  member  of  the  board 
of  overseers  of  Harvard  college  from  1850  until  1860; 
member  of  the  Peace  Conference  of  1861;  member 
of  Military  Commission  under  War  Department  in 
1862;  first  Commissioner  of  Internal  Revenue  in 
1862  and  1863;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the 
Thirty-eighth,  Thirty-ninth,  Fortieth,  and  Forty- 
first  Congresses;  served  from  March  4,  1863,  until 
he  resigned  on  being  appointed  Secretary  of 
the  Treasury  by  President  Grant,  March  12,  1869; 
elected  United  States  Senator,  to  succeed  Henry 
Wilson,  and  served  from  March  12, 1873,  until  March 
3,  1877;  appointed  by  President  Hayes  commis- 
sioner to  codify  and  edit  the  Statutes  at  Large  in 
March,  1877;  in  1880  United  States  counsel  before 
the  French  and  American  Claims  commission;  in 
1884  declined  appointment  as  Secretary  of  Treas- 
ury; practiced  law  in  Washington,  D.  C.;  counsel 
for  Hayti  1885,  for  Hawaii  1886,  for  Chile  1893-1894; 
president  of  the  Anti-Imperialist  League,  1898- 
1905;  died  in  Groton,  Mass.,  February  27,  1905. 

Bovee,  Matthias  J.,  a  Representative  from 
New  York;  born  in  that  state;  attended  the  public 
schools;  elected  to  the  Twenty-fourth  Congress 
(March  4,  1835-March  3,  1837). 

Bowden,  George  Edwin,  a  Representative 
from  Virginia;  born  in  Williamsburg,  Va.,  July  6, 
1852;  attended  a  private  school;  studied  law;  ad- 
mitted to  the  bar,  but  never  practiced;  elected 
bank  president  in  1874;  collector  of  customs  for  port 
of  Norfolk  from  September,  1879,  until  May,  1885; 
elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Fiftieth  and  Fifty- 
first  Congresses  (March  4,  1887-March  3,  1891); 
again  collector  of  customs  for  port  of  Norfolk; clerk 
of  the  United  States  court  for  the  eastern  district  of 
Virginia;  died  in  Norfolk,  Va.,  January  22,  1908. 

Bowden,  Lemuel  Jackson,  a  Senator  from  Vir- 
ginia; born  in  Williamsburg,  Va.,  January  16,  1815; 
was  graduated  from  \Villiam  and  Mary  college; 
studied  law  and  practiced;  member  of  the  state 
legislature  for  three  terms;  member  of  the  Virginia 
constitutional  conventions  of  1849  and  1851;  in 
1861  a  presidential  elector;  elected  to  the  United 
States  Senate  and  served  from  March  3, 1863,  until 
his  death  in  Washington,  D.  C.,  January  2, 1864. 

Bowdon,  Franklin  Welsh,  a  Representative 
from  Alabama;  born  in  the  Chester  district,  S.  C., 
February  17, 1817 ;  was  graduated  at  the  University 
of  Alabama ;  studied  law  and  practiced ;  member  of 
the  state  house  of  representatives  1844-1845 ;  elected 


as  a  Democrat  to  the  Twenty-ninth  Congress,  to 
fill  a  vacancy  caused  by  the  death  of  Felix  G. 
McConnell,  and  to  the  Thirtieth  and  Thirty-first 
Congresses  as  a  Democrat,  served  from  December 

7,  1846,  to  March  3,  1851;  in  1852  moved  to  Texas, 
where  he  continued  the  practice  of  law;  in  1856 
was  a  presidential  elector  on  the  Buchanan  and 
Breckinridge  ticket;  died  in  Henderson,  Tex.  June 

8,  1857. 

Bowen,  Christopher  Columbus,  a  Represen- 
tative form  South  Carolina;  born  in  Rhode  Island, 
January  5, 1832;  in  1850  moved  to  Georgia;  studied 
and  practiced  law;  in  1862  went  to  Charleston; 
in  1867  elected  to  the  constitutional  convention 
of  South  Carolina  held  under  the  reconstruction 
acts  of  the  Thirty-ninth  and  Fortieth  Congresses; 
elected  to  the  Fortieth  and  Forty-first  Congresses 
as  a  Republican;  served  from  July  20,  1868,  to 
March  3,  1871;  elected  sheriff  of  Charleston  in 
November,  1872. 

Bowen,  Henry,  a  Representative  from  Vir- 
ginia; born  in  Maiden  Springs,  Tazewell  county, 
Va.,  December  26,  1841;  attended  private  schools 
and  college;  entered  the  Confederate  army  in  1861 
as  a  captain  of  cavalry  and  served  until  1865;  mem- 
mer  of  state  legislature  1869-1871;  elected  as  a 
Readjuster  and  Independent  Democrat  to  the 
Forty-eighth  and  Fiftieth  Congresses  (March  4, 
1883-March  3,  1885),  and  (March  4,  1887-March  3, 
1889) ;  resumed  farming  and  stock  raising  in  Taze- 
well county,  Va. 

Bowen,  John  Henry,  a  Representative  from 
Tennessee;  born  in  Washington  county,  Va.,  in 
September,  1780;  attended  the  schools  of  Lex- 
ington, Ky . ;  studied  law  and  was  admitted  to  the 
bar,  and  began  practice  in  Gallatin,  Tenn.;  was 
elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Thirteenth  Congress 
(March  4,  1813-March  3,  1815);  resumed  the  prac- 
tice of  law  in  Gallatin,  Tenn.;  died  there  Septem- 
ber 25,  1822. 

Bowen,  Rees  T.,  a  Representative  from  Vir- 

finia;  born  in  Maiden  Springs,  Tazwell  county,  Va., 
anuary  10,  1809;  attended  Abingdon  academy, 
Va.;  member  of  the  state  legislature  of  Virginia 
in  1860  and  1864;  magistrate  for  several  years  and 
presiding  justice  of  the  county;  elected  as  a  Con- 
servative to  the  Forty-third  Congress  (March  4; 
1873-March  3, 1875);  died  in  Tazewell  county,  Va., 
August  29,  1879. 

Bowen,  Thomas  M.,  a  Senator  from  Colorado; 
born  near  the  present  site  of  Burlington,  Iowa; 
October  26,  1835;  attended  the  academy  at  Mount 
Pleasant,  Iowa;  admitted  to  the  bar;  moved  to 
Wayne  county,  Iowa,  where,  in  1856,  he  was  elected 
to  the  house  of  representatives;  then  moved  to 
Kansas  in  1858;  served  in  the  Union  Army  from 
June,  1861,  until  July,  1865,  first  as  a  captain  in 
the  First  regiment  Nebraska  volunteers,  after 
which  he  raised  and  commanded,  as  colonel,  the 
Thirteenth  Kansas  infantry  until  the  close  of  the 
war;  brigadier  general  by  brevet  and  had  command 
of  a  brigade  the  last  two  years  of  the  war;  located 
in  Arkansas  after  the  war;  member  of  the  Repub- 
lican national  convention  in  1864;  member  and 
president  of  the  constitutional  convention  of  Ar- 
kansas, which  convened  under  the  reconstruction 
acts  of  Congress;  justice  of  the  supreme  court  of 
that  state  for  four  years,  when  he  accepted  the 
position  of  governor  of  Idaho  Territory,  tendered 
to  him  by  President  Grant  in  1871;  resigned  and 
returned  to  Arkansas;  removed  to  Colorado  in  Jan- 
uary, 1875;  resumed  the  practice  of  law;  at  the  or- 


490 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 


ganization  of  the  state  government  was  elected 
judge  of  the  fourth  judicial  district,  and  served  in 
that  capacity  for  four  years;  in  1882  elected  a  rep- 
resentative to  the  state  legislature;  resigned,  having 
been  elected  to  the  United  States  Senate  as  a  Re- 
publican, and  served  from  March  4,  1883,  to  March 
3,  1889;  died  in  Pueblo,  Colo.,  December  30, 1906. 

Bower,  Gustavus  M.,  a  Representative  from 
Missouri;  born  in  Virginia  December  12,  1790; 
attended  the  public  schools;  moved  to  Missouri 
and  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Twenty-eighth 
Congress  (March  4,  1843-March  3,  1845). 

Bower,  William  Horton,  a  Representative  from 
North  Carolina;  born  in  Wilkes  county,  N.  C., 
June  6,  1850;  attended  an  academy;  studied  law, 
and  licensed  to  practice  in  1870;  moved  to  Cali- 
fornia in  1876  and  remained  there  four  years;  re- 
turned to  his  native  state;  elected  representative 
in  legislature  in  1882;  elected  to  the  state  senate 
in  1884;  appointed  solicitor  of  tenth  judicial  dis- 
trict in  1885;  elected  solicitor  in  1886;  elected 
as  a  Democrat  to  the  Fifty-third  Congress  (March  4, 
1893-March  3,  1895);  resumed  the  practice  of  law 
in  Lenoir,  N.  C.;  died  there  May  11,  1910. 

Bowers,  Eaton  Jackson,  a  Representative 
from  Mississippi;  born  in  Canton,  Miss.,  June  17, 
1865;  attended  the  village  schools  from  1870  to 
1879,  when  he  entered  the  Mississippi  military 
institute,  at  Pass  Christian,  where  he  continued 
until  February,  1881;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in 
Canton  and  practiced  there  until  August,  1884, 
when  he  removed  to  Bay  St.  Louis;  presidential 
elector  on  the  Democratic  ticket  in  1888,  and  from 
the  state  at  large  in  1892;  in  1896  was  elected  to 
the  state  senate  and  served  one  term;  in  1900  was 
elected  to  the  house  of  representatives;  in  addition 
to  practicing  law,  engaged  in  newspaper  work; 
was  editor  and  proprietor  of  the  Gulf  Coast  Prog- 
ress, of  Bay  St.  Louis;  retired  from  the  newspaper 
business  in  1890  and  engaged  in  the  practice  of 
law;  member  of  the  Democratic  state  executive 
committee  1886-1900;  delegate  to  the  Democratic 
national  convention  in  Kansas  City  in  1900;  elec- 
ted to  the  Fifty-eighth,  Fifty-ninth,  Sixtieth,  and 
Sixty-first  Congresses,  (March  4,  1903-March  3, 
1911);  resumed  the  practice  of  law  in  Gulf  Port, 
Miss. 

Bowers,  John  Myer,  a  Representative  from 
New  York;  born  in  Boston,  Mass.,  September  25, 
1772;  was  graduated  from  Columbia  college  in  New 
York;  studied  law,  and  practiced  in  1800  in  Coop- 
erstown,  N.  Y. ;  elected  to  the  Thirteenth  Congress, 
and  served  from  June  21,  1813,  to  December  20, 
1813,  when  the  House  gave  the  seat  to  Isaac  Wil- 
liams, jr.,  who  contested  the  election;  died  in 
Cooperstown,  N.  Y.,  September  24,  1846. 

Bowers,  William  Wallace,  a  Representative 
from  California;  born  in  Whitestown,  Oneida 
county,  N.  Y.,  October  20,  1834;  attended  com- 
mon school;  moved  to  Wisconsin  in  1852;  enlisted 
as  a  private  in  Company  I ,  First  Wisconsin  cavalry, 
February  22,  1862;  discharged  from  the  service  as 
second  sergeant  February  22,  1865;  removed  to 
San  Diego  in  ]869;  elected  a  member  of  the 
California  legislature  in  1873;  collector  of  customs 
for  the  San"  Diego  district  in  1874-1882;  elected 
state  senator;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the 
Fifty-second,  Fifty- third,  and  Fifty-fourth  Con- 
gresses (March  4,  1891-March  3,  1897);  in  1898 
appointed  collector  of  customs  for  San  Diego,  Cal., 
and  reappointed  in  1902. 


Bowersock,  Justin  De  Witt,  a  Representative 
from  Kansas;  born  in  Columbiana  county,  Ohio 
September  19,  1842;  went  to  Iowa  City,  Iowa,  in 
1860,  and  engaged  in  business  and  grain  shipping; 
removed  to  Lawrence,  Kans.,  in  1877  and  com- 
menced banking  and  manufacturing  and  was 
closely  connected  with  nearly  all  the  business  en- 
terprises of  Lawrence;  was  mayor  two  terms,  1881 
to  1885;  elected  to  Kansas  house  of  representa- 
tives in  1887;  member  of  state  senate  in  1895; 
elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Fifty-sixth,  P"ifty- 
seventh,  Fifty-eighth,  ajid  Fifty-ninth  Congresses 
(March  4,  1899-March  3,  1907);  interested  in  bank- 
ing and  manufacturing  in  Lawrence,  Kans. 

Bowie,  Richard  Johns,  a  Representative  from 
Maryland;  born  in  Georgetown,  D.  C.,  June  23, 
1807;  studied  law  and  commenced  practice  in  1827 
in  Rockville,  Md.;  member  of  the  state  legislature 
in  1836-1837;  delegate  to  the  Whig  national  conven- 
tion at  Harrisburg  in  1840;  presidential  elector  in 
1840;  state's  attorney  for  Montgomery  county  1844- 
1849;  elected  as  a  Whig  to  the  Thirty-first  and 
Thirty-second  Congresses  (March  4,  1849-March  3, 
1853) ;  elected  judge  of  the  court  of  appeals  of  Mary- 
land in  1863-1867;  chief  judge  in  1867;  judge  of 
sixth  judicial  circuit  and  again  judge  of  the  court 
of  appeals  until  his  death  near  Rockville,  Md., 
March  12,  1888. 

Bowie,  Sydney  Johnston,  a  Representative 
from  Alabama;  born  in  Talladega,  Ala.,  July  26, 
1865,  where  he  resided  until  January  1,  1899;  was 
graduated  from  the  law  department  of  the  Univer- 
sity of  Alabama  June  20,  1885;  admitted  to  the  bar 
and  engaged  in  practice;  city  clerk  of  Talladega, 
1885-1886,  and  alderman  in  1891;  six  years  a  mem- 
ber of  the  Democratic  state  executive  committee 
and  chairman  of  the  Democratic  executive  com- 
mittee of  Talladega  county  from  1896  to  1899; 
elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Fifty-seventh,  Fifty- 
eighth,  and  Fifty-ninth  Congresses  (March  4,  1901- 
March  3,  1907);  resumed  the  practice  of  law  in 
Birmingham,  Ala. 

Bowie,  Thomas  Fielder,  a  Representative  from 
Maryland;  born  in  Queen  Anne,  Prince  Georges 
county,  Md.,  April  7,  1808;  was  graduated  from 
Union  college  in  1837;  studied  law,  was  admitted 
to  the  bar,  and  practiced  in  Upper  Marlboro,  Md.; 
deputy  attorney  general  for  Prince  Georges  county 
for  sixteen  years;  member  of  the  state  legislature 
for  three  terms;  elected  to  the  Thirty-fourth  and 
Thirty-fifth  Congresses  (March  4,  1855-March  3, 
1859);  died  in  Upper  Marlboro,  Md.,  October  30, 
1869. 

Bowie,  Walter,  a  Representative  from  Mary- 
land; born -in  Prince  Georges  county,  Md.,  in  1748; 
member  of  the  state  constitutional  convention 
of  1776;  elected  to  the  Seventh  Congress,  to  fill 
vacancy  caused  by  the  resignation  of  William 
Sprigg;  reelected  to  the  Eighth  Congress,  and  served 
from  March  24,  1802,  to  March  3,  1805;  declined  a 
renomination ;  died  near  Collington,  Prince  Georges 
county,  Md.,  November  9,  1810. 

Bowlin,  James  Butler,  a  Representative  from 
Missouri;  born  in  Spottsylvania  county,  Va.,  Janu- 
ary 16,  1804;  learned  a  trade;  moved  to  Greenbrier 
county  in  1825,  where  he  studied  law,  and  was 
admitted  to  the  bar  December  17,  1826,  and  com- 
menced practice;  removed  to  St.  Louis,  Mo.,  in  1833; 
continued  the  practice  of  law;  established  The 
Farmers  and  Mechanics'  Advocate;  was  chief  clerk 
of  the  Missouri  house  of  representatives  in  1836; 


BIOGKAPHIES. 


491 


member  of  the  state  legislature  1836-1837;  ap- 
pointed district  attorney  for  St.  Louis  in  1837; 
elected  judge  of  the  criminal  court  in  1839;  elected 
as  a  Democrat  to  the  Twenty-eighth,  Twenty-ninth, 
Thirtieth,  and  Thirty-first  Congresses  (March  4, 
1843-March  3,  1851);  appointed  minister  to  New 
Grenada  by  President  Polk  in  1854;  appointed 
commissioner  to  Paraguay  by  President  Buchanan, 
and  served  from  September  9,  1858,  to  February 
10,  1859;  died  in  St.  Louis,  Mo.,  July  19,  1874. 

Bowman,  Selwyn  Zadock,  a  Representative 
from  Massachusetts;  born  in  Charlestown,  Mass., 
May  11,  1840;  attended  the  Charlestown  public 
schools,  and  was  graduated  from  Harvard  college 
in  1860;  studied  law  in  the  Harvard  university 
law  school,  and  engaged  in  practice;  member  of 
the  Massachusetts  house  of  representatives  in 
1870,  1871,  and  1875,  and  of  the  Massachusetts 
senate  in  1876  and  1877;  city  solicitor  of  Somerville, 
Mass.,  1872-1873;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the 
Forty-sixth  and  Forty-seventh  Congresses  (March 

4,  1879-March  3,  1883);  resumed  the  practice  of 
law,  and  was  again  made  city  solicitor  for  Somer- 
ville; moved  to  Boston,  and  continued  in  practice. 

Bowman,  Thomas,  a  Representative  from 
Iowa;  born  in  Wiscasset,  Lincoln  county,  Me.,  May 
25,  1848;  moved  to  Council  Bluffs,  Iowa,  in  1868, 
where  he  engaged  in  business;  elected  treasurer  of 
Pottawattamie  county  in  1875,  and  reelected  in 
1877,  and  1879;  elected  mayor  of  Council  Bluffs  in 
1882;  appointed  postmaster  in  1885,  and  served  until 
1889,  when  he  resigned;  purchased  a  controlling 
ownership  of  the  Council  Bluffs  Globe  in  1883; 
elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Fifty-second  Congress 
(March  4,  1891-March  3,  1893);  again  postmaster  of 
Council  Bluffs  1904-1908;  engaged  in  railroad  con- 
tracting. 

Bowne,  Obadiah,  a  Representative  from  New 
York;  born  on  Staten  Island,  N.  Y.,  May  19,  1822; 
was  graduated  from  Princeton  college;  elected  as  a 
Whig  to  the  Thirty-second  Congress  (March  4, 1851- 
March  3, 1853);  quarantine  commissioner  1857-1859; 
a  Lincoln  presidential  elector  in  1866;  died  in 
Staten  Island,  N.  Y.,  April  27,  1874. 

Bowne,  Samuel  S.,  a  Representative  from 
New  York;  born  in  New  York  in  1795;  studied 
law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced 
practice  in  Otsego  county;  member  of  the  state 
assembly  in  1834;  elected  as  a  Van  Buren  Demo- 
crat to  the  Twenty-seventh  Congress,  and  served 
from  March  4,  1841,  to  March  3,  1843;  judge  of 
Otsego  county  in  1857;  died  in  Otsego  county 
N.  Y.,  July  15,  1875. 

Boyce,  William  Waters,  a  Representative  from 
South  Carolina;  born  in  Charleston,  S.  C.,  October 
24,  1818;  attended  the  College  of  South  Carolina, 
and  Virginia  university;  studied  law,  was  ad- 
mitted to  the  bar,  and  practiced  in  Winnsboro, 

5.  C.;  member  of  the, state  house  of  representa- 
tives; elected  as  a  States'  Rights  Democrat  to  the 
Thirty-third,     Thirty-fourth,     Thirty-fifth,     and 
Thirty-sixth  Congresses,  and  served  from  March  4, 
1853,  to  December  21,   1860,  when  he  withdrew 
with  others  of  the  South  Carolina  delegation;  ap- 
pointed a  delegate  from  South  Carolina  to  the 
Confederate  provisional  congress  January  4,  1861; 
elected  to  the  First  Confederate  congress,  and  re- 
elected  to  the  Second,  and  served  from  February 
10,  1862,  to  February  18,  1864;  removed  to  Wash- 
ington, D.  C.,  and  practiced  law;  died  in  Fairfax 
county,  Va.,  February  3,  1890. 


Boyd,  Adam,  a  Representative  from  New 
Jersey;  born  in  New  Jersey  March  21,  1746;  held 
several  local  offices  in  Hackensack  during  the  Revo- 
lutionary war;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Eighth 
Congress,  and  served  from  March  4, 1803,  to  March  3, 
1805;  elected  to  the  Tenth  Congress,  to  fill  vacancy 
caused  by  the  death  of  Ezrea  Darby;  reelected  to  the 
Eleventh  and  Twelfth  Congresses,  and  served  from 
April  1,  1808,  to  March  3,  1813;  died  in  Hacken- 
sack, N.  J.,  August  15,  1835. 

Boyd,  Alexander,  a  Representative  from  New 
York;  native  of  New  York;  elected  on  the  Peace 
and  Commerce  ticket  to  the  Thirteenth  Congress, 
and  served  from  March  4,  1813,  to  March  3,  1815. 

Boyd,  John  Prank,  a  Representative  from  Ne- 
braska; born  in  Connellsville,  Fayette  county,  Pa., 
August  8,  1853;  moved  with  his  parents  to  Henry 
county,  111.,  in  1857;  attended  the  public  schools, 
and  Abingdon  college,  111.,  for  two  years;  studied 
law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  practiced  in 
Galva,  111.,  five  years;  moved  to  Oakdale,  Antelope 
county,  Nebr.,  and  continued  to  practice  law; 
elected  county  attorney  in  1888,  and  reelected  in 
1892;  elected  judge  of  the  district  court  in  1900,  and 
reelected  in  1903;  took  up  his  residence  in  Neligh, 
Nebr.,  in  1901;  was  elected  to  the  Sixtieth  Congress 
(March  4,  1907-March  3,  1909);  resumed  the  prac- 
tice of  law  in  Neligh,  Nebr. 

Boyd,  John  H.,  a  Representative  from  New 
York;  born  in  Whitehall,  N.  Y.;  attended  the  pub- 
lic schools;  member  of  the  state  assembly  in  1840; 
elected  as  a  Whig  to  the  Thirty-second  Congress 
(March  4,  1851-March  3,  1853);  died  July  2,  1868. 

Boyd,  Linn,  a  Representative  from  Kentucky; 
born  in  Nashville,  Tenn.,  November  22,  1800; 
moved  with  his  parents  to  Trigg  county,  Ky.; 
member  of  the  state  legislature  1827-1832;  elected 
as  a  Democrat  to  the  Twenty-fourth  Congress 
(March  4,  1835-March  3,  1837);  elected  to  the 
Twenty-sixth,  and  to  the  seven  succeeding  Con- 
gresses (March  4,  1839-March3,  1855);  Speaker  of 
the  House  of  Representatives  in  the  Thirty-second 
and  Thirty-third  Congresses;  lieutenant  governor 
of  Kentucky  in  1859;  died  in  Paducah,  Ky.,  De- 
cember 17,  1859. 

Boyd,  Sempronius  Hamilton,  a  Representa- 
tive from  Missouri;  born  in  Williamson  county, 
Tenn.,  May  28,  1828;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to 
the  bar  in  1855;  and  commenced  practice  in  Spring- 
field, Mo. ;  clerk  of  the  court;  mayor  of  Springfield  in 
1857;  entered  the  Union  army  in  1861  and  com- 
manded the  regiment  known  as  the  Lypn  Legion; 
elected  as  an  Emancipationist  to  the  Thirty-eighth 
Congress  (March  4,  1863-March  3,  1865);  resumed 
the  practice  of  law;  judge  of  the  fourteenth  judicial 
circuit  of  Missouri;  delegate  in  the  Baltimore  con- 
vention of  1864;  raised  the  forty-sixth  Missouri 
infantry  in  1865;  supported  General  Grant  for  Presi- 
dent in  convention;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the 
Forty-first  Congress  (March  4,  1869-March  3, 1871); 
appointed  minister  resident  and  consul  general  to 
Siam  in  1890,  and  served  until  1893;  founder  and 
president  of  the  First  National  bank  of  Springfield, 
Mo. 

Boyd,  Thomas  Alexander,  a  Representative 
from  Illinois;  born  in  Adams  county,  Pa.,  June  25, 
1830;  was  graduated  from  Marshall  college,  Mercers- 
burg,  Pa.,  in  1848;  studied  law  in  Chambersburg, 
Pa.,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  practiced  in  Bel- 
ford,  Pa. ;  removed  to  Illinois  in  1856,  and  continued 
in  his  profession  until  1861 ;  enlisted  in  the  seven- 


492 


CONGRESSIONAL   DIRECTORY. 


teenth  Illinois  infantry  in  1861,  and  obtained  the 
commission  of  captain;  elected  a  state  senator  in 
1866,  and  reelected  in  1870;  elected  as  a  Republi- 
can to  the  Forty-fifth  and  Forty-sixth  Congresses 
(March  4,  1877,  to  March  3,  1881);  resumed  the 
practice  of  law  in  Lewistown,  111.,  and  died  there 
May  28,  1897. 

Boyden,  Nathaniel,  a  Representative  from 
North  Carolina;  born  in  Franklin,  Mass.,  August 
16,  1796;  was  graduated  from  Union  college,  Sche- 
nectady,  N.  Y.,  in  1821;  removed  to  Stokes  county, 
N.  C.,  in  1822;  taught  school,  and  studied  law; 
member  of  the  house  of  commons  in  1838,  and  1840, 
and  of  the  state  senate  in  1844;  removed  to  Salis- 
bury; elected  as  a  Whig  to  the  Thirtieth  Congress 
(March  4,  1847-March  3,  1849);  member  of  the  leg- 
islature of  North  Carolina  under  the  Confederacy; 
elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Fortieth  Congress, 
and  served  from  July  13,  1868,  to  March  3,  1869; 
associate  justice  of  the  supreme  court  of  North 
Carolina  1872-1873;  died  in  Stokes  county,  N.  C., 
November  20,  1873;  interment  in  Salisbury,  N.  C. 

Boyer,  Benjamin  Markley,  a  Representative 
from  Pennsylvania;  born  in  Montgomery  county, 
Pa.,  January  22, 1823;  was  graduated  from  the  Uni- 
versity of  Pennsylvania;  studied  law,  was  admitted 
to  the  bar,  and  practiced ;  district  attorney  of  Mont- 
gomery county,  Pa.,  1848-1850;  elected  as  a  Demo- 
crat to  the  Thirty-ninth  and  Fortieth  Congresses 
(March  4,  1865-March  3,  1869);  judge  of  the  Mont- 
gomery circuit  court  in  1882,  and  until  his  death 
in  Norristown,  Pa.,  August  16,  1887. 

Boyle,  Charles  Edmund,  a  Representative 
from  Pennsylvania;  born  in  Uniontown,  Fayette 
county,  Pa.,  February  4,  1836;  attended  the  com- 
mon schools,  and  Waynesburg  college  in  Waynes- 
burg,  Greene  county,  Pa.;  studied  law,  was  ad- 
mitted to  the  bar  in  December,  1861,  and  prac- 
ticed; elected  district  attorney  for  Fayette  county 
in  1862;  elected  to  the  legislature  in  1865,  and  re- 
elected  in  1866;  president  of  the  Democratic  state 
convention  in  1867,  and  again  in  1871;  delegate  in 
the  St.  Louis  Democratic  national  convention  of 
1876,  and  in  the  Cincinnati  Democratic  national 
convention  of  1880;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the 
Forty-eighth  and  Forty-ninth  Congresses  (March  4, 
1883-March3, 1887);  appointed  judge  of  the  Terri- 
tory of  Washington  in  September,  1888;  died  in 
Seattle,  Wash.,  December  15,  1888. 

Boyle,  John,  a  Representative  from  Kentucky; 
born  in  Botetourt  county,  Va.,  October  28,  1774; 
removed  with  his  father  to  Kentucky  in  1779;  stud- 
ied law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced 
practice  in  Lancaster,  Ky.,  in  1797;  elected  to  the 
Eighth,  Ninth,  and  Tenth  Congresses,  and  served 
from  March  4,  1803,  to  March  3,  1809;  appointed 
governor  of  Illinois  Territory,  but  declined;  judge 
of  the  court  of  appeals  of  Kentucky  from  April, 
1809,  to  April,  1810,  and  chief  justice  of  that  court 
from  April,  1810,  to  November  8,  1826;  United 
States  district  judge  for  the  district  of  Kentucky 
from  November  8,  1826,  until  his  death,  in  Ken- 
tucky, January  28,  1834. 

Brabson,  Reese  B.,  a  Representative  from 
Tennessee;  born  in  Chattanooga,  Tenn.;  attended 
the  public  schools;  elected  as  a  Whig  to  the  Thirty- 
sixth  Congress  (March  4,  1859-March  3, 1861). 

Brace,  Jonathan,  a  Representative  from  Con- 
necticut; born  in  Harrington,  Conn.,  November  12, 
1754;  was  graduated  from  Yale  college  in  1779; 
studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  prac- 


ticed in  Hartford;  prosecuting  attorney,  judge  of 

B'obate,  and  chief  judge  of  the  county  court  of 
artford  county;  elected  to  the  Fifth  Congress,  to 
fill  vacancy  caused  by  the  death  of  Joshua  Coit; 
reelected  to  the  Sixth  Congress,  and  served  from 
December  3, 1798,  until  he  resigned  in  1800;  mem- 
ber of  the  state  legislature  for  several  years;  mayor 
of  Hartford  nine  years;  died  in  Hartford,  Conn., 
August  26,  1837. 

Bradbury,  George,  a  Representative  from 
Massachusetts;  born  in  Falmouth,  Mass.,  October 
10,  1770;  was  graduated  from  Harvard  college  in 
1789;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and 
practiced  in  Portland;  member  of  the  Massachu- 
setts house  of  representatives  1806-1810,  1811,  and 
1812;  elected  as  a  Federalist  to  the  Thirteenth  and 
Fourteenth  Congresses,  and  served  from  March  4, 
1813,  to  March  3,  1817;  resumed  the  practice  of 
law;  associate  clerk  of  the  Portland  court  1817- 
1820;  member  of  the  state  senate  in  1820;  died  in 
Portland,  Me.,  November  7,  1823. 

Bradbury,  James  Ware,  a  Senator  from  Maine; 
born  in  Parsonsfield,  Me.,  June  10,  1802;  was  grad- 
uated from  Bowdoin  college  in  1825;  principal  of 
Hallowell  academy,  and  founder  of  the  first  normal 
school  in  New  England  at  Effingham,  N.  H.;  stud- 
ied law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1830,  and  prac- 
ticed in  Augusta,  Me.;  prosecuting  attorney  1834- 
1838;  presidential  elector  on  the  Polk  ticket  in 
1844;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  United  States 
Senate  for  the  term  beginning  March  4, 1847,  and 
served  until  March  3, 1853;  declined  to  be  a  candi- 
date for  reelection;  died  in  Augusta,  Me.,  January 
7,  190] . 

Bradbury,  Theophilus,  a  Representative  from 
Massachusetts;  born  in  Newbury,  Mass.,  November 
13,  1739;  was  graduated  from  Harvard  college  in 
1757;  taught  school,  and  studied  law  in  Portland, 
Me. ;  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  practiced  in  Portland 
1761-1769;  returned  to  Newbury,  Mass.,  and  prac- 
ticed law;  member  of  the  state  legislature,  both 
houses;  elected  to  the  Fourth  and  Fifth  Congresses, 
and  served  from  March  4,  1795,  until  July  24,  1797, 
when  he  resigned;  appointed  judge  of  the  supreme 
court  of  Massachusetts,  which  position  he  held 
until  his  death  in  Newburyport,  Mass.,  September 
6,  1803. 

Bradford,  Allen  Alexander,  a  Delegate  from 
the  Territory  of  Colorado;  born  in  Friendship,  Me., 
July  23,  1815;  moved  to  Missouri  in  1841;  studied 
law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  practiced;  clerk 
of  the  circuit  court  of  Atchison  county,  Mo.,  1845- 
1851;  removed  to  Iowa,  and  was  judge  of  the  sixth 
judicial  district  1852-1855;  moved  to  the  Territory 
of  Nebraska,  and  was  a  member  of  the  legislative 
council  1856,  1857,  and  1858;  took  up  his  residence 
in  the  Territory  of  Colorado  in  1860;  appointed 
judge  of  the  supreme  court  of  the  Territory  by 
President  Lincoln  June  6,  1862;  elected  as  a  Re- 
publican a  Delegate  to  the  Thirty-ninth  Congress 
(March  4,  1865-March  3,  1867)  and  to  the  Forty- 
first  Congress  (March  4,  ISeVMarch  3,  1871);  re- 
sumed the  practice  of  law  in  Pueblo,  Colo.,  and 
died  there  March  12,  1888. 

Bradford,  Taul,  a  Representative  from  Ala 
bama;  born  in  Margisville,  Ala.,  January  20,  1835; 
was  graduated  from  the  University  of  Alabama  in 
1854;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and 
commenced  practice  in  1855;  served  in  the  Con- 
federate army  throughout  the  war;  member  of  the 
state  legislature  of  Alabama  1871-1872;  elected  as 
a  Democrat  to  the  Forty-fourth  Congress  (March 
4,  1875-March  3,  1877). 


BIOGRAPHIES. 


493 


Bradford,  William,  a  Senator  from  Rhode 
Island;  born  in  Plympton,  Mass.,  November  4, 
1729;  studied  medicine  in  Hingham  under  Dr.  E. 
Hersey,  and  afterwards  practiced  in  Warren,  R.  I.; 
moved  to  Bristol;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the 
bar,  and  practiced;  member  of  the  Rhode  Island 
committee  of  correspondence  in  1773;  chosen  dep- 
uty governor  of  Rhode  Island  in  1773;  delegate  to 
confer  with  the  governments  of  Massachusetts  and 
Connecticut;  elected  a  Delegate  to  the  Continental 
Congress,  but  did  not  serve;  member  of  the  state 
general  assembly  and  speaker  for  one  year;  elected 
to  the  United  States  Senate,  and  served  from  March 
4,  1793,  until  October,  1797,  when  he  resigned; 
elected  President  pro  tempore  of  the  Senate  July  6, 
1797;  died  in  Bristol,  R.  I.,  July  6,  1808. 

Bradley,  Edward,  a  Representative  from  Michi- 
gan; elected  to  the  Thirtieth  Congress,  and  served 
from  March  4,  1847,  until  his  death  August  5, 1847. 

Bradley,  Nathan  B.,  a  Representative  from 
Michigan;  born  in  Lee,  Berkshire  county,  Mass., 
May  28,  1831;  moved  with  his  parents  to  Loiain 
county  j  Ohio,  in  1835;  spent  some  years  of  his 
youth  in  Wisconsin  and  Ohio,  but  finally  went  to 
Michigan,  and  engaged  in  manufacture  of  the  lum- 
ber; justice  of  the  peace  three  terms,  a  supervisor  one 
term,  an  alderman  three  terms,  and  the  first  mayor 
of  Bay  City  after  it  obtained  its  charter;  elected  to 
the  state  senate  in  1866;  elected  as  a  Republican 
to  the  Forty-third  and  Forty-fourth  Congresses 
(March  4,  1873-March  3,  1877). 

Bradley,  Stephen  Bow,  a  Senator  from  Ver- 
mont; born  in  Wallingford,  Conn.,  February  20, 
1754;  was  graduated  from  Yale  college  in  1775; 
studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1779,  and 
commenced  practice  in  Westminster,  Vt.;  ap- 
pointed county  judge  for  Windham  county  in  1783; 
appointed  associate  judge  of  the  superior  court  of 
Vermont  in  1788;  member  of  the  state  assembly, 
and  served  as  speaker  of  the  house  in  1785;  mem- 
ber of  the  city  council  of  Westminster  in  1798; 
was  captain  of  a  volunteer  company  in  the  Revolu- 
tionary war,  and  served  as  aid-de-camp  to  Gen. 
Wooster;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  United  States 
Senate,  and  served  from  March  4,  1791,  to  March  3, 
1795;  again  elected  to  the  United  States  Senate,  to 
fill  vacancy  caused  by  the  resignation  of  Elijah 
Paine;  reelected  in  1807,  and  served  from  Octo- 
ber 15,  1801,  to  March  3,  1813;  elected  President 
of  the  Senate  pro  tempore  December  14,  1802; 
February  25,  1803;  March  2,  1803;  and  December 
28,  1808;  moved  to  Walpole,  N.  H.,  in  1818,  and 
died  there  December  9,  1830. 

Bradley,  Thomas  J.,  a  Representative  from 
New  York;  born  in  New  York  City;  January  2, 
1870;  attended  public  schools  until  June,  1882, 
and  was  graduated  from  the  College  of  the  City  of 
New  York  in  1887;  taught  in  the  public  schools  of 
New  York  City  from  1887  until  1891 ;  was  graduated 
from  the  University  law  school  in  1889;  appointed 
a  deputy  assistant  district  attorney  of  the  county 
of  New  York  in  1891,  which  position  he  held  until 
July,  1895;  resigned,  to  attend  to  private  law  prac- 
tice; elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Fifty-fifth  and 
Fifty-sixth  Congresses  (March  4,  1897-March  3, 
1901);  resumed  the  practice  of  law  in  New  York 
City. 

Bradley,  Thomas  Wilson,  a  Representative 
from  New  York;  born  April  6,  1844;  entered  the 
Union  Army  as  a  private  solider,  and  became  cap- 
tain in  the  one  hundred  and  twenty-fourth  New 
York  volunteers;  was  aid-de-camp  to  Maj.  Gen. 


Mott,  third  division,  second  army  corps;  awarded 
the  congressional  medal  of  honor  "for  gallantry  at 
Chancellorsville ' ';  was  brevetted  major  of  United 
States  volunteers  "for  meritorious  service  during 
the  campaign  terminating  at  Appomattox ' ';  mem- 
ber of  assembly  in  1876;  delegate  in  the  Repub- 
lican national  conventions  of  1892,  1896,  and  1900; 
elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Fifty-eighth,  Fifty- 
ninth,  Sixtieth,  and  Sixty-first  Congresses  (March  4, 
1903-March  3,  1911).  Reelected  to  the  Rixty-secowl 
Congress. 

Bradley,  William  Czar,  a  Representative  from 
Vermont;  born  in  Westminster,  Vt.,  March  23, 1783; 
attended  Yale  college;  studied  law,  was  admitted 
to  the  bar,  and  practiced  in  Westminster;  prosecu- 
ting attorney  for  Windham  county  1804-1811 ;  mem- 
ber of  the  state  house  of  representatives  1806-1807 ; 
state  councilor  in  1812; -elected  as  a  War  Democrat 
to  the  Thirteenth  Congress,  and  served  from  March 
4,  1813,  to  March  3,  1815;  agent  of  United  States 
under  the  Treaty  of  Ghent  1815-1820;  elected  as  a 
Democrat  to  the  Eighteenth  and  Nineteenth  Con- 
gresses (March  4, 1823-March3, 1827);  unsuccessful 
candidate  of  the  Democratic  party  for  governor  in 
1830, 1834, 1835, 1836, 1837,  and  1838;  elected  to  the 
state  house  of  representatives  in  1850;  presidential 
elector  on  the  Fremont  ticket  in  1856;  member  of 
the  state  constitutional  convention  of  1857;  retired 
from  the  practice  of  law  in  1858;  died  in  Westmin- 
ster, Vt.,  March  3,  1867. 

Bradley,  William  O'Connell,  a  Senator  from 
Kentucky;  born  near  Lancaster,  Ky.,  March  18, 
1847;  attended  local  schools;  was  licensed  to  prac- 
tice law  by  special  act  of  the  legislature  when 
eighteen  years  of  age;  was  elected  county  attorney 
of  Garrard  county  in  1870;  Republican  candidate 
for  Congress  in  1872,  and  1876,  in  a  hopelessly  Demo- 
cratic district;  delegate  at  large  in  six  Republican 
national  conventions;  seconded  the  nomination  of 
General  Grant  in  1880;  defeated  the  motion  to  curtail 
southern  representation  in  1884,  and  seconded  the 
nomination  of  Theodore  Roosevelt  for  President  in 
1904;  three  times  elected  member  of  the  Repub- 
lican national  committee;  received  105  votes  for 
Vice  President  in  the  convention  of  1888;  was  in- 
dorsed'for  President  by  the  Kentucky  state  con- 
vention in  1896;  appointed  minister  to  Korea  in 
1889,  but  declined;  defeated  for  governor  in  1887; 
elected  governor  in  1895;  was  nominated  by  his 
party  for  United  States  Senator,  and  voted  for  four 
times  prior  to  1908,  and  in  February,  1908,  was 
elected  to  the  United  States  Senate  for  the  term 
ending  March  4,  1915,  and  took  his  seat  March  15, 
1909. 

Bradshaw,  Samuel  Carey,  a  Representative 
from  Pennsylvania;  born  in  Plumstead,  Bucks 
county,  Pa.,  June  10,  1809;  attended  the  public 
schools,  and  was  graduated  from  the  Pennsylvania 
medical  college  in  1833,  and  practiced  in  Quaker- 
town;  elected  as  a  Whig  to  the  Thirty-fourth  Con- 
gress (March  4,  1855-Marrh  3,  1857);  defeated  for 
election  to  the  Thirty-fifth  Congress;  died  in  Qua- 
kertown,  Pa.,  June  9,  1872. 

Brady,  James  Dennis,  a  Representative  from 
Virginia;  born  in  Portsmouth,  Va.,  April  3,  1843; 
engaged  in  business;  resided  in  New  York  at  the 
commencement  of  the  Civil  war;  enlisted  as  a 
private  in  the  thirty-seventh  New  York  volun- 
teers, in  which  regiment  served  as  acting  adjutant, 
when  he  was  transferred  and  commissioned  adju- 
tant of  the  sixty-third  New  York  volunteers;  sub- 
sequently held  the  rank  of  captain,  major,  lieu- 
tenant colonel,  and  colonel  of  that  regiment;  served 


494 


CONGRESSIONAL    DIRECTOEY. 


in  the  judge  advocate's,  adjutant  general's,  and 
inspector  general's  departments  of  the  second 
corps,  Army  of  the  Potomac,  and  commanded  the 
sixty-third  regiment  when  honorably  mustered 
out  of  service  in  July,  1865;  appointed  collector  of 
internal  revenue  in  June,  1877;  delegate  from  Vir- 
ginia in  the  Republican  national  convention  of  1880, 
and  delegate  at  large  in  the  Republican  national 
convention  of  1884 ;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the 
Forty-ninth  Congress  (March  4,  1885-March  3, 
1887);  died  in  Petersburg,  Va.,  November  30,  1890. 

Brady,  Jasper  Ewing,  a  Representative  from 
Pennsylvania;  born  in  New  Jersey;  attended  the 

Eublic  schools ;  learned  the  hatter's  trade;  studied 
iw,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  practiced  in 
Chambersburg,  Pa. ;  elected  as  a  Whig  to  the  Thir- 
tieth Congress  (March  4,  1847-March  3,  1849); 
moved  to  Pittsburgh,  Pa.,  and  resumed  the  practice 
of  law;  appointed  in  1861  a  clerk  in  the  office  of 
the  Paymaster  General  in  the  War  Department; 
died  in  Washington,  D.  C.,  January  23,  1870. 

Bragg,  Edward  Stuyvesant,  a  Representative 
from  Wisconsin;  born  in  TJnadilla,  N.  Y.,  February 

20,  1827;  attended  district  school  and  academy,  and 
Geneva  college;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the 
bar  in  New  York  in  1848,  and  commenced  practice 
in  Fond  du  Lac,Wis.,  in  1850;  elected  district  attor- 
ney in  1854 ;  delegate  in  the  Charleston  convention 
in  1860;   entered  the  Union  army  as  a  captain  of 
the  sixth  Wisconsin  infantry  July  16,  1861;  major 
September  17,  1861;  lieutenant  colonel  June  21, 
1862;  colonel  March  24,  1863;  brigadier  general  of 
volunteers  June  25,  1864;  mustered  out  of  the  ser- 
vice October  9,  1865;  appointed  postmaster  of  Fond 
du  Lac  by  President  Johnson  in  1866;  elected  to 
the  state  senate,  and  served  1868-1869;  delegate  in 
the  Baltimore  convention  in  1872;  elected  as  a 
Democrat    to    the    Forty-fifth,    Forty-sixth,    and 
Forty-seventh    Congresses;   again   elected    to   the 
Forty-ninth  Congress;  served  from  March  4,  1877, 
to  March  3,  1883,  and  from  March  4,  1885,  to  March 
3,  1887;  resumed  the  practice  of  law  in  Fond  du 
Lac,  Wis. 

Bragg,  John,  a  Representative  from  Alabama; 
born  in  Warren  county,  N.  C,,  January  14, 1806;  was 
graduated  from  the  University  of  North  Carolina  in 
1824;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and 
practiced;  member  of  the  house  of  commons  of 
North  Carolina  1830-1834;  moved  to  Mobile,  Ala., 
in  1836,  where  he  continued  the  practice  of  law;  was 
appointed  judge  of  the  tenth  judicial  circuit  in  1842 ; 
served  several  years  in  the  state  legislature ;  elected 
as  a  States'  Rights  Democrat  to  the  Thirty-second 
Congress  (March  4,  1851-March  3,  1853);  declined 
a  renomination  for  Congress;  delegate  from  Mobile 
to  the  state  convention  of  1861;  died  in  Mobile, 
Ala.,  August  10,  1878. 

Bragg,  Thomas,  a  Senator  from  North  Carolina; 
born  in  Warren  County,  N.  C.,  November  9,  1810; 
attended  the  military  academy,  Middletown,Conn.; 
studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  practiced 
in  Jackson,  N .  C . ;  member  of  the  house  of  commons  of 
North  Carolina  in  1842;  presidential  elector  on  the 
Pierce  and  King  ticket  in  1853 ;  governor  1855-1859 ; 
elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  United  States  Senate, 
to  succeed  David  S.  Reid;  took  his  seat  December 
5,  1859,  but  withdrew  in  May,  1861,  North  Carolina 
having  seceded  from  the  Union  May  21,  1861;  was 
formally  expelled  from  the  Senate  with  others  by 
resolution  of  July  11,  1861;  appointed  attorney 
general  of  the  Confederacy  February  22,  1861,  and 
served  two  years;  died  in  Raleigh,  N.  C.,  January 

21,  1872. 


Brainerd,  Lawrence,  a  Senator  from  Vermont; 
born  in  East  Hartford,  Conn.,  March  16,  1794;  com- 
pleted preparatory  studies;  was  active  in  forward- 
ing the  commercial  and  railroad  interests  of  Ver- 
mont; several  times  an  unsuccessful  candidate  for 
fovernor;  elected  as  a  Free  Soiler,  to  the  United 
tates  Senate  to  fill  the  vacancy  caused  by  the 
death  of  William  Upham,  and  served  from  Oc- 
tober 14,  1854,  to  March  3,  1855;  died  in  St.  Albans, 
Vt.,  May  9,  1870. 

Brainerd,  Samuel  M.,  a  Representative  from 
Pennsylvania;  born  in  Erie  county,  Pa.,  November 
13,  1842;  studied  law,  admitted  to  the  Erie  bar  in 
November,  1869,  and  practiced;  elected  district 
attorney  of  Erie  county  in  1872,  and  served  three 
years;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Forty-eighth 
Congress  (March  4,  1883-March  3,  1885);  resumed 
the  practrce  of  law  in  Erie,  Pa.,  and  died  there 
in  November,  1898. 

Branch,  John,  a  Senator  and  a  Representative 
from  North  Carolina;  born  in  Halifax  county, 
N.  C.,  November  4,  1782;  was  graduated  from  the 
University  of  North  Carolina  in  1801;  studied  law, 
was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  practiced;  was  elected 
judge  of  the  superior  court;  member  of  the  state 
senate  of  North  Carolina  1811-1817,  1822,  and  1834; 
governor  of  North  Carolina  1817-1820;  elected  to 
the  United  States  Senate;  reeleoted  in  1829,  and 
served  from  March  4,  1823,  to  March  9,  1829,  when 
he  resigned;  appointed  Secretary  of  the  Navy  by 
President  Jackson,  and  served  in  the  executive 
cabinet  from  March  9,  1829,  to  May  12,  1831,  when 
he  resigned ;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Twenty- 
second  Congress  (March  4,  1831 -March  3,  1833); 
member  of  the  state  constitutional  convention  of 
1835;  appointed  governor  of  Florida  by  President 
Tyler,  arid  served  from  1844  until  the  election 
of  a  governor  under  the  state  constitution  in  1845; 
died  in  Enfield,  N.  C.,  January  4,  1863. 

Branch,  Lawrence  O'Brien,  a  Representative 
from  North  Carolina;  born  in  Enfield,  Halifax 
county,  N.  C.,  November  28,  1820;  was  graduated 
from  Princeton  college  in  1838;  studied  law,  was 
admitted  to  the  bar  in  Florida  in  1840,  and  prac- 
ticed; moved  to  Raleigh,  N.  C.,  in  1844;  elected 
to  the  Thirty-fourth,  Thirty -fifth  and  Thirty-sixth 
Congresses  (March  4, 1855-March  3, 1861) ;  appointed 
Secretary  of  the  Treasury  by  President  Buchanan 
December  2,  1860,  but  declined;  entered  the  Con- 
federate army  after  the  secession  of  North  Carolina 
in  May,  1861,  and  was  appointed  brigadier  general 
the  same  year;  in  command  at  Newbern  when  cap- 
tured by  General  Burnside;  killed  in  the  battle  of 
Sharpsburg,  while  in  command  of  the  fourth  bri- 
gade, North  Carolina  troops,  September  17,  1862. 

Branch,  William  Augustus  Blount,  a  Repre- 
sentative from  North  Carolina;  born  in  Tallahassee, 
Fla.,  February  26,  1847;  moved  with  his  father  to 
Raleigh,  N.  C.;  entered  the  University  of  North 
Carolina,  remained  two  years,  and  then  attended 
the  Virginia  military  institute;  joined  the  Confed- 
erate army,  and  served  as  a  courier  on  staff  of  Gen. 
R.  F.  Hoke;  surrendered  with  Gen.  Johnson's  army 
in  1865;  studied  law  under  Gov.  Thomas  Bragg,  of 
North  Carolina,  but  never  practiced;  elected  as  a 
Democrat  to  the  Fifty-second  and  Fifty-third  Con- 
gresses (March  4,  1891-March  3,  1895);  resumed 
agricultural  pursuits  in  Beaufort,  N.  C.;  died  in 
Washington,  N.  C.,  November  18,  1910. 

Brandegee,  Augustus,  a  Representative  from 
Connecticut;  born  in  New  London,  Conn.,  July  15, 
1828;  was  graduated  from  Yale  college  in  1849,  and 


BIOGRAPHIES. 


495 


from  the  Yale  law  school  in  1851;  was  admitted  to 
the  bar,  and  practiced  law  in  New  London;  mem- 
ber of  the  state  legislature  in  1854,  1858,  1859,  and 
1861;  speaker  the  last  term;  presidential  elector  on 
the  Lincoln  ticket  in  1860;  elected  as  a  Repub- 
lican to  the  Thirty-eighth  and  Thirty-ninth  Con- 
gresses (March  4,  1863-March  3,  1867);  delegate  in 
the  Republican  national  convention  in  Baltimore 
in  1864,  in  the  Loyalist  convention  in  Philadelphia 
in  1866,  and  the  Republican  national  convention  in 
Chicago  in  1880;  died  in  New  London,  Conn., 
November  10,  1904. 

Brandegee,  Frank  Bosworth,  a  Representa- 
tive and  a  Senator  from  Connecticut;  born  in  New 
London,  Conn.,  July  8,  1864;  was  graduated  irom 
Yale  in  1885;  admitted  to  the  bar  of  New  London 
county  in  1888,  and  practiced  in  New  London  as  a 
member  of  the  firm  of  Brandegee,  Noyes  &  Bran- 
degee; representative  from  New  London  in  the 
general  assembly  in  1888;  elected  corporation 
counsel  in  1889,  and  held  the  office  (with  the  excep- 
tion of  two  years,  when  his  party  was  not  in  power) 
until  he  resigned;  delegate  in  the  Republican 
national  conventions  of  1888,  1892,  1900,  and  1904, 
in  which  latter  year  he  was  chairman  of  the  dele- 
gation; speaker  of  the  Connecticut  house  of  repre- 
sentatives in  1899,  and  president  of  the  Republican 
state  convention  of  May,  1904;  elected  to  the 
Fifty-seventh  Congress,  October  24,  1902,  to  fill 
vacancy  caused  by  the  death  of  Charles  A.  Russell; 
reelected  to  the  Fifty-eighth  and  Fifty-ninth  Con- 
gresses, and  served  from  March  7,  1901,  to  May  9, 
1905;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  United  States 
Senate,  to  fill  the  vacancy  caused  by  the  death  of 
Orville  H.  Platt,  and  took  his  seat  December  5, 
1905;  reelected  in  1909,  for  term  ending  March  3, 
1915. 

Brantley,  William  Gordon,  a  Representative 
from  Georgia;  born  in  Blackshear,  Pierce  county, 
Ga.,  September  18,  1860;  spent  two  years  in  the 
University  of  Georgia;  read  law,  and  was  admitted 
to  the  bar  in  October,  1881;  represented  Pierce 
county  in  the  state  house  of  representatives 
1884-1885;  represented  third  senatorial  district  in 
the  state  senate  1886-1887;  elected  solicitor  gen- 
eral (prosecuting  attorney)  of  Brunswick  circuit 
in  1888,  for  a  term  of  four  years,  and  reelected  in 
1892;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Fifty-fifth, 
Fifty-sixth,  Fifty-seventh,  Fifty-eighth,  Fifty- 
ninth,  Sixtieth,  and  Sixty-first  Congresses  (March 

4,  1897-March  3,    1911).     Reelected  to  the  Sixty- 
second  Congress. 

Bratton,  John,  a  Representative  from  South 
Carolina;  born  in  Winnsboro,  Fairfield  county, 

5.  C.,  March  7,  1831;  attended  the  academy  of 
Mount  Zion  institute,  Winnsboro,  was  graduated 
from  South  Carolina  College  in  1850,  and  from  the 
South  Carolina    Medical  college,    Charleston,    in 
1853;  volunteered  in  the  Civil  war  as  a  private,  and 
served  from  the  beginning  to  the  end  of  the  war; 
attained  the  rank  of  brigadier  general;  member  of 
the  state  constitutional  convention  in  1865;  mem- 
ber of  the  state  senate  in  1866;  chairman  of  the 
South    Carolina    delegation    in    the    Democratic 
national  convention  in  St.  Louis  in  1876;  delegate 
from  South  Carolina  in  the  Democratic  national 
convention  in  Cincinnati  in  1880;  elected  comp- 
troller general  of  South  Carolina  by  the  legislature, 
to  fill  a  vacancy  in  1881;  elected  to  the  Forty- 
eighth    Congress,   to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  the 
death  of  John  H.  Evins,  and  served  from  Decem- 
ber 8,  1884,  to  March  3,  1885;  died  in  Winnsboro, 
S.  C. 


Bratton,  Robert  Franklin,  a  Representative 
from  Maryland;  born  in  Barren  Creek  Springs, 
Wicomico  (then  Somerset)  county,  Md.,  May  13, 
1845;  was  graduated  from  Washington  college, 
Chestertown,  Md.,  in  1864;  deputy  register  of  wills 
for  Somerset  county;  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1867; 
member  of  the  state  convention  of  1865,  which  sent 
delegates  to  a  peace  convention  held  in  Philadel- 
phia in  that  year;  member  of  several  state  and  con- 
gressional conventions;  elected  to  the  house  of  dele- 
gates in  1869,  and  to  the  state  senate  in  1873,  1879, 
and  1887;  elected  president  of  the  senate  in  1890; 
engaged  in  the  practice  of  law  in  Princess  Anne, 
Md.;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Fifty-third  Con- 
gress, and  served  from  March  4, 1893,  until  his  death 
in  Princess  Anne,  Md.,  May  10,  1894. 

Brawley,  William  H.,  a  Representative  from 
South  Carolina;  born  in  Chester,  S.  C.,  in  1841;  was 
graduated  from  South  Carolina  college  in  1860; 
served  in  the  Confederate  army;  lost  an  arm  in  the 
battle  of  Seven  Pines,  and  was  retired  from  service; 
studied  law,  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1866; 
solicitor  of  the  sixth  judicial  circuit  in  1868;  re- 
elected  in  1872,  and  in  1874;  resigned  and  moved  to 
Charleston,  where  he  practiced  law;  member  of  the 
legislature  of  South  Carolina  1882;  elected  as  a 
Democrat  to  the  Fifty-second  and  Fifty-third  Con- 
gresses, and  served  from  March  4,  1891,  until  Feb- 
ruary 18,  1894,  when  he  resigned;  appointed  a 
United  States  district  judge  in  1894. 

Braxton,  Carter,  a  Delegate  from  Virginia; 
born  in  Newington,  Va.,  September  10.  1736; 
was  graduated  from  William  and  Mary  college  in 
1755;  spent  three  years  in  England;  member  of 
the  yirginia  house  of  burgesses  1765;  member  of  the 
Virginia  conventions  1769,  and  1774-1775;  elected 
to  the  Continental  Congress  in  the  place  of  Peyton 
Randolph,  deceased,  December  15,  1775;  one  of 
the  signers  of  the  Declaration  of  Independence; 
served  until  August  11,  1776,  when  Virginia  re- 
duced her  representation  from  seven  to  five;  re- 
appointed  at  the  first  session  of  the  general  assem- 
bly of  Virginia  under  the  new  constitution,  and 
served  1777-1783,  and  again  in  1785;  member  of 
the  Virginia  council  of  state  1786-1791,  and  from 
1794,  until  his  death  in  Richmond,  Va.,  October 
10,  1797. 

Braxton,  Elliott  Muse,  a  Representative  from 
Virginia;  born  in  Matthews  county,  Va.,  October 
8,  1823;  attended  the  common  schools;  studied 
law.  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  began  practice 
in  Richmond,  Va.;  subsequently  removed  to  Rich- 
mond county,  and  was  elected  a  state  senator  in 
1851,  and  was  reelected  in  1853;  removed  to 
Fredericksburg  in  1860,  where  he  raised  a  com- 
pany for  the  Confederate  army,  and  was  its  cap- 
tain; commissioned  a  major,  and  served  on  the 
staff  of  Gen.  John  R.  Cooke;  member  of  the  com- 
mon council  of  Fredericksburg  in  1866;  elected  as  a 
Democrat  to  the  Forty-second  Congress  (March  4, 
1871-March3,1873);  died  in  Fredericksburg,  Va., 
October  2, 1891. 

Brayton,  William  Daniel,  a  Representative 
from  Rhode  Island;  born  in  Warwick,  Kent  county, 
R.  I.,  November  6,  1815;  spent  two  years  in  Brown 
University;  engaged  in  business;  town  clerk  for 
several  years,  and  member  of  the  town  council 
of  Warwick;  member  of  the  state  general  assembly 
in  1841,  and  1851,  and  of  the  state  senate  in  1848, 
and  1853;  major  of  the  fourth  regiment  Rhode 
Island  militia  in  the  Dorr  rebellion,  so  called; 
presidential  elector  on  the  Fremont  ticket  in 
1856:  elected  as  an  American  Republican  to  the 


496 


CONGRESSIONAL    DIRECTOEY. 


Thirty-fifth  and  Thirty-sixth  Congresses  (March  4, 
1857-March  3, 1861) ;  appointed  collector  of  internal 
revenue  for  the  second  district  of  Rhode  Island 
in  1862,  and  served  until  1871,  when  he  resigned; 
member  of  the  Union  National  Republican  con- 
vention in  Philadelphia  in  1872;  died  in  Provi- 
dence, R.  I.,  June  30,  1887;  interment  in  the  Bray- 
ton  cemetery,  Apponaug,  R.  I. 

Breazeale,  Phanor,  a  Representative  from 
Louisiana;  born  in  Natchitoches  parish,  La., 
December  29,  1858 ;  lived  on  a  plantation;  attended 
private  school;  moved  to  Natchitoches,  La.,  in 
1877;  studied  law,  and  secured  a  clerkship  in  the 
supreme  court  of  the  state;  was  graduated  from 
Tulane  university  May  11,  1881 ;  practiced  law  and 
edited  a  newspaper  in  Natchitoches;  district 
attorney  of  the  tenth  judicial  district  in  1892, 
and  reelected  in  1896;  member  of  the  constitu- 
tional convention  of  1898;  elected  as  a  Democrat 
to  the  Fifty-sixth,  Fifty-seventh,  and  Fifty- 
eighth  Congresses  (March  4,  1899-March  3,  1905); 
resumed  the  practice  of  law  in  Natchitoches,  La.; 
appointed  in  October,  1908,  member  of  a  commis- 
sion to  codify  the  criminal  laws  of  Louisiana,  and  to 
prepare  a  code  of  criminal  procedure. 

Breck,  Daniel,  a  Representative  from  Ken- 
tucky; born  in  Topsfield,  Mass.,  February  12, 
1788;  was  graduated  from  Dartmouth  college  in 
1813;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and 
commenced  practice  in  Richmond,  Ky.,  in  1814; 
judge  of  the  Richmond  county  court;  member  of 
the  state  house  of  representatives  1824-1829 ;  presi- 
ent  of  the  Richmond  branch  of  the  State  Bank  of 
Kentucky  1835-1843;  judge  of  the  supreme  court 
of  Kentucky  1843-1849;  elected  as  a  Whig  to  the 
Thirty-first  Congress  (March  4,  1849-March  3, 1851); 
resumed  duties  as  president  of  the  Richmond 
branch  of  the  State  Bank;  died  in  Richmond,  Ky., 
February  4,  1871. 

Breck,  Samuel,  a  Representative  from  Penn- 
sylvania; born  in  Boston  July  17,  1771;  attended 
the  Royal  military  school  of  Loreze,  in  the  south 
of  France;  established  himself  in  business  in 
Philadelphia  in  1792;  member  of  the  state  legis- 
lature for  several  years;  elected  as  a  Federalist  to 
the  Eighteenth  Congress  (March  4,  1823-March  3, 
1825);  died  in  Philadelphia,  Pa.,  September  1, 
1862. 

Breckenridge,  Henry  M.,  a  Representative 
from  Pennsylvania;  was  elected  as  a  Whig  to  the 
Twenty-sixth  Congress,  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by 
the  resignation  of  Richard  Biddle,  and  serving 
from  December  10,  1840,  to  March  3,  1841. 

Breckenridge,  James,  a  Representative  from 
Virginia;  born  near  Fincastle,  Augusta  county,  Va., 
March  7,  1763;  took  part  in  the  Revolutionary  war; 
served  in  Colonel  Preston's  rifle  regiment  under 
General  Greene;  was  graduated  from  William  and 
Mary  college  in  1785;  studied  law,  Avas  admitted 
to  the  bar,  and  practiced  in  Fincastle;  member  of 
the  state  general  assembly  for  several  years,  and 
took  a  special  interest  in  the  construction  of  the 
Chesapeake  &  Ohio  canal,  and  in  the  establishment 
of  the  University  of  Virginia;  was  a  brigadier  gen- 
eral in  the  War  of  1812;  elected  to  the  Eleventh, 
Twelfth,  Thirteenth,  and  Fourteenth  Congresses, 
and  served  from  March  4,  1809,  to  March  3,  1817; 
died  in  Grove  Hill,  Botetourt  county,  Va.,  May 
13,  1833. 

Breckenridge,  James  D.,  a  Representative 
from  Kentucky;  bom  in  Jefferson  county,  Ky.; 


elected  to  the  Seventeenth  Congress,  and  served 
from  March  4,  1821,  to  March  3, 1823;  died  in  Louis- 
ville, Ky.,  in  May,  1849. 

Breckinridge,  Clifton  Rodes,  a  Representa- 
tive from  Arkansas;  born  near  Lexington,  Ky., 
November  22,  1846;  attended  the  common  schools; 
served  in  the  Confederate  army,  and  was  a  mid- 
shipman in  the  Navy;  after  the  war  he  attended 
Washington  college,  Virginia,  three  years;  located 
in  Pine  Bluff,  Ark. ;  was  elected  as  a  Democrat  to 
the  Forty-eighth,  Forty-ninth,  and  Fiftieth  Con- 
gresses; claimed  to  have  been  elected  to  the  Fifty- 
first  Congress,  and  was  seated  upon  his  credentials; 
election  was  contested  by  John  M.  Clayton,  who 
was  declared  to  have  been  elected  by  resolution  of 
September  5,  1890.  As  Mr.  Clayton  died  during 
the  pendency  of  the  contest,  the  seat  was  declared 
vacant  on  the  date  given;  was  reelected  to  the 
Fifty-first  Congress,  to  fill  the  vacancy  caused  by 
Mr.  Clayton's  death,  and  took  his  seat  December 
1,  1890;  reelected  to  the  Fifty-second  and  Fifty- 
third  Congresses,  and  served  from  March  4, 1891,  to 
August  14,  1894,  when  he  resigned;  was  appointed 
minister  to  Russia  by  President  Cleveland,  and 
served  until  1897,  when  he  returned  to  Pine  Bluff, 
Ark.;  from  June,  1900,  to  July,  1905,  was  a  member 
of  the  so-called  Dawes  Commission,  engaged  in 
distributing  the  estates  of  the  Five  Civilized  Tribes 
of  Indians  in  the  then  Indian  Territory;  engaged 
in  banking  in  Fort  Smith,  Ark. 

Breckinridge,  John,  a  Senator  from  Kentucky; 
born  in  Augusta  county,  Va.,  December  2,  1760; 
attended  William  and  Mary  college  1778-1780; 
studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  prac- 
ticed; member  of  the  general  assembly  of  Virginia; 
moved  to  Lexington,  Ky.,  where  he  held  several 
public  offices,  including  attorney  general  of  Ken- 
tucky 1795,  and  member  of  the  legislature  1797- 
1800;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  United  States 
Senate,  and  served  from  March  4,  1801,  until 
August  7,  1805,  when  he  resigned  to  accept  the 
position  of  Attorney  General  of  the  United  States 
under  President  Jefferson,  and  served  until  his 
death  in  Lexington,  Ky.,  December  14,  1806. 

Breckinridge,  John  Cabell,  a  Representative 
and  a  Senator  from  Kentucky;  born  near  Lexington, 
Ky.,  January  21,  1821;  attended  Center  college; 
studied  law  in  the  Transylvania  institute,  and  was 
admitted  to  the  bar;  moved  to  Burlington,  Iowa,  but 
soon  returned,  and  began  practice  in  Lexington; 
major  of  the  third  Kentucky  volunteers  in  the 
Mexican  war;  member  of  the  state  legislature; 
elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Thirty-second  and 
Thirty-third  Congresses  (March  4,  1851-March  3, 
1855) ;  elected  Vice  President  of  the  United  States  in 
1856;  defeated  as  a  candidate  for  President  in  1860 
by  Abraham  Lincoln;  elected  to  the  United  States 
Senate  to  succeed  John  J.  Crittenden,  Whig,  for 
the  term  beginning  March  4,  1861;  expelled  De- 
cember 4,  1861;  entered  the  Confederate  army  as 
brigadier  general,  and  became  a  major  general;  sec- 
retary of  war  of  the  Confederacy  from  January  to 
the  fall  of  the  Confederacy  in  April,  1865;  died  in 
Lexington,  Ky.,  May  17,  1875. 

Breckinridge,  William  Campbell  Preston,  a 
Representative  from  Kentucky;  born  near  Balti- 
more, Md.,  August  28;  1837;  was  graduated  from 
Center  college,  Danville,  Ky.,  April  26,  1855,  and 
from  the  law  department  of  the  University  of 
Louisville,  February  27,  1857;  entered  the  Con- 
federate army  in  1861  as  a  captain  of  cavalry;  pro- 
moted to  a  colonelcy,  and  in  command  of  the  ninth 


BIOGKAPHIES. 


497 


Kentucky  cavalry  up  to  the  close  of  the  war; 
was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  practiced ;  elected  as  a 
Democrat  to  the  Forty-ninth,  Fiftieth,  Fifty-first, 
Fifty -second,  and  Fifty-third  Congresses  (March  4, 
1885-March  3,  1895);  defeated  for  election  to  the 
two  succeeding  Congresses;  died  in  Lexington,  Ky., 
November  19,  1904. 

Breese,  Sidney,  a  Senator  from  Illinois;  born 
in  Whitesboro,  N.  Y.,  July  15,  1800;  attended 
Hamilton  college,  and  was  graduated  from  Union 
college;  moved  to  Illinois;  studied  law,  was  ad- 
mitted to  the  bar,  and  commenced  practice  in  Kas- 
kaskia  in  1820;  appointed  postmaster  of  Kaskaskia 
in  1821,  prosecuting  attorney  in  1822,  and  United 
States  district  attorney  in  1827 ;  held  several  com- 
missions in  the  militia,  and  served  as  a  lieutenant  of 
volunteers  in  the  Black  Hawk  war;  elected  circuit 
judge  in  1835;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  United 
States  Senate,  and  served  from  March  4,  1843,  to 
March  3,  1849;  member  of  the  state  house  of  rep- 
resentatives, and  speaker  in  1850;  judge  of  the  cir- 
cuit court  of  Illinois  in  1855,  and  its  chief  justice  in 
1873;  died  in  Pinkneyville,  111.,  June  28,  1878;  in- 
terment in  Carlyle,  111. 

Breitung,  Edward,  a  Representative  from 
Michigan;  born  in  the  city  of  Schalkau,  Germany, 
November  10,  1831;  attended  the  college  of  Mein- 
ingen,  in  Germany;  came  to  the  United  States,  and 
settled  in  Michigan;  elected  mayor  of  Negaunee 
in  1879,  1880,  and  1882;  member  of  the  state  house 
of  representatives,  and  resigned  in  1873;  state  sena- 
tor 1877-1878 ;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Forty- 
eighth  Congress  (March  4,  1883-March3, 1885);  died 
in  Negaunee,  Mich.,  March  3,  1887. 

Brengle,  Francis,  a  Representative  from  Mary- 
land; born  in  Frederick,  Md.,  November  26,  1807; 
completed  academic  studies;  studied  law;  was  ad- 
mitted to  the  bar,  and  practiced  in  Frederick,  Md.; 
elected  as  a  Whig  to  the  Twenty -eighth  Congress 
(March  4,  1843-March  3,  1845);  died  in  Frederick, 
Md.,  October  10,  1846. 

Brenner,  John  Lewis,  a  Representative  from 
Ohio;  born  in  Wayne  township,  Montgomery 
county,  Ohio,  February  2,  1832;  attended  common 
schools,  and  the  Springfield  (Ohio)  academy ;  moved 
to  Dayton,  Ohio,  in  1866;  police  commissioner 
1885-1887;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Fifty-fifth 
and  Fifty-sixth  Congresses  (March  4,  1897-March  3, 
1901);  died  in  Dayton,  Ohio,  November  1,  1906. 

Brent,  Richard,  a  Representative  and  a 
Senator  from  Virginia;  born  in  Virginia;  elected  to 
the  Fourth  and  Fifth  Congresses  (March  4,  1795- 
March  3,  1799) ;  reelected  to  the  Seventh  Congress 
(March  4,  1801-March  3,  1803);  elected  to  the 
United  States  Senate,  and  served  from  March  4, 
1809,  until  his  death  in  Washington,  D.  C.  De- 
cember 30,  1814. 

Brent,  William  Leigh,  a  Representative  from 
Louisiana;  born  in  Port  Tobacco,  Charles  county, 
Md.,  February  20,  1774;  studied  law,  was  admitted 
to  the  bar,  moved  to  Louisiana,  and  practiced; 
elected  as  a  Whig  to  the  Eighteenth,  Nineteenth, 
and  Twentieth  Congresses  (March  4, 1823^-March  3, 
1829);  practiced  law  in  Washington,  D.  C.,  and  in 
Louisiana;  died  in  St.  Martinsville,  La.,  Julv  7 
1848. 

Brentano,  Lorenzo,  a  Representative  from 
Illinois;  born  in  Mannheim,  Grand  Duchy  of  Baden, 
Germany,  November  4,  1813;  studied  jurisprudence 
in  the  universities  of  Heidelberg  and  Freiburg,  and 

50346°— S.  Doc.  654,  61-2 32 


was  graduated;  practiced  before  the  supreme 
court  of  Baden;  elected  to  the  Chamber  of  Deputies 
and,  in  1848,  to  the  Frankfort  parliament;  president 
of  the  provisional  republican  government  estab- 
lished by  the  revolutionists  of  1849;  sentenced  to 
imprisonment  for  life  after  the  failure  of  the  revolu- 
tion, but  sought  refuge  in  the  United  States;  settled 
in  Kalamazoo  county,  Mich.,  and  became  a  farmer; 
removed  to  Chicago  in  1859,  and  was  admitted  to 
the  bar;  became  editor  in  chief  and  principal  pro- 
prietor of  the  Illinois  Staats-Zeitung;  member  of 
the  state  legislature  in  1862 ;  president  of  the  Chicago 
board  of  education  for  five  years;  presidential 
elector  on  the  Grant  and  Colfax  ticket  in  1868;  in 
1872  appointed  United  States  consul  at  Dresden, 
and  served  until  April,  1876;  elected  as  a  Republi- 
can to  the  Forty-fifth  Congress  (March  4,  1877- 
March  3,  1879;  died  in  Chicago,  111.,  September 
18,  1891. 

Brenton,  Samuel,  a  Representative  from 
Indiana;  born  in  Gallatin  county,  Ky.,  November 
22,  1810;  minister  of  the  gospel  1830-1848;  suffered 
a  paralytic  stroke  in  1848,  and  compelled  to 
abandon  the  ministry;  appointed  registrar  of  the 
land  office  in  Fort  Wayne,  Ind.,  1848;  elected  as 
a  WTiig  to  the  Thirty-second  Congress  (March  4, 
1851-March  3,  1853);  elected  as  a  Republican  to 
the  Thirty-fourth  and  Thirty-fifth  Congresses,  and 
served  from  March  4,  1855,  until  his  death  in  Fort 
Wayne,  Ind.,  March  29,  1857. 

Brents,  Thomas-  Hurley,  a  Delegate  from  the 
Territory  of  Washington;  born  near  Florence,  Pike 
county,  111.,  December  24, 1840;  attended  the  com- 
mon schools,  and  the  Portland  academy,  Baptist 
seminary  of  Oregon  City,  and  McMinnville  college, 
in  Oregon;  justice  of  the  peace,  postmaster  of 
Canyon  City,  Oreg.,  county  clerk  of  Grant  county, 
Oreg.,  and  member  of  the  state  legislature;  moved 
to  the  Territory  of  Washington,  and  located  in 
Walla  Walla;  elected  as  a  Republican  a  Delegate  to 
the  Forty-sixth,  Forty-seventh,  and  Forty-eighth 
Congresses  (March  4,  1879-March3,  1885);  resumed 
the  practice  of  law;  moved  to  Walla  Walla,  Wash.; 
elected  superior  court  judge,  and  served  on  this 
bench  for  upwards  of  fifteen  years. 

Bretz,  John  Lewis,  a  Representative  from 
Indiana;  born  near  Huntingburg,  Dubois  county, 
Ind.,  September  21,  1852;  attended  the  country 
schools,  and  Huntingburg  high  school;  taught 
school  three  years;  read  law,  and  was  graduated 
from  the  Cincinnati  law  school  in  1880;  located  in 
Jasper,  Ind.,  the  same  year;  elected  prosecuting 
attorney  of  the  eleventh  judicial  circuit  in  1884, 
1886,  and  1888;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Fifty- 
second  and  Fifty-third  Congresses  (March  4,  1891- 
March  3, 1895) ;  judge  of  the  circuit  court  1895-1909, 
with  residence  in  Jasper,  Ind. 

Brevard,  Joseph,  a  Representative  from  South 
Carolina;  born  in  Mecklenburg  county,  N.  C., 
July  19,  1766;  entered  the  Revolutionary  army  as 
lieutenant  in  1782,  and  served  throughout  the  war; 
moved  to  Camden,  S.  C.;  sheriff  of  that  district 
1789-1791;  commissioner  in  equity  October  14, 
1791;  admitted  to  the  bar  February  11,  1792; 
elected  judge  December  17,  1801,  and  resigned 
December,  1815;  elected  to  the  Sixteenth  Congress 
(March  4,  1819-March  3,  1821);  died  in  Camden, 
S.  C.,  October  11,  1821. 

Brewer,  Francis  Beattie,  a  Representative 
from  New  York;  born  in  Keene,  N.  H.,  October  8, 
1820;  attended  the  public  schools,  and  was  grad- 
uated from  Dartmouth  college  in  1843;  also  grad- 


498 


CONGRESSIONAL   DIRECTORY. 


uated  from  the  medical  department  of  the  same 
institution  in  1846;  practiced  medicine  in  Ver- 
mont, Massachusetts,  and  in  Titusville,  Pa.,  in 
1851;  pioneer  oil  operator;  removed  to  Westfield, 
N.  Y.,  in  1861,  and  engaged  in  banking,  manufac- 
turing, and  farming;  state  military  agent  during  the 
Civil  war;  elected  to  the  state  legislature  in  1873 
and  1874;  Government  director  of  the  Union  Pacific 
Railroad  four  years  under  Presidents  Grant  and 
Hayes;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Forty-eighth 
Congress  (March  4,  1883-March  3,  1885);  died  in 
Westfield,  N.  Y.,  July  29,  1892. 

Brewer,  J.  Hart,  a  Representative  from  New 
Jersey;  born  in  Hunterdon  county,  N.  J.,  March 
29,  1844;  attended  the  Delaware  literary  institu- 
tion, Franklin,  Delaware  county,  N.  Y.;  manufac- 
turer of  pottery;  elected  a  member  of  the  New 
Jersey  house  of  assembly  in  1876;  elected  as  a 
Republican  to  the  Forty-seventh  and  Forty-eighth 
Congresses  (March  4,  1881-March  3,  1885);  ap- 
pointed assistant  appraiser  of  merchandise  of  the 
port  of  New  York. 

Brewer,  Mark  Spencer,  a  Representative  from 
Michigan;  born  in  Addison,  Oakland  county,  Mich., 
October  22,  1837;  attended  Romeo  and  Oxford 
academies;  commenced  reading  law  in  1861,  and 
in  1864  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  Pontiac,  and 
practiced ;  circuit  court  commissioner  for  Oakland 
county  1866-1869;  city  attorney  of  Pontiac  in  1866, 
and  1867;  elected  to  the  state  senate  of  Michigan 
in  1872,  and  served  two  years';  elected  as  a  Repub- 
lican to  the  Forty-fifth,  Forty-sixth,  Fiftieth,  and 
Fifty-first  Congresses  and  served  from  March  4, 
1877,  to  March  3,  1881,  and  from  March  4,  1887,  to 
March  3,  1891;  appointed  consul  general  to  Berlin 
by  President  Garfield  in  1881,  and  served  four  years; 
appointed  a  civil-service  commissioner  by  Presi- 
dent McKinley,  and  served  until  his  death  in 
Washington,  D.  C.,  March  18,  1901;  interment  in 
Pontiac,  Mich. 

Brewer,  Willis,  a  Representative  from  Ala- 
bama; entered  the  military  service  of  the  Con- 
federacy at  the  age  of  eighteen  years;  journalist; 
practiced  law;  planter;  in  1871  county  treasurer  of 
Lowndes;  state  auditor  1876-1880;  state  legislator 
1880-1882;  state  senator  1882-1890;  state  legislator 
1890-1894;  state  senator  from  1894  until  he  resigned 
in  1897 ;  elector  for  the  state  at  large  on  the  Demo- 
cratic ticket  in  1892 ;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the 
Fifty-fifth  and  Fifty-sixth  Congresses  (March  4, 
1897-March3,  1901). 

Brewster,  David  P.,  a  Representative  from 
New  York;  born  in  the  state  of  New  York,  June  15, 
1801;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and 
practiced  in  Oswego,  N.  Y.;  appointed  district 
attorney  of  Oswego  county  in  1829,  elected  county 
judge  in  1883 ;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Twenty- 
sixth  and  Twenty-seventh  Congresses  (March  4, 
1839-March  3, 1843);  postmaster  of  Oswego,  N.  Y., 
1845-1849;  died  in  Oswego,  N.  Y.,  February  20, 
1876. 

Brewster,  Henry  Colvin,  a  Representative 
from  New  York;  born  in  Rochester,  N.  Y.,  Septem- 
ber 7,  1845;  attended  the  schools  of  that  city;  en- 
tered the  Traders'  National  bank  as  a  clerk  in  1863; 
in  1868  appointed  cashier,  a  position  he  held  for 
more  than  twenty-six  years;  president  of  the  same 
bank;  vice  president  of  the  New  York  state  league 
of  Republican  clubs,  and  president  of  the  Monroe 
county  league;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the 
Fifty-fourth  and  Fifty-fifth  Congresses  (March  4, 


1895-March  3, 1899);  a  resident  of  Rochester,  N.  Y., 
and  interested  in  banking. 

Brice,  Calvin  Stewart,  a  Senator  from  Ohio; 
born  in  Denmark,  Ohio,  September  17,  1845; 
attended  Miami  university  in  Oxford;  enlisted  in 
Captain  Dodd's  university  company  April,  1861, 
and  served  in  West  Virginia;  was- graduated  from 
Miami  university  June,  1863;  recruited  a  company, 
reentered  the  service  as  captain  of  company  E, 
one  hundred  and  eightieth  Ohio  volunteer  in- 
fantry, and  served  until  July,  1865;  attained  the 
rank  of  lieutenant  colonel;  studied  law  in  the 
University  of  Michigan,  in  Ann  Arbor;  admitted 
to  practice  in  Cincinnati  in  1866;  on  the  Tilden 
electoral  ticket  in  1876,  and  the  Cleveland  elec- 
toral ticket  in  1884;  delegate  at  large  from  Ohio 
in  the  St.  Louis  Democratic  national  convention 
in  1888;  selected  to  represent  Ohio  on  the  Demo- 
cratic national  committee,  and  chairman  of  the 
campaign  committee  on  the  death  of  William  H. 
Barnum;  chairman  of  the  national  committee  in 
1889;  in  January,  1890,  elected  to  the  United 
States  Senate,  and  served  from  March  4,  1891,  to 
March  3,  1897;  died  in  New  York  City,  December 
15,  1898. 

Brick,  Abraham  Lincoln,  a  Representative 
from  Indiana;  born  in  St.  Joseph  county,  Ind., 
May  27,  1860;  attended  common  schools,  and  was 
graduated  from  the  South  Bend  high  school,  and 
later  attended  Cornell,  Yale,  and  Michigan  uni- 
versities, and  was  graduated  from  the  law  depart- 
ment of  Michigan  university  in  1883;  practiced  in 
South  Bend ;  elected  prosecutor  for  the  counties  of 
St.  Joseph  and  Laporte  in  1886;  elected  as  a  Repub- 
lican to  the  Fifty-sixth,  Fifty-seventh,  Fifty- 
eighth,  Fifty-ninth,  and  Sixtieth  Congresses,  and 
served  from  March  4,  1899,  until  his  death  in 
Indianapolis,  Ind.,  April  7,  1908. 

Brickner,  George  H.,  a  Representative  from 
Wisconsin;  born  in  Bavaria,  Germany,  January  21, 
1834;  came  to  Ohio  in  1840;  attended  the  com- 
mon schools;  woolen  manufacturer;  elected  as  a 
Democrat  to  the  Fifty-first,  Fifty -second,  and  Fifty- 
third  Congresses,  and  served  from  March  4,  1889, 
until  his  death  in  Sheboygan  Falls,  Wis.,  August  12, 
1904. 

Bridges,  George  Washington,  a  Representa- 
tive from  Tennessee;  born  in  Charleston,  Bradley 
county,  Tenn.,  October  9,  1824;  attended  the  East 
Tennessee  university;  studied  law,  was  admitted 
to  the  bar,  and  practiced;  also  engaged  in  agricul- 
tural pursuits;  attorney  general  of  Tennessee  1849- 
1860;  elected  as  a  Unionist  in  August,  1861,  to  the 
Thirty-seventh  Congress;  raised  a  regiment  for  the 
Union  army,  the  tenth  Tennessee  cavalry;  com- 
missioned captain  of  the  first  company  raised,  and 
was  commissioned  lieutenant  colonel,  and  later 
colonel;  was  arrested  on  his  way  to  Washington, 
taken  back,  and  held  over  a  year  a  prisoner  in  Ten- 
nessee; succeeded  in  escaping,  and  was  admitted  to 
his  seat  in  the  house  February  23,  1863,  and  served 
until  March  3,  1863;  was  elected  circuit  judge  of 
the  fourth  judicial  district  of  Tennessee  in  1866; 
died  in  Athens,  Tenn.,  March  1C,  1873. 

Bridges,  Samuel  Augustus,  a  Representative 
from  Pennsylvania;  born  in  Colchester,  Conn., 
January  27,  1802;  was  graduated  from  Williams  col- 
lege in  1826;  in  October  of  the  same  year  moved 
to  Pennsylvania;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to 
the  bar  in  1829.  and  practiced  in  Doylestown ;  moved 
to  Allen  town,  Pa.,  in  March,  1830,  where  he  con- 
tinued the  practice  of  law;  deputy  attorney  gen- 


BIOGEAPHIES. 


499 


eral  of  the  state  for  seven  years  for  Lehigh  county; 
delegate  in  the  Democratic  state  convention,  of 
1841;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Thirtieth 
Congress  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  the  death  of 
John  W.  Hombeck,  and  served  from  March  6, 1848, 
to  March  3  1849;  elected  to  the  Thirty-third  Con- 
gress (March  4,  1853-March  3,  1855);  again  elected 
to  the  Forty-fifth  Congress  (March  4, 1877-March  3, 
1879);  died  in  Allen  town,  Pa.,  January  14,  1884. 

Briggs,  Frank  Obadiah,  a  Senator  from  New 
Jersey;  born  in  Concord,  N.  H.,  August  12,  1851; 
was  a  student  in  Phillip's  Exeter  academy,  and  was 
graduated  from  West  Point  in  1872;  served  in  the 
second  United  States  infantry  as  second  lieutenant 
until  1877,  when  he  became  associated  with  the 
firm  of  John  A.  Roebling's  Sons  Co. ;  elected  mayor 
of  Trenton  April  11, 1899,  and  served  until  January 
1,  1902;  appointed  state  treasurer  January  3,  1902; 
and  was  elected  by  a  joint  meeting  of  the  legisla- 
ture for  a  full  term  of  three  years,  and  reelected 
in  1905;  elected  chairman  of  the  Republican  state 
committee  in  1904;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the 
United  States  Senate  February  5, 1907,  for  the  term 
commencing  March  4,  1907. 

Briggs,  George,  a  Representative  from  New 
York;  born  in  Fulton  county,  N.  Y.,  May  6,  1805; 
moved  to  Vermont  in  1812  and  attended  the  public 
schools;  engaged  in  business;  elected  to  the  state 
house  of  representatives  in  1837;  took  up  his  resi- 
dence in  New  York  City  in  1838,  and  was  a  dealer  in 
hardware;  elected  as  a  Whig  to  the  Thirty-first  and 
Thirty-second  Congresses  (March  4,  1849-March  3, 
1853);  elected  as  an  American  to  the  Thirty -sixth 
Congress  (March  4,  1859-March  3,  1861);  in  1866 
delegate  in  the  Union  national  convention  in  Phila- 
delphia; died  in  Saratoga,  N.  Y.,  June  1,  1869. 

Briggs,  George  Nixon,  a  Representative  from 
Massachusetts;  born  in  North  Adams,  Mass.,  April 
13,  1796;  attended  the  public  schools;  apprenticed 
to  a  hatter;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar, 
and  practiced  in  Pittsfield;  register  of  deeds  for 
Berkshire  county  1824-1831;  elected  as  a  Whig  to 
the  Twenty-second,  Twenty-third,  Twenty-fourth, 
Twenty-fifth,  Twenty-sixth,  and  Twenty-seventh 
Congresses  (March  4,  1831-March  3, 1843);  governor 
of  Massachusetts  1844-1851;  member  of  the  state 
constitutional  convention  of  1853;  judge  of  the 
court  of  common  pleas  1851-1856;  in  1861  appoint- 
ed one  of  a  commission  to  adjust  differences  be- 
tween the  United  States  and  New  Grenada;  acci- 
dentally killed  in  Pittsfield,  Mass.,  September  12, 
1861. 

Briggs,  James  Franklin,  a  Representative 
from  New  Hampshire;  born  in  Bury,  Lancashire, 
England,  October  23,  1827;  came  to  the  United 
States,  and  located  in  New  Hampshire;  attended 
the  common  school,  and  an  academy;  studied  law, 
was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1851,  and  practiced  in 
Hillsboro,  N.  II.,  until  1871;  moved  to  Manches- 
ter; elected  a  member  of  the  state  legislature  in 
1856,  ]857,  1858,  and  1874;  member  of  the  state 
senate  in  1876;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the 
Forty-fifth,  Forty-sixth,  and  Forty-seventh  Con- 
gresses (March  4,  1877-March  3,  1883);  elected  to 
the  state  legislature  in  1883,  1891,  and  1897,  and 
served  the  latter  year  as  speaker  of  the  house; 
member  of  the  state  constitutional  convention  in 
1889;  died  in  Manchester,  N.  H.,  January  21,  1905. 

Brigham,  Elijah,  a  Representative  from  Massa- 
chusetts; born  in  Northboro  (then  Westboro), 
Mass.,  July  7,  1751;  was  graduated  from  Dartmouth 
college  in  1778;  studied  law,  but  did  not  prac- 


tice; engaged  in  business  at  Westboro;  member 
state  house  of  representatives  1791-1793;  jus- 
tice of  the  court  of  common  pleas  1795-1811; 
state  senator  1796,  1798,  1801-1805,  1807-1810; 
state  councillor  1799,  1800,  and  1806;  elected 
to  the  Twelfth,  Thirteenth,  and  Fourteenth  Con- 
gresses as  a  Federalist,  and  served  from  March  4, 
1811,  until  his  death  in  Washington,  D.  C.,  Febru- 
ary 2,  1816. 

Brigham,  Lewis  Alexander,  a  Representa- 
tive from  New  Jersey;  born  in  New  York  Mills, 
Oneida  county,  N.  Y.,  January  2,  1831;  was 
graduated  from  Hamilton  college  in  1849;  studied 
law,  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1855;  super- 
intendent of  public  schools  of  the  city  of  Bergen, 
N.  J.,  1866-1870;  member  of  the  board  of  police 
commissioners  of  Jersey  City  1874-1876;  elected  a 
member  of  the  legislature  of  New  Jersey  in  1877; 
elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Forty-sixth  Con- 
gress (March  4,  1879-March  3,  1881);  died  in 
Jersey  City,  N.  J.,  February  19,  1885. 

Bright,  Jesse  David,  a  Senator  from  Indiana- 
born  in  Norwich,  N.  Y.,  December  18, 1812;  moved 
with  his  parents  to  Indiana  in  1820;  attended  the 
public  schools;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the 
bar  in  1831,  and  practiced  in  Madison,  Ind.; 
elected  judge  of  the  probate  court  of  Jefferson 
county  in  1834;  member  of  the  state  house  of  rep- 
resentatives in  1836;  United  States  marshal  for  the 
district  of  Indiana;  elected  lieutenant  governor 
of  Indiana  in  1841;  elected  as  a  Democrat,  to  the 
United  States  Senate  to  succeed  Albert  S.  White, 
Whig,  and  twice  reelected;  served  from  March  4, 
1845,  to  February  5,  1862,  when  he  was  expelled 
for  having,  in  a  letter  to  Jefferson  Davis,  recognized 
him  as  "President  of  the  Confederate  States";  was 
elected  President  of  the  Senate  pro  tempore  De- 
cember 5,  1854,  June  11,  1856,  and  June  12,  1860; 
moved  to  Carrollton,  and  then  to  Covington,  Ky.; 
member  of  the  state  legislature  in  1866;  chosen 
president  of  the  Raymond  City  Coal  Co.  in  1871; 
went  to  Baltimore  in  1874,  still  retaining  his' con- 
nection with  coal  company;  died  in  Baltimore, 
Md.,  May  20,  1875. 

Bright,  John  Morgan,  a  Representative  from 
Tennessee;  born  in  Fayetteville,  Tenn.,  January 
20,  1817;  attended  schools  of  Fayetteville,  and 
Bingham's  school,  Hillsboro,  N.  C.,  and  was  grad- 
uated from  Nashville  university,  Tennessee,  in 
September,  1839,  and  from  the  law  department 
of  Transylvania  university,  Lexington,  Ky.,  in 
March,  1841;  practiced  law;  member  of  the  legis- 
lature of  Tennessee  1847-1848;  elected  as  a  Demo- 
crat to  the  Forty-second,  Forty-third,  Forty-fourth, 
Forty-fifth,  and  Fortv-sixth  Congresses  (March  4, 
1871-March  3,  1881) ;" died  in  Fayetteville,  Tenn., 
October  2,  1911. 

Brinkerhoff ,  Henry  Roelif,  a  Representative 
from  Ohio;  born  in  Adams  county,  Pa.,  Septem- 
ber 23,  1787;  moved  with  his  parents  to  Cayuga 
county,  N.  Y.;  commanded  a  company  of  militia 
in  the  War  of  1812,  distinguishing  himself  in  the 
battle  of  Queenstown  Heights;  twice  elected  a 
member  of  the  state  legislature;  senior  major  gen- 
eral of  the  New  York  state  militia  in  1824;  removed 
to  Huron  county,  Ohio,  in  1837;  elected  as  a 
Democrat  to  the  Twenty-eighth  Congress,  but  did 
not  take  his  seat;  died  in  Huron  county,  Ohio, 
April  30,  1844. 

Brinkerhoff,  Jacob,  a  Representative  from 
Ohio;  born  in  Cayuga  county,  N.  Y.,  August  31, 
1810;  moved  to  Plymouth,  Ohio;  elected  as  a 


500 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 


Democrat  to  the  Twenty-eighth  and  Twenty-ninth 
Congresses  (March  4,  1843-March  3,  1847);  prose- 
cuting attorney  of  Richland  county,  Ohio,  two 
terms;  in  October,  1855,  was  elected  a  justice  of 
the  supreme  court  of  Ohio,  and  served  three  terms 
of  five  years  each;  died  in  Mansfield,  Ohio,  July 
6,  1880. 

Brisbin,  John,  a  Representative  from  Pennsyl- 
vania; born  in  Sherburne.  Chenango  county,  N.  Y., 
July  13,  1818;  taught  school;  studied  law,  was 
admitted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced  practice  in 
Tunkhannock,  Pa.,  about  1843;  elected  as  a  Whig 
to  the  Thirty-first  Congress,  to  fill  vacancy  caused 
by  the  death  of  Chester  Butler,  and  served  from 
January  13,  1851,  to  March  3,  1851;  was  president 
of  the  Delaware,  Lackawanna  and  Western  Rail- 
way Company  for  seven  years;  died  in  Newark, 
N.  J.,  February  3,  1880. 

Bristow,  Francis  Marion,  a  Representative 
from  Kentucky;  born  in  Clark  county,  Ky., 
August  11,  1804;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the 
bar,  and  practiced;  member  of  the  state  house  of 
representatives  1831-1833,  and  of  the  state  senate 
in  1846;  member  of  the  state  constitutional  con- 
vention of  1849;  elected  as  a  Whig  to  the  Thirty- 
third  Congress,  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  the  death 
of  Presby  Ewing,  and  served  from  December  4, 
1854,  to  March  3, 1855;  again  elected  to  the  Thirty- 
sixth  Congress  (March  4,'l859-March  3, 1861);  died 
in  Elkton,  Ky.,  June  10,  1864. 

Bristow,  Henry,  a  Representative  from  New 
York;  born  June  5,  1840,  in  St.  Michael,  Azores  Is- 
lands; resided  in  Brooklyn,  N.  Y.,  since  childhood; 
attended  private  and  public  schools;  engaged  in 
business;  appointed  city  magistrate  in  1896;  as  a 
member  of  the  seventh  regiment,  National  guard, 
state  of  New  York,  went  to  the  front  twice  during 
the  Civil  war;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the 
Fifty-seventh  Congress  (March  4,  1901-March  3, 
1903) ;  appointed  public  administrator  of  Brooklyn, 
N.  Y.,  and  served  until  his  death  in  that  city, 
October  11,  1906. 

Bristow,  Joseph  Little,  a  Senator  from  Kan- 
sas; born  in  Wolf  county,  Ky.,  July  22,  1861; 
moved  with  his  father  to  Kansas  in  1873;  was  grad- 
uated from  Baker  university,  Baldwin,  Kans.,  in 
1886;  the  same  year  was  elected  clerk  of  the  dis- 
trict court  of  Douglas  county,  which  position  he 
held  four  years;  in  1890  bought  the  Salina,  Kans., 
Daily  Republican,  which  he  edited  for  five  years; 
in  1894  he  was  elected  secretary  of  the  Republican 
state  committee,  and  was  appointed  private  secre- 
tary to  Gov.  E.  N.  Merrill,  in  1895;  the  same  year 
he  sold  the  Salina  Republican,  and  bought  the 
Ottawa  (Kans.)  Herald,  which  he  owned  for  more 
than  ten  years;  was  again  elected  secretary  of  the 
Republican  state  committee  in  1898;  in  March, 
1897,  was  appointed  fourth  assistant  Postmaster 
General  by  President  McKinley;  in  1900,  under 
direction  of  the  President,  investigated  the  Cuban 
postal  frauds;  in  1903  purchased  the  Salina  Daily 
Republican -Journal;  in  1905  was  appointed  by 
President  Roosevelt  a  special  commissioner  of  the 
Panama  railroad ;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the 
United  States  Senate  for  the  term  beginning  March 
4,  1909. 

Broadhead,  James  Overton,  a  Representative 
from  Missouri;  born  in  Charlottesville,Va.,  May  29, 
1819;  attended  the  high  school  in  Albemarle 
county,  and  the  University  of  Virginia;  studied  law, 
was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  practiced;  elected  to 
the  Missouri  legislature  in  1846,  senator  1850-1854; 


member  of  the  constitutional  conventions  of  Mis- 
souri in  1861  and  1863,  which  deposed  the  insurgent 
legislature,  and  governed  the  state  of  Missouri  dur- 
ing two  years  of  the  war;  United  States  attorney 
for  the  eastern  district  of  Missouri  in  1861;  provo 
marshal  general  for  department  of  Missouri  in  1863; 
member  of  the  state  constitutional  convention  of 
1875;  president  American  bar  association  1878; 
elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Forty -eighth  Congress 
(March  4,  1883-March  3,  1885);  in  1885  appointed 
a  special  commissioner  on  French  spoliation  claims 
by  President  Cleveland;  minister  to  Switzerland 
1893-1897;  died  in  St.  Louis,  Mo.,  August  7, 1898. 

Brockenbrough,  William  H.,  a  Representa- 
tive from  Florida;  born  in  1813;  studied  law,  was 
admitted  to  the  bar,  and  settled  in  Tallahassee,  Fla. ; 
senator  under  the  territorial  government  and  United 
States  district  attorney;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to 
the  Twenty-ninth  Congress,  and  was  seated  after 
contesting  the  claims  of  Edward  C.  Cabell,  Janu- 
ary 24,  1846,  and  served  until  March  3, 1847;  died 
in  Tallahassee,  Fla.,  in  June,  1850. 

Brockway,  John  Hall,  a  Representative  from 
Connecticut;  born  in  Ellington,  Conn.,  January  31, 
1801;  was  graduated  from  Yale  college  in  1820; 
taught  school,  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar, 
and  practiced  in  Ellington;  member  of  the  state 
senate,  and  of  house  of  representatives  for  several 
terms;  elected  as  a  Whig  to  the  Twenty-sixth  and 
Twenty-seventh  Congresses  (March  4,  1839-March 
3,  1843);  died  in  Ellington,  Conn.,  July  29,  1870. 

Broderick,  Case,  a  Representative  from  Kan- 
sas; born  in  Grant  county,  Ind.,  September  23, 
1839;  attended  common  schools;  moved  to  Kansas 
in  the  fall  of  1858,  and  settled  in  Douglas  township, 
Jackson  county;  enlisted  in  Fort  Scott,  Kans.,  as  a 
private  in  the  second  Kansas  battery  in  1862,  and 
mustered  out  in  Leaven  worth  in  August,  1865; 
elected  probate  judge  of  Jackson  county  in  1868, 
and  twice  reelected ;  studied  law,  and  was  admitted 
to  the  bar  in  Holton  in:  1870 ;  elected  county  attorney 
of  Jackson  county  in  1876,  and  1878;  elected  state 
senator  in  1880;  in  March,  1884,  appointed  by  Presi- 
dent Arthur  associate  justice  of  the  supreme  court 
of  the  Territory  of  Idaho  for  the  term  of  four  years; 
took  up  his  residence  in  Boise,  and  served  until  the 
fall  of  1888,  when  he  returned  to  Holton,  and  re- 
sumed the  practice  of  law;  elected  as  a  Republican 
to  the  Fifty-second,  Fifty-third,  Fifty-fourth,  and 
Fifty-fifth  Congresses  (March  4, 1891-March  3, 1899); 
resumed  the  practice  of  law  in  Holton,  Kans. 

Broderick,  David  Colbreth,  a  Senator  from 
California;  born  in  Washington,  D.  C.,  February  4, 
1820,  his  father  having  emigrated  from  Ireland 
to  work  as  a  stonecutter  on  the  capitol;  moved  to 
New  York  in  1823;  attended  the  common  schools; 
removed  to  California  in  1849;  member  of  the 
constitutional  convention  of  California  in  1849; 
member  of  the  state  senate  in  1850,  and  1851,  and 
served  as  president  of  that  body  the  last  year; 
elected  to  the  United  States  Senate,  and  served 
from  March  4,  1857,  until  mortally  wounded  in  a 
duel  with  David  S.  Terry,  chief  justice  of  the 
supreme  court  of  California,  and  died  near  San 
Francisco,  Cal.,  September  16,  1859. 

Brodhead,  John,  a  Representative  from  New 
Hampshire ;  born  in  Lower  Smithfield,  Pa.,  October 
22,  1770;  moved  to  New  Hampshire  in  1796;  minis- 
ter of  the  Methodist  Episcopal  church  for  forty-four 
years;  chaplain  in  the  state  legislature  1817-1827: 
elected  to  the  Twenty-first  and  Twenty-second 


BIOGRAPHIES. 


501 


Congresses  (March  4,  1829-March  3, 1833);  died  in 
New  Market,  N.  H.,  April  7,  1838. 

Brodhead,  John  Curtis,  a  Representative  from 
New  York;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Twenty- 
second  Congress  (March  4,  1831-March  3, 1833),  and 
reelected  to  the  Twenty-fifth  Congress  (March  4, 
1837-March  3,  1839);  died  in  1871. 

Brodhead,  Joseph  Davis,  a  Representative 
from  Pennsylvania;  born  in  Easton,  Northampton 
county,  Pa.,  January  12,  1859;  admitted  to  the 
bar  in  1881,  and  practiced ;  elected  district  attorney 
of  Northampton  county  in  1889;  delegate  in  the 
Democratic  national  conventions  of  1892  and  1904; 
elected  to  the  Sixtieth  Congress  (March  4,  1907- 
March  3,  1909);  resumed  the  practice  of  law  in 
South  Bethlehem,  Pa. 

Brodhead,  Richard,  a  Representative  and  a 
Senator  from  Pennsylvania;  born  in  Pike  county, 
Pa.,  January  5,  1811;  was  graduated  from  Lafayette 
college,  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1836;  mem- 
ber of  state  legislature  in  1837;  treasurer  of  North- 
ampton county  in  1841 ;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to 
the  Twenty-eighth,  Twenty-ninth,  and  Thirtieth 
Congresses  (March  4,  1843-March  3,  1849);  elected 
to  the  United  States  Senate,  and  served  from 
March  4,  1851,  to  March  3,  1857;  died  in  Easton, 
Pa.,  September  16, 1863. 

Brogden,  Curtis  Hooks,  a  Representative  from 
North  Carolina;  born  in  Goldsboro,  Wayne  county, 
N .  C . ,  November  6, 1816 ;  pursued  academic  studies; 
member  of  the  state  legislature  1836-1856,  in  both 
branches;  comptroller  of  the  state  1857-1867;  mem- 
ber of  the  state  senate,  and  presidential  elector  in 
1868;  again  elected  to  the  state  senate  in  1870; 
appointed  collector  of  internal  revenue  in  1869; 
lieutenant  governor  in  1872,  and  became  governor 
on  the  death  of  Governor  Caldwell,  July  14,  1874; 
elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Forty-fifth  Congress 
(March  4,  1877-March  3,  1879);  again  elected  to  the 
state  legislature  in  1886;  represented  his  state  at 
the  Centennial  celebration  in  Philadelphia,  Pa., 
in  1876;  died  in  Goldsboro,  N.  C.,  January  5,  1901. 

Bromberg,  Frederick  George,  a  Repre- 
sentative from  Alabama;  born  in  New  York  City 
June  19,  1837;  moved  with  his  parents  to  Mobile, 
Ala.,  in  February,  1838;  was  graduated  from  Har- 
vard university  in  1858;  appointed  treasurer  of 
the  city  of  Mobile  in  July,  1867,  by  Maj.  Gen.  John 
Pope,  commanding  the  department,  and  served 
until  January  19, 1869;  member  of  the  state  senate 
of  Alabama  1868-1872;  in  July,  1869,  appointed 
postmaster  of  Mobile,  but  was  removed  in  June, 
1871;  elected  by  the  Liberal  Republicans  and 
Democrats  to  the  Forty- third  Congress  (March  4, 
1873-March  3,  1875);  president  Alabama  bar  asso- 
ciation 1906;  practicing  attorney  in  Mobile,  Ala. 

Bromwell,  Henry  Pelham  Holmes,  a  Repre- 
sentative from  Illinois;  born  in  Baltimore,  Md., 
August  26,  1823;  moved  to  Illinois,  where  he 
studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  practiced ; 
published  and  edited  the  Vandalian  Age  of  Steam 
and  Fire;  presidential  elector  from  Illinois  in  1860; 
elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Thirty-ninth  and 
Fortieth  Congresses  (March  4,  1865-March  3,  1869); 
took  up  his  residence  in  Denver,  Colo.,  in  1880, 
and  engaged  in  the  practice  of  law;  died  in  Denver, 
Colo.,  January  9,  1903. 

Bromwell,  Jacob  Henry,  a  Representative 
from  Ohio;  born  in  Cincinnati,  Ohio,  May  11,  1847; 
attended  the  public  schools  of  Cincinnati,  and  was 


graduated  from  Hughes's  high  school  in  1864; 
taught  in  the  Cincinnati  high  schools  for  seventeen 
years;  was  graduated  from  the  Cincinnati  law  col- 
lege in  1870;  assistant  county  solicitor  of  Hamilton 
county  for  four  years;  elected  as  a  Republican, 
to  the  Fifty-third  Congress,  to  fill  vacancy  caused 
by  the  resignation  of  John  A.  Caldwell;  reelected 
to  the  Fifty-fourth,  Fifty-fifth,  Fifty-sixth,  and 
Fifty-seventh  Congresses  and  served  from  Decem- 
ber 3, 1894,  to  March  3,  1903;  resumed  the  practice 
of  law  in  Cincinnati,  Ohio;  elected  judge  of  the 
court  of  common  pleas  in  1906,  for  term  ending 
February  9,  1913. 

Bronson,  David,  a  Representative  from  Maine; 
born  in  Suffield,  Conn.;  was  graduated  from  Dart- 
mouth college  in  1819;  studied  law,  was  admitted 
to  the  bar,  and  commenced  practice  in  Anson,  Me. ; 
member  of  the  state  house  of  representatives  in 
1832  and  1834,  and  of  the  state  senate  in  1846; 
elected  as  a  Whig  to  the  Twenty-seventh  Congress, 
to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  the  resignation  of  George 
Evans,  and  served  from  May  31,  1841,  to  March  3, 
1843;  collector  of  customs  in  Bath,  Me.,  1850-1853; 
judge  of  probate  for  Sagadahoc  county  1854-1857; 
died  in  Talbot  county,  Md.,  November  20,  1863. 

Bronson,  Isaac  Hopkins,  a  Representative 
from  New  York;  born  in  Rutland,  N.  Y .,  October 
16, 1802;  attended  the  public  schools;  studied  law, 
was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  practiced  in  Water- 
town,  N.  Y. ;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Twenty- 
fifth  Congress  (March  4,  1837-March  3,  1839);  ap- 
pointed judge  of  the  fifth  judicial  district  of  New 
York;  appointed  United  States  district  judge  for 
the  northern  district  of  Florida;  died  in  Palatka, 
Fla.,  August  13,  1855. 

Broocks,  Moses  Lycurgus,  a  Representative 
from  Texas;  born  near  San  Augustine,  Tex.,  Nov- 
ember 1,  1864;  attended  the  common  schools  of  San 
Augustine  county,  and  was  graduated  from  the 
law  department  of  the  University  of  Texas  in  1891; 
a  member  of  the  Texas  legislature  in  1892;  moved 
to  Beaumont,  Jefferson  county,  Tex.;  elected 
district  attorney  of  the  first  judicial  district  of 
Texas  in  1896;  elected  to  the  Fifty-ninth  Con- 
gress (March  4,  1907-March  3,  1909);  resumed  the 
practice  of  law  in  San  Augustine,  Tex.,  and  died 
there  May  27,  1908. 

Brooke,  Walter,  a  Senator  from  Mississippi; 
born  in  Clarke  county,  Va.,  December  25,  1814; 
attended  the  public  schools  in  Richmond,  Va., 
and  Georgetown,  D.  C.,  and  was  graduated  from  the 
University  of  Virginia  in  1835;  studied  law,  was 
admitted  to  the  bar,  and  began  practice  in  Lexing- 
ton, Miss.,  in  1839;  elected  to  the  United  States 
Senate,  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  the  resignation 
of  Henry  S.  Foote,  and  served  from  March  11, 
1852,  to  March  3,  1853;  moved  to  Vicksburg,  Miss., 
in  1858 ;  elected  a  member  of  the  Provisional  Con- 
federate congress  from  Mississippi  in  1861,  and 
served  one  year;  died  in  Vicksburg,  Miss.,  Feb- 
ruary 18,  1869. 

Brooks,  David,  a  Representative  from  New 
New  York;  born  in  Pennsylvania  in  1756;  attended 
the  public  schools;  in  1776  entered  the  Continental 
army  as  a  lieutenant  of  the  Pennsylvania  bat- 
talion of  the  Flying  Camp;  captured  at  Fort  Wash- 
ington, November  16,  1776,  and  exchanged  in 
January,  1780;  appointed  assistant  clothier-general; 
after  the  war  moved  to  Dutchess  county,  N.  Y.; 
member  of  the  state  assembly  representing  New 
York  county,  1787-1788,  and  Dutchess  county  in 
1795;  elected  to  the  Fifth  Congress  (March  4, 1797- 


502 


CONGRESSIONAL   DIRECTORY. 


March  3,  1799);  appointed  commissioner  to  nego- 
tiate a  treaty  with  the  Seneca  Indians;  first  judge 
of  Dutchess  county  from  November  24,  1795,  to 
1807;  county  clerk  of  Dutchess  county  June  5, 
1807,  to  January  26,  1809,  and  again  from  Feb- 
ruary 9  to  February  15,  1810;  again  served  in  the 
state  assembly  in  1810;  again  served  as  judge  of 
Dutchess  county  from  February  23,  1813,  to  Feb- 
ruary 13,  1815;  officer  in  the  United  States  customs 
service;  died  in  Dutchess  county.  N.  Y.,  August 
30,  1838. 

Brooks,  Franklin  Eli,  a  Representative  from 
Colorado;  born  in  Sturbridge,  Worcester  county, 
Mass.,  November  19,  1860;  attended  the  public 
schools,  was  graduated  from  Brown  university  in 
1883 ;  attended  the  law  school  of  Boston  university 
in  1887  and  1888;  in  August  of  the  same  year  was 
admitted  to  the  Suffolk  county  (Mass.)  bar  and 
commenced  practice  in  Boston  in  1888;  moved  to 
Colorado  Springs,  Colo.,  in  1891  •  delegate  in  Re- 
publican state  conventions  1900-1907;  elected  as 
a  Republican  to  the  Fifty-eighth  and  Fifty-ninth 
Congresses  (March  4,  1903-March  3, 1907);  resumed 
the  practice  of  law  in  Colorado  Springs,  Colo.; 
member  of  state  board  of  agriculture,  and  trustee 
of  the  state  agricultural  college  in  1907;  president 
of  San  Luis  power  and  water  company,  and  of  the 
San  Luis  Southern  railway. 

Brooks,  George  Merrick,  a  Representative 
from  Massachusetts;  born  in  Concord,  Mass.,  July 
26,  1824;  was  graduated  from  Harvard  college  in 
1844;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and 
practiced;  member  of  the  state  house  of  represent- 
atives in  1858,  and  of  the  state  senate  in  1859; 
member  of  the  joint  committee  of  the  senate  and 
house  chosen  in  1859,  to  revise  the  statutes  of 
Massachusetts;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the 
Forty-first  Congress  in  November,  1869,  to  fill  the 
vacancy  caused  by  the  resignation  of  George  S. 
Boutwell;  reelected  to  the  Forty-second  Congress, 
and  served  from  March  4,  1871,  to  May  13,  1872, 
when  he  resigned  to  become  judge  of  probate  for 
Middlesex  county;  served  as  judge  until  his  death 
in  Concord,  Mass.,  September  22,  1893. 

Brooks,  James,  a  Representative  from  New 
York;  born  in  Portland,  Me.,  November  10,  1810; 
was  graduated  from  Waterville  college  in  1828; 
taught  school  in  Portland  until  1830,  edited  the 
Portland  Advertiser;  member  of  state  house  of 
representatives  one  term;  located  in  New  York 
City  in  1836,  and  established  the  New  York  Daily 
Express,  of  which  he  was  the  editor  in  chief  the 
remainder  of  his  life;  member  of  the  state  legis- 
lature in  1847;  elected  as  a  Whig  to  the  Thirty-first 
and  Thirty-second  Congresses  (March  4,  1849- 
March  3, 1853);  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Thirty- 
eighth,  Thirty-ninth,  Fortieth,  Forty-first,  Forty- 
second,  and  Forty-third  Congresses,  and  served 
from  March  4,  1863,  until  his  death;  appointed  a 
director  of  the  Union  Pacific  railroad  in  October, 
1867;  died  in  Washington,  D.  C.,  April  30,  1873. 

Brooks,  Micah,  a  Representative  from  New 
York;  born  in  Cheshire,  Conn.,  May  14,  1775; 
moved  to  western  New  York;  in  1806  appointed  a 
justice  of  the  peace;  member  of  the  New  York 
assembly  1808-1809;  elected  to  the  Fourteenth 
Congress  (March  4,_  1815-March  3, 1817);  member  of 
the  state  constitutional  convention  of  1821 ;  presi- 
dential elector  on  the  Adams  ticket  in  1824;  died 
in  Oramel,  Allegany  county,  N.  Y.,  July  7, 1857. 

Brooks,  Preston  Smith,  a  Representative  from 
South  Carolina;  born  hi  Edgefield  district,  South 


Carolina,  August  5,  1819;  was  graduated  from  the 
College  of  South  Carolina  in  1839;  studied  law,  and 
was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1845;  member  of  the  state 
general  assembly  1844;  served  in  the  Mexican  war 
as  captain  in  the  Palmetto  regiment  of  South  Car- 
olina volunteers;  elected  to  the  Thirty-third  Con- 
gress as  a  States  Rights  Democrat;  reelected  to  the 
Thirty-fourth  Congress,  and  served  from  December 
5,  1853,  to  July  14,  1856,  when  (the  House  not 
having  given  a  two- thirds  vote  for  his  expulsion 
for  the  assault  upon  Charles  Sumner,  May  26,  1856) 
he  resigned;  again  elected  to  the  Thirty-fourth,  and 
reelected  to  the  Thirty-fifth  Congress,  and  served 
from  August  1,  1856,  until  his  death  in  Washing- 
ton, D.  C.,  January  27,  1857. 

Brookshire,  Elijah  Voorhees,  a  Representa- 
tive from  Indiana;  born  near  Ladoga,  Montgomery 
county,  Ind.,  August  15,  1856;  was  graduated 
from  the  Central  Indiana  normal  college  in  Ladoga 
in  August,  1878;  studied  law,  and  was  admitted  to 
the  bar  in  Crawfordsville  in  1883;  elected  as  a 
Democrat  to  the  Fifty-first,  Fifty-second,  and 
Fifty-third  Congresses  (March  4,  1889-March  3, 
1895);  engaged  in  the  practice  of  law  in  Washing- 
ton, D.  C. 

Broom,  Jacob,  a  Representative  from  Penn- 
sylvania; born  in  Baltimore,  Md.,  July  25,  1808; 
moved  to  Pennsylvania;  studied  law,  was  admitted 
to  the  bar  April  30,  1832,  and  practiced  in  Phila- 
delphia, Pa. ;  appointed  deputy  auditor  of  state  in 
1840;  clerk  of  the  Philadelphia  orphans'  court 
1848-1852;  elected  as  an  American  Whig  to  the 
Thirty-fourth  Congress  (March  4,  1855-March  3, 
1857);  died  in  Washington,  D.  C.,  November  28, 
1864. 

Broom,  James  Madison,  a  Representative 
from  Delaware;  born  in  Delaware  in  1778;  was 
graduated  from  Princeton  college  in  1794;  elected 
to  the  Ninth  Congress  (March  4,  1805-March  3, 
1807);  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and 
practiced  in  New  Castle,  Del.,  Baltimore,  Md., 
Wilmington,  Del.,  after  1815,  and  in  Philadelphia, 
Pa.,  after  1819;  was  a  member  of  the  Pennsylvania 
legislature;  died  in  Philadelphia,  Pa.,  January  15, 
1850. 

Broomall,  John  Martin,  a  Representative  from 
Pennsylvania;  born  in  Upper  Chichester,  Pa., 
January  19, 1816;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the 
bar,  and  practiced  during  the  greater  part  of  his 
life;  member  of  the  state  legislature  or  Pennsyl- 
vania 1851-1852;  member  of  the  state  revenue 
board  in  1854;  presidential  elector  in  1860  on  the 
Lincoln  ticket,  and  again  in  1872  on  the  Grant 
ticket;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Thirty- 
eighth,  Thirty-ninth,  and  Fortieth  Congresses 
(March  4,  1863-March  3,  1867);  judge  of  the  courts 
of  Delaware  county  from  March,  1874,  to  January, 
1875;  died  in  Media,  Pa.,  June  5,  1894. 

Brosius,  Marriott,  a  Representative  from 
Pennsylvania;  born  in  Colerain  township,  Lancas- 
ter county,  Pa.,  March  7,  1843;  attended  the  com- 
mon schools,  and  an  academy;  enlisted  as  a  private 
in  company  K,  ninety-seventh  regiment  Pennsyl- 
vania volunteers,  in  October,  1861,  for  three  years, 
and  reenlisted  May  20,  1864;  honorably  discharged 
December  28, 1864,  and  on  February  28,  1865,  was 
commissioned  a  second  lieutenant  for  bravery  on 
the  field  of  battle;  after  the  war  attended  the  Mil- 
lersville  normal  school,  and  the  law  department  of 
the  University  of  Michigan;  admitted  to  the  bar 
in  1868,  and  practiced ;  elected  as  a  Republican  to 
the  Fifty-first,  Fifty-second,  Fifty-third,  Fifty- 


BIOGRAPHIES. 


503 


fourth,  Fifty-fifth,  Fifty-sixth,  and  Fifty-seventh 
Congresses,  and  served  from  March  4,  1889,  until 
his  death  in  Lancaster,  Pa.,  March  10,  1901. 

Brpussard,  Robert  F.,  a  Representative  from 
Louisiana;  born  near  New  Iberia,  parish  of  Iberia, 
La.,  August  17,  1864;  attended  various  public  and 
private  schools,  and  in  1879  entered  Georgetown 
university,  Washington,  D.  C.,  where  he  remained 
until  1882;  appointed  inspector  of  customs  Decem- 
ber 27, 1885,  in  New  Orleans,  and  assistant  weigher, 
and  subsequently  expert  statistician  at  that  port; 
during  the  time  he  was  in  the  Government  service 
he  entered  the  law  school  of  Tulane  university  in 
New  Orleans,  and  was  graduated  in  1889;  returned 
to  New  Iberia,  where  he  commenced  the  practice 
of  law  with  T.  Donalson  Foster;  elected  attorney 
of  the  nineteenth  judicial  district  in  1892,  and  1894; 
elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Fifty-fifth,  Fifty- 
sixth,  Fifty-seventh,  Fifty-eighth,  Fifty-ninth, 
Sixtieth,  and  Sixty-first  Congresses  (March  4, 1897- 
March  3,  1911).  Reelected  to  the  Sixty-second  Con- 
gress, and  nominated  in  the  primaries  of  1912  for 
United  States  Senator. 

Brower,  John  Morehead,  a  Representative 
from  North  Carolina;  born  in  Greensboro,  N.  C., 
July  19,  1845;  moved  with  his  parents  to  Mount 
Airy;  engaged  in  farming,  and  the  manufacture  of 
tobacco;  elected  to  the  state  senate  in  August, 
1878;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Fiftieth  and 
Fifty-first  Congresses  (March  4,  1887-March  3, 
1891);  resumed  business,  and  farming,  in  Okla- 
homa; a  resident  of  Boswell,  Okla. 

Brown,  Aaron  V  enable,  a  Representative 
from  Tennessee;  born  in  Brunswick  county,  Va., 
August  15,  1795;  was  graduated  from  the  Univer- 
sity of  North  Carolina  in  1814;  moved  to  Nashville, 
Tenn.,  in  1815;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the 
bar,  and  practiced  in  Nashville;  elected  as  a  Demo- 
crat to  the  Twenty-sixth,  Twenty-seventh,  and 
Twenty-eighth  Congresses  (March  4,  1839-March 
3,  1845);  elected  governor  of  Tennessee  in  1845; 
appointed  Postmaster  General  by  President 
Buchanan  in  March,  1857;  died  in  Washington, 
D.  C.,  March  8,  1859. 

Brown,  Albert  Gallatin,  a  Representative  and 
a  Senator  from  Mississippi;  born  in  Chester  district, 
S.  C.,  May  31,  1813;  moved  with  his  parents  to 
Mississippi;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in 
1834,  and  practiced;  member  of  the  state  house  of 
representatives  1835-1839;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to 
the  Twenty-sixth  Congress  (March  4,  1839-March 

3,  1841);  judge  of  the  circuit  superior  court  1842- 
1843;  governor  of  Mississippi  1844-1848;  elected  a 
Representative  from  Mississippi  to  the  Thirtieth, 
Thirty-first,  and  Thirty-second  Congresses  (March 

4,  1847-March  3,    1853);  elected  to  the  United 
States  Senate  in   1853;  reelected  in   1859,   and 
served  from  March  4,  1853,  until  the  secession  of 
Mississippi,  when  he  withdrew,  January  12,  1861; 
formally  expelled  from  the  United  States  Senate 
July  11,  1861;  entered  the  Confederate  army  as  a 
captain  in  the  seventeenth  Mississippi  volunteers; 
elected  a  Confederate  senator  in  1862,  and  served 
in  the  first  and  second  Confederate  congresses;  died 
in  Jackson,  Miss.,  June  12,  1880. 

Brown,  Anson,  a  Representative  from  New 
York;  bom  in  Ballston,  N.  Y.,  in  1800;  studied 
law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  practiced  in  Ball- 
ston; elected  as  a  Whig  to  the  Twenty-sixth  Con- 
gress and  served  from  March  4, 1839,  until  his  death 
in  Ballston,  N.  Y.,  June  14,  1840. 


Brown,  Arthur,  a  Senator  from  Utah;  born 
in  Kalamazoo  county,  Mich.,  March  8,  1843;  at- 
tended common  schools,  and  was  graduated  from 
Antioch  college,  Yellow  Springs,  Ohio,  in  1862; 
took  a  post-graduate  course  in  the  University  of 
Michigan,  Ann  Arbor;  was  graduated  from  the  law 
school  of  Michigan  University  in  1864,  was  admitted 
to  the  bar,  and  practiced  in  Kalamazoo;  moved  to 
Salt  Lake  City,  Utah,  in  1879;  elected  as  a  Repub- 
lican to  the  United  States  Senate  January  22,  1896, 
upon  the  admission  of  the  State  of  Utah,  and  served 
until  March  3,  1897;  delegate  in  the  Republican 
national  conventions  of  1896,  and  1900;  died  in 
Washington,  D.  C.,  December  12.  1906. 

Brown,  Benjamin  Gratz,  a  Senator  from  Mis- 
souri; born  in  Lexington,  Ky.,  May  28,  1826;  was 
graduated  from  the  Transylvania  university  in  1845, 
and  from  Yale  college  in  1847 ;  studied  law  in  Louis- 
ville, Ky,,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  practiced 
in  St.  Louis,  Mo.;  member  of  the  state  house  of 
representatives  1852-1858;  one  of  the  founders  of 
the  Missouri  Democrat,  and  its  editor  1854-1859; 
took  an  active  part  in  preventing  the  secession  of 
Missouri  in  1861;  enlisted  in  the  Union  army; 
raised  a  regiment,  and  commanded  it;  led  a  bri- 
gade against  Price  and  Van  Dorn;  elected  as  a  Re- 
publican to  the  United  States  Senate  to  fill  vacancy 
caused  by  the  expulsion  of  Waldo  P.  Johnson, 
January  10,  1862,  and  served  from  November  13, 
1863,  to  March  3,  1867;  governor  of  Missouri  in 
1871;  nominated  for  Vice  President  in  1872  on  the 
Greeley  ticket;  after  his  defeat  practiced  law;  died 
in  St.  Louis,  Mo.,  December  13,  1885. 

Brown,  Bedford,  a  Senator  from  North  Caro- 
lina; born  in  Caswell  county,  N.  C.,  in  1795; 
elected  to  the  house  of  commons  of  North  Carolina 
in  1815,  1816,  1817,  and  1823,  and  to  the  state  sen- 
ate in  1828,  and  1829;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the 
United  States  Senate,  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  the 
death  of  John  Branch;  reelected  in  1835,  and 
served  from  December  28, 1829,  until  1840,  when  he 
resigned,  because  he  would  not  obey  the  instruc- 
tions of  the  general  assembly  of  North  Carolina; 
again  elected  to  the  state  senate  in  1842;  removed 
to  Missouri,  and  then  back  to  North  Carolina;  died 
in  Caswell  county,  N.  C.,  December  6,  1870. 

Brown,  Benjamin,  a  Representative  from 
Massachusetts;  born  in  Swansea,  R.  I.,  September 
23,  1756;  pursued  academic  studies;  studied  medi- 
cine, and  practiced;  was  a  member  of  the  Massa- 
chusetts house  of  representatives  1809,  1811,  1812, 
and  1819;  elected  to  the  Fourteenth  Congress 
(March  4,  1815,  March  3,  1817);  died  in  Waldboro, 
Me.,  September  17,  1831. 

Brown,  Charles,  a  Representative  from  Penn- 
sylvania; born  in  Pennsylvania;  attended  pub- 
lic schools;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Twenty- 
seventh,  and  to  the  Thirtieth  Congresses  (March 
4,  1841-March  3,  1843,  and  March  4,  1847-March 
3,  1849);  appointed  collector  of  customs,  port  of 
Philadelphia;  delegate  in  the  Union  convention  in 
Philadelphia  of  1866. 

Brown,  Charles  Elwood,  a  Representative 
from  Ohio;  born  in  Cincinnati,  Ohio,  July  4,  1834; 
attended  the  Greenfield  academy,  and  was  gradu- 
ated from  Miami  university,  Oxford,  Ohio,  in  1854; 
went  South,  and  while  serving  as  tutor  at  Baton 
Rouge,  La.,  read  law,  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar; 
returned  to  Ohio  in  1859,  and  continued  practice 
in  Chillicothe;  September  2,  1861,  enlisted  as  pri- 
vate in  company  B,  sixty-third  regiment  Ohio 


504 


CONGRESSIONAL   DIRECTORY. 


volunteers,  and  on  October  23,  1861,  was  commis- 
sioned a  captain;  promoted  to  major  March  10, 
1863,  for  meritorious  conduct;  lieutenant  colonel 
May  17,  1865;  colonel  June  6,  1865,  and  brevetted 
brigadier  general  March  13,  1865,  for  gallant  and 
meritorious  services  during  the  war;  mustered  out 
July  8,  1865;  resumed  law  practice  in  Chillicothe, 
Ohio;  commissioned  pension  agent  at  Cincinnati 
in  1872,  which  position  he  held  until  President 
Hayes's  administration;  elected  as  a  Republican  to 
the  Forty-ninth  and  Fiftieth  Congresses  (March  4, 
1885-March  3,  1889);  elected  on  a  fusion  ticket  to 
the  state  senate  in  1899;  died  in  Cincinnati,  Ohio, 
May  22,  1904. 

Brown,  Elias,  a  Representative  from  Maryland; 
born  near  Baltimore,,  Md.,  May  9,  1793;  attended 
public  schools;  member  of  the  state  legislature  for 
several  years;  presidential  elector  in  1820  on  the 
Monroe  ticket,  and  in  1828  on  the  Adams  ticket; 
elected  to  the  Twenty-first  Congress  (March  4, 1829- 
March  3,  1831);  presidential  elector  in  1836;  mem- 
ber of  the  state  constitutional  convention;  died 
near  Baltimore,  Md.,  July  7,  1857. 

Brown,  Ethan  Allen,  a  Senator  from  Ohio;  born 
in  Darien,  Conn.,  July  4,  1776;  studied  law  under 
Alexander  Hamilton,  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in 
1802,  and  moved  to  Cincinnati  in  1804,  where  he 
commenced  practice;  judge  of  the  supreme  court 
of  Ohio  1810-1818;  governor  of  Ohio  1818-1822; 
resigned  on  being  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the 
United  States  Senate,  to  fill  vacancy  caused 
by  the  death  of  William  A.  Trimble,  and  served 
from  January  3,  1822,  to  March  3,  1825;  canal 
commissioner  of  Ohio  1825-1830;  minister  to  Bra- 
zil 1830-1834;  Commissioner  of  the  General  Land 
Office  in  Washington  from  July  24,  1835,  to  October 
31,  1836;  removed  to  Rising  Sun,  Ind.,  Novem- 
ber 1,  1836;  member  of  the  Indiana  house  of  rep- 
resentatives in  1842;  died  in  Indianapolis,  Ind., 
February  24,  1852. 

Brown,  Foster  Vincent,  a  Representative 
from  Tennessee;  born  in  WThite  county,  Tenn., 
December  24,  1854;  was  graduated  from  Burritt 
college,  Van  Buren  county,  Tenn.,  in  1871,  and  from 
the  law  school  of  Cumberland  university,  Lebanon, 
Tenn.,  in  1873;  located  in  Jasper,  Marion  county, 
Tenn.,  and  commenced  the  practice  of  law  Janu- 
ary 1,  1874;  elected  attorney  general  of  the  fourth 
judicial  district  in  August,  1886,  and  served  eight 
years;  removed  to  Chattanooga  in  May,  1890,  and 
continued  the  practice  of  law;  delegate  in  the  Re- 
publican national  convention  of  1884;  elected  as  a 
Republican  to  the  Fifty-fourth  Congress  (March  4, 
1895-March  3,  1897);  declined  a  renomination ; 
resumed  the  practice  of  law;  attorney  general  of 
Porto  Rico. 

Brown,  George  Houston,  a  Representative 
from  New  Jersey;  born  in  Lawrenceville,  N.  J., 
February  12,  1810;  was  graduated  from  Princeton 
college  in  1848;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the 
bar,  and  practiced  in  Somerville,  N.  J.;  member  of 
the  state  constitutional  convention  of  1844;  elected 
as  a  Whig  to  the  Thirty-second  Congress  (March  4, 
1851-March  3,  1853;  justice  of  the  supreme  court 
of  New  Jersey  February  1,  1861;  died  in  Somer- 
ville, N.  J.,  August  1,  1865. 

Brown,  James,  a  Senator  from  Louisiana;  born 
near  Staun ton,  Va.,  September  11,  176(5;  attended 
William  and  Mary  college;  studied  law,  was  ad- 
mitted to  the  bar,  and  commenced  practice  in 
Frankfort,  Ky.;  commanded  a  company  of  sharp- 


shooters in  1791  in  an  expedition  against  the  In- 
dians; secretary  to  Gov.  Shelby  in  1792;  soon  after 
the  cession  of  the  Louisiana  Territory  removed  to 
New  Orleans;  secretary  of  the  Territory,  and  subse- 
quently United  States  district  attorney;  elected  to 
the  United  States  Senate,  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by 
the  declination  of  John  N.  Destrehan,  and  served 
from  December  1,  1812,  to  March  3,  1817;  again 
elected  to  the  United  States  Senate,  and  served  from 
March  4,  1819,  until  December  10,  1823,  when  he 
resigned;  minister  to  France  from  December  10, 
1823,  to  July  1,  1829;  died  in  Philadelphia,  Pa., 
April  7,  1835. 

Brown,  James  S.,  a  Representative  from  Wis- 
consin; born  in  Hampton,  Me.,  February  1,  1823; 
attended  the  public  schools;  moved  to  Cincinnati, 
Ohio,  in  1840,  and  studied  law;  was  admitted  to 
the  bar,  and  commenced  practice  in  Milwaukee, 
Wis.,  in  1844;  prosecuting  attorney  for  Milwaukee 
county  in  1846;  attorney  general  for  Wisconsin  in 
1848;  mayor  of  Milwaukee  in  1860;  elected  as  a 
Democrat  to  the  Thirty-eighth  Congress  (March  4, 
1863-March  3,  1865);  died  in  Chicago,  111.,  April 
16,  1878. 

Brown,  James  W.,  a  Representative  from 
Pennsylvania;  born  in  Pittsburgh,  Pa.,  July  14, 
1844;  attended  common,  and  private  schools  of 
Allegheny  county;  connected  with  the  iron  and 
steel  industry;  elected  on  the  Citizens '  and  Fusion 
ticket  to  the  Fifty-eighth  Congress  (March  4,  1903- 
March  3,  1905);  died  in  Michigan  October  23, 1909. 

Brown,  Jason  Brevoort,  a  Representative 
from  Indiana;  born  in  Dillsboro,  Ind.,  February 
26,  1839;  attended  the  common  schools;  studied 
law  in  Indianapolis,  Ind.,  in  1858-1859,  and  ad- 
mitted to  the  bar  in  1860;  located  in  Jackson 
county,  Ind.,  in  1860;  elected  to  the  state  house 
of  representatives  in  1862,  and  1864;  elected  to  the 
state  senate  in  1870,  and  1880;  elected  as  a  Demo- 
crat to  the  Fifty-first,  Fifty-second,  and  Fifty- 
third  Congresses  (March  4,  1889-March  3,  1895); 
died  in  Seymour,  Ind.,  March  10,  1898. 

Brown,  Jeremiah,  a  Representative  from 
Pennsylvania;  born  in  Goshen,  Pa.,  April  14,  1785; 
member  of  the  state  house  of  representatives  1841- 
1843;  the  first  associate  judge  elected  by  the  people; 
elected  as  a  Whig  to  the  Twenty-seventh  and 
Twenty-eighth  Congresses  (March  4,  1841-March 
3,  1845);  died  in  Goshen,  Lancaster  county,  Pa., 
March  2,  1858. 

Brown,  John,  a  Representative  from  Rhode 
I  Island;  born  in  Providence,  R.  I.,  January  27, 
1736;  engaged  in  business;  one  of  the  foremost  of 
the  party  which  destroyed  the  British  sloop  of  war 
Gaspee  in  Narragansett  Bay  and  was  sent  in  irons  to 
Boston  for  trial,  but  released  through  the  efforts 
of  his  brother  Moses;  laid  the  corner  stone  of  the 
first  building  of  the  college  of  Rhode  Island  (now 
Brown  university)  May  14,  1770;  trustee  of  Brown 
university  from  1774-1803,  treasurer  from  1775- 
1796;  repeatedly  elected  to  the  general  assembly 
of  Rhode  Island;  elected  to  the  Sixth  Congress 
(March  4,  1799-March  3,  1801);  died  in  Providence, 
R.  I.,  September  20,  1803. 

Brown,  John,  a  Delegate  and  Representative 

|  from  Virginia,  and  a  Senator  from  Kentucky;  born 
|  in  Stauiiton,  Va.,  September  12,  1757;  student  at 
Princeton  college;  enlisted  in  the  Revolutionary 
Army  and  served  until  the  close  of  the  war;  com- 
pleted his  studies  at  the  William  and  Mary  Col- 
lege, Virginia;  taught  school  and  studied  law; 


BIOGRAPHIES. 


505 


commenced  practice  in  Frankfort,  Ky.,  in  1782; 
elected  a  member  of  the  state  legislature  of  Vir- 
ginia from  the  district  of  Kentucky  in  1785;  Dele- 
gate from  the  Kentucky  district  of  Virginia  to  the 
Continental  Congress  1787-1788;  elected  to  the 
First  and  Second  Congresses,  and  served  from  June 
15,  1789,  until  November  5,  1792,  when  he  took 
his  seat  in  the  United  States  Senate  from  the 
newly-admitted  state  of  Kentucky;  reelected,  and 
served  from  June  18, 1792,  to  March  3, 1805;  elected 
President  of  the  Senate  pro  tempore  October  17, 
1803,  and  January  23,  1804;  was  a  member  of  the 
local  board  of  war  for  the  district  of  Kentucky  in 
1791 ;  first  Member  of  Congress  from  the  Mississippi 
Valley;  died  in  Frankfort,  Ky.,  August  27, 1838. 

Brown,  John,  a  Representative  from  Maryland; 
elected  to  the  Eleventh  Congress,  and  served  from 
March  4,  1809,  until  1810,  when  he  resigned. 

Brown,  John,  a  Representative  from  Pennsyl- 
vania; born  in  Lewistown.  Pa.;  elected  to  the 
Seventeenth  and  Eighteenth  Congresses  (March  4, 
1821-March  3,  1825);  died  in  Philadelphia.  Pa., 
April  7,  1834. 

Brown,  John  Brewer,  a  Representative  from 
Maryland;  born  in  Philadelphia,  Pa.,  May  13, 
1836;  attended  Centerville  adademy,  Maryland, 
and  Dickinson  college;  read  law,  and  admitted 
to  the  bar  in  1857;  elected  to  the  state  house  of 
delegates  in  1870  and  to  the  state  senate  in  1887 
and  served  three  terms;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to 
the  Fifty-second  Congress,  to  fill  the  unexpired 
term  of  Henry  Page;  appointed  judge  of  the  first 
judicial  circuit  of  Maryland;  took  his  seat  De- 
cember 5,  1892,  and  served  until  March  3,  1893; 
resumed  the  practice  of  law;  died  in  Centerville, 
Md.,  May  16,  1898. 

Brown,  John  Robert,  a  Representative  from 
Virginia;  born  in  Franklin  county,  Va.,  January  14, 
1842;  attended  common  school  and  academy;  en- 
tered the  Confederate  army  in  1861  as  a  private 
in  Company  D,  Twenty-fourth  Virginia  volunteers; 
in  1870  formed  a  copartnership  with  his  father  as 
manufacturers  of  tobacco  at  Shady  Grove,  and  in 
1882  moved  to  Martinsville ;  elected  mayor  in  1884; 
elected  as  an  Independent  Republican  to  the 
Fiftieth  Congress  (March  4,  1887-March  3,  1889). 

Brown,  John  W.,  a  Representative  from  New 
York;  born  in  Dundee,  Scotland,  October  11, 
1796;  in  1802  immigrated  with  his  father  to  New- 
burgh,  N.  Y.;  attended  the  public  schools;  studied 
law;  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1818  and  practiced; 
elected  a  justice  of  the  peace  in  1820;  elected  as  a 
Democrat  to  the  Twenty-third  and  Twenty-fourth 
Congresses  (March  4,  1833-March  3,  1837);  elected 
in  November,  1849,  a  jurist  of  the  supreme  court 
for  the  second  judicial  district  of  New  York,  and 
reelected  in  1857;  in  1865  retired  from  the  bench 
and  resumed  practice;  died  in  Newburgh,  N.  Y., 
September  6,  1875. 

Brown,  John  Young,  a  Representative  from 
Kentucky;  born  in  Hardin  county,  Ky.,  June  28, 
1835;  in  1855  was  graduated  from  Center  college, 
Danville,  Ky.;  studied  law  and  admitted  to  the 
bar  in  1857;  elected  to  the  Thirty-sixth  Congress, 
but  by  reason  of  not  having  attained  the  age  re- 
quired by  the  Constitution  of  the  United  States, 
did  not  take  his  seat  until  the  second  session;  in 
I860  member  of  the  Douglas  national  committee; 
again  elected  to  the  Fortieth  Congress  as  a  Demo- 
crat, but  his  seat  was  declared  vacant  on  account 
of  a  disloyal  act;  reelected  to  the  Forty-third  and 


Forty-fourth  Congresses  (March  4,  1873-March  3, 
1877);  governor  of  Kentucky  1891-1895;  located  in 
Louisville,  Ky.;  died  in  Henderson,  Ky.,  January 
11,  1904. 

Brown,  Joseph  Emerson,  a  Senator  from 
Georgia;  born  in  Pickens  district,  S.  C.,  April  15, 
1821;  moved  to  Georgia;  attended  the  Calhoun 
academy,  South  Carolina;  admitted  to  the  bar  in 
August,  1845;  afterwards  was  graduated  from  Yale 
college  law  school,  and  returned  to  Georgia  and 
commenced  practice  in  1846;  in  1849  elected  to  the 
state  senate;  Pierce  elector  in  1852;  in  1855  elected 
judge  of  the  superior  court  of  the  Blue  Ridge  cir- 
cuit; in  1855  elected  governor  by  the  Democratic 
Party;  reelected  in  1859;  governor  in  1860, 1861,  and 
1863;  appointed  by  Gov.  Bullock  chief  justice  of 
the  supreme  court  of  Georgia,  which  position  he 
held  until  December,  1870,  when  he  resigned  and 
accepted  the  presidency  of  the  Western  &  Atlantic 
Railroad  Co.;  appointed  as  a  Democrat  to  the 
United  States  Senate,  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by 
the  resignation  of  Gordon;  twice  reelected, 

and  served  from  May  21,  1880,  until  March  3, 1891; 
died  in  Atlanta,  Ga.,  November  30,  1894. 

Brown,  Milton,  a  Representative  from  Ten- 
nessee; born  in  Ohio;  went  to  Jackson,  Tenn., 
where  he  held  several  public  offices;  elected  to  the 
Twenty-seventh,  Twenty-eighth,  and  Twenty- 
ninth  Congresses  (March  4,  1841-March  3,  1847). 

Brown,  Norris,  a  Senator  from  Nebraska;  born 
in  Maquoketa,  Jackson  county,  Iowa,  May  2,  1863; 
was  graduated  from  the  Iowa  state  university, 
June,  1883;  admitted  to  practice  law  in  October, 
1883;  moved  to  Kearney,  Nebr.,  April,  1888; 
county  attorney  of  Buffalo  county,  1892-1896; 
deputy  attorney  general,  1900-1904;  attorney  gen- 
eral, 1904-1906;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the 
United  States  Senate  January,  1907,  for  the  term 
ending  March  3,  1913. 

Brown,  Robert,  a  Representative  from  Penn- 
sylvania; born  in  Northampton  county,  Pa.,  in 
1745;  at  the  beginning  of  the  Revolution  was  ap- 
pointed an  officer  in  the  Pennsylvania  "flying 
camp";  brigadier  general  of  state  militia;  filled  a 
number  of  local  offices  and  a  member  of  the  state 
senate  for  some  time;  elected  to  the  Fifth  Congress 
to  fill  a  vacancy  caused  by  the  resignation  of  Samuel 
Sitgreaves,  and  reelected  to  the  Sixth,  Seventh, 
Eighth,  Ninth,  Tenth,  Eleventh,  Twelfth,  and 
Thirteenth  Congresses,  and  served  from  December 
4,  1798,  to  March  3,  1815;  died  in  Northampton 
county,  Pa.,  February  26,  1823. 

Brown,  Seth  W.,  a  Representative  from  Ohio; 
born  near  Waynesville,  Warren  county,  Ohio,  Jan- 
uary 4,  1843;  attended  the  public  schools;  mem- 
ber of  Company  H,  Seventy-ninth  Ohio  volunteer 
infantry ;  read  law  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in 
1873;  prosecuting  attorney  for  Wrarren  county, 
1880-1882;  representative  in  the  general  assembly 
1884-1888;  was  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the 
Fifty-fifth  and  Fifty-sixth  Congresses  (March  4, 
1897-March  3,  1901);  resumed  the  practice  of  law 
in  Lebanon,  Ohio. 

Brown,  Titus,  a  Representative  from  New 
Hampshire;  born  in  Cheshire  county,  N.  H.,  Feb- 
ruary 11, 1786;  was  graduated  from  Middlebury  col- 
lege in  1811;  studied  law  and  practiced  in  Frances- 
town,  N.  H.;  member  of  the  state  legislature, 
1820-1825;  solicitor  of  Ilillsboro  county,  1823-1825, 
and  1829-1834;  elected  to  the  Nineteenth  and 
Twentieth  Congresses  (March  4,  1825-March  3, 


506 


CONGRESSIONAL   DIRECTORY. 


1829);  state  senator  and  president  of  the  senate  in 
1842;  died  in  Francestown,  N.  PI.,  January  29, 1849. 

Brown,  Webster  Everett,  a  Representative 
from  Wisconsin;  born  in  Madison  county,  N.  Y., 
July  16,  1851;  .went  with  his  parents  to  Wisconsin 
in  1857,  lived  for  a  time  in  Columbia  county,  then 
in  Portage  county;  attended  the  common  schools 
and  completed  a  preparatory  course  at  Lawrence 
University,  Appleton,  Wis.,  and  a  business  course 
at  the  Spencerian  business  college,  Milwaukee,  in 
1870,  and  was  graduated  from  the  University  of 
Wisconsin,  at  Madison,  in  1874;  went  into  the 
lumber  business  at  Stevens  Point,  Wis.;  in  1882 
the  business  was  transferred  to  Rhinelander; 
mayor  of  Rhinelander  two  terms;  elected  as  a 
Republican  to  the  Fifty-seventh,  Fifty-eighth,  and 
Fifty-ninth  Congresses  (March  4,  1901-March  3, 
1907);  resumed  lumber  business  in  Rhinelander, 
Wis. 

Brown,  William,  a  Representative  from  Ken- 
tucky; born  in  Frederick  county,  Va.;  attended  the 
common  schools;  moved  to  Kentucky  and  located 
in  Cynthiana,  Harrison  county;  elected  to  the 
Sixteenth  Congress  (March  4,  1819-March  3,  1821). 

Brown,  William  Guy,  a  Representative  from 
Virginia  and  from  West  Virginia;  born  in  King- 
wood,  Preston  county,  Va.  (now  West  Virginia), 
September  25,  1800;  attended  the  public  schools; 
studied  law,  and  commenced  practice  in  1823  in 
Kingwood;  member  of  the  house  of  delegates  in 
1832  and  again  1840-1843;  elected  as  a  Democrat 
to  the  Twenty-ninth  and  Thirtieth  Congresses 
(March  4,  1845-March  3,  1849);  member  of  the 
state  constitutional  convention  of  1850;  dele- 
gate to  the  Democratic  national  conventions  of 
1860  at  Charleston  and  Baltimore;  member  of  the 
Virginia  state  convention  of  1861 ;  again  elected  to 
the  Thirty-seventh  Congress  from  Virginia  as  a 
Unionist  (March  4,  1861-March  3,  1863),  and  re- 
elected  to  the  Thirty-eighth  Congress  from  West 
Virginia;  took  his  seat  December  7,  1863,  and 
served  until  March  3,  1865;  died  in  Kingwood,  W. 
Va.,  April  19,  1884. 

Brown,  William  J.,  a  Representative  from 
Indiana;  born  in  Kentucky  November  22,  1805; 
in  1821  moved  to  Indiana;  member  of  the  state 
legislature  and  secretary  of  state  for  Indiana; 
elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Twenty-eighth  Con- 
gress (March  4,  1843-March  3, 1845);  Second  Assist- 
ant Postmaster  General,  1845-1849;  again  elected  to 
the  Thirty-first  Congress  (March  4,  1849-March  3, 
1851);  editor  of  the  Indiana  Sentinel  and  state 
librarian  of  Indiana;  special  agent  of  the  Post  Office 
Department  for  Indiana  and  Illinois;  died  near 
Indianapolis,  Ind.,  March  18,  1857. 

Brown,  William  Ripley,  a  Representative  from 
Kansas;  born  in  Buffalo,  N.  Y.,  July  16,  1840;  was 
prepared  for  college  in  Phillips-Exeter  academy, 
N.  H.,  and  was  graduated  from  Union  college, 
Schenectady,  N.  Y.,  in  1862;  went  immediately  to 
Kansas;  studied  law,  and  in  1864  admitted  to  the 
bar;  elected  judge  of  the  ninth  judicial  district  of 
Kansas  in  1867,  and  reelected  in  1872;  elected  as 
a  Republican  to  the  Forty-fourth  Congress  (March 
4, 1875-March  3, 1877);  resumed  the  practice  of  law 
in  Hutchinson,  Kans. ;  register  of  the  United  States 
land  office  in  Larned,  Kans.,  1883-1885;  moved  to 
El  Reno,  Okla.,  in  1892;  elected  probate  judge  of 
Canadian  county  in  1894  and  reelected  in  1896; 
grand  lecturer  and  assistant  grand  lecturer  Masonic 
fraternity. 


Brown,  William  Wallace,  a  Representative 
from  Pennsylvania;  born  in  Sumnerhill,  Cayuga 
county,  N.  Y.,  April  22,  1836;  attended  Alfred 
college,  Allegany  county,  N.  Y.;  studied  law, 
admitted  to  the  bar,  and  practiced;  enlisted  May 
16,  1861,  in  the  Twenty-third  •  New  York  volun- 
teers for  two  years;  transferred  to  the  First  Pennsyl- 
vania rifles  December  18,  1861;  aid-de-camp  to 
Gov.  Hartranft,  with  the  rank  of  colonel;  elected 
recorder  of  McKean  county  in  1864;  district  attor- 
ney in  1867;  member  of  the  legislature  1872-1876; 
elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Forty-eighth  and 
Forty-ninth  Congresses  (March  4,  1883-March  3, 
1887);  appointed  Auditor  for  the  War  Department 
in  1897 ;  transferred  to  Auditor  for  the  Navy  Depart- 
ment in  1900;  assistant  attorney  general  in  1907,  in 
charge  of  defense  of  Spanish  treaty  claims,  and 
served  until  1910;  resumed  the  practice  of  law  in 
Bradford,  Pa. 

Browne,  George  Huntington,  a  Representa- 
tive from  Rhode  Island;  born  in  Gloucester,  R.  L, 
January  6,  1811;  was  graduated  from  Brown 
university  in  1840;  studied  law  and  practiced  io 
Providence;  elected  a  representative  to  the  so. 
called  "Charter"  general  assembly  of  Rhode  Island 
in  1842,  and  at  the  same  time  elected  a  representa* 
tive  to  what  was  termed  the  "Suffrage "  legislature, 
and  attended  the  latter;  again  elected  to  the  gen. 
eral  assembly  under  the  constitution  1849-1852;  in 
1852  appointed  United  States  district  attorney  amj 
held  the  office  until  1861,  when  he  resigned;  dele, 
gate  to  the  Charleston  and  Baltimore  Democratic 
national  conventions  on  the  Douglas  tickets  in  1860; 
delegate  to  the  peace  conference  at  Washington, 
February  4,  1861;  elected  as  a  Union  Democrat 
to- the  Thirty-seventh  Congress,  and  served  from 
March  4,  1861,  to  March  3,  1863;  declined  the  ap- 
pointment to  be  governor  of  Arizona  Territory  in 
1861;  entered  the  Union  Army  as  colonel  of  the 
Twelfth  Rhode  Island  volunteers  October  13, 1862; 
state  senator  in  1872  and  1873;  elected  by  the  gen- 
eral assembly  in  May,  1874;  chief  justice  of  the 
supreme  court  of  Rhode  Island  and  commissioned, 
but  declined  the  office;  died  in  Providence,  R.  I., 
September  26,  1885. 

Browne,  Obadiah,  a  Representative  from  New, 
York;  native  of  that  state;  elected  to  the  Thirty- 
second  Congress  (March  4.  1851-March  3,  1853). 

Browne,  Samuel  S.,  a  Representative  from 
New  York;  native  of  that  state;  a  resident  o)' 
Cooperstown;  elected  to  the  Twenty-seventh  Con- 
gress (March  4,  1841-March  3,  1843). 

Browne,  Thomas  Henry  Bayly,  a  Representa- 
tive from  Virginia;  born  in  Accomac,  Va.,  February 
8,  1844;  attended  Hanover  and  Bloomfield  acade- 
mies in  Virginia,  leaving  the  latter  in  May,  1861; 
volunteered  as  a  private  in  Company  F,  Thirty- 
ninth  regiment  Virginia  infantry;  afterwards  served 
as  a  private  in  Chew's  battery  of  the  Stuart  horse 
artillery;  was  surrendered  with  the  Army  of  North- 
ern Virginia  in  April,  1865;  was  graduated  from  the 
law  department  of  the  University  of  Virginia  in 
1867;  in  1873  elected  attorney  for  Accomac  county; 
presidental  elector  on  the  Blaine  ticket  in  1884, 
and  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Fiftieth  and 
Fifty-first  Congresses  (March  4,  1887-March  3, 
1891);  died  in  Accomac,  Va.,  August  27,  1892. 

Browne,  Thomas  McLelland,  a  Representa- 
tive from  Indiana;  born  in  New  Paris,  Ohio,  April 
19,  1829;  moved  to  Indiana  in  January,  1844; 
attended  the  common  schools;  studied  law  in 


BIOGRAPHIES. 


507 


Winchester,  and  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1849; 
prosecuting  attorney  in  1855,  1857,  and  1859;  sec- 
retary of  the  state  senate  in  Indiana,  1861;  and 
state  senator  in  1863;  assisted  in  organizing  the 
Seventh  volunteer  cavalry,  and  went  to  the  field 
with  that  regiment  as  captain,  August  28,  1863; 
commissioned  lieutenant  colonel  October  1,  1863; 
promoted  to  colonel  October  10,  1865;  and  subse- 
quently commissioned  by  President  Lincoln  briga- 
dier general  by  brevet,  March  13,  1865,  for  gallant 
and  meritorious  services  during  the  war;  mustered 
out  February  18,  1866;  appointed  in  April,  1869, 
United  States  attorney  for  the  district  of  Indiana, 
and  resigned  that  office  August  1,  1872;  elected1  as 
a  Republican  to  the  Forty-fifth  Congress  (March  4, 
1877-March  3, 1879) ;  reelected  to  the  Forty-seventh, 
Forty-eighth,  Forty-ninth,  Fiftieth,  and  Fifty- 
first  Congresses  (March  4,  1881-March  3,  1891); 
died  in  Winchester,  Ind.,  July  17,  1891. 

Browning,  Orville  Hickman,  a  Senator  from 
Illinois;  born  in  Harrison  county,  Ky.,  February 
10,  1806;  attended  Augusta  college;  admitted  to 
practice  law  in  1831;  moved  to  Quincy,  111.; 
served  in  the  Illinois  volunteers  through  the 
Black  Hawk  War  in  1832;  member  of  the  state 
senate  of  Illinois,  1836-1840,  and  of  the  state 
house  of  representatives,  1841-1843;  delegate  to 
the  national  convention  at  Chicago  in  1860; 
appointed  to  the  United  States  Senate^  to  fill 
vacancy  caused  by  the  death  of  Stephen  A. 
Douglas,  and  served  from  June  26,  1861,  to  January 
12,  1863;  member  of  the  Union  executive  com- 
mittee in  1866;  appointed  by  President  Johnson 
Secretary  of  the  Interior,  July  27,  1866,  to  take 
effect  September  1,  1866,  and  served  to  March  3, 
1869;  member  of  the  state  constitutional  conven- 
tion of  1869;  died  in  Quincy,  111.,  August  10,  1881. 

Brownlow,  Walter  Preston,  a  Representative 
from  Tennessee;  born  in  Abingdon,  Va.,  March  27, 
1851;  attended  the  common  schools;  entered  upon 
newspaper  work  as  a  reporter  for  the  Knoxville 
Whig  and  Chronicle  in  1876;  in  the  same  year  pur- 
chased the  Herald  and  Tribune,  a  Republican 
newspaper  published  in  Jonesboro;  delegate  to  the 
Republican  national  conventions  of  1880,  1896, 
and  1900,  and  from  the  state  at  large  to  the  national 
convention  of  1884;  member  of  the  Republican 
state  committee  in  1882  and  served  eight  years, 
two  years  as  chairman;  appointed  postmaster  at 
Jonesboro  in  March,  1881 ;  resigned  in  the  following 
December  to  accept  the  position  of  doorkeeper  of 
the  National  House  of  Representatives  in  the 
Forty -seventh  Congress ;  member  of  the  Republican 
national  committee  in  1884, 1896,  and  1900;  elected 
as  a  Republican  to  the  Fifty-fifth,  and  to  the  six 
succeeding  Congresses,  and  served  from  March  4, 
1897,  until  his  death  at  the  National  soldiers' 
home,  Johnson  City,  Tenn.,  July  8,  1910;  inter- 
ment in  the  soldiers'  home  cemetery. 

Brownlow,  William  Gannaway,  a  Senator 
from  Tennessee;  born  in  Wythe  county,  Va., 
August  29,  1805;  entered  the  Methodist  ministry 
in  1826;  moved  to  Tennessee  in  1828;  published 
and  edited  a  newspaper  called  the  Whig,  in  Knox- 
ville, from  1839  until  1861,  and  from  his  caustic  and 
trenchant  editorials  became  widely  known  as  "the 
fighting  parson  " ;  appointed  by  President  Fillmore 
in  1850  a  member  of  the  Tennessee  river  commis- 
sion for  the  improvement  of  navigation;  member 
of  the  constitutional  convention  which  reorganized 
the  state  government  of  Tennessee;  elected  gov- 
ernor March  4,  1865,  and  August,  1867;  elected  to 
the  United  States  Senate  as  a  Republican,  and 


served  from  March  4,  1869,  to  March  3,  1875;  re- 
turned to  Knoxville,  Tenn.,  and  died  there  April 
29,  1877. 

Brownson,  Nathan,  a  Delegate  from  Georgia; 
born  in  Georgia  in  1743;  was  graduated  from  Yale 
college  in  1761;  studied  medicine  and  practiced  in 
Liberty  county,  Ga.;  member  of  the  Provincial 
Congress  of  1775;  surgeon  in  the  Revolutionary 
Army;  member  of  the  state  house  of  representatives 
and  its  speaker  in  1781;  chosen  by  that  body  gover- 
nor of  Georgia;  sat  in  the  Continental  Congress 
1776-1778;  elected  to  the  state  house  of  represent- 
atives in  1788  and  served  as  speaker;  elected  to 
the  state  senate,  and  was  its  president  1789-1791; 
member  of  the  state  constitutional  convention  of 
1789;  died  in  Liberty  county,  Ga.,  November  6, 
1796. 

Bruce,  Blanche  K.,  a  Senator  from  Mississippi; 
born  in  Prince  Edward  county,  Va.,  March  1,  1841, 
a  slave;  was  tutored  by  his  master's  son;  left  his 
master  at  the  beginning  of  the  Civil  War;  taught 
school  for  a  time  in  Hannibal,  Mo.,  and  attended 
Oberlin  college,  Ohio;  after  the  war  became  a 
planter  in  Mississippi;  member  of  the  Mississippi 
levee  board,  and  sheriff  and  tax  collector  of  Bolivar 
county  from  1872  until  hia  election  as  a  Repub- 
lican to  the  United  States  Senate,  February  3, 1875; 
served  from  March  4,  1875,  to  March  3,  1881;  was 
a  delegate  in  several  national  Republican  conven- 
tions; appointed  register  of  the  Treasury  by  Presi- 
dent Garfield  Mav  19,  1881;  recorder  of  deeds  for 
the  District  of  Columbia  1891-1893,  and  1897-1898; 
died  in  Washington,  D.  C.,  March  17,  1898. 

Brucker,  Ferdinand,  a  Representative  from 
Michigan;  born  in  Bridgeport,  Saginaw  county, 
Mich.,  January  8,  1858;  attended  the  common 
schools  and  was  graduated  from  the  law  depart- 
ment of  the  University  of  Michigan  in  1881;  served 
as  alderman  of  the  city  of  East  Saginaw  two  years, 
1882-1884;  held  the  office  of  judge  of  probate  for 
Saginaw  county  two  terms,  1888-1896,  and  elected 
as  a  Silver  Democrat  to  the  Fifty-fifth  Congress 
(March  4,  1897-March  3,  1899);  after  leaving  Con- 
gress resumed  the  practice  of  law;  died  in  Saginaw, 
Mich.,  March  3,  1904. 

Brumm,  Charles  Napoleon,  a  Representative 
from  Pennsylvania;  born  in  Pottsville,  Pa.,  June 
9,  1838;  attended  the  common  schools  and  the 
Pennsylvania  college,  Gettysburg,  Pa.;  studied 
law  two  years;  enlisted  as  a  private  under  the  first 
call  of  President  Lincoln  for  three  months'  men, 
and  was  elected  first  lieutenant  of  company  I, 
Fifth  Pennsylvania  volunteers;  reenlisted  Sep- 
tember 15,  1861,  for  three  years,  and  was  elected 
first  lieutenant  of  company  K,  Seventy-sixth 
Pennsylvania  volunteers,  November  18,  1861;  de- 
tailed on  the  staff  of  Gen.  Barton  as  assistant  quar- 
termaster and  aide-de-camp,  which  position  he 
held  under  Gens.  Barton  and  Pennypacker  until 
the  expiration  of  his  term  of  service;  resumed  the 
study  of  law,  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1871; 
practiced  in  Schuylkill  county;  elected  to  the 
Forty-seventh,  Forty-eighth,  Forty-ninth,  and  Fif- 
tieth Congresses  (March  4,  1881-March  3,  1889); 
reelected  to  the  Fifty-fourth  and  Fifty-fifth  Con- 
gresses (March  4,  1895^-March  3,  1899),  and  was 
also  elected  to  the  Fifty-ninth  Congress,  to  fill 
vacancy  caused  by  the  death  of  George  R.  Patter- 
son, and  served  from  December  6,  1906,  to  March 
3,  1907;  reelected  to  the  Sixty-first  Congress,  but 
declined  to  serve;  resumed  the  practice  of  law  in 
Minersville,  Pa.;  elected  judge  of  the  court  of 
common  pleas  of  Schuykill  county. 


508 


CONGRESSIONAL   DIRECTOEY. 


Brundidge,  Stephen,  jr.,  a  Representative 
from  Arkansas;  born  in  White  county,  Ark.,  Janu- 
ary 1,  1857;  attended  the  private  schools  of  the 
county;  studied  law  in  Searcy,  and  was  admitted 
to  the  bar  in  1878;  in  September,  1886,  elected 
prosecuting  attorney,  and  reelected  in  1888;  since 
1890  served  a  term  as  member  of  the  Democratic 
State  central  committe;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to 
the  Fifty-fifthj  Fifty-sixth,  Fifty-seventh,  Fifty- 
eighth,  Fifty-ninth,  and  Sixtieth  Congresses  (March 
4, 1897-March  3, 1909);  resumed  the  practice  of  law 
in  Searcy,  Ark. 

Brunner,  David  B.,  a  Representative  from 
Pennsylvania;  born  in  Amity,  Berks  county,  Pa., 
March  7,  1835;  attended  the  common  schools,  and 
was  graduated  from  Dickinson  college,  Carlisle, 
Pa.,  in  1860;  was  elected  superintendent  of  the 
public  schools  of  the  county  in  1869,  and  served 
until  1875;  established  the  Reading  business  col- 
lege, and  was  its  principal  for  several  years;  elected 
as  a  Democrat  to  the  Fifty-first  and  Fifty-second 
Congresses  (March  4,  1889-March  3,  1893). 

Brush,  Henry,  a  Representative  from  Ohioi 
born  in  Duchess  county,  N.  Y.,  in  June,  1778;  com- 
pleted preparatory  studies;  studied  law  and  prac- 
ticed in  Chillicothe,  Ohio;  moved  to  London,  Ohio; 
elected  to  the  Sixteenth  Congress  (March  4,  1819- 
March  3, 1821);  judge  of  the  supreme  court  of  Ohio; 
retired  to  his  farm  near  London,  Ohio,  where  he 
died  January  19,  1855. 

Bruyn,  Andrew  DeWitt,  a  Representative 
from  New  York;  born  in  Kingston,  N.  Y.,  Novem- 
ber 18,  1790;  studied  law  and  practiced  in  Ithaca; 
held  several  public  offices;  elected  to  the  Twenty- 
fifth  Congress  as  a  Democrat,  and  served  from  March 
4,  1837,  until  his  death,  in  Ithaca,  N.  Y.,  July  27, 
1838. 

Bryan,  Guy  Morrison,  a  Representative  from 
Texas;  born  in  Herculaneum,  Jefferson  county, 
Mo.,  January  12,  1821 ;  attended  private  school  and 
was  graduated  from  Kenyon  college,  Ohio,  in  1842; 
studied  law,  but  never  practiced;  located  in  Texas 
early  in  life;  took  part  in  the  Mexican  War;  served 
in  the  Texas  volunteers  on  the  eastern  bank  of  the 
Rio  Grande;  member  of  the  Texas  legislature  1847- 
1853;  member  state  senate  1853-1857;  elected  as 
a  Democrat  to  the  Thirty-fifth  Congress  (March  4, 
1857-March  3,  1859);  was  on  the  staff  of  Gen.  Kirby 
Smith  during  the  Civil  war;  again  elected  to  the 
state  house  of  representatives  in  1873  and  served 
as  speaker;  reelected  to  three  subsequent  legis- 
latures; removed  to  Austin,  Tex.,  in  1898,  and 
died  there  June  4,  1901. 

Bryan,  Henry  H.,  a  Representative  from  Ten- 
nessee; born  in  Martin  County,  N.  C.;  attended 
grammar  and  high  school;  moved  to  Tennessee  and 
held  several  local  offices;  elected  to  the  Sixteenth 
and  Seventeenth  Congresses  (Mar.  4,  1819-Mar.  3, 
1823);  died  in  Montgomery  County,  Tenn.,  May 
7,  1835. 

Bryan,  John  Herritage,  a  Representative  from 
North  Carolina;  born  in  Newbern,  N.  C.,  Novem- 
ber 4,  1798;  was  graduated  from  the  University  of 
North  Carolina  in  1815;  studied  law,  was  admitted 
to  the  bar,  and  practiced;  member  of  the  state 
senate  of  North  Carolina  1823-24;  elected  to  the 
Nineteenth  and  Twentieth  Congresses  (March  4, 
1825-March  3,  1829);  trustee  of  the  University  of 
North  Carolina  46  years;  died  in  Raleigh,  N.  C., 
May  19,  1870. 


Bryan,  Joseph,  a  Representative  from  Georgia; 
elected  to  the  Eighth  and  Ninth  Congresses;  served 
from  March  4,  1803,  until  his  resignation  in  1806. 

Bryan,  Joseph  H.,  a  Representative  from 
North  Carolina;  elected  to  the  Fourteenth  and  Fif- 
teenth Congresses  (March  4,  1815-March  3,  1819). 

Bryan,  Nathan,  a  Representative  from  North 
Carolina;  born  in  Jones  county,  N.  C.,  in  1748; 
member  of  the  house  of  commons  of  North  Caro- 
lina in  1793  and  1794;  elected  to  the  Fourth  and 
Fifth  Congresses,  and  served  from  March  4,  1795, 
until  his  death,  in  Philadelphia,  Pa.,  June  4,  1798. 

Bryan,  William  James,  a  Senator  from  Florida; 
born  in  Orange  county,  Fla.,  October  10,  1876; 
attended  the  public  schools  and  was  graduated 
from  Emory  college,  Oxford,  Ga.,  in  1896;  three 
years  later  was  graduated  from  Washington  and 
Lee  university,  and  at  once  began  the  practice  of 
law  in  Jacksonville;  in  1902  was  elected  solicitor 
of  the  Duval  county  criminal  court  of  record,  and 
served  until  1907;  appointed  to  the  United  States 
Senate  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  the  death  of 
Stephen  R.  Mallory,  and  served  from  December 
26,  1907,  until  his  death  in  Washington,  D.  C., 
March  22,  1908. 

Bryan,  William  Jennings,  a  Representative 
from  Nebraska;  born  in  Salem,  Marion  county,  111., 
March  19,  1860;  attended  public  schools;  in  the  fall 
of  1875  entered  Whipple  academy  at  Jacksonville, 
111.;  was  graduated  from  Illinois  college,  Jackson- 
ville, in  1877;  attended  Union  college  of  law,  Chi- 
cago, 111.,  for  two  years;  began  the  practice  of  hitf 
profession  in  Jacksonville,  111.,  July  4, 1883;  moved 
to  Lincoln,  Nebr.,  October  1,  1887;  elected  as  a 
Democrat  to  the  Fifty-second  and  Fifty-third  Con- 
gresses (March  4,  1891-March  3,  1895);  was  unsuc- 
cessful Democratic  candidate  for  President  of  the 
Vnited  States  in  1896, 1900,  and  1908;  was  indorsed 
by  the  Populist  and  Silver  Republican  parties  in 
the  first  and  second  canvases;  resumed  editorial 
work  and  farming  in  Nebraska. 

Bryce,  Lloyd  S.,  a  Representative  from  New 
York;  born  in  Flushing,  N.  Y.,  September  4,  1851; 
attended  schools  in  New  York  and  George  town 
university,  D.  C.;  was  graduated  from  Oxford  col- 
lege, England,  and  studied  law  in  the  Columbia  law 
school,  New  York  City;  appointed  paymaster 
general,  state  of  New  York,  1886;  elected  as  a  Demo- 
crat to  the  Fiftieth  Congress  (March  4, 1887-March 
3. 1889^;  became  editor  North  American  Re  view  in 
1889;  United  States  minister  resident  to  the  Neth- 
erlands. 

Buchanan,  Andrew,  a  Representative  from 
Pennsylvania;  born  in  Chester  county,  Pa.,  April 
8,  1780;  was  graduated  from  Dickinson  college, 
Pa.;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  of  York  county  May 
18,  1798;  located  in  Waynesburg,  Greene  county, 
Pa.,  in  1803;  elected  to  the  state  legislature  two 
terms;  served  one  term  in  the  state  senate;  elected 
as  a  Democrat  to  the  Twenty-fourth  and  Twenty- 
fifth  Congresses  (March  4,  1835-March  3,  1839); 
died  in  Waynesburg,  Pa.,  December2,  1848. 

Buchanan.  Hugh,  a  Representative  from 
Georgia;  born  in  Argyleshire,  Scotland,  September 
15,  1823;  immigrated  to  this  country;  studied  law; 
and  was  admitted  to  the  bar  December,  1845; 
elected  to  the  senate  of  Georgia  in  1855  and  1857, 
delegate  to  the  Democratic  national  convention  at 
Cincinnati  in  1856;  elector  on  the  Breckinridge 
and  Lane  ticket  in  1860;  entered  the  Confederate 


BIOGRAPHIES. 


509 


army  in  June,  1861;  elected  to  the  Thirty-ninth 
Congress  (March  4, 1865-March  3, 1867);  delegate  to 
the  Democratic  national  convention  in  1868; 
appointed  judge  of  the  superior  court  August,  1872, 
and  resigned  in  September,  1880;  member  of  the 
constitutional  convention  of  1877;  elected  as  a 
Democrat  to  the  Forty-seventh  and  Forty-eighth 
Congresses  (March  4,  1881-March  3,  1885);  died  in 
Newnan,  Ga.,  June  20,  1890. 

Buchanan,  James,  a  Representative  and  a 
Senator  from  Pennsylvania;  born  in  Cove  Gap,  near 
Mercersburg,  Franklin  county,  Pa.,  April  23,  1791; 
was  graduated  from  Dickinson  college  in  1809; 
moved  to  Lancaster,  Pa.,  the  same  year,  studied 
law,  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1812,  and  practiced  in 
Lancaster;  one  of  the  first  volunteers  in  the  War  of 
1812,  and  served  under  Judge  Shippen  in  the  defense 
of  Baltimore;  elected  a  member  of  the  house  of 
representatives  of  Pennsylvania  in  1814-1815; 
elected  as  a  Federalist  to  the  Seventeenth,  Eigh- 
teenth, Nineteenth,  Twentieth,  and  Twenty-first 
Congresses  (March  4,  1821-March  3,  1831);  minister 
to  Russia,  June,  1832,  to  August,  1834;  elected  as  a 
Democrat  to  the  United  States  Senate  to  fill  the 
vacancy  caused  by  the  resignation  of  William  Wil- 
kins;  twice  reelected,  and  served  from  December 
6, 1834,  until  he  resigned  on  March  5, 1845;  Secre- 
tary of  State  in  the  Cabinet  of  President  Polk 
March  6,  1845-March  7,  1849;  minister  to  Great 
Britain  1853-1856;  elected  as  the  candidate  of  the 
Democratic  party  President  of  the  United  States  in 
1856,  and  served  from  March  4,  1857,  to  March  3, 
1861;  retired  to  his  home  in  Wheatlancl,  near  Lan- 
caster, Pa.,  where  he  died  June  1,  1868;  interment 
in  Woodward  Hill  cemetery,  near  Lancaster,  Pa. 

Buchanan,  James,  a  Representative  from  New 
Jersey;  born  in  Ringoes,  Hunterdon  county,  N.  J., 
June  17, 1839;  attended  the  public  schools  and  Clin- 
ton academy;  studied  law  at  the  Albany  univer- 
sity; admitted  to  practice  in  1864;  reading  clerk  of 
the  New  Jersey  legislature  in  1866 ;  presiding  judge 
of  Mercer  county,  1874-1879;  member  of  the  com- 
mon council  of  Trenton,  1883-1885;  elected  as  a 
Republican  to  the  Forty-ninth,  Fiftieth,  Fifty- 
first,  and  Fifty-second  Congresses  (March  4,  1885- 
March  3,  1893);  resumed  the  practice  of  law  in 
Trenton,  N.  J. 

Buchanan,  John  Alexander,  a  Representative 
from  Virginia;  born  in  Smyth  county,  Va.,  October 
7,  1843;  private  in  the  Stonewall  brigade,  Con- 
federate army;  taken  prisoner  at  Gettysburg,  July 
3,  1863,  and  remained  in  prison  until  February, 
1865;  was  graduated  from  Emory  and  Henry  col- 
lege, Emory,  Va.,  June,  1870;  studied  law  at  the 
University  of  Virginia,  1870-71;  member  of  the 
house  of  delegates  of  Virginia,  1885-1887;  elected 
as  a  Democrat  to  the  Fifty-first  and  Fifty-second 
Congresses  (March  4,  1889-March  3,  1895);  resumed 
the  practice  of  law  in  Abingdon,  Va.;  elected  a 
member  of  the  court  of  appeals  of  Virginia  January 
1,  1895. 

Bucher,  John  Conrad,  a  Representative  from 
Pennsylvania;  born  in  Harrisburg,  Pa.,  December 
28,  1792;  attended  the  public  schools;  studied  law 
and  practiced  in  Harrisburg;  judge  of  the  circuit 
court;  elected  to  the  Twenty-second  Congress 
(March  4,  1831-March  3,  1833);  died  in  Harrisburg, 
Pa.,  October  20,  1851. 

Buck,  Alfred  Eliab,  a  Representative  from  Ala- 
bama; born  in  Foxcroft,  Me.,  February  7,  1832; 
graduated  from  Waterville  college,  Maine,  in 


1859;  in  1861  entered  the  Union  Army  as  captain  of 
company  C,  thirteenth  Maine  infantry!  appointed 
lieutenant  colonel  of  the-  Ninety-first  United 
States  colored  troops  in  August,  1863;  transferred 
to  the  Fifty-first  United  States  colored  troops  in 
October,  1864;  brevetted  colonel  of  volunteers  for 
gallant  conduct;  mustered  out  of  service  at  Baton 
Rouge,  La.,  June,  1866;  in  1867  member  of  the  con- 
stitutional convention  of  Alabama;  clerk  of  the 
circuit  court  of  Mobile  county,  1867-68;  presi- 
dential elector  in  1868;  elected  as  a  Republican  to 
the  Forty-first  Congress,  (March  4,  1869-March  3, 
1871);  president  Mobile  city  council  1873;  clerk  of 
United  States  circuit  and  district  courts  in  Atlanta, 
Ga.,  1874-1889;  United  States  marshal  northern 
district  of  Georgia  1889-1893;  appointed  minister  to 
Japan  by  President  McKinley  in  April,  1897,  and 
served  until  his  death  in  Tokyo,  Japan,  December 
4,  1902. 

Buck,  Charles  F.,  a  Representative  from  Louisi- 
ana; born  in  Durrheim,  Grand  Duchy  of  Baden, 
Germany,  November  5, 1841;  emigrated  to  America 
and  settled  in  New  Orleans,  La.;  was  graduated 
from  the  high  school  of  New  Orleans;  elected  as  a 
Democrat  to  the  Fifty-fourth  Congress  (March  4, 
1895-March  3,  1897). 

Buck,  Daniel,  a  Representative  from  Vermont; 
was  an  early  settler  in  Vermont,  and  took  an  active 
part  in  securing  its  recognition  as  one  of  the  states 
of  the  Union;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the 
bar,  and  practiced;  represented  Norwich  in  the 
state  house  of  representatives  for  several  years,  and 
speaker  1795-1796;  elected  to  the  Fourth  Con- 
gress (March  4,  1795-March  3,  1797);  again  a  mem- 
ber of  state  legislature  in  1806;  was  attorney 
general  of  Vermont;  died  in  1817. 

Buck,  Daniel  Azro  A.,  a  Representative  from 
Vermont;  born  in  yermont,  January  16,  1789;  was 
graduated  from  Middlebury  college  in  1807;  stu- 
dent at  the  Military  academy  at  West  Point  and 
commissioned  a  lieutenant  in  the  Army  in  1808; 
resigned  in  1811  and  studied  law;  in  1813  raised  a 
volunteer  company  of  rangers  and  served  until 
1815;  commenced  the  practice  of  law  in  Chelsea, 
Vt.;  member  of  the  state  legislature  for  sixteen 
years,  served  twelve  years  as  speaker  of  the  house; 
state  attorney  for  Orange  county  for  six  years; 
presidential  elector  in  1821;  elected  to  the  Eigh- 
teenth Congress  (March  4,  1823-March  3,  1825); 
reelected  to  the  Twentieth  Congress  (March  4, 1827- 
March  3, 1829);  died  in  Washington,  D.  C.,  Decem- 
ber 24,  1841. 

Buck,  John  Ransom,  a  Representative  from 
Connecticut;  born  in  Glastonbury,  Conn.,  Decem- 
ber 6,  1836;  attended  Wilbraham  (Mass.)  academy 
and  Wesleyan  university;  studied  law,  admitted  to 
the  bar  in  1862,  and  practiced  in  Hartford;  assistant 
clerk  of  the  Connecticut  house  of  representatives 
in  1864,  clerk  in  1865,  and  clerk  of  the  senate  in 
1866;  president  of  the  common  council  of  the  city 
of  Hartford  in  1868;  city  attorney,  1871-1873;  treas- 
urer of  the  county  of  Hartford,  1863-1881;  member 
of  the  state  senate  1880-1881;  secretary  of  the  state 
bar  association;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the 
Forty-seventh  Congress  (March  4,  1881-March  3, 
1883);  reelected  to  the  Forty-ninth  Congress  (March 
4, 1885-March  3, 1887) ;  resumed  the  practice  of  law 
in  Hartford,  Conn. 

Buckalew,  Charles  B.olHn,  a  Senator  and  a 
Representative  from  Pennsylvania;  born  in  Fishing 
Creek  township,  Columbia  county,  Pa.,  Decem- 


510 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 


her  28,  1821;  admitted  to  the  bar  in  August,  1843; 
settled  in  Bloomsburg,  Pa.,  in  1844;  prosecuting 
attorney  for  Columbia  county  1845-1847;  elected 
to  the  state  senate  in  1850  and  1853;  commissioner 
to  exchange  ratifications  of  a  treaty  with  Paraguay 
in  1854;  presidential  elector  in  1856;  chairman  of 
the  Democratic  state  committee  in  1857;  again 
elected  to  the  state  senate  in  1857;  resigned  in  1858; 
appointed  minister  resident  of  the  United  States  to 
the  Republic  of  Ecuador,  and  served  three  years; 
elected  in  1863  to  the  United  States  Senate,  and 
served  from  March  4, 1863,  to  March  3, 1869;  elected 
to  the  state  senate  in  1869,  for  the  fourth  time;  mem- 
ber of  the  constitutional  convention  of  1873; 
elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Fiftieth  and  Fifty-first 
Congresses  (March  4,  1887-March  3,  1891);  died  in 
Bloomsburg,  Pa.,  May  19, 1899. 

Buckingham,  William  Alfred,  a  Senator  from 
Connecticut;  born  in  Lebanon,  Conn.,  May  28, 
1804;  attended  the  public  schools  and  Bacon  acad- 
emy, Colchester,  Conn. ;  engaged  in  mercantile 
business  and  manufacturing;  mayor  of  Nor- 
wich, 1849,  1850,  1856,  and  1857;  presidential 
elector  in  1856 ;  governor  of  Connecticut,  1858-1866; 
elected  to  the  United,  States  Senate  as  a  Republi- 
can; took  his  seat  March  4,  1869,  and  served  until 
his  death  in  Norwich,  Conn.,  Februarys,  1875;  his 
statue  as  the  "war  governor  of  Connecticut" 
adorns  the  battle  flag  vestibule  of  the  statehouse  in 
Hartford,  Conn. 

Buckland,  Ralph  Pomeroy,  a  Representative 
from  Ohio;  born  in  Leyden,  Mass.,  January  20, 1812; 
moved  with  his  parents  to  Ohio;  was  graduated 
from  Kenyon  college,  Ohio;  studied  law,  and  after- 
wards settled  in  Fremont  and  practiced;  delegate 
to  the  Whig  national  convention  in  1848;  State 
senator  1855-1859;  in  1861  entered  the  Union  Army 
as  colonel  of  the  Seventy-second  Ohio  volunteers 
January  10,  1862;  commissioned  brigadier  general 
of  volunteers  November  29,  1862;  brevet  major 
general  March  13,  1865,  for  faithful  and  meritorious 
service;  resigned  from  the  army  January  6,  1865; 
elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Thirty-ninth  and 
Fortieth  Congresses  (March  4,  1865-jMarch  3,  1869); 
delegate  to  the  Philadelphia  Loyalists'  convention 
in  1866;  delegate  to  the  Pittsburgh  soldiers'  conven- 
tion and  Republican  national  convention  in  1876; 
Government  director  of  the  Union  Pacific  railroad, 
1877-1880;  died  in  Fremont,  Ohio,  May  28,  1892. 

Buckley,  Charles  Waldron,  a  Representative 
from  Alabama;  born  in  Unadilla,  Otsego  county, 
N.  Y.,  February  18,  1835;  in  1860  was  graduated 
from  Beloit  college,  Wisconsin,  and  in  1863  from 
the  Union  theological  seminary  in  New  York  City; 
entered  the  Union  Army  February  9,  1864,  and 
served  until  January  11,  1866,  when  he  was  mus- 
tered out;  Alabama  state  superintendent  of  educa- 
tion for  the  bureau  of  refugees  and  freedmen  in  1866 
and  1867;  in  1867  member  of  the  convention  which 
framed  the  constitution  of  Alabama;  elected  as  a 
Republican  to  the  Fortieth  Congress,  and  took  his 
seat  when  the  state  was  readmitted;  reelected  to 
the  Fortv-first  and  Forty-second  Congresses,  and 
served  from  July  21,  1868,  to  March  3,  1873;  pro- 
bate judge  of  Montgomery  county  1874-1878; 
postmaster  of  Montgomery  1881-1906;  died  in 
Montgomery,  Ala.,  December  4,  1906. 

Buckman,  Clarence  Bennett,  a  Representa- 
tive from  Minnesota;  born  near  Newtown,  Pa., 
April  1,  1851;  attended  the  common  schools;  re- 
moved to  Minnesota  in  1872;  elected  to  the  lower 
house  of  the  Minnesota  legislature  in  1881,  and 


afterwards  served  three  terms  in  the  state  senate; 
elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Fifty-eighth  and 
Fifty-ninth  Congresses  (March  4,  1903-March  3, 
1907);  resumed  business  pursuits  in  Little  Falls, 
Minn. 

Buckner,  Alexander,  a  Senator  from  Missouri; 
born  in  Jefferson  county ,  Ky.,  in  1775;  studied  law, 
and  was  admitted  to  the  bar;  moved  to  Charleston, 
Clark  county,  Ind.,  and  settled  upon  a  military 
grant  in  1812;  moved  to  Cape  Girardeau  county, 
Mo.,  in  1818;  and  commenced  the  practice  of  law; 
served  as  circuit  attorney;  member  and  president 
of  the  state  constitutional  convention  in  1820; 
member  of  the  state  senate  1822-1826;  elected 
to  the  United  States  Senate,  and  served  from 
March  4,  1831,  until  his  death,  on  his  farm  in  Cape 
Girardeau  county,  Mo.,  June  6,  1833,  reinterred 
in  1897  in  Cape  Girardeau,  Mo. 

Buckner,  Aylett,  a  Representative  from  Ken- 
tucky; born  in  Greensburg,  Ky.,  in  1828;  attended 
the  New  Athens  seminary;  member  of  the  state 
house  of  representatives  1842^13;  elected  as  a 
Whig  to  the  Thirtieth  Congress  (March  4,  1847- 
March  3,  1849);  practiced  law  in  St.  Louis,  Mo., 
and  Lexington,  Ky.;  died  in  Lexington,  Ky.,  in 
1864. 

Buckner,  Aylett  Hawes,  a  Representative 
from  Missouri;  born  in  Fredericksburg,  Va.,  De- 
cember 14,  1816;  attended  Georgetown  college  and 
the  University  of  Virginia;  taught  school  and 
studied  law;  went  to  Missouri  in  1837;  elected  in 
1841  probate  judge  of  Pike  county;  in  1850  re- 
moved to  St.  Louis  and  practiced  law;  elected  at- 
torney for  the  Bank  of  the  state  of  Missouri  in  1852; 
in  1854  appointed  commissioner  of  public  works; 
in  1857  elected  judge  of  the  third  circuit;  in  1861 
a  delegate  to  the  peace  congress;  elected  as  a 
Democrat  to  the  Forty-third  and  to  the  five  succeed- 
ing Congresses  (March  4,  1873-March  3,  1885);  died 
in  Mexico,  Mo.,  February  5,  1894. 

Buckner,  Richard  Aylett,  a  Representative 
from  Kentucky;  born  in  Fauquier  county,  Va., 
July  16,  1763;  studied  law  and  practiced  in  Greens- 
burg,  Ky.;  elected  as  an  anti-Democrat  to  the 
Eighteenth,  Nineteenth,  and  Twentieth  Congresses 
(March  4,  1823-March  3,  1829);  presidential  elector 
on  the  Harrison  ticket  in  1841;  circuit  judge  in 
1845;  judge  of  the  court  of  appeals  of  Kentucky; 
died  in  Greenburg,  Ky.,  December  8,  1847. 

Budd,  James  Herbert,  a  Representative  from 
California;  born  in  Janesville,  Wis.,  May  18,  1851; 
removed  to  California  in  his  boyhood ;  attended  the 
public  schools,  Brayton's  academy  in  Oakland, 
Cal.,  and  was  graduated  from  the  state  university; 
began  the  practice  of  law  in  1873;  elected  as  a 
Democrat  to  the  Forty-eighth  Congress  (March  4, 
1883-March  3,  1885);  governor  of  California  1894- 
1898;  library  trustee  and  fire  commissioner  of 
Stockton;  died  in  Stockton,  Cal.,  July  30,  1908. 

Buel,  Alexander  Woodruff,  a  Representative 
from  Michigan;  born  in  Castleton,  Vt.,  December 
13,  1813;  attended  public  schools  in  Poultney,  Vt., 
and  was  graduated  from  Middleburg  college  in 
1830;  taught  school  and  studied  law;  in  1835  com- 
menced practice  in  Detroit,  Mich.;  in  1836  city 
attorney;  member  of  the  state  legislature  in  1837 
and  1847;  prosecuting  attorney  for  Wayne  county 
1843-44;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Thirty- 
first  Congress  (March  4,  1849-March  3,  1851);  mem- 


BIOGRAPHIES. 


511 


her  state  house  of  representatives  1859-1860;  post- 
master of  Detroit  1861;  died  in  Detroit,  Mich., 
April  19,  1868. 

Buell,  Alexander  Hamilton,  a  Representative 
from  New  York;  born  in  Fairfield,  N.  Y.,  July  14, 
1801;  attended  the  Herkimer  county  academy; 
engaged  in  mercantile  pursuits  in  Herkimer,  and 
maintained  general  stores  in  other  cities;  elected 
as  a  Democrat  to  the  Thirty-second  Congress  and 
served  from  March  4, 1851 ,  until  his  death,  in  Wash- 
ington, D.  C.,  January  29,  1853;  interment  in  Fair- 
field,  Herkimer  county,  N.  Y. 

Buffington,  James,  a  Representative  from 
Massachusetts;  born  in  Fall  River,  Mass.,  March 
16,  1817;  attended  the  Friends'  college,  Provi- 
dence, R.  I.;  studied  medicine;  engaged  in  busi- 
ness in  Fall  River;  mayor  in  1854-55;  elected  as 
a  Republican  to  the  Thirty-fourth,  Thirty-fifth, 
Thirty  -  sixth,  and  Thirty  -  seventh  Congresses 
(March  4,  18557March  3,  1863);  participated  for  a 
time  in  the  Civil  War,  upon  the  staff  of  Gen. 
D.  N.  Couch;  special  agent  of  the  Treasury,  and 
internal  revenue  collector;  reelected  to  the  Forty- 
first,  Forty-second,  Forty-third,  and  Forty-fourth 
Congresses,  and  served  from  March  4,  1869,  until 
his  death  in  Fall  River,  Mass.,  March  7,  1875. 

Bufflngton,  Joseph,  a  Representative  from 
Pennsylvania;  born  in  West  Chester,  Pa.,  Novem- 
ber 27,  1803;  attended  the  common  schools  and 
Western  University,  Pittsburgh,  Pa. ;  studied  law, 
was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  July,  1826,  and  prac- 
ticed in  Kittanning,  Pa.;  elected  as  a  Whig  to 
the  Twenty-eighth  and  Twenty-ninth  Congresses 
(March  4, 1843-March  3, 1847);  appointed  president 
judge  of  the  eighteenth  district  in  1849;  declined 
the  appointment  of  chief  justice  of  Utah  Territory, 
tendered  by  President  Fillmore  in  1852;  judge  of 
the  tenth  district  from  1855  until  his  retirement  in 
1872;  died  in  Kittanning,  Pa.,  Februarys,  1872. 

Buffum,  Joseph,  jr.,  a  Representative  from  New 
Hampshire;  born  in  Fitchburg,  Mass.,  September 
23, 1784;  was  graduated  from  Dartmouth  college  in 
1806;  studied  law  and  practiced  in  Westmoreland, 
and  Keene,  N.  H.;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the 
Sixteenth  Congress  (March  4,  1819-March  3,  182J); 
appointed  judge  of  the  court  of  common  pleas 
January  21,  1825;  died  in  Westmoreland,  N.  H., 
February  24,  1874. 

Bugg,  Robert  M.,  a  Representative  from  Ten- 
nessee; born  in  Lynnville,  Tenn.;  attended  the 
public  schools;  elected  to  the  Thirty-third  Con- 
gress (March  4,  1853-March  3,  1855). 

Bulkeley,  Morgan  Gardner,  a  Senator  from 
Connecticut;  born  in  East  Had  dam,  Conn.,  De- 
cember 26,  1837;  attended  the  district  schools; 
moved  to  Hartford  in  1846;  in  1852  commenced 
business  in  Brooklyn,  N.  Y.,  and  continued  until 
1872 ;  many  years  a  member  of  the  Republican  gen- 
eral committee  of  Kings  county;  in  1862  enlisted  in 
the  thirteenth  regiment,  National  guard,  state  of 
New  York,  and  served  at  Baltimore  and  Suffolk, 
Va.,  under  the  command  of  Brig.  Gen.  Max  Weber; 
returned  to  Hartford  in  1872;  was  councilman  and 
alderman;  mayor,  1880-1888;  governor,  1889-1893; 
delegate  to  Republican  national  conventions  of 
1888  and  1896;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the 
United  States  Senate,  and  served  from  March  4, 
1905,  to  March  3,  1911;  resumed  business  in  Hart- 
ford, Conn.;  president  of  the  Aetna  Life  Insurance 
company. 


Bull,  John,  a  Delegate  from  South  Carolina; 
sat  in  the  Continental  Congress  1784—1787. 

Bull,  John,  a  Representative  from  Missouri; 
elected  to  the  Twenty-third  Congress  (March  4, 
1833-March  4,  1835). 

Bull,  Melville,  a  Representative  from  Rhode 
Island;  born  in  Newport,  R.  I.,  September  29, 
1854;  prepared  for  college  at  Phillips  academy, 
Exeter;  was  graduated  from  Harvard  in  1877;  rep- 
resentative in  the  state  legislature  1883-1885; 
senator,  1885-1892;  lieutenant  governor  1892-1894; 
member  of  Republican  state  central  committee, 
delegate  to  the  Republican  national  convention  in 
1888;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Fifty-fourth; 
Fifty-fifth,  Fifty-sixth,  and  Fifty-seventh  Con- 
gresses (March  4,  1895-March  3,  1903);  died  in 
Middletown,  R.  I.,  July  5,  1909;  interment  in 
Island  cemetery,  Newport,  R.  I. 

Bullard,  Henry  Adams,  a  Representative  from 
Louisiana;  born  in  Groton,  Mass.,  September  9, 
1781  j  was  graduated  from  Harvard  college  in  1807; 
studied  law  and  practiced;  accompanied  Gen. 
Toledo  as  military  secretary  on  a  revolutionary  ex- 
pedition into  New  Mexico,  which  was  repulsed  by 
the  Spanish  troops  at  San  Antonio;  took  up  his 
residence  in  Natchitoches,  La.,  where  he  practiced 
law:  elected  district  judge  in  1822;  elected  as  a 
Whig  to  the  Twenty -second  and  Twenty-third  Con- 
gresses; served  from  March  4,  1831,  until  Novem- 
ber 15,  1834,  when  he  resigned  to  become  judge  of 
the  supreme  court  of  Louisiana;  remained  on  the 
bench  until  1846,  with  the  exception  of  a  few 
months  in  1839,  when  he  acted  as  secretary  of  state 
of  Louisiana;  in  1850  member  of  the  state  house  of 
representatives;  elected  to  the  Thirty-first  Con- 
gress, to  fill  the  vacancy  caused  by  the  death  of 
Charles  M.  Conrad,  and  served  from  December  5, 
1850,  until  his  death  in  New  Orleans,  La.,  April  17, 
1851. 

Bulloch,  Archibald,  a  Delegate  from  Georgia; 
born  in  Charleston,  S.  C.,  in!730;  completed  prepa- 
ratory studies;  studied  law  and  was  admitted  to 
practice;  moved  to  Savannah,  Ga.;  in  1772  was 
speaker  of  the  state  house  of  commons;  president 
or  the  provincial  congress  of  Georgia  in  1775;  sat 
in  the  Continental  Congress  1775-1776;  president, 
of  the  executive  council  of  Georgia,  and  com- 
mander in  chief  of  Georgia  forces  from  June  20 
1776,  to  February  5,  1777,  when  the  state  govern- 
ment was  inaugurated;  died  in  Savannah,  Ga., 
February  22,  1777. 

Bullock,  Robert,  a  Representative  from  Florida; 
born  in  Greenville  City,  N.  C.,  December  8,  1828; 
attended  the  common  schools;  clerk  of  the  circuit 
court  for  three  terms;  commissioned  in  1856  by  the 
governor  a  captain  to  raise  a  mounted  company  of 
volunteers  for  the  suppression  of  Indian  hostilities; 
the  company  was  mustered  into  the  service  of  the 
United  States  and  served  eighteen  months,  until 
the  cessation  of  hostilities;  commenced  the  study 
of  law  in  1859,  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar;  began 
practice  in  1861;  in  1862  went  into  the  war  as  lieu- 
tenant colonel  of  the  Seventh  regiment  Florida 
volunteers,  and  remained  until  the  close  of  the 
war;  promoted  to  brigadier  general  m  1864;  judge 
of  probate  and  judge  of  county  criminal  courts; 
Tiki  en  elector  in  1876;  member  of  the  legislature 
in  1879;  clerk  of  the  circuit  court;  elected  as  a 
Democrat  to  the  Fifty-first  and  Fifty-second  Con- 
gresses (March  4,  1889-March  3,  1893);  died  in 
Ocala,  Fla.,  July  27,  1905. 


512 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIEECTORY. 


Bullock,  Stephen,  a  Representative  from  Mas- 
sachusetts; born  in  Massachusetts  October  10,  1735; 
member  of  the  first  state  constitutional  conven- 
tion; member  of  the  state  legislature  for  several 
years;  elected  to  the  Fifth  Congress  (March  4,  1797- 
March  3,  1799);  judge  of  the  court  of  common  pleas 
for  Bristol  county;  state  senator,  and  executive 
councilor;  captain  of  the  Sixth  company  in  Col. 
Thomas  Carpenter's  regiment  in  1812;  died  in 
Rehoboth,  Mass.,  February  2,  1816. 

BuUoch,  William  Bellinger,  a  Senator  from 
Georgia;  born  in  Savannah,  Ga.,  in  1776;  studied 
law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced 
practice  in  Savannah  in  1797;  mayor  in  1809; 
collector  of  customs;  during  war  of  1812  served 
in  the  Savannah  heavy  artillery;  appointed  to  the 
United  States  Senate,  to  fill  the  vacancy  caused 
by  the  resignation  of  William  H.  Crawford,  and 
served  from  April  8,  1813,  until  November  6,  1813; 
was  one  of  the  founders  of  the  state  Bank  of 
Georgia,  and  its  president  1816-1843;  died  in  Savan- 
nah, Ga.,May  6,  1852. 

Bunch,  Samuel,  a  Representative  from  Ten- 
nessee; born  in  Grainger  county,  Tenn.,  December 
4,  1786;  attended  the  public  schools;  served  in 
the  Creek  War  as  captain  of  a  company  of  mounted 
riflemen  under  Gen.  Jackson,  and  participated  in 
the  attack  on  Hillibeetown  November  18,  1813; 
was  sheriff  of  Grainger  county  for  several  years; 
elected  as  a  Whig  to  the  Twenty-third  and  Twenty- 
fourth  Congresses  (March  4,  1833-March  3,  1837); 
died  in  Rutledge,  Tenn.,  September  5,  1849. 

Bundy,  Hezekiah  Sanford,  a  Representative 
from  Ohio;  born  in  Marietta,  Ohio,  August  15,  1817; 
studied  law  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1850 
and  practiced;  moved  to  Wellston  in  1887;  elected 
to  the  state  house  of  representatives  in  1848  and 
1850,  and  to  the  state  senate  in  1855;  presidential 
elector  in  1860;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the 
Thirty-ninth  Congress  (March  4,  1865-March  3, 
1867);  reelected  to  the  Forty-third  Congress  (March 
4,  1873-March  3,  1875);  elected  to  the  Fifty-third 
Congress,  to  fill  the  vacancy  caused  by  the  death 
of  William  H.  Enochs;  took  his  seat  December  4, 
1893;  died  in  Wellston,  Ohio,  December  12, 
1895. 

Bundy,  Solomon,  a  Representative  from  New 
York;  born  in  Oxford,  Chenago  county,  N.  Y.,  May 
22, 1823;  attended  Oxford  academy;  taught  school 
for  several  years  and  studied  law;  in  1859  admitted 
to  the  bar  and  commenced  practice  in  Oxford;  dis- 
trict attorney  1862-1865;  elected  as  a  Republican 
to  the  Forty-fifth  Congress  (March  4,  1877-March  3, 
1879). 

Bunn,  Benjamin  Hickman,  a  Representative 
from  North  Carolina;  born  near  Rocky  Mount, 
Edgecombe  county,  N.  C.,  October  19,  1844;  com- 
pleted a  preparatory  course;  enlisted  in  the  Con- 
federate army  as  captain  fourth  company  sharp- 
shooters, MacRae's  brigade,  Army  of  Northern  Vir- 
ginia; read  law  and  licensed  to  practice  in  1867; 
member  of  the  state  constitutional  convention  in 
1875;  delegate  to  the  Democratic  national  conven- 
tion in  1880 ;  member  of  the  state  legislature  in  1883 ; 
presidential  elector  in  1884;  elected  as  a  Democrat 
to  the  Fifty-first,  Fifty-second,  and  Fifty-third 
Congresses  (March  4,  1889-March  3,  1895);  post- 
master at  Rocky  Mount,  N.  C.,  under  Cleveland's 
first  administration;  died  near  Rocky  Mount,  N.  C., 
August  25,  1907. 


Bunnell,  Frank  Charles,  a  Representative 
from  Pennsylvania;  born  in  Washington  township, 
Wyoming  county,  Pa.,  March  19,  1842;  left  Wyo- 
ming seminary-to  enlist  as  private  in  company  B, 
Fifty-second  Pennsylvania  volunteers,  in  Septem- 
ber, 1861;  promoted  and  served  as  quartermaster 
sergeant  of  his  regiment  during  the  Peninsular 
campaign  under  Gen.  McClellan;  discharged  April 
2,  1863,  on  a  surgeon's  certificate  of  disability; 
engaged  in  business  1864-1869;  elected  to  the 
Forty-second  Congress  in  1872,  to  fill  vacancy 
caused  by  the  resignation  of  Ulysses  S.  Mercur; 
took  his  seat  January  7,  1873,  and  served  until 
March  3,  1873;  elected  burgess  and  borough  treas- 
urer of  Tunkhannock  in  1884;  elected  as  a  Repub- 
lican to  the  Forty-ninth  and  Fiftieth  Congresses 
(March  4,  1885-March  3,  1889);  died  in  Philadel- 
phia, Pa.,  September  11,  1911. 

Bunner,  Rudolph,  a  Representative  from  New 
York;  born  in  Savannah,  Wayne  county,  N.  Y., 
August  17,  1779;  was  graduated  from  Columbia 
college;  studied  law  and  commenced  practice  in 
Newburgh,  N.  Y.,  in  1819;  moved  to  Oswego,  N.  Y., 
in  October,  1822;  elected  as  an  Adams  Demo- 
crat to  the  Twentieth  Congress  (March  4,  1827- 
March  3,  1829);  died  in  Oswego,  N.  Y.,  July  16, 
1837. 

Bunting,  Thomas  Lathrop,  a  Representative 
from  New  York;  born  in  Eden,  Erie  county,  N.  Y., 
April  24,  1844;  attended  the  common  schools  and 
Springville  academy;  engaged  in  business  in  Ham- 
burg, N.  Y.;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Fifty- 
second  Congress  (March  4,  1891-March  3,  1893); 
died  in  Buffalo,  N.  Y.,  December  27,  1898. 

Burch,  John  Chilton,  a  Representative  from 
California;  born  in  Boone  county,  Mo.,  February 
1,  1826;  attended  the  Bonne  Femme  academy  and 
Kemper  college;  studied  law  in  Jefferson  City; 
deputy  county  clerk  of  Cole  county  in  1855-56, 
and  assistant  adjutant  general  of  Missouri;  moved 
to  California  in  1850  and  worked  in  the  mines 
until  1851;  elected  clerk  of  the  newly  organized 
Trinity  county;  district  attorney  in  1853;  member 
of  the  state  house  of  representatives  in  1856  and  of 
the  state  senate  1857-1859;  elected  as  a  Lecompton 
Democrat  to  the  Thirty-sixth  Congress  (March  4, 
1859-March  3,  1861);  resumed  the  practice  of  law 
in  San  Francisco;  appointed  a  code  commissioner 
and  served  four  years;  declined  to  be  a  candidate 
for  supreme  judge  of  California;  died  in  San  Fran- 
cisco, Cal.,  August  31,  1885. 

Burchard,  Horatio  Chapin,  a  Representative 
from  Illinois;  born  in  Marshall,  Oneida  county,  N. 
Y.,  September  22, 1825;  was  graduated  from  Hamil- 
ton college,  New  York,  in  1850;  studied  and  prac- 
ticed law;  engaged  in  business;  member  of  the  legis- 
lature of  the  state,  1863-1866;  elected  as  a  Republi- 
can to  the  Forty-first  Congress,  to  fill  the  vacancy 
caused  by  the  resignation  of  Elihu  B.  Washburne; 
reelected  to  the  Forty-second,  Forty-third,  Forty- 
fourth,  and  Forty-fifth  Congresses,  and  served  from 
December  6,  1869,  to  March  3,  1879;  director  of 
the  United  States  mint  1879-1885;  died  in  Free- 
port,  111.,  May  14,  1908. 

Burchard,  Samuel  Dickinson,  a  Representa- 
tive from  Wisconsin;  born  in  Leyden,  N.  Y.,  July 
17,  1836;  moved  with  his  father  to  Wisconsin  in 
1845;  attended  Madison  university;  manufacturer 
of  woolen  goods;  entered  the  Union  Army  as  a 
lieutenant  in  the  Missouri  militia;  appointed 
assistant  quartermaster  of  United  States  volun- 


BIOGRAPHIES. 


513 


teers,  with  the  rank  of  captain;  stationed  at  New 
York,  where  he  had  charge  of  the  purchase  of 
forage  for  the  forces  on  the  Atlantic  coast;  was 
mustered  out  with  the  rank  of  major;  elected  to 
the  state  senate  of  Wisconsin  in  1872,  and  again  in 
1874;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Forty-fourth 
Congress  (March  4,  1875-March  3,  1877);  died  in 
Greenwood,  Tex.,  September  1,  1901. 

Burd,  George,  a  Representative  from  Penn- 
sylvania; born  in  1793;  elected  to  the  Twenty- 
second  and  Twenty-third  Congresses  (March  4, 1831- 
March  3,  1835);  died  in  Bedford,  Pa.,  January  13, 
1844. 

Burdett,  Samuel  Swinfin,  a  Representative 
from  Missouri;  born  in  Leicestershire,  England, 
February  21,  1836;  when  twelve  years  of  age  emi- 
grated to  the  United  States;  attended  the  schools 
of  Oberlin,  Ohio;  studied  law,  and  in  1858  com- 
menced practice  in  Dewitt,  Iowa;  entered  the 
Union  Army  as  a  private  in  the  First  regiment 
Iowa  volunteer  cavalry  in  May,  1861,  and  served 
until  August,  1864,  as  lieutenant  and  captain; 
presidential  elector  in  1864;  moved  to  Osceola,  St. 
(lair  county,  Mo.,  in  December,  1864;  appointed 
circuit  attorney  in  1866;  delegate  to  the  Chicago 
convention  of  1868;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the 
Forty -first  and  Forty-second  Congresses  (March  4, 
1869-March  3,  1873);  resumed  the  practice  of  law 
in  Osceola,  Mo.;  appointed  commissioner  of  general 
land  office  in  1874;  engaged  in  the  practice  of  law 
in  Washington,  D.  C.,  residence  in  Glencarlyn,  Va. 

Burdick,  Theodore  Weld,  a  Representative 
from  Iowa;  born  in  Evansburg,  Crawford  county, 
Pa.,  October  7,  1836;  with  his  parents  moved  to 
Decorah,  Iowa,  in  1853;  deputy  treasurer  and 
recorder  of  Winneshiek  county,  1854-1857;  treas- 
urer and  recorder  until  1862,  when  he  resigned  to 
recruit  a  company  for  the  Union  Army;  commis- 
sioned captain  and  assigned  to  the  Sixth  regiment 
Iowa  volunteer  cavalry,  in  which  he  served  for 
three  years  in  the  Department  of  the  Northwest; 
in  1865,  after  the  regiment  was  mustered  out,  he 
returned  to  Decorah  and  became  cashier  of  the 
First  National  Bank;  elected  as  a  Republican 
to  the  Forty-fifth  Congress  (March  4,  1877-March  3, 
1879);  died  in  Decorah,  Iowa,  July  16,  1898. 

Burges,  Dempsey,  a  Representative  from 
North  Carolina;  born  in  Camden  county,  N.  C.; 
took  an  active  part  in  the  Revolutionary  War; 
lieutenant-colonel  of  Gregory's  Continental  regi- 
ment; elected  to  the  Fourth  and  Fifth  Congresses; 
served  from  March  4,  1795,  to  July  16,  1798. 

Burges,  Tristam,  a  Representative  from  Rhode 
Island;  born  in  Rochester,  Mass.,  February  26, 
1770;  was  graduated  from  Brown  university  in 
1796;  studied  law,  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1799, 
and  practiced  in  Providence,  R.  I.;  member  of  the 
state  legislature  of  Rhode  Island  in  1811;  chief 
justice  of  Rhode  Island  in  1815;  elected  as  a  Feder- 
alist to  the  Nineteenth,  Twentieth,  Twenty-first, 
Twenty-second,  and  Twenty- third  Congresses 
(March  4,  1825-March  3,  1835);  resumed  the  prac- 
tice of  law;  died  in  Seekonk,  Mass.,  October  13, 
1853;  interment  in  the  North  burying  ground, 
Providence,  R.  I. 

Burgess,  George  Farmer,  a  Representative 
from  Texas;  born  in  Wharton  county,  Tex.,  Sep- 
tember 21,  1861;  attended  the  common  schools, 
and  studied  law;  admitted  to  the  bar  at  Lagrange, 
Tex.,  December,  1882;  county  attorney  of  Gonzales 

50346°— S.  Doc.  654,  61-2 33 


county,  1886-1889;  presidential  elector  for  the 
tenth  district  in  1892;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to 
the  Fifty-seventh,  Fifty-eighth,  Fifty-ninth,  Six- 
tieth, and  Sixty-first  Congresses  (March  4,  1901- 
March  3,  1911).  Reelected  to  the  Sixty-second  Con- 
gress. 

Burk,  Henry,  a  Representative  from  Pennsyl- 
vania; born  in  Wurttemberg,  Germany,  September 
26, 1850;  emigrated  to  the  United  States  and  settled 
in  Pennsylvania;  attended  public  schools  about 
three  years;  engaged  in  manufacturing;  elected 
as  a  Republican  to  the  Fifty-seventh  and  Fifty- 
eighth  Congresses;  served  from  March  4, 1901,  until 
his  death  in  Philadelphia,  December  5,  1903. 

Burke,  JBdanus,  a  Representative  from  South 
Carolina;  born  in  Galway,  Ireland,  June  16,  1743; 
attended  the  theological  college  at  St.  Omer,  in 
France;  visited  the  West  Indies,  and  came  to 
Charleston,  S.  C.;  enlisted  in  the  Revolutionary 
Army;  commenced  the  practice  of  law;  appointed 
a  judge  of  the  South  Carolina  supreme  court  in 
1778;  served  again  in  the  Revolutionary  Army  1780- 
1782,  afterwards  resumed  his  seat  on  the  bench 
and  in  1785  was  appointed  one  of  three  commis- 
sioners to  prepare  a  digest  of  the  state  laws;  elected 
as  a  Democrat  to  the  First  Congress,  and  served 
from  March  4,  1789,  until  1791,  when  he  resigned, 
the  South  Carolina  legislature  having  passed  a  law 
prohibiting  any  state  judge  from  leaving  the  state; 
member  for  several  years  of  the  state  legislature, 
and  became  state  chancellor;  died  in  Charleston, 
S.  C.,  March  30,  1802. 

Burke,  Charles  Henry,  a  Representative  from 
South  Dakota;  born  in  Genesee  county,  N.  Y., 
April  1,  1861;  attended  the  public  schools  of  Ba- 
tavia,  N.  Y.;  removed  to  Dakota  Territory  in 
1882;  read  law  and  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1886, 
but  engaged  in  the  real  estate  business;  elected  to 
the  legislature  in  1894.  and  reflected  in  1896; 
elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Fifty-sixth,  Fifty- 
seventh,  Fifty-eighth,  and  Fifty-ninth  Congresses 
(March  4,  1899-March  3,  1907);  reelected  to  the 
Sixty-first  Congress  (March  4,  1909-March  3,  1911). 
Reelected  to  the  Sixty-second  Congress. 

Burke,  Edmund,  a  Representative  from  New 
Hampshire;  born  in  Westminster,  Vt.,  January  23, 
1809;  studied  law,  and  began  practice  in  Newport, 
N.  H.,  in  1833;  established  the  New  Hampshire 
Argus,  and  edited  it  for  several  years;  commissioned 
as  adjutant  in  the  militia  in  1837  and  as  brigade 
inspector  in  1838;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the 
Twenty-sixth,  Twenty-seventh,  and  Twenty-eighth 
Congresses  (March  4,  1839-March  3,  1845);  ap- 
pointed Commissioner  of  Patents  by  President 
Polk,  and  served  from  May  5,  1846,  until  Sep- 
tember 3,  1850;  resumed  the  practice  of  law  in 
Newport,  N.  H.,  and  died  there,  January  25,  1882. 

Burke,  James  Francis,  a  Representative  from 
Pennsylvania;  born  in  Petroleum  Center,  Venango 
county,  Pa.,  October  21, 1867;  attended  the  public 
schools,  and  in  1892  was  graduated  from  the  law 
department  of  the  University  of  Michigan;  prac- 
ticed law  in  Pittsburgh ;  for  a  time  secretary  of  the 
Republican  national  committee;  elected  as  a  Re- 
publican to  the  Fifty-ninth,  Sixtieth,  and  Sixty- 
first  Congresses  (March  4,  1905-March  3,  1911). 
Reelected  to  the  Sixty-second  Congress. 

Burke,  Robert  Emmet,  a  Representative  from 
Texas;  born  in  Tallapoosa  county,  Ala.,  August  1, 
1847;  attended  public  schools;  volunteered  as  a 


514 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 


private  in  Company  D,  Tenth  Georgia  cavalry,  at 
the  age  of  sixteen  and  served  until  close  of  the 
war;  moved  to  Jefferson,  Tex.,  in  1866;  admitted 
to  the  bar  in  November,  1870;  located  in  Dallas  in 
1871;  elected  county  judge  in  1878  and  served 
three  consecutive  terms;  elected  district  judge  in 
1888  and  in  1892;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the 
Fifty-fifth,  Fifty-sixth,  and  Fifty-seventh  Con- 
gresses, and  served  from  March  4,  1899,  until  his 
death  in  Dallas,  Tex.,  June  5, 1901. 

Burke,  Thomas,  a  Delegate  from  North  Caro- 
lina; born  in  Gal  way,  Ireland,  about  1747;  studied 
medicine,  and  in  1764  emigrated  to  America  and 
located  in  Accomac  county,  Va.,  and  commenced 
practice;  studied  law,  and  went  to  Norfolk,  where 
he  practiced  for  a  time,  then  removed  to  Hillsboro, 
N.  C.,  in  1771;  delegate  to  the  state  conventions 
at  New  Berne  and  Hillsboro  in  1775,  and  at  Hali- 
fax in  1776;  sat  in  the  Continental  Congress  from 
December,  1776,  to  July,  1781,  when  he  was  elected 
the  third  governor  of  North  Carolina  under  its  state 
constitution;  kidnapped  September  13,  1781,  by 
the  Tories  and  carried  to  Charleston,  S.  C.,  where 
he  was  held  as  a  hostage;  succeeded  in  escaping, 
made  an  exchange,  and  resumed  his  duties  as  gov- 
ernor February  1,  1782;  died  in  Hillsboro,  N.  C., 
December  2,  1783. 

Burkett,  Elmer  Jacob,  a  Representative  and 
Senator  from  Nebraska;  born  in  Mills  county, 
Iowa,  December  1,  1867;  attended  public  school 
and  was  graduated  from  Tabor  college,  Tabor, 
Iowa,  in  1890,  and  from  the  law  department  of  the 
state  University  of  Nebraska  in  1893;  admitted  to 
the  bar  in  Lincoln  in  June,  1893,  and  practiced 
there;  elected  a  member  of  the  state  legislature  in 
1896;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Fifty-sixth, 
Fifty-seventh,  Fifty-eighth,  and  Fifty-ninth  Con- 
gresses, and  served  from  March  4,  1899,  to  March  3, 
1903;  resigned  after  the  last  election,  to  succeed 
Charles  H.  Dietrich  in  the  United  States  Senate, 
and  served  from  March  4,  1905,  to  March  3,  1911; 
resumed  the  practice  of  law  in  Lincoln,  Nebr. 

Burleigh,  Edwin  Chick,  a  Representative  from 
Maine;  born  in  Linneus,  Aroostook  county,  Me., 
November  27,  1843;  attended  the  common  schools 
and  Houlton  academy;  for  many  years  largely 
interested  in  the  timber  lands  of  his  state;  elected 
treasurer  of  the  state  in  1885;  reelected  in  1887, 
and  in  the  same  year  acquired  a  controlling  inter- 
est in  the  Kennebec  Journal,  published  at  Augusta; 
governor  of  Maine  1889-1892;  delegate  to  the  Re- 
publican national  convention  at  St.  Louis  in  1896; 
elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Fifty-fifth  Congress, 
to  fill  the  vacancy  caused  by  the  death  of  Seth  L. 
Milliken;  reelected  to  the  Fifty-sixth,  Fifty-sev- 
enth, Fifty-eighth,  Sixtieth,  and  Sixty-first  Con- 
gresses; served  from  July  1, 1897,  to  March  3,  1911; 
resumed  newspaper  publication  in  Augusta,  Me. 

Burleigh,  Henry  Gordon,  a  Representative 
from  New  York;  born  in  Canaan,  N.  H.,  June  2, 
1832;  attended  the  common  schools;  engaged  in 
business  connected  with  lumber,  coal,  mining  iron 
ore,  and  transportation;  supervisor  of  the  town  of 
Ticonderoga,  Essex  county,  N.  Y.,  for  several 
years;  member  of  the  assembly  from  Washington 
county  in  1876;  elected  to  the  Forty-eighth  and 
Forty-ninth  Congresses  (March  4,  1883-March  3, 
1887);  removed  to  Whitehall,  N.  Y.,  in  1867,  and 
died  there  August  10,  1900. 

Burleigh,  John  Holmes,  a  Representative  from 
Maine;  born  in  South  Berwick,  Me.,  October  9, 


1822;  pursued  preparatory  studies;  member  of  the 
state  house  of  representatives  in  1862,  1864,  1866, 
and  1872;  largely  engaged  in  financial  institutions; 
delegate  at  large  to  the  Republican  national  con- 
vention at  Baltimore  in  1864;  elected  as  a  Repub- 
lican to  the  Forty-third  and  Forty-fourth  Con- 
gresses (March  4,  1873-March  3,  1877);  died  in 
South  Berwick,  Me.,  December  5,  1877. 

Burleigh,  Walter  Atwood,  a  Delegate  from 
Dakota  Territory;  born  in  Waterville,  Me.,  Octo- 
ber 25,  1820;  attended  public  schools;  studied 
medicine  in  Burlington,  Vt.,  and  in  New  York  City, 
and  began  practice  in  Richmond,  Me.;  moved  to 
Kittanning,  Pa.,  in  1852;  declined  a  foreign  mis- 
sion tendered  by  President  Lincoln  in  1861;  Indian 
agent,  Greenwood,  Dakota  Territory,  1861-1865; 
elected  a  Delegate  to  the  Thirty-ninth  and  Fortieth 
Congresses  (March  4,  1865-March  3,  1869);  elected 
to  the  upper  house  of  the  territorial  legislature  in 
1377,  and  served  two  terms;  removed  to  Miles  City, 
Mont.  TV.;  member  of  the  state  convention  that 
framed  the  constitution  of  Montana;  served  in  the 
first  state  legislature;  prosecuting  attorney  of  Custer 
county;  state  senator  from  Yankton  county  in  1893; 
died  in  Yankton,  S.  Dak.,  March  8,  1896. 

Burleigh,  William,  a  Representative  from 
Maine;  born  in  Rockingham  county,  N.  H.,  Octo- 
ber 24,  1785;  studied  law  and  practiced  in  South 
Berwick,  Me. ;  elected  to  the  Eighteenth  and  Nine- 
teenth Congresses  (March  4,  1823-March  3,  1827); 
died  in  South  Berwick,  Me.,  July  2,  1827. 

Burleson,  Albert  Sidney,  a  Representative 
from  Texas;  born  in  San  Marcos,  Tex.,  June  7, 
1863;  attended  Coronal  institute,  San  Marcos,  and 
the  agricultural  and  mechanical  college  of  Texas, 
Baylor  university  of  Waco,  and  the  University  of 
Texas;  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1884;  assistant  city 
attorney  of  Austin,  1885-1890;  appointed  by  the 
governor  of  Texas  attorney  of  the  twenty-sixth 
judicial  district  in  1891;  elected  to  said  office  1892, 
1894,  and  1896;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Fifty- 
sixth,  Fifty-seventh,  Fifty-eighth,  Fifty-ninth, 
Sixtieth,  and  Sixty-first  Congresses  (March  4, 
1899-March  3,  1911).  Reelected  to  the  Sixty-second 
Congress. 

Burlingame,  Anson,  a  Representative  from 
Massachusetts;  born  in  New  Berlin,  N.  Y.,  Novem- 
ber 14,  1820;  moved  with  his  parents  to  Sencea 
county,  Ohio,  in  1823,  and  afterwards  to  Michigan ; 
was  graduated  from  Michigan  university  in  1843, 
and  from  the  law  department  of  Harvard  university 
in  1846;  studied  law,  and  commenced  practice  in 
Boston;  member  of  the  state  senate  in  1852,  and  of 
the  Massachusetts  constitutional  convention  in 
3853;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Thirty-fourth, 
Thirty-fifth,  and  Thirty-sixth  Congresses  (March  4, 
1855-March  3,  1861);  appointed  minister  to  Austria 
March  22,  1861,  but  was  not  accepted  by  the  Aus- 
trian Government  because  of  certain  policies 
known  to  be  his  regarding  Hungary  and  Sardinia; 
minister  to  China  June  14,  1861,  to  November  21, 
1867;  appointed  December  1,  1867,  by  the  Chinese 
Government  its  ambassador  to  negotiate  treaties 
with  foreign  powers;  died  in  St.  Petersburg,  Rus- 
sia, February  23,  1870. 

Burnell,  Barker,  a  Representative  from  Massa- 
chusetts; born  in  Nan  tucket,  Mass.,  January  30, 
1798;  member  of  the  state  house  of  representatives 
in  1819  and  of  the  state  senate  1824-25;  member  of 
the  Massachusetts  constitutional  convention ;  dele- 
gate to  the  Whig  national  convention  at  Harris- 


BIOGRAPHIES. 


515 


burg  in  1840;  elected  as  a  Whig  to  the  Twenty- 
seventh  and  Twenty-eighth  Congresses,  and  served 
from  March  4, 1841,'  until  his  death  in  Washington, 
D.  0.,  June  15,  1843. 

Burnes,  Daniel  Dee,  a  Representative  from 
Missouri;  born  in  Ringgold,  Platte  county,  Mo., 
January  4,  1851;  was  graduated  from  the  St.  Louis 
university  and  from  the  Harvard  law  school;  elect- 
ed as  a  Democrat  to  the  Fifty-third  Congress  (March 
4, 1893-March  3,  1895);  died  in  Buchanan  county, 
Mo.,  November  2,  1899. 

Burnes,  James  Nelson,  a  Representative  from 
Missouri;  born  in  Indiana  August  22.  1832;  at- 
tended the  common  and  high  schools;  studied 
law;  was  graduated  from  the  Harvard  law  school; 
admitted  to  the  bar  and  practiced;  circuit  attor- 
ney in  1856;  presidential  elector  in  1856;  judge 
of  the  common  pleas  court  1868-1872;  elected  as  a 
Democrat  to  the  Forty-eighth,  Forty-ninth, 
Fiftieth,  and  Fifty-first  Congresses,  and  served 
from  March  4, 1883,  until  his  death  in  Washington, 
D.  C.,  January  23,  1889. 

Burnet,  Jacob,  a  Senator  from  Ohio;  born  in 
Newark,  N.  J.,  February  22,  1770;  was  graduated 
from  Princeton  college  in  1791;  studied  law,  ad- 
mitted to  the  bar  in  1796,  and  practiced  in  Cincin- 
nati, Ohio,  one  of  three  judges  appointed  to  hold 
court  in  Cincinnati,  Vincennes,  and  Detroit;  mem- 
ber of  the  territorial  councils  of  Ohio  1799-1802; 
member  of  the  state  house  of  representatives  in 
1812;  judge  of  the  supreme  court  of  Ohio  1821- 
1828;  elected  to  the  United  States  Senate,  to  fill 
the  vacancy  caused  by  the  resignation  of  William 
H.  Harrison,  and  served  from  December  10,  1828, 
to  March  3,  1831;  member  of  the  commission  ap- 
pointed in  1831  by  the  States  of  Virginia  and  Ken- 
tucky to  settle  their  controversy  over  the  statute  of 
limitation  passed  by  Kentucky;  died  in  Cincin- 
nati, Ohio,  May  10,  1853. 

Burnett,  Edward,  a  Representative  from 
Massachusetts;  born  in  Boston,  Mass.,  March  16, 
1849;  was  graduated  from  Harvard  college  in 
1871;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Fiftieth  Con- 
gress (March  4,  1887-March  3,  1889). 

Burnett,  Frank  C.,  a  Representative  from 
Pennsylvania;  native  of  that  state;  a  resident  of 
Tunkhannock;  elected  to  the  Forty -second  Con- 
gress, to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  the  resignation  of 
Ulysses  S.  Mercur,  and  served  from  January  7, 
1873,  to  March  3,  1873. 

Burnett,  Henry  Cornelius,  a  Representative 
from  Kentucky;  born  in  Essex  county,  Va.,  Octo- 
ber 5,  1825;  studied  law  and  practiced  in  Cadiz, 
Ky.;  clerk  of  the  Trigg  county  circuit  court  1851- 
1853;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Thirty-fourth, 
Thirty-fifth,  Thirty-sixth,  and  Thirty-seventh 
Congresses,  but  was  expelled  December  3,  1861; 
had  been  president  of  the  Kentucky  southern 
conference  which  met  in  Russellville,  October 
29,  1861,  and  called  a  sovereignty  convention,  of 
which  he  was  also  president,  which  met  in  Russell- 
ville November  18,  and  passed  an  ordinance  of 
secession  and  organized  a  state  government; 
representative  from  Kentucky  to  the  Provisional 
Confederate  congress,  and  served  from  November 
18,  1861,  to  February  17,  1862;  senator  from  Ken- 
tucky to.  the  First  and  Second  Confederate  con- 
gresses; served  from  February  19,  1862,  to  Feb- 
ruary 18,  1865;  died  near  Hopkinsville,  Christian 
county,  Ky.,  September  29,  1866. 


Burnett,  John.  Lawson,  a  Representative  from 
Alabama;  born  in  Cedar  Bluff,  Cherokee  county, 
Ala.,  January  20,  1854;  attended  the  common 
schools  of  the  county,  the  Wesley  an  institute, 
Cavespring,  Ga.,  and  Gaylesville  High  School, 
Gaylesville,  Ala.;  admitted  to  the  bar  in  Cherokee 
county,  Ala.,  in  1876;  elected  to  the  lower  house 
of  the  state  legislature  in  1884  and  to  the  state 
senate  in  1886;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the 
Fifty-sixth,  and  to  the  five  succeeding  Congresses 
(March  4,  1899-March  3,  1911).  Reekcted  to  the 
Sixty-second  Congress. 

Burnett,  William,  a  Delegate  from  New  Jersey; 
born  in  Newark,  N.  J.,  December  2,  1730;  was 
graduated  from  Princeton  college  in  1749;  sat  in 
the  Continental  Congress,  and  served  from  Decem- 
ber 11,  1780,  to  April  1,  1781;  died  in  Newark, 
N.  J.,  October  7,  1791. 

Burnham,  Alfred  Ayery,  a  Representative 
from  Connecticut;  born  in  Windham,  Windham 
county,  Conn.,  March  8,  1819;  completed  a  prepar- 
atory course  and  attended  college  one  year;  stud- 
ied law,  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1843,  and  practiced 
in  Windham;  member  of  the  state  house  of  repre- 
sentatives in  1844,  1845,  1850,  and  1858;  was 
speaker  the  last  year;  clerk  of  the  state  senate  in 
1847;  lieutenant  governor  in  1857;  elected  as  a 
Republican  to  the  Thirty-sixth  and  Thirty-seventh 
Congresses  (March  4,  1859-March  3,  1863);  again  a 
member  of  the  state  house  of  representatives,  and 
speaker  in  1870;  died  in  Windham,  Conn.,  April 
11,  1879. 

Burnham,  Henry  Eben,  a  Senator  from  New 
Hampshire;  born  in  Dunbarton,  N.  H.,  November 
8,  1844;  attended  the  common  schools,  and  was 
prepared  for  college  at  Kimball  Union  academy, 
and  was  graduated  from  Dartmouth  college  in  1865; 
studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  April,  1868, 
and  practiced  in  Manchester,  N .  H . ;  judge  of  probate 
for  Hillsboro  county  1876-1879;  representative  in 
the  state  legislature  1873-74;  treasurer  of  Hillsboro 
county;  member  of  the  state  constitutional  con- 
vention of  1889;  served  as  ballot-law  commissioner; 
chairman  of  the  Republican  state  convention  to 
nominate  delegates  to  the  national  convention  in 
1888;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  United  States 
Senate  for  the  term  beginning  March  4,  1901;  re- 
elected  in  1906  for  the  term  expiring  March  4,  1913. 

.    4 

Burns,  Joseph,  a  Representative  from  Ohio; 
born  in  Waynesboro,  Va.,  March  11,  1800;  moved 
to  Ohio  and  attended  the  public  schools;  held 
several  offices  in  Coshocton  county;  elected  as  a 
Democrat  to  the  Thirty-fifth  Congress  (March  4, 
1857-March  3,  1859).  Engaged  in  the  drug  busi- 
ness in  Coshocton,  Ohio ;  probate  judge  of  Coshoc- 
ton county;  died  in  Coshocton,  Ohio,  May  12, 1875. 

Burns,  Robert,  a  Representative  from  New 
Hampshire;  born  in  New  Hampshire;  member  of 
the  Legislature  of  New  Hampshire;  served  in  both 
houses;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Twenty- third 
and  Twenty-fourth  Congresses  (March  4,  1833- 
March  3,  1837);  died. in  Plymouth,  N.  H.,  June 
20,  1866. 

Burnside,  Ambrose  Everett,  a  Senator  from 
Rhode  Island;  born  in  Liberty,  Ind.,  May  23,  1824; 
was  graduated  from  West  Point  in  1847;  served  in 
the  Mexican  and  Indian  Wars,  and  resigned  in  1852 
to  manufacture  a  breech-loading  rifle  of  his  own 
invention ;  removed  to  Illinois  and  was  appointed 


516 


CONGRESSIONAL   DIRECTORY. 


treasurer  of  the  Illinois  Central  railroad  in  1858; 
entered  the  Union  Army  May  2,  1861,  as  colonel 
of  the  First  Rhode  Island  volunteer  infantry; 
commanded  a  brigade  at  the  first  battle  of  Bull 
Run;  honorably  mustered  out  August  2,  1861;  com- 
missioned brigadier  general  of  volunteers  August  6, 
1861;  major  general  March  18,  1862;  commanded 
successively  the  expedition  to  North  Carolina  in 
1862,  the  left  wing  of  the  Union  army  at  Antietam, 
the  Army  of  the  Potomac,  and  the  Ninth  Army 
Corps;  received  the  thanks  of  Congress  for  himself 
and  the  officers  and  men  who  fought  under  his 
command  for  "gallantry,  good  conduct,  and  soldier- 
like endurance,"  by  resolution  of  January  28,  1864; 
resigned  April  15,  1865;  elected  governor  of  Rhode 
Island  in  1866,  1867,  and  1868;  visited  Europe  in 
1870,  and  admitted  within  the  German  and  French 
lines  in  and  around  Paris;  acted  as  a  medium  of 
communication  between  the  hostile  nations  in  the 
interests  of  conciliation;  elected  as  a  Republican 
to  the  United  States  Senate;  reelected,  and  served 
from  March  4,  1875,  until  his  death  in  Bristol,  R.  I., 
September  13,  1881;  interment  in  Swan  Point 
cemetery,  Providence,  R.  I. 

Burnside,  Thomas,  a  Representative  from 
Pennsylvania;  born  near  Newton  Stewart,  county 
Tyrone,  Ireland,  July  28,  1782;  immigrated  with 
his  father's  family  to  America  and  located  in 
Montgomery  county,  Pa.,  in  1793;  studied  law,  and 
commenced  practice  in  1804 ;  removed  to  Belief onte 
Pa.,  in  March,  1804;  practiced  law;  member  of  the 
state  senate  in  1811-12;  elected  to  the  Fourteenth 
Congress,  and  served  from  March  4,  1815,  to  April, 
1816,  when  he  resigned;  presiding  judge  of  the 
court  of  common  pleas  of  the  eleventh  judicial 
district;  again  elected  to  the  state  senate  and  its 
presiding  officer  in  1823,  and  on  January  1,  1845, 
was  appointed  an  associate  justice  of  the  supreme 
court  of  Pennsylvania;  died  in  Germantown,  Pa., 
March  25,  1851;  interment  in  Bellefonte,  Pa. 

Burr,  Aaron,  a  Senator  from  New  York;  born 
in  Newark,  N.  J.,  February  6,  1756;  was  graduated 
from  Princeton  college  in  1772;  studied  theology 
in  Litchfield,  Conn.,  1773,  but  soon  abandoned  it 
for  the  law  and  studied  in  I.itchfield  during  1774; 
entered  the  Continental  Army  in  1775;  distin- 
guished himself  at  Quebec,  Monmouth,  and  New 
Haven,  and  resigned  March  10,  1779,  owing  to  ill 
health;  studied  law,  admitted  to  the  bar  April  17, 
1782,  and  practiced  in  Albany;  moved  to  New  York 
in  1783;  member  of  the  state  house  of  representa- 
tives 1784-1798;  attorney  general  of  New  York  1789- 
1790;  commissioner  on  Revolutionary  claims  in 
1791;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  United  States 
Senate,  and  served  from  March  4,  1791,  until  March 
3,  1797;  president  of  the  state  constitutional  con- 
vention of  1801;  at  the  presidential  election  of  1801 
Burr  and  Jefferson  had  each  seventy-three  votes,  and 
the  House -of  Representatives  on  the  thirty-sixth 
ballot  elected  Jefferson  President  and  Burr  Vice 
President;  challenged  and  mortally  wounded  Alex- 
ander Hamilton  in  a  duel  fought  at  Weehawken, 
N.  J.,  July  7,  1804;  the  coroner's  jury  returned  a 
verdict  of  murder,  and  he  escaped  to  South  Carolina; 
returned  to  Washington,  and  completed  his  term  of 
service  as  Vice  President;  arrested  and  tried  for 
treason  in  August,  1807,  for  attempting  to  form  a 
republic  in  the  southwest  of  which  he  was  to  be  the 
head,  but  was  acquitted;  went  abroad  in  1808; 
returned  to  New  York  City  in  1812,  and  resumed 
thepracticeof  law;  died  in  Port  Richmond,  Staten 
Island,  N.  Y.,  September  14,  1836;  interment  in 
Princeton,  N.  J. 


Burr,  Albert  George,  a  Representative  from 
Illinois;  born  in  Genesee  county,  N.  Y.,  November 
8, 1829;  completed  preparatory  studies;  studied  and 
practiced  law;  member  of  the  state  legislature  of 
Illinois  1861-1864;  member  of  the  state  constitu- 
tional convention;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the 
Fortieth  and  Forty-first  Congresses  (March  4,  1867- 
March  8,  1871);  resumed  the  practice  of  law  in 
Carrollton,  111.;  judge  of  the  circuit  court;  died  in 
Carrollton,  111.,  June  10,  1882. 

Burrell,  Orlando,  a  Representative  from  Illi- 
nois; born  in  Bradford  county,  Pa.,  July  26,  1826; 
moved  with  his  parents  to  White  county,  111.,  in 
1834;  attended  the  common  schools;  raised  a  com- 
pany of  cavalry  in  June,  1861,  elected  its  captain, 
and  joined  the  First  regiment  Illinois  cavalry; 
elected  county  judge  in  1873  and  reelected  in  1877; 
elected  sheriff  in  1886;  elected  as  a  Republican  to 
the  Fifty-fourth  Congress  (March  4,  1895-March  3, 
1897);  a 'resident  of  Canni,  111. 

Burrill,  James,  jr.,  a  Senator  from  Rhode 
Island;  born  in  Providence,  R.  I.,  April  25,  1772; 
was  graduated  from  Brown  university  in  1788; 
ntudied  law,  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1791,  and  prac- 
ticed in  Providence;  attorney  general  of  Rhode 
Island  1797-1813;  member  of  the  general  assembly 
of  Rhode  Island  1813-14,  and  speaker  the  last  year; 
chief  justice  of  the  state  supreme  court  in  1816; 
elected  to  the  United  States  Senate,  and  served  from 
March  4, 1817,  until  his  death  in  Washington,  D.  C., 
December  25,  1820. 

Burroughs,  Silas  Mainville,  a  Representative 
from  New  York;  born  in  Ovid,  N.  Y.,  July  16, 1810; 
completed  a  prepatory  course;  member  of  the  state 
house  of  representatives  for  four  years;  elected  as 
a  Republican  to  the  Thirty-fifth  and  Thirty-sixth 
Congresses,  and  served  from  March  4,  1857,  until 
his  death  in  Medina,  N.  Y.,  June  3,  1860. 

Burrows,  Daniel,  a  Representative  from  Con- 
necticut; born  in  Groton,  Conn.,  about  1766;  pur- 
sued preparatory  studies;  studied  theology;  one  of 
the  commissioners  to  establish  the  boundary  line 
between  Connecticut  and  Massachusetts  in  1776; 
elected  to  the  Seventeenth  Congress  (March  4, 
1821-March  3,  1823);  surveyor  of  the  port  of 
Middletown  for  twenty  years;  died  in  Mystic, 
Conn.,  January  23,  1858. 

Burrows,  Joseph  H.,  a  Representative  from 
Missouri;  born  in  Manchester,  England,  May  15, 
1840;  immigrated  to  Quincy,  111.;  followed  various 
occupations;  member  of  the  state  house  of  repre- 
sentatives 1870-1874  and  1878-1880;  elected  as  a 
Greenbacker  to  the  Forty-seventh  Congress  (March 
4,  1881-March3,  1883). 

Burrows,  Julius  Caesar,  a  Representative  and 
a  Senator  from  Michigan;  born  in  North  East,  Erie 
county,  Pa.,  January  9,  1837;  moved  with  his 
parents  while  a  youth  to  Ashtabula  county,  Ohio; 
attended  district  school,  Kingsville  academy,  and 
Grand  River  institute,  Austinburg,  Ohio;  studied 
law,  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar;  removed  to  Rich- 
land,  Kalamazoo  county,  Mich.,  in  1860,  and  was 
principal  of  the  Richland  seminary  one  year;  in 
1861  entered  upon  the  practice  of  law  in  Kalamn- 
zoo;  in  1862  raised  a  company  for  the  seventeenth 
Michigan  infantry ,  and  served  as  its  captain  u  ntil  the 
fall  of  1863,  and  participated  in  the  engagements  at 
South  Mountain,  Antietam,  Fredericksburg,  Vicks- 
xirg,  Jackson,  and  Knoxville;  elected  circuit  court 
commissioner  in  1864;  prosecuting  attorney  for 


BIOGEAPHIES. 


517 


Kalamazoo  county  1866-1870;  elected  as  a  Repub- 
lican to  the  Forty-third  Congress  (March  4,  1873- 
March  3,  1875);  reelected  to  the  Forty-sixth  and 
Forty-seventh  Congresses  (March  4,  1879-March  3, 
1883);  delegate  at  large  in  the  Republican  national 
convention  in  Chicago  in  1884;  reelected  to  the 
Forty-ninth,  and  to  the  five  succeeding  Congresses, 
and  served  from  March  4,  1885,  until  January  23, 
1895,  when  he  resigned;  was  twice  elected  Speaker 
pro  tempore  in  the  Fifty-first  Congress;  elected 
United  States  Senator,  to  fill  vacancy  caused 
by  the  death  of  Francis  B.  Stockbridge,  and  took 
his  seat  January  23,  1895;  reelected  in  1899,  and 
1905,  and  served  until  March  3,  1911;  was  delegate 
at  large  and  temporary  chairman  of  the  Republican 
national  convention  held  in  Chicago  in  1908;  mem- 
ber of  the  National  monetary  commission,  and  its 
vice  chairman  during  its  existence,  May  30,  1908- 
March  31,  1912;  a  resident  of  Kalamazoo,  Mich., 
with  winter  residence  in  Washington,  D.  C. 

Burrows,  Lorenzo,  a  Representative  from  New 
York;  born  in  Groton,  Conn.,  March  15,  1805; 
attended  the  public  schools;  moved  to  Albion,  N.  Y. ; 
elected  as  a  Whig  to  the  Thirty-first  and  Thirty- 
second  Congresses  (March  4,  1849-March  3,  1853); 
elected  comptroller  of  the  state  of  New  York  in 
1855;  candidate  on  the  American  ticket  for  gov- 
ernor of  New  York  in  1858;  elected  regent  of  the 
University  of  New  York  in  1858,  and  served  until 
his  death  in  Albion,  N.  Y.,  March  6,  1885. 

Burt,  Armistead,  a  Representative  from  South 
Carolina;  born  in  Edgefield  district,  S.  C.,  Novem- 
ber 16, 1802;  completed  preparatory  studies;  studied 
law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  practiced  in  Wil- 
mington, S.  C. ;  moved  to  Abbeville  in  1828;  elected 
as  a  Democrat  to  the  Twenty -eighth,  Twenty-ninth, 
Thirtieth,  Thirty-first,  and  Thirty-second  Congresses 
(March  4,  1843-March  3,  1853);  served  as  Speaker 
pro  tempore  of  the  House  of  Representatives  during 
the  absence  of  Speaker  W  inthrop  in  1848 ;  delegate  to 
the  Democratic  national  convention  in  New  York 
in  1868;  died  in  Abbeville,  S.  C.,  October  30,  1883. 

Burton,  Charles  Germman,  a  Representative 
from  Missouri;  born  in  Cleveland,  Ohio,  April  4, 
1846;  moved  to  Warren,  Ohio,  and  attended  the 
public  schools;  enlisted  as  a  private  September  7, 
1861,  in  company  C,  Ninteenth  Ohio  infantry,  and 
served  with  the  regiment  until  discharged,  October 
29, 1862;  corporal  in  Company  A,  One  hundred  and 
seventy-first  Ohio  national  guards,  during  the 
"one  hundred  days"  campaign  of  1864;  admitted 
to  the  bar  in  Warren,  Ohio,  in  April,  1867;  located 
in  Virgil  City,  Mo. ;  finally  took  up  his  residence  in 
Nevada,  Mo.,  in  May,  1871;  circuit  attorney  and 
judge  of  the  twenty-fifth  circuit;  delegate  to  the 
national  Republican  convention  at  Chicago  in 
1884;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Fifty-fourth 
Congress  (March  4,  1895-March  3,  1897);  resumed 
the  practice  of  law  after  leaving  Congress;  collector 
of  internal  revenue;  delegate  at  large  to  the  national 
Republican  convention  in  1904;  commander  in 
chief  of  the  Grand  Army  of  the  Republic  in  1908. 

Burton,  Hiram  Rodney,  a  Representative 
from  Delaware;  born  in  Lewes,  Sussex  county, 
Del.,  November  13,  1841;  attended  the  schools  of 
his  native  town;  taught  for  two  years  in  the  schools 
of  Sussex  county ;  was  graduated  from  the  medical 
department  of  the  University  of  Pennsylvania  in 
1868,  and  practiced  his  profession  in  his  native 
town  and  county;  appointed  deputy  collector  of 
customs  for  the  port  of  Lewes  in  1877;  acting  assist- 
ant surgeon  United  States  marine-hospital  serv- 


ice 1890^1893,  stationed  at  Lewes;  delegate  in  the 
Republican  national  conventions  of  1896,  1900,  and 
1908;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Fifty-ninth 
and  Sixtieth  Congresses  (March  4,  1905-March  3, 
1909);  resumed  the  practice  of  medicine  in  Lewes, 
Del. 

Burton,  Hutchins  G.,  a  Representative  from 

North  Carolina;  born  in  Granville  county,  N.  C.; 
studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  com- 
menced practice  in  Mecklenburg  county;  member 
of  the  house  of  commons  of  North  Carolina  in  1810, 
elected  attorney  general  in  1810  and  resigned  in 
November,  1816;  moved  to  Halifax,  N.  C.;  again 
elected  to  the  house  of  commons  in  1816;  elected 
as  an  anti-Democrat  to  the  Sixteenth,  Seven- 
teenth, and  Eighteenth  Congresses,  and  served 
from  March  4, 1819,  until  March  23, 1824,  when  he 
resigned;  governor  of  North  Carolina  1824-1827; 
died  in  Iredell  county,  N.  C.,  April  21,  1836. 

Burton,  Joseph  Ralph,  a  Senator  from  Kansas; 
born  on  a  farm  near  Mitchell,  Lawrence  county, 
Ind.j  November  16,  1850;  completed  preparatory 
studies;  moved  to  Kansas;  editor  of  the  Salina 
Mirror;  was  elected  to  the  United  States  Senate,  to 
succeed  Lucien  Baker,  and  served  from  March  4, 
1901,  to  June  4,  1906,  when  he  resigned;  returned 
to  Kansas,  and  engaged  in  the  development  of 
farming  and  fruit  lands. 

Burton,  Robert,  a  Delegate  from  North  Caro- 
lina; born  in  Mecklenburg  county,  Va.,  October 
20,  1747;  moved  to  Granville  county,  N.  C.,  in 
1775;  served  in  the  Revolutionary  army,  and  at- 
tained the  rank  of  oolonel;  sat  in  the  Continental 
Congress  1787-1788;  member  of  the  commission 
which  established  the  boundary  line  between 
North  Carolina,  South  Carolina,  and  Georgia,  in 
1801;  died  in  Granville  county,  N.  C.,  May  31, 1825. 

Burton,  Theodore  Elijah,  a  Representative 
and  a  Senator  from  Ohio;  born  in  Jefferson,  Ash  ta- 
bula county,  Ohio,  December  20,  1851 ;  attended 
Grand  River  institute,  Austinburg,  Ohio;  Iowa 
college,  Grinnell,  Iowa,  and  was  graduated  from 
Oberlin  college  in  1872;  was  admitted  to  the  bar, 
began  the  practice  of  law  in  Cleveland  in  1875; 
member  of  the  Fifty-first  Congress  (March  4,  1889- 
March  3,  1891);  reelected  as  a  Republican  to  the 
Fifty-fourth,  Fifty-fifth,  Fifty-sixth,  Fifty-seventh, 
Fifty-eighth,  Fifty-ninth,  and  Sixtieth  Congresses 
(March  4,  1895-March  3,  1909);  elected  to  the 
United  States  Senate  for  the  term  beginning  March 
4,  1909. 

Bury  ell,  William  A.,  a  Representative  from 
Virginia;  born  in  Mecklenburg  county,  Va.,  about 
1780;  was  graduated  from  William  and  Mary  col- 
lege; moved  to  Franklin  county  in  1802;  elected  a 
member  of  the  state  house  of  delegates;  private 
secretary  to  President  Jefferson;  elected  as  a  Dem- 
ocrat to  the  Ninth  Congress,  to  fill  vacancy  caused 
by  the  resignation  of  Christopher  Clark;  reelected 
to  the  Tenth,  Eleventh,  Twelfth,  Thirteenth,  Four- 
teenth, Fifteenth,  and  Sixteenth  Congresses,  and 
served  from  December  1,  1806,  until  his  death  in 
Washington,  D.  C.,  February  16,  1821. 

Busby,  George  Henry,  a  Representative  from 
Ohio;  born  in  Davistown,  Pa.,  June  10,  1794;  at- 
tended the  public  schools;  moved  with  his  father 
to  Ohio  in  1810;  clerk  of  the  Marion  county  courts, 
and  subsequently  recorder  of  deeds;  elected  as  a 
Democrat  to  the  Thirty-second  Congress  (March  4, 
1851-March  3,  1853);  died  in  Marion,  Ohio,  August 
22,  1869. 


518 


CONGRESSIONAL   DIRECTOEY. 


Busey,  Samuel  Thompson,  a  Representative 
from  Illinois;  born  in  Greencastle,  Putnam  county, 
Ind.,  November  16,  1835;  moved  with  his  parents 
to  Illinois;  attended  the  public  schools  of  Urbana; 
studied  law;  attended  commercial  college  and  law 
lectures  1859-1860;  first  sergeant  and  then  first  lieu- 
tenant of  the  Urbana  zouaves  1861-1862;  town  col- 
lector 1862;  second  lieutenant  in  the  recruiting 
service  in  June  1862,  and  helped  to  organize  the 
seventy-sixth  Illinois  volunteer  infantry;  captain 
company  B  of  that  regiment  June  22,  1862;  lieu- 
tenant colonel  August  22,  1862;  colonel  January  7, 
1863;  brevet  brigadier  general  of  volunteers  April 
9, 1865,  "for  gallant  conduct  in  leading  his  regiment 
in  the  assault  on  Fort  Blakeley,  Ala.";  mustered 
out  of  the  service  July  22,  1865,  in  Chicago,  111.; 
mayor  of  Urbana  1880-1889;  elected  as  a  Democrat 
to  the  Fifty-second  Congress  (March  4,  1891- 
March  3,  1893). 

Bushnell,  Allen  Ralph,  a  Representative  from 
Wisconsin;  born  in  the  town  of  Hartford,  Trumbull 
county,  Ohio,  July  18,  1833;  attended  the  acade- 
mies of  Oberlin  and  Hiram,  and  studied  law;  ad- 
mitted to  the  bar  in  1857,  and  practiced;  went  to 
Wisconsin  in  1854,  and  settled  in  Platteville;  then 
to  Lancaster  in  1864,  and  to  Madison  in  1891; 
elected  district  attorney  of  Grant  county  in  1860; 
resigned  to  enter  the  Army  in  August,  1861;  served 
as  first  lieutenant,  and  afterwards  as  captain  of  com- 
pany C,  seventh  Wisconsin  volunteers;  member  of 
the  Iron  Brigade;  district  attorney  of  Grant  county 
in  1864;  member  of  the  state  legislature  in  1872; 
United  States  district  attorney  for  western  district 
of  Wisconsin  1886-1890;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to 
the  Fifty-second  Congress  (March  4,  1891-March  3, 
1893);  resumed  the  practice  of  law  in  Madison,  Wis., 
and  died  there  March  29,  1909. 

Butler,  Andrew  Pickens,  a  Sena  tor  from  South 
Carolina;  born  in  Edgefield  district,  S.  C.,  Novem- 
ber 17,  1796;  wag  graduated  from  the  College  of 
South  Carolina  in  1817;  studied  law,  was  admitted 
to  the  bar,  and  commenced  practice  in  Edgefield 
in  1819;  member  of  the  state  house  of  representa- 
tives for  several  years;  appointed  judge  of  the 
sessions  court  in  1833;  judge  of  the  state  court  of 
common  pleas  1835-^1846;  appointed  as  a  States 
Rights  Democrat  United  States  Senator,  to  fill  va- 
cancy caused  by  the  death  of  George  McDuffie; 
subsequently  elected,  and  reelected  by  the  legisla- 
ture, and  served  from  December  4,  1846,  until  his 
death  near  Edgefield,  S.  C.,  May  25,  1857. 

Butler,  Benjamin  Franklin,  a  Representative 
from  Massachusetts;  born  in  Deerfield,  N.  H., 
November  5,  1818;  was  graduated  from  Colby 
university,  Maine,  in  1838,  and  was  admitted  to 
the  bar  in  1840;  commenced  practice  in  Lowell, 
Mass.;  elected  to  the  state  house  of  representatives 
in  1853,  and  to  the  senate  in  1859;  delegate  in  the 
Democratic  national  conventions  in  Charleston 
and  Baltimore  in  1860;  entered  the  Union  Army 
April  17,  1861,  as  brigadier  general  in  command  of 
the  eighth  Massachusetts  regiment;  promoted  to 
major  general  May  16,  1861,  and  assigned  to  com- 
mand of  Fort  Monroe  and  the  Department  of 
Eastern  Virginia;  resigned  November  30,  1865; 
elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Fortieth,  Forty- 
first,  Forty-second,  and  Forty-third  Congresses 
(March  4,  1867-March  3,  1875);  reelected  to  the 
Forty-fifth  Congress  (March  4,  1877-March  3, 1879); 
unsuccessful  Republican  nominee  for  governor  of 
Massachusetts  in  1871;  changed  his  politics,  again 
became  a  candidate  for  governor,  and  was  again 


defeated;  elected  governor  in  1882  by  the  com- 
bined efforts  of  the  Greenback  and  Democratic 
electors;  presidential  candidate  on  the  Greenback 
and  Anti-Monopolist  ticket  in  1884;  died  in  Wash- 
ington, D.  C.,  January  11,  1893. 

Butler,  Chester,  a  Representative  from  Penn- 
sylvania; born  in  Wilkes-Barre,  Pa.,  March21, 1798; 
was  graduated  from  Princeton  college  in  1817; 
studied  law  in  the  Litchfield  law  school,  was  ad- 
mitted to  the  bar  August  8,  1820,  and  commenced 
practice  in  Wilkes-Barre;  register  and  receiver  of 
Luzerne  county  1821-1824;  member  of  the  state 
house  of  representatives  1832, 1838, 1839,  and  1843; 
elected  as  a  Whig  to  the  Thirtieth  and  Thirty- 
first  Congresses,  and  served  from  March  4,  1847, 
until  his  death  in  Philadelphia,  Pa.,  October  5, 
1850. 

Butler,  Ezra,  a  Representative  from  Vermont; 
born  in  Lancaster,  Worcester  county,  Mass.,  Sep- 
tember 24,  1763;  pursued  an  academic  course; 
studied  law,  and  commenced  practice  in  Water- 
bury,  Vt.,  in  1786;  member  of  the  state  assembly 
for  eleven  years,  and  of  the  executive  council  for 
fifteen  years;  first  judge  of  the  Chittenden  county 
court  1803-1806;  chief  justice  1806-1811;  elected 
as  a  Democrat  to  the  Thirteenth  Congress  (March  4, 
1813-March  3,  1815);  chief  justice  of  the  Jefferson 
county  court  1814-1826;  member  of  the  Vermont 
constitutional  convention  of  1822;  governor  of  Ver- 
mont 1826-1828;  died  in  Waterbury,  Vt.,  July  12, 
1838. 

Butler,  James  Joseph,  a  Representative  from 
Missouri;  born  in  St.  Louis,  Mo.,  August  29,  1862; 
attended  the  public  schools,  and  was  graduated 
from  the  St.  Louis  university  in  June,  1881,  and 
from  the  law  school  of  Washington  university;  ad- 
mitted to  practice  June  2,  1884;  served  for  seven 
years  as  city  attorney  of  St.  Louis;  elected  as  a 
Democrat  to  the  Fifty -seventh  Congress;  his  seat 
was  declared  vacant  June  28,  1902;  reelected,  but 
this  election  was  successfully  contested  by  George 
C.  R.  Wagoner  February  26,  1903;  reelected  to  the 
Fifty-eighth  Congress  (March  4, 1903-March  3, 1905) ; 
resumed  the  practice  of  law  in  St.  Louis,  Mo. 

Butler,  Josiah,  a  Representative  from  New 
Hampshire;  born  in  Pelham,  N.  H.,  in  1779;  was 
graduated  from  Harvard  college  in  1803;  studied 
law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced 
practice  in  South  Deerfield,  N.  H.,  in  1807;  repre- 
sentative in  the  state  legislature  for  several  terms; 
sheriff  of  Rockingham  county  1810-1813;  clerk  of 
the  court  of  common  pleas;  again  a  member  of  the 
state  legislature  1815-1816;  elected  as  a  Democrat 
to  the  Fifteenth,  Sixteenth,  and  Seventeenth  Con- 
gresses (March  4, 1817-March  3, 1823);  associate  jus- 
tice of  the  state  court  of  common  pleas  1825-1833; 
died  in  Deerfield,  N.  H.,  Novembers,  1854. 

Butler,  Matthew  Calbraith,  a  Senator  from 
South  Carolina;  born  near  Greenville,  S.  C.,  March 
8,  1836;  attended  the  academy  in  Edgefield,  and 
South  Carolina  college;  studied  law,  was  admit- 
ted to  the  bar  in  December,  1857,  and  practiced  in 
Edgefield;  elected  to  the  legislature  in  1860;  en- 
tered the  Confederate  service  as  captain  of  cavalry 
in  the  Hampton  legion  in  June,  1861,  and  became 
a  major  general  through  the  regular  grades;  re- 
elected  to  the  legislature  in  1866;  candidate  for 
lieutenant  governor  in  1870;  elected  as  a  Democrat 
to  the  United  States  Senate  to  succeed  Thomas 
J.  Robertson;  reelected  in  1882,  and  again  in  1889; 
served  from  December  2,  1877,  until  March  3,  1895; 


BIOGRAPHIES. 


519 


resumed  the  practice  of  law  in  Washington,  D.  C.; 
appointed  major  general  of  United  States  volun- 
teers in  the  War  with  Spain;  returned  to  Edgefield, 
S.  C.;  died  in  Columbia,  S.  C.,  April  14,  1909. 

Butler,  Marion,  a  Senator  from  North  Carolina; 
born  in  Sampson  county,  N.  C.,  May  20,  1863;  was 
graduated  from  the  University  of  North  Carolina 
in  1885;  edited  and  published  the  Clinton  Cauca- 
sian; moved  to  Raleigh,  and  continued  the  publi- 
cation of  the  paper;  member  of  state  senate  in  1890; 
chairman  of  the  Populist  state  committee  during 
the  campaign  of  1892;  elected  as  a  Populist  to  the 
United  States  Senate,  and  served  from  March  4, 
1895,  to  March  3,  1901;  engaged  in  the  practice  of 
law  in  Washington,  D.  C. 

Butler,  Mounce  Gore,  a  Representative  from 
Tennessee;  born  in  Jackson  county,  Tenn.,  May 
11,  1849;  attended  the  law  department  of  Cumber- 
land university  in  Lebanon,  Tenn.;  was  admit- 
ted to  the  bar,  and  practiced;  elected  attorney 
general  for  the  fifth  judicial  circuit  of  Tennessee  in 
1894,  and  served  eight  years;  was  elected  to  the 
Fifty-ninth  Congress  (March  4,  lOO^March  3, 1907); 
resumed  the  practice  of  law  in  Gainesboro,  Tenn. 

Butler,  Pierce,  a  Delegate  and  a  Senator  from 
South  Carolina;  born  in  Ireland,  July  11,  1744; 
pursued  preparatory  studies;  came  to  America  as  a 
member  of  the  British  army,  and  was  stationed  in 
Boston;  resigned  previous  to  the  Revolution,  and 
settled  in  Charleston,  S.  C.;  sat  in  the  Continental 
Congress  1787-1788;  member  of  the  convention 
which  framed  the  Federal  constitution  in  1787; 
elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  United  States  Senate, 
and  served  from  March  4,  1789,  to  1796,  when  he  re- 
signed; again  elected  to  the  United  States  Senate, 
to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  the  death  of  John  C. 
Calhoun,  and  served  from  October  18,  1803,  until 
1804,  when  he  again  resigned;  died  in  Philadelphia, 
Pa.,  February  15,  1822. 

Butler,  Roderick  Rondum,  a  Representative 
from  Tennessee;  born  in  Wytheville,  Va.,  April  9, 
1827 ;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  prac- 
ticed; appointed  postmaster  of  Taylorsville,  now 
Mountain  City,  by  President  Fillmore;  major  of  the 
first  battalion  of  Tennessee  militia;  county  judge 
in  1856;  member  of  the  legislature  fourteen  years, 
and  served  in  both  branches;  lieutenant  colonel 
of  the  thirteenth  Tennessee  cavalry;  member  of 
the  Baltimore  national  convention  of  1864;  dele- 
gate in  the  state  constitutional  convention  of  1865; 
chairman  of  the  first  state  Republican  executive 
committee  of  Tennessee;  member  of  the  Baltimore 
border  state  convention;  member  of  the  Philadel- 
phia and  Cincinnati  national  Republican  conven- 
tions; judge  of  the  first  judicial  circuit  of  Tennessee 
in  1865;  president  of  the  Republican  state  conven- 
tions of  1869  and  1882;  elected  as  a  Republican  to 
the  Fortieth,  Forty-first,  Forty-second,  and  Forty- 
third  Congresses  (March  4,  1867-March  3,  1875); 
reelected  to  the  Fiftieth  Congress  (March  4, 1887- 
March  3, 1889);  resumed  the  practice  of  law;  mem- 
ber of  the  state  senate  for  six  years,  until  his  death 
in  Mountain  City,  Tenn.,  August  18,  1902. 

Butler,  Sampson  H.,  a  Representative  from 
South  Carolina;  born  in  that  state;  elected  to 
the  Twenty-sixth  and  Twenty-seventh  Congresses 
and  served  from  March  4,  1839,  to  September  27, 
1842,  when  he  resigned. 

Butler,  Thomas,  a  Representative  from  Louisi- 
ana; born  in  Carlisle,  Pa.;  completed  preparatory 


studies;  moved  to  Louisiana;  elected  to  the  Fif- 
teenth Congress,  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  the 
resignation  of  Thomas  B.  Robertson;  reelected  to 
the  Sixteenth  Congress,  and  served  from  November 
16,  1818,  to  March  3,  1821;  died  in  New  Orleans, 
La.,  August  14,  1847. 

Butler,  Thomas  Belden,  a  Representative 
from  Connecticut;  born  in  Wethersfield,  Conn., 
August  22, 1806;  attended  the  common  schools,  and 
was  graduated  from  the  Yale  medical  school  in 
1828,  and  practiced  in  Norwalk,  Conn.,  eight  years; 
studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1837,  and 
commenced  practice  in  Norwalk;  member  of  the 
state  house  of  representatives  1832-1846 ;  state  sena- 
tor 1847-1848;  elected  as  a  Whig  to  the  Thirty-first 
Congress  (March  4,  1849-March  3,  1851);  judge  of 
the  superior  court  1855;  judge  state  supreme  court 
1861;  chief  justice  supreme  court  1870;  died  in 
Norwalk,  Conn.,  June  8,  1873. 

Butler,  Thomas  S.,  a  Representative  from 
Pennsylvania;  born  at  Uwchland,  Chester  county, 
Pa.,  November  4,  1855;  attended  the  common 
schools  and  an  academy;  studied  law,  was  ad- 
mitted to  the  bar,  and  practiced  in  West  Chester, 
Pa.;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Fifty-fifth, 
Fifty-sixth,  Fifty-seventh,  Fifty-eighth,  Fifty- 
ninth,  Sixtieth,  and  Sixty-first  Congresses  (March 
4,  1897-March  3,  1911).  Reelected  to  the  Sixty- 
second  Congress. 

Butler,  Walter  Halben,  a  Representative  from 
Iowa;  born  in  Springboro,  Crawford  county,  Pa., 
February  13,  1852;  moved  to  Iowa  in  1875;  elected 
as  a  Democrat  to  the  Fifty-second  Congress  (March 
3,  1891-March  3,  1893);  engaged  in  lumber  business 
in  Kansas  City,  Mo. 

Butler,  William,  a  Representative  from  South 
Carolina;  born  in  Prince  William  county,  Va., 
December  17,  1759;  attended  grammar  and  high 
schools;  moved  to  South  Carolina,  and  was  gradu- 
ated from  the  South  Carolina  college;  served  in  the 
Revolutionary  war  as  a  lieutenant  under  Gen. 
Benjamin  Lincoln  in  1779;  in  cavalry  squadron  of 
Count  Pulaski  in  1779;  captain  of  mounted  rangers 
under  Gen.  Pickens  in  1782;  member  of  the  state 
convention  which  adopted  the  Federal  consti- 
tution, and  of  the  state  constitutional  convention  of 
1787;  member  of  the  state  legislature  for  several 
years;  sheriff  in  1794;  elected  to  the  Seventh, 
Eighth,  Ninth,  Tenth,  Eleventh,  and  Twelfth 
Congresses  (March  4, 1801-March  3, 1813);  major-gen- 
eral commanding  the  troops  raised  for  the  defense 
of  South  Carolina  during  the  war  with  Great  Brit- 
ain; died  in  Edgefield  county,  S.  C.,  November  15, 
1821. 

Butler,  William,  a  Representative  from  South 
Carolina;  born  in  Columbia,  S.  C.;  was  graduated 
from  the  South  Carolina  college  in  1810;  elected  as 
a  Whig  to  the  Twenty-seventh  Congress  (March  4, 
1841-March  3,  1843). 

Butler,  William  Orlando,  a  Representative 
from  Kentucky;  born  in  Jessamine  county,  Ky.,  in 
1793;  pursued  preparatory  studies;  studied  law;  en- 
tered the  United  States  Army  in  September,  1812, 
as  sergeant  in  the  Second  infantry,  and  served 
throughout  the  War  with  Great  Britain;  commis- 
sioned second  lieutenant  September  28,  1812; 
captain  in  the  seventeenth  infantry  April  5,  1813; 
brevet  major  in  first  infantry  December  23,  1814, 
"for  gallant  conduct  at  New  Orleans,  La.";  re- 
signed May  31,  1817;  practiced  law  in  Carrollton, 
Ky.,  1817-1839;  elected  as  a  Van  Buren  Democrat 


520 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 


to  the  Twenty-sixth  and  Twenty-seventh  Con- 
gresses (March  4,  1839-March  3,  1843);  served  dur- 
ing the  War  with  Mexico;  was  commissioned  major 
general  of  volunteers  June  29, 1846 ;  received  thanks 
of  Congress,  and  a  sword,  in  recognition  of  his  gal- 
alntry  and  good  conduct  in  the  storming  of  Mon- 
terey, Mexico;  honorably  discharged  August  15, 
1848,  Democratic  candidate  for  vice  president  in 
1848  and  defeated;  member  of  the  Washington 
peace  congress;  died  August  6,  1880. 

Butman,  Samuel,  a  Representative  from 
Maine;  born  in  the  Maine  district  of  Massachusetts; 
member  of  the  state  house  of  representatives  of 
Maine  in  1822,  1826,  and  1827;  elected  to  the 
Twentieth  and  Twenty -first  Congresses  (March  4, 
1827-March  3,  1831);  county  commissioner  of  Pe- 
nobscot  county  in  1846;  served  in  the  state  senate, 
and  was  its  president  in  1853;  died  in  Dixmont, 
Me.,  in  1864. 

Butterfield,  Martin,  a  Representative  from 
New  York;  born  in  Westmoreland,  N.  H.,  Decem- 
ber 8,  1790;  attended  common  school;  moved  to 
Palmyra,  N.  Y.,  in  1828,  and  engaged  in  the  hard- 
ware business,  and  in  the  manufacture  of  rope  and 
cordage;  presidential  elector  in  1848;  elected  as  a 
Republican  to  the  Thirty-sixth  Congress  (March  4, 
1859-March  3,  1861);  died  in  Palmyra,  N.  Y., 
August  6,  1866. 

Butterworth,  Benjamin,  a  Representative 
from  Ohio;  born  near  Maineville,  Warren  county, 
Ohio,  October  22,  1837;  attended  the  common 
schools  of  Warren  county,  the  academy  in  Maine- 
ville, Ohio,  and  Ohio  university  in  Athens;  studied 
law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1861,  and  com- 
menced practice  in  Cincinnati,  Ohio;  appointed 
United  States  district  attorney;  member  of  the 
Ohio  senate  from  Warren  and  Butler  counties  1872- 
1874;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Forty-sixth 
and  Forty-seventh  Congresses  (March  4,  1879- 
March  3,  1883);  reelected  to  the  Forty-ninth,  Fif- 
tieth, and  Fifty-first  Congresses  (March  4,  1885- 
March  3,  1891);  appointed  a  commissioner  of  the 
Northern  Pacific  railroad  by  President  Arthur  in 
1883;  special  government  counsel  to  prosecute  the 
South  Carolina  election  cases  the  same  year;  re- 
sumed the  practice  of  law  in  Washington,  D.  C.; 
commissioner  of  patents  1896-1898 ;  died  in  Thomas- 
ville,  Ga.,  January  16,  1898. 

Buttz,  Charles  Wilson,  a  Representative  from 
South  Carolina;  born  in  Stroudsburg,  Pa.,  Novem- 
ber 16,  1837;  moved  with  parents  to  Buttzville, 
N.  J.,  in  1839 ;  completed  academic  studies;  studied 
law  in  Belvidere,  N.  J.;  entered  the  Union  army 
in  1861  as  second  lieutenant  in  the  eleventh  Penn- 
sylvania cavalry;  was  promoted  to  first  lieutenant 
in  1862;  received  two  brevet  ranks  from  the  Presi- 
dent, one  as  captain  "for  gallant  and  meritorious 
service  in  capturing  from  the  enemy  a  full  rocket 
battery,"  and  the  other  as  major  "for  gallant  and 
meritorious  service  in  front  of  Suffolk,  Va." 
both  dating  May,  1865;  was  wounded  in  1863;  re- 
signed on  account  of  impaired  health  in  October, 
1863;  commenced  the  practice  of  law  in  Norfolk, 
Va.;  delegate  to  the  national  convention  in  Balti- 
more in  1864;  appointed  director  of  the  Exchange 
bank  of  Virginia  in  1864;  commonwealth  attorney 
for  King  William  county  in  1866;  removed  to 
Charleston,  S.  C.,  in  1870;  elected  solicitor  of  the 
first  judicial  circuit  in  October,  1872,  for  four 
years;  Republican  candidate  for  the  Forty -fourth 
Congress,  at  which  election  the  certificate  was  given 
to  Edmund  W.  M.  Mackey;  contested  the  seat,  and 


on  July  19,  1876,  the  seat  was  declared  vacant; 
reelected  solicitor  for  four  years  November  7,  1876; 
was  also  elected  as  a  Republican  to  fill  the  va- 
cancy in  the  Forty-fourth  Congress,  and  served 
from  January  23,  1877,  to  March  3,  1877;  moved 
to  Fargo,  Territory  of  Dakota,  in  1878;  procured 
the  official  Organization  of  Ransom  county  in  1882 
and  established  his  residence  in  what  is  now 
known  as  Buttzville,  N.  Dak.;  elected  State's 
attorney  in  1884,  and  served  two  years;  member 
of  the  state  legislature  in  1903-1909. 

Bynum,  Jesse  Atherton,  a  Representative 
from  North  Carolina;  born  in  Halifax  county,  N.  C., 
May  23, 1797;  was  graduated  from  Princeton  college 
in  1816;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and 
commenced  practice  in  Halifax;  member  of  the 
house  of  commons  of  North  Carolina  1823-1824,  and 
1827-1830;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Twenty- 
third,  Twenty-fourth,  Twenty-fifth,  and  Twenty- 
sixth  Congresses  (March  4,  1833-March  3,  1841); 
moved  to  Alexandria,  La.,  where  he  engaged  in 
agricultural  pursuits;  died  in  Alexandria,  La., 
September  21,  1868. 

Bynum,  William  D.,  a  Representative  from 
Indiana;  born  near  Newberry,  Greene  county, 
Ind.,  June  26, 1846;  attended  the  common  schools, 
and  waa  graduated  from  the  state  university, 
Bloomington,  Ind.,  in  1869;  studied  law,  and  was 
admitted  to  practice  in  1869;  city  attorney  of  Wash- 
ington, Ind.,  1871-1875;  mayor  of  Washington,  Ind., 
1875^-1879;  Democratic  elector  in  1876;  moved  from 
Daviess  county  to  Marion  county  in  May,  1881; 
member  of  the  state  legislature  in  1882,  and  speaker 
of  the  house  in  1883;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the 
Forty-ninth,  Fiftieth,  Fifty-first,  Fifty-second,  and 
Fifty-third  Congresses  (March  4,  1885-March  3, 
1895);  located  in  Washington,  D.  C. ;  member  of  the 
commission  to  codify  the  United  States  criminal 
laws. 

Byrd,  Adam  Monroe,  a  Representative  from 
Mississippi;  born  in  Sumter  county,  Ala.,  July  6, 
1859;  moved  to  Neshoba  county.  Miss.;  attended 
the  common  schools,  and  Cooper  institute  in  Dale- 
ville,  and  was  graduated  from  the  law  department 
of  Cumberland  university,  Lebanon,  Tenn.,  in 
1884,  and  commenced  practice  in  his  home  county; 
elected  to  the  state  senate  in  1889,  and  served  two 
years,  until  the  adoption  of  the  new  constitution 
in  1892,  when  he  was  reelected,  and  served  four 
years;  elected  member  of  the  legislature  in  1895; 
resigned  when  appointed  prosecuting  attorney  for 
the  tenth  judicial  district;  appointed  judge  of  the 
sixth  chancery  district  in  1897;  reappointed  in 
1901;  elected  to  the  Fifty-eighth,  Fifty-ninth,  Sixti- 
eth and  Sixty-first  Congresses  (March  4,  1903- 
March  3,  1911);  resumed  the  practice  of  law  in 
Philadelphia,  Miss. 

Byrns,  Joseph  Wellington,  a  Representative 
from  Tennessee;  born  near  Cedar  Hill,  Robertson 
county,  Tenn.,  July  20,  1869;  attended  the  com- 
mon schools,  and  was  graduated  from  the  law  de- 
partment of  Vanderbilt  university,  Nashville, 
Tenn.;  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  practiced  in 
Nashville,  Tenn.;  member  of  the  state  house  of 
representatives,  and  served  as  speaker  in  1899; 
elected  to  the  state  senate  in  1900;  Democratic 
presidential  elector  in  1904;  elected  as  a  Democrat 
to  the  Sixty-first  Congress  (March  4,  1909-March  3, 
1911).  Reelected  to  the  Sixty-second  Congress. 

Byrns,  Sam,  a  Representative  from  Missouri; 
born  in  Jefferson  county,  Mo.,  March  4,  1848; 


BIOGKAPHIES. 


521 


studied  law,  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1872; 
collector  of  revenue  for  Jefferson  county  in  1872; 
Democratic  presidential  elector  in  1876;  member 
of  the  general  assembly  1876-1877;  member  of  the 
state  senate  in  1878;  member  of  the  Democratic 
state  central  committee  1886-1888;  Democratic 
presidential  elector  in  1888;  elected  as  a  Democrat 
to  the  Fifty-second  Congress  (March  4,  1891-March 
3,  1893);  resumed  the  practice  of  law  in  DeSoto, 
Mo. 

Cabaniss,  Thomas  Banks,  a  Representative 
from  Georgia;  born  in  Forsyth,  Monroe  county,  Ga., 
August  31, 1835;  was  graduated  from  the  University 
of  Georgia;  entered  the  Confederate  army  April  1, 
1861,  and  served  throughout  the  war;  elected  to  the 
house  of  representatives  of  Georgia  in  October,  1865; 
and  to  the  senate  for  four  terms;  secretary  of  the 
Btate  senate  in  1873;  solicitor  general  of  the  Flint 
circuit  for  four  years ;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the 
Fifty-third  Congress  (March  4, 1893-March  3,  1895); 
judge  of  the  city  court  of  Forsyth,  Ga. 

Cabell,  Edward  Carrington,  a  Representative 
from  Florida;  born  in  Richmond,  Va.,  February 
5,  1816;  attended  Washington  college  1832-1833; 
Reynolds's  classical  academy  1833-1834,  and  was 
graduated  from  the  University  of  Virginia  in  1836; 
moved  to  Florida  in  1837,  and  located  near  Talla- 
hassee; delegate  in  the  constitutional  convention 
of  1838;  returned  to  Virginia,  studied  law,  and 
was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1840;  returned  to  Talla- 
hassee, Fla.;  received  the  certificate  of  election 
as  Representative  from  Florida  to  the  Twenty- 
ninth  Congress,  but  the  House  gave  the  seat  to 
the  contestant,  W.  H.  Brockenborough,  January 
24,  1846;  elected  as  a  Whig  to  the  Thirtieth, 
Thirty-first,  and  Thirty-second  Congresses  (March 
4, 1847-March  3,  1853);  removed  to  St.  Louis,  Mo., 
in  1859;  served  in  the  Confederate  army  with 
rank  of  lieutenant  colonel;  practiced  law  in  New 
York  City  1868-1872,  and  subsequently  in  St. 
Louis,  Mo.;  member  state  senate  of  Missouri  1878- 
1882;  died  in  St.  Louis,  Mo.,  February  28,  1896. 

Cabell,  George  Craighead,  a  Representative 
from  Virginia;  born  in  Danville,  Va.,  January  25, 
1836;  attended  the  Danville  academy,  and  the  law 
school  of  the  University  of  Virginia  in- 1857;  was 
admitted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced  practice  in 
Danville  in  1858;  edited  the  Republican,  and  later 
the  Democratic  Appeal  in  Danville;  elected,  in 
September,  1858,  commonwealth  attorney  for  Dan- 
ville, and  served  until  April  23,  1861,  when  he  vol- 
unteered as  a  private  soldier  in  the  Confederate 
army;  commissioned  major  in  June,  1861,  and  as- 
signed to  the  eighteenth  Virginia  infantry;  at  the 
close  of  the  war  held  the  rank  of  colonel;  after  the 
war  resumed  the  practice  of  law;  elected  as  a  Dem- 
ocrat to  the  Forty-fourth,  Forty-fifth,  Forty-sixth, 
Forty-seventh,  Forty-eighth,  and  Forty-ninth  Con- 
gresses (March  4, 1875-March  3,  1887);  resumed  the 
practice  of  law  in  Danville,  Va. 

Cabell,  Samuel  Jordan,  a  Representative 
from  Virginia;  born  in  Virginia  December  15, 
1756;  attended  William  and  Mary  College,  left 
school  to  enter  the  Revolutionary  army;  captain 
of  Amherst  county  volunteers  in  1776,  assigned  to 
the  sixth  Virginia  regiment;  promoted  major  for 
gallantry  at  Saratoga  in  1777;  served  in  Wash- 
ington's army  1778-1779,  and  attained  the  rank 
of  lieutenant  colonel;  was  taken  prisoner  by  the 
British  May  12,  1780,  at  the  capture  of  Charleston; 
after  the  war  returned  to  Virginia;  member  of  the 
state  house  of  delegates  for  several  terms;  elected 


to  the  Fourth,  Fifth,  Sixth,  and  Seventh  Con- 
gresses (March  4,  1795-March  3,  1803);  died  in 
Nelson  county,  Va.,  August  4,  1818. 

Cable,  Benjamin  Taylor,  a  Representative 
from  Illinois;  born  in  Georgetown,  Scott  county, 
Ky.,  August  11,  1853;  moved  with  his  father's 
family  to  Rock  Island,  111.,  in  September,  1856; 
attended  the  public  schools  of  Rock  Island,  and 
was  graduated  from  the  University  of  Michigan 
in  June,  1876;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Fifty- 
second  Congress  (March  4,  1891-March  3,  1893); 
resumed  business  in  Rock  Island,  111. 

Cable,  Joseph,  a  Representative  from  Ohio; 
born  in  Ohio;  attended  the  public  schools;  elected 
as  a  Democrat  to  the  Thirty-first  and  Thirty -second 
Congresses  (March  4,  1849-March  3,  1853). 

Cabot,  George,  a  Senator  from  Massachusetts; 
born  in  Salem,  Mass.,  December  16, 1751;  attended 
Harvard  college;  delegate  in  the  state  provincial 
congress  in  1775,  to  the  state  constitutional  con- 
vention in  1777,  and  to  the  convention  which  rati- 
fied the  constitution  of  the  United  States;  elected 
as  a  Federalist  to  the  United  States  Senate,  and 
served  from  March  4, 1791,  until  June  9, 1796,  when 
he  resigned;  appointed  the  first  Secretary  of  the 
Navy  by  John  Adams,  May  3,  1798,  but  declined; 
member  of  the  executive  council  of  Massachusetts 
in  1808;  delegate  to  the  Hartford  convention  of 
1814,  and  was  its  presiding  officer;  died  in  Boston, 
Mass.,  April  18,  1823. 

Cadmus,  Cornelius  Andrew,  a  Representa- 
tive from  New  Jersey;  born  in  Bergen  county, 
N.  J.,  October  7,  1844;  attended  the  public  schools; 
elected  a  member  of  the  state  general  assmebly 
from  Passaic  county  in  1883;  sheriff  of  Passaic 
county  1887-1890;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the 
Fifty-second  and  Fifty-third  Congresses  (March 
4,  1891-March  3,  1895);  died  in  Paterson,  N.  J., 
January  20,  1892. 

Cadwalader,  John,  a  Representative  from 
Pennsylvania;  born  in  Philadelphia,  Pa.,  April  1, 
1805;  was  graduated  from  the  University  of  Penn- 
sylvania in  1821;  studied, law,  was  admitted  to  the 
bar,  and  commenced  practicing  in  Philadelphia, in 
1825 ;  was  captain  of  a  military  company  during  the 
riots  of  1844  in  Philadelphia;  elected  as  a  Nebraska 
Democrat  to  the  Thirty-fourth  Congress  (March  4, 
1855-March  3, 1857) ;  resumed  the  practice  of  law  in 
Philadelphia;  judge  of  the  United  States  district 
court  for  the  eastern  district  of  Pennsylvania  1858- 
1879;  died  in  Philadelphia,  Pa.,  Janurary  26,  1879. 

Cadwalader,  Lambert,  a  Delegate  and  Repre- 
sentative from  New  Jersey;  born  near  Trenton, 
N.  J.,  in  1742;  attended  the  University  of  Penn- 
sylvania in  1760;  entered  the  Revolutionary  army, 
and  commanded  a  regiment  of  "The  Greens"; 
lieutenant  colonel  of  third  Pennsylvania  battalion 
1776;  colonel  of  the  fourth  Pennsylvania  line,  and 
after  being  taken  a  prisoner  at  Fort  Washington  on 
the  Hudson  resigned  from  the  army;  member  of 
the  common  council  of  Philadelphia  at  the  begin- 
ning of  the  revolution ;  signed  the  non -importation 
agreement;  delegate  to  the  provincial  convention 
in  Pennsylvania  in  1775;  member  of  the  state  con- 
stitutional convention  of  1776;  sat  in  the  Conti- 
nental Congress  1784-1787;  elected  to  the  First 
Congress  (March  4,  1789-March  3,  1791),  reelected 
to  the  Third  Congress  (March  4,  1793-March  3, 
1795);  died  in  Greenwood,  near  Trenton,  N.  J., 
September  13,  1823. 


522 


CONGRESSIONAL   DIRECTORY. 


Cady,  Daniel,  a  Representative  from  New  York; 
born  in  Canaan,  Columbia  county,  N.  Y.,  April  29, 
1773;  attended  the  public  schools;  studied  law  in 
Florida,  N.  Y.,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  prac- 
ticed in  Johnstown,  N.  Y.;  member  of  the  state 
house  of  representatives  1809-1813;  elected  to  the 
Fourteenth  Congress  (March  4,  ISlSyMarch  3, 1817) ; 
resumed  the  practice  of  law;  justice  of  the  state 
supreme  court  from  1847  to  January  1,  1855,  when 
he  resigned;  presidential  elector  in  1856,  and 
president  of  the  state  electoral  college;  died  in 
Johnstown,  N.  Y.,  October  31,  1859. 

Cady,  John  W.,  a  Representative  from  New 
York;  born  in  that  state;  attended  the  public 
schools;  member  of  the  state  legislature  in  1822; 
elected  to  the  Eighteenth  Congress  (March  4, 1823- 
March  3,  1825). 

Caffery,  Donelson,  a  Senator  from  Louisiana; 
born  in  the  parish  of  St.  Mary,  La.,  September  10, 
1835;  attended  St.  Mary's  college,  Maryland; 
studied  law  in  Louisiana,  and  was  admitted  to 
the  bar;  served  in  the  Confederate  army,  first  in 
the  thirteenth  Louisiana  regiment  and  subse- 
quently on  the  staff  of  Gen.  W.  W.  Walker;  prac- 
ticed law,  and  engaged  in  sugar  planting;  member 
of  the  constitutional  convention  of  1879 ;  elected  to 
the  state  senate  in  1892 ;  appointed  to  the  United 
States  Senate,  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  the  death 
of  Randall  Lee  Gibson;  subsequently  elected,  and 
served  from  December  31,  1892,  until  the  close 
of  the  Fifty -sixth  Congress,  March  3,  1901;  died 
in  New  Orleans,  La.,  December  30,  1906. 

Ca^e,  Harry,  a  Representative  from  Mississippi; 
born  in  Tennessee ;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to 
the  bar,  and  practiced  in  Woodville,  Miss.;  ap- 
pointed judge  of  the  supreme  court  of  Mississippi; 
elected  to  the  Twenty -third  Congress  (March  4, 
1833-March  3,  1835);  retired  from  practice,  and 
settled  on  a  plantation  in  Louisiana,  where  he  died. 

Cahoon,  William,  a  Representative  from  Ver- 
mont; born  in  Providence,  R.  I.,  January  12, 
1774;  moved  with  his  father's  family  to  Lyndon, 
Vt.,  in  1791;  member  of  the  state  house  of  repre- 
sentatives for  several  years;  presidential  elector 
on  the  Madison  ticket  in  1809;  member  of  the 
executive  council  1815-1820;  county  judge;  lieu- 
tenant governor  of  Vermont  1820-1821;  elected 
upon  the  Anti-Masonic  ticket  to  the  Twenty-first 
and  Twenty-second  Congresses  (March  4,  1829- 
March  3,  1833);  died  in  Lyndon,  Vt.,  May  30,  1833. 

Cain,  Richard  Harvey,  a  Representative  from 
South  Carolina;  born  in  Greenbrier  county,  Va., 
April  12,  1825;  moved  with  his  father  to  Gallipolis, 
Ohio,  in  1831;  entered  the  ministry,  and  was  a 
pastor  in  Brooklyn,  N.  Y.,  1861-1865;  moved  to 
South  Carolina  in  1865;  member  of  the  constitu- 
tional convention  of  South  Carolina  in  1868;  mem- 
ber of  the  state  senate  for  two  years;  took  charge  of 
a  Republican  newspaper  in  1868;  elected  as  a 
Republican  to  the  Forty-third  and  Forty-fifth 
Congresses  (March  4,  1873-March  3,  1875,  and 
March  4,  1877-March  3,  1879);  elected  bishop  of 
the  African  Methodist  Episcopal  church ;  died  in 
"Washington,  D.  C.,  January  18,  1887. 

Caine,  John  Thomas,  a  Delegate  from  the  Terri- 
tory of  Utah;  born  in  the  parish  of  Kirk  Patrick,  Isle 
of  Man,  January  8, 1829 ;  attended  a  grammar  school ; 
came  to  the  United  States  in  1846,  and  lived  in  New 
York  City  and  St.  Louis  until  1852,  when  he  settled 
in  Utah;  one  of  the  founders  of  the  Salt  Lake  Herald 


in  1870;  managing  editor,  and  president  of  the  com- 
pany; served  as  secretary  of  the  legislative  council 
during  the  sessions  of  1856,  1857,  1859,  and  1860; 
member  of  the  constitutional  conventions  of  1872, 
and  1882,  which  asked  for  the  admission  of  Utah  as 
a  State;  elected  to  the  council  branch  of  the  legis- 
lative assembly  for  the  sessions  of  1874,  1876,  1880, 
and  1882;  recorder  of  Salt  Lake  City  in  1876,  1878, 
1880,  and  1882;  elected  on  the  People 's  ticket  to  the 
Forty-seventh  Congress,  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by 
the  action  of  the  House  in  declaring  the  Delegate- 
elect  ineligible,  and  took  his  seat  January  17, 1883; 
reelected  to  the  Forty-eighth,  Forty-ninth,  Fiftieth, 
Fifty-first,  and  Fifty-second  Congresses;  and  served 
until  March  3,  1893;  elected  state  senator  in  1896; 
died  in  Salt  Lake  City,  Utah,  September  20,  1911. 

Cake,  Henry  Lotz,  a  Representative  from  Penn- 
sylvania; born  in  Northumberland  County,  Pa., 
October  6,  1827;  learned  the  art  of  printing,  and 
published  the  Pottsville  Mining  Record  until  the 
Civil  war;  entered  the  Union  Army  April  17,  1861, 
as  a  second  lieutenant,  and  was  elected  colonel  of 
the  twenty-fifth  Pennsylvania  regiment  in  Wash- 
ington May  1,  1861;  reorganized  the  regiment  after 
three  months'  service;  commanded  the  ninety- 
sixth  Pennsylvania  volunteers  from  September  23, 
1861,  to  March  12, 1863,  when  he  resigned ;  after  the 
war  engaged  in  the  manufacture  of  machinery  for 
the  preparation  of  and  in  the  mining  and  shipping 
of  anthracite  coal;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the 
Fortieth  and  Forty-first  Congresses  (March  4,  1867- 
March  3,  1871);  died  in  Northumberland,  Pa.,  Au- 
gust 26,  1899. 

Calder,  William  Musgrave,  a  Representative 
from  New  York;  born  in  Brooklyn,  N.  Y.,  March  3, 
1869;  attended  the  public  schools  of  Brooklyn,  and 
the  Cooper  institute  in  New  York;  appointed  build- 
ing commissioner  of  the  borough  of  Brooklyn  Janu- 
ary 1,  1902,  and  served  1902-1903;  delegate  in  the 
Republican  national  conventions  of  1908  and  1912; 
elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Fifty-ninth,  Six- 
tieth, and  Sixty-first  Congresses  (March  4,  1905- 
March  3,  1911).  Reelected  to  the  Sixty-second  Con- 
gress. 

Calderhead,  William  Alexander,  a  Represent- 
ative from  Kansas;  born  in  Perry  county,  Ohio,  Sep- 
tember 26, 1844;  attended  the  common  schools;  en- 
listed in  August,  1862,  as  a  private  in  company  H, 
one  hundred  and  twenty-sixth  Ohio  infantry; 
transferred  to  company  D,  ninth  veteran  re- 
serves, for  disability  incurred  in  the  service,  and 
discharged  June  27,  1865;  went  to  Kansas  in  1868; 
read  law,  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar;  settled  in 
Marysville  in  November,  1879,  and  engaged  in  the 
practice  of  law;  elected  county  attorney  in  the  fall 
of  1888,  and  served  two  years;  elected  as  a  Repub- 
lican to  the  Fifty-fourth,  Fifty-sixth,  Fifty-sev- 
enth, Fifty-eighth,  Fifty-ninth,  Sixtieth,  and 
Sixty-first  Congresses  (March  4, 1895-March  3, 1897, 
and  March  4,  1899-March  3,  1911);  resumed  the 
practice  of  law  in  Marysville,  Kans. 

Caldwell,  Alexander,  a  Senator  from  Kansas; 
born  in  Huntingdon  county,  Pa.,  March  1,  1830; 
attended  the  public  schools;  enlisted  in  1847  as  a 
solider  in  the  Mexican  war;  returned  to  Columbia, 
Pa.,  in  1848,  where  he  was  employed  in  a  bank,  and 
subsequently  in  business;  went  to  Kansas  in  1861, 
where  he  engaged  in  the  transportation  of  military 
supplies  to  the  various  posts  on  the  plains;  became 
largely  interested  in  the  building  of  railroads  and 
bridges;  elected  to  the  United  States  Senate  as  a 
Republican  for  the  term  beginning  March  4,  1871, 


BIOGRAPHIES. 


523 


and  served  until  March  24, 1873,  when  he  resigned; 
resumed  business  in  Leaven  worth,  Kans.;  presi- 
dent of  the  First  National  bank  of  Leaven  worth. 

Caldwell,  Andrew  J.,  a  Representative  from 
Tennessee;  born  in  Montevallo,  Ala.,  in  1837;  was 
graduated  from  Franklin  college,  Tennessee;  en- 
tered the  Confederate  army,  and  served  until  the 
close  of  the  war;  studied  law,  and  was  admitted  to 
the  bar  in  January,  1867;  elected  attorney  general 
for  the  district  of  Davidson  and  Rutherford  coun- 
ties, Tenn.,  in  August,  1870,  and  served  eight 
years ;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Forty -eighth 
and  Forty-ninth  Congresses  (March  4,  1883-March 
3,  1887);  died  in  Nashville,  Tenn.,  November  22, 
1906. 

Caldwell,  Benjamin  Franklin,  a  Representa- 
tive from  Illinois;  born  near  Carroll  ton,  Greene 
county,  111.,  August  2,  1848;  moved  with  his  par- 
ents in  April,  1853,  to  Chatham,  111.;  attended  the 
high  school;  member  of  the  board  of  supervisors  of 
Sangamon  county  1877-1878;  member  of  the  Illinois 
house  of  representatives,  1882-1886;  and  of  the  state 
senate  1890-1894;  upon  his  election  to  Congress  in 
1898  he  resigned  the  presidency  of  the  Farmers'  Na- 
tional bank  of  Springfield,  which  he  had  held  since 
1885 ;  president  of  the  Caldwell  state  bank  of  Chat- 
ham; elected  to  the  Fifty -sixth,  Fifty-seventh,  and 
Fifty-eighth  Congresses  (March  4,  1899-March  3, 
1905);  defeated  for  the  Fifty-ninth  Congress,  re- 
elected  to  the  Sixtieth  Congress  (March  4,  1907- 
March  3,  1909);  resumed  banking  in  Chatham,  111. 

Caldwell,  George  Alfred,  a  Representative 
from  Kentucky;  born  in  Adair  county,  Ky.;  elected 
as  a  Democrat  to  the  Twenty-eighth  Congress 
(March  4, 1843-March3, 1845);  commissioned  major 
and  quartermaster  of  volunteers  in  the  War  with 
Mexico  June  26,  1846;  major  of  infantry  March  3, 
1847;  major  of  voltigeurs  April  9, 1847;  brevet  lieu- 
tenant colonel  September  13,  1847,  "for  gallant  and 
meritorious  service  in  the  battle  of  Chapultepec, 
Mexico  " ;  honorably  mustered  out  August  25, 1848 ; 
reelected  to  the  Thirty-first  Congress  (March  4, 
1849-March3, 1851);  delegate  in  the  Union  national 
convention  in  Philadelphia  in  1866;  died  in  Louis- 
ville, Ky.,  September  17,  1866. 

Caldwell,  Greene  Washington,  a  Representa- 
tive from  North  Carolina;  born  in  Gaston  county, 
N.  C.,  April  13,  1811;  studied  medicine;  and  was 
graduated  from  the  medical  department  of  the 
University  of  Pennsylvania  in  1831,  and  practiced; 
assistant  surgeon  in  the  United  States  army  July 
13,  1832,  to  October  19,  1832;  studied  law,  and  was 
admitted  to  the  bar,  and  afterwards  practiced  in 
Charlotte ;  member  of  the  state  legislature  for  several 
years;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Twenty-seventh 
Congress  (March  4, 1841-March3, 1843);  appointed 
superintendent  of  the  United  States  mint  in  Char- 
lotte in  1844;  participated  in  the  War  with  Mexico 
as  captain  of  infantry  March  3, 1847;  captain  of  the 
third  dragoons  April  9,  1847,  and  was  mustered  out 
July  20,  1848. 

Caldwell,  James,  a  Representative  from  Ohio; 
born  in  Baltimore,  Md.,  November  30,  1770;  re- 
ceived a  liberal  schooling;  moved  with  his  father 
to  West  Virginia  in  1772,  and  located  on  what  is 
now  the  site  of  the  city  of  Wheeling;  moved  to  St. 
Clairsville,  Ohio,  in  1799;  merchant,  and  subse- 
quently a  banker;  member  of  the  constitutional 
convention  which  framed  the  first  constitution  of 
Ohio;  clerk  of  the  court  of  Belmont  county,  Ohio, 
1806-1810;  captain  in  an  Ohio  regiment  in  the 


War  of  1812;  member  of  the  state  senate  1811- 
1812;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Thirteenth  and 
Fourteenth  Congresses  (March  4,  1813-March  3, 
1817);  again  member  of  the  state  senate  1819- 
1824;  resumed  banking,  and  mercantile  business 
in  St.  Clairsville,  Ohio;  died  in  Wheeling,  W.  Va., 
in  May,  1838;  interment  in  St.  Clairsville,  Ohio. 

Caldwell,  John  A.,  a  Representative  from  Ohio; 
born  in  Fairhaven,  Preble  county,  Ohio,  April  21, 
1853;  attended  the  common  schools  of  his  native 
county;  was  graduated  from  the  Cincinnati  law 
college  in  1876,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and 
practiced;  elected  prosecuting  attorney  of  Cin- 
cinnati in  1881,  and  1883;  elected  judge  of  the 
city  court  in  1887 ;  president  of  the  Ohio  Republi- 
can league;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Fifty- 
first,  Fifty-second,  and  Fifty-third  Congresses, 
and  served  from  March  4,  1889,  until  May  1,  1894, 
when  he  resigned;  elected  mayor  of  Cincinnati 
April  3,  1894. 

Caldwell,  John  H.,  a  Representative  from  Ala- 
bama; born  in  Huntsville,  Ala.;  attended  Bacon 
college,  Harrodsburg,  Ky.;  member  of  the  legis- 
lature of  Alabama  in  1857  and  1858;  studied 
law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1859  and  prac- 
ticed; elected  solicitor  for  the  tenth  judicial 
circuit;  reelected  in  the  session  of  1863-1864; 
deposed  by  the  provisional  governor  in  1865;  re- 
elected  the  same  winter,  and  in  1867  was  removed 
from  office  for  refusing  to  obey  military  orders; 
elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Forty-third  and  Forty- 
fourth  Congresses  (March  4,  1873-March  3,  1877). 

Caldwell,  John  William,  a  Representative  from 
Kentucky;  born  in  Russellville,  Logan  county, 
Ky.,  January  15,  1838;  entered  the  Confederate 
army  as  captain  September  20,  1861,  promoted  to 
major,  lieutenant  colonel,  and  colonel  of  the  ninth 
Kentucky  regiment  of  infantry;  elected  county 
judge  of  Logan  county  in  1866,  and  reelected  in 
1870;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Forty-fifth,  For- 
ty-sixth, and  Forty-seventh  Congresses  (March  4, 
1877-March  3,  1883);  died  in  Russellville,  Ky., 
July  4,  1903. 

Caldwell,  Joseph  Pearson,  a  Representative 
from  North  Carolina;  born  in  Iredell  County,  N.  C., 
March  5, 1808;  attended  Bethany  academy;  studied 
law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced 
practice  in  States  ville;  member  of  the  state  house 
of  representatives  in  1838,  1840,  and  1842;  elected 
as  a  Whig  to  .the  Thirty-first  and  Thirty-second 
Congresses,  and  served  from  March  4, 1849,  until  his 
death  in  Statesville,  N.  C.,  June  30,  1853. 

Caldwell,  Patrick  C.,  a  Representative  from 
South  Carolina;  born  in  that  state;  resided  near 
Newberry;  elected  as  a  States  Right  Democrat  to 
the  Twenty-seventh  Congress  (March  4,  1841- 
March  3,  1843). 

Caldwell,  Robert  P.,  a  Representative  from 
Tennessee;  born  in  Adair  county,  Ky.,  December 
16,  1821;  attended  the  public  schools;  studied  law 
and  commenced  practice  at  Trenton;  member  of 
the  lower  branch  of  the  general  assembly  of  Ten- 
nessee in  1847  and  1848,  and  of  the  upper  branch 
in  1855  and  1856;  elected  attorney  general  in  the 
sixteenth  judicial  circuit  of  Tennessee  in  1858; 
major  in  the  twelfth  Tennessee  infantry  of  the 
Confederate  service;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to 
the  Forty-second  Congress  (March  4,  1871-March  3, 
1873). 


524 


CONGRESSIONAL   DIRECTORY. 


Caldwell,  William  P.,  a  Representative  from 
Tennessee;  born  at  Christrnasville,  Tenn.,  Novem- 
ber 8,  1832;  attended  Cumberland  college,  Ken- 
tucky; studied  law  in  Lebanon;  practiced  in  Dres- 
den, Tenn.;  member  of  the  state  house  of  repre- 
sentatives in  1857  and  1859 ;  presidential  elector  on 
the  Douglas  ticket  in  1860;  delegate  to  the  Demo- 
cratic national  convention  in  New  York  in  1868; 
elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Forty-fourth  and 
Forty-fifth  Congresses  (March  4,  1875-March  3, 
1879). 

x  » 

Gale,  Thomas,  a  Delegate  from  the  Territory 
of  Alaska;  born  in  Underbill,  Chittenden  county, 
Vt.,  September  17,  1848;  attended  the  district 
schools,  and  the  academy  in  Underbill;  moved 
to  Fond  du  Lac  county,  Wis.,  in  1869;  elected 
clerk  of  the  town  several  terms,  and  represented 
the  town  on  the  county  board  for  three  years; 
elected  sheriff  of  Fond  du  Lac  county  in  1888  and 
served  two  years;  went  to  Alaska  in  1898  and  fol- 
lowed the  vocation  of  prospector,  elected  as  an 
Independent  to  the  Sixtieth  Congress  (March  4, 
1907-March  3,  1909);  engaged  in  business  in  Fon 
du  Lac,  Wis. 

Calhoun,  John,  a  Representative  from  Ken- 
tucky; born  in  Henry  county,  Ky.,  in  1797; 
studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  prac- 
ticed; member  of  the  state  legislature  in  1820  and 
1821,  1829,  and  1830;  elected  as  a  Whig  to  the 
Twenty-fourth  and  Twenty-fifth  Congresses  (March 

4,  1835-March  3,  1839);  moved  to  St.  Louis,  Mo., 
in  1839.  where  he  continued  the  practice  of  law; 
returned    to    Kentucky,   and   in   January,    1842, 
was  appointed  judge  of  the  fourteenth  judicial 
district. 

Calhoun,  John  Caldwell,  a  Representative  and 
a  Senator  from  South  Carolina;  born  in  Abbe- 
ville district,  S.  C.,  March  18,  1782;  attended 
Willington  academy  and  was  graduated  from  Yale 
college  in  1804;  studied  law,  was  graduated  from 
the  Litchfield,  Conn.,  law  school  in  1806,  admitted 
to  the  bar  in  1807,  and  began  practice  in  Abbeville, 

5.  C. ;  member  of  the  state  general  assembly  in  1808 
and  1809 ;  elected  as  a  War  Democrat  to  the  Twelfth, 
Thirteenth,  and  Fourteenth  Congresses  (March  4, 
1811-March  3,  1817);  appointed  Secretary  of  War 
by  President   Monroe  October   8,   1817,    entered 
upon  the  duties  of  the  office  December  10,  follow- 
ing, and  served  until  March  3,  1825;  Vice  President 
of  the  United  States  March  4, 1825,  to  December  28, 
1832,   when  he  resigned;  elected  tf>  the  United 
States  Senate,  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  the  resig- 
nation of  Robert  Y.  Hayne,  elected  governor;  was 
reelected  and   served    from  December  12,  1832, 
to  March  3,  1843,  when  he  resigned;  appointed 
Secretary  of  State  by  President  Tyler  March  6, 
1844,  entered  upon  duties  April  1, 1844,  and  served 
until  March  6,  1845;  again  elected  to  the  United 
States  Senate,  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  the  resig- 
nation of  Daniel  E.  Huger,  and  served  from  No- 
vember 26,  1845,  until  his  death  in  Washington, 
D.  C.,  March  31,  1850. 

Calhoun,  John  Ewing,  a  Senator  from  South 
Carolina;  born  in  1749 ;  was  graduated  from  Prince- 
ton college  in  1774;  studied  law,  and  in  1789  com- 
menced practice  in  Charleston,  S.  C. ;  commissioner 
of  confiscated  estates;  member  of  the  state  house 
of  representatives  for  several  years;  elected  to  the 
United  States  Senate  as  a  Democrat  and  served 
from  March  4,  1801,  until  his  death,  near  Fort  Hill, 
S.  C.,  Novembers,  1802. 


Calhoun,  Joseph,  a  Representative  from  South 
Carolina ;  born  in  that  state ;  elected  to  the  Tenth  and 
Eleventh  Congresses  (March  4,  1807-March3, 1811). 

Calhoun,  William  Barron,  a  Representative 
from  Massachusetts;  born  in  Boston,  Mass.,  Decem- 
ber 29,  1796;  in  1814  was  graduated  from  Yale  col- 
lege; studied  law  and  practiced  in  Springfield; 
member  of  the  state  house  of  representatives  1825 
to  1835,  serving  two  years  as  speaker;  elected  as  a 
Whig  to  the  Twenty-fourth,  Twenty -fifth,  Twenty- 
sixth,  and  Twenty-seventh  Congresses  (March  4, 
1835rMarch  3,  1843);  member  of  the  state  senate, 
and  its  president  in  1846  and  1847 ;  secretary  of  state 
of  Massachusetts  1848-1851;  state  bank  commis- 
sioner 1853-1855;  presidential  elector  on  the  Clay 
and  Frelinghuysen  ticket  in  1844;  mayor  of  Spring- 
field in  1859;  again  a  member  of  the  state  legisla- 
ture in  1861;  died  in  Springfield,  Mass,  November  8, 
1865. 

Calkin,  Hervey  Chittenden,  a  Representative 
from  New  York;  born  in  Maiden,  N.  Y.,  March  23, 
1828;  attended  the  public  schools;  removed  to  New 
York  City  in  1847;  employed  in  the  Morgan  iron 
works  for  five  years;  in  1852  became  a  dealer  in 
metals,  and  identified  himself  with  the  shipping 
interests  of  the  country;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to 
the  Forty-first  Congress  (March  4,  1869-March  3, 
1871);  resumed  business  in  New  York  City,  but  re- 
tired in  1904;  a  resident  of  the  Borough  of  the 
Bronx,  New  York  City. 

Calkins,  William  Henry,  a  Representative  from 
Indiana;  born  in  Pike  county,  Ohio,  February  18, 
1842;  studied  law;  admitted  to  the  bar  and  prac- 
ticed; served  in  the  Union  Army  from  May,  1861, 
to  December,  1865,  except  three  months  in  1863, 
belonging  to  the  fourteenth  Iowa  infantry  and  the 
twelfth  Indiana  cavalry;  took  up  his  residence  in 
Lapprte,  Ind.;  became  state  attorney  for  the  ninth 
Indiana  judicial  circuit  1866-1870;  member  of  the 
state  house  of  representatives  in  1871;  elected  to 
the  Forty-fifth,  Forty-sixth,  Forty-seventh,  and 
Forty-eighth  Congresses,  and  served  from  March 
4,  1877,  to  October  20,  1884,  when  he  resigned; 
took  up  his  residence  in  Tacoma,  Wash.,  and 
practiced  law;  appointed  United  States  associate 
justice  of  the  Territory  of  Washington  in  April, 
1889,  and  served  until  November  ll,  1889,  when 
the  territory  was  admitted  as  a  state  into  the  Union ; 
died  in  Tacoma,  Wash.,  January  29,  1894. 

Call,  Jacob,  a  Representative  from  Indiana; 
was  graduated  from  an  academy  in  Kentucky; 
studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar  and  practiced 
in  Vincennes  and  Princeton,  Ind.;  was  judge  of 
the  Knox  circuit;  elected  to  the  Eighteenth  Con- 
gress, to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  death  of  William 
Prince,  and  served  from  December  23,  1824,  to 
March  3,  1825. 

Call,  Richard  Keith,  a  Delegate  from  the  Ter- 
ritory of  Florida;  born  near  Petersburg,  Va.,  in 
1791;  in  1814  entered  the  United  States  Army  as 
first  lieutenant  of  the  forty-fourth  infantry;  vol- 
unteer aid  to  Maj.  Gen.  Jackson,  April,  1818;  in 
July,  1818,  made  captain,  and  resigned  May  1, 
1822;  located  in  the  Territory  of  Florida;  member 
of  the  Territorial  legislative  council  in  1822 ;  brig- 
adier general  of  the  West  Florida  Militia  in  1823; 
elected  Delegate  to  the  Eighteenth  Congress 
(March  4, 1823-March  3, 1825);  governor  of  the  Ter- 
ritory 1835-1844 ;  was  defeated  for  governor  of  the 
new  state  of  Florida  in  1845;  died  in  Tallahassee, 
Fla.,  September  14,  1862. 


BIOGEAPHIES. 


525 


Call,  Wilkinson,  a  Senator  from  Florida;  born 
in  Russellville,  Logan  county,  Ky.,  January  9, 
1834;  located  in  Jacksonville,  Fla.;  was  an  adjutant 
general  in  the  Confederate  army  during  the  Civil 
war;  practiced  law  in  Jacksonville;  elected  as  a 
Democrat,  to  the  United  States  Senate;  twice 
reelected,  and  served  from  March  4, 1879,  to  March 
3,  1897;  resumed  the  practice  of  law;  died  in  Wash- 
ington, D.  C.,  August  24,  1910. 

Callahan,  James  Yancy,  a  Delegate  from  the 
Territory  of  Oklahoma;  born  in  Dent  county,  Mo., 
December  19,  1852;  attended  the  common  schools; 
engaged  in  various  occupations;  moved  to  S  tan  ton 
county,  Kans.,  in  1885;  twice  elected  register  of 
deeds  in  that  county;  settled  in  the  Territory  of 
Oklahoma  in  1892  and  elected  on  a  free  silver 
ticket  and  by  the  combining  of  Populists  and 
Democrats  a  Delegate  to  the  Fifty-fifth  Congress 
(March  4,  1897-March  3,  1899);  publisher  of  the 
Jacksonian  in  Enid,  Okla. 

Callis,  John  Benton,  a  Representative  from 
Alabama;  born  in  Fayette,  N.  C.,  January  3,  1828; 
in  1841  moved  to  Tennessee  and  later  to  Wisconsin; 
entered  the  Union  Army  as  lieutenant  and  was 
promoted  to  captain  of  the  seventh  Wisconsin  in- 
fantry August  30,  1861;  major  January  5,  1863; 
lieutenant  colonel  February  11,  1865;  brevet 
colonel  and  brigadier  general  of  volunteers  March 
13,  1865,  "for  efficient  and  meritorious  service"; 
captain  of  forty-fifth  infantry  and  brevet  major 
March  7, "1867,  "for  gallant  and  meritorious  service 
in  the  battle  of  Gettysburg,  Pa.  " ;  resigned  Febru- 
ary 4,  1868;  after  the  war  took  up  his  residence  in 
Huntsville,  Ala.;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the 
Fortieth  Congress  (March  4,  1867-March  3,  1869); 
moved  to  Lancaster,  Wis.;  member  of  the  state 
assembly  1874;  returned  to  Huntsville;  died  in 
Huntsville,  Ala.,  September  24,  1898. 

Calvert,  Charles  B.,  a  Representative  from 
Maryland;  born  in  Prince  Georges  county,  Md., 
August  24,  1808;  was  graduated  from  the  Univer- 
sity of  Virginia  in  1827;  member  of  the  state  house 
of  representatives  in  1839,  1843,  and  1844;  elected 
as  a  Union  Whig  to  the  Thirty-seventh  Congress 
(March  4,  1861-March  3,  1863);  died  near  Bladens- 
burg,  Md.,  May  14,  1864. 

Calvin,  Samuel,  a  Representative  from  Penn- 
sylvania; born  in  Washingtonville,  Pa.,  July  30, 
1811;  attended  common  schools,  and  Milton 
academy;  taught  in  Huntingdon  academy; 
studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1836, 
and  commenced  practice  in  Hollidaysburg,  Pa.; 
elected  as  a  Whig  to  the  Thirty-first  Congress 
(March  4,  1849-March  3,  1851);  declined  a  renomi- 
nation  for  the  Thirty-second  Congress;  resumed 
the  practice  of  law ;  member  of  the  state  constitu- 
tional convention  of  1873;  died  in  Hollidaysburg, 
Pa.,  March  12,  1890. 

Canibreleng,  Churchill  Caldom,  a  Represen- 
tative from  New  York;  born  in  Washington,  N.  C., 
in  1786;  attended  school  in  Newbern,  N.  C.; 
moved  to  New  York  City  in  1802,  where  he  became 
a  clerk  and  merchant;  established  the  house  of 
Cambreleng  &  Pearson;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to 
the  Seventeenth,  Eighteenth,  Nineteenth,  Twen- 
tieth, Twenty-first,  Twenty-second,  Twenty-third, 
Twenty-fourth,  and  Twenty-fifth  Congresses 
(March  4,  1821-March  3,  1839);  appointed  minister 
to  Russia  by  President  Van  Buren,  and  served 
from  May  20,  1840,  to  July  13,  1841;  died  in  West 
Neck,  Long  Island,  N.  Y.,  April  30,  1862. 


Camden,  Johnson  Newton,  a  Senator  from 
West  Virginia;  born  in  Lewis  county,  Va.,  March 
6,  1828;  appointed  a  cadet  to  West  Point  in  1846; 
resigned  in  1848;  studied  law,  and  was  admitted 
to  the  bar  in  1851;  appointed  the  same  year  prose- 
cuting attorney  for  Braxton  county,  and  in  1852 
elected  prosecuting  attorney  for  Nicholas  county; 
in  1858  engaged  in  the  development  of  petroleum, 
and  in  manufacturing  in  Parkersburg,  W.  Va.; 
president  of  the  First  National  bank  of  Parkers- 
burg  at  its  organization  in  1862;  nominee  of  the 
Democratic  party  for  governor  of  the  state  in 
1868,  and  again  in  1872;  delegate  in  the  Democratic 
national  conventions  in  1868,  1872,  and  1876; 
elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  United  States  Senate, 
and  served  from  March  4,  1881,  to  March  3,  1887; 
again  elected  to  the  United  States  Senate  January 
24,  1893,  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  the  death  of 
John  E.  Kenna;  took  his  seat  January  28,  1893, 
and  served  until  March  3,  1895;  died  in  Baltimore, 
Md.,  April  25,  1908. 

Cameron,  Angus,  a  Senator  from  Wisconsin; 
born  in  Caledonia,  Livingston  county,  N.  Y.,  July 
4,  1826;  studied  law  in  Buffalo,  N.  Y.,  and  was 
graduated  from  the  National  law  school,  Ballston 
Spa;  moved  to  La  Crosse,  Wis.,  in  1857;  member  of 
the  state  senate  of  Wisconsin  in  1863,  1864,  1871, 
and  1872;  member  of  the  legislative  assembly  of 
Wisconsin  in  1866  and  1867,  and  speaker  in  1867; 
member  of  the  Republican  national  convention  in 
Baltimore  in  1864;  regent  of  the  University  of  Wis- 
consin 1866-1875;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the 
United  States  Senate;  took  his  seat  March  4,  1875; 
was  reelected  in  1881,  to  succeed  Matthew  H.  Car- 
penter, deceased,  and  served  until  March  3, 1885;  re- 
turned to  La  Crosse,  where  he  resumed  the  practice 
of  law;  died  in  La  Crosse,  Wis.,  March  30,  1897. 

Cameron,  James  Donald,  a  Senator  from 
Pennsylvania;  born  in  Middletown,  Pa.,  May  14, 
1833;  was  graduated  from  Princeton  college  jn 
1853;  entered  the  Middletown  bank  as  clerk,  and 
became  its  cashier;  president  of  the  Northern 
Central  railway  company  of  Pennsylvania  1866- 
1874;  Secretary  of  War  under  President  Grant 
from  May  22,  1876,  to  March  12,  1877;  delegate  in 
the  Republican  national  conventions  of  1868, 
1876,  and  1880,  and  chairman  of  the  Republican 
national  committee  the  last-named  year;  elected 
to  the  United  States  Senate,  to  fill  vacancy  caused 
by  the  resignation  of  his  father,  Simon  Cameron, 
March  5,  1877;  was  reelected,  and  served  from 
March  20,  1877,  to  March  3,  1897;  engaged  in 
various  business  enterprises  in  Harrisburg,  Pa. 

Cameron,  Ralph  Henry,  a  Delegate  from  the 
Territory  of  Arizona;  born  in  Southport,  Me.,  Octo- 
ber 21,  1863;  received  a  common-school  training; 
went  West,  and  became  interested  in  mining  and 
stock  raising;  locator  and  builder  of  the  Bright 
Angel  trail  into  the  Grand  Canyon  of  the  Colorado 
in  Arizona;  moved  to  the  Territory  of  Arizona  in 
1883;  sheriff  of  Coconino  county  for  three  terms, 
and  served  one  term  as  member,  and  one  term  as 
chairman  of  the  board  of  supervisors  of  Coconino 
county;  elected  as  a  Republican  Delegate  to  the 
Sixty-first  Congress  (March  4,  1909-March  3,  1911). 
Reelected  a  Representative  from  the  state  of  Arizona 
to  the  Sixty-second  Congress. 

Cameron,  Simon,  a  Senator  from  Pennsylvania; 
born  in  Donegal,  Lancaster  county,  Pa.,  March  8, 
1799;  apprenticed  as  a  printer  at  the  age  _of  ten 
years;  employed  in  the  Government  printing  of- 
fice in  Washington  for  a  time;  successfully  con- 


526 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 


ducted  and  edited  the  Doyleetown  (Pa.)  Demo- 
crat; purchased  the  Harrisburg  Republican,  and 
rechristened  it  the  Intelligencer  in  1821;  then  be- 
came cashier  of  a  bank,  president  of  two  railroad 
companies,  and  adjutant  general  of  Pennsylvania. 
In  1845  he  was  elected  a  United  States  Senator,  to 
fill  vacancy  caused  by  the  resignation  of  James 
Buchanan,  and  acted  with  the  Democratic  Party; 
served  from  March  13,  1845,  to  March  3,  1849; 
left  the  Democratic  party  in  1854,  and  assisted  in 
the  formation  of  the  People's  party;  was  again 
elected  to  the  United  States  Senate  for  the  term 
beginning  March  4,  1857;  had  strong  support  as  a 
presidential  candidate  in  1860,  and  failed  of 
securing  the  nomination  for  Vice  President  on 
the  ticket  with  Abraham  Lincoln  through  lack  of 
harmony  in  the  Pennsylvania  delegation ;  resigned 
his  seat  in  the  Senate,  March  4,  1861,  to  become 
Secretary  of  War  in  Lincoln's  cabinet;  entered 
upon  duties  March  11, 1861,  and  organized  the  Union 
forces  for  service  in  the  field;  resigned  January  11, 
1862,  and  was  immediately  appointed  minister 
to  Russia;  resigned  this  portfolio  November  8, 
1862;  was  delegate  in  the  Baltimore  convention 
of  1864,  and  in  the  Loyalists'  convention  in  Phila- 
delphia in  1866;  was  again  elected  a  United  States 
Senator  for  the  term  beginning  March  4,  1867; 
reelected  in  1873,  and  served  until  March  3,  1877, 
when  he  resigned;  died  in  Lancaster  county,  Pa., 
June  26,  1889. 

Caminetti,  Anthony,  a  Representative  from 
California;  born  in  Jackson,  Amaclor  county,  Cal., 
July  30,  1854;  attended  the  public  schools  of  his 
native  county,  including  the  grammar  school  in 
San  Francisco,  and  the  University  of  California; 
read  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1877,  and 
engaged  in  practice  in  Jackson,  Cal.;  district  attor- 
ney of  Amador  county  1878-1882;  elected  to  the 
state  assembly  in  1883,  and  member  of  the  state 
senate  1885-1887;  Democratic  alternate  elector  for 
the  second  congressional  district  in  1880;  Demo- 
cratic elector  in  1888;  the  first  native  citizen  of 
the  state  of  California  elected  to  Congress;  elected 
as  a  Democrat  to  the  Fifty-second  and  Fifty-third 
Congresses  (March  4,  1891-March  3,  1895);  in 
1896  was  again  elected  to  the  state  assembly,  and 
reelected  in  1898;  in  April,  1897,  was  appointed 
code  commissioner  and  served  until  July  31,  1899; 
state  senator  1906, 1910  and  1911;  resumed  the  prac- 
tice of  law  in  Jackson,  Cal. 

Camp,  John  H.,  a  Representative  from  New 
York;  born  in  Ithaca,  N.  Y.,  April  14,  1840;  studied 
law,  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1860;  district 
attorney  of  Wayne  county  1867-1870:  presidential 
elector  in  1872;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the 
Forty-fifth,  Forty-sixth,  and  Forty-seventh  Con- 
gresses (March  4, 1877-March  3, 1883);  resumed  the 
practice  of  law  in  Lyons,  N.  Y. 

Campbell,  Albert  J.,  a  Representative  from 
Montana;  born  in  Pontiac,  Mich.,  December  12, 
1857;  attended  the  Michigan  agricultural  college, 
Lansing,  Mich.;  read  law,  and  was  admitted  to 
the  bar  in  1881;  prosecuting  attorney  of  Lake 
county,  Mich.,  1886-1888;  resigned,  and  moved 
to  Butte,  Mont.,  November  16,  1889;  member  of 
the  legislature  from  Park  county  in  1897;  elected 
as  a  Democrat  to  the  Fifty-sixth  Congress  (March 
4,  1899-March  3,  1901);  resumed  the  practice  of 
law  in  Butte,  Mont. 

Campbell,  Alexander,  a  Senator  from  Ohio; 
born  in  Greenbriar  county,  Va.,  in  1774;  studied 
medicine,  and  in  1785  commenced  practice  in 


Kentucky;  member  of  the  state  house  of  repre- 
sentatives in  1800;  moved  to  Ripley,  Ohio,  in 
1803;  member  of  the  state  house  of  representatives 
1807-1809;  elected  to  the  United  States  Senate,  to 
fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  Edward  Tiffin, 
and  served  from  December  11,  1809,  to  March  3, 
1813;  member  of  the  state  senate  1822-1823;  died 
in  Ripley,  Ohio,  November  5,  1857. 

CampbeU,  Alexander,  a  Representative  from 
Illinois;  born  in  Concord,  Pa.,  October  14,  1814; 
attended  the  public  schools;  clerk  in  iron  works; 
became  superintendent,  and  continued  in  the  busi- 
ness of  managing  iron  works  in  Pennsylvania,  Ken- 
tucky, and  Missouri,  until  1850,  when  he  moved  to 
La  Salle,  111.;  mayor  of  La  Salle  1852-1853;  mem- 
ber of  the  state  legislature  1858-1859;  member  of 
the  state  constitutional  convention  of  1862;  elected 
as  an  Independent  to  the  Forty-fourth  Congress 
(March  4,  1875-March  3,  1877);  common  called 
"the  father  of  the  greenback"  ;  died  in  La  Salle, 
111.,  August  8,  1898. 

Campbell,  Felix,  a  Representative  from  New 
York;  born  in  Brooklyn,  N.  Y.,  February  28,  1829; 
attended  the  common  schools;  was  a  manufacturer 
of  iron  pipe,  and  a  consulting  engineer;  president  of 
the  board  of  supervisors  in  1858;  appointed  one  of 
the  Centennial  commissioners  by  Gov.  Tilden  in 
1876;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Forty-eighth, 
Forty-ninth,  Fiftieth,  and  Fifty-first  Congresses 
(March  4,  1883-March  3,  1891);  died  in  Brooklyn, 
N.  Y.,  November  8,  1902. 

CampbeU,  George  Washington,  a  Repre- 
sentative and  a  Senator  from  Tennessee;  born  in 
the  Shire  of  Sutherland,  Scotland,  in  1768;  his 
parents  emigrated  to  North  Carolina  in  1769;  was 
graduated  from  Princeton  college  in  1794;  studied 
law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced 
practice  in  Nashville,  Tenn.;  elected  as  a  Demo- 
crat to  the  Eighth,  Ninth,  and  Tenth  Congresses 
(March  4,  1803-March  3,  1809);  elected  to  the 
United  States  Senate,  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  the 
resignation  of  Jenkins  Whiteside,  and  served  from 
October  8,  1811,  to  February  11,  1814,  when  he  re- 
signed ;  Secretary  of  the  Treasury  under  President 
Madison  from  February  9,  1814,  to  October  6, 
1814;  again  elected  Senator,  and  served  from  De- 
cember 4,  1815,  until  1818,  when  he  tendered  his 
resignation  "to  take  effect  at  the  close  of  the  ensu- 
ing session"  (April  20,  1818);  minister  to  Russia 
1818-1821;  member  of  the  French  claims  commis- 
sion in  1831;  was  a  judge  of  the  supreme  court  of 
errors  and  appeals  of  Tennessee;  died  in  Nashville, 
Tenn.,  February  17,  1848. 

Campbell,  Jacob  Miller,  a  Representative 
from  Pennsylvania;  born  in  Somerset  county.  Pa., 
November  20,  1821;  attended  the  common  schools; 
learned  the  art  of  printing  in  the  office  of  the  Somer- 
set Whig ;_  engaged  in  steamboating  on  the  lower 
Mississippi  river,  1841-1847;  gold  mining  in  Cali- 
fornia in  1850;  aided  in  building  the  Cambria 
iron  works  in  Johnstown,  Pa.,  in  1853,  and  re- 
mained in  the  employ  of  that  company  until 
1861 ;  entered  the  Union  Army  as  first  lieutenant 
of  company  G,  third  Pennsylvania  volunteers, 
April  20,  1861;  fall  of  the  same  year  recruited  the 
fifty-fourth  regiment,  three-year  volunteers,  and 
was  commissioned  its  colonel  February  27,  1862; 
was  brevetted  brigadier  general  March  13,  1865, 
' '  for  gallant  and  meritorious  conduct  in  the  battle  of 
Piedmont,  Va.";  honorably  discharged  September 
3,  1864;  returned  to  Johnstown,  Pa.;  elected  sur- 
veyor general  of  Pennsylvania  in  1865,  and  1868; 


BIOGRAPHIES. 


527 


delegate  in  the  first  Republican  national  conven- 
tion, held  in  Philadelphia  in  1856;  elected  as  a 
Republican  to  the  Forty-fifth,  Forty-seventh, 
Forty-eighth,  and  Forty-ninth  Congresses  (March 
4,  1877-March  3, 1879,  and  March  4,  1881-March  3, 
1887);  died  in  Johnstown,  Pa.,  September  27, 1888. 

Campbell,  James  Edwin,  a  Representative  from 
Ohio;  born  in  Middletown,  Ohio,  July  7,  1843; 
completed  academic  studies;  served  in  the  Navy 
during  the  Civil  war;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to 
the  bar,  and  commenced  practice  in  Hamilton, 
Ohio;  prosecuting  attorney  of  Butler  county  1876- 
1880;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Forty-eighth, 
Forty-ninth,  and  Fiftieth  Congresses,  and  served 
from  June  20,  1884,  to  March  3,  1889;  governor  of 
Ohio  for  one  term  in  1889;  defeated  for  governor  in 
1891,  and  again  in  1895;  engaged  in  the  practice 
of  law  in  Columbus,  Ohio. 

Campbell,  James  Hepburn,  a  Representative 
from  Pennsylvania;  born  in  Williamsport,  Pa.,  Feb- 
ruary 8,  1820;  was  graduated  from  the  Carlisle  law 
school;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1841,  and  com- 
menced practice  in  Pottsville;  delegate  in  the 
Whig  national  convention  in  Baltimore  in  1844; 
elected  as  a  Whig  to  the  Thirty-fourth  Congress 
(March  4,  1855-March  3,  1857);  reelected  to  the 
Thirty-sixth  and  Thirty-seventh  Congresses  (March 

4,  1859-March  3,  1863);   appointed  by  President 
Lincoln  in  May,  1864,  minister  to  Sweden,  and 
served  until  March  29,  1867;  died  in  Wayne,  Pa., 
April  12,  1895. 

Campbell,  James  Romulus,  a  Representative 
from  Illinois;  born  in  Hamilton  county ,  111.,  May  4, 
1853;  attended  the  academy  of  Notre  Dame,  Ind.; 
read  law,  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1877; 
took  up  his  residence  in  McLeansboro,  and  pur- 
chased the  McLeansboro  Times  in  1878;  state 
representative  1884-1886;  state  senator  1888- 
1892;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Fifty-fifth 
Congress  (March  4,  1897-March  3,  1899);  served  in 
the  War  with  Spain  in  the  ninth  Illinois  infantry; 
commissioned  colonel  June  28,  1898;  after  the 
muster  out  of  that  regiment,  appointed  lieutenant 
colonel  of  the  thirtieth  regiment,  United  States 
volunteers,  July  5,  1899,  and  assigned  to  service 
in  the  Philippine  Islands;  commissioned  brigadier 
general  of  volunteers  January  3,  1901;  discharged 
March  25,  1901;  engaged  in  milling  and  banking  in 
McLeansboro,  111. 

Campbell,  John,  a  Representative  from  Mary- 
land; born  in  Charles  county,  Md.,  July  4,  1765; 
held  several  local  offices;  elected  as  a  Federalist  to 
the  Seventh,  Eighth,  Ninth,  Tenth,  and  Eleventh 
Congresses  (March  4,  1801-March  3, 1811);  jud  -eof 
the  orphans'  court  of  Charles  county;  died  in  Port 
Tobacco,  Md.,  June  23,  1828. 

Campbell,  John,  a  Representative  from  South 
Carolina;  born  near  Brownsville,  Marlboro  County, 

5.  C.;  was  graduated  from  the  South  Carolina  col- 
lege in  1819;   studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the 
bar  and  commenced  practice  in  Brownsville,  S.  C. ; 
moved  to  Parnassus,  Marlboro  district;  elected  as  a 
States  Rights  Whig  to  the  Twenty-first  Congress 
(March  4, 1829-March  3, 1831) ;  reelected  as  a  States 
Rights  Democrat  to  the  Twenty-fifth,  Twenty- 
sixth,  Twenty-seventh,  and  Twenty-eighth  Con- 
gresses (March  4,  1839-March  3,  1845);  died  in  Par- 
nassus, S.  C.,  May  19,  1845. 

Campbell,  John  G-oulder,  a  Deles^ite  from  Ariz- 
ona Territory;  born  in  Glasgow,  Scotland,  June  25, 


1827;  came  to  the  United  States  in  1841;  attended 
the  public  schools;  went  West,  lived  in  various 
places,  and  engaged  in  numerous  occupations,  and 
finally  took  up  his  residence  in  Prescott,  Ariz.; 
member  of  the  council  of  the  Territorial  legislature 
1868-1874;  county  supervisor  of  Yavapai  county; 
elected  a  Delegate  to  the  Forty-sixth  Congress 
(March  4,  1879-March  3,  1881);  died  in  Prescott, 
Ariz.,  December  22,  1903. 

Campbell,  John  H.,  a  Representative  from 
Pennsylvania;  born  in  that  state;  studied  law,  was 
admitted  to  the  bar,  and  practiced  in  Philadel- 
phia; elected  as  a  Native  American  to  the  Twenty- 
ninth  Congress  (March  4,  1845-March  3,  1847); 
resumed  the  practice  of  law;  died  in  Philadelphia, 
Pa.,  January  19,  1868. 

Campbell,  John  Poage,  a  Representative  from 
Kentucky;  born  in  that  state;  member  of  the  state 
house  of  representatives  in  1826;  elected  as  a  Na- 
tional American  to  the  Thirty-fourth  Congress 
(March  4, 1855-March  3,  1857). 

Campbell,  John  Wilson,  a  Representative  from 
Ohio;  born  in  Augusta  county,  Va.,  February  23, 
1782;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1808, 
and  commenced  practice  in  West  Union,  Ohio; 
held  several  public  offices  in  that  county;  elected 
as  a  Democrat  to  the  Fifteenth,  Sixteenth,  Seven- 
teenth, Eighteenth,  and  Nineteenth  Congresses 
(March  4,  1817-March  3,  1827);  judge  of  the  United 
States  court  for  the  district  of  Ohio  from  1829,  until 
his  death  in  Delaware,  Ohio,  September  24,  1833. 

Campbell,  Lewis  Davis,  a  Representative  from 
Ohio;  born  in  Franklin,  Ohio,  August  9,  1811; 
attended  the  public  schools;  apprenticed  to  learn 
the  art  of  printing  1828-1831;  published  a  Clay  Whig 
newspaper  in  Hamilton,  Ohio,  1831-1836;  studied 
law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced 
practice  in  Hamilton;  elected  as  a  Whig  to  the 
Thirty-first,  Thirty-second,  Thirty-third,  and 
Thirty-fourth  Congresses  (March  4,  1849-March  3, 
1857);  presented  credentials  as  a  Member-elect  to 
the  Thirty-fifth  Congress,  and  served  from  March 
4,  1857,  to  May  25.  1858,  when  he  was  succeeded 
by  Clement  L.  Vallandingham,  who  contested  his 
election;  served  in  the  Union  army  as  colonel 
of  a  regiment  of  volunteer  infantry  1861-1862; 
resigned  on  account  of  ill  health;  elected  as  a  Demo- 
crat to  the  Forty-second  Congress  (March  4,  1871- 
March  3, 1873);  died  in  Hamilton,  Ohio,  November 
26,  1882. 

Campbell,  Philip  Pitt,  a  Representative  from 
Kansas;  born  on  Cape  Breton,  Nova  Scotia,  April 
25,  1862;  moved  with  his  parents  to  Kansas  in 
1866;  attended  the  district  school  during  the 
winter  months,  and  was  graduated  from  Baker 
university  in  Baldwin,  Kansas,  in  1888;  studied 
law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  Pittsburg,  Kans., 
in  1889,  and  commenced  practice  in  Osage  Mission, 
Kans. ;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Fifty-eighth, 
Fifty-ninth,  Sixtieth,  and  Sixty-first  Congresses 
(March  4,  1903-March  3,  1911).  Reelected  to  the 
Sixty-second  Congress. 

Campbell,  Robert  B.,  a  Representative  from 
South  Carolina;  born  in  that  state;  was  graduated 
from  South  Carolina  college  in  1809;  elected  as 
a  States  Rights  Whig  to  the  Eighteenth  Congress 
(March  4,  1823-March  3,  1825);  reelected  as  a 
Nullifier  to  the  Twenty-third  Congress,  to  fill 
vacancy  caused  by  death  of  Thomas  B.  Singleton; 
was  reelected  to  the  Twenty-fourth  Congress,  and 


528 


CONGRESSIONAL   DIRECTORY. 


served  from  February  27,  1834,  to  March  3,  1837; 
appointed  consul  general  at  Habana,  Cuba,  in  1842. 

Campbell,  Samuel,  a  Representative  from  New 
York;  born  in  Mansfield,  Conn.,  August  26,  1749; 
attended  the  public  schools;  moved  to  Columbus, 
N.  Y.;  member  of  the  state  house  of  represen- 
tatives for  four  years;  elected  to  the  Seventeenth 
Congress  (March  4,  1821-March  3,  1823). 

Campbell,  Thomas  Jefferson,  a  Representa- 
tive from  Tennessee;  born  in  Tennessee  in  1786; 
attended  the  public  schools;  assistant  inspector 
general  to  Maj.  Gen.  Coke's  division  of  the  East 
Tennessee  militia  from  September  25,  1813,  to 
March  12,  1814;  clerk  of  the  state  house  of  repre- 
sentatives 1817-1819,  1821,  1825-1831;  member  of 
the  legislature  1833-1837;  presidential  elector  on 
the  IJarrison  ticket  in  1841;  elected  as  a  Whig  to 
the  Twenty-seventh  Congress  (March  4,  1841- 
March  3,  1843);  clerk  of  the  National  House  of 
Representatives  in  the  Thirtieth  and  Thirty-first 
Congresses,  and  served  until  his  death  in  Wash- 
ington, D.  C.,  April  13,  1850. 

Campbell,  Thompson,  a  Representative  from 
Illinois;  born  in  Chester  county,  Pa.,  in  1811;  at- 
tended the  public  schools;  moved  to  Galena,  111., 
and  became  interested  in  mining;  appointed  sec- 
retary of  state  of  Illinois  in  1843,  resigned  in  1846; 
elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Thirty-second  Con- 
gress (March  4,  1851-March  3,  1853);  removed  to 
California;  member  of  the  first  Republican  national 
convention ;  appointed  United  States  land  commis- 
sioner by  President  Pierce;  served  in  the  Califor- 
nia legislature;  died  in  San  Francisco,  Cal.,  De- 
cember 7,  1868. 

Campbell,  Timothy  John,  a  Representative 
from  New  York;  born  in  county  Cavan,  Ireland, 
Januarys,  1840;  came  to  the  United  States  in  1845; 
attended  the  public  schools  of  New  York  City; 
learned  the  printer's  trade,  and  worked  on  the  New 
York  Times,  Express,  Tribune,  and  Herald;  mem- 
ber of  the  assembly  1868-1873,  1875-1883;  elected 
justice  of  the  fifth  district  civil  court  in  New  York 
City  and  served  six  years;  elected  to  the  state  senate ; 
elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Forty -ninth  Congress, 
to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  the  resignation  of  Samuel 
S.  Cox;  reelected  to  the  Fiftieth,  Fifty-second  and 
Fifty-third  Congresses  and  served  from  March  3, 
1895,  until  his  death  in  New  York  City  April  7, 1904. 

Campbell,  William  Bowen,  a  Representative 
from  Tennessee;  born  in  Sumner  county,  Tenn., 
February  1,  1807;  studied  law  in  Abingdon,  and 
Winchester,  Va.,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and 
practiced  in  Carthage ;  was  chosen  district  attorney ; 
elected  a  member  of  the  Tennessee  house  of  rep- 
resentatives in  1835;  captain  of  a  company  in 
Trousdale's  regiment  of  Tennessee  mounted  vol- 
unteers in  the  Florida  war;  mustered  out  January 
14,  1837;  elected  as  a  Whig  to  the  Twenty-fifth, 
Twenty-sixth,  and  Twenty-seventh  Congresses 
(March  4, 1837-March  3,  1843);  colonel  of  the  first 
Tennessee  volunteers  in  the  Mexican  war  June  3, 
1846;  mustered  out  May  25,  1847;  judge  of  the 
fourth  circuit  of  Tennessee  after  his  return  from 
Mexico;  governor  of  Tennessee  1851-1853;  elected 
judge  of  the  circuit  court  in  1857;  appointed  by 
President  Lincoln  brigadier  general  of  volunteers 
June  30, 1862 ;  resigned  January  26, 1863,  on  account 
of  ill  health;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Thirty- 
ninth  Congress  (March  4, 1865-March  3,  1867);  died 
in  Lebanon,  Tenn.,  August  19,  1867. 


Campbell,  William  W.,  a  Representative  from 
New  York;  born  in  Cherry  Valley,  N.  Y.,  June  10, 
1806;  was  graduated  from  Union  college  in  1827; 
studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  com- 
menced practice  in  New  York  City  in  1831;  was 
appointed  master  in  chancery  in  1841,  afterwards 
commissioner  in  bankruptcy;  elected  as  a  National 
American  to  the  Twenty-ninth  Congress  (March  4, 
1845-March  3,  1847);  justice  of  the  superior  court 
of  New  York  City  1849-1855;  returned  to.  Cherry 
Valley  in  December,  1855;  judge  of  the  state  su- 
preme'court  for  the  sixth  district  1857-1865;  died 
in  Cherry  Valley,  N.  Y.,  September  7,  1881. 

Campbell,  William  Wildman,  a  Representative 
from  Ohio;  born  in  Rochester,  Vt.,  April  2,  1853; 
attended  the  Goddard  seminary,  Barre,  Vt.,  and 
Tufts  college,  Massachusetts;  studied  law,  was  ad- 
mitted to  the  bar,  and  practiced  in  Napoleon,  Ohio; 
served  as  prosecuting  attorney  for  Henry  county, 
Ohio,  1894-1897;  elected  to  the  Fifty-ninth  Con- 
gress (March  4,  1905-March  3,  1907);  resumed  the 
practice  of  law  in  Napoleon,  Ohio;  member  of  the 
state  constitutional  convention  of  1911-1912. 

Canby,  Richard  Sprigg,  a  Representative  from 
Ohio;  born  in  Lebanon,  Ohio,  September  30,  1808; 
attended  Miami  university,  Oxford,  Ohio,  1826- 
1828 ;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  prac- 
ticed in  Bellefontaine,  Ohio;  member  of  the  state 
house  of  representatives  1845-1846;  elected  as  a 
Whig  to  the  Thirtieth  Congress  (March  4,  1847- 
March  3,  1849);  moved  to  Illinois  in  1861;  was 
judge  of  a  circuit  court  for  six  years;  died  in  Olney, 
111.,  July  27,  1897. 

Candler,  Allen  Daniel,  a  Representative  from 
Georgia;  born  in  Lumpkin  county,  Ga.,  November 
4,  1834;  was  graduated  from  Mercer  university, 
Georgia,  in  1858;  studied  law;  entered  the  Confed- 
erate army  and  was  successively  a  private,  lieu- 
tenant, captain,  lieutenant  colonel,  and  colonel; 
member  of  the  Georgia  house  of  representatives 
1872-1877;  member  of  the  Georgia  state  senate 
1877-1879;  manufacturer  and  railroad  president; 
elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Forty-eighth,  Forty- 
ninth,  Fiftieth,  and  Fifty-first  Congresses  (March  4, 
1883-March  3,  1891);  secretary  of  state  of  Georgia 
1895-1898;  resigned  in  April,  1898;  elected  gov- 
ernor in  October,  1898;  compiler  of  the  records  of 
the  state  of  Georgia  1903,  until  his  death  in  Atlanta, 
Ga.,  October  23,  1910. 

Candler,  Ezekiel  Samuel,  jr.,  a  Representa- 
tive from  Mississippi;  born  in  Belleville,  Hamilton 
county,  Fla.,  January  18,  1862;  moved  with  his 
parents  to  Tishomingo  county,  Miss.,  in  1870;  at- 
tended the  common  schools  and  luka  male  acad- 
emy, Mississippi,  and  was  graduated  from  the  law 
department  of  the  University  of  Mississippi,  June 
30,  1881;  practiced  law  with  his  father  in  luka 
under  the  firm  name  of  Candler  &  Candler;  chair- 
man of  the  Democratic  executive  committee  of 
Tishomingo  county  in  1884;  removed  to  Corinth 
January  1.  1887,  and  continued  the  practice  of  law; 
Cleveland  and  Thurman  elector  in  1888;  member 
of  Democratic  executive  committee  of  Alcorn 
County  for  several  years;  elected  as  a  Democrat 
to  the  Fifty -seventh,  Fifty-eighth,  Fifty-ninth, 
Sixtieth,  and  Sixty-first  Congresses  (March  4, 1901- 
March  3,  1911).  Reelected  to  the  Sixty-second 
Congress. 

Candler,  John  Wilson,  a  Representative  from 
Massachusetts;  born  in  Boston,  Mass.,  February  10, 
1828;  attended  the  Marblehead  academy,  and  Dum- 
mer  academy,  Byfield,  Mass.;  entered  a  counting- 


BIOGRAPHIES. 


529 


room  in  Boston  in  1845 ;  merchant,  engaged  in  ship- 
ping and  commerce  with  the  East  and  West  Indies, 
and  South  America;  member  of  the  state  house  of 
representatives  in  1866;  chairman  of  the  commis- 
sioners of  prisons  of  Massachusetts;  president  of 
the  Boston  board  of  trade,  and  of  the  commercial 
club  of  Boston;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the 
Forty-seventh  and  Fifty-first  Congresses  (March  4, 
1881-March  3,  1883,  and  March  4,  1889-March  3, 
1891);  died  in  Providence,  R.  I.,  March  16,  1903. 

Candler,  Milton  Anthony,  a  Representative 
from  Georgia;  born  in  Campbell  county,  Ga.,  Janu- 
ary 11,  1837;  was  graduated  from  the  University  of 
Georgia  in  1854;  studied  law  and  in  1856  com- 
menced practice  in  Decatur,  Ga.;  member  of  the 
state  house  of  representatives  1861-1863,  and  of  the 
state  constitutional  convention  in  1865  and  state 
senate  in  1868-1872;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the 
Forty-fourth  and  Forty-fifth  Congresses  (March  4, 
1875-March  3,  1879);  died  in  Decatur,  Ga.,  August 
8,  1909. 

Cannon,  Frank  Jenne,  a  Delegate  from  the 
Territory  of  Utah,  and  a  Senator  from  Utah;  born 
in  Salt  Lake  City,  Utah,  January  25,  1859;  was 
graduated  from  the  University  of  Utah  in  1878; 
printer  and  newspaper  writer;  delegate  in  the  Re- 
publican national  convention  in  Minneapolis  in 
1892;  elected  Delegate  to  the  Fifty-fourth  Congress 
(March  4, 1895-March  3, 1897)  and  upon  the  admis- 
sion of  Utah  as  a  State  into  the  Union  was  elected 
to  the  United  States  Senate  January  22,  1896,  and 
served  until  March  3,  1899;  engaged  in  newspaper 
work  in  New  York  City. 

Cannon,  George  Quayle,  a  Delegate  from  the 
Territory  of  Utah;  born  in  Liverpool,  England, 
January  11, 1827;  came  with  parents  to  the  United 
States;  learned  the  art  of  printing;  editor  by  pro- 
fession; among  the  first  settlers  in  Salt  Lake  City; 
member  of  the  legislative  council  of  Utah  1865- 
1866,  1869-1870,  1871-1872;  member  of  the  board 
of  regents  of  the  Deseret  university,  and  chan- 
cellor; elected  in  1872  a  Delegate  to  present  the 
constitution  and  memorial  to  Congress  for  the  ad- 
mission of  the  Territory  into  the  Union;  elected 
to  the  Forty-third,  Forty-fourth,  Forty-fifth,  and 
Forty -sixth  Congresses,  and  served  from  March  4, 
1873,  to  March  3,  1881;  returned  to  Salt  Lake  City; 
director  of  the  Union  Pacific  railroad;  died  in 
Monterey,  Cal.,  April  12,  1901. 

Cannon,  Joseph  Gurney,  a  Representative 
from  Illinois;  born  in  Guilford  county,  N.  C.,  May 
7,  1836;  completed  preparatory  studies;  studied 
law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced 
practice  in  Tuscola,  111.;  removed  subsequently  to 
Danville,  111.;  state's  attorney  twenty-seventh 
judicial  district  of  Illinois,  March,  1861,  to  Decem- 
ber, 1868;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Forty- 
third,  and  to  the  eight  succeeding  Congresses; 
was  defeated  for  reelection  to  the  Fifty-second 
Congress;  reelected  to  the  Fifty-third,  and  to  the 
eight  succeeding  Congresses;  chairman  of  the  Com- 
mittee on  Appropriations  many  terms,  and  Speaker 
in  the  Fifty-eighth,  Fifty-ninth,  Sixtieth,  and 
Sixty-first  Congresses;  served  in  Congress  from 
March  4, 1873,  to  March  3, 1911,  with  the  exception 
of  the  two  years  from  March  4,  1891,  to  March  3, 
1893 .  Reelected  to  the  Sixty -second  Congress . 

Cannon,  Marion,  a  Representative  from  Cali- 
fornia; born  near  Morgantown,  W.  Va.,  October 
30,  1834;  attended  the  district  school;  was  a  miner 
in  Nevada  county,  Cal.,  for  twenty-one  years; 

50346°— S.  Doc.  654,  61-2 34 


elected  county  recorder  of  Nevada  county  in  1869, 
and  served  two  years;  moved  to  Ventura,  Cal.,  in 
1874;  elected  first  state  president  of  the  Farmers' 
Alliance,  November  20,  1890,  and  reelected  Octo- 
ber 22,  1891;  organized  the  People's  Party  of  Cali- 
fornia October  22,  1891;  chosen  a  representative  to 
the  supreme  council  in  Indianapolis,  November, 
1891 ;  selected  by  that  body  to  represent  California 
in  the  industrial  conference  in  St.  Louis,  February 
22,  1892;  chairman  of  the  California  delegation 
in  the  national  convention  of  the  People's  Party 
in  Omaha,  July  4,  1892;  elected  as  a  Populist- 
Democrat  to  the  Fifty-third  Congress  (March  4, 
1893-March  3,  1895) ;  resumed  farming  in  Ventura 
county,  Cal. 

Cannon,  Newton,  a  Representative  from  Ten- 
nessee; born  in  Guilford  county,  N.C.,  May  22, 1781; 
attended  the  common  schools;  moved  to  Tennessee; 
member  of  the  state  legislature  1811-1812;  enlisted 
in  the  War  of  1812  as  a  colonel  of  a  regiment  of 
Tennessee  mounted  rifles;  elected  as  a  Democrat 
to  the  Thirteenth  Congress  to  fill  vacancy  caused 
by  the  resignation  of  Felix  Grundy;  reelected  to 
the  Fourteenth  Congress,  and  served  from  Octo- 
ber 15,  1813,  to  March  3,  1817;  appointed  by 
President  Monroe  a  commissioner  to  negotiate  a 
treaty  with  the  Chickasaw  Indians  in  1819; 
elected  to  the  Sixteenth  and  Seventeenth  Con- 
gresses (March  4,  1819-March  3,  1823);  governor  of 
Tennessee  1835-1839;  died  in  Harpeth,  Tenn., 
September  29,  1842. 

Cantrill,  James  Campbell,  a  Representative 
from  Kentucky;  born  in  Georgetown,  Scott  county, 
Ky.,  July  9,  1870;  attended  Georgetown  (Ky.) 
college;  chairman  of  the  Scott  county  Democratic 
committee  in  1895;  member  of  the  state  house  of 
representatives  in  1897,  and  reelected  in  1899; 
a  member  of  the  Kentucky  senate  from  the 
twenty-second  senatorial  district  in  1901;  was 
nominated  for  Congress  in  1904,  but  declined;  the 
same  year  was  elected  a  delegate  to  the  Democratic 
national  convention;  became  active  in  organ- 
izing the  tobacco  growers  of  Kentucky  in  1906; 
was  elected  president  of  the  American  Society  of 
Equity  for  Kentucky,  an  organization  of  farmers 
in  January,  1908;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the 
Sixty-first  Congress  (March  4,  1909-March  3,  1911). 
Reelected  to  the  Sixty-second  Congress. 

Capehart,  James,  a  Representative  from  West 
Virginia;  born  in  Mason  county,  Va.  (now  West 
Virginia),  March  7,  1847;  attended  Marietta  col- 
lege, Ohio;  president  of  county  court  of  Mason 
county  1871-1872,  and  1880-1885;  delegate  in  the 
Democratic  national  convention  in  1888;  elected 
as  a  Democrat  to  the  Fifty-second  and  Fifty-third 
Congresses  (March  4,  1891-March  3,  1895). 

Caperton,  Allen  Taylor,  a  Senator  from  West 
Virginia ;  born  near  Union,  Monroe  county,  Va.  (now 
West  Virginia),  November  21, 1810;  attended  public 
schools  of  Huntsville,  Ala.,  and  the  University  of 
Virginia,  and  was  graduated  from  Yale  college  in 
1832;  studied  law  in  Staunton,  Va.,  was  admitted  to 
the  bar,  and  practiced;  Whig  member  of  the  state 
house  of  delegates  for  several  years,  and  of  the  state 
senate  of  Virginia,  his  last  term  in  1860;  member  of 
the  state  constitutional  convention  of  Virginia  in 
1861;  elected  by  the  legislature  of  Virginia  a  mem- 
ber of  the  Confederate  senate,  and  served  until 
1865;  elected  to  the  United  States  Senate  from 
West  Virginia  as  a  Democrat  for  the  term  begin- 
ning March  4,  1875,  and  served  until  his  death  in 
Washington,  D.  C.,  July  26,  1876. 


530 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 


Caperton,  Hugh,  a  Representative  from  Vir- 
ginia; born  in  Virginia  in  1780;  member  of  the 
Virginia  state  house  of  delegates  for  several 
years;  elected  as  a  Federalist  to  the  Thirteenth 
Congress  (March  4,  1813-March  3,  1815);  died  in 
Monroe  County,  Va.,  February  9,  1847. 

Capron,  Adin  Ballou,  a  Representative  from 
Rhode  Island;  born  at  Mendon,  Mass.,  January  9, 
1841;  attended  the  Woonsocket  high  school,  and 
Westbrook  seminary,  near  Portland,  Me.;  engaged 
in  milling  and  dealing  in  grain;  enlisted  as  sergeant 
in  the  second  Rhode  Island  infantry  May,  1861; 
promoted  to  sergeant  major  July  11,  1861;  com- 
missioned lieutenant  September,  1861,  and  ordered 
on  detached  service  in  the  signal  corps  December, 
1861;  served  in  the  signal  corps  until  the  close  of 
the  war,  having  been  commissioned  first  lieu- 
tenant, March  3,  1863,  and  promoted  to  the  rank 
of  captain  and  major  by  brevet;  elected  repre- 
sentative to  the  general  assembly  of  Rhode  Island 
in  1887,  and  reelected  in  1888,  1889,  1890,  1891- 
1892;  speaker  of  the  house  in  1891-1892;  elected 
as  a  Republican  to  the  Fifty-fifth,  Fifty-sixth, 
Fifty-seventh,  Fifty-eighth,  Fifty-ninth,  Sixtieth, 
and  Sixty-first  Congresses  (March  4,  1897-Macch  3, 
1911);  died  in  Stillwater,  R:  I.,  March  17,  1911; 
interment  in  Swan  Point  cemetery,  Providence, 
R.I. 

Carey,  John,  a  Representative  from  Ohio;  born 
in  Monongahela  county,  Va.,  April  5,  1792;  moved 
with  his  parents  to  the  Northwestern  Territory  in 
1798;  served  under  General  Hull  in  the  War  of  1812; 
associate  judge  1825-1832;  member  of  the  Ohio 
house  of  representatives  in  1828,  1836,  1843;  pro- 
moter and  first  president  of  the  Mad  River  rail- 
road, from  Sandusky  to  Dayton,  about  1845; 
established  the  town  of  Carey,  Ohio;  United 
States  Indian  Agent  at  theWyandotte  reservation; 
elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Thirty-sixth  Con- 
gress (March  4,1859-March  3, 1861);  died  in  Carey, 
Ohio,  March  17,  1875. 

Carey,  Joseph  Maull,  a  Delegate  from  the 
Territory  of  Wyoming,  and  a  Senator  from  Wyo- 
ming; born  in  Sussex  county,  Del.,  January  19, 
1845;  attended  the  common  schools,  Fort  Edward 
collegiate  institute,  and  Union  college,  New 
York;  studied  law  in  Philadelphia,  and  was  ad- 
mitted to  the  bar  in  1867;  was  graduated  from 
the  law  department  of  the  University  of  Pennsyl- 
vania; appointed  United  States  attorney  for  the 
Territory  of  Wyoming  on  the  organization  of  the 
Territory  in  1869;  resigned  this  office  in  1871  on 
his  appointment  as  an  associate  justice  of  the 
supreme  court  of  the  Territory  of  Wyoming,  which 
office  he  held  until  1876;  member  of  the  United 
States  Centennial  Commission  1872-1876;  member 
Republican  national  committee  1876-1896;  mayor 
of  Cheyenne  1881-1885;  elected  as  a  Republican  a 
Delegate  to  the  Forty-ninth,  Fiftieth,  and  Fifty- 
first  Congresses  (March  4,  1885-March  3,  1891); 
elected  to  the  United  States  Senate  November  15, 
1890,  and  took  his  seat  December  1,  1890,  and 
served  until  March  3,  1895;  resumed  the  practice 
of  law  in  Cheyenne,  Wyo.;  elected  governor  for 
term  of  four  years  beginning  January  1,  1911. 

Carleton,  Ezra  Child,  a  Representative  from 
Michigan;  born  in  St.  Clair,  Mich.,  September  6, 
1838;  was  graduated  from  the  Port  Huron  high 
school;  hardware  merchant;  mayor  of  Port  Huron 
in  1881;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Forty-eighth 
and  Forty-ninth  Congresses  (March  4,  1883-March 
3,  1887);  died  in  Port  Huron,  Mich.,  July  24,  1911. 


Carlile,  John  Snyder,  a  Representative  and  a 
Senator  from  Virginia;  born  in  Winchester,  Va., 
December  16,  1817;  studied  law  and  commenced 
practice  in  1842  in  Beverly,  Va.;  member  of  the 
state  senate  1847-1851;  delegate  to  the  state  con- 
stitutional convention  of  1850;  elected  as  a  Unionist 
to  the  Thirty-fourth  Congress  (March  4,  1855- 
March  3,  1857);  elected  to  the  Thirty-seventh 
Congress  and  served  from  March  4,  1861,  until 
July  9,  1861,  when  he  resigned,  having  been 
elected  to  the  United  States  Senate,  to  fill  vacancy 
caused  by  the  retirement  of  Robert  M.  T.  Hunter, 
and  served  until  March  3,  1865;  died  in  Clarks- 
burg, W.  Va.,  October  24,  1878. 

CarHn,  Charles  Creighton,  a  Representative 
from  Virginia;  born  in  Alexandria,  Va.,  April  8, 
1866;  attended  the  public  schools  and  was  gradu- 
ated from  the  National  Law  University;  served 
four  years  as  postmaster;  presidential  elector  on  the 
Democratic  ticket  in  1904;  elected  as  a  Democrat 
to  the  Sixtieth  Congress  November  5,  1907,  to  fill 
vacancy  caused  by  the  death  of  John  F.  Rixey, 
and  was  reelected  to  the  Sixty-first  Congress,  and 
served  from  December  2,  1907,  to  March  3,  1911. 
Reelected  to  the  Sixty-second  Congress. 

Carlisle,  John  Griffin,  a  Representative  and  a 
Senator  from  Kentucky;  born  in  Campbell  (now 
Kenton) county,  Ky.,  Septembers,  1835;  attended 
the  common  schools;  studied  law  and  was  admitted 
to  the  bar  in  March,  1858;  member  of  the  state  house 
of  representatives  1859-1861;  elected  to  the  state 
senate  in  1866  and  reelected  in  August,  1869;  dele- 
gate at  large  to  the  Democratic  national  convention 
in  New  York  in  July,  1868;  lieutenant  governor  of 
Kentucky,  served  from  August,  1871,  to  Septem- 
ber, 1875;  alternate  presidential  elector  at  large  in 
1876;  elected  to  the  Forty-fifth,  Forty-sixth,  Forty- 
seventh,  Forty-eighth,  Forty-ninth,  Fiftieth,  and 
Fifty-first  Congresses  and  served  from  March  4, 1877, 
to  May  26, 1890,  when  he  resigned;  Speaker  of  the 
House  of  Representatives  in  the  Forty-eighth, 
Forty-ninth,  and  Fiftieth  Congresses;  elected  to 
the  United  States  Senate,  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by 
the  death  of  James  B.  Beck,  and  took  his  seat 
May  26,  1890;  resigned  February  21,  1893;  Secre- 
tary of  the  Treasury  1893-1897;  moved  to  New 
York  City,  and  practiced  law;  died  in  New  York 
City,  July  31,  1910;  interment  in  Linden  Grove 
cemetery,  Covington,  Ky. 

Carlton,  Henry  Hull,  a  Representative  from 
Georgia;  born  in  Athens,  Ga.,  May  14,  1835;  at- 
tended the  common  schools;  was  graduated  in 
medicine  and  surgery  from  Jefferson  medical  col- 
lege, Philadelphia,  in  1857,  and  practiced  until 
1872;  elected  a  representative  to  the  general 
assembly  of  Georgia,  1872-1877;  speaker  pro  tem- 
pore  and  chairman  of  finance  committee;  state 
senator  1884-1885,  and  president  of  the  senate; 
editor  and  proprietor  of  the  Athens  Banner  (Ban- 
ner-Watchman) until  1880,  when  he  commenced 
the  practice  of  law;  city  attorney  of  Athens;  four 
years  in  the  Confederate  army,  under  Gen.  Robert 
E.  Lee,  holding  the  ranks  of  lieutenant,  captain, 
and  major  of  artillery;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to 
the  Fiftieth  and  Fifty-first  Congresses  (March  4, 
1887-March  3,  1891);  reelected  to  the  state  legisla- 
ture. 

Carleton,  Peter,  a  Representative  from  New 
Hampshire;  born  in  Haverhill,  Mass.,  September 
19,  1755;  attended  the  public  schools;  engaged  in 
agricultural  pursuits;  served  in  a  Massachusetts 
regiment  during  the  Revolutionary  War;  moved 


BIOGKAPHIES. 


531 


to  Landaff,  N.  H.,  about  1789;  member  of  the 
state  house  of  representatives  1803-1804;  served  in 
the  State  senate  1806-1807 ;  elected  as  a  Democrat 
to  the  Tenth  Congress  (March  4,  1807-March  3, 
1809);  died  in  Landaff,  N.  H.,  April  29,  1828. 

Carmack,  Edward  Ward,  a  Representative  and 
a  Senator  from  Tennessee;  born  near  Castalian 
Springs,  Sumner  county,  Tenn.,  November  5, 
1858;  studied  law  and  practiced  in  Columbia, 
Tenn.;  elected  to  the  legislature  as  a  Democrat  in 
1884;  joined  the  editorial  staff  of  the  Nashville 
American  in  1886;  founded  the  Nashville  Demo- 
crat in  1888;  afterwards  became  editor  in  chief  of 
the  Nashville  American  when  the  Democrat  was 
merged  into  that  paper;  became  editor  of  the 
Memphis  Commercial  in  1892;  delegate  at  large  in 
the  Democratic  national  convention  in  1896; 
elected  to  the  Fifty-fifth  and  Fifty-sixth  Congresses 
(March  4, 1897-March  3, 1901) ;  elected  to  the  United 
States  Senate  and  served  from  March  4,  1901,  to 
March  3,  1907;  assassinated  while  upon  the  street 
in  Nashville,  Tenn.,  November  9,  1908;  interment 
in  Columbia,  Tenn. 

Carmichael,  Richard  B. ,  a  Representative  from 
Maryland;  native  of  that  state;  was  graduated 
from  Princeton  college  in  1828;  studied  law  and 
practiced  in  Centerville,  Md. ;  elected  as  a  Jackson 
Democrat  to  the  Twenty-third  Congress  (March  4, 
1833-March  3, 1835);  presiding  judge  of  the  county 
court  of  Queen  Anne  county  in  1861. 

Cannichael,  William,  a  Delegate  from  Mary- 
land; born  in  Maryland;  was  in  London  at  the 
beginning  of  the  Revolution,  went  to  Paris  in 
November,  1777,  as  secretary  to  the  commissioners 
of  the  American  States;  returned  to  America  in 
May,  1778;  sat  in  the  Continental  Congress  1778- 
1779;  in  September,  1779,  went  to  Spain  as  secre- 
tary of  legation;  appointed  charg6  d'affaires  April 
20,  1782,  and  served  until  May,  1794;  again 
returned  to  the  United  States  in  May,  1794;  died 
in  Maryland  in  February,  1795. 

Carnes,  Thomas  P.,  a  Representative  from 
Georgia;  born  in  Maryland  in  1762;  completed 
preparatory  studies;  studied  law  and  commenced 
practice  in  Milledgeville,  Ga.;  solicitor  general  and 
subsequently  attorney  general  of  Georgia;  judge 
of  the  supreme  court;  elected  to  the  Third  Con- 
gress (March  4, 1793-March  3,  1795)  member  of  the 
state  constitutional  convention  of  1798;  one  of  the 
commissioners  to  settle  boundary  disputes  between 
Georgia  and  North  Carolina  in  1806;  died  in  Mil- 
ledgeville, Ga.,  May  5,  1822. 

Carpenter,  Cyrus  Clay,  a  Representative  from 
Iowa;  born  in  Hartford,  Susquehanna  county,  Pa., 
November  24,  1829j  attended  the  common  schools 
and  an  academy  in  Hartford;  went  to  Iowa  in 
1854  and  engaged  in  land  surveying;  from  1856- 
1860  studied  law;  served  in  the  Union  army  dur- 
ing the  Civil  War;  captain  of  volunteers  March 
24,  1862;  lieutenant  colonel  from  September  26, 
1864  to  July  14,  1865;  brevet  colonel  of  volunteers, 
"for  efficient  and  meritorious  service,"  July  12, 
1865;  mustered  out  July  14,  1865;  elected  to  the 
legislature  of  Iowa  in  1857;  elected  register  of  the 
state  land  office  in  1866-1868;  governor  in  1871- 
1873 ;  appointed  second  comptroller  of  the  Treasury, 
January,  1876,  and  resigned  September,  1877;  ap- 
pointed railroad  commissioner  of  Iowa  March  26, 
1878;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Forty-sixth 
and  Forty-seventh  Congresses  (March  4,  1879- 


March  3,  1883 )";  in  1884  served  another  term  in  the 
state  legislature;  postmaster  of  Fort  Dodge;  died  in 
Fort  Dodge,  Iowa,  May  29,  1898. 

Carpenter,  Davis,  a  Representative  from  New 
York;  born  in  Walpole,  N.  H.,  December  25, 
1799;  studied  medicine;  was  graduated  from  Mid- 
dlebury  college  in  1824  and  commenced,  practice 
in  Brockport,  N.  Y.;  elected  to  the  Thirty-third 
Congress  as  a  Whig  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resig- 
nation of  Azariah  Boody,  and  served  from  Decem- 
ber 5,  1853,  to  March  3,  1855;  resumed  the  practice 
of  medicine  in  Brockport,  N.  Y.;  died  there 
October  22,  1878. 

Carpenter,  Leyi  D.,  a  Representative  from 
New  York;  born  in  Oneida  county,  N.  Y.;  at- 
tended the  public  schools;  elected  as  a  Hard 
Democrat  to  the  Twenty-eighth  Congress,  to  fill 
vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  Samuel  Beards- 
ley,  and  served  from  December  5,  1843,  to  March 
3,  1845. 

Carpenter,  Lewis  Cass.  a  Representative  from 
South  Carolina-;  born  in  Putnam,  Conn.,  Feb- 
ruary 20,  1836;  attended  the  public  schools; 
moved  to  New  Jersey,  where  he  taught  school  and 
studied  law;  at  an  early  age  began  writing  for  the 
press,  and  was  connected  with  the  New  York 
papers  for  several  years;  went  to  Washington, 
D.  C.,  in  1864,  and  was  employed  in  the  Treasury 
department;  also  Washington  correspondent  for 
several  newspapers;  studied  law  at  Columbia  Col- 
lege, Washington,  D.  C.,  was  admitted  to  the  bar; 
assisted  in  establishing  the  first  Republican  daily 
paper  in  South  Carolina  in  1868,  known  as  the 
Charleston  Courier;  took  up  his  residence  in 
Charleston  in  1870  and  established  the  Daily 
Union;  private  secretary  to  United  States  Senator 
William  H.  Buckingham  in  1868;  elected  as  a 
Republican  to  the  Forty-third  Congress,  to  fill 
vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  Robert  B.  Elliott 
and  served  from  December  7,  1874,  to  March 
3,  1875;  unsuccessful  candidate  for  reelection; 
moved  to  Leadville,  Colo.,  in  1879;  appointed 
supervisor  of  the  census  of  Colorado  in  1880;  post- 
office  inspector  1880-1883 ;  engaged  in  the  insurance 
business;  resumed  the  practice  of  law;  until  his 
death  in  Denver,  Colo.,  March  6,  1908. 

Carpenter,  Matthew  Hale,  a  Senator  from 
Wisconsin;  born  in  Moretown,  Vt.,  December  22, 
1824;  entered  the  Military  academy  in  West  Point 
in  1843,  and  remained  two  years;  studied  law  with 
Paul  Dillingham  in  Vermont  and  with  Rufus 
Choate  in  Boston,  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar 
in  1847;  moved  to  Beloit,  and  then  to  Milwaukee, 
Wls.,  in  1848,  and  entered  upon  the  practice  of 
his  profession;  was  appointed  judge  advocate 
general  of  Wisconsin;  in  March,  1868,  by  invita- 
tion of  Secretary  Stanton,  he  represented  the  Gov- 
ernment in  the  celebrated  McCardle  case,  and 
brought  to  try  the  validity  of  the  reconstruction 
act  of  March  7,  1867,  for  the  government  of  the 
States  then  recently  in  rebellion,  and  won  the 
case  in  the  Supreme  Court;  elected  as  a  Repub- 
lican to  the  United  States  Senate,  and  served  from 
March  4,  1869,  to  March  3,  1875;  elected  president 
of  the  Senate  pro  tempore  March  12,  1873;  March 
26,  1873;  December  11,  1873;  and  December  22, 
1874;  practiced  law  in  Washington  and  in  Mil- 
waukee; again  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the 
United  States  Senate,  and  served  from  March  4, 
1879,  until  his  death  in  the  city  of  Washington, 
February  24,  1881. 


532 


CONGRESSIONAL   DIRECTORY. 


Carr,  Francis,  a  Representative  from  Massa- 
chusetts; born  in  Newbury,  Mass.,  December  6, 
1751;  attended  the  public  schools;  member  of  the 
state  house  of  representatives  from  Haverhill, 
1791-1795,  1801-1803,  and  from  Orrington,  Me. 
(then Massachusetts),  1806-1808;  state  senator  1809- 
1811;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Twelfth  Con- 
gress, to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  the  resignation  of 
B.  Gannett,  and  served  from  June  3,  1812,  to 
March  3,  1813;  died  in  Bangor,  Me.,  October  7, 
1821. 

Carr,  James,  a  Representative  from  Massachu- 
setts; born  in  Bangor,  Maine  district  of  Massachu- 
setts, September  9,  1777;  member  of  the  state 
house  of  representatives  1806-1811;  elected  to  the 
Fourteenth  Congress  (March  4,  1815-March  3, 
1817);  was  drowned  in  the  Ohio  river  August  24, 
1818. 

Carr,  John,  a  Representative  from  Indiana; 
elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Twenty-second, 
Twenty-third,  and  Twenty- fourth  Congresses 
(March  4,  1831-March  3,  1837);  elected  to  the 
Twenty-sixth  Congress  (March  4,  1839-March  3, 
1841);  died  in  Charlestown,  Ind.,  January  20,  1845. 

Carr,  Nathan  T.,  a  Representative  from 
Indiana;  native  of  that  state;  completed  prepara- 
tory studies;  a  resident  of  Columbus,  Ind.;  elected 
as  a  Democrat  to  the  Forty-fourth  Congress,  to  fill 
vacancy  caused  by  the  death  of  Michael  C.  Kerr, 
and  served  from  December  5,  1876,  to  March  3, 
1877. 

Carrington,  Edward,  a  Delegate  from  Vir- 
ginia; born  in  Goochland  county,  Va.,  February 
11,  1749;  served  in  the  Revolutionary  army; 
second  lieutenant  of  the  first  Virginia  light 
dragoons  October  12,  1812;  captain  third  rifles 
March  17,  1814;  quartermaster  general  under 
Gen.  Greene;  discharged  June  15,  1815;  sat  in  the 
Continental  Congress  1785-1786;  was  foreman  of 
the  jury  in  the  trial  of  Aaron  Burr  for  treason  in 
1807;  died  in  Richmond,  Va.,  October  28,  1810. 

Carroll,  of  Carrollton,  Charles,  a  Delegate 
and  a  Senator  from  Maryland ;  born  in  Annapolis, 
Md.,  September  20,  1737;  attended  the  College  of 
St.  Omer,  in  France;  studied  the  civil  law  at  the 
College  of  Louis-le-Grand  in  Rheims,  and  the  com- 
mon law  at  the  Temple  in  London;  returned  to 
Baltimore  in  1764;  Continental  commissioner  to 
Canada  in  1776;  delegate  to  the  constitutional  con- 
vention of  Maryland ;  sat  in  the  Continental  Con- 
gress, from  July  18, 1776,  to  1778,  when  he  resigned, 
having  been  elected  to  the  state  senate;  signer  of 
the  Declaration  of  Independence;  elected  as  a  Fed- 
eralist to  the  United  States  Senate  (1789) ;  reelected. 
and  served  from  March  4,  1789,  until  he  resigned 
in  1792;  member  of  the  state  senate  of  Maryland 
from  1791  until  1801,  when  he  retired  to  private 
life;  set  the  stone  marking  the  beginning  of  the 
Baltimore  &  Ohio  Railroad  July  4,  1828;  died  in 
Baltimore,  Md.,  November  14,  1832;  at  the  time 
of  his  death  he  was  the  last  survivor  of  the  Con- 
tinental Congress,  and  of  those  who  signed  the 
Declaration  of  Independence. 

Carroll,  Charles  H.,  a  Representative  from 
New  York;  born  in  Maryland  June  7,  1794;  moved 
to  the  Genesee  valley,  N.  Y.;  studied  law,  but 
never  practiced ;  county  judge  1823-1829;  member 
ci  the  state  house  of  representatives  in  1836; 
served  in  the  state  senate  in  1827-1828;  elected 
as  a  Henry  Clay  Whig  to  the  Twenty-eighth  and 


Twenty-ninth  Congresses  (March  4,  1843-March  3, 
1847);  candidate  for  presidential  elector  on  the 
Fillmore  and  Donelson  ticket  in  1856,  and  on  the 
Bell  and  Everett  ticket  in  1860;  died  in  Grove- 
land,  N.  Y.,  June  8,  1865. 

Carroll,  Daniel,  a  Delegate  and  a  Representa- 
tive from  Maryland;  born  in  Upper  Marlboro, 
Prince  Georges  county,  Md.,  July  22,  1730;  sat 
in  the  Continental  Congress  1780-1784;  delegate 
in  the  convention  that  framed  the  Federal  con- 
stitution; elected  as  a  Federalist  to  the  First  Con- 
gress (March  4,  1789-March  3,  1791);  took  an  ac- 
tive part  in  fixing  seat  of  government;  appointed 
by  President  Washington,  in  1791,  one  of  the  com- 
missioners to  locate  the  District  of  Columbia 
and  the  Federal  city;  died  in  Washington,  D.  C., 
in  1796. 

Carroll,  James,  a  Representative  from  Mary- 
land; born  in  Baltimore,  Md.,  December  2,  1791; 
was  graduated  from  old  St.  Mary's  college  in  1808; 
studied  law,  but  did  not  practice;  located  on  a 
farm  on  the  West  river;  removed  to  Baltimore, 
Md.,  in  1831;  judge  of  the  orphan's  court;  trustee 
of  the  poor;  director  of  the  Baltimore  and  Ohio 
railroad  company  and  the  Chesapeake  and  Ohio 
Canal  Co.;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Twenty- 
sixth  Congress  (March  4,  1839-March  3,  1841); 
unsuccessful  candidate  for  governor  of  Maryland; 
retired  from  political  life;  died  in  Baltimore.  Md., 
January  16,  1873. 

Carroll,  John  M.,  a  Representative  from  New 
York;  born  in  Springfield,  N.  Y.,  April  27,  1823; 
was  graduated  from  Union  college,  Schenectady, 
N.  Y..,  in  1846;  studied  law  and  in  1848  was  admit- 
ted to  the  bar;  afterwards  practiced  in  Johnstown; 
elected  district  attorney  of  Fulton  county  in  1859, 
which  position  he  held  for  three  years;  elected  as  a 
Democrat  to  the  Forty-second  Congress  (March  4, 
1871-March  3,  1873);  died  in  Johnstown,  N.  Y., 
May8,  1901. 

Carson,  Samuel  P.,  a  Representative  from 
North  Carolina;  born  in  Pleasant  Garden,  N.  C.; 
member  of  the  state  senate  of  North  Carolina  in 
1822-1824;  elected  to  the  Nineteenth,  Twentieth, 
Twenty-first,  and  Twenty-second  Congresses  (March 
4,  1825-March  3,  1833) ;  after  his  retirement  from 
Congress  moved  to  Arkansas;  died  in  Hot  Springs, 
Ark.,  in  November,  1840. 

Carter,  Charles  David,  a  Representative  from 
Oklahoma;  born  in  Boggy  Depot,  Choctaw  Nation, 
Indian  Territory,  August  16,  1869;  moved  with  his 
father  to  Mill  Creek,  a  stage  stand  on  the  western 
frontier  of  the  Chickasaw  Nation  in  April,  1876; 
attended  subscription  school  for  two  terms;  at- 
tended the  Chickasaw  manual  labor  academy;  ap- 
pointed auditor  of  public  accounts  of  the  Chicka- 
saw Nation  and  served  two  years;  member  of  the 
Chickasaw  council  for  the  term  of  1895;  superin- 
tendent of  schools,  Chickasaw  Nation,  1897;  ap- 
pointed mining  trustee  of  Indian  Territory  by 
President  McKinley  in  November,  1900,  and  served 
four  years;  secretary  of  the  first  Democratic  execu- 
tive committee  of  the  proposed  state  of  Oklahoma 
June  to  December,  1906;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to 
the  Sixtieth  and  Sixty-first  Congresses  (March  4, 
1907-March  3,  1911).  Reelected  to  the  Sixty-second 
Congress. 

Carter,  John,  a  Representative  from  South 
Carolina;  born  on  Black  River,  Sumter  district. 
South  Carolina,  September  11,  1792;  was  graduated 


BIOGRAPHIES. 


533 


from  the  South  Carolina  college  in  1811;  studied 
law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced 
practice  in  Camden;  elected  to  the  Seventeenth 
Congress,  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  the  resignation 
of  James  Blair;  reflected  to  the  Eighteenth,  Nine- 
teenth, and  Twentieth  Congresses,  and  served  from 
December  11,  1822,  to  March  3, 1829;  resumed  the 

Eractice  of  law  in  Camden;  moved  to  Georgetown, 
.  C.,  in  1836,  where  he  died  June  20,  1850. 

Carter,  Luther  Cullen,  a  Representative  from 
New  York;  born  in  Bethel,  Me.,  February  25,  1805; 
moved  to  New  York  and  engaged  in  mercantile 
pursuits;  member  of  the  board  of  education  of 
New  York  City  for  several  years;  retired  from  busi- 
ness and  moved  to  Long  Island ,  where  he  became 
interested  in  agriculture;  elected  as  a  Union  Re- 
publican to  the  Thirty -sixth  Congress  (March  4, 
1859-March  3,  1861);  died  in  Borough  of  Brooklyn, 
New  York  City,  January  3,  1875. 

Carter,  Thomas  Henry,  a  Delegate  from  the 
Territory  of  Montana,  and  a  Representative  and  a 
Senator  from  Montana;  born  in  Scioto  county, 
Ohio,  October  30,  1854;  attended  the  common 
schools  in  Illinois;  studied  law,  and  was  admit- 
ted to  the  bar;  in  1882  moved  from  Burlington, 
Iowa,  to  Helena,  Mont.;  elected  Delegate  from  the 
Territory  of  Montana  to  the  Fifty-first  Congress 
(March -4,  1889-March  3, 1891);  upon  the  admission 
of  the  state  during  that  Congress  was  elected  its 
first  Representative;  commissioner  of  the  general 
land  office  from  March.  1891,  to  July,  1892,  when 
he  was  elected  chairman  of  the  Republican  na- 
tional committee;  delegate  from  Montana  to  the 
Republican  national  conventions  of  1896,  1900, 
and  1904;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  United 
States  Senate  and  served  from  March  4, 1895,  until 
March  3, 1901 ;  appointed  by  President  McKinley  a 
member  of  the  board  of  commissioners  of  the 
Louisiana  purchase  exposition,  and  served  as 
its  president;  again  elected  to  the  United  States 
Senate,  and  served  from  March  4,  1905,  to  March 
3,  1911;  appointed  a  member  of  the  International 
Joint  Commission  to  consider  boundaries  and 
waterways  between  the  United  States  and  Canada; 
died  in  Washington,  D.  C.,  September  17,  1911. 

Carter,  Timothy  Jarvis,  a  Representative 
from  Maine;  born  in  Bethel,  in  the  then  Maine 
district  of  Massachusetts,  August  18,  1800;  studied 
law?  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  practiced  in 
Paris,  Me.;  secretary  of  the  state  senate  of  Maine 
in  1833;  county  attorney  1833-1837;  elected  as  a 
Democrat  to  the  Twenty-fifth  Congress  and  served 
from  September  4,  1837,  until  his  death  in  Wash- 
ington, D.  C.,  March  14,  1838. 

Carter,  William.  B.,  a  Representative  from  Ten- 
nessee; born  in  Tennessee  in  1792;  attended  the 
public  schools;  member  of  the  state  legislature  of 
Tennessee,  and  served  in  both  houses;  delegate  to 
the  state  constitutional  convention  of  1834  and  its 
presiding  officer;  elected  as  a  Whig  to  the  Twenty- 
fourth,  Twenty-fifth,  and  Twenty-sixth  Congresses 
(March  4,  1835-March  3,  1841);  died  in  Elizabeth- 
town,  Tenn.,  April  17.  1848. 

Cartter,  David  Kellogg,  a  Representative 
from  Ohio;  born  in  Rochester,  N.  Y.,  June  22, 1812; 
studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1832,  and 
commenced  practice  in  Akron,  Ohio;  moved  to 
MassiHon,  Ohio,  and  practiced;  member  of  the 
state  legislature;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the 
Thirty-first  and  Thirty-second  Congresses  (March 
4,1849-March  3, 1853);  moved  to  Cleveland,  Ohio, 


in  1860;  delegate  to  the  Republican  national  con- 
vention in  1860;  appointed  United  States  minister 
to  Bolivia  by  President  Lincoln  and  served  from 
March  27, 1861,  to  March  10,  1862;  appointed  chief 
justice  of  the  supreme  court  of  the  District  of 
Columbia  in  1863  and  served  until  his  death  in 
Washington,  D.  C.,  April  16,  1887;  interment  in 
Cleveland,  Ohio. 

Caruth,  Asher  Graham,  a  Representative  from 
Kentucky;  born  in  Scottsville,  Allen  county,  Ky., 
February  7,  1844;  attended  the  public  schools  of 
Philadelphia,  Pa.,  and  was  graduated  from  the 
high  school  of  Louisville  in  June,  1864;  was  gradu- 
ated from  the  law  department  of  the  University  of 
Louisville  in  March,  1866;  practiced  law  in  Hop- 
kinsville,  Ky.,  for  a  number  of  years;  then  re- 
turned to  Louisville  and  continued  in  practice; 
presidential  elector  in  1876;  attorney  of  the  board 
of  trustees  of  the  public  schools  of  Louisville  from 
1873-1880;  elected  commonwealth  attorney  for  the 
ninth  judicial  district  of  Kentucky  in  1880  for  six 
years,  and  reelected  in  August,  1886;  resigned  the 
office  in  March,  1887;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the 
Fiftieth,  Fifty-first,  Fifty-second,  and  Fifty-third 
Congresses  (March  4,  1887-March  3,  1895);  resumed 
the  practice  of  law  in  Louisville,  Ky.;  in  1902  was 
appointed  judge  of  the  criminal  division  of  the 
Jefferson  circuit  court;  appointed  a  commissioner 
of  the  St.  Louis  exposition  in  1904;  died  in  Louis- 
ville, Ky.,  November  25,  1907. 

Caruthers,  Robert  Looney,  a  Representative 
from  Tennessee;  born  in  Smith  county,  Tenn., 
July  31, 1800;  studied  law  and  in  1823  was  admitted 
to  the  bar;  clerk  of  the  state  house  of  representatives 
in  1824;  clerk  of  the  chancery  court  of  Smith 
county  and  editor  of  a  newspaper;  moved  to  Wilson 
county  in  1826;  state  attorney  1827-1832;  member 
of  the  Tennessee  house  of  representatives  in  1835; 
was  the  founder  of  Cumberland  university  in 
Lebanon,  Tenn.,  in  1842,  and  of  its  law  depart- 
ment in  1847 ;  presidential  elector  on  the  Clay  and 
Frelinghuysen  ticket  in  1844;  elected  as  a  Whig  to 
the  Twenty-seventh  Congress  (March  4,  1841- 
March  3,  1843);  appointed  judge  of  the  supreme 
court  of  Tennessee  in  1852;  delegate  from  Tennessee 
to  the  peace  convention  of  1860;  elected  governor 
in  1862,  but  on  account  of  the  occupation  of  the 
state  by  Federal  forces  never  assumed  the  duties  of 
the  office;  died  in  Lebanon,  Tenn.,  October  2, 1882. 

Caruthers,  Samuel,  a  Representative  from 
Missouri;  born  in  Madison  county,  Mo.,  October 
13,  1820;  was  graduated  from  Clinton  college, 
Tennessee;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar, 
and  commenced  practice  in  Fredericktown,  Mo.; 
moved  to  Cape  Girardeau,  Mo.,  in  1844;  held  several 
local  offices;  elected  as  a  Whig  to  the  Thirty-third 
and  Thirty-fourth  Congresses  (March  4,  1853- 
March  3,  1857);  reelected  as  a  Democrat  to  the 
Thirty-fifth  Congress  (March  4,  1857-March  3, 
1859);  died  in  Cape  Girardeau,  Mo  ,  August  20, 
1860. 

Gary,  George,  a  Representative  from  Georgia; 
born  in  Charles  county,  Md.;  moved  to  Appling, 
Ga.;  elected  to  the  Eighteenth  and  Nineteenth 
Congresses  (March  4,  1823-March  3,  1827);  died  in 
Upson  county,  Ga.,  June  14,  1844. 

Gary,  George  B.,  a  Representative  from  Vir- 
ginia; born  near  Petersburg,  Va.,  in  1811;  elected 
as  a  Democrat  to  the  Twenty-seventh  Congress 
(March  4,  1841-March3, 1843);  died  in  Bethlehem, 
Va.,  March  5,  1850. 


534 


CONGRESSIONAL   DIRECTORY. 


Cary,  Jeremiah  E.,  a  Representative  from  New 
York;  born  in  Coventry,  R.  I.,  April  30,  1803; 
attended  the  public  schools;  moved  to  the  state  of 
New  York;  studied  law  and  in  1829  commenced 
practice;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Twenty- 
eighth  Congress  (March  4, 1843-March  3, 1845);  re- 
moved to  New  York  City,  where  he  continued  the 
practice  of  law. 

Gary,  Samuel  Fentpn,  a  Representative  from 
Ohio;  born  in  Cincinnati,  Ohio,  February  18,  1814; 
was  graduated  from  the  Miami  University  of  Ohio 
and  from  the  Cincinnati  law  school;  practiced  law 
until  1845,  when  he  devoted  himself  to  temperance 
and  other  reforms;  was  a  delegate  to  the  Republican 
national  convention  in  1864  which  nominated 
Abraham  Lincoln  for  President;  nominated  in  1876 
in  the  convention  of  the  Greenback  Party  for  the 
Vice  Presidency;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the 
Fortieth  Congress  (March  4,  1867-March  3,  1869); 
died  in  Cincinnati,  Ohio,  September  29,  1900. 

Cary,  Shepard,  a  Representative  from  Maine; 
born  in  New  Salem,  Mass.,  July  3,  1805;  attended 
the  public  schools;  engaged  in  agricultural  and 
mercantile  pursuits;  member  of  the  state  house  of 
representatives  in  1832, 1833, 1839, 1840, 1841, 1842, 
1843;  presidential  elector  on  the  Van  Buren  and 
Johnson  ticket  in  1836;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to 
the  Twenty-eighth  Congress  (March  4,  1843- 
March  3,  1845);  died  in  Houlton,  Me.,  August  9, 
1866. 

Gary,  William  Joseph,  a  Representative  from 
Wisconsin;  born  in  Milwaukee,  Wis.,  March  22, 
1865;  attended  the  public  schools;  at  eighteen  a 
telegraph  operator;  served  as  alderman  1900-1902; 
elected  sheriff  of  Milwaukee  county  in  1904; 
elected  a's  a  Republican  to  the  Sixtieth  and  Sixty- 
first  Congresses  (March  4,  1907-March  3,  1911). 
Reelected  to  the  Sixty -second  Congress. 

Case,  Charles,  a  Representative  from  Indiana; 
born  in  Austinburg,  Ohio,  December  21,  1817; 
studied  law  and  practiced  in  Fort  Wayne,  Ind.; 
elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Thirty-fifth  Con- 
gress, to  fill  a  vacancy  caused  by  the  death  of 
Samuel  Brenton;  reelected  to  the  Thirty -sixth 
Congress,  and  served  from  December  7,  1857,  to 
March  3,  1861. 

Case,  Walter,  a  Representative  from  New  York; 
born  in  town  of  Poughkeepsie,  Dutchess  county, 
N.  Y.,  in  1776;  was  graduated  from  Union  college, 
Schenectady,  N.  Y.,  in  1799;  elected  to  the  Six- 
teenth Congress  (March  4,  1819-March  3,  1821); 
died  in  Fishkill,  N.  Y.,  October  7,  1859. 

Casey,  Joseph,  a  Representative  from  Pennsyl- 
vania; born  in  Washington  county,  Maryland,  in 
1814;  studied  law  and  practiced  in  New  Berlin. 
Pa.;  elected  as  a  Whig  to  the  Thirty-first  Congress 
(March  4,  1849-March  3,  1851^1;  in  1863  appointed 
by  President  Lincoln  judge  of  the  Court  of  Claims, 
and  was  the  first  chief  justice  of  that  court;  died 
in  Washington,  D.  C.,  February  10,  1879. 

Casey,  Levi,  a  Representative  from  South  Caro- 
lina; born  in  South  Carolina  in  1749;  served  in  the 
Revolutionary  War;  elected  brigadier  general  of 
militia;  justice  of  Newberry  county  court  in  1785; 
elected  to  the  Eighth  and  Ninth  Congresses,  and 
served  from  March  4, 1803,  until  his  death,  in  Wash- 
ington, D.  C.,  February  1,  1807. 

Casey,  Lyman  Rufus,  a  Senator  from  North 
Dakota;  born  in  York,  Livingston  county,  N.  Y., 


May  6,  1837;  when  very  young  moved  with  his 
parents  to  Ypsilanti,  Mich.;  in  the  hardware  busi- 
ness for  many  years;  settled  in  Dakota  in  1882,  at 
Carrington,  Foster  county;  chairman  of  the  North 
Dakota  committee  on  irrigation;  commissioner  of 
Foster  county;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the 
United  States  Senate  and  served  from  November  25 
1889,  to  March  3r  1893;  located  in  New  York  City. 

Casey,  Samuel  Lewis,  a  Representative  from 
Kentucky;  born  in  Union  county,  Ky.,  February 
12,  1821;  member  of  the  state  legislature,  1860- 
1862;  elected  to  the  Thirty-seventh  Congress,  to 
fill  vacancy  caused  by  the  expulsion  of  Henry  C. 
Burnett,  and  served  from  March  10,  1862,  until 
March  3,  1863;  died  in  St.  Joseph,  Mo.,  August  25, 
1902. 

Casey,  Zadok,  a  Representative  from  Illinois; 
born  in  Greene  county,  Ga.,  March  7,  1796;  at- 
tended the  common  schools;  moved  to  Illinois  in 
1819,  and  settled  near  the  present  site  of  Mt.  Vernon ; 
member  of  the  state  house  of  representatives  1822- 
1826;  served  in  the  state  senate  1826-1830;  elected 
lieutenant-governor  of  Illinois  in  1830;  volunteer 
in  the  Black  Hawk  war  in  1832;  elected  as  a  Jack- 
son Democrat  to  the  Twenty-third,  Twenty -fourth, 
Twenty-fifth,  Twenty-sixth,  and  Twenty-seventh 
Congresses  (March  4, 1833-March  3,  1843);  the  city 
of  Caseyville,  111.,  was  named  for  him;  retired  to 
his  farm  ' '  Elm  Hill, ' '  near  Mt.  Vernon ,  111. ;  delegate 
to  the  State  constitutional  conventions  in  1848  and 
1860 ;  again  a  member  of  the  state  house  of  represent- 
atives 1848-1852,  and  served  as  speaker  in  1848;  re- 
elected  to  the  state  senate  in  1860;  died  in  Casey- 
ville, 111.,  September  4,  1862;  interment  in  Mt. 
Vernon,  111. 

Caskie,  John  Samuels,  a  Representative  from 
Virginia;  born  in  Richmond,  Va.,  November  8, 
1821 ;  was  graduated  from  the  University  of  Virginia; 
studied  law  and  practiced  in  Richmond;  prosecut- 
ing attorney;  judge  of  the  Richmond  and  Henrico 
circuit;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Thirty-second, 
Thirty-third,  Thirty-fourth,  and  Thirty-fifth  Con- 
gresses (March  4, 1851-March  3,  1859);  resumed  the 
practice  of  law;  died  in  Richmond,  Va.,  December 
16,  1869. 

Cason,  Thomas  Jefferson.,  a  Representative 
from  Indiana;  born  in  Union  county,  Ind.,  Septem- 
ber 13, 1828;  attended  the  common  schools;  studied 
law ,  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1850,  and  practiced  in 
Lebanon,  Ind. ;  member  of  the  state  house  of  repre- 
sentatives 1861-1864,  and  of  the  state  senate  1864- 
1867;  in  April,  1867,  appointed  by  Gov.  Baker 
common  pleas  judge  and  was  elected  to  the  same 
office;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Forty-third 
and  Forty -fourth  Congresses  (March  4, 1873-March 
3,  1877);  died  in  Washington,  D.  C.,  July  10, 1901. 

Cass,  Lewis,  a  Senator  from  Michigan;  born  in 
Exeter,  N.  H.,  October  9,  1782;  attended  Exeter 
academy;  removed  with  parents  to  Wilmington, 
Del.,  and  soon  after  to  a  farm  near  Zanesville,  Ohio; 
studied  law  in  Marietta,  Ohio,  with  Governor  Meigs; 
was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1803,  and  began  practice 
in  Zanesville;  member  of  the  Ohio  house  of  rep- 
resentatives; United  States  marshal  for  the  district 
of  Ohio  1807-1813;  colonel  of  the  third  Ohio  vol- 
unteers in  1812;  appointed  colonel  of  the  twenty- 
seventh  United  States  infantry  February  20,  1813, 
and  promoted  to  the  rank  of  brigadier  general  March 
12,  1813;  resigned  May  1,  1814;  military  and  civil 
governor  of  Michigan  Territory  1813-1831 ;  appointed 
by  President  Jackson  Secretary  of  War,  served  from 


BIOGRAPHIES. 


535 


August  1,  1831  to  October  5,  1836;  from  October 

24,  1836,  to  November  12, 1842,  minister  to  France; 
elected  a  United  States  Senator  as  a  Democrat,  and 
served  from  March  4,  1845,  to  May  29,  1848,  when 
he  resigned;  in  1844  and  1852  defeated  as  the  Demo- 
cratic candidate  for  President;  subsequently  elected 
Senator,  to  fill  the  vacancy  occasioned  by  his  own 
resignation;  was  reelected,  and  served  from  January 
20, 1849,  to  March  3,  1857;  Secretary  of  State  under 
President  Buchanan  from  March  6,   1857,   until 
December  14,  1860,  when  he  resigned;  returned  to 
Detroit,  Mich.,  where  he  died  June  17,  1866. 

Cassedy,  George,  a  Representative  from  New 
Jersey;  born  in  Bergen  county,  N.  J.,  May  14, 
1784;  elected  to  the  Seventeenth,  Eighteenth,  and 
Nineteenth  Congresses  (March  4,  1821-March  3, 
1827);  died  in  Hackensack,  N.  J.,  December  31, 
1842. 

Cassel,  Henry  Burd,  a  Representative  from 
Pennsylvania;  born  in  Marietta,  Pa,.,  October  19, 
1855;  attended  the  public  schools  of  Marietta  and 
the  Columbia  classical  institute;  member  of  the 
county  committee  in  1881;  chairman  of  the  county 
committee  in  1893;  delegate  to  the  Republican 
national  convention  in  1896;  in  1898  and  1900 
elected  to  the  lower  house  of  the  state  legislature; 
elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Fifty-seventh  Con- 
gress to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  the  death  of  Marriott 
Brosius,  reelected  to  the  Fifty-eighth,  Fifty-ninth, 
and  Sixtieth  Congresses,  and  served  from  Decem- 
ber 2,  1901,  to  March  3,  1909;  resumed  business  in 
Marietta,  Pa.,  as  a  manufacturer  and  contractor. 

Casserly,  Eugene,  a  Senator  from  California; 
born  in  Ireland,  November  13,  1820;  emigrated 
with  his  parents  to  New  York  when  quite  young; 
was  graduated  from  Georgetown  college,  District  of 
Columbia;  studied  law,  and  in  1844  was  admitted 
to  the  bar;  corporation  attorney  in  New  York  City 
1846-47;  in  1850  moved  to  California  and  located  in 
San  Francisco;  connected  with  the  press  for  five 
years;  state  printer,  1851-1852;  member  of  second 
state  constitutional  convention  of  California,  1878- 
1879;  practiced  law  from  1851  until  November, 
1868;  elected  a  United  States  Senator  as  a  Demo- 
crat and  served  from  March  4,  1869,  until  Novem- 
ber 29,  1873,  when  he  resigned;  resumed  the  prac- 
tice of  law  in  San  Francisco;  died  in  San  Francisco, 
Cal.,  June  14,  1883. 

Cassidy,  George  Williams,  a  Representative 
from  Nevada;  born  in  Bourbon  county,  Ky.,  April 

25,  1836;  attended  the  free   schools;  engaged  in 
newspaper  work;  member  of  the  state  senate  1872- 
1876;  president  of  the  senate  for  the  session  of  1879; 
elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Forty-seventh  and 
Forty-eighth  Congresses  (March  4,  1881-March  3, 
1885);  appointed  national-bank  examiner  for  Ne- 
vada, Utah,  California,  and  Colorado  by  President 
Cleveland;  died  in  Reno,  Nev.,  June  24,  1892. 

Cassidy,  James  Henry,  a  Representative  from 
Ohio;  born  in  Cleveland,  Ohio,  October 28, 1869;  at- 
tended the  public  schools;  studied  law  at  the 
Cleveland  law  school,  was  admitted  to  the  bar  and 
practiced  in  Cleveland,  Ohio;  clerk  of  the  commit- 
tee on  rivers  and  harbors,  House  of  Representatives, 
during  the  Fifty-seventh,  Fifty-eighth,  Fifty-ninth, 
and  Sixtieth  Congresses,  resigned  January  11,  1909; 
elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Sixty-first  Congress, 
to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  the  resignation  of  Theo- 
dore E.  Burton,  and  served  from  April  26,  1909,  to 
March  3,  1911;  resumed  the  practice  of  law  in 
Cleveland,  Ohio. 


Cassingham,  John  W.,  a  Representative  from 
Ohio;  born  in  Coshocton,  Ohio,  June  22,  1840; 
attended  the  public  schools;  deputy  treasurer  of 
his  county  1857-1868;  county  auditor  1880-1887; 
engaged  in  coal  mining  and  in  the  manufacture  of 
paper;  trustee  of  the  public  library;  member  of 
the  board  of  education;  president  of  the  Coshocton 
board  of  trade;  delegate  to  the  Democratic  national 
convention  in  Chicago  in  1896;  elected  as  a  Demo- 
crat to  the  Fifty-seventh  and  Fifty-eighth  Con- 
gresses (March  4,  1901-March  3,  1905);  a  resident 
of  Coshocton,  Ohio,  and  president  of  the  Commer- 
cial National  bank. 

Castle,  Curtis  Harvey,  a  Representative  from 
California;  born  October  4,  1848,  in  Knox  county, 
111.;  attended  Knox  college,  Galesburg,  111.;  was 
graduated  in  1872  from  the  Northwestern  uni- 
versity, Evanston,  111.;  studied  medicine  and  was 
graduated  in  1878  from  College  of  Physicians  and 
Surgeons,  Keokuk,  Iowa;  member  of  the  American 
academy  of  medicine;  chairman  of  the  Populist 
executive  committee  of  his  county  and  member 
of  the  state  executive  committee;  elected  as  the 
candidate  of  the  Populist  and  Democratic  Parties 
to  the  Fifty-fifth  Congress  (March  4,  1897-March  3, 
1899);  resumed  the  practice  of  medicine  in  Merced, 
Cal. 

Castle,  James  Nathan,  a  Representative  from 
Minnesota;  born  in  Shefford,  Province  of  Quebec, 
May  23, 1836;  attended  the  public  schools;  in  1862 
moved  to  Washington  county,  Minn.;  elected  dis- 
trict attorney  in  1865;  located  in  Stillwater,  where 
he  engaged  in  the  practice  of  law;  elected  to  the 
state  senate  in  1868,  1878,  and  1882;  elected  as  a 
Democrat  to  the  Fifty-second  Congress  (March  4 , 
1891-March  3,  1893);  died  in  Stillwater,  Minn., 
January  2,  1903. 

Castor,  George  Albert,  a  Representative  from 
Pennsylvania;  born  in  Philadelphia,  Pa.,  August 
6,  1855;  attended  the  public  schools;  member  of 
the  Republican  city  committee  for  fifteen  years; 
elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Fifty-eighth  Con- 
gress February  16,  1904,  to  fill  vacancy  occasioned 
by  the  death  of  Henry  Burk;  reelected  to  the  Fifty- 
ninth  Congress,  and  served  from  February  29, 1904, 
until  his  death  in  Philadelphia,  Pa.,  February  19, 
1906. 

Caswell,  Lucien  Bonaparte,  a  Representative 
from  Wisconsin;  born  in  Swanton,  Vt.,  November 
27,1827 ;  moved  to  Wisconsin  in  1837 ;  pursued  a  par- 
tial collegiate  course;  studied  law,  admitted  to  the 
bar  in  1851,  and  practiced;  elected  district  attor- 
ney in  1855-56;  member  of  the  legislative  assem- 
bly of  Wisconsin  in  1863,  1872,  and  1874;  commis- 
sioner of  the  second  district  board  of  enrollment 
from  September,  1863,  to  May  5,  1865;  delegate  to 
the  Republican  national  convention  in  Chicago  in 
1868;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Forty-fourth, 
Forty-fifth,  Forty-sixth,  Forty-seventh,  Forty- 
ninth,  Fiftieth,  and  Fifty-first  Congresses,  served 
from  March  4,  1875,  to  March  3,  1883,  and  from 
March  4,  1885,  to  March  3,  1891;  resumed  the  prac- 
tice of  law  in  Fort  Atkinson,  Wis.;  vice  president 
and  acting  president  of  the  First  National  Bank. 

Caswell,  Richard,  a  Delegate  from  North  Caro- 
lina; born  in  Maryland,  August  3,  1729;  in  1746 
moved  to  Raleigh,  N.  C.;  studied  law  and  prac- 
ticed; member  of  the  colonial  house  of  delegates 
1754-1771;  served  as  speaker  the  last  two  years; 
commanded  the  right  wing  at  the  battle  of  Alla- 
mance  in  1771;  served  in  the  Revolutionary 
Army;  sat  in  the  Continental  Congress  1774-1776; 


536 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 


delegate  to  the  state  constitutional  convention, 
and  its  president;  governor  of  North  Carolina 
1777-1780;  commanded  the  North  Carolina  troops 
at  the  battle  of  Camden  in  1780,  speaker  of  the 
senate  of  North  Carolina  1782-1784;  also  served 
as  comptroller  general;  governor  of  North  Carolina 
1785-1788;  appointed  delegate  from  North  Carolina 
to  the  convention  which  framed  the  Federal  Con- 
stitution, 1787,  but  did  not  attend;  in  1789  elected 
state  senator  and  served  until  his  death  in  Fayette- 
ville,  N.  C.,  November  20,  1789. 

Catchings,  Thomas  Clendinen,  a  Representa- 
tive from  Mississippi;  born  in  Hinds  county, 
Miss.,  January  11,  1847;  attended  the  University 
of  Mississippi  in  1859,  and  Oakland  college  in 
1861;  entered  the  Confederate  army  in  1861,  and 
served  throughout  the  war;  commenced  the  study 
of  law  in  1865,  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  May, 
1866,  and  practiced  in  Vicksburg;  elected  to  the 
state  senate  of  Mississippi  in  1875,  but  resigned 
on  being  nominated  in  1877  for  attorney  general; 
was  elected  attorney  general,  and  reelected  in 
1881;  resigned  February  16,  1885;  elected  as  a 
Democrat  to  the  Forty-ninth,  Fiftieth,  Fifty- 
first,  Fifty-second,  Fifty-third,  Fifty-fourth,  Fifty- 
fifth,  and  Fifty-sixth  Congresses  (March  4,  1885- 
March  3,  1901);  resumed  the  practice  of  law  in 
Vicksburg,  Miss. 

Gate,  George  Washing-ton,  a  Representative 
from  Wisconsin;  born  in  Montpelier,  Vt.,  Septem- 
ber 17, 1825;  attended  the  common  schools;  studied 
law  and  in  1845  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  Mont- 
pelier; moved  to  Wisconsin  in  1845  and  located  in 
Plover;  member  of  the  state  legislature  1852-53; 
elected  judge  of  the  circuit  court  in  April,  1854, 
holding  the  position  until  March  4,  1875,  when  he 
resigned;  elected  as  an  Independent  Reformer  to 
the  Forty-fourth  Congress  (March  4,  1875-March  3, 
1877);  died  in  Stevens  Point,  Wis.,  March  7,  1905. 

Gate,  William  Henderson,  a  Representative 
from  Arkansas;  born  in  Rutherford  county,  Tenn., 
November  11,  1839;  was  graduated  in  the  class  of 
1857  from  the  university  at  Knoxville ;  engaged  in 
teaching  in  the  south  and  west  for  some  time;  in 
the  Confederate  army;  settled  in  Jonesboro,  Ark., 
in  1865;  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1866;  elected  to 
the  legislature  1871-1873,  including  the  extra 
session  of  1874;  elected  prosecuting  attorney  of 
the  second  circuit  in  1878;  appointed  judge  of 
the  second  circuit  in  March,  1884;  elected  to  the 
same  position  in  September,  1884;  organized  the 
Bank  of  Jonesboro  in  1887;  claimed  to  have  been 
elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Fifty-first  Congress, 
but  Lewis  E.  Featherstone  successfully  contested 
his  election  and  was  given  the  seat  March  5,  1890; 
elected  to  the  Fifty-second  Congress;  served  from 
March  4,  1889,  to  March  5,  1890,  and  from  March 
4,  1891,  to  March  3,  1893;  died  in  Toledo,  Ohio, 
August  23,  1899. 

Cathcart,  Charles  William,  a  Representative 
and  a  Senator  from  Indiana;  born  in  Funchal,  island 
of  Maderia,  July  24,  1809;  spent  his  early  life  at  sea; 
in  1831  located  in  Laporte,  Ind. ;  United  States  land 
surveyor  for  several  years;  member  of  the  state 
house  of  representatives;  presidential  elector  on 
the  Polk  and  Dallas  ticket  in  1844;  elected  as  a 
Democrat  to  the  Twenty-ninth  and  Thirtieth  Con- 
gresses (March  4,  1845-March  3,  1849);  appointed 
United  States  Senator,  to  fill  the  vacancy  caused 
by  the  death  of  James  Whitcomb,  and  served 
from  December  6,  1352,  to  March  3,  1853;  died  in 
Laporte  county,  Ind.,  August  22,  1888. 


Catlin,  George  Smith,  a  Representative  from 
Connecticut;  born  in  Harwinton,  Conn.,  August  24, 
1808;  pursued  classical  studies  in  Amherst  college; 
studied  law  in  the  Litchfield,  Conn.,  law  school, 
was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1831 ,  and  practiced  in 
Windham,  Conn.;  member  of  the  state  legislature 
for  several  years;  state  attorney  for  Windham 
county;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Twenty- 
eighth  Congress  (March  4,  1843-March  3,  1845);  de- 
feated as  the  Democratic  candidate  for  governor  in 
1848;  member  of  the  state  senate  and  judge  of  the 
Windham  county  court;  died  in  Windham,  Conn., 
December  26,  1851. 

Catron,  Thomas  Benton,  a  Delegate  from  New 
Mexico  Territory,  and  a  Senator  from  New  Mexico; 
born  in  Lafayette  county,  Mo.,  October  6,  1840; 
attended  the  common  schools  and  was  graduated 
from  the  University  of  Missouri  in  1860;  served 
four  years  in  the  Confederate  army;  went  to  New 
Mexico  in  1866  and  commenced  the  practice  of  law ; 
appointed  district  attorney  of  the  third  district  for 
two  years;  member  of  the  legislative  assembly 
1868-1869,  and  in  1869  was  appointed  attorney  gen- 
eral of  the  Territory ;  resigned  to  take  the  position 
of  United  States  attorney,  to  which  he  was  ap- 

Eointed  by  President  Grant;  member  of  the  legis- 
itive  council  of  1884  and  1889;  elected  Delegate 
as  a  Republican  to  the  Fifty-fourth  Congress 
(March  4,  1895-March  3,  1897);  resumed  the  prac- 
tice of  law  in  Santa  Fe,  N.  Mex.;  upon  the  ad- 
mission of  the  State  of  New  Mexico  into  the  Union 
was  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  United  States 
Senate,  and  took  his  seat  April  2,  1912;  term  to 
expire  March  3,  1917. 

Cattell,  Alexander  Gilmore,  a  Senator  from 
New  Jersey;  born  in  Salem,  N.  J., February  12,1816; 
became  a  merchant  and  banker  in  Philadelphia; 
member  of  the  state  legislature  of  New  Jersey  in 
1840;  clerk  of  the  general  assembly  1842-1844; 
member  of  the  state  constitutional  convention  in 
1844 ;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  United  States 
Senate,  to  succeed  John  P.  Stockton,  whose  seat 
was  declared  vacant;  served  from  December  3, 
1866,  to  March  3,  1871;  died  in  Jamestown,  N.  Y., 
April  8,  1894;  interment  in  Merchantville,  N.  J. 

Caulfield,  Bernard  G.,  a  Representative  from 
Illinois;  born  in  Alexandria,  Va.,  October  18,  1828; 
was  graduated  from  Georgetown  college,  District 
of  Columbia,  in  1848,  and  in  1850  from  the  law 
department  of  the  University  of  Pennsylvania; 
moved  to  Chicago  in  1853,  where  he  commenced 
to  practice;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Forty- 
third  Congress,  to  fill  the  vacancy  caused  by  the 
death  of  John  B.  Rice;  reelected  to  the  Forty- 
fourth  Congress;  served  from  February  1,  1875,  to 
March  3,  1877;  died  in  Deadwood,  S.  Dak.,  Decem- 
ber 18,  1887. 

Caulfield,  Henry  Stewart,  a  Representative 
from  Missouri;  born  in  St.  Louis,  Mo.,  December 
9,  1873;  attended  city  schools,  and  was  graduated 
from  the  law  department  of  Washington  univer- 
sity; was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  practiced  in 
St.  Louis;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Sixtieth 
Congress  (March  4,  1907-March  3,  1909);  resumed 
the  practice  of  law  in  St.  Louis,  Mo. 

Causey,  John  Williams,  a  Representative  from 
Delaware;  born  in  Milford,  Kent  county,  Del., 
September  19,  1841;  attended  the  schools  of  his 
native  town,  Albany  academy,  New  York,  and 
Pennsylvania  agricultural  college;  elected  to  the 


BIOGRAPHIES. 


537 


state  senate  for  1875-1877;  delegate  to  the  Demo- 
cratic national  convention  in  1884;  appointed 
internal-revenue  collector  for  Delaware  by  Presi- 
dent Cleveland;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the 
Fifty-second  and  Fifty-third  Congresses  (March  4, 
1891-March  3,  1895);  died  in  Milford,  Del.,  October 
1,  1908. 

Causin,  John  M.  S.,  a  Representative  from 
Maryland;  born  in  Maryland  in  1811;  studied  law 
and  commenced  practice  in  Leonard  town;  mem- 
ber of  the  state  house  of  representatives  for  several 
terms;  elected  as  a  Whig  to  the  Twenty-eighth 
Congress  (March  4,  1843-March  3,  1845);  in  1848, 
presidential  elector  on  the  Taylor  and  Fillmore 
ticket;  died  in  Cairo,  111.,  January  30,  1861. 

Cavanaugh,  James  M.,  a  Representative  from 
Minnesota,  and  Delegate  from  Montana  Territory; 
born  in  Springfield,  Mass.,  July  4,  1823;  engaged 
in  newspaper  work;  studied  and  practiced  law;  in 
1854  settled  in  Minnesota,  and  elected  to  the 
Thirty-fifth  Congress  (March  4, 1857-March  3, 1859); 
removed  to  Colorado  in  1861  and  continued  the 
practice  of  law;  engaged  in  mining;  member  of 
the  convention  that  framed  the  constitution  of  the 
state  of  Colorado;  in  1866  went  to  Montana;  elected 
as  a  Democrat  a  Delegate  to  the  Fortieth  and 
Forty-first  Congresses  (March  4, 1867-March  3, 1871) ; 
died  in  Leadville,  Colo.,  in  1879. 

Cessna,  John,  a  Representative  from  Pennsyl- 
vania; born  in  Bedford  county,  Pa.,  June  29,  1821; 
in  1842  was  graduated  from  Marshall  college, 
Mercersburg;  studied  law  and  admitted  to  the  bar 
in  1845;  member  of  the  state  legislature  in  1850, 
1851,  1862,  and  1863,  served  as  speaker  of  the 
house  in  1851  and  1863;  delegate  to  the  Cincinnati 
convention  of  1856,  to  the  Charleston  and  Balti- 
more conventions  of  1860,  and  to  the  Chicago  con- 
vention of  1868;  chairman  of  the  Republican  state 
convention  and  chairman  of  the  Republican  state 
central  committee,  1865;  elected  as  a  Republican 
to  the  Forty-first  Congress  (March  4,  1869-March  3, 
1871);  reelected  to  the  Forty-third  Congress  (March 
4,  1873-March  3,  1875);  died  in  Bedford,  Pa.,  De- 
cember 13,  1893. 

Chace,  Jonathan,  a  Representative  and  a  Sena- 
tor from  Rhode  Island;  born  in  Fall  River,  Mass., 
July  22,  1829;  attended  an  academy;  moved  to 
Central  Falls,  R.  I.;  cotton  manufacturer;  member 
of  the  Rhode  Island  state  senate,  1876-1877; 
elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Forty-seventh  and 
Forty-eighth  Congresses,  and  served  from  March  4, 
1881,  to  January  26,  1885,  when  he  resigned;  elected 
United  States  Senator,  to  fill  vacancy  caused 
by  death  of  Henry  B.  Anthony,  and  served  from 
January  20,  1885;  subsequently  reelected,  but  re- 
signed April  9,  1889;  was  president  of  the  Phenix 
National  Bank  of  Providence,  R.  I.,  and  interested 
in  several  manufacturing  enterprises;  retired,  and 
a  resident  of  Central  Falls,  R.  I. 

Chaffee,  Calvin  Clifford,  a  Representative  from 
Massachusetts;  born  in  Saratoga,  N.  Y.,  August  28, 
1811;  studied  medicine  and  was  graduated  from 
the  medical  school  of  Middlebury  college;  located 
in  Springfield,  Mass.,  where  he  commenced  prac- 
tice; elected  as  a  Know  Nothing  to  the  Thirty- 
fourth  and  Thirty-fifth  Congresses  (March  4,  1855- 
March  3,  1859) ;  librarian  of  the  House  of  Represen- 
tatives 1859-1861;  located  in  Washington,  D.  C., 
]8G1-1876;  died  in  Springfield,  Mass.,  August  8, 
1896. 


Chaffee,  Jerome  Bunty,  a  Delegate  from  the 
Territory  of  Colorado,  and  a  Senator  from  Colo- 
rado; born  in  Niagara  county,  N.  Y.,  April  17, 
1825;  in  1846  moved  to  Adrian,  Mich.,  subse- 
quently settled  in  St.  Joseph,  Mo.,  in  1852;  and 
Elmwood,  Kans.,  conducted  a  banking  and  real 
estate  business  in  both  places;  removed  to  the  Ter- 
ritory of  Colorado  in  1860,  where  he  engaged  in 
banking;  elected  to  the  territorial  Legislature  in 
1861,  1862,  and  1863,  served  the  last  year  as 
speaker  of  the  house;  one  of  the  founders  of  the 
city  of  Denver'  in  1865  became  president  of  the 
First  National  bank  of  Denver;  elected  as  a  Re- 
publican a  Delegate  to  the  Forty-second  and 
Forty-third  Congresses  (March  4,  1871-March  3, 
1875);  elected  to  the  United  States  Senate  on  the 
admission  of  Colorado  as  a  state,  and  served  from 
November  15, 1876  to  March  3,  1879;  chairman  of 
the  Republican  executive  committee  of  1884;  died 
in  Salem  Center,  N.  Y.,  March  9,  1886. 

Chalmers,  James  Ronald,  a  Representative 
from  Mississippi,  born  in  Halifax  county,  Va., 
January  11,  1831;  moved  to  Mississippi  in  May, 
1839;  attended  school  in  Holly  Springs,  Miss.,  and 
was  graduated  from  South  Carolina  college,  Colum- 
bia, in  December,  1851 ;  studied  law  and  was  admit- 
ted to  the  bar  in  1853;  elected  district  attorney  for 
the  seventh  judicial  district  of  Mississippi  in  1858; 
member  of  the  secession  convention  of  Mississippi 
in  1861 ;  entered  the  Confederate  service  as  a  captain 
in  March,  1861;  elected  colonel  of  the  ninth  Missis- 
sippi regiment  in  April,  1861;  promoted  brigadier 
general  in  February,  1862;  transferred  to  the  cavalry 
service  in  1863;  surrendered  in  May,  1865,  in  com- 
mand of  the  first  division  of  Forrest's  cavalry  army 
corps;  member  of  the  state  senate  of  Mississippi  in 
1876  and  1877;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Forty- 
fifth  and  Forty-sixth  Congresses  (M:>,rch  4,  1877- 
March  3, 1881);  presented  credentials  as  a  Member- 
elect  to  the  Forty-seventh  Congress,  and  served 
from  March  4,  1881,  to  April  29,  1882,  when  he 
was  succeeded  by  John  R.  Lynch,  who  contested 
his  election ;  reelected  as  an  Independent  to  the 
Forty-eighth  Congress  and  was  seated  June  25, 1884, 
after  a  contest  with  Van  H.  Manning,  and  served 
to  March  3,  1885;  resumed  the  practice  of  law  in 
Memphis,  Tenn.,  where  he  died  April  9, 1898. 

Chalmers,  Joseph  Williams,  a  Senator  from 
Mississippi;  born  at  the  Chalmers  home  in  Halifax 
county,  Va.,  in  1807;  studied  law  in  the  university 
of  Virginia  and  in  Richmond;  was  admitted  to  the 
bar  and  practiced  in  Jackson  and  in  Holly  Springs, 
Miss.;  appointed  to  the  United  States  Senate,  to 
fill  vacancy  caused  by  the  resignation  of  Robert  J. 
Walker;  was  subsequently  elected  and  served  from 
November  3,  1845,  to  March  3,  1847;  presidential 
elector  on  the  Cass  ticket  in  1848;  resumed  the 
practice  of  law  in  Holly  Springs,  Miss.,  and  died 
there  in  June,  1853. 

Chamberlain,  Ebenezer  Mattoon,  a  Repre- 
sentative from  Indiana;  born  in  Orrington,  Me., 
August  20,  1805;  attended  the  public  schools; 
studied  law;  moved  to  Connersville,  Ind.,  in  1832, 
where  he  completed  his  studies;  was  admitted  to 
the  bar  and  commenced  practice  in  Elkhart  county 
in  1833;  member  of  the  state  house  of  representa- 
tives in  1835-1837;  judge  of  the  Elkhart  circuit 
court  for  nine  years;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the 
Thirty-third  Congress  (March  4,  1853-March  3, 
1855);  resumed  the  practice  of  law  in  Goshen,  Ind. ; 
died  there  March  14,  1861. 


538 


CONGRESSIONAL   DIRECTORY. 


Chamberlain,  George  Earle,  a  Senator  from 
Oregon;  born  on  a  plantation  near  Natchez,  Miss., 
January  1,  1854;  attended  private  and  public 
schools  of  Natchez  until  1870;  in  the  latter  year  he 
engaged  as  clerk  in  a  general  merchandise  store  in 
Natchez,  and  held  the  position  until  June,  1872; 
was  graduated  from  Washington  and  Lee  univer- 
sity literary  and  law  departments  in  June,  1876; 
went  to  Oregon  in  December,  1876;  taught  school 
in  Linn  county;  in  1877  was  appointed  deputy  clerk 
of  that  county;  this  position  he  held  until  the  sum- 
mer of  1879,  when  he  resigned  to  practice  law  in 
Albany;  in  1880  elected  to  the  legislature;  in  1884 
district  attorney  for  the  third  judicial  district,  and 
served  for  a  term  of  two  years;  attorney  general  of 
the  state  of  Oregon  by  appointment  1891-1892; 
elected  to  the  same  office  and  moved  to  Portland ; 
district  attorney  for  the  fourth  judicial  district  for 
four  years;  governor  1902-1906;  reelected  in  1906; 
in  1908  was  nominated  in  the  primaries  and  subse- 
quently elected  United  States  Senator  as  a  Demo- 
crat for  the  term  beginning  March  4,  1909. 

Chamberlain,  Jacob  Payson,  a  Representative 
from  New  York;  born  in  Dudley,  Mass.,  in  1802; 
attended  the  public  schools;  moved  to  Seneca  Falls, 
N.  Y.,  with  his  parents  in  1807;  completed  prepara- 
tory studies;  held  several  local  offices;  was  a 
member  of  the  state  assembly  1859-1861;  elected 
as  a  Republican  to  the  Thirty-seventh  Congress 
(March  4,  1861-March  3,  1863);  died  in  Seneca 
Falls,  N.  Y.,  October  5,  1878. 

Chamberlain,  John  Curtis,  a  Representative 
from  New  Hampshire;  born  in  Worcester,  Mass., 
June  5,  1772;  was  graduated  from  Harvard  college 
in  1793;  studied  law,  and  commenced  practice  in 
Alstead,  N.  H.;  elected  as  a  Federalist  to  the  Elev- 
enth Congress  (March  4,  1809-March  3,  1811);  died 
in  Utica,  N.  Y.,  December  8,  1834. 

Chamberlain,  William.,  a  Representative  from 
Vermont;  born  in  Hopkinton,  Mass.,  April  27, 
1755;  moved  with  his  father  to  London,  N.  H., 
in  1774;  participated  in  the  War  of  the  Revolution 
stationed,  as  a  sergeant,  at  Winter  Hill  during  the 
siege  of  Boston  and  participated  in  the  invasion  of 
Canada  and  the  battles  of  Trenton,  N.  J.,  and 
Bennington,  Vt. ;  clerk  of  the  Proprietors  of  Peach- 
ham,  Vt.,  in  1780;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to 
the  bar,  and  practiced;  member  of  the  state  legis- 
lature in  1785, 1787-1796, 1805,  and  1808;  member 
of  the  convention  to  accept  the  U.  S.  Constitution 
in  1791;  brigadier  general  of  state  militia  in  1794; 
major-general  in  1799;  state  councilor  1796-1803; 
presidential  elector  in  1800;  chief  justice  of  Cale- 
donia County,  1796-1803,  and  1814;  elected  as  a 
Federalist  to  the  Eighth  Congress  (March  4,  1803- 
March3, 1805),  reelected  to  the  Eleventh  Congress 
(March  4,  1809-March  3,  1811);  lieutenant  governor 
of  Vermont  1813-1815;  died  in  Peacham,  Vt.,  Sep- 
tember 27,  1828. 

Chambers,  David,  a  Representative  from  Ohio; 
born  in  Allentown,  Pa.,  March  17,  1780;  in  the 
whisky  insurrection  was  a  confidential  express  rider 
for  President  Washington ;  learned  the  art  of  print- 
ing; moved  to  Zanesville,  Ohio,  where  he  estab- 
lished a  newspaper  and  was  elected  state  printer; 
secretary  of  the  senate  of  Ohio;  volunteer  aid -de- 
camp to  Gen.  Cass  in  the  War  of  1812;  served  as 
recorder  and  mayor  of  Zanesville;  elected  to  the 
Seventeenth  Congress  (March4, 1821-March  3, 1823) ; 
member  of  the  state  house  of  representatives  for 
several  terms  and  seryed  as  speaker  in  1844;  dele- 
gate to  the  state  constitutional  convention  of  1851 ; 
died  in  Zanesville,  Ohio,  August  8,  1864. 


Chambers,  Ezekiel  Forman,  a  Senator  from 
Maryland;  born  in  Kent  county,  Md.,  February  28, 
1788;  was  graduated  from  Washington  college  in 
1805;  studied  law,  and  in  1808  commenced  practice; 
served  in  the  War  of  1812,  attaining  rank  of  brigadier 
general;  in  1822  member  of  tbe  state  senate;  elected 
as  a  Whig,  United  States  Senator  to  fill  vacancy 
caused  by  the  resignation  of  Edward  Lloyd;  re- 
elected,  and  served  from  January  24,  1826,  until 
1834,  when  he  resigned;  in  1834  appointed  presid- 
ing judge  of  the  second  judicial  circuit  of  Mary- 
land, and  judge  of  the  court  of  appeals,  which 
positions  he  he^d  until  1851 ;  was  offered  the  posi- 
tion of  Secretary  of  the  Navy  by  President  Fill- 
more  in  1852,  but  declined;  was  defeated  as  the 
Democratic  candidate  for  governor  in  1864;  died  in 
Chestertown,  Md.,  January  30,  1867. 

Chambers,  George,  a  Representative  from 
Pennsylvania;  born  in  Chambersburg,  Pa.,  Feb- 
ruary 24,  1786;  was  graduated  from  Princeton  col- 
lege in  1804;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar 
in  1807,  and  commenced  practice  in  Chambersburg; 
elected  as  a  Whig  to  the  Twenty-third  and  Twenty- 
fourth  Congresses  (March  4,  1833-Maroh  3,  1837); 
member  of  the  state  constitutional  convention  in 
1837;  appointed  a  justice  of  the  supreme  court  of 
Pennsylvania  April  12,  1851,  which  position  he 
held  until  it  was  vacated  by  constitutional  provi- 
sions; died  in  Chambersburg,  Pa.,  March  25,  1866. 

Chambers,  Henry,  a  Senator  from  Alabama; 
born  in  Lunenburg  county,  Va.,  in  1785;  at- 
tended William  and  Mary  college,  and  was  gradu- 
ated from  the  University  of  Pennsylvania,  medi- 
cal department,  in  1811;  practiced  his  profes- 
sion in  Madison,  Ala.;  served  during  the  earlier 
Indian  wars  on  the  staff  of  General  Jackson;  mem- 
ber of  the  state  constitutional  convention  of  1819; 
elected  a  United  States  Senator,  and  served  from 
March  4,  1825,  until  his  death  in  Mecklenburg 
county,  N.  C.,  January  25,  1826. 

Chambers,  John,  a  Representative  from  Ken- 
tucky; born  in  New  Jersey  December  4,  1779;  at- 
tended the  public  schools;  moved  with  his  father 
to  Kentucky  in  1792 ;  studied  law  and  in  1800  was 
admitted  to  the  bar;  served  as  aid  de  camp  to  Gen. 
Harrison  in  the  War  of  1812,  and  was  at  the  battle 
of  the  Thames;  elected  as  a  Whig  to  the  Twentieth 
Congress  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of 
Thomas  Metcalfe  and  served  from  December  1, 
1828,  to  March  3,  1829;  reelected  to  the  Twenty- 
fourth  and  Twenty-fifth  Congresses  (March  4, 1835- 
March  3,  1839);  governor  of  the  Territory  of  Iowa 
1841-1846;  commissioner  to  negotiate  a  treaty  with 
the  Sioux  Indians  in  1849;  died  near  Paris,  Ky., 
September  21,  1852. 

Champion,  Epaphroditus,  a  Representative 
from  Connecticut;  born  in  East  Haddam,  Conn., 
February  1,  1752;  attended  the  common  schools; 
elected  as  a  Federalist  to  the  Tenth,  Eleventh, 
Twelfth,  Thirteenth,  and  Fourteenth  Congresses 
(March  4,  1807-March  3,  1817);  died  in  East  Had- 
dam, Conn.,  November  22,  1834. 

Champlin,  Christopher  Grant,  a  Representa- 
tive and  a  Senator  from  Rhode  Island;  born  in 
Newport,  R.  I.,  April  12, 1768;  was  graduated  from 
Harvard  college  in  1786,  and  continued  his  studies 
at  the  College  of  St.  Omer  in  France;  elected  to  the 
Fifth  and  Sixth  Congresses  (March  4,  1797-March 
3,  1801);  elected  a  United  States  Senator,  to  fill 
vacancy  caused  by  the  death  of  Francis  Malbone, 
and  served  from  June  26,  1809,  to  October  2,  1811, 


BIOGKAPHIES. 


539 


when  he  resigned;  president  of  the  Rhode  Island 
Bank  for  many  years  until  his  death,  in  Newport, 
R.  I.,  March  18,  1840. 

Chandler,  John,  a  Representative  from  Mas- 
sachusetts and  a  Senator  from  Maine;  born  in 
Epping,  N.  H.,  February  1,  1762;  took  part  in  the 
Revolutionary  War;  commissioned  brigadier  gen- 
eral July  8,  1812;  honorably  discharged  June  15, 
1815;  moved  to  the  Maine  district  of  Massachusetts 
and  settled  on  a  farm  at  Monmouth;  member  of  the 
state  senate  1803  to  1805;  elected  to  the  Ninth  and 
Tenth  Congresses  (March  4,  1805-March  3,  1809); 
member  of  the  Maine  constitutional  convention 
of  1819-1820;  elected  United  States  Senator  from 
Maine  on  the  admission  of  that  state;  reelected, 
and  served  from  June  14,  1820,  to  March  3,  1829; 
collector  of  customs  at  Portland  1829-1837;  died 
in  Augusta,  Me.,  September  25,  1841. 

Chandler,  Joseph  Ripley,  a  Representative 
from  Pennsylvania;  born  in  Kingston,  Mass., 
August  25,  1792;  attended  the  common  schools  and 
the  University  of  Pennsylvania;  engaged  as  a  clerk 
in  Boston;  taught  school  and  in  1815  moved  to 
Philadelphia,  Pa.;  editor  of  the  United  States 
Gazette;  held  local  offices  and  was  a  member  of  the 
state  constitutional  convention  of  1836;  elected  as 
a  Whig  to  the  Thirty-first,  Thirty-second,  and 
Thirty-third  Congressea  (March  4,  1849-March  3, 
1855);  appointed  by  President  Buchanan  minister 
to  the  Two  Sicilies,  served  from  June  15,  1858,  to 
November  15,  1860;  editor  of  the  Philadelphia 
North  American;  died  in  Philadelphia,  Pa.,  July 
10,  1880. 

Chandler,  Thomas,  a  Representative  from  New 
Hampshire;  born  in  Bedford,  N.  H.,  August  10, 
1772;  attended  the  public  schools;  justice  of  the 
peace  in  1808;  captain  of  militia  in  1815;  member 
of  the  state  legislature  in  1818,  and  again  in  1827; 
elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Twenty-first  and 
Twenty-second  Congresses  (March  4,  1829-March 
3, 1833);  died  in  Bedford,  N.  H.,  January  28,  1866. 

Chandler,  William.  Eaton,  a  Senator  from  New 
Hampshire;  born  in  Concord,  N.  H.,  December  28, 
1835;  attended  the  common  schools,  the  academy 
in  Thetford,  Vt.,  and  Pembroke,  N.  H.;  studied 
law,  and  was  graduated  from  Harvard  law  school  in 
1854,  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1855;  ap- 
pointed reporter  of  the  decisions  of  the  supreme 
court  of  New  Hampshire  in  1859;  member  state 
house  of  representatives  in  1862,  1863-1864,  served 
as  speaker  during  the  last  two  years;  became 
Solicitor  and  Judge  Advocate  General  of  the  Navy 
department  March  9,  1865;  appointed  First  Assist- 
ant Secretary  of  the  Treasury  June  17,  1865;  re- 
signed November  30,  1867;  member  of  the  New 
Hampshire  constitutional  convention  of  1876; 
again  a  member  of  the  state  house  of  representa- 
tives in  1881;  appointed  by  President  Arthur  Sec- 
retary of  the  Navy  April  12,  1882,  and  served  until 
March  7,  1885;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the 
United  States  Senate  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  the 
death  of  Austin  F.  Pike,  and  served  from  June 
14,  1887,  until  March  3,  1889;  reelected  June  18, 
1889,  and  again  January  16,  1895,  and  served  until 
March  3,  1901;  appointed  in  1901  by  President 
McKinley  president  of  the  Spanish  Claims  Com- 
mission;  resigned  in  1908,  and  resumed  the  practice 
of  law  in  Concord,  N.  H.,  and  Washington,  D.  C. 

Chandler,  Zachariah,  a  Senator  from  Michigan; 
born  in  Bedford,  N.  H.,  December  10,  1813; 
attended  the  common  schools,  and  taught  school ; 


moved  to  Detroit,  Mich.,  in  December,  1833,  and 
engaged  in  business;  mayor  of  Detroit  in  1851;  de- 
feated as  the  Whig  candidate  for  governor  in  1852; 
was  prominent  in  the  organization  of  the  Republi- 
can party  in  1854;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the 
United  States  Senate  to  succeed  Lewis  Cass,  in  1857 ; 
reelected  in  1863,  and  in  1869,  and  served  from 
March  4,  1857,  to  March  3,  1875;  appointed  Secre- 
tary of  the  Interior  by  President  Grant,  and  served 
from  October  19,  1875,  to  March  3,  1877;  chairman 
of  the  Republican  national  executive  committee  in 
1868,  and  1876;  reelected  to  the  United  States  Sen- 
ate, and  served  from  February  19,  1879,  until  his 
death  in  Chicago,  111.,  November  1,  1879. 

Chaney,  John,  a  Representative  from  Ohio; 
born  in  Washington  county,  Md.,  January  12,  1790; 
attended  the  common  schools;  moved  to  Ohio; 
Jackson  presidential  elector  in  1832;  elected  as  a 
Jackson  Democrat  to  the  Twenty -third,  Twenty- 
fourth,  and  Twenty-fifth  Congresses  (March  4, 1833- 
March  3,  1839);  returned  to  Canal  Winchester, 
Ohio;  member  of  the  village  council;  died  in 
Canal  Winchester,  Ohio,  April  10,  1881. 

Chaney,  John  Crawford,  a  Representative 
from  Indiana;  born  near  New  Lisbon,  Columbiana 
county,  Ohio,  February  1,  1854;  in  1854  his 
parents  moved  to  Lafayette  township,  Allen 
county,  Ind.,  where  he  attended  a  common 
school;  was  graduated  from  Ascension  seminary, 
Sullivan  county,  Ind.,  in  1874,  and  later  from 
the  Terre  Haute  commercial  college;  in  June, 
1882,  was  graduated  from  the  law  school  of  Cin- 
cinnati university;  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1883 
and  practiced  in  Sullivan;  in  July,  1889,  was  ap- 
pointed by  President  Harrison  one  of  the  Attorney 
General's  assistants  in  the  Department  of  Justice, 
which  position  he  filled  until  August,  1893,  when 
he  resigned  and  resumed  the  practice  of  law;  mem- 
ber of  the  state  central  committee  from  the  second 
district  1884-1885,  and  in  1888  was  presidential 
elector  on  the  Harrison  ticket;  elected  as  a  Repub- 
lican to  the  Fifty-ninth  and  Sixtieth  Congresses 
(March  4,  1905-March  3,  1909);  resumed  the 
practice  of  law  in  Washington,  D.  C. 

Chanler,  John  Winthrop,  a  Representative 
from  New  York;  born  in  New  York  City  September 
19,  1826;  was  graduated  from  Columbia  college  in 
1847;  attended  the  university  of  Heidelberg,  Ger- 
many; studied  law  and  practiced;  member  of  the 
New  York  state  assembly  from  the  tenth  district  of 
New  York  City  for  1858-1859;  elected  as  a  Demo- 
crat to  the  Thirty-eighth,  Thirty-ninth,  and 
Fortieth  Congresses  (March  4,  1863-March  3,  1869); 
died  near  Rhinebeck,  N.  Y.,  October  19,  1877. 

Chanler,  William  Astor,  a  Representative 
from  New  York;  born  in  Newport,  R.  I.,  June  11, 
1867;  attended  St.  John's  school,  Sing  Sing;  Phil- 
lips academy,  Exeter,  N.  H.,  and  Harvard  uni- 
versity; elected  to  the  assembly  in  the  New  York 
state  legislature  in  1897;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to 
the  Fifty-sixth  Congress  (March  4,  1899-March  3, 
1901);  a  retired  resident  of  Great  Neck,  Long 
Island,  N.  Y. 

Chapin,  Alfred  Clark,  a  Representative  from 
New  York;  born  in  South  Hadley,  Mass.,  March  8, 
1848;  resided  in  Springfield,  Mass.,  in  Keene,  N.  H., 
and  in  Rutland,  Vt.;  attended  public  and  private 
schools  and  was  graduated  from  Williams  college 
in  1869  and  Harvard  law  school  in  1871;  moved  to 
New  York  in  1871;  member  of  the  New  York 
assembly  in  1882-1883,  speaker  in  the  latter  year; 


540 


CONGBESSIONAL  DIEECTOEY. 


elected  state  comptroller  in  1883  and  1885;  elected 
mayor  of  Brooklyn  in  1887  and  1889;  elected  as  a 
Democrat  to  the  Fifty -second  Congress,  and  served 
from  March  4,  1891,  to  November  16,  1892,  when  he 
resigned;  appointed  railroad  commissioner  of  New 
York  State  in  1892. 

Chapin,  Chester  Williams,  a  Representative 
from  Massachusetts;  born  in  Ludlow,  Mass.,  De- 
cember 16, 1798;  attended  the  common  schools,  and 
Westfield  academy;  engaged  in  business  for  five 
years;  mail  contractor,  running  post  coaches  and 
steamboats;  member  of  the  constitutional  conven- 
tion of  Massachusetts  in  1853 ;  president  of  the  Bos- 
ton &  Albany  railroad  company;  elected  as  a  Demo- 
crat to  the  Forty-fourth  Congress  (March  4,  1875- 
March  3,  1877);  died  in  Springfield,  Mass.,  June  10, 
1883. 

Chapin,  Graham  Hurd,  a  Representative  from 
New  York;  born  in  Salisbury,  Conn.,  February  10, 
1799;  moved  to  Lyons,  Wayne  county,  in  1817; 
was  graduated  from  Yale  college  in  1819;  surrogate 
1826-1833;  district  attorney  1829-1830;  moved  to 
Rochester,  N.  Y.,  in  1833;  elected  as  a  Democrat 
to  the  Twenty-fourth  Congress  (March  4,  1835- 
March  3,  1839);  died  in  Mount  Morris,  N.  Y.,  Sep- 
tember 8,  1843. 

Chapman,  Andrsw  Grant,  a  Representative 
from  Maryland;  born  in  La  Plata,  Charles  county, 
Md.,  January  17,  1839;  attended  Charlotte  Hall 
academy  and  the  University  of  Virginia;  was 
graduated  from  St.  Johns  college,  Annapolis,  in 
1858;  returned  to  the  University  of  Virginia,  and 
remained  two  years  in  the  law  department;  went 
to  Baltimore  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1860; 
commenced  practice  in  Port  Tobacco  in  1864;  mem- 
ber of  the  state  house  of  delegates  in  1868,  1870, 
and  1872;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Forty- 
seventh  Congress  (March  4,  1881-March  3,  1883); 
reelected  to  the  state  house  of  delegates  in  1885; 
deputy  collector  of  internal  revenue  1887;  collector 
in  1888;  died  near  La  Plata,  Md.,  September  25, 
1892. 

Chapman,  Augustus  A.,  a  Representative 
from  Virginia;  born  in  Virginia  in  1806;  studied 
law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  practiced  in 
Union,  W.  Va.;  elected  as  a  Van  Buren  Democrat 
to  the  Twenty-eighth  and  Twenty-ninth  Con- 
gresses (March  4,  1843-March  3,  1847);  died  in 
Hinton,  W.  Va.,  in  June,  1876. 

Chapman,  Bird  B.?  a  Delegate  from  the  Terri- 
tory of  Nebraska;  born  in  Connecticut  and  attended 
the  public  schools;  moved  to  Omaha,  Nebr.  Ter.; 
elected  Delegate  to  the  Thirty-fourth  Congress 
(March  4, 1855-March  3, 1857);  died  on  Put-in-Bay 
Island,  Lake  Erie,  September  12,  1871. 

Chapman,  Charles,  a  Representative  from  Con- 
necticut: born  in  Newtown,  Conn.,  June  2'1,  1799; 
studied  law  at  the  Litchfield  law  school;  was  ad- 
mitted to  the  bar  in  1820,  and  in  1827  commenced 
practice  in  New  Haven;  moved  to  Hartford  in  1832 
and  became  editor  of  the  New  England  Review; 
elected  to  the  state  legislature  as  a  Whig  three 
terms;  United  States  district  attorney  1841-1848; 
elected  as  a  Whig  to  the  Thirty-second  Congress 
(March  4,  1851-March  3,  1853);  elected  to  the  state 
legislature  as  a  Democrat  and  served  three  terms; 
died  in  Hartford,  Conn.,  August  7,  1869. 

Chapman,  Henry,  a  Representative  from  Penn- 
sylvania; born  in  Newton,  Pa.,  February  4,  1804; 
studied  law,  admitted  to  the  bar  April  25,  1825,  and 


practiced  in  Doylestown;  elected  a  state  senator  in 
1843,  and  two  years  afterwards  appointed  judge  of 
the  fifteenth  judicial  district  and  served  four  years; 
elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Thirty-fifth  Congress 
(March  4,  1857-March  3,  1859);  judge  of  the  Bucks 
county  court  in  1861  and  retired  in  1871;  died  near 
Doylestown,  Pa.,  April  11,  1891. 

Chapman,  John,  a  Representative  from  Penn- 
sylvania; born  in  that  state;  elected  to  the  Fifth 
Congress  (March  4,  1797-March  3,  1799). 

Chapman,  John  Grant,  a  Representative  from 
Maryland;  born  in  Charles  county,  Md.,  July  5, 
1798;  attended  Yale  college;  studied  law,  and  in 
1820  commenced  practice;  member  of  the  state 
house  of  representatives  of  Maryland  1824-1839, 
1843-4,  and  of  the  state  senate  in  1840;  speaker  of 
the  house  and  president  of  the  senate;  elected  as  a 
Whig  to  the  Twenty-ninth  and  Thirtieth  Congresses 
(March  4,  1845-March  3,  1849);  president  of  the 
constitutional  convention  of  Maryland  in  1851; 
president  of  the  Whig  national  convention  in  Balti- 
more in  1856;  died  in  Port  Tobacco,  Md.,  Decem- 
ber 10,  1856. 

Chapman,  Pleasant  Thomas,  a  Representa- 
tive from  Illinois;  born  in  Johnson  county,  Ind., 
October  8,  1854;  attended  the  public  schools;  was 
graduated  from  McKendree  college  at  Lebanon. 
111.,  in  June,  1876;  engaged  in  banking  and  farm- 
ing; admitted  to  the  bar  in  Mount  Vernon,  111., 
June,  1878;  elected  superintendent  of  public 
schools  in  Johnson  county  in  1877,  and  served  five 
years;  elected  county  judge  in  1882,  and  reelected 
in  1886;  elected  state  senator  in  1890,  1894,  and 
1898;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Fifty-ninth, 
Sixtieth,  and  Sixty-first  Congresses  (March "4, 1905- 
March  3,  1911);  resumed  the  practice  of  law,  and 
banking  in  Vienna,  111. 

Chapman,  Reuben,  a  Representative  from  Ala- 
bama; born  in  Caroline  county,  Va.,  July  15,  1799; 
attended  an  academy;  studied  law,  was  admitted 
to  the  bar,  and  practiced  in  Somerville,  Ala.;  mem- 
ber of  state  senate  1832-1835;  elected  as  a  Democrat 
to  the  Twenty-fourth,  Twenty-fifth,  Twenty-sixth, 
Twenty-seventh,  Twenty-eighth,  and  Twenty- 
ninth  Congresses  (March  4,  1835-March  3,  1847); 
governor  of  Alabama  1847-1849;  died  in  Hunts  ville, 
Ala.,  May  16,  1882. 

Chapman,  William  W.,  a  Delegate  from  the 
Territory  of  Iowa;  one  of  the  first  settlers  in  Bur- 
lington, Territory  of  Iowa;  elected  the  first  Dele- 
gate from  the  Territory  to  the  Twenty-fifth  Con- 
gress; reelected  to  the  Twenty-sixth  Congress,  and 
served  from  March  4,  1837,  to  March  3,  1841. 

Chappell,  Absalom  Harris,  a  Representative 
from  Georgia;  born  in  Hancock  county,  Ga.,  De- 
cember 18,  1801;  educated  at  Mount  Zion,  under 
Dr.  Beaman,  and  upon  graduating  went  to  New 
York;  was  graduated  from  the  law  department  of 
the  University  of  Georgia;  studied  law,  was  ad- 
mitted to  the  bar,  and  practiced  in  Macon,  Ga.; 
elected  as  a  States'  Rights  Whig  to  the  Twenty- 
eighth  Congress  (March  4,  1843-March  3, 1845),  to 
fill  vacancy  caused  by  the  resignation  of  John  G. 
Lamar  before  the  beginning  of  the  Congress;  re- 
sumed the  practice  of  law  in  Columbus,  Ga.,  from 
1858  to  1878;  was  a  delegate  in  the  Georgia  con- 
stitutional convention  of  1877;  died  in  Columbus, 
Ga.,  December  11,  1878. 

Chappell,  John  Joel,  a  Representative  from 
South  Carolina;  born  on  Little  River,  in  Fairfteld 


BIOGRAPHIES. 


541 


district,  S.  C.,  January  19,  1782;  moved  with  his 
parents  to  Richland  district;  studied  law,  and  in 
1805  commenced  practice  in  Columbia;  colonel  dur- 
ing the  War  of  1812;  elected  as  a  States  Rights  War 
Democrat  to  the  Thirteenth  and  Fourteenth  Con- 
gresses (March  4, 1813-March  3, 1817);  resumed  the 
practice  of  law  until  1849;  director  of  the  Columbia 
branch  of  the  State  Bank  of  South  Carolina  1830- 
1858;  removed  to  Alabama  and  became  a  cotton 
planter;  died  in  Lowndes  county,  Ala.,  May  23, 
1871. 

Charlton,  Robert  Milledge,  a  Senator  from 
Georgia;  bom  in  Savannah,  Ga.,  January  19, 
1807;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and 
practiced  in  Savannah;  member  of  the  state  house 
of  representatives;  elected  United  States  district 
attorney;  elected  a  judge  of  the  superior  court  in 
1835;  resigned  to  devote  himself  to  Ms  profession; 
appointed  a  United  States  Senator,  to  fill  vacancy 
caused  by  the  resignation  of  J.  Macpherson  Ber- 
rien,  and  served  from  May  31,  1852,  to  March  3, 
1853;  mayor  of  Savannah;  died  in  Savannah.  Ga., 
January  18,  1854. 

Chase,  Dudley,  a  Senator  from  Vermont;  born 
in  Cornish.  N.  H.,  December  30,  1771;  was  gradu- 
ated from  Dartmouth  college  in  1791;  studied  law, 
was  admitted  ito  the  bar  in  1793,  and  practiced  in 
Randolph,  Vt.;  state  attorney  for  Orange  county 
1803-1811;  delegate  to  the  state  constitutional  con- 
ventions of  1814  and  of  1822;  for  several  years  a 
member  of  the  state  house  of  representatives,  and 
speaker  1813-1817;  elected  a  United  States  Senator, 
and  served  from  March  4,  1813,  to  November  3, 
1817,  when  he  resigned;  chief  justice  of  the  supreme 
court  of  Vermont  1817-1821;  again  a  member  of  the 
state  legislature  1823-1824;  reelected  a  United 
States  Senator,  and  served  from  March  4,  1825,  to 
March  3,  1831;  died  in  Randolph,  Vt.,  February  23, 
1846. 

Chase,  George  William,  a  Representative 
from  New  York;  born  in  the  town  of  Maryland, 
N.  Y.;  attended  the  common  schools;  elected  as  a 
Whig  to  the  Thirty-third  Congress  (March  4,  1853- 
March  3, 1855) ;  died  in  Chaseville,  Maryland  town- 
ship, N.  Y.,  April  17,  1867. 

Chase,  Jeremiah  Townley,  a  Delegate  from 
Maryland;  born  in  Baltimore,  Md.,  in  1748;  was  a 
member  of  the  committees  of  observation  and  corre- 
spondence in  1774;  delegate  in  the  Maryland  con- 
vention of  1776;  moved  to  Annapolis  in  1779; 
mayor  of  Annapolis  1783;  sat  in  the  Continental 
Congress  1783-1784;  member  of  the  governor's 
council  1780-1784,  and  1786-1788;  an  Anti-Federal- 
ist member  of  the  convention  of  ratification  in  1788; 
judge  of  the  general  court  in  1789,  and  chief  justice 
of  the  court  of  appeals  until  his  resignation  in  1824; 
died  in  Annapolis,  Md.,  in  1828. 

Chase,  Lucien  B.,  a  Representative  from  Ten- 
nessee; born  in  Vermont  August  9,  1817;  moved  to 
Clarksville,  Tenn.;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the 
Twenty-ninth  and  Thirtieth  Congresses  (March  4, 
1845-March  3,  1849);  died  in  Clarksville,  Tenn., 
December  14,  1864. 

Chase,  Salmon  Portland,  a  Senator  from  Ohio; 
born  in  Cornish,  N.  H.,  January  13,  1808;  student 
in  the  Cincinnati  college,  Ohio;  was  graduated 
from  Dartmouth  college  in  1826 ;  taught  school  and 
studied  law  in  Washington,  D.  C.,  and  in  1829  was 
admitted  to  the  bar;  commenced  practice  in  Cin- 
cinnati, Ohio,  in  1830;  elected  as  a  Whig  to  the 


Cincinnati  city  council  in  1840;  identified  himself 
in  1841  with  the  Liberty  Party,  and  was  a  partici- 
pant in  its  national  conventions  in  Buffalo  in  1843 
and  in  Cincinnati  in  1847;  in  1848  member  of  the 
Free  Soil  national  convention  in  Buffalo,  which 
nominated  Van  Buren;  elected  to  the  United  States 
Senate,  and  served  from  March  4, 1849,  to  March  3, 
1855;  elected  governor  of  Ohio  in  1855  as  a  Free  Soil 
Democrat  and  reelected  in  1857  as  a  Republican; 
member  of  the  national  peace  convention  in  1868; 
elected  to  the  United  States  Senate  in  1860;  took 
his  seat  March  4,  1861,  but  resigned  the  next  day 
to  become  Secretary  of  the  Treasury  under  Presi- 
dent Lincoln,  which  position  he  held  until  July  1, 
1864,  when  he  resigned;  appointed  Chief  Justice  of 
the  Supreme  Court  December  6,  1864;  presided  at 
the  impeachment  trial  of  President  Johnson,  in 
1868;  died  in  New  York  City,  May  7,  1873. 

Chase,  Samuel,  a  Delegate  from  Maryland 
born  in  Somerset  county,  Md.,  April  17,  1741; 
studied  law  and  practiced  in  Annapolis;  member 
of  the  general  assembly  of  Maryland,  1764-1784; 
sat  in  the  Continental  Congress,  1774,  and  reelected 
in  1776 ;  sent  on  a  special  mission  to  Canada  in  1774, 
to  induce  the  Canadians  to  join  in  the  revolution 
against  Great  Britain;  signer  of  the  Declaration  of 
Independence;  went  to  England  in  1783,  as  agent 
for  the  state  of  Maryland,  to  recover  the  stock  in 
the  Bank  of  England  which  the  state  had  pur- 
chased when  a  British  colony;  removed  to  Balti- 
more in  1786;  judge  of  the  Baltimore  criminal 
court  in  1788;  appointed  judge  of  the  general 
court  of  Maryland  in  1791,  and  appointed,  in  1796, 
by  President  Washington,  an  associate  justice  of 
the  United  States  Supreme  Court;  impeached  in 
1804  on  charges  of  malfeasance  in  office  five  years 
previous,  in  the  conduct  of  the  trials  of  Fries  and 
Callendar  for  sedition,  and  for  a  more  recent  ad- 
dress to  a  Maryland  grand  jury;  tried  by  the 
Senate  in  1805,  and  acquitted  of  all  the  charges 
March  5,  1805;  resumed  his  seat  upon  the  bench, 
and  retained  it  until  his  death  in  Washington, 
D.  C.,  June  19,  1811. 

Chase,  Samuel,  a  Representative  from  New 
York;  born  in  Cooperstown,  N.  Y. ;  district  attor- 
ney of  Otsego  county  1821-1829;  elected  as  an 
Adams  Democrat  to  the  Twentieth  Congress  (March 
4,  1827-March  3,  1829). 

Chastain,  Elijah.  Webb,  a  Representative  from 
Georgia;  born  in  Pickens  county,  S.  C.,  September 
25,  1813;  moved  with  parents  to  Habersham,  Ga., 
in  1821,  where  he  attended  the  common  schools; 
was  a  captain  and  a  colonel  in  the  Seminole 
Indian  war;  located  on  a  farm  in  Union  county; 
read  law  in  Ellijay,  Ga.,  was  admitted  to  the  bar 
and  practiced;  served  two  terms  in  the  state 
house  of  representatives  and  one  term  in  the  state 
senate;  elected  as  a  Union  Democrat  to  the  Thirty- 
second  and  Thirty-third  Congresses  (March  4, 
1851-March  3,  1855);  participated  in  the  Civil  War 
as  a  colonel  of  Confederate  troops;  died  in  Murray 
county,  Ga.,  April  9,  1874. 

Chaves,  Jose  Francisco,  a  Delegate  from  the 
Territory  of  N  e w  Mexico ;  born  in  Padillas,  N .  Mex. , 
June  27,  1833 ; attended  schools  in  St.  Louis,  Mo.; 
studied  medicine  at  the  New  York  college  of  phy- 
sicians and  surgeons ;  engaged  in  business  in  the 
Territory  of  New  Mexico;  major  of  the  first  New 
Mexico  infantry  in  the  Union  army;  president  of 
the  council  of  the  legislative  assembly  of  the  Ter- 
ritory for  seven  sessions;  promoted  to  the  rank  of 
lieutenant  colonel;  elected  as  a  Republican  a  Dele- 


542 


CONGRESSIONAL   DIRECTOEY. 


gate  to  the  Thirty-ninth,  Fortieth,  and  Forty-first 
Congresses  (March  4,  1865-March  3,  1871);  died  in 
Pinos  Wells,  N.  Mex.Ter.,  November  26,  1904. 

Cheadle,  Joseph  Bonaparte,  a  Representative 
from  Indiana;  born  in  Perrysville,  Vermilion 
county,  Ind.,  August  14, 1842;  entered  Asbury  as  a 
student,  but  upon  the  organization  of  the  seventy- 
first  Indiana  volunteers  enlisted  as  a  private  in 
company  K,  and  served  until  the  close  of  the  war; 
returned  home,  and  entered  upon  the  study  of  law, 
and  was  graduated  from  Indianapolis  law  college 
in  1867;  began  practice  in  Newport,  Ind.,  and  con- 
tinued until  November,  1873,  when  he  entered 
upon  newspaper  work;  elected  as  a  Republican 
to  the  Fiftieth  and  Fifty-first  Congresses  (March  4, 
1887-March  3,  1891);  died  in  Frankfort,  Ind.,  May 
28,  1904. 

Cheatham,  Henry  Plummer,  a  Representa- 
tive from  North  Carolina;  born  in  Granville,  N.  C., 
December  27,  1857;  attended  public  and  private 
schools;  was  graduated  from  Shaw  university  in 
1882;  elected  register  of  deeds  of  Vance  county; 
read  law;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Fifty- 
first  and  Fifty-second  Congresses  (March  4,  1889- 
March  3,  1893);  recorder  of  deeds  for  the  District 
of  Columbia  in  Washington,  D.  C.;  moved  to 
Oxford,  N.  C.,  and  became  supreintendent  of 
the  orphan  asylum  for  colored  children. 

Cheatham,  Richard,  a  Representative  from 
Tennessee;  born  in  Springfield,  Tenn.,  February 
20,1799;  pursued  preparatory  studies;  member  of 
the  state  legislature  1825-1833;  member  of  the  state 
constitutional  convention  of  1834;  elected  as  a 
Whig  to  the  Twenty-fifth  Congress  (March  4, 
1837-March  3,  1839);  again  elected  to  the  state  leg- 
islature;-died  in  Springfield,  Tenn.,  September 
9,  1845. 

Cheney,  Person  Colby,  a  Senator  from  New 
Hampshire;  born  in  Holderness  (now  Ashland), 
N.  H.,  February  25,  1828;  attended  the  common 
schools;  engaged  in  the  manufacture  of  paper; 
member  of  the  New  Hampshire  legislature  1853; 
quartermaster  of  the  thirteenth  regiment,  but  was 
forced  to  resign  on  account  of  ill  health;  state 
railroad  commissioner  1864—1867;  moved  to  Man- 
chester in  1867;  elected  mayor  in  1871;  governor 
of  New  Hampshire  1875-1876  and  1876-1877;  ap- 
pointed as  a  Republican  United  States  Senator,  to 
fill  the  vacancy  caused  by  the  death  of  Austin  F. 
Pike,  and  served  from  November  24,  1886,  to 
June  14, 1887;  died  in  Dover,  N.  H.,  June  19, 1901. 

Chesnut,  James,  jr.,  a  Senator  from  South 
Carolina;  born  near  Camden,  S.  C.,  January  18, 
1815;  was  graduated  from  Princeton  college; 
member  of  the  state  house  of  representatives 
1842-1852,  and  of  the  state  senate  1854-1858;  was  a 
member  of  the  Nashville  convention  of  1850; 
elected  as  a  States  Right  Democrat  to  the  United 
States  Senate  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  the  death 
of  Josiah  J.  Evans,  and  served  from  December  3, 
1858,  until  he  retired  in  anticipation  of  the  se- 
cession of  South  Carolina,  November  10,  1860; 
formally  expelled  July  11,  1861;  delegate  from 
South  Carolina  in  the  Confederate  Provisional 
congress  in  1861;  colonel  in  the  Confederate  army, 
and  aid-de-camp  on  the  staff  of  Jefferson  Davis 
in  1861;  appointed  brigadier  general  in  1864,  and 
assigned  to  the  command  of  a  brigade  on  the  coast 
of  South  Carolina;  member  of  the  Democratic 
national  convention  of  1868,  which  nominated 
Seymour  and  Blair;  died  in  Camden,  S.  C.,  Feb- 
ruary 1,  1885. 


Chetwood,  William,  a  Representative  from 
New  Jersey;  born  in  Elizabeth  town,  N.  J.,  June 
17,  1771;  was  graduated  from  Princeton  college  in 
1792;  studied  law  and  practiced;  member  of  the 
state  council  of  New  Jersey;  was  a  major  of  militia 
in  the  Whisky  Rebellion  of  1794;  elected  to  the 
Twenty-fourth  Congress,  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by 
the  resignation  of  Philemon  Dickerson,  and  served 
from  December  5,  1836,  to  March  3,  1837;  resumed 
the  practice  of  law;  died  in  Elizabethtown,  N  J 
December  16,  1857. 

Cheves,  Langdon,  a  Representative  from  South 
Carolina;  born  on  Rocky  River,  Abbeville  district, 
S.  C.,  September  17,  1776;  moved  with  his  father 
to  Charleston  in  1786;  studied  law,  and  in  1797  ad- 
mitted to  the  bar;  commenced  practice  in  Charles- 
ton; member  of  the  general  assembly  in  1808  and 
state  attorney  general  the  same  year;  elected  to  the 
Eleventh  Congress,  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resig- 
nation of  Robert  Marion;  reelected  to  the  Twelfth 
and  Thirteenth  Congresses,  and  served  from  January 
24,  1811,  to  March  3,  1815;  was  Speaker  during  the 
second  session;  resumed  the  practice  of  law;  elected 
law  judge  in  December,  1816;  elected  president  of 
the  Bank  of  the  United  States  March  6,  1819;  chief 
commissioner  of  claims  under  the  treaty  of  Ghent; 
practiced  in  Philadelphia  and  Lancaster,  but  in 
1830  returned  to  South  Carolina,  and  engaged  in 
agricultural  pursuits;  delegate  in  the  Southern  con- 
vention in  Nashville  in  1850,. and  in  the  Southern 
convention  in  Columbia,  in  1852;  died  in  Colum- 
bia, S.  C.,  June  25,  1857. 

Chickering,  Charles  Addison,  a  Representa- 
tive from  New  York;  born  in  Harrisburg,  Lewis 
county,  N.  Y.,  November  26,  1843;  attended  the 
common  schools  and  Lowville  academy;  member 
of  the  assembly  1879  to  1881;  elected  clerk  of  the 
assembly  in  1884  and  reelected  in  1885-1890; 
elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Fifty-third,  Fifty- 
fourth,  Fifty-fifth,  and  Fifty-sixth  Congresses, 
and  served  from  March  4,  1893,  until  his  death  in 
New  York  City,  February  13,  1900. 

Chilcott,  George  Miles,  a  Delegate  from  the  Ter- 
ritory of  Colorado,  and  a  Senator  from  Colorado;  born 
in  Huntingdon  county,  Pa.,  January  2, 1828;  moved 
with  his  parents  to  Jefferson  county,  Iowa,  in 
1844;  studied  medicine  until  1850;  elected  sheriff 
of  Jefferson  county  in  1853;  removed  to  the  Ter- 
ritory of  Nebraska  in  1856,  and  elected  the  same 
year  to  the  Territorial  legislature  as  a  Republican; 
went  to  the  Territory  of  Colorado  in  1859;  member 
of  the  territorial  legislature  1861-1862;  was  admit- 
ted to  the  bar  in  1863,  and  appointed  register  of  the 
United  States  land  office,  and  served  four  years; 
elected  as  a  Republican  a  Delegate  to  the  Fortieth 
Congress  (March  4,  1867-March  3,  1869);  appointed 
to  the  United  States  Senate,  to  fill  vacancy  caused 
by  the  resignation  of  Henry  M.  Teller,  and  served 
from  April  11,  1882,  to  January  27,  1883;  died  in 
St.  Louis,  Mo.,  March  6,  1891;  interment  in  Pueblo, 
Colo. 

Childs,  Robert  Andrew,  a  Representative 
from  Illinois;  born  in  Malone,  Franklin  county,  N. 
Y.,  March  22,  1845;  settled  near  Belvidere,  Boone 
county,  111.,  in  1852;  enlisted  in  Gen.  Stephen  A. 
Hurlbut's  company,  which  subsequently  became 
a  part  of  the  fifteenth  Illinois  infantry  volun- 
teers, and  served  throughout  the  war;  after  his 
discharge  from  the  army,  entered  school,  and 
was  graduated  from  the  Illinois  state  normal  uni- 
versity in  1870;  principal  and  superintendent  of 
the  public  schools  in  Amboy  in  1871,  1872,  and 


BIOGRAPHIES. 


543 


1873;  entered  upon  the  practice  of  law  in  Chicago 
in  July,  1873;  settled  in  Hinsdale,  a  sulmrb  of 
Chicago;  held  various  local  offices;  was  presidential 
elector  in  1884;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the 
Fifty-third  Congress  (March  4,  1893-March  3, 
1895);  resumed  the  practice  of  law  in  Chicago, 
retaining  his  residence  in  Hinsdale,  111. 

Childs,  Thomas,  jr.,  a  Representative  from 
New  York;  elected  to  the  Thirty-fourth  Congress 
(March  4,  1855-March  3,  1857). 

Childs,  Timothy,  a  Representative  from  New 
York;  born  in  Pittsfield,  Mass.,  in  1785;  moved  to 
Rochester,  N.  Y.;  was  graduated  from  Williams 
college  in  1811;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the 
bar  and  practiced  in  Rochester,  N.  Y. ;  district 
attorney  of  Monroe  County  1821-1831;  member  of 
the  state  house  of  representatives  in  1828  and  1833; 
elected  as  a  Whig  to  the  Twenty-first  Congress 
(March  4,  1829-March  3,  1831);  reelected  to  the 
Twenty -fourth  and  Twenty-fifth  Congresses  (March 
4,  1835-March  3,  1839);  again  elected  to  the 
Twenty-seventh  Congress  (March  4,  1841-March 
3,  1843);  died  in  Santa  Cruz,  N.  Mex.  Ter.,  No- 
vember 8, 1847. 

Chilton,  Horace,  a  Senator  from  Texas;  born 
in  Smith  county,  Tex.,  December  29,  1853;  ap- 
prenticed himself  as  a  printer,  and  afterwards  pub- 
lished a  weekly  newspaper;  studied  law,  was  ad- 
mitted to  the  bar,  and  practiced  in  Tyler,  Tex.; 
delegate  at  large  from  Texas  in  the  Democratic 
national  convention  in  St.  Louis  in  1888;  served 
one  term  as  assistant  attorney  general  of  Texas; 
appointed  as  a  Democrat  to  the  United  States  Sen- 
ate, to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  the  resignation  of 
John  H.  Reagan,  and  served  from  June  10, 1891,  to 
March  23,  1892;  reelected  to  the  United  States 
Senate  in  1894,  and  served  from  March  4,  1895,  to 
March  3,  1901;  resumed  the  practice  of  law  in 
Dallas,  Tex. 

Chilton,  Samuel,  a  Representative  from  Vir- 
ginia; born  in  Warrentpn,  Va.,  September  7,  1804; 
studied  law  and  practiced  in  Warrenton;  member 
of  the  state  house  of  representatives  for  several 
terms;  elected  as  a  Whig  to  the  Twenty-eighth 
Congress  (March  4,  ISSSyMarch  3,  1837);  was  a  del- 
egate to  the  state  constitutional  convention;  died 
in  Warrenton,  Va.,  January  14,  1867. 

Chilton,  Thomas,  a  Representative  from  Ken- 
tucky; born  in  Garrard  county,  Ky.,  July  30,  1798; 
attended  the  common  schools  in  Paris,  Ky . ;  studied 
law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  practiced  in 
Qwingsville,  Bath  Connty,  Ky.;  member  of  the 
state  legislature;  moved  to  Elizabeth  town,  Ky.; 
elected  to  the  Twentieth  and  Twenty-first  Con- 
gresses (March  4,  1827-March  3,  1831) ;  reelected  to 
the  Twenty-third  Congress  (March  4, 1833-March  3, 
1835);  presidential  elector  in  1833;  moved  to  Ala- 
bama and  resumed  the  practice  of  law;  converted 
and  was  pastor  of  a  church  in  Hppkinsville,  Ky . ; 
president  of  the  Alabama  Baptist  state  conven- 
tion in  1841;  abandoned  the  practice  of  law  and 
became  general  agent  of  the  Alabama  convention; 
pastor  of  churches  in  Montgomery,  Greensborough, 
and  Newbern,  Ala.;  moved  to  Houston,  Tex.,  in 
1851,  arid  served  as  pastor  of  a  Baptist  church; 
died  in  Montgomery,  Tex.,  August  15,  1854. 

Chinn,  Joseph  W.,  a  Representative  from  Vir- 
ginia; born  in  Nuttsyille,  Va.;  member  of  the  state 
house  of  representatives;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to 
the  Twenty-second  and  Twenty-third  Congresses 


(March  4,  1831-March  3,  1835^ -died  in  Richmond, 
Va.,  December  5,  1840. 

Chinn,  Thomas  W.,  a  Representative  from 
Louisiana;  born  in  Kentucky;  moved  to  Baton 
Rouge,  La.;  held  several  public  offices;  elected 
as  a  Whig  to  the  Twenty-sixth  Congress  (March  4, 
1839rMarch  3, 1841) ;  appointed  by  President  Taylor 
minister  to  the  Two  Sicilies,  and  served  from  June 
5,  1849,  until  October  of  the  same  year,  when  he 
resigned. 

Chipman,  Daniel,  a  Representative  from  Ver- 
mont; born  in  Salisbury,  Conn.,  October  22,  1763; 
was  graduated  from  Dartmouth  college  in  1788; 
studied  law  and  commenced  practice  in  Poultney, 
Vt.,  1790-1794;  moved  to  Middlebury;  member  of 
the  state  house  of  representatives  for  several 
terms,  from  1798-1808,  1812-1814,  1818,  and  1821; 
served  four  years  as  speaker;  member  of  the  gov- 
ernor's council  in  1808;  elected  as  a  Federalist  to 
the  Fourteenth  Congress,  and  served  from  March  4, 
1815,  to  May  5, 1816,  when  he  resigned:  was  a  mem- 
ber of  the  state  constitutional  conventions  of  1793, 
1814,  1836,  1843,  and  1850;  removed  to  Ripton, 
Vt.,  in  1828,  and  continued  to  practice  law;  died  in 
Ripton,  Vt.,  April  23,  1850. 

Chipman,  John  Logan,  a  Representative  from 
Michigan;  born  in  Detroit,  Mich.,  June  5,  1830; 
attended  the  schools  of  that  city,  and  the  University 
of  Michigan  1843-1845;  engaged  in  the  Lake  Supe- 
rior region  as  explorer  for  the  Montreal  Mining  Co. 
in  1846;  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1854;  assistant  clerk 
of  the  state  house  of  representatives  of  Michigan  in 
1853;  city  attorney  of  Detroit  1856-1861;  elected  to 
the  Michigan  legislature  in  1863;  attorney  of  the 
police  board  of  Detroit  1865-1879;  judge  of  the  supe- 
rior court  of  Detroit  May  1,  1879,  and  reelected  at 
the  end  of  six  years;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the 
Fiftieth,  Fifty-first,  Fifty-second,  and  Fifty-third 
Congresses,  and  served  from  March  4,  1887,  until 
his  death  in  Detroit,  Mich.,  August  17,  1893. 

Chipman,  John  S.,  a  Representative  from  Mich- 
gan;  born  in  Vermont;  was  graduated  from  Mid- 
dlebury college  in  1823;  moved  to  Centerville, 
Mich.,  where  he  held  several  local  offices;  elected 
as  a  Democrat  to  the  Twenty-ninth  Congress  (March 
4,  1845-March  3,  1847). 

Chipman,  Nathaniel,  a  Senator  from  Vermont; 
born  in  Salisbury,  Conn.,  November  15,  1752; 
served  for  a  time  as  a  lieutenant  in  the  Revolu- 
tionary War;  fought  at  Monmouth  and  was  at  Valley 
Forge  during  the  memorable  winter  of  1776;  was 
graduated  from  Yale  college  in  1777;  studied  law, 
was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1779,  and  commenced 
practice  in  Tinmouth,  Vt.,  April  10,  1779;  member 
of  the  general  assembly  of  the  state  1784-1785; 
elected  a  judge  of  the  state  supreme  court  in  1786 
and  chosen  chief  justice  in  1789;  appointed  judge 
of  the  United  States  district  court  in  1791  and 
served  until  1794;  was  again  elected  chief  justice  of 
the  state  supreme  court  in  1796;  elected  to  the 
United  States  Senate,  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by 
the  resignation  of  Isaac  Tichenor,  and  served  from 
October  17,  1797,  until  March  3,  1803;  was  again 
a  member  of  the  state  legislature  1806-1811;  chief 
justice  of  the  state  1813-1815;  died  in  Tinmouth, 
Vt.,  February  15,  1843;  the  state  of  Vermont 
caused  a  monument  to  be  erected  to  his  memory 
that  was  dedicated  October  3,  1873. 

Chipman,  Norton  Parker,  a  Delegate  from  the 
District  of  Columbia;  born  in  Milford  Center,  Ohio, 


544 


CONGRESSIONAL   DIRECTORY. 


March  7,  1836;  attended  the  public  schools;  moved 
to  Iowa  in  1845  and  entered  Washington  college; 
afterwards  attended  the  law  school  in  Cincinnati; 
returned  to  Washington,  Iowa,  and  commenced 
the  practice  of  law;  entered  the  Union  Army; 
commissioned  major  of  the  second  Iowa  infantry 
September  23,  1861;  colonel  April  17,  1862;  brevet 
brigadier  general  of  volunteers  March  13,  1865, 
"for  meritorious  service  in  the  bureau  of  military 
justice;"  mustered  out  November  30,  1865;  settled 
in  Washington,  D.  C.;  appointed  secretary  of  the 
territorial  government  of  the  District  of  Columbia 
at  its  organization;  elected  as  a  Republican  a  Dele- 
gate from  the  District  of  Columbia  to  the  Forty- 
second  and  Forty- third  Congresses  (March  4,  1871- 
March  3,  1875);  moved  to  California  in  1876,  and 
engaged  in  the  lumber  business;  member  of  the 
California  state  board  of  trade,  and  its  president  for 
thirteen  years;  appointed  a  commissioner  of  the 
supreme  court  of  California  in  April,  1897 ;  presiding 
justice  of  the  district  court  of  appeals,  third  district, 
in  1905;  elected  to  the  judgship  in  1906,  and  allotted 
the  twelve-years  term;  a  resident  of  Sacramento, 
Cal. 

Chittenden,  Martin,  a  Representative  from 
Vermont;  born  in  Salisbury,  Conn.,  March  12, 
1769;  moved  with  his  parents  to  Williston,  Vt.,  in 
1776;  was  graduated  from  Dartmouth  college  in 
1789 ;  delegate  to  the  state  convention  that  ratified 
the  Federal  Constitution;  elected  clerk  of  Chitten- 
den county  in  1790;  member  of  the  state  house  of 
representatives  1790-1796;  judge  of  the  Chitten- 
den county  court  1793-1795  and  chief  justice  1796- 
1803;  elected  to  the  Eighth,  Ninth,  Tenth, 
Eleventh,  and  Twelfth  Congresses  (March  4,  1803- 
March  3,  1813);  governor  of  Vermont  1813-14; 
judge  of  probate  1821-1823;  died  in  Williston,  Vt., 
September  5,  1840. 

Chittenden,  Simeon  Baldwin,  a  Representa- 
tive from  New  York;  born  in  Guilford,  Conn., 
March  29,  1814;  attended  Guilford  academy; 
moved  to  New  York  in  1843,  where  he  engaged  in 
business;  vice  president  of  the  New  York  chamber 
of  commerce  1867-1869;  presidential  elector  in  1872; 
elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Forty-third,  Forty- 
fourth,  Forty-fifth,  and  Forty-sixth  Congresses 
(March  4,  1873-March  3,  1881);  died  in  Brooklyn, 
N.  Y.,  April  14,  1889. 

Chittenden,  Thomas  Cotton,  a  Representa- 
tive from  New  York;  born  in  Stockbridge,  Mass., 
August  30,  1788;  moved  to  Adams,  Jefferson 
County,  N.  Y.,  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the 
bar,  and  practiced;  judge  of  Jefferson  county  1840- 
1845;  elected  as  a  Whig  to  the  Twenty-sixth  and 
Twenty-seventh  Congresses  (March  4,  1839-March 
3,  1843);  died  in  Watertown,  N.  Y.,  August  22, 
1866;  interment  in  Adams,  N.  Y. 

Choate,  Rufus,  a  Representative  and  a  Senator 
from  Massachusetts;  born  in  Essex,  Mass.,  October 
1,  1799;  was  graduated  from  Dartmouth  college 
in  1819;  studied  law  and  commenced  practice  in 
Danvers  in  1823;  member  of  state  house  of  repre- 
sentatives in  1825  and  state  senator  in  1826 ;  moved 
to  Salem  in  1828;  elected  as  a  WThig  to  the  Twenty- 
second  and  Twenty-third  Congresses,  and  served 
from  March  4,  1831,  to  June  30,  1834,  when  he  re- 
signed; removed  to  Boston  in  1834;  elected  to  the 
United  States  Senate,  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by 
the  resignation  of  Daniel  Webster,  and  served  from 
February  23, 1841,  to  March  3,  1845;  delegate  in  the 
Whig  national  convention  in  Baltimore  in  1852; 
member  of  the  state  constitutional  convention  of 


1853;  attorney  general  of  Massachusetts  in  1853; 
died  in  Halifax,  Nova  Scotia,  July  13,  1859. 

Chrisman,  James  Stone,  a  Representative 
from  Kentucky;  born  in  Monticello,  Ky.,  Septem- 
ber 14,  1818;  delegate  in  the  state  constitutional 
convention  of  1849;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the 
Thirty-third  Congress  (March  4,  1853-March  3, 
1855);  representative  from  Kentucky  in  the  first 
and  second  Confederate  congresses;  died  in  Monti- 
cello,  Ky.,  July  29,  1881. 

Christiancy,  Isaac  Peckham,  a  Senator  from 
Michigan;  born  in  Johnstown,  N.  Y.,  March  12, 
1812;  attended  the  Johnstown,  and  Ovid  academies; 
studied  law;  moved  to  Monroe,  Mich.,  in  1836, 
was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  soon  afterwards  com- 
menced practice;  prosecuting  attorney  for  Monroe 
county  1841-1846;  delegate  in  the  Buffalo  conven- 
tion of  1848;  state  senator  1850-1852;  was  a  prime 
mover  in  the  organization  of  the  Republican  party 
in  1854;  delegate  in  the  first  Republican  national 
convention  in  Philadelphia  in  1856;  editor  and 
proprietor  of  the  Monroe  Comniercial  in  1857; 
elected  a  judge  of  the  supreme  court  of  Michigan 
in  1857,  and  reelected  in  1865,  and  1873;  chief 
justice  in  1872;  was  elected  to  the  United  States 
Senate  and  served  from  March  4,  1875,  to  Febru- 
ary 10,  1879,  when  he  resigned  owing  to  ill  health; 
United  States  minister  to  Peru  1879-1881;  died  in 
Lansing,  Mich.,  September  8,  1890. 

Christie,  Gabriel,  a  Representative  from  Mary- 
land; born  in  that  state;  elected  to  the  Third, 
Fourth,  and  Sixth  Congresses  (March  4, 1793-March 

3,  1801). 

Churchill,  John  Charles,  a  Representative  from 
New  York;  born  in  Mooers,  N.  Y.,  January  17, 1821; 
attended  Plattsburg  academy  and  Burr  seminary, 
Vermont,  and  was  graduated  from  Middlebury  col- 
lege, Vermont,  in  1843;  studied  law,  and  in  1847 
admitted  to  the  bar;  commenced  practice  in 
Oswego,  N.  Y.;  member  of  the  board  of  education 
of  Oswego  city  from  1853  to  1856,  and  of  the  board 
of  supervisors  of  Oswego  county,  1854  and  1855; 
district  attorney  from  1857  to  1860;  judge  of  Oswego 
county  from  1860  to  1864;  elected  as  a  Republican 
to  the  Fortieth  and  Forty-first  Congresses  (March 

4,  1867-March  3,  1871);  delegate  in  the  Repub- 
lican National  convention  in  1876;  a  Presidential 
elector    1880;   appointed  associate  justice  of  the 
supreme  court  of  New  York,  to  fill  a  vacancy, 
January  17,  1881;  was  subsequently  elected,  and 
served  until  the  expiration  of  term  by  age  limit, 
December  31,  1891. 

Churchwell,  William  Montgomery,  a  Rep- 
resentative from  Tennessee;  born  near  Knoxville, 
Tenn.,  February  20,  1826;  pursued  preparatory 
studies;  studied  law,  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar; 
one  of  the  judges  for  Knox  county;  elected  as  a 
Democrat  to  the  Thirty-second  and  Thirty-third 
Congresses  (March  4,  1851-March  3,  1855);  was 
colonel  in  the  Confederate  army;  provost  marshal 
for  the  district  of  East  Tennessee;  during  the 
administration  of  President  Buchanan  was  sent 
on  a  secret  mission  to  Mexico;  died  in  Knoxville, 
Tenn.,  August  18,  1862. 

Cilley,  Bradbury,  a  Representative  from  New 
Hampshire;  born  in  Nottingham,  N.  H.,  February 
1, 1760;  attended  the  public  schools;  elected  on  the 
Peace  ticket,  headed  by  Daniel  Webster  to  the 
Thirteenth  Congress;  reelected  as  a  Federalist  to 
the  Fourteenth  Congress,  and  served  from  March  4, 


BIOGRAPHIES. 


545 


1813,  until  March  3,  1817;  was  an  aid-de-camp  to 
Gov.  Gillman;  died  in  Nottingham,  N.  H.,  Decem- 
ber 17,  1831. 

Cilley,  Jonathan,  a  Representative  from  Maine, 
born  in  Nottingham,  N.  H.,  July  2,  1802;  was 
graduated  from  Bowdoin  college  in  1825;  studied 
law,  and  in  1829  commenced  practice  in  Thorn- 
aston,  Me. ;  editor  of  the  Thomaston  Register  1829- 
1831;  member  of  the  state  house  of  representatives 
1832-1837,  served  as  speaker  for  two  years;  elected 
as  a  Van  Buren  Democrat  to  the  Twenty -fifth  Con- 
gress, and  served  from  March  4,  1837,  to  February, 
24,  1838,  when  he  was  killed  in  a  duel  in  Bladens- 
burg,  Md.,  near  Washington,  D.  C.,  by  William 
Graves,  a  Representative  from  Kentucky. 

Cilley,  Joseph,  a  Senator  from  New  Hamp- 
shire; born  in  Nottingham,  N.  H.,  January  4, 
1791;  completed  preparatory  studies  in  Atkinson 
academy;  commissioned  ensign  in  the  eighteenth 
New  Hampshire  regiment  October  17,  1811;  in 
the  eleventh  United  States  infantry  March  12, 
1812;  lieutenant  in  the  twenty-first  infantry  March 
7,  1814;  resigned  June  30,  1816,  with  brevet  rank 
of  captain;  quartermaster  of  New  Hampshire  in 
1817;  division  inspector  in  1821;  aid-de-camp  to 
Gov.  Benjamin  Pierce  in  1827;  elected  as  a  Demo- 
crat to  the  United  States  Senate,  to  fill  vacancy 
caused  by  the  resignation  of  Levi  Woodbury,  and 
served  from  June  13,  1846,  until  March  3,  1847; 
retired  to  his  farm  near  Nottingham,  N.  H.,  and 
died  there  September  16,  1887.- 

Claflin,  Wilh'am,  a  Representative  from  Massa- 
chusetts; born  in  Milford,  Mass.,  March  6,  1818; 
attended  the  public  schools  and  Brown  university; 
engaged  in  the  shoe  and  leather  business  in  St. 
Louis,  Mo.,  and  afterwards  in  Boston;  member  of 
the  state  house  of  representatives  1849-1852,  and 
of  the  state  senate  1860-61,  served  the  last  year 
as  president  of  the  senate;  member  of  the  Repub- 
lican national  executive  committee  1864-1875, 
served  as  chairman  1868-1872;  lieutenant  governor 
of  Massachusetts  1866-1868;  governor  of  Massa- 
chusetts 1869-1871;  elected  to  the  Forty-fifth  and 
Forty-sixth  Congresses  (March  4,  1877-March  3, 
1883);  died  in  Newton,  Mass.,  January  5,  1905. 

Clagett,  Clifton,  a  Representative  from  New 
Hampshire;  born  in  Portsmouth,  N.  H.,  December 
3,  1762;  studied  law  and  commenced  practice  in 
Litchfield  in  1787;  appointed  judge  of  probate  for 
Hillsboro  county  in  1810,  and  moved  to  Amherst; 
representative  from  Litchfield  in  the  legislature  for 
several  years,  and  from  Amherst  in  1816;  elected 
'to  the  Eighth  Congress  (March  4,  1803-March  3, 
1805) ;  appointed  a  justice  of  the  peace  and  quorum 
in  1808;  appointed  a  judge  of  the  supreme  court  in 
1812;  again  elected  to  the  Fifteenth  and  Sixteenth 
Congresses  (March  4, 1817-March3, 1821);  appointed 
judge  of  probate  August  5,  1823,  and  held  the  office 
until  his  death  in  Amherst,  N.  H.,  January  29, 1829. 

Clagett,  William  Henry,  a  Representative 
from  Montana;  born  in  Upper  Marlboro,  Md., 
September  21,  1838;  studied  law  and  afterwards 
practiced;  moved  to  Nevada;  member  of  the 
legislature  of  Nevada  in  1862-63,  and  1865;  moved 
to  Montana  and  was  elected  as  a  Republican  to 
the  Forty-second  Congress  (March  4,  1871-March 
3,  1873);  died  in  Spokane,  Wash.,  in  1900. 

Claiborne,  John,  a  Representative  from  Vir 
ginia;  born  in  Brunswick  county,  Va.,  in  1777; 
pursued  academic  studies  and  was  graduated  from 

50346°— S.  Doc.  654,  61-2 35 


the  medical  department  of  the  University  of 
Pennsylvania  in  1798,  and  practiced;  elected  to 
the  Ninth  and  Tenth  Congresses,  and  served  from 
March  4,  1805,  until  his  death  in  Brunswick 
county,  Va,,  October  9,  1808. 

Claiborne,  John  Francis  Hamtramck,  a  Rep- 
resentative from  Mississippi;  born  in  Natchez, 
Miss.,  April  24,  1809;  attended  school  in  Virginia; 
studied  law  and  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1825; 
member  of  the  state  legislature  for  several  years; 
moved  to  Madisonville,  Miss.;  elected  as  a  Jackson 
Democrat  to  the  Twenty-fourth  Congress  (March 
4,  1835-March  3,  1837);  claimed  to  have  been 
reelected  to  the  Twenty-fifth  Congress  and  the 
House  admitted  him  to  a  seat  October  3,  1837,  but 
subsequently  declared  the  seat  vacant;  served  to 
January  31, 1838;  editor  of  the  Natchez  Free  Trader 
until  1844;  moved  to  New  Orleans,  La.,  and  was 
editor  successfully  of  the  Jeffersonian,  the  States- 
man, and  the  Louisiana  Courier;  appointed  United 
States  timber  agent  for  Louisiana  and  Mississippi 
in  1853;  returned  to  his  estate  "Dunbarton,"  near 
Natchez,  Miss.,  and  died  there,  May  17,  1884. 

Claiborne,  Nathaniel  Herbert,  a  Represen- 
tative from  Virginia;  born  in  Chesterfield,  Va., 
November  14,  1767;  received  a  liberal  schooling; 
member  of  the  state  house  of  delegates  for  several 
terms;  an  executive  councilor;  elected  to  the 
Nineteenth,  Twentieth,  Twenty-first,  Twenty- 
second,  Twenty-third,  and  Twenty-fourth  Con- 
gresses (March  4,  1825-March  3,  1837);  died  in 
Rockymount,  Va.,  August  15,  1859. 

Claiborne,  Thomas,  a  Representative  from 
Virginia;  born  in  Brunswick  county,  Va.,  in  1749; 
was  sheriff  of  Brunswick  county  1789-7192;  colonel 
commanding  the  Brunswick  county  militia  in 
1789;  member  of  the  Virginia  house  of  delegates 
1784-1786;  elected  to  the  Third,  Fourth,  and 
Fifth  Congresses  (March  4,  1793-March  3,  1799); 
elected  to  the  Seventh  and  Eighth  Congresses 
(March  4,  1801-March  3,  1805);  died  in  Bruns- 
wick county,  Va.,  in  1812. 

Claiborne,  Thomas,  a  Representative  from 
Tennessee;  born  in  Brunswick  county,  Va.; 
elected  to  the  Fifteenth  Congress  (March  4,  1817- 
March  3,  1819). 

Claiborne,  Wilh'am  Charles  Cole,  a  Repre- 
sentative from  Tennessee  and  a  Senator  from 
Louisiana;  born  in  Virginia;  studied  law,  and  was 
admitted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced  prcatice  in 
Nashville,  Tenn.;  delegate  in  the  state  constitu- 
tional convention;  elected  to  the  Fifth  and  Sixth 
Congresses  (March  4,  1797-March  3,  1801);  ap- 
pointed governor  of  Mississippi  in  1801,  and  of  the 
newly-acquired  Territory  of  Louisiana  in  1804; 
governor  of  Louisiana  1812-1816;  elected  as  a 
Democrat  from  Louisiana  to  the  United  States 
Senate,  and  served  from  March  4,  1817,  until  his 
death,  before  the  assembling  of  Congress,  in  New 
Orleans,  La.,  November  23,  1817. 

Clancy,  John  Michael,  a  Representative  from 
N^ew  York;  born  in  Queens  county,  Ireland,  May  7, 
1837;  emigrated  with  his  parents  to  New  York; 
attended  the  public  schools  of  Brooklyn;  engaged 
in  real  estate  business;  served  as  an  alderman  of  the 
city  of  Brooklyn  1868-1875;  member  of  the  state 
assembly  1878-1881;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the 
Fifty-first,  Fifty-second,  and  Fifty-third  Con- 
gresses (March  4,  1889-March  3,  1895);  died  in 
Butte,  Mont.,  while  returning  from  Yellowstone 
Park,  July  25,  1903;  interment  in  Brooklyn,  N.  Y. 


546 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 


Clapp,  Asa  William  Henry,  a  Representative 
from  Maine;  born  in  Portland,  Me.,  March  6,  1805; 
was  graduated  from  the  military  academy  in 
Norwich,  Vt.,  in  1823;  engaged  in  business; 
elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Thirtieth  Congress 
(March  4,  1847-March  3,  1849);  died  in  Portland, 
Me.,  March  22,  1891. 

Clapp,  Moses  Edwin,  a  Senator  from  Minne- 
sota; born  in  Del  phi,  Ind.,May21, 1851;  moved  with 
his  parents  to  Hudson,  Wis. ,  in  1857 ;  after  attending 
the  common  schools,  was  graduated  from  the  Wis- 
consin law  school  in  1873;  elected  county  attorney 
of  St.  Crpix  county,  Wis.,  in  1878;  moved  to  Fergus 
Falls,  Minn.,  in  1881,  and  resided  there  until  1891; 
elected  attorney  general  of  Minnesota  in  1887, 1889, 
and  1891,  and  made  St.  Paul  his  permanent  home 
in  1891;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  United 
States  Senate  January  23,  1901,  to  fill  vacancy 
occasioned  by  the  death  of  Cushman  K.  Davis,  and 
took  his  seat  January  23, 1901 ;  reelected  in  1905,  and 
again  in  1911,  the  term  expiring  March  3,  1917. 

Clardy,  John  Daniel,  a  Representative  from 
Kentucky;  born  in  Smith  county,  Term.,  August 
30, 1828;  went  with  his  parents  to  Christian  county, 
Ky.,  in  1831;  was  graduated  from  Georgetown  col- 
lege, Kentucky,  in  1848;  studied  medicine  and  was 
graduated  from  the  medical  department  of  the  Uni- 
versity of  Pennsylvania  in  1851;  practiced  for  a 
number  of  years;  elected  to  represent  Christian 
county  in  the  constitutional  convention  in  1890; 
appointed  and  served  as  one  of  the  state  commis- 
sioners to  the  Columbian  exposition  at  Chicago  in 
1893;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Fifty-fourth  and 
Fifty-fifth  Congresses  (March  4,  1895-March  3, 
1899);  retired,  and  a  resident  of  Hopkinsville,  Ky. 

Clardy,  Martin  Linn,  a  Representative  from 
Missouri;  born  in  Ste.  Genevieve  county,  Mo., 
April  26,  1844;  attended  the  St.  Louis  university 
and  the  University  of  Virginia;  studied  law,  was 
admitted  to  the  bar,  and  began  practice  in  Farm- 
ington,  Mo.;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Forty- 
sixth,  Forty-seventh,  Forty-eighth,  Forty-ninth, 
and  Fiftieth  Congresses  (March  4,  1879-March  3, 
1889);  resumed  the  practice  of  law  in  Farmington, 
Mo. 

Clark,  Abraham,  a  Delegate  and  Representa- 
tive from  New  Jersey;  born  near  Elizabethtown, 
N.  J.,  February  15,  1726;  studied  law,  afterwards 
practiced  in  Rahway ;  sheriff  of  Essex  county;  clerk 
of  the  provincial  assembly;  sat  in  the  Continental 
Congress  1776-1778,  1780-1782,  and  1787-1788;  a 
signer  of  the  Declaration  of  Independence;  dele- 
gate to  the  conventions  of  1786  and  1787;  member 
of  the  state  assembly  1782-1787;  elected  to  the  Sec- 
ond and  Third  Congresses  and  served  from  March 
4,  1791,  until  his  death,  in  Rahway,  N.  J.,  Septem- 
ber 15,  1794. 

Clark,  Alvah  Augustus,  a  Representative  from 
New  Jersey;  born  in  Lebanon,  N.  J.,  September  13, 
1840;  prepared  for  college,  studied  law,  was  ad- 
mitted to  the  bar  in  November,  1864;  counselor  in 
February,  1867;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the 
Forty-fifth  and  Forty-sixth  Congresses  (March  4, 
1877-March  3,  1881);  resumed  the  practice  of  law; 
died  in  Somerville,  N.  J.,  December  27.  1912. 

Clark,  Ambrose  Williams,  a  Representative 
from  New  York;  born  near  Cooperstpwn,  N.  Y.,  Feb- 
ruary 19,  1810;  attended  the  public  schools;  pub- 
lisher of  the  Otsego  Journal  1831-1836;  of  the 
Northern  Journal  in  Lewis  county  1836-1844, 


and  of  the  Northern  New  York  Journal  at  Water- 
town  1844-1860;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the 
Thirty-seventh  and  Thirty-eighth  Congresses; 
served  from  March  4,  1861,  to  March  3,  1865; 
appointed  consul  at  Valparaiso  by  President  Lin- 
coln and  served  from  1865  to  1869;  in  1869  acted  as 
charg6  d'affaires  in  Chile  in  the  absence  of  the 
minister;  died  in  Watertown,  N.  Y.,  October  13, 
1887. 

Clark,  Amos,  jr.,  a  Representative  from  New 
Jersey;  born  in  Brooklyn,  N.  Y.,  November  8, 1827; 
engaged  in  business  in  New  York  City,  with  resi- 
dence in  Elizabeth,  where  he  was  largely  inter- 
ested in  real  estate;  member  of  city  council  of 
Elizabeth  in  1865-66;  state  senator  1866-1869; 
presidential  elector  on  the  Republican  ticket  in 
1872;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Forty-third 
Congress  (March  4,  1873-March  4,  1875);  retired, 
and  a  resident  of  Norfolk  county,  Mass.,  but  re- 
taining business  interests  in  Elizabeth,  N.  J. 

Clark,  Champ,  a  Representative  from  Missouri; 
born  near  Lawrenceburg,  Anderson  county,  Ky., 
March  7,  1850;  attended  common  schools  and  Ken- 
tucky university;  was  graduated  from  Bethany  col- 
lege in  1873,  and  from  the  Cincinnati  law  school  in 
1875;  president  of  Marshall  college,  WTest  Virginia, 
1873-1874;  edited  a  country  newspaper  and  prac- 
ticed law;  moved  to  Bowling  Green,  Pike  county, 
Mo.,  in  1876;  deputy  prosecuting  attorney  and 
prosecuting  attorney;  member  state  legislature 
1889-1890;  presidential  elector  on  the  Hancock 
ticket  in  1880;  delegate  to  Trans-Mississippi  con- 
gress at  Denver  in  May,  1891 ;  elected  as  a  Democrat 
to  the  Fifty-third  Congress  (March  4,  1893-March  3, 
1895);  elected  to  the  Fifty-fifth,  Fifty-sixth,  Fifty- 
seventh,  Fifty-eighth,  Fifty-ninth,  Sixtieth,  and 
Sixty-first  Congresses  (March  4,  1897-March  3, 
1911);  minority  leader  of  the  House  of  Representa- 
tives in  the  Sixtieth  and  Sixty-first  Congresses. 
Reelected  to  the  Sixty-second  Congress,  and  elected  its 
Speaker. 

Clark,  Charles  Benjamin,  a  Representative 
from  Wisconsin;  born  in  Theresa,  Jefferson  county, 
N.  Y.,  August  24,  1844;  attended  a  common  school; 
moved  to  Wisconsin  in  1855,  and  settled  in  Neenah; 
engaged  in  manufacturing;  enlisted  in  company  I, 
twenty-first  Wisconsin  volunteer  infantry  at  its 
organization,  and  served  with  the  same  during  the 
war;  held  various  minor  local  offices;  elected  a 
member  of  the  assembly  for  1885;  elected  as  a 
Republican  to  the  Fiftieth  and  Fifty-first  Con- 
gresses (March  4,  1887-March  3,  1891);  died  in  Wa- 
tertown, N.  Y.,  September  10,  1891. 

Clark,  Charles  Nelson,  a  Representative  from 
Missouri;  born  in  Cortland  county,  N.  Y.,  August 
21,  1827;  attended  Hamilton  college,  N.  Y.; 
moved  to  Illinois  in  1859;  when  the  war  broke  out 
he  assisted  in  raising  a  company  of  cavalry,  which 
was  made  company  G,  third  Illinois  cavalry,  Au- 
gust 6,  1861,  and  went  directly  in  to  service;  became 
disabled  and  left  the  Army  in  1863  and  located  in 
Hannibal  Mo.,  in  April,  1865;  became  interested  in 
the  Mississippi  river  bottom  lands  in  Illinois  and 
undertook  their  reclamation;  elected  as  a  Repub- 
lican to  the  Fifty-fourth  Congress  (March  4,  1895- 
March  3,  1897). 

Clark,  Christopher,  a  Representative  from 
Virginia;  born  in  Albemarle  county,  Va.,  in  1767; 
studied  law  and  practiced;  member  of  the  state 
legislature  for  several  terms;  elected  as  a  Jeffer- 
sonian  Democrat  to  the  Eighth  Congress,  to  filJ 


BIOGRAPHIES. 


547 


vacancy  caused  by  the  death  of  John  Trigg;  re- 
elected  to  the  Ninth  Congress  and  served  from  No- 
vember 5,  1804,  to  July  1,  1806,  when  he  resigned ; 
died  near  New  London,  Va.,  November  21, 1828. 

Clark,  Clarence  Don,  a  Representative  and  a 
Senator  from  Wyoming;  born  in  Sandy  Creek,  Os- 
wego  county,  N.  Y.,  April  16,  1851;  attended  the 
common  schools  and  the  Iowa  state  university; 
was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1874;  taught  school  and 
practiced  law  in  Delaware  county,  Iowa,  until 
1881;  moved  to  Evanston,  Wyo.;  prosecuting  at- 
torney for  Uinta  county  four  years ;  member  of  the 
state  constitutional  convention;  delegate  to  the 
Republican  national  conventions  of  1888,  1900, 
1904,  1908,  and  1912;  declined  the  position  of  as- 
sociate justice  of  the  territory  of  Wyoming  in 
1890;  upon  the  admission  of  the  state  of  Wyo- 
ming into  the  Union  was  elected  as  a  Republican  to 
the  Fifty-first  Congress;  reelected  to  the  Fifty- 
second  Congress,  and  served  from  December  1, 
1890,  to  March  3,  1893;  unsuccessful  candidate  for 
reelection  to  the  Fifty-third  Congress;  elected  Jan- 
uary 23,  1895,  to  the  United  States  Senate  for  the 
term  commencing  March  3,  1893,  to  fill  vacancy 
caused  by  the  failure  of  the  legislature  to  elect  in 
1892;  reelected  in  1899, 1905,  and  again  in  1911  for 
the  term  ending  March  4,  1917. 

Clark,  Daniel,  a  Senator  from  New  Hampshire; 
bora  in  Stratham,  N.  H.,  October  24,  1809;  was 
graduated  from  Dartmouth  college  in  1834;  studied 
law  and  in  1837  commenced  practice  in  Epping, 
N.  H.;  became  a  resident  of  Manchester  in  1839; 
member  of  the  state  legislature  1842,  1843,  1846, 
1854,  and  1855;  elected  United  States  Senator  as  a 
Republican  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  the  death  of 
James  Bell;  reelected  and  served  from  June  27, 
1857,  to  July  27,  1866,  when  he  resigned;  President 
of  the  Senate  pro  tempore,  April  26  and  February 
9,  1864;  appointed  July  27,  1866,  United  States 
district  judge,  which  office  he  held  until  his  death; 
president  of  the  New  Hampshire  constitutional 
convention  in  1876;  died  in  Manchester,  N.  H., 
January  2,  1891. 

Clark,  Daniel,  a  Delegate  from  the  Territory  of 
Orleans;  elected  a  Delegate  to  the  Ninth  and 
Tenth  Congresses,  and  served  from  December  1, 
1806.  to  March  3,  1809. 

Clark,  Ezra;  jr.,  a  Representative  from  Con- 
necticut; born  in  Brattleboro,  Vt.,  September  12, 
X813;  moved  to  Hartford,  Conn.,  with  his  parents  in 
1819;  attended  public  schools,  and  was  taken  into 
business  as  a  partner  with  his  father  on  attaining 
his  majority;  was  a  member  of  the  common  council 
and  the  board  of  aldermen,  and  for  a  time  was  judge 
of  the  municipal  court;  held  many  other  local 
offices;  elected  as  an  American  Republican  to  the 
Thirty-fourth  and  Thirty-fifth  Congresses  (March  4, 
1855-March  3,  1859);  died  in  Hartford,  Conn.,  Sep- 
tember 26,  1896. 

Clark,  Frank,  a  Representative  from  Florida; 
born  in  Eufaula,  Ala.,  March 28, 1860;  attended  the 
common  schools  of  Alabama  and  Georgia;  studied 
law  and  was  admitted  to  practice  in  Fairhaven, 
Ga.,  August  3,  1881;  in  1884  moved  to  Florida, 
and  served  three  terms  in  the  legislature  of  that 
state;  assistant  United  States  attorney  and  United 
States  attorney  for  the  southern  district  of  Florida; 
chairman  of  the  Democratic  state  committee; 
elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Fifty-ninth,  Sixtieth, 
and  Sixty-first  Congresses  (March  4,  1905-March 
3,  1911).  Reelected  to  the  Sixty -second  Congress. 


Clark,  Franklin,  a  Representative  from  Maine; 
born  in  Wiscasset,  Me.,  August  2,  1801;  attended 
the  public  schools;  engaged  in  business  in  Wiscas- 
set, Me.;  member  of  the  state  house  of  representa- 
tives; an  executive  councilor  in  1855;  elected  as  a 
Democrat  to  the  Thirtieth  Congress  (March  4,  1847- 
March  3, 1849);  died  in  Brooklyn,  N.  Y.,  August  24, 
1874. 

Clark,  Henry  Selby,  a  Representative  from 
North  Carolina;  born  near  Leechville,  Beaufort 
county,  N.  C.,  September  9,  1809;  attended  the 
common  schools  and  was  graduated  from  the  Uni- 
versity of  North  Carolina  in  1828;  studied  law, 
was  admitted  to  \he  bar,  and  commenced  practice 
in  Washington,  N.  C.;  member  of  the  state  house 
of  commons  1834-1836;  solicitor  for  the  district  in 
1842;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Twenty-ninth 
Congress  (March  4,  1845-March  3,  1847);  moved  to 
Greenville,  N.  C.,  and  resumed  the  practice  of 
law;  died  in  Greenville,  N.  C.,  January  8,  1869; 
interment  at  his  country  home  near  Leechville, 
N.C. 

Clark,  Horace  Francis,  a  Representative  from 
New  York;  born  in  Southbury,  Conn.,  November 
29,  1815;  was  graduated  from  Williams  college  in 
1833;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and 
commenced  practice  in  New  York  City  in  1837, 
where  he  was  prominent  in  financial,  political, 
and  railroad  circles;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the 
Thirty-fifth  and  Thirty-sixth  Congresses  (March 
4,  1857-March  3,  1861);  director  in  the  New  York 
&  Harlem  railroad  and  later  president  of  the 
Union  Pacific,  the  Michigan  Southern,  and  numer- 
ous other  railroads;  a  director  of  as  many  more; 
was  active  manager  of  the  Western  Union  tele- 
graph company,  and  president  of  the  Union  Trust 
company;  died  in  New  York  City  June  19,  1873. 

Clark,  James,  a  Representative  from  Ken- 
tucky; born  in  Bedford  county,  Va.,  January 
16,  1757;  moved  with  his  parents  to  Clark  county, 
Ky.;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and 
commenced  practice  in  Winchester,  Ky.,  in  1797; 
member  of  the  state  house  of  representatives  for 
several  terms;  appointed  judge  of  the  court  of 
appeals  in  1810;  elected  as  a  Clay  Democrat  to  the 
Thirteenth  and  Fourteenth  Congresses  and  served 
from  March  4,  1813,  until  1816,  when  he  resigned; 
judge  of  the  circuit  court  1817-1824;  reelected 
to  the  Nineteenth,  Twentieth,  and  Twenty-first 
Congresses  (March  4,  1825-March  3,  1831);  elected 
governor  of  Kentucky  in  1836;  died  in  Frankfort, 
Ky.,  August  27,  1839. 

Clark,  James  West,  a  Hepresentative  from 
North  Carolina;  born  in  Bertie  county,  N.  C.,  Octo- 
ber 15,  1779;  was  graduated  from  Princeton  college 
in  1797;  member  of  the  house  of  commons  of  North 
Carolina  in  1802,  1803,  and  1811;  presidential 
elector  on  the  Madison  ticket  in  1812;  member  of 
the  state  senate  in  1812,  1813,  and  1814;  elected  as 
a  Democrat  to  the  Fourteenth  Congress  (March  4, 
1815-March  3,  1817);  appointed  chief  clerk  of  the 
Navy  Department  by  Secretary  Branch  in  1829- 
1831;  died  in  Tarboro,  N.  C:,  in  December,  1843. 

Clark,  John  Bullock,  a  Representative  from 
Missouri;  born  in  Madison  county,  Ky.,  April  17, 
1802;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and 
commenced  practice  in  Fayette,  Mo.,  in  1824; 
clerk  of  the  Howard  county  courts  1824-1834; 
commanded  a  regiment  of  Missouri  mounted  volun- 
teers in  the  Black  Hawk  War  in  1832;  commis- 


548 


CONGKESSIONAL  DIRECTOEY. 


eioned  major  general  of  militia  in  1848;  member 
of  the  state  house  of  representatives  1850-1851; 
commander  of  the  state  force  called  out  to  expel 
the  Mormons  from  Missouri;  elected  as  a  Demo- 
crat to  the  Thirty-fifth,  Thirty-sixth,  and  Thirty- 
seventh  Congresses  and  served  from  March  4, 1857, 
until  he  withdrew;  formally  expelled  July  13, 
1861 ;  served  as  a  Senator  from  Missouri  to  the  First 
Confederate  congress  and  as  a  Representative  in 
the  Second  Confederate  congress;  brigadier  general 
of  Missouri  Confederate  state  troops;  died  in  Fay- 
ette,  Mo.,  October  29,  1885. 

Clark,  John  Bullock,  jr.,  a  Representative  from 
Missouri;  born  in  Fayette,  Mo.,  January  14,  1831; 
attended  the  common  schools;  entered  Missouri 
university;  studied  law,  and  was  graduated  from 
the  law  department  of  Harvard  university  at  Cam- 
bridge, Mass.,  in  1854;  practiced  law  from  1855 
until  the  commencement  of  the  Civil  War,  when 
he  entered  the  Confederate  army  as  a  lieutenant; 
promoted  successively  to  be  captain,  major,  colonel 
and  brigadier  general;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the 
Forty-third,  Forty-fourth,  Forty-fifth,  Forty-sixth, 
and  Forth-seventh  Congresses  (March  4,  1873- 
March  3,  1883);  clerk  of  the  national  House  of 
Representatives  1883-1889;  died  in  Washington, 
D.  C.,  September  7,  1903. 

Clark,  John  Chamberlain,  a  Representative 
from  New  York;  born  in  Connecticut  March  8, 
1793;  was  graduated  from  Williams  college  in  1811; 
moved  to  Bainbridge,  Chenango  county,  N.  Y.; 
elected  a  member  of  the  state  assembly  in  1826; 
district  attorney  1823-1827;  elected  as  a  Democrat 
to  the  Twentieth  Congress  (March  4,  1827-March 
3,  1829);  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Twenty-fifth 
Congress  but  changed  his  politics  on  the  appearance 
of  President  Van  Buren's  message  in  1837;  re- 
elected  to  the  Twenty-sixth  and  Twenty-seventh 
Congresses  as  a  Whig,  and  served  from  March  4, 
1837,  to  March  3, 1843;  First  Auditor  of  the  Treasury 
from  August  2.  1849,  to  October  31,  1849;  died  in 
Bainbridge,  N.'  Y.,  in  1852. 

Clark,  Lincoln,  a  Representative  from  Iowa; 
born  in  Con  way,  Franklin  county,  Mass.,  August  9, 
1800;  was  graduated  from  Amherst  college  in  1825; 
studied  law  and  commenced  practice  in  Pickens 
county,  Ala.,  in  1831;  member  of  the  state  house  of 
representatives  in  1834,  1835,  and  1845;  moved  to 
Tuscaloosa  in  1836;  appointed  attorney  general  in 
1839;  appointed  circuit  judge  in  1846;  removed  to 
Dubuque,  Iowa,  in  1848;  presidential  elector  on 
the  Pierce  and  King  ticket  in  1852;  elected  to  the 
Thirty-second  Congress  (March  4,  1851-March  3, 
1853);  resumed  the  practice  of  law  in  Chicago,  111.; 
appointed  United  States  register  in  bankruptcy  in 
1866;  returned  to  Con  way,  Mass.,  in  1869;  died 
there  September  16,  1886. 

Clark,  Lot,  a  Representative  from  New  York; 
born  in  Hillsdale,  Columbia  county,  N.  Y.,  May  23, 
1788;  moved  with  parents  to  Otsego  county  in  1796; 
pursued  academic  studies;  studied  law  and  was 
admitted  to  the  bar  June  11,  1816,  and  practiced 
in  Norwich,  N.  Y.,  and  later  in  Lockport;  was 
projector  of  first  wire  cable  bridge  over  the  Niagara 
chasm;  was  commissioner  of  the  United  States  land 
office  in  Lockport  many  years;  district  attorney 
of  Chenango  county  1822-1823;  elected  to  the 
Eighteenth  Congress  (March  4,  1823-March  3, 
1825);  again  served  as  district  attorney  of  Che- 
nango county  1828-1836;  died  in  Buffalo,  N.  Y., 
December  18,  1862. 


Clark,  Robert,  a  Representative  from  New 
York;  born  in  Delaware  county,  N.  Y.;  member 
of  the  state  house  of  representatives  in  1813  and 
1815;  elected  to  the  Sixteenth  Congress  (March 
4,  1819-March  3,  1821);  member  of  the  state  con- 
stitutional convention  of  1821;  died  September 
14,  1821. 

Clark,  Rush,  a  Representative  from  Iowa;  born 
in  Schellsburg,  Bedford  county,  Pa.,  October  1, 
1834;  attended  the  common  schools,  the  academy 
in  Ligonier,  Pa.,  and  was  graduated  from  Jefferson 
college  in  1853;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the 
bar  in  1853,  and  commenced  practice  in  Iowa 
City,  Iowa;  member  of  the  general  assembly  of 
Iowa,  1860-1864  and  served  as  Speaker  in  1863- 
1864;  was  on  the  staff  of  the  governor  of  Iowa 
1861-1862,  and  aided  in  the  organization  of  vol- 
unteers regiments  from  Iowa;  trustee  of  Iowa 
university,  1862-1866;  reelected  to  the  general 
assembly  of  Iowa  in  1876;  elected  as  a  Republican 
to  the  Forty-fifth  Congress;  reelected  to  the  Forty- 
sixth  Congress  and  served  from  March  4,  1877, 
until  his  death  in  Washington,  D.  C.,  April  29, 
1879. 

Clark,  Samuel,  a  Representative  from  New 
York  and  a  Representative  from  Michigan;  born 
in  Cayuga  county,  N.  Y.,  in  January,  1800;  was 
graduated  from  Hamilton  college,  N.  Y.;  was  ad- 
mitted to  the  bar,  and  commenced  practice  of 
law  in  Waterloo,  N.  Y.,  in  1826;  elected  from  New 
York  to  the  Twenty-third  Congress  as  a  Demo- 
crat (March  4,  1833-March  4,  1835);  moved  to 
Kalamazoo,  Mich.,  in  1842;  elected  from  Michigan 
to  the  Thirty-third  Congress  (March  4,  1853- 
March  3,  1855);  died  in  Kalamazoo,  Mich.,  Octo- 
ber 2,  1870. 

Clark,  Samuel  Mercer,  a  Representative  from 
Iowa;  born  in  Van  Buren  county,  Iowa,  October  11, 
1842;  attended  a  public  school  and  Des  Moines 
Valley  college  for  one  year;  studied  law;  admitted 
to  the  bar  in  June,  1864 ;  editor  of  the  Keokuk ' '  Gate 
City  "  for  31  years;  delegate  to  Republican  national 
conventions  of  1872,  1876,  and  1880;  elected  as  a 
Republican  to  the  Fifty-fourth  and  Fifty-fifth 
Congresses  (March  4,  1895-March  3,  1899);  died  in 
Keokuk,  Iowa,  August  11,  1900. 

Clark,  William,  a  Representative  from  Penn- 
sylvania; born  in  Dauphin,  Pa.,  February  18,  1774; 
went  to  Crawford  county,  Pa.,  early  in  life;  was 
associate  judge  of  Crawford  county  1803-1818, 
participated  in  the  War  of  1812;  brigade  inspector 
western  district  of  Pennsylvania;  was  on  board  the 
flagship  St.  Lawrence  in  her  first  engagement  with 
the  British  fleet  on  Lake  Erie;  secretary  of  the 
Pennsylvania  land  office  1818-1821;  treasurer  of 
the  state  of  Pennsylvania  1821-1827;  Treasurer  of 
the  United  States  June  4,  1828,  to  November, 
1829;  elected  as  a  Whig  to  the  Twenty -third  and 
Twenty-fourth  Congresses  (March  4,  1833-March  4, 
1837);  died  in  Dauphin,  Pa.,  March  28,  1851. 

Clark,  William  Andrews,  a  Senator  from  Mon- 
tana; born  near  Connellsville,  Fayette  county, 
Pa.,  January  8, 1839;  attended  the  common  schools; 
moved  to  Iowa  in  1856,  and  studied  law  in  Mount 
Pleasant,  Iowa;  worked  in  the  quartz  mines  around 
Central  City,  Colo.,  in  1862,  and  went  to  Montana 
in  1863;  major  of  a  battalion  that  pursued  Chief 
Joseph  and  his  band  in  the  Nez  Perces  invasion  of 
1877;  president  of  the  constitutional  convention  of 
the  state  in  1884;  president  of  the  second  constitu- 
tional convention  in  1889;  extensively  engaged  in 


BIOGRAPHIES. 


549 


banking,  mining,  manufacturing,  and  other  busi- 
ness enterprises;  elected  to  the  United  States 
Senate  as  a  Democrat  January  28,  1899;  a  memorial 
was  filed  in  the  Senate  asking  that  the  election  be 
investigated  and  a  resolution  was  reported  April  23, 
1900,  to  the  effect  that  the  election  was  void;  re- 
signed May  11,  1900,  while  the  resolution  was 
pending;  reelected  in  November,  and  on  January 
16,  1901,  was  reelected  for  a  full  term;  took  his  seat 
March  4,  1901,  and  served  until  March  3,  1907; 
personally  superintended  his  extensive  mining, 
banking,  and  railroad  interests  in  Butte,  Mont., 
with  offices  and  winter  residence  in  New  York 
City. 

Clark,  William  Tecumseh,  a  Representative 
from  Texas;  born  in  Norwalk,  Conn.,  June  29, 1834; 
attended  schools  in  Connecticut  and  in  New  York 
City;  studied  law  in  New  York,  and  in  1855  moved 
to  Iowa  and  commenced  practice;  served  in  the 
Union  Army;  first  lieutenant  and  adjutant  of  the 
thirteenth  Iowa  infantry,  November  2,  1861;  cap- 
tain and  assistant  adjutant  general  March  6,  1862; 
major  and  adjutant  general  November  24,  1862; 
lieutenant  colonel  and  assistant  adjutant  general, 
assigned,  February  10,  1863,  to  April  22,  1865; 
brevet  brigadier  general  of  volunteers  July  22, 

1864,  "for  gallant  and  distinguished  service  at  the 
battle  of  Atlanta,  Ga.";  major  general  November  24, 

1865,  "for  gallant  and  meritorious  services  during 
the  war";  mustered  out  February  1,  1866;  engaged 
in  business  in  Galveston,  Tex.;  postmaster  of  Gal- 
veston  during  the  first  Grant  administration,  1869- 
1873;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Forty-first  and 
to  the  Forty-second  Congresses,  and  served  from 
March  4,  1869,  to  May  13,  1872,  when  he  was  suc- 
ceeded by  De  Witt  C.  Giddings,  who  contested  his 
second  election;  died  in  New  York  City,  October 
12,  1905. 

Clarke,  Archibald  Smith,  a  Representative 
from  New  York;  born  in  Prince  George  county, 
Md.,  in  1788;  attended  grammar  and  high  schools; 
studied  law  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  prac- 
ticed in  Niagara  county;  member  of  the  state  as- 
sembly from  July,  1808,  to  July,  1811;  surrogate 
from  March,  1808,  to  May,  1812;  member  of  the 
state  senate,  1813-1816;  moved  to  Ellicottville, 
Cattaragus  county  in  1814;  member  of  the  state 
senate  from  July  1812  to  July  1816;  elected  to  the 
Fourteenth  Congress  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  the 
resignation  of  Peter  B.  Porter,  and  served  from 
December  2,  1816,  to  March  3,  1817;  died  in  Clar- 
ence, N.  Y.,  December  4,  1821. 

Clarke,  Bayard,  a  Representative  from  New 
York;  born  in  New  York  City,  March  17,  1815;  was 
graduated  from  Geneva  college  in  1835;  studied  law 
and  was  admitted  to  practice;  attache  to  Gen.  Cass, 
minister  to  France,  1836-1840;  student  in  the 
Royal  cavalry  school;  appointed  second  lieuten- 
ant in  the  eighth  infantry,  March  3,  1841;  trans- 
ferred to  the  second  dragoons  in  September,  1841, 
and  resigned  December  15,  1843;  settled  in  West- 
chester  county,  N.  Y.;  elected  as  an  American 
Whig  to  the  Thirty-fourth  Congress  (March  4, 1855- 
March  3,  1857);  died  in  the  Adirondacks,  N.  Y., 
June  21,  1884. 

Clarke,  Beverly  Leonidas,  a  Representative 
from  Kentucky;  born  in  Winterfield,  Chesterfield 
county,  Va.,  February  11,  1809;  moved  to  Ken- 
tucky in  1823;  studied  law  in  Franklin,  Ky.,  and 
was  graduated  from  the  Lexington  law  school  in 
1831;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1833,  and  began 
practice  in  Franklin,  Ky.;  member  of  the  state 


house  of  representatives  in  1841  and  1842;  delegate 
to  the  state  constitutional  convention  in  1849; 
elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Thirtieth  Congress 
(March  4, 1847-March  3, 1849);  member  of  the  state 
constitutional  convention  of  1849;  defeated  as  the 
Democratic  nominee  for  governor  in  1855;  appoint- 
ed by  President  Buchanan  minister  to  Guatemala, 
and  was  also  accredited  to  Honduras,  served  from 
January  7,  1858,  until  his  death  in  Guatemala, 
C.  A.,  March  17, 1860;  interment  in  Frankfort,  Ky. 

Clarke,  Charles  Ezra,  a  Representative  from 
New  York;  born  in  Saybrook,  Conn.,  April  8, 
1790;  completed  preparatory  studies  and  was 
graduated  from  Yale  college;  studied  law,  was 
admitted  to  the  bar  and  commenced  practice  in 
Watertown,  N.  Y.;  moved  to  Great  Bend,  N.  Y., 
in  1840;  member  of  the  state  house  of  representa- 
tives 1839-40;  elected  as  a  Whig  to  the  Thirty- 
first  Congress  (March  4,  1849-March  3, 1851);  died 
in  Great  Bend,  N.  Y.,  December  29,  1863. 

Clarke,  Daniel,  a  Delegate  from  Orleans  Terri- 
tory; a  resident  of  New  Orleans;  elected  a  Dele- 
gate to  the  Ninth  and  Tenth  Congresses  and  served 
from  December  1,  1806,  to  March  3,  1809. 

Clarke,  Frank  Gay,  a  Representative  from 
New  Hampshire;  born  in  Wilton,  N.  H.,  Septem- 
ber 10,  1850;  attended  Kimball  Union  academy, 
Meriden,  N.  H.,  and  Dartmouth  college;  admitted 
to  the  bar  in  1876,  and  practiced  law  in  Peterborp; 
member  of  the  state  house  of  representatives  in 
1885,  of  the  state  senate  in  1889;  reelected  to  the 
former  in  1891,  and  chosen  speaker  of  that  body; 
appointed  colonel  on  the  military  staff  of  Gov. 
Hale,  and  served  in  that  capacity  from  1885  to 
1887;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Fifty-fifth 
and  Fifty-sixth  Congresses  (March  4,  1897-March  3, 
1901);  died  in  Peterboro,  N.  H.,  January  9,  1901. 

Clarke,  Freeman,  a  Representative  from  New 
York;  born  in  Troy,  N.  Y.,  March  22,  1809; 
completed  academic  studies;  engaged  in  mercan- 
tile business  in  1837;  began  his  financial  career  as 
cashier  of  the  Bank  of  Orleans,  Albion,  N.  Y.; 
moved  to  Rochester,  N.  Y.,  in  1845;  became  di- 
rector and  president  of  numerous  banks,  railroads, 
telegraph  and  trust  companies  of  Rochester  and 
New  York  City;  in  1852  was  a  delegate  to  the  Whig 
national  convention;  in  1854  was  vice  president  of 
the  first  Republican  state  convention  pi  New  York; 
presidential  elector  in  1856;  appointed  Comp- 
troller of  the  Currency  in  1865;  member  of  the 
State  constitutional  convention  of  1867;  elected 
as  a  Republican  to  the  Thirty-eighth  Congress 
(March  4,  1863-March  3,  1865);  reelected  to  the 
Forty-second  and  Forty-third  Congresses  (March  4, 
1871-March  3,  1875);  died  in  Rochester,  N.  Y., 
June  24,  1887. 

Clarke,  James  P.,  a  Senator  from  Arkansas; 
born  in  Yazoo  City,  Yazoo  county,  Miss.,  August 
18, 1854;  attended  the  common  schools  and  several 
academies  in  Mississippi;  studied  law  and  was 
graduated  from  the  University  of  Virginia  in  1878; 
was  admitted  to  the  bar  and  began  practice  in 
Helena,  Ark.,  in  1879;  elected  to  the  house  of 
representatives  of  Arkansas  in  1886;  member  of 
the  state  senate  1888-1892,  and  served  as  president 
of  that  body  in  1891  and  ex  officio  lieutenant 
governor;  was  elected  attorney  general  of  Arkan- 
sas in  1892  and  declined  a  renomination ;  elected 
governor  of  Arkansas  in  1894;  moved  to  Little 
Rock,  Ark.,  and  resumed  the  practice  of  law; 


550 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 


elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  United  States  Senate 
and  took  his  seat  March  4,  1903;  reelected  in  1909 
for  the  term  ending  March  3,  1915. 

Clarke,  John  Blades,  a  Representative  from 
Kentucky;  born  near  Augusta,  Bracken  county, 
Ky.,  April  14,  1833;  attended  the  preparatory 
schools  of  Augusta;  studied  law,  and  in  1854  was  ad- 
mitted to  the  bar;  attorney  of  Bracken  county  1858- 
1862;  elected  to  the  state  senate  in  1867;  elected  as  a 
Democrat  to  the  Forty-fourth  and  Forty-fifth  Con- 
gresses (March  4,  1875-March  3,  1879);  died  in 
Brooksville,  Bracken  county,  Ky.,  May  23,  1911. 

Clarke,  John  Hopkins,  a  Senator  from  Rhode 
Island;  born  in  Elizabeth,  N.  J.,  April  1,  1789;  was 

Saduated  from  Brown  university  in  1809;  studied 
w,  was  admitted  to  the  bar  and  commenced 
practice  in  Providence  in  1812;  clerk  of  the  su- 
preme court  of  Providence  county  in  1813;  engaged 
in  manufacturing  in  Cranston,  R.  I.,  until  1824, 
when  he  became  a  manufacturer  in  Providence; 
member  of  the  state  house  of  representatives; 
elected  as  a  Whig  to  the  United  States  Senate 
and  served  from  March  4,  1847,  to  March  3,  1853; 
died  in  Providence,  R.  I.,  November  23,  1870. 

Clarke,  Reader  Wright,  a  Representative  from 
Ohio;  born  in  Bethel,  Ohio,  May  18,  1812;  learned 
the  art  of  printing;  studied  law  and  practiced; 
published  a  Whig  paper  in  Shawneetown,  111.,  for  a 
few  years,  but  returned  to  Batavia,  Ohio;  member 
of  the  Ohio  legislature  in  1840,  1841-42;  presiden- 
tial elector  in  1844;  clerk  of  the  court  of  Cler- 
mont  county  1846-1852;  elected  as  a  Republican 
to  the  Thirty-ninth  and  Fortieth  Congresses  (March 
4,  1865-March  3,  1869);  appointed  by  President 
Grant  Third  Auditor  of  the  Treasury  and  served 
from  March  26,  1869,  to  March  26,  1870;  appointed 
collector  of  internal  revenue  in  Ohio;  died  in  Ba- 
tavia, Ohio,  May  23,  1872. 

Clarke,  Richard  Henry,  a  Representative  from 
Alabama;  born  in  Marengo  county,  Ala.,  February 
9,  1843;  was  graduated  from  the  University  of  Ala- 
bama in  July,  1861;  served  in  the  Confederate 
army  as  lieutenant  in  the  first  battalion  of  Ala- 
bama artillery;  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1867;  state 
solicitor  (prosecuting  attorney)  for  Marengo  county, 
1872-1876;  prosecuting  attorney  of  the  seventh 
judicial  circuit  1876-77^;  elected  as  a  Democrat 
to  the  Fifty-first,  Fifty-second,  Fifty-third,  and 
Fifty-fourth  Congresses  (March  4,  1889-March  3, 
1897);  died  in  St.  Louis,  Mo.,  September  26,  1906. 

Clarke,  Sidney,  a  Representative  from  Kansas; 
born  in  Southbridge,  Mass.,  October  16,  1831;  at- 
tended the  public  schools;  publisher  of  the  South- 
bridge  Press;  went  to  Kansas;  served  in  the 
state  legislature  in  1862;  captain  and  assistant 
provost  marshal  general  in  the  Civil  War;  elected 
as  a  Republican  to  the  Thirty-ninth,  Fortieth,  and 
Forty-first  Congresses  (March  4, 1865-March  3, 1871) ; 
was  speaker  of  the  Kansas  house  of  representatives 
in  1879;  moved  to  Oklahoma  and  served  several 
terms  in  the  territorial  council;  died  in  Oklahoma 
City,  June  18,  1909. 

Clarke,  Staley  Nichols,  a  Representative  from 
New  York;  born  in  Prince  George  county,  Md., 
May  29,  1794;  county  treasurer  of  Cattaragus 
county,  1824-1841;  elected  as  a  Whig  to  the 
Twenty-seventh  Congress  (March  4,  1841-March  3, 
1843);  declined  renomination;  died  in  Ellicott- 
ville,  N.  Y.,  October  14,  1860. 


Clarkson,  Matthew,  a  Delegate  from  Pennsyl- 
vania; born  in  New  York  City  in  April,  1733; 
moved  to  Philadelphia,  Pa.;  was  justice  of  the 
court  of  common  pleas,  quarter  sessions  of  the 
peace,  and  the  Philadelpha  orphans'  court  1771- 
1772;  was  elected  to  the  Continental  Congress  in 
1785,  but  did  not  accompany  the  other  Pennsyl- 
vania delegates  to  New  York,  and  may  not  have 
served;  alderman  in  1789:  mayor  of  Philadelphia 
1792-1796;  died  in  Philadelphia,  Pa.,  October  5, 
1800. 

Clawson,  Isaiah  Dunn,  a  Representative  from 
New  Jersey;  born  in  Woodstown,  N.  J.,  March  30, 
1822;  was  graduated  from  Princeton  college,  1840; 
studied  medicine  and  was  graduated  from  the 
medical  school  of  the  University  of  Pennsylvania 
in  1843;  commenced  practice  in  Woodstown,  N.  J.; 
member  of  the  state  house  of  representatives  in 
1853;  elected  as  a  Whig  to  the  Thirty-fourth  and 
Thirty-fifth  Congresses  (March  4,  1855-March  3, 
1859);  died  in  Woodstown,  N.  J.,  October  9, 1879. 

Clay,  Alexander  Stephens,  a  Senator  from 
Georgia;  born  in  Cobb  county,  Ga.,  September 
25,  1853;  attended  the  primary  and  preparatory 
schools  and  the  high  school  of  Palmetto,  Ga.;  was 
graduated  from  Hiawassee  college  in  1875;  studied 
law  and  admitted  to  the  bar  in  September,  1877, 
and  practiced;  member  of  the  city  council  in  1880 
and  1881;  represented  Cobb  county  in  the  general 
assembly  of  the  state  in  1884-85  and  1886-87;  in 
the  latter  term  was  speaker  pro  tempore;  reelected 
for  1889-90.  and  served  as  speaker  two  years; 
elected  to  the  state  senate  in  1892  and  was  presi- 
dent of  that  body  two  years;  elected  as  a  Democrat 
to  the  United  States  Senate;  reelected  in  1902  and 
1907  and  served  from  March  4, 1897,  until  his  death 
in  Atlanta,  Ga.,  November  13,  1910. 

Clay,  Brutus  Junius,  a  Representative  from 
Kentucky;  born  in  Madison  county,  Ky.,  July  1, 
1808;  attended  Danville  college;  member  of  the 
state  house  of  representatives  in  1840  and  1860; 
elected  as  a  Unionist  to  the  Thirty-eighth  Congress 
(March  4,  1863-March  3,  1865);  after  his  retirement 
from  Congress  devoted  himself  to  agricultural  pur- 
suits; died  near  Paris,  Ky.,  October  8,  1878. 

Clay,  Clement  Comer,  a  Representative  and  a 
Senator  from  Alabama;  born  in  Halifax  county, 
Va.,  December  17,  1789;  moved  with  parents  to  a 
farm  near  Knoxville,  Tenn.,  when  a  child;  at- 
tended the  public  schools  and  was  graduated  from 
the  East  Tennessee  university  in  1807 ;  studied  law 
and  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1809;  in  1811  moved 
to  Huntsville,  Ala.,  where  he  commenced  practice; 
served  in  the  war  against  the  Creek  Indians  in  1813; 
member  of  the  territorial  council  of  Alabama  in 
1817-18;  elected  a  judge  of  the  circuit  court  in  1819, 
and  chief  justice  in  1820;  resigned  in  1823;  member 
of  the  state  legislature  in  1827  and  was  speaker 
of  the  lower  house;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the 
Twenty-first  Congress  (March  4,  1829-March  3, 
1831);  governor  of  Alabama  1836-37;  elected 
United  States  Senator  to  fill  the  vacancy  caused 
by  the  resignation  of  John  McKinley,  and  served 
from  September  .4,  1837,  until  1841,  when  he 
resigned;  judge  of  the  supreme  court  in  1843;  codi- 
fied the  laws  of  Alabama  1842-43;  died  in  Hunts- 
ville, Ala.,  September  9,  1866. 

Clay,  Clement  Claiborne,  a  Senator  from  Ala- 
bama; born  in  Huntsville,  Ala.,  in  December,  1817; 
was  graduated  from  the  University  of  Alabama  in 
1834;  studied  law  at  the  University  of  Virginia,  and 


BIOGKAPHIES. 


551 


was  graduated  in  1839;  commenced  practice  in 
Huntsville,  Ala.,  in  1840;  member  of  state  house 
of  representatives  in  1842, 1844,  and  1845;  judge  of 
the  county  court  of  Madison  county  1846-1848; 
presidential  elector  on  the  Pierce  and  King  ticket 
in  1852;  elected  to  the  United  States  Senate  as  a 
Democrat  in  1853,  and  unanimously  reelected  in 
1859;  served  from  March  4,  1853,  to  January  21, 
1861,  when,  with  four  of  his  colleagues,  he  with- 
drew from  the  Senate;  his  seat  was  declared  vacant 
by  resolution  of  March  14,  1861  (special  session 
of  the  Senate) ;  member  of  the  Confederate  senate 
1861-3863;  appointed  a  diplomatic  agent  of  the 
Confederacy;  arrested  and  imprisoned  in  Fort 
Monroe  in  1865;  settled  on  his  plantation,  Jackson 
county,  Ala.,  and  devoted  himself  to  agriculture 
and  to  the  practice  of  law;  died  in  Hunstville, 
Ala.,  Januarys,  1882. 

Clay,  Henry,  a  Representative  and  a  Senator 
from  Kentucky;  born  in  Hanover  county,  Va., 
April  12, 1777;  attended  public  schools,  and  studied 
law  in  Richmond,  Va. ;  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1797, 
and  commenced  practice  in  Lexington,  Ky.;  mem- 
ber of  the  state  house  of  representatives  in  1803 ; 
elected  a  United  States  Senator  to  fill  the  vacancy 
caused  by  the  resignation  of  John  Adair;  served 
from  November  19,  1806,  to  March  3,  1807;  again  a 
member  of  the  state  house  of  representatives  1808- 
1809,  and  served  as  speaker  the  last  year;  again 
elected  United  States  Senator  to  fill  the  vacancy 
caused  by  the  resignation  of  Buckner  Thruston, 
and  served  from  January  4,  1810,  to  March  3,  1811; 
elected  a  Representative  to  the  Twelfth  and  Thir- 
teenth Congresses  (March  4,  1811-March  3,  1815); 
was  Speaker  of  the  Ho  use  from  November  4, 1811,  to 
January  19,  1814,  when  he  resigned;  appointed  one 
of  the  commissioners  to  negotiate  a  treaty  of  peace 
with  Great  Britain;  reelected  to  the  Fourteenth, 
Fifteenth,  and  Sixteenth  Congresses,  and  served  as 
Speaker  from  December  4,  1815,  until  October  28, 
1820,  when  he  resigned;  elected  to  the  Eighteenth 
Congress  (March  4, 1823-March  3, 1825) ;  was  Speaker 
from  December  1,  1823,  until  the  end  of  the  Con- 
gress; appointed  by  President  John  Quincy  Adams 
Secretary  of  State  and  served  from  March  7,  1825 
to  March  3,  1829;  again  elected  to  the  United 
States  Senate;  reelected,  and  served  from  March 
4,  1831,  to  March  31,  1842,  when  he  resigned; 
defeated  as  the  Whig  candidate  for  President  by 
Andrew  Jackson  in  1832,  and  again  by  James  K. 
Polk  in  1844;  again  elected  to  the  United  States 
Senate  and  served  from  March  4,  1849,  until  his 
death  in  Washington,  D.  C.,  June  29,  1852. 

Clay,  James  Brown,  a  Representative  from 
Kentucky;  born  in  Washington,  D.  C.,  November  9, 
1817;  attended  Transylvania  university;  clerk  in  a 
countinghouse  in  Boston  1832-1834;  studied  law  at 
the  Lexington  law  school,  was  admitted  to  the  bar, 
and  practiced;  charge1  d'affaires  to  Portugal  from 
August  1,  1849,  to  July  19,  1850;  resident  of  Mis- 
souri 1851-1852;  returned  to  Kentucky;  elected  as  a 
Democrat  to  the  Thirty-fifth  Congress  (March  4, 
1857-March  3,  1859);  member  of  the  peace  confer- 
ence of  1861;  identified  himself  with  the  Confed- 
eracy; died  in  Montreal,  Canada,  January  26,  1864. 

Clay,  James  Franklin,  a  Representative  from 
Kentucky;  born  in  Henderson,  Ky.,  October  29, 
1840;  was  graduated  from  Georgetown  college, 
Kentucky  in  June,  1860;  licensed  to  practice  law 
June,  1862;  elected  to  the  state  senate  August, 
1870;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Forty-eighth 
Congress  (March  4,  1883-March  3,  1885);  resumed 
the  practice  of  law  in  Henderson,  Ky. 


Clay,  Joseph,  a  Delegate  from  Georgia;  born  in 
Beverly,  Yorkshire,  England,  October  16,  1741; 
came  to  Savannah,  Ga.,  in  1760  and  engaged  in  a 
general  commission  business;  elected  a  member 
of  the  council  of  safety  June  22,  1775;  delegate  to 
the  Provincial  Congress  which  met  in  Savannah 
July  4, 1775;  major  in  the  Georgia  line  of  the  army; 
appointed  by  the  Continental  Congress  as  deputy 
paymaster  general  in  Georgia  with  rank  of  colonel 
August  6,  1777;  member  of  the  Continental  Con- 
gress 1778-1780;  original  trustee  of  Franklin«college 
in  Athens,  Ga. ;  elected  treasurer  of  Georgia  in  July, 
1782;  judge  of  the  United  States  court  for  the  dis- 
trict of  Georgia  1796-1801;  died  in  Savannah,  Ga., 
November  15,  1804. 

Clay,  Joseph,  a  Representative  from  Pennsyl- 
vania; born  in  Philadelphia,  Pa.,  July  24,  1769; 
elected  to  the  Eighth,  Ninth,  and  Tenth  Con- 
gresses; served  from  March  4,  1803,  to  1808,  when 
he  resigned  to  become  cashier  of  the  Farmers'  and 
Mechanics'  bank  of  Philadelphia;  died  in  Phila- 
delphia, Pa.,  August  27,  1811. 

Clay,  Matthew,  a  Representative  from  Vir- 
ginia; born  in  Halifax  county,  Va.,  March  25, 
1754;  served  in  the  Revolutionary  War  from  1776 
to  1783  as  a  lieutenant  and  quartermaster;  elected 
as  a  Democrat  to  the  Fifth,  Sixth,  Seventh, 
Eighth,  Ninth,  Tenth,  Eleventh,  and  Twelfth 
Congresses  (March  4,  1795-March  3,  1813);  died 
in  Halifax  county,  Va.,  1815. 

Clayton,  Augustine  Smith,  a  Representative 
from  Georgia;  born  in  Fredericksburg,  Va.,  No- 
vember 27,  1783;  moved  with  his  parents  to  Rich- 
mond county,  Ga.,  in  1784;  was  graduated  from 
Franklin  college  in  1804;  studied  law  and  com- 
menced practice  in  Franklin  county;  moved  to 
Athens;  selected  by  the  legislature  in  1810  to  com- 
pile the  statutes  of  Georgia  from  1800;  member  of 
the  state  legislature  and  served  in  both  houses; 
elected  a  judge  of  the  superior  court  in  1819-1825, 
and  1828-1831;  elected  as  a  State's  Rights  Demo- 
crat to  the  Twenty-second  Congress  to  fill  vacancy 
caused  by  the  resignation  of  Wilson  Lumpkin ;  re- 
elected  to  the  Twenty-third  Congress  and  served 
from  January  21,  1832,  to  March  3,  1835;  died  in 
Athens,  Ga.,  June  21,  1839. 

Clayton,  Bertram  Tracy,  a  Representative 
from  New  York;  born  in  Clayton,  Ala.,  October  19, 
1862;  attended  the  University  of  Alabama  and  was 
graduated  from  the  United  States  military  acad- 
emy June,  1886,  and  appointed  a  second  lieutenant 
in  the  eleventh  United  States  infantry;  served 
until  April  30,  1888,  then  resigned  to  go  into  busi- 
ness as  civil  engineer  in  Brooklyn;  mustered  into 
United  States  volunteer  service  as  captain  of  troop 
C,  New  York  volunteers,  May  20,  1898,  and  served 
through  the  Porto  Rican  campaign;  elected  as  a 
Democrat  to  the  Fifty-sixth  Congress  (March  4, 
1899-March  3,  1901);  an  officer  in  the  United 
States  Army;  quartermaster  and  disbursing  officer 
United  States  military  academy,  West  Point, 
N.  Y. 

Clayton,  Charles,  a  Representative  from  Cali- 
fornia; bom  in  Devonshire,  England,  October  5, 
1825;  attended  the  public  schools;  emigrated  to 
Wisconsin  in  1842;  went  to  Oregon  in  1847  and  in 
1848  to  San  Francisco,  Cal.;  alcalde  in  Santa  Clara 
1849-1850;  built  the  Santa  Clara  flour  mills  in  1852; 
removed  to  San  Francisco  in  1853;  engaged  in  the 
grain  and  flour  business;  member  of  the  state  legis- 


552 


CONGRESSIONAL   DIRECTOEY. 


lature  in  1863-1866;  member  of  the  board  of  super- 
visors of  San  Francisco,  Cal.,  1864-1869;  appointed 
surveyor  of  customs  of  the  port  and  district  by 
President  Grant  March  16, 1870;  elected  as  a  Repub- 
lican to  the  Forty-third  Congress  (March  4,  1873- 
March  3, 1875);  member  of  the  California  assembly; 
State  prison  director  1881-1882;  died  in  Oakland, 
Cal.,  October  4.  1885. 

Clayton,  Henry  De  Lamar,  a  Representative 
from  Alabama;  born  in  Barbour  county,  Ala., 
February  10  1857;  was  graduated  from  the  literary 
and  law  departments  of  the  University  of  Ala- 
bama; served  one  term  in  the  Alabama  legislature 
in  1890;  United  States  district  attorney  from  May, 
1893,  to  October,  1896;  Democratic  presidential 
elector  in  1888  and  1892;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to 
the  Fifty-fifth,  and  to  the  six  succeeding  Con- 
gresses (March  4,  1897-March  3,  1911).  Reelected 
to  the  Sixty-second  Congress. 

Clayton,  John  Middleton,  a  Senator  from 
Delaware;  born  in  Dagsboro,  Sussex  county,  Del., 
July  24,  1796;  pursued  preparatory  studies  at 
academies  in  Berlin,  Md.,  and  Milford,  Del.,  and 
was  graduated  from  Yale  college  in  1815;  studied 
law  at  the  Litchfield  law  school;  admitted  to  the 
bar  in  1819  and  commenced  practice  in  Dover; 
member  of  the  state  house  of  representatives  in 
1824;  secretary  of  state  of  Delaware;  elected  as  a 
Republican  to  the  United  States  Senate  in  1829; 
reelected  in  1835,  and  served  from  March  4,  1829, 
to  December  29,  1836,  when  he  resigned;  chief 
justice  of  Delaware  1837-1839;  again  elected  to  the 
United  States  Senate  and  served  from  March  4, 
1845,  until  February,  1849,  when  he  resigned; 
appointed  Secretary  of  State  by  President  Taylor 
and  served  from  March  7,  1849,  to  July  22,  1850; 
reelected  to  the  United  States  Senate  and  served 
from  March  4, 1853,  until  his  death  in  Dover,  Del., 
November  9,  1856. 

Clayton,  Joshua,  a  Senator  from  Delaware; 
born  at  Bohemia  Manor,  Cecil  county,  Md . ,  July  20, 
1744 ;  studied  medicine  in  Philadelphia  and  prac- 
ticed in  Middletown,  Del.;  in  1776  was  first  major 
in  the  Bohemia  battalion  of  the  Maryland  line  and 
was  aide  on  the  staff  of  Gen.  Washington  at  the 
battle  of  Brandy  wine;  delegate  in  the  Provincial 
Congress  1782-1784;  elected  a  member  of  the  state 
assembly  in  1785  and  1787;  judge  of  the  court  of 
appeals;  elected  state  treasurer  June  24,  1786; 
president  of  Delaware  from  May  30,  1789,  to  Janu- 
ary 13, 1793;  first  governor  of  Delaware  and  served 
from  January  13, 1793,  to  January  13,  1798;  elected 
to  the  United  States  Senate,  to  fill  vacancy  caused 
by  the  resignation  of  John  Vining  and  served  from 
January  19, 1798,  until  his  death  near  Middletown, 
Del.,  August  11,  1798;  interment  in  Bethel  ceme- 
tery, Cecil  county,  Md. 

Clayton,  Powell,  a  Senator  from  Arkansas; 
born  in  Bethel,  Delaware  county,  Pa.,  August  7, 
1833;  attended  the  common  schools  and  Partridge 
military  academy,  Bristol,  Pa.;  studied  civil 
engineering  in  Wilmington,  Del.,  and  practiced 
in  Leaven  worth,  Kans.;  city  engineer  in  1857; 
entered  the  Union  Army  in  Kansas  May  29,  1861, 
as  captain  in  the  first  Kansas  infantry;  appointed 
lieutenant  colonel  of  the  fifth  Kansas  cavalry 
December  28,  1861,  and  colonel  March  7,  1862; 
commissioned  brigadier  general  August  1,  1864; 
mustered  out  August  24,  1865;  moved  to  Arkansas 
and  became  a  planter;  elected  governor  in  1868; 
elected  United  States  Senator  as  a  Republican 


and  served  from  March  14,  1871,  to  March  3, 
1877;  took  up  his  residence  in  Little  Rock,  Ark.; 
member  of  Republican  national  committee  and 
attended  the  Republican  national  conventions 
from  1872  to  1896;  appointed  ambassador  to  Mexico 
in  1898;  retired,  and  a  resident  of  Washington, 
D.  C. 

Clayton,  Thomas,  a  Representative  and  a 
Senator  from  Delaware;  born  in  New  Castle,  Del., 
March  9,  1778;  studied  law  and  practiced  in  New 
Castle;  secretary  of  state  of  Delaware  in  1808;  state 
attorney  general  in  1810;  elected  to  the  Fourteenth 
Congress  (March  4,  1815-March  3,  1817);  member 
of  the  state  legislature  for  several  years;  elected 
a  United  States  Senator,  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by 
the  resignation  of  Caesar  A.  Rodney,  and  served 
from  January  8,  1824,  to  March  3,  1827;  chief  jus- 
tice of  the  court  of  common  pleas  of  Delaware 
in  1828;  chief  justice  of  the  superior  court  of  the 
state  in  1832;  reelected  to  the  United  States  Sen- 
ate, to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  the  resignation  of 
John  M.  Clayton,  and  served  from  January  9,  1837, 
to  March  3,  1847;  died  in  New  Castle,  Del.,  August 
21,  1854. 

Clemens,  Jeremiah,  a  Senator  from  Alabama ; 
born  in  Huntsville,  Ala.,  December  28,  1814;  was 
graduated  from  the  University  of  Alabama  in  1833 ; 
studied  law  at  the  Transylvania  university  and 
was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1834;  practiced  in  Hunts- 
ville; appointed  United  States  district  attorney 
for  the  northern  district  of  Alabama  in  1838; 
member  of  the  state  house  of  representatives,  1839- 
1841;  raised  a  company  of  riflemen  in  1842,  and 
served  in  the  Texas  War  of  Independence;  again  a 
member  of  the  state  house  of  representatives, 
1843^14;  served  in  the  Mexican  War  and  appointed 
major  of  the  thirteenth  United  States  infantry 
March  3,  1847;  promoted  to  lieutenant  colonel  of 
the  ninth  United  States  infantry  July  16, 1847;  ap- 
pointed chief  of  the  depot  of  purchases  in  Mexico  in 
1848;  elected  a  United  States  Senator  as  a  Demo- 
crat, to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  the  death  of  Dixon 
H.  Lewis,  and  served  from  November  30,  1849,  to 
March  3, 1853;  presidential  elector  in  1856  and  1860; 
moved  to  Memphis,  Tenn.,  and  became  editor  of 
the  Memphis  Eagle  and  Enquirer,  January  1,  1859; 
member  of  the  convention  in  which  Alabama  voted 
to  secede  from  the  Union  in  1861;  held  office  under 
the  Confederacy;  returned  to  Alabama,  and  died  in 
Huntsville,  May  21,  1865. 

Clemens,  Sherrard,  a  Representative  from 
Virginia;  born  in  Wheeling,  Va.,  April  28,  1820; 
attended  Washington  college  and  the  United  States 
military  academy;  studied  law  and  commenced 
practice  in  Wheeling;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the 
Thirty-second  Congress,  to  fill  the  vacancy  caused 
by  the  resignation  of  George  W.  Thompson,  and 
served  from  December  6,  1852,  to  March  3,  1853; 
presidential  elector  on  the  Buchanan  and  Breck- 
inridge  ticket  in  1856;  elected  to  the  Thirty-fifth 
and  Thirty-sixth  Congresses  (March  4,  1857-March 
3,  1861);  served  in  the  Confederate  army  and  at  its 
close  resumed  the  practice  of  law  in  Wheeling,  W. 
Va.;  moved  to  St.  Louis,  Mo.,  and  continued  the 
practice  of  law;  died  in  St.  Louis,  Mo.,  June  30, 
1881. 

Clements,  Andrew  Jackson,  a  Representative 
from  Tennessee;  born  in  Jackson  county,  Tenn.,  in 
1832;  attended  the  public  schools;  studied  medi- 
cine; was  graduated  from  the  University  of  Tennes- 
see in  1858  and  commenced  practice  in  Lafayette; 
elected  as  a  Unionist  to  the  Thirty-seventh  Con- 


BIOGRAPHIES. 


553 


gress  and  served  from  January  13,  1862,  to  March  3, 
1863;  member  of  the  state  house  of  representatives 
in  1866. 

Clements,  Isaac,  a  Representative  from  Illi- 
nois; born  in  Franklin  county,  Ind.,  March 31, 1837; 
was  graduated  from  the  Indiana  Ashbury  university 
at  Greencastle  in  1859;  studied  law  in  Greencastle; 
moved  to  Illinois  and  taught  school;  entered  the 
Union  Army  as  second  lieutenant  of  Company  G, 
ninth  Illinois  infantry,  in  July,  1861;  remained  in 
the  service  over  three  years;  was  twice  promoted; 
appointed  register  in  bankruptcy  in  June,  1867; 
elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Forty-third  Congress 
(March  4,  1873-March  3,  1875);  appointed  a  United 
States  penitentiary  commissioner  in  1877;  pension 
agent  in  1890;  a  resident  of  Normal,  111.,  in  1899; 
governor  of  the  National  home  for  disabled  volun- 
teer soldiers,  Danville,  111.;  died  while  serving  at 
the  home,  May  31,  1909;  interment  in  the  National 
home  cemetery. 

Clements,  Judson  Claudius,  a  Representative 
from  Georgia;  born  in  Walker  county,  Ga.,  Febru- 
ary 12,  1846;  attended  the  schools  of  that  county, 
also  the  department  of  law,  Cumberland  university, 
at  Lebanon,  Tenn.;  admitted  to  the  bar  and  began 
practice  in  1869  in  Lafayette,  Ga. ;  elected  a  repre- 
sentative to  the  general  assembly  of  Georgia  in 
1872  and  1874;  state  senator  in  1877;  elected  as  a 
Democrat  to  the  Forty-seventh,  Forty-eighth, 
.Forty-ninth,  Fiftieth,  and  Fifty-first  Congresses 
(March  4,  1881-March  3,  1891);  member  of  the  In- 
terstate Commerce  Commission,  with  residence  in 
Washington,  D.  C. 

Clements,  Newton  Nash,  a  Representative 
from  Alabama;  born  in  Tuscaloosa  county,  Ala., De- 
cember 23, 1837 ;  was  graduated  from  the  University 
of  Alabama  in  1858;  entered  Harvard  university, 
Cambridge,  Mass.,  1859;  studied  law  but  never 
practiced;  entered  the  Confederate  army  in  1861 
as  captain  in  the  twenty-sixth  Alabama  regiment, 
afterwards  the  fiftieth  Alabama  regiment;  suc- 
cessively promoted  major,  lieutenant  colonel,  and 
colonel;  member  state  house  of  representatives 
1870-1872,  1874-1878;  elected  speaker  of  the  house 
in  1876,  1877,  and  1878;  largely  interested  in  plant- 
ing and  cotton  manufactures;  elected  to  the  Forty- 
sixth  Congress  to  fill  the  vacancy  caused  by  the 
death  of  Burwell  B.  Lewis,  and  served  from  Decem- 
ber 8,  1880,  to  March  3,  1881;  died  in  Tuscaloosa, 
Ala.,  February  20,  1900. 

Clendenen,  David,  a  Representative  from 
Ohio;  a  citizen  of  Trumbull  county;  assistant  dis- 
trict paymaster,  United  States  army,  from  April  to 
December,  1814;  elected  to  the  Thirteenth  Con- 
gress, to  fill  the  vacancy  caused  by  the  resignation  of 
Reazin  Beall;  reelected  to  the  Fourteenth  Con- 
gress, and  served  from  December  22, 1814,  to  March 

3,  1817. 

Cleveland,  Chauncey  Pitch,  a  Representative 
from  Connecticut;  born  in  Canterbury,  Conn.,  Feb- 
ruary 16, 1799;  attended  the  public  schools;  studied 
law  and  in  1819  was  admitted  to  the  bar;  elected  in 
1826  to  the  state  legislature  and  served  12  years; 
speaker  in  1836, 1838,  and  1863;  appointed  attorney 
for  the  state  in  1832;  state  bank  commissioner  in 
1838;  in  June,  1841,  moved  to  Norwich,  Conn.; 
governor  1842-43;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the 
Thirty-first  and  Thirty-second  Congresses  (March 

4,  1849-March  3,  1853) ;  delegate  in  the  Republican 
national  conventions  of  1856  and  1860;  presidential 
elector  on  the  Lincoln  and  Hamlin  ticket  in  1860; 


member  of  the  peace  conference  in  1861;  speaker  of 
the  state  assembly  in  1863,  and  a^ain  a  member  of 
the  assembly  in  1866;  died  in  Hampton,  Conn., 
June  6,  1887. 

Cleveland,  Jesse  P.,  a  Representative  from 
Georgia;  born  in  Decatur,  Ga.;  elected  as  a  Union 
Democrat  to  the  Twenty-fourth  and  Twenty-fifth 
Congresses  (March  4,  1835-March  3,  1839);  moved 
to  Charleston,  S.  C.,  in  1839  and  engaged  in  busi- 
ness; died  in  Charleston,  S.  C.,  May  19, 1841. 

Cleveland,  Orestes,  a  Representative  from 
New  Jersey;  born  in  Duanesburg,  Schenectady 
county,  N.  Y.,  March  2,  1829;  attended  the  com- 
mon schools;  engaged  in  business  in  New  York  City 
and  was  afterwards  a  manufacturer  in  Jersey  City; 
elected  alderman  in  1861  and  president  of  the  board 
in  1862;  mayor  in  1864,  1865,  and  1866;-elected  as  a 
Democrat  to  the  Forty-first  Congress  (March  4, 
1869-March  3,  1871);  again  elected  mayor  of  Jersey 
City  in  1884,  1888,  and  1890;  died  in  Norwich,  Vt., 
March  30,  1896. 

Clever,  Charles  P.,  a  Delegate  from  New  Mex- 
ico Territory;  born  in  Cologne,  Prussia,  February  23, 
1830;  attended  the  Gynnasium  of  Cologne  and  the 
University  of  Bonn;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to 
the  bar,  and  commenced  practice  in  Santa  Fe,  N. 
Mex.;  held  several  territorial  offices;  presented 
credentials  as  a  member  elect  to  the  Fortieth  Con- 
gress, and  served  from  March  4,  1867  to  February 
20,  1869,  when  he  was  succeeded  by  J.  Francisco 
Chaves,  who  contested  his  election;  died  in  Tome, 
N.  Mex.,  in  1874. 

Clifford,  Nathan,  a  Representative  from 
Maine;  born  in  Rumney,  N.  H.,  August  18,  1803; 
was  graduated  from  Dartmouth  college;  studied 
law  and  commenced  practice  in  York  county 
in  1827;  member  of  the  state  house  of  repre- 
sentatives 1830-1834;  speaker  the  last  two  years; 
moved  to  Maine  and  was  attorney  general  1834- 
1838 ;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Twenty-sixth  and 
the  Twenty-seventh  Congresses  (March  4,  1839- 
March  3,  1843);  Attorney  General  of  the  United 
States  and  served  from  October  17,  1846,  to  March 
17, 1848;  commissioner  to  Mexico,  with  the  rank  of 
envoy  extraordinary  and  minister  plenipotentiary, 
from  March  18, 1848,  to  September  6, 1849;  resumed 
the  practice  of  law  in  Portland,  Me.;  appointed  as- 
sociate justice  of  the  Supreme  Court  of  the  United 
States  January  28,  1858,  and  served  until  his  death 
in  Cornish,  Me.,  July  25,  1881. 

Clift,  Joseph  Wales,  a  Representative  from 
Georgia;  born  in  North  Marshfield,  Mass.,  Septem- 
ber 30,  1837;  attended  the  common  schools  and 
Phillips  academy,  Exeter,  N.  H.;  was  graduated 
from  the  medical  school  of  Harvard  college  in  1862; 
immediately  entered  the  Union  Army  and  Was 
acting  surgeon  from  July  13, 1862,  to  August?, 1865; 
served  in  the  Army  of  the  Potomac  until  November 
18,  1866;  practiced,  medicine  in  Savannah,  Ga. ;  ap- 
pointed registrar  of  the  city  of  Savannah  by  Maj. 
Gen.  Pope  under  the  reconstruction  acts;  elected  as 
a  Republican  to  the  Fortieth  Congress  and  served 
from  July  25,  1868,  to  March  3,  1869;  died  in  Rock 
City  Falls,  N.  Y.,  May  2,  1908;  interment  in  North 
Marshfield^  Mass. 

Clinch,  Duncan  Lament,  a  Representative 
from  Georgia;  born  in  Edgecombe  county,  N.  C., 
April  6,  1787;  entered  the  United  States  Army  as 
first  lieutenant  of  the  third  infantry  July  1,  1808, 
and  attained  the  rank  of  brigadier  general  in  1829; 


554 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 


commanded  at  the  battle  of  Ouithlacoochee, 
against  the  Seminole  Indians,  December  31,  1835; 
resigned  September  21,  1836,  and  settled  on  a 
plantation  near  St.  Marys,  Ga.;  elected  as  a  Whig 
to  the  Twenty-eighth  Congress  to  fill  the  vacancy 
caused  by  the  death  of  John  Millen;  served  from 
February  15, 1844,  to  March  3, 1845;  died  in  Macon, 
Ga.,  November  27,  1849. 

Cline,  Cyrus,  a  Representative  from  Indiana; 
born  in  Richland  county,  Ohio,  July  12,  1856; 
moved  with  his  parents  to  Steuben  county,  Ind.; 
attended  the  Angola  high  school  and  was  graduated 
from  Hillsdale  -college,  Mich.,  in  1876;  superin- 
tendent of  schools  of  Steuben  county  1877-1883; 
studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar  and  began 
practice  in  Angola,  Ind.,  in  1884;  elected  as  a 
Democrat  to  the  Sixty-first  Congress  (March  4, 
1909-March  3,  1911).  Reelected  to  the  Sixty-second 
Congress. 

Clingan,  William,  a  Delegate  from  Pennsyl- 
vania; born  in  Pennsylvania;  sat  in  the  Conti- 
nental Congress  1777-1779. 

Clingman,  Thomas  Lanier,  a  Representative 
and  a  Senator  from  North  Carolina;  born  in  Hunt- 
ersville,  N.  C.,  July  27,  1812;  was  graduated  from 
the  university  of  North  Carolina  in  1832;  studied 
and  practiced  law;  elected  to  the  state  house  of 
commons  in  1835;  moved  to  Asheville,  Buncombe 
county,  in  1836;  elected  a  state  senator  in  1840; 
elected  as  a  Whig  to  the  Twenty-eighth  Congress 
(March  4,  1843-March  3,  1845);  defeated  for  re- 
election; reelected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Thirtieth, 
Thirty-first,  Thirty-second,  Thirty-third,  Thirty- 
fourth,  and  Thirty-fifth  Congresses  and  served  from 
March  4,  1847,  to  December  6,  1858,  when  he  re- 
signed; appointed  to  the  United  States  Senate  as  a 
Democrat  to  fill  the  vacancy  caused  by  the  resigna- 
tion of  Asa  Biggs;  was  reelected  and  served  from 
May  6,  1858,  to  January  21,  1861,  when  he  with- 
drew; formally  expelled  from  the  Senate  July  11, 
1861;  appointed  May  17,  1862,  brigadier  general  in 
the  Confederate  service  and  commanded  a  brigade 
composed  of  the  eighth,  thirty-first,  fifty-first, 
and  sixty-first  North  Carolina  infantry;  delegate  to 
the  Democratic  national  convention  of  1868;  ex- 
plored and  measured  mountain  peaks  and  devel- 
oped mineral  resources  of  several  regions;  died  in 
an  asylum  in  Morganton,  N.  C.,  November  3,  1897. 

Clinton,  De  Witt,  a  Senator  from  New  York; 
born  in  Napanock,  Ulster  county,  N.  Y.,  March  2, 
1769;  was  graduated  from  Columbia  college  in  1789; 
studied  law  and  admitted  to  practice;  private  secre- 
tary to  his  uncle,  Gov.  George  Clinton,  1790-1795; 
member  of  the  state  house  of  representatives  in 
1797,  and  state  senator  1798-1802;  member  of  the 
state  constitutional  convention  of  1801;  elected  to 
the  United  States  Senate  as  a  Democrat,  to  fill 
vacancy  caused  by  the  resignation  of  John  Arm- 
strong, and  served  from  February  9,  1802,  to  No- 
vember 11,  1803,  when  he  resigned ;  mayor  of  the 
city  of  New  York  1803-1807;  again  state  senator 
1806-1811;  again  mayor  of  the  city  of  New  York 
1810-11;  lieutenant  governor  of  New  York  1811- 
1813;  defeated  in  1812  as  the  peace  candidate  for 
President;  regent  of  the  university  of  New  York 
1808-1825;  again  mayor  of  the  city  of  New  York 
1813-1814;  initiated  the  Erie  canal  in  1815,  and 
served  several  years  as  canal  commissioner;  gov- 
ernor of  the  state  of  New  York  1817-1821  and  1825- 
1828;  declined  the  mission  to  England  offered  him 
by  President  Adams  in  1825;  died  in  Albany, 
N.  Y.,  February  11,  1828. 


Clinton,  George,  a  Delegate  from  New  York; 
born  in  Little  Britain,  New  Windsor,  Ulster 
county,  N.  Y.,  July  26,  1739;  completed  prepara- 
tory studies;  served  as  lieutenant  of  rangers  in  the 
expedition  against  Fort  Frontenac;  studied  law 
and  commenced  practice  in  Ulster  county;  clerk 
of  the  common  pleas  and  surveyor  of  New  Windsor; 
member  of  the  state  assembly  in  1768;  sat  in  the 
Continental  Congress  from  May  15,  1775,  to  July  8, 
1776,  when  he  was  ordered  by  Gen.  Washington  to 
take  the  field  as  brigadier  general  of  militia; 
appointed  brigadier  general  by  Congress  March  25, 
1777;  governor  of  New  York  1777-1795;  delegate  to 
the  state  convention  which  ratified  the  Federal 
Constitution,  and  was  its  president;  defeated  as  a 
State  Rights  candidate  for  the  Vice  Presidency  in 
1796;  member  of  the  state  house  of  representatives 
in  1800;  again  governor  1801-1804;  elected  Vice 
President  in  1804  as  a  States  Rights  Democrat; 
reelected  in  1808;  died  in  Washington,  D.  C., 
April  20,  1812. 

Clinton,  George,  jr.,  a  Representative  from 
New  York;  born  in  New  York  City;  member  of 
the  state  constitutional  convention  of  1801 ;  mem- 
ber of  the  state  assembly  1804-1805;  elected  to 
the  Eighth  Congress,  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  the 
resignation  of  Samuel  L.  Mitchill;  reelected  to  the 
Ninth  and  Tenth  Congresses,  and  served  from  Feb- 
ruary 14,  1805,  to  March  3,  1809. 

Clinton,  James  Graham,  a  Representative 
from  New  York;  born  in  Newburgh,  N.  Y.,  Jan- 
uary 2,  1804;  pursued  classical  studies;  studied  law 
and  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  practiced  in 
Newburgh;  held  several  public  offices  there; 
elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Twenty-seventh  and 
Twenty-eighth  Congresses  (March  4, 1841-March  3, 
1845);  died  in  Newburgh,  N.  Y.,  May  28,  1849. 

Clopton,  David,  a  Representative  from  Ala- 
bama; born  in  Putnam  county,  Ga.,  September  29, 
1820;  was  graduated  from  Randolph-Macon  college; 
studied  law  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1841; 
moved  to  Tuskegee,  Ala.,  in  1844;  elected  as  a 
States  Rights  Democrat  to  the  Thirty-sixth  Con- 
gress, and  served  from  March  4, 1859,  to  January  21, 
1861,  when  he  retired;  a  private  in  the  Confederate 
army  in  the  twelfth  Alabama  infantry  one  year; 
elected  a  Representative  to  the  First  and  Second 
Confederate  congresses  1862-1864;  appointed  judge 
of  the  supreme  court  of  Alabama  October  30,  1884; 
died  in  Montgomery,  Ala.,  February  5,  1892. 

Clopton,  John,  a  Representative  from  Virginia; 
born  in  St.  Peter's  parish,  Hanson  county,  Va., 
February  7,  1756;  was  graduated  from  the  Univer- 
sity of  Pennsylvania  in  1776;  was  captain  of  a  com- 
pany of  militia  in  the  Revolutionary  War  from  the 
date  of  his  graduation  from  the  university  until  the 
close  of  the  war  without  a  furlough  or  a  day's 
absence;  refused  promotions,  to  remain  with  his 
company  that  was  mainly  composed  of  relatives 
and  that  was  furnished  its  supplies  and  clothing  by 
his  father;  served  several  terms  in  the  Virginia 
legislature  between  1785  and  1795;  elected  as  a 
Democrat  to  the  Fourth  and  Fifth  Congresses 
(March  4,  1795-March  3,  1799);  and  to  the  Seventh, 
Eighth,  Ninth,  Tenth,  Eleventh,  Twelfth,  Thir- 
teenth, and  Fourteenth  Congresses;  served  from 
March  4, 1801,  until  his  death,  in  St.  Peter's  parish, 
Kent  county,  Va.,  September  11,  1816. 

Clover,  Benjamin  Hutchinson,  a  Represent- 
ative from  Kansas;  born  near  Jefferson,  Franklin 
county,  Ohio,  December  22,  1837;  attended  the 


BIOGRAPHIES. 


555 


common  schools;  held  many  local  offices;  elected 
by  the  Fanners'  Alliance  to  the  Fifty-second  Con- 
gress (March  4,  1891-March  3,  1893);  died  in  Doug- 
las, Butler  county,  Kans.,  December  30,  1899 

Clowney,  William  K.,  a  Representative  from 
South  Carolina;  born  in  Union  county,  S.  C.;  was 
graduated  from  the  South  Carolina  college  in  1818; 
studied  law  and  began  practice  in  Union ;  commis- 
sioner in  equity  of  South  Carolina  1830-1833; 
elected  as  a  Nullifier  to  the  Twenty-third  Congress 
(March  4, 1833-March  3, 1835);  reelected  as  a  States 
Rights  candidate  to  the  Twenty-fifth  Congress 
(March  4,  1837-March  3,  1839). 

Clunie,  Thomas  Jefferson,  a  Representative 
from  California;  born  in  St.  Johns,  Newfoundland, 
March  25,  1852;  emigrated  to  California;  returned 
to  Maine,  where  he  remained  a  few  years,  and  then 
went  back  to  California,  where  he  afterwards  re- 
sided; attended  the  public  schools;  studied  law, 
and  admitted  to  practice  in  Sacramento  in  1870; 
elected  to  the  legislature  in  1875}  delegate  at  large 
to  the  Democratic  National  convention  at  Chicago 
in  1884,  and  represented  California  Democrats  on 
the  committee  on  platform  and  resolutions;  served 
one  term  in  the  state  senate,  1887-1889;  elected  as 
a  Democrat  to  the  Fifty-first  Congress  (March  4, 
1889-March  3,  1891);  died  in  San  Francisco,  Cal., 
June  30,  1903;  interment  in  Sacramento,  Cal. 

Clymer,  George,  a  Delegate  and  a  Represent- 
ative from  Pennsylvania;  born  in  Philadelphia, 
Pa.,  March  16,  1739;  engaged  in  business;  captain 
of  a  volunteer  company  at  the  outbreak  of  hostili- 
ties with  Great  Britain,  and  member  of  the  com- 
mittee of  safety;  sat  in  the  Continental  Congress 
1776-1778  and  1780-1783;  a  signer  of  the  Declara- 
tion of  Independence;  member  of  the  state  legisla- 
ture 1785-1788;  delegate  to  the  convention  which 
framed  the  Federal  Constitution  in  1787;  elected 
to  the  First  Congress  (March  4,  1789-March  3, 
1791);  appointed  collector  of  excise  duties  in  1791, 
but  resigned  after  the  Whisky  Insurrection;  one 
of  the  commissioners  who  negotiated  a  treaty  with 
the  Cherokees  and  the  Creeks  June  29,  1796;  died 
in  Morrisville,  Pa.,  January  23,  1813. 

Clymer,  Hiester,  a  Representative  from  Penn- 
sylvania; born  in  Caernarvon  township,  Berks 
county,  Pa.,  November  3,  1827;  attended  primary 
schools  at  Reading,  and  was  graduated  from  Prince- 
ton college  in  1847 ;  studied  law  and  was  admitted 
to  the  bar  in  Berks  county  April  6,  1849,  and  prac- 
ticed there  until  1851,  when  he  removed  to  Potts- 
ville,  Schuylkill  county;  returned  to  Reading  in 
1856;  in  January,  1860,  he  represented  Berks  county 
in  the  board  of  revenue  commissioners  of  the  state ; 
same  year  he  represented  his  district  in  the  Demo- 
cratic national  convention  at  Charleston  and 
Baltimore;  member  of  the  state  senate  from  Octo- 
ber, 1860,  until  he  resigned  in  March,  1866;  de- 
feated as  the  Democratic  candidate  for  governor  in 
1866;  delegate  to  the  Democratic  national  conven- 
tion in  New  York  in  1868;  president  of  the  Demo- 
cratic state  convention  which  met  in  Reading  in 
May,  1872;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Forty-third, 
Forty-fourth,  Forty-fifth,  and  Forty-sixth  Con- 
gresses (March  4,  1873-March  3,  1881);  after  his 
retirement  from  Congress  was  president  of  the 
Union  Trust  Co.,  of  Philadelphia,  and  president  of 
the  Clymer  Iron  Co. ;  died  in  Reading,  Pa.,  June  12, 
1884. 

Cobb,  Amasa,  a  Representative  from  Wiscon- 
sin; born  in  Crawford  county,  111.,  September  27, 


1823;  attended  the  public  schools;  went  to  Wis- 
consin Territory  in  1842  and  engaged  in  lead 
mining;  served  in  the  Mexican  War  as  a  private 
in  the  United  States  Army;  studied  law,  was 
admitted  to  the  bar,  and  practiced;  district  at- 
torney 1850-1854;  member  of  the  state  senate 
1855-1856;  adjutant  general  1855-1858;  member 
of  the  state  house  of  representatives  1860-1861, 
and  served  as  speaker  the  last  year;  entered  the 
Union  Army  as  colonel  of  the  fifth  Wisconsin 
infantry  July  12,  1861;  colonel  forty-third  Wis- 
consin infantry  September  29,  1864;  brevet  briga- 
dier general  March  13,  1865,  "for  gallant  and  dis- 
tinguished services  at  the  battles  of  Williamsburg 
and  Goldin's  farm,  Va.,  and  Antietam,  Md."; 
mustered  out  June  24,  1865;  elected  as  a  Repub- 
lican to  the  Thirty-eighth,  Thirty-ninth,  Fortieth, 
and  Forty-first  Congresses  (March  4,  1863-March 
3,  1871);  moved  to  Lincoln,  Nebr.,  and  became  a 
justice  of  the  supreme  court  of  the  state;  died  in 
Los  Angeles,  Cal.,  July  5,  1905. 

Cobb,  Clinton  Levering,  a  Representative 
from  North  Carolina;  born  in  Elizabeth  City, 
N.  C.,  August  25,  1842;  was  graduated  from  the 
University  of  North  Carolina;  studied  law,  and 
in  1867  was  admitted  to  practice;  elected  as  a 
Republican  to  the  Forty-first,  Forty-second,  and 
Forty-third  Congresses  (March  4,  1869-March  3, 
1875);  defeated  for  reelection  to  the  Forty-fourth 
Congress;  resumed  the  practice  of  law  in  Eliza- 
beth City,  N.  C.,  and  died  there  April  30  ,1879. 

Cobb,  David,  a  Delegate  and  a  Representative 
from  Massachusetts;  born  in  Attleboro,  Mass., 
September  14,  1748;  was  graduated  from  Harvard 
college  in  1766;  studied  medicine  in  Boston,  and 
afterwards  practiced  in  Taunton,  Mass.;  member 
of  the  Provincial  Congress  in  1775;  lieutenant 
colonel  of  Jackson's  regiment  1777-78,  serving  in 
Rhode  Island  and  New  Jersey;  was  aid-de-camp 
on  the  staff  of  Gen.  Washington;  appointed  major 
general  of  militia  in  1786,  and  rendered  conspicu- 
ous service  during  Shay's  rebellion;  judge  of  the 
Bristol  county  court  of  common  pleas  1784-1796; 
speaker  of  the  Massachusetts  lower  house  1789- 
1793;  elected  as  a  Federalist  to  the  Third  Congress 
(March  4,  1793-March  3,  1795);  moved  to  Maine 
in  1796  and  devoted  himself  to  agriculture;  elected 
to  the  senate  of  Massachusetts  from  the  eastern 
district  of  Maine  in  1802  and  served  as  president; 
elected  to  the  state  council  in  1808;  lieutenant 
governor  in  1809;  member  of  the  board  of  military 
defense  in  1812;  chief  justice  of  the  Hancock 
county  court  of  common  pleas;  returned  to  Taun- 
ton, Mass.,  in  18.17,  where  he  died  April  17,  1830. 

Cobb,  George  Thomas,  a  Representative  from 
New  Jersey;  born  in  Morristown,  N.  J.,  October 
13,  1813;  received  a  limited  schooling,  entered 
the  Dover  iron  works  early  in  life,  engaged  in  the 
manufacture  of  iron  and  amassed  a  fortune;  held 
several  local  offices;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the 
Thirty-seventh  Congress  (March  4,  1861-March  3, 
1863);  became  a  Republican  and  as  such  was 
elected  a  state  senator  in  1865  and  in  1868;  was 
killed  in  an  accident  on  the  Chesapeake  &  Ohio 
railroad,  at  Jerry's  Run,  near  White  Sulphur 
Springs,  Va.,  August  6,  1870. 

Cobb,  Ho  well,  a  Representative  from  Georgia; 
born  in  Granville,  N.  C.,  in  1770;  moved  to  Georgia, 
where  he  engaged  in  agricultural  pursuits;  served  in 
the  United  States  Army  as  ensign  and  captain  from 
1793  to  1806;  elected  to  the  Tenth,  Eleventh,  and 
Twelfth  Congresses,  and  served  from  March  4, 


556 


CONGRESSIONAL   DIRECTORY. 


1807  to  1812,  when  he  resigned  to  accept  a  captain's 
commission  in  the  United  States  Army;  served 
through  the  War  of  1812 ;  after  the  war  resigned  and 
returned  to  his  plantation  in  Georgia,  where  he 
died  in  1820. 

Cobb,  Howell,  a  Representative  from  Georgia; 
born  in  Cherry  Hill,  Ga.,  September  7,  1815; 
removed  with  his  father  to  Athens,  Ga.,  when  a 
child;  was  graduated  from  Franklin  college  in  1834; 
studied  law,  and  in  1836  commenced  practice  in 
Athens,  Ga. ;  chosen  presidential  elector  on  the  Van 
Buren  and  Johnson  ticket  in  1836;  solicitor  general 
of  the  western  judicial  circuit  of  Georgia  1837-1841; 
elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Twenty-eighth, 
Twenty-ninth,  Thirtieth,  and  Thirty-first  Con- 

§resses  (March  4,  1845-March  3,  1851);  served  as 
peaker  in  the  Thirty-first  Congress;  governor  1851- 
1853;  elected  to  the  Thirty-fourth  Congress  (March 
4,  1855-March  3,  1857);  secretary  of  the  Treasury 
under  President  Buchanan,  and  served  from  March 
6, 1857,  until  December  10, 1860,  when  he  resigned; 
chairman  of  the  convention  of  delegates  from  the 
seceded  states  which  assembled  in  Montgomery, 
Ala.,  to  form  a  Confederate  government,  February 
24,  1861;  appointed  brigadier  general  in  the  Con- 
federate army  February  13,  1862,  and  promoted 
major  general  September  9,  1863;  surrendered  at 
Macon,  Ga.,  April  20, 1864;  died  in  New  York  City, 
October  9,  1868. 

Cobb,  James  Edward,  a  Representative  from 
Alabama;  born  in  Thomaston,  Upson  county,  Ga., 
October  5,  1835;  attended  the  town  schools;  was 
graduated  from  Emory  college,  Oxford,  Ga.,  in 
June,  1856;  after  being  admitted  to  the  practice 
of  law  moved  to  Texas  in  1857;  entered  the  Con- 
federate army  in  1861  as  lieutenant  in  company 
F,  fifth  Texas  regiment,  and  served  in  the  army 
of  Northern  Virginia  until  he  was  made  prisoner 
at  the  Battle  of  Gettysburg;  after  his  release 
located  in  Tuskegee,  Ala.,  and  practiced  law  until 
1874;  that  year  he  was  chosen  one  of  the  circuit 
judges  of  the  state;  reelected  in  1880  and  1886; 
before  qualifying  under  the  last  election  he  was 
elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Fiftieth,  Fifty-first, 
Fifty-second,  Fifty-third,  and  Fifty-fourth  Con- 
gresses, and  served  from  March  4,  1887,  to  April 
21,  1896,  when  he  was  succeeded  by  Albert  T. 
Goodwyn,  who  contested  his  election  to  the  Fifty- 
fourth  Congress;  after  leaving  Congress  he  resumed 
the  practice  of  law;  member  of  the  constitutional 
convention  of  Alabama  in  1901;  died  in  East  Las 
Vegas,  N.  Mex.,  June  2,  1903. 

Cobb,  Seth  Wallace,  a  Representative  from 
Missouri;  born  in  Southampton  county,  Va.,  De- 
cember 5,  1838;  attended  the  common  schools; 
joined  a  volunteer  company  from  his  native 
county  in  1861;  served  throughout  the  war  in  the 
Army  of  Northern  Virginia;  moved  to  St.  Louis, 
Mo.,  in  1867  and  engaged  in  business;  president 
of  the  merchant's  exchange  in  1886;  elected  as  a 
Democrat  to  the  Fifty-second,  Fifty-third,  and 
Fifty-fourth  Congresses  (March  4,  1891-March  3, 
1897);  vice  president  of  World's  Fair,  -St.  Louis, 
in  1904;  died  in  St.  Louis,  Mo.,  May  22,  1909. 

Cobb,  Stephen  Alonzo,  a  Representative  from 
Kansas;  born  in  Madison,  Me..  June  17,  1833;  at- 
tended the  common  schools;  moved  with  his  father 
to  Minnesota  in  1850 ;  studied  the  languages  and  pre- 
pared for  college;  entered  Beloit  college  in  1854, 
where  he  was  a  student  for  two  years ;  was  graduated 
from  Brown  university  in  1858;  settled  in  Wyan- 
dotte,  Kans.,  in  1859  and  commenced  the  practice 


of  law;  entered  the  Army  in  1862;  captain  and 
commissary  sergeant  of  volunteers  May  18,  1864; 
brevet  major  August  16,  1865,  "for  efficient  and 
meritorious  service;"  mustered  out  September 
23,  1865;  mayor  of  Wyandotte  1862  and  1868; 
member  of  the  state  senate  1862,  1869,  and  1870; 
speaker  of  the  Kansas  house  of  representatives  in 
1872;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Forty-third 
Congress  (March  4,  1873-March  3,  1875);  died  in 
Wyandotte  (Kansas  City),  Kans.,  August  24,  1878. 

Cobb,  Thomas  Heed,  a  Representative  from 
Indiana;  born  near  Fayette,  Lawrence  county, 
Ind.,  July  2,  1828;  attended  Bloomington  uni- 
versity; studied  and  practiced  law  in  Bedford, 
Ind.,  from  1853  until  1867,  when  he  moved  to 
Vincennes;  elected  to  the  state  senate  from  1858 
to  1866;  Democratic  candidate  for  elector  in  1868; 
president  of  the  Indiana  state  convention  in  1876; 
delegate  to  the  Democratic  national  convention 
at  St.  Louis  which  nominated  Tilden  and  Hen- 
dricks  in  1876;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Forty- 
fifth,  Forty-sixth,  Forty-seventh,  Forty-eighth, 
and  Forty-ninth  Congresses  (March  4,  1877-March 
3,  1887);  died  in  Vincennes,  Ind.,  June  23,  1892. 

Cobb,  Thomas  W.,  a  Representative  and  a 
Senator  from  Georgia;  born  in  Columbia  county, 
Ga.,  in  1784;  pursued  preparatory  studies;  studied 
law  and  practiced  in  Greensboro;  elected  to  the 
Fifteenth  and  Sixteenth  Congresses  (March  4, 1817- 
March  3,  1821);  reelected  to  the  Eighteenth  Con- 
gress, and  before  the  expiration  of  his  term  was 
elected  a  United  States  Senator  to  fill  vacancy 
caused  by  the  death  of  Nicholas  Ware,  and  served 
from  November  4,  1824,  to  1828,  when  he  resigned; 
chosen  a  judge  of  the  superior  court  of  Georgia; 
died  in  Greensboro,  Ga.,  February  1,  1830. 

Cobb,  Williamson  R.  W.,  a  Representative 
from  Alabama;  born  in  Rhea  county,  Tenn.,  June 
8,  1807;  moved  with  his  father  to  Madison  County, 
Ala.,  in  1809;  attended  the  public  schools;  mem- 
ber of  the  state  house  of  representatives  1845- 
1846;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Thirtieth  and 
to  the  six  succeeding  Congresses  and  served  from 
March  4,  1847,  until  January  21,  1861,  when  he 
resigned;  was  killed  by  the  accidental  discharge 
of  his  pistol  in  Belief onte,  Ala.,  November  1, 1864. 

Coburn,  Frank  Potter,  a  Representative  from 
Wisconsin;  born  in  Hamilton,  La  Crosse  county, 
Wis.,  December  6,  1858;  attended  the  public 
schools;  unsuccessful  Democratic  candidate  for 
Representative  in  1888 ;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the 
Fifty-second  Congress  (March  4,  1891-March  3, 
1893);  defeated  for  reelection  to  the  Fifty-third 
Congress;  retired  capitalist  and  resides  in  West 
Salem,  Wis. 

Coburn,  John.,  a  Representative  from  Indiana; 
born  in  Indianapolis,  Ind.,  October  27,  1825;  was 
graduated  from  Wabash  college  in  1840;  studied 
law,  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1849,  and  commenced 
practice  in  Indianapolis;  member  of  the  state 
house  of  representatives  in  1850;  judge  of  the  court 
of  common  pleas  1859-1861,  when  he  resigned; 
served  in  the  Union  Army;  colonel  of  the  thirty- 
third  Indiana  infantry  September  16,  1861 ;  brevet 
brigadier  general  of  volunteers  March  13,  1865, 
"for  gallant  and  meritorious  service  during  the 
war; "  mustered  out  September  20, 1864;  appointed 
the  first  secretary  of  Montana  Territory  in  March, 
1865,  but  resigned  at  once;  elected  judge  of  the 
fifth  judicial  circuit  of  Indiana  in  October,  1865, 
and  resigned  in  July,  1866;  elected  as  a  Republican 


BIOGRAPHIES. 


557 


to  the  Fortieth,  Forty-first,  Forty-second,  and 
Forty-third  Congresses  (March  4,  1867-March  3, 
1875);  appointed  justice  of  the  supreme  court  of 
Montana  Territory  by  President  Arthur,  February 
19,  1884,  and  served  until  December,  1885;  re- 
turned to  Indianapolis,  Ind.,  and  resumed  the 
practice  of  law;  died  in  Indianapolis,  Ind.,  Janu- 
ary 28,  1908. 

Coburn,  Stephen,  a  Representative  from 
Maine;  born  in  Bloomfield  (now  Skowhegan),  Me., 
November  11, 1817;  was  graduated  from  Waterville 
college,  Me.,  in  1839;  studied  law  and  was  admitted 
to  the  bar  in  1845,  and  practiced  in  Skowhegan;  was 
a  member  of  the  state  board  of  education  1849- 
1852;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Thirty-sixth 
Congress  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  the  resignation 
of  Israel  Washburn,  jr.,  and  served  from  January  2, 
1861,  to  March  3, 1861;  was  drowned  in  Skowhegan, 
Me.,  July  4,  1882. 

Cochran,  Alexander  Gilmore,  a  Representa- 
tive from  Pennsylvania;  born  in  Allegheny  City, 
Pa.,  March  20,  1846;  attended  the  public  schools 
and  Phillips  academy,  Andover,  Mass. ;  studied  law 
in  the  Columbia  law  school,  New  York  City; 
admitted  to  the  bar  in  1866,  practiced  in  Allegheny- 
City;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Forty-fourth 
Congress  (March  4,  1875-March  3,  1877);  moved  to 
St.  Louis,  Mo.,  in  1879,  and  continued  the  practice 
of  law. 

Cochran,  Charles  Fremont,  a  Representative 
from  Missouri;  born  in  Kirksville,  Adair  county, 
Mo. ;  resided  in  Atchison,  Kans.,  from  1860  to  1885; 
attended  the  common  schools;  practical  printer, 
newspaper  man,  and  a  lawyer;  served  four  years  as 
prosecuting  attorney  of  Atchison  county,  Kans., 
and  four  years  as  a  member  of  the  Missouri  senate; 
editor  and  publisher  of  the  Atchison  Patriot  in 
1868-69;  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1873,  and  practiced 
law  until  1885;  editor  of  the  St.  Joseph  (Mo.)  Ga- 
zette; elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Fifty-fifth, 
Fifty-sixth,  Fifty-seventh,  and  Fifty-eighth  Con- 
gresses (March  4,  1897-March  3,  1905);  died  in  St. 
Joseph,  Mo.,  1907. 

Cochran,  James,  a  Representative  from  New 
York;  born  in  Albany,  N.  Y.,  February  11,  1769; 
was  graduated  from  Columbia  college;  studied  law 
and  was  admitted  to  the  bar;  commissioned  major 
in  the  standing  army  by  President  John  Adams; 
was  elected  to  the  Fifth  Congress  (March  4,  1797- 
March  3,  1799);  state  senator  1814-1817;  moved  to 
Oswego,  N.  Y.,  in  1826;  postmaster  of  Oswego  1841- 
1845;  editor  of  the  Oswego  Democratic  Gazette  sev- 
eral years ;  was  regent  of  the  University  of  the  state 
of  New  York;  died  in  Oswego,  N.  Y.,  November  7, 
1848. 

Cochran,  James,  a  Representative  from  North 
Carolina;  born  in  North  Carolina;  attended  the 
public  schools;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Elev- 
enth and  Twelfth  Congresses  (March  4,  1809-March 
3,  1813). 

Cochrane,  Aaron  Van  Schaick,  a  Representa- 
tive from  New  York;  born  in  Coxsackie,  N.  Y., 
March  14,  1858;  attended  the  district  school  and 
Claverack  academy,  in  Claverack,  N.  Y.;  was 
graduated  from  Yale  college  in  1879;  moved  to 
Hudson  and  entered  on  the  study  and  practice  of 
law;  police  justice  of  Hudson  1887-1888;  district 
attorney  of  Columbia  county  1889-1892;  elected  as 
a  Republican  to  the  Fifty-fifth  and  Fifty-sixth 
Congresses  (March  4,  1897-March  3,  1901);  elected 


justice  supreme  court  of  New  York  for  term  ending 
in  1915. 

Cochrane,  Clark  Beaton,  a  Representative 
from  New  York;  born  in  New  Boston,  N.  H.,  May 
31, 1815;  moved  to  Montgomery  county,  N.  Y.;  was 
graduated  from  Union  college  in  1841;  studied  law 
and  practiced  in  Schenectady,  N.  Y.;  member  of 
the  state  house  of  representatives  1844  and  1845; 
elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Thirty-fifth  and 
Thirty-sixth  Congresses  (March  4,  1857-March  3, 
1861);  moved  to  Albany,  where  he  continued  the 
practice  of  law;  a  delegate  in  the  Republican 
national  convention  of  1864;  member  of  the  state 
house  of  representatives  in  1866;  died  in  Albany, 
N.  Y.,  March  5,  1867. 

Cochrane,  John,  a  Representative  from  New 
York;  born  in  Palatine,  N.  Y.,  August  27,  1813; 
was  graduated  from  Hamilton  college  in  1831; 
studied  law  and  commenced  practice  in  Palatine, 
Oswego,  and  Schenectady;  moved  to  New  York 
City  in  1846 ;  surveyor  of  the  port  of  New  York  1853- 
1857;  elected  as  a  State  Rights  Democrat  to  the 
Thirty-fifth  and  Thirty-sixth  Congresses  (March  4, 
1857-March  3, 1861) ;  member  of  the  Charleston-Bal- 
timore national  convention;  entered  the  Union 
Army  as  colonel  of  the  sixty-fifth  New  York  infantry 
June  11,  1861;  brigadier  general  July  17,  1862; 
resigned  February  25, 1863;  president  of  the  Cleve- 
land convention  in  1864,  which  nominated  him  for 
Vice  President  on  the  ticket  with  Fremont  for 
President;  attorney  general  of  New  York  1863- 
1865;  delegate  to  the  Liberal  Republican  national 
convention  in  1872;  appointed  collector  of  internal 
revenue  for  the  sixth  district  of  New  York  in  1869; 
declined  the  position  of  United  States  minister  to 
Uruguay  and  Paraguay  tendered  him  by  President 
Grant  in  1889;  died  in  New  York  City,  February  7, 
1898. 

Cocke,  John,  a  Representative  from  Tennessee; 
born  in  Brunswick,  Va.,  in  1772;  went  with  his 
parents  to  Tennessee,  where  he  attended  the  pub- 
lic schools;  studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar 
in  1793,  and  practiced;  member  of  the  state  senate 
and  house  of  representatives  for  several  years; 
speaker  of  the  house  in  1811  and  1837;  served  as 
major  general  of  Tennessee  Volunteers  in  the  Creek 
War  in  1813  and  as  colonel  of  a  regiment  of  Tennes- 
see riflemen,  under  Gen.  Jackson,  at  New  Orleans; 
elected  to  the  Sixteenth,  Seventeeth,  Eighteenth, 
and  Nineteenth  Congresses  (March  4,  1819-March 
3,  1827);  devoted  himself  to  agricultural  pursuits; 
founded  a  school  for  deaf  mutes  in  Knoxville, 
Tenn.;  died  in  Rutledge,  Tenn.,  February  16, 
1854. 

Cocke,  William,  a  Senator  from  Tennessee; 
bora  in  Amelia  county,  Va.,  in  1747;  pursued 
preparatory  studies ;  studied  law  and  practiced;  in 
company  with  Daniel  Boone  explored  the  territory 
of  east  Tennessee  and  western  Kentucky;  in  1776 
led  four  companies  of  Virginians  against  hostile 
Indians,  and  gave  them  a  crushing  defeat  at  Cocke's 
fort,  Tenn. ;  member  of  the  house  of  burgesses  and  a 
colonel  of  militia;  moved  to  Tennessee;  in  1796  was 
elected  one  of  the  first  United  States  Senators  from 
Tennessee,  and  served  from  August  2,  1796,  to 
March  3,  1797;  was  appointed  his  own  successor, 
as  there  had  been  no  election  by  the  legislature, 
and  served  under  this  appointment  from  March 
3,  1797,  to  September  26,  1797;  was  again  ap- 
pointed and  elected  a  United  States  Senator  and 
served  from  March  28,  1799,  to  March  3,  1805; 
appointed  judge  of  the  first  circuit  in  1809;  re- 


558 


CONGRESSIONAL   DIRECTORY. 


moved  to  Mississippi  and  was  elected  to  the  state 
legislature  in  1813;  appointed  by  President  Madi- 
son Indian  agent  for  the  Chickasaw  Nation  in  1814; 
died  in  Columbus,  Miss.,  August  22,  1828. 

Cocke,  William  Michael,  a  Representative 
from  Tennessee;  born  in  Rutledge,  Grainger 
county,  Tenn.,  July  16,  1815;  pursued  classical 
studies  (and  was  graduated  from  the  East  Tennes- 
see college  in  Knoxville;  studied  law  and  was  ad- 
mitted to  the  bar,  and  afterwards  practiced  in 
Rutledge  and  Nashville;  member  of  the  state  as- 
sembly; was  elected  to  the  Twenty -ninth  and 
Thirtieth  Congresses  (March  4,  1845-March  3, 
1849);  held  many  local  and  state  offices;  died  in 
Nashville,  Tenn.,  February  6,  1895. 

Cockerill,  Joseph  Randolph,  a  Representative 
from  Ohio;  born  in  Loudoun  county,  Va.,  January 
2,  1818;  moved  to  Adams  county,  Ohio,  in  1837, 
and  settled  in  Youngstown;  attended  the  public 
schools;  taught  school;  county  surveyor  in  1840; 
studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar  and  practiced 
in  West  Union,  Ohio;  clerk  of  the  court  of  com- 
mon pleas;  member  of  the  general  assembly; 
elected  to  the  Thirty -fifth  Congress  (March  4, 
1857-March  3,  1859);  enlisted  for  the  civil  war 
and  served  as  colonel  of  the  seventieth  Ohio 
volunteer  infantry;  brevetted  brigader-general  of 
volunteers,  March  13,  1865;  died  in  West  Union, 
Ohio,  October  23,  1875. 

Cockran,  William  Bourke,  a  Representative 
from  New  York;  born  in  County  Sligo,  Ireland, 
February  28,  1854;  was  educated  in  France  and  in 
his  native  country;  removed  to  America  when 
seventeen  years  of  age;  soon  after  his  arrival  re- 
ceived the  appointment  of  teacher  in  a  private 
academy;  principal  of  a  public  school  in  Westches- 
ter  county,  N.  Y.;  read  law,  and  was  admitted  to 
the  bar  in  1876;  a  member  of  the  Fiftieth  Congress 
(March  4, 1887-March3, 1889);  member  of  the  com- 
mission to  revise  the  judiciary  article  of  the  consti- 
tution of  the  state  of  New  York  in  1890;  elected  to 
the  Fifty-second  and  Fifty-third  Congresses  (March 
4,  1891-March  3,  1895);  at  a  special  election  held 
February  23,  1904,  he  was  elected  to  the  Fifty- 
eighth  Congress,  to  fill  the  vacancy  caused  by  the 
resignation  of  George  B.  McClellan,  andreelected 
to  the  Fifty-ninth  and  Sixtieth  Congresses  and 
served  from  March  9,  1904,  to  March  3,  1909;  re- 
sumed the  practice  of  law  in  New  York  City. 

Cockrell,  Francis  Marion,  a  Senator  from  Mis- 
souri; born  in  Johnson  county,  Mo.,  October  1, 
1834;  attended  the  common  schools  of  his  county; 
was  graduated  from  Chapel  Hill  college,  Lafayette 
county,  Mo.,  in  July,  1853;  studied  law,  was  ad- 
mitted to  the  bar  in  1855,  and  practiced  in  WTar- 
rensburg,  Mo.;  served  in  the  Confederate  army, 
rising  from  the  rank  of  captain  to  that  of  brigade 
commander;  appointed  brigader-general  July  18, 
1863;  captured  at  Fort  Blakeley,  Ala.,  April  9, 
1865;  paroled  May  14,  1865;  at  the  close  of  the 
Civil  War  returned  the  practice  of  law;  elected  as 
a  Democrat  to  the  United  States  Senate;  reelected 
four  times  and  served  from  March  4,  1875  until 
March  3,  1905;  appointed  Interstate  Commerce 
Commissioner  in  1905  by  President  Roosevelt,  and 
served  six  years;  in  1911  was  appointed  a  United 
States  commissioner  to  reestablish  the  boundary 
line  between  Texas  and  New  Mexico. 

Cockrell,  Jeremiah  Vardaman,  a  Represent- 
ative from  Texas;  born  in  Johnson  county,  Mo., 
May  7,  1832;  attended  common  schools  and  Chapel 


Hill  college;  went  to  California  in  1849  and  re- 
turned to  Missouri  in  1853;  engaged  in  farming  and 
read  law  prior  to  the  Civil  War;  entered  the  Con- 
federate army  and  served  through  the  war;  settled 
in  Grayson  county,  Tex.,  where  he  engaged  in 
farming  and' practiced  law  until  1882;  moved  to 
Jones  county;  appointed  district  judge  in  1885,  to 
which  position  he  was  elected  in  1886  and  reelected 
in  1890;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Fifty- third 
and  Fifty-fourth  Congresses  (March  4,  1893-March 

3,  1897);  engaged  in  stock  raising  in  Jones  county, 
Tex.;  a  resident  of  Abilene,  Tex. 

Cocks,  William  Willets,  a  Representative  from 
New  York;  born  in  Westbury,  Long  Island,  N.  Y., 
July  24,  1861;  attended  private  schools  and 
Swarthmore  college;  commissioner  of  highways  of 
the  town  of  North  Hempstead  in  1894,  and  re- 
elected;  elected  to  the  state  senate  in  1900;  in 
1903  elected  member  of  the  assembly;  elected  to 
the  Fifty-ninth,  Sixtieth,  and  Sixty-first  Congresses 
(March  4,  1905-March  3,  1911);  is  a  resident  of 
Westbury,  Long  Island,  N.  Y. 

Codding',  James  Hodge,  a  Representative  from 
Pennsylvania;  born  in  Pike  township,  Bradford 
county,  Pa.,  July  8,  1849;  moved  in  1854  to  To- 
wanda,  Pa. ;  attended  the  Susquehanna  collegiate 
institute,  and  in  1868  engaged  in  the  hardware 
business;  commenced  the  study  of  law  in  1876, 
admitted  to  the  bar  in  1878,  and  practiced;  elected 
as  a  Republican  to  the  Fifty-fourth  and  Fifty-fifth 
Congresses  (March  4,  1895-March  3,  1899);  moved 
to  New  York  City  in  1903;  grand  secretary  general 
of  the  northern  Masonic  jurisdiction  for  the  Scot- 
tish Rite  bodies. 

Coffee,  John,  a  Representative  from  Georgia; 
born  in  Prince  Edward  county,  Va.,  December 
3, 1782;  received  a  good  schooling;  moved  with  his 
father  to  Hancock  county,  Ga.,  in  1800;  member 
of  the  state  legislature  several  years;  general  of 
state  militia  of  Georgia  during  Indian  war;  cut 
road  through  the  state  of  Georgia  (called  Coffee 
road)  to  carry  munitions  of  war  to  Florida  to  fight 
the  Indians;  was  a  general  during  the  War  of  1812, 
and  served  with  General  Jackson  at  the  battle  of 
New  Orleans;  elected  to  the  Twenty-third  and 
Twenty-fourth  Congresses  and  served  from  March 

4,  1833,  until  his  death  near  Jacksonville,  Telfair 
county,  Ga.,  September  25,  1836. 

Coffeen,  Henry  Asa,  a  Representative  from 
Wyoming;  born  in  Gallia  county,  Ohio,  February 
14,  1841;  moved  with  his  parents  to  the  Wabash 
country  in  western  Indiana;  then  to  Champaign 
county,  111.,  in  1853;  was  graduated  from  the  scien- 
tific department  of  Abingdon  college  (afterwards 
consolidated  with  Eureka  college),  Illinois;  de- 
voted himself  to  teaching;  member  of  the  faculty  of 
Hiram  college,  Ohio;  moved  to  Sheridan,  Wyo.; 
delegate  for  Wyoming  in  the  World's  Fair  congress 
of  bankers  and  financiers,  at  Chicago,  in  June,  1893; 
member  of  the  constitutional  convention,  in  1889, 
that  framed  the  constitution  of  the  new  state  of 
Wyoming;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Fifty- third 
Congress  (March  4,  1893-March  3,  1895);  resumed 
literary  pursuits  in  Sheridan,  Wyo. 

Coffin,  Charles  Dustin,  a  Representative  from 
Ohio;  born  in  Newburyport,  Mass.,  September  9, 
1805 ;  moved  with  his  parents  to  Columbiana  county, 
Ohio;  studied  law,  admitted  to  the  bar  in  Septem- 
ber, 1823,  and  commenced  practice  in  New  Lisbon; 
clerk  of  the  courts  of  Columbiana  county  in  1828; 
was  elected  as  a  Whig  to  the  Twenty-fifth  Congress, 
to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  the  resignation  of  Andrew 


BIOGEAPHIES. 


559 


W.  Loomis,  and  served  from  December  20,  1837,  to 
March  3,  1839;  moved  to  Cincinnati,  Ohio,  in  1842, 
and  resumed  the  practice  of  law;  elected  judge  of 
the  superior  court  in  1845,  and  served  seven  years; 
was  appointed  to  the  same  position  by  Governor 
Denison  in  1861;  died  in  Cincinnati,  Ohio,  Febru- 
ary 28,  1880. 

Coffin,  Charles  Edward,  a  Representative  from 
Maryland;  born  in  Boston,  Mass.,  July  18,  1841; 
attended  the  Boston  grammar  and  high  schools; 
moved  to  Maryland  in  1863  and  made  his  home  in 
Muirkirk,  Prince  Georges  county;  took  charge  of 
the  iron  works  there  in  1865;  elected  to  the  house 
of  delegates  in  1884;  elected  a  member  of  the  state 
senate  in  1890  and  served  four  years;  elected  as  a 
Republican  to  the  Fifty-third  Congress,  to  fill 
vacancy  caused  by  the  resignation  of  Barnes  Comp- 
ton;  reelected  to  the  Fifty-fourth  Congress  and 
served  from  December  3,  1894,  to  March  3,  1897; 
retired,  and  a  resident  of  Muirkirk,  Md. 

Coffin,  Peleg,  jr.,  a  Representative  from 
Massachusetts;  born  in  Nan  tucket,  Mass.,  Novem- 
ber 3,  1756;  completed  academic  studies;  member 
state  house  of  representatives  1783,  1784,  and  1789; 
state  senator  1785,  1786,  1790-1792,  1795-1796; 
elected  to  the  Third  Congress  (March  4,  1793- 
March  3,  1795);  state  treasurer  and  state  senator 
1797-1802;  died  in  Boston,  Mass.,  March  6,  1805. 

Coffroth,  Alexander  Hamilton,  a  Representa- 
tive from  Pennsylvania;  born  in  Somerset,  Somerset 
county,  Pa.,  May  18,  1828;  attended  the  public 
schools  and  Somerset  academy;  publishing  a 
Democratic  paper  in  Somerset  for  five  years; 
studied  law,  admitted  to  the  bar  in  February,  1851, 
and  practiced;  frequently  a  delegate  to  Demo- 
cratic state  conventions,  and  was  delegate  to  the 
Democratic  national  convention  which  assembled 
in  Charleston  and  Baltimore  in  1860;  an  assessor  of 
internal  revenue  in  1867 ;  a  delegate  to  the  Dem- 
mocratic  national  convention  in  Baltimore  in 
1872;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Thirty-eighth 
and  Thirty-ninth  Congresses  (March  4,  1863- 
March  3,  1867);  reelected  to  the  Forty-sixth  Con- 
gress (March  4,  1879-March  3,  1881);  resumed  the 
practice  of  law  in  Somerset,  Pa. ;  died  in  Markle- 
ton,  Pa.,  September  2,  1906. 

Coghlan,  John  M.,  a  Representative  from 
California;  born  in  Louisville,  Ky.,  December  8, 
1835;  moved  with  his  parents  to  Illinois  in  1847, 
and  in  1850  emigrated  to  California;  studied  law 
and  practiced  in  Suisun  City;  member  of  the 
California  legislature  1865  and  1866;  elected  as  a 
Republican  to  the  Forty-second  Congress  (March 
4,  1871-March  3,  1873);  died  March  26,  1879. 

Cogswell,  William,  a  Representative  from 
Massachusetts;  born  in  Bradford,  Mass.,  August  23, 
1838;  attended  Phillips  academy,  Andover,  Mass., 
and  entered  Dartmouth  college  August  23,  1855; 
was  graduated  from  the  Dane  law  school,  Harvard 
university,  in  1860;  lawyer  by  profession;  mayor 
of  the  city  of  Salem,  Mass.,  in  1867, 1868, 1869, 1873, 
and  1874;  member  of  the  state  house  of  represent- 
atives 1870-71,  1881-1883,  and  member  of  the 
state  senate  1885-86;  served  in  the  Union  Army; 
captain  second  Massachusetts  infantry  May  11, 
1861;  lieutenant  colonel  October  23,  1862;  colonel 
June  25,  1863;  brevet  brigadier  general  of  volun- 
teers December  15,  1864;  mustered  out  July  24, 
1865;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Fiftieth, 
Fifty-first,  Fifty-second,  Fifty-third,  and  Fifty- 
fourth  Congresses,  and  served  from  March  4,  1887, 
until  his  death  in  Washington,  D.  C.,  May  22,  1895. 


Coit,  Joshua,  a  Representative  from  Connecti- 
cut; born  in  New  London,  Conn.,  October  7,  1758; 
was  graduated  from  Harvard  college  in  1776; 
studied  law,  and  in  1779  commenced  practice  in 
New  London;  member  of  the  state  house  of  repre- 
sentatives for  several  years;  elected  to  the  Third, 
Fourth,  and  Fifth  Congresses,  and  served  from 
March  4,  1793,  until  his  death  in  New  London, 
Conn.,  September  5,  1798. 

Coke,  Richard,  a  Senator  from  Texas;  born  in 
Williamsburg,  Va.,  March  13,  1829;  was  graduated 
from  William  and  Mary  college  in  1849;  studied  law 
and  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1850;  moved  in  1850 
to  Waco,  McLennan  county,  Tex.,  and  practiced 
his  profession;  served  in  the  Confederate  army  as 
private  and  afterwards  as  captain;  appointed  dis- 
trict judge  in  June,  1865;  elected  judge  of  the  state 
supreme  court  in  1866;  after  serving  one  year  was 
removed  by  Gen.  Sheridan  as  "an  impedinent  to 
reconstruction;"  resumed  the  practice  of  law; 
elected  governor  in  December,  1873,  reelected  in 
February,  1876;  resigned  December  1, 1877;  elected 
to  the  United  States  Senate  as  a  Democrat  in  1877; 
reelected  in  1883,  and  in  1889,  and  served  from 
March  4,  1877,  to  March  3,  1895;  died  in  Waco, 
Tex.,  May  14, 1897. 

Coke,  Richard,  jr.,  a  Representative  from  Vir- 
ginia; born  in  Williamsburg,  Va.,  about  1804; 
completed  preparatory  studies;  was  graduated 
from  Williams  and  Mary  college;  studied  law;  was 
admitted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced  practice  in 
Gloucester  county,  Va. ;  elected  as  a  Jackson  Demo- 
crat to  the  Twenty-first  and  Twenty-second  Con- 
gresses (March  4,  1829-March  3,  1833);  died  on  his 
estate,  "Abingdon,"  in  Gloucester  county,  Va., 
March  30,  1851. 

Colcock,  William  Ferguson,  a  Representative 
from  South  Carolina;  born  in  Beaufort,  S.  C., 
November  4,  1804;  was  graduated  from  South 
Carolina  college  in  1823;  studied  law,  was  admitted 
to  the  bar,  and  commenced  practice  in  Graham- 
ville,  S.  C.;  member  of  the  state  house  of  repre- 
sentatives several  years  and  served  two  years  as 
speaker;  collector  of  the  port  of  Charleston  pre- 
vious to  and  during  the  Civil  War;  elected  as  a 
Democrat  to  the  Thirty-first  and  Thirty-second 
Congresses  (March  4,  1849; — March  3,  1853);  mem- 
ber of  the  Democratic  national  convention  held  in 
Charleston  in  1860;  died  in  McPhersonville,  S.  C., 
June  13,  1889. 

Golden,  Cadwallader  David,  a  Representative 
from  New  York;  born  in  Flushing,  N.  Y.,  April  4, 
1759;  prepared  for  college  and  pursued  classical 
studies  in  London;  returned  to  the  United  States, 
in  1785;  studied  law  and  practiced  in  New  York 
City,  1791-1793;  moved  to  Poughkeepsie  in  1793, 
remained  there  three  years  and  then  relocated  in 
New  York  City;  appointed  district  attorney  in 
1798,  and  again  in  1810;  colonel  of  volunteers  in 
1812;  member  of  the  state  house  of  representatives 
in  1818;  mayor  of  the  city  of  New  York  in  1819; 
elected  to  the  Seventeenth  Congress,  having  suc- 
cessfully contested  the  election  of  Peter  Sharpe, 
and  served  from  December  12,  1821,  to  March  3, 
1823;  member  of  the  state  senate  1824  to  1827; 
died  in  Jersey  City,  N.  J.,  January  3,  1834. 

Cole,  Cornelius,  a  Representative  and  a  Sena- 
tor from  Calif ornia;  born  in  Lodi,  N.  Y.,  September 
17. 1822;  was  graduated  from  Wesleyan  university, 
Connecticut  in  1847;  studied  law  and  was  admitted 
to  the  bar  in  Auburn,  N.  Y.,  May  1,  1848;  went  to 


560 


CONGEESSIONAL  DIKECTOBY. 


California  in  1849,  and  after  working  a  year  in  the 
gold  mines  commenced  practice;  district  attorney 
of  Sacramento  city  and  county  1859-1862;  member 
of  the  Republican  national  committee  1856-1860; 
moved  to  Santa  Cruz;  elected  as  a  Union  Repub- 
lican to  the  Thirty-eighth  Congress  (March  4, 
1863-March  3,  1865);  elected  a  United  States 
Senator  and  served  from  March  4,  1867,  to  March  3, 
1873;  in  1880  moved  to  Colgrove,  Los  Angeles 
county,  Cal.,  and  retired  from  practice. 

Cole,  George  Edward,  a  Delegate  from  Wash- 
ington Territory;  born  in  Oneida  county,  N.  Y., 
December  23,  1826;  attended  the  public  schools 
and  Hobart  Hall  institute;  in  1849  moved  to 
Kentucky,  then  to  California,  and  then  to  Oregon; 
member  of  the  Oregon  house  of  representatives 
1852-1853;  clerk  of  the  United  States  courts  for 
the  district  of  Oregon  1859-60;  moved  to  Walla 
Walla,  Wash.  Ter.,  in  1860;  elected  as  a  Demo- 
«rat  to  the  Thirty-eighth  Congress  (March  4,  1863- 
March  3,  1865);  appointed  governor  of  the  Terri- 
tory by  President  Johnson  in  November,  1866, 
and  served  until  March  4,  1867;  returned  to 
Oregon  and  engaged  in  railroad  construction; 
appointed  postmaster  of  Portland.  Oreg.,  in  1873 
and  served  until  1881;  went  back  to  Washington 
and  was  elected  treasurer  of  Spokane  county;  died 
in  Portland,  Oreg.,  December  3,  1906. 

Cole,  Nathan,  a  Representative  from  Missouri; 
born  in  St.  Louis,  Mo.,  July  26,  1825;  attended  the 
city  schools,  and  Shurtleff  college,  111.;  engaged 
in  mercantile  pursuits  in  St.  Louis,  and  became 
vice-president  of  two  banking  institutions;  director 
of  a  number  of  insurance  and  other  corporations; 
mayor  of  St.  Louis,  1867-1871;  president  of  the 
Merchants'  exchange  in  1876;  elected  as  a  Repub- 
lican to  the  Forty-fifth  Congress  (March  4,  1877- 
March  3,  1879);  resumed  business  activities  in 
St.  Louis,  Mo. 

Cole,  Orsamus,  a  Representative  from  Wiscon- 
sin; born  in  Cazenovia,  Madison  county,  N.  Y., 
August  23,  1819;  was  graduated  from  Union  college 
in  1843;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in 
1845,  and  commenced  practice  in  Chicago,  111., 
but  soon  after  moved  to  Potosi,  Wis.;  member  of 
the  state  constitutional  convention  of  1847 ;  elected 
as  a  Whig  to  the  Thrity-first  Congress  (March  4, 
1849-March  3,  1851);  resumed  the  practice  of  law 
in  Potosi;  judge  of  the  state  supreme  court  1855- 
1880  and  was  chief  justice  from  April,  1881,  to 
January  4,  1892;  Died  in  Milwaukee,  Wis.,  May  5, 
1903. 

Cole,  Ralph  Dayton,  a  Representative  from 
Ohio;  born  in  Biglick  township,  Hancock  county, 
Ohio,  November  30,  1873;  attended  the  common 
schools;  was  graduated  from  Findlay  college  in 
1896;  in  1898  was  graduated  in  the  classical  course 
from  the  Northwestern  Ohio  normal  university  at 
Ada;  engaged  in  the  practice  of  law;  served  for 
two  years  as  deputy  clerk  of  Hancock  county;  in 
1899  elected  to  the  state  legislature,  and  reelected 
in  1901;  elected  to  the  Fifty-ninth,  Sixtieth,  and 
Sixty-first  Congresses  (March  4,  1905-March  3, 
1911);  resumed  the  practice  of  law  in  Findlay, 
Ohio. 

Cole,  William  H.,  a  Representative  from  Mary- 
land; born  in  Baltimore,  Md.,  January  11,  1837; 
practiced  law  for  a  short  time  and  then  studied 
medicine;  served  in  the  Confederate  army  during 
the  war;  connected  with  the  Baltimore  Gazette 
1866-1883;  deputy  registrar  of  Baltimore  in  1870; 


chief  clerk  of  the  first  branch  of  the  city  council; 
reading  clerk  of  the  Maryland  house  of  delegates 
in  1872;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Forty-ninth 
Congress  and  served  from  March  4,  1885,  until  his 
death  in  Baltimore,  Md.,  July  8,  1886. 

Coleman,  Hamilton  Dudley,  a  Representative 
from  Louisiana;  born  in  New  Orleans,  La.,  May  12, 
1845;  enlisted  in  1863  in  the  Washington  artillery, 
Army  of  Northern  Virginia,  as  a  private,  and  served 
throughout  the  war;  mamifacturer  and  dealer  in 
plantation  machinery;  active  in  the  organization 
of  the  World's  Industrial  and  Cotton  Centennial 
Exposition;  served  two  terms  as  president  of  the 
New  Orleans  chamber  of  commerce,  and  was 
elected  November,  1888,  one  of  the  vice  presidents 
of  the  National  board  of  trade;  elected  as  a  Repub- 
lican to  the  Fifty-first  Congress  (March  4,  1889- 
March  3,  1891);  was  defeated  as  the  Republican 
candidate  for  governor  in  1890  and  1894,  and  for 
lieutenant  governor  in  1892 ;  appointed  melter  and 
refiner  of  the  United  States  mint  at  New  Orleans 
in  1899  and  served  six  years;  member  of  the 
United  States  assay  commission  in  1912. 

Coleman,  Nicholas  D.,  a  Representative  from 
Kentucky;  born  in  Maysville,  Ky.,  in  1800;  at- 
tended grammar  and  high  schools;  studied  law  and 
practiced;  elected  as  a  Jackson  Democrat  to  the 
Twenty-first  Congress  (March  4,  1829-March  3, 
1831);  moved  to  Vicksburg,  Miss.,  where  he  re- 
sumed the  practice  of  law;  postmaster  of  Vicksburg 
1841-1844;  died  in  Vicksburg,  Miss.,  May  11, 1874. 

Colerick,  Walpole  Gillespie,  a  Representative 
from  Indiana;  born  in  Fort  Wayne,  Ind.,  August  1, 
1845;  lawyer  by  profession;  elected  as  a  Democrat 
to  the  Forty-sixth  and  Forty-seventh  Congresses 
(March  4,  1879-March  3,  1883);  resumed  the  prac- 
tice of  law  in  Fort  Wayne,  Ind.,  until  his  death 
January  11,  1911. 

Coles,  Isaac,  a  Representative  from  Virginia; 
born  in  Virginia;  pursued  preparatory  studies; 
elected  to  the  First  Congress  (March  4, 1789-March 
3,  1791);  reelected  to  the  Third  and  Fourth  Con- 
gresses (March  4,  1793-March  3,  1797). 

Coles,  Walter,  a  Representative  from  Virginia; 
born  in  Pittsylvania  county,  Va.,  Decembers,  1700; 
completed  a  preparatory  course;  devoted  himself  to 
agriculture;  justice  of  the  peace  for  many  years; 
served  in  the  United  States  Army  during  the  War 
of  1812  as  a  captain  of  riflemen  on  the  northern 
frontier;  member  of  the  state  house  of  representa- 
tives in  1833  and  1834;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to 
the  Twenty-fourth,  Twenty-fifth,  Twenty-sixth, 
Twenty-seventh,  and  Twenty-eighth  Congresses 
(March  4,  1835-March  3,  1845);  died  near  Robert- 
sons Store,  Va.,  November  9,  1857. 

Colfax,  Schuyler,  a  Representative  from 
Indiana;  born  in  New  York  City  March  23,  1823; 
attended  the  commom  schools;  went  to  New 
Carlisle,  Ind.,  in  1836,  where  he  was  appointed 
deputy  auditor  of  St.  Joseph  county  by  his  step- 
father, George  W.  Mathews,  with  office  in  South 
Bend;  became  a  legislative  correspondent  in 
Indianapolis;  purchased  an  interest  in  the  South 
Bend  Free  Press,  and  changed  its  name  in  1845 
to  the  St.  Joseph  Valley  Register — the  Whig 
organ  of  northern  Indiana;  member  of  the  state 
constitutional  convention  of  1850;  defeated  Whig 
candidate  for  Congress  in  1851;  elected  as  a  Re- 
publican to  the  Thirty-fourth  and  the  six  suc- 
ceeding Congresses  (March  4,  1855-March  3,  1869); 


BIOGRAPHIES. 


561 


was  Speaker  of  the  House  of  Representatives  in 
the  Thirty-eighth,  Thirty-ninth,  and  Fortieth 
Congresses;  elected  Vice  President  of  the  United 
States  on  the  ticket  with  Gen.  Grant,  and  served 
from  March  4,  1869,  to  March  3,  1873;  declined  the 
state  portfolio,  tendered  by  President  Grant, 
August  4,  1871;  defeated  candidate  for  the  Vice- 
Presidency  in  the  Philadelphia  convention  of 
1872;  offered  the  chief  editorship  of  the  New 
York  Tribune  the  same  year,  but  declined;  was 
implicated  in  charges  of  corruption  brought 
against  members  of  Congress  in  1873  in  connection 
with  the  Credit  Mobilier  of  America,  but  was 
fully  exhon orated;  died  in  Mankato,  Minn.,  Jan- 
uary 13,  1885;  interment  in  South  Bend,  Ind. 

Collamer,  Jacob,  a  Representative  and  a  Sen- 
ator from  Vermont;  born  in  Troy,  N .  Y.,  January  8, 
1792;  moved  with  his  father  to  Burlington,  yt.;  was 
graduated  from  the  University  of  Vermont  in  1810; 
served  in  the  War  of  18i2;  studied  law  and  prac- 
ticed in  Woodstock,  Vt.,  from  1813  to  1833;  mem- 
ber of  the  state  house  of  representatives  for  several 
years;  judge  of  the  superior  court  1833-1842;  elected 
as  a  Whig  to  the  Twenty-eighth,  Twenty-ninth, 
and  Thirtieth  Congresses  (March  4,  1843-March 
3,  1849);  appointed  Postmaster  General  by  Presi- 
dent Taylor  and  served  from  March  7,  1849,  to  July 
20,  1850;  again  judge  of  the  superior  court  of  Ver- 
mont from  November  8,  1850,  to  October  3,  1854; 
elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  United  States 
Senate  and  served  from  March  4,  1855,  until  his 
death  in  Woodstock,  Vt.,  November  9,  1865. 

Collier,  James  William,  a  Representative  from 
Mississippi;  born  on  the  Glenwood  plantation,  near 
Vicksburg,  Warren  county,  Miss.,  September  28, 
1872;  attended  public  and  high  schools  until  1890; 
when  he  entered  the  state  university;  in  1894  he 
graduated  in  law  from  that  institution;  in  1895 
member  of  the  lower  house  of  the  Mississippi 
legislature;  circuit  clerk  of  Warren  county  in  1899, 
and  reelected  without  opposition  in  1903  and  1907; 
elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Sixty-first  Congress 
(March  4,  1909-March  3,  1911).  Reelected  to  the 
Sixty-second  Congress. 

Collier,  John  Allen,  a  Representative  from 
New  York;  born  in  Litchfield,  Conn.,  November 
13,  1787;  was  graduated  from  Yale  college;  studied 
law  in  the  Litchfield  law  school  and  was  admitted 
to  the  bar  in  1809  in  Troy,  N.  Y.;  entered  upon 
practice  in  Binghainton,  N.  Y.;  district  attorney 
of  Broome  county,  June  11,  1818,  to  February 
25, 1822;  elected  as  a  Clay  Democrat  to  the  Twenty- 
second  Congress  (March  4,  1831-March  3,  1833); 
comptroller  of  the  state  of  New  York,  January 
27,  1841,  to  February  7,  1842;  appointed  a  com- 
missioner to  revise  the  statutes  in  1847;  presi- 
dential elector  on  the  Taylor  and  Fillmore  ticket 
in  1848;  declined  a  foreign  embassy  offered  by 
President  Fillmore  in  1850;  died  in  Binghamton, 
N.  Y.,  March  24,  1873. 

Collin,  John  Francis,  a  Representative  from 
New  York;  born  in  Hillsdale,  N.  Y.,  April  30, 
1802;  attended  the  common  schools  and  Lenox 
academy,  Mass.;  engaged  in  agriculture;  member 
of  the  state  legislature  in  1834;  supervisor  of 
Hillsdale  county  for  several  years;  elected  to  the 
Twenty-ninth  Congress  (March  4,  1845-March  3, 
1847);  died  in  Hillsdale,  N.  Y.,  September  16, 
1889. 

Collins,  Ela,  a  Representative  from  New  York; 
born  in  Meriden,  Conn.,  February  14,  1786; 

50346°— S.  Doc .  654,  61-2 36 


attended  Clinton  academy;  studied  law  and  com- 
menced practice  in  Lowville,  N.  Y.,  in  1807;  mem- 
ber of  the  state  house  of  representatives  in  1815; 
district  attorney  for  Lewis,  Jefferson,  and  St.  Law- 
rence counties  1815-1818,  and  of  Lewis  county  1819 
and  1840;  delegate  to  the  state  constitutional  con- 
vention in  1821;  elected  to  the  Eighteenth  Congress 
(March  4,  1823-March  3,  1825);  died  in  Lowville, 
N.  Y.,  November  23,  1848. 

Collins,  Francis  Dolan,  a  Representative  from 
Pennsylvania;  born  in  Saugerties,  N.  Y.,  March  5, 
1841;  attended  St.  Josephs  college,  in  Susque- 
hanna  county,  and  Wyoming  seminary,  at  Kings- 
ton, Pa.;  studied  law,  and  in  1866  was  admitted  to 
the  bar;  commenced  practice  in  Scranton,  Pa.; 
elected  district  attorney  of  the  mayor's  court  dis- 
trict in  1869;  elected  to  the  state  senate  of  Penn- 
sylvania 1872,  1873,  and  1874;  elected  as  a  Demo- 
crat to  the  Forty-fourth  and  Forty-fifth  Congresses 
(March  4,  1875-March  3,  1879);  died  in  Scranton, 
Pa.,  November  21,  1891. 

Collins,  John,  a  Delegate  from  Rhode  Island; 
born  in  Newport,  R.  I.,  June  8,  1717;  Delegate  to 
the  Continental  Congress  1778-1783;  governor  of 
Rhode  Island  1786-1789;  elected  to  the  First  Con- 
gress, but  did  not  take  his  seat;  died  in  Newport, 
R.  I.,  March  8,  1795. 

Collins,  Patrick  Andrew,  a  Representative 
from  Massachusetts;  born  near  Fermoy,  County 
Cork,  Ireland,  March  12,  1844;  the  family  came 
to  the  United  States  in  1848  and  located  in  Chelsea, 
Mass.;  attended  the  common  schools;  read  law  in 
the  Harvard  law  school  and  in  Boston;  admitted 
to  the  bar  in  1871,  and  practiced  in  Boston;  mem- 
ber of  the  state  house  of  representatives  in  1868 
and  1869,  and  of  the  state  senate  in  1870  and  1871; 
judge  advocate  general  in  1875;  elected  as  a  Demo- 
crat to  the  Forty-eighth,  Forty-ninth,  and  Fiftieth 
Congresses  (March  4,  1883-March  3,  1889);  was  a 
delegate  in  the  Democratic  national  conventions 
of  1876,  1880,  1888,  and  1892;  consul  general  at 
London  under  President  Cleveland's  administra- 
tion; resumed  the  practice  of  law;  mayor  of  Boston 
1902-1905;  died  in  Hot  Springs,  Va.,  September 
13,  1905;  interment  in  Boston,  Mass. 

Collins,  William,  a  Representative  from  New 
York;  born  in  Lowville,  Lewis  county,  N.  Y., 
February  22,  1818;  studied  law  and  commenced 
practice  in  Lowville;  district  attorney  for  Lewis 
county  1845-1847;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the 
Thirtieth  Congress  (March  4,  1847-March  3,  1849); 
moved  to  Cleveland,  Ohio,  in  1854  and  died  there, 
June  18,  1878. 

Colquitt,  Alfred  Holt,  a  Representative  and  a 
Senator  from  Georgia;  born  in  Walton  county,  Ga., 
April  20,  1824;  was  graduated  from  Princeton 
college  in  1844;  studied  law  and  admitted  to 
the  bar  in  1845;  served  as  a  staff  officer,  with  the 
rank  of  major,  during  the  Mexican  War;  elected  to 
the  Thirty-third  Congress  (March  4, 1853-March  3, 
1855);  member  of  the  Georgia  legislature  in  1859; 
presidential  elector  on  the  Breckinridge  ticket  in 
1860;  member  of  the  secession  convention  of  the 
state  of  Georgia;  entered  the  Confederate  service 
as  captain;  colonel  of  the  sixth  Georgia  infantry; 
served  as  a  brigadier  general,  and  was  commis- 
sioned a  major  general;  governor  1876-1880;  re- 
elected  under  a  new  constitution  for  two  years; 
elected  to  the  United  States  Senate  as  a  Democrat 
in  1883;  reelected  in  1888,  and  served  from  March 
4,  1883,  until  his  death  in  Washington,  D.  C., 
March  26,  1894. 


562 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTOEY. 


Colquitt,  Walter  Terry,  a  Representative  and  a 
Senator  from  Georgia;  born  in  Halifax  county,  Va., 
December  27,  1799;  moved  with  his  parents  to 
Georgia;  attended  public  schools  and  Princeton 
college;  studied  law,  and  in  1820  was  admitted  to 
the  bar;  commenced  practice  in  Sparta,  Ga.; 
moved  to  Cowpens;  elected  judge  of  the  Chatta- 
hoochee  circuit  in  1826  and  reelected  in  1829;  State 
senator  in  1834  and  1837;  elected  to  the  Twenty- 
sixth  Congress  as  a  States  Rights  Whig,  but  refused 
to  support  Gen.  Harrison  for  President,  and  re- 
signed July  21,  1840;  elected  to  the  Twenty- 
seventh  and  Twenty-eighth  Congresses  (March  4, 
1841-March  3, 1845) ;  elected  a  United  States  Senator 
and  served  from  March  4,  1843,  until  February, 
1848,  when  he  resigned;  member  of  the  Nashville 
convention  in  1850;  died  in  Macon,  Ga.,  May  7, 
1855. 

Colson,  David  Grant,  a  Representative  from 
Kentucky;  born  in  Yellow  Creek  (now  Middles- 
boro),  Knox  (now  Bell)  county,  Ky.,  April  1, 1861; 
attended  the  common  schools  and  the  academies  at 
Tazewell  and  Mossy  Creek,Tenn. ;  read  law ;  took  the 
junior  course  in  law  in  the  Kentucky  university  in 
1879-1880;  went  to  Washington,  D.  C.,  in  Septem- 
ber, 1882,  from  which  time  until  June  30,  1886,  he 
was  an  examiner  and  special  examiner  in  the  pen- 
sion bureau  of  the  Interior  Department;  returned 
to  Kentucky  in  1887,  and  in  that  year  was  elected 
to  the  state  house  of  representatives,  session  of 
1887-88;  mayor  of  Middlesboro  1893-1895;  elected 
an  a  Republican  to  the  Fifty-fourth  and  Fifty-fifth 
Congresses  (March  4,  ISgS^March  3, 1899);  colonel  of 
a  Kentucky  regiment  during  the  Spanish- American 
War. 

Colston,  Edward,  a  Representative  from  Vir- 
ginia; born  in  Winchester,  Va.,  December  25,  1786; 
was  graduated  from  Princeton  college  in  1806; 
served  in  the  War  of  1812;  several  years  a  member 
of  the  state  house  of  representatives  and  high 
sheriff  of  Berkeley  county;  elected  as  a  Federalist 
to  the  Fifteenth  Congress  (March  4,  1817-March  3, 
1819);  died  in  Berkeley  county.  Va.,  April  23, 1852. 

Comegys,  Joseph  Parsons,  a  Senator  from 
Delaware;  born  in  "Cherbourg,"  Kent  county, 
near  -Dover,  Del.,  December  29,  1813;  pursued 
preparatory  studies;  studied  law  and  was  admitted 
to  the  bar  in  1835,  and  practiced;  member  of  the 
state  house  of  representatives  1842  and  1848;  one 
of  a  commission  to  revise  the  state  statutes  in  1852; 
appointed  a  United  States  Senator,  to  fill  the  va- 
cancy caused  by  the  death  of  John  M.  Clayton,  and 
served  from  November  19,  1856,  to  January  14, 
1857;  delegate  to  the  Union  national  convention  in 
Philadelphia  in  1866;  appointed  chief  justice  of 
Delaware  May  18.  1876;  died  in  Dover,  Del.,  Feb- 
ruary 1,  1893. 

Comingo,  Abram,  a  Representative  from 
Missouri;  born  in  Mercer  county,  Ky.,  January  9, 
1820;  attended  common  and  high  schools;  studied 
law,  and  in  1847  was  admitted  to  the  bar;  moved 
to  Missouri  in  1848;  elected  a  member  of  the 
Missouri  state  convention  in  February,  1861;  ap- 
pointed provost  marshal  of  the  sixth  district  of 
Missouri  in  May,  1863;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the 
Forty-second  and  Forty-third  Congresses  (March  4, 
1871-March  3,  1875);  died  in  Kansas  City,  Mo., 
November  10,  1889. 

Comins,  Linus  Bacon,  a  Representative  from 
Massachusetts;  born  in  Charlton,  Mass.,  November 
29,  1817;  was  graduated  from  the  Worcester  county 
manual  labor  high  school;  engaged  in  manufac- 


turing in  Roxbury,  Mass.;  member  of  the  Rox- 
bury  city  council  in  1846,  1847,  and  1848  and 
served  the  last  two  years  as  president;  mayor  of 
Roxbury  in  1854;  elected  as  an  American  to  the 
Thirty-fourth  Congress,  and  as  a  Republican  to  the 
Thirty-fifth  Congress  (March  4, 1855-March  3, 1859) ; 
delegate  to  the  Republican  national  convention  in 
1860;  died  in  Jamaica  Plain,  Mass.,  October  14, 
1892. 

Compton,  Barnes,  a  Representative  from 
Maryland;  born  in  Port  Tobacco,  Charles  county, 
Md.,  November  16,  1830;  attended  Charlotte  Hall 
academy  and  was  graduated  from  Princeton  col- 
lege in  June,  1851;  member  of  the  state  house  of 
delegates  from  Charles  county  in  1860-61,  and 
of  the  senate  in  1867,  1868,  1870,  and  1872,  and 
served  as  president  of  the  senate  1868-1870;  state 
tobacco  inspector  1873-74;  state  treasurer  1874- 
1876;  reelected  for  five  successive  terms;  elected  asa 
Democrat  a  Representative  to  the  Forty-ninth  and 
Fiftieth  Congresses  (March  4,  1885-March  3,  1889); 

Presented  credentials  as  Member-elect  to  the  Fif  ty- 
rst  Congress,  but  election  was  successfully  con- 
tested by  Sidney  E.  Mudd,  who  was  given  the  seat 
March  20,  1890;  reelected  to  the  Fifty-second  and 
Fifty-third  Congresses,  and  served  from  March  4, 
1891,  to  May  12, 1894,  when  he  resigned ;  naval  officer 
at  Baltimore  for  four  years;  died  in  Laurel,  Md., 
Decembers,  1898. 

Comstock,  Charles  Carter,  a  Representative 
from  Michigan;  born  in  Sullivan,  Cheshire  county, 
N.  H.,  March  5,  1818;  attended  the  common 
schools;  moved  to  Grand  Rapids,  Mich.,  in  1853; 
farmer,  lumberman,  and  manufacturer  of  furniture, 
woodenware,  etc.;  mayor  of  Grand  Rapids  1863- 
1864;  elected  as  a  Fusion  Democrat  to  the  Forty- 
ninth  Congress  (March  4, 1885-March  3, 1887);  died 
in  Grand  Rapids,  Mich.,  February  20,  1900. 

Comstock,  Oliver  Cromwell,  a  Representative 
from  New  York;  born  in  Warwick,  R.  I.,  March  1, 
1780;  moved  with  his  father's  family  to  Schenec- 
tady,  N.  Y.,  when  a  child;  received  a  liberal 
schooling;  studied  medicine  and  practiced  in 
Trumansburg,  N.  Y.;  member  of  the  state  house  of 
representatives  1810-1812;  judge  of  common  pleas 
for  Seneca  county,  N.  Y.,  1812-1815;  elected  as  a 
Democrat  to  the  Thirteenth,  Fourteenth,  and  Fif- 
teenth Congresses  (March  4, 1813-March  3,1819); 
first  judge  of  Tompkins  county  1817-1818;  aban- 
doned the  practice  of  medicine  and  studied  the- 
ology, licensed  to  preach,  and  was  ordained  to  the 
Baptist  ministry  and  installed  as  pastor  of  the 
First  Baptist  church,  Rochester,  N.  Y.,  1825-1834; 
Chaplain  of  the  national  House  of  Representa- 
tives; moved  to  Michigan  and  was  a  regent  of  the 
University  of  Michigan  1841-1843,  and  state  super- 
intendent of  public  instruction  1843-1845;  died  in 
Marshall,  Mich.,  January  11,  1860. 

Comstock.  Solomon  Gilman,  a  Representative 
from  Minnesota;  born  in  Argyle,  Me.,  May  9,  1842; 
completed  a  preparatory  course  in  the  Maine  Wes- 
leyan  seminary  in  Kents  Hill;  read  law  and  was 
admitted  to  practice;  located  in  Moorhead,  Minn., 
in  1870;  attorney  for  Clay  county  1872-1878; 
elected  a  representative  to  the  state  legislature  in 
1875,  1876,  1878,  1879,  1880,  and  1881;  state  senator 
1882-1888;  when  he  resigned;  elected  as  a  Repub- 
lican to  the  Fifty-first  Congress  (March  4,  1889- 
March  3,  1891);  resumed  the  practice  of  law  in 
Moorhead,  Minn.;  member  state  normal  school 
board  1897-1905;  member  board  of  regents  of  the 
University  of  Minnesota. 


BIOGRAPHIES. 


563 


Condit,  John,  a  Representative  and  a  Senator 
from  New  Jersey;  born  in  Orange,  N.  J.,  July  8, 
1755;  attended  the  public  schools;  studied  and 
practiced  medicine;  served  as  surgeon  in  the 
Revolutionary  War  in  Colonel  Van  Cortlandt's 
battalion,  Heardy  brigade;  one  of  the  founders 
and  a  trustee  of  the  Orange  academy  in  1785; 
member  of  the  state  house  of  representatives 
for  several  years;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the 
Sixth  and  Seventh  Congresses  (March  4,  1799- 
March  3,  1803);  appointed  United  States  Senator, 
to  fill  vacancy  in  term  beginning  March  4,  1803, 
caused  by  failure  of  legislature  to  elect  a  Senator, 
and  served  from  September  1,  1803,  to  March  3, 
1809;  again  appointed  United  States  Senator,  and 
to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  the  resignation  of  Aaron 
Kitchell;  was  subsequently  elected  to  fill  the  va- 
cancy, and  served  from  March  21,  1809,  to  March  3, 
1817;  assistant  collector  of  the  port  of  New  York; 
died  in  Orange,  N.  J.,  May  4,  1834. 

Condit,  Lewis,  a  Representative  from  New 
Jersey;  born  in  Morristown,  N.  J.,  March  3,  1773; 
studied  medicine,  was  graduated  from  the  medical 
department  of  the  University  of  Pennsylvania  in 
1794,  and  commenced  practice  in  Morristown;  was 
high  sheriff  of  Morris  county,  N.  J.,  prior  to  1800; 
member  of  the  state  house  of  representatives  1805- 
1810  and  served  as  speaker  the  last  two  years;  mem- 
ber of  the  commission  for  adjusting  the  boundary 
between  New  York  and  New  Jersey  in  1807; 
elected  as  a  Whig  to  the  Twelfth,  Thirteenth,  and 
Fourteenth  Congresses  (March  4,  1811-March  3, 
1817);  reelected  to  the  Seventeenth,  Eighteenth, 
Nineteenth,  Twentieth,  Twenty-first,  and  Twenty- 
second  Congresses  (March  4,  1821-March  3,  1833); 
again  a  member  of  the  state  legislature  1837-1838, 
and  speaker  of  the  house;  presidential  elector  on 
the  Harrison  and  Tyler  ticket  in  1840;  a  trustee  of 
Princeton  college  for  forty  years;  died  in  Morris- 
town,  N.  J.,  May  26,  1862. 

Condit,  Silas,  a  Delegate  from  New  Jersey; 
born  in  Morristown,  N.  J.,  March  7,  1738,  com- 
pleted preparatory  studies;  member  of  the  state 
council  from  its  organization  in  1776  to  1780;  Dele- 
gate in  the  Continental  Congress  1781-1784;  mem- 
ber of  the  New  Jersey  assembly  1791-1795,  1796- 
1798,  and  1800,  and  speaker  1792-1794,  and  in 
1797;  died  in  Morristown,  N.  J.,  September  6, 
1801. 

Condit,  Silas,  a  Representative  from  New  Jer- 
sey; born  in  Orange,  N.  J.,  August  18,  1778;  was 
graduated  from  Princeton  college  in  1795;  en- 
gaged in  mercantile  persuits  in  Orange;  moved  to 
Newark,  N.  J.,  and  was  president  of  the  Newark 
Banking  company;  member  of  the  state  house  of 
representatives  for  several  years;  elected  as  a  Clay 
Democrat  to  the  Twenty-second  Congress  (March 
4,  1831-March  3,  1833);  delegate  to  the  state  con- 
stitutional convention  of  1844;  died  in  Newark, 
N.  J.,  November  29,  1861. 

Conger,  Edwin  Hurd,  a  Representative  from 
Iowa;  born  in  Knox  county,  111.,  March  7,  1843; 
was  graduated  from  Lombard  university  in  1862; 
enlisted  as  a  private  in  company  I,  one  hundred 
and  second  Illinois  volunteer  infantry,  and  served 
until  the  close  of  the  war;  attaining  the  rank  of 
captain  and  received  the  brevet  of  major  for 
"gallant  and  meritorious  conduct  in  the  field;" 
studied  law  and  was  graduated  from  the  Albany 
law  school  in  1866;  admitted  to  the  bar,  and 
practiced  in  Galesburg,  111.,  until  1868;  moved  to 
Dexter,  Dallas  county,  Iowa,  in  1868,  and  engaged 


in  farming,  stock-growing,  and  banking;  elected 
treasurer  of  Dallas  county  in  1877  and  reelected  in 
1879 ;  elected  state  treasurer  in  1880  and  reelected 
in  1882;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Forty- 
ninth,  Fiftieth,  and  Fifty-first  Congresses  (March  4, 
1885-March  3,  1891);  minister  to  Brazil  1891-1895; 
reappointed  in  1897;  transferred  to  China  in  1898 
and  served  until  1907;  died  in  Pasadena,  Cal., 
May  18,  1907. 

Conger,  Harmon  S.,  a  Representative  from 
New  York;  born  in  Connecticut  in  1817;  moved  to 
Cortland,  N.  Y.,  where  he  held  several  local  offices; 
elected  as  a  Whig  to  the  Thirtieth  and  Thirty-first 
Congresses  (March  4,  1847-March  3,  1851);  moved 
to  Wisconsin  in  1854;  elected  judge  of  the  circuit 
court  in  1871;  reelected  in  1877,  and  served  until 
his  death  in  Janesville,  Wis.,  October  22,  1882. 

Conger,  James  L.,  a  Representative  from 
Michigan;  born  in  New  Jersey;  completed  prepara- 
tory studies;  studied  law  and  was  admitted  to  the 
bar;  practiced  in  Cleveland,  Ohio;  moved  to  Mich- 
igan and  located  in  Macomb  county  in  1836;  sev- 
eral times  defeated  for  state  representative;  moved 
to  Mount  Clemens,  Mich.;  elected  as  a  Free  Soil 
Whig  to  the  Thirty-second  Congress  (March  4, 1851- 
March  3,  1853). 

Conger,  Omar  D wight,  a  Representative  and  a 
Senator  from  Michigan;  born  in  Cooperstown, 
N.  Y.,  in  1818;  moved  with  his  father  to  Huron 
county,  Ohio,  in  1824;  pursued  academic  studies 
at  Huron  institute,  Milan,  Ohio,  and  was  gradu- 
ated in  1841  from  Western  Reserve  college;  em- 
ployed in  the  geological  survey  and  mineral  ex- 
plorations of  the  Lake  Superior  copper  and  iron 
regions  in  1845-1847,  and  m  1848  engaged  in  the 
practice  of  law  in  Port  Huron,  Mich.;  elected 
judge  of  the  St.  Glair  county  court  in  1850,  and 
senator  in  the  state  legislature  for  the  biennial 
terms  of  1855,  1857,  and  1859;  president  pro  tern- 
pore  of  the  senate  in  1859;  elected  in  1866  a  mem- 
ber of  the  constitutional  convention  of  Michigan; 
presidential  elector  on  the  Republican  ticket  in 
1864;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Forty-first 
and  the  six  succeeding  Congresses  (March  4,  1869- 
March  3, 1881) ;  elected  to  the  United  States  Senate, 
and  served  from  March  4,  1881,  to  March  3,  1887; 
engaged  in  the  practice  of  law  in  Washington, 
D.  C.;  died  in  Ocean  City,  Md.,  July  11,  1898. 

Conkling,  Alfred,  a  Representative  from  New 
York;  born  in  Amagansett,  N.  Y.,  October  12, 1789; 
was  graduated  from  Union  college  in  1810;  studied 
law,  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1812,  and  commenced 
practice  in  Canajoharie;  district  attorney  for  Mont- 
gomery county  1818-1821;  elected  as  an  anti- 
Jackson  Democrat  to  the  Seventeenth  Congress 
(March  4,  1821-March  3,  1823);  moved  to  Albany, 
N.  Y. ;  appointed  United  States  district  judge  for 
the  northern  district  of  New  York  and  served  from 
1825  to  1852;  appointed  United  States  minister  to 
Mexico  and  served  from  August  6,  1852,  to  August 
17,  1853;  located  in  Omaha,  Nebr.,  and  practiced 
law  until  1861,  when  he  resided  successively  in 
Rochester,  Geneseo,  and  Utica,  N.  Y.;  devoted 
much  time  to  literary  pursuits;  died  in  Utica, 
N.  Y.,  February  5,  1874. 

Conkling,  Frederick  Augustus,  a  Representa- 
tive from  New  York;  born  in  Canajoharie,  N.  Y., 
August  22,  1816;  pursued  classical  studies;  engaged 
in  mercantile  business  in  New  York  City;  member 
of  the  state  house  of  representatives  1854, 1859,  and 


564 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 


1860;  in  June,  1861,  organized  the  eighty -fourth 
Regiment  of  the  National  Guard  of  the  state  of 
York  and  was  its  colonel;  served  through  the 
Shenandoah  campaign,  and  in  1863  his  regiment 
was  on  provost-guard  duty  in  Baltimore;  elected 
as  a  Republican  to  the  Thirty-seventh  Congress 
(March  4,  1861-March  3,  1863);  unsuccessful"  Re- 
publican candidate  for  mayor  of  New  York  City  in 
1868;  died  in  New  York  City,  September  18, 1891. 

Colliding,  Roscoe,  a  Representative  and  a 
Senator  from  New  York;  born  in  Albany,  N.  Y., 
October  30,  1829;  moved  with  his  parents  to  Au- 
burn, N.  Y.,  in  1839;  completed  an  academic 
course;  studied  law  in  Utica,  N.  Y.,  and  was  ad- 
mitted to  the  bar  in  1850;  practiced  in  Utica;  dis- 
trict attorney  for  Oneida  county  in  1850;  mayor  of 
Utica  in  1858;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the 
Thirty-sixth,  Thirty-seventh,  and  Thirty-ninth 
Congresses  (March  4,  1859-March  3,  1863),  and 
(March  4,  1865-March  3,  1867);  reelected  to  the 
Fortieth  Congress,  but  resigned  before  the  begin- 
ning of  the  Congress ;  elected  to  the  United  States 
Senate  as  a  Union  Republican  in  1867;  reelected, 
and  served  from  March  4,  1867,  to  May  16,  1881, 
when  he  resigned  along  with  his  colleague,  Thomas 
C.  Platt,  and  largely  because  of  differences  with 
the  administration  growing  put  of  the  disposal  of 
Federal  patronage  in  the  city  and  state  of  New 
York;  resumed  the  practice  of  law  in  New  York 
City;  in  February,  1882,  was  appointed  associate 
justice  of  the  Supreme  Court  of  the  United  States, 
and  was  confirmed  by  the  Senate,  but  declined; 
died  in  New  York  City,  April  18,  1888. 

Conn,  Charles  Gerard,  a  Representative  from 
Indiana ;  born  in  Phelps ,  Ontario  county,  N .  Y . ,  Jan- 
uary 29, 1844;  accompanied  his  parents  to  Elkhart, 
Ind.;  served  throughout  the  Civil  War  in  the  Union 
Army;  manufacturer;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the 
Fifty-third  Congress  (March  4, 1893-March  3, 1895); 
returned  to  Elkhart,  Ind.,  and  engaged  in  manu- 
facturing. 

Connell,  William,  a  Representative  from  Penn- 
sylvania; born  in  Cape  Breton,  Nova  Scotia,  Sep- 
tember 10,  1827;  moved  with  his  parents  to  Hazle- 
ton,  Luzerne  county,  Pa.,  in  1856;  placed  in  charge 
of  mines  of  the  Susquehanna  &  Wyoming  Valley 
Railroad  &  Coal  Co.,  with  offices  in  Scran  ton;  pur- 
chased the  plant  in  1870;  president  of  the  Third 
National  bank  and  identified  with  most  of  the 
industries  and  commercial  enterprises  of  Scranton  ; 
was  a  delegate  to  the  Republican  national  conven- 
tion of  1896  and  member  of  the  Pennsylvania 
Republican  committee;  elected  to  the  Fifty-fifth 
Fifty-sixth,  and  Fifty-seventh  Congresses  (March  4, 
1897-March  3,  1903);  successfully  contested  the 
election  of  George  Howell  in  the  Fifty-eighth 
Congress  and  took  his  seat  February  10,  1904,  and 
served  until  March  3,  1905;  died  in  Scranton,  Pa., 
March  21,  1909. 

Connell,  William.  James,  a  Representative  from 
Nebraska;  born  in  Cowansville,  Canada,  July  6, 
1846;  moved  to  Schroon  Lake,  N.  Y.,  in  1857; 
then  to  Vermont  in  1862;  completed  a  preparatory 
course;  in  April,  1867,  located  in  Omaha,  Nebr.; 
admitted  to  the  bar  in  1869,  and  engaged  in  prac- 
tice; district  attorney  of  the  third  judicial  district 
of  Nebraska  in  1872-1876;  city  attorney  of  Omaha 
3883-1887;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Fifty- 
first  Congress  (March  4,  1889-March  3,  1891);  reap- 
pointed  city  attorney  of  Omaha,  Nebr.,  in  1892;  a 
practicing  attorney  in  Omaha,  Nebr. 


Conner,  Henry  W.,  a  Representative  from 
North  Carolina;  born  in  Prince  George  county, 
Va.,  in  August,  1793;  was  graduated  from  South 
Carolina  college  in  1812;  served  as  aid-de-camp  to 
Brig.  Gen.  Joseph  Graham  in  the  expedition  against 
the  Creek  Indians  in  1814;  settled  in  Falls  Town, 
Iredell  county,  and  later  in  Sherrills  Ford,  Ca- 
tawba  county,  N.  C.;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the 
Seventeenth  and  the  nine  succeeding  Congresses 
(March  4, 1821-March  3,  1841) ;  member  of  the  State 
senate  in  1848;  died  January  15,  1866,  in  Sherills 
Ford,  Catawba  County,  N.  C. 

Conner,  James  Perry,  a  Representative  from 
Iowa;  born  in  Delaware  county,  Ind.,  January  27, 
1851;  attended  college  at  the  Upper  Iowa  univer- 
sity, Fayette,  Iowa,  and  was  graduated  from  the 
law  department  of  the  state  university  at  Iowa 
City  in  June,  1873;  district  attorney  of  the  thir- 
teenth judicial  district  1880-1884;  elected  circuit 
judge  of  the  thirteenth  judicial  district  of  Iowa  in 
1884;  elected  district  judge  of  the  sixteenth  judi- 
cial district  in  1886;  delegate  to  the  Republican 
national  convention  at  Minneapolis  in  1892;  elected 
as  a  Republican  to  the  Fifty-sixth  Congress  to  fill 
the  vacancy  caused  by  the  resignation  of  Jonathan 
P.  Dolliver;  reelected  to  the  Fifty-seventh,  Fifty- 
eighth,  Fifty-ninth,  and  Sixtieth  Congresses,  and 
served  from  December  4,  1900,  to  March  3,  1909; 
resumed  the  practice  of  law  in  Denison,  Iowa. 

Conner,  John  C.,  a  Representative  from  Texas, 
born  in  Nobles ville,  Ind.,  in  1842;  student  at  the 
Wabash  college,  Indiana;  entered  the  Union  Army 
in  1862  as  a  lieutenant  in  the  sixty-third  Indiana 
volunteers  and  served  until  the  close  of  the  war; 
appointed  a  captain  in  the  forty-first  infantry 
upon  the  reorganization  of  the  Army  in  1866  and 
served  in  Texas  until  nominated  for  Congress; 
elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Forty-first  and  Forty- 
second  Congresses  (March  4,  1869-March  3,  1873). 

Conner,  Samuel  Shepard,  a  Representative 
from  Massachusetts;  born  in  New  Hampshire  about 
1785;  attended  Phillips  Exeter  academy  in  1794; 
was  graduated  from  Yale  college  in  1806;  studied 
law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  practiced  in 
Waterville,  Me.;  served  in  the  War  of  1812  aa 
major  of  the  twenty-first  infantry  and  lieutenant 
colonel  of  the  thirteenth  infantry;  resigned  July 
14,  1814;  resumed  the  practice  of  law  in  Water- 
ville, Me.;  elected  to  the  Fourteenth  Congress 
(March  4, 1815-March  3, 1817);  appointed  surveyor 
general  of  the  Ohio  land  district  in  1819;  died  in 
Covington,  Ky.,  December  25,  1819. 

Conness,  John,  a  Senator  from  California;  born 
in  County  Galway,  Ireland,  September  22,  1821; 
came  to  the  United  States  in  1836;  learned  the  art 
of  pianoforte  making  in  New  York;  one  of  the  Cali- 
fornia pioneers,  interested  in  the  mines  and  after- 
wards in  mercantile  pursuits;  member  of  the  Cali- 
fornia legislature  1853-1854  and  1860-1861 ;  elected  a 
United  States  Senator  as  a  Union  Republican  and 
served  from  March  4,  1863,  to  March  3,  1869;  re- 
moved to  Massachusetts  in  1869;  died  in  Jamaica 
Plains,  Mass.,  January  10,  1909. 

Connolly,  Daniel  Ward,  a  Representative  from 
Pennsylvania;  born  in  Cochecton,  Sullivan  coun- 
ty, N.  Y.,  April  24,  1847;  moved  with  parents  to 
Scranton,  Pa.,  in  1849 ;  attended  the  public  schools; 
studied  law  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  June, 
1870;  elected  president  judge  of  Lackawanna  coun- 
ty in  1878,  but  did  not  serve;  elected  as  a  Demo- 
crat to  the  Forty-eighth  Congress  (March  4,  1883- 


BIOGBAPHIES. 


565 


March  3,  1885);  postmaster  of  Scranton  1885-1890; 
died  in  Scranton,  Pa.,  December  4,  1894. 

Connolly,  James  Austin,  a  Representative 
from  Illinois;  born  in  Newark,  N.  J.,  March  8, 1843; 
went  to  Ohio  with  his  parents  in  1850;  pursued 
preparatory  studies;  assistant  clerk  of  Ohio  senate 
1858-59;  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1861;  moved  to 
Illinois  in  1861;  entered  the  United  States  Army 
in  1862  as  a  private  in  the  one  hundred  and  twenty- 
third  Illinois  volunteers,  and  was  afterwards  cap- 
tain, major,  and  brevet  lieutenant  colonel;  mem- 
ber of  the  state  house  of  representatives  1873-1875; 
United  States  attorney  for  the  southern  district  of 
Illinois  1876-1885  and  again  1889-1893;  elected  as 
a  Republican  to  the  Fifty-fourth  and  Fifty-fifth 
Congresses  (March  4, 1895-March  3, 1899);  resumed 
the  practice  of  law  in  Springfield,  111. 

Conover,  Simon  Barclay,  a  Senator  from 
Florida;  born  in  Middlesex  county,  N.  J.,  Sep- 
tember 23,  1840;  studied  medicine  and  was  gradu- 
ated from  the  University  of  Nashville  in  1864; 
appointed  assistant  surgeon  in  the  Army  of  the 
Cumberland,  and  stationed  at  Nashville,  Tenn.; 
after  several  promotions  in  the  medical  corps  of  the 
Army,  ordered  to  Lake  City,  Fla.,  in  1866,  and 
shortly  afterwards  resigned  his  commission;  dele- 
gate to  the  state  constitutional  convention  in  1868; 
state  treasurer;  member  of  the  Chicago  convention 
in  1868,  and  member  of  the  Republican  national 
committee;  member  of  the  state  executive  Repub- 
lican committee  of  Florida,  member  of  the  state 
house  of  representatives  and  presided  over  the 
body;  elected  a  United  States  Senator  as  a  Repub- 
lican and  served  from  March  4,  1873,  to  March  3, 
1879;  unsuccessful  candidate  for  governor  in  1880; 
moved  to  Montana  in  1899. 

Conrad,  Charles  Magill,  a  Senator  and  a  Repre- 
sentative from  Louisiana;  born  in  Winchester,  Va., 
about  1804;  moved  with  his  father  to  Mississippi, 
and  thence  to  Louisiana;  studied  law  and  was  ad- 
mitted to  the  bar  in  1828;  commenced  practice  in 
New  Orleans;  member  of  the  state  house  of  repre- 
sentatives for  several  years;  elected  a  United  States 
Senator  as  a  Whig  to  fill  the  vacancy  caused  by  the 
resignation  of  Alexander  Mouton,  and  served  from 
April  14,  1842,  to  March  3,  1843;  delegate  to  the 
state  constitutional  convention  in  1844;  elected  a 
representative  from  Louisiana  to  the  Thirty-first 
Congress,  and  served  from  March  4, 1849,  to  August 
17,  1850,  when  he  resigned;  appointed  Secretary 
of  War  by  President  Fillmore,  and  served  from 
August  15,  1850,  to  March  7,  1853;  deputy  from 
Louisiana  in  the  Montgomery  provisional  congress 
of  1861;  Representative  from  Louisiana  to  the 
first  and  second  Confederate  congresses,  1862- 
1864;  died  in  New  Orleans,  La.,  February  12,  1878. 

Conrad,  Frederick,  a  Representative  from 
Pennsylvania;  was  elected  to  the  Eighth  and  Ninth 
Congresses  (March  4,  1803-March  3,  1807). 

Conrad,  John,  a  Representative  from  Penn- 
sylvania to  the  Thirteenth  Congress  (March  4, 1813- 
March3,  1815). 

Conry,  Joseph  Aloysius,  a  Representative 
from  Massachusetts;  born  in  Brookline,  Mass.,  Sep- 
tember 12,  1868;  was  graduated  from  a  Boston  pri- 
vate school;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar 
and  commenced  practice  in  Boston,  Mass.;  presi- 
dent of  the  Boston  common  council  in  1896-1897; 
chairman  of  the  board  of  aldermen  in  1898;  elected 
as  a  Democrat  to  the  Fifty-seventh  Congress  (March 


4,  1901-March  3,  1903);  resumed  the  practice  of  law 
in  Boston,  Mass.;  director  of  the  port  of  Boston, 
Mass.,  and  resides  there. 

Conry,  Michael  Francis,  a  Representative  from 
New  York;  born  in  Shenandoah,  Pa.,  April  2, 1870; 
attended  the  public  schools  of  his  native  town; 
taught  school  for  seven  years;  was  graduated  from 
the  University  of  Michigan  in  1896;  studied  law, 
was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced  practice 
in  New  York  City ;  served  two  years  as  assistant  cor- 
poration counsel  of  the  city  of  New  York;  elected 
as  a  Democrat  to  the  Sixty-first  Congress  (March  4, 
1909-March  3,  1911).  Reelected  to  the  Sixty-second 
Congress. 

Constable,  Albert,  a  Representative  from 
Maryland;  born  in  Maryland;  studied  law  and 
commenced  practice  in  Perryville,  Md.;  elected  as 
a  Democrat  to  the  Twenty-ninth  Congress  (March  4, 
1845-March3,  1847);  elected  judge  of  the  circuit 
court  of  Maryland  in  1851;  died  in  Camden,  N.  J., 
September  18,  1855. 

Contee,  Benjamin,  a  Delegate  and  a  Repre- 
sentative from  Maryland;  born  in  Prince  Georges 
county,  Md.,  in  1755;  served  in  the  Revolutionary 
War  in  the  third  Maryland  battalion;  studies  the- 
ology and  became  a  clergyman  of  the  Protestant 
Episcopal  church;  Delegate  to  the  Continental  Con- 
gress 1787-1788;  elected  to  the  First  Congress 
(March  4,  1789-March  3,  1791);  presiding  judge  of 
the  Charles  county  testamentary  court;  died  in 
Charles  county,  Md.,  November  3,  1815. 

Converse,  George  Leroy,  a  Representative 
from  Ohio;  born  in  Georgesville,  Franklin  county, 
Ohio,  June  4,  1827;  was  graduated  from  Central  col- 
lege, Ohio,  and  from  Denison  university,  Gran- 
ville,  Ohio,  class  of  1849;  admitted  to  the  bar  in 
1851;  represented  his  county  in  the  state  house  of 
representatives  1860-1863  and  1873-1876,  and 
speaker  of  the  house  1873-1874 ;  member  of  the  state 
senate  1864-65;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Forty- 
sixth,  Forty-seventh,  and  Forty-eighth  Congresses 
(March  4,  1879-March  3,  1885);  died  in  Columbus, 
Ohio,  March  30,  1897. 

Conway,  Henry  Wharton,  a  Delegate  from 
Arkansas  Territory;  born  in  Greene  county,  Tenn., 
March  18,  1793 ;  attended  the  public  schools; 
enlisted  as  an  ensign  in  the  War  of  1812,  and  was 

S-omoted  a  lieutenant  in  1813;  clerk  in  the  Treasury 
epartment  in  Washington,  D.  C.,  in  1817;  moved 
to  Missouri  in  1818,  and  to  Arkansas  Territory  in 
1820;  receiver  of  public  moneys  in  1820-1821; 
elected  a  Delegate  to  the  Eighteenth  and  Nine- 
teenth Congresses  (March  4,  1823-March  3,  1827); 
died  near  Arkansas  Post,  then  the  Territorial  seat 
of  government,  November  9,  1827. 

Conway,  Martin  Franklin,  a  Representative 
from  Kansas;  born  in  Harford  county,  Md.,  Novem- 
ber 19,  1829;  received  a  liberal  schooling;  moved  to 
Baltimore  in  1843;  learned  the  art  of  printing,  and 
became  a  member  of  National  typographical  union; 
studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar  and  com- 
menced practice  in  Baltimore;  moved  to  Kan- 
sas in  1854;  member  of  the  first  legislative  coun- 
cil; chief  justice  of  the  supreme  court  under 
the  Topeka  constitution;  president  of  the  Leaven- 
worth  constitutional  convention;  elected  as  a  Re- 
publican to  the  Thirty-seventh  Congress  (March  4, 
1861-March3,  1863);  appointed  United  States  con- 
sul at  Marseille,  France,  in  1866;  died  in  Washing- 
ton, D.  C.,  February  15,  1882. 


566 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 


Cook,  Burton  Chauncey,  a  Representative 
from  Illinois;  born  in  Pittsford,  Monroe  county, 
N.  Y.,  May  11,  1819;  attended  the  collegiate  insti- 
tute, Rochester,  N.  Y.;  studied  law,  and  in  1835 
moved  to  Ottawa  county,  111.,  where  he  com- 
menced practice  in  1840;  elected  by  the  legislature 
state  attorney  for  the  ninth  judicial  district  for 
two  years  in  1846,  and  reelected  by  the  people  in 
1848  for  four  years;  member  of  the  state  senate 
1852-1860;  member  of  the  peace  conference  which 
met  in  Washington  in  1861;  elected  as  a  Repub- 
lican to  the  Thirty-ninth,  and  to  the  three  succeed- 
ing Congresses,  and  served  from  March  4,  1865,  to 
August  26,  1871;  died  in  Evanston,  111.,  August 
18,  1894. 

Cook,  Daniel  Pope,  a  Representative  from 
Illinois;  born  in  Scott  county,  Ky.,  in  1795;  com- 
pleted a  preparatory  course;  studied  law,  admitted 
to  the  bar,  and  practiced  in  Kaskaskia,  111.,  1815- 
1816;  moved  to  Edwardsville,  111.;  first  attorney 
general  of  Illinois  March  15  to  October  15,  1819, 
and  subsequently  was  judge  of  the  western  cir- 
cuit; elected  to  the  Sixteenth,  Seventeenth,  Eight- 
eenth, and  Nineteenth  Congresses  (March  4,  1819- 
March  3, 1827);  died  in  Scott  county,  Ky.,  October 
16,  1827. 

Cook,  George  Washington,  a  Representative 
from  Colorado;  born  in  Bedford,  Ind.,  November  10, 
1851;  learned  telegraphy  at  the  age  of  eleven  years; 
ran  away  from  home  and  enlisted  as  drummer  boy 
at  the  age  of  twelve  years,  and  served  in  Indiana  regi- 
ments in  the  Army  of  the  Cumberland;  the  last 
eight  months  served  as  chief  regimental  clerk  of  the 
one  hundred  and  forty-fifth  regiment  Indiana 
volunteers;  after  the  Civil  War  attended  public 
school  and  an  academy;  employed  in  railway  of- 
fices in  Chicago  1872-1880 ;  general  agent  Louisville, 
New  Albany  &  Chicago  Railway  (Monon  System), 
1880-1887;  division  superintendent  and  joint  agent 
in  Leadville,  Colo.;  engaged  in  mining;  elected 
department  commander  Grand  Army  of  the  Re- 
public for  Colorado  and  Wyoming,  and  served  1891- 
1892;  president  of  the  Colorado  soldiers  and  sailors' 
home  in  1892;  in  1905  was  elected  senior  vice 
commander  in  chief  Grand  Army  of  the  Republic; 
elected  to  the  Sixtieth  Congress  (March  4,  1907- 
March  3,  1909);  engaged  in  mining  in  Leadville, 
with  residence  in  Denver,  Colo. 

Cook,  Joel,  a  Representative  from  Pennsyl- 
vania; born  in  Philadelphia,  Pa.,  March  20,  1842; 
attended  the  public  schools;  was  graduated  from 
the  central  high  school  of  Philadelphia  in  1859; 
studied  law  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1863; 
correspondent  with  the  Army  of  the  Potomac  and 
a  Washington  correspondent  during  the  Civil  War; 
on  the  editorial  staff  of  the  Philadelphia  Public 
Ledger  from  1865  and  its  financial  editor  1883-1907; 
president  of  the  board  of  wardens  for  the  port  of 
Philadelphia  1891-1907;  elected  to  the  Sixtieth 
Congress  to  fill  the  vacancy  caused  by  the  resigna- 
tion of  John  E.  Reyburn;  reelected  to  the  Sixty- 
first  Congress,  and  served  from  November  5,  1907, 
until  his  death  in  Philadelphia,  Pa.,  December  15, 
1910. 

Cook,  John  C.,  a  Representative  from  Iowa; 
born  in  Seneca  county,  Ohio,  December  26,  1846; 
attended  the  common  schools;  studied  law,  was 
admitted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced  practice  in 
1867;  elected  judge  of  the  sixth  district  of  Iowa  in 
1878;  successfully  contested  the  election  of  Madi- 
son E.  Cutts  to  the  Forty-seventh  Congress  and 
served  only  March  3,  1883,  the  closing  day  of  the 


Congress;  elected  to  the  Forty-eighth  Congress  to 
fill  the  vacancy  caused  by  the  death  of  Mr.  Cutts; 
resumed  the  practice  of  law  in  Newton,  Iowa. 

Cook,  John  Parsons,  a  Representative  from 
Iowa;  born  in  Whitestown,  Oneida  county,  N.  Y., 
August  31, 1817;  moved  to  Davenport,  Iowa;  mem- 
ber of  the  Iowa  territorial  council;  served  in  the 
state  senate;  elected  as  a  Whig  to  the  Thirty- third 
Congress  (March  4,  1853-March  3,  1855);  died  in 
Davenport,  Iowa,  April  17,  1872. 

Cook,  Orchard,  a  Representative  from  Massa- 
chusetts: born  in  Salem,  Mass.,  March  24,  1763; 
attended  the  public  schools;  engaged  in  mercan- 
tile pursuits;  assessor  of  Pownahboroudi  in  1786; 
town  clerk  of  New  Milfotd,  district  of  Maine,  1795- 
1797;  justice  of  the  peace;  judge  of  the  court  of 
common  pleas  for  Lincoln  county  1799-1810;  ap- 
pointed assistant  assessor  of  twenty-fifth  district 
in  November,  1798;  overseer  of  Bowdoin  college 
1800-1805;  elected  to  the  Ninth,  Tenth,  and 
Eleventh  Congresses  (March  4,  1805-March  3, 
1811);  sheriff  of  Lincoln  county  1811-1819;  post- 
master of  Wiscasset,  Me.,  until  his  death  there 
August  12,  1819. 

Cook,  Philip,  a  Representative  from  Georgia; 
born  in  Twiggs  county,  Ga.,  July  31,  1817;  was 
graduated  from  Oglethorpe  university,  Georgia, 
and  from  the  law  department  of  the  University  of 
Virginia  in  1840;  practiced  in  Forsyth,  Ga.,  1841- 
1842;  removed  successively  to  Sumter  county, 
Lanier,  and  to  Oglethorpe  county,  where  he  con- 
tinued practice  until  1869;  elected  to  the  state 
senate  in  1859,  1860,  and  1863;  member  of  the  state 
convention  in  1865;  entered  the  Confederate  serv- 
ice in  1861  as  a  private;  commissioned  first  lieuten- 
ant, lieutenant  colonel,  colonel,  and  in  August, 
1863,  brigadier  general;  removed  to  Americus,  Ga., 
in  1885;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Forty-third, 
Forty-fourth,  Forty-fifth,  Forty-sixth,  and  Forty- 
seventh  Congresses  (March  4,  1873-March  3,  1883); 
resumed  the  practice  of  law  in  Americus,  Ga.; 
state  capitol  commissioner  1882;  elected  secretary 
of  state  in  1890,  and  served  until  his  death  in 
Atlanta,  Ga.,  May  24,  1894;  interment  in  Rose  Hill 
cemetery,  Macon,  Ga. 

Cook,  Samuel  Andrew,  a  Representative  from 
Wisconsin;  born  in  Ontario  January  28,  1849;  at- 
tended the  common  schools  in  Fond  du  Lac  and 
Calumet  counties;  enlisted  as  a  private  in  company 
A,  second  Wisconsin  cavalry,  and  served  until  the 
end  of  the  war;  lived  on  a  farm  in  Calumet  county 
until  1872,  when  he  located  in  Marathon  county  and 
engaged  in  business;  moved  to  Neenah,  Winnebago 
county,  in  1881;  elected  mayor  of  Neenah  in  1889; 
member  of  the  state  legislature  in  1891-92;  dele- 
gate to  the  Republican  national  convention  in 
Minneapolis  in  1892;  elected  as  a  Republican  to 
the  Fifty-fourth  Congress  (March  4,  1875-March  3, 
1877) ;  a  manufacturer  of  print  paper,  with  residence 
in  Neenah,  Wis. 

Cook,  Zadock,  a  Representative  from  Georgia; 
born  in  Georgia  in  1769;  member  of  the  general 
assembly  for  several  years;  elected  to  the  Four- 
teenth Congress  to  fill  the  vacancy  caused  by 
the  resignation  of  Alfred  Cuthbert;  reelected  to  the 
Fifteenth  Congress;  served  from  January  23,  1817, 
to  March  3,  1819;  died  in  Athens,  Ga. 

Copke,  Bates,  a  Representative  from  New  York; 
born  in  Wallingford,  Conn.,  December  23,  1787; 
attended  the  public  schools;  moved  to  New  York 


BIOGRAPHIES. 


567 


and  participated  in  the  War  of  1812;  elected  as  an 
anti-Mason  to  the  Twenty-second  Congress  (March 
4,  1831-March  3,  1833);  comptroller  of  the  state  of 
New  York  in  February,  1839;  bank  commissioner 
from  May  14,  1841,  until  his  death  in  Lewiston, 
N.  Y.,  May  31,  1841. 

Cooke,  Edward  Dean,  a  Representative  from 
Illinois;  born  in  Cascade,  Dubuque  county,  Iowa, 
October  17,  1849;  attended  the  common  schools, 
Cascade  academy,  and  the  high  school  of  Dubuque; 
studied  law  at  the  Columbian  University,  Washing- 
ton, D.  C. ;  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1873  in  Washing- 
ton, Dubuque,  and  Chicago;  located  in  the  last- 
named  city;  elected  a  representative  to  the  state 
legislature  in  1882  as, a  Republican;  elected  to  the 
Fifty-fourth  and  Fifty-fifth  Congresses  and  served 
from  March  4,  1895,  until  his  death  in  Washington, 
D.  C.,  June  23,  1897. 

Cooke,  Eleutheros,  a  Representative  from 
Ohio;  born  in  Granville,  N.  Y.,  December  25,  1787; 
studied  law  and  commenced  practice  in  Granville ; 
moved  to  Indiana  in  1817  and  to  Sandusky,  Ohio, 
in  1819;  member  of  the  state  house  of  representa- 
tives for  several  years;  elected  to  the  Twenty- 
second  Congress  (March  4,  1831-March  3,  1833); 
again  a  member  of  the  state  house  of  representa- 
tives; obtained  from  the  Ohio  legislature  in  1826 
the  first  charter  granted  to  a  railroad  in  the  United 
States — the  Mad  River  &  Lake  Erie  railroad — and 
ground  was  broken  for  it  in  1832;  died  in  Sandusky, 
Ohio,  December  28,  1864. 

Cooke,  Josiah  Platt,  a  Delegate  from  Con- 
necticut; born  in  Stratford,  Conn.,  January  4,  1730; 
was  graduated  from  Yale  college  in  1750;  colonel  in 
command  of  Continental  forces  when  the  British 
burned  Danbury,  April  27,  1777;  member  of  Con- 
necticut legislature  1776,  1778,  1780-1781,  1782- 
1784;  Delegate  to  the  Continental  Congress  1784- 
1788;  died  in  Danbury,  Conn.,  February  8,  1816. 

Cooke,  Thomas  Burrage,  a  Representative 
from  New  York;  born  in  Wallingford,  Conn.,  in 
1778;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Twelfth  Con- 
gress (March  4,  1811-March  3,  1813);  member  of  the 
state  house  of  representatives  in  1838  and  1839; 
died  in  1853. 

Coolidge,  Frederick  Spaulding,  a  Representa- 
tive from  Massachusetts;  born  in  Westminster, 
Mass.,  December  7,  1841;  attended  the  common 
schools;  manager  of  the  Boston  chair  manufactur- 
ing company,  and  of  the  Leominster  rattan  works ; 
selectman  of  his  native  town  for  three  years,  and 
held  other  offices;  member  of  the  Democratic  State 
central  committee;  Democratic  elector  in  1888; 
representative  to  the  general  court  of  Massachu- 
setts in  1875;  elected  to  the  Fifty-second  Congres, 
(March  4,  1891-March  3,  1893);  died  in  Fitchburg, 
Mass.,  June  8,  1906. 

Coombs,  Frank  L.,  a  Representative  from 
California;  born  in  Napa,  Cal.,  December  27,  1853; 
attended  the  public  schools  of  California  and  the 
law  school  of  Columbian  university,  Washington, 
D.  C.,  was  graduated  from  the  latter  institution  in 
1875,  and  admitted  to  the  practice  of  law;  district 
attorney  of  Napa  county,  Cal.,  1880-1885;  member 
of  the  California  legislature  1887,  1889,  1891,  and 
1897,  and  speaker  of  the  assembly  in  1891  and  1897; 
served  as  United  States  minister  to  Japan  for  the 
unexpired  term  occasioned  by  the  death  of  John 
F.  Swift,  from  June,  1892,  to  August,  1893;  State 
librarian  of  California  from  April  1,  1898,  to  April 
1,  1899;  United  States  attorney  for  the  northern 


district  of  California  from  April  1,  1898,  to  March 

I,  1901;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Fifty- 
seventh  Congress  (March  4,  1901-March  3,  1903); 
resumed  the  practice  of  law  in  Napa,  Cal. 

Coombs,  William  Jerome,  a  Representative 
from  New  York;  born  in  Jordan,  Onondaga  county, 
N.  Y.,  December  24,  1833;  was  graduated  from  the 
Jordan  academy;  moved  to  New  York  City  in  1850, 
and  in  1855  took  up  his  residence  in  Brooklyn;  in 
1856  entered  upon  the  business  of  exporting  Ameri- 
can goods  and  continued  for  thirty-seven  years, 
dealing  with  practically  every  market  in  the  world ; 
in  1888  was  an  unsuccessful  candidate  for  Congress 
on  the  Tariff  Reform  ticket;  elected  to  the  Fifty- 
second  and  Fifty-third  Congresses  (March  4,  1891- 
March  3,  1895);  appointed  a  director  of  the  Union 
Pacific  railroad  by  President  Cleveland,  with 
special  commission  to  collect  the  debts  due  the 
Government  from  the  various  Pacific  railroads;  a 
resident  of  the  Borough  of  Brooklyn,  New  York 
City,  and  connected  with  trust  and  bank  organiza- 
tions. 

Cooney,  James,  a  Representative  from  Mis- 
souri ;  born  in  Ireland  July  28, 1848,  and  came  to  the 
United  States  with  his  father's  family  in  1852;  at- 
tended the  public  schools  and  the  State  Univer- 
sity of  Missouri;  in  1875  located  in  Marshall,  Mo., 
and  engaged  in  the  practice  of  law;  elected  to  the 
office  of  probate  judge  in  1880;  prosecuting  attorney 
in  1882  and  1884;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the 
Fifty-fifth,  Fifty-sixth,  and  Fifty-seventh  Con- 
gresses (March  4,  1897-March  3,  1903);  died  in  Mar- 
shall, Mo.,  November  16,  1904. 

Cooper,  Allen  Foster,  a  Representative  from 
Pennsylvania;  born  in  Franklin  township,  Fa- 
yette  county.  Pa.,  June  16, 1862;  attended  the  pub- 
lic schools  of  his  native  township;  was  graduated 
from  the  state  normal  school  of  California,  Pa.,  in 
1882;  attended  Mount  Union  college,  Ohio,  in  1883; 
taught  school  for  six  years;  was  graduated  from  the 
law  department  of  the  University  of  Michigan  at 
Ann  Arbor  in  1888;  was  admitted  to  practice  De- 
cember 4,  1888;  was  elected  to  the  Fifty-eighth, 
Fifty-ninth,  Sixtieth,  and  Sixty-first  Congresses 
(March  4,  1903-March  3,  1911);  resumed  business 
and  the  practice  of  law  in  Uniontown,  Pa. 

Cooper,  Charles  M.,  a  Representative  from 
Florida;  born  in  Athens,  Ga.,  January  16,  1856; 
when  a  child  moved  with  his  parents  to  Florida; 
admitted  to  the  bar  in  1877;  elected  to  the  lower 
house  of  legislature  in  1880;  to  the  state  senate  in 
1884;  appointed  attorney  general  of  the  state  in 
1885  for  term  of  four  years;  appointed  in  1889  one 
of  three  commissioners  to  revise  the  statutes  of  the 
state;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Fifty-third  and 
Fifty-fourth  Congresses  (March  4,  1893-March  3, 
1897);  resumed  the  practic'e  of  law  in  Jacksonville, 
Fla. 

Cooper,  Edmund,  a  Representative  from  Ten- 
nessee; born  in  Franklin,  Tenn.,  September 

II,  1821;  was  graduated  from  Jackson  college  in 
1839;  studied  law  at  Harvard  college  and  com- 
menced practice  in  Bedford  county,  Tenn.;  mem- 
ber of  the  state  house  of  representatives  in  1849; 
Union  delegate  to  the  state  constitutional  conven- 
tion of  1861;  again  elected  to  the  state  house  of 
representatives,  but  in  1865  resigned;  elected  as  a 
Conservative  to    the  Thirty-ninth  Congress,  and 
served  from  July  13,  1866,  to  March  3,  1867;   ap- 
pointed by  President  Johnson  Assistant  Secretary 
of  the  Treasury  November  20,  1867,  and  served 
until  March  20,  1869. 


568 


CONGRESSIONAL   DIRECTORY. 


Cooper,  George  B.,  a  Representative  from 
Michigan;  born  in  Long  Hill,  N.  J.,  June  6,  1808; 
attended  the  public  schools;  moved  to  Ann  Arbor, 
Mich.,  in  1830,  and  to  Jackson,  Mich.,  in  1835,  and 
engaged  in  mercantile  pursuits;  postmaster  of  Jack- 
son for  eleven  years;  state  treasurer  of  Michigan  for 
two  years;  member  of  the  state  senate  1837-1838; 
representative  in  1842;  presented  credentials  as 
Member-elect  to  the  Thirty-sixth  Congress,  but  his 
election  was  successfully  contested  by  William  A. 
Howard;  served  from  December  5,  1859,  to  May  15, 
1860;  returned  to  New  Jersey  and  died  in  Wall 
township,  Monmouth  county,  in  November,  1866. 

Cooper,  George  William,  a  Representative 
from  Indiana ;  born  in  Bartholomew  county,  Ind . , 
May  21,  1851;  attended  the  public  schools  and  was 
graduated  from  the  Indiana  State  University,  lit- 
erary and  law  courses,  in  1872;  elected  prosecuting 
attorney  in  1872;  mayor  of  the  city  of  Columbus 
in  1877;  city  attorney  of  Columbus  for  four  years; 
elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Fifty-first,  Fifty- 
second,  and  Fifty-third  Congresses  (March  4,  1889- 
March  3,  1895);  resumed  the  practice  of  law  in 
Columbus,  Ind.;  died  in  Chicago,  111.,  November 
27,  1899. 

Cooper,  Henry,  a  Senator  from  Tennessee;  born 
in  Columbia,  Tenn.,  August  22, 1827 ;  was  graduated 
from  Jackson  college  in  1847;  studied  law,  was 
admitted  to  the  bar  in  1849,  and  commenced 
practice  in  Shelby ville  in  1850;  member  of  the 
state  legislature  in  1853  and  1857;  appointed 
judge  of  the  seventh  judicial  circuit  of  Tennessee 
in  April,  1862,  and  resigned  in  January,  1866; 
chosen  professor  in  the  law  school  at  Lebanon, 
Tenn.,  September  1,  1866,  but  resigned  in  June, 
1867,  and  moved  to  Nashville,  where  he  resumed 
the  practice  of  law;  elected  to  the  state  senate  in 
1869  and  1870;  elected  a  United  States  Senator  as 
a  .Democrat  and  served  from  March  4,  1871,  to 
March  3,  1877;  was  killed  in  Mexico  February  4, 
1884. 

Cooper,  Henry  Allen,  a  Representative  from 
Wisconsin;  born  in  Spring  Prairie,  Wai  worth  county, 
Wis.,  September  8,  1850;  attended  the  common 
schools,  and  was  graduated  from  the  Northwestern 
University  in  1873,  and  from  the  Union  college  of 
law,  Chicago  in  1875;  was  admitted  to  the  bar; 
moved  to  Burlington,  Wis. ,  and  commenced  practice 
in  1879;  elected  district  attorney  of  Racine  county 
in  1880,  and  reelected  in  1882  and  1884;  moved  to 
Racine,  Wis.,  in  1881;  delegate  in  the  Republican 
national  convention  of  1884 ;  state  senator  1887-1889 ; 
unsuccessful  candidate  for  the  Fifty-second  Con- 
gress; elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Fifty-third, 
and  to  the  eight  succeeding  Congresses  (March  4, 
1893-March  3,  1911) ;  delegate  at  large  from  Wiscon- 
sin in  the  Republican  national  convention  of  1908. 
Reelected  to  the  Sixty-second  Congress. 

Cooper,  James,  a  Representative  and  a  Senator 
from  Pennsylvania;  born  in  Frederick  county, 
Md.,  May  8,  1810;  was  graduated  from  Washington 
college,  Pa.,  in  1832;  studied  law,  in  1834  admitted 
to  the  bar,  and  commenced  practice  in  Gettysburg, 
Pa.;  elected  as  a  Whig  to  the  Twenty-sixth  and 
Twenty-seventh  Congresses  (March  4,  1839-March 
3,  1843);  member  of  the  state  legislature  in  1843, 
1844,  1846,  and  1848,  and  served  as  speaker  one 
term;  removed  to  Potts  ville,  Pa.;  attorney  gen- 
eral of  Pennsylvania  in  1848;  elected  a  United 
States  Senator  and  served  from  March  4,  1849,  to 
March  3,  1855;  moved  to  Philadelphia;  authorized 


by  President  Lincoln  to  raise  a  brigade  of  loyal 
Marylanders,  and  commissioned  brigadier  general 
May  7,  1861;  served  in  West  Virginia  under  Gen. 
Fremont;  appointed  commandant  at  Camp  Chase, 
near  Cincinnnati,  Ohio,  and  died  there  March  28, 
1863. 

Cooper,  John,  a  Delegate  from  New  Jersey; 
born  near  Woodbury,  N.  J.,  May  11, 1729;  member 
of  the  committee  of  correspondence  for  Gloucester 
county;  treasurer  of  the  western  division  of  New 
Jersey;  member  of  the  Provisional  Congress;  mem- 
ber of  the  committee  that  drafted  the  first  consti- 
tution of  New  Jersey;  Delegate  to  the  Continental 
Congress  in  1776;  member  of  the  state  senate  from 
1776  until  1782;  elected  judge  of  the  Gloucester 
county  courts  in  1779;  reelected  in  1784  and  served 
until  his  death  in  Woodbury,  N.  J.,  in  1785. 

Cooper,  Mark  Antony,  a  Representative  from 
Georgia;  born  in  Hancock  county,  Ga.,  April  20, 
1800;  was  graduated  from  the  South  Carolina  col- 
lege in  1819;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar 
in  1821;  commenced  practice  in  Eatonton,  and  a 
little  later  moved  to  Columbus;  in  1825,  and  again 
in  1836,  served  in  the  campaigns  against  the  Semi- 
nole  Indians  in  Florida;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to 
the  Twenty-sixth  Congress  (March  4,  1839-March  3, 
1841);  elected  to  the  Twenty -seventh  Congress  on 
a  general  ticket,  to  fill  in  part  vacancies  caused  by 
the  resignations  of  three  representatives;  was  re- 
elected  to  the  Twenty-eighth  Congress  and  served 
from  February  1,  1842,  until  1843,  when  he  resigned 
to  become  Democratic  candidate  for  governor  of 
Georgia,  and  was  defeated;  died  in  Columbus,  Ga., 
March  17,  1885. 

Cooper,  Richard  Matlack,  a  Representative 
from  New  Jersey;  born  in  Gloucester  county,  N.  J., 
February  29,  1768;  completed  a  preparatory  course; 
member  of  the  state  house  of  representatives  for  sev- 
eral years;  elected  to  the  Twenty-first  and  Twenty- 
second  Congresses  (March  4,  1829-March  3,  1833); 
president  of  the  state  bank  of  New  Jersey  for 
several  years;  died  in  Camden,  N.  J.,  March  10, 
1844. 

Cooper,  Samuel  Bronson,  a  Representative 
from  Texas;  born  in  Caldwell  county,  Ky.,  May  30, 
1850;  moved  with  his  parents  to  Texas  the  same 
year  and  located  in  Wood  ville,  Tyler  county;  at- 
tended the  common  schools;  read  law,  admitted  to 
the  bar  in  1871,  and  began  practice  in  Woodville  in 
January,  1872;  elected  attorney  of  Tyler  county  in 
1876  and  1878;  to  the  state  senate  in  1880  and  1882; 
appointed  collector  of  internal  revenue  of  the  first 
district  of  Texas  by  President  Cleveland  in  1885; 
defeated  as  a  candidate  for  district  judge  in  1888; 
elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Fifty-third  and  the 
five  succeeding  Congresses  (March  4,  1893-March  3, 
1905);  reelected  to  the  Sixtieth  Congress  (March  4, 
1907-March  3,  1909);  appointed  United  States  gen- 
eral appraiser  at  the  port  of  New  York  City  by 
President  Taft  in  1910. 

Cooper,  Thomas,  a  Representative  from  Dela- 
ware; born  in  Little  Creek  Hundred.  Sussex  county, 
Del.,  in  1764;  completed  preparatory  studies; 
studied  law,  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  180*5; 
member  of  the  state  house  of  representatives  1803- 
1808;  served  in  the  state  senate  in  1808;  elected  as 
a  Federalist  to  the  Thirteenth  and  Fourteenth  Con- 
gresses (March  4, 1813-March3, 1817);  resumed  the 
practice  of  law  in  Georgetown,  Del.,  until  his  death 
in  1829. 


BIOGEAPHIES. 


569 


Cooper,  Thomas  Buchecker,  a  Representa- 
tive from  Pennsylvania;  born  in  Coopersburg,  Pa., 
December  29,  1823;  was  graduated  from  Pennsyl- 
vania college  (now  the  University  of  Pennsyl- 
vania) in  1843;  studied  medicine  at  the  University 
of  Pennsylvania,  and  commenced  practice  in 
Coopersburg;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Thirty- 
seventh  Congress  and  served  from  March  4,  1861, 
until  his  death  in  Coopersburg,  Pa.,  April  4,  1862. 

Cooper,  William,  a  Representative  from  New 
York;  born  in  Pennsylvania,  December  2,  1754; 
went  to  Burlington,  N.  J.,  and  moved  to  Otsego 
county,  N.  Y.,  in  1786,  and  founded  Coopers- 
town;  lawyer;  appointed  first  judge  of  the  court 
of  common  pleas  for  Otsego  county,  February 
17,  1791;  elected  as  a  Federalist  to  the  Fourth 
Congress  (March  4,  1795-March  3,  1797);  reelected 
to  the  Sixth  Congress  March  4,  1799-March  3,  1801) ; 
died  in  Albany,  N.  Y.,  December  22,  1809;  inter- 
ment in  Cooperstown,  N.  Y. 

Cooper,  William  Craig,  a  Representative  from 
Ohio;  born  in  Mount  Vernon,  Ohio,  December  18, 
1832;  attended  the  public  schools  and  Mount  Ver- 
non academy;  studied  law  and  was  admitted  to 
the  bar  in  1853;  prosecuting  attorney  of  Knox 
county,  1859-1863;  mayor  of  Mount  Vernon  April, 
1862-April,  1864;  member  of  the  general  assembly 
of  Ohio  January,  1872-January,  1874;  judge  advo- 
cate general  of  Ohio,  January,  1879-January,  1884; 
member  of  the  board  of  education  of  Mount  Vernon 
and  president  of  the  board;  elected  as  a  Repub- 
lican to  the  Forty-ninth,  Fiftieth,  and  Fifty-first 
Congresses  (March  4,  1885-March  3,  1891);  died 
in  Mount  Vernon,  Ohio,  August  29,  1902. 

Cooper,  William  R.,  a  Representative  from 
New  Jersey;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Twenty- 
sixth  Congress  (March  4,  1839-March  3,  1841). 

Corbett,  Henry  Winslow,  a  Senator  from 
Oregon;  born  in  Westboro,  Mass.,  February  18, 
1827;  moved  with  his  parents  to  Washington 
county,  N.  Y.;  pursued  preparatory  studies  in 
Cambridge  academy;  engaged  in  business  in 
Cambridge,  N.  Y.,  in  1840;  moved  to  New  York 
City  in  1843,  and  was  engaged  in  business  there 
until- 1851;  went  with  a  stock  of  goods  around 
Cape  Horn  to  Portland,  Oreg.,  in  1851;  city  treas- 
urer, member  of  the  city  council,  and  chairman 
of  the  Republican  state  central  committee;  elected 
a  United  States  Senator  as  a  Union  Republican 
and  served  from  March  4,  1867,  to  March  3,  1873; 
was  appointed  a  United  States  Senator,  March  6, 
1897,  to  fill  a  vacancy  caused  by  the  expiration 
of  a  term  on  March  3,  1897 — the  legislature  having 
met  and  failed  to  elect;  credentials  were  presented 
March  15,  1897,  but  he  was  not  permitted  to 
qualify  and  the  Senate  by  resolution  of  January 
26,  1898,  declared  he  was  not  entitled  to  the 
seat;  died  in  Portland,  Oreg.,  March  31,  1903. 

Corker,  Stephen  A.,  a  Representative  from 
Georgia;  elected  upon  the  readmission  of  Georgia 
to  the  Union,  to  the  Forty -first  Congress;  qualified 
under  the  act  of  July  11,  1868,  and  served  from 
January  24,  1871,  to  March  3,  1871. 

Corlett,  William  W.,  a  Delegate  from  Wyoming 
Territory;  was  elected  a  Delegate  as  a  Republican 
to  the  Forty-fifth  Congress  (March  4,  1877-March 
3,  1879). 

Corley,  Manuel  Simeon,  a  Representative 
from  South  Carolina;  born  in  Lexington  county, 
S.  C.,  February  10,  1823;  was  a  student  in  Lexing- 


ton academy  four  years;  engaged  in  business  in 
1838;  opposed  the  first  attempt  at  secession  of  South 
Carolina  in  1852,  when  an  attempt  was  made  to 
expel  him  from  the  state;  editor  of  the  South  Caro- 
lina Temperance  Standard  in  1855  and  1856;  en- 
tered the  Confederate  army  in  1863;  captured  by 
the  National  troops  at  Petersburg,  Va.,  April  2, 
1865;  took  the  oath  of  allegiance  June  5,  1865; 
delegate  to  the  constitutional  convention  of  South 
Carolina  in  1867;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the 
Fortieth  Congress  (March  4,  1867-March  3,  1869); 
special  agent  of  the  United  States  Treasury  in 
1869;  commissioner  of  agricultural  statistics  of 
South  Carolina  in  1870;  treasurer  of  Lexington 
county  in  1874;  died  in  Lexington,  S.  C.,  Novem- 
ber 20,  1902. 

Corliss,  John  Blaisdell,  a  Representative  from 
Michigan;  born  in  Richford,  Vt.,  June  7,  1851; 
attended  the  Vermont  Methodist  university;  was 
graduated  from  the  Columbian  law  school,  Wash- 
ington, D.  C.,  in  1875;  settled  in  Detroit  in  Sep- 
tember, 1875,  and  engaged  in  practice;  city  at- 
torney of  Detroit  in  1881-1885;  elected  as  a  Repub- 
lican to  the  Fifty-fourth,  Fifty-fifth,  Fifty-sixth, 
and  Fifty-seventh  Congresses  (March  4,  1895- 
March  3,  1903);  resumed  the  practice  of  law  in 
Detroit,  Mich. 

Cornell,  Ezekiel,  a  Delegate  from  Rhode  Island; 
born  in  Scituate,  R.  I. ;  attended  the  public  schools; 
mechanic;  appointed  lieutenant  colonel  in  Hitch- 
cock's Rhode  Island  regiment  in  1775;  was  present 
at  the  seige  of  Boston,  was  made  deputy  adjutant 
general  October  1,  1776;  appointed  brigadier  gen- 
eral of  state  troops  in  1776  and  served  until  March 
16,  1780;  Delegate  to  the  Continental  Congress 
1780-1783;  retired  to  his  farm  at  Scituate,  where 
he  spent  the  remainder  of  his  life. 

Cornell,  Thomas,  a  Representative  from  New 
York;  born  in  White  Plains,  N.  Y.,  January  27, 
1814;  attended  the  public  schools;  engaged  in 
steamboat  transportation  business  between  Ron- 
dout  and  New  York  City  in  1843;  president  of  sev- 
eral corporations;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the 
Fortieth  Congress  (March  4,  1867-March  3,  1869); 
defeated  for  the  Forty-first  Congress;  reelected  to 
the  Forty-seventh  Congress  (March  4,  1881-March 
3,  1883);  delegate  to  the  Republican  national  con- 
vention of  1884;  Republican  Presidential  elector 
in  1888;  died  in  Rondout,  N.  Y.,  March  30, 1890. 

Corning,  Erastus,  a  Representative  from  New 
York;  born  in  Norwich,  Conn.,  December  14,  1794; 
moved  to  Troy,  N.  Y.,  and  then  to  Albany  in  1814 
and  established  himself  in  iron  manufacturing; 
state  senator  1842-1845;  alderman  for  several  years 
and  subsequently  mayor;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to 
the  Thirty-fifth  Congress  (March  4,  1857-March  3, 
1859);  defeated  for  the  Thirty -sixth  Congress; 
member  of  the  peace  conference  of  1861;  again 
elected  to  the  Thirty-seventh  and  Thirty-eighth 
Congresses  and  served  from  March  4,  1861,  until 
March  3,  1863;  resigned  before  taking  his  seat  in 
the  Thirty-eighth  Congress;  delegate  to  the  state 
constitutional  convention  of  1867;  died  in  Albany, 
N.  Y.,  April  9,  1872. 

Cornish,  Johnston,  a  Representative  from 
New  Jersey ;  born  in  Bethlehem,  Hunterdon  county, 
N.  J.,  June  13,  1858;  attended  the  district  school 
of  Bethlehem  township,  and  was  graduated  from 
the  business  college  of  Easton.  Pa.;  engaged  in 
manufacturing;  elected  mayor  of  Washington,  N.  J., 
in  1884  and  in  1886;  .declined  renomination  in 


570 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTOEY. 


1887  and  1888;  member  of  the  state  senate  in  1890; 
elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Fifty-third  Congress 
(March  4,  1893-March  3, 1895);  member  of  the  state 
senate  1899-1911;  a  resident  of  Washington,  N.  J., 
and  interested  in  manufacturing  and  banking. 

Corwin,  Franklin,  a  Representative  from 
Illinois;  born  in  Lebanon,  Ohio,  January  12,  1818; 
studied  law,  and  in  1839  admitted  to  the  bar; 
served  in  both  branches  of  the  state  legislature; 
moved  to  Peru,  111.,  in  1857;  served  in  the  state 
legislature  and  was  speaker  of  the  house  for  two 
terms;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Forty-third 
Congress  (March  4,  1873-March  3,  1875);  defeated 
for  the  Forty-fourth  Congress;  resumed  the  prac- 
tice of  law  in  Peru,  111.;  died  there  June  15,  1879. 

Corwin,  Moses  Bledso,  a  Representative  from 
Ohio;  born  in  Bourbon  county,  Ky.,  January  5, 
1790;  spent  the  early  part  of  his  life  on  a  farm; 
attended  the  public  schools;  studied  law,  admitted 
to  the  bar  in  1812,  and  commenced  practice  in 
Urbana,  Ohio;  member  of  the  state  house  of  rep- 
resentatives in  1838-1839;  elected  as  a  Whig  to  the 
Thirty-first  Congress  (March  4, 1849-March  3, 1851); 
reelected  to  the  Thirty-third  Congress  (March 
4, 1853-March  3, 1855);  died  in  Urbana,  Ohio,  April 
7,  1872. 

Corwin,  Thomas,  a  Representative  and  a 
Senator  from  Ohio;  born  in  Bourbon  county,  Ky., 
July  29, 1794;  moved  with  his  parents  to  Lebanon, 
Ohio,  in  1798;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to 
the  bar  in  1817,  and  commenced  practice  in 
Lebanon,  Ohio;  prosecuting  attorney  of  Warren 
county  1818-1828;  member  of  the  state  legislature 
1822-1823,  and  1829;  elected  as  a  Whig  to  the 
Twenty-second,  Twenty-third,  Twenty -fourth, 
Twenty-fifth,  and  Twenty-sixth  Congresses,  and 
served  from  March  4,  1831,  to  February  22,  1840, 
when  he  resigned,  to  take  effect  May  1,  1840; 
elected  governor  of  Ohio  in  November,  1840; 
defeated  in  1842;  president  of  the  Ohio  Whig  con- 
vention of  1844;  declined  a  nomination  for  gov- 
ernor that  year;  presidential  elector  on  the  Clay 
ticket  in  1844;  elected  to  the  United  States  Senate 
and  served  from  March  4,  1845,  to  July  20,  1850, 
when  he  resigned,  having  been  appointed  Secre- 
tary of  the  Treasury  by  President  Fillmore,  and 
served  from  July  23,  1850,  to  March  7,  1853;  again 
elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Thirty-sixth  and 
Thirty-seventh  Congresses  and  served  from  March 
4,  1859,  to  March  12,  1861,  when  he  was  appointed 
by  President  Lincoln  United  States  minister  to 
Mexico  and  served  in  that  capacity  until  Septem- 
ber 1,  1864;  located  in  Washington,  D.  C.,  where 
he  died,  December  18,  1865. 

Cosden,  Jeremiah,  a  Representative  from 
Maryland ;  presented  creden  tials  as  a  member-elect 
to  the  Seventeenth  Congress,  took  his  seat,  and 
served  from  March  4, 1821,  to  March  19, 1822,  when 
he  was  succeeded  by  Philip  Reed,  who  contested 
his  election. 

Cosgrove,  John,  a  Representative  from  Mis- 
souri; born  in  Jefferson  county,  N.  Y.,  September 
12,  1839;  attended  the  schools  of  New  York; 
studied  law  in  Watertown  and  admitted  to  the 
bar  in  October,  1863;  moved  to  Missouri  and  was 
elected  prosecuting  attorney  of  Cooper  county  in 
November,  1872,  and  held  the  office  two  years; 
city  attorney  of  Boonville,  Mo.,  from  April,  1877, 
to  April,  1878,  and  from  April,  1879,  to  April,  1881; 
elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Forty-eighth  Congress 
(March  4,  1883-March  3,  1885);  resumed  the  prac- 
tice of  law  in  Boonville,  Mo. 


Cothran,  James  Sproull,  a  Representative 
from  South  Carolina;  born  in  Abbeville  county 
(then  district),  S.  C.,  August  8, 1830;  was  graduated 
from  the  University  of  Georgia  in  Athens  in  1852; 
studied  law  and  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1854; 
entered  the  Confederate  service  as  a  private  at  the 
beginning  of  the  Civil  War  and  was  with  his  com- 
pany at  the  surrender  of  the  Army  of  Northern 
Virginia  at  Appomattox,  having  attained  the  rank 
of  captain;  resumed  the  practice  of  law  in  Abbe- 
ville; elected  solicitor  of  the  eighth  judicial  circuit 
in  1876  and  in  1880;  appointed  to  the  judgeship  of 
the  circuit  to  fill  a  vacancy  caused  by  the  death  of 
Judge  Thomson  in  1881;  elected  by  the  legislature 
to  the  same  office  the  following  winter,  and  re- 
elected  in  1885;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the 
Fiftieth  and  Fifty-first  Congresses  (March  4,  1887- 
March  3,  1891);  resumed  the  practice  of  law  in 
Abbeville,  S.  C.;  died  in  a  sanitarium  in  the  state 
of  New  York,  December  5,  1897. 

Cottman,  Joseph  S.,  a  Representative  from 
Maryland;  born  in  Somerset  County,  Md.,  August 
16,  1803 ;  completed  preparatory  studies;  studied 
law,  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1826,  and  commenced 
practice  in  Upper  Trappe,  Md . ;  presidential  elector 
on  the  Taylor  and  Fillmore  ticket  in  1848;  elected 
as  an  Independent  Whig  to  the  Thirty-second  Con- 
gress (March  4,  1851-March  3,  1853);  died  in  Upper 
Trappe,  Md.,  in  1863. 

Cotton,  Aylett  Raines,  a  Representative  from 
Iowa;  born  in  Austintown,  Ohio,  November  29, 1826; 
moved  with  his  father  to  Iowa  in  1844;  student  in 
Allegheny  college,  Meadville,  Pa.,  in  1845;  taught 
school  in  Fayette  county,  Tenn.,  in  1846-1847; 
studied  law,  and  in  1848  admitted  to  the  bar;  went 
to  California  in  1849,  and  in  1851  returned  to  Lyons, 
Iowa;  county  judge  of  Clinton  county  in  1851-1853; 
prosecuting  attorney  in  1854;  member  of  the  state 
constitutional  convention  in  1857;  member  of  the 
state  house  of  representatives  1868-1870,  and  served 
as  speaker  the  last  term;  elected  as  a  Republican  to 
the  Forty-second  and  Forty-third  Congresses 
(March  4,  1871-March  3,  1875);  returned  to  Califor- 
nia in  1883,  and  resumed  the  practice  of  law  in  San 
Francisco. 

Cottrell,  James  La  Fayette,  a  Representative 
from  Alabama;  born  in  King  William  county,  Va., 
August  25,  1808;  completed  preparatory  studies; 
studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar  and  prac- 
ticed ;  elected  to  the  state  house  of  representatives 
in  1834,  1836,  and  1837,  and  to  the  state  senate  in 
1838  for  three  years,  and  served  as  president  in 
1840;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Twenty-ninth 
Congress,  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  the  resignation 
of  William  L.  Yancey,  and  served  from  December 
7,  1846,  to  March  3,  1847;  nominated  on  the  Cass 
electoral  ticket  in  1848,  but  resigned;  moved  to 
Florida;  member  of  the  state  senate  for  several 
terms,  beginning  with  1865;  appointed  collector  of 
customs  in  Cedar  Keys,  Fla.,  and  served  until  his 
death,  September  7,  1885. 

Coudrey,  Harry  Marcy,  a  Representative  from 
Missouri;  born  in  Brunswick,  Mo.,  February  28, 
1867;  moved  to  St.  Louis  in  1878,  where  he  attend- 
ed the  public  schools;  was  graduated  from  the  Man- 
ual training  school  in  1886;  from  1897  to  1899  mem- 
ber of  the  municipal  assembly;  identified  with 
many  corporations,  clubs,  and  financial  institu- 
tions; elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Fifty-ninth 
Congress,  but  was  not  seated  until  near  the  end  of 
the  first  session,  after  successfully  contesting  the 
election  of  Ernest  E.  Wood,  Democrat;  reelected  to 


BIOGRAPHIES. 


571 


the  Sixtieth  and  Sixty-first  Congresses  (March  4, 
1907-March  3,  1911). 

Coulter,  Richard,  a  Representative  from  Penn- 
sylvania; born  in  Westmoreland  county,  Pa.; 
studied  law  and  practiced  in  Greensburg;  elected  to 
the  Twentieth,  Twenty-first,  Twenty-second,  and 
Twenty-third  Congresses  (March  4,  1827-March  3, 
1835);  judge  of  the  supreme  court  of  Pennsylvania; 
died  near  Greensburg,  Pa.,  April  21,  1852. 

Cousins,  Robert  Gordon,  a  Representative 
from  Iowa;  born  in  Cedar  county,  Iowa,  in  1859; 
attended  the  common  schools  and  was  graduated 
from  Cornell  college,  Mount  Vernon,  Iowa,  in  1881; 
was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1882,  and  engaged  in 
practice  in  Tipton,  Iowa;  elected  to  the  Iowa  legis- 
lature in  1886;  elected  prosecuting  attorney  and 
also  presidential  elector  in  1888;  elected  as  a  Re- 
publican to  the  Fifty- third,  and  to  the  seven 
succeeding  Congresses  (March  4,  1893-March  3, 
1909);  declined  renomination  for  the  Sixty-first 
Congress;  resumed  the  practice  of  law  in  Tipton, 
Iowa. 

Covert,  James  Way,  a  Representative  from  New 
York;  born  in  Oyster  Bay,  N.Y.,  September  2, 1842; 
attended  the  public  schools  and  an  academy  in  Lo- 
cust Valley,  N.  Y.;  studied  law  in  New  York  City 
and  Hushing;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1863,  and 
practiced  in  Flushing,  N.  Y.;  elected  school  com- 
missioner of  his  assembly  district  in  1867,  and  held 
the  position  three  years;  acted  as  assistant  district 
attorney  of  his  county;  elected  surrogate  of  Queens 
county  for  the  term  commencing  1870,  and  held 
the  position  four  years ;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the 
Forty-fifth  and  Forty-sixth  Congresses  (March  4, 
1877-March  3,  1881);  member  of  the  state  senate 
1882-1883;  reelected  to  the  Fifty-first,  Fifty-sec- 
ond, and  Fifty-third  Congresses  (March  4,  1889- 
March  3,  1895);  moved  to  Brooklyn,  N.  Y.,  and  re- 
sumed the  practice  of  law;  died  in  Brooklyn, 
N.  Y.,  May  16,  1910. 

Covington,  George  Washington,  a  Represent- 
ative from  Maryland;  born  in  Berlin,  Worcester 
county,  Md.,  September  12,  1838;  attended  Buck- 
ingham academy  and  the  law  school  of  Harvard 
university;  admitted  to  the  bar  and  practiced; 
member  of  the  constitutional  convention  of  Mary- 
land in  1867;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Forty- 
seventh  and  Forty-eighth  Congresses  (March  4, 
1881-March  3,  1885);  resumed  the  practice  of  law 
in  Snow  Hill,  Md. ;  died  in  New  York  City,  April  6, 
1911;  interment  in  All  Hallows  cemetery,  Snow 
Hill,  Md. 

Covington,  James  Harry,  a  Representative 
from  Maryland;  born  in  Easton,  Talbot  county, 
Md.,  May  3,  1870;  received  an  academic  training  in 
the  public  schools  of  Talbot  county  and  the  Mary- 
land military  academy;  entered  the  law  depart- 
ment of  the  University  of  Pennsylvania  in  1891; 
attended  at  the  same  time  special  lectures  in  his- 
tory, literature,  and  economics,  and  graduated 
with  the  degree  of  LL.  B.  in  1894;  practiced  his 
profession  in  Easton;  state's  attorney  for  Talbot 
county  in  1903  for  a  term  of  four  years;  reelected  in 
1907;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Sixty-first  Con- 
gress (March  4,  1909-March  3,  1911).  'Reelected  to 
the  Sixty-second  Congress. 

Covington,  Leonard,  a  Representative  from 
Maryland;  born  in  Aquasco,  Md.,  October  30,  1768; 
received  a  liberal  schooling;  entered  the  Army  as 


cornet  of  Cavalry  March  14,  1792;  promoted  to  a 
captaincy,  and  resigned  September  12,  1795;  en- 
gaged in  agricultural  pursuits;  member  of  the 
state  house  of  representatives  for  several  years; 
elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Ninth  Congress  (March 
4,  1805-March  3,  1807);  appointed  by  President 
Jefferson  lieutenant  colonel  of  light  dragoons  Jan- 
uary 9,  1809,  and  colonel  February  15,  1809;  pro- 
moted brigadier  general  August  1,  1813;  mortally 
wounded  at  the  battle  of  Chrystler's  field,  Novem- 
ber 11,  1813,  and  died  in  French's  Mills,  N.  Y., 
November  14,  1813. 

Covode,  John,  a  Representative  from  Pennsyl- 
vania; born  in  Westmoreland  county,  Pa.,  March 
17,  1808;  attended  the  public  schools;  engaged  in 
agriculture,  manufacturing,  and  transportation 
pursuits;  largely  interested  in  the  coal  trade; 
elected  to  the  Thirty-fourth  Congress  as  an  anti- 
Masonic  Whig,  and  as  a  Republican  to  the  Thirty- 
fifth,  Thirty-sixth,  and  Thirty-seventh  Congresses 
(March  4,  1857-March  3,  1863);  delegate  to  the 
Union  National  convention  in  Philadelphia,  Pa., 
August  14,  1866;  reelected  to  the  Fortieth  Con- 
gress (March  4,  1867-March  3,  1869);  presented 
credentials  as  a  Member-elect  to  the  Forty-first 
Congress,  but  was  refused  admission;  on  February 
9,  1870,  the  house  declared  Henry  D.  Foster  duly 
elected;  died  in  Harrisburg,  Pa.,  January  11, 1871. 

Cowan,  Edgar,  a  Senator  from  Pennsylvania; 
born  in  Westmoreland  County,  Pa.,  September  19, 
1815;  was  graduated  from  Franklin  college,  Ohio, 
1839;  by  turn  a  raftsman,  boat  builder,  school- 
master, and  student  of  medicine;  studied  law  and 
commenced  practice  in  Greensburg,  Pa.,  in  1842; 
presidential  elector  in  1860  on  the  Lincoln  and 
Hamlin  ticket;  elected  a  United  States  Senator  as 
a  Republican  and  served  from  March  4,  1861,  to 
March  3,  1867;  delegate  to  the  Union  national  con- 
vention at  Philadelphia  in  1866;  appointed  min- 
ister to  Austria  in  January,  1867,  by  President 
Johnson,  but  was  not  confirmed  by  the  Senate; 
died  in  Greensburg,  Pa.,  August  29,  1885. 

Cowan,  Jacob  Pitzer,  a  Representative  from 
Ohio;  born  in  Florence,  Pa.,  March  20, 1823;  moved 
with  his  parents  to  Steubenville,  Ohio,  in  1835; 
engaged  in  manufacturing  until  1843;  commenced 
the  study  of  medicine;  moved  to  Ashland  county, 
Ohio,  in  1846,  where  he  commenced  practice;  was 
graduated  from  Starling  medical  college,  Columbus, 
Ohio;  member  of  the  state  legislature  1855-1857; 
resumed  the  practice  of  medicine  in  1859;  elected 
as  a  Democrat  to  the  Forty-fourth  Congress  (March 
4,  1875-March  3,  1877);  resumed  the  practice  of 
medicine  until  his  death  in  Ashland,  Ohio,  July 
9,  1895. 

Co  wen,  Benjamin  Sprague,  a  Representative 
from  Ohio;  born  in  Washington  county,  N.  Y., 
September  27,  1793;  attended  the  common  schools; 
studied  medicine;  served  in  the  War  of  1812  as  a 
private;  moved  to  Moorefield,  Ohio,  in  1820,  where 
he  practiced  medicine  and  studied  law;  admitted 
to  the  bar  in  1829,  and  commenced  practice  in  St. 
Clairsville,  Ohio;  edited  the  Belmont  Chronicle, 
1836-1840;  delegate  to  the  national  Whig  conven- 
tion which  nominated  Harrison  and  Tyler  in  1839 ; 
elected  as  an  anti-Slavery  Whig  to  the  Twenty- 
seventh  Congress  (March  4,  1841-March  3,  1843); 
member  of  the  state  house  of  representatives  1845 
and  1846;  became  presiding  judge  of  the  court  of 
common  pleas  in  1847;  died  in  St.  Clairsville,  Ohio, 
September  27,  1860. 


572 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 


Cowen,  John  Kissig,  a  Representative  from 
Maryland;  bora  in  Millersburg,  Holmes  county, 
Ohio,  October  28, 1844;  attended  the  public  schools, 
the  academies  of  Fredericksburg  and  Hayesville, 
Ohio;  was  graduated  from  Princeton  college  in 
1866;  studied  at  the  law  school  of  the  Michigan 
University,  Ann  Arbor;  was  admitted  to  the  bar 
of  Ohio  in  1868,  and  began  practice  in  Mansfield, 
Ohio;  moved  to  Baltimore,  Md.,  in  February, 
1872,  and  practiced  law;  general  counsel  of  the 
Baltimore  &  Ohio  Railroad  Co.;  elected  as  a  Dem- 
ocrat to  the  Fifty-fourth  Congress  (March  4,  1875- 
March  3, 1877);  president  of  the  Baltimore  &  Ohio 
Railroad  Co.,  1896-1901;  died  in  Chicago,  III.,  April 
25,  1904. 

Cowgill,  Calvin,  a  Representative  from  Indiana; 
born  in  Clinton  county,  Ohio,  January  7,  1819;  at- 
tended the  common  schools;  moved  with  his  par- 
ents to  Indiana  in  1836;  studied  law  in  Winchester; 
moved  to  Wabash  county,  Ind.,  in  1846;  engaged 
in  practice;  member  of  the  state  legislature  in 
1851,  and  of  the  special  session  of  1865;  county 
treasurer  from  September  5,  1855,  to  September  5, 
1859;  provost-marshal  of  the  eleventh  district  from 
June,  1862,  to  October,  1865;  elected  as  a  Republi- 
can to  the  Forty-sixth  Congress  (March  4,  1879- 
March  3,  1881);  resumed  the  practice  of  law  in 
Wabash,  Ind.;  died  there  February  10,  1903. 

Cowherd,  William  Strother,  a  Representative 
from  Missouri;  born  in  Jackson  county,  Mo.,  Sep- 
tember 1, 1860;  attended  the  public  schools  in  the 
town  of  Lees  Summit  and  was  graduated  from  Uni- 
versity of  Missouri,  literary  department,  in  1881, 
and  law  department  in  1882;  entered  practice  in 
Kansas  City;  appointed  assistant  prosecuting  attor- 
ney of  Jackson  county  in  1885,  and  served  four 
years;  appointed  first  assistant  city  counselor  of 
Kansas  City  in  1890;  elected  mayor  of  Kansas  City 
in  1892;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Fifty-fifth, 
Fifty-sixth,  Fifty-seventh,  and  Fifty-eighth  Con- 
gresses (March  4,  1897-March  3,  1905);  resumed  the 
practice  of  law  in  Kansas  City,  Mo. ;  defeated  Demo- 
cratic candidate  for  governor  in  1908. 

Cowles,  Charles  H.,  a  Representative  from 
North  Carolina;  born  in  Charlotte,  N.  C.,  July  16, 
1875;  moved  with  parents  to  Wilkesboro  in  Decem- 
ber,1885;  attended  the  common  schools  and  com- 
pleted a  commercial  college  course;  alderman  of 
Wilkesboro  in  1897;  deputy  clerk  of  the  United 
States  court  at  Statesville  and  Charlotte  1899- 
1901;  private  secretary  to  Representative  Black- 
burn 1901-1903;  was  elected  to  the  lower  house  of 
the  North  Carolina  general  assembly  in  1904  and 
reelected  in  1906;  was  a  delegate  in  the  Republi- 
can national  conventions  of  1904,  1908,  and  1912; 
was  elected  to  the  Sixty-first  Congress  (March  4, 
1909-March  3,  1911);  editor  and  publisher  of  the 
Wilkes  Patriot,  Wilkesboro,  N.  C. 

Cowles,  George  Washington,  a  Representa- 
tive from  New  York;  born  in  Otisco,  N.  Y.,  Decem- 
ber 6,  1823;  was  graduated  from  Hamilton  college, 
New  York,  in  1845;  taught  school  until  1853; 
studied  law  until  1854,  and  was  admitted  to  the 
bar;  judge  of  Wayne  county,  N.  Y.,  from  January 
1,  1864,  to  October  30,  1869;  elected  as  a  Repub- 
lican to  the  Forty-first  Congress  (March  4,  1869- 
March  3,  1871);  again  served  as  county  judge  of 
Wayne  county,  from  January  1,  1874,  to  January 
1,  1880,  and  from  January  1,  1886,  until  his  death 
in  Clyde,  N.  Y.,  January  20,  1901. 


Cowles,  Henry  Booth,  a  Representative  from 
New  York;  born  in  Hartford,  Conn.,  March  18, 1798; 
moved  with  his  father  to  Dutchess  county,  N.  Y., 
in  1809;  was  graduated  from  Union  college  in  1816; 
studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar  and  com- 
menced practice  in  Putnam  county;  member  of  the 
state  house  of  representatives  1826-1828;  elected 
to  the  Twenty-first  Congress  (March  4,  1829-March 
3, '1831);  moved  to  New  York  City  in  1834  and 
practiced  law  until  his  death  May  17,  1873. 

Cowles,  William  Henry  Harrison,  a  Repre- 
sentative from  North  Carolina;  born  in  Hampton- 
ville,  N.  C.,  April  22,  1840;  attended  the  common 
schools  and  academies  of  his  native  county;  en- 
tered the  Confederate  service  as  a  private  in  com- 
pany A,  first  North  Carolina  cavalry,  and  served 
from  the  spring  of  1861  to  the  close  of  the  war  with 
the  Army  of  Northern  Virginia,  holding  the  posi- 
tions of  captain,  major,  and  lieutenant  colonel  of 
his  regiment;  twice  wounded  severely;  entered 
upon  the  study  of  law  in  Richmond  Hill,  Yadkin 
county,  in  1866;  obtained  a  county-court  license 
in  January,  1867,  and  that  of  the  superior  court  in 
January,  1868;  moved  to  Wilkesboro;  reading  clerk 
of  the  senate  of  North  Carolina  in  the  sessions  of 
1872-73  and  1873-74;  elected  solicitor  of  the  tenth 
judicial  district  in  1874  and  served  for  four  years; 
member  of  the  Democratic  State  executive  com- 
mittee for  eight  years;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the 
Forty-ninth,  Fiftieth,  Fifty-first,  and  Fifty-sec- 
ond Congresses  (March  4,  1885-March  3,  1893);  died 
in  Wilkesboro,  N.  C.,  December  30,  1901. 

Cox,  Isaac  Newton,  a  Representative  from 
New  York;  born  in  Fallsburg,  Sullivan  county, 
N.  Y.,  August  1,  1846;  located  in  Ellenville  in  his 
boyhood,  where  he  received  academic  training; 
elected  supervisor  1875  and  1883-1886,  and  served 
as  chairman  of  the  board  the  last  year;  served  four 
years  on  the  Democratic  state  committee;  dele- 
gate to  Democratic  conventions,  state  and  local; 
appointed  by  President  Cleveland  chairman  of  the 
commission  to  make  an  examination  of  the  North- 
ern Pacific  railroad  in  1886;  elected  as  a  Democrat 
to  the  Fifty-second  Congress  (March  4,  1891-March 
3, 1893);  engaged  in  the  mercantile,  lumbering,  and 
banking  business  in  Ellenville,  N.  Y. 

Cox,  Jacob  Dolson,  a  Representative  from 
Ohio;  born  in  Montreal,  Canada,  October  27,  1828; 
reared  in  the  city  of  New  York;  moved  to  Ohio  in 
1846;  was  graduated  from  Oberlin  college  in  1851; 
studied  law,  in  1853  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  com- 
menced practice  in  Warren,  Ohio;  member  of  the 
state  senate  in  1859;  entered  the  Union  Army  as 
brigadier  general  of  Ohio  Volunteers  April  23,  1861; 
major  general  of  volunteers  October  6,  1862;  re- 
signed January  1,  1866;  elected  governor  of  Ohio  in 
October,  1865;  moved  to  Cincinnati  and  resumed 
the  practice  of  law;  Secretary  of  the  Interior  in 
President  Grant's  first  Cabinet,  March  5,  1869,  to 
November  1,  1870;  made  president  of  the  Wabash 
railroad  in  1873;  elected  to  the  Forty-fifth  Congress 
(March  4,  1877-March  3,  1879);  dean  of  the  Cincin- 
nati law  school  1881-1897;  president  of  the  Univer- 
sity of  Cincinnati;  died  in  Magnolia,  Mass.,  August 
4,  1900. 

Cox,  James,  a  Representative  from  New  Jersey; 
born  in  Monmouth,  N.  J.,  June  14,  1753;  attended 
the  public  schools;  commanded  a  company  of 
militia  at  the  battles  of  Germantown  and  of  Mon- 
mouth and  attained  the  rank  of  brigadier  general; 
member  of  the  state  assembly  for  several  years, 
and  served  one  year  as  speaker;  elected  as  a  Madi- 


BIOGRAPHIES. 


573 


son  Democrat  to  the  Eleventh  Congress  and  served 
from  March  4,  1809,  until  his  death  in  Monmouth, 
N.  J.,  September  12,  1810. 

Cox,  James  M.,  a  Representative  from  Ohio; 
born  near  Jacksonburg,  Butler  county,  Ohio,  March 
31,  1870;  attended  country  schools,  and  the  high 
school  in  Amanda,  Ohio;  worked  upon  a  farm,  and 
in  the  mechanical  and  editorial  departments  of  a 
daily  newspaper;  became  owner  and  publisher  of 
the  Dayton  Daily  News  and  the  Springfield  Daily 
News;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Sixty-first 
Congress  (March  4, 1909-March  3, 1911).  Reekcted 
to  the  Sixty-second  Congress. 

Cox,  Leander  Martin,  a  Representative  from 
Kentucky;  born  in  Cumberland  county,  Va.,  May 
7,  1812;  completed  academic  studies;  studied  law 
and  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  practiced ;  moved 
to  Flemingsburg,  Ky.;  captain  in  the  third  Ken- 
tucky volunteers  in  the  Mexican  War,  in  1847; 
presidential  elector  on  the  Scott  and  Graham  ticket 
in  1852;  elected  as  a  Whig  to  the  Thirty-third  Con- 
gress, and  as  an  American  to  the  Thirty-fourth  Con- 
gress (March  4,  1853-March  3,  1857);  defeated  for 
the  Thirty-fifth  Congress;  died  in  Flemingsburg, 
Ky.,  March  19,  1865. 

Cox,  Nicholas  Nichols,  a  Representative  from 
Tennessee;  born  in  Bedford  county,  Tenn.,  Jan- 
uary 6,  1837;  moved  with  his  parents  to  Seguin, 
Texas,  when  a  small  boy;  attended  the  common 
schools;  was  graduated  from  the  Lebanon,  Tenn., 
law  school  in  1858,  and  licensed  to  practice  the 
same  year;  Confederate  colonel,  and  served  during 
most  of  the  war  with  Gen.  Forrest;  located  in 
Franklin,  Williamson  county,  Tenn.;  engaged  in 
farming;  presidential  elector  on  the  Breckin- 
ridge  and  Lane  ticket  in  1860;  elector  in  1872; 
elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Fifty-second,  Fifty- 
third,  Fifty-fourth,  Fifty-fifth,  and  Fifty-sixth 
Congresses  (March  4,  1891-March  3,  1901);  resumed 
the  practice  of  law  in  Franklin,  Tenn. 

Cox,  Samuel  Sullivan,  a  Representative  from 
Ohio  and  New  York;  born  in  Zanesville,  Ohio, 
September  30,  1824;  attended  Ohio  university, 
Athens,  and  was  graduated  from  Brown  university 
in  1846;  studied  Taw,  was  admitted  to  the  bar  and 
practiced;  owner  and  editor  of  the  Columbus 
(Ohio)  Statesman  1853-1854;  appointed  secre- 
tary of  legation  to  Peru  in  1855;  delegate  to  the 
Democratic  national  conventions  of  1864  and  1868; 
elected  as  a  Democrat  from  Ohio  to  the  Thirty-fifth, 
Thirty-sixth,  Thirty-seventh,  and  Thirty-eighth 
Congresses  (March  4,  1857-March  3,  1865);  moved 
to  New  York  City  March  4, 1865,  and  practiced  law; 
reelected  from  New  York  to  the  Forty-first  and 
Forty-second  Congresses  (March  4,  1869-March  3, 
1873);  unsuccessful  candidate  of  the  Democrats 
and  Liberal  Republicans  for  Representative  at 
large  to  the  Forty- third  Congress;  subsequently 
elected  to  the  Forty-third  Congress,  to  fill  vacancy 
caused  by  the  death  of  James  Brooks;  reelected  to 
the  Forty-fourth,  Forty-fifth,  Forty-sixth,  Forty- 
seventh,  and  Forty-eighth  Congresses,  and  served 
from  December  1, 1873,  to  March  3, 1885;  appointed 
Speaker  pro  tempore  of  the  House  June  7, 1876,  and 
elected  Speaker  pro  tempore  June  19,  1876,  and 
served  until  he  vacated  the  office,  June  24,  1876; 
elected  to  the  Forty-ninth  Congress,  to  fill  vacancy 
caused  by  the  resignation  of  Joseph  Pulitzer;  re- 
elected  to  the  Fiftieth  and  Fifty-first  Congresses, 
and  served  from  December  6,  1886,  until  his  death 
in  New  York  City,  September  10, 1889. 


Cox,  William  Elijah,  a  Representative  from  In- 
diana; born  in  Dubois  county,  Ind.,  September  6, 
1865;  was  graduated  from  the  Lebanon  university, 
of  Lebanon,  Tenn.,  and  from  the  law  department 
of  the  University  of  Michigan,  Ann  Arbor;  was 
admitted  to  the  bar  July  10, 1889;  served  as  prose- 
cuting attorney  of  his  judicial  district  from  1892 
to  1898;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Sixtieth  and 
Sixty-first  Congresses  (March  4, 1907-March3, 1911). 
Reelected  to  the  Sixty-second  Congress. 

Cox,  William  Ruffin,  a  Representative  from 
North  Carolina;  born  in  Scotland  Neck,  N.  C., 
March  11,  1832;  moved  to  Tennessee;  was  graduated 
from  Franklin  college  in  1851  and  from  the  Leba- 
non law  school  in  1853;  practiced  law  in  Nashville, 
Tenn.,  1853-1857;  returned  to  North  Carolina  in 
1857  and  engaged  in  planting  in  Edgecombe  coun- 
ty; removed  to  Raleigh,  N.  C.,  in  1859;  early  in 
the  war  entered  the  Confederate  army  as  major  of 
the  second  North  Carolina  state  troops;  became 
brigadier  general,  and  commanded  his  division 
in  the  last  charge  at  Appomattox;  resumed  prac- 
tice of  law  in  Raleigh ;  elected  solicitor  of  the  Met- 
ropolitan district  and  held  the  office  for  six  years; 
appointed  judge  of  the  superior  court  for  the  same 
district;  delegate  to  Democratic  national  conven- 
tion in  New  York  and  declined  same  honor  for  St. 
Louis  convention;  several  years  chairman  of  the 
Democratic  state  committee;  elected  as  a  Democrat 
to  the  Forty-seventh,  Forty-eighth,  and  Forty- 
ninth  Congresses  (March  4,  1881-March  3,  1887); 
elected  Secretary  of  the  United  States  Senate  April 
6,  1893,  and  qualified  August  7,  1893,  and  served 
until  January  31,  1900;  resumed  agricultural  pur- 
suits in  North  Carolina  with  residence  in  Raleigh. 

Coxe,  Tench,  a  Delegate  from  Pennsylvania; 
born  in  Philadelphia,  Pa.,  May  22, 1755;  received  a 
liberal  schooling;  engaged  in  mercantile  pursuits; 
resigned  from  the  Pennsylvania  militia  in  1776, 
turned  loyalist,  and  joined  the  British  army  under 
Howe  in  1777;  was  arrested,  paroled,  and  began 
a  long  political  career  as  a  Whig;  commissioner  to 
the  Federal  convention  at  Annapolis  in  1786;  dele- 
gate in  the  Continental  Congress  1787-1788;  be- 
came a  Federalist  and  was  made  Assistant  Secre- 
tary of  the  Treasury  in  1790;  revenue  commis- 
sioner in  1792 ;  purveyor  of  the  public  supplies  1803- 
1812;  called  the  father  of  the  cotton  industry  in 
America;  died  in  Philadelphia,  Pa.,  July  17,  1824. 

Coxe,  William,  a  Representative  from  New 
Jersey;  born  in  Burlington,  N.  J.,  May  3,  1762; 
member  of  the  state  house  of  representatives,  and 
served  as  speaker  one  year;  elected  as  a  Federalist 
to  the  Thirteenth  Congress  (March  4,  1813-March  3, 
1815);  died  in  Burlington,  N.  J.,  February  25,  1831. 

Crabb,  George  Whitneld,  a  Representative 
from  Alabama;  born  in  Botetourt  county,  Va.,  Feb- 
ruary 22,  1804;  attended  the  public  schools;  moved 
to  Tuscaloosa,  Ala.,  elected  assistant  secretary  of 
the  state  senate  and  subsequently  comptroller  of 
public  accounts;  served  in  the  Florida  Indian 
Wrar  of  1836  as  lieutenant  colonel  of  the  Alabama 
volunteers;  member  of  the  state  senate  of  Ala- 
bama and  major  general  of  militia;  elected  as  a 
Whig  to  the  Twenty-fifth  Congress,  to  fill  vacancy 
caused  by  the  death  of  Joab  Lawler;  reelected  to 
the  Twenty-sixth  Congress  and  served  from  Sep- 
tember 4,  1837,  to  March  3,  1841;  defeated  for  the 
Twenty-seventh  Congress;  appointed  judge  of  the 
county  court  of  Mobile  in  1846;  died  in  Philadel- 
phia, Pa.,  August  15,  1846;  interment  in  Green- 
wood cemetery,  Tuscaloosa,  Ala. 


574 


CONGRESSIONAL   DIRECTORY. 


Crabb,  Jeremiah,  a  Representative  from  Mary- 
land; born  in  Maryland;  lieutenant  in  the  first 
regiment  Maryland  line  from  1777  until  his  resig- 
nation April  1, 1778;  elected  to  the  Fourth  Congress, 
and  served  from  March  4,  1795,  to  1796,  when  he 
resigned ;  a  resident  of  Montgomery  county,  Md. 

Cradlebaugh,  John,  a  Delegate  from  the  Terri- 
tory of  Nevada;  born  in  Circlevfile,  Ohio,  February 
22,  1819;  attended  the  common  schools,  Ken  yon 
college,  and  Oxford  university  in  Ohio;  studied 
law,  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  appointed 
United  States  district  judge  for  the  district  of  Utah; 
moved  to  Carson  City,  Nev.  Ty. ;  elected  a  Dele- 
gate to  the  Thirty-seventh  Congress  (March  4, 
1861-March  3,  1863);  served  in  the  Union  army 
during  the  Civil  war  as  colonel  of  the  one  hundred 
and  fourteenth  Ohio  regiment,  wounded  at  Vicks- 
burg;  moved  to  Eureka,  Nev.,  and  engaged  in 
mining  business  until  his  death,  February  22, 
1872. 

Crafts,  Samuel  Chandler,  a  Representative 
and  a  Senator  from  Vermont;  born  in  Woodstock, 
Conn.,  October  6,  1768;  was  graduated  from  Har- 
vard college  in  1790;  moved  to  Vermont  with  his 
father,  who  founded  the  town  of  Craftsbury,  of 
which  he  was  town  clerk  1792-1829 ;  youngest  dele- 
gate to  the  Vermont  constitutional  convention  of 
1793;  member  of  the  State  house  of  representatives 
in  1796,  1800,  1801,  1803,  and  1805,  and  clerk  of  the 
house  1798-99;  register  of  probate  1796-1815;  judge 
of  the  Orleans  county  court  1800-1810;  chief  judge 
1810-1816;  1825-1828;  elected  to  the  Fifteenth,  Six- 
teenth, Seventeenth,  and  Eighteenth  Congresses 
(March  4,  1817-March  3,  1825);  governor  of  Ver- 
mont 1829-1832;  member  of  the  Vermont  constitu- 
tional convention  of  1829  and  served  as  president; 
appointed  by  the  governor  and  subsequently 
elected  to  the  United  States  Senate,  to  fill  the  va- 
cancy caused  by  the  resignation  of  Samuel  Pren- 
tiss,  and  served  from  April  23,  1842,  until  March  3, 
1843;  died  in  Craftsbury,  Vt.,  November  19,  1853. 

Cragin,  Aaron  Harrison,  a  Representative  and 
a  Senator  from  New  Hampshire;  born  in  Weston, 
Vt.,  February  3,  1821;  completed  preparatory 
studies;  studied  law  and  in  1847  admitted  to  the 
bar  in  Albany,  N .  Y. ;  commenced  practice  in  Leba- 
non, N.  H. ;  member  of  the  state  house  of  represen- 
tatives 1852-1855;  elected  as  an  American  to  the 
Thirty-fourth  Congress  and  as  a  Republican  to  the 
Thirty-fifth  Congress  (March  4,  1855-March  3,1859); 
resumed  the  practice  of  law;  again  a  member  of  the 
state  legislature  in  1859;  delegate  to  the  Republi- 
can national  convention  of  1860;  elected  a  United 
States  Senator  and  reelected;  served  from  March  4, 
1865,  to  March  3,  1877;  appointed  by  President 
Hayes  one  of  the  commissioners  for  the  purchase 
of  the  Hot  Springs  reservation  in  Arkansas,  and 
chairman  1877-1879;  died  in  Washington,  D.  C., 
May  10,  1898. 

Craig,  Alexander  Kerr,  a  Representative  from 
Pennsylvania;  born  in  Buffalo  township,  Wash- 
ington county,  Pa.,  February  21,  1828;  attended 
the  common  schools;  became  a  teacher  and  contin- 
ued the  avocation,  with  short  interruptions,  until 
1885;  then  devoted  himself  to  agriculture;  enlisted 
February,  1865,  in  the  eighty-seventh  Pennsylva- 
nia infantry  and  was  present  at  the  surrender  at 
Appomattox;  school  director  and  justice_  of  the 
peace;  nominated  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Fifty-sec- 
ond Congress,  and  after  a  contest  was  seated  Feb- 
ruary 26,  1892,  and  served  until  his  death  in  Clays- 
ville,  Pa.,  July  29,  1892. 


Craig,  George  Henry,  a  Representative  from 
Alabama;  born  in  Cahaba,  Dallas  county,  Ala., 
December  25,  1845;  attended  the  Cahaba  academy 
and  the  University  of  Alabama;  entered  tho  Con- 
federate army  as  a  private  in  Col.  Byrd's  regiment, 
Alabama  volunteers?  at  Mobile;  at  expiration  of 
term  entered  the  University  of  Alabama  as  a  cadet; 
promoted  to  first  lieutenant  of  infantry  and  in  1863 
again  entered  the  Confederate  service  and  re- 
mained until  the  end  of  the  war;  studied  law  in 
Selma,  Ala.,  and  was  admitted  to  practice  in  De- 
cember, 1867;  elected  solicitor  of  Dallas  county  in 
1868;  appointed  sheriff  of  Dallas  county  in  March, 
1869;  elected  as  judge  of  the  criminal  court  of 
Dallas  county  in  March,  1870;  appointed  by  the 
governor  in  July,  1874,  judge  of  the  first  judicial 
circuit,  to  fill  an  unexpired  term;  elected  judge 
of  the  first  judicial  circuit,  November  4,  1874; 
retired  to  practice  in  Selma,  Ala.;  elected  to  the 
Forty-eighth  Congress  (March  4,  1883-March  3, 
1885),  but  the  certificate  was  given  Charles  M. 
Shelley;  successfully  contested  as  a  Republican  the 
election  of  Charles  M.  Shelley  to  the  Forty-eighth 
Congress  and  served  from  January  9,  1885,  until 
March  3,  1885;  appointed  U.  S.  attorney  for  mid- 
dle and  northern  districts  of  Alabama  by  Presi- 
dent Arthur;  resumed  the  practice  of  law  in 
Selma,  Ala. 

Craig,  Hector,  a  Representative  from  New 
York;  born  in  Paisly,  Scotland,  in  1775;  came  to 
the  United  States  and  located  in  Craigsville,  Or- 
ange county,  N.  Y.,  in  1790;  located  the  town, 
built  a  paper  mill  and  grist  and  saw  mills;  elected 
as  a  Jackson  Democrat  to  the  Eighteenth  Congress 
(March  4,  1823-March  3,  1825);  reelected  to  the 
Twenty-first  Congress  and  served  from  March  4, 
1829,  to  July  12,  1830,  when  he  resigned;  appointed 
surveyor  of  the  port  of  New  York  by  President 
Jackson  in  1830;  United  States  commissioner  of  in- 
solvency in  1832;  surveyor  of  customs  in  New 
York  1833-1839;  died  in  Craigsville,  N.  Y.,  Janu- 
ary 31,  1842;  interment  in  Blooming  Grove  ceme- 
tery. 

Craig,  James,  a  Representative  from  Missouri; 
born  in  Washington  county,  Pa.,  May  7,  1820; 
studied  law  and  moved  to  St.  Joseph,  Mo.,  where  he 
commenced  practice;  captain  of  a  volunteer  com- 
pany in  the  Mexican  War;  state  attorney  for  the 
twelfth  judicial  circuit  1852-1856;  member  of  the 
Missouri  legislature  1856-57;  elected  as  a  Democrat 
to  the  Thirty-fifth  and  Thirty-sixth  Congresses 
(March  4,  1857-March  3,  1861);  on  March  21,  1862, 
commissioned  brigadier  general  of  volunteers  by 
President  Lincoln;  first  president  of  the  Hannibal 
&  St.  Joseph  railroad  and  first  comptroller  of  the 
city  of  St.  Joseph;  negotiated  the  Platt  purchase, 
which  comprised  all  of  northwest  Missouri;  died  in 
St.  Joseph,  Mo.,  October  21,  1888. 

Craig,  Robert,  a  Representative  from  Virginia; 
born  near  Christiansburg,  Montgomery  county,  Va., 
in  1792;  attended  public  schools  and  was  graduated 
from  Lewisburg  academy,  Greenbriar  county; 
elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Twenty-first  and 
Twenty-second  Congresses  (March  4,  1829-March  3, 
1833);  defeated  for  the  Twenty-third  Congress;  re- 
elected  to  the  Twenty-fourth,  Twenty-fifth,  and 
Twenty-sixth  Congresses  (March  4,  1835-March  3, 
1841);  died  in  Green  Hill,  near  Salem,  Roanoke 
county,  Va.,  in  1852. 

Craig,  Samuel  Alfred,  a  Representative  from 
Pennsylvania;  born  in  Brook  ville,  Jefferson 
county,  Pa.,  November  19,  1839;  attended  the 


BIOGRAPHIES. 


575 


common  schools  of  his  native  town  and  Jefferson 
college,  Canonsburg,  Pa.;  learned  the  printer's 
trade  and  taught  school;  enlisted  in  the  Union 
Army  as  a  private  April  19,  1861;  promoted  to  sec- 
ond lieutenant,  first  lieutenant,  and  captain  com- 
pany B,  one  hundred  and  fifth  Pennsylvania  vol- 
unteers; was  severely  wounded  three  times;  com- 
missioned captain  in  the  veteran  reserve  corps, 
United  States  Army,  and  served  continuously  four 
years  and  three  months;  studied  law;  admitted  to 
practice  in  1876,  and  practiced;  elected  district 
attorney  of  Jefferson  county  in  1878;  elected  as  a 
Republican  to  the  Fifty-first  Congress  (March  4, 
1889-March  3,  1891);  resumed  the  practice  of  law 
in  Brookville,  Pa. 

Craig,  William.  Benjamin,  a  Representative 
from  Alabama;  born  in  Selma,  Ala.,  November  2, 
1877;  attended  thepublicand  highschoolsof  Selma, 
and  in  June,  1898,  was  graduated  from  the  law 
department  of  Cumberland  University,  Lebanon, 
Tenn.;  in  June,  1898,  engaged  in  the  practice  of 
law;  state  senator  from  January  1,  1903,  to  January 
1,  1907;  elected  to  the  Sixtieth  and  Sixty -first  Con- 
gresses (March  4,  1907-March  3,  1911);  declined  a 
nomination  for  the  Sixty-second  Congress;  resumed 
the  practice  of  law  in  Selma,  Ala. 

Craige,  Burton  Francis,  a  Representative 
from  North  Carolina;  born  in  Rowan  county,  N.  C., 
March  13,  1811;  was  graduated  from  the  University 
of  North  Carolina  in  1829;  studied  law  and  com- 
menced practice  in  Salisbury;  member  of  the  house 
of  commons  of  North  Carolina  1832  and  1834; 
elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Thirty-third,  Thirty- 
fourth,  Thirty-fifth,  and  Thirty-sixth  Congresses, 
and  served  from  March  4,  1853,  until  1861,  when  he 
resigned;  delegate  to  the  convention  which  dis- 
solved the  union  between  North  Carolina  and  the 
other  states ;  delegate  to  the  provisional  congress  of 
the  Confederacy  which  met  in  Richmond  in  July, 
1861;  died  in  Concord,  N.  C.,  December  30,  1875. 

Craik,  William,  a  Representative  from  Mary- 
land; born  near  Port  Tobacco,  Md.;  received  a  lib- 
eral schooling;  studied  law  and  practiced;  elected 
to  the  Fourth  Congress  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  the 
resignation  of  Jeremiah  Crabb;  reelected  to  the 
Fifth  and  Sixth  Congresses  and  served  from  De- 
cember 5,  1796,  to  March  3,  1801;  appointed  a  judge 
of  the  United  States  district  court  and  subsequently 
chief  justice  of  the  fifth  judicial  district  of  Mary- 
land. 

Crain,  William  Henry,  a  Representative  from 
Texas;  born  in  Galveston,  Tex.,  November  25, 
1848;  was  graduated  from  St.  Francis  Xavier's 
college,  New  York  City,  July  1,  1867;  studied  law 
in  Indianola,  and  admitted  to  practice  in  February, 
1871;  practiced  law;  elected  state  senator  in  Feb- 
ruary, 1876;  elected  district  attorney  of  the  twenty- 
third  judicial  district  of  Texas  in  November,  1872; 
elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Forty -ninth  and  to  the 
five  succeeding  Congresses;  served  from  March  4, 
1885,  until  his  death  in  Washington,  D.  C.,  Feb- 
ruary 6,  1896. 

Cramer,  John,  a  Representative  from  New 
York;  born  in  Waterford,  N.Y.,  September  26, 1779; 
presidential  elector  on  the  Jefferson  and  Clinton 
ticket  in  1804;  served  in  the  state  house  of  represent- 
atives in  1806  and  1811 ;  member  of  the  state  senate 
1823-1825;  delegate  to  the  state  constitutional 
convention  in  1821 ;  elected  as  a  Jackson  Democrat 
to  the  Twenty-third  and  Twenty-fourth  Congresses 
(March  4,  1833-March  3,  1837);  again  served  in  the 


state  assembly  in  1842;  died  in  Waterford,  N.  Y., 
June  1,  1870. 

Crane,  Joseph  Halsey,  a  Representative  from 
Ohio ;  born  in  Elizabeth  town,  N .  J . ,  August  31, 1782  ; 
attended  Princeton  college ;  studied  law,  was  admit- 
ted to  the  bar  of  New  Jersey  in  1802,  and  practiced ; 
moved  to  Dayton,  Ohio,  in  1803  and  practiced 
law;  was  president  judge  of  the  court  of  common 
pleas  for  many  years;  member  of  the  state  legisla- 
ture in  1809;  judge  of  circuit  court  in  1813;  elected 
as  a  Whig  to  the  Twenty-first,  Twenty-second, 
Twenty-third,  and  Twenty -fourth  Congresses 
(March  4,  1829-March  3,  1837);  died  in  Dayton, 
Ohio,  November  12,  1851. 

Crane,  Stephen,  a  Delegate  from  New  Jersey; 
born  in  that  state;  Delegate  in  the  Continental 
Congress,  1774-1776. 

Crane,  Winthrop  Murray,  a  Senator  from 
Massachusetts;  born  in  Dalton,  Mass.,  April  23, 
1853;  was  graduated  from  Williston  seminary, 
Easthanipton,  Mass.;  engaged  in  the  manufacture 
of  paper;  delegate-at-large  to  the  Republican 
national  conventions  of  1892,  1896,  1904,  and  1908; 
selected  as  the  Massachusetts  member  of  the  Re- 
publican national  committee  in  1892,  1896,  1904, 
and  1908;  lieutenant  governor  of  Massachusetts, 
1897-1899,  and  governor  1900-1902;  appointed  to 
the  United  States  Senate  October  12,  1904,  to  fill 
vacancy  caused  by  the  death  of  George  F.  Hoar, 
and  served  from  October  12,  1904;  elected  in  Janu- 
ary, 1905,  to  fill  the  unexpired  term,  and  reelected 
in  1907  for  the  term  ending  March  3,  1913. 

Cranf  ord,  John  Walter,  a  Representative  from 
Texas;  born  near  Grove  Hill,  Clarke  county,  Ala., 
about  1862;  attended  the  common  and  high  schools 
of  Alabama,  and  finished  preparatory  studies 
under  a  private  tutor;  moved  to  Texas;  studied 
law  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar;  elected  to  the 
state  senate  in  1888  for  a  term  of  four  years,  and 
reelected  in  1892;  elected  president  pro  tempore 
of  the  twenty-second  senate;  elected  as  a  Demo- 
crat to  the  Fifty-fifth  Congress,  and  served  from 
March  4,  1897,  until  his  death  in  Washington, 
D.  C.,  March  2,  1899. 

Cranston,  Henry  Young,  a  Representative 
from  Rhode  Island;  born  in  Newport,  R.  I.,  Octo- 
ber 9,  1789;  attended  .the  public  schools;  engaged  in 
business  in  New  Bedford,  Mass.,  and  in  Newport, 
R.  I.,  1810-1815;  studied  law;  in  1819  admitted  to 
the  bar,  and  commenced  practice  in  Newport; 
clerk  of  the  court  of  common  pleas  1818-1833; 
member  and  vice  president  of  the  convention  that 
framed  the  state  constitution;  member  of  the  state 
house  of  representatives  1827-1843;  elected  as  a 
Whig  to  the  Twenty-eighth  and  Twenty-ninth 
Congresses  (March  4,  1843-March  3,  1847);  again  a 
member  of  the  state  house  of  representatives  and 
served  three  years  as  speaker;  died  in  Newport, 
R.  I.,  February  12,  1864. 

Cranston,  Robert  Bennie,  a  Representative 
from  Rhode  Island;  born  in  Newport,  R.  I.,  Janu- 
ary 14, 1791;  attended  the  public  schools;  employed 
in  the  collection  of  internal  revenue;  sheriff  of 
Newport  county;  elected  as  a  Whig  to  the  Twenty- 
fifth,  Twenty-sixth,  and  Twenty-seventh  Con- 
gresses (March  4,  1837-March  3,  1843);  postmaster 
of  Newport;  member  of  the  state  senate  and  house 
of  representatives  for  several  years,  and  served  one 
year  as  speaker  of  the  house;  again  elected,  as  a 
Law  and  Order  Whig,  to  the  Thirtieth  Congress 


576 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTOEY. 


(March  4,  1847-March  3,  1849;  Republican  presi- 
dential elector  in  1864;  died  in  Newport,  R.  I., 
January  27,  1873. 

Crapo,  William  Wallace,  a  Representative  from 
Massachusetts;  born  in  Dartmouth,  Mass.,  May  16, 
1830;  attended  the  public  schools  of  New  Bedford 
and  Phillips  academy,  Andover,  and  was  gradu- 
ated from  Yale  college  in  1852;  studied  law  at 
Dane  law  school,  Cambridge;  admitted  to  the  bar 
in  February,  1855,  and  practiced;  member  of  the 
state  legislature  in  1857 ;  elected  to  the  Forty-fourth 
Congress,  to  fill  the  vacancy  caused  by  the  death  of 
James  Buffington;  reelected  as  a  Republican  to  the 
Forty-fifth,  Forty-sixth,  and  Forty-seventh  Con- 
gresses, and  served  from  December  8,  1875,  to 
March  3,  1883;  returned  to  New  Bedford,  Mass., 
resumed  the  practice  of  law,  and  engaged  in  bank- 
ing and  manufacturing. 

Crary,  Isaac  Edwin,  a  Delegate  and  Repre- 
sentative from  Michigan;  born  in  Preston,  Conn., 
October  2,  1804;  attended  the  public  schools,  and 
was  graduated  from  Trinity  college,  Hartford, 
Conn.,  in  its  .first  class  in  1827;  studied  law,  ad- 
mitted to  the  bar,  and  commenced  practice  in 
Marshall,  Mich.,  in  1833;  delegate  in  the  state  con- 
stitutional convention  of  1835;  elected  as  a  Demo- 
crat a  Delegate,  and  subsequently  a  Representa- 
tive, to  the  Twenty -fourth,  Twenty-fifth,  and 
Twenty-sixth  Congresses  (March  4,  1835-March  3, 
1841);  regent  of  Michigan  University  1837-1844; 
member  of  the  state  board  of  education  1850-1852; 
editor  of  the  Marshall  Expounder  for  several  years; 
member  of  the  state  legislature  1842-1846,  and 
speaker  of  the  lower  house  in  1846;  died  in  Marshall, 
Mich.,  May  8,  1854. 

Cravens,  James  Addison,a  Representative  from 
Indiana;  born  in  Rockingham  County,  Va.,  No- 
vember 4,  1818;  moved  with  his  father  to  Indiana 
in  1820;  attended  the  public  schools;  engaged  in 
farming  and  stock  raising;  served  in  the  war  with 
Mexico  as  major  of  the  Second  Indiana  Volunteers 
from  June,  1846,  to  1847;  member  of  the  state 
house  of  representatives  1848-1849,  and  of  the  state 
senate  1850-1853;  commissioned  brigadier  general 
of  militia  in  1854;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the 
Thirty-seventh  and  Thirty-eighth  Congresses  (March 
4,  1861-March  3,  1865);  delegate  to  the  Union  na- 
tional convention  in  Philadelphia  in  1866,  and  to 
the  Democratic  national  convention  in  New  York 
in  1868;  died  in  Hardinsburg,  Ind.,  June  20,  1893. 

Cravens,  James  Harrison,  a  Representative 
from  Indiana;  born  in  Harrisonburg,  Rockingham 
county,  Va.,  August  2,  1802;  moved  to  Madison, 
Ind.,  'in  1829,  and  engaged  in  agricultural  pur- 
suits; later  removed  to  Ripley  county,  where  he 
practiced  law  and  managed  a  farm;  a  Presidential 
elector  on  the  Whig  ticket  in  1840;  elected  to  the 
Twenty-seventh  Congress  (March  4,  1841-March 
3,  1843);  defeated  as  the  Free  Soil  candidate  for 
gvernor;  lieutenant  colonel  of  the  eighty -third 
regiment  of  Indiana  volunteers  in  the  Civil  War; 
died  in  Osgood,  Ind.,  December  4,  1876;  inter- 
ment in  Versailles,  Ind. 

Cravens,  Jordan  Edgar,  a  Representative 
from  Arkansas;  born  in  Fredericktown,  Madison 
county,  Mo.,  November  8,  1830;  his  father  moved 
to  Arkansas  the  following  year;  received  a  com- 
mon school  training,  and  was  graduated  from  the 
Spring  River  academy,  Mo.,  in  1850;  studied  law, 
and  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1854,  and  afterwards 
practiced;  member  of  the  state  house  of  represen- 


tatives in  1860;  entered  the  Confederate  army  in 
1861  as  a  private,  promoted  to  colonel  in  1862, 
and  continued  in  the  service  until  the  close  of 
the  war;  located  in  Clarksville,  Ark.;  prosecuting 
attorney  in  1865-1866;  member  of  the  state  senate 
in  1866-1868;  presidential  elector  on  the  Greeley 
ticket  in  1872;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Forty- 
fifth,  Forty-sixth,  and  Forty-seventh  Congresses 
(March  4,  1877-March  3,  1883);  resumed  the  prac- 
tice of  law  in  Clarksville,  Ark. 

Cravens,  William  Ben,  a  Representative  from 
Arkansas;  born  in  Fort  Smith,  Ark.,  January  17, 
1872;  was  graduated  from  the  law  school  of  Mis- 
souri University  in  1893;  elected  city  attorney  of 
Fort  Smith  for  two  terms  of  two  years  each,  and 
prosecuting  attorney  of  the  twelfth  judicial  dis- 
trict of  Arkansas  for  three  terms  of  two  years  each ; 
elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Sixtieth  and  Sixty- 
first  Congresses  (March  4,  1907-March  3,  1911). 
Reelected  to  the  Sixty-second  Congress. 

Crawford,  Coe  I.,  a  Senator  from  South  Dakota; 
born  near  Volney,  Allamakee  county,  Iowa,  Jan- 
uary 14,  1858;  attended  the  common  and  graded 
schools,  and  was  instructed  by  a  private  tutor; 
was  graduated  from  the  law  department  of  the 
University  of  Iowa  in  1882;  located  in  Independ- 
ence, Iowa,  and  after  one  year  in  practice  went  to 
Pierre,  Dakota  Territory,  where  he  continued  in 
the  practice  of  law  thirteen  years;  was  state's 
attorney  of  Hughes  county  1887-1888;  member  of 
the  Territorial  legislature  in  1889;  upon  the  ad- 
mission of  South  Dakota  into  the  Union  as  a 
State,  in  1889,  became  a  member  of  the  first  state 
senate;  attorney  general  in  1892,  and  reelected  in 
1894;  candidate  for  Congressman  at  large  in  189G 
as  a  Republican,  and  was  defeated;  attorney  for 
the  Chicago  &  Northwestern  railway  Company  for 
the  state  of  South  Dakota  in  1897,  and  moved  to 
Huron;  president  of  the  South  Dakota  state  bar 
association  in  1899;  resigned  the  railroad  attorney- 
ship  in  1903;  governor  1906-1907;  nominated  under 
the  new  primary  law,  June  9,  1908,  as  the  Repub- 
lican candidate  for  United  States  Senator,  and 
was  elected  for  the  term  beginning  March  4,  1909. 

Crawford,  George  Washington,  a  Represen- 
tative from  Georgia;  born  in  Columbia  county, 
Ga.,  December  22,  1798;  was  graduated  from 
Princeton  college  in  1820;  studied  law,  and  in  1822 
commenced  practice  in  Augusta,  Ga.;  attorney 
general  of  the  state  1827-1831;  member  of  the 
state  house  of  representatives  1837-1842;  elected 
as  a  Whig  to  the  Twenty-seventh  Congress,  to  fill 
the  vacancy  caused  by  the  death  of  Richard  W. 
Habersham,  and  served  from  February  1,  1843, 
to  March  3,  1843;  governor  of  Georgia  in  1843  and 
reelected  in  1845;  appointed  by  President  Taylor 
Secretary  of  War  and  served  from  March  8,  1849, 
to  July  23,  1850;  presided  over  the  state  conven- 
tion in  1861,  when  Georgia  decided  to  cecede 
from  the  Union;  died  in  his  home  near  Augusta, 
Ga.,  July  22,  1872. 

Crawford,  Joel,  a  Representative  from  Georgia; 
born  in  Columbia  county,  Ga.,  June  15,  1783;  com- 
pleted preparatory  studies;  studied  law  at  the 
Litchfield  law  school,  and  in  1808  commenced 
practice  in  Sparta,  but  moved  to  Milledgeville,  Ga., 
in  1811 ;  served  in  the  war  against  the  Creek  Indians 
as  second  lieutenant  and  aid-de-camp  to  Brigadier 
General  Floyd  1813-14;  resumed  the  practice  of 
law  in  Milledgeville;  member  of  the  state  house 
of  representatives  1814—1817;  elected  as  a  Demo- 
crat to  the  Fifteenth  and  Sixteenth  Congresses 


BIOGKAPHIES. 


577 


(March  4,  1817-March  3,  1821);  returned  to  Sparta, 
Hancock  county,  in  1828;  member  of  the  state 
senate  for  three  years;  appointed  a  commissioner 
to  run  the  bounbary  line  between  Alabama  and 
Georgia  in  1826;  unsuccessful  candiadte  for  gov- 
ernor in  1828  and  in  1831;  elected  in  1837  a  state 
commissioner  to  locate  and  construct  the  Western 
&  Atlantic  railroad;  died  in  Early  county,  Ga., 
April  5,  1858. 

Crawford,  Martin  Jenkins,  a  Representa- 
tive from  Georgia;  born  in  Jasper  county,  Ga., 
March  17,  1820;  attended  the  Mercer  university; 
studied  law,  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1839  and 
practiced  in  Columbus,  Ga.;  engaged  also  in 
farming;  member  of  the  state  house  of  repre- 
sentatives 1845-1847;  elected  delegate  to  the 
Southern  convention  at  Nashville  in  May,  1850; 
judge  of  the  superior  courts  of  the  Chattahoochee 
circuit  1853-1855;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the 
Thirty-fourth,  Thirty-fifth  and  Thirty-sixth  Con- 
gresses and  served  from  March  4,  1855,  to  January 

23,  1861,  when  he  withdrew:  elected  to  the  Confed- 
erate provisional  congress  and  served  from  January 
1861,  to  February  22,  1862;  appointed  by  Presi- 
dent Davis  a  special  commissioner  to  the  Gov- 
ernment  of   the    United    States   at   Washington; 
raised  the  third  Georgia  cavalry  regiment  in  May, 
1862;  served  with  it  one  year,  and  then  placed  on 
the  staff  with  Maj.  Gen.  Howell  Cobb,  on  which 
he  served  until  the  close  of  the  war;  in  September, 
1875,  appointed  judge  of  the  superior  court  of  the 
Chattahoochee  circuit,  to  fill  a  vacancy  caused  by 
the  resignation  of  Judge  James  Johnson,  and  re- 
appointed  in  1877  for  eight  years;  elevated  to  the 
supreme  court  of  Georgia  in  1880,  to  fill  a  vacancy; 
reappointed  and  served  until  his  death  in  Colum- 
bus, Ga.,  July  23,  1883. 

Crawford,  Thomas  Hartley,  a  Representative 
from  Pennsylvania;  born  in  Chambersburg,  Pa., 
November  14,  1786;  was  graduated  from  Princeton 
college  in  1804;  studied  law,  and  in  1807  com- 
menced practice  in  Chambersburg;  elected  as  a 
Jackson  Democrat  to  the  Twenty-first  and  Twenty- 
second  Congresses  (March  4,  1829-March  3,  1833); 
member  of  the  state  house  of  representatives  in 
1833;  appointed  a  commissioner  to  investigate  al- 
leged frauds  in  the  sale  of  the  Creek  Reservation 
in  1836;  appointed  by  President  Van  Buren  Com- 
missioner of  Indian  Affairs,  and  served  from  Octo- 
ber 22,  1838,  to  October  30,  1845;  appointed  by 
President  Polk  judge  of  the  criminal  court  of  the 
District  of  Columbia  in  1845,  and  served  until  his 
death,  in  Washington,  D.  C.,  January  27,  1863. 

Crav/ford,  William,  a  Representative  from 
Pennsylvania;  born  in  Paisley,  Scotland,  in  1760; 
received  a  liberal  schooling;  studied  medicine  at 
the  University  of  Edinburgh,  and  in  1791  received 
his  degree;  emigrated  to  the  United  States  and 
settled  near  Gettysburg,  Pa. ;  purchased  a  farm  on 
Marsh  Creek  in  1795,  where  he  spent  the  rest  of  his 
life  practicing  medicine;  associate  judge  for  Adams 
county;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Eleventh, 
Twelfth,  Thirteenth,  and  Fourteenth  Congresses 
(March  4,  1809-March  3,  1817);  died  in  Adams 
county,  Pa.,  in  1823. 

Crawford,  William  Harris,  a  Senator  from 
Georgia;  born  in  Amherst  county,  Va.,  February 

24,  1772;  moved  with  his  father  to  Edgefield  dis- 
trict, S.  C.,  in  1779,  and  to  Columbia  county,  Ga., 
in   1783;  pursued  classical  studies  in  a  private 
school  and  in  Richmond  academy,  Augusta,  Ga.; 
studied  law  and  commenced  practice  in  Lexing- 

50346°— S.  Doc.  654,  61-2 37 


ton,  Ga.,  in  1799;  appointed  to  prepare  a  digest 
of  the  laws  of  Georgia  in  1799;  member  of  the  state 
house  of  representatives  1803-1807;  elected  a 
United  States  Senator,  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by 
the  death  of  Abraham  Baldwin,  and  served  from 
November  7,  1807,  to  March  23,  1813,  when  he 
resigned;  elected  President  of  the  Senate  pro 
tempore  March  24,  1812;  declined  the  position  of 
Secretary  of  War  offered  him  by  President  Madi- 
son in  1813;  accepted  the  mission  to  France; 
served  from  April  3,  1813,  to  April  22,  1815;  re- 
turned home  to  act  as  agent  for  the  sale  of  the 
land  donated  by  Congress  to  La  Fayette;  accepted 
the  position  as  Secretary  of  War  August  1,  1815; 
was  transferred  to  the  Treasury  October  22,  1816, 
and  served  under  Presidents  Madison  and  Monroe 
until  March  7,  1825;  defeated  as  the  Democratic 
candidate  for  President  in  1824;  on  account  of 
illness  refused  the  tender  of  President  Adams  that 
he  remain  Secretary  of  the  Treasury;  his  course 
as  Secretary  of  the  Treasury  was  criticised  and 
was  made  the  subject  of  Congressional  investiga- 
tion, but  committee  unanimously  declared  the 
charges  unfounded;  returned  to  Georgia  and  ap- 
pointed judge  of  the  northern  circuit  court  in 
1827,  which  position  he  held  until  his  death,  in 
Elberton,  Ga.,  September  15,  1834. 

Crawford,  William  Thomas,  a  Representative 
from  North  Carolina;  born  in  Hay  wood,  N.  C., 
June  1,  1856;  attended  the  public  schools  and 
Waynesville  academy;  elected  to  the  legisla- 
ture in  1884  and  reelected  in  1886;  elector  on  the 
Cleveland  and  Thurman  ticket  in  1888;  was  grad- 
uated from  the  law  department  of  the  state  uni- 
versity in  1890  and  obtained  license  to  practice  in 
1891;  elected  to  the  Fifty-second  and  Fifty-third 
Congresses  (March  4,  1891-March  3, 1895);  defeated 
for  a  seat  in  the  Fifty-fourth  Congress,  reelected  to 
the  Fifty-sixth  Congress,  and  on  a  contest  by  Rich- 
mond Pearson  was  unseated  by  a  majority  of  1 
vote;  defeated  for  reelection  in  1900;  elector  on  the 
Parker  and  Davis  ticket  in  1904;  elected  to  the 
Sixtieth  Congress  (March  4,  1907-March  3,  1909); 
resumed  the  practice  of  law  in  Waynesville,  N.  C. 

Creamer,  Thomas  James,  a  Representative 
from  New  York;  born  near  Garadice  Lake,  Ireland, 
May  26,  1843;  emigrated  to  the  United  States  and 
took  up  his  residence  in  New  York  City ;  studied  law, 
was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  practiced;  shipping 
clerk  in  a  dry  goods  house  in  1860;  member  of  the 
state  house  of  representatives  in  1865,  1866,  and 
1867;  served  in  the  state  senate  1868-1871 ;  city  tax 
commissioner  for  five  years;  acted  as  counsel  for 
state  commissions  to  revise  the  tax  laws;  elected 
as  a  Democrat  to  the  Forty-third  Congress  (March  4, 
1873-March  3,  1875);  delegate  to  three  Democratic 
national  conventions; reelected  to  the  Fifty-seventh 
Congress  (March  4,  1901-March  3,  190*3);  resumed 
the  practice  of  law  in  New  York  City. 

Crebs,  John  Montgomery,  a  Representative 
from  Illinois;  born  in  Middleburg,  Loudoun 
county,  Va.,  April  9,  1830;  moved  with  his  parents 
in  1837  to  Illinois,  where  he  worked  on  a  farm; 
attended  the  public  schools;  studied  law;  in  1852 
admitted  to  the  bar;  commenced  practice  in  White 
county,  111. ;  entered  the  Union  Army  as  lieutenant 
colonel  in  1862;  took  part  in  the  Mississippi,  Vicks- 
burg,  and  Arkansas  campaigns;  commanded  a 
brigade  of  cavalry  in  the  Department  of  the  Gulf, 
and  after  the  close  of  the  war  resumed  law  practice; 
elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Forty-first  and  Forty- 
second  Congresses  (March  4,  1869-March  3,  1873); 
died  in  Carmi,  111.,  June  26,  1890. 


578 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 


Creely,  John  V.,  a  Representative  from  Penn- 
sylvania; elected  to  the  Forty-second  Congress 
(March  4,  1871-March  3,  1873). 

Creighton,  William,  jr.,  a  Representative  from 
Ohio;  born  in  Berkeley  county,  Va.,  October  29, 
1778;  was  graduated  from  Dickinson  college; 
studied  law,  and  in  1798  admitted  to  the  bar;  com- 
menced practice  in  Chillicothe,  Ohio;  secretary 
of  state  in  1803;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Thir- 
teenth and  Fourteenth  Congresses  (March  4,  1813- 
March  3, 1817);  elected  to  the  Twentieth  Congress, 
but  resigned  in  1828;  reelected  to  the  Twenty- 
first  and  Twenty-second  Congresses  (March  4,  1829- 
March  3,  1833);  appointed  a  judge  of  the  United 
States  court  for  the  district  of  Ohio;  died  in  Chilli- 
cothe, Ohio,  October  8.  1851. 

Ores-well,  John  Angel  James,  a  Representa- 
tive and  a  Senator  from  Maryland;  born  in  Port 
Deposit,  Md.,  November  18,  1828;  was  graduated 
from  Dickinson  college  in  1848 ;  studied  law  and  was 
admitted  to  the  Baltimore  bar  in  1850;  delegate  in 
the  Democratic  National  convention  of  1856 ;  repre- 
sentative in  the  state  legislature  in  1861;  adjutant 
general  of  the  state  1862-1863;  elected  to  the 
Thirty-eighth  Congress  (March  4,  1863-March  3, 
1865);  elected  a  United  States  Senator,  to  fill  the 
vacancy  caused  by  the  death  of  Thomas  H.  Hicks; 
served  from  March  9,  1865,  to  March  3,  1867; 
delegate  in  the  Republican  national  conventions 
in  1864  and  1868;  was  elected  secretary  of  the 
United  States  Senate  in  1868,  but  declined; 
postmaster  general  in  President  Grant's  first  ad- 
ministration, March  5,  1869,  to  July  3,  1874;  mem- 
ber of  the  Alabama  claims  commission  1874-1876 ; 
one  of  the  commissioners  to  close  up  the  affairs  of 
the  Freedman's  savings  and  trust  company;  presi- 
dent of  two  banks;  died  in  Elkton,  Md.,  December 
23,  1891. 

Crisfleld,  John  Woodland,  a  Representative 
from  Maryland;  born  in  Kent  county,  Md.,.  Novem- 
ber 6,  1808;  educated  at  Washington  college,  Ches- 
tertown;  studied  law;  in  1830  admitted  to  the  bar, 
and  commenced  practice  in  Somerset  county,  Md. ; 
member  of  the  state  legislature  in  1836;  elected 
as  a  Whig  to  the  Thirtieth  Congress  (March  4, 1847- 
March  3,  1849);  delegate  to  the  state  constitutional 
convention  in  1850;  delegate  to  the  peace  confer- 
ence in  1861;  elected  as  a  Union  Republican  to  the 
Thirty-seventh  Congress  (March  4,  1861-March  3, 
1863);  defeated  for  reelection  to  the  Thirty-eighth 
Congress;  delegate  to  the  national  Union  conven- 
tion in  Philadelphia  in  1866 ;  died  in  Princess  Anne, 
Somerset  county,  Md.,  January  12,  1897. 

Crisp,  Charles  Frederick,  a  Representative 
from  Georgia;  born  in  Sheffield,  England,  January 
29, 1845;  came  with  his  parents  to  the  United  States 
the  year  of  his  birth;  attended  thex:ommon  schools 
of  Savannah  and  Macon,  Ga. ;  entered  the  Confeder- 
ate army  in  May,  1861;  lieutenant  in  company  K; 
tenth  Virginia  infantry,  and  served  with  that 
regiment  until  the  12th  of  May,  1864,  when  he 
became  a  prisoner  of  war;  upon  his  release  from 
Fort  Delaware  in  June,  1865,  joined  his  parents 
at  Ellaville,  Schley  county,  Ga. ;  read  law  at  Amer- 
icus,  and  admitted  to  the  bar  there  in  1866;  began 
the  practice  of  law  at  Ellaville;  appointed  solic- 
itor general  of  the  southwestern  judicial  circuit  in 
1872,  and  reappointed  in  1873  for  a  term  of  four 
years;  appointed  judge  of  the  superior  court  of  the 
same  circuit  in  June,  1877;  elected  by  the  general 
assembly  to  the  same  office  in  1878;  reelected  judge 
for  a  term  of  four  years  in  1880;  resigned  that  office 


in  September,  1882,  to  accept  Democratic  nomina- 
tion for  Congress;  permanent  president  of  the  Dem- 
ocratic convention  which  assembled  at  Atlanta  in 
April,  1883,  to  nominate  a  candidate  for  governor; 
elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Forty-eighth  and  the 
six  succeeding  Congresses  and  served  from  March 
4,  1883,  until  his  death;  was  Speaker  of  the  House 
of  Representatives  in  the  Fifty-second  and  Fifty- 
third  Congresses;  nominated  for  United  States 
Senator  in  state  primary  of  1896;  died  in  Atlanta, 
Ga.,  October  23,  1896;  interment  in  Americus,  Ga. 

Crisp,  Charles  Robert,  a  Representative  from 
Georgia;  born  in  Ellaville,  Schley  county,  Ga., 
October  19,  1870;  attended  the  public  schools  of 
Americus,  Ga.;  clerk  in  the  Interior  Department, 
Washington,  D.  C.,  and  at  the  Speaker's  table  in 
the  National  House  of  Representatives  1888-1895; 
studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1895,  and 
practiced ;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Fifty-fourth 
Congress  to  fill  the  vacancy  caused  by  the  death  of 
his  father,  Charles  F.  Crisp;  after  expiration  of  his 
term  he  resumed  the  practice  of  law  in  Americus, 
Ga.,  and  later  became  judge  of  the  court  of  Sumter 
county;  again  clerk  at  the  Speaker's  table  in  the 
House  of  Representatives  in  the  Sixty-second 
Congress. 

Crist,  Henry,  a  representative  from  Kentucky; 
born  in  Virginia  in  1764;  moved  with  his  father  to 
Pennsylvania,  where  he  attended  the  public 
schools;  moved  to  Bullitt  county,  Ky.,  in  1788, 
and  engaged  in  the  manufacture  of  salt;  member 
of  the  state  house  of  representatives  in  1795,  and  of 
the  state  senate,  1800-1804 ;  elected  to  the  Eleventh 
Congress  (March  4,  1809-March  3,  1811);  died  in 
Bullitt  county,  Ky.,  in  1844. 

Critcher,  John,  a  Representative  from  Virginia; 
born  in  Westmoreland  county,  Va.,  March  11, 
1820;  was  graduated  from  the  University  of  Vir- 
ginia in  1839;  studied  at  the  University  of  France 
for  three  years;  studied  law  and  practiced;  elected 
to  the  state  senate  and  to  the  state  convention  of 
1861;  lieutenant  colonel  of  cavalry  in  the  Confed- 
erate army;  appointed  judge  of  tiie  eighth  judicial 
circuit  of  Virginia,  but  removed  by  the  30-day 
resolution  of  Congress;  elected  as  a  Conservative 
to  the  Forty-second  Congress  (March  4,  1871- 
March  3,  1873);  died  in  Alexandria,  Va.,  Septem- 
ber 27,  1901. 

Crittenden,  John  Jordan,  a  Senator  and  a 
Representative  from  Kentucky;  born  near  Ver- 
sailles, Woodford  county,  Ky.,  September  10,  1787; 
was  graduated  from  William  and  Mary  college  in 
1806;  attorney  general  of  Illinois  Territory  1809- 
1810;  served  in  the  War  of  1812  as  aid  to  Gov. 
Shelby;  practiced  law  in  Russellville,  Ky.;  mem- 
ber of  the  state  house  of  representatives  in  1811- 
1817,  and  was  speaker  the  last  term;  United  States 
Senator  from  Kentucky,  and  served  from  March  4, 
1817,  to  March  3,  1819,  when  he  resigned;  removed 
to  Frankfort,  Ky.,  in  1819;  served  several  years 
in  the  state  house  of  representatives;  appointed 
United  States  district  attorney  in  1827,  but  was 
removed  by  President  Jackson  in  1829;  again 
United  States  Senator  and  served  from  March  4, 
1835,  to  March  3, 1841;  appointed  Attorney  General 
of  the  United  States  by  President  Harrison,  and 
served  from  March  5,  1841,  to  September  13,  1841; 
again  appointed  United  States  Senator,  to  fill  the 
vacancy  caused  by  the  resignation  of  Henry  Clay; 
subsequently  elected  to  fill  the  vacancy  and  served 
from  March  31,  1842,  to  June  12,  1848,  when  he 
resigned;  elected  governor  of  Kentucky  in  1848 


BIOGRAPHIES. 


579 


and  served  until  July  22,  1850,  when  he  resigned; 
again  appointed  Attorney  General,  and  this  time 
by  President  Fillmore  and  served  from  July  22, 
1850,  to  March  7,  1853;  again  elected  United  States 
Senator  and  served  from  March  4,  1855,  to  March  3, 
1861;  elected  as  a  Unionist  to  the  Thirty-seventh 
Congress  (March  4,  1861-March  3,  1863);  died  in 
Frankfort,  Ky.,  July  26,  1863. 

Crittenden,  Thomas  Theodore,  a  Repre- 
sentative from  Missouri;  born  in  Shelby  county, 
Ky.,  January  2,  1834;  was  graduated  from  Centre 
college,  Danville,  Ky.,  in  April,  1855;  studied  law 
in  Frankfort;  afterwards  practiced  in  Lexington, 
Ky.,  and  Warrensburg,  Mo. ;  served  in  the  Mexican 
and  Civil  wars;  second  lieutenant  of  Willcock's 
battalion  Missouri  volunteers  August  3,  1846,  to 
September  28,  1847;  captain  sixth  Indiana  infan- 
try April  19,  1861;  colonel  April  27,  1861;  colonel 
of  sixth  Indiana  infantry  September  20,  1861; 
brigadier  general  of  volunteers  April  28,  1862; 
resigned  May  5,  1863;  appointed  attorney  general 
of  Missouri  in  1864  to  fill 'out  the  unexpired  term 
of  Ackmen  Welsh,  deceased;  elected  as  a  Demo- 
crat to  the  Forty-third  Congress  (March  4,  1873- 
March  3,  1875),  and  again  elected  to  the  Forty- 
fifth  Congress  (March  4,  1877-March  3,  1879); 
governor  of  Missouri  1881-1885;  appointed  United 
States  consul  general  to  Mexico  April  5,  1893,  and 
served  until  1897;  died  in  Kansas  City,  Mo.,  May 
29,  1909. 

Crocheron,  Henry,  a  Representative  from  New 
York;  born  in  Richmond  Hill,  Queens  county, 
N.  Y.,  December  26,  1772;  attended  common 
schools  and  engaged  in  business  as  a  general  mer- 
chant in  the  town  of  Northfield;  held  local  and 
county  offices;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Four- 
teenth Congress  (March  4,  1815-March  3,  1817); 
died  in  New  Springville,  N.  Y.,  October  15,  1819. 

Crocheron,  Jacob,  a  Representative  from 
New  York;  sheriff  of  Richmond  county;  elected 
as  a  Jackson  Democrat  to  the  Twenty-first  Con- 
gress (March  4,  1829-March  3,  1831);  presidential 
elector  on  the  Van  Buren  and  Johnson  ticket  in 
1837. 

Crocker,  Alyah,  a  Representative  from  Massa- 
chusetts; born  in  Leominster,  Mass.,  October  14, 
1801 ;  attended  public  schools  and  Groton  academy; 
proprietor  of  paper  manufactories  at  Fitchburg; 
president  of  the  Boston  &  Fitchburg  Railroad; 
commissioner  of  the  Hoosac  tunnel;  member  of 
the  state  house  of  representatives  in  1836,  1842, 
and  1843;  member  of  the  state  senate  for  two  terms.; 
elected  to  the  Forty-second  Congress  as  a  Repub- 
lican to  fill  the  vacancy  caused  by  the  resignation 
of  William  B.  Washburn;  reelected  to  the  Forty- 
third  Congress,  and  served  from  February  14,  1872, 
until  his  death  in  Fitchburg,  Mass.,  December  26 ' 
1874. 

Crocker,  Samuel  Leonard,  a  Representative 
from  Massachusetts;  born  in  Taunton,  Mass., 
March  31,  1804;  was  graduated  from  Brown  univer- 
sity in  1822;  engaged  in  manufacturing;  member  of 
the  executive  council  of  Massachusetts  in  1849; 
elected  as  a  Whig  to  the  Thirty-third  Congress 
(March  4,  1853-March  3,  1855);  defeated  for  elec- 
tion to  the  Thirty-fourth  Congress;  died  in  Boston, 
Mass.,  February  10,  1883. 

Crockett,  David,  a  Representative  from 
Tennessee;  born  at  the  mouth  of  Limestone  river  in 
Greene  county,  Tenn.,  August  17,  1786;  com- 


manded a  battalion  of  mounted  riflemen  under 
Gen.  Jackson  in  the  Creek  campaign  1813-14; 
member  of  the  state  legislature  1821-1823;  elected 
as  a  Whig  to  the  Twentieth  and  Twenty-first  Con- 
gresses (March  4,  1827-March  3,  1831);  defeated  for 
reelection;  again  elected  to  the  Twenty- third  Con- 
gress (March  4,  1833-March  3,  1835);  defeated  as  a 
candidate  for  the  Twenty-fourth  Congress;  went 
to  Texas  to  aid  the  Texans  in  their  struggle  for 
independence  in  1834;  joined  the  140»men  in  the 
defense  of  tha  Alamo,  and  was  one  of  the  six  who 
survived  the  merciless  slaughter;  surrendered  to 
Santa  Anna,  and  was  shot  by  his  orders  at  Fort 
Alamo,  San  Antoine  de  Bexar,  March  6,  1836. 

Crockett,  John  Wesley,  a  Representative  from 
Tennessee;  born  in  Trenton,  Tenn.,  July  10,  1807; 
attended  the  public  schools;  studied  law,  was  ad- 
mitted to  the  bar,  and  practiced  in  Paris,  Tenn., 
held  various  local  and  state  offices;  was  elected  as  a 
Whig  to  the  Twenty-fifth  and  Twenty-sixth  Con- 
gresses (March  4,  1837-March  3,  1841);  elected  by 
the  state  legislature  attorney  general  for  the  ninth 
district  of  Tennessee  November  1,  1841;  moved  to. 
New  Orleans  and  became  editor  of  the  National 
May  22,  1848;  moved  to  Memphis,  Tenn.,  where 
he  died  November  24,  1852. 

Croft,  George  William,  a  Representative  from 
South  Carolina;  born  in  Newberry  county,  S.  C., 
December  20,  1846;  attended  the  common  schools 
in  Greenville,  S.  C.;  in  1863  he  entered  the  South 
Carolina  military  academy  at  Columbia;  in  1864 
the  cadets  of  that  institution  were  placed  in  the 
Confederate  army  and  continued  to  serve  until  the 
close  of  the  Civil  War;  in  1866  and  1867  attended 
the  University  of  Virginia;  studied  law,  and  was 
admitted  to  the  bar  in  1869,  and  in  1870  located  in 
Aiken,  S.  C.,  where  he  practiced;  was  a  member  of 
the  state  senate,  and  served  two  terms  in  the  state 
house  of  representatives;  elected  to  the  Fifty- 
eighth  Congress,  and  served  from  March  4,  1903, 
until  his  death  in  Washington,  D.  C.,  March  9, 
1904. 

Croft,  Theodore  George,  a  Representative 
from  South  Carolina;  a  resident  of  Aiken,  S.  C. ; 
elected  to  the  Forty-eighth  Congress,  to  fill  vacancy 
caused  by  the  death  of  George  W.  Croft,  and 
served  from  December  5,  1904,  to  March  3,  1905. 

Cromer,  George  Washington,  a  Representa- 
tive from  Indiana;  born  in  Madison  county,  Ind., 
May  13,  1856;  moved  with  his  parents  into  Salem 
township,  Delaware  county,  Ind.;  attended  the 
common  schools,  and  Wittenberg  college,  of 
Springfield,  Ohio,  and  the  State  University  at 
Bloomington,  Ind.;  was  graduated  from  the  last- 
named  in  1882;  editor  of  the  Muncie  Times;  read 
and  began  the  practice  of  law  in  1886;  elected 
prosecuting  attorney  of  the  forty-sixth  judicial  cir- 
cuit of  Indiana  in  1886;  reelected  in  1888;  member 
of  the  state  Republican  committee  from  the  Sixth 
congressional  district  in  1892  and  1894;  elected 
mayor  of  Muncie  in  1894;  elected  as  a  Republican 
to  the  Fifty -sixth,  Fifty-seventh,  Fifty-eighth,  and 
Fifty-ninth  Congresses  (March  4,  1899-March  3, 
1907);  resumed  the  practice  of  law  in  Muncie,  Ind. 

Crooke,  Philip  Schuyler,  a  Representative 
from  New  York;  born  in  Poughkeepsie,  N.  Y., 
March  10,  1810;  was  graduated  from  the  Dutchess 
academy  at  Pughkeepsie;  studied  law,  and  in  1831 
admitted  to  the  bar;  located  in  Flatbush  in  1838; 
presidential  elector  in  1852  on  the  Democratic 
ticket;  elected  a  member  of  the  general  assembly 


580 


CONGRESSIONAL   DIRECTORY. 


as  a  Republican  in  1863;  member  of  the  board  of 
supervisors  of  Kings  county  1844-1852,  1858-1870, 
and  chairman  of  the  board  1861,  1862,  1864,  and 
1865;  served  forty  years  in  the  National  Guard  of 
the  state  of  New  York,  from  private  to  brigadier 
general;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Forty- third 
Congress  (March  4,  1873-March  3,  1875);  died  in 
Flatbush,  New  York  City,  March  17,  1881. 

Crosby,  John  Crawford,  a  Representative 
from  Massachusetts;  born  in  Sheffield,  Berkshire 
county,  Mass.,  June  15,  1859;  attended  the  public 
schools  of  Pittsfield ;  studied  law  and  was  graduated 
from  the  Boston  University  law  school;  admitted 
to  the  bar  and  engaged  in  practice;  elected  a  mem- 
ber of  the  school  committee  of  Pittsfield  in  1885, 
and  served  six  years;  elected  a  member  of  the  State 
house  of  representatives  in  1885  and  reelected  in 
1886;  elected  a  member  of  the  state  senate  in 
1887;  reelected  in  1888;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to 
the  Fifty-second  Congress  (March  4,  1891-March  3, 
1893);  after  leaving  Congress  was  twice  elected 
mayor  of  Pittsfield,  Mass.,  and  for  seven  years  city 
solicitor;  justice  of  the  superior  court  of  Berkshire 
county,  Mass.;  appointed  justice  of  the  supreme 
court  of  Massachusetts  January  25,  1905. 

Cross,  Edward,  a  Representative  from  Arkansas ; 
born  in  Rogersville,  Tenn.,  November  11,  1796; 
attended  the  public  schools ;  studied  law  and  prac- 
ticed; appointed  United  States  judge  for  the  dis- 
trict of  Arkansas  in  1832;  surveyor  of  public  lands 
of  Arkansas  in  1836;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the 
Twenty-sixth, Twenty-seventh,  and  Twenty-eighth 
Congresses  (March  4,  1839-March  3,  1845);  ap- 
pointed judge  of  the  state  supreme  court  in  July, 
1845;  president  of  the  Cairo  &  Fulton  (now  the  St. 
Louis,  Iron  Mountain  &  Southern)  railway  1855- 
1862;  died  in  his  country  residence,  "Millbrook," 
near  Washington,  Ark.,  April  6,  1887. 

Crossland,  Edward,  a  Representative  from 
Kentucky;  born  in  Hickman  county,  Ky.,  June 
30,  1827;  studied  law,  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1852, 
and  practiced;  member  of  the  state  legislature 
1857-58;  elected  judge  of  the  court  of  common 
pleas  of  the  first  judicial  district  of  Kentucky  in 
August,  1867,  for  six  years;  resigned  November  1, 
1870;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Forty-second 
and  Forty-third  Congresses  (March  4, 1871-March  3, 
1875);  resumed  the  practice  of  law  in  Mayfield,  Ky. ; 
elected  judge  of  the  circuit  court  for  the  first  judi- 
cial district  of  Kentucky  in  August,  1880,  •  and 
served  until  his  death  in  Mayfield,  Ky.,  Septem- 
ber 113  1881. 

Crouch,  Edward,  a  Representative  from 
Pennsylvania;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Thir- 
teenth Congress  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  the 
resignation  of  John  Gloninger,  and  served  from  De- 
cember 6,  1813,  to  March  3,  1815. 

Crounse,  Lorenzo,  a  Representative  from  Ne- 
braska; born  in  Sharon,  Schoharie  county,  N.  Y., 
January  27,  1834;  completed  a  preparatory  course; 
moved  to  Fort  Plain,  Montgomery  county,  N.  Y., 
in  1855  and  practiced  law;  raised  a  battery  of  light 
artillery  in  1861;  entered  the  Army  as  captain  in 
the  first  regiment.  New  York  light  artillery; 
wounded,  and  resigned  after  a  year's  service; 
moved  to  Nebraska  Territory  in  1864;  member  of 
the  Territorial  legislature  in  1866,  and  assisted  in 
framing  and  securing  the  adoption  of  the  state  con- 
stitution; elected  associate  judge  of  the  supreme 
court  and  entered  upon  its  duties  in  March,  1867, 
when  Nebraska  was  admitted  into  the  Union; 


elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Forty-third  and 
Forty-fourth  Congresses  (March  4,  1873-March  3, 
1877);  appointed  collector  of  internal  revenue, 
district  of  Nebraska,  in  1879;  appointed  assistant 
secretary  of  the  United  States  Treasury  in  1891; 
governor  of  Nebraska  1892-1893;  died  in  Omaha, 
Nebr.,  May  13,  1909;  interment  in  Fort  Calhoun, 
Nebr. 

Grouse,  George  Washington,  a  Representa- 
tive from  Ohio;  born  in  Tallmadge,  Summit  county, 
Ohio,  November  23,  1832;  attended  the  common 
schools;  elected  and  reelected  auditor  of  Summit 
county,  1858-1862;  held  the  office  of  county  treas- 
urer; county  commissioner  and  trustee  for  the  chil- 
dren's home;  member  and  president  of  the  city 
council  for  four  years;  member  and  president  of  the 
board  of  education  of  the  city  of  Akron  four  years; 
sergeant  in  company  F,  one  hundred  and  sixty- 
fourth  regiment,  Ohio  volunteer  infantry,  and 
served  in  fortifications  around  Washington  in  1864 ; 
elected  to  the  state  senate  in  1885,  and  served 
during  the  regular  and  adjourned  sessions  of  the 
sixty-seventh  general  assembly  until  March  4,  1887, 
when  he  resigned;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the 
Fiftieth  Congress  (March  4,  1887-March  3,  1889); 
died  in  Akron,  Ohio,  January  5,  1912. 

Crow,  Charles  Augustus,  a  Representative 
from  Missouri;  born  in  Sikeston,  Mo.,  March  31, 
1873;  lived  twenty -three  years  near  Sikeston, 
where  he  attended  common  schools;  moved  to  a 
farm  near  Bernie,  "Mo.,  August,  1896;  moved  to 
Caruthersville  in  1901;  postmaster  of  Caruthers- 
ville  for  seven  years;  elected  as  a  Republican  to 
the  Sixty-first  Congress  (March  4,  1909-March  3, 
1911);  a  resident  of  Caruthersville,  Mo. 

Crowell,  John,  a  Delegate  and  a  Representative 
from  Alabama;  born  in  Halifax  county,  N.  C.,  Sep- 
tember 18,  1780;  attended  the  public  schools; 
elected  as  a  Delegate  to  the  Fifteenth  Congress 
and  served  from  March  9,  1818,  to  March  3,  1819, 
when  the  state  constitution  went  into  operation; 
elected  to  the  Sixteenth  Congress  (March  4,  1819- 
March  3,  1821);  appointed  agent  for  the  Creek 
Indians,  then  inhabiting  western  Georgia  and 
eastern  Alabama,  and  occupied  the  position  until 
they  were  moved  to  the  Indian  Territory  in  1836; 
died  in  Fort  Mitchell,  Ala.,  June  25,  1846. 

Crowell,  John,  a  Representative  from  Ohio; 
born  in  East  Haddam,  Middlesex  county,  Conn., 
September  15,  1801;  moved  to  Warren,  Ohio  in 
1822;  attended  Warren  academy,  studied  law  and 
was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  Trumbull  county; 
editor  of  the  Western  Reserve  Chronicle  in  War- 
ren; elected  to  the  state  senate  in  1840;  elected  as 
a  Whig  to  the  Thirtieth  and  Thirty-first  Congresses 
(March  4,  1847-March  3,  1851);  resumed  the  prac- 
tice of  law  in  Cleveland,  Ohio;  president  of  the 
Ohio  State  and  Union  Law  college  1862-1874; 
died  in  Cleveland,  Ohio,  March  8,  1883. 

Crowley,  Joseph  Burns,  a  Representative  from 
Illinois;  born  in  Coshocton,  Ohio,  July  19,  1858; 
moved  with  his  parents  to  Robinson,  111.,  in  1872; 
attended  the  common  schools;  engaged  in  business 
1876-1880;  studied  law  and  admitted  to  the  bar  in 
May,  1883;  elected  judge  of  Crawford  county  in 
November,  1886,  and  reelected  in  1890;  appointed 
United  States  special  Treasury  agent  in  charge  of 
the  seal  fisheries  of  Alaska  in  April,  1893;  resigning 
in  April,  1898;  served  two  terms  as  president  of  the 
Robinson  City  school  board  and  two  terms  as 
master  in  chancery;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the 


BIOGRAPHIES. 


581 


Fifty-sixth,  Fifty-seventh,  and  Fifty-eighth  Con- 
gresses (March  4,  1899-March  3,  1905);  resumed  the 
practice  of  law  in  Robinson,  111. 

Crowley,  Miles,  a  Representative  from  Texas; 
born  near  Boston,  Mass.,  February  22,  1859; 
studied  law  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar;  moved 
to  Galveston,  Tex.,  and  practiced  law;  member  of 
the  state  house  of  representatives;  served  in  the 
state  senate;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Fifty- 
fourth  Congress  (March  4,  1895-March  3,  1897); 
resumed  the  practice  of  law  in  Galveston,  Tex.; 
elected  as  county  attorney  three  times;  district 
attorney  in  Texas. 

Crowley,  Richard,  a  Representative  from  New 
York;  born  in  Lockport,  N.  Y.,  December  14,  1836; 
attended  the  public  schools;  studied  law  and  ad- 
mitted to  the  bar  in  1860;  city  attorney  in  1865; 
elected  in  that  year  to  the  state  senate  and  re- 
elected  in  1867  and  served  from  January  1,  1866, 
to  January  1,  1870;  appointed  United  States  dis- 
trict attorney  for  the  northern  district  of  New  York 
in  1871,  and  reappointed  in  1875,  resigning  March 
3,  1879,  to  take  his  seat  in  Congress;  elected  as  a 
Republican  to  the  Forty-sixth  and  Forty-seventh 
Congresses  (March  4,  1879-March  3,  1883);  resumed 
the  practice  of  law  in  Lockport,  N.  Y.;  special  at- 
torney for  the  state  in  the  collection  of  state  war 
claims  1896,  until  his  death  in  Lockport,  N.  Y., 
July  22,  1908. 

Crowinshield,  Benjamin  Williams,  a  Repre- 
sentative from  Massachusetts;  born  in  Salem,  Mass., 
December  27,  1772;  was  prepared  for  college; 
engaged  in  mercantile  pursuits  in  Salem,  Mass.; 
member  of  the  state  house  of  representatives  in 
1807-1811;  state  senator  in  1812;  appointed  Secre- 
tary of  the  Navy  by  President  Madison,  December 
19,  1814;  reappointed  by  President  Monroe;  re- 
signed October  1, 1818;  again  a  member  of  the  state 
house  of  representatives  in  1821,  1826-1829,  and 
1833;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  tho  Eighteenth, 
Nineteenth,  Twentieth,  and  Twenty-first  Con- 
gresses (March  4,  1823-March  3,  1831);  defeated  for 
reelection  to  the  Twenty-second  Congress;  died  in 
Boston,  Mass.,  February  3,  1851. 

Crowinshield,  Jacob,  a  Representative  from 
Massachusetts;  born  in  Salem,  Mass.,  May  31,  1770; 
engaged  in  mercantile  pursuits;  defeated  as  the 
Democratic  candidate  to  tho  Sixth  Congress,  to  fill 
vacancy  caused  by  the  resignation  of  Dwight  Fos- 
ter; a  member  of  the  Massachusetts  house  of  repre- 
sentatives; tendered  the  position  of  Secretary  of  the 
Navy  by  President  Jefferson,  but  did  not  accept; 
elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Eighth,  Ninth,  and 
Tenth  Congresses,  and  served  from  March  4,  1803, 
until  his  death  in  Washington,  D.  C.,  April  14, 1808. 

Crowther,  George  Calhoun,  a  Representative 
from  Missouri;  born  in  Lancashire,  England;  Jan- 
uary 26,  1849;  came  with  parents  to  the  United 
States  and  located  in  St.  Joseph,  Mo. ;  attended  the 
public  schools  until  his  tenth  year,  when  he 
became  a  printer's  apprentice;  enterea  the  Union 
Army  in  1862,  and  was  mustered  out  of  service 
July  14,  1865;  moved  to  Kansas  in  1866  and  en- 
gaged in  newspaper  work  until  1873;  elected 
secretary  of  the  Kansas  state  senate  in  January, 
1869,  and  reelected  in  1871  and  1873;  again  en- 
gaged in  the  printing  and  publishing  of  a  news- 
paper, 1875-1886;  appointed  deputy  sheriff  of 
Buchanan  county,  Mo.,  in  1887;  elected  city 
treasurer  of  St.  Joseph  in  1888,  and  reelected  in 
1890;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Fifty-fourth 


Congress  (March  4,  1895-March  3,  1897);  engaged 
in  the  manufacture  of  iron  and  steel  in  St.  Joseph, 
Mo. 

Croxton,  Thomas,  a  Representative  from 
Virginia;  born  in  Tappahannock,  Essex  county, 
Va.,  March  15, 1822;  attended  the  primary  schools, 
the  Tappahannock  and  Fleetwood  academies, 
and  the  University  of  Virginia;  graduated  in  law 
in  June,  1842,  and  practiced;  attorney  for  the 
Commonwealth  from  July,  1852,  to  July,  1865, 
when  he  resigned;  served  on  the  staff  of  Gen. 
George  E.  Picket  in  the  Civil  War;  elector  from 
the  first  district  of  Virginia  on  the  Hancock  and 
English  ticket  in  1880;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to 
the  Forty-ninth  Congress  (March  4,  1885-March 
3,  1887);  elected  judge  of  Essex  county,  Va.;  died 
in  Tappahannock,  Va.,  July  3,  1903. 

Crozier,  John  Hervey,  a  Representative  from 
Tennessee;  born  in  Knoxville,  Tenn.,  February 
10,  1812;  attended  the  public  schools;  was  gradu- 
ated from  the  University  of  Tennessee  in  1829; 
studied  law  and  was  admitted  to  the  Knoxville 
bar;  member  of  state  house  of  representatives 
1837-1839;  elected  as  a  Whig  to  the  Twenty-ninth 
and  Thirtieth  Congresses  (March  4,  1845 -March 
3,  1849);  died  in  Knox  county,  Tenn.,  October 
25,  1889. 

Crozier,  Robert,  a  Representative  from  Kan- 
sas; elected  to  the  Forty-third  Congress,  to  fill  va- 
cancy caused  by  the  resignation  of  Alexander 
Caldwell,  and  served  from  December  1,  1873,  to 
March  3,  1875. 

Crudup,  Josiah,  a  Representative  from  North 
Carolina;  born  in  Wake  county,  N.  C.,  January  13, 
1791;  attended  a  private  school  in  Louisburg,  N. 
C.,  and  Columbian  college,  Washington,  D.  C.; 
studied  theology  and  was  ordained  a  Baptist  min- 
ister, and,  excepting  the  service  in  Congress,  con- 
tinued in  the  ministry  until  his  death;  elected  to 
the  Seventeenth  Congress  (March  4,  1821-March 
3,  1823);  died  near  Kittrell,  Vance  county,  N.  C., 
May  20,  1872. 

Cruger,  Daniel,  a  Representative  from  New 
York;  born  in  Sunbury,  Pa.,  December  22,  1780; 
attended  the  public  schools;  member  of  the  state 
house  of  representatives  1814-1815,  1816,  and  1826, 
and  served  as  speaker  in  1816;  elected  to  tho  Fif- 
teenth Congress  (March  4,  1817-March  3,  1819); 
district  attorney  of  Steuben  county  1815-1821; 
died  in  Bath,  N.  Y.,  in  June,  1843. 

Crump,  George  William,  a  Representative 
from  Virginia;  born  in  Powhatan  county,  Va.; 
was  graduated  from  Princeton  college;  studied 
medicine  and  practiced;  member  of  the  state 
house  of  representatives;  elected  as  a  Jackson 
Democrat  to  the  Nineteenth  Congress,  to  fill  the 
vacancy  caused  by  the  resignation  of  John  Ran- 
dolph, and  served  from  February  6,  1826,  to 
March  3,  1827;  defeated  for  reelection  to  the 
Twentieth  Congress;  appointed  by  President 
Jackson  chief  clerk  of  the  pension  bureau  in 
1832,  which  position  he  held  until  his  death  in 
Washington,  D.  C.,  in  1850. 

Crump,  Rousseau  Owen,  a  Representative 
from  Michigan;  born  in  Pittsford,  Monroe  county, 
N.  Y.,  May  20,  1843;  attended  the  Pittsford  arid 
Rochester  schools;  followed  the  lumber  business; 
established  his  first  home  in  Plainwell,  Mich.,  in 
1869;  moved  to  West  Bay  City,  Mich.,  and  engaged 


582 


CONGEESSIONAL  DIKECTOKY. 


in  manufacturing;  served  as  alderman  for  four  years, 
and  in  the  spring  of  1892  nominated  and  elected 
mayor,  and  reelected  in  1894;  elected  as  a  Repub- 
lican to  the  Fifty-fourth,  Fifty-fifth,  Fifty-sixth, 
and  Fifty-seventh  Congresses,  and  served  from 
March  4,  1895,  until  his  death  in  West  Bay  City, 
Mich.,  May  1,  1901. 

Crumpacker,  Edgar  Dean,  a  Representative 
from  Indiana;  born  in  Laporte  county,  Ind.,  May 
27,  1851;  attended  the  common  schools  and  Val- 
paraiso academy;  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1876, 
and  practiced  in  Valparaiso,  Ind.;  prosecuting 
attorney  for  the  thirty-first  judicial  district  of 
Indiana  1884-1888;  served  as  appellate  judge,  by 
appointment  under  Gov.  Hovey,  from  March, 
1891,  to  January  1,  1893;  elected  as  a  Republican 
to  the  Fifty-fifth,  and  to  the  six  succeeding  Con- 
gresses March  4,  1897-March  3,  1911);  Reelected  to 
the  Sixty-second  Congress. 

Crutchneld,  William,  a  Representative  from 
Tennessee;  born  in  Greenville,  Tenn.,  November 
16,  1826;  attended  the  common  schools;  moved  to 
McMinn  county,  Tenn.,  in  early  youth  and 
remained  there  four  years;  settled  in  Alabama  in 
1844  and  engaged  in  farming;  became  a  permanent 
resident  of  Chattanooga  in  1850;  elected  as  a  Re- 
publican to  the  Forty-third  Congress  (March  4, 
1873-March  3,  1875);  died  in  Chattanooga,  Tenn., 
January  24,  1890. 

Culberson,  Charles  A.,  a  Senator  from  Texas; 
born  in  Dadeville,  Tallapoosa  county ,  Alsf.,  June  10, 
1855;  eldest  son  of  David  B.  Culberson,  for  twenty- 
two  years  a  member  of  the  House  of  Representa- 
tives from  Texas;  resided  in  Gilmer  and  Jefferson, 
Tex.,  until  1887,  when  he  moved  to  Dallas;  at- 
tended the  common  schools  and  was  graduated 
from  the  Virginia  military  institute,  Lexington,  in 
1874;  studied  law  at  the  University  of  Virginia  in 
1876-1877 ;  was  admitted  to-the  bar,  and  practiced; 
elected  attorney  general  of  Texas  in  1890  and  1892; 
elected  governor  of  Texas  in  1894  and  1896;  dele- 
gate at  large  to  the  .Democratic  national  conven- 
tion in  Chicago  in  1896;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to 
the  United  States  Senate  January  25,  1899,  and 
took  his  seat  March  4, 1899;  reelected  in  1905,  again 
in  1911  for  the  term  expiring  March  4,  1917. 

Culberson,  David  Browning,  a  Representative 
from  Texas;  born  in  Troup  county,  Ga.,  September 
29,  1830;  pursued  preparatory  studies  in  Brown- 
wood,  Lagrange,  Ga.;  studied  law  under  Chief 
Justice  Chilton,  of  Alabama;  moved  to  Teaxs  in 
1856,  and  elected  a  member  of  the  legislature  of  that 
state  in  1859;  entered  the  Confederate  army  as  a 
private,  and  promoted  to  the  rank  of  colonel  of  the 
eighteenth  Texas  infantry;  assigned  to  duty  in  1864 
as  adjutant  general,  with  the  rank  of  colonel,  of  the 
state  of  Texas;  elected  to  the  state  legislature  in 
1864;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Forty-fourth 
and  the  ten  succeeding  Congresses  (March  4,  1875- 
March  3,  1897);  appointed  by  President  McKinley 
as  one  of  the  commissioners  to  codify  the  laws  of 
the  United  States,  June  21.  1897,  and  held  this 
position  until  he  died  in  his  home,  Jefferson,  Marion 
county,  Tex.,  May  7,  1900. 

Culbertson,  William  Constantine,  a  Repre- 
sentative from  Pennsylvania;  born  in  Erie  county, 
Pa.,  November  27,  1825;  attended  the  common 
schools;  engaged  in  lumbering  and  farming; 
elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Fifty-first  Congress 
(March  4,  1889-March  3,  1891);  returned  to  Girard, 
Pa. ,  where  he  devoted  his  time  to  business  interests. 


Culbertson,  William  Wirt,  a  Representative 
from  Kentucky;  born  near  Lewistown,  Pa.;  went 
with  his  parents  to  Kentucky;  attended  the  com- 
mon schools;  engaged  in  the  manufacture  of  iron; 
served  in  the  civil  war ;  enlisted  as  a  private  in 
company  F,  twenty-seventh  Ohio  infantry  July 
16,  1861;  captain  August  2,  1861;  resigned  March 

3,  1864;  elected  to  the  state  legislature  in  1870  and 
to  the  state  senate  in  1873;  delegate  in  the  Repub- 
lican national  conventions  in  Cincinnati  and  Chi- 
cago in  1876  and   1880  and  in  1884,  and  was  one 
of  the  steadfast  306  who  stood  for  General  Grant  in 
1880;  mayor  of  the  city  of  Ashland;  elected  as  a 
Republican  to  the  Forty-eighth  Congress  (March 

4,  1883-March  3,  1885);  died  in  Oxford,  Ohio,  Oc- 
tober 31,  1911. 

Culbreth,Thomas,  a  Representative  from  Mary- 
land; born  in  Kent  county,  Del.,  April  13,  1786; 
moved  to  Caroline  county,  Md.;  member  of  the 
state  house  of  representatives  in  1813;  elected  as  a 
Democrat  to  the  Fifteenth  and  Sixteenth  Con- 
gresses (March  4,  1817-March  3,  1821);  declined 
nominations  to  the  Seventeenth  and  Eighteenth 
Congresses;  chief  judge  of  the  Caroline  county  or- 
phans' court  in  1822;  clerk  of  the  executive  coun- 
cil of  Maryland  1825-1838;  died  near  Greensboro, 
Caroline  county,  Md.,  April  16,  1843. 

Cullen,  Elisha  Dickerson,  a  Representative 
from  Delaware;  born  in  Millsboro,  Sussex  county, 
Del.,  April  23,  1799;  attended  Princeton  college; 
studied  law  and  was  admitted  to  the  Delaware  bar 
in  1821,  and  commenced  practice  in  Georgetown, 
Del.;  elected  as  an  American  to  the  Thirty-fourth 
Congress  (March  4,  1855-March  3,  1857);  defeated 
for  reelection  to  the  Thirty-fifth  Congress;  died 
in  Georgetown,  Del.,  February  8,  1862;  interment 
in  Lewes,  Del.,  cemetery. 

Cullen,  William,  a  Representative  from  Illinois; 
born  in  the  north  of  Ireland  March  4,  1826;  when  a 
child  his  parents  came  to  the  United  States  and 
located  in  Pittsburgh,  Pa.,  where  he  attended  the 
public  schools;  moved  to  Illinois  in  1846  and 
located  on  a  farm;  sheriff  of  Lasalle  county;  held 
other  local  offices;  moved  to  Ottawa,  111.;  politi- 
cal editor  of  the  Ottawa  Republican;  elected  as 
a  Republican  to  the  Forty-seventh  and  Forty- 
eighth  Congresses  (March  4,  1881-March  3,  1885); 
a  resident  of  Ottawa,  111.;  retired  from  business. 

Cullom,  Alvan,  a  Representative  from  Tennes- 
see; born  in  Monticello,  Ky.,  September  4,  1797; 
received  a  liberal  schooling;  studied  law  and  com- 
menced practice  in  Livingston,  Tenn.;  member 
of  the  state  house  of  representatives  for  several 
years;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Twenty- 
eighth  and  Twenty-ninth  Congresses  (March  4, 
1843-March  3,  1847;  a  circuit  judge;  delegate  to 
eth  peace  conference  of  1861;  died  in  Livingston, 
Overton  county,  Tenn.,  July  20,  1877. 

Cullom,  Shelby  Moore,  a  Representative  and 
a  Senator  from  Illinois;  born  in  Wayne  county, 
Ky.,  November  22, 1829;  moved  with  his  father  to 
Tazewell  county,  111.,  the  following  year;  received 
an  academic  and  university  training;  went  to 
Springfield  in  1853;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to 
the  bar  in  1855  and  commenced  practice  in  Spring- 
field; elected  city  attorney;  presidential  elector  in 
1856;  elected  to  the  state  house  of  representatives 
in  1856,  and  1860-1861,  and  served  as  speaker  of 
the  house  the  second  year ;  elected  as  a  Republican 
to  the  Thirty-ninth,  Fortieth,  andForty-first  Con- 
gresses (March  4,  1865-March  3,  1871);  again  a 


BIOGKAPHIES. 


583 


member  of  the  state  house  of  representatives  1873- 
1874  and  speaker  in  1873;  delegate  to  the  Repub- 
lican national  convention  at  Philadelphia  in  1872, 
and  placed  Gen.  Grant  in  nomination;  delegate  to 
the  Republican  national  convention  in  1884  and 
1892;  elected  governor  of  Illinois  in  1876  and  1880 
and  served  from  Januarys,  1877,  until  February  5, 
1883,  when  he  resigned;  elected  to  the  United 
States  Senate  and  took  his  seat  December  4,  1883; 
reelected  in  1888, 1894, 1900, 1906,  and  1911  for  the 
term  expiring  Mferch  3, 1915;  a  regent  of  the  Smith- 
sonian institution;  member  of  the  commission  ap- 
pointed to  prepare  a  system  of  laws  for  the  Hawai- 
ian Islands. 

Cullom,  William,  a  Representative  from  Ten- 
nessee; born  in  Monticello,  Ky.,  June  4,  1810;  at- 
tended the  public  schools;  studied  law  in  Lex- 
ington, Ky.,  and  practiced  in  the  courts  of  Ken- 
tucky and  Tennessee;  located  in  Carthage,  Tenn.; 
elected  as  a  Whig  to  the  Thirty-second  and  Thirty- 
third  Congresses  (March  4,  1851-March  3,  1855); 
defeated  for  reelection  to  the  Thirty-fourth  Con- 

gress;  clerk  of  the  House  for  the  Thirty-fourth 
ongress,  and  served  from  February  4,  1856,  to 
December  6,  1857;  died  in  Clinton,  Tenn.,  Decem- 
ber 21,  1896. 

Cullop,  William  Allen,  a  Representative  from 
Indiana;  born  in  Knox  county,  Ind.,  March  28, 
1853 ;  attended  the  common  schools  and  was  grad- 
uated from  Hanover  college  in  June,  1878;  taught 
for  two  years  in  the  Vincennes  university;  studied 
law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced 
practice  in  Vincennes,  Ind.,  in  June,  1880;  prose- 
cuting attorney  of  the  twelfth  judicial  circuit  1883- 
1886;  member  of  the  Indiana  legislature  1891-1893; 
delegate  to  the  Democratic  national  conventions  of 
1892  and  1896;  in  1900  was  a  candidate  for  elector 
on  the  Democratic  ticket;  in  1904  was  chairman  of 
the  committee  on  resolutions  at  the  Indiana  Dem- 
ocratic state  convention,  and  reported  the  platform 
to  the  convention;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the 
Sixty-first  Congress  (March  4,  1909-March  3,  1911). 
Reelected  to  the  Sixty-second  Congress. 

Culpepper,  John,  a  Representative  from  North 
Carolina;  born  in  Anson  county,  N.  C.,  in  1761;  at- 
tended the  public  schools;  licensed  to  preach  in  the 
Baptist  denomination ;  elected  as  a  Federalist  to  the 
Tenth  Congress;  seat  was  contested  and  declared 
vacant  January  2,  1808,  on  account  of  irregulari- 
ties; was  subsequently  reelected  and  took  his 
seat  February  23,  1808;  elected  to  the  Thirteenth 
and  Fourteenth  Congresses  (March  4, 1813-March  3, 
1817);  defeated  for  the  Fifteenth  Congress;  elected 
to  the  Sixteenth  Congress  (March  4,  1819-March  3, 
1821);  defeated  for  the  Seventeenth  Congress; 
elected  to  the  Eighteenth  Congress  (March  4,  1823- 
March  3,  1825);  defeated  for  the  Nineteenth  Con- 
gress; elected  to  the  Twentieth  Congress  (March  4, 
1827-March  3,  1829);  died  in  the  residence  of  his 
son  in  South  Carolina,  in  1837. 

Culver,  Charles  Vernon,  a  Representative 
from  Pennsylvania;  born  in  Logan,  Ohio,  Sep- 
tember 6,  1830;  received  a  liberal  preparatory- 
schooling,  and  attended  the  Ohio  Wesleyan  uni- 
versity, Delaware,  Ohio;  engaged  in  business;  in- 
terested in  the  development  of  oil  in  Venango 
county,  Pa.,  and  the  establishment  of  national 
banks;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Thirty-ninth 
Congress  (March  4,  1865-March  3,  1867);  while  a 
member  of  Congress  became  bankrupt  and  was  im- 
prisoned in  1866,  but  after  a  prolonged  trial  was 


acquitted;  resumed  operations  in  the  oil  business, 
with  headquarters  in  Franklin,  Pa. ;  died  in  Phil- 
adelphia, Pa.,  January  10,  1909. 

Culver,  Erastus  Dean,  a  Representative  from 
New  York;  born  in  Cham  plain,  Washington  county, 
N.  Y.,  March  15,  1903;  was  graduated  from  the 
University  of  Vermont  in  1826;  studied  law,  was 
admitted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced  practice  in 
Fort  Ann,  N.  Y.,  in  1831;  moved  to  Greenwich, 
N.  Y.,  in  1836;  elected  to  the  state  assembly  1838 
and  1841;  elected  as  a  Whig  to  the  Twenty-ninth 
Congress  (March  4,  1845-March  3,  1847);  moved  to 
Brooklyn,  N.  Y.,  in  1850;  became  the  second  judge 
of  the  city  court  of  Brooklyn  in  1855  and  served 
until  1861;  United  States  minister  to  Venezuela 
1862-1870;  died  in  Greenwich,  N.  Y.,  October  13, 
1889. 

Cumback,  William,  a  Representative  from  Indi- 
ana; was  born  in  Franklin  county,  Ind.,  March  24, 
1829;  was  graduated  from  the  Miami  university, 
Ohio;  taught  school  two  years;  studied  law  at  the 
Cincinnati  law  school,  and  afterward  practiced  in 
Greensburg,  Ind.;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the 
Thirty-fourth  Congress  (March  4,  1855-March  3, 
1857);  defeated  for  the  Thirty-fifth  Congress;  presi- 
dential elector  in  1860  on  the  Lincoln  and  Hamlin 
ticket;  appointed  by  President  Lincoln  a  pay- 
master in  the  Army;  lieutenant  governor  in  1868; 
died  in  Greensburg,  Ind.,  August  1,  1905. 

Gumming,  Thomas  W.,  a  Representative  from 
New  York;  born  in  Maryland;  moved  to  Brooklyn, 
N.  Y.;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Thirty-third 
Congress  (March  4,  1853-March  3,  1855). 

Gumming,  William,  a  Delegate  from  North 
Carolina;  born  in  Edenton,  N.  C.;  studied  law,  was 
admitted  to  the  bar,  and  practiced;  Delegate  to 
the  Continental  Congress  in  1784;  elected  to  the 
house  of  commons  of  North  Carolina  in  1788. 

Cummings,  Amos  Jay,  a  Representative  from 
New  York;  born  in  Conkling,  Broome  county, 
N.  Y.,  May  15,  1841;  attended  the  common  schools; 
entered  a  printing  office  when  twelve  years  of  age; 
with  Walker  in  the  last  invasion  of  Nicaragua  in 
October,  1858;  sergeant  major  of  the  twenty-sixth 
New  Jersey  regiment,  second  brigade,  sixth  corps, 
Army  of  the  Potomac;  filled  editorial  positions  on 
the  New  York  Tribune  under  Horace  Greeley,  New 
York  Sun,  New  York  Express,  and  editor  of  the 
Evening  Sun  on  entering  upon  his  congressional 
duties;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Fiftieth  and 
to  the  seven  succeeding  Congresses  (March  4,  1887- 
March  3,  1903);  died  in  Baltimore,  Md.,  May  2, 
1902. 

•    Cummings,    Henry   Johnson   Brodhead,    a 

Representative  from  Iowa;  born  in  Newton,  N.  J., 
May  21,  1831;  attended  the  pubjic  schools;  edited 
a  newspaper  in  Schuylkill  county,  Pa.,  in  1850; 
studied  law  and  commenced  practice  in  Winterset, 
Iowa,  in  January,  1856;  elected  county  prosecuting 
attorney  in  August,  1856,  and  held  the  office  two 
years  and  three  months;  entered  the  Union  Army 
in  July,  1861,  and  elected  captain  of  company  F  of 
the  fourth  Iowa  infantry;  commissioned  colonel  of 
the  thirty-ninth  Iowa  infantry,  which  he  com- 
manded until  1865;  became  editor  and  proprietor  of 
the  Winterset  Madisonian  in  1869;  elected  as  a  Re- 
publican to  the  Forty-fifth  Congress  (March  4, 1877- 
March  3,  1879);  died  in  Winterset,  Iowa,  April  16, 
1909. 


584 


CONGRESSIONAL    DIRECTORY. 


Cummins,  Albert  Baird,  a  Senator  from  Iowa; 
born  near  Carmichaels,  Pa.,  February  15,  1850; 
attended  the  public  schools,  a  preparatory  acad- 
emy, and  was  three  years  in  Waynesburg  (Pa.) 
college;  member  of  the  house  of  representatives 
of  the  twenty-second  general  assembly  of  Iowa; 
member  of  tne  Republican  national  committee 
from  1896  to  1900,  and  governor  from  January,  1902, 
until  November  24,  1908,  when  he  was  elected 
to  fill  the  vacancy  in  the  United  States  Senate 
caused  by  the  death  of  William  B.  Allison;  re- 
elected  for  the  term  ending  March  3,  1915. 

Cummins,  John  D.,  a  Representative  from 
Ohio;  born  in  Pennsylvania;  attended  the  public 
schools  and  was  graduated  from  Jefferson  college, 
Canonsburg,  Pa.,  in  1834;  studied  law,  was  admit- 
ted to  the  bar,  and  commenced  practice  in  New 
Philadelphia,  Ohio;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the 
Twenty-ninth  and  Thirtieth  Congr3sses  (March  4, 
1845-March  3,  1849);  died  in  Milwaukee,  Wis., 
September  11,  1849. 

Cunningham,  Francis  Alanson,  a  Represen- 
tative from  Ohio;  born  in  Abbeville  district, 
N.  C.,  November  9,  1804;  moved  to  Eaton,  Ohio; 
elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Twenty-ninth  Con- 
gress (March  4,  1845-March  3,  1847);  appointed 
additional  paymaster  of  volunteers  by  President 
Polk,  December  30,  1847;  commissioned  paymas- 
ter in  the  regular  army  March  2,  1849 ;  was  retired 
from  active  service  August  27,  1863;  died  in  Eaton, 
Ohio,  August  16,  1864. 

Currier,  Frank  Dunklee,  a  Representative 
from  New  Hampshire;  born  in  Canaan,  N.  H., 
October  30,  1853;  received  a  common  school  afid 
academic  training;  studied  law,  and  was  admitted 
to  the  bar  in  1874;  member  of  the  state  house  of 
representatives  in  1879 ;  secretary  of  the  Republican 
state  committee  1882-1890 ;  clerk  of  the  state  senate 
1883-1887;  delegate  in  the  Republican  national 
convention  of  1884;  president  of  the  state  senate 
in  1887;  naval  officer  of  customs  at  the  port  of  Bos- 
ton, Mass.,  1890-1894;  speaker  of  the  state  house  of 
representatives  in  1899;  elected  as  a  Republican  to 
the  Fifty-seventh,  Fifty-eighth,  Fifty-ninth,  Six- 
tieth and  Sixty-first  Congresses  (March  4,  1901- 
March  3,  1911).  Reelected  to  the  Sixty-second  Con- 


Curry,  Jabez  Lamar  Monroe,  a  Representa- 
tive from  Alabama;  born  in  Lincoln  county,  Ga., 
June  5,  1825;  moved  with  his  father  to  Talladega 
county,  Ala.,  in  1838;  was  graduated  from  the  Uni- 
versity of  Georgia  in  1843;  studied  law,  was  ad- 
mitted to  the  t>ar,  and  commenced  practice  in 
Talladega  county  in  1845;  served  in  the  War  with 
Mexico  as  a  private  in  the  Texas  rangers  in  1846, 
but  resigned  on  account  of  ill  health ;  member  of 
the  state  house  of  representatives  1847,  1853,  and 
1855;  presidential' elector  on  the  Buchanan  ticket 
in  1856;  elected  as  a  States'  Rights  Democrat  to 
the  Thirty-fifth  and  Thirty-sixth  Congresses,  and 
served  from  March  4,  1857,  to  January  21,  1861, 
when  he  retired  from  the  House;  deputy  from  Ala- 
bama to  the  Provisional  Confederate  congress,  and 
a  representative  to  the  first  Confederate  congress ; 
served  as  a  lieutenant  colonel  of  cavalry  in  the 
Confederate  army;  after  the  war  became  a  Baptist 
preacher;  chosen  president  of  Howard  college,  Ala- 
bama, in  1865;  professor  in  Richmond  college,  Vir- 
ginia, 1868-1881;  appointed  minister  to  Spain  in 
1885;  died  in  Washington,  D.  C.,  February  12,  1903. 


Curtin,  Andrew  Gregg,  a  Representative  from 
Pennsylvania;  born  in  Bellefonte,  Pa.,  April  22, 
1817;  pursued  preparatory  studies  in  Milton  acad- 
emy and  was  graduated  from  Dickinson  college  in 
1837;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1839; 
supported  Gen.  Harrison  for  the  presidency  in  1840; 
a  Whig  elector  in  1848  and  1852;  secretary  of  the 
Commonwealth  of  Pennsylvania  and  superintend- 
ent of  public  instruction;  governor  of  Pennsyl- 
vania from  January  15,  1861,  toJanuarylS,  1867,  and 
was  most  active  in  support  of  the  Union  Army 
throughout  the  period  of  the  Civil  War,  and  in  rais- 
ing and  equipping  270  regiments,  besides  a  number 
of  detached  companies,  that  Pennsylvania  fur- 
nished for  the  northern  armies;  minister  to  Russia 
1869-1872;  member  of  the  constitutional  conven- 
tion of  Pennsylvania;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the 
Forty-seventh,  Forty-eighth,  and  Forty-ninth  Con- 
gresses (March  4,  1881-March  3,  1887);  died  in 
Bellefonte,  Pa.,  October  7,  1894. 

Curtis,  Carlton  B.,  a  Representative  from 
Pennsylvania;  born  in  Madison  county,  N.  Y., 
December  17,  1811;  studied  law  and  commenced 
practice  in  Warren,  Pa.;  elected  to  the  legislature 
in  1836,  1837,  and  1838;  elected  as  a  Whig  to  the 
Thirty-second  and  Thirty-third  Congresses  (March 
4,  1851-March  3,  1855);  served  in  the  Union  Army 
as  a  colonel  of  a  regiment  of  Pennsylvania  volun- 
teers; moved  to  Erie,  Pa.;  again  elected  and  as  a 
Republican  to  the  Forty-third  Congress  (March  4, 
1873-March  3,  1875);  defeated  for  reelection  to  the 
Forty-fourth  Congress;  died  in  Erie,  Pa.,  March  17, 
1883. 

Curtis,  Charles,  a  Representative  and  a  Sen- 
ator from  Kansas;  born  in  Topeka,  Kans.,  January 
25,  1860;  attended  common  schools  of  the  city  of 
Topeka;  studied  law  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in 
1881 ;  elected  county  attorney  of  Shawnee  county  in 
1884  and  reelected  in  1886;  elected  as  a  Republican 
to  the  Fifty-third  and  the  seven  succeeding  Con- 
gresses, and  served  from  March  4,  1893,  until  Janu- 
ary, 1907,  when  he  was  elected  to  the  United  States 
Senate  to  fill  out  the  unexpired  term  of  Joseph  R. 
Burton,  resigned,  and  was  reelected  for  the  full 
term  beginning  March  4,  1907;  took  his  seat  Janu- 
ary 29,  1907. 

Curtis,  Edward,  a  Representative  from  New 
York;  born  in  Windsor,  Vt.,  October  25,  1801;  was 
graduated  from  Union  college  in  1821;  studied 
law  and  commenced  practice  in  New  York  City  in 
1824;  elected  as  a  Whig  to  the  Twenty-fifth  and 
Twenty-sixth  Congresses  (March  4,  1837-March  3, 
1841);  appointed  by  President  Harrison  collector  of 
the  port  of  New  York,  March  18,  1841,  and  held  the 
position  until  July  7,  1844;  resumed  the  practice  of 
law  in  Washington,  D.  C.;  died  in  New  York  City 
August  2,  1856. 

Curtis,  George  Mortimer,  a  Representative 
from  Iowa;  born  near  Oxford,  Chenango  county, 
N.  Y.,  April  1,  1844;  moved  with  his  parents  to 
Ogle  county,  111.,, in  1856;  attended  the  common 
schools  and  Rock  River  seminary,  Mount  Morris,  111 , ; 
engaged  as  clerk  in  Rochelle,  111.,  1863-1865,  and 
subsequently  for  two  years  in  Cortland,  111. ;  moved 
to  Clinton,  Iowa,  in  1867;  engaged  in  the  manu- 
facture of  lumber,  etc.;  member  of  the  twenty- 
second  general  assembly;  delegate  to  the  Republi- 
can national  convention  in  1892;  elected  as  a 
Republican  to  the  Fifty-fourth  and  Fifty-fifth 
Congresses  (March  4,  1895-March  3,  1899);  resumed 
the  manufacture  of  house  trimmings  in  Clinton, 
Iowa. 


BIOGRAPHIES. 


585 


Curtis,  Newton  Martin,  a  Representative  from 
New  York;  born  in  Depeyster,  St.  Lawrence 
county,  N.  Y.,  May  21, 1835;  attended  the  common 
schools  and  Gouverneur  Wesleyan  seminary; 
entered  the  Union  Army;  commissioned  captain 
sixteenth  New  York  infantry  May  15,  1861; 
lieutenant  colonel  one  hundred  and  forty-second 
New  York  infantry  October  22,  1862;  colonel 
January  21,  1863;  brigadier  general  of  volunteers 
January  15,  1865;  brevet  brigadier  general  Octo- 
ber 28,  1864,  "for  distinguished  service  in  the 
movement  on  the  enemy's  works  near  New 
Market,  Va. ";  major  general  March  13,  1865, 
"for  gallant  and  meritorious  service  at  the  capture 
of  Fort  Fisher,  N.  C.";  awarded  a  medal  of  honor 
"for  being  the  first  man  at  Fort  Fisher,  N.  C.,  Jan- 
uary 15,  1865,  to  pass  through  the  stockade,  and 
for  leading  the  assault  on  the  traverses,  sustaining 
four  severe  wounds;"  mustered  out  of  service 
January  15,  1866;  appointed  collector  of  customs, 
district  of  Oswegatchie,  N.  Y.,  in  1866;  appointed 
special  agent  United  States  Treasury  department 
in  1867,  which  position  he  resigned  in  1880; 
employed  1880-1882  by  the  Department  of  Justice; 
member  of  the  assembly  1884-1890;  elected  as  a 
Republican  to  the  Fifty-second  Congress  to  fill 
vacancy  caused  by  the  resignation  of  Leslie  W. 
Russell;  reelected  to  the  Fifty-third  and  Fifty- 
fourth  Congresses  (March  4,  1893-March  3,  1897); 
assistant  inspector  general  of  the  National  homes 
for  disabled  volunteer  soldiers;  died  in  New 
York  City,  June  8,  1910;  interment  in  Ogdens- 
burg,  N.  Y. 

Curtis,  Samuel  Ryan,  a  Representative  from 
Iowa;  born  in  Clinton  county,  N.  Y.,  February  3, 
1807;  reared  in  Ohio,  where  he  attended  the  public 
schools;  appointed  a  cadet  at  West  Point  in  1827 
and  was  graduated  in  July,  1831,  as  brevet  second 
lieutenant  in  the  seventh  infantry,  and  resigned  in 
June,  1832;  studied  law  and  commenced  practice 
in  Ohio;  chief  engineer  of  the  Muskingum  River 
improvements  April,  1837,  to  May,  1839;  served  in 
the  War  with  Mexico  as  colonel  of  the  third  Ohio 
infantry  June  23,  1846;  honorably  discharged 
June  24,  1847;  resumed  the  practice  of  law;  elected 
as  a  Republican  to  the  Thirty-fifth,  Thirty-sixth, 
and  Thirty-seventh  Congresses,  and  served  from 
March  4,  1857,  to  August  4, 1861,  when  he  resigned; 
served  in  the  Union  Army  as  colonel  of  the  second 
Iowa  infantry  June  1,  1861;  brigadier  general  of 
volunteers  May  17,  1861;  major  general  of  volun- 
teers March  21,  1862;  mustered  out  April  30,  1866; 
appointed  United  States  peace  commissioner  to 
treat  with  the  Indians  in  1865;  appointed  com- 
missioner to  examine  and  report  on  the  Union 
Pacific  railroad,  and  served  from  November,  1865, 
to  April,  1866;  died  in  Council  Bluffs,  Iowa,  De- 
cember 25,  1866. 

Cusack,  Thomas,  a  Representative  from 
Illinois;  bom  in  Ireland,  Octobers,  1858;  moved  to 
New  York  with  his  parents  when  three  years  of  age ; 
after  the  death  of  his  parents  moved  to  Chicago; 
attended  private  and  public  schools  in  both  cities; 
engaged  in  the  advertising-sign  painting  business 
December,  1875;  member  of  the  board  of  education 
1891-1898,  and  vice  president  of  the  board  during 
the  years  1896-1898;  member  of  the  state  central 
committee  1896-1898;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to 
the  Fifty-sixth  Congress  (March  4,  1879-March  3, 
1881);  resumed  business  in  Chicago,  111. 

Gushing,  Caleb,  a  Representative  from  Massa- 
chusetts; born  in  Salisbury,  Mass.,  January  17, 


1800;  was  graduated  from  Harvard  college  in  1817; 
studied  law,  admitted  to  the  bar  at  Newburyport 
in  1823;  member  of  the  state  house  of  representa- 
tives in  1825,  and  of  the  state  senate  in  1827;  again 
a  member  of  the  state  house  of  representatives  in 
1833  and  1834;  elected  as  a  Whig  to  the  Twenty- 
fourth,  Twenty-fifth,  Twenty-sixth,  and  Twenty- 
seventh  Congresses  (March  4,  1835-March  3,  1843); 
appointed  by  President  Tyler  commissioner  to 
China,  and  served  from  May  8,  1843,  to  March  13, 
1845;  again  a  member  of  the  state  house  of  repre- 
sentatives 1845-1846;  colonel  of  a  Massachusetts 
regiment  which  served  in  the  War  with  Mexico; 
appointed  brigadier  general  by  President  Polk 
April  14,  1847;  defeated  as  the  Democratic  candi- 
date for  governor  in  1847,  and  again  in  1848;  again 
elected  to  the  state  house  of  representatives  in 
1850;  offered  the  position  as  attorney  general  of 
Massachusetts  in  1851,  but  declined,-  mayor  of 
Newburyport,  Mass.,  1851-1852;  appointed  judge 
of  the  supreme  court  of  Massachusetts  in  1852; 
appointed  by  President  Pierce  Attorney  Gen- 
eral of  the  United  States  March  7,  1853;  president 
of  the  Democratic  national  convention  at  Balti- 
more and  Charleston  in  1860;  appointed  by  Presi- 
dent Johnson  a  commissioner  to  codify  the  laws  of 
the  United  States,  1866-1870;  appointed  by  Presi- 
dent Grant  counsel  for  the  United  States  before  the 
Geneva  tribunal  of  arbitration  on  the  Alabama 
claims;  nominated  by  President  Grant  in  1874  to 
be  Chief  Justice  of  the  Supreme  Court  of  the 
United  States,  but  was  not  confirmed  by  the  Sen- 
ate; minister  to  Spain  1874-1877;  died  in  New- 
buryport, Mass.,  January  2,  1879. 

Gushing,  Thomas,  a  Delegate  from  Massa- 
chusetts; born  in  Boston,  Mass.,  March  24,  1725; 
was  graduated  from  Harvard  college  in  1744; 
studied  law  and  admitted  to  the  bar  in  Boston; 
for  many  years  member  of  the  provincial  assembly; 
member  of  the  Provincial  Congress  in  1774;  Dele- 
gate to  the  Continental  Congress  1774—1776;  com- 
missary general  of  Massachusetts  in  1775;  declined 
a  reelection  to  the  Continental  Congress  in  1779; 
lieutenant  governor,  1779-1788,  and  acting  gov- 
ernor in  1788;  died  in  Boston,  Mass.,  February  28, 
1788. 

Cushman,  Francis  Wellington,  a  Represen- 
tative from  Washington;  born  in  Brighton,  Wash- 
ington county,  Iowa,  May  8,  1867;  attended  the 
high  school  in  Brighton,  and  Pleasant  Plain  acad- 
emy of  Jefferson  county,  Iowa;  at  the  age  of  sixteen 
moved  to  the  then  Territory  of  Wyoming,  where 
he  remained  five  years,  then  to  Nebraska  and 
began  the  practice  of  law;  removed  to  the  state 
of  Washington  in  1891,  and  engaged  in  the  practive 
of  law;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Fifty-sixth, 
Fifty-seventh,  Fifty-eighth,  Fifty-ninth,  Sixtieth, 
and  Sixty-first  Congresses,  and  served  from  March 
4,  1899,  until  his  death  in  New  York  City,  July 
6,  1909. 

Cushman,  John  Paine,  a  Representative  from 
New  York;  born  in  Pomfret,  Conn.,  March  8,  1784; 
was  graduated  from  Yale  college  in  1807;  admitted 
to  the  bar  at  Troy,  N.  Y.,  and  began  practice; 
elected  to  the  Fifteenth  Congress  (March  4,  1817- 
March  3,  1819);  appointed  a  regent  of  the  state 
university  from  April  2,  1830,  until  he  resigned  in 
April,  1834;  circuit  judge,  1838-1844;  died  in  Troy, 
N.  Y.,  September  16,  1848. 

Cushman,  Joshua,  a  Representative  from 
Massachusetts  and  from  Maine;  born  in  Plymouth, 
Mass.,  in  1759;  entered  the  Revolutionary  Army 


586 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 


April  1,  1777,  and  served  until  March,  1780;  was 
graduated  from  Harvard  college  in  1787;  studied 
theology,  and  licensed  to  preach;  located  in 
Winslow,  Me.,  and  preached  there  for  nearly 
twenty  years,  first  as  pastor  of  a  Congregational 
and  then  of  a  Unitarian  church;  member  of  the 
state  house  of  representatives  in  1811-1812;  state 
senator  in  1809,  1810,  1819,  and  1820;  elected  a 
Representative  from  Massachusetts  to  the  Six- 
teenth Congress  (March  4,  1819-March  3,  1821); 
elected  a  Representative  from  Maine  to  the 
Seventeenth  and  Eighteenth  Congresses  (March 
4,  1821-March  3,  1825);  again  a  member  of  the 
state  legislature  in  1834;  died  in  Winslow,  Me., 
January  27,  1834;  interment  in  Augusta,  Me. 

Cushman,  Samuel,  a  Representative  from  New 
Hampshire;  born  in  Portsmouth,  N.  H.,  June  8, 
1783;  received  preparatory  training  in  the  public 
schools;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar  and 
began  practice  in  Portsmouth;  served  as  judge  of 
the  Portsmouth  police  court;  county  treasurer, 
1823-1828,  and  a  member  of  the  state  council, 
1833-1835;  nominated  by  President  Jackson  to  be 
United  States  attorney  for  the  district  of  New 
Hampshire,  but  was  not  confirmed  by  the  Senate; 
elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Twenty-fourth  and 
Twenty-fifth  Congresses  (March  4,  1835-March  3, 
1839);  United  States  Navy  officer  at  Portsmouth, 
1845-1849;  died  in  Portsmouth,  N.  H.,  May  20, 
1851. 

Cutcheon,  Byron  M.,  a  Representative  from 
Michigan;  born  in  Pembroke,  Merrimack  county, 
N.  H.,  May  11,  1836;  pursued  preparatory  stud- 
ies at  Pembroke  and  completed  them  in  Ypsi-. 
lanti,  Mich.,  where  he  moved  in  1855;  was  grad- 
uated from  the  University  of  Michigan  in  1861; 
became  principal  of  the  high  school  at  Ypsilanti 
in  1861;  served  in  the  Union  Army;  second  lieu- 
tenant twentieth  Michigan  infantry  July  15,  1862; 
captain  August  16,  1862;  major  October  14,  1862; 
lieutenant  colonel  November  19,  1863;  colonel 
January  8,  1864;  colonel  twenty -seventh  Michigan 
infantry  December  19,  1864;  brevet  colonel  of 
volunteers  August  18,  1864,  "for  gallant  services 
at  the  battles  of  the  Wilderness  and  Spottsylvania 
Court  House,  Va.";  awarded  medal  of  honor 
June  29,  1891,  "for  distinguished  gallantry  in 
leading  his  regiment  in  a  charge  on  a  house  occu- 
pied by  the  enemy  at  Horseshoe  Bend,  Ky., 
May  10,  1863;"  resigned  March  6,  1865;  studied 
law  in  Ypsilanti,  Mich.,  1865-1866;  was  graduated 
from  Michigan  University  law  school  1866,  ad- 
mitted to  the  •  bar,  and  commenced  practice  in 
Manistee,  Mich.,  in  1867;  member  of  the  board  of 
control  of  railroads  of  Michigan  1866-1883;  presi- 
dential elector  in  1868;  city  attorney  1870-1871; 
county  attorney,  1873-1874;  regent  of  the  Mich- 
igan University  1875-1883;  postmaster  of  Manistee 
City,  Mich.,  1877-1883;  elected  as  a  Republican  to 
the  Forty-eighth,  Forty-ninth,  Fiftieth,  and  Fifty- 
first  Congresses  (March  4,  1883-March  3,  1891); 
appointed  the  civilian  member  of  the  Board  of 
Ordnance  and  Fortification  by  President  Harrison 
in  July,  1891,  and  served  until  March  25,  1895; 
editorial  writer  on  the  Detroit  Daily  Tribune  and 
Detroit  Journal,  1895-1897;  resumed  the  practice 
of  law  in  Grand  Rapids,  Mich.;  died  in  Ypsilanti, 
Mich.,  April  12,  1908. 

Cuthbert,  Alfred,  a  Representative  and  a  Sena- 
tor from  Georgia;  born  in  Savannah,  Ga.,  in!780;  was 
graduated  from  Princeton  college  in  1803 ;  studied 
law,  and  afterwards  practiced  in  Monticello,  Jas- 


per county,  Ga. ;  member  of  the  state  legislature; 
elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Thirteenth  Congress, 
to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  the  resignation  of  William 
W.  Bibb;  reelected  to  the  Fourteenth  Congress, 
and  served  from  February  7,  1814,  to  1816,  when 
he  resigned;  elected  to  the  Seventeenth,  Eight- 
eenth, and  Nineteenth  Congresses  (March  4,  1821- 
March  3, 1827) ;  elected  a  United  States  Senator  from 
Georgia  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  the  resignation  of 
John  Forsyth,  and  was  reelected  for  a  full  term ; 
served  from  January  12,  1835,  to  March  3,  1843; 
died  near  Monticello,  Ga.,  July  9,  1856. 

Cuthbert,  John  Alfred,  a  Representative  from 
Georgia;  born  in  Savannah,  Ga.,  June  3,  1788; 
was  graduated  from  Princeton  college  in  1805; 
studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1809;  and 
commenced  practice  in  Eatonton;  elected  to  the 
state  legislature  and  served  many  years,  either  in 
the  senate  or  in  the  house;  commander  of  a  vol- 
unteer company  during  the  War  of  1812;  elected 
to  the  Sixteenth  Congress  (March  4,  1819-March 
3,  1821);  appointed  by  President  Monroe  a  com- 
missioner to  treat  with  the  Creek  and  Cherokee 
Indians  in  1822;  became  editor  and  subsequently 
proprietor  of  the  Federal  Union,  an  influential 
paper  published  at  Milledgeville,  Ga.,  1831-1837; 
moved  to  Mobile  in  1837,  and  practiced  his  pro- 
fession; elected  judge  of  the  county  court  of 
Mobile  in  1840,  and  appointed  by  the  governor 
judge  of  the  circuit  court  of  the  same  countv  in 
1852;  died  near  Mobile,  Ala.,  September  22,  1881. 

Cutler,  Augustus  William,  a  Representative 
from  New  Jersey;  born  in  Morristown,  N.  J.,  Octo- 
ber 22,  1827;  spent  the  early  part  of  his  life  on  a 
farm;  studied  law;  admitted  as  an  attorney  in 
1850  and  as  a  counselor  in  1853;  prosecutor  of  the 
pleas,  1856-1861;  became  president  of  the  board 
of  education  in  1870;  member  of  the  constitutional 
convention  of  New  Jersey  in  1873;  state  senator 
1871-1874;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Forty- 
fourth  and  Forty-fifth  Congresses  (March  4,  1875- 
March  3,  1879);  declined  a  reelection  to  the  Forty- 
sixth  Congress,  and  an  unsuccessful  candidate 
for  the  Forty-seventh  and  Fifty -fifth  Congresses; 
died  in  Morristown,.  N.  J.,  January  1,  1897. 

Cutler,  Manasseh,  a  Representative  from 
Massachusetts;  born  in  Killingly,  Conn.,  May  13, 
1742;  was  graduated  from  the  medical  department 
of  Yale  college  in  1765;  engaged  in  the  whaling 
business  at  Edgartown,  Marthas  Vineyard;  moved 
to  Dedham  in  1769;  studied  law,  admitted  to  the 
bar  in  1767,  but  did  not  practice;  studied  theology, 
and  in  1770  licensed  to  preach;  ordained  to  the 
ministry  by  the  Congressional  society  at  Hamlet, 
Ipswich,  Mass.,  September  11,  1771;  appointed 
chaplain  of  Col.  Francis's  regiment  September  5, 
1776;  one  of  the  projectors  of  the  Ohio  Company 
in  1787;  appointed  judge  of  the  United  States 
court  for  Ohio  in  1795  by  President  Washington, 
but  declined;  member  of  the  state  house  of  repre- 
sentatives in  1800;  elected  as  a  Federalist  to  the 
Seventh  and  Eighth  Congresses  (March  4,  1801- 
March  3,  1805);  died  in  Hamilton,  Mass.,  July  28, 
1823. 

Cutler,  William  Parker,  a  Representative  from 
Ohio;  born  in  Marietta,  Ohio,  July  12,  1812; 
attended  public  schools  and  Ohio  university; 
member  of  the  state  house  of  representatives, 
1844-1847;  served  as  speaker  during  the  last  term; 
member  of  the  state  constitutional  convention  in 
1850;  president  of  the  Marietta  &  Cincinnati  rail- 
road, 1850-1860;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the 


BIOGRAPHIES. 


587 


Thirty-seventh  Congress  (March  4,  1861-March  3, 
1863);  defeated  for  reelection;  died  in  Marietta, 
Ohio,  April  11,  1889. 

Cutting,  Francis  Brockholst,  a  Representa- 
tive from  New  York;  born  in  New  York  City, 
August  6,  1804;  studied  law  in  the  Litchfield 
(Conn.)  law  school,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and 
practiced  in  New  York  City;  an  alderman  in 
1843,  and  afterwards  city  recorder;  served  as  a 
member  of  the  state  house  of  representatives  in 
1836  and  1837;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the 
Thirty-third  Congress  (March  4,  1853-March  3, 
1855);  died  in  New  York  City,  June  26,  1870. 

Cutting,  John  Tyler,  a  Representative  from 
California;  born  in  Westpprt,  Essex  county,  N.  Y., 
September  7,  1844;  resided  in  Wisconsin  and 
Illinois  1855-1860,  and  attended  school  in  the 
latter  state;  enlisted  in  Taylor's  Chicago  battery 
at  the  breaking  out  of  the  Civil  War  and  served 
until  July  20,  1862;  discharged  for  disability,  the 
result  of  service  in  the  field;  reenlisted  January  4, 
1864,  in  the  Chicago  mercantile  battery,  in  which 
he  served  until  the  close  of  the  war;  moved  to 
California  in  1877  and  established  a  wholesale  fruit 
and  commission  business;  identified  himself  with 
state  and  national  politics;  elected  as  a  Republican 
to  the  Fifty-second  Congress  (March  4,  1891- 
March  3,  1893);  took  up  his  residence  in  New  York 
City  in  1894;  died  in  Toronto,  Ontario,  Novem- 
ber 24,  1911;  interment  in  Westport,  N.  Y. 

Cutts,  Charles,  a  Senator  from  New  Hamp- 
shire; born  in  Massachusetts  January  30,  1769; 
was  graduated  from  Harvard  college  in  1789; 
studied  law  and  admitted  to  the  bar;  member  of 
the  state  house  of  representatives  in  1804  and 
served  as  speaker;  elected  United  States  Senator 
from  New  Hampshire,  to  fill  the  vacancy  caused 
by  the  resignation  of  Nahum  Parker  and  served 
from  June  21,  1810,  to  March  3,  1813;  subsequently 
appointed  Senator  to  fill  a  vacancy  during  a  recess 
of  the  legislature,  and  served  from  April  2,  1813 
to  June  10,  1813,  when  his  successor  took  his  seat; 
chosen  Secretary  of  the  United  States  Senate; 
served  from  October  11,  1814,  to  December  12, 
1825;  died  in  Fairfax  county,  Va.,  January  25, 
1846. 

Cutts,  Marsena  Edgar,  a  Representative  from 
Iowa;  born  in  Orwell,  Addison  county,  Vt.,  May 
22,  1833;  received  an  academic  training;  moved  to 
Iowa  in  June,  1855;  prosecuting  attorney  of  Powe- 
shiek  county  from  August  25  to  January,  1859; 
member  of  the  state  house  of  representatives  at 
the  extra  session  in  May,  1861;  state  senator  from 
January,  1864,  until  he  resigned  in  August,  1866; 
member  of  the  state  house  of  representatives  from 
January,  1870,  until  January,  1872;  attorney-gen- 
eral of  the  state  from  February,  1872,  until  Jan- 
uary, 1877;  elected  to  the  Forty-seventh  Congress 
as  a  Republican;  his  seat  was  contested  by  John 
C.  Cook,  and  on  March  3,  1883  (the  closing  day  of 
the  Congress),  Mr.  Cook  was  declared  elected; 
elected  to  the  Forty-eighth  Congress,  but  died 
in  Oskaloosa,  Iowa,  September  1,  1883,  before  the 
assembling  of  the  Congress. 

Cutts,  Richard,  a  Representative  from  Massa- 
chusetts; born  on  Cutts  Island,  Saco,  Mass,  (now 
Maine),  June  28,  1771 ;  was  graduated  from  Harvard 
college  in  1790;  studied  law;  engaged  in  commercial 
pursuits;  member  of  the  state  house  of  representa- 
tives 1799  and  1800;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the 
Seventh,  Eighth,  Ninth,  Tenth,  Eleventh,  and 
Twelfth  Congresses  (March  4,  1801-March  3,  1813^ ; 


defeated  for  the  Thirteenth  Congress;  appointed 
superintendent  general  of  military  supplies  March 
4,  1813,  which  office  he  held  until  March  3,  1817, 
when  he  was  appointed  Second  Comptroller  of  the 
Treasury,  which  position  he  held  until  1829;  died 
in  Washington,  D.  C.,  April  7,  1845. 

Daggett,  David,  a  Senator  from  Connecticut; 
born  in  Attleboro,  Mass.,  December  31,  1764;  was 
graduated  from  Yale  college  in  1783;  studied  law, 
was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1788,  and  commenced 
practice  in  New  Haven;  mayor  of  the  city  in  1828, 
and  held  other  municipal  offices;  member  of  the 
state  legislature,  1791  to  1814;  presidential  elec- 
tor in  1805,  voting  for  Charles  C.  Pinckney,  in 
1809  voting  again  for  Charles  C.  Pinckney,  and 
in  1813  voting  for  De  Witt  Clinton;  elected  as  a 
Federalist  to  the  United  States  Senate  to  fill  va- 
cancy caused  by  the  resignation  of  Chauncey  Good- 
rich and  served  from  May  13, 1813,  to  March  3,  1819; 
judge  of  the  state  supreme  court  1826-1832;  chief 
judge  1832-1834,  when  he  reached  the  age  limit 
and  retired;  died  in  New  Haven,  Conn.,  April  12, 
1851. 

Daggett,  Rollin  M.,  a  Representative  from 
Nevada;  born  in  Richville,  N.  Y.,  in  1831;  his 
father  moved  to  northwestern  Ohio  in  1837;  at- 
tended school  in  Defiance,  where  he  learned  the 
printing  business;  crossed  the  plains  to  the  Pacific 
in  1849;  followed  mining  until  1852,  and  in  that 
year  started  the  "Golden  Era"  at  San  Francisco; 
with  others  established  the  San  Francisco 
'  'Mirror  "  in  1860;  united  it  with  the  San  Francisco 
'  'Herald  " ;  moved  to  Nevada  in  1862  and  settled  in 
Virginia  City;  elected  a  member  of  the  territorial 
'council  in  1863;  became  connected,  editorially,  in 
1864,  with  the  "Territorial  Enterprise";  Republi- 
can presidential  elector  in  1876,  and  messenger  to 
Washington;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Forty- 
sixth  Congress  (March  4,  1879-March  3,  1881). 

Dahle,  Herman  Bjorn,  a  Representative  from 
Wisconsin;  born  in  Perry,  Dane  county,  Wis., 
March  30,  1855;  attended  the  public  schools  and 
the  Wisconsin  state  university;  moved  to  Mount 
Vernon,  Wis.,  and  engaged  in  business;  moved  to 
Mount  Horeb  in  1887;  elected  as  a  Republican 
to  the  Fifty-sixth  and  Fifty-seventh  Congresses 
(March  4,  1899-March  3,  1903);  engaged  m  the 
mercantile  and  banking  business  in  Mount  Horeb, 
Wis. 

Daily,  Samuel  G.,  a  Delegate  from  Nebraska 
Territory;  born  in  Indiana  in  1819;  attended  the 
public  schools;  moved  to  Nebraska  Territory  and 
settled  in  Peru;  member  of  the  territorial  legisla- 
ture; elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Thirty-sixth, 
Thirty-seventh  and  Thirty-eighth  Congresses 
(March  4,  1859-March  3,  1865);  received  the  ap- 

Srintment  of  deputy  collector  of  customs  at  New 
rleans  at  the  special  request  of  President  Lin- 
coln in  March,  1865,  which  position  he  held  until 
his  death  in  New  Orleans,  La.,  September  15, 
1865. 

Dale,  Thomas  Henry,  a  Representative  from 
Pennsylvania;  born  in  Daleville,  Lackawanna 
county,  Pa.,  June  12,  1846;  attended  the  public 
schools  and  Wyoming  seminary,  Kingston,  Pa.; 
enlisted  in  the  Union  army  in  1863;  after  discharge 
from  service  became  a  coal  operator;  prothono- 
tary  of  Lacka wanna  county  nine  years;  delegate 
to  the  Republican  national  convention  of  1900; 
elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Fifty-ninth  Congress 
(March  4,  1905-March  3,  1907);  after  leaving  con- 
gress settled  in  Scranton,  Pa. 


588 


CONGRESSIONAL   DIRECTORY. 


Dallas,  George  Mifflin,  a  Senator  from  Penn- 
sylvania; born  in  Philadelphia,  Pa.,  July  10,  1792; 
was  graduated  from  Princeton  college  in  1810; 
studied  law  and  was  admitted  to  practice  in  1813; 
private  secretary  to  Albert  Gallatin,  minister  to 
Russia;  returned  in  1814  and  engaged  in  the  prac- 
tice of  law  in  New  York  City,  and  was  solicitor  of 
the  United  States  Bank;  returned  to  Philadel- 
phia and  was  appointed  deputy  attorney  general 
in  1817;  mayor  of  Philadelphia  in  1829;  United 
States  district  attorney  for  the  eastern  district  of 
Pennsylvania  1829-1831;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to 
the  United  States  Senate  to  fill  vacancy  caused 
by  the  resignation  of  Isaac  D.  Barnard,  and  served 
from  December  13,  1831,  to  March  3,  1833;  de- 
clined a  reelection  and  resumed  the  practice  of 
law;  attorney  general  of  the  state  1833-1835;  ap- 
pointed by  President  Van  Buren  minister  to  Rus- 
sia, served  from  March  7,  1837,  to  July  29,  1839, 
when  he  was  recalled  at  his  own  request;  elected 
Vice  President  of  the  United  States  on  the  Polk 
ticket  in  1844;  appointed  minister  to  Great  Britain 
by  President  Pierce,  served  from  February  4, 
1856,  to  May  16,  1861;  returned  to  Philadelphia, 
where  he  died  December  31,  1864. 

Dalton,  Tristram,  a  Senator  from  Massachu- 
setts; born  in  Newbury,  Mass.,  May  28,  1738;  at- 
tended Drummer  academy,  Byfield,  Mass.,  and  was 
graduated  from  Harvard  college  in  1755;  studied 
law;  admitted  to  practice  but  engaged  in  mercan- 
tile pursuits;  delegate  from  Massachusetts  in  the 
convention  of  committees  of  New  England  prov- 
inces which  first  met  in  Providence,  R.  I.,  De- 
cember 25,  1776;  member  of  the  state  house  of 
representatives,  and  served  as  speaker;  one  of  the 
first  United  States  Senators  from  Massachusetts; 
served  from  March  4,  1789,  to  March  3,  1791;  sur- 
veyor of  the  port  of  Boston  from  November  10, 
1814,  until  his  death  in  Boston,  Mass.,  May  30, 
1817. 

Daly,  William  Davis,  a  Representative  from 
New  Jersey;  born  in  Jersey  City,  N.  J.,  June  4, 1851; 
assistant  United  States  district  attorney  for  New 
Jersey  1885-1888;  alternate  delegate  to  the  Dem- 
ocratic national  convention  in  1888;  elected  to 
the  house  of  assembly  in  1889;  judge  of  the  district 
court  of  Hoboken;  resigned  in  1892;  elected  state 
83nator  in  1892  and  1895;  delegate  to  the  Demo- 
cratic national  conventions  of  1892  and  1896; 
chairman  of  the  state  Democratic  convention  in 
1896,  and  member  of  the  state  committee  1896- 
1898;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Fifty -sixth 
Congress  (March  4,  1899-March  3,  1901);  died  in 
Hoboken,  N.  J.,  July  31,  1900. 

Dalzell,  John,  a  Representative  from  Pennsyl- 
vania; born  in  New  York  City  April  19, 1845;  moved 
to  Pittsburgh  in  1847;  attended  the  common  schools, 
the  Western  university  of  Pennsylvania,  and  was 
graduated  from  Yale  college  in  1865;  studied  law; 
admitted  to  the  bar  in  February,  1867,  and  prac- 
ticed; elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Fiftieth 
and  to  the  eleven  succeeding  Congresses  (March  4, 
1887-March  3,  1911).  Reelected  to  the  Sixty-second 
Congress. 

Damrell,  William  Shapleigh,  a  Representa- 
tive from  Massachusetts;  born  in  Portsmouth, 
N.  H.,  November  29,  1809;  attended  the  public 
schools;  learned  the  art  of  printing  and  became 
the  proprietor  of  a  large  printing  establishment  in 
Boston;  elected  as  an  American  to  the  Thirty- 
fourth  and  as  a  Republican  to  the  Thirty-fifth 
Congress  (March  4.  1855-March  3,  1859);  partially 


paralyzed  before  the  expiration  of  his  term;  died 
in  Dedham,  Mass.,  May  17,  1860. 

Dana,  Amasa,  a  Representative  from  New 
York;  born  in  Ithaca,  N.  Y.,  October  19,  1792; 
studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  prac- 
ticed in  Ithaca;  appointed  district  attorney  of 
Tompkins  county  in  1823;  member  of  the  state 
house  of  representatives  1828-1829;  appointed 
county  judge  in  1837;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to 
the  Twenty-sixth  Congress  (March  4,  1839-March 
3,  1841);reelected  to  the  Twenty-eighth  Congress 
(March  4,  1843-March  3,  1845);  died  in  Ithaca 
N.  Y.,  December  24,  1867. 

Dana,  Francis,  a  Delegate  from  Massachusetts; 
born  in  Charlestown,  Mass.,  June  13,  1743;  was. 
graduated  from  Harvard  college  in  1762;  studied 
law,  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1767,  and  commenced 
practice  in  Boston;  Delegate  to  the  Provincial  Con- 
gress in  1774;  went  to  England  the  same  year,  and 
remained  there  two  years  endeavoring  to  adjust 
differences  between  the  mother  country  and  the 
American  colony;  state  councillor  1776-1780;  sat 
in  the  Continental  Congress  1776-1778  and  1784; 
secretary  of  legation  in  Paris  from  September  28,' 
1779,  until  December  19,  1780,  when  he  was  ap- 
pointed minister  to  Russia;  recommissioned  sec- 
retary of  legation  in  Paris  June  15,  1781;  again  a 
Delegate  in  Congress  in  1784;  judge  of  the  supreme 
court  of  Massachusetts  1785-1792;  member  of  the 
state  convention  which  adopted  the  Federal  Con- 
stitution in  1788;  appointed  chief  justice  of  Massa- 
chusetts in  November,  1791;  presidential  elector 
in  1789,  1793,  1801,  and  1809;  a  founder  of  the 
American  academy  of  arts  and  sciences;  died  in 
Cambridge,  Mass.,  April  25,  1811. 

Dana,  Judah,  a  Senator  from  Maine;  born  in 
Pomfret,  Conn.,  April  25,  1772;  was  graduated 
from  Dartmouth  college  in  1795;  studied  law,  was 
admitted  to  the  bar  in  1798,  and  practiced  in  Frye- 
burg,  Mass,  (afterwards  Maine);  county  attorney 
of  Oxford  county  1805-1811,  and  judge  of  pro- 
bate 1811-1822;  judge  of  the  court  of  common 
pleas  1811-1823;  was  also  a  circuit  judge;  delegate 
to  the  convention  which  framed  the  constitution 
of  Maine  in  1819;  member  of  the  executive  council 
in  1834;  appointed  as  a  Democrat  to  the  United 
States  Senate  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  the  resig- 
nation of  Ether  Shepley  and  served  from  Decem- 
ber 7,  1836,  to  February  22,  1837;  died  in  Frye- 
burg,  Me.,  December  27,  1845. 

Dana,  Samuel,  a  Representative  from  Massa- 
chusetts; born  in  Groton,  Mass.,  June  26,  1767; 
studied  law  and  practiced  in  Charlestown,  Mass.; 
held  several  local  offices;  elected  to  the  Thirteenth 
Congress  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  the  resignation 
of  William  M.  Richardson  and  served  from  Sep- 
tember 22,  1814,  to  March  3,  1815;  member  of  the 
state  senate  1802-1813  and  1825-1827,  and  its  presi- 
dent for  eight  years;  appointed  chief  justice  of  the 
court  of  common  pleas ;  delegate  to  the  state  con- 
vention in  1820;  died  in  Charlestown,  Mass.,  No- 
vember 20,  1825. 

Dana,  Samuel  Whittlesey,  a  Representative 
and  a  Senator  from  Connecticut;  born  in  Walling- 
ford,  Conn.,  February  13,  1760;  was  graduated 
from  Yale  college  in  1775;  admitted  to  the  bar  in 
1778,  and  practiced  in  Middletown;  elected  as  a 
Federalist  to  the  Fourth  Congress  to  fill  vacancy 
caused  by  resignation  of  Uriah  Tracy;  reelected  to 
the  Fifth,  Sixth,  Seventh,  Eighth,  Ninth,  and 
Tenth  Congresses  and  served  from  January  3,  1797, 


BIOGKAPHIES. 


589 


to  March  3,  1809;  reelected  to  the  Eleventh  Con- 
gress, but  before  taking  his  seat  was  elected  as  a 
Federalist  to  the  United  States  Senate  to  fill  vacancy 
caused  by  the  resignation  of  James  Hillhouse ;  re- 
elected  in  1815,  and  served  from  May  10,  1810,  to 
March  3,  1821;  afterwards  mayor  of  Middletown, 
Conn.,  where  he  died  July  21,  1830. 

Dane,  Joseph,  a  Representative  from  Maine; 
born  in  Beverly, "Essex  county,  Mass.,  October  25, 
1778;  attended  Phillips  Andover  academy,  and 
was  graduated  from  Harvard  college  in  1799; 
studied  law  and  admitted  to  the  bar  in  July,  1802; 
began  practice  in  Kennebunk,  Me. ;  delegate  to  the 
state  constitutional  conventions  of  1816  and  1819; 
elected  as  a  Federalist  to  the  Sixteenth  Congress, 
to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  the  resignation  of  John 
Holmes ;  reelected  to  the  Seventeenth  Congress,  and 
served  from  December  11,  1820,  to  March  3,  1823; 
member  of  the  state  house  of  representatives  1824, 
1825,  1832,  1833,  1839,  and  1840,  and  of  the  state 
senate  in  1829;  declined  to  serve  as  executive 
councillor  of  Maine  in  1841;  died  in  Kennebunk, 
Me.,  May  1,  1858. 

Dane,  Nathan,  a  Delegate  from  Massachusetts; 
born  in  Ipswich,  Mass.,  December  27,  1752;  was 
graduated  from  Harvard  college  in  1778;  taught 
school;  studied  law  and  admitted  to  the  bar;  began 
practicing  in  Beverly,  Mass.,  in  1782;  member  of 
the  state  house  of  representatives  1782-1785;  Dele- 
gate in  the  Continental  Congress  1785-1788;  mem- 
ber of  the  state  senate  1790-1791  and  1794-1797; 
judge  of  the  court  of  common  pleas  for  Essex  county 
in  1794,  for  a  short  period  of  time;  commissioner 
to  codify  the  laws  of  Massachusetts  in  1795;  a  presi- 
dential elector  in  1812;  was  selected  the  same  year 
to  make  a  new  publication  of  the  statutes;  mem- 
ber of  the  Hartford  convention  of  1814;  elected 
delegate  to  the  state  constitutional  convention  of 
1820,  but  did  not  serve  on  account  of  deafness; 
died  in  Beverly,  Mass.,  February  15,  1835. 

Danford,  Lorenzo,  a  Representative  from  Ohio; 
born  in  Belmont  county,  Ohio,  October  18,  1829; 
attended  common  schools  and  a  college  at  Waynes- 
burg,  Pa.,  two  years;  admitted  to  the  bar  at  St. 
Clairsville,  Ohio,  in  September,  1854;  prosecuting 
attorney  of  Belmont  county  from  1857  to  1861, 
when  he  resigned  and  went  into  the  Union  army, 
in  the  fifteenth  Ohio  volunteer  infantry;  served 
as  private,  lieutenant,  and  captain  until  August, 
1864;  Republican  member  of  the  electoral  college 
of  Ohio  in  1864  and  in  1892;  elected  to  the  Forty- 
third,  Forty-fourth,  Forty-fifth  Congresses;  was  re- 
turned to  the  Fifty-fourth,  Fifty-fifth  and  Fifty- 
sixth  Congresses,  and  served  from  March  4,  1873, 
to  March  3,  1879,  and  from  March  4,  1895,  until 
his  death,  in  St.  Clairsville,  Ohio,  June  19,  1899. 

Daniel,  Henry,  a  Representative  from  Ken- 
tucky; born  in  Louisa  county,  Va.,  March  15,  1786; 
attended  the  public  schools;  moved  to  Kentucky, 
where  he  studied  law  and  afterwards  practiced  in 
Mount  Sterling;  member  of  the  state  house  of  rep- 
resentatives in  1812;  served  in  the  war  against 
Great  Britain  as  captain  of  the  eighth  United 
States  infantry  1813-1815;  again  a  member  of  the 
state  house  of  representatives  in  1819  and  1826; 
elected  as  a  Jackson  Democrat  to  the  Twentieth, 
Twenty-first,  and  Twenty-second  Congresses 
(March  4,  1827-March  3,  1833);  died  in  Mount 
Sterling,  Ky.,  October  5,  1873. 

Daniel,  John  Reeves  Jones,  a  Representative 
from  North  Carolina;  born  in  Halifax  county,  N.  C. ; 


in  1802  was  graduated  from  the  University  of  North 
Carolina  in  1821;  studied  law  and  afterwards  prac- 
ticed; member  of  the  house  of  commons  of  North 
Carolina  1832-1834;  elected  attorney  general  in 
1834;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Twenty-seventh, 
Twenty-eighth,  Twenty -ninth,  Thirtieth,  Thirty- 
first,  and  Thirty -second  Congresses  (March  4, 1841- 
March  3,  1853);  after  his  retirement  from  Congress 
moved  to  Louisiana,  where  he  died  in  1865. 

Daniel,  John  Warwick,  a  Representative  and 
a  Senator  from  Virginia;  born  in  Lynchburg,  Va., 
September  5,  1842;  attended  the  private  schools, 
Lynchburg  college,  and  Dr.  Gessner  Harrison's 
university  school;  entered  Confederate  army  in 
May,  1861,  as  second  lieutenant  in  the  provisional 
army  of  Virginia  and  drillmaster  in  twenty-seventh 
Virginia  infantry,  "Stonewall  brigade";  became 
second  lieutenant  company  A,  eleventh  Virginia 
infantry,  also  first  lieutenant  and  adjutant  of  same 
regiment;  wounded  in  first  battle  of  Manassas  and 
at  Boonsboro,  Md.;  raised  a  company  of  cavalry 
and  elected  captain  in  1862,  but  conscription  act  of 
Confederate  congress  remanded  officers  and  men 
to  their  old  regiments;  major  and  chief  of  staff  of 
Gen.  Jubal  A.  Early  until  crippled  in  the  Wilder- 
ness, May  6,  1864;  studied  law  at  the  University  of 
Virginia  1865-66,  and  practiced;  published  his 
legal  work  on  "Attachments  "  in  1869  and  '  'Negotia- 
ble Instruments"  in  1876;  member  of  the  state 
house  of  delegates  1869  to  1872;  member  of  state 
senate  from  1875  to  1881;  Democratic  elector  in 
1876,  and  delegate  at  large  to  national  Democratic 
conventions  of  1880,  1888,  1892,  1896,  and  1900; 
elected  to  the  Forty-ninth  Congress  (March  4,  1885- 
March  3, 1887);  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  United 
States  Senate,  and  took  his  seat  March  4,  1887; 
reelected  in  1891,  1897,  1903,  and  1909,  and  served 
until  his  death  in  Lynchburg,  Va.,  June  29,  1910. 

Daniell,  Warren  Fisher,  a  Representative 
from  New  Hampshire;  born  in  Newton  Lower 
Falls,  Mass.,  June  26,  1826;  moved  to  Franklin, 
N.  H.,  with  his  parents  in  1834;  attended  the 
common  schools;  member  of  the  state  house  of 
representatives  six  years,  and  of  the  state  senate 
two  years;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Fifty- 
second  Congress  (March  4,  1891-March  3,  1893); 
after  leaving  Congress  settled  in  Franklin,  N.  H. 

Daniels,  Charles,  a  Representative  from  New 
York;  born  in  New  York  City  March  12,  1826; 
at  an  early  age  he  was  taken  to  Toledo,  Ohio, 
and  learned  his  father's  trade  of  shoemaker; 
moved  to  Buffalo,  N.  Y.,  in  1842,  where  he  read 
law  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1847;  practiced 
in  Buffalo;  elected  to  the  supreme  court  in  1863; 
appointed  by  Gov.  Seymour  to  hold  the  office 
of  justice  of  that  court  until  January  1,  1864, 
when  the  term  to  which  he  had  been  elected 
commenced;  twice  reelected  and  held  the  office 
until  December,  1891,  when  he  reached  the  age 
limit  and  was  retired;  elected  as  a  Republican  to 
the  Fifty-third  and  Fifty-fourth  Congresses  (March 
4,  1893-March  3,  1897)";  died  in  Buffalo,  N.  Y., 
December  20,  1897. 

Daniels,  Milton  J.,  a  Representative  from  Cali- 
fornia; born  in  Cobleskill,  Schoharie  countv,  N.  Y., 
April  18,  1838;  when  a  boy  moved  to  Bradford 
county,  Pa.,  and  engaged  with  his  father  in  the 
lumber  business;  in  1856  moved  to  Rochester, 
Minn.;  appointed  deputy  postmaster  of  Rochester 
in  1859;  entered  Middlebury  academy,  Wyoming 
county,  N.  Y.,  in  1860;  left 'the  academy  and  vol- 
unteered April  23,  1861;  returned  to  Minnesota 


590 


CONGRESSIONAL   DIKECTORY. 


and  raised  a  company  in  August,  1862,  and  was 
commissioned  second  lieutenant  of  company  F, 
ninth  regiment  Minnesota  volunteers;  took  com- 
mand of  third  Minnesota  mounted  infantry  in  the 
Indian  war  of  1862;  joined  his  company  at  St.  Loxiis 
in  1863,  and  commissioned  captain;  in  March,  1865, 
commissioned  captain  and  commissary  of  subsis- 
tence by  President  Lincoln  and  assigned  to  duty 
by  Gen.  Canby  at  Baton  Rouge,  La.;  commis- 
sioned major  by  brevet  by  President  Johnson  in 
1865;  mustered  out  and  returned  home  in  January, 
1866;  elected  to  the  Minnesota  legislature  in  1882 
and  served  eight  years,  four  in  the  house  and  four 
in  the  senate;  president  of  Minnesota  state  board 
of  asylums  for  the  insane  six  years;  removed  to 
California  in  1889  and  located  in  Riverside; 
elected  to  the  Fifty-eighth  Congress  (March  4, 1903- 
March  3, 1905);  after  leaving  Congress  resumed  his 
occupation  as  horticulturist  in  Riverside,  Cal. 

Banner,  Joel  B.,  a  Representative  from  Penn- 
sylvania; was  elected  as  a  Whig  to  the  Thirty-first 
Congress  to  fill  the  vacancy  caused  by  the  death 
of  Henry  Nes,  and  served  from  December  2,  1850, 
to  March  33  1851. 

Darby,  Ezra,  a  Representative  from  New 
Jersey;  born  in  that  state  in  1769;  elected  to  the 
Ninth  and  Tenth  Congresses,  and  served  from 
March  4,  1805,  until  his  death  in  Washington,  D.  C., 
January  28,  1808. 

Darby,  John  Fletcher,  a  Representative  from 
Missouri;  born  in  Person  county,  N.  C.,  December 
10,  1803;  attended  the  public  schools;  moved  with 
his  father  to  Missouri  in  1818,  where  he  worked 
on  a  farm;  went  to  Frankfort,  Ky.,  in  1825,  where 
he  studied  law,  and  afterwards  practiced  in  St. 
Louis,  Mo.;  member  of  the  state  senate;  mayor 
of  St.  Louis  four  terms;  elected  as  a  Whig  to  the 
Thirty-second  Congress  (March  4,  1851-March  3, 
1853). 

Dargan,  Edmund  Spann,  a  Representative 
from  Alabama;  born  in  Montgomery  county,  N.  C., 
April  15,  1805;  pursued  preparatory  studies  at 
home;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in 
Wadesboro  in  1829;  moved  to  Washington,  Ala., 
where  he  practiced  law  and  was  for  several  years 
a  justice  of  the  peace;  moved  to  Montgomery  in 
1833,  and  to  Mobile  in  1841 ;  judge  of  the  circuit 
court,  Mobile  district;  resigned  in  1842;  state  sen- 
ator in  1844;  also  elected  mayor  in  1844;  elected 
as  a  Democrat  to  the  Twenty-ninth  Congress 
(March  4,  1845-March  3,  1847);  judge  of  the  su- 
preme court  in  1847,  and  in  1849  became  chief 
justice;  resigned  in  December,  1852,  and  resumed 
the  practice  of  law;  delegate  to  the  state  conven- 
tion in  1861  and  voted  for  the  ordinance  of  seces- 
sion; member  of  the  first  Confederate  house  of 
representatives;  resumed  practice  in  Mobile,  Ala., 
where  he  died  November  22,  1879. 

Dargan,  George  Washington,  a  Representa- 
tive from  South  Carolina;  born  in  Darlington  dis- 
trict, S.  C.,  May  11,  1841;  attended  academies  of 
his  native  county  and  the  state  military  academy; 
served  in  the  Confederate  army  throughout  the 
war;  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1872,  and  practiced  in 
Darlington,  S.  C.;  elected  to  the  state  legislature 
in  1877;  solicitor  of  the  fourth  judicial  circuit  of 
South  Carolina  in  1880;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to 
the  Forty-eighth,  Forty-ninth,  Fiftieth,  and  Fifty- 
first  Congresses  (March  4,  1883-March  3,  1891); 
died  June  29,  1898,  in  Darlington,  S.  C. 


Darling,  Mason  C.,  a  Representative  from 
Wisconsin;  born  in  Bellingham,  Mas?.,  May  18, 
1801;  attended  the  public  schools;  taught  school 
in  the  state  of  New  York;  studied  medicine,  was 
graduated  from  the  Berkshire  medical  college 
in  1824,  and  afterwards  practiced  for  thirteen 
years;  moved  to  Wisconsin  in  1837  and  was  one  of 
the  original  settlers  at  Fond  du  Lac;  was  the  first 
mayor;  member  of  the  territorial  legislature  for 
several  years;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Thir- 
tieth Congress  and  served  from  June  9,  1848,  to 
March  3,  1849. 

Darling,  William  Augustus,  a  Representative 
from  New  York;  born  in  Newark,  N.  J.,  December 
27,  1817;  attended  the  public  schools;  moved  to 
New  York,  where  he  was  first  a  clerk  and  after- 
wards a  merchant;  deputy  receiver  of  taxes  for  the 
city  of  New  York  1847-1854;  presidential  elector 
on  the  Lincoln  ticket  in  I860;  elected  as  a  Repub- 
lican to  the  Thirty-ninth  Congress  (March  4,  1865- 
March  3,  1867);  defeated  for  the  Fortieth  Congress; 
was  collector  of  internal  revenue  for  the  ninth 
district,  and  appointed  appraiser  of  the  port;  died 
in  New  York  City,  May  28,  1895. 

Darlington,  Edward,  a  Representative  from 
Pennsylvania;  born  in  Chester  county,  Pa.,  Sep- 
tember 17,  1795;  was  graduated  from  West  Chester 
academy  and  taught  school,  1817-1820;  studied 
law,  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  practiced  in  Chester, 
Pa.;  elected  as  a  Whig  to  the  Twenty-third  and 
Twenty-fourth  Congresses,  and  as  an  anti-Mason 
to  the  Twenty-fifth  Congress  (March  4,  1833- 
March  3,  1839);  moved  to  Media,  Pa.,  in  1850,  and 
died  there  November  21,  1884. 

Darlington,  Isaac,  a,  Representative  from 
Pennsylvania;  born  in  Westtown,  Chester  county. 
Pa.,  December  13,  1781;  pursued  elementary 
studies  at  home;  studied  law  and  afterwards  prac- 
ticed in  Westtown;  member  of  the  state  house  of 
representatives  in  1807;  lieutenant  of  Pennsyl- 
vania volunteers  in  the  war  of  1812;  elected  to  the 
Fifteenth  Congress  (March  4,  1817-March  3,  1819): 
appointed  deputy  attorney  general  for  Chester 
county  in  1820;  president-judge  of  the  Chester 
county  court  in  1821,  which  position  he  held  until 
his  death,  in  Westtown,  April  27,  1839. 

Darlington,  Smedley,  a  Representative  from 
Pennsylvania;  was  born  in  Pocopson  township, 
Chester  county,  Pa.,  December  24,  1827;  attended 
the  common  schools  and  the  Friends  central  school, 
Philadelphia;  teacher  in  the  latter  school  for  several 
years;  while  preaching  he  made  stenographic  re- 
ports of  sermons,  lectures,  and  speeches  for  the 
morning  dailies  of  Philadelphia;  established  a 
school  for  boys  in  Ercildoun  in  1851,  which  he 
conducted  for  three  years;  changed  the  school  for 
girls  and  presided  over  it  for  nine  years;  removed 
to  West  Chester  in  1864;  elected  as  a  Republican 
to  the  Fiftieth  and  Fifty-first  Congresses  (March  4, 
1887-March  3,  1891);  died  in  West  Chester,  Pa., 
June  24,  1899. 

Darlington,  William,  a  Representative  from 
Pennsylvania ;  born  in  Birmingham ,  Chester  coun- 
ty, Pa.,  April  28,  1782;  spent  his  early  life  on  a 
farm;  became  a  botanist  at  an  early  age;  studied 
medicine,  and  in  1824  was  graduated  from  the 
medical  department  of  the  University  of  Pennsyl- 
vania; went  to  the  East  Indies  as  ship's  surgeon  in 
1806;  returned  to  West  Chester  in  1807  and  was  a 
practicing  physician  there  for  a  number  of  year?; 
raised  a  company  of  volunteers  at  the  beginning  of 


BIOGRAPHIES. 


591 


the  war  of  1812,  and  was  major  of  a  volunteer  regi- 
ment raised  after  the  burning  of  the  Capitol  in 
Washington;  elected  to  the  Fourteenth  Congress 
(March  4,  1815-March  3,  1817);  reelected  to  the 
Sixteenth  and  Seventeenth  Congresses  (March  4, 
1819-March  3, 1823) ;  appointed  canal  commissioner 
in  1825;  established  a  natural  history  society  in 
West  Chester  in  1826;  became  noted  as  a  botanist 
and  was  made  a  corresponding  member  of  some 
forty  literary  and  scientific  societies  in  Europe  and 
America;  published  several  works  on  botany  and 
natural  history;  died  in  West  Chester,  Pa.,  April 
23,  1863. 

Darragh,  Archibald  Bard,  a  Representative 
from  Michigan;  born  in  Monroe  county,  Mich.,  De- 
cember 23,  1840;  received  a  common  school  and 
collegiate  training,  and  was  graduated  from  the 
University  of  Michigan  in  1868;  served  in  the  Union 
army  during  the  Civil  War  as  a  private  and  officer 
until  discharged  in  1865;  engaged  in  the  business 
of  banking  in  St.  Louis,  Mich.;  elected  treasurer  of 
Gratiot -county  in  1872;  member  of  the  state  legis- 
lature in  1882;  member  of  board  of  control  of  the 
state  asylum;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Fifty- 
seventh,  Fifty-eighth,  Fifty-ninth,  and  Sixtieth 
Congresses  (March  4, 1901- March  3, 1909) ;  reengaged 
in  banking  in  St.  Louis,  Mich. 

Darragh,  Cornelius,  a  Representative  from 
Pennsylvania;  born  in  Pittsburgh,  Pa.,  in  1809; 
attended  the  Western  University  of  Pennsylvania ; 
studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1830,  and 
practiced  in  Pittsburgh;  state  senator  in  1832,  and 
reelected  several  times;  United  States  district  at- 
torney for  the  western  district  of  Pennsylvania; 
elected  as  a  Whig  to  the  Twenty-eighth  Congress, 
to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  the  resignation  of  William 
Wilkins;  reelected  to  the  Twenty-ninth  Congress, 
and  served  from  March  26,  1844,  "to  March  3,  1847; 
attorney  general  of  Pennsylvania  from  January  4, 
1849,  to  April  28,  1851;  died  in  Pittsburgh,  Pa., 
January  20,  1855. 

Darrall,  Chester  Bidwell,  a  Representative 
from  Louisiana;  born  in  Somerset  county,  Pa., 
June  24,  1842;  attended  the  common  schools; 
studied  medicine  and  was  graduated  from  the 
Albany  medical  college;  entered  the  Union  arrny 
as  assistant  surgeon  of  the  eighty -sixth  New  York 
volunteers;  promoted  to  be  surgeon;  resigned  from 
the  army  while  on  duty  in  Louisiana  in  1867  and 
engaged  in  business  and  planting  in  Brashear,  La., 
delegate  to  the  national  Republican  convention  at 
Philadelphia,  in  1872,  and  to  the  Cincinnati  con- 
vention in  1876;  elected  to  the  state  senate  of 
Louisiana  in  1868;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the 
Forty-first,  Forty-second,  Forty-third,  Forty- 
fourth,  and  Forty-fifth  Congresses  (March  4,  1869- 
March  3,  1879);  moved  to  Morgan  City,  La.,  and 
was  elected  to  the  Forty-seventh  Congress  (March 
4,  1881-March  3,  1883);  after  leaving  Congress 
served  as  register  of  United  States  land  office,  New 
Orleans,  La.,  and  engaged  in  sugar  planting;  died 
in' Washington,  D.  C.,  January  1,  1908. 

Davee,  Thomas,  a  Representative  from  Maine; 
born  in  Plymouth,  Mass.,  December  9,  1797;  at- 
tended the  public  schools;  moved  to  Maine,  where 
he  engaged  in  business;  member  of  the  state  house 
of  representatives  in  1826-27;  the  state  senate  1830- 
1832;  speaker  of  the  house  of  representatives  in 
1835;  high  sheriff  of  Somerset  county  in  1835;  post- 
master of  Blanchard;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the 
Twenty-fifth  and  Twenty-sixth  Congresses  (March 
4,  1837-March  3,  1841);  member  of  Maine  senate  in 


1841-1842;  died  in  Blanchard,  Me.,  December  9, 
1841. 

Davenport,  Franklin,  a  Senator  and  a  Repre- 
sentative from  New  Jersey;  born  in  Philadelphia, 
Pa.,  in  September,  1755;  completed  preparatory 
studies;  studied  law,  admitted  to  the  bar,  and 
practiced  in  Woodbury,  N.  J.;  served  in  the  war  of 
the  Revolution  as  captain  of  artillery  in  Col.  New- 
comb's  New  Jersey  brigade,  and  also  under  Col. 
Samuel  Smith  in  FortMifflin;  was  a  colonel  in  the 
New  Jersey  line  during  the  whisky  insurrection  of 
1794,  and  marched  with  the  troops  to  Pittsburgh, 
Pa. ;  appointed  first  surrogate  of  Gloucester  county; 
appointed  to  theUnited  States  Senate  to  fill  vacancy 
caused  by  resignation  of  John  Rutherfurd,  and 
served  from  December  5, 1798,  to  February  14, 1799; 
elected  a  Representative  to  the  Sixth  Congress 
(March  4,  1799-March  3,  1801);  died  in  Woodbury, 
N.  J.,  July  27,  1832. 

Davenport,  Ira,  a  Representative  from  New 
York;  born  in  Hornellsville,  N.  Y.,  June  28,  1841; 
attended  school  in  Bath,  N.  Y.,  and  Russell's 
school,  New  Haven,  Conn.;  elected  to  the  state 
senate  1878-1879  and  1880-1881;  elected  comptroller 
of  the  state  of  New  York  in  1881,  serving  two  years; 
defeated  as  the  Republican  candidate  for  governor 
of  New  York  in  1885;  elected  as  a  Republican  to 
the  Forty-ninth  and  Fiftieth  Congresses  (March  4, 
1885-March  3,  1889);  died  in  Bath,  N.  Y.,  October 
6,  1904. 

Davenport,  James,  a  Representative  from  Con- 
necticut; born  in  Stamford,  Conn.,  October  12, 
1758;  was  graduated  from  Yale  college  in  1777; 
served  in  the  commissary  department  in  the  war 
of  the  Revolution;  judge  of  the  court  of  common 
pleas ;  elected  to  the  Fourth  Congress  to  fill  vacancy 
caused  by  the  resignation  of  James  Hillhouse; 
elected  Senator;  reelected  to  the  Fifth  Congress 
and  served  from  December  5,  1796,  to  August  3, 
1797,  when  he  died  in  Stamford,  Conn. 

Davenport,  James  Sandford,  a  Representa- 
tive from  Oklahoma;  born  near  Gaylesville,  Chero- 
kee county,  Ala.,  September  21,  1864;  moved  with 
his  father  s  family  to  Conway,  Faulkner  county, 
Ark.,  where  he  attended  the  public  schools  and  the 
academy  at  Greenbrier,  Ark. ;  read  law  and  was  ad- 
mitted to  the  bar  of  Faulkner  county,  February  14, 
1890;  in  October  of  that  year  moved  to  Muskogee, 
Ind.  T.,  and  in  1893  removed  to  Vinita,  and 
practiced  law;  served  two  terms  in  the  lower 
house  of  the  Cherokee  legislature,  from  1897  to 
1901;  was  speaker  the  latter  term;  in  November, 
1899,  was  selected  one  of  the  attorneys  for  the 
Cherokee  nation  and  held  that  position  until 
March  4, 1907;  was  twice  elected  mayor  of  Vinita — 
1903-1904;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Sixtieth 
Congress  (March  4,  1907-March  3, 1909).  Reelected 
to  the  Sixty-second  Congress. 

Davenport,  John,  jr.,  a  Representative  from 
Connecticut;  born  in  Stamford,  Conn.,  January  16, 
1752;  was  graduated  from  Yale  college  in  1770; 
tutor  there  in  1773-74;  studied  law,  admitted  to 
the  bar,  and  afterwards  practiced  in  Stamford, 
Conn.;  served  in  the  commissary  department  in 
the  war  of  the  Revolution,  and  attained  the  rank 
of  major;  elected  as  a  Federalist  to  the  Sixth  and 
to  the  eight  succeeding  Congresses  (March  4,  1799- 
March  3,  1817);  died  in  Stamford,  Conn.,  Novem- 
ber 28,  1830. 

Davenport,  John,  a  Representative  from  Ohio; 
born  in  Jefferson  county,  Va.,  January  9,  1788; 


592 


CONGRESSIONAL   DIEECTOBY. 


was  engaged  in  mercantile  pursuits;  member  of 
the  state  house  of  representatives  and  of  the  state 
senate  for  several  years;  elected  to  the  general  as- 
sembly of  Ohio  in  1820  and  1829,  elected  as  an 
Adams  man  to  the  Twentieth  Congress  (March  4, 
1827-March  3,  1829);  defeated  for  the  Twenty-first 
Congress;  twice  elected  by  the  legislature  judge  of 
the  Monroe  judicial  circuit;  died  in  Woodsfield, 
Ohio,  July  18,  1855. 

Davenport,  Samuel  Arza,  a  Representative 
from  Pennsylvania;  born  January  15,  1834,  near 
Watkins,  Schuyler  county,  N.  Y.;  moved  to  Erie, 
Erie  county,  Pa.,  in  1839;  attended  the  Erie 
academy;  read  law  and  was  graduated  from  the 
Harvard  law  school  in  1855;  elected  district  at- 
torney for  the  county  of  Erie  in  1860;  delegate  to 
the  Republican  national  convention  at  Chicago  in 
1888,  and  at  Minneapolis  in  1892;  elected  as  a  Re- 
publican to  the  Fifty-fifth  and  Fifty-sixth  Con- 
gresses (March  4,  1897-March  3, 1901);  died  in  Erie, 
Pa.,  August  1,  1911. 

Davenport,  Stanley  Woodward,  a  Repre- 
sentative from  Pennsylvania;  born  in  Plymouth, 
Luzerne  county,  Pa.,  July  21,  1861;  attended  the 
public  schools  and  Wyoming  seminary ;  was  gradu- 
ated from  the  Wesleyan  university,  Middletown, 
Conn.,  in  1884;  read  law,  an'd  admitted  to  the  bar  in 
June,  1890;  appointed  a  director  of  the  poor  of  the 
central  district  of  Luzerne  county  in  1893;  secre- 
tary and  treasurer  of  the  poor  district;  register  of 
wills  of  Luzerne  county  in  1898;  elected  as  a  Demo- 
crat to  the  Fifty-sixth  Congress  (March  4,  1899- 
March  3,  1901);  after  his  retirement  from  Congress 
resumed  the  practice  of  law  in  Plymouth,  Pa. 
• 

Davenport,  Thomas,  a  Representative  from 
Virginia;  born  in  Cumberland  county,  Va.;  com- 
pleted preparatory  studies;  studied  law,  admitted 
to  the  bar,  and  practiced  in  Meadsville,  Va. ;  elected 
as  a  Federalist  to  the  Nineteenth,  Twentieth, 
Twenty-first,  Twenty-second,  and  Twenty-third 
Congresses  (March  4, 1825-March  3,  1835);  defeated 
for  the  Twenty-fourth  Congress;  died  near  Meads- 
ville, Va.,  November  18,  1838. 

Davey,  Robert  Charles,  a  Representative  from 
Louisiana;  born  in  New  Orleans,  La.,  October  22, 
1853;  attended  the  public  schools  and  was  gradu- 
ated from  St.  Vincent's  college,  Cape  Girardeau, 
Mo.,  in  1871;  elected  a  member  of  the  state  senate 
in  1879-1888,  1892;  president  pro  tempore  of  the 
senate  during  the  sessions  of  1884-1886;  elected 
judge  of  the  first  recorder's  court  November,  1880- 
1882,  and  April,  1884,  and  served  until  May,  1888; 
defeated  for  mayor  of  New  Orleans  in  April,  1888; 
elected  to  the  Fifty-third  Congress  (March  4,  1893- 
March  3,  1895);  declined  renomination  for  the 
Fifty-fourth  Congress;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the 
Fifty-fifth,  and  to  the  six  succeeding  Congresses; 
served  from  March  4,  1897,  to  the  date  of  his  death, 
in  New  Orleans,  La.,  December  26,  1908. 

Davidson,  Alexander  Caldwell,  a  Representa- 
tive from  Alabama;  born  in  Mecklenburg  county, 
N.  C.,  December  26,  1826;  attended  the  public 
schools  of  Marengo  county,  Ala.,  and  was  graduated 
from  the  University  of  Alabama  July  11,  1848; 
studied  law,  but  never  practiced;  cotton  planter; 
member  of  the  state  house  of  representatives  1880- 
1881,  and  of  the  state  senate  1882,  1883,  1884,  and 
1885;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Forty-ninth  and 
Fiftieth  Congresses  (March  4,  1885-March  3,  1889); 
died  in  Westwood,  Uniontown,  Ala.,  November  6, 
1897. 


Davidson,  James  Henry,  a  Representative 
from  Wisconsin;  born  June  18, 1858,  in  Colchester, 
Delaware  county,  N.  Y.;  attended  the  public 
schools  and  Walton  (N.  Y.)  academy;  taught  school 
in  Delaware  and  Sullivan  counties,  N.  Y.,  and 
Princeton,  Green  Lake  county,  Wis.;  was  gradu- 
ated from  the  Albany  law  school  in  1884;  moved  to 
Green  Lake  county,  Wis.,  and  commenced  practice 
in  Princeton  in  1887;  elected  district  attorney  of 
Green  Lake  county  in  1888;  chairman  of  the  Re- 
publican Congressional  committee  for  the  Sixth 
district  of  Wisconsin  in  1890;  moved  to  Oshkosh, 
Wis.,  January  1,  1892,  and  became  member  of  a 
law  firm  and  later  practiced  alone;  appointed  city 
attorney  in  May,  1895,  for  two  years;  elected  as  a 
Republican  to  the  Fifty -fifth  and  to  the  six  suc- 
ceeding Congresses  (March  4,  1897-March  3,  1911). 
Reelected  to  the  Sixty-second  Congress. 

Davidson,  Robert  H.  M.,  a  Representative 
from  Florida;  born  in  Gadsden  county,  Fla.,  Sep- 
tember 23,  1832;  attended  the  academy  in  Quincy; 
studied  law  at  the  University  of  Virginia;  was  ad- 
mitted to  the  bar  and  practiced  in  Quincy,  Fla. ; 
member  of  the  state  house  of  representatives  in 
1856-1859;  elected  to  the  state  senate  in  1860;  re- 
tired from  the  state  senate  in  1862,  and  entered 
the  Confederate  army  as  captain  of  infantry,  and 
attained  the  rank  of  lieutenant  colonel;  member 
of  the  state  constitutional  convention  in  1865; 
elector  on  the  Greeley  and  Brown  ticket  in  1872; 
elected  as  a  Conservative  Democrat  to  the  Forty- 
fifth  and  to  the  six  succeeding  Congresses  (March 
4,  1877-March  3,  1891). 

Davidson,  Thomas  G.,  a  Representative  from 
Louisiana;  born  in  Jefferson  county,  Miss.,  August 
6,  1805;  completed  the  preparatory  course  of  study; 
studied  law,  and  commenced  practice  in  Greens- 
burg,  La.;  register  of  the  United  States  land  office; 
member  of  the  state  house  of  representatives  1833- 
1846;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Thirty-fourth, 
Thirtv-fifth,  and  Thirty-sixth  Congresses  (March  4, 
1855-March  3,  1861);  after  the  Civil  War  he  served 
again  in  the  state  legislature;  died  in  Livingston 
Parish,  La.,  September  11,  1883. 

Davidson,  William,  a  Representative  from 
North  Carolina;  was  born  in  Mecklenburg  county, 
N.  C.,  September  12,  1778;  completed  prepara- 
tory studies;  an  extensive  planter;  member  of 
the  state  senate  1813,  1815-1819,  1825,  and  1827- 
1830;  elected  as  a  Federalist  to  the  Fifteenth 
Congress  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  the  resigna- 
tion of  Daniel  M.  Forney;  reelected  to  the  Six- 
teenth Congress,  and  served  from  December  2, 
1818,  to  March  3, 1821;  defeated  for  the  Seventeenth 
Congress;  died  in  Charlotte,  N.  C.,  September  16, 
1857. 

Davies,  Edward,  a  Representative  from  Penn- 
sylvania; born  in  that  state;  elected  as  a  Whig  to 
the  Twenty-fifth  and  Twenty -sixth  Ccngresses 
(March  4,  1837-March  3,  1841). 

Davis,  Alexander  M.,  a  Representative  from 
Virginia;  a  resident  of  Independence,  Va.;  pre- 
sented credentials  as  a  Member-elect  to  the  Forty- 
third  Congress,  and  served  from  March  4,  1873,  to 
March  5,  1874,  when  he  was  unseated  in  a  contest 
with  Christopher  Y.  Thomas. 

Davis,  Amos,  a  Representative  from  Kentucky; 
born  in  Mount  Sterling  Ky.,  August  15,  1794;  com- 
pleted preparatory  studies;  studied  law,  ad- 
mitted to  the  bar,  and  practiced  in  Mount 


BIOGRAPHIES. 


593 


Sterling;  member  of  the  state  house  of  representa- 
tives 1819,  1825,  1827,  and  1828;  elected  ag  a  Whig 
to  the  Twenty-third  Congress  (March  4,  1833- 
March  3,  1835) ;  candidate  for  reelection,  and  while 
speaking  in  Owingsville,  Ky.,  was  taken  ill  and 
died  in  a  few  hours,  June  11,  1835. 

Davis,  Charles  Russell,  a  Representative  from 
Minnesota;  born  in  Pittsfield,  111.;  moved  with 
parents  to  Le  Sueur  county,  Minn.,  in  early  youth; 
attended  public  schools,  was  instructed  by  private 
tutor,  and  was  graduated  from  a  business  college  in 
St.  Paul,  Minn.;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the 
bar,  and  practiced  in  St.  Peter,  Minn.,  for  many 
years;  prosecuting  attorney  of  Nicollet  county  for 
ten  years;  city  attorney  and  city  clerk  of  St. 
Peter  for  eighteen  years;  member  of  the  state 
house  of  representatives  two  years  and  of  the  state 
senate  for  lour  years;  elected  as  a  Republican  to 
the  Fifty-eighth,  Fifty-ninth,  Sixtieth,  and  Sixty- 
first  Congresses  (March  4,  1903-March  3,  1911). 
Reelected  to  the  Sixty-second  Congress. 

Davis,  Cushman  Kellogg,  a  Senator  from 
Minnesota;  bom  in  Henderson,  Jefferson  county, 
N.  Y.,  June  16,  1838;  removed  with  his  parents 
when  a  child  to  Waukesha,  Wis.;  attended  Car- 
roll college  in  Waukesha,  and  was  graduated  from 
the  University  of  Michigan  in  June,  1857;  studied 
law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1859,  and  began 
practice  in  Waukesha;  first  lieutenant  in  the 
twenty-eighth  Wisconsin  infantry  1861-1862;  as- 
sistant adjutant-general  on  the  staff  of  Gen.  Willis 
A.  Gorman  1862-1864;  settled  in  St.  Paul,  Minn., 
in  1865;  member  of  the  Minnesota  legislature  in 
1867;  United  States  district  attorney  1868-1873; 
governor  1874-1875;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the 
United  States  Senate  and  took  his  seat  March  4, 
1887;  twice  reelected  and  served  until  his  death; 
member  of  the  commission  which  met  in  Paris, 
France,  September,  1898,  to  arrange  terms  of  peace 
between  the  United  States  and  Spain;  died  in 
St.  Paul,  Minn.,  November  27,  1900. 

Davis,  David,  a  Senator  from  Illinois;  born  in 
Cecil  county,  Md.,  March  9,  1815;  was  graduated 
from  Kenyon  college,  Ohio,  in  1832;  studied  law 
in  Lenox,  Mass.,  and  the  law  school  at  New  Haven; 
admitted  to  the  bar  and  commenced  practice  in 
Pekin,  111.,  in  the  fall  of  1835;  located  in  Bloom- 
ington,  111.,  in  1836;  member  of  the  state  house  of 
representatives  in  1844;  delegate  to  the  state  con- 
stitutional convention  in  1847;  elected  in  1848 
judge  of  the  eighth  judicial  circuit  of  Illinois,  and 
held  the  office  by  repeated  elections  until  he  re- 
signed it  in  October,  1862;  delegate  to  the  national 
Republican  convention  at  Chicago  in  1860;  ap- 
pointed by  President  Lincoln  a  judge  of  the 
supreme  court  of  the  United  States  in  October, 
1862,  and  served  until  March  4,  1877,  when  he  re- 
signed to  take  his  seat  in  the  United  States  Senate, 
having  been  elected  the  previous  January,  by  the 
votes  of  Independents  and  Democrats;  elected 
President  of  the  Senate  pro  tempore  October  13, 
1881,  and  served  until  March  3,  1883;  died  in 
Bloomington,  111.,  June  26,  1886 

Davis,  Garrett,  a  Representative  and  a  Senator 
from  Kentucky;  born  in  Mount  Sterling,  Ky.,  Sep- 
tember 10,  1801;  completed  preparatory  studies; 
employed  in  the  office  of  the  county  clerk  of  Mont- 
gomery county  and  afterwards  of  Bourbon  county; 
studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1823,  and 
practiced  in  Paris,  Ky.;  member  of  the  state  house 
of  representatives  1833-1835;  delegate  in  the  state 
constitutional  convention  of  1839;  elected  as  a 

50346°— S.  Doc.  654,  61-2 38 


Henry  Clay  Whig  to  the  Twenty-sixth,  Twenty- 
seventh,  Twenty-eighth,  and  Twenty-ninth  Con- 
gresses (March  4,  1839-March  3,  1847);  declined 
reelection  and  resumed  his  professional  and  agri- 
cultural pursuits;  declined  the  nomination  for 
lieutenant  governor  on  the  ticket  headed  by  John 
J.  Crittenden  in  1848;  delegate  to  the  state  con- 
stitutional convention  in  1849;  elected  as  an  old- 
line  Whig  to  the  United  States  Senate  to  fill 
vacancy  caused  by  the  Senate  expelling  John  C. 
Breckinridge;  was  reelected  and  served  from 
December  10,  1861,  until  his  death,  in  Paris,  Ky., 
September  22,  1872. 

Davis,  George  Royal,  a  Representative  from 
Illinois;  born  in  Three  Rivers,  Hampden  county, 
Mass.,  January  3,  1840;  completed  classical  studies 
at  Williston  seminary,  Easthampton,  Mass.,  grad- 
uating in  1860;  studied  law;  entered  the  army 
in  July,  1862,  and  was  an  officer  during  the  war; 
held  the  position  of  captain  in  the  eighth  Massa- 
chusetts volunteer  infantry  and  that  of  major  in 
the  third  Rhode  Island  cavalry;  engaged  in  busi- 
ness in  Chicago  as  a  manufacturer  and  as  an 
insurance  and  financial  agent;  he  became  a  mem- 
ber of  the  state  militia  and  senior  colonel  of  the 
first  Illinois  national  guard;  elected  as  a  Repub- 
lican to  the  Forty-sixth,  Forty-seventh,  and  Forty- 
eighth  Congresses  (March  4,  1879-March  3,  1885); 
treasurer  of  Cook  county,  111.,  1886-1890;  director 
general  of  World's  Columbian  Exposition  1893; 
died  in  Chicago,  111.,  November  25,  1899. 

Davis,  George  Thomas,  a  Representative  from 
Massachusetts;  born  in  Sandwich,  Mass.,  January 
12,  1810;  was  graduated  from  Harvard  college  in 
1829;  studied  law  at  Cambridge  and  at  Greenfield, 
and  commenced  practice  in  1832  in  Greenfield; 
established  the  "Franklin  Mercury"  in  1833; 
member  of  the  state  house  of  representatives  one 
year  and  of  the  state  senate  for  two  years,  1839- 
1840;  elected  as  a  Whig  to  the  Thirty-second  Con- 
gress (March  4,  1851-March  3,  1853);  moved  to 
Portland,  Me.,  where  he  died  June  17,  1877. 

Davis,  Henry  Gassoway,  a  Senator  from  West 
Virginia;  born  in  Howard  county,  Md.,  November 
16,  1823;  attended  the  country  schools;  lived  and 
worked  upon  a  farm  until  1843;  in  the  employ 
of  the  Baltimore  and  Ohio  railroad  company  for 
fourteen  years;  commenced  banking  and  mining 
coal  at  Piedmont  in  1858;  engaged  in  mining  and 
shipping  coal,  manufacturing  lumber,  etc.;  elected 
to  the  house  of  delegates  of  West  Virginia  in  1865; 
member  of  the  national  Democratic  conventions  in 
New  York  in  1868  and  in  Baltimore  in  1872;  elected 
to  the  state  senate  1868  and  1870;  elected  to  the 
United  States  Senate  and  served  from  March  4, 
1871,  to  March  3,  1883;  located  in  Elkins,  W.  Va., 
where  he  resumed  banking  and  became  president 
of  a  railroad  company.  Democratic  nominee  for 
Vice  President  in  1904. 

Davis,  Henry  Winter,  a  Representative  from 
Maryland;  born  in  Annapolis,  Md.,  August  16, 1817; 
was  graduated  from  Kenyon  college  in  1837; 
studied  law  at  the  University  of  Virginia,  was  ad- 
mitted to  the  bar,  and  commenced  practice  in 
Alexandria;  moved  to  Baltimore  in  1850,  where  he 
continued  practice  and  also  engaged  in  literary  pur- 
suits; elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Thirty-fourth, 
Thirty-fifth,  and  Thirty-sixth  Congresses  (March  4, 
1855-March  3,  1861);  was  defeated  for  the  Thirty- 
seventh,  but  was  reelected  to  the  Thirty-eighth 
Congress  (March  4,  1863-March  3,  1865);  died  in 
Baltimore,  Md.,  December  30,  1865. 


594 


CONGEESSIONAL   DIRECTOEY. 


Davis,  Horace,  a  Representative  from  Cali- 
fornia; born  in  Worcester,  Mass.,  March  16,  1831; 
attended  the  public  schools  of  Worcester  and  was 
graduated  from  Harvard  university  in  1849; 
studied  law  in  the  Dane  law  school,  but  abandoned 
professional  pursuits  by  reason  of  failing  health; 
moved  to  California  in  1852;  engaged  in  milling; 
elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Forty-fifth  and 
Forty-sixth  Congresses  (March  4,  1877-March  3, 
1881);  president  of  chamber  of  commerce  of  San 
Francisco  1883-1884,  and  president  of  University 
of  California  1888-1890. 

Davis,  Jacob  C.,  a  Representative  from  Illinois; 
resident  of  Warsaw,  111.;  elected  to  the  Thirty- 
fourth  Congress,  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  the  resig- 
nation of  William  A.  Richardson,  and  served  from 
December  4,  1856,  to  March  3,  1857. 

Davis,  Jeff,  a  Senator  from  Arkansas;  born  in 
Little  River  County,  Ark.,  May  6, 1862;  studied  law 
and  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  Pope  county,  Ark., 
at  the  age  of  19  years;  was  elected  prosecuting  attor- 
ney of  the  filth  judicial  district  in  1892,  and 
reelected  in  1894;  was  elected  attorney  general 
of  the  state  in  1898;  governor  of  Arkansas  in  1901, 
1903,  and  1905;  delegate  at  large  to  the  Democratic 
national  convention  in  1904;  elected  to  the  United 
States  Senate  for  the  term  beginning  March  4, 1907, 
and  reelected  in  1912;  died  in  Little  Rock,  Ark., 
January  3,  1913. 

Davis,  Jefferson,  a  Representative  and  a  Sen- 
ator from  Mississippi;  born  in  Christian  county, 
Ky.,  June  3,  1808;  attended  St.  Thomas  college, 
Washington  county,  Ky.,  for  two  years;  Jefferson 
college,  Mississippi,  and  Transylvania  university  for 
two  years ;  was  appointed  a  cadet  and  was  graduated 
from  West  Point  in  1828;  commissioned  second 
lieutenant  of  the  first  infantry  July  1,  1828,  and 
promoted  first  lieutenant  of  the  first  dragoons 
March  4, 1833,-and  served  until  June  30, 1835,  when 
he  resigned;  engaged  in  cotton  planting  in  Warren 
county,  Miss.;  presidential  elector  on  the  Polk  and 
Dallas  ticket  in  1844;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to 
the  Twenty -ninth  Congress,  and  served  until  June, 
1846,  when  he  resigned  to  command  the  first  regi- 
ment of  Mississippi  riflemen  in  the  war  with  Mex- 
ico; sailed  with  the  regiment  from  New  Orleans 
July  21,  1846;  was  with  Gen.  Taylor  in  the  three 
days'  siege  of  Monterey,  where  he  greatly  distin- 
guished himself,  as  he  afterwards  did  at  Buena 
Vista;  appointed  brigadier  general  May  27,  1847, 
but  declined ;  appointed  to  the  United  States  Senate 
from  Mississippi,  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  the 
death  of  Jesse  Speight;  subsequently  electee,  and 
served  from  August  10,  1847,  to  November,  1851, 
when  he  resigned;  defeated  as  a  secession  candi- 
date for  governor  in  1851;  again  elected  to  the 
United  States  Senate  but  resigned;  appointed  Sec- 
tary of  War  by  President  Pierce,  and  served  from 
March  7,  1853,  to  March  3,  1857;  again  elected 
to  the  United  States  Senate,  and  served  from  March 
4,  1857,  until  January  21,  1861,  when  he  with- 
drew with  other  Senators,  after  explaining  his 
purpose  to  the  Senate;  chosen  president  of  the 
Confederacy  by  the  provisional  congress,  and  in- 
augurated in  Montgomery,  Ala.,  February  18,  1861; 
elected  president  of  the  Confederacy  for  six  years, 
and  inaugurated  in  Richmond,  Va.,  February  22, 
1862;  captured  by  the  Union  troops  in  Irwinsville, 
Ga.,  May  10,  1865;  imprisoned  two  years  in  Fortress 
Monroe,  and  indicted  for  treason  May  8,  1866;  re- 
leased on  bail  May  14,  1867;  a  nolle  prosequi  was 
ordered  by  the  Government  in  December,  1868; 
died  in  New  Orleans,  La.,  December  6,  1889. 


Davis,  John,  a  Representative  and  a  Senator 
from  Massachusetts;  born  in  Northboro,  Mass., 
January  13,  1787,  was  graduated  from  Yale  in  1812; 
studied  law  and  in  1815  commenced  practice  in 
Worcester,  Mass.;  elected  as  a  Whig  to  the  Nine- 
teenth, Twentieth,  Twenty -first,  Twenty-second, 
and  Twenty-third  Congresses,  and  served  from 
March  4,  1825,  to  November,  14, 1834,  when  he  re- 
signed, having  been  elected  governor  by  the  legis- 
lature, the  popular  election  having  failed ;  served 
as  governor  one  year;  elected  to  the  United  States 
Senate,  and  served  from  March  4,  1835,  to  Jan- 
uary 5,  1841,  when  he  resigned;  again  governor 
of  Massachusetts  1841-1843;  nominated  for  vice 
president  by  a  Whig  mass  meeting  held  in  Dayton, 
Ohio,  in  1842,  but  the  action  was  not  ratified  by 
the  Whig  national  convention  of  1844 ;  again  elected 
to  the  United  States  Senate,  to  fill  vacancy  caused 
by  the  death  of  Isaac  C.  Bates,  and  served  from 
March  24, 1845,  to  March  3,  1853;  died  in  Worcester, 
Mass.,  April  19,  1854. 

Davis,  John,  a  Representative  from  Pennsylva- 
nia; born  in  that  state  in  1788;  moved  to  Maryland 
and  attended  the  public  schools;  returned  to  Penn- 
sylvania in  1812  and  located  in  what  is  now  Davis- 
ville;  engaged  in  agriculture  and  mercantile  pur- 
suits; served  as  captain  in  the  war  of  1812;  rose  to 
the  rank  of  major  general  of  militia;  elected  as  a 
Democrat  to  the  Twenty-sixth  Congress  (March  4, 
1839-March  3,  1841);  appointed  collector  of  the 
port  of  Philadelphia  by  President  Polk;  delegate 
to  several  state  and  national  Democratic  conven- 
tions; died  in  Davisville,  Pa.,  April  1,  1878. 

Davis,  John,  a  Representative  from  Kansas,- 
born  in  Sangamon  county,  111.,  August  9,  1826; 
attended  Springfield  academy,  and  Illinois  col- 
lege, Jacksonville;  removed  to  Macon  county  in 
1850,  and  followed  agricultural  pursuits  for  twenty- 
two  years;  went  to  Kansas  in  1872  and  located 
upon  a  farm  near  Junction  City;  elected  as  a  can- 
didate of  the  People's  Party  to  the  Fifty-second 
and  Fifty-third  Congresses  (March  4, 1891-March  3, 
1895);  devoted  his  time  to  literary  work;  died  in 
Topeka,  Kans.,  August  2,  1901. 

Davis,  John  Givan,  a  Representative  from 
Indiana;  born  in  Fleming  county,  Ky.,  October  10, 
1810;  attended  the  public  schools;  farmer  and  stock 
raiser;  moved  to  Rockville,  Ind.;  sheriff  of  Parke 
county  1830-1831;  clerk  of  the  superior  and  inferior 
courts  of  the  county  1833-1851 ;  elected  as  a  Demo- 
crat to  the  Thirty-second  and  Thirty-third  Con- 
gresses (March  4,  1851-March  3,  1855),  and  as  an 
anti-Lecompton  Democrat  to  the  Thirty-fifth  and 
Thirty-sixth  Congresses  (March  4,  1857-March  3, 
1861);  died  in  Terre  Haute,  Ind.,  January  18,  1866. 

Davis,  John  James,  a  Representative  from 
West  Virginia;  born  in  Clarksburg,  W.  Va.,  May  5, 
1835;  attended  the  Northwestern  Virginia  academy; 
studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar  and  prac- 
ticed; member  of  the  state  legislature  of  Virginia 
in  1861  and  of  West  Virginia  in  1870;  presidential 
elector  on  the  McClellan  ticket  in  1864;  one  of  the 
delegates  from  the  state  at  large  to  the  national 
Democratic  convention  in  New  York  in  1868;  dele- 
gate to  the  National  Democratic  conventions  in 
St.  Louis  in  1876  and  in  Chicago  in  1892;  elected 
as  a  Democrat  to  the  Forty-second  and  Forty-third 
Congresses  (March  4,  1871-March  3,  1875);  since 
retiring  from  Congress  has  practiced  law  in  Clarks- 
burg, W.  Va. 

Davis,  John  Wesley,  a  Representative  from 
Indiana;  born  in  New  Holland,  Lancaster  county, 


BIOGKAPH1ES. 


595 


Pa.,  April  16,  1799;  completed  preparatory  studies; 
studied  medicine,  was  graduated  from  the  Balti- 
more medical  college  in  1821;  moved  to  Carlisle, 
Ind.,  in  1823;  surrogate  of  Sullivan  county  in  1829; 
member  of  the  state  house  of  representatives  for 
several  years;  served  as  speaker  in  1832;  commis- 
sioner to  negotiate  an  Indian  treaty  in  1834;  elected 
as  a  Democrat  to  the  Twenty-fourth  Congress 
(March  4,  1835-March  3,  1837);  to  the  Twenty- 
sixth  Congress  (March  4,  1839-March  3,  1841),  and 
again  to  the  Twenty-eighth  and  Twenty-ninth 
Congresses  (March  4,  1843-March  3,  1847);  elected 
Speaker  of  the  House  of  Representatives  December 
1,  1845;  reelected  to  the  state  legislature  and 
speaker  of  the  lower  house  in  1847;  commissioner 
to  China  January  3,  1848,  to  May  25,  1850;  presided 
over  the  national  Democratic  convention  in  Bal- 
timore in  1852;  governor  of  Oregon  1853-1854;  died 
in  Carlisle,  Ind.,  August  22,  1859. 

Davis,  Joseph  John,  a  Representative  from 
North  Carolina;  born  in  Franklin  county,  N.  C., 
April  13,  1828;  attended  Wake  Forest  college, 
William  and  Mary  college,  and  was  graduated  from 
the  law  department  of  the  University  of  North  Caro- 
lina in  1850,  admitted  to  the  bar  and  engaged 
in  practice  in  Oxford,  N.  C.,  and  later  in  Louis- 
burg,  N.  C.;  served  in  the  Confederate  army  as 
captain;  member  of  the  state  legislature  in  1866- 
1867;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Forty -fourth, 
Forty -fifth,  and  Forty -sixth  Congresses  (March  4, 
1875-March  3,  1881);  appointed  a  justice  of  the 
supreme  court  of  the  state  in  1887,  and  in  1888  was 
elected;  died  August  7,  1892,  in  Louisburg,  N.  C. 

Davis,  Lowndes  Henry,  a  Representative  from 
Missouri;  born  in  Jackson,  Cape  Girardeau  county, 
Mo.,  December  14,  1836;  was  graduated  from  Yale 
in  1860,  and  from  the  Louisville  university  law 
school  in  1863;  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  practiced 
in  Jackson,  Mo.,  until  1875;  elected  state  attorney 
for  the  tenth  judicial  district  of  Missouri  in  1868, 
which  office  he  held  for  four  years;  an  elector  in 
1872  on  the  Greeley  and  Brown  ticket;  member 
of  the  state  constitutional  convention  in  1875; 
member  of  the  state  general  assembly  in  1876; 
elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Forty-sixth,  Forty- 
seventh,  and  Forty-eighth  Congresses  (March  4, 
1879-March  3,  1885). 

Davis,  Noah,  a  Representative  from  New  York; 
born  in  Haverhill,  N.  H.,  September  10,  1818; 
moved  with  his  parents  to  Albion,  N.  Y.,  in  1825; 
attended  the  common  schools  and  Lima  seminary; 
studied  law  in  Lewiston,  admitted  to  the  bar,  and 
practiced  in  Gainesville  and  Buffalo;  moved  to 
Albion  February,  1844,  where  he  continued  prac- 
tice until  May,  1858;  appointed,  and  subsequently 
twice  elected  judge  of  the  supreme  court  for  the 
eighth  judicial  district,  served  1857-1868;  moved 
to  New  York,  and  practiced  law;  elected  as  a  Re- 
publican to  the  Forty-first  Congress,  and  served 
from  March  4,  1869,  until  July  15,  1870,  when  he 
resigned;  appointed  by  President  Grant  United 
States  attorney  for  the  southern  district  of  New 
York,  and  served  from  July  20,  1870,  until  Decem- 
ber 31,  1872,  when  he  resigned,  having  been  re- 
elected  a  judge  of  the  supreme  court  of  the  state; 
served  until  1887;  member  of  council  of  the  Uni- 
versity of  New  York  City;  died  in  New  York  City 
March  20,  1902. 

Davis,  Reuben,  a  Representative  from  Missis- 
sippi; born  in  Tennessee,  January  18,  1813;  at- 
tended the  public  schools;  studied  medicine  but 


practiced  only  a  few  years,  when  he  abandoned 
the  profession  and  studied  law,  was  admitted  to 
the  bar.  moved  to  Aberdeen,  Miss.,  where  he  prac- 
ticed; prosecuting  attorney  for  the  sixth  judicial 
district  1835-1839;  judge  of  the  high  court  of  ap- 
peals in  1842,  but  after  four  months'  service  re- 
signed; served  as  colonel  of  the  second  regiment 
Mississippi  volunteers  in  the  war  with  Mexico; 
member  of  the  state  house  of  representatives 
1855-1857;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Thirty- 
fifth  and  Thirty-sixth  Congresses,  and  served  from 
December  7,  1857,  to  January  12,  1861,  when  he 
retired  from  the  House;  served  in  the  Confederate 
army  as  brigadier  general;  resumed  the  practice  of 
law;  died  in  Huntsville,  Tenn.,  October  14,  1890. 

Davis,  Richard  D.,  a  Representative  from  New 
York;  born  in  that  state;  was  graduated  from  Yale 
college  in  1818;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the 
bar,  and  practiced ;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the 
Twenty-seventh  and  Twenty-eighth  Congresses 
(March  4,  1841-March  3,  1845). 

Davis,  Robert  Thompson,  a.  Representative 
from  Massachusetts;  born  in  county  Down,  Ireland, 
August  28,  1823;  his  parents  emigrated  to  this 
country  and  settled  in  Amesbury,  Essex  county, 
Mass.,  in  1826;  attended  the  Amesbury  academy 
and  the  Friends'  school  in  Providence,  R.  I.; 
was  graduated  from  the  medical  department  of 
Harvard  university  in  1847;  dispensary  physician 
in  Boston;  practiced  medicine  three  years  in 
Waterville,  Me.;  moved  to  Fall  River,  Mass.,  in 
1850;  member  of  the  state  constitutional  convention 
of  1853;  state  senate  1859-1861;  delegate  in  the 
Republican  national  conventions  of  1860  and  1876; 
mayor  of  Fall  River  in  1873;  member  of  the  state 
board  of  charities  when  organized  in  1863;  ap- 
pointed a  member  of  the  state  board  of  health  upon 
its  organization  in  1869;  elected  as  a  Republican 
to  the  Forty-eighth,  Forty-ninth,  and  Fiftieth 
Congresses  (March  4,  1883-March  3,  1889);  re- 
sumed the  practice  of  medicine  iu  Fall  River,  and 
died  there  October  29,  1906. 

Davis,  Robert  Wyche,  a  Representative  from 
Florida;  born  in  Lee  county,  Ga.,  March  15,  1849; 
attended  the  common  schools;  entered  the  Con- 
federate army  in  1863,  and  served  until  the  close  of 
the  war;  read  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1868; 
moved  to  Florida  in  1879;  elected  to  the  legislature 
from  Clay  county  in  1884;  elected  speaker  of  the 
house  of  representatives  session  of  1886;  unsuc- 
cessful candidate  for  governor  in  1888;  elected  as 
a  Democrat  to  the  Fifty-fifth,  Fifty-sixth,  Fifty- 
seventh,  and  Fifty-eighth  Congresses  (March  4, 
1897-March  3,  1905). 

Davis,  Roger,  a  Representative  from  Penn- 
sylvania; was  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Twelfth 
and  Thirteenth  Congresses  (March  4,  1811-March  3, 
1815). 

Davis,  Samuel,  a  Representative  from  Massa- 
chusetts; born  in  Bath,  Me.,  in  1774;  engaged  in 
mercantile  pursuits;  member  of  the  state  house  of 
representatives  in  1803  and  1808-1812;  elected  as  a 
Federalist  to  the  Thirteenth  Congress  (March  4, 
1813-March  3,  1815);  again  a  member  of  the  state 
house  of  representatives  1815-16;  died  in  Bath, 
Me.,  April  17,  1831. 

Davis,  Thomas,  a  Representative  from  Rhode 
Island;  born  in  Dublin,  Ireland,  December  18, 
1806;  emigrated  to  the  United  States  and  located 


596 


CONGKESSIONAL  DIBECTOKY. 


in  Providence,  R.  I.,  in  1817;  manufacturing 
jeweler;  member  of  the  state  senate  1845-1853; 
elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Thirty-third  Congress 
(March  4,  1853-March  3,  1855);  unsuccessful  can- 
didate for  the  Thirty-fourth,  Thirty-sixth,  Forty- 
second,  Forty-third,  and  Forty-sixth  Congresses; 
state  senator  1877-78;  became  financially  in- 
volved and  a  bankrupt  in  1883,  and  was  deprived 
of  the  right  of  citizenship;  regained  his  fortune 
when  rights  were  restored;  member  of  general 
assembly  1887-1890;  died  in  Providence,  R.  I., 
July  26,  1895. 

Davis,  Thomas  Beall,  a  Representative  from 
West  Virginia;  born  in  Baltimore,  Md.,  April  25, 
1828;  moved  to  Howard  county,  Md.,  where  he 
attended  the  common  schools;  in  the  early  fifties 
moved  to  Piedmont,  W.  Va.,  and  entered  the 
employ  of  the  Baltimore  and  Ohio  railroad  com- 
pany; a  few  years  later  he  engaged  in  the  mercan- 
tile business,  lumbering,  banking,  mining,  and 
finally  the  building  of  railroads;  in  later  years 
devoted  much  attention  to  farming  and  raising 
fine  stock;  elected  to  the  legislature  of  West  Vir- 
ginia from  Mineral  county  as  a  Democrat  in  1898; 
member  of  the  state  Democratic  executive  com- 
mittee for  thirty  years;  elected  to  the  Fifty-ninth 
Congress  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  the  resignation 
of  Alston  G.  Dayton  and  served  from  December  4, 
1905,  to  March  3,  1907;  died  in  Keyser,  W.  Va., 
November  26,  1911. 

Davis,  Thomas  T.,  a  Representative  from 
Kentucky;  elected  to  the  Fifth,  Sixth,  and  Sev- 
enth Congresses  (March  4,  1797-March  3,  1803). 

Davis,  Thomas  Treadwell,  a  Representative 
from  New  York;  born  in  Middlebury,  Addison 
county,  Vt.,  August  22,  1810;  was  graduated  from 
Hamilton  college  in  1831;  studied  law  in  Syracuse, 
N.  Y.;  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1833,  but  practiced 
only  a  short  time,  when  he  turned  his  attention 
to  railroading  and  coal  mining;  elected  as  a  Unionist 
to  the  Thirty-eighth  and  Thirty-ninth  Congresses 
(March  4,  1863-March  3,  1867)  presumed  the  prac- 
tice of  law  in  Syracuse,  and  died  there  May  22, 1872. 

Davis,  Timothy,  a  Representative  from  Iowa; 
born  in  Newark,  N.  J.,  March,  1794;  attended  the 
public  schools;  moved  to  Kentucky  in  1816;  re- 
moved to  Dubuque,  Iowa,  in  1837;  elected  as  a 
Republican  to  the  Thirty-fifth  Congress  (March  4, 
1857-March  3,  1859). 

Davis,  Timothy,  a  Representative  from  Massa- 
chusetts; born  in  Gloucester,  Mass.,  April  12,  1821; 
attended  the  public  schools;  served  two  years  in  a 
printing  office;  clerk  and  subsequently  a  merchant 
in  Boston;  elected  as  an  American  to  the  Thirty- 
fourth  Congress  and  as  a  Republican  to  the  Thirty- 
fifth  Congress  (March  4,  1855-March  3,  1859); 
appointed  clerk  in  the  Boston  customhouse; 
became  an  attorney  for  the  prosecution  of  claims 
against  the  Government;  died  in  Boston,  Mass., 
October  23,  1888. 

Davis,  Warren  Ransom,  a  Representative 
from  South  Carolina;  born  in  Columbia,  S.  C.,  May 
8,  1793;  was  graduated  from  the  college  of  South 
Carolina  in  1810;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the 
bar  in  1814  and  practiced  in  Pendleton,  S.  C. ;  state 
solicitor  of  the  western  circuit  1818-1824;  elected 
as  a  State's  Rights  Democrat  to  the  Twentieth, 
Twenty-first,  Twenty-second,  and  Twenty-third 
Congresses  and  served  from  March  4,  1827,  until 
his  death  in  Washington,  D.  C.,  January  29,  1835. 


Davis,  William  Morris,  a  Representative  from 
Pennsylvania;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the 
Thirty-seventh  Congress  (March  4,  1861-March  3, 
1863). 

Davison,  George  Mosby,  a  Representative 
from  Kentucky;  born  in  Stanford,  Lincoln  county, 
Ky.,  March  23, 1856;  attended  the  common  schools, 
Stanford  academy,  and  the  private  school  of 
Prof.  J.  B.  Meyers;  studied  law,  and  admitted  to 
the  bar  in  1879;  appointed  to  the  internal-revenue 
service  in  1881,  and  served  until  1885;  appointed 
master  of  chancery,  or  commissioner,  of  the  Lincoln 
circuit  court  in  1886  and  resigned  in  1893;  elected 
to  the  legislature  from  Lincoln  county  as  a  Repub- 
lican in  1887;  Republican  candidate  for  elector  in 
1888  and  1892;  elected  judge  of  the  Lincoln  county 
court  in  1894;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Fifty- 
fifth  Congress  (March  4,  1897-March  3,  1899); 
claimed  to  have  been  elected  to  the  Fifty-sixth 
Congress,  but  was  denied  the  seat;  resumed  the 
practice  of  law  in  Stanford,  Ky.,  until  his  death 
there,  December  19,  1912. 

Davy,  John  Madison,  a  Representative  from 
New  York;  born  in  Ottawa,  Ontario,  June  29,  1835; 
while  quite  young  moved  with  his  parents  to  Monroe 
county,  N.  Y.;  attended  the  common  schools; 
studied  law  in  Rochester,  was  admitted  to  the  bar, 
and  afterwards  practiced;  elected  district  attorney 
of  Monroe  county  in  1868  for  three  years;  appointed 
by  President  Grant  collector  of  customs  for  the 
port  of  Genesee  in  April,  1872,  which  office  he  held 
until  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Forty-fourth 
Congress  (March  4,  1875-March  3,  .1877);  was  jus- 
tice of  the  supreme  court  of  New  York  sixteen 
years;  died  in  Atlantic  City,  N.  J.,  April  21,  1909. 

Dawes,  Beman  Gates,  a  Representative  from 
Ohio;  born  in  Marietta,  Ohio,  January  14,  1870; 
attended  Marietta  academy  and  college;  engaged 
in  business;  elected  to  the  Fifty-ninth  and  Sixtieth 
Congresses  (March  4,  1905-March  3,  1909);  after 
his  retirement  from  Congress  became  interested  in 
oil  and  electric  railways. 

Dawes,  Henry  Laurens,  a  Representative  and 
a  Senator  from  Massachusetts;  born  in  Cumming- 
ton,  Mass.,  October  30,  1816;  was  graduated  from 
Yale  in  1839;  became  a  teacher  and  edited  the 
Greenfield  Gazette  and  North  Adams  Transcript; 
studied  law  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1842, 
and  began  practice  in  North  Adams,  Mass.;  mem- 
ber of  the  house  of  representatives  of  Massachusetts 
in  1848,  1849,  and  1852;  member  of  the  state  senate 
in  1850;  member  of  the  state  constitutional  con- 
vention in  3853;  district  attorney  for  the  western 
district  of  Massachusetts,  1853-1857;  elected  to  the 
Thirty-fifth  and  to  the  eight  succeeding  Con- 
gresses (March  4,  1857-March  3,  1875);  declined 
to  be  a  candidate  for  the  Forty-fourth  Congress; 
elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  United  States  Sen- 
ate in  1875;  was  reelected  in  1881  and  1887,  and 
served  from  March  4,  1875,  to  March  3,  1893; 
located  in  Pittsfield,  Mass.;  chairman  of  a  com- 
mission to  the  Five  Civilized  Tribes  of  the  Indian 
Territory,  1893-1903;  died  in  Pittsfield,  Mass., 
February  5,  1903. 

Dawes,  Rufus  R.,  a  Representative  from  Ohio; 
born  in  Malta,  Morgan  county,  Ohio,  July  4,  1838; 
was  graduated  from  Marietta  college,  Ohio,  in  1860; 
entered  the  volunteer  service  in  1861  as  a  captain 
in  the  sixth  Wisconsin  volunteers,  and  during  the 
war  was  promoted  to  major  in  1862,  lieutenant 
colonel  and  colonel  in  1863,  and  brigadier  general 


BIOGRAPHIES. 


597 


by  brevet,  March  13,  1865;  engaged  in  business  in 
Marietta;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Forty- 
seventh  Congress  (March  4,  1881-March  3,  1883); 
died  in  Marietta,  Ohio,  August  2,  1899. 

Dawson,  Albert  Foster,  a  Representative 
from  Iowa;  born  in  Spragueville,  Iowa,  January  26, 
1872;  attended  the  common  schools  of  Iowa  and 
the  University  of  Wisconsin ;  studied  law  and  was 
admitted  to  the  bar;  engaged  in  newspaper  work 
in  Preston  and  Clinton,  Iowa;  served  several  years 
on  the  official  staff  of  Congress;  elected  to  the 
Fifty-ninth,  Sixtieth  and  Sixty-first  Congresses 
(March  4,  1905-March  3,  1911);  engaged  in  the 
practice  of  law  in  Washington,  D.  C. 

Dawson,  John,  a  Representative  from  Virginia; 
born  in  that  state  in  1762;  was  graduated  from  Har- 
vard college  in  1782;  studied  law,  was  admitted 
to  the  bar,  and  practiced ;  presidential  elector  on 
the  Washington  ticket  in  1793;  delegate  in  the 
state  constitutional  convention;  was  the  bearer  of 
dispatches  from  President  Adams  to  the  govern- 
ment of  France  in  1801 ;  served  as  aid  to  Gen.  Jacob 
Brown,  commander-in-chief  of  the  United  States 
army  in  1813;  member  of  the  state  house  of  bur- 
gesses; elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Fifth  and  to 
the  eight  succeeding  Congresses,  and  served  from 
March  4,  1797,  until  his  death,  in  Washington, 
D.  C.,  March  30,  1814. 

Dawson,  John  B . ,  a  Representative  from  Louisi- 
ana; born  in  Nashville,  Tenn.,  in  1800;  attended 
Center  college,  Ky.;  moved  to  Louisiana  and  be- 
came a  planter;  member  of  the  state  house  of  repre- 
sentatives for  several  years;  judge  of  the  parish 
court;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Twenty- 
seventh  and  Twenty-eighth  Congresses  (March  4, 
1841-March  3,  1845);  died  in  St.  Francisville,  La., 
June  26,  1845. 

Dawson,  John  Littleton,  a  Representative 
from  Pennsylvania;  born  in  Union  town,  Pa.,  Feb- 
ruary 7,  1813;  was  graduated  from  Washington 
college  in  1833;  studied  law,  admitted  to  the  bar 
in  1835,  and  commenced  practice  in  Brownsville, 
Pa.;  deputy  attorney  general  of  the  state  in  1838; 
United  States  district  attorney  for  the  western  dis- 
trict of  Pennsylvania,  1845-1848;  elected  as  a 
Democrat  to  the  Thirty-second  and  Thirty-third 
Congresses  (March  4,  1851-March  3,  1855);  ap- 
pointed governor  of  Kansas  territory  by  President 
Pierce,  but  declined;  reelected  to  the  Thirty- 
eighth  and  Thirty-ninth  Congresses  (March  4,  1863- 
March  3,  1867) ;  delegate  to  the  national  Democratic 
conventions  in  1844,  1848,  1860,  and  1868;  died  in 
Friendship  Hill,  Springfield  township,  Fayette 
county,  Pa.,  September  18,  1870. 

Dawson,  William,  a  Representative  from  Mis- 
souri; born  in  New  Madrid,  New  Madrid  county, 
Mo.,  March  17,  1848;  was  graduated  from  the  col- 
lege of  the  Christian  Brothers  in  St.  Louie,  Mo.,  in 
1869;  elected  sheriff  and  collector  of  New  Madrid 
county  in  1870  and  1872;  elected  in  1878  to  the 
lower  house  of  the  general  assembly  of  Missouri; 
and  reelected  in  1880  and  1882;  elected  as  a  Dem- 
ocrat to  the  Forty-ninth  Congress  (March  4,  1885- 
March3, 1887).  After  leaving  Congress  he  engaged 
in  the  land  business  in  New  Madrid,  Mo. 

Dawson,  William  Crossby,  a  Representative 
and  a  Senator  from  Georgia;  bom  in  Greene  county, 
Ga.,  January  4,  1798;  was  graduated  from  Franklin 
college  in  1816;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the 
bar  in  1816,  and  commenced  practice  in  Greens- 


boro, Ga. ;  member  of  the  state  senate  and  house  of 
representatives  for  several  years;  elected  as  a 
State's  Rights  Whig  to  the  'Twenty-fourth  Con- 
gress to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  the  death  of  John 
Coffee;  reelected  to  the  Twenty-fifth,  Twenty- 
sixth,  and  Twenty-seventh  Congresses,  and  served 
from  December  26,  1836,  to  September  13,  1841, 
when  he  resigned;  judge  of  the  Ocmulgee  circuit 
court  from  February  1  to  November  11,  1845; 
elected  to  the  United  States  Senate  and  served 
from  March  4,  1849,  to  March  3,  1855;  presided 
over  the  Memphis  convention  of  1853;  died  in 
Greensboro,  Ga.,  May  5,  1856. 

Dawson,  William  Johnston,  a  Representative 
from  North  Carolina;  born  in  that  state;  elected  to 
the  Third  Congress  (March  4,  1793-March  3,  1795). 

Day,  Rowland,  a  Representative  from  New 
York;  born  in  Chester,  Mass.,  March  6,  1779; 
moved  with  his  parents  to  Skaneateles,  N.  Y.,  in 
1805,  and  from  thence  to  Moravia,  N.  Y.,  in  1810; 
member  of  the  state  house  of  representatives  1816- 
1817;  a  member  of  the  convention  to  revise  the 
constitution  of  the  state  of  New  York  in  1821; 
held  several  local  offices  in  Sernpronius,  where 
he  resided;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Eigh- 
teenth and  Twenty- third  Congresses  (March  4, 
1823-March  3,  1825)  and  (March  4,  1833-March  3, 
1835).  Died  in  Moravia,  N.  Y.,  December  23, 1853. 

Day,  Timothy  Crane,  a  Representative  from 
Ohio;  born  in  Cincinnati,  Ohio,  January  8,  1819; 
attended  the  public  schools;  elected  as  a  Repub- 
lican to  the  Thirty-fourth  Congress  (March  4,  1855- 
March  3,  1857);  died  in  Cincinnati,  Ohio,  April  15, 
1869. 

Dayan,  Charles,  a  Representative  from  New 
York;  born  in  Amsterdam,  N.  Y.,  July  16,  1792; 
spent  the  early  part  of  his  life  on  a  farm;  attended 
the  public  schools;  taught  school ;  studied  law,  was 
admitted  to  the  bar  in  1819  and  practiced  in  Low- 
ville;  member  of  the  state  senate  in  1827  and  1828; 
presidential  elector  in  1828;  acting  lieutenant  gov- 
ernor from  October  17  to  December  31, 1828;  presi- 
dential elector  on  the  Jackson  ticket  in  1828; 
elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Twenty-second  Con- 
gress (March  4,  1831-March  3,  1833);  member  of 
the  state  house  of  representatives  in  1835-1836; 
district  attorney  for  Lewis  county,  1840-1845;  died 
in  Lowville,  N.  Y.,  December  25,  1877. 

Dayton,  Alston  Gordon,  a  Representative 
from  West  Virginia;  born  in  Philippi,  Va.  (now  West 
Virginia,  October  18, 1857;  was  graduated  from  the 
University  of  West  Virginia  in  June,  1878;  studied 
law,  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar  October  18, 1878; 
appointed  to  fill  out  an  unexpired  term  as  pros- 
ecuting attorney  of  Upshur  county,  W.  Va.,  in 
1879;  prosecuting  attorney  for  Barbour  county, 
1884-1888;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Fifty- 
fourth  and  to  the  five  succeeding  Congresses ;  served 
from  March  4, 1895,  until  his  resignation  March  16, 
1905,  and  was  appointed  United  States  district 
judge  for  the  northern  district  of  West  Virginia 
March  5,  1905,  which  position  he  now  holds. 

Dayton,  Elias,  a  Delegate  from  New  Jersey; 
born  in  Elizabethtown,  N.  J.,  February  4,  1737; 
completed  preparatory  studies;  joined  the  British 
forces  and  fought  in  the  "Jersey  Blues"  under 
Wolfe  at  Quebec;  subsequently  commanded  a  com- 
pany of  militia  in  an  expedition  against  the  Indians 
at  Detroit;  member  of  the  Committee  of  Safety  at 
the  breaking  out  of  the  war  of  the  Revolutionfap- 


598 


CONGRESSIONAL   DIRECTORY. 


pointed  colonel  of  the  third  New  Jersey  regiment 
and  promoted  to  the  rank  of  brigadier  general 
January  7,  1783;  elected  major  general  of  militia; 
served  several  terms  in  the  state  legislature ;  elected 
a  delegate  in  the  Continental  Congress  1787-88; 
died  in  Elizabethtown,  N.  J.,  October  22,  1807. 

Dayton,  Jonathan,  a  Representative  and  a 
Senator  from  New  Jersey;  born  in  Elizabethtown, 
N.  J.,  October  16,  1760;  was  graduated  from  Prince- 
ton college  in  1776;  studied  law  and  admitted  to 
the  bar,  but  entered  the  Continental  army  as  pay- 
master in  the  regiment  commanded  by  his  father; 
served  throughout  the  war  of  the  Revolution ;  mem- 
ber of  the  state  council  for  several  terms  and  its 
speaker  in  1790;  delegate  to  the  federal  constitu- 
tional convention,  1787;  elected  to  the  Second, 
Third,  Fourth,  and  Fifth  Congresses  (March  4, 
1791-March  3,  1799);  served  as  Speaker  during  the 
Fourth  and  Fifth  Congresses;  elected  a  United 
States  Senator,  and  served  from  March  4,  1799,  to 
March  3,  1805;  was  arrested  in  1807  on  the  charge 
of  conspiring  with  Aaron  Burr  in  treasonable  proj- 
ects; gave  bail,  was  subsequently  released,  and 
was  never  brought  to  trial;  died  in  Elizabethtown, 
N.  J.,  October  9,  1824. 

Dayton,  William  Lewis,  a  Senator  from  New 
Jersey;  born  in  Basking  Ridge,  N.  J.,  February  17, 
1807;  was  graduated  from  Princeton  college  in 
1825;  studied  law  at  Gould's  law  school  in  Litch- 
field,  Conn.,  and  commenced  practice  in  Somer- 
ville,  N.  J.,  in  1830;  state  senator,  1836-37;  asso- 
ciate judge  of  the  supreme  court  from  February  28, 
1838,  to  November  1,  1841,  when  he  resigned;  ap- 
pointed a  United  States  Senator  to  fill  vacancy 
caused  by  the  death  of  Samuel  L.  Southard;  sub- 
sequently elected  and  served  from  July  2,  1842,  to 
March  3,  1851;  resumed  the  practice  of  law;  nomi- 
nated in  1856  by  the  newly  formed  Republican 
party  as  its  candidate  for  Vice  President  on  the 
Fremont  ticket;  attorney  general  of  New  Jersey, 
1857-1861;  appointed  by  President  Lincoln  min- 
ister to  France  March  18,  1861,  and  served  until 
his  death  in  Paris,  December  1,  1864. 

Dean,  Benjamin,  a  Representative  from  Mas- 
sachusetts; born  in  Clitheroe,  England,  August  14, 
1824;  emigrated  to  Lowell,  Mass.,  at  an  early  age; 
received  classical  training  in  the  Lowell  schools 
and  Dartmouth  college;  studied  law,  was  admitted 
to  the  bar  in  1845  and  practiced  in  Lowell;  re- 
moved to  Boston  in  1852;  member  of  the  state 
senate  in  1862,  1863,  and  1869;  successfully  con- 
tested, as  a  Democrat  the  election  of  Walbridge 
A.  Field  to  the  Forty-fifth  Congress,  and  served 
irom  March  28,  1878,  until  March  3,  1879;  died  in 
South  Boston,  Mass.,  April  9,  1897. 

Dean,  Ezra,  a  Representative  from  Ohio;  born 
in  Hillsdale,  Columbia  county,  N.  Y.,  April  9, 
1795;  moved  to  Ohio,  where  he  held  several  local 
offices;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Twenty-sev- 
enth and  Twenty-eighth  Congresses  (March  4, 1841- 
March  3,  1845).  Died  in  Ironton,  Ohio,  January 
25,  1872. 

Dean,  Gilbert,  a  Representative  from  New 
York;  born  in  Pleasant  Valley,  Dutchess  county, 
N.  Y.,  August  14,  1819;  was  graduated  from  Yale 
college  in  1841;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the 
bar,  and  began  practice  in  Poughkeepsie,  N.  Y., 
in  1844;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Thirty- 
second  and  Thirty-third  Congresses,  and  served 
from  March  4,  1851,  until  July  3,  1854,  when  he 


resigned;  appointed  justice  of  the  supreme  court 
of  New  York  and  served  until  December  31,  1855; 
removed  to  New  York  City  in  1856  and  continued 
the  practice  of  law;  died  in  Poughkeepsie,  N.  Y., 
October  12,  1870. 

Dean,  Josiah,  a  Representative  from  Massa- 
chusetts; born  in  Raynham,  Mass.,  March  6,  1748; 
attended  the  common  schools;  presidential  elector 
on  the  Jefferson  ticket  in  1805;  member  of  the 
state  senate  1804-1807;  elected  to  the  Tenth  Con- 
gress (March  4,  1807-March  3,  1809);  again  a 
member  of  the  state  house  of  representatives  1810- 
11;  died  in  Raynham,  Mass.,  October  14,  1818. 

Dean,  Sidney,  a  Representative  from  Connecti- 
cut; born  in  Glastonbury,  Conn.,  November  16, 
181 8;  attended  the  common  schools  and  Wilbra- 
ham  academy;  engaged  in  manufacturing  and  be- 
came a  Methodist  clergyman  in  1843;  member  of 
the  state  house  of  representatives;  elected  as  an 
American  to  the  Thirty-fourth,  and  reelected  as  a 
Republican  to  the  Thirty-fifth  Congress  (March  4, 
1855-March  3,  1859);  moved  to  Rhode  Island  in 
1860,  where  he  became  pastor  of  a  church,  and  af- 
terwards editor  of  the  Providence  Press  until  1880; 
during  this  period  he  served  as  state  senator  one 
term  in  1870  from  Warren,  R.  I. ;  died  in  Brookline, 
Mass.,  October  29,  1901. 

Deane,  Silas,  a  Delegate  from  Connecticut; 
born  in  Groton,  Conn.,  December  24, 1737 ;  received 
a  classical  training  and  was  graduated  from  Yale 
college  in  1758;  engaged  in  mercantile  pursuits  in 
Wethersfield,  Conn.;  delegate  from  Connecticut  to 
the  Continental  Congress  1774-1776;  ordered  to 
France  in  March,  1776,  as  a  secret  political  and 
financial  agent,  and  in  September  was  commis- 
sioned as  ambassador  with  Franklin  and  Lee;  ne- 
gotiated and  signed  the  treaty  between  France  and 
the  United  States,  in  Paris,  February  6,  1778;  per- 
sonally secured  the  services  of  Lafayette,  Dekalb, 
and  other  foreign  officers,  for  which  he  was  accused 
of  extravagance  and  was  recalled  in  1777,  and  inves- 
tigated by  Congress;  returned  to  France  to  procure 
transcripts  of  his  transactions  there  and  found  that 
the  publication  of  some  of  his  confidential  dis- 
patches had  embittered  that  government  against 
him,  and  he  was  compelled  to  go  to  Holland,  and 
thence  to  Great  Britain,  greatly  impoverished  and 
feeling  that  he  had  been  unjustly  injured;  died  in 
Deal,  England,  August  23,  1789;  in  1842  Congress 
vindicated  his  memory  by  deciding  that  a  con- 
siderable sum  of  money  was  due  him,  which  was 
paid  to  his  heirs, 

Dearborn,  Henry,  a  Representative  from  Mas- 
sachusetts; born  in  North  Hampton,  N.  H.,  Feb- 
ruary 23,  1751  j  received  a  public  school  training; 
studied  medicine,  and  began  practice  in  1772  in 
Nottingham  Square;  captain  in  Stark 's  regiment 
during  the  Revolutionary  war  and  participated  in 
the  battle  of  Bunker  Hill,  where  he  covered  the 
retreat  of  the  American  forces;  accompanied  Ar- 
nold's expedition  to  Canada  and  took  part  in  the 
storming  of  Quebec;  was  taken  prisoner,  but  was 
released  on  parole  in  May,  1776;  fought  in  the  bat- 
tles of  Stillwater,  Saratoga,  Monmouth,  and  New- 
ton; joined  Washington's  staff  in  1781  as  deputy 
quartermaster  general  with  rank  of  colonel,  and 
served  at  the  siege  of  Yorktown;  moved  to  Mon- 
mouth, Me.,  in  June,  1784;  elected  brigadier  gen- 
eral of  militia  in  1787,  and  made  major  general  in 
1789;  appointed  United  States  marshal  for  the  dis- 
trict of  Maine  in  1789;  elected  as  a  Democrat  from 


BIOGKAPHIES. 


599 


a  Maine  district  of  Massachusetts  to  the  Third  and 
Fourth  Congresses  (March  4,  1793-March  3,  1797); 
appointed  Secretary  of  War  by  President  Jeffer- 
son, and  served  from  March  4,  1801,  until  March  7, 
1809;  appointed  collector  of  the  port  of  Boston  by 
President  Madison  in  1809,  which  position  he  held 
until  January  27,  1812,  when  he  was  appointed 
senior  major  general  in  the  United  States  army; 
in  command  at  the  capture  of  York  (now  Toronto) 
April  27,  1813,  and  Fort  George,  May  27,  1813;  re- 
called from  the  frontier  July  6,  1813,  and  placed  in 
command  of  the  city  of  New  York;  appointed  min- 
ister plenipotentiary  to  Portugal  by  President  Mon- 
roe, and  served  from  May  7,  1822,  until  June  30, 
1824,  when,  by  his  own  request,  he  was  recalled; 
returned  to  Roxbury,  Mass.,  where  he  died  June 
6,  1829. 

Dearborn,  Henry  Alexander  Scammell,  a 
Representative  from  Massachusetts;  born  in  Exeter, 
N.  II.,  March  3,  1783;  was  graduated  from  William 
and  Mary  college  in  1803;  studied  law,  was  admit- 
ted to  the  bar,  and  began  practice  in  Salem,  Mass.  ; 
collector  of  customs  in  Boston,  1812-1829;  served 
in  the  war  of  1812  as  brigadier  general  commanding 
the  volunteers  in  the  defenses  of  Boston  harbor; 
member  of  the  state  constitutional  convention  in 
1820;  of  the  state  house  of  representatives  in  1829, 
and  of  the  state  senate  in  1830;  elected  to  the 
Twenty-second  Congress  (March  4,  1831-March  3, 
1833);  adjutant  general  of  Massachusetts  1834-1843; 
mayor  of  Roxbury  1847-1851;  died  in  Portland, 
Me.,  July  29,  1851. 

De  Arrnond,  David  Albaugh,  a  Representa- 
tive from  Missouri;  born  in  Blair  county,  Pa., 
March  18,  1844;  attended  the  common  schools  and 
Williamsport  Dickinson  seminary;  moved  to  Mis- 
souri, located  in  Butler;  presidential  elector  in 
1884;  state  senator,  circuit  judge,  and  Missouri 
supreme  court  commissioner;  elected  as  a  Demo- 
crat to  the  FJty-second,  and  to  the  nine  succeeding 
Congresses,  and  served  from  March  4,  1891,  until 
his  death  in  Butler,  Mo.,  November  23,  1910. 

Deberry,  Edmund,  a  Representative  from 
North  Carolina;  born  in  Mount  Gilead,  Mont- 
gomery county,  N.  C.,  August  14,  1787;  received 
a  public-school  training;  member  of  the  state  sen- 
ate 1808-1812,  1813,  1814,  1820,  1821,  1826-1829; 
elected  as  an  Adams  supporter  to  the  Twenty-first 
Congress  (March  4,  1829-March  3,  1831);  defeated 
for  reelection;  reelected  to  the  Twenty-third,  and 
to  the  five  succeeding  Congresses  (March  4,  1833- 
March  3,  1845);  again  elected  as  a  Whig  to  the 
Thirty-first  Congress  (March  4, 1849-March  3, 1851); 
died  in  Mount  Gilead,  N.  C.,  December  12,  1859. 

Deboe,  William  Joseph,  a  Senator  from  Ken- 
tucky; born  in  Crittenden  county,  Ky.,  June  30, 
1849;  attended  the  public  and  academic  schools  of 
the  state  and  Ewing  college,  Illinois;  studied  law 
and  afterwards  studied  medicine,  and  was  graduated 
from  the  Medical  University  of  Louisville;  prac- 
ticed a  few  years,  when  his  health  failed;  renewed 
the  study  of  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar;  served 
as  superintendent  of  schools  of  Crittenden  county ; 
delegate  to  the  national  Republican  convention  in 
Chicago  in  1888;  member  of  the  Republican  state 
central  committee  twelve  years;  defeated  for  Con- 
gress in  1892;  state  senator  1893-1898;  delegate  at 
large  to  the  Republican  national  convention  in 
St.  Louis  in  1896,  and  chairman  of  the  delegation; 
elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  United  States  Senate 
and  served  from  March  4,  1897,  to  March  3,  1903. 


De  Bolt,  Rezin  A.,  a  Representative  from  Mis- 
souri; born  in  Fairfield  county,  Ohio,  January  20, 
1828;  attended  the  common  schools;  studied  law 
and  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  February,  1856; 
moved  to  Trenton,  Grundy  county,  Mo.,  in  1858, 
and  began  practice;  appointed  in  1859  and  elected 
in  1860  commissioner  of  common  schools  for 
Grundy  county  and  served  until  the  commence- 
ment of  the  Civil  war;  entered  the  Union  army  as 
captain  in  the  twenty-third  Missouri  volunteer 
infantry;  captured  at  the  battle  of  Shiloh,  April  6, 
1862,  and  held  as  prisoner  until  the  following 
October;  resigned  his  commission  in  1863  on  ac- 
count of  impaired  health;  in  1864  again  entered  the 
United  States  service  as  major  in  the  forty-fourth 
Missouri  volunteer  infantry;  mustered  out  in 
August,  1865;  elected  judge  of  the  circuit  court  for 
the  eleventh  judicial  circuit  of  Missouri  in  Novem- 
ber, 1863,  which  position  he  held  by  reelection 
until  January  1,  1875;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the 
Forty-fourth  Congress  (March  4,  1875-March  3, 
1877);  died  in  Trenton,  Mo.,  October  30,  1891. 

Deemer,  Elias,  a  Representative  from  Penn- 
sylvania; born  in  Bucks  county,  Pa.,  January  3, 
1838;  attended  the  common  schools;  engaged  in 
business  in  Lycoming  county  and  in  Philadelphia; 
enlisted  as  a  private  in  company  E,  one  hundred 
and  fourth  Pennsylvania  volunteers,  in  July,  1861, 
and  served  in  the  Pennsylvania  campaign  until 
the  middle  of  May  following,  when  he  was  dis- 
charged because  of  disabilities;  moved  to  Williams- 
port,  Pa.,  in  the  spring  of  1868;  president  of  the 
common  council,  1888-1890;  engaged  in  the  manu- 
facture of  lumber;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the 
Fifty-seventh,  Fifty-eighth,  and  Fifty-ninth  Con- 
gresses (March  4,  190l-March  3,  1907);  after  his 
retirement  from  Congress  engaged  in  the  lumber 
business 

Deering,  Nathaniel  Cobb,  a  Representative 
from  Iowa;  born  in  Denmark,  Oxford  county,  Me., 
September  2,  1827;  attended  the  common  schools 
and  North  Bridgeton  academy;  member  of  the 
state  legislature  in  1855-1856;  moved  to  Osage, 
Iowa,  in  1857;  for  several  years  a  .clerk  in  the 
United  States  Senate,  but  resigned  in  1865;  later 
in  1865  appointed  special  agent  of  the  Post  Office 
Department  for  the  district  of  Minnesota,  Iowa, 
and  Nebraska,  and  served  until  1869,  when  he  re- 
signed; appointed  national-bank  examiner  for  the 
state  of  Iowa  in  1872,  which  position  he  held  until 
February,  1877;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the 
Forty-fifth,  Forty-sixth,  and  Forty-seventh  Con- 
gresses (March  4,  1877-March  3,  1883);  died  in 
Osage,  Iowa,  December  11,  1887. 

De  Forest,  Robert  Elliott,  a  Representative 
from  Connecticut;  born  in  Guilford,  Conn.,  Feb- 
ruary 20,  1845;  attended  Guilford  academy  and 
was  graduated  from  Yale  college  in  1867;  admitted 
to  the  bar  in  1868;  located  in  Bridgeport,  where  he 
practiced;  appointed  prosecuting  attorney  for 
Bridgeport  in  1872;  judge  of  the  court  of  common 
pleas  for  Fairfield  county  in  1874;  mayor  of  Bridge- 
port in  1878;  elected  to  the  legislature  in  1880,  and 
to  the  state  senate  in  1882;  corporation  counsel  for 
Bridgeport;  again  elected  mayor  in  1889  and  1890; 
elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Fifty-second  and 
Fifty-third  Congresses  (March  4,  1891-March  3, 
1895);  after  retirement  from  Congress  practiced  law 
in  Bridgeport,  Conn. 

Defrees,  Joseph  H.,  a  Representative  from 
Indiana;  born  in  Carthage,  Tenn.,  May  13,  1812; 
attended  the  common  schools;  learned  the  art  of 


600 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 


printing;  moved  to  Indiana  and  engaged  in  mer- 
cantile pursuits;  sheriff  of  Elkhart  county  1836- 
1840;  member  of  the  state  house  of  representatives 
in  1849  and  of  the  state  senate  in  1850;  elected  as 
a  Unionist  to  the  Thirty-ninth  Congress  (March  4, 
1865-March  3,  1867). 

Degener,  Edward,  a  Representative  from 
Texas;  born  in  Brunswick,  Germany,  October  20, 
1809;  pursued  an  academic  course  in  Germany 
and  in  England;  twice  a  member  of  the  legislative 
body  in  Anhalt-Dessau  and  a  member  of  the  first 
German  parliament  in  Frankfort;  emigrated  to  the 
United  States  and  located  in  Sisterdale,  Tex.; 
engaged  in  farming  in  1850;  court-martialed  and 
imprisoned  by  the  Confederates  on  account  of  his 
loyalty  to  the  Union;  moved  to  San  Antonio,  Tex., 
after  the  war;  engaged  in  business;  member  of  the 
Texas  constitutional  conventions  in  18G6  and  1868; 
elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Forty-first  Congress 
(March  4, 1869-March3, 1871);  died  in  San  Antonio, 
Tex.,  September  11,  1890. 

Degetau,  Federico,  a  Resident  Commissioner 
from  Porto  Rico;  born  in  Ponce,  P.  R.;  attended 
the  schools  of  that  island;  was  graduated  as  bach- 
elor of  sciences  and  arts  in  Barcelona,  Spain,  and 
from  the  law  department  of  the  Central  University 
of  Madrid;  one  of  the  four  commissioners  sent  by 
Porto  Rico  to  ask  Spain  for  autonomy;  district  of 
Ponce  elected  him  a  deputy  to  the  Cortes  of  1898; 
Gen.  Henry  appointed  him  secretary  of  the 
interior  of  the  nrst  American  cabinet  that  was 
formed  in  Porto  Rico;  appointed  a  member  of  the 
insular  board  of  charities  by  Gen.  Davis;  elected 
first  vice  president  of  the  municipal  council  of  San 
Juan  in  1899,  and  later  president  of  the  board  of 
education  of  that  city;  elected  Resident  Commis- 
sioner to  the  Fifty-seventh  and  Fifty-eighth  Con- 
gresses (March  4,  1901-March  3,  1905). 

De  Graff,  John  Isaac,  a  Representative  from 
New  York;  born  in  Schenectady,  N.  Y.,  in  1783; 
attended  the  common  schools;  was  a  merchant  and 
capitalist;  served  in  the  war  of  1812;  elected  to  the 
Twentieth  Congress  (March  4,  1827-March  3, 1829); 
reelected  to  the  Twenty-fifth  Congress  (March  4, 
1837-March3, 1839);  was  appointed  Secretary  of  the 
Treasury  by  President  Van  Buren,  but  declined; 
served  as  mayor  of  Schenectady  several  terms; 
died. in  Schenectady,  N.  Y.,  June  26,  1847. 

De  Graffenreid,  Reese  Calhoun,  a  Repre- 
sentative from  Texas;  born  in  Franklin,  Tenn., 
May  7,  1859;  pursued  an  academic  course  there 
until  13  years  old ;  went  to  the  University  of  Ten- 
nessee; was  graduated  from  the  Lebanon  law 
school;  having  the  right  to  practice  before  majority, 
he  commenced  the  law  practice  immediately  in 
Franklin;  moved  to  Chattanooga,  where  he  prac- 
ticed for  one  year;  moved  to  Texas;  helped  to  build 
the  Texas  and  Pacific  railroad;  resumed  the  prac- 
tice of  his  profession  at  Longview,  Tex.,  in  1883; 
elected  county  attorney  and  resigned  two  months 
afterwards;  elector  on  the  Democratic  ticket  in 
1888;  unsuccessful  candidate  for  Congress  in  1890; 
elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Fifty-fifth,  Fifty-sixth, 
and  Fifty-seventh  Congresses  and  served  from 
March4, 1897,  until  his  death  in  Washington,  D.  C., 
August  29,  1902. 

De  Haven,  John  Jefferson,  a  Representative 
from  California;  born  in  St.  Joseph,  Mo.,  March  12, 
1849;  resided  in  Humboldt  county;  attended  the 
common  schools;  printer  by  trade,  and  pursued 


that  vocation  for  four  years;  studied  law  and  ad- 
mitted to  the  bar  of  the  district  court  in  Humboldt 
in  1866;  district  attorney  in  1867;  member  of  the 
assembly  in  1869;  state  senator  in  1871;  served  until 
April,  1874;  defeated  as  a  candidate  for  delegate  to 
the  constitutional  convention  in  1878;  appointed 
in  the  latter  year  city  attorney  of  Eureka,  and  served 
two  years;  Republican  candidate  for  Congress  in 
1882,  and  defeated;  elected  judge  of  the  superior 
court  of  Humboldt  county  in  1884;  elected  as  a  Re- 
publican to  the  Fifty-first  Congress  and  served  from 
March  4,  1889,  until  October  1,  1890,  when  he  re- 
signed; elected  associate  justice  of  the  supreme 
court  of  California  to  fill  an  unexpired  term  of  four 
years;  commissioned  United  States  district  judge 
for  the  northern  district  of  California,  June  8,  1897; 
died  near  Napa,  Cal.,  January  26,  1913. 

Dietz,  William,  a  Representative  from  New 
York;  born  in  Schoharie  county,  N.  Y.,  June  28, 
1778;  attended  the  common  schools;  served  in  the 
state  house  of  representatives  1814-1815  and  in 
1823;  elected  to  the  Nineteenth  Congress  (March 
4,  1825-March  3,  1827);  member  of  the  state  senate 
1830-1833;  presidential  elector  1832;  colonel  of 
the  militia;  died  in  Schoharie,  N.  Y.,  August  24, 
1848. 

De  Jarnette,  Daniel  Coleman,  a  Representa- 
tive from  Virginia;  born  near  Bowling  Green,  Va., 
September  27,  1822;  pursued  classical  studies; 
served  several  years  in  the  state  house  of  repre- 
sentatives; elected  as  an  antiadministration  Demo- 
crat to  the  Thirty-sixth  Congress  (March  4,  1859- 
March  3,  1861);  reelected  to  the  Thirty-seventh 
Congress,  but  did  not  serve;  Representative  from 
Virginia  to  the  first  and  second  Confederate  Con- 
gresses, 1862-1865;  died  in  White  Sulphur  Springs, 
Va.,  August  18,  1881. 

De  La  Matyr,  Gilbert,  a  Representative  from 
Indiana;  born  in  Pharsalia,  N.  Y.,  July  8,  1825; 
pursued  an  academic  course;  studied  theology  and 
was  graduated  in  the  theological  course  of  the  Meth- 
odist Episcopal  church  in  1854;  itinerant  elder  in 
that  church;  member  of  the  general  conference  in 
1868,  and  for  one  term  filled  the  office  of  presiding 
elder;  helped  enlist  the  eighth  regiment  of  New 
York  heavy  artillery  in  1862,  and  was  its  chaplain 
for  three  years;  elected  as  a  National  and  Democrat 
to  the  Forty-sixth  Congress  (March  4, 1879-March3, 
1881). 

De  la  Montanya,  James,  a  Representative 
from  New  York;  born  in  New  York  City  March  20, 
1798;  resided  in  Haverstraw,  N.  Y.;  elected  as  a 
Democrat  to  the  Twenty-sixth  Congress  (March  4, 
1839-March  3, 1841);  died  in  New  York  City,  April 
29,  1849. 

Delano,  Charles,  a  Representative  from  Mas- 
sachusetts; born  in  New  Brain  tree,  Mass.,  June  24, 
1820;  attended  the  public  schools,  and  was  gradu- 
ated from  A.nherst  college  in  1840;  studied  law, 
was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1840,  and  began 
practice  in  Northampton,  Mass.;  appointed  treas- 
urer of  Hampden  county  in  1850;  elected  as  a 
Republican  to  the  Thirty-sixth  and  Thirty-seventh 
Congresses  (March  4,  1859-March  3,  1863);  died  in 
Northampton,  Mass.,  January  23,  1883. 

Delano,  Columbus,  a  Representative  from  Ohio ; 
born  in  Shoreham,  Vt.,  June  4,  1809;  moved  to 
Mount  Vernon,  Ohio,  in  1817;  pursued  an  academic 
course;  studied  law,  and  in  1831  was  admitted 


BIOGRAPHIES. 


601 


to  the  bar;  elected  as  a  Whig  to  the  Twenty-ninth 
Congress  (March  4,  1845-March  3,  1847);  defeated 
by  two  votes  at  the  Whig  state  convention  in  1847 
as  a  candidate  for  the  nomination  for  governor; 
delegate  to  the  Republican  national  convention  in 
Chicago  that  nominated  Lincoln  and  Hamlin; 
served  as  state  commissary  general  of  Ohio  in  1861; 
defeated  by  two  votes  for  the  United  States  Senate 
in  1862;  member  of  the  state  house  of  representa- 
tives in  1863;  delegate  to  the  Republican  na- 
tional convention  in  Baltimore  that  nominated 
Lincoln  and  Johnson;  elected  as  a  Republican  to 
the  Thirty-ninth  and  Fortieth  Congresses  (March 
4,  1865-March  3,  1869);  George  W.  Morgan,  Demo- 
crat, obtained  the  certificate  of  election,  but  was 
unseated,  June  3,  1868,  and  Mr.  Delano  was  given 
the  seat;  appointed  by  President  Grant  Secretary 
of  the  Interior,  November  1,  1870,  which  position 
he  held  until  October  19,  1875,  when  he  resigned; 
died  in  Mount  Vernon,  Ohio,  October  25,  1896. 

De  Lano,  Milton,  a  Representative  from  New 
York;  born  in  Wampsville,  Madison  county,  N.  Y., 
August  11,  1844;  attended  the  common  schools; 
brought  up  a  merchant's  clerk;  merchant  for  eight 
years;  three  times  elected  town  clerk  of  Lenox, 
1867-1869;  twice  elected  sheriff  of  Madison  county, 
N.  Y.,  1873-1875  and  1879-1881;  engaged  in  the 
banking  and  real  estate  business  and  the  manu- 
facture of  window  glass;  aided  in  the  organization 
of  the  Canastota  Northern  railroad  company,  dele- 
gate to  the  national  Republican  convention  in 
Chicago  in  1884;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the 
Fiftieth  and  Fifty-first  Congresses  (March  4,  1887- 
March  3,  1891);  declined  a  renomination  and  re- 
tired from  politics;  became  president  of  the  state 
bank  of  Canastota,  N.  Y. 

Delaplaine,  Isaac  Clason,  a  Representative 
from  New  York;  born  in  New  York  City,  October 
27,  1817;  pursued  an  academic  course;  was  gradu- 
ated from  Columbia  college  in  1834;  studied  law 
and  admitted  to  the  bar;  elected  as  a  Fusionist  to 
the  Thirty-seventh  Congress  (March  4, 1861-March 
3,  1863);  died  in  New  York  City,  July  17,  1866. 

De  Large,  Robert  C.;  a  Representative  from 
South  Carolina;  born  in  Aiken,  S.  C.,  March  15, 
1842;  received  a  limited  schooling;  farmer;  elected 
a  member  of  the  state  constitutional  convention 
in  1868;  member  of  the  state  house  of  representa- 
tives 1868-1870;  elected  state  land  commissioner 
in  1870;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Forty-sec- 
ond Congress  (March  4,  1871-March  3,  1873);  trial 
justice  in  Charleston,  S.  C.,  February  15,  1874. 

De  Leon,  Pablo  Ocampo,  Resident  Commis- 
sioner from  the  Philippine  Islands;  born  in  Manila 
in  1853;  studied  in  St.  Thomas  university,  from 
which  he  was  graduated  in  February,  1882,  studied 
law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  practiced.  Under 
the  Spanish  regime  he  was  secretary  of  the  royal 
court  of  Manila,  prosecuting  attorney  of  the  district 
of  Tondo,  and  secretary  of  the  Bar  Association  of 
Manila;  in  the  Filipino  government  in  Malolos  he 
was  a  representative  of  the  provinces  of  Principe, 
Infanta,  Lepanto,  and  Bontoc,  and  was  elected 
secretary  of  the  Filipino  parliament;  also  appointed 
professor  of  law  of  the  University  of  Malolos;  during 
the  revolution,  and  when  the  Malolos  cause  became 
hopeless,  a  meeting  was  called  in  Manila  by  those 
who  were  willing  to  submit  to  the  American  gov- 
ernment, and  at  this  meeting  he  was  the  only  one 
who  stood  firmly  against  giving  up  the  struggle; 
offered  a  place  on  the  supreme  court  in  the  early 


days,  but  would  not  accept,  and  the  position  of 
Resident  Commissioner  in  the  United  States  is  the 
first  he  has  ever  held  under  the  American  govern- 
ment; at  one  time  he  was  editor  of  La  Patria,  in 
Manila,  publication  of  which  was  suspended  by 
order  of  Gen.  Otis;  counsel  to  the  Economic  As- 
sociation of  the  Philippines;  shortly  after  the  out- 
break of  hostilities  between  the  Americans  and 
Filipinos  he  was  appointed  by  the  government  of 
the  Filipino  republic  its  representative  in  Manila, 
with  unlimited  powers,  and  was  known  to  the 
Americans  as  an  "irreconcilable"  and  deported  to 
Guam,  where  he  remained  two  years;  he  was  par- 
doned and  returned  to  Manila,  after  taking  the  oath 
of  allegiance  to  the  American  government;  elected 
Resident  Commissioner  to  the  United  States  in 
November,  1907,  to  the  Sixtieth  Congress  (March 
4,  1907-March  3,  1909). 

Dellet,  James,  a  Representative  from  Alabama; 
born  in  Camden,  N.  J.,  February  18,  1788;  when 
quite  young  located  in  South  Carolina;  was  gradu- 
ated from  the  University  of  South  C  arolina  in  1810; 
studied  law  and  in  1813  was  admitted  to  the  bar; 
moved  to  Alabama  in  1818  and  located  in  Clai- 
borne;  elected  to  the  first  state  house  of  representa- 
tives under  the  state  government  in  1819  and 
served  as  its  speaker;  reelected  in  1821  and  1825; 
defeated  as  the  Whig  candidate  for  Congress  in 
1833;  elected  as  a  Whig  to  the  Twenty-sixth  Con- 
gress (March  4,  1839-March  3,  1841),  reelected  to 
the  Twenty-eighth  Congress  (March  4,  1843-March 
3, 1845);  died  in  Claiborne,  Ala.,  December  21, 1848. 

Deming,  Benjamin  F.,  a  Representative  from 
Vermont;  born  in  Danville,  Vt.;  pursued  an  aca- 
demic course;  engaged  in  mercantile  pursuits; 
served  sixteen  years  as  clerk  of  the  county  courts; 
elected  as  a  Whig  to  the  Twenty-third  Congress 
and  served  from  March  4,  1833  until  his  death  in 
Saratoga  Springs,  N.  Y.,  July  11,  1834. 

Deming,  Henry  Champion,  a  Representa- 
tive from  Connecticut;  born  in  Colchester,  Conn., 
May  23,  1815;  pursued  classical  studies,  and  was 

fraduated  from  Yale  college  in  1836,  and  from 
larvard  law  school  in  1838  was  admitted  to  the 
bar,  and  began  practice  at  New  York  City;  moved 
to  Hartford,  Conn.,  in  1845;  member  of  the  state 
house  of  representatives  1849,  1350,  1859,  1860,  and 
1861,  and  served  the  last  year  as  speaker;  mem- 
ber of  the  state  senate  in  1851;  entered  the  Union 
army  in  1861  as  colonel  of  the  twelfth  Connecti- 
cut volunteers;  appointed  mayor  of  New  Orleans 
under  martial  law;  several  years  n;ayor  of  Hartford, 
Conn.;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Thirty- 
eighth  and  Thirty-ninth  C  ongresses  (March  4, 1863- 
March  3,  1867);  defeated  for  reelection  to  the  For- 
tieth Congress;  appointed  collector  of  internal  reve- 
nue in  1869,  and  served  until  his  death,  in  Hartford, 
Conn.,  October  9,  1872. 

De  Mott,  Joiia,  a  Representative  from  New 
York;  born  in  Readington,  N.  J.,  October  7,  1790; 
moved  at  an  early  age  to  New  York;  attended  the 
common  schools;  pursued  an  academic  course; 
member  of  the  slate  legislature  in  1833;  elected  as 
a  Democrat  to  the  Twenty-ninth  Congress  (March 
4,  1845-March  ;  was  major  general  of  the 

thirty-eighth  brigade  of  the  state  militia;  super- 
visor in  the  towr.s  of  Covert  end  Lodi  for  several 
terms;  for  more  than,  forty  years  engaged  in  busi- 
ness in  Lodi,  N.  Y.,  and  was  a  prominent  merchant 
and  grain  buyer;  died  in  Lodi,  Seneca  county, 
N.  Y.,  July  31,  1870. 


602 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 


De  Motte,  Mark  Idndsey,  a  Representative 
from  Indiana;  born  in  Rockville,  Ind.,  December 
28,  1832;  was  graduated  in  the  literary  department 
of  the  Asbury  University,  in  Greencastle,  Ind.,  in 
1853,  and  in  the  law  department  of  the  same  uni- 
versity in  1855;  began  the  practice  of  law  in  Valpa- 
raiso during  the  latter  year;  elected  prosecuting  at- 
torney of  his  judicial  circuit  in  1856;  served  in  the 
army  of  the  Union  during  the  rebellion  with  the 
rank  of  captain;  at  the  close  of  the  war  moved  to 
Lexington,  Mo.,  and  entered  the  practice  of  the 
law;  editor  and  proprietor  of  the  Lexington  Regis- 
ter; nominee  of  the  Republicans  of  the  Eleventh 
Missouri  district  for  Congress  in  1872  and  1876; 
returned  to  Valparaiso,  Ind.,  in  1877,  and  resumed 
the  practice  of  his  profession;  elected  as  a  Republi- 
can to  the  Forty-seventh  Congress  (March  4,  1881- 
March  3,  1883) ;  member  of  the  state  senate  1886- 
1890;  in  1890  became  dean  of  the  Northern  Indiana 
law  school;  died  in  Valparaiso,  Ind.,  September 
23,1908.  /.'; 

Denby,  Edwin,  a  Representative  from  Michi- 
gan; born  in  Evansville,  Ind.,  February  18,  1870; 
attended  the  public  schools  and  was  graduated 
from  the  University  of  Michigan;  studied  law,  was 
admitted  to  the  bar,  and  practiced  in  Detroit;  ten 
years  in  the  customs  service  of  China  under  Sir 
Robert  Hart,  while  his  father,  Charles  Denby,  was 
United  States  minister  to  China;  representative  in 
the  Michigan  legislature  of  1903;  served  as  gunner's 
mate,  third  class,  United  States  navy,  on  the 
Yosemite,  in  the  war  with  Spain;  elected  as  a  Re- 
publican to  the  Fifty-ninth,  Sixtieth,  and  Sixty- 
first  Congresses  (March  4,  1905-March  3,  1911);  re- 
sumed the  practice  of  law  in  Detroit. 

Denison,  Charles,  a  Representative  from  Penn- 
sylvania; born  in  Wyoming  Valley,  Pa.,  January  23, 
1816;  was'  graduated  from  Dickinson  college  in 
1829;  studied  law,  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  com- 
menced practice  in  Wilkes-Barre;  elected  as  a  Demo- 
crat to  the  Thirty-eighth,  Thirty-ninth,  and  For- 
tieth Congresses,  and  served  from  December  7, 
1863,  until  his  death  in  Wilkes-Barre,  Pa.,  June  27, 
1827. 

Denison,  Dudley  Chase,  a  Representative 
from  Vermont;  born  in  Royalton,  Vt.,  September 
13,  1819;  was  graduated  from  the  University  of 
Vermont  in  1840;  studied  law,  and  in  1844  was  ad- 
mitted to  the  bar;  member  of  the  state  senate  of 
Vermont  1853-1854,  served  in  the  state  house  of  rep- 
resentatives 1861-1863;  state  attorney  1858-1860; 
elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Forty-fourth  and 
Forty-fifth  Congresses  (March  4,  1877-March  3, 
1881);  died  in  Royalton,  Vt.,  February  10,  1905. 

Dennis,  George  Robertson,  a  Senator  from 
Maryland;  born  in  White  Haven,  Somerset  county, 
Md.,  April  8,  1822;  was  graduated  from  the  poly- 
technic institute  of  Troy,  N.  Y.,  and  then  en- 
tered the  University  of  Virginia;  studied  medicine 
at  the  University  of  Pennsylvania,  and  was  grad- 
uated from  that  institution  in  1842;  delegate 
from  the  state  at  large  to  the  Whig  national 
convention  in  Philadelphia  in  1856,  and  also 
to  the  Democratic  national  convention  in  New 
York  in  1868;  elected  to  the  Maryland  state  senate 
in  1854  and  to  the  house  of  delegates  in  1867  and 
again  to  the  senate  in  1871,  elected  as  a  Democrat 
to  the  United  States  Senate,  and  served  from  March 
4,  1873,  until  March  3,  1879;  died  in  Kingston, 
Md.,  August  13,  1882. 


Dennis,  John,  a  Representative  from  Maryland; 
born  in  "Beverly,"  Worcester  county,  Md.,  De- 
cember 17,  1771;  completed  preparatory  studies  in 
Washington  academy;  entered  Yale,  but  was  not 
graduated;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar 
in  1793  and  practiced  in  Somerset  county;  served 
two  terms  in  the  state  house  of  representatives; 
elected  to  the  Fifth,  Sixth,  Seventh,  and  Eighth 
Congresses  (March  4,  1797-March  3,  1805);  died  in 
Philadelphia,  Pa.,  August  17, 1807. 

Dennis,  John,  a  Representative  from  Maryland; 
born  in  Beckford,  Somerset  county,  Md.,  in  3807; 
completed  preparatory  studies;  studied  law  and 
was  admitted  to  the  bar;  served  in  the  state  house 
of  representatives;  elected  to  the  Twenty-fifth  and 
Twenty-sixth  Congresses  (March  4,  1837-March  3, 
1841);  delegate  to  the  state  constitutional  conven- 
tion in  1850;  died  in  his  rural  home  near  Princess 
Anne,  Md.,  November  1,  1859. 

Dennis,  Littleton  Purnell,  a  Representative 
from  Maryland;  born  in  "Beverly,"  Worcester 
county,  Md.,  July  21,  1786;  was  graduated  from 
Yale  college  in  1803;  studied  law  and  was  admitted 
to  the  bar;  served  several  terms  in  the  Maryland 
state  legislature;  presidential  elector  in  1800,  1812, 
1816,  1824,  and  1828;  elected  as  a  Whig  to  the 
Twenty-third  Congress  and  served  from  March  4, 
1833,  until  his  death  in  Washington,  D.  C.,  April 
14,  1834. 

Dennison,  George,  a  Representative  from 
Pennsylvania;  born  in  Luzerne  county,  Pa.,  July 
22,  1790;  pursued  an  academic  course;  studied  law 
and  was  admitted  to  the  bar;  served  several  years 
as  a  member  of  the  state  legislature;  recorder  of 
Luzerne  county;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the 
Sixteenth  and  Seventeenth  Congresses  (March  4, 
1819-March  3, 1823);  died  in  Wilkes-Barre,  Pa.,  Au- 
gust 21,  1831. 

Denny,  Arthur  Armstrong,  a  Delegate  from 
Washington  territory;  born  in  Salem,  Ind.,  June 20, 
1822;  moved  with  his  parents  to  Illinois  in  1834; 
attended  the  public  schools;  surveyor  of  Knox 
county  1843-1851;  moved  to  Puget  Sound  in  1851; 
member  of  the  Washington  territorial  legislature 
1853-1861;  register  of  the  land  office  in  Olympia 
1861-1865;  elected  to  the  Thirty-ninth  Congress  and 
served  from  December  4,  1865,  to  March  3,  1867; 
died  in  Seattle,  Wash.,  January  9,  1899. 

Denny,  Harmar,  a  Representative  from  Penn- 
sylvania; born  in  Pittsburgh,  Pa.,  May  13,  1794; 
was  graduated  from  Dickinson  college  in  1813; 
studied  law  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar;  served 
one  term  in  the  state  legislature;  elected  as  an 
Anti-Mason  to  the  Twenty-first  Congress  (March  4, 
1829-March  3,  1831);  reelected  as  a  Whig  to  the 
Twenty-second,  Twenty-third,  and  Twenty-fourth 
Congresses  (March  4,  1831-March  3,  1837);  died  in 
Pittsburgh,  Pa.,  January  29,  1852. 

Denny,  James  W.,  a  Representative  from  Mary- 
land; born  in  the  A^alley  of  Virginia  November  20, 
1840;  attended  the  academy  of  Rev.  William 
Johnson,  in  Berry ville;  three  years  at  the  Uni- 
versity of  Virginia;  principal  of  Osage  seminary, 
Osceola,  St.  Glair  county,  Mo.;  returned  to  his 
native  state,  where  he  enlisted  in  company  A, 
thirty-ninth  Virginia  battalion  of  cavalry,  in 
which  he  served  until,  in  1863,  he  was  detailed 
for  service  at  Gen.  R.  E.  Lee's  headquarters, 
where  he  continued  until  the  surrender  at  Ap- 
pomattox  Court-House;  returned  to  his  home  in 


BIOGKAPHIES. 


603 


Clarke  county  and  began  the  study  of  law  in 
Winchester;  after  graduation  and  admission  to  the 
bar,  in  1868,  moved  to  Baltimore  and  began  prac- 
tice; elected  to  the  first  branch  of  the  city  council 
in  1881  and  reelected  in  1882  and  became  its  presi- 
dent; member  of  the  house  of  delegates  of  Mary- 
land in  1888;  colonel  on  the  staff  of  Gov.  E.  E. 
Jackson;  member  of  the  Baltimore  school  board 
for  several  years;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the 
Fifty-sixth  Congress  (March  4,  1899-March  3, 1901); 
reelected  to  the  Fifty-eighth  Congress  (March  4, 
1903-March  3,  1905);  was  defeated  for  the  Fifty- 
seventh  Congress ;  resumed  the  practice  of  law  in 
Baltimore,  Md. 

Denny,  Walter  McKennon,  a  Representative 
from  Mississippi;  born  in  Moss  Point,  Jackson 
county,  Miss.,  October  28-,  1853;  attended  the 
common  schools  and  Roanoke  (Va.)  college,  and 
in  1874  was  graduated  from  the  law  department  of 
the  University  of  Mississippi;  in  November,  1883, 
elected  clerk  of  the  circuit  and  chancery  courts  of 
Jackson  county,  Miss.;  reelected  in  1887  and  1891; 
resigned  January  1,  1895;  delegate  from  Jackson 
county  to  the  state  constitutional  convention  in 
1890;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Fifty-fourth 
Congress  (March  4,  1895-March  3,  1897). 

Denoyelles,  Peter,  a  Representative  from  New 
York;  born  in  Haverstraw,  Rockland  county,  N.  Y., 
in  1766;  completed  a  preparatory  course;  mem- 
ber of  the  state  house  of  representatives  in  1802 
and  1803;  held  several  local  offices;  elected  to  the 
Thirteenth  Congress  (March  4, 1813-March  3, 1815); 
died  in  Haverstraw,  N.  Y.,  May  6,  1829. 

Denson,  William  Henry,  a  Representative 
from  Alabama;  born  in  lichee,  Russell  county, 
Ala.,  March  4,  1846;  left  the  University  of  Ala- 
bama in  1863  to  join  the  Confederate  army; 
worked  on  his  father's  farm  and  read  law;  admitted 
to  the  bar  and  commenced  practice  in  Union 
Springs  in  1868;  moved  to  Lafayette,  Chambers 
county,  Ala.,  in  October,  1870;  elected  a  member 
of  the  lower  house  of  the  general  assembly  in  1876; 
moved  to  Gadsden,  Etowah  county,  in  1877; 
Cleveland  elector  in  1884,  and  appointed  United 
States  district  attorney  for  the  northern  and  middle 
districts  of  Alabama  by  President  Cleveland; 
chairman  of  the  Democratic  state  convention  in 
3890;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Fifty-third 
Congress  (March  4,  1893-March  3,  1895);  moved  to 
Birmingham,  Ala.,  where  he  practiced  law;  died 
in  Birmingham,  Ala.,  September  26,  1906. 

Dent,  George,  a  Representative  from  Mary- 
land; born  in  Charles  county,  Md.,  about  1760; 
pursued  classical  studies;  held  several  local  offices; 
was  first  lieutenant  in  Captain  Thomas  Hanson's 
company  in  Charles  county  in  1776,  and  served  as 
private  in  the  first  regiment  Maryland  line  from 
May  25,  1778,  until  his  discharge  on  April  3,  1779; 
elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Third,  Fourth,  Fifth, 
and  Sixth  Congresses  (March  4,  1793-March  3, 
1801);  elected  Speaker  pro  tempore  April  20,  1798 
(during  the  illness  of  Speaker  Dayton),  and  served 
two  days;  appointed  United  States  marshal  for  the 
Potomac  district  by  President  Jefferson  in  1801; 
died  in  St.  Marys  county,  Md.,  October  15,  1842. 

Dent,  Stanley  Hurbert,  jr.,  a  Representative 
from  Alabama;  born  in  Eufaula,  Ala.,  August  16, 
1869;  was  graduated  from  the  Southern  university, 
of  Greensboro,  Ala.,  in  1886,  and  in  1889  was  grad- 
uated in  law  from  the  University  of  Virginia;  was 


admitted  to  the  bar,  and  practiced  in  Montgomery, 
Ala.,  1889-1909;  appointed  prosecuting  attorney 
for  Montgomery  county;  was  elected  to  the  office, 
and  served  1902-1909;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to 
the  Sixty-first  Congress  (March  4,  1909-March  3. 
1911).  Reelected  to  the  Sixty-second  Congress. 

Dent,  William  B.  W.,  a  Representative  from 
Georgia;  born  in  Maryland;  attended  the  common 
schools;  studied  law  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar; 
began  practice  in  Newnan,  Ga.;  elected  as  a  Dem- 
ocrat to  the  Thirty-third  Congress  (March  4,  1853- 
March  3,  1855);  died  in  Newnan,  Ga.,  September  9, 
1855. 

Denver,  James  Wilson,  a  Representative  from 
California;  born  in  Winchester,  Va.,  May  28,  1817; 
attended  the  public  schools;  moved  to  Missouri  in 
1841  and  taught  school;  studied  law  and  was  ad- 
mitted to  the  bar;  served  as  a  captain  in  the  war 
with  Mexico;  Moved  to  California  in  1850;  ap- 
pointed secretary  of  state;  elected  as  an  anti- 
Broderick  Democrat  to  the  Thirty-fourth  Congress 
(March  4,  1855-March  3,  1857);  appointed  com- 
missioner of  Indian  affairs  April  17,  1857;  resigned 
to  become  governor  of  Kansas  June  17,  1858,  and 
reappointed  November  8,  1858;  served  until 
March  13,  1859;  entered  the  Union  army  in 
1861;  commissioned  brigadier  general  August  14, 
1861;  resigned  position  in  the  army  March  5,  1863; 
practiced  his  profession  in  Washington,  D.  C.,  and 
Wilmington,  Ohio;  died  in  Washington,  D.  C., 
August  9,  1892. 

Denver,  Matthew  Rpmbach,  a  Representa- 
tive from  Ohio;  born  in  Wilmington,  Ohio,  Decem- 
ber 21,  1870;  attended  the  public  schools  and 
Georgetown  (D.  C.)  university;  farmer,  banker,  and 
manufacturer;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Six- 
tieth and  Sixty-first  Congresses  (March  4,  1907- 
March  3,  1911).  Reelected  to  the  Sixty-second  Con- 
gress. 

Depew,  Chauncey  Mitchell,  a  Senator  from 
New  York;  born  in  Peekskill,  N.  Y.,  April  23, 1834; 
was  graduated  from  Yale  college  in  1856;  read  law 
and  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1858;  began  prac- 
tice the  following  year;  elected  to  the  assembly  in 
1861,  and  reelected  in  1862;  secretary  of  state  in 
1863;  refused  a  renomination ;  appointed  minister 
to  Japan  and  confirmed  by  the  Senate,  but  de- 
clined; appointed  attorney  for  the  New  York  and 
Harlem  railroad  company  in  1866;  identified  with 
the  Vanderbilt  system  of  railroads  as  general  coun- 
sel; became  president  of  the  New  York  Central 
and  Hudson  River  railroad  in  1885;  resigned  in 
1899  to  become  chairman  of  the  board  of  directors 
of  the  Vanderbilt  system;  appointed  county  clerk 
of  Westchester  county  by  Gov.  Fenton  in  1867 
and  resigned;  elected  immigration  commissioner 
in  1870,  but  declined;  boundary  commissioner  in 
1875;  candidate  for  lieutenant  governor  on  the 
Liberal  Republican  or  Greeley  ticket  in  1872; 
elected  regent  of  the  state  university  and  ap- 
pointed one  of  the  commissioners  to  build  the 
state  capitol  in  1874;  unsuccessful  candidate 
for  United  States  Senator  in  1881,  to  succeed 
Thomas  C.  Platt;  candidate  for  the  presidential 
nomination  in  the  Republican  national  conven- 
tion in  Chicago  in  1888,  and  received  99  votes; 
delegate  at  large  to  the  Republican  national  con- 
vention of  1892,  1896,  and  1900;  orator  on  the  un- 
veiling of  the  Statue  of  Liberty  in  New  York  Har- 
bor, and  on  several  other  notable  occasions;  elected 
as  a  Republican  to  the  United  States  Senate;  was 


604 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 


reelected,  and  served  from  March  4, 1899,  to  March 

3,  1911;  resumed  legal  and  corporate  business  in 
New  York  City. 

De  Saussure,  William  Ford,  a  Senator  from 
South  Carolina;  born  in  Charleston,  S.  C.,  in  1792; 
was  graduated  from  Harvard  college  in  1810; 
studied  law  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar  and  prac- 
ticed in  Charleston;  was  a  member  of  the  state  legis- 
lature for  several  terms;  appointed  and  subse- 
quently elected  to  the  United  States  Senate  to  fill 
vacancy  caused  by  the  resignation  of  B.  Barnwell 
Rhett,  and  served  from  May  10,  1852,  to  March  3, 
1853;  died  in  Charleston,  S.  C.,  in  1870. 

Desha,  Joseph,  a  Representative  from  Ken- 
tucky; born  in  Pennsylvania,  December  9,  1768; 
moved  to  Kentucky  in  1781'  served  in  the  Indian 
wars;  member  of  the  state  legislature;  elected  to 
the  Tenth  and  to  the  five  succeeding  Congresses 
(March  4,  1807-March  3,  1815);  governor  of  Ken- 
tucky 1824-1828;  died  in  Georgetown,  Ky.,  Octo- 
ber 11,  1842. 

Desha,  Robert,  a  Representative  from  Ten- 
nessee; native  of  Pennsylvania;  while  quite  young 
immigrated  to  Tennessee;  attended  public  schools; 
served  as  captain  and  brigade  major  in  the  war  of 
1812;  elected  to  the  Twentieth  and  Twenty-first 
Congresses  (March  4,  1827-March  3,  1831);  died  in 
Mobile,  Ala.,  February  8,  1849. 

Deuster,  Peter  Victor,  a  Representative  from 
Wisconsin;  born  near  Aix  la  Chapelle,  in  Rhenish 
Prussia,  Germany,  February  13,  1831;  pursued 
an  academic  course;  emigrated  with  his  parents 
to  the  United  States  in  May,  1847,  and  located  in 
Milwaukee,  Wis.;  entered  a  printing  office;  pub- 
lished and  edited  the  first  literary  paper  in  Mil- 
waukee, and  in  1856  became  editor  of  the  Mil- 
waukee See-Bote,  a  daily  Democratic  paper; 
elected  to  the  lower  house  of  the  state  legislature 
in  1862,  and  member  of  the  state  senate  in  1870 
and  1871;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Forty-sixth, 
Forty-seventh,  and  Forty-eighth  Congresses  (March 

4,  1879-March  3,  1885);  died  in  Milwaukee,  Wis., 
December  31,  1904. 

De  Vries,  Marion,  a  Representative  from  Cali- 
fornia; born  near  Woodbridge,  San  Joaquin  county, 
Cal.,  August  15, 1865;  attended  the  public  schools; 
was  graduated  from  San  Joaquin  Valley  college  in 
Woodbridge  in  1886,  and  from  the  law  department 
of  the  University  of  Michigan  in  1888 ;  was  admitted 
to  the  bar  and  practiced  in  Michigan  in  1887  and  in 
California  the  same  year;  commenced  practice  in 
Stockton,  Cal.,  January  1, 1889;  assistant  district  at- 
torney for  San  Joaquin  county  from  January,  1893,  to 
February,  1897;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Fifty- 
fifth  and  Fifty-sixth  Congresses,  and  served  from 
March  4,  1897,  to  August  19,  1900,  when  he  re- 
signed to  accept  a  place  on  the  Board  of  General 
Appraisers  in  New  York  City:  resigned  from  the 
Board  of  General  Appraisers,  April,  1910,  and  was 
appointed  associate  judge  United  States  court  of 
customs  appeals,  which  position  he  now  holds. 

Dwart,  Lewis,  a  Representative  from  Pennsyl- 
vania; born  in  Sunbury,  Pa.,  November  14,  1780; 
attended  the  common  schools;  postmaster  at  Sun- 
bury,  1805^-1816;  elected  to  the  state  house  of 
representatives,  1812-1818;  member  of  the  state 
senate  in  1832;  elected  as  a  Jackson  Democrat  to 
the  Twenty  vsecond  Congress  (March  4,  1831- 
March  3,  1833);  reelected  to  the  state  house  of 
representatives  in  1837  and  1839  and  served  aa 


speaker  in  1837;  chief  burgess  of  Sunbury,  1837; 
died  in  Sunbury,  Pa.,  May  12,  1852. 

Dewart,  William  Lewis,  a  Representative  from 
Pennsylvania;  born-  in  Sunbury,  Pa.,  June  21, 
1821;  attended  the  common  schools;  was  graduated 
from  Dickinson  college;  studied  law  and  was 
admitted  to  the  bar  in  1850;  chief  burgess  of  Sun- 
bury  in  1847;  president  of  school  board;  delegate 
to  the  Democratic  national  conventions  of  1852 
1856,  1860,  and  1884;  defeated  as  a  Democratic 
candidate  for  the  Thirty-fourth  Congress;  elected 
as  a  Democrat  to  the  Thirty-fifth  Congress  (March 
4,  1857-March  3,  1859);  defeated  for  reelection; 
died  in  Sunbury,  Pa.,  April  19,  1888. 

Deweese,  John  T.,  a  Representative  from 
North  Carolina;  born  in  Crawford  county,  Ark., 
June  4,  1835;  studied  law  and  was  admitted  to  the 
bar;  entered  the  Union  army  in  1861;  resigned  his 
position  as  lieutenant  in  the  army  and  appointed 
register  in  bankruptcy  for  North  Carolina;  elected 
as  a  Republican  to  the  Fortieth  and  Forty-first 
Congresses,  and  served  from  July  6,  1868,  to  Feb- 
ruary 28,  1870,  when  he  resigned. 

Dewey,  Daniel,  a  Representative  from  Massa- 
chusetts; born  in  Sheffield,  Mass.,  January  29, 1766; 
attended  Yale  college;  studied  law  and  vras  ad- 
mitted to  the  bar;  treasurer  of  Williams  college 
1798-1814;  member  of  the  governor's  council  1809- 
1812;  elected  to  the  Thirteenth  Congress,  and  served 
from  May  24,  1813,  to  February  24,  1814,  when  he 
resigned;  appointed  by  Gov.  Strong  a  judge  of 
the  supreme  court  of  Massachusetts  in  1814,  and 
served  until  his  death  in  Williamstown,  Pa.,  May 
26,  1815. 

De  Witt,  Alexander,  a  Representative  from 
Massachusetts;  born  in  New  Braintree,  Mass., 
April  2, 1798;  pursued  an  academic  course;  became 
a  manufacturer  and  erected  a  spinning  mill  in 
Oxford;  member  of  the  state  house  of  representa- 
tives 1830-1836;  state  senator  1842,  1844, 1850,  and 
1851;  member  of  the  constitutional  convention  of 
1853;  elected  as  a  Native  American  to  the  Thirty- 
third  and  Thirty-fourth  Congresses  (March  4,  1853- 
March  3,  1857);  defeated  for  reelection;  died  in 
Oxford,  Mass.,  January  13,  1879. 

De  Witt,  Charles,  a  Delegate  from  New  York; 
born  in  Kingston,  N.  Y.,  in  1728;  pursued  classical 
studies;  member  of  the  colonial  assembly  1768-1776; 
delegate  to  the  provisional  convention  of  1775; 
member  of  the  provisional  congress  1776-1777 ;  of  the 
constitutional  committee  1776;  of  the  committee 
of  safety  1777;  elected  to  the  Continential  Con- 
gress from  February  to  October,  1784;  member  of 
the  state  assembly  from  July,  1781  to  July,  1785r 
and  again  in  1788;  died  in  Kingston  N.  Y.,  Septem- 
ber 12,  1788. 

De  Witt,  Charles  G.,  a  Representative  from 
New  York;  born  in  Newburgh/  N.  Y.,  in  1802; 
elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Twenty-first  Congress 
(March  4,  1829-March  3,  1831);  appointed  chargS 
d'affaires  to  Central  America  January  29,  1833; 
returned  home  in  February,  1839,  and  died  in  his 
home  in  Newburgh,  N.  Y.,  April  13,  1839. 

De  Witt,  David  Miller,  a  Representative  from 
New  York;  born  in  Paterson,  N.  J.,  November  25, 
1837 ;  completed  preparatory  studies ;  was  graduated 
from  Rutgers  college,  New  Brunswick,  June,  1858; 
studied  law  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1858; 
elected  district  attorney  of  Ulster  county  in  1862 
and  in  1865;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Forty- 


BIOGRAPHIES. 


605 


third  Congress  (March  4,  1873-March  3,  1875); 
member  of  state  assembly  in  1883;  surrogate  of 
Ulster  county  from  November  20,  1885  to  Decem- 
ber 31,  1886; 

De  Witt,  Francis  B.,  a  Representative  from 
Ohio;  born  in  Jackson  county,  Ind.,  March  11, 1849; 
moved  with  his  parents  in  1854  to  a  farm  in  Dela- 
ware county,  Ohio;  enlisted  in  the  Forty-sixth 
Ohio  regiment  at  the  age  of  twelve  and  served  at  the 
battle  of  Shiloh  and  during  the  Corinth  campaign; 
mustered  out  for  temporary  disability,  and  reen- 
listed  in  18G2,  in  the  one  hundred  and  twenty-first 
Ohio  regiment,  served  until  the  close  of  the  war; 
prisoner  of  war  at  Salisbury,  Danville,  and  Libby; 
attended  the  common  school,  the  high  school  in 
Galena,  Ohio,  the"  National  normal  school  in 
Lebanon,  Ohio,  and  the  Ohio  Wesleyan  university 
in  Delaware;  taught  school  for  five  terms;  admitted 
to  practice  law  in  1875,  and  followed  his  profession 
in  Paulding  until  1891;  moved  to  his  farm;  elected 
on  the  Republican  ticket  in  1891  to  represent 
Paulding  county  in  the  state  legislature;  reelected 
in  1893,  from  which  position  he  resigned  on  March 
4,  1895;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Fifty-fourth 
Congress  (March  4,  1895-March  3,  1897). 

De  Witt,  Jacob  H.,  a  Representative  from  New 
York;  born  in  Ulster  county,  N.  Y.,  in  1784; 
elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Sixteenth  Congress 
(March  4,  1819-March  3,  1821);  member  of  the  state 
house  of  representatives  in  1839  and  again  in  1847 ; 
died  in  Kingston,  N.  Y.,  January  30,  1857. 

De  Wolf,  James,  a  Senator  from  Rhode  Island; 
born  in  Bristol,  R.  I.,  March  18,  1764;  was  engaged 
in  extensive  commercial  ventures  principally  with 
Cuba  and  other  West  India  islands;  member  of  the 
Rhode  Island  assembly  for  twenty-one  years; 
elected  to  the  United  States  Senate  and  served 
from  March  4,  1821,  to  October  25,  1825,  when  he 
resigned;  died  in  New  York  City,  December  21, 
1837. 

Dexter,  jr.,  Samuel,  a  Representative  and  a 
Senator  from  Massachusetts;  born  in  Massachusetts 
May  14,  1761;  was  graduated  from  Harvard  college 
in  1781;  studied  law  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar; 
member  of  the  state  house  of  representatives  1788- 
1790;  elected  as  a  Federalist  to  the  Third  Congress 
(March  4,  1793-March  3,  1795);  elected  to  the 
United  States  Senate  and  served  from  March  4, 
1799,  until  he  resigned  in  May  30,  1800;  appointed 
Secretary  of  War  by  President  Adams  May  13, 
1800;  and  Secretary  of  the  Treasury  December  31, 
1800;  declined  the  mission  to  Spain  offered  him 
by  President  Madison;  died  in  Athens,  N.  Y., 
May  3,  1816;  interment  in  Boston,  Mass. 

Dezendorf ,  John  Frederick,  a  Representative 
from  Virginia;  born  in  Lansingburg,  N.  Y.,  August 
10,  1834;  pursued  an  academic  course;  learned  the 
carpenter's  trade;  studied  architecture,  surveying, 
and  civil  engineering;  engaged  on  railroad  and 
other  buildings  at  Toledo  and  Cleveland,  Ohio, 
1850-1860;  mercantile  pursuits  1860-1862;  moved 
to  Norfolk,  Va.,  in  1863,  and  engaged  in  the  ship- 
ping business  until  1866;  city  and  county  surveyor 
of  Norfolk  city  and  county  1866-1869;  assistant 
assessor  of  the  United  States  internal  revenue 
1869-1871;  appraiser  of  merchandise  at  the  Norfolk 
customhouse  1872-1877;  delegate  to  the  national 
Republican  convention  in  Cincinnati  in  1876;  de- 
feated as  the  Republican  candidate  for  Congress  in 
1878 ;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Forty-seventh 
Congress  (March  4,  1881-March  3,  1883);  died  in 
Norfolk,  Va.,  June  22,  1894. 


Dibble,  Samuel,  a  Representative  from  South 
Carolina;  born  in  Charleston,  S.  C.,  September  16, 
1837;  pursued  an  academic  course  in  Bethel,  Conn., 
and  Charleston;  entered  the  College  of  Charleston 
in  1853,  and  was  graduated  from  Wofford  college, 
Spartanburg,  S.  C.,  in  1856;  engaged  in  teaching; 
studied  law  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1859, 
and  commenced  practice  in  Orangeburg,  S.  C.; 
volunteered  at  the  beginning  of  the  Civil  war  as 
a  private  in  the  Confederate  army,  and  served  until 
its  close  in  the  first  and  twenty-first  regiments  of 
South  Carolina  volunteers  and  attained  the  rank  of 
first  lieutenant;  resumed  the  practice  of  law  in 
Orangeburg,  S.  C.;  elected  a  member  of  the  state 
house  of  representatives  in  1877;  trustee  of  the 
University  of  South  Carolina  in  1878;  chairman  of 
executive  committee  of  South  Carolina  agricul- 
tural college  and  mechanics'  institute  for  colored 
students  (a  branch  of  the  state  university) ;  pre- 
sented credentials  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Forty -sev- 
enth Congress  to  fill  the  vacancy  caused  by  the 
death  of  Michael  P.  O'Connor,  but  Mr.  O'Connor's 
claim  to  an  election  having  been  successfully  con- 
tested by  Edmund  W.  M.  Mackey,  the  seat  was 
given  the  latter  on  May  31,  1882;  elected  to  the 
Forty-eighth,  Forty-ninth,  Fiftieth,  and  Fifty-first 
Congresses  (March  4,  1883-March  3,  1891). 

Dibrell,  George  Gibbs,  a  Representative  from 
Tennessee;  born  in  Sparta,  White  county,  Tenn., 
April  12,  1822;  attended  the  common  schools  and 
East  Tennessee  university;  engaged  in  farming; 
was  county  court  clerk  of  White  county,  Tenn., 
for  sixteen  years;  member  of  the  legislature  of  Ten- 
nessee; member  of  the  state  convention  that  framed 
a  constitution;  held  several  local  offices;  volun- 
teered in  the  Confederate  army  as  a  private,  and 
promoted  to  brigadier  general;  elected  as  a  Demo- 
crat to  the  Forty-fourth,  and  to  the  four  succeed- 
ing Congresses  (March  4,  1875-March3,  1885);  died 
in  Sparta,  White  county,  Tenn.,  May  9,  1888. 

Dick,  Charles  William  Frederick,  a  Repre- 
sentative and  a  Senator  from  Ohio;  born  in  Akron, 
Ohio,  November  3,  1858;  studied  law  and  was  ad- 
mitted to  the  bar;  practiced  in  Akron;  served  in 
the  eighth  Ohio  volunteer  infantry  in  Cuba  in  the 
war  with  Spain;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the 
Fifty-fifth,  Fifty-sixth,  Fifty-seventh,  and  Fifty- 
eighth  Congresses  (March  4,  1897;  served  until  his 
resignation  March  23, 1904);  elected  March  1,  1904, 
to  the  United  States  Senate  to  fill  vacancy  caused 
by  the  death  of  Marcus  A.  Hanna;  reelected  in 
1905,  and  served  from  March  23,  1904  to  March  3, 
1911. 

Dick,  John,  a  Representative  from  Pennsylva- 
nia; born  in  Pittsburgh,  Pa.,  June  17,  1794;  at- 
tended the  common  schools;  elected  as  a  Whig  to 
the  Thirty-third  Congress,  and  as  a  Republican  to 
the  Thirty-fourth  and  Thirty-fifth  Congresses 
(March  4,  1853-March  3,  1859);  died  in  Meadville, 
Pa.,  May  29,  1872. 

Dick,  Samuel,  a  Delegate  from  New  Jersey;  na- 
tive of  New  Jersey;  completed  preparatory  studies; 
studied  medicine ;  Delegate  in  the  Continental  Con- 
gress in  1783-1784;  died  in  New  Jersey  in  Novem- 
ber, 1812. 

Dick,  Samuel  Bernard,  a  Representative  from 
Pennsylvania;  born  in  Meadville,  Pa.,  October  26, 
1836;  attended  Allegheny  college,  Meadville,  Pa.; 
engaged  in  banking;  enlisted  and  commanded  com- 
pany F,  ninth  regiment  Pennsylvania  reserve 
corpp;  severely  wounded  in  Dranesvillo,  Va.,  De- 


606 


CONGRESSIONAL   DIRECTOKY. 


cember  20,  1861;  subsequently  served  as  colonel  of 
the  regiment  to  February,  1863,  when  he  resigned; 
in  July,  1873,  commanded  brigade  of  Pennsylvania 
state  militia  in  West  Virginia;  Presidential  elec- 
tor in  1864;  mayor  of  Meadville  in  1870;  elected  as 
a  Republican  to  the  Forty-sixth  Congress  (March  4, 
1879-March  3,  1881);  president  of  the  Pittsburgh 
and  Lake  Erie  railroad  company  until  April,  1900; 
died  in  Meadville,  Pa.,  May  10,  1907. 

Dickens,  Samuel,  a  Representative  from  North 
Carolina;  born  in  North  Carolina;  pursued  an  aca- 
demic course;  elected  to  the  Fourteenth  Congress 
to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  the  death  of  Richard 
Stanford,  and  served  from  December  2,  1816,  to 
March  3,  1817. 

Dickerman,  Charles  Heber,  a  Representative 
from  Pennsylvania;  born  in  Harford,  Susquehanna 
county,  Pa.,  February  3, 1843;  attended  the  public 
schools  of  his  native  village  and  Harford  university; 
taught  school  several  years;  three  years  Democratic 
chairman  of  Northumberland  county,  and  a  dele- 
gate to  the  national  Democratic  convention  of 
1892;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Fifty-eighth 
Congress  (March  4,  1903-March  3,  1905). 

Dickerson,  Mahlon,  a  Senator  from  New  Jer- 
sey; born  in  Hanover,  N.  J.,  April  17,  1770;  was 
graduated  from  Princeton  college  in  1789;  studied 
law  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1793;  located 
in  Philadelphia,  Pa.,  and  admitted  to  practice  in 
the  Pennsylvania  courts  in  1797 ;  held  several  mu- 
nicipal offices;  state  commissioner  of  bankruptcy 
in  1802;  adjutant  general  1805-1808;  recorder  of 
the  city  1808-1810;  removed  to  Morris  county,  N.  J., 
in  1810;  representative  in  state  legislature  1812- 
1813;  a  justice  of  the  state  supreme  court  1813-1814; 

fovernor  1815-1817;  elected  to  the  United  States 
enate,  reelected  in  1823;  served  from  March  4, 
1817,  to  January  30, 1829,  when  he  resigned;  imme- 
diately reelected,  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  the  re- 
signation of  Ephraim  Bateman,  and  served  under 
this  election  from  January  30,  1829,  to  March  3, 
1833*;  declined  the  mission  to  Russia  in  1834;  Secre- 
tary of  the  Navy  under  President  Jackson  and  reap- 
pointed  by  President  Van  Buren;  served  from  June 
30,  1834,  to  June  25,  1838;  United  States  district 
judge,  district  of  New  Jersey;  delegate  to  the  state 
constitutional  convention  of  ]  844 ;  died  in  Succa- 
sunna,  Morris  county,  N.  J.,  October  5,  1853. 

Dickerson,  Philemon,  a  Representative  from 
New  Jersey;  born  in  Succasunna,  Morris  county,  N. 
J.,in  1788;  pursued  classical  studies;  attended  the 
University  of  Pennsylvania ;  studied  law  and  was 
admitted  to  the  bar  in  1813,  and  began  practice  in 
Paterson,  N.  J.,  in  1813;  member  of  the  assembly 
from  Essex  county  in  1821  and  1822;  elected  as  a 
Democrat  to  the  Twenty- third  and  Twenty-fourth 
Congresses,  and  served  from  March  4,  1833,  until 
November  3,  1836,  when  he  resigned,  having  been 
elected  governor  of  New  Jersey;  elected  to  the 
Twenty-sixth  Congress  (March  4,  1839-March  3, 
1841);  appointed  judge  of  the  United  States  dis- 
trict court  for  the  district  of  New  Jersey;  died  in 
Paterson,  N.  J.,  December  10,  1862. 

Dickerson,  William  Worth,  a  Representative 
from  Kentucky;  born  in  Grant  county,  Ky.,  No- 
vember 29,  1851;  attended  the  public  schools  and 
the  private  school  of  N.  M.  Lloyd,  in  Crittenden, 
Ky. ;  read  law  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1872; 
elected  county  attorney  in  August,  1874,  for  a  term 
of  four  years;  member  of  the  state  house  of  repre- 
sentatives in  December,  1885;  member  of  the  state 


senate,  1887-1891;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the 
Fifty-first  Congress  June  21,  1890,  to  fill  vacancy 
caused  by  the  resignation  of  John  G.  Carlisle,  re- 
elected  to  the  Fifty-second  Congress  and  served 
from  June  30,  1890  until  March  3,  1893;  resumed 
the  practiced  of  law  in  Cincinnati,  Ohio. 

Dickey,  Henry  L..,  a  Representative  from  Ohio; 
born  in  South  Salem,  Ross  county,  Ohio,  October 
29,  1832;  attended  Greenfield  academy;  pursued 
the  vocation  of  a  civil  engineer,  and  in  that  ca- 
pacity had  charge  of  the  construction  of  the  Mari- 
etta and  Cincinnati  railroad  in  Vinton  county, 
Ohio;  resigned  in  1855;  studied  law  and  was  admit- 
ted to  the  bar;  attended  the  Cincinnati  law  school 
and  was  graduated  in  1859;  elected  in  1860  to  the 
general  assembly  of  Ohio,  and  in  1867  to  the  state 
senate ;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Forty-fifth  and 
Forty-sixth  Congresses  (March  4,  1877-March  3, 
1881);  resumed  the  practice  of  law  in  Greenfield, 
Ohio. 

Dickey,  Jesse  C.,  a  Representative  from  Penn- 
sylvania; born  in  Chester  county,  Pa.;  elected  as  a 
Whig  to  the  Thirty-first  Congress  (March  4,  1829- 
March  3,  1831). 

Dickey,  John,  a  Representative  from  Pennsyl- 
vania; born  in  Greensburg,  Westmoreland  county, 
Pa.,  June  23,  1794;  completed  preparatory  studies; 
appointed  postmaster  of  Old  Brighton  April  11, 
1818;  served  as  sheriff  1824-1827;  elected  as  a  Whig 
to  the  Twenty-eighth  Congress  (March  4,  1843- 
March  3,  1845);  reelected  to  the  Thirtieth  Con- 
gress (March  4,  ]847-March  3,  1849);  was  senator 
in  the  state  legislature  1835  and  1837 ;  appointed 
U"nited  States  marshal  for  the  western  district  of 
Pennsylvania  in  1852;  died  in  Beaver,  Pa.,  March 
14,  1853. 

Dickey,  Oliver  James,  a  Representative  from 
Pennsylvania;  born  in  Old  Brighton,  Pa.,  April  6, 
1823;  completed  preparatory  studies;  attended 
Pennsylvania  college;  studied  law  and  was  admit- 
ted to  the  bar  in  1844;  district  attorney  for  Lan- 
caster county,  1856-1859;  elected  to  the  Fortieth 
Congress  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  the  death  of 
Thaddeus  Stevens;  reelected  as  a  Republican  to 
the  Forty-first  and  Forty-second  Congresses,  and 
served  from  December  7,  1868  to  March  3,  1873; 
died  in  Lancaster,  Pa.,  April  21,  1876. 

Dickinson,  Clement  Cabell,  a  Representative 
from  Missouri;  born  December  6,  1849,  in  Prince 
Edward  county,  Va.;  was  graduated  from  Hamp- 
den  Sidney  college,  Virginia,  in  June,  1869;  taught 
school  in  Virginia,  Kentucky,  and  Missouri; 
located  in  Clinton,  Mo.,  in  September,  1872; 
studied  law  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1875; 
elected  prosecuting  attorney  of  Henry  county, 
Mo.,  in  1876,  and  served  three  terms  of  two  years 
each;  was  Democratic  presidential  elector  in  1896; 
elected  to  the  state  house  of  representatives  in 
1900,  and  served  one  term  of  two  years;  was 
elected  to  the  state  senate  in  1902,  and  served  one 
term  of  four  years;  appointed  a  member  of  the 
board  of  regents  of  the  state  normal  school  at 
Warrensburg,  Mo.,  in  1907,  for  a  term  of  six  years; 
was  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Sixty-first  Con- 
gress, to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  the  death  of  David 
A.  De  Armond,  and  served  from  February  7,  1910, 
to  March  3,  1911.  Reelected  to  the  Sixty-second  Con- 
gress. 

Dickinson,  Daniel  Stevens,  a  Senator  from 
New  York;  born  in  Goshen,  Conn.,  September  11, 
1800;  moved  with  his  parents  to  Chenango  county, 


BIOGRAPHIES. 


607 


N.  Y.,  in  1806;  attended  the  public  schools;  studied 
law  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1826;  began 
practice  in  Binghamton,  N.  Y.,  in  1831;  state  sen- 
ator, 1837-1840;  lieutenant  governor,  president  of 
the  senate,  and  president  of  the  court  of  errors, 
1842-1844;  delegate  to  the  national  Democratic 
convention  and  a  presidential  elector  on  the  Polk 
ticket  in  1844;  appointed  as  a  Democrat  to  the 
United  States  Senate  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by 
the  resignation  of  Nathaniel  P.  Tallmadge,  and 
afterwards  elected  and  served  from  November  30, 
1844,  to  March  3,  1851;  delegate  to  the  national 
Democratic  convention  of  1852;  elected  attorney 
general  of  the  state  in  1861;  delegate  to  the  Repub- 
lican national  convention  of  1864;  United  States 
district  attorney  for  the  southern  district  of  New 
York;  died  in  New  York  City  April  12,  1866. 

Dickinson,  David  W.,  a  Representative  from 
Tennessee;  born  in  Franklin,  Tenn.,  in  1807;  com- 
pleted preparatory  studies;  elected  as  a  Democrat 
to  the  Twenty-third  Congress  (March  4,  1833- 
March  3,  1835);  elected  as  a  Whig  to  the  Twenty- 
eighth  Congress;  prevented  on  account  of  his  failing 
health  from  attending  the  last  session;  died  near 
Murfreesboro,  Tenn.,  April  27,  1845. 

Dickinson,  Edward,  a  Representative  from 
Massachusetts;  born  in  Amherst,  Mass.,  January  1, 
1803;  was  graduated  from  Yale  college  in  1823; 
studied  law  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1826; 
began  practice  in  Amherst;  treasurer  of  Amherst 
college  several  years;  member  of  the  state  house  of 
representatives  in  1839,  and  of  the  state  senate 
1842-1843,  and  of  the  governor's  council  1846-1847; 
elected  as  a  Whig  to  the  Thirty-third  Congress 
(March  4,  1853-March  3,  1855);  again  a  member  of 
the  state  house  of  representatives  in  1873;  died  in 
Boston,  Mass.,  June  16,  1874. 

Dickinson,  Edward  Fenwick,  a  Representa- 
tive from  Ohio;  born  in  Fremont,  Ohio,  January  21, 
1829;  completed  preparatory  studies;  was  graduated 
from  the  St.  Xavier  college,  Cincinnati,  Ohio; 
studied  law  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar;  began 
practicing  in  Fremont,  Ohio;  served  in  the  Union 
army  for  over  three  years  as  lieutenant  quarter- 
master of  the  eighth  Ohio  infantry;  prosecuting 
attorney  for  Sandusky  county,  Onio,  1852  and 
1854;  elected  judge  of  the  Sandusky  county  pro- 
bate court  in  1866;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the 
Forty-first  Congress  (March  4,  1869-March  3,  1871); 
died  in  Fremont,  Sandusky  county,  Ohio,  August 
25,  1891. 

Dickinson,  John,  a  Delegate  from  Delaware  and 
Pennsylvania;  born  in  Talbot  county,  Md.,  Novem- 
ber 8, 1732;  completed  preparatory  studies;  studied 
law  in  Philadelphia  and  at  the  Temple  in  London; 
admitted  to  the  bar  and  began  practice  in  Philadel- 
phia; member  of  the  Pennsylvania  assembly  in 
1764;  Delegate  to  the  Colonial  Congress  in  1765, 
elected  from  Pennsylvania  to  the  Continental 
Congress  in  1774-1776  and  from  Delaware  in  1779- 
1780;  brigadier  general  of  Pennsylvania  militia; 
president  of  the  state  of  Delaware  1781;- re  turned  to 
Philadelphia  and  in  1782-1785  president  of  Penn- 
sylvania; died  in  Wilmington,  Del.,  February  14, 
1808. 

Dickinson,  John  D.,  a  Representative  from  New 
York;  born  in  Middlesex  county,  Conn.,  in  1767; 
was  graduated  from  Yale  college  in  1785;  studied 
law,  and  after  being  admitted  to  the  bar  began 
practice  in  Troy,  N.  Y.;  member  of  the  state  house 
of  representatives  in  1817;  elected  as  a  Federalist 


to  the  Sixteenth  and  Seventeenth  Congresses 
(March  4,  1819-;March  3, 1823);  reelected  as  a  Whig 
to  the  Twentieth  and  Twenty-first  Congresses; 
(March  4,  1827-March  3,  1831);  died  in  Troy,  N.  Y., 
January  28,  1841. 

Dickinson,  Philemon,  a  Delegate  from  Dele- 
ware  and  a  Senator  from  New  Jersey;  born  in 
"Crosiadore,"  near  Reeds  Creek,  Talbot  county, 
Md.,  April  5,  1739;  completed  preparatory  studies; 
attended  the  University  of  Pennsylvania;  studied 
law  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar;  studied  medicine 
and  began  practice  in  Trenton;  served  in  the  army 
of  the  Revolution,  commanding  the  New  Jersey 
militia,  and  was  commissioned  brigadier  general; 
delegate  to  the  New  Jersey  provincial  congress  in 
1776;  elected  a  Delegate  to  the  Continental  Con- 
gress, 1781;  major  general  and  commander  in  chief 
New  Jersey  troops  in  1777;  elected  to  the  United 
States  Senate,  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  the  resig- 
nation of  William  Patterson  and  served  from 
November  23,  1790,  to  March  3,  1793;  died  in  the 
"Hermitage,"  near  Trenton,  N.  J.,  February  9, 
1809. 

Dickinson,  Budolphus,  a  Representative  from 
Ohio;  born  in  Hatfjeld,  Mass.,  December  28,  1797; 
attended  the  public  schools;  was  graduated  from 
Williams  college;  studied  law  and  was  admitted  to 
the  bar;  appointed  first  prosecuting  attorney  of 
Seneca  county;  moved  to  Lower  Sandusky,  Ohio; 
member  of  the  board  of  public  works  of  Ohio  1836- 
1845;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Thirtieth  and 
Thirty-first  Congresses,  and  served  from  March  4, 
1847,  until  his  death  in  Washington,  D.  C.,  March 
12,  1849. 

Dickson,  David,  a  Representative  from  Miss- 
issippi; a  resident  of  Jackson,  Miss.;  elected  as  a 
Democrat  to  the  Twenty-fourth  Congress,  and 
served  from  March  4,  1835,  until  his  death  in  1836. 

Dickson,  Frank  Stoddard,  a  Representative 
from  Illinois;  born  in  Hillsboro,  111.,  October  6, 
1876;  lawyer;  was  graduated  from  the  grammar 
school  and  entered  the  high  school  in  Decatur,  111., 
graduating  from  that  institution  in  the  classics  in 
1896;  served  in  the  fourth  Illinois  volunteer  infan- 
try in  the  war  with  Spain ;  elected  to  the  Fifty- 
ninth  Congress  (March  4,  1905-March  3,  1907); 
appointed  assistant  adjutant  general  of  Illinois" in 
1908;  adjutant  general  of  Illinois  January  1,  1910, 
serving  in  that  capacity  at  present. 

Dickson,  John,  a  Representative  from  New 
York;  born  in  Keene,  N.  H.,  June  1, 1783;  was  grad- 
uated from  Middlebury  college  in  1808;  studied 
law  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1812;  began 
practice  in  West  Bloomfield,  N.  Y.;  member 
of  the  state  house  of  representatives  in  1829-1830; 
elected  as  a  Whig  to  the  Twenty-second  and 
Twentv-third  Congresses  (March  4,  1831-March  3, 
1835);  died  in  West  Bloomfield,  N.  Y.,  February 
22,  1852. 

Dickson,  Joseph,  a  Representative  from  North 
Carolina;  born  in  Chester  county,  Pa.,  in  April, 
1745;  was  elected  a  member  of  the  North  Carolina 
house  of  commons  in  1775;  and  the  following  year 
was  commissioned  captain  in  the  colonial  army. 
He  served  under  Col.  McDowell  in  1780,  and  at  the 
battle  of  King's  Mountain  as  major  of  the  "Lincoln 
County  Men"  rendered  heroic  service;  in  1781  he 
opposed  Lord  Cornwallis's  invasion  of  the  state, 
and  for  brave  and  efficient  conduct  was  promoted 


608 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 


colonel  and  retired  at  the  end  of  the  war  with  the 
rank  of  general;  state  senator  1788-1795,  and  during 
this  time  was  appointed  one  of  a  commission 
to  establish  the  University  of  North  Carolina; 
elected  to  the  Sixth  Congress  (March  4,  1799- 
March  3,  1801);  and  when  the  election  of  President 
of  the  United  States  devolved  upon  the  House  of 
Representatives  his  vote  helped  elect  Thomas 
Jefferson  over  Aaron  Burr  by  one  majority;  he 
died  in  Fayetteville,  Tenn.,  in  1825. 

Dickson,  Samuel,  a  Representative  from  New 
York;  born  in  Onondaga  county,  N.  Y.,  March  3, 
1807;  completed  preparatory  studies;  studied  medi- 
cine and  practiced  in  New  Scotland,  N.  Y.; 
elected  as  a  Whig  to  the  Thirty-fourth  Congress 
(March  4,  1855-March  3,  1857);  died  in  New  Scot- 
land, N.  Y.,  May  3,  1858. 

Dickson,  William,  a  Representative  from 
Tennessee;  born  in  North  Carolina;  moved  with 
his  parents  to  Tennessee  in  1795;  attended  the 
common  schools;  devoted  himself  to  agricultural 
pursuits;  studied  medicine  and  practiced  in  Nash- 
ville for  many  years;  member  of  the  state  house  of 
representatives  from  1799-1803;  and  served  as 
speaker;  elected  to  the  Seventh,  Eighth,  and  Ninth 
Congresses  (March  4,  1801-March  3,  1807);  died  in 
Nashville,  Tenn.,  in  February,  1816. 

Dickson,  William  Alexander,  a  Representative 
from  Mississippi;  born  in  Centerville,  Wilkinson 
county,  Mo.,  July  20,  1861;  attended  private  and 
public  schools,  Pleasant  Grove  school,  Centenary 
college,  Jackson,  La.,  and  Vanderbilt  university; 
engaged  in  farming;  read  law  under  Chief  Justice 
H.  F.  Simrall,  but  did  not  practice;  supervisor 
1886-1888;  representative  in  the  state  legislature 
1887-1893;  school  commissioner  of  Wilkinson 
county;  presidential  elector  on  the  Parker  and 
Davis  ticket  in  1904;  trustee  of  the  Agricultural 
and  Mechanical  college,  Starkville,  Miss.,  and  of 
the  Edward  Magehee  college,  Woodville,  Miss.,  for 
five  years;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Sixty-first 
Congress  (March  4,  1909-March  3,  1911).  Reelected 
to  the  Sixty-second  Congress. 

Diekema,  Gerritt  John,  a  Representative  from 
Michigan;  born  in  Holland,  Mich.,  March  27,  1859; 
was  graduated  from  Hope  college  in  1881  and  from 
the  law  department  of  the  University  of  Michigan 
in  1883;  mayor,  city  attorney,  and  member  of  the 
legislature  four  consecutive  terms,  beginning  in 
1885;  at  the  session  of  1889  chosen  speaker  of  the 
house  of  representatives;  was  chairman  of  the 
Michigan  Republican  state  central  committee  in 
five  campaigns;  delegate  to  the  national  convention 
in  1896;  member  of  the  Spanish  Treaty  Claims 
Commission,  which  position  he  resigned  to  make 
the  race  for  Congress;  elected  as  a  Republican 
to  the  Sixtieth  Congress  April  27,  1907,  to  fill 
vacancy  caused  by  the  resignation  of  William 
Alden  Smith;  reelected  to  the  Sixty-first  Congress 
and  served  from  December  2,  1907,  to  March  3, 
1911;  resumed  the  practice  of  law  in  Holland,  Mich. 

Dies,  Martin,  a  Representative  from  Texas; 
born  in  Jackson  parish,  La.,  March  13,  1870; 
moved  with  his  parents  to  Texas  in  1876;  attended 
the  common  schools;  studied  law  and  was  ad- 
mitted to  the  bar  in ;  county  judge  of  Tyler 

county  in  1894;  district  attorney  of  the  first  judi- 
cial district  of  Texas  in  1898;  elected  as  a  Democrat 
to  the  Sixty-first  Congress  (March  4,  1909-March  3, 
1911).  Reelected  to  the  Sixty-second  Congress. 


Dietrich,  Charles  Henry,  a  Senator  from 
Nebraska;  born  in  Aurora,  111.,  November  26,  1853; 
moved  to  Dead  wood,  S.  Dak.,  in  the  winter  of 
1875-1876;  located  in  Hastings,  Nebr.,  in' 1878;  en- 
gaged in  mercantile  business;  organized  the  Ger- 
man National  bank  in  1887,  and  became  its 
president;  elected  governor  in  1900;  elected  as 
a  Republican  to  the  United  States  Senate  to  fill 
vacancy  caused  by  the  death  of  Monroe  L.  Hay- 
ward  and  served  from  March  28,  1901,  to  March 
3,  1905;  reengaged  in  business  in  Hastings,  Nebr. 

DUlingham,  Paul,  jr.,  a  Representative  from 
Vermont;  born  in  Shutesbury,  Mass.,  August  6, 
1800;  moved  with  his  father  to  Waterbury,  Vt., 
1805;  pursued  an  academic  course;  studied  law 
and  in  1824  was  admitted  to  the  bar;  began  prac- 
tice in  Waterbury,  Vt.;  justice  of  the  peace  1826- 
1844;  town  clerk  of  Waterbury  1829-1844;  prose- 
cuting attorney  for  Washington  county  1835-1838; ' 
delegate  to  the  state  constitutional  convention 
1836-1837 ;  member  of  the  state  house  of  representa- 
tives 1836-1840,  and  of  the  state  senate  1841  and 
1842;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Twenty-eighth 
and  Twenty-ninth  Congresses  (March  4,  1843- 
March  3,  1845);  during  the  Civil  War  he  became 
lieutenant  governor,  and  in  1866  governor  of  Ver- 
mont; resumed  the  practice  of  law  until  80  years 
of  age  and  died  in  his  home  in  Waterbury,  Vt., 
July  26,  1891. 

DUlingham,  William  Paul,  a  Senator  from 
Vermont;  born  in  Waterbury,  Vt.,  December  12, 
1843;  pursued  an  academic  course;  studied  law 
and  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1867;  state  attor- 
ney for  Washington  county  two  terms;  commis- 
sioner of  state  taxes  for  several  years;  member  of 
the  Vermont  house  of  representatives  in  1876  and 
again  in  1884;  state  senator  from  Washington 
county  in  1878  and  again  in  1880;  governor  of  Ver- 
mont from  1888  to  1890;  elected  as  a  Republican  to 
the  United  States  Senate  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by 
the  death  of  Justin  S.  Morrill  and  took  his  seat 
December  3,  1900;  reelected  for  the  term  expiring 
March  4,  1915. 

Dimmick,  Milo  Melankthon,  a  Representative 
from  Pennsylvania;  born  in  Milford,  Pike  county, 
Pa.,  October  12,  1812;  pursued  classical  studies; 
studied  law  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar;  began 
practice  in  Stroudsburg,  Pa.;  elected  as  a  Demo- 
crat to  the  Thirty-first  and  Thirty-second  Con- 
gresses (March  4,  1849-March  3,  1853);  resumed 
the  practice  of  law;  defeated  for  president  judge 
of  the  twenty-second  judicial  circuit  of  Pennsyl- 
vania in  1853;  died  in  Mauch  Chunk,  Pa.,  Novem- 
ber 22,  1872. 

Dimmick,  William  Harrison,  a  Representative 
from  Pennsylvania;  born  in  Milford,  Pa.,  Decem- 
ber 20,  1815;  completed  preparatory  studies; 
studied  law  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and 
began  practice  in  Honesdale,  Pa.;  prosecuting 
attorney  for  Wayne  county  1836-37;  member  of 
the  state  senate  1845,  1846,  and  1847;  elected  as  a 
Democrat  to  the  Thirty-fifth  and  Thirty-sixth 
Congresses  (March  4,  1857-March  3,  1861);  died  in 
Honesdale,  Pa.,  August  2,  1861. 

Dimock,  Davis,  jr.,  a  Representative  from 
Pennsylvania;  native  of  Susquehanna  county,  Pa.; 
elected  to  the  Twenty-seventh  Congress  and  served 
from  May  31, 1841,  untilhis  death,  in  Montrose,  Pa., 
January  13,  1842. 


BIOGKAPHIES. 


609 


Dingley,  Nelson,  jr.,  a  Representative  from 
Maine;  born  in  Durham,  Androscoggin  county, 
Me.,  February  15,  1832,  was  graduated  from  Dart- 
mouth college  in  1855;  studied  law  and  was  ad- 
mitted to  the  bar,  but  left  the  profession  to  become 
proprietor  and  editor  of  the  Lewiston  (Me.)  Journal 
in  1856;  member  of  the  state  house  of  representa- 
tives in  1862-1865,  1868,  and  1873;  speaker  of  the 
house  in  1863  and  1864 ;  governor  of  Maine  in  1874 
and  1875;  delegate  to  the  national  Republican  con- 
vention in  1876;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the 
Forty-seventh  Congress  at  a  special  election  Sep- 
tember 12,  1881,  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  the 
resignation  of  William  P.  Frye;  reelected  to  the 
Forty-eighth,  and  to  the  eight  succeeding  Con- 
gresses, and  served  from  December  5,  1881,  until 
his  death;  chairman  of  the  Committee  on  Ways 
and  Means  during  the  Fifty-fourth  and  Fifty-fifth 
Congresses;  died  in  Washington,  D.  C.,  January  13, 
1899. 

Dinsmoor,  Samuel,  a  Representative  from 
New  Hampshire;  born  in  Windham,  N.  H.,  July  1, 
1766;  pursued  classical  studies;  was  graduated  from 
Harvard  college  in  1789;  studied  law  and  was  ad- 
mitted to  the  bar;  began  practice  in  Keene,  N.  H. ; 
elected  as  a  War  Democrat  to  the  Twelfth  Congress 
(March  4, 1811-March  3,  1813);  defeated  for  reelec- 
tion to  the  Thirteenth  Congress;  state  councilor 
in  1821;  presidential  elector  on  the  Monroe  ticket 
in  1821;  defeated  as  a  candidate  for  governor; 
judge  of  probate  of  Cheshire  county  1823-1831; 
member  of  the  boundary  commission  which  estab- 
lished the  line  between  New  Hampshire  and  Mas- 
sachusetts in  1825;  governor  of  New  Hampshire 
1831-1833;  died  in  Keene,  N.  H.,  March  15,  1834. 

Dinsmore,  Hugh  Anderson,  a  Representative 
from  Arkansas;  born  in  Benton  county,  Ark., 
December  24,  1850;  attended  private  schools  of 
Benton  and  Washington  counties;  studied  law  in 
Bentonville;  appointed  clerk  of  the  circuit  court 
for  Benton  county  in  April,  1873;  was  admitted  to 
the  bar;  moved  to  Fayetteville  in  April,  1875,  and 
engaged  in  practice;  in  September,  1878,  elected 
prosecuting  attorney  of  the  fourth  judicial  district; 
reelected  in  1880  and  1882;  presidential  elector  in 
1884  on  the  Democratic  ticket;  in  January,  1887, 
appointed  by  President  Cleveland  minister  resi- 
dent and  consul  general  to  the  Kingdom  of  Korea 
and  served  until  May  25,  1890;  elected  as  a  Dem- 
ocrat to  the  Fifty-third  and  to  the  five  succeeding 
Congresses  (March  4,  1893-March  3,  1905).  After 
retirement  from  Congress  resumed  the  practice  of 
law  in  Washington  county,  Ark. 

Disney,  David  Tiernan,  a  Representative  from 
Ohio;  born  in  Baltimore,  Md.,  August  25,  1803; 
attended  the  common  schools;  moved  with  his 
parents  to  Ohio  in  1807;  studied  law,  admitted  to 
the  bar,  and  began  practice  in  Cincinnati;  member 
of  the  state  house  of  representatives  for  several 
years,  and  served  as  speaker  three  years;  took  an 
active  part  in  the  Mexican  war;  elected  as  a  Dem- 
ocrat to  the  Thirty -first,  Thirty-second,  and  Thirty- 
third  Congresses  (March  4,  1849-March  3,  1855); 
tendered  a  mission  to  Spain  by  President  Buchanan 
but  declined;  died  in  Washington,  D.  C.,  March  14, 
1857. 

Diven,  Alexander  Samuel,  a  Representative 
from  New  York;  born  in  Catharine,  N.  Y.,  Feb- 
ruary 10,  1809;  attended  the  common  schools  and 
the  academies  in  Penn  Yan  and  Ovid,  N.  Y.; 
studied  law  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1833; 
began  practice  in  Elmira;  member  of  the  state 

50346°— S.  Doc.  654,  61-2 39 


senate  in  1858;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the 
Thirty-seventh  Congress  (March  4,  1861-March  3, 
1863);  served  in  the  Civil  war  and  was  commis- 
sioned brigadier  general  by  brevet;  prominently 
identified  with  the  Erie  railroad;  died  in  Elmira, 
N.  Y.,  June  11,  1896. 

Dix,  John  Adams,  a  Senator  from  New  York; 
born  in  Boscawen,  N.  H.,  July  24,  1798;  completed 
preparatory  studies;  served  through  the  War  of 
1812;  studied  law,  and  after  having  made  a  Euro- 
pean tour,  was  admitted  to  the  bar  and  began  prac- 
tice in  Cooperstown,  N.  Y.;  adjutant  general  of 
New  York  1831-1833;  secretary  of  the  Democratic 
national  convention  in  Baltimore  in  1828;  secretary 
of  state  of  New  York  1833-1839;  regent  of  the  uni- 
versity, member  of  the  council,  and  canal  commis- 
sioner; member  of  the  state  house  of  representa- 
tives in  1842;  Free-soil  candidate  for  governor  in 
1848;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  United  States 
Senate  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  the  resignation 
of  Silas  Wright,  jr.,  and  served  from  January 
18,  1845,  to  March  3,  1849;  appointed  postmaster  of 
the  city  of  New  York  in  1860;  Secretary  of  the 
Treasury  January  11,  1861,  to  March  3,  1861; 
served  in  the  Union  army  as  major  general  1861- 
1865;  United  States  minister  to  France  from  Sep- 
tember 24, 1866,  to  May  23,  1869;  governor  of  New 
York  1873-1875;  defeated  as  the  Republican  candi- 
date for  governor  in  1874  and  as  the  Republican 
candidate  for  mayor  of  New  York  City  in  1876; 
president  of  the  Erie  railroad  and  also  of  the 
Union  Pacific  railroad;  died  in  New  York  City 
April  21,  1879. 

Dixon,  Archibald,  a  Senator  from  Kentucky; 
born  in  Caswell  county,  N.  C.,  April  2, 1802;  moved 
with  his  father  to  Henderson  county,  Ky.,  in  1805; 
attended  the  common  schools;  studied  law  and  was 
admitted  to  the  bar,  and  began  practice  in  Hender- 
son, Ky . ;  member  of  the  state  house  of  representa- 
tives in  1830  and  1841  and  of  the  state  senate  in 
1836;  lieutenant  governor  in  1843;  member  of  the 
state  constitutional  convention  in  1849;  elected  as 
a  Whig  to  the  United  States  Senate  to  fill  va- 
cancy caused  by  the  death  of  Henry  Clay,  and 
served  from  September  1, 1852,  until  March  3, 1855; 
delegate  to  the  Frankfort  peace  convention  in  1863 ; 
died  in  Henderson,  Ky.,  April  23,  1876. 

Dixon,  James,  a  Representative  and  a  Senator 
from  Connecticut;  born  in  Enfield,  Conn.,  August 
5,  1814;  was  graduated  from  Williams  college  in 
1834;  studied  law  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar; 
member  of  the  state  house  of  representatives  1837- 
1838  and  1844;  elected  as  a  Whig  to  the  Twenty- 
ninth  and  Thirtieth  Congresses  (March  4,  1845- 
March  3,  1849);  again  elected  to  the  state  house  of 
representatives  in  1854;  defeated  as  a  candidate 
for  the  United  States  Senate;  elected  as  a  Repub- 
lican to  the  United  States  Senate  in  1856;  reelected 
and  served  from  March  4,  1857,  to  March  3,  1869; 
defeated  as  a  Democratic  candidate  for  the  United 
States  Senate  in  1868;  defeated  as  a  Democratic 
candidate  for  Representative  to  the  Forty-first 
Congress;  died  in  Hartford,  Conn.,  March  27,  1873. 

Dixon,  Joseph,  a  Representative  from  North 
Carolina;  born  in  Green  county,  April  28,  1828; 
elected  to  the  Fortv-first  Congress  to  fill  vacancy 
caused  by  the  death  of  David  Heaton;  took  his 
seat  December  5,  1870,  and  served  until  March  3, 
1871. 

Dixon,  Joseph  Moore,  a  Representative  and  a 
Senator  from  Montana;  born  in  Snow  Camp,  N.  C., 


610 


CONGRESSIONAL   DIRECTORY. 


July  31,  1867;  attended  Earlham  college,  Rich- 
mond, Ind.,  and  was  graduated  from  Guilford  col- 
lege, North  Carolina,  May,  1889;  was  admitted  to  the 
bar  December,  1892;  moved  to  Missoula,  Mont.; 
assistant  prosecuting  attorney,  Missoula  county 
1893-1895;  prosecuting  attorney  1894-1897;  mem- 
ber of  the  Montana  legislature  in  1900;  elected  as 
a  Republican  to  the  Fifty-eighth  and  Fifty-ninth 
Congresses  (March  4,  1903-March  3,  1907);  elected 
to  the  United  States  Senate  for  the  term  beginning 
March  4,  1907. 

Dixon,  Lincoln,  a  Representative  from  Indiana; 
born  in  Vernon,  Jennings  county,  Ind.,  February 
9,  1860;  attended  the  Vernon  academy  and  was 
graduated  from  the  Indiana  state  university  in 
1880;  began  the  practice  of  law  in  North  Vernon  in 
1882;  was  elected  prosecuting  attorney  for  the  sixth 
judicial  circuit  in  1884;  reelected  in  1886, 1888,  and 
1890;  member  of  the  Democratic  state  committee 
from  1897  until  nominated  for  Congress  in  1904; 
was  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Fifty-ninth,  Six- 
tieth, and  Sixty-first  Congresses  (March  4,  1905- 
March  3,  1911).  Reelected  to  the  Sixty-second  Con- 


Dixon,  Nathan  Fellows,  a  Senator  from  Rhode 
Island;  born  in  Plainfield,  Conn.,  December  13, 
1774 ;  was  graduated  from  Brown  university  in  1799 ; 
studied  law,  and  in  1802  was  admitted  to  the  bar; 
began  practice  in  Westerly,  R.  I.;  member  of  the 
general  assembly  1813-1830;  elected  as  a  Whig  to 
the  United  States  Senate,  and  served  from  March 
4,  1839,  until  his  death  in  Washington,  D.  C.,  Janu- 
ary 29,  1842. 

Dixon,  Nathan  Fellows,  a  Representative 
from  Rhode  Island;  born  in  Westerly,  R.  I.,  May 
1,  1812;  pursued  classical  studies  and  was  gradu- 
ated from  Brown  university;  studied  law  in  the 
Cambridge  and  New  Haven  law  schools  and  was 
admitted  to  the  bar  in  1837;  member  of  the 
general  assembly  of  Rhode  Island  1840-1849, 
1851,  1852,  1855-^1863;  appointed  member  of  the 
governor's  council  in  1842;  presidential  elector  in 
1844;  elected  as  a  Whig  to  the  Thirty-first  Congress 
(March  4,  1849-March  3,  1851);  elected  as  a  Repub- 
lican to  the  Thirty -eighth,  Thirty-ninth,  Fortieth, 
and  Forty-first  Congresses  (March  4,  1863-March  3, 
1871);  declined  to  be  a  candidate  for  reelection ;  re- 
sumed the  practice  of  law;  again  elected  to  the 
general  assembly  from  1872  to  1877;  died  in  West- 
erly, R.  I.,  April  11,  1881. 

Dixon,  Nathan  Fellows,  a  Representative 
and  a  Senator  from  Connecticut;  born  in  Westerly, 
R.  I.,  August  28,  1847;  fitted  for  college  in  Westerly 
and  at  Phillips  academy,  Andover;  was  graduated 
from  Brown  university  in  1869;  studied  law  with 
his  father,  Nathan  F.  Dixon,  and  at  the  Albany  law 
school;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1871,  and 
practiced  in  New  York,  Rhode  Island,  and  Con- 
necticut; appointed  United  States  district  attorney 
for  the  district  of  Rhode  Island  by  President 
Grant  in  1877  and  reappointed  in  1881;  elected  as 
a  Republican  to  the  Forty-eighth  Congress,  to  fill 
vacancy  caused  by  the  resignation  of  Jonathan 
Chace  and  served  from  February  12, 1885  to  March 
3,  1885;  elected  to  the  United  States  Senate  to  fill 
vacancy  caused  by  the  resignation  of  Jonathan 
Chace,  and  served  from  April  10,  1889,  to  March  3, 
1895;  died  in  Westerly,  R.  I.,  November  8,  1897. 

Dixon,  William  Wirt,  a  Representative  from 
Montana;  born  in  Brooklyn,  N.  Y.,  June  3,  1838; 
moved  to  Illinois  in  1843  and  went  to  Keokuk, 


Iowa,  in  1849;  read  law  in  Keokuk,  and  was  admit- 
ted to  the  bar  in  1858;  lived  in  Tennessee  and  Ar- 
kansas in  1860;  went  to  California  in  1862,  and  then 
to  Humboldt  county,  Nev.;  removed  to  Montana 
in  1866;  and  resided  in  Helena  and  Deer  Lodge  un- 
til 1879;  spent  two  years  in  the  Black  Hills;  re- 
turned to  Montana  in  1881  and  settled  in  Butte; 
engaged  in  the  practice  of  law;  member  of  the  leg- 
islative assembly  of  Montana  Territory  1871-1872; 
member  of  the  constitutional  conventions  of  Mon- 
tana in  1871-1872;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the 
Fifty-second  Congress  (March  4,  1891-March  3, 
1893);  defeated  for  reelection  in  1893;  candidate 
for  the  United  States  Senate,  but  the  legislature 
failed  to  elect;  died  in  Los  Angeles,  Cal.,  Novem- 
ber 13,  1910. 

Doan,  Robert  Eachus,  a  Representative  from 
Ohio;  born  in  Clinton  county,  Ohio,  July  23,  1834; 
attended  the  common  schools  and  completed  an 
academic  course;  taught  school  three  years  in 
southern  Ohio,  and  studied  law;  was  graduated 
from  the  Cincinnati  law  school  April  15,  1857; 
was  admitted  to  the  bar;  continued  in  practice  in 
Wilmington ;  editor  of  the  Wilmington  Watchman  in 
1859-1860;  prosecuting  attorney  for  Clinton  county 
in  1862;  held  an  important  secret  position  under 
Abraham  Lincoln  connected  with  the  Post  Office 
Department  during  the  war;  elected  a  Garfield 
presidential  elector  in  1880;  elected  as  a  Repub- 
lican to  the  Fifty-second  Congress  (March  4,  1891- 
March  3,  1893).  After  retirement  from  Congress 
resumed  the  practice  of  law  in  Washington,  D.  C. 

Doan,  William,  a  Representative  from  Ohio; 
native  of  Maine;  attended  the  common  schools; 
moved  to  Ohio,  where  he  held  several  local  offices; 
elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Twenty-sixth  and 
Twenty-seventh  Congresses  (March  4,  1839-March 

3,  1843). 

Dobbin,  James  Cochrane,  a  Representative 
from  North  Carolina;  born  in  Fayetteville,  N.  C., 
in  1814 ;  was  graduated  from  the  University  of  North 
Carolina  in  1832;  studied  law  and  was  admitted  to 
the  bar  in  1835;  began  practice  in  Fayetteville; 
elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Twenty-ninth  Con- 
gress (March  4,  1845-March  3,  1847);  declined  to  be 
a  candidate  for  reelection;  member  of  the  house  of 
commons  in  1848,  1850,  and  1852,  and  in  1850  was 
speaker;  delegate  to  the  national  Democratic  con- 
vention in  Baltimore  in  1852;  Secretary  of  the  Navy 
under  President  Pierce  from  March  7,  1853,  to 
March  6,  1857;  died  in  Fayetteville,  N.  C.,  August 

4,  1857. 

Dobbins,  Samuel  Atkinson,  a  Representative 
from  New  Jersey;  born  in  Mount  Holly,  Burlington 
county,  N.  J.,  April  14,  1814;  completed  prepara- 
tory studies  and  engaged  in  farming;  high  sheriff 
of  Burlington  county  1854-1857;  member  of  the 
state  legislature  1859-1862;  elected  as  a  Republican 
to  the  Forty- third  and  Forty-fourth  Congresses 
(March  4,  1873-March  3,  1877);  died  in  Mount 
Holly,  N.  J.,  May  21,  1886. 

Dockery,  Alexander  Monroe,  a  Representa- 
tive from  Missouri;  born  in  Livingston  county, 
Mo.,  February  11,  1845;  attended  the  common 
schools  and  Macon  academy,  Macon,  Mo.;  studied 
medicine,  and  was  graduated  from  the  St.  Louis 
medical  college  in  March,  1865;  also  attended  lec- 
tures at  Bellevue  college,  New  York  City,  and  Jef- 
ferson medical  college,  Philadelphia,  during  the 
winter  of  1865-1866;  practiced  medicine  in  Chilli- 
cothe,  Mo.;  served  as  county  physician  of  Livings- 
ton county;  abandoned  medicine  in  March,  1874, 


BIOGRAPHIES. 


611 


and  moved  to  Gallatin,  Mo.,  and  assisted  in  organ- 
izing the  Farmers'  exchange  bank,  of  which  he 
was  cashier;  one  of  the  curators  of  the  University 
of  Missouri  from  1872  to  1882;  1870-1872  president 
of  the  board  of  education  of  Chillicothe,  Mo.; 
chairman  of  the  congressional  committee  of  his 
district;  member  of  the  city  council  of  Gallatin  for 
the  five  years  previous  to  April,  1883;  served  the 
last  two  years  as  mayor;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to 
the  Forty-eighth  and  to  the  seven  succeeding  Con- 
gresses (March  4,  1883-March  3,  1899);  elected 
governor  of  Missouri  in  November,  1900,  for  the 
term  of  1901-1905. 

Dockery,  Alfred,  a  Representative  from  North 
Carolina;  born  in  Richmond  county,  N.  C.,  De- 
cember 11,  1797;  planter;  member  of  the  North 
Carolina  house  of  commons  in  1822  and  of  the  state 
senate  1836-1844;  elected  as  a  Whig  to  the  Twenty- 
ninth  Congress  (March  4,  1845-March  3,  1847); 
declined  to  be  a  candidate  for  reelection;  elected 
to  the  Thirty-second  Congress  (March  4,  1851- 
March  3, 1853);  defeated  as  the  Whig  candidate  for 
governor  in  1854 ;  died  in  his  residence  in  Richmond 
county,  N.  C.,  December  7,  1875. 

Dockery,  Oliver  Hart,  a  Representative  from 
North  Carolina;  born  in  Richmond  county,  N.  C., 
August  12,  1830;  completed  preparatory  studies, 
and  in  1848  was  graduated  from  the  University  of 
North  Carolina;  farmer;  member  of  the  state  legis- 
lature 1858-1859;  served  a  short  time  in  the  Con- 
federate service,  but  withdrew  and  took  a  bold 
stand  for  the  reestablishment  of  the  Federal  gov- 
ernment; elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Fortieth 
and  Forty-first  Congresses  (March  4,  1867-March  3, 
1871);  was  United  States  consul  general  in  Rio  de 
Janeiro,  Brazil,  South  America,  1899-1903;  died 
in  Baltimore,  Md.,  February  22,  1906. 

Dodd,  Edward,  a  Representative  from  New 
York;  was  born  in  Salem,  Washington  county, 
N.  Y.,  1805;  attended  the  public  schools;  became 
engaged  in  mercantile  pursuits;  clerk  of  Washing- 
ton county  1835-1844;  delegate  to  the  state  con- 
stitutional convention  in  1846;  elected  as  a  Whig 
to  the  Thirty-fourth  and  Thirty-fifth  Congresses 
(March  4,  1855-March  3,  1859);  United  States  mar- 
shal for  the  northern  district  of  New  York  from 
April,  1863,  to  April,  1869;  died  in  Argyle,  N.  Y., 
March  1,  1891. 

Doddridge,  Philip,  a  Representative  from  Vir- 
ginia; was  born  in  Wellsbury,  W.  Va.,  May  17, 
1773;  reared  on  a  farm;  studied  law  and  was  ad- 
mitted to  the  bar  in  1797;  member  of  the  house  of 
delegates  of  Virginia  1815-1816,  and  again  from 
1822-1823;  delegate  to  the  Virginia  constitutional 
convention  in  1829 ;  elected  to  the  Twenty-first  and 
Twenty-second  Congresses  (March  4,  1829-March  3, 
1833)  without  opposition,  serving  until  his  death, 
which  occurred  in  Washington,  D.  C.,  November 
19,  1832. 

Dodds,  Francis  Henry,  a  Representative  from 
Michigan;  born  in  Louisville,  St.  Lawrence  county 
N.  Y.,  June  9,  1858;  moved  with  his  parents  to 
Isabella  county,  Mich.,  in  1866;  was  graduated 
from  Olivet  college,  Mich.;  studied  law  in  the 
University  of  Michigan,  was  admitted  to  the  bar, 
and  practiced  in  Bay  City,  Mich.,  1884-1886,  and 
in  Mount  Pleasant,  Mich,  continuously  since; 
served  as  city  attorney  of  Mount  Pleasant;  member 
of  the  board  of  education;  elected  as  a  Republican 
to  the  Sixty-first  Congress  (March  4,  1909-March  3, 
1911.)  Reelected  to  the  Sixty-second  Congress. 


Dodds,  Ozro  T.,  a  Representative  from  Ohio; 
born  in  Cincinnati,  Ohio,  March  22,  1840;  attended 
city  schools  and  Cincinnati  college;  in  1861  en- 
listed in  the  twentieth  Ohio  volunteers  and  was 
transferred  to  the  eighth  Ohio;  became  lieutenant 
colonel  of  the  first  Alabama  cavalry;  at  the  close  of 
the  war  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and 
practiced  in  Cincinnati ;  representative  in  the  state 
legislature  1870-1872;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the 
Forty -second  Congress,  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by 
the  resignation  of  Aaron  F.  Perry,  and  served  from 
December  2,  1872,  until  March  3,  1873;  died  in 
Columbus,  Ohio,  April  8,  1882. 

Dodge,  Augustus  Caesar,  a  Representative 
fromlowa;  born  in  Sainte  Genevieve,  Mo.,  January 
2,  1812;  completed  preparatory  studies;  moved  to 
Burlington,  Iowa,  where  he  became  register  of  the 
land  office,  1838-1840;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the 
Twenty-sixth,  Twenty-seventh,  Twenty-eighth, 
and  Twenty-ninth  Congresses  (March  4,  1839- 
March  3,  1847);  on  the  admission  of  Iowa  as  a  state 
was  elected  to  the  United  States  Senate  and  served 
from  December  7,  1848,  until  his  resignation,  Feb- 
ruary 8,  1855;  minister  to  Spain  from  February  9, 
1855,  to  March  12,  1859;  delegate  to  the  Democratic 
national  convention  in  Chicago  in  1864;  elected 
mayor  of  Burlington  on  an  independent  ticket 
February  2,  1874;  died  in  Burlington,  Iowa,  No- 
vember 20,  1883. 

Dodge,  Grenville  Mellen,  a  Representative 
from  Iowa;  born  in  Danvers,  Mass.,  April  12,  1831; 
completed  preparatory  studies,  and  was  graduated 
at  the  military  university,  Norwich,  Vt.;  studied 
civil  engineering;  chief  engineer  of  the  Union 
Pacific  railroad;  entered  the  Union  army  as  a  cap- 
tain and  left  the  service  as  a  major  general;  elected 
as  a  Republican  to  the  Fortieth  Congress  (March  4r 
1867-March  3,  1869);  located  in  New  York  City, 
but  still  retains  residence  in  Council  Bluffs, 
Iowa;  president  of  Society  of  Army  of  Tennessee;, 
president  of  New  York  Cpmmandery  of  Loyal 
Legion;  president  of  commission  to  inquire  into- 
the  management  of  the  war  with  Spain;  exten- 
sively interested  in  western  railroad  building  and 
management;  vice  president  of  the  Grant  Monu- 
ment Association. 

Dodge,  Henry,  a  Delegate  and  a  Senator  from 
Wisconsin;  born  in  Vincennes,  Ind.,  October  12, 
1782;  received  a  limited  schooling;  emigrated  to 
Missouri;  served  in  the  Black  Hawk  and  other 
Indian  wars;  left  the  army  as  colonel  of  the  first 
United  States  dragoons,  July,  1836;  governor  of 
Wisconsin  from  July  4,  1836,  to  1841;  elected  as  a 
Democrat  to  the  Twenty-seventh  and  Twenty- 
eighth  Congresses  (March  4,  1841-March  3,  1845); 
again  appointed  governor  of  Wisconsin,  February  6, 
1846;  elected  to  the  United  States  Senate  in  1848; 
reelected  and  served  from  June  8,  1848,  to  March  3, 
1857;  died  in  Burlington,  Iowa,  June  19,  1867. 

Dodge,  William  Earle,  a  Representative  from 
New  York;  born  in  Hartford,  Conn.,  September  4, 
1805;  completed  preparatory  studies;  moved  to 
New  York  in  1818;  became  a  clerk  in  a  store,  and 
in  1826  commenced  business  on  his  own  account; 
established  the  house  of  Phelps,  Dodge  &  Co.,  of 
which  he  was  the  head  for  forty  years;  delegate  to 
the  peace  convention  of  1861;  successfully  con- 
tested the  election  of  James  Brooks  to  the  Thirty- 
ninth  Congress  and  served  from  April  6,  1866,  until 
March  3,  1867;  presidential  elector  in  1872;  died  in 
New  York  City,  February  9,  1883. 


612 


CONGRESSIONAL   DIRECTORY. 


Doe,  Nicholas  B.,  a  Representative  from  New 
York;  native  of  New  York;  was  elected  as  a  Whig 
to  the  Twenty-sixth  Congress  to  fill  vacancy  caused 
by  the  death  of  Anson  Brown,  and  served  from 
December  7,  1840,  to  March  3,  1841. 

Doig,  Andrew  W.,  a  Representative  from  New 
York;  born  in  Washington  county,  N.  Y.;  pursued 
an  academic  course;  county  surveyor  and  clerk  of 
Lewis  county;  member  of  the  state  house  of  repre- 
sentatives in  1832;  surrogate  of  Lewis  county,  1835- 
1840;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Twenty-sixth 
and  Twenty-seventh  Congresses  (March  4,  1839- 
March  3,  1843). 

Dolliver,  Jonathan  Prentiss,  a  Representa- 
tive and  a  Senator  from  Iowa;  born  near  Kingwood, 
Preston  county,  Va.  (now  West  Virginia),  February 
6,  1858;  was  graduated  in  1875  from  the  West  Vir- 
ginia university;  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1878; 
elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Fifty-first  and  to 
the  five  succeeding  Congresses  (March  4,  1889- 
March  3,  1901);  appointed  on  August  23,  1900,  to 
the  United  States  Senate  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by 
the  death  of  John  H.  Gear,  and  took  his  seat  Decem- 
ber 3,  1900;" elected  January  21,  1902,  and  reelected 
in  1907,  and  served  until  his  death  in  Fort  Dodge, 
Iowa,  October  15,  1910. 

Dolph,  Joseph  Norton,  a  Senator  from  Oregon; 
born  in  Dolphsburg,  Tompkins  (now  Schuyler) 
county,  N.  Y.,  October  19,  1835;  attended  the 
common  schools  and  the  Genesee  Wesleyan  semi- 
nary in  Lima,  N.  Y.;  taught  school  and  studied 
law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  Binghamton,  N.  Y., 
in  November,  1861;  practiced  in  Schuyler  county, 
N.  Y.,  during  the  winter  of  1861-1862;  enlisted  in 
Captain  M.  Crawford's  company  in  1862,  known  as 
the  Oregon  Escort,  raised  under  an  act  of  Congress 
for  the  purpose  of  protecting  the  emigration  of  that 
year  to  the  Pacific  coast  against  hostile  Indians 
crossing  the  plains;  filled  the  position  of  orderly 
sergeant;  settled  in  Portland,  Oreg.,  in  October, 
1862;  elected  city  attorney  in  1864;  member  of  the 
state  senate  in  1866,  1868,  1872,  and  1874;  engaged 
in  various  enterprises;  elected  as  a  Republican  to 
the  United  States  Senate;  reelected  and  served 
from  March  4,  1883,  to  March  3,  1895;  resumed  the 
practice  of  law  in  Portland,  Oreg.,  where  he  died 
March  10,  1897. 

Donley,  Joseph  Benton,  a  Representative 
from  Pennsylvania;  born  in  Mount  Morris,  Pa., 
October  10,  1838;  completed  preparatory  studies; 
was  graduated  from  Waynesburg  college  in  1859; 
entered  the  Union  army  as  a  captain  of  the  eighty- 
third  Illinois  infantry  in  1862;  was  graduated  from 
the  Law  university  of  Albany ,  N.  Y.,  in  May,  1866, 
and  admitted  to  the  bar;  elected  as  a  Republican 
to  the  Forty-first  Congress  (March  4, 1869-March  3, 
1871) ;  after  retirement  from  Congress  practiced  law 
in  Waynesburg,  Pa. 

Donnan,  William  G.,  a  Representative  from 
Iowa;  born  in  West  Charlton,  N.  Y.,  June  30,  1834; 
was  graduated  from  Union  college,  New  York,  in 
1856;  in  the  same  year  moved  to  Independence, 
Iowa,  where  he  studied  law,  and  a  year  later  was 
admitted  to  the  bar;  in  September,  1857,  elected 
treasurer  and  recorder  of  Buchanan  county,  and 
held  the  office  by  election  until  1862;  entered  the 
Union  army  as  a  private,  promoted  to  the  grade 
of  first  lieutenant,  and  brevetted  captain  and  major 
for  efficient  service  in  the  field;  member  of  the 
state  senate  of  Iowa  1868  and  1870;  elected  as  a 
Republican  to  the  Forty-second  and  Forty-third 


Congresses  (March  4, 1871-March  3, 1875);  declined 
to  be  a  candidate  for  reelection;  died  in  Inde- 
pendence, Iowa,  December  4,1908. 

Donnell,  Richard  S.,  a  Representative  from 
North  Carolina;  born  in  Newbern,  N.  C.,  Septem- 
ber 20, 1820;  attended  Yale  college;  member  of  the 
house  of  commons  in  1862  and  1864,  and  served  as 
speaker;  delegate  to  the  conventions  of  1861  and 
1865;  elected  as  a  Whig  to  the  Thirtieth  Congress 
(March  4,  1847-March  3,  1849);  died  June  3,  1867. 

Donnelly,  Ignatius,  a  Representative  from 
Minnesota;  born  in  Philadelphia,  Pa.,  November  3, 
1831;  was  graduated  from  the  high  school  of  that 
city;  in  1869  studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar 
in  1852,  and  practiced, -moved  to  Minnesota  in  1857; 
author  and  politician;  elected  lieutenant  governor 
of  Minnesota  in  1859  and  reelected  in  1861;  elected 
as  a  Republican  to  the  Thirty-eighth,  Thirty-ninth, 
and  Fortieth  Congresses  (March  4,  1863-March  3, 
1869);  died  in  Minneapolis,  Minn.,  January  1, 1901. 

Donovan,  Dennis  D.,  a  Representative  from 
Ohio;  born  near  Texas,  Henry  county,  Ohio,  Jan- 
uary 31, 1859 ;  attended  the  common  schools  and  the 
Northern  Indiana  normal  school  in  Valparaiso,  Ind. ; 
studied  law,  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar;  taught 
school;  engaged  in  mercantile  and  timber  busi- 
ness; appointed  postmaster  of  Deshler  by  President 
Cleveland;  elected  to  the  legislature  in  1887  and 
1889;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Fifty-second 
and  Fifty-third  Congresses  (March  4,  1891-March 
3,  1895);  after  retirement  from  Congress  practiced 
in  Napolien,  Ohio. 

Doolittle,  James  Hood,  a  Senator  from  Wis- 
consin; born  in  Hampton,  N.  Y.,  January  3,  1815; 
completed  preparatory  studies;  was  graduated  from 
Geneva  college,  New  York;  studied  law  and  was 
admitted  to  the  bar;  district  attorney  for  Wyoming 
county,  N.  Y.;  moved  to  Wisconsin  in  1851; 
elected  judge  of  the  first  judicial  circuit  of  Wis- 
consin in  1853,  and  held  the  office  until  1856,  when 
he  resigned;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  United 
States  Senate;  reelected  and  served  from  March  4, 
1857,  to  March  3,  1869;  died  in  Edge  wood,  Provi- 
dence, R.  I.,  July  23,  1897. 

Doolittle,  William  Hall,  a  Representative  from 
Washington;  born  in  Erie  county,  Pa. ;  moved  with 
his  parents  to  Portage  county,  Wis.,  in  1859; 
worked  in  the  pineries  of  that  state;  attended  dis- 
trict school;  early  in  1865  enlisted  as  a  private  in 
the  ninth  Wisconsin  battery;  discharged  the  follow- 
ing summer  and  returned  to  Wisconsin;  then  re- 
turned to  Pennsylvania  in  1867,  and  pursued  an 
academic  course;  read  law  in  Chautauqua  county, 
N.  Y.;  moved  to  Nebraska  in  1872,  and  practiced 
law  in  Johnson  county;  served  one  term  in  the 
Nebraska  legislature;  assistant  United  States  dis- 
trict attorney;  moved  to  Washington  territory  in 
1880,  locating  in  Colfax,  Whitman  county,  and 
practiced  his  profession;  moved  to  Tacoma;  one 
of  the  Republican  members  of  the  territorial  code 
commission;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Fifty- 
third  and  Fifty-fourth  Congresses  (March  4,  1893- 
March  3, 1897) ;  after  retirement  from  Congress  prac- 
ticed law  in  Tacoma,  Wash. 

Dorr,  Charles  Philips,  a  Representative  from 
West  Virginia;  born  in  Monroe  county,  Ohio,  Au- 
gust 12,  1852;  attended  the  common  schools,  and 
after  admission  to  the  courts  of  Ohio  began  the 
practice  of  law  in  West  Virginia  in  1874;  elected  a 
member  of  the  West  Virginia  house  of  delegates  in 


BIOGBAPHIES. 


613 


1884  and  in  1888;  sergeant  at  arms  of  that  body  in 
1887;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Fifty-fifth 
Congress  (March  4,  1897-March  3,  1899),  after  re- 
tirement from  Congress  practiced  law  in  Webster 
Springs,  W.  Va. 

Dorsey,  Clement,  a  Representative  from  Mary- 
land; born  in  Anne  Arundel  county,  Md.;  elected 
to  the  Nineteenth,  Twentieth,  and  Twenty-first 
Congresses  (March  4,  1825-March  3,  1831);  died 
August  6,  1846. 

Dorsey,  George  Washington  Emery,  a  Rep- 
resentative from  Nebraska;  born  in  Loudoun 
county,  Va.,  January  25,  1842;  moved  with  his 
parents  to  Preston  county  (now  West  Virginia)  in 
1856;  attended  the  private  schools  and  Oak  Hill 
academy;  recruited  a  company  and  entered  the 
Union  army  in  August,  1861,  as  first  lieutenant, 
sixth  West  Virginia  infantry ;  promoted  to  captain 
and  major,  and  was  mustered  out  with  the  army 
of  the  Shenandoah  in  August,  1865;  moved  to 
Nebraska  in  1866;  studied  law,  and  admitted  to 
practice  in  1869;  engaged  in  banking;  member  of 
the  board  of  trustees  of  the  insane  hospital;  vice 
president  of  the  state  board  of  agriculture,  and 
chairman  of  the  Republican  state  central  commit- 
tee; elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Forty-ninth, 
Fiftieth,  and  Fifty-first  Congresses  (March  4, 1885- 
March  3,  1891 j;  after  retirement  from  Congress 
engaged  in  mining  enterprises  in  Nevada  and  Utah; 
died  in  Salt  Lake  City,  Utah,  June  12,  1911. 

Dorsey,  Stephen  Wallace,  a  Senator  from 
Arkansas;  born  in  Benson,  Vt.,  February  28,  1844; 
moved  to  Ohio  and  located  in  Oberlin;  attended 
public  schools;  served  in  the  Union  army  under 
Gen.  Grant  at  Shiloh,  Gen.  Buell  at  Perryville, 
Gen.  Rosecrans  at  Stone  River  and  Chattanooga, 
and  Gen .  Thomas  at  Mission  Ridge ;  was  transferred 
to  the  army  of  the  Potomac  in  1864,  and  took  part  in 
the  battles  of  the  Wilderness  and  Cold  Harbor,  and 
served  until  the  close  of  the  war;  returned  to  Ohio 
and  was  employed  by  the  Sandusky  tool  company, 
and  became  its  president;  soon  elected  president 
of  the  Arkansas  railway  company ;  moved  to  Arkan- 
sas and  was  chosen  chairman  of  the  Republican 
state  committee;  declined  to  be  a  candidate  for 
Congress;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  United 
States  Senate,  and  served  from  March  4,  1873,  to 
March  3,  1879;  chairman  of  the  Republican  execu- 
tive committee  in  1876  and  secretary  of  the  com- 
mittee in  1880;  devoted  himself  to  mining  interests 
in  New  Mexico  and  Colorado;  moved  to  California; 
a  resident  of  Los  Angeles. 

Dorsheimer,  William,  a  Representative  from 
New  York;  born  in  Lyons,  Wayne  county,  N.  Y., 
February  5,  1832;  attended  the  Phillips  academy, 
Andover,  Mass.,  and  Harvard  college;  studied  law 
and  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  practiced  in  New 
York;  appointed  major  in  the  United  States  army 
in  August,  1861;  appointed  United  States  attorney 
for  the  northern  district  of  New  York  in  April,  ]  867 ; 
lieutenant  governor  in  1874  and  reelected  in  1876; 
elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Forty-eighth  Congress 
(March  4,  1883-March  3,  1885);  died'in  Savannah, 
Ga.,  March  26,  1888. 

Doty,  James  Duane,  a  Representative  and 
Delegate  from  Wisconsin;  born  in  Salem,  Washing- 
ton county,  N.  Y.,  November  5, 1799;  attended  the 
common  schools;  moved  to  Menasha,  Wis.;  elected 
a  Delegate  to  the  Twenty-fifth  and  Twenty-sixth 
Congresses  (March  4,  1837-March  3,  1841) ;  governor 
of  Wisconsin  1841-1844;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to 


the  Thirty-first  Congress  and  as  a  Free-soil  Dem- 
ocrat to  the  Thirty-second  Congress  (March  4, 1849- 
March  3,  1853);  appointed  treasurer  of  Utah  and 
governor  of  that  territory  in  1864  by  President 
Lincoln;  died  in  Salt  Lake  City,  Utah,  June  13, 
1865. 

Doubleday,  "Ulysses  Freeman,  a  Representa- 
tive from  New  York;  born  in  Otsego  county,  N.  Y., 
December  15,  1792;  received  a  limited  schooling; 
learned  the  art  of  printing;  engaged  in  newspaper 
work  in  Ballston  and  established  a  newspaper  in 
Auburn;  served  at  Sacketts  Harbor  in  the  war  of 
1812 ;  elected  as  a  Jackson  Democrat  to  the  Twenty- 
second  Congress  (March  4,  1831-March  3,  1833); 
elected  to  the  Twenty-fourth  Congress  (March  4, 
1835-March  3,  1837);  moved  to  New  York  City 
and  became  engaged  in  the  book  trade;  died  in 
Belvidere,  111.,  March  11,  1866. 

Dougherty,  Charles,  a  Representative  from 
Florida;  born  in  Athens,  Ga.,  October  15,  1850; 
attended  the  public  schools  of  Athens  and  the  Uni- 
versity of  Virginia;  followed  the  sea  and  then 
engaged  in  planting;  elected  to  the  legislature  of 
Florida  in  1876,  1878,  1880,  and  1882;  served  as 
speaker  in  1878;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Forty- 
ninth  and  Fiftieth  Congresses  (March  4,  1885- 
March  3,  1889);  member  of  the  state  legislature 
1911  and  1912. 

Dougherty,  John,  a  Representative  from  Mis- 
souri; born  in  Itau,  Platte  county.  Mo.,  February 
25,  1857;  moved  subsequently,  with  his  parents, 
to  Liberty,  Mo.;  attended  the  public  schools  and 
William  Jewell  college;  studied  law  and  was  ad- 
mitted to  the  bar  in  1880;  city  attorney  of  Liberty, 
Mo.;  editor  and  proprietor  of  the  Liberty  Tribune 
from  1885  to  1888;  elected  prosecuting  attorney  of 
Clay  county,  Mo.,  in  1888  and  twice  reelected; 
elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Fifty-sixth,  Fifty 
seventh,  and  Fifty-eighth  Congresses  (March  4- 
1899-March  3,  1905);  died  in  Liberty,  Mo.,  August 
1,  1905. 

Douglas,  Albert,  a  Representative  from  Ohio; 
born  in  Chillicothe,  Ohio,  April  25,  1852;  attended 
the  public  schools  of  Chillicothe,  a  preparatory 
school,  and  was  graduated  from  Kenyon  college  in 
1872;  attended  the  Harvard  law  school,  and  was 
admitted  to  the  bar  in  1874;  returning  to  Chilli- 
cothe, began  the  practice  of  law;  elected  pros- 
ecuting attorney  of  the  county  in  1876  on  the 
Republican  ticket  and  reelected  in  1878;  elector 
at  large  in  1896  and  chairman  of  the  electoral  col- 
lege; elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Sixtieth  and 
Sixty-first  Congresses  (March  4, 1907-March  3, 1911) ; 
resumed  the  practice  of  law  in  Chillicothe,  Ohio. 

Douglas,  Beverly  Browne,  a  Representative 
from  Virginia;  born  in  Providence  Forge,  New  Kent 
county,  Va.,  December  21, 1822;  attended  William 
and  Mary  college,  Yale  university,  and  the  Uni- 
versity of  Edinburgh,  Scotland;  studied  law  and 
was  graduated  from  the  law  school  of  Judge  Bev- 
erly Tucker,  and  from  William  and  Mary  college 
in  1843 ;  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1844;  member  of 
the  state  constitutional  convention  in  1850-1851; 
twelve  years  in  the  state  senate;  presidential  elec- 
tor on  the  Breckinridge  and  Lane  ticket  in  1860; 
served  in  the  Confederate  army  and  attained  the 
rank  of  major  of  the  fifth  Virginia  cavalry;  elected 
as  a  Conservative  to  the  Forty-fourth  and  Forty- 
fifth  Congresses,  and  served  from  March  4,  1875, 
until  his  death  in  Washington,  D.  C.,  December 
22,  1878. 


614 


CONGEESSIONAL   DIKECTOKY. 


Douglas,  Stephen  Arnold,  a  Representative 
and  a  Senator  from  Illinois;  born  in  Brandon,  Vt., 
April  23,  1813;  completed  preparatory  studies  in 
Brandon  academy;  learned  the  cabinetmaker's 
trade;  moved  to  a  farm  near  Clifton  Springs,  N.  Y.; 
entered  Canandaigua  academy  and  studied  law; 
visited  several  western  cities,  .moved  to  Ohio, 
where  he  resumed  the  study  of  law,  but  on  account 
of  failing  health  moved  to  Illinois;  taught  school; 
admitted  to  the  bar  in  1834;  elected  state  attorney 
for  the  Morgan  circuit  in  1835;  member  of  the  state 
house  of  representatives  1836-1837;  register  of  the 
land  office  in  Springfield  in  1837;  defeated  in  1838 
as  the  Democratic  candidate  for  Congress;  appointed 
secretary  of  state  of  Illinois  during  the  session  of  the 
legislature  1840-1841,  and  at  the  same  session  was 
elected  one  of  the  judges  of  the  state  supreme  court; 
elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Twenty-eighth  and 
Twenty-ninth  Congresses  (March  4,  1843-March  3, 
1847 ) ;  reelected  to  the  Thirtieth  Congress,but  before 
taking  his  seat  was  elected  to  the  United  States 
Senate;  reelected  in  1853  as  a  Popular  Sovereignty 
Democrat,  and  again  in  1859,  defeating  Abraham 
Lincoln,  and  served  from  March  4,  1847,  until  his 
death;  in  1860  received  twelve  electoral  votes  for 
President;  died  in  Chicago,  111.,  June  3,  1861. 

Douglas,  William  Harris,  a  Representative 
from  New  York;  born  in  New  York  City,  December 
5,  1853;  attended  private  schools  and  the  College  of 
the  City  of  New  York  one  year;  entered  the  export- 
ing and  importing  trade;  senior  member  of  a  firm 
having  branches  in  London,  Sydney  and  Mel- 
bourne, Australia,  and  Cape  Town  and  Port  Eliza- 
beth, South  Africa;  member  of  the  chamber  of 
commerce,  the  New  York  produce  exchange, 
maritime  exchange,  merchants'  exchange,  and 
various  other  institutions;  elected  as  a  Republican 
to  the  Fifty-seventh  and  Fifty-eighth  Congresses 
(March  4,  1901-March  3,  1905). 

Dovener,  Blackburn  Barrett,  a  Representa- 
tive from  West  Virginia;  born  in  Cabell  county, 
Va.  (now  West  Virginia),  April  20,  1842;  raised  a 
company  of  loyal  Virginians  and  served  in  the 
United  States  volunteer  infantry  during  the  war; 
studied  law;  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1873,  and  prac- 
ticed law  in  Wheeling;  elected  a  representative  of 
Ohio  county  to  the  legislature  of  1883;  Republican 
candidate  for  Congress  in  1892,  but  defeated; 
elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Fifty-fourth  and  to 
the  five  succeeding  Congresses  (March  4,  1895- 
March  3,  1907). 

Dowd,  Clement,  a  Representative  from  North 
Carolina;  born  in  Moore  county,  N.  C.,  August  27, 
1832;  was  graduated  from  the  University  of  North 
Carolina  in  1856;  taught  school,  studied  law, 
and  was  admitted  to  the  bar;  moved  to  Charlotte 
and  engaged  in  the  practice  of  law;  officer  in  the 
Confederate  army;  elected  mayor  of  Charlotte  in 
January,  1869,  and  reelected;  president  of  the 
Merchants  and  Farmers'  National  bank;  president 
of  the  Commercial  National  bank  of  Charlotte, 
N.  C.;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Forty-seventh 
and  Forty-eighth  Congresses  (March  4, 1881-March 
3,  1885);  died  in  Charlotte,  N.  C.,  April  15,  1898. 

Dowdell,  James  Ferguson,  a  Representative 
from  Alabama;  born  in  Jasper  county,  Ga.,  Novem- 
ber 26,  1818;  completed  preparatory  studies  and  in 
1840  was  graduated  from  Randolph  Macon  college; 
studied  law  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1841; 
began  practice  in  Greenville,  Ga. ;  moved  to  Cham- 
bers county,  Ala.,  in  1846  and  engaged  in  farming; 
defeated  for  election  to  the  state  legislature  in  1849 


and  1851;  elector  on  the  Pierce  and  King  ticket  in 
1852;  elected  as  a  State  Rights  Democrat  to  the 
Thirty-third,  Thirty-fourth,  and  Thirty-fifth  Con- 

fresses  (March  4,    1853-March  3,   1859);  died  in 
eptember,  1871. 

Dowdney,  Abraham,  a  Representative  from 
New  York;  born  in  Younghall,  Ireland,  October  31, 
1840;  came  to  New  York  City  with  his  parents; 
attended  the  private  schools;  builder  and  con- 
tractor; served  in  the  Civil  war  as  captain  of  the 
one  hundred  and  thirty-second  New  York  volun- 
teers 1862-1863;  chairman  of  the  public  school 
trustees  1882-1885;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the 
Forty-ninth  Congress  (March  4,  1885-March  3, 
1887);  died  in  New  York  City  December  10,  1886. 

Downey,  Stephen' Wheeler,  a  Representative 
from  Wyoming;  born  in  Western  Port,  Md . ,  July  25, 
1839;  pursued  an  academic  course;  studied  law  and 
was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1863;  served  in  the  Civil 
war;  moved  to  the  territory  of  Wyoming  in  1869, 
and  practiced  law;  elected  a  member  of  the  council 
of  Wyoming  territory  in  1871,  and  reelected  in  1875 
and  in  1877;  treasurer  of  the  territory  for  three 
years,  and  auditor  of  the  territory;  elected  as  a 
Republican  to  the  Forty-sixth  Congress  (March  4, 
1879-March  3,  1881);  died  in  Denver,  Colo..  August 
3,  1902. 

Downing,  Charles,  a  Delegate  from  Florida: 
native  of  Virginia;  elected  to  the  Twenty-fifth  and 
Twenty-sixth  Congresses  (March  4,  1837-March  3, 
1841). 

Downing,  Finis  Ewing,  a  Representative  from 
Illinois;  born  in  Virginia,  Cass  county,  111.,  August 
24,  1846;  attended  the  public  and  private  schools 
of  Virginia;  engaged  in  mercantile  pursuits  1865- 
1880;  clerk  of  the  circuit  court  of  Cass  county  in 
1880,  and  served  for  three  terms;  read  law  and  was 
admitted  to  the  bar  in  December,  1887;  engaged  in 
the  newspaper  business  in  August,  1891;  secretary 
of  the  state  senate  in  1893;  presented  credentials  as 
a  Democratic  member-elect  to  the  Fifty-fourth 
Congress,  and  served  from  March  4,  1895,  to  Jan- 
uary 5,  1896,  when  he  was  succeeded  by  John  I. 
Rinaker,  who  contested  his  election;  after  retire- 
ment from  Congress  engaged  in  the  real  estate 
business  and  the  practice  of  law  in  Virginia,  111. 

Downs,  Solomon  W.,  a  Senator  from  Louisiana; 
born  in  Tennessee  in  1801;  pursued  classical  stud- 
ies and  was  graduated  from  the  Transylvania  uni- 
versity ;  studied  law  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in 
1826  and  began  practice  in  New  Orleans  in  the  same 
year;  United  States  district  attorney  1845-1847; 
elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  United  States  Senate 
and  served  from  March  4,  1847,  to  March  3,  1853; 
died  in  Orchard  Springs,  Ky.,  August  14,  1854. 

Dowse,  Edward,  a  Representative  from  Mas- 
sachusetts; born  in  Charlestown,  Mass.,  in  October, 
1756;  elected  to  the  Sixteenth  Congress,  and  served 
from  December  6,  1819,  to  May  26,  1820,  when  he 
resigned;  died  in  Dedham,  Mass.,  September  3, 
1828. 

Dox,  Peter  Myndert,  a  Representative  from 
Alabama;  born  in  Geneva,  Ontario  county,  N.  Y., 
September  11,  1813;  attended  the  Geneva  academy 
and  was  graduated  from  Hobart  college,  Geneva, 
in  1833;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and 
practiced;  member  of  the  state  legislature  in  1842; 
judge  of  the  Ontario  county  courts  until  he  re- 
signed Marqh  18,  1856;  moved  to  Alabama  in  1856 
and  located  in  Madison  county;  member  of  the 


BIOGKAPHIES. 


615 


state  constitutional  convention  in  1865;  elected  as 
a  Democrat  to  the  Forty-first  and  Forty-second 
Congresses  (March  4,  1864-March  3,  1873);  died  in 
Huntsville,  Ala.,  April  2,  1891. 

Doxey,  Charles  T.,  a  Representative  from  In- 
diana; was  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Forty- 
seventh  Congress,  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  the 
death  of  Godlove  S.  Orth,  and  served  from  January 
17,  1883,  to  March  3,  1883;  died  in  Anderson,  Ind., 
April  30,  1898. 

Drake,  Charles  Daniel,  a  Senator  from  Mis- 
souri; born  in  Cincinnati,  Ohio,  April  11,  1811;  at- 
tended St.  Josephs  college,  Bardstown,  Ky.,  1823- 
1824,  and  Partridge's  military  academy,  Middle- 
town,  Conn.,  1824-1825;  appointed  midshipman  in 
the  United  States  navy  in  1825,  and  served  four 
years,  when  he  resigned;  studied  law  and  was  ad- 
mitted to  the  bar  in  Cincinnati  in  1833 ;  moved  to 
St.  Louis,  Mo.,  in  1834;  member  of  the  state  house 
of  representatives  of  Missouri  in  1859-1860;  presi- 
dential elector  in  1864 ;  member  of  the  state  consti- 
tutional convention  in  1865;  elected  as  a  Repiiblican 
to  the  United  States  Senate,  and  served  from 
March  4,  1867,  to  December  19,  1870,  when  he  re- 
signed to  become  chief  justice  of  the  court  of  claims; 
served  until  January,  1885,  when  he  retired;  died 
in  Washington,  D.  C.,  March  31,  1892. 

Drake,  John  B.,  a  Representative  from  New 
York;  born  in  1783;  completed  preparatory  studies; 
held  several  local  offices  in  Tioga  county,  N.  Y.; 
elected  to  the  Fifteenth  Congress  (March  4,  1817- 
March  3,  1819);  judge  of  the  court  of  common  pleas 
for  Tioga  county  1833-1838;  member  of  the  state 
house  of  representatives  in  1834;  died  in  Oswego, 
N.  Y.,  March  21,  1857. 

Draper,  Joseph,  a  Representative  from  Vir- 
ginia; born  in  Virginia;  elected  to  the  Twenty-first 
Congress,  to  fill  the  vacancy  caused  by  the  death 
of  Alexander  Smyth;  reelected  to  the  Twenty- 
second  Congress,  and  served  from  December  6, 
1830,  to  March  2,  1833. 

Draper,  William  Franklin,  a  Representative 
from  Massachusetts;  born  in  Lowell,  Mass.,  April 
9,  1842;  attended  public,  private,  and  high  schools; 
studied  mechanical  engineering  and  cotton  manu- 
facture; served  in  the  Civil  war;  enlisted  as  a  pri- 
vate in  the  twenty-fifth  Massachusetts  infantry  Sep- 
tember 9,  1861;  second  lieutenant  October  7,  1861; 
first  lieutenant  April  15, 1862;  captain  of  the  thirty- 
sixth  Massachusettsinfan  try  August  27,  1862;  major 
September  1, 1863 ;  lieutenant  colonel  August  9, 1864 ; 
brevet  colonel  and  brigadier  general  of  volunteers 
March  13, 1865,  "  for  gallant  and  meritorious  service 
in  the  field  during  the  war; "  mustered  out  October 
12,  1864;  was  shot  through  the  body  at  the  battle  of 
the  Wilderness,  May  6,  1864,  and  again  slightly 
wounded  at  Pegram  Farm,  September  30,  1864; 
manufacturer  of  cotton  machinery,  and  made  and 
patented  many  improvements;  president  of  the 
Home  Market  club  in  1891  and  1892;  delegate  to 
the  Republican  national  convention  in  1876; 
colonel  on  staff  of  Gov.  Long  from  1880-1883; 
chosen  presidential  elector  at  large  in  1888;  elected 
as  a  Republican  to  the  Fifty-third  and  Fifty-fourth 
Congresses  (March  4,  1893-March  3,  1897);  ambas- 
sador and  minister  plenipotentiary  to  Italy  1897- 
1899;  died  in  Washington,  D.  C.,  January  10,  1910. 

Draper,  William  H.,  a  Representative  from 
New  York;  born  in  Worcester  county,  Mass.,  June 


24,  1841;  moved  to  Troy,  N.  Y.,  in  1847;  attended 
the  public  schools  until  1856  and  then  entered  a 
mercantile  career;  trustee  of  the  village  of  Lansing- 
burg;  commissioner  of  jurors  for  Rensselaer  county 
1896-1900;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Fifty- 
seventh  and  to  the  four  succeeding  Congresses 
(March  4,  1901-March  3,  1911).  Reelected  to  the 
Sixty-second  Congress. 

Drayton,  William,  a  Representative  from  South 
Carolina;  born  in  St.  Augustine,  Fla.,  December 
30,  1776;  attended  preparatory  schools  in  England; 
studied  law  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar  December 
12,  1797;  entered  the  United  States  army  as  lieu- 
tenant colonel  of  the  tenth  infantry  March  12,  1812; 
colonel  of  the  eighteenth  infantry  July,  1812;  in- 
spector general  August  1,  1814;  served  through  the 
war;  recorder  of  Charleston  1819-1824;  elected  as 
a  Union  Democrat  to  the  Nineteenth  Congress  to 
fill  vacancy  caused  by  the  resignation  of  Joel  R. 
Poinsett;  reelected  to  the  Twentieth,  Twenty-first, 
and  Twenty-second  Congresses  (March  4,  1825- 
March  3,  1833);  opposed  nullification  in  1830,  and 
moved  to  Philadelphia,  Pa.,  in  August,  1833; 
president  of  the  bank  of  the  United  States  1840- 
1841;  died  in  Philadelphia,  Pa.,  May  24,  1846. 

Drayton,  William  Henry,  a  Delegate  from 
South  Carolina;  born  in  Drayton  Hall,  on  Ashley 
River,  S.  C.,  in  September,  1742;  pursued 
classical  studies;  attended  Westminster  school 
and  Balliol  college,  Oxford,  England;  returned  to 
South  Carolina  in  1764;  studied  law  and  was  ad- 
mitted to  the  bar;  visited  England  again  in  1770 
and  was  appointed  by  King  George  III  privy  coun- 
cilor for  the  province  of  South  Carolina;  while  on 
his  way  home  was  appointed  assistant  judge,  but 
took  such  an  active  part  in  the  pre- Revolutionary 
movement  that  he  was  deprived  of  both  positions; 
president  of  the  council  of  safety  in  1775,  and  in 
1776  chief  justice;  elected  to  the  Continental  Con- 
gress in  1778,  and  served  until  his  death  in  Phila- 
delphia, Pa.,  September  3,  1779. 

•Dresser,  Solomon  Robert,  a  Representative 
from  Pennsylvania;  born  in  Litchfield,  Hillsdale 
county,  Mich.,  February  1,  1842;  attended  the 
common  schools;  an  inventor  and  manufacturer; 
elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Fifty-eighth  and 
Fifty-ninth  Congresses  (March  4,  1903-March  3, 
1907);  died  in  Bradford,  Pa.,  January  21,  1911. 

Driggs,  Edmund  Hope,  a  Representative  from 
New  York;  born  in  Brooklyn,  N.  Y.,  May  2,  1865; 
attended  the  Adelphi  college,  Brooklyn;  general 
agent  for  the  National  Surety  and  Casualty  com- 
pany of  America;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the 
Fifty-fifth  Congress  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  the 
resignation  of  Francis  H.  Wilson;  reelected  to  the 
Fifty-sixth  Congress  and  served  from  December  6, 
1897  to  March  3,  1901;  defeated  for  the  Fifty- 
seventh  Congress;  after  retirement  from  Congress 
resumed  his  residence  in  Brooklyn,  N.  Y. 

Driggs,  John  Fletcher,  a  Representative  from 
Michigan;  born  in  Kinderhook,  N.  Y.,  March  8, 
1813;  completed  preparatory  studies;  contractor; 
superintendent  of  the  New  York  penitentiary  in 
1844;  moved  to  Michigan  in  1856;  engaged  in  the 
real  estate  business  and  salt  manufacturing;  mem- 
ber of  the  state  legislature  1859-1860;  elected  as  a 
Republican  to  the  Thirty-eighth,  Thirty-ninth, 
and  Fortieth  Congresses  (March  4,  1863-March  3, 
1869);  died  in  East  Saginaw,  Mich.,  December  17, 
1877. 


616 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 


Driscoll,  Daniel  A.,  a  Representative  from  New 
York;  born  in  Buffalo,  N.  Y.,  March  6,  1875;  com- 
pleted academic  studies  and  a  business  course; 
elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Sixty-first  Congress 
(March  4,  1909-March  3,  1911).  Reelected  to  the 
Sixty-second  Congress. 

Driscoll,  Michael  Edward,  a  Representative 
from  New  York;  born  in  Syracuse,  N.  Y.,  Febru- 
ary 9,  1851;  when  about  one  year  old  his  parents 
moved  to  the  town  of  Camillus,  Onondaga  county; 
attended  the  district  schpols,  Monro  collegiate  in- 
stitute, in  Elbridge,  Onondaga  county,  and  was 
graduated  from  Williams  college  in  1877;  studied 
law  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar;  elected  as  a  Re- 
publican to  the  Fifty-sixth,  and  to  the  five  suc- 
ceeding Congresses  (March  4,  1899-March  3,  1911). 
Reelected  to  the  Sixty-second  Congress. 

Dromgoole,  George  Coke,  a  Representative 
from  Virginia;  born  in  Lawrenceville,  Brunswick 
county,  Va.,  about  1795;  completed  preparatory 
studies;  studied  law  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar; 
served  several  years  as  a  member  of  the  state  house 
of  representatives  and  senate;  elected  as  a  Demo- 
crat to  the  Twenty-fourth,  Twenty-fifth,  and 
Twenty -sixth  Congresses  (March  4,  1835-March  3, 
1841);  declined  being  a  candidate  for  reelection; 
elected  to  the  Twenty-eighth  and  Twenty-ninth 
Congresses  (March  4,  1843-March  3,  1847);  died 
April  27,  1847. 

Drum,  Augustus,  a  Representative  from  Penn- 
sylvania; born  in  Indiana,  Pa.,  in  1818;  attended 
the  common  schools;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to 
the  bar,  and  practiced  in  his  native  city;  member 
of  the  state  senate;  resumed  the  practice  of  law; 
died  in  Indiana,  Pa.,  September  15,  1858;  elected 
as  a  Democrat  to  the  Thirty-third  Congress  (March 
4,  1853-March  3,  1855). 

Dryden,  John  Fairfield,  a  Senator  from  New 
Jersey;  born  near  Farmington,  Me.,  August  7,  1839; 
moved  with  his  parents  to  Massachusetts;  fitted 
for  college  in  Worcester,  Mass.,  and  entered  Yale 
university,  and  was  graduated  with  the  class  of 
1865;  made  a  special  study  of  life  insurance,  and 
in  1875,  in  Newark,  N.  J.,  originated  and  founded 
the  Prudential  insurance  company  of  America, 
becoming  its  first  secretary  and  in  1881  its  presi- 
dent; one  of  the  founders  of  the  Fidelity  trust 
company;  identified  with  the  management  of 
various  street  railways,  banks,  and  other  financial 
enterprises  of  New  Jersey,  New  York,  and  Penn- 
sylvania; presidential  elector  in  1896  and  1900; 
elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  United  States  Sen- 
ate, to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  the  death  of  William 
J.  Sewell,  and  served  from  January  29,  1902,  to 
March  3,  1907;  died  in  Newark,  N.  J.,  November 
24,  1911. 

Duane,  James,  a  Delegate  from  New  York; 
born  in  New  York,  February  6,  1733;  completed 
preparatory  studies;  studied  law  and  was  admitted 
to  the  bar  August  3,  1754;  sat  in  the  Continental 
Congress  1774-1784;  clerk  cf  the  court  of  chancery 
1762-1776;  member  of  the  revolutionary  com- 
mittee of  one  hundred  1775;  delegate  to  the  An- 
napolis convention  of  1786;  member  of  the  state 
senate  1783-1784;  the  first  mayor  of  New  York 
City  1784;  delegate  to  the  state  convention  to 
consider  the  Federal  constitution  in  1788;  United 
States  district  judge  for  the  district  of  New  York 
1789-1794;  died  in  Duanesburg,  Schnectady 
county,  N.  Y.,  February  1,  1797. 


Dubois,  Fred  Thomas,  a  Delegate  and  a  Sen- 
ator from  Idaho;  born  in  Crawford  county,  111., 
May  29,  1851;  attended  the  public  school  and  was 
graduated  from  Yale  college  in  1872;  secretary  of 
the  board  of  railway  and  warehouse  commission- 
ers of  Illinois  1875-1876;  went  to  Idaho  territory 
in  1880  and  engaged  in  business;  United  States 
marshal  of  Idaho  from  August  25,  1882,  until  Sep- 
tember 1,  1886;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the 
Fiftieth  and  Fifty-first  Congresses  (March  4,  1887- 
March  3,  1891),  having  secured  the  admission  of 
the  territory  to  the  Union  on  July  3,  1890;  chair- 
man of  the  first  delegation  from  the  new  state  to  the 
Republican  national  convention  held  in  Minne- 
apolis, Minn.,  in  June,  1892;  elected  as  a  Repub- 
lican to  the  United  States  Senate  December  18, 
1890,  and  served  from  March  4,  1891,  to  March  3, 
1897 ;  chairman  of  the  Republican  delegation  from 
Idaho  to  the  national  Republican  convention  in 
St.  Louis  in  1896,  and  left  the  convention  and  the 
party  when  they  declared  for  the  single  gold 
standard;  candidate  of  the  Silver  Republicans  of 
Idaho  for  reelection  to  the  Senate  in  1896,  and 
beaten  by  the  combined  votes  of  the  Democrats, 
Populists,  and  Republicans;  nominated  in  state 
convention  in  1900  by  the  Democrats,  Populists, 
and  Silver  Republicans,  being  classed  as  a  Silver 
Republican,  and  again  elected  to  the  United  States 
Senate  and  served  from  March  4, 1901,  to  March  3, 
1907 ;  after  retirement  from  Congress  took  up  his  resi- 
dence in  Blackfoot,  Idaho. 

Du  Bose,  Dudley  Mclver,  a  Representative 
from  Georgia;  born  in  Shelby  county,  Tenn., 
October  28,  1834;  attended  the  University  of 
Mississippi;  studied  law  and  was  admitted  to  the 
bar;  served  in  the  Confederate  army  as  brigadier 
general;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Forty-second 
Congress  (March  4,  1871-March  3,  1873);  died  in 
Washington,  D.  C.,  March  4,  1883. 

Dudley,  Charles  Edward,  a  Senator  from  New 
York;  born  in  Johnston  Hall,  Staffordshire,  Eng- 
land, May  23,  1780;  came  to  America  with  his 
mother  in  1794  and  located  in  Newport,  R.  I.; 
entered  a  counting  room  as  clerk;  moved  to  Albany, 
N.  Y.,  where  he  became  a  merchant;  presidential 
elector  in  1816;  member  of  the  state  senate  1820- 
1825;  mayor  of  Albany  1821-1824,  and  1828-1829; 
elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  United  States  Senate 
te  fill  vacancy  caused  by  the  resignation  of  Martin 
Van  Buren  and  served  from  January  15,  1829,  to 
March  3,  1833;  interested  in  astronomical  science; 
died  in  Albany,  N.  Y.,  January  23,  1841. 

Dudley,  Edward  Bishop,  a  Representative 
from  North  Carolina;  born  in  Onslow  county,  N.  C., 
December  15, 1789;  attended  the  common  schools ; 
member  of  the  state  house  of  commons  1811-1817; 
served  in  the  state  senate  in  1814;  elected  as  a 
Jackson  Democrat  to  the  Twenty-first  Congress 
(March  4,  1829-March  3,  1831):  governor  of  North 
Carolina  1837-1841;  president  of  the  Wilmington 
and  Raleigh  railroad  company;  died  in  Wilmington, 
N.  C.,  October  30,  1855. 

Duell,  Robert  Holland,  a  Representative  from 
New  York;  born  in  Warren,  N.  Y.,  December  20, 
1824;  completed  preparatory  studies;  studied  law; 
admitted  to  the  bar  and  practiced ;  district  attorney 
of  Cortland  county  from  1850  to  1855;  judge  of 
Cortland  county  1855-1859;  assessor  of  internal 
revenue  for  the  twenty-third  district  of  New  York 
from  1869  to  1871;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the 
Thirty-sixth  and  Thirty-seventh  Congres?es  (March 


BIOGKAPHIES. 


617 


4,  1859-March  3,  1863),  reelected  to  the  Forty- 
second  and  Forty-third  Congresses  (March  4, 1871- 
March  3,  1875). 

Duer,  William,  a  Delegate  from  New  York; 
born  in  Devonshire,  England,  March  18,  1747; 
completed  preparatory  studies,  and  attended 
Eaton  college;  served  in  the  Anglo-Indian  army; 
emigrated  to  the  province  of  New  York  in  1768, 
and  located  in  Washington  county,  where  he  was 
judge,  colonel  of  militia,  member  of  the  committee 
of  safety,  and  leader  in  the  ante-Revolutionary 
movements;  Delegate  to  the  Continental  Congress 
1777-1778;  moved  to  New  York  City  in  1783; 
assisted  Hamilton  in  organizing  the  Treasury  De- 
partment 1789-1790;  died  in  New  York  City  May 
7,  1799. 

Duer,  William,  a  Representative  from  New 
York;  born  in  New  York  City,  May  25,  1805;  com- 
pleted preparatory  studies  and  was  graduated  from 
Columbia  college  in  1824;  studied  law,  was  ad- 
mitted to  the  bar  and  began  practice  in  Oswego, 
N.  Y.,  in  1828;  defeated  for  the  legislature  in  1832; 
moved  to  New  York  City  and  thence  to  New 
Orleans,  La.,  in  1833;  returned  to  Oswego,  N.  Y., 
in  1835;  served  in  the  New  York  state  house  of 
representatives  1840-1841;  district  attorney  for 
Oswego  county  1845-1847;  elected  as  a  Whig  to  the 
Thirtieth  and  Thirty-first  Congresses  (March  4, 
1847-March  3,  1851);  United  States  consul  in  Val- 
paraiso 1851-1854;  removed  to  San  Francisco  Gal., 
in  1854;  elected  county  clerk;  died  in  San  Fran- 
cisco, Cal.,  August  25,  1879. 

Dugro,  Philip  Henry,  a  Representative  from 
New  York;  born  in  New  York  City  October  3, 1855; 
attended  Columbia  college,  New  York;  studied 
law  and  was  graduated  from  the  Columbia  college 
law  school;  was  admitted  to  the  bar;  practiced  in 
New  York;  member  of  the  state  assembly  in  1879; 
judge  of  the  superior  court  of  New  York  City 
1887-1896;  elected  associate  justice  of  the  supreme 
court  of  New  York  in  1896,  which  position  he  now 
holds;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Forty-seventh 
Congress  (March  4,  1881-March  3,  1883). 

Duke,  Richard  Thomas  Walker,  a  Repre- 
sentative from  Virginia;  born  in  Albemarle  county, 
Va.,  June  6,  1822;  was  graduated  from  the  Virginia 
military  institute  in  1 845 ;  was  graduated  from  the 
law  school  of  the  University  of  Virginia  in  1850; 
elected  commonwealth  attorney  for  the  county  of 
Albemarle  in  1858,  and  continued  in  that  office 
until  1869 ;  elected  as  a  Conservative  to  the  Forty- 
first  Congress,  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  the  death 
of  Robert  Ridgway;  reelected  to  the  Forty-second 
Congress  and  served  from  December  5,  1870,  to 
March  3,  1873;  died  in  "  Sunny  Side,"  Albemarle 
county,  Va.,  July  2,  1898. 

Dumont,  Ebenezer,  a  Representative  from 
Indiana;  born  in  Vevay,  Ind.,  November  23, 1814; 
pursued  classical  studies;  studied  law  and  was  ad- 
mitted to  the  bar;  began  practice  in  Vevay;  mem- 
ber of  the  state  house  of  representatives  in  1838; 
treasurer  of  Vevay  1839-1845;  lieutenant  colonel 
of  volunteers  in  the  Mexican  war;  presidential 
elector  on  the  Pierce  ticket  in  1852;  member  of 
the  state  house  of  representatives  in  1850  and  1853; 
colonel  of  the  seventh  Indiana  volunteers  in  the 
Civil  war;  promoted  to  brigadier  general  of  volun- 
teers September  3,  1861;  resigned  February  28, 
1863;  elected  as  a  Unionist  to  the  Thirty-eighth 
and  Thirty-ninth  Congresses  (March  4, 1863-March 
3, 1867);  died  in  Indianapolis,  Ind.,  April  16, 1871. 


Dunbar,  William,  a  Representative  from 
Louisiana;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Thirty- 
third  Congress  (March  4,  1853-March  3,  1855). 

Duncan,  Alexander,  a  Representative  from 
Ohio;  bora  in  Cincinnati,  Ohio;  studied  and  prac- 
ticed medicine;  representative  in  the  state  legisla- 
ture 1828-1830  and  1831-1832;  state  senator  1832- 
1834;  elected  as  a  Whig  to  the  Twenty-fifth  and 
Twenty-sixth  Congresses  (March  4,  1837-March  3, 
1841);  defeated  as  the  Whig  candidate  for  the 
Twenty-seventh  Congress;  elected  to  the  Twenty- 
eighth  Congress  (March  4,  1843-March  3,  1845); 
died  in  Cincinnati,  Ohio,  March  2,  1852. 

Duncan,  Daniel,  a  Representative  from  Ohio; 
born  in  Shippensburg,  Pa.,  July  22, 1806 ;  completed 
preparatory  studies;  moved  to  Ohio;  became  inter- 
ested in  mercantile  pursuits;  member  of  the  state 
legislature  in  1843;  defeated  for  the  state  senate 
on  the  Whig  ticket  in  1844;  elected  as  a  Whig  to  the 
Thirtieth  Congress  (March  4,  1847-March  3,  1849), 
defeated  for  reelection;  died  in  Washington,  D.  C., 
Jnne  18,  1849. 

Duncan,  Garnett,  a  Representative  from  Ken- 
tucky; native  of  Kentucky;  completed  preparatory 
studies;  studied  law  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar; 
began  practice  in  Louisville;  elected  as  a  Whig  to 
the  Thirtieth  Congress  (March  4,  1847-March  3, 
1849);  declined  to  be  a  candidate  for  reelection; 
moved  to  New  Orleans  and  resumed  the  practice 
of  law. 

Duncan,  James  Henry,  a  Representative  from 
Massachusetts;  born  in  Haverhill,  Mass.,  Decem- 
ber 5,  1793;  was  graduated  from  Harvard  college  in 
1812;  studied  law,  and  in  1815  was  admitted  to  the 
bar;  an  active  militia  officer,  and  attained  the  rank 
of  colonel;  for  three  years  president  of  the  Essex 
agricultural  society;  member  of  the  state  house  of 
representatives  in  1827,  1837,  1838,  and  1857;  state 
senator,  1828-1831;  appointed  commissioner  in 
bankruptcy  in  1841;  delegate  to  the  national  con- 
vention at  Harrisburg  which  nominated  Harrison 
and  Tyler  in  1839;  elected  as  a  Whig  to  the  Thirty- 
first  and  Thirty-second  Congresses  (March  4, 1849- 
March  3,  1853);  died  in  Haverhill,  Mass.,  February 
8,  1869. 

Duncan,  Joseph,  a  Representative  from  Illinois; 
born  in  Paris,  Bourbon  county,  Ky.,  February  22, 
1794;  pursued  classical  studies;  studied  law;  lieu- 
tenant of  United  States  infantry  in  the  war  of  1812, 
and  distinguished  himself  at  the  defense  of  Fort 
Stephenson;  moved  to  Illinois  in  1818  and  settled 
in  Kaskaskia;  held  several  local  offices;  state  sen- 
ator 1824-1826;  elected  as  a  Jackson  Democrat  to 
the  Twentieth,  Twenty-first,  Twenty-second,  and 
Twenty- third  Congresses;  and  served  from  March  4, 
1827,  until  September  21,  1834,  when  he  resigned; 
moved  to  Jacksonville,  111.,  in  1829;  governor  of 
Illinois  1834-1838;  died  in  Jacksonville,  111.,  Jan- 
uary 15,  1844. 

Duncan,  William  Addison,  a  Representative 
from  Pennsylvania;  born  in  Franklin  township, 
Adams  county,  Pa.,  February  2,  1836;  was  gradu- 
ated from  Franklin  and  Marshall  college,  in  Lan- 
caster, in  1857;  read  law,  and  was  admitted  to  the 
bar  in  Gettysburg  in  1859;  elected  district  attorney 
in  1862  and  in  1868;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the 
Forty-eighth  Congress,  and  served  from  March  4, 
1883,  until  his  death  in  Gettysburg,  Pa.,  Novem- 
ber 14,  1884. 


618 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIEECTORY. 


Dungan,  Irvine,  a  Representative  from  Ohio; 
born  in  Canonsburg,  Washington  county,  Pa.,  May 
29,  1844;  received  a  collegiate  training;  studied 
law  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar;  served  till  the 
close  of  the  Civil  war  in  the  nineteenth  Iowa 
infantry;  captured  and  confined  ten  months  in  a 
military  prison;  mayor  of  Jackson,  Ohio,  in  1869; 
state  senator  in  1877;  led  the  Democratic  electoral 
ticket  in  Ohio  in  1888;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to 
the  Fifty-second  Congress  (March  4,  1891-March 

3,  1893);  after  retirement  from  Congress  practiced 
law  in  Jackson,  Ohio. 

Dunham,  Cyrus  L.,  a  Representative  from  In- 
diana; native  of  New  York;  self-educated;  moved 
to"  Indiana  and  located  in  Salem;  studied  law  and 
was  admitted  to  the  bar;  member  of  the  state  house 
of  representatives  3846-1847;  engaged  in  agricul- 
ture; elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Thirty-first, 
Thirty-second,  and  Thirty- third  Congresses  (March 

4,  1849-March  3,  1855);  defeated  as  a  candidate  for 
the  Thirty-fourth  Congress;  again  elected  a  mem- 
ber of  the  state  house  of  representatives;  died  in 
Valley  Farm,  Ind.,  October  15,  1856. 

Dunham,  Ransom  Williams,  a  Representa- 
tive from  Illinois;  born  in  Savoy,  Mass.,  March  21 
1838;  attended  the  common  schools,  closing  at  the 
high  school  in  Springfield,  Mass.;  engaged  in  the 
office  of  the  Massachusetts  Mutual  life  insurance 
company  from  August,  1855,  to  August,  1860; 
moved  to  Chicago  April  1, 1857;  grain  and  provision 
commission  merchant;  president  of  the  board  of 
trade  of  Chicago  in  1882;  elected  as  a  Republican 
to  the  Forty-eighth,  Forty-ninth,  and  Fiftieth 
Congresses  (March  4,  1883-March  3,  1889);  died  in 
Springfield,  Mass.,  August  19,  1896. 

Dunlap,  George  Washington,  a  Representa- 
tive from  Kentucky;  born  in  Fayette  county,  Ky., 
February  22,  1813;  was  graduated  from  Transyl- 
vania-university in  1834;  studied  law  and  was  ad- 
mitted to  the  bar,  and  began  practice  in  Lancaster, 
Ky.;  commissioner  of  the  circuit  court  1843-1874; 
member  of  the  state  house  of  representatives  in 
1853;  elected  as  a  Unionist  to  the  Thirty-seventh 
Congress  (March  4,  1861-March  3,  1863);  presiden- 
tial elector  on  the  McClellan  and  Pendleton  ticket 
in  1864;  died  in  Lancaster,  Garrard  county,  Ky., 
June  6,  1880. 

Dunlap,  Robert  Pinckney,  a  Representative 
from  Maine;  born  in  Brunswick,  Me.,  August  17, 
1794;  was  graduated  from  Bowdoin  college  in  1815; 
studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1818;  began 
practice  in  Brunswick,  Me.;  member  of  the  state 
house  of  representatives  1821-1823,  and  of  the  state 
senate  1823-1832;  president  of  the  state  senate  four 
years;  an  executive  councilor  in  1833;  governor  of 
Maine  1834-1838;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the 
Twenty-eighth  and  Twenty-ninth  Congresses 
(March  4,  1843-March  3,  1847);  collector  of  customs 
in  Portland,  Me.,  1848-1849;  president  of  the  board 
of  overseers  of  Bowdoin  college;  died  in  Brunswick, 
Me.,  October  20,  1859. 

Dunlap,  William  C.,  a  Representative  from 
Tennessee;  a  native  of  Tennessee;  elected  to  the 
Twenty-third  and  Twenty-fourth  Congresses 
(March  4,  1833-March  3,  1837);  moved  to  Texas  in 
1838;  minister  to  Mexico  in  1839. 

Dunn,  George  G.,  a  Representative  from  In- 
diana; born  in  1813;  completed  preparatory  studies; 
studied  law;  admitted  to  the  bar  and  began  prac- 
tice in  Bedford,  Ind.;  elected  as  a  Whig  to  the 


Thirtieth  Congress  (March  4,  1847-March  3,  1849), 
reelected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Thirty-fourth  Con- 
gress (March  4,  1855-March  3,  1857);  died  in  Bed- 
ford, Ind.,  September  4,  1857. 

Dunn,  George  Hebford,  a  Representative 
from  Indiana;  resided  in  Lawrenceburg,  Ind.; 
member  of  the  state  legislature  1828,  1832,  1833; 
treasurer  of  state  1841-1844;  defeated  as  the  Whig 
candidate  for  Congress  in  1835;  elected  as  a  Whig 
to  the  Twenty-fifth  Congress  (March  4, 1837-March 
3,  1839);  defeated  for  the  Twenty-sixth  Congress; 
died  in  Lawrenceburg,  Ind.,  January  12,  1854. 

Dunn,  John  Thomas,  a  Representative  from 
New  Jersey;  born  in  Tipperary,  Ireland,  June  4, 
1838, and  moved  with  his  father  to  New  Jersey;  com- 
pleted elementary  studies  at  home;  studied  law 
and  was  admitted  to  the  bar;  engaged  in  business 
in  1862  and  acquired  a  competency;  elected  alder- 
man of  Elizabeth,  N.  J.,  in  1878;  four  times  elected 
to  the  legislature  of  New  Jersey ;  speaker  of  the  house 
in  1882;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Fifty-third 
Congress  (March  4,  1893-March  3,  1895);  resumed 
the  practice  of  law;  died  in  Elizabeth,  N.  J.,  Feb- 
ruary 22,  1907. 

Dunn,  Poindexter,  a  Representative  from 
Arkansas;  born  in  Wake  county,  N.  C.,  November 
3,  1834;  moved  with  his  father  to  Limestone 
county,  Ala.,  in  1837;  attended  the  county  schools, 
four  years  in  Jackson  college  in  Columbia,  Tenn., 
where  he  was  graduated  in  1854;  studied  law  and 
was  admitted  to  the  bar;  moved  to  St.  Francis 
county,  Ark.,  in  March,  1856;  engaged  in  cotton 
growing  until  1861;  elected  to  the  lower  house 
of  the  state  legislature  as  a  Democrat  in  1858; 
served  in  the  Confederate  army  during  the  war; 
commenced  the  practice  of  law  in  1867;  on  the 
Democratic  electoral  ticket  for  Arkansas  in  1872 
and  1876;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Forty-sixth 
and  to  the  four  succeeding  Congresses  (March  4, 
1879-March  3,  1889);  after  retirement  from  Con- 
gress settled  in  Texarkana,  Ark. 

Dunn,  William  McKee,  a  Representative  from 
Indiana;  born  in  Indiana  Territory,  December  12, 
1814 ;  was  graduated  from  the  Indiana  state  college  in 
1832,  and  from  Yale  college  in  1835;  studied  law,  was 
admitted  to  the  bar,  and  practiced ;  member  of  the 
state  house  of  representatives  in  1848;  delegate  to 
the  state  constitutional  convention  in  1850;  elected 
as  a  Republican  to  the  Thirty-sixth  and  Thirty- 
seventh  Congresses  (March  4,  1859-March  3,  1863); 
defeated  for  the  Thirty-eighth  Congress;  appointed 
assistant  judge  advocate  general  of  the  United 
States  army,  and  December,  1875,  promoted  to 
judge  advocate  general;  died  in  Maplewood, 
Fairfax  county,  Va.,  July  24,  1887. 

Dunnell,  Mark  Hill,  a  Representative  from 
Minnesota;  born  in  Buxton,  Me.,  July  2,  1823;  was 
graduated  from  Colby  university,  Maine,  in  1849; 
for  five  years  principal  of  Norway  and  Hebron 
academies;  member  of  the  Maine  house  of  repre- 
sentatives in  1854,  and  of  the  state  senate  in  1855; 
during  the  years  1855,  1857,  1858,  and  1859  was 
state  superintendent  of  common  schools;  delegate 
to  the  national  Republican  convention  at  Phila- 
delphia in  1856;  commenced  the  practice  of  law  in 
Portland,  Me.,  in  1860;  entered  the  Union  army 
as  colonel  of  the  fifth  Maine  infantry  in  1861; 
United  States  consul  in  Veracruz,  Mexico,  in  1862; 
in  January,  1865,  became  a  citizen  of  Minnesota; 
member  of  the  Minnesota  house  of  representatives 
in  1867;  state  superintendent  of  public  instruction 


BIOGRAPHIES. 


619 


from  April,  1867,  to  August,  1870;  elected  as  a  Re- 
publican to  the  Forty-second  and  to  the  five  suc- 
ceeding Congresses  (March  4,  1871-March  3,  1883), 
reelected  to  the  Fifty-first  Congress  (March  4, 
1889-March  3,  1891);  located  in  Washington,  D.  C.; 
died  in  Owatonna,  Minn.,  August  9,  1904. 

Dunphy,  Edward  J.,  a  Representative  from 
New  York;  born  in  New  York  City  May  12,  1856; 
attended  the  public  schools  of  his  native  city,  and 
in  1871  began  a  collegiate  course  at  Mount  St. 
Mary's  college,  in  Emmitsburg,  Md.,  studied  law 
and  was  admitted  to  the  bar;  connected  with  the 
law  department  of  the  New  York  Central  and 
Hudson  River  railroad  company;  elected  as  a 
Tammany  Democrat  to  the  Fifty-first,  Fifty- 
second,  and  Fifty- third  Congresses  (March  4,  1889- 
March  3,  1895);  resumed  the  practice  of  law  in 
New  York  City. 

Dunwell,  Charles  Tappan,  a  Representative 
from  New  York;  born  in  Newark,  Wayne  county, 
N.  Y.,  February  13, 1852;  removed  with  his  parerts 
to  Lyons,  Wayne  county,  N.  Y.,  in  1854;  attended 
the  Lyons  Union  school;  entered  Cornell  univer- 
sity in  the  class  of  1873;  at  the  close  of  his  junior 
year  entered  Columbia  college  law  school  in  the 
city  of  New  York,  where  he  was  graduated  in  1874 
with  the  degree  of  LL.  B.;  admitted  to  the  bar  of 
New  York  state  in  May,  1874;  practiced  law  for 
many  years  in  New  York  City;  general  agent  for 
the  New  York  Life  Insurance  company  in  1889; 
defeated  for  comptroller  of  the  city  of  Brooklyn  in 
1890;  member  of  the  New  York  Republican  state 
committee,  1891-1892;  elected  as  a  Republican  to 
the  Fifty-eighth,  Fifty-ninth,  and  Sixtieth  Con- 
gresses, and  served  from  March  4,  1903,  until  his 
death,  in  Brooklyn.  N.  Y.,  June  12,  1908. 

du  Pont,  Henry  Algernon,  a  Senator  from 
Delaware;  born  in  Eleutherean  Mills,  Newcastle 
county,  Del.,  July  30,  1838;  attended  private 
schools;  entered  the  University  of  Pennsylvania 
in  Philadelphia  in  1855,  where  he  spent  a  year  in 
the  sophomore  and  junior  classes;  was  graduated 
from  the  United  States  military  academy  May  6, 
1861;  commissioned  second  lieutenant,  corps  of  en- 
gineers; first  lieutenant,  fifth  regiment  United 
States  artillery,  May  14, 1861 ;  adjutant  July  6, 1861, 
to  March  24,  1864;  captain  March  24,  1864;  brevet 
major  September  19,  1864,  "for  gallant  services  at 
the  battles  of  Opequan  and  Fishers  Hill,  Va.;" 
lieutenant  colonel  October  19,  1864,  "for  distin- 
guished service  at  the  battle  of  Cedar  Creek,  Va. ; " 
awarded  a  medal  of  honor  March  22,  1898,  "for  gal- 
lant conduct"  at  the  last-named  battle  (October 
19,  1864),  "while  chief  of  artillery,  army  of  West 
Virginia,  by  his  brave  bearing,  most  distinguished 
gallantry,  and  voluntary  exposure  to  the  enemy's 
guns  at  a  critical  moment,  when  the  Union  line 
had  been  broken  and  defeated,  he  encouraged  his 
men  to  stand  to  their  guns,  checked  the  advance  of 
the  enemy,  and  brought  off  the  most  of  his  guns; " 
resigned  March  1,  1875;  was  president  and  general 
manager  of  the  Wilmington  and  Northern  railroad 
company  from  1879  to  1899;  retired  from  active  busi- 
ness and  engaged  in  agricultural  pursuits;  elected  as 
a  Republican  to  the  United  States  Senate  June  13, 
1906,  to  serve  the  unexpired  portion  of  the  term 
beginning  March  4,  1905;  took  his  seat  December 
3,  1906;  reelected  for  the  term  beginning  March  4, 
1911. 

Dupre,  Henry  Garland,  a  Representative  from 
Louisiana;  born  in  Opelousas,  St.  Landry  parish, 
La.,  July  28,  1873;  attended  the  public  schools  of 


Opelousas,  and  was  graduated  in  1892  from  Tulane 
University  of  Louisiana,  New  Orleans,  in  1892; 
subsequently  received  the  degree  of  bachelor  of 
laws  from  the  same  institution;  began  the  practice 
of  law  in  New  Orleans  in  1895;  assistant  city  attor- 
ney of  New  Orleans  1900-1910;  member  of  the 
house  of  representatives  of  Louisiana  in  1900;  re- 
elected  in  1904  and  in  1908,  when  he  was  chosen 
speaker;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Sixty-first 
Congress  on  November  8,  1910,  to  fill  vacancy 
caused  by  the  death  of  Samuel  L.  Gilmore,  and 
served  from  December  5,  1910,  to  March  3,  1911. 
Reelected  to  the  Sixty-second  Congress. 

Durand,  George  Harman,  a  Representative 
from  Michigan;  born  in  Cobleskill,  N.  Y.,  Febru- 
ary 21, 1838;  moved  to  Flint,  Mich.,  in  1858;  studied 
law  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar;  elected  mayor  of 
Flint  in  1873,  and  reelected  in  1874;  elected  as  a 
Democrat  to  the  Forty-fourth  Congress  (March  4, 
1875-March  3,  1877);  temporarily  appointed  justice 
of  the  supreme  court  of  Michigan  in  1902;  died  in 
Flint,  Mich.,  June  8,  1903. 

Durborow,  Allan  Cathcart,  jr.,  a  Representa- 
tive from  Illinois;  born  in  Philadelphia,  Pa.,  No- 
vember 10,  1857;  moved  with  his  parents  to  Wil- 
liamsport,  Ind.,  where  he  received  his  early  school- 
ing; entered  Wabash  college,  Crawfordsville,  Ind., 
in  the  fall  of  1872;  was  graduated  from  the  Univer- 
sity of  Indiana,  Bloomington,  in  1877;  after  resid- 
ing in  Indianapolis  moved  to  Chicago;  elected  as  a 
Democrat  to  the  Fifty-second  and  Fifty-third  Con- 
gresses (March  4,  1891-March  3,  1895);  defeated 
for  the  Fifty-eighth  Congress;  engaged  in  the  in- 
surance business  in  Chicago;  died  in  Chicago,  111., 
March  8,  1908. 

Durell,  Daniel  Meserye,  a  Representative 
from  New  Hampshire;  born  in  Lee,  N.  H.,  July  20, 
1769;  was  graduated  from  Dartmouth  in  1794; 
studied  law  with  Henry  Mellen  in  Dover,  N.  H., 
and  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1797;  practiced  in 
Dover;  elected  to  the  Tenth  Congress  (March  4, 
1807-March  3,  1809);  member  of  the  state  legisla- 
ture in  1816;  chief  justice  of  the  district  court  of 
common  pleas  1816-1821;  United  States  attorney, 
district  of  New  Hampshire,  1830-1834;  died  in 
Dover,  N.  H.,  April  29,  1841. 

Durey,  Cyrus,  a  Representative-  from  New 
York;  born  in  Caroga,  Fulton  county,  N.  Y.,  May 
16,  1864;  attended  the  common  schools  and  Johns- 
town academy;  president  and  acting  manager  of 
Caroga  Lumber  company,  engaged  in  lumbering; 
was  supervisor's  clerk,  supervisor;  postmaster  of 
Johnstown  1898-1906;  member  of  the  Republican 
state  committee  1904-1906;  elected  as  a  Republi- 
can to  the  Sixtieth  and  Sixty-first  Congresses 
(March  4,  1907-March3, 1911);  collector  of  internal 
revenue  in  Johnstown,  N.  Y. 

Durfee,  Job,  a  Representative  from  Rhode  Is- 
land; bom  in  Tiverton,  R.  I.,  September  20,  1790; 
was  graduated  from  Brown  university  in  1813; 
studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  began 
practice  in  Tiverton;  member  of  the  state  house  of 
representatives  1813-1819  and  1827-1829;  elected  as 
the  People's  candidate  to  the  Seventeenth  Con- 
gress and  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Eighteenth  Congress 
(March  4,  1821-March  3,  1825);  defeated  for  the 
Nineteenth  and  Twenty-first  Congresses;  resumed 
the  practice  of  law;  elected  associate  and  chief  jus- 
tice of  the  Rhode  Island  supreme  court;  died  in 
Tiverton,  R.  I.,  July  26,  1847. 


620 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 


Durfee,  Nathaniel  Briggs,  a  Representative 
from  Rhode  Island;  born  in  Tiverton,  R.  I.,  Sep- 
tember 29,  1812;  completed  preparatory  studies; 
engaged  in  agricultural  pursuits;  member  of  the 
Rhode  Island  assembly  for  eleven  years;  elected  as 
an  American  to  the  Thirty -fourth  Congress  and  as  a 
Republican  to  the  Thirty-fifth  Congress  (March  4, 
1855-March  3,  1859);  died  in  Tiverton,  R.  I.,  No- 
vember 12,  1872. 

Durham,  Milton  Jameson,  a  Representative 
from  Kentucky;  born  in  Mercer  county  (now  Boyle 
county),  Ky.,  May  16,  1824;  was  grdauted  from  As- 
bury  university,  Indiana,  in  1844;  studied  law  and 
was  graduated  in  1850  from  the  Louisville  law 
school;  one  of  the  circuit  judges  of  Kentucky  in 
1861  and  1862;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Forty- 
third,  Forty-fourth,  and  Forty-fifth  Congresses 
(March  4,  1873-March  3,  1879);  resumed  the  prac- 
tice of  law  in  Danville,  Ky.;  died  in  Lexington, 
Ky.,  February  12,  1911. 

Durkee,  Charles,  a  Representative  and  a  Sena- 
tor from  Wisconsin;  born  in  Royal  ton,  Vt.,  Decem- 
ber 10,  1805;  completed  preparatory  studies; 
moved  to  Wisconsin;  member  of  the  territorial  leg- 
islature in  1836  and  1838;  elected  as  a  Free  Soiler  to 
the  Thirty-first  and  Thirty-second  Congresses 
(March  4,  1849-March  3,  1853);  delegate  to  the 
World's  peace  convention  in  Paris;  elected  as  a 
Republican  to  the  United  States  Senate  and  served 
from  March  4,  1855,  to  March  3,  1861;  appointed 
governor  of  Utah  in  1865,  and  served  until  failing 
health  compelled  him  to  resign;  died  in  Omaha, 
Nebr.,  January  14,  1870. 

Duval,  Gabriel,  a  Representative  from  Mary- 
land; born  in  Prince  George  county,  Md.,  Decem- 
ber 6, 1752;  completed  preparatory  studies;  studied 
law  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar;  elected  as  a 
Democrat  to  the  Third  Congress,  to  fill  vacancy 
caused  by  the  resignation  of  John  F.  Mercer; 
reelected  to  the  Fourth  Congress,  and  served  from 
November  11,  1794,  to  March  28,  1796,  when  he 
resigned;  elected  judge  of  the  supreme  court  of 
Maryland;  appointed  comptroller  of  the  currency 
in  December,  1802,  and  resigned  November  18, 
1811,  having  been  appointed  a  justice  of  the  su- 
preme court  of  the  United  States;  resigned  in  1836 
on  account  of  deafness;  died  in  Prince  George 
county,  Md.,tMarch  6,  1844. 

Duval,  Isaac  Harding,  a  Representative  from 
West  Virginia;  born  in  Wellsburg,  Brooke  county, 
Va.  (now  West  Virginia),  September  1, 1824;  com- 
pleted preparatory  studies;  entered  the  United 
States  volunteer  service  June  1,  1861,  as  major  of 
the  first  West  Virginia  infantry;  promoted  to  the 
colonelcy  of  the  ninth  West  Virginia  infantry  Sep- 
tember 6,  1862;  promoted  to  brigadier  general 
October  20,  1864,  and  subsequently  to  major  gen- 
eral by  brevet;  served  two  years  in  the  West  Vir- 
ginia state  senate;  adjutant  general  of  the  state 
two  years;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Forty- 
first  Congress  (March  4,  1869-March  3,  1871);  died 
in  Wellsburg,  W.  Va.,  July  10,  1902. 

Duval,  William  P.,  a  Representative  from  Ken- 
tucky; born  in  1784;  completed  preparatory  studies; 
moved  to  Kentucky;  studied  law  and  was  admitted 
to  the  bar;  during  the  Indian  hostilities  of  1812 
commanded  a  company  of  mounted  volunteers; 
elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Thirteenth  Congress 
(March  4,  1813-March  3,  1815);  resumed  practice 
in  Bardstown,  Ky.;  appointed  United  States  judge 
for  the  district  of  Florida;  governor  of  Florida  under 


Presidents  Monroe,  Adams,  and  Jackson,  serving 
from  1822  to  1834;  moved  to  Texas  in  1848;  died  in 
Washington,  D.  C.,  March  19,  1854. 

Dwight,  Henry  Williams,  a  Representative 
from  Massachusetts;  born  in  Stockbridge,  Mass., 
February  26,  1788;  studied  law,  and  was  admitted 
to  the  bar  in  1809,  and  began  practice  in  Stock- 
bridge;  member  of  the  state  legislature  in  1818; 
elected  to  the  Seventeenth  and  to  the  four  suc- 
ceeding Congresses  (March  4,  1821-March  3,  1831); 
died  in  New  York  City  February  21,  1845. 

Dwight,  Jeremiah  Wilber,  a  Representative 
from  New  York;  born  in  Cincinnatus,  Cortland 
county,  N.  Y.,  April  17,  1819;  reared  as  a  farmer 
and  mechanic;  attended  the  district  schools  and  a 
village  high  school;  engaged  in  mercantile  pur- 
suits, in  farming,  real  estate,  and  in  the  manufac- 
ture and  sale  of  lumber;  elected  supervisor  of  the 
town  of  Dryden  in  1857-1858;  chairman  of  the 
board;  member  of  the  state  assembly  in  1860-1861; 
appointed  by  Gov.  Morgan  a  member  of  the  sena- 
torial district  war  committee  in  1861;  delegate 
to  the  Republican  national  convention  in  Chicago 
in  1868;  director,  member  of  executive  committee, 
and  vice  president  of  the  Southern  Central  railroad 
for  many  years;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the 
Forty-fifth,  Forty-sixth,  and  Forty-seventh  Con- 
gresses (March  4,  1877-March  3,  1883);  died  in 
Dryden,  N.  Y.,  November  26,  1885. 

Dwight,  John  Wilbur,  a  Representative  from 
New  York;  born  in  Dryden,  N.  Y.,  May  24,  1859; 
attended  the  high  school  at  his  home,  and  the  mil- 
itary school  in  New  Haven,  Conn.;  delegate  to  the 
Republican  national  conventions  in  1888,  1892, 
1900,  and  1908;  engaged  in  the  banking  business 
in  Ithaca,  N.  Y.;  president  of  land  company  in 
North  Dakota,  1885-1890,  operating  wheat  farm 
12,000  acres;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Fifty- 
seventh  Congress  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  the 
resignation  of  George  W.  Ray;  reelected  to  the 
Fifty-eighth,  Fifty-ninth,  Sixtieth,  and  Sixty-first 
Congresses,  and  served  from  December  1,  1902,  to 
March  3,  1911.  Reelected  to  the  Sixty-second  Con- 
gress. 

Dwight,  Theodore,  a  Representative  from 
Connecticut;  born  in  Northampton,  Mass.,  Decem- 
ber 15,  1764;  completed  preparatory  studies; 
studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  and  began 
practice  in  Hartford,  Conn.;  served  several  years 
in  the  state  senate;  elected  as  a  Federalist  to  the 
Ninth  Congress  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  the 
resignation  of  John  Cotton  Smith;  served  from 
December  1,  1806,  to  March  3,  1807;  editor  of  the 
Hartford  Mirror;  secretary  of  the  Hartford  con- 
vention; moved  to  Albany  in  1815;  published  the 
Albany  Daily  Advertiser;  moved  to  New  York  in 
1817  and  established  the  New  York  Daily  Adver- 
tiser, with  which  he  was  connected  until  the  great 
fire  of  1835;  returned  to  Hartford;  died  in  New 
York  City  June  12,  1846. 

Dwight,  Thomas,  a  Representative  from  Massa- 
chusetts; born  in  Springfield,  Mass.,  October  29, 
1758;  was  graduated  from  Harvard  college  in  1778; 
member  of  the  state  legislature  1794-1795;  served 
in  the  state  senate  1796-1803  and  1813;  member 
of  the  governor's  council  1808-1809;  elected  to  the 
Eighth  Congress  (March  4,  1803-March  3,  1805): 
died  in  Springfield,  Mass.,  January  2,  1819. 

Dwinell,  Justin,  a  Representative  from  New 
York;  born  in  Shaftsbury,  Vt.,  October  28,  1785; 


BIOGRAPHIES. 


621 


was  graduated  from  Yale  college  in  1805;  studied 
law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1811,  and  began 
practice  in  Cazenovia,  N.  Y.,  September,  1811; 
member  of  the  state  house  of  representatives  in 
1821-1822;  elected  to  the  Eighteenth  Congress 
(March  4,  1823-March  3,  1825);  judge  of  common 
pleas  of  Madison  county,  N.  Y.,  1823-1833;  district 
attorney  in  1837-1845;  died  in  Cazenovia,  N.  Y., 
September  17,  1850. 

Dyer,  David  Patterson,  a  Representative 
from  Missouri;  born  in  Henry  county,  Va.,  Feb- 
ruary 12,  1838;  in  1841  moved  to  Lincoln  county, 
Mo.;  completed  preparatory  studies;  studied  law 
in  Bowling  Green,  Pike  county,  Mo.,  and  was 
admitted  to  the  bar  in  March,  1859;  elected  prose- 
cuting attorney  for  the  third  judicial  circuit  in 
1860;  member  of  the  legislature  1862-1865;  re- 
cruited and  commanded  the  forty-ninth  regiment 
Missouri  volunteer  infantry  during  the  Civil  war; 
secretary  of  the  state  senate  in  1866;  delegate  to 
the  Republican  national  convention  in  1868; 
elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Forty-first  Congress 
(March  4,  1869-March  3,  1871);  was  appointed 
United  States  attorney  for  the  eastern  district  of 
Missouri  in  1898. 

Dyer,  Eliphalet,  a  Delegate  from  Connecticut; 
born  in  Windham,  Conn.,  September  28,  1721; 
was  graduated  from  Yale  college  in  1740;  studied 
law  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar;  representative 
to  the  general  court  1743-1762;  appointed  in  1755 
colonel  of  a  regiment  of  Connecticut  volunteers 
raised  for  the  conquest  of  Canada;  delegate  to  the 
stamp-act  congress  in  1765;  appointed  judge  of  the 
state  supreme  court  in  1766;  Delegate  to  the  Con- 
tinental Congress  1774-1779  and  1780-1783;  chief 
justice  of  the  supreme  court  of  Connecticut  1789- 
1793;  died  in  Windham,  Conn.,  May  13,  1807. 

Eager,  Samuel  Watkins,  a  Representative 
from  New  York;  born  in  Neelytown,  Orange 
county,  N.  Y.,  April  8,  1789;  was  graduated  from 
Princeton  college  in  1809;  elected  to  the  Twenty- 
first  Congress  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  the  resigna- 
tion of  Hector  Craig,  and  served  from  December  6, 
1830,  to  March  3,  1831;  died  in  Newburgh,  N.  Y., 
December  23,  1860. 

Eames,  Benjamin  Tucker,  a  Representative 
from  Rhode  Island;  born  in  Dedham,  Mass.,  June  4, 
1818;  was  graduated  from  Yale  college  in  1843; 
studied  law,  and  in  1845  was  admitted  to  the  bar 
and  began  practice  in  Providence,  R.  I.;  delegate 
to  the  Republican  national  convention  at  Chicago, 
1860,  which  nominated  Abraham  Lincoln;  member 
of  the  house  of  representatives  in  the  general  assem- 
bly in  1868-1869;  speaker  of  the  house  of  represen- 
tatives in  1869;  member  of  the  state  senate  in  1854, 
1855, 1856,  1859,  and  1863;  elected  as  a  Republican 
to  the  Forty-second,  Forty-third,  Forty-fourth, 
and  Forty-fifth  Congresses  (March  4,  1871-March  3, 
1879);  died  in  East  Greenwich,  R.  I.,  October  6, 
1901. 

Earl,  Nehemiah  H.,  a  Representative  from 
New  York;  born  in  Onondaga  county,  N.  Y.;  at- 
tended the  public  schools;  county  judge  1823-1831  ; 
superintendent  of  the  Onondaga  salt  springs  1831- 
1836;  resided  in  Syracuse,  N.  Y. ;  elected  as  a  Demo- 
crat to  the  Twenty-sixth  Congress  (March  4,  1839- 
March  3,  1841). 

Earle,  Elias,  a  Representative  from  South  Caro- 
lina; born  in  Frederick  county,  Va.,  June  19, 1762; 
moved  to  South  Carolina  in  September,  1787; 


elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Ninth  Congress 
(March  4,  1805-March  3,  1807);  reelected  to  the 
Twelfth  and  Thirteenth  Congresses  (March  4, 1811- 
March  3, 1815);  again  elected  to  the  Fifteenth  and 
Sixteenth  Congresses  (March  4, 1817-March  3, 1821) ; 
died  in  Centerville,  S.  C.,  May  19,  1823. 

Earle,  John  Baylis,  a  Represent!  ve  from  South 
Carolina;  born  in  South  Carolina,  October  23, 
1766;  completed  preparatory  studies;  elected  to  the 
Eighth  Congress  (March  4,  1803-March  3,  1805); 
adjutant  and  inspector  general  of  South  Carolina, 
1805;  served  through  the  war  of  1812;  died  in  Ander- 
son county,  S.  C.,  February  3,  1863. 

Earle,  Joseph  Haynswortn,  a  Senator  from 
South  Carolina;  born  in  Greenville,  S.  C.,  April  30, 
1847;  attended  the  high  schools  at  that  place  until 
he  entered  the  service  of  the  Confederacy;  after  the 
war  was  graduated  from  Furman  university,  Green- 
ville, S.  C.;  studied  law  and  was  admitted  to  the 
bar  in  1870;  elected  to  the  legislature  in  1878,  and 
in  1882  elected  to  the  state  senate;  delegate  to  the 
national  Democratic  conventions  in  1880  and  1884; 
elected  attorney  general  of  South  Carolina  in  1886 
and  reelected  to  same  office  in  1888;  elected  circuit 
judge  in  1894;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  United 
States  Senate  on  January  27,  1897,  and  served 
from  March  4,  1897,  until  his  death  May  20,  1897. 

Earle,  Samuel,  a  Representative  from  South 
Carolina;  born  in  Frederick  county,  Va.,  Novem- 
ber 28,  1760;  went  to  South  Carolina  in  1774;  par- 
ticipated in  the  Revolutionary  war,  entering  the 
service  as  an  ensign  in  1777  and  leaving  as  captain 
of  a  company  of  rangers  in  1782;  representative  in 
the  state  legislature  1784-1788;  delegate  in  the 
state  convention  that  ratified  the  Federal  constitu- 
tion, May  12,  1788;  delegate  in  the  state  constitu- 
tional convention  of  1790;  elected  to  the  Fourth 
Congress  (March  4,  1795-March  3,  1797);  died  in 
Pendleton  district,  S.  C.,  November  24,  1833. 

Earll,  Jonas,  jr.,  a  Representative  from  New 
York;  born  in  1786;  resided  in  Onondaga  county, 
N.  Y.,  and  attended  the  common  schools;  sheriff  of 
Onondaga  county  1815-1819;  member  of  the  state 
house  of  representatives  1820-1821;  served  in  the 
state  senate  from  January,  1823,  to  January,  1827; 
elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Twentieth  and 
Twenty-first  Congresses  (March  4,  1827-March  3, 
1831);  elected  a  canal  commissioner,  and  served 
from  January,  1832,  to  February,  1840,  and  from 
February  8,  1842,  until  his  death  in  Syracuse, 
October  11,  1846. 

Early,  Peter,  a  Representative  from  Georgia; 
born  in  Madison  county,  Va.,  June  20,  1773;  was 
graduated  from  Princeton  college  in  1792;  studied 
law  in  Philadelphia,  Pa.;  was  admitted  to  the  bar 
and  began  practice  in  Greene  county,  Ga.,  in  1795; 
elected  to  the  Seventh  Congress,  to  fill  vacancy 
caused  by  the  resignation  of  John  Milledge;  re- 
elected  to  the  Eighth  and  Ninth  Congresses  and 
served  from  January  10,  1803,  to  March  3,  1807; 
judge  of  the  superior  courts  1807-1813;  governor 
1813-1815;  member  of  the  state  senate;  died  near 
Greensboro,  Greene  county,  Ga.,  August  15,  1817. 

Easterbrook,  Experience,  a  Delegate  from 
Nebraska  territory;  born  in  Lebanon,  N.  H., 
April  30,  1813;  completed  preparatory  studies; 
studied  law  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar;  began 
practice  in  Geneva,  Wis.,  in  1840;  delegate  to  the 
second  state  constitutional  convention;  member  of 


622 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 


the  state  house  of  representatives  in  1851;  attorney 
general  in  1852;  moved  to  Nebraska  territory  and 
served  as  district  attorney  1854-1859;  presented 
credentials  as  a  Delegate-elect  to  the  Thirty-sixth 
Congress,  and  served  from  March  4, 1859,  to  May  18, 
1860,  when  he  was  succeeded  by  Samuel  G.  Daily, 
who  contested  his  election;  moved  to  Chicago,  111., 
in  1894;  died  in  Omaha,  Nebr.,  March  26, 1894. 

Eastman,  Ben  C.,  a  Representative  from  Wis- 
consin; born  in  Strong,  Me.,  October  24,  1812;  at- 
tended the  public  schools;  studied  law,  was  ad- 
mitted to  the  bar,  and  practised  in  his  native  state 
and  New  York  City;  moved  to  Platteville,  Wis., 
in  1840;  secretary  of  the  legislative  council  of 
Wisconsin  territory  1843-1846;  elected  as  a  Demo- 
crat to  the  Thirty-second  and  Thirty-third  Con- 
gresses (March  4,  1851-March  3,  1855);  died  in 
Platteville,  Wis.,  February  2,  1856. 

Eastman,  Ira  Allen,  a  Representative  from 
New  Hampshire;  born  in  Gilmanton,  N.  H.,  Jan- 
uary 1,  1809;  was  graduated  from  Dartmouth  col- 
lege in  1829;  studied  law  and  was  admitted  to  the 
bar;  began  practice  in  Gilmanton;  served  several 
years  as  member  of  the  state  house  of  representa- 
tives and  state  senate ;  served  as  speaker  of  the  house 
1837-1839 ;  register  of  probate ;  elected  as  a  Democrat 
to  the  Twenty-sixth  and  Twenty-seventh  Con- 
gresses (March  4, 1839-March  3, 1843);  judge  of  the 
common  pleas,  superior,  and  supreme  courts  1844— 
1859;  died  in  Manchester,  N.  H.,  March  21,  1881. 

Eastman,  Nehemiah,  a  Representative  from 
New  Hampshire;  born  in  Gilmanton,  N.  H.,  June 
16,  1782;  completed  preparatory  studies;  studied 
law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  began  practice 
in  Farmington,  N.  H.,  in  1807;  elected  to  the  state 
house  of  representatives  in  1813;  member  of  the 
state  senate  1820-1825;  elected  to  the  Nineteenth 
Congress  (March  4,  1825-March  3,  1827);  died  in 
Farmington,  N.  H.,  January  11,  1856. 

E  as  ton,  Rufus,  a  Delegate  from  Missouri  Terri- 
tory; elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Thirteenth  and 
Fourteenth  Congresses,  and  was  seated  in  the  latter 
January  13,  1817,  after  contesting  the  election  of 
John  Scott,  and  served  from  November  16, 1814,  to 
March  3,  1815,  and  from  January  13, 1817,  to  March 
3,  1817. 

Eaton,  John  Henry,  a  Senator  from  Tennessee; 
born  in  Tennessee  in  1800;  completed  preparatory 
studies;  studied  law  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar; 
practiced  in  Nashville;  elected  to  the  United  States 
Senate  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  the  resignation  of 
George  W.  Campbell;  reelected,  and  served  from 
September  5,  1818,  to  March  9,  1829,  when  he  re- 
signed; appointed  Secretary  of  War  by  President 
Jackson;  resigned  June  18,  1831;  governor  of  Flor- 
ida 1834-1836;  minister  to  Spain  1836-1840;  died 
in  Washington,  D.  C.,  November  17,  1856. 

Eaton,  Lewis,  a  Representative  from  New 
York;  native  of  that  state;  sheriff  of  Schoharie 
county  in  1821  and  1822;  elected  to  the  Eighteenth 
Congress  (March  4,  1823-March  3,  1825);  member 
of  the  state  senate  January,  1829,  to  January,  1833. 

Eaton,  William  Wallace,  a  Senator  and  a  Repre- 
sentative from  Connecticut ;  born  in  Tolland,  Conn . , 
October  11,  1816;  completed  preparatory  studies; 
studied  law  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1837; 
served  in  the  state  senate ;  clerk  of  the  superior  and 
supreme  courts  of  Tolland  and  Hartford  counties; 


served  four  years  as  recorder  of  Hartford  county; 
member  of  the  state  house  of  representatives  in 
1847,  1848,  1853,  1863,  1868,  1870,  1871,  1873,  and 
1874;  speaker  of  the  house  1853  and  1873;  member 
of  the  state  senate  of  Connecticut  in  1850;  ap- 
pointed to  the  United  States  Senate  to  fill  vacancy 
caused  by  the  death  of  William  A.  Buckingham; 
subsequently  elected  to  fill  the  vacancy,  and 
served  from  February  5,  1875,  to  March  3,  1881; 
elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Forty-eighth  Con- 
gress (March  4,  1883-March  3,  1885);  died  in  Hart- 
ford, Conn.,  September  21,  1898. 

Eckert,  George  N.,  a  Representative  from 
Pennsylvania;  elected  as  a  WThig  to  the  Thirtieth 
Congress  (March  4,  1847-March  3,  1849). 

Eckley,  Ephraim.  Ralph,  a  Representative 
from  Ohio;  born  in  Jefferson  county,  Ohio,  Decem- 
ber 9,  1841;  completed  preparatory  studies;  studied 
law  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar;  began  practice 
in  Carrollton,  Ohio,  in  1837;  member  of  the  state 
senate  of  Ohio  in  1843,  1846,  1849-1850;  member 
of  the  house  of  representatives  in  1853;  served  in 
the  Union  army  as  colonel  of  the  twenty-sixth 
Ohio  volunteers  and  of  the  eightieth  Ohio  volun- 
teers; elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Th'irty-eighth, 
Thirty-ninth,  and  Fortieth  Congresses  (March  4, 
1863-March  3,  1869);  resumed  the  practice  of  law 
in  Carrollton,  Ohio,  and  died  there  March  27. 
1908. 

Eddy,  Frank  Marion,  a  Representative  from 
Minnesota;  born  in  Pleasant  Grove,  Minn.,  April 
1,  1856;  attended  and  taught  school  until  1882;  in 
the  employ  of  the  Northern  Pacific  railroad  as  a 
land  examiner;  clerk  of  the  district  court  of  Pope 
county  in  1884;  first  Representative  from  Minne- 
sota who  was  a  native  of  that  state;  elected  as  a 
Republican  to  the  Fifty-fourth,  Fifty-fifth,  Fifty- 
sixth,  and  Fifty-seventh  Congresses  (March  4, 1895- 
March  3, 1903);  declined  a  renomination;  member 
of  the  Minnesota  immigration  bureau,  and  resides 
in  Sauk  Center,  Minn. 

Eddy,  Norman,  a  Representative  from  Indiana; 
born  in  Scipio,  N.  Y.,  December  10,  1810;  was 
graduated  from  the  medical  department  of  the 
University  of  Pennsylvania  in  1835;  went  to  In- 
diana and  located  in  Mishawaka  and  practiced 
medicine  there  until  1847;  studied  law,  moved  to 
South  Bend,  Ind.,  in  1847  and  practiced  law; 
state  senator  in  1850;  held  several  local  offices; 
elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Thirty-third  Congress 
(March  4,  1853-March  3,  1855);  defeated  for  re- 
election; colonel  of  the  forty-eighth  Indiana  regi- 
ment of  volunteers  during  the  Civil  war;  collector 
of  internal  revenue  1865-1870;  elected  secretary  of 
state  in  1870;  died  in  Indianapolis,  Ind.,  January 
28,  1872. 

Eddy,  Samuel,  a  Representative  from  Rhode 
Island;  born  in  Johnston,  R.  I.,  March  31,  1769; 
completed  preparatory  studies;  was  graduated 
from  Brown  university  in  1787;  studied  law  and 
was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1790;  practiced  a  short 
time  in  Providence;  clerk  of  the  supreme  court 
1790-1793;  secretary  of  state  1798-1819;  elected  as 
a  Democrat  to  the  Sixteenth,  Seventeenth,  and 
Eighteenth  Congresses  (March  4,  1819-March  3, 
1825);  defeated  for  the  Nineteenth  and  Twenty- 
first  Congresses;  associate  justice  of  the  state  su- 
preme court  1826-1827,  and  served  as  chief  justice 
of  Rhode  Island  1827-1835;  died  in  Providence, 
R.  I.,  February  2,  1839. 


BIOGRAPHIES. 


623 


Eden,  John  Rice,  a  Representative  from 
Illinois;  born  in  Bath  county,  Ky.,  February  1, 
1826;  moved  with  his  parents  to  Indiana;  studied 
law  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar;  began  practice 
in  Sullivan,  111.;  state  attorney  for  the  seventeenth 
judicial  district  of  Illinois  1856-1860;  elected  as  a 
Democrat  to  the  Thirty-eighth  Congress  (March  4, 
1863-March  3,  1865);  was  the  Democratic  nominee 
for  governor  of  Illinois  in  1868;  reelected  to  the 
Forty-third  Forty-fourth,  and  Forty-fifth  Congresses 
(March  4, 1873-March  3,  1879);  again  elected  to  the 
Forty-ninth  Congress  (March 4, 1885-March3, 1887); 
after  leaving  Congress  resumed  the  practice  of  law 
in  Sullivan,  111.,  and  died  there,  June  9,  1909. 

Edgerton,  Alfred  Peck,  a  Representative 
from  Ohio;  born  in  Plattsburg,  N.  Y.,  January  11, 
1813;  moved  with  his  parents  to  Hicksville,  Ohio; 
pursued  an  academic  course;  elected  as  a  Democrat 
to  the  Thirty-second  and  Thirty-third  Congresses 
(March  4,  1851-March  3,  1855);  chairman  United 
States  civil  service  commission  1885;  died  in 
Hicksville,  Ohio,  May  14,  1897. 

Edgerton,  Alonzo  Jay,  a  Senator  from  Min- 
nesota; born  in  Rome,  'N.  Y.,  June  7,  1827; 
was  graduated  from  Wesleyan  university  in  1850; 
settled  at  Mantorville,  Minn.,  in  1855;  studied 
law  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar;  captain  in  the 
tenth  Minnesota  volunteer  regiment  during  the 
Civil  war  and  brevetted  brigadier  general;  removed 
to  Kasson,  Minn.,  in  1878;  state  senator  in  1859 
and  again  in  1877-78;  appointed  to  the  United 
States  Senate  to  fill  the  vacancy  caused  by  the 
resignation  of  William  Windom,  and  served  from 
March  12,  1881,  to  October  26,  1881;  died  in  Sioux 
Falls,  S.  Dak.,  August  9,  1896. 

Edgerton,  Joseph  Ketchum,  a  Representa- 
tive from  Indiana;  born  in  Vergennes,  Vt.,  Feb- 
ruary 16,  1818;  attended  the  public  schools  of 
Clinton  county,  N.  Y.;  studied  law  in  Plattsburg 
and  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  New  York  City  in 
1839;  moved  to  Fort  Wayne,  Ind.,  in  1854;  became 
president  of  the  Fort  Wayne  and  Chicago  railroad; 
elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Thirty-eighth  Con- 
gress (March  4,  1863-March  3,  1865);  defeated  for 
reelection;  died  in  Boston,  Mass.,  August  25,  1893. 

Edgerton,  Sidney,  a  Representative  from 
Ohio;  born  in  Cazenovia,  N.  Y.,  August  17,  1818; 
received  a  limited  schooling;  moved  to  Ohio  in 
1864;  studied  law  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar; 
began  practice  in  Talmadge,  Ohio;  for  four  years 
prosecuting  attorney  for  Summit  county;  elected 
as  a  Republican  to  the  Thirty-sixth  and  Thirty- 
seventh  Congresses  (March  4,  1859-March  3,  1863); 
appointed  United  States  judge  for  the  territory  of 
Idaho  in  1864,  and  governor  of  Montana  1865-1866; 
resumed  the  practice  of  law;  died  in  Akron,  Ohio, 
July  19,  1900. 

Edie,  John  Rufus,  a  Representative  from 
Pennsylvania;  born  in  Gettysburg,  Pa.,  January 
14,  1814;  attended  tho  public  schools;  elected  as  a 
Whig  to  the  Thirty-fourth  and  Thirty-fifth  Con- 
gresses (March  4,  1855-March  3,  1859);  served  as 
lieutenant  during  Civil  war;  died  in  Somerset, 
Pa.,  August  27,  1888. 

Edmands,  John  Wiley,  a  Representative  from 
Massachusetts;  born  in  Boston,  Mass.,  March  1, 
1809;  completed  preparatory  studies;  member  of 
the  firm  of  Abbott  &  Amos  Lawrence,  Boston,  from 
which  he  retired  in  1843;  interested  in  woolen 


mills  in  Dedham,  Mass.,  and  tho  Pacific  Mills 
company  in  Lawrence,  Mass.,  with  residence  in 
Newton;  elected  as  a  Whig  to  the  Thirty-third 
Congress  (March  4,  1853-March  3,  1855);  declined 
to  be  a  candidate  for  reelection ;  treasurer  of  the 
Pacific  mills  at  Lawrence  in  1855;  presidential 
elector  on  the  Grant  and  Colfax  ticket  in  1868; 
died  in  Newton,  Mass.,  January  31,  1877. 

Edmond,  William,  a  Representative  from  Con- 
necticut; born  in  South  bury,  Conn.,  September 
28,  1755;  was  graduated  from  Yale  college  in  1777; 
wounded  at  the  battle  of  Danbury  while  serving 
in  the  Revolutionary  army;  studied  law  and  was 
admitted  to  the  bar  in  1780;  began  practice  in 
Newtown,  Conn.;  member  of  the  state  house  of 
representatives;  judge  of  the  state  supreme  court; 
elected  as  a  Federalist  to  the  Fifth  Congress,  to 
fill  vacancy  caused'by  the  death  of  James  Daven- 
port; reelected  to  the  Sixth  Congress  and  served 
from  November  13,  1797,  to  March  3,  1801;  died 
in  Newtown,  Conn.,  August  1,  1838. 

Edmunds,  George  Franklin,  a  Senator  from 
Vermont;  born  in  Richmond,  Vt.,  February  1, 1828; 
attended  the  public  schools  and  received  instruc- 
tions from  a  private  tutor;  studied  law  in  Burling- 
ton, yt.,  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1849  and 
practiced;  member  of  the  state  legislature  of  Ver- 
mont in  1854,  1855,  1857,  1858,  and  1859;  served 
three  years  as  speaker;  a  member  of  the  state  senate, 
and  its  presiding  officer  pro  tempore  in  1861-1862; 
appointed  as  a  Republican  to  the  United  States 
Senate,  to  fill  the  vacancy  caused  by  the  death  of 
Solomon  Foot;  subsequently  elected  to  fill  the 
vacancy  and  four  times  reelected,  and  served  from 
April  3,  1866,  to  November  1,  1891,  when  he  re- 
signed; president  of  the  Senate  pro  tempore  March 
3,  1883,  to  March  3,  1885;  member  of  the  electoral 
commission  of  1876;  after  leaving  the  United  States 
Senate  he  located  in  Philadelphia,  Pa.,  where  he 
resumed  the  practice  of  law. 

Edmunds,  Paul  Carrington,  a  Representative 
from  Virginia;  born  in  Halifax  county,  Va.,  No- 
vember 1,  1836;  trained  by  a  private  tutor;  attended 
the  University  of  Virginia  and  was  graduated  in 
law  from  William  and  Mary  college,  Williamsburg, 
Va.;  was  admitted  to  the  bar;  practiced  in  Jeffer- 
son City,  Mo.;  returned  to  Virginia  in  1858; 
engaged  in  agriculture  on  his  farm  in  Halifax 
county;  elected  to  the  senate  of  Virginia  in  1881, 
and  served  four  terms;  reelected  in  1884;  dele- 
gate to  the  Democratic  national  convention  in 
Chicago  in  1884;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Fifty- 
first,  Fifty-second,  and  Fifty-third  Congresses 
(March  4,  1889-March  3,  1895);  died  in  Houston, 
Halifax  county,  Va.,  March  12,  1899. 

Edmunds  ton,  Henry  Alonzo,  a  Representa- 
tive from  Virginia;  born  in  Blacksburg,  Mont- 
gomery county,  Va.,  June  8,  1814;  completed  pre- 
paratory studies;  studied  law  and  was  admitted 
to  the  bar  and  began  practice  in  Salem;  elected  to 
the  Thirty-first,  Thirty-second,  Thirty-third, 
Thirty-fourth,  Thirty-fifth  and  Thirty-sixth  Con- 
gresses (March  4,  1849-March  3,  1861);  died  in  his 
home  in  Falling  Waters,  Montgomery  county,  Va., 
December  16,  1890. 

Edsall,  Joseph  E.,  a  Representative  from  New 
Jersey;  born  in  Sussex  county,  N.  J.;  attended  the 
common  schools,  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the 
Twenty-ninth  and  Thirtieth  Congresses  (March  4, 
1845-March  3,  1849). 


624 


CONGRESSIONAL   DIRECTORY. 


Edwards,  Benjamin,  a  Representative  from 
Maryland;  born  in  Stafford  county,  Va.,  in  1752; 
attended  the  common  schools;  member  of  the  state 
legislature;  delegate  to  the  state  convention  which 
ratified  the  Federal  Constitution;  elected  to  the 
Third  Congress  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  the  resig- 
nation of  Uriah  Forrest,  and  served  from  January 
2,  1795,  to  March  3,  1795;  moved  to  Todd  county, 
Ky.,  and  died  there  November  13,  1826. 

Edwards,  Caldwell,  a  Representative  from 
Montana;  born  in  Sag  Harbor,  N.  Y.,  January  8, 
1841;  attended  the  district  schools;  salesman  and 
bookkeeper  in  dry  goods  stores;  moved  to  Montana 
in  the  summer  of  1864;  located  on  a  farm  that  fall; 
three  times  elected  a  member  of  the  territorial  leg- 
islature; elected  on  a  fusion  ticket  to  the  Fifty- 
seventh  Congress  (March  4,  1901-March  3,  1903). 

Edwards,  Charles  Gordon,  a  Representative 
from  Georgia;  born  in  Tattnall  county,  Ga.,  July  2, 
1878;  attended  the  county  schools,  Gordon  insti- 
tute, Barnesville,  Ga.,  and  the  agricultural  college 
of  Lake  City,  Fla. ;  was  graduated  from  the  Univer- 
sity of  Georgia,  law  department,  in  June,  1898; 
was  admitted  to  the  bar;  practiced  in  Reidsville 
and  Savannah;  engaged  also  in  numerous  industries 
and  in  banking;  member  of  the  Georgia  state  militia 
for  several  years;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the 
Sixtieth  and  Sixty-first  Congresses  (March  4,  1907- 
March  3,  1911).  Reelected  to  the  Sixty-second 
Congress. 

Edwards,  Don  Calvin,  a  Representative  from 
Kentucky;  born  in  Appanoose  county,  Iowa,  July 
13,  1861;  attended  the  common  schools  of  Iowa  and 
Kansas,  and  the  University  of  Holton,  Kans.;  lo- 
cated in  Laurel  county,  Ky.,  in  1892;  engaged  in 
manufacturing  and  the  wholesale  lumber  business; 
clerk  and  master  commissioner  of  the  Laurel  circuit 
court  from  1898  to  1904;  elected  as  a  Republican 
to  the  Fifty-ninth,  Sixtieth,  and  Sixty-first  Con- 
gresses (March  4,  1905-March  3, 1911);  defeated  for 
reelection  to  the  Sixty-second  Congress;  resumed 
the  lumber  and  whosesale  groceries  business  in 
London,  Ky. 

Edwards,  Francis  Smith,  a  Representative 
from  New  York;  born  in  Windsor,  Broome  county, 
N.  Y., May  28, 1817;  completed  preparatory  studies 
attended  Hamilton  college  but  did  not  graduate; 
studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  May  20, 
1840,  and  began  practice  in  Fredonia,  Chautauqua 
county,  N.  Y.;  appointed  master  and  examiner  in 
chancery  for  Chenaugo  county  in  1842 ;  appointed 
special  county  surrogate  of  Chautauqua  county  i;i 
1853,  and  served  until  November  1,  1855;  elected 
as  an  American  to  the  Thirty-fourth  Congress,  and 
served  from  March  4,  1855,  to  February  28,  1857, 
when  he  resigned;  defeated  for  reelection  to  the 
Thirty-fifth  Congress;  located  in  Dunkirk,  N.  Y., 
in  1859;  city  attorney  for  nine  years;  elected  police 
justice  in  1895  and  served  until  ten  days  before  his 
death;  died  in  Dunkirk,  N.  Y.,  May  20,  1899. 

Edwards,  Henry  Waggaman,  a  Representa- 
tive and  a  Senator  from  Connecticut;  born  in  New 
Haven,  Conn.,  in  October,  1779;  was  graduated 
from  Princeton  college  in  1797 ;  studied  law  at  the 
Litchfield  law  school;  admitted  to  the  bar  and  be- 
gan practice  in  New  Haven,  Conn.;  elected  as  a 
Democrat  to  the  Sixteenth  and  Seventeenth  Con- 
gresses (March  4,  1819-March  3,  1823);  appointed 
to  the  United  States  Senate  to  fill  vacancy  caused 
by  the  death  of  Elijah  Boardman;  subsequently 
elected  and  served  from  October  8,  1823,  to  March 


3,  1827;  member  of  the  state  house  of  representa- 
tives in  1830,  served  as  speaker,  and  again  1835- 
1838;  died  in  New  Haven,  Conn.,  July  22,  1847. 

Edwards,  John,  a  Senator  from  Kentucky; 
born  in  Stafford  county,  Va.,  in  1755;  moved  to 
Fayette  county,  Ky.,  in  1780;  member  of  the  state 
house  of  representatives  1781-1783  and  1785;  dele- 
gate to  the  state  convention  to  ratify  the  Federal 
Constitution,  June  26,  1788;  a  delegate  in  the 
eight  conventions  called  to  define  the  limits  of  the 
new  state  of  Kentucky  1785-1788,  and  in  the  con- 
vention of  1792  that  framed  the  constitution  of 
Kentucky;  elected  to  the  United  States  Senate  and 
served  from  June  18,  1792,  to  March  3,  1795;  died 
upon  his  plantation  in  Bourbon  county,  Ky.,  in 
1837. 

Edwards,  John,  a  Representative  from  New 
York;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Twenty-fifth 
Congress  (March  4,  1837-March  3,  1839). 

Edwards,  John,  a  Representative  from  Penn- 
sylvania; native  of  Ivy  Mills,  Pa.;  elected  as  a 
Whig  to  the  Twenty-sixth  and  Twenty-seventh 
Congresses  (March  4,  1839-March  3,  1843);  died  in 
Chester,  Pa.,  June  25,  1843. 

Edwards,  John,  a  Representative  from  Arkan- 
sas; born  in  Louisville,  Jefferson  County,  Ky., 
October  24,  1805;  received  a  limited  schooling; 
studied  law  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar;  moved  to 
Indiana,  where  he  served  in  the  state  legislature 
1845-1849;  moved  to  California,  and  in  1849  was 
elected  an  alcalde;  returned  to  Indiana  in  1852, 
elected  to  the  state  senate;  moved  to  Chariton,  Iowa, 
in  1855,  member  of  the  state  constitutional  con- 
vention; served  in  the  state  legislature  1856-1860, 
the  last  two  years  as  speaker  of  the  house;  appointed 
lieutenant  colonel,  May  21, 1861,  on  the  staff  of  the 
governor  of  Iowa,  colonel  of  the  eighteenth  Iowa 
infantry  August  8,  1862;  brigadier  general  of  vol- 
unteers September  26,  1864;  honorably  mustered 
put  January  15, 1866;  at  the  close  of  the  war  settled 
in  Fort  Smith,  Ark. ;  appointed  by  President  John- 
son United  States  assessor  of  internal  revenue  and 
served  two  years;  elected  as  a  Liberal  Republican 
to  the  Forty-second  Congress  and  served  from 
March  4,  1871,  to  February  9,  1872,  when  he  was 
succeeded  by  Thomas  Boles,  who  contested  his 
election;  after  leaving  Congress  located  in  Wash- 
ington, D.  C.;  died  in  Washington,  D.  C.,  April 
8,  1894. 

Edwards,  John  C.,  a  Representative  from  Mis- 
souri; native  of  Chester,  Pa.;  completed  prepara- 
tory studies;  studied  law  and  was  admitted  to  the 
bar;  began  practice  in  Murfreesboro,  Tenn.,  and 
later  in  Jefferson  City,  Mo.;  secretary  of  state  1828- 
1837;  district  judge  1837-1841;  elected  as  a  Demo- 
crat to  the  Twenty-seventh  Congress  (March  4, 
1841-March  3,  1843);  governor  of  Missouri  1844- 
1848;  removed  to  California  and  died  there  in  1888. 

Edwards,  Ninian,  a  Senator  from  Illinois;  born 
in  Montgomery  county,  Md.,  March  17,  1775;  was 
graduated  from  Dickinson  college  in  1792;  studied 
law;  moved  with  his  parents  to  Bairdstown,  Ky., 
in  1795,  and  was  elected  to  the  legislature  before 
reaching  his  majority;  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1798; 
elected  judge  of  the  general  court  of  Kentucky; 
elevated  to  the  circuit  court  in  1803;  judge  of  the 
court  of  appeals  1806;  and  chief  justice  of  the  state 
in  1808;  governor  of  the  territory  of  Illinois  1809- 
1818;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  United  States 
Senate  and  served  from  December  3, 1818,  to  March 


BIOGRAPHIES. 


625 


4,  1824,  when  he  resigned;  appointed  minister  to 
Mexico  March  4,  1824,  and  while  on  his  way  was 
instructed  to  return  and  answer  charges  filed 
against  him  by  William  H.  Crawford,  Secretary  of 
the  Treasury;  again  elected  governor  of  Illinois, 
1826-1831;  died  in  Belleville,  111.,  July  20,  1833. 

Edwards,  Pierrepont,  a  Delegate  from  Con- 
necticut; born  in  Northampton,  Mass.,  April  8, 
1750;  was  graduated  from  Princeton  college  in  1768; 
studied  law  and  admitted  to  the  bar;  began  prac- 
tice in  New  Haven,  Conn.,  in  1771;  served  in  the 
Revolutionary  army;  when  Benedict  Arnold  was 
found  guilty  of  treason  was  made  administrator  of 
his  estate;  served  for  several  years  in  the  state 
house  of  representatives;  elected  to  the  Continental 
Congress,  1787-1788;  appointed  United  States  dis- 
trict judge  for  the  district  of  Connecticut;  died  in 
Bridgeport,  Conn.,  April  5,  1826. 

Edwards,  Samuel,  a  Representative  from 
Pennsylvania;  born  near  Chester,  Pa.,  March  12, 
1785;  attended  the  common  schools;  elected  as  a 
Federalist  to  the  Sixteenth,  Seventeenth,  Eight- 
eenth, and  Nineteenth  Congresses  (March  4,  1819- 
March  3,  1827);  died  in  Chester,  Pa.,  November  25, 
1850. 

Edwards,  Thomas  McKey,  a  Representative 
from  New  Hampshire;  born  in  Cheshire  county, 
N.  H.,  December  16,  1795;  was  graduated  from 
Dartmouth  college;  studied  law,  admitted  to  the 
bar  and  practiced ;  served  several  terms  in  the  New 
Hampshire  legislature;  presidential  elector  on  the 
Fremont  ticket  in  1856;  elected  as  a  Republican  to 
the  Thirty-sixth  and  Thirty-seventh  Congresses 
(March  4,  1859-March  3,  1863);  died  in  Keene, 
N.  H.,  May  1,  1875. 

Edwards,  Thomas  O.,  a  Representative  from 
Ohio;  native  of  Maryland;  completed  preparatory 
studies;  moved  to  Ohio;  elected  as  a  Whig  to  the 
Thirtieth  Congress  (March  4,  1847-March  3,  1849); 
defeated  for  reelection  to  the  Thirty-first  Congress. 

Edwards,  Weldon  Nathaniel,  a  Representa- 
tive from  North  Carolina;  born  in  Warren  county, 
N.  C.,  in  1788;  completed  preparatory  studies; 
studied  law,  and  in  1810  admitted  to  the  bar;  be- 
gan practice  in  Warren  ton,  N.  C.;  member  of  the 
house  of  commons  1814  and  1815;  elected  as  a  Demo- 
crat to  the  Fourteenth  Congress,  to  fill  vacancy 
caused  by  the  resignation  of  Nathaniel  Macon;  re- 
elected  to  the  Fifteenth,  Sixteenth,  Seventeenth, 
Eighteenth,  and  Nineteenth  Congresses,  and  served 
from  February  7,  1816,  to  March  3,  1827;  elected 
state  senator  in  1833,  and  successively  reelected 
until  1844 ;  member  of  the  state  constitutional  con- 
vention in  1835;  again  elected  to  the  state  senate 
in  1850,  and  chosen  its  president;  president  of  the 
state  convention  in  1861;  died  in  Warren  county, 
N.  C.,  December  18,  1873. 

Edwards,  William  Posey,  a  Representative 
from  Georgia;  born  in  Talbot  county,  Ga.,  Novem- 
ber 9,  1835;  was  graduated  from  Collinsworth  in- 
stitute, Talbotton,  Ga.,  in  1856;  studied  law  and 
was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1857;  member  of  the 
state  constitutional  convention  in  1857-1858;  served 
during  the  Civil  war  as  captain  of  company  F, 
twenty-seventh  Georgia  volunteer  infantry;  sub- 
sequently promoted  to  colonel  of  the  regiment; 
elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Fortieth  Congress 
(March  4,  1867-March  3,  1869);  resumed  the  prac- 
tice of  law;  died  in  Butler,  Ga.,  June  28,  1900. 

50346°— S.  Doc.  654,  61-2 40 


Effner,  Valentine,  a  Representative  from  New 
York;  born  in  Schoharie  county,  N.  Y.;  completed 
preparatory  studies;  member  of  the  state  house  of 
representatives  in  1829;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to 
the  Twenty-fourth  Congress  (March  4,  1835-March 
3,  1837). 

Egbert,  Albert  Galltin,  a  Representative 
from  Pennsylvania;  born  in  Sandy  Lake,  Mercer 
county,  Pa.,  April  13,  1828;  completed  preparatory 
studies;  engaged  in  agricultural  pursuits;  began 
the  study  of  medicine  in  1853  and  was  graduated 
in  March,  1856;  practiced  until  1861,  when  he 
became  interested  in  manufacturing  and  farming; 
elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Forty-fourth  Congress 
(March  4,  1875-March  3,  1877);  died  in  Franklin, 
Venango  county,  Pa.,  March  28,  1895. 

Egbert,  Joseph,  a  Representative  from  New 
York;  born  in  Staten  Island,  N.  Y.,  April  10,  1807; 
attended  the  common  schools;  elected  as  a  Demo- 
crat to  the  Twenty-seventh  Congress  (March  4, 
1841-March  3,  1843);  died  in  Dongan  Hills,  N.  Y., 
July  7,  1888. 

Ege,  George,  a  Representative  from  Pennsyl- 
vania; born  in  Brooks  county,  Pa.,  March  9, 1748; 
attended  the  public  schools;  elected  to  the  Fourth 
Congress,  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  the  resignation 
of  Daniel  Heister;  reelected  to  the  Fifth  Congress 
and  served  from  December  8,  1796,  to  October, 
1797,  when  he  resigned;  died  at  his  residence 
"Charming  Forge,"  Marion  township,  Berks 
county,  Pa. 

Eggleston,  Benjamin,  a  Representative  from 
Ohio;  born  in  Corinth,  Saratoga  county,  N.  Y., 
January  3,  1816;  completed  preparatory  studies; 
moved  to  Cincinnati,  where  he  engaged  in  mer- 
cantile pursuits;  presiding  officer  of  the  city  council 
of  Cincinnati;  served  in  the  Ohio  state  senate  1862- 
1865;  elected  to  the  Thirty-ninth  and  Fortieth 
Congresses  (March  4,  1865-March  3,  1869);  died  in 
Cincinnati,  Ohio,  February  9,  1888. 

Eggleston,  Joseph,  a  Representative  from 
Virginia;  born  in  Amelia  county,  Va.,  November 
24, 1754;  was  graduated  from  the  college  of  William 
and  Mary  in  1776;  captain  and  major  of  Lee's  light- 
horse  cavalry  in  the  Revolutionary  army;  won 
special  distinction  in  the  battle  of  Guilford  Court 
House,  March  15, 1781,  and  the  capture  of  Augusta, 
Ga.,  June  5,  1781;  member  of  the  Virginia  house  of 
representatives  for  several  years;  elected  to  the 
Fifth  Congress,  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  the  resig- 
nation of  William  B.  Giles;  reelected  to  the  Sixth 
Congress  and  served  from  December  3,  1798,  to 
March  3,  1801;  justice  of  the  peace  from  1801 
until  his  death  in  Amelia  county,  Va.,  February 
13,  181 J. 

Eickhoff,  Anthony,  a  Representative  from 
New  York;  born  in  Westphalia,  Germany,  Septem- 
ber 11,  1827;  immigrated  to  America  in  1847; 
located  in  St.  Louis,  Mo.,  and  there  studied  law: 
became  an  editor;  edited  papers  in  St.  Louis, 
Dubuque,  Iowa,  Louisville,  Ky.,  and  finally  in 
New  York  in  1852;  appointed  commissary  general 
of  subsistence  for  the  state  of  New  York  in  1863; 
member  of  the  assembly  in  1864;  elected  as  a  Demo- 
crat to  the  Forty-fifth  Congress  (March  4,  1877- 
Marrh  3,  1879);  defeated  for  reelection;  auditor  in 
the  United  States  treasury  department;  appointed 
fire  commissioner  in  New  York  in  1889;  reap- 
pointed  in  1891;  at  the  time  of  his  death  he  was 
auditor  of  the  fire  department;  died  in  New  York 
City,  November  5,  1901. 


626 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 


Einstein,  Edwin,  a  Representative  from  New 
York;  born  in  Cincinnati,  Ohio,  November  18, 
1842;  moved  to  New  York  in  1846;  received  a  col- 
legiate training  in  the  College  of  the  City  of  New 
York,  and  entered  Union  college,  but  did  not 
graduate;  engaged  in  mercantile  pursuits;  elected 
as  a  Republican  to  the  Fortv-sixth  Congress 
(March  4,  1879-March  3,  1881);  unsuccessful  Re- 
publican candidate  for  mayor  of  New  York  City, 
1892;  park  commissioner  in  New  York,  1895;  died 
in  New  York  City  January  24,  1905. 

Ela,  Jacob  H.,  a  Representative  from  New 
Hampshire;  born  in  Rochester,  N.  H.,  July  18, 
1820;  printer;  became  engaged  in  agricultural  pur- 
suits; member  of  the  state  legislature  1857-1858; 
United  States  marshal  from  July,  1861,  to  October, 
1866;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Fortieth  and 
Forty-first  Congresses  (March  4,  1867 -March  3, 
1871);  appointed  by  President  Grant  fifth  auditor 
of  the  treasury. 

Elam,  Joseph  Barton,  a  Representative  from 
Louisiana;  born  in  Hempstead  county,  Ark.,  June 
12,  1821;  moved  with  his  father  to  Natchitoches, 
La.,  in  1826;  studied  law  and  was  admitted  to  the 
bar  in  Alexandria,  La.,  in  October,  1843,  and  prac- 
ticed there;  served  two  terms  in  the  legislature 
from  the  parish  of  Sabine  previous  to  his  removal 
to  the  parish  of  De  Soto  in  1851;  elected  delegate 
from  De  Soto  parish  to  the  state  constitutional  con- 
vention in  1861,  and  signed  the  ordinance  of  seces- 
sion; elected  and  served  two  terms  in  the  legisla- 
ture, one  term  as  speaker,  during  the  Civil  war; 
reelected  in  1865,  and  served  until  the  passage  of 
the  reconstruction  legislation  by  Congress;  elected 
as  a  Democrat  to  the  Forty-fifth  and  Forty-sixth 
Congresses  (March  4,  1877-March  3,  1881);  after 
leaving  Congress  resumed  the  practice  of  law;  died 
in  Mansfield,  La.,  July  4,  1885. 

Eldredge,  Charles  A.,  a  Representative  from 
Wisconsin;  born  in  Bridport,  Vt.,  February  27, 
1821;  moved  with  his  parents  to  New  York  City; 
studied  law  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1846; 
moved  to  Wisconsin  in  1848,  and  settled  in  Fond 
du  Lac ;  member  of  the  state  senate  in  1854  and  1855 ; 
elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Thirth-eighth,  Thirty- 
ninth,  Fortieth,  Forty-first,  Forty-second,  and 
Forty-third  Congresses  (March  4,  1863-March  3, 
1875);  died  in  Fond  du  Lac,  Wis.,  October  26,  1896. 

Eldredge,  Nathaniel  Buel,  a  Representative 
froin  Michigan;  born  in  Aurelius,  N.  Y.,  March  28, 
1813;  attended  the  common  schools;  practiced 
medicine  for  fifteen  years;  then  practiced  law  for 
twenty  years;  held  several  minor  offices;  clerk  of 
the  Michigan  senate  in  1845;  member  of  the  legis- 
lature in  1848;  judge  of  probate  1852-1856;  commis- 
sioned captain  in  the  Union  army  in  June,  1861, 
major  in  August,  1861,  and  colonel  in  April,  1862; 
elected  sheriff  of  Lena  wee  county,  in  1874;  elected 
as  a  Democrat  to  the  Forty-eighth  and  Forty-ninth 
Congresses  (March  4,  1883-March  3,  1887);  died  in 
Adrian,  Mich.,  November  27,  1893. 

Eliot,  Samuel  Atkins,  a  Representative  from 
Massachusetts;  born  in  Boston,  Mass.,  March  5, 
1798;  was  graduated  from  Harvard  college  in  1817 
and  from  the  divinity  school  in  1820;  mayor  of 
Boston  1837-1839;  member  of  Massachusetts  house 
of  representatives  1834-1850;  served  in  the  state 
senate  in  1843;  elected  as  a  Whig  to  the  Thirty- 
first  Congress  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  the  resigna- 
tion of  Robert  C.  Winthrop,  and  served  from 
August  22,  1850,  to  March  3,  1851;  eleven  years 


treasurer  of  Harvard  college;  died  in  Cambridge, 
Mass.,  January  29,  1862. 

Eliot,  Thomas  Dawes,  a  Representative  from 
Massachusetts;  born  in  Boston,  Mass.,  March  20, 
1808;  studied  law  and  was  graduated  from  Colum- 
bian (now  George  Washington)  college,  Washing- 
ton, D.  C.,  in  1825;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1831 
and  began  practice  in  New  Bedford,  Mass.;  served 
in  both  branches  of  the  state  legislature;  elected  as 
a  Whig  to  the  Thirty-third  Congress,  to  fill  vacancy 
caused  by  the  resignation  of  Zeno  Scudder,  and 
served  from  April  17,  1854,  to  March  3,  1855;  dele- 
gate in  the  Free-Soil  convention  in.  Worcester, 
Mass.,  in  1855;  declined  the  nomination  of  the 
Republican  party  for  attorney  general  of  Massa- 
chusetts in  1857;  was  subsequently  elected  as  a 
Republican  to  the  Thirty-sixth,  Thirty-seventh, 
Thirty-eighth,  Thirty-ninth,  and  Fortieth  Con- 
gresses (March  4,  1859-March  3,  1869);  died  in 
New  Bedford,  Mass.,  June  12,  1870. 

Elkins,  Davis,  a  Senator  from  West  Virginia; 
born  in  Washington,  D.  C.,  January  24,  1876;  at- 
tended the  Lawrenceville  and  Andover  schools, 
and  Harvard  college;  served  in  the  Spanish- Ameri- 
can war  on  the  staff  of  Brig.  Gen.  Sen  wan  in  Cuba 
and  Porto  Rico;  assumed  charge  of  the  business 
interests  of  his  father  in  West  Virginia;  president  of 
the  Morgantown  &  Kingwood  railroad  company; 
the  Elkins  Coal  &  Coke  company,  the  Kingwood 
National  bank,  of  Kingwood,  W.  Va.;  the  Union 
Utility  company,  of  Morgantown,  W.  Va.;  vice 
president  of  the  Farmers  &  Merchants'  bank,  of 
Morgantown;  director  of  the  American  National 
bank,  of  Washington,  D.  C.,  appointed  as  a  Repub- 
lican to  the  United  States  Senate  January  9,  1911, 
to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  the  death  of  his  father, 
Stephen  B.  Elkins,  and  served  from  January  9, 
1911,  to  January  31,  1911;  resumed  business  activi- 
ties in  Morgantown,  W.  Va. 

Elkins,  Stephen  Benton,  a  Delegate  from  the 
territory  of  New  Mexico,  and  a  Senator  from  West 
Virginia;  born  in  Perry  county,  Ohio,  September 
26,  1841;  attended  the  public  schools  of  Missouri, 
and  was  graduated  from  the  university  of  that  state 
at  Columbia,  in  the  class  of  1860;  admitted  to  the 
bar  in  1864,  and  in  the  same  year  went  to  the  Terri- 
tory of  New  Mexico,  where  he  acquired  a  knowl- 
edge of  the  Spanish  language,  and  began  the  prac- 
tice of  law;  member  of  the  territorial  legislative 
assembly  in  1864  and  1865;  held  the  offices  of  ter- 
ritorial district  attorney,  attorney  general,  and 
United  States  district  attorney;  elected  as  a  Repub- 
lican a  Delegate  to  the  Forty-third  and  Forty-fourth 
Congresses  (March  4,  1873-March  3,  1877);  member 
of  the  Republican  national  committee  for  three 
presidential  campaigns;  moved  to  West  Virginia, 
and  engaged  in  business;  appointed  Secretary  of 
War  December  17,  1891,  and  served  until  the  close 
of  President  Harrison's  administration;  in  Febru- 
ary, 1895,  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  United 
States  Senate;  reelected  in  1901  and  1907,  and 
served  from  March  4,  1895,  until  his  death  in 
Washington,  D.  C.,  January  5,  1911. 

Ellerbe,  James  Edwin,  a  Representative  from 
South  Carolina;  born  in  Sellers,  S.  C.,  January  12, 
1867;  attended  Old  Pine  Hill  academy;  entered  the 
South  Carolina  college  in  October,  1882,  where  he 
spent  one  year;  entered  WTofford  college,  in  Spar- 
tanburg,  S.  C.,  in  October,  1884,  spending  three 
vears;  graduated  in  June,  1887;  elected  to  the  state 
legislature  in  1894,  and  in  1895  represented,  in 
part,  Marion  county  in  the  state  constitutional 


BIOGRAPHIES. 


627 


convention;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Fifty- 
ninth,  Sixtieth,  and  Sixty-first  Congresses  (March 
4, 1905-March  3, 1911).  Reelected  to  the  Sixty-second 
Congress. 

Ellery,  Christopher,  a  Senator  from  Rhode 
Island;  born  in  Newport,  R.  I.,  April  2,  1768;  was 
graduated  from  Yale  college  in  1787;  studied  law 
and  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  began  practice 
in  Newport;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  United 
States  Senate  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  the  resig- 
nation of  Ray  Greene  and  served  from  May  6, 
1801,  to  March  3,  1805;  appointed  by  President 
Jefferson  United  States  commissioner  of  loans  in 
1806;  appointed  collector  of  customs  at  Newport  in 
1828;  died  in  Newport,  R.  I.,  December  2,  1840. 

Ellery,  William,  a  Delegate  from  Rhode  Island; 
born  in  Newport,  R.  I.,  December  22,  1727;  was 
graduated  from  Harvard  college  in  1747;  deputy 
governor  of  Rhode  Island,  1748-1749;  studied  law, 
and  in  1770  admitted  to  the  bar;  clerk  of  a  court 
two  years;  judge  of  the  county  court;  Delegate  to 
the  Continental  Congress  in  place  of  Samuel  Ward, 
taking  his  seat  May  14,  1776;  one  of  the  signers  of 
the  Declaration  of  Independence;  again  a  Dele- 
gate 1783-1785;  appointed  chief  justice  of  Rhode 
Island  in  1785;  elected  to  the  Colonial  Congress 
from  Rhode  Island  in  1786;  collector  of  the  port 
at  Newport  from  1790  until  his  death  in  Newport, 
R.  I.,  February  15,  1820. 

Ellett,  Henry  T.,  a  Representative  from  Mis- 
sissippi; was  appointed  postmaster  general  of  the 
Confederacy  in  February,  1861,  but  declined; 
elected  to  the  Twenty -ninth  Congress,  to  fill  vacan- 
cy caused  by  the  resignation  of  Jefferson  Davis; 
served  from  January  26,  1847;  to  March  3,  1847. 

Ellett,  Tazewell,  a  Representative  from  Vir- 
ginia; born  in  Richmond,  Va.,  January  1,  1856;  at- 
tended the  private  school  of  John  M.  Strother  until 
sixteen  years  old ;  cadet  in  the  Virginia  military  in- 
stitute, and  was  graduated  from  that  institution  in 
1876;  studied  law  in  the  University  of  Virginia,  and 
was  graduated  with  the  degree  of  LL.  B.  in  1878; 
practiced  law  in  Richmond;  several  years  a  mem- 
ber of  the  board  of  visitors  of  the  Virginia  military 
institute;  presidential  elector  in  1888  on  the  Demo- 
cratic ticket;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Fifty- 
fourth  Congress  (March  4,  1895-March  3,  1897); 
resumed  the  practice  of  law  in  Richmond,  Va.,  and 
New  York  City. 

Ellicott,  Benjamin,  a  Representative  from 
New  York;  born  at  Elliots  Mills  near  Baltimore, 
Md.,  1764;  one  of  the  first  three  justices  to  hold 
court  in  Batavia,  N.  Y.;  elected  to  the  Fifteenth 
Congress  (March  4,  1817-March  3,  1819);  died  in 
Williamsville,  Erie  county,  N.  Y.,  1827. 

Elliott,  James,  a  Representative  from  Ver- 
mont; born  in  Gloucester,  Mass.,  August  9,  1775; 
attended  the  public  schools;  moved  to  Guilford, 
Vt.,  in  1790;  sergeant  in  the  Indian  war  of  1793; 
studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1803,  and 
began  practice  in  Brattleboro,  Vt.;  held  several 
local  offices;  elected  as  a  Federalist  to  the  Eighth, 
Ninth,  and  Tenth  Congresses  (March  4, 1803-March 
3,  1809);  published  a  paper  in  Philadelphia,  Pa., 
on  his  retirement  from  Congress;  served  in  the  war 
of  1812  for  a  short  time;  returned  to  Brattleboro, 
Vrt.,  and  practiced  law;  representative  in  the  state 
'  legislature  1818-1 8]  9;  removed  to  Newfane,  was 
appointed  register  of  the  probate  court;  was  state 
attorney  of  Windham  .  county  in  1877-1878;  and 


again  served  in  the  legislature  1837-1838;  died  in 
Newfane,  Vt.,  November  10,  1839. 

Elliott,  James  Thomas,  a  Representative  from 
Arkansas;  born  in  Monroe  county,  Ga.,  April  22, 
1823;  pursued  an  academic  course;  studied  law, 
and  in  1854  admitted  to  the  bar;  began  practice  in 
Camden,  Ark.,  1845;  elected  circuit  judge  in  1866; 
in  1867  established  and  edited  the  South  Arkansas 
Journal;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Fortieth 
Congress  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  the  death  of 
James  Hinds  and  served  from  January  13,  1869,  to 
March  3,  1869;  elected  to  the  state  senate  in  1870; 
appointed  judge  of  the  ninth  judicial  district  in 
1872,  and  served  until  the  adoption  of  the  state 
constitution  in  1874;  died  in  Camden,  Ark.,  July 
28,  1875. 

Elliott,  John,  a  Senator  from  Georgia;  born  in 
Liberty  county,  Ga.,  October  24,  1773;  was  grad- 
uated from  Yale  college  in  1794;  studied  law,  and 
began  practice  in  Sunbury,  Liberty  county,  Ga., 
in  1797;  held  several  local  offices;  elected  United 
States  Senator,  and  served  from  March  4,  1819,  to 
March  3,  1825;  died  in  Spnbury,  Ga.,  August  9, 
1827. 

Elliott,  John  M.,  a  Representative  from  Ken- 
tucky; born  in  Scott  county,  Va.,  May  16,  1820; 
moved  to  Kentucky  and  attended  public  schools; 
studied  law  and  admitted  to  the  bar;  began  prac- 
tice in  1843;  member  of  the  state  house  of  repre- 
sentatives in  1847;  elected  to  the  Thirty-third, 
Thirty-fourth,  and  Thirty-fifth  Congresses  (March 
4,  1853-March  3,  1859);  representative  from  Ken- 
tucky to  the  First  and  Second  Confederate  Con- 
gresses; died  March  26,  1879. 

Elliott,  Mortimer  Francis,  a  Representative 
from  Pennsylvania;  born  in  Wellsboro,  Tioga  coun- 
ty, Pa.,  September  24,  1841;  was  prepared  for  col- 
lege in  Wellsboro  academy,  and  attended  Alfred 
university,  Allegheny  county,  Pa.,  three  years; 
studied  law,  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1864; 
member  of  the  convention  to  revise  the  constitu- 
tion of  Pennsylvania  in  1873;  elected  as  a  Demo- 
crat to  the  Forty-eighth  Congress  (March  4,  1883- 
March  3,  1885);  defeated  for  reelection. 

Elliott,  Robert  Brown,  a  Representative  from 
South  Carolina;  born  in  Boston,  Mass.,  August  11, 
1842;  attended  High  Hollow  academy,  in  London, 
England,  in  1853;  was  graduated  from  Eton  college, 
in  England,  in  1859;  studied  law  and  was  admitted 
to  the  bar;  returned  to  the  United  States  and  prac- 
ticed in  Columbia,  S.  C.;  member  of  the  South 
Carolina  state  constitutional  convention  in  1868; 
member  of  the  state  house  of  representatives  from 
July  6,  1868,  to  October  23,  1870;  assistant  adjutant 
general  1869-1871;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the 
Forty-second  Congress,  and  served  from  March  4, 
1871,  to  January,  1873,  when  he  resigned;  reelected 
to  the  Forty-third  Congress,  and  served  from  March 
4, 1873,  to  November,  1874,  when  he  resigned,  hav- 
ing been  elected  sheriff;  speaker  of  the  house  of 
representatives  in  the  legislature  in  1875-1876; 
elected  attorney  general  of  South  Carolina,  1876; 
moved  to  New  Orleans,  La.,  in  1877,  and  practiced 
law  until  his  death  in  that  city  in  August  9,  1884. 

Elliott,  William,  a  Representative  from  South 
Carolina;  born  in  Beaufort,  S.  C.,  September  3, 
1838;  attended  Beaufort  college;  entered  Harvard 
university  in  1854,  but  before  graduating  entered 
the  University  of  Virginia  and  studied  law;  ad- 
mitted to  the  bar  in  Charleston,  S.  C.,  in  April, 
1861;  entered  the  Confederate  service;  served  as  an 


628 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTOEY. 


officer  throughout  the  war;  elected  a  member  of  the 
legislature  and  intendant  of  Beaufort  in  1866; 
delegate  to  the  national  Democratic  convention  at 
St.  Louis  in  1876;  Democratic  presidential  elector 
for  the  state  at  large  in  1880;  Democratic  candidate 
for  Congress  in  1884,  but  defeated;  elected  to  the 
Fiftieth  and  Fifty-first  Congresses,  and  served  from 
March  4,  1887,  to  September  23,  1890,  when  he  was 
succeeded  by  Thomas  E.  Miller,  who  contested  his 
election  to  the  Fifty-first  Congress;  reelected  to  the 
Fifty-second  Congress  (March  4,  1891-March  3, 
1893);  was  given  the  certificate  of  election  to  the 
Fifty-fourth  Congress,  but  was  unseated  June  4, 
1896,  and  seat  was  given  to  George  W.  Murray,  who 
contested  the  election;  elected  to  the  Fifty-fifth, 
Fifty-sixth,  and  Fifty-seventh  Congresses  (March 
4,  1897-March  3,  1903);  died  in  Beaufort,  S.  C.,  in 
November,  1908. 

Ellis,  Caleb,  a  Representative  from  New  Hamp- 
shire; born  in  Walpole,  Mass.,  April  16,  1767;  was 
graduated  from  Harvard  college  in  1793;  studied 
law  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar;  moved  to  New- 
port, N.  H.,  and  then  to  Claremont;  elected  to  the 
Ninth  Congress  (March  4,  1805-March  3,  1807); 
member  of  the  New  Hampshire  house  of  represent- 
atives 1803;  governor's  council  1809-1810;  elected 
state  senator  1811;  elector  on  the  Clinton  and  In- 
gersoll  ticket  in  1813;  appointed  judge  of  the  supe- 
rior court  of  New  Hampshire  same  year,  which 
office  he  held  until  his  death  in  Claremont,  N.  H., 
May  6,  1816.  » 

Ellis,  Chesselden,  a  Representative  from  New 
York;  native  of  New  York;  completed  preparatory 
studies;  district  attorney  of  Saratoga  county  1837- 
1843;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Twenty- 
eighth  Congress  (March  4,  1843-March  3,  1845); 
defeated  for  the  Twenty-ninth  Congress. 

Ellis,  Edgar  Clarence,  a  Representative  from 
Missouri;  born  in  Vermontville,  Mich.,  October  2, 
1854;  attended  Olivet  college,  Michigan,  and  later 
received  the  degree  of  A.  B.  from  Carleton  col- 
lege, Minnesota,  in  which  latter  institution  he  was 
an  instructor  in  Latin  for  one  year;  afterwards  su- 
perintendent of  public  schools,  Fergus  Falls,  Minn., 
1881-1884;  was  admitted  to  practice  law  in  Beloit, 
Kans.,  in  1885;  practiced  in  Kansas  three  years, 
and  then  moved  to  Kansas  City;  elected  as  a  Re- 
publican to  the  Fifty-ninth  and  Sixtieth  Con- 
gresses (March  4,  1905-March  3,  1909);  resumed 
the  practice  of  law  in  Kansas  City,  Mo. 

Ellis,  Ezikiel  John,  a  Representative  from  Lou- 
isiana; born  in  Covington,  La.,  October  15, 1841;  at- 
tended the  schools  of  Clinton,  La.,  and  Centenary 
college,  Jackson,  La.,  1855-1858;  was  graduated 
from  the  law  department  of  the  University  of  Lou- 
isiana in  March,  1861;  joined  the  Confederate  army 
and  served  throughout  the  war;  admitted  to  the 
bar  of  Louisiana  in  1866  and  practiced  in  Coving- 
ton,  La. ;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Forty-fourth, 
Forty-fifth,  Forty-sixth,  Forty-seventh,  and  Forty- 
eighth  Congresses  (March  4,  1875-March  3,  1885); 
died  April  29,  1889. 

Ellis,  Powhatan,  a  Senator  from  Mississippi; 
born  in  "Red  Hill,"  Amherst  county,  Va.,  Janu- 
ary 17,  1790;  attended  Washington  college,  Va., 
and  was  graduated  from  Dickinson  college.  Pa., 
in  September,  1810;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to 
the  bar  and  began  practice  in  Lynchburg,  Va., 
until  April  1816,  when  he  moved  to  Natchez, 
Miss.,  and  engaged  in  the  practice  of  law;  elect- 
ed a  judge  of  the  state  supreme  court  in  1823; 


appointed  as  a  Democrat  to  the  United  States  Sen- 
ate, to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  the  resignation  of 
David  Holmes,  and  served  from  September  28, 
1825,  to  January  28,  1826;  again  elected,  and  served 
from  March  4,  1827,  to  July  16,  1832,  when  he  re- 
signed to  become  judge  of  the  United  States  court 
and  served  from  1882-1836;  appointed  by  President 
Jackson  charge  d'affaires  of  the  United  States  to 
Mexico  January  5,  1836,  and  closed  the  legation 
December  28,  1836;  United  States  minister  pleni- 
potentiary to  Mexico  February  15,  1839,  to  April 
21,  1842;  died  in  Richmond,  Va.,  March  18,  1863. 

Ellis,  William  Cox,  a  Representative  from 
Pennsylvania;  born  in  Fort  Muncy,  Pa.,  May  5, 
1787;  attended  public  schools;  studied  law  and  was 
admitted  to  the  bar;  elected  as  a  Federalist  to  the 
Eighteenth  Congress  (March  4,  1823-March  3, 
1825);  elected  to  state  legislature  1825-1826;  re- 
sumed the  practice  of  law;  died  in  Muncy,  Pa., 
December  13,  1871. 

Ellis,  William.  Russell,  a  Representative  from 
Oregon;  born  near  Waveland,  Montgomery  county, 
Ind.,  April  23,  1850;  moved  to  Guthrie  county, 
Iowa,  in  1855;  attended  the  Iowa  state  agricultural 
college  at  Ames;  was  graduated  from  the  law  de- 
partment of  the  Iowa  state  university  at  Iowa  City 
in  June,  1874;  began  practice  in  Paiiora,  Iowa; 
served  as  mayor;  moved  to  Hamburg,  Iowa,  and 
practiced  law  and  also  engaged  in  newspaper  work; 
city  attorney  and  mayor;  went  west  in  1883,  set- 
tled in  Heppner,  Oreg.,  in  1884;  county  superin- 
tendent of  schools  of  Morrow  county  one  term; 
district  attorney  of  the  Seventh  judicial  district 
of  Oregon  three  terms;  elected  as  a  Republican  to 
the  Fifty-third,  Fifty-fourth,  and  Fifty-fifth  Con- 
gresses (March  4, 1893-March  3,  1899);  circuit  judge 
of  the  Sixth  judicial  district  of  Oregon  for  six  years 
until  July  1, 1906;  elected  to  the  Sixtieth  and  Sixty- 
first  Congresses  (March  4,  1907-March  3,  1911);  re- 
sumed the  practice  of  law  in  Pendleton,  Oreg. 

Ellis,  William  Tecumseh,  a  Representative 
from  Kentucky;  born  near  Knottsville,  Ky., 
July  24,  1845;  attended  the  common  schools;  en- 
listed in  1861  in  the  first  Kentucky  Confederate 
cavalry  at  the  age  of  sixteen  and  served  with  his 
regiment  continuously  until  April  21,  1865;  at- 
tended Pleasant  Valley  seminary,  Daviess  county; 
studied  law  and  was  admitted  to  practice  in  1868; 
entered  the  senior  law  class  at  Harvard  in  1869; 
engaged  in  the  practice  of  law  in  Owensboro,  Ky., 
in  1870;  elected  county  attorney  in  1870  and  1874; 
presidential  elector  in  1876;  defeated  for  Congress 
in  1886;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Fifty-first, 
Fifty-second,  and  Fifty-third  Congresses  (March  4, 
1889-March  3,  1895);  after  leaving  Congress  re- 
sumed the  practice  of  law  in  Owensboro,  Ky. 

Ellison,  Andrew,  a  Representative  from  Ohio; 
born  in  Ireland;  emigrated  to  the  United  States 
and  located  in  Georgetown,  Ohio;  attended  the 
public  schools;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Thirty- 
third  Congress  (March  4,  1853-March  3,  1855). 

Ellsberry,  William  Wallace,  a  Representative 
from  Ohio;  bom  in  New  Hope,  Brown  county, 
Ohio,  December  18,  1833;  attended  the  public 
schools  of  Brown  county  and  a  private  academy  in 
Clermount  county;  taught  school  two  years;  began 
the  study  of  medicine  with  his  father;  attended 
medical  lectures  and  was  graduated  from  the  Cin- 
cinnati college  of  medicine  and  surgery,  and  later 
from  the  Ohio  medical  college;  continued  the 


BIOGKAPHIES. 


629 


practice  of  his  profession  until  his  election  to  Con- 
gress; appointed  superintendent  of  the  central 
insane  asylum  at  Columbus  in  1878,  but  declined 
to  serve;  chosen  three  times  county  auditor;  at  the 
outbreak  of  the  war  he  was  one  of  the  county  mili- 
tary board;  delegate  to  the  national  Democratic 
convention  which  nominated  Hancock  in  1880; 
elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Forty-ninth  Congress 
(March  4, 1885-March  3, 1887);  died  in  Georgetown, 
Ohio,  September  7,  1894. 

Ellsworth,  Charles  Clinton,  a  Representative 
from  Michigan;  born  in  West  Berkshire,  Vt.,  Jan- 
uary 29,  1824;  was  elected  to  the  Michigan  legisla- 
ture 1852;  served  in  the  Union  army  as  paymaster 
1862;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Forty-fifth 
Congress  (March  4,  1877-March  3,  1879);  died  in 
Greenville,  Mich.,  June  24,  1899. 

Ellsworth,  Oliver,  Delegate  and  a  Senator  from 
Connecticut;  born  in  Windsor,  Conn.,  April  29, 
1745;  attended  Yale  college  and  was  graduated 
from  Princeton  college  in  1766;  studied  law  and  was 
admitted  to  the  bar  in  1771:  began  practice  in  Wind- 
sor; removed  to  Hartford,  Conn.,  in  1775;  appointed 
state  attorney ;  representative  in  the  general  assem- 
bly in  1775-1776;  Delegate  to  the  Continental  Con- 
gress in  1777-1784;  executive  councilor  1780-1784; 
judge  of  the  Connecticut  supreme  court  1784-1789; 
delegate  to  the  convention  which  framed  the  Fed- 
eral constitution  in  1787;  elected  as  a  Federalist  to 
the  United  States  Senate,  serving  from  March  4, 
1789,  to  March  8,  1796,  when  he  resigned;  ap- 
pointed chief  justice  of  the  supreme  court  of  the 
United  States  in  1796;  appointed  envoy  extraor- 
dinary to  France  to  negotiate  a  treaty  and  served 
until  November  3,  1799;  spent  two  winters  in 
England  and  in  the  spring  of  1801  retired  from  the 
supreme  bench;  died  in  Windsor,  Conn.,  Novem- 
ber 26,  1807. 

Ellsworth,  Samuel  Stewart,  a  Representa- 
tive from  New  York;  born  in  Pownal,  Vt.,  October 
13,  1790;  attended  the  common  schools;  moved  to 
Penn  Yan,  N.  Y.;  judge  of  Yates  county  1828- 
1833;  served  in  the  New  York  legislature  in  1840; 
elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Twenty-ninth  Congress 
(March  4,  1845-March  3,  1847);  died  in  Penn  Yan, 
N.  Y.,  June  4,  1863. 

Ellsworth,  William  Wolcott,  a  Representa- 
tive from  Connecticut;  born  in  Windsor,  Conn., 
November  10,  1791;  was  graduated  from  Yale  col- 
lege in  1810;  studied  law  in  Litchfield,  Conn.,  and 
was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1813;  professor  of  law 
at  Trinity  college,  Hartford;  elected  as  a  Whig  to 
the  Twenty-first,  Twenty-second, and  Twenty-third 
Congresses,  and  served  from  March  4,  1829,  to  July 
8,  1834,  when  he  resigned;  governor  of  Connecticut 
1834-1842;  judge  of  the  state  supreme  court  from 
1847  to  1861,  when,  by  the  constitutional  provision, 
he  was  compelled  to  retire;  declined  twice  an 
election  to  the  United  States  Senate;  died  in  Hart- 
ford, Conn.,  January  15, 


Ellwood,  Reuben,  a  Representative  from  New 
York;  born  in  Montgomery  county.  N.  Y.,  Feb- 
ruary 21,  1821;  attended  Cherry  Valley  academy, 
New  York;  manufacturer  of  agricultural  imple- 
ments; member  of  the  New  York  state  house  of 
representatives  in  1851';  moved  to  Sycamore,  111., 
about  1854;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Forty- 
eighth  and  Forty-ninth  Congresses  (March  4,  1883- 
March  3,  1887);  died  in  Sycamore,  111.,  July  1. 
1885. 


Elmendorf,  Lucas,  a  Representative  from  New 
York;  born  in  Kingston,  N.  Y.,  in  1768;  was  grad- 
uated from  Princeton  college  in  1782;  studied  law 
and  was  admitted  to  the  bar;  elected  to  the  Fifth, 
Sixth,  and  Seventh  Congresses  (March  4,  1797- 
March  3,  1803);  member  of  the  state  house  of  repre- 
sentatives 1804-1805,  and  of  the  state  senate  1814- 
1817;  died  in  Kingston,  N.  Y.,  August  17,  1843. 

Elmer,  Ebenezer,  a  Representative  from  New 
Jersey;  born  in  Cedarville,  N.  J.,  in  1752;  pursued 
an  academic  course;  studied  medicine  and  prac- 
ticed in  Cedarville;  served  in  the  Revolutionary 
army  as  surgeon;  practiced  medicine  in  Bridgeton, 
N.  J. ;  member  of  the  state  house  of  representatives 
1789-1795,  serving  as  speaker  in  1791  and  1795; 
elected  to  the  Seventh,  Eighth,  and  Ninth  Con- 
gresses (March  4,  1801-March  3,  1807);  collector  of 
customs  at  Bridgeton;  served  in  the  war  of  1812; 
vice  president  of  the  Burlington  college  1808-1817 
and  1822-1832;  died  in  Bridgeton,  N.  J.,  October 

18,  1843. 

Elmer,  Jonathan,  a  Delegate  and  a  Senator 
from  New  Jersey;  born  in  Cedarville,  Cumberland 
county,  N.  J.,  November  29,  1745;  completed  pre- 
paratory studies;  studied  medicine  and  was  grad- 
uated from  the  first  medical  class  of  the  Univer- 
sity of  Pennsylvania  in  1768 ;  Delegate  to  the  Conti- 
nental Congress  1776-1778,  1781-1784,  and  1787- 
1788;  high  sheriff  and  afterwards  surrogate  of  Cum- 
berland county;  elected  as  a  Federalist  to  the 
United  States  Senate  and  served  from  March  4, 
1789,  to  March  3,  1791;  died  in  Bridgeton,  N.  J., 
September  3,  1807. 

Elmer,  Lucius  Quintius  Cincinnatus,  a  Rep- 
resentative from  New  Jersey;  born  in  Bridgeton, 
N.  J.,  February  3, 1793;  was  graduated  from  Prince- 
ton college;  studied~law  and  admitted  to  the  bar 
in  1815 ;  began  practicing  in  Bridgeton,  N .  J . ;  served 
several  years  as  prosecuting  attorney;  member  of 
the  state  house  01  representatives  1820-1823,  serv- 
ing the  last  year  as  speaker;  United  States  district 
attorney  for  the  district  of  New  Jersey  1824-1829; 
elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Twenty-eighth  Con- 
gress (March  4,  1843-March  3,  1845);  defeated  for 
reelection;  appointed  attorney  general  of  New 
Jersey  in  1850;  justice  of  the  state  supreme  court 
1850-1852  and  in  1859;  retired  in  1870;  died  in 
Bridgeton,  N.  J.,  March  11,  1883. 

Elmore,  Franklin  Harper,  a  Representative 
and  a  Senator  from  South  Carolina;  born  in  Lau- 
rens  district,  S.  C.,  January  16,  1790;  was  grad- 
uated from  the  South  Carolina  college  in  1819; 
studied  law,  and  in  1821  admitted  to  the  bar; 
began  practice  in  Walterboro,  S.  C.;  was  solici- 
tor for  the  southern  circuit  1822-1836;  colonel  on 
the  staff  of  Gov.  Manning  1824-1826;  elected  as  a 
States  Rights  Democrat  to  the  Twenty-fourth 
Congress,  to  fill  a  vacancy  caused  by  the  resigna- 
tion of  James  H.  Hammond;  reelected  to  the 
Twenty-fifth  Congress  and  served  from  December 

19,  1836,  to  March  3,  1839;  president  of  the  bank 
of  the  state  of  South  Carolina,  1839-1850;  declined 
appointment  as  minister  to  Great  Britain ;  appointed 
to  the  United  States  Senate  to  fill   the  vacancy 
occasioned  by  the  death  of  John  C.  Calhoun,  and 
served  from  April  11,   1850,  until  his  death  in 
Washington,  May  29,  1850. 

Elvins,  Politte,  a  Representative  from  Mis- 
souri; born  in  St.  Francois  county,  Mo.,  March  16, 
1878;  attended  the  public  schools,  and  was  gradu- 
ated from  Carl  ton  college;  studied  law,  was  gradu- 


630 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIEECTORY. 


ated  from  the  law  department  of  the  University 
of  Missouri  in  1899,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and 
commenced  practice  in  Elvins,  Mo.;  Republican 
presidential  elector  in  1904;  elected  as  a  Republi- 
can to  the  Sixty-first  Congress  (March  4,  1909- 
March  3,  1911);  resumed  the  practice  of  law  in 
Elvins,  Mo.;  delegate  in  the  Republican  national 
convention  of  1912. 

Ely,  Alfred,  a  Representative  from  New  York; 
born  in  Lyme,  New  London  county,  Conn.,  Feb- 
ruary 15,  1815;  completed  preparatory  studies; 
moved  to  Rochester,  N.  Y.,  in  1835;  studied  law, 
and  in  1841  was  admitted  to  the  bar;  began  prac- 
tice in  Rochester;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the 
Thirty-sixth  and  Thirty-seventh  Congresses 
(March  4,  1859-March  3,  1863);  witnessed  the 
battle  of  Bull  Run,  and  taken  a  prisoner  by  the 
Confederates,  and  imprisoned  in  Richmond  for 
nearly  six  months;  died  in  Rochester,  N.  Y.,  May 
18,  1892. 

Ely,  Frederick  David,  a  Representative  from 
Massachusetts;  born  in  Wrentham,  Norfolk  county, 
Mass.,  September  24,  1838;  attended  Day's  acad- 
emy, Wrentham,  and  was  graduated  from  Brown 
university  in  1859;  studied  law,  and  was  admitted 
.to  practice  in  1862;  trial  justice  from  1867  to  March 
3,  1885;  member  of  the  state  house  of  representa- 
tives of  Massachusetts  in  1873,  and  of  the  state  sen- 
ate, 1878-1879;  member  of  the  school  committee  of 
Dedham,  1882-1885;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the 
Forty-ninth  Congress  (March  4,  1885-March  3, 
1887);  resumed  the  practice  of  law  after  leaving 
Congress;  justice  municipal  court  of  Boston,  1888- 
1911. 

Ely,  John,  a  Representative  from  New  York; 
native  of  Connecticut;  completed  preparatory 
studies;  member  of  the  state  house  of  representa- 
tives in  1806  and  1812;  elected  as  a  Democrat 
to  the  Twenty-sixth  Congress  (March  4, 1839-March 
3,  1841). 

Ely,  Smith,  jr.,  a  Representative  from  New 
York;  born  in  Hanover,  N.  J.,  April  17,  1825; 
studied  law  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1846; 
never  practiced  his  profession;  became  engaged  in 
mercantile  pursuits  in  New  York;  elected  school 
trustee  in  1856,  state  senator  in  1857,  and  county 
supervisor  in  1860,  retaining  the  latter  office  until 
1870,  when  it  was  abolished;  elected  as  a  Democrat 
to  the  Forty-second  Congress  (March  4, 1871-March 
3,  1873)  reelected  to  the  Forty-fourth  Congress, 
and  served  from  March  4,  1875,  to  December  12, 
1876,  when  he  resigned,  having  been  elected  mayor 
of  New  York  City. 

Ely,  William,  a  Representative  from  Massachu- 
setts; born  in  Longmeadow,  Mass.,  January  7,  1762; 
was  graduated  from  Yale  college  in  1787;  member 
of  house  of  Representatives  1801-1804;  elected  as  a 
Federalist  to  the  Ninth,  Tenth,  Eleventh,  Twelfth, 
and  Thirteenth  Congresses  (March  4, 1805-March  3, 
1815);  died  in  Springfield,  111.,  October  9,  1817. 

Embree,  Elisha,  a  Representative  from  Indi- 
ana; born  in  Lincoln  county,  Ky.,  September  28, 
1801;  moved  with  his  father  to  Indiana  in  1811; 
attended  the  public  schools ;  studied  law,  was  admit- 
ted to  the  bar,  and  began  practice  in  Princeton,  Ind. : 
circuit  judge,  1835-1845;  elected  as  a  Whig  to  the 
Thirtieth  Congress  (March  4,  1847-March  3,  1849); 
defeated  for  the  Thirty-first  Congress;  died  in 
Princeton,  Ind.,  February  28,  1863. 


Emerich,  Martin,  a  Representative  from  Illi- 
nois; born  in  Baltimore,  Md.,  April  27,  1847;  at- 
tended public  schools;  engaged  in  the  importing 
business;  in  1870  appointed  ward  commissioner  of 
the  poor  of  Baltimore,  and  in  1879  elected  a  mem- 
ber of  the  state  legislature;  moved  to  Chicago,  111., 
in  1887;  interested  in  manufacturing;  county  com- 
missioner in  1892;  elected  South  Chicago  assessor 
in  1901;  elected  to  the  Fifty-eighth  Congress 
(March  4,  1903-March  3,  1905). 

Emerson,  Louis  Woodard,  a  Representative 
from  New  York;  born  in  Warrensburg,  N.  Y.,  July 
25,  1857;  attended  Warrensburg  academy;  engaged 
in  the  banking  and  manufacturing  business;  state 
senator  for  two  terms,  commencing  1891;  elected 
as  a  Republican  to  the  Fifty-sixth  and  Fifty- 
seventh  Congresses  (March  4,  1899-March  3,  1903); 
engaged  in  the  banking  and  manufacturing  busi- 
ness in  Warrensburg,  N.  Y. 

Emott,  James,  a  Representative  from  New 
York;  born  in  Poughkeepsie,  N.  Y.,  March  9,  1771; 
completed  preparatory  studies;  studied  law,  was 
admitted  to  the  bar  and  began  practice  in  Pough- 
keepsie; moved  to  Albany,  N.  Y.,  in  1800;  mem- 
ber of  the  state  assembly  from  Albany  county  in 
1804,  and  served  as  speaker;  elected  as  a  Federalist 
to  the  Eleventh  and  Twelfth  Congresses  (March  4, 
1809-March  3,  1813);  member  of  the  state  house  of 
representatives  from  Dutchess  county  1814-1817, 
and  was  speaker  the  first  year;  judge  of  the  court  of 
common  pleas  of  Dutchess  county  from  April  8, 
1817,  to  February  3,  1823;  appointed  judge  for  the 
second  judicial  circuit  February  21,  1827,  and  held 
that  office  until  February,  1831,  when  he  retired; 
died  in  Poughkeepsie,  N.  Y.,  April  7,  1850. 

Emrie,  Jonas  Reece,  a  Representative  from 
Ohio;  born  in  Hillsboro,  Highland  county,  Ohio, 
April  24, 1812;  member  of  Ohio  state  senate  1847- 
1848;  probate  judge  Hyland  county  1851-1854; 
elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Thirty-fourth  Con- 
gress (March  4, 1855-March  3,  1857);  died  in  Mound 
City,  111.,  June  5,  1869. 

Englebright,  William  F. ,  a  Representative  from 
California;  born  in  New  Bedford,  Mass.,  November 
23,  1855;  moved  with  hia  parents  to  Vallejo,  Cal.; 
attended  public  schools;  entered  the  service  of  the 
United  States  at  the  navy  yard,  Mare  Island,  as 
joiner's  apprentice,  and  completed  his  studies  in 
engineering;  established  himself  in  Nevada  City 
as  a  mining  engineer;  elected  as  a  Republican  to 
the  Fifty-ninth  Congress  to  fill  the  vacancy  caused 
by  the  resignation  of  James  N.  Gillett;  reelected 
to  the  Sixtieth  and  Sixty-first  Congresses  and  served 
from  January  3,  1907,  to  March  3, 1911. 

English,  James  Edward,  a  Representative  and 
a  Senator  from  Connecticut;  born  in  New  Haven, 
Conn.,  March  13, 1812;  attended  the  public  schools: 
a  dealer  in  lumber,  a  banker,  and  manufacturer; 
member  of  the  state  house  of  representatives  in  1855 
and  of  the  state  senate  1856-1858;  declined  a  reelec- 
tion; defeated  as  a  candidate  for  lieutenant  gov- 
ernor in  1860;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Thirty- 
seventh  and  Thirty-eighth  Congresses  (March  4, 
1861-March  3,  1865);  elected  governor  in  1867; 
reelected  in  1868;  defeated  in  1869  and  again  in 
1870;  again  elected  to  the  state  house  of  representa- 
tives ;  appointed  as  a  Democrat  to  the  United  States 
Senate  to  fill  vacancy  occasioned  by  the  death  of 
Orris  S.  Ferry,  and  served  from  November  27,  1875, 
to  May  17,  1876;  died  in  New  Haven,  Conn.,  March 
2,  1890. 


BIOGRAPHIES. 


631 


English,  Thomas  Dunn,  a  Representative  from 
New  Jersey;  born  in  Philadelphia,  Pa.,  June  29 
1819;  attended  the  Friends  academy,  Burlington, 
N.  J.,  and  was  graduated  from  the  medical  depart- 
ment of  the  University  of  Pennsylvania  in  1839, 
and  was  also  admitted  to  the  Philadelphia  bar  in 
1842,  but  mainly  pursued  journalism;  wrote  the 
poem  "Ben  Bolt"  in  1843;  moved  to  Virginia  in 
1852;  prominent  opponent  of  Knownothingism ; 
moved  to  New  York  City  in  1857,  and  to  Newark, 
N.  J.,  a  year  later;  in  1863-1864  served  in  the  New 
Jersey  legislature;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the 
Fifty-second  and  Fifty-third  Congresses  (March  4, 
1891-March  3,  1895);  died  in  Newark,  N.  J.,  April 
1,  1902. 

English,  Warren  B.,  a  Representative  from 
California;  born  in  Charlestown,  Va.,  May  1,  1846; 
attended  the  public  schools  and  Charlestown  acad- 
amy  until  June,  1861;  served  in  the  Confederate 
army;  moved  to  Oakland,  Cal.,  and  attended  the 
California  military  academy;  elected  member  of 
the  board  of  supervisors  of  Contra  Costa  county  in 
1877  and  served  four  years;  elected  state  senator 
in  1882;  delegate  to  the  national  Democratic  con- 
vention at  Chicago  in  1884;  elected  as  a  Democrat 
to  the  Fifty-third  Congress  (March  4,  1893-March 
3,  1895);  engaged  in  the  real  estate  business  in 
Oakland,  Cal. 

English,  William  Eastin,  a  Representative 
from  Indiana;  born  jn  Lexington,  Scott  county, 
Ind.,  November  3,  1851;  moved  to  Indianapolis  at 
an  early  age;  was  graduated  from  the  law  depart- 
ment of  the  Northwestern  university  and  was  ad- 
mitted to  the  bar  in  1872;  member  of  the  state  house 
of  representatives  in  1878;  successfully  contested 
as  a  Democrat  the  election  Stanton  J.  Peelle  to 
the  Forty-eighth  Congress,  and  served  from  May 
22,  1884,  to  March  4,  1885;  declined  a  renomina- 
tion,  and  resumed  business  in  Indianapolis;  served 
as  captain  and  aid  de  camp  upon  the  staff  of  Gen. 
Joseph  Wheeler  in  Spanish  war;  president  of  the 
board  of  park  commissioners;  president  of  the  board 
of  police  and  fire  commissioners ;  president  of  the 
board  of  safety;  unsuccessful  candidate  for  the 
state  senate  in  1908  and  1910,  delegate  to  the  Re- 
publican national  convention  in  1912;  a  resident 
of  Indianapolis,  Ind.,  and  engaged  in  the  practice 
of  law. 

English.,  William  Hayden,  a  Representative 
from  Indiana;  born  in  Lexington,  Scott  county, 
Ind.,  August  27,  1822;  pursued  classical  studies  in 
the  University  of  Hanover;  studied  law,  was  ad- 
mitted to  the  bar  in  1846,  and  practiced ;  princi- 
pal clerk  of  the  state  house  of  representatives  in 
1843;  clerk  in  the  Treasury  Department  at  Wash- 
ington 1844-1848;  secretary  of  the  Indiana  consti- 
tutional convention  in  1850;  speaker  of  the  Indi- 
ana house  of  representatives  1851 ;  elected  as  a  Dem- 
ocrat to  the  Thirty-third,  Thirty-fourth,  Thirty- 
fifth,  and  Thirty-sixth  Congresses  (March  4,  1853- 
March  3,  1861);  unsuccessful  candidate  for  Vice 
President  of  the  United  States  in  1880;  died  in  his 
home  in  Indianapolis,  Ind.,  February  7,  1896. 

Enloe,  Benjamin  Augustine,  a  Representa- 
tive from  Tennessee;  born  near  Clarksburg,  Carroll 
county,  Tenn.,  January  18,  1848;  attended  public 
schools  and  Bethel  college,  McKenzie,  Tenn., 
and  the  Cumberland  university  at  Lebanon,  Tenn. ; 
while  a  student  at  the  latter  institution  elected  a 
member  of  the  state  house  of  representatives;  re- 
elected  under  the  new  constitution  in  1870;  was  I 
graduated  from  the  law  department  of  Cumberland  ! 


university  in  1872;  delegate  to  the  national  Demo- 
cratic convention  at  Baltimore  in  1872;  appointed 
a  commissioner  by  Governor  Marks  in  1878  to  nego- 
tiate a  settlement  of  the  state  debt;  served  on  the 
state  executive  committee  1878-1880;  delegate  to 
the  national  Democratic  convention  at  Cincinnati 
in  1880;  edited  the  Jackson  Tribune  and  Sun  1874- 
1886;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Fiftieth,  Fifty- 
first,  Fifty-second,  and  Fifty- third  Congresses 
(March  4,  1887-March  3,  1895). 

Enochs,  William  Henry,  a  Representative  from 
Ohio;  born  near  Middleburg,  Noble  county,  Ohio, 
March  29,  1842;  brought  up  on  farm;  attended  the 
common  schools;  served  through  late  war  as  private, 
corporal,  sergeant,  lieutenant,  captain,  lieutenant 
colonel,  colonel,  and  brevet  brigadier  general;  was 
graduated  from  the  Cincinnati  law  school  1866;  was 
admitted  to  the  bar  and  engaged  in  the  practice  of 
law;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Fifty-second 
and  Fifty-third  Congresses,  and  served  from  March 
4,  1891,  until  his  death  in  Ironton,  Lawrence 
county,  Ohio,  July  13,  1893. 

Epes,  James  Fletcher,  a  Representative  from 
Virginia;  born  in  Nottoway  county,  Va.,  May  23, 
1842;  attended  the  primary  and  private  schools  and 
the  University  of  Virginia;  served  in  the  Confeder- 
ate army  1861-1865;  was  graduated  from  the  law 
department  of  Washington  and  Lee  university  in 
1867;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  and  practiced  law 
in  Blackstone,  Va.;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the 
Fifty-second  and  Fifty-third  Congresses  (March  4, 
1891-March  3,  1895);  retired  to  his  plantation, 
"The  Old  Place,"  in  Nottoway  county,  Va. 

Epes,  Sydney  Parham,  a  Representative  from 
Virginia;  born  in  Nottoway  county,  Va.,  August  20, 
1865;  moved  with  his  parents  to  Kentucky,  where 
he  pursued  an  academic  course;  returned  to  Vir- 
ginia in  1884  and  edited  and  published  a  Demo- 
cratic newspaper  for  a  number  of  years;  member  of 
the  Democratic  state  central  committee,  and  chair- 
man of  the  fourth  Congressional  district  committee; 
elected  in  1891  a  member  of  the  general  assembly; 
register  of  the  land  office  1895-1897;  presented  cre- 
dentials as  the  Member-elect  in  the  Fifty-fifth 
Congress  and  served  from  March  4,  1897,  until 
March  23,  1898,  when  he  was  succeeded  by  Robert 
T.  Thorp,  who  contested  his  election;  elected  to 
the  Fifty-sixth  Congress  and  served  from  March  4, 
1899,  until  his  death  in  Washington,  D.  C.,  March 
3,  1900. 

Eppes,  John  Wayles,  a  Representative  and  a 
Senator  from  Virginia;  born  in  Virginia  in  1773; 
pursued  an  academic  course;  studied  law,  and  was 
admitted  to  the  bar  in  1794,  and  practiced  in  Rich- 
mond, Va.;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Eighth, 
Ninth,  Tenth,  and  Eleventh  Congresses  (March  4, 
1803-March  3,  1811);  reelected  (March  4,  1813- 
March  3, 1815) ;  elected  to  the  United  States  Senate; 
served  from  March  4, 1817,  to  April,  1819,  when  he 
resigned  on  account  of  failing  health;  retired  to 
his  farm  in  Chesterfield  county,  Va.,  where  he 
died  September  20,  1823. 

Erdman,  Constantine  Jacob,  a  Representa- 
tive from  Pennsylvania;  born  in  Center  Valley, 
Lehigh  county,  Pa.,  September  4,  1846;  attended 
the  common  schools  of  the  district  and  a  classical 
school  in  Quakertown;  entered  Pennsylvania 
college,  Gettysburg,  in  1861,  and  was  graduated 
in  1865;  read  law  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar  of 
Lehigh  in  1867;  practiced  in  Allentown,  Pa. ;  elected 
district  attorney  in  1874;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to 


632 


CONGRESSIONAL   DIRECTORY. 


the  Fifty-third  and  Fifty-fourth  Congresses  (March 
4,  1893-March  3,  1897);  died  in  Allentown,  Pa., 
January  15,  1911. 

Erdman,  Jacob,  a  Representative  from  Penn- 
sylvania; native  of  Pennsylvania;  elected  as  a 
Democrat  to  the  Twenty-ninth  Congress  (March  4, 
1845-March  3,  1847);  died  in  Coopersburg,  Pa., 
July  20,  1867. 

Ermentrput,  Daniel,  a  Representative  from 
Pennsylvania;  born  in  Reading,  Pa.,  January  24, 
1837;  attended  the  public  and  classical  schools  of 
his  native  city,  Franklin  and  Marshall  college, 
Lancaster  and  Elmwood  institutes,  Norristown, 
Pa.,  studied  law  and  was  admitted  to  practice  in 
August,  1859;  elected  district  attorney  for  three 
years  in  1862;  solicitor  for  the  city  of  Reading  1867- 
1870;  elected  to  the  state  senate  in  1873  for  a  term 
of  three  years,  and  reelected  in  1876  for  four  years; 
member  of  the  board  of  school  control  of  Reading 
for  many  years;  appointed  in  October,  1877,  by 
Governor  Hartranft,  a  member  of  the  Pennsylvania 
statuary  commission;  several  times  chosen  chairman 
of  the  standing  committee  of  Berks  county,  and 
delegate  to  various  Democratic  state  conventions; 
delegate  to  the  national  Democratic  convention  at 
Cincinnati  in  1880;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the 
Forty-seventh,  Forty-eighth,  Forty-ninth,  and 
Fiftieth  Congresses  (March  4,  1881-March  3,  1889), 
and  reelected  to  the  Fifty-fifth  and  Fifty-sixth 
Congresses,  and  served  until  his  death,  September 
17,  1899. 

Errett,  Russell,  a  Representative  from  Penn- 
sylvania; born  in  New  York  City  November  10, 
1817;  self-instructed;  moved  to  Pittsburgh,  Pa., 
in  1829;  by  profession  an  editor;  elected  comptroller 
of  Pittsburgh  in  1860;  served  as  clerk  of  the  Penn- 
sylvania senate  1860-1861  and  1872-1876;  appointed 
additional  paymaster  in  the  United  States  Army 
in  1861,  and  served  until  mustered  out  in  1866; 
elected  to  the  state  senate  of  Pennsylvania  in  1867 ; 
appointed  assessor  of  internal  revenue  in  1869,  and 
served  until  1873;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the 
Forty-fifth,  Forty-sixth,  and  Forty-seventh  Con- 
gresses (March  4,  1877-March  3,  1883);  defeated  for 
reelection;  appointed  by  President  Arthur  United 
States  pension  agent  at  Pittsburgh  in  1883,  which 
position  he  held  until  May,  1887;  died  in  Carnegie, 
Pa.,  April  7,  1891. 

Eryin,  James,  a  Representative  from  South 
Carolina;  born  in  Williamsburg  District,  S.  C., 
October  17,  1778;  was  graduated  from  Brown  uni- 
versity in  1797;  studied  law,  and  in  1800  admitted 
to  the  bar;  member  of  the  state  house  of  representa- 
tives 1800-1804;  solicitor  of  the  northern  judicial 
circuit  1804-1816;  trustee  of  the  South  Carolina 
college  1809-1817;  elected  as  a  protectionist  to  the 
Fifteenth  and  Sixteenth  Congresses  (March  4,  1817- 
March  3,  1821);  declined  reelection  on  account  of 
failing  health;  died  near  Darlington,  S.  C.,  July  7, 
1841. 

Esch,  John  Jacob,  a  Representative  from  Wis- 
consin; born  near  Norwalk,  Monroe  county,  Wis., 
March  20,  1861;  parents  moved  to  Milwaukee  in 
1865  and  five  years  later  to  Sparta,  Wis.,  and  gradu- 
ated from  the  Sparta  high  school;  was  graduated 
from  the  State  university  at  Madison  in  1882  and 
from  the  law  department  in  1887;  practiced  in 
Sparta;  city  treasurer  in  1885;  in  January,  1894, 
commissioned  acting  judge  advocate  general,  with 
the  rank  of  colonel,  by  Gov.  W.  H.  Upham,  and 
held  the  office  two  years;  elected  as  a  Republican 


to  the  Fifty-sixth,  Fifty-seventh,  Fifty-eighth, 
Fifty-ninth,  Sixtieth,  and  Sixty-first  Congresses 
(March  4,  1899-March  3,  1911).  Reelected  to  the 
Sixty-second  Congress. 

Estabropk,  Experience,  a  Delegate  from  the 
Territory  of  Nebraska;  a  resident  of  Omaha;  pre- 
sented credentials  as  a  Delegate-elect  to  the 
Thirty-sixth  Congress,  and  served  from  March  4, 
1859,  to  May  18, 1860,  when  he  was  unseated  after 
a  contest  with  Samuel  G.  Daily. 

Estil,  Benjamin,  a  Representative  from  Vir- 
ginia; native  of  Washington  county,  Va.;  attended 
the  public  schools;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to 
the  bar,  and  began  practice  in  Arlington;  elected 
to  the  Nineteenth  Congress  (March  4, 1825-March  3. 
1827). 

Estopinal,  Albert,  a  Representative  from  Lou- 
isiana; born  in  the  parish  of  St.  Bernard,  La.,  Janu- 
ary 30,  1845;  attended  the  public  schools  of  the 
parish  and  of  New  Orleans  and  also  private  schools; 
elected  sheriff  of  St.  Bernard  Parish  in  1872  and 
1874;  elected  to  the  state  house  of  representatives 
in  1876  and  1878;  member  of  the  constitutional  con- 
vention of  1879;  elected  to  the  state  senate  in  1880 
and  served  continuously  in  that  body  until  1900, 
when  he  was  elected  lieutenant-governor  and 
served  four  years;  member  of  the  state  constitu- 
tional convention  of  1898;  left  school  in  January, 
1862,  to  enlist  in  the  Confederate  army,  in  which 
he  served  until  March,  1865;  elected  to  the  Sixtieth 
Congress,  to  fill  the  vacancy  caused  by  the  death 
of  Adolph  Meyer,  and  reelected  to  the  Sixty-first 
Congress;  served  from  December  7,  1908,  to  March 
3,  1911.  Reelected  to  the  Sixty-second  Congress. 

Esty,  Constantino  Canaris,  a  Representative 
from  Massachusetts;  born  in  Framingham,  Mass., 
December  26,  1824;  was  graduated  from  Yale  col- 
lege in  1845;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar 
December  2, 1847,  and  began  practice  in  Framing- 
ham,  Mass.;  member  of  the  state  senate  1857-1858; 
appointed  assessor  of  internal  revenue  in  1862  by 
President  Lincoln;  was  removed  for  political  rea- 
sons by  President  Johnson  in  1866;  served  in  the 
state  house  of  representatives  in  1867;  reappointed 
by  President  Johnson  as  assessor  of  internal  revenue 
in  1867;  resigned  in  1872;  elected  as  a  Republican 
tot  he  Forty-second  Congress,  to  fill  vacancy  caused 
by  the  resignation  of  George  M.  Brooks,  and  served 
from  December  2, 1872,  to  March  3,  1873;  engaged 
in  the  practice  of  law  in  Framingham,  Mass.,  until 
his  death,  December  27.  1912. 

Etheridge,  Emerson,  a  Representative  from 
Tennessee;  born  in  Currituck,  N.  C.,  September  28, 
1819;  moved  to  Tennessee  in  1831;  completed  pre- 
paratory studies;  studied  law,  and  in  1840  was  ad' 
mitted  to  the  bar,  and  practiced  in  Dresden,  Tenn.; 
member  of  the  state  house  of  representatives  1845- 
1847;  elected  as  a  Whig  to  the  Thirty-third  and 
Thirty-fourth  Congresses  (March  4,  1853-March  3, 
1857);  defeated  for  the  Thirty-fifth  Congress;  again 
elected  to  the  Thirty-sixth  Congress  (March  4, 
1859-March  3, 1861);  clerk  of  the  National  House  of 
Representatives  1861-1863;  member  of  the  state 
senate  1869-1870;  defeated  for  governor  in  1867; 
surveyor  of  customs  in  Memphis  1891-1894;  died 
in  1902. 

Eustis,  George,  jr.,  a  Representative  from 
Louisiana;  born  in  New  Orleans,  La.,  September 
28,  1828;  was  graduated  from  the  Jefferson  college 


BIOGRAPHIES. 


633 


of  Louisiana  and  attended  Howard  University; 
admitted  to  the  bar  and  began  practice  in  New 
Orleans;  elected  as  an  American  to  the  Thirty- 
fourth  and  Thirty-fifth  Congresses  (March  4,  1855- 
March  3,  1859);  secretary  of  the  Confederate  lega- 
tion at  Paris;  secretary  to  John  Slid  ell  and  was 
taken  prisoner  with  him  from  the  Trent  in  Havana 
in  1861 ;  remained  in  Paris  after  the  close  of  the 
war;  commissioned  by  Elihu  B.  Washburne,  the 
minister  at  Paris,  to  negotiate  a  postal  treaty  with 
the  French  government;  died  in  Cannes,  France, 
March  15,  1872. 

Eustis,  James  Biddle,  a  Senator  from  Louisi- 
ana; born  in  New  Orleans  August  27,  1834;  pursued 
classical  studies;  attended  the  Harvard  law  school 
1853-1854;  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1856,  and  prac- 
ticed in  New  Orleans;  entered  the  Confederate  serv- 
ice at  the  commencement  of  hostilities  as  judge- 
advocate  on  the  staff  of  General  Magruder  and  trans- 
ferred to  the  staff  of  Gen .  Joseph  E .  Johnston ;  served 
until  the  close  of  the  war;  resumed  practice  in  New 
Orleans;  elected  a  member  of  the  state  legislature 
prior  to  the  reconstruction  acts;  one  of  the  commit- 
tee sent  to  Washington  to  confer  with  President 
Johnson  on  Louisiana  affairs;  member  of  the  state 
house  of  representatives  in  1872;  state  senator  1874- 
1878;  elected  to  the  United  States  Senate  in  1875; 
credentials  were  presented  in  the  special  session 
of  that  year,  and  after  a  contest  was  seated  Decem- 
ber 10,  1875,  service  to  date  from  January  12,  1876; 
served  until  March  3,  1879;  professor  of  civil  law  in 
the  University  of  Louisiana;  again  elected  to  the 
United  States  Senate  as  a  Democrat,  and  served 
from  March  4,  1885,  to  March  3,  1891;  practiced  law 
in  Washington,  D.  C.,  in  1891;  ambassador  to 
France  1893-3897;  located  in  New  York  City;  died 
in  Newport,  R.  I.,  September  9,  1899. 

Eustis,  William,  a  Representative  from  Massa- 
chusetts; born  in  Cambridge,  Mass.,  June  10,  1753; 
was  graduated  from  Harvard  college  in  1772; 
studied  medicine,  and  served  in  the  Revolution- 
ary army  as  surgeon;  resumed  practice  in  Boston; 
accompanied  the  expedition,  and  as  a  surgeon,  sent 
to  suppress  Shay's  rebellion  1786-1787;  representa- 
tive in  the  state  legislature  1788-1794;  elected  as  a 
Democrat  to  the  Seventh  and  Eighth  Congresses 
(March  4,  1801-March  3,  1805);  Secretary  of  War 
from  March  7,  1809,  to  January  19,  1813;  minister 
to  the  Netherlands  December  19,  1814,  to  May  5, 
1818;  again  elected  to  the  Sixteenth  and  Seven- 
teenth Congresses  (March  4,  1821-March  3,  1823); 
elected  governor  of  Massachusetts  in  1823,  and 
served  until  his  death,  in  Boston,  February  6, 
1825. 

Evans,  Alexander,  a  Representative  from  Mary- 
land; born  in  Elkton,  Md.;  attended  the  public 
schools;  studied  law,  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar; 
began  practice  in  Elkton  in  1845;  elected  as  a  Whig 
to  the  Thirtieth,  Thirty-first,  and  Thirty-second 
Congresses  (March  4,  1847-March  3,  1853);  died 
December  6,  1888. 

Evans,  Alvin,  a  Representative  from  Pennsyl- 
vania; born  in  Ebensburg,  Cambria  county,  Pa., 
October  4,  1845;  attended  the  public  schools  of  his 
native  county;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar 
June  3, 1873;  and  practiced  law  in  the  several  courts 
of  Cambria  county,  the  superior  and  supreme  courts 
of  the  state,  and  the  federal  courts;  elected  as  a  Re- 
publican to  the  Fifty-seventh  and  Fifty-eighth 
Congresses  (March  4,  1901-March  3,  1905);  died  in 
Ebensburg,  Pa.,  June  19,  1906. 


Evans,  David  E,.,  a  Representative  from  South 
Carolina;  born  in  Westminster,  England,  February 
20,  1769;  came  with  his  father  to  South  Carolina  in 
1784;  attended  Mount  Zion  college;  studied  law  and 
in  1796  was  admitted  to  the  bar;  member  of  the 
state  house  of  representatives  1800-1804;  solicitor 
of  the  middle  judicial  circuit  1804-1811;  elected  as 
a  Democrat  to  the  Thirteenth  Congress  (March  4, 
1813-March  3,  1815);  declined  a  reelection  and  re- 
turned to  his  plantation;  member  of  the  state  sen- 
ate 1818-1826;  died  March  8,  1843. 

Evans,  George,  a  Representative  and  a  Sen- 
ator from  Maine;  born  in  Hallowell,  Mass,  (after- 
wards Maine),  January  12,  1797;  was  graduated 
from  Bowdoin  college  in  1815;  studied  law,  and  in 
1818  was  admitted  to  the  bar;  member  of  the  state 
house  of  representatives,  and  served  as  speaker  in 
1829;  elected  to  the  Twenty-first,  Twenty-second, 
Twenty-third,  Twenty-fourth,  Twenty-fifth,  and 
Twenty-sixth  Congresses  (March  4,  1829-Marcb.  3, 
1841);  elected  as  a  Whig  to  the  United  States  Sen- 
ate and  served  from  March  4,  1841,  until  March  3, 
1847 j  defeated  for  reelection;  member  of  the  com- 
mission to  ascertain  the  claims  against  Mexico  1849- 
1850;  elected  attorney  general  of  Maine  in  1850, 
1854,  and  1856;  died  in  Hallowell,  Me.,  April  5, 
1867. 

Evans,  Henry  Clay,  a  Representative  from 
Tennessee;  born  in  Juniata  county,  Pa.,  June  18, 
1843;  attended  the  common  schools  and  pursued 
an  academic  course;  manufacturer;  enlisted  in  the 
forty-first  Wisconsin  infantry  during  the  civil  war; 
located  in  Chattanooga,  Tenn.,  in  1870;  twice 
elected  mayor;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the 
Fifty-first  Congress  (March  4,  1829-March  3,  1831); 
Assistant  Postmaster  General,  1891-1893;  elected 
governor  of  Tennessee  in  1894  on  the  face  of  the  re- 
turns, but  a  legislative  recount  rejected  certain 
votes  and  declared  Turney  elected;  United  States 
pension  commissioner  March  31, 1897,  to  May,  1902; 
appointed  United  States  consul  general  to  London, 
England,  May  9,  1902,  retiring  in  1905;  delegate  in 
the  Republican  national  conventions  of  1892,  1896, 
1900,  1904,  1808,  and  1912. 

Evans,  Isaac  Newton,  a  Representative  from 
Pennsylvania;  born  in  East  Nantmeal  township, 
Chester  county,  Pa.,  July  29,  1827;  pursued  an  aca- 
demic course;  studied  medicine;  was  graduated 
from  the  medical  department  of  Bowdoin  college, 
Mainej  in  1851,  and  Jefferson  college,  of  Philadel- 
phia;  in  1852;  member  of  the  Pennsylvania  state 
medical  society  and  the  American  medical  associ- 
ation; president  of  the  Hatboro  national  bank; 
elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Forty-fifth  Congress 
(March  4,  1877-March  3,  1879),  and  reelected  to  the 
Forty-eighth  and  Forty-ninth  Congresses  (March  4, 
1883-March  3,  1887). 

Evans,  James  La  Fayette,  a  Representative 
from  Indiana;  born  in  Hamson  county,  Ky.,  March 
27,  1825;  attended  the  public  schools;  moved  to  In- 
diana and  located  in  Hancock  county  in  1837; 
moved  to  Hamilton  county,  Ind.,  and  located  in 
Noblesville  in  1850;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the 
Forty-fourth  and  Forty-fifth  Congresses  (March  4, 
1875-March  3,  1879);  died  in  Noblesville,  Ind., 
March  28,  1903. 

Evans,  John,  a  Delegate  from  Delaware;  sat  in 
the  Continental  Congress  1776-1777;  was  justice  of 
the  supreme  court  of  Pennsylvania;  died  Decem- 
ber 11,  1783. 


634 


CONGRESSIONAL   DIRECTORY. 


Evans,  Jr.,  Joshua,  a  Representative  from 
Pennsylvania;  born  in  Paoli  Hotel,  Chester  county, 
Pa.,  January  20,  1877;  attended  the  public  schools; 
brigader  general  of  state  militia;  elected  as  a 
Democrat  to  the  Twenty-first  and  Twenty-second 
Congresses  (March  4,  1829-March  3,  1833);  died  in 
Paoli  Hotel,  Chester  county,  Pa.,  October  21,  1846. 

Evans,  Josiah  James,  a  Senator  from  South 
Carolina;  born  in  Marlboro  District,  S.  C.,  Novem- 
ber 27,  1786;  was  graduated  in  1808  from  South 
Carolina  college;  studied  law,  and  in  1811  began 
practice  in  Marlboro  District;  member  of  the  state 
house  of  representatives  1812-1813;  moved  to 
Darlington  District  in  1816,  and  again  elected  a 
member  of  the  state  house  of  representatives; 
state  solicitor  for  the  northern  district  1816-1829; 
circuit  judge  1829-1835,  and  of  the  higher  court 
1829-1852;  elected  as  a  State  Rights  Democrat  to 
the  United  States  Senate,  and  served  from  March 
4,  1853,  until  his  death  in  Washington,  D.  C., 
May  6,  1858. 

Evans,  Lemuel  Dale,  a  Representative  from 
Texas;  born  in  Tennessee  in  1810;  studied  law  and 
was  admitted  to  the  bar;  moved  to  Marshall,  Tex., 
in  1843,  where  he  practiced  law;  member  of  the 
state  convention  that  annexed  the  state  of  Texas 
to  the  Union  in  1845;  elected  as  an  American  to 
the  Thirty-fourth  Congress  (March  4,  1855-March  3, 
1857);  defeated  for  reelection;  member  of  the  re- 
construction convention  of  1868;  appointed  asso- 
ciate justice  of  the  supreme  court  in  1870  and 
resigned  in  1873;  appointed  United  States  marshal 
for  the  eastern  judicial  district  of  Texas  in  1875; 
died  in  Washington,  D.  C.,  July  1,  1877. 

Evans,  Nathan,  a  Representative  from  Ohio; 
born  in  Belmont  county,  Ohio,  June  24,  1804; 
completed  preparatory  studies;  studied  law,  and 
in  1831  was  admitted  to  the  bar;  began  practice  in 
Cambridge,  Ohio;  prosecuting  attorney  for  Guern- 
sey county  1842-1846;  elected  as  a  Whig  to  the 
Thirtieth  and  Thirty-first  Congresses  (March  4, 
1847-March  3,  1851);  resumed  practice  in  Cam- 
bridge, Ohio. 

Evans,  Thomas,  a  Representative  from  Vir- 
ginia; native  of  Virginia;  attended  the  public 
schools;  studied  law  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar; 
elected  to  the  Fifth  and  Sixth  Congresses  (March  4, 
1797-March  3,  1801). 

Evans,  Walter,  a  Representative  from  Ken- 
tucky; born  in  Barren  county,  Ky.,  September  18, 
1842;  attended  school  in  Harrodsburg,  Ky.;  served 
in  the  Union  army  1861-1863;  studied  law  and 
was  admitted  to  the  bar  of  Christian  county,  Ky., 
in  1864;  elected  to  the  lower  house  of  the  state 
legislature  in  1871  and  to  the  senate  in  1874; 
delegate  to  the  Republican  national  conventions 
in  1868,  1872,  1880,  and  1884;  moved  to  Louisville, 
Ky.,  in  1874;  Republican  nominee  for  governor 
in  1879;  on  May  21,  1883,  appointed  by  Presi- 
dent Arthur  Commissioner  of  Internal  Revenue 
and  served  until  April  20,  1885,  when  he  returned 
to  Louisville  and  resumed  the  practice  of  law; 
elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Fifty-fourth  and 
Fifty-fifth  Congresses  (March  4,  1895-March  3, 
1899);  appointed  judge  of  the  district  court  of  the 
United  States  for  the  district  of  Kentucky,  by 
President  McKinley,  March  4,  1899,  which  office 
he  still  holds  and  resides  in  Louisville,  Ky. 

Evarts,  William  Maxwell,  a  Senator  from  New 
York;  born  in  Boston,  Mas.*.,  February  6, 1818;  pur- 


sued an  academic  course;  was  graduated  from  Yale 
college  in  1837;  was  one  of  the  four  founders  of  the 
Yale  Literary  Magazine  in  1836;  studied  in  the 
Harvard  law  school,  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar 
in  New  York  City  in  1841,  and  practiced;  was 
assistant  United  States  district  attorney  1849-1853; 
chairman  of  the  New  York  delegation  to  the  Re- 
publican national  convention  of  1860;  member  of 
the  state  constitutional  convention  of  1867-1868; 
Attorney  General  of  the  United  States  from  July 
15,  1868,  to  March  3,  1869;  counsel  for  President 
Johnson  on  his  trial  upon  his  impeachment  in 
1868;  counsel  for  the  United  States  before  the 
tribunal  of  arbitration  on  the  Alabama  claims  at 
Geneva,  Switzerland,  in  1872;  counsel  for  Presi- 
dent Hayes,  in  behalf  of  the  Republican  party, 
before  the  electoral  commission;  Secretary  of 
State  of  the  United  States  from  March  12,  1877, 
to  March  3,  1881;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the 
United  States  Senate,  and  served  from  March  4, 
1885,  to  March  3,  1891;  died  in  New  York  City 
February  28,  1901. 

Eveleigh,  Nicholas,  a  Delegate  from  South 
Carolina;  sat  in  the  Continental  Congress  1781-1782. 

Everett,  Edward,  a  Representative  and  a  Sen- 
ator from  Massachusetts;  born  in  Dorchester,  Mass., 
April  11,  1794;  was  graduated  from  Harvard  col- 
lege in  1811;  tutor  in  Harvard  1812-1814;  studied 
theology,  and  was  ordained  pastor  of  the  Brattle 
street  Unitarian  church,  Boston,  February  9,  1814; 
elected  professor  of  Greek  literature  in  Harvard  in 
1814,  and  served  as  such  1819-1826;  elected  as  a 
Whig  to  the  Nineteenth,  Twentieth,  Twenty-first, 
Twenty-second,  and  Twenty- third  Congresses 
(March  4, 1825-March  3, 1835) ;  declined  areelection; 
governor  of  Massachusetts  1836-1840;  declined  a 
commission  to  China  1843;  minister  to  Great  Brit- 
ain September  13,  1841,  to  August  8,  1845;  elected 
president  of  Harvard  college  and  served  from  1846 
to  1849;  appointed  Secretary  of  State  under  Presi- 
dent Fillmore  to  fill  the  vacancy  caused  by  the 
death  of  Daniel  Webster,  and  served  from  Novem- 
ber 6,  1852,  to  March  3,  1853;  elected  to  the  United 
States  Senate,  and  served  from  March  4,  1853,  to 
May  17,  1854,  when  he  resigned;  defeated  as  the 
American  compromise  candidate  for  Vice  Presi- 
dent in  1860  on  the  ticket  headed  by  John  Bell; 
presidential  elector  in  1864  on  the  Lincoln  and 
Johnson  ticket;  died  in  Boston,  January  15,  1865. 

Everett,  Horace,  a  Representative  from  Ver- 
mont; born  in  Foxboro,  Mass.,  July  17,  1779;  was 
graduated  from  Brown  university  in  1797;  studied 
law  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar;  began  practice  in 
Windsor,  Vt.;  prosecuting  attorney  for  Windsor 
county,  1813-1817;  member  of  the  state  house  of 
representatives  1820-1822  and  again  in  1834;  dele- 
gate to  the  state  constitutional  convention  in  1828; 
elected  as  a  Whig  to  the  Twenty-first,  Twenty- 
second,  Twenty-third',  Twenty-fourth,  Twenty- 
fifth,  Twenty-sixth,  and  Twenty-seventh  Con- 
gresses (March  4,  1829-March  3,  1843);  died  in 
Windsor,  Vt.,  January  30,  1851. 

Everett,  Robert  William,  a  Representative 
from  Georgia;  born  near  the  village  of  Hayneville, 
Houston  county,  Ga.,  March  3,  1839;  attended  the 
village  schools;  was  graduated  from  Mercer  univer- 
sity in  July,  1859;  located  in  Polk  county;  engaged 
in  teaching  school;  entered  the  Confederate  army 
as  a  sergeant  in  Gen.  N.  B.  Forrest's  escort  squad- 
ron, and  served  until  the  close  of  the  war;  com- 
missioner of  revenue ;  twelve  years  on  the  board  of 
education,  the  last  four  as  president  of  the  board; 


BIOGRAPHIES. 


635 


member  of  the  general  assembly  1882-1885; 
elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Fifty-second  Congress 
(March  4,  1889-March  3,  1891);  again  elected  a 
member  of  the  state  legislature  of  Georgia;  retired 
and  resides  in  Rockmart,  Ga. 

Everett,  William.,  a  Representative  from  Massa- 
chusetts; born  in  Watertpwn,  Mass.,  October  10, 
1839;  attended  the  public  schools  of  Cambridge 
and  Boston;  was  graduated  from  Harvard  college 
in  1859;  from  Trinity  college,  Cambridge,  England, 
in  1863;  from  the  law  department  of  Harvard  col- 
lege in  1865;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1866; 
studied  for  the  ministry  and  was  licensed  to  preach 
in  1872  by  the  Suffolk  association  of  Unitarian 
ministers;  tutor  in  Harvard  college  1870-1873; 
assistant  professor  of  Latin  1873-1877;  master  of 
Adams  academy,  Quincy,  Mass.,  1878-1893;  elected 
as  a  Democrat  to  the  Fifty-third  Congress  (March  4, 
1893-March  3,  1895);  died  in  Quincy,  Mass.,  Feb- 
ruary 16,  1910. 

Everhart,  James  Bowen,  a  Representative 
from  Pennsylvania;  born  in  West  Whiteland  town- 
ship, Chester  county,  Pa.,  July  26,  1821;  attended 
Bolmar's  academy  in  West  Chester,  Pa.,  and  was 
graduated  from  Princeton  in  1842;  studied  law  in 
the  Harvard  law  school  and  in  Philadelphia,  Pa., 
and  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1845;  went  abroad 
and  spent  two  years  in  study  in  the  universities 
of  Berlin  and  Edinburgh;  returned  to  West  Ches- 
ter, Pa.,  and  engaged  in  the  practice  of  law;  served 
in  the  volunteer  army  raised  to  repel  Lee's  inva- 
sions in  1862  and  1863,  and  was  major  the  latter 
year;  member  of  the  state  senate  from  1873  until 
1883  when  he  resigned;  elected  as  a  Republican 
to  the  Forty-eighth  and  Forty-ninth  Congresses 
(March  4,  1883-March  3,  1887);  died  in  West  Ches- 
ter, Pa.,  August  23,  1888. 

Everhart,  William,  a  Representative  from 
Pennsylvania;  born  in  Chester  county,  Pa.,  May  17, 
1785;  attended  local  schools  and  became  a  civil 
engineer;  captain  of  a  company  of  riflemen  in  the 
war  of  1812;  was  the  only  passenger  saved  from  the 
packet  ship  Albion,  wrecked  off  the  coast  of  Ire- 
land in  1822;  when  he  returned  to  Pennsylvania 
he  platted  a  large  addition  to  the  city  of  West 
Chester;  was  elected  as  a  Whig  to  the  Thirty-third 
Congress  (March  4,  1853-March  3,  1855);  declined 
a  reelection  and  resumed  mercantile  business; 
died  in  West  Chester,  Pa.,  October  30,  1868. 

Evins,  John  Hamilton,  a  Representative  from 
South  Carolina;  born  in  Spartanburg  county,  S.  C., 
July  18,  1830;  was  graduated  from  South  Carolina 
college  in  1853;  studied  law  and  was  admitted  to 
practice  in  1856;  officer  in  the  Confederate  service; 
member  of  the  legislature  two  terms;  elected  as  a 
Democrat  to  the  Forty-fifth,  Forty-sixth,  Forty- 
seventh,  and  Forty-eighth  Congresses  (March  4, 
1877-March  3,  1885);  died  in  Spartanburg,  S.  C., 
October  20,  1884. 

Ewart,  Hamilton  Glover,  a  Representative 
from  North  Carolina;  born  in  Columbia,  S.  C!.,  Octo- 
ber 23,  1849;  pursued  an  academic  course;  was 
graduated  from  the  University  of  South  Carolina, 
both  literary  and  law  departments;  commenced 
practice  in  Hendersonville,  N.  C.,  in  1872;  ap- 
pointed register  in  bankruptcy;  twice  elected 
mayor  of  Hendersonville;  district  elector  on  the 
Hayes  ticket  in  1876;  elected  to  the  lower  house  of 
the  legislature  in  1886;  elected  as  a  Republican  to 
the  Fifty-first  Congress  (March  4,  1887-March  3, 
1889);  elected  judge  of  the  criminal  court  in  1895; 


judge  of  the  circuit  court  in  1897,  and  appointed 
judge  of  the  United  States  district -'court  for  the 
western  district  of  North  Carolina  in  1898. 

Ewing,  Andrew,  a  Representative  from  Ten- 
nessee; born  in  Nashville,  Tenn.;  completed  pre- 
paratory studies;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the 
Thirty-first  Congress  (March  4,  1849-March  3, 
1851);  died  June  16,  1864. 

Ewing,  Edwin  H.,  a  Representative  from  Ten- 
nessee; native  of  Tennessee;  completed  prepara- 
tory studies ;  elected  as  a  Whig  to  the  Twenty-ninth 
Congress  (March  4,  1845-March  3,  1847);  died  in 
1902. 

Ewing,  John,  a  Representative  from  Indiana; 
born  at  sea  while  his  parents  were  on  their  way 
from  Cork  to  Baltimore  in  1789;  located  in  Indiana; 
attended  the  public  schools;  established  the  Wa- 
bash  Transcript;  engaged  in  commercial  pursuits 
in  Vincennes ;  served  several  years  in  both  branches 
of  the  state  legislature;  elected  to  the  Twenty-third 
Congress  (March  4, 1833-March  3,  1835),  and  to  the 
Twenty-fifth  Congress  (March  4,  1837-March  3, 
1839);  died  in  Vincennes,  Ind.,  April  6,  1858. 

Ewing,  John  Hoge,  a  Representative  from 
Pennsylvania;  born  in  Fayette  county,  Pa.,  Octo- 
ber 5,  1796;  received  a  limited  schooling;  was 
graduated  from  Washington  and  Jefferson  college, 
Pa.,  in  1814;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar 
in  1818,  and  practiced;  engaged  in  agricultural 
pursuits;  member  of  the  state  house  of  represen- 
tatives in  1835  and  1836;  served  in  the  state  sen- 
ate 1838-1842;  elected  as  a  Whig  to  the  Twenty- 
ninth  Congress  (March  4,  1845-March  3,  1847); 
died  in  Washington,  Pa.,  June  9.  1887. 

Ewing,  Presley  Underwood,  a  Representa- 
tive from  Kentucky;  native  of  Russellville,  Ky.; 
completed  preparatory  studies;  studied  law  and 
was  admitted  to  the  bar;  served  two  terms  in  the 
state  legislature;  elected  as  a  WTiig  to  the  Thirty- 
second  and  Thirty-third  Congresses  (March  4, 
1851-March  3, 1855);  died  in  Mammoth  Cave,  Ky., 
September  27,  1854. 

Ewing,  Thomas,  a  Senator  from  Ohio;  born 
near  West  Liberty,  Va.,  December  28, 1789;  moved 
with  his  parents  to  Ohio  in  1792;  completed  pre- 
paratory studies  in  the  Athens  academy,  which 
conferred  on  him  the  degree  of  A.  B.  in  1815?  the 
first  granted  in  Ohio;  studied  law  and  was  admitted 
to  the  bar  in  1816;  began  practice  in  Lancaster, 
Ohio;  elected  as  a  Whig  to  the  United  States  Senate 
and  served  from  March  4,  1831,  to  March  3,  1837; 
defeated  for  reelection;  appointed  Secretary  of  the 
Treasury  by  President  Harrison,  and  served  from 
March  5,  1841,  to  September  13,  1841;  appointed 
Secretary  of  the  Interior  by  President  Taylor,  and 
served  from  March  8,  1849,  to  July  23,  1850;  ap- 
pointed to  the  United  States  Senate  to  fill  the 
vacancy  caused  by  the  resignation  of  Thomas 
Corwin;  served  from  July  20, 1850,  to  March  3, 1851; 
resumed  the  practice  of  law  in  Lancaster;  delegate 
to  the  peace  congress  in  1861;  delegate  to  the  na- 
tional Union  convention  in  1865 ;  appointed  Secre- 
tary of  War  by  President  Johnson  February  22, 
1868,  but  Senate  refused  to  confirm  the  appoint- 
ment; died  in  Lancaster,  Ohio,  October  26,  1871. 

Ewing,  Jr.,  Thomas,  a  Representative  from 
Ohio;  born  in  Lancaster,  Ohio,  August?,  1829;  was 
graduated  from  Brown  university  in  1849 ;  studied 
law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar  and  practiced  in 
Cincinnati,  Ohio;  removed  to  Leavenworth,  Kans. 


636 


CONGRESSIONAL   DIRECTORY. 


in  1856;  member  of  the  peace  conference  from 
Kansas  in  1861;  chief  justice  supreme  court  of 
Kansas  1861-2;  served  in  the  Union  Army  as 
colonel  eleventh  Kansas  infantry  volunteers 
August,  1862;  brigadier  general  United  States  vol- 
unteers September,  1863;  brevet  major  general 
United  States  volunteers  March,  1865;  member  of 
the  constitutional  convention  of  Ohio  1873-^i; 
elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Forty -fifth  and  Forty- 
sixth  Congresses  (March  4,  1877-March  3,  1881); 
moved  to  New  York  in  1881,  where  he  engaged  in 
the  practice  of  law;  died  in  New  York  City  January 
21,  1896. 

Ewing,  William  Lee  Davidson,  a  Senator 
from  Illinois;  born  in  Kentucky  August  31,  1798; 
pursued  an  academic  course;  studied  law,  was  ad- 
mitted to  the  bar,  and  commenced  practice  in  Van- 
dalia,  Fayette  county,  111.;  appointed  receiver  of 
public  moneys  at  Vandalia  in  1820 ;  brigadier  gen- 
eral of  state  militia;  colonel  of  the  "  Spy  Battal- 
ion" during  the  Black  Hawk  war;  clerk  of  the 
state  house  of  representatives  1826-1829;  member 
of  the  state  house  of  representatives  in  1830,  and 
served  as  speaker;  served  in  the  state  senate,  and 
was  chosen  president  protempore  of  that  body  in 
1832;  commissioned  acting  lieutenant  governor, 
March  1,  1833,  caused  by  the  resignation  of  Zadoc 
Casey;  became  governor  of  Illinois  in  November, 
1834,  as  successsor  to  John  Reynolds  who  had  re- 
signed, and  served  only  15  days;  appointed  to  the 
United  States  Senate,  to  fill  the  vacancy  caused 
by  the  death  of  Elias  Kane,  and  served  from  De- 
cember 30,  1835,  to  March  3,  1837;  defeated  for 
reelection  in  1837;  again  a  state  representative 
1838  and  1840,  and  at  each  session  chosen  speaker 
over  Abraham  Lincoln;  appointed  auditor  of  pub- 
lic accounts  in  March,  1843;  died  in  Vandalia,  111., 
March  26,  1846;  interment  in  Oak  Ridge  ceme- 
tery, Springfield,  111. 

Fair,  James  Graham,  a  Senator  from  Nevada; 
born  near  Belfast,  county  Tyrone,  Ireland,  De- 
cember 3,  1831;  came  to  this  country  with  his 
parents  in  1843  and  settled  in  Illinois;  received  a 
thorough  business  training;  in  1849  moved  to  Cali- 
fornia and  engaged  in  mining  until  1860,  when  he 
moved  to  Virginia  City,  Nev. ;  engaged  extensively 
in  mining;  formed  a  partnership  with  John  W. 
Mackay,  J.  C.  Flood,  and  Wm.  S.  O'Brien  in  1867; 
the  firm  purchased  the  control  of  the  Bonanzas 
and  various  other  well-known  mines,  the  yield  of 
gold  and  silver  from  which,  while  under  the 
superintendency  of  Mr.  Fair,  is  estimated  at 
about  $200,000,000;  also  engaged  in  real  estate  in 
San  Francisco  and  was  largely  interested  in  the 
various  manufactures  of  the  Pacific  coast ;  elected 
as  a  Democrat  to  the  United  States  Senate  and 
served  from  March  4,  1881,  to  March  3,  1887;  died 
in  San  Francisco,  Cal.,  December  28,  1894. 

Fairbanks,  Charles  Warren,  a  Senator  from 
Indiana;  born  near  Union ville  Center,  Union 
county,  Ohio,  May  11,  1852;  attended  the  common 
schools  and  was  graduated  from  the  Ohio  Wesleyan 
university,  Delaware,  Ohio,  in  1872;  agent  of  the 
Associated  Press  in  Pittsburgh,  Pa.,  and  in  Cleve- 
land, Ohio;  studied  law  and  was  admitted  to  the 
bar  by  the  supreme  court  of  Ohio  in  1874;  moved 
to  Indianapolis,  Ind.,  the  same  year  and  practiced; 
trustee  of  the  Ohio  Wesleyan  university  in  1885; 
chairman  of  the  Indiana  Republican  state  conven- 
tions of  1892  and  1898;  candidate  for  United  States 
Senator  in  1893,  but  was  defeated  by  David  Turpie, 
Democrat;  delegate  at  large  to  the  Republican 
national  convention  in  St.  Louis  in  1896  and  in 


Philadelphia  in  1900;  appointed  a  member  of  the 
United  States  and  British  joint  high  commission 
which  met  in  Quebec  in  1898  for  the  adjustment 
of  Canadian  questions;  elected  as  a  Republican  to 
the  United  States  Senate  January  20,  1897;  re- 
elected  in  1903,  and  served  from  March  4,  1897, 
until  his  resignation  March  3,  1905;  delegate  to 
Republican  national  convention  in  Chicago  in 
1904;  vice  president  of  the  United  States  from 
March  4,  1905,  to  March  4,  1909;  resumed  the 
practice  of  law  in  Indianapolis,  Ind. 

Fairchild,  Benjamin  Lewis,  a  Representative 
from  New  York;  born  in  Sweden,  N.  Y.,  January  5, 
1863 ;  moved  with  his  parents  to  Washington ,  D .  C . , 
in  1865;  attended  the  public  schools  of  Washington, 
and  at  the  age  of  13  entered  the  draftsman  division 
of  the  Interior  Department,  and  two  years  later  the 
Bureau  of  Engraving  and  Printing  of  the  Treasury 
Department;  studied  law  and  was  graduated  from 
the  Columbian  law  school  in  1885;  was  admitted 
to  the  bar  and  practiced  in  New  York  City;  elected 
as  a  Republican  to  the  Fifty-fourth  Congress 
(March  4,  1895-March  3,  1897);  resumed  the  prac- 
tice of  law  in  New  York  City  and  a  resident  of  Pel- 
ham,  N.  Y. 

Fairchild,  George  Winthrop,  a  Representa- 
tive from  New  York;  born  in  Oneonta,  Otsego 
county,  N.  Y.,  May  6, 1854;  completed  preparatory 
studies;  apprenticed  as  a  printer;  president  of  the 
Oneonta  Herald  publishing  company;  elected  as  a 
Republican  to  the  Sixtieth  and  Sixty-first  Con- 
gresses (March  4,  1907-March  3,  1911).  Reelected  to 
the  Sixty-second  Congress. 

Fairfield,  John,  a  Representative  and  a  Senator 
from  Maine;  born  in  Saco,  Me.,  January  30,  1797; 
received  a  limited  schooling;  studied  law  and  in 
1826  was  admitted  to  the  bar;  appointed  reporter 
of  the  state  supreme  court  in  1832;  elected  as  a 
Democrat  to  the  Twenty-fourth  and  Twenty-fifth 
Congresses  (March  4, 1835-March  3, 1839) ;  governor 
1839-1843;  elected  to  the  United  States  Senate,  to 
fill  vacancy  caused  by  the  resignation  of  Reuel 
Williams;  reelected,  and  served  from  March  4, 1843, 
until  his  death  in  Washington,  D.  C.,  December  24, 
1847. 

Faran,  James  J.,  a  Representative  from  Ohio; 
born  in  Cincinnati,  Ohio,  December  29,  1808;  at- 
tended the  common  schools  and  was  graduated 
from  Miami  university,  Oxford,  Ohio,  in  1831; 
studied  law,  was  admitted  to  bar  in  1833,  and 
engaged  in  practice  in  Cincinnati;  member  of 
state  house  of  representatives  1835-1836  and  1837- 
1839,  and  served  as  speaker  1838-1839;  served  in 
the  state  senate  1839-1843,  and  speaker  of  the  sen- 
ate 1841-1843;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Twenty- 
ninth  and  Thirtieth  Congresses  (March  4,  1845- 
March  3,  1849);  mayor  of  Cincinnati  1855-1857; 
postmaster  1857-1861  under  President  Buchanan; 
associate  editor  and  proprietor  of  the  Enquirer 
1844-1881;  died  in  Cincinnati,  Ohio,  December  12, 
1892. 

Faris,  George  Washington,  a  Representative 
from  Indiana;  born  in  Jasper  county,  Ind.,  June  9, 
1854 ;  his  early  life  was  spent  on  a  farm  in  Pulaski 
county,  Ind.;  was  graduated  from  Asbury  univer- 
sity in  1877;  read  law  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar 
in  1877,  and  practiced  in  Terre  Haute,  Ind.;  Re- 
publican nominee  for  the  circuitiudgeship  in  1884, 
but  was  defeated;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the 
Fifty-fourth,  Fifty-fifth,  and  Fifty -sixth  Con- 
gresses (March  4,  18S5-March  3,  1901);  resumed 
the  practice  of  law  in  Terre  Haute,  Ind. 


BIOGEAPHIES. 


637 


Farlee,  Isaac  Gray,  a  Representative  from 
New  Jersey;  born  in  White  House,  Hunterdon 
county,  N.  J.,  May  18,  1787;-  attended  the  public 
schools;  engaged  in  the  mercantile  business  in 
Flemington;  member  of  the  state  assembly  in  1819, 
1821,  1828,  1830;  clerk  of  Hunterdon  county  1830- 
1840;  brigadier-general  of  state  militia;  elected  to 
the  Twenty-eighth  Congress  (March  4, 1843-March 
3,  1845);  defeated  for  reelection;  member  of  the 
state  senate  1847-1849;  judge  of  the  court  of  com- 
mon pleas  1852-1855;  died  in  Flemington,  N.  J., 
January  12,  1855. 

Farley,  Ephraim  Wilder,  a  Representative 
from  Maine;  born  in  Newcastle,  Me.,  August  29, 
1817;  was  graduated. from  Bowdoin  college  in  1836; 
studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  began 
practice  in  Newcastle;  member  of  the  state  house 
of  representatives  1843  and  1851-1853;  elected  as 
a  Whig  to  the  Thirty- third  Congress  (March  4, 1855- 
March  3,  1857);  defeated  for  the  Thirty-fourth 
Congress;  member  of  the  state  senate  in  1856;  died 
in  Newcastle,  Me.,  April  3,  1880. 

Farley,  James  Thompson,  a  Senator  from  Cali- 
fornia; born  in  Albemarle  county,  Va.,  August  6, 
1829;  completed  preparatory  studies;  studied  law, 
and  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1854;  went  to  Cal- 
ifornia in  1850  and  practiced  law;  member  of  the 
state  assembly  1855-1856,  and  served  as  speaker  in 
1856;  served  in  the  state  senate  1869-1876  and  as 
president  pro  tempore  1871-1872;  elected  as  a  Dem- 
ocrat to  the  United  States  Senate  and  served  from 
March  4,  1879,  until  March  3,  1885;  resumed  the 
practice  of  law;  died  in  Jackson,  Cal.,  January  22, 
1886. 

Farlin,  Dudley,  a  Representative  from  New 
York;  born  in  Norwich,  Conn.,  September  2,  1777; 
engaged  in  the  lumber  and  grain  business;  super- 
visor of  the  town  of  Warrensburg  1818-1820, 1827- 
1828;  sheriff  of  Warren  county  1821-1822  and  1828; 
member  of  the  state  assembly  in  1824;  presidential 
elector  in  1832;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the 
Twenty-fourth  Congress  (March  4,  1835-March  3, 
1837);  died  in  Warrensburg,  N.  Y.,  September  26, 
1837. 

Farnsworth,  John  Franklin,  a  Representative 
from  Illinois;  born  in  Eaton,  Canada,  March  27, 
1820;  completed  preparatory  studies;  located  in 
Michigan;  studied  law  and  was  admitted  to  the 
bar ;  moved  to  Chicago,  111. ;  elected  as  a  Republican 
to  the  Thirty-fifth  and  Thirty-sixth  Congresses 
(March  4, 1857-March  3, 1861);  served  in  the  Union 
Army  as  a  colonel  of  cavalry  and  brigadier  general; 
elected  to  the  Thirty-eighth,  Thirty-ninth,  For- 
tieth, Forty-first,  and  Forty-second  Congresses 
(March  4,  1863-March  3,  1873);  died  in  Washing- 
ton, D.  C.,  July  14,  1897. 

Farquhar,  John  Hanson,  a  Representative 
from  Indiana;  born  in  Union  Bridge,  Carroll  county, 
Md . ,  December  20, 1 818 ;  moved  with  his  parents  to 
Indiana  in  1833;  attended  the  public  schools  and 
became  a  civil  engineer;  studied  law,  was  admit- 
ted to  the  bar,  and  began  practice  in  Brookville, 
Md.;  secretary  of  the  state  senate  in  1842-1843; 
chief  clerk  of  the  state  house  of  representatives  in 
1844;  presidential  elector  on  the  Lincoln  and  Ham- 
lin  ticket  in  1860;  served  as  captain  of  the  nine- 
teenth infantry  of  the  regular  army  in  the  civil 
war;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Thirty-ninth 
Congress  (March  4,  1865-March  3,  1867);  engaged 
in  the  banking  business  in  Indianapolis;  appointed 
secretary  of  state  by  Governor  Conrad  Baker;  died 
in  Indianapolis,  Ind.,  October  3,  1873. 


Farquhar,  John  McCreath,  a  Representative 
from  New  York;  born  near  Ayr,  Scotland,  April  17, 
1832;  attended  Ayr  academy;  for  thirty-three  years 
a  printer,  editor,  and  publisher;  enlisted  in  the 
Union  Army  as  a  private  in  the  eighty-ninth  Illi- 
nois infantry,  rose  to  the  rank  of  major,  and  served 
as  judge  advocate  and  as  inspector  on  the  staffs  of 
Generals  Willich,  Beatty,  and  Wood  in  the  fourth 
Army  corps;  was  awarded  a  medal  of  honor  for 
distinguished  bravery  and  skill  on  the  battlefield 
of  Stone  River,  Tenn.;  located  in  Buffalo,  N.  Y.; 
elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Forty-ninth,  Fif- 
tieth, and  Fifty-first  Congresses  (March  4,  1885- 
March  3,  1891);  member  of  the  industrial  commis- 
sion 1898-1902;  resides  in  Buffalo,  N.  Y. 

Fair,  Evarts  Worcester,  a  Representative 
from  New  Hampshire;  born  in  Littleton,  N.  H., 
October  10,  1840;  attended  Dartmouth  college;  en- 
tered the  Union  Army  as  a  private  and  attained 
the  rank  of  major;  mustered  out  of  service  June  4, 
1865;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1867;  member  of 
the  executive  council  of  New  Hampshire  in  1876; 
assistant  assessor  of  internal  revenue  1865-1869; 
assessor  1869-1873;  solicitor  for  Grafton  coimty 
1873-1879;  elected  as  a  member  to  the  Forty-sixth 
Congress  and  served  from  March  4,  1879,  until  his 
death  in  Littleton,  N.  H.,  November  30,  1880. 

Farrelly,  John  W.,  a  Representative  from 
Pennsylvania;  born  in  Meadville,  Pa.,  July  7, 1809; 
received  a  limited  schooling;  served  in  the  state 
senate  in  1828  and  1838-1841;  elected  as  a  Whig  to 
the  Thirtieth  Congress  (March  4,  1847-March  3, 
1849) ;  appointed  Sixth  Auditor  of  the  Treasury  by 
President  Taylor  and  served  from  November  5, 
1849,  until  his  death  in  Washington,  D.  C.,  April  7, 
1853. 

Farrelly,  Patrick,  a  Representative  from  Penn- 
sylvania; born  in  Ireland  in  1760;  emigrated  to  the 
United  States;  received  a  limited  schooling; 
studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar  and  began 
practice  in  Meadville;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the 
Seventeenth,  Eighteenth,  and  Nineteenth  Con- 
gresses (March  4,  1821-March  3,  1827);  died  in 
Meadville,  Pa.,  January  12,  1826. 

Farrington,  James,  a  Representative  from 
New 'Hampshire;  born  in  Conway,  N.  H.,  July  26, 
1789;  was  graduated  from  Fryeburg  academy, 
Maine;  studied  medicine,  and  began  practice  in 
Rochester,  N.  H.;  served  in  both  branches  of  the 
legislature;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Twenty- 
fifth  Congress  (March  4,  1837-March  3,  1839);  ap- 
pointed one  of  the  trustees  of  the  New  Hampshire 
insane  asylum  in  1845;  died  in  Rochester,  N.  H., 
October  29, 1859. 

Farrow,  Samuel,  a  Representative  from  South 
Carolina;  born  in  Virginia  in  1759;  moved  with  his 
father's  family  to  South  Carolina,  and  settled  in 
Spartanburg  district  in  1765;  served  in  the  Revo- 
lutionary War;  studied  law  and  was  admitted  to 
the  bar  in  1793;  began  practice  in  Spartanburg, 
S.  C.;  lieutenant  governor  of  South  Carolina  in 
1810-1812;  elected  as  a  War  Democrat  to  the  Thir- 
teenth Congress  (March  4,  1813-March  3,  1815);  re- 
elected  to  the  Fourteenth  Congress,  but  declined  to 
serve ;  member  of  the  state  house  of  representatives 
1816-1821;  died  in  Columbia,  S.  C.,  November  18, 
1824. 

Farwell,  Charles  Benjamin,  a  Representative 
and  a  Senator  from  Illinois;  born  in  Painted  Post, 
N.  Y.,  July  1,  1823;  attended  Elmira  academy; 
moved  to  Illinois  in  1838;  employed  in  government 


638 


CONGRESSIONAL   DIRECTORY. 


surveying  and  in  farming  until  1844,  when  he  en- 
gaged in  real  estate  business  and  banking  in  Chi- 
cago; elected  county  clerk  of  Cook  county  in  1853, 
and  reelected  in  1857;  subsequently  engaged  in 
mercantile  pursuits;  appointed  a  member  of  the 
state  board  of  equalization  in  1867;  chairman  of  the 
board  of  supervisors  of  Cook  county  in  1868;  ap- 
pointed national-bank  examiner  in  1869;  elected 
as  a  Republican  to  the  Forty-second  and  Forty- 
third  Congresses  (March  4,  1871-March  3,  1875); 
reelected  to  the  Forty-seventh  Congress  (March  4, 
1881-March  3, 1883);  elected  to  the  United  States 
Senate  January,  19,  1887,  to  fill  vacancy  caused 
by  the  death  of  John  A.  Logan,  and  served  from 
January  19, 1887,  until  March  3, 1891;  died  in  Lake 
Forest,  111.,  September  23,  1903. 

Farwell,  Nathan  Allen,  a  Delegate  and  a  Sen- 
ator from  Maine;  born  in  Unity,  Me.,  February  24, 
1812;  attended  the  public  schools;  studied  law,  was 
admitted  to  the  bar  and  began  practice  in  Rock- 
land,  Me.;  member  of  the  state  house  of  representa- 
tives 1860, 1863,  and  1864 ;  served  in  the  state  senate 
in  1853,  1854,  1861,  and  1862,  and  the  last  year  as 
presiding  officer;  delegate  to  the  Republican  na- 
tional convention  in  Baltimore  in  1864;  appointed 
to  the  United  States  Senate,  to  fill  vacancy  caused 
by  the  resignation  of  William  Pitt  Fessenden;  subse- 
quently elected  to  fill  the  vacancy  and  served 
from  October  27,  1864,  to  March  3,  1865;  delegate 
in  the  Philadelphia  Loyalist  convention  of  1866; 
died  in  Rockland,  Me.,  December  9,  1893. 

Farwell,  Sewell  Spaulding,  a  Representative 
from  Iowa;  born  near  Keene,  Coshocton  county, 
Ohio,  April  26,  1834;  pursued  an  academic  course; 
moved  to  Iowa  in  1852  and  engaged  in  farming; 
enlisted  in  the  Union  Army  in  1862  as  captain  of 
company  H,  thirty-first  Iowa  volunteer  infantry, 
and  served  until  the  close  of  the  war;  member  of 
the  state  senate  1865-1869;  assessor  of  internal  reve- 
nue 1869-1873;  collector  of  internal  revenue  1875- 
1881;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Forty-seventh 
Congress  (March  4,  1881-March  3,  1883);  after  leav- 
ing Congress  elected  president  of  the  Monticello 
state  bank;  died  in  Monticello,  Iowa,  September 
21,  1909. 

Fassett,  Jacob  Sloat,  a  Representative  from 
New  York;  born  in  Elmira,  N.  Y.,  November  13, 
1853 ;  was  graduated  from  the  University  of  Roches- 
ter in  June,  1875;  studied  law  and  was  admitted  to 
the  bar  in  1878;  district  attorney  Chemung  county 
1878-79;  became  a  student  in  Heidelberg  univer- 
sity, Germany;  re  turned  to  Elmira  in  1882;  member 
of  the  New  York  senate  1883-1891,  and  served  as 
president  pro  tempore  in  1889;  secretary  of  the  Re- 
publican national  committee  for  the  campaign  of 
1888 ;  defeated  for  governor  in  1891 ;  temporary  chair- 
man of  the  Republican  national  convention  in  Min- 
neapolis in  1892;  elected  to  the  Fifty-ninth,  Six- 
tieth, and  Sixty-first  Congresses  (March  4;  1905- 
March  3, 1911) ;  engaged  in  the  banking  business  in 
Elmira,  N.  Y. 

Faulkner,  Charles  James,  a  Representative 
from  Virginia  and  West  Virginia;  born  in  Martins- 
burg,  W.  Va.,  July  6,  1806;  was  graduated  from 
Georgetown  university,  D.  C.,  in  1822;  attended 
Chancellor  Tucker's  law  lectures  in  Winchester, 
Va. ;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1829  and  practiced ; 
member  of  the  Virginia  house  of  representatives 
1832-1833 ;  commissioner  of  Virginia  on  the  disputed 
boundaries  between  that  state  and  Maryland ;  mem- 
ber of  the  state  senate  1841-1844,  but  resigned; 
elected  a  member  of  the  revising  legislature  in  1848 ; 


member  of  the  state  constitutional  convention  in 
1850;  elected  from  Virginia  to  the  Thirty-second, 
Thirty-third,  Thirty-fourth,  and  Thirty-fifth  Con- 
gresses (March  4,  1851-March  3,  1859);  appointed 
United  States  minister  to  France  by  President 
Buchanan  in  1859;  returned  to  the  United  States 
in  August,  1861,  and  detained  as  a  prisoner  of  state, 
but  exchanged  in  December,  1861,  for  Alfred  Ely, 
member  of  the  United  States  House  of  Represen- 
tatives from  New  York;  entered  the  Confederate 
army  as  a  member  of  Stonewall  Jackson's  staff; 
engaged  in  railroad  enterprises;  member  of  the 
state  constititutional  convention  of  West  Virginia 
in  1872 ;  elected  as  a  Democrat  from  West  Virginia 
to  the  Forty-fourth  Congress  (March  4, 1875-March 
3,  1877);  died  in  Boydville,  W.  Va.,  November  1, 
1884. 

Faulkner,  Charles  James,  a  Senator  from 
West  Virginia;  born  in  Boydville,  Berkeley  county, 
W.  Va.,  September  21,  1847;  accompanied  his 
father;  who  was  minister  to  France  in  1859 ;  attended 
school  in  Paris  and  Switzerland;  returned  to  the 
United  States  in  August,  1861,  and  after  the  arrest 
of  his  father  immediately  went  South;  in  1862,  at 
the  age  of  fifteen  entered  the  Virginia  military  in- 
stitute at  Lexington;  served  with  the  cadets  in  the 
battle  of  New  Market;  served  as  aid  to  Gen.  J.  C. 
Breckinridge,  and  afterwards  to  Gen.  Henry  A. 
Wise,  and  surrendered  with  him  at  Appomattox; 
on  his  return  to  Boydville  studied  law;  was  grad- 
uated from  the  University  of  Virginia  in  June,  1868; 
was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  September,  1868 ;  in  Octo- 
ber, 1880,  elected  judge  of  the  thirteenth  judicial 
circuit;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  United  States 
Senate;  reelected  in  1893  and  served  from  March  4, 

1887,  to  March  3,  1899;  permanent  chairman  of  the 
Democratic  state  convention  of  West  Virginia  in 

1888,  and  both  temporary  and  permanent  chairman 
of  the  Democratic  state  convention  of  1892 ;  resumed 
the  practice  of  law  in  Martinsburg,  W.  Va.,  and  in 
Washington,  D.  C.;  member  of  the  international 
joint  high  commission. 

Favrot,  George  Kent,  a  Representative  from 
Louisiana;  born  in  Baton  Rouge,  La.,  November 
26,  1868;  was  graduated  from  the  Louisiana  state 
university  in  1888  and  from  the  law  department  of 
Tulane  university,  New  Orleans,  La.,  in  1890; 
elected  district  attorney  of  the  twenty-second  ju- 
dicial district  of  Louisiana  in  1892;  defeated  for 
reelection  in  1896;  elected  a  delegate  from  the  state 
at  large  to  the  constitutional  convention  of  1898; 
reelected  district  attorney  in  1900,  and  district 
judge  in  1904;  elected  to  the  Sixtieth  Congress 
(March  4,  1907-March  3,  1909);  member  of  the 
state  legislature  in  1912;  resumed  the  practice  of 
law  in  Baton  Rouge,  La. 

Fay,  Francis  Ball,  a  Representative  from 
Massachusetts;  born  in  Southboro,  Mass.,  June  12, 
1793;  received  a  limited  education;  engaged  in 
mercantile  pursuits;  postmaster  of  Southboro; 
deputy  sheriff  of  Worcester  county  1824-1830; 
member  of  the  Massachusetts  general  court  1830- 
1831;  moved  to  Chelsea,  which  he  represented  in 
the  Massachusetts  general  court  in  1834-1836  and 
1840;  state  senator  in  1843-1845,  and  1848;  elected 
as  a  Whig  to  the  Thirty-second  Congress,  to  fill 
the  vacancy  caused  by  the  death  of  Robert  Ran- 
toul,  and  served  from  December  29, 1852,  to  March 
3,  1853;  mayor  of  Chelsea  in  1857;  founder  of  the 
state  reform  school  in  Lancaster,  where  he  located 
in  1858;  member  of  the  state  senate  in  1868;  died 
in  South  Lancaster,  Mass.,  October  6,  1876. 


BIOGRAPHIES. 


639 


Fay,  John,  a  Representative  from  New  York; 
born  in  Hard  wick,  Worcester  county,  Mass.,  in 
1772;  attended  the  public  schools;  moved  with 
parents  to  New  York  and  located  in  Montgomery 
county,  and  later  in  Galway,  Saratoga  county; 
moved  to  Northampton,  Fulton  county,  in  1804; 
engaged  in  farming,  milling,  and  manufacturing; 
held  various  local  offices,  and  was  postmaster  of 
Northampton  several  years;  member  of  the  state 
house  of  representatives  in  1812;  elected  to  the 
Sixteenth  Congress  (March  4,  1819-March  3,  1821); 
a  presidential  elector  in  1840;  died  in  Northamp- 
ton, N.  Y.,  June  21,  1855. 

Fearing,  Paul,  a  Delegate  from  the  Northwest 
Territory;  born  in  Wareham,  Mass.,  February  28, 
1762;  was  graduated  from  Harvard  college  in  1785; 
studied  law  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar;  elected 
a  Delegate  to  the  Seventh  Congress  (March  4, 1801- 
March  3,  1803);  associate  judge  of  the  court  of 
common  pleas  in  1810;  died  in  his  home,  just 
below  the  mouth  of  the  Muskingum  river,  August 
21, 1822. 

Featherston,  Lewis  Porter,  a  Representative 
from  Arkansas;  born  in  Oxford,  Miss.,  July  28, 1851; 
attended  common  schools  and  the  law  department 
of  Cumberland  university,  Tenn. ;  engaged  in  plant- 
ing in  Shelby  county,  Tenn.,  1872-1881;  moved  to 
St.  Francis  county,  Ark.,  and  engaged  in  planting; 
member  of  the  state  house  of  representatives  1887- 
1888;  elected  president  of  the  State  Wheel  (a  farm- 
ers' organization)  in  1887  and  reelected  in  1888; 
successfully  contested  the  election  of  William  H. 
Gate  to  the  Fifty-first  Congress,  and  served  from 
March  5,  1890,  until  March  3,  1891;  candidate  on 
the  Union- Labor  ticket  for  reelection,  but  was  de- 
feated; engaged  in  real  estate  business  in  Galves- 
ton,  Tex. 

Featherston,  Winfield  Scot$,  a  Representa- 
tive from  Mississippi;  born  in  Rutherford  county, 
Tenn.,  August  8,  1820;  completed  preparatory 
studies;  moved  to  Mississippi  and  located  in  Hous- 
ton; was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1840;  elected  as  a 
Democrat  to  the  Thirtieth  and  Thirty-first  Con- 
gresses (March  4,  1847-March  3,  1851);  defeated 
for  reelection;  served  in  the  Confederate  army; 
moved  to  Holly  Springs  in  1856;  commissioned 
brigadier  general  March  4, 1862;  paroled  in  Greens- 
borough,  N.  C.,  May  1,  1865;  member  of  the  state 
legislature  in  1876  and  1880;  member  of  the  state 
constitutional  convention  in  1890;  died  in  Holly 
Springs,  Miss.,  May  28,  1891. 

Feely,  John  Joseph,  a  Representative  from 
Illinois;  born  near  Wilmington,  Will  county,  111., 
August  1,  1875;  attended  the  public  schools  and 
Niagara  university,  Niagara,  N.  Y.,  and  was  gradu- 
ated from  the  Yale  law  school  in  1897;  admitted  to 
the  bar  in  Connecticut  in  1897  and  in  Illinois  in 
1898;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Fifty-seventh 
Congress  (March  4,  1901-March  3,  1903);  died  in 
Chicago,  111.,  February  15,  1905. 

Felch,  Alpheus,  a  Senator  from  Michigan; 
born  in  Limerick,  Me.,  September  28,  1806;  pre- 
pared for  college  in  Phillips  Exeter  academy,  and 
was  graduated  from  Bowdoin  in  1827;  studied  law, 
was  admitted  to  the  bar  and  practiced  in  Houlton, 
Me.,  1830-1833;  moved  to  Monroe,  Mich.,  in  1833, 
and  continued  practice ;  represented  Monroe  county 
in  the  state  legislature  1835,  1836,  and  1837;  state 
bank  commissioner  1838-1839,  and  rendered  great 
service  in  stamping  out  the  so-called  "wild-cat" 
hanks;  auditor  general  of  the  state  in  1842;  ap- 


pointed associate  justice  of  the  Michigan  supreme 
court  in  1842;  removed  to  Ann  Arbor,  Mich.,  in 
1843;  elected  governor  as  a  Democrat  in  1845,  and 
resigned  from  the  bench;  served  as  governor  from 
January  5,  1846,  to  March  3,  1847,  when  he  re- 
signed to  take  a  seat  in  the  United  States  Senate, 
to  which  he  had  been  elected  in  February  pre- 
ceding; served  as  United  States  Senator  from  March 
4,  1847,  to  March  3,  1853;  president  of  the  commis- 
sion to  settle  Spanish  and  Mexican  war  claims  1853- 
1856;  died  in  Ann  Arbor,  Mich.,  June  13,  1896. 

F elder,  John  Myers,  a  Representative  from 
South  Carolina;  born  in  Orangeburg  District,  S.  C., 
July  7,  1782;  was  graduated  from  Yale  college  in 
1804;  studied  law  in  Litchfield,  Conn.;  was  ad- 
mitted to  the  bar  in  1808  and  began  practice  in 
Orangeburg,  S.  C. ;  served  several  years  in  the  state 
legislature;  major  of  volunteers  in  the  War  of  1812; 
elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Twenty-second  and 
Twenty- third  Congresses  (March  4,  1831-March  3, 
1835) ;  declined  a  reelection,  but  did  not  resume 
practice;  elected  a  state  senator  in  1840,  and  suc- 
cessively reelected  until  he  died  near  Union  Point, 
Ga.,  September  1,  1851. 

Fell,  John,  a  Delegate  from  New  Jersey;  native 
of  that  state;  attended  the  public  schools;  Dele- 
gate in  the  Continental  Congress  1778-1780. 

Fellows,  John  B.,  a  Representative  from  New 
York;  born  in  Troy,  N.  Y.,  July  29,  1832;  moved  to 
Camden,  Ark.,  1850;  read  law  there,  and  was  ad- 
mitted to  the  bar  in  1855,  and  practiced  in  Cam- 
den;  entered  the  Confederate  army  in  the  first  Ar-  % 
kansas  regiment;  after  the  battle  of  Shiloh  assigned 
to  staff  duties  as  assistant  adjutant  and  inspector 
general,  and  ordered  to  report  to  General  Van  Dorn 
at  Vicksburg;  assigned  to  the  staff  of  Brig.  Gen. 
W.  N.  R.  Bell,  commanding  a  district  in  General 
Van  Dorn's  department;  captured  at  the  surren- 
der of  Port  Hudson,  La.,  July  9,  1863,  and  released 
June  10,  1865;  returned  to  Camden,  Ark.,  and  re- 
sumed the  practice  of  law;  elected  to  the  state  sen- 
ate; moved  to  New  York  City  in  1868;  appointed 
assistant  district  attorney  in  1869;  elected  district 
attorney  in  1887;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the 
Fifty-second  and  Fifty-third  Congresses,  and 
served  from  March  4,  1891,  to  December  22,  1893, 
When  he  resigned ;  again  district  attorney  of  New 
York  City  from  January  1,  1894,  until  his  death; 
died  in  New  York  City,  December  7,  1896. 

Felton,  Charles  Norton,  a  Representative  and 
a  Senator  from  California;  born  in  Clarence,  Erie 
county,  N.  Y.,  in  1830;  pursued  an  academic 
course  in  Syracuse,  N.  Y. ;  went  to  California  in 
1849;  engaged  in  mercantile  business  and  after- 
wards banking;  was  assistant  treasurer  and  treas- 
urer of  the  mint  in  San  Francisco  for  six  years; 
elected  to  the  legislature  of  California  in  1880  and 
served  two  terms;  elected  as  a  Republican  to 
the  Forty-ninth  and  Fiftieth  Congresses  (March  4, 
1885-March  3,  1889);  elected  as  a  Republican  to 
the  United  States  Senate,  to  fill  vacancy  caused 
by  the  death  of  George  Hearst,  and  served  from 
March  19,  1891,  to  March  3,  1893;  retired  and  re- 
sides in  San  Francisco,  Cal. 

Felton,  William.  Harrell,  a  Representative 
from  Georgia;  born  in  Oglethorpe  county,  Ga., 
June  19,  1823;  was  graduated  from  the  University 
of  Georgia,  in  Athens,  in  August,  1843,  and  from 
the  Medical  College  of  Georgia,  in  Augusta,  in 
March,  1844;  Methodist  minister;  member  of  the 


640 


CONGKESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 


state  house  of  representatives  in  1851 ;  elected  as 
a  Democrat  to  the  Forty-fourth,  Forty-fifth,  and 
Forty-sixth  Congresses  (March  4,  1875-March  3, 
1881);  served  in  the  state  legislature  1884-1890; 
trustee  from  state  at  large  for  University  of  Georgia 
for  ten  years;  died  in  Cartersville,  Ga.,  September 
24,  1909. 

Fenn,  Stephen  Southmyd,  a  Delegate  from 
Idaho  Territory;  born  in  Watertown,  Conn.,  March 
28,  1820;  moved  in  1824  with  his  parents  to  Niagara 
county,  N.  Y.;  attended  the  public  schools;  moved 
in  1841  to  Jackson  county,  Iowa,  where  he  held 
several  local  offices;  moved  to  California  in  1850 
and  engaged  in  mining  and  ranching;  again  moved 
in  1862  to  that  part  of  Washington  Territory  which 
became  a  part  of  Idaho  upon  its  organization  in 
1863;  there  mined  and  practiced  law;  elected  a 
member  of  the  legislative  council  1864-1865;  dis- 
trict attorney  for  the  first  judicial  district  in  1869; 
again  a  member  of  the  legislative  assembly  in  1872, 
and  served  one  year  as  speaker  of  the  house;  en- 
gaged in  agricultural  pursuits;  elected  as  a  Demo- 
crat to  the  Forty-fourth  and  Forty-fifth  Congresses 
(March  4,  1875-March  3,  1879);  died  in  Blackfoot, 
Idaho,  in  April,  1892. 

Fenner,  James,  a  Senator  from  Rhode  Island; 
born  in  Providence,  R.  I.,  January  22,  1771;  was 
graduated  from  Brown  university  in  1789;  served 
several  years  in  the  state  house  of  representatives; 
elected  to  the  United  States  Senate  and  served 
from  March  4,  1805,  to  September,  1807,  when  he 
resigned,  having  been  elected  governor  of  Rhode 
Island,  which  office  he  filled  1807-1811,  1824-183] , 
and  1843-1845;  presidential  elector  in  1817,  1821, 
and  1837;  delegate  to  the  state  constitiitional 
convention  in  1842  and  its  president;  died  in 
Providence,  R.  I.,  April  17,  1846. 

Fenton,  loicien  Jerome,  a  Representative 
from  Ohio;  born  in  Winchester,  Ohio,  May  7,  1844; 
attended  the  public  schools,  Lebanon  normal 
school,  and  Ohio  university,  Athens;  enlisted  as  a 
private  in  the  ninety-first  Ohio  regiment  August 
11,  1862,  and  served  until  dangerously  wounded  at 
the  battle  of  Winchester,  Va.,  September  19, 1864; 
teacher  and  superintendent  of  public  schools  in 
Ohio  for  a  number  of  years;  organized  the  Win- 
chester bank,  becoming  its  cashier  and  manager  in 
1884 ;  appointed  a  trustee  of  the  Ohio  university,  at 
Athens,  by  Governor  McKinley  in  1892;  delegate 
to  the  national  Republican  convention  at  Minne- 
apolis in  1892;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Fifty- 
fourth  and  Fifty-fifth  Congresses  (March  4,  1875- 
March  3, 1879) ;  after  leaving  Congress  became  cash- 
ier of  a  bank  in  Winchester,  Ohio. 

Fenton,  Reuben  Eaton,  a  Representative  and 
a  Senator  from  New  York;  born  in  Carroll,  Chau- 
tauqua  county,  N.  Y.,  July  4, 1819;  completed  pre- 
paratory studies;  studied  law;  engaged  in  mercan- 
tile pursuits;  elected  supervisor  of  Carroll  in  1843; 
governor  of  New  York  1865-1866  and  1867-1868; 
elected  to  the  Thirty-third  Congress  (March  4, 
1853-March  3,  1855);  reelected  to  the  Thirty-fifth, 
Thirty-sixth,  Thirty-seventh,  and  Thirty-eighth 
Congresses,  and  served  from  March  4,  1857,  to 
December  10,  1864,  when  he  resigned,  having 
been  elected  governor;  elected  to  the  United 
States  Senate  and  served  from  March  4,  1869, 
to  March  3,  1875;  appointed  chairman  of  the 
United  States  commission  to  the  International 
monetary  conference  in  1878;  died  in  Jamestown, 
N.  Y.,  August  25,  1885. 


Ferdon,  John  William,  a  Representative  from 
New  York;  born  in  Piermont,  Rockland  county, 
N.  Y.,  in  1828;  was  graduated  from  Rutgers  college, 
New  Brunswick,  N.  J.,  in  1847;  studied  lawand  was 
graduated  in  1851;  member  of  the  state  assembly 
in  1855;  of  the  senate  in  1856-1857;  delegate  to  the 
Republican  national  convention  in  Baltimore  in 
1864,  which  nominated  Mr.  Lincoln  a  second  time; 
delegate  to  the  Cincinnati  national  convention 
which  nominated  Hayes  and  Wheeler  in  1876; 
elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Forty-sixth  Con- 
gress (March  4,  1879-March  3,  1881):  died  in  Pier- 
mont, N.  Y.,  August  5,  1884. 

Ferguson,  Fenner,  a  Delegate  from  Nebraska 
Territory;  born  in  Rensselaer  county,  N.  Y., 
April  25,  1814;  completed  preparatory  studies; 
studied  law  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar;  began 
practice  in  Albany,  N.  Y.;  moved  to  Michigan; 
member  of  the  state  legislature;  appointed  chief 
justice  of  Nebraska  in  1854;  elected  as  a  Democrat 
to  the  Thirty-fifth  Congress  (March  4,  1857-March  3, 
1859);  died  in  Bellevue,  Nebr.,  October  11,  1859. 

Fergusson,  Harvey  Butler,  a  Delegate  and  a 
Representative  from  New  Mexico  Territory;  born 
in  Pic-kens  county,  Ala.,  September  9,1848;  was 
graduated  from  the  Washington  and  Lee  university, 
Lexington,  Va.,  in  1873,  and  from  the  law  depart- 
ment of  that  university  in  1874;  taught  in  the 
Shenandpah  Valley  academy  in  Winchester,  Va. ; 
was  admitted  to  the  bar,  commenced  the  practice 
of  law  in  Wheeling,  W.  Va.,  moved  to  Albuquerque, 
N.  Mex.,  in  1882  and  engaged  in  the  practice  of 
law;  special  United  States  attorney  1893-1894; 
elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Fifty-fifth  Congress 
(March  4, 1897-March  3,  1899);  defeated  for  reelec- 
tion in  1898  and  1902.  Reelected  as  a  Representative 
to  the  Sixty-second  Congress. 

Ferrell,  Thomas  M.,  a  Representative  from 
Jersey;  born  in  Glassboro,  N.  J.,  June  20,  1844;  at- 
tended the  common  schools  and  completed  an 
academic  course;  elected  a  member  of  the  township 
committee  1872-1873;  member  of  the  school  board 
three  terms  of  three  years  each;  member  of  the 
general  assembly  1879-1880;  state  senator  for  the 
county  of  Gloucester;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the 
forty-eighth  Congress  (March  4,  1883-March  3, 
1885). 

Ferris,  Charles  G.,  a  Representative  from  New 
York;  born  in  New  York  City;  received  a  limited 
education;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar, 
and  practiced  in  New  York  City;  member  of  the 
board  of  aldermen  1832-1833;  elected  as  a  Jackson 
Democrat  to  the  Twenty-third  Congress  to  fill 
vacancy  caused  by  the  resignation  of  Dudley  Sel- 
den,  and  served  from  December  1, 1834,  to  March  3, 
1835;  reelected  to  the  Twenty-seventh  Congress 
(March  4,  1841-March  3,  1843). 

Ferris,  Scott,  a  Representative  from  Okla- 
homa; born  in  Neosho,  Newton  county,  Mo.,  No- 
vember 3,  1877;  was  graduated  from  the  Newton 
county  high  school  in  1897,  and  from  the  Kansas 
City  school  of  law  in  1901 ;  was  admitted  to  the  bar, 

Eracticed  law  in  Lawton,  Okla.;  elected  to   the 
;gislature  of  Oklahoma  in  1904;  elected  as  a  Demo- 
crat to   the  Sixtieth    and   Sixty-first  Congresses 
(March  4,  1907-March  3,  1911).     Reelected  to    the 
Sixty-second  Congress. 

Ferriss,  Orange,  a  Representative  from  New 
York;  born  in  Glens  Falls,  N.  Y.,  November  26, 
1814;  completed  preparatory  studies;  studied  law, 


BIOGRAPHIES. 


641 


was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1840,  and  practiced; 
surrogate  from  February,  1840  to  March  1845; 
judge  of  Warren  county  1851-1863;  elected  as  a 
Republican  to  the  Fortieth  and  Forty-first  Con- 
gresses (March  4,  1869-March  3,  1873);  died  in 
Glens  Falls,  N.  Y.,  April  11,  1894. 

Ferry,  Orris  Sanfprd,  a  Representative  and  a 
Senator  from  Connecticut;  born  in  Bethel,  Conn., 
August  15, 1823 ;  was  graduated  from  Yale  college  in 
1844;  studied  law,  and  in  1846  was  admitted  to  the 
bar;  appointed  judge  of  probate  in  1849;  member 
of  the  state  senate  1855-1856;  state  attorney  for 
Fairfield  county  1856-1859;  defeated  for  the  Thirty- 
fifth  Congress;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the 
Thirty-sixth  Congress  (March  4,  1859-March  3, 
1861);  defeated  for  the  Thirty-seventh  Congress; 
entered  the  Union  Army  in  1861  as  colonel  of  the 
fifth  Connecticut  volunteers;  promoted  brigadier 
general  in  1862,  and  served  until  the  close  of  the  war; 
elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  United  States  Senate ; 
reelected  in  1873  by  a  combination  of  Independent 
Republicans  and  Democrats,  and  served  from  March 
4,  1867,  until  his  death  in  Norwalk,  Conn.,  Novem- 
ber 21,  1875. 

Ferry,  Thomas  White,  a  Representative  and 
a  Senator  from  Michigan;  born  in  the  old  mission 
house  of  the  Astor  fur  company  on  Mackinac  Island, 
Mich.,  June  10,  1827;  moved  with  his  father's 
family  to  Grand  Haven,  Mich. ;  attended  the  public 
schools;  engaged  in  business  pursuits  in  Grand 
Haven ;  member  of  the  house  of  representatives  of 
Michigan  1850-1852;  member  of  the  state  senate 
1856;  delegate  in  the  Chicago  Republican  con- 
vention of  1860;  appointed  in  1864  to  represent 
Michigan  on  the  board  of  managers  of  the  Gettys- 
burg national  cemetery,  and  reappointed  in  1867; 
delegate  in  the  Loyalist  convention  in  Philadel- 
phia in  1866;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the 
Thirty -ninth,  Fortieth,  and  Forty-first  Congresses 
(March  4,  1865-March  3,  1871);  reelected  to  the 
Forty-second  Congress,  but  did  not  take  his  seat, 
having  been  elected  to  the  United  States  Senate; 
took  his  seat  in  the  Senate  March  4,  1871;  was  re- 
elected,  and  served  until  March  3,  1883;  President 
of  the  Senate  pro  tempore  March  9,  March  19,  and 
December  20, 1875;  by  the  death  of  Vice  President 
Wilson  became  acting  Vice  President,  and  served 
until  March  4, 1877;  presided  over  the  high  court 
of  impeachment  of  Secretary  of  War  Belknap,  and 
over  the  sixteen  joint  meetings  of  the  two  houses 
during  the  Hayes-Tilden  contest;  designated  by 
the  President  to  represent  him  at  the  Centennial 
celebration  in  Philadelphia,  July  4, 1876;  reelected 
President  of  the  Senate  pro  tempore  March  5, 1877, 
February  26,  1878,  April  17,  1878,  and  March  3, 
1879;  died  in  Grand  Haven,  Mich.,  October  13, 
1896. 

Fessenden,  Samuel  Clement,  a  Representa- 
tive from  Maine;  born  in  New  Gloucester,  Me., 
March  7,  1815;  pursued  classical  studies;  was  grad- 
uated from  Bowdoin  college  in  1834,  and  from 
the  Bangor,  Me.,  theological  seminary  in  1837; 
was  ordained  and  installed  as  pastor  of  the  Second 
Congregational  church,  Rockland,  Me.,  1837-1856; 
studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar  and  com- 
menced practice  in  1858;  elected  judge  of  the 
Rockland  municipal  court;  elected  as  a  Repub- 
lican to  the  Thirty-seventh  Congress  (March  4, 
1861-March  3,  1863),  examiner  in  the  United 
States  patent  office  1865-1879;  United  States  con- 
sul at  St.  John,  New  Brunswick,  1879-1881;  died 
in  Stamford,  Conn.,  April  18,  1882. 

50346°— S.  Doc. '654,  61-2 41 


Fessenden,  Thomas  Amory  Deblois,  a  Rep- 
resentative from  Maine;  born  in  Portland,  Me., 
January  23,  1826;  pursued  classical  studies  arid 
was  graduated  from  Bowdoin  college  in  1845; 
studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  com- 
menced practice  in  Auburn,  Me.,  in  1848;  delegate 
to  the  Republican  national  convention  in  1856; 
member  of  the  state  house  of  representatives  in  1860 
and  1868;  prosecuting  attorney  for  Androscoggin 
county  1861-1862;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the 
Thirty-seventh  Congress,  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by 
the  resignation  of  Charles  W.  Walton,  and  served 
from  December  1,  1862,  to  March  3,  1863;  died  in 
Auburn,  Me.,  September  28,  1868. 

Fessenden,  William  Pitt,  a  Representative  and 
a  Senator  from  Maine;  born  in  Boscawen,  N.  H., 
October  16,  1806;  was  graduated  from  Bowdoin 
college  in  1823 ;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the 
bar  in  1827,  and  practiced  in  Bridgeton,  Bangor, 
and  Portland,  Me.;  member  of  the  state  house  of 
representatives  in  1832  and  1840;  elected  as  a  Whig 
to  the  Twenty-seventh  Congress  (March  4,  1841- 
March  3,  1843);  declined  to  be  a  candidate  for 
reelection ;  again  a  member  of  the  state  legislature 
1845-1846;  defeated  as  a  Whig  candidate  for  the 
Thirty-second  Congress;  again  a  member  of  the 
state  legislature  1853-1854;  elected  as  a  Whig  to 
the  United  States  Senate;  reelected  as  a  Repub- 
lican in  1854  and  served  from  March  4,  1853,  until 
July  1,  1864,  when  he  resigned;  appointed  by 
President  Lincoln  Secretary  of  the  Treasury,  and 
served  from  July  1,  1864,  to  March  3,  1865;  again 
elected  to  the  United  States  Senate,  and  served 
from  March  4,  1865,  until  his  death,  in  Portland, 
Me.,  September  8,  1869. 

Few,  William,  a  Delegate  and  a  Senator  from 
Georgia;  born  near  Baltimore,  Md.,  June  8,  1748; 
moved  to  North  Carolina  with  his  family  in  1758; 
completed  elementary  studies;  studied  law,  was 
admitted  to  the  bar  and  began  practice  in  Augusta, 
Ga.;  member  of  the  state  legislature  1777,  1779, 
1783,  and  1793;  member  executive  council  1777- 
1778;  engaged  in  the  expedition  for  the  subjugation 
of  East  Florida;  presiding  judge  of  Richmond 
county  court,  and  surveyor  general  in  1778;  Dele- 
gate in  the  Continental  Congress  1780-1782  and 
1785-1788;  delegate  to  the  convention  which  re- 
vised the  Federal  Constitution  in  1787;  delegate  in 
the  Georgia  convention  that  ratified  the  Federal 
Constitution  in  1788;  elected  to  the  United  States 
Senate,  and  served  from  March  4,  1789,  to  March  3, 
1793;  judge  of  the  circuit  court  of  Georgia  1794— 
1797;  moved  to  New  York  City  in  1799;  member  of 
the  state  house  of  representatives  1802-1805; 
United  States  commissioner  of  loans  in  1804;  state 
prison  inspector  1802-1810;  died  in  Fishkill,  N.  Y., 
July  16,  1828. 

Ficklin,  Orlando  Bell,  a  Representative  from 
Illinois;  born  in  Scott  county,  Ky.,  December  16, 
1808;  was  graduated  at  Transylvania  law  school  in 
1830;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1830  and  com- 
menced practice  in  Mount  Carmel,  111.;  moved  to 
Charleston,  111.,  in  1837;  member  of  the  state  house 
of  representatives  in  1835, 1838,  and  1842;  attorney 
for  the  Wabash  circuit  in  1835;  elected  as  a  Demo- 
crat to  the  Twenty-eighth,  Twenty-ninth,  and 
Thirtieth  Congresses  (March  4, 1843-March  3, 1849); 
reelected  to  the  Thirty-second  Congress  (March  4, 
1851-March  3,  1853);  presidential  elector  on  the 
Buchanan  and  Breckinridge  ticket  in  1856;  died 
in  Charleston,  111.,  May  5,  1886. 


642 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 


Fiedler,  William  Henry  Frederick,  a  Repre- 
sentative from  New  Jersey;  born  in  New  York  City 
August  25,  1847;  attended  public  and  high  schools; 
elected  an  alderman  of  Newark  in  1876;  member  of 
the  state  legislature  in  1877;  reelected  alderman  in 
1878;  reelected  a  member  of  the  legislature  in  1878; 
mayor  of  Newark  in  1879;  reelected  to  the  legisla- 
ture in  1882;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Forty- 
eighth  Congress  (March  4,  1883-March  3,  1885); 
postmaster  of  Newark,  N.  J.,  1885-1889;  engaged 
in  the  real  estate  business  in  Newark,  N.  J. 

Field,  David  Dudley,  a  Representative  from 
New  York;  born  in  Haddam,  Conn.,  February  13, 
1805;  was  graduated  from  Williams  college  in  1825; 
studied  law  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  New 
York  City  in  1828;  member  of  the  commission  on 
legal  practice  and  procedure  in  1847-1850;  mem- 
ber of  a  state  commission  to  prepare  a  political, 
penal,  and  civil  code  1857-1865;  was  elected  to  the 
Forty-fourth  Congress  as  a  Democrat  to  fill  the 
vacancy  caused  by  the  resignation  of  Smith  Ely, 
jr.,  and  served  from  January  11,  1877,  to  March  3, 
1877;  died  in  New  York,  April  18,  1894. 

Field,  Moses  Whelock,  a  Representative  from 
Michigan;  born  in  Watertown,  Jefferson  county, 
N.  Y.,  February  10,  1828;  attended  the  public 
schools  and  the  academy  in  Victor,  N.  Y.;  moved 
to  Michigan  in  1844  and  engaged  in  mercantile 
and  agricultural  pursuits;  elected  alderman  of  De- 
troit in  1866;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Forty- 
third  Congress  (March  4,  1873-March  3,  1875);  de- 
feated for  reelection;  regent  of  the  University  of 
Michigan  in  1888;  died  in  Detroit,  Mich.,  March 
14,  1899. 

Field,  Richard  Stockton,  a  Senator  from  New 
Jersey;  born  in  Princeton,  N.  J.,  December  31, 
1803;  pursued  an  academic  course  and  was  gradu- 
ated from  Princeton  in  1821;  studied  law,  admitted 
to  the  bar  in  1825,  and  commenced  practice  in 
Salem,  N.  J.;  moved  to  Princeton,  N.  J.,  in  1833; 
member  of  the  state  assembly  in  1837;  attorney- 
general  of  the  state  1838-1841 ;  member  of  the  state 
constitutional  convention  of  1844;  elected  professor 
in  the  Princeton  Law  -college  in  1847;  appointed 
United  States  Senator,  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by 
the  death  of  John  R.  Thomson,  and  served  from 
November  21, 1862,  to  January  14, 1863;  appointed 
by  President  Lincoln  judge  of  the  United  States 
district  court  for  the  district  of  New  Jersey,  and 
served  from  January  21,  1863,  until  his  death  in 
Princeton,  N.  J.,  May  25,  1870. 

Field,  Scott,  a  Representative  from  Texas; 
native  of  Mississippi;  completed  preparatory  stud- 
ies; served  in  the  Confederate  army  as  a  private; 
after  the  war  he  resumed  his  studies  and  finished 
the  literary  course  in  the  University  of  Virginia  in 
1868;  taught  school,  read  law,  and  was  admitted 
to  the  bar  in  1872;  moved  to  Calvert,  Tex.,  and 
practiced  his  profession;  elected  county  attorney 
in  1875;  member  of  the  state  senate  in  1888;  dele- 
gate in  the  Democratic  national  convention  of 
1892;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Fifty-eighth 
and  Fifty-ninth  Congresses  (March  4,  1903-March 
3,  1907). 

Field,  Walbridge  Abner,  a  Representative 
from  Massachusetts;  born  in  Springfield,  Vt.,  April 
26, 1833;  was  graduated  from  Dartmouth  college  in 
1855;  studied  law  in  Boston  and  in  the  Harvard  law 
school;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  Boston  in  1860; 
appointed  assistant  attorney  of  the  United  States 
in  1865,  and  held  the  office  until  April,  1869,  when 


appointed  Assistant  Attorney  General  of  the  United 
States,  and  held  this  office  until  August,  1870,  when 
he  resigned;  resumed  the  practice  of  law  in  Boston; 
presented  credentials  as  a  Member-elect  to  the 
Forty-fifth  Congress,  and  served  from  March  4. 
1877,  until  March  28,  1878,  when  he  was  succeeded 
by  Benjamin  Dean,  who  contested  his  election; 
elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Forty-sixth  Con- 
gress (March  4,  1879-March  3,  1881);  appointed  by 
Governor  Long  to  the  bench  of  the  supreme  judicial 
court  in  February,  1881;  promoted  to  the  position 
of  chief  justice  in  1890,  and  served  until  his  death 
in  Boston,  Mass.,  July  15,  1899. 

Fielder,  George  Bragg,  a  Representative  from 
New  Jersey;  born  in  Jersey  City,  N.  J.,  July  24, 
1842;  attended  the  public  schools  and  Selleck's 
academy,  Norwalk,  Conn.;  enlisted  in  1862  in  the 
Union  army  during  the  civil  war  as  a  private 
in  the  twenty-first  New  Jersey  volunteers  and 
was  promoted  to  sergeant-major  and  lieutenant; 
wounded  and  taken  prisoner  in  May,  1863,  at  the 
battle  of  Maryes  Heights,  Va.;  elected  register  of 
the  county  of  Hudson  in  1884,  and  reelected  in 
1889;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Fifty-third 
Congress  (March  4,  1893-March  3,  1895);  elected 
register  for  a  third  time  in  1895. 

Fields,  William  Craig,  a  Representative  from 
New  York;  born  in  New  York  City  February  13, 
1804;  attended  the  public  schools;  went  to  Laurens, 
where  he  was  justice  of  the  peace  for  sixteen  years, 
and  subsequently  supervisor;  county  clerk  of 
Otsego  1853-1856;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the 
Fortieth  Congress  (March  4,  1867-March  3,  18691; 
died  in  Laurens,  N.  Y.,  October  27,  1882. 

Fillmore,  Millard,  a  Representative  from  New 
York;  born  in  Locke  township,  Cayuga  county, 
N.  Y.,  January  7,  1800;  was  self-instructed  under 
the  most  adverse  conditions;  studied  law  in  Mont- 
ville,  N.  Y.,  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1823, 
and  commenced  practice  in  East  Aurora,  N.  Y.; 
moved  to  Buffalo,  N.  Y.,  in  1830;  member  of  the 
state  house  of  representatives  1829-1831;  elected 
as  a  Whig  to  the  Twenty-third  Congress  (March  4, 
1833-March  3, 1835);  reelected  to  the  Twenty-fifth, 
Twenty-sixth,  and  Twenty-seventh  Congresses 
(March  4, 1837-March  3, 1843) ;  declined  a  renomina- 
tion;  defeated  as  the  Whig  candidate  for  governor 
in  1844;  elected  state  comptroller  in  1847;  elected 
Vice  President  on  the  Whig  ticket  headed  by 
Zachary  Taylor  in  1848;  became  President  of  the 
United  States  upon  the  death  of  President  Taylor, 
and  served  from  July  9,  1850,  to  March  3,  1853; 
defeated  as  the  Whig  candidate  for  President  in 
1852,  and  as  National  American  candidate  in  1856; 
president  of  the  Buffalo  historical  society,  and 
commanded  a  corps  of  home  guards  during  the 
Civil  war;  died  in  Buffalo,  N.  Y.,  March  8,  1874. 

Finch,  Isaac,  a  Representative  from  New  York; 
born  in  the  State  of  New  Yrok;  attended  the  public 
schools;  member  of  the  state  house  of  representa- 
tives 1822-1824;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the 
Twenty-first  Congress  (March  4,  1829-March  3, 
1831). 

Finck,  William  E.,  a  Representative  from  Ohio; 
a  resident  of  Somerset,  Ohio;  elected  to  the 
Thirty-ninth  Congress  (March  4,  1865-March  3, 
1867). 

Finck,  William  Edward,  a  Representative  from 
Ohio;  born  in  Somerset,  Ohio,  September  1,  1822; 
attended  the  public  schools;  studied  law,  was 


BIOGRAPHIES. 


643 


admitted  to  the  bar  in  September,  1843,  and  prac- 
ticed in  Somerset,  Ohio;  member  of  the  state 
senate  in  1851;  delegate  to  the  Whig  national 
convention  which  nominated  Scott  and  Graham 
in  1852;  state  senator  again  in  1861;  elected  as  a 
Democrat  to  the  Thirty-eighth  and  Thirty-ninth 
Congresses  (March  4,  1863-March  3,  1867);  de- 
feated as  the  Democratic  candidate  for  judge 
of  the  supreme  court  of  Ohio  in  1868;  elected 
as  a  Democrat  to  the  Forty-third  Congress,  to  fill 
vacancy  caused  by  the  resignation  of  Hugh  J. 
Jewett,  and  served  from  December  7,  1874,  to 
March  3,  1875;  died  in  Somerset,  Ohio,  January 
25,  1901. 

Findlay,  James,  a  Representative  from  Ohio; 
born  in  Mercersburg,  Pa.,  October  2, 1770;  attended 
the  public  schools;  moved  to  Cincinnati,  Ohio,  in 
1793;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and 
practiced;  member  of  the  territorial  legislative 
council  in  1798;  of  the  state  house  of  representa- 
tives 1803;  served  in  the  War  of  1812  as  colonel  of 
the  second  Ohio  volunteer  infantry  and  was  com- 
missioned brigadier-general  of  state  militia  lor  gal- 
lant services  in  1812;  appointed  United  States  re- 
ceiver of  public  moneys  at  Cincinnati  in  1800; 
appointed  United  States  marshal  for  Ohio  in  1802; 
mayor  of  Cincinnati,  Ohio,  1810-1811;  elected  as 
a  Jackson  Democrat  to  the  Nineteenth,  Twentieth, 
Twenty-first,  and  Twenty-second  Congresses  (March 
4,  1825-March  3,  1833);  defeated  as  the  Jackson 
Democratic  candidate  for  governor  of  Ohio  in  1834 ; 
died  in  Cincinnati,  Ohio,  December  28,  1835. 

Findlay,  John,  a  Representative  from  Penn- 
sylvania; born  in  Mercersburg,  Pa.,  March  31, 1766; 
received  a  limited  schooling;  prothonotary  1809- 
1821;  moved  to  Chambersburg,  Pa.;  register  and 
recorder  of  deeds;  clerk  of  the  orphans  court;  clerk 
of  the  court  of  quarter  sessions;  elected  as  a 
Democrat  to  the  Seventeenth,  Eighteenth,  and 
Nineteenth  Congresses  (March  4,  1821-March  3, 
1827);  appointed  postmaster  at  Chambersburg,  Pa., 
and  held  the  office  until  his  death  in  Chambers- 
burg, Pa.,  November  5,  1838. 

Findlay,  John  Van  Lear,  a  Representative 
from  Maryland;  born  near  Williamsport,  Md., 
December  21,  1839;  was  graduated  from  Princeton 
in  1858;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and 
practiced  in  Baltimore,  Md.;  member  of  the  state 
legislature;  collector  of  internal  revenue  for  one  of 
the  Baltimore  districts;  city  solicitor  for  Balti- 
more; elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Forty -eighth 
and  Forty-ninth  Congresses  (March  4,  1883-March 
3,  1887);  (lied  in  Baltimore,  Md.,  April  19,  1907. 

Findlay,  William,  a  Senator  from  Pennsylvania; 
born  in  Mercersburg,  Pa.,  June  20,  1768;  attended 
the  public  schools;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to 
the  bar,  and  practiced  in  Franklinton,  Pa. ;  mem- 
ber of  the  state  house  of  representatives  in  1797  and 
1803;  state  treasurer  1807-1817;  governor  of  Penn- 
sylvania 1817-1820;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the 
United  States  Senate,  and  served  from  December 
10,  1821,  to  March  3,  1827;  Treasurer  of  the  United 
States  mint  1827-1840;  died  in  Harrisburg,  Pa., 
November  12,  1846. 

Findley,  William,  a  Representative  from  Penn- 
sylvania; born  in  Ireland,  January  11,  1751;  at- 
tended the  parish  schools;  came  to  the  United 
States  and  located  in  Philadelphia;  served  in  the 
Revolutionary  War;  moved  to  Westmoreland 
county,  Pa.;  member  of  the  state  legislature; 
delegate  to  the  state  constitutional  convention; 
elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Second,  Third,  Fourth, 


and  Fifth  Congresses  (March  4, 1791-March  3, 1799), 
and  reelected  to  the  Eighth,  Ninth,  Tenth, 
Eleventh,  Twelfth,  Thirteenth,  and  Fourteenth 
Congresses  (March  4,  1803-March  3,  1817);  died 
near  Greensburg,  Pa.,  April  5,  1821. 

Fine,  John,  a  Representative  from  New  York; 
born  in  New  York  City,  August  26,  1784;  was  grad- 
uated from  Columbia  college,  New  York,  in  1809; 
studied  law  in  the  Litchfield  law  school;  was  ad- 
mitted to  the  bar,  and  commenced  practice  in  Og- 
densburg,  N.  Y.,  in  1815;  first  judge  of  the  court  of 
common  pleas  for  St.  Lawrence  county,  1824-1838; 
elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Twenty -sixth  Con- 
gress (March  4,  1839-March  3,  1841);  again  judge 
of  the  court  of  common  pleas  from  February  16, 
1843,  until  the  court  was  abolished  in  1847 ;  mem- 
ber of  the  state  senate  in  1848;  died  in  Ogdens- 
burg,  N.  Y.,  January  4,  1867. 

Finerty,  John  Frederick,  a  Representative 
from  Illinois;  born  in  Galway,  Ireland,  September 
10,  1846;  instructed  by  private  tuition;  came  to 
America  in  1864 ;  enlisted,  in  the  Union  Army  dur- 
ing the  Civil  War  and  served  in  the  ninety-ninth 
New  York  state  militia  in  the  United  States  service; 
correspondent  for  the  Chicago  Times  in  the  Sioux 
war  of  1876,  with  General  Crook;  in  the  Northern 
Indian  (Sioux)  war  of  1879,  with  General  Miles; 
in  the  Ute  campaign,  1879,  with  General  Merritt, 
and  afterwards  in  the  Apache  campaign  of  1881  with 
General  Carr;  correspondent  in  Washington  during 
the  sessions  of  the  Forty-sixth  Congress;  established 
The  Citizen,  a  weekly  newspaper,  in  Chicago,  in 
1882;  elected  as  an  Independent  Democrat  to  the 
Forty-eighth  Congress  (March  4,  1883-March  3, 
1885);  died  in  Chicago,  111.,  June  10,  1908. 

Finkelnburg,  Gustavus  Adolphus,  a  Repre- 
sentative from  Missouri;  born  near  Cologne,  Prus- 
sia, April  6,  1837;  emigrated  to  Missouri  with  his 
family  in  1848;  pursued  an  academic  course  in 
St.  Charles  college,  Missouri;  was  graduated  from 
the  law  department  of  Ohio  university  in  Cin- 
cinnati; admitted  to  the  bar  in  St.  Louis  in  1860; 
served  in  the  Union  Army  during  the  Civil  War; 
elected  to  the  Missouri  legislature  as  a  Radical  in 
1864;  reelected  in  1866  and  chosen  speaker  pro 
tempore;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Forty- 
first  and  Forty-second  Congresses  (March  4,  1869- 
March  3,  1873);  appointed  United  States  judge  for 
the  eastern  district  of  Missouri  by  President 
Roosevelt;  died  in  Denver,  Colo.,  May  18,  1908. 

Finley,  David  Edward,  a  Representative  from 
South  Carolina;  born  in  Trenton,  Ark.,  February 
28,  1861;  attended  the  schools  of  Rock  Hill  and 
Ebenezer,  S.  C.,  and  the  South  Carolina  college; 
studied  law  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar;  member 
of  the  state  house  of  representatives  1890-1891; 
served  in  the  state  senate  1892-1896;  trustee  of 
the  South  Carolina  university  in  1890;  elected  as  a 
Democrat  to  the  Fifty-sixth,  and  to  the  five  suc- 
ceeding Congresses  (March  4,  1899-March  3,  1911). 
Reelected  to  the  Sixty-second  Congress. 

Finley,  Ebenezer  Byron,  a  Representative 
from  Ohio;  born  in  Orrville,  Wayne  county,  Ohio, 
July  31,  1833;  studied  law  and  was  admitted  to 
practice  in  June,  1862;  served  in  the  Union  Army 
during  the  Civil  War  as  first  lieutenant  in  the 
sixty -fourth  Ohio  infantry ;  elected  as  a  Democrat 
to  the  Fortv-fifth  and  Forty-sixth  Congresses  (March 
4,  1877-March  3,  1881);  adjutant  general  of  Ohio; 
also  served  as  circuit  judge  of  the  third  circuit  of 
Ohio;  resumed  the  practice  of  law  in 
Ohio. 


644 


CONGRESSIONAL   DIRECTORY. 


Finley,  Hugh  Franklin,  a  Representative  from 
Kentucky;  born  in  Tye's  Ferry,  Whitley  county, 
Ky.,  January  18,  1833;  studied  law,  was  admitted 
to  the  bar  in  1859;  member  of  the  state  legislature 
1861-1862;  commonwealth's  attorney  1862-1866; 
reelected  in  1867,  and  1868  for  six  years;  defeated 
for  Congress  in  1870;  elected  to  the  state  senate  in 
1875;  appointed  United  States  district  attorney  for 
Kentucky  in  1876;  elected  judge  of  the  fifteenth 
circuit  in  1880  for  six  years;  elected  as  a  Republi- 
can to  the  Fiftieth  and  Fifty-first  Congresses  (March 
4, 1887-March3,  1891);  died  in  Williamsburg,  Ky., 
October  16,  1909. 

Finley,  Jesse  Johnson,  a  Representative  from 
Florida;  born  near  Lebanon,  Wilson  county,  Tenn., 
November  18,  1812;  pursued  an  academic  course; 
captain  in  the  Seminole  war  in  1836;  studied  law, 
was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  located  in  Mississippi 
county,  Ark.,  in  1840;  elected  to  the  state  senate  in 
1841;  moved  to  Memphis,  Tenn.,  in  1842;  resumed 
the  practice  of  law;  elected  mayor  of  Memphis  1845 ; 
moved  to  Mariana,  Fla.,  in  November,  1846; 
elected  to  the  state  senate  of  Florida  in  1850;  presi- 
dential elector  on  the  Whig  ticket  in  1852;  ap- 
pointed judge  of  the  western  circuit  of  Florida  in 
1853,  and  elected  to  the  same  office  in  1855,  and 
again  in  1859;  volunteered  as  a  private  in  the  Con- 
federate army  in  1862 ;  was  promoted  to  the  rank  of 
brigadier  general  November  16,  1863;  paroled  in 
Qumcy,  Fla.,  May  23,  1865;  located  in  Lake  City, 
Fla.,  in  1865;  moved  to  Jacksonvile,  Fla.,  in  1871; 
successfully  contested  as  a  Democrat  the  election 
of  Josiah  J.  Walls  to  the  Forty-fourth  Congress  and 
served  from  April  19,  1876,  until  March  3,  1877; 
successfully  contested  the  election  of  Horatio  Bis- 
bee,  jr.,  to  the  Forty-fifth  Congress  and  served 
from  February  20, 1879,  to  March  3, 1879;  presented 
credentials  as  a  member-elect  to  the  Forty-seventh 
Congress  and  served  from  March  4,  1881,  until 
June  1,  1882,  when  he  was  succeeded  by  Horatio 
Bisbee,  jr.,  who  contested  his  election;  presented 
credentials  on  December  5,  1887,  as  a  Senator- 
elect  to  the  United  States  Senate  for  the  term 
commencing  March  4,  1887,  but  was  never  sworn, 
for  the  reason  that  the  appointment  was  made  be- 
fore the  vacancy  occurred;  died  in  Lake  City,  Fla., 
November  6, 1904;  interment  in  Gainesville,  Fla. 

Finney,  Darwin  Abel,  a  Representative  from 
Pennsylvania;  born  in  Shrewsbury,  Vt.,  August  11, 
1814;  moved  with  his  parents  to  Meadville,  Pa.; 
pursued  classical  studies  and  was  graduated  from 
the  Meadville  college;  studied  law,  was  admitted 
to  the  bar,  and  practiced  in  Meadville ;  twice  elected 
to  the  state  house  of  representatives;  member  of 
the  state  senate;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the 
Fortieth  Congress,  and  served  from  March  4,  1867, 
until  his  death,  while  traveling  in  Europe,  August 
25,  1868. 

Fischer,  Israel  F.,  a  Representative  from  New 
York;  born  in  New  York  City,  August  17,  1858; 
moved  to  Brooklyn  September,  1887;  studied  law 
and  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  December,  1879; 
member  of  the  executive  committee  of  the  Re- 
publican state  committee  1888-1890;  chairman 
of  the  executive  committee  of  the  county  for  two 
vears  and  chairman  of  the  campaign  committee 
in  1888;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Fifty- 
fourth  and  Fifty-fifth  Congresses  (March  4,  1895- 
March  3,  1899). 

Fish,  Hamilton,  a  Representative  and  a  Sen- 
ator from  New  York;  .born  in  New  York  City,  Au- 
gust 3,  1808;  was  graduated  from  Columbia  college 


i  in  1827 ;  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1830  and  practiced 
in  New  York  City;  commissioner  of  deeds  for  the 
city  and  county  of  New  York;  elected  as  a  Whig 
to  the  Twenty-eighth  Congress  (March  4,  1843- 
March  3,  1845);  unsuccessful  candidate  for  reelec- 
tion; lieutenant  governor  from  November,  1847,  to 
January  1,  1849;  governor  of  New  York  1849-1850; 
elected  to  the  United  States  Senate  and  served  from 
March  4,  1851,  to  March  3,  1857;  one  of  the  board  of 
commissioners  for  the  relief  of  Union  prisoners  of 
war  in  the  South;  appointed  by  President  Grant 
Secretary  of  State,  and  was  reappointed  and 
served  from  March  11,  1869,  to  March  12,  1877; 
member  of  the  joint  high  commission  which  settled 
the  differences  between  the  United  States  and 
Great  Britain  in  1871,  and  negotiated  the  treaty 
of  Washington  in  1873;  president  general  of  the 
Society  of  the  Cincinnati;  died  in  Garrison,  N.  Y., 
September  7,  1893. 

Fish,  Hamilton,  a  Representative  from  New 
York;  born  in  Albany,  N.  Y.,  April  17,  1849; 
attended  private  schools  in  this  country  and  in 
Switzerland  and  was  graduated  from  Columbia 
College  in  1869;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1873, 
and  practiced;  private  secretary  to  his  father, 
Hamilton  Fish,  Secretary  of  State  of  the  United 
States  under  President  Grant  in  1869-1871;  mem- 
ber of  the  state  assembly  and  served  as  speaker  in 
1895  and  1896;  appointed  by  President  Roosevelt 
in  1903  assistant  treasurer  of  the  United  States  at 
New  York  city;  reappointed  in  1907  and  served 
until  October,  1908,  when  he  resigned;  elected  as 
a  Republican  to  the  Sixty-first  Congress  (March  4, 
1909-March  3,  1911);  after  leaving  Congress  took 
up  his  residence  in  Garrison,  N.  Y. 

Fisher,  Charles,  a  Representative  from  North 
Carolina;  born  in  Rowan  county,  N.  C.,  October 
20,  1789;  educated  by  private  tutors  in  Raleigh; 
studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar  but  never 
practiced  to  any  extent;  member  of  the  state 
senate  in  1818;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the 
Fifteenth  Congress,  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  the 
death  of  George  Mumford;  reelected  to  the  Six- 
teenth Congress  and  served  from  February  11, 
1819,  to  March  3,  1821;  declined  a  renomination; 
member  of  the  house  of  commons  of  North  Carolina 
1821-1823,  1826-1831,  1833,  and  1836;  member  of 
the  constitutional  convention  of  1835;  elected  as  a 
Democrat  to  the  Twenty-sixth  Congress  (March  4, 
18397-March  3,  1841);  declined  the  Democratic 
nomination  for  governor  of  North  Carolina  in  1846; 
died  in  Hillsboro,  Miss.,  May  7,  1849. 

Fisher,  David,  a  Representative  from  Ohio, 
bora  in  Somerset  county,  Pa.,  December  3,  1794; 
moved  to 'Ohio,  where  he  received  an  elementary 
training;  was  a  lay  preacher  and  newspaper  con- 
tributor; editor  and  proprietor  of  a  newspaper  in 
Wilmington,  Ohio;  member  of  the  state  house  of 
representatives  in  1842;  elected  as  a  Whig  to  the 
Thirtieth  Congress  (March  4,  1847-Maich  3,  1849); 
died  in  Cincinnati,  Ohio,  May  7,  1886. 

Fisher,  George,  a  Representative  from  New 
York;  a  resident  of  Oswego,  N.  Y.;  presented  cre- 
dentials as  a  Member-elect  to  the  Twenty-first 
Congress,  and  served  from  March  4,  1829,  to 
February  5,  1830,  when  he  was  unseated  after  a 
contest  with  Silas  Wright,  jr. 

Fisher,  George  Purnell,  a  Representative 
from  Delaware;  born  in  Milford,  Del.,  October  13, 
1817 ;  was  graduated  from  Dickinson  college  in  1838; 
admitted  to  the  bar  in  1841  and  practiced  in  Dover, 


BIOGRAPHIES. 


645 


Del.;  member  of  the  state  house  of  representatives 
in  1843  and  1844;  secretary  of  state  in  1846;  confi- 
dential clerk  to  Secretary  Clayton  in  the  Depart- 
ment of  State  at  Washington  in  1849;  appointed  by 
President  Taylor  a  commissioner  to  adjudicate 
claims  against  Brazil  1850-1852;  attorney  general  of 
Delaware  1857-1860;  elected  as  a  Union  Republi- 
can to  the  Thirty -seventh  Congress  (March  4,  1861- 
March  3,  1863);  defeated  for  reelection  to  the 
Thirty-eighth  Congress;  appointed  by  President 
Lincoln  a  judge  of  the  supreme  court  of  the  District 
of  Columbia,  which  position  he  resigned  when  ap- 
pointed district  attorney  for  the  District  of  Colum- 
bia, from  which  he  was  removed  in  1875;  appointed 
by  President  Harrison  First  Auditor  of  theTreasury 
Department  in  1889;  died  in  Washington,  D.  C., 
February  10,  1899. 

Fisher,  Horatio  Gates,  a  Representative  from 
Pennsylvania;  born  in  Huntingdon,  Pa.,  April  21, 
1838;  was  graduated  from  Lafayette  college, 
Easton,  Pa.,  July,  1855;  engaged  in  mining,  ship- 
ping, and  wholesale  coal  business;  member  of  city 
councils  1862-1865;  county  auditor  1865-1868; 
burgess  1874-1876;  member  of  the  state  senate 
1876-1879;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Forty- 
sixth  and  Forty-seventh  Congresses  (March  4, 
1879-March  3,  1883);  died  in  Huntingdon,  Pa., 
May  8,  1890. 

Fisher,  John,  a  Representative  from  New  York; 
born  in  Londonderry,  N.  H.,  March  13,  1806; 
reared  on  a  farm  and  afterwards  engaged  in  mer- 
cantile pursuits;  for  twenty-one  years  had  charge 
of  an  iron  manufacturing  establishment  in  Hamil- 
ton, Canada,  where  he  was  a  member  of  the  city 
council;  mayor  of  Hamilton,  Canada;  returned  to 
New  York  and  settled  in  Batavia  in  1856;  acted  as 
state  commissioner  in  the  erection  of  the  institu- 
tion for  the  blind  in  Batavia;  president  of  a  fire 
insurance  company;  elected  as  a  Republican  to 
the  Forty-first  Congress  (March  4,  1869-March  3, 
1871);  died  in  Batavia,  N.  Y.,  March  28,  1882. 

Fisher,  Spencer  Oliver,  a  Representative  from 
Michigan ;  born  in  Camden,Hillsdale  county,  Mich., 
February  3,  1843;  attended  the  public  schools, 
Albion  and  Hillsdale  colleges  in  Michigan,  but  was 
not  graduated  from  either;  engaged  in  lumbering 
and  banking  in  West  Bay  City,  Mich.;  mayor  of 
the  city  1881-1884;  delegate  to  the  Democratic 
national  convention  in  Chicago  in  1884;  elected  as 
a  Democrat  to  the  Forty-ninth  and  Fiftieth  Con- 
gresses (March  4,  1885-March  3,  1889);  resumed 
the  lumbering  and  banking  business  in  Bay  City 
Mich. 

Fisk,  James,  a  Senator  from  Vermont;  born  in 
Greenwich,  Mass.,  October  4,  1763;  served  in  the 
Revolutionary  War  1779-1782;  member  of  the  gen- 
eral assembly  in  1785;  entered  the  Universalist 
ministry  and  preached  occassionally;  moved  to 
Barre,  Vt.,  in  1798;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to 
the  bar,  and  commenced  practice  in  Barre,  Vt.; 
member  of  Vermont  legislature  1800-1805,  1809- 
1810,  and  1815;  judge  of  the  Orange  county  court 
1802-1809;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Ninth  and 
Tenth  Congresses  (March  4,  1805-March  3,  1809); 
reelected  to  the  Twelfth  and  Thirteenth  Congresses 
(March  4,  1811-March  3,  1815);  appointed  United 
States  judge  for  the  Territory  of  Indiana  in  1812, 
but  declined;  judge  of  the  supreme  court  of  Ver- 
mont 1815-1816;  elected  to  the  United  States 
Senate,  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  the  resignation  of 
Dudley  Chase,  and  served  from  November  4,  1817, 
to  January  8,  1818,  when  he  resigned;  collector  of 


customs  for  the  district  of  Vermont  1818-1826; 
moved  to  Swanton,  Vt.,  in  1819,  and  died  there 
November  17,  1844. 

Fisk,  Jonathan,  a  Representative  from  New 
York;  born  in  Amherst,  N.  H.,  September  26,  1773; 
attended  the  public  schools;  elected  as  a  Democrat 
to  the  Eleventh  Congress  (March  4,  1809-March  3, 
1811);  again  elected  to  the  Thirteenth  and  Four- 
teenth Congresses  and  served  from  March  4,  1813, 
to  June,  1815,  when  he  resigned,  before  having 
taken  his  seat  to  the  latter  Congress,  to  accept  the 
position  of  United  States  attorney  for  the  southern 
district  of  New  York,  and  served  until  June,  1819; 
died  near  Newburgh,  N.  Y.,  July  13,  1832. 

Fitch,  Asa,  a  Representative  from  New  York; 
born  in  Groton,  Conn.,  November  10,  1765;  studied 
medicine,  and  practiced  in  Duanesburg  and  Salem, 
N .  Y. ;  president  of  the  Washington  county  medical 
society  1806-1826;  justice  of  the  peace  1799; 
county  judge  1810-1821;  elected  as  a  Federalist 
to  the  Twelfth  Congress  (March  4,  1811-March  3, 
1813);  declined  a  renomination ;  resumed  the  prac- 
tice of  medicine  in  Salem;  died  in  Salem,  N.  Y., 
August  24,  1843. 

Fitch,  Ashbel  Parmelee,  a  Representative 
from  New  York;  born  in  Moores,  Clinton  county, 
N.  Y.,  October  8,  1848;  attended  the  public  schools 
of  New  York,  Williston  seminary,  East  Hampton, 
Mass.,  and  the  universities  of  Jena  and  Berlin, 
Germany,  and  Columbia  college  law  school  in  New 
York  City;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  November, 
1869,  and  practiced  in  New  York  City;  elected  as 
a  Republican  to  the  Fiftieth  Congress  and  as 
a  Democrat  to  the  Fifty-first,  Fifty-second,  and 
Fifty-third  Congresses,  and  served  from  March  4, 
1887,  until  December  26,  1893,  when  he  resigned; 
comptroller  of  New  York  City  1893-1897;  died  in 
New  York  City,  May  4,  1904. 

Fitch,  Graham  Newel,  a  Representative  and 
a  Senator  from  Indiana;  born  in  Leroy,  N.  Y., 
Decembers,  1809;  pursued  classical  studies;  studied 
medicine  in  the  Fairfield,  N.  Y.,  medical  college 
and  practiced  in  Logansport,  Ind. ;  professor  in  Rush 
medical  college,  Chicago,  111.,  1844-1849;  Indiana 
presidential  elector  in  1844,  1848,  and  1856;  mem- 
ber of  the  state  legislature  in  1836  and  1839;  elected 
as  a  Democrat  to  the  Thirty-first  and  Thirty-second 
Congresses  (March  4,  1849-March  3,  1853);  elected 
to  the  United  States  Senate  and  served  from  Feb- 
ruary 4,  1857,  to  March  3,  1861;  raised  the  forty- 
sixth  Indiana  volunteer  infantry  during  the  Civil 
war  and  served  as  its  colonel;  delegate  in  the 
national  Democratic  convention  of  1868;  died  in 
Logansport,  Ind.^  November  29,  1892. 

Fitch,  Thomas,  a  Representative  from  Nevada; 
born  in  New  York  City,  January  27,  1838;  attended 
the  public  schools;  went  to  Milwaukee,  Wis.,  in 
1855;  engaged  as  clerk;  local  editor  of  the  Milwau- 
kee Free  Democrat  in  1859  and  1860;  went  to  Cali- 
fornia in  1860;  edited  the  San  Francisco  Times  and 
Placerville  Republican;  studied  law;  member  of 
the  California  assembly  in  1862-1863;  went  to 
Nevada  in  June,  1863;  elected  a  member  of  the 
convention  which  framed  the  state  constitution  in 
1864;  Union  nominee  for  Territorial  Delegate  to 
Congress  in  1864;  district  attorney  of  Washoe 
county  in  1865  and  1866;  elected  to  the  Forty-first 
Congress  (March  4,  1869-March  3,  1871). 

Fite,  Samuel  McClary,  a  Representative 
from  Tennessee;  born  near  Alexandria,  Smith 


646 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 


county,  Tenn.,  June  12,  1816;  attended  the  com- 
mon schools  and  was  graduated  from  Clinton 
college,  Tennessee;  studied  law  in  Lebanon,  was 
admitted  to  the  bar,  and  began  practice  in  Carth- 
age, Tenn.;  member  of  the  state  senate  in  1850; 
presidential  elector  on  the  Whig  ticket  in  1852; 
judge  of  the  sixth  judicial  district  1858-1861; 
resumed  the  practice  of  law  in  Carthage,  Tenn.; 
appointed  on  July  24,  1869,  judge  of  the  sixth 
judicial -district  to  fill  a  vacancy;  elected  on  Jan- 
uary 8,  1870,  and  served  until  1874;  elected  as  a 
Democrat  to  the  Forty-fourth  Congress,  to  fill 
vacancy  caused  by  the  death  of  John  W.  Head, 
and  served  from  March  4,  1875,  until  his  death, 
before  the  assembling  of  Congress,  in  Hot  Springs, 
Ark.,  October  23,  1875. 

Fithian,  George  Washington,  a  Representa- 
tive from  Illinois;  oorn  near  Willow  Hill,  111.,  July 
1,  1854;  attended  the  common  schools;  learned  the 
printer's  trade  in  Mount  Carmel,  111.;  studied  law 
and  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1875;  elected  state 
attorney  of  Jasper  county  in  1876;  reelected  in  1880; 
elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Fifty -first,  Fifty- 
second,  and  Fifty-third  Congresses  (March  4, 1889- 
March  3,  1895);  railroad  and  warehouse  commis- 
sioner of  Illinois  1895-1897;  resumed  the  practice 
of  law  in  Newton,  111. 

Fitzgerald,  Frank  T.,  a  Representative  from 
New  York;  a  resident  of  New  York  City;  elected 
to  the  Fifty-first  Congress,  and  served  from  March 
4,  1889,  until  his  death  in  New  York  City  Novem- 
ber 4,  1889,  before  the  convening  of  the  Congress. 

Fitzgerald,  John  Francis,  a  Representative 
from  Massachusetts;  born  in  Boston,  Mass.,  Feb- 
ruary 11,  1865;  attended  the  Boston  Latin  school, 
Boston  college,  and  Harvard  college,  but  was  not 
graduated  from  either;  member  of  the  Boston  com- 
mon council  of  1892;  elected  a  member  of  the  Mas- 
sachusetts state  senate  in  1893  and  1894;  elected  as 
a  Democrat  to  the  Fifty-fourth,  Fifty-fifth,  and 
Fifty-sixth  Congresses  (March  4,  1895-March  3, 
1901);  mayor  of  Boston  1906-1907;  reelected  in  1910. 

Fitzgerald,  John  Joseph,  a  Representative 
from  New  York;  born  in  Brooklyn,  N.  Y.,  March 
10,  1872;  attended  the  city  schools,  and  was  gradu- 
ated from  Manhattan  college,  New  York  City; 
studied  law  in  the  New  York  law  school  and  was 
admitted  to  the  bar  in  1893;  delegate  in  the  Demo- 
cratic national  convention  of  1900;  elected  as  a 
Democrat  to  the  Fifty-sixth,  and  to  the  five  suc- 
ceeding Congresses  (March  4,  1899-March  3,  1911); 
delegate  to  the  Democratic  national  convention  in 
1912.  Reelected  to  the  Sixty-second  Congress. 

Fitzgerald,  Thomas,  a  Senator  from  Michigan; 
born  in  Germantown,  N.  Y.,  April  10,  1796;  pur- 
sued an  academic  course;  served  under  General 
Harrison  in  the  War  of  1812;  studied  law,  was  ad- 
mitted to  the  bar  in  1817,  and  commenced  practice 
in  Indianapolis,  Ind.,  in  1818;  served  one  term  in 
the  Indiana  legislature;  in  1832  moved  to  St.  Jo- 
seph, Mich.;  appointed  to  the  United  Senate,  to 
fill  vacancy  caused  by  the  resignation  of  Lewis 
Cass,  and  served  from  June  8,  1848,  to  January  20, 
1849;  died  in  Niles,  Mich.,  March  25,  1855. 

Fitzgerald,  William,  a  Representative  from 
Tennessee;  born  in  that  state;  received  a  thorough 
English  training;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the 
bar,  and  commenced  practice  in  Dresden,  Tenn.; 
elected  as  a  Jackson  Democrat  to  the  Twenty- 
second  Congress  (March  4,  1831-March  3,  1833). 


Fitzhugh,  William,  a  Delegate  from  Virginia; 
born  in  Eagles  Nest,  King  George  county,  Va., 
August  24,  1741;  pursued  classical  studies  with 
private  tutors;  Delegate  to  the  Continental  Con- 
gress, 1779-1780;  died  at  Ravensworth,  Fairfax 
county,  Va.,  July  6,  1809. 

Fitzpatrick,  Benjamin,  a  Senator  from  Ala- 
bama; born  in  Greene  county,  Ga.,  June  30,  1802; 
left  an  orphan,  he  was  taken  by  his  brother  to  Ala- 
bama in  1815;  attended  the  public  schools;  studied 
law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  Montgomery  in 
1821  and  practiced  until  1829;  solicitor  of  the 
Montgomery  circuit  1822-1823;  removed  to  his 
plantation  in  Autauga  county  in  1829,  and  devoted 
himself  to  planting;  governor  of  Alabama,  1841- 
1845;  appointed  as  a  State  Rights  Democrat  to  the 
United  States  Senate,  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by 
the  death  of  Dixon  II .  Lewis,  and  served  from  No- 
vember 20,  1848,  to  November  30,  1849;  again  ap- 
pointed and  subsequently  elected  a  United  States 
Senator,  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  the  resignation 
of  William  R.  King,  and  served  from  January  14, 
1853,  to  March  3,  1861;  served  as  president  of  the 
Senate  pro  tempore ;  delegate  to  the  Union  national 
convention  at  Philadelphia  in  1866;  died  on  his 
plantation  near  Wetumpka,  Ala.,  November  25, 
1869. 

Fitzpatrick,  Morgan  Cassias,  a  Representa- 
tive from  Tennessee;  born  in  Tuscaloosa,  Ala.,  Oc- 
tober 29,  1868;  attended  the  common  schools  of 
Tennessee,  University  of  Ohio,  was  graduated  from 
the  law  department  of  Cumberland  university, 
Lebanon,  Tenn.;  admitted  to  the  bar,  practiced 
law;  edited  a  newspaper;  served  two  terms  in  the 
state  legislature;  elected  speaker  of  the  Tennessee 
house  of  representatives;  served  two  terms  as  state 
superintendent  of  public  instruction;  chairman  of 
the  State  Democratic  executive  committee;  elected 
as  a  Democrat  to  the  Fifty-eighth  Congress  (March 
4,  1903-March  3,  1905);  died  in  Gallatin,  Tenn., 
June  25,  1908. 

Fitzpatrick,  Thomas  Young,  a  Representa- 
tive from  Kentucky;  born  in  Floyd  county,  Ky., 
September  20,  1850;  attended  the  common  schools; 
studied  law,  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1877; 
filled  the  positions  of  county  judge,  county  attor- 
ney, and  representative  in  the  state  legislature; 
Democratic  elector  in  1884 ;  elected  as  a  Democrat 
to  the  Fifty-fifth  and  Fifty -sixth  Congresses  (March 
4,  1897-March  3,  1901);  died  January  21,  1906. 

Fitzsimons,  Thomas,  a  Delegate  and  a  Repre- 
sentative from  Pennsylvania;  born  in  Belfast,  Ire- 
land, in  1741;  came  to  the  United  States  and  en- 
tered a  countinghouse  in  Philadelphia  as  clerk; 
commanded  a  company  of  volunteer  home  guards 
during  the  Revolutionary  War;  member  of  the 
state  house  of  representatives  1786-1787 ;  Delegate 
to  the  Continental  Congress  in  1782-1783,  and 
the  United  States  constitutional  convention  in 
1787;  elected  to  the  First,  Second,  and  Third  Con- 
gresses (March  4,  1789-March  3,  1795);  president 
of  the  Philadelphia  chamber  of  commerce;  held 
several  local  offices;  died  in  Philadelphia,  Pa., 
August  26,  1811. 

Flack,  William  Henry,  a  Representative  from 
New  York;  born  in  Franklin  Falls,  Franklin 
county,  N.  Y.,  March  22,  1861;  attended  the  public 
schools;  became  interested  in  lumbering  and  tan- 
ning; supervisor  of  the  town  of  Waverly  seven  years 
and  chairman  of  the  board  for  two  years;  elected 
county  clerk  of  Franklin  county  in  1897  and  re- 


BIOGBAPHIES. 


647 


elected  in  1900;  chairman  of  the  Republican 
county  committee  from  1898  to  1902;  served  as 
trustee  of  the  village  of  Malone,  and  elected  presi- 
dent of  said  village  in  1902 ;  elected  as  a  Republican 
to  the  Fifty-eighth,  Fifty-ninth,  and  Sixtieth  Con- 
gresses (March  4,  1903-March  3,  1909). 

Flagler,  Thomas  Thorn,  a  Representative 
from  New  York;  born  in  Pleasant  Valley,  Dutchess 
county,  N.  Y.,  October  12,  1811;  attended  the  com- 
mon schools;  learned  the  printer's  trade  and  be- 
came one  of  the  owners  and  publishers  of  the  Che- 
nango  Republican,  Oxford,  N.  Y.;  removed  to 
Lockport  in  1834;  member  of  the  state  house  of 
representatives  in  1842  and  1843;  county  treasurer 
1849-1852;  elected  as  a  Whig  to  the  Thirty-third 
and  Thirty-fourth  Congresses  (March.  4,  1853- 
March  3,  1857);  again  a  member  of  the  state  house 
of  representatives  in  1860;  member  of  the  state 
constitutional  convention  of  1867-1868;  died  in 
Lockport,  N.  Y.,  September  6,  1897. 

Flanagan,  De  Witt  Clinton,  a  Representative 
from  New  Jersey;  born  in  New  York  City,  Decem- 
ber 28,  1870;  attended  Columbia  college,  New  York 
City;  pursued  a  commercial  career;  became  inter- 
ested in  a  number  of  industrial  enterprises;  elected 
as  a  Democrat  to  the  Fifty-seventh  Congress,  to 
fill  vacancy  caused  by  the  death  of  Joshua  S. 
Salmon,  and  served  from  January  5,  1903,  to 
March  3,  1903. 

Flanagan,  James  Winright,  a  Representative 
and  a  Senator  from  Texas;  born  in  Gordons ville, 
Va.,  September  5,  1805;  attended  the  common 
schools;  moved  in  1816  to  Cloverport,  Ky.,  where 
he  engaged  in  mercantile  pursuits;  justice  of  the 
peace  1823-1833;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the 
bar,  and  practiced  in  the  Breckenridge  county  cir- 
cuit 1833-1843;  moved  to  Henderson,  Tex.,  in  1843, 
where  he  practiced;  member  of  the  state  house  of 
representatives  1851-1852;  served  in  the  state 
senate  1855-1856;  presidential  elector  on  the  Fill- 
more  ticket  in  1857;  member  of  the  state  constitu- 
tional convention  in  1866  and  1868;  lieutenant 
governor  of  Texas  in  1869;  elected  to  the  Forty- 
first  Congress,  but  did  not  take  his  seat;  elected  as 
a  Republican  to  the  United  States  Senate  on  the 
reconstruction  of  Texas  and  served  from  February 
22,  1870,  to  March  3,  1875;  died  September  28, 
1887. 

Flanders,  Alvan,  a  Delegate  from  Washington 
Territory;  born  in  Hopkinton,  N.  H.,  August  2, 
1825;  attended  the  public  schools;  learned  the  ma- 
chinist trade  in  Boston ;  moved  to  California  in  1851, 
and  there  engaged  in  the  lumber  business  until 
1858;  one  of  the  projectors  and  proprietors  of  the 
San  Francisco  Daily  Times;  member  of  the  state 
legislature  in  1861 ;  appointed  register  of  the  Hum- 
boldt  land  office;  moved  to  Washington  Territory 
and  engaged  in  business;  elected  as  a  Republican 
to  the  Forty-first  Congress  (March  4,  1869-March  3, 
1871);  appointed  by  President  Grant  governor  of 
Washington  Territory  and  served  one  year. 

Flanders,  Benjamin  Franklin,  a  Representa- 
tive from  Louisiana;  born  in  Bristol,  N.  H.,  Jan- 
uary 26,  1816;  attended  New  Hampton  (New 
Hampshire)  academy  and  was  graduated  from 
Dartmouth  college  in  1842;  studied  law,  but  was 
never  admitted  to  the  bar;  edited  the  New  Or- 
leans Tropic  in  1845;  elected  alderman  of  New 
Orleans  in  1847;  superintendent  of  public  schools 
1850;  reelected  alderman  in  1852;  secretary  and 


treasurer  of  the  New  Orleans,  Opelousas  and  Great 
Western  Railroad  Co.,  1852-1861;  elected  as  a 
Unionist  to  the  Thirty-seventh  Congress,  and 
served  from  February  23,  1863,  to  March  3,  1863; 
military  governor  of  Louisiana  1867-1868;  ap- 
pointed in  1863  special  agent  for  the  Treasury  De- 
partment; mayor  of  New  Orleans  1870-1872;  assist- 
ant United  States  Treasurer  of  the  United  States 
in  New  Orleans  1873-1882;  unsuccessful  candidate 
for  state  treasurer  on  the  Republican  ticket  in  1888; 
died  near  Youngsville,  La.,  March  13,  1896. 

Fleeger,  George  W.,  a  Representative  from 
Pennsylvania;  born  in  Concord  township,  Butler 
county,  Pa.,  March  13,  1839;  attended  the  common 
schools  and  West  Sunbury  academy;  enlisted  in 
the  Union  army  June  10,  1861,  as  private  in  com- 
pany C,  eleventh  regiment  Pennsylvania  reserves, 
and  was  discharged  as  first  lieutenant  March  13, 
1865;  studied  law,  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in 
1866  in  Butler,  Pa. ;  member  of  the  state  legislature 
1871-1872;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Forty- 
ninth  Congress  (March  4,  1885-March  3,  1887);  re- 
sumed the  practice  of  law  in  Butler,  Pa.,  and  died 
there  June  25,  1894. 

Fleming,  William,  a  Delegate  from  Virginia; 
born  July  6,  1736;  studied  medicine  at  the  univer- 
sity of  Edinburgh,  and  entered  the  British  navy 
as  a  surgeon;  came  to  Virginia  in  1755;  captain  in 
the  French  and  Indian  war  under  Washington; 
was  graduated  from  William  and  Mary  college  in 
1763;  member  of  the  house  of  burgesses;  a  delegate 
in  the  Virginia  conventions  of  1775  and  1776; 
member  of  the  committee  of  independence  in  1776; 
a  judge  of  the  general  court  and  presiding  judge  of 
the  court  of  appeals;  sat  in  the  Continental  Con- 
gress 1779-1781;  died  February  15,  1824. 

Fleming,  William  Henry,  a  Representative 
from  Georgia;  born  in  Augusta,  Ga.,  October  18, 
1856;  attended  Summerville  academy,  Richmond 
county  academy,  and  the  State  University  in 
Athens,  Ga.,  from  which  institution  he  received 
the  degrees  of  civil  engineer  and  master  of  arts; 
superintendent  of  the  public  schools  of  Augusta 
and  Richmond  county,  Ga.,  in  January,  1877,  and 
resigned  in  August,  1880;  was  admitted  to  the  bar 
in  November,  1880;  elected  to  the  state  legislature 
in  1888,  1890,  1892,  and  1894,  and  served  as  speaker 
of  the  house;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Fifty- 
fifth,  Fifty-sixth,  and  Fifty-seventh  Congresses 
(March  4,  1897-March  3,  1903);  resumed  the  prac- 
tice of  law  in  Augusta,  Ga. 

Fletcher,  Duncan  Upshaw,  a  Senator  from 
Florida;  born  in  Sumter  county,  Ga.,  January  6, 
1859;  moved  with  his  parents  to  Monroe  county  in 
1860;  attended  the  common  schools,  Gordon  insti- 
tute, Barnesville,  Ga.,  and  was  graduated  from 
Vanderbilt  university,  Nashville,  Tenn.,  in  1880; 
studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  com- 
menced practice  in  Jacksonville,  Fla.;  member  of 
the  state  legislature  in  1893;  mayor  of  Jacksonville 
1893-1895  and  1901-1903;  chairman  of  the  board  of 
public  instruction  of  Duval  county  1900-1906; 
elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  United  States  Senate 
for  term  beginning  March  4,  1909,  and  expiring 
March  3,  1915. 

Fletcher,  Isaac,  a  Representative  from  Ver- 
mont; born  in  Dunstable,  Mass.,  November  22, 
1784;  pursued  classical  studies,  and  was  graduated 
from  Dartmouth  college  in  1808;  taught  in  the 
academy  at  Chesterfield,  N.  H.;  studied  law,  was 
admitted  to  the  bar,  and  practiced ;  state  attorney 


648 


CONGRESSIONAL   DIRECTOEY. 


of  Caledonia  county,  Vt.,  for  eight  years;  member 
of  the  state  constitutional  convention  of  1822;  was 
graduated  from  the  university  of  Vermont  in  1825; 
member  of  the  state  house  of  representatives,  and 
served  one  term  as  speaker;  elected  as  an  Anti- 
Masonic  Democrat  to  the  Twenty-fifth  and 
Twenty-sixth  Congresses  (March  4,  1837-March  3, 
1841);  defeated  for  reelection;  adjutant  general  on 
the  governor's  staff;  died  in  Lyndon,  Vt.,  October 
19,  1842. 

Fletcher,  Loren,  a  Representative  from  Minne- 
sota; born  in  Mount  Vernon,  Kennebec  county, 
Me.,  April  10,  1833;  attended  the  public  schools 
and  Maine  Wesleyan  seminary,  Kents  Hill,  Me.; 
removed  to  Bangor  in  1853,  where  he  was  employed 
by  a  lumber  company;  moved  to  Minneapolis, 
Minn.,  in  1856,  where  he  engaged  in  manufacturing 
and  mercantile  pursuits,  largely  in  the  manufac- 
ture of  lumber  and  flour;  elected  to  the  state  legis- 
lature in  1872,  was  reelected  seven  times,  and 
served  the  last  three  terms  as  speaker;  elected  as 
a  Republican  to  the  Fifty-third,  Fifty-fourth, 
Fifty-fifth,  Fifty-sixth,  and  Fifty-seventh  Con- 
gresses (March  4,  1893-March  3,  1903);  reelected 
to  the  Fifty-ninth  Congress  (March  4,  1905-March 

3,  1907);  resides  in  Minneapolis,  Minn. 

Fletcher,  Richard,  a  Representative  from 
Massachusetts;  born  in  Cavendish,  Vt.,  January  8, 
1788;  pursued  classical  studies  and  was  graduated 
from  Dartmouth  college  in  1806;  studied  law  under 
Daniel  Webster  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1809 
and  commenced  practice  in  Salisbury,  N.  H.; 
moved  to  Boston,  Mass.,  in  1819;  member  of  the 
state  house  of  representatives;  elected  as  a  Whig 
to  the  Twenty-fifth  Congress  (March  4,  1837- 
March  3,  1839);  judge  of  the  supreme  court  of 
Massachusetts  1848-1853;  died  in  Boston,  Mass., 
June  21,  1869. 

Fletcher,  Thomas,  a  Representative  from 
Kentucky;  located  in  Montgomery  county,  Ky.; 
member  of  the  state  legislature  1803,  1805,  and 
1806;  served  in  the  War  of  1812  as  major  of  Ken- 
tucky volunteers  under  General  Harrison  and 
distinguished  himself  at  Fort  Meigs,  May  15,  1813; 
elected  to  the  Fourteenth  Congress,  to  fill  vacancy 
caused  by  the  resignation  of  James  Clark,  and 
served  from  December  2,  1816,  to  March  3,  1817; 
declined  a  reelection;  again  a  member  of  the  state 
house  of  representatives  in  1817,  1820 j  1821,  and 
1825. 

Flick,  James  Patton,  a  Representative  from 
Iowa;  born  in  Bakerstown,  Allegheny  county,  Pa., 
August  28, 1845 ;  moved  with  his  parents  to  Wapello 
county,  Iowa,  in  1852,  and  to  Taylor  county  in  1857 ; 
attended  the  common  schools;  enlisted  in  the 
fourth  Iowa  infantry  April  3,  1862,  and  served  as  a 
private  soldier;  studied  law,  and  was  admitted  to 
the  bar  in  1870;  member  of  the  general  assembly; 
district  attorney  of  the  third  'judicial  district  of 
Iowa  for  six  years;  elected  as  a  Republican  to 
the  Fifty-first  and  Fifty-second  Congresses  (March 

4,  1889-March  3,  1893);  resumed  the  practice  of 
Jaw  in  Bedford,  Iowa. 

Flint,  Frank  Putnam,  a  Senator  from  Cali- 
fornia; born  in  North  Reading,  Mass.,  July  15, 
1862;  moved  with  his  parents  to  San  Francisco, 
Cal.,  in  1869;  attended  the  public  schools;  in  1888 
moved  to  Los  Angeles;  studied  law  and  was  ad- 
mitted to  practice  in  1888;  served  as  deputy 
United  States  marshal;  appointed  assistant  United 
States  attorney  in  1892;  appointed  United  States 


district  attorney  for  the  southern  district  of  Cali- 
fornia in  1897;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the 
United  States  Senate  and  served  from  March  4, 
1905,  to  March  3,  1911;  resumed  the  practice  of  law 
in  Los  Angeles,  Cal. 

Flood,  Henry  Delaware,  a  Representative 
from  Virginia;  born  in  Appomattox  county,  Va., 
September  2,  1865;  attended  the  schools  of  Appo- 
mattox and  Richmond,  Washington  and  Lee  uni- 
versity, and  the  University  of  Virginia;  began  the 
practice  of  the  law  on  September  15,  1886;  elected 
to  the  house  of  delegates  of  the  general  assembly 
of  Virginia  in  1887  and  reelected  in  1889;  elected 
to  the  state  senate  in  1891,  reelected  in  1895  and  in 
1899;  elected  attorney  for  the  commonwealth  of 
Appomattox  county  in  1891,  1895,  and  1899;  presi- 
dential elector  on  the  Cleveland  and  Stevenson 
ticket  in  1892;  nominated  for  Congress  by  the  Dem- 
ocratic party  in  1896  and  defeated;  elected  as  a 
Democrat  to  the  Fifty-seventh,  Fifty-eighth, 
Fifty-ninth,  Sixtieth,  and  Sixty-first  Congresses 
(March  4,  1901-March  3,  1911).  Reelected  to  the 
Sixty-second  Congress. 

Flood,  Thomas  S.,  a  Representative  from  New 
York;  born  in  Lodi,  Seneca  county,  N.  Y.,  April  12, 
1844 ;  attended  the  common  schools  and  Elmira  free 
academy;  an  alderman  of  Elmira  1882-1883;  presi- 
dent of  the  Chemung  county  agricultural  society 
1884-1885;  engaged  in  farming  and  lumbering; 
elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Fiftieth  and  Fifty- 
first  Congresses  (March  4,  1887-March  3,  1891). 

Florence,  Elias,  a  Representative  from  Ohio! 
born  in  Fauquier  county,  Va.,  February  15,  1797! 
attended  the  public  schools;  engaged  in  agricul- 
tural pursuits;  moved  to  Ohio,  locating  in  Circle- 
ville,  Piqua  county;  member  of  the  state  house  of 
representatives  in  1829,  1830,  1834,  and  1840; 
elected  as  a  Whig  to  the  Twenty-eighth  Congress 
(March  4, 1843-March  3,  1845);  member  of  the  con- 
stitutional convention  of  1850;  died  in  Muhlenberg 
township,  Pickaway  county,  Ohio,  November  21, 
1880. 

Florence,  Thomas  Birch,  a  Representative 
from  Pennsylvania;  born  in  Philadelphia,  Pa., 
January  26,  1812;  attended  the  public  schools; 
learned  the  hatter's  trade  and  engaged  in  that  busi- 
ness in  1833;  Democratic  candidate  for  the  Thir- 
tieth and  Thirty-first  Congresses,  but  was  defeated ; 
elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Thirty-second,  Thirty- 
third,  Thirty-fourth,  Thirty-fifth,  and  Thirty-sixth 
Congresses  (March  4,  1851-March  3,  1861);  after 
leaving  Congress  edited  and  published  various 
newspapers  in  Washington,  D.  C.;  defeated  as  the 
Democratic  candidate  in  his  old  district  for  the 
Forty-first  Congress;  defeated  as  the  Democratic 
candidate  for  the  Forty-fourth  Congress;  died  in 
Washington,  D.  C.,  July  3,  1875. 

Flournoy,  Thomas  Stanhope,  a  Representa- 
tive from  Virginia;  born  in  Prince  Edward  county, 
Va.,  December  15,  1811;  attended  the  public 
schools;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and 
began  practice  in  Halifax,  Va.;  elected  as  a  Whig 
to  the  Thirtieth  Congress  (March  4,  1847-March  3, 
1849);  defeated  for  the  Thirty-first  Congress;  en- 
tered the  Confederate  army  and  was  wounded  in 
battle  in  Virginia  in  June,  1864;  died  March  13, 
1883. 

Flower,  Roswell  Pettibone,  a  Representative 
from  New  York;  born  in  Theresa,  Jefferson  county, 
N.  Y.,  August  7,  1835;  was  graduated  from  the 


BIOGRAPHIES. 


649 


Theresa  high  school  in  1851;  engaged  in  mercantile 
and  manufacturing  pursuits  in  1851 ;  assistant  post- 
master of  Watertown,  N.  Y.,  1854-1860;  moved  to 
New  York  City  and  entered  into  the  banking  busi- 
ness in  1869;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Forty- 
seventh  Congress,  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  the 
resignation  of  Levi  P.  Morton,  and  served  from 
December  5,  1881,  to  March  3,  1883;  reelected  to 
the  Fifty-first  and  Fifty-second  Congresses  and 
served  from  March  4,  1889,  to  September  16,  1891, 
when  he  resigned;  in  November,  1891,  elected  gov- 
ernor of  New  York  and  served  until  1895;  died  in 
Eastport,  N.  Y.,  May  12,  1899. 

Flower,  Samuel,  a  Representative  from  New 
Jersey;  a  resident  of  Hamburg,  N.  J.;  elected  to 
the  Twenty- third  Congress  (March  4,  1833-March 
3,  1835). 

Floyd,  Charles  A.,  a  Representative  from  New 
York;  born  in  New  York;  attended  the  common 
schools;  county  clerk  1820-1821;  district  attorney 
in  1830;  member  of  the  state  legislature  in  1836  and 
1838;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Twenty -seventh 
Congress  (March  4,  1841-March  3,  1843);  surrogate 
from  January,  1844,  to  July,  1847. 

Floyd,  John,  a  Representative  from  Virginia; 
born  in  Jefferson  county,  Va.,  April  24,  1783;  pur- 
sued an  academic  course;  attended  Dickinson  col- 
lege, and  was  graduated  from  the  medical  depart- 
ment of  the  University  of  Pennsylvania  in  1806; 
began  practice  in  Blacksburg,  Va.;  justice  of  the 
peace  in  1807;  surgeon  in  the  Virginia  line  in  1812; 
for  several  years  a  member  of  the  state  house  of 
representatives;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the 
Fifteenth,  Sixteenth,  Seventeenth,  Eighteenth, 
Nineteenth,  and  Twentieth  Congresses  (March  4, 
1817-March  3,  1829);  governor  of  Virginia  from  1829 
to  1834;  died  in  Sweet  Springs,  Va.,  August  16, 
1837. 

Floyd,  John,  a  Representative  from  Georgia; 
born  in  Beaufort,  S.  C.,  October  3,  1769;  moved  in 
1791  with  his  father  to  Camden  county,  Georgia, 
and  engaged  in  boat  building;  served  in  the  War  of 
1812  as  brigadier  general  in  expeditions  against  the 
Creek  Indians;  served  as  a  member  of  the  state 
house  of  representatives  from  1820-1827;  elected 
to  the  Twentieth  Congress  (March  4,  1827-March  3, 
1829);  died  near  Jefferson,  Ga.,  June  24,  1839. 

Floyd,  John  Charles,  a  Representative  from 
Arkansas;  born  in  Sparta,  White  county,  Tenn., 
April  14,  1858;  moved  with  his  parents  to  Benton 
county,  Ark.,  in  1869,  where  he  attended  the  com- 
mon and  high  schools;  in  1876  entered  the  State 
university  in  Fayetteville,  Ark . ,  taking  the  classical 
course,  and  was  graduated  in  1879;  in  1880  and  1881 
taught  school;  in  1882  read  law  and  was  admitted 
to  the  bar;  the  same  year  he  located  in  Yellville, 
where  he  practiced;  in  1888  was  elected  representa- 
tive in  the  state  legislature;  in  1890  and  again  in 
1892  elected  prosecuting  attorney;  elected  as  a 
Democrat  to  the  Fifty-ninth,  Sixtieth,  and  Sixty- 
first  Congresses  (March  4,  1905-March  3,  1911). 
Reelected  to  the  Sixty-second  Congress. 

Floyd,  John  G.,  a  Representative  from  New 
York;  born  in  the  state  of  New  York;  attended  the 
common  schools;  member  of  the  state  house  of 
representatives  1839-1843;  elected  as  a  Democrat 
to  the  Twenty-sixth  and  Twenty-seventh  Con- 
gresses (March  4,  1839-March  3,  1843);  reelected  to 
the  Thirty-second  Congress  (March  4,  1851-March 
3,  1853). 


Floyd,  William,  a  Delegate  and  a  Representa- 
tive from  New  York;  born  in  Brookhaven,  Long 
Island,  N.  Y.,  December  17,  1734;  pursued  an 
academic  course;  was  prominent  in  the  ante- Rev- 
olutionary movements;  Delegate  in  the  Continen- 
tal Congress  1774-1777;  signed  the  Declaration  of 
Independence;  member  of  the  state  senate  1777- 
1778;  again  Delegate  in  the  Continental  Congress 
1778-1783;  again  a  state  senator  1784-1788;  elected 
to  the  First  Congress  (March  4, 1789-March  3, 1791); 
presidential  elector  in  1792;  moved  in  1794  to 
Westernville,  Oneida  county;  presidential  elector 
in  1800,  1804,  and  1820;  delegate  to  the  state  con- 
stitutional convention  in  1801 ;  again  state  senator 
in  1808;  died  in  Westernville,  N.  Y.,  August  4, 
1821. 

Flye,  Edwin,  a  Representative  from  Maine; 
born  in  New  Castle,  Me.,  March  4,  1817;  completed 
preparatory  studies;  engaged  in  mercantile  pur- 
suits and  ship  building;  was  a  member  of  the  state 
house  of  representatives  in  1858;  was  for  many  years 
president  of  the  first  National  bank  of  Damaris- 
cotta,  Me.;  delegate  in  the  Republican  national 
convention  of  1876;  was  elected  as  a  Republican 
to  the  Forty-fourth  Congress,  to  fill  the  vacancy 
caused  by  the  resignation  of  James  G.  Blaine,  and 
served  from  December  4,  1876,  to  March  3,  1877. 

Flynn,  Dennis  T.,  a  Delegate  from  Oklahoma 
Territory;  born  in  Phoenixville,  Pa.,  February  13, 
1862;  removed  with  parents  two  years  later  to 
Buffalo,  N.  Y.,  where  he  resided  until  1880,  when 
he  moved  to  Riverside,  Iowa;  was  admitted  to  the 
bar  and  established  the  Riverside  Leader;  moved 
from  Iowa  in  1881  to  Kiowa,  Kans.,  where  he  estab- 
lished the  Kiowa  Herald  and  pursued  the  practice 
of  law;  elected  city  attorney;  appointed  postmaster 
of  Kiowa;  moved  to  Oklahoma  Territory  April  22, 
1889,  and  was  commissioned  by  President  Harrison 
postmaster  of  the  city  of  Guthrie;  elected  to  the 
Fifty-third  and  Fifty-fourth  Congresses  (March  4, 
1893-March  3,  1897);  defeated  for  the  Fifty-fifth 
Congress;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Fifty- 
sixth  and  Fifty-seventh  Congresses  (March  4,  1899- 
March  3,  1903);  nominated,  but  declined  to  be  a 
candidate  for  the  Fifty-eighth  Congress;  was  the 
Republican  nominee  for  United  States  Senator  in 
1908,  but  was  defeated;  resides  in  Oklahoma  City, 
Okla. 

Focht,  Benjamin  K.,  a  Representative  from 
Pennsylvania;  born  in  New  Bloomfield,  Pa.,  March 
12,  1863;  attended  Bucknell  university,  Pennsyl- 
vania state  college,  and  Susquehanna  university; 
editor  and  proprietor  of  the  Saturday  News  pub- 
lished in  Lewisburg;  served  as  an  officer  of  the 
National  guard  of  Pennsylvania;  served  three  terms 
in  the  state  assembly  and  four  years  in  the  state 
senate;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Sixtieth  and 
Sixty-first  Congresses  (March  4,  1907-March  3, 
1911).  Reelected  to  the  Sixty-second  Congress. 

Foelker,  Otto  Godfrey,  a  Representative  from 
New  York;  born  in  Germany  in  1875;  came  to 
America  with  his  parents  in  1888  and  located  in 
Troy,  N.  Y.;  moved  to  Brooklyn  in  December, 
1895;  attended  public  schools;  studied  law,  was  ad- 
mitted to  the  bar  and  practiced  in  Brooklyn;  mem- 
ber of  the  state  assembly  in  1904-1905;  state  senator 
1906-1908;  elected  to  the  Sixtieth  Congress,  to  fill 
vacancy  caused  by  the  death  of  Charles  T.  Dun- 
well;  reelected  to  the  Sixty-first  Congress,  and 
served  from  December  7,  1908,  to  March  3,  1911; 
resumed  the  practice  of  law  in  California. 


650 


CONGRESSIONAL   DIEECTOEY. 


Foerderer,  Robert  Hermann,  a  Representa- 
tive from  Pennsylvania;  born  in  Frankenhausen, 
Germany,  May  16,  1860,  while  his  parents  were  so- 
journing in  Europe;  attended  public  and  private 
schools;  engaged  as  a  manufacturer  of  leather; 
elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Fifty-seventh  and 
Fifty-eighth  Congresses  (March  4,  1901-March  3, 
1905);  died  in  Torresdale,  Pa.,  July  26,  1903. 

Fogg,  George  Oilman,  a  Senator  from  New 
Hampshire;  born  in  Meredith,  Belknap  county, 
N.  H.,  May  26,  1813;  pursued  classical  studies,  and 
was  graduated  from  Dartmouth  college  in  1839; 
studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1842  and 
began  practice  in  Oilman  ton,  N.  H.;  secretary  of 
state  of  New  Hampshire  in  1846;  newspaper  pub- 
lisher from  1847  to  1861;  reporter  of  the  state  su- 
preme court  1856-1860;  appointed  by  President 
Lincoln  United  States  minister  resident  to  Switzer- 
land and  served  from  March  28,  1861,  to  October 
16, 1865;  appointed  as  a  Republican  to  the  United 
States  Senate,  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  the  resigna- 
tion of  Daniel  Clark,  and  served  from  August  31, 
1866,  to  March  3,  1867;  died  in  Concord,  N.  H., 
October  5,  1881. 

Foley,  James  B.,  a  Representative  from  Indi- 
ana; native  of  Kentucky;  received  a  limited  school- 
ing; moved  to  Greensburg,  Ind.;  held  several  local 
offices;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Thirty-fifth 
Congress  (March  4,  1857-March  3,  1859). 

Folger,  Walter,  jr.,  a  Representative  from 
Massachusetts;  born  in  Nantucket,  Mass.,  June  12, 
1765;  attended  the  public  schools;  member  of  the 
state  senate  from  1809  to  1815,  and  1822;  elected 
as  a  Democrat  to  the  Fifteenth  and  Sixteenth 
Congresses  (March  4,  1817-March  3,  1821);  died  in 
Nantucket,  Mass.,  September  8,  1849. 

Follett,  John  Fassett,  a  Representative  from 
Ohio;  born  in  Franklin  county,  Vt.,  February  18, 
1831 ;  moved  with  his  parents  to  Ohio  in  1837  and 
settled  in  Licking  county;  pursued  classical  studies 
and  was  graduated  from  Marietta  college  in  1855; 
taught  school  two  years;  studied  law,  and  was  ad- 
mitted to  the  bar  in  1858;  elected  to  the  state  legis- 
lature in  1865  and  1867;  elected  in  January,  1868, 
speaker  of  the  house  of  representatives;  in  Septem- 
ber, 1868,  moved  to  Cincinnati  and  engaged  in  the 
practice  of  law;  presidential  elector  at  large  on 
the  Hancock  and  English  ticket  in  1880;  elected 
as  a  Democrat  to  the  Forty-eighth  Congress  (March 
4,  1883-March  3,  1885);  resumed  practice  of  law; 
unsuccessful  candidate  for  election  to  tbe  Fifty- 
sixth  Congress;  died  in  Cincinnati,  Ohio,  April  15, 
1902. 

Folsom,  Nathaniel,  a  Delegate  from  New 
Hampshire;  born  in  Exeter,  N.  H.,  September  18, 
1726;  attended  the  public  schools;  served  in  the 
Seven  Years'  war  as  captain  in  Colonel  Blanchard's 
regiment;  successively  major,  lieutenant  colonel, 
and  colonel  of  the  fourth  regiment  of  New  Hamp- 
shire militia,  which  he  commanded  at  the  begin- 
ning of  the  Revolutionary  war;  brigadier  general  of 
the  New  Hampshire  troops  sent  to  Massachusetts, 
and  served  during  the  siege  of  Boston;  appointed 
major  general  and  made  the  details  of  troops  sent 
from  New  Hampshire  to  Ticonderoga;  Delegate  in 
the  Continental  Congress  1774-1775  and  1777-1780; 
executive  councilor  in  1778;  a  delegate  to  the  state 
constitutional  convention  of  1783,  and  its  presi- 
dent; chief  justice  of  the  court  of  common  pleas; 
died  in  Exeter,  N.  H.,  May  26,  1790. 


Foot,  Samuel  Augustus,  a  Representative 
and  a  Senator  from  Connecticut;  born  in  Cheshire, 
Conn.,  November  8,  1780;  pursued  an  academic 
course;  was  graduated  from  Yale  in  1797;  studied 
law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  practiced  in 
Cheshire;  engaged  in  mercantile  pursuits  at  New 
Haven;  for  several  years  a  member  of  the  state 
house  of  representatives  and  twice  its  speaker; 
elected  as  a  Whig  to  the  Sixteenth  Congress  (March 
4,  1819-March  3,  1821);  reelected  to  the  Eight- 
eenth Congress  (March  4,  1823-March  3,  1825); 
elected  to  the  United  States  Senate,  and  served 
from  March  4,  1827,  to  March  3,  1833;  defeated  for 
reelection;  again  elected  to  the  T\/enty-third  Con- 
gress, and  served  from  March  4,  1833,  to  May  9, 
1834,  when  he  resigned  to  become  governor  of  Con- 
necticut; served  as  governor  from  1834  to  1835; 
presidential  elector  on  the  Clay  and  Frclinghuy- 
sen  ticket  in  1844;  died  in  Cheshire,  Conn.,  Sep- 
tember 15,  1846. 

Foot,  Solomon,  a  Representative  and  a  Senator 
from  Vermont;  born  in  Cornwall,  Addison  county, 
Vt.,  November  19,  1802;  pursued  classical  studies, 
graduating  at  Middlebury  College  in  1826;  studied 
law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1831  and  com- 
menced practice  in  Rutland,  Vt.;  state  representa- 
tive 1833  and  1836-1838  and  served  as  speaker  of 
the  house  the  last  two  sessions;  delegate  in  the 
state  constitutional  convention  of  1836;  state's  at- 
torney 1836-1842;  elected  as  a  Whig  to  the  Twenty- 
eighth  and  Twenty-ninth  Congresses  (March  4, 
1843-March  3,  1847);  defeated  as  a  candidate  for 
Clerk  of  the  House  of  Representatives  in  Decem- 
ber, 1849;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  United 
States  Senate;  twice  reelected  and  served  from 
March  4,  1851,  until  his  death;  served  several  times 
as  president  pro  tempore  of  the  Senate;  died  in 
Washington,  D.  C.,  March  28,  1866. 

Foote,  Charles  Augustus,  a  Representative 
from  New  York;  born  in  Newburgh,  N.  Y.,  April  15, 
1785;  completed  preparatory  studies  and  was  grad- 
uated from  Union  college,  Schenectady,  N.  Y.; 
studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  com- 
menced practice  in  Delhi,  N.  Y.;  colonel  of  county 
militia;  trustee  of  St.  John's  academy;  elected  to 
the  Eighteenth  Congress  (March  4,  1823-March  3, 
1825);  died  in  Delhi,  N.  Y.,  August  1,  1828. 

Foote,  Henry  Stuart,  a  Senator  from  Missis- 
sippi; born  in  Fauquier  county,  Va.,  September 
20,  1800;  pursued  classical  studies;  was  graduated 
from  Washington  college,  Virginia,  1819;  studied 
law,  and  in  1822  was  admitted  to  the  bar  and  began 
practice  in  Tuscumbia,  Ala.,  in  1824;  moved  in 
1826  to  Jackson,  Miss.;  was  presidential  elector  in 
1844;  elected  as  a  Unionist  to  the  United  States 
Senate  and  served  from  March  4,  1847,  until  the 
fall  of  1851,  when  he  resigned;  elected  governor  of 
Mississippi  and  served  from  1852  to  1854;  moved 
to  California;  returned  to  Vicksburg,  Miss.,  in  1858; 
member  of  the  Southern  convention  in  Knoxville 
in  1859;  elected  to  the  first  and  second  Confederate 
congresses;  afterwards  moved  to  Washington,  D.  C., 
where  he  practiced  law;  died  in  Nashville,  Tenn., 
May  20,  1880. 

Fooie,  Wallace  Turner,  jr.,  a  Representative 
from  New  York;  born  in  Port  Henry,  Essex  county, 
N.  Y.,  April  7,  1864;  attended  the  Port  Henry 
union  school ;  prepared  for  college  at  Willistion  semi- 
nary, East  Hampton,  Mass.,  and  was  graduated 
as  civil  engineer  from  Union  college,  Schenectady, 
in  1885;  elected  alumni  trustee  of  that  university 
in  1896;  assistant  superintendent  of  the  Cedar  Point 


BIOGRAPHIES. 


651 


Furnace  in  Port  Henry  from  1885  to  1887;  entered 
Columbia  law  school  in  1889;  was  admitted  to  the 
bar  and  practiced  law  in  Port  Henry;  elected  as  a 
Republican  to  the  Fifty-fourth  and  Fifty-fifth  Con- 
gresses (March  4,  1895-March  3,  1899);  died  in  New 
York  City,  December  17,  1910. 

Foraker,  Joseph  Benson,  a  Senator  from  Ohio; 
born  near  Rainsboro,  Highland  county,  Ohio, 
July  5,  1846;  enlisted  July  14,  1862,  as  a  private  in 
company  A,  eighty-ninth  regiment  Ohio  volunteer 
infantry,  and  served  until  the  close  of  the  war, 
retiring  with  the  rank  of  first  lieutenant  and  brevet 
captain;  was  graduated  from  Cornell  university, 
Ithaca,  N.  Y.,  July  1, 1869;  was  admitted  to  the  bar 
and  entered  upon  the  practice  of  the  law  in  Cin- 
cinnati, Ohio,  October  14,  1869;  elected  judge  of 
the  superior  court  of  Cincinnati  in  April,  1879;  re- 
signed May  1,  1882;  unsuccessful  Republican  can- 
didate for  governor  of  Ohio  in  1883;  elected  gov- 
ernor in  1885  and  1887;  again  defeated  in  1889; 
chairman  of  the  Republican  state  conventions  of 
Ohio  1886,  1890,  1896,  and  1900,  and  a  delegate  at 
large  to  the  Republican  national  conventions  of 
1884,  1888,  1892,  1896,  and  1900 ;  chairman  of  the 
Ohio  delegation  in  the  conventions  of  1884  and 
1888 ;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  United  States 
Senate;  relected  in  1903,  and  served  from  March  4, 
1897  to  March  4,  1909;  resumed  the  practice  of  law 
in  Cincinnati,  Ohio. 

Foran,  Martin  Ambrose,  a  Representative 
from  Ohio;  born  in  Choconut,  Susquehanna  county, 
Pa.,  November  11,  1844;  received  a  public  school 
and  collegiate  training;  served  in  the  fourth  Penn- 
sylvania cavalry  from  April,  1864,  to  July,  1865,  as 
a  private;  member  of  the  constitutional  convention 
of  Ohio  in  1873;  studied  law  and  was  admitted  to 
the  bar  in  1874;  prosecuting  attorney  for  city  of 
Cleveland  from  April,  1875,  to  April,  1877;  elected 
as  a  Democrat  to  the  Forty-eighth,  Forty-ninth, 
and  Fiftieth  Congresses  (March  4,  1883-March  3, 
1889);  resumed  the  practice  of  law  in  Cleveland, 
Ohio;  judge  of  the  court  of  common  pleas  and  re- 
sides in  Cleveland,  Ohio. 

Forbes,  James,  a  Delegate  from  Maryland;  sat 
in  the  Continental  Congress  1778-1780;  died  March 
25,  1780. 

Ford,  George,  a  Representative  from  Indiana; 
born  in  South  Bend,  Ind.,  January  11,  1846;  at- 
tended the  common  schools;  studied  law,  was  ad- 
mitted to  the  bar,  and  practiced  in  South  Bend; 
prosecuting  attorney  for  ten  years;  elected  as  a 
Democrat  to  the  Forty-ninth  Congress  (March  4, 
1885-March  3,  1887);  after  leaving  Congress  re- 
turned to  South  Bend,  Ind.,  where  he  resumed  the 
practice  of  law. 

Ford,  James,  a  Representative  from  Pennsyl- 
vania; native  of  that  state;  held  several  local  offices 
in  Lawrencevillc;  elected  as  a  Jackson  Democrat 
to  the  Twenty-first  and  Twenty-second  Congresses 
(March  4,  1827-March  3,  1831). 

Ford,  Melbourne  H.,  a  Representative  from 
Michigan;  born  in  Saline,  Mich.,  June  30,  1849; 
attended  the  Michigan  agricultural  college  and 
the  United  States  naval  academy;  served  in  the 
Navy  during  the  latter  part  of  the  Civil  War; 
studied  law,  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1878 
but  never  engaged  in  practice;  official  stenographer 
of  several  municipal,  state,  and  Federal  courts; 
member  of  the  Michigan  legislature  1885-1886; 
elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Fiftieth  Congress 


(March  4,  1887-March  3,  1889);  reelected  to  the 
Fifty-second  Congress,  and  served  from  March  4, 
1891,  until  his  death  in  Grand  Rapids,  Mich., 
April  20,  1891. 

Ford,  Nicholas,  a  Representative  from  Mis- 
souri; born  in  Wicklow,  Ireland,  June  21,  1833; 
emigrated  to  America  in  1848 ;  engaged  in  mercantile 
pursuits  in  St.  Joseph,  Mo.;  elected  as  a  National 
to  the  Forty-sixth  and  Forty-seventh  Congresses 
(March  4,  1879-March  3,  1883);  unsuccessful  Re- 
publican candidate  for  governor  of  Missouri  in 
1888;  died  in  Miltonvale,  Kans.,  June  18,  1897. 

Ford,  William  D.,  a  Representative  from  New 
York;  born  in  Providence,  ft.  1.;  received  a  limited 
schooling;  moved  to  Jefferson  county,  N.  Y.;  mem- 
ber of  the  state  house  of  representatives  in  1816- 
1817;  elected  to  the  Sixteenth  Congress  (March 
4,  1819-March  3,  1821);  died  in  Watertown,  N.  Y. 

Fordney,  Joseph  Warren,  a  Representative 
from  Michigan;  born  in  Blackford  county,  Ind., 
November  5,  1853;  attended  the  common  schools; 
moved  to  Saginaw,  Mich.,  in  June,  1869;  engaged 
in  the  lumber  industry;  vice  president  of  the 
Saginaw  board  of  trade;  elected  alderman  in  1895 
and  1897;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Fifty- 
sixth,  Fifty -seventh,  Fifty-eighth,  Fifty-ninth, 
Sixtieth,  and  Sixty-first  Congresses  (March  4, 
1899-March  3,  1911).  Reelected  to  the  Sixty-second 
Congress. 
i 

Forester,  John  B.,  a  Representative  from  Ten- 
nessee; native  of  that  state;  received  a  limited 
schooling;  elected  to  the  Twenty -third  and  Twenty- 
fourth  Congresses  (March  4,  1833-March  3,  1837). 

Forker,  Samuel  C.,  a  Representative  from  New 
Jersey;  born  in  Mount  Holly,  N.  J.,  March  16, 
1821;  completed  preparatory  studies;  engaged  in 
banking;  director  and  cashier  of  the  Bordentown 
banking  company;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the 
Forty-second  Congress  (March  4,  1871-March  3, 
1873). 

Forman,  William  St.  John,  a  Representative 
from  Illinois;  born  in  Natchez,  Miss.,  January  20, 
1847;  moved  with  his  father  to  Nashville,  111.,  in 
1851;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and 
practiced  in  Nashville;  member  of  the  state  senate; 
elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Fifty-first,  Fifty- 
second  and  Fifty-third  Congresses  (March  4,  1889- 
March  3,  1895);  after  leaving  Congress  he  moved 
to  East  St.  Louis,  111.,  where  he  resumed  the  prac- 
tice of  law;  collector  of  internal  revenue  1895-1899, 
died  in  East  St.  Louis,  111.,  June  10,  1908. 

Fornance,  Joseph,  a  Representative  from 
Pennsylvania;  born  in  Lower  Merion  township, 
Montgomery  county,  Pa.,  October  18,  1804;  at- 
tended the  public  schools;  sudied  law,  was  admit- 
ted to  the  bar  in  1832,  and  practiced  in  Norris- 
town,  Pa.;  member  of  the  state  house  of  Repre- 
sentatives in  1834;  appointed  Winfield  Scott  Han- 
cock a  cadet  to  West  Point  military  academy; 
elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Twenty-sixth  and 
Twenty-seventh  Congresses  (March  4,  1839-March 
3,  1843);  died  in  Morristown,  Montgomery  county, 
Pa.,  November  24,  1852. 

Fornes,  Charles  Vincent,  a  Representative 
from  New  York;  born  in  Williamsville,  Erie 
county,  N.  Y.,  January  22, 1846;  was  graduated  from 
Union  academy,  Lockport,  N.  Y.,  and  was  princi- 
pal of  a  Buffalo  public  school  for  three  years; 
moved  to  New  York  City  in  1877  and  engaged  in 


652 


CONGRESSIONAL   DIRECTORY. 


business  as  an  importer  and  jobber  of  woolens; 
from  January,  1902,  to  January,  1906,  president  of 
the  board  of  aldermen  of  New  York  City;  trustee 
and  director  in  several  banks  and  corporations; 
elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Sixtieth  and  Sixty- 
first  Congresses  (March  4, 1907-March  3, 1911).  Re- 
elected  to  the,  Sixty-second  Congress. 

Forney,  Daniel  Munroe,  a  Representative 
from  North  Carolina;  born  in  Lincoln  County,  N. 
C.,  in  May,  1784;  served  in  the  War  of  1812  as 
major;  held  several  local  offices;  elected  to  the 
Fourteenth  and  Fifteenth  Congresses  and  served 
from  March  4,  1815,  until  1818,  when  he  resigned; 
appointed  by  President  Monroe  a  commissioner  to 
treat  with  the  Creek  Indians;  member  of  the  state 
senate  1823-1826;  moved  to  Alabama  in  1834  and 
located  in  Lowndes  county,  where  he  died  Octo- 
ber 15,  1847. 

Forney,  Peter,  a  Representative  from  North 
Carolina;  born  in  Lincoln  county,  N.  C.,  April  21, 
1756;  attended  the  public  schools;  served  in  the 
Revolutionary  War;  engaged  in  the  manufacture 
of  iron;  member  of  the  house  of  commons  of  North 
Carolina  in  1794-1796,  and  state  senator  1801-1802; 
elected  to  the  Thirteenth  Congress  (March  4, 1813- 
March  3,  1815);  presidential  elector  on  the  Jeffer- 
son ticket  in  1805,  the  Madison  ticket  in  1809  and 
in  1813,  the  Monroe  ticket  in  1817,  the  John  Quincy 
Adams  ticket  in  1825,  and  the  Jackson  ticket  in 
1829;  died  in  his  country  home,  known  as  ''Mount 
Welcome,"  Lincoln  county,  N.  C.,  February  1, 
1834. 

Forney,  William  Henry,  a  Representative  from 
Alabama;  born  in  Lincolnton,  N.  C.,  November  9, 
1823;  pursued  classical  studies,  and  was  graduated 
from  the  University  of  Alabama  in  1844 ;  served  in 
the  War  with  Mexico  as  a  first  lieutenant  in  the 
first  regiment  of  Alabama  volunteers;  studied  law, 
was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1848,  and  practiced; 
trustee  of  the  University  of  Alabama  1851-1860; 
member  of  the  state  house  of  representatives  1859- 
1860;  entered  the  Confederate  army  at  the  com- 
mencement of  hostilities  in  1861  as  captain,  and 
was  successively  promoted  major,  lieutenant  col- 
onel, colonel,  and  brigadier  general;  surrendered 
at  Appomattox  Court  House;  member  of  the  state 
senate  of  Alabama  1865-1866;  elected  as  a  Democrat 
to  the  Forty-fourth,  and  to  the  eight  succeeding 
Congresses  (March  4,  1875-March  3,  1891);  died  in 
Jacksonville,  Ala.,  January  16,  1894. 

Forrest,  Thomas,  a  Representative  from  Penn- 
sylvania; born  in  Philadelphia,  Pa.;  attended  the 
public  schools;  elected  to  the  Sixteenth  Congress 
(March  4,  1819-March  3,  1821);  reelected  to  the 
Seventeenth  Congress,  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by 
the  resignation  of  William  Milnor,  and  served  from 
December  2,  1822,  to  March  3,  1823;  died  in  Phila- 
delphia, Pa.,  March  20,  1825. 

Forrest,  Uriah,  a  Delegate  and  a  Representa- 
tive from  Maryland ;  born  in  St.  Marys  county,  Md., 
in  1756;  received  a  limited  schooling;  served  as  a 
private  in  the  Revolutionary  War;  wounded  at  the 
battle  of  Germantown,  and  lost  a  leg  at  the  battle 
of  Brandy  wine;  a  Delegate  in  the  Continental  Con- 
gress 1786-1787;  elected  to  the  Third  Congress,  and 
served  from  March  4,  1793,  to  November  8,  1794, 
when  he  resigned;  commissioned  major  general  of 
Maryland  militia  in  1795;  clerk  of  the  circuit  court 
of  the  District  of  Columbia  1800-1805;  died  near 
Georgetown,  D.  C.,  in  April,  1805. 


Forsyth,  John,  a  Representative  and  a  Senator 
from  Georgia;  born  in  Fredericksburg,  Va.,  Octo- 
ber 22,  1780;  was  graduated  from  Princeton  college 
in  1799;  moved  to  Augusta,  Ga.,  with  his  father; 
studied  law,  and  in  1802  was  admitted  to  the  bar; 
began  practice  in  Augusta;  attorney  general  of 
Georgia  in  1808;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Thir- 
teenth, Fourteenth,  and  Fifteenth  Congresses,  and 
served  from  March  4,  1813,  to  November  23,  1818, 
elected  to  the  United  States  Senate,  to  fill 
vacancy  caused  by  the  resignation  of  George  M. 
Troup,  and  served  from  November  7,  1818,  to 
February  17,  1819,  when  he  resigned;  appointed 
United  States  minister  to  Spain  and  served  until 
March  2,  1823;  again  elected  to  the  Eighteenth 
and  Nineteenth  Congresses  (March  4,  1823-March 
3, 1827);  again  elected  to  the  United  States  Senate, 
to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  the  resignation  of  J.  Mac- 
pherson  Berrien,  and  served  from  November  9, 
1829,  to  June  27,  1834,  when  he  resigned,  having 
been  appointed  Secretary  of  State  by  President 
Jackson;  reappointed  by  President  Van  Buren, 
and  served  from  July  1,  1834,  to  March  4,  1841; 
died  in  Washington,  D.  C.,  October  21,  1841. 

Forsythe,  Albert  Palaska,  a  Representative 
from  Illinois;  born  in  New  Richmond,  Ohio,  May 
24, 1830;  attended  the  common  schools  and  Asbury 
university;  served  in  the  Union  army  as  first  lieu- 
tenant; elected  as  a  Nationalist  to  the  Forty-sixth 
Congress  (March  4,  1879-March  3,  1881);  after  the 
expiration  of  his  term  moved  to  Kansas;  died  in 
Independence,  Kans.,  September  2,  1906. 

Fort,  Greenbury  Lafayette,  a  Representative 
from  Illinois;  born  in  French  Grant,  Scioto  county, 
Ohio,  October  11,  1825;  moved  with  his  parents  to 
Marshall  county,  111.  in  April,  1834;  completed 
preparatory  studies  and  attended  Rock  River 
seminary;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in 
1847  and  practiced  in  Lacon,  111.;  elected  sheriff 
in  1850;  served  as  county  clerk  in  1852;  served  in 
the  Union  army;  second  lieutenant  eleventh 
Illinois  infantry  April  30,  1861;  first  lieutenant 
with  rank  of  quartermaster  May  22,  1861;  captain 
September  1,  1861;  lieutenant  colonel  and  quarter- 
master July  21,  1864,  to  August  1,  1865;  brevet 
major  and  lieutenant  colonel  of  volunteers  March 
13,  1865,  "for  faithful  and  meritorious  service  dur- 
ing the  war;"  mustered  out  March  20,  1866;  mem- 
ber of  the  state  senate  in  1866;  elected  as  a  Repub- 
lican to  the  Forty-third,  Forty-fourth,  Forty-fifth, 
and  Forty-sixth  Congresses  (Mardh  4,  1873-March 
3,  1881);  died  in  Lacon,  111.,  January  13,  1883. 

Fort,  Tomlinson,  a  Representative  from 
Georgia;  born  in  Warren  county,  Ga.,  July  14,  1787; 
completed  preparatory  studies;  studied  medicine, 
and  in  1810  began  practice;  served  several  years  as 
a  member  of  the  state  legislature;  elected  on  a 
general  ticket  to  the  Twentieth  Congress  (March  4, 
1827-March  3,  1829);  resumed  the  practice  of  medi- 
cine in  Milledgeville;  president  of  the  State  Bank 
of  Georgia  in  1832  and  served  until  his  death  in 
Milledgeville,  Ga.,  May  11,  1859. 

Forward,  Chauncey,  a  Representative  from 
Pennsylvania;  born  in  Old  Granby,  Conn.,  Feb- 
ruary 4,  1793;  moved  with  his  father  to  Ohio  in 
1800;  moved  to  Greensburg,  Pa.,  a  short  time  after- 
wards; pursued  classical  studies;  studied  law;  and 
in  1817  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  Pittsburgh,  Pa.; 
began  practice  in  Somerset,  Pa.;  served  in  both 
branches  of  the  state  legislature;  elected  as  a  Demo- 
crat to  the  Nineteenth  Congress,  to  fill  vacancy 
caused  by  the  resignation  of  Alexander  Thomson; 


BIOGRAPHIES. 


653 


reelected  to  the  Twentieth  and  Twenty-first  Con- 
gresses, and  served  from  December  4,  1826,  to 
March  3,  1831;  appointed  prothonotary  and  re- 
corder of  Somerset  county  in  1831 ;  died  in  Somer- 
set, Pa.,  October  19,  1839. 

Forward,  Walter,  a  Representative  from  Penn- 
sylvania; born  in  East  Granby,  Conn.,  January  24, 
1783;  attended  the  common  schools;  moved  with 
his  father  to  Aurora,  Ohio;  settled  in  Pittsburgh, 
Pa.,  in  1803;  studied  law,  and  in  1806  was  ad- 
mitted to  the  bar;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the 
Seventeenth  Congress,  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by 
the  resignation  of  Henry  Baldwin;  reelected  to 
the  Eighteenth  Congress,  and  served  from  Decem- 
ber 2,  1822,  to  March  3;  1823;  member  of  the  state 
constitutional  convention  of  1837;  appointed  by 
President  Harrison  First  Comptroller  of  the  Treas- 
ury, April  6,  1841  and  served  until  September  13, 
1841,  when  he  was  appointed  Secretary  of  the 
Treasury  by  President  Tyler,  which  position  he 
held  until  March  1,  1843;  resumed  the  practice  of 
law  in  Pittsburgh;  appointed  by  President  Taylor 
charge"  d'affaires  to  Denmark  and  served  from 
November  8,  1849,  to  October  10,  1851;  returned 
to  serve  as  president  judge  of  the  district  court 
of  Allegheny  county;  died  in  Pittsburgh,  Pa., 
November  24,  1852. 

Fosdick,  Nicoll,  a  Representative  from  New 
York;  born  in  New  London,  Conn.,  November  9, 
1785;  completed  preparatory  studies;  moved  to 
Norway,  N.  Y.;  presidential  elector  on  the  Monroe 
ticket  in  1816;  member  of  the  state  house  of  repre- 
sentatives in  1818-1819;  elected  as  a  Whig  to  the 
Nineteenth  Congress  (March  4,  1825-March  3,1827); 
returned  to  New  London  in  1843,  and  was  collector 
of  customs  1849-1853;  died  in  New  London,  Conn., 
May  7,  1868. 

Foss,  Eugene  Noble,  a  Representative  from 
Massachusetts;  born  in  West  Berkshire,  Vt., 
September  24,  1858;  attended  the  common  schools, 
Franklin  county  high  school,  St.  Albans,  Vt.,  and 
the  University  of  Vermont;  located  in  Boston, 
Mass.,  in  1882,  and  engaged  in  manufacturing; 
elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Sixty-first  Congress, 
to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  the  death  of  William  C. 
Levering,  and  served  from  April  7,  1910,  to  March 
3,  1911;  elected  governor  of  Massachusetts  in  1911, 
1912,  and  1913. 

Foss,  George  Edmund,  a  Representative  from 
Illinois;  born  in  Berkshire,  Franklin  county,  Vt., 
July  2,  1863;  was  graduated  from  Harvard  college 
in  1885;  attended  the  Columbia  law  school  and 
school  of  political  science  in  New  York  City,  and 
was  graduated  from  Union  college  of  law,  Chicago, 
in  1889 ;  admitted  to  the  bar  the  same  year  and  be- 
gan practice  in  Chicago;  elected  as  a  Republican  to 
the  Fifty-fourth,  and  to  the  seven  succeeding  Con- 
gresses (March  4,  1895-March  3,  1911).  Reelected 
to  the  Sixty-second  Congress. 

Foster,  Abiel,  a  Delegate  and  a  Representa- 
tive from  New  Hampshire;  born  in  Andover, 
Mass.,  August  8,  1735;  was  graduated  from  Har- 
vard college  in  1756;  studied  theology  licensed  to 
preach,  and  was  ordained  to  the  Congregational 
ministry  and  installed  as  pastor  of  a  church  in 
Canterbury,  N.  H.,  in  1761,  and  served  until  1779; 
a  Delegate  in  the  Continental  Congress  1783-1885; 
elected  to  the  First  Congress  (March  4,  1789- 
March  3,  1791);  president  of  the  state  senate  1793- 
1794;  reelected  to  the  Fourth,  Fifth,  Sixth,  and 
Seventh  Congresses  (March  4v  1795-March  3, 


1803);  died  in  Canterbury,   N.  H.,   February  6, 
1806. 

Foster,  Addison  Gardner,  a  Senator  from 
Washington;  born  in  Belchertown,  Mass.,  January 
28,  1837;  moved  to  Oswego,  Kendall  county,  111., 
where  he  attended  the  common  schools;  move'd  to 
Wabasha,  Minn.,  and  engaged  in  the  grain  and  real 
estate  business;  served  as  county  auditor  and 
county  surveyor,  one  term  in  each  position;  moved 
to  St.  Paul,  Minn.,  in  1873,  and  engaged  in  lum- 
bering; moved  to  Tacoma,  Wash.,  in  1888;  elected 
as  a  Republican  to  the  United  States  Senate,  and 
served  from  March  4,  1899,  to  March  3,  1905;  re- 
tiring from  the  Senate  he  engaged  in  the  manufac- 
turing and  selling  of  lumber  Tacoma,  Wash. 

Foster,  A.  Lawrence,  a  Representative  from 
New  York;  attended  the  public  schools;  elected  as 
a  Whig  to  the  Twenty-seventh  Congress  (March  4, 
1841-March  3,  1843). 

Foster,  Charles,  a  Representative  from  Ohio; 
born  in  Seneca  county,  Ohio,  April  12,  1828;  pur- 
sued an  academic  course;  moved  with  his  father  to 
Fostoria,  Ohio;  engaged  in  banking;  elected  as  a 
Republican  to  the  Forty-second,  Forty-third,  Forty- 
fourth,  and  Forty -fifth  Congresses  (March  4,  1871- 
March  3,  1879);  governor  of  Ohio  1880-1884;  was 
Secretary  of  the  Treasury  in  the  cabinet  of  Presi- 
dent Harrison  from  February  25, 1891,  to  March  3, 
1893;  died  in  Fostoria,  Ohio,  January  9,  1904. 

Foster,  David  Johnson,  a  Representative  from 
Vermont;  born  in  Barnet,  Caledonia  county,  Vt., 
June  27,  1857;  was  graduated  from  the  St.  Johns- 
bury  academy,  St.  Johnsbury,  Vt.,  in  1876,  and 
Dartmouth  college  in  1880;  studied  law  and  waa 
admitted  to  the  bar  in  1883;  prosecuting  attorney 
of  Chittenden  county  1886-1890;  state  senator 
1892-1894;  commissioner  of  state  taxes  1894-1898; 
chairman  of  the  board  of  railroad  commissioners 
1898-1900;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Fifty- 
seventh,  and  to  the  four  succeeding  Congresses 
(March  4, 1901-March  3, 1911);  Reelected  to  the  Sixty- 
second  Congress. 

Foster,  Dwight,  a  Representative  and  a  Sen- 
ator from  Massachusetts;  born  in  Brookfield,  Mass., 
December  7,  1757;  completed  preparatory  studies, 
and  in  1774  was  graduated  from  Brown  univer- 
sity; studied  law  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar; 
high  sheriff  of  Worcester  county;  justice  of  the 
court  of  common  pleas  and  afterwards  chief  justice; 
served  in  both  branches  of  the  state  legislature; 
elected  as  a  Federalist  to  the  Third,  Fourth,  Fifth, 
and  Sixth  Congresses  and  served  from  March  4, 
1793  to  June  6,  1800,  when  he  resigned;  delegate 
in  the  state  constitutional  convention  of  1799, 
elected  to  the  United  States  Senate,  to  fill  vacancy 
caused  by  the  resignation  of  Samuel  Dexter,  and 
served  from  June  6,  1800,  to  March  2,  1803,  when 
he  resigned;  died  in  Brookfield,  Mass.,  April  29, 
1823. 

Foster,  Ephraim  Hubbard,  a  Senator  from 
Tennessee;  born  near  Bardstown,  Nelson  county, 
Ky.,  September  17,  1794;  moved  with  parents  to 
Davidson  county,  Tenn.,  in  1797;  completed- pre- 
paratory studies  and  was  graduated  from  the  Uni- 
versity of  Nashville  in  1813;  private  secretary  to 
Gen.  Andrew  Jackson  1813-1815;  served  in  both 
branches  of  the  state  legislature,  and  was  twice  the 
presiding  officer  of  the  senate;  appointed  as  a  Whig 
to  the  United  States  Senate,  to  fill  vacancy  caused 
by  the  resignation  of  Felix  Grundy,  and  served 


654 


CONGRESSIONAL   DIRECTORY. 


from  September  17,  1838,  to  March  3,  1839;  was 
reelected  for  the  term  beginning  March  4, 1839, 
but  declined  to  serve,  not  wishing  to  obey  instruc- 
tions given  him  by  the  state  legislature;  subse- 
quently reelected  United  States  Senator,  to  fill 
vacancy  caused  by  the  death  of  Felix  Grundy, 
and  served  from  October  17,  1843,  to  March  3, 
1845;  defeated  as  the  Whig  candidate  for  governor 
in  1845;  died  in  Nashville,  Tenn.,  September  14, 
1845. 

Foster,  George  Peter,  a  Representative  from 
Illinois;  born  in  Dover,  N.  J.,  April  3,  1860;  moved 
to  Chicago;  attended  the  public  schools  and  the 
University  of  Chicago;  was  graduated  from  Union 
college  of  law,  Chicago,  in  1882;  admitted  to  the 
bar  the  same  year  and  began  practice  in  Chicago; 
justice  of  the  peace  for  the  town  of  South  Chicago; 
acting  police  magistrate  of  the  principal  police 
court  of  the  city  for  a  considerable  time;  presiden- 
tial elector  on  the  Democratic  ticket  in  1896,  but 
resigned  in  order  to  permit  a  fusion  between  Demo- 
cratic and  People's  parties;  elected  as  a  Democrat 
to  the  Fifty-sixth,  Fifty-seventh,  and  Fifty-eighth 
Congresses  (March  4, 1899-March  3, 1905) ;  resumed 
the  practice  of  law;  assistant  corporation  counsel 
in  Chicago,  111. 

Foster,  Henry  Allen,  a  Representative  and  a 
Senator  from  New  York;  born  in  Hartford,  Conn., 
May  7,  1800;  moved  to  Cazenovia,  N.  Y.,  when  a 
boy;  attended  the  common  schools;  studied  law, 
and  in  1822  was  admitted  to  the  bar;  surrogate 
1827-1831  and  again  in  1835-1839;  member  of 
the  state  senate  1831-1834  and  1841-1844;  elected 
as  a  Democrat  to  the  Twenty-fifth  Congress  (March 
4,  1837-March  3,  1839);  appointed  to  the  United 
States  Senate,  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  the  resig- 
nation of  Silas  Wright,  jr.,  and  served  from  Novem- 
ber 30,  1844,  to  January  18,  1845;  elected  judge  of 
the  fifth  district  of  the  supreme  court  November  3, 
1863,  and  served  from  January  1,  1864,  until  Jan- 
uary 1,  1872;  senior  member  and  president  of  the 
board  of  trustees  of  Hamilton  college;  vice  presi- 
dent of  the  American  colonization  society;  died  in 
Rome,  N.  Y.,  May  12,  1889. 

Foster,  Henry  Donnel,  a  Representative  from 
Pennsylvania;  born  in  Mercer,  Pa.,  December  19, 
1808;  pursued  classical  studies;  studied  law  in 
Greensburg,  Pa.,  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in 
1829;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Twenty-eighth 
and  Twenty-ninth  Congresses  (March  4, 1843-March 
3,  1847);  member  of  state  house  of  representatives 
1857-1858;  defeated  as  the  Democratic  candidate 
for  governor  in  1860;  successfully  contested  the 
election  of  John  Covode  to  the  Forty-first  Congress; 
reelected  to  the  Forty-second  Congress  and  served 
from  February  9,  1870,  to  March  3,  1873;  resumed 
the  practice  of  law  in  Greensburg,  Pa.;  died  in 
Irwin,  Pa.,  December  19,  1908. 

Foster,  John  Hopkins,  a  Representative  from 
Indiana ;  born  in  E  vansville,  Ind . ,  January  31 , 1862 ; 
attended  the  common  schools;  was  graduated  from 
Indiana  university  in  1882,  and  from  the  law  de- 
partment of  Columbian  (now  George  Washington) 
university,  Washington,  D.  C.,  in  1884;  began  prac- 
tice of  law  in  1885;  elected  to  the  house  of  repre- 
sentatives of  the  general  assembly  of  Indiana  in 
1893;  judge  of  the  superior  court  of  Vanderburg 
county  in  1894, 1898,  and  1903;  elected  as  a  Repub- 
lican to  the  Fifty-ninth  Congress,  to  fill  vacancy 
caused  by  the  resignation  of  James  A .  Hemenway, 
reelected  to  the  Sixtieth  Congress  and  served  from 


December  4,  1905,  to  March  3,  1909;  resumed  the 
practice  of  law  and  resides  in  Evansville,  Ind. 

Foster,  Lafayette  Sabin,  a  Senator  from  Con- 
necticut; born  in  Franklin,  Conn.,  November  22, 
1806;  pursued  classical  studies,  and  was  graduated 
from  Brown  university  in  1828 ;  studied  law  and  was 
admitted  to  the  bar  in  Centerville,  Md.,  in  1830, 
and  also  at  Norwich,  Conn.,  where  he  began  prac- 
tice in  1831;  moved  to  Hampton,  Conn.,  in  1833, 
but  returned  to  Norwich  in  1835  and  was  editor  of 
The  Republican,  a  Whig  newspaper;  member  of 
the  state  legislature  in  1839-1840, 1846-1848,  and  in 
1854 ;  and  served  three  years  as  speaker  of  the  house ; 
defeated  as  the  Whig  candidate  for  governor  in 
1850  and  in  1851;  mayor  of  Norwich  in  1851-1852; 
elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  United  States  Senate; 
reelected  and  served  from  March  4,  1855  to  March 
3,  1867;  was  President  of  the  Senate  pro  tempore 
for  a  short  time;  elected  professor  of  law  in  Yale 
college  in  1869;  judge  of  the  supreme  court  of  Con- 
necticut in  1870-1876;  defeated  as  the  Democratic 
candidate  for  the  Forty-fourth  Congress;  died  in 
Norwich,  Conn.,  September  19,  1880. 

Foster,  Martin  David,  a  Representative  from 
Illinois;  born  near  West  Salem,  Edwards  county, 
111.,  September  3, 1861;  attended  the  public  schools 
and  Eureka  college  in  Eureka,  111. ;  began  the  study 
of  medicine  in  the  Eclectic  medical  institute  in 
Cincinnati,  Ohio,  and  was  graduated  in  1882,  also 
was  graduated  from  the  Hahnemann  medical  col- 
lege, Chicago,  111.,  in  1894,  and  began  the  practice 
of  medicine  in  Olney,  111.,  in  1882;  member  of  a 
board  of  United  States  examining  surgeons  1885- 
1889,  and  1893-1897 ;  elected  mayor  of  Olney,  111. ,  in 
1895  and  in  1897;  member  of  Colonel  Knopf's  regi- 
ment, raised  for  service  in  the  Spanish-American 
war,  and  was  elected  surgeon  and  commissioned  by 
Governor  Tanner,  but  the  regiment  was  never 
called  into  service;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the 
Sixtieth  and  Sixty-first  Congresses  (March  4, 1907- 
March3, 1911).  Reelected  to  the  Sixty-second  Con- 
gress. 

Foster,  Murphy  James,  a  Senator  from  Louisi- 
ana; born  in  Franklin,  La.,  January  12,  1849;  after 
the  civil  war  attended  preparatory  school  at  Whites 
Creek,  near  Nashville,  Tenn.,  for  two  years;  from 
there  went  to  Washington  and  Lee  college  for  the 
session  of  1867-1868;  was  graduated  from  Cumber- 
land university,  Lebanon,  Tenn.,  in  1870; and  from 
the  law  school  of  Tulane  university,  New  Orleans, 
in  1871;  member  of  the  John  McEnery  legislature 
in  1872,  but  owing  to  the  fact  that  this  government 
was  never  recognized  and  the  Kellogg  government 
was,  did  not  take  his  seat;  member  of  the  state 
senate  in  1879-1895;  elected  president  of  the  senats 
pro  tempore  1888-1890;  led  the  antilottery  fight  in 
the  legislature  in  1890;  in  1892  was  nominated  by 
the  antilottery  convention  aa  candidate  for  gov- 
ernor; served  as  governor  of  Louisiana  1892-1900; 
elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  United  States  Senate 
in  1901;  reelected  in  1907  and  served  from  March 
4, 1901  to  March  3.  1913. 

Foster,  Nathaniel  G.,  a  Representative  from 
Georgia;  born  in  Greene  county,  Ga.,  August  25, 
1809;  pursued  classical  studies  and  was  graduated 
from  Franklin  college  in  1829;  studied  law,  was 
admitted  to  the  bar  in  1831  and  began  practice  in 
Madison,  Ga.;  served  in  both  houses  of  the  state 
legislature;  for  three  years  solicitor  general  of  the 
Ocmulgee  circuit;  elected  as  an  American  to  the 
Thirty-fourth  Congress  (March  4,  1855-March  3, 
1857). 


BIOGRAPHIES. 


655 


Foster,  Stephen  Clark,  a  Representative  from 
Maine;  born  in  Machias,  Me.,  December  24,  1799; 
attended  the  public  schools;  learned  the  black- 
smith trade  and  became  a  shipbuilder;  member  of 
the  state  house  of  representatives  1834-1837 ;  presi- 
dent of  the  state  senate  in  1840;  again  elected  to 
the  state  house  of  representatives  in  1847;  elected 
as  a  Republican  to  the  Thirty-fifth  and  Thirty- 
sixth  Congresses  (March  4,  1857-March  3,  1861); 
died  in  Pembroke,  Me.,  October  5,  1872. 

Foster,  Theodore,  a  Senator  from  Rhode 
Island;  born  in  Brookfield,  Mass.,  April  29,  1752; 
pursued  classical  studies  and  was  graduated  from 
the  Rhode  Island  college  (now  Brown  university) 
in  1770  and  from  Dartmouth  college  in  1786;  studied 
law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar  and  began  practice  in 
Providence,  R.  I.;  member  of  the  state  house  of 
representatives  1776-1782;  town  clerk  of  Provi- 
dence for  many  years;  appointed  judge  of  the  court 
of  admiralty  in  May,  1785;  elected  to  the  United 
States  Senate;  twice  reelected,  and  served  from 
June  7,  1790,  until  March  3,  1803;  again  a  mem- 
ber of  the  state  house  of  representatives  1812-1816; 
trustee  of  Brown  university  1794-1822;  died  in 
Providence,  R.  I.,  January  13,  1828. 

Foster,  Thomas  Flournoy,  a  Representative 
from  Georgia;  born  in  Greensboro,  Ga.,  November 
23,  1790;  pursued  classical  studies  and  was  grad- 
uated from  Franklin  college  in  1812;  studied  law  at 
the  Litchfield  law  school ;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in 
1816  and  began  practice  in  Greensboro;  member  of 
the  state  house  of  representatives;  elected  as  a 
Democrat  to  the  Twenty-first,  Twenty-second,  and 
Twenty-third  Congresses  (March  4,  1829-March  3, 
1835);  defeated  for  the  Twenty-fourth  Congress; 
moved  to  Columbus,  Ga.,  in  1835;  reelected  to  the 
Twenty-seventh  Congress  (March  4,  1841-March  3, 
1843);  died  in  Columbus,  Ga.,  September  14,  1847. 

Foster,  Wilder  De  Ayr.,  a  Representative  from 
Michigan ;  born  in  Orange  county,  N .  Y . ,  January  8, 
1819;  attended  the  common  schools;  moved  to 
Michigan  in  1837,  and  engaged  in  the  hardware 
business  in  Grand  Rapids  in  1845;  city  treasurer 
and  alderman;  mayor  in  1854;  state  senator  1855- 
1856;  again  mayor  of  Grand  Rapids  1865-1866; 
elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Forty-second  Con- 
gress, to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  the  resignation  of 
Thomas  White  Ferry;  reelected  to  the  Forty-third 
Congress,  and  served  from  December  4,  1871,  until 
his  death  in  Grand  Rapids,  Mich.,  September  20, 
1873. 

Fouke,  Philip  Bond,  a  Representative  from 
Illinois;  born  in  Kaskaskia,  111.,  January  23,  1818; 
attended  the  public  schools  and  became  a  civil 
engineer;  established  and  published  the  Belleville 
Advocate  in  1841;  studied  law  and  was  admitted 
to  the  bar;  prosecuting  attorney  of  the  Kaskaskia 
district  1846-1850;  member  of  the  state  legislature 
in  1851 ;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Thirty -sixth 
and  Thirty-seventh  Congresses  (March  4,  1859- 
March  3, 1863) ;  colonel  of  Illinois  volunteers  during 
the  Civil  war;  resumed  practice  of  law,  and  died 
in  Washington,  D.  C.,  October  3,  1876. 

Foulkrod,  William  Walker,  a  Representative 
from  Pennsylvania;  born  in  Frankford,  Pa.,  No- 
vember 22,  1846;  attended  public  and  private 
schools  of  Philadelphia;  connected  with  several 
business  and  social  local  organizations;  president 
of  the  Philadelphia  trades  league;  for  many  years 
interested  in  plans  for  the  improvement  of  the 
Delaware  river  and  channel;  one  of  the  trustees  of 


the  Philadelphia  commercial  museum;  member  of 
the  Pennsylvania  historical  society,  Art  club  of 
Philadelphia,  and  a  number  of  other  organizations; 
elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Sixtieth  and  Sixty- 
first  Congresses  and  served  from  March  4,  1907, 
until  his  death  in  Frankford,  Pa.,  November  13, 
1910. 

Fowler,  Charles  Newell,  a  Representative 
from  New  Jersey;  born  in  Lena,  111.,  November  2, 
1852;  was  graduated  from  Yale  university  in  1876 
and  from  the  Chicago  law  school  in  1878;  was  ad- 
mitted to  the  bar  in  1878  and  practiced  in  Eliza- 
beth, N.  J.;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Fifty- 
fourth,  and  to  the  seven  succeeding  Congresses 
(March  4,  1895-March  3,  1911). 

Fowler,  John,  a  Representative  from  Ken- 
tucky; born  in  Virginia  in  1755;  attended  the  pub- 
lic schools;  served  in  the  Revolutionary  War  as 
captain;  moved  to  Lexington,  Ky.;  elected  to  the 
Fifth,  Sixth,  Seventh,  Eighth,  and  Ninth  Con- 
gresses (March  4,  1797-March  3,  1807);  died  in 
Lexington,  Ky.,  August  22,  1840. 

Fowler,  John  Edgar,  a  Representative  from 
North  Carolina;  born  in  Sampson  county,  N.  C., 
September  8,  1866;  attended  the  common  schools 
and  Wake  Forest  college;  read  law  in  the  Univer- 
sity of  North  Carolina  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar 
in  1894;  member  of  the  state  senate  in  1894;  elected 
as  a  Populist  to  the  Fifty-fifth  Congress  (March  4, 
1897-March  3,  1899);  resumed  the  practice  of  law 
and  resides  in  Clinton,  N.  C. 

Fowler,  Joseph  Smith,  a  Senator  from  Ten- 
nessee; born  near  Steubenville,  Ohio,  August  31, 
1822;  was  graduated  from  Franklin  college,  Ohio, 
in  1843;  professor  of  mathematics  for  four  years; 
studied  law  in  Kentucky,  was  admitted  to  the  bar, 
and  practiced  in  Tennessee  until  1861;  went  to 
Springfield,  111.,  in  1861,  but  returned  to  Nash- 
ville, Tenn.,  in  1862;  appointed  by  Governor 
Johnson  comptroller  of  Tennessee,  and  took  an 
active  part  in  the  reconstruction  of  the  state  gov- 
ernment; elected  as  a  Union  Republican  to  the 
United  States  Senate  and  served  from  May  4, 1866, 
to  March  3,  1871;  died  in  Washington,  D.  C.,  April 
1,  1902. 

Fowler,  Orin,  a  Representative  from  Connect- 
icut; born  in  Lebanon,  Conn.,  July  19,  1791;  pur- 
sued classical  studies  and  was  graduated  from  Yale 
college  in  1814;  studied  theology;  after  performing 
an  extensive  missionary  tour  in  the  valley  of  the 
Mississippi  settled  as  a  minister  in  Plainfield, 
Conn.,  in  1819;  moved  to  Fall  River,  Mass.,  in  1829, 
where  he  was  installed  as  pastor  of  the  Congrega- 
tional church  in  1832;  served  several  times  in 
both  branches  of  the  legislature;  elected  as  a  Free 
Soil  Whig  to  the  Thirty-first  and  Thirty-second 
Congresses  and  served  from  March  4, 1849,  until  his 
death  in  Washington,  D.  C.,  September  3,  1852. 

Fowler,  Samuel,  a  Representative  from  New 
Jersey;  born  near  Newburgh,  N.  Y.,  October  30, 
1779;  pursued  an  academic  course;  studied  medi- 
cine and  commenced  practice  in  Hamburg,  N.  J.; 
moved  to  Franklin,  N.  J.;  member  of  the  state 
senate;  elected  as  a  Jackson  Democrat  to  the 
Twenty-third  and  Twenty -fourth  Congresses(March 
4,  1833-March  3,  1837);  died  in  Franklin,  N.  J., 
February  21,  1844. 

Fowler,  Samuel,  a  Representative  from  New 
Jersey;  born  in  Franklin  Furnace,  Sussex  county, 


656 


CONGRESSIONAL   DIRECTORY. 


N.  J.,  March  22,  1851;  attended  Newton  collegiate 
institute,  Princeton  college,  and  Columbia  college 
law  school;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  of  New  York  in 
1873  and  of  New  Jersey  in  1876;  practiced  law  in 
Newark  and  Newton,  N.  J.;  elected  as  a  Democrat 
to  the  Fifty-first  and  Fifty-second  Congresses 
(March  4,  1889-March  3,  1893);  resumed  the  prac- 
tice of  law,  and  resides  in  Ogdensburg,  N.  J. 

Fox,  Andrew  Fuller,  a  Representative  from 
Mississippi;  born  in  Pickens  county,  Ala.,  April  26, 
1849;  studied  law  in  Grenada,  Miss.,  in  1876  and 
1877;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1877,  and  engaged 
in  practice  in  West  Point,  Miss. ;  delegate  in  the 
Democratic  national  convention  of  1888;  member 
of  the  state  senate  in  1891,  which  position  he  re- 
signed to  accept  the  office  of  United  States  attor- 
ney for  the  northern  district  of  Mississippi,  to  which 
he  was  appointed  June  27, 1893;  resigned  the  latter 
office  September  1,  1896;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to 
the  Fifty-fifth,  Fifty-sixth,  and  Fifty-seventh  Con- 
gresses (March  4,  1897-March  3,  1903);  resumed 
the  practice  of  law  in  West  Point,  Miss. 

Fox,  John,  a  Representative  from  New  York; 
born  in  New  York  City,  June  30, 1835;  attended  the 
public  schools;  engaged  in  mechanical  pursuits; 
served  as  alderman  and  supervisor  of  New  York 
City;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Fortieth  and 
Forty-first  Congresses  (March  4,  1867-March  3, 
1871);  member  of  the  state  senate  1873-1874;  en- 
gaged as  an  iron  merchant  and  resides  in  New  York 
City. 

Franchot,  Richard,  a  Representative  from 
New  York;  born  in  Morris,  N.  Y.,  June  2,  1816; 
attended  the  public  schools  and  Hartwick  and 
Cherry  Valley  academies;  studied  civil  engineering 
at  Polytechnic  institute,  Troy,  N.  Y.;  became  in- 
terested in  agricultural  pursuits,  and  then  in  the 
construction  of  railroads;  served  for  some  years  as 
president  of  the  Albany  and  Susquehanna  railroad 
company;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Thirty- 
seventh  Congress  (March  4,  1861-March  3,  1863); 
raised  the  One  hundred  and  twenty-first  New  York 
volunteer  regiment  and  was  commissioned  colonel 
August  23,  1862;  commissioned  March  12,  1867, 
brevet  brigadier-general  United  States  volunteers 
from  March  13,  1865;  associated  with  the  Central 
Pacific  railroad  company;  died  in  Schenectady, 
N.  Y.,  November  23,  1875. 

Francis,  John  Brown,  a  Senator  from  Rhode 
Island;  born  in  Philadelphia,  Pa.,  May  31,  1794; 
on  the  death  of  his  father  he  was  reared  by  Nicholas 
Brown,  of  Providence,  R.  I.;  pursued  classical 
studies  and  was  graduated  from  Brown  university 
in  1808;  attended  the  Litchfield  law  school;  was 
admitted  to  the  bar,  but  never  practiced ;  became 
interested  in  agricultural  pursuits;  representative 
in  the  state  legislature  in  1824, 1826-1828,  and  1832; 
governor  of  Rhode  Island  in  1832  as  a  Jackson  and 
Antimasonic  candidate;  served  until  1838;  member 
of  the  state  senate  in  1843;  chancellor  of  Brown 
university  1841-1854;  elected  as  a  Law  and  Order 
candidate  to  the  United  States  Senate,  to  fill  va- 
cancy caused  by  the  resignation  of  William  Sprague, 
and  served  from  January  25,  1844,  to  March  3, 
1845;  again  state  senator  in  1847,  1849,  and  1852- 
1854;  died  in  Warwick,  R.  I.,  August  9,  1864. 

Frank,  Augustus,  a  Representative  from  New 
York;  born  in  Warsaw,  N.  Y.,  July  17,  1826;  re- 
ceived a  business  education  and  entered  upon  a 
mercantile  career;  director  and  vice  president  of 
the  Buffalo  and  New  York  City  railroad  company; 


delegate  to  Republican  national  convention  in 
Philadelphia  in  1856 ;  elected  as  a  Republican  to 
the  Thirty -sixth ,  Thirty-seventh,  and  Thirty -eighth 
Congresses  (March  4,  1859-March  3, 1865);  member 
of  the  state  constitutional  convention  of  1867-1868; 
one  of  the  managers  of  the  state  hospital  of  New 
York  in  1870;  presidential  elector  on  the  Harrison 
and  Morton  ticket  in  1888;  commissioner  for  pres- 
ervation of  public  parks;  director  of  the  Buffalo, 
Rochester  and  Pittsburg  railroad ;  delegate  to  the 
state  constitutional  convention  in  1894;  died  in 
New  York  City,  April  29,  1895. 

Frank,  Nathan,  a  Representative  from  Mis- 
souri; born  in  Peoria,  111.,  February  23,  1852;  at- 
tended the  public  schools  of  Peoris  and  St.  Louis 
and  Washington  university;  was  graduated  from 
Harvard  law  school  in  1871,  and  was  admitted  to 
the  bar;  unsuccessfully  contested  the  election  of 
John  F.  Glover  to  the  Fiftieth  Congress;  elected  as 
a  Republican  and  Union  Labor  candidate  to  the 
Fifty-first  Congress  (March  4,  1889-March  3,  1891); 
resumed  the  practice  of  law  in  St.  Louis,  Mo. 

Franklin,  Benjamin,  a  Delegate  from  Penn- 
sylvania; born  in  Boston,  Mass.,  January  17,  1706; 
attended  the  Boston  grammar  school  one  year; 
was  instructed  in  elementary  branches  by  a  private 
tutor;  employed  in  a  tallow  chandlery  for  two  years; 
learned  the  art  of  printing,  and  after  working  at  his 
trade  in  Boston,  Philadelphia,  and  London  estab- 
lished himself  in  Philadelphia  as  a  printer  and  pub- 
lisher; state  printer;  clerk  of  the  state  assembly  in 
1736;  postmaster  of  Philadelphia  in  1737;  a  member 
of  the  provincial  assembly  1744-1754;  a  member  of 
several  Indian  commissions;  appointed  postmaster 
general  of  the  British  North  American  colonies  in 
1753;  agent  of  Pennsylvania  in  London  1757-1762 
and  1764-1775;  a  Delegate  in  the  Continental  Con- 
gress 1775-1776;  signed  the  Declaration  of  Inde- 
pendence; president  of  the  Pennsylvania  constitu- 
tional convention  of  1776;  sent  as  a  diplomatic 
commissioner  to  France  by  the  Continental  Con- 
gress and  later  minister  to  France  1776-1785;  gov- 
ernor of  Pennsylvania  1785-1788;  a  delegate  to  the 
convention  which  framed  the  Federal  Constitu- 
tion in  May,  1787;  died  in  Philadelphia,  Pa., 
April  17,  1790. 

Franklin,  Benjamin  J.,  a  Representative  from 
Missouri;  native  of  Mason  county,  Ky.;  attended 
private  schools  and  Bethany  college,  Virginia; 
studied  law  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1857; 
began  practice  in  Leavenworth,  Kans.;  moved  to 
Missouri  in  1860,  and  located  in  Kansas  City; 
entered  the  Confederate  army  as  a  private,  pro- 
moted to  captain,  and  served  throughout  the  war; 
elected  Commonwealth  attorney  for  the  twenty- 
fourth  judicial  circuit  of  Missouri  in  March,  1871; 
elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Forty-fourth  and 
Forty-fifth  Congresses  (March  4,  1875-March  3, 
1879);  died  in  Kansas  City,  Mo.,  in  1898. 

Franklin,  Jesse,  a  Representative  and  a  Sen- 
ator from  North  Carolina;  born  in  Orange  county, 
Va.,  March  24,  1760;  moved  with  parents  to  North 
Carolina  in  1774;  served  as  major  during  the  Rev- 
olutionary War;  member  of  the  house  of  commons 
of  North  Carolina  in  1794,  1797,  1798,  and  of  the 
state  senate  in  1805-1806;  elected  as  a  Democrat 
to  the  Fourth  Congress  (March  4,  1795-March  3, 
1797) ;  elected  to  the  United  States  Senate  in  1799 
and  served  from  March  4,  1799,  until  March  3, 
1805;  again  elected  to  the  United  States  Senate  in 
1807,  and  served  from  March  4.  1807.  until  March 


BIOGRAPHIES. 


657 


3,    1813;  governor  of   North   Carolina   1820-1821; 
died  in  Surry  county,  N.  C.,  August  31,  1823. 

Franklin,  John  Rankin,  a  Representative  from 
Maryland;  born  near  Berlin,  Md.,  May  6, 1820;  pur- 
sued classical  studies  and  was  graduated  from  Jeffer- 
son college  in  1836 ;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the 
bar  in  1841,  and  began  practice  in  Snow  Hill,  Md.; 
member  of  the  state  house  of  representatives  1840- 
1843  and  in  1859  and  served  as  speaker  one  term; 
president  of  the  state  board  of  public  works  in  1851; 
elected  as  a  Whig  to  the  Thirty-third  Congress 
(March  4,  1852-March  3,  1855);  judge  of  the  first 
judicial  circuit  of  Maryland  from  1867  until  his 
death  in  Worcester  county,  Md.,  January  11,  1878. 

Franklin,  Meshach,  a  Representative  from 
North  Carolina;  born  in  Surry  county,  N.  C.,  in 
1772;  member  of  the  state  house  of  commons  in 
1800  and  of  the  state  senate  in  1828-1829;  elected 
as  a  Democrat  to  the  Tenth,  Eleventh,  Twelfth, 
and  Thirteenth  Congresses  (March  4,  1807-March 
3, 1815);  died  in  Surry  county,  N.  C.,  December  18, 
1839. 

Frazier,  James  Beriah,  a  Senator  from  Ten- 
nessee; born  in  Pikeville,  Bledsoe  county,  Tenn., 
October  18,  1856;  attended  the  common  schools, 
and  was  graduated  at  the  University  of  Tennessee 
in  June,  1878;  read  law  with  his  father,  Judge 
Thomas  N.  Frazier,  in  Nashville,  Tenn.;  was  ad- 
mitted to  the  bar  and  removed  to  Chattanooga  in 
1881,  and  practiced  there  until  1902;  elector  for  the 
state  at  large  on  the  Democratic  ticket  in  1900; 
governor  of  Tennessee  1902  and  1904;  elected  as  a 
Democrat  to  the  United  States  Senate  March  21, 
1905,  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  the  death  of  William 
B.  Bate,  and  served  from  March  21, 1905,  to  March 
3, 1911;  defeated  for  reelection;  resumed  the  prac- 
tice of  law  in  Chattanooga,  Tenn. 

Frederick,  Benjamin  Todd,  a  Representative 
from  Iowa;  born  in  Fredericktown,  Columbiana 
county,  Ohio,  October  5,  1834;  completed  prepara- 
tory studies;  engaged  in  manufacturing;  member  of 
the  city  council  of  Marshalltown  three  terms,  and 
of  the  school  board  three  terms;  successfully  con- 
tested the  election  of  James  Wilson  to  the  Forty- 
eighth  Congress,  and  the  seat  was  given  him  on 
the  last  day  of  that  Congress,  March  3,  1885;  re- 
elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Forty-ninth  Congress 
(March  4,  1885-March  3,  1887). 

Freedley,  John,  a  Representative  from  Penn- 
sylvania; born  in  Norristown,  Pa.,  May  22,  1793; 
attended  the  public  schools  and  Norristown  acad- 
emy; studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1820, 
and  began  practice  in  Norristown;  elected  as  a 
Whig  to  the  Thirtieth  and  Thirty-first  Congresses 
(March  4, 1847-March  3,  1851);  died  in  Norristown, 
Pa.,  December  8,  1851. 

Freeman,  Chapman,  a  Representative  from 
Pennsylvania;  born  in  Philadelphia,  Pa.,  October 
8,  1832;  attended  the  public  schools;  was  graduated 
from  the  Philadelphia  high  school  in  1850;  com- 
menced the  study  of  law,  but  engaged  in  mercan- 
tile pursuits  until  the  breaking  out  of  the  Civil  War; 
entered  the  United  States  Navy  as  acting  assistant 
paymaster  in  1863;  resigned  in  1864;  resumed  the 
study  of  law  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1867; 
practiced  in  Philadelphia;  one  of  the  commission- 
ers on  behalf  of  the  centennial  from  the  city  of 
Philadelphia  to  Vienna,  Austria,  in  1873;  elected 
as  a  Republican  to  the  Forty-fourth  and  Forty- 

50346°— S.  Doc.  654,  61-2 42 


fifth  Congresses  (March  4,   1875-March  3,   1879); 
died  in  Stratford,  Pa.,  March  22,  1904. 

Freeman,  James  C.,  a  Representative  from 
Georgia;  born  in  Jones  county,  Ga.,  April  1,  1820; 
received  a  limited  schooling;  planter;  elected  as  a 
Republican  to  the  Forty-third  Congress  (March  4, 
1873-March  3,  1875). 

Freeman,  John  D.,  a  Representative  from 
Mississippi;  native  of  New  Jersey;  attended  the 
common  schools ;  moved  to  Mississippi  and  located 
in  Jackson;  elected  as  a  Unionist  to  the  Thirty- 
second  Congress  (March  4,  1851-March  3,  1853); 
died  January  19,  1886. 

Freeman,  Jonathan,  a  Representative  from 
New  Hampshire;  born  in  Mansfield,  Conn.,  March 
21,  1745;  attended  the  public  schools;  executive 
councilor  1789-1797;  overseer  of  Dartmouth  college 
1793-1808;  elected  to  the  Fifth  and  Sixth  Congresses 
(March  4,  1797-March  3,  1801);  died  in  Hanover, 
N.  H.,  August  20,  1808. 

Freeman,  Nathaniel,  Jr.,  a  Representative 
from  Massachusetts;  born  in  Dennis,  Mass.,  April  8, 
1741 ;  completed  preparatory  studies ;  studied  medi- 
cine, and  in  1765  began  practice  in  Sandwich,  Mass. ; 
also  studied  law  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar;  a 
colonel  in  the  Revolutionary  war;  judge  of  the 
court  of  common  pleas  for  Barnstable  county  1775- 
1811;  brigadier-general  of  militia  1781-1793;  elected 
to  the  Fourth  and  Fifth  Congresses  (March  4,  1795- 
March  3,  1799);  died  in  Sandwich,  Mass.,  Septem- 
ber 20,  1827. 

Freer,  Borneo  Hoyt,  a  Representative  from 
West  Virginia;  born  in  Bazetta,  Trumbull  county, 
Ohio,  November  9,  1846;  attended  the  common 
schools  of  Ashtabula  county,  Ohio,  where  his  par- 
ents had  moved  when  he  was  three  years  old; 
served  in  the  Union  Army  during  the  war  as  a  pri- 
vate; located  in  Charleston,  W.  Va.,  in  March,  1866; 
taught  school;  studied  law,  and  was  admitted  to 
the  bar  in  1868 ;  assistant  prosecuting  attorney  of 
Kanawha  county  1868-1871;  prosecuting  attorney 
of  the  same  county  1871-1873;  presidential  elector 
on  the  Grant  ticket  in  1872;  United  States  consul 
to  Nicaragua  until  1877;  moved  to  Ritchie  county 
in  1882;  Blaine  elector  in  1884;  member  of  the  legis- 
lature in  1891;  prosecuting  attorney  of  Ritchie 
county  1892-1897;  elected  judge  of  the  fourth  judi- 
cial circuit  in  1896;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the 
Fifty-sixth  Congress  (March  4,  1899-March  3,  1901); 
attorney -general  of  West  Virginia  1901-1905;  post- 
master of  Harrisville,  W.  Va. 

Frelinghuysen,  Frederick,  a  Delegate  and  a 
Senator  from  New  Jersey ;  born  in  Somerset  county, 
N.  J.,  April  13,  1753;  was  graduated  from  Prince- 
ton college  in  1770;  studied  law  and  was  admitted 
to  the  bar  in  1774;  Delegate  in  the  Continental  Con- 
gress 1778-1779and  1782-1783 ;  served  in  the  Revolu- 
tionary war  as  captain  and  colonel,  and  in  1790  ap- 
pointed by  President  Washington  brigadier-general 
in  the  campaign  against  the  Western  Indians; 
elected  as  a  Federalist  to  the  United  States  Senate, 
and  served  from  March  4,  1793,  to  November  12, 
1796,  when  he  resigned;  died  in  Millstone,  N.  J., 
April  13,  1804. 

Frelinghuysen,  Frederick  Theodore,  a  Sena- 
tor from  New  Jersey;  born  in  Millstone,  N.  J.,  Au- 
gust 4,  1817;  was  graduated  from  Rutgers  college 
in  1836;  studied  law,  and  in  1839  admitted  to  the 
bar,  and  practiced  in  Newark,  N.  J.;  city  attorney 
in  1849;  member  of  city  council  in  1850;  a  delegate 


658 


CONGRESSIONAL   DIRECTORY. 


to  the  peace  congress  in  1861 ;  appointed  attorney- 
general  of  New  Jersey  in  1861 ;  reappointed  in  1866; 
appointed  as  a  Republican  and  subsequently  elect- 
ed to  the  United  States  Senate,  to  fill  vacancy 
caused  by  the  death  of  William  Wright,  and  served 
from  November  12,  1866,  to  March  3,  1869;  ap- 
pointed minister  to  England  by  President  Grant 
m  July,  1870;  confirmed  after  considerable  opposi- 
tion from  Senators  Sumner  and  Wilson,  but  declined 
the  appointment;  again  elected  to  the  United  States 
Senate  and  served  from  March  4,  1871,  to  March 

3,  1877;  resumed  the  practice  of  law  in  Newark, 
N .  J. ;  appointed  Secretary  of  State  under  President 
Arthur,  and  served  from  December  19,   1881,  to 
March  6, 1885;  died  in  Newark,  N.  J.,  May  20, 1885. 

Frelinghuysen,  Theodore,  a  Senator  from  New 
Jersey;  born  in  Millstone,  N.  J.,  March  28,  1787; 
pursued  classical  studies  and  was  graduated  from 
Princeton  college  in  1804;  studied  law,  was  ad- 
mitted to  the  bar  in  1808  and  began  practice  in 
Newark,  N.  J.;  served  as  captain  of  volunteer 
militia  in  the  War  of  1812;  attorney-general  of  New 
Jersey  1817-1829;  elected  as  an  Adams  Republican 
to  the  United  States  Senate  and  served  from  March 

4,  1829,  until  March  3,  1835;  mayor  of  Newark, 
N .  J . ,  1837-1 838 ;  chancellor  of  the  New  York  univer- 
sity 1839-1850;  defeated  as  the  Whig  candidate  for 
Vice-President  in  1844 ;  president  of  Rutgers  college 
from  1850  until  his  death  in  New  Brunswick,  N.  J., 
April  12,  1862. 

Fremont,  John  Charles,  a  Senator  from  Cali- 
fornia; born  in  Savannah,  Ga.,  January  21,  1813; 
pursued  classical  studies  and  attended  Charleston 
college  1828-1830;  instructor  in  mathematics  in 
United  States  Navy  1833-1835;  civil  engineer 
assistant  of  Nicollet  in  1838-1839,  exploring  the 
territory  between  the  Missouri  River  and  the 
northern  boundary  of  the  United  States;  appointed 
second  lieutenant  of  topographical  engineers  of 
the  United  States  Army,  July  7,  1838;  commenced 
in  1842  his  explorations  and  surveys  for  an  over- 
land route  from  the  Mississippi  to  the  Pacific  Ocean; 
major  of  a  battalion  of  California  volunteers  in  1846; 
appointed  lieutenant  colonel  of  United  States 
mounted  rifles  in  1846  and  ordered  to  act  as  gov- 
ernor of  California  by  Commodore  Stockton; 
General  Kearny,  U.  S.  Army,  revoked  this  order 
and  placed  him  under  arrest  for  mutiny;  tried  by 
court-martial  in  Washington,  found  guilty,  and 
pardoned  by  President  Polk,  but  resigned;  crossed 
the  continent  in  1848;  located  in  California  on  the 
Mariposa  grant;  commissioner  to  run  the  boundary 
line  between  United  States  and  Mexico  in  1849; 
elected  as  a  Free  Soil  Democrat  to  the  United 
States  Senate,  and  served  from  September  10,  1850, 
to  March  3,  1851;  crossed  the  continent  in  1853  for 
the  fifth  time;  defeated  in  1856  as  the  Republican 
candidate  for  President  of  the  United  States;  ap- 
pointed major-general  in  the  United  States  Army 
by  President  Lincoln  May  14,  1861,  and  placed 
in  command  of  the  Western  military  district;  was 
removed  December  2,  1861;  appointed  to  com- 
mand the  mountain  department  February  10, 
1862;  resigned  June  4,  1864;  again  nominated  for 
President  by  the  Cleveland  convention  in  1864; 
governor  of  Arizona  Territory  1878-1881 ;  appointed 
a  major-general  in  the  United  States  Army  on  the 
retired  list  April  28,  1890;  died  in  New  York  City 
July  13,  1890. 

French,  Burton  Lee,  a  Representative  from 
Idaho;  born  near  Delphi,  Ind.,  August  1,  1875; 
moved  with  his  parents  to  Kearney,  Nebr.,  in  1880, 
and  removed  to  Idaho  in  1882;  was  graduated  from 


the  University  of  Idaho  in  1901,  and  was  fellow 
in  the  University  of  Chicago  in  1901  and  1902; 
studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar  and  practiced 
in  Moscow,  Idaho;  elected  to  the  state  house  of 
representatives  in  1898;  reflected  in  1900;  elected 
as  a  Republican  to  the  Fifty-eighth,  Fifty-ninth, 
and  Sixtieth  Congresses  (March  4,  1903-March  3, 
1911);  defeated  for  reelection  to  the  Sixty-first 
Congress;  resumed  the  practice  of  law  in  Moscow, 
Idaho.  Reelected  to  the  Sixty-second  Congress. 

French,  Carlos,  a  Representative  from  Con- 
necticut; born  in  Humphreysville  (now  Seymour), 
Conn.,  August  6,  1835;  attended  General  Russell's 
school,  New  Haven,  Conn.;  engaged  in  manufac- 
turing; member  of  the  state  house  of  representa- 
tives 1860  and  1868;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the 
Fiftieth  Congress  (March  4,  1887-March  3,  1889); 
died  in  Seymour,  Conn.,  April  14,  1903. 

French,  Ezra  Bartlett,  a  Representative  from 
Maine;  born  in  Landpff,  N.  H.,  September  23,  1810; 
pursued  an  academic  course;  moved  to  Damaris- 
cotta,  Me.;  secretary  of  state  of  Maine;  elected  to 
the  Thirty-sixth  Congress  (March  4,  1859-March  3, 
1861);  appointed  Second  Auditor  of  the  Treasury. 
August  3,  1861,  by  President  Lincoln,  and  con- 
tinued during  the  administrations  of  Presidents 
Johnson,  Grant,  and  Hayes;  died  in  Washington, 
D.  C.,  April  24,  1881. 

French,  John  R.,  a  Representative  from  North 
Carolina;  born  in  Gilmanton,  N.  H.,  May  28,  1819; 
learned  the  printer's  trade;  five  years  publisher 
and  associate  editor  of  the  New  Hampshire  States- 
man, at  Concord;  two  years  editor  of  the  Eastern 
Journal,  at  Biddeford,  Me. ;  moved  to  Lake  county, 
Ohio,  in  1854;  editor  of  the  Telegraph,  the  Frees, 
and  in  1856  of  the  Cleveland  Morning  Leader; 
member  of  the  state  legislature  1858-1859;  ap- 
pointed by  Secretary  Chase  in  the  Treasury  De- 
partment at  Washington  in  1861;  appointed  by 
President  Lincoln  in  1864  on  the  board  of  direct-tax 
commissioners  for  the  state  of  North  Carolina; 
delegate  to  the  state  constitutional  convention  of 
1867;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Fortieth  Con- 
gress and  served  from  July  6, 1868,  to  March  3, 1869 ; 
elected  Sergeant-at-Arms  of  the  United  States 
Senate  in  December,  1870,  and  held  the  office  nine 
years;  appointed  secretary  of  the  Ute  Commission 
in  July,  1880;  moved  to  Boise  City,  Idaho,  and  was 
editor  of  the  Boise  City  Sun;  died  in  Boise  City, 
Idaho,  October  2,  1890. 

French,  Richard,  a  Representative  from  Ken- 
tucky; native  of  Kentucky;  attended  the  public 
schools;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar, 
and  began  practice  in  Mount  Sterling,  Ky.;  judge 
of  the  circuit  court;  member  of  the  state  legislature 
in  1820-1822;  presidential  elector  on  the  Jackson 
and  Van  Buren  ticket  in  1829;  elected  as  a  Demo- 
crat to  the  Twenty-fourth  Congress  (March  4,  1835- 
March  3,  1837);  defeated  for  the  Twenty-fifth  Con- 
gress; reelected  to  the  Twenty-eighth  Congress 
(March  4,  1843-March  3,  1845);  again  elected  to 
the  Thirtieth  Congress  (March  4,  1847-March  3, 
1849). 

Frick,  Henry,  a  Representative  from  Pennsyl- 
vania; born  in  Northumberland,  Pa.,  in  1795; 
attended  the  public  schools;  apprenticed  to  a 
printer  in  Philadelphia;  served  in  the  War  of  1812; 
located  in  Milton,  Pa.,  in  1816,  establishing  a 
political  journal,  with  which  he  was  connected  for 
over  twenty  years;  member  of  the  state  house  of 
representatives  1828-1831;  elected  as  a  WThig  to  the 


BIOGRAPHIES. 


659 


Twenty -eighth  Congress  and  served  from  March  4, 
1843,  until  his  death  in  Washington,  D.  C.,  March 
1,  1844. 

Fries,  George,  a  Representative  from  Ohio; 
native  of  Pennsylvania;  attended  the  public 
schools;  studied  medicine  and  practiced  in  Han- 
overton,  Ohio;  elected  to  the  Twenty-ninth  and 
Thirtieth  Congresses  (March  4,  1845-March  3, 
1849);  died  in  Hanoverton,  Ohio,  November  13, 
1866. 

Fromentin,  Eligius,  a  Senator  from  Louisiana; 
born  in  France;  pursued  classical  studies;  studied 
law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar  and  practiced  in 
New  Orleans;  elected  to  the  United  States  Senate 
and  served  from  March  4,  1813,  to  March  3,  1819; 
appointed  judge  of  the  criminal  court  of  New 
Orleans  in  1821;  appointed  United  States  district 
judge  for  the  district  of  Florida  in  January,  1822, 
but  soon  resigned  and  resumed  the  practice  of  law 
in  New  Orleans;  died  in  New  Orleans,  La.,  Octo- 
ber 6,  1822. 

Frost,  George,  a  Delegate  from  New  Hamp- 
shire; born  in  Newcastle,  N.  H.,  April  26,  1720; 
attended  the  public  schools;  entered  business  in 
Kittery  Point,  near  Portsmouth;  followed  the  sea 
for  twenty  years;  returned  to  Newcastle  in  1760, 
and  in  1770  moved  to  Durham;  judge  of  the  court 
of  common  pleas  of  Strafford  county  1773-1791; 
served  as  chief  justice  several  years;  delegate  in 
the  Continental  Congress  1777-1779;  executive 
councilor  1781-1784;  died  in  Durham,  N.  H.,  June 
21,  1796. 

Frost,  Joel,  a  Representative  from  New  York; 
native  of  Westchester  county,  N.  Y.;  attended  the 
public  schools;  member  of  the  state  house  of  rep- 
resentatives in  1806-1808;  surrogate  of  Putnam 
county  1812-1813, 1815-1819,  and  1821-1822;  mem- 
ber of  the  state  constitutional  convention  of  1821; 
moved  to  Schenectady;  elected  to  the  Eighteenth 
Congress  (March  4,  1823-March  3,  1825). 

Frost,  Richard  Graham,  a  Representative 
from  Missouri;  born  in  St.  Louis,  Mo.,  December 
29,  1851;  attended  St.  John's  College,  New  York 
City,  and  the  University  of  London,  England,  and 
the  St.  Louis,  Mo.,  law  school;  was  admitted  to  the 
bar  and  practiced  in  St.  Louis,  Mo.;  unsuccessfully 
contested  as  a  Democrat  the  election  of  Lyne  S. 
Metcalfe  to  the  Forty-fifth  Congress;  elected  as  a 
Democrat  to  the  Forty -sixth  Congress  (March  4, 
1879-March  3, 1881);  presented  credentials  as  Mem- 
ber-elect to  the  Forty-seventh  Congress,  and  served 
from  March  4,  1881,'until  March  2,  1883,  when  he 
was  succeeded  by  Gustavus  Sessinghaus,  who  con- 
tested his  election;  died  in  St.  Louis,  Mo.,  Feb- 
ruary 1,  1900. 

Frost,  Kufus  Smith,  a  Representative  from 
Massachusetts;  born  in  Marlboro,  N.  H.,  July  18, 
1826;  moved  to  Boston,  Mass.,  in  1833,  where  he 
attended  the  public  schools;  entered  upon  a  mer- 
cantile career;  mayor  of  Chelsea,  Mass.,  in  1867- 
1868;  member  of  the  state  senate  in  1871-1872,  and 
of  the  governor's  council  1873-1874;  presented  cre- 
dentials as  a  Member-elect  to  the  Forty-fourth  Con- 
gress, and  served  from  March  4,  1875,  until  July  28, 
1876,  when  he  was  succeeded  by  Josiah  G.  Abbott, 
who  contested  his  election;  president  of  the  na- 
tional association  of  woolen  manufacturers  for  seven 
years,  of  the  Boston  board  of  trade  for  two  years, 
and  of  the  New  England  conservatory  of  music  for 
eight  years;  delegate  in  the  Republican  national 


convention  of  1892;  died  in  Chicago,  111.,  March 
6,  1894. 

Fry,  Jacob,  jr.,  a  Representative  from  Penn- 
sylvania; born  in  Trappe,  Pa.,  June  10, 1802;  clerk 
of  courts  of  Montgomery  county  1830^1833;  at- 
tended the  public  schools;  taught  school  in  Trappe, 
Pa.;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Twenty-fourth 
and  Twenty-fifth  Congresses  (March  4, 1835-March 

3,  J839) ;  engaged  in  mercantile  business  in  Trappe, 
Pa.;  elected  to  the  state  assembly  in  1853,  and 
served  two  terms;  auditor-general  of  Pennsylva- 
nia 1856-1860;  died  in  Trappe,  Pa.,  November 
28,  1866. 

Fry,  Joseph,  jr.,  a  Representative  from  Penn- 
sylvania; native  of  that  state;  elected  to  the 
Twentieth  and  Twenty-first  Congresses  (March  4, 
1827-March  3,  1831). 

Frye,  William  Pierce,  a  Representative  and  a 
Senator  from  Maine;  born  in  Lewiston,  Me.,  Sep- 
tember 2,  1831 ;  was  graduated  from  Bowdoin  col- 
lege in  1850;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar, 
and  practiced ;  member  of  the  state  legislature  in 
1861-1862,  and  1867;  mayor  of  the  city  of  Lewiston 
in  1866-1867 ;  attorney  general  of  the  state  of  Maine 
1867-1869;  elected  a  trustee  of  Bowdoin  college  in 
June,  1880;  presidential  elector  in  1864;  delegate 
to  the  Republican  national  conventions  in  1872, 
1876,  and  1880;  elected  chairman  of  the  Republi- 
can state  committee  of  Maine  in  November,  1881; 
elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Forty-second,  and 
to  the  five  succeeding  Congresses,  and  served  from 
March4, 1871,  to  March  17,  1881,  when  he  resigned ; 
elected  to  the  United  States  Senate,  to  fill  vacancy 
caused  by  the  resignation  of  James  G.  Elaine;  re- 
elected  in  1883,  1888,  1895,  1901,  and  1907,  and 
served  from  March  18, 1881,  until  has  death;  elected 
President  of  the  Senate  pro  tempore  February  7, 
1896;  reelected  March  7,  1901,  and  December  5, 
1907 1  and  served  as  such  until  his  death;  member 
of  the  commission  which  met  in  Paris  September, 
1898,  to  adjust  terms  of  peace  between  the  United 
States  and  Spain;  died  in  Lewiston,  Me.,  August 
8,  1911. 

Fulkerson,  Abram,  a  Representative  from  Vir- 
ginia; born  in  Washington  county,  Va.,  May  13, 
1834;  was  graduated  from  the  Virginia  military  in- 
stitute; studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and 
practiced;  entered  the  Confederate  service  in 
March,  1861,  as  a  captain;  promoted  to  major, 
lieutenant  colonel,  and  colonel;  elected  to  the 
house  of  delegates  of  Virginia  in  1871-1873,  and  to 
the  senate  of  Virginia  in  1877-1879;  elected  as  a 
Readjuster  to  the  Forty-seventh  Congress  (March 

4,  1881-March  3,  1883);    resumed  the  practice  of 
law  after  leaving  Congress;    died  in  Bristol,  Va., 
December  17,  1902. 

Fulkerson,  Frank  Ballard,  a  Representative 
from  Missouri;  born  near  Edinburg,  Grundy 
county,  Mo.,  March  5,  1866,  and  eight  months  later 
moved  with  his  parents  to  a  farm  near  Higginsville, 
Lafayette  county,  Mo.;  attended  the  district 
school,  and  was  graduated  from  Westminster  col- 
lege, Fulton,  Mo.,  in  1888;  taught  school  for  two 
years,  and  then  entered  the  law  department  of  the 
University  of  Michigan,  taking  the  junior  year's 
work;  was  graduated  from  the  law  department  of 
the  Missouri  state  university  in  June,  1892;  prac- 
ticed in  Warrensburg,  Holden,  and  St.  Joseph, 
Mo.;  elected  and  served  two  years  as  city  attorney 
of  Warrensburg,  two  years  as  prosecuting  attorney 
of  Johnson  county,  and  two  years  as  city  attorney 


660 


CONGRESSIONAL   DIRECTORY. 


of  Hold  en;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Fifty- 
ninth  Congress  (March  4,  1905-March  3,  1907);  de- 
feated for  reelection  to  the  Sixtieth  Congress;  Re- 
publican candidate  for  attorney  general  in  1908, 
but  was  defeated ;  unsuccessful  candidate  for  mayor 
of  St.  Joseph,  Mo.,  in  1908;  resumed  the  practice 
of  law  in  St.  Joseph,  Mo. 

Fuller,  Benoni  Stinson,  a  Representative 
from  Indiana;  born  in  Warwick  county,  Ind.,  No- 
vember 13,  1825;  attended  the  common  schools 
and  taught  school;  sheriff  in  1856  and  1858;  mem- 
ber of  the  state  house  of  representatives  1866-1868; 
served  in  the  state  senate  1862,  1870,  and  1872; 
elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Forty-fourth  and 
Forty-fifth  Congresses  (March  4,  1875-March  3, 
1879);  died  in  Boonville,  Ind.,  April  14,  1903. 

Fuller,  Charles  Eugene,  a  Representative 
from  Illinois;  born  near  Belvidere,  Boone  county, 
111.,  March  31, 1849;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to 
the  bar  of  Illinois  in  1870;  city  attorney  of  Belvi- 
dere two  terms;  state's  attorney  for  Boone  county 
one  term;  representative  in  the  general  assembly 
three  terms;  member  of  the  state  senate  two  terms; 
circuit  judge  for  six  years;  in  1898  raised  a  regi- 
ment for  the  war  with  Spain  and  was  commissioned 
colonel;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Fifty- 
eighth,  and  to  the  three  succeeding  Congresses 
(March  4,  1903-March  3,  1911).  Reelected  to  the 
Sixty-second  Congress. 

Fuller,  George,  a  Representative  from  Penn- 
sylvania; born  in  Norwich,  Conn.,  November  7, 
1802;  attended  the  public  schools;  engaged  in  mer- 
cantile pursuits;  served  as  county  treasurer;  elected 
as  a  Democrat  to  the  Twenty-eighth  Congress,  to  fill 
vacancy  caused  by  the  death  of  Almon  H.  Read, 
and  served  from  December  2,  1844,  to  March  3, 
1845;  editor  of  Montrose,  Pa.,  Democrat;  treasurer 
of  Susquehanna  county;  member  of  Republican 
party  during  last  twenty-five  years  of  his  life;  died 
in  Scranton,  Pa.,  November  24,  1888. 

Fuller,  Henry  M.,  a  Representative  from  Penn- 
sylvania; born  in  Bethany,  Pa.,  January  3,  1820; 
pursued  classical  studies,  and  was  graduated  from 
Nassau  Hall,  Princeton,  in  1839;  studied  law,  was 
admitted  to  the  bar,  and  began  practice  in  Wilkes- 
barre;  elected  to  the  state  legislature  in  1848; 
elected  as  a  Whig  to  the  Thirty-second  Congress 
(March  4,  1851-March  3,  1853);  defeated  for  the 
Thirty-third  Congress;  reelected  to  the  Thirty- 
fourth  Congress  (March  4,  1855-March  3,  1857); 
died  in  Philadelphia,  Pa.,  December  26,  1860. 

Fuller,  Philo  C.,  a  Representative  from  New 
York;  member  of  the  state  house  of  representa- 
tives in  1829  and  in  1830;  served  in  the  state  sen- 
ate in  1831  and  1832;  elected  as  a  Whig  to  the 
Twenty-third  and  Twenty-fourth  Congresses,  and 
served  from  March  4, 1833,  until  September  2, 1836, 
when  he  resigned;  Second  Assistant  Postmaster 
General  1841-1843;  comptroller  of  New  York  from 
December  18,  1850,  to  January  1,  1852;  died  in 
Geneva,  N.  Y.,  August  16,  1855. 

Fuller,  Thomas  James  Duncan,  a  Representa- 
tive from  Maine;  born  in  Hard  wick,  Caledonia 
county,  Vt.,  March  17,  1808;  attended  the  public 
schools;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and 
began  practice  in  Calais,  Me. ;  elected  to  the  Thirty- 
first,  and  to  the  three  succeeding  Congresses  (March 
4,  1849-March  3,  1857);  appointed  by  President 
Buchanan  Second  Auditor  of  the  Treasury,  and 
served  from  April  15, 1857,  to  August  3, 1861;  prac- 


ticed law  in  Washington,  D.  C.;  died  in  Fauquier 
county,  Va.,  February  13,  1876. 

Fuller,  Timothy,  a  Representative  from  Massa- 
chusetts; born  in  Chilmark,  Mass.,  July  11,  1778; 
was  graduated  from  Harvard  college  in  1801; 
taught  at  Leicester  academy;  studied  law  in 
Worcester,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  began 
practice  in  Boston,  residing  in  Cambridge;  mem- 
ber of  the  state  senate  1813-1817,  and  of  the  state 
house  of  representatives  in  1825;  elected  as  a 
Democratic  Republican  to  the  Fifteenth,  Six- 
teenth, Seventeenth,  and  Eighteenth  Congresses 
(March  4,  1817-March  3,  1825);  state  councilor  in 
1828;  again  elected  to  the  state  house  of  repre- 
sentatives; died  in  Groton,  Mass.,  October  1,  1835. 

Fuller,  William  Elijah,  a  representative  from 
Iowa;  born  in  Howard,  Center  county,  Pa.,  March 
30,  1846;  attended  Upper  Iowa  university  and  the 
State  university;  was  graduated  from  the  law  de- 
partment of  the  State  university  in  June,  1870; 
neld  a  position  in  the  office  of  Indian  Affairs, 
Department  of  the  Interior,  1866-1867;  member  of 
the  Iowa  house  of  representatives  1876-1877; 
member  of  the  Republican  state  and  congressional 
committees;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Forty- 
ninth  and  Fiftieth  Congresses  (March  4,  1885- 
March  3,  1889);  assistant  attorney-general  Spanish 
Treaty  claims  commission  1901-1907;  engaged  in 
the  banking  business  and  resides  in  West  Union. 
Ohio. 

Fuller,  William  Kendall,  a  representative  from 
New  York;  born  in  Schenectady,  N.  Y.,  Novem- 
ber 24,  1792;  attended  the  common  schools  and 
was  graduated  from  Union  college  in  1810;  studied 
law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  practiced  in 
Schenectady;  adjutant  general  of  New  York  in 
1823;  district  attorney  of  Madison  county  1821- 
1829;  member  of  the  state  legislature  in  1829-1830; 
elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Twenty-third  and 
Twenty -fourth  Congresses  (March  4,  1833-March 
3,  1837);  died  in  Schenectady,  N.  Y.,  November 
11,  1883. 

Fullerton,  David,  a  Representative  from  Penn- 
sylvania; born  in  the  Cumberland  Valley,  Penn- 
sylvania, October  4,  1772;  attended  the  public 
schools;  located  in  Greencastle;  member  of  the 
state  senate;  elected  to  the  Sixteenth  Congress  and 
served  from  March  4,  1819,  until  1820,  when  he 
resigned;  declined  a  renomination ;  president  of 
a  bank  at  Greencastle,  Pa.,  where  he  died  February 
1,  1843. 

Fulton,  Andrew  S.,  a  Representative  from 
Virginia;  born  near  Wytheville,  Va.;  attended  the 
public  schools;  elected  as  a  Whig  to  the  Thirtieth 
Congress  (March  4,  1847-March  3,  1849). 

Fulton,  Charles  William,  a  Senator  from  Ore- 
gon; born  in  Lima,  Ohio,  August  24,  1853;  went 
with  parents  to  Magnolia,  Iowa,  in  1855;  attended 
the  common  schools;  moved  to  Pawnee  City,  Nebr., 
in  1871;  attended  an  academy;  studied  law  and 
was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  the  spring  of  1875;  went 
to  Oregon  and  located  in  Astoria  June,  1875;  elected 
to  the  state  senate  in  1878;  city  attorney  in  the 
early  eighties,  and  in  1888  was  a  presidential  elec- 
tor, carrying  to  Washington  the  vote  of  Oregon  and 
casting  it  for  President  Harrison;  elected  to  the 
state  senate  in  1890,  1898,  and  1902,  and  was  presi- 
dent in  the  sessions  of  1893  and  1901;  elected  as  a 
Republican  to  the  United  States  Senate,  and 
served  from  March  4,  1903,  until  March  3,  1909; 


BIOGRAPHIES. 


661 


offered  the  post  of  minister  to  China  by  President 
Taft  in  1909,  but  declined;  resumed  the  practice  of 
law  in  Astoria,  Oreg. 

Fulton,  Elmer  Lincoln,  a  Representative  from 
Oklahoma;  born  in  Magnolia,  Harrison  county, 
Iowa,  April  22,  1865;  moved  with  his  parents  to 
Pawnee  City,  Nebr.,  in  1870;  removed  to  Okla- 
homa; attended  the  public  schools  in  Pawnee  City 
and  took  a  partial  course  at  Tabor  college,  Tabor, 
Iowa;  elected  as  a  Democrat  upon  the  admission 
of  the  State  into  the  Union  to  the  Sixtieth  Con- 
gress, and  served  from  December  2;  1907,  until 
March  3, 1909;  resumed  the  practice  of  law  and  re- 
sides in  Oklahoma  City,  Okla. 

Fulton,  John  H.,  a  Representative  from  Vir- 
ginia; born  in  Abingdon,  Va.;  completed  prepara- 
tory studies;  elected  as  a  Whig  to  the  Twenty- 
third  Congress  (March  4,  1833-March  3,  1835); 
died  in  Abingdon,  Va.,  January  28,  1836. 

Fulton,  William  Savin,  a  Senator  from  Arkan- 
sas; born  in  Cecil  county,  Md.,  June  2,  1795;  pur- 
sued classical  studies  and  was  graduated  from  Bal- 
timore college  in  1813;  started  the  study  of  law 
under  William  Pinckney,  but  served  in  the  War 
of  1812  in  a  company  of  volunteers  at  Fort  Mc- 
Henry;  after  the  war  moved  to  Tennessee  and  re- 
sumed the  study  of  law  with  Felix  Grundy;  mili- 
tary secretary  to  General  Jackson  in  his  Florida 
campaign  in  1818;  moved  to  Alabama;  appointed 
by  President  Jackson  secretary  of  state  of  the  Ter- 
ritory of  Arkansas  in  1829;  governor  of  Arkansas 
1835-1836;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  United 
States  Senate  upon  the  admission  of  the  State  into 
the  Union,  and  served  from  September  18,  1836, 
until  his  death  in  Little  Rock,  Ark.,  August  15, 
1844. 

Funk,  Benjamin  Franklin,  a  Representative 
from  Illinois;  born  on  a  farm  in  Funks  Grove  town- 
ship, McLean  county,  111.,  October  17,  1838; 
attended  the  district  school  and  Wesleyan  univer- 
sity, Bloomington;  left  school  in  1862  to  enlist  in 
the  sixty-eighth  Illinois  iniantry  as  a  private,  and 
served  five  months;  returned  to  the  university 
and  finished  a  three-year  course;  engaged  in  farm- 
ing; moved  to  Bloomington,  111.,  in  1869;  elected 
mayor  in  1871,  and  reelected  six  times;  trustee  of 
the  asylum  for  the  blind  at  Jacksonville;  delegate 
in  the  Republican  national  convention  of  1888; 
elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Fifty-third  Con- 
gress (March  4,  1893-March  3,  1895);  died  in 
Bloomington,  111.,  February  14,  1909. 

Funston,  Edward  Hogue,  a  Representative 
from  Kansas;  born  in  Clarke  county,  Ohio,  Sep- 
tember 16,  1836;  attended  the  common  schools, 
New  Carlisle  academy,  and  Marietta  college; 
entered  the  army  in  1861  as  lieutenant,  sixteenth 
Ohio  battery;  participated  in  the  principal  engage- 
ments along  the  Mississippi  River;  mustered  out  in 
1865;  located  in  Kansas  in  1867;  elected  to  the 
Kansas  house  of  representatives  1873-1875;  speaker 
in  1875;  elected  to  the  state  senate  in  1880  for  four 
years  and  was  president  pro  tempore;  elected  as  a 
Republican  to  the  Forty-eighth  Congress,  to  fill 
vacancy  caused  by  the  death  of  Dudley  C.  Haskell; 
reelected  to  the  four  succeeding  Congresses,  and 
served  from  March  21, 1884,  to  March  3,  1893 ^pre- 
sented credentials  as  a  Member-elect  to  the  Fifty- 
third  Congress,  and  served  from  March  4, 1893,  until 
August  2, 1894,  when  he  was  succeeded  by  Horace 
L.  Moore,  who  contested  his  election;  died  in  lola, 
Kans.,  September  10,  1911. 


Fyan,  Robert  W.,  a  Representative  from  Mis- 
souri; born  in  Bedford  county,  Pa.,  March  11, 1835; 
studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar;  moved  to 
Missouri  in  1858;  entered  the  Union  army;  captain 
and  major  of  the  twenty-fourth  Missouri  volunteer 
infantry  and  colonel  of  the  forty-sixth  Missouri 
volunteer  infantry;  circuit  attorney  1865-1866;  cir- 
cuit judge  of  the  fourteenth  judicial  circuit  of  Mis- 
souri from  April,  1866,  to  January,  1883,  having 
four  years  to  serve  when  elected  to  Congress;  mem- 
ber of  the  Missouri  constitutional  convention  of 
1875;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Forty-eighth 
Congress  (March  4, 1883-March  3,  1885);  reelected 
to  the  Fifty-second  and  Fifty-third  Congresses 
(March  4,  1891-March  3,  1895);  resumed  the  prac- 
tice of  law  after  leaving  Congress;  died  in  Marsh- 
field,  Mo.,  July  28,  1896. 

Gadsden,  Christopher,  a  Delegate  from  South 
Carolina;  born  in  Charleston,  S.  C.,  in  1724; 
attended  preparatory  and  classical  schools  in 
England;  engaged  in  a  commercial  house  in  Phila- 
delphia, Pa.,  1742-1745;  delegate  in  the  Colonial 
Congress  that  met  in  New  York  in  1765,  and  to  the 
first  Continental  Congress  in  Philadelphia,  1774- 
1776;  an  officer  in  the  Continental  Army  in  the 
defence  of  Charleston,  1776-1780;  entered  the 
service  as  colonel  and  received  promotions  to  the 
rank  of  brigadier  general ;  was  a  framer  of  the  state 
constitution  of  1778;  lieutenant  governor  1778-1780; 
elected  governor  of  South  Carolina  in  1781,  but 
declined;  died  in  Charleston,  S.  C.,  August  28, 
1805. 

Gage,  Joshua,  a  Representative  from  Massa- 
chusetts; born  in  that  state  in  1763;  completed 
preparatory  studies;  moved  to  Augusta,  Me,  in 
1795;  member  of  the  state  house  of  represent- 
atives 1805  and  1807;  served  in  the  state  senate  in 
1813  and  1815;  treasurer  of  Kennebec  county, 
Me.,  21  years;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Fif- 
teenth Congress  (March  4,  1817-March  3,  1819); 
an  executive  councilor  in  1822  and  1823;  died  in 
Augusta,  Me.,  January  24,  1831. 

Gaillard,  John,  a  Senator  from  South  Carolina; 
born  in  St.  Stephens  district,  S.  C.,  September  5, 
1765;  elected  to  the  United  States  Senate,  to  fill 
vacancy  caused  by  the  resignation  of  Pierce  Butler, 
and  served  from  December  6,  1804,  until  his  death; 
President  of  the  Senate,  pro  tempore,  in  the 
Eleventh,  Thirteenth,  Fourteenth,  Fifteenth,  Six- 
teenth, Seventeenth,  Eighteenth  and  Nineteenth 
Congresses;  died  in  Washington,  D.  C.,  February 
26,  1826. 

Gaines,  John  Paul,  a  Representative  from 
Kentucky;  born  in  Augusta,  W\  Va.,  in  1795;  re- 
ceived a  thorough  English  training;  studied  law 
and  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  Walton,  where  he 
began  practice;  served  in  the  Mexican  war  as 
major  in  Gen.  Thomas  Marshall's  Kentucky  cavalry 
brigade,  and  served  as  aide-de-camp  on  the  staff 
of  Gen.  Winfield  Scott;  captured  at  Incarnacion  in 
January,  1847,  and  while  in  captivity  was  elected 
as  a  Whig  to  the  Thirtieth  Congress  (March  4, 
1847-March  3,  1849);  governor  of  Oregon  Territory 
1850-1853;  died  in  Marion  county,  Oreg.,  January 

4,  1858. 

<• 

Gaines,  John  Wesley,  a  Representative  from 
Tennessee;  born  near  Nashville,  Davidson  county, 
Tenn.,  August  24,  1861 ;  attended  the  country  com- 
mon schools,  in  which  he  also  taught;  studied  medi- 
cine and  was  graduated  from  the  University  of 
Nashville,  and  Vanderbilt  university  in  1882;  never 


662 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 


practiced  medicine,  but  the  next  day  after  gradu- 
ation took  up  the  study  of  law,  and  in  1884  was 
admitted  to  the  bar  and  commenced  practice  in 
Nashville;  elector  on  the  Cleveland  ticket  in  1892; 
elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Fifty-fifth,  Fifty- 
sixth,  Fifty-seventh,  Fifty-eighth,  Fifty-ninth,  and 
Sixtieth  Congresses  (March  4,  1897-March  3,  1909); 
defeated  for  reelection  to  the  Sixty-first  Congress; 
resumed  the  practice  of  law  in  Nashville,  Tenn. 

Gaines,  Joseph  Holt,  a  Representative  from 
West  Virginia;  born  in  the  District  of  Columbia 
September  3, 1864;  went  with  his  parents  to  Fayette 
county,  W.  Va.,  in  1867 ;  attended  the  University  of 
West  Virginia  and  was  graduated  from  Princeton  in 
1886;  admitted  to  the  bar  in  Fayetteville,  W.  Va., 
in  1887 ;  appointed  United  States  district  attorney 
for  West  Virginia  by  President  McKinley  in  1897; 
resigned  in  1901;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the 
Fifty-seventh,  Fifty-eighth,  Fifty-ninth,  Sixtieth, 
and  Sixty-first  Congresses  (March  4,  1901-March  3, 
1907);  defeated  for  reelection  to  the  Sixty-second 
Congress;  resumed  the  practice  of  law  in  Charles- 
ton, W.  Va. 

Gaines,  William  Embre,  a  Representative  from 
Virginia;  born  in  Charlotte  county,  Va.,  August  30, 
1844;  attended  the  common  schools;  when  the  Civil 
War  broke  out  in  1861 ;  enlisted  as  a  private  in  com- 
pany K,  eighteenth  Virginia  regiment  (Pickett's 
division) ;  reenlisted  in  the  Army  of  the  Cape  Fear 
and  surrendered  with  Johnson,  near  Greensboro, 
N.  C.,  in  April,  1865,  having  attained  the  rank  of 
adjutant  of  Manly 'a  artillery  battalion;  engaged  in 
business  and  banking  in  Burkeville,  Va. ;  elected  as 
a  Republican  to  the  Virginia  state  senate  in  1883, 
and  served  three  years,  when  he  resigned ;  delegate 
in  the  national  convention  which  nominated 
Elaine  for  the  presidency  in  1884;  mayor  of  Burke- 
ville several  years,  and  delegate  to  several  state 
conventions;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Fif- 
tieth Congress  (March  4,  1887-March  3,  1889). 

Gaither,  Nathan,  a  Representative  from 
Kentucky;  born  near  Mocksville,  N.  C.,  in  1785; 
completed  preparatory  studies;  studied  medicine, 
was  graduated  from  Jefferson  medical  college,  and 
began  practice  in  Columbia,  Ky  ;  served  as 
assistant  surgeon  in  the  war  of  1812;  member  of 
the  state  house  of  representatives  1815-1818;  presi- 
dential elector  on  the  Jackson  and  Calhoun  ticket 
in  1829;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Twenty-first 
and  Twenty-second  Congresses  (March  4,  1829- 
March  3,  1833);  delegate  in  the  state  constitu- 
tional convention  of  1849;  again  elected  to  the 
state  legislature;  died  in  Columbia,  Ky.,  August 
12,  1862. 

Galbraith,  John,  a  Representative  from  Penn- 
sylvania; born  in  Huntingdon  county,  Pa., 
August  2,  1794;  attended  the  public  schools; 
studied  law  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar;  served 
in  the  state  house  of  representatives  several  terms; 
elected  to  the  Twenty-third  and  Twenty-fourth 
Congresses  (March  4, 1833-March  3, 1837);  reelected 
to  the  Twenty-sixth  Congress  (March  4, 1839-March 
3,  1841);  appointed  president  judge  for  the  sixth 
judicial  district;  died  in  Erie,  Pa.,  June  15,  1860. 

Gale,  George,  a  Representative  from  Mary- 
land; native  of  that  state;  attended  the  common 
schools;  elected  to  the  First  Congress  (March  4, 
1789-March  3,  1791). 

Gale,  Levin,  a  Representative  from  Maryland; 
born  in  Cecil  county,  Md.,  in  1824;  attended  the 


common  schools;  elected  to  the  Twentieth  Con- 
gress (March  4,  1827-March  3,  1829);  died  in  Balti- 
more, Md.,  April  28,  1875. 

Gallagher,  Thomas,  a  Representative  from 
Illinois;  born  in  Concord,  N.  H.,  in  1850;  moved 
to  Chicago  in  1866;  attended  the  public  schools; 
learned  the  trade  of  iron  moulder;  entered  the 
hat  business  in  Chicago  in  1878;  director  of  the 
Cook  county  state  savings  bank;  twice  a  member  of 
city  council  of  Chicago,  and  was  for  six  years  a 
member  of  the  board  of  education;  president  of 
the  county  Democracy,  chairman  of  the  county 
central  committee  of  the  Democratic  party  of 
Cook  county,  and  a  member  of  the  executive 
committee;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Sixty- 
first  Congress  (March  4,  1909-March  3,  1911).  Re- 
elected  to  the  Sixty-second  Congress. 

Gallatin,  Albert,  a  Senator  and  a  Represent- 
ative from  Pennsylvania;  born  in  Geneva,  Switzer- 
land, January  29,  1761;  was  graduated  from  the 
University  of  Geneva  in  1779;  emigrated  to 
America  and  located  in  Boston,  Mass.,  in  1780; 
served  in  the  Revolutionary  army;  instructor  of 
French  in  Harvard  college  in  1782;  moved  to 
Virginia  in  1785  and  located  on  a  tract  of  land  in 
Fayette  county  (now  in  Pennsylvania),  which  he 
purchased;  his  estate  becoming  a  portion  of  Penn- 
sylvania, he  was  made  a  member  of  the  Penn- 
sylvania constitutional  convention  of  1789;  mem- 
ber of  the  state  house  of  representatives  1790-1792; 
presented  credentials  to  the  United  States  Senate, 
and  on  December  2,  1793,  when  he  attempted  to 
take  his  seat,  it  was  claimed  he  had  not  been  a  citi- 
zen of  the  United  States  a  sufficient  length  of  time, 
and  on  February  28, 1794,  his  election  was  declared 
void ;  elected  a  member  of  the  Pennsylvania  state 
house  of  representatives,  but  declined;  elected  as  a 
Democrat  to  the  Fourth,  Fifth,  and  Sixth  Con- 
gresses (March  4,  1795-March  3,  1801);  appointed 
Secretary  of  the  Treasury  by  President  Jefferson 
January  26,  1802;  reappointed  by  President  Madi- 
son and  held  the  position  until  February  9,  1814, 
when  appointed  one  of  the  commissioners  to  nego- 
tiate the  treaty  of  Ghent,  which  was  signed  Decem- 
ber 24,  1814;  one  of  the  commissioners  which  nego- 
tiated a  commercial  convention  with  Great  Britain 
in  1816;  appointed  United  States  minister  to 
France  by  President  Madison  in  1815  and  served 
until  1823;  minister  plenipotentiary  to  Great 
Britain  from  May  10,  1826,  until  October  4,  1827; 
returned  to  New  York  City  and  became  president 
of  the  National  Bank;  died  in  Astoria,  N.  Y., 
August  12,  1849. 

Gallegos,  Jose  Manuel,  a  Delegate  from  New 
Mexico  territory;  born  in  Rio  Arriba  county, 
N.  Mex.,  November  14,  1815;  attended  the  public 
schools;  studied  theology  at  the  College  of  Durango, 
Republic  of  Mexico,  and  was  graduated  in  1840; 
member  of  the  legislative  assembly  of  what  was 
then  the  department  of  New  Mexico,  Republic 
of  Mexico,  1843-1846;  member  of  the  first  legisla- 
tive assembly  of  the  territory  of  New  Mexico  in 
1850  and  1851;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Thirty- 
third  Congress  (March  4,  1853-March  3,  1855); 
presented  credentials  as  a  Delegate-elect  to  the 
Thirty-fourth  Congress  and  served  from  March  4, 
1855  until  July  23,  1856  when  he  was  succeeded 
by  Miguel  A.  Otero,  who  contested  his  election; 
speaker  of  the  territorial  house  of  representatives 
1860-1862;  treasurer  of  the  Territory  for  five  years; 
made  a  prisoner  of  war  by  the  Texas  Confederate 
troops  in  1862;  superintendent  of  Indian  affairs 


BIOGKAPHIES. 


663 


in  New  Mexico  in  1868;  reelected  as  a  Democrat 
a  Delegate  to  the  Forty-second  Congress  (March  4, 
1871-March  3,  1873);  died  about  1893. 

Gallinger,  Jacob  H.,  a  Representative  and 
a  Senator  from  New  Hampshire;  born  near  Corn- 
wall, Ontario,  March  28,  1837;  attended  the  com- 
mon schools,  and  completed  an  academic  course; 
became  a  printer  in  early  life;  studied  medicine 
and  was  graduated  from  the  Cincinnati,  Ohio, 
medical  institute  in  1858;  studied  abroad  for 
two  years;  returned  to  the  United  States  and 
engaged  in  the  practice  of  medicine  and  surgery  in 
Concord,  N.  H.,  in  April,  1862;  member  of  the 
state  house  of  representatives  in  1872-1873  and 
1891;  member  of  the  state  constitutional  conven- 
tion of  1876;  served  in  the  state  senate  in  1878, 
1879,  and  1880,  and  was  president  of  that  body 
the  last  two  years;  was  surgeon  general  of  New 
Hampshire  with  the  rank  of  brigadier  general  in 
1879-1880;  chairman  of  the  Republican  state  com- 
mittee 1882-1890,  when  he  resigned ;  again  elected 
to  the  position  in  1898,  1900,  1902,  1904,  and 
1906;  resigned  in  1908;  chairman  of  the  delega- 
tion from  New  Hampshire  in  the  Republican 
national  conventions  of  1888,  1900,  1904,  and  1908; 
chairman  of  the  Merchant  Marine  commission  of 
1904-1905;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Forty- 
ninth  and  Fiftieth  Congresses  (March  4,  1885- 
March  3,  1889);  declined  renomination  to  the 
Fifty-first  Congress;  elected  as  a  Republican  to 
the  United  States  Senate  for  the  term  beginning 
March  4,  1891;  reelected  in  1897,  1903,  and  in 
1909  for  the  term  expiring  March  3,  1915. 

Galloway,  Joseph,  a  Delegate  from  Pennsyl- 
vania; born  in  West  River,  Anne  Arundel  county, 
Md.,  in  1731;  moved  with  his  father  to  Pennsyl- 
vania in  1740;  received  a  liberal  schooling;  studied 
law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  began  prac- 
tice in  Philadelphia,  Pa.;  member  of  the  Penn- 
sylvania colonial  house  of  representatives  1757- 
1775  and  was  speaker  1766-1774;  Delegate  in  the 
Continental  Congress  in  1775;  remained  loyal  to  the 
King,  and  in  December,  1776,  joined  the  British 
army  of  General  Howe,  in  New  York;  moved  to 
England  in  1778;  the  same  year  the  general  assem- 
bly of  Pennsylvania  convicted  him  of  high  treason 
and  confiscated  his  property;  died  in  Watford, 
Herts,  England,  August  29,  1803. 

Galloway,  Samuel,  a  Representative  from'Ohio; 
born  in  Gettysburg,  Pa.,  March  22,  1812;  moved  to 
Ohio  and  located  in  Highland  county  in  1830;  was 
graduated  in  1833  from  the  Miami  university; 
attended  Princeton  theological  seminary  1835- 
1836;  was  a  teacher  in  Hamilton,  Ohio,  1836-1837, 
in  Miami  university  1837-1838,  and  in  Hanover 
college,  Ind.,  1839-1840;  studied  law;  in  1843 
admitted  to  the  bar  and  began  practice  in  Chilli- 
cothe,  Ohio;  elected  secretary  of  state  and  moved  to 
Columbus  in  1844;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the 
Thirty-fourth  Congress  (March  4,  1855-March  3, 
1857);  defeated  for  reelection  to  the  Thirty-fifth 
and  Thirty -sixth  Congresses;  died  in  Columbus, 
Ohio,  April  5,  1872. 

Gallup,  Albert,  a  Representative  from  New 
York;  born  in  New  Berne,  N.  Y.;  received  a  lim- 
ited schooling;  sheriff  of  Albany  county  1831-1834; 
elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Twenty-fifth  Con- 
gress (March  4,  1837-March  3,  1839);  defeated  for 
reelection;  appointed  by  President  Polk  collector 
of  customs  in  Albany;  died  in  Providence,  R.  I., 
in  1851. 


Gamble,  James,  a  Representative  from  Penn- 
sylvania; born  in  Jersey  Shore,  Lycoming  county, 
Pa.,  January  28,  1809;  attended  the  common 
schools;  studied  law  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar 
in  1833;  member  of  the  state  legislature  in  1841 
and  1842 ;  elected  as  aDemocrat  to  the  Thirty-second 
and  Thirty-third  Congresses(March  4, 1851-March  3, 
1855);  elected  president- judge  of  the  court  of  com- 
mon pleas  in  1869;  died  in  Williamsport,  Pa., 
March  22,  1883. 

Gamble,  John  B.,  a  Representative  from  South 
Dakota;  a  resident  of  Yankton,  S.  Dak. ;  elected  to 
the  Fifty-second  Congress  and  served  from  March 
4,  1891,  until  his  death  in  Yankton,  S.  Dak., 
August  14,  1891,  before  the  assembling  of  the  Con- 
gress. 

Gamble,  Robert  Jackson,  a  Representative 
and  a  Senator  from  South  Dakota;  born  near  Akron, 
Erie  county,  N.  Y.,  February  7,  1851;  moved  with 
his  parents  to  Fox  Lake,  Wis.,  in  1862;  was  gradu- 
ated from  Lawrence  university,  Appleton,  Wis., ' 
in  1874;  studied  law  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in 
1875;  located  in  Yankton,  S.  Dak.,  in  1875,  where 
he  engaged  in  practice;  district  attorney  for  the 
second  judicial  district  of  the  Territory  in  1880; 
city  attorney  of  Yankton  for  two  terms;  state  sena- 
tor in  1885  under  the  constitution  adopted  that 
year;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Fifty-fourth 
Congress  (March  4,  1895-March  3,  1897);  defeated 
for  reelection  to  the  Fifty-fifth  Congress;  reelected 
to  the  Fifty-sixth  Congress  (March  4, 1899-March  3, 
1901);  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  United 
States  Senate  January  23,  1901,  and  took  his  seat 
March  4,  1901,  reelected  in  1906  for  the  term  ex- 
piring March  3,  1913. 

Gamble,  Roger  Lawson,  a  Representative 
from  Georgia;  born  in  Jefferson  county,  Ga.,  in  1787; 
completed  preparatory  studies;  studied  law,  was 
admitted  to  the  bar  and  began  practice  in  Louis- 
ville, Ky.,  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Twenty- 
third  Congress  (March  4,  1833-March  3,  1835),  re- 
elected  as  a  Harrison  Whig  to  the  Twenty-seventh 
Congress  (March  4,  1841-March  3,  1843);  judge  of 
the  superior  court  of  Georgia;  died  in  Louisville, 
Ga.,  December  20,  1847. 

Gannett,  Barzillai,  a  Representative  from 
Massachusetts;  born  in  Bridgewater,  Mass.,  June 
17,  1764;  was  graduated  from  Harvard  college  in 
1785;  studied  law  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar; 
a  member  of  the  state  house  of  representatives  in 
1805-1806;  served  in  the  state  senate  in  1807  and 
1808;  elected  to  the  Eleventh  Congress  (March  4, 
1809-March  3,  1811);  died  in  New  York  in  1832. 

Gansevoort,  Leonard,  a  Delegate  from  New 
York;  born  in  Albany,  N.  Y.,  July  14, 1751;  studied 
law,  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1771;  colonel 
of  light  cavalry  in  the  revolutionary  war;  member 
of  the  Provincial  Congress  1775-1776;  President  of 
the  colonial  executive  in  1777;  Delegate  in  the 
Continental  Congress  1787-1788;  member  of  the 
council  of  appointment  of  the  commercial  conven- 
tion in  Annapolis,  Md.,  in  1786;  served  in  the 
state  senate  in  1891,  1792,  and  1793;  member  of 
state  assembly  1778-1779  and  1788;  judge  of  the 
probate  court  in  1799;  died  in  Albany,  N.  Y., 
August  26,  1810. 

Ganson,  John,  a  Representative  from  New 
York;  born  in  Leroy,  N.  Y.,  January  1,  1818;  was 
graduated  from  Harvard  college  in  1839;  studied 
law,  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  began  practice  in 


664 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 


Buffalo;  member  of  the  state  senate  in  1862  and 
1863;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Thirty-eighth 
Congress  (March  4,  1863-March  3,  1865);  delegate 
to  the  Republican  national  convention  in  Baltimore 
in  1864;  died  in  Buffalo,  N.  Y.,  September  28, 1874. 

Gantz,  Martin  Kissinger,  a  Representative 
from  Ohio;  born  in  Bethel  township,  Miami  county, 
Ohio,  January  28,  1862;  attended  the  common 
schools;  attended  college  in  Lebanon,  Ohio,  and 
was  graduated  from  the  Cincinnati  law  college  in 
1883;  elected  mayor  of  the  city  of  Troy;  elected  as 
a  Democrat  to  the  Fifty-second  Congress  (March  4, 
1891-March  3,  1893). 

Ga'rber,  Harvey  C.,  a  Representative  from 
Ohio;  born  in  Hill  Grove,  Darke  county,  Ohio; 
attended  the  public  schools  of  Greenville;  telegraph 
operator;  state  manager  of  the  Western  Union  tele- 
graph company;  then  superintendent  of  the  Central 
Union  telephone  company  for  Ohio,  and  for  years 
assistant  general  solicitor  for  the  same  company; 
representative  in  the  state  general  assembly  in 
1889  and  1891;  vice  chairman  of  the  Democratic 
state  central  committee  in  1900;  chairman  of  the 
Ohio  state  Democratic  committee  on  organization 
the  following  year,  and  chairman  of  the  Democratic 
state  executive  committee  in  1902;  elected  as  a 
Democrat  to  the  Fifty-eighth  and  "Fifty-ninth  Con- 
gresses (March  4,  1903-March  3,  1907). 

Gardenier,  Barent,  a  Representative  from 
New  York;  nativeof  Ulster  county,  N.  Y. ;  completed 
preparatory  studies;  held  several  local  offices;  elec- 
ted as  a  Federalist  to  the  Tenth  and  Eleventh 
Congresses  (March  4,  1807-March  3, 1811);  district 
attorney  from  March,  1813  to  April  1815;  died  in 
Kingston,  N.  Y.,  January  10,  1822. 

Gardner,  Augustus  Peabody,  a  Representa- 
tive from  Massachusetts;  born  in  Boston,  Mass., 
November  5,  1865;  was  graduated  from  Harvard 
college  in  1886;  member  of  state  senate  1900-1901; 
captain  and  assistant  adjutant  general  on  the  staff 
of  Gen.  James  H.  Wilson  during  the  Spanish- 
American  War;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the 
Fifty-seventh  Congress,  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by 
the  resignation  of  William  H.  Moody;  reelected  to 
the  Fifty-eighth,  Fifty-ninth,  Sixtieth,  and  Sixty- 
first  Congresses.  Reelected  to  the  Sixty-second  Con- 


Gardner,  Francis,  a  Representative  from  New 
Hampshire;  born  in  Leominster,  Mass.,  December 
27,  1771;  was  graduated  from  Harvard  college; 
studied  theology;  pastor  of  a  church  in  New  Hamp- 
shire; elected  to  the  Tenth  Congress  (March  4, 1807- 
March  3,  1809);  died  in  Roxbury,  Mass.,  June  25, 
1835. 

Gardner,  Gideon,  a  Representative  from 
Massachusetts;  born  in  Nantucket,  Mass.,  May  30, 
1759 ;  received  a  limited  schooling;  was  a  successful 
shipmaster,  and  later  became  a  ship  owner  and 
merchant;  elected  to  the  Eleventh  Congress  (March 
4,  1809-March  3,  1811);  died  in  Nantucket,  Mass., 
March  22,  1832. 

Gardner,  John  J.,  a  Representative  from  New 
Jersey;  born  in  Atlantic  county,  N.  J.,  October  17, 
1845;  enlisted  for  three  years  in  the  sixth  New 
Jersey  volunteers,  in  March,  1865,  and  for  one  year 
in  United  States  veteran  volunteers;  elected 
alderman  of  Atlantic  City  in  1867;  mayor  in  1868, 
and  reelected  seven  times;  coroner  of  county  one 
year;  city  councilman  one  year;  member  of  New 


Jersey  state  senate  fifteen  years,  from  1878  to  1893; 
elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Fifty-third,  and  to 
the  eight  succeeding  Congresses  (March  4,  1895- 
March  3,  1911).  Reelected  to  the  Sixty-second  Con- 
gress. 

Gardner,  Joseph,  a  Delegate  from  Pennsyl- 
vania; born  in  Honeybrook  township,  Chester 
county,  Pa.,  in  1752;  studied  and  practiced  medi- 
cine; raised  a  company  of  volunteers  in  1776  and 
commanded  the  fourth  battalion  militia  from 
Chester  county;  member  of  the  committee  of  safety 
1776-1777 ;  member  of  the  state  assembly  1776-1778 ; 
of  the  supreme  executive  council  1779;  sat  in  the 
Continental  Congress  1784-1785;  practiced  law  in 
Philadelphia,  Pa.,  1785-1792,  and  in  Elkton,  Md., 
1792-1794;  died  in  Elkton,  Md.,  in  1794. 

Gardner,  Mills,  a  Representative  from  Ohio; 
born  in  Russellville,  Brown  county,  Ohio,  Jan- 
uary 30,  1830;  moved  to  Fayette  county  in  1854; 
received  a  limited  schooling;  studied  law,  and 
in  1855  was  admitted  to  the  bar;  prosecuting  at- 
torney of  Fayette  county  for  four  years;  member 
of  the  Ohio  state  senate  1862-1864;  presidential 
elector  on  the  Lincoln  ticket  in  1864;  member  of 
the  state  house  of  representatives  1866-1868;  mem- 
ber of  the  state  constitutional  convention  in  1873; 
elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Forty-fifth  Congress 
(March  4,  1877-March  3,  1879);  resumed  the  prac- 
tice of  law  until  his  death;  died  in  Washington 
Court  House,  Ohio,  February  20,  1910. 

Gardner,  Washington,  a  Representative  from 
Michigan;  born  in  Morrow  county,  Ohio,  February 
16,  1845;  when  sixteen  years  of  age  entered  the 
Union  Army,  served  in  the  ranks  of  the  sixty-fifth 
Ohio  volunteer  infantry  from  October,  1861,  to 
December,  1865;  severely  wounded  in  action  in 
Resaca,  Ga.;  was  graduated  from  the  Ohio  Wes- 
leyan  university  1870;  studied  in  the  school  of  theo- 
logy, Boston  university,  1870-1871;  was  graduated 
from  the  Albany  law  school  in  1876;  was  admitted 
to  the  bar  and  practiced  law  one  year  in  Grand 
Rapids,  Mich.,  and  then  entered  the  ministry  of 
the  Methodist  Episcopal  church,  in  which  he  served 
twelve  years;  commander  of  the  Department  of 
Michigan,  Grand  Army  of  the  Republic,  in  1888; 
made  professor  in  and  public  lecturer  for  Albion 
college  in  1889;  appointed  secretary  of  state  of 
Michigan  in  March,  1894,  and  subsequently  twice 
elected;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Fifty-sixth, 
Fifty -seventh,  Fifty-eighth,  Fifty-ninth,  Sixtieth, 
and  Sixty-first  Congresses  (March  4,  1899-March  3, 
1911);  retired  and  a  resident  of  Albion,  Mich. 

Garfteld",  James  Abram,  a  Representative 
from  Ohio;  born  in  Orange,  Cuyahoga  county, 
Ohio,  November  19,  1831;  his  boyhood  was  spent 
in  working  on  a  farm,  aiding  in  the  support  of  his 
widowed  mother;  attended  district  school  about 
three  months  each  winter;  when  seventeen  was 
driver  and  helmsman  on  the  Ohio  canal;  entered 
Geauga  seminary  in  Chester,  Ohio,  in  March,  1849, 
and  at  the  close  of  the  fall  term  taught  a  district 
school;  attended  the  Eclectic  institute  in  Hiram, 
Ohio,  in  1851-1854;  was  graduated  from  Williams 
college  in  1858;  professor  of  ancient  languages  and 
literature  in  Hiram  college;  when  twenty-six  years 
of  age  made  president  of  Hiram  college,  which 
position  he  held  until  1861,  when  he  entered  the 
Union  Army;  lieutenant  colonel  of  the  forty-second 
Ohio  infantry  August  21,  1861;  colonel  November 
27, 1861;  brigadier  general  of  volunteers  January  11, 
1862;  major  general  September  19,  1863;  resigned 
December  5,  1863;  elected  to  the  Ohio  state  senate 


BIOGEAPHIES. 


665 


in  1859;  studied  law,  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar 
in  1860;  admitted  to  practice  in  the  Supreme  Court 
of  the  United  States  in  1866;  elected  as  a  Repub- 
lican to  the  Thirty-eighth,  and  to  the  eight  suc- 
ceeding Congresses,  and  served  from  March  4, 1863, 
until  November  8, 1880,  when  he  resigned;  in  Janu- 
ary, 1880,  elected  by  the  Ohio  legislature  a  United 
States  Senator  for  the  term  beginning  March  4, 1881, 
to  succeed  Allen  G.  Thurman,  but  resigned  De- 
cember 23,  1880;  on  the  8th  of  June,  1880,  in  the 
Chicago  Republican  national  convention  was  nomi- 
nated, and  on  November  4  following  was  elected 
President  of  the  United  States;  on  the  morning  of 
July  2, 1881,  while  passing  through  the  Pennsylva- 
nia depot,  Washington,  D.  C.,  was  shot  by  an  assas- 
sin; died  from  the  effects  of  the  wound  in  Elberon, 
N.  J.,  September  19,  1881;  interment  in  Lake  View 
cemetery,  Cleveland,  Ohio. 

Garfielde,  Selucius,  a  Delegate  from  Washing- 
ton Territory;  born  in  Shoreham,  Vt.,  December  8, 
1822;  moved  to  Kentucky;  pursued  an  academic 
course;  studied  law  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar; 
member  of  the  state  constitutional  convention  of 
1849 ;  emigrated  to  California  in  1851 ;  member  of  the 
California  state  legislature  in  1852;  elected  by  the 
legislature  to  codify  the  laws  of  the  state  in  1853; 
returned  to  Kentucky  in  1854;  member  of  the 
Cincinnati  national  convention  in  1856;  moved  to 
Washington  Territory  in  1857,  and  receiver  of  pub- 
lic moneys,  which  position  he  held  until  I860;-  de- 
feated as  a  candidate  on  the  Democratic  ticket  for 
Congress  in  1861 ;  surveyor  general  from  1866  to  1869 ; 
elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Forty-first  and  Forty- 
second  Congresses  (March  4,  1869-March  3,  1873). 

Garland,  Augustus  Hill,  a  Senator  from  Ar- 
kansas; born  in  Tipton  county,  Tenn.,  June  11, 
1832;  his  parents  moved  to  Hempstead  county, 
Ark.,  in  1833;  attended  St.  Mary's  college  and  St. 
Joseph's  college  in  Kentucky,  and  was  graduated 
from  the  latter  in  1849;  studied  law  and  was  ad- 
mitted to  practice  in  1853  in  Washington,  Ark.; 
moved  to  Little  Rock  in  1856;  elector  on  the  Bell 
and  Everett  ticket  in  1860;  Union  delegate  in  the 
state  convention  that  passed  the  ordinance  of  seces- 
sion in  1861;  member  of  the  provisional  congress 
that  met  in  Montgomery,  Ala.,  in  May,  1861,  and 
subsequently  of  the  Confederate  congress  and 
served  in  both  houses ;  elected  to  the  United  States 
Senate  for  the  term  beginning  March  4,  1867,  but 
not  admitted  to  his  seat,  as  Arkansas  had  not  been 
readmitted  to  representation;  argued  the  test-oath 
case  as  to  lawyers  in  the  Supreme  Court  of  the 
United  States  and  won  it  (see  Garland  ex  parte,  4 
Wallace);  followed  the  practice  of  law  until  the 
fall  of  1874,  when  elected  governor;  elected  as  a 
Democrat  in  January,  1876,  to  the  United  States 
Senate;  reelectecl  in  1883  and  served  from  March  4, 
1877,  until  March  6,  1885,  when  he  resigned  to  ac- 
cept the  position  of  Attorney  General  in  President 
Cleveland's  Cabinet,  and  served  from  March  9, 
1885,  to  March  5,  1889;  died  in  Washington,  D.  C., 
January  26,  1899. 

Garland,  David  S.,  a  Representative  from  Vir- 
ginia; native  of  that  state;  pursued  an  academic 
course;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and 
began  practice;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Elev- 
enth Congress,  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  the  resig- 
nation of  Wilson  C.  Nicholas,  and  served  from 
January  17,  1810,  to  March  3,  1811;  died  in  his 
home  in  Virginia  October  7,  1811. 

Garland,  James,  a  Representative  from  Vir- 
ginia; born  in  Nelson  county,  Va.,  June  6,  1791; 


pursued  preparatory  studies;  studied  law,  was  ad- 
mitted to  the  bar  and  began  practice  in  Lovingston, 
Va. ;  served  in  the  state  house  of  representatives  in 
1829;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Twenty-fourth, 
Twenty-fifth,  and  Twenty-sixth  Congresses  (March 
4,  1835-March  3,  1841);  moved  to  Lynchburg,  Va., 
and  was  judge  of  the  corporation  court  of  that  city 
for  nineteen  years;  again  elected  to  the  state  legis- 
lature in  1876;  died  in  Lynchburg,  Va.,  August  8, 
1885. 

Garland,  Rice,  a  Representative  from  Loui- 
siana; native  of  Virginia;  pursued  an  academic 
course;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and 
began  practice  in  Opelousas,  La.;  elected  as  a 
Whig  to  the  Twenty-third  Congress,  to  fill  vacancy 
caused  by  the  resignation  of  Henry  A.  Bullard; 
reelected  to  the  Twenty-fourth,  Twenty-fifth,  and 
Twenty-sixth  Congresses  and  served  from  April  28, 
1834,  to  July  21, 1840,  when  he  resigned,  to  accept 
the  appointment  of  judge  of  the  supreme  court  of 
Louisiana. 

Garner,  Alfred  Buckwalter,  a  Representative 
from  Pennsylvania;  born  in  Ashland,  Schuylkill 
county,  Pa. ;  attended  the  public  schools;  studied 
law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  practiced  in 
Ashland,  Pa. ;  member  of  the  state  legislature  1901- 
1910;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Sixty-first 
Congress  (March  4,  1909-March  3,  1911) ;  resumed 
the  practice  of  law  in  Ashland,  Pa. 

Garner,  John  Nance,  a  Representative  from 
Texas;  born  in  Red  River  county,  Tex.,  Novem- 
ber 22,  1868;  had  a  limited  schooling;  studied  law 
and  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  December,  1890, 
and  practiced  in  Uvalde,  Tex.;  served  in  the 
twenty-sixth  and  twenty-seventh  Texas  legisla- 
tures; judge  of  Uvalde  county  for  four  years;  dele- 
gate to  the  Democratic  national  convention  in 
1900  and  1904;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Fifty- 
eighth,  Fifty-ninth,  Sixtieth,  and  Sixty-first  Con- 
gresses (March  4,  1903-March  3,  1911).  Reelected 
to  the  Sixty-second  Congress. 

Garnett,  James  Mercer,  a  Representative 
from  Virginia;  born  in  Elmwood,  Essex  county, 
Va.,  June  8,  1770;  pursued  an  academic  course; 
served  several  terms  in  the  state  house  of  repre- 
sentatives; elected  to  the  Ninth  and  Tenth  Con- 
gresses (March  4,  1805-March  3,  1809);  delegate  to 
the  state  constitutional  convention  in  1829;  presi- 
dent of  the  Fredericksburg  agricultural  society  for 
twenty  years;  member  of  the  grand  jury  that  in- 
dicted Aaron  Burr  in  1807;  died  in  Elmwood,  Va., 
April  23,  1843. 

Garnett,  Muscoe  Russell  Hunter,  a  Repre- 
sentative from  Virginia;  born  in  Elmwood,  Essex 
county,  Va.,  July  25, 1821;  pursued  classical  studies 
and  was  graduated  from  the  University  of  Virginia, 
literary  department  1839,  law  department  1841; 
was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1841,  and  commenced 
practice  in  Lloyds,  Va.;  delegate  to  the  state  con- 
stitutional convention  in  1850;  member  of  the  state 
house  of  representatives,  1853-1856;  elected  as  a 
Democrat  to  the  Thirty-fourth  Congress,  to  fill 
vacancy  caused  by  the  death  of  Thomas  II.  Bay  ley ; 
reelected  to  the  Thirty-fifth  and  Thirty-sixth  Con- 
gresses and  served  from  December  1,  1856,  to  March 
3,  1861;  delegate  to  the  Democratic  national  con- 
vention in  Baltimore  in  1852  and  in  Cincinnati  in 
1856;  member  from  Virginia  to  the  first  Confederate 
congress;  died  in  Elmwood,  Va.,  February  14, 1864. 

Garnett,  Robert  Selden,  a  Representative 
from  Virginia;  born  in  Essex  county,  Va.,  April 


666 


CONGRESSIONAL   DIRECTORY. 


26,  1789;  pursued  an  academic  course;  studied 
law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  began  practice 
in  Lloyds,  Va.;  member  of  the  state  legislature; 
elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Fifteenth,  Sixteenth, 
Seventeenth,  Eighteenth,  and  Nineteenth  Con- 
gresses (March  4,  1817-March  3,  1827);  died  in 
Essex  county,  Va.,  August  15,  1840. 

Garnsey,  Daniel  G.,  a  Representative  from 
New  York;  born  in  Saratoga  county,  N.  Y.;  com- 
pleted preparatory  studies;  studied  law  and  was 
admitted  to  the  bar;  commenced  practice  in  Pom- 
fret,  N.  Y. ;  district  attorney  of  Chautauqua  county, 
June  11,  1818,  to  March  4,  1825;  elected  as  a  Jack- 
son Democrat  to  the  Nineteenth  and  Twentieth 
Congresses  (March  4,  1825-March  3,  1829);  moved 
to  Bock  Island,  111. ;  president  of  the  Harrison  cele- 
bration in  Galena,  111.,  July  4,  1840. 

Garrett,  Abraham  Ellison,  a  Representative 
from  Tennessee;  born  in  Overton,  Ky.,  March  6, 
1830;  attended  country  schools  and  Poplar  Springs 
college,  Kentucky;  studied  law,  but  followed  farm- 
ing; served  in  the  Union  army  during  the  Civil  war; 
elected  to  the  state  house  of  representatives  of  Ten- 
nessee in  1865;  served  in  the  state  senate  in  1867; 
elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Forty-second  Congress 
(March  4,  1871-March  3,  1873);  died  in  Carthage, 
Tenn.,  February  14,  1907. 

Garrett,  Finis  James,  a  Representative  from 
Tennessee;  born  near  Ore  Springs,  in  Weakley 
county,  Tenn.,  August  26,  1875;  attended  the  com- 
mon schools  and  was  graduated  from  Bethel  college, 
McKenzie,  Tenn.,  in  June,  1897;  engaged  in  teach- 
ing in  the  city  schools  of  Milan,  Tenn.;  studied  law 
and  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1899;  appointed 
master  in  chancery  September  14,  1900,  and  served 
until  January  24,  1905;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to 
the  Fifty-ninth,  Sixtieth,  and  Sixty-first  Congresses 
(March  4,  1905-March  3,  1911).  Reelected  to  the 
Sixty-second  Congress. 

Garrison,  Daniel,  a  Representative  from  New 
Jersey;  native  of  Salem,  N.  J. ;  pursued  an  academic 
course;  elected  to  the  Eighteenth  and  Nineteenth 
Congresses  (March  4,  1823-March  3,  1827). 

Garrison,  George  Tankard,  a  Representative 
from  Virginia;  born  in  Accomac  county,  Va.,  Jan- 
uary 14,  1835;  was  graduated  from  Dickinson  col- 
lege, Carlisle,  Pa.,  in  1853,  and  from  the  law  school 
of  the  University  of  Virginia  in  1857 ;  was  admitted 
to  the  bar  and  practiced  law  until  the  Civil  war; 
entered  the  Confederate  service  as  a  private;  soon 
thereafter  elected  to  the  state  legislature,  and  served 
in  that  body,  first  in  the  house  and  then  in  the  sen- 
ate, until  the  close  of  the  war;  practiced  law  and 
engaged  in  agriculture;  elected  judge  of  the  eighth 
Virginia  circuit  in  1870,  and  subsequently  judge  of 
the  seventeenth  circuit;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to 
the  Forty-seventh  Congress  (March  4,  1881-March 
3,  1883);  successfully  contested  the  election  of 
Robert  M.  Mayo  to  the  Forty-seventh  Congress; 
died  in  Accomac  Court  House,  Va.,  November 
14,  1889. 

Garrow,  Nathaniel,  a  Representative  from 
New  York;  born  in  Barnstable,  Mass.,  April  25, 
1780;  attended  the  public  schools;  followed  the  sea; 
moved  to  Auburn,  N.  Y.,  in  1796;  appointed 
justice  of  the  peace  in  1809;  sheriff  1815-1819  and 
again  in  1821-1826;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the 
Twentieth  Congress  (March  4, 1827-March  3,  1829); 
presidential  elector  in  1832;  United  States  marshal 
of  the  northern  district  of  New  York  from  Febru- 


ary, 1837,  to  March,  1841;  died  in  Auburn,  N.  Y., 
March  3,  1841. 

Garth,  William  Willis,  a  Representative  from 
Alabama;  born  in  Morgan  county,  Ala.,  October 
28,  1828;  pursued  classical  studies  in  Lagrange  and 
in  Emory  and  Henry  college,  Virginia;  studied 
law  in  the  University  of  Virginia,  was  admitted  to 
the  bar  and  commenced  practice  in  Huntsville,  Ala. ; 
lieutenant  colonel  on  the  staff  of  Gen.  Longstreet  in 
the  Confederate  army;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the 
Forty-fifth  Congress  (March  4, 1877-March  3,  1879); 
died  in  Huntsville,  Ala.,  February  25,  1912. 

Gartrell,  Lucius  Jeremiah,  a  Representative 
from  Georgia;  born  near  Washington,  Ga.,  January 
7,  1821;  pursued  classical  studies  in  Randolph- 
Macon  college,  Virginia,  and  Franklin  college, 
Georgia;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and 
practiced  in  Atlanta,  Ga.;  elected  in  1843  solicitor 
general  of  the  northern  judicial  circuit;  resigned 
in  1847;  member  of  the  state  house  of  represen- 
tatives, 1847-1850;  presidential  elector  on  the 
Buchanan  and  Breckinridge  ticket  in  1856;  elected 
as  a  Democrat  to  the  Thirty-fifth  and  Thirty-sixth 
Congresses,  and  served  from  March  4,  1857,  to 
January  23,  1861,  when  he  retired,  giving  his  ad- 
herence to  the  Southern  Confederacy;  elected  to 
the  first  Confederate  congress;  appointed  in  1864 
brigadier  general  in  the  Confederate  service;  died 
in  Atlanta,  Ga.,  April  7,  1891. 

Garvin,  William  Swan,  a  Representative  from 
Pennsylvania;  born  in  Mercer,  Pa.,  July  25,  1806; 
pursued  an  academic  course;  editor  of  the  Western 
Press,  in  Mercer,  for  50  years;  postmaster  at  Mer- 
cer in  1837;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Twenty- 
ninth  Congress  (March  4,  1845^March  3,  1847);  in- 
spector in  Pittsburgh,  Pa.;  again  appointed  post- 
master at  Mercer  in  1865;  died  in  Mercer,  Pa., 
February  20,  1883. 

Gary,  Frank  Boyd,  a  Senator  from  South  Caro- 
lina; born  in  Cokesbury,  Abbeville  county,  S.  C., 
March  9,  1860;  attended  the  Cokesbury  conference 
school  and  Union  college,  Schenectady,  N.  Y.; 
studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  practiced 
in  Abbeville,  S.  C.;  member  of  the  state  legis- 
lature 1890-1900;  member  of  the  state  constitu- 
tional convention  of  1895;  three  times  elected 
speaker  of  the  house  of  representatives,  1895-1900; 
was  for  a  number  of  years  Democratic  chairman  of 
Abbeville  county;  again  elected  a  member  of  the 
legislature  in  1906;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the 
United  States  Senate,  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by 
the  death  of  Asbury  C.  Latimer,  and  served  from 
March  6, 1908,  to  March  3, 1909;  judge  of  the  eighth 
judicial  circuit  court  and  resides  in  Abbeville, 
S.  C. 

Gaston,  Athelston,  a  Representative  from 
Pennsylvania;  born  in  Castile,  N.  Y.,  April  24, 
1838;  moved  with  his  parents  to  Crawford  county, 
Pa.,  in  1854;  attended  the  common  schools;  en- 
gaged in  farming  and  was  a  lumber  merchant; 
mayor  of  Meadville  in  1891;  reelected  in  1892  for  a 
term  of  three  years;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the 
Fifty-sixth  Congress  (March  4,  1899-March  3, 1901); 
killed  while  on  a  hunting  trip  in  Canada,  Septem- 
ber 23,  1907. 

Gaston,  William,  a  Representative  from  North 
Carolina;  born  in  New  Bern,  N.  C.,  September  19, 
1778;  pursued  classical  studies  and  attended  George- 
town college,  Washington,  D.  ('.,  and  was  graduated 
from  Princeton  in  1796;  studied  law,  was  admitted 


BIOGRAPHIES. 


667 


to  the  bar  in  1798;  member  of  the  state  senate  in 
1800;  member  of  the  state  house  of  commons  in 
1808  and  1809,  and  served  as  speaker  in  1808;  pres- 
idential elector  in  1809;  elected  as  an  anti-Adminis- 
tration candidate  to  the  Thirteenth  and  Fourteenth 
Congresses  (March  4,  1813-March  3,  1817);  again 
elected  a  member  of  the  state  house  of  commons  in 
1827;  judge  of  the  supreme  court  of  North  Caro- 
lina in  1834,  holding  the  position  until  his  death; 
member  of  the  state  constitutional  convention  of 
1835;  declined  the  nomination  to  the  United  States 
Senate  in  1840;  died  in  Raleigh,  N.  C.,  January 
23,  1844. 

Gates,  Seth  Merrill,  a  Representative  from 
New  York;  bom  in  Winfield,  N.  Y.,  October  16, 
1800;  attended  the  public  schools;  studied  law, 
was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1827,  and  commenced 
practice  in  Le  Roy,  N  .Y. ;  member  of  the  state  house 
of  representatives  in  1832;  declined  a  reelection; 
purchased  the  Le  Roy  Gazette  in  1838,  editing  it 
for  several  years;  elected  as  an  Anti-Slavery  Whig 
to  the  Twenty-sixth  and  Twenty-seventh  Con- 
gresses (March  4,  1839-March  3,  1843);  defeated  as 
the  Free  Soil  candidate  for  lieutenant  governor  of 
New  York  in  1848;  died  in  LeRoy,  N.  Y.,  Septem- 
ber 1,  1877. 

Gatlin,  Alfred  M.,  a  Representative  from  North 
Carolina;  native  of  Eden  ton,  N.C. ;  pursued  classical 
studies,  and  was  graduated  from  the  University  of 
North  Carolina;  elected  to  the  Eighteenth  Con- 
gress (March  4,  1823-March  3,  1825). 

Gause,  Lucien  C.,  a  Representative  from  Ar- 
kansas; born  in  Brunswick  county,  N.  C.,  Decem- 
ber 25,  1838;  moved  to  Lauderdale  county,  Tenn.; 
attended  the  public  schools  and  the  University  of 
Virginia;  studied  law  and  was  graduated  from 
Cumberland  college,  Tenn.,  was  admitted  to  the 
bar,  and  commenced  practice  in  Jacksonport,  Ark., 
in  1859;  served  throughout  the  Civil  war  in  the 
Confederate  army,  and  retired  with  rank  of  colonel; 
resumed  practice  in  1865  in  Jacksonport;  member 
of  the  state  legislature  in  1866;  commissioner  to 
represent  the  state  government  at  Washington; 
unsuccessful  contestant  in  the  Forty-third  Con- 
gress; elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Forty-fourth 
and  Forty-fifth  Congresses  (March  4,  1875-March 
3,  1879). 

Gay,  Edward  James,  a  Representative  froin 
Louisiana;  born  in  Liberty,  Bedford  county,  Va., 
February  3,  1816;  went  with  parents  in  1820  to 
Illinois,  and  then  to  St.  Louis,  Mo.,  in  1824;  spent 
several  years  under  a  private  instructor  in  Belle- 
ville, 111.,  and  in  1833-1834  attended  Augusta  col- 
lege, Kentucky;  engaged  in  commercial  affairs  in 
St.  Louis  1838-1860;  went  to  Louisiana  and  en- 
gaged in  commercial  manufacturing  and  agricul- 
tural pursuits;  first  president  of  the  Louisiana 
sugar  exchange  in  New  Orleans;  elected  as  a  Demo- 
crat to  the  Forty-ninth,  Fiftieth,  and  Fifty-first 
Congresses,  and  served  from  March  4,  1885  until 
his  death  on  the  St.  Louis  plantation,  Iberville 
parish,  La.,  May  30,  1889. 

Gayle,  John,  a  Representative  from  Alabama; 
born  in  Sumpter  District,  S.  C.,  September  11, 
1792;  pursued  classical  studies  and  was  graduated 
from  the  South  Carolina  university;  studied  law, 
was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced  practice 
in  Mobile,  Ala.,  in  1813;  member  of  the  territorial 
legislature  in  1817;  solicitor  of  the  first  judicial  dis- 
trict in  1819;  judge  of  the  state  supreme  court  in 
1823;  speaker  of  the  state  house  of  representatives 


in  1829;  governor  of  Alabama  1831-1835;  defeated 
as  presidential  elector  in  1836  and  1840 ;  elected  as 
a  Whig  to  the  Thirtieth  Congress  (March  4,  1847- 
March  3,  1849);  appointed  United  States  district 
judge  of  Alabama  in  1849;  died  near  Mobile,  Ala., 
July  28,  1859. 

Gayle,  June  Ward,  a  Representative  from 
Kentucky;  born  in  New  Liberty,  Owen  county, 
Ky.,  February  22,  1865;  attended  Concord  college, 
New  Liberty,  Ky.,  and  finished  his  course  in 
Georgetown  college,  Georgetown,  Ky.;  .deputy 
sheriff  for  several  years,  and  in  1892  elected  high 
sheriff  of  Owen  county;  reelected  in  1894,  and  in 
1899  a  candidate  for  auditor  of  state;  elected  as  a 
Democrat  to  the  Fifty-sixth  Congress,  to  fill  vacancy 
caused  by  the  death  of  Evan  E.  Settle,  and  served 
from  January  15,  1900,  to  March  3,  1901;  engaged 
in  the  banking  business  in  Owenton,  Ky. 

Gaylord,  James  Madison,  a  Representative 
from  Ohio;  born  in  Zanesville,  Ohio,  May  29,  1811; 
moved  to  McConnelsville,  Ohio,  in  1818;  attended 
the  common  schools  and  the  university  in  Athens, 
Ohio;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and 
practiced;  appointed  clerk  of  the  court  of  common 
pleas  in  1834;  clerk  of  the  supreme  court  until 
1849;  elected  to  the  Thirty-second  Congress  (March 
4,  1851-March  3,  1853);  at  the  expiration  of  his 
term  in  Congress  he  was  elected  probate  judge;  ap- 
pointed deputy  United  States  marshal  in  1860; 
elected  justice  of  the  'peace  in  1865,  and  by  suc- 
cessive reelections  was  continued  in  that  office 
until  his  death  in  McConnelsville,  Ohio,  June 

14,  1874. 

Gazley,  James  William,  a  Representative 
from  Ohio;  born  in  New  York  City,  N.  Y.,  July 
23,  1784;  pursued  an  academic  course;  studied 
law  in  Poughkeepsie,  N.  Y. ;  was  admitted  to  the 
bar,  and  commenced  practice  in  Cincinnati,  Ohio, 
in  1809;  elected  as  a  Jackson  Free-Statesman  to 
the  Eighteenth  Congress  (March  4,  1823-March  3, 
1825);  defeated  for  the  Nineteenth  Congress;  died 
in  Cincinnati,  Ohio,  June  8,  1874. 

Gear,  John  Henry,  a  Representative  and  a 
Senator  from  Iowa;  born  in  Ithaca,  N.  Y.,  April  7, 
1825;  attended  the  common  schools;  moved  to 
Galena,  111.,  in  1836,  to  Fort  Snelling,  Iowa  Terri- 
tory, in  1838,  and  to  Burlington  in  1843,  where  he 
engaged  in  mercantile  pursuits;  elected  mayor  of 
the  city  of  Burlington  in  1863;  member  of  the 
Iowa  house  of  representatives  and  served  as  speaker 
two  terms;  governor  of  Iowa  1878-1879,  and  1880- 
1881;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Fiftieth 
and  Fifty-first  Congresses  (March  4,  1887-March 
3,  1891);  reelected  "to  the  Fifty-third  Congress 
(March4, 1893-March3, 1895);  elected  to  the  United 
States  Senate  in  1895,  and  reelected  for  the  term 
in  1901,  and  served  from  March  4,  1895,  until  his 
death  in  Washington,  D.  C.,  July  14,  1900. 

Gearin,  John  McDermeid,  a  Senator  from 
Oregon;  born  in  Umatilla  county,  Oreg.,  August 

15,  1851;  attended  St.  Mary's  college,  San  Fran- 
cisco, from  1863  to  1867,  and  was  graduated  from 
Notre  Dame  university,  Indiana    in  1871;  began 
the  study  of  law  in  1871;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in 
1873  and  practiced   in  Portland,  Oreg.;   member 
of  the  state  legislature  in  1874;  city  attorney  of 
Portland  in  1875;  district  attorney  for  Multnomah 
county  in  1884,  and  served  two  years;  unsuccess- 
ful  Democratic   candidate  for  Congress  in  1878; 
when  the  celebrated  opium  frauds  were  unearthed, 
in  1893,  was  appointed  by  President  Cleveland  as 


668 


CONGRESSIONAL   DIRECTORY. 


special  prosecutor  for  the  Government  in  the  cases; 
appointed  as  a  Democrat  to  the  United  States  Sen- 
ate, to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  the  death  of  John  H. 
Mitchell,  and  served  from  December  13, 1905,  until 
January  23,  1907;  resumed  the  practice  of  law  in 
Portland,  Oreg. 

Geary,  Thomas  J.,  a  Representative  from  Cal- 
ifornia; born  in  Boston,  Mass.,  January  18,  1854; 
moved  with  his  parents  to  California  in  April,  1863; 
studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1877,  and 
engaged  in  practice  in  Santa  Rosa,  Cal. ;  elected  dis- 
trict attorney  of  Sonoma  county,  Cal.,  in  1882,  and 
served  two  years;  elected  as  a  Democrat  and  Amer- 
ican to  the  Fifty-first  Congress,  to  fill  vacancy 
caused  by  the  resignation  of  John  J.  De  Haven; 
reelected  to  the  Fifty-second  and  Fifty-third  Con- 
gresses, and  "served  from  December  9,  1890,  to 
March  3,  1895;  resumed  the  practice  of  law  in 
Santa  Rosa,  Cal. 

Gebhard,  John,  a  Representative  from  New 
York;  native  of  Claverack,  N.  Y.;  attended  the 
public  schools;  surrogate  of  Schoharie  county 
1811-1813,  and  again  from  1815  to  1822;  elected 
to  the  Seventeenth  Congress  (March  4,  1821-March 
3,  1823). 

Geddes,  George  Washington,  a  Representa- 
tive from  Ohio;  born  in  Mount  Vernon,  Ohio,  July 
16,  1824;  attended  the  common  schools;  studied 
law  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  July,  1845; 
judge  of  the  court  of  common  pleas  of  the  sixth 
judicial  district  in  1856,  and  reelected  in  1861; 
after  serving  ten  years  on  the  bench  he  returned  to 
legal  practice  until  1868,  when  he  was  again  elected 
judge  of  the  same  court  for  five  years;  again 
returned  to  the  practice;  Democratic  candidate  for 
supreme  judge  in  1871;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to 
the  Forty-sixth,  Forty-seventh,  Forty-eighth,  and 
Forty-ninth  Congresses  (March  4,  1879-March  3, 
1887);  died  in  Mansfield,  Ohio,  November  9,  1892. 

Geddes,  James,  a  Representative  from  New 
York;  born  near  Carlisle,  Pa.,  July  22,  1763; 
attended  public  schools;  moved  to  Onondaga, 
N.  Y.,  in  1794;  justice  of  the  peace  in  1800;  mem- 
ber of  the  state  house  of  representatives  in  1804 
and  1822;  associate  justice  of  the  county  court  in 
1809;  judge  of  the  court  of  common  pleas  in  1809; 
elected  as  a  Federalist  to  the  Thirteenth  Congress 
(March  4,  1813-March  3,  1815);  appointed  chief 
engineer  of  the  Ohio  canal  in  1822;  engineer  on  the 
Chesapeake  and  Ohio  canal  in  1827 ;  died  in  Geddes, 
N.  Y.,  August  19,  1838. 

Geissenhainer,  Jacob  Augustus,  a  Repre- 
sentative from  New  Jersey;  born  in  New  York  City 
in  1841;  was  graduated  from  Columbia  college; 
studied  law  in  Yale  and  was  graduated  from  the 
New  York  university;  admitted  to  the  bar  and 
commenced  practice  in  New  York  City  in  1863; 
elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Fifty-first,  Fifty-sec- 
ond and  Fifty-third  Congresses  (March  4,  1889- 
March  3,  1895). 

Gentry,  Meredith  Poindexter,  a  Representa- 
tive from  Tennessee;  born  in  Rockingham  county, 
N.  C.,  September  15,  1809;  completed  preparatory 
studies;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and 
commenced  practice  in  Franklin,  Tenn.;  member 
of  the  state  house  of  representatives  1835-1839; 
elected  as  a  Whig  to  the  Twenty-sixth  and  Twenty- 
seventh  Congresses  (March  4, 1839-March  3, 1841); 
reelected  to  the  Twenty-ninth,  Thirtieth,  Thirty- 
first,  and  Thirty-second  Congresses  (March  4. 1845- 


March  3,  1853);  member  of  the  first  and  second 
Confederate  congresses;  died  in  Harpeth,  Tenn., 
November  2,  1867;  interment  in  Mount  Olivet 
cemetery,  Nashville,  Tenn. 

George,  James  Zachariah,  a  Senator  from 
Mississippi;  born  in  Monroe  county,  Ga.,  October 
20,  1826;  moved  to  Mississippi  with  his  mother 
when  a  lad;  attended  the  public  schools;  joined 
the  Mississippi  Rifles,  commanded  by  Col.  Jeffer- 
son Davis,  in  1846,  and  served  through  the  Mexi- 
can war;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and 
commenced  practice  in  Jackson,  Miss.;  compiled 
five  volumes  of  the  Mississippi  state  reports; 
enlisted  in  the  Confederate  service  in  1861,  and 
commanded  a  regiment  of  cavalry;  chairman  of 
the  Democratic  state  committee  in  1875  and  1876; 
chosen  to  the  supreme  bench,  and  was  elected 
chief  justice  by  his  associates;  elected  as  a  Demo- 
crat to  the  United  States  Senate;  reelected  in  1886, 
and  again  in  January,  1892,  and  served  from  March 
4,  1881,  until  his  death;  member  of  the  constitu- 
tional convention  of  the  state  of  Mississippi  in  1890; 
died  in  Jackson,  Miss.,  August  14,  1897. 

George,  Melvin  Clark,  a  Representative  from 
Oregon;  born  in  Noble  county,  Ohio,  May  13,  1849; 
attended  Santiam  academy  and  Willamette  uni- 
versity, Oregon;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the 
bar,  and  commenced  practice  in  Portland,  Oreg., 
in  1875;  member  of  the  state  senate  from  Mult- 
nomah  district  for  four  years;  received  all  the  votes 
of  the  Republican  senators  for  president  of  the  state 
senate  in  the  session  of  1878;  elected  as  a  Republi- 
can to  the  Forty-seventh  and  Forty-eighth  Con- 
gresses (March  4,  1881-March  3,  1885)'. 

German,  Obadiah,  a  Senator  from  New  York; 
born  in  Dutchess county,  N.  Y.,  in  1767;  completed 
preparatory  studies;  moved  to  Norwich,  Chenango 
county,  N.  Y.,  in  1792;  member  of  the  state  house 
of  representatives  in  1798,  1804-1805,  1807-1809; 
elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  United  States  Senate, 
and  served  from  March  4,  1809,  to  March  3,  1815; 
county  judge  1815-1819;  again  elected  a  member 
of  the  state  house  of  representatives  in  1819  and 
served  as  speaker;  held  several  local  offices  in 
Chenango  county,  including  that  of  first  judge; 
became  an  ardent  Whig;  died  in  Norwich,  N.  Y., 
September  24,  1842. 

^  Gerry,  Elbridge,  a  Delegate  and  a  Representa- 
tive from  Massachusetts;  born  in  Marblehead, 
Mass.,  July  17,  1744;  pursued  classical  studies  and 
was  graduated  from  Harvard  college  in  1762; 
engaged  in  commercial  pursuits;  member  of  the 
colonial  house  of  representatives  1772-1775;  Dele- 
gate in  the  Continental  Congress  1776-1780  and 
1783-1785;  signer  of  the  Declaration  of  Independ- 
ence; delegate  to  the  constitutional  convention  of 
the  United  States,  held  in  New  York  in  1789; 
refused  to  sign  the  instrument,  insisting  it  gave  the 
President  too  much  power;  elected  as  a  Federalist 
to  the  First  and  Second  Congresses  (March  4,  1789- 
March  3,  1793);  sent  to  France  on  a  secret  mission 
in  1797;  defeated  as  the  Democratic  candidate  for 
governor  in  1801;  elected  in  1810  and  1811,  and 
again  defeated  in  1812;  elected  Vice-President  of 
the  United  States  as  a  Democrat  on  the  ticket  with 
James  Madison  in  1812;  and  served  from  March  4, 
1813,  until  his  death  in  Washington,  D.  C.,  Novem- 
ber23, 1814;  interment  in  the  Congressional  ceme- 
tery in  Washington,  D.  C. 

Gerry,  Elbridge,  a  Representative  from  Maine; 
born  in  Waterford,  Me.,  December  6,  1813;  pur- 


BIOGEAPHIES. 


669 


sued  an  academic  course;  studied  law,  was  admitted 
to  the  bar  in  1839,  and  began  practice  in  Water- 
ford  ;  clerk  of  the  state  house  of  representatives  in 
1840 ;  state  attorney  for  Oxford  county  in  1842  and 
1843;  member  of  the  state  house  of  representatives 
in  1846;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Thirty-first 
Congress  (March  4,  1849-March  3, 1851);  moved  to 
Portland,  Me.,  where  he  continued  practice;  died 
in  Portland,  Me.,  April  10,  1886. 

Gerry,  James,  a  Representative  from  Pennsyl- 
vania; born  in  Cecil  county,  Maryland,  August  14, 
1796;  pursued  an  academic  course;  was  graduated 
from  West  Nottingham  academy;  studied  medicine 
and  attended  the  university  of  Maryland  and  com- 
menced practice  in  Shrewsbury,  Pa.,  in  1824; 
elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Twenty-sixth  and 
Twenty-seventh  Congresses  (March  4,  1839-March 
3, 1843) ;  resumed  the  practice  of  medicine  until 
1870,  when  he  retired;  died  in  Shrewsbury,  York 
county,  Pa.,  July  19,  1873. 

Gervais,  John  L.,  a  Delegate  from  South  Caro- 
lina; native  of  that  state;  sat  in  the  Continental 
Congress  1782-1783. 

Gest,  William.  Harrison,  a  Representative 
from  Illinois;  born  in  Jacksonville,  111.,  January 
7,  1838;  moved  to  Rock  Island  in  1842;  attended 
Williams  college,  Massachusetts,  and  was  grad- 
uated in  the  class  of  1860;  elected  as  a  Republican 
to  the  Fiftieth  and  Fifty-first  Congresses  (March  4, 
1887-March  3,  1891);  elected  one  of  the  circuit 
judges  of  the  fourteenth  judicial  district  of  Illinois. 

Getz,  James  Lawrence,  a  Representative  from 
Pennsylvania;  born  in  Reading,  Pa.,  September  14, 
1821 ;  pursued  an  academic  course;  studied  law,  was 
admitted  to  the  bar,  and  practiced  in  Reading;  for 
over  twenty-five  years  editor  of  the  Reading  Ga- 
zette and  Democrat;  member  of  the  state  house  of 
representatives  in  1856  and  1857,  one  year  as  speaker 
of  the  house;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Fortieth, 
Forty-first  and  Forty-second  Congresses  (March  4, 
1867-March  3,  1873);  city  comptroller  of  Reading; 
died  in  Reading,  Pa.,  December  25,  1892. 

Geyer^Henry  Sheffie,  a  Senator  from  Missouri; 
born  in  Frederick  county,  Md.,  December  9,  1790; 
pursued  an  academic  course;  studied  law,  was 
admitted  to  the  bar  in  1811,  and  practiced  in  Fred- 
ericktown  until  May  2,  1813;  enlisted  as  first  lieu- 
tenant in  the  thirty-sixth  Maryland  regiment  of 
infantry;  located  in  St.  Louis,  Mo.,  in  1815,  and 
practiced  law ;  member  of  the  territorial  assembly 
in  1818;  delegate  to  the  state  constitutional  con- 
vention in  1820;  member  of  the  state  house  of 
representatives  1818-1824;  and  served  the  last  year 
as  speaker;  declined  the  portfolio  of  Secretary  of 
war  tendered  by  President  Fillmore  in  1850 ;  elected 
to  the  United  States  Senate,  and.  served  from  March 
4, 1851,  to  March  3.  1857;  one  of  the  counsel  in  the 
Dred  Scott  case;  died  in  St.  Louis,  Mo.,  March  5, 
1859. 

Gholson,  James  Herbert,  a  Representative 
from  Virginia;  born  in  Gholson ville,  Va.,  in  1798; 
pursued  an  academic  course,  and  was  graduated 
from  Princeton  college  in  1820;  studied  law,  was 
admitted  to  the  bar  and  began  practice  in  Percivals, 
Va.,  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Twenty-third 
Congress  (March  4,  1833-March  3,  1835);  judge 'of 
the  circuit  court  for  the  Brunswick  circuit  for  many 
years;  died  in  Brunswick  county,  Va.,  July  2, 1848. 

Gholson,  Samuel  Jameson,  a  Representative 
from  Mississippi;  born  in  Madison  county,  Ky., 


May  19,  1808;  pursued  classical  studies;  studied 
law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  began  practice 
in  Athens,  Miss.;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the 
Twenty-fourth  Congress,  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by 
the  death  of  David  Dickson;  presented  credentials 
as  a  member-elect  to  the  Twenty-fifth  Congress 
and  served  from  March  4, 1837,  to  January  31,  1838, 
when  the  seat  was  declared  vacant;  subsequently 
elected  to  fill  vacancy  thus  caused  and  served  from 
May  30,  1838,  to  March  3,  1839;  appointed  United 
States  district  judge  for  Mississippi  in  1839;  ap- 
pointed June  1,  1864,  brigadier-general  in  the  Con- 
federate army;  died  in  Aberdeen,  Miss.,  October 
16, 1883. 

Gholson,  Jr.,  Thomas,  a  Representative  from 
Virginia;  born  in  Brunswick,  Va.;  pursued  an  aca- 
demic course;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar 
and  began  practice  in  Brunswick  county,  Va.; 
elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Tenth  Congress,  to  fill 
vacancy  caused  by  the  death  of  John  Claiborne;  re- 
elected  to  the  Eleventh,  Twelfth,  Thirteenth,  and 
Fourteenth  Congresses,  and  served  from  Novem- 
ber 7,  1808,  until  his  death  in  Brunswick  county, 
Va.,  July  4,  1816. 

Gibbons,  William,  a  Delegate  from  Georgia; 
born  in  Bear  Bluff,  S.  C.,  April  8,  1726;  studied  Taw 
in  Charleston,  S.  C.,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and 
practiced  in  Savannah,  Ga.;  in  1774  joined  the 
Sons  of  Liberty  and  on  May  11, 1775,  was  one  of  the 
party  that  broke  open  the  magazine  in  Savannah 
and  removed  600  pounds  of  the  King's  powder;  Del- 
egate in  the  Provincial  Congress  of  July,  1775,  and 
on  December  11,  1775,  was  chosen  a  member  of  the 
committee  of  safety ;  member  of  the  executive  coun- 
cil in  1779;  delegate  in  the  Continental  Congress 
1784-1786;  associate  justice  of  Chatham  county  in 
1786;  speaker  of  the  state  house  of  representatives 
in  1787;  president  of  the  state  constitutional  con- 
vention of  1789;  died  in  Rhode  Island,  September 
27,  1800. 

Gibson,  Charles  Hopper,  a  Representative 
and  a  Senator  from  Maryland;  born  in  Queen  Anne 
county,  Md.,  January  19,  1842;  attended  Center- 
ville  academy,  the  Archer  school  in  Harford 
county,  and  was  graduated  from  Washington  col- 
lege, Chestertown,  Md.;  studied  law,  was  ad- 
mitted to  the  bar  in  1864,  and  commenced  prac- 
tice in  Easton,  Md.;  appointed  by  President  John- 
son in  1867  collector  of  internal  revenue  for  the 
Eastern  Shore  district,  but  his  nomination  was 
rejected  by  a  majority  of  one  vote;  appointed  in 
1869  auditor  and  commissioner  in  chancery,  which 
offices  he  resigned  in  1870  to  accept  the  appoint- 
ment of  state  attorney  for  Talbot  county;  elected 
in  1871  and  1875  j  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the 
Forty-ninth,  Fiftieth,  and  Fifty-first  Congresses 
(March  4,  1885-March  3,  1891);  appointed,  and 
subsequently  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  United 
States  Senate,  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  the  death 
of  Ephraim  K.  Wilson,  and  served  from  Novem- 
ber 19, 1891  to  March  3, 1897;  resumed  the  practice 
of  law;  died  in  Washington,  D.  C.,  March  31,  1900. 

Gibson,  Eustace,  a  Representative  from  West 
Virginia;  born  in  Culpeper  county,  Va.,  October 
4,  1842 ;  attended  the  common  schools;  studied  law, 
was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced  practice 
in  1861;  enlisted  in  the  Confederate  army  June, 
1861,  as  first  lieutenant;  made  captain  in  1863,  and 
retired  on  account  of  wounds;  member  of  the  con- 
stitutional convention  of  Virginia  in  1867-1868; 
settled  in  Huntington,  W.  Va.,  in  1871;  elected  to 
the  house  of  delegates  of  West  Virginia  in  1876, 


670 


CONGRESSIONAL   DIEECTOEY. 


and  served  as  speaker;  presidential  elector  on  the 
Hancock  ticket  in  1880;  elected  as  a  Democrat 
to  the  Forty-eighth  and  Forty-ninth  Congresses 
(March  4,  1883-March  3,  1887);  resumed  the  prac- 
tice of  law;  died  in  Clifton  Forge,  Va.,  December 
10,  1900;  interment  in  Spring  Hill  cemetery, 
Huntington,  W.  Va. 

Gibson,  Henry  Richard,  a  Representative 
from  Tennessee;  born  on  Kent  Island,  Queen  Anne 
county,  Md.,  December  24,  1837;  attended  the 
schools  of  Bladensburg,  Md.,  and  was  graduated 
from  Hobart  college,  Geneva,  N.  Y.,  in  1862; 
served  in  the  commissary  department  of  the  Union 
army  from  March,  1863,  to  July,  1865;  in  Septem- 
ber, 1865;  entered  the  Albany,  N.  Y.,  law  school; 
was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  December,  1865,  and 
began  practice  in  Knoxville,  Tenn.,  in  January, 
1866;  in  October,  1866,  moved  to  Jacksboro,  Camp- 
bell county,  Tenn.;  appointed  commissioner  of 
claims  by  Governor  William  G.  Brownlow  in  1868; 
delegate  to  the  state  constitutional  convention  in 
1869;  elected  member  of  the  state  senate  in  1870; 
elected  a  member  of  the  state  house  of  represent- 
atives in  1874;  moved  back  to  Knoxville  in  1876; 
founded  the  Knoxville  Republican  in  1879  and 
became  its  editor;  appointed  post-office  inspector 
in  1881;  became  editor  of  the  Knoxville  Daily 
Chronicle  in  1882;  appointed  United  States  pen- 
sion agent  at  Knoxville  in  1883;  elected  chancel- 
lor of  the  second  division  of  Tennessee  in  1886; 
professor  of  medical  jurisprudence  in  the  Tennes- 
see medical  college  in  1889;  elected  as  a  Repub- 
lican to  the  Fifty-fourth,  Fifty-fifth,  Fifty-sixth, 
Fifty-seventh  and  Fifty-eighth  Congresses  (March 
4,  1895-March  3,  1905);  consulting  editor  of  the 
American  and  English  encyclopedia  of  law  and 
practice  and  resides  in  Knoxville,  Tenn. 

Gibson,  James  King,  a  Representative  from 
Virginia;  born  in  Abingdon,  Va.,  February  18, 
1812;  attended  the  common  schools;  went  to 
Limestone  county,  Ala.,  in  1833,  and  engaged  in 
business;  returned  to  Virginia,  and  was  deputy 
sheriff  of  Washington  county  1834-1835;  postmas- 
ter of  Abingdon  1838-1849;  engaged  in  farming; 
elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Forty-first  Congress 
(March  4,  1869-March  3,  1871);  died  in  Abingdon, 
Va.,  March  30,  1879. 

Gibson,  Paris,  a  Senator  from  Montana;  born 
in  Brownfield,  Oxford  county,  Me.,  July  1,  1830; 
was  graduated  from  Bowdoin  college  in  1851,  and 
soon  after  elected  a  representative  to  the  state  legis- 
lature of  Maine;  located  in  Minneapolis,  Minn., 
in  1858,  and  in  connection  with  W.  W.  Eastman 
built  the  first  flour  mill  of  that  city;  later  built  and 
operated  the  "North  Star"  woolen  mill  in  the  same 
place;  located  in  Fort  Benton,  Mont.,  in  1879, 
where  he  became  interested  in  the  first  flock  of 
sheep  driven  into  northern  Montana;  founded  the 
city  of  Great  Falls  in  1882,  of  which  he  was  the  first 
mayor;  delegate  to  the  state  constitutional  con- 
vention in  1889;  elected  to  the  state  senate  in 
1890;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  United  States 
Senate  March  7, 1901,  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  the 
resignation  of  William  A.  Clark,  and  served  from 
March  7,  1901,  to  March  3,  1905. 

Gibson,  Randall  Lee,  a  Representative  and  a 
Senator  from  Louisiana;  born  in  Spring  Hill,  near 
Versailles,  Woodford  county,  Ky.,  September  10, 
1832;  attended  schools  of  Woodford  county,  Lex- 
ington, Ky.,  and  Terre  Bonne  parish,  La.;  was 
graduated  from  Yale  college  in  1853,  and  from  the 
law  department  of  the  University  of  Louisiana  in 


1855;  served  in  the  Confederate  army  through  the 
different  grades  to  the  command  of  a  division;  after 
the  war  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  practiced  in 
New  Orleans,  La.,  and  was  also  a  planter;  unsuc- 
cessfully contested  the  election  of  Lionel  A.  Shel- 
don to  the  Forty-third  Congress;  elected  as  a 
Democrat  to  the  Forty-fourth,  Forty-fifth,  Forty- 
sixth,  and  Forty-seventh  Congresses  (March  4, 
1875-March  3,  1883);  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the 
United  States  Senate;  reelected  in  1889  and  served 
from  March  4,  1883,  until  his  death,  in  Hot  Springs, 
Ark.,  December  15,  1892;  interment  in  Lexing- 
ton, Ky. 

Giddings,  De  Witt  C.,  a  Representative  from 
Texas;  born  in  Susquehanna  county,  Pa.,  July  18, 
1827;  pursued  an  academic  course;  studied  law  in 
Honesdale,  Pa.,  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  Texas 
in  1852,  and  began  practice  in  Brenham,  Tex.; 
served  throughout  the  Civil  war  in  the  Confed- 
erate army;  member  of  the  state  constitutional 
convention  of  1866;  successfully  contested  as  a 
Democrat  the  election  of  William  T.  Clark  to  the 
Forty-second  Congress,  and  served  from  May  13, 
1872,  to  March  3, 1873;  reelected  to  the  Forty-third 
Congress  (March  4,  1873-March  3,  1875);  again 
elected  to  the  Forty-fifth  Congress  (March  4,  1877- 
March  3,  1879). 

Giddings,  Joshua  Reed,  a  Representative  from 
Ohio;  born  in  Tioga  Point  (now  Athens),  Pa.,  Oc- 
tober 6,  1795;  moved  to  Ohio  and  located  in  Ash- 
tabula  county;  served  in  the  War  of  1812;  com- 
pleted preparatory  studies ;  taught  school;  studied 
law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1821,  and  began 
practice  in  Jefferson,  Ohio;  member  of  the  state 
house  of  representatives  in  1826;  elected  as  an  Anti- 
Slavery  Whig  to  the  Twenty-fifth  Congress,  to  fill 
vacancy  caused  by  the  resignation  of  Elisha  Whit- 
tlesey;  reelected  to  the  Twenty-sixth  and  Twenty- 
seventh  Congresses  and  served  from  December  3, 
1838,  until  March  22,  1842,  when  he  resigned, 
after  a  vote  of  censure  had  been  passed  upon  him 
by  the  House;  subsequently  elected  to  the  Twenty- 
seventh  Congress,  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  his 
own  resignation;  reelected  to  the  twenty-eighth, 
and  to  the  seven  succeeding  Congresses,  and  served 
from  December  5,  1842,  until  March  3,  1859;  ap- 
pointed consul  general  to  Canada  by  President 
Lincoln;  died  in  Montreal,  Canada,  May  27,  1864. 

Giddings,  Napoleon  Bonaparte,  a  Delegate 
from  Nebraska  territory;  born  in  Clark  county, 
Ky.,  January  2,  1816;  moved  with  his  parents  to 
Fayette,  Howard  county,  Mo.,  in  1828;  attended 
the  common  schools;  chief  clerk  in  the  auditor's 
office  of  the  republic  of  Texas;  served  as  acting 
auditor  until  his  resignation  in  1838;  studied  law, 
and  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1841;  served  in 
the  Mexican  war  as  .captain  of  company  A,  Second 
Missouri  mounted  volunteers;  after  the  close  of 
the  war  edited  the  Union  Flag,  the  first  paper 
published  in  Franklin  county;  settled  in  Savan- 
nah, Mo.;  elected  to  the  Thirty-third  Congress, 
and  served  from  January  5, 1855,  to  March  3, 1857; 
was  lieutenant-colonel  of  the  Fifty-first  Missouri 
volunteer  infantry  during  the  Civil  war;  died  in 
Savannah,  Mo.,  August  3,  1897. 

Gifford,  Oscar  Sherman,  a  Delegate  and  a  Rep- 
resentative from  South  Dakota;  born  in  Watertown, 
N.  Y.,  October  20,  1842;  attended  the  common 
schools  and  pursued  an  academic  course;  served 
in  the  Union  army  as  private  in  the  Elgin  (111.) 
battery  1863-1865;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to 
the  bar  in  1870,  and  practiced;  elected  district  at- 


BIOGRAPHIES. 


671 


torney  for  Lincoln  county  in  1874;  mayor  of  Canton, 
S.  Dak.,  1882-1883;  member  of  the  constitutional 
convention  of  Dakota  which  convened  at  Sioux 
Falls  September  7,  1883;  elected  as  a  Republican 
a  Delegate  to  the  Forty-ninth  and  Fiftieth  Con- 
gresses (March  4,  1885-March  3,  1889);  elected  a 
Representative  upon  the  admission  of  the  state 
into  the  Union  and  served  from  December  2, 1889, 
to  March  3,  1891;  resumed  the  practice  of  law  in 
Canton,  S.  Dak. 

Gilbert,  Abijah,  a  Senator  from  Florida;  born 
in  Gilbertsville,  Otsego  county,  N.  Y.,  June  18, 
1806;  was  graduated  from  Hamilton  college,  N.  Y., 
in  1822;  a  merchant  in  New  York  City  1822-1850; 
moved  to  St.  Augustine,  Fla.,  in  1865;  elected  as  a 
Republican  to  the  United  States  Senate  and  served 
from  March  4,  1869,  to  March  3,  1875;  died  in  Gil- 
bertsville, N.  Y.,  November  23,  1881. 

Gilbert,  Edward,  a  Representative  from  Cali- 
fornia; born  in  Cherry  Valley,  Otsego  county, 
N.  Y.,  about  1819;  attended  the  public  schools; 
moved  to  San  Francisco,  Cal.,  as  an  officer  in  Col. 
J.  D.  Stevenson's  first  regiment  New  York  volun- 
teers in  1847;  deputy  collector  of  port  1847-1848; 
became  editor  and  owner  of  "  Alta  California"  in 
1849;  member  of  the  state  constitutional  conven- 
tion of  1849;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Thirty- 
first  Congress  upon  the  admission  of  the  state  of 
California  into  the  Union,  and  served  from  Sep- 
tember 11,  1850,  to  March  3,  1851;  killed  in  a  duel 
near  Sacramento,  Cal.,  August  2,  1852;  interment 
in  San  Francisco,  Cal. 

Gilbert,  Ezekiel,  a  Representative  from  New 
York;  born  in  Middletown,  Conn.,  March  25,  1756; 
pursued  classical  studies,  and  was  graduated  from 
Yale  college  in  1778;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to 
the  bar,  and  began  practice  in  Hudson,  N.  Y.; 
member  of  the  state  assembly  in  1790;  elected  to 
the  Third  and  Fourth  Congresses  (March  4,  1793- 
March  3, 1797);  again  a  member  of  the  state  assem- 
bly in  1800  and  1801 ;  clerk  of  Columbia  county 
1813-1815;  died  in  Hudson,  N.  Y.,  July  11,  1842. 

Gilbert,  George  Gilmore,  a  Representative 
from  Kentucky;  born  in  Spencer  county,  Ky.,  in 
1850;  attended  the  common  schools,  Cecilian  col- 
lege in  1868-1869,  and  Lyndland  institute,  in  Ken- 
tucky; taught  school  for  several  years,  and  studied 
law;  attended  the  University  of  Louisville,  and 
was  graduated  from  the  law  department  in  1873; 
was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  began  practice  in 
Taylorsville,  Ky.,  in  1874;  county  attorney  of 
Spencer  county  1876-1880;  member  of  the  state 
senate  1885-1889;  delegate  to  the  Democratic 
national  convention  in  Chicago  in  1896;  elected 
as  a  Democrat  to  the  Fifty-sixth,  Fifty-seventh, 
Fifty-eighth,  and  Fifty-ninth  Congresses  (March 
4,  1899-March  3,  1907);  died  in  Louisville,  Ky., 
November  8,  1909. 

Gilbert,  Newton  Whiting,  a  Representative 
from  Indiana;  born  in  Worthington,  Franklin 
county,  Ohio,  May  24,  1862;  moved  with  his  par- 
ents to  Indiana  in  1875;  attended  the  common 
schools  of  Indiana  and  the  Ohio  state  university, 
Columbus,  Ohio;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the 
bar  in  1855,  and  practiced  in  Angola,  Ind.;  mem- 
ber of  the  state  senate  1896-1900;  lieutenant  gov- 
ernor of  Indiana  1900-1904;  captain  of  company 
H,  one  hundred  and  fifty-seventh  Indiana  volun- 
eer  infantry,  in  the  war  with  Spain;  elected  as  a 

to  the  Fifty-ninth  Congress,  and  served 

from  March  4,  1905,  until  November  6,  1906,  when 


he  resigned;  judge  of  the  court  of  first  instance 
in  the  Philippine  islands,  to  which  position  he 
was  appointed  by  President  Roosevelt;  member 
of  the  Philippine  commission  1908-1909;  secretary 
of  public  instruction  of  Philippine  islands  1909; 
appointed  vice  governor  of  the  islands  in  Febru- 
ary, 1910,  and  resides  in  Manila,  P.  I. 

Gilbert,  Sylvester,  a  Representative  from  Con- 
necticut; born  in  Hebron,  Conn.,  October  20,  1755; 
pursued  classical  studies,  and  was  graduated  from 
Dartmouth  college  in  1775;  studied  law;  was  ad- 
mitted to  the  bar  in  November,  1777,  and  began 
practice  in  Hebron;  colonial  representative  1780- 
1812;  state  attorney  for  Tolland  county  1786-1807; 
chief  judge  of  the  county  court  and  judge  of  the 
probate  court  1807-1818;  principal  of  a  law  school 
1810-1818;  elected  to  the  Fifteenth  Congress,  to  fill 
vacancy  caused  by  the  resignation  of  Uriel  Holmes, 
and  served  from  November  16,  1818,  to  March  3, 
1819;  again  judge  of  the  county  court  1820-1825; 
elected  state  representative  in  1826;  died  in  He- 
bron, Conn.,  January  2,  1846. 

Gilbert,  William  Augustus,  a  Representative 
from  New  York;  born  in  Gilead,  Conn.,  January  25, 
1815;  moved  with  his  parents  to  Champion,  N.  Y. ; 
attended  the  public  schools;  studied  law,  was  ad- 
mitted to  the  bar,  and  practiced  in  Adams,  N.  Y.; 
member  of  the  state  assembly  in  1851  and  1852; 
elected  as  a  Whig  to  the  Thirty-fourth  Congress  and 
served  from  March  4,  1855,  until  his  resignation, 
February  28 , 1857 ;  engaged  in  the  banking  business  ; 
died  in  Adams,  Jefferson  county,  N.  Y.,  May  25, 
1875. 

Giles,  William  Branch,  a  Representative  and  a 
Senator  from  Virginia;  born  in  Amelia  county,  Va., 
August  12,  1762;  pursued  classical  studies  and  was 
graduated  from  Princeton  college  in  1781;  studied 
law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  practiced  in  Pe- 
tersburg, Va.,  1784-1789;  presidential  elector  on  the 
Jefferson  ticket  in  1801;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to 
the  First  Congress,  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  the 
death  of  Theodorick  Bland ;  reelected  to  the  Second , 
Third,  Fourth,  and  Fifth  Congresses,  and  served 
from  December  7, 1790,  to  October  2, 1798,  when  he 
resigned ;  elected  to  the  Seventh  Congress  (March  4, 
1799-March  3, 1801);  appointed  by  the  governor  to 
the  United  States  Senate,  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by 
the  resignation  of  Abraham  B.  Venable,  and  served 
from  August  11,  1804,  until  December  4, 1804;  was 
then  elected  to  the  United  States  Senate,  to  fill 
vacancy  caused  by  the  resignation  of  Wilson  Gary 
Nicholas;  reelected  in  1805  and  1811,  and  served 
from  November  5, 1804,  until  his  resignation,  March 
3,  1815;  defeated  as  a  candidate  for  United  States 
Senator  in  1825 ;  again  a  member  of  the  state  legis- 
lature in  1826 ;  governor  of  Virginia  1826-1829 ;  mem- 
ber of  state  constitutional  convention  of  1829-1830; 
died  in  Albemarle  county,  Va.,  December 4, 1830. 

Giles,  William  Fell,  a  Representative  from 
Maryland;  born  in  Harford  county,  Md.,  April  8, 
1807 ;  pursued  an  academic  course ;  studied  law,  was 
admitted  to  the  bar  in  1829,  and  began  practice  in 
Baltimore;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Twenty- 
ninth  Congress  (March  4,  1845-March  3,  1847); 
appointed  United  States  district  judge  by  Presi- 
dent Pierce;  died  March  21,  1879. 

Gilfillan,  Calvin  Willard,  a  Representative 
from  Pennsylvania;  born  near  Newcastle,  Pa., 
February  20,  1832;  attended  Westminster  college, 
Pennsylvania;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the 
bar,  and  practiced;  superintendent  of  schools  of 


672 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 


Mercer  county  for  two  years;  clerk  of  the  state 
house  of  representatives  in  1859;  appointed  attor- 
ney for  Venango  county  in  1861,  and  elected  in  1862 
for  three  years;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the 
Forty-first  Congress  (March  4,  1869-March  3,  1871); 
engaged  in  banking  business;  died  in  Franklin, 
Pa.,  October  2,  1902. 

Gilfillan,  John  Bachop,  a  Representative.from 
Minnesota;  born  in  Barnet,  Caledonia  county,  Vt., 
February  11,  1835;  was  graduated  from  the  Cale- 
donia county  academy  in  1855;  moved  to  Minne- 
apolis, Minn. ;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar 
in  July,  1860,  and  practiced;  member  of  the  board 
of  education  1860-1868;  alderman  of  the  city  of 
Minneapolis  1865-1869;  prosecuting  attorney  of 
Hennepin  county  1863-1867  and  1869-1873;  city 
attorney  1861-1864;  member  of  the  state  senate 
1875-1885;  regent  of  the  state  University  of  Minne- 
sota in  1880-1888;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the 
Forty-ninth  Congress  (March  4, 1885-March  3, 1887) ; 
resumed  the  practice  of  law  and  resides  in  Minne- 
apolis, Minn. 

Gilhams,  Clarence  C.,  a  Representative  from 
Indiana;  born  in  Brighton,  Lagrange  county,  Ind., 
April  11,  1860;  attended  the  common  schools  and 
the  State  normal  school  at  Terre  Haute,  Ind. ;  twice 
elected  auditor  of  Lagrange  county  and  served 
eight  years;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Fifty- 
ninth  Congress,  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  the  resig- 
nation of  Newton  W.  Gilbert;  reelected  to  the 
Sixtieth  Congress,  and  served  from  December  3, 
1906,  to  March  3,  1909;  died  in  Lagrange,  Ind., 
June  5,  1912. 

Gill,  John,  jr.,  a  Representative  ^rom  Maryland ; 
born  in  Baltimore,  Md.,  June  9,  1850;  pursued  an 
academic  course  in  Hampden-Sidney  college,  Va. ; 
studied  law  in  the  Maryland  university  and  was 
admitted  to  the  Baltimore  bar  in  1871;  served  as 
one  of  the  legal  advisers  of  Baltimore  City;  for  nine 
years  was  one  of  its  police  commissioners;  member 
of  the  state  house  of  delegates  1874-1877 ;  member 
of  the  state  senate  1882-1886  and  1904-1905;  elected 
as  a  Democrat  to  the  Fifty-n  nth,  Sixtieth,  and 
Sixty-first  Congresses  (March  4, 1905-March  3, 1911) ; 
resumed  the  practice  of  law  in  Baltimore,  Md. 

Gill,  Joseph  John,  a  Representative  from 
Ohio;  born  in  Barnesville,  Belmont  county,  Ohio, 
September  21,  1846;  moved  with  his  parents  to 
Mount  Pleasant,  Jefferson  county,  in  1848;  pur- 
sued an  academic  course  and  was  graduated  from 
the  law  school  of  the  University  of  Michigan  in 
1868,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  practiced  in 
Jefferson  county;  subsequently  engaged  in  bank- 
ing, and  later  in  manufacturing  and  iron  mining; 
elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Fifty-sixth  Con- 
gress, to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  the  death  of  Lo- 
renzo Danford ;  reelected  to  the  Fifty-seventh  and 
Fifty-eighth  Congresses  and  served  from  Decem- 
ber 4,  1899,  until  October  31,  1903,  when  he 
resigned;  retired  and  resides  in  Steubenville, 
Ohio. 

Gill,  Patrick  F.,  a  Representative  from  Mis- 
souri; born  in  Independence,  Mo.,  August  16, 1868; 
moved  with  his  widowed  mother  to  St.  Louis,  Mo., 
in  1871;  attended  parochial  schools,  and  St.  Louis 
university;  engaged  in  the  grocery  business  for 
many  years ;  clerk  of  the  circuit  court  four  years ; 
defeated  as  the  Democratic  candidate  for  sheriff 
in  1906;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Sixty-first 
Congress  (March  4,  1909-March  3,  1911);  resumed 
business  in  St.  Louis,  Mo. 


Gillespie,  Eugene  Pierce,  a  Representative 
from  Pennsylvania;  born  in  Greenville,  Mercer 
county,  Pa.,  September  24, 1852 ;  attended  the  com- 
mon schools  of  Greenville,  Allegheny  college, 
Meadville,  Pa.,  and  St.  Michael's  college,  Toronto, 
Canada;  admitted  to  the  bar  in  August,  1874,  and 
practiced  in  Greenville,  Pa. ;  elected  as  a  Democrat 
to  the  Fifty-second  Congress  (March  4,  1891-March 

3,  1893);  returned  to  Greenville,  Pa.,  and  practiced 
law  until  his  death,  December  16.  1899. 

Gillespie,  James,  a  Representative  from  North 
Carol  na;  native  of  Kenansville,  Duplin  county, 
N.  C.;  pursued  classical  studies;  member  of  the 
convention  of  1776;  member  of  the  state  house  of 
commons  1779-1783;  served  in  the  state  senate 
1784-1786;  elected  to  the  Third,  Fourth,  and  Fifth 
Congresses  (March  4, 1793-March  3,  1799);  reelected 
to  the  Eighth  Congress,  and  served  from  March 

4,  1803,  until  his  death,  January  10,  1805. 

Gillespie,  Oscar  William,  a  Representative 
from  Texas;  born  in  Clarke  county,  Miss.,  June  20, 
1858,  was  graduated  from  Mansfield  college,  of  Tar- 
rant  county,  Tex. ;  studied  law  and  was  admitted  to 
the  bar  in  November,  1886;  prosecuting  attorney  of 
Tarrant  county  1890-1894;  assistant  county  attor- 
ney 1886-1888;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Fifty- 
eighth,  Fifty-ninth,  Sixtieth,  and  Sixty-first  Con- 
gresses (March  4,  1903-March  3,  1911);  resumed  the 
practice  of  law  in  Fort  Worth,  Tex. 

Gillet,  Charles  William,  a  Representative  from 
New  York;  born  in  Addison,  N.  Y.,  November  26, 
1840;  was  graduated  from  Union  college,  Schenec- 
tady,  N.  Y.,  in  1861;  enlisted  as  a  private  in  the 
eighty-sixth  regiment  New  York  volunteers,  Au- 
gust, 1861;  made  adjutant  of  the  regiment,  Novem- 
ber, 1861,  and  served  as  adjutant  until  discharged 
for  physical  disability  in  1863;  elected  as  a  Repub- 
lican to  the  Fifty-third,  Fifty-fourth,  Fifty-fifth, 
Fifty-sixth,  Fifty-seventh,  and  Fifty-eighth  Con- 
gresses (March  4,  1893-March  3, 1905);  died  in  New 
York  City,  December  31,  1908. 

Gillet,  Ransom  Hooker,  a  Representative 
from  New  York;  born  in  New  Lebanon,  N.  Y., 
January  27,  1800;  pursued  an  academic  course; 
studied  law  in  Canton,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and 

Eracticed  in  Ogdensburg,  postmaster  of  Ogdens- 
urg,  N.  Y.,  1830^-1833;  delegate  to  the  Democratic 
national  convention  in  Baltimore  in  1832 ;  elected 
as  a  Democrat  to  the  Twenty-third  and  Twenty- 
fourth  Congresses  (March  4,  1833-March  3,  1837); 
appointed  commissioner  to  treat  with  the  New 
York  Indians  1837-1839;  delegate  to  the  Demo- 
cratic national  convention  in  1840;  appointed  Reg- 
ister of  the  Treasury  and  served  from  April  1, 1845, 
to  May  27,  1847,  when  he  was  appointed  Solicitor 
of  the  Treasury  and  served  until  October  31,  1849; 
appointed  assistant  attorney  general  and  served 
1855-1858;  appointed  solicitor  of  the  court  of 
claims  and  served  1858-1861;  died  in  Washington, 
D.  C.,  October  24,  1876. 

Gillett,  Frederick  Huntingdon,  a  Representa- 
tive from  Massachusetts;  born  in  Westfield,  Mass., 
October  16,  1851;  was  graduated  from  Amherst 
college  in  1874  and  from  Harvard  law  school  in 
1877;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  Springfield,  Mass., 
in  1877;  assistant  attorney  general  of  Massachusetts 
1879-1882;  member  of  the  state  house  of  represen- 
tatives 1890-1891;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the 
Fifty-third  and  to  the  eight  succeeding  Congresses 
(March  4,  1893-March  3,  1911).  Reelected  to  the 
Sixty-second  Congress. 


BIOGRAPHIES. 


673 


Gillett,  James  Nprris,  a  Representative  from 
California;  born  in  Viroqua,  Vernon  county,  Wis., 
September  20,  1860;  moved  with  his  parents  to 
Sparta,  Wis.,  in  1865;  attended  the  grammar  and 
high  schools;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar 
in  1881,  and  practiced  in  Sparta,  Wis.;  moved  to 
Eureka,  Humboldt  county,  Cal.,  in  1883;  city  at- 
torney 1889-1895;  member  of  the  state  senate  1897- 
1899 ;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Fifty -eighth 
and  Fifty-ninth  Congresses  (March  4,  1903-March 
3, 1907);  governor  of  California  1907-1911 ;  resumed 
the  practice  of  law  in  San  Francisco,  Cal. 

Gillette,  Edward  Hooker,  a  Representative 
from  Iowa;  born  in  Bloomfield,  Conn.,  October  1, 
1840;  attended  the  public  schools  of  Hartford, 
Conn.,  and  the  New  York  state  agricultural  college 
Ovid,  N.  Y.;  moved  to  Des  Moines,  Iowa,  in  the 
spring  of  1863  and  engaged  in  farming,  building, 
and  manufacturing;  editor  of  the  Iowa  Tribune; 
for  several  years  chairman  of  the  national  com- 
mittee of  the  Greenback  party;  delegate  in  the 
national  convention  in  Indianapolis  in  1876; 
elected  as  a  member  of  the  National  Greenback 
party  to  the  Forty-sixth  Congress  (March  4,  1879- 
March  3,  1881);  engaged  in  agricultural  pursuits 
and  resides  near  Des  Moines,  Iowa. 

Gillette,  Francis,  a  Senator  from  Connecticut; 
born  in  Bloomfield,  Hartford  county,  Conn.,  De- 
cember 14,  1807;  pursued  classical  studies,  and 
was  graduated  from  Yale  college  in  1829;  com- 
menced the  study  of  law;  representative  in  the 
state  legislature  in  1832  and  1836;  defeated  as  the 
candidate  of  the  Liberal  party  for  governor  in  1841 
and  repeatedly  as  the  candidate  of  the  Liberal  and 
Free  Soil  parties;  elected  as  a  Free  Soil  Whig  to 
the  United  States  Senate,  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by 
the  resignation  of  Truman  Smith,  and  served  from 
May  24,  1854,  to  March  3,  1855;  chairman  of  the 
board  of  education  of  Connecticut  1849-1865;  died 
in  Hartford,  Conn.,  September  30,  1879. 

GUlis,  James  Lisle,  a  Representative  from 
Pennsylvania;  born  in  Hebron,  Washington 
county,  N.  Y.,  October  2,  1792;  attended  the  pub- 
lic schools;  became  a  tanner;  served  in  the  war  of 
1812;  moved  to  Ridgway,  Pa.,  in  1822;  appointed 
associate  judge  of  Jefferson  county  by  Goy.  Porter; 
member  of  the  state  house  of  representatives  1840 
and  1851;  one  of  the  judges  of  Jefferson  county  in 
1842 ;  served  in  the  state  senate  in  1845;  served  as  a 
mail  agent  in  San  Francisco,  Cal.,  under  President 
Pierce;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Thirty-fifth 
Congress  (March  4,  1857-March  3,  1859);  appointed 
agent  for  the  Pawnee  tribe  of  Indians;  died  in 
Mount  Pleasant,  Iowa,  July  8,  1881. 

Gillon,  Alexander,  a  Representative  from 
South  Carolina;  born  in  Rotterdam,  Holland,  in 
1741;  pursued  an  academic  course;  came  to  the 
LTnited  States  in  1766,  and  engaged  in  business  in 
Charleston,  S.  C.;  elected  to  the  Third  Congress 
and  served  from  March  4,  1793,  until  his  death  in 
Gillon 's  Retreat,  S.  C.,  October  6,  1794. 

Oilman,  Charles  Jervis,  a  Representative  from 
Maine;  born  in  Exeter,  N.  H.,  February  26,  1824; 
pursued  classical  studies;  member  of  the  state  leg- 
islature of  New  Hampshire  in  1850;  studied  law, 
was  admitted  to  the  bar  and  began  practice  in 
Brunswick,  Me.;  member  of  the  legislature  of 
Maine  in  1854;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the 
Thirty-fifth  Congress  (March  4,  1857-March  3, 
1859);  delegate  to  the  Republican  national  con- 
vention in  1860;  died  in  Brunswick,  Me.,  February 
5,  1901. 

50346°— S.  Doc.  654,  61-2—43 


Gilman,  John  Taylor,  a  Delegate  from  New 
Hampshire;  born  in  Exeter,  N.  II.,  December  19, 
1753;  one  of  the  minutemen  of  1775;  a  delegate  to 
the  convention  of  the  states  in  Hartford,  Conn.,  in 
October,  1780;  Delegate  to  the  Continental  Con- 
gress 1782-1783;  state  treasurer  in  1791;  governor 
of  New  Hampshire  1794-1 805;  defeated  for  governor 
the  same  year  by  John  Langdon;  again  defeated 
as  a  Federalist  in  1812;  again  elected  in  181 3, 1814, 
and  1815,  declining  a  reelection  in  1816;  died  in 
Exeter,  N.  H.,  September  1,  1828. 

Gilman,  Nicholas,  a  Delegate,  a  Representa- 
tive, and  a  Senator  from  New  Hampshire;  born  in 
Exeter,  N.  H.,  May  26, 1755;  pursued  an  academic 
course;  served  as  an  officer  during  the  Revolution- 
ary war;  Delegate  in  the  Continental  Congress  1786- 
1788;  member  of  the  convention  to  frame  the  Fed- 
eral constitution  that  met  in  Philadelphia,  Pa.,  in 
1787;  elected  to  the  First,  Second,  Third,  and 
Fourth  Congresses  (March  4,  1789-March  3,  1797); 
elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  United  States  Senate; 
reelected  in  1811,  and  served  from  March  4,  1805, 
until  his  death  in  Philadelphia,  Pa.,  May  2,  1814. 

Gilmer,  George  Rockingham,  a  Representa- 
tive from  Georgia;  born  in  Wilkes  county,  Ga., 
April  17,  1790;  pursued  an  academic  course; 
studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  began 
practice  in  Lexington,  Ga.;  served  in  the  United 
States  army  in  1813;  resigned  in  1818  and  resumed 
the  practice  of  law  in  Lexington;  member  of  the 
state  house  of  representatives  1818-1819,  and  1824; 
governor  of  Georgia  1829-1831;  elected  as  a  Demo- 
crat to  the  Seventeenth  Congress  (March  4,  1821- 
March  3,  1823);  reelected  to  the  Twentieth  Con- 
gress (March  4,  1827-March  3,  1829);  again  elected 
to  the  Twenth-third  Congress  (March  4,  1833- 
March  3,  1835);  again  governor  of  Georgia  1837- 
1839;  presidential  elector  on  the  Harrison  ticket  in 
1840;  died  in  Lexington,  Ga.,  November  15,  1859. 

Gilmer,  John  Adams,  a  Representative  from 
North  Carolina;  born  in  Guilford  county,  N.  C., 
November  4,  1805;  pursued  an  academic  course; 
studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1832,  and 
began  practice  in  Greensboro,  N .  C.;  member  of  the 
state  senate  1846-1856;  defeated  as  the  Whig  can- 
didate for  governor  of  North  Carolina  in  1856; 
elected  as  an  American  to  the  Thirty-fifth  and 
Thirty-sixth  Congresses  (March  4,  1857-March  3, 
1861);  member  of  the  second  Confederate  congress; 
delegate  to  the  Union  national  convention  in  Phila- 
delphia in  1866;  died  in  Greensboro,  N.  C.,  May 
14,  1868. 

Gilmer,  Thomas  Walker,  a  Representative 
from  Virginia;  born  in  Gilmerton,  Albermarle 
county,  Va.,  April  6,  1802;  attended  the  public 
schools;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and 
commenced  practice  in  Charlottesville,  Va.;  for 
several  years  member  of  the  state  house  of  repre- 
sentatives, and  served  two  years  as  speaker; 
governor  of  Virginia  1840-1841;  elected  as  a  Whig 
to  the  Twenty-seventh  Congress  (March  4,  1841- 
March  3,  1843);  reelected  as  a  Democrat  to  the 
Twenty-eighth  Congress  and  served  from  March 
3,  1843,  until  February  15,  1844,  when  he  re- 
signed; appointed  Secretary  of  the  Navy  Feb- 
ruary 15,  1844,  and  served  until  he  was  killed  by 
the  bursting  of  a  gun  on  board  the  U.  S.  steamer 
Princeton,  near  Washington,  D.  C.,  February  28, 
1844.  - 

Gilmore,  Alfred,  a  Representative  from  Penn- 
sylvania; born  in  Butler,  Pa.,  June  9,  1814;  at- 


674 


CONGRESSIONAL   DIEECTORY. 


tended  the  public  schools,  and  was  graduated  from 
Washington  college,  Washington,  Pa.,  in  1833; 
studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1836,  and 
practiced  in  Butler,  Pa.;  elected  as  an  opposition 
candidate  to  the  Thirty-first  and  Thirty-second 
Congresses  (March  4,  1849-March  3,  1853);  died  in 
Scranton,  Pa.,  May  20,  1890. 

Gilmore,  John,  a  Representative  from  Penn- 
sylvania; born  in  Somerset  county,  Pa.,  February 
18,  1780;  attended  the  public  schools;  moved  to 
Washington,  Pa.,  studied  law,  was  admitted  to 
the  bar  in  1801,  and  commenced  practice  in  Pitts- 
burgh, Pa. ;  appointed  deputy  district  attorney  in 
1803;  moved  to  Butler  county,  in  1803;  member 
of  the  state  house  of  representatives  1816-1821, 
and  served  as  speaker  in  1821 ;  elected  as  a  Jackson 
Democrat  to  the  Twenty-first  and  Twenty-second 
Congresses  (March  4,  1829-March  3,  1833);  elected 
state  treasurer  of  Pennsylvania  by  the  legislature 
in  1841;  died  in  Butler,  Pa.,  May  11,  1845. 

Gilmore,  Samuel  Louis,  a  Representative 
from  Louisiana;  born  in  New  Orleans,  La.,  July 
30,  1859;  instructed  by  private  tutors,  and  was 
graduated  from  the  central  high  school  of  New 
Orleans  in  1874,  and  from  Seton  Hall  college  in 
South  Orange,  La.,  in  1877;  studied  law,  and  was 
graduated  from  the  law  department  of  the  Uni- 
versity of  Louisiana  in  1879;  was  admitted  to  the 
bar,  and  commenced  practice  in  New  Orleans, 
La.;  Democratic  Presidential  elector  in  1892;  as- 
sistant city  attorney  1889-1896;  city  attorney  from 
1896  to  March  15,  1909,  when  he  resigned;  dele- 
gate in  the  Democratic  national  convention  in 
Denver  in  1908;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the 
Sixty-first  Congress,  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  the 
death  of  Robert  C.  Davey,  and  served  from  April 
22,  1909,  until  his  death  in  Covington,  La.,  March 
30,  1910. 

Gist,  Joseph,  a  Representative  from  South 
Carolina;  born  in  Union  District,  S.  C.,  January  12, 
1775;  moved  to  Charleston,  where  he  pursued 
classical  studies;  studied  law,  and  in  1799  was  ad- 
mitted to  the  bar;  began  practice  in  1800  in  Pinck- 
neyville;  state  representative  1801-1819;  elected  to 
the  Seventeenth,  Eighteenth,  and  Nineteenth  Con- 
gresses (March  4,  1821-March  3,  1827);  died  in 
Pinckneyville,  S.  C.,  May  8,  1836. 

Glascock,  John  Ragland,  a  Representative 
from  California;  born  in  Panola  county,  Miss., 
August  25,  1845;  received  a  collegiate  training  in 
the  University  of  California  and  the  University  of 
Virginia;  moved  with  his  parents  to  California  in 
1856;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1868, 
and  practiced  in  Oakland,  Cal.;  district  attorney  of 
Alameda  county,  Cal.,  1875-1877;  elected  as  a 
Democrat  to  the  Forty-eighth  Congress  (March  4, 
1883-March  3,  1885);  served  one  term  as  mayor  of 
Oakland ;  resumed  the  practice  of  law  in  Berkeley, 
Cal. 

Glascock,  Thomas,  a  Representative  from 
Georgia;  native  of  Georgia;  attended  the  public 
schools  in  Augusta;  served  as  lieutenant  in  the 
Revolutionary  army,  also  in  the  campaign  against 
the  Creek  Indians;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the 
Twenty-fourth  and  Twenty-fifth  Congresses  (March 
4,  1835-March  3,  1839);  died  in  Decatur,  Ga.,  May 
9,  1841. 

Glasgow,  Hugh,  a  Representative  from  Penn- 
sylvania; born  in  Nottingham,  Chester  county,  Pa., 
September  8,  1769;  attended  the  public  schools; 


studied  law,  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar;  judge 
of  Chester  county  from  July  1,  1800,  to  March  29, 
1813;  elected  to  the  Thirteenth  and  Fourteenth 
Congresses  (March  4,  1813-March  3,  1817);  died 
in  Peach  Bottom,  York  county,  Pa.,  January  31, 
1818. 

Glass,  Carter,  a  Representative  from  Virginia; 
born  in  Lynchburg,  Va.,  January  4,  1858;  attended 
private  and  public  schools;  served  eight  years  in 
a  printing  office,  and  afterwards,  in  successive 
stages,  filled  the  positions  of  reporter,  city  editor, 
and  editor;  owner  of  the  Lynchburg  Daily  News 
and  the  Daily  Advance;  state  senator  1899-1903; 
delegate  in  the  state  constitutional  convention  of 
1901;  five  years  a  member  of  the  board  of  visitors 
of  the  university  of  Virginia;  elected  as  a  Democrat 
to  the  Fifty-seventh  Congress,  to  fill  vacancy 
caused  by  the  death  of  Peter  J.  Otey;  reelected  to 
the  Fifty-eighth,  Fifty-ninth,  Sixtieth,  and  Sixty- 
first  Congresses  and  served  from  December  1, 1902, 
to  March  3, 1911.  Reelected  to  the  Sixty-second  Con- 
gress. 

Glass,  Presley  T.,  a  Representative  from  Ten- 
nessee; born  in  Halifax  county,  Va.,  October  18, 
1824;  moved  with  his  parents  in  1828  to  Weakley 
county,  Tenn.,  where  he  attended  the  Dresden 
academy;  elected  colonel  of  militia  at  eighteen 
years  of  age;  studied  law;  attended  one  course  at 
the  Lexington  (Ky.)  law  school;  admitted  to  the 
bar  in  1847;  commenced  practice  in  Ripley,  Tenn. ; 
member  of  the  state  legislature  in  1848  and  1882; 
major  commissary  in  the  Confederate  service; 
elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Forty-ninth  and  Fif- 
tieth Congresses  (March  4,  1885-March  3,  1889); 
died  in  Ripley,  Tenn.,  October  9,  1902. 

Glen,  Henry,  a  Representative  from  New  York; 
native  of  Albany  county,  N.  Y. ;  served  in  the  Rev- 
olutionary war;  member  of  the  first,  second,  and 
third  provincial  Congresses  1775-1776;  member  of 
the  state  house  of  representatives  1786-1787; 
elected  to  the  Third,  Fourth,  Fifth,  and  Sixth 
Congresses  (March  4,  1793-March  4,  1801);  again  a 
state  representative  in  1810;  appointed  on  Feb- 
ruary 27,  1767,  town  clerk  of  Schenectady  and 
served  until  his  death;  died  in  Schenectady, 
N.  Y.,  August  14,  1814. 

Glenn,  Thomas  Louis,  a  Representative  from 
Idaho;  born  near  Bardwell,  Ballard  county  (now 
Carlisle  county),  Ky.,  February  2,  1847;  attended 
the  public  schools  and  the  commercial  college, 
Evansville,  Ind.;  member  of  company  F,  second 
Kentucky  cavalry,  Confederate  army,  John  H. 
Morgan's  brigade;  was  wounded  in  battle  at  Mount 
Sterling,  Ky.,  June  9,  1864;  captured  and  impris- 
oned in  Transylvania  university,  in  Lexington,  Ky., 
until  September  9, 1864,  when  he  was  paroled ;  clerk 
of  Ballard  county  1874-1882;  member  of  the  state 
senate  1887-1891;  moved  to  Montpelier,  Idaho; 
studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1890,  and 
practiced;  elected  as  a  Populist  to  the  Fifty- 
seventh  Congress  (March  4,  1901-March  3,  1903); 
mayor  of  Montpelier  in  1904;  city  attorney  for 
three  years;  resumed  the  practice  of  law  in  Mont- 
pelier, Idaho. 

Gloninger,  John,  a  Representative  from  Penn- 
sylvania; born  in  Lebanon  township,  Lancaster 
county,  Pa.,  September  19,  1758;  attended  the 
common  schools;  served  as  a  subaltern  officer  in 
the  associaters  during  the  Revolutionary  war  and 
later  was  in  command  of  a  battalion  of  militia; 
upon  the  organization  of  Dauphin  county  was 


BIOGRAPHIES. 


675 


appointed  by  the  supreme  executive  council  of 
the  county,  a  lieutenant  on  May  6,  1768;  repre- 
sentative to  the  general  assembly  in  1790;  resigned 
and  served  as  a  state  senator,  which  he  also  re- 
signed; appointed  by  Gov.  Mifflin  an  associate 
judge  of  Dauphin  county;  upon  the  erection  of 
Lebanon  county,  in  1813,  was  commissioned  one 
of  the  associate  judges;  elected  to  the  Thirteenth 
Congress  and  served  from  March  4,  1813,  until 
August  2,  1813,  when  he  resigned;  died  in  Leba- 
non, Pa.,  January  22,  1836. 

Glossbrenner,  Adam  J.,  a  Representative 
from  Pennsylvania;  born  in  Hagerstown,  Md., 
August  31,  1810;  learned  the  art  of  printing  and 
became  publisher  of  the  Western  Telegraph  in 
Hamilton,  Ohio,  1827-1828;  went  to  York,  Pa.,  in 
1829,  published  the  York  Gazette  1835-1858;  clerk 
in  the  Pennsylvania  legislature  in  1838;  clerk  in  the 
National  House  of  Representatives  in  the  Twenty- 
eighth  and  Twenty-ninth  Congresses;  and  in  the 
State  department  1848-1849;  for  ten  years  Sergeant 
at  Arms  of  the  House  of  Representatives;  President 
Buchanan's  private  secretary  1860-1861;  elected 
as  a  Democrat  to  the  Thirty-ninth  and  Fortieth 
Congresses  (March  4, 1865-March  3, 1869);  engaged 
in  the  banking  business  in  York,  Pa. ;  died  in  Phila- 
delphia, Pa.,  March  3,  1889. 

Glover,  John  Milton,  a  Representative  from 
Missouri;  born  in  St.  Louis,  Mo.,  June  23,  1852; 
attended  Washington  university,  St.  Louis,  Mo.; 
studied  law  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar;  practiced 
in  St.  Louis;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Forty- 
ninth  and  Fiftieth  Congresses  (March  4,  1885- 
March  3,  1889). 

Glover,  John  Montgomery,  a  Representative 
from  Missouri;  born  in  Mercer  county,  Ky.,  Sep- 
tember 4,  1824;  pursued  a  college  course;  studied 
law  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar;  appointed  colo- 
nel of  cavalry  by  President  Lincoln  and  commis- 
sioned colonel  by  the  governor  of  Missouri  Septem- 
ber 4,  1861;  resigned  in  1864;  collector  of  internal 
revenue  1866-1867  for  the  third  district  of  Missouri; 
elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Forty-third,  Forty- 
fourth,  and  Forty-fifth  Congresses  (March  4,  1873- 
March  3,  1879);  died  in  Newark,  Mo.,  November 
12,  1891. 

Glynn,  Martin  H.,  a  representative  from  New 
York;  born  in  Kinderhook,  Columbia  county, 
N.  Y.,  September  27,  1871;  attended  the  public 
schools  and  was  graduated  from  St.  John's  college, 
Fordham,  in  1894;  studied  law  and  became  a  mem- 
ber of  the  Albany  county  bar  and  the  New  York 
state  bar  association;  did  journalistic  work  on  sev- 
eral papers  until  he  became  managing  editor  of 
the  Albany  Times-Union;  elected  as  a  Democrat 
to  the  Fifty-sixth  Congress  (March  4,  1899-March 
3,  1901);  in  March,  1901,  appointed  a  United 
States  commissioner  to  the  St.  Louis  Exposition  of 
1904. 

Goddard,  Calvin,  a  Representative  from  Con- 
necticut; born  in  Shrewsbury,  Mass.,  July  17, 1768; 
Bursued  classical  studies  and  was  graduated  from 
artmouth  college  in  1786;  studied  law,  and  was 
admitted  to  the  bar  in  1790;  began  practice  in 
Plainfield,  Conn.;  member  of  the  state  house  of 
representatives  1791-1806;  for  three  years  speaker 
of  the  house;  elected  to  the  Seventh  and  Eighth 
Congresses  (March  4,  1801-March  3,  1805);  moved 
to  Norwich,  Conn.,  in  1807;  member  of  the  execu- 
tive council  1808-1815;  presidential  elector  on  the 
De  Witt  Clinton  ticket  in  1812;  delegate  to  the 


Hartford  convention  of  1814;  judge  of  the  superior 
court  1815  and  1818;  mayor  of  Norwich  for  seven- 
teen years;  died  in  Norwich,  Conn.,  May  2,  1842. 

Godshalk,  William,  a  Representative  from 
Pennsylvania;  born  in  East  Nottingham,  Chester 
county,  Pa.,  October  25,  1817;  attended  the  com- 
mon schools  and  Union  academy,  Doylestown; 
elected  associate  judge  of  Bucks  county  in  October, 
1871,  and  served  five  years;  elected  as  a  Republi- 
can to  the  Forty-sixth  and  Forty-seventh  Con- 
gresses (March  4,  1879-March  3,  1883);  died  in 
New  Britain,  Bucks  county,  Pa.,  February  6,  1891. 

Godwin,  Hannibal  Lafayette,  a  Representa- 
tive from  North  Carolina;  born  near  Dunn,  in  Har- 
nett  county,  N.  C.,  November  3,  1873;  attended 
the  common  schools  and  Trinity  college,  Durham, 
N.  C.;  read  law  in  the  University  of  North  Caro- 
lina and  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  September, 
1896;  member  of  the  state  senate  in  1903;  Demo- 
cratic presidential  elector  in  1904;  elected  as  a 
Democrat  to  the  Sixtieth  and  Sixty-first  Congresses 
(March  4,  1907-March  3,  1911).  Reelected  to  the 
Sixty-second  Congress. 

Goebel,  Herman  Philip,  a  Representative 
from  Ohio;  born  in  Cincinnati,  Ohio,  April  5,  1853; 
attended  the  public  schools  and  was  graduated 
from  the  Cincinnati  law  college  in  1872;  was 
admitted  to  the  bar  in  1874;  member  of  the  house 
of  representatives  of  Ohio  in  1875;  elected  judge 
of  the  probate  court  of  Hamilton  county  in  1884 
and  1887:  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Fifty- 
eighth,  Fifty-ninth,  Sixtieth,  and  Sixty-first  Con- 
gresses (March  4,  1903-March  3,  1911);  resumed 
the  practice  of  law  in  Cincinnati,  Ohio. 

Goff,  Nathan,  a  Representative  from  West 
Virginia;  born  in  Clarksburg,  WT.  Va.,  February  9, 
1843;  attended  the  Northwestern  Virginia  acad- 
emy, Georgetown  college,  and  the  University  of 
the  City  of  New  York;  studied  law  and  was  admit- 
ted to  the  bar  in  1865;  member  of  the  state  legis- 
lature in  1867;  United  States  attorney  for  the  dis- 
trict of  West  Virginia  1868-1884;  resigned  the  dis- 
trict attorneyship  in  January,  1881,  when  he  was 
appointed  Secretary  of  the  Navy  by  President 
Hayes;  in  March,  1881,  President  Garfield  reap- 
pointed  him  district  attorney  for  West  Virginia, 
which  position  he  again  resigned  in  July,  1882; 
enlisted  in  the  Union  army  in  June,  1861,  in  the 
third  regiment  Virginia  volunteer  infantry;  served 
as  lieutenant  of  company  G,  also  as  adjutant  of 
said  regiment,  and  as  major  of  the  fourth  Virginia 
volunteer  cavalry;  defeated  Republican  candidate 
for  Congress  in  1870  and  1874;  defeated  candidate 
for  governor  in  1876  and  1888;  elected  as  a  Repub- 
lican to  the  Forty-eighth,  Forty-ninth,  and  Fiftieth 
Congresses  (March  4,  1883-March  3,  1889);  ap- 
pointed United  States  circuit  judge  of  the  fourth 
circuit  March  17, 1892,  by  President  Harrison,  and 
resides  in  Clarksburg,  W.  Va. 

Goggin,  William  L.,  a  Representative  from 
Virginia;  bom  in  Bedford  county,  Va.,  May  31, 
1807;  pursued  an  academic  course;  studied  law; 
admitted  to  the  bar  in  1828;  began  practice  in 
Winchester,  Va.;  state  representative  in  1836; 
elected  as  a  Whig  to  the  Twenty-sixth  and  Twenty- 
seventh  Congresses  (March  4,  1839-March  3,  1843); 
elected  to  the  Twenty-eighth  Congress  to  fill 
vacancy  caused  by  the  resignation  of  Thomas  W. 
Gilmer,  and  served  from  May  10,  1844,  to  March  4, 
1845;  reelected  to  the  Thirtieth  Congress  (March  4, 
1847-March  3,  1849);  defeated  as  the  Whig  candi- 


676 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 


date  for  governor  in  I860;  died  in  Richmond,  Va., 
January  5,  1870. 

Gold,  Thomas  Buggies,  a  Representative  from 
New  York;  born  in  Cornwall,  Conn.,  November  4, 
1764;  pursued  classical  studies  and  was  graduated 
from  Yale  college  in  1786;  studied  law,  was  ad- 
mitted to  the  bar,  and  commenced  practice  in 
Goshen,  Conn.;  located  in  Whitestown,  Oneida 
county,  N.  Y.,  in  1792;  assistant  attorney  general 
of  New  York  1797-1801;  member  of  the  state 
senat6  1796-1802;  defeated  for  Congress  in  1804; 
served  in  the  state  house  of  representatives  in 
1808;  elected  as  a  Federalist  to  the  Eleventh  and 
Twelfth  Congresses  (March  4,  1809-March  3,  1813); 
defeated  for  reelection  to  the  Thirteenth  Congress; 
reelected  to  the  Fourteenth  Congress  (March  4, 
1815-March  3,  1817);  died  in  Whitesboro,  N.  Y., 
October  24,  1827. 

Goldfogle,  Henry  Mayer,  a  Representative 
from  New  York;  born  in  New  York  City  May  23, 
1856;  attended  the  public  schools;  studied  law 
and  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1877;  justice  of 
the  fifth  district  court  in  New  York  in  1887  and 
1893;  one  of  the  judges  of  the  municipal  court  of 
New  York  City,  and  retired  from  the  bench  Janu- 
ary 1,  1900,  to  resume  the  practice  of  law;  an  alter- 
nate to  the  national  Democratic  convention  in 
1892,  and  a  delegate  to  the  national  Democratic 
convention  of  1896;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the 
Fifty-seventh,  Fifty-eighth,  Fifty-ninth,  Sixtieth, 
and  Sixty-first  Congresses  (March  4,  1901-March  3, 
1911).  Reelected  to  the  Sixty-second  Congress. 

Goldsborough,  Charles  W.,  a  Representative 
from  Maryland;  born  in  Caroline  county,  Md., 
July  15,  1765;  educated  by  private  tutors,  and 
pursued  an  academic  course,  and  was  graduated 
from  the  University  of  Pennsylvania  in  1784;  stud- 
ied law,  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1790; 
member  of  the  state  senate  1791-1795,  1799-1801; 
elected  as  a  Federalist  to  the  Ninth,  Tenth,  Elev- 
enth, Twelfth,  Thirteenth  and  Fourteenth  Con- 
gresses (March  4,  1805-March  3,  1817);  governor  of 
Maryland  1818-1819;  died  in  Shoals  Creek,  near 
Cambridge,  Md.,  December  13,  1834. 

Goldsborough,  Robert,  a  Delegate  from  Mary- 
land; born  in  Horns  Point,  Dorchester  county, 
Md.,  December  3,  1733;  pursued  an  academic 
course,  studied  medicine,  and  was  graduated  from 
the  Philadelphia  college  in  1760;  prominent  in 
ante- Revolutionary  movements;  Delegate  in  the 
first  Continental  Congress,  1774-1775;  member  of 
the  council  of  safety,  and  of  the  convention  of  the 
province  of  Maryland,  August  14,  1776,  called  to 
frame  a  constitution;  died  in  Cambridge,  Md., 
December  20,  1788. 

Goldsborough,  Robert  Henry,  a  Senator  from 
Maryland;  born  in  "Myrtle  Grove,"  near  Easton, 
Md.,  January  4,  177&;  was  graduated  from  St. 
John's  college,  Annapolis,  in  1796;  commanded  a 
troup  of  horse  in  the  Maryland  militia  during  the 
war  of  1812;  member  of  the  house  of  delegates  in 
1804;  elected  to  the  United  States  Senate,  and 
served  from  May  21,  1813,  to  March  3,  1819;  again 
a  member  of  the  house  of  delegates  in  1825;  again 
elected  as  a  Whig  to  the  United  States  Senate,  to 
fill  vacancy  caused  by  the  resignation  of  Ezekiel 
F.  Chambers,  and  served  from  January  3,  1835, 
until  his  death  in  Easton,  Md.,  October  5,  1836. 

Goldthwaite,  George,  a  Senator  from  Ala- 
bama; born  in  Boston,  Mass..  December  10,  1809; 


pursued  an  academic  course  in  Boston,  and 
attended  the  United  States  military  academy 
1822-1824;  moved  to  Montgomery,  Ala.,  in  1826; 
studied  law  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar;  chief 
justice  of  the  state  supreme  court  for  several  years; 
adjutant  general  of  the  state  during  the  Civil  war; 
elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  United  States  Senate, 
and  served  from  January  15,  1872,  to  March  3,  1877; 
died  in  Montgomery,  Ala.,  March  18,  1879. 

Goldzier,  Julius,  a  Representative  from  Illinois; 
born  in  Vienna,  Austria,  January  20,  1854;  came 
to  New  York  in  1866;  studied  law,  and  was  ad- 
mitted to  the  bar;  settled  in  Chicago  in  1872, 
where  he  practiced  law;  in  April,  1890,  became  a 
member  of  the  city  council  of  Chicago,  and  served 
until  the  end  of  his  term,  in  1892;  elected  as  a 
Democrat  to  the  Fifty-third  Congress  (March  4, 
1893-March  3,  1895);  defeated  for  reelection  to  the 
Fifty-fourth  Congress;  resumed  the  practice  of  law 
in  Chicago,  111. 

Golladay,  Edward  I.,  a  Representative  from 
Tennessee;  born  in  Lebanon,  Tenn.,  September  9, 
1831;  completed  preparatory  studies;  studied  law, 
and  in  1852  was  admitted  to  the  bar;  member  of  the 
state  legislature  1857-1858;  Presidential  elector  on 
the  Bell-Everett  ticket  in  1860;  served  in  the  Con- 
federate army;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Forty- 
second  Congress  (March  4,  1871-March  3,  1873). 

Golladay,  J.  S.,  a  Representative  from  Ken- 
tucky; attended  the  public  schools;  elected  as  a 
Democrat  to  the  Fortieth  Congress,  to  fill  vacancy 
caused  by  the  death  of  Elijah  Hise;  reelected  to  the 
Forty-first  Congress;  served  from  December  5,  1867, 
to  February  28,  1870,  when  he  resigned. 

Gooch,  Daniel  Linn,  a  Representative  from 
Kentucky;  born  in  Rumsey,  McLean  county,  Ky. ; 
attended  a  private  school;  deputy  governor  general 
of  the  Society  of  Sons  of  Colonial  Wars;  elected  as  a 
Democrat  to  the  Fifty-seventh  and  Fifty-eighth 
Congresses  (March  4,  1901-March  3,  1905). 

Gooch,  Daniel  Wheelwright,  a  Representa- 
tive from  Massachusetts;  born  in  Wells,  Me.,  Janu- 
ary 8,  1820;  was  graduated  from  Dartmouth  col- 
lege in  1843;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar 
in  1846  and  practiced  in  Boston;  member  of  the 
state  house  of  representatives  in  1852;  member  of 
the  state  constitutional  convention  of  1853;  elected 
to  the  Thirty-fifth,  Thirty-sixth,  Thirty-seventh, 
Thirty-eighth,  and  Thirty-ninth  Congresses,  and 
served  from  March  4,  1857,  until  September  1, 1865; 
did  not  take  his  seat  in  the  Thirty-ninth  Congress; 
appointed  navy  agent  of  the  port  of  Boston  in  1865; 
removed  by  President  Johnson  from  the  agency 
of  the  port  in  less  than  a  year;  reelected  to  the 
Forty-third  Congress  (March  4,  1873-March  3, 
1875);  defeated  for  reelection  to  the  Forty-fourth 
Congress;  pension  agent  in  Boston  1876-1886;  died 
in  Melrose,  Mass.,  November  11 1891. 

Good,  James  William,  a  Representative  from 
Iowa;  born  near  Cedar  Rapids,  Iowa,  September  24, 
1866;  attended  common  schools  and  was  graduated 
from  Coe  college,  Cedar  Rapids,  Iowa,  in  1892,  and 
from  the  law  department  of  the  University  of 
Michigan  in  1893;  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and 
commenced  practice  in  Cedar  Rapids,  Iowa;  city 
attorney  from  April,  1906,  to  April,  1908;  elected 
as  a  Republican  to  the  Sixty-first  Congress  (March 
4,  1909-March  3,  1911).  Reelected  to  the  Sixty- 
second  Congress. 


BIOGRAPHIES. 


677 


Goode,  John,  jr.,  a  Representative  from  Vir- 
ginia; born  in  Bedford  county,  Va.,  May  27,  1829; 
attended  the  New  London  academy  and  was  grad- 
uated from  Emory  and  Henry  college  in  1848; 
studied  law,  admitted  to  the  bar  in  April,  1851, 
and  began  practice  in  Liberty,  Va. ;  elected  to  the 
state  house  of  delegates  in  1851  and  1856;  on  the 
Democratic  ticket  as  Presidential  elector  in  1852 
and  1856;  elected  in  1860  a  member  of  the  state  con- 
vention which  passed  the  ordinance  of  secession; 
twice  elected  a  member  of  the  Confederate  con- 
gress ;  member  of  the  national  Democratic  executive 
committee  1868  and  1872-1876;  elected  as  a  Demo- 
crat to  the  Forty -fourth,  Forty-fifth,  and  Forty- 
sixth  Congresses  (March  4,  1875-March  3,  1881); 
resumed  the  practice  of  law  in  Washington,  D.  C.; 
died  in  Norfolk,  Va.,  July  14,  1909. 

Goode,  Patrick  Gaines,  a  Representative  from 
Ohio;  born  in  Cornwall  parish,  Charlotte  county, 
Va.,  May  10,  1798;  moved  with  his  parents  early 
in  life  to  Wayne  county,  Ohio;  attended  Xenia, 
Ohio,  academy  and  schools  in  Philadelphia,  Pa.; 
studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1821,  and 
first  practiced  in  Madison,  Ind.,  and  then  in  Shelby 
county,  Ohio;  representative  in  the  state  general 
assembly  1833-1835;  elected  as  a  Whig  to  the  Twen- 
ty-fifth, Twenty-sixth  and  Twenty-seventh  Con- 
gresses (March  4,  1837-March  3,  1843);  judge  of  the 
United  States  circuit  court  1844-1851;  thereafter 
practiced  law  and  was  a  Methodist  Episcopal  cler- 

§yman  in  the  central  Ohio  conference;  died  in 
idney,  Ohio,  October  17,  1862. 

Goode,  Samuel,  a  Representative  from  Vir- 
ginia; born  in  "Whitby,"  Chesterfield  county,  Va., 
March  21,  1756;  completed  preparatory  studies; 
was  a  lieutenant  in  the  Chesterfield  troop  of  horse 
during  the  Revolution  and  later  a  colonel  of 
militia;  member  of  the  Virginia  house  of  burgesses 
1779-1783;  elected  to  the  Sixth  Congress  (March  4, 
1799-March  3,  1801);  died  in  Mecklenburg  county, 
Va.,  November  14,  1822. 

Goode,  William  Osborne,  a  Representative 
from  Virginia;  born  in  Mecklenburg  county,  Va., 
September  16,  1798;  was  graduated  from  William 
and  Mary  college  in  1819;  studied  law,  and  in  1821 
was  admitted  to  the  bar  and  began  practice  in 
Boydton;  served  several  years  in  the  state  legisla- 
ture; elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Twenty-seventh 
Congress  (March  4,  1841-March  3,  1843);  again 
served  several  terms  in  the  state  legislature  and 
speaker  of  the  house  three  terms;  a  delegate  to  the 
state  constitutional  convention  in  1850;  elected  to 
the  Thirty-third,  Thirty-fourth,  Thirty-fifth  and 
Thirty-sixth  Congresses  and  served  from  March  4, 
1853,  until  his  death  in  Boydton,  Va.,  July  3,  1859. 

Goodenow,  John  Milton,  a  Representative 
from  Ohio;  born  in  Massachusetts  in  1782;  received 
a  limited  schooling;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to 
the  bar,  and  began  practice  in  Steubenville,  Ohio, 
in  1813;  elected  as  a  Jackson  Democrat  to  the 
Twenty-first  Congress  and  served  from  March  4, 
1829,  until  April  9,  1830,  when  he  resigned,  having 
been  chosen  judge  of  the  supreme  court  of  Ohio; 
resigned,  and  was  appointed  United  States  minister 
to  Colombia;  returned  to  Cincinnati,  Ohio;  elected 
judge  of  the  court  of  common  pleas;  died  in  Cin- 
cinnati, Ohio,  in  1838. 

Goodenow,  Robert,  a  Representative  from 
Maine;  born  in  Farmington,  N.  H.,  June  10,  1800; 
completed  preparatory  studies;  studied  law,  was 
admitted  to  the  bar  in  1821,  and  began  practice  in 


Farmington;  county  attorney  1828-1834  and  1841; 
moved  to  Maine  and  resumed  practice  in  Paris; 
elected  as  a  Whig  to  the  Thirty-second  Congress 
(March  4,  1851-March  3,  1853);  appointed  state 
bank  commissioner  in  1857. 

Goodenow,  Bufus  K.,  a  Representative  from 
Maine;  born  in  Henniker,  N.  H.,  April  24,  1790; 
moved  to  Maine  and  located  in  Brownfield;  re- 
ceived a  limited  schooling;  engaged  in  fanning; 
captain  in  the  war  of  1812;  moved  to  Paris,  Me.; 
clerk  of  the  Oxford  county  courts  1821-1837;  mem- 
ber of  state  house  of  representatives;  presidential 
elector  on  the  Harrison  ticket  in  1840;  elected  as  a 
Whig  to  the  Thirty-first  Congress  (March  4,  1849- 
March  3, 1851);  died  in  Paris,  Me.,  March  24, 1863. 

Goodhue,  Benjamin,  a  Representative  and  a 
Senator  from  Massachusetts;  born  in  Salem,  Mass., 
September  20,  1748;  was  graduated  from  Harvard 
college  in  1766;  served  in  the  state  house  of  repre- 
sentatives 1780-1782;  member  of  the  state  senate 
1786-1788;  member  of  the  state  constitutional  con- 
vention 1779-1780;  elected  to  the  First,  Second,, 
and  Third  Congresses  (March  4,  1789-March  3,, 
1795);  elected  to  the  United  States  Senate,  to  fill 
vacancy  caused  by  the  resignation  of  George  Cabot,' 
reelected  and  served  from  June  11, 1796,  to  Novem- 
ber 8,  1800,  when  he  resigned;  died  in  Salem, 
Mass.,  July  28,  1814.  j 

Goodin,  John  Randolph,  a  Representative 
from  Kansas;  born  in  Tiffin,  Ohio,  December  14' 
1836;  moved  with  his  father  to  Kenton,  Ohio,  in 
1844 ;  attended  the  Kenton  high  school  and  Geneva 
college;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in 
1857,  and  commenced  practice  in  Kenton;  moved 
to  Humboldt,  Kans.,  in  1859  and  resumed  the 
practice  of  law;  elected  to  the  state  legislature  in 
1866;  judge  of  the  seventh  judicial  district  of  Kan- 
sas 1868-1876;  elected  to  the  Forty-fourth  Congress 
(March  4,  1875-March  3,  1877);  editor  of  the  Inter 
State  in  Humboldt,  Kans. ;  moved  to  Kansas  City, 
Kans.,  in  1883  and  died  there  December  18,  1885. 

Goodnight,  Isaac  Herschel,  a  Representative 
from  Kentucky;  born  in  Allen  county,  Ky.,  Janu- 
ary 31, 1849;  moved  to  Franklin  in  November,  1870; 
attended  the  common  schools;  and  was  graduated 
from  Cumberland  university,  Tennessee,  in  1872; 
attended  the  law  department  of  the  same  univer- 
sity until  1873 ;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  and  prac- 
ticed; member  of  the  state  legislature  1877-1878; 
elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Fifty-first,  Fifty- 
second,  and  Fifty-third  Congresses  (March  4, 1889- 
March  3,  1895);  elected  judge  of  the  seventh 
Kentucky  circuit;  died  in  Franklin,  Ky.,  July  24, 
1901. 

Goodrich,  Chauncey,  a  Representative  and  a 
Senator  from  Connecticut;  born  in  Durham,  Conn., 
October  20,  1759;  was  graduated  from  Yale  college 
in  1776;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in 
1781,  and  began  practice  in  Hartford,  Conn.,  mem- 
ber of  the  state  house  of  representatives  in  1793 ; 
elected  to  the  Fourth,  Fifth,  and  Sixth  Congresses 
(March  4,  1795-March  3,  1801);  member  of  the  state 
executive  council  1802-1807;  elected  to  the  United 
States  Senate,  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  the  death 
of  Uriah  Tracy,  and  served  from  October  25,  1807, 
until  1813,  when  he  resigned;  mayor  of  Hartford 
1812-1815;  lieutenant  governor  of  Connecticut  in 
1814;  died  in  Hartford,  Conn.,  August  18,  1815. 

Goodrich,  Elizur,  a  Representative  from  Con- 
necticut; born  in  Durham,  Conn.,  March  24,  1761; 


678 


CONGRESSIONAL   DIRECTORY. 


was  graduated  from  Yale  college  in  1779;  studied 
law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  began  practice  in 
New  Haven  in  1783;  a  presidential  elector  in  1797; 
elected  as  a  Federalist  to  the  Sixth  Congress 
(March  4, 1799-March  3, 1801) ;  appointed  collector 
of  customs  at  New  Haven  by  President  John 
Adams  in  1801  and  removed  by  President  Jefferson ; 
for  seventeen  years  judge  of  probate;  held  several 
local  offices;  professor  of  law  in  Yale  college  1801- 
1810;  mayor  of  New  Haven  1803-1822;  secretary  of 
the  corporation  of  Yale  college  1816-1846;  died  in 
New  Haven,  Conn.,  November  1,  1849. 

Goodrich,  John  Zacheus,  a  Representative 
from  Massachusetts;  born  in  Sheffield,  Mass.,  Sep- 
tember 27,  1804;  completed  preparatory  studies; 
studied  law  and  was  admitted  to  practice;  presi- 
dential elector  on  the  Harrison  ticket  in  1841; 
served  in  the  state  1848r-1849;  elected  to  the 
Thirty-second  and  Thirty-third  Congresses  (March 
4,  1851-March  3,  1855);  member  of  the  peace  con- 
gress in  1861;  lieutenant  governor  of  Massachu- 
setts in  1861  and  resigned  March  29,  1861;  collector 
of  customs  in  Boston  1861-1865;  died  in  Stock- 
bridge,  N.  Y.,  April  19,  1885. 

Goodrich,  Milo,  a  Representative  from  New 
York;  born  in  East  Homer,  Cortland  county,  N.  Y., 
January  3,  1814;  moved  with  parents  to  Cortland- 
ville,  N.  Y.,  in  1816;  completed  preparatory 
studies  in  Cortland  academy,  Homer,  N.  Y.,  and 
attended  Oberlin  (Ohio)  institute;  taught  school  in 
New  York,  Pennsylvania,  and  Ohio;  studied  law, 
and  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  Worcester,  Mass., 
in  1840,  and  practiced  for  two  years  in  the  terri- 
tory of  Wisconsin;  returned  to  Dryden,  N.  Y.,  in 
1844;  postmaster  of  Dryden  in  1849;  member  of  the 
state  constitutional  convention  1867-1868;  elected 
as  a  Republican  to  the  Forty-second  Congress 
(March  4,  1871-March  3,  1873);  removed  to  Auburn 
in  1875;  died  in  Auburn,  N.  Y.,  April  15,  1881, 
interment  in  Dryden,  N.  Y. 

Goodwin,  Henry  Charles,  a  Representative 
from  New  York;  born  in  Deruyter,  N.  Y.,  June  25, 
1824;  completed  preparatory  studies;  studied 
law,  admitted  to  practice  in  1846  and  began  prac- 
tice in  Hamilton,  N .  Y. ;  district  attorney  1847-1850; 
elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Thirty-third  Con- 
gress, to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  the  resignation  of 
Gerrit  Smith,  and  served  from  December  4,  1854, 
to  March  3,  1855;  reelected  to  the  Thirty-fifth  Con- 
gress (March  4,  1857-March  3,  1859);  died  in  Ham- 
ilton, N.  Y.,  November  12,  1860. 

Goodwin,  John  Noble,  a  Representative  from 
Maine  and  a  Delegate  from  Arizona  territory; 
born  in  South  Berwick,  Me.,  October  18,  1824;  was 
graduated  from  Dartmouth  college  in  1844;  studied 
law,  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1848,  and  began  prac- 
tice in  South  Berwick ;  member  of  the  state  senate 
in  1854;  elected  as  a  Republican  from  Maine  to  the 
Thirty-seventh  Congress  (March  4,  1861-March  3, 
1863);  moved  to  Arizona  territory  in  1863,  having 
been  appointed  chief  justice  of  the  territory,  which 
position  he  held  until  September,  1865;  appointed 
by  President  Lincoln  on  February  2,  1864  as  gov- 
ernor of  Arizona  territory  and  resigned  in  Septem- 
ber, 1865;  elected  as  a  Republican,  a  Delegate 
from  Arizona  territory  to  the  Thirty-ninth  Con- 
gress (March  4,  1865-March  3,  1867);  resumed  the 
practice  of  law  in  New  York  City;  died  in  Paraiso 
Springs,  CaL,  April  29,  1887. 

Goodwin,  Peterson,  a  Representative  from 
Virginia;  native  of  that  state;  completed  prepara- 


tory studies;  studied  law  and  was  admitted  to  the 
bar;  elected  to  the  Eighth,  Ninth,  Tenth,  Eleventh, 
Twelfth,  Thirteenth,  Fourteenth,  and  Fifteenth 
Congresses  and  served  from  March  4, 1803,  until  his 
death,  February  21,  1818. 

Goodwyn,  Albert  Taylor,  a  Representative 
from  Alabama;  born  in  Robinson  Springs,  Ala., 
December  17,  1842;  attended  the  South  Carolina 
college  and  was  graduated  from  the  University 
of  Virginia  in  1867;  member  of  the  state  house  of 
representatives  1886-1887;  served  in  the  state  sen- 
ate 1892-1896;  state  inspector  of  convicts  1874- 
1880;  enlistd  in  the  Confederate  army,  and  mus- 
tered out  at  the  close  of  the  war  as  captain  of  a 
company  of  sharpshooters;  successfully  contested 
the  election  of  James  E.  Cobb  to  the  Fifty-fourth 
Congress  and  served  from  April  22,  1896,  until 
March  3,  1897;  engaged  in  agricultural  pursuits 
near  Robinson  Springs,  Ala. 

Goodyear,  Charles,  a  Representative  from  New 
York;  born  in  Cobleskill,  N.  Y.,  April  26,  1805;  was 
graduated  from  Union  college  in  1824;  studied  law, 
and  in  1824  was  admitted  to  the  bar;  member  of  the 
state  house  of  representatives  in  1840;  appointed 
first  judge  of  Schoharie  county  in  February, 
1838,  and  served  until  July,  1847;  elected 
as  a  Democrat  to  the  Twenty-ninth  Congress 
(March  4,  1845-March  3,  1847);  resumed  the  prac- 
tice of  law  and  continued  until  1852,  when  he 
engaged  in  the  banking  business;  elected  to  the 
Thirty-ninth  Congress  (March  4,  1865-March  3, 
1867);  delegate  to  the  Union  national  convention 
in  Philadelphia  in  1866,  and  to  the  Democratic 
national  convention  in  New  York  in  1868;  died  in 
Charlottesville,  Va.,  April  9,  1876. 

Gordon,  George  Washington,  a  Representa- 
tive from  Tennessee;  born  in  Giles  county,  Tenn.. 
October  5,  1836;  received  a  collegiate  training  and 
graduated  from  the  Western  military  institute, 
Nashville,  Tenn.,  in  1859;  practiced  civil  engi- 
neering until  the  beginning  of  the  Civil  war;  en- 
listed in  the  military  service  of  the  Confederacy; 
was  drill  master  of  the  eleventh  Tennessee  in- 
fantry; was  successively  a  captain,  lieutenant 
colonel,  colonel,  and  brigadier  general,  and  served 
until  the  close  of  the  war;  studied  law,  was  ad- 
mitted to  the  bar,  and  practiced  until  1883; 
appointed  one  of  the  railroad  commissioners  of 
Tennessee;  in  1855  received  an  appointment  in 
the  Department  of  the  Interior  and  served  four 
years  as  Indian  agent  in  Arizona  and  Nevada; 
returned  to  Memphis,  Tenn.;  resumed  the  practice 
of  law;  superintendent  of  the  Memphis  city  schools, 
1889-1907;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Sixtieth 
and  Sixty-first  Congress  (March  4,  1907-March  3, 
1911);  reelected  to  the  Sixty-second  Congress; 
died  in  Memphis,  Tenn.,  August  9,  1911. 

Gordon,  James,  a  Senator  from  Mississippi; 
born  in  Monroe  county,  Miss.,  December  6,  1833; 
attended  St.  Thomas  hall  in  Holly  Springs,  Miss., 
several  years,  La  Grange  college,  Alabama,  and 
was  graduated  from  the  University  of  Mississippi 
in  1855;  member  of  state  legislature  in  1857; 
located  in  Okolona,  Miss.,  in  1859;  served  in  the 
Confederate  army  with  cavalry  regiments  he  had 
raised  and  organized;  special  commissioner  of  the 
Confederacy  to  visit  European  countries  in  1864; 
captured  in  the  harbor  of  Wilmington,  N.  C., 
on  his  return  in  January,  1865,  but  escaped  Febru- 
ary 22,  1865,  and  fled  to  Canada;  surrendered  to 
Gen.  Dix  in  New  York  City,  and  received  a 
passport  to  his  home;  disfranchised  for  ten  years 


BIOGKAPHIES. 


679 


or  participating  in  the  Mississippi  legislature  of 
1857;  member  or  the  legislature  in  1878,  and  1886; 
of  the  state  senate  in  1904,  and  1906;  appointed 
to  the  United  States  Senate,  to  fill  vacancy  caused 
by  the  death  of  Anselm  J.  McLaurin,  and  served 
from  December  27,  1909,  to  February  22,  1910; 
engaged  in  agricultural  pursuits;  died  in  Okolona, 
Miss.,  November  28,  1912. 

Gordon,  James,  a  Representative  from  New 
York;  born  in  Ireland  in  1743;  came  to  America 
and  located  in  Schenectady,  N.  Y.,  where  he 
engaged  in  Indian  trading;  served  as  a  colonel  in 
the  Revolutionary  war;  located  in  Ballstpn,  N.  Y.; 
member  of  the  state  house  of  representatives  1778- 
1790;  elected  to  the  Second  and  Third  Congresses 
(March  4,  1791-March  3,  1797);  member  of  the 
state  senate  1797-1804;  county  judge;  died  in 
Ballston,  N.  Y.,  January  17,  1810. 

Gordon,  John  Brown,  a  Senator  from  Georgia; 
born  in  Upson  county,  Ga.,  February  6,  1832; 
attended  the  University  of  Georgia;  read  law  and 
was  admitted  to  the  bar  and  practiced  in  Atlanta, 
Ga. ;  at  the  beginning  of  the  Civil  war  entered  the 
Confederate  army  as  captain  of  infantry,  and  occu- 
pied the  positions  of  major,  lieutenant  colonel, 
colonel,  brigadier  general,  and  major  general,  re- 
spectively; commanded  the  second  army  corps  and 
one  wing  of  Gen.  Lee's  army  at  Appomattox;  re- 
sumed the  practice  of  law  in  Atlanta,  Ga.;  Demo- 
cratic candidate  for  governor  in  1868;  member  of 
the  Democratic  national  convention  in  1868  and  in 
1872;  presidential  elector  in  1868  and  in  1872; 
elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  United  States  Senate; 
reelected  and  served  from  March  4, 1873,  until  May, 
1880,  when  he  resigned;  governor  of  Georgia  1886- 
1890;  again  elected  United  States  Senator  and 
served  from  March  4,  1891,  to  March  3,  1897;  died 
in  Miami,  Fla.,  January  9,  1904. 

Gordon,  Robert  Bryarly,  a  Representative 
from  Ohio;  born  near  St.  Mary's,  Auglaize  county, 
Ohio,  August  6,  1855;  attended  the  public  schools; 
postmaster  of  St.  Mary's  1885-1889:  county  auditor 
1890-1896;  after  leaving  Congress  engaged  in  the 
flour  and  grain  business ;  appointed  superintendent 
of  the  document  room  of  the  National  House  of 
Representatives  in  1911,  which  he  now  holds; 
elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Fifty-sixth  and  Fifty- 
seventh  Congresses  (March  4,  1899-March  3,  1903). 

Gordon,  Samuel,  a  Representative  from  New 
York;  born  in  Sidney,  Delaware  county,  N.  Y., 
April  28,  1802;  attended  the  public  schools;  served 
in  the  state  house  of  representatives  in  1820,  1821, 
and  1834;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Twenty- 
seventh  Congress  (March  4, 1841-March  3, 1843);  re- 
elected  to  the  Twenty-ninth  Congress  (March  4, 
1845-March  3,  1847);  provost  marshal  for  the  nine- 
teenth district  of  New  York  1863-1865;  died  in 
Delhi,  Delaware  county,  N.  Y.,  October  28,  1873. 

Gordon,  William,  a  Representative  from  New 
Hampshire;  born  April  12,  1763;  was  graduated 
from  Harvard  college  in  1779;  studied  law  and  was 
admitted  to  practice;  elected  to  the  Fifth  and  Sixth 
Congresses,  and  served  from  March  4,  1797,  until 
June  12,  1800,  when  he  resigned;  died  in  Boston, 
Mass.,  May  8,  1802. 

Gordon,  William  Fitzhugh,  a  Representative 
from  Virginia;  born  in  Germanna,  Orange  county, 
Va.,  January  13,  1787;  attended  country  schools; 
studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  prac- 
ticed in  Charlottesville,  Va. :  member  of  the  state 


house  of  delegates  1819-1831 ;  member  of  the  state 
constitutional  convention  of  1829-1830;  attained 
the  rank  of  major  general  in  the  Virginia  militia; 
elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Twenty-first  Congress, 
to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  the  resignation  of  William 
C.  Rives;  reelected  to  the  Twenty-second  and 
Twenty-third  Congresses,  and  served  from  January 
25,  1830,  to  March  3,  1835;  died  near  Lindsays 
Store,  Albemarle  county,  Va.,  August  28,  1858. 

Gore,  Christopher,  a  Senator  from  Massachu- 
setts; born  in  Boston,  Mass.,  September  21,  1758; 
was  graduated  from  Harvard  college  in  1776; 
studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  began 
practice  in  Boston ;  member  of  the  state  constitu- 
tional convention  of  1788;  United  States  attorney 
for  the  district  of  Massachusetts  1789-1796;  commis- 
sioner to  England  1796-1803;  charg6  d'affaires  at 
London  1803-1804;  member  of  the  state  house  of 
representatives  in  1788,  1789,  and  1808;  served  in 
the  state  senate  1806  and  1807 ;  governor  of  Massa- 
chusetts in  1809;  appointed  and  subsequently 
elected  to  the  United  States  Senate,  to  fill  vacancy 
caused  by  the  resignation  of  James  Lloyd,  and 
served  from  May  5,  1813,  until  May  30,  1816,  when 
he  resigned;  presidential  elector  in  1816;  trustee  of 
Harvard  university;  died  in  Waltham,  Mass., 
March  1, 1827. 

Gore,  Thomas  Pry  or,  a  Senator  from  Oklaho- 
ma; born  in  Webster  county,  Miss.,  December  10, 
1870;  attended  a  local  school  in  Walthall,  Miss., 
and  was  graduated  from  the  law  department  of 
Cumberland  university,  Lebanon,  Tenn.,  in  1892; 
moved  to  Texas  in  1896,  and  to  Oklahoma  in  1901; 
served  one  term  in  the  territorial  senate;  nomi- 
nated for  the  United  States  Senate  in  state  pri- 
mary, June  8,  1907;  appointed  Senator  by  the  gov- 
ernor, November  16,  and  elected  by  the  legislature 
December  11,  1907,  and  reelected  for  the  term  ex- 
piring March  3,  1915. 

Gorham,  Benjamin,  a  Representative  from 
Massachusetts;  born  in  Charlestown,  Mass.,  Feb- 
ruary 13,  1775;  was  graduated  from  Harvard  in 
1795;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the'  bar  and 
practiced  in  Boston,  Mass. ;  elected  to  the  Sixteenth 
Congress,  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  the  resignation 
of  Jonathan  Mason;  reelected  to  the  Seventeenth 
Congress  and  served  from  November  27,  1800,  to 
March  3,  1823;  reelected  to  the  Twentieth  and 
Twenty-first  Congresses  (March  4,  1827-March  3, 
1831) ;  again  reelected  to  the  Twenty-third  Congress 
(March  4, 1833-March  3, 1835);  a  short  time  a  mem- 
ber of  the  state  legislature;  died  in  Boston,  Mass., 
September  27,  1855. 

Gorham,  Nathaniel,  a  Delegate  from  Massa- 
chusetts; born  in  Charlestown,  Mass.,  May  27, 
1738;  attended  the  public  schools;  entered  upon  a 
mercantile  career;  a  member  of  the  colonial  legis- 
lature 1771-1775;  delegate  to  the  provincial  con- 
gress 1774-1775;  member  of  the  board  of  war  1778- 
1781;  delegate  to  the  state  constitutional  conven- 
tion in  1779;  served  in  the  state  senate  1780-1781; 
elected  to  the  Continental  Congress  1782-1783,  and 
again  1785-1787,  serving  the  latter  part  of  his  term 
as  presiding  officer;  delegate  to  the  Federal  consti- 
tutional convention  in  1788 ;  for  several  years  a  judge 
of  the  court  of  common  pleas;  became  interested 
ia  the  purchase  and  settlement  of  lands  in  the 
Genesee  Valley,  N.  Y. ;  died  in  Charlestown,  Mass., 
June  11,  1796. 

Gorman,  Arthur  Pue,  a  Senator  from  Mary- 
land; born  in  Woodstock,  Howard  county,  Md., 


680 


CONGRESSIONAL   DIRECTORY. 


March  11,  1839;  attended  public  schools;  in  1852 
appointed  page  in  the  National  House  of  Represen- 
tatives; transferred  to  the  Senate  floor  through  the 
influence  of  Stephen  A.  Douglas,  and  served  the 
Senate  as  page,  messenger,  assistant  postmaster, 
and  postmaster;  removed  September  1,  1866,  and 
immediately  appointed  collector  of  internal  rev- 
enue for  the  fifth  district  of  Maryland,  and  served 
until  March,  1869;  appointed  a  director  in  the 
Chesapeake  and  Ohio  canal  company  in  June, 
1869;  member  of  the  house  of  delegates  of  the  state 
legislature  1869-1873;  speaker  of  the  house  of  dele- 
gates one  session;  in  June,  1872,  he  was  elected 
president  of  the  Chesapeake  and  Ohio  canal  com- 
pany; in  1875  was  elected  to  the  state  senate;  re- 
elected  in  November,  1879,  for  a  term  of  four 
years;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  United  States 
Senate,  and  twice  reelected,  and  served  from 
March  4,  1881,  to  March  3,  1899;  was  again  elected 
to  the  United  States  Senate,  and  served  from  March 
4, 1903,  until  his  death,  in  Washington,  D.  C.,  June 
4,  1906;  interment  in  Laurel,  Md. 

Gorman,  James  Sedgwick,  a  Representative 
from  Michigan;  born  m  Lindon,  Washtenaw 
county,  Mich.,  December  28,  1850;  attended  the 
common  schools,  the  Union  school  of  Chelsea,  and 
was  graduated  from  the  law  department  of  the  Uni- 
versity of  Michigan  in  1876;  was  admitted  to  the 
bar,  and  engaged  in  practice  in  Jackson,  Mich. ;  two 
years  assistant  prosecuting  attorney  of  Jackson 
county;  moved  to  Dexter,  Mich.,  in  1879;  member 
of  the  state  house  of  representatives  in  1880;  served 
in  the  state  senate  in  1886  and  1888 ;  elected  as  a 
Democrat  to  the  Fifty-second  and  Fifty-third  Con- 
gresses (March  4,  1891-March  3,  1895);  after  the 
expiration  of  his  term  in  Congress  returned  to  his 
farm  near  Chelsea,  Mich. 

Gorman,  Willis  Arnold,  a  Representative  from 
Indiana;  born  near  Flemingsburg,  Ky.,  January 
12,  1816;  pursued  an  academic  course;  studied 
law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1835,  and  began 
practice  in  Bloomington,  Ind.;  clerk  of  the  In- 
diana senate  1837-1838;  major  and  colonel  of  In- 
diana volunteers  in  the  Mexican  war;  elected  as  a 
Democrat  to  the  Thirty-first  and  Thirty-second 
Congresses  (March  4,  1849-March  3,  1853);  territo- 
rial governor  of  Minnesota  1853-1857;  delegate  to 
the  constitutional  convention  of  Minnesota  in  1857 ; 
practiced  law  in  St.  Paul,  Minn.,  1857-1861;  en- 
tered the  Union  army;  colonel  first  Minnesota  in- 
fantry April  29,  1861;  brigadier  general  of  volun- 
teers September  7,  1861;  mustered  out  May  4, 
1864;  elected  city  attorney  of  St.  Paul  in  1869; 
died  in  St.  Paul,  Minn.,  May  20,  1876. 

Goss,  James  H.,  a  Representative  from  South 
Carolina;  born  in  Union,  S.  C.,  August  9,  1820;  at- 
tended the  public  schools;  engaged  in  mercantile 
pursuits;  delegate  to  the  state  constitutional  con- 
vention of  1867;  elected  to  the  Fortieth  Congress, 
and  served  from  July  18,  1868,  to  March  3,  1869. 

Gott,  Daniel,  a  Representative  from  New  York; 
born  in  Hebron,  Conn.,  July  10,  1793;  attended 
the  public  schools;  moved  to  Powpey  in  1817; 
studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1819,  and 
began  practice  in  Powpey,  N.  Y.;  elected  as  a 
Whig  to  the  Thirtieth  and  Thirty-first  Congresses 
(March  4, 1847-March  3, 1851);  moved  to  Syracuse, 
N.  Y.,  in  1853;  died  in  Syracuse,  N.  Y.,  July  6, 1864. 

Gould,  Herman  Day,  a  Representative  from 
New  York;  born  in  Sharon,  Litchfield  county, 
Conn.,  January  16,  1799;  pursued  an  academic 


course;  elected  as  a  Whig  to  the  Thirty-first  Con- 
gress (March  4,  1849-March  3,  1851);  died  in 
Delhi,  N.  Y.,  January  26,  1852. 

Goulden,  Joseph  Aloy^ius,  a  Representative 
from  New  York ;  born  in  Littlestown,  Adams  county, 
Pa.,  August  1, 1844;  attended  the  common  schools ; 
served  in  the  marine  corps  of  the  navy  1864-1865; 
member  board  of  managers  state  reformatory  at 
Mprganza,  Pa.;  moved  to  New  York  City;  com- 
missioner and  trustee  of  public  schools  for  ten  years; 
member  of  the  board  of  trustees,  soldiers'  home, 
Bath,  N.  Y.;  secretary  and  member  of . the  New 
York  City  commission  that  erected  the  soldiers  and 
sailors'  monument  in  Riverside  Park;  elected  as 
a  Democrat  to  the  Fifty-eighth,  Fifty-ninth,  Six- 
tieth, and  Sixty-first  Congresses  (March  4,  1903- 
1911);  engaged  m  the  insurance  business  in  New 
York  City. 

Gourdin,  Theodore,  a  Representative  from 
South  Carolina;  pursued  an  academic  course; 
elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Thirteenth  Congress 
(March  4,  1813-March  3,  1815). 

Govan,  Andrew  R.,  a  Representative  from 
South  Carolina;  born  in  Orangeburg,  S.  C.;  pur- 
sued classical  studies;  elected  to  the  Seventeenth 
Congress,  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  the  death  of 
James  Overstreet;  reelected  to  the  Eighteenth  and 
Nineteenth  Congresses,  and  served  from  December 
4,  1822,  to  March  3,  1827. 

Gove,  Samuel  Francis,  a  Representative  from 
Georgia;  born  in  Weymouth,  Mass.,  March  9,  1822; 
attended  the  public  schools;  elected  to  the  For- 
tieth Congress,  and  served  from  July  25,  1868,  to 
March  3,  1869;  in  1877  became  a  Baptist  minister 
and  was  a  traveling  missionary  from  1879  uutil  his 
death;  died  at  St.  Augustine,  Fla.,  December  3, 
1900;  interment  in  Macon,  Ga. 

Grady,  Benjamin  Franklin,  a  Representa- 
tive from  North  Carolina;  born  in  Duplin  county, 
N.  C.,  October  10,  1831;  attended  public  schools, 
and  was  graduated  from  the  University  of  North 
Carolina  in  1857;  professor  of  mathematics  and 
natural  sciences  in  Austin  college;  located  in 
Huntsville,  Tex.;  enlisted  in  a  Texas  Confederate 
regiment;  served  in  the  Trans-Mississippi  depart- 
ment until  captured  with  his  whole  command  at 
Arkansas  Post,  January  11,  1863;  located  in  North 
Carolina  at  the  close  of  the  war  and  engaged  in 
teaching  and  in  agricultural  pursuits;  superinten- 
dent of  public  schools  of  Duplin  county  1881-1888; 
justice  of  the  peace  1879-1890;  elected  as  a  Demo- 
crat to  the  Fifty-second  and  Fifty-third  Congresses 
(March  4,  1891-March  3,  1895);  retired  and  resides 
in  Clinton,  N.  C. 

Graff,  Joseph  Verdi,  a  Representative  from 
Illinois;  born  in  Terre  Haute,  Ind.,  July  1,  1854; 
was  graduated  from  the  Terre  Haute  high  school, 
and  attended  Wabash  college,  Crawfprdsville,  Ind., 
one  year;  studied  law  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar 
while  living  in  Delavan,  111.,  in  1879;  delegate  to 
the  Republican  national  convention  in  Minne- 
apolis in  1892;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the 
Fifty-fourth,  and  to  the  seven  succeeding  Con- 
gresses (March  4,  1895-March  3,  1911);  moved  to 
Peoria,  111 . ,  in  1899  and  resumed  the  practice  of  law . 

Graham,  James,  a  Representative  from  North 
Carolina;  born  in  Lincoln  county,  N.  C.,  January, 
1793;  pursued  classical  studies  and  was  graduated 
from  the  University  of  North  Carolina  in  1814; 


BIOGBAPHIES. 


681 


studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  prac- 
ticed; moved  to  Rutherford  county,  which  he  rep- 
resented in  the  state  house  of  commons  1822-1823, 
1828-1829;  elected  to  the  Twenty-third,  Twenty- 
fourth,  Twenty-fifth,  Twenty-sixth,  and  Twenty- 
seventh  Congresses,  and  served  from  December  2, 
1833,  to  March  3,  1843,  excepting  from  March  25, 
1836,  to  December  5,  18.36,  when  a  Democratic 
House  declared  the  seat  vacant,  but  at  a  new  elec- 
tion again  elected;  defeated  for  the  Twenty-eighth 
Congress;  elected  as  a  Whig  to  the  Twenty-ninth 
Congress  (March  4,  1845-March  3,  1847);  engaged 
in  agricultural  pursuits;  died  in  Rutherford  county, 
N.  C.,  September  25,  1851. 

Graham,  James  Harper,  a  Representative 
from  New  York;  born  in  Bovina,  Delaware  county, 
N.  Y.,  September  18,  1812;  attended  the  public 
schools;  supervisor  of  the  town  of  Delhi,  N.  Y.; 
chairman  of  the  board  of  supervisors  of  Delaware 
county;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Thirty- 
sixth  Congress  (March  4,  1859-March  3,  1861); 
presidential  elector  on  the  Republican  ticket  in 
1868;  member  of  the  state  house  of  representatives 
in  1871;  served  in  the  state  senate  in  1872  and 
1873;  died  in  Delhi,  N.  Y.,  June  23,  1881. 

Graham,  James  McMahon,  a  Representative 
from  Illinois;  born  in  Ireland,  April  14,  1852;  came 
to  the  United  States,  and  settled  in  Sangamon 
county,  111.,  in  1868;  attended  common  schools; 
taught  school  for  seven  years;  studied  law,  was 
admitted  to  the  bar  in  1885,  and  practiced  in 
Springfield,  111.;  served  in  the  Illinois  legislature 
1885-1886;  state  attorney  for  Sangamon  county, 
1892-1896;  member  of  the  Springfield  school  board; 
elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Sixty-first  Congress 
(March  4,  1909-March  3,  1911).  Reelected  to  the 
Sixty-second  Congress. 

Graham,  John  Hugh,  a  Representative  from 
New  York;  born  in  Belfast,  Ireland,  April  1,  1835; 
came  with  his  parents  to  this  country  and  located  in 
Brooklyn,  N.  Y.;  attended  the  public  schools  of 
Brooklyn;  in  1861  recruited  company  A,  fifth  regi- 
ment heavy  artillery,  New  York  volunteers,  and 
served  three  years  as  its  captain,  and  for  gallant 
and  meritorious  service  at  Harpers  Ferry  and  in 
the  Shenandoah  Valley,  Va.,  was  commissioned 
major  and  bre vetted  lieutenant  colonel;  engaged 
in  the  hardware  business  in  Brooklyn,  N.  Y.; 
elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Fifty-third  Congress 
(March  4,  1893-March  3,  1895);  died  in  Brooklyn, 
N.  Y.,  July  11,  1895. 

Graham,  William,  a  Representative  from  In- 
diana; born  at  sea,  March  16,  1782;  settled  with  his 
parents  in  Kentucky;  attended  public  schools  of 
Harrodsburg,  Ky.;  moved  to  Vallonia,  Ind.  in  1811; 
studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  practiced 
in  Vallonia,  Ind.;  member  of  the  territorial  legisla- 
ture in  1812;  member  of  the  first  general  assembly; 
delegate  to  the  state  constitutional  convention  of 
1816;  speaker  of  the  house  of  representatives  in 
1820;  member  of  the  state  senate;  elected  as  a  Whig 
to  the  Twenty-fifth  Congress  (March  4,  1837- 
March  3, 1839);  died  near  Vallonia,  Ind.,  August  17, 
1858. 

Graham,  William  Alexander,  a  Senator  from 
North  Carolina;  born  in  Lincoln  county,  N.  C., 
September  5,  1804;  pursued  classical  studies  and 
was  graduated  from  the  University  of  North  Caro- 
lina in  1824;  studied  law  in  Newbern,  was  admitted 
to  the  bar,  and  began  practice  in  Hillsboro,  N.  C.; 
member  of  the  state  house  of  commons  1833-1840; 


and  served  as  speaker  during  sessions  of  1838  and 
1840;  elected  to  the  United  States  Senate,  to  fill 
vacancy  caused  by  the  resignation  of  Robert 
Strange,  and  served  from  November  25,  1840,  to 
March  3,  1843;  elected  governor  of  North  Carolina 
in  1844  as  a  Whig  and  reelected  in  1846;  after  de- 
clining the  mission  to  Spain,  in  1849,  was  Secre- 
tary of  the  Navy  from  July  20,  1850,  until  March  7, 
1853;  Whig  candidate  for  Vice  President  in  1852; 
member  state  house  of  commons  1854-1855;  mem- 
ber of  the  state  senate  1861-1864;  senator  in  the 
second  Confederate  congress;  delegate  to  the  Phila- 
delphia Union  convention  in  1866;  died  in  Sara- 
toga Springs,  N.  Y.,  August  11,  1875. 

Graham,  William  Harrison,  a  Representative 
from  Pennsylvania;  born  in  Allegheny,  Pa.,  August 
3,  1844,  and  attended  the  public  schools;  served  in 
the  Civil  war  with  the  second  Virginia  infantry, 
which,  after  a  service  of  two  years,  was  mounted 
and  became  the  fifth  West  Virginia  cavalry;  en- 
gaged in  business  in  Allegheny,  Pa.;  recorder  of 
deeds  of  Allegheny  county  for  three  terms;  mem- 
ber of  the  state  legislature  for  four  sessions;  elected 
as  a  Republican  to  the  Fifty-fifth,  Fifty-sixth,  and 
Fifty-seventh  Congresses  (March  4,  1897-March  3, 
1903);  defeated  for  reelection  to  the  Fifty-eighth 
Congress;  reelected  to  the  Fifty-ninth,  Sixtieth, 
and  Sixty-first  Congresses  (March  4,  1905-March  3, 
1911);  defeated  in  the  Republican  primaries  for 
renomination;  member  of  the  county  board  view- 
ers, and  resides  in  Allegheny,  Pa. 

Granger,  Amos  Phelps,  a  Representative  from 
New  York;  born  in  Suffield,  Conn.,  June  3,  1789; 
attended  the  public  schools;  moved  to  Manlius, 
N.  Y.,  in  1811,  where  he  was  president  of  the 
corporation  several  years;  served  as  captain  in  the 
war  of  1812  at  Sacketts  Harbor  and  upon  the 
Canadian  border;  moved  to  Syracuse,  N.  Y.,  in 
1820  and  engaged  in  numerous  business  enterprises; 
delivered  the  address  of  welcome  when  Lafayette 
visited  Syracuse  in  1825;  delegate  in  the  Whig 
national  convention  of  1824;  elected  as  a  Whig  to 
the  Thirty-fourth  and  Thirty-fifth  Congresses 
(March  4,  1855-March  3,  1859);  died  in  Syracuse, 
N.  Y.,  August  20,  1866. 

Granger,  Bradley  Francis,  a  Representative 
from  Michigan;  born  in  Lowville,  Lewis  county, 
N.  Y.,  March  12,  1825;  attended  the  public  schools; 
studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  prac- 
ticed; moved  to  Ann  Arbor,  Mich.;  elected  as  a 
Democrat  to  the  Thirty-seventh  Congress  (March  4, 
1861-March  3,  1863);  died  in  Ann  Arbor,  Mich., 
November  4,  1882. 

Granger,  Daniel  Larned  Davis,  a  Represen- 
tative from  Rhode  Island;  born  in  Providence, 
R.  I.,  May  30,  1852;  was  graduated  from  Brown 
university  in  1874  and  from  the  law  department 
of  Boston  university  in  1877;  was  admitted  to  the 
Rhode  Island  bar  in  1877,  and  entered  practice  in 
Providence;  twice  elected  reading  clerk  of  the 
state  house  of  representatives;  city  treasurer  of 
Providence  1890-1901;  elected  mayor  of  Provi- 
dence in  November,  1900,  and  reelected  in  1901; 
elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Fifty-eighth,  Fifty- 
ninth,  and  Sixtieth  Congresses,  and  served  from 
March  4, 1903,  until  his  death  in  Washington,  D.  C., 
February  14,  1909;  interment  in  Providence,  R.  I. 

Granger,  Francis,  a  Representative  from  New 
York;  born  in  Suffield,  Conn.,  December  1,  1792; 
pursued  classical  studies  and  was  graduated  from 
Yale  college  in  1811;  moved  with  his  father  to 


682 


CONGKESSIONAL   DIKECTOEY. 


Canandaigua,  N.  Y.,  in  1814;  studied  law,  was  ad- 
mitted to  the  bar  in  1816,  and  commenced  practice 
in  Canandaigua,  N.  Y.;  member  of  the  state  house 
of  representatives  1826-1828,  and  in  1830-1832; 
unsuccessful  candidate  for  lieutenant  governor  of 
New  York  in  1828;  unsuccessful  candidate  of  the 
National  Republicans  for  governor  of  New  York 
in  1830  and  1832;  delegate  to  the  National  Anti- 
Masonic  convention  in  Philadelphia  September  11, 
1830;  defeated  as  the  Whig  and  Anti-Masonic  can- 
didate for  Vice  President  in  1836;  elected  as  a  Whig 
to  the  Twenty-fourth  Congress  (March  4,  1835- 
March  3,  1837);  defeated  as  the  Whig  candidate  for 
the  Twenty-fifth  Congress;  elected  to  the  Twenty- 
sixth  Congress  (March  4,  1839-March  3,  1841);  ap- 
pointed by  President  Harrison  Postmaster  General 
of  the  United  States,  and  served  from  March  6, 
1841,  to  September  18,  1841;  again  reelected  as  a 
Whig  to  the  Twenty-seventh  Congress,  to  fill  va- 
cancy caused  by  the  resignation  of  John  Greig, 
and  served  from  December  7,  1841,  to  March  3, 
1843;  delegate  to  the  peace  convention  in  1861; 
died  in  Canandaigua,  N.  Y.,  August  31,  1868. 

Grander,  Miles  Tobey,  a  Representative  from 
Connecticut;  born  in  New  Marlboro,  Berkshire 
county,  Mass.,  August  12,  1817;  moved  with  his 
parents  to  Canaan,  Conn,  in  1819;  pursued  common 
school,  academic,  and  collegiate  studies,  and  was 
graduated  from  Wesleyan  university,  Middletown, 
Conn.,  in  1842;  went  to  Louisiana  in  1843;  studied 
law  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar  of  Wilkinson 
county,  Miss.,  in  April,  1845;  returned  to  Canaan, 
Conn.;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  Litchfield 
in  October,  1845  and  practiced  law  in  Canaan 
1847-1867;  elected  judge  of  the  superior  court  of 
Connecticut,  and  in  1876  elected  judge  of  the 
supreme  court  and  served  until  March  1,  1887, 
when  he  resigned;  member  of  the  state  house  of 
representatives  in  1857,  served  in  the  senate  1866- 
1867;  judge  of  the  superior  court  nineteen  and  one- 
half  years;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Fiftieth 
Congress  (March  4,  1887-March  3,  1889);  died  in 
North  Canaan,  Conn.,  October  21,  1895. 

Grant,  Abraham  P.,  a  Representative  from 
New  York;  born  in  Oswego,  N.  Y.;  attended  the 
public  schools;  district  attorney  of  Oswego  county; 
elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Twenty -fifth  Congress 
(March  4,  1837-March  3, 1839). 

Grant,  John  Gaston,  a  Representative  from 
North  Carolina;  born  in  Edneyville  township, 
Henderson  county,  N.  C.,  January  1,  1858; 
received  a  limited  schooling;  member  of  the  state 
legislature  in  1889;  declined  a  renomination; 
sheriff  of  Henderson  county  in  1892,  and  reelected 
in  1894;  refused  a  renomination  in  1896;  McKinley 
elector  in  1896;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the 
Sixty-first  Congress  (March  4, 1909-March  3, 1911); 
reengaged  in  farming  in  Henderson  county,  N.  C. 

Grantland,  Seaton,  a  Representative  from 
Georgia;  born  in  New  Kent  county,  Va.,  June  8, 
1812;  pursued  an  academic  course,  studied  law,  was 
admitted  to  the  bar  and  commenced  practice  in 
Milledgeville,  Ga. ;  elected  as  a  Union  candidate  on 
a  general  ticket  to  the  Twenty-fourth  and  Twenty- 
fifth  Congresses  (March  4,  1835-March  3,  1839);  a 
presidential  elector  on  the  Harrison  and  Tyler 
ticket  in  1840;  died  in  Milledgeville,  Ga.,  October 
18,  1864. 

Gravely,  Joseph  J.,  a  Representative  from 
Missouri;  born  in  Henry  county,  Va.,  in  1828; 
attended  public  schools;  member  of  the  state  legis- 


lature 1853-1854;  moved  to  Missouri  in  1854;  elected 
to  the  constitutional  convention  in  1860  and  to  the 
state  senate  in  1862  and  1864;  served  in  the  Union 
Army  as  colonel  of  the  eighth  Missouri  cavalry; 
elected  as  a  Radical  to  the  Fortieth  Congress 
(March  4, 1867-March  3, 1869);  lieutenant-governor 
of  Missouri  1869-1872;  died  April  28,  1872. 

Graves,  Alexander,  a  Representative  from 
Missouri;  born  in  Mount  Carmel,  Miss.,  August  18, 
1848;  at  the  outbreak  of  the  war  he  left  Centre 
college,  Danville,  Ky.;  joined  the  Confederate 
army  and  served  under  Gen.  N.  B.  Forrest;  paroled 
with  him  in  Gainesville,  Ala.,  May,  1865;  after 
being  mustered  out  returned  to  college  and  was 
graduated  from  Oakland  (now  Alcorn)  university, 
Mississippi,  in  July,  1867;  studied  law,  and  was 
graduated  from  the  University  of  Virginia  in  June, 
1869;  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  practiced  law  in 
Lexington,  Mo.;  elected  city  attorney  in  1872; 
prosecuting  attorney  of  Lafayette  county,  Mo.,  in 
1874;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Forty-eighth 
Congress  (March  4,  1883-March  3,  1885);  resumed 
the  practice  of  law  and  resides  in  Lexington,  Mo. 

Graves,  William  J.,  a  Representative  from 
Kentucky;  born  in  Newcastle,  Ky.,  in  1805;  pur- 
sued an  academic  course;  studied  law,  was  admit- 
ted to  the  bar  and  commenced  practice;  member  of 
the  state  house  of  representatives  in  1834;  elected 
as  a  Whig;  to  the  Twenty-fourth,  Twenty-fifth,  and 
Twenty-sixth  Congresses  (March  4,  1835-March  3, 
1841);  member  of  the  state  legislature  in  1843;  died 
in  Louisville,  Ky.,  September  27,  1848. 

Gray,  Edwin,  a  Representative  from  Virginia; 
born  in  Virginia  in  1769;  attended  the  public 
schools;  served  in  the  state  house  of  burgesses 
1769-1774;  member  of  the  house  of  delegates; 
elected  to  the  state  senate;  member  of  the  state 
constitutional  conventions  of  1774,  1775  and  1776; 
elected  to  the  Sixth,  Seventh,  Eighth,  Ninth, 
Tenth,  Eleventh,  and  Twelfth  Congresses  (March 
4,  1799-March  3,  1813);  died  about  1790. 

Gray,  George,  a  Senator  from  Delaware;  born 
in  Newcastle,  Del.,  May  4,  1840;  attended  the 
common  schools,  and  was  graduated  from  Prince- 
ton college,  1862;  studied  law  with  his  father  and 
one  year  in  the  Harvard  law  school;  was  admitted 
to  practice  in  1863;  appointed  attorney  general 
of  Delaware  in  1879  by  Governor  Hall,  and  re- 
appointed  in  1884  by  Governor  Stockley;  delegate 
to  the  Democratic  national  conventions  in  St. 
Louis  in  1876,  in  Cincinnati  in  1880,  and  in  Chicago 
in  1884 ;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  United  States 
Senate,  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  the  resignation  of 
Thomas  F.  Bayard;  reelected  in  1887  and  1898  and 
served  from  March  19,  1885  until  March  3,  1899; 
member  of  the  commission  which  met  in  Quebec, 
August,  1898,  to  settle  differences  between  United 
States  and  Canada;  later  of  the  commission  which 
met  in  Paris  in  September,  1898,  to  arrange  terms 
of  peace  between  the  United  States  and  Spain; 
appointed  judge  of  the  United  States  circuit  court 
by  President  McKinley  in  1899;  in  October,  1902, 
appointed  chairman  of  the  commission  to  inves- 
tigate conditions  of  the  coal  strike  in  Pennsylvania; 
appointed  by  President  McKinley,  a  member  of 
the  permanent  court  of  arbitration  at  The  Hague 
in  1900;  reappointed  in  1906  by  President  Roose- 
velt; member  of  said  court  in  the  North  Atlantic 
Coast  Fisheries  arbitration,  under  the  special 
agreement  between  the  United  States  and  Great 
Britain,  of  January  27, 1909;  resides  in  Wilmington, 
Del. 


BIOGRAPHIES. 


683 


Gray,  Hiram,  a  Representative  from  New  York; 
born  in  Salem,  Washington  county,  N.  Y.,  July  10, 
1801;  was  graduated  from  Union  college  in  1821; 
studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1823  and 
practiced  in  Elmira,  N.  Y.,  1825-1828;  elected  as 
a  Democrat  to  the  Twenty-fifth  Congress  (March  4, 
1837-March  3,  1839);  appointed  by  Governor  Silas 
Wright  circuit  judge  and  vice  chancellor  of  the 
sixth  judicial  district  of  New  York  in  1846;  elected 
justice  of  the  supreme  court  of  New  York  in  1847; 
reelected  in  1851,  and  served  until  1860;  com- 
missioner of  appeals  1870-1875;  died  in  Elmira, 
N.  Y.,  May  6,  1890. 

Gray,  John  C.,  a  Representative  from  Virginia; 
born  in  Southampton  county,  Va.;  pursued  an 
academic  course;  elected  to  the  Sixteenth  Con- 

fress  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  the  resignation  of 
ames  Johnson,   and  served  from  November  18, 
1820,  to  March  3,  1821. 

Grayson,  William,  a  Delegate  and  a  Senator 
from  Virginia;  born  in  Prince  William  county, 
Va.,  in  1740;  attended  the  University  of  Pennsyl- 
vania; was  sent  abroad  and  pursued  classical  stud- 
ies in  England  and  was  graduated  from  the  Uni- 
versity of  Oxford;  studied  law  at  the  Temple  in 
London;  returned  to  Virginia  and  practiced  law 
in  Dumfries;  was  aid-de-camp  to  General  Washing- 
ton, August  24,  1776;  entered  the  Revolutionary 
army  as  colonel  of  a  Virginia  regiment,  January  1, 
1777;  distinguished  himself  at  the  battle  of  Mon- 
mouth  in  1778;  member  of  the  board  of  war  1780- 
1781,  delegate  in  the  Continental  Congress,  1784- 
1787;  member  of  the  Virginia  convention  of  1788 
for  the  adoption  of  the  Federal  Constitution  which 
he  opposed;  elected  to  the  United  States  Senate 
and  served  from  March  4,  1789,  until  his  death  in 
Dumfries,  Va.,  March  12,  1790;  final  interment  in 
the  restored  vault  in  Belle  Air,  the  old  family 
estate  near  Dumfries,  Va. 

Grayson,  William  John,  a  Representative 
from  South  Carolina;  born  in  Beaufort,  S.  C.,  No- 
vember 10,  1788;  pursued  classical  studies,  and 
was  graduated  from  the  South  Carolina  college 
in  1809 ;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and 
began  practice  in  Beaufort,  S.  C. ;  appointed  a  com- 
missioner in  equity;  member  of  the  state  house  of 
representatives  in  1813;  served  in  the  state  senate 
in  1831 ;  elected  as  a  Whig  to  the  Twenty-third  and 
Twenty-fourth  Congresses  (March  4,  1883-March 
3,  1887);  collector  of  customs  in  Charleston  1841- 
1843;  died  in  Newberry,  S.  C.,  October  4,  1863. 

Greeley,  Horace,  a  Representative  from  New 
York;  born  in  Amherst,  N.  H.,  February  3,  1811; 
attended  the  public  schools;  apprenticed  to  the  art 
of  printing  in  East  Poultney,  Vt.,  1826-1830; 
worked  as  a  journeyman  printer  in  Erie,  Pa.,  and 
after  August,  1831,  in  New  York  City;  commenced 
the  publication  of  the  Morning  Post  January  1, 
1833,  but  it  was  soon  discontinued;  published  the 
New  Yorker  1834-1841;  edited  the  Log  Cabin  to 
1840;  founded  the  New  York  Tribune  April  10, 
1841,  and  edited  it  until  his  death;  elected  as  a 
Whig  to  the  Thirtieth  Congress,  to  fill  vacancy 
caused  by  the  unseating  of  David  S.  Jackson,  and 
served  from  December  4,  1848,  to  March  3,  1849; 
visited  Europe  in  1851,  and  was  chairman  of  one  of 
the  juries  at  the  World's  Fair;  presidential  elector 
on  the  Lincoln  and  Johnson  ticket  in  1864;  dele- 
gate to  the  state  constitutional  convention  of  1867 ; 
at  the  close  of  the  Civil  war  advocated  universal 
amnesty  and  universal  suffrage,  and  in  May,  1867, 


offered  himself  as  bail  for  Jefferson  Davis;  in 
November,  1867,  appointed  by  President  Johnson 
United  States  minister  to  Austria,  but  declined; 
nominated  by  the  Reform  Republicans  in  Cincin- 
nati in  1872  and  by  the  Democrats  in  Baltimore 
for  the  Presidency,  but  was  defeated  by  General 
Grant;  died  in  an  asylum  near  New  York  city  No- 
vember 29,  1872. 

Green,  Byram,  a  Representative  from  New 
York;  born  in  East  Windsor,  Mass.,  April  15, 
1786;  attended  the  public  schools,  and  was  grad- 
uated from  Williams  college  in  1808;  professor  in 
college,  Beaufort,  S,  C.,  in  1810;  judge  of  the  cir- 
cuit court  of  Wayne  county  in  1814;  fought  in  the 
battle  of  Sodus  Point  in  1812;  member  of  the  state 
assembly  in  1816-1822;  served  in  the  state  senate 
1823-1824;  elected  to  the  Twenty-eighth  Congress 
(March  4,  1843-March  3,  1845);  died  in  Sodus, 
Wayne  county,  N.  Y.,  October  18,  1865. 

Green,  Frederick  William,  a  Representative 
from  Ohio;  born  in  Fredericktown,  Md.,  February 
18,  1816;  pursued  an  academic  course;  studied  law, 
was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  began  practice  in 
Tiffin,  Ohio;  after  holding  several  local  offices  was 
elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Thirty-second  and 
Thirty-third  Congresses  (March  4,  1851-March  3, 
1855);  commissioner  from  Ohio  to  the  Philadel- 
phia Centennial  exposition;  state  oil  inspector; 
editor  of  the  Cleveland  Plain  Dealer;  died  in 
Cleveland,  Ohio,  June  18,  1879. 

Green,  Henry  Dickinson,  a  Representative 
from  Pennsylvania;  born  in  Reading,  Berks  county, 
Pa.,  May  3,  1857;  attended  the  public  schools  and 
was  graduated  from  the  Reading  high  school  in 
1872  and  Yale  university  in  1877;  admitted  to 
practice  law  in  the  Berks  county  bar  in  November, 
1879;  member  of  the  house  of  representatives  of 
Pennsylvania  1883-1884  and  1885-1886;  member  of 
the  state  senate  1889-1896;  elected  as  a  Democrat 
to  the  Fifty-sixth  Congress,  to  fill  vacancy  caused 
by  the  death  of  Daniel  Ermentrout;  reelected  to 
the  Fifty-seventh  Congress,  and  served  from 
December  4,  1899,  to  March  3,  1903. 

Green,  Iimis,  a  Representative  from  Pennsyl- 
vania; born  in  Hanover  township,  Pa.,  March  25, 
1776;  pursued  an  academic  course;  studied  law  and 
was  admitted  to  the  bar;  appointed  one  of  the 
associate  judges  of  Dauphin  county  by  Governor 
Findlay,  August  10,  1818,  and  resigned  October 
23,  1827;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Twentieth 
and  Twenty-first  Congresses  (March  4,  1827-March 
3,  1831);  reappointed  associate  judge  of  Dauphin 
county  and  served  until  his  death;  died  in  Dau- 
phin, Pa.,  August  4,  1839. 

Green,  Isaiah  Lewis,  a  Representative  from 
Massachusetts;  born  in  Barnstable,  Mass.,  Decem- 
ber 28,  1761;  pursued  classical  studies  and  was 
graduated  from  Harvard  college  in  1781;  studied 
law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar  and  practiced;  elected 
to  the  Ninth  and  Tenth  Congresses  (March  4,  1805- 
March  3,  1809)  reelected  to  the  Twelfth  Congress 
(March  4,  1811-March  3,  1813);  held  several  local 
offices;  died  in  Cambridge,  Mass.,  December  5, 
1841. 

Green,  James  S.,  a  Representative  and  a  Sena- 
tor from  Missouri;  born  in  Fauquier  county,  Va., 
February  28,  1817;  attended  the  public  schools; 
moved  to  Alabama,  and  then  to  Missouri;  studied 
law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1840  and  com- 
menced practice  in  Canton,  Mo.;  presidential 


684 


CONGRESSIONAL   DIRECTOEY. 


elector  on  the  Polk  and  Dallas  ticket  in  1844; 
delegate  to  the  state  constitutional  convention  of 
1845;  elected  to  the  Thirtieth  and  Thirty-first 
Congresses  (March  4,  1847-March  3,  1851);  charge 
d'affaires  to  Colombia  May  24,  1853,  to  August 
13,  1854;  appointed  minister  resident  June  29, 

1854,  but  did  not  present  his  credentials;  elected 
as  a  Democrat  to  the  Thirty-fifth  Congress,  but  did 
not  take  his  seat,  having  been  elected  to  the  United 
States  Senate  for  the  term  commencing  March  4, 

1855.  and  served  from  January  12, 1857,  to  March  3, 
1861;  died  in  St.  Louis,  Mo.;  January  19,  1870. 

Green,  Robert  Stockton,  a  Representative 
from  New  Jersey;  born  in  Princeton,  N.  J.,  March 
25,  1831;  was  graduated  from  the  College  of  New 
Jersey  in  ]  850;  studied  law  and  was  admitted  to  the 
bar  in  1853;  city  attorney  of  Elizabeth  1857-1868; 
surrogate  of  Union  county  1862-1867;  presiding 
judge  of  Union  county  court  of  common  pleas 
1868-1873;  member  of  the  commission  to  suggest 
amendments  to  the  constitution  of  New  Jersey  in 
1873;  became  a  member  of  the  bar  of  New  York  in 
1874;  delegate  to  the  Democratic  national  conven- 
tions of  1860  and  1880;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to 
the  Forty-ninth  Congress,  and  served  from  March 
4,  1885,  until  he  resigned,  January  17,  1887;  gov- 
ernor of  New  Jersey  1887-1889;  appointed  vice- 
chancellor  for  a  term  of  seven  years  in  1890;  judge 
of  the  court  of  errors  and  appeals;  died  in  Eliza- 
beth, N.  J.,  May  7,  1895. 

Green,  Wharton  Jackson,  a  Representative 
from  North  Carolina;  born  near  St.  Marks,  Fla., 
February  28,  1831;  attended  Georgetown  college, 
Lovejoy's  academy  in  Raleigh,  the  United  States 
military  academy  in  West  Point,  N.  Y.,  and  the 
University  of  Virginia;  pursued  legal  studies  in  the 
University  of  Virginia  and  in  Cumberland  uni- 
versity; was  lieutenant-colonel,  commanding  sec- 
ond North  Carolina  battalion  in  the  Confederate 
army;  afterwards  on  General  Daniel's  staff; 
wounded  and  taken  prisoner  at  the  battle  of  Gettys- 
burg; delegate  to  tne  Democratic  national  con- 
vention in  New  York  in  1868;  delegate  to  the 
Democratic  national  convention  in  St.  Louis;  state 
alternate  to  the  Democratic  national  convention 
in  Cincinnati;  candidate  for  presidential  elector 
on  the  Democratic  ticket  in  1868;  elected  as  a 
Democrat  to  the  Forty-eighth  and  Forty-ninth 
Congresses  (March  4,  1883-March  3,  1887);  died  in 
Fayetteville,  N.  C.,  August  6,  1910. 

Green,  Willis,  a  Representative  from  Kentucky; 
native  of  the  Shenandoah  Valley,  Virginia;  at- 
tended the  public  schools;  located  in  that  part  of 
Virginia  which  is  now  the  State  of  Kentucky; 
member  of  the  state  constitutional  convention  in 
1792;  surveyor  for  locating  land  warrants;  member 
of  the  state  legislature  in  1836  and  1837;  elected 
as  a  Whig  to  the  Twenty-sixth,  Twenty-seventh, 
and  Twenty-eighth  Congresses  (March  4,  1839- 
March  3,  1845). 

Greene,  Albert  Collins,  a  Senator  from  Rhode 
Island;  born  in  East  Greenwich,  R.  I.,  April  15, 
1791;  pursued  an  academic  course;  studied  law  in 
New  York,  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar;  returned 
to  Rhode  Island,  and  commenced  practice;  mem- 
ber of  the  state  house  of  representatives  in  1816, 
1822-1825,  and  served  the  last  year  as  speaker; 
brigadier  general  and  major  general  in  the  militia; 
attorney  general  of  Rhode  Island  1825-1843 ;  elected 
as  a  Whig  to  the  United  States  Senate,  and  served 
from  March  4, 1845,  to  March  3,  1851;  again  a  mem- 
ber of  the  state  house  of  representatives  and  of  the 


state  senate;  died  in  Providence,  R.  I.,  January  8, 
1863. 

Greene,  George  Woodward,  a  Representative 
from  New  York;  born  in  Mt.  Hope,  Orange  county, 
N.  Y.,  July  4,  1831;  pursued  classical  studies  and 
was  graduated  from  the  University  of  Pennsyl- 
vania; taught  school;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to 
the  bar  in  1860,  and  commenced  practice  in  Gosh  en, 
N.  Y.,  school  commissioner  for  Orange  county; 
judge  of  the  Orange  county  courts  1861-1864;  pre- 
sented credentials  as  a  Democratic  member-elect 
to  the  Forty-first  Congress,  and  served  from  March 
4,  1869,  to  February  17,  1870,  when  he  was  suc- 
ceeded by  Charles  H.  Van  Wyck,  who  contested 
his  election;  member  of  the  state  assembly  1885- 
1888;  died  in  New  York  City,  July  21,  1895;  inter- 
ment in  Mount  Hope,  N.  Y. 

Greene,  Bay,  a  Senator  from  Rhode  Island; 
born  in  Warwick,  R.  I.,  February  2,  1765;  pursued 
classical  studies,  graduating  from  Yale  college  in 
1784;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar  and 
began  practice  in  Providence,  R.  I.;  attorney  gen- 
eral of  Rhode  Island  1794-1797;  elected  to  the 
United  States  Senate,  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  the 
resignation  of  William  Bradford,  and  served  from 
November  13,  1797,  to  March  5,  1801,  when  he 
resigned;  died  in  Warwick,  R.  I.,  January  11, 1849. 

Greene,  Thomas  M.,  a  Delegate  from  Missis- 
sippi territory;  native  of  Virginia;  moved  to  Bruins- 
burg,  Mississippi  territory;  engaged  in  planting; 
elected  a  Delegate  to  the  Seventh  Congress,  to  fill 
vacancy  caused  by  the  death  of  Narsworthy  Hun- 
ter, and  served  from  December  6,  1802,  to  March 
3,  1803. 

Greene,  William  Laury,  a  Representative  from 
Nebraska;  born  in  Pike  county,  Ind.,  October  13, 
1849;  moved  with  his  parents  to  Dubois  county,  in 
the  same  state;  attended  the  common  schools,  and 
was  graduated  from  Ireland  academy,  Ind.,  studied 
law,  and  admitted  to  the  bar  in  Bloomington,  Ind., 
in  1876;  moved  with  his  family  to  Kearney,  Nebr., 
in  1883,  and  resumed  the  practice  of  his  profes- 
sion ;  elected  judge  of  the  twelfth  judicial  district 
of  Nebraska  in  1895-1897;  elected  as  a  Populist  to 
the  Fifty-fifth  and  Fifty-sixth  Congresses,  and 
served  from  March  4,  1897,  until  his  death  on  hip 
way  home  from  Washington,  D.  C.,  March  11, 1899. 

Greene,  William  Stedman,  a  Representative 
from  Massachusetts;  born  in  Tremont,  Tazewell 
county,  111.,  April  28,  1841;  moved  to  Fall  River, 
Mass.,  with  his  parents  in  1844;  attended  the 
public  schools  of  that  city;  member  of  the  com- 
mon council  in  1876-1879,  and  served  as  president 
of  the  body  1877-1879;  mayor  of  Fall  River  in 
1880;  alternate  delegate  to  Republican  national 
convention  which  nominated  President  Garfield; 
reelected  mayor  in  1881,  but  resigned  the  same 
year;  appointed  postmaster  of  Fall  River  by  Presi- 
dent Garfield ;  again  elected  mayor  in  1886;  general 
superintendent  of  prisons  1888-1893 ;  mayor  in  1895, 
1896,  and  1897;  declined  a  reelection  in  1898;  ap- 
pointed postmaster  by  President  McKinley,  and 
entered  upon  his  duties  April  1, 1898;  resigned  and 
was  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Fifty-fifth  Con- 
gress, to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  the  death  of  John 
Simpkins;  reelected  to  the  Fifty -sixth,  Fifty- 
seventh,  Fifty-eighth,  Fifty-ninth,  Sixtieth,  and 
Sixty-first  Congresses,  and  served  from  June  15, 
1898,  to  March  3, 1911.  Reelected  to  the  Sixty-second 
Congress. 


BIOGRAPHIES. 


685 


Greenhalge,  Frederic  Thomas,  a  Representa- 
tive from  Massachusetts;  born  in  Clithere,  England, 
July  19,  1842;  came  with  his  parents  to  the  United 
States  in  early  childhood;  attended  the  public 
schools  of  Lowell,  Mass.,  and  Harvard  college  1859- 
1862;  taught  school  and  studied  law;  with  the 
Union  army  in  Newbern,  N.  €.,  for  five  months; 
was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  Lowell,  Mass.,  in  1865; 
served  in  the  common  council  of  Lowell  1868-1869; 
member  of  the  school  committee  1871-1873;  mayor 
of  Lowell  1880-1881;  delegate  to  the  Republican 
national  convention  of  1884;  member  of  the  state 
house  of  representatives  in  1885;  city  solicitor  in 
1888;  defeated  for  the  state  senate  in  1881  and  .for 
the  house  in  1885;  practiced  law  in  Middlesex  and 
other  counties;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the 
Fifty-first  Congress  (March  4,  1889-March  3,  1891); 
governor  of  Massachusetts  in  1894,  1895,  and  1896, 
and  served  until  his  death  in  Lowell,  Mass.,  March 
5,  1896. 

Greenleaf ,  Halbert  Stevens,  a  Representative 
from  New  York;  born  in  Guilford,  Windham 
county,  Vt.,  April  12,  1827;  attended  the  common 
Bchools  and  completed  an  academic  course;  moved 
to  Philadelphia,  Pa.,  in  1859,  and  engaged  in 
manufacturing;  returned  to  Shelburne  Falls,  Mass., 
in  1861;  organized  the  Yale  &  Greenleaf  Lock 
company;  enlisted  as  a  private  in  the  Union  army 
August,  1862;  commissioned  captain  of  company  E, 
fifty-second  regiment  Massachusetts  volunteers, 
September  12, 1862;  elected  colonel  of  the  regiment 
October  23,  1862;  located  in  Rochester,  N.  Y.,  in 
1867;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Forty-eighth 
Congress  (March  4,  1883-March  3,  1885);  reelected 
to  the  Fifty-second  Congress  (March  4,  1889-March 
3,  1891);  died  in  the  town  of  Greece,  near  Char- 
lotte, N.  Y.,  August  25,  1906;  interment  in  Mount 
Hope  cemetery,  Rochester,  N.  Y. 

Greenman,  Edward  Whitford,  a  Represent- 
ative from  New  York;  bom  in  Berlin,  Rensselaer 
county,  N.  Y.,  January  26,  1840;  attended  the 
common  schools  and  an  academy;  engaged  in 
mercantile  and  manufacturing  pursuits  in  Berlin, 
N.  Y.;  supervisor  of  Berlin  1866,  1867,  and  1868; 
clerk  of  Rensselaer  county  1868-1871;  deputy 
county  clerk  for  ten  years;  elected  as  a  Democrat 
to  the  Fiftieth  Congress  (March  4,  1887-March  3, 
1889);  cashier  of  the  Central  National  Bank,  o, 
Troy,  N.  Y.;  died  in  Troy,  N.  Y.,  August  2,  1908* 

Greenup,  Christopher,  a  Representative  from 
Kentucky;  born  in  Virginia  in  1750;  studied  law 
and  was  admitted  to  the  bar;  moved  to  Frankfort, 
Ky.;  served  in  the  Revolution  and  attained  the 
rank  of  colonel;  elected  to  the  Second,  Third,  and 
Fourth  Congresses  (March  4,  1791-March  3,  1797); 
governor  of  Kentucky  1804-1808;  presidential  elec- 
tor on  the  Madison  and  Clinton  ticket;  died  in 
Frankfort,  Ky.,  April  24,  1818. 

Greenwood,  Alfred  Burton,  a  Representative 
from  Arkansas;  born  in  Franklin  county,  Ga.,  July 
11,  1811;  pursued  classical  studies  and  was  grad- 
uated from  the  University  of  Georgia  in  Athens; 
studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  began 
practice  in  Bentonville,  Ark.;  member  of  the  state 
house  of  representatives  1842-1845;  state  prosecut- 
ing attorney  1845-1851;  circuit  judge  of  Arkansas 
1851-1853;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Thirty- 
third,  Thirty-fourth,  and  Thirty-fifth  Congresses 
(March  4,  1853-March  3,  1859);  Commissioner  of 
Indian  Affairs  May  13,  1859,  to  April  13,  1861; 
representative  in  the  Confederate  congress;  died 
in  Bentonville,  Ark.,  October  4,  1889. 


Gregg,  Andrew,  a  Representative  and  a  Sena- 
tor from  Pennsylvania;  born  in  Carlisle,  Pa.,  June 
10,  1755;  pursued  an  academic  course  and  was 
graduated  from  the  University  of  Pennsylvania  in 
1782;  tutor  in  the  University  of  Pennsylvania 
1779-1782;  engaged  in  business  in  Middletown 
1783-1789;  engaged  in  farming  in  Penn's  Valley 
1789-1835;  elected  to  the  Second,  Third,  Fourth, 
Fifth,  Sixth,  Seventh,  Eighth,  and  Ninth  Con- 
gresses (March  4,  1791-March  3,  1807);  elected  to 
the  United  States  Senate  and  served  from  March  4, 
1807,  to  March  3,  1813;  elected  President  of  the 
Senate  pro  tempore  June  26,  1809;  moved  to  Belle- 
fonte,  Pa.,  in  1814;  appointed  secretary  of  state  for 
Pennsylvania  in  1816;  died  in  Belief onte,  Pa., 
May  20,  1834. 

Gregg,  Alexander  White,  a  Representative 
from  Texas;  native  of  that  state;  was  graduated 
from  King  college,  Bristol,  Tenn.,  studied  law  in 
the  University  of  Virginia;  was  admitted  to  the 
bar,  and  practiced  in  Palestine,  Tex.;  elected  as  a 
Democrat  to  the  Fifty-eighth,  Fifty-ninth,  Six- 
tieth, and  Sixty-first  Congresses  (March  4,  1905- 
March  3,  1911).  Reelected  to  the  Sixty-second  Con- 
gress. 

Gregg,  James  Madison,  a  Representative 
from  Indiana;  born  in  Patrick  county,  Va.,  June 
26,1806;  attended  the  pub  lie  schools;  studied  law, 
was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1830,  and  began  prac- 
ticing in  Danville,  Ind.;  county  surveyor  of  Hen- 
dricks  county  1834-1837;  clerk  of  the  circuit  court 
1837-1845;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Thirty- 
fifth  Congress  (March  4,  1857-March  3,  1859);  re- 
sumed the  practice  of  law  in  Danville,  Ind.; 
elected  to  the  state  legislature  in  1862;  died  in 
Danville,  Ind.,  June  16,  1869. 

Gregory,  Dudley  S.,  a  Representative  from 
New  Jersey;  born  in  Redding,  Conn.,  February  5, 
1800;  moved  with  his  father  to  Albany,  N.  Y.,  in 
1807;  employed  in  the  office  of  the  comptroller  of 
state;  attended  the  public  schools;  moved  to  New 
York  City  in  1824;  removed  to  Jersey  City;  city 
mayor  in  1838  and  was  reelected  several  times; 
elected  as  a  Whig  to  the  Thirtieth  Congress  (March 
4,  1847-March  3,  1849);  held  several  local  offices; 
died  in  Jersey  City,  N.  J.,  December  8,  1874. 

Greig,  John,  a  Representative  from  New  York; 
born  in  Dumfriesshire,  Scotland,  August  6,  1779; 
attended  the  Edinburgh  high  school;  came  to 
America  in  1797;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the 
bar  in  1804,  and  commenced  practice  in  Canan- 
daigua,  N.  Y.;  president  of  the  Ontario  bank  1820- 
1856;  regent  of  the  state  university  1825-1858; 
vice  chancellor  of  the  same  institution  after  Jan- 
uary, 1845;  one  of  the  founders  of  the  Ontario 
female  seminary;  elected  as  a  Whig  to  the  Twenty- 
seventh  Congress,  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  the 
resignation  of  Francis  Granger,  and  served  from 
May  31,  1841,  to  September  25,  1841,  when  he 
resigned;  president  of  the  Ontario  agricultural 
society;  died  in'Canandaigua,  N.  Y.,  April  9,  1858. 

Grennell,  George,  jr.,  a  Representative  from 
Massachusetts;  born  in  Greenfield,  Mass.,  Decem- 
ber 25,  1786;  attended  Deerfield  academy,  and 
was  graduated  from  Dartmouth  college  in  1808; 
was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1811;  prosecuting 
attorney  for  Franklin  county  1820-1828;  member 
of  the  state  senate  1825-1827;  elected  as  a  Whig 
to  the  Twenty-first,  Twenty-second,  Twenty- 
third,  Twenty-fourth,  and  Twenty-fifth  Congresses 
(March  4,  1829-March  3,  1839);  trustee  of  Amherst 


686 


CONGRESSIONAL   DIEECTORY. 


college  1838-1859;  judge  of  probate  1849-1853; 
clerk  of  Franklin  county  courts  1853-1865;  first 
president  of  the  Troy  and  Greenfield  railroad;  died 
in  Greenfield,  Mass.,  November  20,  1877. 

Gresham,  Walter,  a  Representative  from 
Texas;  born  in  King  and  Queen  county,  Va.,  July 
22,  1841;  was  graduated  from  the  university  of 
Virginia  in  1863;  served  as  a  private  in  the  Confed- 
erate army;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar 
in  1867,  and  began  practice  in  Galveston,  Tex., 
the  same  year;  district  attorney  for  the  Galveston 
judicial  district  in  1872;  member  of  the  state  legis- 
lature 1886-1891;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the 
Fifty-third  Congress  (March  4, 1893-March  3, 1895); 
resumed  the  practice  of  his  profession  and  resides 
in  Galveston,  Tex. 

Grey,  Benjamin  E.,  a  Representative  from 
Kentucky;  native  of  that  state;  pursued  an  aca- 
demic course ;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar, 
and  began  practice  in  Hopkinsville;  member  of 
the  state  house  of  representatives  1838-1839;  served 
in  the  state  senate  1847-1851;  speaker  of  the  senate 
and  acting  lieutenant  governor  in  1850;  elected  as 
a  Whig  to  the  Thirty-second  and  Thirty-third  Con- 
gresses (March  4,  1851-March  3,  1855). 

Glider,  Henry,  a  Representative  from  Ken- 
tucky; born  in  Garrard  county,  Ky.,  July  16,  1796; 
pursued  an  academic  course;  studied  law,  was  ad- 
mitted to  the  bar,  and  began  practice  in  Bowling 
Green,  Ky.;  served  in  the  War  of  1812;  member 
of  the  state  house  of  representatives  in  1827  and 
1831;  served  in  the  state  senate  1833-1837;  elected 
as  a  Whig  to  the  Twenty-eighth  and  Twenty-ninth 
Congresses  (March  4,  1843-March  3,  1847);  re- 
elected  to  the  Thirty-seventh,  Thirty-eighth,  and 
Thirty-ninth  Congresses,  and  served  from  March  4, 
1861,  until  his  death  in  Warren  county,  Ky.,  Sep- 
tembr  14,  1866. 

Griest,  William  Walton,  a  Representative  from 
Pennsylvania;  born  near  Christiana,  Pa.,  Septem- 
ber 22,  1859;  attended  common  schools,  and  was 
graduated  from  the  Millersville  state  normal  school 
in  1876;  taught  school;  director  and  an  incorporates 
of  the  Pennsylvania  public  school  memorial  asso- 
ciation; engaged  in  newspaper  work;  chief  clerk 
in  the  county  commissioner's  office  1887-1899; 
secretary  of  the  commonwealth  of  Pennsylvania 
1899-1903;  delegate  in  the  Republican  national 
conventions  of  1896,  1900,  1904,  1908,  and  1912; 
editor  of  a  newspaper  in  Lancaster,  Pa. ;  elected  as 
a  Republican  to  the  Sixty-first  Congress  (March  4, 
1909-March  3,  1911).  Reekcted  to  the  Sixty-second 
Congress. 

Griffin,  Cyrus,  a  Delegate  from  Virginia;  born 
in  Richmond  county,  Va.,  July  16,  1748;  sent  to 
England  to  be  educated;  on  his  return  to  Virginia 
prominent  in  pre-Revolutionary  movements;  mem- 
ber of  the  colonial  house  of  burgesses;  Delegate  in 
the  Continental  Congress  1778-1781  and  1787-1788, 
and  its  president  in  1788;  president  of  the  supreme 
court  of  admiralty;  commissioner  to  the  Creek 
Nation  in  1789;  judge  of  the  United  States  district 
court  of  Virginia  from  December,  1789,  until  his 
death  in  Yorktown,  Va.,  December  14,  1810. 

Griffin,  Isaac,  a  Representative  from  Pennsyl- 
vania; native  of  Delaware;  attended  the  public 
schools;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Thirteenth 
and  Fourteenth  Congresses  (March  4,  1813-March 
3,  1817). 


Griffin,  John  K.,  a  Representative  from  South 
Carolina;  born  in  Milton,  S.  C.;  pursued  an  aca- 
demic course;  elected  as  a  State  Rights  Whig  to 
the  Twenty-second,  Twenty-third,  Twenty-fourth, 
Twenty-fifth,  and  Twenty-sixth  Congresses  (March 
4,  1831-March  3,  1841);  died  in  Milton,  S.  C., 
August  1,  1841. 

Griffin,  Levi  Thomas,  a  Representative  of 
Michigan;  born  in  Clinton,  Oneida  county,  N.  Y., 
May  23,  1837;  moved  with  his  parents  to  Roches- 
ter, Oakland  county,  Mich.,  in  1848;  was  gradu- 
ated from  the  university  of  Michigan  in  1857; 
entered  upon  the  study  of  law  in  Detroit,  was 
admitted  to  the  bar,  and  entered  practice  there; 
entered  the  United  States  Army  in  August,  1862, 
as  second  lieutenant,  fourth  Michigan  cavalry,  and 
served  as  first  lieutenant,  adjutant,  captain,  bri- 
gade inspector,  acting  assistant  adjutant  general, 
cavalry  division,  and  acting  assistant  adjutant 
general,  cavalry  corps,  Military  Division  of  Missis- 
sippi, and  brevetted  major;  at  the  close  of  the  war 
resumed  the  practice  of  law  in  Detroit;  appointed 
Fletcher  professor  of  law  in  the  university  of  Michi- 
gan in  1886;  defeated  candidate  for  judge  of  the  su- 
preme court  in  1887;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the 
Fifty-third  Congress,  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  the 
death  of  John  Logan  Chipman,  and  served  from 
December  4,  1893,  to  March  4,  1895;  died  in  De- 
troit, Mich.,  March  17,  1906. 

Griffin,  Michael,  a  Representative  from  Wis- 
consin; born  in  County  Clare,  Ireland,  September 
9,  1842;  emigrated  with  his  parents  to  Canada  in 
1847,  to  Ohio  in  1851,  and  to  Wisconsin  in  1856; 
attended  the  common  schools  of  Ohio  and  Wiscon- 
sin; first  resided  in  Sauk  county,  Wis.,  until  1868, 
and  then  moved  to  Kilbourn  City,  Wis.,  where  he 
remained  until  1876,  removing  in  that  year  to  Eau 
Claire;  enlisted  September  11,  1861,  as  a  private 
in  company  E,  twelfth  regiment  Wisconsin  volun- 
teer infantry,  and  served  until  the  close  of  the  war; 
attained  the  rank  of  first  lieutenant;  mustered  out 
July  16,  1865;  member  of  the  county  board  of 
Columbia  county,  Wis.,  1874-1875;  member  of 
assembly  in  1876;  city  attorney  of  Eau  Claire  in 
1878-1880;  state  senator  1880-1881;  department 
commander  of  the  Grand  Army  of  the  Republic 
1887-1888;  admitted  to  the  bar  May  19,  1868,  and 
engaged  in  practice  in  Eau  Claire;  elected  as  a 
Republican  to  the  Fifty-third  Congress,  to  fill  va- 
cancy caused  by  the  death  of  George  B.  Shaw,  and 
at  the  same  election  to  the  Fifty-fourth  Congress; 
reelected  to  the  Fifty-fifth  Congress,  and  served 
from  December  3,  1894,  to  March  3,  1899;  ap- 
pointed chairman  of  state  tax  commission  by  Gov- 
ernor Schofield  May  28,  1899;  died  in  Eau  Claire, 
Wis.,  December  29,  1899. 

Griffin,  Samuel,  a  Representative  from  Vir- 
ginia; native  of  that  state;  pursued  classical  stud- 
ies; studied  and  practiced  law;  elected  to  the 
First,  Second,  and  Third  Congresses  (March  4, 
1789-March3,  1795). 

Griffin,  Thomas,  a  Representative  from  Vir- 
ginia; native  of  that  state;  pursued  classical  stud- 
ies; elected  to  the  Eighth  Congress  (March  4, 
1803-March3,  1805). 

Griffith,  Francis  Marion,  a  Representative 
from  Indiana;  born  in  Moorefield,  Switzerland 
county,  Ind.,  August  21,  1849;  attended  the  coun- 
try schools  of  the  county,  the  high  school  in  Vevay, 
Ind.,  and  Franklin  college;  studied  law,  was  ad- 
mitted to  the  bar  and  practiced  in  Vevay;  mem- 


BIOGRAPHIES. 


687 


mer  of  the  state  senate  1886-1894;  elected  as  a 
Democrat  to  the  Fifty-fifth  Congress  at  the  special 
election  held  August  10,  1897,  to  fill  vacancy 
caused  by  the  death  of  William  S.  Holman;  re- 
elected  to  the  Fifty-sixth,  Fifty -seventh,  Fifty- 
eighth  Congresses,  and  served  from  December  6, 
1897,  to  March  3,  1905;  resumed  the  practice  of 
law  in  Vevay,  Ind. 

Griffith,  Samuel,  a  Representative  from  Penn- 
sylvania; born  in  Merther  Tydvil,  South  Wales, 
Great  Britain,  February  14,  1816;  instructed  in 
elementary  branches  by  a  private  teacher  in  the 
Allegheny  college,  Meadville,  Pa.;  studied  law, 
and  in  1846  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  began 
practice  in  Mercer,  Pa.;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to 
the  Forty-second  Congress  (March  4, 1871-March  3, 
1873);  died  in  Mercer,  Pa.,  October  1,  1893. 

Griggs,  James  Mathews,  a  Representative 
from  Georgia;  born  in  Lagrange,  Ga.,  March  29, 
1861;  attended  the  common  schools,  and  was  grad- 
uated from  the  Peabody  Normal  college,  Nashville, 
Tenn.,  in  May,  1881;  after  graduation  taught 
school  and  studied  law;  admitted  to  the  bar  in 
1883,  and  commenced  the  practice  of  law  in  1884 
in  Alapaha,  Berrien  county,  Ga.;  engaged  in  the 
newspaper  business;  moved  to  Dawson,  Ga.,  in 
1885;  solicitor  general  of  the  Pataula  judicial  cir- 
cuit 1888-1893;  appointed  judge  of  the  same  cir- 
cuit and  twice  reelected;  resigned  in  1896  to  make 
the  race  for  Congress;  delegate  to  the  Democratic 
national  convention  of  1892;  elected  as  a  Demo- 
crat to  the  Fifty-fifth,  Fifty-sixth,  Fifty-seventh, 
Fifty-eighth,  Fifty-ninth,  Sixtieth,  and  Sixty-first 
Congresses,  and  served  from  March  4,  1897,  until 
his  death,  in  Dawson,  Ga.,  January  5,  1910. 

Grimes,  James  Wilson,  a  Senator  from  Iowa; 
born  in  Deering,  N.  H.,  October  20,  1816;  was 
graduated  from  Hampton  academy,  and  from  Dart- 
mouth college  in  1836;  studied  law,  was  admitted 
to  the  bar,  and  commenced  practice  in  the  "Black 
Hawk  Purchase,"  Wisconsn  Territory,  afterwards 
the  site  of  Burlington,  Iowa;  served  several  terms 
in  the  Iowa  state  legislature;  governor  of  Iowa 
1854-1858;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  United 
States  Senate  in  1859;  reelected  in  1865,  and  served 
from  March  4,  1859;  until  December  6,  1869,  when 
he  resigned;  died  in  Burlington,  Iowa,  February 
7,  1872. 

Grimes,  Thomas  Wingfield,  a  Representative 
from  Georgia;  born  in  Columbus,  Ga.,  December 
18, 1844;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and 
practiced  in  Columbus;  served  as  a  private  in  the 
Confederate  army  during  the  last  eighteen  months 
of  the  Civil  war;  member  of  the  legislature  1868- 
1869  and  1875-1876;  state  senator  1878-1879 ;  mem- 
ber of  the  Democratic  national  convention  of  1880; 
elected  by  the  Georgia  legislature  in  1880  solicitor 
general  of  the  Chattahoochee  circuit  for  a  term  of 
four  years;  reelected  in  1884;  resigned  upon  being 
nominated  for  Congress;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to 
the  Fiftieth  and  Fifty-first  Congresses  (March  4, 
1887-March  3,  1891);  resumed  the  practice  of  law 
in  Columbus,  Ga.;  died  in  Columbus,  Ga.,  Octo- 
ber 28,  1905. 

Grinnell,  Joseph,  a  Representative  from  Mas- 
sachusetts" born  in  New  Bedford,  Mass.,  Novem- 
ber 17,  1788;  completed  preparatory  studies; 
moved  to  New  York  City  in  1809;  engaged  in  busi- 
ness until  1829;  traveled  in  Europe,  and  returned  to 
New  Bedford  to  reside;  member  of  the  governor's 
council  1839-1841;  elected  as  a  Whig  to  the 


Twenty-eighth,  Twenty-ninth,  Thirtieth,  and 
Thirty-first  Congresses  (March  4,  1843-March  3, 
1851);  president  of  the  New  Bedford  and  Taunton 
railroad,  the  First  National  Bank,  and  the  Wam- 
sutta  cotton  mills;  died  in  New  Bedford,  Mass., 
February  7,  1885. 

Grinnell,  Josiah  Bushnell,  a  Representative 
from  Iowa;  born  in  New  Haven,  Vt.,  December 
22,  1821;  pursued  classical  studies,  and  was  gradu- 
ated from  Auburn  theological  seminary  in  1847; 
ordained  a  Presbyterian  clergyman;  held  pastor- 
ates in  Union  Village,  N.  Y.,  Washington,  D.  C., 
and  in  the  Congregational  Church  of  New  York 
City;  moved  to  Iowa  in  1855;  engaged  in  agricul- 
tural pursuits;  founded  Grinnell  university; 
elected  state  senator  in  1856,  and  served  four  years; 
delegate  to  the  Republican  national  convention  of 
1860;  special  agent  for  the  Post  Office  Department 
for  two  years;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the 
Thirty-eighth  and  Thirty-ninth  Congresses  (March 
4,  1863-March  3,  1867);  president  of  the  St.  Louis 
and  St.  Paul  railroad,  of  the  state  horticultural  so- 
ciety, and  of  the  First  National  Bank,  in  Marshall- 
town;  died  in  Marshalltown,  Iowa,  March  31, 1891. 

Grinnell,  Moses  Hicks,  a  Representative  from 
New  York;  born  in  New  Bedford,  Mass.,  March  3, 
1803;  pursued  an  academic  course;  entered  a 
counting  room  in  New  York  City  in  1818,  and  until 
1860  was  a  merchant  in  that  city;  elected  as  a 
Whig  to  the  Twenty-sixth  Congress  (March  4,  1839- 
March  3,  1841);  defeated  for  reelection  to  the 
Twenty-seventh  Congress;  presidential  elector  on 
the  Fremont  ticket;  president  of  the  chamber  of 
commerce  and  of  the  Merchants'  Clerks'  Savings 
bank;  commissioner  of  charities  and  corrections; 
Central  Park  commissioner;  one  of  the  Union  de- 
fense committee;  collector  of  the  port  of  New  York 
March,  1869,  to  July,  1870;  naval  officer  of  customs 
July,  1870.  to  April,  1871;  died  in  New  York  City 
November  24,  1877. 

Griswold,  Gaylord,  a  Representative  from  New 
York;  native  of  Connecticut;  pursued  classical 
studies,  and  was  graduated  from  Yale  college  in 
1787;  moved  to  Herkimer,  N.  Y.;  member  of  the 
state  house  of  representatives  1796-1798;  elected 
to  the  Eighth  Congress  (March  4,  1803-March  3, 
1805). 

Griswold,  John  Augustus,  a  Representative 
from  New  York;  born  in  Nassau,  N.  Y.,  November 
11,  1818;  received  an  academic  training;  engaged 
in  mercantile  pursuits  and  in  steel  manufacture; 
mayor  of  Troy  in  1855;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to 
the  Thirty-eighth  Congress  (March  4,  1863-March 
3,  1865);  reelected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Thirty- 
ninth  and  Fortieth  Congresses  (March  4,  1865- 
March  3,  1869);  defeated  as  the  Republican  can- 
didate for  governor  of  New  York  in  1868;  died  in 
Troy,  N.  Y.,  October  31,  1872. 

Griswold,  John  Ashley,  a  Representative  from 
New  York;  born  in  Cairo,  Greene  county,  N.  Y., 
November  18,  1822;  attended  the  common  schools 
and  the  academies  in  Prattsville  and  Catskill,  N. 
Y.;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1848, 
and  commenced  practice  in  Greene  county;  county 
district  attorney  1856-1859;  county  judge  1864- 
1868;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Forty-first  Con- 
gress (March  4,  1869-March  3,  1871);  member  of 
the  state  constitutional  convention  of  1894;  died 
in  Catskill,  Greene  county,  N.  Y.,  February  22, 
1902.  • 


688 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 


Griswold,  Matthew,  a  Representative  from 
Pennsylvania;  born  in  Lyme,  New  London 
county,  Conn.,  June  6, 1833;  attended  the  common 
schools  and  pursued  an  academic  course ;  engaged 
in  teaching  and  farming  for  a  number  of  years; 
elected  to  various  local  offices;  member  of  the  Con- 
necticut house  of  representatives  in  1862  and  1865 ; 
moved  to  Erie,  Pa.,  in  1866;  engaged  in  manufac- 
turing; elected  trustee  of  Erie  academy  for  four 
successive  terms;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the 
Fifty-second  Congress  (March  4,  1891-March  3, 
1893);  reelected  to  the  Fifty -fourth  Congress 
(March  4,  1895-March  3, 1897);  retired  and  resides 
in  Erie,  Pa. 

Griswold,  Roger,  a  Representative  from  Con- 
necticut; born  in  Lyme,  Conn.,  May  21,  1762;  pur- 
sued classical  studies,  and  was  graduated  from 
Yale  college  in  1780;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to 
the  bar  in  1783,  and  began  practice  in  Norwich; 
returned  to  Lyme  in  1794;  elected  as  a  Federalist 
to  the  Fourth,  Fifth,  Sixth,  Seventh,  and  Eighth 
Congresses  (March  4, 1795-March  3, 1805);  declined 
the  portfolio  of  Secretary  of  War  tendered  by 
President  Adams  in  1801;  judge  of  the  supreme 
court  of  Connecticut  in  1807 ;  presidential  elector 
on  the  Pinckneyand  King  ticket;  lieutenant  gov- 
ernor of  Connecticut  1809-1811,  and  governor  from 
1811  until  his  death,  in  Norwich,  Conn.,  October 
25,  1812. 

Griswold,  Stanley,  a  Senator  from  Ohio;  born 
in  Torringford,  Conn.,  November  14,  1763;  pursued 
classical  studies,  and  was  graduated  from  Yale  col- 
lege in  1786;  studied  theology;  pastor  in  Milford, 
Conn.,  1790-1802,  and  also  in  Greenfield,  Mass.; 
editor  of  a  Democratic  paper  in  Walpole,  N.  H.,  in 
1804;  appointed  secretary  of  Michigan  Territory 
in  1805;  moved  to  Ohio;  appointed  to  the  United 
States  Senate,  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation 
of  Edward  Tiffin,  and  served  from  May  18,  1809,  to 
December  11, 1809;  appointed  United  States  judge 
of  the  Northwest  Territory;  died  in  Shawneetown, 
111.,  August  21,  1815. 

Groesbeck,  William  Slocum,  a  Representative 
from  Ohio;  born  in  New  York  City  July  24,  1815; 

Sursued  an  academic  course,  and  was  graduated 
•om  Miami  university  in  1835;  studied  law,  was 
admitted  to  the  bar,  and  began  practice  in  Cincin- 
nati, Ohio;  member  of  the  state  constitutional 
convention  of  1851;  commissioner  to  codify  the 
laws  of  Ohio  in  1852;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the 
Thirty-fifth  Congress  (March  4, 1857-March  3, 1859); 
member  of  the  peace  conference  in  1861;  served  in 
the  state  senate  1862-1864;  delegate  to  the  Union 
national  convention  in  Philadelphia  in  1866;  one 
of  President  Johnson's  counsel  in  his  impeachment 
trial  in  1868;  delegate  to  the  international  mone- 
tary conference  in  Paris,  France,  in  1878;  died  in 
Cincinnati,  Ohio,  July  7,  1897. 

Gronna,  Asle  J.,  a  Representative  and  a 
Senator  from  North  Dakota;  born  in  Elkader,  Clay- 
ton county,  Iowa,  December  10,  1858;  moved  with 
his  parents  to  Houston  county,  Minn.,  where  he 
attended  the  public  schools  and  the  Caledonia 
academy;  taught  school  for  two  years  in  Wilming- 
ton, Minn.;  moved  to  Dakota  Territory  in  1879, 
and  engaged  in  farming  and  teaching;  in  1880 
moved  to  Buxton,  Traill  county,  and  engaged  in 
business;  moved  to  Lakota,  Nelson  county,  in  1887; 
member  of  the  territorial  legislature  of  1889;  served 
as  president  of  the  village  board  of  trustees  and 
president  of  the  board  of  education  several  terms; 
in  1902  became  chairman  of  the  county  central 


committee  of  Nelson  county,  and  was  reelected  to 
the  position  in  1904;  appointed  a  member  of  the 
board  of  regents  of  the  University  of  North  Dakota 
by  Governor  Frank  White  in  1902;  elected  as  a 
Republican  to  the  Fifty-ninth,  Sixtieth,  and  Sixty- 
first  Congresses  and  served  from  March  4, 1905,  until 
February  2,  1911,  when  he  resigned;  elected  to 
the  United  States  Senate,  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by 
the  death  of  Martin  N.Johnson  and  for  the  term 
ending  March  3,  1915,  and  took  his  seat  February 
2,  1911. 

Groorne,  James  Black,  a  Senator  from  Mary- 
land; born  in  Elkton,  Md.,  April  4, 1838;  completed 
preparatory  studies  in  the  Tennant  school,  Harts- 
ville,  Pa.;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in 
1861,  and  began  practice  in  Elkton, Md.;  member 
of  the  convention  which  framed  the  constitution  of 
Maryland  in  1867 ;  member  of  the  house  of  delegates 
in  1871;  presidential  elector  in  1872;  reelected  to 
the  house  of  delegates  in  1873;  resigned  early  in  the 
session  to  accept  the  position  of  governor  of  the 
state;  his  term  as  governor  expired  in  January,  1876; 
elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  United  States  Senate 
and  served  from  March  4,  1879,  to  March  3,  1885; 
collector  of  customs  for  the  port  of  Baltimore,  1889- 
1893;  died  in  Baltimore,  Md.,  October  5,  1893. 

Gross,  Ezra  Carter,  a  Representative  from  New 
York;  native  of  Windsor  county,  Vt.;  pursued 
classical  studies;  was  graduated  from  the  Univer- 
sity of  Vermont  in  1806;  studied  law,  was  admitted 
to  the  bar,  and  began  practice  in  Elizabethtown, 
N.  Y.;  surrogate  of  Essex  county  1815-1819;  elected 
as  a  Democrat  to  the  Sixteenth  Congress  (March  4, 
1819-March  3,  1821);  member  of  the  legislative 
in  1828-1829;  died  in  Keeseville,  N.  Y.,  August 
6, 1829. 

Gross,  Samuel,  a  Representative  from  Penn- 
sylvania; born  in  Montgomery  county,  Pa.,  in 
1767;  attended  the  public  schools;  member  of  the 
state  house  of  representatives  1803-1806;  served  in 
the  state  senate  1812-1815;  elected  as  a  Democrat 
to  the  Sixteenth  and  Seventeenth  Congresses 
(March  4, 1819-March  3, 1823);  died  in  Trappe,  Pa., 
March  19,  1839. 

Grosvenor,  Charles  Henry,  a  Representative 
from  Ohio;  born  in  Pomfret,  Windham  county, 
Conn.,  September  20,  1833;  went  with  his  parents 
to  Ohio  in  1838;  attended  country  school  in  Athens 
county;  taught  school  and  studied  law,  and  was 
admitted  to  the  bar  in  1857;  served  in  the  Union 
Army;  major  of  the  eighteenth  Ohio  infantry  Sep- 
tember 25,  1861;  lieutenant  colonel  June  9,  1863; 
colonel  April  19, 1865;  brevet  colonel  and  brigadier 
general  of  volunteers  March  13,  1865,  "for  gallant 
and  meritorious  service  during  the  war' ';  mustered 
out  October  9,  1865;  held  divers  township  and 
village  offices;  member  of  the  state  house  of  repre- 
sentatives 1874-1878  and  served  as  speaker  two 
years;  presidential  elector  in  1872  and  1880;  mem- 
ber of  the  board  of  trustees  of  the  Ohio  soldiers  and 
sailors'  orphans'  home  in  Xenia  from  April,  1880, 
until  1888,  and  president  of  the  board  for  five  years; 
delegate  at  large  to  the  Republican  national  con- 
vention in  St.  Louis  in  1896,  and  in  Philadelphia 
in  1900;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Forty-ninth, 
Fiftieth,  and  Fifty-first  Congresses  (March  4, 1885- 
March  3,  1891);  reelected  to  the  Fifty-third, 
Fifty-fourth,  Fifty-fifth,  Fifty-sixth,  Fifty-seventh, 
Fifty-eighth,  and  Fifty-ninth  Congresses  (March 
4,  1893-March  3,  1907);  resumed  the  practice  of 
law  in  Athens,  Ohio. 


BIOGKAPHIES. 


689 


Grosvenor,  Thomas  P.,  a  Representative  from 
New  York;  born  in  Pomfret,  Conn.,  in  1780;  pur- 
sued classical  studies;  was  graduated  from  Yale  col- 
lege in  1806;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar, 
and  began  practice  in  Hudson,  N.  Y.;  member  of 
the  state  legislature  1810-1812;  district  attorney  of 
Essex  county  1810-1811;  elected  as  a  Federalist  to 
the  Twelfth  Congress,  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  the 
resignation  of  Robert  Le  Roy  Livingston;  reelected 
to  the  Thirteenth  and  Fourteenth  Congresses,  and 
served  from  January  29,  1813,  to  March  3,  1817. 

Grout,  Jonathan,  a  Representative  from  Mas- 
sachusetts; born  in  Lunenburg,  Worcester  county, 
Mass.,  July  23,  1737;  served  in  the  expedition 
against  Canada  1757-1760;  studied  law,  was  admit- 
ted to  the  bar,  and  began  practice  in  Petersham, 
Mass. ;  served  in  the  Revolutionary  war;  member  of 
the  state  house  of  representatives  in  1781,  1784, 
and  1787;  served  in  the  state  senate  in  1788;  mem- 
ber of  the  state  constitutional  convention  in  1788; 
elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  First  Congress  (March 
4,  1789-March  3,  1791);  returned  to  Lunenburg, 
Mass,  (now  Vermont),  in  1803;  died  in  Dover,  N.  II., 
September  8,  1807. 

Grout,  William.  Wallace,  a  Representative 
from  Vermont;  born  in  Compton,  province  of  Que- 
bec, May  24,  1836;  pursued  an  academic  course  and 
was  graduated  from  the  Poughkeepsie  law  school  in 
1857 ;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  December  of  the 
same  year,  and  practiced  in  Barton,  Vt.;  state  at- 
torney for  Orleans  county  1865-1866;  served  as  lieu- 
tenant colonel  of  the  fifteenth  Vermont  volunteers 
in  the  Union  army  during  the  Civil  War;  member 
of  the  Vermont  house  of  representatives  in  1868- 
1870,  and  1874;  served  in  the  senate  in  1876,  and 
was  president  pro  tempore  of  that  body;  elected  as  a 
Republican  to  the  Forty-seventh  Congress  (March 
4,  1881-March  3,  1883);  and  reelected  to  the  Forty- 
ninth,  Fiftieth,  Fifty-first,  Fifty-second,  Fifty- 
third,  Fifty-fourth,  Fifty-fifth,  and  Fifty-sixth  Con- 
gresses (March  4,  1885-March  3,  1901);  died  in 
Kirby,  Vt.,  October  7,  1902. 

Grove,  William  Barry,  a  Representative  from 
North  Carolina;  born  in  Fayetteville,  N.  C.,  Janu- 
ary 15,  1764;  completed  preparatory  studies; 
studied  law,  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar;  served 
as  register  of  the  county;  member  of  the  state 
house  of  commons  1786;  1788  and  1789;  delegate  to 
the  convention  to  consider  the  ratification  of  the 
constitution  of  the  United  States;  also  a  delegate 
to  the  convention  which  ratified  the  constitution 
in  1789;  elected  to  the  Second,  Third,  Fourth, 
Fifth,  Sixth,  and  Seventh  Congresses  (March  4, 
1791-March  3,  1803);  unsuccessful  candidate  for 
reelection  in  1802;  trustee  of  the  University  of 
North  Carolina;  justice  of  the  peace;  president  of 
the  Fayetteville  branch  of  the  Bank  of  the  United 
States;  died  in  Fayetteville,  N.  C.,  March  30,  1818. 

Grover,  Asa  Porter,  a  Representative  from 
Kentucky;  born  in  Ontario  county,  N.  Y.,  Febru- 
ary 18,  1819;  moved  to  Kentucky  in  1837;  attended 
Centre  college;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the 
bar,  and  commenced  practice  in  Louisville,  Ky.,  in 
1843;  member  of  the  state  senate  1858-3865;  elected 
as  a  Democrat  to  the  Fortieth  Congress  (March  4, 
1867-March  3,  1869). 

Grover,  La  Fayette,  a  Representative  and  a 
Senator  from  Oregon;  born  in  Bethel,  Oxford 
county,  Me.,  November  29,  1823;  attended  Gould's 
academy,  Bethel,  and  Bowdoin  college  1844-1846; 
studied  law  in  Philadelphia,  Pa.,  and  was  admitted 

50346°— S.  Doc.  654,  61-2 44 


to  the  bar  in  1850;  moved  to  Oregon  in  August, 
1851,  and  entered  upon  the  practice  of  law  in 
Salem;  elected  by  the  territorial  legislature  prose- 
cuting attorney  for  the  second  judicial  district,  and 
as  auditor  of  public  accounts  for  the  territory, 
1851-1852;  member  of  the  legislature  in  1853; 
appointed  by  the  Department  of  the  Interior  as  a 
commissioner  to  audit  the  spoliation  claims  grow- 
ing out  of  the  Rogue  River  Indian  war  in  1854; 
again  a  member  of  the  legislature  in  1855  and  was 
speaker  of  the  house;  appointed  by  the  Secretary 
of  War  a  member  of  the  board  of  commissioners  to 
audit  the  Indian  war  expenses  of  Oregon  and 
Washington  in  1856;  delegate  to  the  convention 
which  framed  the  constitution  of  Oregon  in  1857; 
elected  to  the  Thirty-fifth  Congress  (March  4,  1857- 
March  3, 1859);  governor  of  Oregon  1870-1877,  when 
he  resigned;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  United 
States  Senate  and  served  from  March  4,  1877,  to 
March  3, 1883;  died  in  Portland,  Oreg.,  May  10, 1911. 

Grover,  Martin,  a  Representative  from  New 
York;  born  in  Hartwick,  Otsego  county,  N.  Y., 
October  20,  1811;  attended  the  common  schools; 
studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar  and  began 
practice  in  Angelica,  N.  Y.;  elected  as  a  Native 
American  Democrat  to  the  Twenty-ninth  Congress 
(March  4,  1845-March  3,  1847);  elected  justice  of 
the  supreme  court  in  November,  1857,  and  re- 
elected  in  1859 ;  elected  judge  of  the  court  of  appeals 
in  1867;  elected  an  associate  judge  for  fourteen 
years  in  1870;  died  in  Angelica,  N.  Y.,  August  23, 
1875. 

Grow,  Galusha  Aaron,  a  Representative  from 
Pennsylvania;  born  in  Ashford  (now  Eastford), 
\Vindham  county,  Conn.,  August  31,  1823;  moved 
to  Susquehanna  county,  Pa. ,  in  May,  1834 ;  attended 
the  common  schools,  Franklin  academy,  Susque- 
hanna county,  and  was  graduated  from  Amherst 
college  in  July,  1844 ;  studied  law  and  was  admitted 
to  the  bar  April  19,  1847;  elected  as  a  Free  Soil 
Democrat  to  the  Thrty-secdnd,  Thirty -third  and 
Thirty-fourth  Congresses,  and  as  a  Repubican  to 
the  Thirty-fifth,  Thirty-sixth,  and  Thirty-seventh 
Congresses  (March  4,  1851-March3, 1863);  Repub- 
lican nominee  for  Speaker  in  1857;  served  as 
Speaker  of  the  House  of  Representatives  in  the 
Thirty-seventh  Congress;  delegate  to  the  Republi- 
can national  conventions  of  1864,  1884,  and  1892; 
president  of  the  International  and  Great  Northern 
railroad  company  of  Texas  1871-1876;  reelected  to 
the  Fifty-third  Congress  to  fill  the  vacancy  caused 
by  the  death  of  William  Lilly;  reelected  to  the 
Fifty-fourth,  Fifty-fifth,  Fifty-sixth,  and  Fifty- 
seventh  Congresses  and  served  from  March  2,  1894, 
until  March  3,  1903;  declined  a  renomination ; 
died  in  Glenwood,  near  Scranton,  Pa.,  March  31, 
1907. 

Grundy,  Felix,  a  Representative  and  a  Senator 
from  Tennessee;  born  in  Berkeley  county,  Va., 
September  11,  1777;  went  with  parents  to  Browns- 
ville, Pa.;  thence  in  1780  to  Kentucky;  pursued 
an  academic  course;  studied  law,  was  admitted 
to  the  bar  and  practiced ;  member  of  the  Kentucky 
constitutional  convention  of  1799;  member  of  the 
state  legislature  1800-1805;  chosen  judge  of  the 
supreme  court  of  Kentucky  in  1806,  and  was  soon 
afterwards  made  chief  justice;  moved  to  Nashville, 
Tenn.,  in  1807  and  resumed  the  practice  of  law; 
elected  as  a  War  Democrat  to  the  Twelfth  and 
Thirteenth  Congresses  and  served  from  (March  4, 
1811 ,  until  1814,  when  he  resigned;  member  of  the 
Tennessee  house  of  representatives  1815-1819; 


690 


CONGRESSIONAL   DIRECTORY. 


elected  to  the  United  States  Senate,  reelected  to 
fill  vacancy  caused  by  the  resignation  of  John  II . 
Eaton,  and  served  from  October  19,  1829,  to  July 
4,  1838,  when  he  resigned;  appointed  Attorney- 
General  of  the  United  States  July  5,  1838;  resigned 
December  1,  1840,  to  become  United  States 
Senator,  to  fill  vacancy  in  the  term  beginning 
March  4,  1839,  and  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  his 
own  resignation;  having  doubts  as  to  his  eligibility , 
returned  to  Tennessee  to  become  a  bona  fide  citizen 
of  the  state,  and  was  again  elected  to  the  United 
States  Senate  December  14,  1839;  died  in  Nash- 
ville, Tenn.,  December  19,  1840. 

Gudger,  Jr.,  James  Madison,  a  Representa- 
tive from  North  Carolina;  born  in  Madison  county, 
N.  C.,  in  1855;  attended  Emory  and  Henry  college, 
Virginia;  studied  law  in  Pearson's  law  school;  state 
senator  in  1900;  state  solicitor  of  the  Sixteenth  dis- 
trict at  the  time  of  his  election  to  Congress;  elected 
as  a  Democrat  to  the  Fifty-eighth  and  Fifty-ninth 
Congresses  (March  4,  1903-March  3,  1907).  Re- 
elected  to  the  Sixty-second  Congress. 

Guenther,  Richard,  a  Representative  from 
Wisconsin;  born  in  Potsdam,  Prussia,  November 
30,  1845;  received  a  collegiate  training;  studied 
pharmacy  in  the  Royal  pharmacy  in  Potsdam;  emi- 
grated to  the  United  States  in  July,  1866;  moved  to 
Oshkosh,  Wis.,  in  1867;  elected  state  treasurer  of 
Wisconsin  in  1876  and  reelected  in  1878;  elected 
as  a  Republican  to  the  Forty-seventh,  Forty-eighth 
Forty-ninth,  and  Fiftieth  Congresses  (March  4, 
1881-March  3,  1889);  appointed  consul-general  to 
Mexico  by  President  Harrison  and  retired  from 
that  position  at  the  end  of  the  administration; 
appointed  consul-general  at  Frankfort-on-the- 
Main  by  President  McKinley;  resigned  December 
9,  1912;  consul-general  at  Cape  Town,  Africa. 

Guernsey,  Frank  Edward,  a  Representative 
from  Maine;  born  October  15,  1866,  in  Dover,  Pis- 
cataquis county,  Me. ;  attended  the  common  schools, 
Foxcrof  t  academy,  Eastern  Maine  conference  semi- 
nary in  Bucksport,  Maine  Wesleyan  seminary, 
Kents  Hill,  Me.,  and  Eastman's  business  college, 
Poughkeepsie,  N.  Y.,  studied  law  and  was  admit- 
ted to  the  bar  in  Dover  in  1890;  treasurer  of  Pisca- 
taquis  county  1890-1896 ;  member  of  the  state  house 
of  representatives  1897-1899,  served  in  the  senate  in 
1903 ;  delegate  to  the  Republican  national  conven- 
tion in  Chicago  in  1908;  elected  as  a  Republican 
to  the  Sixtieth  Congress,  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by 
death  of  Llewellyn  Powers;  reelected  to  the  Sixty- 
first  Congress  and  served  from  December  7,  1908 
to  March  3, 1911.  Reelected  to  the  Sixty-second  Con- 
gress. 

Guggenheim,  Simon,  a  Senator  from  Colorado; 
born  in  Philadelphia,  December  30,  1867;  was 
graduated  from  the  public  schools  of  Philadelphia, 
after  which  he  studied  languages  in  Europe  for  two 
years;  engaged  in  the  mining  and  smelting  busi- 
ness in  the  United  States  and  the  Republic  of 
Mexico;  went  to  Pueblo,  Colo.,  in  1888;  later  moved 
to  Denver;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  United 
States  Senate  and  served  from  March  4,  1907  to 
March  3,  1913. 

Gunckel,  Lewis  B . ,  a  Representative  from  Ohio ; 
born  in  Germantown,  Ohio,  October  15,  1826;  was 
graduated  from  Farmer's  college  in  1848,  and  in 
1851  from  the  law  school  of  Cincinnati  college; 
was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  began  practice  in 
Dayton,  Ohio,  in  1851;  delegate  to  the  Republican 
national  convention  in  1856;  member  of  the  state 


senate  1862-1865;  presidential  elector  on  the  Re- 
publican ticket  in  1864;  appointed  by  Congress  a 
manager  of  the  national  military  soldiers'  home  for 
disabled  volunteers  in  1864;  reappointedin  1870for 
six  years;  appointed  United  States  commissioner  to 
investigate  Indian  frauds  in  1871;  elected  as  a  Re- 
publican to  the  Forty-third  Congress  (March  4, 
1873-March  3,  1875);  died  in  Dayton,  Ohio,  Octo- 
ber 3,  1903. 

Gunn,  James,  a  Senator  from  Georgia;  born  in 
Virginia  in  1739;  pursued  an  academic  course; 
studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar  and  began 
practice  in  Savannah,  Ga.;  served  during  the  Rev- 
olutionary war,  and  as  a  captain  of  dragoons  par- 
ticipated in  the  relief  of  Savannah,  Ga.,  in  1782; 
elected  to  the  Continental  Congress,  but  did  not 
serve;  elected  to  the  United  States  Senate  in  1789; 
reelected  in  1795  and  served  from  March  4, 1789,  to 
March  3,  1801;  died  in  Louisville,  Ga  ,  July  30, 
1801. 

Gunn,  James,  a  Representative  from  Idaho; 
born  in  County  Fermanagh,  Ireland,  March  6, 
1841;  emigrated  with  his  parents  to  Wisconsin; 
attended  the  common  schools  and  attended  Notre 
academy,  Indiana;  volunteered  as  a  private  in 
company  G,  twenty-seventh  Wisconsin  infantry, 
and  served  until  the  close  of  the  Civil  war;  was 
mustered  out  with  the  rank  of  captain;  in  1866 
went  to  Colorado,  where  he  resided  nine  years  in 
the  counties  of  Gilpin  and  Clear  Creek;  mayor  of 
Georgetown,  Colo.,  three  years;  went  to  Hailey, 
Idaho,  in  Wood  River  valley,  in  1881 ;  elected  to 
the  senate  of  the  first  state  legislature  in  1890; 
delegate  to  the  Trans-Mississippi  Congress  in  Den- 
ver, Colo. ;  nominated  by  the  Populists  for  Congress 
in  1892,  and  again  in  1894,  and,  though  defeated 
each  time,  received  a  third  nomination  from  the 
People's  Democratic-Fusion  in  1896;  elected  to  the 
Fifty-fifth  Congress  (March  4,  1897-March  3,  1899); 
editor  of  the  Boise  Sentinel,  commandant  of  the 
Idaho  Soldiers'  Home  1901-1903;  died  in  Boise, 
Idaho,  November  5,  1911. 

Gunter,  Thomas  Montague,  a  Representative 
from  Arkansas;  born  in  Warren  county,  Tenn., 
September  18,  1826;  pursued  classical  studies  and 
was  graduated  from  Irving  college  in  1850;  studied 
law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced 
practice  in  Fayetteville,  Ark.,  in  1853;  served  in 
the  Confederate  army  as  colonel  of  the  thirteenth 
Arkansas  volunteers;  prosecuting  attorney  for  the 
fourth  judicial  circuit  1866-1868;  successfully  con- 
tested the  election  of  William  W.  Wilshire  to  the 
Forty-third  Congress  June  16,  1874;  reelected  as  a 
Democrat  to  the  Forty-fourth,  Forty-fifth,  Forty- 
sixth,  and  Forty-seventh  Congresses,  and  served 
from  June  16,  1874,  to  March  3,  1883;  died  in  Fay- 
etteville, Washington  county,  Ark.,  January  12, 
1904. 

Gurley,  Henry  H.,  a  Representative  from  Lou- 
isiana; born  in  Lebanon,  Conn.,  in  1787;  pursued 
classical  studies;  was  graduated  from  Williams- 
town  college;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the 
bar,  and  began  practice  in  Baton  Rouge,  La.; 
United  States  district  judge  for  Louisiana;  elected 
to  the  Eighteenth,  Nineteenth,  Twentieth,  and 
Twenty-first  Congresses  (March  4,  1823-March  3, 
1831);  died  in  Baton  Rouge,  La.,  in  1832. 

Gurley,  John  Addison,  a  Representative  from 
Ohio;  born  in  East  Hartford,  Conn.,  December  9, 
1813;  pursued  an  academic  course;  studied  theol- 
ogy; pastor  of  the  Universalist  Church  in  Methuen, 


BIOGRAPHIES. 


691 


Mass.,  1834-1837;  moved  to  Cincinnati,  Ohio,  and 
became  editor  of  the  Star  in  the  West;  retired  from 
the  ministry  in  1850;  elected  as  a  Republican  to 
the  Thirty-sixth  and  Thirty-seventh  Congresses 
(March  4,  1859-March  3,  1863);  during  the  Civil 
War  was  upon  military  duty,  by  appointment,  in 
Cincinnati  with  the  rank  of  colonel;  appointed 
governor  of  Arizona  by  President  Lincoln,  but  died 
in  Green  township,  near  Cincinnati,  Ohio,  on  the 
eve  of  his  departure,  August  19,  1863. 

Gustine,  Amos,  a  Representative  from  Penn- 
sylvania; elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Twenty- 
seventh  Congress,  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  the 
death  of  William  S.  Ramsey,  and  served  from 
May  31,  184],  to  March  3,  1843. 

Guthrie,  James,  a  Senator  from  Kentucky; 
born  in  Nelson  county,  Ky.,  December  5,  1792; 
attended  McAllister's  academy,  Bardstown,  Ky.; 
studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  prac- 
ticed in  Bardstown,  Ky.;  appointed  common- 
wealth attorney  in  1820  and  moved  to  Louisville; 
member  of  the  state  legislature  for  several  years, 
serving  in  both  branches;  delegate  and  chosen 
president  of  the  Kentucky  constitutional  conven- 
tion; president  of  the  University  of  Louisville,  the 
Louisville  and  Portland  canal  company,  and  the 
Louisville  and  Nashville  railroad  company;  ap- 
pointed Secretary  of  the  Treasury  March  7,  1853, 
and  served  until  March  5, 1857 ;  elected  as  a  Demo- 
crat to  the  United  States  Senate,  and  served  from 
March  4,  1865,  to  February  7,  1868,  when  he  re- 
signed; died  in  Louisville,  Ky.,  March  13,  1869. 

Guyon,  James,  jr.,  a  Representative  from  New 
York;  born  in  Richmond  county,  N.  Y.,  in  1777; 
pursued  an  academic  course;  member  of  the  state 
house  of  representatives  1812-1814;  successfully 
contested  the  election  of  Ebenezer  Sage  to  the 
Sixteenth  Congress,  and  served  from  January  14, 
1820,  to  March  3,  1821;  died  in  Richmond  county, 
N.  Y.,  March  8,  1846. 

Gwin,  William  McKendree,  a  Representative 
from  Mississippi,  and  a  Senator  from  California; 
born  in  Sumner  county,  Tenn.,  October  9,  1805; 
pursued  classical  studies  and  was  graduated  from 
Transylvania  university,  Lexington,  Ky.;  studied 
and  practiced  medicine;  moved  to  Mississippi,  and 
in  October,  1833,  appointed  United  States  marshal 
for  that  state;  elected  as  a  Democrat  from  Missis- 
sippi to  the  Twenty-seventh  Congress  (March  4, 
1841-March  3,  1843);  superintendent  for  building 
the  customhouse  in  New  Orleans;  moved  to  Cali- 
fornia June,  1849;  member  of  the  state  constitu- 
tional convention  in  1849 ;  elected  as  a  Democrat 
from  California  to  the  United  States  Senate,  and 
served  from  September  9,  1850,  to  March  3,  1855; 
reelected  to  the  United  States  Senate,  and  servea 
from  February  16,  1857?  to  March  3,  1861,  there 
being  a  vacancy  from  this  state  from  March  4, 1855, 
to  February  16,  1857;  connected  with  the  South- 
ern Confederacy  and  with  the  Mexican  Imperial 
Government  of  Maximilian;  returned  to  California, 
and  engaged  in  agricultural  pursuits;  died  in  New 
York  City,  September  3, 1885. 

Gwinnett,  Button,  a  Delegate  from  Georgia; 
born  in  England  in  1732;  pursued  an  academic 
course;  came  to  Charleston,  S.  C.,  in  1765;  engaged 
in  commercial  pursuits;  moved  to  St.  Catherines 
Island,  Georgia,  in  1768,  and  engaged  in  planting; 
delegate  in  the  Provincial  Congress  in  Savannah  in 
1776;  delegate  in  the  Continental  Congress  1776- 
1777;  signer  of  the  Declaration  of  Independence; 


member  of  the  state  constitutional  convention  fn 
February,  1777;  defeated  for  governor  of  Georgia; 
died  near  Savannah,  Ga.,  May  27,  1777. 

Habersham,  John,  a  Delegate  from  Georgia; 
born  in  Savannah,  Ga. ,  in  1754 ;  completed  a  prepar- 
atory course;  became  a  merchant;  served  in  the 
Revolutionary  war  as  major  of  the  first  Georgia 
Continental  regiment;  member  of  the  Continental 
Congress  1785-1786;  appointed  Indian  agent  by 
General  Washington;  collector  of  customs  at  Sa- 
vannah 1789-1799;  died  near  Savannah,  November 
19,  1799. 

Habersham,  Richard  Wylly,  a  Representative 
from  Georgia;  born  in  Savannah,  Ga.,  in  December, 
1786;  was  graduated  from  Princeton  college  in  1805; 
studied  law  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  be- 
gan practice  in  Savannah;  appointed  United  States 
attorney;  resigned  in  1825,  owing  to  a  collision 
between  the  administration  of  John  Quincy  Adams 
and  Governor  George  M.  Trpup;  moved  to  Clarks- 
ville,  Habersham  county,  in  1835;  elected  as  a 
States  Rights  Democrat  to  the  Twenty-sixth  and 
Twenty-seventh  Congresses  and  served  from  March 
4,  1839,  until  his  death,  in  Clarksville,  Ga.,  Decem- 
ber 2,  1842. 

Hackett,  Richard  Nathaniel,  a  Representa- 
tive from  North  Carolina;  born  in  Wilkesboro, 
N.  C.,  December  4,  1866;  attended  the  Wilkesboro 
high  school  and  the  University  of  North  Carolina; 
was  graduated  from  the  last-named  institution  in 
1887;  studied  law  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in 
September,  1888;  chairman  of  the  Wilkes  county 
Democratic  executive  committee  for  several  terms; 
member  of  the  Democratic  state  executive  com- 
mittee fifteen  years ;  mayor  of  Wilkesboro  two  terms ; 
represented  North  Carolina  at  the  centennial  of 
Washington's  inauguration  in  New  York  in  1889; 
nominee  of  his  party  for  state  representative  in 
1896;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Sixtieth  Con- 
gress (March  4,  1907-March  3,  1909);  resumed  the 
practice  of  law  in  North  Wilkesboro,  N.  C. 

Hackett,  Thomas  C.,  a  Representative  from 
Georgia;  native  of  that  state,  attended  the  common 
schools;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Thirty-first 
Congress  (March  4,  1849-March  3,  1851);  died  in 
Marietta,  Ga.,  October  8,  1851. 

Hackley,  Aaron,  jr.,  a  Representative  from 
New  York;  born  in  New  Haven,  Conn.;  attended 
the  public  schools;  was  graduated  from  Williams 
college  in  1805;  county  clerk  three  years;  judge  ad- 
vocate of  WTar  of  1812;  member  of  the  state  house  of 
representatives  1814-1815,  and  1818;  elected  to  the 
Sixteenth  Congress  (March  4,  1819-March  3,  1821); 
moved  to  Herkimer,  N.  Y.;  district  attorney  of 
Herkimer  county  1828-1833;  again  a  member  of  the 
state  house  of  representatives  in  1837;  justice 
county  court  of  St.  Lawrence  county,  N.  Y.;  died 
in  New  York  City,  December  28,  1868. 

Hackney,  Thomas,  a  Representative  from 
Missouri;  born  in  Giles  county,  Tenn.,  December 
11,  1861;  attended  the  common  schools  of  Jackson 
county,  the  Southern  Illinois  normal  university,  at 
Carbondale,  and  the  Missouri  state  university,  at 
Columbia;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  September  18, 
1886;  interested  in  zinc  and  lead  mines  in  the 
Joplin  district;  chairman  of  the  house  judiciary 
committee  in  the  state  legislature,  session  1901; 
elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Sixtieth  Congress 
(March  4,  1907-March  3,  1909);  resumed  the  prac- 
tice of  law  in  Carthage,  Mo. 


692 


CONGRESSIONAL   DIEECTOEY. 


Hadley,  William  Flavius  Lester,  a  Represent- 
ative from  Illinois;  born  near  Collinsville,  111., 
June  15,  1847;  attended  the  common  schools  and 
McKendree  college,  Lebanon,  from  which  he  was 
graduated  in  June,  1867;  was  graduated  from  the 
law  department  of  the  University  of  Michigan  in 
1871;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  state  senate 
in  1886;  one  of  the  four  delegates  at  large  from 
Illinois  to  the  Republican  national  convention  at 
Chicago  in  1888;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the 
Fifty-fourth  Congress,  to  fill  the  vacancy  caused  by 
the  death  of  Frederick  Remann,  and  served  from 
March  4,  1895,  to  March  3,  1897;  died  in  Riverside, 
Cal.,  April  25,  1901. 

Hagans,  John  Marshall,  a  Representative  from 
West  Virginia;  born  in  Brandon ville,  Va.,  August 
13,  1838;  attended  the  public  schools;  studied  law, 
and  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1859 ;  elected  prose- 
cuting attorney  for  Monongalia  county  in  1862; 
reelected  in  1863,  1864,  and  1870;  law  reporter  for 
the  supreme  court  of  appeals  from  January,  1864,  to 
March  4,  1873;  mayor  of  Morgantown,  1866,  1867, 
and  1869;  presidential  elector  on  the  Republican 
ticket  in  1868;  member  of  the  state  constitutional 
convention  in  1871;  elected  to  the  Forty-third 
Congress  and  served  from  January  27,  1874,  to 
March  3, 1875;  his  election  was  unsuccessfully  con- 
tested by  Benjamin  F.  Martin;  died  in  Morgantown, 
W.  Va.,  June  17,  1900. 

Hager,  Alva  Lysander,  a  Representative  from 
Iowa;  born  near  Jamestown,  Chautauqua  county, 
N.  Y.,  October  29,  1850;  in  1859  his  family  moved 
to  Iowa  and  settled  near  Cottonville,  Jackson 
county;  removed  to  Jones  county  in  1863;  attended 
the  common  schools  and  high  schools  of  Monticello 
and  Anamosa;  was  graduated  from  the  law  school, 
Iowa  City,  in  1875;  elected  to  the  state  senate  in 
1891;  chairman  of  the  Iowa  Republican  state  con- 
vention of  1892;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the 
Fifty-third,  Fifty-fourth,  and  Fifty-fifth  Congresses 
(March  4,  1893-March  3,  1899);  resumed  the  prac- 
tice of  law  in  Greenfield,  Iowa;  moved  to  Des 
Moines,  Iowa,  and  engaged  in  the  practice  of  law. 

Hager  John,  Sharpenstein,  a  Senator  from 
California;  born  in  German  Valley,  Morris  county, 
N.  J.,  March  12,  1818;  completed  preparatory 
studies  and  was  graduated  from  Princeton  college 
in  1836;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in 
1840,  and  practiced  in  Morristown,  N.  J.,  eight 
years;  emigrated  to  California  in  1849;  member  of 
the  state  constitutional  convention  in  1849;  served 
in  the  state  legislature  in  1852;  elected  judge  for 
the  district  of  San  Francisco  in  1855  and  served 
six  years;  elected  to  the  state  senate  in  1865,  1867, 
and  1873;  regent  of  the  state  university;  elected 
to  the  United  States  Senate  as  an  Anti-Monopoly 
Democrat,  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  the  resigna- 
tion of  Eugene  Casserly,  and  served  from  February 
9,  1874,  to  March  3,  1875;  member  of  the  second 
state  constitutional  convention  in  1879;  collector 
of  customs  of  the  port  of  San  Francisco,  Cal.,  1885- 
1889;  died  in  San  Francisco,  Cal.,  March  19,  1890. 

Haggott,  Warren  Armstrong,  a  Representa- 
tive from  Colorado;  born  in  Franklin  township, 
Shelby  county,  Ohio,  May  18,  1864;  attended  the 
common  schools,  the  Sidney  grammar  school, 
Xenia  college,  Xenia,  Ohio,  and  was  graduated 
from  Valparaiso  college,  Valparaiso,  Ind.,  in  1886; 
taught  school;  moved  to  Idaho  Springs,  Colo.,  in 
1887;  superintendent  of  the  public  schools;  studied 
law,  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1892,  and  com- 


menced practice  in  Idaho  Springs,  Colo.;  lieu- 
tenant governor  of  Colorado  1903-1905;  chairman 
of  the  Republican  state  convention,  May  6,  1904; 
member  of  the  American  bar  association  and  of  the 
American  institute  of  mining  engineers;  elected 
as  a  Republican  to  the  Sixtieth  Congress  (March  4, 
1907-March  3,  1909);  resumed  the  practice  of  law 
in  Denver,  Colo 

Hahn,  John,  a  Representative  from  Pennsyl- 
vania; a  native  of  Pennsylvania;  elected  to  the 
Fourteenth  Congress  (March  4,  1815-March  3, 

1817). 

Hahn,  Michael,  Representative  from  Louisiana; 
born  in  Bavaria,  November  24,  1830;  emigrated  to 
the  United  States  and  located  in  New  Orleans,  La. ; 
attended  the  public  schools  and  was  graduated 
from  the  law  department  of  the  University  of 
Louisiana  April  7,  1851;  elected  to  the  Thirty- 
seventh  Congress,  but  was  not  admitted  to  his  seat 
until  the  7th  of  February,  1863,  and  served  until 
March  3,  1863;  appointed  prize  commissioner  of 
New  Orleans;  elected  governor  of  Louisiana  on 
March  4,  1864;  elected  to  the  state  legislature  in 
1872,  1874,  and  1876;  appointed  state  register  of 
voters  on  the  15th  of  August,  1876;  superintendent 
of  the  United  States  mint  at  New  Orleans  in  1878; 
elected  district  judge  in  November,  1879,  and  re- 
elected  in  1884  and  served  until  March  3,  1885, 
when  he  resigned;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the 
Forty-ninth  Congress  and  served  from  March  4, 
1885,  until  his  death,  in  Washington,  D.  C., 
March  15,  1886. 

Haight,  Charles,  a  Representative  from  New 
Jersey;  born  in  Colts  Neck,  N.  J.,  January  4,  1838; 
was  graduated  from  Princeton  college  in  1857; 
studied  law  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar;  member 
of  the  New  Jersey  state  legislature  in  1861  and  1862, 
and  served  the  last  year  as  speaker  of  the  house; 
commissioned  brigadier  general  of  militia  in  1861; 
throughout  the  Civil  War  was  active  in  raising, 
equipping,  and  sending  troops  to  the  seat  of  war; 
elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Fortieth  and  Forty- 
first  Congresses  (March  4,  1867-March  3,  1871); 
elected  prosecutor  for  Monmouth  county  in  1879 
and  served  until  his  death  in  Freehold,  N.  J., 
August  1,  1891. 

Haight,  Edward,  a  Representative  from  New 
York;  born  in  New  York  City,  N.  Y.,  March  26, 
1817;  completed  preparatory  studies;  engaged  in 
the  wholesale  dry-goods  business;  removed  to  West 
Chester,  N.  Y.,  in  1850;  president  of  a  banking 
institution;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Thirty- 
seventh  Congress  (March  4,  1861-March  3,  1863); 
retired  from  active  business  pursuits;  died  in 
West  Chester,  N.  Y.,  September  15,  1885. 

Haile,  William,  a  Representative  from  Missis- 
sippi; born  in  1797;  moved  to  Mississippi  and  lo- 
cated at  Wood  ville;  elected  to  the  Nineteenth 
Congress,  to  fill  the  vacancy  caused  by  the  death 
of  Christopher  Rankin;  reelected  to  the  Twentieth 
Congress,  and  served  from  December  4,  1826,  until 
1828,  when  he  resigned;  died  in  Woodville,  Miss., 
March  7,  1837. 

Hailey,  John,  a  Delegate  from  the  Territory  of 
Idaho;  born  in  Smith  county,  Tenn.,  August  29, 
1835;  attended  the  common  schools;  moved  with 
his  parents  to  Dade  county,  Mo.,  in  1848;  crossed 
the  plains  to  Oregon  in  1853 ;  went  in  1862  to  what  is 
now  Idaho;  engaged  in  farming  and  stock  raising 
and  mining;  elected  as  a  Democrat  a  Delegate  to 


BIOGRAPHIES. 


693 


the  Forty-third  Congress  (March  4,  1873-March  3, 
1875);  elected  to  the  legislative  council  of  Idaho 
in  1880  and  was  its  president;  reelected  a  Delegate 
to  the  Forty-ninth  Congress  (March  4,  1885- 
March  3,  1887);  appointed  warden  of  Idaho  pen- 
itentiary. 

Hairier,  Eugene  J.,  a  Representative  from 
Nebraska;  born  in  Funfkirchen,  Hungary,  August 
16,  1851;  emigrated  to  the  United  States  with  his 
parents  in  1854;  spent  his  boyhood  on  a  farm  near 
Garden  Grove,  Iowa,  until  1873;  attended  the  Gar- 
den Grove  seminary  and  Iowa  agricultural  col- 
lege; was  graduated  from  the  law  department  of 
Simpson  centenary  college,  Indianola,  Iowa,  in 
1876;  moved  to  Aurora,  Nebr.,  in  1877,  and  engaged 
in  the  practice  of  law;  became  interested  in  bank- 
ing and  in  a  line  of  creameries  in  southern  Nebraska; 
elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Fifty-third  and 
Fifty-fourth  Congresses  (March  4,  1893-March  3, 
1897);  a  resident  of  Lincoln,  Nebr. 

Haines,  Charles  Delemere,  a  Representative 
from  New  York;  born  in  Medusa,  Albany  county, 
N.  Y.,  June  9,  1856;  moved  with  his  parents  to 
Coxsackie;  attended  the  common  schools;  studied 
telegraphy  and  became  train  dispatcher,  assistant 
superintendent,  and  superintendent  of  a  railroad; 
at  26  he  turned  his  attention  to  building  street 
railways  and  associated  with  him  his  four  brothers, 
under  the  firm  name  of  Haines  Brothers,  who  built 
thirty-six  street  railways  in  thirteen  States;  located 
in  Kinderhook  in  1888  and  built  the  Kinderhobk 
and  Hudson  Railway ;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the 
Fifty-third  Congress  (March  4,  1893-March  3, 1895); 
a  resident  of  New  York  City. 

Haldeman,  Richard  Jacobs,  a  Representative 
from  Pennsylvania;  born  in  Harrisburg,  Pa.,  May 
19,  1831;  was  graduated  from  Yale  college  in  1851; 
attache  of  the  legation  at  Paris  in  1853  and  later 
occupied  a  similar  position  at  St.  Petersburg; 
returned  to  Harrisburg  and  purchased  the  Daily 
and  Weekly  Patriot  and  Union  and  was  its  editor 
until  1860;  delegate  to  the  Baltimore  and  Charles- 
ton conventions  in  1860;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to 
the  Forty-first  and  Forty-second  Congresses  (March 
4,  1869-March  3,  1873);  died  in  Harrisburg,  Pa., 
October  1,  1885. 

Hale,  Artemas,  a  Representative  from  Massa- 
chusetts; born  in  Winchendon,  Mass.,  October  20, 
1783;  received  a  limited  education  and  worked  on 
a  farm;  taught  school  in  Hingham,  Mass.,  1804-1814; 
became  interested  in  manufacturing  in  Bridge- 
water;  served  several  terms  in  both  branches  of  the 
legislature;  delegate  to  the  state  constitutional  con- 
vention in  1853;  elected  as  a  Whig  to  the  Twenty- 
ninth  and  Thirtieth  Congresses  (March  4,  1845- 
March  3,  1849);  presidential  elector  on  the  Lincoln 
and  Johnson  ticket  in  1864;  died  in  Bridgewater, 
Mass.,  August  3,  1882. 

Hale,  Eugene,  a  Representative  and  a  Senator 
from  Maine;  born  in  Turner,  Oxford  county,  Me., 
June  9,  1836;  completed  a  preparatory  course; 
studied  law  in  Portland,  Me.,  was  admitted  to  the 
bar  in  1857,  and  commenced  practice  in  Ellsworth, 
Me.;  for  nine  successive  years  county  attorney  for 
Hancock  county;  a  member  of  the  legislature  of 
Maine  in  1867,  1868,  and  1880;  elected  as  a  Repub- 
lican to  the  Forty-first,  Forty-second,  Forty- third, 
Forty-fourth,  and  Forty-fifth  Congresses  (March  4, 
1869-March  3,  1879);  chairman  of  the  Republican 
congressional  committee;  declined  the  appoint- 
ment of  Postmaster  General  in  1874;  delegate  to 


the  Cincinnati  convention  in  1876  and  the  Chicago 
conventions  in  1868  and  1880;  declined  a  cabinet 
portfolio  tendered  by  President  Hayes;  elected  to 
the  United  States  Senate  as  a  Republican;  re- 
elected  in  1887,  1893,  1899,  and  1905,  and  served 
from  March  4,  1881,  until  March  3,  1911;  member 
of  the  National  Monetary  Commission;  retired  and 
is  a  resident  of  Ellsworth,  Me. 

Hale,  James  T.,  a  Representative  from  Penn- 
sylvania; born  in  Bradford  county,  Pa.,  October, 
1810;  studied  law,  and  in  1832  was  admitted  to  the 
bar,  and  commenced  practice  in  Bellefonte,  Pa.; 
appointed  president  judge  of  the  twentieth  judi- 
cial district;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Thirty- 
sixth,  Thirty-seventh,  and  Thirty-eighth  Con- 
gresses (March  4, 1859-March  3, 1865);  died  in  Belle- 
fonte, Pa.,  April  7,  1865. 

Hale,  John  Blackwell,  a  Representative  from 
Missouri;  born  in  Brooks  (now  Hancock)  county, 
W.  Va.,  February  27,  1831;  attended  the  country 
schools;  studied  law,  wa3  admitted  to  the  bar,  and 
practiced  in  Carroll  ton;  member  of  the  state  legis- 
lature 1856-1858;  presidential  elector  on  the 
Douglas  ticket  in  1860;  colonel  of  the  sixty-fifth 
regiment  Missouri  militia  and  of  the  fourth  pro- 
sional  regiment  of  Missouri  militia  in  the  United 
States  service  during  the  Civil  War;  delegate  to 
the  Democratic  national  conventions  in  1864  and 
1868;  presidential  elector  on  the  Greeley  ticket 
1872;  member  of  the  Missouri  constitutional  con- 
vention of  1875;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the 
Forty-ninth  Congress  (March  4,  1885-March  3, 
1887);  died  in  Carrollton,  Mo.,  February  1,  1905. 

Hale,  John  Parker,  a  Representative  and  a 
Senator  from  New  Hampshire;  born  in*Rochesterr 
N.  H.,  March  31,  1806;  in  1827  was  graduated  from 
Bowdoin  college;  studied  law,  and  in  1830  was  ad- 
mitted to  the  bar  and  commenced  practice  in 
Dover,  N.  H.;  member  of  the  state  house  of  repre- 
sentatives in  1832;  appointed  United  States  attor- 
ney in  1834,  but  was  removed  by  President  Tyler  in 
1840;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Twenty-eighth 
Congress  (March  4,  1843-March  3,  1845) ;  elected  to 
the  legislature  in  1846,  and  chosen  speaker;  elected 
as  an  anti-slavery  man  to  the  United  States  Senate 
and  served  from  March  4,  1847,  to  March  3,  1853; 
Free  Soil  candidate  for  the  Presidency  in  1852; 
again  elected  to  the  Senate  in  1855  to  fill  vacancy 
caused  by  the  death  of  Jared  W.  Williams;  reelected 
in  1859  and  served  from  July  30,  1855,  until  March 
3,  1865;  appointed  minister  to  Spain  and  served 
from  March,  1865,  to  July,  1869;  returned  to  Dover, 
N.  H.,  and  died  there,  November  19,  1873. 

Hale,  Nathan  Wesley,  a  Representative  from 
Tennessee;  born  in  Scott  county,  Va.,  February  11, 
1860;  attended  the  schools  of  Nicholasville,  Va., 
and  Kingsley  academy  in  Tennessee;  engaged  in 
the  nursery  business;  was  elected  to  the  lower 
house  of  the  general  assembly  of  Tennessee  in  1890, 
elected  to  the  state  senate  in  1892;  unsuccessful 
candidate  for  Congress  in  1902;  elected  as  a  Re- 
publican to  the  Fifty-ninth  and  Sixtieth  Congresses 
(March  4,  1905-March  3,  1909);  engaged  in  the  oil 
and  real  estate  business. 

Hale,  Robert  Safford,  a  Representative  from 
New  York;  born  in  Chelsea,  Vt.,  September  24, 
1822;  was  graduated  from  the  University  of  Ver- 
mont in  1842;  studied  law  and  admitted  to  the  bar; 
began  practice  in  Elizabeth  town,  N.  Y.,  in  1847; 
judge  of  Essex  county  1856-1864;  appointed  a 
regent  of  the  University  of  New  York  in  1859 ;  presi- 


694 


CONGRESSIONAL   DIEECTOEY. 


dential  elector  in  1860;  special  counsel  of  the 
United  States  1868-1870;  agent  and  counsel  for  the 
United  States  before  the  American  and  British 
mixed  commission  under  the  treaty  of  Washington 
1871-1873;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Thirty- 
ninth  Congress,  to  fill  the  vacancy  caused  by  the 
death  of  Orlando  Kellogg;  elected  to  the  Forty- 
third  Congress  (March  4,  1873-March  3,  1875);  died 
in  Eli/abethtown,  N.  Y.,  December  14,  1881. 

Hale,  Salma,  a  Representative  from  New 
Hampshire;  born  in  Alstead,  Cheshire  county,  N. 
H.,  March  7,  1787;  became  a  printer,  and  in  1805 
edited  the  Walpole  Political  Observatory;  studied 
law;  appointed  clerk  of  the  Cheshire  county  court 
of  common  pleas;  moved  to  Keene  in  1813;  elected 
as  a  Democrat  to  the  Fifteenth  Congress  (March  4, 
1817-March  3,  1819);  clerk  of  the  supreme  court  of 
New  Hampshire,  May  1817,  to  May,  1834;  was  ad- 
mitted to  the  bar  in  October,  1834;  secretary  to  the 
boundary  commission  appointed  under  the  treaty 
of  Ghent;  served  several  terms  as  a  member  of  the 
state  legislature;  died  in  Somerville,  Mass.,  Novem- 
ber 19,  1866. 

Hale,  William,  a  Representative  from  New 
Hampshire;  born  in  Portsmouth,  N.  H.,  August  6, 
1765;  attended  good  English  schools;  was  a  mer- 
chant and  ship  owner,  member  of  both  branches  of 
the  state  legislature,  and  of  the  governor's  council; 
elected  as  a  Federalist  to  the  Eleventh  Congress 
(March  4,  1809-March  3,  1811);  elected  on  the 
peace  ticket  to  the  Thirteenth  and  Fourteenth  Con- 
gresses (March  4,  1813-March  3,  1817);  died  in 
Dover,  N.  H.,  November  8,  1848. 

Haley,  Elisha,  a  Representative  from  Connect- 
icut; born  in  Grpton,  Conn.,  January  21,  1776;  at- 
tended the  public  schools;  served  in  the  Connecti- 
cut general  assembly  1820,1824,  1826,  1829,  1833- 
1834;  in  the  state  senate  in  1830;  elected  as  a  Demo- 
crat to  the  Twenty-fourth  and  Twenty-fifth  Con- 
gresses (March  4,  1835-March  3,  1839);  died  in  Gro- 
ton,  Conn.,  January  22,  1860. 

Hall,  Augustus,  a  Representative  from  Iowa; 
born  in  Batavia,  N.  Y.,  April  29,  1814;  studied  law, 
was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1836,  and  commenced 
practice  in  Marysville,  Ohio,  in  1837;  county  attor- 
ney 1840-1842;  moved  to  Keosauqua,  Iowa,  in  1844; 
presidential  elector  on  the  Pierce  and  King  ticket 
in  1852;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Thirty -fourth 
Congress  (March  4,  1855-March  3,  1857);  appointed 
by  President  Buchanan  chief  justice  of  Nebraska; 
died  near  Bellevue,  Nebr.,  February  1,  1861. 

Hall,  Benton  Jay,  a  Representative  from  Iowa; 
born  in  Mount  Vernon,  Knox  county,  Ohio,  Janu- 
ary 13,  1835,  moved  with  his  parents  to  Iowa  in 
December,  1840;  attended  Knox  college,  Illinois, 
and  was  graduated  from  Miami  university,  Ohio,  in 
1855;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and 
practiced;  member  of  the  lower  house  of  the  general 
assembly  of  Iowa  1872-1873;  member  of  the  state 
senate  1882-1886,  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the 
Forty-ninth  Congress  (March  4,  1885-March  3, 
1887);  defeated  for  reelection;  appointed  commis- 
sioner of  patents  by  President  Cleveland;  died  in 
Burlington,  Iowa,  January  5,  1894. 

Hall,  Boiling,  a  Representative  from  Georgia; 
born  in  Georgia  in  1789;  pursued  classical  studies; 
held  several  local  offices;  member  of  the  state  legis- 
lature for  several  years;  elected  as  a  War  Democrat 
to  the  Twelfth,  Thirteenth,  and  Fourteenth  Con- 
gresses (March  4,  1811-March  3,  1817);  retired  to 


private  life,  moved  to  Alabama  and  engaged   in 
planting  near  Montgomery;  died  March  25,  1836. 

Hall,  Chapin,  a  Representative  from  Penn- 
sylvania; born  in  Ellicott,  Chautauqua  county,  N. 
Y.,  July  12,  1816;  attended  the  public  schools; 
moved  to  Warren,  Pa.,  and  engaged  in  lumbering 
and  mercantile  pursuits;  elected  as  a  Republican 
to  the  Thirty-sixth  Congress  (March  4,  1859-March 
3,  1861). 

Hall,  Darwin  Scott,  a  Representative  from 
Minnesota;  born  in  Wheatland,  Kenosha  county, 
Wis.,  January  23,  1844;  attended  the  common 
schools  and  the  academy  at  Elgin,  111.,  and  Mark- 
ham's  (Milwaukee)  academy;  farmer;  settled  in 
Minnesota  in  1866;  elected  auditor  of  Renville 
county  in  1868  and  1870;  clerk  of  the  district  court 
1873-1877;  elected  to  the  state  house  of  representa- 
tives in  1876;  appointed  register  of  the  United 
States  land  office  at  Benson,  Minn.,  in  1878  and 
1882;  elected  to  the  state  senate  in  1886  for  a  term  of 
four  years;  served  in  company  K,  forty-second  Wis- 
consin volunteer  infantry,  as  a  private  during  the 
civil  war;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Fifty-first 
Congress  (March  4,  1889 -March  3,  1891);  appointed 
chairman  of  the  Chippewa  Indian  commission  by 
President  Harrison  in  1891;  delegate  to  the  Repub- 
lican national  convention  in  Minneapolis  in  1892; 
again  elected  to  the  state  senate  in  1906;  engaged  in 
agricultural  pursuits  near  Olivia,  Minn. 

Hall,  George,  a  Representative  from  New  York; 
native  of  New  Haven,  Conn.;  attended  the  public 
schools;  moved  to  Onondaga,  N.  Y.;  surrogate  of 
Onongada  county  1800-1810  and  1811-1822;  mem- 
ber of  the  state  house  of  representatives  in  1816; 
elected  to  the  Sixteenth  Congress  (March  4,  1819- 
March  3,  1821). 

Hall,  Hiland,  a  Representative  from  Vermont; 
born  in  Bennington,  Vt.,  July  20,  1795;  attended 
the  public  schools;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the 
bar  in  1819,  and  commenced  practice  in  Benning- 
ton ;  member  of  the  state  house  of  representatives  in 
1827;  clerk  of  Benton  county  1828-1829;  state  attor- 
ney 1828-1831;  elected  as  a  Whig  to  the  Twenty- 
second,  Twenty- third,  Twenty-fourth,  Twenty- 
fifth,  Twenty-sixth,  and  Twenty-seventh  Con- 
gresses (March  4,  1831-March  3,  1843);  state  bank 
commissioner  1843-1846;  judge  of  the  state  supreme 
court  1846-1850;  Second  Comptroller  of  the  Treas- 
ury November  27,  1850,  to  September  10,  1851; 
United  States  land  commissioner  for  California, 
1851-1854;  returned  to  Vermont;  governor  of  Ver- 
mont 1858-1860;  delegate  to  the  peace  congress  of 
1861;  died  in  Springfield,  Mass.,  December  18, 1885. 

Hall,  James  Knox  Polk,  a  Representative 
from  Pennsylvania;  born  in  Milesburg,  Center 
county,  Pa.,  September  30, 1844,  educated  in  Pitts- 
burgh, Pa.;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar 
November  8,  1866;  elected  district  attorney  of  Elk 
county  in  1867;  reelected  in  1870  and  in  1873;  re- 
tired from  practice  in  1883,  and  devoted  himself  to 
coal,  lumber,  railroad,  and  banking  business; 
elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Fifty-sixth  and  Fifty- 
seventh  Congresses  and  served  from  March  4,  1899 
until  November  29, 1902,  when  he  resigned ;  elected 
to  the  state  senate,  which  position  he  now  holds. 

Hall,  Joseph,  a  Representative  from  Maine; 
born  in  Methuen,  Essex  county,  Mass.,  June  26, 
1793;  attended  Andover  academy;  moved  to  Cam- 
den,  Me.,  in  1809;  engaged  in  mercantile  pursuits; 
sheriff,  and  held  other  local  offices;  postmaster  at 


BIOGRAPHIES. 


695 


Camden  four  years;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to 
the  Twenty-third  and  Twenty-fourth  Congresses 
(March  4, 1833-March  3,  1837) ;  navy  agent  at  Bos- 
ton 1849-1853;  clerk  in  the  Boston  customhouse; 
died  in  Boston,  Mass.,  December  31,  1859. 

Hall,  Joshua  Oilman,  a  Representative  from 
New  Hampshire;  bom  in  Wakefield,  N.  H.,  No- 
vember 5,  1828;  was  graduated  from  Dartmouth 
college  in  July,  1851;  studied  law,  was  admitted 
to  the  bar  in  1855,  and  practiced  in  Wakefield  and 
Dover,  N.  H.;  solicitor  of  the  county  of  Strafford 
from  June,  1862,  to  June,  1874;  mayor  of  Dover, 
1866-1867;  member  of  the  state  senate  1871-1872; 
served  in  the  state  house  of  representatives  in  1874; 
attorney  of  the  United  States  for  the  district  of 
Hampshire  from  April,  1874,  to  February,  1879; 
elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Forty-sixth  and 
Forty-seventh  Congresses  (March  4,  1879-March  3, 
1883);  died  in  Dover,  N.  H.,  October  31,  1898. 

Hall,  Lawrence  Washington,  a  Representa- 
tive from  Ohio;  born  in  Lake  county,  Ohio,  in 
1819;  was  graduated  from  Hudson  college  in 
1839;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1843, 
and  commenced  practice  in  Bucyrus,  Ohio,  in  1844; 
elected  prosecuting  attorney  of  Crawford  county, 
and  served  1845-1851;  judge  of  the  court  of  com- 
mon pleas  1851-1856;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the 
Thirty-fifth  Congress  (March  4,  1857-March  .3, 
1859);  unsuccessful  candidate  for  the  Thirty-sixth 
Congress;  imprisoned  for  alleged  disloyalty  to  the 
Union  in  1862,  died  in  Bucyrus,  Ohio,  January  18, 
1863. 

Hall,  Lyman,  a  delegate  from  Georgia;  born  in 
Wallingford,  Conn.,  April  12,  1724;  was  graduated 
from  Yale  college  in  1747;  studied  medicine,  and 
began  practice  in  Wallingford,  and  later  in  Dor- 
chester and  Sunbury,  Ga.;  member  of  the  con- 
ventions of  1774  and  1775,  held  in  Savannah; 
Delegate  in  the  Continental  Congress  1775-1780; 
a  signer  of  the  Declaration  of  Independence;  re- 
turned home,  and  lost  his  property  by  British  con- 
fiscation; resumed  residence  in  Savannah;  gov- 
ernor of  Georgia  in  1783;  again  practiced  medicine; 
judge  of  the  inferior  court  of  Chatham  county; 
moved  to  Burke  county  in  1790;  died  in  Burke 
county,  Ga.,  October  19,  1790;  final  interment  in 
Augusta,  Ga. 

Hall,  Nathan  Kelsey,  a  Representative  from 
New  York;  born  in  Marcellus,  N.  Y.,  March  10, 
1810;  studied  law  in  Buffalo  with  Millard  Fillmore; 
was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1832,  and  practiced; 
judge  of  Erie  county  from  January,  1841,  to  Jan- 
uary, 1845;  member  of  the  state  house  of  representa- 
tives in  1846;  elected  as  a  Whig  to  the  Thirtieth 
Congress  (March  4,  1847-March  3,  1849);  appointed 
Postmaster  General,  and  served  from  July  23,  1850, 
to  August  31,  1852;  appointed  United  States  dis- 
trict judge  for  the  western  district  of  New  York, 
and  held  the  position  until  his  death,  in  Buffalo, 
N.  Y.,  March  2,  1874. 

Hall,  Norman,  a  Representative  from  Pennsyl- 
vania; born  on  the  Muncy  Farms,  Lycoming 
county,  Pa.,  November  17,  1829;  was  graduated 
from  Dickinson  college  in  1847;  engaged  in  the 
iron  business;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Fiftieth 
Congress  (March  4,  1887-March  3,  1889);  engaged 
in  banking  business  in  Sharon,  Pa.;  member  of 
the  commission  to  select  site  and  erect  institution 
for  "The  feeble-minded  children  of  western  Penn- 
sylvania;" retired  from  active  business  and  is  a 
resident  of  Sharon,  Pa. 
* 


Hall,  Obed,  a  Representative  from  New  Hamp- 
shire; was  elected  to  the  Twelfth  Congress  (March 
4,  1811-March  3,  1813);  died  in  Bartlett,  N.  H., 
April  1,  1828. 

Hall,  Osee  Matson,  a  Representative  from  Min- 
nesota; born  in  Conneaut,  Ohio,  September  10, 
1847;  was  graduated  from  Williams  college  in  1868; 
was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  practiced  in  Red 
Wing,  Minn. ;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Fifty- 
second  and  Fifty-third  Congresses  (March  4,  1891- 
March  3,  1895). 

Hall,  Philo,  a  Representative  from  South  Da- 
kota; born  in  Wilton,  Waseca  county,  Minn.,  De- 
cember 31,  1865;  attended  the  common  schools; 
studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar;  state's  at- 
torney for  Brookings  county,  1892-1898;  member 
of  the  state  senate  1901;  attorney  general  of  South 
Dakota  1902-1906;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the 
Sixtieth  Congress  (March  4,  1907-March  3,  1909); 
resumed  the  practice  of  law  in  Brookings,  S.  Dak. 

Hall,  Robert  Bernard,  a  Representative  from 
Massachusetts;  born  in  Boston,  Mass.,  January  28, 
1812;  entered  the  Boston  public  Latin  school  in 
1822,  and  studied  theology  in  New  Haven,  1833- 
1834;  ordained  to  the  ministry,  first  as  an  orthodox 
Congregationalist,  and  then  as  an  Episcopalian ;  was 
one  of  the  twelve  original  members  of  Garrison's 
Anti-Slavery  Society  in  1832;  moved  to  Plymouth, 
Mass.;  member  of  the  state  senate  in  1855;  elected 
as  an  American  to  the  Thirty-fourth  Congress  and 
as  a  Republican  to  the  Thirty-fifth  Congress 
(March  4,  ISS^March  3,  1859);  delegate  to  the 
Union  convention  at  Philadelphia  in  1866;  died 
in  Plymouth,  Mass.,  April  15,  1868. 

Hall,  Thomas  H.,  a  Representative  from  North 
Carolina;  born  in  Edgecombe  county,  N.  C.,  in 
1783;  studied  medicine  and  practiced  in  Tarboro; 
elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Fifteenth,  Sixteenth, 
Seventeenth,  Eighteenth,  Twentieth,  Twenty- 
first,  Twenty-second,  and  Twenty- third  Con- 
gresses (March  4,  1817-March  3,  1835);  member  of 
the  state  senate  in  1836;  died  in  Tarboro,  N.  C., 
June  30,  1853. 

Hall,  Uriel  Sebree,  a  Representative  from  Mis- 
souri; born  in  Randolph  county,  Mo.,  April  12, 
1852;  attended  the  common  schools,  and  was  gradu- 
ated from  Mount  Pleasant  college,  at  Huntsville, 
Mo.;  studied  law  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar; 
elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Fifty-third  and 
Fifty-fourth  Congresses  (March  4,  1893-March  3, 
1897);  president  of  Pritchett  college,  Glasgow,  Mo. 

Hall,  Willard,  a  Representative  from  Delaware; 
born  in  Westford,  Mass.,  December  24,  1780;  was 
graduated  from  Harvard  college  in  1799;  studied 
law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1803  and  com- 
menced practice  in  Wilmington,  Del.;  secretary 
of  state  of  Delaware  1811-1814;  elected  to  the 
Fifteenth  and  Sixteenth  Congresses  and  served 
from  March  4,  1817,  until  January  22,  1821,  when 
he  resigned;  again  secretary  of  state  in  1821;  mem- 
ber of  the  state  house  of  representatives  in  1822; 
United  States  district  judge  for  Delaware  1823- 
1872,  when  he  resigned;  died  in  Wilmington,  Del., 
May  11,  1875. 

Hall,  Willard  Preble,  a  Representative  from 
Missouri;  born  in  Harpers  Ferry,  Va.,  May  9,  1820; 
was  graduated  from  Yale  in  1839;  studied  law,  and 
was  admitted  to  the  bar;  moved  to  Sparta,  Buch- 
anan county,  Mo.,  and  practiced  law,  and  when 


696 


CONGRESSIONAL   DIRECTORY. 


county  seat  was  moved,  went  to  St.  Joseph,  Mo., 
appointed  circuit  attorney;  served  in  the  Mexican 
war  in  the  first  Missouri  cavalry;  elected  as  a  Dem- 
ocrat to  the  Thirtieth,  Thirty-first,  and  Thirty- 
second  Congresses  (March  4,  1847-March  3,  1853; 
resumed  the  practice  of  law  in  St.  Joseph,  Mo.; 
unsuccessful  candidate  for  the  United  States  Sen- 
ate in  1856;  lieutenant  governor  of  Missouri  in 
1861-1862,  and  acting  governor  1864-1865;  died  in 
St.  Joseph,  Mo.,  November  3,  1882. 

Hall,  William,  a  Representative  from  Tennes- 
see; born  in  Virginia  in  1774;  moved  to  Green 
Garden,  Tenn.;  served  in  the  Indian  wars  and  the 
War  of  1812;  member  of  the  state  legislature  for 
several  years,  and  speaker  of  the  senate;  governor  of 
Tennessee  in  1820;  major-general  of  militia;  elected 
as  a  Democrat  to  the  Twenty-second  Congress 
(March  4,  1831-March  3,  1833);  died  in  Green  Gar- 
den, Tenn.,  in  October,  1856. 

Hall,  William  A.,  a  Representative  from  Mis- 
souri; native  of  Maine;  went  to  Virginia  and  then 
to  Missouri  in  1841;  presidential  elector  in  1844; 
judge  of  the  circuit  court  in  1847;  delegate  to  the 
state  constitutional  convention  of  1861;  elected  as 
a  Democrat  to  the  Thirty-seventh  Congress,  to  fill 
vacancy  caused  by  the  expulsion  of  John  B .  Clark ; 
reelected  to  the  Thirty-eighth  Congress  and  served 
from  January  20,  1862,  to  March  3,  1865;  delegate 
to  the  Democratic  national  convention  in  Chicago 
in  1864. 

Hallock,  John,  jr.,  a  Representative  from  New 
York;  born  in  Orange  county,  N.  Y.,  in  July,  1783; 
member  of  the  state  house  of  representatives  in 
1816-1821;  member  of  the  state  constitutional  con- 
vention in  1821;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Nine- 
teenth and  Twentieth  Congresses  (March  4,  1825- 
March  3,  1829);  died  in  Ridgebury,  N.  Y.,  Decem- 
ber 6,  1840. 

Halloway,  Hansom,  a  Representative  from  New 
York;  native  of  Dutchess  county,  N.  Y.;  elected 
as  a  Whig  to  the  Thirty-first  Congress  (March  4, 
1849-March  3,  1851);  died  in  Mount  Pleasant, 
Md.,  April  6,  1851. 

Hallowell,  Edwin,  a  Representative  from  Penn- 
sylvania; born  in  Abington,  Montgomery  county, 
Pa.,  in  1844;  attended  the  public  schools;  elected 
member  of  the  state  legislature  in  1876;  reelected 
in  1878;  chairman  of  the  Democratic  county  com- 
mittee of  Montgomery  county  in  1886;  delegate  to 
the  Democratic  national  convention  in  1888; 
elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Fifty-second  Congress 
(March  4,  1891-March  3,  1893). 

Halsell,  John  Edward,  a  Representative  from 
Kentucky;  born  in  Warren  county,  Ky.,  Septem- 
ber 11,  1826;  educated  at  Cumberland  university, 
Lebanon,  Tenn.;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the 
bar,  and  commenced  practice  in  Bowling  Green  in 
1856;  elected  county  attorney  for  Warren  county 
and  served  four  years;  elected  circuit  judge  of  the 
fourth  judicial  district  of  Kentucky  in  1870;  elected 
as  a  Democrat  to  the  Forty-eighth  and  Forty -ninth 
Congresses  (March  4,  1883-March  3,  1887);  "died  in 
Fort  Worth,  Tex.,  December  26,  1899. 

Halsey,  George  Armstrong,  a  Representative 
from  New  Jersey;  born  in  Springfield,  N.  J.,  Decem- 
ber 7,  1827;  attended  the  Springfield  academy; 
leather  manufacturer  in  Newark  in  1844  and  then 
engaged  in  the  wholesale  clothing  business,  again 
taking  up  the  leather  business  in  1866;  member  of 


the_ state  assembly  of  New  Jersey  in  1861  and  1862; 
United  States  assessor  of  internal  revenue  1862- 
1866;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Fortieth  Con- 
gress (March  4, 1867-March  3, 1869);  reelected  to  the 
Forty-second  Congress  (March  4,  1871-March  3, 
1873);  died  in  Newark,  N.  J.,  April  1,  1894. 

Halsey,  Jehiel  H.,  a  Representative  from  New 
York;  native  of  Lodi,  N.  Y.;  attended  the  public 
schools;  elected  as  a  Jackson  Democrat  to  the  Twen- 
ty-first Congress  (March  4,  1829-March  3,  1831); 
member  of  the  state  senate  1832-1835;  surrogate 
1837-1843. 

Halsey,  Nicoll,  a  Representative  from  New 
York;  native  of  Seneca  county,  N.  Y.;  member  of 
the  state  house  of  representatives  in  1824;  elected 
as  a  Democrat  to  the  Twenty-third  Congress 
(March  4,  1833-March  3,  1835). 

Halsey,  Silas,  a  Representative  from  New  York; 
native  of  New  York;  attended  the  public  schools; 
member  of  the  state  house  of  representatives  from 
Onandaga  county  in  1797  and  1798;  moved  to  Ca- 
yuga  county;  again  a  member  of  the  state  house  of 
representatives  1800-1801,  1803,  and  1804;  member 
of  the  state  constitutional  convention  in  1801; 
elected  to  the  Ninth  Congress  (March  4, 1805-March 
3,  1807);  served  in  the  state  senate  in  1809. 

Halstead,  William,  a  Representative  from  New 
Jersey;  native  of  New  Jersey;  was  graduated  from 
Princeton  college  in  1812;  was  admitted  to  the  bar 
ill  1816,  and  practiced;  prosecutor  of  Hunterdon 
county  1833  to  1837;  elected  as  a  Whig  to  the 
Twenty-fifth  Congress  (March  4,  1837-March  3, 
1839);  presented  credentials  as  a  member-elect  to 
the  Twenty-sixth  Congress  but  was  refused  admit- 
tance; reelected  to  the  Twenty -seventh  Congress 
(March  4,  1841-March  3,  1843);  United  States  dis- 
trict attorney  for  New  Jersey;  many  years  a  court 
reporter;  raised  the  first  regiment  of  cavalry  in  New 
Jersey  for  the  Civil  War  and  served  as  colonel;  died 
in  Trenton,  N.  J.,  March  4,  1878. 

Halterman,  Frederick,  a  Representative  from 
Pennsylvania ;  born  in  Vegesack  on  the  Weser,  part 
of  the  old  Hanse  town  of  Bremen,  Germany,  Octo- 
ber 22,  1831;  attended  the  high  school;  emigrated 
to  Philadelphia  September,  1849;  engaged  in 
the  grocery  business,  from  which  he  retired  in 
1891;  elected  a  member  of  the  select  council  in 
1880  for  a  term  of  three  years;  elected  as  a  Repub- 
lican to  the  Fifty-fourth  Congress  (March  4,  1895- 
March  3,  1897) ;  elected  president  of  the  twelfth  sec- 
tional school  board  of  Philadelphia,  Pa. ;  died  in 
Philadelphia,  Pa.,  March  22,  1907. 

Halvorson,  Kittel,  a  Representative  from  Min- 
nesota; born  in  Telemarken,  Norway,  Europe,  De- 
cember 15,  1846;  emigrated  to  the  United  States 
with  his  parents  in  1848  and  settled  in  Wisconsin; 
attended  the  public  schools;  entered  the  military 
service  in  1863,  during  the  Civil  War,  enlisting  in 
company  C,  first  regiment  Wisconsin  heavy  artil- 
lery, and  served  until  the  close  of  the  war;  moved  to 
Minnesota  in  November,  1865,  and  settled  in 
Stearns  county;  engaged  in  farming  and  stock  rais- 
ing; member  of  the  state  house  of  representatives  in 
1887 ;  elected  by  the  Farmers'  Alliance  and  Prohibi- 
tionists to  the  Fifty-second  Congress  (March  4, 
1891-March  3,  1893). 

Hambleton,  Samuel,  a  Representative  from 
Maryland;  born  at  "Waterloo  farm  in  Talbot 
county,  Md.,  January  8,  1812;  educated  by  private 


BIOGEAPHIES. 


697 


tutors  and  attended  Easton  academy;  studied  law, 
was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1833  and  commenced 
practice  in  Easton;  member  of  the  state  house  of 
delegates  in  1834  and  1835;  appointed  states  attor- 
ney of  Talbot  county  October  24,  1836,  and  served 
eight  years;  served  in  the  state  senate  1844-1850; 
presidential  elector  in  1844;  president  of  the  Chesa- 
peake and  Ohio  canal  in  1853  and  1854;  again  a 
member  of  the  state  house  of  delegates  in  1853; 
elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Forty-first  and  Forty- 
second  Congresses  (March  4,  1869-March  3,  1873); 
died  in  Easton,  Md.,  December  29,  1889. 

Hamer,  Thomas  L.,  a  Representative  from 
Ohio;  native  of  Pennsylvania;  studied  law,  ad- 
mitted to  the  bar  in  1821  and  commenced  prac- 
tice in  Georgetown,  Ohio;  for  several  years  mem- 
ber of  the  Ohio  house  of  representatives  and  served 
one  year  as  speaker;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the 
Twenty-third,  Twenty-fourth,  and  Twenty-fifth 
Congresses  (March  4,  1833-March  3,  1839;  nomin- 
nated  Ulysses  S.  Grant  to  be  a  cadet  at  West  Point; 
volunteered  as  a  private  in  the  Mexican  war,  and 
received  the  next  day  the  commission  of  brigadier- 
general;  died  in  the  service  at  Monterey,  Mexico, 
December  2, 1846;  on  March  2, 1847  Congress  passed 
a  resolution  of  sorrow  and  as  an  expression  of  their 
deep  regret  presented  his  nearest  male  relative  with 
a  sword. 

Hamer,  Thomas  Bay,  a  Representative  from 
Idaho;  born  in  Vermont,  Idaho,  May  4,  1864;  at- 
tended public  schools,  Hedding  college,  and  the 
Bloomington  law  school;  was  admitted  to  the  bar, 
and  commenced  practice  in  St.  Anthony,  Idaho,  in 
1893;  volunteered  in  April,  1898,  in  the  first  Idaho 
volunteer  infantry  in  the  war  with  Spain;  served  as 
captain  and  lieutenant-colonel  in  that  regiment; 
military  governor  of  the  Island  of  Cebu;  associate 
justice  of  the  supreme  court  of  the  Philippine  Is- 
lands; mustered  out  in  San  Francisco,  Cal.,  as  lieu- 
tenant-colonel of  the  Thirty-seventh  United  States 
volunteer  infantry  May  27,  1901;  elected  as  a  Re- 
publican to  the  Sixty-first  Congress  (March  4,  1909- 
March  3,  1911);  resumed  the  practice  of  law  in  St. 
Anthony,  Idaho. 

Hamill,  James  Alphonsus,  a  Representative 
from  New  Jersey;  born  in  Jersey  City,  N.  J.,  March 
30,  1877;  was  graduated  from  St.  Peter's  college, 
Jersey  City,  in  1897,  attended  the  New  York  law 
school,  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1900;  mem- 
ber of  the  New  Jersey  house  of  assembly  1902-1906; 
elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Sixtieth  and  Sixty- 
first  Congresses  (March  4, 1907-March  3, 1911);  dele- 
gate to  the  Democratic  national  convention  of  1908; 
in  Denver,  Colo.  Reelected  to  the  Sixty-second  Con- 
gress. 

Hamill,  Patrick,  a  Representative  from  Mary- 
land; born  in  Green  Glades,  Allegany  county,  Md., 
April  28,  1817;  attended  private  schools;  appointed 
collector  of  taxes  in  1841  and  1842;  member  of  the 
state  house  of  representatives  in  1843  and  1844; 
judge  of  the  orphan's  court  of  Allegany  county  and 
served  seven  years;  engaged  in  farming  and  mercan- 
tile pursuits;  elected  chief  judge  of  the  orphan's 
court  of  Allegany  in  1867;  elected  as  a  Democrat 
to  the  Forty-first  Congress  (March  4,  1869-March  3, 
1871);  died  in  Oakland,  Garrett  county,  Md., 
January  15,  1895. 

Hamilton,  Alexander,  a  Delegate  from  New 
York;  born  on  the  island  of  Nevis,  British  West 
Indies,  January  11, 1757;  came  to  the  United  States 
in  1772,  where  he  received  educational  training 


in  the  schools  of  Elizabethtown,  N.  J.,  and  King's 
college,  N.  Y.;  entered  the  Continental  army  in 
New  York  in  1776  as  captain  of  artillery;  appointed 
aid-de-camp  to  General  Washington  March  1,  1777; 
elected  to  the  Continental  Congress  1782-1783,  and 
1787-1788;  member  of  the  Annapolis  convention  of 
1786;  member  of  the  New  York  legislature  1787; 
member  of  the  Philadelphia  constitutional  conven- 
tion of  1787;  member  of  the  state  constitutional  con- 
vention in  1788;  studied  law,  admitted  to  the  bar 
and  engaged  in  practice  in  New  York  City;  Secre- 
tary of  the  Treasury  under  President  Washington 
1789-1795;  returned  to  New  York  and  resumed  the 
practice  of  law;  mortally  wounded  in  a  duel  with 
Aaron  Burr  at  Weehawken,  on  the  Hudson,  and 
died  in  New  York  City  the  following  day,  July  12, 
1804. 

Hamilton,  Andrew  Holman,  a  Representative 
from  Indiana;  born  in  Fort  Wayne,  Ind.,  June  7, 
1834;  attended  the  common  schools  and  was  gradu- 
ated from  Wabash  college;  studied  law  at  the  Har- 
vard law  school,  was  admitted  to  the  bar  and  com- 
menced practice  in  Fort  Wayne,  Ind.,  elected  to 
the  Forty-fourth  and  Forty-fifth  Congresses  (March 
4,  1875-March  3,  1879);  died  in  Fort  Wayne,  Ind., 
May  9,  1895. 

Hamilton,  Andrew  Jackson,  a  Representative 
from  Texas;  born  in  Madison  county,  Ala.,  January 
28,  1815;  pursued  preparatory  studies;  studied  law 
and  was  admitted  to  the  bar;  clerk  of  the  county 
court;  moved  to  Texas  in  1846  and  practiced  law  in 
Lagrange^  attorney-general  of  the  state ;  presidential 
elector  on  the  Buchanan  and  Breckinridge  ticket  in 
1856;  elected  as  an  Independent  Democrat  to  the 
Thirty-sixth  Congress  (March  4,  1859-March  3, 
1861);  brigadier-general  of  volunteers,  November 
14,  1862;  appointed  by  President  Lincoln  military 
governor  of  Texas  in  1862;  appointed  provisional 
governor  by  President  Johnson  in  1865;  justice  of 
•the  supreme  court  of  Texas  in  1866 ;  delegate  to  the 
loyalists'  convention  at  Philadelphia  in  1866;  died 
in  Austin,  Tex.,  April  10, 1875. 

Hamilton,  Charles  M.,  a  Representative  from 
Florida;  born  in  Clinton  county,  Pa.,  November  1, 
1840;  studied  law;  served  in  the  Union  army  and 
was  wounded  at  Games'  Mills,  Antietam,  and  Fred- 
ericksburg;  detailed  a  judge  advocate;  was  admit- 
ted to  the  bar,  began  the  practice  of  law  in  1868; 
elected  as  a  Republican  upon  the  readmission  of  the 
state  of  Florida,  to  the  Fortieth  and  Forty-first  Con- 
gresses, and  served  from  July  1,  1868,  to  March  3, 
1871. 

Hamilton,  Cornelius  Springer,  a  Representa- 
tive from  Ohio;  born  in  Muskingum  county,  Ohio, 
January  2,  1821;  attended  the  common  schools; 
and  Granville,  Ohio  college;  moved  to  Union 
county  in  1839;  studied  law  and  was  admitted  to 
the  bar;  engaged  in  farming  and  banking  in  connec- 
tion with  the  practice  of  his  profession;  appointed 
land  appraiser  and  assessor  in  1845;  delegate  to  the 
state  constitutional  convention  in  1850;  member  of 
the  state  senate  in  1856;  editor  and  proprietor  of  the 
Marysville  Tribune;  appointed  by  President  Lin- 
coln assessor  of  the  eighth  congressional  district  of 
Ohio;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Fortieth  Con- 
gress and  served  from  March  4,  1867  until  called 
home  to  attend  a  son  who  had  become  insane,  and 
was  killed  by  him  in  Marysville,  Ohio,  December 
22,  1867.- 

Hamilton,  Daniel  Webster,  a  Representative 
from  Iowa;  born  in  Ogle  county,  111.,  December 


698 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 


20,  1861;  in  1868  moved  to  Miami  county,  Kans., 
removed  to  Keokuk  county,  Iowa,  in  1874;  at- 
tended the  common  schools  and  was  graduated 
trom  the  law  department  of  the  State  University, 
Iowa  City,  in  June,  1884;  was  admitted  to  the  bar, 
and  commenced  the  practice  of  law  in  Sigourney, 
Iowa;  twice  the  Democratic  candidate  for  district 
judge  in  his  judicial  district;  postmaster  of  Sigour- 
ney 1894-1898;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Six- 
tieth Congress  (March  4,  1907-March  3,  1909);  re- 
sumed the  practice  of  law  in  Sigourney,  Iowa. 

Hamilton,  Edward  La  Rue,  a  Representative 
from  Michigan;  born  in  Niles  township,  Berrien 
county,  Mich.,  December  9,  1857;  attended  the 
common  schools,  and  was  graduated  from  the 
Niles  high  school  in  1876;  studied  law,  and  was 
admitted  to  the  bar  in  1884,  and  commenced  prac- 
tice in  Niles,  Mich.;  elected  as  a  Republican  to 
the  Fifty-fifth,  Fifty-sixth,  Fifty-seventh,  Fifty- 
eighth,  Fifty-ninth,  Sixtieth,  and  Sixty-first  Con- 
gresses (March  4,  1897-March  3,  1911).  Reelected 
to  the  Sixty-second  Congress. 

Hamilton,  James,  a  Representative  from  South 
Carolina;  born  in  Charleston,  S.  C.,  May  8,  1786; 
completed  academic  studies;  studied  law,  was  ad- 
mitted to  the  bar,  and  began  practice  in  Charles- 
ton; served  in  the  War  of  1812  as  major;  mayor  of 
Charleston ;  served  several  terms  in  the  state  house 
of  representatives;  elected  to  the  Seventeenth 
Congress,  to  fill  the  vacancy  caused  by  the  resig- 
nation of  William  Lowndes,  as  a  State  Rights  Free 
Trader;  reflected  to  the  Eighteenth,  Nineteenth, 
and  Twentieth  Congresses  (March  4,  1821-March  3, 
1829);  governor  of  South  Carolina  1830-1832; 
moved  to  Texas;  drowned  while  on  his  way  from 
New  Orleans  to  Galveston,  November  153  1857. 

Hamilton,  John,  a  Representative  from  Penn- 
sylvania; born  in  Washington  county,  Pa.,  in  1763; 
sheriff  for  several  years;  elected  to  the  Ninth  Con- 
gress (March  4,  1805-March  3,  1807);  died  at  his 
home  in  Washington  county,  Pa.,  August  31,  1837. 

Hamilton,  John  Taylor,  a  Representative  from 
Iowa;  born  October  16,  1843,  on  a  farm  near  Gen- 
eseo,  Henry  county,  111.;  moved  to  Iowa  in  1868; 
engaged  in  business;  mayor  of  Cedar  Rapids;  mem- 
ber of  the  board  of  supervisors;  three  times  a  mem- 
ber of  the  state  legislature,  and  speaker  of  the 
house;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Fifty -second 
Congress  (March  4,  1891-March  3,  1893);  engaged 
in  the  banking  business  in  Cedar  Rapids,  Iowa. 

Hamilton,  Morgan  Calvin,  a  Senator  from 
Texas;  born  near  Huntsville,  Ala.,  February  25, 
1809 ;  moved  to  the  Republic  of  Texas  in  1837 ;  clerk 
in  the  war  department  1839-1845 ;  acted  as  secretary 
of  war  for  three  years;  appointed  comptroller  of 
the  treasury  of  Texas  in  1867;  delegate  to  the  con- 
stitutional convention  in  1868;  elected  as  a  Re- 
publican to  the  United  States  Senate  on  the  re- 
construction of  Texas;  reelected  and  served  from 
March  31,  1870,  to  March  3,  1877;  died  in  San 
Diego,  Cal.,  November  21,  1893. 

Hamilton,  Robert,  a  Representative  from  New 
Jersey;  born  in  Hamburg,  Sussex  county,  N.  J., 
December  9,  1809;  studied  law  and  was  admitted 
to  the  bar;  for  fifteen  years  prosecutor  of  pleas; 
member  of  the  legislature  1863  and  1864,  and  served 
the  last  year  as  speaker;  elected  as  a  Democrat 
to  the  Forty-third  and  Forty-fourth  Congresses 
(March  4,  1873-March  3,  1877);  engaged  in  the 
banking  business  in  Newton,  N.  J.;  director  of  the 


Morris  and  Essex  Railroad  Co.;  died  in  Newton, 
Sussex  county,  N.  J.,  March  14,  1878. 

Hamilton,  William  Tiffany,  a  Representative 
and  a  Senator  from  Maryland;  born  in  Washington 
county,  Md.,  September  8,  1820;  attended  Jeffer- 
son college,  Pennsylvania;  studied  law  and  was 
admitted  to  the  bar  in  1843,  and  began  practice  in 
Hagerstown;  member  of  the  state  assembly  in 
1848;  Cass  presidential  elector  in  1848;  elected  as 
a  Democrat  to  the  Thirty-first,  Thirty-second,  and 
Thirty-third  Congresses  (March  4,  1849-March  3, 
1855);  elected  a  United  States  Senator  from  Mary- 
land, to  fill  the  vacancy  caused  by  the  resignation 
of  William  Pinkney  Whyte,  and  served  from 
March  4, 1869,  to  March  3, 1875;  governor  of  Mary- 
land 1879-1883;  died  in  Hagerstown,  Md.,  October 
26,  1888. 

Hamlin,  Courtney  Walker,  a  Representative 
from  Missouri;  born  in  Brevard,  N.  C.,  October  27, 
1858;  moved  with  his  parents  to  Missouri  in  1869; 
attended  the  common  schools  and  Salem  (Mo.) 
academy;  studied  law,  and  was  admitted  to  the 
bar  March  21,  1882;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the 
Fifty-eighth  Congress  (March  4,  1903-March  3, 
1905);  reelected  to  the  Sixtieth  and  Sixty-first 
Congresses  (March  4,  1907-March  3,  1911).  Re- 
elected  to  the  Sixty-second  Congress. 

Hamlin,  Edward  Stowe,  a  Representative 
from  Ohio;  born  in  Hillsdale,  Columbia  county, 
N.  Y.,  July  6, 1808;  attended  the  schools  of  Elyria, 
Ohio,  and  pursued  an  academic  course  in  Hudson, 
N.  Y.;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and 
practiced  in  Elyria,  Ohio;  prosecuting  attorney  of 
Lorain  county  1833-1835;  elected  as  a  Whig  to  the 
Twenty-eighth  Congress,  to  fill  the  vacancy  caused 
by  the  death  of  Henry  R.  Brinkerhoff,  and  served 
from  December  2,  1844,  to  March  3,  1845;  moved 
to  Cleveland,  Ohio,  in  1844  and  established  the 
True  Democrat,  subsequently  merged  into  the 
Cleveland  Leader;  member  of  the  Free  Soil  con- 
vention in  Buffalo;  president  of  the  board  of 
public  works  1849-1852;  attorney  for  the  state  to 
arrange  the  water  leases  of  the  canals,  collect  and 
readjust  water  rents;  declined  the  appointment 
of  attorney  general  of  Ohio  tendered  by  Governor 
Chase  in  1855;  died  in  Washington,  D.  C.,  Novem- 
ber 23,  1894. 

Hamlin,  Hannibal,  a  Representative  and  a 
Senator  from  Maine ;  born  in  Paris,  Oxford  county, 
Me.,  August  27,  1809;  prepared  for  a  collegiate 
education,  but  was  obliged  by  the  death  of  his 
father  to  take  charge  of  his  home  farm  until  he 
was  of  age;  in  a  printing  office  for  a  year  as  a 
compositor;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar 
in  1833,  and  practiced  in  Hampden,  Penobscot 
county,  until  1848;  member  of  the  legislature  of 
Maine  in  1836,  1837,  1838,  1839,_  1840,  and  1847, 
and  served  as  speaker  of  the  house  in  1837, 1839,  and 
1840;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Twenty-eighth 
and  Twenty-ninth  Congresses  (March  4,  1843- 
March  3,  1847);  elected  to  the  United  States  Sen- 
ate in  1848,  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  the  death  of 
John  Fairfield;  reelected  in  1851  and  served  from 
May  26, 1848,  to  January  7,  1857,  when  he  resigned, 
elected  as  a  Republican  governor  of  Maine;  re- 
signed the  governorship  a  month  later;  reelected 
to  the  United  States  Senate  in  1857,  and  served 
from  March  4,  1857,  until  he  resigned,  January  17, 
1861;  elected  Vice  President  of  the  United  States 
on  the  ticket  with  Abraham  Lincoln,  and  presided 
over  the  Senate  from  March  4,  1861,  to  March  3, 
1865;  appointed  collector  of  the  port  of  Boston  in 


BIOGRAPHIES. 


699 


1865,  but  resigned  in  1866;  again  elected  to  the 
United  States  Senate  in  1869;  reflected  in  1875, 
and  served  from  March  4,  1869,  until  March  3,  1881; 
United  States  minister  to  Spain  1881-1882;  chosen 
a  regent  of  the  Smithsonian  Institution  in  1870; 
died  in  Bangor,  Me.,  July  4,  1891. 

Hammett,  William  H.,  a  Representative  from 
Mississippi,  native  of  Virginia;  studied  theology; 
chaplain  of  the  University  of  Virginia  and  the 
House  of  Representatives;  moved  to  Princeton, 
Miss. ;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Twenty-eighth 
Congress  (March  4,  1843-March  3,  1845). 

Hammond,  Edward,  a  Representative  from 
Maryland;  born  at  "Fort  Hill,"  near  Ellicott  City, 
Howard  county,  Md.,  March  17,  1812;  attended 
the  common  schools,  Rockhill  academy,  and  was 
graduated  from  Yale  college  in  1830;  studied  law, 
was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1833  and  commenced 
practice  in  Annapolis,  Md.;  served  in  the  state 
house  of  delegates;  member  of  the  state  senate  in 
1848;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Thirty-first  and 
Thirty-second  Congresses  (March  4,  1849-March  3, 
1853);  again  elected  to  the  state  legislature  in  1862 
and  1867 ;  elected  associate  judge  of  the  fifth  judicial 
district  in  1867;  died  at  "Fort  Hill,"  near  Ellicott 
City,  Md.,  October  19,  1882. 

Hammond,  Jabez  Delno,  a  Representative 
from  New  York;  born  in  New  Bedford,  Mass.,  Au- 
gust 2,  1778;  attended  the  preparatory  schools; 
studied  medicine,  and  began  practice  in  Reading, 
Vt.,  in  1799;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar, 
and  began  practice  in  Cherry  Valley,  N.  Y.,  in  1805; 
elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Fourteenth  Congress 
(March  4,  1815-March  3,  1817);  served  in  the  state 
senate  1817-1821;  moved  to  Albany,  where  he  re- 
sumed the  practice  of  law  1822-1839;  returned  to 
Cherry  Valley;  elected  judge  of  Otsego  county, 
N.  Y.,  in  1838,  and  served  five  years;  died  in 
Cherry  Valley,  N.  Y.,  August  18,  1855. 

Hammond,  James  Henry,  a  Representative 
and  a  Senator  from  South  Carolina;  born  in  New- 
bury  District,  S.  C.,  November  15,  1807;  was  grad- 
uated from  the  South  Carolina  college  in  1825; 
studied  law,  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1827; 
appointed  a  member  of  the  governor's  staff  in  1833; 
elected  to  the  Twenty-fourth  Congress,  and  served 
from  March  4,  1825,  until  February  16,  1836,  when 
he  resigned;  governor  of  South  Carolina  1842-1844; 
elected  to  the  United  States  Senate  and  served 
from  December  7,  1857,  to  November  11,  1860, 
when  he  retired;  died  in  Beach  Island,  S.  C., 
November  13,  1864. 

Hammond,  John,  a  Representative  from  New 
York;  born  at  Crown  Point,  N.  Y.,  August  27,  1827; 
was  graduated  from  the  Polytechnic  institute  in 
Troy,  N.  Y.;  pioneer  in  California  in  1849;  volun- 
teered as  private  in  the  Civil  war;  promoted  to  cap- 
tain of  cavalry,  and  advanced  to  brigadier  general; 
a  manufacturer  of  iron  for  twenty-five  years ;  presi- 
dent of  the  Crown  Point  Iron  company ;  elected  as  a 
Republican  to  the  Forty-sixth  and  Forty-seventh 
Congresses  (March  4, 1879-March  3, 1883) ;  died  May 
28,  1889. 

Hammond,  Nathaniel  Job,  a  Representative 
from  Georgia;  born  in  Elbert  county,  Ga.,  Decem- 
ber 26,  1833;  was  graduated  from  the  University  of 
Georgia  at  Athens  in  1852;  solicitor  general  1861- 
1865;  reporter  of  the  supreme  court  1867-1872;  at- 
torney general  1872-1877;  member  of  the  constitu- 
tional conventions  of  1865  and  1877;  elected  as  a 
Democrat  to  the  Forty-sixth,  Forty-seventh,  Forty- 


eighth,  and  Forty-ninth  Congresses  (March  4,  1879- 
March  3,  1887);  died  in  April,  1899. 

Hammond,  Robert  H.,  a  Representative  from 
Pennsylvania;  a  native  of  that  state;  elected  as  a 
Van  Buren  Democrat  to  the  Twenty-fifth  and 
Twenty-sixth  Congresses  (March  4,  1837-March  3, 
1841). 

Hammond,  Samuel,  a  Representative  from 
Georgia;  born  in  Richmond  county,  Va.,  Septem- 
ber 21,  1757;  served  in  the  Revolutionary  army; 
settled  in  Savannah;  surveyor  general  of  Georgia; 
served  in  the  Creek  war  and  commanded  a  corps  of 
Georgia  volunteers;  member  of  the  state  house  of 
representatives;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the 
Eighth  Congress  (March  4,  1803-March  3,  1805); 
civil  and  military  governor  of  upper  Louisiana 
territory  1805-1824;  receiver  of  public  moneys  in 
St.  Louis;  moved  in  1824  to  South  Carolina;  a 
member  of  the  state  legislature;  surveyor  general 
in  1825;  secretary  of  state  of  South  Carolina  1831- 
1835;  died  near  Augusta,  Ga.,  September  11,  1842. 

Hammond,  Thomas,  a  Representative  from 
Indiana;  born  February  27,  1843,  in  Fitchburg, 
Mass.;  attended  the  common  schools;  a  carpenter 
and  contractor  until  twenty-one  years  of  age ;  moved 
to  Detroit,  Mich.,  and  engaged  in  the  packing-house 
business;  twelve  years  later  moved  to  Hammond, 
Ind.,  and  assisted  in  the  establishment  of  the 
dressed-beef  industry  for  which  that  city  is  noted; 
elected  mayor  of  Hammond  in  the  spring  of  1888, 
and  twice  reelected;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the 
Fifty-third  Congress  (March  4,  1893-March  3, 1895); 
died  in  Hammond,  Ind.,  September  21,  1909. 

Hammond,  Winfield  Scott,  a  Representative 
from  Minnesota;  born  in  Southboro,  Worcester 
county,  Mass.,  November  17,  1863;  attended  the 
public  schools;  was  graduated  from  Dartmouth 
college  in  1884;  moved  to  Minnesota;  taught  school 
in  Madelia,  Minn. ;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the 
bar  in  1891,  and  commenced  practice  in  St.  James, 
Minn. ;  county  attorney  of  Watonwan  county;  mem- 
ber of  the  state  board  of  normal  school  directors 
eight  years;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Sixtieth 
and  Sixty-first  Congresses  (March  4,  1907-March  3, 
1911).  Reelected  to  the  Sixty-second  Congress. 

Hammons,  David,  a  Representative  from 
Maine;  born  in  Oxford  county,  Me.,  May  12,  1808; 
attended  the  public  schools;  studied  law,  was  ad- 
mitted to  the  bar  in  1836,  and  began  practice  in 
Lovell,  Me.;  member  of  the  state  senate  1840-1841; 
elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Thirtieth  Congress 
(March  4,  1847-March  3,  1849);  resumed  practice  in 
Bethel,  Me.,  and  died  there  November  7,  1888. 

Hammons,  Joseph,  a  Representative  from 
New  Hampshire;  born  in  Cornish,  Me.,  March  3, 
1737 ;  attended  the  public  schools ;  studied  medicine 
and  began  practice  in  Farmington,  N.  H.;  elected 
to  the  Twenty-first  and  Twenty -second  Congresses 
(March  4, 1829-March3, 1833);  postmaster  at  Dover, 
N.  H.,  1833-1836;  died  in  Farmington,  N.  H., 
March  29,  1836. 

Hampton,  James  Giles,  a  Representative  from 
New  Jersey;  born  in  Bridgeton,  N.  J.,  June  13, 
1814;  was  graduated  from  Princeton  college  in  1835; 
studied  law  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1839; 
elected  as  a  Whig  to  the  Twenty-ninth  and  Thir- 
tieth Congresses  (March  4,  1845-March  3,  1849); 
collector  of  the  port  of  Bridgeton,  N.  J.;  died  in 
Bridgeton,  N.  J.,  September  22,  1861. 


700 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 


Hampton,  Moses,  a  Representative  from  Penn- 
sylvania;  born  in  Beaver,  Beaver  county,  Pa.,  Octo- 
ber 28, 1803;  moved  to  Trumbull  county,  Ohio;  pur- 
sued classical  studies  and  was  graduated  from  Wash- 
ington college,  Pennsylvania  in  1827;  studied  law  at 
Uniontown,  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1829,  and 
began  practice  in  Somerset;  moved  in  1838  to  Pitts- 
burgh and  resumed  the  practice  of  law;  elected  as  a 
Whig  to  the  Thirtieth  and  Thirty-first  Congresses 
(March  4,  1847-March  3,  1851);  president  judge  of 
the  Allegheny  county  district  court  1853-1873;  died 
at  his  home  Hampton  Place,"  adjoining  the  vil- 
lage of  Wilkinsburg,  Allegheny  county,  Pa.,  June 
27,  1878. 

Hampton,  Wade,  a  Representative  from  South 
Carolina;  born  in  South  Carolina  in  1754;  received 
a  good  schooling  and  devoted  himself  to  agricul- 
ture; active  in  pre-Revolutionary  movements; 
served  under  Marion  and  Sumter;  elected  to  the 
Fourth  Congress  (March  4,  1795-March  3,  1797);  re- 
elected  to  the  Eighth  Congress  (March  4,  1803- 
March  3, 1805);  presidential  elector  on  the  Jefferson 
and  Burr  ticket  in  1801 ;  colonel  in  the  United  States 
army  in  1808 ;  appointed  brigadier  general  in  Febru- 
ary, 1809,  and  major  general  March  2,  1813;  served 
in  the  war  of  1812  and  resigned  April  6,  1814;  re- 
puted the  wealthiest  planter  in  the  United  States 
and  the  owner  of  3,000  slaves  in  1830;  died  in  Co- 
lumbia, S.  C.,  February  4,  1835. 

Hampton,  Wade,  a  Senator  from  South  Caro- 
lina; born  in  Columbia,  S.  C.,  March  28,  1818;  was 
graduated  from  the  South  Carolina  college;  served 
in  both  branches  of  the  state  legislature,  and  was  a 
member  of  the  senate  when  South  Carolina  seceded ; 
resigned  and  served  in  Confederate  army  during  the 
Civil  war;  raised  and  commanded  "Hampton's 
Legion;"  made  brigadier  general  of  cavalry,  and  a 
major  general  August  3,  1863,  commander  of  Lee's 
cavalry  with  rank  of  lieutenant  general;  elected 
governor  of  South  Carolina  in  1876,  and  again  in 
1878;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  United  States 
Senate  in  December,  1878;  reelected  in  1884  and 
served  from  March  4,  1879,  until  March  3,  1891; 
United  States  railroad  commissioner  1893-1897; 
died  near  Columbia,  S.  C.,  April  11,  1902. 

Hanback,  Lewis,  a  Representative  from  Kan- 
sas; born  in  Winchester,  Scott  county,  111.,  March 
27,  1839;  attended  the  common  schools;  enlisted  in 
the  Union  army,  first  in  the  tenth  Illinois  infantry, 
and  then  in  the  twenty-seventh  Illinois  infantry, 
and  was  promoted  to  first  lieutenant  in  company  K 
of  the  last-named  regiment;  after  the  war  moved 
to  Kansas;  probate  judge  of  Shawnee  county  1868- 
1872;  assistant  United  States  attorney,  district  of 
Kansas,  for  two  years;  receiver  of  public  moneys  at 
Salina,  Kans.;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the 
Forty-eighth  and  Forty-ninth  Congresses  (March  4, 
1883-March  3,  1887);  died  in  Armourdale,  Kans., 
September  9,  1897. 

Hanbury,  Harry  Alfred,  a  Representative  from 
New  York;  born  in  Bristol,  England,  January  1, 
1863 ;  came  to  this  country  with  his  parents  at  an 
early  age;  attended  the  public  schools,  and  was 
graduated  from  a  high  school  in  New  York  City; 
entered  mercantile  life  and  established  iron  works; 
elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Fifty-seventh  Con- 
gress (March  4,  1901-March  3,  1903);  United  States 
shipping  commissioner,  port  of  New  York,  from 
March,  1903,  to  November,  1908;  established  a 
foundry  and  machine  works  in  Brooklyn,  N.  Y., 
and  a  resident  of  that  borough. 


Hanchett,  Luther,  a  Representative  from  Wis- 
consin; born  in  Portage  county,  Ohio,  October  25, 
1825;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1846, 
and  began  practice  in  Freemont,  Ohio;  moved  to 
Portage  county,  Wis.,  in  1849;  engaged  in  lumber 
and  mining  enterprises;  for  four  years  county  at- 
torney; member  of  the  state  senate  1856-1860; 
elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Thirty-seventh  Con- 
gress and  served  from  March  4, 1861,  until  his  death 
in  Madison,  Wis.,  November  24,  1862. 

Hancock,  George,  a  Representative  from  Vir- 
ginia; born  in  Fincastle,  Botetourt  county,  Va., 
June  13,  1754;  pursued  classical  studies;  served  in 
the  Revolutionary  war  as  colonel  of  infantry,  Vir- 
ginia line,  and  was  taken  prisoner  at  the  siege  of 
Savannah,  Ga.;  was  paroled  and  returned  to  Vir- 
ginia; studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and 
practiced  in  Fincastle;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the 
Third  and  Fourth  Congresses  (March  4,  1793-March 
3,  1797);  died  in  Fotheringay,  Va.,  July  18,  1820. 

Hancock,  John,  a  Delegate  from  Massachusetts; 
born  in  Quincy,  Mass.,  January  12,  1737;  pursued 
classical  studies,  was  graduated  from  Harvard  col- 
lege in  1754;  a  selectman  of  Boston  several  terms; 
member  of  the  provincial  legislature  1766-1772; 
active  in  pre-Revolutionary  movements,  and,  with 
Samuel  Adams,  was  exempted  from  pardon  in 
Gov.  Gage's  proclamation  of  June  12, 1775;  Delegate 
to  the  Continental  Congress  1775-1780  and  1785- 
1786,  and  served  as  president  of  the  Congress  May 
27,  1775-October,  1777;  first  signer  of  the  Declara- 
tion of  Independence;  served  as  senior  major 
general  of  militia  during  the  Revolutionary  war; 
member  of  the  Massachusetts  constitutional  con- 
vention of  1780;  governor  of  Massachusetts  1780- 
1785  and  1787,  until  his  death  in  Quincy,  Mass., 
October  8,  1793,  interment  in  Boston,  Mass. 

Hancock,  John,  a  Representative  from  Texas; 
born  in  Jackson  county,  Ala.,  October  24,  1824; 
attended  schools  in  Alabama  and  the  University 
of  East  Tennessee,  Knoxville;  studied  law  at  Win- 
chester, Tenn.;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1846; 
settled  in  Texas  in  1847  and  practiced  his  profession 
there  until  August,  1851;  elected  to  the  district 
bench  of  the  state  and  served  as  judge  until  1855, 
when  he  resigned  and  resumed  practice  and  plant- 
ing; member  of  the  state  legislature  in  1860  and 
1861,  when  he  refused  to  take  the  oath  of  allegiance 
to  the  Confederate  states,  and  was  expelled;  mem- 
ber of  the  state  constitutional  convention  of  1866; 
engaged  in  the  practice  of  his  profession  and 
planting  and  stock  raising;  elected  as  a  Democrat 
to  the  Forty-second,  Forty-third,  and  Forty-fourth 
Congresses  (March  4,  1871- March  3,  1877);  re- 
elected  to  the  Forty-eighth  Congress  (March  4, 
1883-March  3,  1885);  resumed  the  practice  of  law 
in  Austin,  Tex.,  and  died  there  July  19,  1893. 

Hand,  Augustus  Cincinnatus,  a  Representa- 
tive from  New  York;  born  in  Shoreham,  Vt.,  Sep- 
tember 4,  1803;  pursued  academic  studies;  studied 
law  in  Litchfield,  Conn.,  was"  admitted  to  the  bar 
and  began  practice  in  Elizabethtown,  N.  Y.,  surro- 
gate-of  Essex  county  1831-1839;  elected  as  a  Demo- 
crat to  the  Twenty-sixth  Congress  (March  4,  1839- 
March  3,  1841);  elected  state  senator  in  1844  and 
served  several  years;  justice  of  the  state  supreme 
court,  1847-1855;  in  1868  delegate  to  the  Demo- 
cratic national  convention;  died  in  Elizabethtown, 
Essex  county,  N.  Y.,  March  8,  1878. 

Hand,  Edward,  a  Delegate  from  Pennsylvania; 
born  in  Clyduff,  Kings  county,  Ireland,  December 


BIOGRAPHIES. 


701 


31,  1744;  accompanied  the  eighteenth  Royal  Irish 
regiment  to  this  country  as  surgeon's  mate  in  1774, 
but  resigned  and  settled  in  Pennsylvania  in  the 
practice  of  medicine;  participated  in  the  Revolu- 
tion; commissioned  lieutenant  colonel  June  25, 
1775;  with  Gen.  William  Thompson's  brigade;  pro- 
moted colonel  March  7,  1776;  and  brigadier  general 
April  1,  1777;  succeeded  Gen.  John  Stark  in  com- 
mand at  Albany  in  1778,  and  served  in  the  expedi- 
tion against  the  Indians  of  the  Six  Nations;  took 
command  of  a  brigade  of  the  light  infantry  corps  in 
August,  1780;  adjutant  general  of  the  army  from 
January,  1781  to  November,  1783;  brevet  major 
general  September  30,  1783;  mustered  out  Novem- 
ber 3,  1783;  Delegate  in  the  Continental  Congress 
1784-1785;  a  signer  of  the  Pennsylvania  constitu- 
tion of  1790;  major  general  in  the  United  States 
army  June  19,  .1798;  honorably  discharged  June  15, 
1800;  died  in  Rockford,  Lancaster  county,  Pa., 
September  3,  1802. 

Handley,  William.  Anderson,  a  Representative 
from  Alabama;  born  near  Franklin,  Ga.,  December 
15,  1834;  moved  to  Alabama;  attended  the  public 
schools;  held  several  local  offices;  moved  toRoanoke, 
Ala.;  served  in  the  Civil  war  on  the  Confederate 
side ;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Forty-second 
Congress  (March  4,  1871-March  3,  1873);  died  in 
Roanoke,  Ala.,  June  23,  1909. 

Handy,  Levin  Irving,  a  Representative  from 
Delaware;  born  in  Berlin,  Md.,  December  24, 1861; 
attended  public  schools  in  Maryland  and  New 
York;  superintendent  of  free  schools  in  Kent 
county  1887-1890;  chairman  of  the  Democratic 
state  central  committee  1892-1896;  editorial  writer 
on  Wilmington  Every  Evening  1894-1895;  was  ad- 
mitted to  the  bar  in  1899;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to 
the  Fifty-fifth  Congress  (March  4,  1897-March  3, 
1899);  unsuccessful  candidate  for  attorney  general 
in  1904;  defeated  for  election  to  the  Sixty-first  Con- 
gress; member  of  the  Demorcatic  national  conven- 
tions of  1900,  1904,  and  1908;  resumed  the  practice 
of  law  in  Smyrna,  Del. 

Hanks,  James  Millander,  a  Representative 
from  Arkansas;  born  in  Helena,  Ark.,  February  12, 
1833;  attended  the  public  schools,  the  college 
at  New  Albany,  Ind.,  and  the  Jackson  college 
at  Columbia,  Tenn.;  studied  law,  was  graduated 
from  the  University  of  Louisville  in  1855  and 
commenced  practice  in  Helena;  judge  of  the  first 
judicial  district  of  Arkansas  1864-1868;  elected  as  a 
Democrat  to  the  Forty-second  Congress  (March  4, 
1871-March  3,  1873);  died  in  Helena,  Ark.,  May 
24,  1909. 

Hanly,  James  Franklin,  a  Representative 
from  Indiana;  born  in  Champaign  county,  111., 
April  4,  1863;  attended  the  common  schools;  moved 
to  Warren  county,  Ind.,  in  1879;  taught  in  the  pub- 
lic schools  of  the  state  from  1881  to  1889;  studied 
law  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar  April  6,  1889; 
elected  to  the  Indiana  state  senate  in  November, 
1890;  moved  to  Lafayette,  Ind.,  in  1896;  elected  as 
a  Republican  to  the  Fifty-fourth  Congress  (March  4, 
1895-March  3, 1897);  elected  governor  of  Indiana  in 
1904  and  1906;  resumed  the  practice  of  law  in  Indi- 
anapolis, Ind. 

Hanna,  John,  a  Representative  from  Indiana; 
born  in  Marion  county,  Ind.,  September  3,  1827; 
pursued  classical  studies;  was  graduated  from  the 
Indiana  Asbury  university  in  1850;  studied  law  was 
admitted  to  the  bar  and  began  practice  in  Green- 
castle:  mayor  of  Greencastle  in  1851-1854;  moved  to 


Kansas,  and  was  a  member  of  its  territorial  legis- 
lature in  1857-1858;  returned  to  Indiana;  presi- 
dential elector  on  the  Republican  ticket  in  1860; 
appointed  United  States  district  attorney  in  1861, 
and  reappointed  in  1865;  removed  by  President 
Johnson;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Forty- 
fifth  Congress  (March  4,  1877-March  3,  1879);  died' 
inPlainfield,  Ind.,  October  24,  1882. 

Hanna,  John  Andre,  a  Representative  from 
Pennsylvania;  born  in  Flemington,  N.  J.,  in  1761; 
studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  prac- 
ticed in  Harrisburg,  Pa.;  member  of  the  peace  as- 
sembly; served  in  the  whisky  insurrection;  briga- 
dier general  of  militia;  elected  to  the  Fifth,  Sixth, 
Seventh,  and  Eighth  Congresses  (March  4,  1797- 
March  3,  1805);  died  in  Harrisburg,  Pa.,  July  13, 
1805. 

Hanna,  Louis  Benjamin,  a  Representative 
from  North  Dakota;  born  in  New  Brighton,  Pa., 
August  9, 1861 ;  attended  schools  of  Ohio,  Massachu- 
setts, and  New  York;  moved  to  North  Dakota  in 
1881;  member  of  the  house  in  the  state  legislature 
1895-1901;  member  of  the  state  senate  1905-1909; 
elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Sixty-first  Congress 
(March  4,  1909-March  3,  1911).  Reelected  to  the 
Sixty-second  Congress, 

Hanna,  Marcus  Alonzo,  a  Senator  from  Ohio; 
born  in  New  Lisbon  (now  Lisbon),  Columbiana 
county,  Ohio,  September  24,  1837;  moved  with 
his  parents  to  Cleveland  in  1852 ;  attended  the  com- 
mon schools  of  that  city  and  Western  Reserve  col- 
lege, Hudson,  Ohio;  engaged  in  the  wholesale  gro- 
cery business  and  later  in  the  iron  and  coal  business ; 
was  identified  with  the  lake-carrying  trade;  director 
of  the  Union  Pacific  railway  in  1885,  by  appoint- 
ment of  President  Cleveland;  delegate  to  the  Re- 
publican national  conventions  in  1884,  1888,  and 
1896;  chairman  of  the  Republican  national  com- 
mittee in  1896;  appointed  and  subsequently  elected 
as  a  Republican  to  the  United  States  Senate  to  fill 
vacancy  caused  by  the  resignation  of  John  Sherman ; 
reelected  in  January,  1898,  and  also  for  the  succeed- 
ing full  term,  and  served  from  March  5, 1897,  until 
his  death  in  Washington,  D.  C.,  January  15,  1904; 
interment  in  Cleveland,  Ohio. 

Hanna,  Robert,  a  Senator  from  Indiana;  born 
in  Laurens  district,  S.  C.,  April  6,  1786;  settled  in 
Brookville,  Ind.,  in  1802;  sheriff  of  the  common 
pleas  court  1811-1820;  member  of  the  Indiana  con- 
stitutional convention  of  1816;  brigadier  general  of 
state  militia;  register  of  the  land  office;  moved  to 
Indianapolis  in  1825 ;  appointed  United  States  Sen- 
ator as  a  Whig  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  the  death 
of  James  Noble,  and  served  from  December  5,1831, 
to  January  3,  1832;  member  of  the  state  senate; 
served  in  the  state  house  of  representatives;  killed 
by  a  railroad  train  when  walking  upon  the  track  in 
Indianapolis,  Ind.,  November  16,  1858. 

Hannegan,  Edward  A.,  a  Representative  and 
a  Senator  from  Indiana;  native  of  Ohio;  attended 
the  public  schools;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the 
bar,  and  began  practice  in  Covington,  Ind. ;  for  sev- 
eral years  state  representative;  elected  as  a  Demo- 
crat to  the  Twenty-third  and  Twenty-fourth  Con- 
gresses (March  4,  1833-March  3,  1837);  elected  to 
the  United  States  Senate  and  served  from  March  4, 
1843,  to  March  3,  1849;  United  States  minister  to 
Prussia  from  March  22,  1849,  to  January  13,  1850; 
moved  to  St.  Louis,  Mo.,  and  died  there  February 
25,  1859. 


702 


CONGRESSIONAL   DIKECTORY. 


Hansbrough,  Henry  Clay,  a  Representative 
and  a  Senator  from  North  Dakota;  born  in  Ran- 
dolph county,  111.,  January  30,  1848;  attended  the 
common  schools;  learned  the  art  of  printing,  and  en- 
gaged in  newspaper  publishing  in  California,  Wis- 
consin, and  Dakota  territory;  became  a  resident 
of  the  last  named  in  1881;  twice  elected  mayor  of 
Devils  Lake;  delegate  to  the  Republican  national 
convention  in  1888;  national  committeeman  for 
eight  years;  elected  as  a  Republican,  upon  the  ad- 
mission of  the  state  of  North  Dakota  into  the  Union, 
to  the  Fifty-first  Congress  and  served  from  Decem- 
ber 2,  1889,  until  March  3,  1891;  elected  to  the 
United  States  Senate  January  23,  1891;  reelected 
in  1897  and  1903,  and  served  from  March  4,  1891 
until  March  3,  1909;  resident  of  Devils  Lake, 
N.Dak. 

Hanson,  Alexander  Contee,  a  Representative 
from  Maryland;  born  in  Maryland  February  27, 
1786;  received  a  liberal  schooling,  and  was  grad- 
uated from  St.  John's  college,  Annapolis;  presi- 
dential elector  on  the  Federalist  ticket  in  1789  and 
1793;  edited  the  Federal  Republican  in  Baltimore 
when,  in  1812,  a  mob,  irritated  by  his  articles 
denouncing  the  administration,  destroyed  the 
office;  he  issued  the  paper  the  following  day,  and 
escaped  serious  injury  from  a  mob  by  seeking  police 
protection;  moved  the  paper  to  Georgetown,  D.  C., 
where  he  published  it  unmolested;  returned  to 
Baltimore;  elected  as  a  Federalist  to  the  Thirteenth 
and  Fourteenth  Congresses,  and  served  from  March 
4,  1813,  until  November,  1816,  when  he  resigned; 
elected  to  the  United  States  Senate,  to  fill  vacancy 
caused  by  the  resignation  of  Robert  G.  Harper, 
and  served  from  December  20, 1816,  until  his  death 
in  Belmont,  Md.,  April  23,  1819. 

Hanson,  John,  a  Delegate  from  Maryland; 
born  in  Charles  county,  Md.,  in  1715;  pursued 
academic  studies;  member  of  the  Maryland  house 
of  delegates  for  a  number  of  years;  moved  to 
Frederick  county  in  1773;  active  in  pre-Revolu- 
tionary  matters;  treasurer  of  Frederick  county  in 
1775;  elected  a  Delegate  to  the  Continental  Con- 
gress, and  served  from  February  22,  1781,  until 
his  death;  president  of  the  Congress  one  year,  and 
in  that  capacity  gave  Gen.  Washington  the  thanks 
of  the  Congress  for  the  victory  at  Yorktown;  died 
in  Oxen  Hill,  Prince  Georges  county,  Md.,  No- 
vember 22,  1783. 

Haralson,  Hugh  Anderson,  a  Representative 
from  Georgia;  born  near  Pennfield,  Ga.,  November 
13,  1805;  pursued  classical  studies  and  was  grad- 
uated from  Franklin  college  in  1825;  studied  law 
was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1825  and  commenced 
practice  in  Monroe;  moved  to  Lagrange,  Ga. ;  mem- 
ber of  the  state  senate  1837-1838;  elected  as  a  Dem- 
ocrat to  the  Twenty-eighth,  Twenty-ninth,  Thir- 
tieth, and  Thirty-first  Congresses  (March  4,  1843- 
March  3,  1851);  served  in  the  militia  as  a  major 
general;  died  in  Lagrange,  Ga.,  October  6,  1854. 

Haralson,  Jere,  a  Representative  from  Ala- 
bama; born  in  Muscogee  county,  Ga.,  April  1,  1846; 
a  slave  until  emancipated  in  1865;  moved  to  Ala- 
bama ;  elected  a  state  representative  in  1870 ;  mem- 
ber of  the  state  senate  in  1872;  elected  as  a  Repub- 
lican to  the  Forty-fourth  Congress  (March  4,  1875- 
March  3,  1877). 

Hard,  Gideon,  a  Representative  from  New 
York;  county  judge  of  Orleans  county  1856-1860; 
elected  as  a  Whig  to  the  Twenty-third  and  Twenty- 
fourth  Congresses  (March  4,  1833-March  3,  1837); 
member  of  the  state  senate  1842-1847. 


Hardeman,  John  Thomas,  a  Representative 
from  Georgia;  born  in  Putnam  county,  Ga.,  Janu- 
ary 12,  1825;  was  graduated  from  Emory  college  in 
1845;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1847; 
served  in  the  state  legislature  in  1853,  1855,  and 
1857;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Thirty-sixth 
Congress,  and  served  from  March  4,  1859,  until 
January  23, 1861,  when  he  withdrew;  captain  of  the 
Floyd  Rifles;  major  of  the  second  Georgia  battalion 
and  colonel  of  the  forty-fifth  Georgia  regiment; 
elected  to  the  state  legislature  in  1863,  1864,  and 
1874,  and  served  as  speaker  of  the  house  during 
these  sessions;  member  of  the  national  convention 
that  nominated  Horace  Greeley  for  President; 
president  of  the  state  convention  and  chairman  of 
the  state  executive  committee  of  the  Democratic 
party  for  four  years;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the 
Forty-eight  Congress  (March  4,  1883-March  3, 
1885);  died  in  Macon,  Ga.,  March  6,  1891. 

Hardenbergh,  Augustus  Albert,  a  Repre- 
sentative from  New  Jersey;  born  in  New  Bruns- 
wick, N.  J.,  May  18,  1830;  attended  Rutgers  col- 
lege in  1844;  took  up  his  residence  in  Jersey  City 
in  1846;  elected  to  the  house  of  assembly  in  1853; 
member  of  the  board  of  education  in  1855-56; 
alderman  of  Jersey  City  in  1857-1860,  and  served  as 
president  of  the  board  of  aldermen  in  1860;  re- 
elected  member  of  the  board  in  1862;  moved  to 
Bergen,  N.  J.,  in  1863,  and  elected  councilman; 
elected  state  director  of  railroads  in  1868,  and 
moved  to  the  county  of  Bergen  the  same  year; 
delegate  to  the  Democratic  national  convention  at 
Baltimore  in  1872;  removed  to  Jersey  City  in 
1873;  elected  president  of  the  Northern  railroad  of 
New  Jersey  in  1874;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the 
Forty-fourth  and  Forty-fifth  Congresses  (March  4, 
1875-March  3, 1879);  reelected  to  the  Forty-seventh 
Congress  (March  4,  1881-March  3,  1883);  died  in 
Jersey  City,  October  5,  1889. 

Hardin,  Benjamin,  a  Representative  from  Ken- 
tucky; born  in  Westmoreland  county,  Pa.,  in  1784; 
studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1806,  and 
began  practice  in  Elizabeth  town  and  Bardstown, 
Ky.;  settled  in  the  last-named  place  in  1808;  state 
representative  in  1810,  1811,  1824,  and  1825;  mem- 
ber of  the  state  senate  in  1828-1832;  elected  aa  a 
Whig  to  the  Fourteenth  Congress  (March  4,  1815- 
March  3,  1817);  reelected  to  the  Sixteenth  and 
Seventeenth  Congresses  (March  4,  1817-March  3, 
1823);  again  elected  to  the  Twenty-third  and 
Twenty-fourth  Congresses  (March  4,  1833-March  3, 
1837);  secretary  of  state  of  Kentucky  1844-1847; 
member  of  the  state  constitutional  convention  in 
1849;  died  in  Bardstown,  Ky.,  September  24,  1852. 

Hardin,  John  J.,  a  Representative  from  Illi- 
nois; born  in  P>ankfort,  Ky.,  January  6,  1810;  pur- 
sued classical  studies  and  was  graduated  from  the 
Transylvania  university;  studied  law,  was  admitted 
to  the  bar,  and  began  practice  in  Jacksonville,  Ill- 
prosecuting  attorney  lor  several  years;  member  of 
the  state  legislature  1836-1842;  elected  as  a  Whig  to 
the  Twenty-eighth  Congress  (March  4,  1843-March 
3,  1845);  colonel  of  the  first  Illinois  volunteers  in 
the  Mexican  war,  and  was  killed  at  Buena  Vista, 
February  27,  1847. 

Hardin,  Martin  Davis,  a  Senator  from  Ken- 
tucky; born  on  the  Monongahela  river,  western 
Pennsylvania,  June  21,  1780;  pursued  an  academic 
course;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and 
began  practice  in  Franklin  county,  Ky.;  for  a 
number  of  years  a  state  representative;  secretary 
of  state  of  Kentucky  1812-1816;  served  as  major  in 


BIOGRAPHIES. 


703 


the  war  of  1812;  appointed  and  subsequently 
elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  United  States  Senate 
to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  the  resignation  of  William 
T.  Barry,  and  served  from  November  13,  1816,  to 
March  3,  1817;  died  in  Frankfort,  Ky.,  October 
8,  1823. 

Harding,  Aaron,  a  Representative  from  Ken- 
tucky; born  in  Green  county,  Ky.,  in  1810;  attended 
the  public  schools;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to 
the  bar  in  1833,  and  commenced  practice  in  Greens- 
burg,  Ky.;  member  of  the  state  house  of  represen- 
tatives in  1840;  elected  as  a  Unionist  to  the 
Thirty-seventh,  Thirty-eighth,  and  Thirty-ninth 
Congresses  (March  4,  1861-March  3,  1867). 

Harding,  Abner  Clark,  a  Representative  from 
Illinois;  born  in  East  Hampton,  Conn.,  February 
10,  1807;  attended  an  academy;  studied  law,  was 
admitted  to  the  bar,  and  began  practice  in  Oneida 
county,  N.  Y.;  moved  to  Monmouth,  111.;  member 
of  the  state  constitutional  convention  in  1848; 
served  in  the  state  legislature  1848-1850;  moved 
to  Illinois  in  1838;  enlisted  as  a  private  during 
the  Civil  war,  in  the  eighty-third  Illinois  in- 
fantry and  became  a  brigadier  general  in  the 
Union  army;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the 
Thirty-ninth  and  Fortieth  Congresses  (March  4, 
1865-March  3,  1869);  died  in  Monmouth,  111., 
July  10,  1874. 

Harding,  Benjamin  Franklin,  a  Senator  from 
Oregon;  born  in  Wyoming  county,  Pa.,  January  4, 
1823;  attended  the  public  schools;  studied  law, 
was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1847  and  began  practice 
in  Illinois  in  1848;  moved  to  Oregon  in  1849;  clerk 
of  the  territorial  legislature  1850-1851;  member  of 
that  body  and  served  as  its  speaker  in  1852;  United 
States  district  attorney  in  1853;  secretary  of  the 
territory  1854-1859;  member  of  the  state  house  of 
representatives  1859-1862,  and  for  two  years  was 
speaker;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  United 
States  Senate  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  the  death 
of  Edward  D.  Baker,  and  served  from  September 
12, 1862,  to  March  3, 1865;  died  near  Cottage  Grove, 
Oreg.,  June  19,  1899. 

Harding,  John  Eugene,  a  Representative  from 
Ohio;  born  in  Excello,  Ohio,  June  27,  1877; 
attended  the  Amanda  public  schools,  the  Penn- 
sylvania military  academy,  Chester,  Pa.,  and  was 
graduated  from  the  University  of  Michigan,  Ann 
Arbor,  in  1900;  engaged  in  business  in  Middle  town 
and  in  industrial  enterprises;  elected  to  the  state 
senate  in  1903;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the 
Sixtieth  Congress  (March  4,  1907-March  3,  1909); 
engaged  in  the  paper  business  in  Chicago,  111., 
and  is  a  resident  of  Middletown,  Ohio. 

Hardwick,  Thomas  William,  a  Representative 
from  Georgia;  born  in  Thomasville,  Ga.,  Decem- 
ber 9,  1872;  attended  the  common  schools;  studied 
law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  June,  1893,  and 
began  practice  in  September,  1893,  in  Sanders- 
ville;  in  March,  1895,  appointed  prosecuting  at- 
torney for  Washington  county,  which  position 
he  held  until  January,  1897,  when  he  resigned; 
member  of  the  Georgia  house  of  representatives 
1898-1899  and  1901-1902;  in  1900-1901  was  captain 
of  company  D,  sixth  regiment  infantry,  Georgia 
state  troops  (Washington  rifles) ;  moved  to  Thomas- 
ville, Ga.;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Fifty- 
eighth,  Fifty-ninth,  Sixtieth,  and  Sixty-first  Con- 
gresses (March  4,  1903-March  3.  1911).  Eeelected 
to  the  Sixty-second  Congress. 


Hardy,  Alexander  Merrill,  a  Representative 
from  Indiana;  born  in  Simcoe,  Norfolk  county, 
Ontario,  Canada,  December  16,  1847;  pursued  a 
college  course  and  studied  law;  came  to  the  United 
States  in  1864,  taking  a  commercial  course  at  East- 
man college,  Poughkeepsie,  N.  Y.;  went  to  New 
Orleans  in  1869,  where  he  engaged  in  newspaper 
work  until  1873,  when  he  located  in  Natchez, 
Miss.;  conducted  a  Republican  newspaper  until 
1877;  collector  of  the  port  of  Natchez  under  ap- 
pointment of  President  Grant;  located  at  Wash- 
ington, Daviess  county,  Ind.,  in  1884;  engaged  in 
the  practice  of  law;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the 
Fifty-fourth  Congress  (March  4,  1895-March  3, 
1897);  resumed  the  practice  of  law  in  Washington, 
Ind.;  moved  to  Los  Angeles,  Cal.,  in  lfe04  and  en- 
gaged in  the  practice  of  law. 

Hardy,  John,  a  Representative  from  New  York; 
born  in  Scotland,  September  19, 1835;  attended  the 
public  schools,  and  was  graduated  from  the 
College  of  the  City  of  New  York  in  1853;  studied 
law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1862,  and  practiced 
in  the  city  of  New  York ;  member  of  the  state  assem- 
bly in  1862;  member  of  the  board  of  aldermen  of 
the  city  of  New  York  in  1863,  1864,  1867,  1868,  and 
1869;  clerk  of  the  common  council  in  1870  and 
1871,  chief  clerk  in  the  office  of  the  mayor  in 
1877  and  1878;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the 
Forty-seventh  Congress,  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by 
the  death  of  Fernando  Wood;  reelected  to  the 
Forty-eighth  Congress  and  served  from  Decem- 
ber 5,  1881,  until  March  3,  1885;  resumed  the  prac- 
tice of  law  in  New  York  City. 

Hardy,  Samuel,  a  Delegate  from  Virginia;  born 
in  Isle  of  Wight  county,  Va.,  about  1758;  was 
graduated  from  William  and  Mary  college  in  1781; 
studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  prac- 
ticed; member  of  the  house  of  delegates  1777-1781; 
appointed  member  of  the  executive  council  in 
June,  1781;  member  of  the  Continental  Congress 
1783-1785;  lieutenant  governor  of  Virginia  for  a 
time;  died  in  New  York  City,  in  October,  1785. 

Hardy,  Rufus,  a  Representative  from  Texas; 
born  in  Monroe  county,  Miss.,  December  16,  1855, 
attended  the  common  schools,  Somerville  institute. 
Mississippi,  and  was  graduated  from  the  law  de- 
partment of  the  University  of  Georgia  in  1875; 
was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1875,  and  practiced; 
attorney  of  Navarro  county  1880-1884;  district  at- 
torney for  the  thirteenth  judicial  district  1884- 
1888;  district  judge  of  this  district  1888-1892;  re- 
tired from  the  bench  in  December,  1896;  chair- 
man of  the  Texas  Sound  Money  Democracy  in 
1896;  resumed  the  practice  of  law  in  Corsicana, 
Tex.;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Sixtieth  and 
Sixty-first  Congresses  (March  4, 1907-March  3, 1911). 
Reelected  to  the  Sixty-second  Congress. 

Hare,  Darius  Dodge,  a  Representative  from 
Ohio;  born  near  Adrian,  Seneca  county,  Ohio,  Jan- 
uary 9,  1843;  attended  the  common  schools ;-  en- 
tered the  military  service  as  a  private  in  the  signal 
corps,  United  States  army,  in  March,  1864,  and 
served  during  the  remainder  of  the  war;  after  the 
war  assigned  to  special  duty  at  the  headquarters 
of  Maj.  Gen.  Canby  and  afterwards  of  Maj.  Gen. 
Sheridan,  at  New  Orleans;  remained  on  duty  with 
the  latter  until  discharged,  February  17,  1866;  at- 
tended the  law  department  of  the  University  of 
Michigan ;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  September, 
1867;  mayor  of  Upper  Sandusky,  1872-1882;  elected 
as  a  Democrat  to  the  Fifty-second  and  Fifty-third 


704 


CONGRESSIONAL   DIRECTOEY. 


Congresses  (March  4,  1891-March  3,  1895);  died  in 
Upper  Sandusky,  Ohio,  February  10,  1897. 

Hare,  Silas,  a  Representative  from  Texas;  born 
in  Ross  county,  Ohio,  November  13,  1827;  moved 
to  Hamilton  county,  Ind.,  in  1840;  attended  com- 
mon and  private  schools;  served  in  the  war  with 
Mexico  as  a  private;  studied  law,  and  was  ad- 
mitted to  the  bar  in  1850;  removed  to  Texas;  chief 
justice  of  New  Mexico  in  1862,  under  the  Confed- 
erate government!  served  as  a  captain  during  the 
Civil  war;  settled  in  Sherman  in  1865;  criminal 
district  judge  1873-1876;  delegate  to  the  Demo- 
cratic national  convention  in  1884;  Democratic 
presidential  elector  for  the  state  at  large  in  1884; 
elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Fiftieth  and  Fifty-first 
Congresses  (March  4, 1887-March  3, 1891;  after  leav- 
ing Congress  he  engaged  in  the  practice  of  his 
profession  in  Washington,  D.  C.,  and  died  there 
November  26,  1907. 

Haring,  John,  a  Delegate  from  New  York;  born 
in  Tappan,  N.  Y.,  September  28,  1739;  member 
of  the  provincial  convention  of  April,  1775,  and  of 
the  four  New  York  provincial  congresses  1775- 
1777,  and  served  as  president  protempore  of  the 
second  and  third  provincial  Congresses;  Delegate 
to  the  Continental  Congress  in  1774-1775  and  1785- 
1788;  judge  of  Orange  county  1774-1775  and  1778- 
1788;  served  in  the  state  senate  1781-1789;  mem- 
ber of  the  state  convention  to  consider  the  Federal 
constitution  and  voted  to  reject  it;  died  in  Blau- 
veltville,  N.  Y.,  April  1,  1809. 

Harlan,  Aaron,  a  Representative  from  Ohio; 
born  in  Warren  county,  Ohio,  September  8,  1802; 
attended  the  public  schools;  studied  law,  was  ad- 
mitted to  the  bar,  and  began  practice  in  Zenia, 
Ohio,  in  1825;  member  of  the  state  house  of  repre- 
sentatives in  1832  and  1833;  served  in  the  state 
senate  in  1838-1839  and  1849;  moved  to  Yellow 
Springs,  Ohio,  in  1841;  presidential  elector  on  the 
Polk  and  Dallas  ticket  in  1844;  delegate  to  the  state 
constitutional  convention  in  1850;  elected  as  a 
Whig  to  the  Thirty-third,  Thirty-fourth,  and 
Thirty-fifth  Congresses  (March  4,  1853-March  3, 
1859;  moved  to  San  Francisco,  Cal.,  in  1864;  died 
in  San  Francisco,  Cal.,  January  8,  1868. 

Harlan,  Andrew  Jackson,  a  Representative 
from  Indiana;  born  near  Wilmington,  Clinton 
county,  Ohio,  March  29,  1815;  attended  the  public 
schools;  studied  law,  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar; 
moved  to  Marion,  Ind.;  clerk  of  the  Indiana  house 
of  representatives  in  1842  and  a  member  1846-1848; 
elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Thirty-first  Congress 
(March  4,  1849-March  3,  1851);  reelected  to  the 
Thirty-third  Congress  (March  4,  1853-March  3, 
1855);  moved  to  Dakota  territory  in  1861;  member 
of  the  territorial  legislature  in  1861,  and  served  as 
speaker;  driven  from  the  territory  by  the  Indians 
and  settled  in  Savannah,  Mo.,  and  resumed  the 
practice  of  law;  member  of  the  Missouri  legislature 
and  served  three  years  as  speaker;  moved  to 
Wakeeney,  Kans.,  in  1883 ;  postmaster  of  Wakeeney 
four  years;  removed  to  Savannah,  Mo.,  in  1892; 
died  in  Savannah,  Mo.,  May  19,  1907. 

Harlan,  James,  a  Representative  from  Ken- 
tucky; born  in  Mercer  county,  Ky.,  June  22,1800; 
attended  the  public  schools;  studied  law,  was  admit- 
ted to  the  bar  in  1823,  and  began  practice  in  Har- 
rodsburg,  Ky. ;  prosecuting  attorney  1829-1844; 
elected  as  a  Whig  to  the  Twenty-fourth  and 
Twenty-fifth  Congresses  (March  4,  1835-March  3, 
1839);  secretary  of  state  1840-1844;  presidential 


elector  on  the  Whig  ticket  in  1840;  served  again  in 
the  state  legislature  in  1845;  appointed  attorney 
general  of  Kentucky  in  1850,  and  held  the  office 
until  his  death  in  Frankfort,  Ky.,  February  18, 
1863. 

Harlan,  James,  a  Senator  from  Iowa;  born  in 
Clark  county,  111.,  August  25,  1820;  pursued  class- 
ical studies,  and  was  graduated  from  the  Indiana 
Asbury  university  in  1845;  studied  law,  was  ad- 
mitted to  the  bar,  and  practiced;  moved  to  Iowa; 
superintendent  of  public  instruction  in  1847; 
president  of  the  Iowa  Wesleyan  university;  pre- 
sented credentials  as  a  Senator-elect  as  a  Whig  to 
the  United  States  Senate  and  took  his  seat  Decem- 
ber 3,  1855;  owing  to  irregularities  in  the  legislative 
proceedings,  the  seat  was  declared  vacant  January 
12, 1857;  reelected  as  a  Republican  in  1857;  again 
elected  in  1861,  and  served  from  January  29,  1857, 
until  May  15,  1865,  when  he  resigned  to  become 
Secretary  of  the  Interior;  resigned  the  last-named 
position  July  27,  1866 ;  again  elected  a  United  States 
Senator,  and  served  from  March  4, 1867,  to  March  3, 
1873;  delegate  to  the  peace  convention  in  1861; 
delegate  to  the  Philadelphia  Loyalist  convention  of 
1866;  presiding  judge  of  court  of  commissioners  of 
Alabama  claims  1882-1885;  editor  of  the  Washing- 
ton Chronicle;  died  in  Mount  Pleasant,  Iowa,  Oc- 
tober 5, 1899. 

Harmanson,  John  Henry,  a  Representative 
from  Louisiana;  born  in  Norfolk,  Va.,  January  15, 
1803;  pursued  classical  studies,  and  was  graduated 
from  Jefferson  college  in  Mississippi ;  was  admitted 
to  the  bar,  and  practiced  law  in  Louisiana;  member 
of  the  state  senate  in  1844;  elected  as  a  Democrat 
to  the  Twenty-ninth,  Thirtieth,  and  Thirty-first 
Congresses,  and  served  from  March  4,  1845,  until 
his  death  in  New  Orleans,  La.,  October  25,  1850. 

Harmer,  Alfred  Grout,  a  Representative  from 
Pennsylvania;  born  in  Germantown,  Pa.,  August 
8,  1825;  attended  the  public  schools  and  German- 
town  academy;  commenced  business  as  a  shoe 
manufacturer;  became  a  wholesale  dealer,  and 
retired  in  1860;  identified  with  railroad  enter- 
prises, shipping,  and  wholesale  coal  business; 
elected  a  member  of  the  city  council  of  Philadel- 
phia in  1856,  and  served  four  years;  recorder  of 
deeds  for  Philadelphia  1860-1863;  delegate  to  the 
Republican  national  convention  at  Chicago  in 
1865;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Forty-second 
and  Forty-third  Congresses  (March  4,  1871-March 
3,  1875);  reelected  to  the  Forty-fifth  and  to  the 
eleven  succeeding  Congresses,  and  served  from 
March  4,  1877,  until  his  death,  in  Germantown, 
Philadelphia,  Pa.,  March  6,  1900. 

Harriett,  Cornelius,  a  Delegate  from  North 
Carolina;  born  in  Chattan  county,  N.  C.,  April  20, 
1723;  member  of  the  colonial  assembly  1754-1766; 
leader  in  the  resistance  of  the  stamp  act;  president 
of  the  sons  of  liberty  of  North  Carolina  in  1775  and 
was  president  of  the  province;  Delegate  to  the  Con- 
tinental Congress  1777-1780;  died  a  prisoner  in 
Wilmington,  N.  C.,  April  20,  1781. 

Harper,  Alexander,  a  Representative  from 
Ohio;  born  near  Belfast,  Ireland,  February  5, 1786; 
emigrated  to  America  and  located  in  Zanesville, 
Ohio;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and 
commenced  practice  in  Zanesville,  Ohio;  judge  of 
the  court  of  common  pleas  1822-1836;  member  of 
the  state  house  of  representatives  1820-1821; 
elected  as  a  Whig  to  the  Twenty-fifth  Congress 
(March  4  1837-March  3.  1839);  reelected  to  the 


BIOGRAPHIES. 


705 


Twenty-eighth  and  Twenty-ninth  Congresses 
(March  4,  1843-March  3,  1847);  again  elected  to 
the  Thirty-second  Congress  (March  4,  1851-March 
3,  1853);  died  in  Zanesville,  Ohio,  December  1, 
1860. 

Harper,  Francis  J.,  a  Representative  from 
Pennsylvania;  born  in  Frankford,  Pa.,  in  1799; 
state  house  of  representatives  in  1832;  served  in 
the  state  senate  1834-1835;  elected  as  a  Democrat 
to  the  Twenty-fifth  Congress,  but  died  before  the 
assembling  of  Congress,  in  Frankford,  Pa.,  March 
18,  1837. 

Harper,  James,  a  Representative  from  Penn- 
sylvania; born  in  Ireland  in  1779;  emigrated  to 
America  and  located  in  Philadelphia,  Pa.;  elected 
as  a  Clay  Democrat  to  the  Twenty-third  Congress, 
and  as  a  Whig  to  the  Twenty-fourth  Congress 
(March  4,  1833,  to  March  3,  1837);  died  in  Phila- 
delphia, Pa.,  March  31,  1873. 

Harper,  James  C.,  a  Representative  from  North 
Carolina;  born  in  Cumberland  county,  Pa.,  Decem- 
ber 6, 1819;  moved  with  his  father  to  Darke  county, 
Ohio,  in  1831;  attended  the  common  schools;  in 
1840  moved  to  Caldwell  county,  N.  C.;  land  sur- 
veyor, civil  engineer,  and  draftsman;  laid  out 
the  town  of  Lenoir,  N.  C.,  in  1841;  engaged  in 
mercantile  and  manufacturing  pursuits;  held  sev- 
eral local  offices;  elected  to  the  house  of  commons 
of  the  state  in  1865  and  1866;  elected  as  a  Conserva- 
tive to  the  Forty-second  Congress  (March  4,  1871- 
March  3,  1873);  died  near  Patterson,  N.  C.,  Jan- 
uary 8,  1890. 

Harper,  John  Adams,  a  Representative  from 
New  Hampshire;  was  born  in  Deerfield,  N.  H., 
November  2,  1779;  pursued  an  academic  course; 
studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  began 
practice  in  Meredith,  N.  H.;  served  in  the  state 
militia  1809-1812;  elected  as  a  War  Democrat  to 
the  Twelfth  Congress  (March  4,  1811-March  3, 
1813);  defeated  for  reelection;  died  in  Laconia, 
N.  H.,  June  18,  1816. 

Harper,  Joseph  Morrill,  a  Representative 
from  New  Hampshire;  born  in  Limerick,  Me., 
June  21,  1787;  attended  the  public  schools;  stud- 
ied medicine  and  began  practice  in  Canterbury, 
N.  H.,  in  1811;  served  in  the  war  of  1812  as  assist- 
ant surgeon  in  the  fourth  infantry;  member  of 
the  state  house  of  representatives  in  1826  and 
1827;  served  in  the  state  senate  1829-1830,  the 
last  year  as  president  of  the  senate  and  ex  officio 
governor  from  February  until  June,  1831;  elected 
as  a  Democrat  to  the  Twenty-second  and  Twenty- 
third  Congresses  (March  4,  1831-March  3,  1835); 
died  in  Canterbury,  N.  H.,  January  15,  1865. 

Harper,  Robert  Goodloe,  a  Representative 
from  South  Carolina  and  a  Senator  from  Maryland; 
born  near  Fredericksburg,  Va.,  in  1765;  was  gradu- 
ated from  Princeton  college  in  1785;  studied  law; 
was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1786,  and  began  prac- 
tice in  Charleston,  S.  C.;  was  a  member  of  the 
state  legislature;  elected  as  a  Democrat  from  Mary- 
land to  the  Third  Congress,  to  fill  vacancy 
caused  by  the  death  of  Alexander  Gillon;  reelected 
to  the  Fourth,  Fifth,  and  Sixth  Congresses  and 
served  from  February  9,  1795,  to  March  3,  1801; 
served  in  the  war  of  1812  and  attained  the  rank  of 
major  general;  moved  to  Baltimore,  Md.,  and 
practiced  his  profession;  elected  to  the  United 
States  Senate  for  term  beginning  March  4,  1815, 
and  served  from  January  29,  1816,  until  he  re- 

50346°— S.  Doc.  654,  61-2 45 


signed  in  1816;  died  in  Baltimore,  Md.,  January  15, 
1825. 

Harper,  William,  a  Senator  from  South  Caro- 
lina; born  in  the  island  of  Antigua,  January  17, 
1790;  emigrated  to  America  and  located  in  Charles- 
ton, S.  C.;  was  graduated  from  the  South  Carolina 
college  in  1808;  studied  law  and  was'admitted  to 
the  bar;  moved  to  Missouri  in  1818;  state  chancel- 
lor in  1819;  member  of  the  state  constitutional 
convention  in  1821;  returned  to  South  Carolina  in 
1823,  and  was  made  state  reporter  and  served  two 
years;  appointed  to  the  United  States  Senate  to 
fill  vacancy  caused  by  the  death  of  John  Gaillard, 
and  served  from  March  28,  1826,  to  December  7, 
1826;  member  of  the  state  house  of  representatives, 
and  served  as  speaker  in  1828;  appointed  a  judge 
of  the  court  of  appeals  in  1831;  chancellor  of  the 
state  in  1834,  which  position  he  held  until  his 
death,  near  Charleston,  S.  C.,  October  10,  1847. 

Harries,  William  Henry,  a  Representative 
from  Minnesota;  born  in  Montgomery  county, 
Ohio,  January  15,  1843;  moved  to  La  Crosse,  Wis.; 
enlisted  as  a  private  in  company  B,  second  Wis- 
consin volunteer  infantry,  April  18,  1861;  com- 
missioned captain  of  company  F,  third  United 
States  veteran  volunteers,  Gen.  Hancock's 
corps,  December  21,  1864;  honorably  discharged 
April  17,  1866;  was  graduated  from  the  law  school 
of  the  University  of  Michigan  in  1868;  located  in 
Houston  county,  Minn.,  and  was  admitted  to  the 
bar  May  6,  1868;  county  attorney  two  terms; 
elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Fifty-second  Congress 
(March  4,  1891-March  3,  1893);  collector  of  internal 
revenue  for  Minnesota  1894-1898;  secretary  of  the 
soldiers  home  board  in  1907;  commandant  of  the 
soldiers  home  in  1911. 

Harrington,  Henry  William,  a  Representative 
from  Indiana;  born  near  Cooperstown,  Otsego 
county,  N.  Y.,  September  12,  1825;  attended  the 
common  schools,  and  was  graduated  from  Temple 
Hill  academy,  Livingston  county,  N.  Y.,  in  1845; 
studied  law  in  Genesee,  and  in  1849  was  admitted 
to  the  bar  and  commenced  practice  in  Nanda, 
N.  Y.;  moved  to  Indiana  in  1856  and  practiced 
law;  moved  to  St.  Louis,  Mo.,  in  1872;  returned  to 
Indianapolis,  Ind.,  in  1874  and  resumed  the  prac- 
tice of  law;  delegate  to  the  Democratic  national 
convention  at  Charleston  in  1860;  elected  as  a 
Democrat  to  the  Thirty-eighth  Congress  (March  4, 
1863-March  3,  1865);  collector  of  internal  revenue 
in  1862;  died  in  Indianapolis,  Ind.,  March  20,  1882. 

Harris,  Benjamin  Gwinn,  a  Representative 
from  Maryland;  born  near  Leonard  town,  Md., 
December  13,  1806;  attended  Yale  college  and  the 
Cambridge  law  school;  studied  law  and  was  ad- 
mitted to  the  bar;  served  six  terms  in  the  state 
legislature;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Thirty- 
eighth  and  Thirty-ninth  Congresses  (March  4, 1863- 
March  3,  1867);  court-martialed  in  Washington, 
D.  C.,  May,  1865,  for  harboring  two  paroled  Con- 
fererate  soldiers,  and  sentenced  for  three  years, 
and  forever  disqualified  from  holding  any  office 
under  the  United  States  government;  President 
Johnson  remitted  the  sentence ;  died  in  1895. 

Harris,  Benjamin  Winslow,  a  Representative 
from  Massachusetts;  born  in  East  Bridgewater, 
Mass.,  November  10,  1823;  pursued  an  academic 
course  and  was  graduated  from  the  Dane  law 
school,  Cambridge,  in  1849;  was  admitted  to  the  bar 
in  Boston  in  April,  1850,  and  commenced  practice 
in  East  Bridgewater  in  July,  1850;  member  of  the 


706 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 


state  senate  in  1857  and  of  the  state  legislature  in 
1858 ;  district  attorney  for  the  southeastern  district  of 
Massachusetts  from  July  1,  1858,  until  June  30, 1866; 
collector  of  internal  revenue  from  June  30,  1866, 
until  March  1,  1873,  when  he  resigned;  elected  as 
a  Republican  to  the  Forty-third  and  to  the  four 
succeeding  Congresses  (March  4,  1873-March  3, 
1883);  appointed  judge  of  probate  for  the  county 
of  Plymouth  in  1887;  died  in  East  Bridgewater, 
Mass.,  February  7,  1907. 

Harris,  Charles  Murray,  a  Representative 
from  Illinois;  born  in  Munfordsville,  Hart  county, 
Ky.,  April  10,  1821;  attended  the  common  schools; 
studied  law  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar;  moved 
to  Illinois  and  located  in  Oquawka,  where  he 
began  practice;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the 
Thirty-eighth  Congress  (March  4,  1863-March  3, 
1865);  died  in  Chicago,  111.,  September  20,  1896. 

Harris,  George  Emrick,  a  Representative  from 
Mississippi;  born  in  Orange  county,  N.  C.,  January 
6,  1827;  moved  to  Tennessee  and  then  to  Missis- 
sippi; attended  the  common  schools;  studied  law; 
and  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1854;  entered  the 
Confederate  army  and  served  until  the  close  of 
the  war;  elected  district  attorney  in  1865;  reelected 
in  1866;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Forty-first 
and  Forty-second  Congresses  (March  4,  1869-March 
3, 1873) ;  attorney  general  of  the  state  of  Mississippi; 
died  in  Washington,  D.  C.,  April  30,  1911. 

Harris,  Henry  Richard,  a  Representative  from 
Georgia;  born  in  Sparta,  Ga.,  February  2,  1828; 
moved  to  Greenville,  Meriwether  county,  Ga.,  in 
1833;  attended  the  common  schools  and  was  grad- 
uated from  Emory  college  in  1847;  member  of  the 
state  constitutional  convention  of  1861;  elected  as 
a  Democrat  to  the  Forty-third,  Forty-fourth,  and 
Forty-fifth  Congresses  (March  4,  1873-March  3, 
1879);  reelected  to  the  Forty-ninth  Congress 
(March  4,  1885-March  3,  1887);  third  assistant 
postmaster  general  of  the  United  States  from  April 
1,  1887,  to  March  18,  1889;  engaged  in  agricultural 
pursuits;  died  near  Odessadale,  Meriwether  county, 
Ga.,  October  15,  1909. 

Harris,  Henry  S.,  a  Representative  from  New 
Jersey;  born  in  Belvidere,  N.  J.,  December  27, 
1850;  attended  the  common  schools  and  was  grad- 
uated from  Princeton  college  in  1870;  studied  law 
in  Belvidere,  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  June, 
1873,  and  practiced;  appointed  prosecutor  of  the 
pleas  for  Warren  county  in  March,  1877;  elected  as 
a  Democrat  to  the  Forty-seventh  Congress  (March 
4,  1881-March  3,  1883). 

Harris,  Ira,  a  Senator  from  New  York;  born  in 
Charleston,  Montgomery  county,  N.  Y.,  May  31, 
1802;  was  graduated  from  Union  college  in  1824; 
studied  law  in  Albany,  and  in  1828  was  admitted  to 
the  bar  and  began  practice  in  Albany ;  member  of  the 
state  house  of  representatives  in  1845  and  1846; 
state  senator  in  1847;  delegate  to  the  state  constitu- 
tional convention  in  1846;  justice  of  the  supreme 
court  1847-1859;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the 
United  States  Senate  and  served  from  March  4, 1861, 
to  March  3,  1867;  delegate  at  large  to  the  state  con- 
stitutional convention  in  1867;  died  in  Albany, 
N.  Y.,  December  2,  1875. 

Harris,  Isham  Green,  a  Representative  and  a 
Senator  from  Tennessee;  born  near  Tullahoma, 
Tenn.,  February  10,  1818;  attended  the  common 
schools,  and  the  academy  in  Winchendon;  moved 
with  his  father  to  Paris,  Tenn.;  studied  law,  was 


admitted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced  practice  in 
Paris,  Henry  county,  Tenn.,  in  1841;  elected  to  the 
state  legislature  as  a  Democrat  in  1847 ;  presidential 
elector  on  the  Democratic  ticket  in  1848;  elected 
as  a  Democrat  to  the  Thirty-first  and  Thirty- 
second  Congresses  (March  4,  ]849-March  3,  1853); 
moved  to  Memphis,  and  resumed  the  practice  of 
law;  presidential  elector  for  the  State  at  large 
in  1856;  elected  governor  of  Tennessee  in  1857, 
1859,  and  1861;  volunteer  aid  upon  the  staff 
of  the  commanding  general  of  the  Confederate 
army  of  Tennessee  for  the  last  three  years  of  the 
Civil  war;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  United 
States  Senate  in  1877;  reelected  in  1883,  1889,  and 
1895,  and  served  from  March  4,  1877,  until  his 
death,  in  Washington,  D.  C.,  July  8,  1897. 

Harris,  J.  Morrison,  a  Representative  from 
Maryland;  born  in  Baltimore,  Md.,  in  1821;  was 
graduated  from  Lafayette  college,  Easton,  Pa.; 
studied  law,  and  in  1843  was  admitted  to  the  bar; 
elected  as  an  American  to  the  Thirty-fourth,  Thirty- 
fifth,  and  Thirty-sixth  Congresses  (March  4,  1855- 
March  3,  1861). 

Harris,  John,  a  Representative  from  New  York; 
native  of  that  state;  sheriff  of  Onondaga  county 
1794-1796;  elected  to  the  Tenth  Congress  (March  4, 
1807-March  3,  1809). 

Harris,  John  Stafford,  a  Senator  from  Louisi- 
ana; born  in  Truxton,  Cortland  county,  N.  Y., 
December  18, 1825;  completed  preparatory  studies; 
moved  to  Milwaukee,  Wis.,  in  1846;  removed  to 
Concordia  Parish,  La.,  in  1863,  and  became  a 
planter;  elected  to  the  constitutional' convention 
of  the  state  in  1867  and  to  the  state  senate  in 
1868;  elected  United  States  Senator  as  a  Repub- 
lican, to  fill  vacancy  in  term  beginning  March  4, 
1865,  and  served  from  July  8,  1868,  to  March  3, 
1871;  died  in  Butte,  Mont.,  January  25,  1906. 

Harris,  John  Thomas,  a  Representative  from 
Virginia;  born  in  Albemarle  county,  Va.,  May  8, 
1823;  completed  academic  studies;  studied  law 
was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  began  practice  in 
Harrisonburg  in  1847;  United  States  attorney  1852- 
1859;  presidential  elector  on  the  Buchanan  ticket 
in  1856;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Thirty- 
sixth  Congress  (March  4,  1859-March  3,  1861); 
member  of  the  State  legislature  1863-1865;  judge 
of  the  twelfth  judicial  circuit  1866-1869;  elected 
as  a  Democrat  to  the  Forty-second,  Forty-third, 
Forty-fourth,  Forty-fifth,  and  Forty-sixth  Con- 
gresses (March  4,  1871-March  3,  1881);  declined  a 
unanimous  renomination ;  chairman  Virginia  Dem- 
ocratic convention  in  1884;  delegate  to  _  several 
Democratic  national  conventions;  presidential 
elector  on  the  Cleveland  ticket  in  1888;  commis- 
sioner to  the  World's  Fair  at  Chicago;  died  in 
Harrisonburg,  Va.,  October  14,  1899. 

Harris,  Mark,  a  Representative  from  Maine; 
bom  in  Ipswich,  Mass.,  January  27,  1779;  moved  to 
Portland,  Me.,  in  1800;  held  several  local  offices; 
served  in  both  branches  of  the  legislature;  elected 
to  the  Seventeenth  Congress,  to  fill  vacancy  caused 
by  the  resignation  of  Ezekiel  Whitman,  and  served 
from  December  2,  1822,  to  March  3,  1823;  died  in 
New  York  City  March  2,  1843. 

Harris,  Robert,  a  Representative  from  Penn- 
sylvania; native  of  Dauphin  county,  Pa.;  elected 
to  the  Eighteenth  and  Nineteenth  Congresses 
(March  4,  1823-March  3,  1827). 


BIOGRAPHIES. 


707 


Harris,  Sampson  Willis,  a  Representative  from 
Alabama;  born  in  Elbert  county,  Ga.,  February 
23,  1809;  was  graduated  from  the  University  of 
Georgia  in  1828;  studied  law,  and  was  admitted  to 
the  bar ;  member  of  thestate  house  of  representatives ; 
moved  to  Wetumpka,  Ala.,  in  1838;  elected  solici- 
tor of  the  eighth  circuit  in  1841;  member  of  the 
state  senate  1844-1845;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to 
to  the  Thirtieth,  and  to  the  four  succeeding  Con- 
gresses (March  4,  1847-March  3,  1857);  died  in 
Washington,  D.  C.,  April  1,  1857;  interment  in 
Athens,  Ga. 

Harris,  Stephen  Ross,  a  Representative  from 
Ohio;  born  near  Massillon,  Stark  county,  Ohio, 
May  22,  1824;  attended  common  schools,  Washing- 
ton college,  Pa.,  and  Western  Reserve  college, 
Hiram,  Ohio,  1845-1846;  studied  law,  was  ad- 
mitted to  the  bar  in  1849,  and  commenced  practice 
June  14,  1849,  in  Bucyrus,  Ohio;  deputy  United 
States  marshal;  mayor  of  Bucyrus;  elected  as  a 
Republican  to  the  Fifty-fourth  Congress  (March  4, 
1895-March  3,  1897);  died  in  Bucyrus,  Ohio, 
January  15,  1905. 

Harris ,  Thomas  K. ,  a  Representative  from  Ten- 
nessee; was  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Thir- 
teenth Congress  (March  4,  1813-March  3,  1815); 
died  from  wounds  received  in  an  ancounter  with 
Col.  Simpson,  April  18,  1816. 

Harris,  Thomas  Langrell,  a  Representative 
from  Illinois;  born  in  Norwich,  Conn.,  October  29, 
1816;  pursued  classical  studies  and  was  graduated 
from  Trinity  college,  Hartford,  in  1841 ;  studied  law, 
was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1842  and  commenced 
practice  in  Petersburg,  111.;  chosen  school  com- 
missioner for  Menard  county  in  1845;  raised  and 
commanded  a  company  and  joined  the  fourth  reg- 
iment Illinois  volunteer  infantry;  subsequently 
elected  a  major  of  the  regiment;  while  absent  and 
with  the  army  in  1846  was  elected  a  member  of  the 
state  senate;  in  the  war  with  Mexico;  presented 
with  a  sword  by  the  state  of  Illinois  for  gallantry 
at  the  battle  of  Cerro  Gordo ;  elected  as  a  Democrat 
to  the  Thirty-first  Congress  (March  4, 1849-March  3, 
1851);  unsuccessful  candidate  for  the  Thirty- 
second  and  Thirty -third  Congresses;  reelected  to 
the  Thirty-fourth  and  Thirty-fifth  Congresses 
(March  4, 1855-March  3, 1859);  died  in  Springfield, 
111.,  November  24,  1858. 

Harris,  Wiley  P.,  a  Representative  from  Missis- 
sippi; native  of  Mississippi;  located  in  Monticello; 
elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Thirty -third  Congress 
(March  4,  1853-March  3,  1855);  deputy  to  the  pro- 
visional congress  of  the  Confederate  states  at  Mont- 
gomery, Ala.,  February,  1861. 

Harris,  William  Alexander,  a  Representative 
from  Virginia;  born  near  Warrenton,  Fauquier 
county,  Va.,  August  24,  1805;  completed  an  aca- 
demic course;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar, 
and  commenced  practice  in  Luray;  member  of  the 
state  house  of  representatives;  presidential  elector 
on  the  Van  Buren  and  Johnson  ticket  in  1840; 
elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Twenty-seventh  Con- 
gress (March  4,  1841-March  3,  1843);  editor  of  the 
Spectator  and  the  Constitution  in  Washington, D.C. ; 
charg6  d'affaires  to  the  Argentine  Republic  1846- 
1851;  moved  to  Missouri  and  then  back  to  Wash- 
ington ;  editor  of  the  Washington  Union  and  printer 
to 'the  United  States  Senate  1857-1859;  died  in 
Pike  county,  Mo.,  March  28,  1864. 

Harris,  William  Alexander,  a  Representative 
and  a  Senator  from  Kansas;  born  in  Loudoun 


county,  Va.,  October  29,  1841;  attended  common 
schools  and  was  graduated  from  Columbian  college, 
Washington,  D.  C.,  in  1859,  and  from  the  Virginia 
military  institute  in  1861 ;  served  three  years  in  the 
Confederate  army  as  assistant  adjutant  general  of 
Wilcox's  brigade  and  ordnance  officer  of  D.  H. 
Hill's  and  Rodes's  divisions,  army  of  northern  Vir- 
ginia; moved  to  Kansas  in  1865  and  was  employed 
as  civil  engineer  in  the  construction  of  the  Union 
Pacific  railroad  for  three  years;  elected  as  a  Populist 
to  the  Fifty-third  Congress  (March  4,  1893-March  3, 
1895) ;  elected  to  the  state  senate  November,  1896, 
elected  as  a  Democrat  in  January,  1897,  to  the 
United  States  Senate  and  served  from  March  4 
1897,  until  March  3,  1903;  unsucessful  Democratic 
candidate  for  governor  of  Kansas  in  1906;  died  in 
Chicago,  111.,  December  20,  1909. 

Harrison,  Albert  Galliton,  a  Representative 
from  Missouri;  born  in  Mount  Sterling,  Ky.,  June 
26,  1800;  completed  preparatory  studies,  and  was 
graduated  from  Transylvania  university  in  1820; 
studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  com- 
menced practice  in  Mount  Sterling;  moved  to 
Fulton,  Mo.,  in  1827,  and  practiced;  a  visitor  to 
the  West  Point  military  academy  in  1828;  member 
of  commission  to  adjust  land  titles  growing  out  of 
Spanish  grants  1829-1835;  elected  as  a  Van  Buren 
Democrat  to  the  Twenty-fourth  and  Twenty-fifth 
Congresses  (March  4,  1835-March  3,  1839);  died  in 
Fulton,  Mo.,  September  7,  1839. 

Harrison,  Benjamin,  a  Delegate  from  Virginia; 
born  in  Berkeley,  Charles  City  county,  Va.,  April 
5, 1740;  pursued  classical  studies,  attending  William 
and  Mary  college;  member  of  the  colonial  house 
of  burgesses  in  1764;  active  in  pre-Revolutionary 
movements;  delegate  to  the  Continental  Congress 
1774;  on  June  10,  1776,  as  chairman  of  the  com- 
mittee of  the  whole  house,  he  introduced  the  reso- 
lution offered  three  days  before  by  Richard  Henry 
Lee,  declaring  the  independence  of  the  American 
colonies,  and  on  July  4,  he  reported  the  Declara- 
tion of  Independence,  of  which  he  was  one  of  the 
signers;  resigned  in  1778;  speaker  of  the  Virginia 
house  of  burgesses;  governor  of  Virginia  1782-1784; 
delegate  to  the  state  convention  for  the  ratification 
of  the  Federal  constitution;  died  in  City  Point,  Va., 
April  24,  1791. 

Harrison,  Benjamin,  a  Senator  from  Indiana; 
born  in  North  Bend,  Hamilton  county,  Ohio,  Au- 
gust 20, 1833;  was  graduated  from  Miami  university, 
Oxford,  Ohio,  in  1852;  studied  law  in  Cincinnati; 
moved  in  March,  1854,  to  Indianapolis;  engaged  in 
the  practice  of  law;  reporter  of  the  decisions  of  the 
supreme  court  of  the  state;  commissioned  second 
lieutenant  of  Indiana  volunteers  in  July,  1862; 
raised  company  A,  of  the  seventieth  Indiana  volun- 
teer infantry,  commissioned  captain,  and  on  the 
organization  of  the  regiment  commissioned  colonel; 
went  with  the  regiment  to  Kentucky  in  August, 
and  served  until  mustered  out,  in  June,  1865; 
brevetted  brigadier  general  January  23,  1865;  while 
in  the  field,  in  October,  1864,  reelected  reporter  of 
the  supreme  court,  and  served  four  years;  appointed 
member  of  the  Mississippi  river  commission  in 
1879;  elected  to  the  United  States  Senate  as  a 
Republican  to  succeed  Joseph  E.  McDonald;  took 
his  seat  March  4,  1881,  and  served  until  March  3, 
1887;  elected  President  of  the  United  States  in 
1888;  renominated  for  second  term  and  defeated  by 
Grover  Cleveland;  attorney  for  Venezuela  in  the 
boundary  dispute  between  Venezuela  and  Great 
Britain,  arbitrated  in  Paris  in  1900;  died  in  Indian- 
apolis, Ind.,  March  13,  1901. 


708 


CONGRESSIONAL   DIRECTORY. 


Harrison,  Carter  B.,  a  Representative  from 
Virginia;  native  of  Charles  City  county,  Va.;  pur- 
sued classical  studies;  elected  to  the  Third,  Fourth, 
and  Fifth  Congresses  (March  4,  1793-March  3, 
1799). 

Harrison,  Carter  Henry,  a  Representative 
from  Illinois;  born  in  Fayette  county,  Ky.,  Febru- 
ary 15,  1825;  was  graduated  from  Yale  college  in 
1845;  studied  law  and  was  graduated  from  Tanssyl- 
vania  law  school,  Lexington,  Ky.,  in  1855;  moved 
to  Chicago,  111. ;  commissioner  of  Cook  county  1871- 
1874;  elected  to  the  Forty-fourth  Congress  as  an 
Oppositionist  (Democrat);  reelected  to  the  Forty- 
fifth  Congress  (March  4,  1875-March  3,  1879); 
elected  mayor  of  Chicago  in  1879,  1881,  1883,  1885, 
and  1893;  unsuccessful  candidate  for  governor  of 
Illinois  in  1884;  assassinated  in  Chicago,  111.,  Octo- 
ber 28,  1893. 

Harrison,  Francis  Burton,  a  Representative 
from  New  York;  born  in  New  York  City,  December 
18,  1873;  was  graduated  from  the  Cutler  school, 
New  York  City;  Yale  university,  1895;  New  York 
law  school,  1897;  instructor  in  the  New  York  night 
law  school,  1897-1899;  admitted  to  the  bar,  1898; 
served  during  the  war  with  Spain  in  troop  A, 
New  York  volunteer  cavalry,  from  May  19  to  June 
20,  1898,  and  captain  and  assistant  adjutant  gen- 
eral United  States  volunteers,  from  June  20,  1898, 
to  January  31,  1899;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to 
the  Fifty-eighth  Congress  (March  4,  1903-March  3, 
1905);  reelected  to  the  Sixtieth  and  Sixty -first 
Congresses  (March  4,  1907-March  3,  1911).  Re- 
elected  to  the  Sixty-second  Congress. 

Harrison,  jr.,  George  Paul,  a  Representative 
from  Alabama;  born  near  Savannah,  Ga.,  March  19, 
1841;  attended  the  Georgia  military  institute;  en- 
tered the  Confederate  army  as  second  lieuten- 
ant of  the  first  Georgia  regulars,  and  successively 
promoted  to  first  lieutenant,  major,  colonel,  and 
brigadier  general;  moved  to  Alabama  in  1865; 
studied  law,  and  licensed  to  practice;  member  of 
the  constitutional  convention  of  Alabama  in  1875; 
elected  state  senator  in  1876  and  reelected  in  1880; 
president  of  the  state  senate  1882-1884;  delegate  to 
the  Democratic  national  convention  in  Chicago  in 
1892;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Fifty-third  Con- 
gress, November  6, 1894,  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by 
the  resignation  of  William  C.  Gates;  reelected  to 
Fifty-fourth  Congress  and  served  from  December 
3,  1894,  to  March  3,  1897;  resumed  the  practice  of 
law  in  Opelika,  Ala.;  delegate  to  the  state  consti- 
tutional convention  in  1901; 

Harrison,  Horace  Harrison,  a  Representative 
from  Tennessee;  born  in  Lebanon,  Wilson  county, 
Tenn.,  August  7,  1829;  completed  preparatory 
studies;  moved  with  his  parents  to  McMinnville 
in  1841;  clerk  of  the  county  court;  master  of  the 
chancery  court;  register  or  deeds;  studied  law, 
was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1857,  and  commenced 
practice  in  Nashville  in  1857;  United  States  dis- 
trict attorney,  1863-1866;  chancellor  in  the  Nash- 
ville division;  judge  of  the  state  supreme  court, 
1867-1868;  presidential  elector  on  the  Republican 
ticket  in  1868;  again  United  States  district  attor- 
ney, 1872-1873;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the 
Forty-third  Congress  (March  4, 1873-March  3, 1875); 
resumed  the  practice  of  law  in  Nashville,  Tenn.; 
delegate  to  the  Republican  national  convention  in 
1880;  member  of  the  state  legislature,  1880-1881; 
presidential  elector  in  1885;  died  in  Nashville, 
Tenn.,  December  20,  1885. 


Harrison,  John  Scott,  a  Representative  from 
Ohio;  born  in  Vincennes,  Ind.,  October  4,  1804; 
completed  preparatory  studies;  studied  medicine, 
but  abandoned  the  profession;  elected  as  a  Whig 
to  the  Thirty-third  and  Thirty-fourth  Congresses 
(March  4, 1853-March  3, 1857);  died  in  North  Bend, 
Ohio,  May  25,  1878. 

Harrison,  Richard  Almgill,  a  Representative 
from  Ohio;  born  in  Thirsk,  Yorkshire  county, 
England,  April  8,  1824;  emigrated  to  America  in 
1836,  settling  in  Ohio,  attended  public  schools, 
and  was  graduated  from  the  Cincinnati  law  school 
in  1846  and  commenced  practice  in  London,  Ohio; 
member  of  the  state  house  of  representatives  in 
1857;  served  as  a  state  senator  in  1859;  elected  as  a 
Union  Democrat  to  the  Thirty-seventh  Congress, 
to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  the  resignation  of  Thomas 
Corwin,  and  served  from  July  4,  1861,  until  his 
death  in  Columbus,  Ohio,  July  30,  1904. 

Harrison,  Samuel  S.,  a  Representative  from 
Pennsylvania;  native  of  Maryland;  moved  to 
Kittanning,  Pa.;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the 
Twenty-third  and  Twenty-fourth  Congresses 
(March  4,  1833-March  3,  1837). 

Harrison,  William,  a  Delegate  from  Maryland; 
native  of  that  state;  Delegate  to  the  Continental 
Congress  1785-1787. 

Harrison,  William  Henry,  a  Representative 
and  a  Senator  from  Ohio;  born  in  Berkeley,  Charles 
City  county,  Va.,  February  9,  1773;  pursued  clas- 
sical studies;  attended  Hampden-Sydney  college; 
studied  medicine;  commissioned  by  President 
Washington  ensign  in  the  first  infantry,  August  16, 
1791,  and  served  in  Indian  wars;  in  May,  1797,  was 
made  captain  and  given  command  of  Fort  Wash- 
ington; resigned  June  1,  1798,  with  the  rank  of 
captain;  appointed  secretary  of  the  Northwest 
territory,  and  elected  its  Delegate  to  the  Sixth 
Congress,  and  served  from  March  4,  1799,  until 
March,  1800,  when  he  resigned ;  territorial  governor 
of  Indiana  1801-1813,  and  also  Indian  agent;  de- 
feated the  British  and  Indians  at  Tippecanoe  No- 
vember 7,  1811;  major  general  of  volunteers  in  the 
war  of  1812;  resigned  in  1814;  head  commissioner 
to  treat  with  the  Indians;  elected  as  a  Whig  to  the 
Fourteenth  Congress,  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  the 
resignation  of  John  McLean;  reelected  to  the  Fif- 
teenth Congress,  and  served  from  December  2, 
1816,  to  March  3,  1819;  member  of  the  state  senate 
1819-1821;  elected  to  the  United  States  Senate  and 
served  from  March  4,  1825,  until  May  20,  1828, 
when  he  resigned;  minister  to  Colombia,  May  24, 
1828,  to  September  26,  1829;  President  of  the 
United  States,  March  4,  1841,  until  his  death,  in 
Washington,  D.  C.,  April  4,  1841;  his  remains  rest 
in  a  tomb  at  North  Bend,  Ohio. 

Hart,  Alphonso,  a  Representative  from  Ohio; 
born  in  Vienna,  Trumbull  county,  Ohio,  July  4, 
1830;  attended  the  common  schools  and  Grand 
River  institute,  Austinburg,  Ohio;  studied  law  in 
Warren,  Ohio;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  August  12, 
1851,  and  began  practice  in  Ravenna,  Ohio;  pros- 
ecuting attorney  for  Portage  county,  1861  to  1864, 
when  he  resigned;  elected  to  the  Ohio  senate  and 
reelected  in  1871;  Grant  presidential  elector  at 
large  in  1872;  lieutenant  governor  of  Ohio,  1873- 
1875;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Forty -eighth 
Congress  (March  4,  1883-March  3,  1885);  served  as 
solicitor  of  internal  revenue,  Treasury  Department, 
1888-1892;  resumed  the  practice  of  law  in  Wash- 
ington, D.  C.,  and  died  there  December  23,  1910. 


BIOGRAPHIES. 


709 


Hart,  Elizur  Kirke,  a  Representative  from 
New  York;  born  in  Albion,  N.  Y.,  April  8,  1841; 
attended  the  Albion  academy;  engaged  in  bank- 
ing; member  of  the  state  house  of  representatives 
in  1872;  elected  to  the  Forty-fifth  Congress  (March 
4,1877-March  3,  1879);  died  in  Albion,  N.Y.,  Feb- 
ruary  18,  1893. 

Hart,  Emanuel  Bernard,  a  Representative 
from  New  York;  born  in  New  York  City,  October 
27, 1809;  attended  the  public  schools  and  prepared 
for  college;  engaged  in  mercantile  pursuits;  active 
in  the  militia;  city  alderman;  elected  as  a  Democrat 
to  the  Thirty-second  Congress  (March  4,  1851- 
March  3, 1853);  appointed  by  President  Buchanan 
surveyor  of  the  port  of  New  York  and  served  from 
1857  to  1861;  commissioner  of  emigration;  member 
of  the  city  board  of  assessors,  and  alderman;  excise 
commissioner;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1868, 
and  practiced;  presidential  elector  in  1868;  com- 
missioner of  emigration,  1870-1873;  died  in  New 
York  City  August  29,  1897. 

Hart,  John,  a  Delegate  from  New  Jersey;  born 
in  Hopewell  township,  Mercer  county,  N.  J.,  Feb- 
ruary 4, 1714;  attended  the  public  schools;  engaged 
in  agricultural  pursuits;  elected  to  the  provincial 
assembly  of  New  Jersey  in  1761  and  1768;  elected 
to  the  provincial  congress  in  1775  and  served  as 
vice  president  in  1776;  served  in  the  Continental 
Congress,  1776-1777;  was  elected,  with  four  others, 
to  fill  vacancies  caused  by  the  resignations  of  the 
New  Jersey  delegates,,  who  were  unwilling  to  as- 
sume the  responsibilities  imposed  by  the  resolu- 
tion of  Richard  Henry  Lee,  declaring  the  inde- 
pendence of  the  colonies,  and  served  1776-1777; 
signed  the  Declaration  of  Independence;  chairman 
of  the  New  Jersey  council  of  safety  in  1777-1778; 
when  the  British  troops  invaded  New  Jersey,  his 
estate  was  devastated,  and  he  was  forced  to  the 
forests  to  save  his  life;  returned  to  his  home  after 
the  capture  of  the  Hessians  by  Gen.  Washington; 
elected  to  the  first  assembly  of  New  Jersey  under 
the  state  constitution  in  August,  1776,  and  re- 
elected  in  1777  and  1778;  died  upon  his  estate  in 
Hopewell  township,  N.  J.,  May  11,  1779. 

Hart,  Joseph  Johnson,  a  Representative  from 
Pennsylvania;  born  in  Nyack,  Rockland  county, 
N.  Y.,  April  18,  1859;  attended  the  schools  of 
Nyack,  and  was  graduated  from  the  Charlier  insti- 
tute, New  York  City,  in  1876;  conducted  and 
owned  City  and  Country,  a  Democratic  newspaper 
of  Nyack,  until  1883,  when  he  moved  to  Pike 
county,  Pa. ;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Fifty- 
fourth  Congress  (March  4,  1895-March  3,  1897); 
clerk  in  hall  of  records,  New  York  City. 

Hart,  Roswell,  a  Representative  from  New 
York;  born  in  Rochester,  N.  Y.,  August  4,  1824; 
completed  preparatory  studies  and  was  graduated 
from  Yale  college  in  1843 ;  studied  law,  and  in  1847 
was  admitted  to  the  bar;  engaged  in  commercial 
pursuits;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Thirty- 
ninth  Congress  (March  4,  1865-March  3,  1867); 
defeated  for  reelection ;  appointed  as  superintend- 
ent of  the  railway  mail  service  for  the  states  of 
New  York  and  Pennsylvania;  died  in  Rochester, 
N.  Y.,  April  20,  1883. 

Harter,  Michael  Daniel,  a  Representative  from 
Ohio;  born  in  Canton,  Ohio,  April  6,  1846;  lived 
at  Mansfield,  Ohio;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the 
Fifty-second  and  Fifty-third  Congresses  (March  4, 
1891-March  3,  1895);  died  in  Fostoria,  Ohio,  Feb- 
ruary 22,  1896. 


Hartley,  Thomas,  a  Representative  from  Penn- 
sylvania; born  in  Reading,  Pa.,  September  7, 1748; 
completed  preparatory  studies;  studied  law,  was 
admitted  to  the  bar,  and  began  practice  in  York, 
Pa. ;  served  in  the  Revolutionary  war  as  lieutenant 
colonel  of  Irvine's  regiment,  and  as  colonel  of  the 
sixth  Pennsylvania  in  1776;  commanded  an  expe- 
dition against  the  Indians  in  1778;  served  in  the 
state  legislature;  elected  to  the  First,  Second, 
Third,  Fourth,  Fifth,  and  Sixth  Congresses  and 
served  from  March  4,  1789,  until  his  death,  in 
York,  Pa.,  December  21,  1800. 

Hartman,  Charles  S.,  a  Representative  from 
Montana;  born  in  Monticello,  Ind.,  March  1,  1861; 
read  law;  moved  to  Montana  in  January,  1882; 
was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1884  and  practiced; 
in  November,  1884,  elected  probate  judge  of  Gal- 
latin  county,  and  served  two  years;  member  of  the 
state  constitutional  convention  in  1889;  elected  as 
a  Republican  to  the  Fifty-third  and  Fifty-fourth 
Congresses;  reelected  as  a  Silver  Republican  to 
the  Fifty-fifth  Congress  (March  4,  1893-March  3, 
1899). 

Hartridge,  Julian,  a  Representative  from 
Georgia,  born  in  Savannah,  Ga.,  September  9, 
1829;  pursued  classical  studies  in  Chatham  acad- 
emy and  the  Montpelier  institute,  and  was  grad- 
uated from  Brown  university  in  1849;  studied  law, 
was  admitted  to  the  bar;  and  began  practice  in 
Savannah,  Ga.;  served  in  the  state  legislature; 
delegate  in  the  Democratic  national  convention  in 
Charleston  in  1860;  served  one  year  in  the  Confed- 
erate army  as  a  lieutenant  in  the  Chatham  artil- 
lery; member  of  the  Confederate  congress;  delegate 
in  the  Democratic  national  conventions  of  1872  and 
1876;  presidential  elector;  elected  to  the  Forty- 
fourth  and  Forty-fifth  Congresses,  and  served  from 
March  4, 1875,  until  his  death  in  Washington,  D.  C., 
January  8,  1879. 

Hartzell,  William,  a  Representative  from  Illi- 
nois; born  in  Canton,  Stark  county,  Ohio,  Feb- 
ruary 20,  1837;  moved  with  his  parents  to  Illinois 
in  1840;  removed  to  the  republic  of  Mexico  in 
1844,  where  he  remained  until  1853,  when  he  re- 
turned to  Randolph  county,  111.;  received  a  lim- 
ited schooling;  was  graduated  from  McKendree 
college  in  1859;  settled  in  Chester,  Randolph 
county,  111.;  studied  law,  and  in  1864  was  ad- 
mitted to  the  bar;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the 
Forty -fourth  and  Forty-fifth  Congresses  (March  4, 
1875-March  3,  1879);  elected  as  a  judge  of  the  third 
judicial  circuit  in  1897;  died  August  14,  1903. 

Harvey,  David  A.,  a  Delegate  from  Oklahoma 
Territory;  born  in  Stewiack,  province  of  Nova 
Scotia,  March  20,  1845;  went  with  his  parents  to 
Clermont  county,  Ohio,  in  1852;  enlisted  Septem- 
ber, 1861,  in  company  B,  fourth  Ohio  cavalry,  and 
served  throughout  the  war;  after  the  war  attended 
Miami  university,  at  Oxford,  Ohio;  studied  law,  was 
admitted  to  the  bar  in  September,  1868;  moved  to 
Topeka,  Kans.,  in  1869,  where  he  served  four  years 
as  city  attorney  and  six  years  as  probate  judge; 
elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Fifty-first  andFifty- 
second  Congresses  (March  4,  1889-March  3,  1893). 

Harvey,  James  Madison,  a  Senator  from  Kan- 
sas; born  in  Monroe  county,  Va.  (now  West  Vir- 
ginia), September  21,  1833;  completed  preparatory 
studies;  moved  to  Kansas  in  1859,  and  engaged  in 
farming;  served  with  the  Union  army  as  captain 
in  the  fourth  and  tenth  regiments  of  Kansas  infan- 
try, 1861-1864;  member  of  the  state  house  of  repre- 


710 


CONGRESSIONAL   DIRECTORY. 


sentatives  1865-1866,  and  of  the  state  senate  1867- 
1868;  governor  of  Kansas  1869-1870,  1870-1871; 
elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  United  States  Sen- 
ate, to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  the  resignation  of 
Alexander  Oaldwell,  and  served  from  February  12, 
1874,  to  March  3,  1877. 

Harvey,  Jonathan,  a  Representative  from  New 
Hampshire;  born  in  Sutton,  Merrimack  county, 
N.  H.,  February  25,  1780;  attended  the  public 
schools;  served  several  years  in  both  branches  of 
the  legislature;  president  of  the  senate,  1817-1823; 
member  of  the  executive  council,  1823-1825; 
elected  to  the  Nineteenth,  Twentieth,  and  Twenty- 
first  Congresses  (March  4, 1825-March  3, 1831) ;  died 
i  in  Sutton,  N.  H.,  August  23,  1859. 

r- 
Harvey,  Matthew,  a  Representative  from  New 
Hampshire;  born  in  Sutton,  N.  H.,  June  21,  1781; 
was  graduated  from  Dartmouth  college  in  1806; 
studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  began 
practice  in  Hopkinton,  N.  H.,  in  1809;  served  seven 
terms  in  the  lower  branch  of  the  legislature  and  its 
speaker  three  terms;  elected  to  the  Seventeenth 
and  Eighteenth  Congresses  (March  4,  1821-March 
3,  1825);  state  senator  in  1825,  1826,  and  1827; 
served  as  president  of  the  senate;  governor  of  New 
Hampshire  in  1830-1831;  appointed  by  President 
Jackson  judge  of  the  United  States  district  court 
for  New  Hampshire  in  1831;  died  in  Concord, 
N.  H.,  April  7,  1866. 

Harvie,  John,  a  Delegate  from  Virginia;  born 
in  Gargunnpck,  Scotland;  emigrated  to  Virginia 
and  settled  in  Albemarle  county;  studied  law,  was 
admitted  to  the  bar,  and  practiced  for  several  years ; 
in  1774  appointed  commissioner  to  treat  with  the 
western  Indians;  member  of  the  Virginia  conven- 
tions of  1775  and  1776;  a  Delegate  to  the  Continental 
Congress  1 777-1778 ;  purchasing  agent  for  the  state, 
with  provisional  rank  of  colonel;  register  of  the 
land  office,  1780-1791;  secretary  of  the  common- 
wealth, May  19,  1788;  died  in  Richmond,  Va., 
February  6,  1807. 

Hasbrouck,  Abraham,  a  Representative  from 
New  York;  native  of  New  York;  served  in  the 
state  legislature,  1781,  1782,  and  1810;  elected  as  a 
Democrat  to  the  Thirteenth  Congress  (March  4, 
1813-March  3,  1815) ;  again  a  member  of  the  state 
senate  in  1822. 

Hasbrouck,  Abraham  Bruyn,  a  Representa- 
tive from  New  York;  born  in  Kingston,  N.  Y., 
November  29,  1791;  attended  Kingston  academy, 
and  was  graduated  from  Yale  college  in  1810; 
studied  law  in  Hudson,  N.  Y.,  and  Litchfield, 
Conn.,  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1813  and 
commenced  practice  in  Kingston,  N.  Y.,  in  1814; 
elected  to  the  Nineteenth  Congress  (March  4,  1825- 
March  3,  1827);  moved  to  New  Jersey;  president 
of  Rutgers  college,  1840-1850;  removed  to  Kingston 
in  1850;  died  in  Kingston,  N.  Y.,  February  24, 
1879. 

Hasbrouck,  Josiah,  a  Representative  from  New 
York;  native  of  Ulster  county,  N.  Y.;  completed 
preparatory  studies;  member  of  the  state  house  of 
representatives  1796,  1797,  1802,  and  1806;  elected 
to  the  Eighth  and  Fifteenth  Congresses  (March  4, 
1803-March  3,  1805;  March  4, 1817-March  3,  1819). 

Hascall,  Augustus  P.,  a  Representative  from 
New  York;  born  in  Hillsdale,  Mass.,  June  24,  1800; 
located  in  Le  Roy,  N.  Y.;  presidential  elector  in 
1848;  elected  as  a  Whig  to  the  Thirty -second  Con- 


gress (March  3, 1851-March  3, 1853) ;  died  in  Le  Roy, 
N.  Y.,  June  27,  1872. 

Haskell,  Dudley  Chase,  a  Representative  from 
Kansas;  born  in  Springfield,  Vt.,  March  23,  1842; 
pursued  classical  studies  in  Easthampton,  Mass., 
and  took  a  special  course  in  Yale  college;  engaged 
in  mercantile  pursuits;  moved  to  Kansas  in  1855; 
member  of  the  state  house  of  representatives  in 
1872,  1875,  and  1876;  served  the  last  term  as 
speaker;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Forty-fifth, 
Forty-sixth,  Forty-seventh,  and  Forty-eighth  Con- 
gresses and  served  from  March  4,  1877,  until  his 
death  in  Washington,  D.  C.,  December  16,  1883; 
interment  in  Lawrence,  Kans. 

Haskell,  William  T.,  a  Representative  .from 
Tennessee;  born  in  Tennessee;  pursued  a  prepara- 
tory course;  studied  law  and  was  admitted  to  the 
bar;  served  as  colonel  in  the  Mexican  war;  elected 
as  a  Whig  to  the  Thirtieth  Congress  (March  4,  1847- 
March  3,  1849);  resumed  practice  of  law;  died  in 
Hopkinsville,  Ky.,  March  20,  1859. 

Haskin,  John  Bussing,  a  Representative  from 
New  York;  born  in  Fordham,  N.  Y.,  August  7, 1821; 
completed  preparatory  studies;  studied  law,  was  ad- 
mitted to  the  bar,  and  began  practice  in  New  York 
City  in  1845;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Thirty- 
fifth  and  Thirty-sixth  Congresses  (March  4,  1857- 
March  3,  1861);  died  in  Friends  Lake,  N.  Y.,  Sep- 
tember 8,  1895. 

Haskins,  Kittredge,  a  Representative  from 
Vermont;  born  in  Dover,  Vt.,  April  8,  1836;  at- 
tended the  public  schools  and  received  instruction 
from  a  private  tutor;  read  law  and  admitted  to  the 
bar;  state  attorney  1870-1872;  United  States  at- 
torney from  October,  1880,  to  June,  1887;  served 
as  first  lieutenant  of  company  I,  sixteenth  regiment 
Vermont  volunteers,  in  the  Union  army;  appointed 
colonel  and  chief  of  staff  to  Gov.  Peter  T.  Wash- 
burn  in  1869;  member  of  the  Republican  state 
committee  1869-1872;  member  of  the  legislature 
1872-1874,  and  again  1896-1900;  speaker  of  the 
house  1898-1900;  state  senator  1892-1894;  chairman 
of  the  Vermont  board  of  commissioners  to  establish 
the  boundary  line  between  that  State  and  Massa- 
chusetts 1892-1900;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the 
Fifty-seventh,  Fifty-eighth,  Fifty-ninth,  and  Six- 
tieth Congresses  (March  4,  1901-March  3,  1909); 
judge  of  the  municipal  court  in  Brattleboro,  Vt. ; 
postmaster  of  Brattleboro  in  1912. 

Hastings,  George,  a  Representative  from  New 
York;  born  in  Clinton,  Oneida  county,  N.  Y., 
March  13,  1807;  was  graduated  from  Hamilton  col- 
lege in  1826;  studied  law,  and  in  1830  was  admitted 
to  the  bar;  moved  to  Mount  Morris,  Livingston 
county;  district  attorney  1839-1848;  elected  as  a 
Democrat  to  the  Thirty-third  Congress  (March  4, 
1853-March  3,1855);  elected  judge  of  the  county 
court  of  Livingston  county  and  served  from  No- 
vember, 1855,  until  his  death,  in  Mount  Morris, 
N.  Y.,  August  29,  1866. 

Hastings,  John,  a  Representative  from  Ohio; 
elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Twenty-sixth  and 
Twenty-seventh  Congresses  (March  4,  1839-March 
3,  1843);  died  in  Columbus,  Ohio,  December 
29,  1854. 

Hastings,  Serranus  Clinton,  a  Representative 
from  Iowa;  bora  in  New  York  November  14,  1814; 
completed  a  preparatory  course;  studied  law,  was 
admitted  to  the  bar,  and  began  practice  in  Iowa; 


BIOGRAPHIES. 


711 


member  of  the  state  legislature  several  terms,  and 
president  of  the  territorial  council  through  one 
session;  elected  to  the  Twenty-ninth  Congress 
(March  4,  1845-March  3,  1847);  in  1848  chief  justice 
of  the  supreme  court  of  Iowa;  moved  to  California 
and  resumed  the  practice  of  law;  chief  justice  of  the 
supreme  court  of  California  for  two  years;  attorney- 
general  of  the  state;  founded  and  endowed  the 
Hastings  college  of  law  in  the  University  of  Cali- 
fornia. 

Hastings,  Seth,  a  Representative  from  Massa- 
chusetts; born  in  Cambridge,  Mass.,  April  8,  1762; 
was  graduated  from  Harvard  college  in  1782;  stud- 
ied law  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar;  settled  in 
Mendon,  Mass.;  elected  town  treasurer  1794  and 
1795;  elected  one  of  the  first  school  commissioners 
in  1796;  elected  to  the  Seventh,  Eighth,  and  Ninth 
Congresses  (March  4,  1801-March  3,  1807);  mem- 
ber of  the  state  senate  1810  and  1814;  died  in 
Mendon,  Mass.,  November  10,  1831. 

Hastings,  William  Soden,  a  Representative 
from  Massachusetts;  born  in  Mendon,  Mass.,  June  3, 
1798;  pursued  preparatory  studies;  completed  pre- 
paratory studies;  was  graduated  from  Harvard  col- 
lege in  1817;  member  of  the  state  house  of  repre- 
sentatives in  1828;  elected  to  the  Twenty-fifth, 
Twenty-sixth,  and  Twenty-seventh  Congresses, 
and  served  from  September  4,  1837,  until  his 
death,  in  White  Sulphur  Springs,  Va.,June  17, 
1842. 

Hatch,  Herschel  Harrison,  a  Representative 
from  Michigan;  borninMorrisville,  Madison  county, 
N.  Y.,  February  17,  1837;  attended  the  common 
schools;  studied  law  at  Hamilton  college  law 
school,  New  York,  was  admitted  to  the  bar, 
and  practiced;  elected  alderman  of  Bay  City 
at  its  first  organization  in  1865;  elected  judge 
of  probate  of  Bay  county  in  1868  for  a  term  of  four 
years;  member  of  the  constitutional  commission  of 
Michigan  in  1873;  member  of  the  tax  commission 
in  1881;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Forty-eighth 
Congress  (March  4,  1883-March  3,  1885);  resumed 
the  practice  of  law  in  Detroit,  Mich. 

Hatch,  Israel  Thompson,  a  Representative 
from  New  York;  born  in  Owasco,  N.  Y.,  in  1808; 
pursued  preparatory  studies;  was  graduated  from 
Union  college  in  1829,  admitted  to  the  bar,  and 
practiced  in  Buffalo;  assistant  secretary  of  state  in 
1830;  surrogate  of  Erie  county  1833-1836;  member 
of  the  state  house  of  representatives  in  1852;  grain 
merchant;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Thirty- 
fifth  Congress  (March  4,  1857-March  3,  1859);  post- 
master of  Buffalo,  N.  Y.,  1859-1861;  member  of  the 
state  constitutional  convention  of  1867-1868;  died 
in  Buffalo,  N.  Y.,  September  24,  1875. 

Hatch,  Jethro  Ayers,  a  Representative  from 
Indiana;  born  June  18,  1837,  in  Chenango  county, 
N.  Y.;  settled  in  Sugar  Grove,  Kane  county,  111.; 
attended  the  common  schools  and  Batavia  (111.) 
institute;  was  graduated  from  Rush  medical  college 
in  February,  1860;  commenced  practice  in  Kent- 
land,  Ind.,  July,  1860;  commissioned  assistant  sur- 
geon of  the  thirty-sixth  Illinois  volunteer  infantry 
December  11,  1862,  and  promoted  to  surgeon  of  the 
same  regiment;  mustered  out  of  service  February  8, 
1865,  and  returned  to  Kentlandj  member  of  the 
Indiana  house  of  representatives  in  1872  and  1873; 
alternate  delegate  to  the  Republican  national  con- 
vention in  1888;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the 
Fifty-fourth  Congress  (March  4,  1895-March  3, 
1897);  returned  to  Kentland,  Ind-.,  and  resumed 


the  practice  of  medicine;  moved  to  Victoria,  Tex., 
and  is  engaged  in  the  real  estate  business. 

Hatch,  William  Henry,  a  Representative  from 
Missouri;  born  in  Scott  county,  Ky.,  September  11, 
1833;  attended  the  schools  of  Lexington,  Ky.;  was 
admitted  to  the  bar  in  September,  1854,  and  prac- 
ticed; elected  circuit  attorney  in  October,  1858, 
and  in  November,  1860;  served  in  the  Confed- 
erate army;  commissioned  captain  and  assistant 
adjutant  general  December,  1862,  and  in  March, 
1863,  assigned  to  duty  as  assistant  commissioner  of 
exchange  under  the  cartel,  and  continued  in  this 
position  until  the  close  of  the  war;  elected  as  a 
Democrat  to  the  Forty -sixth,  and  to  the  seven  suc- 
ceeding Congresses  (March  4,  1879-March  3,  1895); 
died  near  Hannibal,  Marion  county,  Mo.,  Decem- 
ber 23,  1896. 

Hatcher,  Robert  Anthony,  a  Representative 
from  Missouri;  born  in  Buckingham  county,  Va., 
February  24,  1819;  attended  the  schools  of  Lynch- 
burg,  Va. ;  studied  law,  and  admitted  to  the  bar  in 
Kentucky;  commenced  practice  in  New  Madrid, 
Mo.,  in  1847;  for  several  years  circuit  attorney; 
state  legislator  in  1850  and  1851;  member  of  the 
state  convention  in  1862;  member  of  the  Confed- 
erate congress  1864-1865;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to 
the  Forty-third,  Forty-fourth,  and  Forty-fifth  Con- 
gresses (March  4,  1873-March  3,  1879);  died  in 
Charleston,  Mo.,  December  2,  1886. 

Hathaway,  Samuel  Gilbert,  a  Representative 
from  New  Y»ork;  born  in  Freetown,  Mass.,  July  18, 
1780;  attended  the  public  schools;  went  to  sea; 
settled  in  Solon,  N.  Y.,  in  1808;  member  of  the 
state  assembly  in  1814  and  1818;  state  senator  in 
1823;  major  general  in  New  York  militia  1823- 
1858;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Twenty-third 
Congress  (March  4,  1833-March  3,  1835);  presiden- 
tial elector  in  1852;  attended  the  Democratic 
national  convention  in  Charleston,  S.  C.;  died  in 
Solon,  N.  Y.,  May  2,  1867. 

Hathorn,  Henry  Harrison,  a  Representative 
from  New  York;  born  in  Greenfield,  N.  Y.,  Novem- 
ber 28, 1813;  attended  the  common  schools,  and  was 
graduated  from  the  public  schools  of  Greenfield; 
merchant  in  Saratoga  Springs  1839-1849;  super- 
visor for  Saratoga  Springs;  sheriff  of  Saratoga 
county  1853-1856  and  1862-1865;  elected  as  a 
Republican  to  the  Forty-third  and  Forty-fourth 
Congresses  (March  4,  1873-March  3,  1877);  died  in 
Saratoga  Springs,  N.  Y.,  February  20,  1887. 

Hathorn,  John,  a  Representative  from  New 
York;  born  in  Wilmington,  Del.,  January  9,  1749; 
completed  preparatory  studies;  surveyor  by  pro- 
fession and  a  school  teacher;  captain,  colonel,  brig- 
adier, and  major  general;  member  of  the  state  house 
of  representatives  in  1778,  1780,  1782-1785,  1795, 
and  1805,  and  served  as  speaker  in  1783  and  1784; 
served  in  the  state  senate  1786-4790  and  1799-1803; 
member  of  the  council  of  appointment  in  1787  and 
1789;  elected  to  the  Continental  Congress  in  De- 
cember, 1788,  but  no  further  sessions  were  held; 
elected  as  a  Federalist  to  the  First  Congress  (March 
4,  1789-March  3,  1791);  reelected  to  the  Fourth 
Congress  (March  4,  1795-March  3,  1797);  died  in 
in  Warwick,  N.  Y.,  February  19,  1825. 

Hatton,  Robert  Hopkins,  a  Representative 
from  Tennessee;  born  in  Steubenville,  Ohio,  No- 
vember 2,  1826;  pursued  classical  studies  and  was 
graduated  from  Harvard  college  and  from  the  law 
department  of  Cumberland  university,  Lebanon, 


712 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 


Tenn.,  in  1850;  studied  law,  admitted  to  the  bar 
in  1849,  and  commenced  practice  in  Lebanon, 
Tenn.;  state  representative  in  1856;  unsuccessful 
candidate  for  governor  in  1858 ;  elected  as  a  National 
American  to  the  Thirty-sixth  Congress  (March  4, 
1859-March  3,  1861);  colonel  of  the  seventh  Ten- 
nessee volunteer  infantry  in  May,  1862;  made 
brigadier  general  in  the  Confederate  army  May  23, 
1862,  assigned  to  the  command  of  the  fifth  brigade, 
first  corps,  army  of  Virginia;  killed  in  action  at 
Edwards  Farm,  May  31,  1862. 

Haugen,  Gilbert  N.,  a  Representative  from 
Iowa;  born  in  Rock  county,  Wis.;  April  21,  1859, 
attended  the  public  schools;  engaged  in  various 
enterprises,  principally  real  estate  and  banking; 
treasurer  of  Worth  county,  Iowa,  for  six  years; 
elected  to  the  state  legislature  and  served  in  the 
twenty-fifth  and  twenty-sixth  general  assemblies; 
elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Fifty-sixth  and  to  the 
five  succeeding  Congresses  (March  4,  1899-March 
3,  1911.  Reelected  to  the  Sixty-second  Congress. 

Haugen,  Nils  P.,  a  Representative  from  Wis- 
consin; born  in  Norway,  March  9,  1849;  was  gradu- 
ated from  the  law  department  of  the  Michigan  state 
university  in  class  of  1874;  located  in  Wisconsin  in 
1854;  member  of  the  assembly  in  1879  and  1880; 
state  railroad  commissioner  1882-1887;  elected  as  a 
Republican  to  the  Fiftieth,  Fifty-first,  Fifty-sec- 
ond, and  Fifty-third  Congresses  (March  4,  1887- 
March  3,  1895). 

Haughey,  Thomas,  a  Representative  from 
Alabama;  born  in  Glasgow,  Scotland,  in  1826;  loca- 
ted in  Alabama  in  1840;  pursued  classical  studies; 
studied  medicine  and  was  graduated  from  the  New 
Orleans  medical  college  in  1858;  surgeon  in  United 
States  army  1862-1865;  delegate  to  the  Alabama 
constitutional  convention  of  1867;  elected  to  the 
Fortieth  Congress;  took  his  seat  July  21,  1868, and 
served  until  March  3,  1869. 

Haun,  Henry  P.,  a  Senator  from  California;  born 
in  Scott  county,  Ky.,  January  18,  1815;  completed 
an  academic  course;  studied  law  in  Lexington, 
Ky.;  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1839;  elected  county 
attorney;  moved  to  Iowa  in  1845;  delegate  to  the 
state  constitutional  convention  in  1846;  removed 
to  Yuba  county,  Oaf. ,  in  1849 ;  county  judge  in  1851 ; 
appointed  United  States  Senator  from  California 
as  a  Democrat,  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  the  death 
of  David  C.  Broderick,  and  served  from  December 
5,  1857,  to  March  5,  1860;  died  in  Maysville.  Gal., 
May  6,  1860. 

Haven,  Nathaniel  Appleton,  a  Representa- 
tive from  New  Hampshire;  born  in  Portsmouth, 
N.  H.,  July  19,  1762;  pursued  classical  studies  and 
was  graduated  from  Harvard  college  in  1779; 
elected  as  a  Federalist  to  the  Eleventh  Congress 
(March  4,  1809-March  3,  1811);  died  in  Portsmouth, 
N.  H.,  March  13,  1831. 

Haven,  Solomon  George,  a  Representative 
from  New  York;  born  in  Chenango  county,  N.  Y., 
November  27,  1810;  attended  the  common  schools 
and  instructed  by  private  tutor  in  the  classics; 
pursued  a  course  in  medicine ;  studied  law ;  moved 
to  Buffalo  in  1835;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  the  same 
year  and  practiced;  commissioner  of  deeds,  dis- 
trict attorney  of  Erie  county  1844-1846;  mayor  of 
Buffalo,  N.  Y.,  1846-1847;  elected  as  a  Whig  to 
the  Thirty-second,  Thirty-third,  and  Thirty-fourth 
Congresses  (March  4,  1851-March  3,  1857);  died  in 
Buffalo,  N.  Y.,  December  24,  1861. 


Havens,  Harrison  E.,  a  Representative  from 
Missouri;  born  in  Franklin  county,  Ohio,  December 
15,  1837;  attended  the  common  schools;  studied 
and  practiced  law  in  Illinois;  moved  to  Iowa  and 
then  to  Springfield,  Mo.,  in  1867,  becoming  editor 
of  the  Springfield  Patriot;  elected  as  a  Regular 
Republican  to  the  Forty-second  and  Forty-third 
Congresses  (March  4,  1871-March  3,  1875). 

Havens,  James  Smith,  a  Representative  from 
New  York;  born  in  Weedsport,  Cayuga  county, 
N.  Y.,  May  28,  1859;  attended  public  schools  and 
Monroe  collegiate  institute  in  Elbridge,  N.  Y., 
and  was  graduated  from  Yale  college  in  1884;  was 
admitted  to  the  bar  in  1886,  and  practiced  in 
Rochester,  N.  Y.;  delegate  in  the  Democratic 
national  convention  of  1904;  elected  as  a  Democrat 
to  the  Sixty-first  Congress,  to  fill  vacancy  caused 
by  the  death  of  James  B.  Perkins,  and  served  from 
April  29,  1910,  to  March  3,  1911.  Reelected  to  the 
Sixty-second  Congress. 

Havens,  Jonathan  Nicoll,  a  Representative 
from  New  York;  born  on  Shelter  Island,  Long 
Island,  N.  Y.,  June  18,  1757;  pursued  classical 
studies,  and  was  graduated  from  Yale  college  in 
1777;  elected  to  the  state  convention  of  1788  to 
consider  the  Federal  constitution;  member  of  the 
state  house  of  representatives  1786-1795;  town 
clerk  1783-1787;  chairmen  of  the  committee  for 
establishing  public  schools  in  New  York,  in  1795; 
justice  of  the  peace  of  Suffolk  county  1795;  elected 
to  the  Fourth  and  Fifth  Congresses  (March  4,  1795- 
March  3,  1799);  died  in  Shelter  Island,  N.  Y.,  Oc- 
tober 25,  1799. 

Hawes,  Albert  Gallatin,  a  Representative 
from  Kentucky;  born  near  Charlottesville,  Va., 
April  1,  1804;  elected  to  the  Twenty-second  Con- 
gress as  a  Jackson  Democrat;  moved  to  Daviess 
county ;  reelected  to  the  Twenty-third  and  Twenty- 
fourth  Congresses  (March  4,  1833-March  3,  1837); 
died  near  Owensboro,  Ky.,  April  14,  1849. 

Hawes,  Aylett,  a  Representative  from  Vir- 
ginia; native  of  Culpeper  county,  Va.; pursued  the 
classical  course;  studied  medicine;  elected  as  a 
Democrat  to  the  Twelfth,  Thirteenth,  and  Four- 
teenth Congresses  (March  4,  1811-March  3,  1817); 
resumed  the  practice  of  medicine;  died  in  Cul- 
peper county,  Va.,  August  31,  1833. 

Hawes,  Richard,  a  Representative  from  Ken- 
tucky; born  in  Caroline  county,  Va.,  February  6, 
1797;  moved  to  Kentucky  in  1810;  pursued  classi- 
cal studies  at  Transylvania  university;  admitted 
to  the  bar;  commenced  practice  in  Winchester; 
state  representative  for  several  years;  elected  as  a 
Whig  to  the  Twenty-fifth  and  Twenty-sixth  Con- 
gresses (March  4,  1837-March  3,  1841);  October  4, 
1862,  was  installed  provisional  governor;  settled  in 
Paris,  Ky.;  was  elected  county  judge  in  1866,  and 
served  until  his  death  in  Bourbon  county,  Ky., 
May  25,  1877. 

Hawk,  Robert  M.  A.,  a  Representative  from 
Illinois;  born  in  Hancock  county,  Ind.,  April  23, 
1839;  educated  in  the  common  and  select  schools 
of  Carroll  county,  111.,  and  at  Eureka  college,  Illi- 
nois; entered  the  Union  army  as  first  lieutenant, 
September  4,  1862;  promoted  to  captain  February, 
1863;  brevetted  major  April  10,  1865;  clerk  of  the 
county  court  of  Carroll  county,  111.,  from  December 
13,  1865,  to  February  27,  1879;  elected  as  a  Repub- 
lican to  the  Forty-sixth  and  Forty-seventh  Con- 
gresses, and  served  from  March  4,  1879,  until  his 
death  June  29,  1882 


BIOGRAPHIES. 


713 


Hawkes,  James,  a  Representative  from  New 
York;  born  in  Petersham,  Mass.,  December  13, 
1776;  moved  with  his  parents  to  Richfield,  N.  Y., 
in  1789;  attended  the  common  schools;  taught 
school;  elected  sheriff  of  the  county  in  1819;  mem- 
ber of  the  general  assembly ;  elected  to  the  Seven- 
teenth Congress  (March  4,  1821-March  3,  1823); 
died  in  Rochester,  N.  Y.,  October  2,  1865. 

Hawkins,  Benjamin,  a  Delegate  and  a  Senator 
from  North  Carolina ;  born  in  Warren  county,  N.  C., 
August  15,  1754;  student  in  the  senior  class  at 
Princeton  college  when  the  Revolutionary  war 
began;  acquired  a  knowledge  of  French;  left  the 
school  and  was  appointed  on  the  staff  of  George 
Washington  and  acted  as  his  interpreter;  Delegate 
to  the  Continental  Congress,  1771-1784  and  1786- 
1787;  appointed  by  Congress  to  negotiate  treaties 
with  the  Creek  and  Cherokee  Indians  in  1785; 
elected  a  United  States  Senator  from  North  Caro- 
lina and  served  from  November  27,  1789,  to  March 
3,  1795;  appointed  Indian  agent  for  all  the  tribes 
south  of  the  Ohio  River  by  President  Washington 
in  1796,  and  held  the  office  until  he  died  in  Hawk- 
insville,  Ga.,  June  6, 1816. 

Hawkins,  George  S.,  a  Representative  from 
Florida;  native  of  New  York;  moved  to  Florida 
and  located  in  Pensacola,  where  he  held  several 
local  offices;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Thirty- 
fifth  and  Thirty-sixth  Congresses  (March  4,  1857- 
March  3,  1861). 

Hawkins,  Isaac  Roberts,  a  Representative 
from  Tennessee ;  born  in  Maury  county,  Tenn.,  May 
16, 1818;  completed  preparatory  studies;  studied  law 
and  was  admitted  to  the  bar;  served  in  the  Mexican 
war;  delegate  from  Tennessee  to  the  peace  con- 
ference in  1861 ;  entered  the  Union  army  as  lieu- 
tenant colonel  in  1862;  delegate  to  the  Chicago 
convention  in  1868;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the 
Thirty-ninth,  Fortieth,  and  Forty-first  Congresses 
(March  4,  1865-March  3,  1871);  died  in  Hunting- 
don, Tenn.,  August  12,  1880. 

Hawkins,  Joseph,  a  Representative  from  New 
York;  native  of  the  state  of  New  York;  completed 
preparatory  studies;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to 
the  bar  and  began  the  practice  of  his  profession  in 
Henderson;  elected  as  an  Adams  Democrat  to  the 
Twenty-first  Congress  (March  4,  1829-March  3, 
1831);  died  in  Henderson,  N.  Y.,  May  9, 1832. 

Hawkins,  Joseph  H.,  a  Representative  from 
Kentucky;  resided  in  Lexington,  Ky.;  pursued  an 
academic  course;  studied  law,  and  was  admitted 
to  the  bar;  member  of  the  state  house  of  represent- 
atives 1810-1813,  and  served  two  years  as  speaker; 
elected  to  the  Thirteenth  Congress  to  fill  vacancy 
caused  by  the  resignation  of  Henry  Clay,  and 
served  from  March  29,  1814,  until  March  3,  1815. 

Hawkins,  Micajah  Thomas,  a  Representative 
from  North  Carolina;  born  in  Warren  county,  N.  C., 
in  1786;  attended  the  University  of  North  Carolina; 
served  several  years  in  both  branches  of  the  legis- 
lature; member  of  the  council  of  state;  served  in 
state  militia  and  rose  to  the  rank  of  major  general; 
elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Twenty-second,  and 
to  the  four  succeeding  Congresses  (March  4,  1831- 
March  3,  1841);  died  in  Warren  county,  N.  C., 
December  22,  1858. 

Hawley,  John  Baldwin,  a  Representative  from 
Illinois;  born  in  Fairfield  county,  Conn.,  F'ebruary 
9,  1831 ;  moved  to  Illinois  with  his  parents,  when 


quite  young;  studied  law,  and  in  1854  was  ad- 
mitted to  the  bar;  elected  state  attorney  for  four 
years;  served  one  year  in  the  Union  army;  ap- 
pointed postmaster  at  Rock  Island,  111.,  in  1865, 
and  was  removed  the  year  following  by  President 
Johnson;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Forty- 
first,  Forty-second,  and  Forty -third  Congresses 
§  March  4,  1869-March  3,  1875);  appointed  Assistant 
ecretary  of  the  Treasury  December  6,  1877;  re- 
signed in  1880;  moved  to  Chicago,  111.,  and  re- 
sumed the  practice  of  law;  moved  to  Omaha, 
Nebr.,  in  1886,  and  was  general  attorney  for  the 
western  branches  of  the  Northwestern  railroad  com- 
pany; died  in  Omaha,  Nebr.,  May  24,  1895. 

Hawley,  Joseph  Roswell,  a  Representative 
and  a  Senator  from  Connecticut;  born  in  Stewarts- 
ville,  Richmond  county,  N.  C.,  October  31,  1826; 
completed  preparatory  studies,  and  was  graduated 
from  Hamilton  college,  New  York,  in  1847;  was 
admitted  to  the  bar  in  1850  in  Hartford,  Conn., 
and  practiced  law;  became  editor  of  the  Hartford 
Evening  Press  in  February,  1857,  which,  in  1867, 
was  consolidated  with  the  Hartford  Courant,  of 
which  he  became  editor;  enlisted  in  the  Union 
army  and  served  as  captain  first  Connecticut 
infantry  April  22,  1861;  lieutenant  colonel  seventh 
Connecticut  infantry  September  17,  1861;  colonel 
June  20,  1862;  brigadier  general  of  volunteers  Sep- 
tember 13,  1864;  brevet  major  general  of  volunteers 
September  28,  1865,  "for  gallant  and  meritorious 
service  during  the  war";  mustered  out  January  15, 
1866;  elected  governor  of  Connecticut  in  April, 
1866;  delegate  to  the  Free  Soil  national  convention 
of  1852;  presidential  elector  in  1868;  chairman  of 
the  Republican  national  convention  of  1868,  and 
delegate  to  the  Republican  national  conventions 
of  1872,  1876,  and  1880;  president  of  the  United 
States  centennial  commission  from  its  organization, 
in  March,  1873,  to  the  completion  of  the  work  of 
the  centennial  exposition;  elected  as  a  Republican 
to  the  Forty-second  Congress,  to  fill  vacancy  caused 
by  the  death  of  Julius  L.  Strong;  reelected  to  the 
Forty-third  Congress,  and  served  from  December  2, 
1872,  to  March  3,  1875;  again  elected  to  the  Forty- 
sixth  Congress  (March  4,  1879-March  3,  1881); 
elected  to  the  United  States  Senate;  reelected  in 
1887,  1893,  and  1899,  and  served  from  March  4, 
1881,  to  March  3,  1905;  appointed  a  brigadier  gen- 
eral in  the  United  States  army  March  4,  1905;  died 
in  Hartford,  Conn.,  March  17,  1905. 

Hawley,  Robert  B.,  a  Representative  from 
Texas;  born  in  Memphis,  Tenn.,  in  1850;  attended 
the  city  schools;  moved  to  Texas  in  1875;  was  a 
merchant,  importer,  and  manufacturer  in  the  city 
of  Galveston  for  twenty  years;  three  times  elected 
president  of  the  Galveston  board  of  education; 
presided  several  times  over  state  conventions, 
and  attended  as  a  delegate  national  conventions; 
elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Fifty-fifth  and 
Fifty-sixth  Congresses  (March  4,  1897-March  3, 
1901). 

Hawley,  Willis  Chatham,  a  Representative 
from  Oregon;  born  near  Monroe,  in  Benton  county, 
Oreg.,  May  5,  1864;  attended  country  schools  and 
Willamette  university,  Salem,  Oreg.;  studied  law 
and  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  Oregon  in  1893; 
principal  of  the  Umpqua  academy,  in  \Vilbur, 
Oreg.,  1884-1886;  president  of  the  Oregon  state 
normal  school  in  Drain,  1888-1891;  president  of 
Willamette  university  1893-1902;  engaged  in  nu- 
merous business  and  educational  enterprises; 
elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Sixtieth  and  Sixty- 


714 


CONGRESSIONAL   DIRECTORY. 


first    Congresses  (March    4,  1907-March  3,   1911). 
Reelected  to  the  Sixty-second  Congress. 

Haws,  John  Henry  Hobart,  a  Representative 
from  New  York;  born  in  New  York  City;  elected 
as  a  Whig  to  the  Thirty-second  Congress  (March  4, 
1851-March  3,  1853);  died  January  27,  1858. 

Hay,  Andrew  Kessler,  a  Representative  from 
New  Jersey;  native  of  Massachusetts;  completed 
preparatory  studies;  moved  to  New  Jersey,  and 
located  in  Winslow;  elected  to  the  Thirty -first 
Congress  (March  4,  1849-March  3,  1851). 

Hay,  James,  a  Representative  from  Virginia; 
born  in  Millwood,  Clarke  county,  Va.,  January  9, 
1856;  attended  private  schools  and  the  University 
of  Pennsylvania,  and  was  graduated  from  Washing- 
ton and  Lee  university,  Virginia,  in  law,  in  June, 
1877;  moved  to  Harrisonburg,  Va.,  in  1877,  where 
he  practiced  until  June,  1879;  moved  to  Madison, 
Va.,  and  devoted  himself  exclusively  to  his  pro- 
fession; elected  attorney  for  the  commonwealth  in 
1883,  and  reelected  in  1887,  1891,  and  1895;  elected 
to  the  house  of  delegates  in  1885,  and  reelected  in 
1887  and  1889;  to  the  state  senate  in  1893;  member 
of  the  Democratic  state  committee  for  four  years, 
and  member  of  the  Democratic  national  conven- 
tion of  1888;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Fifty- 
fifth,  and  to  the  six  succeeding  Congresses  (March  4, 
1897-March  3,  1911);  chairman  of  the  Democratic 
caucus  of  the  House  of  Representatives  in  the  Fifty- 
sixth,  Fifty-seventh,  and  Fifty-eighth  Congresses. 
Reelected  to  the  Sixty-second  Congress. 

Hay,  John  Breese,  a  Representative  from  Illi- 
nois; born  in  Belleville,  111.,  January  8,  1834;  re- 
ceived a  limited  schooling;  learned  the  art  of 
printing;  studied  law  and  was  admitted  to  the 
bar;  state  attorney  for  the  twenty -fourth  judicial 
district  of  Illinois  for  eight  years;  served  in  the 
Union  army  during  the  Civil  war;  elected  as  a 
Republican  to  the  Forty-first  and  Forty-second 
Congresses  (March  4,  1869-March  3,  1873);  judge 
of  the  county  court  of  St.  Clair  county,  and  is  a 
resident  of  Belleville,  111. 

Hayden,  Edward  Daniel,  a  Representative 
from  Massachusetts;  born  in  Cambridge,  Mass., 
December  27,  1833;  attended  the  Lawrence  acad- 
emy, Groton,  Mass.,  and  was  graduated  from  Har- 
vard college  in  1854;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to 
the  bar,  and  practiced  in  Woburn,  Mass.,  until 
1862,  when  he  entered  the  United  States  navy  as 
assistant  paymaster;  member  of  the  state  house  of 
representatives  of  Massachusetts  in  1880-1882; 
elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Forty-ninth  and 
Fiftieth  Congresses  (March  4,  1885-March  3,  1889); 
became  interested  in  banking  and  railroading;  died 
in  Woburn,  Mass.,  November  15,  1908. 

Hayden,  Moses,  a  Representative  from  New 
York;  born  in  Hampshire  county,  Mass.,  in  1786; 
completed  preparatory  studies  and  was  graduated 
from  Williams  college  in  1804;  studied  law,  was 
admitted  to  the  bar,  and  began  practice  in  York, 
Livingston  county,  N.  Y.;  was  first  judge  of  the 
court  of  common  pleas  of  Livingston  county,  1821- 
1823;  elected  to  the  Eighteenth  and  Nineteenth 
Congresses  (March  4,  1823-March  3,  1827);  member 
of  the  state  senate,  and  was  serving  at  the  time  of 
his  death  in  Albany,  N.  Y.,  February  13,  1830; 
interment  in  York,  N.  Y. 

Hayes,  Everis  Anson,  a  Representative  from 
California;  born  in  Waterloo,  Jefferson  county, 
Wis.,  March  10,  1855;  attended  public  schools  and 


was  graduated  from  the  Waterloo  high  school,  and 
from  the  literary  department  of  the  University  of 
Wisconsin  in  1873,  and  from  the  law  department 
in  1879;  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  began  prac- 
tice in  Madison,  Wis.;  moved  to  Ashland,  Wis., 
in  1883;  removed  to  Santa  Clara  county,  Cal.,  in 
1887,  and  engaged  in  fruit  raising  and  mining,  and 
with  his  brother,  was  publisher  and  proprietor  of 
the  San  Jose  Daily  Morning  Mercury  and  Evening 
Herald ;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Fifty -ninth, 
Sixtieth,  and  Sixty-first  Congresses  (March  4,  1905- 
March  3,  1911).  Reelected  to  the  Sixty-second 
Congress. 

Hayes,  Philip  Cornelius,  a  Representative 
from  Illinois;  born  in  Granby,  Conn.,  February  3, 
1833,  and  moved  with  his  father's  family  to  Lasalle 
county,  111.,  during  the  summer  of  the  same  year; 
was  graduated  from  Oberlin  college,  Ohio,  in  1860, 
and  from  the  Theological  seminary  in  1863;  served 
in  the  Union  army  during  the  Civil  war;  commis- 
sioned captain  one  hundred  and  third  Ohio  infan- 
try July  16,  1862;  lieutenant  colonel  November  18, 
1864;  brevet  colonel  and  brigadier  general  March 
13,  1865,  "for  gallant  and  meritorious  service  dur- 
ing the  war;"  mustered  out  June  12,  1865;  super- 
intendent of  schools  of  Mount  Vernon,  Ohio,  one 
year;  located  in  Morris,  Grundy  county,  111.;  dele- 
gate to  the  Republican  national  convention  which 
met  in  Philadelphia  in  1872;  elected  as  a  Repub- 
lican to  the  Forty-fifth  and  Forty -sixth  Congresses 
(March  4,  1877-March  3,  1881);  removed  to  Joliet, 
111.,  in  1892  and  is  a  resident  of  that  city. 

Hayes,  Rutherford  Birchard,  a  Representa- 
tive from  Ohio;  born  in  Delaware,  Ohio,  October 
4,  1822;  attended  the  common  schools,  the  acad- 
emy in  Norwalk,  Ohio,  and  the  Webb  preparatory 
school  in  Middletown,  Conn.;  was  graduated  from 
Kenyon  college,  Ohio,  in  August,  1842;  and  from 
the  Cambridge  law  school  in  January,  1845;  was  ad- 
mitted to  the  bar  May  10, 1845.  and  began  practice 
in  Lower  Sandusky  (now  Fremont)  and  then  in  Cin- 
cinnati in  1849 ;  city  solicitor  in  1858-1859;  entered 
the  Union  army;  commissioned  major  of  the 
twenty-third  Ohio  infantry  June  27,  1861;  lieuten- 
ant colonel  October  24,  1861;  colonel  October  24, 
1862;  brigadier  general  of  volunteers  October  19, 
1864;  brevet  major  general  of  volunteers  March  15, 
1865,  "for  gallant  and  distinguished  service  during 
the  campaign  of  1864  in  West  Virginia,  and  partic- 
ularly at  the  battles  of  Fishers  Hill  and  Cedar 
Creek,  Va.;"  resigned  June  8,  1865;  elected  as  a 
Republican  to  the  Thirty-ninth  and  Fortieth  Con- 
gresses and  served  from  March  4,  1865,  until  De- 
cember, 1867,  when  he  resigned,  having  been 
elected  governor  of  Ohio;  reelected  in  1869  and 
again  in  1876;  elected  President  of  the  United 
States  in  1876  and  inaugurated  March  4,  1877,  and 
and  served  until  March  3,  1881;  died  January  17, 
1893,  in  Fremont,  Ohio. 

Hayes,  Walter  Ingalls,  a  Representative  from 
Iowa;  born  in  Marshall,  Mich.,  December  9,  1841; 
attended  the  common  schools;  was  graduated 
from  the  law  department  of  Michigan  university 
in  1863;  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  practiced; 
city  attorney  of  Marshall,  Mich.;  was  United 
States  commissioner  for  the  eastern  district 
of  Michigan,  and  also  of  Iowa;  city 'solicitor  of 
Clinton,  Iowa;  district  judge  of  the  seventh 
judicial  district  of  Iowa  from  August,  1875,  till 
January  1,  1887;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Fif- 
tieth, Fifty-first,  Fifty-second,  and  Fifty-third 
Congresses  (March  4;  1887-March  3,  1895);  resumed 
the  practice  of  law  in  Clinton,  Iowa;  died  in  Mar- 


BIOGRAPHIES. 


715 


shall,  Mich.,  March  14,  1901;  interment  in  Clinton, 
Iowa. 

Haymond,  Thomas  S.,  a  Representative  from 
Virginia;  native  of  that  state;  elected  to  the  Thirty- 
first  Congress,  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  the  death 
of  Alexander  Newman,  and  served  from  December 

3,  1849,  to  March  3,  1851. 

Haymond,  William  S.,  a  Representative  from 
Indiana;  bom  near  Clarksburg,  W.  Va.;  received 
a  scientific  training  and  was,  for  a  time,  a  practic- 
ing civil  engineer;  was  graduated  from  two  med- 
ical colleges,  and  began  the  practice  of  medicine 
in  1851  in  Monticello,  Ind.;  entered  the  Union 
army  as  surgeon  in  1862  and  served  one  year; 
defeated  for  the  state  senate  in  1866;  elected  pres- 
ident of  the  Indianapolis,  Delphi  and  Chicago 
railroad  in  1872,  1873,  and  1874;  elected  as  a  can- 
didate of  both  the  Democrats  and  Liberals  to  the 
Forty-fourth  Congress  (March  4,  1875-March  3, 
1877);  defeated  for  reelection  as  the  Democratic 
candidate. 

Hayne,  Arthur  Peronneau,  a  Senator  from 
South  Carolina;  born  in  Charleston,  S.  C.,  March 
12,  1790;  pursued  classical  studies;  engaged  in 
business;  served  in  the  war  of  1812;  was  first  lieu- 
tenant at  Sacketts  Harbor,  major  of  cavalry  on  the 
St.  Lawrence,  inspector  general  in  1814,  and  bre- 
vetted  lieutenant  colonel  for  gallant  conduct  at 
New  Orleans;  studied  law  and  was  admitted  to 
the  bar;  served  in  the  Florida  war  as  commander  of 
the  Tennessee  volunteers,  and  retired  in  1820; 
served  in  the  state  house  of  representatives  of 
South  Carolina;  presidential  elector  on  the  Jack- 
son and  Calhoun  ticket  in  1828;  United  States 
naval  agent  in  the  Mediterranean  for  five  years; 
declined  the  Belgian  mission;  appointed  a  United 
States  Senator  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  the  death 
of  Josiah  J.  Evans,  and  served  from  May  11,  1858, 
to  December  2,  1858;  died  in  Charleston,  S.  C., 
January  7,  1867. 

Hayne,  Robert  Young,  a  Senator  from  South 
Carolina;  born  in  St.  Pauls  parish,  Colleton  dis- 
trict, S.  C.,  November  10,  1791;  completed  a  pre- 
paratory course;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the 
bar,  and  began  practice  in  Charleston,  S.  C. ;  served 
in  the  third  South  Carolina  regiment  during  the 
war  of  1812;  member  of  the  state  legislature  1814- 
1818,  and  served  one  year  as  speaker;  attorney  gen- 
eral 1818-1822;  elected  a  United  States  Senator  as 
a  States  Rights  Democrat,  and  served  from  March 

4,  1823,  to  December,  1832,  when  he  resigned  to 
become  governor;  participated  in  1832  in  a  notable 
debate  with  Daniel  Webster  upon  the  principles  of 
the  constitution,  the  authority  of  the  general  gov- 
ernment, and  the  rights  of  the  states;  served  as  gov- 
ernor  1832-1834;  mayor  of  Charleston  1835-1837; 
president  of  the  Cincinnati  and  Charleston  rail- 
road 1836-1839;  died  in  Asheville,  N.  C.,  Septem- 
ber 24,  1839. 

Haynes,  Charles  Eaton,  a  Representative 
from  Georgia;  born  in  Mecklenburg  county,  Va., 
April  15,  1784;  moved  to  Sparta,  Ga.;  completed 
preparatory  studies;  was  graduated  in  medicine 
from  the  University  of  Pennsylvania,  and  prac- 
ticed; elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Nineteenth, 
Twentieth,  and  Twenty-first  Congresses  (March  4 
1825-March  3,  1831);  defeated  for  reelection  to  the 
Twenty -second  and  Twenty -third  Congresses; 
elected  as  a  Unionist  to  the  Twenty-fourth  and 
Twenty-fifth  Congresses  (March  4,  1835-March  3, 


1839);     died     August     29,     1841;     interment    in 
Sparta,  Ga. 

Haynes,  Martin  Alonzo,  a  Representative 
from  New  Hampshire;  born  in  Springfield,  N.  H., 
July  30,  1842;  moved  with  parents  to  Manchester, 
N.  H.,  in  1846;  attended  the  common  schools  and 
learned  the  printer's  trade;  in  June,  1861,  enlisted 
for  the  Civil  war  as  a  private  in  the  second  New 
Hampshire  regiment,  and  served  three  years; 
received  wounds  at  the  first  Bull  Run,  Glendale, 
and  second  Bull  Run  battles;  in  1868  moved  to 
Lake  Village,  N.  H.,  where  he  established  the 
Lake  Village  Times;  member  of  the  state  house  of 
representatives  1872-1873;  clerk  of  the  supreme 
court  for  BeLknap  county  1876-1883;  president  of 
the  New  Hampshire  veteran  association  1881-1882; 
department  commander  Grand  Army  of  the  Repub- 
lic 1881-1882;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the 
Forty-eighth  and  Forty-ninth  Congresses  (March 
4,  1883-March  3,  1887);  appointed  internal-revenue 
agent  of  the  Treasury  under  President  Harrison; 
a  resident  of  Lakeport,  N.  H. 

Haynes,  William  Elisha,  a  Representative 
from  Ohio;  born  in  Hoosick  Falls,  N.  Y.,  October 
19,  1829;  moved  to  Ohio  in  1839;  attended  the 
common  schools;  engaged  in  mercantile  pursuits 
from  1850  until  1856,  when  he  was  elected  auditor 
of  Sandusky  county,  Ohio,  and  served  two  terms; 
enlisted  in  the  Union  army  April  16,  1861,  in  the 
eighth  regiment  Ohio  infantry;  commissioned  cap- 
tain, and  served  in  Western  Virginia,  the  Shenan- 
doah  Valley,  and  the  army  of  the  Potomac  until 
November,  1862,  when  he  was  commissioned  lieu- 
tenant colonel  of  the  tenth  Ohio  cavalry,  and 
served  with  it  in  the  army  of  the  Cumberland 
until  1864;  collector  of  internal  revenue  for  the 
ninth  district  of  Ohio  1866-1867;  engaged  in  farm- 
ing and  banking;  a  member  of  the  board  of  trus- 
tees of  the  Toledo  insane  asylum  1884-1888;  dele- 
gate in  the  Democratic  national  conventions  held 
in  Cincinnati,  Ohio,  in  1880,  and  in  Chicago,  111., 
in  1884;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Fifty-first 
and  Fifty-second  Congresses  (March  4,  1889-March 
3,  1893);  engaged  in  the  banking  business  and  is  a 
resident  of  PYemont,  Ohio. 

Hays,  Charles,  a  Representative  from  Alabama; 
born  in  Greene  county,  Ala.,  February  2,  1834; 
completed  preparatory  studies  and  devoted  him- 
self to  agricultural  pursuits;  member  of  the  con- 
stitutional convention  of  Alabama  in  1867;  mem- 
ber of  the  state  senate  in  1868;  elected  as  a  Re- 
publican to  the  Forty-first,  Forty-second,  Forty- 
third,  and  Forty-fourth  Congresses  (March  4,  1869- 
March  3,  1877);  died  at  his  home,  "Myrtle  Hall," 
Green  county,  Ala.,  June  24,  1879. 

Hays,  Edward  R.,  a  Representative  from  Iowa; 
born  in  Wood  county,  Ohio,  May  26, 1847;  attended 
Heidelburgh  college,  Ohio;  studied  law,  and  was 
admitted  to  the  bar  in  1869;  moved  to  Knoxville, 
Iowa,  in  May,  1871,  where  he  practiced  law; 
elected  to  the  Fifty-first  Congress,  to  fill  vacancy 
caused  by  the  resignation  of  Edwin  H.  Conger, 
and  served  from  December  1,  1890,  to  March  3, 
1891;  died  in  Knoxville,  Iowa,  February  28,  1896. 

Hays,  Samuel,  a  Representative  from  Pennsyl- 
vania; born  in  Ireland  in  1783;  came  with  parents 
to  Virginia,  where  he  received  elementary  in- 
struction; moved  to  Pennsylvania,  and  located  in 
Franklin,  Venango  county;  sheriff  of  Venango 
county  four  terms;  member  of  the  state  house  of 
representatives,  and  of  the  state  senate;  elected  as 


716 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 


a  Democrat  to  the  Twenty-eighth  Congress  (March 
4,  1843-March  3,  1845);  an  associate  judge,  and 
United  States  marshal  for  the  western  district  of 
Pennsylvania;  died  in  Franklin,  Pa.,  July  1,  1868. 

Hayes,  Samuel  L.,  a  Representative  from  Vir- 
ginia; native  of  Pennsylvania;  moved  to  Stuarts 
Creek,  Va. ;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Twenty- 
seventh  Congress  (March  4,  1841-March  3,  1843). 

Hayward,  Monroe  Leland,  a  Senator  from 
Nebraska;  born  in  Wellsboro,  Essex  county,  N.  Y., 
December  22,  1840;  served  in  the  Civil  war  in  the 
twenty-second  New  York  infantry  and  fifth  New 
York  cavalry;  was  graduated  from  Fort  Edward 
collegiate  institute,  New  York;  studied  law  in 
Whitewater,  Wis.;  moved  to  Nebraska  in  1867; 
member  of  the  constitutional  convention  of  1873; 
judge  of  the  district  court  of  Nebraska;  elected  to 
the  United  States  Senate,  and  served  from  March 
8,  1899,  until  his  death,  in  Nebraska  City,  Nebr., 
December  5,  1899. 

Haywood,  jr.,  William  Henry,  a  Senator  from 
North  Carolina;  born  in  Wake  county,  N.  C.,  Octo- 
ber 23,  1801 ;  was  graduated  from  the  University  of 
North  Carolina  in  1819;  studied  law,  was  admitted 
to  the  bar,  and  began  practice  in  Raleigh,  N.  C.; 
member  of  the  house  of  commons  of  North  Carolina 
in  1831  and  1834-1836,  and  served  the  last  year  as 
speaker;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  United  States 
Senate,  and  served  from  March  4,  1843,  until  July 
25,  1846,  when  he  resigned;  died  in  Raleigh,  N.  C., 
October  6,  1852. 

Hazard,  Jonathan  J., a  Delegate  from  Rhode 
Island;  born  in  Newport,  R.  I.,  in  1728;  completed 
preparatory  studies;  member  of  the  general 
assembly  in  1776;  paymaster  in  the  Continental 
battalion  from  Rhode  Island  in  1777,  and  joined 
Gen.  Washington's  army  in  New  Jersey  that  year; 
reelected  to  the  general  assembly  and  a  member  of 
the  council  of  war  in  1778;  Delegate  in  the  Conti- 
nental Congress  1787-1789;  again  a  member  of  the 
general  assembly  of  Rhode  Island  1790-1805; 
moved  to  New  York  in  1805  and  located  upon  an 
estate  in  the  Friend's  settlement  at  City  Hill, 
where  he  died  in  1812. 

Hazard,  Nathaniel,  a  Representative  from 
Rhode  Island;  born  in  Newport,  R.  I.,  in  1776;  was 
graduated  from  Brown  university  in  1792;  mem- 
ber of  the  state  house  of  representatives  1818-1819, 
and  served  as  speaker;  elected  as  a  Democart  to  the 
Sixteenth  Congress,  and  served  from  March  4,  1819, 
until  his  death,  in  Washington,  D.  C.,  December 
17,  1820. 

Hazeltine,  Abner,  a  Representative  from  New 
York;  born  in  Waynesborough  (now  Dover),  Vt., 
June  10,  1796;  was  graduated  from  Williams  college 
in  1815;  located  in  Jamestown,  N.  Y.;  studied  law, 
was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  practiced;  United 
States  commissioner  for  the  northern  district  of 
New  York;  justice  of  the  Chautauqua  county  court; 
member  of  the  state  assembly  1829  and  1830; 
elected  as  a  Whig  to  the  Twenty-third  and  Twenty- 
fourth  Congresses  (March  4,  1833-March  3,  1837); 
district  attorney  of  Chautauqua  county  1847-1851; 
county  judge  1860-1864 ;  special  county  judge  1873- 
1874;  United  States  commissioner  for  the  district 
of  New  York;  died  in  Jamestown,  N.  Y.,  Decem- 
ber 20,  1879. 

Hazeltine,  Ira  Sherwin,  a  Representative  from 
Missouri;  born  in  Andover,  \Vindsor  county,  Vt., 


July  13,  1821;  attended  the  common  schools  and 
pursued  an  academic  course;  taught  school  three 
years  in  Wisconsin  and  studied  law;  member  of  the 
Wisconsin  legislature  in  1867 ;  located  upon  a  farm 
near  Springfield,  in  Greene  county,  Mo.,  in  1870; 
elected  to  the  Forty-seventh  Congress  (March  4, 
1881-March  3,  1883);  laid  out  and  named  the  city  of 
Richland,  Mo.;  died  in  Greene  county,  Mo.,  Jan- 
uary 13,  1899. 

Hazelton,  George  Cochrane,  a  Representa- 
tive from  Wisconsin;  born  in  Chester,  Rocking- 
ham  county,  N.  H.,  January  3,  1833;  attended  the 
public  schools;  fitted  for  college  at  Pinkerton  acad- 
emy, N.  H.,  Dummer  academy  in  Massachusetts, 
and  was  graduated  from  Union  college,  Schenec- 
tady,  N.  Y.,  in  1858;  studied  law  and  was  admitted 
to  the  New  York  bar;  settled  in  Boscobel,  Wis.,  in 
1863,  where  he  practiced  his  profession;  prosecuting 
attorney  of  Grant  county  1864,  and  reelected  in 
1866;  member  of  the  state  senate  1867-1871,  and 
served  as  president  pro  tempore  of  the  senate  1869- 
1871;  reelected  in  1869;  elected  as  a  Republican 
to  the  Forty -fifth,  Forty -sixth,  and  Forty-seventh 
Congresses  (March  4,  1877-March  3,  1883);  located 
in  Washington,  D.  C.,  and  practiced  law. 

Hazelton,  Gerry  Whiting,  a  Representative 
from  Wisconsin;  born  in  Chester,  N.  H.,  February 
24,  1829;  pursued  an  academic  course;  studied 
law,  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar;  moved  to 
Wisconsin  in  1856;  elected  to  the  state  senate 
in  1860,  and  was  twice  chosen  president  pro 
tempore;  district  attorney  for  Columbia  county 
in  1864;  appointed  collector  of  internal  revenue  for 
the  second  district  in  1866  and  removed  by  Presi- 
dent Johnson  the  same  year;  appointed  United 
States  attorney  for  the  district  of  Wisconsin  in  1869; 
elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Forty-second  and 
Forty-third  Congresses  (March  4,  1871-March  3, 
1875);  resumed  the  practice  of  law,  and  is  a  resident 
of  Milwaukee,  Wis. 

Hazelton,  John  W.,  a  Representative  from 
New  Jersey;  born  inMullica  Hill,  N.  J.;  attended 
the  common  schools;  engaged  in  farming;  delegate 
to  the  national  Republican  convention  in  Chicago 
in  1868;  presidential  elector  in  1868  on  the  Grant 
and  Colfax  ticket;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the 
Forty-second  and  Forty-third  Congress  (March  4, 
1871-March  3,  1865). 

He  aid,  William  Henry,  a  Representative  from 
Delaware;  born  in  Wilmington,  Del.,  August  27, 
1864;  attended  the  public  schools,  and  was  grad- 
uated from  the  high  school  in  1880,  and  from  Dela- 
ware college  in  1883;  studied  law  and  was  graduated 
from  the  law  school  of  Columbian  university,  of 
Washington,  D.  C.,  in  1888;  national-bank  exam- 
iner for  the  states  of  Montana,  Idaho,  Washington, 
and  Oregon  1888-1892;  commenced  the  practice 
of  law  in  1897  in  Wilmington,  Del.;  appointed 
postmaster  of  Wilmington  by  President  Roosevelt 
in  1901,  and  served  one  term;  elected  as  a  Repub- 
lican to  the  Sixty-first  Congress  (March  4,  1909- 
March  3,  1911).  Reelected  to  the  Sixty-second  Con- 
gress. 

Healy,  Joseph,  a  Representative  from  New 
Hampshire;  born  in  Newton,  Mass.,  August  21, 
1776;  completed  preparatory  studies;  member  of 
the  state  senate  in  1824;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to 
the  Nineteenth  and  Twentieth  Congresses  (March 
4,  1825-March  3,  1829);  member  of  the  state  exec- 
utivecouncil  1829-1832;  died  in  Washington,  N.  H., 
October  10,  1861. 


BIOGEAPHIES. 


717 


Heard,  John  Thaddeus,  a  Representative  from 
Missouri;  born  in  Georgetown,  Pettis  county,  Mo.; 
attended  common  schools  and  was  graduated  from 
the  state  university  in  Columbia  in  1860;  read  law, 
was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  practiced  several  years 
in  Sedalia,  Mo.;  representative  in  the  state  legis- 
lature in  1872;  member  of  the  state  senate  1880- 
1884;  employed  in  1881  by  the  fund  commissioners 
of  the  state  to  prosecute  and  adjust  all  claims  of 
the  state  against  the  general  government;  elected 
as  a  Democrat  to  the  the  Forty-ninth,  and  to  the 
four  succeeding  Congresses  (March  4, 1885-March  3, 
1895);  retired  from  business  and  is  a  resident  of 
Sedalia,  Mo. 

Hearst,  George,  a  Senator  from  California;  born 
in  Franklin  county,  Mo.,  September  3,  1820;  was 
graduated  from  the  Franklin  county  mining  school 
in  1838;  in  1850  went  to  California,  where  he  worked 
in  the  mines;  engaged  in  mining,  stock  raising,  and 
farming;  elected  to  the  California  state  legislature 
in  1865;  became  the  owner  of  the  San  Francisco 
Examiner;  appointed  to  the  United  States  Senate  as 
a  Democrat,  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  the  death  of 
John  F.  Miller,  and  served  from  March  23,  1886,  to 
August  4,  1886;  subsequently  elected  for  the  term 
beginning  March  4, 1887,  and  served  until  his  death, 
in  Washington,  D.  C.,  February  28,  1891;  interment 
in  San  Francisco,  Cal. 

Hearst,  William  Randolph,  a  Representative 
from  New  York;  born  in  San  Francisco,  Cal., 
April  29,  1863;  attended  public  schools  and  Har- 
vard college;  became  editor  and  proprietor  of  the 
San  Francisco  Examiner  in  1886;  in  1895  purchased 
and  became  editor  of  the  New  York  Journal,  and 
in  1896  established  the  New  York  American; 
founded  the  Chicago  American  in  1900,  and  the 
Chicago  Examiner  in  1902;  elected  as  a  Democrat 
to  the  Fifty-eighth  and  Fifty-ninth  Congresses 
(March  4,  1903-March  3,  1907);  was  the  Municipal 
Ownership  candidate  for  mayor  of  Greater  New 
York  in  November,  1905;  unsuccessful  Democratic 
candidate  for  governor  of  New  York  in  1906; 
organized  the  Independence  League  party  in  1908; 
a  resident  of  New  York  City. 

Heath,  James  P.,  a  Representative  from  Mary- 
land; born  in  Delaware,  December  21,  1777;  com- 
pleted preparatory  studies;  served  in  the  regular 
army  as  lieutenant  of  engineers  1799-1802;  register 
in  chancery  in  Annapolis,  Md. ;  served  throughout 
the  war  of  1812  as  aid-de-camp  to  Gen.  Winder; 
elected  to  the  Twenty-third  Congress  (March  4,' 
1833-March  3,  1835);  defeated  as  the  Democratic 
candidate  for  reelection ;  died  in  Georgetown,  D  C 
June  12,  1854. 

Heath,  John,  a  Representative  from  Virginia; 
born  in  Virginia;  completed  preparatory  studies; 
elected  to  the  Third  and  Fourth  Congresses  (March 
4,  1793-March  3,  1797). 

Heaton,  David,  a  Representative  from  North 
Carolina;  born  in  Hamilton,  Ohio,  March  10,  1823; 
completed  preparatory  studies;  studied  law  and 
was  admitted  to  the  bar;  elected  to  the  state  senate 
in  1855;  moved  to  St.  Anthonys  Falls,  Minn.,  in 
1857;  member  of  the  state  senate  of  Minnesota 
1858-1863 ;  appointed  special  agent  of  the  Treasury 
Department  and  the  United  States  depository  in 
Newbern,  N.  C.,  in  1863;  appointed  Third  Auditor 
of  the  Treasury  in  1864,  but  declined;  member  of 
the  constitutional  convention  of  North  Carolina  in 
1867 ;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Fortieth  and 
Forty-first  Congresses  and  served  from  March  4, 


1867,  until  his  death;  renominated  for  the  Forty- 
second  Congress;  died  in  Washington,  D.  C  ,  June 
25,  1870. 

Heatwole,  Joel  Prescott,  a  Representative 
from  Minnesota;  born  in  Waterford,  Elkhart  county, 
Ind.,  August  22,  1856;  a  printer  by  trade;  moved 
to  Minnesota  and  settled  in  Northfield;  elected 
as  a  Republican  to  the  Fifty-fourth,  Fifty-fifth, 
Fifty-sixth,  and  Fifty-seventh  Congresses  (March 
4,  1895-March  3,  1903);  declined  to  be  a  candidate 
for  the  Fifty-eighth  Congress;  resumed  newspaper 
work;  died  in  Northfield,  Minn.,  April  4,  1910. 

Hebard,  William,  a  Representative  from  Ver- 
mont; born  in  Windham,  Conn.,  November  29, 
1800;  attended  the  common  schools,  and  fitted  for 
college  at  the  Orange  county  grammar  school  in 
Randolph,  Vt.;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the 
bar,  and  commenced  practice  in  East  Randolph, 
Vt.;  state  attorney  of  Orange  county  for  seven 
years;  judge  of  probate  of  the  Randolph  district 
1838,  1840  and  1841;  member  of  the  general  assem- 
bly in  1835;  served  in  the  state  senate  in  1836  and 
1838;  again  a  member  of  the  general  assembly  1840- 
1842;  judge  of  the  state  supreme  court  1842-1845; 
moved  to  Chelsea,  Vt.;  elected  as  a  Whig  to  the 
Thirty-first  and  Thirty-second  Congresses  (March 
4,  1849-March  3,  1853);  resumed  the  practice  of 
law;  delegate  to  the  Republican  national  conven- 
tion in  1860;  died  in  Chelsea,  Vt.,  October  20,  1875. 

Hedge,  Thomas,  a  Representative  from  Iowa; 
born  in  Burlington,  Iowa,  June  24,  1844;  attended 
the  commone  schools,  and  was  graduated  from 
Phillips  academy,  Andover,  Mass.,  in  1861,  from 
Yale  college  in  1867,  and  from  Columbia  college 
law  school,  New  York,  in  1869;  was  admitted  to 
the  bar,  and  commenced  practice  in  Burlington, 
Iowa;  served  as  private  during  the  Civil  war  in 
company  E  and  as  second  lieutenant  in  company 
G,  one  hundred  and  sixth  New  York  infantry, 
1864-1865;  resumed  the  practice  of  law  in  Burling- 
ton, Iowa;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Fifty- 
sixth,  and  to  the  four  succeeding  Congresses 
(March  4,  1899-March  3,  1911);  resumed  the  prac- 
tice of  law,  and  is  a  resident  of  Burlington,  Iowa. 

Heflin,  James  Thomas,  a  Representative  from 
Alabama;  born  in  Louina,  Randolph  county,  Ala., 
April  9, 1869;  attended  the  common  schools  of  Ran- 
dolph county,  the  Southern  university,  Greens- 
boro, Ala.,  and  the  A.  and  M.  College,  Auburn,  Ala. ; 
was  admitted  to  the  bar  January  12,  1893;  elected 
mayor  of  Lafayette,  Ala.,  March  16,  1893,  and  re- 
elected;  register  in  chancery  two  years;  resigned 
in  1896;  member  of  the  legislature  in  1896-1898; 
member  of  the  Democratic  state  executive  com- 
mittee 1896-1902;  delegate  in  the  constitutional 
convention  of  Alabama  in  1901;  elected  secretary 
of  state  in  November,  1902,  for  a  term  of  four  years; 
resigned  that  office  May  1,  1904;  elected  as  a  Dem- 
ocrat to  the  Fifty-eighth  Congress,  to  fill  vacancy 
caused  by  the  death  of  Charles  W.  Thompson; 
reelected  to  the  Fifty-ninth,  Sixtieth,  and  Sixty- 
first  Congresses,  and  served  from  December  5, 1904, 
to  March  3,  1911.  Reelected  to  the  Sixty-second  Con- 
gress. 

Heflin,  Robert  Stell,  a  Representative  from 
Alabama;  born  near  Madison,  Ga.,  April  15,  1815; 
pursued  academic  studies;  served  in  the  Creek 
war  in  1836;  clerk  of  the  superior  court  of  Fayette 
county  1836-1840;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to 
the  bar  in  1840,  and  practiced  in  Fayetteville  and 
Wedowee;  member  of  the  state  senate  1840-1841; 


718 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 


went  to  Randolph  county  in  1844;  member  of  the 
state  house  of  representatives  in  1849  and  1860; 
appointed  and  elected  judge  of  probate  of  Savan- 
nah 1865-1866;  presidential  elector  in  1868  on  the 
Republican  ticket;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the 
Forty-first  Congress  (March  4,  1869-March  3,  1871). 

Heilmaii,  William,  a  Representative  from  Indi- 
ana; born  in  Albig,  Rhein,  Germany,  October  11, 
1824 ;  came  to  the  United  States  in  1843,  and  located 
in  Evansville,  Vanderberg  county,  Ind.;  elected 
to  the  city  council  for  six  years;  representative  in 
the  general  assembly  of  the  state  in  1870;  state 
senator  in  1876;  delegate  to  the  Republican  national 
convention  in  Cincinnati  in  1876;  resigned  his  seat 
in  the  state  senate  March  3,  1879;  elected  as  a  Re- 
publican to  the  Forty-sixth  and  Forty-seventh 
Congresses  (March  4,  1879-March  3,  1883);  died  in 
Evansville,  Ind.,  September  22,  1890. 

Heiner,  Daniel  Broadhead,  a  Representative 
from  Pennsylvania;  born  in  Kittanning,  Pa.,  De- 
cember 30,  1854;  was  graduated  from  Allegheny 
college,  Meadville,  Pa.,  in  1879;  read  law  and  was 
admitted  to  the  bar  of  Armstrong  county,  Pa.,  in 
1882;  elected  district  attorney  in  1885,  reelected  in 
1888;  chairman  of  the  Republican  county  executive 
committee  1884-1888;  elected  as  a  Republican  to 
the  Fifty-third  and  Fifty-fourth  Congresses  (March 
4,  1893-March3, 1897). 

Heitfeld,  Henry,  a  Senator  from  Idaho;  born 
in  St.  Louis,  Mo.,  January  12,  1859;  attended  the 
schools  of  that  city;  moved  to  Seneca,  Kans.,  in 
1870,  to  Washington  in  1882,  and  to  Lewiston, 
Idaho,  in  1883;  engaged  in  farming  and  stock  rais- 
ing; elected  state  senator  in  1894  and  reelected  in 
1896;  elected  as  a  Populist  to  the  United  States 
Senate  January  28,  1897,  and  served  from  March  4, 
1897,  to  March  3,  1903;  a  resident  of  Lewiston, 
Idaho. 

Helm,  Harvey,  a  Representative  from  Ken- 
tucky; born  in  Danville,  Boyle  county,  Ky., 
attended  the  Stanford  male  academy  and  was 
graduated  from  the  Central  university  of  Kentucky; 
studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  prac- 
ticed in  Danville,  Ky.;  member  of  the  state  house 
of  representatives  in  1894;  county  attorney  of 
Lincoln  county  1897-1905;  delegate  to  the  Demo- 
cratic national  convention  in  Kansas  City  in  1900; 
elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Sixtieth  and  Sixty- 
first  Congresses  (March  4,  1907-March  3,  1911). 
Reelected  to  the  Sixty-second  Congress. 

Helmick,  William,  a  Representative  from  Ohio; 
born  in  Jefferson  county,  Ohio,  September  6, 
1817;  attended  the  public  schools;  studied  law,  and 
was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1845;  prosecuting  attor- 
ney in  1851 ;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Thirty- 
sixth  Congress  (March  4>  1859-March  3,  1861);  ap- 
pointed by  President  Lincoln  chief  clerk  of  the 
Pension  Office  in  1861;  resigned  in  1865  and  re- 
sumed the  practice  of  law;  appointed  justice  of 
the  peace  by  President  Hayes  in  1877;  died  in 
Washington,  D.  C.,  March  31,  1889. 

Helms,  William,  a  Representative  from  New 
Jersey;  a  native  of  that  state;  served  in  the  Revo- 
lutionary war;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Sev- 
enth, and  to  the  four  succeeding  Congresses  (March 
4,  1801-March  3, 1811);  moved  to  Tennessee,  where 
he  died  in  1813. 

Hemenway,  James  Alexander,  a  Represen- 
tative and  a  Senator  from  Indiana;  born  in  Boon- 


ville,  Ind.,  March  8,  1860;  attended  the  common 
schools;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and 
commenced  practice  in  Boonville  in  1885;  in  1886, 
and  again  in  1888,  elected  prosecuting  attorney  of 
the  second  judicial  circuit  of  Indiana;  member  of 
the  Republican  state  committee  in  1890;  elected 
as  a  Republican  to  the  Fifty-fourth,  and  to  the  five 
succeeding  Congresses,  and  served  from  March  4, 
1895,  until  March  4, 1905,  when  he  resigned ;  elected 
to  the  United  States  Senate,  to  fill  vacancy  caused 
by  the  resignation  of  Charles  W.  Fairbanks  and 
served  from  March  4,  1905,  to  March  3,  1909;  re- 
sumed the  practice  of  law  in  Boonville,  Ind. 

Hemphill,  John,  a  Senator  from  Texas;  born  in 
Chester  district,  S.  C.,  December  18,  1803;  was 
graduated  from  Jefferson  college  in  1825;  located 
in  Sumter;  edited  a  nullification  paper,  1832-1833; 
moved  to  Texas,  and  for  many  years  chief  justice  of 
the  supreme  court  of  that  state;  elected  a  United 
States  Senator,  and  served  from  March  4,  1859, 
until  his  retirement  upon  the  secession  of  Texas, 
February  23,  1861;  deputy  in  the  provisional  con- 
gress of  the  Confederacy  in  Montgomery,  Ala.,  in 
February,  1861;  died  in  Richmond,  Va.,  January 
4,  1862. 

Hemphill,  John  James,  a  Representative  from 
South  Carolina;  born  in  Chester,  S.  C.,  August  25, 
1849;  attended  the  local  schools,  and  was  gradu- 
ated from  the  South  Carolina  university  in  1869; 
studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  the  fall  of 
1870,  and  practiced  in  Chester,  S.  C.;  defeated  as  a 
candidate  for  the  legislature  in  1874;  elected  in 
1876,  1878,  and  1880;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the 
Forty-eighth  and  to  the  four  succeeding  Congresses 
(March  4,  1883-March  3,  1893);  resumed  the  prac- 
tice of  law  in  Washington,  D.  C.,  and  died  there 
May  11,  1912. 

Hemphill,  Joseph,  a  Representative  from  Penn- 
sylvania; born  in  Thornbury  township,  Chester 
county,  Pa.,  January  7,  1770;  completed  a  prepara- 
tory course;  was  graduated  from  the  university  of 
Pennsylvania  in  1791;  studied  law,  was  admitted 
to  the  bar  in  1793,  and  began  practice  in  West 
Chester,  Pa.;  member  of  the  state  assembly  1797- 
1800;  elected  as -a  Federalist  to  the  Seventh  Con- 
gress (March  4, 1801-March  3, 1803);  moved  to  Phil- 
adelphia in  1803;  member  of  the  state  legislature  in 
1805;  appointed  the  first  president  judge  of  the  dis- 
trict court  of  the  city  and  county;  elected  to  the 
Sixteenth,  Seventeenth,  Eighteenth,  and  Nine- 
teenth Congresses,  and  served  from  March  4,  1819, 
until  his  resignation  in  1826;  elected  as  a  Jackson 
Democrat  to  the  Twenty-first  Congress  (March  4, 
1829-March  3,  1831);  member  of  the  state  house  of 
representatives  in  1831-1832;  died  in  Philadelphia, 
Pa.,  May  29,  1842. 

Hempstead,  Edward,  a  Delegate  from  Mis- 
souri; born  in  New  London,  Conn.,  June  3,  1780; 
pursued  academic  studies;  studied  law,  was  ad- 
mitted to  the  bar  in  1801,  and  commenced  practice 
in  Rhode  Island ;  moved  to  St.  Louis,  Mo.,  in  1805; 
attorney  general  of  the  territory  of  Upper  Lou- 
isiana 1809-1811;  elected  to  the  Twelfth  and  Thir- 
teenth Congresses  (March  4,  1811-March  3,  1815); 
speaker  of  the  territorial  assembly;  died  in  St. 
Louis,  Mo.,  August  10,  1817. 

Hemsley,  William,  a  Delegate  from  Maryland; 
sat  in  the  Continental  Congress,  1782-1784. 

Hendee,  George  Whitman,  a  Representative 
from  Vermont;  born  in  Stowe,  Vt.,  November  30, 


BIOGKAPHIES. 


719 


1832;  pursued  an  academic  course;  studied  law, 
was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  began  practice  in 
Morrisville,  Vt.;  prosecuting  attorney,  1858-1859; 
member  of  the  state  house  of  representatives,  1861- 
1862;  served  in  the  state  senate,  1867-1868;  lieuten- 
ant governor  of  Vermont  in  1869  and  governor  in 
1870;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Forty-third, 
Forty-fourth,  and  Forty-fifth  Congresses  (March  4, 
1873-March  3,  1879);  died  in  Morrisville,  Vt.,  De- 
cember 6,  1906. 

Henderson,  Archibald,  a  Representative  from 
North  Carolina;  born  in  Granville  county,  N.  C.. 
August  7,  1768;  attended  the  common  schools,  and 
was  graduated  from  the  Granville  county  academy; 
moved  to  Salisbury,  N.  C.,  about  1790;  studied  law, 
was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  began  practice  in  Salis- 
bury; master  of  equity  in  1879;  elected  as  a  Fed- 
eralist to  the  Sixth  and  Seventh  Congresses  (March 
4, 1799-March3, 1803);  member  of  the  house  of  com- 
mons of  North  Carolina,  1807-1808,  and  1819;  died 
in  Salisbury,  N.  C.,  October  21,  1822. 

Henderson,  Bennett  H.,  a  Representative 
from  Tennessee;  elected  to  the  Fourteenth  Con- 
gress (March  4,  1815-March  3,  1817). 

Henderson,  David  Bremner,  a  Representa- 
tive from  Iowa;  born  in  Old  Deer,  Scotland,  March 
14,  1840;  came  with  his  parents  to  Winnebago 
county,  111.,  in  1846,  and  removed  to  Fayette 
county,  Iowa,  in  1849;  attended  the  common 
schools  and  the  Upper  Iowa  university;  studied 
law,  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  the  fall  of  1865; 
enlisted  in  the  Union  army,  September  15,  1861, 
as  private  in  company  C,  twelfth  regiment  Iowa 
infantry  volunteers,  and  elected  and  commissioned 
first  lieutenant  of  that  company,  and  served  with 
it  until  discharged,  owing  to  the  loss  of  a  leg,  Feb- 
ruary 26,  1863;  commissioner  of  the  board  of  en- 
rollment of  the  third  district  of  Iowa  May,  1863- 
June,  1864;  entered  the  army  as  colonel  of  the 
forty-sixth  regiment  Iowa  infantry  volunteers,  and 
served  until  the  close  of  the  war;-  collector  of  inter- 
nal revenue  for  the  third  district  of  Iowa  from  No- 
vember, 3865,  until  June,  1869,  when  he  resigned; 
assistant  United  States  district  attorney  for  the 
northern  division  of  Iowa  about  two  years;  resigned 
in  1871 ;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Forty-eighth, 
and  to  the  nine  succeeding  Congresses  (March  4, 
1883-March  3,  1903);  Speaker  of  the  House  in  the 
Fifty-sixth  and  Fifty-seventh  Congresses;  renomi- 
nated  for  the  Fifty-eighth  Congress,  but  declined; 
died  in  Dubuque,  Iowa,  February  25,  1906. 

Henderson,  James  Pinckney,  a  Senator  from 
Texas;  born  in  Lincoln  county,  N.  C.,  March  31, 
1808;  pursued  academic  studies  in  Lincolnton, 
N .  C. ;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1829, 
and  began  practice  in  Mississippi  in  1835;  removed 
to  the  republic  of  Texas  in  1836;  appointed  by 
President  Houston  attorney  general,  and  afterwards 
secretary  of  state;  visited  Europe  as  the  diplo- 
matic representative  of  Texas,  and  in  1844  visited 
the  United  States  as  special  minister  to  negotiate 
annexation;  member  of  the  state  constitutional 
convention  of  1845;  governor  of  Texas  in  1846; 
served  in  the  Mexican  war,  and  received  a  vote  of 
thanks  and  a  sword  from  Congress  for  bravery  in 
action;  appointed  United  States  Senator  as  a  States 
Rights  Democrat,  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  the 
death  of  Thomas  J.  Rusk,  and  served  from  Novem- 
ber 9,  1857,  until  his  death,  in  Washington,  D.  C., 
June  4,  1858. 

Henderson,  John,  a  Senator  from  Mississippi; 
born  in  a  northern  state  in  1795;  pursued  an  aca- 


demic course;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the 
bar,  and  commenced  practice  in  Woodville,  Wilkin- 
son county,  Miss.,  in  1820;  brigadier  general  of 
militia;  served  in  the  state  legislature  in  1835; 
elected  a  United  States  Senator  as  a  Whig,  and 
served  from  March  4,  1839,  to  March  3,  1845;  prac- 
ticed in  New  Orleans;  in  1851  was  tried  in  the 
United  States  court  in  New  Orleans  for  violation  of 
the  neutrality  laws  of  1818  by  complicity  with  the 
Lopez  expedition  against  Cuba;  was  acquitted, 
and  retired  from  public  life;  died  in  Pass  Chris- 
tian, Miss.,  in  1857. 

Henderson,  John  Brooks,  a  Senator  from  Mis- 
souri; born  near  Danville,  Va.,  November  16,  1826; 
moved  to  Missouri  in  1836;  pursued  academic 
studies;  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1848,  and  practiced 
law;  a  member  of  the  state  legislature  1848-1856; 
presidential  elector  in  1856  and  1860  on  the  Demo- 
cratic ticket;  delegate  in  the  Charleston  conven- 
tion of  1860,  and  member  of  the  state  convention  in 
1861;  a  pronounced  Union  man;  served  in  the 
state  militia  in  1861;  appointed  and  subsequently 
elected  a  United  States  Senator  in  January,  1862,  to 
fill  vacancy  caused  by  the  expulsion  of  Trusten 
Polk,  reelected,  and  served  from  January  17,  1862, 
to  March  3,  1869;  a  commissioner  to  treat  with  hos- 
tile tribes  of  Indians  in  1867;  appointed  special 
United  States  district  attorney  in  1875,  and  was  re- 
moved from  office;  moved  to  Washington,  D.  C. 

Henderson,  John  H.  D.,  a  Representative  from 
Oregon;  born  near  Salem,  Ky.,  July  3,  1810;  moved 
to  Missouri  Territory  in  1817;  attended  the  public 
schools;  learned  the  art  of  printing;  entered  the 
ministry  and  was  pastor  in  Washington  county, 
Pa.,  1843-1851 ;  returned  to  Missouri;  in  1852  moved 
to  Oregon;  superintendent  of  public  schools  in 
Lane  county  in  1859;  elected  as  a  Republican  to 
the  Thirty-ninth  Congress  (March  4,  1865-March  3, 
1867). 

Henderson,  John  Steele,  a  Representative 
from  North  Carolina;  born  near  Salisbury,  Rowan 
county,  N.  C.,  January  6,  1846;  entered  the  Uni- 
versity of  North  Carolina  in  January,  1862,  and  left 
in  November,  1864,  to  enter  the  Confederate  army 
as  a  private  in  company  B,  tenth  regiment  North 
Carolina  state  troops;  after  the  war  studied  law, 
and  in  January,  1866,  entered  Judge  Pearson's  law 
school  at  Richmond  Hill,  N.  C.;  obtained  county 
court  license  in  June,  1866,  and  superior  court 
license  in  June,  1867;  appointed  in  June,  1866, 
register  of  deeds  for  Rowan  county,  and  re- 
signed in  September,  1868;  member  of  the  state 
constitutional  convention  in  1875;  member  of  the 
state  house  of  representatives  in  1876,  and  of  the 
state  senate  in  1878;  elected  by  the  general  assem- 
bly in  1881  one  of  the  three  commissioners  to  codify 
the  statute  laws  of  the  state;  elected  presiding 
justice  of  the  inferior  court  of  Rowan  county  in 
June,  1884;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Forty- 
ninth,  and  to  the  four  succeeding  Congresses  (March 
4,  1885-March  3,  1895);  resumed  the  practice  of 
law  in  Salisbury,  N.  C.;  elected  to  the  state  senate 
in  1900  and  1902;  member  of  the  board  of  aldermen 
in  1900. 

Henderson,  Joseph,  a  Representative  from 
Pennsylvania;  born  in  Shippensburg,  Cumberland 
county,  Pa.,  August  2,  1791;  went  with  his  parents 
to  Center  county,  Pa.,  in  1802;  attended  public 
schools,  and  was  graduated  from  the  Jefferson  med- 
ical college  in  1813;  was  commissioned  first  lieu- 
tenant of  the  twenty-second  regiment  Pennsyl- 
vania volunteers  in  the  spring  of  1813;  was  pro- 


720 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 


moted  captain  in  the  fall  of  the  same  year;  was 
brevetted  major,  and  given  command  of  a  regi- 
ment in  1814;  participated  in  the  battles  of  Chip- 
pewa,  Lundy's  Lane,  and  the  siege  of  Fort  Erie; 
located  in  Browns  Mills,  Pa.,  at  the  close  of  the 
war  and  practiced  medicine;  was  elected  to  the 
Twenty  -  third  and  Twenty  -  fourth  Congresses 
(March  4,  1833-March  3,  1837);  moved  to  Lewiston, 
Pa.,  in  1850,  and  continued  the  practice  of  medi- 
cine; died  in  Lewiston,  Pa.,  December  25,  1863. 

Henderson,  Samuel,  a  Representative  from 
Pennsylvania;  was  elected  in  the  Thirteenth  Con- 

fress,  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  the  resignation  of 
onathan  Roberts,  and  served  from  March  29,  1814, 
until  March  2,  1815. 

Henderson,  Thomas,  a  Delegate  and  a  Rep- 
resentative from  New  Jersey;  born  in  Freehold, 
N.  J.,  August  15,  1743;  pursued  classical  studies 
and  was  graduated  from  Princeton  college  in 
1761;  studied  medicine  and  became  a  member 
of  the  New  Jersey  medical  society;  also  studied 
law  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar;  appointed 
major  in  Col.  Stewart's  battalion  of  minute  men 
February  15,  1776;  major  of  Col.  Heard's  battalion 
June  14,  1776,  and  later  lieutenant  colonel  and 
brigade  major  at  Monmouth;  member  of  the  pro- 
vincial council  of  1777;  Delegate  to  the  Continental 
Congress  1779-80;  elected  to  the  Fourth  Congress 
(March  4,  1795-March  3,  1797);  after  retiring  from 
Congress  was  surrogate,  member  of  the  legislature, 
judge  of  common  pleas,  and  a  commissioner  to 
settle  boundaries  between  New  Jersey  and  Penn- 
sylvania; died  in  Freehold,  N.  J.,  December  15, 
1824. 

Henderson,  Thomas  Jefferson,  a  Represen- 
tative from  Illinois;  born  in  Brownsville,  Hay  wood 
county,  Tenn.,  November  29,  1824;  moved  to  Illi- 
nois at  the  age  of  11;  pursued  academic  studies; 
clerk  of  the  county  commissioners'  court  of  Stark 
county,  111.,  1847-1849;  clerk  of  the  county  court 
of  Stark  county,  1849-1853;  studied  law,  admitted 
to  the  bar  in  1852,  and  practiced;  member  of  the 
state  house  of  representatives  1855-1856,  and  the 
state  senate  1857-1860;  entered  the  Union  army  in 
1862  as  colonel  of  the  one  hundred  and  twelfth 
regiment  of  Illinois  volunteer  infantry;  served  until 
the  close  of  the  war  and  was  brevetted  brigadier- 
general  in  January,  1865,  for  gallant  services;  presi- 
dential elector  on  the  Republican  ticket  in  1868; 
appointed  collector  of  internal  revenue  for  the 
Fifth  district  of  Illinois  in  1871;  elected  to  the 
Forty-fourth  and  the  nine  succeeding  Congresses 
(March  4,  1875-March  3,  1895);  member  of  the 
board  of  managers  for  the  National  Home  for  dis- 
abled volunteer  soldiers;  died  in  Washington, 
D.  C.,  February  6,  1911. 

Hendrick,  John  Kerr,  a  Representative  from 
Kentucky;  born  in  Caswell  county,  N.  C.,  October 
10,  1849;  went  with  his  parents  to  Logan  and  Todd 
counties,  Ky.;  attended  the  private  school  and 
Bethel  college,  Russellville,  Ky. ;  moved  to  Critten- 
den  county,  Ky.,  in  1869,  and  engaged  in  school 
teaching;  studied  law  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar 
in  1874;  elected  county  attorney  of  Livingston 
county  in  1878  and  1882;  elected  to  the  state  senate 
in  1887;  in  1888  chosen  a  delegate  from  the  state 
at  large  to  the  Democratic  national  convention  in 
St.  Louis;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Fifty-fourth 
Congress  (March  4,  1895-March  3,  1897);  resumed 
the  practice  of  law  in  Paducah,  Ky. 


Hendricks,  Thomas  Andrews,  a  Representa- 
tive from  Indiana;  born  near  Zanesville,  Ohio,  Sep- 
tember 7,  1819;  moved  with  his  parents  to  Madison, 
Ind.,  then  to  Shelby  county  in  1832;  pursued 
classical  studies  and  was  graduated  from  South 
Hanover  college  in  1841;  studied  law  in  Chambers- 
burg,  Pa.,  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1843,  and  be- 
gan practice  in  Shelby ville,  Ind.;  state  representa- 
tive in  1848  and  a  state  senator  in  1849;  member  of 
the  state  constitutional  convention  of  1851;  elected 
as  a  Democrat  to  the  Thirty-second  and  Thirty- 
third  Congresses  (March  4,  1851-March  3,  1855); 
Commissioner  of  General  Land  Office  1855-1859; 
unsuccessful  Democratic  candidate  for  governor 
in  1860;  moved  to  Indianapolis  in  1860;  elected 
United  States  Senator,  and  served  from  March  4, 
1863,  to  March  3,  1869;  elected  governor  in  1872; 
defeated  for  Vice-President  on  the  Democratic 
ticket  in  1876;  elected  Vice- President  on  the 
Democratic  ticket  in  1884;  died  in  Indianapolis, 
Ind.,  November  25,  1885. 

Hendricks,  William,  a  Representative  and  a 
Senator  from  Indiana;  born  in  Westmoreland 
county,  Pa.,  November  12,  1782;  attended  the 
common  schools;  moved  to  Madison,  Ind.,  in  1814; 
secretary  of  the  first  state  constitutional  conven- 
tion; elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Fourteenth,  Fif- 
teenth, Sixteenth,  and  Seventeenth  Congresses 
and  served  from  March  4,  1815,  until  his  resigna- 
tion in  1822;  governor  of  Indiana  1822-1825;  elected 
United  States  Senator  from  Indiana;  reelected  in 
1831,  and  served  from  March  4,  1825,  to  March  3, 
1837;  died  in  Madison,  Ind.,  May  16,  1850. 

Hendrix,  Joseph  Clifford,  a  Representative 
from  New  York;  born  in  Fayette,  Howard  county, 
Mo.,  May  25,  1853;  attended  the  private  schools 
and  Central  college  in  his  native  place,  and  Cornell 
university,  Ithaca,  N.  \ .,  1870-1873;  moved  to 
New  York  City  in  1873,  and  until  1883  a  reporter, 
night  city  editor,  and  writer  on  New  York  Sun; 
moved  to  Brooklyn,  N.  Y.,  in  1873,  and  in  1882 
appointed  a  member  of  the  board  of  education;  in 
1883  defeated  Democratic  candidate  for  mayor; 
appointed  trustee  of  the  New  York  and  Brooklyn 
bridge  in  1884;  elected  secretary  of  the  board  of 
bridge  trustees  in  1885;  appointed  postmaster  of 
Brooklyn  by  President  Cleveland  in  1886,  and 
served  until  July  1,  1890;  elected  president  of  the 
board  of  education  of  Brooklyn  in  1887;  appointed 
rapid  transit  commissioner  in  1889,  but  declined 
the  office;  became  president  of  the  Kings  county 
trust  company  in  1889,  and  continued  as  such  until 
June  1,  1893,  when  he  became  president  of  the 
National  Union  Bank  of  New  York  City;  elected 
as  a  Democrat  to  the  Fifty-third  Congress  (March 
4,  1893-March  3,  1895);  died  in  New  York  City, 
November  9,  1904. 

Henkle,  Eli  Jones,  a  Representative  from 
Maryland;  born  in  Baltimore  county,  Md.,  Novem- 
ber 24,  1828;  completed  an  academic  course; 
studied  medicine,  and  was  graduated  from  the 
University  of  Maryland  in  1850;  trustee  and  also 
professor  of  anatomy,  physiology,  and  hygiene  in 
the  Maryland  agricultural  college;  elected  to  the 
house  of  delegates  in  1863;  member  of  the  state 
constitutional  convention  of  1864;  member  of  the 
state  senate  in  1867,  1868,  and  1870;  elected  to  the 
house  of  delegates  in  1871  and  1873;  delegate  to 
the  Democratic  national  convention  in  1872; 
elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Forty-fourth,  Forty- 
fifth,  and  Forty-sixth  Congresses  (March  4,  1875- 
March  3,  1881);  died  in  Baltimore, 'Md.,  Novem- 
ber 1,  1893. 


BIOGRAPHIES. 


721 


Henley,  Barclay,  a  Representative  from  Cali- 
fornia; born  in  Charlestown,  Clark  county,  Ind., 
March  17,  1845;  moved  to  California  in  1853; 
returned  to  Indiana;  attended  Hanover  college; 
returned  to  California;  studied  law  in  San  Francisco 
and  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1864;  district 
attorney  of  Sonoma  county;  member  of  the  state 
assembly;  nominated  presidential  elector  on  the 
Democratic  ticket  in  1876;  nominated  for  the  same 
position  in  1880  and  elected ;  elected  as  a  Democrat 
to  the  Forty-eighth  and  Forty-ninth  Congresses 
(March  4,  1883-March  3,  1887);  moved  from  Santa 
Rosa  to  San  Francisco,  Cal.,  and  is  engaged  in  the 
practice  of  law. 

Henley,  Thomas  Jefferson,  a  Representative 
from  Indiana;  born  in  Indiana  in  1810;  attended 
the  Indiana  state  university;  state  representative 
1832-1842,  and  speaker  of  the  house  one  term; 
elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Twenty-eighth, 
Twenty-ninth,  and  Thirtieth  Congresses  (March  4, 
1843,-March  3,  1849);  moved  to  California  in  1849, 
and  engaged  in  banking  in  Sacramento;  member 
of  the  first  state  legislature;  superintendent  of 
Indian  affairs  of  California  for  seven  years;  post- 
master of  San  Francisco. 

Henn,  Bernhart,  a  Representative  from  Iowa; 
born  in  New  York  in  1817;  attended  the  public 
schools;  moved  to  Fairfield,  Iowa;  appointed  reg- 
ister of  the  United  States  land  office  in  1845  by 
President  Polk;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the 
Thirty-second  and  Thirty-third  Congresses  (March 
4,  1851-March  3,  1855);  died  in  Fairfield,  Iowa, 
in  1865. 

Henry,  Charles  L.,  a  Representative  from 
Indiana;  born  in  Green  township,  Hancock  county, 
Ind.,  July  1,  1849;  moved  with  his  parents  to  Pen- 
die  ton,  Ind.;  attended  the  common  schools  and 
Asbury  (now  De  Pauw)  university,  in  Greencastle, 
Ind.;  studied  law  and  was  graduated  from  the  law 
department  of  the  Indiana  university,  in  Bloom- 
ington,  in  1872,  and  commenced  practice  in  Pen- 
dleton;  moved  to  Anderson,  Ind.,  in  1875;  state 
senator  in  1880, 1881,  and  1883;  elected  as  a  Repub- 
lican to  the  Fifty-fourth  and  Fifty-fifth  Congresses 
(March  4,  1895-March  3,  1899);  declined  a  renomi- 
nation;  president  and  general  manager  of  the  India- 
napolis and  Cincinnati  Traction  Co.,  and  is  a  resi- 
dent of  Indianapolis,  Ind. 

Henry,  Daniel  Maynadier,  a  Representative 
from  Maryland;  born  near  Cambridge,  Dorchester 
county,  Md.,  February  19,  1823;  attended  Cam- 
bridge academy  and  St.  John's  college,  Annapolis; 
studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1844,  and 

Practiced  in  Cambridge;  member  of  the  house  of 
elegates  in  1846  and  1849;  member  of  the  state 
senate  in  1869 ;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Forty- 
fifth  and  Forty-sixth  Congresses  (March  4,  1877- 
March  3,  1881);  resumed  the  practice  of  law;  died 
in  Cambridge,  Md.,  August  31,  1899. 

Henry,  Edward  Stevens,  a  Representative 
from  Connecticut;  born  in  Gill,  Mass.,  February  10, 
1836;  moved  in  1849  to  Rockville,  Conn.;  attended 
the  public  schools;  engaged  in  business;  filled 
numerous  local  offices,  serving  two  years  as  mayor; 
representative  to  the  lower  house  of  the  Connecti- 
cut general  assembly  of  1883;  state  senator  in  1887- 
1888;  delegate  at  large  to  the  Chicago  national 
Republican  convention  in  1888;  treasurer  of  the 
state  of  Connecticut  1889-1893 ;  elected  as  a  Repub- 
lican to  the  Fifty-fourth,  and  to  the  seven  succed- 

50346°— S.  Doc.  654,  61-2 46 


ing   Congresses   (March  4,    1895-March   3,    1911). 
Reelected  to  the  Sixty-second  Congress. 

Henry,  James,  a  Delegate  from  Virginia;  born 
in  Accomac  county,  Va.,  in  1731;  pursued  classical 
studies;  studied  law  at  the  university  in  Edinburgh, 
and  was  admitted  to  the  bar;  member  of  the  house 
of  burgesses;  Delegate  in  the  Continental  Congress 
1780-1781;  judge  of  the  court  of  admiralty  1782- 
1788;  judge  of  the  general  court  from  December  24, 
1788,  to  January,  1800,  when  he  resigned;  died  in 
Accomac  county,  Va.,  December  9,  1804. 

Henry,  John,  a  Representative  from  Illinois; 
elected  to  the  Twenty-ninth  Congress,  to  fill  va- 
cancy caused  by  the  resignation  of  Edward  D, 
Baker  and  served  from  February  5,  1847,  to  March 
3,  1847. 

Henry,  John,  a  Delegate  and  a  Senator  from 
Maryland;  born  in  Eastpn,  Md.,  in  November,  1750; 
pursued  classical  studies  and  was  graduated  from 
Princeton  college  in  1769;  studied  law,  was  admit- 
ted to  the  bar,  and  commenced  practice  in  Easton; 
Delegate  in  the  Continental  Congress  1778-1781 
and  1784-1787;  elected  to  the  United  States  Senate, 
and  served  from  March  4, 1789,  until  his  resignation, 
December  10,  1797;  governor  of  Maryland  1797- 
1798;  died  in  Easton,  Md.,  December  16,  1798. 

Henry,  John  Flournoy,  a  Representative  from 
Kentucky;  born  in  Scott  county,  Ky.,  January  17, 
1793;  attended  Georgetown  academy,  Ky.;  Jef- 
ferson medical  college,  Philadelphia;  and  was 
graduated  from  the  College  of  Physicians  and  Sur- 
geons in  1817 ;  served  at  Fort  Meigs  in  1813  as  sur- 
geon's mate  of  Kentucky  troops;  devoted  himself  to 
farming  and  to  the  practice  of  medicine;  elected  to 
the  Nineteenth  Congress  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by 
the  death  of  Robert  P.  Henry,  and  served  from  De- 
cember 11,  1826,  to  March  3,  1827;  in  1831  became 
professor  in  the  medical  college  of  Ohio  in  Cincin- 
nati; moved  to  Bloomington,  111.,  in  1834,  and  prac- 
ticed; moved  to  Burlington,  Iowa,  in  1845,  and  con- 
tinued to  practice;  died  in  Burlington,  Iowa,  No- 
vember 12,  1873. 

Henry,  Patrick,  a  Delegate  from  Virginia;  born 
in  Studley,  Hanover  county,  Va.,  May  29,  1736; 
pursued  classical  studies;  engaged  unsuccessfully 
in  mercantile  pursuits;  studied  law,  and  admitted 
to  the  bar  in  1760;  moved  to  Louisa  county  in  1764; 
member  of  the  colonial  house  of  burgesses  in  1765' 
was  foremost  in  the  movement  to  call  a  Continental 
Congress,  and  was  Delegate  in  the  Continental 
Congress  1774-1776;  colonel  of  the  first  Virginia 
regiment  for  a  few  months;  governor  of  Virginia 
1776-1779  and  1784-1786;  member  of  the  state  con- 
vention which  ratified  the  Federal  Constitution  in 
1788;  declined  the  appointment  of  United  States 
Senator,  tendered  by  Governor  Lee  in  1794,  and 
the  cabinet  portfolio  of  Secretary  of  State  offered 
by  President  Washington  in  1795.  He  also  de- 
clined the  appointment  of  chief  justice  of  the 
supreme  court  and  that  of  minister  to  France 
offered  by  President  John  Adams;  elected  to  the 
state  senate  in  1799,  but  did  not  take  the  seat; 
died  in  Red  Hill,  Charlotte  county,  Va.,  June  6, 
1799. 

Henry,  Patrick,  a  Representative  from  Missis- 
sippi; born  in  Madison  county,  Miss.,  February  12, 
1843;  entered  Mississippi  college  in  Clinton;  after- 
wards Madison  college,  in  Sharon,  and  when  the 
war  commenced  was  at  the  Nashville  (Tenn.)  mili- 
tary college;  in  1861  enlisted  in  the  Confederate 


722 


CONGRESSIONAL   DIRECTORY. 


service  in  the  sixth  Mississippi  infantry  regiment; 
served  through  the  war,  and  surrendered  at  Greens- 
boro, N.  C.,  April  26,  1865,  as  major  of  the  four- 
teenth (consolidated)  Mississippi  regiment;  en- 
gaged in  farming  until  1873  in  Hinds  and  Rankin 
counties;  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced 
the  practice  of  law  in  Brandon,  Miss. ;  member  of 
the  legislature  in  1878  and  1890,  and  delegate  from 
the  state  at  large  to  the  constitutional  convention  in 
1890;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Fifty-fifth,  Fifty- 
sixth,  and  Fifty-seventh  Congresses  (March  4, 1897- 
March  3,  1903);  resumed  the  practice  of  law,  and  is 
a  resident  of  Brandon,  Miss. 

Henry,  Patrick,  a  Representative  from  Missis- 
sippi ;  born  in  Arkansas  February  15, 1861 ;  attended 
the  public  schools  and  spent  two  years  in  college; 
studied  law,  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1884 ; 
eight  years  attorney  of  the  ninth  judicial  district, 
and  was  beginning  to  serve  his  third  term  of  four 
years  when  appointed  judge  of  the  same  district  by 
the  governor,  February,  1900,  which  he  resigned 
to  take  his  seat  in  Congress;  elected  as  a  Democrat 
to  the  Fifty-seventh  Congress  (March  4,  1901- 
March  3,  1903). 

Henry,  Robert  Lee,  a  Representative  from 
Texas;  born  in  Linden,  Cass  county,  Tex.,  May  12, 
1864;  located  in  McLennan  county  in  1878;  was 
graduated  from  the  southwestern  university  of 
Texas  in  June,  1885;  read  law,  and  in  January, 
1886,  was  admitted  to  the  bar;  practiced  for  a  short 
time,  and  then  took  a  course  at  the  University  of 
Texas,  and  was  graduated  with  the  degree  of  B.  L. 
in  1887;  elected  mayor  of  Texarkana  in  1890; 
resigned  this  position  to  accept  the  office  of  assistant 
attorney  general;  moved  temporarily  to  Austin, 
and  served  for  nearly  eighteen  months;  appointed 
assistant  attorney  general  October  3,  1893,  and  held 
the  position  for  nearly  three  years;  located  in  Waco, 
Tex.,  and  practiced  law;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to 
the  Fifty-fifth,  and  to  the  six  succeeding  Congresses 
(March  4,  1897-March  3,  1911).  Reekcted  to  the 
Sixty-second  Congress. 

Henry,  Robert  Pryor,  a  Representative  from 
Kentucky;  born  in  Henry's  Mills,  Scott  county, 
Ky.,  November  24,  1788;  pursued  classical  studies, 
and  was  graduated  from  Transylvania  college; 
studied  law,  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1809; 
prosecuting  attorney ;  served  in  the  War  of  1812 ; 
moved  to  Hopkins  ville;  elected  as  a  Clay  Democrat 
to  the  Eighteenth  and  Nineteenth  Congresses 
and  served  from  March  4,  1823,  until  his  death,  in 
Hopkinsville,  Ky.,  August  25,  1826. 

Henry,  Thomas,  a  Representative  from  Penn- 
sylvania; born  in  county  Down,  Ireland,  in  1779; 
emigrated  to  America  and  located  in  Beaver,  Pa., 
in  1798;  appointed  justice  of  the  peace  by  Gov- 
ernor Snyder,  December  24,  1808;  elected  county 
commissioner  in  1810;  captain  of  a  company  that 
went  from  Beaver  to  help  defend  the  northern 
frontier  from  a  threatened  British  invasion  in  1814; 
elected  a  member  of  the  state  legislature  in  1815; 
appointed  prothonptory  and  clerk  of  courts  1816- 
1821;  elected  sheriff  of  the  county  in  1821;  pro- 
prietor and  editor  of  the  Western  Argus  1821-1831; 
treasurer  of  the  county  1828-1829;  elected  as  a 
Whig  to  the  Twenty-sixth  and  Twenty-seventh 
Congresses  (March  4,  1839-March  3,  1843);  pub- 
lisher of  the  Western  Argus  1825-1831;  died  in 
Beaver,  Pa.,  July  20,  1849. 

Henry,  William,  a  Delegate  from  Pennsylvania; 
born  in  Chester  county,  Pa.,  May  19,  1729;  justice 


of  the  court  of  common  pleas  of  Lancaster  county 
1770,  1773,  and  1777;  canal  commissioner  of  Penn- 
sylvania 1771;  member  of  the  state  assembly  1776; 
assistant  commissary  general,  with  the  rank  of 
colonel,  for  the  district  of  Lancaster,  Pa.,  during 
the  whole  period  of  the  Revolutionary  war;  mem- 
ber of  the  council  of  safety  1777;  treasurer  of  Lan- 
caster county  1777-1785;  president  judge  of  the 
court  of  common  pleas  1780;  inventor  of  the  screw 
augur,  and  the  first  to  suggest  steam  as  a  motive 
power;  first  gave  encouragement  and  patronage  to 
Benjamin  West,  the  American  painter;  Delegate 
in  the  Continental  Congress  1784-1786;  died  in  Lan- 
caster, Pa.,  December  15,  1786. 

Henry,  William,  a  Representative  from  Ver- 
mont; born  in  Charlestown,  N.  H.,  March  22,  1788; 
attended  the  public  schools;  engaged  in  business 
in  Chester,  Vt.;  engaged  in  the  manufacturing 
business  in  Vermont  and  New  York,  and  in 
Jaffery,  N.  H.;  moved  to  Bellows  Falls,  Vt.,  in 
1831;  engaged  in  the  banking  business;  member  of 
the  state  legislature  in  1834,  1835,  and  1836;  served 
in  the  first  senate;  director  of  the  Rutland  and 
Burlington  railroad  company;  delegate  to  the  first 
Whig  national  convention  at  Harrisburg,  Pa.,  in 
1839;  presidential  elector  on  the  Whig  ticket  in 
1840;  elected  as  a  Whig  to  the  Thirtieth  and 
Thirty-first  Congresses  (March  4,  1847-March  3, 
1851);  presidential  elector  on  the  Lincoln  and 
Hamlin  ticket  in  1860;  died  in  Chester,  Pa., 
April  16,  1861. 

Henry,  Winder  Laird,  a  Representative  from 
Maryland;  born  near  Cambridge,  Md.,  December 
20,  1864;  attended  the  public  schools;  after  a  few 
years  in  mercantile  life  he  purchased  an  interest 
in  and  became  editor  of  the  Cambridge  Chronicle; 
elected  to  the  Fifty-third  Congress,  to  fill  vacancy 
caused  by  the  death  of  Robert  F.  Bratton,  and 
served  from  December  3,  1894,  to  March  3,1895; 
resumed  newspaper  work  until  1898;  studied  law, 
was  admitted  to  the  bar  of  Dorchester  county,  and 
engaged  in  practice  in  Cambridge;  chief  judge  first 
judicial  circuit  in  April,  1908,  and  served  until 
October  1,  1909;  resumed  the  practice  of  law  in 
Camb ridge,  Md. 

Hepburn,  William  Peters,  a  Representative 
from  Iowa;  born  in  Wellsville,  Columbiana  county, 
Ohio,  November  4,  1833;  went  with  his  parents  to 
Iowa  in  April,  1841;  attended  the  schools  of  the 
Territory  and  served  an  apprenticeship  in  a  print- 
ing office;  studied  law  and  was  admitted  to  prac- 
tice in  1854;  located  in  Marshall  county  in  Feb- 
ruary, 1856;  elected  prosecuting  attorney  of  Mar- 
shall county  in  August,  1856;  elected  clerk  of  the 
house  of  representatives  at  the  first  session  that 
convened  in  Des  Moines  in  January,  1858 ;  in  Octo- 
ber of  that  year  elected  district  attorney  of  the 
eleventh  judicial  district;  delegate  in  the  Repub- 
lican national  convention  of  1860;  in  August,  1861, 
resigned  the  position  of  district  attorney  and  be- 
came a  member  of  the  second  Iowa  cavalry;  served 
as  captain,  major,  and  lieutenant  colonel;  resident 
of  Memphis,  Tenn.,  during  the  two  years  following 
the  war;  moved  to  Clarinda,  Iowa,  in  June,  1867; 
engaged  in  the  practice  of  his  profession  until  1881; 
an  elector  at  large  on  the  Republican  ticket  in  1876 
and  1888 ;  member  of  the  Republican  national  con- 
ventions of  1888  and  1896;  served  as  Solicitor  of  the 
Treasury  during  the  administration  of  President 
Benjamin  Harrison-;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the 
Forty -seventh,  Forty-eighth,  and  Forty -ninth  Con- 
gresses (March  4, 1881-March  3, 1887);  and  reelected 


BIOGRAPHIES. 


723 


to  the  Fifty-third  and  to  the  seven  succeeding  Con- 
gresses (March  4,  1893-March  3,  1909);  defeated  for 
reelection  to  the  Sixty -first  Congress;  a  resident  of 
Washington,  D.  C. 

Herbert,  Hilary  Abner,  a  Representative 
from  Alabama;  born  in  Laurensville,  S.  C.,  March 
12, 1834;  moved  to  Greenville,  Butler  county,  Ala., 
in  1846;  attended  the  University  of  Alabama  in 
1853-1854  and  the  University  of  Virginia  in  1855- 
1856;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and 
practiced  in  Greenville;  entered  the  Confederate 
service  as  captain;  promoted  to  the  colonelcy  of 
the  eighth  Alabama  volunteers;  disabled  at  the 
battle  of  the  Wilderness,  May  6,  1864;  resumed 
the  practice  of  law  in  Greenville,  Ala.,  until  1872, 
when  he  moved  to  Montgomery,  Ala.;  elected  as  a 
Democrat  to  the  Forty-fifth,  and  to  the  seven  suc- 
ceeding Congresses  (March  4,  1877-March  3,  1893); 
Secretary  of  the  Navy  1893-1897;  located  in  Wash- 
ington, D.  C.,  and  practiced  law. 

Herbert,  John  C.,  a  Representative  from 
Maryland;  native  of  that  state;  elected  to  the 
Fourteenth  and  Fifteenth  Congresses  (March  4,. 
1815-March  3,  1819). 

Herbert,  Philemon  T.,  a  Representative  from 
California;  native  of  Alabama;  moved  to  Mariposa 
City,  Cal.;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Thirty- 
fourth  Congress  (March  4,  1855-March  3,  1857). 

Hereford,  Frank,  a  Representative  and  a  Sena- 
tor from  West  Virginia;  born  in  Fauquier  county, 
Va.,  July  4,  1825;  completed  preparatory  studies; 
studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar  and  practiced; 
moved  to  California  and  was  district  attorney  of 
Sacramento  county  from  October,  1855,  to  October, 
1857;  removed  to  West  Virginia  and  was  presiden- 
tial elector  on  the  Democratic  ticket  in  1868; 
elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Forty -second,  Forty- 
third,  and  Forty-fourth  Congresses,  and  served 
from  March  4,  1871,  until  January  31,  1877,  when 
he  resigned;  elected  to  the  United  States  Senate, 
to  fill  the  vacancy  caused  by  the  death  of  Allen 
Taylor  Caperton,  and  served  from  January  26, 
1877,  to  March  3,  1881;  after  leaving  Congress  he 
resumed  the  practice  of  law;  died  in  Union,  Monroe 
county,  W.  Va.,  December  21,  1891. 

HerkLmer,  John,  a  Representative  from  New 
York;  born  in  Montgomery  (then  Tryon)  county, 
N.  Y.,  in  1773;  attended  the  public  schools;  mem- 
ber of  the  state  house  of  representatives  in  1800, 
1804  and  1806;  member  of  the  state  constitutional 
convention  of  1801;  moved  to  Danube,  Herkimer 
county,  N.  Y.;  major  in  the  War  of  1812  and 
commanded  a  battalion  of  New  York  volunteers 
in  the  defense  of  Sacketts  Harbor,  May  29,  1813; 
judge  of  the  circuit  court  for  several  years;  elected 
as  a  Democrat  to  the  Fifteenth  Congress  (March  4, 
1817-March  3,  1819);  moved  to  Meriden,  N.  Y.; 
elected  to  the  Eighteenth  Congress  (March  4,  1823- 
March  3, 1825);  returned  to  Danube,  where  he  died 
June  8,  1848. 

Hermann,  Binger,  a  Representative  from  Ore- 
gon; born  in  Lonaconing,  Allegany  county,  Md., 
February  19,  1843;  attended  rural  schools  and  the 
Independent  academy  (afterwards  Irving  college), 
near  Baltimore,  Md.;  moved  to  Oregon,  where  he 
taught  country  schools,  studied  law,  and  was  admit- 
ted to  practice  in  1866;  elected  to  the  state  legis- 
lature, lower  house,  in  1866;  state  senator  in  1868; 
deputy  collector  of  internal  revenue  for  southern 
Oregon,  1868-1871;  receiver  of  public  moneys  at 


the  United  States  land  office  in  Roseberg,  Oreg., 
1871-1873;  on  the  27th  of  March,  1897,  was  ap- 
pointed by  President  McKinley  and  confirmed 
Commissioner  of  the  General  Land  Office,  served 
until  February  1,  1903,  when  he  resigned;  elected 
to  the  Forty-ninth  and  to  the  five  succeeding 
Congresses  (March  4,  1885-March  3,  1897);  and  to 
the  Fifty-eighth  Congress,  to  fill  vacancy  caused 
by  the  death  of  Thomas  H.  Tongue;  reelected  to 
the  Fifty-ninth  Congress,  and  served  from  Novem- 
ber 9,  1903,  to  March  3,  1907;  resumed  the  practice 
of  law,  and  is  a  resident  of  Roseburg,  Oreg. 

Hernandez,  Joseph  Marion,  a  Delegate  from 
Florida  Territory;  native  of  St.  Augustine,  Fla.  (a 
Spanish  colony);  transferred  allegiance  to  the 
United  States;  elected  a  first  Delegate  to  the  Sev- 
enteenth Congress,  and  served  from  January  3, 
1823,  to  March  3,  1825;  member  and  presiding  offi- 
cer of  the  territorial  house  of  representatives;  ap- 
pointed brigadier  general  of  volunteers  in  the  war 
against  the  Florida  Indians;  entered  the  United 
States  service,  and  served  from  1835  to  1838 ;  com- 
manded the  expedition  in  1837  that  captured  the 
Indian  chief  Osceola;  appointed  brigadier  general 
of  mounted  volunteers  in  July,  1837;  died  near 
Matanzas,  Cuba,  June  8,  1857. 

Herndon,  Thomas  H.,  a  Representative  from 
Alabama;  born  in  Greene  (now  Hale),  county,  Ala., 
July  1,  1828;  was  graduated  from  the  University  of 
Alabama;  attended  the  law  school  of  Harvard, 
Cambridge,  Mass.;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  and 
practiced;  member  of  the  legislature  1857-1858; 
trustee  of  the  University  of  Alabama  1858-1859; 
member  of  the  state  secession  convention  in  1861; 
major,  lieutenant  colonel,  and  colonel  in  the  Con- 
federate army;  wounded  twice  in  battle,  and  par- 
oled May  13,  1865;  Democratic  candidate  for  gov- 
ernor of  Alabama  in  1872;  member  of  the  constitu- 
tional convention  of  1875;  member  of  the  state  leg- 
islature 1876-1877;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the 
Forty-sixth,  Forty -seventh,  and  Forty-eighth  Con- 
gresses (March  4,  1879-March  3, 1885);  died  March 
28,  1883. 

Herndon,  William  Smith,  a  Representative 
from  Texas;  born  in  Rome,  Ga.,  November  27, 1835; 
moved  to  Wood  county,  Tex.,  in  May,  1852;  at- 
tended McKenzie  college,  Texas;  studied  law,  was 
admitted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced  practice  in 
1860;  served  in  the  Confederate  army  1861-1865; 
and  attained  the  rank  of  captain;  resumed  practice 
in  Tyler,  Smith  county;  elected  as  a  Democrat 
tor  the  Forty-second  and  Forty-third  Congresses 
(March  4,  1871-March  3,  1875);  resumed  the  prac- 
tice of  law;  died  in  Albuquerque,  N.  Mex.,  October 
11,  1903;  interment  in  Tyler,  Tex. 

Herod,  William,  a  Representative  from  Indiana; 
completed  preparatory  studies;  studied  law,  was 
admitted  to  the  bar,  and  began  practice  in  Colum- 
bus, Ind.;  member  of  the  state  senate;  elected  as  a 
Whig  to  the  Twenty-fourth  Congress,  to  fill  vacancy 
caused  by  the  death  of  George  L.  Kinnard;  re- 
elected  to  the  Twenty-fifth  Congress  and  served 
from  January  25,  1837,  to  March  3,  1839;  defeated 
for  reelection  to  the  Twenty-sixth  Congress. 

Herrick,  Anson,  a  Representative  from  New 
York;  born  in  Lewiston,  Me.,  January  21,  1812;  at- 
tended the  public  schools;  became  a  printer;  estab- 
lished The  Citizen  at  Wiscasset,  Me.,  in  1833; 
moved  to  New  York  City  in  1836;  established  the 
New  York  Atlas  in  1838,  which  he  continued  until 
his  death;  city  alderman  1854-1856;  naval  store- 


724 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 


keeper  for  the  port  of  New  York  1857-1861;  elected 
as  a  Democrat  to  the  Thirty-eighth  Congress  (March 
4,  1863-March  3,  1865);  delegate  to  the  national 
Union  convention  in  Philadelphia  in  1866;  died  in 
New  York  City,  February  5,  1868. 

Herrick,  Ebenezer,  a  Representative  from 
Maine;  born  in  Lincoln  county,  Me.,  October  21, 
1785;  attended  the  public  schools;  secretary  of  the 
state  senate  in  1820;  member  of  the  state  constitu- 
tional convention  of  the  same  year;  elected  to  the 
Seventeenth,  Eighteenth,  and  Nineteenth  Con- 
gresses (March  4,  1821-March  3,  1827);  state  senator 
in  1828-1829;  died  in  Lewiston,  Me.,  May  7,  1839. 

Herrick,  Joshua,  a  Representative  from  Maine; 
born  in  Beverly,  Mass.,  March  18,  1793;  attended 
the  public  schools;  moved  to  the  district  of  Maine 
in  1811  and  engaged  in  the  lumber  business; 
served  in  the  war  o  f  1812;  moved  to  Brunswick, 
Me.,  and  became  connected  with  the  first  cotton 
factory  in  Maine;  deputy  sheriff  of  Cumberland 
county  for  many  years;  deputy  collector  and  in- 
spector of  customs  at  Kennebunkport  1829-1841; 
county  commissioner  of  York  county  1842-1843; 
elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Twenty-eighth  Con- 
gress (March  4,  1843-March  3,  1845);  again  deputy 
collector  at  Kennebunkport  1847-1849;  register  of 
probate  of  York  county  1849-1855;  died  in  Alfred, 
Me.,  August  30,  1874. 

Herrick,  Richard  P.,  a  Representative  from 
New  York;  born  in  Rensselaer  county,  N.  Y.,  in 
1791 ;  member  of  the  state  house  of  representatives 
in  1839;  elected  as  a  Whig  to  the  Twenty-ninth  Con- 
gress and  served  from  March  4, 1845,  until  his  death 
in  Washington,  D.  C.,  June  20,  1846. 

Herrick,  Samuel,  a  Representative  from  Ohio; 
born  in  Amenia,  Dutchess i  county,  N.  Y.,  April  14, 
1779;  pursued  an  academic  course;  studied  law  in 
Carlisle,  Pa.,  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1805; 
moved  to  Zanesville,  Ohio,  in  1810;  held  several 
local  offices;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Fifteenth 
and  Sixteenth  Congresses  (March  4,  1817-March  3, 
1821);  presidential  elector  on  the  Jackson  and  Cal- 
houn  ticket  in  1828;  appointed  United  States  dis- 
trict attorney  for  Ohio  in  1829;  died  in  Zanesville, 
Ohio,  June  4,  1852. 

Hersey,  Samuel  Freeman,  a  Representative 
from  Maine;  born  in  Sumner,  Me.,  April  12,  1812; 
was  graduated  from  Hebron  academy  in  1831;  en- 
gaged in  banking  and  the  lumber  business  in 
Maine,  Minnesota,  and  Wisconsin;  member  of  the 
state  legislature  of  Maine  in  1842,  1857,  1865,  1867, 
and  1869,  and  of  the  executive  council  in  1851  and 
1852;  delegate  to  the  Republican  convention  in 
Chicago  in  1860  and  in  Baltimore  in  1864;  elected 
as  a  Republican  to  the  Forty-third  Congress  and 
served  from  March  4,  1873,  until  his  death  in  Ban- 
gor,  Me.,  February  3,  1875. 

Hewes,  Joseph,  a  Delegate  from  North  Caro- 
lina; born  in  Kingston,  N.  J.,  in  1730;  pursued 
classical  studies  and  was  graduated  from  Princeton 
college;  engaged  in  business  in  Philadelphia  for  a 
time,  then  located  in  Wilmington,  N.  C.,  and  en- 
gaged in  mercantile  pursuits;  moved  to  Edenton, 
N.  C.,  in  1763;  member  of  the  house  of  commons  of 
North  Carolina,  1774-1776;  delegate  in  the  Conti- 
nental Congress  1774,  1777,  and  1779,  and  served 
until  his  death.  He  was  a  member  of  the  com- 
mittee to  report  upon  the  rights  of  the  colonies,  and 
was  a  signer  of  the  Declaration  of  Independence; 
died  in  Philadlephia,  Pa.,  November  10,  1779. 


Hewitt,  Abram  Stevens,  a  Representative 
from  New  York;  born  in  Haverstraw,  N.  Y.,  July 
31,  1822;  attended  the  public  schools  of  New  York 
City,  and  was  graduated  from  Columbia  college  in 
1842;  studied  law,  and  was  admitted  to  practice  in 
October,  1845;  his  eyesight  failing,  he  engaged  in 
the  iron  business  with  Peter  Cooper;  and  estab- 
lished works  in  New  Jersey  and  Pennsylvania;  ap- 
pointed one  of  the  ten  United  States  scientific  com- 
missioners to  visit  the  French  exposition  univer- 
selle  of  1867,  and  made  a  report  on  iron  and  steel, 
which  was  published  by  Congress;  organized  and 
managed  the  Cooper  Union  for  the  advancement  of 
science  and  art;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the 
Forty-fourth  and  Forty-fifth  Congresses  (March  4, 
1875-March  3, 1879) ;  reelected  to  the  Forty-seventh, 
Forty-eighth,  and  Forty-ninth  Congresses  (March 
4,  1881-March  3,  1887);  resigned  December  30, 
1886;  mayor  of  New  York  City,  1887-1888;  died  in 
New  York  City,  January  18,  1903. 

Hewitt,  Goldsmith  Whitehouse,  a  Represent- 
ative from  Alabama;  born  in  Jefferson  county, 
Ala.,  February,  14,  1834;  studied  law  and  was  ad- 
mitted to  the  bar  in  1856;  entered  the  Confederate 
army  in  June,  1861,  as  a  private;  promoted  captain 
in  1862,  and  severely  wounded  at  Chickamauga; 
member  of  the  state  house  of  representatives  1870- 
1871;  state  senator  in  1872,  and  resigned  in  1874; 
elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Forty-fourth,  and 
Forty-fifth  Congresses  (March  4,  1875-March  3, 
1879);  and  to  the  Forty-seventh  and  Forty-eighth 
Congresses  (March  4,  1881-March  3,  1885);  died  in 
Birmingham,  Ala.,  May  27,  1895. 

Heyburn,  Weldon  Brinton,  a  Senator  from 
Idaho;  born  in  Delaware  county,  Pa.,  May  23, 1852; 
received  an  academic  training;  studied  law,  was  ad- 
mitted to  the  bar  in  1876,  and  began  practice  in 
Pennsylvania;  in  the  winter  of  1883  moved  to  Sho- 
shone  county,  Idaho,  and  practiced  law  in  Wallace; 
was  a  member  of  the  convention  that  framed  the 
constitution  of  the  state  of  Idaho  in  1889;  delegate 
in  the  Republican  national  conventions  of  1888, 
1892,  1900,  and  1904;  national  committeeman  for 
Idaho  1904-1908;  nominee  of  the  Republican  party 
of  Idaho  for  Congress  in  1898,  and  defeated ;  elected 
as  a  Republican  to  the  United  States  Senate;  re- 
elected,  and  served  from  March  4,  1903,  until  his 
death,  in  Washington,  D.  C.,  October  17,  1912. 

Heyward,  Thomas,  jr.,  a  Delegate  from  South 
Carolina;  born  in  St.  Luke  parish,  S.  C.,  in  1746; 
pursued  academic  studies;  studied  law  in  the 
Temple  at  London;  returned  to  his  native  state  and 
established  himself  in  the  practice  of  law;  member 
of  the  colonial  assembly  of  South  Carolina;  Dele- 
gate in  the  Continental  Congress  1776-1778;  signer 
of  the  Declaration  of  Independence;  served  in  the 
Revolutionary  war  as  captain;  taken  prisoner  at  the 
capture  of  Charleston,  May  12,  1780,  and  was  a 
prisoner  at  St.  Augustine  one  year;  member  of  the 
state  constitutional  convention  in  1790;  judge  of 
the  civil  and  criminal  courts  both  before  and  after 
the  war;  died  on  his  plantation  in  the  parish  of  St. 
Luke,  S.  C.,  March  6,  1809. 

Heyward,  William,  a  Representative  from 
Maryland;  pursued  classical  studies;  was  graduated 
from  Princeton  college  in  1808;  elected  to  the 
Eighteenth  Congress  (March  4,  1823-March  3, 

1825). 

Hibbard,  Ellery  Albee,  a  Representative  from 
New  Hampshire;  born  in  St.  Johnsbury,  Vt.,  July 
31,  1826;  pursued  academic  studies;  studied  law 


BIOGRAPHIES. 


725 


in  Haverhill  and  Exeter,  N.  H.,  was  admitted  to 
the  bar  in  July,  1849,  and  practiced  in  Plymouth, 
N.  H.,  until  1853,  and  subsequently  in  Laconia; 
clerk  of  the  New  Hampshire  house  of  representa- 
tives 1852-1854,  and  amember  in  1865-1866;  elected 
as  a  Democrat  to  the  Forty-second  Congress  (March 
4,  1871-March  3,  1873);  judge  of  the  supreme  court 
of  New  Hampshire  in  March,  1873;  retired  in  1874. 
and  declined  a  reappointment  under  the  revised 
judiciary  system;  died  in  Laconia,  N.  H.,  July  24, 
1903. 

Hibbard,  Harry,  a  Representative  from  New 
Hampshire;  born  in  Concord,  Vt.,  July  1,  1816; 
pursued  classical  studies  and  was  graduated  from 
Dartmouth  college  in  1835;  studied  law,  was  ad- 
mitted to  the  bar  in  1839,  and  commenced  practice 
in  Bath,  N.  H.;  clerk  of  the  state  house  of  repre- 
sentatives 1840-1843;  member  and  speaker  1844- 
1845;  state  senator  1846-1849;  elected  as  a  Democrat 
to  the  Thirty-first,  Thirty-second,  and  Thirty-third 
Congresses  (March  4,  1849-March  3,  1855);  died 
Somersville,  N.  H.,  July  27,  1872. 

Hibshman,  Jacob,  a  Representative  from 
Pennsylvania;  a  native  of  Lancaster,  Pa. ;  attended 
the  common  schools;  held  several  local  offices; 
elected  to  the  Sixteenth  Congress  (March  4,  1819- 
March  3,  1821). 

Hickman,  John,  a  Representative  from  Penn- 
sylvania; born  in  Chester  county,  Pa.,  September 
11,  1810;  pursued  English  and  classical  studies 
under  private  tutors;  started  the  study  of  medicine, 
but  abandoned  it  for  the  study  of  law;  was  admitted 
to  the  bar  in  1832  and  began  practice  in  West 
Chester;  delegate  to  the  Democratic  convention  in 
Baltimore  in  1844;  district  attorney  for  Chester 
county  1844-1845;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the 
Thirty -fourth  and  Thirty-fifth  Congresses,  as  a 
Douglas  Democrat  to  the  Thirty-sixth  Congress,  and 
as  a  Republican  to  the  Thirty-seventh  Congress 
(March  4,  1855-March  3,  1863);  state  representative 
in  1869;  died  in  West  Chester,  Pa.,  March  23,  1875. 

Hicks,  Josiah  Duane,  a  Representative  from 
Pennsylvania;  born  in  Chester  county,  Pa.,  August 

1,  1844;  moved  to  Blair  county  in  1847;  attended 
the  common  schools  of  Blair  and  Huntingdon  coun- 
ties; moved  to  Altoona,  Pa.,  in  the  spring  of  1861, 
and  enlisted  in  the  Union  Army  as  a  private  in 
1862,  and  served  nearly  eighteen  months;  admitted 
to  practice  law  in  1875;  elected  district  attorney  of 
Blair  county  in  1880,  and  in  1883  reelected ;  elected 
as  a  Republican  to  the  Fifty -third,  Fifty-fourth  and 
Fifty-fifth   Congresses   (March  4,    1893 -March  3, 
1899);  resumed  the  practice  of  law  in  Altoona,  Pa. 

Hicks,  Thomas  Holliday,  a  Senator  from  Mary- 
land; born  in  Dorchester  county,  Md.,  September 

2,  1798;  attended  the  public  schools;  sheriff  of 
Dorchester  county  in  1831 ;  state  representative  in 
1836;  register  of  wills  in  1838,  and  held  the  office  a 
number  of  years;  member  of  the  Maryland  consti- 
tutional convention  in  1849;  governor  of  Maryland 
1858-1862;  took  a  firm  stand  against  secession; 
appointed  United  States  Senator  from  Maryland  as 
a  Republican,  to  fill  the  vacancy  caused  by  the 
death  of  James  A .  Pearce ;  subsequently  elected  and 
served  from  December  29,  1862,  until  his  death  in 
Washington,  D.  C.,  February  13,  1865. 

Hiestand,  John  Andrew,  a  Representative 
from  Pennsylvania;  born  in  East  Donegal  township, 
Lancaster  county,  Pa.,  October  2,  1824;  attended 
common  schools  and  an  academy,  and  Pennsyl- 


vania college,  Gettysburg;  studied  law  and  was 
admitted  to  the  Lancaster  bar  in  1849;  elected  to 
the  state  house  of  representatives  in  1852, 1853,  and 
1856  as  a  Whig;  he  purchased  in  October,  1858,  an 
interest  in  the  Lancaster  Examiner  printing 
establishment  and  relinquished  the  practice  of 
law;  state  senator  1860-1863;  Lincoln  and  Johnson 
elector  in  1864;  appointed  by  President  Grant  in 
1871  naval  officer  at  the  port  of  Philadelphia; 
reappointed  by  him  in  1875  and  served  eight  years; 
elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Forty-ninth  and 
Fiftieth  Congresses  (March  4,  1885-March  3,  1889); 
died  in  Lancaster,  Pa.,  December  13,  1890;  inter- 
ment in  Marietta,  Pa. 

Hiester,  Daniel,  a  Representative  from  Penn- 
sylvania and  from  Maryland;  born  in  Berks 
county,  Pa.,  June  25,  1747;  attended  the  public 
schools;  engaged  in  business  in  Montgomery  county; 
colonel  and  brigadier  general  of  militia,  and  served 
in  the  Revolutionary  war;  member  of  the  supreme 
executive  council  of  Pennsylvania  1784-1786;  com- 
missioner of  the  Connecticut  land  claims  in  1787; 
elected  to  the  First,  Second,  Third,  and  Fourth 
Congresses  from  Pennsylvania,  and  served  from 
March  4,  1789,  until  his  resignation,  July  1,  1796; 
moved  to  Hagerstown,  Md. ;  elected  from  Maryland 
to  the  Seventh  and  Eighth  Congresses,  and  served 
from  March  4,  1801,  until  his  death,  in  Washing- 
ton, D.  C.,  March  7,  1804. 

Hiester,  Daniel,  a  Representative  from  Penn- 
sylvania; born  in  Berks  county;  Pa.;  elected  to 
the  Eleventh  Congress  (March  4,  1809-March  3, 
1811). 

Hiester,  Isaac  E.,  a  Representative  from  Penn- 
sylvania; born  in  Lancaster  county,  Pa.,  about 
1820;  pursued  classical  studies  and  was  graduated 
from  Yale  college  in  1842;  studied  law,  was  admit- 
ted to  the  bar  and  began  practice  in  Lancaster; 
elected  attorney  general  for  the  county  in  1848; 
elected  as  a  Whig  to  the  Thirty-third  Congress 
(March  4,  1853-March  3,  1855);  died  in  Lancaster 
Pa.,  February  6,  1871. 

Hiester,  John,  a  Representative  from  Pennsyl- 
vania; born  in  Goshenhopper,  Montgomery  county, 
Pa.,  April  9,  1746;  engaged,  with  his  father,  in  the 
lumbering  business  in  Bern  township,  Berks 
county,  Pa. ;  elected  to  the  Tenth  Congress  (March 
4,  1807-March  3,  1809);  died  in  Goshenhopper, 
Montgomery  county,  Pa.,  October  15,  1821. 

Hiester,  Joseph,  a  Representative  from  Penn- 
sylvania; born  in  Berne  township,  Berks  county, 
Pa.,  November  18,  1752;  attended  the  common 
schools;  engaged  in  mercantile  pursuits;  served  in 
the  Revolutionary  army  as  captain  and  colonel; 
taken  prisoner  and  confined  on  the  Jersey  prison 
ship;  member  of  the  constitutional  conventions  of 
1776  and  1790;  five  years  a  state  representative  and 
four  years  a  state  senator;  elected  to  the  Fifth  Con- 
gress, to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  the  resignation  of 
George  Ege;  reelected  to  the  Sixth,  Seventh,  and 
Eighth  Congresses,  and  served  from  December  1, 
1797,  to  March  3,  1805;  reelected  to  the  Four- 
teenth, Fifteenth,  and  Sixteenth  Congresses,  and 
served  from  March  4,  1815,  until  his  resignation 
in  December,  1820;  major  general  of  Pennsylvania 
militia  in  1807;  governor  of  Pennsylvania  1820- 
1823;  died  in  Reading,  Pa.,  June  10,  1832. 

Hiester,  William,  a  Representative  from  Penn- 
sylvania; born  in  Berne  township,  Berks  county, 
Pa.,  in  1791 ;  attended  public  schools;  devoted  him- 


726 


CONGRESSIONAL   DIRECTOET. 


self  to  farming:  in  Lancaster,  county;  elected  as  a 
Whig  to  the  .Twenty-second,  Twenty- third,  and 
Twenty-fourth  Congresses  (March  4,  1831-March 
3,  1837);  delegate: to  the  state  constitutional  con- 
vention of  1837;  died  in  Lancaster  county,  Pa., 
October  14,  1853. 

Higby,  William,  a  Representative  from  Cali- 
fornia; born  in  Willsboro,  N.  Y,,  August  18,  1813; 
pursued  classical  studies  and  was  graduated  from 
the  University  of  Vermont;  studied  law,  was 
admitted  to  the  bar  and  practiced;  went  to  Cali- 
fornia in  1850;  district  attorney  1853-1859;  state 
senator  in  1862  and  1863;  elected  as  a  Republican 
to  the  Thirty-eighth,  Thirty-ninth,  and  Fortieth 
Congresses  (March  4,  1863-March  3,  1869);  editor  of 
Calaveras  Chronical  for  several  years;  died  in  Santa 
Rose,  Cal.,  November  26,  1887;  interment  in  Oak- 
land, Cal. 

Higgins,  Anthony,  a  Senator  from  Delaware; 
born  in  Red  Lion  Hundred,  Newcastle  county, 
Del.,  October  1,  1840;  attended  Newark  academy 
and  Delaware  college,  and  was  graduated  from 
Yale  in  1861 ;  studied  law  one  year  at  the  Harvard 
law  school,  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1864; 
appointed  deputy  attorney-general  in  September, 
1864;  United  States  attorney  for  Delaware,  from 
May,  1869,  until  1876;  Republican  candidate  for 
Congress  in  1884,  and  elected  as  a  Republican  to 
the  United  States  Senate,  and  served  from  March  4, 
1889,  to  March  3,  1895;  resumed  the  practice  of  law 
in  Wilmington,  Del.;  one  of  the  attorneys  for  the 
respondent  in  the  impeachment  trial  of  Judge 
Charles  Swain,  in  1904-1905;  died  in  Wilmington, 
Del.,  June  26,  1912. 

Higgins,  Edwin  Werter,  a  Representative  and 
a  Senator  from  Connecticut;  born  in  Clinton,  Conn., 
July  2,  1874;  attended  the  schools  of  Norwich  and 
was  graduated  from  the  Yale  law  school  in  1897; 
engaged  in  practice  in  Norwich,  Conn.,  in  1897; 
member  of  the  general  assembly  in  1899;  corpora- 
tion counsel  of  Norwich,  deputy  judge  of  its  city 
court,  and  health  officer  for  the  county  of  New 
London;  served  on  the  Republican  state  central 
committee  many  years ;  delegate  in  the  Republican 
national  convention  of  1904 ;  was  elected  as  a  Re- 
publican to  the  Fifty-ninth  Congress,  October  2, 
1905,  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  the  resignation  of 
Frank  B.  Bfandegee,  and  reelected  to  the  Sixtieth 
and  Sixty-first  Congresses  (March  4, 1907-March  3, 
1911).  Reelected  to  the  Sixty-second  Congress. 

Higginson,  Stephen,  a  Delegate  from  Massa- 
chusetts; born  in  Salem,  Mass.,  November  28,  1743; 
engaged  in  mercantile  pursuits  and  from  1765  to 
1775  was  an  active  and  successful  shipmaster; 
Delegate  in  the  Continental  Congress  1782-1783; 
navy  agent  at  Boston  1797-1808;  prominent  in 
putting  down  "Shay's  Rebellion;"  served  as  lieu- 
tenant-colonel of  the  Boston  regiment;  died  in 
Boston,  Mass.,  November  22,  1828. 

Hilborn,  Samuel  Greeley,  a  Representative 
from  California;  born  in  Minot,  Androscoggin  (then 
Cumberland)  county,  Me.,  December  9,  1834; 
attended  the  common  schools,  Hebron  academy, 
and  Gould's  academy,  Bethel,  Me.,  and  was  grad- 
uated from  Tufts  college,  Mass.,  in  1859;  read  law, 
was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1861,  and  moved  to 
California;  located  in  Vallejo,  Solano  county,  and 
engaged  in  the  practice  of  law;  served  in  the  state 
senate  1875-rl879;  member  of  the  :  constitutional 
convention  of  1879;  appointed  United  States  dis- 


trict attorney  for  the  district  of  California  in  1883, 
and  moved  to  San  Francisco;  changed  his  residence 
to  Oakland  in  1887;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the 
Fifty-second  Congress,  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by 
the  resignation  of  Joseph  McKenna;  relected  to  the 
Fifty -fourth  and  Fifty-fifth  Congresses,  and  served 
from  December  5,  1892,  to  March  3,  1899;  died  in 
Washington,  D.  C.,  April  19,  1899. 

Hildebrant,  Charles  Quinn,  a  Representative 
from  Ohio;  born  in  Wilmington,  Ohio,  October  17, 
1864;  attended  the  public  schools  and  Ohio  state 
university,  Columbus;  elected  clerk  of  the  courts 
of  Clinton  county  in  1890,  and  reelected  in  1893  and 
1896;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Fifty-seventh 
and  Fifty-eighth  Congresses  (March  4,  1901-March 
3,  1905);  interested  in  business  and  in  agricultural 
pursuits  in  Wilmington,  Ohio. 

Hill,  Benjamin  Harvey,  a  Representative  and 
a  Senator  from  Georgia;  born  in  Jasper  county, 
Ga.,  September  14,  1823;  pursued  classical  studies 
and  was  graduated  from  the  University  of  Georgia, 
at  Athens,  in  1844;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to 
the  bar  in  1845,  and  commenced  practice  in  La 
Grange,  Ga.;  member  of  the  state  house  of  repre- 
sentatives in  1851,  1859,  and  1860;  presidential 
elector  on  the  Bell  and  Everett  ticket  in  1861; 
delegate  to  the  state  convention  in  1861,  and  advo- 
cated the  Union  until  the  secession  ordinance  had 
been  adopted;  delegate  to  the  Confederate  pro- 
visional congress  of  1861;  senator  in  the  Confeder- 
ate congress  until  the  close  of  the  war;  elected  as 
a  Democrat  to  Forty-fourth  Congress,  to  fill  the 
vacancy  caused  by  the  death  of  Garrett  McMillan; 
reelected  to  the  Forty-fifth  Congress,  and  served 
from  December  6,  1875,  until  March  4,  1877,  when 
he  resigned;  elected  to  the  United  States  Senate, 
and  served  from  March  4,  1877,  until  his  death,  in 
Atlanta,  Ga.,  August  16,  1882. 

Hill,  Charles  Augustus,  a  Representative  from 
Illinois;  born  in  Truxton,  Cortland  county,  N.  Y., 
August  23,  1833;  attended  common  schools  and  a 
select  school  in  Griffins  Mills;  in  the  spring  of  1854 
located  in  Will  county,  111.,  and  taught  school  for 
several  years;  in  1856  attended  Bell's  commercial 
college,  Chicago;  studied  law,  and  was  admitted  to 
the  bar;  returned  to  Will  county,  111.,  in  1860,  and 
practiced;  enlisted  in  company  F,  eighth  Illinois 
cavalry,  in/Yugust,  1862;  appointed  first  lieutenant 
first  regiment  United  States  colored  troops;  commis- 
sioned in  1865  captain  of  company  C  of  that  regi- 
ment; after  the  war  served  for  some  time  on 
detached  duty  as  a  member  of  a  court-martial  sit- 
ting in  Newbern,  N.  C.;  commanded  a  separate 
post  at  Elizabeth  City,  N.  C.,  and  mustered  out 
September  29,  1865;  returned  to  Will  county,  III., 
in  1865,  and  practiced  law  in  Joliet;  elected  state 
attorney  in  1868  for  the  counties  of  Will  and 
Grundy,  and  declined  a  renomi nation;  elected  as 
a  Republican  to  the  Fifty-first  Congress  (March  4, 
1889-March  3,  1891);  resumed  the  practice  of  law 
in  Joliet,  111.;  in  December,  1896,  appointed  assist- 
ant attorney  general  of  Illinois;  died  in  Joliet,  111., 
May  29,  1902. 

Hill,  Clement  S.,  a  Representative  from  Ken- 
tucky; a  native  of  Kentucky;  elected  as  an  Inde- 
pendent Democrat  to  the  Thirty-third  Congress 
(March  4,  1853-March  3,  1855). 

Hill,  David  Bennett,  a  Senator  from  New  York; 
born  in  Havana,  Chemung  (now  Schuyler)  county, 
N.  Y.,  August  29,  1843;  was  graduated  from  the 
Havana  academy;  studied  law  in  Elmira,  and  was 


BIOGRAPHIES. 


727 


admitted  to  the  bar  in  November,  1864;  city  attor- 
ney the  same  year;  served  from  Chemung  county 
in  the  state  assembly  in  1871  and  1872;  president 
of  the  Democratic  state  conventions  of  1877  and 
1881;  mayor  of  Elmira  in  1882;  delegate  in  the 
national  Democratic  convention  of  1884;  presi- 
dent of  the  New  York  state  bar  association  in  188G 
and  1887;  chosen  lieutenant  governor  of  the  state 
in  November,  1882;  became  governor  on  the  resig- 
nation of  Grover  Cleveland,  in  January,  1885; 
elected  governor  in  November,  1885;  reelected  in 
1888;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  United  States 
Senate;  presented  credentials  December  17,  1891; 
qualified  January  7, 1892,  and  served  until  March  3, 
1897 ;  resumed  the  practice  of  law;  died  in  Albany, 
N.  Y.,  October  20,  1910. 

Hill,  Ebenezer  J.,  a  Representative  from  Con- 
necticut; born  in  Redding,  Conn.,  August  4,  1845; 
attended  the  public  school  in  Norwalk,  and  Yale 
1865-1866;  in  1863  joined  the  army  as  civilian, 
and  remained  until  the  close  of  the  war;  engaged 
in  business  and  banking  in  Norwalk;  served  twice 
as  burgess  of  Norwalk,  twice  as  chairman  of  the 
board  of  school  visitors;  delegate  in  the  national 
Republican  convention  of  1884;  member  of  the 
Connecticut  senate  1886-1887  ;•  served  one  term  on 
the  Republican  state  central  committee;  elected 
as  a  Republican  to  the  Fifty-fourth  and  to  the  six 
succeeding  Congresses  (March  4,  1895-March  3, 
1909).  Reelected  to  the  Sixty-second  Congress. 

Hill,  Hugh  Lawson  White,  a  Representative 
from  Tennessee;  a  native  of  Tennessee;  elected 
as  a  Democrat  to  the  Thirtieth  Congress  (March  4, 
1847-March  3,  1849). 

Hill,  Isaac,  a  Senator  from  New  Hampshire; 
born  in  West  Cambridge  (near  Arlington),  Mass., 
April  6,  1788;  attended  the  common  schools; 
in  1798  moved  with  his  parents  to  Ashburn- 
ham,  Mass.;  apprenticed  to  a  printer  in  Am- 
herst,  N.  H.;  moved  to  Concord  in  1809,  where 
he  purchased  and  for-  twenty  years  edited 
the  New  Hampshire  Patriot;"  served  several 
terms  in  both  branches  of  the  legislature;  sec- 
ond comptroller  of  the  United  States  Treasury 
1829-1830;  elected  a  United  States  Senator  as  a 
Democrat  and  served  from  March  4,  1831,  to  May 
30,  1836,  when  he  resigned;  governor  of  New 
Hampshire  1836-1839;  1840-1841  was  United  States 
subtreasurer  at  Boston;  returned  to  newspaper- 
publishing  1840-1847;  died  in  Washington,  D.  C., 
March  22,  1851. 

Hill,  John,  a  Representative  from  Virginia; 
born  in  New  Canton,  Buckingham  county,  Va., 
July  18,  1800;  completed  preparatory  studies, 
and  attended  Washington  and  Lee  university; 
studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1821,  and 
practiced;  elected  as  a  Whig  to  the  Twenty-sixth 
Congress  (March  4,  1839-March  3,  1841;  member 
of  Virginia  constitutional  convention  of  1850; 
commonwealth  attorney  for  several  years,  and 
county  judge  1870-1879;  died  in  Buckingham  C.  H., 
Va.,  April  19,  1880. 

Hill,  John,  a  Representative  from  North  Caro- 
lina; born  in  Stokes  county,  N.  C.,  April  9,  1797; 
completed  preparatory  studies,  and  was  graduated 
from  the  University  of  North  Carolina  in  1816; 
member  of  the  North  Carolina  house  of  commons 
1819-1822  and  of  the  state  senate  1823-1831; 
elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Twenty-sixth  Con- 
gress (March  4,  1839-March  3,  1841);  reading  clerk 
in  the  senate  of  North  Carolina  in  1850;  delegate 


in   the   state  .constitutional   convention   of   1861; 
died  in  Raleigh,  N.  C.,  May  25,  1861. 

Hill,  John,  a  Representative  from  New  Jersey; 
born  in  Catskill,  N.  Y.,  June  10,  1821;  attended 
a  private  school;  engaged  in  mercantile  pursuits; 
located  in  Boonton,  N.  J. ;  held  several  local  offices; 
postmaster  1849-1853;  member  of  the  state  assem- 
bly 1861-1862  and  1866  and  served  during  the  last 
year  as  speaker;  elected  to  the  Fortieth,  Forty-first, 
and  Forty-second  Congresses  (March  4,  1867- 
March  3,  1873);  elected  in  1874  to  the  state  senate 
and  served  three  years;  elected  as  a  Republican  to 
the  Forty-seventh  Congress  (March  4,  1881-March 
3,  1883);  died  in  Boonton,  N.  J.,  July  24,  1884. 

Hill,  Joshua,  a  Representative  and  a  Senator 
from  Georgia;  born  in  Abbeville  district,  S.  C., 
January  10,  1812;  attended  the  public  schools; 
studied  law  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar;  moved  to 
Madison,  Ga.,  where  he  began  practice;  elected 
as  an  American  to  the  Thirty-fifth  and  Thirty- 
sixth  Congresses,  and  served  from  March  4, 1857,  to 
January  23,  1861,  when  he  resigned;  appointed 
collector  of  customs  at  Savannah  in  1866 ;  appointed 
register  in  bankruptcy  in  1867;  elected  to  the 
United  States  Senate  and  served  from  July  28, 
1868,  to  March  3,  1873;  member  of  the  state  con, 
stitutional  convention  of  1877;  died  in  Madison- 
Ga.,  March  6,  1891. 

Hill,  Mark  Langdon,  a  Representative  from 
Massachusetts,  and  from  Maine;  born  in  Bidde- 
ford,  Mass,  (now  Maine),  June  30,  1772;  attended 
the  public  schools;  served  in  both  branches  of  the 
Massachusetts  legislature;  judge  of  the  court  of 
common  pleas  in  1810;  elected  from  Massachusetts 
to  the  Sixteenth  Congress  (March  4,  1819-March  3, 
1821);  elected  from  Maine  to  the  Seventeenth  Con- 
gress (March  4,  1821-March  3,  1823);  postmaster  of 
Phippsburg;  collector  of  customs  at  Bath;  overseer 
of  Bowdoin  college  several  years;  died  in  Phipps- 
burg, Me.,  November  26,  1842. 

Hill,  Nathaniel  Peter,  a  Senator  from  Colo- 
rado; born  in  Montgomery,  N.  Y.,  February  18, 
1832;  entered  Brown  university  in  Providence,  R. 
I.,  in  1853;  professor  of  chemistry  in  Brown  uni- 
versity 1860-4864;  visited  Colorado  in  the  spring 
of  1865,  to  investigate  mineral  resources  of  the 
"Gilpin  grant;"  spent  a  portion  of  1865  and  1866 
in  Swansea,  Wales,  and  Freiberg,  Saxony,  study- 
ing metallurgy;  took  up  a  permanent  residence  in 
Colorado  in  1867  as  manager  of  the  Boston  and  Colo- 
rado Smelting  company;  member  of  the  Territorial 
council  in  1872  and  1873;  elected  to  the  United 
States  Senate  as  a  Republican,  and  served  from 
March  4,  1879,  to  March  3,  1885;  devoted  himself 
to  mining;  owner  and  publisher  of  the  Denver 
Republican;  officer  and  director  in  many  industrial 
corporations;  member  of  commission  appointed  by 
President  Benjmin  Harrison  in  1891  to  consider 
the  question  of  an  international  metal  currency; 
died  May  22,  1900,  in  Denver,  Colo.: 

Hill,  Ralph,  a  Representative  from  Indiana; 
born  in  Johnson  cqunty,  Ohio,  October  12,  1827; 
pursued  an  academic  course;  studied  law  and  was 
admitted  to  the  bar;  moved  to  Columbus,  Ind., 
where  he  began  practice ;  elected  to  the  Thirty- 
ninth  Congress  (March  4, 1865-March  3, 1867);  died 
in  Indianapolis,  Ind.,  August  20,  1899. 

Hill,  Whitmill,  a  Delegate  from  North  Carolina; 
born  in  Bertie  county,  N.  C.,  February  12,  1743; 
was  graduated  from  the  University  of  Pennsylvania 


728 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIEECTOEY. 


in  1760;  prominently  connected  with  the  early 
Revolutionary  movements;  delegate  in  the  assem- 
bly of  freemen  in  Hillsboro  in  1775  and  the  state 
congress  in  Halifax  in  1776;  delegate  in  the  state 
constitutional  convention  in  1776  ;  member  of  the 
state  house  of  commons  in  1777  and  of  the  state 
senate  in  1778-1780,  1784-1785;  Delegate  in  the  Con- 
tinental Congress  1778-1781;  died  in  Hills  Ferry, 
Martin  county,  N.  C.,  September  26,  1797. 


Tin,  William  David,  a  Representative  from 
Ohio;  born  in  Nelson  county,  Va.,  October  1,  1833; 
attended  the  country  schools  and  Antioch  college; 
studied  law  in  Springfield,  Ohio;  admitted  to  the 
bar  in  1860,  and  practiced;  mayor  of  Springfield; 
member  of  the  state  house  of  representatives  1866- 
1869;  appointed  superintendent  of  insurance  by 
Governor  Allen  in  1875  and  served  three  years; 
elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Forty-sixth  Congress 
(March  4,  1879-March  3,  1881);  reelected  to  the 
Forty-eighth  and  Forty-ninth  Congresses  (March 
4,  1883-March  3,  1887)  ;  resumed  the  practice  of  law 
in  Defiance,  Ohio;  city  solicitor  of  Defiance;  died 
near  Litchfield,  111.,  December  26,  1906. 

Hill,  William  H.,  a  Representative  from  North 
Carolina;  native  of  that  state;  studied  law  and  was 
admitted  to  the  bar;  elected  to  the  Sixth  and  Sev- 
enth Congresses  (March  4,  1799-March  3,  1803); 
died  in  1809. 

Hill,  Wilson  Shedric,  a  Representative  from 
Mississippi;  born  in  Choctaw  county,  Miss.,  Janu- 
ary 19,  1863;  attended  the  common  schools  and  the 
University  of  Mississippi;  studied  law  in  the  Cum- 
berland university,  Lebanon,  Tenn.,  and  began 
practice  in  Winona,  Miss.,  in  1884;  member  of  the 
legislature  in  1887;  in  1891  elected  district  attorney 
for  the  fifth  judicial  district  of  Mississippi  ;  reelected 
in  1895  and  1899;  elected  to  the  Fifty-eighth,  Fifty- 
ninth,  and  Sixtieth  Congresses  (March  4,  1903- 
March  3,  1909);  resumed  the  practice  of  law  in 
Greenwood,  Miss. 

Hillen,  Solomon,  jr.,  a  Representative  from 
Maryland  ;  born  in  Baltimore  county,  Md.,  in  1813; 
was  "graduated  from  Georgetown  college;  studied 
law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  began  practice 
in  Baltimore;  member  of  the  state  house  of  repre- 
sentatives 1834-1838;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the 
Twenty-sixth  Congress  (March  4,  1839-March  3, 
1841);  mayor  of  Baltimore  1842-1845. 

Hillhouse,  James,  a  Representative  and  a 
Senator  from  Connecticut;  born  in  Montville, 
Conn.,  October  21,  1754;  was  graduated  from  Yale 
college  in  1773;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the 
bar,  and  commenced  practice  in  New  Haven,  Conn.  ; 
served  in  the  Revolutionary  war,  and  in  1779  was 
captain  of  the  Governor's  foot-guards  when  New 
Haven  was  invaded  by  the  British  under  Tryon; 
was  a  representative  in  the  state  legislature  1780- 
1789;  in  the  council  1789-1791;  elected  as  a  Feder- 
alist to  the  Second  and  Third  Congresses  (March  4, 
1791-March  3,  1795);  elected  to  the  United  States 
Senate  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  the  resignation  of 
Oliver  Ellsworth;  reelected  in  1797,  1803,  and  1809, 
and  served  from  May  12,  1796,  to  June  10,  1810, 
when  he  resigned  to  become  commissioner  of  the 
school  fund,  which  position  he  held  until  1825;  was 
elected  President  of  the  Senate  pro  tempore  Febru- 
ary 28,  1801;  member  of  the  Hartford  convention; 
treasurer  of  Yale  college  1782-1832;  died  in  New 
Haven,  Conn.,  December  29,  1832. 

Hillhouse,  William,  a  Delegate  from  Connec- 
ticut; born  in  Montville,  Conn.,  August  25,  1728; 


received  a  liberal  schooling;  studied  law  and  was 
admitted  to  the  bar;  served  fifty  years  in  the  colo- 
nial and  state  house  of  representatives;  judge  of 
the  court  of  common  pleas  for  forty  years;  major 
in  the  second  regiment  of  Connecticut  cavalry  in 
the  Revolution;  Delegate  in  the  Continental  Con- 
gress 1783-1786;  died  January  12,  1816,  in  Mont- 
ville, Conn. 

Hilliard,  Henry  Washington,  a  Representa- 
tive from  Alabama;  born  in  Fayetteville,  N.  C., 
August  4,  1808;  was  graduated  from  the  South 
Carolina  college  in  1826 ;  studied  law  and  moved  to 
Athens,  Ga.,  where  he  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in 
1829;  professor  in  the  University  of  Alabama  1831- 
1834,  when  he  resigned  to  practice  law  in  Mont- 
gomery; elected  to  the  state  legislature  1836-1838; 
member  of  the  Whig  national  convention  in  1839, 
and  in  1840  a  Whig  presidential  elector;  charg6 
d'affaires  to  Belgium  May  12,  1842,  to  August  15, 
1844;  elected  as  a  Whig  to  the  Twenty-ninth, 
Thirtieth,  and  Thirty-first  Congresses  (March  4, 
1845-March  3,  1851);  served  in  the  Confederate 
army;  moved  to  Georgia;  defeated  as  the  Repub- 
lican candidate  for  the  Forty-fifth  Congress;  ap- 
pointed by  Jefferson  Davis  Confederate  commis- 
sioner to  Tennessee;  served  as  a  brigadier-general 
in  the  Confederate  army;  resumed  practice  in 
Augusta,  Ga.;  then  moved  to  Atlanta;  United 
States  minister  to  Brazil  1877-1881;  died  in  Atlanta, 
Ga.,  December  17,  1892. 

Hillyer,  Junius,  a  Representative  from  Georgia; 
born  in  Wilkes  county,  Ga.,  April  23,  1807;  was 
graduated  from  the  State  University  at  Athens  in 
1828;  studied  law  and  admitted  to  the  bar;  began 
practicing  in  Athens;  elected  solicitor-general  for 
the  western  district  of  Georgia  in  1834;  circuit 
judge  1841-1845;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the 
Thirty-second  and  Thirty-third  Congresses  (March 
4,  1851-March  3,  1855);  solicitor  of  the  United 
States  Treasury  December  1,  1857,  to  February  13, 
1861,  when  he  resigned;  died  in  Decatur,  Ga., 
June  21,  1886. 

Hindman,  Thomas  Cannichael,  a  Represent- 
ative from  Arkansas;  born  in  Knoxville,  Tenn., 
January  28,  1829;  removed  with  parents  to  Ripley. 
Miss. ;  attended  the  public  schools;  was  a  student  m 
Princeton  university  at  the  beginning  of  the  war 
with  Mexico;  served  as  a  lieutenant  in  the  Mexican 
war  with  the  Mississippi  volunteers;  returned  to 
Ripley,  Miss.,  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the 
bar,  and  began  practice  in  Mississippi;  moved  to 
Helena,  Ark,  in  1856;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to 
the  Thirty-sixth  Congress  (March  4,  1859-March  3, 
1861);  appointed  brigadier-general  in  the  Con- 
federate army  September  28,  1861,  and  major 
general  in  1862;  served  throughout  the  war;  resided 
in  the  City  of  Mexico  until  1868,  when  he  returned 
to  Helena,  Ark.,  where  he  was  assassinated  Sep- 
tember 28,  1868. 

Hindman,  William,  a  Representative  and  a 
Senator  from  Maryland ;  born  in  Dorchester  county, 
Md.,  April  1,  1743;  pursued  classical  studies;  was 
graduated  from  the  Inns  of  Court,  London,  Eng- 
land; returned  to  the  United  States  and  was  ad- 
mitted to  the  bar  in  1765;  was  secretary  of  the 
Talbot  (Md.)  county  "committee  of  observation" 
in  1775,  and  was  designated  to  carry  out  the  de- 
clarations of  the  "council  of  safety";  sat  in  the 
state  convention  of  1775;  treasurer  of  the  Eastern 
Shore  1775-1777;  member  of  the  state  senate  1777- 
1784;  member  of  the  Continental  Congress  1784- 
1788;  member  of  the  executive  council  1789-1792; 


BIOGRAPHIES. 


729 


elected  to  the  Second  Congress,  to  fill  vacancy 
caused  by  the  resignation  of  Joshua  Seney; 
reelected  to  the  Third,  Fourth,  and  Fifth  Con- 
gresses, and  served  from  January  30, 1793,  to  March 
3,  1799;  member  of  the  state  legislature  1799-1800; 
elected  to  the  United  States  Senate,  to  fill  vacancy 
caused  by  the  resignation  of  James  Lloyd,  and  at 
expiration  of  the  term  was  appointed  to  fill  vacancy 
caused  by  the  failure  to  elect  a  successor;  served 
from  December  12,  1800,  to  November  19,  1801; 
died  in  Baltimore,  Md.,  January  19,  1822, 

Hinds,  James,  a  Representative  from  Arkansas; 
born  in  Hebron,  N.  Y.,  December  5,  1833;  com- 
pleted a  preparatory  course;  studied  law;  was 
graduated  from  the  Cincinnati  law  college  in  1856; 
admitted  to  the  bar,  and  began  practice  in  Minne- 
sota; served  in  the  Union  army  as  a  private;  settled 
in  Little  Rock,  Ark. ;  delegate  to  the  state  constitu- 
tional convention;  appointed  as  a  commissioner  to 
to  codify  the  state  laws;  elected  to  the  Fortieth  Con- 
gress, and  served  from  June  24,  1868,  until  his  death 
in  Monroe,  Ark.,  October  22,  1868. 

Hinds,  Thomas,  a  Representative  from  Missis- 
sippi; born  in  1775;  located  in  Greenville,  Miss.; 
served  in  the  War  of  1812;  elected  as  a  Democrat 
to  the  Twentieth  Congress  to  fill  vacancy  caused 
by  the  resignation  of  William  Haile;  reelected  to 
the  Twenty-first  Congress,  and  served  from  De- 
cember 8,  1828,  to  March  3,  1831;  died  in  Green- 
ville, Miss.,  August  23,  1840. 

Hines,  Richard,  a  Representative  from  North 
Carolina;  native  of  Edgecombe  county,  N.  C.; 
elected  to  the  Nineteenth  Congress  (March  4,  1825- 
March  3,  1827);  moved  to  Raleigh,  N.  C.,  where 
he  died  November,  1851. 

Hines,  William  Henry,  a  Representative  from 
Pennsylvania;  born  in  Brooklyn,  N.  Y.,  March  15, 
1856;  attended  the  public  schools  and  Wyoming 
seminary;  admitted  to  the  bar  in  Luzerne  county 
in  1881;  member  of  the  state  house  of  representa- 
tives 1879-1880  and  1883-1884;  state  senator  1888- 
1892;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Fifty-third 
Congress  (March  4,  1893-March  3,  1895);  resumed 
the  practice  of  law  in  Wilkes-Barre,  Pa. 

Hinrichsen,  William  H.,  a  Representative  from 
Illinois;  born  in  Franklin,  111.,  May  27,  1850; 
attended  the  public  schools  and  the  State  Univer- 
sity in  Champaign,  111. ;  elected  justice  of  the  peace 
in  1871  and  reelected  in  1873;  appointed  deputy 
sheriff  of  his  county  in  1874,  and  served  three  terms 
in  that  position;  elected  sheriff  in  1880;  clerk  of  the 
house  of  representatives  of  Illinois  in  1891;  secre- 
tary of  state  in  1892;  delegate  at  large  to  the  Demo- 
cratic national  convention  of  1896;  served  as  a 
member  of  the  Democratic  state  committee  many 
years,  and  was  chairman  in  1895;  elected  as  a 
Democrat  to  the  Fifty-fifth  Congress  (March  4, 
1897-March  3,  1899);  died  December  18,  1907. 

Hinshaw,  Edmund  Howard,  a  Representative 
from  Nebraska;  born  in  Greensboro,  Ind.,  Decem- 
ber 8,  1860;  was  graduated  from  Butler  college, 
Indianapolis  in  1885;  moved  to  Fairbury,  Nebr., 
and  was  superintendent  of  the  public  schools; 
studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1887,  and 
commenced  practice  in  Fairbury,  Nebr.;  held 
various  municipal  and  county  offices,  and  in  1898 
was  nominated  for  Congress  by  the  Republicans, 
but  was  defeated ;  candidate  for  the  United  States 
Senate  in  1901,  but,  after  a  contest  lasting  three 
months,  withdrew;  was  elected  to  the  Fifty-eighth 


Fifty-ninth,  Sixtieth,  and  Sixty-first  Congresses 
(March  4,  1903-March  3,  1911);  resumed  the  prac- 
tice of  law  in  Fairbury,  Nebr. 

Hires,  George,  a  Representative  from  New 
Jersey;  born  in  Salem  county,  N.  J.,  January  26 
1835;  attended  the  common  schools  and  received 
a  commercial  training;  engaged  in  mercantile  and 
manufacturing  pursuits;  elected  sheriff  of  Salem 
county  in  1867,  1868,  and  1869;  state  senator  1881- 
1884;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Forty-ninth 
and  Fiftieth  Congresses  (March  4,  1885-March  3, 
1889);  died  in  Salem,  N.  J.,  February  16,  1911. 

Hiscock,  Frank,  a  Representative  and  a  Senator 
from  New  York;  born  in  Pompey,  N.  Y.,  September 
6,  1834;  pursued  academic  studies;  studied  law, 
admitted  to  the  bar  in  1855,  and  commenced  prac- 
tice in  Tully,  Onondaga  county;  elected  district 
attorney  of  Onondaga  county;  serving  from  1860  to 
1863;  member  of  the  state  constitutional  conven- 
tion in  1867;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Forty- 
fifth,  and  to  the  five  succeeding  Congresses  (March 
4, 1877-March  3, 1889);  elected  to  the  United  States 
Senate  and  served  from  March  4,  1887,  to  March  3, 
1893;  a  practicing  lawyer  in  Syracuse,  N.  Y. 

Hise,  Elijah,  a  Representative  from  Kentucky; 
born  in  Allegheny  county,  Pa.,  July  4,  1802;  went 
with  parents  to  Russellville,  Logan  county,  Ky., 
when  young;  completed  preparatory  studies; 
studied  law,  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar;  member 
of  the  state  legislature  in  1829;  defeated  as  Demo- 
cratic candidate  for  lieutenant-governor  in  1836; 
charg6  d'affaires  to  Guatemala,  March  31,  1848,  to 
June  21,  1849;  presidential  elector  on  the  Demo- 
cratic ticket  in  1856;  was  chief  justice  of  the  court  of 
appeals  of  Kentucky;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the 
Thirty-ninth  Congress,  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by 
the  death  of  Henry  Grider;  reelected  to  the  Fortieth 
Congress,  and  served  from  December  3,  1866,  until 
his  death  in  Russellville,  Ky.,  May  8,  1867. 

Hitchcock,  Gilbert  Monell,  a  Representative 
and  a  Senator  from  Nebraska;  born  in  Omaha, 
Nebr.,  September  18,  1859;  attended  public 
schools  of  Omaha,  and  the  more  advanced 
schools  of  Baden  Baden,  Germany;  was  grad- 
uated from  the  law  department  of  Michigan 
university  in  1881;  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and 
practiced  until  August,  1885,  when  he  established 
and  edited  the  Omaha  Evening  World;  purchased 
the  Morning  Herald  in  1889,  and  consolidated  the 
two  into  the  present  Morning  and  Evening  World- 
Herald  ;  elected  to  the  Fifty -eighth  Congress,  March 
4,  1903-March  3, 1905);  defeated  for  the  Fifty-ninth 
and  reelected  to  the  Sixtieth  and  Sixty-first  Con- 
gresses (March  4,  1907-March  3,  1911);  elected 
to  the  United  States  Senate  January  18,  1911,  for 
the  term  ending  March  3,  1917. 

Hitchcock,  Peter,  a  Representative  from  Ohio; 
born  in  Cheshire,  Conn.,  October  19,  1781;  pursued 
classical  studies  and  was  graduated  from  Yale  col- 
lege in  1801;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar 
in  1804,  and  began  practice  in  Cheshire;  moved  to 
Geauga  county,  Ohio,  in  1806;  state  representative 
in  1810  and  state  senator  1812-1816,  and  served  as 
its  president  one  term;  elected  to  the  Fifteenth 
Congress  (March  4,  1817-March  3,  1819);  judge  of 
the  supreme  court  of  Ohio  1824-1852;  a  portion  of 
that  time  was  chief  justice;  delegate  to  the  state 
constitutional  convention  of  1850;  died  in  Paines- 
ville,  Ohio,  March  4,  1854;  interment  in  Burton, 
Ohio. 


CONGRESSIONAL   DIEECTOEY. 


Hitchcock,  Fhineas  Warren,  a  Delegate  and 
a  Senator  from  Nebraska;  born  in  New  Lebanon, 
N.  Y.,  November  30,  1831;  attended  the  com- 
mon schools,  and  was  graduated  from  Williams 
college,  Massachusetts,  in  1855;  studied  law,  was 
admitted  to  the  bar  and  began  practice  in 
Omaha,  Nebr.,  in  1857;  delegate  to  the  Republi- 
can convention  in  Chicago  in  1860;  appointed 
United  States  marshal  in  1861;  resigned  in  1864; 
was  elected  as  a  Republican  delegate  to  the  Thirty- 
ninth  Congress  (March  4,  1865-March  3,  1867);  two 
years  surveyor-general  of  Nebraska;  elected  United 
States  Senator,  and  served  from  Ma^ch  4,  1871,  to 
March  3, 1877;  died  in  Omaha,  Nebr.,  July  10, 1881. 

Hitt,  Robert  Roberts,  a  Representative  from 
Illinois;  born  in  Urbana,  Ohio,  January  16,  1834; 
moved  to  Ogle  county,  111.,  in  1837;  attended  the 
Rock  River  seminary  (now  Mount  Morris  college) 
and  De  Pauw  university;  reported  Lincoln-Douglas 
debates  in  1858;  first  secretary  of  legation  and 
charge  d'affaires  ad  interim  in  Paris  from  December 
'1874,  until  March,  1881;  Assistant  Secretary  of 
,  State  in  1881 ;  regent  of  the  Smithsonian  institution ; 
commissioner  to  the  Hawaiian  Islands  in  1898; 
elected  to  the  Forty -seventh  Congress  November  7, 
1882,  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  the  death  of  Robert 
M.  A.  Hawk;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Forty- 
eighth,  and  to  the  eleven  succeeding  Congresses, 
and  served  from  March  4,  1883,  until  his  death  in 
Narragansett  Pier,  Rhode  Island,  September  19, 
1906;  interment  in  Mt.  Morris,  111. 

Hoag,  Truman  H.,  a  Representative  from  Ohio; 
born  in  Manlius,  N.  Y.,  April  9,  1816;  attended  the 
public  schools;  a  clerk  in  a  store  in  Syracuse  1832- 
1839;  in  the  steamboat  business  on  Lake  Ontario  in 
1842,  moving  to  Toledo,  Ohio,  in  1848;  elected  as  a 
Democrat  to  the  Forty-first  Congress,  and  served 
from  March  4,  1869,  until  his  death  in  Washington, 
D.  C.,  February  5,  1870. 

Hoagland,  Moses,  a  Representative  from  Ohio; 
native  of  Ohio;  attended  the  public  schools;  studied 
law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar  and  commenced  prac- 
tice in  Millersburg,  Ohio;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to 
the  Thirty-first  Congress  (March  4,  1849-March  3, 
1851);  appointed  United  States  judge  for  Washing- 
ton Territory. 

Hoar,  Ebenezer  Rockwood,  a  Representative 
from  Massachusetts;  born  in  Concord,  Mass.,  Feb- 
ruary 21,  1816;  pursued  classical  studies  and  was 
graduated  from  Harvard  College  in  1835;  was 
admitted  to  the  bar  in  1840,  and  began  practice  in 
Concord  and  Boston,  Mass.;  elected  state  senator 
in  1846  as  an  antislavery  Whig;  jxidge  of  the  court 
of  common  pleas  1849-1855;  judge  of  the  state 
supreme  court  1859-1869;  Attorney  General  of  the 
LTnited  States  March,  1869,  until  his  resignation, 
June,  1870;  member  of  the  joint  high  commission 
which  framed  the  treaty  of  Washington  in  1871; 
elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Forty-third  Con- 
gress (March  4,  1871-March  3,  1873);  member  of 
the  board  of  overseers  of  Harvard  college  1868- 
1882;  died  in  Concord,  Mass.,  January  31,  1895. 

Hoar,  George  Frisbie,  a  Representative  and  a 
Senator  from  Massachusetts;  born  in  Concord, 
Mass.,  August  29,  1826;  attended  Concord  acad- 
emy; was  graduated  from  Harvard  college  in  1846; 
studied  law  and  was  graduated  from  the  Dane  law 
school,  Harvard  university;  settled  in  Worcester, 
Mass.,  where  he  practiced;  city  solicitor  in  1860; 
member  of  the  state  house  of  representatives  in 
1852  and  of  the  state  senate  in  1857;  elected  to  the 


Forty-first,  Forty-second,  Forty -third,  and  Forty- 
fourth  Congresses  (March  4,  1869-March  3,  1877); 
overseer  of  Harvard  college  1874-1880,  J  896-1 906; 
president  of  the  association  of  the  Alumni  of  Har- 
vard; presided  over  the  Massachusetts  state  Repub- 
lican conventions  of  1871,  1877,  1882,  and  1885; 
delegate  to  the  Republican  national  conventions 
of  1876,  1880,  1884,  and  1888;  presiding  over  the 
convention  of  1880;  chairman  of  the  Massachu- 
setts delegation  in  1880,  1884,  and  1888;  one  of  the 
managers  on  the  part  of  the  House  of  Representa- 
tives in  the  Belknap  impeachment  trial  of  1876; 
member  of  the  electoral  commission  in  1876;  regent 
of  the  Smithsonian  Institution  in  1880;  elected  to 
the  United  States  Senate  as  a  Republican;  took 
his  seat  March  5,  1877,  and  reelected  in  1883,  1889, 
1895,  and  1901;  died  in  Worcester,  Mass.,  Septem- 
ber 30, 1904;  interment  in  Sleepy  Hollow  cemetery, 
Concord,  Mass. 

Hoar,  Rockwood,  a  Representative  from  Mas- 
sachusetts; born  in  Worcester,  Mass.,  Augsut  24, 
1855;  fitted  for  college  in  the  Worcester  public 
schools  and  was  graduated  from  Harvard  in  1876; 
admitted  to  the  bar  in  1879  and  practiced  law  in 
Worcester;  assistant  district  attorney  for  the  mid- 
dle district  of  Massachusetts  1884-1887;  member 
of  the  common  council  of  Worcester  1887-1891; 
aid-de-camp  on  the  staff  of  Governor  Oliver  Ames 
1887-1890;  judge-advocate-general  on  the  staff  of 
Governor  Roger  Wolcott  1887-1890;  district  attor- 
ney from  January,  1899,  to  January,  1905;  trustee 
of  Clark  university  of  Worcester,  Mass.,  and  trustee 
for  twenty  years  of  the  Worcester  insane  hospital; 
elected  to  the  Fifty-ninth  Congress  and  served 
from  March  1,  1905,  until  his  death  in  Worcester, 
Mass.,  November  1,  1906. 

Hoar,  Samuel,  a  Representative  from  Massa- 
chusetts; born  in  Lincoln,  Mass.,  May  18,  1778; 
pursued  classical  studies  and  was  graduated  from 
Harvard  in  1802;  for  two  years  a  private  tutor 
in  Virginia;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar 
in  1805,  and  began  practice  in  Concord,  Mass.; 
delegate  to  the  state  constitutional  convention  of 
1820;  state  senator  in  1825  and  1833;  elected  as  a 
Whig  to  the  Twenty-fourth  Congress  (March  4, 
1835-March  3,  1837;)  in  1844  was  sent  by  the  state 
legislature  to  South  Carolina  to  test  the  constitu- 
tionality of  certain  acts,  and  on  the  day  of  his 
arrival,  December  5,  1844,  the  legislature  of  South 
Carolina  passed  resolutions  expelling  him  from  the 
city  of  Charleston;  died  at  Concord,  Mass.,  Novem- 
ber 2,  1856. 

Hoar,  Sherman,  a  Representative  from  Massa- 
chusetts; born  in  Concord,  Mass.,  July  30,  1860; 
attended  the  public  schools  and  Phillips  Exeter 
academy,  Harvard  university,  and  Harvard  law 
school;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  and  practiced  in 
Concord;  trustee  of  the  Phillips  Exeter  academy 
and  director  of  the  American  Unitarian  association; 
elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Fifty-second  Congress 
(March  4,  1891-March  3,  1893);  United  States  dis- 
trict attorney  for  the  district  of  Massachusetts  1893- 
1897;  president  of  the  Young  Men's  Democratic 
club  of  Massachusetts  in  1884;  director  of  the  Mas- 
sachusetts Volunteer  Aid  association  in  the  war 
with  Spain,  and  served  in  army  hospitals  in  the 
South;  died  in  Concord,  Mass,  October  7,  1898. 

Hoard,  Charles  Brooks,  a  Representative  from 
New  York;  born  in  Springfield,  Vt.,  June  5,  1805; 
attended  the  public  schools;  moved  to  Antwerp, 
N.  Y.,  where  he  was  postmaster  during  the  admin- 
istrations of  Jackson  and  Van  Buren;  state  repre- 


BIOGRAPHIES. 


731 


sentative  in  1837;  moved  to  Watertown,  N.  Y.,  in 
January,  1844;  clerk  of  Jefferson  county  1844-1846; 
elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Thirty-fifth  and 
Thirty-sixth  Congresses  (March  4,  1857-March  3, 
1861);  convetred  factory  into  an  armory  for  the 
manufacture  of  arms  for  the  Government  in  1861; 
moved  to  West  Virginia  in  1870;  died  in  Ceredo, 
W.  Va.,  November  20,  1886. 

Hobart,  Aaron,  a  Representative  from  Massa- 
chusetts; born  in  Abington,  Mass,  June  26,  1787; 
pursued  classical  studies  and  was  graduated  from 
Brown  university  in  1805;  studied  law  in  East 
Bridgewater,  Mass.;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in 
1819,  and  began  practice  in  Abington;  resumed 
practice  in  Hanover  in  1811;  in  1824  moved  to 
East  Bridgewater;  state  representative  in  1814,  and 
state  senator  in  1819;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the 
Sixteenth  Congress,  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  the 
resignation  of  Cabdiel  Sampson;  reelected  to  the 
Seventeenth,  Eighteenth,  and  Nineteenth  Con- 
gresses, and  served  from  December  18,  1820,  to 
March  3,  1827;  executive  councilor  1827-1831; 
judge  of  probate  1843-1858;  died  in  East  Bridge- 
water,  Mass.,  September  19,  1858. 

Hobart,  John  Sloss,  a  Delegate  and  a  Senator 
from  New  York;  born  in  Fairfield,  Conn.;  May  6, 
1738,  was  graduated  from  Yale  college  in  1757; 
studied  law^was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  began  prac- 
tice in  the  state  of  New  York;  deputy  to  the  pro- 
vincial convention  of  1775;  delegate  to  the  provin- 
cial congress  1775-1777;  member  of  the  council  of 
safety  in  1777;  a  puisne  justice  of  the  supreme  court 
1777-1798;  member  of  the  state  convention  of  1788 
to  consider  the  Federal  constitution;  member  of  the 
Hartford  convention  of  ]780;  elected  to  the  United 
States  Senate,  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  the  resigna- 
tion of  Philip  Schuyler,  and  served  from  January 
11,  1789,  to  April  16,  1798,  when  he  resigned  to  ac- 
cept the  appointment  as  judge  of  the  United  States 
district  court  of  New  York;  died  February  4,  1805. 

Hobble,  Selah  Reeve,  a  Representative  from 
New  York;  born  in  Newburgh,  N.  Y.,  March  10, 
1797;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and 
began  practice  in  Delhi,  N.  Y.;  district  attorney 
of  Delaware  county,  1823-1827;  served  in  the  mil- 
itia; elected  as  a  Jackson  Democrat  to  the  Twenti- 
eth Congress  (March  4,  1827-March  3,  1829);  sec- 
ond assistant  Postmaster  General  1829-1836;,  and 
first  assistant  1836-1851;  resigned  on  account  of 
ill  health ;  again  first  assistant  Postmaster  General 
March  22,  1853,  until  his  death  in  Washington, 
D.  C.,  March  23,  1854. 

Hoblitzell,  Fetter  S.,  a  Representative  fro'n 
Maryland;  born  in  Cumberland,  Md.,  October  7, 
1838;  attended  the  Allegany  academy;  studied 
law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  began  practice 
in  Baltimore  in  1859;  served  as  a  private  in  the 
first  Maryland  regiment  of  infantry,  Confederate 
army;  at  the  close  of  the  war  resumed  the  practice 
of  law;  elected  a  member  of  the  legislature  in  1870 
and  1876,  and  reelected  in  1878,  and  was  speaker 
of  the  house  of  delegates;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to 
the  Forty-seventh  and  Forty-eighth  Congresses 
(March  4,"  1881-March  3,  1885). 

Hobson,  Richard  Pearson,  a  Representative 
from  Alabama;  born  in  Greensboro,  Ala.,  August 
17,  1870;  attended  the  Southern  university,  the 
United  States  naval  academy,  the  French  national 
school  of  naval  design;  served  in  the  United  States 
navy  from  1885  to  1903;  Democratic  elector  at 
large,  Alabama,  in  1904;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to 


the  Sixtieth  and  Sixty-first  Congresses  (March  4, 
1907-March  3,  1911).  Reelected  to  the  Sixty-second 
Congress. 

Hodges,  Asa,  a  Representative  from  Arkansas; 
born  in  Lawrence  county,  Ala.,  January  22,  1822; 
moved  to  Marion,  Ark.;  studied  law;  was  admitted 
to  the  bar  in  1849  and  practiced  until  1860;  dele- 
gate in  the  state  constitutional  convention  of  1867; 
state  representative  in  1868,  and  state  senator  1870- 
1873;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Forty-third 
Congress  (March  4,  1873-March  3,  1875);  died  near 
Marion,  Ark.,  June  6,  1900. 

Hodges,  Charles  D.,  a  Representative  from 
Illinois;  elected  to  the  Thirty-fifth  Congress,  to 
fill  vacancy  caused  by  the  death  of  Thomas  L. 
Harris,  and  served  from  January,  1859,  to  March 
3,  1859. 

Hodges,  George  Tisdale,  a  Representative 
from  Vermont;  born  in  Clarendon,  Vt.,  July  4, 
1789;  attended  the  common  schools-  engaged  in 
business  in  Rutland,  Vt. ;  member  of  the  state  house* 
of  representatives  1827-1829,  and  1839-1840;  state 
senator  1845-1847,  and  president  pro  tempore  of  the 
senate  1846-1847 ;  presidential  elector  in  1848;  presi- 
dent of  the  Bank  of  Rutland  for  over  twenty-five 
years;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Thirty-fourth 
Congress,  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  the  death  of 
James  Meacham,  and  served  from  December  1, 
1856,  to  March  3,  1857;  died  in  Rutland,  Vt.,  Au- 
gust 9, 1860. 

Hodges,  James  Leonard,  a  Representative 
from  Massachusetts;  born  in  Taunton,  Bristol 
county,  Mass.,  April  24,  1790;  attended  the  com- 
mon schools;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar; 
a  bank  cashier,  and  postmaster  of  Taunton;  member 
of  the  state  constitutional  convention  of  1820;  state 
senate  1823-1824;  elected  to  the  Twentieth,  Twenty 
first,  and  Twenty-second  Congress  (March  4,  1827- 
March  3,  1833);  died  in  Taunton,  Bristol  county, 
Mass.,  March  8,  1846. 

Hoffecker,  John  Henry,  a  Representative  from 
Delaware;  born  at  Mansion  House,  near  Smyrna, 
Del.,  September  12,  1827;  attended  public  and 
private  schools  and  was  graduated  in  civil  engin- 
eering; began  practice  in  Smyrna  in  1853;  elected 
delegate  to  the  Republican  national  convention  in 
Cincinnati  in  1876,  and  in  Chicago  in  1884;  elected 
a  member  of  the  general  assembly  in  1888,  and  on 
January  1,  1889,  chosen  speaker  of  the  house 
of  representatives;  elected  president  of  town 
council  in  1878,  and  served  continuously  by  reelec- 
tion to  1898;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Fifty- 
sixth  Congress,  and  served  from  March  4,  1899, 
until  his  death  in  Smyrna,  Del.,  June  16, 1900. 

Hoffecker,  Walter  Oakley,  a  Representative 
from  Delaware;  bom  near  Smyrna,  Del.,  Septem- 
ber 20,  1854;  attended  public  schools;  was  gradu- 
ated from  Smyrna  seminary  in  1872;  in  September, 
1873,  entered  Lehigh  university;  studied  civil  en- 
gineering and  followed  that  profession;  president 
of  Philadelphia  and  Smyrna  transportation  com- 
pany; elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Fifty-sixth 
Congress,  to  fill  the  vacancy  caused  by  the  death  of 
his  father  and  served  from  December  3,  1900,  until 
March  3,  1091;  resumed  business  activities  in 
Smyrna,  Del. 

Hoffman,  Henry  William,  a  Representative 
from  Maryland;  born  in  Cumberland,  Md.,  Novem- 
ber 10,  1825;  attended  the  public  schools,  the 
Allegheny  county  academy,  and  was  graduated 


732 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTOEY. 


from  Jefferson  sounty,  Pa.,  in  1846;  studied  law, 
and  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1848;  elected 
as  an  American  to  the  Thirty-fourth  Congress 
(March  4,  ISS^MarchS,  1857);  defeated  for  reelec- 
tion to  the  Thirty-fifth  Congress;  elected  Sergeant 
at  Arms  of  the  House  in  the  Thirty-sixth  Congress; 
collector  of  customs  in  Baltimore  1861-1866;  asso- 
ciate judge  of  the  sixth  Maryland  circuit;  died 
in  Cumberland,  Md.,  July  28,  1895. 

Hoffman,  Michael,  a  Representative  from  New 
York;  born  in  Half  Moon,  Saratoga  county,  N.  Y., 
October  11,  1787;  completed  academic  studies; 
studied  medicine  and  law;  was  admitted  to  the 
bar  and  began  practice  in  Herkimer,  N.  Y.;  dis- 
trict attorney  1823-1825;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to 
the  Nineteenth,  Twentieth,  Twenty-first,  and 
Twenty-second  Congresses  (March  4,  1825-March  3, 
1833);  county  judge  1830-1833;  canal  commissioner 
of  New  York  1833-1835;  register  of  the  land  office 
at  Saginaw,  Mich.,  in  1836;  returned  to  Herkimer, 
N.  Y. ;  member  of  the  state  house  of  representatives 
in  1841,  1842,  and  1844;  delegate  to  the  state  con- 
stitutional convention  of  1846;  naval  officer  of 
New  York  City  from  May  3,  1845,  until  his  death, 
in  Brooklyn,  N.  Y.,  September  27,  1848. 

Hoffman,  Ogden,  a  Representative  from  New 
York;  born  in  New  York  City  October  13,  1794; 
pursued  classical  studies,  and  was  graduated  from 
Columbia  college  in  181 2;  served  for  three  years  in 
the  navy,  and  was  warranted  a  midshipman  in 
1814;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and 
began  practice  in  Goshen,  Orange  county;  district 
attorney  of  that  county  1823;  member  of  the  legis- 
lature in  1825;  returned  to  New  York  City;  mem- 
ber of  the  state  house  of  representatives  in  1826 
and  1828;  district  attorney  of  the  city  and  county 
of  New  York  1829-1835;  elected  as  a  Whig  to  the 
Twenty-fifth  and  Twenty-sixth  Congresses  (March 
4,  1837-March  3,  1841);  United  States  district  at- 
torney at  New  York  1841-1845;  attorney  general 
of  the  state  November  8, 1853,  to  November  7, 1855; 
died  in  New  York  City  May  1,  1856. 

Hogan,  John,  a  Representative  from  Missouri; 
born  in  Mallow,  county  Cork,  Ireland,  January  2, 
1805;  emigrated  to  the  United  States  in  1817;  lo- 
cated in  Baltimore,  Md.;  apprenticed  to  learn  the 
shoemaker's  trade;  received  a  limited  schooling; 
went  West  in  1826,  and  in  1831  entered  business  in 
Madison,  111.;  president  of  the  Illinois  board  of 
public  works  1834-1837;  member  of  the  state  legis- 
lature in  1836;  register  of  the  land  office  at  Dixon, 
111.,  1841-1845;  moved  to  St.  Louis,  Mo.,  and  en- 
gaged in  business;  postmaster  of  St.  Louis  1857- 
1861;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Thirty-ninth 
Congress  (March  4,  1865-March  3,  1867). 

Hogan,  William,  a  Representative  from  New 
York;  born  in  New  York  City  in  1792;  when  young 
went  to  Cape  Colony,  where  he  learned  the  Dutch 
language;  returned  to  New  York;  pursued  class- 
ical studies,  and  was  graduated  from  Columbia  col- 
lege; studied  law  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar; 
founded  the  town  of  Hogansburg,  Franklin  county; 
member  of  the  state  house  of  rep  es  -ntatives  in  1823 ; 
county  judge  of  the  county;  elected  as  a  Jackson 
Democrat  to  the  Twenty-second  Congress  (March 
4,  1831-March  3,  1833);  county  judge  1829-1837; 
died  in  Washington,  D.  C.,  November  25,  1874. 

Hoge,  John,  a  Representative  from  Pennsyl- 
vania; born  near  Carlisle,  Pa.,  September  10,  1760; 
pursued  English  studies;  served  in  the  Revolu- 
tionary war  as  ensign  of  the  ninth  Pennsylvania 


regiment;  moved  to  western  Pennsylvania  in  1782, 
here  his  fathe  ,  David  Hoge,  had  founded  the 
town  of  Washington  the  previou's  year;  delegate 
to  the  state  constitutional  convention  in  1790; 
member  of  the  state  senate  1790-1794;  elected  to 
the  Eighth  Congress,  to  fil'.  vacancy  caused  by  the 
resignation  of  his  brother,  William  Hoge,  and  served 
from  November  27,  1804,  to  March  3,  1805;  died 
near  Washington,  Pa.,  August  4,  1824. 

Hoge,  John  Blair,  a  Representative  from  West 
Virginia;  born  in  Richmond,  Va.,  February  2, 
1825;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in 
April,  1845;  chosen  president  of  the  Bank  of 
Berkeley,  in  Virginia,  in  1853;  served  in  the  Vir- 
ginia house  of  delegates  1855  to  1859;  delegate  from 
Virginia  to  the  Democratic  convention  of  1860  in 
Charleston  and  Baltimore;  entered  the  Confed- 
erate service,  and  served  in  line  and  staff  until 
paroled  in  1865;  subsequently  engaged  in  jour- 
nalism; resumed  the  practice  of  law  in  West  Vir- 
ginia in  1870;  elected  to  the  constitutional  conven- 
tion of  that  state  in  1871;  member  of  the  national 
Democratic  committee  1872-1876;  judge  of  the 
third  judicial  circuit  in  1872,  which  office  he  re- 
signed in  August,  1880;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to 
the  Forty-seventh  Congress  (March  4,  1881-March 
3,  1883);  appointed  United  States  district  attorney 
for  the  District  of  Columbia;  died  in  Martinsburg, 
W.  Va.,  March  1,  1896. 

Hoge,  Joseph  Pendleton,  a  Representative 
from  Illinois;  born  in  Steubenville,  Ohio,  Decem- 
ber 15,  1810;  attended  the  common  schools  and  was 
graduated  from  Jefferson  college;  moved  to  Illinois 
and  located  in  Galena  in  1836;  studied  law  and 
was  admitted  to  the  bar;  held  several  local  offices; 
elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Twenty-eighth  and 
Twenty-ninth  Congresses  (March  4,  1843-March  3, 
1847);  moved  to  California  in  1853  and  was  presi- 
dent of  the  state  constitutional  convention  of  1878, 
and  of  the  board  of  freeholders  in  1880;  judge  of 
the  superior  court  from  January  1,  1889,  until  his 
death,  in  San  Francisco,  Cal.,  August  14,  1891. 

Hoge,  Solomon  La  Fayette,  a  Representa- 
tive from  South  Carolina;  born  in  Logan  county, 
Ohio,  July  11,  1836;  received  a  classical  education; 
studied  law,  was  graduated  from  the  Cincinnati  law 
school  in  1859,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  began 
practice  in  Belief  on  taine,  Ohio;  entered  the  Union 
Army  in  1861  as  first  lieutenant  in  the  Ohio  volun- 
teer infantry  and  promoted  to  captain ;  elected  as- 
sociate justice  of  the  state  supreme  court;  elected 
as  a  Republican  to  the  Forty-first  Congress  (March 
4,  1869-March  3,  1871);  comptroller  general  of 
South  Carolina  1874-1875;  reelected  to  the  Forty- 
fourth  Congress  (March  4,  1875-March  3,  1877); 
moved  to  Kenton,  Ohio,  in  September,  1877,  and 
practiced  law  until  1882;  president  of  the  first 
national  bank  of  Kenton;  died  in  Battle  Creek, 
Mich.,  February  23,  1909. 

Hoge,  William,  a  Representative  from  Pennsyl- 
vania; born  near  Carlisle,  Pa.,  in  1762;  received  a 
limited  schooling;  moved  to  western  Pennsylvania 
in  1782,  and  with  his  brother,  John,  founded  the 
town  of  Washington,  Pa.;  elected  to  the  Seventh 
and  Eighth  Congresses,  and  served  from  March  4, 
1801,  until  his  resignation  in  1804;  elected  to  the 
Tenth  Congress  (March  4,  1807-March  3,  1809); 
died  in  Washington,  Pa.,  September  25,  1814. 

Hogeboom,  James  L.,  a  Representative  from 
New  York;  a  member  of  the  state  house  of  represen- 
tatives in  1804-1805  and  1808;  judge  of  Rensselaer 


BIOGRAPHIES. 


733 


county  1805-1808;  member  of  the  state  constitu- 
tional convention  of  1821;  elected  to  the  Eighth- 
eenth  Congress  (March  4,  1823-March  3,  1825). 

Hogg,  Charles  Edgar,  a  Representative  from 
West  Virginia;  born  near  Point  Pleasant,  W.  Va., 
December  21,  1852;  attended  the  common  schools, 
and  Carl  ton  college;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to 
the  bar  and  began  practice  in  May,  1875;  served 
four  years  as  county  superintendent  of  free  schools 
of  Mason  county,  1875-1879;  Democratic  presiden- 
tial elector  in  1884;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the 
Fiftieth  Congress  (March  4,  1887-March  3,  1889); 
resumed  the  practice  of  law  in  Point  Pleasant, 
W.  Va. 

Hogg,  Herschel  Millard,  a  Representative 
from  Colorado;  born  in  Youngstown,  Ohio,  Novem- 
ber 21,  1853;  was  graduated  from  Monmouth  col- 
lege, Illinois,  June,  1876;  admitted  to  practice  law 
by  the  supreme  court  of  Illinois,  June  17,  1878; 
elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Fifty-eighth  and 
Fifty-ninth  Congresses  (March  4,  1903-March  3, 
1907);  resumed  the  practice  of  law  in  Cortez,  Colo. 

Hogg,  Samuel,  a  Representative  from  Ten- 
nessee; born  in  Caswell  county,  N.  C.,  April  18, 
1783;  studied  medicine  and  located  in  Smith 
county,  Tenn.,  and  practiced;  moved  to  Lebanon 
county,  Tenn.;  commissioned  a  surgeon  in  a  Ten- 
nessee regiment  of  volunteers  in  1812,  and  was  at 
the  battle  of  New  Orleans,  January  8,  1815;  elected 
to  the  Fifteenth  Congress  (March  4,  1817-March  3, 
1819);  president  of  the  state  medical  society  of 
Tennessee  in  1840;  died  in  Davidson  county,  Tenn., 
May  28,  1842. 

Holbrook,  E.  D.,  a  Delegate  from  Idaho;  born 
in  Elyria,  Ohio,  in  1836;  attended  the  public 
schools;  studied  law  and  was  admitted  to  practice; 
removed  to  Idaho  City,  Idaho;  elected  as  a  Demo- 
crat to  the  Thirty-ninth  and  Fortieth  Congresses 
(March  4,  1865-March  3,  1869);  died  in  Idaho  City, 
Idaho,  June  18,  1870. 

Holcombe,  George,  a  Representative  from  New 
Jersey;  born  in  Lambertsville,  N.  J.,  in  1786;  com- 
pleted preparatory  studies  and  in  1805  was  gradu- 
ated from  Princeton  college;  studied  medicine  and 
began  practice  in  Allentown,  N.  J.;  held  several 
local  offices;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Seven- 
teenth, Eighteenth,  Nineteenth,  and  Twentieth 
Congresses,  and  served  from  March  4,  1821,  until 
his  death,  in  Allentown,  N.  J.,  January  14,  1828. 

Holladay,  Alexander  Richmond,  a  Represen- 
tative from  Virginia;  born  in  Prospect  Hill,  Spot- 
Bylvania  county,  Va. ,  September  18, 1811 ;  attended 
the  public  schools,  received  special  training  under 
John  Lewis  of  Spottsylvania  county,  and  attended 
the  University  of  Virginia;  studied  law,  was  ad- 
mitted to  the  bar,  and  practiced  in  Spottsylvania, 
Orange,  and  Louisa  counties;  member  of  the  state 
legislature,  and  held  several  local  offices;  elected 
as  a  Democrat  to  the  Thirty-first  and  Thirty-second 
Congresses  (March  4,  1819-March  3,  1853);  declined 
a  renomination;  moved  to  Richmond,  Va.,  in  1853, 
and  practiced  law;  president  of  the  Virginia  board 
of  public  works  1857-1861;  died  in  Richmond,  Va., 
January  29,  1877. 

Holland,  Cornelius,  a  Representative  from 
Maine;  born  in  Maine,  July  9,  1783;  studied  medi- 
cine and  practiced  in  Canton,  Me.;  a  delegate  to 
the  constitutional  convention  in  1819  that  estab- 
lished the  state  of  Maine;  member  of  the  state  house 


of  representatives  1820  and  1821,  and  of  the  state 
senate  1822,  1825,  and  1826;  elected  to  the  Twenty- 
first  Congress,  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  the  resig- 
nation of  James  W.  Ripley;  reelected  to  the  Twen- 
ty-second Congress,  and  served  from  December  6 
1830,  to  March  3,  1833;  died  in  Canton,  Me.,  June 

2,  1870. 

Holland,  James,  a  Representative  from  North 
Carolina;  born  in  Tryon  county,  N.  C.,  in  1754; 
received  a  limited  schooling;  studied  law  and  was 
admitted  to  the  bar;  held  several  local  offices; 
elected  to  the  Fourth  Congress  (March  4,  1795- 
March  3, 1797);  reelected  to  the  Seventh  and  to  the 
four  succeeding  Congresses  (March  4,  1801-March 

3,  1811). 

Holleman,  Joel,  a  Representative  from  Vir- 
ginia; born  in  Isle  of  Wight  county,  Va.,  October 
1,  1799;  completed  preparatory  studies;  studied 
law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  and  began  practice 
in  Burwell  Bay;  elected  as  a  Van  Buren  Democrat 
to  the  Twenty-sixth  Congress,  and  served  from 
March  4,  1839,  until  1840,  when  he  resigned;  again 
elected  a  member  of  the  state  house  of  representa- 
tives and  served  as  speaker;  died  in  Smithfield, 
Va.,  August  5,  1844. 

Holley,  John  M.,  a  Representative  from  New 
York;  born  in  Salisbury,  Conn.,  November,  1802; 
was  graduated  from  Yale  college  in  1822;  studied 
law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1825,  and  began 
practice  in  Lyons,  N.  Y.;  served  in  the  state  house 
of  representatives  1838-1841;  district  attorney  of 
Wayne  county  1842-1845;  elected  as  a  Whig  to  the 
Thirtieth  Congress,  and  served  from  December  6, 
1847,  until  his  death  in  Jacksonville,  Fla.,  March 
8,  1848. 

Holliday,  Elias  Selah,  a  Representative  from 
Indiana;  born  in  Aurora,  Ind.,  March  5, 1842;  spent 
the  early  part  of  life  on  farms  in  Indiana,  Missouri, 
and  Iowa;  attended  the  common  schools,  and  was  a 
teacher  in  the  public  schools  of  Iowa;  enlisted  in 
the  Civil  war  in  the  fifth  Kansas  regiment,  and 
served  until  August  12,  1864,  when  he  was  mus- 
tered out  with  the  rank  of  first  sergeant;  attended 
Harts ville  college  and  studied  law;  moved  to 
Carbon,  Clay  county,  in  1873;  was  admitted  to  the 
bar  and  practiced;  located  in  Brazil,  Ind.,  in  1874; 
elected  mayor  three  times;  presidential  elector 
on  the  Elaine  ticket;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the 
Fifty-seventh,  Fifty-eighth,  Fifty-ninth,  and  Six- 
tieth Congresses  (March  4,  1901-March  3,  1909);  re- 
sumed the  practice  of  law  in  Brazil,  Ind. 

Hollingsworth,  David  A.,  a  Representative 
from  Ohio;  born  in  Belmont,  Belmont  county,  Ohio, 
November  21, 1844 ;  moved  with  parents  to  Flushing, 
Ohio;  attended  public  schools  and  Mount  Union 
college;  served  in  the  Union  army  in  company  B, 
twenty-fifth  Ohio  volunteer  infantry;  studied  law, 
and  was  admitted  to  the  bar  September  17, 1867,  in 
St.  Glairs  ville,  Ohio;  mayor  of  Flushing  the  same 
year;  located  in  Cadiz,  Ohio,  and  began  the  prac- 
tice of  law  in  September,  1869;  elected  prosecuting 
attorney  of  Harrison  county  in  1873,  and  reelected 
in  1875;  in  1879  was  elected  state  senator,  and  re- 
elected  in  1881;  chairman  of  the  Ohio  Republican 
state  convention  in  1882;  appointed  attorney  gen- 
eral of  Ohio  in  1883;  declined  to  be  a  candidate  for 
election,  and  at  the  close  of  his  term,  January  14, 
1884,  resumed  the  practice  of  law  in  Cadiz;  one  of 
the  organizers  of  the  Ohio  state  bar  association,  and 
in  1908  acted  as  its  chairman;  elected  as  a  Republi- 
can to  the  Sixty-first  Congress  (March  4,  1909- 


734 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIEECTORY. 


March  3, 1911);  defeated  for  reelection;  resumed  the 
practice  of  law  in  Cadiz,  Ohio. 

Hollo  way,  David.  P.,  a  Representative  from 
Indiana;  born  in  Waynesville,  Ohio,  December  6, 
1809;  moved  with  his  parents  to  Cincinnati  in  1813; 
attended  the  common  schools;  apprentice  to  a 
printer,  and  for  four  years  worked  on  the  Cincin- 
nati Gazette;  established  the  Richmond  Palladium 
in  1832;  served  in  both  branches  of  the  Indiana 
state  legislature  1843-1853;  elected  as  a  Republican 
to  the  Thirty-fourth  Congress  (March  4,  1855- 
March  3,  1857);  Commissioner  of  Patents  from 
March  28,  1861,  to  August  17,  1865;  died  in  Wash- 
ington, D.  C.,  September  10,  1883. 

Holman,  William  Steele,  a  Representative 
from  Indiana;  born  in  Dearborn  county,  Ind.,  Sep- 
tember 6,  1822;  attended  the  common  schools,  and 
Franklin  college,  Indiana,  for  two  years;  studied 
and  practiced  law;  judge  of  probate  1843-1846; 
prosecuting  attorney  1847-1849;  member  of  the 
constitutional  convention  of  Indiana  in  1850; 
member  of  the  legislature  in  1851-1852;  judge  of 
the  court  of  common  pleas  1852-1856;  elected  as  a 
Democrat  to  the  Thirty-sixth,  Thirty-seventh,  and 
Thirty-eighth  Congresses  (March  4,  1859-March  3, 
1865);  reelected  to  the  Fortieth,  Forty-first,  Forty- 
second,  Forty -third,  and  Forty-fourth  Congresses 
(March  4,  1867-March  3,  1877);  reelected  to  the 
Forty-seventh,  Forty-eighth,  Forty -ninth,  Fif- 
tieth, Fifty-first,  Fifty-second,  Fifty-third  Con- 
gresses (March  4, 1881-March  3, 1895);  again  elected 
to  the  Fifty-fifth  Congress  and  served  from  March  4, 
1897,  until  his  death  in  Washington,  D.  C.,  April 
22,  1897. 

Holmes,  Adoniram  Judson,  a  Representative 
from  Iowa;  born  in  Wayne  county,  Ohio,  March  2, 
1842;  moved  with  his  parents  to  Palmyra,  Wis.,  in 
1853;  pursued  an  academic  course;  entered  Milton 
college,  Wisconsin,  but  left  in  1862  to  enter  the 
Union  Army,  where  he  served  until  the  close  of  the 
war;  studied  law  in  Janesville  and  was  admitted 
to  the  bar;  afterwards  was  graduated  from  the  law 
department  of  the  university  of  Michigan  in  1867 ; 
commenced  practice  in  Boone,  Iowa,  in  1868; 
member  of  the  state  house  of  representatives  1882- 
1883;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Forty-eighth, 
Forty-ninth,  and  Fiftieth  Congresses  (March  4, 
1883-March  3,  1889);  was  Sergeant  at  arms  of  the 
National  House  of  Representatives  in  the  Fifty- 
first  Congress;  resumed  the  practice  of  law  in  Boone, 
Iowa. 

Holmes,  David,  a  Representative  from  Vir- 
ginia; born  in  Mary  Ann  Furnace,  York  county,  Pa., 
March  10,  1770;  pursued  classical  studies;  studied 
law  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar;  held  several  local 
offices;  elected  to  the  Fifth,  and  to  the  five  succeed- 
ing Congresses  (March  4,  1797-March  3,  1809);  ap- 
pointed by  President  Jefferson  governor  of  the 
Territory  of  Mississippi  March  7,  1809,  and  served 
from  July  1, 1809  to  1817,  and  governor  of  the  state 
of  Mississippi  October  7,  1817-January  5,  1820; 
appointed  from  Mississippi  to  the  United  States 
Senate,  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  the  resignation 
of  Walter  Leake,  subsequently  elected,  and  served 
from  August  30,  1820,  to  September  25,  1825,  when 
he  resigned;  returned  to  Winchester,  Va.,  in  1827; 
died  in  Jordon's  Sulphur  Springs,  Va.,  August  20, 
1832;  interment  in  Winchester,  Va. 

Holmes,  Ellas  Bellows,  a  Representative  from 
New  York;  born  in  Fletcher,  Vt.,  May  27,  1807; 
attended  the  public  schools;  attended  a  law  school 


in  Pittsfield,  N.  Y.,  and  in  1830  was  admitted  to 
the  bar,  and  began  practice  in  Brockport,  N.  Y. 
in  1831;  elected  as  a  Whig  to  the  Twenty -ninth  and 
Thirtieth  Congresses  (March  4, 1845-March  3, 1849); 
died  in  Brockport,  N.  Y.,  July  31,  1866. 

Holmes,  Gabriel,  a  Representative  from  North 
Carolina;  born  in  Sampson  county,  N.  C.,  in  1769; 
attended  Harvard  college;  studied  law  in  Raleigh, 
N.  C.,  was  admitted  to  the  bar  and  began  practice 
in  Clinton,  N.  C.;  served  in  the  state  legislature 
1793-1813;  governor  of  North  Carolina  1821-1824; 
elected  to  the  Nineteenth,  Twentieth,  and  Twenty- 
first  Congresses,  and  served  from  March  4,  1825, 
until  his  death,  near  Clinton,  N.  C.,  September 
26,  1829 

Holmes,  Isaac  Edward,  a  Representative  from 
South  Carolina;  born  in  Charleston,  S.  C.,  April  6, 
1796;  was  graduated  from  Yale  college  in  1815; 
studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar  and  began 
practice  in  Charleston;  served  in  the  state  legis- 
lature in  1826-1833;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the 
Twenty-sixth  and  to  the  five  succeeding  Con- 
gresses (March  4,  1839-March  3,  1851);  moved  to 
California  in  1851  and  practiced  law  until  1857, 
when  he  returned  to  South  Carolina;  was  appointed 
a  commissioner  of  the  state  to  confer  with  the  Fed- 
eral Government;  died  in  Charleston,  S.  C.,  Feb- 
ruary 24,  1867. 

Holmes,  John,  a  Representative  from  Massa- 
chusetts and  a  Senator  from  Maine;  born  in  Kings- 
ton, Mass.,  March  14,  1773;  was  graduated  from 
Brown  university  in  1796;  studied  law,  was  admit- 
ted to  the  bar  in  1799,  and  began  practice  in  Alfred, 
Mass,  (now  Maine);  served  in  both  branches  of  the 
Massachusetts  legislature;  elected  as  a  Democrat 
from  Massachusetts  to  the  Fifteenth  and  Sixteenth 
Congresses,  and  served  from  March  4,  1817,  to 
March  15,  1820,  when  he  resigned;  delegate  to  the 
Maine  constitutional  convention;  elected  to  the 
United  States  Senate  from  Maine,  and  served  from 
June  13, 1820,  to  March  3, 1827;  again  elected  to  the 
United  States  Senate,  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  the 
resignation  of  Albion  K.  Parris,  and  served  from 
January  15,  1829,  to  March  3,  1833;  member  of  the 
state  house  of  representatives  1835-1838 ;  appointed 
United  States  attorney  in  1841,  and  served  until  his 
death  in  Portland,  Me.;  July  7,  1843. 

Holmes,  Sidney  T.,  a  Representative  from  New 
York;  born  in  Schaghticoke,  N.  Y.,  August  7, 1815; 
completed  preparatory  studies;  studied  law,  in  1841 
was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  began  practice  in 
Morrisville;  loan  commissioner  for  Madison  county 
1848-1851;  surrogate  for  Madison  county  1851-1864; 
elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Thirty-ninth  Con- 
gress (March  4,  1865-March  3,  1867);  died  in  Bay 
City,  Mich.,  February  17, 1890;  interment  in  Morris- 
ville, N.  Y. 

Holmes,  Uriel,  a  Representative  from  Con- 
necticut; born  in  East  Haddam,  Conn.,  August  26, 
1764;  moved  with  parents  to  Hartland,  Conn.;  at- 
tended common  schools,  and  was  graduated  from 
Yale  college,  in  1784;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to 
the  bar,  and  practiced  in  Litchfield,  Conn.;  mem- 
ber of  state  legislature  1803-1814;  judge  of  the  Litch- 
field county  court  1814-1817;  elected  to  the  Fif- 
teenth Congress,  and  served  from  March  4,  1817, 
until  1818,  when  he  resigned ;  died  in  Canton,  Conn., 
May  18,  1827;  interment  in  Litchfield,  Conn. 

Holsey,  Hopkins,  a  Representative  from  Geor- 
gia; born  in  Virginia  in  1799;  received  a  good  Eng- 


BIOGKAPHIES. 


735 


lish  training;  studied  law  and  was  admitted  to  the 
bar;  moved  to  Georgia,  and  located  in  Hamilton, 
where  he  began  practice;  held  several  local  offices; 
elected  to  the  Twenty-fourth  and  Twenty-fifth 
Congresses  (March  4,  1835-March  3,  1839); 'moved 
to  Athens,  Ga.,  and  engaged  in  the  newspaper  busi- 
ness; died  in  Columbus,  Ga.,  March  31,  1859. 

Holt,  Hines,  a  Representative  from  Georgia; 
a  native  of  that  state;  completed  preparatory 
studies;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and 
practiced  in  Columbus,  Ga.;  elected  as  a  Whig  to 
the  Twenty-sixth  Congress,  to  fill  vacancy  caused 
by  the  resignation  of  Walter  T.  Colquitt,  and  served 
from  February  1, 1841,  to  March  3, 1841;  member  of 
the  state  senate  in  1859;  member  of  the  first  Con- 
federate congress  1862-1864;  member  of  the  consti- 
tutional convention  of  1865;  died  in  Columbus,  Ga. 

Holt,  Orrin,  a  Representative  from  Connecticut; 
born  in  Willington,  Conn.,  March  13, 1792 ;  received 
a  limited  schooling;  studied  law  and  was  admitted 
to  the  bar;  member  of  the  state  house  of  representa- 
tives 1830-1832 ;  state  senator  in  1835,  and  resigned ; 
elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Twenty-fourth  and 
Twenty-fifth  Congresses  (March  4,  1835-March  3, 
1839);  interested  in  military  organizations  of  the 
state  and  held  official  ranks  up  to  inspector  gen- 
eral; died  in  Willington,  Conn.,  June  20,  1855. 

Holton,  Samuel,  a  Delegate  and  a  Representa- 
tive from  Massachusetts;  born  in  Danvers,  Mass., 
June  9,  1738;  completed  preparatory  studies; 
studied  medicine  and  practiced;  member  of  the 
state  house  of  representatives  for  nine  years;  state 
senator  for  five  years;  member  of  the  governor's 
council  twelve  years;  a  member  of  the  Continental 
Congress  1778-1787;  elected  president  pro  tempore 
August  17,  1785;  member  of  state  constitutional 
convention  of  1788;  elected  to  the  Third  Congress 
March  4,  1793-March  3,  1795);  judge  of  the  probate 
court  for  Essex  county  for  a  number  of  years;  died 
in  Danvers,  Mass.,  January  2,  1816. 

Holton,  Hart  Benton,  a  Representative  from 
Maryland;  born  in  Cecil  county,  Md.,  October  13 
1835;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Forty-eighth 
Congress  (March  4,  1883-March  3,  1885);  died  in 
Woodlawn,  Md.,  January  4,  1907. 

Hook,  Enos,  a  Representative  from  Pennsyl- 
vania; born  in  Waynesburg,  Greene  county,  Pa., 
December  3,  1804;  received  a  limited  schooling; 
member  of  the  state  legislature  one  term;  elected 
as  a  Democrat  to  the  Twenty-sixth  and  Twenty- 
seventh  Congresses,  and  served  from  March  4,  1839, 
until  April  18,  1841,  when  he  resigned;  died  in 
Waynesburg,  Pa.,  July  15,  1841. 

Hooker  Charles  Edward,  a  Representative 
from  Mississippi;  born  in  Union  district,  S.  C.,  in 
1825;  was  graduated  from  the  Cambridge  law 
school;  moved  to  Jackson,  Miss.,  and  entered  upon 
practice;  elected  district  attorney  of  the  River 
district  in  1850;  elected  to  the  state  legislature  in 
1859,  and  resigned  his  seat  to  enter  the  Confederate 
army;  promoted  to  the  rank  of  colonel  of  cavalry, 
and  assigned  to  duty  on  the  military  court  attached 
to  General  Folk's  command;  elected  attorney  gen- 
eral of  the  state  in  1865,  and  reelected  in  1868;  in 
common  with  the  other  civil  officers  of  the  state 
was  removed  by  the  military  authorities;  elected 
as  a  Democrat  to  the  Forty-fourth,  Forty-fifth, 
Forty-sixth,  and  Forty-seventh  Congresses  (March 
4,  1875-March  3,  1883);  reelected  to  the  Fiftieth, 
Fifty-first,  Fifty-second,  and  Fifty-third  Con- 


gresses (March  4,  1887-March  3,  1895),  and  again 
elected  to  the  Fifty-seventh  Congress  (March  4, 
1901-March,  3,  1903). 

Hooker,  Warren  Brewster,  a  Representative 
from  New  York;  born  in  Perrysburg,  Cattaraugus 
county,  N.  Y.,  November  24,  1856;  completed  an 
academic  course;  studied  law,  and  was  admitted 
to  the  bar;  special  surrogate  of  Chautauqua  county; 
supervisor  of  his  town  two  terms;  elected  as  a 
Republican  to  the  Fifty-second,  and  to  the  three 
succeeding  Congresses  and  served  from  March  4, 
1891,  to  November  10,  1898,  when  he  resigned, 
having  been  appointed  a  justice  of  the  supreme 
court  of  New  York,  and  in  1899  was  elected  for  a  full 
term. 

Hooks,  Charles,  a  Representative  from  North 
Carolina;  born  in  Bertie  county,  N.  C.,  February 
20,  1768;  member  of  state  house  of  commons  1801- 
1805;  state  senator  1810-1811;  elected  as  a  Demo- 
crat to  the  Fourteenth  Congress,  to  fill  vacancy 
caused  by  the  resignation  of  William  R.  King, 
and  served  from  December  2,  1816,  to  March  3, 
1817;  reelected  to  the  Sixteenth,  Seventeenth,  and 
Eighteenth  Congresses  (March  4,  1819-March  3, 
1825);  moved  to  Alabama  in  1826;  died  in  Mont- 
gomery county,  Ala.,  October  18,  1843. 

Hooper,  Benjamin  Stephen,  a  Representa- 
tive from  Virginia;  born  in  Buckingham  county, 
Va.,  March  6,  1835;  attended  the  common  schools; 
engaged  in  mercantile  business  and  the  manufac- 
ture of  tobacco;  elected  as  a  Readjuster  to  the 
Forty-eighth  Congress  (March  4,  1883-March  3, 
1885);  died  in  Farmville,  Va.,  January  17,  1898. 

Hooper,  Samuel,  a  Representative  from  Massa- 
chusetts; born  in  Marblehead,  Mass.,  February  3, 
1808;  attended  the  common  schools;  became  a 
merchant;  served  several  terms  in  both  branches 
of  the  legislature;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the 
Thirty-seventh  Congress,  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by 
the  resignation  of  William  Appleton;  reelected  to 
the  Thirty-eighth,  Thirty-ninth,  Fortieth,  Forty- 
first,  Forty-second,  and  Forty-third  Congresses,  and 
served  from  December  2,  1861,  until  his  death,  in 
Washington,  D.  C.,  February  13,  1875. 

Hooper,  William,  a  Delegate  from  North  Caro- 
lina; born  in  Boston,  Mass.,  June  17,  1742;  was 
graduated  from  Harvard  college  in  1760;  studied 
law,  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar;  moved  to  Wil- 
mington, N.  C.,  in  1767,  where  he  began  practice; 
member  of  the  state  house  of  representatives  in 
1773;  Delegate  to  the  Continental  Congress  1774— 
1777;  a  signer  of  the  Declaration  of  Independence; 
mover  for  the  first  provincial  congress  in  1774; 
prominent  in  Revolutionary  movements;  mem- 
ber of  state  assembly  1777-1778;  in  1786  a  member 
of  the  commission  to  settle  a  boundary  dispute 
between  Massachusetts  and  New  York;  died  in 
Hillsboro,  N.  C.,  October,  1790. 

Hooper,  William  Henry,  a  Delegate  from  Utah 
territory;  born  in  Cambridge,  Dorchester  county, 
Md.,  December  25,  1813;  attended  the  common 
schools;  became  a  merchant;  moved  to  Illinois  in 
1835  and  engaged  in  trade  upon  the  Mississippi; 
removed  to  Utah  in  1850;  served  in  the  territorial 
legislature  and  as  secretary  of  the  territory;  elected 
a  Delegate  from  Utah  to  the  Thirty-sixth  Congress 
(March  4,  1859-March  3,  1861);  reelected  to  the 
Thirty-ninth,  Fortieth,  Forty-first,  and  Forty- 
second  Congresses  (March  4,  1865-March  3,  1873); 
engaged  in  business  in  Salt  Lake  City. 


736 


CONGRESSIONAL   DIRECTORY. 


Hopkins,  Albert  Cole,  a  Representative  from 
Pennsylvania;  born  in  Villanovia,  Chautauqua 
county,  N.  Y.,  September  15,  1837;  attended 
various  schools;  engaged  in  mercantile  business  in 
Troy,  Pa.,  where  he  remained  until  1867;  moved 
to  Lock  Haven,  Clinton  county,  Pa.,  that  year  and 
engaged  in  the  lumber  business;  elected  as  a  Re- 
publican to  the  Fifty-second  and  Fifty-third  Con- 
fresses  (March  4,  1891-March  3,  1895);  resumed 
usiness;  state  forestry  commissioner  1899-1904; 
died  in  Lock  Haven,  Pa.,  June  9,  1911. 

Hopkins,  Albert  Jeremiah,  a  Representative 
and  Senator  from  Illinois;  born  in  Dekalb  county, 
111.,  August  15,  1846;  was  graduated  from  Hillsdale 
(Mich.)  college  in  June,  1870;  studied  law  and 
commenced  practice  in  Aurora,  111.;  state's  attor- 
ney of  Kane  county  from  1872  to  1876;  member  of 
the  Republican  state  central  committee  1878^1880; 
presidential  elector  on  the  Elaine  and  Logan  ticket, 
1884;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Forty-ninth 
and  to  the  eight  succeeding  Congresses  (March  4, 
1885-March  3,  1903);  elected  to  the  United  States 
Senate  and  served  from  March  4,  1903,  to  March  3, 
1909;  defeated  for  reelection  and  resumed  the  prac- 
tice of  law  in  Aurora,  111. 

Hopkins,  Benjamin  Franklin,  a  Representa- 
tive from  Wisconsin;  born  in  Hebron,  N.  Y.,  April 
22,  1829;  attended  the  public  schools  and  became 
a  telegraph  operator;  moved  to  Madison,  Wis.,  in 
1849;  private  secretary  to  Governor  Bashfourd, 
1856-1857;  member  of  the  state  senate  in  1861  and 
of  the  state  house  of  representatives  in  1865; 
elected  to  the  Fortieth  and  Forty-first  Congresses 
and  served  from  March  4,  1867,  until  his  death,  in 
Madison,  Wis.,  January  1,  1870. 

Hopkins,  Frank  A.,  a  Representative  from 
Kentucky;  born  in  Jeffersonville,  Tazewell  county, 
Va.,  May  27,  1853;  attended  the  Tazewell  high 
school;  studied  law  and  was  admitted  to  the 
bar  in  November,  1873;  in  January,  1874  moved  to 
Prestonsburg,  Ky.,  where  he  was  admitted  to  the 
bar;  commissioner  of  common  schools  1882-1884; 
in  August,  1890,  member  of  the  state  constitu- 
tional convention;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the 
Fifty-eighth  and  Fifty-ninth  Congresses  (March  4. 
1903-March  3,  1907). 

Hopkins,  George  Washington,  a  Representa- 
tive from  Virginia;  born  in  Goochland  county,  Va., 
February  22,  1804;  attended  the  common  schools; 
studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  began 
practice  in  Lebanon,  Va.;  member  of  the  state 
house  of  representatives  1833-1834;  elected  as  a 
Democrat  to  the  Twenty-fourth  and  to  the  five 
succeeding  Congresses  (March  4,  1835-March  3, 
1847);  charge"  d'affaires  to  Portugal  March  3,  1847, 
to  October  18,  1849;  again  a  member  of  the  state 
house  of  representatives  in  1849;  judge  of  the  cir- 
cuit court;  elected  to  the  Thirty -fifth  Congress 
(March  4,  1857-March  3,  1859);  again  elected  to  the 
state  house  of  representatives;  died  March  2,  1861. 

Hopkins,  James  H.,  a  Representative  from 
Pennsylvania;  born  in  Washington  county,  Pa., 
November  3, 1832;  was  graduated  from  Washington 
college  in  1850;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the 
bar  in  1852,  and  practiced  in  Pittsburgh,  Pa.,  for 
twenty  years;  interested  in  banking,  manufactur- 
ing, and  mining;  for  several  years  vice  president 
of  the  chamber  of  commerce  of  Pittsburgh;  defeated 
candidate  for  the  Forty-third  Congress;  elected  as 
a  Democrat  to  the  Forty-fourth  Congress  (March  4, 
1875-March  3,  1877);  reelected  to  the  Forty-eighth 


Congress  (March  4,  1883-March  3,  1885);  died  in 
North  Halley,  Canada,  June  17,  1904. 

Hopkins,  N.  T.,  a  Representative  from  Ken- 
tucky; successfully  contested  the  election  of 
Joseph  M.  Kendall  to  the  Fifty-fourth  Congress 
and  served  from  February  18,  1897,  until  March  3, 
1897. 

Hopkins,  Samuel,  a  Representative  from  Ken- 
tucky; born  in  Albemarle  county,  Va.,  April  9, 
1753;  served  in  the  Revolutionary  war;  lieutenant 
colonel  and  colonel  of  the  tenth  Virginia  regiment; 
moved  to  Kentucky  in  1797  and  practiced  law; 
served  several  terms  in  the  state  legislature;  in 
October,  1812,  led  2,000  mounted  volunteers  in 
the  campaign  against  the  Kickapoo  villages  on  the 
Illinois  river,  and  later  up  the  Wabash  river; 
elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Thirteenth  Congress 
(March  4,  1813-March  3,  1815);  died  in  Henderson 
county,  Ky.,  September  16,  1819. 

Hopkins,  Samuel  Isaac,  a  Representative  from 
Virginia;  born  in  Prince  Georges  county,  Md.,  De- 
cember 12,  1843 ;  moved  in  infancy  to  Anne  Arundel 
county,  where  he  attended  the  common  schools; 
while  a  minor  enlisted  in  company  A,  second  Mary- 
land Confederate  infantry,  and  served  during  the 
war;  wounded  several  times;  after  the  war  he  lo- 
cated in  Lynchburg;  elected  as  a  Knight  of  Labor 
to  the  Fiftieth  Congress  (March  4,  1887-March  3, 
1889);  a  resident  of  Lynchburg,  Va. 

Hopkins,  Samuel  Miles,  a  Representative  from 
New  York;  born  in  Salem,  Conn.,  May  9,  1772; 
was  graduated  from  Yale  in  1791;  studied  law  and 
was  admitted  to  the  bar  and  began  practice  in 
LeRoy,  Genesee  county,  N.  Y.,  in  1793;  moved 
to  New  York  City  in  1794  and  practiced  law; 
elected  to  the  Thirteenth  Congress  (March  4,  1813- 
March  3,  1815);  member  of  the  state  house  of  repre- 
sentatives 1820-1821;  moved  to  Albany  in  1821; 
member  of  the  state  senate  in  1822;  reporter  of  the 
New  York  court  of  chancery  1823-1826;  one  of  the 
commissioners  to  build  Sing  Sing  prison  1825-1830; 
judge  of  the  circuit  state  court  1832-1836;  died  in 
Geneva,  N.  Y.,  March  9,  1837. 

Hopkins,  Stephen,  a  Delegate  from  Rhode 
Island;  born  in  Providence,  R.  I.,  March  7,  1707; 
attended  the  public  schools;  moved  to  Providence, 
R.  I.,  in  1731;  member  of  the  colonial  assembly, 
1732-1741,  and  speaker  in  1741;  chief  justice 
of  the  court  of  common  pleas  in  1739  and  of 
the  superior  court  1751-1754;  Delegate  to  the 
Colonial  Congress  which  met  in  Albany  in  1754; 
colonial  governor  of  Rhode  Island  1755,  1756, 
1758-1761,  1763-1764,  and  1767;  again  elected  to 
the  general  assembly  in  1772  and  served  until  1775; 
he  held  three  important  offices  at  the  same  time — 
member  of  the  assembly,  member  of  the  Conti- 
nental Congress,  and  chief  justice  of  Rhode  Island; 
Delegate  in  the  Continental  Congress  1774-1778; 
a  signer  of  the  Declaration  of  Independence;  died 
in  Providence,  R.  I.,  July  13,  1785. 

Hopkins,  Stephen  T.,  a  Representative  from 
New  York;  born  in  New  York  City  March  25, 
1849;  attended  the  Anthon  grammar  school  in 
New  York  City;  was  an  iron  merchant;  member 
of  the  state  assembly  in  1885-1886;  elected  as  a 
Republican  to  the  Fiftieth  Congress  (March  4, 
1887-March  3, 1889) ;  died  in  New  York  City  March 
2,  1892. 

Hopkinson,  Francis,  a  Delegate  from  New  Jer- 
sey; was  born  in  Philadelphia,  Pa.,  September  21, 


BIOGRAPHIES. 


737 


1737;  was  graduated  from  the  University  of  Penn- 
sylvania in  1757 ;  studied  law,  and  in  1765  was  ad- 
mitted to  the  bar;  removed  as  royal  tax  receiver 
when  he  espoused  the  popular  cause;  secretary  in  a 
conference  held  on  the  Lehigh  in  1761  between  the 
state  government  and  certain  Indian  tribes;  settled 
in  Bordentown,  N.  J.;  member  of  the  provincial 
council  1774-1776;  Delegate  in  the  Continental 
Congress  1776-1777;  a  signer  of  the  Declaration  of 
Independence;  chief  of  the  navy  department  under 
the  confederation,  and  treasurer  of  the  Continental 
loan  office;  judge  of  the  admiralty  of  Pennsylvania 
for  ten  years,  1779-1789;  judge  of  the  United  States 
district  court  for  the  eastern  district  of  Pennsyl- 
vania 1790-1791;  died  in  Philadelphia,  Pa.,  May  9, 
1791. 

Hopkinson,  Joseph,  a  Representative  from 
Pennsylvania;  born  in  Philadelphia,  Pa.,  Novem- 
ber 12,  1770;  was  graduated  from  the  University  of 
Pennsylvania  in  1786;  studied  law,  was  admitted 
to  the  bar  in  1791,  and  began  practice  in  Easton, 
Pa.;  returned  to  Philadelphia;  wrote  the  national 
anthem  "Hail,  Columbia"  in  1795;  elected  to  the 
Fourteenth  and  Fifteenth  Congresses  (March  4, 
1815-March  3,  1819);  moved  to  Bordentown,  N.  J., 
member  of  New  Jersey  assembly;  returned  to  Phil- 
adelphia, Pa.;  judge  of  the  United  States  district 
court  eastern  district  of  Pennsylvania  1828-1842; 
delegate  in  the  state  constitutional  convention  of 
1837;  secretary  of  the  board  of  trustees  of  the  Uni- 
versity of  Pennsylvania  1790-1791;  trustee  1806- 
1819,  and  1822-1842;  died  in  Philadelphia,  Pa., 
January  15,  1842. 

Horn,  Henry,  a  Representative  from  Pennsyl- 
vania; born  in  Philadelphia,  Pa.;  completed  pre- 
paratory studies;  elected  as  a  Jackson  Democrat  to 
the  Twenty-second  Congress  (March  4,  1831-March 
3,  1833);  defeated  for  reelection  to  the  Twenty- 
third  Congress. 

Hornbeck,  John  Westbrook,  a  Representative 
from  Pennsylvania;  born  in  Montague,  Sussex 
county,  N.  J.,  January  24,  1804;  completed  pre- 
paratory studies  and  was  graduated  from  Union  col- 
lege, New  York,  in  1827;  studied  law  and  was 
admitted  to  the  bar  of  Lehigh  county,  Pa.,  May  3, 
1830;  elected  as  a  Whig  to  the  Thirtieth  Congress, 
and  served  from  March  4,  1847,  until  his  death  in 
Allentown,  Pa.,  January  16,  1848. 

Hornblower,  Josiah,  a  Delegate  from  New 
Jersey;  born  in  Staffordshire,  England,  February 
23, 1729;  completed  a  preparatory  course,  and  fitted 
himself  as  a  civil  engineer;  emigrated  to  the  United 
States  in  1753,  and  located  in  Belleville,  N.  J.; 
captain  of  a  company  during  the  French  and  Indian 
war,  engaged  in  the  defense  of  New  Jersey;  served 
several  years  as  a  member  of  the  colonial  house  of 
representatives,  and  served  as  speaker  in  1780; 
Delegate  in  the  Continental  Congress  1785-1786; 
judge  of  the  Essex  county  court  1798-1809;  died  in 
Newark,  N.  J.,  January  21,  1809. 

Horr,  Roswell  Gilbert,  a  Representative  from 
Michigan;  born  in  Waitsfield,  Vt.,  November  26, 
1830;  moved  with  his  parents  to  Lorain  county, 
Ohio,  in  1834;  attended  public  schools  and  was 
graduated  from  Antioch  college  in  1857;  the  fall 
after  his  graduation  elected  clerk  of  the  court  of 
common  pleas  of  Lorain  county,  and  reelected  in 
1860;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and 
practiced  in  Elyria,  Lorain  county,  Ohio;  in  the 
spring  of  1866  moved  to  southeastern  Missouri, 
where  he  engaged  in  mining  for  six  years;  moved 

50346°— S.  Doc.  654,  61-2 47 


in  the  spring  of  1872  to  East  Saginaw,  Mich.; 
elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Forty-sixth,  Forty- 
seventh,  and  Forty-eighth  Congresses  (March  4, 
1879-March  3,  1885);  moved  to  New  York  City; 
associate  editor  upon  the  staff  of  the  New  York 
Tribune  until  his  death  in  Plainfield,  N.  J.,  De- 
cember 19,  1896. 

Horsey,  Outerbridge,  a  Senator  from  Dela- 
ware; born  in  Somerset  county,  Del.,  in  1777;  re- 
ceived a  liberal  schooling;  studied  law,  was  ad- 
mitted to  the  bar,  and  began  practice  in  Wilming- 
ton, Del.;  for  many  years  attorney  general  of 
Delaware;  elected  to  the  United  States  Senate,  to 
fill  vacancy  caused  by  the  death  of  Samuel  White; 
reelected,  and  served  from  January  12,  1810,  to 
March  3,  1821;  died  in  Needwood,  Md.,  June  9, 
1842.  '_.:/•- 

Horsf  ord,  Jedediah,  a  Representative  from  New 
York;  native  of  Vermont;  moved  to  Moscow,  N.  Y., 
where  he  held  several  local  offices;  member  of  the 
state  house  of  representatives  in  1831;  elected  to  the 
Thirty-second  Congress  (March  4,  1851-March  3, 
1853). _ 

Horton,  Thomas  B.,  a  Representative  from 
New  York;  native  of  that  state;  elected  as  a  Whig 
to  the  Thirty-fourth  Congress  (March  4, 1855-March 
3,  1857). 

Horton,  Valentine  Baxter,  a  Representative 
from  Ohio;  born  in  Windsor,  Vt.,  January  29,  1802; 
attended  the  Partridge  military  school  and  after- 
wards became  one  of  its  tutors;  studied  law  in 
Middletown,  Conn.,  and  in  1830  was  admitted  to 
the  bar;  moved  to  Pittsburgh,  Pa.,  where  he  began 
practice;  moved  to  Cincinnati,  Ohio,  in  1833,  and 
in  1835  moved  to  Pomeroy,  Ohio,  where  he  engaged 
in  manufacturing;  delegate  to  the  state  constitu- 
tional convention  of  1850;  elected  to  the  Thirty- 
fourth  and  Thirty-fifth  Congresses  (March  4,  1855- 
March  3,  1859);  reelected  to  the  Thirty-seventh 
Congress  (March  4,  1861-March  3,  1863);  died  in 
Pomeroy,  Ohio,  January  14,  1888. 

Hoskins,  George  Gilbert,  a  Representative 
from  New  York;  born  in  Bennington,  N.  Y.,  De- 
cember 24,  1824;  completed  preparatory  studies; 
became  a  merchant;  for  a  number  of  years  town 
clerk  and  justice  of  the  peace;  postmaster  of  Ben- 
nington, N.  Y.,  through  the  administrations  of 
Presidents  Taylor  and  Fillmore,  and  again  under 
Lincoln;  member  of  the  state  house  or  representa- 
tives in  1860,  1865,  and  1866,  and  served  as  speaker 
in  1865;  commissioner  of  public  accounts  1868-1870; 
collector  of  internal  revenue  under  President  Grant 
for  the  twenty-ninth  district  of  New  York  May  1, 
1871,  until  March  4, 1873,  when  he  resigned;  elected 
as  a  Republican  to  the  Forty-third  and  Forty-fourth 
Congresses  (March  4,  1873-March  3,  1877);  lieuten- 
ant governor  of  New  York  1880-1883;  delegate  to 
the  Republican  national  convention  in  Chicago  in 
1880. 

Hosmer,  Hezekiah  L.,  a  Representative  from 
New  York;  was  elected  to  the  Fifth  Congress 
(March  4,  1797-March  3,  1799). 

Hosmer,  Titus,  a  Delegate  from  Connecticut; 
born  in  Watertown,  Conn.,  in  1736;  was  graduated 
from  Yale  college  in  1757;  studied  law  and  was 
admitted  to  the  bar;  member  of  the  state  house  of 
representatives  1773-1778  and  speaker  1777;  Dele- 
gate in  the  Continental  Congress  1777-1779;  judge 
of  the  maritime  court  of  appeals  1780;  died  in 
Watertown,  Conn.,  August  4,  1780. 


738 


CONGRESSIONAL   DIRECTORY. 


Hostetler,  Abraham  J.,  a  Representative  from 
Indiana;  born  in  Washington  county,  Ind.,  No- 
vember 22,  1818;  attended  the  common  schools; 
apprenticed  to  learn  the  blacksmith's  trade;  mem- 
ber of  the  state  senate  1854-1858;  elected  as  a 
Democrat  to  the  Forty-sixth  Congress  (March  4, 
1879-March  3,  1881);  engaged  in  mercantile  pur- 
suits; died  near  Bedford,  Ind.,  November  24,  1899. 

Hostetler,  Abraham  J.,  a  Representative  from 
Indiana;  born  in  Washington  county,  Ind.,  No- 
vember 22,  1818;  attended  the  common  schools; 
raised  on  a  farm;  apprenticed  to  learn  the  black- 
smith's trade;  member  of  the  state  senate  1854- 
1858;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Forty-sixth  Con- 
gress (March  4,  1879-March  3,  1881);  after  his  term 
in  Congress,  engaged  in  the  mercantile  business; 
delegate  in  the  Democratic  national  convention  in 
1880;  died  near  Bedford,  Ind.,  November  24,1899.' 

Hostetter,  Jacob,  a  Representative  from  Penn- 
sylvania; born  near  Hanover,  Pa.,  May  9,  1754; 
attended  the  common  schools;  pioneer  in  the  manu- 
facture of  the  tall  eight-day  clock;  member  of  the 
general  assembly  of  Pennsylvania,  1797-1802; 
elected  as  a  Jefferson  Democrat  to  the  Fifteenth 
Congress,  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  the  resignation 
of  Jacob  Spangler;  reelected  to  the  Sixteenth  Con- 
gress, and  served  from  November  16,  1818,  until 
March  3,  1821;  located  in  Columbiana,  Ohio; 
elected  to  the  state  senate;  died  in  Columbiana, 
Ohio,  June  29,  1831. 

HotchMss,  Giles  Waldo,  a  Representative 
from  New  York;  born  in  Windsor,  Broome  county, 
N.  Y.,  October  25,  1815,  completed  preparatory 
studies;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and 
practiced  in  Binghamton,  N.  Y.;  elected  as  a  Re- 
publican to  the  Thirty-eighth  and  Thirty-ninth 
Congresses  (March  4, 1863-March  3, 1867);  reelected 
to  the  Forty-first  Congress  (March  4,  1869-March 
3,  1871);  died  in  Saratoga,  N.  Y.,  July  5,  1878. 

Hotchkiss,  Julius,  a  Representative  from  Con- 
necticut; born  in  Waterbury,  Conn.,  July  11,  1810; 
attended  the  common  schools;  engaged  in  manu- 
facturing pursuits;  mayor  of  Waterbury  in  1852; 
member  of  the  state  legislature  in  1851  and  1858; 
elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Fortieth  Congress 
(March  4,  1867-March  3,  1869);  lieutenant  governor 
of  Connecticut  in  1870;  died  in  Middletown,  Conn., 
December  23,  1878. 

Houck,  Jacob,  jr.,  a  Representative  from  New 
York;  born  in  Schoharie,  N.  Y.,  January  14,  1801; 
attended  the  common  schools;  studied  law,  and  was 
admitted  to  the  bar;  district  attorney  of  Schoharie 
county  1831-1836;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the 
Twenty-seventh  Congress  (March  4,  1841-March  3, 
1843);  died  in  Schoharie,  N.  Y.,  October  22,  1857. 

Hough,  David,  a  Representative  from  New 
Hampshire;  born  in  Norwich,  Conn.,  March  13, 
1753;  attended  the  common  schools;  ship  carpenter 
and  employed  in  building  ships;  moved  to  Leba- 
non, N.  H.,  in  1778;  member  of  the  state  legisla- 
ture; justice  of  the  peace;  colonel  of  militia;  dele- 
gate in  the  constitutional  convention  of  1783;  com- 
missioner of  valuation  in  1798;  elected  to  the  Eighth 
and  Ninth  Congresses  (March  4,  1803-March  3, 
1807);  died  in  Lebanon,  N.  H.,  April  18,  1831. 

Hough,  William  J.,  a  Representative  from  New 
York;  born  in  Cazenovia,  N.  Y.;  completed  pre- 
paratory studies;  member  of  the  state  house  of 
representatives  in  1835  and  1836;  elected  as  a  Demo- 


crat to  the  Twenty-ninth  Congress  (March  4,  1845- 
March  3,  1847). 

Houghton,  Sherman  Otis,  a  Representative 
from  California;  born  in  New  York,  N.  Y.,  April  10, 
1828;  completed  preparatory  studies;  served  in  the 
Mexican  war;  moved  to  California;  studied  law, 
and  was  admitted  to  the  bar;  mayor  of  San  Jose, 
Cal.,  1855-1856;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the 
Forty -second  and  Forty-third  Congresses  (March  4, 
1871-March  3,  1875);  appointed  commissioner  to 
investigate  the  affairs  of  the  United  States  mint  in 
San  Francisco  in  1881;  moved  to  Los  Angeles  in 
1886  and  continued  to  practice  law;  retired  from 
active  practice  in  1903;  a  resident  of  Los  Angeles. 

Houk,  George  Washington,  a  Representative 
from  Ohio;  born  in  Cumberland  county,  Pa., 
September  25,  1825;  moved  with  his  parents  to 
Dayton,  Ohio,  in  1827;  attended  the  common 
schools;  studied  law  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar 
in  1847;  member  of  the  state  legislature  in  1852- 
1853;  delegate  to  the  Democratic  national  conven- 
tion in  1876;  Democratic  presidential  elector  in 
1884;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Fifty-second 
and  Fifty-third  Congresses,  and  served  from  March 
4,  1891,  until  his  death  in  \Vashington,  D.  C., 
February  9,  1894;  interment  in  Dayton,  Ohio. 

Houk,  John  Chiles,  a  Representative  from 
Tennessee;  born  in  Clinton,  Anderson  county, 
Tenn.,  February  26,  1860;  moved  with  his  parents 
to  Knoxville  in  1870;  was  graduated  from  the 
university  of  Tennessee;  studied  law,  and  was 
admitted  to  the  bar  in  1884;  secretary  of  the  state 
Republican  committee  for  four  years;  assistant 
doorkeeper  of  the  national  House  of  Representa- 
tives in  the  Fifty-first  Congress ;  elected  as  a  Repub- 
lican to  the  Fifty-second  Congress,  to  fill  vacancy 
caused  by  the  death  of  his  father,  Leonidaa  C. 
Houk;  reelected  to  the  Fifty-third  Congress,  and 
served  from  December  7,  1891,  to  March  3,  1895; 
elected  to  the  state  senate  in  1896,  1898,  1900,  and 
again  in  1910;  resumed  the  practice  of  law  in  Knox- 
ville, Tenn. 

Houk,  Leonidas  Campbell,  a  Representative 
from  Tennessee;  born  in  Sevier  county,  Tenn., 
June  8,  1836;  attended  the  common  schools  less 
than  three  months;  learned  the  trade  of  cabinet- 
making;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar 
October  13,  1859,  and  practiced;  enlisted  in  the 
Union  army  as  a  private  August  9,  1861;  pro- 
moted to  lieutenant  in  the  first  Tennessee  infantry; 
mustered  in  as  colonel  of  the  third  Tennessee 
infantry,  February  2,  1862,  and  served  until  his 
resignation  on  account  of  ill  health,  April  23,  1863; 
presidential  elector  on  the  Lincoln  and  Johnson 
ticket  in  1864;  member  of  the  state  constitutional 
convention  in  1865;  judge  of  the  circuit  court  of 
Tennessee;  moved  to  Knoxville  and  resumed  the 
practice  of  law;  delegate  in  the  Republican  na- 
tional conventions  of  1868,  1880,  1884,  and  1888; 
presidential  elector  on  the  Grant  and  Wilson 
ticket  in  1872;  elected  to  the  state  house  of  repre- 
sentatives in  1873-1875;  presidential  elector  on  the 
Hayes  and  Wheeler  ticket  in  1876;  elected  as  a 
Republican  to  the  Forty-sixth,  and  to  the  six  suc- 
ceeding Congresses,  and  served  from  March  4,  1879, 
until  his  death  in  Knoxville,  Tenn.,  May  25,  1891. 

House,  John  Ford,  a  Representative  from 
Tennessee;  born  in  Williamson  county,  Tenn., 
January  9,  1827;  attended  the  common  schools; 
attended  Transylvania  university,  Lexington,  Ky., 
and  was  graduated  from  the  Lebannon  law  school 


BIOGRAPHIES. 


739 


in  1850;  was  admitted  to  the  bar;  member  of  the 
state  legislature  1853-1854 ;  presidential  elector  on 
the  Bell  and  Everett  ticket  in  1860;  member  of  the 
provincial  congress  of  the  Confederacy  from  Ten- 
nessee; enlisted  in  the  Confederate  army,  and 
served  untiL  paroled  in  Columbus,  Miss.,  in  June, 
1865;  delegate  to  the  Democratic  national  conven- 
tion in  1868;  member  of  the  state  constitutional 
convention  in  1870;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the 
Forty-fourth,  and  to  the  three  succeeding  Congresses 
(March  4,  1875-March  3,  1885);  died  in  Clarksville, 
Tenn.,  June  28,  1904. 

Houseman,  Julius,  a  Representative  from 
Michigan;  born  in  Leckendorf,  in  Bavaria,  Ger- 
many, December  8,  1832;  attended  the  common 
schools;  came  to  the  United  States  in  1852,  and  lo- 
cated in  Grand  Rapids,  Mich. ;  engaged  in  the  mer- 
cantile and  lumber  business  for  thirty  years;  alder- 
man of  Grand  Rapids  1861-1870;  member  of  the 
state  legislature  1871-1872;  mayor  of  Grand  Rapids 
1873-1875;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Forty- 
eighth  Congress  (March  4, 1883-March  3, 1885) ;  died 
in  Grand  Rapids,  Mich.,  February  8,  1891. 

Houston,  George  Smith,  a  Representative  and 
a  Senator  from  Alabama;  born  near  Franklin,  Wil- 
liamson county,  Tenn.,  January  17,  1808;  moved 
with  his  parents  to  Limestone  county,  Ala.;  at- 
tended the  common  schools  of  Athens,  Ala. ;  studied 
law  in  Florence  and  in  Harrodsburg,  Ala.,  and  was 
admitted  to  the  bar  in  1831;  member  of  the  state 
house  of  representatives  in  1832;  located  in  Athens, 
Ala.,  in  1835;  state's  attorney  for  the  Florence  judi- 
cial district  in  1836;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the 
Twenty-seventh,  Twenty-eighth,  Twenty-ninth, 
and  Thirtieth  Congresses  (March  4,  1841-March  3, 
1848);  declined  reelection  to  the  Thirty-first  Con- 
gress; reelected  to  the  Thirty-second,  and  to 
the  four  succeeding  Congresses,  and  served  from 
March  4,  1851,  until  his  resignation  January  21, 
1861,  his  state  having  seceded;  presented  creden- 
tials as  a  Senator-elect  to  the  United  States  Senate, 
but  was  not  permitted  to  take  his  seat;  delegate  in 
the  Union  national  convention  in  Philadelphia,  in 
1866;  governor  of  Alabama,  1874-1878;  elected  to 
the  United  States  Senate,  and  served  from  March  4, 
1879,  until  his  death  in  Athens,  Ala.,  December  31, 
1879. 

Houston,  Henry  Aydelotte,  a  Representa- 
tive from  Delaware;  born  near  Millsboro,  Sussex 
county,  Del.,  July  10,  1847;  attended  the  public 
schools;  worked  on  a  farm  and  went  to  Missouri  in 
1872;  returned  to  Delaware  in  1875  and  taught 
school;  engaged  in  the  mercantile  business;  mem- 
ber of  the  Sussex  county  school  commission; 
elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Fifty-eighth  Congress 
(March  4,  1903-March  3,  1905);  after  leaving  Con- 
gress engaged  in  lumber  manufacturing  in  Mills- 
boro, Del. 

Houstoun,  John,  a  Delegate  from  Georgia;  born 
in  Waynesboro,  Ga.,  August  31,  1744;  attended  the 
common  schools;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the 
bar,  and  practiced  in  Savannah;  prominent  in  early 
Revolutionary  movements;  one  of  the  four  origina- 
tors of  the  "Sons  of  Liberty";  delegate  in  the  pro- 
vincial congress  of  Georgia  July  4, 1775;  Delegate  in 
the  Continental  Congress  1775-1777;  was  absent  in 
Georgia  when  the  Declaration  of  Independence 
was  signed;  member  of  the  executive  council  in 
1777;  governor  in  1778,  and  1784;  member  of  the 
commission  to  establish  the  boundary  line  between 
Georgia  and  South  Carolina;  chief  justice  of  Georgia 
1786;  defeated  for  governor  in  1787;  justice  for  Chat- 


ham county  in  1787;  mayor  of  Savannah  in  1789, 
1790;  judge  of  the  state  superior  court  in  1792;  died 
in  Savannah,  Ga.,  July  20,  1796. 

Houston,  John  Wallace,  a  Representative  from 
Delaware;  born  in  Concord,  Sussex  county,  Del., 
May  4,  1814;  attended  country  schools,  Newark 
academy,  and  was  graduated  from  Yale  college  in 
1834;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1837, 
and  began  practice  in  Georgetown,  Del.,  in  1839; 
secretary  of  state  of  Delaware  1841-1844;  elected  as 
a  Whig  to  the  Twenty-ninth,  Thirtieth,  and  Thirty- 
first  Congresses  (March  4,  1845-March  3,  1851); 
appointed  associate  judge  of  the  superior  court  of 
Delaware  May  4,  1855;  delegate  in  the  peace  con- 
ference in  Washington,  D.  C.,  in  1861;  retired  from 
the  bench  in  1893;  died  in  Georgetown,  Del.,  April 
26,  1896. 

Houston,  Sam,  a  Representative  from  Tennes- 
see, and  a  Senator  from  Texas ;  born  near  Lexington, 
Va.,  March  2,  1793;  moved  with  widowed  mother  to 
Blount  county,  Tenn.,  where  he  was  adopted  into 
the  Cherokee  tribe  of  Indians;  served  under  Gen. 
Jackson  in  the  Creek  war  as  a  sergeant  in  the 
seventh  United  States  infantry;  ensign  in  the 
Thirty -ninth  infantry  July  29,  1813,  and  lieutenant 
in  May,  1814;  studied  law  in  Nashville,  Tenn.,  and 
was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1818;  district  attorney  in 
1819;  adjutant  general  of  the  state  in  1820;  major 
general  in  1821;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Eight- 
eenth and  Nineteenth  Congresses  (March  4,  1823- 
March  3,  1827);  governor  of  Tennessee  1827-1829; 
resigned  before  the  expiration  of  his  term;  on  ac- 
count of  family  troubles  moved  to  Arkansas  and 
subsequently  to  Texas  in  1833;  member  of  the  con- 
stitutional convention  in  1835;  commander  in  chief 
of  the  Texas  army;  led  the  Texans  against  Santa- 
Anna  and  his  Mexicans  in  the  famous  charge  on  the 
banks  of  the  San  Jacinto,  and  completely  routed 
them,  April  21,  1836;  elected  the  first  President  of 
the  republic  of  Texas  1836-1838 ;  member  of  Texas 
congress  1838-1840;  again  President  1841-1844; 
elected  to  the  United  States  Senate,  and  served 
from  February  21,  1846,  to  March  3,  1859;  governor 
of  Texas  1859-1861,  and  deposed  March  18,  1861, 
because  he  refused  to  take  the  oath  of  allegiance  to 
the  Confederate  states;  died  in  Huntsville,  Tex., 
July  25,  1863. 

Houston,  William  Cannon,  a  Representative 
from  Tennessee;  born  in  Bedford  county,  Tenn., 
March  17,  1852;  attended  the  schools  of  Woodbury, 
Tenn.;  elected  to  the  legislature  in  1876;  admitted 
to  the  bar  in  1878;  again  elected  to  the  legislature 
in  1880  and  1882;  member  of  the  Democratic  state 
executive  committee  for  four  years;  chairman  of 
the  Democratic  state  convention  in  1888;  Demo- 
cratic elector  in  1888;  elected  circuit  judge  in  1894 
and  reelected  in  1898 ;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the 
Fifty-ninth,  Sixtieth,  and  Sixty-first  Congresses 
(March  4,  1905-March  3,  1911).  Reelected  to  the 
Sixty-second  Congress. 

Houston,  William  Churchill,  a  Delegate  from 
New  Jersey ;  born  in  Bull  Creek,  Sumpter  district  of 
North  Carolina  in  1745  or  1746;  pursued  classical 
studies,  and  was  graduated  from  Princeton  college 
in  1768;  member  of  the  general  assembly  in  1777; 
member  of  the  council  of  safety  in  1778;  Delegate 
in  the  Continental  Congress  1779-1782;  admitted 
to  the  bar  and  began  practice  in  Trenton,  N.  J.; 
again  a  Delegate  in  the  Continental  Congress  1784- 
1785;  delegate  in  the  Philadelphia  constitutional 
convention  of  1787;  died  in  Frankford,  Pa.,  August 
12,  1788. 


740 


CONGRESSIONAL   DIEECTORY. 


Houstoun,  William,  a  Delegate  from  Georgia; 
born  in  Savannah,  Ga.,  in  1755;  completed  prepara- 
tory studies,  and  attended  higher  schools  in  Eng- 
land ;  studied  law,  and  was  admitted  to  the  Inner 
Temple,  London,  in  1776;  returned  to  Savannah  at 
the  beginning  of  the  Revolution,  and  took  an  active 
part  in  the  cause  of  liberty  for  the  colonies;  Dele- 
gate in  the  Continental  Congress  1784-1787;  dele- 
gate in  the  constitutional  con  /ention  which  framed 
the  Federal  constitution  in  1787,  but  declined  to 
sign  the  instrument;  one  of  the  founders  of  the  Uni- 
versity of  Georgia;  died  in  Savannah,  Ga.,  about 
1833. 

Hovey ,  Alvin  Peterson,  a  Representative  from 
Indiana;  born  in  Posey  county,  Ind.,  September  6, 
1821;  attended  the  common  schools  of  Mount  Ver- 
non ;  studied  law,  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar  Sep- 
tember 25,  1842;  commissioned  first  lieutenant  June 
1846,  for  service  in  the  war  with  Mexico;  elected  a 
delegate  to  the  constitutional  convention  of  the 
state  of  Indiana  1850;  circuit  judge  1851-1854;  judge 
of  the  supreme  court  in  1854;  district  attorney  of  the 
United  States  in  1856;  removed  by  President  Bu- 
chanan in  1858;  served  in  the  Union  army;  commis- 
sioned colonel  of  the  twenty-fourth  regiment  Indi- 
ana volunteers  July  31,  1861;  brigadier  general  of 
volunteers  April  28,  1862;  brevet  major  general  of 
volunteers  July  4,  1864,  "for  meritorious  and  dis- 
tinguished service  during  the  war;"  resigned  Octo- 
ber 7, 1865;  commissioned  United  States  minister  to 
the  republic  of  Peru  in  1865;  resigned  in  1870; 
elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Fiftieth  Congress, 
and  served  from  March  4,  1887,  until  January  17, 
1889,  when  he  resigned;  elected  governor  in  1888; 
inaugurated  in  January,  1889,  and  served  until  his 
death  in  Indianapolis,  Ind.,  November  23,  1891. 

Howard,  Benjamin,  a  Representative  from 
Virginia;  born  in  Virginia  about  1760;  completed 
preparatory  studies;  moved  to  Kentucky;  elected 
to  the  Tenth  and  Eleventh  Congresses,  and  served 
from  March  4,  1807,  to  April  10,  1810,  when  he 
resigned;  governor  of  upper  Louisiana  1810-1812; 
appointed  a  brigadier  general  of  the  United  States 
army  March  12,  1813,  and  given  command  of  the 
eighth  military  department,  embracing  the  terri- 
tory west  of  the  Mississippi  river;  died  in  St.  Louis, 
Mo.,  September  18,  1814. 

Howard,  Benjamin  Chew,  a  Representative 
from  Maryland;  born  in  Baltimore  county,  Md., 
November  5,  1791;  pursued  classical  studies  and 
was  graduated  from  Princeton  college  in  1809; 
studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  began 
practice  in  Baltimore;  served  in  the  war  of  1812; 
member  of  the  state  house  of  representatives  in 
1824;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Twenty-first  and 
Twenty-second  Congresses  (March  4,  1829-March  3, 
1823);  reelected  to  the  Twenty-fourth  and  Twenty- 
fifth  Congresses  (March  4,  1835-March  3,  1839); 
reporter  of  the  decisions  of  the  supreme  court  of 
the  United  States  1843-1862;  delegate  to  the  peace 
congress  in  1861;  died  in  Baltimore,  Md.,  March 
6,  1872. 

Howard,  Jacob  Merritt,  a  Representative  and 
a  Senator  from  Michigan;  born  in  Shaftsbury,  Vt., 
July  10,  1805;  completed  preparatory  studies;  was 
graduated  from  Williams  college  in  1830;  moved  to 
Michigan;  served  in  the  state  legislature  in  1838; 
in  1854  drew  up  the  platform  of  the  first  convention 
ever  held  by  the  Republican  party,  and  christened 
that  party;  served  six  years  as  attorney  general  of 
Michigan;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Twenty- 
seventh  Congress  (March  4,  1841-March  3,  1843); 


elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  United  States  Senate, 
to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  the  death  of  Kingsley  S. 
Bingham;  reelected  in  1865,  and  served  from  Janu- 
ary 17,  1862,  to  March  3, 1871;  died  in  Detroit,  Mich., 
April  2,  1871. 

Howard,  John  Eager,  a  Delegate  and  a  Senator 
from  Maryland;  born  in  Baltimore  county,  Md., 
June  4,  1752;  was  instructed  by  private  tutors; 
served  in  the  Revolutionary  war;  commanded  a 
company  at  the  battle  of  White  Plains,  October  28, 
1776;  was  commissioned  major  and  was  a  colonel 
when  peace  was  declared;  was  voted  a  medal  and 
the  thanks  of  Congress  for  gallantry  at  the  Cowpens, 
January  17, 1781;  Delegate  in  the^Continental  Con- 
gress 1784-1788;  governor  of  Maryland  1789-1791; 
member  of  the  state  senate  1791-1795;  elected  to 
the  United  States  Senate  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by 
the  resignation  of  Richard  Potts,  and  served  front 
November  30,  1796,  to  March  3,  1803;  died  in 
Baltimore,  Md.,  October  12,  1827. 

Howard,  Jonas  George,  a  Representative  from 
Indiana;  born  in  Floyd  county,  Ind.,  May  22,  1825; 
attended  Asbury  college,  Greencastle,  Ind.;  was 
graduated  in  law  from  the  state  university  in 
Bloomington,  Ind.,  in  1851;  practiced  in  Clark 
county;  elected  to  the  state  legislature  in  1862  and 
1864;  presidential  elector  on  the  Seymour  and 
Blair  ticket  in  1868;  again  elector  in  the  Tilden  and 
Hendricks  campaign  in  1876;  elected  as  a  Democrat 
to  the  Forty-ninth  and  Fiftieth  Congresses  (March 
4,1885-March  3,  1889);  returned  to  Jefferson  ville, 
Ind.,  where  he  resumed  the  practice  of  law;  died 
in  Jeffersonville,  Ind.,  Octobers,  1911. 

Howard,  Milford  W.,  a  Representative  from 
Georgia;  born  in  Floyd  county,  Ga.,  December  18, 
1862;  read  law  in  Cedartown,  Ga.;  moved  in  1880 
to  Fort  Payne,  Ala.,  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar; 
elected  as  a  Populist  to  the  Fifty-fourth  and  Fifty- 
fifth  Congresses  (March  4,  1895-March  3,  1899). 

Howard,  Tilghman  Ashurst,  a  Representative 
from  Indiana;  born  near  Pickinsville,  S.  C.,  No- 
vember 14,  1797;  attended  the  common  schools; 
studied  law,  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar;  moved 
to  Tennessee  and  began  practice;  member  of  the 
state  house  of  representatives  in  1824;  presidential 
elector  on  the  Jackson  and  Calhoun  ticket  in  1825; 
moved  in  1830  to  Rockville,  Ind., where  he  resumed 
practice;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Twenty-sixth 
Congress,  and  served  from  March  4,  1839,  to  August 
1, 1840,  when  he  resigned  to  become  the  Democratic 
candidate  for  governor,  and  was  defeated;  charge 
d'affaires  to  the  republic  of  Texas,  June  11,  1844; 
died  in  Washington,  Tex.,  August  16,  1844. 

Howard,  Volney  E.,  a  Representative  from 
Texas;  born  in  Norridgewock,  Me.,  about  1808; 
completed  'preparatory  studies;  studied  law,  was 
admitted  to  the  bar;  moved  to  Mississippi,  and  be- 
gan practice  in  Vicksburg;  was  for  several  years 
editor  of  the  "Mississippian;"  fought  duels  with 
Sergeant  S.  Prentiss  and  Alexander  G.  McNutt; 
moved  to  San  Antonio,  Tex.,  in  1847;  elected  as  a 
Democrat  to  the  Thirty-first  and  Thirty-second 
Congresses  (March  4,  1849-March  3,  1853);  sent  on 
a  mission  to  California  by  the  President;  took  up 
his  residence  in  that  state;  died  in  Santa  Monica, 
Cal.,  May  14,  1889. 

Howard,  William,  a  Representative  from  Ohio; 
born  in  Jefferson  county,  Va.,  December  31,  1817; 
attended  the  common  schools;  moved  to  Batavia, 
Ohio;  served  in  the  war  with  Mexico;  second  lieu- 


BIOGRAPHIES. 


741 


tenant  of  company  C  second  Ohio  infantry  August 
10,  1847;  mustrered  out  July  25,  1848;  elected  as  a 
Democrat  to  the  Thirty-sixth  Congress  (March  4, 
1859-March  3,  1861);  served  in  the  Civil  war; 
major  in  the  fifty-ninth  Ohio  infantry  August  11, 
1861;  honorably  discharged  February  24,  1863; 
died  in  Batavia,  Ohio,  June  1,  1891. 

Howard,  William  Alanson,  a  Representative 
from  Michigan;  was  born  in  Hinesburg,  Vt.,  April 
8,  1813;  was  graduated  from  Wyoming  academy  in 
1835,  and  from  Middlebury  college  in  1839;  moved 
lo  Michigan;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar 
in  1842,  and  began  practice  in  Detroit;  elected  as  a 
Republican  to  the  Thirty-fourth  and  Thirty-fifth 
Congresses  (March  4,  1857-March  3,  1861);  success- 
fully contested  the  election  of  George  B.  Cooper  to 
the  Thirty-sixth  Congress,  and  served  from  May 
15,  1860,  until  March  3,  1861;  appointed  post- 
master of  Detroit  in  1861;  tendered  the  Chinese 
mission  in  1869,  but  declined  it;  delegate  in  the 
Republican  national  conventions  of  1868, 1872,  and 
1876;  land  commissioner  of  the  Grand  Rapids  & 
Indiana  railway  in  1869-1871,  and  of  the  Northern 
Pacific  railway  in  1872-1878;  settled  in  Yankton, 
Dak.;  territorial  governor  in  1878;  died  in  Wash- 
ington, D.  C.,  April  10,  1880. 

Howard,  William  Marcellus,  a  Representative 
from  Georgia;  born  in  Berwick  City,  La.,  Decem- 
ber 6,  1857;  was  graduated  from  the  university  of 
Georgia;  began  practice  of  law  February,  1880; 
elected  solicitor  general  of  the  northern  circuit  of 
Georgia  in  1884 ;  reelected  in  1888  and  1892 ;  elected 
as  a  Democrat  to  the  Fifty-fifth,  Fifty-sixth,  Fifty- 
seventh,  Fifty-eighth,  Fifty-ninth,  Sixtieth,  and 
Sixty-first  Congresses  (March  4,  1897-March  3, 
1911);  member  board  of  regents  of  Smithsonian 
institution  1905-1912;  appointed  by  President  Taft 
a  member  of  the  tariff  board  March  4,  1911;  one  of 
the  original  trustees  of  the  Carnegie  endowment 
for  international  peace. 

Howe,  Albert  Richards,  a  Representative  from 
Mississippi;  born  in  Brookfield,  Mass.,  January  1, 
1840;  pursued  classical  studies;  enlisted  as  a  pri- 
vate in  the  Union  army  in  1861,  and  mustered  out 
as  major  in  1865;  settled  in  Como,  Panola  county, 
Miss.,  on  a  cotton  plantation,  in  December,  1865; 
member  of  the  Mississippi  constitutional  conven- 
tion of  1868;  delegate  to  the  Republican  national 
convention  in  Chicago  in  1868;  appointed  treas- 
urer of  Panola  county  in  1869 ;  member  of  the  legis- 
lature of  Mississippi  in  1870, 1871,  and  1872;  elected 
as  a  Republican  to  the  Forty-third  Congress  (March 
4, 1873-March  3,  1875);  died  in  Chicago,  111.,  June 
1,  1884. 

Howe,  James  Robinson,  a  Representative 
from  New  York;  born  in  New  York  City  January  27, 
1839;  attended  the  common  schools,  and  engaged 
in  the  dry  goods  business;  trustee  in  a  number  of 
public  institutions  in  the  city ;  elected  as  a  Repub- 
lican to  the  Fifty-fourth  and  Fifty-fifth  Congresses 
(March  4,  1895-March  3,  1899). 

Howe,  John  W.,  a  Representative  from  Penn- 
sylvania; native  of  New  Hampshire;  moved  to 
Franklin,  Pa. ;  elected  as  a  Free-Soil  Whig  to  the 
Thirty-first  and  Thirty-second  Congresses  (March 
4,  1849-March  3,  1853). 

Howe,  Thomas  M.,  a  Representative  from 
Pennsylvania;  native  of  Vermont;  attended  the 
public  schools;  moved  to  Pittsburgh,  Pa.,  and  en- 
gaged in  the  banking  business;  elected  as  a  Whig 


to  the  Thirty-second  and  Thirty-third  Congresses 
(March  4,  1851-March  3,  1855). 

Howe,  Thomas  Y.,  a  Representative  from  New 
York;  born  in  Auburn,  N.  Y.;  completed  prepara- 
tory studies;  inspector  of  Auburn  prison  1834-1838; 
surrogate  of  Cayuga  county  1836-1840;  elected  as 
a  Democrat  to  the  Thirty-second  Congress  (March 
4,  1851-March  3,  1853);  mayor  of  Auburn,  N.  Y., 
from  March,  1853,  to  March,  1854. 

Howe,  Timothy  Otis,  a  Senator  from  Wiscon- 
sin; born  in  Livennore,  Me.,  February  24,  1816; 
completed  preparatory  studies;  studied  law,  was 
admitted  to  the  bar,  and  practiced;  served  one 
term  in  the  state  legislature;  moved  to  Wisconsin 
in  1845;  elected  judge  of  the  circuit  and  supreme 
courts  of  Wisconsin  in  1850,  and  resigned  in  1855; 
elected  as  a  Union  Republican  to  the  United  States 
Senate;  twice  reelected,  and  served  from  March 
4,  1861,  to  March  3,  1879;  appointed  one  of  the 
delegates  to  the  International  monetary  conference 
in  Paris  in  1881;  appointed  Postmaster  General 
December  20,  1881;  entered  upon  duties  of  the 
office  January  5,  1882,  and  served  until  his  death, 
in  Kenosha,  Wis.,  February  25,  1883. 

Howell,  Benjamin  Franklin,  a  Representa- 
tive from  New  Jersey ;  born  in  Cumberland  county, 
N.  J.,  January  27,  1844;  enlisted  in  the  twelfth 
New  Jersey  volunteers  in  1862,  and  served  until 
the  close  of  the  war;  elected  surrogate  of  Middlesex 
county  in  1882  and  1887;  president  of  the  Peoples 
national  bank  of  New  Brunswick,  N.  J.;  elected 
as  a  Republican  to  the  Fifty-fourth,  Fifty-fifth, 
Fifty-sixth,  Fifty-seventh,  Fifty-eighth,  Fifty- 
ninth,  Sixtieth,  and  Sixty-first  Congresses  (March 
4,  1895-March  3,  1911).  Reelected  to  the  Sixty- 
second  Congress. 

Howell,  David,  a  Delegate  from  Rhode  Island; 
born  in  New  Jersey  January  1,  1747;  pursued  clas- 
sical studies  and  was  graduated  from  Princeton  col- 
lege in  1776;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar, 
and  commenced  practice  in  Providence,  R.  I.; 
Delegate  in  the  Continental  Congress  1782-1785; 
attorney  general  of  the  state  in  1789;  professor  of 
law  in  Brown  university  1790-1824;  acting  presi- 
dent of  the  university  1791-1792;  secretary,  1780- 
1806;  judge  of  the  United  States  district  court  for 
Rhode  Island  1812-1824;  died  in  Providence,  R.  I., 
July  21,  1826. 

Howell,  Edward,  a  Representative  from  New 
York;  born  in  Newburg,  Orange  county,  N.  Y., 
October  16,  1792;  attended  the  public  schools; 
moved  to  Bath  in  1811;  postmaster  of  Bath  in  1818; 
county  clerk  of  Steuben  county  1818-1821;  studied 
law,  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1823;  district 
attorney  1829-1834;  member  of  the  state  house  of 
representatives  in  1832;  elected  as  a  Democrat 
to  the  Twenty-third  Congress  (March  4,  1833- 
March  3,  1835);  again  district  attorney  1836-1840; 
died  in  Bath,  N.  Y.,  January  30,  1871. 

Howell,  Elias,  a  Representative  from  Ohio;  na- 
tive of  New  Jersey;  attended  the  public  schools; 
moved  to  Newark,  Ohio;  elected  as  a  Whig  to  the 
Twenty-fourth  Congress  (March  4,  1835-March  3, 
1837);  died  near  Newark,  Ohio,  May,  1844. 

Howell,  George,  a  Representative  from  Penn- 
sylvania; born  in  the  city  of  Scranton,  Pa.,  June 
28,  1859;  attended  the  public  schools,  Pennington 
seminary,  Newton  collegiate  institute,  Lafayette 
college,  and  was  graduated  from  the  Illinois  state 


742 


CONGRESSIONAL   DIRECTORY. 


normal  university;  taught  school  fourteen  years  in 
Illinois,  New  Jersey,  and  Pennsylvania,  and  served 
seven  years  as  superintendent  of  the  public  schools 
of  the  city  of  Scranton,  Pa. ;  presented  credentials 
as  a  Member-elect  to  the  Fifty-eighth  Congress,  and 
served  from  March  4,  1903,  to  February  10,  1904, 
when  he  was  succeeded  by  William  Connell,  who 
contested  his  election;  superintendent  of  public 
schools  of  Scranton,  Pa. 

Howell,  James  Bruin,  a  Senator  from  Iowa; 
born  near  Morristown,  N.  J.,  July  4,  1816;  moved 
to  Newark,  Ohio,  in  1819;  was  graduated  from 
Miami  university  in  1839;  studied  law  at  Lancas- 
ter; admitted  to  the  bar  in  1839;  moved  to  Keo- 
sauqua,  Iowa,  in  1841,  where  he  practiced  for  sev- 
eral years;  engaged  in  newspaper  work,  and  in 
1849  moved  to  Keokuk;  published  and  edited  the 
"Daily  Gate  City;"  delegate  to  the  Republican 
national  convention  in  1856 ;  elected  as  a  Republican 
to  the  United  States  Senate,  to  fill  vacancy  caused 
by  the  resignation  of  James  W.  Grimes,  and  served 
from  January  18,  1870,  to  March  3,  1871;  one  of 
three  commissioners  appointed  by  President  Grant 
to  adjust  claims  for  stores  and  supplies  under  the 
act  of  March  3,  1871,  and  served  until  March  10, 
1880;  died  in  Keokuk,  Iowa,  June  17,  1880. 

Howell,  Jeremiah  Brown,  a  Senator  from 
Rhode  Island;  born  in  Providence,  R.  I.,  August 
28,  1771;  pursued  classical  studies,  and  was  gradu- 
ated from  Brown  university  in  1789;  studied  law, 
was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  began  practice  in 
Providence;  elected  to  the  United  States  Senate, 
and  served  from  March  4,  1811,  to  March  3,  1817; 
died  in  Providence,  R.  I.,  February  5,  1822. 

Howell,  Joseph,  a  Representative  from  Utah; 
born  in  Brigham  city,  Boxelder  county,  Utah,  Feb- 
ruary 17,  1857;  attended  the  common  schools  and 
Utah  university;  engaged  in  mercantile  pursuits; 
mayor  of  Wellsville,  and  a  member  of  the  board  of 
regents  of  Utah  university;  served  three  terms  in 
the  territorial  legislature  and  one  in  the  state  sen- 
ate; elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Fifty-eighth, 
Fifty-ninth,  Sixtieth,  and  Sixty-first  Congresses 
(March  4,  1903-March  3,  1911).  Reelected  to  the 
Sixty-second  Congress. 

Howell,  Nathaniel  Woodhull,  a  Representa- 
tive from  New  York;  born  in  Blooming  Grove, 
Orange  county,  N.  Y.,  January  1,  1770;  was  grad- 
uated from  Princeton  college  in  1788;  taught  school 
in  Montgomery,  N.  Y.,  1789-1792;  studied  law, 
was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  practiced  in  New  York 
City  and  in  Tioga  county,  1794-1796,  and  in  Can- 
andaigua,  N.  Y.,  1796-1851;  attorney  general  for 
western  New  York  1799-1802;  elected  to  the  Thir- 
teenth Congress  (March  4,  1813-March  3,  1815); 
first  judge  of  Ontario  county  1819-1832;  member 
of  the  state  assembly  many  terms;  died  in  Canandai- 
gua,  N.  Y.,  October  15,  1851. 

Howey,  Benjamin  Franklin,  a  Representative 
from  New  Jersey;  born  in  Pleasant  Meadows,  near 
Swedesboro,  Gloucester  county,  N.  J.,  March  17, 
1828;  instructed  by  private  tutor  at  Pleasant  Mead- 
ows and  the  academies  in  Swedesboro  and 
Bridgeton,  N.  J.;  engaged  in  quarrying  and  manu- 
facturing slate;  captain  of  company  G,  thirty-first 
regiment  New  Jersey  volunteers,  from  September 
3,  1862,  to  June  26,  1863;  sheriff  of  Warren  county, 
N.  J.,  from  November  13,  1878,  to  November  15, 
1881;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Forty-eighth 
Congress  (March  4,  1883-March  3,  1885);  died  in 
Columbia,  N.  J.,  February  6,  1893. 


Howland,  Benjamin,  a  Senator  from  Rhod^ 
Island;  born  in  Tiyerton,  R.  I.,  July  27,  1755; 
attended  the  public  schools;  held  several  local 
offices;  member  of  the  general  assembly;  elected 
as  a  Democrat  to  the  United  States  Senate  to  fill 
vacancy  caused  by  the  death  of  Samuel  J.  Potter, 
and  served  from  October  29,  1804,  until  March  3, 
1809;  died  in  Tiverton,  R.  I.,  May  9,  1821. 

Howland,  Paul,  a  Representative  from  Ohio; 
born  in  Jefferson,  Ashtabula  county,  Ohio,  Decem- 
ber 5,  1865;  completed  preparatory  studies,  was 
graduated  from  Oberlin  college,  and  from  the  law 
department  of  Harvard  university;  was  admitted 
to  the  bar,  and  practiced  in  Cleveland,  Ohio;  was 
second  lieutenant  first  Ohio  volunteer  cavalry  dur- 
ing the  Spanish- American  war;  elected  as  a  Repub- 
lican to  the  Sixtieth  and  Sixty-first  Congresses 
(March  4,  1907-March  3,  1911).  Reelected  to  the 
Sixty-second  Congress. 

Howley,  Richard,  a  Delegate  from  Georgia; 
born  in  Liberty  county,  Ga.,  about  1740;  received 
an  academic  training;  studied  law  and  was  admit- 
ted to  the  bar;  member  of  the  state  house  of  repre- 
sentatives; governor  of  Georgia  in  1780;  Delegate  in 
the  Continental  Congress  1780-1781;  returned  to 
Liberty  county,  Ga.,  in  1783;  died  in  Savannah, 
Ga.,  in  December,  1784. 

Hubard,  Edmund  W.,  a  Representative  from 
Virginia;  native  of  that  state;  elected  as  a  Democrat 
to  the  Twenty -seventh,  Twenty-eighth,  and  Twen- 
ty-ninth Congresses  (March  4,  1841-March  3,  1847). 

Hubbard,  Asahel  W.,  a  Representative  from 
Iowa;  born  in  Haddam,  Conn.,  January  19, 
1818;  attended  the  public  schools;  moved  to 
Indiana  in  1820,  where  he  taught  school  and 
studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1841 
and  practiced;  member  of  the  state  legislature 
1847-1849;  moved  to  Sioux  City,  Iowa,  in  1857; 
elected  judge  of  the  fourth  judicial  district;  elected 
as  a  Republican  to  the  Thirty-eighth,  Thirty- 
ninth,  and  Fortieth  Congresses  (March  4,  1863- 
March3,  1869);  died  in  Sioux  City,  Iowa,  Septem- 
ber 22,  1879. 

Hubbard,  Chester  Dorman,  a  Representative 
from  West  Virginia;  born  in  Hamden,  Conn.,  No- 
vember 25,  1814;  moved  with  his  parents  in  1819 
to  Wheeling,  W.  Va.;  was  graduated  from  the 
Wesleyan  university  in  1840;  became  a  banker, 
and  a  dealer  in  and  manufacturer  of  iron  and  lum- 
ber; member  of  the  state  legislature  of  Virginia  in 
1852  and  1853;  delegate  to  the  Virginia  convention 
in  Richmond  in  1861  and  opposed  secession;  dele- 
gate to  the  West  Virginia  convention  in  Wheeling 
the  same  year;  state  senator  of  West  Virginia  1863- 
1864;  delegate  to  the  Republican  national  conven- 
tions of  1864  and  1880;  elected  as  a  Republican  to 
the  Thirty-ninth  and  Fortieth  Congresses  (March  4, 
1865-March  3,  1869);  died  in  Wheeling,  W.  Va., 
August  23,  1891. 

Hubbard,  David,  a  Representative  from  Ala- 
bama; born  in  Virginia  in  1806;  pursued  an  aca- 
demic course;  in  his  youth  moved  to  Alabama; 
studied  and  practiced  law;  solicitor  of  his  judicial 
district;  state  senator  in  1830,  and  a  state  represent- 
ative in  1831,  1842,  1843,  1845,  and  1853;  elected 
as  a  State  Rights  Democrat  to  the  Twenty-sixth 
Congress  (March  4,  1839-March  3,  1841);  presiden- 
tial elector  on  the  Democratic  ticket  in  1845;  re- 
elected  to  the  Thirty-first  Congress  (March  4,  1849- 
March  3,  1851);  presidential  elector  on  the  Breck- 


BIOGRAPHIES. 


743 


inridge  and  Lane  ticket  in  1860;  was  a  member  of 
the  Confederate  states  congress;  was  appointed 
commissioner  of  Indian  affairs  by  it;  after  the  war 
moved  to  Nashville,  Tenn.;  died  in  Louisiana  in 

1874. 

Hubbard,  jr.,  Demas,  a  Representative  from 
New  York;  born  in  Winfield,  N.  Y.,  January  17, 
1806;  pursued  an  academic  course;  studied  law,  was 
admitted  to  the  bar  and  began  practice  in  Smyrna, 
N.  Y.;  held  several  local  offices;  state  representa- 
tive 1838-1840;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the 
Thirty-ninth  Congress  (March  4,  1865-March  3, 
1867);  died  in  Smyrna,  N.  Y.,  September  2,  1873. 

Hubbard,  Elbert  Hamilton,  a  Representative 
from  Iowa;  born  in  Rushville,  Ind.,  August  19, 
1849;  was  graduated  from  Yale  college  in  1872; 
studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  practiced 
in  Sioux  City,  Iowa;  served  as  a  member  of  the 
state  house  of  representatives  and  of  the  senate; 
elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Fifty -ninth,  Sixtieth, 
and  Sixty-first  Congresses  (March  4,  1905-March  3, 
1911.)  Reelected  to  the  Sixty-second  Congress. 

Hubbard,  Henry,  a  Representative  and  a  Sena- 
tor from  New  Hampshire;  born  in  Charlestown, 
N.  H.,  May  3,  1784;  pursued  classical  studies  and 
was  graduated  from  Dartmouth  college  in  1803; 
studied  law  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar;  state  rep- 
resentative 1812-1815,  1819-1820,  1823-1827,  and 
served  three  years  as  speaker;  state  solicitor  for 
Cheshire  county  1823-1828;  probate  judge  1827- 
1829;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Twenty-first, 
Twenty-second,  and  Twenty- third  Congresses 
(March  4,  1829-March  3,  1835);  served  as  Speaker 
pro  tempore  in  the  Twenty- third  Congress;  elected 
to  the  United  States  Senate  and  served  from  March 
4,  1835,  to  March  3,  1841 ;  governor  of  New  Hamp- 
shire 1841-1843;  United  States  subtreasurer  at  Bos- 
ton, Mass.,  1846-1849;  died  in  Charlestown,  N.  H., 
June  5,  1857. 

Hubbard,  Joel  Douglas,  a  Representative 
from  Missouri;  born  near  Marshall,  Saline  county, 
Mo.,  November  6,  1860 ;  attended  the  public  school, 
Central  college,  Fayette,  Mo.,  and  was  graduated 
from  the  Missouri  medical  college,  St.  Loiu's,  in 
1883;  practiced  medicine  in  Syracuse,  Morgan 
county,  Mo.,  until  1886;  elected  county  clerk  in 
that  year,  and  reelected  in  1890;  elected  as  a  Re- 
publican to  the  Fifty-fourth  Congress  (March  4, 
1895-March  3,  1897);  returned  to  Versailles,  Mo., 
and  engaged  in  the  banking  business. 

Hubbard,  John  Henry,  a  Representative  from 
Connecticut;  born  in  Salisbury,  Conn.,  March  24, 
1804;  attended  the  public  schools;  studied  law, 
was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1826,  and  commenced 
practice  in  Litchfield;  county  attorney  for  five 
years;  twice  elected  state  senator;  elected  as  a 
Republican  to  the  Thirty-eighth  and  Thirty-ninth 
Congresses  (March  4,  1863-March  3,  1867);  died  in 
Litchfield,  Conn.,  July  30,  1872. 

Hubbard,  Jonathan  Hatch,  a  Representative 
from  Vermont;  born  in  Tolland,  Conn.,  May  7, 
1768;  completed  preparatory  studies;  studied  law 
was  admitted  to  trie  bar,  and  practiced  in  Windsor, 
Vt.;  elected  to  the  Eleventh  Congress  (March  4, 
1809-March  3,  18 LI);  judge  of  the  state  supreme 
court  1813-1845;  died  in  Windsor,  Vt.,  September 
20,  1849. 

Hubbard,  Levi,  a  Representative  from  Massa- 
chusetts; born  in  Worcester,  Mass.,  December  19, 


1762;  attended  common  schools;  engaged  in  farm- 
ing, and  prominent  in  state  military  organizations; 
state  representative  1804-1805,  and  1812,  and  a  state 
senator  1806-1811;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the 
Thirteenth  Congress  (March  4, 1813-March  3, 1815); 
again  state  senator  in  1816;  an  executive  councilor 
in  1829;  died  in  Paris,  Me.,  February  18,  1836. 

Hubbard,  Richard  Dudley,  a  Representative 
from  Connecticut;  born  in  Berlin,  Conn.,  Septem- 
ber 7,  1818;  was  graduated  from  Yale  college  in 
1839;  studied  law  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in 
1842;  member  of  the  legislature  in  1842,  1855,  and 
1858;  state  attorney  for  Hartford  county  1846-1868; 
elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Fortieth  Congress 
(March  4,  1867-March  3,  1869);  elected  governor  in 
1876;  died  in  Hartford,  Conn.,  February  28,  1884. 

Hubbard,  Samuel  Dickinson,  a  Representa- 
tive from  Connecticut;  born  in  Middletown,  Conn., 
August  10,  1779;  pursued  classical  studies  and  was 
graduated  from  Yale  college  in  1819;  studied  law, 
but  devoted  himself  to  manufacturing;  elected  as  a 
Whig  to  the  Twenty -ninth  and  Thirtieth  Congresses 
(March  4,  1845-March  3,  1849);  Postmaster  General 
August  31,  1852,  to  March  7,  1853;  died  in  Middle- 
town,  Conn.,  Octobers,  1855. 

Hubbard,  Thomas  Hill,  a  Representative  from 
New  York;  born  in  New  Haven,  Conn.,  December 
8,  1781;  pursued  classical  studies  and  was  grad- 
uated from  Yale  college  in  1798;  studied  law,  was 
admitted  to  the  bar,  and  began  practice  in  Hamil- 
ton, N.  Y.;  surrogate  of  Madison  county  1806-1816; 
presidential  elector  on  the  Democratic  ticket  in 
1812;  district  attorney  1816-1821;  elected  as  a  Dem- 
ocrat to  the  Fifteenth  Congress  (March  4,  1817- 
March  3,  1819);  reelected  to  the  Seventeenth  Con- 
gress (March  4,  1821-March  3,  1823);  moved  to 
Utica,  N.  Y.;  presidential  elector  on  the  Democra- 
tic ticket  in  1844  and  1852;  died  in  Utica,  N.  Y., 
May  22,  1857. 

Hubbard,  William  Pallister,  a  Representative 
from  West  Virginia;  born  in  Wheeling,  W.  Va., 
December  24,  1843;  attended  public  schools  and 
Linsly  institute,  of  Wheeling,  and  was  graduated 
from  Wesleyan  university,  Middletown,  Conn.,  in 
1863;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1864, 
and  practiced  in  Wheeling;  served  in  the  Union 
army  in  1865;  clerk  of  the  West  Virginia  house  of 
delegates,  1866  to  1870;  member  of  the  house  of 
delegates  1881-1882;  delegate  to  the  Republican 
national  convention  of  1888;  Republican  candi- 
date for  attorney  general  of  West  Virginia  in  1888, 
and  defeated;  Republican  candidate  for  Congress 
in  1890,  and  defeated;  chairman  of  the  commis- 
sion to  revise  the  tax  laws  of  West  Virginia,  1901- 
1903;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Sixtieth  and 
Sixty-first  Congresses  (March  4,  1907-March  3, 
1911):  resumed  the  practice  of  law  in  Wheeling, 
W.  Va. 

Hubbell,  Edwin  N.,  a  Representative  from 
New  York;  born  in  Coxsackie,  N.  Y.,  August  13, 
1815;  pursued  an  academic  course;  several  years 
supervisor  of  Greene  county;  elected  as  a  Demo- 
crat to  the  Thirty-ninth  Congress  (March  4,  1865- 
March  3,  1867). 

Hubbell,  James  Randolph,  a  Representative 
from  Ohio;  born  in  Delware  county,  Ohio,  July  13, 
1820;  attended  the  public  schools;  studied  law  and 
was  admitted  to  the  bar;  state  representative  four 
years,  two  of  which  he  was  speaker;  presidential 
elector  on  the  Republican  ticket  in  1856;  elected 


744 


CONGRESSIONAL   DIRECTORY. 


as  a  Republican  to  the  Thirty-ninth  Congress 
(March  4,  1865-March  3,  1867);  died  in  Belleville, 
Ohio,  November  26,  1890. 

Hubbell,  Jay  Abel,  a  Representative  from 
Michigan;  born  in  Avon,  Mich.,  September  15, 
1829;  was  graduated  from  the  University  of  Michi- 
gan in  1853;  admitted  to  the  practice  of  law  in 
1855;  moved  to  Ontonagon,  Mich.,  in  November, 
1855;  elected  district  attorney  of  the  upper  penin- 
sula in  1857  and  1859;  moved  to  Houghton,  Mich., 
in  February,  1860;  elected  prosecuting  attorney  of 
Houghton  county  in  1861,  1863,  and  1865;  engaged 
in  the  practice  of  law  until  1870;  identified  with 
the  development  of  the  mineral  interests  of  the 
upper  peninsula;  appointed  by  the  governor  of 
Michigan  in  1876  state  commissioner  to  the  Cen- 
tennial exhibition  and  collected  and  prepared  the 
state  exhibit  of  minerals;  elected  as  a  Republican 
to  the  Forty-third,  Forty-fourth,  Forty-fifth,  Forty- 
sixth,  and  Forty-seventh  Congresses  (March  4, 
1873-March  3,  1883);  member  of  the  state  senate 
1885-1887;  circuit  judge  of  the  twelfth  judicial 
circuit  for  a  number  of  years,  when  he  resigned; 
died  in  Houghton,  Mich.,  October  12,  1900. 

Hubbell,  William  S.,  a  Representative  from 
New  York;  was  a  native  of  that  state;  attended  the 
public  schools;  state  representative  in  1841; 
elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Twenty-eighth  Con- 
gress (March  4,  1843-March  3,  1845). 

Hubbs,  Orlando,  a  Representative  from  North 
Carolina;  born  in  New  York,  February  18,  1840; 
elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Forty-seventh  Con- 
gress (March  4,  1881-March  3,  1§83). 

Hubley,  Edward  B.,  a  Representative  from 
Pennsylvania;  native  of  that  state;  attended  the 
public  schools;  elected  as  a  Jackson  Democrat  to 
the  Twenty-fourth  and  Twenty-fifth  Congresses 
(March  4,  1835-March  3,  1839);  died  in  Philadel- 
phia, Pa.,  February  23,  1856. 

Hudd,  Thomas  Richard,  a  Representative 
from  Wisconsin;  born  in  Buffalo,  N.  Y.,  October 
2,  1835;  moved  to  Wisconsin  in  1853,  and  settled 
in  Appleton;  in  1868  moved  to  Green  Bay;  attended 
the  common  schools  and  Lawrence  university; 
studied  law,  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar;  district 
attorney  of  Outagamie  county  1856-1857;  city 
attorney  of  Green  Bay  1873-1874;  state  senator 
1862-1863;  member  of  the  state  assembly  1868  and 
1875;  state  senator  again  1876-1879;  delegate  in 
the  Democratic  national  convention  in  Cincinnati 
in  1880;  state  senator  1882  and  1883,  and  reelected 
for  the  term  ending  December  31,  1888;  elected  as 
a  Democrat  to  the  Forty-ninth  Congress,  to  fill 
vacancy  caused  by  the  death  of  Joseph  Rankin; 
reelected  to  the  Fiftieth  Congress,  and  served  from 
March  8, 1886  to  March  3, 1889;  died  in  Green  Bay, 
Wis.,  June  22,  1896. 

Hudson,  Charles,  a  Representative  from  Mas- 
sachusetts; born  in  Marlboro,  Mass.,  November  14, 
1795;  attended  the  common  schools;  studied  the- 
ology and  was  ordained  as  a  Universalist  minister 
in  1819;  state  representative  1828-1833;  state  sen- 
tor  1833-1839;  executive  councilor  1839-1841; 
elected  as  a  Whig  to  the  Twenty-seventh,  Twenty- 
eight,  Twenty-ninth,  and  Thirtieth  Congresses 
(March  4,  1841-March  3,  1849);  naval  officer  port 
of  Boston  1849-1853;  edited  the  Boston  "Daily 
Atlas;"  assessor  of  internal  revenue  1864-1868; 
died  in  Lexington,  Mass.,  May  4,  1881. 


Hudson,  Thomas  Jefferson,  a  Representative 
from  Kansas;  born  in  Jamestown,  Ind.,  October  30, 
1844;  moved  to  Kansas  in  the  spring  of  1866  and 
engaged  in  farming  for  four  years;  studied  law, 
was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced  practice 
in  1870;  member  of  the  Kansas  legislature;  county 
attorney  of  his  county  three  times;  mayor  of  Fre- 
donia,  Kans.,  several  times;  elected  as  a  Populist 
to  the  Fifty- third  Congress  (March  4,  1893-March 

3,  1895);  resumed  the  practice  of  law  in  Fredonia, 
Kans. 

Huff,  George  Franklin,  a  Representative  from 
Pennsylvania;  born  in  Norristown,  Pa.,  July  16, 
1842;  attended  the  public  schools  in  Middletown 
and  later  in  Altoona;  in  1867  he  removed  to  West- 
moreland county  and  engaged  in  the  banking  bus- 
iness in  Greensburg,  Pa.;  member  of  the  Repub- 
lican national  convention  of  1880;  president  of  the 
Keystone  Coal  and  Coke  company;  member  of  the 
state  senate  1884-1888;  elected  as  a  Republican  to 
the  Fifty-second  Congress  (March  4,  1891-March  3, 
1893);  reelected  as  Representative-at-large  to  the 
Fifty-fourth  Congress  (March  4,  1895-March  3, 
1899);  again  reelected  to  the  Fifty-eighth,  Fifty- 
ninth,  Sixtieth,  and  Sixty-first  Congresses  (March 

4,  1903-March  3,  1911);  a  resident  of  Washington, 
D.  C. 

Hufty,  Jacob,  a  Representative  from  New  Jer- 
sey; native  of  that  state;  was  a  judge  in  Salem 
county,  N.  J.,  1797-1804;  sheriff  in  1800;  director 
of  the  board  of  freeholders  1801;  county  collector 
1805;  member  of  the  legislative  council  of  New 
Jersey  1807;  surrogate  1808;  elected  as  a  Democrat 
to  the  Eleventh,  Twelfth,  and  Thirteenth  Con- 
gresses, and  served  from  March  4,  1809,  until  his 
death  in  Salem,  N.  J.,  May  20,  1814. 

Huger,  Benjamin,  a  Representative  from 
South  Carolina;  born  on  Limerick  plantation,  near 
Charleston,  S.  C.;  pursued  an  academic  course; 
elected  to  the  Sixth,  Seventh,  and  Eighth  Con- 
gresses (March  4,  1799-March  3,  1805);  reelected 
to  the  Fourteenth  Congress  (March  4,  1815-March 
3,  1817);  died  in  Waccamaw,  S.  C.,  July  7,  1823. 

Huger,  Daniel,  a  Delegate  and  a  Representa- 
tive from  South  Carolina;  born  on  Limerick  plan- 
tation, S.  C.,  February  20,  1741;  studied  abroad; 
prominent  in  the  Revolutionary  war;  Delegate  to 
the  Continental  Congress  1786-1788;  elected  to  the 
First  and  Second  Congresses  (March  4,  1789-March 
3,  1793);  died  in  Charleston,  S.  C.,  July  1,  1799. 

Huger,  Daniel  Elliott,  a  Senator  from  South 
Carolina;  born  on  Limerick  plantation,  S.  C.,  June 
28,  1779;  pursued  classical  studies,  and  was  gradu- 
ated from  Princeton  college  in  1798;  studied  law, 
was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  began  practice  in 
Charleston,  S.  C.,  in  1811;  served  in  both  branches 
of  the  legislature;  served  as  judge  of  local  courts 
many  years;  elected  to  the  United  States  Senate, 
as  a  State  Rights  Democrat,  to  fill  vacancy  caused 
by  the  resignation  of  John  C.  Calhoun,  and  served 
from  December  7,  1843,  to  March  3,  1845,  when 
he  resigned;  judge  of  the  superior  court;  died  on 
Sullivans  Island,  S.  C.,  August  21,  1854. 

Hughes,  Charles,  a  Representative  from  New 
York;  native  of  Georgia;  completed  preparatory 
studies;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and 
practiced;  moved  to  Sandy  Hill,  N.  Y.;  elected  as 
a  Democrat  to  the  Thirty-third  Congress  (March  4, 
1853-March  3,  1855);  clerk  of  the  court  of  appeals 
1860-1862;  judge  advocate  general  of  state  militia 


BIOGRAPHIES. 


745 


1875-1879;  member  of  the  state  senate  1878-1879; 

?-ovost  marshal  for  the  Sixteenth  district  of  New 
ork  in  1862. 

Hughes,  Charles  James,  jr.,  a  Senator  from 
Colorado;  born  in  Kingston,  Caldwell  county,  Mo., 
February  16,  1853;  was  graduated  from  Richmond, 
Mo.,  college  in  1871;  was  graduated  from  the  law 
department  of  the  University  of  Missouri  in  1873, 
admitted  to  the  bar,  and  began  the  practice  of  law 
in  August,  1877;  located  in  Denver  in  1879  was  a 
Democratic  presidential  elector  in  1900;  delegate 
to  the  Democratic  national  conventions  of  1904 
and  1908;  was  for  many  years  professor  of  mining 
law  in  the  law  school  of  the  University  of  Denver; 
elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  United  States  Senate, 
and  served  from  March  4,  1909,  until  his  death  in 
Denver,  Colo.,  January  11,  1911. 

Hughes,  Dudley  Mays,  a  Representative  from 
Georgia;  born  in  Twiggs  county,  Ga.,  October  10, 
1848 ;  attended  country  schools  and  the  University 
of  Georgia,  in  Athens;  began  business  life  in  1870, 
and  was  also  interested  in  agricultural  pursuits; 
elected  state  senator  and  served  one  term;  elected 
president  of  the  Georgia  state  agricultural  society 
and  served  four  years;  was  commissioner  general 
of  Georgia  to  the  World's  fair  at  St.  Louis;  for 
twenty  years  connected  with  educational  interests 
of  Georgia;  trustee  of  the  Danville  school,  of  the 
State  normal  institute,  and  of  the  University  of 
Georgia;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Sixty-first 
Congress  (March  4,  1909-March  3,  1911).  Reelected 
to  the  Sixty-second  Congress. 

Hughes,  George  Wurtz,  a  Representative  from 
Maryland;  born  in  Elmira,  N.  Y.,  September  30, 
1806;  received  a  liberal  schooling,  and  in  1827  was 
graduated  from  West  Point  military  academy; 
became  a  civil  engineer  in  New  York  City;  re- 
appointed  to  the  army  July  7,  1838,  as  captain  of 
topographical  engineers;  served  in  the  Mexican 
war;  lieutenant  colonel  of  Maryland  and  District 
of  Columbia  volunteers  August  4,  1847;  colonel 
October  1,  1847;  honorably  mustered  out  of  volun- 
teer service  July  24,  1848;  brevet  major  April  18, 
1847,  "for  gallant  and  meritorious  conduct  in  the 
battle  of  Cerro  Gordo,  Mexico;  lieutenant  colonel 
May  30,  1848,  "for  meritorius  conduct"  while 
serving  in  the  enemy's  country;  resigned  August  4, 
1851;  president  of  the  Northern  Central  railroad; 
elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Thirty-sixth  Congress 
(March  4,  1859-March  3,  1861);  died  in  West  River, 
Md.,  September  3,  1870. 

Hughes,  James,  a  Representative  from  Indi- 
ana; born  in  Ilampstead,  Md.,  November  24, 1823; 
was  graduated  from  the  state  university  of  Indiana; 
studied  law,  and  in  1842  was  admitted  to  the  bar; 
served  in  the  Mexican  war;  circuit  judge  for  five 
years;  professor  of  law  in  the  University  of  Indiana 
1853-1856 ;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Thirty-fifth 
Congress  (March  4,  1857-March  3,  1859);  judge  of 
the  Court  of  Claims  1861-1865;  appointed  cotton 
agent  to  the  Treasury  Department  1866-1868. 

Hughes,  James  Anthony,  a  Representative 
from  West  Virginia;  born  in  Corunna,  Ontario, 
February  27,  1861;  moved  with  his  parents  to 
Ashland,  Ky.,  in  July,  1873;  completed  preparatory 
studies  and  engaged  in  business;  member  of  the 
state  legislature  1887  and  1888;  moved  to  West 
Virginia;  state  senator  1894-1898;  elected  as  a 
Republican  to  the  Fifty -seventh,  Fifty-eighth, 
Fifty-ninth,  Sixtieth,  and  Sixty-first  Congresses 
(March  4,  1901-March  3,  1911).  Reelected  to  the 
Sixty-second  Congress. 


Hughes,  James  Madison,  a  Representative 
from  Missouri;  born  in  Bourbon  county,  Ky.,  April 
7,  1809;  received  a  liberal  schooling;  studied  law, 
was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  practiced  in  Liberty, 
Clay  county,  Mo. ;  also  engaged  in  mercantile  pur- 
suits in  Liberty;  member  of  the  state  legislature 
in  1839;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Twenty- 
eighth  Congress  (March  4,  1843-March  3,  1845); 
moved  to  St.  Louis,  Mo.,  in  1855,  and  engaged  in 
banking;  died  in  St.  Louis,  Mo.,  in  1861. 

Hughes,  Thomas  H.,  a  Representative  from 
New  Jersey;  born  in  Cape  May,  N.  J.,  January  10, 
1769;  attended  the  public  schools;  elected  to  the 
Twenty -first  and  Twenty -second  Congresses  (March 
4,  1829-March  3,  1833);  died  in  Cold  Spring,  N.  J., 
November  10,  1839. 

Hughes,  William,  a  Representative  from  New 
Jersey;  born  in  Drogheda,  Ireland,  April  3,  1872; 
attended  the  common  schools  of  Paterson,  N.  J., 
and  a  business  college;  studied  law,  was  ad- 
mitted to  the  bar,  and  practiced  in  Paterson,  N.  J.; 
served  in  the  second  New  Jersey  volunteers  in  the 
Spanish-American  war;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to 
the  Fifty-eighth  Congress  (March  4,  1903-March  3, 
1905);  reelected  to  the  Sixtieth  and  Sixty-first 
Congresses  (March  4,  1907-March  3,  1911).  Re- 
elected  to  the  Sixty-second  Congress. 

Hughston,  Jonas  A.,  a  Representative  from 
New  York;  born  in  Sidney,  Delaware  county, 
N.  Y. ;  completed  preparatory  studies;  studied  law, 
was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  began  practice  in 
Delhi,  N.  Y.;  district  attorney  of  Delaware  county 
1842-1845;  elected  as  a  Whig  to  the  Thirty-fourth 
Congress  (March  4,  1855-March  3,  1857);  appointed 
marshal  of  the  consular  court  at  Shanghai,  China, 
and  died  in  Shanghai,  China,  November  10,  1862. 

Huguenin,  Daniel,  jr.,  a  Representative  from 
New  York;  was  born  in  Montgomery  county ,  N.  Y., 
February  6,  1790;  pursued  classical  studies;  served 
in  the  War  of  1812;  elected  to  the  Nineteenth  Con- 
gress (March  4,  1825-March  3,  1827);  appointed 
United  States  marshal  of  the  territory  of  Wisconsin; 
died  in  Kenosha,  Wis.,  June  21,  1850. 

Hulbert,  John  Whitefield,  a  Representative 
from  Massachusetts;  born  in  Alford,  Mass.,  June  1, 
1770;  completed  preparatory  studies;  elected  as  a 
Federalist  to  the  Thirteenth  Congress,  to  fill 
vacancy  caused  by  the  resignation  of  Daniel 
Dewey;  reelected  to  the  Fourteenth  Congress,  and 
served  from  September  26,  1814,  to  March  3,  1817; 
moved  to  Auburn,  Cayuga  county,  N.  Y.,  in  1817; 
member  of  the  state  house  of  representatives  in 
1825;  died  October  19,  1831. 

Hulburd,  Calvin  Tilden,  a  Representative  from 
New  York;  born  in  Stockholm,  N.  Y.,  June  5, 1809; 
completed  preparatory  studies;  was  graduated  from 
Middlebury  college,  Vt. ;  attended  Yale  college  law 
school;  member  of  the  state  legislature  of  New  York 
1842,  1843,  1844,  and  1862;  elected  as  a  Republican 
to  the  Thirty-eighth,  Thirty-ninth,  and  Fortieth 
Congresses  (March  4,  1863-March  3,  1869);  died  in 
November,  1897. 

Hulick,  George  Washington,  a  Representative 
from  Ohio;  born  in  Batavia,  Ohio,  June  29,  1833; 
attended  public  schools;  took  charge  of  Pleasant 
Hill  academy  and  taught  two  years,  during  which 
time  he  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar  by 
the  district  court  March,  1857,  and  at  once  com- 
menced practice  in  Batavia;  enlisted  as  a  private 
in  company  E,  twenty-second  regiment  Ohio 


746 


CONGRESSIONAL   DIRECTORY. 


volunteer  infantry  April  14,  1861;  appointed 
orderly  sergeant  and  afterwards  elected  captain 
of  the  company;  discharged  August  16,  1861; 
elected  probate  judge  of  Clermont  county  in  1863 
and  served  from  February,  1864,  to  February,  1867; 
served  nine  years  on  the  board  of  education  of 
Bate  via;  delegate  from  Ohio  to  the  Republican 
national  convention  in  Chicago  in  1868;  elector  in 
1876  for  the  third  district  of  Ohio  on  the  Hayes  and 
Wheeler  presidential  ticket;  elected  as  a  Republi- 
can to  the  Fifty-third  and  Fifty-fourth  Congresses 
(March  4,  1893-March  3,  1897);  died  in  Batavia, 
Ohio,  August  13,  1907. 

Hilling,  James  Henry,  a  Representative  from 
West  Virginia;  born  in  Williamsport,  Pa.,  March  24, 
1844;  attended  the  public  schools  and  Dickinson 
seminary,  in  Williamsport,  Pa. ;  served  in  the  Penn- 
sylvania cavalry  in  1863 ;  was  engaged  in  the  lumber 
business  to  1869 ;  moved  to  West  Virginia,  where  he 
was  engaged  in  the  same  business  to  1874;  elected 
mayor  of  Charleston,  W.  Va.,  in  1884;  declined  a 
re  nomination;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Fifty- 
fourth  Congress  (March  4,  1895-March  3,  1897);  re- 
engaged in  business  in  Charleston,  W.  Va. 

Hull,  Cordell,  a  Representative  from  Tennessee; 
born  in  Overton  (now  Pickett)  county,  Tenn., 
October  2, 1871 ;  was  graduated  from  the  law  depart- 
ment of  Cumberland  university,  Lebanon,  Tenn.; 
was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  practiced  in  Carthage, 
Tenn.;  member  of  the  lower  house  of  the  state  legis- 
lature two  terms;  served  in  the  fourth  regiment, 
Tennessee  volunteer  infantry,  during  the  Spanish- 
American  war,  with  the  rank  of  captain;  judge  of 
the  fifth  judicial  circuit  of  Tennessee;  resigned  in 
1906;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Sixtieth  and 
Sixty-first  Congresses  (March  4,  1907-March  3, 
1911).  Reelected  to  the  Sixty-second  Congress. 

Hull,  John  Albert  Tiffin,  a  Representative 
from  Iowa;  born  in  Sabina,  Clinton  county,  Ohio, 
May  1,  1841;  moved  with  his  parents  to  Iowa  in 
1849;  attended  public  schools,  Asbury  (Indiana) 
university,  and  Iowa  Wesleyan  college,  in  Mount 
Pleasant;  was  graduated  from  the  Cincinnati  (Ohio) 
law  school  in  the  spring  of  1862;  enlisted  in  the 
twenty-third  Iowa  infantry  July,  1862;  first  lieu- 
tenant and  captain;  wounded  in  the  charge  on 
intrenchments  at  Black  River  May  17,  1863; 
resigned  on  account  of  wounds  October,  1863; 
elected  secretary  of  the  Iowa  state  senate  in  1872, 
and  reelected  in  1874,  1876,  and  1878;  secretary  of 
state  in  1878  and  reelected  in  1880  and  1882; 
elected  lieutenant  governor  in  1885  and  reelected 
in  1887 ;  engaged  in  farming  and  banking;  elected  as 
a  Republican  to  the  Fifty-second  and  to  the  nine 
succeeding  Congresses  (March  4,  1891-March  3, 
1911);  resumed  the  practice  of  law  in  Washington, 
D.  C. 

Hull,  Noble  Andrew,  a  Representative  from 
Florida;  born  in  Little  York,  Camden  county,  Ga., 
March  11, 1827;  attended  the  schools  of  Camden  and 
Savannah,  Ga. ;  became  a  merchant;  member  of  the 
house  of  representatives  of  Florida  in  1860  and 
1861;  captain  of  cavalry  in  the  Confederate  army; 
elected  lieutenant  governor  of  Florida  in  1876; 
presented  credentials  as  a  Democratic  Member- 
elect  to  the  Forty-sixth  Congress,  and  served  from 
March  4,  1879,  to  January  22,  1881,  when  he  was 
succeeded  by  Horatio  Bishop,  jr.,  who  contested 
his  election;  died  in  Jacksonville,  Fla.,  January  28, 
1907. 

Humphrey,  Charles,  a  Representative  from 
New  York;  born  in  Orange  county,  N.  Y.,  in  1791; 


attended  public  schools;  moved  to  Ithaca,  Tomp- 
kins  county;  elected  to  the  Nineteenth  Congress 
(March  4,  1825-March  3,  1827);  surrogate  1831- 
1834;  member  of  the  state  house  of  representatives 
1834-1836  and  1842,  and  served  as  speaker  Jan- 
uary 6, 1835,  to  May  26, 1836;  died  in  Albany,  N.  Y., 
July  18,  1850. 

Humphrey,  Herman  Leon,  a  Representative 
from  Wisconsin;  bom  in  Candor,  Tioga  county, 
N.  Y.,  March  14,  1830;  received  a  public  school 
training,  with  the  addition  of  one  year  in  Cortland 
academy;  became  a  clerk  in  Ithaca,  N.  Y.;  after 
several  years  in  business  he  studied  law,  was  ad- 
mitted to  the  bar  in  July,  1854,  and  moved  to 
Hudson,  Wis.,  where  he  commenced  practice  in 
January,  1855;  appointed  district  attorney  of  St. 
Croix  county;  was  appointed  county  judge  to  fill 
a  vacancy,  in  the  fall  of  1860,  and  in  the  spring  of 
1861  was  elected  for  the  full  term  of  four  years; 
elected  to  the  state  senate  for  two  years,  and  in 
February,  1862,  resigned  the  office  of  county  judge; 
mayor  of  Hudson  one  year;  elected  in  the  spring 
of  1866  judge  of  the  eighth  judicial  circuit,  and 
reelected  in  1872;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the 
Forty-fifth,  Forty-sixth,  and  Forty-seventh  Con- 
gresses (March  4,  1877-March  3,  1883);  resumed  the 
practice  of  law;  reelected  to  the  legislature  in  1886; 
died  in  Hudson,  Wis.,  June  10,  1902. 

Humphrey,  James,  a  Representative  from  New 
York;  born  in  Fairfield,  Conn.,  October  9,  1811; 
pursued  classical  studies  and  was  graduated  from 
Amherst  college  in  1831;  studied  law,  was  admitted 
to  the  bar,  and  practiced;  moved  to  Louisville, 
Ky.,  in  1837,  and  one  year  later  to  New  York; 
elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Thirty-sixth  Con- 
gress (March  4,  1859-March  3,  1861);  reelected  to 
the  Thirty-ninth  Congress,  and  served  from  March 
4,  1865,  until  his  death  in  Brooklyn,  N.  Y.,  June 
16,  1866. 

Humphrey,  James  Morgan,  a  Representative 
from  New  York;  born  in  Holland,  N.  Y.,  Septem- 
ber 21,  1819;  attended  the  common  schools;  studied 
law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  practiced;  dis- 
trict attorney  for  Erie  county  1857-1859;  member 
of  the  state  senate  1863-1865;  elected  as  a  Democrat 
to  the  Thirty-ninth  and  Fortieth  Congresses  (March 
4,  1865-March  3,  1869);  appointed  to  the  superior 
court  of  Buffalo,  N.  Y.,  in  1871,  and  served  until 
January  1,  1873;  died  in  Buffalo,  N.  Y.,  February 
9,  1899. 

Humphrey,  Reuben,  a  Representative  from 
New  York;  was  a  native  of  that  state;  completed 
preparatory  studies;  judge  of  Onandaga  county 
1804-1806;  member  of  the  state  senate  1811-1814; 
elected  to  the  Tenth  Congress  (March  4,  1807- 
March  3,  1809). 

Humphrey,  William  E.,  a  Representative  from 
Washington;  born  near  Alamo,  Montgomery 
county,  Ind.,  March  31,  1862;  attended  common 
schools  and  was  graduated  from  Wabash  college, 
Crawfordsville,  Ind.,  in  1887;  studied  law,  was 
admitted  to  the  bar  in  1887,  and  practiced  in 
Crawfordsville  until  1893;  in  1893  removed  to 
Seattle,  Wash.,  where  he  practiced  his  profession; 
in  1898  was  elected  corporation  counsel  of  the  city 
of  Seattle;  reelected  in  1900;  elected  as  a  Republi- 
can to  the  Fifty-eighth,  Fifty-ninth,  Sixtieth,  and 
Sixty-first  Congresses  (March  4,  1903-March  3, 
1911).  Reelected  to  the  Sixty-second  Congress. 

Humphreys,  Andrew,  a  Representative  from 
Indiana!;  elected  to  the  Forty-fourth  Congress,  to 


BIOGRAPHIES. 


747 


fill  vacancy  caused  by  the  resignation  of  James  D. 
Williams,  and  served  from  December  5,  1876,  to 
March  3,  1877. 

Humphreys,  Benjamin  G-rubb,  a  Represen- 
tative from  Mississippi;  born  in  Claiborne  county, 
Miss.,  August  17,  1865;  attended  the  University  of 
Mississippi  until  the  close  of  his  junior  year;  studied 
law,  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  November, 
1891;  superintendent  of  education  for  Leflore 
county  1892-1896;  district  attorney  for  the  fourth 
district  of  Mississippi  1895-1899;  reelected  in  1899; 
raised  a  company  in  April,  1898,  for  service  in  the 
Spanish- American  war  and  was  its  first  lieutenant; 
elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Fifty-eighth,  Fifty- 
ninth,  Sixtieth,  and  Sixty-first  Congresses  (March 
4,  1903-March  3,  1911).  Reelected  to  the  Sixty- 
second  Congress. 

Humphreys,  Charles,  a  Delegate  from  Penn- 
sylvania; born  in  Haverford,  Pa.,  in  1712;  com- 
pleted preparatory  studies;  engaged  in  milling; 
member  of  the  provincial  congress.  1764-1774; 
Delegate  in  the  Continental  Congress  1774-1776; 
voted  against  the  Declaration  of  Independence, 
as  he  was  a  Quaker  and  opposed  to  war;  died  in 
Haverford,  Pa.,  March  11,  1786. 

Humphreys,  Parry  W.,  a  Representative  from 
Tennessee;  completed  preparatory  studies;  studied 
law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  practiced  in 
Tennessee;  judge  of  the  superior  court  of  Tennessee 
1807-1809;  judge  of  the  state  judicial  circuit  1809- 
1813,  and  1818-1836;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the 
Thirteenth  Congress  (March  4,  1813-March  3, 1815); 
moved  to  Hernando,  Miss.,  and  was  president  of 
the  bank  of  Hernando;  died  in  Hernando,  Miss., 
March  1,  1839. 

Hungerford,  John  Newton,  a  Representative 
from  New  York;  born  in  Vernon,  Oneida  county, 
N.  Y.,  December  31,  1825;  completed  preparatory 
studies,  and  in  1846  was  graduated  from  Plamilton 
college ;  engaged  in  the  banking  business  in  Corning 
in  1848;  delegate  in  the  Republican  national  con- 
vention in  Philadelphia  in  1872;  elected  as  a  Re- 
publican to  the  Forty-fifth  Congress  (March  4, 
1877-March  3,  1879);  died  in  Corning,  N.  Y., 
April  2,  1883. 

Hungerford,  John  Pratt,  a  Representative 
from  Virginia;  born  in  Leeds,  Westmoreland 
county,  Va.,  in  January  2, 1761;  received  a  thorough 
English  training;  served  in  the  Revolutionary  war; 
member  of  the  house  of  delegates  for  several  terms ; 
presented  credentials  as  a  Democratic  Member- 
elect  to  the  Twelfth  Congress,  and  served  from 
March  4,  1811,  to  December  2,  1811,  when  he  was 
succeeded  by  John  Taliaferro,  who  contested  his 
election;  elected  to  the  Thirteenth  and  Fourteenth 
Congresses  (March  4, 1813-March  3, 1817);  served  in 
the  war  of  1812  as  brigadier  general  of  militia; 
died  in  Twiford,  Westmoreland  county,  Va.,  De- 
cember 21,  1833. 

Hungerford,  Orville,  a  Representative  from 
New  York;  born  in  Farmington,  Conn.,  October  20, 
1790;  attended  the  public  schools,  and  moved  to 
Watertown,  N.  Y.;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to 
the  bar,  and  practiced;  presidential  elector  in  1836; 
elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Twenty-eighth  and 
Twenty-ninth  Congresses  (March  4,  1843-March  3, 
1847);  died  in  Watertown,  N.  Y.,  April  6,  1855. 

Hunt,  Carleton,  a  Representative  from  Loui- 
siana; born  in  New  Orleans,  La.,  January  1,  1836; 


was  graduated  from  Harvard  college  in  1856,  and 
from  the  law  department  of  the  University  of 
Louisiana  in  1858;  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1858; 
elected  in  1860  a  member  of  the  convention  of  the 
Constitutional  Union  party  which  met  in  Baton 
Rouge,  La.;  appointed  in  April,  1861,  first  lieu- 
tenant in  the  Louisiana  regiment  of  artillery,  Con- 
federate army;  administrator  of  the  University  of 
Louisiana  in  1866 ;  appointed  professor  of  admiralty 
and  international  law  in  the  University  of  Loui- 
siana in  1869,  and  later  dean  of  the  faculty  for  ten 
years;  professor  of  civil  law  in  the  University  of 
Louisiana  in  1879;  doctor  of  laws  in  the  same  uni- 
versity in  1880;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Forty- 
eighth  Congress  (March  4,  1883-March  3,  1885); 
resumed  the  practice  of  law  in  New  Orleans,  La. 

Hunt,  Hiram  P.,  a  Representative  from  New 
York;  native  of  that  state;  attended  the  public 
schools;  elected  as  a  Whig  to  the  Twenty-fourth 
Congress  (March  4,  1835-March  3,  1837);  defeated 
for  reelection;  elected  to  the  Twenty-sixth  and 
Twenty-seventh  Congresses  (March  4,  1839-March 
3,  1843);  declined  a  reelection;  died  in  Troy,  N.  Y. 

Hunt,  James  Bennett,  a  Representative  from 
Michigan;  born  in  New  York,  August  13,  1799; 
pursued  an  academic  course;  studied  law,  was  ad- 
mitted to  the  bar,  and  began  practice  in  New  York 
City.;  moved  to  Pontiac,  Mich.,  in  1836;  judge  of 
probate  in  1836;  prosecuting  attorney  of  Oakland 
county  1841-1843;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the 
Twenty-eighth  and  Twenty-ninth  Congresses 
(March  4r  1843-March  3,  1847);  died  in  Washing- 
ton, D.  C.,  August  15,  1857. 

Hunt,  John  Thomas,  a  Representative  from 
Missouri;  born  in  St.  Louis,  Mo.,  in  1860,  and  at- 
tended the  common  schools;  elected  as  a  Democrat 
to  the  Fifty-eighth  and  Fifty-ninth  Congresses 
(March  4,  1903-March  3,  1907). 

Hunt,  Jonathan,  a  Representative  from  Ver- 
mont; born  in  Vernon,  Vt.,  August  12,  1780;  was 
graduated  from  Dartmouth  college  in  1807;  studied 
law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  began  practice  in 
Brattleboro,  Vt.,  elected  to  the  Twentieth,  Twenty- 
first,  and  Twenty-second  Congresses,  and  served 
from  March  4,  1827,  until  his  death  in  Washington, 
D.  C.,  May  15,  1832. 

Hunt,  Samuel,  a  Representative  from  New 
Hampshire;  born  in  Charlestown,  N.  H.,  July  8, 
1765;  completed  preparatory  studies;  studied  law, 
was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  practiced  in  Alstead, 
N.  H.;  abandoned  practice  in  1795;  member  of  the 
state  legislature  of  New  Hampshire;  elected  to  the 
Seventh  Congress  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  the 
resignation  of  Joseph  Pierce;  reelected  to  the 
Eighth  Congress  and  served  from  December  6, 
1802,  to  March  3,  1805;  died  in  Marietta,  Ohio, 
July  7,  1807. 

Hunt,  Theodore  Gaillard,  a  Representative 
from  Louisiana;  born  in  Charleston,  S.  C.,  October 
23,  1805;  completed  preparatory  studies;  studied 
law,  was  graduated  from  Columbia  college,  New 
York,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced 
practice  in  New  Orleans,  La. ;  district  attorney  for 
New  Orleans;  member  of  the  state  legislature; 
elected  as  a  Whig  to  the  Thirty-third  Congress 
(March  4,  1853-March  3,  1855);  judge  of  the  first 
Louisiana  district,  then  the  criminal  court  of  New 
Orleans,  in  1859;  colonel  of  the  fifth  Louisiana 
regiment  in  the  Confederate  service  in  1861-1862; 
adjutant  general  of  Louisiana  at  the  close  of  the 


748 


CONGRESSIONAL   DIRECTORY. 


Civil  war;  died  in  New  Orleans,  La.,  November  15, 
1893. 

Hunt,  Washington,  a  Representative  from  New 
York;  born  in  Windham,  Greene  county,  N.  Y., 
August  5,  1811;  completed  preparatory  studies; 
studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  began 
practice  in  Lockport,  N.  Y.,  in  1834;  first  judge  of 
the  court  of  common  pleas  of  Niagara  county  in 
1836-1841;  elected  as  a  Whig  to  the  Twenty-eighth, 
Twenty-ninth,  and  Thirtieth  Congresses  (March  4, 
1843-March  3,  1849);  comptroller  of  New  York 
1849-1850;  governor  1850-1852;  defeated  for  reelec- 
tion; retired  to  his  farm  near  Lockport;  was  tempo- 
rary chairman  of  the  last  Whig  national  convention 
in  1856;  was  tendered  the  Democratic  nomination 
for  vice  president  in  1860,  but  declined;  delegate 
to  the  Chicago  convention  of  1864;  died  in  New 
York  City,  February  2,  1867. 

Hunter,  Andrew  Jackson,  a  Representative 
from  Illinois;  born  in  Greencastle,  Ind.,  December 
17,  1831;  moved  with  his  parents  to  Edgar  county, 
111.;  attended  the  common  schools  and  Edgar 
academy;  commenced  business  life  as  a  civil  engi- 
neer; studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and 
practiced  in  Paris,  111. ;  elected  to  the  state  senate 
in  1864;  a  member  of  the  board  of  investigation  of 
state  institutions;  elected  county  judge  of  the 
Edgar  county  court  in  1886,  and  again  in  1890, 
and  served  six  years;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the 
Fifty-third  Congress  (March  4, 1893-March  3, 1895); 
reelected  to  the  Fifty-fifth  Congress  (March  4, 1897- 
March  3, 1899);  died  in  Paris,  111.,  January  12, 1913. 

Hunter,  John,  a  Representative  and  a  Senator 
from  South  Carolina;  born  in  South  Carolina  about 
1760;  completed  preparatory  studies;  elected  to  the 
Third  Congress  (March  4,  1793-March  3,  1795); 
elected  to  the  United  States  Senate,  to  fill  va- 
cancy caused  by  the  resignation  of  Pierce  Butler, 
and  served  from  December  8,  1796,  to  December 
31,  1798,  when  he  resigned. 

Hunter,  John  Ward,  a  Representative  from 
New  York;  born  in  Brooklyn,  N.  Y.,  October  15, 
1807 ;  received  a  liberal  schooling;  clerk  in  the  New 
York  customhouse  1831-1836;  assistant  auditor  of 
customhouse  1836-1865;  engaged  in  banking; 
elected  to  the  Thirty-ninth  Congress,  to  fill  va- 
cancy caused  by  the  death  of  James  Humphrey, 
and  served  from  December  4,  1866,  to  March  3, 
1867;  mayor  of  Brooklyn  1875-76;  died  April  16, 
1900. 

Hunter,  Morton  Craig,  a  Representative 
from  Indiana;  born  in  Versailles,  Ind.,  February 
5,  1825;  completed  a  preparatory  course;  was  grad- 
uated from  the  law  department  of  Indiana  uni- 
versity in  1849,  and  admitted  to  the  bar;  served 
in  the  state  house  of  representatives  1858;  served 
in  the  Civil  war  with  the  Union  forces;  commanded 
the  first  brigade,  third  division,  fourteenth 
army  corps;  with  Sherman  in  his  march  to  the 
sea;  was  bre vetted  brigadier  general  of  volunteers; 
elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Fortieth  Congress 
(March  4,  1867-March  3,  1869);  reelected  to  the 
Forty-third,  Forty-fourth,  and  Forty-fifth  Con- 
gresses (March  4,  1873-March  3,  1879);  died  Octo- 
ber 25,  1896. 

Hunter,  Nars-worthy,  a  Delegate  from  Missis- 
sippi territory;  elected  to  the  Seventh  Congress, 
and  served  from  March  4,  1801,  until  his  death  in 
Washington,  D.  C.,  March  1,  1802. 


Hunter,  Robert  Mercer  Taliaferro,  a  Repre- 
sentative and  a  Senator  from  Virginia;  born  in 
Essex  county,  Va.,  April  21,  1809;  received  a 
liberal  schooling,  and  was  graduated  from  the 
University  of  Virginia;  studied  law,  and  in  1830 
admitted  to  the  bar;  member  of  the  state  legislature 
in  1833;  elected  to  the  Twenty-fifth,  Twenty- 
sixth,  and  Twenty-seventh  Congresses  (March  4, 
1837-March  3,  1843);  defeated  for  reelection; 
served  as  Speaker  of  the  House  in  the  Twenty- 
sixth  Congress;  defeated  for  the  Twenty-eighth 
Congress;  elected  to  the  Twenty-ninth  Congress 
(March  4,  1845-March  3,  1847);  elected  to  the 
United  States  Senate  and  served  from  March  4, 
1847,  until  he  withdrew  when  Virginia  seceded, 
March  28,  1861,  and  July  11,  1861,  was  formally 
expelled;  was  the  author  of  the  tariff  act  of  1857; 
a  presidential  candidate  in  1860;  delegate  from 
Virginia  to  the  Confederate  provincial  congress  at 
Richmond;  member  of  the  Confederate  senate 
from  Virginia  to  the  first  and  second  congresses, 
and  served  as  president  pro  tempore;  Confederate 
secretary  of  state  July  25,  1861,  to  February  18, 
1862;  in  February,  1865,  was  one  of  the  peace  com- 
missioners that  met  with  President  Lincoln  and 
his  party  in  Hampton  Roads;  elected  state  treasurer 
of  Virginia  in  1877;  collector  at  Tappannock,  Va.; 
died  in  Essex  county,  Va.,  July  18,  1887. 

Hunter,  Whiteside  Godfrey,  a  Representative 
from  Kentucky;  born  December  25,  1841;  studied 
medicine  and  was  admitted  to  practice;  surgeon  in 
the  Union  army  during  the  Civil  war;  three  times 
elected  a  member  of  the  Kentucky  legislature; 
delegate  to  the  Republican  national  convention 
at  Chicago  in  1880  and  at  Minneapolis  in  1892; 
United  States  minister  to  Costa  Rica,  Nicaragua, 
and  San  Salvador  from  November  8,  1897;  to  De- 
cember 8,  1902;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the 
Fiftieth  Congress  (March  4,  1887-March  3,  1889); 
reelected  to  the  Fifty-fourth  Congress  (March  4 
1895-March  3,  1897);  again  elected  to  the  Fifty, 
eighth  Congress,  November  10,  1903,  to  fill  va. 
cancy  caused  by  the  death  of  Vincent  Boreing 
and  served  from  December  4,  1903,  to  March  3' 
1905;  a  practicing  physician  in  Washington,  D.  0' 

Hunter,  William,  a  Senator  from  Rhode  Island; 
born  in  Newport,  R.  I.,  November  26,  1774;  was 
graduated  from  Brown  universtiy  in  1791;  studied 
law  in  London;  returned  to  Newport  and  in  1796 
was  admitted  to  the  bar;  member  of  the  state 
house  of  representatives  1799-1811;  elected  to 
the  United  States  Senate,  to  fill  vacancy  caused 
by  the  resignation  of  Christopher  G.  Champlin; 
reelected,  and  served  from  October  28,  1811,  to 
March  3,  1821 ;  again  a  member  of  the  state  general 
assembly  1822-1826;  resumed  the  practice  of  law  in 
Newport  until  commissioned  charge  d'affaires  to 
Brazil  June  28,  1834,  and  minister  plenipotentiary 
September  13,  1841;  served  until  December  9, 
1843;  died  in  Newport,  R.  I.r  December  3,  1849. 

Hunter,  William,  a  Representative  from  Ver- 
mont; native  of  that  state;  attended  the  common 
schools;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and 
practiced;  member  of  the  general  assembly  in  1795, 
and  1807-1809;  register  of  probate  1798-1801; 
judge  of  probate  1801-1802;  assistant  judge  of  the 
county  court  1805-1816;  member  of  the  council  of 
censors  in  1806  and  1820;  state  councilor  in  1809, 
1814,  and  1815;  elected  to  the  Fifteenth  Congress 
(March  4,  1817-March  3,  1819). 

Hunter,  William  Forrest,  a  Representative 
from  Ohio;  born  in  Alexandria,  Va.,  December  10, 


BIOGRAPHIES. 


749 


1808;  received  a  common  school  training;  studied 
law  and  practiced;  moved  to  Woodsfield,  Ohio; 
elected  as  a  Whig  to  the  Thirty-first  and  Thirty- 
second  Congresses  (March  4,  1849-March  3,  1853); 
died  in  Woodsfield,  Ohio,  March  30,  1874. 

Hunter,  William.  H.,  a  Representative  from 
Ohio;  elected  to  the  Twenty-fifth  Congress  (March 
4,  1837-March  3,  1839). 

Huntington,  Abel,  a  Representative  from  New 
York;  born  in  Norwich,  Conn.,  February  21,  1777; 
received  a  liberal  schooling;  moved  to  East 
Hampton,  Long  Island,  where  he  practiced  medi- 
cine; presidential  elector  in  1820;  member  of  the 
state  senate  in  1822;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the 
Twenty-third  and  Twenty-fourth  Congresses  (March 
4,  1833-March  3,  1837);  member  of  the  state  con- 
stitutional convention  of  1846;  collector  of  customs 
at  Sag  Harbor  1845-1849;  died  in  East  Hampton 
Conn.,  May  18,  1858. 

Huntington,  Benjamin,  a  Delegate  and  a 
Representative  from  Connecticut;  born  in  Nor- 
wich, Conn.,  April  19,  1736;  was  graduated  from 
Yale  college  in  1761;  studied  law  and  began  prac- 
tice in  Norwich;  Delegate  to  the  Continental  Con- 
gress 1780-1784  and  1787-1788;  elected  to  the  First 
Congress  (March  4,  1789-March  3,  1791);  served 
in  the  state  senate  1781-1791  and  1791-1793;  judge 
of  the  state  superior  court  1793-1798;  mayor  of  Nor- 
wich 1784-1796;  died  in  Rome,  N.  Y.,  October  16, 
1800;  interment  in  Norwich,  Conn. 

Huntington,  Ebenezer,  a  Representative 
from  Connecticut;  born  in  Norwich,  Conn.,  De- 
cember 26,  1754;  was  graduated  from  Yale  college 
in  1775;  served  in  the  Revolutionary  army,  first 
in  the  Lexington  alarm  in  April,  1775;  lieutenant 
in  Col.  Samuel  Wyllis's  regiment,  and  was  made 
captain  in  May,  177C;  brigade  major  and  adjutant 

general  to  Gen.  Heath  August,  1776;  major  in 
ol.  Webb's  additional  Continental  regiment 
January  1,  1777;  lieutenant  colonel  October  10, 
1778;  transferred  to  the  third  Connecticut  regi- 
ment January  1,  1781,  and  to  the  first  Connecticut 
January  1,  1783;  brigadier  general  United  States 
army  July  19,  1798,  when  war  with  France  was 
threatened;  honorably  discharged  June  15,  1800; 
elected  to  the  Eleventh  Congress,  to  fill  vacancy 
caused  by  the  resignation  of  Samuel  W.  Dana,  and 
served  from  December  3,  1810,  to  March  3,  1811; 
reelected  to  the  Fifteenth  Congress  (March  4, 
1817-March  3,  1819);  died  in  Norwich,  Conn.,  June 
17,  1834. 

Huntington,  Jabez  Williams,  a  Representa- 
tive and  a  Senator  from  Connecticut;  born  in  Nor- 
wich, Conn.,  November  8,  1788;  pursued  classical 
studies;  was  graduated  from  Yale  college  in  1806; 
studied  law  and  admitted  to  the  bar,  commencing 
practice  in  Litchfield;  state  representative  in  1829; 
elected  to  the  Twenty -first,  Twenty -second,  and 
Twenty-third  Congresses,  and  served  from  March 
4,  1829,  until  August  16,  1834,  when  he  resigned  to 
accept  the  appointment  of  judge  of  the  state  su- 
preme court  of  errors;  moved  to  Norwich;  elected 
as  a  Whig  to  the  United  States  Senate,  to  fill  va- 
cancy caused  by  the  death  of  Thaddeus  Betts; 
reelected  and  served  from  May  4,  1840,  until  his 
death  in  Norwich,  Conn.,  November  1,  1847. 

Huntington,  Samuel,  a  Delegate  from  Con- 
necticut; born  in  Windham,  Conn.,  July  3,  1731; 
attended  the  common  schools;  studied  law, was 
admitted  to  the  bar  in  1758,  and  commenced  prac- 


tice in  Norwich  in  1758;  in  the  colonial  assembly  of 
1764;  appointed  in  1765  Crown's  attorney;  execu- 
tive councilor  in  1763;  Delegate  to  the  Continental 
Congress  1776-1781,  and  its  president  from  Sep- 
tember 28,  1799,  to  July  6,  1781,  when  he  retired, 
receiving  the  thanks  of  the  Congress,  but  was  re- 
turned again  for  a  short  period  in  1783;  a  signer  of 
the  Declaration  of  Independence;  superior  court 
judge  1774-1784,  and  chief  justice  in  1784;  lieu- 
tenant-governor in  1785  and  governor  1786-1796, 
until  his  death  in  Norwich,  Conn.,  January  5, 1796. 

Hunton,  Eppa,  a  Representative  and  a  Senator 
from  Virginia;  born  in  Fauquier  county,  Va.,  Sep- 
tember 24,  1822;  his  early  schooling  was  limited; 
studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  practiced ; 
commonwealth  attorney  for  the  county  of  Prince 
William  1849-1862;  member  of  Virginia  convention 
in  Richmond,  February,  1861;  served  through  its 
first  session,  and  then  entered  the  Confederate  army 
as  colonel  of  the  eighth  Virginia  infantry;  pro- 
moted after  the  battle  of  Gettysburg,  and  served 
through  the  residue  of  the  war  as  brigadier  gen- 
eral, succeeding  Brig.  Gen.  Garnett;  captured 
at  Sailors  Creek,  April  6,  1865,  and  released  from 
Fort  Warren  in  July,  1865;  elected  as  a  Democrat 
to  the  Forty-third,  Forty-fourth,  Forty-fifth,  and 
Forty-sixth  Congresses  (March  4,  1873-March  3' 
1881);  appointed  and  subsequently  elected  to  the 
United  States  Senate  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  the 
death  of  John  S.  Barbour,  and  served  from  May  28, 
1892,  to  March  3,  1895;  member  of  the  Hayes- 
Tilden  electoral  commission;  resumed  the  practice 
of  law  in  Warrenton,  Va. ;  died  in  Richmond,  Va. , 
October  11,  1908. 

Huntsman,  Adam,  a  Representative  from  Ten- 
nessee; native  of  Virginia;  moved  to  Jackson,  Tenn.  ; 
elected  as  a  Whig  to  the  Twenty-fourth  Congress 
(March  4,  1835-March  3,  1837);  defeated  for  the 
Twenty-fifth  Congress. 

Hurd,  Frank  Hunt,  a  Representative  from 
Ohio;  born  in  Mount  Vernon,  Ohio,  December  25, 
1840;  was  graduated  from  Kenyon  college  in  1858; 
studied  law  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1861; 
prosecuting  attorney  of  Knox  county  in  1863;  mem- 
ber of  the  state  senate  in  1866 ;  appointed  to  codify 
the  criminal  laws  of  Ohio  in  1868;  moved  to  Toledo 
in  1869;  city  solicitor  of  Toledo,  Ohio,  in  1871-1873; 
elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Forty-fourth  Congress 
(March  4,  1875-March  3,  1877);  reelected  to  the 
Forty-sixth  Congress  (March  4,  1879-March  3, 
1881);  again  elected  to  the  Forty-eighth  Congress 
(March  4,  1883-March  3,  1885);  died  in  Toledo, 
Ohio,  July  10,  1896. 

Hurlburt,  Stephen  Augustus,  a  Representa- 
tive from  Illinois;  born  in  Charleston,  S.  C., 
November  29,  1815;  completed  preparatory  studies; 
studied  law,  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1837; 
served  as  adjutant  of  a  South  Carolina  regiment  in 
the  Florida  war;  moved  to  Belvidere,  111.,  in  1845; 
Whig  delegate  to  the  constitutional  convention 
of  Illinois  in  1847;  presidential  elector  on  the  Whig 
ticket  in  1848  and  on  the  Republican  ticket  in 
1868;  member  of  the  legislature  in  1859,  1861,  and 
1867;  served  in  the  Union  army  1861-1865,  being 
appointed  brigadier  general  of  volunteers  May  17, 
1861,  and  major  general  September  17,  1862;  mus- 
tered out  June  20,  1865;  minister  resident  to  the 
United  States  of  Colombia  1869-1872;  elected  as  a 
Republican  to  the  Forty-third  and  Forty-fourth 
Congresses  (March  4,  1873-March  3,  1877);  ap- 
pointed minister  to  Peru  in  1881,  and  died  in 
Lima,  Peru,  March  27,  1882. 


750 


CONGRESSIONAL   DIRECTORY. 


Hurley,  Denis  Michael,  a  Representative  from 
New  York;  born  in  the  city  of  Limerick,  Ireland, 
March  14,  1843;  came  to  Brooklyn,  N.  Y.,  in  June, 
1850;  moved  to  New  York  City  in  1854,  and  re- 
turned to  Brooklyn  in  1866;  attended  the  public 
schools  and  learned  the  carpenter's  trade,  and  en- 
gaged as  a  building  contractor;  elected  as  a  Repub- 
lican to  the  Fifty-fourth  and  Fifty-fifth  Congresses 
and  served  from  March  4,  1895,  until  his  death  in 
Hot  Springs,  Va.,  February  26,  1899. 

Hutcheson,  Joseph  Chappell,  a  Representa- 
tive from  Texas;  born  in  Mecklenburg  county,  Va., 
May  18,  1842;  was  graduated  from  Randolph- 
Macon  college  and  the  University  of  Virginia;  en- 
listed as  a  private  soldier  in  the  twenty-first  Vir- 
ginia regiment;  served  in  the  valley  under  Stone- 
wall Jackson,  and  surrendered  at  Appornattox,  at 
which  time  he  was  in  command  of  company  E, 
fourteenth  Virginia  regiment;  emigrated  to  Texas 
October,  1866;  engaged  in  the  practice  of  law; 
member  of  the  Texas  legislature  in  1880;  elected 
as  a  Democrat  to  the  Fifty-third  and  Fifty-fourth 
Congresses  (March  4,  1893-March  3,  1897);  re- 
sumed the  practice  of  law  in  Houston,  Tex. 

Hutchins,  John,  a  Representative  from  Ohio; 
born  in  Vienna,  Ohio,  July  25,  1812;  pursued  clas- 
sical studies;  attended  the.  Western  Reserve  college; 
studied  law,  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1837; 
common  pleas  court  clerk  for  Trumbull  county, 
1838-1843;  state  representative  in  1849;  elected  as  a 
Republican  to  the  Thirty-sixth  and  Thirty-seventh 
Congresses  (March  4,  1859-March  3,  1863). 

Hutchins,  Waldo,  a  Representative  from  New 
York;  born  in  Brooklyn,  Conn.,  in  1823;  was  grad- 
uated from  Amherst  college;  studied  law,  was  ad- 
mitted to  the  bar,  and  commenced  practice  in  New 
York  City;  member  of  the  legislature  in  1852,  and 
of  the  constitutional  convention  of  1867;  elected 
as  a  Democrat  to  the  Forty-sixth  Congress,  to  fill 
vacancy  caused  by  the  death  of  Alexander  Smith; 
reelected  to  the  Forty-seventh  and  Forty-eighth 
Congresses,  and  served  from  March  18,  1879,  to 
March  3,  1885;  after  leaving  Congress  returned  to 
New  York  City  and  resumed  the  practice  of  law; 
member  of  the  park  commission  at  the  time  of  his 
death,  February  8,  1891,  in  New  York  City. 

Hutchins,  Wells  Andrews,  a  Representative 
from  Ohio;  born  in  Hartford,  Ohio,  October  8, 
1818;  attended  and  taught  public  schools;  studied 
law  and  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1841;  state  repre- 
sentative in  1851;  appointed  United  States  provost 
marshal  for  Ohio  in  1862;  elected  as  a  Democrat 
to  the  Thirty-eighth  Congress  (March  4,  1863- 
March  3, 1865);  died  in  Portsmouth,  Ohio,  January 
25,  1895. 

Hutson,  Richard,  a  Delegate  from  South  Caro- 
lina; born  in  Prince  William  parish,  S.  C.,  June 
12,  1748;  pursued  classical  studies,  and  was  grad- 
uated from  Princeton  college  in  1765;  studied  law, 
was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  practiced  in  Charles- 
ton, S.  C.;  Delegate  to  the  Continental  Congress 
1778-1779;  confined  as  a  prisoner  at  St.  Augustine, 
Fla.,  1780-1781;  member  of  the  privy  council  of 
South  Carolina  1780-1782;  lieutenant  governor 
1782-1783;  intendant  of  Charleston  1783-1784; 
chancellor  of  South  Carolina  1784-1791;  member 
state  constitutional  convention  of  1788;  senior 
judge  of  the  chancery  court  1791-1795;  died  in 
Philadelphia,  Pa.,  April  12,  1795. 

Hutton,  John  E.,  a  Representative  from  Mis- 
souri; born  in  Polk  county,  Tenn.,  March  28,  1828; 


j  moved  with  his  parents  to  Troy,  Lincoln  county, 
Mo.;  attended  the  common  schools  and  the  medical 
department  of  the  St.  Louis  university;  entered 
the  Union  army  and  was  commissioned  colonel  of 
the  Fifty-ninth  Missouri  infantry;  after  the  war 
studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  began 
practice  in  Warrenton,  Mo.,  in  1864;  then  moved  to 
Mexico,  Mo.,  and  became  the  owner  and  pub- 
lisher of  The  Intelligencer,  a  Democratic  paper; 
elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Forty-ninth  and  Fif- 
tieth Congresses  (March  4,  1885-March  3,  1889); 
died  in  Mexico,  Mo.,  December  28,  1893. 

Huyler,  John,  a  Representative  from  New  Jer- 
sey; born  in  New  York  City,  June  16, 1809;  attended 
the  public  schools;  moved  to  Hackensack,  N.  J., 
in  1846,  engaging  in  the  lumber  business;  president 
of  supervisors  of  Bergen  county;  state  representa- 
tive 1850-1853,  and  served  the  last  year  as  speaker 
of  the  house;  judge  of  the  court  of  appeals  1853- 
1856;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Thirty-fifth 
Congress  (March  4,  1857-March  3,  1859);  defeated 
as  a  Lecompton  Democrat  to  the  Thirty-sixth  Con- 
gress; died  in  Hackensack,  N.  J.,  January  9,  1870. 

Hyde,  Ira  Barnes,  a  Representative  from  Mis- 
souri; born  in  Guilford,  N.  Y.,  January  18,  1838; 
attended  Oberlin  college,  Ohio;  studied  law,  and 
was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1861  in  St.  Paul,  Minn.; 
served  in  the  Union  army;  moved  to  Missouri  in 
1866;  appointed  prosecuting  attorney  in  1872; 
elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Forty-third  Con- 
gress (March  4,  1873-March  3,  1875);  engaged  in  the 
practice  of  law  and  in  banking,  in  Princeton,  Mo. 

Hyde,  Samuel  Clarence,  a  Representative 
from  Washington;  born  in  Fort  Ticonderoga,  N.  Y., 
April  22,  1842;  moved  to  Wisconsin;  attended  the 
common  schools;  served  in  the  seventeenth  regi- 
ment Wisconsin  infantry  in  the  Civil  war;  studied 
law  in  the  Iowa  State  university,  admitted  to  the 
bar,  and  practiced  in  Rock  Rapids,  Iowa,  five  years; 
moved  to  Washington  territory '  in  1877,  where 
he  lived  on  Puget  Sound  three  years;  moved  to 
Spokane  in  1880;  elected  prosecuting  attorney  the 
same  year  and  reelected  three  times;  elected  as  a 
Republican  to  the  Fifty-fourth  Congress  (March 
4,  1895-March  3,  1897);  a  justice  of  the  peace  in 
Spokane,  Wash. 

Hyman,  John  Adams,  a  Representative  from 
North  Carolina;  born  a  slave  in  Warren  county,  N. 
C.,  July  23,  1840;  sold  and  sent  to  Alabama;  eman- 
cipated in  1865;  returned  to  North  Carolina  and 
engaged  in  farming;  pursued  elementary  studies; 
delegate  to  the  state  constitutional  convention  of 
1868,  and  a  state  senator  1868-1874;  elected  as  a 
Republican  to  the  Forty-fourth  Congress  (March 
4,  1875-March  3, 1877);  appointed  collector  of  inter- 
nal revenue  of  the  second  district  of  North  Caro- 
lina in  June,  1877;  died  in  Washington,  D.  C.,  Sep- 
tember 14,  1891. 

Hyneman,  John  M.,  a  Representative  from 
Pennsylvania;  native  of  Berks  county,  Pa.;  pur- 
sued classical  studies;  served  in  the  state  house  of 
representatives  in  1809;  elected  to  the  Twelfth  and 
Thirteenth  Congresses,  and  served  from  March  4, 
1811,  to  1813,  when  he  resigned;  surveyor  of  Berks 
county  1814-1824. 

Hynes,  William  J.,  a  Representative  from 
Arkansas;  born  in  County  Clare,  Ireland,  March  31, 
1843;  in  1854  emigrated  to  the  United  States  and 
located  in  New  York;  attended  the  public  schools 
of  Massachusetts;  learned  the  art  of  printing; 


BIOGRAPHIES. 


751 


studied  law  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1870  in 
Little  Rock,  Ark.;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the 
Forty-third  Congress  (March  4, 1873-March  3, 1875); 
moved  to  Chicago  in  1876  and  resumed  the  practice 
of  law. 

Dirie,  Peter,  jr.,  a  Representative  from  Penn- 
sylvania; born  in  Easton,  Pa.,  February  3,  1796; 
was  graduated  from  Dickinson  college  in  1815; 
studied  law,  was  admitted  to  bar  August  20, 
1818,  and  practiced  in  Easton,  Pa.;  member  of  the 
State  legislature;  brigadier  general  of  state  militia 
in  1845;  elected  as  a  Jackson  Democrat  to  the 
Twenty-first  and  Twenty-second  Congresses  (March 
4,  1829-March  3,  1833);  brigadier  general  of  state 
militia;  charter  member  of  board  of  trustees  of 
Laf yette  college  in  1826 ;  a  director  of  the  Easton 
bank;  died  in  Easton,  Pa.,  March  29,  1871. 

Dart,  George  Pierce,  a  Representative  from 
Ohio;  born  near  West  Beaver,  Columbiana  county, 
Ohio,  November  3,  1852;  attended  the  common 
and  public  schools  of  New  Lisbon;  taught  school 
and  studied  law,  but  ill  health  compelled  an 
abandonment  of  both;  attended  the  Columbus 
medical  college;  moved  to  Cincinnati,  Ohio,  was 
graduated  from  the  Cincinnati  college  of  medicine 
and  surgery  in  1877  and  practiced  five  years; 
went  to  New  York  in  1882;  was  graduated  from 
the  Bellevue  hospital  medical  college  in  1883,  and 
again  resumed  practice;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to 
the  Fifty-third  Congress  (March  4, ,  1893-March  3, 
1895);  resumed  the  practice  of  medicine  in  East 
Liverpool,  Ohio. 

Dsley,  Daniel,  a  Representative  from  Massa- 
chusetts; born  in  Falmouth,  Mass,  (afterwards 
Maine),  May  30,  1740;  received  a  liberal  schooling; 
became  a  distiller;  major  and  mustering  officer, 
Falmouth,  Me.;  delegate  in  the  state  convention 
that  adopted  the  Federal  constitution;  member  of 
the  state  house  of  representatives;  elected  as  a. 
Democrat  to  the  Tenth  Congress  (March  4,  1807- 
March  3,  1809);  died  in  Falmouth  (now  Portland), 
Me.,  May  10,  1813. 

Irnlay,  James  H.,  a  Representative  from  New 
Jersey;  native  of  New  Jersey;  pursued  classical 
studies  and  was  graduated  from  Princeton  college 
in  1786,  where  he  was  also  a  tutor;  elected  to  the 
Fifth  and  Sixth  Congresses  (March  4,  1797-March 
3,  1800). 

Ingalls,  John  James,  a  Senator  from  Kansas; 
born  in  Middleton,  Mass.,  December  29,  1833; 
completed  preparatory  studies  in  Haverhill,  Mass., 
and  was  graduated  from  Williams  college  in  1855; 
studied  law  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1857; 
moved  to  Sumner,  Kans.,  in  October,  1858;  mem- 
ber of  the  Wyandotte  constitutional  convention 
in  1859;  secretary  of  the  territorial  council  in  1860; 
secretary  of  the  state  senate  in  1861;  member  of 
the  state  senate  from  Atchison  county  in  1862; 
defeated  as  the  Republican  candidate  for  lieu- 
tenant governor  in  1863,  and  1864;  edited  the 
Atchison  Champion,  and  aided  in  founding  the 
Kansas  Magazine;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the 
United  States  Senate;  reelected  in  1879  and  1885, 
and  served  from  March  4,  1873,  to  March  3,  1891; 
elected  President  pro  tempore  of  the  Senate  Feb- 
ruary 25,  1887;  reelected  March  7,  1889;  April  2, 
1889;  December  5,  1889;  February  28,  1890;  April 
3,  1890,  when  chosen  to  preside  "during  future 
absences  of  the  Vice  President,  and  at  the  pleasure 
of  the  Senate;"  resigned  as  President  pro  tempore 
February  19,  1891;  defeated  for  reelection  to  the 


United  States  Senate;  died  in  East  Las  Vegas, 
N.  Mex.,  August  16,  1900. 

Inge,  Samuel  Williams,  a  Representative  from 
Alabama;  born  in  Warren  county,  N.  C.,  February 
22,  1817;  moved  to  Greene  county,  Ala.;  attended 
public  schools ;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar, 
and  began  practice  in  Livingston  county,  Ala.; 
member  of  the  state  house  of  representatives  1844- 
1845;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Thirtieth  and 
Thirty-first  Congresses  (March  4,  1847-March  3, 
1851);  participated  in  a  duel  with  Edward  Stanley, 
a  representative  from  North  Carolina  on  the  Bla- 
densburg  grounds,  but  neither  received  serious 
injuries;  resumed  practice  of  law;  appointed  by 
President  Pierce  United  States  attorney  for  the 
northern  district  of  California  in  1853;  died  in 
San  Francisco,  Cal.,  in  1867. 

Inge,  William  Marshall,  a  Representative  from 
Tennessee;  native  of  Tennessee;  elected  as  a 
Democrat  to  the  Twenty-third  Congress  (March 
4,  1833-March  3,  1835);  moved  to  Livingston, 
Sumter  county,  Ala.,  in  1836;  member  of  the 
state  house  of  representatives  in  1840,  1844,  and 
1845;  died  in  Livingston,  Ala.,  in  1846. 

Ingersoll,  Charles  Jared,  a  Representative 
from  Pennsylvania;  born  in  Philadelphia,  Pa., 
October  3,  1782;  received  an  academic  training; 
studied  law  and  began  practice  in  Philadelphia, 
Pa.;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Thirteenth 
Congress  (March  4,  1813-March  3,  1815);  appointed 
United  S.tates  district  attorney  for  Pennsylvania, 
1815-1829;  member  of  the  state  legislature;  secre- 
tary of  legation  to  Prussia  in  1837;  eleTted  as  a 
Democrat  to  the  Twenty-seventh  and  to  the  three 
succeeding  Congresses  (March  4,  1841-March  3, 
1849);  appointed  minister  to  France  in  1847,  but 
not  confirmed  by  the  Senate;  died  in  Philadel- 
phia, Pa.,  May  14,  1862. 

Ingersoll,  Colin  Macrae,  a  Representative 
from  Connecticut;  born  in  New  Haven,  Conn., 
March  11,  1819;  received  an  academic  training, 
and  was  graduated  from  Trinity  college  in  1839; 
clerk  of  the  state  senate  in  1843;  studied  law,  was 
admitted  to  the  bar,  and  began  practice  in  New 
Haven,  Conn.;  appointed  secretary  of  legation  at 
St.  Petersburg  by  President  Polk  1847-1848,  and 
was  acting  charge"  d'affaires  in  1848;  elected  as  a 
Democrat  to  the  Thirty-second  and  Thirty-third 
Congresses  (March  4,  1851-March  3,  1855);  adju- 
tant general  of  Connecticut  in  1867  and  1871; 
died  in  New  Haven,  Conn.,  September  13,  1903. 

Ingersoll,  Ebon  Clark,  a  Representative  from 
Illinois;  born  in  Dresden,  Yates  county,  N.  Y., 
December  12,  1831;  moved  to  Wisconsin  Territory 
in  1843  and  subsequently  to  Illinois;  pursued 
classical  studies  in  Peoria,  111.,  and  in  Paducah, 
Ky.;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1854, 
and  began  practice  in  Peoria,  111.;  elected  as  a 
Republican  to  the  Thirty-eighth  Congress,  to  fill 
vacancy  caused  by  death  of  Owen  Lovejoy;  re- 
elected  to  the  Thirty-ninth,  Fortieth,  and  Forty- 
first  Congresses,  and  served  from  May  20,  1864, 
to  March  3,  1871;  died  in  Washington,  D.  C.,  May 
31,  1879. 

Ingersoll,  Jared,  a  Delegate  from  Pennsyl- 
vania; born  in  New  Haven,  Conn.,  October  24, 
1749;  received  a  classical  education;  was  graduated 
from  Yale  college  in  1766;  studied  law  at  the  Mid- 
dle Temple,  London,  England;  located  in  Phila- 
delphia, Pa.,  in  1771;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in 


752 


CONGRESSIONAL    DIRECTORY. 


1773;  Delegate  in  the  Continental  Congress  1780- 
1781;  delegate  in  the  convention  that  framed  the 
Federal  constitution  in  1787;  the  first  attorney 
general  of  Pennsylvania,  1790-1799  and  1811- 
1817;  appointed  United  States  district  attorney 
for  the  eastern  district  of  Pennsylvania;  declined 
appointment  of  judge  of  the  Federal  court  in  1801; 
unsuccessful  Federalist  candidate  for  Vice  Presi- 
dent of  the  United  States  in  1812;  presiding  judge 
of  the  district  courts  of  Philadelphia  county  until 
his  death  in  Philadelphia,  Pa.,  October  31,  1822. 

Ingersoll,  Joseph  Heed,  a  Representative 
from  Pennsylvania;  born  in  Philadelphia,  Pa., 
June  14,  1786;  pursued  a  classical  course,  and  was 
graduated  from  Princeton  college  in  1804 ;  studied 
law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced  prac- 
tice in  Philadelphia,  Pa. ;  elected  as  a  Whig  to  the 
Twenty-fourth  Congress  (March  4,  1835-March  3, 
1837);  reelected  to  the  Twenty-seventh  Congress, 
to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  the  resignation  of  John 
Sergeant;  reelected  to  the  Twenty-eighth,  Twenty- 
ninth,  and  Thirtieth  Congresses,  and  served  from 
December  9,  1841,  to  March  3,  1849;  declined  fur- 
ther reelection;  appointed  minister  to  Great  Brit- 
ain, and  served  from  August  21, 1852,  to  August  23, 
1853;  died  in  Philadelphia,  Pa.,  February  20, 1868. 

Ingersoll,  Ralph  Isaacs,  a  Representative 
from  Connecticut;  born  in  New  Haven,  Conn., 
February  8,  1789;  pursued  classical  studies,  and 
was  graduated  from  Yale  college  in  1808;  studied 
law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1811,  and  com- 
menced practice  in  New  Haven;  member  of  th 
state  house  of  representatives  1820-1825-  electee 
as  a  Democrat  to  the  Nineteenth  and  to  the  three 
succeeding  Congresses  (March  4,  1825-March  3, 
1833);  attorney  general  of  Connecticut;  minister 
to  Russia,  August  8,  1846,  to  July  1, 1848,  when  he 
resigned;  died  in  New  Haven  Conn.,  August  26, 
1872. 

Ingham,  Samuel,  a  Representative  from  Con- 
necticut; born  in  Hebron,  Conn.,  September  5, 
1793;  attended  school  in  Vermont;  studied  law, 
was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1815,  and  commenced 
practice  in  Saybrook  in  1817;  state  attorney  for 
Middlesex  county,  1827-1835  and  in  1843-1844; 
judge  of  probate,  1829-1833;  judge  of  the  Middle- 
sex county  court,  1849-1853 ;  elected  as  a  Democrat 
to  the  Twenty-fourth  and  Twenty-fifth  Congresses 
(March  4, 1835-March  3, 1839) ;  member  of  the  state 
house  of  representatives,  and  served  three  years  as 
speaker;  elected  to  the  state  senate;  defeated  as 
the  Democratic  candidate  for  the  United  States 
Senate  in  1854;  United  States  commissioner  of  cus- 
toms December  5,  1857,  to  May  14,  1861;  died  in 
Essex,  Conn.,  November  10,  1881. 

Ingham,  Samuel  Delusenna,  a  Representative 
from  Pennsylvania;  born  in  Great  Spring  (near 
New  Hope),  Bucks  county,  Pa.,  September  16, 
1779;  attended  the  public  schools;  engaged  in  the 
manufacture  of  paper;  member  of  the  state  legis- 
lature for  three  years;  secretary  of  the  common- 
wealth; prothonotary  at  Doylestown;  elected  as  a 
Jefferson  Democrat  to  the  Thirteenth,  Fourteenth, 
and  Fifteenth  Congresses,  and  served  from  March 
4,  1813,  to  July  6,  1818,  when  he  resigned;  elected 
to  the  Seventeenth  Congress,  to  fill  vacancy  caused 
by  the  resignation  of  Samuel  Moore;  reelected  to 
the  Eighteenth,  Nineteenth,  and  Twentieth  Con- 

fresses,  and  served  from  December  2,   1822,  to 
larch  3,  1829;    Secretary  of  the  Treasury  from 
March  6,  1829,  to  June  21,  1831,  when  he  resigned; 
died  in  Trenton,  N.  J.,  June  5,  1860. 


Irby,  John  Laurens  Manning,  a  Senator  from 
South  Carolina;  born  in  Laurens,  S.  C.,  September 
10,  1854;  attended  Laurensville  male  academy, 
the  College  of  New  Jersey,  Princeton,  N.  J.,  and  the 
University  of  Virginia;  studied  law,  was  admitted 
to  the  bar  in  1876,  and  practiced  in  Laurens  until 
1879;  appointed  lieutenant  colonel  of  South  Caro- 
lina militia  in  1877;  member  of  state  house  of  rep- 
resentatives in  1886, 1888,  and  1890,  and  speaker  in 
1890;  chairman  of  the  state  Democratic  executive 
committee  in  the  campaign  of  1890;  elected  as  a 
Democrat  to  the  United  States  Senate,  and  served 
from  March  4,  1891,  to  March  3,  1897;  resumed  the 
practice  of  law  in  Laurens,  S.  C.,  and  died  there, 
December  9,  1900. 

Iredell,  James,  a  Senator  from  North  Carolina; 
born  in  Edenton,  N.  C.,  November  2,  1788;  pur- 
sued classical  studies,  and  was  graduated  from 
Princeton  college  in  1806;  studied  law  and  was 
admitted  to  the  bar  in  1809;  served  in  the  War  of 
1812  as  captain  of  a  company  of  volunteers,  and 
went  to  the  defense  of  Norfolk,  Va. ;  representative 
in  the  state  legislature  1816-1827,  and  speaker  1817- 
1819;  appointed  judge  of  the  superior  court  of 
North  Carolina  in  March,  and  resigned  in  May, 
1819;  governor  of  North  Carolina,  1827-1828; 
elected  to  the  United  States  Senate  to  fill  vacancy 
caused  by  the  resignation  of  Nathaniel  Macon,  and 
served  from  December  23,  1828,  to  March  3,  1831; 
moved  to  Raleigh,  where  he  practiced  law  and  was 
supreme  court  reporter  and  a  commissioner  to  revise 
the  state  laws';  died  in  Edenton,  N.  C.,  April  13, 
1853. 

Irion,  Alfred  Briggs,  a  Representative  from 
Louisiana;  born  in  Bunkie,  Avoyelles  parish,  La., 
February  18,  1833;  attended  the  common  schools 
and  was  graduated  from  the  University  of  North 
Carolina  in  1855;  studied  law  and  was  admitted  to 
the  bar  in  1857 ;  delegate  in  the  state  convention  of 
1860,  and  opposed  secession;  entered  the  Confed- 
erate army;  member  of  the  state  house  of  represen- 
tatives; edited  a  newspaper  in  Marksville,  La.; 
moved  to  Evergreen,  La.,  in  1870,  and  engaged  in 
planting;  elected  judge  of  the  circuit  court  of 
appeals  in  1880,  and  served  four  years;  elected  as  a 
Democrat  to  the  Forty-ninth  Congress  (March  4, 
1885-March  3,  1887) ;  retired  to  his  plantation  home 
at  Eola,  La.;  died  at  the  home  of  a  son  in  New 
Orleans,  La.,  May  21,  1903. 

Irvin,  Alexander,  a  Representative  from  Penn- 
sylvania; born  in  Center  county,  Pa.,  January  18, 
1800;  resided  in  Clearfield;  elected  to  the  state 
senate  in  1834;  United  States  marshal,  western 
district  of  Pennsylvania,  under  President  Taylor; 
elected  as  a  Whig  to  the  Thirtieth  Congress  (March 
4,  1847-March  3,  1849);  died  in  Clearfield,  Pa., 
March  20,  1874. 

Irvin,  James,  a  Representative  from  Pennsyl- 
vania; born  in  Linden  Hall,  Center  county,  Pa., 
February  18,  1800;  attended  common  schools;  en- 
gaged in  mercantile  business,  in  milling,  mining, 
and  manufacturing  in  Oak  Hall,  Milesburg,  and 
Bellefonte,  Pa. ;  elected  as  a  Whig  to  the  Twenty- 
seventh  and  Twenty-eighth  Congresses  (March  4, 
1841-March  3,  1845);  WTiig  candidate  for  governor 
in  1847,  and  defeated;  naval  storekeeper  in  Phila- 
delphia after  financial  losses  in  1857 ;  died  in  Hecla, 
Schuykill  county,  Pa.,  November  28,  1862. 

Irvin,  William  W.,  a  Representative  from  Ohio; 
born  in  Albemarle  county,  Va.,  in  1778;  pursued 
an  academic  course;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to 


BIOGRAPHIES. 


753 


the  bar,  and  began  practice  in  Lancaster,  Ohio; 
held  several  local  offices;  member  of  the  state  gen- 
eral assembly  1806-1808;  justice  of  the  state  su- 
preme court  1808-1815;  representative  in  the  state 
general  assembly  1825-1828,  and  served  as  speaker 
1825-1826;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Twenty- 
first  and  Twenty-second  Congresses  (March  4, 1829- 
March  3,  1833);  defeated  for  reelection  to  the 
Twenty -third  Congress;  died  in  Lancaster,  Ohio, 
April  19,  1842. 

Irvine,  William,  a  Delegate  and  a  Representa- 
tive from  Pennsylvania;  born  in  Fermanagh, 
Ulster,  Ireland,  November  3,  1741;  pursued  classi- 
cal studies,  and  was  graduated  from  the  Dublin 
university;  studied  medicine  and  was  admitted  to 
practice;  served  as  surgeon  on  a  British  man-of-war; 
came  to  Carlisle,  Pa.,  in  1763;  delegate  to  the  state 
Revolutionary  conventions,  1764-1766;  colonel  of 
the  sixth  Pennsylvania  regiment  in  the  Revolu- 
tionary army;  captured  in  Canada  June  16,  1776, 
and  remained  a  prisoner  of  war  until  exchanged, 
May  6,  1778;  appointed  brigadier  general  May  12, 
1779,  and  served  until  the  close  of  the  war;  Delegate 
from  Pennsylvania  in  the  Continental  Congress, 
1786-1788;  commanded  the  state  troops  in  whisky 
insurrection  in  1794;  elected  to  the  Third  Congress 
(March  4,  1793-March  3,  1795);  moved  to  Phila- 
delphia, where  he  was  superintendent  of  military 
stores,  1801-1804;  died  in  Philadelphia,  Pa.,  July 
29,  1804. 

Irvine,  William,  a  Representative  from  New 
York;  born  in  Broome  county,  N.  Y.,  in  1820, 
moved  to  Greene  county,  N.  Y.,  in  1841;  studied 
law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1849,  and  began 
practice  in  Corning,  Steuben  county,  N.  Y. ;  elected 
as  a  Republican  to  the  Thirty-sixth  Congress  (March 
4,  1859-March  3,  1861);  served  in  the  Civil  war; 
assisted  in  raising  the  tenth  regiment  of  cavalry, 
New  York  volunteers,  of  which  he  became  lieu- 
tenant colonel  November  25,  1861;  brevet  colonel 
and  brigadier  general  of  volunteers  March  13,  1865, 
''for  faithful  and  meritorious  service";  mustered 
out  December  6,  1864;  adjutant  general  of  New 
York  1865-1866;  moved  to  California  and  resumed 
practice  of  law;  died  in  San  Francisco,  Cal., 
November  12,  1882 

Irving,  William,  a  Representative  from  New 
York;  born  in  New  York  City  August  15,  1766; 
completed  preparatory  studies;  engaged  in  mercan- 
tile trade  and  in  the  fur  trade  with  the  Indians 
along  the  Mohawk  River;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to 
the  Thirteenth  Congress  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by 
resignation  of  Egbert  Benson;  reelected  to  the 
Fourteenth  and  Fifteenth  Congresses  and  served 
from  January  22,  1814,  to  April  20,  1818,  when  he 
resigned  on  account  of  declining  health;  contrib- 
uted several  essays  and  poems  to  Salmagundi,  pub- 
lished by  his  brother,  Washington  Irving;  died  in 
New  York  City  November  9,  1821. 

Irwin,  Harvey  Samuel,  a  Representative  from 
Kentucky;  born  in  Highland  county,  Ohio,  Decem- 
ber 10,  1844;  was  graduated  from  the  high  school 
of  Greenfield,  Ohio;  began  the  study  of  law,  but 
abandoned  that  to  enlist  in  the  Union  army;  as- 
sisted in  raising  a  regiment  of  artillery,  which  was 
consolidated  with  another  regiment,  and  commis- 
sioned a  lieutenant;  transferred  to  a  special  corps 
in  the  Regular  army,  in  which  he  served  until  the 
the  close  of  the  war;  located  in  Louisville,  Ky.; 
resumed  the  study  of  law  and  was  admitted  to  the 
bar;  appointed  successively  assistant  internal-  reve- 
nue assessor,  deputy  clerk  of  the  United  States  dis- 

50346°— S.  Doc.  654,  61-2 48 


trict  court,  and  chief  deputy  collector  of  the  fifth 
internal-revenue  district  of  Kentucky;  assisted  in 
founding  the  Home  and  Savings  Fund  company; 
elected  railroad  commissioner,  1895;  elected  as  a 
Republican  to  the  Fifty-seventh  Congress  (March  4. 
1901-March  3,  1903);  defeated  for  the  Fifty-eighth 
Congress;  resumed  the  practice  of  law  in  Washing- 
ton, D.  C. 

Irwin,  Jared,  a  Representative  from  Pennsyl- 
vania; elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Thirteenth  and 
Fourteenth  Congresses  (March  4,  1813-March  3, 

1817). 

Irwin,  Thomas,  a  Representative  from  Penn- 
sylvania; born  in  Philadelphia,  Pa.,  February  22, 
1785;  attended  common  schools  and  Franklin  col- 
lege; editor  of  the  Philadelphia  Repository  in  1804; 
studied  law  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1808, 
and  began  practice  in  Union  town;  appointed  In- 
dian agent  at  Natchitoches,  La.,  where  he  also 
practiced  law  for  two  years;  returned  to  Union- 
town,  Pa.,  and  was  a  member  of  the  state  legisla- 
ture, 1824-1826;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the 
Twenty-first  Congress  (March  4,  1829-March  3, 
1831);  appointed  by  President  Jackson  a  United 
States  judge  for  the  western  district  of  Pennsyl- 
vania, and  served  until  his  death  in  Pittsburgh, 
Pa,  May  14,  1870. 

Irwin,  William  Wallace,  a  Representative  from 
Pennsylvania;  born  in  Pittsburgh,  Pa.,  in  1803; 
attended  a  private  school  in  Pittsburgh  and  Alle- 
gheny college,  Meadville,  Pa.;  studied  law,  was 
admitted  to  the  bar,  and  practiced  in  Pittsburgh; 
elected  as  a  Whig  to  the  Twenty-seventh  Congress 
(March  4,  1841-March  3,  1843);  charge  d'affaires  to 
Denmark,  March  3,  1843,  to  June  12,  1847;  died  in 
Pittsburgh,  Pa.,  September  15,  1856. 

Isacks,  Jacob  C.,  a  Representative  from  Ten- 
nessee; native  of  Montgomery  county,  Pa.;  moved 
to  Winchester,  Tenn.;  elected  to  the  Eighteenth 
and  to  the  four  succeeding  Congresses  (March  4, 
1823-March  3,  1833);  defeated  for  the  Twenty- 
third  Congress. 

Ittner,  Anthony,  a  Representative  from  Mis- 
souri; born  in  Dayton,  Ohio,  October  8,  1837; 
attended  the  common  schools;  engaged  in  contract- 
ing and  building;  moved  to  St.  Louis,  Mo.,  in  1844, 
and  engaged  in  brick  manufacture;  member  of  the 
city  council  of  St.  Louis,  Mo.,  1867-1868;  member 
of  the  general  assembly  of  Missouri,  1868;  elected 
to  the  state  senate  1870  and  1874;  elected  as  a 
Republican  to  the  Forty-fifth  Congress  (March  4, 
1877-March  3,  1879);  returned  to  business  pursuits 
in  St.  Louis,  Mo. 

Iverson,  Alfred,  a  Representative  and  a  Sena- 
tor from  Georgia;  born  in  Burke  county,  Ga.,  De- 
cember 3,  1798;  pursued  classical  studies  and  was 
graduated  from  Princeton  college  in  1820;  studied 
law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  began  practice 
in  Columbus,  Ga.;  member  of  the  state  house  of 
representatives  for  three  years,  and  of  the  state 
senate  one  year;  judge  of  the  state  superior  court 
for  seven  years;  presidential  elector  on  the  Polk 
and  Dallas  ticket  in  1844;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to 
the  Thirtieth  Congress  (March  4,  1847-March  3, 
1849);  elected  to  the  United  States  Senate,  and 
served  from  March  4,  1855,  to  January  28,  1861, 
when  he  retired ;  served  in  the  Confederate  armv  as 
colonel;  appointed  brigadier  general  in  1862;  died 
in  Macon,  Ga.,  March  5,  1873. 


754 


CONGRESSIONAL   DIEECTORY. 


Ives,  Willard,  a  Representative  from  New  York; 
born  in  Watertown/,  N.  Y.,  July  7,  1806;  attended 
the  public  schools;  engaged  in  agricultural  pur- 
suits; elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Thirty-second 
Congress  (March  4,  1851-March  3,  1853);  died  in 
Watertown,  N.  Y.,  in  April  19,  1896. 

Izard,,  Ralph,  a  Delegate  and  a  Senator  from 
South  Carolina;  born  near  Charleston,  S.  C.,  in 
1742;  pursued  classical  studies  in  Hackney,  and 
was  graduated  from  Christ  college,  Cambridge, 
England;  returned  to  America,  but  went  abroad 
to  reside  in  1771;  lived  in  London  and  Paris,  was 
appointed  commissioner  to  the  court  of  Tuscany, 
but  recalled  in  1779:  Delegate  from  South  Carolina 
in  the  Continental  Congress,  1782-1783;  elected  to 
the  United  States  Senate,  and  served  from  March 
4, 1789,  to  March  3, 1795;  President  pro  tempore  of 
the  Senate  from  May  31, 1794,  to  February  20, 1795; 
pledged  his  large  estate  in  South  Carolina  for  the 
payment  of  ships  of  war  to  be  used  in  the  Revolu- 
tion; founder  of  the  College  of  Charleston;  died 
near  Charleston,  S.  C.,  May  30,  1804. 

Izlar,  James  Ferdinand,  a  Representative 
from  South  Carolina;  born  in  Orangeburg  county, 
S.  C.,  November  25,  1832;  attended  the  common 
schools,  and  was  graduated  from  Emory  college, 
Oxford,  Ga.,  in  1855;  studied  law,  and  was  admitted 
to  the  bar  in  1858;  served  as  an  officer  in  the  Con- 
federate army;  after  the  war  returned  to  Orange- 
burg,  and  resumed  the  practice  of  law;  elected  to 
the  state  senate  for  twelve  years,  and  for  eight 
years  was  president  pro  tempore  of  the  body; 
elected  by  the  general  assembly  judge  of  the  first 
judicial  circuit  in  1889;.  delegate  in  the  Demo- 
cratic national  convention  of  1884;  elected  as  a 
Democrat  to  the  Fifty-third  Congress,  to  fill 
vacancy  caused  by  the  resignation  of  William  H. 
Brawley,  and  served  from  April  12,  1894,  to  March 
3,  1895;  resumed  the  practice  of  law  in  Orangeburg, 
until  he  retired  in  1907;  died  in  Orangeburg,  S.  C., 
May  26,  1912. 

Jack,  Summers  Melville,  a  Representative 
from  Pennsylvania;  born  in  Summersville,  Jeffer- 
son county,  Pa.,  July  18,  1852;  attended  the  public 
and  private  schools  of  Jefferson  county  and  the 
Indiana  normal  school  of  Pennsylvania;  taught 
school  for  six  years;  studied  law  in  Indiana, 
Pa.,  was  admitted  to  the  bar  September  10, 
1879,  and  practiced  in  Indiana,  Pa.;  district 
attorney  for  Indiana  county  1884-1890;  mem- 
ber of  the  board  of  trustees  of  the  Indiana  nor- 
mal school  in  1886,  1889,  1892,  1895,  and  1898; 
chairman  of  the  congressional  conference  for  the 
twenty-first  district  in  1896;  elected  as  a  Repub- 
lican to  the  Fifty-sixth  and  Fifty-seventh  Con- 
gresses (March  4,  1899-March  3,  1903);  member  of 
delegation  of  Senators  and  Representatives  sent 
to  the  Philippine  islands  in  1901  to  inquire  into 
advisability  of  establishing  civil  government;  re- 
sumed the  practice  of  law  in  Indiana,  Pa. 

Jack,  William,  a  Representative  from  Pennsyl- 
vania; native  of  Pennsylvania;  lived  in  Brook- 
ville;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Twenty-seventh 
Congress  (March  4,  1841-March  3,  1843). 

Jackson,  Alfred  Metcalf,  a  Representative 
from  Kansas;  born  in  South  Carrollton,  Muhlen- 
berg  county,  Ky.,  July  14,  I860;  attended  West 
Kentucky  college,  studied  law  and  was  admitted 
to  the  bar;  moved  to  Howard,  Elk  county,  Kans., 
in  1881,  and  engaged  in  the  practice  of  law;  elected 
county  attorney  in  1890  and  1892;  elected  judge 


of  the  thirteenth  judicial  district  and  served  one 
term;  moved  to  Winfield,  Kans.,  elected  as  a  Demo- 
crat to  the  Fifty-seventh  Congress  (March  4,  1901- 
March  3,  1903) ;  resumed  the  practice  of  law  in  Win- 
field,  Kans. 

Jackson,  Amos  Henry,  a  Representative  irom 
Ohio;  born  near  the  village  of  Franklin,  Delaware 
county,  N.  Y.,  May  10,  1847;  moved  to  Gibson, 
Steuben  county,  -N.  Y.,  in  1854;  attended  school 
in  Gibson;  moved  to  Corning,  N.  Y.,  in  18G2;  went 
West  in  1866,  and  located  in  Fremont,  Ohio,  and 
engaged  in  garment  manufacture;  elected  mayor 
of  Fremont  in  1897  and  1899;  elected  as  a  Repub- 
lican to  the  Fifty-eighth  Congress  (March  4,  1903- 
March  3,  1905);  a  resident  of  Fremont,  Ohio,  and 
identified  with  manufacturing  interests. 

Jackson,  Andrew,  a  Representative  and  a 
Senator  from  Tennessee;  born  at  the  George 
McKenney  homestead  in  Mecklenberg  county, 
N.  C.,  March  15, 1767;  moved  with  his  mother  to  the 
Waxhaw  settlement  in  South  Carolina  in  1767; 
attended  the  "old  field"  school,  the  academy  of 
Dr.  Humphries,  and  Queens  college,  Charlotte, 
N.  C.,  for  a  short  period;  during  the  Revolution 
was  captured  by  the  British  and  confined  in  the 
stockade  in  Camden,  S.  C.;  left  an  orphan  at  14 
years  of  age;  worked  for  a  time  in  a  saddler's 
shop  and  afterwards  taught  school;  studied  law  in 
Salisbury,  N.  C.,  1785-1788,  and  was  admitted  to 
the  bar  in  1787;  appointed  solicitor  of  the  western 
district  of  North  Carolina,  comprising  what  is  now 
the  state  of  Tennessee,  in  1788,  and  located  in 
Nashville,  Tenn.,  in  October,  1788;  delegate  to  the 
convention  to  frame  a  constitution  for  the  new 
state  in  Knoxville,  Tenn.,  in  January,  1796; 
elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Fourth  Congress,  and 
served  from  December  5,  1796,  to  March  3,  1797; 
elected  to  the  United  States  Senate,  and  served 
from  September  26,  1797,  until  his  resignation  in 
April,  1798;  elected  judge  of  the  state  supreme 
court  of  Tennessee,  and  served  from  1798  to  July 
24,  1804;  moved  to  the  "Hermitage,"  near  Nash- 
ville, and  engaged  in  planting  and  in  mercantile 
pursuits;  served  in  the  Creek  war  of  1813;  major  gen- 
eral of  volunteers  1812  to  1814;  commissioned  brig- 
dier  general  in  the  United  States  army  April  19, 
1814;  major  general  May  1,  1814;  led  his  army  to 
New  Orleans,  where  he  defeated  the  British 
January  8,  1815;  received  the  thanks  of  Congress 
and  a  gold  medal  by  resolution  of  February  27, 
1815;  commanded  an  expedition  which  captured 
Florida  in  1817;  governor  of  Florida  from  March  10 
to  July  18,  1821;  declined  the  position  of  minister 
to  Mexico;  again  elected  to  the  United  States  Sen- 
ate, and  served  from  March  4,  1823,  to  October  14, 
1825,  when  he  resigned;  defeated  as  the  Demo- 
cratic candidate  for  President  in  1824;  elected 
President,  and  reelected,  and  served  from  March  4, 
1829,  to  March  3,  1837;  retired  to  the  "Hermitage,  " 
his  estate  near  Nashville,  Tenn.  where  he  died 
June  8,  1845. 

Jackson,  David,  a  Delegate  from  Pennsylvania; 
born  in  Oxford,  Chester  county,  Pa.,  in  1747;  was 
graduated  from  the  medical  department  of  the 
University  of  Pennsylvania  in  1768,  and  was  an 
apothecary  and  physician  in  Philadelphia,  Pa., 
1768-1801;  served  in  the  Revolution  and  was  pay- 
master of  the  second  battalion  of  Philadelphia 
militia,  December  3,  1776;  quartermaster  of  militia 
in  the  field  October  23,  1779;  hospital  physician 
i  and  surgeon  September  30,  1780;  was  present  at 
the  surrender  of  Lord  Cornwallis,  Yorktown,  Va., 
October  19,  1781;  Delegate  in  the  Continental 


BIOGRAPHIES. 


755 


Congress  1785-1786;  died  in  Philadelphia,  Pa.,  in 
1801. 

Jackson,  David  S.,  a  Representative  from  New 
York;  native  of  New  York  City;  attended  the 
public  schools;  alderman  in  the  common  council 
of  New  York  City  1843-1846;  elected  as  a  Demo- 
crat to  the  Thirtieth  Congress,  and  served  from 
March  4,  1847,  to  April  19,  1848,  when  the  seat  was 
declared  vacant,  having  been  contested  unsuc- 
cessfully by  James  Monroe;  again  an  alderman  in 
1856-1857. 

Jackson,  Ebenezer,  jr.,  a  Representative 
from  Connecticut;  bom  in  Savannah,  Ga.,  January 
31, 1796;  was  graduated  from  St.  Mary's  college  near 
Baltimore,  Md.,  in  1814;  studied  law  at  the  Litch- 
field  law  school,  Connecticut;  was  admitted  to  the 
bar,  and  practiced  in  Philadelphia,  Pa.,  1821-1826; 
removed  to  Middletown,  Conn.,  in  1826;  member 
of  the  state  assembly  several  terms;  elected  as  a 
Whig  to  the  Twenty-third  Congress,  to  fill  vacancy 
caused  by  the  resignation  of  Samuel  A.  Foot,  and 
served  from  December  31,  1834,  to  March  3,  1835; 
died  in  Middletown,  Conn.,  August  17,  1874. 

Jackson,  Edward.  B.,  a  Representative  from 
Virginia;  native  of  Clarksburg,  Harrison  county, 
W.  Va. ;  pursued  an  academic  course  in  the  Clarks- 
burg male  academy;  studied  medicine  and  com- 
menced practice  in  Clarksburg;  elected  to  the 
Sixteenth  Congress,  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  the 
resignation  of  James  Tindall;  reelected  to  the 
Seventeenth  Congress,  and  served  from  November 
30,  1820,  to  March  3,  1823;  died  in  Clarksurg, 
W.  Va.,  Septembers,  1826. 

Jackson,  Howell  Edmunds,  a  Senator  from 
Tennessee;  born  in  Paris,  Tenn.,  April  8,  1832; 
moved  with  his  parents  to  Jackson,  Tenn.,  in  1840; 
pursued  classical  studies  and  was  graduated  from 
West  Tennessee  college  in  1849,  from  the  Univer- 
sity of  Virginia  in  1854,  and  from  the  law  depart- 
ment of  Cumberland  university,  Lebanon,  Tenn., 
in  1856;  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced 
practice  in  Jackson;  moved  to  Memphis,  Tenn.,  in 
1859,  and  engaged  in  the  practice  of  law;  removed 
to  Jackson  in  1874,  and  served  on  the  court  of  arbi- 
tration for  west  Tennessee  by  appointment  on  two 
occasions;  prominent  candidate  for  supreme  judge 
before  the  nominating  convention;  elected  to  the 
state  house  of  representatives  in  1880;  elected  as  a 
Democrat  to  the  United  States  Senate,  and  served 
from  March  4,  1881,  until  April  14,  1886,  when  he 
resigned;  appointed  United  States  circuit  judge 
for  the  sixth  Federal  circuit,  April  12,  1886,  and 
served  until  February  4,  1893;  appointed  associate 
justice  of  the  United  States  supreme  court  to  fill 
vacancy  caused  by  the  death  of  Lucius  Q.  C. 
Lamar;  took  his  seat  upon  the  supreme  bench 
March  4,  1894,  and  served  until  his  death  in  West 
Meade,  Tenn.,  August  8,  1895. . 

Jackson,  Jabez,  a  Representative  from  Georgia; 
was  a  native  of  Georgia;  resided  at  Clarksville; 
elected  as  a  Union  Democrat  to  the  Twenty-fourth 
and  Twenty-fifth  Congresses  (March  4,  1835-March 
3,  1839). 

Jackson,  James,  a  Representative  and  a  Sena- 
tor from  Georgia;  born  in  Moreton-Hampstead, 
Devonshire,  England,  September  21,  1757;  came 
to  Georgia  in  1772  and  located  in  Savannah;  mem- 
ber of  the  first  constitutional  convention  of  Georgia 
in  1777;  clerk  of  the  court,  by  election  of  the  pro- 
vincial congress,  1776-1777;  elected  governor  in 


1778,  but  declined;  entered  the  Revolutionary 
army  as  captain  and  commander  of  the  Georgia 
legionary  forces  in  1781;  received  the  keys  to 
Savannah  from  the  British  July  12,  1782;  pre- 
sented with  a  house  in  Savannah  by  the  assembly 
of  the  state  of  Georgia;  elected  to  the  First  Con- 
gress (March  4,  1789-March  3,  1791);  contested  the 
election  of  Anthony  Wayne  in  the  Second  Con- 
gress, and  the  seat  was  declared  vacant  by  the 
House  March  21,  1792;  elected  to  the  United 
States  Senate,  and  served  from  March  4, 1793,  until 
his  resignation  in  1795;  presidential  elector  in  1797; 
governor  of  Georgia  1798-1801;  again  elected  to  the 
United  States  Senate,  and  served  from  March  4, 
1801,  until  his  death  in  Washington,  D.  C.,  March 
19,  1806;  interment  in  the  Congressional  cemetery 
in  Washington. 

Jackson,  James,  a  Representative  from  Geor- 
gia; born  in  Jefferson  county,  Ga.,  October  18, 
1819;  pursued  classical  studies  and  was  graduated 
from  the  University  of  Georgia  in  1837;  studied 
law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1839,  and  com- 
menced practice  in  Athens,  Ga.;  secretary  of  the 
state  senate  in  1842;  elected  to  the  state  house  of 
representatives  in  1845  and  1847;  judge  of  the 
superior  court  1846-1859;  resigned  in  June,  1859; 
elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Thirty-fifth  and  Thir- 
ty-sixth Congresses,  and  served  from  March  4, 
1857,  until  January  23,  1861,  when  he  retired 
from  the  House;  judge  advocate  on  the  staff  of 
Stonewall  Jackson  1861-1865;  removed  to  Macon, 
Ga.,  and  practiced  law  from  1865  to  1875;  removed 
to  Atlanta  in  1875;  appointed  an  associate  justice 
of  the  state  supreme  court  in  1875;  elected  to  the 
position  by  the  legislature  in  1880,  to  fill  an  unex- 
pired  term;  reelected  in  1887;  chief  justice  1879 
until  his  death  in  Atlanta,  Ga.,  January  13,  1887; 
interment  in  Macon,  Ga.  • 

Jackson,  James  Monroe,  a  Representative 
from  West  Virginia;  born  in  Parkersburg,  Wood 
county,  Va.  (now  West  Virginia),  December  3, 
1825;  pursued  an  academic  course,  and  was  gradu- 
ated from  Princeton  college  in  1845;  studied  law 
and  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1847;  elected  prose- 
cuting attorney  for  Wood  county  in  1856  and  1860; 
member  of  the  legislature  1870-1871;  member  of 
the  state  constitutional  convention  of  1872;  elected 
judge  of  the  fifth  judicial  circuit  and  served  fifteen 
years,  when  he  resigned;  presented  credentials  as 
a  Democratic  Member-elect  to  the  Fifty-first 
Congress,  and  served  from  March  4,  1889,  until 
February  3,  1890,  when  he  was  succeeded  by 
Charles  B.  Smith,  who  contested  his  election; 
died  in  Parkersburg,  W.  Va.,  February  14,  1901. 

Jackson,  James  Streshly,  a  Representative 
from  Kentucky;  born  in  Madison  county,  Ky., 
September  27,  1823;  pursued  classical  studies  in 
Centre  college,  was  graduated  from  Jefferson  col- 
lege, Pa.,  in  1844,  and  from  the  law  department  of 
Transylvania  university  in  1845;  was  admitted  to 
the  bar  and  began  practice  in  Greenupsburg,  Ky., 
in  1845;  served  in  the  Mexican  war;  enlisted  as  a 
private  in  the  first  Kentucky  cavalry  June  9,  1846; 
third  lieutenant  July  9,  1846;  resigned  October  10, 
1846;  elected  as  a  Unionist  to  the  Thirty-seventh 
Congress,  and  served  from  March  4, 1861,  to  Decem- 
ber 13,  1861,  when  he  resigned  to  enter  the  Union 
army;  raised  a  company  of  cavalrymen,  and  com- 
missioned colonel  third  Kentucky  cavalry  Decem- 
ber 13,  1861;  brigadier  general  of  volunteers  July 
16,  1862;  killed  in  the  battle  of  Perry ville  October 
8,  1862. 


756 


CONGRESSIONAL   DIRECTORY. 


Jackson,  John  George,  a  Representative  from 
Virginia;  born  in  Clarksburg,  Harrison  county,  Va., 
in  1774;  received  an  English  training,  and  became 
a  civil  engineer;  appointed  surveyor  of  public 
lands  of  what  is  now  the  state  of  Ohio  in  1793 ;  mem- 
ber of  the  Virginia  house  of  burgesses  1797-1801; 
elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Eighth,  and  to  the 
three  succeeding  Congresses,  and  served  from 
March  4,  1803,  until  1810,  when  he  resigned;  again 
state  representative,  1811-1812;  chosen  brigadier 
general  of  militia;  reelected  as  a  Democrat  to  the 
Thirteenth  and  Fourteenth  Congresses  (March  4, 
1813-March  3,  1817);  declined  a  reelection  to  the 
Fifteenth  Congress;  appointed  United  States  dis- 
trict judge  for  the  western  district  of  Virginia  in 
1819,  and  served  until  his  death  in  Clarksburg,  Va., 
March  29,  1825. 

Jackson,  Jonathan,  a  Delegate  from  Massachu- 
setts; born  in  Boston,  Mass.,  June  4, 1743;  pursued 
classical  studies,  and  was  graduated  from  Harvard 
college  in  1761;  engaged  in  mercantile  pursuits  in 
Newburyport;  member  of  the  provincial  congress 
in  1775;  member  of  the  state  legislature  in  1777; 
Delegate  in  the  Continental  Congress  1782-1783; 
elected  to  the  state  senate  in  1789;  United  States 
marshal,  district  of  Massachusetts,  1789-1791; 
treasurer  of  the  commonwealth  1802-1806  ^inspector 
and  supervisor  of  internal  revenue;  president  of 
the  state  bank  and  of  the  Harvard  corporation; 
died  in  Boston,  Mass.,  March  5,  1810. 

Jackson,  Joseph  W.,  a  Representative  from 
Georgia;  native  of  Georgia;  attended  the  public 
schools;  for  several  years  a  member  of  the  munici- 
pal council  of  Savannah  and  for  two  years  mayor; 
member  of  the  state  house  of  representatives  and  of 
the  state  senate;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the 
Thirty-first  Congress,  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  the 
resignation  of  Thomas  B.  King;  reelected  to  the 
Thirty-second  Congress,  and  served  from  March  4, 
1850,  to  March  3,  1853;  declined  a  reelection;  died 
in  Savannah,  Ga.,  September  20,  1854. 

Jackson,  Oscar  Lawrence,  a  Representative 
from  Pennsylvania;  born  in  Lawrence  county,  Pa., 
September  2,  1840;  attended  the  common  schools, 
Tansy  Hill  select  school,  and  Darlington  academy; 
served  in  the  Union  army  from  1861  to  1865;  en- 
tered as  captain  and  received  promotions  of  major, 
lieutenant  colonel,  and  colonel  by  brevet;  severely 
wounded  in  the  battle  of  Corinth,  Miss.,  October  4, 
1862;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1867 
and  commenced  practice  in  New  Castle,  Pa.;  dis- 
trict attorney  1868-1871;  member  of  the  commis- 
sion to  codify  laws  and  devise  a  plan  for  the  govern- 
ment of  cities  of  Pennsylvania  1877-1878;  elected 
as  a  Republican  to  the  Forty-ninth  and  Fiftieth 
Congresses  (March  4, 1885-March  3, 1889);  resumed 
the  practice  of  law  in  New  Castle,  Pa. ;  delegate  in 
Republican  national  convention  of  1896. 

Jackson,  Richard,  jr.,  a  Representative  from 
Rhode  Island;  born  in  Providence,  R.  I.,  July  3, 
1764;  completed  preparatory  studies  in  the  schools 
of  Providence  and  Pomfret,  Conn.;  early  entered 
mercantile  and  manufacturing  business;  elected  to 
the  Tenth  Congress,  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  the 
death  of  Nehemiah  Knight;  reelected  to  the  Elev- 
enth, Twelfth,  and  Thirteenth  Congresses,  and 
served  from  November  11,  1808,  to  March  3,  1815; 
trustee  of  Brown  university  1809-1838;  died  in 
Providence,  R.  I.,  April  18,  1838. 

Jackson,  Thomas  Birdsall,  a  Representative 
from  New  York;  born  in  Jerusalem,  Long  Island, 


N.  Y.,  March  24, 1797;  attended  the  public  schools; 
studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  practiced 
in  Jerusalem,  Hempstead,  and  Newtown,  N.  Y.; 
twice  elected  county  judge;  member  of  the  state 
general  assembly  1833-1837;  many  years  a  justice 
of  the  peace;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Twenty- 
fifth  and  Twenty-sixth  Congresses  (March  4,  1837- 
March  3,  1841);  died  in  Newtown,  Long  Island, 
N.  Y.,  April  23,  1881. 

Jackson,  William,  a  Representative  from  Mas- 
sachusetts; born  in  Newton,  Mass.,  September  2, 
1783;  attended  the  public  schools;  member  of  the 
state  house  of  representatives  1829-1832;  elected  as 
a  Whig  to  the  Twenty-third  and  Twenty-fourth 
Congresses  (March  4, 1834-March3, 1837);  declined 
a  renomination;  one  of  the  founders  of  the  Liberty 
party  in  1846;  promoted  and  superintended  the 
building  of  the  Boston  &  Worcester  and  Boston  & 
Albany  railways;  died  in  Newton,  Mass.,  February 
26,  1855. 

Jackson,  William  Humphreys,  a  Representa- 
tive from  Maryland;  born  near  Salisbury,  Md., 
October  15,  1839;  received  a  common-school  train- 
ing, and  engaged  in  farming;  in  1864  moved  to  Sal- 
isbury, Md.,  and  engaged  in  the  manufacture  of 
lumber;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Fifty- 
seventh  and  Fifty-eighth  Congresses  (March  4, 
1901-March  3,  1905);  reelected  to  the  Sixtieth 
Congresses  (March  4, 1907-March  3,  1909);  resumed 
manufacturing  in  Salisbury,  Md. 

Jackson,  William  T.,  a  Representative  from 
New  York;  born  in  Chester,  N.  Y.,  December  29, 
1794;  attended  the  public  schools;  engaged  in  mer- 
cantile pursuits  in  Havana,  N.  Y.;  justice  of  the 
peace  and  county  judge  of  Orange  county,  N.  Y., 
for  four  years;  elected  as  a  Whig  to  the  Thirty-first 
Congress  (March  4,  1849-March  3,  1851);  district 
attorney  of  Delaware  county  1866-1868  and  1872- 
1874. 

Jacobs,  Ferris,  jr.,  a  Representative  from  New 
York;  born  in  Delhi,  N.  Y.,  March  20,  1836;  was 
graduated  from  Williams  college  in  1856;  studied 
law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1859,  and  com- 
menced practice  in  Delhi;  served  in  the  Union 
army  in  the  Civil  war;  captain  of  the  third  New 
York  cavalry  August  26,  1861;  major  June  13, 1863; 
lieutenant  colonel  July  22,  1864;  honorably  mus- 
tered out  October  12,  1864;  lieutenant  colonel 
twenty-sixth  New  York  cavalry  March  15,  1865; 
brevet  brigadier  general  of  volunteers  March  13, 
1865,  "for  gallant  and  meritorious  service  during 
the  war;"  mustered  out  July  1,  1865;  resumed  law 
practice  in  Delhi,  N.  Y.;  elected  district-attorney 
1865-1866;  delegate  to  Chicago  convention  in  1880; 
elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Forty-seventh  Con- 
gress (March  4,  1881-March  3,  1883);  died  in  White 
Plains,  N.  Y.,  August  30,  1886. 

Jacobs,  Israel,  a  Representative  from  Pennsyl- 
vania; born  in  Germany;  moved  to  United  States 
in  his  youth  and  located  in  Philadelphia;  attended 
the  public  schools,  and  engaged  in  mercantile  pur- 
suits; elected  to  the  Second  Congress  (March  4, 
1791-March  3,  1793). 

Jacobs,  Orange,  a  Delegate  from  Washington; 
born  in  Livingston  county,  N.  Y.,  May  2,  1827; 
moved  with  his  parents  to  Michigan  territory  in 
1831,  where  he  attended  Albion  college  for  three 
years;  studied  law  with  John  B.  Howe  in  Lima, 
Ind.,  and  was  admitted  to  the  Michigan  bar  in  1850; 
moved  to  the  territory  of  Oregon  in  1852,  and  re- 


BIOGRAPHIES. 


757 


mained  there  until  1859;  appointed  associate  jus- 
tice of  the  supreme  court  of  Washington  territory 
in  1869,  and  within  a  year  appointed  chief  justice 
and  reappointed  at  the  expiration  of  four  years; 
elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Forty-fourth  and 
Forty-fifth  Congresses  (March  4,  IST^March  3, 
1879);  resumed  the  practice  of  law  in  Seattle; 
elected  judge  of  the  superior  court  of  Washington. 

Jadwin,  Cornelius  Comegys,  a  Representative 
from  Pennsylvania;  born  in  Carbondale,  Pa., 
March  27,  1835;  attended  the  common  schools  and 
taught  for  four  years;  studied  civil  engineering 
and  pharmacy;  from  1857  to  1861  a  civil  and 
mining  engineer;  entered  the  drug  business  and 
located  in  Honesdale,  Pa.,  1862;  nine  successive 
years  a  member,  and  for  three  years  president, 
of  the  board  of  education  of  his  district;  delegate 
in  the  Republican  national  convention  in  Chicago 
in  1880;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Forty- 
seventh  Congress  (March.  4,  1881-March  3,  1883); 
defeated  as  an  independent  candidate  for  the 
Forty -eighth  Congress;  resumed  business  in  Hones- 
dale,  Pa. 

James,  Addison  Davis,  a  Representative  from 
Kentucky;  born  near  Morgantown,  Butler  county, 
Ky.,  February  27,  1850;  received  a  public  school 
training,  and  began  the  study  of  medicine  in  1870; 
was  graduated  from  the  old  University  of  Louis- 
ville, Ky.,  in  1873;  member  of  the  state  constitu- 
tional convention  of  1890;  member  of  the  state 
house  of  representatives  1891-1893;  appointed 
World's  Fair  commissioner  in  1892-93;  elected 
to  the  state  senate  in  1895.;  United  States  marshal 
1897-1901;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Sixtieth 
Congress  (March  4,  1907-March  3,  1909);  resumed 
the  practice  of  medicine  in  Penrod,  Ky. 

James,  Amaziah  Bailey,  a  Representative 
from  New  York;  born  in  Stephentown,  Renselaer 
county,  N.  Y.,  July  1,  1812;  pursued  an  academic 
course;  moved  to  Sweden,  Monroe  county,  N.  Y., 
in  1814;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in 
1838,  and  commenced  practice  in  Ogdensburg; 
member  of  the  Peace  congress  in  Washington, 
D.  C.,  in  1861;  elected  a  justice  of  the  supreme 
court  in  1853,  and  resigned  in  1876;  elected  as  a 
Republican  to  the  Forty-fifth  and  Forty-sixth  Con- 
gresses (March  4,  1877-March  3,  1881);  died  in 
Ogdensburg,  N.  Y.,  July  6,  1883. 

James,  Charles  Tillinghast,  a  Senator  from 
Rhode  Island;  born  in  West  Greenwich,  R.  I., 
September  15,  1804;  attended  the  public  schools; 
became  a  carpenter,  and  superintended  the  con- 
struction of  several  cotton  mills  in  New  England; 
major  general  of  the  Rhode  Island  militia;  elected 
as  a  protective  tariff  Democrat  to  the  United 
States  Senate,  and  served  from  March  4,  1851,  to 
March  3,  1857;  invented  a  rifle  cannon,  and  lost 
his  life  in  conducting  an  experiment  in  Sag  Har- 
bor, N.  Y.,  October  17,  1862. 

James,  Darwin  Rush,  a  Representative  from 
New  York;  born  in  W'illiamsburg,  Mass.,  May  14, 
1834;  pursued  an  academic  course  in  the  Mount 
Pleasant  boarding  school,  Amherst,  Mass.;  removed 
with  parents  to  Williamsburg,  N.  Y.,  in  1847; 
entered  mercantile  business  in  New  York  in  1850, 
and  became  an  importer  of  indigo,  spices,  etc., 
from  the  East  Indies  in  1858;  secretary  of  the  New 
York  board  of  trade  and  transportation,  park  com- 
missioner of  Brooklyn  1876-1882;  elected  as  a 
Republican  to  the  Forty-eighth  and  Forty-ninth 
Congresses  (March  4, 1883-March  3,  1887);  declined 


a  renomination;  member  of  United  States  board 
of  Indian  commissioners  in  1890,  and  its  chair- 
man; member  of  New  York  canal  commission  in 
1898;  died  in  Brooklyn,  N.  Y.,  November  19,  1908. 

James,  Francis,  a  Representative  from  Penn- 
sylvania; born  in  Thornbury  township,  Chester 
county,  Pa.,  April  4,  1799;  attended  public  school 
and  Gauses's  academy;  studied  law,  was  admitted 
to  the  bar  of  Chester  county  in  1825,  and  practiced ; 
state  senator  1834-1836;  elected  as  a  Whig  to  the 
Twenty-sixth  and  Twenty-seventh  Congresses 
(March  4,  1839-March  3,  1841);  resumed  the  prac- 
tice of  law  in  West  Chester,  Pa.;  chief  burgess  in 
1850;  died  in  West  Chester,  Pa.,  January  4,  1886. 

James,  Ollie  Murray,  a  Representative  from 
Kentucky;  born  in  Crittenden  county,  Ky.,  July 
27, 1871;  attended  the  common  schools;  page  in  the 
Kentucky  legislature  1887;  studied  law  and  was 
admitted  to  the  bar  in  1891;  one  of  the  attorneys 
for  Gov.  Goebel  in  his  celebrated  contest  for  gov- 
ernor of  the  state  of  Kentucky;  delegate  in 
the  Democratic  national  conventions  in  Chicago, 
1896;  in  St.  Louis,  Mo.,  in  1904,  and  in  Denver 
Colo.,  in  1908;  served  as  chairman  of  the  state 
convention  in  Kentucky  in  1900;  elected  to  the 
Fifty-eighth  and  three  succeeding  Congresses 
(March  4,  1903-March  3,  1911).  Reelected  to  the 
Sixty-second  Congress.  Nominated  in  the  prima- 
ries and  elected  to  the  United  States  Senate  for 
the  term  beginning  March  4,  1913. 

Jameson,  John,  a  Representative  from  Mis- 
souri; born  in  Montgomery  county,  Ky.,  in  1800; 
attended  the  public  schools;  studied  law,  was  ad- 
mitted to  the  bar,  and  commenced  practice  in  Ful- 
ton, Mo.;  held  several  local  offices;  member  of  the 
Missouri  house  of  representatives  for  several  years 
and  served  one  year  as  speaker;  elected  as  a  Demo- 
ocrat  to  the  Twenty-sixth  Congress  (March  4,  1839- 
March  3,  1841);  reelected  to  the  Twenty-eighth 
Congress  (March  4,  1843-March  3,  1845),  and  to 
the  Thirtieth  Congress  (March  4,  1847-March  3, 
1849);  died  in  Fulton,  Mo.,  January  24,  1857. 

Jamieson,  William  D.,  a  Representative  from 
Iowa;  born  near  Wapello,  Louisa  county,  Iowa, 
November  9,  1873;  attended  the  common  schools 
and  the  University  of  Iowa;  became  a  newspaper 
publisher;  edited  and  published  the  Ida  Grove 
Pioneer;  later  the  Columbus  Junction  Gazette,  and 
still  later  the  Shenandoah  World;  elected  state 
senator  in  1907;  resigned  in  1909;  elected  as  a 
Democrat  to  the  Sixty-first  Congress  (March  4, 1909- 
March  3,  1911);  resumed  newspaper  work  in  Shen- 
andoah, Iowa. 

Janes,  Henry  Fisk,  a  Representative  from  Ver- 
mont; born  in  Brimfield,  Mass.,  October  10,  1792; 
moved  with  parents  to  Calais,  Vt.;  pursued  an 
academic  course;  served  in  the  war  of  1812,  and 
participated  in  the  battle  of  Platteburgh;  studied 
law  in  Montpelier,  Vt.,  was  admitted  to  the  bar, 
and  commenced  practice  in  Waterbury,  Vt.,  in 
1817;  postmaster  1820-1830;  member  of  the  state 
legislative  council  1830-1834;  elected  as  a  Whig 
and  Anti-Mason  to  the  Twenty-third  Congress,  to 
fill  vacancy  caused  by  the  death  of  Benjamin  F. 
Deming;  reelected  to  the  Twenty-fourth  Congress, 
and  served  from  December  2,  1834,  to  March  3, 
1837;  defeated  as  Anti-Masonic  candidate  for  the 
Twenty-fifth  Congress;  state  treasurer  1838-1841; 
member  of  the  state  council  of  censors  1848; 
elected  to  the  state  legislature  in  1855;  died  in 
Waterbury,  Vt.,  June  6,  1879. 


758 


CONGRESSIONAL   DIRECTORY. 


Jarnagin,  Spencer,  a  Senator  from  Tennessee; 
born  in  Granger  county,  Tenn.,  in  1792;  pursued 
classical  studies,  and  was  graduated  from  Green- 
ville college  in  1813;  studied  law,  was  admitted 
to  the  bar  in  1817,  and  commenced  practice  in 
Knoxville;  moved  to  Athens,  Tenn.,  in  1837 
and  continued  his  profession;  member  of  the  state 
senate  1833-1835;  a  Harrison  and  Tyler  elector  in 
1840;  Whig  nominee  for  United  States  Senator  in 
1841;  elected  as  a  Whig  to  the  United  States  Sen- 
ate, and  served  from  March  4,  1843,  to  March  3, 
1847;  defeated  as  the  Whig  candidate  for  reelec- 
tion, and  for  member  of  the  supreme  court  of 
Tennessee;  moved  to  Memphis  and  continued  in 
the  practice  of  law;  trustee  of  the  East  Tennessee 
college  1836-1851;  died  in  Memphis,  Tenn.,  June 
24,  1851. 

Jaryis,  Leonard,  a  Representative  from  Maine; 
born  in  Boston,  Mass.,  October  19,  1781;  was 
graduated  from  Harvard  university  in  1800; 
located  in  Surry,  Me. ;  sheriff  of  Hancock  county, 
Me.,  1821-1829;  collector  of  customs  for  the  Penob- 
ecot  district  1829-1831;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to 
the  Twenty-first,  and  to  the  three  succeeding 
Congresses  (March  4,  1829-March  3,  1837);  navy 
agent,  port  of  Boston,  1838-1841;  returned  to 
Surry,  Me.,  where  he  died  September  18,  1854. 

Jarvis,  Thomas  Jordan,  a  Senator  from  North 
Carolina;  born  in  Jarvisburg,  Currituck  county, 
N.  C.,  January  18,  1836;  was  graduated  from 
Randolph-Macon  college,  Virginia,  in  1860;  en- 
listed in  the  Confederate  army;  permanently  dis- 
abled in  right  arm  in  1864;  member  of  state  con- 
stitutional convention  in  1865;  moved  to  the 
county  of  Tyrrell  in  1866;  studied  law  and  was  ad- 
mitted to  the  bar;  member  of  the  state  house  of 
representatives  in  1868  and  1870,  and  chosen  its 
speaker  in  1870;  moved  to  Greenville,  N.  C.,  in 
1872;  member  of  the  state  constitutional  conven- 
tion of  1875;  elected  lieutenant  governor  in  1876; 
became  governor  February  5,  1879,  by  the  resigna- 
tion of  Zebulon  B.  Vance,  and  was  elected  gov- 
ernor for  a  full  term  in  1880,  and  thus  served  six 
consecutive  years;  United  States  minister  to  Brazil 
1885-1889;  appointed  to  the  United  States  Senate, 
to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  the  death  of  Zebulon  B. 
Vance,  and  served  from  April  19,  1894,  until 
January  23,  1895;  delegate  in  the  Democratic 
National  convention  of  1896;  trustee  of  the  Uni- 
versity of  North  Carolina;  a  practicing  attorney 
of  Greenville,  N.  C. 

Jay,  John,  a  Delegate  from  New  York;  born  in 
New  York  City,  December  12,  1745;  attended  a 
boarding  school  in  New  Rochelle,  N.  Y.,  and  was 
graduated  from  Columbia  college  in  1764;  studied 
law  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1768;  member 
of  the  New  York  committee  of  correspondence; 
Delegate  from  New  York  to  the  Continental  Con- 
gress 1774-1777,  and  1778-1779;  recalled  some 
'  months  in  1776  to  aid  in  forming  the  New  York 
state  constitution;  absent  when  the  Declaration 
of  Independence  was  adopted,  but  it  was  upon 
his  motion,  as  a  member  of  the  White  Plains  Con- 
vention of  July  9,  1776,  that  the  convention  unani- 
mously approved  it;  appointed  chief  justice  of 
the  state  of  New  York  in  May,  1777,  but  resigned 
December,  1778,  to  become  president  of  Congress; 
appointed  minister  plenipotentiary  to  Spain  ^Sep- 
tember 27,  1779;  appointed  one  of  the  ministers 
to  negotiate  peace  with  Great  Britain,  June  14, 
1781,  and  signed  the  treaty  of  Paris;  appointed 
one  of  the  ministers  to  negotiate  treaties  with  the 
European  powers  May  1,  1783;  returned  to  New 


York  in  1784;  appointed  secretary  of  foreign  affairs 
July,  1784;  appointed  the  first  cnief  justice  of  the 
supreme  court  of  the  United  States  by  President 
Washington,  September  24,  1789,  and  served  until 
December  10,  1795;  defeated  as  the  Federal  can- 
didate for  governor  of  New  York  in  1792  by  George 
Clinton,  Democrat;  appointed  envoy  extraordinary 
to  Great  Britain  April  19,  1794;  served  until  April 
8,  1795;  governor  of  New  York  1795-1801;  declined 
reelection,  and  also  a  reappointment  as  chief 
justice  of  the  supreme  court  of  the  United  States; 
retired  to  his  farm  at  Bedford,  near  New  York 
City,  where  he  died  May  17,  1829. 

Jayne,  William,  a  Delegate  from  Dakota  Terri- 
tory; born  in  Springfield,  111.,  October  8,  1826; 
completed  preparatory  studies;  studied  medicine 
and  practiced  in  Springfield  eleven  years;  mayor 
of  Springfield  1859-1861;  appointed  governor  of 
Dakota  territory  by  President  Lincoln  in  1861, 
and  served  two  years,  with  residence  in  Yankton; 
presented  credentials  as  the  Delegate-elect  to  the 
Thirty-eighth  Congress,  and  served  from  March  4, 
1863,  to  June  17,  1864,  when  he  was  succeeded  by 
John  B.  S.  Todd,  who  contested  his  election; 
returned  to  Springfield,  111.;  president  of  the  Lin- 
coln memorial  library;  president  of  the  state  board 
of  charities  under  Govs.  Yates  and  Deneen 

Jefferson,*  Thomas,  a  Delegate  from  Virginia; 
born  in  Shad  well,  Va.;  April  2,  1743;  attended  a 
preparatory  school  conducted  by  the  Rev.  Mr. 
Maury,  and  was  graduated  from  William  and  Mary 
college  in  1762;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the 
bar,  and  commenced  practice  in  1767;  member  of 
the  colonial  house  of  burgesses  1769-1774;  promi- 
nent in  pre-Revolutionary  movements;  Delegate 
in  the  Continental  Congress  1775-1776;  chairman 
of  the  committee  that  drew  the  Declaration  of  Inde- 

Sjndence;  made  and  presented  the  first  draft  of  the 
eclaration  that  was  submitted  to  the  Congress 
July  2,  1776;  signed  the  Declaration  of  Independ- 
ence August  2,  1776;  resigned  soon  after  and  re- 
turned to  Monticello;  governor  of  Virginia  1779- 
1781;  member  of  the  state  house  of  representatives 
in  1782;  again  Delegate  in  the  Continental  Congress 
1782-1785,  appointed  a  minister  plenipotentiary  to 
France  May  7,  1784,  and  then  Sole  minister  to  the 
King  of  France  for  three  years  from  March  10,  1785; 
appointed  Secretary  of  State  of  the  United  States 
September  26,  1 789,  and  served  until  December  3, 
1793;  elected  Vice  President  of  the  United  States, 
and  served  from  March  4,  1797,  to  March  3,  1801; 
elected  President  of  the  United  States  in  1801  by 
the  House  of  Representatives  on  the  thirty-sixth 
ballot;  reelected  in  1805,  and  served  from  March  4, 
1801,  to  March  3,  1809;  retired  to  his  estate,  Monti- 
cello;  active  in  founding  the  University  of  Vir- 
ginia; died  at  Monticello,  Albemarle  county,  Va., 
July  4,  1826. 

Jeffords,  Elza,  a  Representative  from  Missis- 
sippi; born  near  Ironton,  Lawrence  county,  Ohio, 
May  23,  1826;  attended  common  schools  in  Ports- 
mouth, Ohio;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar, 
and  commenced  practice  in  Portsmouth,  Ohio,  in 
1847;  served  in  the  army  of  the  Tennessee  from 
June,  1862,  to  December,  1863,  as  clerk  in  the  quar- 
termaster's department,  land  transportation;  judge 
of  the  high  court  of  errors  and  appeals  in  Mississippi 
1868-1869;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Forty- 
eighth  Congress  (March  4,  1883-March  3,  1885); 
died  in  Vicksburg,  Miss.,  March  19,  1885. 

Jenckes,  Thomas  Allen,  a  Representative  from 
Rhode  Island;  born  in  Cumberland,  R.  I.,  Novem- 


BIOGRAPHIES. 


759 


her  2,  1818;  was  graduated  from  Brown  university 
in  ]838;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in 
1840,  and  commenced  practice  in  Providence,  R.  I., 
clerk  in  the  state  legislature  1840-1844;  secretary 
of  the  state  conotitutional  convention  of  1842;  adju- 
tant general  1845-1855;  member  of  the  state  house 
of  representatives;  elected  to  the  state  senate;  com- 
missioner to  revise  the  laws  of  the  state  in  1855; 
elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Thirty-eighth,  and 
to  the  three  succeeding  Congresses  (March  4,  1863- 
March  3,  1871);  defeated  as  a  Republican  candidate 
to  the  Forty-second  Congress;  died  in  Cumber knd, 
R.  I.,  November  4,  1875. 

Jenifer,  Daniel,  a  Delegate  from  Maryland; 
born  in  Charles  county,  Md.,  in  1723;  active  in  pre- 
Revolutionary  movements;  member  of  the  gov- 
ernor's council  in  1773;  member  and  president  of 
the  committee  of  safety  in  1776;  Delegate  in  the 
Continental  Congress  1778-1782,  and  also  to  the 
convention  that  framed  the  Federal  constitution, 
and  a  signer  of  the  instrument,  September  17,  1778; 
president  of  the  state  senate  in  1779;  defeated  for 
governor  in  1782;  died  in  Charles  county,  Md., 
November  6,  1790. 

Jenifer,  Daniel,  a  Representative  from  Mary- 
land; born  in  Charles  county,  Md.,  April  15,  1791; 
completed  preparatory  studies;  served  as  a  state 
legislator  and  a  local  magistrate;  elected  as  a  Whig 
to  the  Twenty-second  Congress  (March  4,  1831- 
March  3,  1833);  defeated  for  the  Twenty-third  Con- 
gress; reelected  to  the  Twenty-fourth,  Twenty- 
fifth,  and  Twenty-sixth  Congresses  (March  4,  1835- 
March  3,  1841);  minister  to  Austria  August  27, 1841, 
to  July  7,  1845;  register  of  wills  for  Charles  county 
1846-1851;  died  in  Mulberry  Grove,  near  Port 
Tobacco,  Md.,  December  18,  1855. 

Jenkins,  Albert  Gallatin,  a  Representative 
from  Virginia;  born  in  Cabell  county,  Va.,  Novem- 
ber 10,  1830;  attended  the  Virginia  military  insti- 
tute in  Lexington,  Va.,  and  was  graduated  from 
Jefferson  college  in  1848,  and  from  the  Harvard  law 
school  in  1850;  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1850,  but 
followed  agricultural  pursuits;  delegate  in  the 
Democratic  national  convention  in  Cincinnati, 
Ohio,  1856;  elected  to  the  Thirty-fifth  and  Thirty- 
sixth  Congresses  (March  4,  1857-March  3,  1861); 
delegate  in  the  Confederate  provisional  congress  in 
1861;  enlisted  in  the  Confederate  service;  appointed 
brigadier  general  August  1,  1862;  killed  in  the 
battle  of  Cloyd's  Mountain,  near  Dublin,  Va.,  Mav 
9,  1864. 

Jenkins,  John  James,  a  Representative  from 
Wisconsin;  born  in  Wey mouth,  England,  August 
24,  1843;  attended  common  schools;  came  with 
parents  to  the  United  States  and  settled  in  Baraboo, 
Wis.,  in  June,  1852;  again  attended  the  common 
schools;  served  in  the  Civil  war  as  a  member  of 
company  A,  sixth  ^yisconsin  volunteers,  1861- 
1865;  clerk  of  the  circuit  court  of  Sauk  county,  1867- 
1870;  moved  to  Chippewa  Falls,  Wis.,  in  1870; 
studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  prac- 
ticed; city  clerk  and  city  attorney  of  Chippewa 
Falls;  member  of  the  assembly,  1872;  county  judge 
of  Chippewa  county  1872-1876;  appointed  United 
States  attorney  of  the  territory  of  Wyoming  in 
March,  1876,  and  served  until  1880,  when  he 
returned  to  Chippewa  Falls,  Wis.,  and  resumed  the 
practice  of  law;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the 
Fifty-fourth,  and  to  the  six  succeeding  Congresses 
(March  4,  1895-March  3,  1909);  appointed  judge  of 
Porto  Rico  by  President  Taft  in  May,  1910,  and 


served  until  his  death  in  Chippewa  Falls    Wis 
June  83  1911. 

Jenkins,  Lemuel,  a  Representative  from  New 
York;  born  in  Bloomingburg,  N.  Y.,  in  1793;  com- 
pleted preparatory  studies;  studied  law,  was  ad- 
mitted to  the  Sullivan  county  bar  in  October,  1815, 
and  practiced  in  Bloomingburg,  N.  Y.;  appointed 
a  master  in  chancery;  the  first  district  attorney  of 
Sullivan  county,  June,  1818-March,  1819;  elected 
to  the  Eighteenth  Congress  (March  4,  1823-March 
3,  1825) ;  removed  to  Albany,  N.  Y.,  and  practiced 
law,  and  died  there. 

Jenkins,  Robert,  a  Representative  from  Penn- 
sylvania; born  in  Windsor  Forges,  Lancaster  county 
Pa.,  July  10,  1769;  attended  the  common  schools, 
and  the  select  school  of  Dr.  Robert  Smith,  of 
Pequea;  was  an  ironmaster  in  Caernarvon  town- 
ship; elected  to  the  state  legislature  in  1804  and 
1805;  elected  to  the  Tenth  and  Eleventh  Congresses 
(March  4,  1807-March  3,  1811);  member  of  a  group 
of  horse,  and  took  an  active  part  in  suppressing  the 
whisky  insurrection  in  Pennsylvania;  died  in 
Windsor  Forges,  Pa.,  April  18,  1848. 

Jenkins,  Timothy,  a  Representative  from  New 
York;  born  in  Barre,  Mass.,  January  29,  1799;  lo- 
cated in  Washington  county,  N.  Y.,  in  1817;  pur- 
sued an  academic  course;  studied  law,  was  ad- 
mitted to  the  bar  in  1825,  and  commenced  practice 
in  Oneida  Castle,  N.  Y.;  moved  to  Vernon,  N.  Y., 
in  1832;  district  attorney  for  Oneida  county  1840- 
1845;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Twenty-ninth 
and  Thirtieth  Congresses  (March  4,  1845-March  3, 
1849);  defeated  for  the  Thirty-first  Congress;  re- 
elected  to  the  Thirty-second  Congress  (March  4 
1851-March  3,  1853);  defeated  for  the  Thirty-third 
Congress;  delegate  to  the  Republican  national  con- 
vention in  1856,  and  was  thereafter  a  Republican; 
died  in  Martinsburg,  N.  Y.,  December  24,  1859; 
interment  in  Oneida  county,  N.  Y. 

Jenks,  George  Augustus,  a  Representative 
from  Pennsylvania;  born  in  Punxsutawney,  Pa., 
March  26,  1836;  learned  the  carpenter's  trade- 
taught  school;  was  graduated  from  Jefferson  college,' 
Pa.,  in  1858;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar 
in  1859,  and  commenced  practice  in  Brookville; 
elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Forty-fourth  Congress 
(March  4,  1875-March  3,  1877);  defeated  as  the 
Democratic  candidate  for  the  state  supreme  bench 
in  1880;  United  States  assistant  secretary  of  the 
interior  1885-1886;  solicitor  general  of  the  United 
States  1886-1889;  unsuccessful  Democratic  candi- 
date for  governor  of  Pennsylvania  in  1898;  Demo- 
cratic candidate  for  United  States  Senator  in  the 
joint  legislative  convention  of  1899;  died  in  Brook- 
ville, Pa.,  February  10,  1908. 

Jenks,  Michael  Hutchinson,  a  Representative 
from  Pennsylvania;  born  in  Bridgetown  Mills,  near 
Middletown,  Pa.,  May  21,  1795;  pursued  an  aca- 
demic course;  engaged  in  agricultural  pursuits; 
commissioner  of  Bucks  county  1830-1833;  treasurer 
1833-1835;  moved  to  Newtown,  Pa.,  in  1837;  asso- 
ciate judge  of  the  court  of  common  pleas  of  Bucks 
county  1838-1843;  elected  to  the  Twenty-eighth 
Congress  (March  4,  1843-March  3,  1845);  defeated 
for  the  Twenty-ninth  Congress;  chief  burgess  of 
Newtown  for  many  years;  died  in  Newtown,  Pa 
October  16,  1867. 

Jenness,  Benning  Wentworth,  a  Senator  from 
New  Hampshire;  born  in  Deerfield,  N.  H.,  July  14, 
1806;  attended  Bradford  academy,  Mass;  engaged 


760 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIEECTORY. 


in  mercantile  pursuits  in  Straff ord,  N.  H.,  1826- 
1856;  held  several  local  offices;  member  of  the  state 
house  of  representatives;  judge  of  probate  of  Straf- 
ford  county  1841-1845;  appointed  to  the  United 
States  Senate,  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  the  resig- 
nation of  Levi  Woodbury,  and  served  from  Novem- 
ber 12, 1845,  to  June  13, 1846;  defeated  as  the  Demo- 
cratic candidate  for  Congress  in  1846;  member  of 
state  constitutional  convention  of  1850;  delegate  in 
the  Democratic  national  convention  of  1852 ;  nomi- 
nated for  governor  of  New  Hampshire,  but  with- 
drew in  favor  of  Gen.  George  Starke  in  1861;  moved 
to  Ohio  and  engaged  in  lumbering  and  banking; 
died  in  Cleveland,  Ohio,  November  16,  1879. 

Jennings,  David,  a  Representative  from  Ohio; 
born  in  Readington  township,  Hunterdon  county, 
N.  J.,  in  1787;  attended  the  public  schools;  moved 
to  St.  Clairsville,  Ohio,  in  1812;  studied  law,  was 
admitted  to  the  bar  in  1813,  and  practiced  in  St. 
Clairsville;  held  several  local  offices;  member  of  the 
state  senate  1819  and  1825;  prosecuting  attorney  of 
Belmont  county  1815-1825;  elected  to  the  Nine- 
teenth Congress,  and  served  from  March  4,  1825, 
until  his  resignation,  May  25,  1826;  died  in  Balti- 
more, Md.,  in  1834. 

Jennings,  Jonathan,  a  Delegate  from  Indiana 
territory,  and  a  Representative  from  Indiana; 
born  in  Hunterdon  county,  N.  J.,  in  1784;  went 
with  parents  to  Fayette  county,  Pa.,  where  he  pur- 
sued an  academic  course;  went  to  Indiana  terri- 
tory, and  became  clerk  of  the  territorial  legislature; 
elected  the  first  Delegate  from  Indiana  territory  to 
the  Eleventh  Congress;  reelected  to  the  Twelfth, 
Thirteenth,  and  Fourteenth  Congresses,  and  served 
from  November  27,  1809,  to  March  3,  1817;  elected 
governor  of  Indiana  in  December,  1816,  and  served 
until  1822;  appointed  Indian  commissioner  in  1818; 
elected  to  the  Seventeenth  Congress,  to  fill  vacancy 
caused  by  the  resignation  of  William  Hendricks; 
reelected  to  the  Eighteenth,  Nineteenth,  Twen- 
tieth, and  Twenty-first  Congresses,  and  served  from 
December  2,  1822,  to  March  3,  1831;  died  near 
Charlestown,  Ind.,  July  26,  1834. 

Jett,  Thomas  Marion,  a  Representative  from 
Illinois;  born  in  Bond  county,  111.,  May  1,  1862; 
attended  the  common  schools  and  the  Northern 
Indiana  normal  school,  Valparaiso,  Ind.,  for  two 
years;  taught  school  in  Bond  and  Montgomery 
counties,  111.;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the 
bar  in  1887,  and  practiced  in  Hillsboro,  111.;  elected 
state  attorney  of  Montgomery  county,  111.,  in  1889, 
and  served  eight  years;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to 
the  Fifty-fifth,  Fifty-sixth,  and  Fifty-seventh 
Congresses  (March  4,  1897-March  3,  1903);  resumed 
the  practice  of  law  in  Hillsboro,  111.;  elected  cir- 
cuit judge. 

Jewett,  Daniel  Tarbox,  a  Senator  from  Mis- 
souri; born  in  Pittsfield,  Me.,  September  14,  1807; 
completed  preparatory  studies;  was  graduated 
from  the  Harvard  law  school,  admitted  to  the 
Maine  bar,  and  practiced  in  Bangor,  Me. ;  city  solic- 
itor of  Bangor  1834-1837;  engaged  with  his  brother, 
Albert  G.  Jewett,  in  operating  a  steamboat  line 
upon  the  Chagres  river,  Isthmus  of  Panama,  1850- 
1853;  went  to  California  and  engaged  in  gold- 
mining  for  two  years;  returned  to  Bangor,  Me.,  and 
practiced  law  until  1857;  moved  to  St.  Louis,  Mo., 
in  1857,  and  continued  in  practice;  one  of  the  organ- 
izers of  the  Republican  party  in  Missouri ;  member 
of  the  state  legislature  in  1866;  appointed  as  a 
Republican  to  the  United  States  Senate,  to  fill 
vacancy  caused  by  the  resignation  of  Charles  D. 


Drake,  and  served  from  December  19,  1870,  until 
January  20,  1871;  resumed  law  practice;  died  in 
St.  Louis,  Mo.,  October  7,  1907. 

Jewett,  Freeborn  Garrettson,  a  Represent- 
ative from  New  York;  born  in  Sharon,  Conn., 
in  1791;  pursued  an  academic  course;  moved  to 
Skaneateles,  N.  Y.,  in  1815;  studied  law,  was  ad- 
mitted to  the  bar  in  1818,  and  commenced  practice 
in  Skaneateles;  surrogate  of  Onondaga  county  1824- 
1831;  member  of  the  state  house  of  representatives 
in  1826;  presidential  elector  in  1828;  elected  as  a 
Jackson  Democrat  to  the  Twenty-second  Congress 
(March  4,  1831-March  3,  1833);  inspector  of 
Auburn  prison  1838-1839;  appointed  a  puisne 
justice  of  the  supreme  court  March  5,  1845;  elected 
judge  of  the  court  of  appeals  in  1847;  reelected 
in  1849,  and  resigned  in  June,  1853,  on  account  of 
ill-health;  served  as  chief  justice  1847-1850;  died 
in  Skaneateles,  N.  Y.,  January  27,  1858. 

Jewett,  Hugh  Judge,  a  Representative  from 
Ohio,  was  born  in  Deer  Creek,  Md.,  July  1,  1817; 
completed  preparatory  studies,  and  attended 
Hiram  college,  Ohio;  studied  law  in  Cecil  county, 
Md.,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced 

Sractice  in  Clairsville,  and  later  in  Columbus, 
hio;  removed  to  Zanesville,  Ohio,  in  1848;  presi- 
dent branch  state  bank  in  1852;  Democratic  presi- 
dential elector  in  1852;  United  States  attorney 
southern  district  of  Ohio  1854;  president  Central 
Ohio  railroad  company  in  1857;  organized  the 
Pittsburgh,  Cincinnati  &  St.  Louis  railroad  com- 
pany; one  of  the  organizers  of  the  Pennsylvania 
railroad;  defeated  as  Democratic  candidate  for 
governor  of  Ohio  in  1861,  and  for  United  States 
Senator  in  1863;  general  counsel  of  the  Pennsyl- 
vania railway  system  in  1871;  elected  as  a  Demo- 
crat to  the  Forty-third  Congress,  and  served  from 
March  4,  1873,  until  June  23,  1874,  when  he  re- 
signed to  become  president  of  the  Erie  railroad 
company;  died  in  Augusta,  Ga.,  March  6,  1898. 

Jewett,  Joshua  Henry,  a  Representative 
from  Kentucky;  born  in  Deer  Creek,  Harford 
county,  Md.,  September  13,  1812;  attended  the 
public  schools;  studied  law  and  was  admitted  to 
the  bar;  commenced  practice  in  Elizabethtown, 
Ky.;  county  prosecuting  attorney;  elected  as  a 
Democrat  to  the  Thirty-fourth  and  Thirty-fifth 
Congresses  (March  4,  1855-March  3,  1859);  died  in 
Elizabethtown,  Ky.,  July  14,  1867. 

Jewett,  Luther,  a  Representative  from  Ver- 
mont; born  in  Canterbury,  Conn.,  December  24, 
1772;  was  graduated  from  Dartmouth  college  in 
1795;  studied  medicine  and  began  practice  in  Put- 
ney, Vt. ;  member  of  the  state  house  of  represent- 
atives; elected  as  a  Federalist  to  the  Fourteenth 
Congress  (March  4,  1815-March  3,  1817);  moved  to 
St.  Johnsbury;  studied  theology,  and  was  pastor 
in  Newbury,  Vt.,  1821-1828;  returned  to  St. 
Johnsbury  and  published  the  Farmer's  Herald 
1828-1832  and  the  Free  Mason's  Friend  1830-1832; 
died  in  St.  Johnsbury,  Vt.,  March  8,  1860. 

Johns,  Kensey,  jr.,  a  Representative  from 
Delaware;  born  in  New  Castle,  Del.,  December  10, 
1791;  pursued  classical  studies  and  was  graduated 
from  Princeton  college  in  1810;  studied  law,  was 
admitted  to  the  bar  in  1813,  and  commenced  prac- 
tice in  New  Castle;  elected  to  the  Twentieth  and 
Twenty-first  Congresses  (March  4,  1827-March  3, 
1831);  appointed  chancellor  of  Delaware  in  1832, 
and  served  until  his  death,  in  New  Castle,  Del.. 
March  28,  1857. 


BIOGRAPHIES. 


761 


Johnson,  Adna  Romulus,  a  Representative 
from  Ohio;  born  in  Sweet  Springs,  Mo.,  December 
14,  1860;  moved  with  his  mother  to  Lawrence 
county,  Ohio,  in  1864;  attended  the  common 
schools  and  taught  school  seven  years;  studied  law, 
and  was  graduated  from  the  law  department  of  the 
University  of  Michigan  June  30, 1887 ;  was  admitted 
to  the  Ohio  bar,  and  practiced  in  Ironton;  elected 
prosecuting  attorney  of  Lawrence  county  in  1889; 
elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Sixty-first  Congress 
(March  4,  1909-March  3,  1911);  resumed  the  prac- 
tice of  law  in  Ironton,  Ohio. 

Johnson,  Andrew,  a  Representative  and  a  Sen- 
ator from  Tennessee;  born  in  Raleigh,  N.  C., 
December  29,  1808;  received  a  limited  schooling; 
at  the  age  of  10  apprenticed  to  a  tailor;  ran  away 
and  worked  as  a  tailor  in  Laurens  Court  House, 
S.  C.,  until  1825;  returned  and  endeavored  to 
make  settlement  with  his  former  employer;  moved 
to  Greene  ville,Tenn.,  September,  1825,  where  he  re- 
ceived instruction  in  elementary  English  branches 
from  the  young  woman  he  married  May  27,  1826; 
organized  in  1828  a  workingman's  party;  elected 
alderman  for  three  years;  mayor  of  Greeneville 
1830-1833;  member  of  the  state  house  of  rep- 
resentatives 1835-1839;  defeated  as  a  presidential 
elector  on  the  Van  Buren  ticket  in  1840;  state 
senator  in  1841;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the 
Twenty-eighth  and  to  the  four  succeeding  Con- 
gresses (March  4,  1843-March  3,  1853);  governor 
of  Tennessee  1853-1857;  elected  to  the  United 
States  Senate,  and  served  from  October  8,  1857,  to 
March  4,  1862,  when  he  resigned;  appointed  by 
President  Lincoln  military  governor  of  Tennessee, 
with  the  rank  of  brigadier  general  of  volunteers, 
March  4, 1862;  elected  Vice  President  of  the  United 
States  on  the  Republican  ticket  in  1864;  became 
President  of  the  United  States  April  15,  1865,  on 
the  death  of  Abraham  Lincoln;  precipitated  a  wide 
breach  between  himself  and  the  Republican  Con- 
gress by  numerous  vetoes,  and  rapid  changes  in 
the  cabinet  followed;  a  resolution  for  his  impeach- 
ment passed  the  House  of  Representatives  Feb- 
ruary 24,  1868,  and  eleven  articles  were  set  out; 
the  trial  lasted  three  months,  and  at  its  conclusion 
he  was  acquitted  (May  16, 1868)  by  a  vote  of  thirty- 
five  for  conviction  to  nineteen  for  acquittal,  only 
one  vote  lacking  to  make  the  necessary  two-thirds 
for  conviction;  retired  to  his  home  in  Tennessee 
upon  the  expiration  of  the  presidential  term, 
March  3,  1869;  defeated  as  a  candidate  for  the 
United  States  Senate  before  the  legislature  in  1870; 
defeated  as  an  independent  candidate  for  the 
Forty -third  Congress;  reelected  to  the  United 
States  Senate  and  served  from  March  4,  1875,  until 
his  death  at  the  home  of  his  daughter  in  Carters 
Station,  Carter  county,  Tenn.,  July  31,  1875. 

Johnson,  Ben,  a  Representative  from  Ken- 
tucky; born  near  Bardstown,  Nelson  county,  Ky., 
May  20,  1858;  was  graduated  from  St.  Mary's  col- 
lege, Marion  county,  Ky.,  in  June,  1878,  and  from 
the  Louisville  law  university  in  1882;  was  ad- 
mitted to  the  bar,  and  practiced  in  Bardstown; 
member  of  the  state  house  of  representatives  in 
1885  and  1887,  and  was  elected  speaker  in  Decem- 
ber, 1897;  appointed  collector  of  internal  revenue 
for  the  fifth  Kentucky  district  in  July,  1893,  and 
served  four  years;  elected  to  the  state  senate  1905, 
but  resigned  November  5,  1906;  elected  as  a  Demo- 
crat to  the  Sixtieth  and  Sixty-first  Congresses 
(March  4,  1907-March  3,  1911).  Reelected  to  the 
Sixty-second  Congress. 


Johnson,  Cave,  a  Representative  from  Tennes- 
see; born  in  Robertson  county,  Tenn.,  January  11, 
1793;  pursued  an  academic  course,  and  attended 
Cumberland  college,  Tennessee;  studied  law,  was 
admitted  to  the  bar,  and  began  practice  in  Clarks- 
ville,  Tenn.;  prosecuting  attorney  in  1817;  elected 
as  a  Democrat  to  the  Twenty-first  and  to  the  three 
succeeding  Congresses  (March  4,  1829-March  3, 
1837);  defeated  for  the  Twenty-fifth  Congress;  re- 
elected  to  the  Twenty-sixth,  Twenty-seventh,  and 
Twenty-eighth  Congresses  (March  4,  1839-March 
3,  1845);  appointed  Postmaster  General  of  the 
United  States,  and  served  from  March  5,  1845,  to 
March  5,  1849;  judge  of  the  circuit  court  in  1853; 
elected  to  the  state  senate  during  the  Civil  "war  as 
a  Unionist,  but  declined  to  serve;  died  in  Clarks- 
ville,  Tenn.,  November  23,  1866. 

Johnson,  Charles,  a  Representative  from  North 
Carolina;  native  of  Chowan  county,  N.  C.;  pur- 
sued an  academic  course;  elected  to  the  state  sen- 
ate 1781-1784,  1788,  1790-1792;  elected  to  the 
Seventh  Congress,  and  served  from  March  4,  1801, 
until  his  death  in  Chowan  county,  N.  C.,  in  1802. 

Johnson,  Francis,  a  Representative  from  Ken- 
tucky; born  in  Caroline  county,  Va.,  June  19,  1776; 
studied  law  and  was  admitted  to  practice;  moved 
to  Woodford  county,  Ky.,  in  1796,  and  to  Bowling 
Green,  Ky.,  in  1807;  member  state  house  of  repre- 
sentatives for  twelve  years ;  elected  as  an  Adams 
Republican  to  the  Sixteenth  Congress,  to  fill 
vacancy  caused  by  the  death  of  David  Walker; 
reelected  to  the  Seventeenth,  Eighteenth,  and 
Nineteenth  Congresses,  and  served  from  Novem- 
ber 13,  1820,  to  March  3,  1827;  moved  to  Louis- 
ville, Ky.,  in  1829,  and  practiced  law;  wasdefeated 
as  the  Republican  candidate  for  governor;  died  in 
Louisville,  Ky.,  May  16,  1842. 

Johnson,  Frederick  Avery,  a  Representative 
from  New  York;  born  in  Glens  Falls,  Warren 
county,  N.  Y.,  January  2,  1833;  attended  the  com- 
mon schools  and  was  graduated  from  the  Glens 
Falls  academy;  engaged  in  banking  and  in  the  wool 
business  in  New  York  City,  and  in  banking  in 
Glens  Falls;  president  of  the  village  of  Glens  P'alls; 
elected  to  the  Forty-eighth  and  Forty-ninth  Con- 
gresses (March  4,  1883-March  3,  1887);  executor 
of  several  large  estates;  died  near  Glens  Falls, 
N.  Y.,  July  29,  1893. 

Johnson,  Grove  Lawrence,  a  Representative 
from  California;  born  in  Syracuse,  N.  Y.,  March  27, 
1841;  studied  law  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar 
April  3,  1862;  school  commissioner  of  Syracuse  in 
March,  1862;  in  1863  moved  to  the  Pacific  coast; 
located  in  Sacramento,  Cal.,  in  December,  1865; 
swamp-land  clerk  of  Sacramento  county  from 
1866  to  1873;  member  of  the  California  assembly  in 
1878-1879;  elected  to  the  state  senate  in  1880, 1881, 
and  1882;  commenced  the  practice  of  law  in  Sac- 
ramento May  1,  1874;  delegate  in  the  Republican 
state  conventions  of  1888,  1892,  and  1894;  elected 
as  a  Republican  to  the  Fifty-fourth  Congress 
(March  4,  1895-March  3,  1897);  resumed  the  prac- 
tice of  law  in  Sacramento,  Cal. 

Johnson,  Harvey  H.,  a  Representative  from 
Ohio;  native  of  Vermont;  attended  the  public 
schools;  moved  to  Ashland,  Ohio;  elected  as  a 
Democrat  to  the  Thirty-third  Congress  (March  4, 
1853-March  3, 1855);  defeated  for  the  Thirty-fourth 
Congress. 


762 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTOEY. 


Johnson,  Henry,  a  Representative  and  a  Sen- 
ator from  Louisiana;  born  in  Tennessee  September 
14,  1783;  pursued  an  academic  course;  moved  to 
Louisiana;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar, 
and  commenced  practice  in  Bringiers;  clerk  of  the 
territorial  court  in  1809;  judge  of  the  parish  court 
in  1811;  delegate  in  the  state  constitutional  con- 
vention in  1812;  elected  to  the  United  States  Sen- 
ate, to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  the  death  of  William 
C.  C.  Claiborne;  reelected  in  1818  and  served  from 
January  12, 1818,  to  May  27, 1824,  when  he  resigned; 
defeated  for  the  United  States  Senate  in  1829; 
elected  as  a  Whig  to  the  Twenty-third  Congress,  to 
fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  Edward  D. 
White;  reelected  to  the  Twenty-fourth  and 
Twenty-fifth  Congresses,  and  served  from  Decem- 
ber 1,  1834,  to  March  3,  1839;  defeated  as  the  Whig 
candidate  for  governor  in  1842 ;  again  elected  to  the 
United  States  Senate,  to  fill  vacancy  in  term  begin- 
ning March  4, 1843,  caused  by  the  failure  of  Alex- 
ander Porter  to  qualify,  and  after  the  death  of  Mr. 
Porter  (January  13,  1844),  served  from  Febru- 
ary 12, 1844,  to  March  3, 1849;  moved  to  New  River, 
La.,  and  practiced  law;  defeated  for  the  Thirty- 
first  Congress;  died  in  Pointe  Coupee,  La.,  Sep- 
tember 4,  1864. 

Johnson,  Henry  Underwood,  a  Representa- 
tive from  Indiana;  born  in  Cambridge  City,  Wayne 
county,  Ind.,  October  28,  1850;  attended  the  Cen- 
terville  collegiate  institute  and  Earlham  college; 
located  in  Wayne  county;  studied  law,  was  admit- 
ted to  the  Wayne  county  bar  in  February,  1872,  and 
engaged  in  practice  in  Richmond,  Ind.;  prosecut- 
ing attorney  of  Wayne  county  1876-1880;  state  sen- 
ator 1887-1889;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the 
Fifty-second ,  and  to  the  three  succeeding  Congresses 
(March  4,  1891-March  3,  1899);  resumed  the  prac- 
tice of  law  in  Richmond,  Ind. 

Johnson,  Herschel  Vespasian,  a  Senator  from 
Georgia ;  born  in  Burke  county,  Ga. ,  September  18, 
1812;  was  graduated  from  Franklin  college  in  1834; 
studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  practiced 
in  Augusta,  Ga.,  1834-1839;  moved  to  Jefferson 
county  in  1839,  and  to  Milledgeville  in  1844;  de- 
clined to  become  a  candidate  for  the  Twenty- 
seventh  Congress,  and  was  defeated  as  the  Demo- 
cratic candidate  for  the  Twenty-eighth  Congress; 
was  a  Polk  presidential  elector  in  1815;  appointed 
as  a  Democrat  to  the  United  States  Senate,  to  fill 
vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  W'alter  T.  Col- 
quitt,  and  served  from  February  4,  1848,  to  March 
3,  1849;  delegate  in  the  Democratic  national  con- 
ventions of  1848,  1852,  and  1856;  Pierce  and  King 
elector  in  1851 ;  judge  of  the  superior  court  Novem- 
ber, 1849,  to  August,  1853;  governor  of  Georgia 
1853-1857;  candidate  for  Vice  President  on  the 
Douglas  Democratic  ticket  in  1860;  a  Senator  from 
Georgia  in  the  second  Confederate  congress ;  presi- 
dent of  the  state  constitutional  convention  of  Octo- 
ber, 1865;  presented  credentials  as  a  Senator-elect 
to  the  United  States  Senate,  but  was  not  admitted; 
resumed  the  practice  of  law;  circuit  judge  1873- 
1880;  died  in  Jefferson  county,  Ga.,  August  16, 
1880. 

Johnson,  James,  a  Representative  from  Vir- 
ginia; native  of  Virginia;  completed  preparatory 
studies;  member  of  the  state  legislature;  elected 
as  a  Democrat  to  the  Thirteenth,  Fourteenth,  Fif- 
teenth, and  Sixteenth  Congresses,  and  served  from 
March  4,  1813,  until  February  1,  1820,  when  he  re- 
signed to  become  customs  collector  of  Norfolk; 
died  in  Norfolk,  Va.,  December  7,  1825. 


Johnson,  James,  a  Representative  from  Ken- 
tucky; born  in  Orange  county,  Va.,  January  1, 
1774  ;  moved  with  his  father  to  Kentucky  in  1779; 
served  as  lieutenant  colonel  in  the  war  of  1812,  and 
commanded  the  right  wing  of  the  United  States 
forces  in  the  battle  of  the  Thames;  contractor  for 
supplying  troops  on  the  Mississippi  and  Missouri 
rivers  1819-1820;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the 
Nineteenth  Congress,  and  served  from  March  4, 
1825,  until  his  death  in  Great  Crossings,  Ky.,  Au- 
gust  14,  1826. 

Johnson,  James,  a  Representative  from  Geor- 
gia; born  in  Robeson  county,  N.  C.,  February  12, 
1811;  was  graduated  from  the  University  of  Geor- 
gia in  1832;  taught  school;  studied  law,  was  ad- 
mitted to  the  bar  in  1835,  and  entered  practice  in 
Columbus,  Ga.,  in  1836;  prosecuting  attorney  of 
Muscogee  county;  elected  as  a  Unionist  to  the 
Thirty-second  Congress  (March  4,  1851-March  3, 
1853);  appointed  provisional  governor  of  Georgia 
by  President  Johnson  in  1865,  and  served  from  June 
17  to  December  19  of  that  year;  collector  of  customs 
at  Savannah  1866-1869;  appointed  judge  of  the 
superior  court  of  Georgia  July  1,  1869;  reappointed 
October  19, 1870,  for  a  term  of  eight  years ;  resigned 
October  1, 1875,  to  resume  the  practice  of  law;  Grant 
and  Colfax  elector  in  1872;  died  upon  his  planta- 
tion in  Chattahoochee  county,  Ga.,  November  20, 
1891. 

Johnson,  James  A.,  a  Representative  from  Cali- 
fornia; born  in  Spartanburg,  S.  C.,  May  16,  1829; 
attended  the  common  schools;  studied  medicine 
and  law;  commenced  practice  of  law  in  Downie- 
ville,  Cal.;  member  of  the  legislature  1859-1860; 
elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Fortieth  and  Forty- 
first  Congresses  (March  4,  1867-March  3,  1871). 

Johnson,  James  Hutchins,  a  Representative 
from  New  Hampshire;  born  in  Bath,  Grafton 
county,  N.  II.,  June  3,  1802;  attended  the  public 
schools;  member  of  the  state  senate  in  1839;  state 
councilor  in  1842  and  1845;  elected  to  the  Twenty- 
ninth  and  Thirtieth  Congresses  (March  4,  1845- 
March  3,  1849);  died  in  Bath,  N.  H.,  September  2, 
1887. 

Johnson,  James  L.,  a  Representative  from 
Kentucky;  native  of  Kentucky;  lived  in  Owens- 
boro;  elected  as  a  Whig  to  the  Thirty-first  Congress 
(March  4,  1849-March  3,  1851);  died  in  Owensboro, 
Ky.,  February  12,  1877. 

Johnson,  Jeromus,  a  Representative  from  New 
York;  born  in  Wallabout,  Kings  county,  N.  Y., 
November  2,  1775;  attended  the  public  schools; 
moved  to  New  York  City;  member  of  the  state 
house  of  representatives  in  1822;  elected  as  a  Demo- 
crat to  the  Nineteenth  and  Twentieth  Congresses 
(March  4,  1825-March3,  1829);  appointed  appraiser 
of  merchandise  for  the  port  of  New  York  May  26, 
1830,  and  served  until  1840;  charter  member  of  the 
St.  Nicholas  society  of  New  York;  moved  to 
Goshen,  Orange  county,  N.  Y.,  where  he  died 
September  7,  1846.  - 

Johnson,  John,  a  Representative  from  Ohio; 
born  in  county  Tyrone,  Ireland,  in  1808;  attended 
the  public  schools;  came  to  Coshocton,  Ohio,  in 
1824,  and  engaged  in  agricultural  pursuits;  elected 
to  the  state  senate;  delegate  to  the  state  constitu- 
tional convention;  elected  as  an  Independent  to 
the  Thirty-second  Congress  (March  4,  1851-March 
3,  1853);  engaged  in  banking  until  his  death  in 
Coshocton,  Ohio,  February  5,  1867. 


BIOGRAPHIES. 


763 


Johnson,  John  Trimble,  a  Representative  from 
Kentucky;  born  in  Great  Crossings,  Ky.,  October 
5,1788;  received  a  limited  education;  studied  law, 
was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  began  practice  in 
Georgetown,  Ky.;  served  in  the  war  of  1812  as  an 
aid  to  Gen.  William  H.  Harrison;  elected  to  the 
state  legislature  five  times;  elected  to  the  Seven- 
teenth and  Eighteenth  Congresses  (March  4,  1821- 
March  3,  1825);  appointed  judge  to  the  court  of 
appeals  April  20,  1826,  and  served  until  December 
20,  1826;  died  in  Lexington,  Mo.,  December  17, 
1856. 

Johnson,  Joseph,  a  Representative  from  Vir- 
ginia; born  in  Orange  county,  N.  Y.,  December  19, 
1785;  moved  with  his  father  to  Bridgeport,  Va. 
(now  West  Virginia),  in  1800;  acquired  a  knowl- 
edge of  rudimentary  studies  by  personal  efforts; 
served  in  the  War  of  1812  as  captain  of  a  company 
•  of  riflemen;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Eight- 
eenth and  Nineteenth  Congresses  (March  4,  1823- 
March  3,  1827) ;  defeated  for  the  Twentieth  Con- 
gress; elected  to  the  Twenty-second  Congress,  to 
fill  vacancy  caused  by  the  death  of  Philip  Dodd- 
ridge,  and  served  from  January  21  to  March  3, 1833; 
reelected  to  the  Twenty-fourth,  Twenty-fifth,  and 
Twenty-sixth  Congresses  (March  4,  1835-March  3, 
1841);  delegate  in  the  national  Democratic  con- 
vention in  Baltimore  in  1844;  reelected  to  the 
Twenty-ninth  Congress  (March  4,  1845-March  3, 
1847);  delegate  in  the  Virginia  constitutional  con- 
vention of  1850;  governor  of  Virginia  1852-1856; 
supporter  of  the  southern  Confederacy;  died  in 
Bridgeport,  W.  Va.,  February  27,  1877. 

Johnson,  Joseph  Travis,  a  Representative 
from  South  Carolina;  born  in  Brewerton,  Laurens 
county,  S.  C.,  February  28,  1858;  was  graduated 
from  Erskine  college  July  2,  1879;  studied  law, 
was  admitted  to  the  bar  May  30, 1883,  and  engaged 
in  practice  in  Spartanburg,  S.  C. ;  elected  as  a  Dem- 
ocrat to  the  Fifty-seventh,  Fifty-eighth,  Fifty- 
ninth,  Sixtieth,  and  Sixty-first  Congresses  (March 
4,  1901-March  3,  1911).  Reekcted  to  the  Sixty- 
second  Congress. 

Johnson,  Martin  Nelson,  a  Representative 
and  a  Senator  from  North  Dakota;  born  in  Racine 
county,  Wis.,  March  3,  1850;  moved  with  parents 
to  Iowa  the  same  year;  was  graduated  from  the  law 
department  of  the  Iowa  state  university  in  1873; 
taught  two  years  in  the  California  military  academy 
in  Oakland,  Cal.;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1876; 
returned  to  Iowa,  and  was  a  member  of  the  state 
house  of  representatives  in  1877;  state  senator 
1878-1882;  Hayes  elector  for  the  Dubuque  district 
in  1876;  moved  to  Dakota  territory  in  1882;  dis- 
trict attorney  of  Nelson  county  in  1886  and  1888; 
member  of  the  constitutional  convention  of  North 
Dakota  in  1889,  and  chairman  of  the  first  Republi- 
can state  convention  same  year;  elected  as  a  Re- 
publican to  the  Fifty-second,  and  to  the  three  suc- 
ceeding Congresses  (March  4,  1891-March  3,  1899); 
elected  to  the  United  States  Senate,  and  served 
from  March  4,  1909,  until  his  death  in  Fargo, 
N.  Dak.,  October  21,  1909. 

Johnson,  Noadiah,  a  Representative  from  New 
York;  native  of  New  York ;  completed  preparatory 
studies;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and 
began  practice  in  Delhi,  N.  Y. ;  district  attorney  of 
Delaware  county  from  June,  1827,  to  November, 
1833;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Twenty-third 
Congress  (March  4,  1833-March  3,  1835);  member 
of  the  state  senate  until  his  death  in  Albany, 
N.  Y.,  April  4,  1839. 


Johnson,  Perley  Brown,  a  Representative 
from  Ohio;  born  in  the  block  house,  in  Marietta, 
Ohio,  September  8,  1798;  attended  the  public 
schools  of  McConnelsville,  Ohio;  clerk  of  the  court 
of  common  pleas  in  1825;  member  of  the  state 
legislature  1833-1835;  elected  as  a  Whig  to  the 
Twenty-eighth  Congress  (March  4,  1843-March  3, 
1845);  died  in  McConnelsville,  Ohio,  February  9, 
1870. 

Johnson,  Philip,  a  Representative  from  Penn- 
sylvania; born  in  Warren  county,  N.  J.,  January 
17,  1818;  moved  to  Mount  Bethel,  Pa.,  in  1839; 
attended  the  common  schools,  and  Lafayette 
college  1842-1844;  was  a  plantation  tutor  in  Mis- 
sissippi 1844-1846;  returned  to  Pennsylvania, 
studied  law,  attended  Union  law  school  in  Easton, 
Pa.,  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1848,  and  com- 
menced practice  in  Easton;  county  court  clerk 
1848-1853;  member  of  the  state  legislature  1853- 
1854;  revenue  commissioner  of  the  third  judicial 
district  1859-1860;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the 
Thirty-seventh,  Thirty-eighth,  and  Thirty-ninth 
Congresses,  and  served  from  March  4,  1861,  until 
his  death  in  Washington,  D.  C.,  January  29,  1867. 

Johnson,  Reverdy,  a  Senator  from  Maryland; 
born  in  Annapolis,  Md.,  May  21,  1796;  was  a 
student  in  St.  John's  college,  Md.,  1811-1814; 
studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1815,  and 
commenced  practice  in  Upper  Marlboro;  deputy 
attorney  general  of  Maryland  1816-1817;  moved 
to  Baltimore  in  1817;  member  of  the  state  senate 
1821-1827;  elected  to  the  United  States  Senate  as 
a  Whig,  and  served  from  March  4,  1845,  to  March 
7,  1849,  when  he  resigned;  appointed  Attorney 
General  of  the  United  States  by  President  Taylor 
March  8,  1849,  and  served  until  July  20,  1850; 
delegate  to  the  peace  convention  of  1860-1861; 
state  senator  1860-1861;  reelected  to  the  United 
States  Senate,  and  served  from  March  4,  1863,  to 
July_  10,  1868,  when  he  resigned;  United  States 
minister  to  England  1868-1869;  returned  to  An- 
napolis, Md.,  and  resumed  the  practice  of  law;  a 
compiler  of  reports  of  decisions  of  Maryland's  court 
of  appeals;  died  in  Annapolis,  Md.,  February  10, 
1876. 

Johnson,  Richard  Mentor,  a  Representative 
and  a  Senator  from  Kentucky;  born  in  Bryants 
Station,  Ky.,  October  17,  1781;  attended  Transyl- 
vania university;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the 
bar  in  1802,  and  began  practice  in  Great  Crossings, 
Ky.;  member  of  the  state  legislature  1804-1807; 
elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Tenth,  and  to  the 
five  succeeding  Congresses  (March  4,  1807-March 
3,  1819);  during  his  term  of  Congressional  service 
was  commissioned  colonel  of  Kentucky  volunteers, 
and  commanded  a  regiment  under  Gen.  William 
H.  Harrison  in  the  expeditions  and  engagements 
in  Lower  Canada  in  1813;  participated  in  the 
battle  of  the  Thames,  October  5,  1813,  and  Con- 
gress, by  resolution  of  April  4,  1818,  presented 
him  a  sword  in  recognition  of  "the  daring  and 
distinguished  valor  displayed  by  himself  and  the 
regiment  of  volunteers  under  his  command  in 
charging  and  essentially  contributing  to  vanquish 
the  combined  British  and  Indian  forces"  in  this 
battle;  elected  to  the  United  States  Senate,  to 
fill  vacancy  caused  by  resignation  of  John  J. 
Crittenden;  reelected  and  served  from  December 
10, 1819,  to  March  3, 1829;  reelected  to  the  Twenty- 
first,  and  to  the  three  succeeding  Congresses 
(March  4,  1829-March  3,  1837);  Vice  President  of 
the  United  States  March  4,  1837-March  3,  1841, 
chosen  by  the  Senate;  defeated  for  Vice  President 


764 


CONGBESSIONAL   DIEECTOEY. 


on  the  Democratic  ticket  in  1840;  state  represen- 
tative; died  in  Frankfort,  Ky.,  November  19. 
1850. 

Johnson,  Robert  Ward,  a  Representative  and 
a  Senator  from  Arkansas;  born  in  Scott  county, 
Ky.,  July  22,  1814;  attended  public  school  in 
Scott  county;  moved  with  his  father  to  Arkansas 
in  1821;  attended  the  Indian  academy  near  Frank- 
fort, Ky.,  and  was  graduated  from  St.  Joseph's 
college,  Bardstown,  Ky.,  in  1833,  and  from  the 
Yale  law  school  in  1835;  was  admitted  to  the  bar 
in  1835,  and  practiced  in  Little  Rock,  Ark.,  1835- 
1847;  prosecuting  attorney  for  the  Little  Rock 
circuit  1840-1842;  and  state  attorney  general  ex 
officio;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Thirtieth, 
Thirty-first,  and  Thirty-second  Congresses  (March 
4,  1847-March  3,  1853);  declined  a  renomination' 
appointed  and  subsequently  elected  to  the  United 
States  Senate,  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  the  resig- 
nation of  Solon  Borland;  reelected,  and  served 
from  July  6,  1855,  to  March  3,  1861;  declined  a 
reelection;  delegate  in  the  provisional  government 
of  the  Confederacy  in  1862,  and  member  of  the 
Confederate  senate;  engaged  in  the  practice  of 
law  in  Washington,  D.  C.;  defeated  candidate  for 
the  United  States  Senate  from  Arkansas  in  1877; 
died  in  Little  Rock,  Ark.,  July  26,  1879. 

Johnson,  Thomas,  a  Delegate  from  Maryland; 
born  in  St.  Leonard,  Calvert  county,  Md.,  Novem- 
ber 4,  1732;  completed  preparatory  studies;  studied 
law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar  and  practiced; 
represented  Anne  Arundel  county  in  the  house 
of  delegates  1762-1763;  member  of  the  committee 
of  correspondence,  and  of  the  council  of  safety; 
formed  the  Potomac  company  for  improving  the 
navigation  of  the  Potomac  river;  a  member  of  the 
Annapolis  convention  of  June,  1774;  Delegate  in 
the  Continental  Congress  1774-1777;  nominated 
George  Washington  to  be  commander  in  chief  of 
the  American  forces;  delegate  in  the  first  consti- 
tutional convention  of  Maryland;  served  in  the 
Revolutionary  war  as  senior  brigadier  general  of 
provincial  forces,  and  led  the  "flying  camp"  that 
went  to  Washington's  relief  during  his  retreat 
through  New  Jersey;  prevented  by  illness  in  his 
family  from  signing  the  Declaration  of  Independ- 
ence; elected  first  governor  of  Maryland,  1777- 
1779;  moved  to  Frederickstown,  Md.;  appointed 
by  President  Washington  ^ne  g rs^  United  States 
judge  for  the  district  of  Maryland  September  24, 
1789,  and  associate  justice  of  the  United  States 
supreme  court  October  31,  1791,  to  fill  vacancy 
caused  by  the  death  of  John  Rutledge,  and  served 
until  February,  1793,  when  he  resigned;  declined 
a  cabinet  position  tendered  by  President  Wash- 
ington August  24,  1795;  appointed  by  President 
John  Adams  chief  judge  of  the  territory  of 
Columbia  February  28,  1801;  assisted  in  laying 
out  the  streets  of  Washington  and  in  designating 
sites  for  public  buildings;  died  in  Rose  Hill,  Md., 
October  25,  1819. 

Johnson,  Thomas  Loftin,  a  Representative 
from  Ohio;  born  in  Georgetown,  Scott  county,  Ky., 
July  18,  1854;  attended  the  public  schools;  em- 
ployed in  a  rolling  mill,  and  later  in  a  railroad 
office,  and  became  secretary  of  the  company; 
invented  the  "Johnston"  street  railway  rail  in 
1872;  moved  to  Cleveland,  Ohio,  and  constructed 
and  operated  a  street  railway  system;  went  to 
Brooklyn,  N.  Y.,  in  1896,  and  became  interested 
in  street  railways;  again  located  in  Cleveland, 
Ohio,  and  became  interested  in  rolling  mills,  as 


well  as  in  surface  railways;  was  defeated  as  the 
Democratic  candidate  for  the  Fifty-first  Congress; 
elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Fifty-second  and 
Fifty-third  Congresses  (March  4,  1891-March  3, 
1895);  mayor  of  Cleveland,  Ohio,  1899,  1901,  1903, 
1905,  and  1907);  defeated  as  the  Democratic  candi- 
date for  governor  of  Ohio  in  1903;  died  in  Cleve- 
land, Ohio,  April  10,  1911. 

Johnson,  Waldo  Porter,  a  Senator  from  Mis- 
souri; born  in  Bridgeport,  Harrison  county,  Va., 
September  16,  1817;  attended  public  and  private 
schools,  and  was  graduated  from  Rector  college, 
Prantytown,  Va.,  in  1839;  studied  law,  was  ad- 
mitted to  the  bar,  and  began  practice  in  Virginia; 
moved  to  Osceola,  Mo.,  in  1842  and  practiced 
law;  served  in  the  war  with  Mexico  as  a  member 
of  the  first  Missouri  regiment  of  mounted  volun- 
teers; elected  to  the  state  legislature  when  in  the 
field  in  Mexico,  and  was  mustered  out  and  served 
1847;  elected  circuit  attorney  in  1848,  and  judge 
of  the  seventh  judicial  circuit  in  1851;  resigned 
in  1852  and  resumed  law  practice;  elected  as  a 
Democrat  to  the  United  States  Senate,  and  served 
from  March  17,  1861,  to  January  10,  1862,  when 
he  was  expelled  from  the  Senate;  served  in  the 
Confederate  army,  was  wounded  at  Pea  Ridge, 
March  8,  1862;  attained  the  rank  of  lieutenant 
colonel;  appointed  member  of  the  Confederate 
senate,  to  fill  a  vacancy;  sought  refuge  in  Canada 
near  the  close  of  the  Civil  war;  returned  to  Osceola, 
Mo.,  and  was  president  of  the  state  constitutional 
convention  of  October,  1875;  died  in  Osceola, 
Mo.,  August  14,  1885. 

Johnson,  William,  a  Representative  from  Ohio; 
born  in  Ireland  in  1819;  emigrated  to  the  United 
States  and  located  in  Ohio;  attended  the  public 
schools;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar, 
and  commenced  practice  in  Mansfield,  Ohio; 
elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Thirty-eighth  Con- 
gress (March  4,  1863-March  3,  1865);  defeated  for 
reelection;  died  in  Mansfield,  Ohio,  May  3,  1866. 

Johnson,  William  Cost,  a  Representative  from 
Maryland;  born  near  Jefferson,  Frederick  county, 
Md.,  January  14,  1806;  completed  preparatory 
studies;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in 
1831,  and  began  practice  in  Jefferson,  Md.;  mem- 
ber of  the  state  legislature;  delegate  in  the  Mary- 
land state  constitutional  convention;  elected  as  a 
Whig  to  the  Twenty-third  Congress  (March  4, 
1833-March  3,  1835);  again  elected  to  the  Twenty- 
fifth,  Twenty-sixth,  and  Twenty-seventh  Con- 
gresses (March  4,  1837-March  3,  1843);  resumed 
the  practice  of  law  in  Washington,  D.  C.,  and  died 
there,  April  14,  1860;  interment  in  Jefferson,  Md. 

Johnson,  William  Samuel,  a  Delegate  and  a 
Senator  from  Connecticut;  born  in  Stratford,  Conn., 
October  7,  1727;  was  graduated  from  Yale  college 
in  1744;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and 
commenced  practice  in  Stratford;  delegate  from 
Connecticut  to  the  convention  of  the  colonies  in 
New  York  in  1776;  was  Connecticut  agent  extra- 
ordinary to  the  court  of  England  1761-1771,  to 
determine  the  state  title  to  Indian  lands;  judge  of 
the  supreme  court  of  Connecticut  1772-1774;  mem- 
ber of  the  state  council  1780-1782;  Delegate  in  the 
Continental  Congress  1784-1787;  delegate  in  the 
constitutional  convention  of  1787;  elected  to  the 
United  States  Senate,  and  served  from  March  4, 
1789,  to  March  4, 1791,  when  he  resigned;  president 
of  Columbia  college  of  New  York  City  1792-1800; 
died  in  Stratford,  Conn.,  November  14,  1819. 


BIOGKAPHIES. 


765 


Johnston,  Charles,  a  Representative  from 
New  York;  native  of  Connecticut;  attended  the 
common  schools;  moved  to  Poughkeepsie,  N.  Y.; 
studied  law  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar;  elected 
as  a  Whig  to  the  Twenty-sixth  Congress  (March  4, 
1839-March  3,  1841);  defeated  for  reelection. 

Johnston,  Charles  C.,  a  Representative  from 
Virginia;  born  in  Abingdon,  Va.,  in  1795;  received 
a  liberal  schooling-  studied  law,  was  admitted  to 
the  bar,  and  practiced  at  Abingdon,  Va.;  elected 
to  the  Twenty-second  Congress  (March  4,  1831- 
March  3,  1833);  died  in  Alexandria,  Va.,  June  17, 
1832. 

Johnston,  David  Emmons,  a  Representative 
from  West  Virginia;  born  near  Peairsburg,  Giles 
county,  Va.,  April  10,  1845;  attended  the  common 
schools;  enlisted  in  the  Confederate  army  in  April, 
1861,  and  served  four  years  in  the  seventh  Virginia 
regiment  of  infantry,  Kemper's  brigade  of  Pickett's 
division;  twice  wounded — at  Williamsburg,  Va., 
May  5,  1862,  and  in  the  charge  of  Pickett's  division 
at  Gettysburg,  July  3,  1863;  studied  law  and  was 
admitted  to  the  bar  in  Giles  county,  Va.,  in  1867; 
moved  to  Mercer  county,  W.  Va.,  in  1870;  elected 
prosecuting  attorney  as  a  Democrat  and  served 
four  years;  elected  to  the  state  senate  in  1878; 
resigned;  elected  judge  of  the  ninth  judicial  cir- 
cuit in  1880,  and  served  eight  years;  Democratic 
presidential  elector  in  1896;  elected  as  a  Democrat 
to  the  Fifty-sixth  Congress  (March  4,  1899-March 
3,  1901);  moved  to  Portland,  Oreg.,  and  resumed 
the  practice  of  law. 

Johnston,  James  Thomas,  a  Representative 
from  Indiana;  born  in  Putnam  county,  Ind.,  Jan- 
uary 19,  1839;  attended  the  common  schools;  com- 
menced the  study  of  law  in  1861;  in  July,  1862, 
enlisted  as  a  private  in  company  C,  sixth  Indiana 
cavalry;  in  September,  1863,  transferred  to  com- 
pany A,  eighth  Tennessee  cavalry,  and  com- 
missioned as  second  lieutenant  and  served  until 
January,  1864,  when  he  resigned;  afterwards 
served  as  commissary  sergeant  of  one  hundred  and 
thirty-third  Indiana  infantry;  commissioned  lieu- 
tenant and  assistant  quartermaster  of  the  one 
hundred  and  forty-ninth  Indiana  infantry,  and 
mustered  out  in  September,  1865;  admitted  to  the 
bar  in  March,  1866,  and  practiced  in  Rockville, 
Ind.;  prosecuting  attorney  for  two  years;  member 
of  the  state  house  of  representatives  in  1868,  and 
of  the  state  senate  1874-1878;  elected  as  a  Repub- 
lican to  the  Forty-ninth  and  Fiftieth  Congresses 
(March  4,  1885-March  3,  1889);  died  in  Rockville, 
Ind.,  July  19,  1904. 

Johnston,  John  Warfield,  a  Senator  from  Vir- 
ginia; born  in  Panicello,  near  Abingdon,  Va.,  Sep- 
tember 9,  1818;  attended  the  Abingdon  academy 
and  the  South  Carolina  college,  Columbia,  S,  C.; 
studied  law  in  the  University  of  Virginia,  and  was 
admitted  to  the  bar  in  1839;  commonwealth  attor- 
ney for  Tazewell  county  1844-1846;  state  senator 
1846-1848;  judge  of  the  circuit  court  of  Virginia 
1866-1870;  elected  as  a  Conservative  to  the 
United  States  Senate,  to  fill  vacancy  in  the  term 
beginning  March  4,  1865,  and  served  from  October 
20,  1869,  to  March  3,  1871;  reelected  to  fill  vacancy 
in  term  beginning  March  4,  1871;  was  again  re- 
elected  in  1876  and  served  from  March  15,  1871, 
to  March  3,  1883;  died  in  Richmond,  Va.,  Feb- 
ruary 27,  1889. 

Johnston;  Joseph  Eccleston,  a  Representa- 
tive from  Virginia;  born  in  Longwood,  Prince  Ed- 


ward county,  Va.,  February  3,  1807;  moved  with 
parents  to  Panicello,  near  Abingdon,  Va.,  in  1811; 
attended  the  Abingdon  academy,  and  was  grad- 
uated from  the  West  Point  military  academy  in 
1829,  in  the  class  with  Robert  E.  Lee;  was  as- 
signed to  the  fourth  United  States  artillery  as 
second  lieutenant  and  was  garrisoned  in  New 
York  and  Fort  Monroe,  Va.,  1829-1832;  first  lieu- 
tenant July  31,  1836;  resigned  May  31,  1837;  com- 
missioned first  lieutenant  of  topographical  en- 
gineers July  7,  1838;  captain  September  21,  1846; 
lieutenant  colonel  of  voltigeurs  April  9,  1847,  to 
August  28,  1848;  lieutenant  colonel  first  cavalry 
March  3,  1855;  brigadier  general  and  quarter- 
master general  June  28,  1860;  brevet  captain  July 
7,  1838,  "for  gallantry  on  several  occasions  in 
the  war  against  the  Florida  Indians;"  major  and 
colonel  April  12,  1847,  "for  gallantry  and  meri- 
torious conduct  at  Cerro  Gordo,  Mexico,  where  he 
was  severely  wounded  under  the  enemy'a  works, 
while  on  reconnoitering  duty;"  lieutenant  colonel 
September  13,  1847,  "for  gallantry  and  meri- 
torious conduct  in  the  battle  of  Chapultepec, 
Mexico;  resigned  April  22,  1861;  general  in  the 
Confederate  army  1861-1865;  located  in  Vicksburg, 
Miss.,  was  president  of  a  railroad  company  in 
Arkansas  and  engaged  in  the  insurance  business 
1868-1877;  removed  to  Richmond,  Va,,  in  1877, 
and  was  president  of  an  express  company;  elected 
as  a  Democrat  to  the  Forty-sixth  Congress  (March 
4,  1879-March  3,  1881);  commissioner  of  railroads 
under  President  Cleveland  1887-1891;  died  in 
Washington,  D.  C.,  March  21,  1891. 

Johnston,  Joseph  Forney,  a  Senator  from 
Alabama;  born  in  Lincoln  county,  N.  C.,  March  23, 
1843;  attended  public  schools;  enlisted  in  the  Con- 
federate army  as  a  private  in  March,  1861,  and 
served  during  the  war;  was  wounded  four  times, 
and  rose  to  the  rank  of  captain;  studied  law,  was 
admitted  to  the  bar  in  1866,  and  practiced  in 
Selma,  Ala.,  1866-1884;  removed  to  Birmingham, 
Ala.,  practiced  law,  and  was  president  of  the  Ala- 
bama national  bank;  elected  governor  of  Alabama 
in  1896  and  reelected  in  1898,  and  served  four  years; 
unanimously  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  United 
States  Senate,  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  the  death 
of  Edmund  W.  Pettus,  and  his  term  of  service 
began  August  6, 1907 ;  reelected  for  the  term  ending 
March  3, 1915. 

Johnston,  Josiah  Stpddard,  a  Representative 
and  a  Senator  from  Louisiana;  born  in  Salisbury, 
Conn.,  November  24,  1784;  moved  with  parents 
to  Kentucky  in  1790;  was  graduated  from  Tran- 
sylvania university  in  1805;  studied  law  and 
commenced  practice  in  Alexandria,  La.;  member 
of  the  state  house  of  representatives;  state  district 
judge  1812-1821;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the 
Seventeenth  Congress  (March  4,  1821-March  3, 
1823);  appointed  to  the  United  States  Senate,  to 
fill  vacancy  caused  by  the  resignation  of  James 
Brown;  twice  reelected  and  served  from  January 
15,  1824,  until  his  death,  caused  by  an  explosion 
of  the  steamboat  Lioness  upon  which  he  was  a 
passenger,  on  Red  river,  La.,  May  19,  1833. 

Johnston,  Samuel,  a  Delegate  and  a  Senator 
from  North  Carolina;  born  in  Dundee,  Scotland, 
December  15,  1733;  brought  by  parents  to  Chowan 
county,  N.  C.,  in  1736;  attended  school  in  New 
England;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar; 
and  practiced ;  member  of  state  assembly  in  1760, 
treasurer  of  the  northern  division,;  moderator  of 
the  Revolutionary  convention  of  1775;  state  sena- 


766 


CONGKESSIONAL  DIEECTORY. 


tor  1779;  Delegate  in  the  Continental  Congress 
1780-1782;  presided  over  the  state  conventions  of 
1788  and  1789;  elected  as  a  Federalist  to  the  United 
States  Senate,  and  served  from  November  27, 1789, 
to  March  3,  1793;  judge  of  the  superior  courts  of 
North  Carolina  1800-1803;  died  near  Edenton, 
N.  C.,  August  18,  1816. 

Johnston,  Thomas  Dillard,  a  Representative 
from  North  Carolina;  born  in  Waynes ville,  Hay- 
wood  county,  N.  C.,  April  1,  1840;  attended  the 
common  schools;  entered  the  University  of  North 
Carolina  in  1858,  but  left  in  the  spring  of  1859  on  ac- 
count of  failing  health;  studied  law;  entered  the 
southern  army  in  the  spring  of  1861  and  received 
three  desperate  wounds  at  Malvern  Hill;  admitted 
to  the  bar  in  1866,  and  practiced  in  Asheville; 
elected  mayor  in  1869;  member  of  the  state  house 
of  representatives  in  1870;  candidate  for  Demo- 
cratic elector  on  the  Greeley  ticket  in  1872;  re- 
elected  to  the  state  house  of  representatives  in 
1872;  declined  a  reelection;  state  senator  in  1876; 
elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Forty-ninth  and  Fif- 
tieth Congresses  (March  4,  1885-March  3,  1889); 
died  in  Asheville,  N.  C.,  June  22, 1902. 

Johns  tone,  George,  a  Representative  from 
South  Carolina;  born  in  Newberry,  S.  C.,  April  18, 
1846;  attended  the  public  schools;  entered  the 
state  military  academy,  from  which  he  enlisted 
in  the  Confederate  army  as  a  member  of  the  bat- 
talion of  state  cadets  and  served  until  the  close  of 
the  war;  attended  the  University  of  Edinburgh, 
Scotland,  1866-1869;  returned  to  Newberry,  N.  C.; 
studied  law  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1871; 
declined  a  nomination  to  the  state  legislature  in 
1874;  elected  to  the  state  house  of  representatives 
in  1877,  and  served  until  1884;  declined  reelection; 
member  of  the  commission  that  revised  the  tax 
laws  and  suggested  amendments  to  the  state  con- 
stitution in  1881;  member  of  the  state  executive 
committee  of  the  Democratic  party  1880-1884; 
elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Fifty-second  Con- 
gress (March  4,  1891-March  3,  1893);  member  of 
the  state  constitutional  convention  of  1895;  re- 
sumed the  practice  of  law  in  Newberry,  S.  C. 

Jolley,  John  Lawlor,  a  Representative  from 
South  Dakota;  born  in  Montreal,  Quebec,  July  14, 
1840;  attended  the  common  schools;  moved  to 
Wisconsin  in  1857;  settled  in  Dakota  territory  July 
9,  1866;  enlisted  as  a  private  in  company  C,  twen- 
ty-third Wisconsin  volunteer  infantry,  August 
22,  1862;  mustered  out  as  second  lieutenant,  July 
4,  1865;  member  of  the  territorial  house  of  repre- 
sentatives in  1867-1868;  of  the  territorial  council 
in  1875,  and  1881;  state  senator  1889-1890;  mayor 
of  the  city  of  Vermilion  in  1877,  and  1885;  member 
of  the  Sioux  Falls  constitutional  convention  in 
1889;  member  of  the  Republican  national  con- 
vention in  Chicago  in  1884;  elected  as  a  Repub- 
lican to  the  Fifty-second  Congress,  to  fill  vacancy 
caused  by  the  death  of  John  R.  Gamble,  and  served 
from  December  7,  1891,  to  March  3,  1893;  resumed 
the  practice  of  law  in  Vermilion,  S.  Dak. 

Jonas,  Benjamin  Franklin,  a  Senator  from 
Louisiana;  born  in  Williamstown,  Grant  county, 
Ky.,  July  19,  1834;  moved  with  parents  to  Adams 
county,  111.,  where  he  attended  public  schools; 
in  1853  moved  to  New  Orleans,  La.;  studied  law, 
was  graduated  from  the  law  department  of  the 
University  of  Louisiana  in  1855,  admitted  to  the 
bar,  and  commenced  practice  in  New  Orleans; 
served  in  the  Confederate  army  as  a  private,  cap- 
tain, and  acting  adjutant  of  the  artillery  of  Hood's 


corps  in  the  army  of  Tennessee  until  the  close  of 
the  war;  member  of  the  state  house  of  representa- 
tives in  1865,  and  served  until  reconstruction; 
chairman  of  the  Louisiana  delegation  in  the  Dem- 
ocratic national  convention  in  1868;  elected  to  the 
state  senate  in  1872;  city  attorney  of  New  Orleans 
in  1875  and  1878;  member  of  the  state  house  of 
representatives  1877-1879;  elected  as  a  Democrat 
to  the  United  States  Senate,  and  served  from 
March  4,  1879,  to  March  3,  1885;  collector  of  the 
port  of  New  Orleans  1885-1889;  defeated  as  the 
Democratic  candidate  for  the  United  States  Senate 
in  1884,  and  in  the  primaries  of  1904;  died  in  New 
Orleans,  La.,  December  21,  1911. 

Jones,  Alexander  Hamilton,  a  Representa- 
tive from  North  Carolina;  born  in  Buncombe 
county,  N.  C.,  July  21,  1822;  completed  prepara- 
tory studies;  became  a  merchant;  enlisted  in  the 
Union  army  in  1863;  captured  in  east  Tennessee 
while  raising  a  regiment  of  Union  volunteers  and 
imprisoned  in  Asheville,  also  at  Camp  Vance, 
Camp  Holmes,  and  in  Libby,  in  Richmond,  Va.; 
conscripted;  made  his  escape  November  14,  1864; 
again  joined  the  Union  forces  in  Cumberland,  Md.; 
after  the  war  returned  to  North  Carolina;  member 
of  the  state  convention  in  1865;  elected  as  a  Repub- 
lican to  the  Thirty-ninth  Congress,  but,  as  North 
Carolina  had  not  been  readmitted  to  representa- 
tion, he  was  not  admitted;  elected  to  the  Fortieth 
and  Forty-first  Congresses,  and  served  from  July 
6,  1868,  to  March  3,  1871;  defeated  for  the  Forty- 
second  congress;  resided  in  Washington,  D.  C., 
until  1876;  in  Maryland  until  1884;  in  Asheville, 
N.  C.,  until  1890;  in  Oklahoma  until  1897;  moved 
to  California  in  1897;  died  in  Long  Beach,  Cal., 
January  29,  1901. 

Jones,  Allen,  a  Delegate  from  North  Carolina; 
born  in  Halifax  county,  N.  C.,  December  24,  1739: 
attended  Eton  college,  England;  was  a  member  of 
the  colonial  assembly;  delegate  in  the  state  con- 
ventions in  Newbern  in  1775,  and  Halifax  in 
1776;  served  throughout  the  Revolutionary  war, 
and  was  a  brigadier  general;  Delegate  in  the  Con- 
tinental Congress  1779-1780;  state  senator  1784- 
1787;  member  of  the  state  convention  in  1788; 
died  in  Northampton  county,  N.  C.,  November  10, 
1798. 

Jones,  Benjamin,  a  Representative  from  Ohio; 
born  in  Winchester,  Frederick  county,  Va.,  April 
13,  1787;  completed  preparatory  studies;  moved 
to  Wooster,  Ohio;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the 
Twenty-third  and  Twenty-fourth  Congresses  (March 
4, 1833-March  3, 1837);  died  in  Wooster,  Ohio,  April 
24,  1861. 

Jones,  Burr  W.,  a  Representative  from  Wis- 
consin; born  in  Union,  Rock  county,  Wis  ,  March 
9,  1846;  pursued  an  academic  and  collegiate  course, 
was  graduated  from  the  literary  department  of  the 
Wisconsin  state  university  in  1870,  and  from  the 
law  department  in  1871;  was  admitted  to  the  bar, 
and  practiced  in  Madison,  Wis.;  elected  district 
attorney  of  Dane  county  in  1872  and  1874;  elected 
as  a  Democrat  to  the  Forty-eighth  Congress  (March 
4,  1883-March  3,  1885). 

Jones,  Charles  W.,  a  Senator  from  Florida ;  born 
in  Ireland  in  1834;  came  with  parents  to  the  United 
States  in  1844  and  settled  in  Pensacola,  Fla.,  in 
1854;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1857, 
and  practiced  in  Pensacola;  member  of  the  national 
Democratic  convention  in  Baltimore  in  1872;  un- 


BIOGEAPHIES. 


767 


successful  Democratic  candidate  for  Congress  in 
1872;  member  of  the  state  house  of  representatives 
in  1874;  elected  rs  a  Democrat  to  the  United  States 
Senate  1875;  reelected  in  1881,  and  served  from 
March  4,  1875,  to  March  3,  1887;  moved  to  Detroit, 
Mich.,  in  1887,  and  died  there  October  11,  1897. 

Jones,  Daniel  Terryll,  a  Representative  from 
New  York;  born  in  Hebron,  Conn.,  August  17, 1800; 
received  a  liberal  schooling;  studied  medicine, 
was  licensed  to  practice,  and  practiced  in  Con- 
necticut and  New  York;  moved  to  Baldwinsville, 
N.  Y.;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Thirty-second 
and  Thirty- third  Congresses  (March  4,  1851-March 
3,  1855);  died  in  Baldwinsville,  N.  Y.,  March  29, 
1861. 

Jones,  Francis,  a  Representative  from  Tennes- 
see; received  a  limited  schooling;  studied  law,  was 
admitted  to  the  bar,  and  practiced  in  Winchester, 
Tenn.;  elected  to  the  Fifteenth,  Sixteenth,  and 
Seventeenth  Congresses  (March  4,  1817-March  3, 
1823);  resuhied  the  practice  of  law  in  Winchester, 
Tenn.,  and  died  there. 

Jones,  Frank,  a  Representative  from  New 
Hampshire;  born  in  Barrington,  N.  H.,  September 
15,  1832;  attended  the  public  schools;  moved  to 
Portsmouth  in  1849,  ana  became  a  merchant  and 
brewer;  owned  establishments  in  Portsmouth  and 
South  Boston,  Mass.;  mayor  of  Portsmouth  1868- 
]  869 ;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Forty-fourth  and 
Forty-fifth  Congresses  (March  4,  1875-March  3, 
1879);  defeated  as  the  Democratic  candidate  for 
governor  of  New  Hampshire  1880;  joined  the  Re- 
publican party;  interested  in  railroads;  Republican 
presidential  elector  in  1900;  died  in  Portsmouth, 
N.  H.,  October  2,  1902. 

Jones,  George,  a  Senator  from  Georgia;  born  in 
Savannah,  Ga.,  February  25,  1766;  received  an 
academic  training'  studied  medicine  with  his 
father,  Dr.  Noble  W.  Jones,  and  practiced  for  a 
number  of  years;  participated  in  the  Revolution 
during  1780-1781,  and  was  imprisoned  upon  an 
English  ship;  was  repeatedly  a  member  of  the  state 
assembly,  in  both  branches;  served  in  the  war  of 
1812  as  captain  of  a  company  of  Savannah  reserves; 
alderman  1793-1794,  1802-1803,  and  1814-1815; 
mayor  of  Savannah  1812-1814;  judge  of  the  superior 
court  for  the  eastern  circuit  of  Georgia;  appointed 
to  the  United  States  Senate,  to  fill  vacancy  caused 
by  the  death  of  Abraham  Baldwin,  and  served  from 
August  27,  1807,  to  November  7,  1807;  died  in 
Savannah,  Ga.,  November  13,  1838. 

Jones,  George  Wallace,  a  Delegate  from  the 
territory  of  Michigan,  the  territory  of  Wisconsin, 
and  a  Senator  from  Iowa;  born  in  Vincennes,  Ind., 
April  12,  1804;  was  graduated  from  the  Transyl- 
vania university,  Kentucky,  in  1825;  studied  law, 
and  was  admitted  to  the  bar;  clerk  of  the  United 
States  courts  in  Missouri  in  1826;  moved  to  Michi- 
gan territory  and  located  in  Sinsinawa  Mound; 
judge  of  the  county  court;  elected  a  Delegate  from 
Michigan  territory  to  the  Twenty-fourth  Congress, 
and  served  from  March  4,  1835,  until  December, 
1836,  when,  the  territory  of  Wisconsin  having 
been  formed  from  the  territory  of  Michigan,  and 
his  residence  being  in  the  new  territory,  he  was 
elected,  and  qualified,  as  a  Delegate  from  Wis- 
consin territory,  and  as  such  served  out  the  term, 
from  December  7,  1836,  to  March  3,  1837;  presented 
a  certificate  of  election  as  a  Delegate  from  the 
territory  of  Wisconsin  to  the  TVenty-fifth  Con- 


gress, and  served  from  March  4, 1837,  to  January  14, 
1839,  when  he  was  succeeded  by  James  D.  Doty, 
who  contested  his  election;  appointed  surveyor  of 
public  lands  for  the  territories  of  Wisconsin  and 
Iowa  by  President  Van  Buren  January  29,  1840; 
removed  by  President  Tyler  July  4,  1841;  reap- 
pointed  by  President  Polk  January  3,  1846,  and 
served,  with  headquarters  in  Dubuque,  Iowa,  until 
December,  1848,  when  he  resigned;  elected  to  the 
United  States  Senate  as  one  of  the  first  Senators 
from  the  State  of  Iowa,  and  served  from  December 
7,  1848,  to  March  3,  1859;  appointed  minister  resi- 
dent of  the  United  States  to  New  Granada  by  Presi- 
dent Buchanan  March  8, 1859,  and  served  in  Bogata 
until  recalled  by  President  Lincoln  in  July,  1861; 
on  his  return  and  upon  his  arrival  in  New  York 
City  was  arrested  by  order  of  Secretary  Seward  on 
the  charge  of  disloyalty,  based  on  a  friendly  letter 
to  hia  former  college  mate,  Jefferson  Davis;  was 
imprisoned  in  Fort  Lafayette,  New  York  harbor, 
for  sixty-four  days,  when  he  was  released  by  order 
of  President  Lincoln;  returned  to  Dubuque,  Iowa, 
and  died  there  July  22,  1896. 

Jones,  George  Washington,  a  Representative 
from  Tennessee;  born  in  King  and  Queen  county, 
Va.,  March  15,  1806;  moved  to  Fayetteville,  Tenn.; 
completed  preparatory  studies;  justice  of  the  peace 
1832-1835;  served  several  years  in  both  branches  of 
the  legislature;  served  as  county  clerk;  elected  as 
a  Democrat  to  the  Twenty-eighth,  and  to  the  four 
succeeding  Congresses  (March  4,  1843-March  3, 
1853);  reelected  to  the  Thirty-fourth  and  Thirty- 
fifth  Congresses  (March  4,  1855-March  3,  1859);  a 
representative  from  Tennessee  in  the  first  Confed- 
erate congress;  delegate  in  the  state  constitutional 
convention  in  1870;  died  in  Fayetteville,  Tenn., 
November  14,  1884. 

Jones,  George  W.,  a  Representative  from 
Texas;  born  in  Marion  county,  Ala.,  September  5, 
1828;  moved  with  parents  to  Tipton  county,  Tenn., 
and  shortly  after  to  Bastrop,  Tex.,  in  1848;  attended 
the  common  schools;  studied  law  and  was  admitted 
to  the  bar;  elected  district  attorney  in  1856;  en- 
listed in  the  Confederate  army  as  a  private;  elected 
lieutenant  colonel  and  afterwards  promoted  to  the 
colonelcy  of  the  seventeenth  Texas  infantry;  re- 
turned to  Bastrop  county;  member  of  the  constitu- 
tional convention  of  1866;  elected  lieutenant  gov- 
ernor of  Texas;  removed  by  Gen.  Sheridan  as 
"an  impediment  to  reconstruction";  elected  as  a 
Democrat  to  the  Forty-sixth  and  Forty-seventh 
Congresses  (March  4,  1879-March  3,  1883);  resumed 
the  practice  of  law  in  Bastrop,  Tex. 

Jones,  Isaac  D.,  a  Representative  from  Mary- 
land; native  of  Maryland;  completed  preparatory 
studies;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and 
commenced  practice  in  Princess  Anne  county; 
elected  as  a  Whig  to  the  Twenty-seventh  Congress 
(March  4,  1841-March  3,  1843);  elected  attorney 
general  of  Maryland  in  1863. 

Jones,  James,  a  Representative  from  Georgia; 
native  of  Maryland;  moved  to  Georgia  with  his 
uncle,  Col.  Marbury;  attended  the  academy  in 
Augusta;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and 

Eracticed  in  Savannah ;  served  several  terms  in  both 
ranches  of  the  legislature;  member  of  the  state 
constitutional  convention  of  May,  1798;  elected  to 
the  Sixth  Congress,  and  served  from  March  4,  1799, 
until  his  death  in  Washington,  D.  0.,  January  13, 
1801;  interment  in  the  Congressional  cemetery  in 
Washington,  D.  C. 


768 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 


Jones,  James,  a  Representative  from  Virginia; 
born  in  Amelia  (now  Nottoway)  county,  Va.,  De- 
cember 11,  1772;  attended  Hampden-Sidney  col- 
lege, Va.,  the  Jefferson  medical  college,  Philadel- 
phia, Pa.,  and  was  graduated  in  medicine  from  the 
University  of  Edinburg,  Scotland,  in  1796;  returned 
to  Amelia  county  and  practiced  medicine  and 
engaged  in  planting;  several  times  a  member  of  the 
state  legislature;  privy  councillor  of  Virginia  four 
consecutive  terms;  a  presidential  elector;  defeated 
candidate  for  the  Fifteenth  Congress,  to  fill  a 
vacancy;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Sixteenth 
and  Seventeenth  Congresses  (March  4,  1819-March 

3,  1823);  died  at  his  estate  "Mountain  Hall,"  Not- 
taway  county,  Va.,  April  25,  1848. 

'Jones,  James  C.,  a  Senator  from  Tennessee; 
born  in  Davidson  county,  Tenn.,  April  20,  1809; 
attended  the  public  schools;  member  of  the  state 
house  of  representatives  in  1839;  governor  of  Ten- 
nessee 1841-1845;  presidential  elector  on  the  Tay- 
lor ticket  in  1848;  elected  as  a  Whig  to  the  United 
States  Senate,  and  served  from  March  4,  1851,  to 
March  3,  1857;  died  in  Memphis,  Tenn.,  October 
29,  1859. 

Jones,  James  H.,  a  Representative  from  Texas; 
born  in  Shelby  county,  Ala.,  September  13,  1830; 
moved  with  parents  to  Talladega  county,  Ala.,  in 
early  youth;  pursued  an  academic  course;  studied 
law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1851,  and  com- 
menced practice  in  Henderson,  Tex.;  enlisted  in 
the  Confederate  army  and  served  as  captain,  lieu- 
tenant colonel,  and  colonel  of  the  eleventh  Texas 
infantry;  presidential  elector  on  the  Hancock  and 
English  ticket  in  1880;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the 
Forty-eighth  and  Forty-ninth  Congresses  (March  4, 
1883-March  3,  1887);  resumed  the  practice  of  law 
in  Henderson,  Tex. 

Jones,  James  Kimbrough,  a  Representative 
and  a  Senator  from  Arkansas;  born  in  Marshall 
county,  Miss.,  September  29,  1839;  removed  with 
parents  to  Dallas  county,  Ark.,  in  1848;  pursued 
classical  studies;  enlisted  in  the  Confederate  army; 
returned  to  his  plantation  in  Arkansas;  studied  law, 
was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced  practice 
in  Washington,  Hempstead  county,  Ark.,  in  1873; 
member  of  the  state  senate  1873-1879,  and  presi- 
dent of  the  senate  in  1877;  delegate  in  the  Demo- 
cratic national  convention  of  1-896;  chairman  of  the 
Democratic  national  committee  of  1896;  delegate 
in  the  Democratic  national  convention  in  Kansas 
City  in  1900;  again  chairman  of  the  Democratic 
national  committee;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the 
Forty-seventh  and  Forty-eighth  Congresses  (March 

4,  1881-March  3,  1885);  elected  as  a  Democrat  to 
the  United  States  Senate  in  1885;  reelected  in  1890 
and  1897,  and  served  from  March  4,  1885,  until 
March  3,    1903;  pursued  the  practice  of  law  in 
Washington,  D.  C.,  and  died  there  June  1,  1908. 

Jones,  James  Taylor,  a  Representative  from 
Alabama;  born  in  Richmond,  Va.,  in  1832;  moved 
to  Marengo  county,  Ala.;  pursued  classical  studies, 
and  was  graduated  from  Princeton  college  in  1852, 
and  from  the  law  school  of  the  University  of  Vir- 
ginia in  1855;  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1856;  enlisted 
in  the  Confederate  army  as  a  private  in  the  fourth 
Alabama  regiment;  delegate  in  the  Alabama  state 
constitutional  convention  of  1865;  member  of  the 
state  senate  1872-1873;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to 
the  Forty-fifth  Congress  (March  4,  1877-March  3, 
1879);  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Forty -eighth 
Congress,  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  death  of 
Thomas  H.  Herndon;  reelected  to  the  Forty-ninth 


and  Fiftieth  Congresses,  and  served  from  December 
3,  1883,  to  March  3,  1889;  resumed  the  practice  of 
law  in  Demopolis,  Ala.;  circuit  judge  of  the  first 
judicial  circuit  of  Alabama  1889  until  his  death  in 
Demopolis,  Ala.,  February  15,  1895. 

Jones,  John  Glancy,  a  Representative  from 
Pennsylvania;  born  in  Caernarvon  township,  Berks 
county,  Pa.,  October  7,  1811;  attended  Kenyon 
college;  studied  theology  and  was  ordained  to  the 
ministry  of  the  Episcopal  church  in  1833;  studied 
law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced 
practice  in  Easton,  Pa.,  in  1842;  district  attorney 
for  Berks  county,  1847-1849;  elected  as  a  Demo- 
crat to  the  Thirty -second  Congress  (March  4,  1851- 
March  3,  1853);  reelected  to  the  Thirty-third  Con- 
gress, to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  the  death  of  Henry 
A.  Muhlenbcrg;  reelected  to  the  Thirty-fourth  and 
Thirty-fifth  Congresses,  and  served  from  February 
13,  1854,  until  October  30,  1858,  when  he  resigned; 
declined  the  position  of  United  States  minister  to 
Berlin,  tendered  in  1857;  presidential  elector  in 
1856;  appointed  minister  to  Austria  by  President 
Buchanan  December  7,  1858,  and  served  from  De- 
'cember  15,  1858,  to  November  14,  1861;  died  in 
Reading,  Pa.,  March  24,  1877. 

Jones,  John  J.,  a  Representative  from  Georgia; 
born  in  Burke  county,  Ga.,  November  13,  1824; 
was  graduated  from  Emory  college;  studied  law, 
was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1848,  and  practiced  in 
Waynesboro,  Ga.;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the 
Thirty-sixth  Congress,  and  served  from  March  4, 
1859,  to  January  23,  1861,  when  he  joined  with  his 
colleagues  in  presenting  a  signed  communication  to 
the  House  of  Representatives  declaring  their  inten- 
tion, and  withdrew. 

Jones,  John  Percival,  a  Senator  from  Nevada; 
born  in  Herefordshire,  England,  in  1829;  emi- 
grated with  his  parents  to  this  country  when  he 
was  less  than  a  year  old,  and  settled  in  the  northern 
part  of  Ohio;  attended  public  schools  in  Cleve- 
land; moved  to  California  and  engaged  in  mining, 
and  in  farming  in  Tuolumne  county;  sheriff  of 
the  county;  member  of  the  state  senate  1863-1867; 
moved  to  Gold  Hill,  Nev.,  in  1868;  engaged 
in  the  development  of  the  mineral  resources  of 
that  state;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  United 
States  Senate  in  1873,  1879,  1885,  1890,  and  1897, 
and  served  from  March  4,  1873,  to  March  3,  1903; 
retired  to  his  home  in  Santa  Monica,  Cal.,  and  dkd 
there  November  29,  1912. 

Jones,  John.  Sills,  a  Representative  from  Ohio; 
born  in  Champaign  county,  Ohio,  February  12, 
1836;  received  a  scientific  training;  was  grad- 
uated from  the  Ohio  Wesleyan  university  in  1855; 
studied  law,  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1857; 
elected  prosecuting  attorney  for  Delaware  county 
1860;  served  as  first  lieutenant  and  captain  in  the 
Union  army  1861-1864;  reenlisted  to  command 
the  one  hundred  and  seventy-fourth  Ohio  in- 
fantry in  September,  1864;  mustered  out  July  7, 
1865;  resumed  the  practice  of  law;  mayor  of  Dela- 
ware in  1866;  again  elected  prosecuting  attorney 
for  Delaware  county  1866-1872;  presidential  elec- 
tor on  the  Republican  ticket  in  1872;  elected  as  a 
Republican  to  the  Forty-fifth  Congress  (March  4, 
1877-March  3,  1879);  member  state  house  of  rep- 
resentatives 1879-1884;  died  in  Delaware,  Ohio, 
April  11,  1903. 

Jones,  John  W.,  a  Representative  from  Georgia; 
born  in  Montgomery  county,  Md.,  April  14,  1806; 
moved  with  hi*  parents  to  Kentucky;  received  a 


BIOGRAPHIES. 


liberal  schooling;  studied  medicine,  and  was  grad- 
uated from  Jefferson  college,  Philadelphia,  Pa.; 
moved  to  Griffin,  Ga.,  and  practiced;  member  of 
the  state  legislature;  elected  as  a  Whig  to  the  Thir- 
tieth Congress  (March  4,  1847-March  3,  1849); 
moved  to  Alabama,  and  engaged  in  planting; 
returned  to  Georgia,  where  he  was  appointed  a 
professor  in  the  state  medical  college;  died  in 
Atlanta,  Ga.,  in  1872. 

Jones,  John  Winston,  a  Representative  from 
Virginia;  born  in  Chesterfield,  Va.,  November  22, 
1791;  was  graduated  from  William  and  Mary  col- 
lege in  1803;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Twenty- 
fourth,  and  to  the  four  succeeding  Congresses 
(March  4, 1835-March  3, 1845) ;  Speaker  of  the  House 
of  Representatives  in  the  Twenty-eighth  Congress; 
declined  a  reelection;  died  in  Petersburg,  Va., 
January  29,  1848. 

Jbnes,  Joseph,  a  Delegate  from  Virginia;  born 
in  Virginia  in  1727;  member  of  the  Virginia  house 
of  burgesses,  of  the  committee  of  safety  of  1775,  and 
of  the  Virginia  convention  of  1776;  Delegate  in  the 
Continental  Congress  1777-1778  and  1780-1783; 
appointed  judge  of  the  general  court  January  23, 
1778,  but  resigned  in  October,  1779;  reappointed 
November  19,  1789;  member  of  the  convention  of 
1788,  and  a  major  general  of  Virginia  militia;  died 
in  King  George  county,  Va.,  October  28,  1805. 

Jones,  Morgan,  a  Representative  from  New 
York;  born  in  New  York  City,  February  26,  1832; 
received  a  liberal  schooling;  member  of  the  city 
council  1858-1862;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the 
Thirty-ninth  Congress  (March  4,  1865-March  3, 
1867). 

Jones,  Nathaniel,  a  Representative  from  New 
York;  born  in  Warwick,  Orange  county  N.  Y.,  Feb- 
ruary 17, 1788;  moveo.  to  Newburgh,  N.  Y.,  in  1841; 
completed  preparatory  studies  and  later  taught 
school;  member  of  the  state  house  of  representatives 
1827-1828;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Twenty- 
fifth  and  Twenty-sixth  Congresses  (March  4,  1837- 
March  3,  1841) ;  surveyor  general  of  New  York  from 
February,  1842  to  November,  1844;  state  canal  com- 
missioner 1844-1847;  member  of  the  state  senate 
1852-1853;  died  in  Newburgh,  N.  Y.,  July  20,  1866. 

Jones,  Noble  Wymberly,  a  Delegate  from 
Georgia;  born  near  London,  England,  in  1732; 
emigrated  with  his  parents  to  the  United  States  and 
located  in  Savannah,  Ga.;  studied  medicine  and 
practiced  in  Savannah  1756-1774;  member  of  the 
colonial  assembly  and  of  the  state  house  of  repre- 
sentatives, and  its  speaker  1768-1770;  Delegate 
in  the  Continental  Congress  1775-1776;  removed 
to  Charleston,  S.  C.,  in  1778;  captured  at  the  fall 
of  Charleston  in  1780  and  imprisoned  at  St.  Augus- 
tine, Fla.;  exchanged  in  1781;  located  in  Phila- 
delphia, Pa.,  in  1781  and  engaged  in  the  practice 
of  medicine;  again  a  Delegate  to  the  Continental 
Congress,  accredited  to  Georgia,  1781-1783;  re- 
turned to  Savannah,  Ga.,  in  1782;  resumed  pro- 
fessional labors;  and  was  elected  to  the  general 
assembly;  president  of  the  state  constitutional 
convention  in  1795;  died  in  Savannah,  Ga.,  Janu- 
ary 9,  1805. 

Jones,  Owen,  a  Representative  from  Pennsyl- 
vania; born  near  Ardmore,  Montgomery  county, 
Pa.,  December  29,  1819;  attended  public  schools, 
and  was  graduated  from  the  University  of  Penn- 
sylvania; studied  law  in  Philadelphia,  was  ad- 
mitted to  the  bar  of  Montgomery  county,  May  19, 

50346°— S.  Doc.  654,  61-2 49 


1842,  and  practiced;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the 
Thirty-fifth  Congress  (March  4,  1857-March  3, 
1859);  defeated  for  reelection;  participated  in  the 
Civil  war;  raised  a  company  of  cavalry,  company 
B,  first  Pennsylvania  cavalry;  captain  August  5, 
1861;  major  January  3,  1862;  lieutenant  colonel, 
and  colonel  May,  1863;  resumed  the  practice  of 
law;  died  near  Ardmore,  Pa.,  December  25,  1878. 

Jones,  Phineas,  a  Representative  from  New 
Jersey;  born  at  Spencer,  Worcester  county,  Mass., 
April  18,  1819;  attended  the  common  schools; 
moved  to  Elizabethport,  N.  J.,  in  1855;  two  years 
a  member  of  the  city  council  of  Elizabethport; 
moved  to  Newark  in  1860;  engaged  in  manufactur- 
ing, and  in  mercantile  business;  vice  president  of 
the  New  Jersey  state  agricultural  society;  member 
of  the  state  house  of  representatives  1874-1875; 
elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Forty-seventh  Con- 
gress (March  4,  1881-March  3,  1883);  died  in  New- 
ark, N.  J.,  April  19, 1884. 

Jones,  Roland,  a  Representative  from  Louisi- 
ana; native  of  North  Carolina;  moved  to  Shreve- 
port,  La.;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Thirty- 
third  Congress  (March  4,  1853-March  3,  1855). 

Jones,  Seaborn,  a  Representative  from  Georgia; 
born  in  Augusta,  Ga.,  February  1,  1788;  attended 
Princeton  college;  studied  law,  and,  by  a  special 
act  of  legislature,  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1808; 
commenced  practice  in  Milledgeville,  Ga.;  ap- 
pointed solicitor  general  of  the  Ocmulgee  circuit 
in  September,  1817 ;  solicitor  general  of  Georgia  in 
1823;  one  of  the  commissioners  appointed  to  inves- 
tigate the  office  of  agent  for  Indian  affairs  and  the 
disturbances  in  the  Creek  nation;  moved  to  Col- 
umbus, Ga.,  in  1827;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the 
Twenty-third  Congress  (March  4,  1833-March  3, 
1835);  reelected  to  the  Twenty-ninth  Congress 
(March  4,  1845-March  3,  1847);  died  in  Columbus, 
Ga.,  March  18,  1864. 

Jones,  Thomas  Laurens,  a  Representative 
from  Kentucky;  born  in  Rutherford  county.  N.  C., 
January  22,  1819;  was  graduated  from  Princeton 
college,  and  from  the  law  department  of  Harvard 
university;  admitted  to  the  bar  in  Charleston, 
S.  C.,  in  1846,  and  commenced  practice  in  New  York 
City  in  1847;  moved  to  Newport,  Ky.:  member  of 
the  general  assembly  1853-1854;  elected  as  a  Demo- 
crat to  the  Fortieth  and  Forty-first  Congresses 
(March  4,  1869-March  3,  1871);  reelected  to  the 
Fortv-fourth  Congress  (March  4,  1875-March  3, 
1877);  died  in  Newport,  Ky.,  July  20, 1887. 

Jones,  Walter,  a  Representative  from  Virginia; 
born  in  Williamsburg,  ya.,  December  18,  1745; 
was  graduated  from  William  and  Mary  college  in 
1760;  studied  medicine  in  Edinburgh,  Scotland, 
and  received  the  degree  of  doctor  of  medicine  in 
1770;  returned  to  Virginia  and  located  in  Northum- 
berland county;  physician  general  of  the  middle 
military  department  1777;  elected  as  a  Democrat 
to  the  Fifth  Congress  (March  4,  1797-March  3. 
1799);  reelected  to  the  Eighth,  Ninth,  Tenth,  and 
Eleventh  Congresses  (March  4,  1803-March  3, 
1811);  died  in  Westmoreland  county,  Va.,  Decem- 
ber 31,  1815. 

Jones,  Wesley  Livsey,  a  Representative  and  a 
Senator  from  Washington ;  born  near  Bethany,  111 . , 
October  9,  1863;  was  graduated  from  Southern  Illi- 
nois college  in  Enfield  in  1885 ;  studied  law,  and  was 
admitted  to  the  bar  in  1886;  moved  to  North 
Yakima,  Wash.,  in  1889,  and  engaged  in  the  prac- 


770 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 


tice  of  law;  elected  as  a  Republican,  and  from  the 
state  at  large,  to  the  Fifty-sixth,  and  to  the  four  suc- 
ceeding Congresses  (March  4,  1899-March  3,  1909); 
elected  to  the  United  States  Senate  for  the  term 
expiring  March  3,  1915. 

Jones,  William,  a  Representative  from  Penn- 
sylvania; born  in  Philadelphia,  Pa.,  in  1760;  com- 
pleted academic  studies;  served  in  the  Revolu- 
tionary war  in  a  company  of  volunteers  and  partici- 
pated in  the  battles  of  Trenton  and  Princeton;  en- 
tered the  Continental  naval  service  under  Commo- 
dore Truxton,  and  served  with  the  James  River 
flotilla;  was  twice  wounded  and  twice  taken  pris- 
oner; moved  to  Charleston,  S.  C.;  returned  to 
Pennsylvania;  elected  aa  a  Democrat  to  the  Sev- 
enth Congress  (March  4,  1801-March  3,  1803);  ap- 
pointed Secretary  of  the  Navy  by  President  Madi- 
son, and  served  from  January  12, 1813,  to  December 
2, 1814;  president  of  the  bank  of  the  United  States; 
collector  of  customs  in  Philadelphia,  Pa.;  died  in 
Bethlehem,  Pa.,  September  5,  1831. 

Jones,  William  Atkinson,  a  Representative 
from  Virginia;  born  in  Warsaw,  Va.,  March  21, 
1849;  entered  the  Virginia  military  institute  in 
1864,  and  served  in  the  defense  of  Richmond,  Va., 
until  its  evacuation;  attended  Coleman's  school  in 
Fredericksburg,  and  was  graduated  from  the  law 
department  of  the  University  of  Virginia  in  1870; 
admitted  to  the  bar  in  July,  1870,  and  commenced 
practice  in  Warsaw,  Va. ;  commonwealth  attorney 
tor  several  years;  delegate  in  the  Democratic  na- 
tional conventions  of  1880, 1896,  and  1900;  elected 
as  a  Democrat  to  the*  Fifty-second,  and  to  the  nine 
succeeding  Congresses  (March  4,  1891-March  3, 
1911).  Reelected  to  the  Sixty-second  Congress. 

Jones,  William  Carey,  a  Representative  from 
Washington;  born  in  Remsen,  Oneida  county, 
N.  Y.,  April  5,  1855;  attended  the  public  schools, 
the  seminary  in  West  Salem,  Wis.,  and  the  law 
department  of  the  University  of  Wisconsin;  was 
admitted  to  the  bar  in  Madelia,  Minn.,  in  1876  and 
practiced;  city  attorney  several  terms;  moved  to 
Washington  Territory;  elected  district  attorney  for 
the  twelfth  district  of  the  Territory  of  Washington 
in  1886  and  1888;  elected  attorney  general  of  the 
state  upon  the  admission  of  the  state  into  the  union 
in  1889,  and  again  in  1892;  elected  as  a  Free  Silver 
Republican  to  the  Fifty-fifth  Congress  (March  4, 
1897-March  3,  1899);  resumed  the  practice  of  law 
in  Spokane,  Wash. 

Jones,  William  Theopilus,  a  Delegate  from 
Wyoming;  born  in  Corydon,  Ind.,  February  20, 
1842;  received  a  liberal  schooling;  studied  law  and 
was  admitted  to  the  bar;  served  in  the  Union  army 
as  major  of  the  seventeenth  Indiana  volunteers; 


as  a  Republican  to  the  Forty-second  Congress 
(March  4,  1871-March  3,  1873);  died  in  Corydon, 
Ind.,  October  6,  1882. 

Jones,  Willie,  a  Delegate  from  North  Carolina; 
born  in  Halifax  county,  N.  C.,  in  1731;  attended 
Eton  college,  England;  president  of  the  North  Car- 
olina committee  of  safety  in  1775,  and  ex  ofBcio  first 
governor  of  the  new  state;  member  of  the  first  con- 
stitutional convention  in  1776;  member  of  the 
house  of  commons  of  North  Carolina  1776-1778; 
Delegate  in  the  Continental  Congress  1780-1781; 
elected  to  the  United  States  constitutional  conven- 
tion in  1787,  but  declined;  member  of  the  state 


constitutional  convention  called  to  ratify  the  Con- 
stitution of  the  United  States  July  21,  1788;  died 
near  Raleigh,  N.  C.,  June  18,  1801. 

Jordan,  Isaac  M.,  a  Representative  from  Ohio; 
born  in  Mifflinsburg,  Union  county,  Pa.,  May  5, 
1835;  attended  a  preparatory  school  in  North  wood, 
Ohio;  was  graduated  from  Miami  university,  Ox- 
ford, Ohio,  July,  1857;  studied  law  and  was  admit- 
ted to  the  bar  in  May,  1858;  elected  as  a  Democrat 
to  the  Forty-eighth  Congress  (Mar  4, 1883-March  3, 
1885);  declined  renomination;  enaged  in  the  prac- 
tice of  law  in  Cincinnati;  died  from  injuries  re- 
ceived in  an  elevator  accident  in  Cincinnati,  Ohio, 
December  3,  1890. 

Jorden,  Edwin  J.,  a  Representative  from 
Pennsylvania;  elected  to  the  Fifty-third  Congress, 
to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  the  death  of  Myron  B. 
Wright;  took  his  seat  February  23, 1895,  and  served 
until  March  4,  1895. 

Jorgensen,  Joseph,  a  Representative  from 
Virginia;  born  in  Philadelphia,  Pa.,  February  11, 
1844;  was  graduated  from  the  medical  department 
of  the  University  of  Pennsylvania;  cadet  surgeon, 
United  States  army,  March  17,  1864-March  23, 
1865;  acting  assistant  surgeon  April  10,  1865-Sep- 
tember  10,  1865,  and  June  5,  1867-February  21, 
1870j  elected  to  the  house  of  representatives  of 
Virginia  1871 ;  appointed  postmaster  of  Petersburg; 
elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Forty-fifth,  Forty- 
sixth,  and  Forty-seventh  Congresses  (March  4, 
1877-March  3, 1883);  appointed  register  of  the  land 
office  at  Walla  Walla,  Wash.  Ter.,  by  President  Ar- 
thur February  27,  1883,  and  served  until  removed 
by  President  Cleveland  in  1886;  delegate  in  the 
Republican  national  convention  of  1880;  died  in 
Portland,  Oreg.,  January  21,  1888. 

Joseph,  Antonio,  a  Representative  from  New 
Mexico;  born  in  Taos,  N.  Mex.,  August  25,  1846; 
attended  Lux's  academy  in  Taos  and  Bishop 
Lammy's  school  in  Santa  Fe,  N.  Mex.,  for  two 
years;  also  attended  Webster  college,  in  St.  Louis 
county,  Mo.,  for  four  years;  completed  a  commer- 
cial course  at  Bryant  &  Stratton's  commercial  col- 
lege, St.  Louis,  Mo.;  engaged  in  mercantile  pur- 
suits; county  judge  of  Taos  county,  N.  Mex.;  mem- 
ber of  the  territorial  legislature ;  elected  to  the  terri- 
torial senate,  and  its  president;  elected  as  a  Demo- 
crat to  the  Forty-ninth,  Fiftieth,  Fifty-first,  Fifty- 
second,  and  Fifty-third  Congresses  (March  4,  1885- 
March  3,  1895);  died  in  Ojo  Calienta,  N.  Mex., 
April  18,  1910. 

Joy,  Charles  Frederick,  a  Representative  from 
Missouri;  born  in  Morgan  county,  111.,  December 
11,  1849;  attended  the  public  schools;  was  gradu- 
ated from  the  academic  department  of  Yale  college 
in  1874;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and 
engaged  in  practice  in  St.  Louis,  Mo.,  in  1876; 
elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Fifty-third,  Fifty- 
fourth,  Fifty-fifth,  Fifty-sixth,  and  Fifty-seventh 
Congresses  (March  4,  1893-March  3,  1903);  resumed 
the  practice  of  law  in  St.  Louis;  elected  recorder  of 
deeds  in  1906  and  in  1910. 

Joyce,  Charles  Herbert,  a  Representative 
from  Vermont;  born  near  Andover,  England,  Janu- 
ary 30, 1830;  emigrated  to  the  United  States  in  1836 
and  settled  in  Waitsfield,  Vt.;  attended  Nprthfield 
academy  and  Newbury  seminary;  studied  law, 
was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1852,  and  began  practice 
in  Northfield,  Vt.;  two  years  state  librarian;  dis- 
trict attorney  for  Washington  county  1857-1858; 


BIOGRAPHIES. 


771 


served  in  the  Union  army  as  major  and  lieutenant 
colonel  of  the  second  Vermont  volunteers;  resumed 
the  practice  of  law  in  Rutland,  Vt. ;  member  of  the 
state  house  of  representatives  in  1869,  1870,  and 
1871;  speaker  in  1870  and  1871;  elected  as  a  Re- 
publican to  the  Forty-fourth,  Forty-fifth,  Forty- 
sixth,  and  Forty-seventh  Congresses  (March  4, 
1875-March  3,  1883);  •  resumed  the  practice  of  law 
in  Rutland,  Vt.;  retired  resident  of  Pittsfield,  Vt. 

Joyce,  James,  a  Representative  from  Ohio; 
born  in  Cumberland,  Guernsey  County,  Ohio,  July 
2,  1870;  taught  school  and  studied  law;  entered  the 
senior  class  of  the  Cincinnati  law  school  in  1891,  and 
was  admitted  to  the  bar  March  3,  1892,  at  Colum- 
bus; was  superintendent  of  schools  1893-1894,  and 
1894-1895;  began  active  practice  of  the  law  in  Cam- 
bridge, Ohio,  in  1895;  member  of  the  house  of  rep- 
resentatives, general  assembly  of  Ohio  in  1895;  re- 
elected  in  1897;  delegate  in  the  Republican  na- 
tional convention  in  Chicago  in  1904;  elected  as  a 
Republican  to  the  Sixty -first  Congress  (March  4, 
1909-March  3,  1911);  resumed  the  practice  of  law 
in  Cambridge,  Ohio. 

Judd,  Norman  Buel,  a  Representative  from 
Illinois;  born  in  Rome,  N.  Y.,  January  10,  1815; 
received  a  liberal  schooling;  studied  law  and  was 
admitted  to  the  bar;  moved  to  Chicago,  111.,  in 
1836;  city  attorney  1837-1839;  served  sixteen 
years  in  the  Illinois  state  senate,  1844-1860;  mem- 
ber Republican  national  convention  of  1860;  ap- 
pointea  minister  plenipotentiary  to  Berlin  by 
r resident  Lincoln  March  6,  1861,  and  served  until 
1865 ;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Fortieth  and 
Forty-first  Congresses  (March  4,  1867-March  3, 
1871);  appointed  collector  at  the  port  of  Chicago 
by  President  Grant  December  5,  1872,  and  served 
until  his  death  in  Chicago,  111.,  November  10,  1878. 

Judson,  Andrew  Thompson,  a  Representative 
from  Connecticut;  born  in  Eastford,  Conn.,  No- 
vember 29,  1784;  received  a  limited  schooling; 
studied  law  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1806; 
moved  to  Montpelier,  Vt.,  where  he  began  practice; 
returned  to  Connecticut  and  settled  in  Canterbury 
in  1809;  state  attorney  for  Windham  county  1819- 
1833 ;  served  several  years  in  the  state  house  of  rep- 
resentatives; elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Twenty- 
fourth  Congress  and  served  from  March  4,  1835, 
until  July  4,  1836,  when  he  resigned;  appointed  by 
President  Jackson  United  States  judge  tor  the  dis- 
trict of  Connecticut  June  28,  1836,  and  served  until 
his  death  in  Canterbury,  Conn.,  March  17,  1853. 

Julian,  George  Washington,  a  Representative 
from  Indiana;  born  near  Centerville,  Ind.,  May  5, 
1817;  attended  the  common  schools;  studied  law 
and  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1840;  member  of  the 
state  house  of  representatives  in  1845;  delegate  in 
the  Buffalo  Free  Soil  convention,  and  Van  Buren 
elector  in  1848;  candidate  for  vice  president  on  the 
Free  Soil  ticket  in  1852;  delegate  in  the  national 
Republican  convention  in  Pittsburgh  in  1856; 
elected  as  a  Free  Soiler  to  the  Thirty-first  Congress 
(March  4, 1849-March  3, 1851);  elected  as  a  Repub- 
lican to  the  Thirty -seventh,  Thirty-eighth,  Thirty- 
ninth,  Fortieth,  and  Forty-first  Congresses  (March 
4,  1861-March  3,  1871);  appointed  by  President 
Cleveland  surveyor  general  of  New  Mexico  Decem- 
ber 13,  1886,  and  served  four  years;  died  in  Irving- 
ton,  a  suburb  of  Indianapolis,  Ind.,  July  7,  1899. 

Junkin,  Benjamin  P.,  a  Representative  from 
Pennsylvania;  born  in  Cumberland  county,  Pa., 
November  12,  1822;  was  graduated  from  Fayette 


college;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in 
1844,  and  commenced  practice  in  Bloomfield,  Pa.; 
district  attorney  for  Perry  county  1850-1853; 
elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Thirty-sixth  Con- 
gress (March  4,  1859-March  3,  1861);  defeated  for 
reelection;  resumed  the  practice  of  law  in  Bloom- 
field,  Pa. 

Kahn,  Julius,  a  Representative  from  California; 
born  in  Kuppenheim,  Grand  Duchy  of  Baden, 
Germany,  February  28,  1861;  came  to  California 
with  his  parents  in  1866;  attended  the  public 
schools  of  San  Francisco;  followed  the  theatrical 
profession  for  ten  years,  playing  with  Edwin  Booth, 
Joseph  Jefferson,  Tomassq  Salvini,  Mr.  and  Mrs. 
W.  J.  Florence,  Clara  Morris,  and  other  well-known 
stars;  returned  to  San  Francisco  in  1890;  studied 
law;  elected  to  the  state  house  of  representatives 
in  1892;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  by  the  supreme 
court  of  California  in  January,  1894;, elected  as  a 
Republican  to  the  Fifty-sixth  and  Fifty-seventh 
Congresses  (March  4,  1899-March  3,  1903);  re- 
elected  to  the  Fifty-ninth,  Sixtieth,  and  Sixty- 
first  Congresses  (March  4,  1905-March  3,  1911). 
Reelected  to  the  Sixty-second  Congress. 

Kalanianaole,  Jonah  KuMo,  a  Delegate  from 
Hawaii;  born  in  Koloa,  island  of  Kauai,  Hawaii, 
March  26,  1871;  attended  schools  in  Honolulu, 
the  United  States,  and  England*;  capitalist;  em- 
ployed in  the  office  of  minister  of  the  interior  and 
in  the  customhouse  under  the  monarchy;  created 
prince  by  royal  proclamation  in  1884;  elected  as 
a  Republican  to  the  Fifty-eighth,  Fifty :ninth, 
Sixtieth,  and  Sixty-first  Congresses  (March  4, 1903- 
March  3,  1911).  Reelected  to  the  Sixty-second  Con- 
gress. 

Kalbneisch,  Martin,  a  Representative  from 
New  York;  born  in  Flushing,  Holland,  February 
8,  1804;  attended  the  public  schools;  studied 
chemistry;  emigrated  to  New  York  City  in  1826, 
and  engaged  in  manufacturing;  health  warden  in 
1832;  and  school  trustee  in  1836;  established  a 
chemical  factory  in  Greenpoint,  N.  Y.,  in  1844; 
supervisor  of  Bush  wick  1852-1854;  alderman  in 
Brooklyn  1855-1861;  mayor  1862-1864  and  1868- 
1870;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Thirty-eighth 
Congress  (March  4,  1863-March  3,  1865);  delegate 
in  the  Union  national  convention  of  1866;  again 
mayor  of  Brooklyn  1867-1871,  and  defeated  as  an 
independent  candidate  for  reelection;  died  in 
Brooklyn,  N.  Y.,  February  12,  1873. 

Kane,  Elias  Kent,  a  Senator  from  Illinois;  born 
in  New  York  City,  June  7,  1796;  attended  the  pub- 
lic schools;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar, 
and  commenced  practice  in  Nashville,  Tenn.; 
moved  to  Kaskaskia,  111.,  in  1815;  delegate  in 
the  state  constitutional  convention  of  1818;  first 
secretary  of  state  of  Illinois;  member  of  the  state 
house  of  representatives;  elected  as  a  Democrat 
to  the  United  States  Senate  in  1825;  reelected  in 
1831,  and  served  from  March  4,  1825,  until  his 
death  in  Washington,  D.  C.,  December  11,  1835; 
interment  in  family  cemetery  on  old  Kane  farm 
near  Fort  Gage,  111. 

Kane,  Nicholas  T.,  a  Representative  from 
New  York;  a  resident  of  Albany,  N.  Y.;  elected 
to  the  Fiftieth  Congress,  and  served  from  March  4, 
1887,  until  his  death  in  Albany,  N.  Y.,  September 
14,  1887,  before  the  assembling  of  the  Congress. 

Kasson,  John  Adam,  a  Representative  from 
Iowa;  born  in  Charlotte,  Vt.,  January  11,  1822; 
was  graduated  from  the  University  of  Vermont 


772 


CONGRESSIONAL   DIRECTORY. 


in  1842;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and 
practiced  in  St.  Louis,  Mo.,  until  1857;  moved  to 
Des  Moines,  Iowa,  and  continued  in  practice; 
delegate  in  the  Republican  national  convention 
of  1860;  first  assistant  postmaster  general  in  Presi- 
dent Lincoln's  administration  in  1861,  and  re- 
signed in  1862;  United  States  commissioner  to 
the  International  postal  congress  in  Paris  in  1863 ; 
elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Thirty-eighth  and 
Thirty-ninth  Congresses  (March  4,  1863-March  3, 
1867);  commissioner  from  the  United  States  in 
1867  to  negotiate  postal  conventions  with  Great 
Britain,  France,  Belgium,  Holland,  Germany, 
Switzerland,  and  Italy;  member  of  the  state 
house  of  representatives  1868-1872;  reelected  as 
a  Republican  to  the  Forty-third  and  Forty-fourth 
Congresses  (March  4,  1873-March  3,  1877);  ap- 
pointed by  President  Hayes  envoy  and  minister 
of  the  United  States  to  Austria-Hungary  October 
17,  1877;  confirmed  by  the  Senate  October  30, 
1877,  and  served  until  1881;  again  elected  as  a 
Republican  to  the  Forty-seventh  and  Forty- 
eighth  Congresses;  and  served  from  March  4,  1881, 
until  his  resignation,  July  13,  1884;  appointed  by 
President  Arthur  envoy  and  minister  to  Germany 
July  4,  1884;  confirmed  the  same  day,1  and  served 
one  year;  special  envoy  to  the  Congo  interna- 
tional conference  in  Berlin  in  1885;  and  to  the 
Samoan  international  conference  in  1889;  United 
States  special  commissioner  plenipotentiary  to 
negotiate  reciprocity  treaties  in  1897;  member  of 
the  United  States  and  British  joint  high  com- 
mission which  met  in  Quebec  in  1898,  to  adjust 
Canadian  questions;  died  in  Washington,  D.  C., 
May  19,  1910;  interment  in  Des  Moines,  Iowa. 

Kaufman,  David  Spangler,  a  Representative 
from  Texas;  born  in  Boiling  Springs,  Pa.,  Decem- 
ber 18,  1813;  pursued  classical  studies,  and  was 
graduated  from  Princeton  college  in  1833;  studied 
law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  Natchez,  Miss., 
and  commenced  practice  in  Natchitoches,  La.; 
moved  to  Nacogdoches,  Tex.,  in  1837;  served 
against  the  Indians;  representative  in  the  Texas 
congress  1839-1843;  senator  1843-1845;  appointed 
charge1  d'affaires  of  Texas  to  the  United  States  in 
1845;  moved  to  Lowes  Ferry,  Tex.;  elected  as  a 
Democrat  to  the  Twenty-ninth  Congress,  and 
served  from  June  1,  1846,  to  March  3,  1847;  located 
in  Sabine,  Tex.,  and  reelected  to  the  Thirtieth 
and  Thirty-first  Congresses,  and  served  until  his 
death  in  Washington,  D.  C.,  January  31,  1851. 

Kavanagh,  Edward,  a  Representative  from 
Maine;  born  in  Newcastle,  Me.,  April  27,  1795; 
attended  Georgetown  college,  D.  C.,  and  was 
graduated  from  the  Montreal  seminary  in  1820; 
studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  com- 
menced practice  in  Damariscotta,  Me. ;  member  of 
the  state  house  of  representatives  1826-1828; 
secretary  of  the  state  senate  in  1830;  state  senator 
and  president  of  the  senate  1842-1843;  elected  as 
a  Democrat  to  the  Twenty-second  and  Twenty- 
third  Congresses  (March  4,  1831-March  3,  1835); 
defeated  for  the  Twenty-fourth  Congress;  ap- 
pointed by  President  Jackson  charg6  d'affaires  to 
Portugal  March  3,  1835,  and  served  until  1841; 
one  of  the  joint  commission  on  the  Northeastern 
boundary  in  1842;  acting  governor  of  Maine  1843- 
1844;  died  in  New  Castle,  Me.,  January  21,  1844. 

Kean,  John,  a  Delegate  from  South  Carolina; 
born  in  South  Carolina  about  1766;  served  in  the 
Continental  army;  taken  prisoner  at  the  capture 
of  Charleston  in  1780  by  General  Clinton  and  was 


confined  aboard  a  prison  ship  several  months; 
member  of  the  commission  to  settle  accounts  be- 
tween the  United  States  and  the  individual 
States;  Delegate  in  the  Continental  Congress  1785- 
1787 ;  cashier  of  the  Bank  of  the  United  States  in 
Philadelphia,  Pa.;  died  in  Philadelphia,  Pa.,  in 
May,  1795. 

Kean,  John,  a  Representative  and  a  Senator 
from  New  Jersey;  born  in  Ursino,  near  Elizabeth, 
N.  J.,  December  4,  1852;  studied  in  private  schools 
and  entered  Yale  college,  class  of  1876,  but  did 
not  graduate;  studied  law,  was  graduated  from 
the  Columbia  law  school,  New  York  City,  in  1875, 
and  was  admitted  to  the  New  Jersey  bar  in  1877; 
and  began  practice  in  Elizabeth,  N.  J.;  engaged 
in  banking  and  other  business;  elected  as  a  Re- 
publican to  the  Forty-eighth  Congress  (March  4, 
1883-March  3,  1885);  defeated  for  the  Forty-ninth 
Congress;  reelected  to  the  Fiftieth  Congress  (March 

4,  1887-March  3,    1889);  elected  to  the  United 
States  Senate  in  1899  and  1905,  and  served  from 
March  4,  1899,  to  March  3,  1911;  engaged  in  bank- 
ing in  Elizabeth,  N.  J. 

Kearney,  Dyre,  a  Delegate  from  Delaware; 
sat  in  the  Continental  Congress  1786-1788. 

Kearns,  Thomas,  a  Senator  from  Utah;  born 
near  Woodstock,  Ontario,  April  11,  1862;  attended 
public  schools;  moved  with  his  parents  to  Holt 
county,  Nebr.,  and  engaged  in  the  business  of 
freighter;  moved  to  Salt  Lake  City,  and  afterwards 
to  Park  City,  Utah;  member  of  the  city  council 
of  Park  City  in  1895,  and  of  the  constitutional 
convention  of  the  same  year;  delegate  in  the 
Republican  national  convention  of  1896,  and 
the  Philadelphia  convention  of  1900;  elected  as  a 
Republican  to  the  United  States  Senate  for  the 
term  commencing  March  4,  1899,  and  served  from 
January  23,  1901,  to  March  3,  1905;  resumed 
mining  in  Utah  and  Colorado,  and  a  resident  of 
Salt  Lake  City,  Utah. 

Keese,  Richard,  a  Representative  from  New 
York;  born  in  Peru,  N.  Y.,  November  23,  1794; 
attended  the  common  schools;  founded  Keese- 
ville,  N.  Y.;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Twen- 
tieth Congress  (March  4,  1827-March  3,  1829);  died 
February  9,  1883. 

Kehoe,  James  Nicholas,  a  Representative 
from  Kentucky;  born  in  Maysville,  Ky.,  July  15, 
1862;  attended  public  and  private  schools;  engaged 
in  the  printing  business  until  1884;  studied  law 
in  Louisville,  Ky.,  was  admitted  to  the  bar  No- 
vember 1,  1888,  and  engaged  in  practice  in  Mays- 
ville; served  as  precinct,  county,  and  district 
chairman  of  the  Democrat  executive  committee; 
city  attorney  of  Maysville;  master  in  chancery 
of  the  Mason  county  circuit  court;  elected  as  a 
Democrat  to  the  Fifty-seventh  and  Fifty-eighth 
Congresses  (March  4,  1901-March  3,  1905);  resi- 
dent of  Maysville,  Ky.,  and  connected  with 
banks  and  other  corporations. 

Kehr,  Edward  Charles,  a  Representative 
from  Missouri;  born  in  St.  Louis,  Mo.,  November 

5,  1837;  pursued  an  academic  course;  studied  law, 
was  admitted  to  the  bar  February  18,  1858,  and 
commenced  practice  in  St.  Louis;  elected  as  a 
Democrat  to  the  Forty-fourth  Congress  (March  4, 
1875-March  3,  1879);  defeated  for  the  Forty-fifth 
Congress. 

Keif er,  Joseph  Warren,  a  Representative  from 
Ohio;  born  in  Bethel  township,  Clark  county,  Ohio, 


BIOGRAPHIES. 


773 


January  30, 1836  j  attended  the  common  schools  and 
Antioch  college,  Ohio;  studied  law,  was  admitted 
to  the  bar,  and  began  practice  in  Springfield,  Ohio, 
in  1858;  enlisted  in  the  Union  army  April  19,  1861; 
commissioned  major  of  the  third  Ohio  volunteer 
infantry  April  27,  1861;  lieutenant  colonel  Febru- 
ary 12,  1862;  colonel  of  the  one  hundred  and  tenth 
Ohio  volunteer  infantry  September  30, 1862;  brevet 
brigadier  general  of  volunteers  October  19,  1864, 
"for  gallant  and  meritorious  services  in  the  battles 
of  Opequon,  Fishers  Hill,  and  Cedar  Creek,  Vir- 
ginia;" major  general  April  9,  1865,  "for  gallant 
and  distinguished  services  during  the  campaign 
ending  in  the  surrender  of  the  insurgent  army  under 
General  Robert  E.  Lee;"  mustered  out  June  12, 
1865;  severely  wounded  in  the  battle  of  the  Wilder- 
ness, May  5,  1864;  member  of  the  Ohio  state  senate 
1868-1869;  trustee  of  the  Ohio  soldiers'  and  sailors' 
orphans  home  from  April  16,  1870,  to  March  5, 1878, 
and  again  in  1903-1904;  trustee  of  Antioch  college 
since  June  30,  1873;  delegate  in  the  Republican 
national  convention  in  Cincinnati,  June,  1876; 
elected  to  the  Forty-fifth,  Forty-sixth,  Forty-sev- 
enth, and  Forty-eighth  Congresses  (March  4,  1877- 
March  3,  1885);  Speaker  of  the  Forty-seventh  Con- 
gress; major  general  of  volunteers  in  the  Spanish- 
American  war,  June  9,  1898,  to  May  12,  1899;  re- 
elected  to  the  Fifty-ninth,  Sixtieth,  and  Sixty-first 
Congresses  (March  4,  1905-March  3,  1911). 

Keightley,  Edwin  William,  a  Representative 
from  Michigan;  born  in  Van  Buren,  Lagrange 
county,  Ind.,  August  7, 1843 ;  attended  the  common 
schools  and  Valparaiso  collegiate  institute;  was 
graduated  from  the  University  of  Michigan  in  1865; 
commenced  the  practice  of  law  in  St.  Joseph 
county,  Mich.;  county  prosecuting  attorney  1873- 
1874;  appointed  and  elected  judge  of  the  fifteenth 
judicial  circuit  of  Michigan  in  1876;  elected  as  a 
Republican  to  the  Forty-fifth  Congress  (March  4, 
1877-March  3,  1879);  resumed  the  practice  of  law 
and  farming  in  Constantine,  St.  Joseph  county, 
Mich. 

Keim,  George  May,  a  Representative  from 
Pennsylvania;  born  in  Reading,  Pa.,  March  23, 
1805;  pursued  classical  studies;  attended  Princeton 
college;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in 
1826,  and  commenced  practice  in  Reading;  major 
general  of  militia;  delgate  in  the  state  constitu- 
tional convention  of  1837-1838;  elected  as  a  Demo- 
crat to  the  Twenty-fifth  Congress,  to  fill  vacancy 
caused  by  the  resignation  of  Henry  A.  Muhlenberg; 
reelected  to  the  Twenty-sixth  and  Twenty-seventh 
Congresses,  and  served  from  March  17,  1838,  to 
March  3, 1843 ;  appointed  by  President  Tyler  United 
States  marshal  for  the  eastern  district  of  Pennsyl- 
vania December  18,  1843,  and  reappointed  by  Pres- 
ident Polk  January  3,  1848,  and  served  until  1850; 
defeated  as  a  Presidential  elector  on  the  Demo- 
cratic ticket  in  1860;  died  in  Reading,  Pa.,  June 
10,  1861. 

Keim,  William  High,  a  Representative  from 
Pennsylvania;  born  near  Reading,  Pa.,  June  25, 
1813;  attended  Mount  Airy  military  school,  and 
attained  the  rank  of  major  general  of  militia;  mayor 
of  Reading  in  1848;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the 
Thirty-fifth  Congress,  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  the 
resignation  of  J.  Glancy  Jones,  and  served  from 
December  7,  1858,  to  March  3,  1859;  surveyor  gen- 
eral of  Pennsylvania  1860-1862;  enlisted  in  the 
Union  army;  major  general  Pennsylvania  volun- 
teers April  20,  1861;  mustered  out  July  21,  1861; 
brigadier  general  of  volunteers  December  20,  1861; 
died  in  Harrisburg,  Pa.,  May  18,  1862. 


Keitt,  Lawrence  Massillon,  a  Representative 
from  South  Carolina;  born  in  Orangeburg  district, 
S.  C.,  October  4,  1824;  pursued  classical  studies, 
and  was  graduated  from  the  South  Carolina  college 
in  1843;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in 
1845,  and  commenced  practice  in  Orangeburg; 
elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Thirty-third,  Thirty- 
fourth,  Thirty-fifth,  and  Thirty-sixth  Congresses, 
and  served  from  March  4,  1853,  until  December, 
1860,  when  he  withdrew,  having  been  elected  a 
delegate  to  the  secession  convention  of  South  Caro- 
lina; member  of  the  provisional  congress  of  the  Con- 
federacy in  Montgomery,  February,  1861,  and  in 
Richmond  in  July,  1861;  served  as  colonel  in  the 
Confederate  army;  killed  in  the  battle  of  Cold  Har- 
bor, near  Richmond,  Va.,  June  4,  1864;  interment 
in  family  cemetery,  near  St.  Matthews,  S.  C. 

Keliher,  John  Austin,  a  Representative  from 
Massachusetts;  born  in  Boston,  Mass.,  November  6, 
1866;  member  of  the  state  house  of  representatives 
1896-1897;  member  of  the  state  senate  1899-1900; 
elected  to  the  Fifty-eighth,  Fifty-ninth,  Sixtieth, 
and  Sixty-first  Congresses  (March  4,  1903-March  3, 
1911);  a  resident  of  Boston,  Mass.,  and  engaged  in 
the  real  estate  business. 

Kelley,  Harrison,  a  Representative  from  Kan- 
sas; born  in  Montgomery  township,  Wood  county, 
Ohio,  May  12,  1836;  attended  the  common  schools; 
moved  to  Kansas  in  March,  1858;  enlisted  in  the 
fifth  Kansas  cavalry  and  served  through  all  grades 
to  captain;  captain  of  company  B,  fifth  cavalry, 
for  over  two  years;  returned  to  Burlington,  Kans., 
in  1865;  member  of  the  state  house  of  representa- 
tives one  term;  brigadier  general  of  Kansas  state 
militia  in  1865;  director  of  the  state  penitentiary 
1868-1873;  receiver  of  United  States  land  office  in 
Topeka;  deputy  collector  of  internal  revenue; 
chairman  of  live  stock  sanitary  commission  of  the 
state;  treasurer  of  state  board  of  charities;  elected 
as  a  Republican  to  the  Fifty-first  Congress,  to  fill 
vacancy  caused  by  the  resignation  of  Thomas  Ryan, 
and  served  from  December  2,  1889,  until  March  3, 
1891;  died  in  Burlington,  Kans.,  July  24,  1897. 

Kelley,  John  Edward,  a  Representative  from 
South  Dakota;  born  in  Columbia  county,  Wis., 
March  27, 1853;  attended  the  public  schools;  moved 
to  South  Dakota  in  1878;  engaged  in  farming  and 
later  in  the  newspaper  business;  member  of  the 
state  house  of  representatives;  in  1892  nominated 
by  the  People's  Party  for  Congress,  and  again  in 
1894,  but  defeated;  elected  to  the  Fifty-fifth  Con- 
gress (March  4,  1897-March  3,  1899);  returned  to 
Colman,  S.  Dak.,  and  engaged  in  farming. 

Kelley,  William  Darrah,  a  Representative  from 
Pennsylvania;  born  in  Philadelphia,  Pa.,  April  12, 
1814;  pursued  classical  studies;  apprentice  in  a 
jewelry  establishment;  moved  to  Boston  and  was 
engaged  as  journeyman  jeweler;  returned  to  Phila- 
delphia in  1840;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the 
bar  in  1841,  and  practiced;  deputy  prosecuting 
attorney  for  the  city  and  county  of  Philadelphia 
1845-1846;  judge  of  the  court  of  common  pleas  for 
Philadelphia  1846-1856;  delegate  in  the  Repub- 
lican national  convention  of  1860;  elected  to  the 
Thirty-seventh,  and  to  the  fourteen  succeeding 
Congresses,  and  served  from  March  4,  1861,  until 
his  death  in  Washington,  D.  C.,  January  9,  1890; 
interment  in  Philadelphia,  Pa. 

Kellogg,  Charles,  a  Representative  from  New 
York;  born  in  Sheffield,  Mass.,  October  3,  1773; 
attended  the  common  schools;  moved  to  Cayuga 


774 


CONGRESSIONAL   DIRECTORY. 


county,  N.  Y.,  in  1798,  and  founded  Kelloggsville; 
studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  prac- 
ticed; elected  county  judge;  member  of  the  state 
house  of  representatives  1808-1810  and  1820-L822; 
elected  to  the  Nineteenth  Congress  (March  4, 1825- 
March  3,  1827);  died  in  Ann  Arbor,  Mich.,  May  11, 
1842. 

Kellogg,  Francis  William,  a  Representative 
from  Michigan  and  from  Alabama;  born  in  Worth- 
ington,  Mass.,  May  30, 1810;  attended  the  common 
schools;  moved  to  Grand  Rapids,  Mich.,  and  en- 
gaged in  the  lumber  business  in  Kelloggville,  Kent 
county;  member  of  the  state  house  of  representa- 
tives 1857-1858;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the 
Thirty-sixth,  Thirty-seventh  and  Thirty-eighth 
Congresses  (March  4,  1859-March  3,  1865);  ap- 
pointed by  President  Johnson  collector  of  internal 
revenue  for  the  southern  district  of  Alabama  April 
30,  1866;  confirmed  July  26,  1866,  and  served  until 
July,  1868;  moved  to  Mobile,  Ala.;  elected  as  a 
Republican  to  the  Fortieth  Congress  from  Ala- 
bama, and  served  from  July  22,  1868,  to  March  3, 
1869;  located  in  Alliance,  Ohio,  and  died  there 
January  13,  1879. 

Kellogg,  Orlando,  a  Representative  from  New 
York;  born  in  Elizabethtown,  N.  Y.,  June  18, 1809; 
pursued  an  academic  course;  studied  law,  was 
admitted  to  the  bar  in  1838,  and  commenced  prac- 
tice in  Elizabethtown;  surrogate  of  Essex  county 
1840-1844;  elected  as  a  Whig  to  the  Thirtieth  Con- 
gress (March  4,  1847-March  3,  1849);  reelected  to 
the  Thirty-eighth  and  Thirty-ninth  Congresses  and 
served  from  March  4,  1863,  until  his  death  in 
Elizabethtown,  N.  Y.,  August  24,  1865. 

Kellogg,  Stephen  Wright,  a  Representative 
from  Connecticut;  born  in  Shelburne,  Mass.,  April 
5,  1822;  was  graduated  from  Yale  college  in  1846; 
studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  com- 
menced practice  in  Waterbury,  Conn.;  clerk  of  the 
state  senate  in  1851;  elected  to  the  state  senate  in 
1853 ;  member  of  the  state  house  of  representatives 
in  1856;  judge  of  the  New  Haven  county  court  in 
1854,  and  of  the  probate  court  1854-1860  j  dele- 
gate in  the  national  Republican  conventions  of 
1860  and  1868;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the 
Forty-first  and  Forty-second  Congresses  (March  4, 
1869-March  3,  1873);  defeated  for  the  Forty-fourth 
and  Forty-fifth  Congresses;  Republican  presi- 
dential elector  in  1901;  died  in  Waterbury,  Conn., 
January  27,  1904. 

Kellogg,  William,  a  Representative  from  Illi- 
nois; born  in  Ashtabula  county,  Ohio,  July  8,  1814; 
attended  the  public  schools;  studied  law,  was 
admitted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced  practice  in 
Canton,  Ohio;  member  of  the  state  house  of  repre- 
sentatives 1849-1850;  judge  of  the  state  circuit 
court  1852-1855;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the 
Thirty-fifth,  Thirty-sixth,  and  Thirty-seventh 
Congresses  (March  4,  1857-March  3,  1863);  ap- 

Sainted  by  President  Lincoln  minister  resident  to 
uatemala,    April    21,    1864,    but    declined;   ap- 
pointed  by   President  Johnson   chief  justice   of 
Nebraska  Territory  December  20,  1865,  and  served 
two  years;  died  in  Peoria,  111.,  December  20,  1872. 

Kellogg,  William  Pitt,  a  Representative  and 
a  Senator  from  Louisiana;  born  in  Orwell,  Vt., 
December  8,  1830;  attended  Norwich  univer- 
sity, Vermont;  moved  to  Illinois  in  1848;  studied 
law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  Peoria,  111.,  in 
1853,  and  commenced  practice  in  Fulton  county, 


111.;  served  as  presidential  elector  in  I860;  ap- 
pointed by  President  Lincoln  chief  justice  of 
the  supreme  court  of  the  Territory  of  Nebraska 
March  25, 1861;  resigned  and  accepted  the  colonelcy 
of  the  seventh  Illinois  cavalry; -served  under  Gen- 
eral Pope  in  Missouri,  and  commanded  General 
Granger's  cavalry  brigade  until  the  evacuation 
of  Corinth;  appointed  by  President  Lincoln  col- 
lector of  the  port  of  New  Orleans  April  13,  1865, 
and  served  until  July,  1868;  elected  as  a  Repub- 
lican to  the  United  States  Senate,  and  served  from 
July  8,  1868,  until  he  resigned,  November  1, 1872; 

fovernor  of  Louisiana  from  January  5,  1873,  to 
anuary  5,  1877;  again  elected  as  a  Republican 
to  the  United  States  Senate  and  served  from  March 
4,  1877,  to  March  3,  1883;  elected  as  a  Republican 
to  the  Forty-eighth  Congress  (March  4,  1883-March 

3,  1885);  delegate  in  every  Republican  national 
convention  from  1868  to  1896;  retired  and  settled 
in  Washington,  D.  C. 

Kelly,  James,  a  Representative  from  Pennsyl- 
vania; born  in  York  county,  Pa.,  July  17,  1760; 
pursued  classical  studies  and  was  graduated  from 
the  University  of  Pennsylvania;  tutor  at  the  uni- 
versity of  Pennsylvania  1782-1783;  studied  law, 
was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  practiced  in  Phila- 
delphia 1785-1819;  member  of  the  state  legislature 
1793-1794  and  1797-1798;  elected  to  the  Ninth  and 
Tenth  Congresses  (March  4,  1805-March  3,  1809); 
died  in  Philadelphia,  Pa.,  February  4,  1819. 

Kelly,  James  Kerr,  a  Senator  from  Oregon; 
born  in  Centre  county,  Pa.,  February  16,  1819; 
was  graduated  from  Princeton  college  in  1839; 
studied  law  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1842; 
in  1849  went  to  California,  then  to  Oregon  Terri- 
tory in  1851,  and  located  in  Portland;  commis- 
sioner for  the  codification  of  the  territorial  laws 
in  1852;  legislative  councilor  1853-1857;  served  in 
the  Yakima  Indian  war  in  1855-1856;  member  of 
the  state  constitutional  convention  of  1857,  and 
a  framer  of  the  Oregon  constitution;  member  of 
the  state  senate  1860-1864;  appointed  by  President 
Buchanan  in  1860  United  States  district  attorney 
for  Oregon,  but  declined;  elected  as  a  Democrat 
to  the  United  States  Senate  and  served  from  March 

4,  1871,  to  March  3,  1877;  died  in  Washington, 
D.  C.,  September  15,  1903. 

Kelly,  John,  a  Representative  from  New  York; 
born  in  New  York  City,  April  21,  1821;  attended 
the  common  schools;  pursued  the  mason's  trade; 
elected  alderman' in  1854;  elected  as  a  Democrat 
to  the  Thirty-fourth  and  Thirty-fifth  Congresses, 
and  served  from  March  4,  1855,  until  he  resigned 
December  25,  1858;  sheriff  of  the  city  and  county 
of  New  York  1859-1862  and  1865-1867;  defeated 
for  mayor  of  New  York  City  in  1868;  appointed 
comptroller  of  New  York  in  1876,  and  served  three 
years;  delegate  in  the  Democratic  national  con- 
ventions of  1864,  1868,  1872,  1876,  1880,  and  1884; 
died  in  New  York  City  June  1,  1886. 

Kelly,  William,  a  Senator  from  Alabama;  born 
in  Tennessee  about  1770;  received  a  classical  edu- 
cation; studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and 
commenced  practice  in  Hunts ville,  Ala.;  elected 
as  a  Democrat  to  the  Seventeenth  Congress,  and 
served  from  March  4,  1821,  to  December  1,  1822, 
when  he  resigned;  elected  to  the  United  States 
Senate  December  12,  1822,  to  fill  vacancy  caused 
by  the  resignation  of  John  W.  Walker,  and  served 
from  December  12,  1822,  to  March  3,  1825;  re- 
moved to  New  Orleans,  La.,  and  died  there  in  1832. 


BIOGRAPHIES. 


775 


Kelsey,  William  H.,  a  Representative  from 
New  York;  born  in  Smyrna,  N.  Y.,  October  2, 1812 
studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  engaged 
in  practice  in  Geneseo,  N.  Y. ;  surrogate  of  Livings- 
ton county  1840-1844;  elected  county  district 
attorney  in  1850;  district  attorney  1851-1853; 
elected  as  a  Whig  to  the  Thirty-fourth  and  Thirty- 
fifth  Congresses  (March  4,  1855-March  3,  1857); 
reelected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Fortieth  and 
Forty-first  Congresses  (March  4,  1867-March  3. 
1871);  died  April  20,  1879. 

Kelso,  John  Russell,  a  Representative  from 
Missouri;  born  in  Franklin  county,  Ohio,  March  23, 
1831;  received  a  classical  training,  and  was  gradu- 
ated from  Pleasant  Ridge  college,  Missouri,  in 
June,  1859;  principal  of  an  academy;  served  in  the 
Union  army  as  a  member  of  the  twenty-fourth  Mis- 
souri infantry,  the  fourteenth  Missouri  cavalry,  and 
the  eighth  Missouri  cavalry,  and  was  captain  of 
company  M;  brevetted  major,  lieutenant  colonel, 
and  colonel  "for  gallant  and  meritorious  services"; 
mustered  out  April  18,  1865;  elected  as  an  inde- 
pendent Radical  to  the  Thirty-ninth  Congress 
(March  4,  1865-March  3,  1867);  moved  to  Califor- 
nia in  1872,  and  to  Colorado  in  July,  1885;  died  in 
Longmont,  Boulder  county,  Colo.,  January  26, 
1891. 

Kem,  Omer  Madison,  a  Representative  from 
Nebraska;  born  in  Wayne  county,  Ind.,  November 
13,  1855;  attended  the  common  schools;  moved  to 
Custer  county,  Nebr.,  in  March,  1882;  moved  to 
Broken  Bow  in  January,  1890;  deputy  treasurer  of 
Custer  county  1890-1891 ;  elected  as  an  Independ- 
ent to  the  Fifty-second,  Fifty-third,  and  Fifty- 
fourth  Congresses  (March  4,  1891-March  3,  1897); 
retired  to  a  fruit  farm  near  Mont-rose,  Colo. 

Kemble,  Gouverneur,  a  Representative  from 
New  York;  born  in  New  York  City  January  25, 
1786;  completed  preparatory  studies,  and  was 
graduated  from  Columbia  college  in  1803:  engaged 
in  mercantile  pursuits;  appointed  consul  at  Cadiz 
by  President  Monroe;  established  a  cannon  foun- 
dry at  Cold  Spring,  N.  Y.;  elected  as  a  Democrat 
to  the  Twenty-fifth  and  Twenty-sixth  Congresses 
(March  4,  1837-March  3,  1841);  delegate  in  the 
state  constitutional  convention  of  1846;  interested 
in  the  promotion  of  the  Hudson  River  and  Panama 
railroads;  died  in  Cold  Spring,  N.  Y.,  September 
16,  1875. 

Kempshall,  Thomas,  a  Representative  from 
New  York;  born  in  England  about  1796;  attended 
the  common  schools;  came  to  the  United  States  and 
located  in  Rochester,  N.  Y.,  in  1827;  engaged  in 
milling;  alderman  in  the  first  common  council  in 
1834;  mayor  of  Rochester,  N.  Y.,  in  1837;  elected  as 
a  Whig  to  the  Twenty-sixth  Congress  (March  4 
1839-March  3,  1841);  died  in  Rochester,  N.  Y., 
January  14,  1865. 

Kenan,  Thomas,  a  Representative  from  North 
Carolina;  born  in  Kenansville,  Duplin  county, 
N.  C.,  February  26,  1771;  member  of  the  state 
house  of  commons  1799-1803;  elected  to  the  state 
senate  in  1804;  elected  to  the  Ninth,  Tenth,  and 
Eleventh  Congresses  (March  4, 1805-March  3, 1811); 
moved  to  Kenansville,  near  Selma,  Ala.,  in  1832; 
served  several  terms  in  the  legislature  of  Alabama; 
died  in  Kenansville,  Ala.,  October  22,  1848. 

Kendall,  Charles  West,  a  Representative  from 
Nevada;  born  in  Searsmont,  Me.,  April  22,  1828; 
attended  Phillips  academy,  Massachusetts,  and 


Yale  college;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar 
and  commenced  practice  in  Sacramento,  Cal.; 
member  of  the  state  house  of  representatives  1861- 
1862;  moved  to  Hamilton,  Nev.;  elected  as  a 
Democrat  to  the  Forty-second  and  Forty-third  Con- 
gresses (March  4,  1871-March  3,  1875). 

Kendall,  John  W.,  a  Representative  from  Ken- 
tucky; born  in  Morgan  (now  Elliott)  county,  Ky., 
June  26,  1834;  attended  the  common  schools  and 
Owingsville  academy;  studied  law,  was  admitted 
to  the  bar,  and  practiced  in  West  Liberty,  Ky.; 
twice  elected  county  attorney  of  Morgan  county; 
first  lieutenant  and  adjutant  of  the  tenth  Kentucky 
Confederate  cavalry,  and  served  throughout  the 
war;  member  of  the  Kentucky  legislature  for  two 
terms;  six  years  commonwealth  attorney  for  the 
thirteenth  judicial  district;  elected  as  a  Democrat 
to  the  Fifty-second  Congress,  and  served  from 
March  4,  1891,  until  his  death  in  West  Liberty, 
Ky.,  March  7,  1892. 

Kendall,  Jonas,  a  Representative  from  Massa- 
chusetts; born  in  Worcester,  Mass.,  June  6,  1757; 
pursued  an  academic  course;  engaged  in  the  manu- 
facture of  paper  in  Leominster,  Mass.;  member  of 
the  state  house  of  representatives  1800-1801,  1803- 
1807,  and  1821;  served  in  the  state  senate  1808- 
1811;  member  of  the  executive  council  in  1822; 
presidential  elector  in  1816;  elected  to  the  Six- 
teenth Congress  (March  4,  1819-March  3,  1821); 
died  in  Leominster,  Mass.,  October  29,  1844. 

Kendall,  Joseph  Gowing,  a  Representative 
from  Massachusetts;  born  in  Leominster,  Mass., 
October  27,  1788;  pursued  classical  studies  and  was 
graduated  from  Harvard  college  in  1810;  tutor 
there  1812-1819;  elected  to  the  Twenty-first  and 
Twenty-second  Congresses  (March  4,  1829-March  3, 
1833);  county  clerk  of  Worcester  county;  died  in 
Worcester,  Mass.,  October  2,  1847. 

Kendall,  Joseph  M.,  a  Representative  from 
Kentucky;  born  m  West  Liberty,  Ky;  attended 
the  state  college  of  Kentucky  and  the  University  of 
Michigan;  examined  by  the  court  of  appeals  of 
Kentucky  and  admitted-  to  practice  law  before  he 
was  of  age;  practiced  in  Prestonsburg,  Ky.;  clerk 
in  the  Forty-ninth  and  Fiftieth  Congresses;  elected 
as  a  Democrat  to  the  Fifty-second  Congress,  to  fill 
vacancy  caused  by  the  death  of  his  father,  John  W. 
Kendall,  and  served  from  May  5,  1892,  to  March  3, 
1893;  received  the  certificate  of  election  to  the 
Fifty-fourth  Congress,  and  served  from  March  4, 
1895,  to  February  18,  1897,  when  he  was  succeeded 
by  N.  T.  Hopkins,  who  contested  his  election;  re- 
sumed the  practice  of  law  in  Prestonsburg,  Ky. 

Kendall,  Nathan  E.,  a  Representative  from 
Iowa;  born  in  Greenville,  Lucas  county,  Iowa, 
March  17,  1868;  attended  rural  schools;  studied 
law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  has  practiced 
since  May  15,  1889;  five  terms  a  member,  and  once 
speaker  of  the  Iowa  house  of  representatives; 
elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Sixty-first  Congress 
(March  4,  1909-March  3,  1911).  Reelected  to  the 
Sixty-second  Congress. 

Kenna, '  John  Edward,  a  Representative  and  a 
Senator  from  West  Virginia;  born  in  Vacoulin,  Va. 
[now  West  Virginia),  April  10,  1848;  removed  with 
lis  mother  to  Missouri  m  1856;  received  a  limited 
training  in  the  schools;  enlisted  in  the  Confederate 
army  in  1864;  was  wounded  in  that  service  in  1864, 
and  was  surrendered  in  Shreveport,  La.,  in  1865; 
attended  St.  Vincent's  college,  Wheeling;  studied 


776 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 


law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar  June  20,  1870,  and 
commenced  practice  in  Charleston,  W.  Va.;  prose- 
cuting attorney  for  Kanawha  county  1872-1877; 
elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Forty-fifth,  Forty- 
sixth,  and  Forty-seventh  Congresses  (March  4, 
1877-March  3,  1883);  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the 
United  States  Senate,  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by 
the  resignation  of  Henry  G.  Davis;  reelected,  and 
served  from  March  4,  1883,  until  his  death  in 
Washington,  D.  C.,  January  11,  1893. 

Kennedy,  Andrew,  a  Representative  from 
Indiana;  born  in  Dayton,  Ohio,  July  24,  1810; 
moved  with  parents  to  a  farm  upon  the  Indian 
reserve,  near  Lafayette;  soon  after  went  to  reside 
with  an  aunt  in  Connersville,  Ind.;  became  a 
blacksmith's  apprentice;  attended  the  common 
schools;  moved  to  Muncie,  Ind.;  studied  law,  was 
admitted  to  the  bar  in  1830,  and  practiced;  state 
representative  in  1835,  and  state  senator  in  1838; 
elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Twenty-seventh, 
Twenty-eighth,  and  Twenty-ninth  Congresses 
(March  4,  1841-March  3,  1847);  Democratic  caucus 
nominee  for  United  States  Senator  in  1847;  was 
stricken  with  smallpox  on  the  eve  of  the  legislative 
joint  convention,  and  died  in  Indianapolis,  Ind., 
December  31,  1847. 

Kennedy,  Anthony,  a  Senator  from  Maryland; 
born  in  Baltimore,  Md.,  December  21,  1811;  moved 
with  parents  to  Charlestown,  Va.,  in  1821;  attended 
Jefferson  academy,  Charlestown,  Va. ;  studied  law 
and  was  admitted  to  the  bar;  engaged  in  the  cotton 
business  in  New  Orleans,  and  planting  in  Virginia; 
member  of  the  Virginia  state  house  of  representa- 
tives 1839-1843;  defeated  for  the  Twenty-ninth 
Congress;  presidential  elector  on  the  Whig  ticket 
in  1848;  returned  to  Baltimore  in  1850;  member  of 
the  state  legislature  in  1856;  elected  as  a  Unionist 
to  the  United  States  Senate,  and  served  from  March 
4,  1857,  to  March  3,  1863;  delegate  in  the  state  con- 
stitutional convention  of  1867;  died  in  Annapolis, 
Md.,  July  31,  1892. 

Kennedy,  Charles  A.,  a  Representative  from 
Iowa;  born  in  Montrose,  Iowa,  March  24,  1869; 
completed  preparatory  studies;  elected  mayor  of 
Montrose  1890-1895;  member  of  the  state  legisla- 
ture in  1903-1905;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the 
Sixtieth  and  Sixty-first  Congresses  (March  4,  1907- 
March  3,  1911).  Reelected  to  the  Sixty-second  Con- 
gress. 

Kennedy,  James,  a  Representative  from  Ohio; 
born  in  Poland  township,  Mahoning  county,  Ohio, 
September  3,  1853;  prepared  for  college  at  Poland 
Union  seminary,  and  was  graduated  from  Westmin- 
ster college,  Pennsylvania,  1876;  studied  law  and 
was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  March,  1879,  and  prac- 
ticed in  Youngstown,  Ohio;  elected  as  a  Republi- 
can to  the  Fifty-eighth,  Fifty-ninth,  Sixtieth,  and 
Sixty-first  Congresses  (March  4,  1903-March  3, 
1911);  resumed  the  practice  of  law  in  Youngstown, 
Ohio. 

Kennedy,  John  Lauderdale,  a  Representative 
from  Nebraska;  born  on  a  farm  in  Ayrshire,  Scot- 
land, October  27, 1854;  attended  the  public  schools 
of  Scotland;  emigrated  to  the  United  States  and 
settled  in  Lasalle  county,  111.,  and  engaged  in  farm- 
ing; attended  Knox  college,  Galesburg,  111.,  and 
was  graduated  from  the  law  department  of  the  state 
university  of  Iowa  in  1882;  practiced  law  in 
Omaha  for  twenty- two  years;  Republican  presi- 
dential elector  in  Nebraska  in  1900;  elected  as  a 
Republican  to  the  Fifty-ninth  Congress  (March  4, 


1905-March  3,  1907);  resumed  law  practice  in 
Omaha,  Nebr. ;  chairman  police  and  fire  commis- 
sion 1907-1908;  chairman  Republican  state  com- 
mittee 1911-1912. 

Kennedy,  John  Pendleton,  a  Representative 
from  Maryland;  born  in  Baltimore,  Md.,  October 
25,  1795;  pursued  classical  studies,  and  was  gradu- 
ated from  Baltimore  college  in  1812,  served  in  the 
War  of  1812;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar 
in  1816,  and  commenced  practice  in  Baltimore, 
Md.;  member  of  the  state  legislature  in  1821-1823; 
appointed  secretary  to  the  legation  at  Chile,  Jan- 
uary 27,  1823,  but  resigned;  unsuccessful  candi- 
date for  the  Twenty-fifth  Congress;  subsequently 
elected  to  the  same  Congress,  to  fill  vacancy 
caused  by  the  death  of  Isaac  Me  Kim,  and  served 
from  April  30,  1838,  to  March  3,  1839;  defeated 
for  the  Twenty-sixth  Congress;  presidential  elector 
on  the  Whig  ticket  in  1840;  elected  to  the  Twenty- 
seventh  and  Twenty-eighth  Congresses  (March  4, 
1841-March  3,  1845);  secretary  of  the  Navy  in 
President  Fillmore's  Cabinet  July  22,  1852,  to 
March  7,  1853;  died  in  Newport,  R.  I.,  August  18, 
1870. 

Kennedy,  Robert  Patterson,  a  Representa- 
tive from  Ohio;  born  in  Belief  on  taine,  Ohio,  Jan- 
uary 23,  1840;  attended  the  public  schools;  served 
in  the  Civil  war;  second  lieutenant  Twenty-third 
Ohio  infantry  June  11,  1861;  captain  and  assistant 
adjutant  general  October  7,  1862;  major  and  assist- 
ant adjutant  general  November  16,  1864;  resigned 
April  8, 1865;  recommissioned  colonel  One  hundred 
and  ninety-sixth  Ohio  infantry  April  14,  1865; 
brevet  lieutenant  colonel  of  volunteers  March  13, 
1865,  "for  gallant  and  meritorious  services  during 
the  campaign  in  West  Virginia  and  in  the  Shenan- 
doah  valley;"  brigadier  general  of  volunteers 
March  13,  1865,  "  for  distinguished  gallantry  during 
the  war;"  mustered  out  September  11,  1865;  re- 
turned to  Bellefontaine,  Ohio;  studied  law,  was 
admitted  to  the  bar,  and  practiced;  appointed  by 
President  Hayes  collector  of  internal  revenue  for 
the  fourth  district  of  Ohio,  March  11,  1878;  con- 
firmed March  25,  1878,  and  served  until  March, 
1883;  elected  lieutenant  governor  of  Ohio  in  1885 
and  served  until  March  4,  1887,  when  he  resigned; 
elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Fiftieth  and  Fifty- 
first  Congresses  (March  4,  1887-March  3,  1891);  ap- 
pointed a  member  of  the  insular  commission  by 
President  McKinley,  to  examine  and  report  upon 
the  civil  conditions  of  Porto  Rico,  and  was  made 
president  of  the  commission;  resumed  the  practice 
of  law  in  Bellefontaine,  Ohio. 

Kennedy,  William,  a  Representative  from 
North  Carolina;  native  of  North  Carolina;  was 
graduated  from  the  university  of  Pennsylvania  in 
1782;  studied  law  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar; 
elected  as  a  Federalist  to  the  Eighth  Congress 
(March  4,  1803-March  3,  1805);  reelected  to  the 
Eleventh  Congress  (March  4,  1809-March  3,  1811); 
defeated  for  reelection  to  the  Twelfth  Congress,  but 
subsequently  elected  to  the  same  Congress,  to  fill 
vacancy  caused  by  the  death  of  Thomas  Blount; 
reelected  to  the  Thirteenth  Congress,  and  served 
from  January  30,  1813,  to  March  3,  1815. 

Kennett,  Luther  Martin,  a  Representative 
from  Missouri;  born  in  Falmouth,  Ky.,  March  15, 
1807;  pursued  an  academic  course;  clerk  of  the 
Pendleton  county  court;  moved  to  Missouri  in  1825, 
and  became  a  merchant;  moved  to  St.  Louis,  Mo. ; 
vice  president  of  the  Pacific  railroad  company; 
mayor  of  St.  Louis  1850-1853;  president  of  the  St. 


BIOGRAPHIES. 


777 


Louis  &  Iron  Mountain  railroad  in  1853;  elected  as 
an  American  to  the  Thirty-fourth  Congress  (March 
4,  1855-March  3,  1857);  defeated  for  the  Thirty- 
fifth  Congress;  died  in  Paris,  France,  April  12, 1873. 

Kenney,  Richard  Holland,  a  Senator  from 
Delaware;  born  in  Laurel,  Sussex  county,  Del., 
September  9,  1856;  was  graduated  from  Laurel 
academy,  Delaware,  in  June,  1874;  attended  Ho- 
bart  college,  Geneva,  N.  Y.;  studied  law,  and  was 
admitted  to  the  bar  October  19,  1881,  and  prac- 
ticed*; elected  state  librarian  in  January,  1879; 
adjutant  general  of  the  state  1887-1891;  delegate 
to  the  national  Democratic  convention  in  1892; 
member  of  the  national  Democratic  committee 
1896-1908;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  United 
States  Senate,  for  the  term  commencing  March  4, 
1895,  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  the  legislature  of 
1895  failing  to  elect,  and  served  from  January  19, 
1897,  until  March  3,  1901;  resumed  the  practice  of 
law  in  Dover,  Del. 

Kennon,  William,  a  Representative  from  Ohio; 
native  of  Pennsylvania;  completed  preparatory 
studies;  moved  to  St.  Clairsville,  Ohio;  member  of 
the  state  house  of  representatives;  elected  as  a 
Democrat  to  the  Twenty-first  and  Twenty-second 
Congresses  (March  4, 1829-March  3, 1833);  reelected 
to  the  Twenty-fourth  Congress  (March  4,  1835- 
March  3,  1837);  again  elected  to  the  Thirtieth  Con- 
gress (March  4,  1847-March  3,  1849). 

Kent,  Joseph,  a  Representative  and  a  Senator 
from  Maryland;  born  in  Calvert  county,  Md.,  Jan- 
uary 14,  1779;  received  a  liberal  schooling;  studied 
medicine  and  practiced  in  Calvert  and  Prince 
Georges  counties,  Md. ;  elected  as  a  Federalist  to  the 
Twelfth  and  Thirteenth  Congresses  (March  4, 1811- 
March  3,  1815);  reelected  to  the  Sixteenth,  Seven- 
teenth, Eighteenth,  and  Nineteenth  Congresses,  and 
served  from  March  4,  1819,  until  January  6,  1826, 
when  he  resigned;  governor  of  Maryland  1826-1829; 
elected  as  a  Whig  to  the  United  States  Senate,  and 
served  from  March  4,  1833,  until  his  death,  near 
Bladensburg,  Md.,  November  24,  1837. 

Kent,  Moss,  a  Representative  from  New  York; 
born  in  Rensselaer  county,  N.  Y.,  April  3,  1766; 
completed  preparatory  studies;  studied  law  and 
was  admitted  to  the  bar;  member  of  the  state  senate 
1799-1803;  served  in  the  state  house  of  representa- 
tives 1807  and  1810;  appointed  county  judge  of 
Jefferson  county  February  26,  1810;  elected  as  a 
Federalist  to  the  Thirteenth  and  Fourteenth  Con- 
gresses (March  4,  1813-March  3,  1817);  died  in 
Plattsburg,  N.  Y.,  May  30,  1838. 

Kenyon,  William  Scheuneman,  a  Represent- 
ative from  New  York;  born  in  Catskill,  Greene 
county,  N.  Y.,  December  13,  1820;  attended  a  pri- 
vate academy  in  Catskill,  the  Kinderhook  acad- 
emy, and  was  graduated  from  Rutgers  college  in 
1842;  studied  law  in  Kingston,  N.  Y.,  and  was 
admitted  to  the  bar  in  Albany,  N.  Y.,  in  1846,  and 
practiced  in  Kingston;  elected  as  a  Republican  to 
Thirty-sixth  Congress  (March  4,  1859-March  3, 
1861);  delegate  to  the  Republican  national  con- 
ventions of  1872  and  1876;  county  judge  of  Ulster 
county  1883-1889;  chairman  of  the  county  Repub- 
lican committee  many  years;  died  in  Kingston, 
N.  Y.,  February  9,  1896. 

Kern,  Frederick  John,  a  Representative  from 
Illinois;  born  near  Millstadt,  111.,  September  2, 
1864;  attended  the  public  schools  of  Millstadt  and 
the  Illinois  state  normal  university;  taught  in  the 


public  schools  for  five  years;  engaged  in  the  news- 
paper business  and  became  editor  of  the  East  St. 
Louis  Gazette,  and  later  of  the  Belleville  Daily  and 
Weekly  News-Democrat;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to 
the  Fifty-seventh  Congress  (March  4,  1901-March 
3,  1903);  a  resident  of  Belleville,  111.;  mayor  five 
terms;  engaged  in  newspaper  work. 

Kernan,  Francis,  a  Representative  and  a  Sena- 
tor from  New  York;  born  in  Wayne,  N.  Y.,  January 
14,  1816;  attended  public  schools,  and  was  gradu- 
ated from  Georgetown  college,  District  of  Columbia, 
in  1836;  studied  law  in  Utica,  N.  Y.,  was  admitted 
to  the  bar  in  July,  1840,  and  practiced  in  Utica; 
reporter  of  the  court  of  appeals  of  New  York  1854- 
1857;  member  of  the  state  house  of  representatives 
in  1861;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Thirty-eighth 
Congress  (March  4,  1863-March  3,  1865);  defeated 
for  the  Thirty-ninth  Congress  by  Roscoe  Conkling; 
member  of  the  state  constitutional  convention 
1867-1868;  Democratic  and  Liberal  candidate  for 
governor  of  New  York  in  1872,  and  defeated  by  John 
A.  Dix;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  United  States 
Senate,  and  served  from  March  4,  1875,  to  March  3, 
1881;  defeated  for  reelection  by  Thomas  C.  Platt; 
regent  of  the  University  of  the  State  of  New  York 
1870-1892;  died  in  Utica,  N.  Y.,  September  7, 
1892. 

Kerr,  Daniel,  a  Representative  from  Iowa;  born 
near  Dairy,  Ayrshire,  Scotland,  June  18,  1836; 
emigrated  with  his  parents  to  Madison  county,  111., 
in  1841;  was  graduated  from  McKendree  college  in 
1858;  studied  law  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in 
1862;  enlisted  in  the  LTnion  army  August  12,  1862; 
promoted  to  second  lieutenant  company  G,  one 
hundred  and  seventh  Illinois  volunteers,  in  1863, 
and  to  first  lieutenant  in  1864;  member  of  the  legis- 
lature of  Illinois  in  1868;  moved  to  Iowa  in  1870; 
elected  to  the  legislature  of  Iowa  in  1883;  presi- 
dential elector  on  the  Blaine  and  Logan  ticket  in 
1884;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Fiftieth  and 
Fifty-first  Congresses  (March  4,  1887-March  3, 
1891);  retired  to  South  Pasadena,  Cal. 

Kerr,  James,  a  Representative  from  Pennsyl- 
vania; born  in  Reedsville,  Mifflin  county,  Pa., 
October  2,  1851;  resided  in  Blair  county  until  1864; 
moved  to  Clearfield  in  1867;  pursued  an  academic 
course;  elected  justice  of  the  peace  in  1878;  pro- 
thonotary  for  Clearfield  county  in  1880  and  1883; 
engaged  in  mining  and  shipping  of  bituminous  coal, 
and  the  cutting  and  transportation  of  lumber; 
elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Fifty-first  Congress 
(March  4, 1889-March  3,  1891);  clerk  of  the  United 
States  House  of  Representatives  during  the  Fifty- 
second  and  Fifty-third  Congresses  (March  4,  1891- 
March  3,  1895);  died  in  New  York  City  October  31, 
1908;  interment  in  Clearfield,  Pa. 

Kerr,  John,  a  Representative  from  Virginia; 
born  in  Caswell  county,  N.  C.,  August  4,  1782; 
attended  common  schools;  studied  theology  and 
was  licensed  as  a  Baptist  minister  in  1802;  located 
in  Halifax  county,  Va.,  in  1805;  elected  to  the 
Thirteenth  and  Fourteenth  Congresses  (March  4, 
1813-March  3,  1817);  resumed  the  ministry,  and 
was  pastor  of  the  Baptist  churches  of  Arbor  and 
Mary  Creek;  moved  to  Richmond,  Va.,  in  March, 
1825,  and  was  pastor  of  the  First  Baptist  church; 
resigned  in  1832;  located  upon  a  farm  near  Dan- 
ville, Va.,  in  1836,  and  died  there,  September  29, 
1842. 

Kerr,  John,  Jr.,  a  Representative  from  North 
Carolina;  born  in  Pittsylvania  county,  Va.,  Febru- 
ary 10,  1811;  completed  academic  studies  in  Rich- 


778 


CONGBESSIONAL  DIEECTOEY. 


mond,  Va.;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar, 
and  commenced  practice  in  Yanceyville,  N.  C.; 
defeated  as  the  Whig  candidate  for  governor  in 
1852;  elected  as  a  Whig  to  the  Thirty-third  Congress 
(March  4, 1853-March  3, 1855) ;  defeated  for  Thirty- 
fourth  Congress;  member  of  state  legislature  in 
1858  and  I860;  judge  of  the  supreme  court  of  North 
Carolina  during  the  Civil  war;  elected  judge  of  the 
superior  court  in  1874  for  a  term  of  eight  years; 
trustee  of  the  University  of  North  Carolina  1846- 
1868,  and  of  Wake  Forrest  college,  N.  C.,  1844- 
1856;  died  in  Reidsville,  N.  C.)  September  5,  1879. 

Kerr,  John  Bozman,  a  Representative  from 
Maryland;  born  in  Easton,  Md.,  March  5,  1809;  was 
graduated  from  Harvard  college  in  1830;  studied 
law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced  prac- 
tice in  Easton,  1833;  member  of  the  state  house  of 
representatives  1836-1838;  deputy  attorney  general 
for  Talbot  county  1847-1849;  elected  as  a  Whig  to 
the  Thirty-first  Congress  (March  4,  1849-March  3, 
1851);  reelected  to  the  Thirty-third  Congress,  but 
resigned  before  it  assembled;  appointed  by  Presi- 
dent Fillmore  charge  d'affaires  to  Nicaragua  March 
7,  1851,  and  served  until  July  27,  1854;  returned 
and  resumed  practice  in  St.  Michaels,  Md.;  died 
in  Washington,  D.  C.,  January  27,  1878. 

Kerr,  John  Leeds,  a  Representative  and  a 
Senator  from  Maryland;  born  near  Annapolis,  Md., 
January  15,  1780;  was  graduated  from  St.  John's 
college  in  1799;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the 
bar,  and  began  practice  in  Easton;  elected  as  a 
Whig  to  the  Nineteenth  and  Twentieth  Congresses 
(March  4,  1825-March  3,  1829);  defeated  as  the 
Whig  candidate  for  the  Twenty-first  Congress;  re- 
elected  to  the  Twenty-second  Congress  (March  4, 
1831-March  3,  1833);  presidential  elector  on  the 
Harrison  and  Tyler  ticket  in  1840;  elected  to  the 
United  States  Senate,  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  the 
death  of  John  S.  Spence,  and  served  from  January 
5,  1841,  to  March  3,  1843;  died  near  Easton,  Md., 
February  21,  1844. 

Kerr,  Joseph,  a  Senator  from  Ohio;  born  in 
Chambersburg,  Pa.,  in  1765;  received  a  limited 
schooling;  moved  to  Ohio  in  1776,  and  located 
upon  a  large  tract  of  land  on  the  Scioto  river  just 
below  Chillicothe,  and  that  he  afterwards  lost 
to  a  Virginia  claimant  named  Watts;  justice  of  the 
court  of  quarter  sessions  1797-1798;  appointed  by 
President  Jefferson  one  of  the  commissioners  to 
lay  out  the  road  from  Cumberland,  Md.,  to  the 
Ohio  river  April  14,  1806;  adjutant  general  of  Ohio 
1809-1810;  member  of  the  state  senate  in  the  third 
and  fourth  general  assemblies;  state  representative 
1808-1809  and  1819-1820;  brigadier  general  of 
Ohio  troops  1812-1815;  elected  to  the  United  States 
Senate,  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  the  resignation 
of  Thomas  Worthington,  and  served  from  Decem- 
ber 10,  1814,  to  March  3,  1815;  returned  to  Chilli- 
cothe, Ohio,  and  was  proprietor  of  an  inn  1815-1824; 
moved  to  a  farm  near  Memphis,  Tenn.,  in  1824,  and 
later  to  Carrel  parish,  La.,  where  he  died  in  1837. 

Kerr,  Josiah  Leeds,  a  Representative  from 
Maryland;  born  in  Vienna,  Md.,  January  10,  1861; 
attended  the  public  schools  in  Vienna,  and  Vienna 
academy;  taught  school  in  Kennebec  county; 
moved  to  Cambridge  in  1885;  elected  school  ex- 
aminer in  August,  1898,  and  served  two  years; 
elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Fifty-sixth  Congress, 
to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  the  resignation  of  John 
Walter  Smith,  and  served  from  December  3,  1900, 
to  March  3,  1901 ;  returned  to  Cambridge,  Md.,  and 
became  a  traveling  salesman. 


Kerr,  Michael  Crawford,  a  Representative 
from  Indiana;  born  in  Titusville,  Pa.,  March  15, 
1827;  attended  public  schools,  Erie  academy,  and 
was  graduated  from  the  law  department  of  Louis- 
ville university  in  1851;  admitted  to  the  bar, 
and  began  practice  in  New  Albany,  Ind.,  in  1852; 
elected  city  attorney  in  1854;  prosecuting  attorney 
of  Floyd  county  in  1855;  member  of  the  state  legis- 
lature 1856-1857;  elected  reporter  of  the  supreme 
court  of  Indiana  1862-1865;  elected  as  a  Democrat 
to  the  Thirty-ninth,  Fortieth,  Forty-first,  and 
Forty-second  Congresses  (March  4,  1865-Mareh  3, 
1873);  defeated  for  the  Forty-third  Congress;  again 
elected  to  the  Forty-fourth  Congress  and  served 
from  March  4, 1875,  until  his  death;  elected  Speaker 
of  this  Congress;  died  in  Rockbridge  Alum  Springs, 
Va.,  August  19,  1876. 

Kerr,  Winfield  Scott,  a  Representative  from 
Ohio;  born  in  Monroe,  Richland  county,  Ohio, 
June  23,  1852;  attended  the  common  schools;  was 
graduated  from  the  law  department  of  the  Univer- 
sity of  Michigan  in  1879;  was  admitted  to  the  bar 
and  began  practice  in  Mansfield,  Ohio;  member  of 
the  state  senate  1888-1892;  elected  as  a  Republican 
to  the  Fifty-fourth,  Fifty-fifth,  and  Fifty-sixth 
Congresses  (March  4,  1895-March  3,  1901);  resumed 
the  practice  of  law  in  Mansfield,  Ohio. 

Kerrigan,  James  E.,  a  Representative  from 
New  York;  born  in  Ireland;  completed  preparatory 
studies;  emigrated  to  America  and  located  in 
New  York  City;  member  of  the  city  council;  elected 
as  a  Democrat  to  the  Thirty-seventh  Congress 
(March  4,  1861-March  3,  1863);  served  in  the  Union 
army  as  colonel;  died  in  New  York  City  in  1899. 

Kershaw,  John,  a  Representative  from  South 
Carolina;  native  of  South  Carolina;  completed 
academic  studies;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the 
Thirteenth  Congress  (March  4,  1813-March  3, 
1815). 

Ketcham,  John  Henry,  a  Representative  from 
New  York;  born  in  Dover,  N.  Y.,  December  21, 
1832;  pursued  an  academic  course;  became  inter- 
ested in  agricultural  pursuits;  supervisor  1854- 
1855;  member  of  the  state  assembly  1856-1857; 
state  senator  1860-1861;  enlisted  in  the  Union 
army  as  colonel  of  the  one  hundred  and  fiftieth 
New  York  volunteers  October  11,  1862;  brevet 
brigadier  general  December  6,  1864;  brigadier 
general  April  1,  1865;  brevet  major  general  of  vol- 
unteers March  13,  1865,  "for  gallant  and  merito- 
rious service  during  the  war; "  resigned  December 
2,  1865;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Thirty- 
ninth,  Fortieth,  Forty-first,  and  Forty-second  Con- 
gresses (March  4,  1865-March  3,  1873);  often  a  dele- 
gate to  Republican  state  conventions;  and  delegate 
to  the  Republican  national  conventions  of  1876 
and  1896;  Commissioner  of  the  District  of  Columbia 
July  3,  1874-June  30,  1877,  when  he  resigned; 
elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Forty-fifth  and  to 
the  seven  succeeding  Congresses  (March  4,1879- 
March  3,  1893);  declined  a  renomination;  again 
elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Fifty-fifth,  Fifty- 
sixth,  Fifty-seventh,  Fifty-eighth,  and  Fifty- 
ninth  Congresses,  and  served  from  March  4,  1897, 
until  his  death,  in  New  York  City,  November  4, 
1906;  interment  in  Valley  View  cemetery,  Dovers 
Plains,  N.  Y. 

Ketchum,  Winthrop  Weller,  a  Representative 
from  Pennsylvania;  born  in  Wilkes-Harre,  Pa., 
June  29,  1820;  pursued  classical  studies;  an  in- 
structor in  Wyoming  seminary  1844-1847,  and  in 


BIOGEAPHIES. 


779 


Girard  college,  Pa.,  1848-1849;  studied  law  and  was 
admitted  to  the  bar  January  8,  1850;  prothonotary 
of  Luzerne  county  1855-1857 ;  member  of  the  state 
house  of  representatives  in  1858;  state  senator 
1859-1861;  solicitor  of  the  United  States  Court  of 
Claims  1864-1866;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the 
Forty-fourth  Congress  and  served  from  March  4, 
1875  until  July  19,  1876,  when  he  resigned;  judge 
of  the  United  States  court  for  the  western  district 
of  Pennsylvania,  and  served  until  his  death  in 
Pittsburgh,  Pa.,  December  6,  1879. 

Key,  David  McKendree,  a  Senator  from  Ten- 
nessee; born  in  Greene  county,  Tenn.,  January  27, 
1824;  attended  the  common  schools,  and  was  grad- 
uated from  Hiawassee  college  in  1850;  studied  law, 
was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced  practice 
in  Kingston;  removed  to  Chattanooga  in  1853; 
presidential  elector  on  the  Democratic  ticket  in 
1856,  and  on  the  Breckenridge  and  Lane  ticket  in 
1860;  enlisted  in  the  Confederate  army  and  pro- 
moted to  lieutenant  colonel  of  the  forty-third 
Tennessee  infantry;  member  of  the  state  constitu- 
tional convention  of  1870;  chancellor  of  the  third 
chancery  division  1870-1875;  defeated  as  the  Demo- 
cratic candidate  to  the  Forty-third  Congress;  ap- 
pointed as  a  Democrat  to  the  United  States  Senate, 
to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  the  death  of  Andrew 
Johnson,  and  served  from  August  18,  1875,  to  Janu- 
ary 19,  1877;  defeated  for  reelection;  Postmaster 
General  in  President  Hayes's  cabinet  March  12, 
1877,  to  June  1,  1880,  when  he  resigned;  appointed 
by  President  Hayes  United  States  judge  for  the 
eastern  and  middle  district  of  Tennessee  May  19, 
1880;  retired  January  26,  1894;  died  in  Chatta- 
nooga, Tenn.,  February  3,  1900. 

Key,  Philip,  a  Representative  from  Maryland; 
born  in  St.  Marys  county,  Md.,  in  1750;  pursued 
an  academic  course  in  England ;  returned  to  Mary- 
land and  engaged  in  farming;  studied  law,  was 
admitted  to  the  bar,  and  practiced;  elected  to  the 
state  house  of  representatives  and  served  as  speaker; 
elected  to  the  Second  Congress  (March  4,  1791- 
March  3,  1793);  died  in  St.  Marys  county,  Md., 
January  4,  1820. 

Key,  Philip  Barton,  a  Representative  from 
Maryland;  born  in  Cecil  county,  Md.,  in  1757; 
pursued  an  academic  course;  served  in  the  British 
army>  during  the  Revolutionary  war;  taken  pris- 
oner in  Florida,  and  went  to  England;  released  on 
parole;  returned  to  Maryland  in  1785  and  located 
in  Annapolis  in  1790;  several  times  a  member  of  the 
state  house  of  representatives;  elected  as  a  Feder- 
alist to  the  Tenth,  Eleventh,  and  Twelfth  Con- 
gresses (March  4,  1807-March  3,  1813);  died  in 
Georgetown,  D.  C.,  July  28,  1815. 

Keyes,  Elias,  a  Representative  from  Vermont; 
born  in  Ashford,  Conn.,  April  14,  1757;  attended 
the  common  schools;  moved  to  Stockb ridge,  Vt., 
in  1785;  presiding  judge  of  Windsor  county  court 
1803-1814,  and  1815-1818;  state  representative  for 
several  years;  elected  to  the  Seventeenth  Congress 
(March  4, 1821-March  3, 1823);  died  in  Stockbridge, 
Vt.,  July  9,  1844. 

Kidder,  David,  a  Representative  from  Maine; 
born  in  Dresden,  Me.,  December  8,  1787;  pursued 
classical  studies  with  private  tutors;  studied  law, 
was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced  practice 
in  Bloomfield;  removed  to  Skowhegan,  Me.,  in 
1817,  and  to  Norridgewock  in  1821;  county  attorney 
of  Somerset  county  1811-1823;  elected  as  a  Whig 
to  the  Eighteenth  and  Nineteenth  Congresses 
(March  4,  1823-March  3,  1827);  returned  to  Skow- 


hegan in  1827;  state  representative  in  1829;  died  in 
Skowhegan,  Me.,  November  1,  1860. 

Kidder,  Jeff  ersonParrish,  a  Delegate  from  Da- 
kota Territory;  born  in  Braintree,  Vt.,  June  4, 1818; 
attended  the  common  schools;  farmed  and  taught 
school;  pursued  classical  studies,  and  was  gradu- 
ated from  Norwich  university;  studied  law  and  was 
admitted  to  the  bar;  member  of  the  state  constitu- 
tional convention  of  1843;  state  attorney  1842-1847; 
member  of  the  state  senate  1847-1848;  lieutenant 
governor  1853-1854;  moved  to  St.  Paul,  Minn.,  in 
1857;  member  of  the  state  house  of  representatives 
of  -Minnesota  in  1861,  1863,  and  1864;  appointed 
by  President  Lincoln  associate  justice  or  the  su- 
preme court  for  Dakota  Territory  February  16, 
1865;  reappointed  by  President  Grant  April  3, 
1869,  and  reappointed  March  3,  1873;  elected,  as  a 
Republican,  a  Delegate  from  Dakota  Territory  to 
the  Forty -fourth  and  Forty-fifth  Congresses  (March 
4,  1875-March  3,  1879);  died  in  St.  Paul,  Minn., 
October  2,  1883.  . 

Kidwell,  Zedekiah,  a  Representative  from  Vir- 
ginia; born  in  Fairfax  county,  Va.,  January  4,  1814; 
received  a  liberal  schooling;  studied  medicine  and 
was  graduated  from  Jefferson  medical  college, 
Philadelphia,  Pa.,  in  1839,  and  practiced  in  Fair- 
fax county,  Va.,  1839-1849;  studied  law  and  was 
admitted  to  the  bar  in  1849;  moved  to  Fairmont, 
Va.;  member  of  the  state  house  of  representatives; 
delegate  in  the  state  constitutional  convention  of 
1849;  presidential  elector  on  the  Democratic 
ticket  in  1852;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Thirty- 
third  and  Thirty-fourth  Congresses  (March  4,  1853- 
March  3, 1857) ;  elected  a  member  of  the  state  board 
of  public  works  in  1857;  died  in  Fairmont,  W.  Va., 
April  27, 1872. 

Kiefer,  Andrew  Robert,  a  Representative 
from  Minnesota;  bom  in  Marienborn,  in  the  dis- 
trict of  Manz  on  the  Rhine,  Germany,  May  25, 
1832;  attended  school  in  Manz;  emigrated  to 
America  in  1849,  and  located  in  St.  Paul,  Minn.,  in 
1855;  elected  clerk  of  the  legislature  in  1860;  en- 
tered the  Union  army  as  captain,  second  Min- 
nesota infantry  volunteers,  in  1861;  commissioned 
colonel  of  militia  in  1863;  member  of  the  state  legis- 
lature in  1864;  clerk  of  district  courts  of  Ramsey 
county  in  1878;  Republican  candidate  for  mayor 
of  St.  Paul  in  1890;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the 
Fifty-third  and  Fifty-fourth  Congresses  (March  4, 
1893-March  3,  1897);  mayor  of  St.  Paul  in  1908; 
died  in  St.  Paul,  Minn.,  May  1,  1904. 

Kilbourn,  James,  a  Representative  from  Ohio; 
born  in  New  Britain,  Conn.,  October  19,  1770; 
pursued  classical  studies;  studied  theology  and 
entered  the  Episcopal  ministry ;  founded  Worth- 
ington, Ohio,  in  1803;  one  of  the  founders  of  the 
Scioto  company,  to  trade  in  Ohio  and  the  north- 
west, in  1801;  appointed  United  States  surveyor 
of  public  lands  in  1805,  and  laid  out  the  present 
city  of  Sandusky;  appointed  by  President  Madi- 
son one  of  three  commissioners  to  ascertain  the 
western  boundary  of  the  Virginia  military  reserva- 
tion, between  the  Little  Miami  and  Scioto  rivers, 
July  1,  1812;  president  of  Worthington  college; 
colonel  of  a  frontier  regiment  in  the  War  of  1812; 
elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Thirteenth  and 
Fourteenth  Congresses  (March  4,  1813-March  3, 
1817);  state  representative  in  1823-1824,  and 
1838-1839;  president  of  the  convention  of  1839, 
to  lay  the  corner  stone  of  the  state  capitol  in 
Columbus,  and  of  the  Whig  state  convention  of 
1840;  died  in  Worthington,  Ohio,  April  9,  1850. 


780 


CONGRESSIONAL   DIRECTORY. 


Kilgore,  Constantine  Buckley,  a  Representa- 
tive from  Texas;  born  in  Newnan,  Ga.,  February 
20,  1835;  moved  with  his  parents  to  Rush  county, 
Tex.,  in  1846;  received  a  common  school  and 
academic  training;  studied  law;  served  in  the 
Confederate  army  as  a  private,  orderly  sergeant, 
first  sergeant,  first  lieutenant,  and  captain  in  the 
tenth  Texas  regiment;  adjutant  general  of  JSctor's 
brigade,  Army  of  Tennessee,  in  1862;  wounded  at 
Chickamauga;  captured  and  confined  as  a  prisoner 
in  Fort  Delaware  during  1864;  admitted  to  the 
bar,  and  practiced  in  Rusk  county,  Tex.;  elected 
justice  of  the  peace  in  1869;  member  of  the  con- 
stitutional convention  of  1875;  presidential  elector 
in  1880  on  the  Hancock  and  English  ticket;  elected 
to  the  state  senate  in  1884  for  four  years,  and 
served  as  president  pro  tempore  two  years;  elected 
as  a  Democrat  to  the  Fiftieth,  Fifty-first,  Fifty- 
second,  and  Fifty-third  Congresses  (March  4,  1887- 
March  3,  1895);  appointed  by  President  Cleveland 
United  States  judge  for  southern  district  of  Indian 
Territory  March  20,  1895,  and  served  until  his 
death  in  Ardmore,  Ind.  T.,  September  23,  1897. 

Kilgore,  Daniel,  a  Representative  from  Ohio; 
born  in  Kings  Creek,  W.  Va.,  in  1793;  received  a 
liberal  schooling;  moved  to  Cadiz,  Ohio;  member 
of  state  senate  1828-1832;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to 
the  Twenty-third  Congress,  to  fill  vacancy  caused 
by  the  resignation  of  Humphrey  H.  Leavitt; 
reelected  to  the  Twenty-fourth  and  Twenty-fifth 
Congresses,  and  served  from  December  1,  1834, 
until  July,  1838,  when  he  resigned;  died  in  New 
York  December  12,  1851. 

Kilgore,  David,  a  Representative  from  Indiana; 
born  in  Harrison  county,  Ky.,  April  3,  1804; 
moved  with  his  father  to  Franklin  county,  Ind., 
in  1819;  attended  the  public  schools;  studied  law, 
was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1830,  and  commenced 
practice  in  Yorktown,  Ind.;  state  representative 
1833-1838;  president-judge  of  the  Yorktown  cir- 
cuit 1839-1844;  delegate  in  the  state  constitutional 
convention  of  1850;  speaker  of  the  state  house  of 
representatives  in  1855;  elected  as  a  Republican 
to  the  Thirty-fifth  and  Thirty-sixth  Congresses 
(March  4,  1857-March  3,  1861);  delegate  in  the 
National  Union  convention  in  Philadelphia  in 
1866;  died  near  Yorktown,  Lebanon  county,  Ind., 
January  22,  1879. 

Kille,  Joseph,  a  Representative  from  New 
Jersey;  native  of  New  Jersey;  pursued  academic 
studies;  located  in  Salem;  elected  as  a  Democrat 
to  the  Twenty-sixth  Congress  (March  4,  1839- 
March  3,  1841). 

Killinger,  John  Weinland,  a  Representative 
from  Pennsylvania;  born  in  Lebanon,  Pa.,  Sep- 
tember 18,  1825;  was  graduated  from  Franklin  and 
Marshall  college,  Pa.,  in  1843;  studied  law  in 
Lancaster,  Pa.,  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1846, 
and  practiced  in  Lebanon  county  1846-1886; 
prosecuting  attorney  for  Lebanon  county  1848- 
1849;  member  of  the  state  house  of  representatives 
1850--1851;  state  senator  1854-1857;  delegate  in  the 
Republican  national  convention  of  1856;  elected 
as  a  Republican  to  the  Thirty-sixth  and  Thirty- 
seventh  Congresses  (March  4,  1859-March  3,  1863); 
assessor  of  internal  revenue  1864-1866;  reelected  to 
the  Forty-second  and  Forty-third  Congresses 
(March  4,  1871-March  3,  1875);  again  reelected  to 
the  Forty-fifth  and  Forty-sixth  Congresses  (March 
4,  1877-March  3,  1881);  died  in  Lebanon,  Pa., 
June  30,  1896. 


Kimball,  Alanson  M.,  a  Representative  from 
Wisconsin;  born  in  Buxton,  Me.,  March  12,  1827; 
pursued  academic  studies;  moved  to  Wisconsin  in 
1852  and  engaged  in  farming  and  mercantile  pur- 
suits; elected  to  the  state  senate  1863-1864;  elected 
as  a  Republican  to  the  Forty-fourth  Congress 
(March  4,  1875-March  3,  1877);  defeated  as  the 
Republican  candidate  for  the  Forty-fifth  Congress. 

Kimball,  William  Preston,  a  Representative 
from  Kentucky;  born  near  East  Hickman,  Fay- 
ette  county,  Ky.,  November  4,  1857-  attended  the 
public  schools,  and  the  private  schools  of  Prof. 
Lyle  and  Prof.  Nesbit,  and  the  Kentucky  uni- 
versity in  Lexington;  studied  law,  was  admitted 
to  the  bar,  and  practiced  in  Lexington;  member 
of  the  state  legislature  1883-1884;  city  attorney 
of  Lexington  from  October,  1891,  to  January  1, 
1898;  county  attorney  of  Fayette  county  from 
January  1,  1898,  to  March  4,  1907;  elected  as  a 
Democrat  to  the  Sixtieth  Congress  (March  4,  1907- 
March  3, 1909);  defeated  for  renomination;  resumed 
the  practice  of  law  in  Lexington,  Ky. 

Kim  m  el,  William,  a  Representative  from  Mary- 
land; born  in  Baltimore,  Md.,  in  1812;  attended  St. 
Marys  and  Baltimore  colleges;  studied  law  and  was 
admitted  to  the  Baltimore  bar;  interested  in  agri- 
cultural and  in  business  pursuits;  state  director 
of  the  Baltimore  &  Ohio  railroad;  stockholder  and 
director  in  the  Canton  Company  of  Baltimore; 
director  in  the  Union  railroad  company  and  in  the 
Western  Maryland  extension;  member  of  the  state 
Democratic  committee  1862-1866;  delegate  in  the 
Democratic  national  convention  of  1864;  member 
of  the  state  senate  1866-1871;  elected  as  a  Demo- 
crat to  the  Forty-fifth  and  Forty-sixth  Congresses 
(March  4,  1877-March  3,  1881);  resumed  the  prac- 
tice of  law  in  Baltimore,  Md.,  and  died  there, 
December  28,  1886. 

Kincaid,  John,  a  Representative  from  Ken- 
tucky; born  near  Danville,  Mercer  county,  Ky., 
February  15,  1791;  attended  the  public  schools; 
studied  law  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar;  attorney 
for  the  commonwealth;  representative  in  the 
state  legislature  1819,  and  1836-1837;  circuit  judge; 
located  in  Stanford,  Ky.;  elected  as  a  Democrat 
to  the  Twenty-first  Congress  (March  4,  1829- 
March  3,  1831);  presidential  elector  in  1845;  died 
in  Gallatin,  Tenn.,  February  7,  1873;  interment 
in  Danville,  Ky. 

King,  Adam,  a  Representative  from  Pennsyl- 
vania; born  in  York,  Pa.,  in  1790;  pursued  academic 
studies;  studied  medicine  in  the  University  of 
Pennsylvania  and  practiced  in  York  several  years; 
edited  and  published  the  York  Gazette  for  ten 
years;  clerk  of  the  courts  of  York  county  1818- 
1826;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Twentieth, 
Twenty-first,  and  Twenty-second  Congresses 
(March  4,  1827-March  3,  1833);  defeated  for  elec- 
tion to  the  Twenty-third  Congress;  died  in  York, 
Pa.,  May  6,  1835. 

King,  Andrew,  a  Representative  from  Missouri; 
born  in  Greenbrier  county.  W.  Va.,  March  20, 1812; 
attended  the  common  schools;  studied  law,  was 
admitted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced  practice  in 
St.  Charles,  Mo. ;  member  of  the  state  senate  in  1846 
and  of  the  state  house  of  representatives  in  1858; 
judge  of  the  circuit  court,  nineteenth  judicial 
district  of  Missouri,  1859-1864;  elected  as  a  Demo- 
crat to  the  Forty-second  Congress  (March  4,  1871- 
March  3,  1873). 


BIOGRAPHIES. 


781 


'King,  Austin  Augustus,  a  Representative 
from  Missouri;  born  in  Sullivan  county,  Tenn., 
September  20,  1802;  attended  the  public  schools; 
studied  law  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1822; 
moved  to  Richmond,  Mo.,  in  1830;  state  repre- 
sentative in  1834  and  1836;  circuit  judge  of  the 
fifth  circuit  1837-1848;  governor  of  Missouri  1848- 
1853;  delegate  in  the  Democratic  national  conven- 
tion in  1860;  again  circuit  judge  1862-1863;  re- 
signed in  1863;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Thirty- 
eighth  Congress  (March  4,  1863-March  3,  1865); 
defeated  for  the  Thirty-ninth  Congress;  resumed 
the  practice  of  law;  died  in  St.  Louis,  Mo.,  April 
22,  1870;  interment  in  Richmond,  Mo. 

King,  Cyrus,  a  Representative  from  Massa- 
chusetts; born  in  Scarborough,  Me.,  September 
16,  1772;  pursued  classical  studies  in  Phillips 
academy,  Andover,  Mass.,  and  was  graduated  from 
Columbia  college  in  1794;  studied  law  in  New  York 
City  with  Rufus  King,  and  served  as  his  private 
secretary  when  he  was  minister  to  England  in  1796; 
completed  law  studies  in  Biddeford,  Me.,  and  was 
admitted  to  the  bar  in  1797,  and  commenced  prac- 
tice in  Saco,  Me.;  elected  as  a  Federalist  to  the 
Thirteenth  and  Fourteenth  Congresses  (March  4, 
1813-March  3,  1817);  died  in  Saco,  Me.,  April  25, 
1817. 

King,  Daniel  Putnam,  a  Representative  from 
Massachusetts;  born  in  Danyers,  Mass.,  January  8, 
1801;  pursued  classical  studies  and  was  graduated 
from  Harvard  college,  in  1823;  studied  law  and 
was  admitted  to  the  bar;  became  a  farmer;  mem- 
ber of  the  state  house  of  representatives  1836- 
1837;  member  of  the  state  senate  1838-1841,  and 
served  one  term  as  its  president;  member  of  house 
of  representatives  1836-1837,  and  1843-1844,  and 
speaker  in  the  last  session;  elected  as  a  Whig  to 
the  Twenty-eighth,  Twenty-ninth,  Thirtieth,  and 
Thirty-first  Congresses  and  served  from  March  4, 
1843  until  his  death  in  South  Danvers,  Mass., 
July  25,  1850. 

King,  George  Gordon,  a  Representative  from 
Rhode  Island;  born  in  Newport,  R.  I.,  June  9, 
1807;  pursued  classical  studies  in  Newport,  and 
in  Phillips  academy,  and  was  graduated  from 
Brown  university  in  1825;  attended  the  Litch- 
field,  Conn.,  law  school,  was  admitted  to  the  bar 
in  1827,  and  practiced  in  Providence  and  New- 
port; member  and  speaker  of  the  state  house  of 
representatives  1845-1846;  presidential  elector  on 
the  Whig  ticket  in  1848;  elected  as  a  Whig  to  the 
Thirty-first  and  Thirty-second  Congresses  (March 
4,  1849-March  3,  1853);  died  in  Newport,  R.  I., 
July  17,  1870. 

King,  Henry,  a  Representative  from  Pennsyl- 
vania; born  in  Palmer,  Hampden  county,  Mass., 
July  6, 1790;  pursued  classical  studies;  studied  law 
in  New  London,  Conn.,  and  Wilkes-Barre,  Pa.,  was 
admitted  to  the  Luzerne  county  bar  April  3,  1815 
and  began  practice  in  Allentown;  member  of  the 
state  senate  1826,  1827,  1828,  1830,  1831,  and  1832; 
elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Twenty-second  and 
Twenty-third  Congresses  (March  4,  1831-March  3, 
1835);  died  in  Allentown,  Pa.,  July  13,  1861. 

King,  James  Gore,  a  Representative  from  New 
Jersey;  born  in  New  York  City  May  8,  1791;  pur- 
sued classical  studies  in  England  and  in  France;  on 
his  return  was  graduated  from  Harvard  college  in 
1810;  studied  law  at  the  Litchfield  law  school,  but 
abandoned  it  to  serve  in  the  war  of  1812  as  assistant 
adjutant  general  of  New  York  militia;  engaged  in 
mercantile  pursuits  in  New  York  City,  1815,  and  in 


banking  in  Liverpool,  England,  in  1818;  returned 
to  New  York  City  in  1824  and  engaged  in  banking, 
with  residence  in  New  Jersey;  promoter  and  presi- 
dent of  the  Erie  railroad;  member  of  New  York 
chamber  of  commerce  from  1817,  and  its  vice  presi- 
dent 1841-1845,  president  1845-1848;  elected  as  a 
Whig  to  the  Thirty-first  Congress  (March  4,  1849- 
March  3, 1851);  died  in  Weehawken,  N.  J.,  October 
3,  1853. 

King,  John,  a  Representative  from  New  York; 
born  in  1775;  sheriff  of  Columbia  county,  N.  Y., 
1811-1813  and  1815-1819;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to 
the  Twenty-second  Goneness  (March  4,  1831-March 
3,  1833);  died  in  New  Lebanon,  N.  Y.,  Seprember 
1,  1838. 

King,  John  Alsop,  a  Representative  from  New 
York;  born  in  New  York  City  January  3,  1788;  at- 
tended Harrow  school,  England,  and  also  educated 
in  Paris;  returned  to  New  York  City,  studied  law, 
and  was  admitted  to  the  bar;  served  in  the  war  of 
1812  as  lieutanant  of  cavalry;  engaged  in  farming 
near  Jamaica,  N.  Y. ;  member  of  the  state  house  of 
representatives  1819-1821;  served  as  state  senator 
in  1823,  and  resigned  in  1825;  appointed  secretary 
of  the  legation  at  London  in  1825;  charge^  d'affaires 
June  15  to  August  5,  1826;  again  elected  a  state 
representative  in  1832,  1838,  and  1840;  elected  as 
a  Whig  to  the  Thirty-first  Congress  (March  4,  1849- 
March  3,  1851);  governor  of  New  York  1857-1858; 
delegate  in  the  first  Republican  national  conven- 
tion in  1856;  presidential  elector  on  the  Republi- 
can ticket  in  1860;  delegate  from  New  York  to  the 
peace  conference  of  1861;  died  in  Jamaica,  N.  Y., 
July  7,  1867. 

King,  John  Floyd,  a  Representative  from  Lou- 
isiana; born  in  Monticello,  near  St.  Marys,  Ga., 
April  20,  1842;  attended  the  Russell  school  New 
Haven,  Conn.,  Bartlett's  College  Hill  school, 
Poughkeepsie,  N.  Y.,  and  the  military  institute  of 
Georgia,  and  the  University  of  Virginia;  enlisted 
in  the  Confederate  army,  and  served  in  the  army  of 
Virginia;  promoted  by  various  grades  to  the  rank  of 
colonel  of  artillery;  moved  to  Louisiana  and  en- 
gaged in  planting;  studied  law;  appointed  briga- 
dier general  of  state  troops;  elected  inspector  of 
levees  and  president  of  the  board  of  school  directors 
of  his  district,  and  also  a  trustee  of  the  University  of 
the  South;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Forty- 
sixth,  Forty-seventh,  Forty-eighth,  and  Forty- 
ninth  Congresses  (March  4,  1879-March  3,  1887); 
engaged  in  mining  operations  with  residence  in 
Washington,  D.  C. 

King,  John  Pendleton,  a  Senator  from  Georgia; 
born  in  Glasgow,  Barren  county,  Ky.,  April  3, 1799; 
moved  with  parents  to  Bedford  county,  Tenn.,  in 
infancy;  moved  to  Augusta,  Ga.,  in  1815;  was 
graduated  from  Richmond  academy;  studied  law, 
was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1819,  and  practiced  in 
Augusta;  pursued  legal  studies  in  Europe  1822- 
1824;  returned  and  continued  law  practice  in 
Augusta,  Ga.,  until  1829;  member  of  the  state  con- 
stitutional convention  of  1830;  appointed  judge  of 
the  court  of  common  pleas  in  1831 ;  member  of  the 
state  constitutional  convention  of  1833;  elected  to 
the  United  States  Senate  as  a  Democrat,  to  fill 
vacancy  caused  by  the  resignation  of  George  M. 
Troup;  reelected  in  November,  1834,  and  served 
from  November  21,  1833,  until  November  1,  1837, 
when  he  resigned ;  president  of  the  Georgia  railroad 
and  banking  company  1841-1878;  member  of  the 
state  constitutional  convention  of  1865;  died  in 
Summerville,  Ga.,  March  19,  1888. 


782 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 


King,  Perkins,  a  Representative  from  New 
York;  born  in  New  Marlboro,  Mass.,  January  12, 
1784;  pursued  an  academic  course;  studied  law 
and  was  admitted  to  the  bar;  moved  to  Greenville 
N.  Y.,  in  1802,  where  he  began  practice;  town 
clerk  1815;  county  judge  of  Greene  county  1826- 
1850;  state  representative  in  1827;  elected  as  a 
Democrat  to  the  Twenty -first  Congress  (March  4, 
1829-March  3,  1831);  died  in  Freehold,  Greene 
county,  N.  Y.,  November  29,  1875. 

King,  Preston,  a  Representative  and  a  Senator 
from  New  York;  born  in  Ogdensburg,  N.  Y.,  Octo- 
ber 14,  1806;  pursued  classical  studies  and  was 
graduated  from  Union  college  in  1827;  studied  law, 
was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  began  practice  in  St. 
Lawrence  county,  N.  Y.;  established  the  St.  Law- 
rence Republican  in  1830;  postmaster  of  Ogdens- 
burg 1831-1834;  member  of  the  state  house  of  rep- 
resentatives 1835-1838;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to 
the  Twenty-eighth  and  Twenty-ninth  Congresses 
(March  4,  1843-March  3,  1847);  reelected  to  the 
Thirty-first  and  Thirty-second  Congresses  (March  4, 
1849-March  3,  1853);  elected  as  a  Republican  to 
the  United  States  Senate,  and  served  from  March  4, 
1857,  to  March  3,  1863;  resumed  practice  in  New 
York  City;  delegate  in  the  national  convention,  and 
presidential  elector  on  the  Republican  ticket  in 
1864;  appointed  by  President  Johnson  collector  of 
the  port  of  New  York  August  15,  1865;  drowned 
from  a  ferryboat  in  New  York  harbor,  N.  Y.,  No- 
vember 12,1865;  interment  in  Ogdensburg,  N.  Y. 

King,  Rufus,  a  Delegate  from  Massachusetts  and 
a  Senator  from  New  York;  born  in  Scarboro,  Mass, 
(now  Maine),  March  24,  1755;  pursued  classical 
studies,  and  was  graduated  from  Harvard  college  in 
1777;  studied  law  in  Newburyport;  served  in  the 
Revolutionary  war;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  and 
began  practice  in  1780;  state  representative  in  1782; 
Delegate  from  Massachusetts  in  the  Continental 
Congress  1784-1787;  delegate  to  the  state  constitu- 
tional convention  1787,  and  also  to  the  Federal  con- 
stitutional convention;  moved  to  New  York  City 
in  1788;  member  of  the  state  house  of  representa- 
tives in  1789-1790;  elected  as  a  Federalist  to  the 
United  States  Senate  in  1789;  reelected  in  1795, 
and  served  from  July  16,  1789,  until  May  18,  1796, 
when  he  resigned;  minister  to  Great  Britain  May 
20,  1796,  to  May  18,  1803;  Federalist  candidate  for 
vice  president  in  1804,  and  defeated;  again  elected 
to  the  United  States  Senate  in  1813;  reelected  in 
1819,  and  served  from  March  4,  1813,  to  March  3, 
1825;  defeated  as  the  Federalist  candidate  for  gov- 
ernor of  New  York  in  1815,  and  for  President  of  the 
United  States  in  1816;  again  minister  to  Great  Brit- 
ain May  5,  1825,  to  June  16,  1826;  died  in  Jamaica, 
N.  Y.,  April  29,  1827. 

King,  Rufus  H.,  a  Representative  from  New 
York;  born  in  Rensselaerville,  Albany  county, 
N.  Y.,  January  20,  1820;  completed  preparatory 
studies,  and  was  graduated  from  Wesleyan  univer- 
sity, Lima,  N.  Y. ;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the 
bar  in  1843,  and  practiced  in  Catskill,  N.  Y.; 
elected  as  a  Whig  to  the  Thirty-fourth  Congress 
(March  4, 1855-March  3, 1857);  presidential  elector 
on  the  Republican  ticket  in  1860;  delegate  in  the 
Republican  national  conventions  of  1868  and  1880; 
president  of  the  Catskill  savings  bank  1885-1890; 
died  in  Catskill,  N.  Y.,  September  13,  1890. 

King,  Thomas  Butler,  a  Representative  from 
Georgia;  born  in  Palmer,  Mass.,  August  27,  1797, 
attended  Westfield  academy;  studied  law,  was 
admitted  to  the  bar  in  Philadelphia,and  began  prac- 


tice in  Waynesville,  Ga.,  in  1823;  member  of  the 
state  senate  in  1832, 1834, 1835,  and  1837;  elected  as 
a  Whig  to  the  Twenty-sixth  and  Twenty-seventh 
Congresses  (March  4, 1839-March  3, 1843) ;  defeated 
for  the  Twenty-eighth  Congress;  reelected  as  a 
Whig  to  the  Twenty-ninth,  Thirtieth,  and  Thirty- 
first  Congresses,  and  served  from  March  4,  1845, 
until  February  27,  1851,  when  he  resigned;  ap- 
pointed by  President  Fillmore  collector  of  the  port 
of  San  Francisco,  Cal.,  February  27,  1851,  and 
served  until  December  1,  1852,  wnen  he  resigned; 
returned  to  Georgia  and  elected  state  senator  in 
1859;  delegate  in  the  Democratic  national  conven- 
tion of  1860;  appointed  a  commissioner  of  Georgia 
in  1861,  to  visit  Europe  in  advance  of  trade,  and  a 
commissioner  of  the  Confederacy  in  Europe  1861- 
1863;  died  in  Waresboro,  Ga.,  May  10,  1864. 

King,  William  Henry,  a  Representative  from 
Utah;  born  in  Fillmore  City,  Millard  county,  Utah, 
June  1, 1863;  attended  the  public  schools,  the  Brig- 
ham  Young  academy,  the  state  university,  and  was 
graduated  from  the  law  department  of  the  Univer- 
sity of  Michigan,  and  commenced  practice  in  Fill- 
more  City;  county  attorney,  county  clerk,  city 
assessor  and  collector,  city  recorder,  member  of  the 
city  council,  school  trustee;  elected  a  member  of 
the  legislature  and  reelected;  in  1889  moved  to 
Provo  City,  Utah;  in  1891  elected  to  the  territorial 
legislature,  and  president  of  the  council;  county 
attorney  of  Utah  county;  city  attorney  of  Provo 
City;  appointed  associate  judge  of  the  supreme 
court  of  Utah  in  July,  1894;  elected  as  a  Democrat 
to  the  Fifty-fifth  Congress  (March  4,  1897-March  3, 
1899);  reelected  to  the  Fifty-sixth  Congress,  to  fill 
vacancy  caused  by  the  unseating  of  Brigham  H. 
Roberts,  and  served  from  April  25, 1900,  to  March  3, 
1901;  defeated  for  the  Fifty-seventh  Congress;  re- 
sumed the  practice  of  law  in  Salt  Lake  City,  Utah. 

King,  William  Rufus,  a  Representative  from 
North  Carolina,  and  a  Senator  from  Alabama;  born 
in  Sampson  county,  N.  C.,  April  7,  1786;  was 
graduated  from  the  University  of  North  Carolina 
in  1803;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar 
in  1806,  and  began  practice  in  Clinton;  member  of 
the  state  house  of  commons  1807-1809;  city  solicitor 
of  Wilmington,  N.  C.,  1810;  elected  as  a  Demo- 
crat to  the  Twelfth,  Thirteenth,  and  Fourteenth 
Congresses,  and  served  from  March  4,  1811,  until 
November  4,  1816,  when  he  resigned;  secretary  of 
legation  at  St.  Petersburg;  returned  to  the  United 
States  in  1818  and  located  in  Cahaba,  Ala.;  and  in 
1826,  moved  to  Selma,  Ala.;  became  a  planter; 
elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  United  States  Senate, 
twice  reelected,  and  served  from  December  14, 
1819,  until  April  15,  1844,  when  he  resigned;  min- 
ister to  France  1844-1846;  appointed  to  the  United 
States  Senate,  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  the  resig- 
nation of  Arthur  P.  Bagby;  reelected  and  served 
from  July  1,  1848  to  January  18,  1853,  when  he  re- 
signed; elected  president  pro  tempore  of  the  Senate 
May  6,  and  July  11,  1850;  resigned  as  president 
pro  tempore  December  20,  1852;  elected  Vice 
President  of  the  United  States  in  1852,  and  took 
the  oath  of  office  in  Habana,  Cuba,  where  he  had 
gone  for  his  health,  March  4,  1853;  a  privilege  •ex- 
tended by  special  act  of  Congress;  returned  to 
Cahaba,  Ala.,  and  died  there,  April  18,  1853. 

King,  William  S.,  a  Representative  from  Min- 
nesota; born  in  Malone,  N.  Y.,  December  16,  1828; 
attended  the  common  schools;  engaged  iniarming, 
postmaster  of  the  House  of  Representatives  in  the 
Thirty-seventh,  Thirty-eighth,  Fortieth,  Forty- 


BIOGRAPHIES. 


783 


first,  and  Forty -second  Congresses;  elected  as  a 
Republican  to  the  Forty-fourth  Congress  (March  4, 
1875-March  3,  1877);  died  in  Minneapolis,  Minn., 
February  24,  1900. 

Kingsbury,  William  Wallace,  a  Delegate  from 
Minnesota  territory;  born  in  Towanda,  Pa.,  June 
4,  1828;  attended  the  public  schools;  was  engaged 
as  a  commission  merchant  in  Baltimore,  Md.,  for 
three  years;  moved  to  Endion,  Minn.;  member  of 
the  territorial  legislature  1855-1856;  delegate  in 
the  state  constitutional  convention;  elected  to  the 
Thirty-fifth  Congress  (March  4,  1857-March  3, 
1859);  returned  to  Towanda,  Pa.;  died  in  Tarpon 
Springs,  Fla.,  April  17,  1892. 

Kincaid,  Moses  P.,  a  Representative  from 
Nebraska;  born  near  Morgantown,  Monongalia 
county,  W.  Va.,  January  24,  1856;  was  graduated 
from  the  law  department  of  the  University  of 
Michigan  in  1876;  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and 
practiced  in  O'Neill?  Nebr.;  member  of  the  state 
senate  in  1883;  district  judge  from  April,  1887,  to 
January,  1900;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the 
Fifty-eighth,  Fifty-ninth,  Sixtieth,  and  Sixty-first 
Congresses  (March  4,  1903-March  3,  1911).  Re- 
elected  to  the  Sixty-second  Congress. 

Kinkead,  Eugene  Francis,  a  Representative 
from  New  Jersey;  born  in  county  Cork,  Ireland, 
March  27,  1876,  and  while  his  parents  were  upon  a 
visit  abroad;  attended  public  schools  in  Jersey 
City,  N.  J.,  and  was  graduated  from  Seaton  Hall, 
South  Orange,  N.  J.,  in  1895;  engaged  in  business 
in  Jersey  City;  city  alderman  in  1898,  and  presi- 
dent of  the  board;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the 
Sixty-first  Congress  (March  4,  1909-March  3,  1911). 
Reeelected  to  the  Sixty-second  Congress. 

Kinloch,  Francis,  a  Delegate  from  South  Caro- 
lina; born  in  Charleston,  S.  C.,  March  7,  1755;  edu- 
cated in  Eton,  England;  commissioned  captain 
in  the  Continental  army  in  the  Revolutionary  war; 
wounded  at  the  attack  on  Savannah  in  1779;  a 
Delegate  in  the  Continental  Congress  1780-1781; 
was  a  representative  in  the  South  Carolina  legis- 
lature several  terms;  a  justice  of  the  peace;  dele- 
gate in  the  convention  to  adopt  the  Federal  con- 
stitution in  1787;  member  of  the  legislative  council 
in  1789,  and  of  the  state  constitutional  convention 
of  1790;  died  in  Charleston,  S.  C.,  February  8, 1826. 

Kinnard,  George  L.,  a  Representative  from 
Indiana;  born  in  Pennsylvania  in  1803;  moved  with 
his  widowed  mother  to  Tennessee,  and  completed 
preparatory  studies;  moved  to  Indianapolis,  Ind., 
in  1823;  held  several  local  offices;  studied  law,  was 
admitted  to  the  bar,  and  practiced  in  Marion 
county,  Ind.;  a  representative  in  the  state  legisla- 
ture, state  auditor,  and  colonel  of  state  militia; 
elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Twenty- third  and 
Twenty-fourth  Congresses,  and  served  from  March 
4,  1833,  until  his  death  from  injuries  received  in 
the  explosion  on  the  steamer  Flora,  on  the  Ohio 
river,  November  25,  1836. 

Kinney,  John  Fitch,  a  Delegate  from  Utah 
territory;  born  in  New  Haven,  Oswego  county, 
N.  Y.,  April  2, 1816;  completed  preparatory  studies; 
studied  law,  moved  to  Marysville,  Ohio,  and  was 
admitted  to  the  bar  in  1837,  and  began  practice; 
moved  to  Mount  Vernon,  Ohio,  in  1839,  and  from 
there  to  Lee  county,  Iowa,  in  1844;  secretary  of 
legislative  council,  and  prosecuting  attorney  of  Lee 
county;  judge  of  the  supreme  court  of  Iowa  from 
1847  until  January,  1854,  when  he  resigned;  ap- 


pointed by  President  Pierce  chief  justice  of  the 
supreme  court  of  the  territory  of  Utah,  and  served 
from  January,  1854,  to  1857;  moved  to  Nebraska 
territory  and  practiced  law  1857-1860;  again  ap- 
pointed, by  President  Buchanan,  chief  justice 
of  the  territory  of  Utah,  June  26,  I860,  and  served 
until  March,  1863,  with  residence  in  Salt  Lake 
City;  elected  as  a  Democrat  a  Delegate  from  Utah 
territory  to  the  Thirty-eighth  Congress  (March  4, 
1863-March  3,  1865);  returned  to  Nebraska  City, 
Nebr.  Ty.;  appointed  by  President  Johnson  a  com- 
missioner to  visit  the  Sioux  Indians  and  inquire 
into  the  Fort  Phil  Kearney  massacre  of  December, 
1866,  in  February,  1867;  appointed  by  President 
Arthur  agent  of  the  Yankton  Sioux  Indians  in 
Dakota  June  27,  1884;  confirmed  December  11, 
1884,  and  served  until  January  1,  1889,  when  he 
resigned;  returned  to  law  practice  in  Nebraska  City, 
Nebr. 

Kinsella,  Thomas,  a  Representative  from  New 
York;  born  in  county  Wexford,  Ireland,  December 
31,  1832;  attended  the  common  schools;  member 
city  water  commission  and  board  of  education; 
postmaster  of  Brooklyn;  became  editor  of  Brooklyn 
Daily  Eagle  September  7,  1861;  elected  as  a  Demo- 
crat to  the  Forty-second  Congress  (March  4,  1871- 
March  3,  1873);  died  in  Brooklyn,  N.  Y.,  February 
11,  1884. 

Kinsey,  Charles,  a  Representative  from  New 
Jersey;  born  in  Baltimore,  Md.,  in  1773;  attended 
the  common  schools;  in  early  life  engaged  in  the 
paper  manufacture;  moved  to  Bloomfield  town- 
ship, Essex  county,  N.  J.,  and  continued  the 
industry;  moved  to  Paterson,  N.  J.,  in  1803;  elected 
to  the  state  assembly  in  1812,  and  1813;  elected 
to  the  Fifteenth  and  Sixteenth  Congresses  (March 
4,  1817-March  3,  1821);  again  elected  to  the  state 
assembly  in  1826;  moved  to  New  Prospect,  near 
Hohokus,  Bergen  county,  N.  J.,  and  carried  on  the 
manufacture  of  paper;  appointed  one  of  the  common 
pleas  judges  of  Bergen  county  in  1830,  1835  and 
1840;  died  in  New  Prospect,  N.  J.,  June  25,  1849; 
interment  just  west  of  Waldwick,  on  the  Erie 
Railway. 

Kinsey,  James,  a  Delegate  from  New  Jersey; 
born  in  Philadelphia,  Pa.,  March  22, 1731;  attended 
the  common  schools;  studied  law,  was  admitted 
to  the  bar,  and  practiced  in  the  courts  of  Pennsyl- 
vania and  New  Jersey;  member  of  the  New  Jersey 
assembly  in  1772;  member  of  the  committee  of 
correspondence  for  Burlington  county;  Delegate 
in  the  Continental  Congress  in  1774,  and  resigned 
in  November  of  that  year;  chief  justice  of  New 
Jersey  from  1789,  until  his  death  in  Burlington,  N. 
J.,  January  4,  1803. 

Kinsey,  William  Metcalfe,  a  Representative 
from  Missouri;  born  in  Mount  Pleasant,  Jefferson 
county,  Ohio,  October  28, 1846;  attended  Hopedale 
academy,  Harrison  county,  Ohio,  and  Monmouth 
college,  Illinois;  became  a  resident  of  Muscatine 
county,  Iowa,  in  1863;  studied  law  in  the  Iowa 
state  university  in  1871,  and  was  admitted  to  the 
bar  and  practiced  in  Iowa;  moved  to  St.  Louis, 
Mo.,  and  engaged  in  the  practice  of  law  in  1875; 
elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  PHfty-first  Congress 
(March  4,  1889-March  3,  1891);  defeated  for  re- 
election to  the  Fifty-second  Congress;  resumed  the 
practice  of  law  in  St.  Louis,  Mo.;  judge  of  the  cir- 
cuit court  of  the  city  of  St.  Louis. 

Kinsley,  Martin,  a  Representative  from  Massa- 
chusetts; born  in  Bridgewater,  Mass.,  June  2,  1754; 


784 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 


was  graduated  from  Harvard  college  in  1778;  stud- 
ied medicine;  purveyor  of  supplies  in  the  Revolu- 
tionary army;  served  thirty  years  as  a  member  of 
the  state  house  of  representatives;  held  local  offices; 
elected  to  the  Sixteenth  Congress  (March  4,  1819- 
March  3,  1821) ;  defeated  for  reelection  to  the  Seven- 
teenth Congress. 

Kipp,  George  Washington,  a  Representative 
from  Pennsylvania;  born  in  Green  township,  Pike 
county,  Pa.,  March  28,  1847;  attended  the  public 
schools;  engaged  in  the  lumber  business  for  thirty- 
five  years;  served  as  county  commissioner  of  Wayne 
county,  Pa.,  in  1880;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the 
Sixtieth  Congress  (March  4,  1907-March  3,  1909); 
defeated  on  the  Democratic  ticket  for  state  treas- 
urer of  Pennsylvania  in  1909;  reelected  to  the 
Sixty-second  Congress,  but  died,  before  the  begin- 
ning of  the  congressional  term,  on  the  west  coast 
of  Vancouver  Island,  British  Columbia,  July  24, 
1911;  interment  in  Towanda,  Pa. 

Kirkland,  Joseph,  a  Representative  from  New 
York;  born  in  Old  Norwich,  Conn.,  January  18, 
1770;  was  graduated  from  Yale  in  1790;  studied 
law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  began  practice 
in  New  Hartford,  N.  Y.;  member  of  the  state  con- 
stitutional convention  of  1801;  member  of  the  state 
house  of  representatives  1804-1805;  moved  to 
Utica,  N.  Y.;  district  attorney  1813-1815;  member 
of  the  state  house  of  representatives  1818,  1820, 
1821,  and  1825;  elected  to  the  Seventeenth  Congress 
(March  4,  1821-March  3,  1823);  mayor  of  Utica 
1832, 1834,  and  1835;  died  in  Utica,  N.  Y.,  January 
26,  1844. 

Kirkpatrick,  Littleton,  a  Representative  from 
New  Jersey;  born  in  New  Brunswick,  N.  J.,  Octo- 
ber 19,  1797;  was  graduated  from  Princeton  college 
in  1815;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in 
1818,  and  began  practice  in  New  Brunswick; 
elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Twenty-eighth  Con- 
gress (March  4,  1843-March  3,  1845);  trustee  of 
Rutgers  college  1841-1859;  mayor  of  New  Bruns- 
wick, 1857-1858;  died  in  Saratoga  Springs,  N.  Y., 
August  15,  1859;  interment  in  New  Brunswick, 
N.J. 

Kirkpatrick,  Snyder  Solomon,  a  Representa- 
tive from  Kansas;  born  in  Franklin  county, 111., 
February  21,  1848;  attended  the  common  schools; 
engaged  in  mercantile  business  in  1865;  entered 
the  law  school  at  Ann  Arbor,  Mich.,  in  1867;  re- 
turned to  Illinois,  admitted  to  the  bar  by  the  su- 
preme court  of  Illinois  in  July,  1868;  moved  to 
Kansas  in  1873,  and  located  in  Fredonia;  engaged 
in  the  practice  of  law;  elected  county  attorney  of 
Wilson  county  in  1879;  member  of  the  state  senate; 
elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Fifty-fourth  Congress 
(March  4, 1895-March  3,  1897);  defeated  for  reelec- 
tion to  Fifty-fifth,  Fifty-sixth,  and  Fifty-seventh 
Congresses;  elected  to  the  Kansas  legislature  in 
1902,  and  served  1903-1905;  died  in  Fredonia, 
Kas.,  April  5,  1909. 

Kirkpatrick,  William,  a  Representative  from 
New  York;  born  in  Amwell,  N.  J.,  November  7, 
1769;  was  graduated  from  Princeton  college  in 
1788;  studied  medicine  and  commenced  practice 
in  Whitestown,  N.  Y.;  moved  to  Salina,  N.  Y.,  in 
1806;  and  was  superintendent  of  the  Onondaga 
salt  springs,  1805-1807  and  1810-1831;  elected  to 
the  Tenth  Congress  (March  4,  1807-March  3,  1809); 
died  in  Salina,  N.  Y.,  September  2,  1832. 

Kirkpatrick,  William  Sebring,  a  Representa- 
tive from  Pennsylvania;  born  in  Easton,  Pa., 


April  21,  1844;  attended  Lafayette  college;  studied 
law  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar  October  2,  1865; 
solicitor  of  Easton  186(^-1874;  president  judge  of 
the  third  judicial  district;  presided  temporarily 
over  the  Republican  state  convention  of  1882; 
delegate  in  the  Republican  national  convention 
in  Chicago  in  1884;  attorney  general  of  Pennsyl- 
vania 1887-1891;  lecturer  on  municipal  law  in  and 
trustee  of  Lafayette  college;  elected  as  a  Republi- 
can to  the  Fifty-fifth  Congress  (March  4,  1897- 
March  3,  1899);  resumed  the  practice  of  law  in 
Easton,  Pa. 

Kirkwood,  Samuel  Jordan,  a  Senator  from 
Iowa;  born  in  Harford  county,  Md.,  December  20, 
1813;  attended  the  common  schools,  and  the 
academy  of  John  McLeod  in  Washington,  D.  C.; 
moved  to  Richland  county,  Ohio,  in  1835;  studied 
law  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1843;  prosecut- 
ing attorney  of  Richland  county  in  1845-1849; 
member  of  the  state  constitutional  convention  of 
1850-1851;  moved  to  Johnson  county,  Iowa,  in 
1855;  elected  to  the  state  senate  in  1856;  elected 
governor  in  1859  and  1861;  appointed  by  Presi- 
dent Lincoln  minister  to  Denmark,  March  7,  1863, 
but  declined  the  appointment;  elected  as  a  Re- 
publican to  the  United  States  Senate,  to  fill 
vacancy  caused  by  the  resignation  of  James  Harlan, 
and  served  from  January  13,  1866,  to  March  3, 
1867;  again  elected  governor  of  Iowa  in  1875,  and 
resigned  in  January,  1877;  reelected  to  the  United 
States  Senate,  and  served  from  March  4,  1877, 
to  March  7,  1881,  when  he  resigned;  Secretary  of 
the  Interior  in  President  Garfield's  cabinet  March 
5,  1881;  entered  upon  duties  March  8,  following, 
and  served  until  April  6,  1882,  when  he  resigned; 
died  in  Iowa  City,  Iowa,  February  1,  1894. 

Kirtland,  Dorrance,  a  Representative  from 
New  York;  native  of  Coxsackie,  N.  Y. ;  born  in  1770; 
was  graduated  from  Yale  college  in  1789;  surrogate 
of  Greene  county  1808-1810  and  1811-1838;  elected 
to  the  Fifteenth  Congress  (March  4,  1817-March  3, 
1819);  county  judge  1828-1838. 

Kitchell,  Aaron,  a  Representative  and  a  Sena- 
tor from  New  Jersey;  born  in  Hanover,  N.  J., 
July  10,  1744;  attended  the  common  schools,  and 
became  a  blacksmith;  elected  as  an  Anti-Feder- 
alist to  the  Second,  Third,  and  Fourth  Congresses 
(March  4,  1791-March  3,  1797);  reelected  to  the 
Sixth  Congress  (March  4,  1799-March  3,  1801); 
elected  to  the  United  States  Senate  and  served 
from  March  4,  1805,  to  March  12,  1809,  when  he 
resigned;  was  a  representative  in  the  state  assem- 
bly; presidential  elector  on  the  Monroe  and 
Tompkins  ticket  in  1817;  died  in  Hanover,  N.  J., 
June  25,  1820. 

Kitchen,  Bethuel  Middleton,  a  Representa- 
tive from  West  Virginia;  born  in  Berkeley  county, 
W.  Va.,  March  21,  1812;  attended  the  common 
schools;  engaged  in  farming;  member  of  the  state 
legislature  1861-1862;  member  of  the  state  senate 
1864-1865;  presented  credentials  as  a  Member- 
elect  to  the  Thirty-eighth  Congress,  but  not  ad- 
mitted; elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Fortieth 
Congress  (March  4,  1867-March  3,  1869);  died  in 
Berkeley  county,  W.  Va.,  December  15,  1895. 

Kitchin,  Claude,  a  Representative  from  North 
Carolina;  born  near  Scotland  Neck,  in  Halifax 
county,  N.  C.,  March  24,  1869;  attended  the  com- 
mon schools,  and  was  graduated  from  Wake  Forest 
college  in  June,  1888;  studied  law,  was  admitted 
to  the  bar  in  September,  1890,  and  practiced  in 


BIOGRAPHIES. 


785 


Scotland  Neck;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Fifty- 
seventh,  Fifty-eighth,  Fifty-ninth,  Sixtieth,  and 
Sixty-first  Congresses  (March  4,  1901-March  3, 
1911).  Reelected  to  the  Sixty-second  Congress. 

Kitchin,  William  Hodges,  a  Representative 
from  North  Carolina;  born  in  Lauderdale  countys 
Ala.,  December  22,  1837;  moved  with  his  parents 
to  North  Carolina  in  1841;  attended  Emory  and 
Henry  college  in  western  Virginia;  left  college  in 
April,  1861,  to  enlist  in  the  Confederate  army; 
made  captain  in  1863,  and  served  through  the  war; 
studied  law,  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1869,  and 
practiced  in  Scotland  Neck,  N.  C.;  elected  as  a 
Democrat  to  the  Forty-sixth  Congress  (March  4, 
1879-March  3,  1881);  died  in  Scotland  Neck, 
N.  C.,  February  2,  1901. 

Kitchin,  William  Walton,  a  Representative 
from  North  Carolina;  born  near  Scotland  Neck, 
N.  C.,  October  9,  1866;  was  a  student  in  Vine 
Hill  academy,  and  was  graduated  from  Wake 
Forest  college  in  1884;  edited  the  Scotland  Neck 
Democrat  in  1885;  studied  law  in  Scotland  Neck, 
and  in  the  University  of  North  Carolina  in  1887, 
and  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1887;  located  in 
Roxboro,  N.  C.,  in  1888;  chairman  of  the  county 
executive  committee  in  1890;  nominee  of  his 

Sirty  for  the  state  senate  in  1892;  elected  as  a 
emocrat  to  the  Fifty-fifth,  and  to  the  five  suc- 
ceeding Congresses  (March  4,  1897-March  3,  1909); 
governor  of  North  Carolina  in  1909-1913. 

Kittera,  John  Wilkes,  a  Representative  from 
Pennsylvania;  born  in  East  Earl  township,  Lan- 
caster county,  fa.,  1753;  was  graduated  from 
Princeton  college  in  1776;  studied  law,  was  ad- 
mitted to  the  Philadelphia  bar  in  December, 
1782,  and  practiced  in  Lancaster,  Pa.;  elected  as 
a  Federalist  to  the  Second,  Third,  Fourth,  Fifth, 
and  Sixth  Congresses  (March  4,  1791-March  3, 
1801);  appointed  by  President  Jefferson  United 
States  attorney  for  the  eastern  district  of  Penn- 
sylvania, March  4,  1801;  moved  to  Philadelphia, 
and  served  until  his  death  in  that  city,  June  8, 
1801. 

Kittera,  Thomas,  a  Representative  from  Penn- 
sylvania; born  in  Lancaster,  Pa.,  March  21,  1789; 
completed  preparatory  studies,  and  was  graduated 
from  the  University  of  Pennsylvania,  A.  B.,  1805, 
A.  M.,  1808;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar 
March  8,  1808,  and  began  practice  in  Philadelphia; 
deputy  attorney  general  of  Pennsylvania  1817- 
1818;  deputy  attorney  general  of  Philadelphia 
1824-1826;  member  of  the  select  council  and  its 
president  1824-1826;  elected  to  the  Nineteenth 
Congress,  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  the  resigna- 
tion of  Joseph  Hemphill,  and  served  from  Decem- 
ber 4,  1826,  to  March  3,  1827;  died  in  Philadel- 
phia, June  16,  1839. 

Kitteridge,  George  Washington,  a  Repre- 
sentative from  New  Hampshire;  born  in  Epping, 
N.  H.,  January  31,  1805;  received  a  liberal  school- 
ing; attended  the  Harvard  medical  college  in  Cam- 
bridge, Mass.,  and  began  practice  in  New  Market, 
N.  H.,  in  1835;  member  of  the  state  house  of  rep- 
resentatives three  years,  and  speaker  in  1852; 
elected  to  the  Thirty-third  Congress  as  an  Anti- 
Nebraska  Democrat;  defeated  as  the  Democratic 
candidate  for  reelection;  died  in  New  Market, 
N.  H.,  March  6,  1881;  interment  in  Forest  Hill 
cemetery,  near  Boston,  Mass. 

Kittredge,  Alfred  Beard,  a  Senator  from 
South  Dakota;  born  in  Nelson,  Cheshire  county, 

50346°— S.  Doc.  654,  61-2 50 


N.  H.,  March  28,  1861;  was  graduated  from  Yale 
college  in  1882,  and  from  the  law  school  in  1885; 
was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced  practice 
in  Sioux  Falls,  S.  Dak.;  appointed  as  a  Republican 
to  the  United  States  Senate  July  11,  1901,  to  fill 
vacancy  caused  by  the  death  of  James  H.  Kyle; 
reelected  in  1903,  and  served  from  July  11,  1901, 
to  March  3,  1909;  resumed  the  practice  of  law  in 
Sioux  Falls,  S.  Dak.;  died  in  Hot  Springs,  Ark., 
May  4,  1911. 

Kleberg,  Rudolph,  a  Representative  from 
Texas;  born  in  Austin  county,  Tex.,  June  26, 
1847;  completed  preparatory  studies;  enlisted  in 
Tom  Green's  brigade  of  cavalry  in  the  Confederate 
army  in  the  spring  of  1864,  and  served  until  the 
close  of  the  war;  studied  law  in  San  Antonio, 
Tex.,  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1872;  located 
in  Cuero,  Tex.,  and  established  the  Cuero  Star 
in  1873;  elected  county  attorney  in  1876;  reelected 
in  1878,  and  practiced  law;  elected  to  the  state 
senate  in  1882;  appointed  United  States  attorney 
for  the  western  district  of  Texas  in  1885;  elected 
as  a  Democrat  to  the  Fifty-fourth  Congress,  to  fill 
vacancy  caused  by  the  death  of  William  H.  Grain; 
reelected  to  the  Fifty-fifth,  Fifty-sixth,  and  Fifty- 
seventh  Congresses,  and  served  from  May  5,  1896, 
to  March  3,  1903;  appointed  official  reporter,  court 
of  criminal  appeals  February  24,  1905;  a  resident 
of  Austin,  Tex. 

Kleiner,  John  Jay,  a  Representative  from 
Indiana;  born  in  West  Hanover,  Pa.,  February 
8,  1845;  manufacturer  and  dealer  in  hard -wood 
lumber;  enlisted  in  company  G,  eighty-sixth  Ohio 
volunteer  infantry  from  June  20,  1863,  to  Feb- 
ruary 10,  1864;  resided  in  Woodworth,  Ohio,  1864- 
1867;  moved  to  Eyansville,  Ind.,  in  1867;  member 
of  the  city  council  of  Evansville,  in  1873;  mayor 
1874-1880;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Forty- 
eighth  and  Forty-ninth  Congresses  (March  4,  1883- 
March  3,  1887);  died  in  Takoma  Park,  Md.,  April 
8,  1911. 

Klepper,  Frank  B.,  a  Representative  from 
Missouri;  born  in  St.  John,  Putnam  county,  Mo., 
June  22,  1864;  moved  with  his  parents  to  Mirabile, 
Caldwell  county,  Mp.,  where  he  remained  for  ten 
years;  moved  to  Clinton  county,  Mo.,  where  he 
engaged  in  farming;  attended  the  common  schools, 
and  Baker  university,  Baldwin  City,  Kans.; 
taught  school  two  years;  studied  law,  was  gradu- 
ated from  the  law  department  of  the  Missouri  state 
university,  and  commenced  practice  in  Polo, 
Caldwell  county,  Mo.;  elected  prosecuting  at- 
torney of  Caldwell  county  in  1900,  and  reelected 
for  term  ending  January  1,  1905;  elected  as  a  Re- 
publican to  the  Fifty-ninth  Congress  (March  4, 
1905-March  3,  1907);  resumed  the  practice  of  law 
in  Kingston,  Mo. 

Kligensmith,  John,  jr.,  a  Representative  from 
Pennsylvania;  native  of  Westmoreland  county, 
Pennsylvania,  and  a  resident  of  Stewartsville; 
sheriff  of  the  county  for  one  term;  elected  as  a 
Democrat  to  the  Twenty-fourth  and  Twenty-fifth 
Congresses  (March  4, 1835-March  3, 1839);  secretary 
of  the  land  office  of  Pennsylvania  1839-1842. 

Kline,  Marcus  Charles  Lawrence,  a  Repre- 
sentative from  Pennsylvania;  born  in  Salisbury 
township,  Lehigh  county,  Pa.,  March  26,  1855; 
attended  the  common  schools  in  the  borough  of 
Emaus,  Pa.,  and  was  graduated  from  Muhlenberg 
college  June  26,  1874;  admitted  to  practice  in  the 
several  courts  of  Lehigh  county  June  5,  1876; 


786 


CONGRESSIONAL   DIEECTOEY. 


elected  city  solicitor  of  Allen  town,  Pa.,  in  April, 
1877,  district  attorney  for  the  county  of  Lehigh 
January,  1887-January,  1890;  chairman  of  the 
Democratic  county  committee  of  Lehigh  during 
the  years  1895, 1896, 1897,  1898,  and  1899;  delegate 
in  the  Democratic  national  convention  of  1908; 
elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Fifty-eighth  and 
Fifty-ninth  Congresses  (March  4,  1903-March  3, 
1907);  died  in  Allentown,  Lehigh  county,  Pa., 
March  10,  1911. 

Klotz,  Robert,  a  Representative  from  Pennsyl- 
vania; born  in  Northampton  (now  Carbon)  county, 
Pa.,  October  27,  1819;  completed  preparatory 
studies;  elected  first  register  and  recorder  of  Carbon 
county  in  1843 ;  served  in  the  war  with  Mexico  in 
the  second  Pennsylvania  volunteers  as  private, 
lieutenant,  and  adjutant  1846-1847;  elected  to  the 
state  house  of  representatives  in  1848,  and  reelected 
in  1849;  moved  to  Pawnee,  Kans.,  in  1855;  member 
of  the  Topeka  constitutional  convention,  and 
served  as  the  first  secretary  of  state;  brigadier  gen- 
eral under  the  Robinson  government;  returned  to 
Mauch  Chunk,  Pa.;  elected  treasurer  of  Carbon 
county  in  1859;  enlisted  in  the  Union  army  in  1861; 
colonel  of  the  nineteenth  regiment  at  Chambers- 
burg,  in  1862;  trustee  of  the  Lehigh  university  in 
Bethlehem;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Forty- 
sixth  and  Forty-seventh  Congresses  (March  4, 1879- 
March  3, 1883);  died  in  Mauch  Chunk,  Pa.,  May 
1,  1895. 

Kluttz,  Theodore  Franklin,  a  Representative 
from  North  Carolina;  born  in  Salisbury,  Rowan 
county,  N.  C.,  October  4,  1848;  attended  the  com- 
mon schools;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar, 
and  began  practice  in  Salisbury;  presiding  justice 
of  the  inferior  court  in  1884,  and  resigned;  Demo- 
cratic elector  in  1880  and  1896;  elected  as  a  Demo- 
crat to  the  Fifty-sixth,  Fifty-seventh,  and  Fifty- 
eighth  Congresses  (March  4,  1899-March  3,  1905); 
declined  a  renomination;  resumed  the  practice  of 
law  in  Salisbury,  N.  C. 

Knapp,  Anthony  L.,  a  Representative  from 
Illinois;  born  in  Middletown,  N.  Y.,  June  14,  1828; 
moved  with  his  parents  to  Illinois  in  1839;  com- 
pleted preparatory  studies;  studied  law,  and  moved 
to  Jersey ville  in  1849,  where  he  was  admitted  to 
the  bar,  and  practiced;  member  of  the  state  senate 
1859-1861;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Thirty- 
seventh  Congress,  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  the 
resignation  of  John  A .  McClernand ;  reelected  to  the 
Thirty-eighth  Congress,  and  served  from  December 
12,  1861,  to  March  3,  1865. 

Knapp,  Charles,  a  Representative  from  New 
York;  born  in  Colchester,  Delaware  county,  N.  Y., 
October  8,  1797;  attended  the  common  schools; 
member  of  the  state  legislature  in  1841;  moved  to 
Deposit,  Delaware  county,  N.  Y.,  in  1848;  elected 
as  a  Republican  to  the  Forty-first  Congress  (March 
4,  1869-March  3,  1871). 

Knapp,  Charles  Junius,  a  Representative  from 
New  York;  born  in  Pepacton,  Delaware  county, 
N.  Y.,  June  30, 1845;  was  graduated  from  Hamilton 
college  in  1866;  engaged  in  the  banking  business  in 
Deposit,  N.  Y. ;  president  of  the  board  of  education ; 
elected  supervisor  in  1885  and  1886;  member  of  the 
state  legislature  in  1886  and  1888;  elected  as  a  Re- 
publican to  the  Fifty-first  Congress  (March  4,  1889- 
March  3,  1891);  moved  to  Binghamton,  N.  Y. 

Knapp,  Charles  Luman,  a  Representative 
from  New  York;  born  in  Harrisburg,  Lewis  county, 


N.  Y.,  July  4,  1847;  attended  Low  ville  academy, 
and  was  graduated  from  Rutgers  college,  New  Jer- 
sey, in  1869;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar, 
and  commenced  practice  in  Lowville  in  1873; 
elected  to  the  state  senate  1886  and  1887;  appointed 
by  President  Harrison  consul  general  to  Montreal 
in  1889,  and  served  until  September,  1893,  when 
he  returned  to  Lowville  and  resumed  the  practice 
of  law;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Fifty-seventh 
Congress,  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  the  death  of 
Albert  D.  Shaw;  reelected  to  the  Fifty-eighth, 
Fifty-ninth,  Sixtieth,  and  Sixty-first  Congresses, 
arid  served  from  December  2,  1901,  to  March  3, 
1911;  resumed  the  practice  of  law  in  Lowville, 
N.  Y. 

Knapp,  Chauncey  Langdon,  a  Representative 
from  Massachusetts;  born  in  Berlin,  Vt.,  February 
26,  1809;  completed  preparatory  studies;  learned 
the  art  of  printing  and  engaged  in  newspaper  work 
in  Montpelier;  coproprietor  and  editor  of  the  State 
Journal  for  a  number  of  years;  elected  secretary  of 
state  of  Vermont  1836-1840;  moved  to  Massachu- 
setts and  located  in  Lowell;  editor  of  the  Lowell 
News,  and  other  papers;  secretary  state  senate  in 
1851;  elected  as  an  American  to  the  Thirty- fourth 
Congress  (March  4,  1855-March  3,  1857);  reelected 
as  a  Republican  to  the  Thirty-fifth  Congress  (March 
4,  1857-March  3,  1859);  editor  Lowell  Daily  Citizen 
1859-1882;  died  in  Lowell,  Mass.,  May  31,  1898. 

Knapp,  Robert  M.,  a  Representative  from 
Illinois;  born  in  New  York  City  April  21,  1831; 
moved  with  parents  to  Jerseyville,  111.,  in  1840; 
attended  the  common  schools,  and  the  Kentucky 
military  institute  in  Frankfort,  Ky . ;  studied  law, 
was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1855,  and  began  practice 
in  Jerseyville;  elected  state  legislator  in  1867; 
mayor  of  Jerseyville  1871-1876;  elected  as  a  Demo- 
crat to  the  Forty-third  Congress  (March  4,  1873- 
March  3,  1875);  again  elected  to  the  Forty-fifth 
Congress  (March  4,  1877-March  3,  1879);  died  in 
Jerseyville,  111.,  June  24,  1889. 

Knickerbocker,  Herman,  a  Representative 
from  New  York;  born  in  Albany,  N.  Y.,  July  27, 
1782;  completed  preparatory  studies;  studied  law 
in  Albany,  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1803,  and 
commenced  practice  in  Albany,  N.  Y.;  moved  to 
Schaghticoke,  near  Albany,  and  became  known  as 
"the  Prince  of  Schaghticoke"  on  account  of  his 
hospitality  and  liberality;  elected  as  a  Federalist 
to  the  Eleventh  Congress  (March  4,  1809-March  3, 
1811);  served  in  the  state  legislature  in  1816;  judge 
of  Rensselaer  county;  died  in  Williamsburg,  N.  Y., 
January  30,  1855. 

Knight,  Jonathan,  a  Representative  from 
Pennsylvania;  born  in  Bucks  county,  Pa.,  Novem- 
ber 22,  1787;  moved  with  his  parents  to  East  Beth- 
lehem in  1801;  attended  the  common  schools,  and 
became  a  civil  engineer;  member  of  the  state  house 
of  representatives  1822-1828;  appointed  chief  engi- 
neer of  the  Baltimore  &  Ohio  railroad  company; 
elected  as  a  Whig  to  the  Thirty-fourth  Congress 
(March  4,  1855-March  3,  1857);  became  a  farmer; 
died  in  East  Bethlehem,  Pa.,  November  22,  1858. 

Knight,  Nehemiah,  a  Representative  from 
Rhode  Island;  born  in  Knightsville,  Cranston, 
R.  I.,  March  23, 1746;  attended  the  common  schools; 
engaged  in  agricultural  pursuits;  town  clerk  1773- 
1800;  elected  to  the  general  assembly  in  1783,  and 
again  in  1787;  sheriff  of  Providence  county  several 
years;  elected  as  an  anti-Federalist  to  the  Eighth, 


BIOGRAPHIES. 


787 


Ninth,  and  Tenth  Congresses,  and  served  from 
March  4,  1803,  until  his  death  in  Cranston,  R.  I., 
June  13,  1808. 

Knight,  Nehemiah  Rice,  a  Senator  from 
Rhode  Island;  born  in  Cranston,  R.  I.,  December 
31,  1780;  attended  the  common  schools;  member  of 
the  state  house  of  representatives  in  1802;  moved 
to  Providence  and  was  clerk  of  the  court  of  common 
pleas  1805-1811;  clerk  of  the  circuit  court  1812- 
1817,  and  collector  of  customs  by  appointment  of 
President  Madison  during  the  same  period;  gov- 
ernor of  Rhode  Island  May,  1817-January  9,  1821, 
as  an  anti-Federalist;  elected  as  a  Whig  to  the 
United  States  Senate,  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  the 
death  of  James  Burrill,  jr.,  and  was  three  times—- 
the last  time  as  a  National  Republican — reelected, 
and  served  from  January  9,  1821,  to  March  3,  1841; 
delegate  in  the  state  constitutional  convention  of 
1843;  died  in  Providence,  R.  I.,  April  18,  1854. 

Knopf,  Philip,  a  Representative  from  Illinois; 
born  in  Lake  county,  111.,  November  18,  1847; 
enlisted  in  company  I,  one  hundred  and  forty- 
seventh  regiment  Illinois  volunteer  infantry,  and 
served  until  the  regiment  was  mustered  out  in 
Savannah,  Ga.;  moved  to  Chicago  in  1866,  and 
attended  Bryant  &  Stratton's  college  for  one  year; 
engaged  in  the  teaming  business  until  1884,  when 
he  was  appointed  chief  deputy  coroner  and  served 
eight  years;  elected  to  the  state  senate  in  1886,  and 
was  reelected  in  1890;  elected  county  clerk  of  Cook 
county  in  1894,  and  reelected  in  1898;  a  delegate 
in  the  Republican  national  convention  in  St.  Louis 
in  1896;  member  of  the  state  central  committee; 
elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Fifty-eighth,  Fifty- 
ninth,  and  Sixtieth  Congresses  (March  4,  1903- 
March  3,  1909);  retired  to  his  home  in  Chicago,  111. 

Knott,  James  Proctor,  a  Representative  from 
Kentucky;  born  near  Lebanon,  Ky.,  August  29, 
1830;  studied  law;  moved  to  Memphis,  Mo.,  in 
May,  1850,  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1851; 
elected  to  the  state  house  of  representatives  in 
Missouri  in  1857  and  resigned  in  August,  1859; 
appointed  attorney  general  of  Missouri  in  the  same 
month;  unanimously  nominated  for  the  same  posi- 
tion by  the  Democratic  convention  and  elected  in 
August,  1860;  returned  to  Kentucky  and  com- 
menced the  practice  of  law  in  Lebanon  in  1863; 
elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Fortieth  and  Forty- 
first  Congresses  (March  4,  1867-March  3,  1871); 
reelected  to  the  Forty-fourth,  Forty-fifth,  Forty- 
sixth,  and  Forty-seventh  Congresses  (March  4, 
1875-March  3,  1883);  governor  of  Kentucky  1883- 
1887 ;  delegate  to  Kentucky  constitutional  conven- 
tion 1891;  professor  of  civics  and  economics,  Centre 
college,  1892-1894;  dean  of  Central  college  law 
school  1894-1901;  died  in  Lebanon,  Ky.,  June  18, 
1911. 

Knowland,  Joseph  Russell,  a  Representative 
from  California;  born  in  Alameda,  Cal.,  August  5, 
1873;  attended  in  public  and  private  schools  and 
the  University  of  the  Pacific ;  engaged  in  the  whole- 
sale lumber  and  shipping  business;  director  of  the 
Alameda  National  bank,  the  Alameda  bank  of 
savings,  and  the  Union  Savings  bank  of  Oakland; 
elected  to  the  lower  house  of  the  California  legisla- 
ture in  1898;  reelected  in  1900;  elected  to  the  state 
senate  in  1902  and  resigned  in  1904;  elected  as  a 
Republican  to  the  Fifty-eighth,  Fifty-ninth,  Six- 
tieth, and  Sixty-first  Congresses  (March  4,  1903- 
March  3,  1911).  Reelected  to  the  Sixty-second  Con- 
gress. 


Knowles,  Freeman,  a  Representative  from 
South  Dakota;  born  in  Harmony,  Me.,  October  10, 
1846;  attended  Bloomfield  academy,  Skowhegan, 
Me. ;  enlisted  in  the  sixteenth  Maine  regiment  June 
16,  1862;  served  three  years  and  nineteen  days  in 
the  army  of  the  Potomac;  captured  at  the  battle  of 
Reams  Station  August  18,  1864,  and  kept  a  prisoner 
in  Libby,  Belle  Island,  and  Salisbury,  N.  C.,  until 
the  war  closed;  moved  to  Denison,  Iowa;  admitted 
to  the  bar  in  April,  1869;  moved  to  Nebraska  and 
began  the  publication  of  the  Ceresco  Times;  moved 
to  the  Black  Hills  in  1888  and  began  the  publica- 
tion of  the  Meade  County  Times  in  Tilford ;  moved 
to  Deadwood  and  began  the  publication  of  the 
Evening  Independent;  elected  as  a  Populist  to  the 
Fifty-fifth  Congress  (March  4,  1897-March  3,  1899); 
resumed  newspaper  work  in  Deadwood,  S.  Dak., 
and  died  there  June  1,  1910. 

Knowlton,  Ebenezer,  a  Representative  from 
Maine;  born  in  Pittsfield,  N.  H.,  December  6, 
1815;  moved  with  parents  to  South  Montville,  Me., 
in  1825;  completed  preparatory  studies;  studied 
theology;  member  of  the  state  house  of  represen- 
tatives 1844-1850,  and  served  as  speaker  in  1846; 
elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Thirty-fourth  Con- 
gress (March  4,  1855-March  3,  1857);  died  in  South 
Montville,  Me.,  September  10,  1874. 

Knox,  James,  a  Representative  from  Illinois; 
born  in  Canajoharie,  N.  Y.,  July  4,  1807;  was  grad- 
uated from  Yale  college  in  1830;  studied  law,  was 
admitted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced  practice  in 
Utica,  N.  Y.,  in  1833;  moved  to  Illinois  in  1836,  and 
founded  the  town  of  Knoxyille,  became  a  farmer; 
delegate  in  the  state  constitutional  convention  of 
1847;  elected  as  a  Whig  to  the  Thirty-third  and 
Thirty-fourth  Congresses  (March  4,  1853-March  3, 
1857);  resumed  the  practice  of  law  until  his  death 
in  Knoxville,  111.,  October  8,  1876. 

Knox,  Philander  Chase,  a  Senator  from  Penn- 
sylvania; born  in  Brownsville,  Pa.,  May  6,  1853; 
attended  the  University  of  West  Virginia,  and 
was  graduated  from  Mount  Union  college,  Alliance, 
Ohio,  in  1872;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the 
bar  in  1875,  and  began  practice  in  Pittsburgh,  Pa.; 
assistant  United  States  district  attorney  for  the 
western  district  of  Pennsylvania  in  1876;  elected 
president  of  the  Pennsylvania  bar  association  in 
1897;  appointed  Attorney  General  of  the  United 
States  in  the  cabinet  of  President  McKinley  April 
5,  1901,  and  entered  upon  duties  April  9,  1901;  re- 
appointed  by  President  Roosevelt  December  16, 
1901,  and  served  until  June  30,  1904,  when  he  re- 
signed; appointed  to  the  United  States  Senate, 
to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  the  death  of  Matthew  S. 
Quay;  subsequently  elected  to  fill  the  unexpired 
term,  and  for  the  full  term  in  1905,  and  served  from 
June  10,  1904,  until  March  4,  1909,  when  he  re- 
signed ;  appointed  Secretary  of  State  by  President 
Taft  March  5,  1909. 

Knox,  Samuel,  a  Representative  from  Mis- 
souri; born  in  Blandford,  Mass.,  March  21,  1815; 
attended  the  common  schools;  was  graduated  from 
Williams  college  in  1836,  and  from  the  law  depart- 
ment of  Harvard  university  in  1838;  moved  to  St. 
Louis,  Mo.,  1838,  and  commenced  practice;  city 
counselor  in  1845;  elected  to  the  Thirty-eighth 
Congress  (March  4,  1863-March  3,  1865);  defeated 
for  reelection;  resumed  the  practice  of  law  in  St. 
Louis,  Mo.;  retired  and  returned  to  Blandford, 
Mass.,  where  he  died  March  7,  1900. 


788 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 


Knox,.  William.  Shadrach,  a  Representative 
from  Massachusetts;  born  in  Killingly,  Conn.,  Sep- 
tember 10,  1843;  moved  with  parents  to  Lawrence, 
Mass.,  in  1852;  was  graduated  from  Amherst  col- 
lege in  1865;  admitted  to  the  Essex  county  bar  in 
November,  1866,  and  practiced  in  Lawrence;  mem- 
ber of  the  Massachusetts  house  of  representatives 
1874-75;  city  solicitor  of  Lawrence  in  1875,  1876, 
1887-1890;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Fifty- 
fourth,  Fifty-fifth,  Fifty-sixth,  and  Fifty-seventh 
Congresses  (March  4,  1895-March  3,  1903);  re- 
sumed the  practice  of  law  in  Lawrence,  Mass. 

Koontz,  William  Henry,  a  Representative  from 
Pennsylvania;  born  in  Somerset,  Pa.,  July  15, 
1830;  completed  preparatory  studies;  studied  law, 
was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  practiced  in  Somer- 
set; district  attorney  for  Somerset  county  1853- 
1856;  delegate  in  the  Republican  national  con- 
vention in  1860;  prothonotary  and  clerk  of  the 
county  court  1861-1863;  successfully  contested  the 
election  of  Alexander  H.  Coffroth  to  the  Thirty- 
ninth  Congress,  and  was  given  the  seat  July  18, 
1866;  was  reelected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Fortieth 
Congress,  and  served  from  July  18,  1866,  to  March 
3,  1869;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Thirty- 
ninth  and  Fortieth  Congresses  (March  4,  1865- 
March  3,  1869);  engaged  in  railroad  enterprises; 
counsel  for  the  Baltimore  &  Ohio  railroad;  died  in 
Somerset  county,  Pa.,  July  4,  1911. 

Kopp,  Arthur  Wilhom,  a  Representative  from 
Wisconsin;  born  in  Big  Patch,  Grant  county,  Wis., 
February  28,  1874;  attended  the  common  schools 
of  Grant  county,  and  was  graduated  from  the  state 
normal  school  in  Platteville  in  1895 ;  taught  school 
for  three  years;  was  graduated  from  the  law  depart- 
ment of  the  University  of  Wisconsin  in  1900,  was 
admitted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced  practice  in 
Platteville;  alderman  of  the  city;  city  attorney 
for  two  terms,  and  district  attorney  of  Grant  county 
for  four  years;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Sixty- 
first  Congress  (March  4,  1909-March  3,  1911). 
Reelected  to  the  Sixty-second  Congress. 

Korbly,  Charles  Alexander,  a  Representative 
from  Indiana;  born  in  Madison,  Ind.,  March  24, 
1871;  was  a  reporter  and  editor  of  the  Madison 
Herald  for  three  years;  moved  to  Indianapolis  and 
resumed  the  study  of  law;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to 
the  Sixty-first  Congress  (March  4,  1909-March  3, 
1911).  Reelected  to  the  Sixty-second  Congress. 

Krebs,  Jacob,  a  Representative  from  Pennsyl- 
vania; born  in  Orwigsburg,  Pa.,  March  13,  1782; 
attended  the  public  schools;  elected  as  a  Democrat 
to  the  Nineteenth  Congress,  to  fill  vacancy  caused 
by  the  death  of  Henry  Wilson,  and  served  from 
December  4, 1826,  to  March  3, 1827;  died  in  Orwigs- 
burg, Pa.,  September  26, 1847. 

Kremer,  George,  ,a  Representative  from  Penn- 
sylvania; born  in  Dauphin  county,  Pa.,  in  1775; 
received  a  limited  schooling;  studied  law,  was 
admitted  to  the  bar,  and  practiced  in  Lewisburg, 
Pa.;  elected  to  the  Eighteenth,  Nineteenth,  and 
Twentieth  Congresses  (March  4,  1823-March  3, 
1829);  died  in  Union  county,  Pa.,  September  11, 
1854. 

Kribbs,  George  Frederic,  a  Representative 
from  Pennsylvania;  born  in  Clarion  county,  Pa., 
November  8,  1846;  attended  the  common  schools, 
and  the  Clarion  academy,  and  was  graduated  from 
Muhlenberg  college,  Allentown,  Pa.,  in  1873; 
studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1875,  and 


practiced  in  Clarion,  Pa.;  edited  the  Clarion  Demo- 
crat 1877-1889;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Fifty- 
second  and  Fifty-third  Congresses  (March  4, 
1891-March  3,  1895);  resumed  the  practice  of  law 
in  Clarion;  moved  to  Osceola  county,  Fla.,  in 
1896,  and  engaged  in  orange  culture;  located  in 
Kissimmee,  Fla.,  in  1907,  and  reengaged  in  the 
practice  of  law;  prosecuting  attorney  of  Osceola 
county  in  1908;  judge  of  the  county  court  1909- 
1910;  resumed  practice  in  Kissimmee,  Fla. 

Kronmiller,  John,  a  Representative  from 
Maryland;  born  in  Baltimore,  Md.,  December  6, 
1858;  attended  private  and  public  schools;  mer- 
chant and  manufacturer  in  Baltimore,  Md.;  served 
two  years  in  the  city  council;  elected  as  a  Repub- 
lican to  the  Sixty-first  Congress  (March  4,  1909- 
March  3,  1911);  member  of  the  board  of  visitors 
to  the  Baltimore  city  jail;  many  years  a  director 
of  the  Maryland  General  hospital;  engaged  in 
manufacturing,  and  a  resident  of  Baltimore,  Md. 

Kuhns,  Joseph  H.,  a  Representative  from 
Pennsylvania;  native  of  Pennsylvania;  elected 
as  a  Whig  to  the  Thirty-second  Congress  (March  4, 
1851-March  3,  1853);  defeated  for  the  Thirty-third 
Congress. 

Kulp,  Monroe  Henry,  a  Representative  from 
Pennsylvania;  born  in  Barto,  Berks  county,  Pa., 
October  23,  1858;  attended  the  public  schools  of 
Shamokin,  the  state  normal  college,  Lebanon, 
Ohio,  and  was  graduated  from  Eastman  business 
college,  Poughkeepsie,  N.  Y.;  engaged  in  the 
lumber,  brick,  and  ice  business  in  Shamokin,  Pa.; 
elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Fifty-fourth  and 
Fifty-fifth  Congresses  (March  4,  1895-March  3, 
1899);  devoted  himself  to  the  lumber  business,  and 
to  many  interests  with  which  he  was  connected; 
died  in  Shamokin,  Pa.,  October  19,  1911. 

Kunkel,  Jacob  Michael,  a  Representative 
from  Maryland;  born  in  Frederick,  Md.,  July  13, 
1822;  attended  the  Frederick  academy  for  boys, 
and  was  graduated  from  the  University  of  Vir- 
ginia in  1843;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar, 
and  began  practice  in  Frederick  in  1846;  state 
senator  1850-1856;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the 
Thirty-fifth  and  Thirty-sixth  Congresses  (March  4, 
1857-March  3,  1861);  delegate  to  the  loyalist  con- 
vention in  Philadelphia  in  1866;  died  in  Frederick, 
Md.,  April  9,  1870. 

Kunkel,  John  Christian,  a  Representative 
from  Pennsylvania;  born  in  Harrisburg,  Pa.,  Sep- 
tember 18,  1816;  was  graduated  from  Jefferson 
college,  Canonsburg,  Pa.,  in  1839;  studied  law,  was 
admitted  to  the  Dauphin  county  bar,  and  began 
practice  in  Harrisburg;  member  of  the  state  house 
of  representatives  1844,  1845,  and  1850;  state  sena- 
tor 1851-1853,  and  speaker  of  the  senate  1852-1853; 
elected  as  a  Whig  to  the  Thirty-fourth  and  Thirty- 
fifth  Congresses  (March  4,  1855-March  3,  1859); 
died  in  Harrisburg,  Pa.,  October  14,  1870. 

Kurtz,  William  H.,  a  Representative  from 
Pennsylvania;  native  of  York,  Pa.;  completed 
preparatory  studies;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the 
Thirty-second  and  Thirty-third  Congresses  (March 
4,  1851-March  3,  1855). 

Kiistermann,  Gustav,  a  Representative  from 
Wisconsin;  born  in  Detmold,  Germany,  May  24, 
1850;  attended  the  academy  of  his  native  city 
(Gymnasium  Leopoldinum),  and  was  graduated  in 
1864;  employed  in  a  wholesale  dry  goods  establish- 
ment in  Hamburg,  Germany,  until  1868,  when  he 


BIOGRAPHIES. 


789 


came  to  the  United  States  and  settled  in  Green 
Bay,  Wis.;  engaged  in  mercantile  business;  held 
various  public  positions,  and  was  postmaster  of 
Green  Bay  1892-1896;  member  of  the  state  board 
of  control;  and  its  president  1904-1907;  elected  as  a 
Republican  to  the  Sixtieth  and  Sixty-first  Con- 
gresses (March  4,  1907-March  3,  1911);  engaged 
in  literary  work  in  Green  Bay,  Wis. 

Kuykendall,  Andrew  J. ,  a  Representative  from 
Illinois;  born  in  Gallatin  county,  111.,  March  3, 
1815;  completed  preparatory  studies;  studied  law, 
was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  began  practice  in 
Vienna,  111.;  member  of  the  state  house  of  repre- 
sentatives 1842-1846;  of  the  state  senate  1850-1862; 
served  one  year  in  the  Union  army  as  major  of  the 
thirty-first  Illinois  volunteers;  elected  as  a  Repub- 
lican to  the  Thirty-ninth  Congress  (March  4,  1868- 
March  3,  1867);  resumed  the  practice  of  law  in 
Vienna,  111. 

Kyle,  James  Henderson,  a  Senator  from  South 
Dakota;  born  near  Xenia,  Ohio,  February  24,  1854; 
completed  a  course  of  civil  engineering  in  the 
University  of  Illinois  in  1871;  was  graduated  from 
Oberlin  college,  Ohio,  in  1878;  prepared  for  admis- 
sion to  the  bar,  but  entered  the  Western  theological 
seminary  in  Allegheny,  Pa.,  and  was  graduated 
in  1882;  pastor  of  Congregational  churches  in 
Echo  and  Salt  Lake  City,  Utah,  1882-1885;  moved 
to  Ipswick,  and  Aberdeen,  S.  Dak.;  elected  to  the 
state  senate  on  the  Independent  ticket  in  1890; 
elected  in  1891  as  an  Independent  to  the  United 
States  Senate;  reelected  in  1897  and  served  from 
March  4,  1891,  until  his  death;  was  chairman  of 
the  United  States  industrial  commission  1898- 
1902;  died  in  Aberdeen,  S.  Dak.,  July  1,  1901. 

Kyle,  John  Curtis,  a  Representative  from 
Mississippi;  was  born  near  Sardis,  Miss.,  July  17, 
1851;  attended  Bethel  college,  Tenn.,  and  was 
graduated  from  the  Cumberland  university  law 
school  in  1874;  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  began 
practice  in  Sardis;  mayor  of  Sardis  1879-1881; 
elected  to  the  state  senate  in  1881;  member  of  the 
Mississippi  railroad  commission;  chairman  of  the 
state  Democratic  executive  committee  in  1888; 
elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Fifty-second,  Fifty- 
third,  and  Fifty-fourth  Congresses  (March  4, 
1891-March  3,  1897);  resumed  the  practice  of  law 
in  Sardis,  and  retired  in  1912. 

Kyle,  Thomas  Barton,  a  Representative  from 
Ohio;  born  in  Troy,  March  10,  1856;  attended  the 
public  schools  in  Troy,  Ohio,  and  Dartmouth  col- 
lege; studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1884, 
and  practiced  in  Troy;  elected  prosecuting  attorney 
of  Miami  county  in  1890;  president  of  the  board 
of  education  of  Troy;  elected  as  a  Republican  to 
the  Fifty-seventh  and  Fifty-eighth  Congresses 
(March  4,  1901-March  3,  1905);  resumed  the  prac- 
tice of  law  in  Troy,  Ohio. 

Labranche,  Alcee,  a  Representative  from  Lou- 
isiana; native  of  New  Orleans,  La. ;  charge1  d'affaires 
to  Texas  March  7,  1837,  to  April  2,  1840,  when  he 
resigned;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Twenty- 
eighth  Congress  (March  4,  1843-March  3,  1845). 

Lacey,  Edward  Samuel,  a  Representative  from 
Michigan;  born  in  Chili,  Monroe  county,  N.  Y., 
November  26,  1835;  moved  to  Branch  county, 
Mich.,  in  October,  1842,  and  to  Eaton  county  in 
March,  1843;  attended  the  public  schools  and  OM- 
vet  college;  engaged  in  business  pursuits,  but  more 
particularly  in  banking;  a  resident  of  Kalamazoo, 


Mich.,  1853-1857;  moved  to  Charlotte,  Mich.,  and 
was  register  of  deeds  for  Eaton  county  1860-1864 
mayor  of  Charlotte  in  187 1 ;  trustee  of  the  Michigan 
asylum  for  the  insane  from  1874  to  1880;  delegate 
in  the  Republican  national  convention  of  1876; 
elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Forty-seventh  and 
Forty-eighth  Congresses  (March  4,  1881-March  3, 
1885);  chairman  of  the  Republican  state  central 
committee  1882-1884;  temporarily  commissioned 
by  President  Harrison  comptroller  of  the  currency 
April  17,  1889;  reappointed  December  16,  1889, 
and  served  until  1892,  when  he  resigned;  moved 
to  Chicago,  111.,  and  reengaged  in  banking. 

Lacey,  John  Fletcher,  a  Representative  from ' 
Iowa;  born  in  New  Martinsville,  Va.  (now  West 
Virginia),  May  30,  1841;  moved  to  Iowa  in  1855; 
attended  the  common  schools  and  pursued  classical 
studies;  studied  law  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar 
enlisted  in  company  H,  third  Iowa  infantry,  in 
May,  1861,  and  afterwards  served  in  company  D 
thirty-third  Iowa  infantry,  as  sergeant  major,  and 
as  lieutenant  in  company  C  of  that  regiment;  pro- 
moted to  assistant  adjutant  general  on  the  staff  of 
Brig.  Gen.  Samuel  A.  Rice,  and  after  that  officer 
was  killed  in  battle  was  assigned  to  duty  on  the 
staff  of  Maj.  Gen.  Frederick  Steele;  member  of  the 
Iowa  legislature  in  1870;  temporary  chairman  of 
the  Iowa  Republican  convention  of  1898;  served  in 
city  council;  one  term  as  city  solicitor  of  Oskaloosa; 
elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Fifty-first  Congress 
(March  4,  1889-March  3,  1891);  reelected  to  the 
Fifty-third,  and  to  the  seven  succeeding  Congresses 
(March  4,  1893-March  3,  1909);  resumed  the  prac- 
tice of  law  in  Oskaloosa,  Iowa. 

Lacock,  Abner,  a  Representative  and  a  Senator 
from  Pennsylvania;  born  near  Alexandria,  Va., 
July  9,  1770;  moved  with  parents  to  Washington 
county,  Pa.,  in  youth;  removed  to  Beaver,  then  in 
Allegheny  county,  in  1796 ;  appointed  justice  of  the 
peace;  first  represntative  from  the  newly  formed 
county  of  Beaver  in  the  state  house  of  representa- 
tives in  1801;  associate  judge  of  the  Beaver  county 
court  in  1803,  but  resigned  after  one  year;  again  a 
member  of  the  state  house  of  representatives  1804- 
1808;  state  senator  1808-1810;  elected  as  a  Demo- 
crat to  the  Twelfth  Congress  (March  4,  1811-March 
3,  1813);  elected  to  the  United  States  Senate,  and 
served  from  March  4,  1813,  to  March  3,  1819;  ap- 
pointed a  state  commissioner  to  survey  routes  for 
canals  and  railways  in  Pennsylvania  April  11, 1825, 
and  superintended  construction  of  the  Pittsburgh- 
Johnstown  canal;  appointed  to  survey  and  con- 
struct the  Pennsylvania  and  Ohio  canal  in  1836; 
died  near  Freedom,  Pa.,  April  12,  1837. 

Ladd,  George  Washington,  a  Representative 
from  Maine;  born  in  Augusta,  Me.,  September  28, 
1818;  completed  preparatory  studies;  engaged  in 
the  drug  business  in  Bangor,  but  later  engaged  in 
the  lumber,  commission,  and  the  wholesale  grocery 
business;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Forty-sixth 
and  Forty-seventh  Congresses  (March  4,  1879- 
March  3,  1883);  died  in  Bangor,  Me.,  January  31. 
1892. 

La  Dow,  George  A.,  a  Representative  from 
Oregon;  born  in  Cayuga  county,  N.  Y.,  March  18, 
1828;  moved  to  McHenry  county,  111.;  attended 
the  public  schools;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to 
the  bar  in  1850,  and  commenced  practice  in  1851 
in  Wisconsin;  elected  district  attorney  in  1860; 
moved  to  Minnesota  in  1862;  state  representative 
in  1867 ;  moved  to  Oregon  in  1869;  state  representa- 
tive in  1872;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Forty- 


790 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 


fourth  Congress,  and  served  from  March  4,  1875, 
until  his  death  prior  to  the  assembling  of  the  Con- 
gress, May  8,  1875. 

Lafean,  Daniel  Franklin,  a  Representative 
from  Pennsylvania;  born  in  York,  York  county, 
Pa.,  February?,  1861;  attended  the  public  schools; 
engaged  in  manufacturing  and  in  banking  in  York; 
a  director  of  the  Gettysburg  college  and  trustee  of 
the  Gettysburg  seminary,  Gettysburg,  Pa. ;  elected 
as  a  Republican  to  the  Fifty-eighth,  Fifty-ninth, 
Sixtieth,  and  Sixty-first  Congresses  (March  4, 1903- 
March  3,  1911).  Keelected  to  the  Sixty-second  Con- 
gress. 

Laffoon,  Polk,  a  Representative  from  Ken- 
tucky; born  in  Hopkins  county,  Ky.,  October  24, 
1844;  attended  the  common  schools;  entered  the 
Confederate  army  as  a  member  of  the  eighth  infan- 
try; captured  at  Fort  Donelson  February  16,  1862, 
and  exchanged  at  Vicksburg  in  September,  1862; 
member  of  Morgan's  command  during  the  remain- 
der of  the  war;  captured  at  Cheshire,  Ohio,  during 
the  raid  into  that  state,  and  confined  in  the  Penn- 
sylvania penitentiary  as  a  prisoner  of  war ;  followed 
teaching  for  two  years;  studied  law,  was  admitted 
to  the  bar  in  1867,  and  practiced  in  Madison ville, 
Ky.;  elected  attorney  of  Madison  county;  elected 
as  a  Democrat  to  the  Forty-ninth  and  Fiftieth  Con- 
gresses (March  4, 1885-March  3, 1889);  resumed  the 
practice  of  law;  died  in  Madison  ville,  Ky.,  October 
22,  1906. 

Laflin,  AddisonH.,  a  Representative  from  New 
York;  born  in  Lee,  Mass.,  October  24,  1823;  was 
graduated  from  Williams  college  in  1843;  went  to 
Herkimer  county,  N.  Y.,  in  1849,  and  became  in- 
terested in  paper  manufacturing;  member  of  the 
state  senate  1858-1859;  elected  as  a  Republican  to 
the  Thirty-ninth,  Fortieth,  and  Forty-first  Con- 
gresses (March  4,  1865-March  3,  1871);  delegate  in 
the  Republican  state  convention  of  1867;  ap- 
pointed by  President  Grant  naval  officer  at  the  port 
of  New  York  City  April  3,  1871,  and  served  until 
1877,  when  he  resigned;  died  in  Pittsfield,  Mass., 
September  24,  1878. 

La  Follette,  Robert  Marion,  a  Representative 
and  a  Senator  from  Wisconsin;  born  in  Primrose, 
Dane  county,  Wis.,  June  14,  1855;  was  graduated 
from  the  University  of  Wisconsin  in  June,  1879; 
was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  February,  1880,  and  en- 
gaged in  practice  in  Madison,  Wis.;  district  attor- 
ney of  Dane  county  1880-1884;  elected  as  a  Repub- 
lican to  the  Forty-ninth,  Fiftieth,  and  Fifty-first 
Congresses  (March  4, 1885-March  3, 1891);  defeated 
for  reelection  to  the  Fifty-second  Congress;  re- 
sumed the  practice  of  law  in  Madison ,  Wis . ;  delegate 
in  the  Republican  national  convention  in  St.  Louis 
in  1896;  delegate  at  large  to  the  Republican  na- 
tional convention  held  in  Chicago  in  June,  1904; 
elected  governor  of  Wisconsin  in  1900;  reelected  in 
1902,  and  again  in  November,  1904;  elected  as  a 
Republican  to  the  United  States  Senate  for  the 
term  commencing  March  4,  1905;  qualified  and 
took  his  seat  January  4 , 1906 ;  reelected  for  the  term 
beginning  March  4,  1911;  delegate  in  the  Republi- 
can national  convention  in  Chicago  in  1912. 

Lagan,  Matthew  Diamond,  a  Representative 
from  Louisiana;  born  in  County  Derry,  Ireland, 
June  20, 1829;  attended  the  common  schools;  came 
to  the  United  States  and  located  in  New  Orleans, 
La.,  December  28, 1843;  engaged  in  manufacturing 
and  mercantile  pursuits;  elected  to  the  common 
council  of  the  city  of  New  Orleans  in  1867 ;  member 


of  the  convention  which  framed  a  constitution  for 
Louisiana  in  1879;  again  elected  to  the  common 
:ouncil  in  1882,  and  president  and  acting  mayor 
during  the  term;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Fif- 
tieth Congress  (March  4,  1887-March  3,  1889);  re- 
elected  to  the  Fifty-second  Congress  (March  4, 
1891-March  3,  1893);  died  in  New  Orleans,  La., 
April  8,  1901. 

Lahm,  Samuel,  a  Representative  from  Ohio 
born  in  Leitersburg,  Md.,  April  22,  1812;  com- 
pleted preparatory  studies;  attended  Washington 
college,  Pennsylvania;  studied  law  and  was  ad- 
mitted to  the  bar  in  1836;  located  in  Canton,  Ohio; 
master  of  chancery  1837-1841;  prosecuting  attorney 
of  Stark  county  1841-1845;  member  of  the  state 
senate  in  1842;  delegate  in  the  Democratic  national 
convention  in  Baltimore  in  1844 ;  brigadier  general 
in  the  militia;  defeated  as  the  Democratic  candi- 
date to  the  Twenty-ninth  Congress;  elected  as  a 
Democrat  to  the  Thirtieth  Congress  (March  4,  1847- 
March  3,  1849);  devoted  remainder  of  his  life  to 
farming  and  sheep  raising;  died  in  Canton,  Ohio, 
June  16,  1876. 

Laidlaw,  William  Grant,  a  Representative 
from  New  York;  born  near  Jedburgh,  the  county 
town  of  Roxburgshire,  Scotland,  January  1,  1840; 
came  with  parents  to  the  United  States  in  1852,  and 
located  in  Franklinville,  Cattaraugus  county, 
N.  Y.;  attended  the  common  schools  and  pursued 
an  academic  course;  studied  law,  admitted  to  the 
bar  in  1866,  and  commenced  practice ;  served  two 
years  in  the  United  States  navy  during  the  Civil 
war;  school  commissioner  of  the  first  district  of  Cat- 
taraugus county  1867-1870;  removed  to  Ellicotl- 
ville,  N.  Y.,  in  1870;  assessor  of  internal  revenue 
of  the  thirty-first  collection  district  of  New  York 
1871-1877;  district  attorney  of  Cattaraugus  countv 
1877-1883;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Fiftieth 
and  Fifty-first  Congresses  (March  4,  1887-March  3, 
1891);  resumed  the  practice  of  law;  died  in  Elli- 
cottville,  N.  Y.,  August  19,  1908. 

Laird,  James,  a  Representative  from  Nebraska; 
born  in  Fowlerville,  Livingston  county,  N.  Y., 
June  20,  1849;  moved  with  parents  when  a  child 
to  Michigan;  attended  Adrian  college  and  the 
University  of  Michigan;  served  with  a  Michigan 
regiment  in  the  Civil  war,  and  in  the  army  of  the 
Potomac  1862-1865;  was  graduated  from  the  law 
school  of  Michigan  university  in  187 1 ;  was  admitted 
to  the  bar,  and  engaged  in  practice  in  Hastings, 
Nebr.,  in  1872;  member  of  the  Nebraska  consti- 
tutional convention  of  1875;  Republican  presi- 
dential elector  in  1880;  elected  as  a  Republican 
to  the  Forty-eighth,  Forty-ninth,  Fiftieth,  and 
Fifty-first  Congresses,  and  served  from  March  4, 
1883,  until  his  death  in  Hastings,  Nebr.,  August 
17,  1889. 

Lake,  William  A.,  a  Representative  from  Mis- 
sissippi; native  of  Maryland;  pursued  classical 
studies,  and  was  graduated  from  Washington  col- 
lege, Pennsylvania;  studied  law  and  was  ad- 
mitted to  the  bar;  state  representative;  moved  to 
Vicksburg,  Miss.;  member  of  the  state  senate; 
elected  as  an  American  to  the  Thirty-fourth  Con- 
gress (March  4,  1855-March  3,  1857);  defeated  for 
reelection  to  the  Thirty-fifth  Congress. 

Lamar,  Henry  G-raybill,  a  Representative 
from  Georgia;  born  in  Clinton,  Jones  county,  Ga., 
July  10,  1798;  pursued  an  academic  course ;  studied 
law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced 
practice  in  Macon,  Ga. ;  judge  of  the  state  superior 


BIOGEAPHIES. 


791 


court;  member  of  the  state  legislature  several 
terms;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Twenty-first 
Congress,  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  the  resignation 
of  George  R.  Gilmer,  elected  governor;  reelected 
to  the  Twenty-second  Congress,  and  served  from 
December  7,  1829,  to  March  3,  1833;  associate 
justice  of  the  state  supreme  court;  died  in  Macon, 
Ga.,  September  10,  1861. 

Lamar,  Lucius  Quintus  Cincinnatus,  a  Rep- 
resentative and  a  Senator  from  Mississippi;  born 
near  Eatonton,  Putnam  county,  Ga.,  September 
1,  1825;  moved  to  Oxford,  Miss.;  was  graduated 
from  Emory  college,  Ga.,  in  1845;  studied  law  in 
Macon,  and  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1847;  returned 
to  Oxford,  Miss.,  in  1849,  and  served  one  year  as 

6-ofesspr  of  mathematics  in  the  University  of 
ississippi;  moved  to  Covington,  Ga.,  in  1852, 
and  practiced  law;  elected  a  state  representative 
in  1853;  returned  to  Lafayette  county,  Miss.,  in 
1854;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Thirty-fifth 
and  Thirty-sixth  Congresses,  and  served  from 
March  4,  1857,  until  his  retirement  in  December, 
1860,  to  become  a  member  of  the  secession  con- 
vention of  Mississippi,  January  9,  1861;  served  in 
the  Confederate  army  as  lieutenant  colonel  and 
colonel  in  the  nineteenth  Mississippi  regiment; 
in  1863  entered  the  diplomatic  service  of  the  Con- 
federacy on  a  special  mission  to  Russia,  France, 
and  England;  in  1866  elected  professor  of  political 
economy  and  social  science  in  the  University  of 
Mississippi,  and  in  1867  professor  of  law;  reelected 
to  the  Forty-third  and  Forty-fourth  Congresses 
{March  4,  1873-Mrach  3,  1877);  elected  to  the 
United  States  Senate;  reelected,  and  served  from 
March  4,  1877,  to  March  6,  1885,  when  he  resigned; 
Secretary  of  the  Interior  in  President  Cleveland's 
cabinet  from  March  6,  1885,  to  January  10,  1888, 
when  he  resigned;  appointed  by  President  Cleve- 
land associate  justice  of  the  United  States  su- 
preme court  December  6,  1887;  confirmed  Jan- 
uary 16,  1888,  took  his  seat  upon  the  bench  two 
days  later,  and  served  until  his  death  in  Vineville, 
Ga.,  January  23,  1893. 

Lamar,  James  Robert,  a  Representative  from 
Missouri;  born  in  Edgar  Springs,  Phelps  county, 
Mo.,  March  28,  1866;  attended  the  common  schools 
and  Licking  academy  in  Licking,  Mo.;  taught 
school  in  Phelps  and  Texas  counties,  and  was 
principal  of  Licking  academy  in  1889;  studied  law 
and  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  Texas  county  in 
1889;  was  elected  prosecuting  attorney  of  Texas 
county  in  1890,  and  two  years  later  was  reelected; 
chairman  of  the  Democratic  congressional  com- 
mittee of  the  thirteenth  district  of  Missouri  1894- 
1896;  presidential  elector  on  the  Democratic 
ticket  an  1896;  engaged  in  the  practice  of  law  in 
Houston,  Tex.;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Fifty- 
eighth  Congress  (March  4,  1903-March  3,  1905); 
reelected  to  the  Sixtieth  Congress  (March  4,  1907- 
March  3,  1909);  resumed  the  practice  of  law  in 
Houston,  Tex. 

Lamar,  William  Bailey,  a  Representative  from 
Florida;  born  in  Jefferson  county,  Fla.,  June  12, 
1853;  resided  in  Athens,  Ga.,  from  1866  to  1873; 
attended  Jefferson  academy,  Monticello,  Fla.,  and 
the  University  of  Georgia  in  Athens;  removed  to 
Florida  in  October,  1873;  was  graduated  from  the 
Lebanon  law  school,  Lebanon,  Tenn.,  in  1875, 
was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced  practice 
in  Tupelo,  Miss. ;  admitted  to  practice  law  in  the 
courts  of  Florida  in  1876;  elected  clerk  of  the 
circuit  court  of  Jefferson  county,  Fla.,  January, 


1877,  and  served  four  years;  county  judge  1883- 
1886;  member  of  the  state  house  of  representatives 
in  1886  and  chosen  speaker,  but  declined;  elected 
attorney  general  of  Florida  in  1888,  and  reelected 
in  1892,  1896,  1900;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the 
Fifty-eighth,  Fifty-ninth,  and  Sixtieth  Congresses 
(March  4,  1903-March  3,  1909);  resumed  the  prac- 
tice of  law  in  Monticello,  Fla. 

Lamb,  Alfred  William,  a  Representative  from 
Missouri;  born  in  Stamford,  N.  Y.,  March  18, 
1824;  attended  the  public  schools;  moved  with 
parents  to  Rails  county,  Mo.,  in  1836;  attended 
Dr.  Ely's  school  in  Ely,  Mo.,  and  a  law  school; 
was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  began  practice  in 
Hannibal,  Mo. ;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Thirty- 
third  Congress  (March  4,  1853-March  3,  1855); 
declained  a  renomination ;  died  in  Hannibal,  Mo., 
April  29,  1888. 

Lamb,  John,  a  Representative  from  Virginia; 
born  in  Sussex  county,  Va.,  June  12,  1840;  at- 
tended a  private  school  kept  by  his  father;  en- 
listed in  the  Confederate  army  in  company  D, 
third  Virginia  cavalry,  and  commanded  his  com- 
pany three  years,  and  was  wounded  several  times; 
engaged  in  business;  served  as  sheriff,  treasurer, 
and  surveyor  of  Henrico  county;  elected  as  a 
Democrat  to  the  Fifty-fifth,  and  to  the  six  suc- 
ceeding Congresses  (March  4,  1897-March  3, 
1911).  Reelected  to  the  Sixty-second  Congress. 

Lamb,  John  Edward,  a  Representative  from 
Indiana;  born  in  Terre  Haute,  Ind.,  December  26, 
1852;  attended  the  common  schools,  and  was 
graduated  from  the  Terre  Haute  high  school; 
studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1873,  and 
commenced  practice  in  Terre  Haute;  prosecuting 
attorney  of  the  fourteenth  judicial  circuit;  candi- 
date for  presidential  elector  on  the  Democratic 
ticket;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Forty-eighth 
Congress  (March  4,  1883-March  3,  1885);  delegate 
in  the  Democratic  national  conventions  of  1892, 
1896,  1904,  and  1908;  a  practicing  attorney  in 
Terre  Haute,  Ind. 

Lambert,  John,  a  Representative  and  a  Senator 
from  New  Jersey;  born  in  Lambertville,  N.  J., 
February  24,  1746;  pursued  an  academic  course; 
member  of  the  state  house  of  representatives 
1780-1785,  and  1788;  member  of  the  council  1790- 
1804;  vice  president  of  the  council  1801-1804; 
acting  governor  1802-1803;  elected  to  the  Ninth 
and  Tenth  Congresses  (March  4,  1805-March  3, 
1809);  elected  to  the  United  States  Senate,  and 
served  from  March  4,  1809,  to  March  3,  1815;  died 
near  Lambertville,  N.  J.,  February  4,  1823. 

Lamison,  Charles  N.,  a  Representative  from 
Ohio;  born  in  Columbia  county,  Pa.,  in  1826; 
privately  instructed  in  elementary  branches; 
studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  engaged 
in  practice  in  Wooster,  Wayne  county,  Ohio; 
prosecuting  attorney  of  Allen  county  for,  five  years; 
enlisted  in  the  Union  army;  resumed  the  practice 
of  law  in  Lima,  Ohio;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the 
Forty-second  and  Forty-third  Congresses  (March 
4,  1871-March  3,  1875);  died  in  Lima,  Ohio,  April 
24,  1896. 

Lamport,  William  Henry,  a  Representative 
from  New  York;  born  in  Brunswick,  N.  Y.,  May 
27,  1811;  moved  with  parents  to  Gorham,  Ontario 
county,  in  1826;  attended  the  public  schools  and 
engaged  in  farming;  supervisor  of  Gorham  1848- 
1849;  elected  sheriff  of  Ontario  county  in  1849  and 


792 


CONGEESSIONAL   DIRECTORY. 


served  from  1850  to  1853;  elected  state  assembly- 
man in  1854 ;  moved  to  Canandaigua  in  1864 ;  presi- 
dent  of  the  village  of  Canandaigua  1866-1867; 
elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Forty-second  and 
Forty-third  Congresses  (March  4,  1871-March  3, 
1875);  died  in  Canandaigua,  N.  Y.,  July  21,  1891. 

Lancaster,  Columbia,  a  Delegate  from  Wash- 
ington territory;  held  several  local  offices;  elected 
to  the  Thirty-third  Congress  (March  4,  1853-March 
3,  1855). 

Landers,  Franklin,  a  Representative  from 
Indiana;  born  in  Morgan  county,  Ind.,  March  22, 
1825;  attended  the  common  schools;  engaged  in 
farming  and  in  1850  entered  the  dry  goods  trade; 
moved  to  Indianapolis  in  1865;  entered  the  pork- 
packing  business  in  1873;  member  of  the  state 
senate  1860-1864;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the 
Forty-fourth  Congress  (March  4,  1875-March  3, 
1877);  died  in  Indianapolis,  Ind.,  September  12, 
1901. 

Landers,  George  Marcellus,  a  Representative 
from  Connecticut;  born  in  Lenox,  Mass.,  February 
22,  1813;  attended  the  public  schools;  moved  to 
Hartford  county,  Conn.,  in  1829;  engaged  in  the 
manufacture  of  hardware;  member  of  the  state 
house  of  representatives  in  1851,  1867,  and  1874; 
served  in  the  state  senate  in  1853,  1869,  and  1873; 
state  bank  commissioner  in  1874;  elected  as  a 
Democrat  to  the  Forty-fourth  and  Forty-fifth  Con- 
gresses (March  4, 1875-March  3, 1879);  died  in  New 
Britain,  Conn.,  March  27,  1895. 

Landes,  Silas  Zephaniah,  a  Representative 
from  Illinois;  born  in  Augusta  county,  Va.,  May  15, 
1842;  studied  law  and  was  licensed  to  practice  by 
the  supreme  court  of  Illinois  in  August,  1863,  and 
commenced  practice  in  Mount  Carmel,  111. ;  elected 
state  attorney  for  Wabash  county  in  1872, 1876,  and 
1880;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Forty-ninth  and 
Fiftieth  Congresses  (March  4,  1885-March  3,  1889); 
elected  circuit  judge  of  the  fourth  judicial  circuit 
ol  Illinois  June  1,  1891,  and  served  six  years;  died 
in  Mount  Carmel,  111.,  May  23,  1910. 

Landis,  Charles  Beary,  a  Representative  from 
Indiana;  born  in  Millville,  Butler  county,  Ohio, 
July  9, 1858;  attended  the  public  schools  of  Logans- 
port,  Ind.,  and  was  graduated  from  Wabash  college, 
Crawfordsville,  Ind.,  in  1883;  editor  of  the  Logans- 
port  Journal  1883-1887,  and  at  the  time  of  his  nomi- 
nation for  Congress  was  the  editor  of  the  Delphi 
(Ind.)  Journal;  in  1894  elected  president  of  the 
Indiana  Republican  editorial  association  and  re- 
elected  in  1895;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the 
Fifty-fifth  and  to  the  five  succeeding  Congresses 
(March  4, 1897-March  3, 1909);  resumed  newspaper 
work  in  Delphi,  Ind. 

Landis,  Frederick,  a  Representative  from 
Indiana;  born  in  Sevenmile,  Butler  county,  Ohio, 
August  18, 1872;  moved  with  his  parents  to  Logans- 
port,  Ind.,  in  1875;  studied  law  and  was  admitted 
to  the  bar  in  1893;  elected  to  the  Fifty-eighth  and 
Fifty-ninth  Congresses  (March  4,  1903-March  3, 
1907);  resumed  the  practice  of  law  in  Logansport, 
Ind. 

Landrum,  John  M.,  'a  Representative  from 
Louisiana;  born  in  Edgefield  district,  S.  C.,  July 
3,  1815;  pursued  classical  studies,  and  was  gradu- 
ated from  South  Carolina  college  in  1842;  taught 
school;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and 
commenced  practice  in  Shreveport,  La.;  elected 


as  a  Democrat  to  the  Thirty-sixth  Congress  (March 
4,  1859-March  3,  1861). 

Landry,  Joseph  Aristide,  a  Representative 
from  Louisiana;  born  in  Ascension  parish,  La., 
July  10,  1817;  attended  school  in  Cape  Girardeau, 
Miss.;  member  of  Louisiana  house  of  representa- 
tives in  1852,  with  residence  in  Donaldson ville; 
elected  as  a  Whig  to  the  Thirty-second  Congress 
(March  4,  1851-March  3,  1853);  died  in  Donaldson- 
ville,  La.,  January  31,  1881. 

Landy,  James,  a  Representative  from  Penn- 
sylvania; born  in  Philadelphia,  Pa.,  October  13, 
1813;  attended  the  public  schools;  studied  law,  but 
entered  mercantile  pursuits;  school  commissioner; 
elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Thirty-fifth  Congress 
(March  4,  1857-March  3,  1859);  defeated  for  the 
Thirty-sixth  Congress. 

Lane,  Amos,  a  Representative  from  Indiana; 
born  near  Aurora,  N.  Y.,  March  1,  1778;  attended 
the  public  schools;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the 
bar,  and  commenced  practice  in  Lawrenceburg, 
Ind.;  speaker  of  the  state  house  of  representatives; 
elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Twenty-third  and 
Twenty-fourth  Congresses  (March  4,  1833-March  3, 
1837);  defeated  for  the  Twenty-fifth  Congress;  died 
in  Lawrenceburg,  Ind.,  September  2,  1849. 

Lane,  Edward,  a  Representative  from  Illinois; 
born  in  Cleveland,  Ohio,  March  27,  1842;  moved 
to  Illinois  in  May,  1858;  pursued  an  academic 
course;  taught  school;  studied  law,  and  was  ad- 
mitted to  practice  by  the  supreme  court  of  the  state 
of  Illinois  in  February,  1865,  and  practiced  in 
Hillsboro,  111.;  elected  judge  in  November,  1869, 
and  served  one  term ;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the 
Fiftieth,  Fifty-first,  Fifty-second,  and  Fifty-third 
Congresses  (March  4,  1887-March  3,  1895);  resumed 
the  practice  of  law  in  Hillsboro,  111. 

Lane,  Henry  Smith,  a  Representative  and  a 
Senator  from  Indiana;  born  in  Montgomery  county, 
Ky.,  February  24,  1811;  attended  the  public 
schools;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in 
1833,  and  began  practice  in  Crawfordsville,  Ind., 
in  1835;  served  in  the  state  senate  in  1837;  elected 
to  the  Twenty-sixth  Congress,  to  fill  vacancy  caused 
by  the  resignation  of  Tilghman  A.  Howard;  re- 
elected  to  the  Twenty-seventh  Congress,  and  served 
from  December  7,  1840,  to  March  3,  1843;  served 
in  the  Mexican  war  as  lieutenant  colonel  of  volun- 
teers; permanent  chairman  of  the  first  Republican 
national  convention  in  Philadelphia,  Pa.,  June  17, 
1856;  elected  governor  of  Indiana  in  1860;  was 
inaugurated  January  14,  1861,  and  served  four  or 
five  days  and  resigned ;  elected  to  the  United  States 
Senate,  and  served  from  March  4,  1861,  to  March  3, 
1867;  delegate  in  the  Republican  national  conven- 
tions in  Chicago  in  1868,  Philadelphia,  1872;  died 
in  Crawfordsville,  Ind.,  June  ]8,  1881. 

Lane,  James  Henry,  a  Representative  from 
Indiana,  and  a  Senator  from  Kansas;  born  in  Law- 
renceburg, Ind.,  June  22,  1814;  attended  the  public 
schools;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in 
1840,  and  began  practice  in  Lawrenceburg;  member 
of  the  city  council;  served  in  the  Mexican  war; 
colonel  of  the  third  Indiana  volunteers  June  25, 
1846;  mustered  out  June  24,  1847;  recommissioned 
colonel  of  the  fifth  Indiana  infantry  October  22, 
1847;  mustered  out  July  28,  1848;  appointed  briga- 
dier general  of  volunteers  for  service  in  the  Civil 
war  December  18,  1861,  and  appointment  was  can- 
celed March  21,  1862;  lieutenant  governor  1849; 
elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Thirty-third  Congress 


BIOGEAPHIES. 


793 


(March  4,  1853-March  3,  1855);  moved  to  Kansas 
territory  in  1855;  member  of  the  Topeka  constitu- 
tional convention;  elected  to  the  United  States 
Senate  by  the  legislature  that  convened  under  the 
Topeka  constitution  in  1856,  but  the  election  was 
not  recognized  by  United  States  Senate;  president 
of  the  Leavenworth  constitutional  convention  of 
1857 ;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  United  States 
Senate  in  1861,  and  reelected  in  1865,  and  served 
until  his  death,  near  Fort  Leavenworth,  Kans., 
July  11,  1866. 

Lane,  Joseph,  a  Delegate  and  a  Senator  from 
Oregon;  born  in  Buncombe  county,  N.  C.,  Decem- 
ber 14,  1801;  moved  with  parents  to  Henderson, 
Ky.,  in  1810;  attended  the  common  schools;  moved 
to  Vanderburg  county,  Ind.,  in  1821;  served  in 
both  branches  of  the  state  legislature  1822-1846; 
served  in  the  Mexican  war;  colonel  second  Indiana 
volunteers  June  25,  1846;  brigadier  general  of  vol- 
unteers July  1,  1846;  brevet  major  general  October 
9,  1847,  "for  gallant  and  meritorious  conduct  in 
battle  of  Huamantla,  Mexico";  honorably  dis- 
charged July  20,  1848;  appointed  by  President 
Polk  governor  of  Oregon  territory  December  12, 
1848,  and  served  from  March,  1849,  to  1850;  elected 
elected  as  a  Democrat  a  Delegate  to  the  Thirty- 
second,  Thirty-third,  Thirty-fourth,  and  Thirty- 
fifth  Congresses  (March  4,  1851-March  3,  1859); 
again  appointed,  and  by  President  Pierce,  governor 
of  Oregon  territory  March  15,  1853;  elected  to  the 
United  States  Senate,  and  served  from  February 
14,  1859,  to  March  3,  1861;  nominated  for  Vice 
President  on  the  Breckinridge  Democratic  ticket 
in  1860;  died  in  Roseburg,  Oreg.,  April  19,  1881. 

Lane,  Joseph  Heed,  a  Representative  from 
Iowa;  born  in  Davenport,  Iowa,  May  6,  1858;  at- 
tended the  common  schools  and  Knox  college, 
Galesburg,  111.;  studied  law  in  the  State  university 
of  Iowa,  was  admitted  to  the  bar  and  practiced 
in  Davenport;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Fifty- 
sixth  Congress  (March  4,  1899-March  3,  1901);  re- 
sumed the  practice  of  law  in  Davenport,  Iowa. 

Lane,  Lafayette,  a  Representative  from  Ore- 
gon; born  in  Vanderburg  county,  Ind.,  November 
12,  1842;  attended  school  in  Washington,  D.  C., 
and  in  Stamford,  Conn. ;  studied  law,  was  admitted 
to  the  bar,  and  practiced  in  Roseburg,  Oreg. ;  mem- 
ber of  the  state  legislature  in  1864;  code  commis- 
sioner in  1874;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Forty- 
fourth  Congress,  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  the 
death  of  George  A.  La  Dow,  and  served  from  De- 
cember 6,  1875,  to  March  3,  1877;  defeated  for  the 
Forty-fifth  Congress;  died  in  Roseburg,  Oreg., 
November  23,  1896. 

Langdon,  Chauncey,  a  Representative  from 
Vermont;  born  in  Farmingtqn,  Conn.,  Novembers, 
1763;  pursued  classical  studies,  and  was  graduated 
from  Yale  in  1787;  several  years  state  representa- 
tive and  state  councilor;  elected  as  a  Federalist  to 
the  Fourteenth  Congress  (March  4,  1815-March  3, 
1817);  died  in  Castleton,  Conn.,  July  23,  1830. 

Langdon,  John,  a  Delegate  and  a  Senator  from 
New  Hampshire;  born  in  Portsmouth,  N.  H.,  June 
25, 1741;  attended  the  school  of  Maj.Hale  in  Ports- 
mouth; engaged  in  mercantile  pursuits;  prominent 
in  ante-Revolutionary  affairs  and  during  the  war; 
a  representative  in  the  general  court ;  elected  to  the 
Continental  Congress  1775-1776;  resigned  in  1776 
to  become  navy  agent,  and  superintended  the  con- 
struction of  several  ships  of  war;  served  several 
terms  as  speaker  of  the  state  house  of  representa- 


tives, and  during  the  session  of  1777  staked  his 
fortune  to  equip  Gen.  John  Stark' s  brigade;  par- 
ticipated in  the  battle  of  Bennington,  and  com- 
manded a  company  at  Saratoga  and  in  Rhode 
Island;  again  a  Delegate  in  the  Continental  Con- 
gress in  1783;  president  of  New  Hampshire  in  1785; 
delegate  to  the  federal  constitutional  convention 
in  1787;  govern  or  in  1788, 1805, 1809,  and  1810-1811; 
elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  United  States-Senate, 
and  served  from  March  4,  1789,  to  March  3,  1801; 
elected  the  first  President  of  the  Senate  pro  tern- 
pore  April  6,  1789;  declined  the  offer  of  Secretary 
of  the  Navy  in  1811,  and  the  Democratic  nomina- 
tion for  Vice  President  in  1812;  died  in  Portsmouth, 
N.  H.,  September  18,  1819. 

Langdon,  Woodbury,  a  Delegate  from  New 
Hampshire;  born  in  Portsmouth,  N.  H.,  in  1739; 
attended  the  public  schools;  engaged  in  mercantile 

Sursuits;  prominent  in  pre-Revolutionary  affairs; 
elegate  to  the  Continental  Congress  1779-1780; 
executive  councilor  1781-1784;  judge  of  the  state 
superior  court  in  1782,  and  1786-1790;  died  in  Ports- 
mouth, N.  H.,  January  13,  1805. 

Langham,  Jonathan  Nicholas,  a  Representa- 
tive from  Pennsylvania;  born  in  Indiana  county, 
Pa.,  August  4, 1861;  attended  the  common  schools, 
and  later  taught  school;  was  graduated  from  the 
state  normal  school  of  Indiana  in  1882 ;  studied  law, 
was  admitted  to  the  Indiana  county  bar  in  Decem- 
ber, 1888,  and  practiced  in  Indiana,  Pa. ;  appointed 
postmaster  of  Indiana,  Pa.;  by  President  Harrison; 
served  six  years  as  assistant  United  States  attorney 
for  the  western  district  of  Pennsylvania;  served  as 
chief  clerk  and  corporation  deputy  in  the  auditor 
general's  department  of  Pennsylvania;  elected  as 
a  Republican  to  the  Sixty-first  Congress  (March  4, 
1909-March  3,  1911).  Reelected  to  the  Sixty-second 
Congress. 

Langley,  John  Wesley,  a  Representative  from 
Kentucky;  born  in  Floyd  county,  Ky.;  attended 
the  common  schools  and  taught  for  three  years; 
attended  the  law  departments  of  the  National, 
Georgetown,  and  Columbian  (now  George  Washing- 
ton) universities  for  an  aggregate  period  of  eight 
years;  clerk  in  the  pension  office,  and  a  member  of 
the  board  of  pension  appeals;  disbursing  and  ap- 
pointment clerk  of  the  census  office;  served  two 
terms  in  the  Kentucky  legislature,  and  caucus 
nominee  of  his  party  (the  minority)  for  speaker  of 
the  house;  was  twice  a  delegate  from  Kentucky  to 
Republican  national  conventions;  elected  as  a 
Republican  to  the  Sixtieth  and  Sixty-first  Con- 
gresses (March  4,  1907-March  3,  1911).  Reelected 
to  the  Sixty-second  Congress. 

Langston,  John  Mercer,  a  Representative 
from  Virginia;  born  in  Louisa,  Louisa  county,  Va., 
December  14,  1829;  attended  common  schools  in 
Ohio;  was  graduated  from  Oberlin  college  in  1849, 
and  from  the  theological  department  in  1852; 
studied  law  in  Elyria,  Ohio,  was  admitted  to  the 
bar  in  1855,  and  practiced  in  Ohio  1855-1867;  ap- 
pointed inspector  general  of  the  bureau  of  freed- 
men,  refugees,  and  abandoned  lands  in  1868; 
moved  to  Washington,  D.  C.,  and  practiced  law; 
dean  of  the  law  department  of  Howard  university; 
appointed  and  commissioned  by  President  Grant  a 
member  of  the  board  of  health  of  the  District  of 
Columbia  in  1871;  appointed  by  President  Hayes 
minister  resident  and  consul  general  to  Haiti,  and 
charge^  d'affaires  to  Santo  Domingo;  elected  vice 
president  and  acting  president  of  Howard  univer- 
sity in  1872;  elected  president  of  the  Virginia  nor- 


794 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 


mal  and  collegiate  institute  in  1885;  took  active 
part  in  recruiting  colored  troops  during  the  Civil 
war,  especially  the  fifty-fourth  and  fifty-fifth  Massa- 
chusetts and  fifth  Ohio  (colored)  regiments;  filled 
several  township  offices  in  Ohio;  twice  elected  a 
member  of  the  council  of  Oberlin,  and  member  of 
the  board  of  education  for  twelve  years;  presented 
credentials  as  a  Member-elect  from  Virginia  to  the 
Fifty-first  Congress,  and  was  seated  after  contesting 
the  election  of  Edward  C.  Venable,  September  23, 
1890;  served  until  March  3, 1891;  declined  to  make 
a  contest  in  the  Fifty-second  Congress,  for  which  he 
was  the  Republican  candidate,  and  declined  a  re- 
nomination  to  the  Fifty-third  Congress;  died  in 
Washington,  D.  C.,  November  15,  1897. 

Langworthy,  Edward,  a  Delegate  from  Geor- 
gia; born  in  Savannah,  Ga.,  about  1745;  attended 
school  kept  in  connection  with  the  Bethesda  orphan 
house  of  which  he  was  an  inmate,  and  later  became 
an  instructor  in  the  institution;  assisted  in  organ- 
izing the  Georgia  council  of  safety,  and  became 
secretary  of  the  council  December  11, 1775;  a  Dele- 
gate in  the  Continental  Congress  1777-1779;  signer 
of  the  articles  of  confederation;  moved  to  Elks- 
town,  Md.,  and  died  there  about  1800,  while  en- 
gaged in  writing  a  history  of  the  state  of  Georgia. 

Lanham,  Samuel  Willis  Tucker,  a  Represent- 
ative from  Texas;  born  in  Spartanburg  district, 
S.  C.,  July  4,  1846;  attended  the  common  schools; 
entered  the  Confederate  army  when  a  boy;  moved 
to  Texas  in  1866;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the 
bar  in  1869,  and  engaged  in  practice  in  Weatherford, 
Tex.;  district  attorney  1871-1876;  Democratic 
elector  in  1880;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Forty- 
eighth,  Forty-ninth,  Fiftieth,  Fifty-first,  and  Fifty- 
second  Congresses  (March  4,  1883-March  3,  1893); 
reelected  to  the  Fifty-fifth,  Ffty-sixth,  and  Fifty- 
seventh  Congresses,  and  served  from  March  4,  1897, 
until  his  resignation,  January  15,  1903;  governor  of 
Texas  1903-1907;  died  in  Weatherford,  Tex.,  July 
29,  1908. 

Laning,  Jay  Ford,  a  Representative  from  Ohio; 
born  in  New  London,  Ohio,  May  15, 1853;  attended 
the  Savannah  academy  and  Baldwin  university, 
Berea,  Ohio;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar 
in  May,  1875,  and  began  practice  in  New  London; 
held  several  minor  elective  offices;  moved  to  Nor- 
walk,  Ohio,  in  January,  1882,  and  was  a  member  of 
the  city  council  1884-1886;  elected  to  the  Ohio 
state  senate  in  1893  and  reelected  in  1895 ;  practiced 
law  until  1885,  and  then  engaged  in  the  publishing 
business;  delegate  in  the  Republican  national  con- 
vention in  Chicago  in  1904;  elected  as  a  Republi- 
can to  the  Sixtieth  Congress  (March  4,  1907-March 
3,  1909);  resumed  the  publishing  business  in  Nor- 
walk,  Ohio. 

Lanman,  James,  a  Senator  from  Connecticut; 
born  in  Norwich,  Conn.,  June  13,  1769;  pursued 
classical  studies;  was  graduated  from  Yale  college 
in  1788;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in 
1791,  and  commenced  practice  in  Norwich;  state 
attorney  for  New  London  county  1814-1819;  state 
representative  in  1817,  and  state  senator  in  1819  and 
1832;  delegate  in  the  state  constitutional  conven- 
tion of  1818;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  United 
States  Senate,  and  served  from  March  4,  1819,  to 
March  3,  1825;  presented  credentials  as  a  Senator 
by  appointment,  to  fill  vacancy  in  term  beginning 
March  4,1825,  but  the  Senate  would  not  permit  him 
to  qualify;  judge  of  the  state  superior  and  supreme 
courts  1826-1829;  mayor  of  Norwich  1831-1834; 
died  in  Norwich,  Conn.,  August  7,  1841. 


Lanning,  William  Mershon,  a  Representative 
from  New  Jersey;  born  in  Ewingville,  Mercer 
county,  N.  J.,  January  1,  1849;  was  graduated  from 
the  Lawrenceville  school  in  1866;  employed  as  a 
teacher  in  the  public  schools  of  Mercer  county,  and 
in  the  Trenton  academy  1866-1880;  studied  law 
and  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1880;  counselor  in 
1883;  elected  city  solicitor  for  Trenton  in  1884;  in 
1887  appointed  judge  of  the  city  district  court,  and 
served  until  1891,  when  legislated  out  of  office; 
member  of  a  commission  to  frame  township  laws, 
and  of  the  constitutional  commission  of  1894; 
elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Fifty-eighth  Con- 
gress, and  served  from  March  4,  1903,  to  June  6, 
1904,  when  he  resigned;  appointed  United  Statea 
district  judge,  district  of  New  Jeresy. 

Lansing,  Frederick,  a  Representative  from 
New  York;  born  in  Manheim,  Herkimer  county, 
N.  Y.,  February  16, 1838;  attended  the  Little  Falls 
academy,  New  York;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to 
the  bar  in  1859,  and  practiced  in  Watertown,  N.  Y.; 
served  during  the  Civil  war  in  the  eighth  New  York 
cavalry;  acting  adjutant  of  that  regiment  from  June 
23  to  October  11,  1863;  wounded  in  the  battle  of 
Bristoe  Station,  Va.,  in  1863,  and  the  next  year  was 
discharged  on  account  of  wounds;  elected  state 
senator  in  1881  and  1883;  elected  as  a  Republican 
to  the  Fifty-first  Congress  (March  4,  1889-March  3, 
1891);  died  in  Watertown,  N.  Y.,  January  31, 1894. 

Lansing,  Gerrit  Yates,  a  Representative  from 
New  York;  born  in  Albany,  N.  Y.,  August  4,  1783; 
pursued  classical  studies,  and  was  graduated  from 
Union  college  in  1800;  studied  law,  was  admitted 
to  the  bar  in  1804,  and  began  practice  in  Albany; 
clerk  of  the  state  assembly  in  1807;  judge  of  the 
court  of  probates  1816-1823;  elected  as  a  Jackson 
Democrat  to  the  Twenty-second,  Twenty-third, 
and  Twenty-fourth  Congresses  (March  4,  1831- 
March  3,  1837);  elected  regent  of  the  University  of 
the  State  of  New  York  March  31,  1829;  chan- 
cellor of  the  board  of  regents  October  31, 1842;  died 
in  Albany,  N.  Y.,  January  3,  1862. 

Lansing,  John,  jr.,  a  Delegate  from  New  York; 
born  in  Albany,  N.  Y.,  January  30,  1754;  studied 
law  in  Albany  and  in  New  York  City,  and  was  ad- 
mitted to  the  bar  in  1775;  secretary  to  Gen.  Schuy- 
ler  1776-1777;  engaged  in  the  practice  of  law  in 
Albany  in  1778;  member  of  the  state  assembly 
1780-1786,  and  its  speaker  in  1786;  Delegate  in  the 
Continental  Congress  1784-1785,  and  in  the  Federal 
constitutional  convention  of  1787;  withdrew  from 
the  latter  July  10,  1787,  on  the  ground  his  creden- 
tials gave  him  no  power  to  assist  in  the  framing  of  a 
Federal  constitution,  but  only  to  amend  the  articles 
of  confederation;  delegate  in  the  state  convention 
of  June,  1788,  to  ratify  the  Federal  constitution; 
again  a  member  and  speaker  of  the  state  assembly 
in  1789;  member  of  the  commission  to  settle  the 
New  York- Vermont  boundary  line  in  1790;  justice 
of  the  supreme  court  of  New  York  1790-1798,  and 
chief  justice  1798-1801;  chancellor  1801-1814 ;  com- 
missioner to  determine  the  claims  of  the  city  and 
county  of  New  York  to  certain  lands  in  Vermont 
in  1817;  regent  of  the  University  of  the  State  of 
New  York  1817-1829;  unanimously  nominated  by 
the  Anti-Federalists  for  governor  of  New  York  in 
1804,  but  declined;  presidential  elector  in  1824; 
mysteriously  disappeared  after  leaving  his  hotel 
to  post  a  letter  at  one  of  the  docks  in  New  York 
City,  December  12,  1829. 

Lansing,  William  Esseltyne,  a  Representative 
from  New  York;  born  in  Perry ville,  N.  Y.,  Decem- 


BIOGRAPHIES. 


795 


ber  21,  1822;  was  graduated  from  Cazeiiovia  semi- 
nary in  1841;  studied  law  in  Utica,  N.  Y.,  was  ad- 
mitted to  the  bar  in  1845,  and  commenced  practice 
in  Chittenango  in  1845;  district  attorney  of  Madi- 
son county  1851-1854,  county  clerk  1856-1858; 
elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Thirty-seventh 
Congress  (March  4,  1861-March  3,  1863),  and  to  the 
Forty-second  and  Forty-third  Congresses  (March  4, 
1871-March  3,  1875);  resumed  the  practice  of  law 
in  Syracuse,  N.  Y.,  in  1876,  and  died  there  July  29, 
1882. 

Lapham,  Elbridge  Gerry,  a  Representative 
and  a  Senator  from  New  York;  born  in  Farming- 
ton,  N.  Y.,  October  18,  1814;  attended  public 
schools  and  the  Canandaigua  academy;  studied 
civil  engineering;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the 
bar  in  1844,  and  practiced  in  Canandaigua,  N.  Y.; 
member  of  the  constitutional  convention  of  New 
York  in  1867;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Forty- 
fourth,  Forty-fifth,  Forty-sixth,  and  Forty-seventh 
Congresses  (March  4,  1875-yMarch  3,  1883);  elected 
as  a  Republican  to  the  United  States  Senate,  to  fill 
vacancy  caused  by  the  resignation  of  Roscoe  Conk- 
ling,  and  served  from  July  22,  1881,  to  March  3, 
1885;  resumed  the  practice  of  law  in  Canandaigua, 
N.  Y.;  died  in  "Glen  Gerry,"  Canandaigua  Lake, 
N.  Y.,  January  8,  1890. 

Lapham,  Oscar,  a  Representative  from  Rhode 
Island;  born  in  Burrillville,  R.  I.,  June  29,  1837; 
attended  the  seminary  in  Scituate,  the  academy 
in  Pembroke,  N.  H.,  the  University  grammar 
school,  Providence,  and  was  graduated  from 
Brown  university  in  1864;  member  of  board  of 
trustees  and  of  the  advisory  and  executive  com- 
mittee of  that  university;  admitted  to  the  bar  in 
Providence  in  May,  1867,  and  practiced;  served 
in  the  Civil  war  as  first  lieutenant,  adjutant,  and 
captain  in  the  twelfth  Rhode  Island  volunteers; 
aid  de  camp  on  brigade  staff;  served  in  army  of 
the  Potomac  and  the  department  of  the  Ohio  in 
Kentucky;  captain  of  University  cadets  of  Brown 
university  and  colonel  of  United  Train  of  Artillery, 
an  ancient  military  organization,  under  special 
charter;  represented  city  of  Providence  in  state 
senate  1887-1888;  member  and  treasurer  Demo- 
cratic state  central  committee  1887-1891;  Demo- 
cratic candidate  for  Congress  in  1882,  1886,  and 
1888,  and  defeated  each  time;  elected  as  a  Demo- 
crat to  the  Fifty-second  and  Fifty-third  Congresses 
(March  4,  1891-March  3,  1895);  resumed  the  prac- 
tice of  law  in  Providence,  R.  I. 

Laporte,  John,  a  Representative  from  Penn- 
sylvania; born  in  Asylum  township,  Bradford 
county,  Pa.,  November  4,  1798;  member  of  the 
state  general  assembly  1828-1831,  and  speaker  of 
the  house  of  representatives  1831-1832;  elected  to 
the  Twenty-third  and  Twenty-fourth  Congresses 
(March  4,  1833-March  3,  1837);  associate  judge  of 
Bradford  county  1840-1845;  surveyor  general  of 
Pennsylvania  1845-1851;  engaged  in  banking  busi- 
ness in  Towanda,  Pa.,  1850-1862;  died  in  Towanda, 
Pa.,  August  22,  1862. 

Larned,  Simon,  a  Representative  from  Massa- 
chusetts; born  in  Thompson,  Conn.,  August  13, 
1753;  attended  the  common  schools;  for  several 
years  sheriff  of  Berkshire  county;  served  in  the 
Revolution  as  a  captain  in  the  third  Massachusetts 
regiment;  settled  as  a  merchant  in  Pittsfield, 
Mass.,  in  1784;  a  representative  in  the  general 
court  in  1791;  county  treasurer;  served  in  the  war 
of  1812  as  colonel  of  the  ninth  United  States 
infantry,  and  was  engaged  at  Plattsburg  and  along 


the  Mohawk  river;  elected  to  the  Eighth  Congress, 
to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  the  resignation  of  Thomp- 
son J.  Skinner,  and  served  from  November  5, 
1804,  to  March  3,  1805;  died  in  Pittsfield,  Mass., 
November  16,  1817. 

Larrabee,  Charles  Hathaway,  a  Represent- 
ative from  Wisconsin;  born  in  Rome,  N.  Y., 
November  9,  1820;  moved  with  parents  to  Ohio; 
attended  Granville  college,  studied  engineering 
and  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1841,  and 
commenced  practice  in  Pontotoc,  Miss.;  moved  to 
Chicago,  111.,  in  1844-  city  attorney  1846-1847; 
moved  to  Horicon,  Wis.  Ter.,  in  1847;  delegate 
in  the  state  constitutional  convention  of  1847; 
judge  of  the  third  judicial  circuit  and  of  the  state 
supreme  court  1848-1858;  resigned;  elected  as  a 
Democrat  to  the  Thirty-sixth  Congress  (March  4, 
1859-March  3,  1861);  defeated  for  the  Thirty- 
seventh  Congress;  served  in  the  Union  army  April 

17,  1861,  to  his  resignation,  September,  1863,  and 
was  promoted  from  lieutenant  to  colonel;  moved 
to  California  in  1864,  and  practiced  law  there,  in 
Salem,  Oreg.,  and  Seattle,  Wash.,  and  finally  in 
San  Bernardino,  Gal.;  died  in  Los  Angeles,  Gal., 
January  20,  1883. 

Larrinaga,  Tulip,  Resident  Commissioner  from 
Porto  Rico;  born  in  Trujillo  Alto,  Porto  Rico, 
January  15,  1847;  attended  the  Seminario  Con- 
silar  of  San  Ildefonso,  at  San  Juan;  studied  civil 
engineering  in  the  Polytechnic  institute  of  Troy, 
N.  Y.,  and  the  University  of  Philadelphia,  where 
he  graduated  in  1871;  practiced  for  some  time  in 
the  states,  taking  part  in  the  topographical  map 
of  Kings  county  (Brooklyn)  and  in  the  technical 
department  of  Badger  &  Co.  in  the  construction 
of  the  grand  central  depot  in  New  York  City; 
returned  to  Porto  Rico  in  1872  and  was  appointed 
architect  for  the  city  of  San  Juan;  built  the  first 
railroad  in  Porto  Rico  in  1880,  and  introduced 
American  rolling  stock  in  the  island;  was  for  ten 
years  chief  engineer  of  the  provincial  works;  in 
1898  was  appointed  assistant  secretary  of  the 
interior  under  the  autonomic  government,  and  in 
1900  was  sent  by  his  party  as  a  Delegate  to  Wash- 
ington; in  1902  was  elected  member  of  the  house 
of  delegates  for  the  district  of  Arecibo,  and  in 
1904  Resident  Commissioner  to  Washington  in  the 
Fifty-ninth,  Sixtieth,  and  Sixty-first  Congresses 
(March  4,  1905-March  3,  1911);  resumed  civil 
engineering  in  San  Juan,  P.  R. 

La  Sere,  Emile,  a  Representative  from  Louisi- 
ana; native  of  that  state;  born  in  1802;  completed 
preparatory  studies;  located  in  New  Orleans; 
elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Twenty-ninth  Con- 
gress, to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  the  resignation  of 
John  Slidell;  reelected  to  the  Thirtieth  and  Thirty- 
first  Congresses,  and  served  from  January  29,  1846, 
to  March  3,  1851;  died  August  14,  1882. 

Lash,  Israel  George,  a  Representative  from 
North  Carolina;  born  in  Bethania,  N.  C.,  August 

18,  1810;  became  a  merchant,  manufacturer,  and 
a  banker  in  Salem,  N.  C.,  in  1847;  elected  as  a 
Republican  to  the  Fortieth  and  Forty-first  Con- 
gresses (March  4,   1867-March  3,   1871);  died  in 
Salem,  N.  C.,  April  1,  1878. 

Lassiter,  Francis  Hives,  a  Representative 
from  Virginia;  born  in  Petersburg,  Va.,  February 
18,  1866;  was  graduated  from  several  academic 
schools,  and  attended  the  University  of  Virginia 
1883-1884;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the 
Suffolk  bar,  Boston,  Mass.,  1887,  and  to  the  Vir- 


796 


CONGRESSIONAL   DIEECTOEY. 


ginia  bar  in  1888,  and  continued  to  practice  in 
Petersburg,  Va.;  member  of  the  Virginia  Demo- 
cratic state  central  committee;  elected  city  at- 
torney of  Petersburg  in  1888,  1890,  and  1892; 
presidential  elector  1892;  appointed  United  States 
attorney  for  the  eastern  district  of  Virginia  in 
1893,  and  resigned  in  1896;  appointed  supervisor 
for  the  twelfth  census  for  the  fourth  district  of 
Virginia  in  1899;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the 
Fifty-sixth  Congress,  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by 
the  death  of  Sydney  P.  Eppes;  reelected  to  the 
Fifty-seventh  Congress,  and  served  from  April 
28,  1900,  to  March  3,  1903;  again  elected  to  the 
Sixtieth  and  Sixty-first  Congresses,  and  served 
from  March  4, 1907,  until  his  death  in  Petersburg, 
Va.,  October  31,  1909. 

Latham,  George  Robert,  a  Representative 
from  West  Virginia;  born  in  Prince  William  county, 
Va.,  March  9,  1832;  attended  the  public  schools; 
studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1859,  and 
commenced  practice  in  Grafton,  W.  Va.;  served 
in  the  Union  army  as  captain  of  volunteers;  elected 
as  a  Republican  to  the  Thirty-ninth  Congress 
(March  4,  1865-March  3,  1867);  United  States 
consul  at  Melbourne,  Australia,  1867-1870;  school 
superintendent  of  Upshur  county,  W.  Va.,  Sep- 
tember 1,  1875,  to  August  31,  1877;  a  resident  of 
Buckhannon,  W.  Va.,  and  retired. 

Latham,  Louis  Charles,  a  Representative  from 
North  Carolina;  born  in  Plymouth,  N.  C.,  Septem- 
ber 11,  1840;  was  graduated  from  the  University  of 
North  Carolina  in  1859,  and  then  attended  Harvard 
law  school;  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  prac- 
ticed in  Greenville,  N.  C.;  entered  the  Confederate 
army  in  1861,  and  made  captain,  and  afterwards 
major,  of  the  first  North  State  troops;  elected  to 
the  state  house  of  commons  in  1864,  and  to  the 
state  senate  in  1870;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the 
Forty-seventh  Congress  (March  4,  1881-March  3, 
1883);  reelected  to  the  Fiftieth  Congress  (March 
4,  1887-March  3,  1889);  resumed  the  practice  of 
law  in  Greenville,  N.  C.;  died  in  the  Johns  Hop- 
kins university  hospital,  Baltimore,  Md.,  October 
16,  1895. 

Latham,  Milton  Slocum,  a  Representative 
and  a  Senator  from  California;  born  in  Columbus, 
Ohio,  May  23,  1827;  pursued  classical  studies,  and 
was  graduated  from  Jefferson  college,  Pennsyl- 
vania, in  1845;  moved  to  Russell  county,  Ala.; 
taught  school  and  studied  law;  was  admitted  to 
the  bar  in  1848,  and  appointed  circuit  court  clerk 
for  Russell  county;  moved  to  San  Francisco,  Cal., 
in  1849;  clerk  of  the  recorder's  court  in  1850;  dis- 
trict attorney  for  the  Sacramento  district  in  1851; 
elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Thirty-third  Con- 
gress (March  4,  1853-March  3,  1855);  declined 
a  renomination;  collector  of  the  port  of  San  Fran- 
cisco 1855-1857;  elected  governor  in  1859;  inaugu- 
rated in  January,  1860,  and  resigned  three  days 
later;  elected  to  the  United  States  Senate,  to  fill 
vacancy  caused  by  the  death  of  David  C.  Brod- 
erick,  and  served  from  January  11,  1860,  to  March 
3,  1863;  engaged  in  the  practice  of  law  in  San 
Francisco,  Cal.;  president  of  the  bank  of  California; 
died  in  New  York  City  March  4,  1882. 

Lathrop,  Samuel,  a  Representative  from  Mas- 
sachusetts; born  in  West  Springfield,  Hampden 
county,  Mass.,  May  1,  1772;  pursued  classical 
studies  and  was  graduated  from  -Yale  college  in 
1792;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and 
commenced  practice  in  West  Springfield;  elected 


to  the  Sixteenth,  Seventeenth,  Eighteenth,  and 
Nineteenth  Congresses  (March  4,  1819-March  3, 
1827);  state  senator  for  ten  years  and  president  of 
the  state  senate  1829-1830;  died  in  West  Spring- 
field, Mass.,  July  11,  1846. 

Lathrop,  William,  a  Representative  from  Illi- 
nois; born  in  Genesee  county,  N.  Y.,  April  17, 
1825;  attended  the  public  schools;  moved  to  Illi- 
nois; studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in 
1851,  and  commenced  practice  in  Rockford,  111.; 
state  representative  in  1856;  elected  as  a  Republi- 
can to  the  Forty-fifth  Congress  (March  4,  1877- 
March  3,  1879);  died  November  18,  1907. 

Latimer,  Asbury  Churchill,  a  Representative 
and  a  Senator  from  South  Carolina;  born  near 
Lowndesville,  Abbeville  county,  S.  C.,  July  31, 
1851;  engaged  in  agricultural  pursuits;  attended 
the  common  schools;  took  an  active  part  in  the 
memorable  campaign  of  1876;  removed  to  Belton, 
Anderson  county,  S.  C.,  in  1880;  devoted  himself 
to  farming;  county  chairman  of  the  Democratic 
party  1890-1892;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the 
Fifty-third,  and  to  the  four  succeeding  Congresses 
(March  4, 1893-March  3, 1903) ;  elected  to  the  United 
States  Senate  and  served  from  March  4, 1903,  until 
his  death  in  Washington,  D.  C.,  February  20, 1908. 

Latimer,  Henry,  a  Representative  and  a  Sena- 
tor from  Delaware;  born  in  Newport,  Del.,  April 
24,  1752;  pursued  classical  studies;  studied  medi- 
cine in  Philadelphia,  Pa.,  was  graduated  from  the 
University  of  Pennsylvania  in  1773,  and  from  the 
Edinburgh  (Scotland)  medical  college,  in  1775;  re- 
turned to  the  United  States  and  practiced  in 
Wilmington,  Del. ;  served  as  a  surgeon  in  the  Revo- 
lutionary war,  attached  to  the  "flying  squadron;" 
member  of  the  state  house  of  representatives;  suc- 
cessfully contested  the  election  of  John  Patton,  to 
the  Third  Congress,  and  served  from  February  14, 
1794,  until  February  7,  1795,  when  he  resigned; 
elected  to  the  United  States  Senate  to  fill  vacancy 
caused  by  the  resignation  of  George  Read ;  reelected 
and  served  from  February  7, 1795,  until  1801,  when 
he  resigned;  died  in  Philadelphia,  Pa.,  December 
19,  1819. 

Latta,  James  P.,  a  Representative  from  Ne- 
braska; born  near  Ashland,  Ohio,  October  31,  1844; 
moved  with  parents  to  a  farm  in  eastern  Iowa  in 
1846;  attended  district  schools,  and  engaged  in 
farming;  moved  to  the  territory  of  Nebraska,  and 
engaged  in  farming  and  stock-raising  in  Burt 
county;  president  of  the  first  National  bank  of 
Tekamah,  Nebr.;  member  of  the  state  house  of 
representatives  in  1887,  and  of  the  state  senate  in 
1909;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Sixty-first  Con- 

fress  (March  4, 1909-March  3, 1911.)     Reelected  to  the 
ixty-second     Congress.     (Died     near     Tekamah, 
Nebr.,  September  11,  1911.) 

Lattimore,  William,  a  Delegate  from  Missis- 
sippi Territory;  bom  in  Norfolk,  Va.,  February  9, 
1774;  attended  the  common  schools;  studied  medi- 
cine; moved  to  Mississippi;  elected  to  the  Eighth 
and  Ninth  Congresses,  and  served  from  October  17, 
1803,  to  March  3,  1807;  reelected  to  the  Thirteenth 
and  Fourteenth  Congresses  (March  4, 1813-March  3, 
1817) ;  delegate  in  the  first  state  constitutional  con- 
vention of  Mississippi  in  1817;  appointed  a  censor 
of  the  medical  profession  under  the  constitution 
and  code;  one  of  the  commissioners  to  select  the 
site  for  the  seat  of  the  new  state  government;  died 
in  Amite  county,  Miss.,  April  3,  1843. 


BIOGRAPHIES. 


797 


Laurance,  John,  a  Delegate,  a  Representative, 
and  a  Senator  from  New  York;  born  in  Cornwall, 
England,  in  1750;  came  to  New  York  City  in  1767; 
pursued  academic  studies;  studied  law,  was  ad- 
mitted to  the  bar  in  1772,  and  practiced  in  New 
York  City;  served  in  the  Revolution  as  a  commis- 
sioned officer  in  the  first  New  York  regiment,  and 
became  aid-de-camp  to  Gen.  Washington  in 
October,  1777;  presided  as  judge  advocate  general 
at  the  trial  of  Major  John  Andre";  regent  of  the 
University  of  the  State  of  New  York,  November 
26,  1784;  trustee  of  Columbia  college  1784-1810; 
Delegate  in  the  Continental  Congress  1785-1787; 
state  senator  in  1789;  elected  to  the  First  and  Sec- 
ond Congresses  (March  4,  1789-March  3,  1793);  ap- 
pointed by  President  Washington  United  States 
judge  of  the  district  of  New  York  May  5,  1794, and 
served  until  November  8,  1796,  when  he  resigned; 
elected  to  the  United  States  Senate,  to  fill  vacancy 
caused  by  the  resignation  of  Rufus  King,  and 
served  from  November  9,  1796,  to  August,  1800, 
when  he  resigned;  was  elected  President  of  the 
Senate  pro  tempore  December  6,  1798;  died  in 
New  York  City  November  11, 1810. 

Laurens,  Henry,  a  Delegate  from  South  Caro- 
lina; born  in  Charleston,  S.  C.,  in  1724;  studied  in 
England;  upon  returning  entered  the  mercantile 
business;  served  as  a  major  against  the  Cherokee 
Indians  1757-1761;  president  of  the  council  of 
safety  in  1774;  member  of  the  first  provincial  con- 
gress in  1775;  vice  president  of  South  Carolina  in 
1776;  Delegate  in  the  Continental  Congress  1777- 
1780;  president  of  the  Congress  1777-1778;  elected 
minister  to  Holland  by  the  Continental  Congress 
October  21,  1779;  captured  on  the  voyage  and  held 
a  prisoner  in  the  Tower  of  London  for  fifteen 
months;  was  exchanged  for  Lord  Cornwallisin  1781; 
appointed  one  of  the  peace  commissioners  and 
signed  the  preliminary  treaty  of  Paris  November 
30,  1782;  returned  to  farming  in  South  Carolina, 
and  died  in  Charleston,  S.  C.,  December  8,  1792. 

Law,  Charles  Blakeslee,  a  Representative  from 
New  York;  born  in  Hannibal,  N.  Y.,  February  5, 
1872;  was  graduated  from  Colgate  academy,  Ham- 
ilton, N.  Y.,  in  1891,  and  from  Amherst  college, 
Amherst,  Mass.,  in  1895;  studied  law  in  Rome,  N. 
Y.,  and  in  Cornell  law  school;  was  admitted  to  the 
bar  in  Rochester,  N.  Y.,  November,  1897;  moved 
to  Brooklyn  and  commenced  practice ;  elected  as  a 
Republican  to  the  Fifty-ninth,  Sixtieth,  and  Sixty- 
first  Congresses  (March  4,  1905-March  3,  1911); 
resumed  the  practice  of  law  in  the  borough  of 
Brooklyn,  New' York  City;  elected  sheriff  of  Kings 
county. 

Law,  John,  a  Representative  from  Indiana; 
born  in  New  London,  Conn.,  October  28,  1796;  pur- 
sued classical  studies,  and  was  graduated  from 
Yale  college  in  1814;  studied  law,  was  admitted 
to  the  bar  in  1817,  and  commenced  practice  in 
Vincennes,  Ind. ;  member  of  the  state  house  of  rep- 
resentatives in  1823;  prosecuting  attorney  and 
judge  of  the  local  circuit  several  years;  land-office 
receiver  1838-1842;  judge  of  the  court  of  land  claims 
1855-1857;  moved  to  Evansville,  Ind.;  elected  as  a 
Democrat  to  the  Thirty-seventh  and  Thirty-eighth 
Congresses  (March  4,  1861-March  3,  1865);  died  in 
Evansville,  Ind.,  October  7,  1873. 

Law,  Lyman,  a  Representative  from  Connecti- 
cut; born  in  New  London,  Conn.,  August  19,  1770; 
pursued  classical  studies,  and  was  graduated  from 
Yale  collge  in  1791;  studied  law,  was  admitted 
to  the  bar  in  1793  and  practiced  in  New  London; 


speaker  of  the  state  house  of  representatives; 
elected  as  a  Federalist  to  the  Twelfth,  Thirteenth, 
and  Fourteenth  Congresses  (March  4,  1811-March 
3,  1817);  died  in  New  London,  Conn.,  Februarv 

3,  1842. 

Law,  Richard,  a  Delegate  from  Connecticut; 
born  in  Milford,  Conn.,  March  17,  1733;  pursued 
classical  studies;  was  graduated  from  Yale  college 
in  1751;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in 
New  Haven,  Conn.,  in  1754,  and  practiced  in  Mil- 
ford  1754-1757,  and  thereafter  in  New  London; 
chief  judge  of  the  county  court  and  of  the  superior 
court  in  1784;  member  of  the  governor's  council 
1776-1786;  Delegate  in  the  Continental  Congress 
1778  and  1783-1784;  mayor  of  New  London  1784- 
1806;  judge  of  the  supreme  court  of  Connecticut 
1784-1789,  and  was  appointed  chief  justice  of  the 
superior  court  in  May,  1786;  appointed  by  Presi- 
dent Washington  United  States  district  judge  for 
Connecticut  September  24,  1789,  and  served  until 
his  death,  in  New  London,  Conn.,  January  26, 1806. 

Lawler,  Frank,  a  Representative  from  Illinois; 
born  in  Rochester,  N.  Y.,  June  25,  1842;  attended 
public  schools;  learned  the  trade  of  shipbuilder; 
employed  in  the  Chicago  post  office  1869-1877; 
member  of  the  city  council  1876-1885;  in  business 
as  a  liquor  merchant  in  1878;  elected  as  a  Democrat 
to  the  Forty-ninth,  Fiftieth,  and  Fifty-first  Con- 
gresses (March  4,  1885-March  3,  1891);  died  in 
Chicago,  111.,  January  17,  1896. 

Lawler,  Joab,  a  Representative  from  Alabama; 
born  in  Monroe  county,  N.  C.,  June  12, 1796;  moved 
with  his  father  to  Tennessee,  and  then  to  Missis- 
sippi territory  in  1815;  attended  the  public  schools; 
studied  theology,  and  was  licensed  to  preach; 
moved  to  Mardisville,  Ala.,  in  1820;  state  repre- 
sentative 1826-1831,  and  state  senator  1831-1832; 
receiver  of  public  moneys  for  the  Coosa  land  dis- 
trict 1832-1835;  treasurer  of  the  University  of 
Alabama  1833-1836;  elected  as  a  Whig  to  the  Twen- 
ty-fourth and  Twenty-fifth  Congresses,  and  served 
from  March  4,  1834,  until  his  death  in  Washing- 
ton, D.  C.,  May  8, 1838. 

Lawrence,  Abbott,  a  Representative  from 
Massachusetts;  bom  in  Groton,  Mass.,  December 
16,  1792;  attended  Groton  academy;  became  a 
merchant  and  importer  in  Boston;  member  of  the 
Boston  common  council  in  1831 ;  elected  as  a  Whig 
to  the  Twenty-fourth  Congress  (March  4,  1835- 
March  3,  1837);  reelected  to  the  Twenty-sixth 
Congress,  and  served  from  March  4,  1839,  to  Sep- 
tember 18,  1840,  when  he  resigned;  northeast 
boundary  commissioner  in  1842;  delegate  in  the 
Whig  national  convention  in  Baltimore  in  May, 
1844;  declined  the  offer  of  cabinet  position  ten- 
dered by  President  Taylor;  temporarily  appointed 
by  President  Taylor  United  States  minister  to 
Great  Britain  August  20, 1849;  reappointed  January 

4,  1850,  confirmed  June  24,  1850,  and  served  to 
October,    1852,   when  he  resigned  and   resumed 
business  in  Boston;  founded  the  Lawrence  scien- 
tific school  in  Cambridge,  Mass.;  died  in  Boston, 
Mass.,  August  18, 1855. 

Lawrence,  Cornelius  Van  Wyck,  a  Represen- 
tative from  New  York;  born  in  Flushing,  N.  Y., 
February  28,  1791;  attended  the  common  schools; 
moved  to  New  York  City  in  1812,  and  engaged  in 
mercantile  business;  elected  as  a  Jackson  Demo- 
crat to  the  Twenty-third  Congress,  and  served  from 
March  4,  1833,  to  May,  1834,  when  he  resigned; 
mayor  of  New  York  City  1834-1836;  presidential 


798 


CONGRESSIONAL   DIRECTORY. 


elector  on  the  Democratic  ticket  in  1836;  collector 
of  the  port  of  New  York  City  1837-1839;  director 
in  several  banks  and  trust  companies;  collector  of 
customs  in  New  York  City  1845-1849;  died  in 
Flushing,  N.  Y.,  February  20,  1851. 

Lawrence,  Effingham,  a  Representative  from 
Louisiana;  successfully  contested  the  seat  of  Jay 
Hale  Sypher  in  the  Forty-third  Congress  and  was 
seated  March  3,  1875,  the  last  day  of  the  session; 
died  in  1878. 

Lawrence  George  Pelton,  a  Representative 
from  Massachusetts;  born  in  Adams,  Mass.,  May  19, 
1859;  was  graduated  from  Drury  academy  in  1876, 
and  from  Amherst  college  in  1880;  studied  law  in 
the  Columbia  law  school;  was  admitted  to  the  bar 
in  1883,  and  practiced  in  North  Adams;  appointed 
judge  of  the  district  court  of  northern  Berkshire  in 
1885;  resigned  in  1894  upon  being  elected  to  the 
Massachusetts  senate ;  member  of  the  Massachusetts 
senate  1895-1897,  and  served  as  president  of  that 
body  1896-1897;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the 
Fifty-sixth,  and  to  the  six  succeeding  Congresses 
(March  4,  1897-March  3,  1911).  Reelected  to  the 
Sixty-sec'ond  Congress. 

Lawrence,  George  Van  Eman,  a  Representa- 
tive from  Pennsylvania;  born  in  Washington 
county,  Pa.,  November  13,  1818;  attended  the 
common  schools  and  Washington  college;  elected 
to  the  state  house  of  representatives  in  1844  and 
1847,  and  to  the  senate  in  1848;  reelected  to  the 
house  of  representatives  in  1858,  and  again  in  1859, 
and  to  the  senate  in  1860;  presided  over  the  senate 
in  1863;  elected  as  a  Whig  to  the  Thirty-ninth  and 
Fortieth  Congresses  (March  4,  1865-March  3,  1869); 
delegate  to  the  constitutional  convention  of  Penn- 
sylvania in  1872;  elected  to  the  state  senate  under 
the  new  constitution  in  1875,  1876,  and  1878; 
elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Forty-eighth  Con- 
gress (March  4,  1883-March  3,  1885);  again  served 
two  terms  in  the  state  legislature;  died  in  Monon- 
gahela,  Washington  county,  Pa.,  October  2,  1904. 

Lawrence,  John  W.,  a  Representative  from 
New  York;  born  in  Flushing,  N.  Y.,  in  1800;  state 
representative  1841-1842;  elected  as  a  Democrat 
to  the  Twenty-ninth  Congress  (March  4,  1845- 
March  3,  1847);  died  in  Flushing,  N.  Y.,  Decem- 
ber 20,  1888. 

Lawrence,  Joseph,  a  Representative  from 
Pennsylvania;  born  in  Adams  county,  Pa.,  in  1786; 
moved  with  his  widowed  mother  to  a  farm  in  Wash- 
ington county  in  1789;  attended  the  common 
schools;  state  representative  for  1818-1824,  and 
speaker  for  two  sessions;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to 
the  Nineteenth  and  Twentieth  Congresses  (March 
4,  1825-March  3,  1829);  again  a  representative  in 
the  state  legislature  1834-1836;  state  treasurer  in 
1837;  reelected  to  the  Twenty-seventh  Congress, 
and  served  from  March  4,  1841,  until  his  death  in 
Washington,  D.  C.,  April  17,  1842. 

Lawrence,  Samuel,  a  Representative  from 
New  York;  located  in  Johnson's  settlement;  mem- 
ber of  the  state  house  of  representatives  1808,  1817, 
and  1818;  presidential  elector  in  1816;  elected  to 
the  Eighteenth  Congress  (March  4,  1823-March  3, 
1825). 

Lawrence,  Sidney,  a  Representative  from  New 
York;  born  in  Weybridge,  Vt.,  December  31,  1801; 
moved  with  parents  to  Moira,  Franklin  county, 
N.  Y.,  in  early  childhood;  attended  the  common 
schools;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and 


practiced  in  Moira,  N.  Y.;  was  justice  of  the  peace 
for  more  than  fifty  years;  surrogate  of  Franklin 
county  1837-1843;  state  senator  1843-1844;  mem; 
ber  of  the  state  house  of  representatives  in  1846; 
elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Thirtieth  Congress 
(March  4,  1847-March  3,  1849);  resumed  law  prac- 
tice and  the  real  estate  business;  died  in  Moira. 
N.  Y.,  May  9,  1892. 

Lawrence,  William,  a  Representative  from 
Ohio;  born  in  Washington,  Ohio,  September  2, 
1814;  pursued  classical  studies,  and  was  graduated 
from  Jefferson  college,  Pennsylvania,  in  1835, 
farmer  and  merchant;  state  representative  in  1843; 
presidential  elector  on  the  Democratic  ticket  in 
1848;  delegate  in  the  state  constitutional  conven- 
tion of  1850;  state  senator  1856-1857;  elected  as  a 
Democrat  to  the  Thirty-fifth  Congress  (March  4, 
1857-March  3,  1859);  again  a  state  senator  1867  and 
1885-1886;  member  of  board  of  directors  of  Ohio 
penitentiary  and  president  of  the  board;  died  in 
Washington,  Ohio,  September  8,  1895. 

Lawrence,  William,  a  Representative  from 
Ohio;  born  in  Mount  Pleasant,  Ohio,  June  26, 1819; 
was  graduated  from  Franklin  college,  Ohio,  in  1838, 
and  from  the  Cincinnati  law  school  in  1840,  and 
practiced  in  Belief ontaine,  Ohio,  1840-1899;  editor 
of  the  Logan  Gazette  and  the  Western  Law  Monthly 
bankrupt  commissioner  of  Logan  county  in  1842 
and  prosecuting  attorney  of  Logan  county  in  1845; 
state  representative  1846-1847  and  state  senator 
1848-1853;  supreme  court  reporter;  judge  of  the 
court  of  common  pleas  and  of  the  district  court 
1857-1864;  entered  the  Union  army  in  1862  as 
colonel  of  the  eighty-fourth  Ohio  infantry  volun- 
teers; appointed  United  States  judge  in  Florida  in 
1863;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Thirty-ninth, 
Fortieth,  and  Forty-first  Congresses  (March  4,  1865- 
March  3,  1871);  reelected  to  the  Forty-third  and 
Forty-fourth  Congresses  (March  4,  1873-March  3, 
1877);  first  comptroller  of  the  United  States  Treas- 
ury 1880-1885;  died  in  Kenton,  Ohio,  May  8,  1899; 
interment  in  Bellefoniaine,  Ohio. 

Lawrence,  William  Thomas,  a  Representative 
from  New  York;  born  in  New  York  City  May  7, 
1788;  attended  the  common  schools;  engaged  in 
mercantile  pursuits;  served  in  the  war  of  1812; 
moved  to  Cayuga  county  in  1823  and  became  a 
farmer;  justice  of  the  peace  in  1838;  judge  of 
Tomkins  county;  elected  to  the  Thirtieth  Congress 
(March  4,  1847-March  3,  1849);  died  at  his  country 
home  near  Cayutaville,  N.  Y.,  October  25,  1859; 
interment  in  the  borough  of  Queens,  New  York 
City. 

Laws,  Gilbert  Lafayette,  a  Representative 
from  Nebraska;  born  near  Olney,  Richland  county, 
111.,  March  11, 1838;  moved  with  his  parents  to  Iowa 
county,  Wis.,  in  1845 ;  attended  the  common  schools 
and  Haskell  university,  Mazomanie,  Wis.,  and 
Milton  college,  Milton,  Wis.;  taiight  school  until 
1861,  when  he  enlisted  in  the  fifth  Wisconsin  vol- 
unteer infantry;  wounded  in  the  battle  of  Williams- 
burg,  Va.,  May  5,  1862;  returned  to  Wisconsin  and 
located  in  Richland  county;  elected  clerk  of  that 
county  in  November,  1862;  twice  reelected;  en- 
gaged in  manufacturing;  chairman  of  the  county 
board  of  supervisors  1869-1870;  member  of  the  city 
council;  elected  mayor  of  Richland  Center  in  1870; 
postmaster  1869-1876,  when  he  resigned  and  moved 
to  Orleans,  Nebr. ;  appointed  register  of  the  United 
States  land  office  at  McCook,  Nebr.,  in  1883,  and 
served  until  November  1,  1886;  elected  secretary  of 
state  of  Nebraska,  November  2,  1886,  and  in  1888; 


BIOGRAPHIES. 


799 


elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Fifty-first  Congress, 
to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  the  death  of  James  Laird, 
and  served  from  December  2,  1889,  to  March  3, 
1891;  moved  to  Enid,  Okla.,  and  engaged  in  the 
real  estate  business;  returned  to  Lincoln,  Nebr., 
in  1895;  secretary  of  the  state  board  of  transporta- 
tion 1896-1900;  died  in  Lincoln,  Nebr.,  April  26, 
1906. 

Lawson,  John  Daniel,  a  Representative  from 
New  York;  born  in  Montgomery,  N.  Y.,  February 
18,  1816;  attended  the  public  schools;  importer 
in  New  York  City;  delegate  to  the  Republican 
national  conventions  of  1868  and  1872;  elected  as 
a  Republican  to  the  Forty-third  Congress  (March  4, 
1873-March  3,  1875);  charter  member  of  the  Union 
League  club;  died  in  New  York  City  January  24, 
1896. 

Lawson,  John  William.,  a  Representative  from 
Virginia;  born  in  James  City  county,  Va.,  Septem- 
ber 13,  1837;  attended  the  schools  of  Williamsburg, 
William  and  Mary  college,  and  the  University  of 
of  Virginia;  studied  medicine  and  was  graduated 
from  the  University  of  the  city  of  New  York  March 
4,  1861;  returned  to  Virginia  and  enlisted  in  the 
thirty-second  regiment  Virginia  infantry;  served 
on  the  Peninsula;  participated  in  the  battle  of 
Williamsburg  and  in  the  series  of  battles  beginning 
with  Seven  Pines;  entered  the  medical  department; 
assistant  surgeon  in  charge  of  artillery  battalion; 
promoted  to  full  surgeon  March  10, 1864,  and  served 
until  the  surrender  at  Appomattox  April  9,  1865; 
settled  in  Isle  of  Wight  county,  Va.,  December, 
1865;  practiced  medicine  for  ten  years;  elected  to 
the  house  of  delegates  and  reelected ;  elected  to  the 
state  senate;  engaged  in  farming;  elected  as  a  Demo- 
crat to  the  Fifty-second  Congress  (March  4,  1891- 
March  3,  1893);  died  in  Smithfield,  Va.,  February 
21,  1905. 

Lawson,  Thomas  Graves,  a  Representative 
from  Georgia;  born  in  Putnam  county,  Ga.,  May  2, 
1835;  attended  the  common  schools  and  was  gradu- 
ated from  Mercer  university  in  1855 ;  elected  to  the 
legislature  in  1861,  1863,  and  1865;  member  of  the 
constitutional  convention  of  1877;  elected  judge  of 
the  superior  courts  of  the  Ocmulgee  circuit,  and 
served  1789-1887;  engaged  in  farming  near  Eaton- 
ton,  Ga.,  1888-1891;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the 
Fifty-second,  Fifty-third,  and  Fifty-fourth  Con- 
gresses (March  4,  1891-March  3,  1897);  resumed 
agricultural  pursuits  in  Putnam  county,  Ga.;  died 
in  Eatonton,  Ga.,  April  16,  1912. 

Lawyer,  Thomas,  a  Representative  from  New 
York;  born  in  Schoharie,  N.  Y.,  October  14,  1785; 
studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  practiced 
in  Schoharie  county  many  years;  member  of  the 
state  house  of  representatives  in  1816;  brigadier 
general  of  state  militia;  a  presidential  elector  in 
1824;  elected  to  the  Fifteenth  Congress  (March  4, 
1817-March  3,  1819);  district  attorney  of  Schohaire 
county  1822-1831;  presidential  elector  in  1824; 
was  again  a  member  of  the  state  house  of  representa- 
tives in  1846;  held  several  local  offices;  died  in 
Lawyersville,  Schoharie  county,  N.  Y.,  May  21, 
1868. 

Lay,  Alfred  Morrison,  a  Representative  from 
Missouri;  born  in  Lewis  county,  Mo.,  May  20,  1836; 
moved  with  his  parents  to  Boston  county  in  1842; 
attended  private  schools,  and  was  graduated  from 
Bethany  college,  Virginia,  in  1856;  studied  law  in 
Jefferson  City,  Mo.,  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar 
in  1857;  appointed  United  States  district  attorney 


for  the  western  district  of  Missouri  by  President 
Buchanan,  and  served  until  his  resignation  in 
1861;  enlisted  as  a  private  in  the  Missouri  state 
guard;  was  promoted  to  the  rank  of  major;  returned 
to  Missouri  when  the  command  disbanded;  was 
made  a  prisoner  and  confined  in  prison  in  Alton, 
111.;  exchanged  in  1862,  and  enlisted  in  the  Con- 
federate army,  and  served  to  the  close  of  the  war; 
resumed  the  practice  of  law  in  Jefferson  City,  Mo.  ; 
member  of  the  state  constitutional  convention 
of  1875;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Forty-sixth 
Congress,  and  served  from  March  4,  1879,  until 
his  death  in  Washington,  D.  C.,  December  8,  1879. 

Lay,  George  Washington,  a  Representative 
from  New  York;  born  in  Catskill,  N.  Y.,  December 
26,  1798;  pursued  classical  studies,  and  was  gradu- 
ated from  Hamilton  college,  New  York,  in  1817; 
studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  com- 
menced practice  in  Batavia,  N.  Y.;  elected  as  a 
Whig  to  the  Twenty-third  and  Twenty-fourth  Con- 
gresses (March  4,  1833-March  3,  1837);  state  repre- 
sentative in  1840;  charge^  d'affaires  to  Sweden  May 
12, 1842,  to  October  29, 1845;  died  in  Batavia,  N.Y., 
October  28,  1860. 

Lay  ton,  Fernando  Coello,  a  Representative 
from  Ohio;  born  in  Auglaize  county,  Ohio,  April  11, 
1847;  attended  the  public  schools  and  Wittenberg 
college,  Springfield,  Ohio;  studied  law,  was  ad- 
mitted to  the  bar  in  1869,  and  practiced  in  Wapa- 
koneta,  Ohio;  county  school  examiner;  prosecuting 
attorney  of  Auglaize  county  1875-1878;  elected 
as  a  Democrat  to  the  Fifty-second,  Fifty-third, 
and  Fifty-fourth  Congresses  (March  4,  1891-March 
3,  1897);  resumed  the  practice  of  law  in  Wapa- 
koneta,  Ohio;  elected  judge  of  the  court  of  common 
pleas  in  1908. 

Lazear,  Jesse,  a  Representative  from  Penn- 
sylvania; born  in  Greene  county,  Pa.,  December, 
12,  1804;  received  a  limited  schooling;  held  several 
local  offices;  bank  cashier  in  Waynesburg,  Pa., 
1835-1867;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Thirty- 
seventh  and  Thirty-eighth  Congresses  (March  4, 
1861-March  3,  1865);  delegate  in  the  National 
Union  convention  in  Philadelphia  in  1866;  died 
in  Baltimore  county,  Md.,  September  2,  1877. 

Lea,  Luke,  a  Representative  from  Tennessee; 
born  in  Surry  county,  N.  C.,  January  26,  1782; 
moved  with  parents  to  Tennessee  in  1790;  attended 
the  common  schools;  commanded  a  regiment  under 
Gen.  Jackson  in  the  Creek  and  Seminole  wars 
in  181&;  located  in  Campbells  Station,  Tenn.,  and 
held  several  minor  offices;  elected  as  a  Union 
Democrat  to  the  Twenty-third  and  Twenty-fourth 
Congresses  (March  4,  1833-March  3,  1837);  secre- 
tary of  state  of  Tennessee  1837-1839;  appointed 
by  President  Taylor  commissioner  of  Indian 
affairs  June  14,  1850,  to  take  effect  July  1,  1850; 
was  confirmed,  but  declined;  appointed  by  Presi- 
dent Fillmore  Indian  agent  at  Fort  Leavenworth, 
Kans.,  September  23,  1850,  and  served  until  hia 
death  near  Fort  Leavenworth,  Kans.,  June  17, 
1851. 

Lea,  Pryor,  a  Representative  from  Tennessee; 
born  in  Knox  county,  Tenn.,  August  31,  1794;  was 
graduated  from  Greeneville  college;  studied  law, 
was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1817,  and  commenced 
practice  in  Knoxville,  Tenn.;  served  in  the  Creek 
war  in  1813;  United  States  attorney  for  Tennessee 
in  1824 ;  elected  as  a  Jackson  Democrat  to  the  Twen- 
tieth and  Twenty-first  Congresses  (March  4,  1827- 
March  3,  1831);  defeated  for  the  Twenty-second 


800 


CONGRESSIONAL   DIRECTORY. 


Congress;  moved  to  Jackson,  Miss.,  in  1836,  and 
to  Goliad,  Tex.,  in  1846;  engaged  in  railroad  build- 
ing and  management;  member  of  the  Texas  con- 
vention of  February,  1861;  died  in  Goliad,  Tex., 
September  14,  1880. 

Leach,  De  Witt  Clinton,  a  Representative  from 
Michigan;  born  in  Clarence,  Erie  county,  N.  Y., 
November  22,  1822;  moved  with  parents  to  Genesee 
county,  Mich.,  in  early  youth;  attended  the  com- 
mon schools;  member  of  the  state  house  of  repre- 
sentatives 1849-1850;  located  in  Lansing,  Mich., 
in  1841;  editor  of  the  Michigan  State  Republican 
several  years;  delegate  in  the  constitutional  con- 
vention of  1860;  state  librarian  in  1855-1857; 
elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Thirty-fifth  and 
Thirty-sixth  Congresses  (March  4,  1857-March  3, 
1861);  Indian  agent  for  Michigan  1861-1865; 
located  in  Traverse  City,  Mich.,  in  1861  and 
published  the  Grand  Traverse  Herald  for  nine 
years;  went  to  Springfield,  Mo.,  in  1870,  where  he 
published  the  Patriot  Advertiser;  subsequently 
returned  to  Traverse  City,  Mich.,  and  published 
the  Northwest  Farmer. 

Leach,  James  Madison,  a  Representative 
from  North  Carolina;  born  in  Randolph  county, 
N.  C.,  January  17,  1815;  pursued  classical  studies; 
studied  law,  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1842,  and  prac- 
ticed; member  of  the  state  house  of  commons 
1848-1858;  presidential  elector  on  the  American 
ticket  in  1856;  elected  as  a  Whig  to  the  Thirty- 
sixth  Congress  (March  4,  1859-March  3,  1861);  re- 
elected  as  a  Conservative  to  the  Forty-second  and 
Forty-third  Congresses  (March  4,  1871-March  3, 
1875);  member  of  the  Confederate  congress  1864- 
1865;  twice  elected  state  senator;  died  in  Lexing- 
ton, N.  C.,  June  1,  1891. 

Leadbetter,  Daniel  Parkhurst,  a  Represent- 
ative from  Ohio;  born  in  Pittsfield,  Mass.,  Septem- 
ber 10, 1797;  moved  to  Ohio  in  1816;  first  located 
in  Jefferson  county,  where  he  studied  law,  and 
was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1821;  commissioned 
captain  of  militia  in  1821;  then  in  Holmes  county, 
and  was  county  recorder  1831-1836;  elected  as  a 
Van  Buren  Democrat  to  the  Twenty-fifth  and 
Twenty-sixth  Congresses  (March  4,  1837-March  3, 
1841);  member  of  the  state  constitutional  conven- 
tion of  1851;  died  in  Millersburg,  Ohio,  February 
26,  1870. 

Leake,  Eugene  Walter,  a  Representative  from 
New  Jersey;  born  in  Jersey  City,  N.  J.,  July  13, 
1877;  attended  And  over  and  the  New  York  law 
school;  was  admitted  to  practice  in  New  York  and 
New  Jersey;  elected  to  the  Sixtieth  Congress 
(March  4,  1907-March  3,  1909). 

Leake,  Shelton  Farrar,  a  Representative 
from  Virginia;  born  in  Albemarle  county,  Va., 
November  30,  1812;  completed  preparatory  stud- 
ies; taught  school;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the 
bar  in  1835,  and  commenced  practice  in  Char- 
lottesville;  state  representative  in  1842;  presiden- 
tial elector  on  the  Democratic  ticket  in  1848; 
elected  lieutenant  governor  in  1851 ;  elected  as  a 
Democrat  to  the  Twenty-ninth  Congress  (March 
4,  1845-March  3,  1847)  and  to  the  Thirty-sixth 
Congress  (March  4,  1859. March  3,  1861). 

Leake,  Walter,  a  Senator  from  Mississippi; 
born  in  Virginia  May  25,  1762;  served  in  the  Revo- 
lutionary war;  studied  law  and  was  admitted  to 
the  bar;  was  appointed  by  President  Jefferson 
one  of  the  United  States  judges  for  Mississippi 


territory  February  23,  1807,  and  moved  to  Hinds 
county,  Miss.;  elected  to  the  United  States  Senate, 
and  served  from  October  9,  1817,  until  his  resigna- 
tion in  1820;  governor  of  Mississippi  1821-1825; 
died  in  Mount  Salus,  Miss.,  November  17,  1825. 

Learned,  Amasa,  a  Representative  from  Con- 
necticut; born  in  Killingly,  Conn.,  November  15, 
1750;  was  graduated  from  Yale  college  in  1772; 
studied  theology  and  received  a  license  to  preach; 
elected  to  the  Second  and  Third  Congresses  (March 
4,  1791-March  3,  1795);  delegate  in  the  constitu- 
tional convention  of  1818,  and  a  state  representa- 
tive for  several  terms;  died  in  New  London, 
Conn.,  May  4,  1825. 

Leary,  Cornelius  Lawrence  Ludlow,  a  Rep- 
resentative from  Maryland;  born  in  Baltimore 
Md.,  October  22, 1813;  attended  public  schools,  and 
was  graduated  from  St.  Mary's  college,  Baltimore, 
in  1833;  moved  to  Louisville,  Ky.,  and  returned  to 
Baltimore  in  1837;  Whig  member  of  the  state  house 
of  representatives  1838-1839;  studied  law,  was  ad- 
mitted to  the  bar  in  1840,  and  practiced  in  Balti- 
more; presidential  elector  on  the  American  ticket 
in  1856;  elected  as  a  Unionist  to  the  Thirty-seventh 
Congress  (March  4,  1861-March  3,  1863);  resumed 
the  practice  of  law  in  Baltimore,  Md.,  and  died 
there  March  21,  1893. 

Leavenworth,  Elias  Warner,  a  Representa- 
tive from  New  York;  born  in  Caanan,  N.  Y.,  De- 
cember 20,  1803;  moved  with  parents  to  Great  Bar- 
rington,  Mass.;  attended  the  Hudson  academy,  and 
was  graduated  from  Yale  college  in  1824;  studied 
law  in  Great  Barrington,  and  in  the  Litchfield 
(Conn.)  law  school  1825-1827;  was  admitted  to  the 
bar,  and  began  practice  in  Syracuse,  N.  Y.,  in  1827; 
appointed  brigadier  general  of  militia  in  1836; 
president  of  Syracuse  village  1839-^1841  and  1846- 
1847,  and  mayor  1849-1850  and  again  in  1859-1860; 
member  of  the  state  house  of  representatives  in 
1850  and  1857;  secretary  of  the  state  of  New  York 
1854-1855;  connected  with  local  public  corpora- 
tions and  several  state  commissions;  commissioner 
for  the  United  States  under  the  convention  with 
New  Granada  in  Washington,  D.  C.,  1861-1862; 
constitutional  commissioner  in  1872;  member  of 
the  New  York  and  New  Jersey  boundary  line 
commission  in  1875;  elected  as  a  Republican  to 
the  Forty-fourth  Congress  (March  4,  1875-March  3, 
1877);  died  in  Syracuse,  N.  Y.,  November 25, 1887. 

Leavitt,  Humphrey  Howe,  a  Representative 
from  Ohio;  born  in  Suffield,  Conn.,  June  18,  1796; 
moved  with  parents  to  the  Northwest  territory 
in  1800,  and  located  in  what  became  Trumbull 
county,  Ohio;  completed  preparatory  studies; 
studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1817,  and 
commenced  practice  in  Cadiz,  but  soon  removed  to 
Steubenville;  state  representative  1825-1826;  state 
senator  1827-1828;  elected  as  a  Jackson  Democrat 
to  the  Twenty-first  Congress,  to  fill  vacancy  caused 
by  the  resignation  of  John  M.  Goodenow;  reelected 
to  the  Twenty-second  and  Twenty-third  Congresses 
and  served  from  December  6,  1830,  until  July  10, 
1834,  when  he  resigned;  appointed  by  President 
Jackson  United  States  district  judge  for  Ohio  June 
28,  1834,  and  served  until  March  31,  1871,  when  he 
resigned;  located  in  Cincinnati,  Ohio,  in  1855, 
when  the  state  was  divided  into  two  Federal  dis- 
tricts; returned  to  Springfield  in  1871;  was  a  mem- 
ber of  the  world's  convention  on  prison  reform  in 
London  in  1872;  died  in  Springfield,  Ohio,  March 
15,  1873. 


BIOGRAPHIES. 


801 


Le  Blond,  Francis  Celeste,  a  Representative 
from  Ohio;  was  born  in  Bellville,  Ohio,  February 
]4,  1821;  pursued  an  academic  course;  studied  law, 
was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced  practice 
in  Celina,  Ohio;  state  representative  1851-1855; 
speaker  of  the  house  1854-1855;  elected  as  a  Demo- 
crat to  the  Thirty-eighth  and  Thirty-ninth  Con- 
gresses (March  4,  1863-March  3,  1867);  died  in 
Celina,  Ohio,  November  9,  1902. 

Lecompte,  Joseph,  a  Representative  from 
Kentucky;  was  a  native  of  Woodford  county,  Ky.; 
located  in  New  Castle;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the 
Nineteenth,  Twentieth,  Twenty-first,  and  Twenty- 
second  Congresses  (March  4,  1825-March  3,  1833). 

Lee,  Arthur,  a  Delegate  from  Virginia;  born  in 
Stratford,  Va.,  December  20,  1740;  attended  Eton 
college,  England;  studied  medicine  in  the  Uni- 
versity of  Edinburgh,  Scotland,  and  was  graduated 
in  1765;  after  traveling  in  Europe  commenced 
practice  in  Williamsburg,  Va. ;  went  to  London  in 
1776,  and  studied  law  in  Temple  Bar  1776-1780; 
was  admitted,  and  practiced  in  London  1770-1776; 
commissioned  as  Massachusetts  'a  agent  in  Eng- 
land and  France;  appointed  correspondent  of 
Congress  in  London  in  1775;  commissioner  to 
France  1776  and  to  Spain  1777;  returned  to  Vir- 
ginia in  1780;  state  representative  in  1781;  delegate 
in  the  Continental  Congress  1781-1784;  member 
of  the  Treasury  board  1785-1789;  died  in  Urbana, 
Middlesex  county,  Va.,  December  12,  1792. 

Lee,  Francis  laghtfoot,  a  Delegate  from  Vir- 
ginia; born  in  Stratford,  Va.,  October  14,  1734; 
pursued  classical  studies;  member  of  the  house  of 
burgesses  1765-1772;  signed  the  Westmoreland 
declaration  against  the  stamp  act;  Delegate  in  the 
Continental  Congress  1775-1780;  a  signer  of  the 
Declaration  of  Independence;  member  of  the  state 
senate;  died  in  Richmond  county,  Va.,  April  3, 
1797. 

Lee,  Gideon,  a  Representative  from  New  York; 
born  in  Amherst,  Mass.,  April  27,  1778;  attended 
the  common  schools;  learned  the  trade  of  shoe- 
maker, and  engaged  in  business  in  Worthington, 
Mass.;  moved  to  New  York  City  in  1807,  and 
engaged  in  the  leather  business;  state  representa- 
tive in  1822;  alderman  in  1828,  1829,  and  1830; 
mayor  in  1833;  elected  as  a  Jackson  Democrat  to 
the  Twenty-fourth  Congress  (March  4,  1835-March 
3,  1837);  a  presidential  elector;  died  in  Geneva, 
N.  Y.,  August  21,  1841. 

Lee,  Gordon,  a  Representative  from  Georgia; 
born  near  Ringgold,  Catoosa  county,  Ga.,  May 
29,  1859;  attended  country  schools,  and  was  grad- 
uated from  Emery  college,  Oxford,  Ga.,  in  1880; 
became  a  farmer,  and  also  engaged  in  manufac- 
turing in  Chickamauga,  Ga.;  member  of  the  state 
house  of  representatives  1894-1895;  member  of 
the  state  senate  1902-1904;  member  of  the  state 
memorial  board;  elected  to  the  Fifty-ninth,  Six- 
tieth, and  Sixty-first  Congresses  (March  4,  1905- 
March  3,  1911);  member  of  the  National  Forest 
Reservation  commission,  created  by  the  act  of 
March  1,  1911.  Reelected  to  the  Sixty-second  Con- 
gress. 

Lee,  Henry,  a  Delegate  and  a  Representative 
from  Virginia;  born  in  Prince  William  county, 
Va.,  January  29,  1756;  pursued  classical  studies, 
and  was  graduated  from  Princeton  college  in  1773; 
served  in  the  Revolutionary  war;  commissioned 
captain  of  a  company  of  Virginia  dragoons  June 

50346°— S.  Doc.  654,  61-2 51 


18,  1776,  that  became  attached  to  and  part  of  the 
first  Continental  dragoons  March  31,  1777;  by  a 
special  act  of  Congress,  April  7,  1778,  in  recogni- 
tion of  his  brave  and  distinguished  services,  was 
promoted  to  a  major  commandant  and  authorized 
to  augment  his  corps  by  the  enlistment  of  two 
troops  of  horse;  by  the  act  of  September  24,  1799, 
was  given  the  thanks  of  Congress  "for  remarkable 
prudence,  address,  and  bravery  displayed  in  the 
attack  on  the  enemy's  fort  and  work  at  Powles's 
Hook,"  and  in  terms  approved  his  humanity  and 
granted  him  a  gold  medal;  his  battalion  was  desig- 
nated "Lee's  partisan  corps"  by  act  of  October 
21,   1780;  lieutenant  colonel  November  6,   1780, 
and  served  until  the  close  of  the  war;  commis- 
sioned major  general  United   States  army  July 

19,  1798;   honorably   discharged  June   15,    1800; 
became    universally    known    as    "Light    Horse 
Harry";    Delegate   in   the   Continental   Congress 
1785-1788;  advocated  the  adoption  of  the  Federal 
constitution  in  the  Virginia  convention  of  1788; 
governor    1792-1795;    commanded    the    Virginia 
forces  in  the  whisky  insurrection;    elected  as  a 
Federalist  to  the  Sixth  Congress  (March  4,  1799- 
March  3,  1801);  at  request  of  Congress  pronounced 
the   eulogy   upon   President   Washington   before 
both  branches  of  Congress,  in  which  Washington 
is  characterized  as  the  man  "first  in  war,  first  in 
peace,  and  first  in  the  hearts  of  his  countrymen  " ; 
died  in  Cumberland  Island,  Georgia,  March  25, 
1818. 

Lee,  John,  a  Representative  from  Maryland; 
born  at  "Blenheim,  the  family  estate  in  Mary- 
land, January  30,  1788;  prusued  classical  studies 
under  private  tutors;  held  several  local  offices; 
was  elected  as  a  Federalist  to  the  Eighteenth 
Congress  (March  4,  1823-March  3,  1825);  was 
chairman  of  the  House  committee  appointed  to 
escort  the  Marquis  de  Lafayette  from  Frederick 
City  to  Washington  in  1825;  followed  closely  the 
political  fortunes  of  Henry  Clay  after  his  con- 
gressional service;  moved  to  Washington,  D.  C., 
died  in  the  home  of  his  son,  Dr.  Lee,  in  New 
York  City,  May  17,  1871. 

Lee,  Joshua,  a  Representative  from  New  York; 
born  in  Penn  Yan,  N.  Y.;  state  representative  in 
1833;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Twenty -fourth 
Congress  (March  4,  1835-March  3,  1837). 

Lee,  M.  Lindley,  a  Representative  from  New 
York;  born  in  Minisink,  N.  Y.,  May  29,  1805;  pur- 
sued classical  studies,  and  was  graduated  from 
Union  college  in  1827,  and  from  the  College  of 
Physicians  and  Surgeons  of  western  New  York 
in  1830;  practiced  medicine  in  Fulton,  N.  Y.; 
postmaster  1840-1844;  member  of  the  state  house 
of  representatives  in  1847  and  1848;  served  in  the 
state  senate  in  1855;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the 
Thirty-sixth  Congress  (March  4,  1859-March  3, 
1861);  resumed  the  practice  of  medicine  in  Fulton, 
N.  Y. 

Lee,  Richard  Bland,  a  Representative  from 
Virginia;  born  in  Leesylvania,  Va.,  January  20, 
1761;  pursued  English  and  classical  studies  in 
private  schools;  member  of  the  Virginia  assembly 
in  1784,  and  for  several  terms  thereafter;  elected 
to  the  First,  Second,  and  Third  Congresses  (March 
4,  1789-March  3,  1795);  died  in  Leesylvania,  Va., 
March  12,  1827. 

Lee,  Richard  Henry,  a  Delegate  and  a  Senator 
from  Virginia;  born  in  Stratford,  Va.,  January  20, 
1732;  after  a  course  of  private  instruction  attended 


802 


CONGRESSIONAL   DIRECTORY. 


Wakefield  academy,  England;  returned  in  1751; 
justice  of  the  peace  for  Westmoreland  county  in 
1757;  delegate  in  the  house  of  burgesses  1761-1788; 
Delegate  in  the  Continental  Congress  1774-1780, 
and  served  as  President  in  1784;  a  signer  of  the 
Declaration  of  Independence;  brought  forward  the 
resolution,  in  accord  with  instructions  given  in 
the  Virginia  convention  of  May  17,  1776,  declar- 
ing "that  these  united  colonies  are,  and  of  right 
ought  to  be,  free  and  independent  states,"  etc.; 
served  in  the  state  legislature;  colonel  of  militia; 
again  a  Delegate  in  the  Continental  Congress  in 
1787;  member  of  the  Virginia  convention  of  1788; 
elected  to  the  United  States  Senate  and  served 
from  March  4,  1789,  until  his  resignation  in  1792; 
died  in  Chantilly,  Va.  June,  19,  1794. 

Lee,  Silas,  a  Representative  from  Massachu- 
setts; born  in  Concord,  Mass.,  July  3,  1760;  pur- 
sued classical  studies,  and  was  graduated  from 
Harvard  college  in  1784;  studied  law  and  was  ad- 
mitted to  the  bar;  state  representative  in  1793, 
1797,  and  1798;  elected  as  a  Federalist  to  the  Sixth 
and  Seventh  Congresses,  and  served  from  March 
4,  1799,  until  August  20,  1801,  when  he  resigned; 
appointed  by  President  Jefferson  United  States 
attorney  for  the  district  of  Maine  January  6,  1802, 
and  served  until  his  death;  justice  of  the  peace 
and  of  the  quorum  in  1803;  probate  judge  1805- 
1814;  chief  judge  of  the  common  pleas  court  in 
1810;  died  in  Wiscasset,  Me.,  March  1,  1814. 

Lee,  Thomas,  a  Representative  from  New  Jer- 
sey; born  in  Philadelphia,  Pa.,  November  28, 
1780;  resided  with  parents  in  Chester  valley,  Pa., 
during  his  earlier  years,  and  attended  the  common 
schools;  removed  to  Port  Elizabeth,  Cumberland 
county,  N.  J.,  about  1800,  and  became  a  merchant, 
shipbuilder,  and  landowner;  judge  of  the  court 
of  common  pleas  1813-1815;  member  of  the  state 
general  assembly  1814-1815;  postmaster  of  Port 
Elizabeth  1818-1833,  and  1846-1849;  elected  as  a 
Democrat  to  the  Twenty-third  and  Twenty-fourth 
Congresses  (March  4,  1833-March  3,  1837);  founder 
of  Port  Elizabeth  library  and  academy;  died  in 
Port  Elizabeth,  N.  J.,  November  2,  1856. 

Lee,  Thomas  Sim,  a  Delegate  from  Maryland; 
born  in  Prince  George's  county,  Md.,  October 
29,  1744;  completed  preparatory  studies;  held 
several  local  offices;  member  of  the  executive 
council  in  1777;  governor  1779-1783  and  1792- 
1794;  Delegate  in  the  Continental  Congress  1783- 
1784,  and  in  the  state  convention  for  the  ratifica- 
tion of  the  Federal  constitution  in  1788;  elected 
to  the  United  States  Senate  in  1794,  but  declined; 
died  in  Needwood,  Frederick  county,  Md.,  No- 
vember 9,  1819. 

Lee,  William  Henry  Fitzhugh,  a  Represent- 
ative from  Virginia;  born  in  the  "Lee  mansion," 
Arlington  (now  National  cemetery),  Va.,  May 
31,  1837;  in  1857  entered  Harvard  college,  but 
left  in  1857;  appointed  second  lieutenant  in  the 
sixth  regiment  United  States  infantry,  and  ac- 
companied his  regiment  in  1858  in  the  expedition 
to  Utah;  resigned  in  1859;  returned  to  Virginia 
and  took  charge  of  his  estates  in  the  county  of 
New  Kent;  in  1861  raised  a  company  of  cavalry 
and  joined  the  Confederate  service,  and  was  pro- 
moted successively  from  captain  to  major  general 
of  cavalry;  wounded  at  Brandy  Station  in  June, 
1863;  captured  in  Hanover  county  and  taken  to 
Fortress  Monroe;  transferred  to  United  States 
prison  at  Fort  Lafayette  in  1863,  where  he  was 
confined  until  March,  1864,  when  he  was  trans- 


ferred to  Fortress  Monroe  and  exchanged ;  returned 
to  his  command  and  served  throughout  the  cam- 
paign of  1864,  until  the  surrender  at  Appomattox; 
returned  to  his  plantation;  member  of  the  state 
senate  for  one  term;  removed  to  Burke  Station, 
Va.;  president  of  the  state  agricultural  society; 
engaged  in  agricultural  pursuits;  elected  as  a 
Democrat  to  the  Fiftieth  and  Fifty-first  Congresses 
(March  4,  1887-March  3,  1891);  died  in  Ravens- 
worth,  Va.,  October  15,  1891. 

Leedom,  John  Peter,  a  Representative  from 
Ohio;  born  in  Adams  county,  Ohio,  December  20, 
1847;  attended  the  common  schools,  and  was  gradu- 
ated from  Smith's  mercantile  college  in  1868;  taught 
public  school;  engaged  in  farming;  elected  clerk 
of  the  court  of  common  pleas  of  Adams  county  in 
1874  and  reelected  in  1877.;  member  of  the  Demo- 
cratic state  central  committee  in  1879;  elected  as 
a  Democrat  to  the  Forty-seventh  Congress  (March 
4,  1881-March  3,  1883);  sergeant-at-arms  of  the 
House  of  Representatives  1884-1886;  died  in 
Toledo,  Ohio,  March  18,  1895. 

Leet,  Isaac,  a  Representative  from  Pennsyl- 
vania; born  in  Washington,  Pa.,  in  1802;  pursued 
preparatory  studies,  and  was  graduated  from 
Washington  and  Jefferson  college  in  1822;  treas- 
urer of  Washington  county  1826-1830;  deputy 
attorney  general  1830-1834;  member  of  the  state 
senate  1834-1838;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the 
Twenty-sixth  Congress  (March  4,  1839-March  3, 
1841);  defeated  for  the  Twenty-seventh  Congress; 
died  in  Washington,  Pa.,  June  11,  1844. 

Le  Fever,  Jacob,  a  Representative  from  New 
York;  born  in  New  Paltz,  N.  Y.,  April  20,  1830; 
attended  New  Paltz  academy  and  Amenia  semi- 
nary; supervisor  of  the  town  1861-1862;  member 
of  the  state  assembly  1863,  1864,  1865,  and  1867; 
delegate  in  Republican  state  conventions;  dele- 
gate in  the  Republican  national  convention  of 
1888;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Fifty- third 
and  Fifty-fourth  Congresses  (March  4,  1893-March 

3,  1897);  died  in  New  Paltz,  N.  Y.,  February  4, 
1905. 

Le  Fever,  Joseph,  a  Representative  from  Penn- 
sylvania; elected  to  the  Twelfth  Congress  (March 

4,  1811-March  3,  1813). 

Le  Fevre,  Benjamin,  a  Representative  from 
Ohio;  born  in  Maplewood,  Shelby  county,  Ohio, 
October  8,  1838;  attended  Miami  university  1858- 
1859;  studied  law  in  Sidney,  Ohio;  enlisted  in  the 
Union  army  in  1861  and  served  until  the  close  of 
the  war;  mustered  out  as  major  of  the  fiftieth 
Ohio  infantry;  elected  to  the  state  legislature  in 
1865;  nominated  in  1866  for  secretary  of  state  by 
the  Democrats  of  Ohio;  appointed  by  President 
Johnson  United  States  consul  at  Nuremberg, 
Germany,  April  19,  1867;  elected  as  a  Democrat 
to  the  Forty-sixth,  Forty-seventh,  Forty-eighth, 
and  Forty-ninth  Congresses  (March  4,  1879-March 
3,  1887);  retired,  and  a  resident  of  Maplewood, 
Shelby  county,  Ohio. 

Le  Fevre,  Frank  Jacob,  a  Representative  from 
New  York;  born  in  New  Paltz,  Ulster  county, 
N.  Y.,  November  30,  1874;  attended  the  public 
schools,  and  the  New  Paltz  normal  school;  engaged 
in  the  banking  business;  state  senator  in  1902; 
appointed  superintendent  of  the  New  York  state 
building  at  St.  Louis  during  the  fair  of  the  Louisi- 
ana purchase  exposition;  elected  to  the  Fifty- 
ninth  Congress  (March  4,  1905-March  3,  1907);  a 


BIOGKAPHIES. 


803 


resident  of  New  Paltz,   N.  Y.,  and  en| 
banking. 

Lefferts,  John,  a  Representative  from  New 
York;  born  in  Brooklyn,  N.  Y.,  December  17, 
1785;  attended  the  public  schools;  elected  as  a 
Democrat  to  the  Thirteenth  Congress  (March  4, 
1813-March  3,  1815);  delegate  in  the  constitutional 
convention  of  1821;  member  of  the  state  senate 
1820-1825;  died  in  Brooklyn,  N.  Y.,  September  18, 
1829. 

Leffler,  Isaac,  a  Representative  from  Virginia; 
born  in  Washington  county,  Pa.,  November  7, 1788; 
attended  public  schools,  and  was  graduated  from 
Jefferson  college,  Pa. ;  studied  law,  was  admittedto 
the  bar,  and  began  practice  in  Wheeling,  Va.  (now 
West  Virginia);  state  representative  1817-1825; 
elected  to  the  Twentieth  Congress  as  a  Representa- 
tive from  Virginia  (March  4,  1827-March  3,  1829); 
moved  to  that  portion  of  Michigan  territory  that  is 
now  Des  Moines  county,  Iowa,  in  1835;  after  the 
creation  of  Wisconsin  territory,  April  20,  1836, 
represented  Des  Moines  county  in  the  first  legisla- 
ture of  the  new  territory  1836^-1837;  admitted  to 
the  Des  Mpines  county  bar  April  15,  1835,  and  prac- 
ticed; chief  justice  of  the  first  judicial  tribunal  of 
Des  Moines  county  April  11,  1836;  member  of  the 
house  of  representatives  of  the  Territory  of  Iowa  in 
1841;  appointed  by  President  Tyler  United  States 
marshal  for  the  district  of  Iowa  December  18,  1843, 
confirmed  January  16,  1844,  and  removed  by  Presi- 
dent Polk  December  29,  1845;  appointed  by  Presi- 
dent Fillmore  receiver  of  public  moneys  for  the 
Chariton,  Iowa,  land  district  August  30,  1852,  and 
removed  by  President  Pierce  March  29,  1853. 

Leffler,  Shepherd,  a  Representative  from  Iowa; 
native  of  Pennsylvania;  pursued  an  academic 
course;  studied  law  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar; 
moved  to  Burlington,  Iowa:  engaged  in  agri- 
cultural pursuits;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the 
Twenty-ninth,  Thirtieth,  and  Thirty-first  Con- 
gresses (March  4,  1847-March  3,  1851);  defeated  as 
a  Democrat  for  governor  in  1875. 

Leftwich.,  Jabez,  a  Representative  from  Vir- 
ginia; born  in  Caroline  county,  Va.,  in  1766;  moved 
with  parents  to  Bedford  county  in  1770;  attended 
the  common  schools;  inspector  general  with  the 
rank  of  colonel  on  the  staff  of  his  brother,  Gen.  Joel 
Leftwich,  in  the  Revolution;  represented  Bedford 
county  in  the  state  legislature  1812-1821;  elected 
to  the  Seventeenth  and  Eighteenth  Congresses 
(March  4,  1821-March  3,  1825);  defeated  for  the 
Nineteenth  Congress;  removed  to  Madison  county, 
Ala.,  in  1825;  member  of  the  Alabama  legislature; 
died  near  Huntsville,  Ala.,  June  22,  1855. 

Leftwich,  John  William,  a  Representative  from 
Tennessee;  born  in  Liberty,  Bedford  county,  Va., 
September  7,  1826;  attended  the  public  schools; 
studied  medicine,  and  was  graduated  from  the  Phil- 
adelphia medical  college  in  1850;  moved  to  Mem- 
phis, Tenn.,  and  engaged  in  mercantile  pursuits; 
elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Thirty-ninth  Congress, 
following  the  readmission  of  Tennessee  into  the 
Union,  and  served  from  July  24,  1866,  to  March  3, 
1867;  delegate  in  the  Democratic  national  conven- 
tion of  1868;  was  reelected  to  the  Forty-second 
Congress,  but  died  while  on  his  way  to  Washington, 
in  Lynchburg,  Va.,  March  6,  1871. 

Legarda,  Benito,  Resident  Commissioner  from 
Philippine  Islands;  born  in  Manila,  P.  I.,  Septem- 
ber 27,  1853;  attended  the  Jesuits'  college  and  St. 


Thomas  university  of  Manila;  member  of  Agui- 
naldo's  cabinet  at  Malolos  and  vice  president  of  the 
Filipino  congress;  resigned  these  positions  to  return 
to  Manila  in  December,  1898;  cooperated  in  the 
establishment  of  peace  during  and  after  the  war  be- 
tween the  Filipinos  and  Americans;  was  appointed 
by  President  McKinley  a  member  of  the  Philippine 
commission  February  1,  1901;  elected  by  the  Phil- 
ippine legislature  a  commissioner  to  the  Sixtieth 
and  Sixty-first  Congresses  (March  4,  1907-March  3, 
1911.  Reelected  to  the  Sixty-second  Congress. 

Legare,  George  Swinton,  a  Representative 
from  South  Carolina;  born  in  Rockville,  Charles- 
ton (formerly  Berekeley)  county,  in  1870;  was  grad- 
uated from  the  Porter  academy;  Charleston,  in  1889; 
attended  the  University  of  South  Carolina  for  two 
years,  and  was  graduated  from  Georgetown  univer- 
sity law  school,  Washington,  D.  C.,  in  1893;  com- 
menced practice  in  Charleston,  S.  C.;  elected  cor- 
poration counsel  in  1898,  and  reelected  for  four 
consecutive  years,  and  served  until  his  resignation; 
elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Fifty-eighth,  Fifty- 
ninth,  Sixtieth,  and  Sixty-first  Congresses  (March 
4,  1903-March  3,  1911).  Reelected  to  the  Sixty-sec- 
ond Congress. 

Legare,  Hugh  Swinton,  a  Representative  from 
South  Carolina;  born  in  Charleston,  S.  C.,  January 
2,  1789;  was  graduated  from  the  college  of  South 
Carolina  in  1814;  studied  law  1814-1816;  was 
admitted  to  the  bar  in  Charleston,  S.  C.,  in  1822; 
state  representative  1820-1822  and  1824-1830; 
attorney  general  of  South  Carolina  1830-1832;  be- 
came editor  of  the  Southern  Review;  charge  d'af- 
faires to  Brussels  1832-1836;  elected  as  a  Union 
Democrat  to  the  Twenty-fifth  Congress  (March  4, 
1837-March  3, 1839);  defeated  for  the  Twenty-sixth 
Congress;  returned  to  law  practice  in  Charleston; 
Attorney  General  of  the  United  States  in  President 
Tyler's  cabinet  from  September  13,  1841,  until  his 
death;  also  filled  the  office  of  Secretary  of  State, 
ad  interim,  from  May  9,  1843,  to  the  time  of  his 
death  in  Boston,  Mass.,  June  20,  1843. 

Lehlbach,  Herman,  a  Representative  from 
New  Jersey;  born  in  Baden,  Germany,  July  3, 
1845;  pursued  an  academic  course  and  became  a 
civil  engineer;  came  with  parents  to  the  United 
States  and  located  in  Newark,  N .  J. ;  member  of  the 
house  of  assembly  of  New  Jersey  in  1884 ;  elected  as 
a  Republican  to  the  Forty-ninth,  Fiftieth,  and 
Fifty-first  Congresses  (March  4, 1885-March  3, 1891); 
died  in  Newark,  N.  J.,  January  11,  1904. 

Lehman,  William  Eckart,  a  Representative 
from  Pennsylvania;  born  in  Philadelphia,  Pa., 
August  21, 1821;  was  graduated  from  the  University 
of  Pennsylvania  in  1841 ;  studied  law  and  was  admit- 
ted to  the  bar;  appointed  post-office  examiner  for 
Pennsylvania  and  New  York  by  President  Polk; 
elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Thirty-seventh  Con- 
gress (March  4,  1861-March  3,  1863);  United  States 
provost  marshal  1863-1865;  died  in  Atlantic  City, 
N.  J.,  July  10,  1895. 

Leib,  Michael,  a  Representative  and  a  Senator 
from  Pennsylvania;  born  in  Philadelphia,  Pa., 
January  8,  1760;  attended  the  common  schools; 
studied  medicine  in  the  University  of  Pennsylva- 
nia, and  practiced  in  Philadelphia;  served  during 
the  Revolutionary  war  as  surgeon  of  Eyre's  battal- 
ion of  Philadelphia  militia;  state  representative; 
elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Sixth,  Seventh, 
Eighth,  and  Ninth  Congresses,  and  served  from 
March  4,  1799,  until  February  14,  1806,  when  he 


804 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 


resigned;  member  of  the  committee  of  correspond- 
ence on  the  Chesapeake  affair,  July  1,  1807;  presi- 
dential elector  on  the  Democratic  ticket  in  1808; 
elected  to  the  United  States  Senate,  to  fill  vacancy 
caused  by  the  resignation  of  Samuel  Maclay,  and 
served  from  December  13,  1808,  to  February  14, 
1814,  when  he  resigned ;  postmaster  of  Philadelphia 
1817-1822;  died  in  Philadelphia,  Pa.,  December 
28,  1822. 

Leib,  Owen  D.,  a  Representative  from  Penn- 
sylvania; native  of  that  state;  pursued  classical 
studies;  studied  medicine,  and  commenced  prac- 
tice in  Catawissa,  Pa. ;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the 
Twenty-ninth  Congress  (March  4,  1845-March  3, 
1847);  died  in  Catawissa,  Pa.,  June  17,  1848. 

Leidy,  Paul,  a  Representative  from  Pennsylva- 
nia; born  in  Hemlock  township,  Columbia  county, 
Pa.,  November  13,  1813;  attended  the  common 
schools;  tailor's  apprentice;  taught  school;  studied 
law  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar;  commenced  prac- 
tice in  Danville,  Pa.;  district  attorney  for  five 
years;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Thirty-fifth 
Congress  (March  4,  1857-March  3,  1859);  died  in 
Danville,  Pa.,  September  11,  1877. 

Leigh,  Benjamin  Watkins,  a  Senator  from  Vir- 
ginia; born  in  Chesterfield  county,  Va.,  June  18, 
1781 ;  was  graduated  from  William  and  Mary  college 
in  1802;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and 
commenced  practice  in  Petersburg,  Va. ;  moved  to 
Richmond,  Va.,  in  1813;  state  representative  for 
several  terms,  and  prepared  the  revised  code  of 
1819;  delegate  in  the  state  constitutional  conven- 
tion of  1829-1830;  official  reporter  of  the  state  court 
of  appeals  1829-1841 ;  elected  as  Whig  to  the  United 
States  Senate,  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  the  resig- 
nation of  William  C.  Rives;  reelected,  and  served 
from  February  26,  1834,  to  July  4,  1836,  when  he 
resigned;  died  in  Richmond,  Va.,  February  2, 
1849. 

Leighty,  Jacob  D.,  a  Representative  from  Indi- 
ana; born  in  Westmoreland  county,  Pa.,  October 
15, 1839;  moved  with  his  parents  to  Dekalb  county, 
Ind.,  in  1844;  attended  the  common  schoooL  and 
Wittenberg  college,  Springfield,  Ohio;  enlisted  in 
the  Union  army  in  July,  1861,  as  a  member  of  com- 
pany E,  eleventh  Indiana  volunteer  infantry;  pro- 
moted to  second  lieutenant  and  to  first  lieutenant; 
severely  wounded  at  Champion  Hills,  Miss.,  May 
16,  1863;  resigned  in  1864;  engaged  in  general  mer- 
chandising and  in  manufacturing  enterprises  in  St. 
Joseph,  Ind.;  elected  to  the  Indiana  house  of  rep- 
resentatives in  1886;  elected  as  a  Republican  to 
the  Fifty-fourth  Congress  (March  4,  1895-March  3, 
1897);  United  States  pension  agent  at  Indianapolis 
1897-1901;  a  banker  and  horticulturist  of  St. 
Joseph,  Ind. 

Leiper,  George  Gray,  a  Representative  from 
Pennsylvania;  born  in  Delaware  county,  Pa.,  Feb- 
ruary 3,  1786;  attended  the  common  schools,  and 
was  graduated  from  the  University  of  Pennsylvania 
in  1803;  engaged  in  stone  quarrying;  elected  as  a 
Jackson  Democrat  to  the  Twenty-first  Congress 
(March  4,  1829-March  3,  1831);  for  several  years 
associate  judge  of  the  courts  of  Delaware  county; 
died  in '  'Leipidia,"  Leiperville,  Pa.,  November  17, 
1868. 

Leisenring,  John,  a  Representative  from  Penn- 
sylvania; born  in  Ashton  (now  Lansford),  Carbon 
county,  Pa.,  June  3,  1853;  attended  Schwartz's 
academy,  Bethlehem,  Pa.,  and  academies  in  Mer- 


chantville  and  Princeton,  N.  J. ;  became  a  civil  and 
mining  engineer;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the 
Fifty-fourth  Congress  (March  4,  1895-March  3, 
1897;  died  in  Philadelphia,  Pa.,  January  19,  1901. 

Leiter,  Benjamin  Franklin,  a  Representative 
from  Ohio;  born  in  Leitersburg,  Md.,  October  13, 
1813;  received  a  limited  schooling;  taught  school 
in  Maryland  1830-1834;  moved  to  Ohio,  and  taught 
school  1834-1042;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the 
bar  in  1842,  and  commenced  practice  in  Canton, 
Ohio;  justice  of  the  peace;  mayor  for  ten  years; 
state  representative  1848  and  speaker  of  the  house 
1849 ;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Thirty-fourth 
and  Thirty-fifth  Congresses  (March  4,  1855-March 

3,  1859);  died  in  Canton,  Ohio,  June  17,  1866. 

Lie  Moyne,  John  Valcoulpn,  a  Representative 
from  Illinois;  born  in  Washington  county,  Pa., 
November  17,  1828;  was  graduated  from  Washing- 
ton college  in  1847;  studied  law,  and  was  admitted 
to  the  bar  in  Pittsburgh,  Pa.,  in  1852;  moved  to 
Chicago  .the  same  year;  defeated  as  a  Liberal  can- 
didate for  the  Forty-third  Congress;  elected  as  a 
Democrat  to  the  Forty-fourth  Congress  (March  4, 
1875-March  3,  1877);  defeated  for  the  Forty-fifth 
Congress;  a  retired  resident  of  Melvale,  Baltimore 
county,  Md. 

Lenahan,  John  T.,  a  Representative  from 
Pennsylvania;  born  in  the  township  of  Jenkins, 
Luzerne  county,  Pa.,  November  15,  1852;  was 
graduated  from  Villanova  college  in  1870;  studied 
law  in  Wilkes-Barre;  delegate  in  the  Democratic 
national  conventions  of  1892  and  1896 ;  elected  as  a 
Democrat  to  the  Sixtieth  Congress  (March  4,  1907- 
March  3,  190J9);  resumed  the  practice  of  law  in 
Wilkes-Barre,  Pa. 

Lenroot,  Irvine  Luther,  a  Representative 
from  Wisconsin;  born  in  Superior,  Wis.,  January  31, 
1869;  received  a  common-school  training;  became 
a  court  reporter;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the 
bar  in  1897,  and  practiced  in  Superior;  elected  to 
the  Wisconsin  legislature  in  1900,  1902,  and  1904; 
speaker  of  the  assembly  in  1903  and  1905;  elected 
as  a  Republican  to  the  Sixty-first  Congress  (March 

4,  1909-March    3,   1911).    Reelected  to  the  Sixty- 
second  Congress. 

Lent,  James  W.,  a  Representative  from  New 
York;  born  in  Newton,  N.  Y.,  in  1772;  merchant  of 
New  York  City;  first  judge  of  Queens  county  and 
served  from  February  5,  1823,  to  March  4,  1829; 
elected  as  a  Jackson  Democrat  to  the  Twenty-first 
and  Twenty-second  Congresses,  and  served  from 
March4, 1829,  until  his  death,  in  Washington,  D.  C., 
February  22,  1833;  interment  in  Congressional 
cemetery. 

Lentz,  John  Jacob,  a  Representative  from 
Ohio;  born  near  St.  Clairsville,  Belmont  county, 
Ohio,  January  27,  1856;  attended  common  school 
and  the  St.  Clairsville  high  school;  taught  school 
for  four  years,  and  was  graduated  from  the  National 
normal  university,  Lebanon,  Ohio,  in  1877;  at- 
tended the  University  of  Wooster  1877-1878,  and 
was  graduated  from  the  University  of  Michigan  in 
1882,  and  from  the  law  department  of  Columbia 
college,  New  York  City,  in  1883;  admitted  to  the 
bar  in  Columbus,  Ohio,  in  October,  1883;  trustee 
of  Ohio  university;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the 
Fifty-fifth  and  Fifty-sixth  Congresses  (March  4, 
1897-March  3,  1901);  defeated  for  the  Fifty-seventh 
Congress;  resumed  the  practice  of  law  in  Columbus, 
Ohio. 


BIOGKAPHIES. 


805 


Leonard,  Fred  C.,  a  Representative  from  Penn- 
sylvania; born  in  Elmer,  Potter  county,  Pa.,  Feb- 
ruary 16,  1856;  attended  the  public  schools,  the 
State  normal  school  at  Mansfield,  Pa.,  Williston 
seminary,  Easthampton,  Mass.,  and  was  graduated 
from  Yale  college  in  1883;  studied  law  in  Wells- 
boro,  Pa.,  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1885; 
moved  to  Elmira,  N.  Y.,  and  then  to  Coudersport, 
Pa.,  in  1887,  and  practiced  law;  elected  as  a  Repub- 
lican to  the  Fifty-fourth  Congress  (March  4,  1895- 
March  3, 1897);  resumed  the  practice  of  law  in  Cou- 
dersport, Pa. 

Leonard,  George,  a  Representative  from  Mas- 
sachusetts; born  in  Norton,  Mass.,  July  4,  1729; 
was  graduated  from  Harvard  college  in  1748;  reg- 
ister of  probate  1749-1783;  studied  law,  was  ad- 
mitted to  the  bar  in  1750,  and  commenced  practice; 
member  of  the  provincial  assembly  1764-1766; 
executive  councilor  1770-1775;  judge  of  the  probate 
court  1784-1790;  elected  to  the  First  Congress 
(March  4,  1789-March  3,  1791);  reelected  to  the 
Fourth  Congress  (March  4,  1795-March  3,  1797); 
judge  of  the  common  pleas  court  1785-1798,  and 
chief  justice  1798-1804;  state  senator  1792-1793, 
and  state  representative  1801-1802;  died  in  Rayn- 
ham,  Mass.,  July  26,  1819. 

Leonard,  John  Edwards,  a  Representative 
from  Louisiana;  born  in  Chester  county,  Pa.,  Sep- 
tember 22,  1845;  was  graduated  from  Phillips 
Exeter  academy,  and  from  Harvard  college  in  1867; 
studied  law  in  Germany;  commenced  practice  in 
Louisiana;  district  attorney;  judge  of  the  state 
supreme  court;  resumed  the  practice  of  law  in 
Monon,  La.;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Forty- 
fifth  Congress  and  served  from  March  4, 1877,  until 
his  death  in  Habana,  Cuba,  March  15,  1878. 

Leonard,  Moses  Gage,  a  Representative  from 
New  York;  born  in  Stafford,  Conn.,  July  10,  1809; 
attended  the  public  schools;  moved  to  New  York 
City;  city  alderman  in  1840,  1841,  and  1842; 
elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Twenty-eighth  Con- 
gress (March  4,  1843-March  3,  1845);  defeated  for 
the  Twenty-ninth  Congress;  commissioner  of  immi- 
gration at  the  port  of  New  York;  died  in  Brooklyn, 
N.  Y.,  March  20,  1899. 

Leonard,  Stephen  Banks,  a  Representative 
from  New  York;  born  in  New  York  City  April  15, 
1793;  attended  the  public  schools;  moved  with 
parents  to  Oswego,  N.  Y.,  and  learned  the  printer's 
trade;  publisher  and  editor  of  the  Owego  Gazette 
1814-1835;  established  the  first  stage  route  from 
Owego  to  Bath  in  1816;  postmaster  of  Owego  1816- 
1849;  supervisor  1854-1856;  elected  as  a  Democrat 
to  the  Twenty-fourth  Congress  (March  4,  1835- 
March  3,  1837);  reelected  to  the  Twenty-sixth  Con- 
gress (March  4, 1839-March  3, 1841) ;  deputy  United 
States  marshal  1857-1861;  died  in  Oswego,  N.  Y., 
May  8,  1876. 

Lessler,  Montague,  a  Representative  from 
New  York;  born  in  New  York  City  January  1, 1869; 
attended  the  public  schools,  and  was  graduated 
from  the  College  of  the  city  of  New  York  in  1889; 
later  was  graduated  from  the  Columbia  law  school, 
was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1891,  and  practiced  in 
New  York  City;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the 
Fifty-seventh  Congress,  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by 
the  resignation  of  Nicholas  Muller,  and  served  from 
January  15,  1902,  to  March  3,  1903;  resumed  the 
practice  of  law  in  New  York  City. 


Lester,  Posey  Green,  a  Representative  from 
Virginia;  born  in  Floyd  county,  Va.,  March  12, 
1850;  attended  the  common  schools;  engaged  in 
teaching,  and  studied  theology;  ordained  a  min- 
ister in  the  primitive  or  old  school  Baptist  church 
in  1876;  traveled  and  preached  in  eighteen  states; 
associate  editor  of  Zion's  Landmark  in  1883;  elected 
as  a  Democrat  to  the  Fifty-first  and  Fifty-second 
Congresses  (March  4,  1889-March  3,  1901);  resumed 
ministerial  relations  in  Floyd,  Va. 

Lester,  Rufus  Ezekiel,  a  Representative  from 
Georgia;  born  in  Burke  county,  Ga.,  December  12, 
1837;  was  graduated  from  Mercer  university,  Geor- 
gia, 1857;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in 
Savannah,  Ga.,  and  commenced  practice  in  1859; 
entered  the  military  service  of  the  Confederate 
army  in  1861,  and  served  throughout  the  war; 
resumed  practice  of  law  in  Savannah;  state  senator 
1870-1879,  and  president  of  the  senate  during  the 
last  three  years;  mayor  of  Savannah  1883-1889; 
elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Fifty-first,  and  to  the 
eight  succeeding  Congresses,  and  served  from 
March  4,  1899,  until  his  death  in  Washington, 
D.  C.,  June  16,  1906. 

Letcher,  John,  a  Representative  from  Virginia; 
bora  in  Lexington,  Rockbridge  county,  Va.,  March 
29,  1813;  attended  Washington  college  and  Ran- 
dolph-Macon  college;  studied  law,  was  admitted 
to  the  bar,  and  commenced  practice  in  Lexington, 
Va.,  in  1839;  presidential  elector  on  the  Democratic 
ticket  in  1848;  delegate  in  the  state  constitutional 
convention  of  1850;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the 
Thirty-second,  Thirty-third,  Thirty  ^urth,  and 
Thirty-fifth  Congresses  (March  4,  j_oi-March  3, 
1859);  governor  of  Virginia  1860-1864;  prominent 
in  organization  of  the  peace  congress  that  met  in 
Washington  February  8,  1861;  discouraged  seces- 
sion, but  was  active  in  sustaining  the  ordnance 
passed  by  Virginia  April  17, 1861;  after  the  war, 
and  the  expiration  of  his  term  as  governor,  resumed 
the  practice  of  law  in  Lexington;  member  of  the 
state  legislature  1876-1877;  member  of  board  of 
visitors  of  the  Virginia  military  institute  1866-1880, 
and  president  of  the  board  ten  years;  died  in  Lex- 
ington, Va.,  January  26,  1884. 

Letcher,  Robert  Perkins,  a  Representative 
from  Kentucky;  born  in  Goochland  county,  Va., 
February  10,  1788;  pursued  an  academic  course; 
studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  com- 
menced practice  in  Lancaster,  Ky.;  state  repre- 
sentative for  a  number  of  years  and  one  year 
speaker  of  the  house ;  elected  as  a  Clay  Democrat  to 
the  Eighteenth  and  Nineteenth  Congresses  (March 
4,  1823-March  3,  1827);  reelected  as  a  Whig  to  the 
Twentieth,  Twenty-first,  Twenty-second,  and 
Twenty -third  Congresses  (March  4,  1827-March  3, 
1841);  presidential  elector  on  the  Whig  ticket  in 
1836;  governor  of  Kentucky  1840-1844;  minister 
plenipotentiary  to  Mexico  August  9,  1849,  to 
August  3,  1852;  died  in  Frankfort,  Ky.,  January 
24,  1861. 

Lever,  Asbury  Francis,  a  Representative  from 
South  Carolina;  born  near  Springhill,  Lexington 
county,  S.  C.,  January  5,  1875;  attended  the  com- 
mon schools,  and  was  graduated  from  Newberry 
college  in  1895;  taught  school;  was  graduated  in  law 
from  Georgetown  university,  District  of  Columbia, 
in  1899,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  practiced  in 
Lexington,  S.  C.;  member  of  the  state  conventions 
in  1896  and  1900;  elected  to  the  state  legislature  in 
1900;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Fifty-seventh 
Congress  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  the  death  of  J. 


806 


CONGRESSIONAL   DIRECTOEY. 


William  Stokes;  reelected  to  the  Fifty-eighth, 
Fifty-ninth,  Sixtieth,  and  Sixty-first  Congresses, 
and  served  from  December  2,  1901,  to  March  3, 
1911.  Reelected  to  the  Sixty-second  Congress. 

Levin,  Lewis  Charles,  a  Representative  from 
Pennsylvania;  born  in  Charleston,  S.  C.,  Novem- 
ber 10,  1808;  was  graduated  from  South  Carolina 
college,  Columbia,  S.  C.;  moved  to  Woodville, 
Miss.,  about  1828  and  taught  school;  studied  law, 
was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  practiced  in  several 
states  until  located  in  Philadelphia,  Pa.,  in  1838; 
one  of  the  founders  of  the  American  party  in  1842; 
editor  of  the  Philadelphia  Daily  Sun;  elected  as  a 
native  American  to  the  Twenty-ninth,  Thirtieth, 
and  Thirty-first  Congresses  (March  4,  1845-March 
3,  1851);  defeated  for  reelection  to  the  Thirty- 
second  Congress;  died  in  Philadelphia,  Pa., 
March  14,  1860. 

Levy,  David  (afterwards  David  Levy  Yulee); 
a  Delegate  and  a  Senator  from  Florida;  bom  in  St. 
Thomas,  West  Indies,  in  1811;  pursued  classical 
studies;  studied  law  in  Virginia;  moved  to  Florida 
in  1824,  and  became  a  planter;  elected  as  a  Demo- 
crat to  the  Twenty-seventh  and  Twenty-eighth 
Congresses  (March  4,  1841-March  3,  1845);  delegate 
in  the  first  state  constitutional  convention;  elected 
to  the  United  States  Senate,  and  served  from  July 
1,  1845,  to  March  3,  1851;  reelected  in  January, 
1855,  and  served  from  March  4,  1855,  until  his 
retirement,  January  21, 1861;  by  act  of  the  Florida 
legislature,  and  at  his  request,  his  name  was 
changed  to  David  Levy  Yulee,  and  the  Senate,  on 
January  1<-  q46,  ordered  the  name  changed  upon 
its  rolls  and  journals  in  conformity  with  the  act; 
president  of  the  Atlantic  and  Gulf  railroad;  served 
in  the  Confederate  Congress;  prisoner  of  state  at 
Fort  Pulaski  in  1865;  died  in  New  York  City, 
October  10,  1886. 

Levy,  Jefferson  Monroe,  a  Representative 
from  New  York;  born  in  New  York  city;  attended 
public  and  private  schools  and  was  graduated  from 
the  University  of  the  State  of  New  York;  studied 
law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar  of  the  state  of  New 
York,  and  practiced  in  New  York  city;  one  of  the 
founders  of  the  Democratic  club  of  New  York; 
member  of  the  chamber  of  commerce,  of  the  board 
of  trade  and  transportation,  of  the  real  estate  ex- 
change, and  of  numerous  clubs  and  other  organi- 
zations; vice  president  of  the  Democratic  club; 
inherited  from  his  uncle,  Commodore  Uriah  P. 
Levy,  "  Monticello, "  the  estate  of  Thomas  Jef- 
ferson; elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Fifty-sixth 
Congress  (March  4,  1899-March  3,  1901).  Reelected 
to  the  Sixty -second  Congress. 

Levy,  William  Mallory,  a  Representative  from 
Louisiana;  born  in  Isle  of  Wight  county,  Va., 
October  30,  1827;  received  a  college  training; 
studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  prac- 
ticed; served  in  the  Mexican  war;  moved  to  Loui- 
siana in  1852,  and  practiced  law  in  Natchitoches; 
member  of  the  state  house  of  representatives 
1859-1861;  presidential  elector  on  the  Democratic 
ticket  in  1860;  served  in  the  Confederate  army; 
elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Forty-fourth  Congress 
(March  4,  1875-March  3,  1877);  appointed  justice 
of  the  state  supreme  court  in  1879,  and  served 
until  his  death  in  Saratoga,  N.  Y.,  August  10,  1882. 

Lewis,  Abner,  a  Representative  from  New 
York;  born  in  Panama,  Chautauqua  county,  N.Y.; 
attended  the  public  schools;  member  of  the  state 


house  of  representatives  1838-1839;  elected  as  a 
Whig  to  the  Twenty-ninth  Congress  (March  4, 
1845-March  3,  1847;  county  judge  1847-1851. 

Lewis,  Barbour,  a  Representative  from  Ten- 
nessee; born  in  Alburg,  Vt.,  in  1824;  attended 
common  schools  in  various  states;  was  graduated 
from  Illinois  college,  Jacksonville,  111.,  in  1846; 
teacher  in  Mobile,  Ala.;  attended  law  schools  in 
Albany,  N.  Y.,  and  Cambridge,  Mass.,  and  was 
admitted  to  the  bar;  served  in  the  Union  army 
1861-1864;  appointed  judge  of  Memphis,  Tenn., 
1863-1864;  appointed  president  of  commissioners 
of  Shelby  county,  Tenn.,  1867-1869;  elected  as  a 
Republican  to  the  Forty-third  Congress  (March  4, 
1873-March  3,  1875);  resumed  the  practice  of  law 
in  Memphis,  Tenn. 

Lewis,  Burwell  Boykin,  a  Representative  from 
Alabama;  born  in  Montgomery,  Ala.,  July  7,  1838; 
removed  with  his  mother  to  Montevallo,  Shelby 
county,  Ala.,  in  early  youth;  was  graduated  from 
the  University  of  Alabama  in  1857;  studied  law, 
was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced  practice 
in  Montevallo  in  1859;  served  in  the  Confederate 
army,  and  attained  the  rank  of  captain  of  the  sec- 
ond Alabama  cavalry;  presidential  elector  on  the 
Democratic  ticket  in  1868;  state  representative 
1870-1972;  moved  to  Tuscaloosa,  Ala.,  in  1872;  en- 
gaged in  the  iron  business;  elected  as  a  Democrat 
to  the  Forty-fourth  Congress  (March  4,  1875-March 
3,  1877);  reelected  to  the  Forty-sixth  Congress,  and 
served  from  March  4,  1879,  until  October  1,  1880, 
when  he  resigned  to  accept  the  presidency  of  the 
University  of  Alabama;  died  in  Tuscaloosa,  Ala., 
October  11,  1885. 

Lewis,  Charles  S.,  a  Representative  from  Vir- 
ginia; native  of  Clarksburg,  W.  Va.;  completed 
preparatory  studies;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the 
Thirty-third  Congress,  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by 
the  death  of  John  F.  Snodgrass,  and  served  from 
December  4,  1854,  to  March  3,  1855. 

Lewis,  Clarke,  a  Representative  from  Missis- 
sippi; born  in  Huntsville,  Ala.,  November  8,  1840; 
moved  with  his  mother  to  Noxubee  county,  Miss., 
in  early  youth;  attended  the  common  schools;  en- 
tered Somerville  institute  and  took  a  partial 
course;  engaged  in  teaching;  entered  the  Confed- 
erate army  in  February,  1861,  and  served  until  the 
close  of  the  war;  resumed  teaching  in  May,  1865; 
engaged  in  mercantile  business  and  in  farming; 
elected  to  the  state  legislature  in  1877;  elected  as  a 
Democrat  to  the  Fifty-first  and  Fifty-second  Con- 
gresses (March  4,  1889-March  3,  1893);  died  near 
Macon,  Miss.,  March  13,  1896. 

Lewis,  Dixon  Hall,  a  Representative  and  a 
Senator  from  Alabama;  born  in  Dinwiddie  county, 
Va.,  August  10,  1802;  moved  with  parents  in  early 
boyhood  to  Hancock  county,  Ga. ;  was  graduated 
from  Mount  Zion  academy  and  from  the  Univer- 
sity of  South  Carolina;  moved  to  Autauga  county, 
Ala.,  in  1822;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar 
in  1823,  and  practiced  in  Montgomery,  Ala.; 
state  representative  1825-1827;  elected  as  a  States 
Rights  Democrat  to  the  Twenty-first,  and  to  the 
seven  succeeding  Congresses,  and  served  from 
March  4,  1829,  to  April  22,  1844,  when  he  resigned; 
appointed  and  subsequently  elected  to  the  United 
States  Senate,  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  the  resig- 
nation of  William  R.  King,  and  served  from  April 
22,  1844,  until  his  death  in  New  York  City,  October 
25,  1848;  interment  in  Montgomery,  Ala. 


BIOGRAPHIES. 


807 


Lewis,  Edward  Taylor,  a  Representative  from 
Louisiana;  born  in  Opelousas,  parish  of  St.  Landry, 
October  26,  1834;  was  trained  by  a  private  tutor; 
attended  Wesleyan  university  in  Delaware,  Ohio, 
was  admitted  to  the  bar  of  Louisiana  in  1859,  and 
practiced  in  Opelousas,  La.;  served  in  the  Con- 
federate army  during  the  entire  war;  entered  as  a 
private  in  the  infantry  and  ranked  as  a  captain 
of  cavalry  at  its  close;  elected  to  the  state  legisla- 
ture in  1865;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Forty- 
eighth  Congress,  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  the 
death  of  Andrew  S.  Herron,  who  died  before  the 
commencement  of  Congress,  and  served  from  March 
4,  1883,  to  March  3,  1885;  again  elected  to  the  state 
legislature;  resumed  the  practice  of  law  in  Ope- 
lousas, La. 

Lewis,  Elijah  Banks,  a  Representative  from 
Georgia;  born  in  Dooly  county,  Ga.,  March  27, 
1854;  attended  the  common  schools  of  Dooly  and 
Macon  counties,  and  had  a  business  training; 
moved  to  Montezuma,  Ga.,  in  1871,  and  engaged 
in  the  banking  and  mercantile  business;  state  sena- 
tor 1894-1895;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Fifty- 
fifth,  and  to  the  five  succeeding  Congresses  (March 
4,  1897-March  3,  1909);  resumed  business  activi- 
ties in  Montezuma,  Ga. 

Lewis,  Francis,  a  Delegate  from  New  York, 
born  in  Llandaff,  Wales,  in  March,  1713;  attended 
Westminster  school,  London;  entered  the  counting 
house  of  a  London  merchant,  came  to  America 
in  1735  and  established  mercantile  houses  in  New 
York  and  Philadelphia;  secured  a  contract  to 
clothe  the  British  army  in  America  in  1753;  partic- 
ipated in  the  French  and  Indian  war  as  an  aid  to 
General  Mercer,  was  captured  in  Oswego,  N.  Y., 
by  forces  under  Montcalm,  taken  as  a  prisoner  to 
France,  and  exchanged;  on  his  return  the  Colonial 
government  gave  him  five  thousand  acres  of  land 
in  recognition  of  his  services;  delegate  in  the  stamp 
act  congress  that  met  in  New  York  City  in  1765; 
retired  from  business  in  1765  and  located  in  White- 
stone,  Long  Island,  N.  Y.;  delegate  in  the  Conti- 
nental Congress  1774-1779;  signer  of  the  Declara- 
tion of  Independence;  commissioner  of  the  board 
of  admiralty  in  1779;  died  in  New  York  City,  De- 
cember 30,  1802. 

Lewis,  James  Hamilton,  a  Representative 
from  Washington;  born  in  Danville,  Va.,  May  18, 
1868;  moved  with  his  parents  to  Augusta,  Ga.,  in 
1866;  attended  Houghton  college  and  the  Univer- 
sity of  Virginia;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the 
bar  in  1882,  and  located  in  practice  in  Seattle, 
Wash.,  November,  1885;  elected  to  the  territorial 
senate;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Fifty-fifth 
Congress  (March  4,  1897-March  3,  1899);  served  in 
the  Spanish  war  as  inspector  general  with  rank  of 
colonel,  on  the  staff  of  Gen.  Frederick  D.  Grant; 
moved  to  Chicago,  111.,  in  1902,  and  resumed  the 
practice  of  law;  was  later  corporation  counsel  of 
Chicago;  chosen  Democratic  candidate  for  United 
States  Senator  in  the  primaries  of  1912. 

Lewis,  John  Francis,  a  Senator  from  Virginia; 
born  near  Port  Republic,  Va.,  March  1,  1818; 
farmer;  delegate  in  the  state  secession  convention 
of  1861,  and  refused  to  sign  the  ordinance  of  seces- 
sion; elected  lieutenant  governor  on  the  True  Re- 
publican ticket  in  1869;  elected  to  the  United 
States  Senate,  and  served  from  October  20,  1869,  to 
March  3,  1875;  appointed  by  President  Hayes 
United  States  marshal  for  the  western  district  of 
Virginia  April  11,  1878,  and  served  until  March  1, 
1882,  when  he  resigned;  again  elected  lieutenant 


governor  on  the  Readjuster  ticket  in  1881;  died 
in  Lynnwood,  Va.,  September  2,  1895. 

Lewis,  JohnH.,  a  Representative  from  Illinois; 
born  in  Tompkins  county,  N.  Y.,  July  21,  1830; 
moved  to  Illinois  in  1836;  attended  the  common 
schools;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar 
in  1860,  and  practiced  in  Knoxville,  111.;  elected 
clerk  of  the  circuit  court  of  Knox  county  in  1860; 
elected  to  the  house  of  representatives  of  Illinois 
in  1874;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Forty- 
seventh  Congress  (March  4,  1881-March  3,  1883); 
resumed  the  practice  of  law  in  Knoxville,  111. 

Lewis,  John  William,  a  Representative  from 
Kentucky;  born  near  Greensburg,  Green  county, 
Ky.;  attended  Centre  college,  Danville,  Ky. ; 
studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  practiced 
in  Greensburg,  Ky.;  moved  to  Springfield,  Ky., 
January  1,  1869;  temporary  chairman  of  the  Re- 
publican state  convention  April  10,  1880;  delegate 
in  the  Republican  national  conventions  of  1880, 
1884,  and  1888;  delegate  in  the  constitutional  con- 
vention of  Kentucky  in  1890,  and  unseated  upon  a 
contest;  member  of  the  Republican  state  central 
committee  of  Kentucky  1878-1891,  and  chairman  in 
the  state  campaign  of  1887;  served  as  special  judge 
in  circuit  courts  of  Marion,  Taylor,  and  other  coun- 
ties; elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Fifty-fourth 
Congress  (March  4,  1895-March  3,  1897);  resumed 
the  practice  of  law  in  Springfield,  Ky. 

Lewis,  Joseph,  jr.,  a  Representative  from  Vir- 
ginia; born  in  Virginia  in  1772;  elected  as  a  Feder- 
alist to  the  Eighth,  and  to  the  six  succeeding  Con- 
gresses (March  4,  1803-March  3, 1817);  died  in  Clif- 
ton, Va.,  March  30,  1834. 

Lewis,  Joseph  Horace,  a  Representative  from 
Kentucky;  born  in  Barren  county,  Ky.,  October 
29,  1824;  was  graduated  from  Centre  college,  Dan- 
ville, Ky.,  in  1843;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to 
the  bar,  and  began  practice  in  Glasgow,  Ky.,  in 
1845;  member  of  the  state  house  of  representatives 
1850-1853  and  1869-1870;  commanded  the  sixth 
Kentucky  regiment  in  the  Confederate  army,  the 
second  brigade  and  the  first  brigade  in  Bates  divi- 
sion; returned  to  Glasgow  at  the  close  of  the  war 
and  practiced  law;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the 
Forty-first  Congress,  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  the 
resignation  of  Jacob  S.  Golladay;  reelected  to  the 
Forty-second  Congress,  and  served  from  May  10, 
1870,  to  March  3,  1873;  elected  to  the  Kentucky 
court  of  appeals  in  1874;  reelected  in  1882,  and 
served  until  December,  1890;  died  in  Glasgow, 
Ky.,  July  6,  1904. 

Lewis,  Robert  Jacob,  a  Representative  from 
Pennsylvania;  born  in  Dover,  Dover  township, 
York  county,  Pa.,  December  30. 1864;  attended  the 
public  schools  of  York,  and  was  graduated  from  the 
high  school  in  1883;  taught  in  the  public  schools 
until  September,  1889;  was  graduated  from  the  law 
department  of  Yale  in  1891;  admitted  to  the  New 
Haven  (Conn. )  bar  June,  1891,  and  to  the  bar  of  York 
county,  Pa.,  August  3, 1891,  and  practiced  in  York, 
Pa. ;  elected  school  controller  in  1893,  and  reelected 
in  1897  and  1903;  city  solicitor  in  1895;  elected  as 
a  Republican  to  the  Fifty-seventh  Congress  (March 
4,  1901-March  3,  1903;  declined  a  renomination; 
resumed  the  practice  of  law  in  York,  Pa. 

Lewis,  Thomas,  a  Representative  from  Vir- 
ginia; born  in  Augusta  county,  Va.;  attended  the 
common  schools;  presented  credentials  as  a  Rep- 
resentative-elect to  the  Eighth  Congress,  and  served 


808 


CONGRESSIONAL   DIEECTORY. 


from  March  4,  1803,  to  March  5,  1804,  when  he  was 
succeeded  by  Andrew  Moore,  who  contested  his 
election.  By  formal  action  of  the  House  of  Rep- 
resentatives, counsel  for  the  claimants  were  heard 
at  the  bar  of  the  House  in  this  case. 

Lewis,  William  J.,  a  Representative  from  Vir- 
ginia; born  near  Lynchburg,  Va.;  attended  the 
common  schools;  member  of  the  state  house  of 
representatives;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the 
Fifteenth  Congress  (March  4,  1817-March  3,  1819); 
died  near  Lynchburg,  Va.,  November  1,  1828. 

L'Hommedieu,  Ezra,  a  Delegate  from  New 
York;  born  in  Southhold,  N.  Y.,  August  30,  1734; 
was  graduated  from  Yale  college  in  1754;  studied 
law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  practiced  in  New 
York  City;  delegate  in  the  four  provincial  con- 
gresses 1775-1778;  member  of  the  state  house  of 
representatives  1777-1783;  a  Federalist  Delegate 
in  the  Continental  Congress  1779-1783  and  1787- 
1788;  member  of  the  state  senate  1784-1792  and 
1794^-1809;  member  of  the  state  constitutional  con- 
vention of  1801;  clerk  of  Suffolk  county  from 
January,  1784,  to  March,  1810,  and  from  March, 
1811,  until  his  death;  regent  of  the  University 
of  the  State  of  New  York  1787-1811;  died  in  South- 
hold,  N.  Y.,  September  28,  1811. 

Libbey,  Harry,  a  Representative  from  Virginia; 
born  in  Wakefield,  N.  H.,  November  22,  1843;  at- 
tended the  common  schools;  moved  to  Hampton, 
Va.,  and  engaged  in  mercantile  pursuits;  appointed 
one  of  the  presiding  justices  of  Elizabeth  City 
county,  Va.,  in  1869;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the 
Forty-eighth  and  Forty-ninth  Congresses  (March  4, 
1883-March  3,  1887);  engaged  in  the  oyster  indus- 
try; postmaster  of  Hampton,  Va. 

Ligon,  Robert  Fulwood,  a  Representative 
from  Alabama;  born  in  Watkinsville,  Oconee 
county,  Ga.,  December  16,  1823;  pursued  an  aca- 
demic course;  moved  to  Atlanta,  Ga. ;  studied  law, 
was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced  practice; 
served  in  the  Mexican  war;  member  of  the  state 
house  of  representatives  1849-1850,  and  of  the  state 
senate  1860-1863;  served  in  the  Confederate  army; 
located  in  Tuskagee,  Ala.,  and  resumed  the  prac- 
tice of  law;  lieutenant  governor  of  Alabama  in 
1874;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Forty-fifth  Con- 
gress (March  4,  1877-March  3,  1879);  died  in  Mont- 
gomery, Ala.,  October  11,  1901. 

Ligon,  Thomas  Watkins,  a  Representative 
from  Maryland;  born  in  Prince  Edward  county, 
Va.,  May  1,  1810;  attended  Hampden-Sidney  col- 
lege, and  was  graduated  from  the  University  of  Vir- 
ginia; studied  law  at  Yale  college,  was  admitted  to 
the  bar,  and  practiced  in  Baltimore  1835-1853,  and 
in  other  places  in  Maryland ;  elected  as  a  Democrat 
to  the  Twenty-ninth  and  Thirtieth  Congresses 
(March  4,  1845-March  3,  1849);  governor  of  Mary- 
land 1854-1858;  died  in  Chatham,  near  Ellicott 
City,  Howard  county,  Md.,  January  12,  1881. 

Lilley,  George  Leavens,  a  Representative 
from  Connecticut;  born  in  Oxford,  Mass.,  August  3, 
1859;  attended  the  common  schools  of  Oxford,  the 
Worcester  high  school,  and  Worcester  technical 
institute,  Worcester,  Mass. ;  served  in  the  Connecti- 
cut legislature  in  1900;  elected  as  a  Republican  to 
the  Fifty-eighth,  Fifty-ninth,  and  Sixtieth  Con- 
gresses and  served  from  March  4,  1903,  until  Janu- 
ary 5,  1909;  by  resolution  of  the  House  of  January 
20,  1909,  seat  was  declared  to  have  been  vacated 
January  6,  1909,  for  the  reason  incumbent  had  en- 


tered upon  the  duties  of  the  office  of  governor  of 
Connecticut  the  preceding  day;  governor  of  Con- 
necticut January  5,  1909,  until  his  death  in  Hart- 
ford, Conn.,  April  21  1909;  interment  in  Water- 
bury,  Conn. 

Lilley,  Mial  E.,  a  Representative  from  Pennsyl- 
vania; born  in  Canton,  Bradford  county,  Pa.,  May 
30,  1850;  attended  public  and  private  schools; 
worked  as  a  blacksmith  several  years;  studied  law 
in  Canton,  was  admitted  to  the  Bradford  county 
bar  in  1880,  and  commenced  practice  in  Towanda, 
Pa. ;  for  several  years  chairman  of  the  Republican 
committee  of  Brandford  county;  defeated  for  pro- 
thonotary  of  Bradford  county  in  1890;  elected  pro- 
thonotary  in  1893,  and  reelected  in  1896;  in  Febru- 
ary, 1903,  appointed  assistant  United  States  district 
attorney  for  the  middle  district  of  Pennsylvania; 
elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Fifty-ninth  Congress 
(March  4,  1905-March  3,  1907);  resumed  the  prac- 
tice of  law  in  Towanda,  Pa. 

Lilly,  Samuel,  a  Representative  from  New 
Jersey;  born  in  Geneva,  N.  Y.,  October  28,  1815; 
moved  to  Lambertville,  N.  J.,  in  1829;  studied 
medicine,  and  was  graduate  from  the  medical 
department  of  the  University  of  Pennsylvania 
March  31,  1837,  and  commenced  practice  in  Lam- 
bertville, N.  J.;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the 
Thirty-third  Congress  (March  4,  1853-March  3, 
1855);  first  mayor  of  Lambertville,  and  served 
three  years;  director  of  the  board  of  freeholders  of 
Hunterdon  county  for  eight  years;  appointed  by 
President  Buchanan  consul  general  of  the  United 
States  to  British  India,  with  residence  in  Calcutta, 
January  3,  1861,  and  served  until  July  4,  1862, 
when  he  resigned;  judge  of  the  court  of  common 
pleas  of  Hunterdon  county,  N.  J.,  1869-1874; 
one  of  the  board  of  managers  of  the  New  Jersey 
insane  asylum ;  judge  of  the  court  of  errors  and 
appeals  and  of  pardons  from  1873  until  his  death 
in  Lambertville,  N.  J.,  April  3,  1880. 

Lilly,  William,  a  Representative  from  Pennsyl- 
vania; born  in  Penn  Yan,  Yates  county,  N.  Y., 
June  3,  1821;  moved  to  Carbon  county,  Pa.,  in 
1838 ;  elected  colonel  of  one  of  the  militia  regiments 
of  the  Lehigh  valley,  and  subsequently  brigadier 
general;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Pennsyl- 
vania house  of  representatives  in  1850-1851;  Demo- 
crat in  politics  until  1862,  when  he  became  a  Re- 
publican; attended  six  national  Republican  con- 
ventions, either  as  delegate  or  alternate;  member 
of  every  important  Republican  state  convention; 
delegate  at  large  to  the  convention  to  revise  the 
constitution  of  Pennsylvania  1872-1873;  engaged 
in  the  mining  of  anthracite  coal;  life  member  of 
the  academy  of  natural  sciences  of  Philadelphia; 
member  of  the  society  of  American  mining  engi- 
neers; elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Fifty-third 
Congress  and  served  from  March  4,  1893,  until  his 
death  in  Mauch  Chunk,  Pa.,  December  1,  1893. 

Lincoln,  Abraham,  a  Representative  from 
Illinois;  born  in  Hardin  county,  Ky.,  February 
12,  1809;  moved  with  parents  to  a  heavily-tim- 
bered tract  of  land  on  Little  Pigeon  creek,  Indiana, 
in  1816;  attended  a  log-cabin  school  at  short 
intervals,  and  was  self-instructed  in  elementary 
branches;  at  the  age  of  nineteen  was  intrusted 
with  a  cargo  of  farm  products,  which  he  took  to 
New  Orleans  and  sold;  moved  with  his  father  to 
a  forest  location  in  Macon  county,  111.,  in  1830, 
and  a  little  later  to  an  unbroken  prairie  farm  in 
Coles  county,  111.;  hired  himself  to  a  Sangamon 


BIOGEAPHIES. 


809 


county  trader  named  Denton  Offut,  and  assisted 
in  the  construction  of  a  flatboat,  in  trading 
upon  the  rivers,  and  in  maintaining  a  general 
store  in  New  Salem,  Menard  county,  111.;  read  the 
principles  of  law  and  works  on  surveying,  Indian 
hostilities  began  and  he  volunteered  in  a  com- 
pany of  Sangamon  county  rifles,  organized  in 
Richland,  111.,  April  21,  1832;  was  elected  its 
captain,  and  served  until  May  27,  following,  when 
the  company  was  mustered  out  of  service;  reen- 
listed  as  a  private,  and  served  until  mustered  out 
June  16,  1832;  returned  to  New  Salem,  and  was 
defeated  as  a  candidate  for  the  Illinois  legislature; 
entered  business  as  a  general  merchant  in  New 
Salem,  but  met  reverses  that  were  generally  at- 
tributed to  his  partner.  Lincoln  then  applied 
himself  to  the  study  of  the  law;  postmaster  of 
New  Salem  1833-1836;  deputy  county  surveyor 
1834-1836;  elected  to  the  state  legislature  in 
1834,  1836,  1838,  and  1840;  declined  a  renomina- 
tion;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1836;  moved  to 
Springfield,  111.,  in  1837,  and  engaged  in  practice; 
elected  as  a  Whig  to  the  Thirtieth  Congress  (March 
4,  1847-March  3,  1849);  did  not  seek  a  renomina- 
tion;  an  unsuccessful  applicant  for  commissioner 
of  the  general  land  office  under  President  Taylor; 
tendered  the  governorship  of  Oregon  Territory, 
but  declined;  unsuccessful  Whig  candidate  for 
United  States  Senator  before  the  legislature  of 
1855;  became  a  leader  in  the  Republican  party 
immediately  upon  its  organization;  chosen  by  his 
party  to  oppose  Stephen  A.  Douglas  for  the  United 
States  Senate  in  1858,  and  the  debate  between  the 
candidates  made  memorable  the  campaign  in 
which  Douglas  was  final  victor;  elected  as  a  Re- 
publican President  of  the  United  States,  and  was 
inaugurated  March  4,  1861;  unanimously  renomi- 
nated  in  the  convention  of  June  8,  1864,  and  was 
inaugurated  for  a  second  term  March  4,  1865; 
was  shot  by  J.  Wilkes  Booth  while  attending 
Ford's  theater  in  the  city  of  Washington,  D.  C., 
on  the  night  of  April  14,  1865,  and  died  the  follow- 
ing day;  interment  in  Oak  Ridge  cemetery, 
Springfield,  111.,  May  4,  1865. 

Lincoln,  Enoch,  a  Representative  from  Massa- 
chusetts and  from  Maine;  born  in  Worcester, 
Mass.,  December  28,  1788;  was  graduated  from 
Harvard  college  in  1807 ;  studied  law,  was  admitted 
to  the  bar,  and  practiced  in  Salem,  Mass.,  1811- 
1819,  and  in  Paris,  Me.,  1819-1829;  United  States 
district  attorney  1815-1818;  elected  to  the  Fifteenth 
Congress,  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  the  resignation 
of  Albion  K.  Parris;  reelected  to  the  Sixteenth 
Congress,  and  served  from  November  16,  1818,  to 
March  3,  1821;  upon  Maine  becoming  a  state, 
was  elected  to  the  Seventeenth,  Eighteenth,  and 
Nineteenth  Congresses,  and  served  from  March  4, 
1821,  until  January,  1826,  when  he  resigned;  gov- 
ernor of  Maine  1826,  1827,  and  1828;  declined  re- 
nomination;  died  in  Augusta,  Me.,  Octobers,  1829. 

Lincoln,  Leyi,  a  Representative  from  Massa- 
chusetts; born  in  Hingham,  Mass.,  May  15,  1749; 
was  graduated  from  Harvard  college  in  1772; 
studied  law  in  Northampton,  Mass.,  joined  the 
minute  men  in  Cambridge  at  the  outbreak  of  the 
Revolution;  moved  to  Worcester,  Mass.,  and  was 
clerk  of  the  court  and  judge  of  probate  for  Worces- 
ter county  1775-1781;  was  admitted  to  the  bar 
and  practiced  in  Worcester;  delegate  in  the  state 
constitutional  convention;  elected  to  the  Conti- 
nental Congress  in  1781,  but  declined  to  serve; 
a  state  representative  in  1796,  and  a  state  senator 
1797-1798;  elected  to  the  Sixth  Congress,  to  fill 


vacancy  caused  by  the  resignation  of  Dwight 
Foster,  and  served  from  February  6  to  March  3, 
1801;  Attorney  General  of  the  United  States  in 
President  Jefferson's  cabinet  March  5,  1801- 
December  31,  1804,  and  acting  Secretary  of  State 
March  5,  1801-May  2,  1801;  member  of  governor's 
council  in  1806;  lieutenant  governor  1807-1808; 
acting  governor  December  10,  1808-May  1,  1809; 
appointed  associate  justice  of  the  Supreme  Court 
01  the  United  States  by  President  Madison,  but 
forced  to  decline  by  reason  of  failing  sight;  died 
in  Worcester,  Mass.,  April  14,  1820. 

Lincoln,  Leyi,  a  Representative  from  Massa- 
chusetts; born  in  Worcester,  Mass.,  October  25, 
1782;  was  graduated  from  Harvard  college  in  1802; 
studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  com- 
menced practice  in  1805;  member  of  state  senate 
in  1812,  and  of  the  house  of  representatives  1814- 
1822,  and  was  speaker  in  1822;  delegate  in  the 
state  constitutional  convention  of  1820;  elected 
lieutenant  governor  in  1823;  appointed  asso- 
ciate justice  of  the  supreme  court  in  1824;  gov- 
ernor 1825-1834;  elected  as  a  Whig  to  the  Twenty- 
third  Congress,  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  the  resig- 
nation of  John  Davis;  elected  to  the  Twenty- 
fourth,  Twenty-fifth,  and  Twenty-sixth  Congresses 
and  served  from  March  5,  1834,  to  March  3,  1841; 
collector  of  the  port  of  Boston  1841-1843;  presi- 
dent of  the  state  senate  in  1845;  presidential 
elector  on  the  Whig  ticket  in  1848;  first  mayor  of 
Worcester  in  1848;  was  a  Republican  presidential 
elector  and  voted  for  Abraham  Lincoln  in  1865; 
member  of  numerous  historical  and  agricultural 
societies;  died  in  Worcester,  Mass.,  May  29,  1868. 

Lincoln,  William  Slosson,  a-  Representative 
from  New  York;  born  in  Newark  Valley,  N.  Y., 
August  13,  1813;  attended  the  common  schools; 
studied  law,  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar;  engaged 
in  the  leather  business;  postmaster  of  Newark 
Valley  1838-1866;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the 
Fortieth  Congress  (March  4,  1867-March  3,  1869); 
engaged  in  the  practice  of  law  in  Washington, 
D.  C.,  and  died  there  April  21,  1893. 

Lind,  John,  a  Representative  from  Minnesota; 
born  in  Sweden,  March  25, 1854;  attended  the  pub- 
lic schools  and  the  state  university  of  Minneapolis; 
taught  school;  studied 'law,  and  was  admitted  to 
the  bar  in  1877,  and  practiced  in  New  Ulm,  Minn.; 
appointed  receiver  of  the  Tracy  land  office  in  1881; 
elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Fiftieth,  Fifty- 
first,  and  Fifty-second  Congresses  (March  4,  1887- 
March  3,  1893);  served  in  the  Spanish  war  as 
quartermaster  of  the  twelfth  Minnesota  regiment 
of  volunteers;  elected  governor  of  Minnesota  in 
1898  as  a  Democrat;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the 
Fifty-eighth  Congress  (March  4,  1903-March  3, 
1905);  resumed  the  practice  of  law  in  Minneapolis, 
Minn.;  president  of  the  board  of  regents  or  the 
University  of  Minnesota. 

Lindbergh,  Charles  August,  a  Representative 
from  Minnesota;  born  in  Sweden,  July  20,  1860; 
came  with  his  parents  to  the  United  States,  and 
located  in  Melrose  Minn.;  attended  Grove  Lake 
academy,  Stearns  county,  Minn.,  and  was  gradu- 
ated from  the  law  department  of  the  University  oi 
Michigan  in  Ann  Arbor;  was  admitted  to  the  bar, 
and  commenced  practice  in  Little  Falls,  Minn.; 
also  engaged  in  agriculture  pursuits;  elected  as  a 
Republican  to  the  Sixtieth  and  Sixty-first  Con- 
gresses (March  4,  1907-March  3,  1911).  Reekcted 
to  the  Sixty-second  Congress. 


810 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 


Lindley,  James  Johnston,  a  Representative 
from  Missouri;  born  in  Mansfield,  Ohio,  January  1, 
1822;  moved  to  Cynthiana,  Ky.;  attended  Wood- 
ville  college,  Ohio;  moved  to  St.  Louis,  Mo.,  in 
1843;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in 
Palmyra,  Mo.,  March  1,  1846,  and  commenced 
practice  in  Monticello,  Mo.;  elected  circuit  attor- 
ney in  1848  and  1852;  elected  as  a  Whig  to  the 
Thirty-third  and  Thirty-fourth  Congresses  (March 
4, 1853-March  3, 1857);  moved  to  Davenport,  Iowa, 
in  1858,  and  continued  in  the  practice  of  law; 
commissioned  to  investigate  the  condition  of  Iowa 
troops  serving  in  the  Civil  war;  after  the  war 
practiced  law  in  Chicago  until  1868;  removed  to 
St.  Louis,  Mo.;  judge  ol  the  circuit  court;  moved 
to  Kansas  City,  Mo.;  died  in  the  home  of  a  son  in 
Nevada,  Mo.,  April  18,  1891. 

Lindsay,  George  Henry,  a  Representative 
from  New  York;  born  in  New  York  City,  January 
7,  1837;  moved  to  Brooklyn  in  1843;  attended  the 
public  schools;  engaged  in  the  hotel  business; 
elected  to  the  state  assembly  1882-1886;  coroner; 
appointed  assistant  tax  commissioner  in  1898; 
elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Fifty-seventh,  to  the 
four  succeeding  Congresses  (March  4,  1901-March 
3,  1911).  Reelected  to  the  Sixty-second  Congress. 

Lindsay,  William,  a  Senator  from  Kentucky; 
born  in  Rockbridge  county,  Va.,  September  4, 
1835;  settled  in  Clinton,  Hickman  county,  Ky.,  in 
November,  1854;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to 
the  bar,  and  commenced  practice  in  Clinton  in 
1858;  served  in  the  Confederate  army  from  July, 
1861,  till  May,  1865,  and  was  captain  in  the  second 
Tennessee  infantry;  paroled  as  prisoner  of  war  at 
Columbus,  Miss.-,  May  16,  1865;  resumed  the  prac- 
tice of  law  in  Clinton,  Ky.;  elected  state  senator 
in  August,  1867;  elected  judge  of  the  Kentucky- 
court  of  appeals  in  August,  1870;  served  until 
September,  1878;  from  September,  1876,  until 
September,  1878,  chief  justice  of  the  court;  prac- 
ticed law  in  Frankfort,  Ky.;  elected  state  senator 
in  August,  1889;  member  of  the  World's  Columbian 
commission  from  its  organization  until  February 
20,  1893;  appointed  a  member  of  the  Interstate 
Commerce  commission  in  January,  1892,  but  de- 
clined ;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  United  States 
Senate,  to  fill  the  vacancy  caused  by  the  resigna- 
tion of  John  G.  Carlisle;  reelected  in  January, 
1894,  and  served  from  February  15,  1893,  until 
March  3,  1901;  moved  to  New  York  City  and  re- 
sumed the  practice  of  law;  in  March,  1901,  ap- 
pointed United  States  commissioner  to  the  St. 
Louis  exposition;  died  in  Frankfort,  Ky.,  Octo- 
ber 15,  1909. 

Lindsey,  Stephen  D.,  a  Representative  from 
Maine;  born  in  Norridgewock,  Me.,  March  3,  1828; 
pursued  an  academic  course;  studied  law,  was 
admitted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced  practice  in 
Norridgewock  in  1853;  clerk  of  the  judicial  courts 
in  Somerset  county  1857-1860;  member  of  the  state 
house  of  representatives  in  1856,  and  of  the  senate 
in  1868-1870;  president  of  the  senate  in  1869;  dele- 
gate in  the  Republican  national  conventions  of 
I860  and  1868;  member  of  the  executive  council  of 
Maine  in  1874;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the 
Forty-fifth,  Forty-sixth,  and  Forty-seventh  Con- 
gresses (March  4,  1877-March  3,  1883);  died  in 
Norridgewock,  Me.,  April  28,  1884. 

Lindsley,  James  Girard,  a  Representative 
from  New  York;  born  in  Orange,  N.  J.,  March  19, 
1819;  attended  the  public  schools,  Ransom's  mili- 


tary academy,  and  Pierson'a  Orange  classical 
school;  trustee  of  the  village  of  Rondout,  N.  Y., 
1859-1864;  elected  president  of  the  village  of  Ron- 
dout in  1852,  1867,  1868,  and  1869;  elected  super- 
visor of  Kingston,  N.  Y.,  in  March,  1872,  and  in 
April  elected  the  first  mayor  of  Kingston,  to  which 
office  he  was  reelected  for  six  consecutive  terms; 
elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Forty-ninth  Con- 
gress (March  4,  1885-March  3,  1887);  died  in  King- 
ston, N.  Y.,  December  4,  1898. 

Lindsley,  William  Dell,  a  Representative  from 
Ohio;  born  in  New  Haven,  Conn.,  December  25, 
1814;  attended  the  common  schools;  moved  to  San- 
dusky,  Ohio,  and  engaged  in  agricultural  pursuits; 
elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Thirty-third  Congress 
(March  4,  1853-March  3,  1855);  defeated  for  the 
Thirty-fourth  Congress;  died  in  Perkins,  Erie 
county,  Ohio,  March  11,  1890. 

Linn,  Archibald  Ladley,  a  Representative  from 
New  York;  born  in  New  York  City  October  15, 
1802;  was  graduated  from  Union  college;  studied 
law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced  prac- 
tice in  Schenectady,  N.  Y.;  judge  of  Schenectady 
county;  elected  as  a  Whig  to  the  Twenty-seventh 
Congress  (March  4,  1841-March  3,  1843);  member 
of  the  state  house  of  representatives  in  1844;  died 
in  Schenectady,  N.  Y.,  October  10,  1857. 

Linn,  James,  a  Representative  from  New  Jer- 
sey; born  in  Somerset  county,  N.  J.,  in  1750;  was 
graduated  from  Princeton  college  in  1769;  studied 
law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  practiced;  cap- 
tain first  battalion  of  Somerset  county  militia  in 
1776;  first  major  1776-1781;  member  of  New  Jersey 
assembly  1776,  1793-1797;  elected  as  a  Democrat 
to  the  Sixth  Congress  (March  4,  1799-March  3, 
1801);  appointed  by  President  Jefferson  supervisor 
of  the  revenue  1801-1809;  secretary  of  state  of  New 
Jersey  1809-1821 ;  died  in  Trenton,  N.  J.,  December 
29,  1820. 

T.iTm?  John,  a  Representative  from  New  Jersey; 
born  in  Hardwick  township,  Warren  county,  N.  J., 
December  3,  1763;  moved  with  his  father  to  Sussex 
county,  N.  J.;  attended  common  schools;  judge  of 
the  court  of  common  pleas  1805-1821 ;  elected  to  the 
Fifteenth  and  Sixteenth  Congresses,  and  served 
from  March  4,  1817,  until  his  death  in  Washington, 
D.  C.,  January  5, 1821;  interment  in  Sussex  county, 
N.  J. 

Linn,  Lewis  Fields,  a  Senator  from  Missouri; 
born  near  Louisville,  Ky.,  November  5,  1795;  pur- 
sued an  academic  course;  studied  medicine;  served 
in  the  war  of  1812;  commenced  practice  in  Ste. 
Genevieve,  Mo.  Terr.,  in  1815;  member  of  the  state 
senate  in  1827;  appointed  in  1832  on  the  French 
land-claims  commission  in  Missouri;  appointed  as 
a  Democrat  to  the  United  States  Senate,  to  fill 
vacancy  caused  by  the  death  of  Alexander  Buck- 
ner;  three  times  reelected,  and  served  from  October 
25,  1833,  until  his  death  in  Ste.  Genevieve,  Mo., 
October  3,  1843. 

Linney,  Romulus  Zachariah,  a  Representa- 
tive from  North  Carolina;  born  in  Rutherford 
county,  N.  C.,  December  26,  1841;  attended  the 
common  schools,  York's  collegiate  institute,  and 
Doctor  Millen's  school  in  Taylorsville,  N.  C. ;  served 
in  the  Confederate  army  until  the  battle  of  Chan- 
cellorsville,  where  he  was  severely  wounded; 
returned  to  Taylorsville  and  joined  a  class  in  Doc- 
tor Millen's  school;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to 
the  bar  by  the  supreme  court  in  1868,  and  practiced 


BIOGEAPHIES. 


811 


in  Taylorsyille;  elected  to  the  state  senate  in  1870, 
1873,  and  in  1882;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the 
Fifty-fourth,  Fifty-fifth,  and  Fifty-sixth  Congresses 
(March  4,  1895-March  3,  1901);  died  in  Taylors- 
ville,  N.  C.,  April  15,  1910. 

Linton,  William  Seelye,  a  Representative  from 
Michigan;  born  in  St.  Glair,  Mich.,  February  4, 
1856;  moved  with  his  parents  to  Saginaw,  Mich.; 
attended  the  public  schools;  engaged  as  a  store  clerk 
in  Farwell,  Mich.;  member  of  Bay  county  board  of 
supervisors;  again  moved  to  Saginaw  in  1879;  en- 
gaged in  the  lumber  and  salt  business;  elected  a 
member  of  the  East  Saginaw  common  council  in 
1883,  served  two  terms;  representative  in  the  state 
legislature  1887-1888;  candidate  for  lieutenant 
governor  on  the  Republican  state  ticket  in  1890; 
president  of  the  Saginaw  water  board;  mayor  of 
Saginaw  1892-1894;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the 
Fifty-third  and  Fifty-fourth  Congresses  (March  4, 
1893-March  3,  1897);  appointed  postmaster  of  Sagi- 
naw, Mich.,  by  President  McKinley  March  22, 
1898,  and  recommissioned  three  times;  president 
Saginaw  board  of  trade  1905-1911. 

Lisle,  Marcus  Claiborne,  a  Representative 
from  Kentucky;  born  in  Clark  county,  Ky.,  Sep- 
tember 23,  1862;  attended  the  common  schools  and 
Kentucky  university;  was  graduated  from  Colum- 
bia college  law  school,  New  York;  was  admitted  to 
the  bar,  and  commenced  practice  in  Winchester, 
Ky.,  in  1887;  elected  county  judge  of  Clark  county, 
Ky.,  in  1890;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Fifty- 
third  Congress,  and  served  from  March  4,  1893, 
until  his  death  in  Winchester,  Ky.,  July  7,  1894. 

Litchfield,  Elisha,  a  Representative  from  New 
York;  born  in  Canterbury,  Conn.,  July  12,  1785, 
attended  the  common  schools;  learned  the  car- 
penter's trade;  moved  to  Pompey  (now  Delphi), 
N.  Y.,  in  1812;  appointed  postmaster;  became  a 
merchant;  member  of  the  state  house  of  repre- 
sentatives in  1819,  and  again  in  1831,  1832,  1833, 
1844,  and  1848,  and  served  as  speaker  of  the  house 
in  1848;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Seventeenth 
and  Eighteenth  Congresses  (March  4, 1821-March  3, 
1825);  moved  to  Cazenovia,  N.  Y.,  in  1838,  and 
died  there,  August  4,  1859. 

Littauer,  Lucius  Nathan,  a  Representative 
from  New  York;  born  in  Gloversville,  N.  Y.,  Jan- 
uary 20,  1859;  moved  to  New  York  City  in  1865; 
attended  the  Charlier  institute;  was  graduated  from 
Harvard  university  in  1878;  member  of  Harvard 
university  crew  and  university  football  team;  en- 
gaged in  the  glove-manufacturing  business  in 
Gloversville;  officer  and  director  of  many  commer- 
•cial  and  financial  institutions;  elected  as  a  Repub- 
lican to  the  Fifty-fifth,  and  to  the  four  succeeding 
Congresses  (March  4,  1899-March  3,  1907);  delegate 
in  the  Republican  national  conventions  of  1904  and 
1908 ;  regent  of  the  University  of  the  State  of  New 
York  in  1912;  resumed  the  glove  manufacturing 
business,  and  resides  in  Gloversville,  N.  Y. 

Little,  Edward  Preble,  a  Representative  from 
Massachusetts;  born  in  Marshfield,  Mass.,  Novem- 
ber 7,  1791;  attended  the  public  schools;  served  in 
the  war  of  1812;  state  representative  from  Marsh- 
field  1829-1834  and  1835-1838;  elected  as  a  Demo- 
crat to  the  Thirty-second  Congress,  to  fill  vacancy 
caused  by  the  death  of  Orrin  Fowler,  and  served 
from  December  30,  1852,  to  March  3,  1853;  customs 
collector  at  the  port  of  Plymouth,  Mass.,  1853-1857; 
died  in  Lynn,  Mass.,  February  6,  1875. 


Little,  John,  a  Representative  from  Ohio;  born 
in  Ross  township,  Greene  county,  Ohio,  April  25, 
1837;  attended  common  school,  and  was  graduated 
from  Antioch  college  in  1862;  studied  law,  was  ad- 
mitted to  the  bar  in  1865,  and  practiced  in  Xenia, 
Ohio;  twice  elected  prosecuting  attorney  of  Greene 
county,  1866  and  1868;  elected  to  the  house  of  rep- 
resentatives of  Ohio,  1869  and  1871;  attorney  gen- 
eral of  Ohio  two  terms;  elected  as  a  Republican  to 
the  Forty-ninth  Congress  (March  4,  1885-March  3, 
1887);  appointed  by  President  Harrison  a  member 
of  the  United  States  and  Venezuela  claims  commis- 
sion in  1889  and  was  its  chairman;  member  Ohio 
state  board  of  arbitration ;  trustee  of  Antioch  college 
1880-1900;  died  in  Xenia,  Ohio,  October  18,  1900. 

Little,  John  Sebastian,  a  Representative  from 
Arkansas;  born  in  Jenny  Lind,  Sebastian  county, 
Ark.,  March  15,  1853;  attended  the  common  schools 
and  Cane  Hill  college,  Arkansas;  studied  law,  was 
admitted  to  the  bar  in  1874,  and  practiced  in  Green- 
wood, Ark.;  elected  district  attorney  in  1877,  and 
reelected  for  four  successive  terms;  elected  a  rep- 
resentative to  the  legislature  in  1884;  elected  circuit 
judge  for  a  term  of  four  years  in  1886;  chosen  chair- 
man of  the  state  judicial  convention  in  1893 ;  elected 
as  a  Democrat  to  the  Fifty-third  Congress,  to  fill 
vacancy  caused  by  the  resignation  of  Clifton  R. 
Breckinridge;  reelected  to  the  six  succeeding  Con- 
gresses, and  served  from  December  3,  1894,  until 
January  14,  1907,  when  he  resigned  to  become  gov- 
ernor of  Arkansas;  after  being  sworn  in  as  governor 
in  January,  1906,  suffered  a  physical  and  mental 
breakdown,  from  which  he  had  not  fully  recovered 
in  1912. 

Little,  Joseph  James,  a  Representative  from 
New  York;  born  in  Bristol,  England,  June  5,  1841; 
came  with  his  parents  to  the  United  States  in  1846, 
and  settled  in  Morris,  Otsego  county,  N.  Y.;  at- 
tended the  common  schools;  apprenticed  to  the 
local  printer,  and  entered  a  New  York  book- 
printing  office  to  complete  his  trade;  served  in  the 
Union  army,  1862-1864,  as  corporal,  first  sergeant, 
and  first  lieutenant;  established  a  printing  business 
in  1867;  member  of  the  board  of  education,  and  of 
the  New  York  world's  fair  committee;  elected  as 
a  Democrat  to  the  Fifty-second  Congress,  to  fill 
vacancy  caused  by  the  resignation  of  Roswell  P. 
Flower,  and  served  from  December  7,  1891,  to 
March  3,  1893;  declined  a  renomination;  commis- 
sioner of  education,  and  president  of  the  board  of 
education  in  New  York  City;  engaged  in  the  print- 
ing and  publishing  business  in  New  York  City. 

Little,  Peter,  a  Representative  from  Maryland; 
born  in  Petersburg,  Pa.,  in  1775;  attended  the 
common  schools,  and  became  a  mechanic;  moved 
to  Freedom,  Baltimore  county,  Md.;  elected 
as  a  Democrat  to  the  Twelfth  Congress  (March  4, 
1811-March  3,  1813);  commissioned  colonel  of  the 
thirty-eighth  Maryland  infantry  and  served  from 
May  19,  1813  to  June  15,  1815;  reelected  to  the 
Fourteenth  Congress,  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by 
the  resignation  of  William  Pinckney;  reelected  to 
the  Fifteenth,  and  to  the  five  succeeding  Con- 
gresses, and  served  from  December  2,  1816,  to 
March  3,  1829;  died  in  Freedom,  Baltimore  county, 
Md.,  Februarys,  1830. 

Littlefleld,  Charles  Edgar,  a  Representative 
from  Maine;  born  in  Lebanon,  York  county,  Me., 
June  21,  1851;  attended  the  common  schools  and 
Foxcroft  academy ;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the 
bar  in  1876,  and  practiced  in  Rockland,  Me.;  mem- 
ber of  the  Maine  legislature  in  1885,  and  speaker  of 


812 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 


the  house  in  1887;  attorney  general  of  the  state 
1889-1893;  chairman  of  the  Maine  delegation  in 
the  Republican  national  conventions  of  1892  and 
1896;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Fi'fty -sixth 
Congress  June  19,  1899,  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by 
the  death  of  Nelson  Dingley ;  reelected  to  the  Fifty- 
seventh,  Fifty-eighth,  and  Fifty-ninth,  and  Six- 
tieth Congresses,  and  served  from  December  4, 
1899,  until  September  30,  1908,  when  he  resigned; 
moved  to  New  York  City,  and  engaged  in  the 
practice  of  law. 

Littlefield,  Nathaniel,  Swett,  a  Representa- 
tive from  Maine;  born  in  Wells,  Me.,  September  20, 
1804;  attended  the  common  scholos;  studied  law, 
was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  practiced  in  Alfred, 
and  in  Bridgeton,  Me. ;  state  senator  1831-1839,  and 
president  of  the  senate  in  1838;  elected  as  a  Demo- 
crat to  the  Twenty-seventh  Congress  (March  4, 
1841-March  3,  1843);  and  as  a  Cass  Democrat  to  the 
Thirty-first  Congress  (March  4, 1849-March  3, 1851) ; 
state  representative  in  1854;  delegate  in  the  Union 
convention  in  Philadelphia,  Pa.,  in  1866;  died  in 
Bridgeton,  Me.,  August  15,  1882. 

Little  John,  De  Witt  Clinton,  a  Representative 
from  New  York;  born  in  Bridgewater,  Oneida 
county,  N.  Y.,  February  7,  1818;  pursued  an  aca- 
demic course;  engaged  in  mercantile  business  and 
in  the  manufacture  of  flour  in  Oswego,  N .  Y . ;  mayor 
of  the  city,  1849-1850;  member  of  the  state  house  of 
representatives,  1853,  1854,  1855,  1857,  1859,  1860, 
and  1861,  and  served  five  years  as  speaker  of  the 
house,  1859-1861, 1866-1867,  and  1870-1871;  served 
in  the  Civil  war;  colonel  of  the  one  hundred  and 
tenth  New  York  infantry  August  25,  1862;  brevet 
brigadier  general  of  volunteers  March  13,  1865, 
"for  valuable  services  during  the  war;"  resigned 
February  3,  1863;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the 
Thirty-eighth  Congress  (March  4,  1863-March  3, 
1865);  again  a  member  or  the  state  house  of  repre- 
sentatives, 1866,  1867,  1870,  1871,  and  1884;  died 
in  Oswego,  N.  Y.,  October  27,  1892. 

Lively,  Robert  M.,  a  Representative  from 
Texas;  born  in  Fayetteville,  Ark.,  January  6, 1855; 
moved  with  his  parents  to  Texas  in  1864;  attended 
private  schools  of  eastern  Texas;  studied  law,  was 
admitted  to  the  bar  in  Kaufman,  Kaufman  county, 
Tex.,  in  1876,  and  practiced  in  Canton,  Van  Zandt 
county,  for  many  years;  county  attorney  and 
county  judge  of  Van  Zandt  county;  elected  as  a 
Democrat  to  the  Sixty-first  Congress,  to  fill  vacancy 
caused  by  the  resignation  of  Gordon  Russell,  and 
served  from  December  5,  1910,  to  March  3,  1911; 
resumed  the  practice  of  law  in  Canton,  Tex. 

LLvermore,  Arthur,  a  Representative  from 
New  Hampshire;  born  in  Londonderry,  N.  H., 
July  26,  1776;  received  classical  instruction  from 
his  parents;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar, 
and  practiced  in  Concord  and  Chester,  N.  H.; 
representative  and  state  senator;  solicitor  for  Rock- 
ingham  county  1796-1798;  returned  to  Holderness, 
N.  H.,  in  1798;  associate  justice  of  the  superior 
court  1799-1809;  chief  justice  1809-1813;  associate 
justice  of  the  state  supreme  court  1813-1816;  presi- 
dential elector  on  the  Federalist  ticket  in  1800; 
elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Fifteenth  and  Six- 
teenth Congresses  (March  4,  1817-March  3,  1821); 
reelected  to  the  Eighteenth  Congress  (March  4, 1823 
1823-March  3,  1825);  judge  of  probate  for  Grafton 
county  1822-1823;  chief  justice  of  the  court  of 
common  pleas  1825-1833;  died  in  Campton,  N.  H., 
July  1,  1853. 


Livermore,  Edward  St.  Joe,  a  Representative 
from  Massachusetts;  born  in  Portsmouth,  N.  H.T 
April  5,  1762;  pursued  classical  studies;  studied 
law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced 
practice  in  Concord,  N.  H.,  in  1783,  and  later  prac- 
ticed in  Portsmouth,  N.  H.;  United  States  dis- 
trict attorney  1789-1797;  state  solicitor  for  Rock- 
ingham  county  1791-1793;  associate  justice  of  the 
state  supreme  court  1797-1799;  naval  officer  for 
port  of  Portsmouth  1799-1802;  moved  to  Newber- 
ryport,  Mass.,  in  1802;  elected  to  the  Tenth  and 
Eleventh  Congresses  (March  4,  1807-March  3, 
1811);  moved  to  Boston,  Mass.,  in  1811,  to  Zanes- 
ville,  Ohio,  in  1815,  back  to  Boston,  and  then  to 
Tewksbury,  Mass.,  where  he  died  September  15. 
1832. 

Livermore,  Samuel,  a  Delegate,  a  Representa- 
tive, and  a  Senator  from  New  Hampshire;  born  in 
Walthem,  Mass.,  May  14,  1732;  was  graduated  from 
Nassau  Hall,  Princeton,  N.  J.,  in  1752;  studied 
law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1756,  and  com- 
menced practice  in  Waltham,  Mass.;  moved  to 
Portsmouth,  N.  H.,  in  1758;  member  of  the  general 
court  from  Londonderry  1768-1770;  moved  to 
Holderness  in  1775;  state  attorney  for  three  years; 
Delegate  in  the  Continental  Congress  1780  to  his 
resignation,  June  21,  1782,  and  again  in  1785;  chief 
justice  of  the  state  supreme  court  1782-1789; 
elected  to  the  First  and  Second  Congresses  (March 
4,  1789-March  3,  1793);  president  of  the  state 
constitutional  convention  of  1791;  elected,  and 
reelected  to  the  United  States  Senate,  and  served 
from  March  4,  1793,  until  his  resignation  June  12, 
1801;  died  in  Holderness,  N.  H.,  May  18,  1803. 

de  Nevenais  (Livernash),  Edward  James,  a 
Representative  from  California;  born  in  Lower 
Calveritas,  a  California  mining  camp,  February 
14,  1866;  attended  common  schools;  became  a 
printer  at  fifteen,  and  a  year  later  founded  a  coun- 
try newspaper;  studied  law  and  was  admitted  to 
the  bar;  joined  the  editorial  staff  of  the  San  Fran- 
cisco Examiner;  elected  as  a  Democrat,  indorsed 
by  the  Union  Labor  party,  to  the  Fifty-eighth  Con- 
gress (March  4,  1903-March  3,  1905);  located  in 
Denver,  Colo.,  and  was  editor  of  the  Denver  News; 
moved  to  Belmont,  near  San  Francisco,  Cal.,  and 
engaged  in  literary  pursuits.  By  a  decree  of 
court,  after  his  Congressional  service,  he  resumed 
the  French  form  of  the  family  name. 

Livingston,  Edward,  a  Representative  from 
New  York,  and  a  Representative  and  Senator  from 
Louisiana;  born  in  Clermont,  Livingston  Manor, 
N.  Y.,  May  26,  1764;  was  graduated  from  Princeton 
college  in  1781;  studied  law  in  Albany,  N.  Y.,  was 
admitted  to  the  bar  in  1785,  and  commenced  prac- 
tice in  New  York  City;  elected  as  a  Democrat  from 
New  York  to  the  Fourth,  Fifth,  and  Sixth  Con- 
gresses (March  4,  1795-March  3,  1801);  United 
States  district  attorney  March  27,  1801,  to  July 
25,  180*3;  mayor  of  New  York  City  1801-1803; 
moved  to  New  Orleans,  La.,  in  1804,  and  engaged 
in  the  practice  of  law,  and  in  the  real  estate  busi- 
ness; author  of  a  legal  code  for  Louisiana;  served 
at  the  battle  of  New  Orleans  upon  the  staff  of  Gen- 
eral Jackson;  in  1815;  member  of  the  state  legis- 
lature in  1820;  elected  as  a  Democrat  from  Louisi- 
ana to  the  Eighteenth,  Nineteenth  and  Twentieth 
Congresses  (March  4,  1823-March  3,  1829);  elected 
to  the  United  States  Senate  and  served  from  March 
4,  1829,  until  May  24,  1831,  when  he  resigned;  Sec- 
retary of  State  May  24,  1831,  to  May  29,  1833; 
minister  plenipotentiary  to  France  May  29,  1833, 


BIOGEAPHIES. 


813 


to  April  28,  1835;  inherited  from  his  sister  "Mont- 
gomery Place"  on  the  Hudson  river,  Barrytown, 
Duchess  county,  N.Y.,  and  died  there  May  23,  1836 

Livingston,  Henry  Walter,  a  Representative 
from  New  York;  born  in  Linlithgo,  N.  Y.,  in  1768; 
was  graduated  from  Yale  college  in  1786;  studied 
law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced 
practice  in  New  York  City;  private  secretary  to 
Gouverneur  Morris,  minister  plenipotentiary  to 
Paris,  France,  1792-1794;  judge  of  the  court  of 
common  pleas  of  Columbia  county,  N.  Y.;  mem- 
ber of  the  state  house  of  representatives  in  1802 
and  1810;  elected  to  the  Eighth  and  Ninth  Con- 
gresses (March  4,  1803-March  3,  1807);  died  in 
Livingston  Manor,  Linlithgo,  N.  Y.,  December  22, 
1810. 

Livingston,  Leonidas  Felix,  a  Representative 
from  Georgia;  born  in  Newton  county,  Ga.,  April 
3,  1832;  attended  the  common  schools;  engaged  in 
farming;  private  soldier  in  the  Confederate  army 
from  August,  1861,  to  May,  1865;  reengaged  in 
farming  in  Kings  county,  Ga.;  elected  to  the  state 
house  of  representatives  1876-1877;  and  1879-1881; 
member  of  the  state  senate  1882-1883;  vice  presi- 
dent of  the  Georgia  state  agricultural  society  for 
eleven  years,  and  president  four  years;  president 
of  the  Georgia  state  alliance  for  three  years;  elected 
as  a  Democrat  to  the  Fifty-second,  and  to  the  nine 
succeeding  Congresses  (March  4,  1891-March  3, 
1911);  died  in  Washington,  D.  C.,  February  11, 
1912. 

Livingston,  Philip,  a  Delegate  from  New  York; 
born  in  Albany,  N.  Y.,  January  15,  1716;  was 
graduated  from  Yale  college  in  1737;  merchant  in 
New  York  City;  alderman  1754-1762;  member  of 
the  provincial  house  of  representatives  1763-1769, 
and  served  as  speaker  in  1768;  member  of  the 
New  York  committee  of  correspondence;  delegate 
in  the  Stamp  Act  congress  of  October,  1765;  regis- 
ter in  chancery  1768-1769;  Delegate  in  the  Conti- 
nental Congress  1774-1778;  a  signer  of  the  Decla- 
ration of  Independence;  president  of  the  New 
York  provincial  convention  in  1775;  member  of  the 
state  house  of  representatives  in  1776;  served  in 
the  state  senate  1777;  prominent  in  commercial 
and  educational  societies;  died  while  attending 
the  sixth  session  of  the  Continental  Congress  in 
York,  Pa.,  June  123  1778. 

Livingston,  Robert  Le  Roy,  a  Representative 
from  New  York;  born  in  Claverack,  Columbia 
county,  N.  Y.;  was  graduated  from  Princeton  col- 
lege in  1784 ;  elected  as  a  Federalist  to  the  Eleventh 
and  Twelfth  Congresses,  and  served  from  March  4, 
1809,  to  May  6,  1812,  when  he  resigned;  was  com- 
missioned first  lieutenant  of  the  twelfth  United 
States  infantry  January  14,  1799;  honorably  dis- 
charged June  15,  1800;  participated  in  the  War  of 
1812;  lieutenant  colonel  of  the  twenty -third  infan- 
try May  29,  1812;  resigned  February  1,  1813. 

Livingston,  Robert  R.,  a  Delegate  from  New 
York;  born  in  New  York  City,  November  27,  1746; 
was  graduated  from  King's  college  in  1765;  studied 
law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1773,  and  com- 
menced practice  in  New  York  City;  city  recorder 
1773-1775;  member  of  the  provincial  convention  of 
1775;  Delegate  in  the  Continental  Congress  1775- 
1777  and  1779-1781;  one  of  the  committee  of  five 
appointed  to  draw  up  the  Declaration  of  Independ- 
ence, but  returned  to  duties  in  the  provincial 
assembly  before  it  was  signed;  secretary  of  foreign 
affairs  August,  1781,  to  August,  1783;  delegate  to 


the  state  constitutional  convention  in  April,  1777; 
chancellor  of  New  York  state  1777-1801,  and  admin- 
istered the  oath  of  office  to  President  Washington, 
April  30,  1789;  defeated- by  John  Jay  for  governor 
of  New  York  in  1798;  minister  plenipotentiary  to 
France  1801-1804;  prominent  in  local  affairs; 
assisted  Robert  Fulton  and  was  his  backer  and 
partner  in  constructing  the  first  steamboats;  died 
in  Clermont,  N.  Y.,  February  26,  1813. 

Livingston,  Walter,  a  Delegate  from  New  York ; 
born  in  1740;  delegate  in  the  provincial  conven- 
tion held  in  New  York  in  April  and  May,  1775; 
deputy  to  the  first  provincial  congress,  May  to 
November,  1775;  judge  of  Albany  county  1774- 
1775;  member  of  the  state  house  of  representatives 
1777-1779;  and  served  as  speaker;  member  of  the 
New  York  and  Massachusetts  boundary  commis- 
sion in  1784;  regent  of  the  university  of  New  York 
1784-1787;  Delegate  to  the  Continental  Congress 
1784-1785;  appointed  commissioner  of  the  United 
States  treasury  in  1785;  died  in  New  York  City 
May  14,  1797. 

Livingston,  William,  a  Delegate  from  New  Jer- 
sey; born  in  Albany,  N.  Y.,  November  30,  1723; 
was  graduated  from  Yale  college  in  1741;  studied 
law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar  October  14,  1748,  and 
commenced  practice  in  New  York;  established  and 
edited  the  Independent  Reflector  in  1752;  a  com- 
missioner to  adjust  the  boundary  line  beween  New 
York  and  Massachusetts  in  1754,  and  subsequently 
between  New  York  and  New  Jersey  in  1764;  mem- 
ber of  the  provincial  assembly  from  Livingston 
Manor  1759-1761;  moved  to  Elizabeth  town,  N.  J., 
in  1772;  Delegate  in  the  Continental  Congress  1774- 
1776;  brigadier  general  of  militia  in  1775;  ap- 
pointed one  of  the  commissioners  to  superintend 
the  construction  of  Federal  buildings  in  1785,  but 
declined,  as  he  did  the  appointment  to  be  minister 
to  The  Hague,  tendered  June  23,  1785;  governor  of 
New  Jersey  1776-1790;  delegate  to  the  Federal  con- 
stitutional convention  in  1787;  died  in  Elizabeth, 
N.  J.,  July  25,  1790. 

Lloyd,  Edward,  a  Delegate  from  Maryland; 
born  in  "Wye  House,"  Talbot  county,  Md.,  De- 
cember 15,  1744;  member  of  the  lower  house  in  the 
general  assembly  of  Maryland  in  1771  and  1773; 
member  of  the  provisional  committee  and  commit- 
tee of  safety  for  the  eastern  shore  in  1775;  member 
of  the  house  of  delegates  1777,  of  the  governor's 
council,  1777-1779;  Delegate  to  the  Continental 
Congress  1783-1784;  died  in  '  'Wye  House, "  Talbot 
county,  Md.,  July  8,  1796. 

Lloyd,  Edward,  a  Representative  and  a  Senator 
from  Maryland;  born  in  Talbot  county,  Md.,  July 
22,  1779;  member  of  state  assembly  1800-1805; 
elected  to  the  Ninth  Congress,  to  fill  vacancy  caused 
by  the  resignation  of  Joseph  H.  Nicholson;  re- 
elected  to  the  Tenth  Congress,  and  served  from 
December  3,  1806,  to  March  4,  1809;  governor  of 
Maryland  1809-1811;  elected  to  the  United  States 
Senate  and  served  from  March  4,  1819,  until  Janu- 
ary, 1826,  when  he  resigned;  president  of  the  state 
senate  1826-1831;  died  in  Annapolis,  Md.,  June  2, 
1834. 

Lloyd,  James,  a  Senator  from  Maryland;  native 
of  Maryland;  pursued  classical  studies;  elected  to 
the  United  States  Senate,  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by 
the  resignation  of  John  Henry,  and  served  from 
January  11,  1797,  until  his  resignation,  December 
1,  1800. 


814 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIEECTORY. 


Lloyd,  James,  a  Senator  from  Massachusetts; 
born  in  Boston,  Mass.,  in  1769;  was  graduated  from 
Harvard  college  in  1787;  became  a  merchant,  and 
was  interested  in  foreign  trade;  returned  to  Boston; 
a  representative  in  the  state  legislative  body  1800- 
1801,  and  a  state  senator  in  1804;  elected  as  a  Feder- 
alist to  the  United  States  Senate,  to  fill  vacancy 
caused  by  the  resignation  of  John  Quincy  Adams; 
reelected,  and  served  from  June  9,  1808,  to  May  1, 
1813,  when  he  resigned;  again  elected  to  the 
United  States  Senate,  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  the 
resignation  of  Harrison  Gray  Otis;  reelected,  and 
served  from  June  5,  1822,  to  May  23,  1826,  when  he 
resigned;  moved  to  Philadelphia,  Pa.,  in  1826; 
died  in  New  York  City,  April  5,  1831. 

Lloyd,  James  Tilghman,  a  Representative 
from  Missouri;  born  in  Canton,  Lewis  county,  Au- 
gust 28,  1857;  was  graduated  from  Christian  univer- 
sity in  Canton,  Mo.,  in  1878;  taught  school;  studied 
law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  practiced  in 
Lewis  county,  Mo.,  1883-1885;  moved  to  Shelby- 
ville,  Mo.,  in  1885;  prosecuting  attorney  of  Shelby 
county  1889-1893;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the 
Fifty-fifth  Congress,  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  the 
death  of  Richard  P.  Giles,  which  occurred  before 
the  beginning  of  the  Congress;  reelected  to  the 
Fifty-sixth,  and  to  the  five  succeeding  Congresses, 
and  served  from  March  4,  1897,  to  March  3,  1911. 
Reelected  to  the  Sixty -second  Congress. 

Loan,  Benjamin  Franklin,  a  Representative 
from  Missouri;  born  in  Hardinsburg,  Ky.,  October 
4,  1819;  pursued  an  academic  course;  studied  law 
in  Kentucky;  moved  to  St.  Joseph,  Mo.,  in  1838; 
was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1840,  and  practiced  in 
St.  Joseph;  served  in  the  Union  army;  commis- 
sioned brigadier  general  of  Missouri  state  militia  in 
the  service  of  the  United  States  November  27, 1861 ; 
honorably  discharged  June  8,  1863;  elected  as  an 
Emancipationist  to  the  Thirty-eighth  and  Thirty- 
ninth  Congresses  (March  4,  1863-March  3,  1867); 
and  as  a  Radical  to  the  Fortieth  Congress  (March  4, 
1867-March  3,  1869);  appointed  by  President 
Grant  a  visitor  to  the  United  States  military  acad- 
emy in  1869;  died  in  St.  Joseph,  Mo.,  March  30, 
1881. 

Locke,  John,  a  Representative  from  Massachu- 
setts; born  in  Hopkinton,  Mass.,  February  14, 1764; 
attended  Andover  academy  and  Dartmouth  col- 
lege, and  was  graduated  from  Harvard  college  in 
1792;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and 
commenced  practice  in  Ashby  in  1796;  member  of 
the  state  house  of  representatives  1804-1805,  1813, 
and  1823;  delegate  in  the  state  constitutional  con- 
vention of  1820;  elected  to  the  Eighteenth,  Nine- 
teenth, and  Twentieth  Congresses  (March  4,  1823- 
March  3,  1829);  member  of  state  senate  in  1830, 
and  of  the  executive  council  in  1831;  moved  to 
Lowell,  Mass.,  in  1837,  and  to  Boston  in  1849;  died 
in  Boston,  Mass.,  March  29,  1855. 

Locke,  Matthew,  a  Representative  from  North 
Carolina;  born  near  Salisbury,  Rowan  county, 
N.  C.,  in  1730;  treasury  commissioner  of  the  colony 
of  North  Carolina  in  1771;  member  of  the  house  of 
commons  of  North  Carolina  1775-1793;  of  the  state 
constitutional  convention  in  1776;  a  brigadier  gen- 
eral of  North  Carolina  troops  during  the  Revolu- 
tionary war;  elected  to  the  Third,  Fourth,  and 
Fifth  Congresses  (March  4,  1793-March  3,  1799); 
defeated  for  the  Sixth  Congress;  died  in  Salisbury, 
N.  C.,  September  7,  1801. 


Lockhart.  James,  a  Representative  from  Indi- 
ana; born  in  Auburn,  N.  Y.,  February  13,  1806; 
moved  to  Indiana  in  1832;  studied  law,  was  ad- 
mitted to  the  bar,  and  commenced  practice  in 
Evansville,  Ind.,  in  1834;  prosecuting  attorney  of 
Vanderburg  county  1841-1842;  judge  of  the  fourth 
judicial  district  1845-1851;  delegate  in  the  state 
constitutional  convention  of  1850;  elected  as  a 
Democrat  to  the  Thirty-second  Congress  (March  4, 
1851-March  3,  1853);  reelected  to  the  Thirty-fifth 
Congress,  but  died  before  the  assembling  of  the 
Congress,  in  Evansville,  Ind.,  September  7,  1857. 

Lockhart,  James  Alexander,  a  Representa- 
tive from  North  Carolina;  born  in  Anson  county, 
N.  C.,  June  2,  1850;  attended  country  schools,  and 
was  graduated  from  Trinity  college,  North  Carolina, 
June,  1873;  studied  law  in  Charlotte,  N.  C.,  and 
was  licensed  to  practice  in  1874;  settled  in  Wades- 
boro,  where  he  practiced  his  profession;  mayor  in 
1875;  elected  to  the  house  of  representatives  of  the 
general  assembly  in  1878,  and  to  the  state  senate  in 
1880;  presented  credentials  as  a  Democratic  mem- 
ber-elect to  the  Fifty-fourth  Congress,  and  served 
from  March  4,  1895,  to  June  5,  1896,  when  he  was 
succeeded  by  Charles  H.  Martin,  who  contested  his 
election;  resumed  the  practice  of  law  in  Wades- 
boro,  N.  C.;  died  in  Charlotte,  N.  C.,  December  24, 
1905. 

Lockwood,  Daniel  Newton,  a  Representative 
from  New  York;  born  in  Hamburg,  Erie  county, 
N.  Y.,  June  1,  1844;  was  graduated  from  Union  col- 
lege, Schenectady,  N.  Y.,  in  1865;  studied  law,  was 
admitted  to  the  bar  in  May,  1866,  and  practiced  in 
Buffalo,  N.  Y.;  district  attorney  for  Erie  county 
1874-1877;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Forty-fifth 
Congress  (March  4,  1877-March  3,  1879);  delegate 
in  the  Democratic  national  conventions  of  1880, 
1884,  and  1896;  United  States  attorney  for  the 
northern  district  of  New  York  from  October,  1886, 
to  June,  1889,  when  he  resigned;  reelected  as  a 
Democrat  to  the  Fifty-second  and  Fifty-third  Con- 
gresses (March  4, 1891-March  3,  1895);  resumed  the 
practice  of  law  in  Buffalo,  N.  Y.;  general  manager 
from  New  York  at  the  Pan  American  exposition  in 
1901;  died  in  Buffalo,  N.  Y.,  June  1,  1906. 

Lodge,  Henry  Cabot,  a  Representative  and  a 
Senator  from  Massachusetts;  born  in  Boston,  Mass., 
May  12,  1850;  attended  a  private  school,  and  was 
graduated  from  Harvard  college  in  1871;  studied 
law  in  the  Harvard  law  school,  and  was  graduated 
in  1875;  admitted  to  the  Suffolk  bar  in  1876;  in  the 
same  year  received  the  degree  of  Ph.  D.  from  Har- 
vard university  for  his  thesis  on  "The  Land  Law  of 
the  Anglo-Saxons; "  devoted  himself  largely  to  lit- 
erature; published,  1877,  Life  and  Letters  of  George 
Cabot;  1881,  Short  History  of  the  English  Colonies 
in  America;  1882,  Life  of  Alexander  Hamilton; 
1883,  Life  of  Daniel  Webster;  1885,  edited  the 
works  of  Alexander  Hamilton  in  nine  volumes; 
published,  in  1886,  Studies  in  History;  1889,  Life 
of  Washington,  two  volumes;  1891,  History  of  Bos- 
ton (in  the  Historic  Towns  Series,  published  by  the 
Longmans);  1892,  Historical  and  Political  Essays, 
and  a  volume  of  selections  from  speeches;  1895,  in 
conjunction  with  Theodore  Roosevelt,  Hero  Tales  , 
from  American  History;  1897,  Certain  Acceptde 
Heroes,  and  other  essays;  1898,  Story  of  the  Revo- 
lution, two  volumes;  1899,  Story  of  the  Spanish 
War;  1902,  A  Fighting  Frigate,  and  other  essays; 
member  of  the  Massachusetts  historical  society,  of 
the  Virginia  historical  society,  of  the  American 
academy  of  arts  and  sciences,  of  the  New  England 


BIOGRAPHIES. 


815 


historic  and  genealogical  society,  and  of  the  Ameri- 
can antiquarian  society;  received  the  degree  of 
doctor  of  laws  from  Williams  college,  Clark  univer- 
sity, Yale,  and  Harvard;  permanent  chairman  of 
the  Republican  national  convention  which  met  in 
Philadelphia  June  19,  1900;  served  two  terms  as 
member  of  the  house  of  representatives  of  the  Massa- 
chusetts legislature;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the 
Fiftieth,  Fifty-first,  and  Fifty -second  Congresses 
and  served  from  March  4,  1887,  to  March  3,  1893, 
when  he  resigned;  elected  to  the  United  States 
Senate  January  17,  1893;  reelected  in  1899,  1905, 
and  in  1911  for  the  term  expiring  March  4,  1917; 
was  chairman  of  the  committee  on  resolutions  in 
the  Republican  national  convention  in  Chicago, 
1904,  and  permanent  chairman  of  the  Republican 
national  convention  of  1908. 

Lofland,  James  Rush,  a  Representative  from 
Delaware;  born  in  Milford,  Del.,  November  2, 
1823;  was  graduated  from  Delaware  college  in  1845; 
studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  com- 
menced practice  in  Milford;  secretary  of  the  state 
senate  in  1849;  member  of  the  state  constitutional 
convention  of  1853;  secretary  of  state  of  Delaware 
1855-1859;  paymaster  in  the  United  States  army 
1863-1867;  delegate  in  the  Republican  national 
convention  of  1872;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the 
Forty-third  Congress  (March  4, 1873-March  3, 1875); 
died  in  Milford,  Kent  county,  Del.,  February  10, 
1894. 

Logan,  George,  a  Senator  from  Pennsylvania; 
born  in  Stenton,  Pa.,  September  9,  1753;  pursued 
classical  studies ;  was  graduated  from  the  Edinburg 
medical  school  in  1779;  devoted  himself  to  scien- 
tific farming;  state  representative;  appointed,  and 
subsequently  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  United 
States  Senate,  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  the  resig- 
nation of  Peter  Muhlenburg,  and  served  from 
July  13,  1801,  to  March  3,  1807;  went  to  England 
in  1810,  upon  a  private  diplomatic  mission;  pub- 
lished several  agricultural  pamphlets;  died  in 
Stenton,  near  Philadelphia,  Pa.,  April  9,  1821. 

Logan,  Henry,  a  Representative  from  Penn- 
sylvania; born  near  Dillsburg,  in  Monaghan  town- 
ship, York  county,  Pa.,  April  14,  1784;  attended 
district  school;  volunteered  for  the  defense  of 
Baltimore  in  1814;  captain  in  the  nineteenth  regi- 
ment, second  brigade,  fifth  division  of  Pennsyl- 
vania militia;  lieutenant  colonel  August  1,  1814; 
member  of  the  state  house  of  representatives  1818- 
1819;  state  senator  1828-1831;  elected  as  a  Jack- 
son Democrat  to  the  Twenty-fourth  and  Twenty- 
fifth  Congresses  (March  4,  1835-March  3,  1839); 
county  commissioner  1840;  died  upon  the  Logania 
plantation,  near  Dillsburg,  Pa.,  December  26, 
1866. 

Logan,  John  Alexander,  a  Representative  and 
a  Senator  from  Illinois;  born  in  Murphysboro, 
Jackson  county,  111.,  February  9,  1826;  attended 
the  common  schools;  was  graduated  from  the 
Louisville  university;  served  in  the  war  with 
Mexico;  second  lieutenant  of  the  first  Illinois 
infantry  May  10,  1847;  honorably  mustered  out 
October  16,  1848;  returned  to  Illinois;  elected  clerk 
of  the  Jackson  county  court  in  1849;  studied  law, 
was  graduated  from  the  law  department  of  Louis- 
ville university  in  1851,  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in 
1852,  and  practiced;  elected  to  the  legislature  of 
Illinois  in  1852,  1853,  1856,  and  1857;  prosecuting 
attorney  for  the  third  judicial  district  of  Illinois 
1853-1857;  presidential  elector  in  1856;  elected  as 
a  Democrat  to  the  Thirty-sixth  and  Thirty-seventh 


Congresses,  and  served  from  March  4,  1859,  until 
April  2,  1862,  when  he  resigned  and  entered  the 
Union  army;  colonel  of  the  thirty -first  Illinois 
Infantry  September  18,  1861;  brigadier  general  of 
volunteers  March  21,  1862;  major  general  of  vol- 
unteers November  29,  1862;  resigned  August  17, 
1865;  appointed  minister  to  Mexico  in  1865,  but 
declined ;  reelected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Fortieth 
and  Forty-first  Congresses  (March  4,  1867-March 
3,  1871);  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  United 
States  Senate,  and  served  from  March  4,  1871,  to 
March  3,  1877;  resumed  the  practice  of  law  in 
Chicago;  again  elected  to  the  United  States  Senate 
in  1879;  reelected,  and  served  from  March  4,  1879, 
until  his  death;  was  the  Republican  nominee  for 
vice  President  on  the  ticket  with  James  G.  Blaine 
in  1884;  died  at  his  home,  Calumet  Place,  Washing- 
ton, D.  C.,  December  26,  1886. 

Logan,  William,  a  Senator  from  Kentucky; 
born  within  the  fort  at  Harrod's  Fort,  Ky.,  Decem- 
ber 8,  1776;  spent  early  childhood  in  the  fort  at 
St.  Asaphs,  receiving  private  instruction  from 
parents  and  tutors;  moved  with  parents  to  Shelby 
county,  Ky.,  about  1798;  studied  law  and  was 
admitted  to  the  bar;  delegate  to  the  state  consti- 
tutional convention  in  1799;  member  of  the  state 
house  of  representatives  and  chosen  speaker  two 
terms  1803-1806,  and  1808-1809;  twice  chosen 
judge  of  the  court  of  appeals,  and  served  1808- 
1812;  a  presidential  elector  in  1809,  1813,  and 
1817;  elected  to  the  United  States  Senate  and 
served  from  March  4,  1819,  until  1820,  when  he 
resigned  to  become  a  candidate  for  governor; 
was  defeated  for  governor;  died  in  Harrodsburg, 
Ky.,  Augusts,  1822. 

Long,  Alexander,  a  Representative  from  Ohio; 
born  in  Greenville,  Pa.,  December  24,  1816;  re- 
ceived an  academic  training;  studied  law,  was 
admitted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced  practice  in 
Cincinnati,  Ohio;  state  representative  1848-1849; 
elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Thirty-eighth  Con- 
gress (March  4,  1863-March  3,  1865);  delegate  in 
the  Democratic  national  conventions  of  1864, 
1868,  1872,  and  1876;  died  in  Cincinnati,  Ohio, 
November  28,  1886. 

Long,  Chester  Isaiah,  a  Representative  and 
a  Senator  from  Kansas;  born  in.  Perry  county,  Pa., 
October  12,  1860;  moved  with  his  parents  to 
Dayiess  county,  Mo.,  in  1865,  where  he  resided 
until  1879,  when  he  removed  to  Paola,  Kans.; 
pursued  an  academic  course;  studied  law  and  was 
admitted  to  the  bar  March  4,  1885,  and  located  in 
Medicine  Lodge  in  the  practice  of  his  profession; 
elected  to  the  state  senate  in  1889;  elected  as  a 
Republican  to  the  Fifty-fourth  Congress  (March  4, 
1895-March  3,  1897);  reelected  to  the  Fifty-sixth, 
Fifty-seventh,  and  Fifty-eighth  Congresses,  and 
served  from  March  4,  1899,  until  March  3,  1905; 
when  he  resigned;  elected  to  the  United  States 
Senate,  and  served  from  March  4,  1903,  to  March 
3,  1909;  resumed  the  practice  of  law  in  Medicine 
Lodge,  Kans.;  moved  to  Wichita,  Kans.,  in  Au- 
gust, 1911,  and  engaged  in  the  practice  of  law. 

Long,  Edward  H.,  a  Representative  from  Mary- 
land; born  in  Princess  Anne  county,  Md.,  Sep- 
tember 28,  1808;  was  graduated  from  Yale  college 
in  1828;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and 
commenced  practice  in  Princess  Anne  county; 
state  representative;  elected  as  a  WTiig  to  the 
Twenty-ninth  Congress  (March  4,  1845-March  3, 
1847);  died  in  Somerset  county,  Md.,  October  16, 
1865. 


816 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 


Long,  Jefferson  F.,  a  Representative  from 
Georgia;  a  resident  of  Macon.  Ga.;  elected  as  a 
Democrat  to  the  Forty-first  Congress,  upon  the 
readmission  of  Georgia  to  representation;  qualified 
under  the  act  of  July  2,  1862;  took  his  seat  January 
16,  1871,  and  served  until  March  3,  1871. 

Long,  John,  a  Representative  from  North  Caro- 
lina; born  in  Loudoun  county,  Va.,  February  26, 
1785;  moved  with  parents  to  North  Carolina; 
attended  public  schools,  and  became  a  farmer  in 
Randolph  county,  N.  C.;  state  representative  in 
1811,  and  a  state  senator  1814-1815;  elected  to  the 
Seventeenth,  Eighteenth,  Nineteenth,  and  Twen- 
tieth Congresses  (March  4,  1821-March  3,  1829); 
died  in  Longs  Mill  (now  Liberty),  Randolph 
county,  N.  C.,  August  11,  1857. 

Long,  John  Benjamin,  a  Representative  from 
Texas;  born  in  Douglas,  Nacogdoches  county,  Tex., 
September  8,  1843;  moved  with  his  parents  to 
Rusk,  Tex.,  in  1846;  attended  common  schools; 
served  in  the  Confederate  army  in  company  C  of 
the  third  Texas  cavalry;  was  twice  severely 
wounded;  became  a  planter  after  the  war;  elected 
as  a  Democrat  to  the  Fifty-second  Congress  (March 
4,  1891-March  3,  1893);  editor  of  the  Industrial 
Press  in  Rusk,  Tex. 

Long,  John  Davis,  a  Representative  from 
Massachusetts;  born  in  Buckfield,  Oxford  county, 
Me.,  October  27,  1838;  attended  the  common 
schools  at  Buckfield  and  Hebron  academy,  Maine; 
was  graduated  from  Harvard  college  in  1857; 
taught  school  two  years  in  Westford  academy, 
Massachusetts;  studied  law  at  the  Harvard  law 
school  and  in  private  offices;  admitted  to  the  bar 
and  practiced ;  member  of  the  Massachusetts  house 
of  representatives  1875-1878,  served  the  last  three 
years  as  speaker  of  the  house;  lieutenant  governor 
of  Massachusetts  in  1879;  governor  of  Massachusetts 
in  1880,  1881,  and  1882;  elected  as  a  Republican 
to  the  Forty-eighth,  Forty-ninth,  and  Fiftieth 
Congresses  (March  4,  1883-March  3,  1889);  Secre- 
tary of  the  Navy  from  March  5,  1897,  until  his 
resignation,  May  1,  1902;  resumed  practice  of  law 
in  Boston,  with  residence  in  Hingham,  Mass.; 
president  of  overseers  of  Harvard  university  and 
of  the  Author's  Club  of  Boston. 

Long,  Pierse,  a  Delegate  from  New  Hampshire; 
born  in  Portsmouth,  N.  H.,  in  1739;  completed 
preparatory  studies;  engaged  in  the  shipping  busi- 
ness; delegate  in  the  provincial  congress  of  New 
Hampshire  in  1775;  served  in  the  Revolutionary 
war  as  colonel  of  the  first  New  Hampshire  regiment, 
and  participated  in  the  engagements .  at  Ticon- 
derpga,  and  points  on  lakes  George  and  Cham- 
plain;  was  present  at  the  surrender  of  Burgoyne 
at  Saratoga;  bre vetted  a  brigadier  general;  Dele- 
gate'in  the  Continental  Congress  1784-1786;  state 
councilor  1786-1789;  delegate  in  the  state  con- 
stitutional convention  of  1788;  appointed  by 
President  Washington  customs  collector  for  the 
port  of  Portsmouth,  N.  H.,  in  January,  1789,  but 
unable  to  assume  the  duties  of  the  office;  died  in 
Portsmouth,  N.  H.,  April  3,  1789. 

Longfellow,  Stephen,  a  Representative  from 
Maine;  born  in  Gorham,  Mass,  (now  Maine),  June 
23,  1775;  was  graduated  from  Harvard  college  in 
1798;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in 
1801,  and  commenced  practice  in  Portland,  Me., 
in  1801;  representative  in  the  general  court  of 
Massachusetts  1814-1815;  delegate  in  the  Hart- 
ford convention  of  1814-1815;  a  King  presidential 


elector  in  1816;  elected  as  a  Federalist  to  the 
Eighteenth  Congress  (March  4,  1823-March  3, 
1825);  member  of  the  Maine  legislature  in  1826; 
overseer  of  Bowdoin  college  1811-1817;  trustee 
1817-1836;  president  of  the  Maine  Historical  Society 
in  1834;  died  in  Portland,  Me.,  August  2,  1849. 

Longnecker,  Henry  Clay,  a  Representative 
from  Pennsylvania;  born  in  Allen  township,  Cum- 
berland county.  Pa.,  April  17,  1820;  was  graduated 
from  the  Norwich  military  academy  of  Vermont, 
and  from  Lafayette  college,  Pennsylvania;  studied 
law  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar;  served  in  the 
Mexican  war  as  first  lieutenant,  captain,  and 
adjutant  in  all  principal  engagements  under 
General  Scott;  was  wounded  in  the  battle  of 
Chapultepec,  September  13,  1847;  returned  to 
Pennsylvania;  district  attorney  of  Lehigh  county 
in  1848-1850;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the 
Thirty-sixth  Congress  (March  4,  1859-March  3, 
1861);  participated  in  organizing  Pennsylvania 
troops  and  served  in  the  Union  army  as  colonel  of 
the  ninth  Pennsylvania  volunteers;  resumed  the 
practice  of  law  in  Allentown,  Pa.,  in  1865;  associate 
judge  of  Lehigh  county  in  1867;  died  in  Allen- 
town,  Pa.,  September  16,  1871. 

Longworth,  Nicholas,  a  Representative  from 
Ohio;  born  in  Cincinnati,  Ohio,  November  5,  1869; 
attended  Franklin  school  in  Cincinnati;  was 
graduated  from  Harvard  university  1891;  spent 
one  year  at  Harvard  law  school,  and  was  graduated 
from  the  Cincinnati  law  school  in  1894;  was  admit"- 
ted  to  the  bar  in  1894  and  practiced  in  Cincinnati, 
Ohio;  member  of  the  school  board  of  Cincinnati 
1898;  elected  to  the  Ohio  house  of  representatives 
1899,  and  to  the  Ohio  senate  in  1901;  elected  as  a 
Republican  to  the  Fifty-eighth,  Fifty-ninth,  Six- 
tieth, and  Sixty-first  Congresses  (March  4,  1903- 
March  3,  1911).  Reflected  to  the  Sixty-second  Con- 
gress. 

Longyear,  John  Wesley,  a  Representative 
from  Michigan;  born  in  Shandaken,  N.  Y.,  Octo- 
ber 22,  1820;  pursued  classical  studies  in  the  Lima, 
N.  Y.,  academy;  taught  school  for  several  years; 
moved  to  Mason,  Ingham  county,  Mich.,  in  1844, 
and  taught  school;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to 
the  Ingham  county  bar  in  1846;  removed  to  Lan- 
sing, Mich.,  in  1847,  and  engaged  in  the  practice 
of  law;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Thirty- 
eighth  and  Thirty-ninth  Congresses  (March  4, 
1863-March  3,  1867);  delegate  in  the  Loyalist 
convention  in  Philadelphia,  Pa.,  in  1866,  and  in 
the  state  constitutional  convention  of  1867;  ap- 
pointed by  President  Grant  judge  of  the  district 
court  of  the  United  States  for  the  eastern  district 
of  Michigan  February  7,  1870;  died  in  Detroit, 
Mich.,  March  10,  1875. 

Loomis,  Andrew  W.,  a  Representative  from 
Ohio;  elected  as  a  Whig  to  the  Twenty-fifth  Con- 
gress, and  served  from  March  4,  1837,  to  October 
20,  1837,  when  he  resigned. 

Loomis,  Arphaxed,  a  Representative  from 
New  York:  born  in  Winsted,  Conn.,  April  9,  1798; 
moved  with  his  parents  to  New  York  in  1801,  where 
they  settled  upon  a  farm  in  the  town  of  Salisbury, 
Herkimer  county;  attended  county  school  and 
Fairfield  academy,  Fairfield,  N.  Y.;  studied  law; 
was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  Albany  in  January,  1822, 
and  practiced  in  Sacketts  Harbor  1822-1824,  in 
Salisbury  in  1825,  and  then  took  up  a  permanent 
residence  in  Little  Falls,  N.  Y.,  March  4,  1825; 
surrogate  of  Herkimer  county  1828-1836;  commis- 


BIOGKAPHIES. 


817 


sioner  to  investigate  the  government  and  disci- 
pline of  the  state  prisons  in  1834;  first  judge  of  the 
county  1835-1837;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the 
Twenty-fifth  Congress  (March  4,  1837-March  3, 
1839);  representative  in  the  state  legislature  1841- 
1842,  and  1853-1854;  member  of  the  state  consti- 
tutional convention  of  1846;  member  of  the  com- 
mission to  revise,  abridge,  and  simplify  pleadings 
and  proceedings  in  civil  actions,  in  1847;  delegate 
in  the  Democratic  state  conventions  of  1861  and 
1863;  died  in  Little  Falls,  N.  Y.,  September  15, 
1885. 

Loomis,  Dwight,  a  Representative  from  Con- 
necticut; born  in  Columbia,  Conn.,  July  27,  1821; 
attended  the  common  schools;  studied  law  in  the 
New  Haven  law  school,  was  a'dmitted  to  the  bar, 
and  commenced  practice  in  Rockville,  Conn.; 
member  of  the  state  house  of  representatives  in 
1851;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Thirty-sixth 
and  Thirty-seventh  Congresses  (March  4,  1859- 
March  3,  1863);  appointed  judge  of  the  supreme 
court  of  the  state;  died  near  Waterbary,  Conn., 
September  17,  1903. 

Lord,  Frederick  William,  a  Representative 
from  New  York;  born  in  Lyme,  Conn.,  December 
11,  1800;  was  graduated  from  Yale  college  in  1821; 
taught  school;  studied  medicine,  was  admitted  to 
practice,  and  commenced  practice  in  Sag  Harbor, 
N.  Y.;  moved  to  Greenport,  N.  Y.;  elected  to  the 
Thirtieth  Congress  (March  4,  1847-March  3,  1849); 
died  in  New  York  City,  May  24,  1860. 

Lord,  Henry  William,  a  Representative  from 
Michigan;  born  in  Northampton,  Mass.,  March  8, 
1821;  pursued  an  academic  course;  moved  to  De- 
troit, Mich.,  in  1839;  four  years  later  went  to 
Pontiac,  Mich.,  and  engaged  in  farming  and  mer- 
cantile business;  returned  to  Detroit,  Mich.;  ap- 
pointed United  States  consul  to  Manchester,  Eng- 
land, in  1861,  and  served  until  his  resignation  in 
1867;  Republican  presidential  elector  in  1876; 
served  on  the  state  board  of  corrections  and  chari- 
ties; elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Forty-seventh 
Congress  (March  4,  1881-March  3,  1883);  appointed 
by  President  Arthur  register  of  the  United  States 
land  office  at  Creelsburgh,  Dak.,  December  6, 
1883;  died  in  Butte,  Mont.,  January  25,  1891. 

Lord,  Scott,  a  Representative  from  New  York; 
born  in  Nelson,  Madison  county,  N.  Y.,  December 
20,  1820;  pursued  an  academic  course;  studied 
law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  practiced  in 
Utica,  N.  Y.;  judge  of  Livingston  county  1847- 
1856;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Forty-fourth 
Congress  (March  4,  1875-March  3,  1877);  defeated 
for  reelection  to  the  Forty-fifth  Congress;  died  in 
Morris  Plains,  N.  J.,  September  10,  1885. 

Lore,  Charles  Brown,  a  Representative  from 
Delaware;  born  in  Odessa,  Del.,  March  16,  1831; 
attended  the  public  schools,  Middletown  acad- 
emy, Delaware,  arid  was  graduated  from  Dickinson 
college,  Pennsylvania,  in  June,  1852;  studied  law 
and  was  admitted  to  the  bar  of  Newcastle  county, 
Del.,  in  1861;  clerk  of  the  house  of  representatives 
of  Delaware  in  1857;  commissioner  of  the  draft  for 
Newcastle  county,  Del.,  1862;  attorney-general  of 
Delaware,  1869-1874;  presidential  elector  in  1880; 
elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Forty-eighth  and 
Forty-ninth  Congresses  (March  4,  1883-March  3, 
1887);  presidential  elector  in  1892;  appointed  chief 
justice  of  the  supreme  court  of  Delaware  in  1893; 
reappointed  in  1897  for  a  term  of  twelve  years,  but 
retired  in  1909;  member  of  revised  code  commis- 

50346°— S.  Doc.  654,  61-2 52 


sion,  1909-1910;  died  in  Wilmington,  Del.,  March 
6,  1911;  interment  in  Odessa,  Del. 

Lorimer,  William,  a  Representative  and  a 
Senator  from  Illinois;  born  in  Manchester,  Eng- 
land, April  27,  1861;  never  attended  school;  came 
with  parents  to  the  United  States  in  1866,  and 
settled  in  Michigan;  moved  to  Ohio,  and  subse- 
quently to  Chicago,  111.;  assistant  superintendent 
of  the  city  water  main  extension  department;  was 
later  appointed  superintendent;  engaged  in  the 
contracting  business;  elected  as  a  Republican  to 
the  Fifty-fourth,  Fifty-fifth,  and  Fifty-sixth  Con- 
gresses (March  4,  1895-March  3,  1901);  reelected 
to  the  Fifty-eighth,  Fifty-ninth,  Sixtieth,  and 
Sixty-first  Congresses  and  served  from  March  4, 
1903,  until  June  7,  1909,  when  he  resigned;  pre- 
sented credentials  as  a  Senator-elect  to  the  United 
States  Senate  for  the  term  commencing  March  3, 
1909,  and  served  from  June  18,  1909,  until  July  6, 
1912,  when  the  Senate  adopted  a  resolution  de- 
claring "that  corrupt  methods  and  practices  were 
employed  in  hib  election,  and  that  the  election 
therefore  was  invalid;"  resumed  business  activi- 
ties, and  engaged  in  banking  in  Chicago,  111. 

Loiing,  George  Bailey,  a  Representative  from 
Massachusetts;  born  in  North  Andover,  Mass.,  No- 
vember 8,  1817;  attended  Franklin  academy,  in 
Andover,  and  was  graduated  from  Harvard  univer- 
sity in  1838;  appointed  surgeon  of  the  marine  hos- 
pital in  Chelsea,  Mass.,  in  1843;  surgeon  of  the 
seventh  regiment  M.  V.  M.  1842-1844;  appointed 
commissioner  to  revise  the  United  States  marine 
hospital  system  in  1849;  appointed  postmaster  of 
Salem,  Mass.,  in  1853;  member  of  the  Massachu- 
setts house  of  representatives  1866-1867 ;  president 
of  the  state  senate  1873-1876;  delegate  in  the  Re- 
publican national  conventions  of  1868,  1872,  and 
1876 ;  appointed  United  States  centennial  commis- 
sioner for  the  state  of  Massachusetts  in  1872; 
elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Forty-fifth  and 
Forty-sixth  Congresses  (March  4,  1877-March  3, 
1881;  died  in  Salem,  Mass.,  September  13,  1891. 

Loud,  Eugene  Francis,  a  Representative  from 
California;  born  in  Abington,  Mass.,  March  12, 
1847;  went  to  sea  and  settled  in  California;  en- 
listed in  California  cavalry  battalion  in  1862; 
which  formed  a  part  of  the  second  Massachusetts 
cavalry;  with  the  Army  of  the  Potomac  and  with 
Sheridan  in  the  Shenandoah  Valley  until  the 
close  of  the  war;  returned  to  California;  studied  law, 
was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced  practice 
in  San  Francisco,  Cal.;  clerk  in  the  customs  ser- 
vice ;  member  of  the  state  legislature  in  1884 ;  cashier 
of  city  and  county  of  San  Francisco;  elected  as  a 
Republican  to  the  Fifty-second,  and  to  the  five 
succeeding  Congresses  (March  4,  1891-March  3, 
1903);  defeated  for  reelection  to  the  Fifty-eighth 
Congress;  died  in  San  Francisco,  Cal.,  December 
19,  1908. 

Loud,  George  Alvin,  a  Representative  from 
Michigan;  born  in  Bracebridge,  Ohio,  June  18, 
1852;  moved  with  his  parents  to  Massachusetts, 
and  again  changed  residence  to  Au  Sable,  Mich.,  in 
1866;  attended  the  English  high  school  (military), 
Boston,  Mass.;  Professor  Patterson's  school,  De- 
troit, and  was  graduated  from  the  Ann  Arbor  high 
school ;  vice  president  and  general  manager  of  the 
Au  Sable  &  Northwestern  railroad ;  for  four  years,  by 
appointment,  was  a  colonel  upon  Governor  Pin- 
gree's  staff;  was  paymaster  on  the  United  States 
revenue  cutter  McCulloch,  which  participated 
in  the  battle  of  Manila  Bay;  elected  as  a  Republi- 


818 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 


can  to  the  Fifty-eighth,  Fifty-ninth,  Sixtieth,  and 
Sixty-first  Congresses  (March  4,  1903-March  3, 
1911).  Reelected  to  the  Sixty-second  Congress. 

Louden,  Frank  Orren,  a  Representative  from 
Illinois;  born  in  Sunrise  City,  Minn.,  January  26, 
1861;  attended  the  public  schools  of  Iowa,  was 
graduated  from  the  Iowa  state  university  and 
the  Union  college  of  law,  Chicago,  in  1887;  was 
admitted  to  the  bar,  and  practiced  in  Chicago,  111., 
moved  to  Oregon,  111.,  in  1903;  member  of  the  Re- 
publican national  committee  from  Illinois  in  1904, 
and  was  a  member  of  the  executive  committee 
during  the  campaign  of  that  year;  assigned  to  west- 
ern headquarters  in  Chicago,  111.;  elected  as  a  Re- 
publican to  the  Fifty-ninth  Congress,  to  fill  vacancy 
caused  by  the  death  of  Robert  R.  Hitt;  reelected 
to  the  Sixtieth  and  Sixty-first  Congresses,  and 
served  from  December  3,  1906,  to  March  3,  1911; 
after  leaving  Congress  engaged  in  agricultural  pur- 
suits near  Oregon,  111. 

Loudenslager,  Henry  Clay,  a  Representative 
from  New  Jersey;  born  in  Mauricetown,  Cumber- 
land county,  N.  J.,  May  22,  1852;  moved  with  his 
parents  to  Paulsboro,  N.  J.,  in  1856;  attended  the 
common  schools;  engaged  in  the  produce  commis- 
sion business  in  Philadelphia,  Pa.,  from  1872  to 
1882;  elected  county  clerk  of  Gloucester  county, 
N.  J.,  in  1882  and  reelected  in  1887;  elected  as  a  Re- 
publican to  the  Fifty- third,  and  to  the  nine  suc- 
ceeding Congresses,  and  served  from  March  4,  1893, 
until  his  death  in  Paulsboro,  N.  J.,  August  12, 1911. 

Loughridge,  William,  a  Representative  from 
Iowa;  born  in  Youngstown,  Ohio,  July  11,  1827; 
attended  the  common  schools;  studied  law,  was 
admitted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced  practice  in 
Mansfield,  Ohio,  in  1849;  moved  to  Iowa  in  1852; 
member  of  the  state  senate  1857-1860;  judge  of  the 
sixth  judicial  circuit  1861-1867;  elected  as  a  Re- 
publican to  the  Fortieth  and  Forty -first  Congresses 
(March  4,  1867-March  3,  1871);  reelected  to  the 
Forty-third  Congress  (March  4,  1873-March  3, 
1875);  died  near  Reading,  Pa.,  September  26,  1889. 

Lounsbery,  William,  a  Representative  from 
New  York;  born  in  Stone  Ridge,  N.  Y.,  December 
25,  1831;  was  graduated  from  Rutger's  college  in 
1851;  attended  the  law  department  of  the  New 
York  university  in  Albany,  N.  Y.;  was  admitted 
to  the  bar  in  1853,  and  engaged  in  practice;  com- 
missary of  the  twentieth  regiment  of  New  York 
militia,  with  the  rank  of  first  lieutenant,  during  its 
three  months'  service;  member  of  the  state  assem- 
bly in  1868;  elected  mayor  of  Kingston  in  March, 
1878,  for  the  term  of  two  years;  elected  as  a  Demo- 
crat to  the  Forty-sixth  Congress  (March  4,  1879- 
March  3, 1881);  died  in  Kingston,  N.  Y.,  November 
8,  1905. 

Louttit,  James  Alexander,  a  Representative 
from  California;  born  in  New  Orleans,  La.,  October 
16,  1848;  moved  with  his  parents  to  California  in 
1849;  attended  the  public  schools  and  the  state 
normal  school;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the 
bar  in  1869;  settled  in  Stockton,  Cal.,  in  1871  and 
practiced  law;  city  attorney,  1871-1879;  elected 
as  a  Republican  to  the  Forty -ninth  Congress 
(March  4,  1885-March  3,  1887);  resumed  the  prac- 
tice of  law  in  Stockton,  Cal. ;  died  in  Pacific  Grove, 
Cal.,  July  26, 1906;  interment  in  Stockton,  Cal. 

Love,  James,  a  Representative  from  Ken- 
tucky; attended  the  public  schools;  elected  to  the 
Twenty-third  Congress  (March  4,  1833-March  3, 
1835). 


Love,  John,  a  Representative  from  Virginia; 
pursued  an  academic  course;  elected  as  a  Democrat 
to  the  Tenth  and  Eleventh  Congresses  (March  4, 
1807-March  3,  1811);  died  August  17,  1822. 

Love,  Peter  Early,  a  Representative  from 
Georgia;  born  near  Dublin,  Ga.,  July  7,  1818;  was 
graduated  from  Franklin  college;  studied  medicine 
in  Philadelphia,  Pa.,  and  then  law,  was  admitted 
to  the  bar,  and  commenced  practice  of  the  latter  in 
Thomasville,  Ga.,  in  1839;  solicitor  general  of  the 
southern  district  of  Georgia  in  1843;  elected  judge 
in  1853;  member  of  the  state  senate,  1849;  elected 
as  a  Democrat  to  the  Thirty-sixth  Congress,  and 
served  from  March  4,  1859,  until  his  retirement, 
January  23,  1861;  resumed  the  practice  of  law  in 
Thomasville,  Ga.;  member  of  the  Georgia  legis- 
lature 1861;  died  in  Thomasville,  Ga.,  November 
8,  1866. 

Love,  Thomas  Cutting,  a  Representative  from 
New  York;  born  in  Cambridge,  N.  Y.,  November 
30,  1789;  served  as  a  volunteer  in  the  war  of  1812; 
wounded  and  taken  prisoner  at  the  battle  of  Fort 
Erie,  September  17,  1814;  taken  to  Quebec  and 
kept  imprisoned  till  close  of  war;  went  to  Batavia, 
N.  Y.,  and  later  to  Buffalo;  judge  of  Erie  county  in 
1828-1829 ;  district  attorney  1829-1835,  and  surrogate 
1841-1845;  elected  as  a  Whig  to  the  Twenty-fourth 
Congress  (March  4,  1835-March  3,  1837);  died  in 
Buffalo,  N.  Y.,  September  17,  1853. 

Love,  William  Carter,  a  Representative  from 
North  Carolina;  was  born  in  Virginia  about  1794; 
attended  the  University  of  Virginia;  studied  law, 
was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  practiced  in  Salis- 
bury, N.  C.;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Four- 
teenth Congress  (March  4,  1815-March  3,  1817). 

Love  William  Franklin,  a  Representative  from 
Mississippi;  born  near  Liberty,  Amite  county, 
Miss.,  March  29,  1852;  attended  the  common 
schools  and  the  University  of  Mississippi;  engaged 
in  agriculture;  elected  to  the  state  house  of  repre- 
sentatives for  ten  years;  member  of  the  state  senate 
for  eight  years;  delegate  to  the  state  constitutional 
convention  of  1890;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the 
Fifty-fifth  Congress,  and  served  from  March  4, 
1897,  until  his  death,  in  Gloster,  Miss.,  October  16, 
1898. 

Lovejoy,  Owen,  a  Representative  from  Illinois; 
born  in  Albion,  Me.,  January  6,  1811;  was  gradu- 
ated from  Bowdoin  college;  studied  theology; 
moved  to  Alton,  111.,  in  1836;  pastor  of  the  Congre- 
gational church  in  Princeton,  111.,  1839-1856; 
member  of  the  state  house  of  representatives  in 
1854;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Thirty-fifth, 
Thirty-sixth,  Thirty-seventh,  and  Thirty-eighth 
Congresses,  and  served  from  March  4,  1857,  until 
his  death,  in  Brooklyn,  N.  Y.,  March  25,  1864. 

Lovell,  James,  a  Delegate  from  Massachusetts; 
born  in  Boston,  Mass.,  October  31,  1737;  attended 
the  public  latin  schools;  master  of  the  Eliot  school; 
was  graduated  from  Harvard  college  in  1756;  taught 
in  the  Boston  Latin  school;  imprisoned  by  General 
Howe  during  the  Revolutionary  war  and  conveyed 
to  Halifax  1775-1776;  Delegate  in  the  Continental 
Congress  1776-1782;  receiver  of  continental  taxes 
1784-1788;  customs  collector  of  Boston,  Mass., 
1788-1789;  naval  officer  in  Boston  and  Charleston 
until  his  death  in  Windham,  Me.,  July  14,  1814. 

Levering,  Henry  Bacon,  a  Representative 
from  Massachusetts;  born  in  Portsmouth,  N.  H., 
April  8,  1841;  attended  the  common  schools  of 


BIOGRAPHIES. 


819 


Lynn,  Mass.;  enlisted  in  1862  in  the  eighth  regi- 
ment Massachusetts  volunteer  infantry,  and  served 
out  his  term;  reenlisted  in  the  third  Massachusetts 
cavalry;  lost  a  leg  at  the  battle  of  Winchester; 
elected  a  member  of  the  state  house  of  represent- 
atives in  1872  and  1874;  assessor  in  1879-1880; 
mayor  of  Lynn  in  1881  and  1882;  elected  as  a  Dem- 
ocrat to  the  Forty-eighth  and  Forty-ninth  Con- 
gresses (March  4,  1883-March  3,  1887);  unsuccessful 
Democratic  candidate  for  governor  in  1887 ;  United 
States  marshal  for  Massachusetts,  1888-1891;  war- 
den of  the  state  prison,  1891-1893;  United  States 
pension  agent,  Boston,  1894-1898;  sealer  of  weights 
and  measures  for  the  city  of  Boston,  Mass.,  1902- 
1905;  died  in  Wakefield,  Mass.,  April  5,  1911. 

Levering,  William  Croyade,  a  Representative 
from  Massachusetts;  born  in  Woonsocket,  R.  I., 
February  25,  1835;  attended  the  Cambridge  high 
school  and  the  Hopkins  classical  school;  engaged 
in  cotton  manufacturing;  served  during  the  Civil 
war  as  engineer  at  Fortress  Monroe;  retired  from 
the  service  an  invalid;  member  of  the  state  senate 
1874-1875;  delegate  in  the  Republican  national 
convention  of  1880;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the 
Fifty-fifth,  and  to  the  six  succeeding  Congresses, 
and  served  from  March  4,  1897,  until  his  death,  in 
Washington,  D.  C.,  February  4,  1910;  interment  in 
Taunton,  Mass. 

Lovett,  John,  a  Representative  from  New 
York;  native  of  Norwich,  Conn.;  was  graduated 
from  Yale  college;  moved  to  Albany,  N.  Y.;  mem- 
ber of  the  state  house  of  representatives  in  1800  and 
1801;  county  clerk;  elected  as  a  Federalist  to  the 
Thirteenth  and  Fourteenth  Congresses  (March  4, 
1813-March  3,  1817);  died  in  Ohio  in  1818. 

Low,  Frederick  Ferdinand,  a  Representative 
from  California;  born  in  Frankfort  (now  Winter- 
port),  Me.,  June  30,  1828;  attended  Hampden  acad- 
emy; engaged  in  the  shipping  business  in  San 
Francisco,  Cal.,  in  1849;  moved  to  Marysville,  Cal., 
in  1854;  engaged  in  banking  until  1861;  elected  as 
a  Republican  to  the  Thirty -seventh  Congress 
(March  4,  1861-March  3,  1863);  appointed  collector 
of  San  Francisco  in  1863,  and  later  in  the  year 
elected  governor  of  California,  and  served  until 
1867;  United  States  minister  to  China  1869-1874; 
died  in  San  Francisco,  Cal.,  July  21,  1894. 

Low,  Isaac,  a  Delegate  from  New  York;  born  in 
Raritan  Landing,  near  New  Brunswick,  N.  J., 
April  13,  1731;  active  in  pre-Revolutionary  mat- 
ters; moved  to  Montgomery,  N.  Y.;  delegate  to  the 
stamp  act  Congress  in  1765;  Delegate  in  the  Con- 
tinental Congress,  1774-1775;  member  of  the  pro- 
vincial congress,  1775;  accused  of  treason  and  was 
arrested  in  1776;  one  of  the  founders  and  president 
of  the  New  York  chamber  of  commerce,  1775-1783; 
property  was  confiscated  and  he  was  exiled,  going 
to  England,  where  he  died  in  Cowes,  Isle  of  Wight, 
July  25,  1791. 

Low,  Philip  Burrill,  a  Representative  from 
New  York;  born  in  Chelsea,  Mass.,  May  6,  1836; 
was  graduated  from  the  high  school;  volunteered 
and  was  appointed  acting  ensign  in  the  United 
States  Navy  and  served  in  the  North  Atlantic 
squadron  during  1862-1863;  resigned  and  entered 
commercial  circles  in  Boston,  Mass.,  until  1865, 
when  he  moved  to  New  York  City;  identified  with 
the  shipping  and  maritime  interests;  elected  as  a 
Republican  to  the  Fifty-fourth  and  Fifty-fifth  Con- 
gresses (March  4,  1895-March  3,  1899);  defeated  for 
reelection  to  the  Fifty-sixth  Congress. 


Lowe,  David.  P.,  a  Representative  from  Kansas; 
born  in  Oneida  county,  N.  Y.,  August  22,  1823; 
was  graduated  from  the  Cincinnati  law  college  in 
1851 ;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  and  commenced  prac- 
tice in  Cincinnati,  Ohio;  moved  to  Kansas  in  1861; 
member  of  the  state  senate,  1863-1864;  judge  of  the 
sixth  judicial  district  1867-1871;  elected  as  a  Re- 
publican to  the  Forty-second  and  Forty-third 
Congresses  (March  4,  1871-March  3,  1875);  chief 
justice  of  Utah  Territory;  returned  to  Fort  Scott, 
Kans.,  where  he  died. 

Lowe,  William  Manning,  a  Representative 
from  Alabama;  born  in  Huntsville,  Ala.,  June  12, 
1842;  attended  the  schools  of  Florence,  Ala.,  the 
University  of  Tennessee,  and  the  University  of 
Virginia;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and 
commenced  practice  in  Huntsville,  Ala.;  served 
as  private,  captain,  and  lieutenant  colonel  in  the 
Confederate  army;  member  of  the  state  legislature 
in  1870;  delegate  to  the  state  constitutional  con- 
vention of  1875;  solicitor  of  the  fifth  judicial  cir- 
cuit 1865-1868;  elected  as  a  Greenback-Democrat 
to  the  Forty-sixth  Congress  (March  4,  1879-March 
3,  1881);  successfully  contested  the  election  of 
Joseph  Wheeler  to  the  Forty-seventh  Congress,  and 
served  from  June  3,  1882,  until  his  death  in  "The 
Grove,"  Huntsville,  Ala.,  October  12,  1882. 

Lowell,  John,  a  Delegate  from  Massachusetts; 
born  in  Newburyport,  Mass.,  June  17,  1743;  was 
graduated  from  Harvard  college  in  1760;  studied 
law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced 
practice  in  Newburyport,  Mass.;  member  of  the 
state  house  of  representatives;  an  officer  in  the 
militia  in  1776;  moved  to  Boston,  Mass.,  in  1777; 
again  a  state  representative  in  1778;  delegate  in 
the  state  constitutional  convention  of  1780;  Dele- 
gate in  the  Continental  Congress  1782-1783;  commis- 
sioner on  the  New  York  and  Massachusetts  bound- 
ary line  in  1784;  judge  of  the  court  of  appeals 
1784-1789,  of  the  United  States  district  court 
1789-1801,  and  of  the  United  States  circuit  court 
for  Massachusetts,  Rhode  Island,  and  Connecticut 
1801-1802;  died  in  Roxbury,  Mass.,  May  6,  1802. 

Lowell,  Joshua  Adams,  a  Representative  from 
Maine;  born  in  Thomaston,  Mass,  (now  Maine), 
March  20,  1801;  attended  the  common  schools; 
taught  school;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the 
bar,  and  commenced  practice  in  East  Machias, 
Me.,  in  1826;  member  of  the  state  house  of  repre- 
sentatives in  1832-1833,  1835,  and  1837;  elected 
as  a  Democrat  to  the  Twenty-sixth  and  Twenty- 
seventh  Congresses  (March  4,  1839-March  3,  1843); 
presidential  elector  on  the  Democratic  ticket  in 
1844;  died  in  East  Machias,  Me.,  March  13,  1874. 

Lowndes,  Lloyd,  jr.,  a  Representative  from 
Maryland;  born  in  Clarksburg,  Va.  (now  West  Vir- 
ginia), February  21,  1845,  was  graduated  from 
Allegheny  college,  Meadville,  Pa.,  in  1865,  and 
from  the  University  of  Pennsylvania  law  school  in 
1867;  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced 
practice  in  Cumberland,  Md.;  elected  as  a  Repub- 
lican to  the  Forty-third  Congress  (March  4,  1873- 
March  3,  1875);  governor  of  Maryland,  1895-1899; 
defeated  for  governor  in  1899;  president  and  di- 
rector of  a  number  of  Maryland  financial  and  other 
institutions;  died  in  Cumberland,  Md.,  January 
6,  1905. 

Lowndes,  Thomas,  a  Representative  from 
South  Carolina;  born  in  Charleston,  S.  C.,  in  1765; 
pursued  an  academic  course;  engaged  in  business; 
elected  to  the  Seventh  and  Eighth  Congresses 


820 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIKECTORY. 


March  4, 1811,  until  May  8,  1822,  when  he  resigned; 
died  at  sea,  November  22,  1822. 

Lo wnd.es,  William,  a  Representative  from 
South  Carolina;  born  in  Charleston,  S.  C.,  Febru- 
ary, 1782;  pursued  classical  studies  in  England  and 
at  home;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and 
commenced  practice  in  1804,  but  soon  abandoned 
it  for  agricultural  pursuits;  captain  of  militia  in 
1807;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Twelfth,  and  to 
the  five  succeeding  Congresses,  and  served  from 
March  4,  1811,  until  May  8,  1822,  when  he  re- 
signed; died  at  sea,  November  22,  1822. 

Lowrie,  Walter,  a  Senator  from  Pennsylvania; 
born  in  Edinburgh,  Scotland,  December  10,  1784; 
located  in  Butler  county,  Pa.,  in  1791;  pursued 
classical  studies;  member  of  the  state  house  of  rep- 
resentatives; elected  to  the  United  States  Senate 
and  served  from  March  4,  1819,  to  March  3,  1825; 
secretary  of  the  United  States  Senate  1825-1836; 
secretary  of  the  Presbyterian  board  of  foreign  mis- 
sions 1836-1868;  died  in  New  York  City,  December 
14,  1868. 

Lowry,  Robert,  a  Representative  from  Indi- 
ana; born  in  Killeleigh,  county  Down,  Ireland, 
in  1822;  moved  to  Rochester,  N.  Y.;  instructed 
in  private  schools  and  had  partial  academic  course ; 
librarian  of  Rochester  athanaeum  and  Young 
Men's  association;  studied  law;  moved  to  Fort 
Wayne,  Ind.,  in  1843;  city  recorder;  was  admitted 
to  the  bar  and  commenced  practice  in  Goshen, 
Ind.,  in  1846;  appointed  circuit  judge  in  1852; 
president  of  the  Democratic  state  convention  and 
delegate  in  the  Democratic  national  convention 
of  1860;  elected  circuit  judge  for  six  years  in  1864; 
reelected  in  1870;  delegate  in  the  Democratic 
national  convention  of  1872;  resigned  the  circuit 
judgship  in  January,  1875;  judge  of  the  superior 
court;  elected  the  first  president  of  the  Indiana 
State  Bar  association  in  July,  1879;  elected  as  a 
Democrat  to  the  Forty-eighth  and  Forty-ninth 
Congresses  (March  4,  1883-March  3,  1887);  resumed 
the  practice  of  law;  died  in  Fort  Wayne,  Ind., 
January  27,  1904. 

Loyall,  George,  a  Representative  from  Vir- 
ginia; born  in  Norfolk,  Va.,  May  29,  1789;  was 
graduated  from  William  and  Mary  college  in  1808; 
visited  England  in  1815;  member  of  the  state  house 
of  representatives  in  1817-1827;  delegate  in  the 
state  constitutional  convention  of  1829;  success- 
fully contested  the  election  of  Thomas  Newton  to 
the  Twenty-first  Congress,  and  served  from  March 
9,  1830,  to  March  3,  1831;  reelected  to  the  Twenty- 
third  and  Twenty-fourth  Congresses  (March  4, 
1833-March  3,  1837);  navy  agent  in  Norfolk,  Va., 
1837-1861,  with  the  exception  of  two  years;  died  in 
Norfolk,  Va.,  February  24,  1868. 

Lucas,  Edward,  a  Representative  from  Vir- 
ginia; born  in  Jefferson  county,  Va.  (now  West 
Virginia),  October  22,  1790;  attended  the  common 
schools  and  Dickinson  college,  Carlisle,  Pa.;  officer 
in  the  war  of  1812;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the 
bar  but  did  not  practice;  member  of  the  state  house 
of  representatives;  elected  as  a  Jackson  Democrat  to 
the  Twenty-third  and  Twenty-fourth  Congresses 
(March  4, 1833-March  3, 1837);  military  storekeeper 
of  ordnance  at  the  Harpers  Ferry  Armory  May  12, 
1847,  until  his  death  in  Harpers  Ferry,  Va.,  March 
4,  1858. 

Lucas,  John  Baptiste  Charles,  a  Representa- 
tive from  Pennsylvania;  born  in  Pont-Auderner, 


Normandy,  France,  August  14,  1758;  attended  the 
Honfleur  and  Paris  law  schools  and  was  graduated 
from  the  law  department  of  the  University  in  Caen 
in  1782;  practiced  in  France  until  1784;  emigrated 
to  the  United  States  and  settled  near  Pittsburgh, 
Pa.,  and  engaged  in  agricultural  pursuits;  member 
of  the  state  house  of  representatives  1792-1798; 
judge  of  the  common  pleas  court  in  1794;  elected 
as  a  Democrat  to  the  Eighth  and  Ninth  Congresses, 
but  resigned  before  the  assembling  of  the  Ninth 
Congress;  moved  to  St.  Louis,  Mo.,  in  1805;  ap- 
pointed by  President  Jefferson  Commissioner  of 
Land  Claims  and  district  judge  of  the  United  States 
court  for  the  northern  part  of  Louisiana  Territory; 
continued  as  judge  until  1820;  died  near  St.  Louis, 
Mo.,  August  18,  1840. 

Lucas,  William,  a  Representative  from  Virginia; 
born  near  Charles  Town,  Jefferson  county,  W.  Va., 
November  30,  1800;  attended  the  public  schools  in 
Charles  Town;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the 
bar,  and  practiced  in  Charles  Town,  W.  Va. ;  elected 
as  a  Democrat  to  the  Twenty-sixth  Congress  (March 

4,  1839-March  3,  1841);  reelected  to  the  Twenty- 
eighth  Congress  (March  4,  1843-March  3,   1845); 
died  on  his  farm  in  Jefferson  county,   W.   Va., 
August  29,  1877. 

Lucas,  William  Vincent,  a  Representative  from 
South  Dakota;  born  near  Delphi,  Carroll  county, 
Ind.,  July  3,  1835;  attended  the  common  schools; 
moved  to  Bremer  county,  Iowa,  in  1856;  enlisted 
in  the  Union  army  in  the  fourteenth  Iowa  infantry; 
promoted  to  captain  in  1863;  elected  treasurer  of 
Bremer  county  and  twice  reelected;  presidential 
elector  on  the  Hayes  ticket  in  1876;  chief  clerk  of 
the  Iowa  house  of  representatives  during  the  sev- 
enteenth and  eighteenth  sessions;  mayor  of  Mason 
City,  Iowa;  elected  state  auditor  in  1880;  declined 
nomination  for  reelection;  moved  to  Chamberlain, 

5.  Dak.,  in  1883,  and  engaged  in  farming;  elected 
treasurer  of  Brule  county  in '1887;  moved  to  Hot 
Springs,  S.  Dak.,  in  1890;  appointed  commandant  of 
the  Soldiers'  Home  in  Hot  Springs,  S.  Dak. ;  elected 
as    a    Republican    to    the    Fifty- third   Congress 
(March  4,  1893-March  3,  1895);  again  appointed 
commandant  of  the  South  Dakota  soldiers'  home 
and  served  one  year;  moved  to  Chamberlain,  S. 
Dak.;  recorder  of  the  United  States  land  office; 
again  appointed  commandant  of  the  South  Dakota 
soldiers'  home;  resigned,  and  moved  to  California, 
and  is  a  resident  of  Santa  Cruz. 

Lucking,  Alfred,  a  Representative  from  Michi- 
gan; born  in  Ingersoll,  Ontario,  December  18,  1856; 
moved  with  his  parents  to  Ypsilanti,  Mich.;  at- 
tended the  Ypsilanti  high  school,  Michigan  state 
normal  college,  and  was  graduated  from  the  law 
department  of  the  University  of  Michigan  in  1878; 
declined  the  appointment  of  park  and  boulevard 
commissioner  of  Detroit,  Mich.,  in  1896;  temporary 
chairman  of  the  Democratic  state  convention  in 
1900,  and  was  both  temporary  and  permanent 
chairman  of  the  state  convention  of  1902;  elected 
as  a  Democrat  to  the  Fifty-eighth  Congress  (March 
4,  1903-March  3,  1905);  resumed  the  practice  of  law 
in  Detroit,  Mich. 

Lumpkin,  John  Henry,  a  Representative  from 
Georgia;  born  in  Oglethorpe  county,  Ga.,  June  13, 
1812;  attended  Franklin  and  Yale  colleges;  studied 
law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced 
practice  in  Rome,  Ga.,  in  1834;  member  of  the  state 
house  of  representatives  in  1835;  solicitor  general 
of  the  Cherokee  circuit  in  1838;  elected  as  a  Demo- 
crat to  the  Twenty-eighth,  Twenty-ninth,  and 


BIOGEAPHIES. 


821 


Thirtieth  Congresses  (March  4, 1843-March  3, 1849) ; 
reelected  to  the  Thirty-fourth  Congress  (March  4, 
1855-March  3,  1857);  judge  of  the  supreme  court 
of  Georgia;  died  in  Rome,  Ga.,  June  6,  1860. 

Liumpkin,  Wilson,  a  Representative  and  a 
Senator  from  Georgia;  born  in  Pittsylvania  county, 
Va.,  January  14,  1783;  attended  the  common 
schools  of  Oglethorpe  county,  Ga.;  studied  law, 
was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced  practice 
in  Athens,  Ga. ;  member  of  the  state  house  of  repre- 
sentatives; elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Fourteenth 
Congress jfMarch  4,  1815-March  3,  1817);  reelected 
to  the  Twentieth  and  Twenty-first  Congresses 
(March  4,  1827-March  3,  1831);  appointed  one  of 
the  commissioners  on  the  Georgia-Florida  boundary 
line;  governor  of  Georgia  1831-1835;  appointed 
commissioner  under  the  Cherokee  treaty  in  1835; 
elected  to  the  United  States  Senate,  to  fill  vacancy 
caused  by  the  resignation  of  John  P.  King,  and 
served  from  November  22,  1837,  to  March  3,  1841; 
member  of  the  state  board  of  public  works;  died  in 
Athens,  Ga,,  December  28,  1870. 

Luna,  Tranquilino,  a  Delegate  from  New 
Mexico;  born  February  23,  1849;  elected  as  a  Re- 
publican to  the  Forty-seventh  Congress  (March  4, 
1881-March  3,  1883);  presented  credentials  as  a 
member-elect  to  the  Forty-eighth  Congress  and 
served  from  March  4,  1883,  until  March  5,  1884, 
when  he  was  succeeded  by  Francisco  A.  Man- 
zanares,  who  contested  his  election. 

Lundin,  Frederick,  a  Representative  from 
Illinois;  born  in  Sweden,  May  18,  1868;  came  to  the 
United  States  and  located  in  Chicago,  111.;  com- 
pleted academic  studies;  engaged  in  business;  presi- 
dent of  Lundin  &  Company,  manufacturing  chem- 
ists; was  a  member  of  the  state  senate  of  Illinois 
1894-1898;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Sixty- 
first  Congress  (March  4,  1909-March  3,  1911);  de- 
feated for  reelection  to  the  Sixty-second  Congress; 
resumed  business  in  Chicago,  111. 

Luttrell,  John  King,  a  Representative  from 
California;  born  near  Knoxville,  Knox  county, 
Tenn.,  June  27, 1831;  attended  the  common  schools; 
moved  to  California;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to 
the  bar,  and  practiced;  engaged  in  farming;  mem- 
ber of  the  legislature  in  1863,  1865,  1866,  1871,  and 
1872;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Forty-third, 
Forty-fourth,  and  Forty-fifth  Congresses  (March  4, 
1873-March  3,  1879);  United  States  commissioner 
of  Fisheries  for  Alaska;  state  prison  director,  1887- 
1889;  died  in  Sitka,  Alaska,  October  4,  1893;  inter- 
ment in  Fort  Jones,  Cal. 

Lybrand,  Archibald,  a  Representative  from 
Ohio;  born  in  Tarlton,  Pickaway  county,  Ohio, 
May  23,  1840;.  moved  to  Delaware  in  1857 ;  attended 
the  Ohio  Wesleyan  university,  Delaware,  Ohio; 
enlisted  in  the  Union  Army,  April  26,  1861,  and 
served  in  company  I,  fourth  Ohio  volunteer  in- 
fantry; transferred  to  company  E,  seventy-third 
Ohio  volunteer  infantry,  and  promoted  to  first 
lieutenant;  remained  in  service  three  years;  re- 
turned to  Delaware,  Ohio;  elected  mayor  of  Dela- 
ware in  1869;  studied  law  and  was  admitted  to  the 
bar  in  1871;  landowner  and  interested  in  farming; 
appointed  postmaster  of  Delaware,  December  20, 
1881,  and  served  four  years;  elected  as  a  Republi- 
can to  the  Fifty-fifth  and  Fifty-sixth  Congresses 
(March  4,  1897-March  3,  1901);  died  in  Daytona, 
Fla.,  February  7,  1910. 


Lyle,  Aaron,  a  Representative  from  Pennsyl- 
vania; born  in  Northampton  county,  Pa.,  Novem- 
ber 17,  1759;  attended  the  common  schools;  served 
in  the  Revolutionary  War;  member  of  the  state 
house  of  representatives,  1797-1801 ;  served  in  the 
state  senate,  1802-1804;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to 
the  Eleventh,  Twelfth,  Thirteenth,  and  Fourteenth 
Congresses  (March  4,  1809-March  3,  1817);  trustee 
of  Jefferson  (now  Washington  and  Jefferson)  col- 
lege, 1802-1822;  died  in  Cross  Creek,  Pa.,  Septem- 
ber 24,  1825. 

Lyman,  Joseph,  a  Representative  from  Iowa; 
born  in  Lyons,  Mich.,  September  13, 1840;  attended 
the  common  schools  and  pursued  an  academic 
course;  enlisted  in  the  Union  Army  in  company  E, 
fourth  Iowa  volunteer  cavalry;  adjutant  of  the 
twenty-ninth  Iowa  infantry  from  October  19, 1862, 
to  February  21,  1865,  and  major  of  the  same  regi- 
ment from  February  21,  1865,  to  August  10,  1865; 
studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  prac- 
ticed in  Council  Bluffs,  Iowa;  deputy  collector 
of  internal  revenue  of  the  fifth  district  of  Iowa  from 
January  1,  1867,  to  March  1,  1870;  judge  of  the  cir- 
cuit court,  1884;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the 
Forty -ninth  and  Fiftieth  Congresses  (March  4, 
1885-March  3,  1889);  died  in  Council  Bluffs,  Iowa, 
July  9,  1890. 

Lyman,  Joseph  S.,  a  Representative  from 
New  York;  born  in  Hampden,  Mass.;  attended 
common  schools;  moved  to  Otsego,  N.  Y.;  elected 
to  the  Sixteenth  Congress  (March  4,  1819-March  3, 
1821);  died  in  Cooperstown,  N.  Y. 

Lyman,  Samuel,  a  Representative  from  Massa- 
chusetts; born  in  Goshen,  Conn.,  January  25,  1749; 
was  graduated  from  Yale  college  in  1770;  studied 
law  in  Litchfield,  Conn.,  was  admitted  to  the  bar, 
and  commenced  practice  in  Hartford,  Conn.; 
member  of  the  state  house  of  representatives,  1786- 
1788;  served  in  the  state  senate,  1790-1793;  elected 
to  the  Fourth,  Fifth,  and  Sixth  Congresses  and 
served  from  March  4, 1795,  until  November  6, 1801, 
when  he  resigned;  moved  to  Springfield;  Mass.; 

edge  of  the  circuit  court;  died  in  Springfield, 
ass.,  June  6,  1802. 

Lyman,  Theodore,  a  Representative  from 
Massachusetts;  born  in  Waltham,  Mass.,  August  23, 
1833;  was  graduated  from  Harvard  college  in  1855, 
and  from  the  Lawrence  scientific  school  in  1858; 
served  during  the  Civil  War  as  lieutenant  colonel 
and  volunteer  aid-de-camp  on  the  staff  of  Major 
General  Meade,  from  September  2,  1863,  to  April 
20,  1865;  member  of  the  American  academy  of 
arts  and  sciences  and  of  the  National  academy 
of  sciences  and  trustee  of  the  Peabody  education 
fund;  one  of  the  state  fishery  commissioners  1865- 
1882;  elected  as  an  Independent  to  the  Forty- 
eighth  Congress  (March  4,  1883-March  3,  1885); 
died  in  Nahant,  Mass.,  September  9,  1897. 

Lyman,  William,  a  Representative  from  Massa- 
chusetts; born  in  Northampton,  Mass.,  December  7, 
1755;  was  graduated  from  Yale  college  in  1776; 
member  of  the  state  senate  in  1789;  served  in  the 
War  of  1812'  ensign  of  the  ninth  Massachusetts  in- 
fantry April  25,  1812;  second  lieutenant  June  26, 
1813;  first  lieutenant  June  10,  1814;  transferred 
to  the  light  artillery  May  17,  1815;  rear  adjutant 
June,  1816,  to  December  31,  1819;  captain  Decem- 
ber 31,  1819;  honorably  discharged  June  1,  1821; 
elected  to  the  Third  and  Fourth  Congresses  (March 
4,  1793-March  3,  1797);  United  States  consul  at 


822 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTOEY. 


London,  England,  from  1805,  until  his  death  in 
London,  England,  September  2,  1811. 

Lynch,  John,  a  Representative  from  Maine; 
born  in  Portland,  Me.,  February  18,  1825;  was 
graduated  from  the  Portland  high  school  in  1842; 
engaged  in  business;  member  of  the  state  legisla- 
ture in  1862  and  1864;  elected  as  a  Republican 
to  the  Thirty-ninth,  Fortieth,  Forty-first,  and 
Forty-second  Congresses  (March  4,  1865-March  3, 
1873);  editor  of  the  Washington  Union  1876. 
1877;  died  in  Portland,  Me.,  July  2,  1892. 

Lynch,  John,  a  Representative  from  Pennsyl- 
vania; born  in  Providence,  R.  I.,  November  1, 
1843;  attended  the  public  schools  and  pursued  an 
academic  course;  worked  on  a  farm  and  at  the  coal 
mines;  taught  school;  studied  law,  was  admitted 
to  the  bar  November  1,  1865,  and  practiced  in 
Wilkes-Barre,  Pa.;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the 
Fiftieth  Congress  CMarch  4,  1887-March  3,  1889). 

Lynch,  John  Boy,  a  Representative  from 
Mississippi;  born  in  Concordia  parish,  La.,  Sep- 
tember 10,  1847;  attended  school  in  Natchez, 
Miss.;  moved  to  Natchez  in  1863;  engaged  in  the 
business  of  photography;  studied  law  and  was 
admitted  to  the  bar  in  1865;  appointed  by  Governor 
Ames  a  justice  of  the  peace  in  1869;  member  of  the 
state  legislature,  1869-1873;  served  the  last  term 
as  speaker  of  the  house;  delegate  in  the  Republican 
national  conventions  of  1872,  1884,  1888,  1892  and 
1900;  temporary  chairman  of  the  Republican 
national  convention  in  1884;  elected  as  a  Repub- 
lican to  the  Forty-third  and  Forty-fourth  Con- 
gresses (March  4,  1873-March  3,  1877);  reelected 
to  the  Forty-seventh  Congress  (March  4,  1881- 
March  3,  1883);  fourth  auditor  of  the  Treasury 
for  the  Navy  department  under  President  Harri- 
son, 1889-1893;  appointed  a  major  and  additional 
paymaster  of  volunteers  during  the  Spanish  war  by- 
President  McKinley  in  1898;  appointed  by  Presi- 
dent McKinley  a  paymaster  in  the  Tegular  army, 
with  rank  of  captain  in  1901;  prompted  to  major 
in  1906;  retired  on  account  of  age  in  1911;  resi- 
dent of  Oakland,  Cal. 

Lynch,  Thomas,  a  Representative  from  Wis- 
consin; born  in  Granville,  Milwaukee  county,  Wis., 
November  21,  1844;  attended  the  public  schools; 
moved  to  Calumet  county  in  1863  and  continued 
farming  and  also  taught  school;  held  various  local 
offices;  member  of  the  Wisconsin  legislature  in 
1873  and  1883;  was  graduated  from  the  law  depart- 
ment of  the  Wisconsin  university  in  1875;  was 
admitted  to  the  bar,  and  practiced ;  district  attorney 
1878-1882;  moved  to  Antigo,  Langlade  county, 
Wis.,  in  1883;  mayor  of  Antigo  in  1885  and  1888; 
elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Fifty-second  and 
Fifty-third  Congresses  (March  4,  1891-March  3, 
1895);  died  in  Antigo,  Wis.,  May  4,  1898. 

Lynch,  Thomas,  sr.,  a  Delegate  from  South 
Carolina;  born  in  South  Carolina  about  1720;  active 
in  pre-Revolutionary  affairs;  Delegate  in  the  Colo- 
nial Congress  in  1765;  sat  in  the  Continental  Con- 
gress 1774-1776;  resigned  on  account,  of  ill  health; 
died  in  South  Carolina  in  1776. 

Lynch,  Thomas,  jr.,  a  Delegate  from  South 
Carolina;  born  in  Prince  George  parish,  S.  C., 
August  5,  1749;  studied  in  Eton  and  Cambridge, 
England,  also  in  the  Temple  in  London;  returned 
to  America  in  1772;  became  a  planter  on  the  North 
San  tee  River;  served  a  short  time  in  the  Revolu- 


tionary war;  Delegate  in  the  Continental  Congress, 
to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  the  resignation  of  Thomas 
Lynch,  sr.,  and  served  1776-1777;  drowned  at  sea 
in  the  latter  part  of  1779. 

Lynde,  William  Pitt,  a  Representative  from 
Wisconsin;  born  in  Sherburne,  Chenango  county, 
N.  Y.,  December  16,  1817;  was  graduated  from 
Yale  college  in  1838;  studied  law  and  was  admitted 
to  the  bar  in  New  York;  moved  to  Wisconsin  in 
1841;  appointed  attorney  general  of  Wisconsin  in 
1844;  United  States  district  attorney  for  Wisconsin 
in  1845;  elected  mayor  of  Milwaukee  in  1860;  mem- 
ber of  the  state  house  of  representatives  in  1866; 
served  in  the  state  senate  1868-1869;  elected  as  a 
Democrat  to  the  Thirtieth  Congress  (March  4, 
1857-March  3,  1849);  reelected  to  the  Forty-fourth 
and  Forty-fifth  Congresses  (March  4,  1875-March 

3,  1879);  died  in  Milwaukee,  Wis.,  December  18, 
1885. 

Lyon,  Asa,  a  Representative  from  Vermont; 
born  in  Pomfret,  Conn.,  December  31,  1763;  wa8 
graduated  from  Dartmouth  college  in  1791;  pastor 
in  Sunderland,  Mass.;  studied  law,  was  admitted 
to  the  bar,  and  commenced  practice  in  South  Hero, 
Vt. ;  chief  justice  of  Grand  Island  county  1805^1814; 
member  of  the  state  house  of  representatives  1800- 
1810  and  1814;  executive  councilor  in  1808;  elected 
as  a  Federalist  to  the  Fourteenth  Congress  (March 

4,  1815-March  3,  1817);  died  in  South  Hero,  Vt., 
April  4,  1841. 

Lypn,  Caleb,  a  Representative  from  New  York; 
born  in  Greig,  N.  Y.,  December  7,  1822;  was  grad- 
uated from  Norwich  university  of  Vermont  in  1841; 
United  States  consul  at  Shanghai,  China,  1845- 
1849;  secretary  of  the  California  constitutional 
convention;  state  representative  and  senator  in 
1851;  elected  aa  an  Independent  to  the  Thirty- 
third  Congress  (March  4,  1853-March  3,  1855); 
moved  to  Staten  Island,  N.  Y.;  governor  of  Idaho 
Territory  1864-1866;  died  near  Rossville,  N.  Y., 
September  8,  1875. 

Lyon,  Chittenden,  a  Representative  from 
Kentucky;  born  in  Vermont  in  1786;  attended  the 
common  schools;  moved  to  Kentucky  in  1801; 
served  in  both  branches  of  the  legislature;  elected 
as  a  Democrat  to  the  Twentieth,  Twenty-first, 
Twenty-second  and  Twenty-third  Congresses 
(March  4,  1827-March  3,  1835);  died  in  Caldwell 
county,  Ky.,  November  8,  1842. 

Lyon,  Francis  Strother,  a  Representative  from 
Alabama;  born  in  Stokes  county,  N.  C.,  about 
1800;  attended  the  common  schools;  moved  to 
Demopolis,  Ala. ;  elected  as  a  Whig  to  the  Twenty- 
fourth  and  Twenty-fifth  Congresses  (March  4,  1835- 
March  3,  1839);  elected  in  1863  to  the  second  Con- 
federate congress. 

Lyon,  Lucius,  a  Delegate,  a  Representative, 
and  a  Senator  from  Michigan;  born  in  Shelbourne, 
Vt.,  February  26,  1800;  attended  the  common 
schools;  moved  to  Bronson,  Michigan Ty. ;  land  sur- 
veyor; elected  as  a  Democrat  a  Delegate  to  the 
Twenty-third  Congress  (March  4,  1833-March  3, 
1835);  elected  to  the  United  States  Senate  upon 
the  admission  of  the  state  into  the  Union,  and 
served  from  January  26,  1837,  to  March  3,  1839; 
surveyor  general  of  public  lands  in  the  Northwest; 
reelected  a  Representative  to  the  Twenty-eighth 
Congress  (March  4,  1843-March  3,  1845;  died  in 
Detroit,  Mich.,  September  24,  1851. 


BIOGRAPHIES. 


823 


Lyon,  Matthew,  a  Representative  from  Ver- 
mont and  Kentucky,  and  a  Delegate  from  Arkansas 
Territory;  born  in  county  Wicklow,  Ireland,  in 
1746;  emigrated  to  America  in  1759;  became  promi- 
nent in  ante-Revolutionary  affairs;  deputy  pay- 
master in  the  Revolutionary  army  in  1778;  clerk 
of  the  court  of  confiscation  in  1786;  founder  of  Fair- 
field,  Vt.,  in  1783;  state  representative  1784-1794; 
elected  from  Vermont  to  the  Fifth  and  Sixth  Con- 
gresses (March  4,  1797-March  3,  1801);  moved  to 
Kentucky;  elected  from  Kentucky  to  the  Eighth, 
Ninth,  Tenth,  and  Eleventh  Congresses  (March  4 
1803-March  3, 1811);  appointed  United  States  factor 
among  the  Cherokee  Indians  in  Arkansas;  elected 
Delegate  from  Arkansas  Territory  to  the  Sixteenth 
Congress,  but  died  before  the  assembling  of  the 
Congress,  in  Spadra  Bluff,  Ark.,  August  1,  1822. 

Lytle,  Robert  Todd,  a  Representative  from 
Ohio;  born  in  Williamsburg,  Clermont  county, 
Ohio,  September  19,  1804;  attended  the  common 
schools  and  Cincinnati  college;  studied  law  in 
Louisville,  Ky.,  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1824, 
and  commenced  practice  in  Cincinnati,  Ohio; 
elected  to  the  state  legislature  in  1828;  elected  as  a 
Jackson  Democrat  to  the  Twenty-third  Congress, 
and  served  from  March  4,  1833,  until  March  10, 
1834,  when  he  resigned;  reelected  to  fill  vacancy 
caused  by  his  own  resignation  and  served  from 
December  27,  1834,  to  March  3,  1835;  appointed 
February  22,  1836,  surveyor  general  of  public 
lands  in  Ohio;  major  general  of  Ohio  militia;  died 
in  New  Orleans,  La.,  December  22,  1839. 

McAdoo,  William,  a  Representative  from  New 
Jersey;  born  in  Ireland,  October  25,  1853;  came 
with  his  parents  to  Jersey  City;  attended  the  com- 
mon schools;  studied  law,  and  was  admitted  to  the 
bar  in  1874;  member  of  the  legislature  of  New  Jer- 
sey; elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Forty-eighth, 
Forty-ninth,  Fiftieth,  and  Fifty-first  Congresses 
(March  4,  1883-March  3,  1891);  moved  to  New  York 
in  1892;  assistant  Secretary  of  Navy  1893-1896; 
police  commissioner  of  New  York  City  1904-1905; 
resumed  the  practice  of  law;  appointed  by  Mayor 
Gaynor  chief  city  magistrate  of  the  city  magis- 
trates' courts,  first  division,  city  of  New  York, 
July  1,  1910. 

McAleer,  William,  a  Representative  from  Penn- 
sylvania; born  in  county  Tyrone,  Ireland,  January 
6,  1838;  came  to  Philadelphia  with  his  parents  in 
1851;  attended  public  and  private  schools;  elected 
a  member  of  common  councils  from  the  fifth  ward 
in  1871  for  a  term  of  two  years;  elected  by  councils 
in  1873  a  member  of  the  board  of  guardians  of  the 
poor  for  a  term  of  three  years,  and  reelected  five 
consecutive  terms;  vice  president  and  president 
of  the  board;  member  of  the  commercial  exchange; 
director,  vice  president,  and  president  of  the 
same;  director  of  the  chamber  of  commerce  in 
1880;  elected  to  the  state  senate  in  1886  for  a  term 
of  four  years;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Fifty- 
second  and  Fifty-third  Congresses  (March  4,  1891- 
March  3,  1895);  reelected  to  the  Fifty-fifth  and 
Fifty-sixth  Congresses  (March  4,  1893-March  3 
1901). 

McAllister,  Archibald,  a  Representative  from 
Pennsylvania;  born  in  Dauphin  county,  Pa.,  in 
1814;  attended  the  public  schools;  engaged  in  iron 
manufacturing;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the 
Thirty-eighth  Congress  (March  4,  1863-March  3 
1865). 

McAndrews,   James,   a   Representative  from 
Illinois;  born  in  Woonsocket,  R.  I.,  October  22, 


1862;  attended  common  schools;  moved  to  Chicago, 
111.,  and  engaged  in  business;  elected  as  a  Demo- 
crat to  the  Fifty-seventh  and  Fifty-eighth  Con- 
gresses (March  4,  1901-March  3,  1905). 

McArthur,  Duncan,  a  Representative  from 
Ohio;  born  in  Dutchess  county,  N.  Y.,  June  14, 
1772;  moved  to  western  Pennsylvania,  then  to 
Chillicothe,  Ohio;  member  of  the  state  house  of 
representatives  in  1805,  1815,  1817,  and  1819, 
and  was  speaker  the  last-named  year;  served 
as  colonel  and  brigadier  general  in  the  militia, 
and  held  like  commissions  in  the  volunteers 
of  the  War  of  1812;  elected  to  the  Thirteenth  Con- 
gress, but  declined  to  leave  the  army;  elected  as  a 
Democrat  to  the  Eighteenth  Congress  (March  4, 
1823-March  3,  1825);  Indian  treaty  commissioner 
in  1816;  governor  of  Ohio,  1830-1832;  unsuccessful 
candidate  for  reelection  to  the  Twenty-third  Con- 
gress; died  in  Chillicothe,  Ohio,  April  28,  1839. 

McBride,  George  Wycliffe,  a  Senator  from  Ore- 
gon; born  in  Yamhill  county,  Oreg.,  March  13, 
1854;  attended  the  public  schools,  the  preparatory 
department  of  Willamette  university  and  Chris- 
tian college,  Monmouth,  Oreg.,  for  two  years; 
studied  law  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  but  never 
practiced;  engaged  in  mercantile  business;  member 
of  the  state  house  of  representatives  in  1882,  and 
served  as  speaker;  secretary  of  state  of  Oregon  in 
1886  and  1895;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  United 
States  Senate  February  23,  1895,  and  served  from 
March  4,  1895,  until  March  3,  1901;  in  March,  1901, 
appointed  a  United  States  commissioner  to  the 
St.  Louis  exposition  of  1904;  died  in  Portland, 
Oreg.,  June  18,  1911. 

McBride,  John  Rogers,  a  Representative  from 
Oregon;  born  in  Franklin  county,  Mo.,  August  22, 
1832;  attended  the  public  schools;  moved  to  Ore- 
gon in  1846;  superintendent  of  schools,  1854; 
studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  com- 
menced practice  in  Lafayette,  Oreg.,  in  1855; 
delegate  to  the  state  constitutional  convention; 
member  of  the  state  senate;  elected  as  a  Republican 
to  the  Thirty-eighth  Congress  (March  4,  1863- 
March  3,  1865);  appointed  by  President  Grant 
United  States  judge  for  Idaho;  member  of  the  Re- 
.publican  National  committee  1880-1892;  died  in 
Spokane,  Wash.,  July  20,  1904. 

McBryde,  Archibald,  a  Representative  from 
North  Carolina;  native  of  Moore  county,  N.  C.; 
elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Eleventh  and  Twelfth 
Congresses  (March  4,  1809-March  3,  1813);  twice  a 
member  of  the  state  senate. 

McCall,  John  Etheridge,  a  Representative 
from  Tennessee;  born  in  Clarksburg,  Carroll  county, 
Tenn.,  August  14,  1859;  attended  the  public 
schools,  and  was  graduated  from  the  University 
of  Tennessee  in  1881;  studied  law  in  Huntingdon, 
Tenn.,  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1883;  edited 
the  Tennessee  Republican  during  1882;  located  in 
Lexington,  Tenn.,  in  December,  1883,  and  con- 
tinued the  practice  of  law;  unsuccessful  candidate 
for  district  attorney  in  1886;  member  of  the  Ten- 
nessee legislature  in  1887  and  1889;  delegate  in 
the  Chicago  convention  of  1888;  appointed  assistant 
United  States  district  attorney  for  West  Tennessee 
in  1890,  which  office  he  resigned  in  1891;  unsuc- 
cessful candidate  for  governor  before  the  Repub- 
lican state  convention  in  1892;  elected  as  a  Repub- 
lican to  the  Fifty-fourth  Congress  (March  4,  1895- 
March  3, 1897);  delegate  to  the  Republican  national 
convention  in  Philadelphia  in  1900;  unsuccessful 


824 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIEECTORY. 


Republican  candidate  for  governor  of  Tennessee 
in  1900;  collector  of  internal  revenue  of  the  fifth 
district  of  Tennessee,  1902-1905;  appointed  United 
States  district  judge  for  the  western  district  of 
Tennessee;  a  resident  of  Memphis,  Tenn. 

McCall,  Samuel  Walker,  a  Representative 
from  Massachusetts;  born  in  East  Providence,  Pa., 
February  28,  1851;  spent  early  life  in  Illinois; 
was  graduated  from  New  Hampton  (N.  H.)  acad- 
emy in  1870,  and  from  Dartmouth  college  in  1874; 
was  admitted  to  the  bar  and  practiced  law  in 
Boston,  Mass.;  editor  of  the  Boston  Daily  Adver- 
tiser; member  of  the  Massachusetts  house  of  rep- 
resentatives in  1888-1889,  and  1892;  delegate  in  the 
Republican  national  conventions  of  1888  and  1900; 
elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Fifty- third,  and 
to  the  eight  succeeding  Congresses  (March  4,  1893- 
March  3,  1911).  Reelected  to  the  Sixty-second  Con- 
gress. 

McCarthy,  Dennis,  a  Representative  from  New 
York;  born  in  Salina,  N.  Y.,  March  19,  1814;  pur- 
sued an  academic  course;  engaged  in  salt  manu- 
facturing; member  of  state  house  of  representa- 
tives in  1846;  served  in  the  state  senate  1876-1885; 
mayor  of  Syracuse,  N.  Y.,  in  1853;  elected  as  a 
Republican  to  the  Fortieth  and  Forty-first  Con- 
gresses (March  4,  1867-March  3,  1871);  unsuccessful 
candidate  for  reelection  to  the  Forty-second  Con- 
gress; president  of  state  senate  in  1885;  elected 
lieutenant-governor  of  New  York,  January  6,  1885; 
died  in  Syracuse,  N.  Y.,  February  14,  1886. 

McCarthy,  John  Henry,  a  Representative  from 
New  York;  born  in  New  York  City,  November  16, 
1850;  attended  the  De  La  Salle  institute,  Christian 
Brothers,  and  St.  Francis  Xavier  college,  but  did 
not  complete  the  course;  engaged  in  mercantile 
pursuits;  studied  law  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar; 
member  of  the  legislature  of  New  York  in  1880 
and  1881;  elected  civil  justice  for  the  fifth  judicial 
district  in  the  city  of  New  York  for  the  term  of  six 
years  in  1882;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Fifty- 
first  Congress  and  served  from  March  4,  1889,  until 
he  resigned,  January  14,  1891;  justice  of  the  city 
court  of  New  York  City  from  1891  until  his  death 
in  New  York  City,  February  5,  1908. 

McCarthy,  John  Jay,  a  Representative  from 
Nebraska;  bom  in  Stoughton,  Wis.,  July  19,  1857; 
attended  the  common  schools  and  Albion  academy; 
moved  to  Nebraska  in  1879,  and  in  the  fall  of  1882 
removed  to  Dixon  county;  was  admitted  to  the  bar 
in  1884,  and  practiced  law;  elected  county  attorney 
of  Dixon  county  in  1890,  1892,  and  1894;  elected 
representative  in  the  legislature  of  Nebraska  in  1898 
and  1900;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Fifty- 
eighth  and  Fifty-ninth  Congresses  (March  4,  1903- 
March  3,  1907);  resumed  the  practice  of  law  in 
Ponca,  Nebr. 

McCarty,  Andrew  Zimmerman,  a  Represent- 
ative from  New  York;  born  in  Rhinebeck,  Dutch- 
ess  county,  N.  Y.,  July  14,  1808;  studied  law,  was 
admitted  to  the  bar,  and  practiced  in  Pulaski, 
Oswego  county,  N.  Y.;  county  clerk  of  Oswego 
county  1840-1843;  member  of  the  state  house  of 
representatives  1846-1847;  elected  as  a  Whig  to 
the  Thirty-fourth  Congress  (March  4,  1855-March  3, 
1857);  died  in  Pulaski,  Oswego  county,  N.  Y., 
April  23, 1879. 

McCarty,  Jonathan,  a  Representative  from 
Indiana;  born  in  Tennessee  about  1800;  attended 
the  public  schools;  moved  to  Franklin  county, 


Ind.;  state  representative;  moved  to  Connorsviller 
Fayette  county;  held  several  county  offices; 
elected  as  a  Whig  to  the  Twenty-second,  Twenty- 
third,  and  Twenty-fourth  Congresses  (March  4, 
1831-March  3,  1839);  unsuccessful  candidate  for 
reelection  to  the  Twenty-fifth  Congress;  died  in 
Keokuk,  Iowa,  in  1855. 

McCarty,  Richard,  a  Representative  from  New 
York;  native  of  Albany,  N.  Y.;  attended  the 
public  schools;  elected  to  the  Seventeenth  Con- 
gress (March  4,  1821-March  3,  1823). 

McCarty,  William  M.,  a  Representative  from 
Virginia;  native  of  Loudoun  county,  Va.;  elected 
as  a  Whig  to  the  Twenty-sixth  Congress,  to  fill 
vacancy  caused  by  the  resignation  of  Charles  F. 
Mercer,  and  served  from  January  25,  1840,  to  March 
3,  1841. 

McCauslen,  William  Cochran,  a  Representa- 
tive from  Ohio;  born  in  Pennsylvania  in  1808; 
attended  the  public  schools;  located  in  Steuben- 
ville,  Ohio;  member  of  the  Ohio  general  assembly 
1832-1833;  owned  and  edited  a  Democratic  news- 
paper in  Steubenville;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to 
the  Twenty-eighth  Congress  (March  4,  1843-March 
3,  1845;  died  in  Steubenville,  Ohio,  in  1862. 

McClammy,  Charles  Washington,  a  Repre- 
sentative from  North  Carolina;  born  in  Scotts  Hill, 
N.  C.,  May  29,  1839;  pursued  an  academic  course, 
and  was  graduated  from  the  University  of  North 
Carolina  in  1859;  engaged  in  teaching  1859-1861; 
entered  the  Confederate  army  in  1861;  by  succes- 
sive promotions  became  major  of  the  third  North 
Carolina  cavalry  regiment,  and  surrendered  at 
Appomattox;  engaged  in  farming;  elected  a  mem- 
ber of  the  house  of  commons  of  North  Carolina  in 
1866  and  of  the  state  senate  in  1871;  Democratic 
elector  in  1884;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Fif- 
tieth and  Fifty-first  Congresses  (March  4,  1887— 
March  3, 1891);  died  in  Scotts  Hill,  N.  C.,  February 
26,  1896. 

McCleary,  James  Thompson,  a  Representa- 
tive from  Minnesota;  born  in  Ingersoll,  Ontario, 
February  5,  1853;  attended  the  public  schools  and 
McGill  university,  Montreal ;  taught  school  for  some 
years  in  Wisconsin;  resigned  the  superintendency 
of  the  Pierce  county,  Wis.,  schools  in  1881  to 
become  state  institute  conductor  of  Minnesota  and 
an  instructor  in  the  normal  school  in  Mankato; 
continued  in  this  position  until  June,  1892;  presi- 
dent of  the  Minnesota  educational  association  in 
1891;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Fifty-third, 
and  to  the  six  succeeding  Congresses  (March  4, 
1893-March  3,  1907);  unsuccessful  candidate  for 
reelection  to  the  Sixtieth  and  Sixty-first  Congresses; 
second  assistant  postmaster  general  1907-1908; 
moved  to  New  York  City. 

McClellan,  Abraham,  a  Representative  from 
Tennessee;  born  in  Sullivan  county,  Tenn.,  Octo- 
ber 4,  1789;  farmer;  elected  to  the  state  legislature 
four  times;  served  in  the  state  senate  two  terms; 
member  of  the  convention  to  revise  the  state  con- 
stitution in  1834;  served  in  the  Indian  war  of  1836; 
elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Twenty-fifth,  Twenty- 
sixth,  and  Twenty-seventh  Congresses  (March  4, 
1837-March  3,  1843);  died  in  Sullivan  county, 
Tenn.,  May  3,  1866. 

McClellan,  Charles  A.  O.,  a  Representative 
from  Indiana;  born  in  Ashland,  Ohio,  May  25,  1835; 
moved  to  Auburn,  Ind.,  in  1856;  attended  the 
public  schools;  studied  law  in  Auburn,  was  admit- 


BIOGRAPHIES. 


825 


ted  to  the  bar  in  1860,  and  began  practice  in 
Auburn;  engaged  in  the  banking  business  in  1868; 
appointed  judge  of  the  fortieth  circuit  of  Indiana 
by  Governor  Williams  in  1879,  and  served  for  two 
years;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Fifty-first  and 
Fifty-second  Congresses  (March  4,  1889-March  3, 
1893);  died  in  Auburn,  Ind.,  January  31,  1898. 

McClellan,  George  Brinton,  a  Representative 
from  New  York;  born  in  Dresden,  Saxony,  Novem- 
ber 23,  1865,  where  his  parents  had  gone  on  a  visit; 
was  graduated  from  Princeton  college  in  1886; 
worked  as  a  reporter  and  in  editorial  positions  on 
several  New  York  newspapers;  studied  law,  and 
was  admitted  to  the  bar;  president  of  the  board  of 
aldermen  of  the  city  and  county  of  New  York  in 
1892  and  1893;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Fifty- 
fourth,  Fifty-fifth,  Fifty-sixth,  Fifty-seventh,  and 
Fifty-eighth  Congresses,  and  served  from  March  4, 
1895,  until  December  21,  1903,  when  he  resigned 
to  become  mayor  of  New  York  City;  served  as 
mayor  until  January,  1910. 

McClellan,  Robert,  a  Representative  from  New 
York;  born  in  Livingston,  N.  Y.,  October  2,  1806; 
was  graduated  from  Williams  college  in  1825;  stud- 
ied law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar  and  practiced  in 
Middleboro,  N.  Y.,  1828-1843;  elected  as  a  Demo- 
crat to  the  Twenty-fifth  Congress  (March  4,  1837- 
March  3,  1839);  reelected  to  the  Twenty-seventh 
Congress  (March  4,  1841-March  3,  1843);  died  in 
Greenpoint,  N.  Y.,  June  28,  1860. 

McClelland,  Robert,  a  Representative  from 
Michigan;  born  in  Greencastle,  Pa.,  August  1, 1807; 
was  graduated  from  Dickinson  college,  Carlisle, 
Pa.,  in  1829;  engaged  in  teaching;  was  admitted 
to  the  bar  in  Chambersburg,  Pa.,  in  1831;  moved 
to  Pittsburgh,  Pa.,  then  in  1833  to  Monroe,  Mich., 
and  practiced  law;  delegate  in  the  state  constitu- 
tional conventions  of  1835,  1850,  and  1867;  state 
representative  1838-1843,  the  last  year  served  as 
speaker;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Twenty- 
eighth,  Twenty-ninth,  and  Thirtieth  Congresses 
(March  4,  1843-March  3,  1849);  delegate  in  the 
Democratic  national  conventions  of  1848,  1852,  and 
1868;  governor  of  Michigan  1851-1853,  resigned; 
Secretary  of  the  Interior  March  7,  1853-March  6, 
1857;  died  in  Detroit,  Mich.,  August  27,  1880. 

McClelland,  William,  a  Representative  from 
Pennsylvania;  born  in  Mount  Jackson,  Pa.,  March 
2,  1842;  attended  the  Westminster  college  in  New 
Wilmington,  Pa.;  served  for  more  than  four  years 
in  the  Civil  war;  attended  the  Allegheny  college; 
studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  com- 
menced practice  in  Mount  Jackson  in  1870;  elected 
as  a  Democrat  to  the  Forty -second  Congress  (March 
4,  1871-March  3,  1873);  unsuccessful  candidate  for 
reelection  to  the  Forty-third  Congress. 

McClenachan,  Blair,  a  Representative  from 
Pennsylvania;  born  in  Ireland;  came  to  Philadel- 
phia, Pa.,  at  an  early  age;  engaged  in  mercantile 
pursuits;  served  in  the  Revolutionary  war;  member 
of  the  state  legislature  1790-1795;  elected  to  the 
Fifth  Congress  (March  4,  1797-March  3,  1799);  died 
in  Philadelphia,  Pa.,  May  8,  1812. 

McClene,  James,  a  Delegate  from  Pennsyl- 
vania; born  in  New  London,  Pa.,  October  11,  1730; 
member  of  the  constitutional  convention  of  1776 
to  form  a  constitution  for  Pennsylvania;  member 
of  the  state  assembly  1776-1777;  member  of  the 
supreme  executive  council  1778-1779;  elected 
to  the  Continental  Congress  1779-1780;  member  of 


the  Constitutional  Convention  of  1789-1790; 
served  in  the  state  house  of  representatives  1790— 
1791  and  1793-1794;  died  in  Antrim,  Pa.,  March 
13,  1806. 

McClernand,  John  Alexander,  a  Represent- 
ative from  Illinois;  born  in  Breckinridge  county, 
Ky.,  May  30,  1812;  moved  to  Illinois;  studied  law, 
was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced  practice 
in  Shawneetown,  111.;  served  in  the  Black  Hawk 
war;  state  representative  1836,  1840,  1842,  and 
1843;  presidential  elector  on  the  Van  Buren  and 
Johnson  ticket;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Twen- 
ty-eighth, Twenty-ninth,  Thirtieth,  and  Thirty- 
first  Congresses  (March  4,  1843-March  3,  1851); 
reelected  to  the  Thirty-sixth  and  Thirty-seventh 
Congresses,  and  served  from  March  4,  1859,  until 
October  28,  1861,  when  he  resigned;  returned  to 
Illinois  to  raise  troops  for  the  Union  army,  and 
served  through  the  Civil  war;  elected  circuit  judge 
in  1870;  presided  over  Democratic  national  con- 
vention in  1876;  died  in  Springfield,  111.,  Septem- 
ber 20,  1900. 

McClure,  Addison  S.,  a  Representative  from 
Ohio;  born  in  Wooster,  Ohio,  October  10,  1839; 
pursued  an  academic  course  in  Jefferson  college, 
Pa.;  studied  law,  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in 
April,  1861;  entered  the  army  as  a  private  in  April, 
1861,  and  elected  captain  of  company  H,  sixteenth 
Ohio  infantry  volunteers,  in  October  of  the  same 
year,  and  discharged  on  account  of  expiration  of 
service  in  the  fall  of  1864;  elected  recorder  in 
Wooster  in  1867;  appointed  postmaster  of  Wooster 
in  1867;  reappointed  in  1872,  and  1876;  delegate  in 
the  Republican  national  convention  in  Chicago 
in  1868  and  in  Cincinnati  in  1876;  elected  as  a  Re- 
publican to  the  Forty-seventh  Congress  (March  4, 
1881-March  3,  1883);  reelected  to  the  Fifty-fourth 
Congress  (March  4,  1895-March  3,  1897);  resumed 
the  .practice  of  law  in  Wooster,  Ohio. 

McClure,  Charles,  a  Representative  from  Penn- 
sylvania; elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Twenty-fifth 
Congress,  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  the  death  of 
William  S.  Ramsey;  reelected  to  the  Twenty-sixth 
Congress,  and  served  from  December  7,  1840,  to 
March  3,  1841;  secretary  of  state  of  Pennsylvania; 
died  in  Pittsburgh,  Pa.,  February  8,  1846. 

McClurg,  Joseph  Washington,  a  Representa- 
tive from  Missouri;  born  in  St.  Louis  county,  Mo., 
February  22,  1818;  attended  the  Xenia  academy 
and  Oxford  college;  taught  school  in  Louisiana  and 
Mississippi  in  1835-1836;  moved  to  Texas;  circuit 
court  clerk  in  1840;  returned  to  Missouri  and  en- 
gaged in  business  in  1844;  served  in  the  Civil  war 
as  colonel  of  cavalry  in  the  Union  army;  member 
of  the  state  convention  1861-1863;  elected  as  an 
Emancipationist  to  the  Thirty-eighth  Congress, 
and  reelected  as  a  Radical  to  the  Thirty-ninth  and 
Fortieth  Congresses;  and  served  from  March  4,1865, 
until  his  resignation  in  1868;  died  in  Lebanon,  Mo., 
December  2,  1900. 

McCoid,  Moses  Ayers,  a  Representative  from 
Iowa;  born  in  Logan  county,  Ohio,  November  5, 
1840;  attended  Fairfield  university  and  Washing- 
ton college,  Pennsylvania;  studied  law  in  Fairfield, 
Iowa,  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  practiced 
in  Fairfield  1858-1861;  enlisted  as  a  private  in 
company  E,  second  regiment  Iowa  volunteer 
infantry,  May  6,  1861;  commissioned  a  second  lieu- 
tenant; acting  adjutant  of  the  regiment  during  the 
advance  on  Corinth  and  in  the  spring  of  1862; 
engaged  in  the  practice  of  law  in  Fairfield ;  district 


826 


CONGRESSIONAL   DIRECTORY. 


attorney  of  the  sixth  judicial  district  of  Iowa  from 
January,  1867,  to  January,  1871;  member  of  the 
state  senate  of  Iowa  1872-1879;  elected  as  a  Repub- 
lican to  the  Forty-sixth,  Forty-seventh,  and  Forty- 
eighth  Congresses  (March  4,  1879^-March  3,  1885); 
resumed  the  practice  of  law;  died  in  Fairfield, 
Iowa,  May  19,  1904.  C 

McComas,  Louis  Emory,  a  Representative 
and  a  Senator  from  Maryland ;  born  in  Washington 
county,  Md.,  October  28,  1846;  attended  St.  James 
college,  Maryland;  was  graduated  from  Dickinson 
college,  Pennsylvania,  in  1866;  studied  law,  was  ad- 
mitted to  the  bar  in  Hagerstown,  Md.,  in  1868, 
and  practiced  until  1892;  professor  of  international 
law  in  the  law  school  of  Georgetown  university; 
defeated  Republican  candidate  for  the  Forty-fifth 
Congress;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Forty- 
eighth,  Forty-ninth,  Fiftieth,  and  Fifty-first  Con- 
gresses (March  4,  1883-March  3,  1891);  unsuccessful 
candidate  for  reelection  to  the  Fifty-second  Con- 
gress; delegate  at  large  to  the  Republican  national 
conventions  in  1892  and  1900,  and  during  the  presi- 
dential campaign  of  1892  was  secretary  of  the  Re- 
publican national  committee;  on  November  17, 
1892,  appointed  by  President  Harrison  an  associate 
justice  of  the  supreme  court  of  the  District  of 
Columbia,  which  office  he  held  when  elected  as  a 
Republican  to  the  United  States  Senate,  and  served 
from  March  4,  1899,  until  March  3,  1905;  appointed 
a  justice  of  the  court  of  appeals  of  the  District  of 
Columbia;  died  in  Washington,  D.  C.,  November 
10,  1907. 

McComas,  William,  a  Representative  from  Vir- 
ginia; native  of  Virginia;  elected  as  a  Whig  to  the 
Twenty-third  and  Twenty-fourth  Congresses 
(March  4,  1833-March  3,  1837). 

McComb,  Eleazer,  a  Delegate  from  Delaware; 
sat  in  the  Continental  Congress  1782-1784. 

McConnell,  Felix  Grundy,  a  Representative 
from  Alabama;  born  in  Nashville,  Tenn.,  in  1809; 
moved  to  Talladega,  Ala. ;  studied  law,  was  admit- 
ted to  the  bar  and  practiced;  member  of  the  state 
house  of  representatives  in  1838;  served  in  the 
state  senate  1839-1843;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to 
the  Twenty-eighth  and  Twenty-ninth  Congresses, 
and  served  from  March  4,  1843,  until  his  death  in 
Washington,  D.  C.,  September  10,  1846. 

McConnell,  William  J.,  a  Senator  from  Idaho; 
born  in  Commerce,  Oakland  county,  Mich.,  Sep- 
tember 18,  1839;  pursued  an  academic  course; 
went  to  California  in  1860  and  engaged  in  mining, 
in  the  cattle  business,  merchandising,  and  banking; 
resided  in  Oregon  1862-1863,  and  taught  school  in 
Yamhill  county;  went  to  Idaho  in  1863;  deputy 
United  States  marshal  1865-1867;  returned  to 
California  and  was  engaged  in  the  cattle  business 
five  years;  returned  to  Idaho;  elected  to  and  presi- 
dent of  the  Oregon  state  senate  in  1882;  member  of 
the  national  convention  which  nominated  James 
G.  Blaine  for  President;  also  a  member  of  the  con- 
stitutional convention  of  Idaho;  elected  as  a  Re- 
publican to  the  United  States  Senate  December  18, 
1890,  and  served  from  December  18,  1890,  to  March 
3,  1891;  elected  governor  of  Idaho  in  1892,  and  re- 
elected  in  1894;  appointed  Indian  inspector  by 
President  McKinley  in  1897. 

McCook,  Anson  George,  a  Representative 
from  New  York;  born  in  Steubenville,  Ohio,  Octo- 
ber 10,  1835;  attended  the  common  schools  of  New- 
Lisbon,  Ohio;  in  1854  crossed  the  plains  to  Cali- 


fornia; returned  in  the  autumn  of  1859,  and  at  the 
outbreak  of  the  Civil  war  was  engaged  in  the  study 
of  law;  entered  the  Union  army;  captain  of  the 
second  regiment  of  Ohio  infantry  April  17,  1861; 
honorably  mustered  out  July  31,  1861;  on  the  reor- 
ganization of  the  regiment  was  commissioned  major 
August  6,  1861;  lieutenant  colonel  January  1,  1863; 
colonel  January  20,  1863;  brevet  brigadier  general 
of  volunteers  March  13, 1865,  "for  meritorious  serv- 
ices"; honorably  discharged  October  21,  1865; 
appointed  assessor  of  internal  revenue  in  the  seven- 
teenth Ohio  district  in  November,  1865;  moved  to 
New  York  City  in  May,  1873;  elected  as  a  Repub- 
lican to  the  Forty-fifth,  Forty-sixth,  and  Forty- 
seventh  Congresses  (March  4,  1877-March  3,  1883); 
secretary  of  the  United  States  Senate  1883-1893; 
appointed  by  Mayor  Wm.  L.  Strong  city  chamber- 
lain of  the  City  of  New  York  and  served  1895-1898. 

McCord,  Andrew,  a  Representative  from  New 
York;  native  of  Ulster  county,  N.  Y.;  member 
of  the  state  house  of  representatives  in  1800, 
1802,  and  1807;  elected  to  the  Eighth  Congress 
(March  4,  1803-March  3,  1805). 

McCord,  Myron  Hawley,  a  Representative 
from  Wisconsin;  born  in  Ceres,  McKean  county, 
Pa.,  November  26,  1840;  moved  to  Wisconsin  in 
1854,  and  settled  in  Shawano;  moved  to  Merrill  in 
1875;  attended  Richburg  academy,  New  York; 
became  a  publisher,  lumberman,  and  farmer;  pub- 
lished a  newspaper  1868-1883 ;  member  of  the  state 
senate  1873-1874;  member  of  the  assembly  in  1881; 
delegate  in  the  Cincinnati  Republican  national 
convention  of  1876;  register  United  States  land 
office  from  April  1,  1883,  to  December  31,  1885; 
elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Fifty-first  Congress 
(March  4,  1889-March  3,  1891);  returned  to  Merrill, 
Wis.,  and  engaged  in  farming  and  lumbering;  un- 
successful candidate  for  Representative  in  the 
Fifty-second  and  Fifty- third  Congresses;  moved 
to  Arizona;  appointed  governor  of  Arizona  in  1897; 
resigned  in  1898  and  organized  the  territorial  regi- 
ment for  the  Spanish  war;  appointed  United  States 
marshal  for  district  of  Arizona  in  1902,  and  later 
appointed  collector  of  customs  for  the  port  of  No- 
gales,  Ariz.;  died  in  Phoenix,  Ariz.,  April  27,  1904. 

McCorkle,  Joseph  W.,  a  Representative  from 
California;  native  of  Ohio;  moved  to  Marys ville, 
Cal.;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Thirty-second 
Congress  (March  4,  1851-March  -3,  1853). 

McCormick,  Henry  Clay,  a  Representative 
from  Pennsylvania;  born  in  Washington  township, 
Lycoming  county,  Pa.,  June  30,  1844;  attended 
the  common  schools  and  Dickinson  seminary; 
studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1866  and 
practiced  in  Williamsport,  Pa.;  elected  as  a  Re- 
publican to  the  Fiftieth  and  Fifty-first  Congresses 
(March  4,  1887-March  3,  1891);  delegate  at  large  in 
the  Republican  national  convention  of  1892;  elected 
president  of  the  Williamsport  and  North  "Branch 
railroad  January  1,  1892;  appointed  attorney  gen- 
eral of  Pennsylvania  by  Governor  Hastings  in 
January,  1895,  and  served  four  years;  died  in  Wil- 
liamsport, Pa.,  May  26,  1902. 

McCormick,  James  Robinson,  a  Representa- 
tive from  Missouri;  born  in  Washington  county, 
Mo.,  August  1,  1824;  attended  the  public  schools 
and  Transylvania  university,  Ky.;  studied  medi- 
cine, and  was  graduated  from  the  Memphis  medical 
college  in  1849,  and  commenced  practice  in  Wayne 
county,  Mo.;  moved  to  Perry  county  in  1850,  and 
practiced;  delegate  to  the  state  constitutional 


BIOGRAPHIES. 


827 


convention  of  1861;  served  during  the  civil  war 
as  surgeon  of  the  sixth  Missouri  volunteer  infantry; 
after  the  war  located  in  Arcadia,  Mo.,  and  resumed 
the  practice  of  medicine ;  elected  to  the  state  senate 
in  1862,  but  resigned  on  account  of  duties  in  the 
army;  brigadier  general  of  militia  in  1863;  again 
elected  to  the  state  senate  in  1866,  but  resigned 
the  following  year;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the 
Fortieth  Congress  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  the 
death  of  Thomas  E.  Noel;  reelected  to  the  Forty- 
first  and  Forty-second  Congresses  and  served  from 
December  17,  1867,  to  March  3,  1873;  moved  to 
Farmington,  Mo.,  and  engaged  in  the  drug  busi- 
ness; died  in  Farmington,  St.  Francois  county, 
Mo.,  May  19,  1897. 

McCormick,  John  Wesley,  a  Representative 
from  Ohio;  born  in  Gallia  county,  Ohio,  Decem- 
ber 20,  1831;  attended  the  Ohio  Wesleyan  univer- 
sity, Delaware,  Ohio,  and  the  Ohio  university, 
Athens,  Ohio;  engaged,  in  farming;  delegate  in 
the  Ohio  constitutional  convention  of  1873;  elected 
as  a  Republican  to  the  Forty-eighth  Congress 
(March  4,  1883-March  3,  1885). 

McCormick,  Napoleon  Bonaparte,  a  Repre- 
sentative from  Kansas;  born  in  Fayette  county, 
Pa.,  November  20,  1847;  attended  the  common 
schools;  moved  to  Marion  county,  Iowa,  in  1867, 
where  he  engaged  in  farming  and  stock-raising 
until  his  removal  to  Phillips  county,  Kans.,  where 
lie  settled  upon  a  homestead  in  1877;  studied  law, 
and  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1882 ;  deputy  county 
attorney  for  four  years;  elected  county  attorney  of 
Phillips  county  in  1890  and  reelected  in  1892; 
refused  a  third  nomination;  elected  as  a  Populist  to 
the  Fifty-fifth  Congress  (March  4,  1883-March  3, 
1885) ;  resumed  the  practice  of  law  in  Phillipsburg, 
Kans.,  and  was  elected  county  attorney  of  Phillips 
county  in  1010. 

McCormick,  Richard.  Cunningham,  a  Dele- 
gate from  Arizona  and  a  Representative  from  New 
York;  born  in  New  York  City,  May  23,  1832;  pur- 
sued classical  studies;  entered  business  in  Wall 
street  in  1852;  engaged  in  journalistic  work  in  New 
York  in  1857;  with  the  Army  of  the  Potomac  as  a 
correspondent  of  the  New  York  Evening  Post  in 
1861-1862;  first  chief  clerk  of  the  Department  of 
Agriculture;  appointed  secretary  of  Arizona  Terri- 
tory in  1863  and  governor  of  the  Territory  in  1866; 
elected  as  a  Union  candidate  a  Delegate  from  Ari- 
zona territory  to  the  Forty -first,  Forty-second,  and 
Forty- third  Congresses  (March  4;  1869-March  3, 
1875) ;  established  the  Arizona  Miner  in  1864,  and 
the  Arizona  Citizen  in  1870;  delegate  in  the 
Republican  national  conventions  of  1872,  1876, 
and  1880;  returned  to  New  York;  United  States 
commissioner  to  the  Centennial  exposition  in 
1876;  first  assistant  Secretary  of  the  Treasury  in 
1877 ;  commissioner  general  to  the  Paris  exposition 
in  1878;  declined  the  mission  to  Brazil  in  1877,  and 
the  mission  to  Mexico  in  1879;  elected  as  a  Repub- 
lican from  New  York  to  the  Fifty-fourth  Congress 
(March  4,  1895-March  3,  1897);  member  of  the 
board  of  managers  of  the  State  normal  school  in 
Jamaica,  N.  Y.;  died  in  Jamaica,  N.  Y.,  June  2, 
1901. 

McCoy,  Robert,  a  Representative  from  Penn- 
sylvania; native  of  Carlisle,  Pa.;  attended  the 
common  schools;  state  canal  commissioner;  elected 
to  the  Twenty-second  Congress  (March  4,  1831- 
March  3,  1833);  died  in  Wheeling,  W.  Va.,  June  7, 
1849. 


McCoy,  William,  a  Representative  from  Vir- 
ginia; native  of  Augusta  county,  Va.;  elected  as  a 
Jackson  Democrat  to  the  Twelfth,  and  to  the  ten 
succeeding  Congresses  (March  4,  1811-March  3, 
1833). 

McCrary,  George  Washington,  a  Representa- 
tive from  Iowa;  born  near  Evansville,  Ind.,  August 
29,  1835;  moved  to  Iowa  in  1836;  attended  the 
public  schools;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the 
bar,  and  commenced  practice  in  Keokuk,  Iowa,  in 
1856;  member  of  the  state  house  of  representatives 
in  1857  and  of  the  state  senate  in  1861;  elected  as  a 
Republican  to  the  Forty-first,  Forty-second,  Forty- 
third,  and  Forty-fourth  Congresses  (March  4,  1869- 
March  3,  1877);  Secretary  of  War  under  President 
Hayes,  March  12, 1877,  to  December  10, 1879;  United 
States  judge  of  the  eighth  judicial  district  1879- 
1884;  moved  to  Kansas  City,  Mo.;  became  consult- 
ing attorney  for  the  Atchison,  Topeka  and  Santa 
Fe  Railroad  company;  died  in  St.  Joseph,  Mo., 
June  23,  1895. 

McCrate,  John  Dennis,  a  Representative  from 
Maine;  born  in  Wiscasset,  Me.,  October  1,  1800; 
was  graduated  from  Bowdoin  college  in  1819; 
studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  com- 
menced practice  in  Wiscasset;  member  of  the  state 
house  of  representatives  1831-1836;  customs  col- 
lector 1836-1841;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the 
Twenty-ninth  Congress  (March  4,  1845-March  3, 
1847);  died  in  Sutton,  Mass.,  September  11,  1879. 

McCreary,  George  Deardorff,  a  Representa- 
tive from  Pennsylvania;  born  in  York  Springs, 
Adams  county,  Pa.,  September  28,  1846;  moved 
with  his  parents  to  Philadelphia  in  1864;  attended 
the  common  and  private  schools,  entered  the 
University  of  Pennsylvania,  and  remained  until 
1867;  began  his  independent  business  career  in 
1870;  elected  treasurer  of  the  city  and  county  of 
Philadelphia  in  November,  1891,  and  during  his 
term  of  office,  from  1892  to  1895,  reorganized  the 
finances  of  the  city;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the 
Fifty-eighth,  Fifty-ninth,  Sixtieth,  and  Sixty- 
first  Congresses  (March  4,  1903-March  3,  1911). 
Reelected  to  the  Sixty-second  Congress. 

McCreary,  James  Bennett,  a  Representative 
and  a  Senator  from  Kentucky;  born  in  Madison 
county,  Ky.,  July  8,  1838;  was  graduated  from 
Center  college,  Danville,  Ky.,  in  1857;  studied  law, 
was  graduated  from  the  law  department  of  Cum- 
berland university,  Tennessee,  in  1859,  and  com- 
menced practice  in  Richmond,  Ky.,  in  1860;  en- 
tered the  Confederate  army  in  1862,  and  was  lieu- 
tenant colonel  of  the  eleventh  Kentucky  cavalry  at 
the  close  of  the  war;  presidential  elector  on  the 
Democratic  ticket  in  1868,  but  declined;  delegate 
in  the  Democratic  national  convention  held  in  New 
York  City  July  4,  1868;  member  of  the  house  of 
representatives  of  Kentucky  1869,  1871,  and  1873, 
and  served  as  speaker  in  1871,  and  reelected  speaker 
in  1873;  elected  governor  in  May,  1875,  and  served 
from  August,  1875,  to  September,  1879;  appointed 
by  the  President  a  delegate  to  the  international 
monetary  conference  held  in  Brussels,  Belgium,  in 
1892 ;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Forty-ninth  and 
to  the  five  succeeding  Congresses  (March  4,  1885- 
March  3,  1897);  delegate  in  the  Democratic  national 
convention  held  in  Kansas  City  in  1900,  and  chair- 
man of  the  state  Democratic  committee  in  the 
campaign  of  1900;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the 
United  States  Senate  in  1902,  and  served  from 
March  4, 1903,  until  March  3, 1909;  elected  governor 
of  Kentucky  in  1912. 


828 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 


McCreary,  John,  a  Representative  from  South 
Carolina;  native  of  Chester  district,  S.  C.;  elected 
to  the  Sixteenth  Congress  (March  4,  1819-March  3, 
1821). 

McCredie,  William  Wallace,  a  Representative 
from  Washington;  born  in  Montrose,  Susquehanna 
county,  Pa.,  April  27,  1862;  was  graduated  from 
Cornell  college,  Mount  Vernon,  Iowa,  in  1885; 
attended  the  law  school  of  the  Iowa  State  uni- 
versity 1889-1890;  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and 
practiced;  prosecuting  attorney  of  Clarke  county, 
Wash.,  1895-1896;  elected  superior  judge  in  Jan- 
uary, 1905;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Sixty- 
first  Congress,  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  the  death 
of  Francis  W.  Cushman,  and  served  from  Decem- 
ber 6,  1909,  to  March  3,  1911;  defeated  for  reelec- 
tion to  the  Sixty-second  Congress;  resumed  the 
practice  of  law  in  Vancouver,  Wash. 

McCreedy,  William,  a  Representative  from 
Pennsylvania;  native  of  that  state;  elected  to  the 
Twenty-first  Congress  (March  4,  1829-March  3, 
1831). 

McCreery,  Thomas  Clay,  a  Senator  from  Ken- 
tucky; born  in  Daviess  county,  Ky.,  December 
12,  1816;  attended  the  common  schools;  studied 
law,  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar;  presidential 
elector  on  the  Democratic  ticket  in  1852;  elected 
as  a  Democrat  to  the  United  States  Senate,  to  fill 
vacancy  caused  by  the  resignation  of  James  Guth- 
rie,  and  served  from  February  19,  1868,  to  March  3, 
1871;  reelected  to  the  United  States  Senate,  and 
served  from  March  4,  1873,  to  March  3,  1879;  died 
in  Owensboro,  Ky.,  July  10,  1890. 

McCreery,  William,  a  Representative  from 
Maryland;  was  elected  to  the  Eighth,  Ninth,  and 
Tenth  Congresses  (March  4,  1803-March  3,  1809). 

McCulloch,  George,  a  Representative  from 
Pennsylvania;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Twen- 
ty-sixth Congress,  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  the 
death  of  William  W.  Potter,  and  served  from  De- 
cember 2,  1839,  to  March  4,  1841. 

McCulloch,  John,  a  Representative  from  Penn-. 
sylvania;  native  of  that  state;  attended  the  public 
schools;  elected  as  a  Whig  to  the  Thirty- third 
Congress  (March  4,  1853-March  3,  1855). 

McCulloch,  Philip  Doddridge,  jr.,  a  Represent- 
ative from  Arkansas;  born  in  Murfreesboro,  Ruth- 
erford county,  Tenn.,  June  23,  1851;  moved  with 
his  parents  to  Trenton,  Gibson  county,  Tenn.; 
attended  Andrew  college;  studied  law,  was  admit- 
ted to  the  bar  of  Tennessee  in  August,  1872,  and 
engaged  in  practice  in  Trenton;  moved  to  Mari- 
anna,  Lee  county,  Ark.,  in  February,  1874;  elected 
prosecuting  attorney  of  the  first  judicial  district 
in  September,  1878;  renominated  and  elected  for 
three  successive  terms;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to 
the  Fifty- third,  and  to  the  four  succeeding  Con- 
gresses (March  4,  1893-March  3,  1903). 

McCullogh,  Welty,  a  Representative  from 
Pennsylvania;  born  in  Greensburg,  Westmoreland 
county,  Pa.,  October  10,  1847;  attended  the  com- 
mon schools;  entered  sophomore  class  in  Washing- 
ton and  Jefferson  college  and  remained  nearly  two 
years;  was  graduated  from  Princeton  in  June,  1870; 
second  clerk  under  Capt.  W.  B.  Coulter,  provost 
marshal  of  twenty-first  district  of  Pennsylvania, 
for  two  years  during  the  Civil  war;  read  law,  and 
was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1872;  elected  as  a  Re- 
publican to  the  Fiftieth  Congress  (March  4,  1887- 


March  3,  1889);  died  in  Greenbsurg,  Pa.,  August  31, 
1889. 

McCullough,  Hiram,  a  Representative  from 
Maryland;  born  in  Cecil  county,  Md.,  September 
26,  1813;  pursued  an  academic  course  at  Elkton 
academy;  studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in 
1838,  and  practiced  in  Elkton,  Md.;  member  of  the 
state  senate  1845-1851;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the 
Thirty-ninth  and  Fortieth  Congresses  (March  4, 
1865-March  3,  1869);  delegate  in  the  Democratic 
national  convention  in  New  York,  1868;  member  of 
the  state  legislature  for  several  terms,  and  served 
as  speaker  in  1880;  died  in  Elkton,  Md.,  March  4, 
1885. 

McCullough,  Thomas  Grubb,  a  Representa- 
tive from  Pennsylvania;  born  in  Greencastle, 
Franklin  county,  Pa.,  April  20,  1785;  attended  the 
common  schools;  elected  to  the  Sixteenth  Congress, 
to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  the  resignation  of  David 
Fullerton,  and  served  from  November  13,  1820,  to 
March  4,  1821;  served  in  the  general  assembly  of 
Pennsylvania  1831-1833;  died  in  Chambersburg, 
Pa.,  September  10,  1848. 

McCumber,  Porter  James,  a  Senator  from 
North  Dakota;  born  in  Illinois  February  3,  1858; 
moved  to  Rochester,  Minn.,  the  same  year;  at- 
tended the  common  schools;  taught  school  for  a 
few  years;  was  graduated  from  the  University  of 
Michigan  in  1880;  moved  to  Wahpeton,  N.  Dak., 
in  1881,  and  practiced  his  profession;  member  of 
the  territorial  legislature  in  1885  and  1887;  attorney 
general  1887-1888;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the 
United  States  Senate  January  20,  1899,  for  the 
term  commencing  March  4,  1899;  reelected  in  1905, 
and  served  from  March  4,  1899,  to  March  3,  1911. 
Reelected  for  the  term  commencing  March  4,  1911. 

McDaniel,  William,  a  Representative  from  Mis- 
souri; elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Twenty-ninth 
Congress,  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  the  resignation 
of  Sterling  Price,  and  served  from  December  7, 
1846,  to  March  3,  1847. 

McDannold,  John  J.,  a  Representative  from 
Illinois;  born  in  Brown  county,  111.,  August  29, 
1851;  attended  the  common  schools  and  a  private 
school  in  Quincy;  studied  law,  and  was  graduated 
from  the  law  department  of  the  Iowa  State  univer- 
sity, Iowa  City,  in  June,  1874;  was  admitted  to  the 
bar  of  Illinois  in  September,  1874,  and  practiced 
in  Mount  Sterling;  appointed  master  in  chancery 
for  Brown  county,  October,  1885;  elected  county 
judge  of  Brown  county,  November,  1886;  reelected 
in  November,  1890;  resigned  October  2,  1892; 
elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Fifty-third  Congress 
(March  4,  1893-March  3,  1895);  located  in  Chicago 
and  resumed  the  practice  of  law. 

McDearmon,  James  Calvin,  a  Representa- 
tive from  Tennessee;  born  in  New  Canton,  Buck- 
ingham county,  Va.,  June  13,  1844;  moved  with 
his  parents  to  Gibson  county,  Tenn.,  in  1846; 
attended  Andrew  college,  Trenton,  Tenn.,  1858- 
1861;  entered  the  Confederate  army  April,  1862, 
and  served  throughout  the  war  in  Cheatham's 
division,  Army  of  the  Tennessee;  wounded  slightly 
at  Murfreesboro  and  severely  at  Franklin;  surren- 
dered in  Greensboro,  N.  C.,  with  Johnston's  army 
April  26,  1865;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1867,  and 
practiced  in  Trenton,  Tenn. ;  elected  as  a  Democrat 
to  the  Fiftv-third  and  Fifty-fourth  Congresses 
March  4, 1893-March  3, 1897);  resumed  the  practice 
of  law;  died  in  Trenton,  Tenn.,  July  19,  1902. 


BIOGEAPHIES. 


829 


McDermott,  Allan  Langdon,  a  Representa- 
tive from  New  Jersey;  born  in  South  Boston,  Mass., 
March  30,  1854;  attended  the  common  schools, 
studied  law,  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar;  corpora- 
tion attorney  of  Jersey  City  1879-1883;  district 
court  judge  1883-1886;  president  Jersey  City  board 
of  finance  and  taxation  1883-1886;  member  of  state 
board  of  taxation  1884-1886;  member  of  the  state 
assembly  1880-1881;  corporation  counsel  of  Jersey 
City;  member  of  the  state  senate  1899^-1900;  chair- 
man of  the  New  Jersey  state  Democratic  committee 
1885-1895;  member  of  the  commission  to  revise  the 
constitution  of  New  Jersey  1894;  candidate  of  the 
Democratic  legislative  caucus  for  United  States 
Senator  in  1895;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the 
Fifty-sixth  Congress,  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  the 
death  of  William  B.  Daly;  reelected  to  the  Fifty- 
seventh,  Fifty-eighth,  and  Fifty-ninth  Congresses, 
and  served  from  December  3,  1900,  to  March  3, 
1907;  died  in  Jersey  City,  N.  J.,  October  26,  1908. 

McDermott,  James  Thomas,  a  Representative 
from  Illinois;  born  in  Grand  Rapids,  Mich.,  Feb- 
ruary 13,  1872;  attended  St.  Andrews  Cathedral 
school;  with  his  family  moved  to  Detroit,  Mich., 
in  1884,  where  he  learned  telegraphy;  moved  to 
Chicago  in  1889;  in  March,  1905,  engaged  in  the 
cigar  business;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Six- 
tieth and  Sixty-first  Congresses  (March  4,  1907- 
March  3,  1911).  Reelected  to  the  Sixty-second  Con- 
gress. 

McDill,  Alexander  Stuart,  a  Representative 
from  Wisconsin;  born  in  Crawford  county,  Pa., 
March  18,  1822;  attended  Allegheny  college,  was 
graduated  from  Cleveland  medical  college  1848, 
and  practiced  medicine  in  Crawford  county,  Pa., 
1848-1856;  moved  to  Portage  county,  Wis.,  in 
1856;  member  of  the  state  house  of  representatives 
in  1861  and  of  the  state  senate  in  1862;  Republican 
presidential  elector  in  1864;  elected  as  a  Repub- 
lican to  the  Forty-third  Congress  (March  4,  1873- 
March  3,  1875);  unsuccessful  candidate  for  reelec- 
tion to  the  Forty-fourth  Congress;  medical  super- 
intendent of  the  Wisconsin  state  hospital  for  the 
insane  1868-1873  and  1875  until  his  death,  near 
Madison,  Wis.,  November  12,  1875. 

McDill,  James  Wilson,  a  Representative  and  a 
Senator  from  Iowa;  born  in  Monroe,  Ohio,  March  4, 
1834;  was  graduated  from  the  Miami  university  at 
Oxford,  Ohio,  in  1853;  studied  law  in  Columbus, 
Ohio,  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1856;  moved 
to  Iowa  in  that  year;  county  judge  of  Union 
county,  Iowa,  in  1860;  clerk  in  the  office 
of  the  Third  Auditor  of  the  Treasury  1862-1865; 
resigned  and  returned  to  Iowa;  elected  circuit 
judge  of  the  second  district,  third  judicial  circuit 
of  Iowa,  in  1868;  appointed  in  1870  and  then  elected 
district  judge  of  the  third  judicial  circuit  of  Iowa; 
elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Forty-third  and 
.  Forty -fourth  Congresses  (March  4,  1875-March  3, 
1879);  member  of  the  board  of  railroad  commis- 
sioners for  the  state  of  Iowa,  1878-1881;  appointed 
and  subsequently  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the 
United  States  Senate,  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by 
the  resignation  of  Samuel  J.  Kirkwood,  and  served 
from  March  8,  1881,  until  March  3,  1883;  died  in 
Creston,  Iowa,  February  28, 1894. 

McDonald,  Alexander,  a  Senator  from  Arkan- 
sas; born  in  Clinton  county,  Pa.,  April  10,  1832; 
attended  Leuisburg  university;  moved  to  Kansas 
in  1857,  engaging  in  general  business;  active  in  the 
Civil  war  on  the  Union  side;  became  interested  in 
banking  in  Arkansas  in  1863,  finally  located  in 


Little  Rock;  member  of  the  state  constitutional 
convention;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  United 
States  Senate,  to  fill  vacancy  in  term  beginning 
March  4,  1865,  and  served  from  June  22,  1868,  to 
March  3,  1871. 

McDonald,  Edward  Francis,  a  Representative 
from  New  Jersey;  born  in  Ireland,  September  21, 
1844;  came  to  this  country  with  his  parents  during 
infancy;  attended  the  public  schools;  became  a 
skilled  mechanic ;  elected  to  the  New  Jersey  assem- 
bly in  1874;  director  at  large  of  the  board  of  chosen 
freeholders  of  Hudson  county  in  1877,  reelected  in 
1879,  and  served  four  years;  chosen  presidential 
elector  by  the  Democratic  state  convention  in  1884, 
but  declined  the  office;  presented  credentials  to  the 
state  senate  in  1889,  but  was  unseated;  enlisted  in 
1861  in  the  seventh  regiment  New  Jersey  volun- 
teers, and  served  under  McClellan  and  Hooker; 
largely  interested  in  the  business  of  real  estate; 
town  treasurer  for  ten  years;  elected  as  a  Democrat 
to  the  Fifty-second  Congress  and  served  from 
March  4,  1891,  until  his  death  in  Harrison,  N.  J., 
November  5,  1892. 

McDonald,  John,  a  Representative  from  Mary- 
land; born  in  Ireland,  May  24,  1837;  attended  the 
schools  of  Ireland;  came  to  this  country  and  en- 
listed in  the  United  States  army  at  Boston,  Mass., 
in  1857;  joined  his  regiment  the  following  Decem- 
ber in  Arizona;  participated  in  several  Indian  cam- 
paigns in  that  Territory  and  in  California;  served 
in  the  cavalry  corps  of  the  Army  of  the  Potomac 
throughout  the  Civil  war;  after  the  war  ordered  to 
the  West,  where  he  again  took  part  in  several  cam- 
paigns against  hostile  Indians;  retired  as  a  captain 
of  cavalry  July  1,  1868,  for  disabilities  incurred  in 
the  line  of  service;  elected  to  the  Maryland  legis- 
lature as  a  Republican  in  1881 ;  elected  as  a  Repub- 
lican to  the  Fifty-fifth  Congress  (March  4,  1897- 
March  3,  1899). 

McDonald,  Joseph  Ewing,  a  Representative 
and  a  Senator  from  Indiana;  born  in  Butler  county, 
Ohio,  August  29,  1819;  moved  with  his  mother  to 
Indiana  in  1826;  apprenticed  to  the  saddler's  trade 
in  Lafayette,  Ind.;  attended  Wabash  college,  Craw- 
fordsville,  Ind.,  but  did  not  graduate;  studied  law, 
was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1843,  and  commenced 
practice  in  Crawfordsville;  prosecuting  attorney 
1843-1847;  elected  to  the  Thirty-first  Congress 
(March  4,  1849-March  3,  1851);  elected  attorney 
general  of  Indiana  in  1856  ana  reelected  in  1858; 
moved  to  Indianapolis  in  1859;  unsuccessful  candi- 
date for  governor  of  Indiana  in  1864;  elected  to  the 
United  States  Senate,  and  served  from  March  4, 
1875,  to  March  3,  1881;  died  in  Indianapolis,  Ind., 
June  21,  1891. 

McDonald,  Moses,  a  Representative  from 
Maine;  born  in  Limerick,  Me.,  April  8,  1814;  pur- 
sued an  academic  course;  studied  law,  was  ad- 
mitted to  the  bar  in  1837,  and  commenced  prac- 
tice in  Biddeford,  Me.,  in  1837;  member  of  the  state 
house  of  representatives  1841-1842,  and  elected 
speaker  in  1845;  served  in  the  state  senate  in  1847; 
state  treasurer  1847-1849;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to 
the  Thirty-second  and  Thirty-third  Congresses 
(March  4,  1851-March3,  1855);  customs  collector  in 
Portland,  1857-1861;  died  in  Saco,  Me.,  October  18, 
1869. 

McDougall,  Alexander,  a  Delegate  from  New 
York;  born  in  island  of  Islay,  Scotland,  in  1731; 
came  to  New  York  in  1755;  engaged  in  printing  and 
was  imprisoned  as  the  alleged  author  of  Revolu- 


830 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 


tionary  documents;  served  in  the  Revolutionary 
war;  colonel  of  the  first  New  York  infantry  June 
30,  1775-November,  1775;  brigadier  general  Conti- 
nental army  August  9,  1776;  major  general  October 
20,  1777,  and  until  the  close  of  the  war;  Delegate 
in  the  Continental  Congress  1781-1782  and  1784- 
1785;  member  of  the  state  senate  1783-1786;  died 
in  New  York  City,  June  8,  1786. 

McDougall,  James  Alexander,  a  Representa- 
tive and  a  Senator  from  California;  born  in  Bethle- 
hem, N.  Y.,  November  19,  1817;  attended  the 
Albany  public  schools;  studied  law,  was  admitted 
to  the  bar,  and  commenced  practice  in  Pike 
county,  111.,  in  1837;  state  attorney  general  1842- 
1846;  made  explorations  of  the  southwestern  part 
of  the  United  States;  finally  located  in  San  Fran- 
cisco; attorney  general  of  California  in  1850;  elected 
as  a  Democrat  to  the  Thirty-third  Congress  (March 
4, 1853-March  3, 1855);  elected  to  the  United  States 
Senate,  and  served  from  March  4,  1861,  to  March  3, 
1867;  delegate  in  the  Democratic  national  conven- 
tion of  1864;  died  in  Albany,  N.  Y.,  September  3, 
1867. 

McDowell,  Alexander,  a  Representative  from 
Pennsylvania;  born  in  Franklin,  Venango  county, 
Pa.,  March  4,  1845;  attended  the  common  schools; 
printer  by  trade;  engaged  in  the  banking  business; 
elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Fifty-third  Con- 
gress (March  4,  1893-March  3,  1895);  elected  Clerk 
of  the  House  of  Representatives  in  the  Fifty-fourth 
and  the  seven  succeeding  Congresses,  March  4, 
1895,  to  March  3,  1911. 

McDowell,  James,  a  Representative  from  Vir- 
ginia; born  in  Rockbridge  county,  Va.,  October  13, 
1796;  was  graduated  from  Princeton  college  in  1817; 
elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Twenty-ninth  Con- 
gress, to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  the  death  of  William 
Taylor;  reelected  to  the  Thirtieth  and  Thirty -first 
Congresses,  and  served  from  March  6,  1846,  to 
March  3,  1851;  died  near  Lexington,  Va.,  August 
24,  1851. 

McDowell,  James  Foster,  a  Representative 
from  Indiana;  born  in  Mifflin  county,  Pa.,  Decem- 
ber 3,  1825;  moved  to  Ohio  in  1835;  attended  the 
Eiblic  schools;  worked  in  a  printing  office;  studied 
w,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced 
practice  in  1846;  elected  district  attorney  of  Darke 
county,  Ohio,  in  1848;  established  the  Marion 
Journal  in  Indiana;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the 
Thirty-eighth  Congress  (March  4,  1863-March  3, 
1865);  unsuccessful  candidate  for  reelection  to  the 
Thirty-ninth  Congress;  resumed  the  practice  of 
law;  died  in  Marion,  Ind.,  April  18,  1887. 

McDowell,  John  Anderson,  a  Representative 
from  Ohio;  born  in  Killbuck,  Holmes  county, 
Ohio,  September  25,  1853;  moved  with  his  father's 
family  to  a  farm  in  Monroe  township,  Holmes 
county,  and  attended  the  common  schools;  re- 
turned to  Killbuck;  attended  the  Millersburg  high 
school  and  Lebanon  normal  university;  was  gradu- 
ated from  Mount  Union  college;  taught  school 
seven  winter  terms;  principal  of  Millersburg  high 
school  two  years  and  superintendent  of  Millersburg 
schools  for  seventeen  years;  county  school  exam- 
iner for  fourteen  years;  engaged  as  instructor  in 
teachers'  institutes  in  several  counties  in  Ohio; 
also  instructor  in  the  summer  school  of  Wooster 
university;  directly  interested  in  agricultural  pur- 
suits for  several  years;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the 
Fifty-fifth  and  Fifty -sixth  Congresses  (March  4, 
1899-March  3,  1903);  superintendent  of  public 


instruction  and  institute  lecturer  located  in  Ash- 
land, Ohio. 

McDowell,  Joseph,  a  Representative  from 
North  Carolina;  born  in  Winchester,  Va.,  February 
25,  1756;  moved  to  Burke  county,  N.  C.;  active  in 
the  Revolutionary  war;  member  of  the  house  of 
commons  of  North  Carolina  1782-1788;  opposed  to 
the  adoption  of  the  Federal  Constitution  in  the 
state  convention;  elected  to  the  Third  Congress 
(March  4,  1793-March  3,  1795);  reelected  to  the 
Fifth  Congress  (March  4.  1797-March  3,  1799);  died 
in  Burke  county,  N.  C.,  in  1801. 

McDowell,  Joseph  Jefferson,  a  Representa- 
tive from  Ohio;  born  in  Burke  county,  N.  C., 
November  13,  1800;  moved  to  Hillsboro,  Ohio; 
member  of  the  state  house  of  representatives  in 
1830;  served  in  the  state  senate  in  1833;  brigadier 
general  of  the  state  militia  in  1834;  studied  law, 
was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1835,  and  practiced  in 
Hillsboro,  Ohio;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the 
Twenty-eighth  and  Twenty-ninth  Congresses 
(March  4,  1843-March  3,  1847);  engaged  in  agricul- 
tural pursuits;  died  in  Hillsboro,  Ohio,  January  17, 
1877. 

McDuffie,  George,  E.,  a  Representative  and  a 
Senator  from  South  Carolina;  born  in  Columbia 
county,  Ga.,  August  10,  1790;  was  graduated  from 
South  Carolina  college  in  1813;  studied  law,  was  ad- 
mitted to  the  bar  in  1814,  and  com  me  need  practice 
in  Pendleton,  S.  C.;  member  of  the  state  house  of 
representatives  1818-1820;  elected  as  a  Democrat 
to  the  Seventeenth,  and  to  the  six  succeeding  Con- 
gresses, and  served  from  March  4,  1821,  until  his 
resignation  in  1834;  elected  governor  of  South  Caro- 
lina; elected  to  the  United  States  Senate,  to  fill 
vacancy  caused  by  the  resignation  of  William  C. 
Preston;  reelected  and  served  from  December  23, 
1842,  until  his  resignation,  August  17,  1846;  died 
in  Sumter  district,  S.  C.,  March  11,  1851. 

McDuffie,  John  Van,  a  Representative  from 
Alabama;  born  in  Addison,  Steuben«county,  N.  Y., 
May  16,  1841;  moved  with  his  parents  to  Bureau 
county,  111.;  1855;  attended  Lutheran  college, 
Iowa;  enlisted  in  company  B,  second  Iowa  cav- 
alry, July,  1861;  served  during  the  entire  war, 
leaving  service  in  Selma,  Ala. ;  located  in  Lowndes 
county,  Ala.;  studied  law,  and  was  admitted  to 
practice  in  the  state  courts;  elected  judge  of  probate 
in  1868;  reelected  in  1872,  and  held  the  office 
until  1880;  elected  a  member  of  the  state  constitu- 
tional convention  in  1875,  but  did  not  serve;  un- 
successful Republican  candidate  for  the  Fiftieth 
Congress;  unsuccessfully  contested  the  election  of 
Alexander  C.  Davidson  in  said  Congress;  success- 
jully  contested  the  election  of  Louis  W.  Turpin  to 
the  Fifty-first  Congress,  and  served  from  June  4, 
1890,  until  March  3,  1893;  died  in  Hoyneville, 
Ala.,  November  18,  1896. 

McEnery,  Samuel  Douglas,  a  Senator  from 
Louisiana;  born  in  Monroe,  La.,  May  28,  1837;  at- 
tended the  Spring  Hill  college,  near  Mobile,  Ala.; 
the  United  States  naval  academy  and  the  Univer-* 
sity  of  Virginia;  was  graduated  from  State  and 
National  law  school,  Poughkepesie,  N.  Y.,  in  1859; 
served  in  the  Confederate  army  in  the  Civil  war 
as  lieutenant,  in  Virginia,  under  Magruder,  and 
in  the  trans-Mississippi  department;  studied  law 
and  was  admitted  to  the  bar;  elected  as  a  Democrat 
lieutenant  governor  of  Louisiana  in  1879;  on  the 
death  of  Governor  Wiltz,  October,  1881,  succeeded 
him  in  the  executive  office;  elected  governor  in 


BIOGRAPHIES. 


831 


1884;  appointed  associate  justice  of  the  supreme 
court  of  Louisiana  in  1888  for  the  term  of  twelve 
years;  unsuccessful  candidate  for  governor  in  1892; 
elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  United  States  Senate 
in  1897;  reflected  in  1902,  and  served  from  March 
4, 1897,  until  his  death,  in  New  Orleans,  La.,  June 
28,  1910. 

McEttrick,  Michael  Joseph,  a  Representative 
from  Massachusetts;  born  in  Roxbury,  Mass.,  June 
22,  1848;  was  graduated  from  the  Washington 
Grammar  and  the  Roxbury  Latin  schools ;  became 
a  journalist;  assistant  assessor  of  Boston  in  1884; 
elected  the  same  year  to  the  state  house  of  repre- 
sentatives and  reelected  seven  consecutive  terms; 
chairman  of  the  Democratic  members  of  the  house; 
member  of  the  state  senate  in  1890;  elected  as  a 
Democrat  to  the  Fifty- third  Congress  (March  4, 
1893-March  3,  1895);  again  a  member  of  the  state 
legislature,  1906-1907;  member  of  the  state  senate, 
1908;  engaged  in  business  in  Roxbury,  Mass. 

McEwan,  Thomas,  jr.,  a  Representative  from 
New  Jersey;  born  in  Paterson,  N.  J.,  February  26, 
1854;  attended  the  public  schools  of  Paterson; 
became  a  civil  engineer;  subsequently  studied  law 
and  was  admitted  to  the  bar;  assessor  of  the  fourth 
district,  Jersey  City,  for  two  years,  1886-1887; 
United  States  commissioner  and  chief  supervisor 
of  elections  for  the  district  of  New  Jersey  from 
August,  1892,  to  October,  1893;  delegate  in  the 
Republican  national  convention  of  1892;  member 
of  the  state  assembly  in  1893;  Republican  leader 
of  the  house  in  the  assembly  of  1894;  elected  as  a 
Republican  to  the  Fifty-fourth  and  Fifty-fifth 
Congresses  (March  4,  1895-March  3,  1899). 

McFadden,  Obadiah  Benton,  a  Delegate  from 
Washington  territory;  born  in  West  Middletown, 
Washington  county,  Pa.,  November  18,  1815; 
studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1838,  and 
practiced;  elected  state  representative  in  1843; 
appointed  a  justice  of  the  supreme  court  of  Oregon 
territory  in  1853,  of  Washington  territory  in  1854, 
and  chief  justice  of  the  latter  in  1858;  served  until 
1861;  member  of  the  legislative  council;  elected 
as  a  Democrat  a  Delegate  to  the  Forty-third  Con- 
gress (March  4,  1873-March  3,  1875);  died  in  Olym- 
pia,  Wash.,  June  25,  1875. 

McFarlan,  Duncan,  a  Representative  from 
North  Carolina;  born  in  Laurel  Hill,  N.  C. ;  attended 
the  common  schools;  member  of  the  state  house 
of  commons,  1792;  elected  to  the  Ninth  Congress 
(March  4,  1805-March3,  1807);  served  in  the  state 
senate  in  1793;  died  in  Laurel  Hill,  N.  C.,  Septem- 
ber 7,  1816. 

McFarland,  William,  a  Representative  from 
Tennessee;  born  in  Dandridge,  Tenn.,  September 
15,  1821;  attended  the  common  schools;  studied 
law  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar;  engaged  in  tan- 
ning and  other  business  until  1861;  engaged  in  the 
practice  of  law  in  1865;  held  several  local  judicial 
offices;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Forty-fourth 
Congress  (March  4,  1875-March  3,  1877);  unsuc- 
cessful candidate  for  reelection  to  the  Forty-fifth 
Congress;  died  in  Morristown,  Tenn..  April  13, 
1900. 

McGann,  Lawrence  Edward,  a  Representa- 
tive from  Illinois;  born  in  Ireland,  February  2, 
1852;  emigrated  to  the  United  States  with  his 
mother  in  1855,  and  settled  in  Milford,  Mass.;  at- 
tended the  public  schools;  moved  to  Chicago,  111., 
in  1865,  and  there  worked  in  the  boot  and  shoe 
trade  until  1879;  employed  as  clerk  in  the  service 


of  the  city  until  1885;  appointed  superintendent  of 
streets  January  1,  1885,  and  resigned  May,  1891; 
elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Fifty-second  and 
Fifty-third  Congresses  (March  4,  1891-March  3, 
1895);  presented  credentials  as  a  Member-elect  to 
the  Fifty-fourth  Congress,  but  his  election  was 
successfully  contested  by  Hugh  R.  Belknap,  and 
he  served  from  March  4,  1895,  until  December  2, 
1895,  when  he  resigned;  commissioner  of  public 
works,  Chicago,  1897-1901;  city  comptroller  1901- 
1907;  again  commissioner  of  public  works  in  1911. 

McGaughey,  Edward  Wilson,  a  Representa- 
tive from  Indiana;  born  in  Greencastle,  Ind.,  Jan- 
uary 16, 1817;  attended  the  public  schools;  studied 
law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1835,  and  practiced; 
member  of  the  state  senate  in  1842;  elected  as  a 
Whig  to  the  Twenty-ninth  Congress  (March  4, 1845- 
March  3,  1847);  reelected  to  the  Thirty-first  Con- 
gress (March  4,  1849-March  3,  1851);  unsuccessful 
candidate  for  reelection  to  the  Thirty-second  Con- 
gress; died  in  San  Francisco,  Gal.,  August  6,  1852. 

McGaughey,  Richard  W.,  a  Representative 
from  Indiana;  resident  of  Rockville,  Ind.;  elected 
to  the  Thirty-first  Congress  (March  4,  1849-March 
3,  1851). 

McGavin,  Charles,  a  Representative  from  Illi- 
nois; born  in  Riverton,  Sangamon  county,  111., 
January  10,  1874;  attended  common  schools  in 
Springfield,  and  the  high  school  in  Mount  Olive, 
111.;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1897, 
and  practiced  two  years  in  Springfield;  moved  to 
Chicago  in  1899,  where  he  continued  in  practice; 
became  assistant  city  attorney  in  1903;  elected  as  a 
Republican  to  the  Fifty-ninth  and  Sixtieth  Con- 
gresses (March  4,  1905-March  3,  1909) ;  resumed  the 
practice  of  law  in  Los  Angeles,  Cal. 

McGowan,  Jonas  Hartzell,  a  Representative 
from  Michigan;  born  in  the  township  of  Smith- 
town,  Mahoning  (then  Columbiana)  county,  Ohio, 
April  2,  1837;  moved  with  his  parents  to  Orland, 
Steuben  county,  Ind.,  in  1854;  was  graduated  from 
the  University  of  Michigan  in  1861;  taught  in  the 
city  schools  of  Coldwater,  Mich.,  for  one  year,  and 
then  enlisted  as  a  private  in  the  fifth  Michigan 
cavalry  volunteers;  afterwards  promoted  to  cap- 
tain; raised  a  company  for  the  ninth  Michigan 
cavalry,  and  went  into  active  service  with  that 
regiment  in  the  spring  of  1863;  by  reason  of  inju- 
ries received  in  a  cavalry  charge  was  disabled,  and 
resigned  his  commission  in  February,  1864,  and  re- 
turned to  Coldwater,  Mich.;  studied  law,  and  was 
admitted  to  the  bar  in  1867;  from  1868  to  1872 
prosecuting  attorney  of  Branch  county;  served  one 
term  as  state  senator  and  seven  years  as  regent  of 
the  University  of  Michigan;  elected  as  a  Republi- 
can to  the  Forty-fifth  and  Forty-sixth  Congresses 
(March  4,  1877-March  3,  1881);  resumed  the  prac- 
tice of  law  in  Washington,  D.  C.,  where  he  died 
July  5,  1910. 

McGrew,  James  Clark,  a  Representative  from 
West  Virginia;  born  in  Monongalia  county,  Va. 
(now  West  Virginia),  September  14,  1813;  attended 
the  common  schools;  engaged  in  mercantile  pur- 
suits and  banking;  delegate  to  the  state  convention 
of  1861;  member  of  the  state  house  of  representa- 
tives, 1863-1865;  managing  director  of  the  West 
Virginia  insane  hospital  for  many  years;  elected  as 
a  Republican  to  the  Forty-first  and  Forty-second 
Congresses  (March  4,  1869-March  3,  1873);  last  sur- 
vivor of  the  Virginia  secession  convention;  died  in 
Kingwood,  W.  Va.,  September  18,  1910. 


832 


CONGRESSIONAL   DIRECTORY. 


McGuire,  Bird  Segle,  a  Delegate  and  a  Repre- 
sentative from  Oklahoma;  born  in  Belleville,  111., 
October  13,  1865;  moved  with  his  parents  to  Ran- 
dolph county,  Mo.,  in  1867,  where  they  resided 
upon  a  farm  until  the  spring  of  1881,  when  they 
moved  to  Chautauqua  county,  Kans.,  and  then  to 
Indian  territory;  engaged  in  the  cattle  business; 
attended  the  state  normal  school  in  Emporia,  Kans. , 
and  taught  school  several  terms;  attended  the  law 
department  of  the  university  in  Lawrence;  was 
admitted  to  the  bar;  returned  to  Chautauqua, 
Kans.,  and  practiced;  county  attorney  1890-1895; 
moved  to  Pawnee  county,  Okla.,  in  1895,  and  prac- 
ticed law;  in  1897  appointed  assistant  United 
States  attorney  for  Oklahoma  territory,  in  which 
capacity  he  served  until  after  his  nomination  for 
Congress;  elected  as  a  Republican  a  Delegate  to  the 
Fifty-eighth,  Fifty-ninth,  and  Sixtieth  Congresses 
(March  4,  1903-March  3,  1909);  elected  as  a  Re- 
publican to  the  Sixty-first  Congress,  and  served 
from  December  2, 1907,  to  March  3, 1911.  Reelected 
to  the  Sixty-second  Congress. 

McHatton,  Robert,  native  of  Virginia;  moved 
to  Georgetown,  Ky.;  elected  as  a  Jackson  Demo- 
crat to  the  Nineteenth  Congress,  to  fill  vacancy 
caused  by  the  death  of  James  Johnson;  reelected  to 
the  Twentieth  Congress,  and  served  from  Decem- 
ber 7,  1826,  to  March  3,  1829;  died  in  George- 
town, Ky. 

McHenry,  Henry  D.,  a  Representative  from 
Kentucky;  born  in  Hartford,  Ky.,  February  27, 
1826;  was  graduated  from  Transylvania  law  school 
in  1845;  member  of  the  state  house  of  representa- 
tives 1851-1853  and  1865-1867;  member  of  the  state 
senate  1861-1865;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the 
Forty-second  Congress  (March  .4,  1871-March  3, 
1873);  member  of  the  state  constitutional  conven- 
tion of  1891;  died  in  Hartford,  Ky.,  December  17, 
1890. 

McHenry,  James,  a  Delegate  from  Maryland; 
born  in  Ireland,  November  16, 1753;  pursued  classi- 
cal studies;  member  of  Washington's  "military 
family"  from  1778  to  1780;  surgeon  in  the  fifth 
Pennsylvania  battalion  during  the  Revolution; 
member  of  the  Mary  land  senate  1781-1786;  aid-de- 
camp to  Gen.  Lafayette  during  the  Revolution; 
member  of  the  state  house  of  representatives  1781- 
1786;  Delegate  in  the  Continental  Congress  1783- 
1786,  and  in  the  Federal  constitutional  convention 
of  1787 ;  Secretary  of  War  January  29,  1796,  to  May 
13,  1800;  died  in  Baltimore,  Md.,  May  3,  1816. 

McHenry,  John  Geiser,  a  Representative  from 
Pennsylvania;  born  in  Benton  township,  Columbia 
county,  Pa.,  April  26,  1868;  attended  the  public 
schools  and  Orangeville  academy;  banker,  manu- 
facturer, and  farmer;  state  superintendent  of  the 
Grange  National  banks  throughout  Pennsylvania; 
elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Sixtieth  and  Sixty- 
first  Congresses  (March  4,  1907-March  3,  .1911). 
Reelected  to  the  Sixty-second  Congress.  Died  in 
Benton,  La.,  December  27,  1912. 

McHenry,  John  Hardin,  a  Representative 
from  Kentucky;  born  in  Washington  county,  Ky., 
October  13,  1797;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the 
bar,  and  practiced ;  member  of  the  state  legislature 
from  Ohio  county,  in  1840;  elected  as  a  Whig  to  the 
Twenty-ninth  Congress  (March  4,  1845-March  3, 
1847);  member  of  the  state  constitutional  conven- 
tions of  1849;  died  in  Owensboro,  Ky.,  Novem- 
ber 1,  1871. 


Mcllvaine,  Abraham  Robinson,  a  Represent- 
ative from  Pennsylvania;  born  in  Ridley,  Dela- 
ware county,  Pa.,  August  14,  1804;  attended  the 
common  schools;  became  a  farmer  in  Chester 
county,  Pa.;  member  of  the  state  house  of  repre- 
sentatives 1836-1837;  Presidential  elector  on  the 
Whig  ticket  in  1840;  elected  as  a  Whig  to  the 
Twenty-eighth,  Twenty-ninth,  and  Thirtieth  Con- 
gresses (March  4,  1843-March  3,  1949);  died  in 
Chester  county,  Pa.,  August  22,  1863. 

Mcllvaine,  Joseph,  a  Senator  from  New  Jersey; 
born  in  Bristol,  Bucks  county,  Pa.,  October  2, 
1769;  pursued  an  academic  course;  studied  law, 
was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced  practice 
in  1791  in  Burlington,  N.  J.;  county  court  clerk 
1800-1823;  United  States  attorney  for  New  Jersey 
1801-1820;  appointed  judge  of  the  superior  court  of 
New  Jersey  in  1818,  but  declined;  elected  as  a 
Democrat  to  the  United  States  Senate,  to  fill 
vacancy  caused  by  the  resignation  of  Samuel  L. 
Southard,  and  served  from  November  12,  1823, 
until  his  death  in  Burlington,  N.  J.,  August  19. 
1826. 

Mclndoe,  Walter  Duncan,  a  Representative 
from  Wisconsin;  born  in  Dumbartonshire,  Scot- 
land, March  30, 1819;  emigrated  to  America  in  1823; 
engaged  in  business  in  New  York,  Charleston,  and 
St.  Louis;  finally  located  in  Wisconsin  and  en- 
gaged in  the  lumber  business;  member  of  the  state 
house  of  representatives  1850,  1854,  and  1855;  un- 
successful candidate  for  governor  of  Wisconsin  in 
1857 ;  presidential  elector  on  the  Republican  tickets 
of  1856  and  1860;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the 
Thirty-seventh  Congress,  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by 
the  death  pf  Luther  Hanchett;  reelected  to  the 
Thirty-eighth  and  Thirty-ninth  Congresses,  and 
served  from  January  26,  1863,  to  March  3,  1867; 
died  in  Wausau,  Wis.,  August  22,  1872. 

Mclntire,  Rufus,  a  Representative  from  Maine; 
born  in  York,  Me.,  December  19,  1774;  was  grad- 
uated from  Dartmouth  college  in  1809;  studied 
law,  was  admitted  to  the -bar  in  1812,  and  com- 
menced practice  in  Parsonsfield,  Me.,  in  1812; 
served  in  the  war  of  1812;  member  of  the  state 
house  of  representatives;  county  attorney;  member 
of  the  boundary  commission  in  1826;  elected  as  a 
Jackson  Democrat  to  the  Twentieth,  Twenty-first, 
Twenty-second,  and  Twenty-third  Congresses 
(March  4,  1827-March  3,  1835);  state  land  agent 
1839-1840;  United  States  marshal  for  Maine  and 
surveyor  of  the  port  of  Portland;  died  in  Parsons- 
field,  Me.,  April  28,  1866. 

Mclntire,  William  Watson,  a  Representative 
from  Maryland;  born  in  Chambersburg,  Franklin 
county,  Pa.,  June  30,  1850;  moved  with  parents  to 
Washington  county,  Md.;  learned  the  trade  of 
machinist;  moved  in  July,  1872,  to  Baltimore;  re- 
ceived an  appointment  in  the  United  States  rail- 
way mail  service  in  1874;  remained  in  this  service 
until  1885,  when  he  resigned ;  attended  Hagerstown 
academy;  studied  law  and  was  admitted  to  the 
Baltimore  bar;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  city 
council  of  Baltimore  in  1887,  and  reelected  in  1888; 
in  the  campaign  of  1895  was  treasurer  of  the  Mary- 
land Republican  state  and  city  committees; 
elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Fifty-fifth  Congress 
(March  4,  1897-March  3,  1889);  member  Baltimore 
sewerage  commission;  died  in  Baltimore  county, 
Md.,  March  30,  1912. 

Mclntyre,  Archibald  Thompson,  a  Repre- 
sentative from  Georgia;  born  in  Twiggs  county, 


BIOGKAPHIES. 


833 


Ga.,  October  27,  1822;  attended  Thomasville 
academy;  studied  law  in  Monticello,  Fla.,  and 
Macon,  Ga.,  was  admitted  to  the  bar  and  practiced; 
member  of  the  state  house  of  representaives  in 
1849 ;  delegate  in  the  state  constitutional  convention 
of  1865;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Forty -second 
Congress  (March  4,  1871-March  3,  1873). 

McJunkin,  Ebenezer,  a  Representative  from 
Pennsylvania;  born  in  Center  Top,  Butler  county, 
Pa.,  March  28,  1819;  was  graduated  from  Jefferson 
college,  Pennsylvania,  in  1841;  studied  law,  was 
admitted  to  the  bar  in  1843,  and  practiced  in 
Butler,  Pa.;  deputy  attorney  general  for  Butler 
county,  1850;  delegate  in  the  Republican  national 
convention  in  Chicago  in  1860;  Republican  presi- 
dential elector  in  1864;  elected  as  a  Republican  to 
the  Forty-second  and  Forty-third  Congresses,  and 
served  from  March  4,  1871,  until  he  resigned 
January  1,  1875;  died  in  Butler,  Pa.,  November 
10,  1907. 

MeKaig,  William  McMahon,  a  Representative 
from  Maryland;  born  in  Cumberland,  Allegany 
county,  Md.,  July  29,  1845;  attended  the  Carroll 
school  and  the  Allegany  county  academy;  studied 
law,  and  was  admitted  to  the  Allegany  bar  April, 
1868;  moved  to  Colorado  territory  in  1873;  and 
thereafter  followed  mining  in  Utah,  California, 
Mexico,  Central  and  South  America;  returned 
to  New  York,  and  then  located  in  Maryland;  ap- 
pointed city  attorney  of  Cumberland  in  1876;  mem- 
ber of  the  state  house  of  representatives  in  1877; 
member  of  the  state  senate  in  1887 ;  mayor  of  Cum- 
berland in  1890;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Fifty- 
second  and  Fifty-third  Congresses  (March  4,  1891- 
March  3,  1895);  died  in  Cumberland,  Md.,  June  6, 
1907. 

McKay,  James  J.,  a  Representative  from 
North  Carolina;  born  in  Bladen  county,  N.  C.,  in 
1793;  pursued  classical  studies;  studied  law,  and 
was  admitted  to  the  bar;  United  States  attorney  for 
North  Carolina  for  a  number  of  years ;  member  of  the 
state  senate  1815-1819, 1822, 1826,  and  1830;  elected 
as  a  Democrat  to  the  Twenty -second,  and  to  the 
eight  succeeding  Congresses  (March  4,  1831-March 
3,  1849);  died  in  Goldsboro,  N.  C.,  September  14, 
1853. 

McKean,  James  Bedell,  a  Representative  from 
New  York;  born  in  Hoosick,  N.  Y.,  August  5,  1821; 
pursued  an  academic  course;  taught  school  for  sev- 
eral terms  and  served  as  superintendent  of  public 
schools;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in 
1847,  and  commenced  practice  in  Saratoga  Springs 
in  1849;  county  judge,  1854-1858;  elected  as  a  Re- 
publican to  the  Thirty-sixth  and  Thirty-seventh 
Congresses  (March  4,  1859-March  3,  1863);  colonel 
of  the  seventy -seventh  New  York  volunteers  in  the 
Civil  war;  appointed  chief  justice  of  Utah  by  Presi- 
dent Lincoln,  and  served  until  1875;  died  in  Salt 
Lake  City,  Utah,  January  5,  1879. 

McKean,  Samuel,  a  Representative  and  a 
Senator  from  Pennsylvania;  born  in  Huntingdon 
county,  Pa.,  September  19,  1790;  attended  the 
common  schools;  studied  law,  and  was  admitted 
to  the  bar;  member  of  the  state  legislature,  1815- 
1819;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Eighteenth, 
Nineteenth,  and  Twentieth  Congresses  (March  4, 
1823-March  3,  1829);  elected  to  the  United  States 
Senate  and  served  from  March  4,  1833,  to  March  3, 
1839;  died  in  Burlington,  McKean  county,  Pa., 
June  28,  1840. 

50346°— S.  Doc.  654,  61-2 53 


McKean,  Thomas,  a  Delegate  from  Delaware; 
born  in  New  London,  Chester  county,  Pa.,  Novem- 
ber 19,  1734;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar 
in  1754,  and  commenced  practice  in  Newcastle, 
Del.;  colonial  representative  1762-1769;  delegate 
from  Delaware  to  the  general  congress  in  New  York 
City  in  1765,  and  to  the  Continental  Congress 
1774-1783;  chief  justice  of  Pennsylvania,  1776-1798; 
elected  president  of  the  state  of  Delaware  in  1776; 
president  of  congress  in  1781;  served  in  the  Revo- 
lutionary army;  moved  to  Pennsylvania;  delegate 
in  the  state  constitutional  convention ;  governor  of 
Pennsylvania,  1799-1808;  died  in  Philadelphia, 
Pa.,  June  24,  1817. 

McKee,  George  Colin,  a  Representative  from 
Mississippi;  born  in  Joliet,  111.,  October  2,  1837; 
attended  Knox  college  and  Lombardy  university; 
studied  law,  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1858; 
city  attorney  in  Centralia;  served  throughout  the 
Civil  war  with  distinction  from  private  in  the 
eleventh  Illinois  infantry  to  brigadier  general  of 
volunteers;  resumed  practice  of  law  in  Vicksburg, 
Miss. ;  member  of  the  state  constitutional  conven- 
tion of  1867;  appointed  register  in  bankruptcy  in 
1867;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Fortieth 
Congress,  but  the  state  was  refused  representation; 
elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Forty-first,  Forty- 
second,  and  Forty-third  Congresses  (March  4, 1869- 
March  3,  1875);  postmaster  of  Jackson,  Miss.,  for 
four  years;  died  in  Jackson,  Miss.,  November  17, 
1890. 

McKee,  John,  a  Representative  from  Alabama; 
native  of  Rockbridge  county,  Va.;  pursued  an 
academic  course;  located  in  Tuscaloosa,  Ala.; 
United  States  Indian  agent  to  the  Choctaws; 
elected  to  the  Eighteenth,  Nineteenth,  and  Twen- 
tieth Congresses  (March  4,  1823-March  3,  1829); 
died  in  Tuscaloosa,  Ala.,  about  1834. 

McKee,  Samuel,  a  Representative  from  Ken- 
tucky; native  of  Virginia;  moved  to  Kentucky; 
delegate  in  the  state  constitutional  convention; 
elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Eleventh,  Twelfth, 
Thirteenth,  and  Fourteenth  Congresses  (March  4, 
1809-March  3,  1817). 

McKee,  Samuel,  a  Representative  from  Ken- 
tucky; born  near  Mount  Sterling,  Montgomery 
county,  Ky.,  November  5,  1833 ;  attended  the  com- 
mon schools;  was  graduated  from  Miami  university, 
Ohio,  in  1857,  and  the  Cincinnati  law  school  in 
1858;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and 
commenced  practice  in  Mount  Sterling,  Ky., 
served  in  the  Civil  war  as  captain  of  volunteers; 
elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Thirty-ninth  and 
Fortieth  Congresses  (March  4,  1865-March  3,  1869); 
pension  agent  in  Louisville,  Ky.,  1869-4871;  re- 
sumed the  practice  of  law;  died  in  Louisville,  Ky., 
December  11,  1898. 

McKeighan,  William  Arthur,  a  Representa- 
tive from  Nebraska;  born  in  Cumberland  county, 
N.  J.,  January  19,  1842;  moved  with  his  parents  to 
Fulton  county,  111.,  in  1848,  where  he  lived  on  a 
farm  and  attended  the  common  school;  enlisted 
in  the  eleventh  regiment  Illinois  cavalry;  Septem- 
ber, 1861;  at  the  close  of  the  war,  located  on  a  farm 
near  Pontiac,  111.;  moved  to  Nebraska  in  1880  and 
engaged  in  farming  near  Red  Cloud ;  took  an  active 
interest  in  organizing  the  Alliance;  elected  county 
judge  of  Webster  county  in  1885;  elected  as  a 
Democrat  to  the  Fifty-second  and  Fifty-third  Con- 
gresses (March  4,  1891-March  3,  1895);  died  in 
Hastings,  Nebr.,  December  15,  1895. 


834 


CONGRESSIONAL   DIRECTORY. 


McKenna,  Joseph,  a  Representative  from  Cali- 
fornia; born  in  Philadelphia,  Pa.,  August  10,  1843; 
moved  to  California  with  his  parents  in  January, 
1855;  attended  the  public  schools  and  was  gradu- 
ated from  Benicia  collegiate  institute  in  1865; 
studied  law,  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  18G5; 
district  attorney  of  Solano  county  for  two  terms,  com- 
mencing in  March,  1866 ;  member  of  the  state  legis- 
lature 1875  and  1876;  unsuccessful  Republican 
candidate  for  Congress  in  1876,  and  in  1879;  elected 
as  a  Republican  to  the  Forty-ninth,  Fiftieth,  Fifty- 
first,  and  Fifty-second  Congresses  and  served  from 
March  4,  1885,  to  March  23,  1892,  when  he  resigned; 
appointed  by  President  Harrison  United  States 
circuit  judge  February  11,  1892,  and  was  confirmed 
March  17,  1892;  Attorney  General  of  the  United 
States  under  President  William  McKinley  March 
7,  1897-January  25,  1898;  appointed  by  President 
McKinley  a  justice  of  the  United  States  supreme 
court  January  26,  1898. 

McKennan,  Thomas  McKean  Thompson,  a 
Representative  from  Pennsylvania;  born  in  New- 
castle county,  Del.,  March  31,  1794;  was  graduated 
from  Washington  and  Jefferson  college  in  1810; 
studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1814,  and 
commenced  practice  in  Washington,  Pa.;  deputy 
attorney  general  1815-1816;  elected  as  a  Whig  to  the 
Twenty -second,  Twenty-third,  Twenty -fourth, 
and  Twenty-fifth  Congresses  (March  4,  1831-March 
3,  1839);  reelected  to  the  Twenty-seventh  Con- 
gress (March  4,  1841-March  3,  1843);  Secretary  of 
the  Interior  under  President  Fillmore,  August  15 
to  September  12,  1850;  died  in  Reading,  Pa.,  July 
9,  1852. 

McKenney,  William  Robertson,  a  Represent- 
ative from  Virginia;  born  in  Petersburg,  Va., 
December  2,  1851;  attended  McCabe's  university 
school,  Petersburg,  and  the  University  of  Virginia; 
was  graduated  from  a  number  of  the  departments 
of  that  institution;  taught  school  for  two  years,  and 
in  the  fall  of  1875  entered  the  law  school  of  said 
university;  was  graduated  in  June,  1876,  was  ad- 
mitted to  the  bar,  and  commenced  practice  in 
Petersburg,  Va.;  elected  president  of  the  city 
council  of  Petersburg  in  the  spring  of  1888  and 
served  six  years;  presidential  elector  on  the  Demo- 
cratic ticket  in  1888,  and  in  1892  a  Delagate  to  the 
Democratic  national  convention  in  Chicago; 
served  as  a  member  of  the  Democratic  state  execu- 
tive committee;  presented  credentials  as  a  Demo- 
cratic Member-elect  to  the  Fifty-fourth  Congress 
and  served  from  March  4,  1895,  until  May  2,  1896, 
when  he  was  succeeded  by  Robert  T.  Thorp,  who 
successfully  contested  his  election;  resumed  the 
practice  of  law  in  Petersburg,  Va. 

McKenty,  Jacob  K.,  a  Representative  from 
Pennsylvania;  born  in  Douglasville,  Pa.,  in  1827; 
was  graduated  from  Yale  college  in  1848;  studied 
law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar  and  commenced 
practice  in  Reading,  Pa.,  in  1851;  elected  county 
attorney  in  1856;  elected  to  the  Thirty-sixth  Con- 
gress, to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  the  death  of  John 
Schwartz,  and  served  from  December  3,  1860,  to 
March  3,  1861;  died  in  Douglasville,  Pa.,  January 
3, 1863. 

McKenzie,  James  Arthur,  a  Representative 
from  Kentucky;  born  in  Christian  county,  Ky., 
August  1,  1840;  attended  the  common  schools  of 
Christian  county  and  Centre  college,  Danville, 
Ky.;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1861, 
and  practiced;  also  engaged  in  farming;  member 
of  the  state  legislature  1867-1871;  Democratic 


elector  for  the  state  at  large  in  1872;  elected  as  a 
Democrat  to  the  Forty-fifth,  Forty-sixth,  and 
Forty-seventh  Congresses  (March  4,  1877-March  3, 
1883);  secretary  of  state  of  Kentucky  under  Gov. 
J.  Proctor  Knptt;  commissioner  to  the  World's  fair, 
Chicago;  minister  to  Peru  under  Cleveland's  last 
administration;  resigned,  and  located  on  is  farm 
near  Long  View,  Ky.;  died  in  Oak  Grove,  Ky., 
June  25,  1904. 

McKenzie,  Lewis,  a  Representative  from  Vir- 
ginia; born  in  Alexandria,  Va.,  October  7,  1810; 
pursued  an  academic  course;  prominently  engaged 
in  shipping  and  mercantile  pursuits;  city  council- 
man for  a  number  of  years;  elected  as  a  Unionist 
to  the  Thirty-seventh  Congress  to  fill  vacancy 
caused  by  the  unseating  of  Charles  H.  Upton, 
and  served  from  February  16,  1863,  to  March  3, 
1863,  and  as  a  Union  Conservative  to  the  Forty- 
first  Congress,  and  served  from  January  31,  1870, 
to  March  3,  1871;  president  of  the  Washington  & 
Ohio  railroad  company;  appointed  postmaster  of 
Alexandria,  Va.,  in  1878;  died  in  Alexandria,  Va., 
June  28,  1895. 

McKeon,  John,  a  Representative  from  New 
York;  born  in  Albany,  N  Y.,  in  1808;  was  grad- 
uated from  Columbia  college  in  1828;  studied  law, 
was  admitted  to  the  bar,  in  1828,  and  practiced 
in  New  York  City;  member  of  the  state  assembly 
1832-1834;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Twenty- 
fourth  Congress  (March  4,  1835-March  3,  1837); 
reelected  to  the  Twenty-seventh  Congress  (March 
4,  1841-March  3,  1843);  unsuccessful  candidate  for 
reelection  to  the  Twenty-fifth  and  Twenty-eighth 
Congresses;  district  attorney  for  New  York  county 
1846-1851,  and  again  elected  in  1881;  appointed 
United  States  district  attorney  for  the  southern 
district  of  New  York  in  1853:  died  in  New  York 
City,  November  23,  1883. 

McKibbin,  Joseph  C.,  a  Representative  from 
California;  born  in  Pennsylvania  in  1824;  pursued 
an  academic  course;  moved  to  California;  elected 
as  a  Democrat  to  the  Thirty-fifth  Congress  (March 
4,  1857-March  3,  1859);  died  in  Marshall  Hall, 
Charles  county,  Md.,  July  1,  1896. 

McKim,  Alexander,  a  Representative  from 
Maryland;  born  in  Baltimore,  Md.,  January  10, 
1748;  pursued  an  academic  course;  member  of  the 
state  house  of  representatives  in  1778;  served  in  the 
Revolutionary  war;  member  of  the  state  senate  in 
1806  and  reelected  in  1808;  elected  as  a  Democrat 
to  the  Eleventh,  Twelfth,  and  Thirteenth  Con- 
gresses (March  4, 1809-March  3, 1815) ;  first  president 
of  the  Merchants'  national  bank  of  Baltimore;  pre- 
siding judge  of  the  Baltimore  county  orphans' 
court;  died  in  Baltimore,  Md.,  January  18,  1832. 

McKim,  Isaac,  a  Representative  from  Mary- 
land; born  in  Baltimore,  Md.,  July  21,  1775;  at- 
tended the  public  schools;  engaged  in  mercantile 
pursuits;  served  in  the  war  of  1812  as  aid-de-camp 
to  Gen.  Samuel  Smith;  member  of  the  state  senate 
for  one  term;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Seven- 
teenth Congress,  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  the 
resignation  of  Samuel  Smith;  reelected  to  the 
Eighteenth  Congress  and  served  from  January  8, 
1823,  to  March  3,  1825);  again  elected  to  the 
Twenty-third,  Twenty-fourth,  and  Twenty-fifth 
Congresses,  and  served  from  March  4,  1838,  until 
his  death  in  Baltimore,  Md.,  April  1,  1838. 

McKinlay,  Duncan  E.,  a  Representative  from 
California;  born  in  Orillia,  Ontario,  Canada,  Octo- 


BIOGRAPHIES. 


835 


her  6, 1862;  attended  the  common  schools,  and  then 
learned  the  trade  of  carriage  painting  and  worked 
in  Flint,  Mich.;  San  Francisco,  Sacramento,  and 
Santa  Rosa,  Cal. ;  studied  law,  and  was  admitted  to 
the  bar  by  the  supreme  court  of  California  in  1892; 
presidential  elector  at  large  on  the  Republican 
ticket  in  1896;  appointed  assistant  United  States 
attorney  at  San  Francisco  in  1901;  elected  as  a 
Republican  to  the  Fifty-ninth,  Sixtieth,  and  Sixty- 
first  Congresses  (March  4,  1905-March  3,  1911); 
appointed  United  States  surveyor  of  customs  for 
the  port  of  San  Francisco,  Cal. 

McKinley,  John,  a  Senator  and  a  Representa- 
tive from  Alabama;  born  in  Culpeper  county,  Va., 
May  1,  1780;  moved  to  Kentucky;  studied  law,  was 
admitted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced  practice  in 
Louisville,  Ky.;  moved  to  Huntsville,  Ala.;  mem- 
ber of  the  state  house  of  representatives;  elected  as 
a  Jackson  Democrat  to  the  United  States  Senate,  to 
fill  vacancy  caused  by  the  death  of  Henry  Cham- 
bers, and  served  from  November  '27,  1826,  to 
March  3,  1831;  elected  to  the  Twenty-third  Con- 
gress (March  4,  1833-March  3,  1835);  again  elected 
a  United  States  Senator  for  the  term  beginning 
March  4,  1837,  and  resigned  April  22,  1837;  ap- 
pointed an  associate  justice  of  the  United  States 
supreme  court  April  22,  1837,  and  served  until  his 
death  in  Louisville,  Ky.,  July  19,  1852. 

McKinley,  William,  a  Representative  from  Vir- 
ginia; native  of  that  state;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to 
the  Eleventh  Congress,  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by 
the  resignation  of  John  G.  Jackson,  and  served 
from  December  21,  1810,  to  March  3,  1811. 

McKinley,  William,  jr.,  a  Representative  from 
Ohio;  born  in  Niles,  Ohio,  January  29, 1843;  enlisted 
in  the  United  States  army  on  June  23,  1861,  as  a 
private  soldier  in  the  twenty-third  Ohio  volunteer 
infantry,  and  was  mustered  out  as  captain  and 
brevet  major  of  the  same  regiment;  prosecuting 
attorney  of  Stark  county,  Ohio,  1869-1871;  elected 
as  a  Republican  to  the  Forty-fifth,  Forty-sixth,  and 
Forty-seventh  Congresses  (March -4,  1877-March  3, 
1883):  presented  credentials  as  a  Member-elect  to 
the  Forty-eighth  Congress,  and  served  from  March 
4,  1883,  until  May  27,  1884,  when  he  was  succeeded 
by  Jonathan  H.  Wallace,  who  contested  his  elec- 
tion; reelected  to  the  Forty-ninth,  Fiftieth,  and 
Fifty-first  Congresses  (March  4,  1885-March  3, 
1891);  elected  governor  of  Ohio  in  1891  and  inaugu- 
rated January  11,  1892;  reelected  in  1893,  and 
served  until  1896;  elected  President  of  the  United 
States  in  November,  1896;  reelected  in  1900;  assas- 
sinated by  an  anarchist  while  attending  the  Pan 
American  exposition  in  Buffalo,  N.  Y.,  September 
6,  1901,  and  died  in  that  city  September  14,  1901; 
interment  in  Canton,  Ohio. 

McKinley,  William  Brown,  a  Representative 
from  Illinois;  born  in  Petersburg,  111.,  Septembers, 
1856;  attended  the  common  schools  and  the  Uni- 
versity of  Illinois;  farmer  and  banker  in  Cham- 
paign, 111.;  trustee  of  the  University  of  Illinois; 
delegate  to  the  Republican  national  convention  in 
1908;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Fifty-ninth, 
Sixtieth,  and  Sixty -first  Congresses  (March  4, 1905- 
March  3,  1911).  Reelected  to  the  Sixty-second  Con- 
gress. 

McKinney,  James,  a  Representative  from  Illi- 
nois, born  in  Oquawka,  111.,  April  14, 1852;  attended 
the  public  schools  and  was  graduated  from  Mon- 
mouth  college  in  1874;  elected  president  of  the 
Aledo  bank;  member  of  the  Republican  state  cen- 


tral committee;  appointed  by  Gov.  Yates  in  1901 
a  member  ot  the  state  railroad  and  warehouse 
commission,  but  resigned  in  1902;  president  of  the 
Aledo  board  of  education ;  elected  as  a  Republican 
to  the  Fifty-ninth  Congress  to  fill  vacancy  caused 
by  the  death  of  Benjamin  F.  Marsh;  reelected  to 
the  Sixtieth  and  Sixty-first  Congresses,  and  served 
from  December  4,  1905,  to  March  3,  1911.  Reelected 
to  the  Sixty-second  Congress. 

McKinney,  John  Franklin,  a  Representative 
from  Ohio;  born  near  Piqua,  Ohio,  April  12,  1827; 
completed  preparatory  studies;  studied  law,  was 
admitted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced  practice  in 
Piqua  in  1851;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Thirty- 
eighth  Congress  (March  4,  1863-March  3,  1865); 
unsuccessful  candidate  for  reelection  to  the  Thirty- 
ninth  Congress;  reelected  to  the  Forty -second  Con- 
gress (March  4,  1871-March  3,  1873);  died  near 
Piqua,  Ohio,  June  13,  1903. 

McKinney,  Luther  Franklin,  a  Representa- 
tive from  New  Hampshire ;  born  near  Newark,  Lick- 
ing county,  Ohio,  April  25,  1841;  attended  the 
common  schools;  enlisted  in  the  first  Ohio  cavalry 
in  August,  1861,  and  served  as  sergeant  until  1863y 
when  he  was  discharged  for  disabilities  resulting 
from  typhoid  fever;  in  the  spring  of  1865  moved  to 
the  state  of  Iowa,  where  he  remained  until  the  fall 
of  1867,  engaged  in  farming  and  teaching;  was 
graduated  from  the  St.  Lawrence  university,  Can- 
ton, N.  Y.,  June  30,  1870;  moved  to  Maine  and 
entered  the  ministry;  moved  to  New  Hampshire  in 
1873;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Fiftieth  Congress 
(March  4,  1887-March  3,  1889);  reelected  to  the 
Fifty-second  Congress  (March  4,  1891-March  3, 
1893);  was  minister  to  Colombia,  South  America, 
1893-1897;  member  of  the  state  legislature  of 
Maine,  1907-1908;  merchant  and  clergyman  in 
Bridgton,  Me.  ^ 

McKissock,  Thomas,  a  Representative  from 
New  York;  born  in  Montgomery,  Orange  county, 
N."  Y.,  in  1790;  studied  medicine  and  law,  com- 
menced practice  of  the  latter  in  Newburgh;  ap- 
pointed a  puisne  justice  of  the  supreme  court  in 
1847;  elected  as  a  Whig  to  the  Thirty-first  Congress 
(March  4,  1849-March  3,  1851);  unsuccessful  candi- 
date for  reelection  to  the  Thirty -second  Congress; 
died  in  St.  Andrews,  Orange  county,  N.  Y.,  in  1866; 
interment  in  Oldtown  cemetery,  Newburgh,  N.  Y. 

McKnight,  Robert,  a  Representative  from 
Pennsylvania;  born  in  Pittsburgh,  Pa.,  January  27, 
1820;  was  graduated  from  Princeton  college  in 
1839;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1842, 
and  commenced  practice  in  Pittsburgh  in  1842; 
city  councilman  1847-1849;  elected  as  a  Repub- 
lican to  the  Thirty-sixth  and  Thirty-seventh  Con- 
gresses (March  4,  1859-March  3,  1863);  died  in 
Pittsburgh,  Pa.,  October  25,  1885. 

McLachlan,  James,  a  Representative  from  Cal- 
ifornia; born  in  Argyllshire,  Scotland,  August  1, 
1852;  came  with  his  parents  to  Tompkins  county, 
N.  Y.,  where  he  was  reared  on  a  farm,  and  attended 
the  public  schools;  taught  in  the  public  schools, 
and  while  engaged  in  that  work  prepared  himself 
for  college;  elected  school  commissioner  of  Tomp- 
kins county,  N.  Y.,  in  1877;  was  graduated  from 
Hamilton  college,  New  York,  in  1878;  studied  law, 
and  was  admitted  to  practice  in  the  supreme  court 
of  New  York  state  in  1880;  practiced  in  Ithaca, 
N.  Y.,  1881-1888;  moved  to  Pasadena,  Cal.,  and 
there  continued  the  practice  of  his  profession; 
elected  district  attorney  of  Los  Angeles  county, 


836 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIEECTORY. 


Cal.,  in  1890;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Fifty- 
fourth  Congress  (March  4,  1895-March  3,  1897); 
reelected  to  the  Fifty -seventh,  and  to  the  four 
succeeding  Congresses  (March  4,  1901-March  3, 
1911);  resumed  the  practice  of  law  in  Pasadena,  Cal. 

McLain,  Frank  Alexander,  a  Representative 
from  Mississippi;  born  in  Amite  county,  Miss., 
January  29,  1853;  attended  the  common  schools, 
and  was  graduated  from  the  University  of  Mis- 
sissippi in  June,  1874;  studied  law,  was  admitted 
to  the  bar,  and  commenced  practice  in  Liberty, 
Miss.,  in  1880;  elected  to  the  state,  legislature  in 
1881  for  a  term  of  two  years;  elected  district  attorney 
for  his  judicial  district  in  1883,  and  served  for  three 
consecutive  terms  of  four  years  each;  member  of 
the  constitutional  convention  of  Mississippi  in 
1890;  resigned  the  office  of  district  attorney  January 
1, 1896,  and  resumed  law  practice  in  Gloster,  Miss. ; 
elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Fifty-fifth  Congress, 
to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  the  death  of  William  F. 
Love;  reelected  to  the  Fifty-sixth,  Fifty-seventh, 
Fifty-eighth,  Fifty-ninth,  and  Sixtieth  Congresses, 
and  served  from  December  12,  1898,  to  March  3, 
1909;  state  supreme  court  commissioner  and  a  resi- 
dent of  Jackson,  Miss. 

McLanahan,  James  Xavier,  a  Representative 
from  Pennsylvania;  born  near  Greencastle,  Pa.,  in 
1809;  was  graduated  from  Dickinson  college  in 
1826;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and 
commenced  practice  in  Chambersburg,  Pa.;  mem- 
ber of  the  state  senate  in  1841;  elected  as  a  Demo- 
crat to  the  Thirty-first  and  Thirty-second  Con- 
gresses (March  4,  1849-March  3, 1853);  died  in  New 
York  City,  December  16,  1861. 

McLane,  Louis,  a  Representative  and  a  Sena- 
tor from  Delaware;  born  in  Smyrna,  Del.,  May  28, 
1786;  entered  the  United  States  navy  in  1798; 
studied  law,  *tvas  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  com- 
menced practice  in  Smyrna  in  1807;  served  in  the 
war  of  1812;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Fifteenth, 
Sixteenth,  Seventeenth,  Eighteenth,  and  Nine- 
teenth Congresses  (March  4,  1817-March  3,  1827); 
elected  to  the  United  States  Senate  and  served 
from  March  4,  1827,  until  April  16,  1829,  when  he 
resigned;  minister  to  England  April  18,  1829,  to 
July  6,  1831;  Secretary  of  the  Treasury  of  the 
United  States  August  8,  1831,  to  May  29,  1833; 
Secretary  of  State  of  the  United  States  May  29, 
1833,  to  June  2,  1834;  again  minister  to  England 
June  16,  1845,  to  August  18,  1846;  delegate  in  the 
Maryland  constitutional  convention  of  1850;  presi- 
dent of  the  Baltimore  &  Ohio  railroad  1837-1847; 
died  in  Baltimore,  Md.,  October  7,  1857. 

McLane,  Robert  Milligan,  a  Representative 
from  Maryland;  born  in  Wilmington,  Del.,  June  23, 
1815;  completed  preparatory  studies;  attended 
St.  Mary's  college  in  1827,  and  the  College  Bour- 
bon, Paris,  in  1829;  appointed  a  cadet  at  West 
Point  by  President  Jackson  in  1833;  was  grad- 
uated in  July,  1837,  and  commissioned  second  lieu- 
tenant of  artillery;  served  with  his  regiment  dur- 
ing the  Florida  wars  1837-1838;  transferred  to 
the  corps  of  topographical  engineers  in  1838,  then 
newly  reorganized,  and  served  until  he  resigned 
from  the  army  in  1843;  studied  law,  was  admitted 
to  the  bar,  and  commenced  practice  in  Baltimore, 
Md. ;  elected  to  the  Maryland  house  of  delegates  in 
1845;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Thirtieth  and 
Thirty-first  Congresses  (March  4,  1847-March  3, 
1851);  presidential  elector  on  the  Pierce  ticket  in 
1852;  in  1853  appointed  commissioner  to  China, 
with  the  powers  of  a  minister  plenipotentiary,  and 


at  the  same  time  accredited  to  Japan,  Siam,  Korea, 
and  Cochin  China;  delegate  in  the  Democratic 
national  convention  in  Cincinnati  in  1856;  ap- 
pointed envoy  extraordinary  and  minister  pleni- 
potentiary to  the  republic  of  Mexico  in  1859;  dele- 
gate in  the  Democratic  national  convention  in  St. 
Louis  in  1876;  member  of  the  state  senate  of  Mary- 
land in  1877;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Forty- 
sixth  and  Forty-seventh  Congresses  (March  4, 1879- 
March  3,  1883);  elected  governor  of  Maryland  in 
1883,  and  resigned  in  1885;  appointed  by  President 
Cleveland  United  States  minister  to  France  March 
23,  1885,  and  served  four  years;  died  in  Paris, 
France,  April  26,  1898. 

McLaughlin,  James  C.,  a  Representative  from 
Michigan;  born  in  Illinois;  moved  to  Muskegon, 
Mich.,  in  1864;  attended  the  public  schools  of 
Muskegon  and  the  literary  and  law  departments 
of  the  University  of  Michigan,  and  was  graduated 
from  the  latter  in  1883;  prosecuting  attorney  of 
Muskegon  county;  in  1901  appointed  by  the  gover- 
nor of  the  state  a  member  of  the  board  of  state  tax 
commissioners  and  state  board  of  assessors,  in  the 
latter  capacity  taking  part  in  the  first  assessment 
of  railroad  property  of  the  state  for  taxation; 
elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Sixtieth  and  Sixty- 
first  Congresses  (March  4,  1907-March  3,  1911). 
Elected  to  the  Sixty-second  Congress. 

McLaurin,  Anselm  Joseph,  a  Senator  from 
Mississippi;  born  in  Brandon,  Miss.,  March  26, 
1848;  moved  with  his  parents  to  Smith  county, 
attended  the  common  schools,  and  Summerville 
institute;  enlisted  in  the  Confederate  army  in  1864 
and  served  as  a  private;  again  attended  the  Sum- 
merville institute  1865-1867;  studied  law,  was 
admitted  to  the  bar  July  3,  1868,  and  began  prac- 
tice in  Raleigh,  Miss. ;  elected  district  attorney  in 
1871;  member  of  the  state  house  of  representatives 
in  1879;  presidential  elector  for  the  state  at  large 
in  1888;  delegate  in  the  constitutional  convention 
of  1890;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  United  States 
Senate,  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  the  death  of 
Edward  C.  Walthall,  and  served  from  February  7, 

1894,  to  March  3,  1895;  governor  of  Mississippi  in 

1895,  and  served  four  years;  reelected  to  the  United 
States  Senate  as  a  Democrat  in  1900  and  1907,  and 
served  from  March  4,  1901,  until  his  death  in  Bran- 
don, Miss.,  December  22,  1909. 

McLaurin,  John  Loundes,  a  Representative 
and  a  Senator  from  South  Carolina;  born  in  Red 
Bluff,  Marlboro  county,  S.  C.,  May  9,  1860;  at- 
tended the  common  schools  in  Bennettsville  and 
Bethel  military  academy,  near  Warrenton,  Va., 
Swarthmore  college,  Philadelphia;  Carolina  mili- 
tary institute,  and  the  University  of  Virginia; 
studied  law  in  the  last-named  school,  was  admitted 
to  the  bar  in  1882,  and  practiced  in  Marlboro 
county;  elected  to  the  general  assembly  of  South 
Carolina  in  1890;  elected  attorney  general  of 
the  state  in  1891;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the 
Fifty-second  Congress,  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  the 
death  of  Eli  T.  Stackhouse;  reelected  to  the  Fifty- 
third,  Fifty-fourth,  and  Fifty-fifth  Congresses, 
and  served  from  December  5,  1892,  until  May  31, 
1897,  when  he  resigned;  appointed,  and  subse- 
quently elected  to  the  United  States  Senate,  to  fill 
vacancy  caused  by  the  death  of  Joseph  H.  Earle, 
and  served  from  June  1,  1897,  to  March  3,  1903; 
engaged  in  farming  near  Bennettsville,  S.  C. 

McLean,  Alney,  a  Representative  from  Ken- 
tucky; born  in  Burke  county,  N.  C.,  June  10,  1779; 
moved  to  Kentucky;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to 


BIOGRAPHIES. 


837 


the  bar,  and  practiced  in  Greenville,  Ky.;  member 
of  the  state  house  of  representatives;  served  in  the 
war  of  1812;  surveyor  of  Muhlenburg  county; 
elected  to  the  Fourteenth  Congress  (March  4,  1815- 
March  3,  1817);  reelected  to  the  Sixteenth  Congress 
(March  4,  1819-March  3,  1821);  circuit  judge  from 
1821  until  his  death  in  Muhlenburg  county,  Ky., 
December  30,  1841. 

McLean,  Finis  E.,  a  Representative  from  Ken- 
tucky; native  of  Kentucky;  state  representa- 
tive from  Elkton;  elected  as  a  Whig  to  the  Thirty- 
first  Congress  (March  4,  1849-March  3,  1851). 

McLean,  James  Henry,  a  Representative  from 
Missouri;  born  in  Ayrshire,  Scotland,  August  13, 
1829;  reared  in  Nova  Scotia,  and  moved  to  the 
United  States;  studied  medicine  and  surgery  in 
St.  Louis,  Mo.,  and  was  graduated  in  1863,  and 
practiced  in  St.  Louis;  elected  as  a  Republican 
to  the  Forty -seventh  Congress,  to  fill  vacancy 
caused  by  the  death  of  Thomas  Allen,  and  served 
from  December  15,  1882,  to  March  3,  1883;  died  in 
Dansville,  N.  Y.,  August  12, 


McLean,  John,  a  Representative  from  Ohio; 
born  in  Morris  county,  N.  J.,  March  11,  1785; 
moved  to  Morgan  town,  Va.,  in  1789;  to  Nicholas- 
ville,  Ky.,  in  1790;  to  Maysville,  Ky.,  in  1793,  and 
to  Lebanon,  "Ohio,  in  1797;  attended  the  common 
schools;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar  and 
commenced  practice  in  Lebanon,  Ohio,  in  1807; 
elected  as  a  War  Democrat  to  the  Thirteenth  and 
Fourteenth  Congresses,  and  served  from  March  4, 
1813,  until  his  resignation  in  1816;  elected  state 
supreme  court  judge  in  1816;  appointed  commis- 
sioner of  the  United  States  general  land  office  Sep- 
tember 11,  1822;  Postmaster  General  of  the  United 
States  December  9,  1823,  to  March  7,  1829;  asso- 
ciate justice  of  the  United  States  supreme  court 
March  7,  1829,  until  his  death  in  Cincinnati,  Ohio, 
April  4,  1861. 

McLean,  John,  a  Representative  and  a  Senator 
from  Illinois;  born  in  North  Carolina  February  4, 
1791;  pursued  an  academic  course;  moved  to  Illi- 
nois in  1815;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar, 
and  commenced  practice  in  Shawneetown,  111.; 
member  of  the  state  house  of  representatives,  and 
elected  speaker;  elected  to  the  Fifteenth  Congress 
(March  4,  1813-March  3,  1815);  elected  United 
States  Senator  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  the  resig- 
nation of  Ninian  Edwards,  and  served  from  Decem- 
ber 20,  1824,  to  March  3,  1825;  again  elected  Sen- 
ator, and  served  from  December  7,  1829,  until  his 
death  in  Shawneetown,  111.,  October  14,  1830. 

McLean,  Moses,  a  Representative  from  Penn- 
sylvania; born  in  Gettysburg,  Pa.,  June  17,  1804; 
pursued  an  academic  course;  studied  law,  was  ad- 
mitted to  the  bar,  and  commenced  practice  in 
Gettysburg  in  1825;  elected  to  the  Twenty-ninth 
Congress  (March  4,  1845-March  3,  1847);  member 
of  the  state  house  of  representatives  in  1855;  died 
in  Gettysburg,  Pa.,  October  1,  1870. 

McLean,  Samuel,  a  Delegate  from  Montana 
Territory;  born  in  Summit  Hill,  Carbon  county, 
Pa.,  August  7,  1826;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to 
the  bar  in  1849,  and  practiced  in  Mauch  Chunk, 
Pa.;  district  attorney  of  Carbon  county,  Pa.,  1855- 
1860;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Thirty-eighth 
and  Thirty-ninth  Congresses  (March  4,  1863-1867); 
died  in  Burkeville,  Va.,  July  16,  1877. 

McLean,  William,  a  Representative  from  Ohio; 
born  in  Morris  county,  N.  J.;  attended  the  public 


schools;  moved  to  Ohio;  appointed  receiver  of 
public  moneys  in  Piqua,  Ohio;  elected  to  the 
Eighteenth,  Nineteenth,  and  Twentieth  Congresses 
(March  4,  1823-March  3,  1829);  died  in  Cincinnati, 
Ohio,  October  12,  1839. 

McLean,  William  P.,  a  Representative  from 
Texas;  born  in  Hinds  county,  Miss.,  August  9, 
1836;  moved  to  Marshall,  Tex.,  in  1839;  was  gradu- 
ated from  the  University  of  North  Carolina  in  1857; 
studied  law  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar;  served  in 
the  Confederate  army  throughout  the  Civil  war; 
member  of  the  Texas  legislature  in  1861  and  1869; 
elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Forty-third  Congress 
(March  4,  1873-March  3,  1875). 

McLene,  Jeremiah,  a  Representative  from 
Ohio;  born  in  Cumberland  county,  Pa.,  in  1767; 
attended  the  common  schools;  served  in  the  Revo- 
lutionary war;  member  of  the  state  house  of  repre- 
sentatives, 1807-1808;  moved  to  Columbus,  Ohio, 
in  1816;  secretary  of  state  of  Ohio,  1808-1831; 
elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Twenty-third  and 
Twenty-fourth  Congresses  (March  4,  1833-March  3, 
1837);  died  in  Washington,  D.  C.,  March  19,  1837. 

McMahon,  John  A.,  a  Representative  from 
Ohio;  born  in  Frederick  county,  Md.,  February  19, 
1833;  attended  Saint  Xavier's  college,  Cincinnati, 
and  was  graduated  in  1849;  began  the  study  of  law 
in  January,  1851,  in  Dayton,  was  admitted  to  the 
bar  in  June,  1854,  and  practiced  in  Dayton,  Ohio; 
a  delegate  at  large  to  the  national  Democratic  con- 
ventions in  Baltimore  in  1872  and  in  St.  Louis  in 
1904;  elected  as. a  Democrat  to  the  Forty-fourth, 
Forty-fifth,  and  Forty-sixth  Congresses  (March  4, 
1875-March  3,  1881);  resumed  the  practice  of  law  in 
Dayton,  Ohio. 

McManus,  William,  a  Representative  from  New 
York,  a  native  of  Rensselaer  county,  N.  Y. ;  elected 
to  the  Nineteenth  Congress  (March  4,  1825-March 
3,  1827);  died  in  Troy,  N.  Y. 

McMillan,  James,  a  Senator  from  Michigan; 
born  in  Hamilton,  Ontario,  May  12,  1838;  moved  to 
Detroit,  Mich.,  in  1855,  where  he  entered  upon  a 
business  career;  purchasing  agent  of  the  Detroit 
&  Milwaukee  railroad;  an  organizer  of  the  Michigan 
Car  company  in  1863;  built,  and  was  president  of 
the  Duluth,  South  Shore  &  Atlantic  railroad,  and 
was  largely  interested  in  shipbuilding  and  lake 
transportation  companies;  member  of  the  Repub- 
lican state  central  committee  in  1876,  and  on  the 
death  of  Zachariah  Chandler  made  chairman ;  again 
in  1886  and  1890  elected  chairman  of  the  com- 
mittee; for  three  years  was  president  of  the  Detroit 
board  of  park  commissioners  and  for  four  years  a 
member  of  the  Detroit  board  of  estimates;  Repub- 
lican presidential  elector  in  1884;  elected  to  the 
United  .States  Senate  in  1889;  reelected  in  1895  and 
1901,  and  served  from  March  3,  1889,  until  his 
death  in  Manchester,  Mass.,  August  10,  1902. 

McMillan,  Samuel,  a  Representative  from  New 
York;  born  in  county  Down,  town  of  Drumore. 
Ireland,  August  6,  1850;  came  to  this  country  and 
settled  in  New  York  City;  moved  with  his  parents 
to  Niles,  Ohio;  attended  the  common  schools;  re- 
turned to  New  York  City  and  took  up  the  trade  of 
carpenter;  attended  night  school  as  a  student  of 
architecture;  elected  director  of  the  West  Side 
bank;  vice  president  of  the  Bronx  Borough  bank 
and  of  the  Washington  savings  bank ;  director  and 
member  of  the  executive  committee  of  the  Mutual 
bank  of  New  York  City;  also  vice  president  of  the 


838 


CONGRESSIONAL   DIRECTORY. 


Ryan-Parker  construction  company,  contractors 
for  the  new  Manhattan  bridge  over  the  East  River 
from  New  York  City  to  Brooklyn;  member  of  the 
board  of  examiners  of  building  department,  city  of 
New  York,  for  twelve  years,  and  park  commis- 
sioner and  president  of  the  board  for  three  years 
under  Mayor  Strong's  administration;  elected  as  a 
Republican  to  the  Sixtieth  Congress  (March  4, 
1907-March  3,  1909). 

McMillan,  Samuel  James  Benwick,  a  Senator 
from  Minnesota;  born  in  Brownsville,  Pa.,  Febru- 
ary 22,  1826;  completed  preparatory  studies;  was 
graduated  from  Duquesne  college,  Pittsburgh,  in 
1846;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1849, 
and  commenced  practice  in  Still  water,  Minn.,  in 
1852;  elected  judge  of  the  first  judicial  circuit  in 
1857;  appointed  and  subsequently  elected  associate 
justice  of  the  state  supreme  court  in  1864;  reelected 
and  served  until  his  resignation  in  1874;  appointed 
in  1874,  and  afterwards  reelected,  chief  justice  of 
the  state  supreme  court,  and  resigned;  elected  as  a 
Republican  to  the  United  States  Senate  in  1875; 
reelected  in  1881,  and  served  from  March  4,  1875, 
to  March  3,  1887;  died  in  St.  Paul,  Minn.,  October 
3,  1897. 

McMillan,  William,  a  Delegate  from  the  North- 
west Territory;  born  in  Washington  county,  Va.,  in 
1760;  was  graduated  from  William  and  Mary  college ; 
studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  prac- 
ticed; moved  to  Fort  Washington  (now  Cincinnati, 
Ohio,)  in  1787;  held  several  local  offices;  elected  to 
the  territorial  legislature  in  1799;  elected  to  the 
Sixth  Congress,  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  the  resig- 
nation of  William  Henry  Harrison,  and  served  from 
November  24, 1800,  to  March  3,  1801;  United  States 
district  attorney  for  Ohio;  died  near  Cincinnati, 
Ohio,  in  June,  1804. 

McMillin,  Benton,  a  Representative  from  Ten- 
nessee; born  in  Monroe  county,  Ky.,  September  11, 
1845;  attended  Phylomath  academy,  Tennessee, 
and  Kentucky  university,  in  Lexington;  studied 
law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced  prac- 
tice in  Celina,  Tenn.,  in  1871;  member  of  the  state 
house  of  representatives  in  1874;  commissioned  by 
the  governor  to  treat  with  the  state  of  Kentucky  for 
the  purchase  of  territory  in  1875;  chosen  elector  on 
the  Tilden  and  Hendricks  ticket  in  1876;  commis- 
sioned by  the  governor  special  judge  of  the  cir- 
cuit court  in  1877;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the 
Forty -sixth,  and  to  the  nine  succeeding  Congresses, 
and  served  from  March  4,  1879,  until  his  resigna- 
tion, January  16,  1899;  elected  governor  of  Ten- 
nessee and  reelected,  and  served  until  1903;  en- 
gaged in  the  insurance  business  in  Nashville,  Tenn. 

McMprran,  Henry  Gorden,  a  Representative 
from  Michigan;  born  in  Port  Huron,  Mich.,  June 
11,  1844;  attended  public  schools;  engaged  in  the 
grocery  business,  milling,  grain  and  elevator  trade; 
general  manager  of  the  Port  Huron  &  Northwestern 
railway  from  1878  to  1889;  alderman  and  city 
treasurer  of  Port  Huron;  member  of  the  canal  com- 
mission; elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Fifty- 
eighth,  Fifty-ninth,  Sixtieth,  and  Sixty-first  Con- 
gresses (March  4,  1903-Ma»ch  3,  1911).  Reelected 
to  the  Sixty-second  Congress. 

McMullen,  Fayette,  a  Representative  from 
Virginia;  born  in  Virginia  in  1810;  pursued  an 
academic  course;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the 
Thirty-first,  Thirty-second,  Thirty-third,  and 
Thirty-fourth  Congresses  (March  4,  1849-March  3, 
1857);  governor  of  Washington  Territory  1857-1861; 


elected  a  representative  from  Virginia  to  the  Sec- 
ond confederate  congress,  and  served  to  the  end  of 
the  Confederacy;  died  in  Wytheville,  Va.,  No- 
vember 8,  1880. 

McNag-ny,  William  For^y,  a  Representative 
from  Indiana;  born  in  Summit  county,  Ohio,  April 
19,  1850;  moved  in  early  life  to  Whitley  county, 
Ind.;  attended  the  public  schools;  taught  school 
and  worked  on  a  farm  for  six  years;  employed  four 
years  as  station  agent  for  Pennsylvania  company; 
studied  law  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1873, 
and  practiced  in  Columbia  City;  elected  as  a  Demo- 
crat to  the  Fifty-third  Congress  (March  4,  1893- 
March  3,  1895);  resumed  the  practice  of  law  in 
Columbia  City,  Ind. 

McNair,  John,  a  Representative  from  Pennsyl- 
vania; born  in  Bucks  county,  Pa.,  in  1800;  pursued 
preparatory  studies;  became  a  resident  of  Norris- 
town,  Pa.;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Thirty- 
second  and  Thirty-third  Congresses  (March  4, 1851- 
March  3,  1855);  died  in  Evansport,  Va.,  August  7, 
1861. 

McNary,  William  Sarsfield,  a  Representative 
from  Massachusetts;  born  in  North  Arlington, 
Mass.,  March  29,  1863 ;  attended  the  public  schools; 
engaged  in  newspaper  work,  reporter  and  manag- 
ing editor  Boston  Commercial  Bulletin  1880-1892: 
member  of  the  state  house  of  representatives,  1889- 
1900;  member  of  the  state  senate,  1891-1892;  water 
commissioner  of  Boston,  1893-1894;  engaged  in  the 
insurance  business,  and  dealer  in  real  estate;  dele- 
gate in  the  Democratic  national  conventions  of  1900 
and  1904;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Fifty-eighth 
and  Fifty-ninth  Congresses  (March  4,  1903-March 
3,  1907). 

McNeely,  Thompson  Ware,  a  Representative 
from  Illinois;  born  in  Jacksonville,  111.,  October  5, 
1835;  was  graduated  from  Lombard  university  in 
1856  and  from  the  law  university  of  Louisville, 
Ky.,  in  1859;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  and  prac- 
ticed; member  of  the  Illinois  constitutional  con- 
vention of  1862 ;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Forty- 
first  and  Forty-second  Congresses  (March  4,  1869- 
March  3,  1873);  resumed  the  practive  of  law  in 
Petersburg,  111. 

McNeill,  Archibald,  a  Representative  from 
North  Carolina;  native  of  Cumberland  county, 
N.  C. ;  member  of  the  state  house  of  representatives 
1808-1809  and  of  the  state  senate  1811-1815;  elected 
to  the  Seventeenth  Congress  (March  4,  1821-March 
3,  1823);  reelected  to  the  Nineteenth  Congress 
(March  4,  1825-March  3,  1827). 

McNulta,  John,  a  Representative  from  Illinois; 
born  in  New  York  City,  November  9,  1837;  pur- 
sued an  academic  course;  visited  the  West  India 
Islands  and  Europe;  moved  to  Attica,  Ind.,  in 
1853,  and  to  Bloomington,  111.,  in  1859;  engaged 
in  the  manufacture  of  cigars  and  studied  law;  served 
in  the  Union  army;  captain  of  the  first  Illinois 
cavalry  July  3,  1861;  honorably  mustered  out  July 
14,  1862;  recommissioned  lieutenant  colonel  of  the 
ninety-fourth  Illinois  infantry  August  20,  1862; 
colonel  June  21,  1863;  brevet  brigadier  general  of 
volunteers  March  13,  1865,  "for  gallant  and  meri- 
torious services  in  the  siege  and  reduction  of  Span- 
ish Fort,  Ala.;  mustered  out  July  17,  1865;  was 
admitted  to  the  bar  and  commenced  law  practice 
in  Bloomington,  in  October,  1865;  member  of  the 
state  senate  1869-1873;  elected  as  a  Republican 
to  the  Forty-third  Congress  (March  4,  1873-March 


BIOGRAPHIES. 


839 


3,  1875);  unsuccessful  candidate  for  reelection  to 
the  Forty -fourth  Congress;  died  in  Washington, 
D.  C.,  February  22,  1900. 

McPherson,  Edward,  a  Representative  from 
Pennsylvania;  born  in  Gettysburg,  Pa.,  July  31, 
1830;  attended  the  common  schools;  was  graduated 
from  Pennsylvania  college  in  1848;  studied  law; 
edited  the  "  Harrisburg  American"  in  1851,  "In- 
dependent Whig,"  Lancaster,  Pa.,  1851-1854; 
"Daily  Times"  Pittsburgh,  Pa.,  1855;  elected  as  a 
Republican  to  the  Thirty -sixth  and  Thirty-seventh 
Congresses  (March  4,  1859-March  3,  1863);  unsuc- 
cessful candidate  for  reelection  to  the  Thirty-eighth 
Congress;  appointed  deputy  commissioner  of 
internal  revenue  in  1863;  elected  clerk  of  the  Na- 
tional House  of  Representatives  in  the  Thirty- 
eighth,  Thirty-ninth,  Fortieth,  Forty-first,  Forty- 
second,  Forty-third,  Forty -seventh,  and  Fifty-first 
Congresses;  president  of  the  national  Republican 
convention  of  1876;  director  of  the  bureau  of  en- 
graving and  printing  1877-1878;  editor  of  the  Phil- 
adelphia Press  1877-1880;  editor  and  proprietor 
of  a  paper  in  Gettysburg,  Pa.,  1880-1895;  editor  of 
the  New  York  Tribune  Almanac  1877-1895;  Ameri- 
can editor  of  the  Almanach  de  Gotha;  died  in 
Gettysburg,  Pa.,  December  14,  1895. 

McPherson,  John  Bhoderic,  a  Senator  from 
New  Jersey;  born  in  York,  Livingston  county, 
N.  Y.,  May  9,  1833;  attended  the  common  schools 
and  pursued  an  academic  course;  moved  to  Jersey 
City,  N .  J.,  in  1859;  farmer  and  dealer  in  live  stock; 
elected  a  member  of  the  board  of  aldermen  of 
Jersey  City  in  1864,  and  served  six  years;  president 
of  the  board  for  three  years;  member  of  the  state 
senate  of  New  Jersey  1871-1873;  presidential 
elector  on  the  Tilden  and  Hendricks  ticket  in  1876; 
elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  United  States  Senate 
in  1877;  reelected  in  1883  and  1889,  and  served 
from  March  4,  1877,  to  March  3,  1895;  delegate  in 
the  Democratic  national  conventions  of  1884,  1888, 
and  1892;  died  in  Jersey  City,  N.  J.,  October  8, 
1897. 

McPherson,  Smith,  a  Representative  from 
Iowa;  born  near  Mooresville,  Morgan  county,  Ind., 
February  14,  1848;  attended  the  common  schools 
and  pursued  an  academic  course;  attended  the  law 
school  of  the  Iowa  state  university  in  Iowa  City, 
from  which  he  was  graduated  in  June,  1870,  was 
admitted  to  the  bar;  attorney  general  of  Iowa  Janu- 
ary, 1881,  to  January,  1885;  elected  as  a  Republi- 
can to  the  Fifty-sixth  Congress,  and  served  from 
March  4,  1899,  until  his  resignation,  June  6,  1900, 
to  accept  appointment  as  United  States  district 
judge  for  the  southern  district  of  Iowa. 

McQueen,  John,  a  Representative  from  South 
Carolina;  born  in  Robeson  county,  N.  C.,  in  1808; 
completed  preparatory  studies,  and  was  graduated 
from  the  University  of  North  Carolina  in  1812; 
studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1828,  and 
commenced  practice  in  Bennettsville,  S.  C.,  in 
1828;  served  in  the  state  militia  1833-1837;  elected 
as  a  Democrat  to  the  Thirtieth  Congress,  to  fill 
vacancy  caused  by  the  death  of  Alexander  D. 
Sims;  reelected  to  the  Thirty-first,  and  to  the  five 
succeeding  Congresses,  and  served  from  February 
12,  1849,  until  his  retirement,  December  20,  1860; 
representative  from  South  Carolina  in  the  first 
Confederate  congress;  died  in  Society  Hill,  S.  C., 
August  30,  1867. 

McBae,  John  Jones,  a  Representative  and  a 
Senator  from  Mississippi;  born  in  North  Carolina, 


January  10,  1815;  pursued  an  academic  course; 
studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  prac- 
ticed; member  of  the  state  house  of  representatives 
and  of  the  senate  for  several  years;  served  as 
speaker  for  two  years;  appointed  as  a  Democrat 
to  the  United  States  Senate,  to  fill  vacancy  caused 
by  resignation  of  Jefferson  Davis,  and  served  from 
December  1,  1851,  to  February  19,  1852;  governor 
of  Mississippi,  1854-1858;  elected  as  a  States  Right 
Democrat  to  the  Thirty-fifth  Congress,  to  fill  vacan- 
cy caused  by  the  death  of  John  A.  Quitman;  re- 
elected  to  the  Thirty-sixth  Congress,  and  served 
from  December  7, 1858,  until  he  retired  January  12, 
1861;  representative  from  Mississippi  to  the  first 
Confederate  congress;  died  in  Belize,  British  Hon- 
duras, May  31,  1868. 

McBae,  Thomas  Chipman,  a  Representative 
from  Arkansas;  born  in  Mount  Holly,  Union 
county,  Ark.,  December  21,  1851;  attended  pri- 
vate schools  in  Shady  Grove,  Columbia  county; 
Mount  Holly,  Union  county;  and  Falcon,  Nevada 
county,  Ark.;  received  a  full  course  of  instruction 
in  Soule"  business  college,  New  Orleans,  La.,  in 
1870;  was  graduated  in  law  from  the  Washington 
and  Lee  university,  Virginia,  in  1872;  admitted 
to  practice  in  state  circuit  courts  in  Rosston, 
Nevada  county,  Ark.,  January  8,  1873;  member  of 
the  state  legislature  of  Arkansas  in  1877,  in  which 
year  the  county  seat  was  changed,  and  he  moved 
from  Rosston  to  Prescott;  member  of  the  town 
council  of  the  incorporated  town  of  Prescott  in 
1879;  presidential  elector  for  Hancock  and  Eng- 
lish in  1880;  chairman  of  the  Democratic  state  con- 
vention in  1884  and  in  1902 ;  delegate  in  the  national 
Democratic  convention  of  1884;  Democratic 
national  committeeman  for  Arkansas  1896-1900; 
and  congressional  committeeman  1888-1902 ;  elected 
as  a  Democrat  to  the  Forty-ninth,  and  to  the  eight 
succeeding  Congresses  (March  4,  1885-March  3, 
1903);  resumed  the  practice  of  law  in  Prescott, 
Ark. 

McBoberts,  Samuel,  a  Senator  from  Illinois; 
born  in  Monroe  county,  111.,  April  12,  1799;  was 
graduated  from  Transylvania  university;  clerk  of 
the  circuit  court  of  Monroe  county,  111.;  studied 
law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced 
practice  in  Danville,  111.;  elected  one  of  the  five 
circuit  judges  of  the  state  in  1824;  United  States 
attorney  for  Illinois;  member  of  the  state  senate  in 
1828;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  United  States 
Senate  and  served  from  March  4,  1841,  until  hia 
death  in  Cincinnati,  Ohio,  March  27,  1843. 

McBuer,  Donald  Campbell,  a  Representative 
from  California;  born  in  Bangor,  Me.,  March  10, 
1826;  pursued  an  academic  course;  moved  to  San 
Francisco,  Cal.,  in  1851;  harbor  commissioner  of 
San  Francisco;  member  of  the  board  of  education 
of  San  Francisco  1859-1860;  elected  as  a  Repub- 
lican to  the  Thirty-ninth  Congress  (March  4,  1865- 
March  3,  1867);  died  in  St.  Helena,  Cal.,  January 
29,  1898. 

McShane,  John  Albert,  a  Representative  from 
Nebraska;  born  in  New  Lexington,  Perry  county, 
Ohio,  August  25,  1850;  attended  the  common 
schools;  moved  to  Wyoming  Territory  in  1871; 
moved  to  Omaha,  Nebr.,  in  1874,  but  retained  his 
interests  in  Wyoming  until  1883,  when  he  merged 
his  individual  cattle  interests  in  the  Bay  State 
live  stock  company;  director  in  the  First  National 
bank  of  Omaha;  member  of  the  state  house  of  rep- 
resentatives in  1880-1882;  served  in  the  state  senate 


840 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 


1882-1886;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Fiftieth 
Congress  (March  4,  1887-March  3,  1839). 

Me  Sherry,  James,  a  Representative  from 
Pennsylvania;  born  in  Littlestown,  Adams  county, 
Pa.,  July  29,  1776;  attended  common  schools; 
member  of  the  state  house  of  representatives  for 
twenty  years;  elected  to  the  Seventeenth  Congress 
(March  4,  1821-March  3,  1823);  ded  in  Littlestown, 
Pa.,  February  3,  1849. 

McVean,  Charles,  a  Representative  from  New 
York;  born  near  Johnstown,  N.  Y.,  in  1802;  pur- 
sued an  academic  course;  studied  law,  was  admit- 
ted to  the  bar,  and  commenced  practice  in  Canajo- 
haire,  N.  Y. ;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Twenty- 
third  Congress  (March  4,  1833-March  3,  1835); 
moved  to  New  York  City;  appointed  surrogate 
January  24,  1844;  United  States  attorney  for  the 
southern  district  of  New  York  in  1848;  died  in 
New  York  City,  December  20,  1848. 

McWillie,  William,  a  Representative  from  Mis- 
sissippi; born  in  Kershaw  district,  S.  C.,  November 
17,  1795;  served  Ihe  War  of  1812;  was  graduated 
from  South  Cc,.  ^.na  college  in  1817;  studied  law, 
was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced  practice 
in  Camden,  S.  C.,  in  1818;  member  of  the  state 
senate  1836-1840;  moved  to  Madison,  Miss.,  in 
September,  1845;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the 
Thirty-first  Congress  (March  4, 1849-March  3, 1851) ; 
unsuccessful  candidate  for  the  Thirty-second  Con- 
gress; governor  of  Mississippi  1858-1860:  active  in 
the  support  of  the  Confederacy;  died  in  Kirkwood, 
Miss.,  March  3,  1869. 

Macdonald,  John  Lewis,  a  Representative 
from  Minnesota;  born  in  Glasgow,  Scotland,  Feb- 
ruary 22,  1836;  moved  with  his  parents  to  Nova 
Scotia;  came  to  the  United  States  in  1847,  and 
located  in  Pittsburgh,  Pa. ;  moved  to  Minnesota  in 
1855,  and  settled  in  Scott  county;  studied  law,  and 
was  admitted  to  the  bar  1859;  judge  of  the  probate 
court  of  Scott  county  in  1860  and  1861;  during  the 
Civil  war  commissioned  to  enlist  and  muster  in  vol- 
unteers for  the  Union  army,  and  served  in  that 
capacity;  prosecuting  attorney  of  Scott  county, 
1863-1864 ;  county  superintendent  of  schools ;  mayor 
of  Shakopee;  member  of  the  state  house  of  repre- 
sentatives 1869-1870,  and  of  the  state  senate  1871, 
1873-1876;  candidate  of  the  Democratic  party  for 
attorney  general  in  1872;  elected  judge  of  the 
eighth  judicial  district  of  Minnesota  in  1876  for  the 
term  of  seven  years,  and  reelected  without  oppo- 
sition in  1883;  resigned  in  the  fall  of  1886;  elected 
as  a  Democrat  to  the  Fiftieth  Congress  (March  4, 
1887-March  3,  1889);  resumed  the  practice  of  law 
in  Kansas  City,  Mo.,  and  died  there  July  13,  1903. 

MacDougall,  Clinton  Dugald,  a  Representa- 
tive from  New  York;  born  in  Scotland  June  14, 
1839;  emigrated  to  New  York  in  1842;  pursued  an 
academic  course;  studied  law,  but  engaged  in 
banking,  1856-1869;  served  in  the  Union  army; 
commissioned  captain  of  the  seventy-fifth  New 
York  infantry  September  16,  1861;  lieutenant  col- 
onel of  the  one  hundred  and  eleventh  New  York 
infantry  August  20,  1862;  colonel  January  3,  1863; 
brevet  brigadier  general  of  volunteers  February  25, 
1865;  honorably  mustered  out  June  4,  1865;  ap- 
pointed postmaster  of  Auburn,  N.  Y.,  in  1869; 
elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Forty-third  and 
Forty-fourth  Congresses  (March  4,  1873-March  3, 
1877);  appointed  United  States  marshal  of  the 
western  judicial  district  of  New  York  in  1877. 


Mace,  Daniel,  a  Representative  from  Indiana; 
born  in  Pickaway  county,  Ohio,  September  5, 1811 ; 
attended  the  public  schools;  studied  law,  was  ad- 
mitted to  the  bar,  and  commenced  practice  in 
Lafayette,  Ind . ;  member  of  the  state  house  of  repre- 
sentatives in  1836 ;  clerk  of  the  state  house  of  repre- 
sentatives in  1837;  United  States  attorney  for 
Indiana  1849-1853;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the 
Thirty-second  and  Thirty-third  Congresses  (March 
4,  1851-March  3,  1855);  reelected  as  a  Republican 
to  the  Thirty-fourth  Congress  (March  4,  1855- 
March  3, 1857);  appointed  postmaster  of  Lafayette 
by  President  Lincoln;  died  in  Lafayette,  Ind., 
July  26,  1867. 

Machen,  Willis  Benson,  a  Senator  from  Ken- 
tucky; born  in  Caldwell  county,  Ky.,  April  10, 
1810;  attended  the  common  schools;  engaged  in 
farming;  delegate  to  the  constitutional  convention 
of  1849;  member  of  the  state  senate  in  1854;  served 
in  the  state  house  of  representatives  in  1856  and 
1860;  elected  to  the  first  and  second  Confederate 
congresses;  appointed  as  a  Democrat  to  the  United 
States  Senate,  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  the  death 
of  Garrett  Davis,  and  served  from  September  27, 
1872,  to  March  3,  1873;  died  in  Louisville,  Ky., 
September  28,  1893. 

Machir,  James,  a  Representative  from  Vir- 
ginia; native  of  that  state;  elected  to  the  Fifth  Con- 
gress (March  4,  1797-March  3, 1799);  died  June  25, 
1827. 

Mackey ,  Edmund  W.  M. ,  a  Representative  from 
South  Carolina;  born  in  Charleston,  S.  C.,  March  8, 
1846;  pursued  classical  studies;  appointed  assistant 
assessor  of  internal  revenue  in  South  Carolina, 
September  8,  1865;  studied  law,  and  was  admitted 
to  the  bar  November  22,  1868;  took  a  prominent 
part  in  the  work  of  reconstruction;  delegate  in  the 
state  constitutional  convention  of  November  19 
and  20,  1867;  sheriff  of  Charleston  county  1868- 
1872;  elected  an  alderman  of  the  city  of  Charleston 
in  November,  1868,  October,  1873,  and  in  1875; 
during  1871-1872  editor  and  proprietor  of  the 
Charleston  Republican ;  member  of  the  state  house 
of  representatives  in  1873;  elected  to  the  Forty- 
fourth  Congress  (March  4,  1881-March  3,  1885); 
elected  a  representative  to  the  state  legislature,  and 
upon  its  assembling  elected  speaker  of  the  house; 
delegate  in  the  Republican  national  convention  in 
Philadelphia  in  1872,  and  in  Chicago  in  1880;  chair- 
man of  the  Republican  state  executive  committee; 
assistant  United  States  attorney  for  South  Carolina 
1878-1881;  unsuccessfully  contested  the  election  of 
Michael  P.  O'Connor  to  the  Forty -sixth  Congress; 
successfully  contested  the  election  of  Michael  P. 
O  'Connor  to  the  Forty-seventh  Congress ;  reelected 
to  the  Forty-eighth  Congress,  and  served  from  May 
31,  1882,  until  his  death,  January,  27,  1884. 

Mackey,  Levi  A.,  a  Representative  from  Penn- 
sylvania; born  in  Whitedeer  township,  Pa.,  Novem- 
ber 25,  1819;  moved  to  Milton,  Pa. ;  was  graduated 
from  Union  college  in  1837;  studied  law  in  Dickin- 
son college,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  com- 
menced practice  in  Lockhaven,  Pa.,  in  1855;  dele- 
gate in  the  Whig  national  convention  of  1852  and 
the  Democratic  national  convention  of  1872; 
mayor  of  Lock  Haven,  Pa.,  in  1870;  elected  as  a 
Democrat  to  the  Forty-fourth  and  Forty-fifth 
Congresses  (March  4,  1875-March  3,  1879). 

Maclay,  Samuel,  a  Representative  and  a  Sena- 
tor from  Pennsylvania;  born  in  Lurgan  township, 
Franklin  county,  Pa.,  June  17,  1741;  completed 


BIOGRAPHIES. 


841 


preparatory  studies;  served  in  the  Revolutionary 
war;  associate  judge  of  Franklin  county  1792-1795; 
elected  to  the  Fourth  Congress  (March  4,  1795- 
MarchS,  1797);  member  of  the  state  senate  1797- 
1802;  and  elected  its  speaker  December  2,  1801, 
and  reelected  December  7,  1802;  elected  to  the 
United  States  Senate,  and  served  from  March  4, 
1803,  until  his  resignation,  January  4,  1809;  died 
in  Union  county,  Pa.,  October  5,  1811. 

Maclay,  William,  a  Senator  from  Pennsylvania; 
born  in  New  Garden,  Pa.,  July  20,  1737;  received 
private  instruction  from  Rev.  John  Blair  in  Big 
Spring,  Pa.;  served  as  a  lieutenant  in  Gen.  John 
Forbes 's  expedition  to  Fort  Duquesne  in  1758,  and 
in  other  expeditions  against  the  Indians;  studied 
law  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar;  became  a  sur- 
veyor in  the  employ  of  the  Penn  family;  prothon- 
otary  and  clerk  of  the  courts  of  Northumberland 
county  in  1772;  served  in  the  Continental  army  as 
a  commissary  in  the  Revolutionary  war;  member 
of  the  provincial  assembly  in  1781 ;  Indian  commis- 
sioner, judge  of  the  court  of  common  pleas,  and 
member  of  the  executive  council;  elected  as  a 
Democrat  to  the  United  States  Senate,  and  served 
from  March  4,  ] 1 789,  to  March  3,  1791 ;  retired  to  his 
farm  in  Dauphin,  Pa. ;  member  of  the  state  legisla- 
ture in  1795;  presidential  elector  on  the  Jefferson 
ticket  in  1796;  county  judge  1801-1803;  again  a 
state  representative  1803-1804 ;  died  in  Harrisburg, 
Pa.,  April  16,  1804. 

Maclay,  William,  a  Representative  from  Penn- 
sylvania; born  in  Lurgan  township,  'Franklin 
county,  Pa.,  March  22,  1765;  studied  law,  was  ad- 
mitted to  the  bar,  and  practiced;  associate  judge; 
county  commissioner;  member  of  the  state  house  of 
representatives  1807-1808;  elected  to  the  Four- 
teenth and  Fifteenth  Congresses  (March  4,  1815- 
March  3  1819);  associate  judge  for  the  Cumberland 
district;  died  in  Franklin  county,  Pa.,  January 
4,  1825. 

Maclay,  William  Brown,  a  Representative 
from  New  York;  born  in  New  York  City,  March  20, 
1812 ;  was  graduated  from  the  University  of  the  City 
of  New  York;  taught  Latin;  studied  law,  was  ad- 
mitted to  the  bar,  and  practiced;  associate  editor  of 
the  New  York  Quarterly  Review  in  1836;  elected 
to  the  state  house  of  representatives  in  1839,  1841, 
and  1842;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Twenty- 
eighth,  Twenty-ninth,  and  Thirtieth  Congresses 
(March  4,  1843-March  3,  1849);  reelected  to  the 
Thirty-fifth  and  Thirty-sixth  Congresses  (March  4, 
1857-March  3, 1861);  died  in  New  York  City,  Feb- 
ruary 19,  1882. 

Maclay,  William  Plunkett,  a  Representative 
from  Pennsylvania;  born  in  Northumberland 
county,  Pa.,  August  23,  1774;  attended  the  com- 
mon schools;  member  of  the  state  house  of  repre- 
sentatives; elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Fourteenth 
Congress,  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  the  resignation 
of  Thomas  Burnside ;  reelected  to  the  Fifteenth  and 
Sixteenth  Congresses  (March  4,  1817-March  3, 
1821);  died  in  Milroy,  Pa.,  September  2,  1842. 

Macon,  Nathaniel,  a  Representative  and  a  Sen- 
ator from  North  Carolina;  born  in  Warren  county, 
N.  C.,  December  17, 1757;  pursued  classical  studies 
and  attended  Princeton  college ;  served  in  the  Rev- 
olutionary war;  member  of  the  state  senate  1780- 
1782  and  1784-1785;  moved  to  a  plantation  on  the 
Roanoke  river;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Second, 
and  to  the  twelve  succeeding  Congresses,  and  served 
from  March  4, 1791,  until  December,  1815,  when  he 


resigned;  served  as  Speaker  of  the  House  of  Repre- 
sentatives 1801-1807;  elected  to  the  United  States 
Senate,  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  the  resignation  of 
David  Stone;  reelected  in  1819  and  1825,  and 
served  from  December  5,  1815,  until  he  resigned 
in  1828;  elected  president  of  the  Senate  pro 
tempore  on  the  seventeenth  ballot  May  20,  1826, 
and  was  again  elected  January  2,  1827,  and  March 
2,  1827,  and  declined  a  reelection  on  May  15,  1828; 
received  twenty-four  electoral  votes  for  vice  presi- 
dent in  1825;  president  of  the  state  constitutional 
convention  of  1835;  presidential  elector  on  the  Dem- 
ocratic ticket  in  1836;  died  in  Warren  county,  N.  C., 
June  29,  1837. 

Macon,  Robert  Bruce,  a  Representative  from 
Arkansas;  born  near  Trenton,  Phillips  county, 
Ark.,  July  6,  1859;  attended  private  and  public 
schools;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in 
1881,  and  practiced  in  Helena,  Ark.;  elected  to  the 
state  legislature  in  1882  and  served  two  terms; 
elected  clerk  of  the  circuit  court  in  1892  and  re- 
elected  in  1894;  elected  prosecuting  attorney  of  the 
first  judicial  circuit  in  1898  and  reelected  in  1900; 
elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Fifty-eighth,  Fifty- 
ninth,  Sixtieth,  and  Sixty-first  Congresses  (March 
4,  1903-March  3, 1911).  Reelected  to  the  Sixty-second 
Congress. 

Macy,  John  B.,  a  Representative  from  Wis- 
consin; born  in  Nan  tucket,  Mass.,  March  26,  1799; 
moved  to  New  York  City  in  1826  and  in  the  same 
year  to  Buffalo,  N.  Y.;  resided  in  Cincinnati,  Ohio, 
1842-1845;  one  of  the  founders  of  Toledo,  Ohio; 
attended  the  common  schools;  moved  to  Fond  du 
Lac,  Wis.,  in  1845;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the 
Thirty-third  Congress  (March  4,  1853-March  3, 
1855);  defeated  for  reelection  to  the  Thirty-fourth 
Congress;  lost  by  the  burning  of  the  steamer  Niagara 
on  Lake  Michigan,  September  24,  1857. 

Madden,  Martin  B.,  a  Representative  from 
Illinois;  born  in  Darlington,  England,  March  20, 
1855;  attended  the  public  schools  and  a  business 
college;  member  of  the  Chicago  city  council  from 
1889  to  1897;  presiding  officer  of  that  body  from 
1891  to  1893;  chairman  of  the  Republican  state 
convention  in  1896;  delegate  in  the  Republican 
national  conventions  of  1896  and  1900;  director  of 
the  Metropolitan  Trust  and  Savings  bank  of  Chi- 
cago; elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Fifty-ninth, 
Sixtieth,  and  Sixty-first  Congresses  (March  4,  1905- 
March  3,  1911.)  Reelected  to  the  Sixty-second  Con- 
gress. 

Madison,  Edmond  Haggard,  a  Representative 
from  Kansas;  born  in  Plymouth,  111.,  December  18, 
1865;  attended  the  common  schools;  taught  school; 
moved  to  Wichita,  Kans.,  in  1885;  studied  law, 
and  was  admitted  to  practice  in  1888;  in  the  same 
year  was  elected  county  attorney  of  Ford  county, 
Kans.,  and  served  two  terms;  appointed  judge  of 
the  thirty-first  judicial  district  of  ^Kansas,  January 
1,  1900,  which  position  he  held  until  September  17, 
1906,  when  he  resigned  to  become  a  candidate  for 
Congress;  was  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Six- 
tieth and  Sixty-first  Congresses  (March  4,  1907- 
March  3,  1911).  Reelected  to  the  Sixty-second  Con- 
gress; died  in  Dodge  City,  Kans.,  September  18, 
1911. 

Maddox,  John  W.,  a  Representative  from  Geor- 
gia; born  in  Chattooga  county,  Ga.,  June  3,  1848; 
attended  the  common  schools;  enlisted  in  the 
Confederate  army  in  the  sixth  Georgia  cavalry,  and 
served  until  the  end  of  the  war;  attended  school 


842 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 


in  Summerville  and  Bethel  Church;  deputy  sheriff 
of  Chattooga  county;  read  law,  was  admitted  to  the 
bar  in  1877,  and  practiced  in  Summerville,  Ga.; 
mayor  of  Summerville,  1877;  elected  county  com- 
missioner January,  1878;  member  of  the  state 
house  of  representatives  1880-1884;  served  in  the 
state  senate  1884-1886 ;  elected  judge  of  the  superior 
court,  Rome  circuit,  in  1886,  and  reelected  in  1890; 
moved  to  Rome,  Ga.,  in  1890;  resigned  the  office 
September  1,  1892;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the 
Fifty- third,  and  to  the  five  succeeding  Congresses 
(March  4,  1893-March  3,  1905);  mayor  of  Rome, 
1906  and  1907 ;  appointed  judge  of  the  state  supreme 
court  in  1908,  and  elected  in  1910  for  four  years; 
resident  of  Rome,  Ga. 

Maffet,  James  Thompson,  a  Representative 
from  Pennsylvania;  born  near  Strattonville,  Pa., 
February  2,  1837;  attended  the  common  schools 
and  college;  went  to  California  in  1859,  where  he 
began  the  study  of  law;  returned  to  Pennsylvania 
in  1870,  completed  his  law  studies  in  1872,  and 
was  admitted  to  the  bar;  Republican  presidential 
elector  in  1880;  had  the  instructions  of  Clarion 
county  for  Congress  in  1884;  elected  as  a  Repub- 
lican to  the  Fiftieth  Congress  (March  4,  1887-March 
3, 1889) ;  resumed  the  practice  of  law  in  Clarion,  Pa. 

Madison,  James,  a  Delegate  and  a  Represen- 
tative from  Virginia;  born  in  Port  Con  way.  King 
George  county,  Va.,  March  16,  1751;  pursued  pre- 
paratory studies  under  private  tutors,  and  was 
graduated  from  Princeton  college  in  1771;  pur- 
sued the  study  of  law  in  Princeton  one  year;  re- 
turned to  Virginia,  continued  law  studies,  and  was 
admitted  to  the  bar;  member  of  the  committee 
of  safety  from  Orange  county  in  1774;  delegate  in 
the  Williamsburg,  Va.,  convention  of  May,  1776; 
member  of  the  first  general  assembly  of  Virginia 
in  1776,  and  was  unanimously  elected  as  a  member 
of  the  executive  council  in  1778;  delegate  in  the 
Continental  Congress  1780-1783,  and  1786-1788; 
prominent  delegate  in  the  Federal  constitutional 
convention  in  Philadelphia,  Pa.,  in  1787;  elected 
as  a  Democrat  to  the  First,  Second,  Third,  and 
Fourth  Congresses  (March  4,  1789-March  3,  1797); 
declined  the  mission  to  France,  tendered  by  Presi- 
dent Washington  in  1794,  as  he  did  the  portfolio 
of  State,  tendered  the  same  year;  again  a  member 
of  the  Virginia  assembly  from  Orange  county  in 
1799;  Jefferson  elector  in  1800;  appointed  by  Presi- 
dent Jefferson  Secretary  of  State  March  5,  1801; 
entered  upon  duties  of  the  office  May  2,  1801,  and 
served  until  March  4,  1809;  elected,  as  a  Repub- 
lican, President  of  the  United  States;  reelected, 
and  served  from  March  4, 1809,  to  March  3, 1817;  re- 
tired to  his  estate,  Montpelier,  Orange  county, 
Va.;  delegate  in  the  Virginia  constitutional  con- 
vention of  1829;  rector  of  the  University  of  Vir- 
ginia; and  visitor  to  the  college  of  William  and 
Mary;  died  in  the  Montpelier  mansion,  Orange 
county,  Va.,  June  28,  1836. 

Magee,  John,  a  Representative  from  New  York; 
born  in  Easton,  Northumberland  county,  Pa., 
September  3,  1794;  attended  the  common  schools; 
served  in  the  war  of  1812;  moved  to  Bath,  Steuben 
county,  N.  Y.,  in  1818,  and  was  elected  constable; 
became  sheriff  of  Steuben  county,  N.  Y..,  in  1821; 
elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Twentieth  and  Twenty- 
first  Congresses  (March  4,  1827-March  3,  1831); 
delegate  in  the  state  constitutional  convention  of 
1867;  died  in  Watkins,  N.  Y.,  April  5,  1868. 

Magee,  John  Alexander,  a  Representative 
frotn  Pennsylvania;  born  in  Landisburg,  Perry 


county,  Pa.,  October  14,  1827;  attended  the  com- 
mon schools;  engaged  in  printing,  and  for  a  number 
of  years  published  the  Perry  County  Democrat; 
member  of  the  state  legislature  in  1863;  delegate 
in  the  Democratic  national  convention  of  1868; 
elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Forty-third  Congress 
(March  4,  1873-March  3,  1875);  delegate  in  the 
Democratic  national  conventions  of  1876  and  1896; 
died  in  New  Bloomfield,  Pa.,  November  18,  190°>. 

Maginnis,  Martin,  a  Delegate  from  Montana; 
born  in  Wayne  county,  N.  Y.,  October  27,  1840; 
moved  with  his  parents  to  Minnesota;  pursued  an 
academic  course;  attended  Hamline  university, 
but  left  to  take  charge  of  a  Democratic  newspaper; 
enlisted  as  a  private  in  the  first  Minnesota  volunteer 
infantry  April  18,  1861;  made  second  lieutenant 
after  the  first  battle  of  Bull  Run,  promoted  to  first 
lieutenant  in  September,  1862,  and  to  captain  in 
July,  1863;  served  in  the  line  of  his  regiment  in  all 
the  campaigns  and  nearly  all  the  battles  of  the 
army  of  the  Potomac  until  September,  1864,  when 
appointed  major  of  the  eleventh  Minnesota  volun- 
teers and  ordered  to  join  the  army  of  the  Cumber- 
land, where  he  served  under  command  of  Gen- 
eral Thomas  until  mustered  out  with  his  regiment 
in  July,  1865;  moved  to  Montana  the  next  year; 
engaged  in  mining  and  subsequently  in  publishing 
and  editing  the  Helena  Daily  Gazette;  elected  as 
a  Democrat  to  the  Forty-third  and  to  the  five 
succeeding  Congresses  (March  4,  1873-March  3, 
1885);  unsuccessful  Democratic  candidate  for  Rep- 
resentative in  the  Fifty -first  Congress;  state  com- 
missioner of  mineral  land  and  president  of  the 
board  of  managers  of  the  Montana  soldiers  home. 

Magner,  Thomas  Francis,  a  Representative 
from  New  York;  born  in  Brooklyn,  N.  Y.,  March  8, 
1860;  attended  the  public  schools;  was  gmduated 
from  St.  Xavier  college  in  1880  and  from  Columbia 
college  in  1882;  taught  in  a  public  school  in  Brook- 
lyn; studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and 
practiced  from  1883;  member  of  the  New  York 
assembly  1888;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Fifty- 
first,  Fifty-second,  and  Fifty-third  Congresses 
(March  4,  1889-March  3,  1895);  resumed  the  prac- 
tice of  law  in  Brooklyn,  N.  Y. 

Magoon,  Henry  Sterling,  a  Representative 
from  Wisconsin;  born  in  Monticello,  Wis.,  January 
31, 1832;  attended  the  Rock  River  seminary,  Mount 
Morris,  111.;  was  graduated  from  the  Western  mili- 
tary college  in  Drennon,  Ky.,  in  1853;  studied  law 
in  the  Montrose  law  school,  Frankfort,  Ky.,  was 
admitted  to  the  bar,  and  practiced;  professor  of 
ancient  languages  in  Nashville  university  1855- 
1857 ;  returned  to  Wisconsin  to  practice  law;  elected 
district  attorney  in  1858;  member  of  the  state 
senate  1871-1872;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the 
Forty-fourth  Congress  (March  4,  1875-March  3, 
1877);  first  native  of  Wisconsin  to  serve  in  the  state 
senate  or  in  the  National  House  of  Representatives; 
died  in  Darlington,  Wis.,  March  3,  1889. 

Magruder,  Allan  Bowie,  a  Senator  from 
Louisiana;  born  in  Kentucky  in  1775;  pursued  an 
academic  course;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the 
bar  in  1796,  and  practiced  in  Lexington,  Ky.; 
moved  to  Louisiana  and  practiced;  member  of  the 
state  house  of  representatives;  elected  as  a  Demo- 
crat to  the  United  States  Senate,  and  served  from 
September  3,  1812,  to  March  3, 1813;  died  in  Ope- 
lousas,  La.,  April  16,  1822. 

Magruder,  Patrick,  a  Representative  from 
Maryland;  born  in  Montgomery  county.  Md.,  in 


BIOGRAPHIES. 


843 


1768;  was  graduated  from  Princeton  college;  studied 
law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  practiced;  elected 
to  the  Ninth  Congress  (March  4,  1805-March  3, 
1807);  clerk  of  the  National  House  of  Representa- 
tives and  Librarian  of  Congress  1807-1815;  died  in 
Petersburg,  Va.,  December  24,  1819. 

Maguire,  James  George,  a  Representative 
from  California;  born  in  Boston,  Mass.,  February 
22,  1853;  moved  with  his  parents  to  California  in 
April,  1854;  attended  the  public  schools  of  Watson- 
ville,  Santa  Cruz  county,  Cal.,  and  the  private 
academy  of  Joseph  K.  Fallen,  in.  Watson ville; 
elected  to  the  legislature  of  California  in  1875,  and 
served  two  years;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  by  the 
supreme  court  of  California  in  January,  1878; 
elected  judge  of  the  superior  court  of  the  city  and 
county  of  San  Francisco  in  1882,  and  served  six 
years;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Fifty-third, 
Fifty-fourth,  and  Fifty-fifth  Congresses  (March  4, 
1893-March  3,  1899);  unsuccessful  candidate  for 
governor  in  1898;  resumed  the  practice  of  law  in 
San  Francisco,  Cal. 

Maguire,  John  Arthur,  a  Representative  from 
Nebraska;  born  in  Jo  Daviess  county,  111.,  Novem- 
ber 29, 1872;  moved  with  his  parents  to  Plankiriton, 
S.  Dak. ;  attended  the  district  school;  taught  in  dis- 
trict and  city  schools;  attended  the  agricultural 
college  of  South  Dakota;  was  graduated  from  the 
Iowa  college  of  agricultural  and  mechanic  arts,  and 
from  the  law  department  of  the  University  of 
Nebraska  in  1899;  deputy  treasurer  of  Lancaster 
county  1899-1901;  was  admitted  to  thj  bar  and 
commenced  practice  in  Lincoln,  Nebr.,  in  1902; 
delegate  in  the  Democratic  national  convention  in 
St.  Louis  in  1904;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the 
Sixty-first  Congress  (March  4,  1909-March  3,  1911). 
Reclected  to  the  Sixty-second  Congress. 

Mahall,  Samuel,  a  Representative  from  Maine 
born  in  North  Gray,  Me.,  June  21,  1816;  attended 
the  public  schools;  located  in  Gray;  member  of  the 
state  house  of  representatives  in  1845  and  1847-1848 ; 
elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Thirty-third  Congress 
(March  4,  1853-March  3,  1855);  died  in  St.  Paul, 
Minn.,  September  17,  1892. 

Mahany,  Rowland  Blennerhassett,  a  Repre- 
sentative from  New  York;  born  in  Buffalo,  N.  Y., 
September  28,  1864;  attended  the  public  schools 
and  was  graduated  from  the  high  school  in  1881 
and  from  Harvard  college  in  1888;  appointed  secre- 
tary of  legation  to  Chile  1890;  accredited  envoy 
extraordinary  and  minister  plenipotentiary  to 
Ecuador  1892;  unsuccessful  candidate  for  Repre- 
sentative to  the  Fifty-third  Congress  in  1892;  re- 
turned to  Ecuador  in  1893  and  concluded  the 
Santos  treaty,  negotiations  for  which  had  remained 
unsettled  for  nearly  ten  years;  elected  as  a  Demo- 
crat to  the  Fifty-fourth  and  Fifty-fifth  Congresses 
(March  4, 1895-March  3,  1899);  was  admitted  to  the 
bar  in  1899,  and  engaged  in  practice  in  Buffalo, 
N.  Y. 

Mahon,  Thaddeus  Maclay,  a  Representative 
from  Pennsylvania;  born  in  Green  village,  Franklin 
county,  Pa.,  May  21,  1840;  pursued  an  academic 
course;  enlisted  as  a  private  in  company  A,  one 
hundred  and  twenty-sixth  Pennsylvania  volun- 
teers, in  August,  1862;  after  term  of  service  in  this 
regiment,  reenlisted  as  a  veteran  in  January,  1864, 
in  twenty-first  Pennsylvania  cavalry;  served  until 
September,  1865;  participated  in  many  of  the 
engagements  with  the  army  of  the  Potomac,  fifth 
corps;  seriously  wounded  at  Boydton  Plank  Road, 


Virginia,  on  November  4,  1864;  read  law,  and 
was  admitted  to  practice  in  1871;  commenced  prac- 
tice in  southern  Pennsylvania;  member  of  Penn- 
sylvania legislature  in  1870  and  1871;  president  of 
Baltimore  &  Cumberland  Valley  railroad;  member 
of  the  commission  having  charge  of  the  soldiers' 
orphan  schools  of  Pennsylvania;  unsuccessful  can- 
didate for  election  to  the  Forty-fourth  Congress; 
elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Fifty-third,  and  to 
the  six  succeeding  Congresses  (March  4,  1893- 
March  3,  1907);  engaged  in  business  in  Chambers- 
burg,  Pa. 

Mahone,  William,  a  Senator  from  Virginia; 
born  in  Southampton  county,  Va.,  December  1, 
1826;  was  graduated  from  the  Virginia  military  in- 
stitute in  1847;  became  a  civil  engineer  and  con- 
structor of  the  Norfolk  &  Petersburg  railroad;  par- 
ticipated in  the  secession  movement  in  1861,  and 
took  part  in  the  capture  of  the  Norfolk  navy  yard; 
raised  and  commanded  the  sixth  Virginia  regiment, 
and  was  with  it  in  most  of  the  battles  of  the  penin- 
sular campaign,  those  on  the  Rappahannock,  and 
those  around  Petersburg;  made  both  brigadier- 
general  and  major-general  in  1864,  and  afterwards 
commanded  a  corps  in  Hill's  division;  at  the  close  of 
the  war  returned  to  railroad  engineering,  and  in  a 
few  years  became  president  of  a  trunk  line  from 
Norfolk  into  Tennessee;  elected  to  the  United 
States  Senate  as  a  readjuster,  and  served  from 
March  4,  1881,  until  March  3,  1887;  died  in  Wash- 
ington, D.  C.,  Octobers,  1895. 

Mahoney,  Peter  Paul,  a  Representaive  from 
New  York;  born  in  New  York  city,  June  25,  1849; 
attended  the  common  schools  of  New  York  city; 
engaged  in  the  dry  goods  business  for  several  years; 
elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Forty-ninth  and 
Fiftieth  Congresses  (March  4,  1885-March  3,  1889); 
died  in  Washington,  D.  C.,  March  27,  1889. 

Mahoney,  William  Frank,  a  Representative 
from  Illinois;  born  in  Chicago,  111.,  February  22, 
1836;  attended  the  public  schools;  engaged  in  the 
wholesale  trade;  served  twelve  years  in  the  Chicago 
common  council;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the 
Fifty-seventh  and  Fifty-eighth  Congresses  and 
served  from  March  4,  1901  until  his  death  in  Chi- 
cago, 111.,  December  27,  1904. 

Majors,  Thomas  Jefferson,  a  Representative 
from  Nebraska;  born  in  Liberty  ville,  Jefferson 
county,  Iowa,  June  25,  1841;  attended  the  common 
and  select  schools  of  Libertyville  and  the  Nebraska 
state  normal  school;  went  to  Nebraska  in  1860; 
engaged  in  mercantile  pursuits  before  and  after  the 
war;  entered  the  Union  army  in  June,  1861,  as  first 
lieutenant  company  C,  first  Nebraska  infantry,  and 
served  successively  as  captain,  major,  and  lieuten- 
ant-colonel of  that  regiment;  mustered  out  June  15, 
1866;  member  of  the  last  territorial  council  of 
Nebraska;  member  of  the  first  state  senate;  re- 
elected  and  served  until  appointed  assessor  of 
internal  revenue  for  the  district  of  Nebraska  in 
1869,  which  office  he  held  until  the  office  of  col- 
lector and  assessor  was  merged  into  one;  twice 
elected  governor  of  Nebraska;  elected  as  a  Repub- 
lican to  the  Forty-fifth  Congress,  to  fill  vacancy 
caused  by  the  death  of  Frank  Welch;  reelected  a 
contingent  (or  additional)  Member  of  the  Forty- 
sixth  Congress,  and  served  from  December  2,  1878, 
until  March  3,  1881. 

Malbone,  Francis,  a  Representative  and  a  Sen- 
ator from  Rhode  Island;  born  in  Newport,  R.  I., 
in  1757;  received  a  limited  schooling,  and  became 


844 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 


a  merchant  and  trader  in  Newport;  colonel  of  the 
Newport  artillery  1792-1809 ;  member  of  the  general 
assembly  of  Rhode  Island ;  elected  as  a  Federalist 
to  the  Third  and  Fourth  Congresses  (March  4, 
1793-March  3,  1797);  elected  to  the  United  States 
Senate  and  served  from  March  4,  1809,  until  his 
death  on  the  steps  of  the  Capitol  in  Washington, 
D.  C.,  June  4,  1809. 

Malby,  George  R.,  a  Representative  from  New 
York;  born  in  Canton,  St.  Lawrence  county,  N.  Y., 
September  16,  1857;  attended  Canton  union  school 
and  St.  Lawrence  university;  studied  law  and 
was  admitted  to  the  bar;  elected  to  the  New  York 
state  assembly  in  1890  and  served  in  that  body 
continuously  for  five  years;  elected  leader  of  his 
party  in  1893,  and  served  as  speaker  in  1894; 
elected  to  the  New  York  state  senate  in  1895  and 
served  continuously  in  that  body  until  January, 
1907;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Sixtieth  and 
Sixty-first  Congresses  (March  4,  1907-March  3, 
1911).  Reelected  to  the  Sixty-second  Congress. 

Mallary,  Rollin  Carolas,  a  Representative 
from  Vermont;  born  in  Cheshire,  Conn.,  May  27, 
1784;  was  graduated  from  Middlebury  college  in 
1805;  moved  to  Poultney,  Yt.;  studied  law,  was 
admitted  to  the  bar  and  practiced  in  Castleton, 
Vt. ;  successfully  contested  the  election  of  Orasmus 
C.  Merrill  to  the  Sixteenth  Congress;  reelected  to 
Seventeenth  and  to  the  four  succeeding  Congresses 
and  seved  from  January  14,  1820  to  March  3,  1831; 
died  in  Baltimore,  Md.,  April  16,  1831. 

Mallory,  Francis,  a  Representative  from  Vir- 
ginia; born  near  Hampton,  Elizabeth  City  county, 
Va.,  December  12,  1807;  attended  the  common 
schools;  located  in  Hampton;  was  appointed  mid- 
shipman in  the  United  States  navy  in  1822;  re- 
signed in  1826;  studied  law,  and  medicine  and 
was  graduated  from  the  medical  department  of  the 
University  of  Pennsylvania,  in  1830,  and  prac- 
ticed in  Norfolk,  Va.;  abandoned  practice  of  medi- 
cine and  devoted  himself  to  agricultural  pursuits 
in  Elizabeth  City  county,  Va.;  elected  as  a  Whig 
to  the  Twenty-fifth,  Twenty-sixth,  and  Twenty- 
seventh  Congresses  (March  4,  1837-March  3,  1843); 
appointed  navy  agent  at  Norfolk,  November  1, 
1850;  president  of  Norfolk  &  Petersburg  railroad 
company  1853-1859;  died  in  Norfolk,  Va.,  March 
26,  1860. 

Mallory,  Meredith,  a  Representative  from 
New  York;  native  of  Connecticut;  attended  the 
common  schools;  moved  to  Mammondsport,  N.  Y., 
held  several  local  offices;  and  served  as  justice  of 
the  peace  in  1838;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the 
Twenty-sixth  Congress  (March  4,  1839-March  3, 
1841). 

Mallory,  Robert,  a  Representative  from  Ken- 
tucky; born  in  Madison  county,  Va.,  November  15, 
1815;  was  graduated  from  the  University  of  Vir- 
ginia in  1827 ;  engaged  in  farming  in  La  Grange,  Ky . ; 
elected  as  a  Union  Democrat  to  the  Thirty -sixth, 
Thirty-seventh,  and  Thirty-eighth  Congresses 
(March  4,  1859-March  3,  1865);  unsuccessful  candi- 
date for  reelection  to  the  Thirty-ninth  Congress; 
delegate  in  the  Union  national  convention  in 
Philadelphia  in  1866;  one  of  the  vice  presidents  of 
the  Centennial  exhibition  in  1876;  died  near  New 
La  Grange,  Oldham  county,  Ky.,  August  11,  1885. 

Mallory,  Rufus,  a  Representative  from  Oregon; 
born  in  Coventry,  N.  Y.,  January  10,  1831;  pur- 
sued an  academic  course;  mov.ed  to  Iowa  in  1855; 


thence  to  Oregon  in!858 ;  studied  law,  was  admitted 
to  the  bar,  and  commenced  practice  in  Salem  in 
1860;  district  attorney  of  the  first  judicial  district 
in  1860,  and  of  the  third  district  1862-1866;  mem- 
ber of  the  state  house  of  representatives  in  1862; 
elected  as  a  Union  Republican  to  the  Fortieth  Con- 
gress (March  4,  1867-March  3,  1869). 

Mallory,  Stephen  Russell,  a  Senator  from 
Florida;  born  in  Trinidad,  West  Indies,  in  1813; 
located  in  Key  West,  Fla.,  in  1821;  attended  schools 
in  Connecticut  and  New  York;  studied  law,  was 
admitted  to  the  bar,  and  practiced  in  Key  West; 
appointed  by  President  Jackson  customs  inspector 
at  Key  West;  county  judge  of  Monroe  county 
1837-1845;  appointed  collector  of  the  port  of  Key 
West  in  1845;  served  in  the  Seminole  war;  elected 
as  a  Democrat  to  the  United  States  Senate;  was 
reelected,  and  served  from  March  4,  1851,  until  his 
retirement  January  21,  1861;  secretary  of  the  navy 
of  the  confederacy;  at  the  close  of  the  Civil  war 
went  to  La  Grange,  Ga.,  where  he  was  arrested  and 
imprisoned  for  treason,  but  released  in  1867;  moved 
to  Pensacola,  Fla.,  and  engaged  in  the  practice  of 
law;  died  in  Pensacola,  Fla.,  November  9,  1873. 

Mallory,  Stephen  Russell,  a  Representative 
and  a  Senator  from  Florida;  born  in  Columbia, 
S.  C.,  November  2,  1848;  entered  Confederate  army 
in  Virginia  in  the  fall  of  1864;  appointed  midship- 
man in  Confederate  navy  in  the  spring  of  1865,  and 
served  until  the  end  of  the  war;  was  graduated 
from  Georgetown  college,  District  of  Columbia,  in 
1869;  instructor  in  Latin  and  Greek  in  Georgetown 
college  until  July,  1871;  studied  law  and  was  ad- 
mitted to  the  bar  by  the  supreme  court  of  Louisiana 
in  1872;  commenced  practice  in  New  Orleans; 
moved  to  Pensacola,  Fla.,  in  1874  and  practiced 
law;  elected  to  state  house  of  representatives  in 
1876;  member  of  the  state  senate  in  1880,  and  re- 
elected  in  1884;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Fifty- 
second  and  Fifty-third  Congresses  (March  4,  1891- 
March  3,  1895);  elected  to  the  United  States  Senate 
in  1896;  reelected  in  1903,  and  served  from  March  4, 
1897,  until  his  death  in  Pensacola,  Fla.,  December 
23,  1907. 

Malsh,  Levi,  a  Representative  from  Pennsyl- 
vania; born  in  Conewago  township,  York  county, 
Pa.,  November  22,  1837;  attended  the  common 
schools  and  the  York  county  academy;  recruited  a 
company  for  the  Union  army  in  1862,  and  with  it 
joined  the  one  hundred  and  thirtieth  Pennsylvania 
infantry ;  promoted  to  lieutenant-colonel ;  wounded 
at  the  battle  of  Antietam;  prompted  colonel  after 
the  battle  of  Fredericksburg;  again  wounded  while 
leading  his  regiment  at  the  battle  of  Chancellors- 
ville;  after  having  been  mustered  out  with  his 
regiment  at  the  expiration  of  its  term  of  service, 
attended  lectures  in  the  law  department  of  the 
University  of  Pennsylvania,  and  was  admitted  to 
the  bar  in  1864;  member  of  the  state  house  of  repre- 
sentatives in  1867  and  1868;  appointed  by  the 
legislature  in  1872  one  of  a  commission  to  reexam- 
ine  and  reaudit  the  accounts  of  certain  public 
officers  of  York  county;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to 
the  Forty-fourth  and  Forty-fifth  Congresses  (March 
4,  1875-March  3,  1879),  reelected  to  the  Fiftieth 
and  Fifty-first  Congresses  (March  4,  1887-March  3, 
1891);  located  in  Washington,  D.  C.,  and  engaged 
in  the  practice  of  law;  died  in  Washington,  D.  C., 
February  26,  1899. 

Manderson,  Charles  Frederick,  a  Senator 
from  Nebraska;  born  in  Philadelphia,  Pa.,  Febru- 
ary 9,  1837;  attended  the  schools  and  academies 


BIOGRAPHIES. 


of  his  native  city;  moved  to  Canton,  Ohio,  in  1856, 
where  he  studied  law,  and  waa  admitted  to  the  bar 
and  practiced  1859-1861 ;  city  solicitor  in  1860,  and 
in  April,  1861,  entered  the  army  as  first  lieutenant, 
company  A,  nineteenth  regiment  Ohio  infantry; 
participated  in  the  campaign  under  General  Mc- 
Clellan  in  West  Virginia  in  the  summer  of  1861, 
and  afterwards  in  the  campaigns  of  the  Army  of  the 
Cumberland;  rose  through  the  grades  of  captain, 
major,  lieutenant  colonel,  and  colonel  of  the  nine- 
teenth Ohio  infantry;  was  in  command  of  the  regi- 
ment from  the  date  of  the  battle  of  Shiloh;  re- 
signed in  April,  1865;  bre vetted  brigadier  general 
of  volunteers,  U.  S.  Army,  in  March,  1865,  "for 
gallant,  long-continued,  and  meritorious  service"; 
resumed  the  practice  of  law  in  Canton,  Ohio;  twice 
elected  attorney  of  Stark  county,  and  served  until 
November,  1869,  when  he  moved  to  Omaha,  Nebr., 
and  practiced  law;  city  attorney  for  Omaha  for  six 
years,  and  in  1871  and  again  in  1874  elected  by  both 
political  parties  as  a  member  of  the  state  constitu- 
tional conventions;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the 
United  States  Senate;  reelected  in  1888,  and  served 
from  March  4, 1883,  to  March  3, 1895;  elected  presi- 
dent pro  tern  pore  of  the  Senate  March  2,  1891;  re- 
signed the  position  March  22,  1893;  resumed  the 
practice  of  law  in  Omaha,  Nebr. ;  general  solicitor 
of  the  Burlington  system  of  railroads  west  of  the 
Missouri  river;  vice  president  of  the  American  bar 
association  in  1899,  president  in  1900;  died  on 
board  steamship  Cednc  in  the  harbor  of  Liverpool, 
England,  September  28,  1911 ;  interment  in  Forest 
Lawn  cemetery,  Omaha,  Nebr. 

Mangum,  Willie  Person,  a  Representative  and 
a  Senator  from  North  Carolina;  born  in  Orange 
county,  N.  C.,  May  10,  1792;  was  graduated  from 
the  University  of  North  Carolina  in  1815;  studied 
law  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1817,  and  com- 
menced practice  in  Red  Mountain;  member  of  the 
state  house  of  representatives  in  1818;  twice  elected 
a  superior  court  judge;  elected  as  a  Whig  to  the 
Eighteenth  and  Nineteenth  Congresses  and  served 
from  March  4,  1823  until  March  18,  1826,  when  he 
resigned;  presidential  elector,  1829,  on  the  Jackson 
ticket;  elected  to  the  United  States  Senate,  and 
served  from  March  4,  1831,  until  his- resignation 
in  1836;  again  elected  to  the  United  States  Senate 
to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  the  resignation  of  Bed- 
ford Brown;  was  twice  reelected,  and  served  from 
December  9,  1840,  to  March  3,  1853;  president  of 
the  Senate  pro  tempore  May  31,  1842-March  4, 
1845;  died  in  Red  Mountain,  N.  C.,  September 
14,  1861. 

Mann,  Abijah,  jr.,  a  Representative  from  New 
York;  born  in  Fairfield,  Herkimer  county,  N.  Y., 
September  24,  1793;  attended  the  common  schools; 
engaged  in  mercantile  pursuits;  justice  of  the  peace 
and  postmaster;  elected  to  the  state  house  of  rep- 
resentatives 1827-1830  and  1837;  elected  as  a  Demo- 
crat to  the  Twenty-third  and  Twenty-fourth  Con- 
gresses (March  4,  1833-March  3,  1837);  moved  to 
New  York  City;  unsuccessful  candidate  for  attor- 
ney general  of  New  York  in  1855;  delegate  in  the 
Republican  state  convention  of  1856;  unsuccessful 
candidate  for  state  senator  in  1857;  died  in  Auburn, 
N.  Y.,  September  6,  1868. 

Mann,  Horace,  a  Representative  from  Massa- 
chusetts; born  in  Franklin,  Mass.,  May  4,  1796; 
was  graduated  from  Brown  university  in  1819; 
tutored  there  1819-1821;  studied  law  in  Litchfield, 
Conn.,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced 
practice  in  Dedham,  Mass.,  in  1826;  member  of  the 
state  house  of  representatives  1828-1831;  commis- 


sioner for  the  revision  of  the  Massachusetts  statutes 
in  1835;  moved  to  Boston  in  1836;  president  of  the 
state  senate  1836-1838;  secretary  of  the  state  board 
of  education  1837-1848;  elected  as  a  Whig  to  the 
Thirtieth  Congress,  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  the 
death  of  John  Qunicy  Adams;  reelected  to  the 
Thirty-first  and  Thirty-second  Congresses  as  a  Free 
Soiler,  and  served  from  April  13,  1848,  to  March  3, 
1853;  unsuccessful  candidate  for  governor  in  1852; 
president  of  Antioch  college,  Ohio,  1853,  until  his 
death,  in  Yellow  Springs,  Ohio,  August  2,  1859; 
interment  in  Providence,  R.  I. 

Mann,  James,  a  Representative  from  Louisiana; 
born  in  Gorham,  Me.,  June  22, 1822;  member  of  the 
state  senate;  county  treasurer;  customhouse  officer 
in  Portland;  served  in  the  Union  army;  appointed 
by  President  Lincoln  Treasury  agent  for  Louisiana; 
elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Fortieth  Congress,  and 
served  from  July  18,  1868,  until  his  death  in  New 
Orleans,  La.,  August  26,  1868. 

Mann,  James  Robert,  a  Representative  from 
Illinois;  born  in  McLean  county,  111.,  October  20, 
1856;  attended  the  public  schools;  wae  graduated 
from  the  University  of  Illinois  in  1876  and  from  the 
Union  College  of  Law  of  Chicago,  and  was  ad- 
mitted to  the  bar  in  1881;  member  of  the  Oakland 
board  of  education  in  Chicago;  attorney  for  Hyde 
Park  and  the  South  Park  commissioners  of  Chicago; 
secretary  of  the  citizens'  association  which  secured 
the  adoption  of  Jackson  Park  as  the  site  for  the 
World's  Fair;  master  in  chancery  of  the  superior 
court  of  Cook  county;  member  of  the  city  council  of 
Chicago  1892-1896;  author  of  the  low-level  sewer 
system  for  Chicago;  chairman  of  the  Illinois  state 
Republican  convention  of  1894,  and  chairman  of 
the  Republican  county  conventions  in  Chicago  in 
1895  and  1902;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the 
Fifty-fifth,  and  to  the  six -succeed  ing  Congresses 
(March  4,  1897-March  3,  1911).  Reelected  to  the 
Sixty-second  Congress. 

Mann,  Job,  a  Representative  from  Pennsyl- 
vania; born  in  Bedford  county,  Pa.,  March  jJl, 
1795;  attended  the  common  schools;  clerk  to  the 
board  of  county  commissioners  in  181 6 ;  was  register, 
recorder,  and  clerk  of  Bedford  county  1818-1835; 
elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Twenty-fourth  Con- 
gress (March  4,  1835-March  3,  1837);  unsuccessful 
candidate  for  reelection  to  the  Twenty-fifth  Con- 
gress; was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1839,  and  com- 
menced practice  in  Bedford,  Pa.;  treasurer  of 
Pennsylvania;  reelected  to  the  Thirtieth  and 
Thirty-first  Congresses  (March  4,  1847-March  3, 
1851);  died  in  Bedford,  Pa. 

Mann,  Joel  Keith,  a  Representative  from 
Pennsylvania;  born  in  Upper  Dublin  August  1, 
1781;  attended  the  common  schools;  located  in 
Jenkintown;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Twenty- 
second  and  Twenty-third  Congresses  (March  4, 
1831-March  3,  1835);  died  in  Cheltenham,  Pa., 
August  28,  1857. 

Manning,  James,  a  Delegate  from  Rhode 
Island;  born  in  Elizabeth,  N.  J.,  October  22,  1738; 
attended  Hopewell  academy  and  was  graduated 
from  Princeton  college  in  1762;  studied  theology 
and  became  a  Baptist  preacher;  moved  to  Warren, 
R.  I.,  in  1764,  and  took  charge  of  the  Rhode  Island 
college;  moved  to  Providence  with  the  college  in 
May,  1770;  Delegate  from  Rhode  Island  in  the  Con- 
tinental Congress  1785-1786;  pastor  of  the  First 
Baptist  church  of  Providence  1770  until  his  resig- 
nation, April,  1791;  also  resigned  the  college  presi- 


846 


CONGRESSIONAL   DIRECTORY. 


dency  in  1791;  died  in  Providence,  R.  I.,  July 
29,  1791. 

Manning,  John,  jr.,  a  Representative  from 
North  Carolina;  born  in  Edenton,  N.  C.,  July  3, 
1830;  attended  Edenton  Academy,  the  Norfolk 
military  academy,  and  was  graduated  from  the 
University  of  North  Carolina  in  1850;  studied  law, 
and  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1853,  and  com- 
menced practice  in  Pittsboro,  N.  C.,  in  1853;  dele- 
gate in  the  constitutional  convention  of  1861;  en- 
listed in  the  Chatham  rifles  in  1861;  was  made  first 
lieutenant,  and  became  adjutant  of  the  fifteenth 
North  Carolina  volunteers;  elected  as  a  Democrat 
to  the  Forty-first  Congress,  to  fill  vacancy  caused 
by  the  resignation  of  John  T.  Deweese,  and  served 
from  December  7, 1870,  to  March  3, 1871;  chairman 
of  Democratic  caucus  of  state  constitutional  con- 
vention of  1875;  elected  to  North  Carolina  state  leg- 
islature 1881 ;  commissioner  to  codify  the  laws  of  the 
state  in  1881 ;  professor  of  law,  University  of  North 
Carolina,  1881 ;  dean  of  law  school  and  member  of 
board  of  trustees,  University  of  North  Carolina; 
died  in  Chapel  Hill,  N.  C.,  February  12,  1899. 

Manning,  Richard  Irvine,  a  Representative 
from  South  Carolina;  born  in  Sumter  district,  S.  C., 
May  1,  1789;  was  graduated  from  South  Carolina 
college,  Columbia,  in  1811;  served  as  captain  of 
volunteers  in  the  War  of  1812;  member  of  the  state 
house  of  representatives  1822;  governor  of  South 
Carolina  1824-1826;  unsuccessful  candidate  for 
Representative  in  the  Twentieth  Congress,  1826; 
elected  to  the  state  senate;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to 
the  Twenty-third  Congress,  to  fill  vacancy  caused 
by  the  death  of  James  Blair;  reelected  to  the 
Twenty-fourth  Congress,  and  served  from  Decem- 
ber 8,  1834,  until  his  death  in  Philadelphia,  Pa., 
May  1,  1836. 

Manning,  Van  Hartnog,  a  Representative 
from  Mississippi;  born  in  Edgecomb  county,  N.  C., 
July  26,  1839;  moved  to  Mississippi  in  1841;  pur- 
sued classical  studies  in  Horn  Lake  male  academy, 
De  Soto  county,  Miss.,  and  the  University  of  Nash- 
ville; moved  to  Arkansas  in  1860;  studied  law  and 
was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1861;  served  in  the  Con- 
federate army  as  "captain,  and  subsequently  as 
colonel,  of  the  third  Arkansas  infantry  and  second 
Arkansas  battalion;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the 
Forty -fifth,  Forty-sixth,  and  Forty-seventh  Con- 
gresses (March  4,  1877-March  3,  1883);  resumed  the 
practice  of  law  in  Washington,  D.  C.,  in  1883;  died 
in  Broadville,  Md.,  November  3,  1892. 

Manson,  Mahlon  Dickerson,  a  Representative 
from  Indiana;  born  in  Piqua,  Ohio,  February  20, 
1820;  attended  the  common  schools;  became  a 
druggist  in  Crawfordsville,  Ind.;  member  of  the 
state  house  of  representatives  1851-1852;  served  as 
captain  of  volunteers  in  the  Mexican  war,  October 
8,  1847-July  28, 1848;  served  in  the  Civil  war;  com- 
missioned captain  of  the  tenth  Indiana  infantry 
April  17,  1861;  major  April  25,  1861;  colonel  May 
10,  1861;  honorably  mustered  out  August  6,  1861; 
recommissioned  colonel  of  the  same  regiment 
September  18,  1861;  brigadier  general  of  volun- 
teers March  24,  1862;  resigned  December  21,  1864; 
unsuccessful  Democratic  candidate  for  lieutenant 
governor  of  Indiana  in  1864;  elected  as  a  Democrat 
to  the  Forty-second  Congress  (March  4,  1871- 
March  3,  1873);  unsuccessful  candidate  for  reelec- 
tion to  the  Forty-third  Congress;  died  in  Crawfords- 
ville, Ind.,  February  4,  1895. 

Mansur,  Charles  Harvey,  a  Representative 
from  Missouri;  born  in  Philadelphia,  Pa.,  March  6, 


1835;  attended  Lawrence  academy,  Groton,  Mass.; 
studied  law,  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  Rich- 
mond, Mo.,  August  30,  1856;  moved  to  Chillicothe 
in  1856  and  practiced  law;  member  of  the  board  of 
education  of  Chillicothe  for  eight  years;  member  of 
the  Democratic  state  central  committee  1864-1868; 
delegate  to  the  Democratic  national  convention  in 
New  York  in  1868;  prosecuting  attorney  of  Living- 
ston county  1875-1879;  delegate  at  large  in  the 
Democratic  national  convention  in  Chicago  in  1884 ; 
joint  nominee  for  Congress  of  the  Democracy  and 
Liberal  Republicans  in  1872,  and  again  the  nominee 
of  the  Democracy  in  the  same  district  in  1880; 
elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Fiftieth,  Fifty-first, 
and  Fifty-second  Congresses  (March  4,  1887-March 
3,  1893);  appointed  by  President  Cleveland  second 
comptroller  of  the  currency;  died  in  Washington, 
D.  C.,  April  16,  1895. 

Mantle,  Lee,  a  Senator  from  Montana;  born  in 
Birmingham,  England,  December  13,  1851;  came 
to  the  United  States  and  located  in  Utah  Territory 
in  1864,  moved  to  Idaho,  and  in  1872  moved  to 
Butte,  Mont. ;  learned  telegraphy  and  entered  the 
employ  of  the  Western  Union  telegraph  company; 
moved  to  Butte,  Mont.,  and  entered  the  employ  of 
the  Wells-Fargo  express  company  as  agent;  in  1881 
established  a  daily  newspaper,  known  as  the  Inter 
Mountain;  alderman  and  mayor  of  Butte;  three 
times  elected  to  the  territorial  legislature  of  Mon- 
tana, and  served  as  speaker;  delegate  in  the  Repub- 
lican national  convention  of  1884;  appointed  to  the 
United  States  Senate,  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  the 
failure  of  the  legislature  to  elect  but  was  refused  a 
seat;  elected  by  the  legislature  to  fill  the  vacancy, 
and  served  from  January  16, 1895,  to  March  3, 1899. 

Manzanares,  Francisco  A.,  a  Delegate  from 
New  Mexico;  born  in  Abiquiu,  N.  Mex.,  January 
25, 1843 ;  early  training  was  in  Spanish;  commenced 
the  study  of  the  English  language,  and  in  1863- 
1864  attended  the  St.  Louis  University,  in  St. 
Louis,  Mo.;  engaged  in  mercantile  pursuits  from 
1866;  successfully  contested  as  a  Democrat  the 
election  of  Tranquil  ino  Luna  to  the  Forty-eighth 
Congress,  and  served  from  March  5,  1884,  to  March 
3,  1885;  died  in  Las  Vegas,  N.  Mex.,  September 
17,  1904. 

Marable,  John  H.,  a  Representative  from  Ten- 
nessee; native  of  Brunswick  county,  Va.;  pur- 
sued an  academic  course;  moved  to  Yellow  Creek, 
Tenn.;  elected  to  the  Nineteenth  and  Twentieth 
Congresses  (March  4,  1825-March  3,  1829);  unsuc- 
cessful candidate  for  reelection  to  the  Twenty-first 
Congress. 

Marchand,  Albert  G.,  a  Representative  from 
Pennsylvania;  native  of  Greensburg,  Pa. ;  attended 
the  cojmmon  schools;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the 
Twenty-sixth  and  Twenty-seventh  Congresses 
(March  4, 1839-March  3, 1843);  died  in  Greensburg, 
Pa.,  February5, 1848. 

Marchand,  David,  a  Representative  from  Penn- 
sylvania; native  of  Westmoreland  county,  Pa.; 
attended  the  common  schools;  elected  to  the  Fif- 
teenth and  Sixteenth  Congresses  (March  4,  1817- 
March  3,  1821). 

Marchant,  Henry,  a  Delegate  from  Rhode 
Island;  born  in  Marthas  Vineyard,  Mass.,  April  9, 
1741;  was  a  student  in  the  literary  department  of 
the  University  of  Pennsylvania  in  1756,  was  ad- 
mitted to  the  bar,  and  commenced  practice  in 
Newport,  R.  I.;  attorney  general  of  Rhode  Island 


BIOGRAPHIES. 


847 


1771-1777 ;  prominent  in  ante-Revolutionary  events ; 
Delegate  in  the  Continental  Congress  1777-1780, 
and  1783-1784 ;  delegate  in  the  state  convention  for 
the  adoption  of  the  Federal  Constitution;  United 
States  district  judge  for  the  district  of  Connecticut 
and  Rhode  Island  1790-1796;  died  in  Newport, 
R.  I.,  August  30,  1796. 

Marcy,  Daniel,  a  Representative  from  New 
Hampshire;  born  in  Portsmouth,  N.  H.,  Novem- 
ber 7,  1809;  attended  the  common  schools;  fol- 
lowed the  sea  and  later  engaged  in  shipbuilding; 
member  of  the  state  house  of  representatives  1853- 
1854;  member  of  the  state  senate  1856-1857;  elected 
as  a  Democrat  to  the  Thirty-eighth  Congress  (March 
4,  1863-March  3,  1865);  unsuccessful  candidate  for 
reelection  to  the  Thirty-ninth  Congress;  again  state 
representative  and  state  senator;  died  in  Ports- 
mouth, N.  H.,  November  3,  1893. 

Marcy,  William  Learned,  a  Senator  from  New 
York;  born  in  Southbridge,  Mass.,  December  12, 
1786;  was  graduated  from  Brown  university  in  1808 ; 
taught  school  in  Newport,  R.  I.;  studied  law,  was 
admitted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced  practice  in 
Troy,  N.*Y.,in  1810;  served  in  the  War  of  1812; 
recorder  of  Troy  in  1816;  editor  of  the  Troy  Budget; 
adjutant  general  of  New  York  in  1821;  state  comp- 
troller in  1823;  associate  justice  of  the  state  supreme 
court  in  1829;  elected  as  a  Jackson  Democrat  to  the 
United  States  Senate  and  served  from  March  4, 
1831,  until  his  resignation,  July,  1832,  to  become 
governor  of  New  York;  governor  1833-1839;  com- 
missioner on  Mexican  claims  1839-1842;  Secretary 
of  War  March  5,  1845,  to  March  3,  1849;  Secretary 
of  State  March  7,  1853,  to  March  4,  1857;  died  in 
Ballston  Spa,  N.  Y.,  July  4,  1857. 

Mardis,  Samuel  W.,  a  Representative  from 
Alabama;  born  in  Tennessee  June  12,  1800;  re- 
ceived an  academic  training;  studied  law,  was  ad- 
mitted to  the  bar,  and  practiced  in  Montevallo, 
Ala.;  member  of  the  state  legislature;  elected  as  a 
Democrat  to  the  Twenty -second  and  Twenty-third 
Congresses  (March  4,  1831-March  3,  1835);  prac- 
ticed law  in  Mardisville,  Ala.,  1835,  until  his  death 
in  Talladega,  Ala.,  November  15,  1836. 

Marion,  Robert,  a  Representative  from  South 
Carolina;  born  in  Berkeley  district,  S.  C.;  pursued 
an  academic  course,  and  was  graduated  from  Uni- 
versity of  Pennsylvania  in  1784;  elected  to  the 
Ninth,  Tenth,  and  Eleventh  Congresses,  and  served 
from  March  4, 1805,  until  his  resignation  December 
4, 1811. 

Markell,  Henry,  a  Representative  from  New 
York;  born  in  Montgomery  county,  N.  Y.,  February 

7,  1792;  attended  the  common  schools;  elected  as 
a   Democrat  to  the   Nineteenth  and   Twentieth 
Congresses  (March  4,  1825-March  3,  1829);  died  in 
Palatine,  N.  Y.,  August  30, 1832. 

Markell,  Jacob,  a  Representative  from  New 
York;  born  in  Schenectady  county,  N.  Y.,  May 

8,  1770;  attended  the  common  schools;  engaged  in 
farming  in  Manheim,  N.  Y. ;  supervisor  and  county 
judge  for  several  years;  elected  as  a  Federalist  to 
the  Thirteenth  Congress  (March  4,  1811-March  3, 
1813) ;  member  of  the  state  house  of  representatives, 
in  1820;  died  in  Manheim,  N.  Y.,  November  26, 
1852. 

Markham,  Henry  Harrison,  a  Representative 
from  California;  born  in  Wilmington,  Essex 
county,  N.  Y.,  November  16,  1840;  attended  the 


common  schools  and  Wheeler's  academy,  Vermont; 
moved  to  Wisconsin;  served  in  the  Union  army, 
and  discharged  in  June,  1865;  studied  law,  was 
admitted  to  the  bar,  and  practiced  in  Milwaukee, 
Wis.;  moved  to  Pasadena,  Los  Angeles  county, 
Cal.,  in  1879;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Forty- 
ninth  Congress  (March  4,  1885-March  3,  1887); 
governor  of  California  1891-1895;  a  retired  resident 
of  Pasadena,  Cal. 

Markley,  Philip  Swenk,  a  Representative 
from  Pennsylvania;  born  in  Montgomery  county, 
Pa.;  pursued  an  academic  course;  located  in  Nor- 
ristown;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in 
1810,  and  commenced  practice  in  Norristown,  Pa.; 
deputy  state's  attorney  for  Pennsylvania  1819- 
1821;  member  of  the  state  senate  1820-1823;  elected 
as  a  Democrat  to  the  Eighteenth  and  Nineteenth 
Congresses  (March  4,  1823-March  3,  1827);  unsuc- 
cessful candidate  for  reelection  to  the  Twentieth 
Congress;  appointed  naval  officer  of  Philadelphia 
by  President  Jackson. 

Marks,  William,  a  Senator  from  Pennsylvania; 
born  in  Chester  county,  Pa.,  October  13,  1778; 
settled  in  Beaver,  Pa.;  received  a  limited  school- 
ing; elected  to  the  state  house  of  representatives 
as  a  Democrat  1810-1819;  state  senator  1820-1825; 
elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  United  States  Senate, 
reelected,  and  served  from  March  4,  1825,  until 
March  3,  1831;  died  in  Beaver,  Pa.,  April  10,  1858. 

Marquett,  Turner  Martin,  a  Representative 
from  Nebraska;  born  in  Clarke  county,  Ohio,  July 
19, 1829;  attended  the  common  schools;  studied  law, 
was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced  practice 
in  Plattsmouth,  Nebr.,  in  1856;  member  of  the  ter- 
ritorial assembly;  served  in  the  territorial  council; 
elected  as  a  Republican  upon  the  admission  of 
Nebraska  as  a  state  into  the  Union,  to  the  Thirty- 
ninth  Congress,  and  served  from  March  2  to  March 

3,  1867,  for  one  day  only;  resumed  the  practice  of 
law  in  Lincoln,  Nebr.,  and  died  there  December  22, 
1894. 

Marr,  Alem,  a  Representative  from  Pennsyl- 
vania; native  of  that  state;  was  graduated  from 
Princeton  college  in  1807;  located  in  Danville; 
elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Twenty-first  Congress 
(March  4,  1829-March  3,  1831). 

Marr,  George  Washington  Lemp,  a  Repre- 
sentative from  Tennessee;  born  in  Henry  county, 
Va.,  in  1781;  attended  the  common  schools,  and 
the  University  at  Chapel  Hill,  N.  C.;  attorney  gen- 
eral for  west  Tennessee,  1807-1809;  attorney  gen- 
eral of  the  fifth  district,  1809-1813;  elected  to  the 
Fifteenth  Congress  (March  4,  1817-March  3,  1819); 
member  of  constitutional  convention  of  1834;  re- 
moved from  Clarksville,  Obion  county,  in  1821; 
served  in  Creek  war  and  was  wounded;  died  April 

4,  1856. 

Marsh,  Benjamin  Franklin,  a  Representative 
from  Illinois;  born  in  Wythe  township,  Hancock 
county,  111.,  in  1839;  attended  private  schools  and 
Jubilee  college;  studied  law  and  was  admitted  to 
the  bar  in  1860;  enlisted  as  a  private  in  the  six- 
teenth Illinois  infantry  volunteers;  recruited  a 
company  of  cavalry,  commissioned  captain,  and 
assigned  to  the  second  regiment  Illinois  cavalry; 
commissioned  colonel  and  served  until  January, 
1866;  returned  to  Warsaw,  111.,  and  resumed  the 
practice  of  law  until  1877;  Republican  candidate 
for  member  of  the  constitutional  convention  of 
1869;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Forty-fifth, 


848 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIKECTORY. 


Forty-sixth,  and  Forty-seventh  Congresses  (March 
4,  1877-March  3,  1883);  engaged  in  farming  and 
stock  raising  in  Hancock  county;  appointed  in 
1889  railroad  and  warehouse  commissioner,  and 
served  four  years;  delegate  in  the  Republican 
national  convention  of  1888;  reelected  as  a  Repub- 
lican to  the  Fifty-third,  Fifty-fourth,  Fifty-fifth, 
and  Fifty-sixth  Congresses  (March  4,  1893-March  3, 
1901);  again  elected  to  the  Fifty-eighth  and  Fifty- 
ninth  Congresses,  and  served  from  March  4,  1903, 
until  his  death  in  Warsaw,  111.,  June  2,  1905. 

Marsh,  Charles,  a  Representative  from  Ver- 
mont; born  in  Lebanon,  Conn.,  July  10,  1765; 
moved  to  Vermont  in  1774;  was  graduated  from 
Dartmouth  college  in  1786;  studied  law,  and  was 
admitted  to  the  bar  in  1788,  and  commenced  prac- 
tice in  Woodstock,  Vt;  United  States  district  attor- 
ney for  Vermont,  1797-1801;  elected  as  a  Federalist 
to  the  Fourteenth  Congress  (March  4,  1815-March 
3,  1817);  founder  of  many  important  societies 
while  in  Washington;  trustee  of  Dartmouth  college, 
1809-1849;  died  in  Woodstock,  Vt.,  January  11, 
1849. 

Marsh,  George  Perkins,  a  Representative 
from  Vermont;  born  in  Woodstock,  Vt.,  March  15, 
1801;  was  graduated  from  Dartmouth  college  in 
1820;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1825, 
and  commenced  practice  in  Burlington,  Vt.; 
member  of  the  governor's  council  in  1835;  elected 
as  a  Whig  to  the  Twenty-eighth,  Twenty-ninth, 
Thirtieth,  and  Thirty-first  Congresses,  and  served 
from  March  4,  1843,  until  his  resignation  in  1849; 
appointed  by  President  Taylor  minister  resident 
to  Turkey,  and  served  1849^1853;  charged  with  a 
special  mission  to  Greece  in  1852;  fish  commis- 
sioner of  Vermont  in  1857,  and  railroad  commis- 
sioner, 1857-1859;  appointed  by  President  Lincoln 
envoy  extraordinary  and  minister  plenipotentiary 
to  Italy  March  18,  1861,  and  served  until  his  death 
in  Valombrosa,  Italy,  July  24, 1882. 

Marshall,  Alexander  Keith,  a  Representative 
from  Kentucky;  born  in  Woodford  county,  Ky., 
February  11,  1808;  located  in  Nicholas ville;  was 
graduated  from  the  medical  department  of  the 
University  of  Pennsylvania  in  1844;  elected  as  an 
American  to  the  Thirty-fourth  Congress  (March  4, 
1855-March  3,  1857);  died  in  Fayette  county,  Ky., 
April  28,  1884. 

Marshall,  Alfred,  a  Representative  from  Maine; 
was  state  representative  1827-1828,  and  1834-1835; 
elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Twenty-seventh  Con- 
gress (March  4,  1841-March  3,  1843);  collector  at 
Belfast,  Me.,  1846-1849;  died  in  China,  Me.,  Octo- 
ber 2, 1868. 

Marshall,  Edward  Chauncey,  a  Representa- 
tive from  California;  born  in  Woodford,  Ky.,  June 
29, 1821 ;  moved  to  Sonora,  Cal. ;  served  in  the  Mexi- 
can war;  was  graduated  from  Transylvania  univer- 
sity, Lexington,  Ky.;  elected  to  the  Thirty-second 
Congress  (March  4,  1851-March  3,  1853);  attorney 
general  of  California,  1883-1886;  died  in  San  Fran- 
cisco, Cal.,  July  9,  1893. 

Marshall,  George  Alexander,  a  Representa- 
tive from  Ohio;  born  in  Shelby  county,  Ohio,  Sep- 
tember 14,  1851;  attended  the  public  schools  of 
Shelby  county,  and  later  the  Ohio  Wesleyan  uni- 
versity, Delaware,  Ohio;  studied  law,  and  was 
admitted  to  the  bar;  prosecuting  attorney  of  Shelby 
county  in  1878,  1880,  and  1883;  elected  as  a  Demo- 
crat to  the  Fifty-fifth  Congress  (March  4,  1897- 


March  3,  1899);  died  in  Sidney,  Ohio,  April  21 
1899. 

Marshall,  Humphrey,  a  Senator  from  Ken- 
tucky; born  in  Fauquier  county,  Va.,  in  1756; 
pursued  classical  studies;  captain  in  the  Virginia 
cavalry  in  the  Revolutionary  war;  moved  to 
Kentucky,  and  studied  law;  delegate  in  the  state 
constitutional  convention;  member  of  the  state 
house  of  representatives  for  several  years;  elected 
as  a  Federalist  to  the  United  States  Senate,  and 
served  from  March  4,  1795,  to  March  3,  1801;  died 
near  Frankfort,  Ky.,  July  1,  1841. 

Marshall  Humphrey,  a  Representative  from 
Kentucky;  born  in  Frankfort,  Ky.,  January  13, 
1812;  was  graduated  from  the  West  Point  military 
academy  in  1832;  resigned  from  the  army  April  30, 
1833;  studied  law  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in 
1833,  and  practiced  in  Frankfort  1833-1834  and  in 
Louisville  1834-1846;  active  in  the  state  militia; 
colonel  of  volunteers  in  the  Mexican  war;  after  the 
war  engaged  in  farming  in  Henry  county,  Ky.; 
elected  as  a  Whig  to  the  Thirty-first  and  Thirty- 
second  Congresses,  and  served  from  March  4,  1849, 
until  his  resignation,  August  4,  1852;  minister  to 
China  1852  to  January  27,  1854;  reelected  as  a 
National  American  to  the  Thirty-fourth  and 
Thirty-fifth  Congresses  (March  4,  1855-March  3, 
1859);  brigadier  general  in  the  Confederate  army; 
after  the  surrender  of  General  Lee  moved  to  New 
Orleans,  La. ;  pardoned  by  President  Johnson  De- 
cember 18,  1867;  returned  to  Louisville  and  re- 
sumed the  practice  of  law;  died  in  Louisville,  Ky 
March  28,  1872. 

Marshall,  James  William,  a  Representative 
from  Virginia;  born  in  Augusta  county,  Va.,  March 
31, 1844;  served  as  a  private  soldier  four  years  in  the 
Confederate  army;  attended  Roanoke  college  part 
of  two  sessions  and  was  graduated  in  1870;  studied 
law  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar;  commonwealth 
attorney  for  Craig  county  1870-1875;  elected  to  the 
Virginia  senate  in  1875,  and  served  four  years; 
member  of  the  general  assembly  of  Virginia  1882, 
1883;  elected  commonwealth  attorney  for  Craig 
county  in  1884  and  served  four  years;  presidential 
elector  on  the  Cleveland  and  Thurman  ticket  in 
1888;  member  of  the  Virginia  senate  1891-1892; 
elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Fifty-third  Congress 
(March  4,  1893-March  3,  1895);  resumed  the  prac- 
tice of  law;  died  in  New  Castle,  Va.,  November  27, 
1911. 

Marshall,  John,  a  Representative  from  Vir- 
ginia; born  in  Germantown,  Fauquier  county,  Va., 
September  24,  1755;  received  elementary  instruc- 
tion from  his  parents,  and  pursued  more  advanced 
studies  under  a  private  tutor,  James  Thompson, 
and  in  the  classical  academy  of  the  Messrs.  Camp- 
bell in  Westmoreland  county,  Va. ;  began  the  study 
of  law  at  eighteen,  but  at  the  outbreak  of  the  Revo- 


promoted  captain  in  May,  1777;  participated  in  a 
number  of  the  more  important  engagements  from 
1775  to  1779;  was  ordered  to  Virginia  in  1779,  to  take 
charge  of  the  militia  then  being  organized,  and 
attended  law  lectures  in  the  college  of  William  and 
Mary;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1780;  returned  to 
the  command  of  his  company,  then  at  the  army's 
headquarters,  and  to  Virginia  later  in  the  year, 
where  he  joined  the  forces  of  Baron  Steuben  for  the 
defense  of  the  state;  resigned  his  commission  in 
1781,  and  engaged  in  the  practice  of  law  in  Fauquier 


BIOGRAPHIES. 


849 


county;  delegate  in  the  Virginia  house  of  burgesses 
in  1780;  located  in  Richmond  and  practiced  law; 
member  of  the  executive  council  1782-1795;  again 
a  member  of  the  house  of  burgesses  1782-1788;  dele- 
gate in  the  state  constitutional  convention  for  the 
ratification  of  the  Federal  constitution  that  met  in 
Richmond,  June  2, 1788 ;  declined  the  cabinet  posi- 
tion of  Attorney  General,  and  also  a  foreign  mission 
tendered  by  President  Washington;  one  of  the 
special  commissioners  to  France,  to  demand  redress 
and  reparation  for  hostile  actions  of  that  country 
1797-1798;  resumed  law  practice  in  Virginia,  and 
declined  the  appointment  of  justice  of  the  Supreme 
Court  of  the  United  States  tendered  by  President 
Adams  September  26,  1798;  elected  to  the  Sixth 
Congress,  and  served  from  March  4,  1799,  to  June 
7, 1800,  when  he  resigned ;  was  appointed  Secretary 
of  War  by  President  Adams  May  7,  1800,  but  the 
appointment  was  not  considered,  and  on  May  12, 
1800,  was  appointed  Secretary  of  State;  entered 
upon  his  new  duties  June  6,  1800,  and,  although 
appointed  Chief  Justice  of  the  United  States,  Jan- 
uary 20,  1801,  and  notwithstanding  he  took  the 
oath  of  office  as  Chief  Justice  February  4,  1801, 
continued  to  serve  in  the  cabinet  until  March  4, 
1801;  member  of  the  Virginia  convention  of  1829; 
continued  as  Chief  Justice  until  his  death  in  Phila- 
delphia, Pa.,  July  6,  1835. 

Marshall,  Samuel  Scott,  a  Representative 
from  Illinois;  born  in  Gallatin  county,  111.,  March 
12,  1824;  attended  Cumberland  college,  Ky.; 
studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1845,  and 
commenced  practice  in  McLeansboro,  111.;  member 
of  the  state  legislature  in  1847;  state's  attorney 
1847-1848,  circuit  court  judge  1851-1854  and  1861- 
1864 ;  delegate  in  the  Democratic  national  conven- 
tions in  Charleston  and  Baltimore  in  1860  and  1864; 
delegate  in  the  Union  national  convention  in  1866; 
elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Thirty-fourth  and 
Thirty-fifth  Congresses  (March  4,  1855-March  3, 
1859)j  reelected  to  the  Thirty-ninth,  Fortieth, 
Forty-first,  Forty-second,  and  Forty-third  Con- 
gresses (March  4, 1865-March  3, 1875);  president  of 
board  of  managers  of  Hamilton  college,  1875-1880; 
unsuccessful  candidate  for  reelection  to  the  Forty- 
fourth  Congress;  died  in  McLeansboro,  Hamilton 
county,  111.,  July  26,  1890. 

Marshall,  Thomas  Alexander,  a  Representa- 
tive from  Kentucky;  born  near  Versailles,  Ky., 
January  15,  1794;  was  graduated  from  Yale  college 
in  1815;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and 
commenced  practice  in  Frankfort  in  1816;  moved 
to  Paris,  Ky.,  in  1819;  member  of  the  state  legisla- 
ture 1827-1828;  elected  as  a  Whig  to  the  Twenty- 
second  and  Twenty-third  Congresses  (March  4, 
1831-March  3,  1835);  unsuccessful  candidate  for 
reelection  to  the  Twenty-fourth  Congress;  judge  of 
the  state  court  of  appeals  1835-1856;  professor  in  the 
Transylvania  law  school  1836-1849;  moved  to 
Chicago  in  1856,  but  returned  to  Kentucky;  again 
elected  to  the  state  house  of  representatives  in 
1863;  chief  justice  of  the  court  of  appeals  1866- 
1867;  died  in  Louisville,  Ky.,  April  17,  1871. 

Marshall,  Thomas  Francis,  a  Representative 
from  Kentucky;  born  in  Frankfort,  Ky.,  June  7, 
1801;  pursued  classical  studies  in  Virginia;  studied 
law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced 
practice  in  Versailles,  Ky.,  in  1828;  member  of  the 
state  legislature  1832-1836,  1838-1839,  and  in  1854; 
moved  to  Louisville  in  1833;  defeated  as  an  inde- 
pendent for  the  Twenty-fifth  Congress;  returned  to 
Versailles  in  1837;  elected  as  a  Whig  to  the  Twenty- 
seventh  Congress  (March  4,  1841-March  3,  1843); 

50346°— S.  Doc.  654,  61-2 54 


served  in  the  Mexican  war  as  captain  of  volunteers; 
moved  to  Chicago  in  1856;  resumed  the  practice  of 
law  until  his  death,  near  Versailles,  Ky.,  Septem- 
ber 22,  1864. 

Marshall,  Thomas  Frank,  a  Representative 
from  North  Dakota;  born  in  Hannibal,  Mo.,  March 
7,  1854;  attended  the  state  normal  school,  Platte- 
ville,  Grant  county,  Wis.;  became  a  surveyor; 
moved  to  Dakota  in  1873  and  engaged  in  banking; 
mayor  of  Oakes,  N.  Dak.,  for  two  terms;  state 
senator  four  years;  delegate  in  the  Republican 
national  convention  in  Minneapolis  in  1892; 
elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Fifty-seventh, 
Fifty-eighth,  Fifty-ninth,  and  Sixtieth  Congresses 
(March  4,  1901-March  3,  1909). 

Marston,  Oilman,  a  Representative  and  a  Sen- 
ator from  New  Hampshire;  born  in  Oxford,  N.  H., 
August  20,  1811;  was  graduated  from  Dartmouth 
college  in  1837,  and  from  the  Harvard  law  school  in 
1840;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  and  commenced 
practice  in  Exeter,  N.  H.,  in  1841;  member  of  the 
state  house  of  representatives  1845-1849;  delegate 
in  the  state  constitutional  convention  of  1850; 
elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Thirty-sixth  and 
Thirty-seventh  Congresses  (March  4,  1859-March  3, 
1863);  reelected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Thirty- 
ninth  Congress  (March  4,  1865-March  3,  1867); 
served  in  the  Union  army;  commissioned  colonel 
of  the  tenth  New  Hampshire  infantry  June  10, 
1861;  brigadier  general  of  volunteers  November  29, 
1862;  resigned  April  20,  1865;  declined  the  gover- 
norship of  Idaho  Territory  in  1870;  again  a  member 
of  the  state  house  of  representatives  1872-1873,  and 
1876-1878;  delegate  in  the  state  constitutional  con- 
vention of  1876;  appointed  to  the  United  States 
Senate,  and  served  from  March  5  to  June  18,  1889; 
died  in  Exeter,  N.  H.,  July  3,  1890. 

Martin,  Alexander,  a  Senator  from  North  Caro- 
lina; born  in  New  Jersey  in  1740;  was  graduated 
from  Princeton  college  in  1756;  studied  law,  was 
admitted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced  practice  in 
Guilford  county,  N.  C.,  in  1772;  member  of  the 
colonial  assembly;  colonel  of  the  second  North 
Carolina  regiment  in  the  Revolutionary  war,  and 
commanded  at  the  battles  of  Brandywine  and 
Germantown;  member  of  the  state  senate  1779-1782, 
1785-1788,  and  served  as  speaker  during  most  of  his 
term;  acting  governor  of  North  Carolina  1781-1782, 
and  governor  1782-1785,  and  1789-1792;  delegate 
in  the  state  convention  for  the  adoption  of  the 
Federal  Constitution;  elected  to  the  United  States 
Senate,  and  served  from  March  4,  1793,  to  March  3, 
1799;  died  in  Danbury,  N.  C.,  in  November,  1807. 

Martin,  Augustus  Newton,  a  Representative 
rom  Indiana;  born  near  Whitestown,  Butler 
county,  Pa.,  March  23, 1847;  attended  the  common 
schools  and  Witherspoon  institute,  Butler,  Pa., 
and  was  graduated  from  Eastman  college,  Pough- 
keepsie,  N.  Y.,  in  February,  1867;  enlisted  July  3, 
1863,  in  company  I,  fifty-eighth  Pennsylvania 
volunteer  militia,  which  assisted  in  the  capture  of 
Gen.  John  Morgan's  command;  enlisted  again 
February  22,  1865,  in  company  E,  seventy-eighth 
Pennsylvania  volunteers,  and  served  until  dis- 
charged for  disability,  August  30,  1865;  taught 
school;  read  law  in  Bluffiton  in  1869;  was  admitted 
to  the  bar  in  1870;  member  of  the  Indiana  house  of 
representatives  1875;  elected  reporter  of  the 
supreme  court  of  Indiana  in  1876  and  served  four 
years;  unsuccessful  candidate  for  reelection  in 
1880;  resided  in  Austin,  Tex.,  1881-1883;  returned 
to  Bluffiton,  Ind.,  in  1883;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to 


850 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 


the  Fifty-first,  Fifty-second,  and  Fifty-third  Con- 
gresses (March  4;  1889-March  3,  1895);  resumed  the 
practice  of  law  in  Bluffiton,  Ind.,  until  his  death, 
in  the  soldiers  home  hospital,  Marion,  Ind.,  July 
11,  1901. 

Martin,  Barclay,  a  Representative  from  Ten- 
nessee; native  of  South  Carolina;  pursued  an 
academic  course;  moved  to  Columbia,  Tenn.; 
elected  to  the  Twenty-ninth  Congress  (March  4, 
1845-March  3,  1847). 

Martin,  Benjamin  Franklin,  a  Representative 
from  West  Virginia;  born  in  Marion  county,  Va., 
October  2,  1828;  was  graduated  from  Allegheny 
college,  Meadville,  Pa.,  in  June,  1854;  taught  school 
in  Fairmont,  Marion  county,  Va. ;  studied  law,  was 
admitted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced  practice  in 
March,  1856;  moved  to  Pruntytown  in  1856;  mem- 
ber of  the  constitutional  convention  of  West  Vir- 
ginia in  1872;  delegate  in  the  Democratic  national 
convention  in  Baltimore  in  1872;  elected  as  a  Dem- 
ocrat to  the  Forty-fifth  and  Forty-sixth  Congresses 
(March  4,  1877-March3, 1881);  presidential  elector 
in  1884;  delegate  at  large  to  Democratic  national 
convention  in  Chicago  in  1888;  resumed  the 
practice  of  law  in  Grafton,  Taylor  county,  W.  Va., 
and  died  there  January  20,  1895. 

Martin,  Charles  D.,  a  Representative  from 
Ohio;  native  of  that  state;  attended  the  public 
schools;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Thirty-sixth 
Congress  (March  4,  1859-March  3,  1861);  unsuccess- 
ful candidate  for  reelection  to  the  Thirty-seventh 
Congress. 

Martin,  Charles  H.,  a  Representative  from 
North  Carolina;  was  graduated  from  Wake  Forest 
college,  North  Carolina;  studied  law  and  was  ad- 
mitted to  the  bar;  later  studied  theology  and  be- 
came an  ordained  minister;  successfully  contested, 
as  a  Populist,  the  election  of  James  A.  Lockhart  to 
the  Fifty-fourth  Congress;  reelected  to  the  Fifty- 
fifth  Congress,  and  served  from  June  5,  1896,  to 
March  3, 1899. 

Martin,  Eben  Wever,  a  Representative  from 
South  Dakota;  born  in  Maquoketa,  Jackson  county, 
Iowa,  April  12,  1855;  was  graduated  from  Cornell 
university  in  1879;  attended  the  law  school  of  the 
University  of  Michigan,  and  was  president  of  his 
class;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1880;  moved  to 
Deadwood,  S.  Dak.,  and  practiced  law;  member 
of  the  territorial  legislature  of  Dakota  in  1884  and 
1885;  for  several  years  president  of  the  board  of 
education  of  the  city  of  Deadwood;  elected  as  a 
Republican  to  the  Fifty-seventh,  Fifty-eighth, 
and  Fifty-ninth  Congresses  (March  4,  1901-March 
3,  1907);  reelected  to  the  Sixtieth  Congress,  to  fill 
vacancy  caused  by  the  death  of  William  H.  Parker; 
reelected  to  the  Sixty-first  Congress,  and  served 
from  December  7,  1908,  to  March  3,  1911.  Re- 
elected  to  the  Sixty-second  Congress. 

Martin,  Edward  Livingston,  a  Representative 
from  Delaware;  born  in  Seaford,  Del.,  March  29, 
1837;  attended  Bolmar's  academy,  Delaware  col- 
lege, and  the  University  of  Virginia;  studied  law, 
and  was  admitted  to  the  bar;  served  as  clerk  of  the 
senate  of  Delaware,  and  as  a  commissioner  to  settle 
disputed  boundary  between  Delaware  and  New 
Jersey;  member  of  the  Democratic  national  con- 
vention in  Chicago  in  1864,  in  Baltimore  in  1872, 
and  in  St.  Louis  in  1876;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to 
the  Forty-sixth  and  Forty-seventh  Congresses 


(March  4,  1879-March  3,  1883);  died  in  Seaford, 
Del.,  January  27,  1897. 

Martin,  Elbert  S.,  a  Representative  from  Vir- 
ginia; native  of  that  state;  attended  the  public 
schools;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Thirty -sixth 
Congress  (March  4,  1859-March  3,  1861). 

Martin,  Frederick  S.,  a  Representative  from 
New  York;  born  in  Rutland  county,  Vt.,  April  25, 
1794;  attended  the  common  schools;  sailor  on  Lake 
Champlain,  and  on  the  seas;  engaged  in  business  in 
Olean,  N.  Y.;  member  of  the  state  house  of  repre- 
sentatives in  1850;  elected  as  a  Whig  to  the  Thirty- 
second  Congress  (March  4,  1851-March  3,  1853). 

Martin,  James  Stewart,  a  Representative 
from  Illinois;  born  in  Scott  county,  Va.,  August  19, 
1826;  attended  the  common  schools;  moved  to 
Salem,  111.,  in  1846;  served  in  the  Mexican  war; 
studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  practiced ; 
clerk  of  Marion  county  court;  served  in  the  Union 
army;  commissioned  colonel  of  the  one  hundred 
and  eleventh  Illinois  infantry  September  18,  1862; 
brevet  brigadier  general  of  volunteers  February  26, 
1865;  honorably  mustered  out  June  7,  1865;  county 
judge;  appointed  by  President  Grant  United  States 
pension  agent  April  13,  1869;  elected  as  a  Repub- 
lican to  the  Forty-third  Congress  (March  4,  1873- 
March  3,  1875);  died  in  Salem,  111.,  November  20, 
1907. 

Martin,  John,  a  Senator  from  Kansas;  born  in 
Wilson  county,  Tenn.,  November  12,  1833;  at- 
tended the  common  country  schools;  moved  to 
Kansas  in  1855,  and  located  in  Tecumseh  April  8, 
1855 ;  elected  assistant  clerk  of  the  first  house  of  rep- 
resentatives organized  in  the  Territory,  July  4, 
1855;  served  as  county  clerk  and  register  of  deeds 
1855-1857;  studied  law  and  was  admitted  to  prac- 
tice in  1856;  served  as  the  first  county  attorney  of 
Shawnee  county  1858-1859;  postmaster  of  Tecum- 
seh 1857-1858;  served  as  deputy  United  States 
attorney  1859  to  January  29,  1861;  moved  to  To- 
peka  in  January,  1861 ;  elected  to  the  state  house 
of  representatives  in  1873  and  1874;  delegate  in  the 
Democratic  national  convention  of  1872;  Demo- 
cratic nominee  for  governor  in  1876;  delegate  in  the 
Democratic  national  convention  of  1876;  appointed 
district  judge  and  subsequently  elected  to  that 
office;  elected  to  the  United  States  Senate  January 
25,  1893,  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  the  death  of 
Preston  B.  Plumb,  and  served  from  March  4,  1893. 
to  March  3,  1895;  served  as  clerk  of  the  supreme 
court  of  Kansas  for  two  years;  a  resident  of  Topeka, 
Kans. 

Martin,  John  Andrew,  a  Representative  from 
Colorado;  born  in  Cincinnati,  Ohio,  April  10,  1868; 
moved  with  his  parents  to  Fulton,  Mo.,  in  1872; 
attended  the  public  schools  of  Mexico  and  Fulton, 
Mo.;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and 
commenced  practice  in  Pueblo,  Colo.;  served  one 
term  in  the  state  assembly;  elected  as  a  Democrat 
to  the  Sixty-first  Congress  (March  4,  1909-March  3, 
1911).  Reelected  to  the  Sixty-second  Congress. 

Martin,  John  Mason,  a  Representative  from 
Alabama;  born  in  Athens,  Limestone  county.  Ala., 
January  20,  1837;  attended  the  common  schools, 
and  the  high  school  in  Green  Springs,  Ala.,  and  the 
University  of  Alabama  and  was  graduated  from 
Centre  college,  Danville,  Ky.;  studied  law.  and 
was  admitted  to  the  bar;  professor  of  equity  juris- 
prudence in  the  University  of  Alabama,  1875  to 
1886;  member  of  the  senate  of  Alabama  from 


BIOGRAPHIES. 


851 


August,  1871,  to  November,  1876,  and  served  as 
president  pro  tempore  from  1873  to  1876;  elected 
as  a  Democrat  to  the  Forty-ninth  Congress  (March 
4,  1885-March  3,  1887);  died  in  Bowling  Green, 
Ky.,  June  16,  1898. 

Martin,  John  P.,  a  Representative  from  Ken- 
tucky; born  in  Lee  county,  Va.,  October  11,  1811; 
pursued  an  academic  course;  moved  to  Preston- 
burg,  Ky.,  in  1828;  member  of  the  state  house  of 
representatives  1841-1842;  elected  to  the  state 
senate  in  1857;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the 
Twenty-ninth  Congress  (March  4,  1845-March  3, 
1847). 

Martin,  Joseph  John,  a  Representative  from 
North  Carolina;  born  in  Martin  county,  N.  C.,  No- 
vember 21,  1833;  attended  Williamston  academy; 
studied  law,  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1859; 
county  attorney  of  Martin  county,  N.  C>,  for  six 
years;  elected  as  a  Republican  solicitor  for  the 
second  judicial  district  of  North  Carolina  in  1868 
and  served  six  years;  reelected  in  1874  and  held 
the  office  until  his  nomination  for  Congress;  dele- 
gate in  the  Republican  national  convention  in 
Cincinnati;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Forty- 
sixth  Congress  (March  4,  1879-March  3,  1881); 
resumed  the  practice  of  law  in  Toledo,  N.  C.; 
postmaster  of  Toledo  1897,  until  his  death  in  that 
city  December  18,  1900. 

Martin,  Joshua  Lanier,  a  Representative  from 
Alabama;  born  in  Blount  county,  Tenn. ;  December 
5,  1799;  pursued  an  academic  course;  studied  law 
in  Maryville,  Tenn.,  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar; 
moved  to  Alabama  and  commenced  practice  in 
Athens,  Limestone  county;  member  of  the  state 
house  of  representatives,  1822-1828;  served  as  state 
solicitor;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Twenty- 
fourth  and  Twenty-fifth  Congresses  (March  4, 
1835-March  3,  1839);  circuit  judge  and  chancellor 
of  middle  Alabama;  governor  of  Alabama  1845- 
1847;  died  in  Tuscaloosa,  Ala.,  November  2,  1856. 

Martin,  Luther,  a  Delegate  from  Maryland; 
born  in  New  Brunswick,  N.  J.,  February  9,  1744; 
was  graduated  from  Princeton  college  in  1766; 
taught  school  in  Queenstown,  Md.,  1766-1771; 
studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  Williams- 
burg,  Va.,  September  1,  1771,  and  commenced 
practice  in  Accomac  county,  Va.;  member  of  the 
Annapolis  convention  of  1774;  attorney  general  of 
Maryland  1778-1805;  and  again  1818-1820;  Dele- 
gate in  the  Continental  Congress  1784-1785;  mem- 
ber of  the  Federal  constitutional  convention; 
chief  justice  of  the  court  of  over  and  terminer  in 
1814;  died  in  New  York  City,  July  10,  1826. 

Martin,  Morgan  Lewis,  a  Delegate  from  Wis- 
consin territory;  born  in  Martinsburg,  Lewis 
county,  N.  Y.,  March  31,  1805;  was  graduated  from 
Hamilton  college,  Clinton,  N.  Y.,  in  1824;  moved 
to  Green  Bay,  Wis.;  member  of  the  Wisconsin 
legislative  council,  1838-1844;  president  of  the 
second  constitutional  convention  in  1848;  elected 
as  a  Democrat  to  the  Twenty-ninth  Congress 
(March  4,  1845-March  3,  1847);  member  of  the  state 
senate,  1858  and  1859;  paymaster  in  the  United 
States  army  1861-1865;  Indian  agent  in  1866-1869; 
judge  of  Brown  county  from  1875  until  his  death 
in  Green  Bay,  Wis.,  December  10,  1887. 

Martin,  Robert  Nicols,  a  Representative  from 
Maryland;  born  in  Cambridge,  Md.,  January  14, 
1798;  attended  the  public  schools;  studied  law, 
was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  practiced  in  Princess 


Anne  county,  Md.,  1819-1827;  elected  to  the  Nine- 
teenth Congress  (March  4,  1825-March  3,  1827); 
practiced  law  in  Baltimore,  Md.,  1827-1845;  chief 
justice  of  the  western  judicial  district;  judge  of  the 
court  of  appeals  1845-1851;  judge  of  the  superior 
court  of  Baltimore  1859-1867 ;  professor  of  law  in  the 
University  of  Maryland  1867-1870;  died  in  Sara- 
toga, N.  Y.,  July  20,  1870. 

Martin,  Thomas  Staples,  a  Senator  from  Vir- 
ginia; born  in  Scottsville,  Albemarle  county,  Va., 
July  29,  1847;  attended  the  Virginia  military  insti- 
tute from  March  1,  1864,  to  April  9,  1865,  and  the 
University  of  Virginia  from  October  1,  1865,  to 
June  29,  1866,  and  from  October  1,  1866,  to  June 
29,  1867;  though  not  a  regularly  enlisted  soldier, 
part  of  the  time  he  was  enrolled  a  cadet  in  the  Vir- 
ginia military  institute  was  spent  in  the  military 
service  of  the  Confederacy  with  the  battalion 
of  cadets  from  the  institute;  studied  law,  and  was 
admitted  to  the  bar  in  1869,  and  practiced  in 
Albemarle  county;  member  of  the  board  of  visitors 
of  the  Miller  manual  labor  school  of  Albemarle 
county;  member  of  the  board  of  visitors  of  the  Uni- 
versity of  Virginia;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the 
United  States  Senate  December  19,  1893,  for  the 
term  beginning  March  4,  1895;  reelected  in  1899 
and  1905,  and  again  January  12,  1912,  for  the  term 
beginning  March  4,  1913. 

Martin,  William  Dobbin,  a  Representative 
from  South  Carolina;  born  in  Martintown,  S.  C., 
October  20,  1789;  pursued  an  academic  course; 
attended  the  Litchfield  law  school,  was  admitted 
to  the  bar,  and  commenced  practice  in  Edgefield, 
S.  C.,  in  1811;  moved  in  1813  to  Coosawhatchie; 
member  of  the  state  house  of  representatives  1816- 
1818;  clerk  of  the  state  senate  1818-1826;  elected 
as  a  Democrat  to  the  Twentieth  and  Twenty-first 
Congresses  (March  4,  1827-March  3,  1831);  elected 
judge  of  the  circuit  court  in  1831-1833;  moved  to 
Columbia,  S.  C.;  died  in  Charleston,  S  C.,  Novem- 
ber 17,  1833. 

Martin,  William  H.,  a  Representative  from 
Texas;  born  in  Barbour  county,  Ala.,  September 
2,  1823;  attended  the  common  schools;  studied 
law  in  Troy,  Ala.,  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar; 
moved  to  Texas  in  1850,  and  engaged  in  the  prac- 
tice of  law;  elected  to  the  state  senate  in  1853, 
and  reelected  in  1855;  raised  a  company  for  the 
Confederate  army  in  1861,  and  was  mustered 
into  the  fourth  Texas  regiment;  assigned  to  Lee's 
army  and  participated  in  all  the  battles  of  that 
army  until  its  surrender  in  April,  1865;  returned  to 
Athens,  Tex.,  and  resumed  the  practice  of  law; 
elected  district  attorney  in  1872;  elected  as  a 
Democrat  to  the  Fiftieth  and  Fifty-first  Congresses 
(March  4,  1887-March  3,  1891);  resumed  the  prac- 
tice of  law  in  Athens,  Tex. 

Martindale,  Henry  Clinton,  a  Representative 
from  New  York;  born  in  Berkshire  county,  Mass., 
May  6,  1780;  was  graduated  from  Williams  college 
in  1800;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and 
practiced  in  Sandy  Hill,  N.  Y.,  1801-1860;  elected 
as  a  Whig  to  the  Eighteenth,  Nineteenth,  Twen- 
tieth, and  Twenty-first  Congresses  (March  4,  1823- 
March  3,  1831);  reelected  to  the  Twenty -third 
Congress  (March  4,  1833-March  3,  1835);  died  in 
Sandy  Hill,  N.  Y.,  April  22,  1860. 

Marvin,  Dudley,  a  Representative  from  New 
York;  born  in  Lyme,  Conn.,  May  6,  1786;  attended 
Colchester  seminary;  studied  law,  was  admitted 
to  the  bar  in  Cariandaigua,  N.  Y.,  and  practiced 


852 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 


there  in  1807-1835;  elected  as  an  Adams  Demo- 
crat to  the  Eighteenth,  Nineteenth,  and  Twentieth 
Congresses  (March  4,  1823-March  3,  1829);  moved 
to  New  York  City,  and  practticed  law  1835-1845; 
moved  to  Ripley,  N.  Y.,  and  practiced  1845-1856; 
elected  as  a  Whig  to  the  Thirtieth  Congress  (March 
4, 1847-March  3, 1849);  died  in  Ripley,  N.  Y.,  June 
25,  1856. 

Marvin,  Francis,  a  Representative  from  New 
York;  born  in  New  York  City,  March  8,  1828;  at- 
tended private  schools;  entered  upon  a  commercial 
career  and  engaged  in  the  promotion,  construction, 
and  operation  of  railways,  water-supply  companies, 
bridges,  the  manufacture  of  illuminating  gas,  and 
in  banking;  unsuccessful  candidate  of  the  Repub- 
lican party  for  member  of  the  assembly  in  1864, 
and  for  the  state  senate  in  1881;  elected  as  a  Re- 
publican to  the  Fifty-third  Congress  (March  4, 
1893-March  3,  1895);  retired  to  private  life  and 
devoted  his  time  to  the  management  of  his  several 
business  enterprises;  died  in  New  York  City, 
August  10,  1904;  interment  in  Port  Jervis,  N.  Y. 

Marvin,  James  Madison,  a  Representative 
from  New  York;  born  in  Ballston,  N.  Y.,  February 
27,  1809;  attended  the  common  schools;  engaged  in 
the  hotel  business  in  Saratoga  Springs  and  Albany, 
N.  Y. ;  Whig  member  of  the  state  assembly  in  1845 ; 
county  supervisor  for  several  years;  elected  as  a 
Unionist  to  the  Thirty-eighth,  Thirty-ninth,  and 
Fortieth  Congresses  (March  4,  1863-March  3, 
1869) ;  president  of  First  national  bank  of  Saratoga 
Springs,  N.  Y.;  director  of  New  York  Central  rail- 
road; died  in  Saratoga  Springs,  N.  Y.,  April  25, 
1901. 

Marvin,  Richard  Pratt,  a  Representative  from 
New  York;  born  in  Fairneld,  Herkimer  county, 
N.  Y.,  December  23,  1803;  went  with  parents  to 
Dryden,  N.  Y.,  in  1809;  attended  the  public 
schools;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in 
May,  1829,  and  commenced  practice  in  Jamestown, 
N.  Y.;  member  of  the  state  assembly  in  1836-1837; 
elected  as  a  Whig  to  the  Twenty-fifth  and  Twenty- 
sixth  Congresses  (March  4,  1837-March  3,  1841); 
delegate  in  the  state  constitutional  convention  of 
1846;  judge  of  the  eighth  judicial  district  1847-1871 ; 
resumed  the  practice  of  law  until  his  death  in 
Jamestown,  N.  Y.,  January  11,  1892. 

Mason,  Armistead  Thomson,  a  Senator  from 
Virginia;  born  in  Louisa  county,  Va.,  August  4, 
1787;  was  graduated  from  William  and  Mary  col- 
lege in  1807;  engaged  in  farming;  colonel  of  Vir- 
ginia volunteers  in  the  war  of  1812;  member  of  the 
state  house  of  representatives;  elected  to  the 
United  States  Senate,  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  the 
resignation  of  William  B.  Giles,  and  served  from 
January  3,  1816,  to  March  3,  1817;  unsuccessful 
candidate  for  election  to  the  Fifteenth  Congress; 
killed  in  a  duel  with  his  brother-in-law,  John  M. 
McCarty,  in  Blandensburg,  near  Washington,  D. 
C.,  February  6,  1819. 

Mason,  James  Brown,  a  Representative  from 
Rhode  Island;  born  in  Thompson,  Conn.,  in  1774; 
pursued  classical  studies;  was  graduated  from 
Brown  university  in  1791;  studied  medicine  and 
was  admitted  to  practice;  moved  to  Charleston,  S. 
C.,  and  practiced  1795-1798;  returned  to  Provi- 
dence and  was  a  merchant  1798-1819;  member  of 
the  state  house  of  representatives  for  several  years, 
and  served  as  speaker  from  February,  1812,  to 
May,  1814;  elected  as  a  Federalist  to  the.Fourteenth 
and  Fifteenth  Congresses  (March  4,  1815-March  3, 


1819);  trustee  of  Brown  university  1804-1819;  died 
in  Providence,  R.  I.,  September'6,  1819. 

Mason,  James  Murray,  a  Representative  and 
a  Senator  from  Virginia;  born  on  Analostan  Island, 
Fairfax  county,  Va.,  November  3,  1798;  was  gradu- 
ated from  the  University  of  Pennsylvania  in  1818, 
and  from  the  law  department  of  William  and  Mary 
college  in  1820;  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  prac- 
ticed in  Winchester,  Va.,  1820-1861;  delegate  in  the 
Virginia  constitutional  convention  of  1829;  member 
of  the  state  house  of  delegates  1826-1832;  presi- 
dential elector  on  the  Democratic  ticket  in  1832; 
elected  as  a  Jackson  Democrat  to  the  Twenty-fifth 
Congress  (March  4,  1837-March  3, 1839);  elected  to 
the  United  States  Senate,  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by 
the  death  of  Isaac  S.  Pennybacker;  twice  reelected, 
and  served  from  January  21, 1847,  to  his  retirement, 
March  28,  1861;  formally  expelled  from  the  Senate 
by  resolution  of  July  11,  1861;  delegate  from  Vir- 
ginia to  the  provisional  congress  of  the  Confederacy; 
appointed  commissioner  of  the  Confederacy  to 
Great  Britain  and  France;  taken  prisoner  on  the 
high  seas  Novemner  8,  1861,  and  confined  in  Fort 
Warren,  Boston  harbor;  released  on  the  order  of 
Secretary  Seward  January  2,  1862;  proceeded  to 
London,  and  represented  the  Confederacy  until 
its  downfall  in  April,  1865;  died  near  Alexandria, 
Va.,  April  28,  1871. 

Mason,  Jeremiah,  a  Senator  from  New  Hamp- 
shire; born  in  Lebanon,  Conn.,  April  27,  1768;  was 
graduated  from  Yale  college  in  1788;  studied  law, 
moved  to  Vermont,  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in 
1791;  moved  to  New  Hampshire,  and  practiced  in 
Westmoreland  1791-1794,  in  Walpole  1794-1797, 
and  in  Portsmouth,  N.  H.,  1798-1832;  appointed 
attorney  general  of  New  Hampshire  in  1802;  mem- 
ber of  the  state  house  of  representatives  for  several 
years;  elected  to  the  United  States  Senate,  and 
served  from  June  10,  1813,  until  June  16,  1817, 
when  he  resigned;  again  served  for  a  number  of 
terms  in  the  state  legislature,  and  as  president  of 
the  Portsmouth  branch  of  the  United  States  bank, 
1825-1829;  moved  to  Boston,  Mass.,  in  1832;  left 
the  bar  in  1838,  but  continued  as  chamber  counsel 
up  to  the  time  of  his  death  in  Boston,  Mass.,  Octo- 
ber 14,  1848. 

Mason,  John  C.,  a  Representative  from  Ken- 
tucky; native  of  that  state,  located  in  Owensville, 
Ky.;  elected  as  a  Jackson  Democrat  to  the  Thirty- 
first  and  Thirty-second  Congresses  (March  4,  1849- 
March  3,  1853);  reelected  to  the  Thirty-fifth  Con- 
gress (March  4,  1857-March  3,  1859). 

Mason,  John  Thomson,  a  Representative  from 
Maryland;  born  in  Montpelier,  Md.,  May  9,  1815; 
was  graduated  from  Princeton  college  in  1836; 
studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  com- 
menced practice  in  Hagerstown,  Md.,  in  1838; 
member  of  the  state  house  of  representatives,  1838- 
1839;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Twenty-seventh 
Congress  (March  4,  1841-March  3,  1843);  judge  of 
the  court  of  appeals  1851-1857;  customs  collector  in 
Baltimore  1857-1861;  moved  to  Annapolis,  Md., 
where  he  died  March  28,  1873. 

Mason,  John  Young,  a  Representative  from 
Virginia;  born  in  Greensville  county,  Va.,  April 
18.  1799;  was  graduated  from  the  University  of 
North  Carolina  in  1816;  studied  law,  was  admitted 
to  the  bar  in  1819,  and  commenced  practice  in 
Hicksford,  Va.;  member  of  the  state  house  of  repre- 
sentatives, 1819-1829;  United  States  district  judge 
for  eastern  Virginia;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the 


BIOGEAPHIES. 


853 


Twenty-second,  Twenty -third,  and  Twenty -fourth 
Congresses,  and  served  from  March  4,  1831,  until 
his  resignation,  January  11,  1837;  elected  judge  of 
the  Virginia  general  court;  delegate  in  the  state 
constitutional  conventions  of  1828  and  1849;  Secre- 
tary of  the  Navy  March  14,  1844-March  10,  1845, 
and  September  9,  1846-March  8,  1849;  Attorney 
General  March  6,  1845,  to  September  9,  1846;  prac- 
ticed law  in  Richmond,  Va.,  1849^-1854;  minister  to 
France  January  22,  1854,  until  his  death,  in  Paris, 
France,  October  3,  1859.  ( 

Mason,  Jonathan,  a  Representative  and  a  Sen- 
ator from  Massachusetts;  born  in  Boston,  Mass., 
August  30,  1752;  completed  preparatory  studies  in 
the  Boston  Latin  school,  and  was  graduated  from 
Princeton  college  in  1774;  studied  law  under  John 
Adams,  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1777,  and  com- 
menced practice  on  Boston;  member  of  the  state 
house  of  representatives;  executive  councilor  in 
1798;  elected  to  the  United  States  Senate,  to  fill 
vacancy  caused  by  the  resignation  of  Benjamin 
Goodhue,  and  served  from  November  14,  1800,  to 
March  3,  1803;  elected  as  a  Federalist  to  the  Fif- 
teenth and  Sixteenth  Congresses,  and  served  from 
March  4  1817,  until  his  resignation,  May  15,  1820; 
died  in  Boston,  Mass.,  November  1,  1831. 

Mason,  Joseph  H.,  a  Representative  from  New 
York;  born  in  Plattsburg,  N.  Y.,  March  30,  1828; 
moved  to  Hamilton,  N.  Y.,  in  1840;  attended  Ham- 
ilton academy  and  Madison  university;  studied 
law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1849,  and  practiced 
in  Hamilton,  N.  Y.;  elected  county  judge  of  Mad- 
ison county  for  the  term  commencing  January  1, 
1864,  and  served  four  years;  appointed  collector  of 
internal  revenue  in  1871,  and  held  the  position 
until  January,  1876;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the 
Forty-sixth  and  Forty-seventh  Congresses  (March 
4, 1879-March  3, 1883);  resumed  the  practice  of  law 
in  Hamilton,  N.  Y. 

Mason,  Moses,  jr.,  a  Representative  from 
Maine;  born  in  Oxford  county,  Me.,  June  2,  1789; 
studied  medicine,  and  commenced  practice  in 
Bethel,  Me.,  in  1813;  appointed  first  postmaster  of 
Bethel  in  1814;  justice  of  the  peace,  1821-1866; 
county  commissioner  1831-1834;  elected  as  a  Demo- 
crat to  the  Twenty-third  and  Twenty-fourth  Con- 
gresses (March  4, 1833-March3, 1837);  an  executive 
councilor  1843-1845;  trustee  of  the  state  insane 
hospital  in  1844;  selectman  of  Bethel  fourteen 
years,  and  president  of  Gould's  academy  1854- 
1856;  died  in  Bethel,  Me.,  June  25,  1866. 

Mason,  Samson,  a  Representative  from  Ohio; 
born  in  Fort  Ann,  N.  Y.,  July  24,  1793;  attended 
the  common  schools  in  Onondaga,  N.  Y.;  studied 
law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced  prac- 
tice in  Springfield,  Ohio,  in  1819;  prosecuting 
attorney  for  Clark  county  in  1822;  member  of  the 
state  senate  1829-1831;  candidate  for  presidential 
elector  in  1832;  elected  as  a  Whig  to  the  Twenty- 
fourth,  Twenty-fifth,  Twenty-sixth,  and  Twenty- 
seventh  Congresses  (March  4,  1835-March  3,  1843); 
member  of  the  state  house  of  representatives,  1845- 
1846;  United  States  attorney  for  Ohio  1850-1853; 
member  of  the  state  senate  1862-1864;  delegate  in 
the  Ohio  constitutional  convention,  1850-1851; 
served  as  captain,  colonel,  brigadier  general,  and 
major  general  in  the  state  militia;  died  in  Spring- 
field, Ohio,  February  1,  1869. 

Mason,  Stevens  Thomson,  a  Senator  from 
Virginia;  born  in  Chapawausic,  Stafford  county, 
Va.,  in  1760;  attended  William  and  Mary  college; 


served  in  the  Revolutionary  army  as  a  voluntary 
aide  to  Gen.  Washington  at  Yorktown,  and  be- 
came a  brigadier  general  in  the  Virginia  militia; 
member  of  the  house  of  delegates;  delegate  in  the 
state  constitutional  convention  of  1788;  elected  to 
the  United  States  Senate,  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by 
the  resignation  of  James  Monroe;  was  twice  re- 
elected,  and  served  from  November  18,  1794,  until 
his  death,  in  Philadelphia,  Pa.,  May  10,  1803. 

Mason,  William,  a  Representative  from  New 
York;  born  in  Lebanon,  Conn.,  September  10, 
1786;  studied  medicine  and  practiced  in  Preston, 
N.  Y. ;  member  of  the  state  house  of  representatives, 
1821-1822;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Twenty- 
fourth  Congress  (March  4,  1835-March  3,  1837); 
died  in  Norwich,  Chenango  county,  N.  Y.,  Jan- 
uary 13,  1860.  &  «| 

Mason,  William  Ernest,  a  Representative  and 
a  Senator  from  Illinois;  born  in  Franklin ville,  Cat- 
taraugus  county,  N.  Y.,  July  7,  1850;  moved  with 
his  parents  to  Bentonsport,  Iowa,  in  1858;  attended 
the  Bentonsport  academy,  and  Birmingham  col- 
lege 1863-1865;  taught  school  in  Bentonsport  1866- 
1868,  and  in  Des  Moines,  Iowa,  1868-1870;  studied 
law,  moved  to  Chicago,  111.,  in  1872,  was  admitted 
to  the  bar,  and  practiced;  member  of  the  state 
house  of  representatives  in  1879;  state  senator  1882— 
1885;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Fiftieth  and 
Fifty-first  Congresses  (March  4,  1887-March  3, 
1891);  unsuccessful  candidate  for  reelection  to  the 
Fifty-second  Congress;  elected  to  the  United  States 
Senate,  and  served  from  March  4,  1897,  to  March  3, 
1903;  resumed  the  practice  of  law  in  Chicago,  111. 

Massey,  Zebulon  D.,  a  Representative  from 
Tennessee,  born  near  Marshall,  N,  C.,  November 
14,  1864;  attended  the  colleges  of  North  Carolina, 
and  taught  in  the  public  schools  1882-1886;  at- 
tended medical  lectures  in  Louisville,  Ky.,  1886- 
1889,  and  was  graduated  in  1889  and  began  prac- 
tice in  Wears  Valley,  Tenn.;  moved  to  Sevierville 
in  1890;  was  commissioned  by  President  Me  Kin- 
ley  in  1898  as  an  assistant  surgeon  in  the  sixth 
United  States  volunteer  infantry;  went  to  Porto 
Rico  with  the  regiment;  returned  to  Savannah, 
Ga.,  in  1899,  where  he  was  mustered  out;  was 
appointed  postmaster  of  Sevierville  and  served 
until  1904;  resigned  to  accept  a  seat  in  the  state 
Senate;  returned  in  1906;  elected  as  a  Republican 
to  the  Sixty-first  Congress,  to  fill  vacancy  caused 
by  the  death  of  Walter  P.  Brownlow,  and  served 
from  December  6,  1909,  to  March  3,  1911. 

Masters,  Josiah,  a  Representative  from  New 
York;  born  in  Woodbury,  Conn.,  October  22,  1763; 
was  graduated  from  Yale  college  in  1784;  studied 
law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced 
practice  in  Schaghticoke,  N.  Y.;  member  of  the 
state  assembly  in  1792,  1800,  and  1801;  associate 
judge  of  Rensselaer  county  1801-1805;  elected  as  a 
Democrat  to  the  Ninth  and  Tenth  Congresses 
(March  4, 1805-March  3,  1809) ;  judge  of  the  court  of 
common  pleas  of  Rensselaer  county,  1809-1822; 
supported  the  war  of  1812,  and  was  a  prominent 
friend  of  the  proposed  Erie  canal;  died  in  Scha°hti- 
coke,  N.  Y.,  June  30,  1832. 

Mathews,  James,  a  Representative  from  Ohio; 
native  of  Columbia  county,  Ohio;  attended  the 
common  schools;  located  in  Coshocton;  elected  as 
a  Democrat  to  the  Twenty-seventh  and  Twenty- 
eighth  Congresses  (March  4,  1841-March  3,  1845); 
moved  to  Knoxville,  Marion,  county,  Iowa,  in  1855 
died  in  Iowa  City,  Iowa. 


854 


CONGRESSIONAL   DIRECTORY. 


Mathewson,  Elisha,  a  Senator  from  Rhode 
Island;  born  in  Scituate,  R.  I.,  April  18,  1767;  pur- 
sued an  academic  course;  justice  of  the  peace  of 
Scituate,  R.  I. ;  member  of  the  state  house  of  repre- 
sentatives for  several  years,  and  served  as  speaker 
from  May  to  October,  1821,  and  May  to  October, 
1822;  member  of  the  state  senate;  elected  as  a 
Democrat  to  the  United  States  Senate,  tp  fill 
vacancy  caused  by  the  resignation  of  James 
Fenner,  and  served  from  October  26,  1807,  to 
March  3,  1811;  died  in  Scituate,  R.  I.,  February  6, 
1853. 

Mathiot,  Joshua,  a  Representative  from  Ohio; 
native  of  that  state;  attended  the  common  schools; 
elected  as  a  Whig  to  the  Twenty-seventh  Congress 
(March  4,  1841-March  3,  1843);  died  in  Newark, 
Ohio,  July  30,  1849. 

Matlack,  James,  a  Representative  from  New 
Jersey;  born  in  Gloucester  county,  N.  J.,  January 
11,  1775;  attended  the  common  schools;  member 
of  the  state  legislature;  elected  judge  of  the  court 
of  common  pleas;  elected  to  the  Seventeenth  and 
Eighteenth  Congresses  (March  4,  1821-March  3, 
1825);  died  in  Woodbury,  N.  J.,  January  16,  1840. 

Matlack,  Timothy,  a  Delegate  from  Pennsyl- 
vania; born  in  Haddonfield,  N.  J.,  in  1730;  pur- 
sued an  academic  course;  was  in  command  of  a 
battalion  of  "Associators"  against  the  Tories  of 
Delaware;  member  of  the  provincial  conference 
held  in  Carpenter's  hall,  Philadelphia,  June  18, 
1775;  delegate  in  the  convention  of  July  15,  1776, 
and  appointed  secretary  of  state;  member  of  the 
committee  of  safety  in  1776;  Delegate  in  the  Con- 
tinental Congress  1780-1781;  moved  to  Lancaster, 
Pa. ;  master  of  the  rolls  of  Pennsylvania,  1800-1809; 
moved  to  Philadelphia  and  was  prothonotary  of 
one  of  the  city  courts  for  several  years;  died  near 
Holmesburg,  Pa.,  April  15,  1829. 

Matson,  Aaron,  a  Representative  from  New 
Hampshire;  born  in  Plymouth,  Mass.,  in  1770; 
moved  to  Cheshire  county,  N.  H.;  judge  of  pro- 
bate; executive  councilor  1819-1821;  elected  to 
the  Seventeenth  and  Eighteenth  Congresses  (March 
4,  1821-March  3,  1825);  died  in  Newport,  Vt.,  July 
18,  1855. 

Matson,  Courtland  Gushing,  a  Representa- 
tive from  Indiana;  born  in  Brookville,  Ind.,  April 
25,  1841;  was  graduated  from  the  Indiana  Asbury 
university  (DePauw)  in  1862;  enlisted  as  a  private 
in  the  sixteenth  Indiana  volunteers,  and  after  one 
year's  service  entered  the  sixth  Indiana  cavalry 
(seventy-first  volunteers),  and  served  until  Octo- 
ber, 1865,  and  rose  to  the  rank  of  colonel;  studied 
law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced 
practice  in  Greencastle,  Ind.;  was  three  times 
elected  prosecuting  attorney;  chairman  of  the 
Democratic  state  central  committee  in  1878; 
elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Forty-seventh,  Forty- 
eighth,  Forty-ninth,  and  Fiftieth  Congresses 
(March  4,  1881-March  3,  1889);  unsuccessful  can- 
didate for  governor  in  1888;  resumed  the  practice 
of  law  in  Greencastle,  Ind. ;  state  tax  commissioner. 

Matteson,  Orsamus  B.,  a  Representative  from 
New  York;  born  in  Verona,  N.  Y.,  in  1805 ;  attended 
the  common  schools;  studied  law,  was  admitted 
to  the  bar,  and  practiced  in  Utica,  N.  Y.;  the  first 
city  attorney  of  Utica;  state  supreme  court  com- 
missioner ;  elected  as  a  Whig  to  the  Thirty-first  Con- 
gress (March  4,  1849-March  3,  1851);  reelected  to 
the  Thirty-third  and  Thirty-fourth  Congresses,  and 


served  from  March  4,  1853,  until  his  resignation 
February  27,  1857;  again  elected  to  the  Thirty- 
fifth  Congress  (March  4,  1857-March  3,  1859);  died 
in  Utica,  N.  Y.,  December  22,  1889. 

Matthews,  George,  a  Representative  from 
Georgia;  born  in  Augusta  county,  Va.,  in  1739; 
commanded  a  volunteer  company  against  the 
Indians  in  1757,  and  in  the  battle  of  Point  Pleasant, 
October  10,  1774;  colonel  of  the  ninth  Virginia 
regiment  in  the  Revolutionary  war;  fought  at 
Brandywine  and  Germantown,  where  he  was 
wounded;  confined  on  the  prison  ship  New  Jersey 
until  December,  1771,  when  he  was  exchanged  and 
joined  Gen.  Greene's  army  as  colonel  of  the  third 
Virginia  regiment;  engaged  in  farming  in  Ogle- 
thorpe  county,  Ga.,  in  1785;  elected  to  the  First 
Congress  (March  4,  1789-March  3,  1791);  governor 
of  Georgia  1793-1796;  brigadier  general  in  the  ex- 
pedition for  the  capture  of  West  Florida  in  1811; 
died  in  Augusta,  Ga.,  August  30,  1812. 

Matthews,  John,  a  Delegate  from  South  Caro- 
lina; born  in  Charleston,  S.  C.,  in  1744;  studied  law, 
and  was  admitted  to  the  bar;  associate  judge  of  the 
state  supreme  court  in  1776;  Delegate  in  the  Con- 
tinental Congress  1778-1782;  governor  of  South 
Carolina  1782-1783;  judge  of  the  court  of  equity  in 
1784;  died  in  Charleston,  S.  C.,  November  17, 1802. 

Matthews,  Stanley,  a  Senator  from  Ohio;  born 
in  Cincinnati,  Ohio,  July  21,  1824;  attended  Wood- 
ward high  school,  and  was  graduated  from  Kenyon 
college  in  1840;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the 
bar  in  1842,  and  practiced  in  Maury  county,  Tenn., 
1842-1844;  returned  to  Cincinnati  in  1844;  ap- 
pointed assistant  prosecutor  of  Hamilton  county  in 
1845;  an  editor  of  the  Cincinnati  Herald  1846-1849; 
clerk  of  the  state  assembly  1848-1850;  judge  of  the 
court  of  common  pleas  of  Hanover  county  1850- 
1852;  elected  to  the  state  senate  in  1856-1858;  ap- 
pointed by  President  Buchanan  United  States 
district  attorney  for  southern  Ohio  in  1858;  and 
served  until  his  resignation  in  March,  1861;  served 
in  the  Civil  war  as  lieutenant  colonel  of  the  twenty- 
third  Ohio  volunteers;  promoted  to  colonel  of  the 
fifty-seventh  Ohio  volunteers  in  October,  1861; 
resigned  in  the  spring  of  1863,  and  returned  to  law 
practice  in  Cincinnati;  judge  of  the  Cincinnati 
superior  court  1863,  until  his  resignation  in  July, 
1864;  presidential  elector  on  the  Republican  tickets 
of  1864  and  1868;  unsuccessful  candidate  for  elec- 
tion to  the  Forty-fifth  Congress;  was  counsel  before 
the  electoral  commission  in  1877;  elected  as  a  Re- 
publican to  the  United  States  Senate,  to  fill  vacancy 
caused  by  the  resignation  of  John  Sherman,  and 
served  from  March  21,  1877,  to  March  3,  1879;  ap- 
pointed by  President  Hayes  associate  justice  of  the 
United  States  supreme  court  January  26,  1881, 
but  was  not  confirmed;  renominated  by  President 
Garfield  March  14,  and  confirmed  May  12,  1881, 
and  served  until  his  death,  in  Washington,  D.  C., 
March  22,  1889. 

Matthews,  Vincent,  a  Representative  from 
New  York;  born  in  Orange  county,  N.  Y.,  June  29, 
1766;  pursued  an  academic  course  in  Noah  Web- 
ster's school,  Goshen,  N.  Y.;  studied  law,  was  ad- 
mitted to  the  bar  in  1790,  and  commenced  practice 
in  Elmira,  N.  Y.,  in  1790;  member  of  the  state 
house  of  representatives  in  1793;  member  of  the 
state  senate  in  179(KL797  and  1809;  bounty  land 
claims  commissioner  in  1798 ;  elected  as  a  Federalist 
to  the  Eleventh  Congress  (March  4,  1809-March  3, 
1811);  district  attorney  for  several  counties  in 
western  New  York,  1812-1815;  moved  to  Bath, 


BIOGRAPHIES. 


855 


thence  to  Rochester;  again  member  of  the  state 
house  of  representatives  in  1826;  district  attorney 
of  Monroe  county  1831-1833;  chancellor  of  the  state 
of  New  York;  died  in  Rochester,  N.  Y.,  August  23, 
1846. 

Matthews,  William,  a  Representative  from 
Maryland;  native  of  that  state;  elected  to  the  Fifth 
Congress  (March  4,  1797-March  3,  1799). 

Mattocks,  John,  a  Representative  from  Ver- 
mont; born  in  Hartford,  Conn.,  March  4,  1777; 
moved  with  parents  to  Tinmouth,  Vt.,  in  1778; 
pursued  an  academic  course;  studied  law  in  Mid- 
dlebury  and  Fairfield,  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in 
February,  1797,  and  commenced  practice  in  Dan- 
ville; moved  to  Peacham,  Vt. ;  member  of  the  state 
general  assembly  in  1807,  1815-1816,  and  1823- 
1824 ;  brigadier  general  of  militia  in  the  war  of  1812 ; 
elected  as  a  Whig  to  the  Seventeenth  Congress 
(March  4,  1821-March  3,  1823);  reelected  to  the 
Nineteenth  Congress  (March  4,  1825-March  3, 
1827);  judge  of  the  state  supreme  court  in  1832, 
but  declined  a  renomination;  delegate  in  the  con- 
stitutional convention  of  1836;  elected  to  the 
Twenty-seventh  Congress  (March  4,  1841-March  3, 
1843);  governor  of  Vermont,  1843-1844;  died  in 
Peacham,  Vt.,  August  14,  1847. 

Mattoon,  Ebenezer,  'a  Representative  from 
Massachusetts;  born  in  Amherst,  Mass.,  August  19, 
1755;  was  graduated  from  Dartmouth  college  in 
1776;  served  in  the  Revolutionary  army;  a  repre- 
sentative in  the  general  court  for  several  terms' 
state  senator  1795-1796;  an  Adams  presidential 
elector  in  1797;  elected  to  the  Sixth  Congress,  to 
fill  vacancy  caused  by  the  resignation  of  Samuel 
Lyman;  reelected  to  the  Seventh  Congress,  and 
served  from  February  2,  1801,  to  March  3,  1803; 
served  in  the  war  of  1812  as  a  lieutenant  of  artillery 
in  the  Canadian  campaign,  and  at  Bemis's  Heights, 
October  7,  1777,  and  attained  the  rank  of  major; 
sheriff  of  Hampshire  county,  Mass. ,  for  twenty  years ; 
state  adjutant  general;  delegate  in  the  state  consti- 
tutional convention  of  1820;  died  in  Amherst,  Mass., 
September  11,  1843. 

Maurice,  James,  a  Representative  from  New 
York;  born  in  New  York  City,  November  7,  1814; 
attended  the  public  schools;  located  in  Maspeth; 
elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Thirty-third  Congress 
(March  4,  1853-March  3,  1855);  died  in  Maspeth, 
Queens  county,  N.  Y.,  August  4,  1884. 

Maury,  Abraham  Poindexter,  a  Represen- 
tative from  Tennessee;  born  in  Williamson  county, 
Tenn.,  December  26,  1801;  completed  preparatory 
studies,  and  was  editor  of  a  newspaper  in  St.  Louis, 
Mo.,  at  sixteen;  entered  the  United  States  military 
academy  in  1818,  but  left  the  following  year  to 
study  law  and  edit  a  newspaper  in  Nashville,  Tenn; 
purchased  and  cultivated  the  family  homestead 
in  Williamson  county;  member  of  the  state  house 
of  representatives;  elected  as  a  Whig  to  the  Twenty- 
fourth  and  Twenty-fifth  Congresses  (March  4, 1835- 
March  3,  1839);  was  admitted  to  the  bar  and  prac- 
ticed in  Williamson  county  1839-1848;  died  in 
Franklin,  Tenn.,  July  16,  1848. 

Maxey,  Samuel  Bell,  a  Senator  from  Texas; 
born  in  Tompkinsville,  Monroe  county,  Ky.,  March 
30,  1825;  attended  the  common  schools,  and  was 
graduated  from  the  West  Point  military  accademy 
in  1846 ;  brevetted  second  lieutenant  of  the  seventh 
infantry  July  1,  1846;  second  lieutenant  of  the 
eighth  infantry  February  23,  1847;  transferred  to 


the  seventh  infantry  July  18,  1347;  brevet  first 
lieutenant  August  20,  1847,  "for  gallant  services 
at  Contreras  and  Churubusco; "  resigned  September 
17,  1849;  returned  to  Kentucky;  studied  law,  was 
admitted  to  the  bar  in  1850,  and  commenced  prac- 
tice in  Albany,  Ky.,  where  he  served  as  clerk  of  the 
county  and  circuit  courts,  and  as  master  in  chancery 
1852-1856;  moved  to  Paris,  Tex.,  in  1857  and  prac- 
ticed; district  attorney  of  Lamar  county,  Tex., 
1858-1859;  elected  to  the  state  senate  for  four  years 
in  1861,  but  declined,  and  raised  the  ninth  Texas 
infantry  for  the  Confederate  army,  or  which  he  was 
colonel;  promoted  brigadier  general  in  1862,  and 
major  general  in  1864;  commanded  the  Indian 
territory  military  district  1863-1865,  and  was 
also  superintendent  of  Indian  affiairs;  remained  in 
the  service  until  the  surrender  of  the  trans-Missis- 
sippi department  May  26,  1865;  resumed  the  prac- 
tice of  law  in  Paris,  Tex.;  commissioned  as  judge 
of  the  eighth  district  of  Texas  April  18,  1873,  but 
declined;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  United 
States  Senate  in  1875;  reelected  in  1881,  and 
served  from  March  4, 1875  to  March  3, 1887 ;  located 
in  Eureka  Springs,  Ark.,  in  1887,  and  practiced 
law;  died  in  Eureka  Springs,  Ark.,  August  16, 1895; 
interment  in  Paris,  Tex. 

Maxwell,  Augustus  Emmett,  a  Representa- 
tive from  Florida;  born  in  Elberton,  Ga.,  Septem- 
ber 21,  1820;  was  graduated  from  the  university  of 
Virginia  in  1841;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the 
Alabama  bar  in  1843,  and  practiced  in  Eutaw 
Ala.,  1843-1845;  moved  to  Tallahassee,  Fla.;  mem- 
ber of  the  state  house  of  representatives  in  1847; 
secretary  of  state  in  1848;  state  senator  in  1849- 
1850;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Thirty-third  and 
Thirty-fourth  Congresses  (March  4,  1853-March  3, 
1857);  United  States  navy  agent  at  Pensacola  1857- 
1861;  member  of  the  Confederate  senate  1862-1865; 
appointed  judge  of  the  state  supreme  court;  judge 
of  the  circuit  court  of  Florida  1877-1885;  member 
of  state  constitutional  convention  of  1885;  chief 
justice,  and  later  associate  justice  of  the  state 
supreme  court  1887-1891;  elected  president  of  the 
Pensacola  &  Montgomery  railroad  in  1866;  died 
in  Chipley,  Fla.,  May  5,  1903. 

Maxwell,  George  C.,  a  Representative  from 
New  Jersey;  native  of  New  Jersey;  was  graduated 
from  Princeton  college  in  1792;  elected  as  a  Whig 
to  the  Twelfth  Congress  (March  4,  1811-March  3, 

1813). 

Maxwell,  John  Paterson  Bryant,  a  Repre- 
sentative from  New  Jersey;  born  in  Flemington, 
N.  J.,  September  3,  1804;  was  graduated  from 
Princeton  college  in  1823;  studied  law,  was  ad- 
mitted to  the  bar,  and  commenced  practice  in 
Belvidere,  N.  J.,  in  1827;  elected  as  a  Whig  to  the 
Twenty-fifth  Congress  (March  4,  1837-March  3, 
1839);  reelected  to  the  Twenty-seventh  Congress 
(March  4,  1841-March  3,  1843);  presented  cre- 
dentials as  a  Member-elect  to  the  Twenty-sixth 
Congress,  but  the  House  refused  to  recognize  them; 
trustee  of  Princeton  college,  1842-1845;  died  in 
Belvidere,  N.  J.,  November  14,  1845. 

Maxwell,  Lewis,  a  Representative  from  Vir- 
ginia; native  of  Virginia,  located  in  Weston; 
elected  as  a  Whig  to  the  Twentieth,  Twenty-first, 
and  Twenty-second  Congresses  (March  4,  1827- 
March  3,  1844). 

Maxwell,  Samuel,  a  Representative  from  Ne- 
braska; born  in  Lodi  (then  a  suburb  of  Syracuse, 
N .  Y.),  May  20, 1826;  attended  the  common  schools; 


856 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 


moved  with  his  family  to  Michigan  in  1844;  taught 
school  and  farmed;  studied  law  and  was  admitted 
to  the  bar  in  1859;  moved  to  Nebraska  and  com- 
menced practice;  elected  a  delegate  to  the  first 
Republican  territorial  convention;  member  of  the 
territorial  legislature;  elected  to  the  first  consti- 
tutional convention  in  1864,  and  to  the  legislature 
in  the  same  year,  and  reelected  in  1865;  assisted  in 
framing  the  constitution  of  1866;  elected  to  the 
first  state  legislature  in  1866;  appointed  by  the 
governor  a  commissioner  to  select  capitol  building 
plans  and  university  lands  in  1867;  elected  in  1871 
to  the  second  constitutional  convention;  elected 
judge  of  the  supreme  court  as  a  Republican  in  1872 
for  a  term  of  six  years ;  located  in  Fremont  in  1873 ; 
elected  in  1875  a  member  of  the  third  constitutional 
convention;  elected  the  same  year  judge  of  the 
supreme  court  under  the  new  constitution,  and 
reelected  in  1881  and  1887;  elected  as  a  Fusionist 
to  the  Fifty-fifth  Congress  (March  4, 1897-March  3, 
1899);  resumed  the  practice  of  law;  died  in  Fre- 
mont, Nebr.,  February  11,  1901. 

Maxwell,  Thomas,  a  Representative  from  New 
York;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Twenty-first 
Congress  (March  4,  1829-March  3,  1831). 

May,  Henry,  a  Representative  from  Maryland; 
born  in  Washington,  D.  C.,  February  13,  1816; 
pursued  an  academic  course;  attended  Columbian 
college;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in 
1840,  and  practiced;  sent  by  President  Pierce  to 
Mexico  to  investigate  the  Gardiner  claim;  moved 
to  Baltimore,  Md.,  in  1850;  elected  as  a  Democrat 
to  the  Thirty-third  Congress  (March  4,  1853-March 
3, 1855) ;  unsuccessful  candidate  for  reelection  to  the 
Thirty-fourth  Congress;  reelected  to  the  Thirty- 
seventh  Congress  (March  4,  1861-March  3,  1863); 
died  in  Baltimore,  Md.,  September  25,  1866. 

May,  Mitchell,  a  Representative  from  New 
York;  born  in  Brooklyn,  N.  Y.,  July  10,  1870;  at- 
tended the  public  schools  and  the  Brooklyn  poly- 
technic institute;  was  graduated  from  the  law 
school  of  Columbia  college  in  1892,  and  was  ad- 
mitted to  the  bar  in  1893,  and  engaged  in  practice 
in  Brooklyn;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Fifty- 
sixth  Congress  (March  4,  1899-March  3,  1901); 
member  board  of  education  of  New  York  City  1907- 
1911;  assistant  district  attorney  of  Kings  county 
1911-1912. 

May,  William  L.,  a  Representative  from  Illi- 
nois; native  of  Kentucky;  attended  the  common 
schools;  moved  to  Springfield,  111.;  elected  as  a 
Jackson  Democrat  to  the  Twenty-third  Congress, 
to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  the  resignation  of  Joseph 
Duncan;  reelected  to  the  Twenty -fourth  and 
Twenty-fifth  Congresses,  and  served  from  Decem- 
ber 1,  1834,  to  March  3,  1839. 

Maybury,  William  Cotter,  a  Representative 
from  Michigan;  born  in  Detroit,  Mich.,  November 
20,  1848;  was  graduated  from  the  literary  depart- 
ment of  the  University  of  Michigan  in  1870,  and 
from  the  law  department  in  1871,  and  began  prac- 
tice in  Detroit;  city  attorney  of  Detroit  1875-1880; 
lecturer  on  medical  jurisprudence  in  Michigan 
college  of  medicine;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the 
Forty-eighth  and  Forty-ninth  Congresses  (March  4, 
1883-March  3,  1887);  resumed  the  practice  of  law 
in  Detroit;  in  1897  was  elected  mayor  of  Detroit, 
and  twice  reelected;  died  in  Detroit,  Mich.,  May 
6,  1909. 

Mayham,  Stephen  Lorenzo,  a  Representative 
from  New  York;  born  in  Blenheim,  N.  Y..  October 
8,  1825;  pursued  an  academic  course;  studied  law 


in  Ithaca,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced 
practice  in  1848;  superintendent  of  schools  in 
Schoharie  county,  N.  Y.,  1852-1857  and  super- 
visor 1857-1860;  county  attorney  1859-1863;  mem- 
ber of  the  state  house  of  representatives  in  1863; 
elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Forty-first  Congress 
(March  4,  1869-March  3,  1871);  reelected  to  the 
Forty-fifth  Congress  (March  4, 1877-March  3, 1879); 
elected  judge  of  Schoharie  county  in  1883;  judge  of 
the  supreme  court  of  New  York,  and  afterwards 
presiding  justice,  1886-1889;  died  in  Schoharie. 
N.  Y.,  March  3,  1908. 

Maynard,  Harry  Lee,  a  Representative  from 
Virginia;  born  in  Portsmouth,  N.  II.,  June  8,  1861; 
attended  the  common  schools  of  Norfolk  county; 
was  graduated  from  the  Virginia  agricultural  and 
mechanical  college  in  1880;  member  of  the  Virginia 
house  of  delegates  in  1890;  elected  to  the  Virginia 
state  senate  in  1894  and  1898;  elected  as  a  Democrat 
to  the  Fifty-seventh,  and  to  the  four  succeeding 
Congresses  (March  4,  1901-March  3,  1911);  inter- 
ested in  irrigated  lands  in  Yakima,  Wash. ;  a  resi- 
dent of  Portsmouth,  Va. 

Maynard,  Horace,  a  Representative  from  Ten- 
nessee; born  in  Westboro,  Mass.,  August  30,  1814; 
attended  the  common  schools  of  Charleston,  S.  C., 
and  the  Millbury,  Mass.,  academy,  and  was  gradu- 
ated from  Amherst  college  in  1838;  in  1839  became 
principal  of  the  Hampden-Sydney  academy  in 
Knpxville,  Tenn.;  instructor  and  professor  in  the 
University  of  East  Tennessee  until  1844;  studied 
law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1844,  and  practiced 
in  Knoxville,  Tenn. ;  attorney  general  of  Tennessee 
1863-1865;  presidential  elector  in  1852  and  1864; 
delegate  in  the  state  constitutional  convention  of 
1865  and  in  the  Loyalist  convention  in  Philadelphia 
in  1866;  elected  as  an  American  to  the  Thirty-fifth, 
Thirty-sixth,  and  Thirty-seventh  Congresses 
(March  4,  1857-March  3,  1863);  reelected  as  a 
Republican  to  the  Thirty-ninth,  Fortieth  Forty- 
first,  Forty-second,  and  Forty -third  Congresses 
(March  4,  1865-March  3,  1875);  unsuccessful  Re- 
publican candidate  for  governor  of  Tennessee  in 
1874;  minister  to  Turkey  March  9,  1875,  until  May, 
1880;  Postmaster  General  in  the  cabinet  of  Presi- 
dent Hayes  June  2,  1880,  to  March  5,  1881;  died  in 
Knoxville,  Tenn.,  May  3,  1882. 

Maynard,  John,  a  Representative  from  New 
York;  native  of  that  state;  was  graduated  from 
Union  college  in  1810;  studied  law,  was  admitted 
to  the  bar,  and  commenced  practice  in  Seneca  Falls 
N.  Y. ;  moved  to  Auburn;  elected  as  a  Whig  to  the 
Twentieth  Congress  (March  4, 1827-March  3, 1829); 
reelected  to  the  Twenty-seventh  Congress  (March 
4,  1841-March  3, 1843);  member  of  the  state  senate 
1838-1840;  seventh  district  judge  of  the  supreme 
court  June  7,  1847,  until  his  death  in  Auburn, 
N.  Y.,  March  24,  1850. 

Mayo,  Robert  M.,  a  Representative  from  Vir- 
ginia; presented  credentials  as  a  Member-elect  to 
the  Forty-eighth  Congress,  and  served  from  March 
4,  1884,  to  March  20,  1884,  when  he  was  succeeded 
by  George  T.  Garrison,  who  contested  his  election. 

Mayrant,  William,  a  Representative  from 
South  Carolina;  native  of  that  state;  elected  to  the 
Fourteenth  Congress,  and  served  from  March  4, 
1815,  until  his  resignation  October  21,  1816;  de- 
feated for  the  Fifteenth  Congress. 

Mays,  Dannitte  Hill,  a  Representative  from 
Florida;  born  in  Madison  county,  Fla.,  April  28, 


BIOGEAPHIES. 


857 


1852;  attended  the  county  schools  and  the  Wash- 
ington and  Lee  university  in  Lexington,  Va.; 
member  of  the  Florida  legislature,  and  served  one 
term  as  speaker;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the 
Sixty-first  Congress  (March  3, 1909-March  3,  1911). 
Reelected  to  the  Sixty-second  Congress. 

Meacham,  James,  a  Representative  from  Ver- 
mont; born  in  Rutland,  Vt.,  August  10,  1810;  was 
graduated  from  Middle  bury*  college  in  1832;  taught 
in  the  seminary  in  Castleton,  vt.,  and  in  the 
academy  in  St.  Albans,  Vt.;  attended  Andover 
theological  seminary ;  tutor  and  professor  at  Middle- 
bury  college;  ordained  to  the  Congregational  min- 
istry in  1838,  and  was  pastor  in  New  Haven,  Vt.; 
elected  as  a  Whig  to  the  Thirty-first  Congress,  to 
fill  vacancy  caused  by  the  resignation  of  George  P. 
Marsh;  reelected  to  the  Thirty -second,  Thirty- 
third,  and  Thirty-fourth  Congresses,  and  served 
from  December  3,  1849,  until  his  death  in  Rutland, 
Vt.,  August  22,  1856. 

Mead,  Cowles,  a  Representative  from  Georgia; 
native  of  that  state;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to 
the  bar,  and  practiced;  presented  credentials  as  a 
Member-elect  to  the  Ninth  Congress,  and  served 
until  December  24,  1805,  when  he  was  succeeded 
by  Thomas  Spalding,  who  contested  his  election; 
appointed  secretary  of  Mississippi  territory  in  1806. 

Meade,  Edwin  Ruthven,  a  Representative 
from  New  York;  born  in  Norwich,  N.  J.,  July  6, 
1836;  pursued  an  academic  course;  studied  law, 
was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced  practice 
in  Norwich  in  1858;  moved  to  New  York  City  in 
1872;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Forty-fourth 
Congress  (March  4,  1875-March  3,  1877);  died  in 
New  York  City,  November  28,  1889. 

Meade,  Richard  Kidder,  a  Representative 
from  Virginia;  born  in  Frederick  county,  Va.,  in 
1795;  pursued  an  academic  course;  studied  law, 
was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced  practice 
in  Petersburg,  Va.;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the 
Thirtieth,  Thirty-first,  and  Thirty-second  Con- 
gresses (March  4,  1847-March  3, 1853);  declined  the 
appointment  of  charg6  d'affaires  to  Sardinia  ten- 
dered by  President  Pierce  in  1853;  minister  to 
Brazil  by  the  nomination  of  President  Buchanan 
July  27,  1857,  to  July  9,  1861;  returned  to  Virginia 
and  devoted  himself  to  the  cause  of  the  Confed- 
eracy; died  in  Petersburg,  Va.,  April  20, 1862. 

Mebane,  Alexander,  a  Representative  from 
North  Carolina;  born  in  Pennsylvania,  November 
26,  1744;  moved  with  parents  to  Hawfields,  N.  C.; 
attended  the  common  schools  of  Orange  county; 
delegate  in  the  state  constitutional  convention  of 
1776;  justice  of  the  peace  and  sheriff  of  Orange 
county;  auditor  of  the  Hillsboro  district  1783-1784; 
member  of  the  Hillsboro  convention  of  1788,  f.nd 
of  the  Fayetteville  convention  of  1789;  member 
of  the  house  of  commons  of  North  Carolina  1787- 
1792;  elected  to  the  Third  Congress  (March  4,  1793- 
March  3,  1795);  died  in  Hawfields,  Orange  county, 
N.  C.,  July  5,  1795. 

Medill,  William,  a  Representative  from  Ohio; 
born  in  Newcastle  county,  Del.,  in  1805;  com- 
pleted preparatory  studies,  and  was  graduated  from 
Delaware  college  in  1825;  studied  law,  was  ad- 
mitted to  the  bar,  and  commenced  practice  in 
Lancaster  county,  Ohio,  in  1832;  member  of  the 
state  house  of  representatives  1835-1837,  and 
served  as  speaker  in  1836-1837;  elected  as  a  Demo- 
crat to  the  Twenty-sixth  and  Twenty-seventh  Con- 


gresses (March  4,  1839-1843);  appointed  by  Presi- 
dent Polk  Second  Assistant  Postmaster  General  in 
1845;  Commissioner  of  Indian  Affairs  October  28, 
1845,  to  May  29,  1850;  delegate  in  the  Ohio  consti- 
tutional convention  of  1850;  lieutenant  governor  of 
Ohio  1852-1853,  and  governor  1854-1855;  unsuc- 
cessful candidate  for  reelection  as  governor  of  Ohio, 
1855;  the  first  Comptroller  of  the  United  States 
Treasury  by  appontment  of  President  Buchanan 
March  26,  1857,  to  April  10,  1861;  died  in  Lan- 
caster, Ohio,  September  2,  1865. 

Meech,  Ezra,  a  Representative  from  Vermont; 
born  in  New  London,  Conn.,  July  26,  1773;  moved 
to  Hinesburgh,  Vt.,  in  1785;  attended  the  common 
schools;  engaged  in  the  fur  trade  in  the  Northwest 
and  in  ship-timber  contracts  in  Canada;  moved  to 
Shelburne,  Vt.,  and  engaged  in  farming  and  stock 
raising;  member  of  the  state  house  of  representa- 
tives 1805-1807;  elected  as  a  WThig  to  the  Sixteenth 
Congress  (March  4,  1819-March  3,  1821);  reelected 
to  the  Nineteenth  Congress  (March  4,  1825-March 
3, 1827) ;  delegate  in  the  state  constitutional  conven- 
tions of  1822  and  1826;  chief  justice  of  Chittenden 
county  court  1822-1823;  presidential  elector  on  the 
Whig  ticket  in  1840;  died  in  Shelburne,  Vt.,  Sep- 
tember 23,  1856. 

Meekison,  David,  a  Representative  from  Ohio; 
born  in  Dundee,  {Scotland,  November  14,  1849; 
came  with  his  parents  to  the  United  States  in  1855 
and  located  in  Napoleon,  Ohio;  attended  the  com- 
mon schools;  entered  a  printing  office;  studied  law, 
and  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1873;  county  prose- 
cuting attorney;  probate  judge  1881-1888;  in  1886 
established  the  Meekison  bank  in  Napoleon,  Ohio; 
mayor  of  Napoleon  1890-1897;  elected  as  a  Demo- 
crat to  the  Fifty-fifth  and  Fifty-sixth  Congresses 
(March  4,  1897-March  3,  1901);  president  of  state 
bank  in  Napoleon,  Ohio. 

Meigs,  Henry,  a  Representative  from  New 
York;  born  in  New  Haven,  Conn.,  October  28, 
1782;  was  graduated  from  Yale  college  in  1798; 
studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  com- 
menced practice  in  New  York  city;  served  in  the 
war  of  1812;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Sixteenth 
Congress  (March  4,  1819-March  3,  1821);  died  in 
New  York  city,  May  20,  1861. 

Meigs,  Return  Jonathan,  a  Senator  from  Ohio; 
born  in  Middletown,  Conn.,  November  16,  1764; 
was  graduated  from  Yale  college  in  1785;  studied 
law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced  prac- 
tice in  Marietta,  Ohio;  served  in  the  Indian  war;* 
territorial  judge  1802-1803;  chief  justice  of  the  Ohio 
supreme  court  1803-1804;  bevetted  colonel  in  the 
United  States  army  and  commanded  in  the  St. 
Charles  district  in  Louisiana  1804-1806;  judge  of  the 
supreme  court  of  Louisiana  1805-1806;  judge  of  the 
United  States  district  court  for  the  territory  of 
Michigan  1807-1808;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the 
United  States  Senate,  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  the 
resignation  of  John  Smith;  was  reelected,  and 
served  from  December  12,  1808,  to  May  ],  1810, 
when  he  resigned;  governor  of  Ohio  1810-1814; 
Postmaster  General  by  the  appointment  of  Presi> 
dent  Madison  and  reappointment  of  President 
Monroe  March  17,  1814,  to  June  26,  1823;  died  in 
Marietta,  Ohio,  March  29,  1824. 

Meiklejohn,  George  De  Rue,  a  Representa- 
tive from  Nebraska;  born  in  Weyauwega,  Waupaca 
county,  Wis.,  August  26,  1857;  attended  the  state 
normal  school  in  Oshkosh,  Wis.,  and  was  graduated 
from  the  law  department  of  Michigan  university, 


858 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 


Ann  Arbor,  in  1880;  principal  of  the  high  school  in 
Weyauwega,  Wis.,  and  Liscomb,  Iowa;  was  ad- 
mitted to  the  bar  and  began  practice  in  Fullerton, 
Nance  county,  Nebr.,  in  1880;  county  attorney 
for  Nance  county  1881-1884;  member  of  the  state 
senate  in  1884-1888,  and  served  as  president  of  the 
body  1886-1888;  chairman  of  the  Republican  state 
convention  of  1887;  chairman  of  the  Republican 
state  central  committee  1887-1888;  lieutenant 
governor  of  Nebraska  1889-1891;  elected  as  a  Re- 
publican to  the  Fifty-third  and  Fifty-fourth  Con- 
gresses (March  4,  1893-March  3,  1897);  appointed 
by  President  McKinley  Assistant  Secretary  of  War 
April  14,  1897,  and  served  until  March,  1901,  when 
he  resigned;  resumed  the  practice  of  law  in  Omaha, 
Nebr. 

Mellen,  Prentiss,  a  Senator  from  Massachusetts; 
born  in  Sterling,  Mass.,  October  11,  1764;  was 
graduated  from  Harvard  college  in  1784;  studied 
law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced  prac- 
tice in  Sterling,  Mass.,  in  1786;  practiced  in  Bridge- 
water,  Mass.,  1789-1791,  in  Dover,  N.  H.,  1791- 
1792,  in  Biddeford,  Me.,  1792-1806,  and  in  Port- 
land, Me.,  1806-1840;  member  of  the  executive 
council  1808-1809 and  1817;  presidential  elector  on 
the  Monroe  and  Tompkins  ticket  in  1817;  trustee  of 
Bowdoin  college  1817-1836;  elected  to  the  United 
States  Senate,  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  the  resig- 
nation of  Eli  P.  Ashmun,  and  served  from  June  5, 
1818,  to  May  15,  1820,  when  he  resigned  on  the 
creation  of  the  state  of  Maine  to  become  chief  jus- 
tice of  the  supreme  court  of  that  state;  retired 
in  1834  on  reaching  the  age  of  70  years;  chairman 
of  the  commission  to  revise  and  codify  the  public 
statutes  of  Maine  in  1838;  died  in  Portland,  Me., 
December  31,  1840. 

Mellish,  David  Batcheller,  a  Representative 
from  New  York;  born  in  Oxford,  Mass.,  January 
2,  1831;  attended  the  public  schools,  and  became  a 
printer  in  Worcester;  taught  school  in  Massachu- 
setts, Maryland,  and  Pennsylvania;  proof  reader  in 
New  York  city;  reporter  for  the  New  York  Tribune; 
stenographer  to  the  police  board  of  New  York  city 
for  ten  years;  appointed  assistant  appraiser  of  mer- 
chandise for  the  port  of  New  York  in  1871;  elected 
as  a  Republican  to  the  Forty-third  Congress,  and 
served  from  March  4,  1873,  until  his  death  in  Wash- 
ington, D.  C.,  May  23,  1874. 

Menifee,  Richard  H.,  a  Representative  from 
Kentucky;  pursued  an  academic  course;  studied 
law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced  prac- 
tice in  Lexington,  Ky.;  elected  as  a  Whig  to  the 
Twenty-fifth  Congress  (March  4,  1837-March  3, 
1839);  died  in  Frankfort,  Ky.,  February  21,  1841. 

Menzies,  John  W.,  a  Representative  from  Ken- 
tucky;  born  in  Fayette  county,  Ky.,  April  12, 1819; 
was  graduated  from  the  University  of  Virginia  in 
1840;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and 
commenced  practice  in  Covington,  Ky.,  in  1841; 
member  of  the  state  house  of  representatives  in 
1848  and  1855;  elected  as  a  Unionist  to  the  Thirty- 
seventh  Congress  (March  4,  1841-March  3,  1843); 
delegate  in  the  Democratic  national  convention 
of  1864. 

Mercer,  Charles  Fenton,  a  Representative 
from  Virginia;  born  in  Fredericksburg,  Va.,  June 
6,  1778;  was  graduated  from  Princeton  college  in 
1797;  lieutenant  and  captain  of  cavalry  in  the 
United  States  army  1798-1800;  studied  law,  was 
admitted  to  the  bar  in  1802,  and  settled  in  practice 
in  Aldie,  Loudoun  county,  Va.;  member  of  the 


state  house  of  representatives;  1810-1817;  briga- 
dier general  in  the  war  of  1812,  and  commanded 
the  forces  at  Norfolk,  Va.;  president  of  the  Chesa- 
peake &  Ohio  canal  company;  elected  as  a  Demo- 
crat to  the  Fifteenth,  and  to  the  eleven  succeeding 
Congresses,  and  served  from  March  4,  1817,  to 
December  26,  1839,  when  he  resigned;  died  in 
Howard,  Va.,  May  4,  1858;  interment  in  Leesburg, 
Va. 

Mercer,  David  Henry,  a  Representative  from 
Nebraska;  born  in  Benton  county,  Iowa,  July  9, 
1857;  moved  with  his  parents  to  Adams  county, 
111.,  in  1858;  at  close  of  the  war  moved  with  his 
parents  to  Brown ville,  Nebr.,  where  he  attended 
the  public  schools,  and  was  graduated  from  the 
Nebraska  state  university  in  1880;  was  graduated 
from  the  law  department  of  Michigan  state  univer- 
sity in  1882;  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  com- 
menced practice  in  Brownyille,  Nebr. ;  served  one 
term  as  city  clerk  and  police  judge;  twice  elected 
secretary  of  the  Republican  state  central  committee; 
moved  to  Omaha  in  1885,  and  for  several  years  was 
chairman  of  the  Republican  city  and  county  com- 
mittees; elected  secretary  of  the  Republican  na- 
tional congressional  committee  in  1896;  in  1897- 
1898  was  chairman  of  the  Republican  state  central 
committee  of  Nebraska;  elected  as  a  Republican 
to  the  Fifty-third,  and  to  the  four  succeeding  Con- 
gresses (March  4, 1893-March  3,  1903);  unsuccessful 
candidate  for  reelection  to  the  Fifty-eighth  Con- 
gress; located  in  Washington,  D.  C. 

Mercer,  James,  a  Delegate  from  Virginia; 
born  in  Marlboro,  Va.,  February  26,  1736;  was 
graduated  from  William  and  Mary  college  in 
1767;  active  in  pre-Revolutionary  affairs,  and  a 
captain  in  the  French  and  Indian  wars;  commander 
of  Fort  Loudoun,  Winchester,  Va.,  in  1756;  a 
representative  in  the  Virginia  house  of  burgesses 
in  1765;  member  of  Virginia  conventions  of  1775; 
member  of  state  constitutional  convention  of  May, 
1776;  member  of  the  committee  of  public  safety 
1775-1776;  Delegate  in  the  Continental  Congress 
1779-1780;  judge  of  admiralty  in  1780;  judge  of  the 
Virginia  court  of  appeals  1789,  and  served  until 
his  death  in  Richmond,  Va.,  October  31,  1793. 

Mercer,  John  Francis,  a  Delegate  from  Vir- 
ginia and  a  Representative  from  Maryland ;  born  in 
Marlboro,  Frederick  county,  Va.,  May  17,  1759; 
was  graduated  from  William  and  Mary  college  in 
1775;  entered  the  Revolutionary  army  as  lieutenant 
in  the  third  Virginia  regiment;  wounded  at  the 
battle  of  Brandy  wine;  promoted  to  captain  of  the 
regiment  in  1777,  and  was  aid  de  camp  to  Gen. 
Charles  Lee  1778-1779;  lieutenant  colonel  of  Vir- 
ginia cavalry;  Delegate  from  Virginia  in  the  Con- 
tinental Congress  1782-1785;  moved  to  West  River, 
Arundel  county,  Md.;  delegate  from  Maryland  to 
the  Federal  constitutional  convention;  represent- 
ative in  the  state  assembly  for  several  sessions; 
elected  a  Representative  to  the  Second  Congress, 
to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  the  resignation  of  William 
Pinkney;  reelected  to  the  Third  Congress,  and 
served  from  February  6, 1792,  until  his  resignation, 
April  13,  1794;  member  of  the  state  house  of  repre- 
sentatives; governor  of  Maryland  1801-1803;  again  a 
member  of  the  state  legislature;  died  in  Philadel- 
phia, Pa.,  August  30,  1821. 

Mercur,  TJlysses,  a  Representative  from  Penn- 
sylvania; born  in  Towanda,  Pa.,  August  12,  1818; 
was  graduated  from  Jefferson  college,  Canonsburg, 
Pa.,  in  1842;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar, 
and  commenced  practice  in  Towanda  in  1843; 


BIOGRAPHIES. 


859 


delegate  in  the  Republican  national  convention 
of  1856;  presidential  elector  in  1860;  president- 
judge  of  the  thirteenth  judicial  district  of  Penn- 
sylvania from  1861  until  March  4,  1865,  when  he 
resigned;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Thirty- 
ninth,  Fortieth,  Forty-first,  and  Forty-second 
Congresses,  and  served  from  March  4,  1865,  until 
his  resignation,  December  2,  1872;  associate  justice 
of  the  supreme  court  of  Pennsylvania  in  1872- 
1883,  and  chief  justice  1883  until  his  death  in  Wal- 
lingford,  Pa.,  June  6,  1887. 

Meredith,  Elisha  Edward,  a  Representative 
from  Virginia;  born  in  Sumter  county,  Ala., 
December  26,  1848;  attended  Hampden-Sydney 
college,  Virginia;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1869; 
prosecuting  attorney  for  Prince  William  county 
seventeen  years;  member  of  the  senate  of  Virginia 
from  1883  to  1887;  presidential  elector  in  1888; 
elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Fifty-second  Con- 
gress, to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  the  death  of  William 
H.  F.  Lee;  reelected  to  the  Fifty-third  and  Fifty- 
fourth  Congresses,  and  served  from  December  7, 
1891,  to  March  3, 1895;  resumed  the  practice  of  law; 
died  in  Manassas,  Va.,  July  29,  1900. 

Meredith,  Samuel,  a  Delegate  from  Penn- 
sylvania; born  in  Philadelphia,  Pa.,  in  1741; 
attended  Dr.  Allison's  academy  in  Philadelphia; 
engaged  in  mercantile  pursuits;  member  pt  the 
colonial  legislature;  active  in  ante-Revolutionary 
affairs;  served  in  the  Revolutionary  war,  as  major 
and  lieutenant  colonel  of  the  third  battalion  of 
associators  in  1776;  brigadier  general  of  Pennsyl- 
vania militia  April  5,  1777,  "for  gallant  services 
in  the  battles  of  Brandy  wine  and  Germantown;" 
resigned  in  1778;  member  of  the  Pennsylvania  as- 
sembly; Delegate  in  the  Continental  Congress  1787- 
1788;  surveyor  of  the  port  of  Philadelphia;  was  the 
first  United  States  Treasurer,  appointed  September 
1 1, 1789,  and  served  until  his  resignation,  December 
1,  1801;  retired  to  his  country  home,  "Belmont 
Manor,"  near  Pleasant  Mount,  Wayne  county,  Pa. ; 
died  in  Belmont,  Pa.,  March  10,  1817. 

Meriwether,  David,  a  Senator  from  Kentucky; 
born  in  Louisa  county,  Va.,  October  30,  1800; 
attended  the  common  schools;  engaged  in  fur  trad- 
ing near  Council  Bluffs,  Iowa;  became  a  farmer  in 
Kentucky;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar, 
and  practiced  in  Kentucky;  in  1832  elected  a  mem- 
ber of  the  state  house  of  representatives  and  served 
for  thirteen  terms;  delegate  in  the  state  constitu- 
tional convention  of  1849;  secretary  of  state  of 
Kentucky;  appointed  to  the  United  States  Senate, 
to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  the  death  of  Henry  Clay, 
and  served  from  July  6,  1852,  until  September  1, 
1852;  governor  of  New  Mexico  May  6,  1853,  to 
January  5,  1855;  representative  in  the  Kentucky 
legislature  1858-1885,  and  served  as  speaker  of  the 
house  in  1859;  died  near  Louisville,  Ky..  April  4. 
1893. 

Meriwether,  David,  a  Representative  from 
Georgia;  born  in  Albemarle  county,  Va.,  in 
1755;  completed  preparatory  studies;  served  in  the 
Revolutionary  war  as  a  lieutenant  under  Gen. 
Washington,  and  was  present  with  Virginia  troops 
at  the  last  siege  of  Savannah,  Ga. ;  brigadier  general 
of  state  militia  September  21,  1797;  located  in 
Wilkes  county,  Ga.,  in  1785,  and  represented  that 
county  in  the  Georgia  legislature  for  several  terms, 
and  was  speaker  of  the  house  1797-1800;  elected 
as  a  Democrat  to  the  Seventh  Congress,  to  fill 
vacancy  caused  by  the  resignation  of  Benjamin 
Taliaferro;  reelected  to  the  Eighth  and  Ninth 


Congresses,  and  served  from  December  6,  1802,  to 
March  3,  1807 ;  retired  to  his  plantation  near  Athens 
Ga. ;  appointed  a  commissioner  to  the  Creek  Indians 
in  1804,  and  repeatedly  reappointed  to  treat  with 
other  tribes;  presidential  elector  in  1817  and  1821; 
died  near  Athens,  Ga.,  November  16,  1822. 

Meriwether,  James,  a  Representative  from 
Georgia;  born  in  Wilkes  county,  Ga.;  attended  the 
common  schools;  participated  in  the  Revolutionary 
war  and  attained  the  rank  of  major;  was  a  commis- 
sioner in  the  making  of  one  of  the  Indian  treaties; 
elected  to  the  Nineteenth  Congress  (March  4, 1825- 
March  3,  1827). 

Meriwether,  James  A. ,  a  Representative  from 
Georgia;  native  of  that  state;  received  an  excellent 
schooling;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar, 
and  practiced  in  Eatonton,  Ga.;  representative  in 
the  state  legislature;  judge  of  the  superior  court 
for  the  Eatonton  district;  elected  as  a  Whig  to  the 
Twenty-seventh  Congress  (March  4,  1841-March  3, 
1843);  again  a  member  of  the  state  house  of  repre- 
sentatives, and  its  speaker  until  his  death  in 
Eatonton,  Ga.,  in  1856. 

Merriam,  Clinton  Levi,  a  Representative  from 
New  York;  born  in  Leyden,  N.  Y.,  March  25,  1824; 
completed  preparatory  studies;  engaged  in  mercan- 
tile pursuits  in  northern  New  York;  moved  to  New 
York  City  in  1847,  and  became  an  importer,  and  in 
1860  entered  the  banking  business;  returned  to 
Leyden  in  1864;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the 
Forty-second  and  Forty-third  Congresses  (March  4, 
1871-March  3,  1875);  died  in  Washington,  D.  C., 
February  18,  1900. 

Merrick,  William  Duhurst,  a  Senator  from 
Maryland;  born  in  Annapolis,  Md.,  October  25, 
1793;  completed  preparatory  studies,  and  was 
graduated  from  Georgetown  university,  Washing- 
ton, D.  C.;  held  several  local  offices;  served  in  the 
war  of  1812;  returned  to  his  home  in  Charles 
county,  Md.;  register  of  wills  of  Charles  county 
1825-1832;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar 
and  practiced  in  Port  Tobacco,  Md.,  several  years; 
member  of  the  state  legislature  two  terms;  elected 
as  a  Whig  to  the  United  States  Senate,  to  fill  va- 
cancy caused  by  the  death  of  Joseph  Kent;  re- 
elected  and  served  from  January  4,  1838,  to  March 

3,  1845;  member  of  the  state  constitutional  con- 
vention of  1850;  again  elected  to  the  legislature; 
died  in  Washington,  D.  C.,  February,  5,  1857. 

Merrick,  William  Matthew,  a  Representative 
from  Maryland;  born  in  Charles  county,  Md.,  Sep- 
tember 1,  1818;  was  graduated  from  Georgetown 
university  in  1831 ;  studied  law  in  the  University  of 
Virginia,  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  Baltimore  in 
1839,  and  commenced  practice  in  Frederick,  Md., 
in  1844;  deputy  attorney  general  for  Frederick 
county  1845-1850;  moved  to  Washington,  D.  C.,  in 
1854;  associate  justice  of  the  United  States  circuit 
court  for  the  District  of  Columbia  1854-1863;  re- 
sumed the  practice  of  law  in  Maryland ;  professor  of 
law  in  Columbian  college  1866-1867 ;  delegate  in  the 
state  constitutional  convention  of  1867;  member  of 
the  state  house  of  representatives  in  1870;  elected 
as  a  Democrat  to  the  Forty-second  Congress  (March 

4,  1871-March  3,  1873);  unsuccessful  candidate  for 
reelection  to  the  Forty-third  Congress;  associate 
judge  of  the  supreme  court  of  the  District  of  Colum- 
bia in  1885-1889;  died  in  Washington,  D.  C.,  Feb- 
ruary 4,  1889. 

Merrill,  Orsamus  C.,  a  Representative  from 
Vermont;  born  in  Farmington,  Conn.,  June  18, 


860 


CONGRESSIONAL   DIRECTORY. 


1775;  completed  preparatory  studies;  moved  to 
Bennington,  Vt.,  in  April,  1791;  studied  law,  was 
admitted  to  the  bar  in  June,  1804;  served  in  the 
war  of  1812;  major  in  the  eleventh  United  States 
infantry  March  3,  1813;  lieutenant  colonel  of  the 
twenty-sixth  infantry,  serving  as  rifleman,  Sep- 
tember 4,  1814;  transferred  back  to  the  eleventh 
infantry  as  lieutenant  colonel  September  26,  1814; 
honorably  discharged  June  15,  1815;  held  several 
local  offices;  register  of  probate  in  1815;  clerk  of  the 
courts  in  1816;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Fif- 
teenth Congress  (March  4, 1817-March  3, 1819);  pre- 
sented credentials  as  a  Member-elect  to  the  Six- 
teenth Congress,  and  served  until  January  14,  1820, 
when  he  was  succeeded  by  Rollin  C.  Mallory,  who 
contested  his  election;  representative  in  the  state 
constitutional  convention  of  1822,  and  member  of 
the  general  assembly  the  same  year;  judge  of  the 
probate  court  1822,  1841-1842,  and  1846;  state's 
attorney  1823-1824;  councilor  1824-1826;  member 
of  the  first  state  senate;  postmaster  of  Bennington 
several  years;  died  in  Bennington,  Vt.,  April  12, 
1865. 

Merriman,  Truman  Adams,  a  Representative 
from  New  York;  born  in  Auburn,  N.  Y.,  September 
5,  1839;  attended  the  Auburn  academy,  and  was 
graduated  from  Hobart  college,  Geneva,  N.  Y.,  in 
1861;  entered  the  Union  army  in  September,  1861, 
as  captain  in  the  ninety-second  New  York  infantry, 
and  was  mustered  out  as  a  lieutenant-colonel  in 
December,  1864;  studied  law,  and  was  admitted 
to  the  bar  in  1867;  moved  to  New  York  City  and 
entered  the  profession  of  journalism  in  1871;  presi- 
dent of  the  New  York  press  club  1882,  1883,  and 
1884;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Forty-ninth  and 
Fiftieth  Congresses  (March  4,  1885-March  3, 1889); 
died  in  New  York  City  April  16, 1892;  interment  in 
Fort  Hill  cemetery,  Auburn,  N.  Y. 

Merrimon,  Augustus  Summerneld,  a  Senator 
from  North  Carolina;  born  in  Buncombe  county, 
N.  C.,  September  15,  1830;  attended  the  common 
schools;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and 
commenced  practice  in  1852;  county  attorney  of 
Buncombe  and  other  counties  in  western  North 
Carolina;  member  of  the  state  legislature  1860-1861 ; 
entered  the  Confederate  army,  and  was  captain  on 
the  staff  of  Col.  William  Johnston;  resigned  in 
the  fall  of  1861;  solicitor  for  the  eighth  judicial  dis- 
trict of  North  Carolina  1861-1865;  judge  of  the 
superior  court,  1866-^1867,  when  he  resigned ;  located 
in  Raleigh,  N.  C.,  in  1867  and  practiced  law;  de- 
clined the  Democratic  nomination  for  governor  in 
1868,  and  defeated  for  associate  justice  of  the  state 
supreme  court  the  same  year;  defeated  for  governor 
in  1872;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  United  States 
Senate,  and  served  from  March  4, 1873,  to  March  3, 
1879;  elected  associate  judge  of  the  supreme  court 
of  North  Carolina  1883-1889;  chief  justice  from 
1889  until  his  death  in  Raleigh,  N.  C.,  November 
14,  1892. 

Merritt,  'Samuel  A.,  a  Delegate  from  Idaho 
territory;  born  in  Staunton,  Va.,  August  15,  1828; 
attended  Staunton  academy,  and  was  graduated 
from  Washington  college  June  18,  1848;  studied 
law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  practiced;  moved 
to  California;  county  clerk  in  1850;  member  of  the 
state  house  of  representatives  1851-1852;  state 
senator  1857-1862;  moved  to  Idaho;  elected  a  Dele- 
gate to  the  Forty-second  Congress  as  a  Democrat 
(March  4,  1871-March  3,  1873). 

Merwin,  Orange,  a  Representative  from  Con- 
necticut; born  in  NewMilford,  Conn.,  April  7, 1777; 


completed  preparatory  course;  member  of  the 
general  assembly  of  Connecticut  1815-1820;  unsuc- 
cessful candidate  for  lieutenant  governor  of  Con- 
necticut; elected  to  the  Nineteenth  and  Twentieth 
Congresses  (March  4,  1825-March  3,  1829);  died  in 
New  Milford,  Conn.,  September  4,  1853. 

Mesick,  William  Smith,  a  Representative  from 
Michigan;  born  in  Newark,  Wayne  county,  N.  Y., 
August  26,  1856;  attended  the  common  schools, 
Kalamazoo  (Mich.)  business  college,  and  the  Uni- 
versity of  Michigan;  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1881, 
and  began  practice  in  Mancelona,  Mich.;  prose- 
cuting attorney  of  Antrim  county,  Mich.,  for  one 
term;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Fifty -fifth  and 
Fifty-sixth  Congresses  (March  4,  1897-March  3, 
1901);  resumed  the  practice  of  law  in  Mancelona; 
located  in  Petoskey,  Mich.,  and  engaged  in  the 
practice  of  law. 

Metcalf ,  Arunah,  a  Representative  from  New 
York;  born  August  15,  1771;  attended  the  public 
schools;  located  in  Otsego,  N.  Y.;  elected  as  a  Dem- 
ocrat to  the  Twelfth  Congress  (March  4, 1811-March 
3,  1813);  member  of  the  state  house  of  representa- 
tives 1814-1816  and  in  1828;  died  in  Cooperstown, 
N.  Y.,  August  15,  1848. 

Metcalf,  Victor  Howard,  a  Representative 
from  California;  born  in  Utica,  Oneida  county, 
N.  Y.,  October  10,  1853;  was  graduated  from  the 
Utica  free  academy  and  from  Russell's  military 
academy,  New  Haven,  Conn.;  was  graduated  from 
the  Yale  law  school  in  1876,  and  was  admitted  to 
the  bar  in  June,  1876,  and  practiced  in  Utica,  N.  Y., 
for  two  years;  moved  to  California,  and  located  in 
Oakland  in  1879;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the 
Fifty-sixth,  Fifty-seventh,  and  Fifty-eighth  Con- 
gresses, and  served  from  March  4,  1899,  until  his 
resignation  July  1,  1904;  appointed  by  President 
Roosevelt  Secretary  of  Commerce  and  Labor,  and 
served  from  July  1,  1904,  to  March  4,  1909. 

Metcalfe,  Henry  Bleecker,  a  Representative 
from  New  York;  born  in  Albany,  N.  Y.,  January  20, 
1805;  moved  to  New  York  City  in  1811,  and  to 
Richmond  county  in  1816;  studied  law,  was  ad- 
mitted to  the  bar,  and  commenced  practice  in  New 
York  City  in  1826;  county  attorney  of  Richmond 
county  1826-1832;  county  judge  1840-1841,  when  he 
resigned;  again  county  judge  1847-1875;  elected  as 
a  Democrat  to  the  Forty-fourth  Congress  (March  4, 
1875-March  3,  1877);  died  in  Richmond,  Staten 
Island,  N.  Y.,  February  7,  1881. 

Metcalfe,  Lyne  Shackelford,  a  Representative 
from  Missouri;  born  in  Madisonville,  Ky.,  April  21, 
1822;  attended  the  common  schools;  Shurtleff  and 
Illinois  colleges;  engaged  in  mercantile  business  in 
Alton,  111.,  in  1844;  alderman  and  mayor;  served 
in  the  Union  army;  moved  to  St.  Louis,  Mo.,  in 
1863;  engaged  in  manufacturing;  served  in  the  city 
council;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Forty-fifth 
Congress  (March  4,  1877-March  3,  1879);  died  in 
Kirkwood,  Mo.,  January  31,  1906. 

Metcalfe,  Thomas,  a  Representative  and  a  Sen- 
ator from  Kentucky;  born  in  Fauquier  county,  Va., 
March  20,  1780;  moved  with  his  parents  to  Fayette 
county,  Ky.;  attended  the  common  schools; 
learned  the  mason's  trade;  served  in  the  war  of 
1812;  member  of  the  state  house  of  representatives 
1812-1816;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Sixteenth, 
Seventeenth,  Eighteenth,  Nineteenth,  and  Twen- 
tieth Congresses,  and  served  from  March  4,  1819, 
until  his  resignation  June  1, 1828;  governor  of  Ken- 


BIOGRAPHIES. 


861 


tucky  1829-1833;  elected  to  the  state  senate  in 
1834;  president  of  the  board  of  internal  improve- 
ments in  1840;  appointed  and  subsequently  elected 
to  the  United  States  Senate,  to  fill  vacancy  caused 
by  the  resignation  of  John  J.  Crittenden,  and  served 
from  June  23,  1848,  to  March  3,  1849;  died  in 
Nicholas  county,  Ky.,  August  18,  1855. 

Meyer,  Adolph,  a  Representative  from  Louisi- 
ana; born  October  19,1842;  attended  the  Univer- 
sity of  Virginia  until  1862;  enlisted  in  the  Con- 
federate army  and  served  until  the  close  of  the 
war  on  the  staff  of  Brig.  Gen.  John  S.  Wil- 
liams, of  Kentucky,  and  attained  the  rank  of 
assistant  adjutant  general;  at  the  close  of  the  war 
returned  to  Louisiana  and  engaged  in  the  culture 
of  cotton  and  sugar;  also  engaged  in  merchandising 
and  banking  in  the  city  of  New  Orleans;  colonel  of 
the  first  regiment  of  Louisiana  state  national  guard, 
and  in  1881  brigadier  general  to  command  the  first 
brigade,  embracing  all  the  uniformed  corps  of  the 
State;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Fifty-second, 
and  to  the  eight  succeeding  Congresses,  and  served 
from  March  4, 1891,  until  his  death  in  New  Orleans, 
La.,  March  8,  1908. 

Meyers,  Benjamin  Franklin,  a  Representa- 
tive from  Pennsylvania;  born  near  New  Center- 
ville,  Somerset  county,  Pa.,  July  6,  1833;  attended 
the  Somerset  and  Jefferson  colleges;  studied  law, 
was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced  practice 
in  1855;  member  of  the  state  legislature  in  1864; 
delegate  in  the  Democratic  national  convention  of 
1864;  editor  of  the  Bedford  Gazette,  and  in  1868  of 
the  Harrisburg  Daily  Patriot;  elected  as  a  Demo- 
crat to  the  Forty-second  Congress  (March  4,  1871- 
March  3,  1873);  unsuccessful  candidate  for  reelec- 
tion to  the  Forty-third  Congress;  postmaster  of  Har- 
risburg, Pa.,  1886-1891;  editor  of  the  Daily  Star, 
Harrisburg,  Pa. 

Michalek,  Anthony,  a  Representative  from 
Illinois;  born  in  Radbanov,  Bohemia,  January  16, 
1878;  came  with  parents  to  the  United  States  and 
located  in  Chicago,  111.;  attended  the  common 
schools;  a  bookkeeper  by  occupation;  was  the  first 
man  of  Bohemian  blood  in  America  elected  to 
Congress;  was  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Fifty- 
ninth  Congress  (March  4,  1905-March  3,  1907); 
president  and  manager  of  the  musical  conserva- 
tory, Chicago,  111. 

Mickey,  J.  Boss,  a  Representative  from  Illi- 
nois; born  January  5,  1856,'  in  Eldorado  township, 
McDonough  county,  111.;  attended  the  public 
schools  and  Lincoln  university;  taught  m  the 
public  schools  for  a  number  of  years;  read  law, 
was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1889,  and  engaged  in 

6-actice  in  Macomb,  111.,  until  1898;  judge  of 
cDonough  county  for  a  term  of  four  years;  re- 
signed February  22,  1901;  elected  as  a  Democrat 
to  the  Fifty-seventh  Congress  (March  4,  1901- 
March  3,  1903);  declined  a  renomination;  resumed 
the  practice  of  law  in  Macomb,  111. 

Middleswarth,  Ner,  a  Representative  from 
Pennsylvania;  born  in  New  Jersey  December  12, 
1783;  completed  preparatory  studies;  moved  to 
Beavertown,  Pa.;  member  of  the  state  house  of 
representatives,  and  served  as  speaker  two  terms; 
elected  as  a  Whig  to  the  Thirty-third  Congress 
(March  4,  1853-March  3,  1855);  died  in  Beaver- 
town,  Pa.,  June  2,  1865. 

Middleton,  Arthur,  a  Delegate  from  South 
Carolina;  born  in  Middelton  Place,  on  the  Ashley 


river,  S.  C.,  June  26,  1742;  attended  Harrow 
school,  Westminster  school,  and  was  graduated 
from  Cambridge  university  (England)  in  1764; 
member  of  the  house  of  commons  1765-1775;  be- 
came a  planter  in  1773;  one  of  the  council  of 
safety  in  1775  and  delegate  to  form  a  state  consti- 
tution in  1776;  Delegate  in  the  Continental  Con- 
gress 1776-1778  and  1781-1783;  a  signer  of  the  Decla- 
ration of  Independence;  served  in  the  Revolu- 
tionary war;  held  a  prisoner  by  the  British  1780- 
1781;  served  in  the  state  legislature  until  his  death, 
in  Goose  Creek,  S.  C.,  January  1,  1787. 

Middleton,  George,  a  Representative  from 
New  Jersey;  born  in  Philadelphia,  Pa.,  October 
14,  1809;  moved  to  Burlington,  N.  J.;  attended  the 
public  schools;  became  a  tanner;  moved  to  Allen- 
town;  held  several  local  offices;  member  of  the 
state  house  of  representatives;  elected  as  a  Demo- 
crat to  the  Thirty-eighth  Congress  (March  4,  1863- 
March  3,  1865);  unsuccessful  candidate  for  re- 
election to  the  Thirty-ninth  Congress;  died  in 
Allen  town,  Monmouth  county,  N.  J.,  December 
31,  1888. 

Middleton,  Henry,  a  Delegate  from  South  Caro- 
lina; born  in  that  state  in  1717;  member  of  the 
house  of  commons  of  South  Carolina  1745-1747, 
and  served  as  speaker;  commissioner  of  Indian 
affairs  in  1755;  member  of  the  South  Carolina 
council,  1755-1770,  until  his  resignation;  colonel 
of  a  provisional  regiment  in  the  war  with  Cherokee 
Indians  1760-1761;  delegate  in  the  Continental 
Congress  1774-1776,  and  president  of  the  body  from 
October  22,  1774,  to  May  10,  1775;  resigned  from 
Congress  in  1776;  president  of  the  provincial  con- 
gress of  South  Carolina  in  1776,  and  received  the 
thanks  of  that  body  for  his  services  in  the  cause  of 
liberty;  member  of  the  council  of  safety;  interested 
in  agricultural  pursuits  at  his  estate,  Middleton 
Place,  S.  C.;  died  in  Charleston,  S.  C.,  June  13, 
1784. 

Middleton,  Henry,  a  Representative  from 
South  Carolina;  born  in  London,  England,  Sep- 
tember 28,  1770;  pursued  classical  studies;  came  to 
the  United  States  and  located  at  Middleton  Place 
on  the  Ashley  river,  S.  C.;  elected  to  the  house 
of  representatives  of  South  Carolina,  and  member 
of  the  state  senate  1801-1810;  governor  of  South 
Carolina  1810-1812;  elected  to  the  Fourteenth  and 
Fifteenth  Congresses  (March  4,  1815-March  3, 
1819);  minister  to  Russia  April  6,  1820,  to  August 
3,  1830;  leader  of  the  Union  party  of  South 
Carolina,  and  member  of  the  Union  convention 
of  1833;  died  in  Charleston,  S.  C.,  June  14,  1846. 

Miers,  Robert  Walter,  a  Representative  from 
Indiana;  born  near  Greensburg,  Decatur  county, 
Ind.,  January  27,  1848;  was  graduated  from  the  lit- 
erary and  law  departments  of  Indiana  university; 
was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  April,  1872,  and  com- 
menced practice  in  Bloomington,  Ind.;  prose- 
cuting attorney  for  the  tenth  judicial  circuit  of 
Indiana  in  1875  and  reelected  in  1877;  elected  to 
the  Indiana  house  of  representatives  in  1879; 
trustee  of  the  Indiana  university  1881-1893;  ap- 
pointed judge  of  the  tenth  judicial  circuit  of 
Indiana  in  1883  to  fill  an  unexpired  term;  unsuc- 
cessful nominee  for  secretary  of  state  in  1886,  and 
in  1888;  elected  judge  of  the  tenth  circuit  in  1890, 
and  served  until  September,  1896,  when  he  re- 
signed; elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Fifty -fifth, 
Fifty-sixth,  Fifty-seventh,  and  Fifty-eighth  Con- 
gresses (March  4,  1897-March  3,  1905);  resumed  the 
practice  of  law  in  Bloomington,  Ind. 


862 


CONGRESSIONAL   DIRECTORY. 


Mifflin,  Thomas,  a  Delegate  from  Pennsylvania; 
born  in  Philadelphia,  Pa.,  1744;  was  graduated 
from  the  University  of  Pennsylvania  in  1760; 
member  of  the  colonial  legislature  1772-1774; 
trustee  of  the  University  of  Pennsylvania  1778- 
1791;  member  of  American  philosophical  society 
1765-1799;  Delegate  in  the  Continental  Congress 
1774-1776  and  1782-1784;  assisted  in  organizing 
troops  and  in  training  them  for  service  in  the  Con- 
tinental army;  major  and  chief  aid-de-camp  to 
Gen.  Washington  July  4,  1775;  major  and  quar- 
termaster general  of  the  Continental  army  August 
14,  1775;  colonel  December  22,  1775;  brigadier 
general  May  16,  1776;  major  general  February  19, 
1777;  resigned  as  quartermaster  general  Novem- 
ber 7,  1777,  but  continued  in  the  performance  of 
that  duty  to  December  8,  1777;  member  of  board 
of  war  November  7, 1777;  resigned  as  major  general 
February  25,  1779;  in  January,  1780,  appointed  a 
member  of  a  special  board  to  consider  general  ex- 
penses, and  was  given  the  thanks  of  Congress  for 
the  "wise  and  salutary  plans  recommended;" 
served  as  speaker  of  the  state  house  of  representa- 
tives 1785-1788;  delegate  in  the  federal  constitu- 
tional convention  of  1787;  president  of  the  supreme 
executive  council  of  Pennsylvania  October,  1788, 
to  October,  1790;  president  of  the  state  constitu- 
tional convention  of  1790;  governor  of  Pennsyl- 
vania 1790-1799;  again  a  state  representative  1799- 
1800;  died  in  Lancaster,  Pa.,  January  20,  1800. 

Miles,  Frederick,  a  Representative  from  Con- 
necticut; born  in  Goshen,  Litchfield  county, 
Conn.,  December  19,  1815;  attended  the  common 
schools  and  pursued  an  academic  course;  engaged 
in  mercantile  pursuits  in  Goshen  until  1857; 
moved  to  Chapinville,  in  Salisbury,  in  1858,  and 
engaged  in  the  manufacture  of  iron;  elected  in 
1877  to  the  state  senate  of  Connecticut  for  two 
years,  and  resigned  in  February,  1879;  elected  as  a 
Republican  to  the  Forty-sixth  and  Forty-seventh 
Congresses  (March  4,  1879-March  3,  1883);  declined 
nomination  for  reelection;  reelected  to  the  Fifty- 
first  Congress  (March  4,  1889-March  3,  1891);  died 
near  Salisbury,  Conn.,  November  20,  1896. 

Miles,  Joshua  Weldon,  a  Representative  from 
Maryland;  bom  on  his  father's  farm  on  the  Great 
Annamessex  river,  in  Somerset  county,  Md., 
December  9,  1858;  attended  private  school  and 
Marion  academy;  was  graduated  from  Western 
Maryland  college  in  1878;  studied  law  and  was 
admitted  to  the  bar  in  July,  1880;  state  attorney  of 
Somerset  county  in  1883;  unsuccessful  candidate 
for  reelection;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Fifty- 
fourth  Congress  (March  4,  1895-March  3,  1897); 
delegate  at  large  in  the  Democratic  national  con- 
vention of  1900;  engaged  in  the  practice  of  law  in 
Princess  Anne,  Md. 

Miles,  William  Porcher,  a  Representative  from 
South  Carolina;  born  in  Charleston,  S.  C.,  July  4, 
1822;  attended  Wellington  school  in  Charleston,  and 
was  graduated  from  Charleston  college  in  1842 ;  stud- 
ied law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced 
practiced  in  Charleston;  mayor  of  Charleston  1856- 
1857 ;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Thirty-fifth  and 
Thirty-sixth  Congresses,  and  served  from  March  4, 
1857,  until  the  secession  of  South  Carolina;  was  a 
representative  from  South  Carolina  to  the  Confed- 
erate provisional  congress  in  Montgomery,  Ala.,  in 
February,  1861;  served  in  the  Confederate  congress 
from  February,  1862,  to  March,  1864;  colonel  on 
the  staff  of  Gen.  Beauregard;  president  of  the  Col- 
lege of  South  Carolina  1880-1882;  died  in  Burn- 
side,  La.,  May  11,  1899. 


Millard,  Joseph  Hopkins,  a  Senator  from 
Nebraska;  born  in  Hamilton,  Canada,  April  20, 
1836;  moved  with  his  parents  to  Iowa,  and  located 
near  Sabula,  Jackson  county;  moved  to  Omaha  in 
1856;  engaged  in  the  land  business  and  later  in 
banking;  served  one  term  as  mayor  of  Omaha;  for 
six  years  director  of  the  Union  Pacific  railroad 
company;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  United 
States  Senate,  and  served  from  March  4,  1901, 
until  March  3,  1907;  resumed  banking  business  in 
Omaha,  Nebr. 

Millard,  Stephen  C.,  a  Representative  from 
New  York;  born  in  Stamford,  Vt.,  January  14, 1841 ; 
was  graduated  from  Williams  college,  Mass.,  in 
1865;  attended  Harvard  law  school,  and  was  ad- 
mitted to  the  bar  of  the  state  of  New  York  in  May, 
1867,  in  Binghamton;  chairman  of  the  Republican 
county  committee  1872-1879;  elected  as  a  Repub- 
lican to  the  Forty-eighth  and  Forty-ninth  Con- 
gresses (March  4,  1883-March  3,  1887);  resumed 
the  practice  of  law  in  Binghamton,  N.  Y. 

Milledge,  John,  a  Representative  and  a  Sen- 
ator from  Georgia;  born  in  Savannah,  Ga.,  in  1757; 
completed  preparatory  studies;  studied  law; 
served  in  the  Revolutionary  war,  and  was  one  of 
the  patriots  who  rifled  the  powder  magazine  in 
Savannah,  and  thus  furnished  powder  that  was 
subsequently  used  by  Continental  soldiers  at  the 
battle  of  Bunker  Hill;  attorney  general  of  Georgia 
in  1870;  member  of  the  state  legislature;  elected 
to  the  Second  Congress,  to  fill  the  vacancy 
caused  by  declaring  the  seat  of  Anthony  Wayne 
vacant,  and  served  from  November  22,  1792,  to 
March  3,  1793;  reelected  to  the  Fourth  and  Fifth 
Congresses  (March  4,  1795-March  3,  1799);  again 
elected  to  the  Seventh  Congress,  and  served  from 
March  4,  1801,  until  his  resignation  in  May,  1802; 
governor  of  Georgia  1802-1806;  elected  to  the 
United  States  Senate,  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by 
the  death  of  James  Jackson;  reelected,  and  served 
from  June  19,  1806,  until  his  resignation,  Novem- 
ber 14,  1809;  died  in  Sand  Hill,  Ga.,  February  9, 
1818. 

Millen,  John,  a  Representative  from  Georgia; 
born  in  Savannah,  Ga.,  in  1804;  completed  prepar- 
atory studies;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the 
bar,  and  practiced  in  Savannah  many  years;  sev- 
eral times  a  member  of  the  state  legislature; 
elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Twenty-eighth  Con- 
gress, and  served  from  March  4,  1843,  until  his 
death  in  Savannah,  Ga.,  October  15,  1843. 

Miller,  Clarence  Benjamin,  a  Representative 
from  Minnesota;  born  in  Goodhue  county,  Minn., 
March  13,  1872;  attended  the  country  school,  high 
school,  and  the  Minneapolis  academy;  was  grad- 
uated from  the  University  of  Minnesota  in  1895, 
and  from  the  law  department  of  the  same  institu- 
tion in  1900;  superintendent  of  public  schools  of 
Rushford,  Minn.,  1895-1898;  practiced  law  in 
Duluth,  Minn.;  member  of  the  Minnesota  legisla- 
ture in  1907;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Sixty- 
first  Congress  (March  4,  1909-March  3,  1911). 
Reelected  to  the  Sixty-second  Congress. 

Miller,  Daniel  F.,  a  Representative  from  Iowa; 
was  born  in  Allegany  county,  Md.,  October  4,  1841; 
pursued  an  academic  course;  studied  law  in  Pitts- 
burgh, Pa.,  and  commenced  practice  in  1839  in 
Iowa;  unsuccessfully  contested  the  election  of 
William  H.  Thompston  to  the  Thirty-first  Con- 
gress and  the  seat  was  declared  vacant;  subse- 
sequently  elected  as  a  Whig  to  the  Thirty-first 


BIOGKAPHIES. 


863 


Congress,  and  served  from  December  20,  1850,  to 
March  3,  1851;  presidential  elector  on  the  Repub- 
lican ticket  of  1856. 

Miller,  Daniel  H.,  a  Representative  from  Penn- 
sylvania; was  a  native  of  Philadelphia,  Pa. ;  elected 
as  a  Jackson  Democrat  to  the  Eighteenth,  Nine- 
teenth, Twentieth,  and  Twenty-first  Congresses 
(March  4,  1825-March  3,  1831);  died  in  Philadel- 
phia, Pa.,  in  1846. 

Miller,  George  Funston,  a  Representative 
from  Pennsylvania;  born  in  Chillisquaque  town- 
ship, Northumberland  county,  Pa.,  September  5, 
1809;  attended  the  academy  in  Milton,  Pa. ;  taught 
school;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and 
practiced  in  Lewisburg;  secretary  of  the  Lewisburg 
university  1848-1864;  elected  as  a  Republican  to 
the  Thirty-ninth  and  Fortieth  Congresses  (March 

4,  1865-March  3,  1869);  died  in  Lewisburg,  Pa., 
October  21,  1888. 

Miller,  Homer  Virgil  Milton,  a  Senator  from 
Georgia;  born  in  Pendleton  district,  S.  C.,  April 
29,  1814;  moved  with  his  parents  to  Rabun  county, 
Ga.,  in  1820;  attended  the  common  schools;  was 
graduated  from  the  medical  college  of  South  Car- 
olina in  1835;  and  commenced  practice  in  Cass- 
ville,  Ga.,  in  1838;  served  in  the  Confederate  army 
as  surgeon  in  the  eighth  Georgia  infantry  and 
subsequently  as  brigade  and  division  surgeon 
in  Virginia,  with  Gen.  Beauregard  at  Charleston, 

5.  C.,  and  as  medical  director,  surgeon  of  posts, 
and  inspector  of  hospitals  in  Georgia;  resumed 
the  practice  of  medicine  in  Rome,  Ga.;  unsuc- 
cessful Whig  candidate  for  election  to  the  Twenty- 
ninth  Congress;  member  of  the  state  reconstruc- 
tion convention  of  1867;    elected  to  the  United 
States  Senate,  to  fill  vacancy  existing  since  Feb- 
ruary 4,  1861;  qualified  under  the  terms  of  joint 
resolution   of    February    24,   1871,    prescribing  a 
special  oath,  and  served  from  February  24,  1871, 
to  March  3^  1871;  trustee  of  the  University  of 
Georgia;  died  in  Atlanta,  Ga.,  May  31,  1896. 

Miller,  Jacob  Welsh,  a  Senator  from  New  Jer- 
sey; bom  in  German  Valley,  Morris  county,  N.  J., 
in  November,  1800;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to 
the  bar  in  1823,  and  commenced  practice  in  Morris- 
town,  N.  J.;  elected  to  the  general  assembly  in 
1832;  member  of  the  state  .senate  1838-1840; 
elected  as  a  Whig  to  the  United  States  Senate; 
reelected,  and  served  from  March  4, 1841,  to  March 
3,  1853;  died  in  Morristown,  N.  J.,  September  30, 
1862. 

Miller,  James  Francis,  a  Representative  from 
Texas;  born  in  Tennessee,  August  1, 1832;  pursued 
classical  studies;  studied  law  and  was  admitted  to 
the  bar;  engaged  in  banking  and  stock  raising; 
elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Forty-eighth  and 
Forty-ninth  Congresses  (March  4,  1883-March  3, 
1887;  resumed  banking  business  in  Gonzales,  Tex. 

Miller,  James  Monroe,  a  Representative  from 
Kansas;  born  in  Three  Springs,  Huntingdon 
county,  Pa.,  May  6,  1852;  attended  Dickinson 
seminary,  Williamsport,  Pa.;  studied  law  and  was 
admitted  to  the  bar;  located  in  practice  in  Council 
Grove,  Kans.;  county  attorney  of  Morris  county, 
Kans.,  in  1880,  1884,  and  1886;  member  of  the 
Kansas  legislature  in  1894;  Republican  presi- 
dential elector  for  Kansas  in  1884;  electea  as  a 
Republican  to  the  Fifty-sixth,  and  to  the  five  suc- 
ceeding Congresses  (March  4,  1899-March  3,  1911); 


resumed  the  practice  of  law  in  Council  Grove, 
Kans. 

Miller,  Jesse,  a  Representative  from  Pennsyl- 
vania; native  of  Landisburg,  Pa.;  attended  the 
common  schools;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the 
bar,  and  practiced;  sheriff  of  Perry  county  1823- 
1826;  member  of  the  state  senate  1830-1834;  elected 
as  a  Democrat  to  the  Twenty-third  and  Twenty- 
fourth  Congresses,  and  served  from  March  4,  1833, 
until  his  resignation,  October  30,  1826;  Auditor  of 
the  United  States  Treasury,  November  18,  1836, 
to  June  17,  1842;  canal  commissioner  of  Pennsyl- 
vania 1845-1846;  secretary  of  state  of  Pennsylvania 
1845-1851;  died  in  Harrisburg,  Pa.,  August  20, 
1850. 

Miller,  John,  a  Representative  from  New  York; 
born  in  Amenia,  N.  Y.,  November  10,  1774; 
completed  preparatory  studies;  studied  medicine 
in  the  University  of  Pennsylvania,  and  commenced 
practice  in  Truxton,  N.  Y.;  postmaster  of  Truxton 
1805-1825;  member  of  the  state  house  of  representa- 
tives in  1817,  1820,  and  1845;  elected  to  the  Nine- 
teenth Congress  (March  4,  1825-March  3,  1827); 
delegate  in  the  state  constitutional  convention  of 
1846;  died  in  Truxton,  N.  Y.,  March  31,  1862. 

Miller,  John,  a  Representative  from  Missouri; 
born  in  Berkeley  county,  Va.,  in  1780;  moved  to 
Steubenville,  Ohio,  in  1806;  attended  the  public 
schools;  served  in  the  war  of  1812;  moved  to  Mis- 
souri; register  of  public  lands;  governor  of  Mis- 
souri 1826-1832;  elected  as  a  Van  Buren  Democrat 
to  the  Twenty-fifth,  Twenty-sixth,  and  Twenty- 
seventh  Congresses  (March  4,  1837-March  3,  1843); 
died  near  Florisant,  Mo.,  March  18,  1846. 

Miller,  John  Franklin,  a  Senator  from  Califor- 
nia; born  in  South  Bend,  Ind.,  November  21, 
1831;  pursued  an  academic  course;  studied  law, 
was  graduated  from  the  New  York  state  law 
school  in  1852,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  began 
practice  in  South  Bend,  Ind.;  went  to  California 
and  practiced  for  a  short  time;  returned  to  South 
Bend;  member  of  the  Indiana  state  senate  in  1860, 
but  resigned  to  enter  the  Union  army ;  commissioned 
colonel  of  the  twenty-ninth  Indiana  infantry 
August  27,  1861;  brigadier  general  of  volunteers 
January  5,  1864;  brevetted  major  general  March  13, 
1865,  "for  gallant  and  meritorius  services  at 
Nashville,  Tenn.;"  resigned  September  25,  1865; 
returned  to  California;  collector  of  the  port  of  San 
Francisco  four  years;  declined  a  reappointment ; 
Republican  candidate  for  presidential  elector  in 
1872,  1876,  and  1880;  member  of  the  California 
state  constitutional  convention  in  1879;  elected  as 
a  Republican  to  the  United  States  Senate  and 
served  from  March  4,  1881,  until  his  death  in 
Washington,  D.  C.,  March  8,  1886. 

Miller,  John  Gaines,  a  Representative  from 
Missouri;  born  in  Danville,  Ky.,  November  29, 
1812;  attended  the  common  schools;  studied  law, 
and  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1834;  moved  to 
Boonville,  Mo.,  in  1835;  member  of  the  state  house 
of  representatives  in  1840;  elected  as  a  Whig  to 
the  Thirty-second,  Thirty-third,  and  Thirty-fourth 
Congresses,  and  served  from  March  4,  1851,  until 
his  death  in  Saline  county,  Mo.,  May  11,  1856. 

Miller,  John  Krepps,  a  Representative  from 
Ohio;  born  in  Mount  Vernon,  Ohio,  May  24,  1819; 
attended  the  public  schools,  and  studied  law; 
was  graduated  from  Jefferson  college,  Canonsburg, 
Pa.,  in  1838;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1841.  and 


864 


CONGRESSIONAL   DIRECTORY. 


S-acticed  in  Mount  Vernon,  Ohio;  member  of  the 
emocratic  national  convention  of  1844;  elected 
as  a  Democrat  to  the  Thirtieth  and  Thirty-first 
Congresses  (March  4,  1847-March  3,  1851);  declined 
the  chief  justiceship  of  Washington  territory  in 
1853;  died  in  Mount  Vernon,  Ohio,  August  11, 1863. 

Miller,  Joseph,  a  Representative  from  Ohio; 
born  in  Chillicothe,  Ohio,  September,  1819;  at- 
tended the  common  schools,  and  was  graduated 
from  Miami  university,  Oxford,  Ohio,  in  1839; 
studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1841,  and 
served  as  prosecuting  attorney  of  Ross  county, 
Ohio,  1844-1848;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the 
Thirty-fifth  Congress  (March  4,  1857-March  3, 
1859);  unsuccessful  candidate  for  reelection  to  the 
Thirty-sixth  Congress;  appointed  United  States 
district  judge  for  Nebraska  territory  April  9,  1859, 
and  served  until  after  the  election  of  Abraham 
Lincoln;  returned  to  Chillicothe,  Ohio,  and  died 
there  May  27,  1862. 

Miller,  Killian,  a  Representative  from  New 
York;  born  in  Claverack,  N.  Y.,  July  30,  1785; 
pursued  an  academic  course;  studied  law,  was 
admitted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced  practice  in 
1806  in  Livingston,  N.  Y.;  member  of  the  state 
house  of  representatives  in  1825  and  1828;  moved 
to  Hudson,  N.  Y.,  in  1833;  county  clerk  1837-1840; 
elected  as  a  Whig  to  the  Thirty-fourth  Congress 
(March  4,  1855-March  3,  1857);  died  in  Hudson, 
N.  Y.,  January  9,  1859. 

Miller,  Lucas  Miltiades,  a  Representative  from 
Wisconsin;  born  in  Laviadia,  Greece,  September 
15,  1824;  came  to  the  United  States  and  located  in 
Montpelier,  Vt.;  attended  the  public  schools; 
studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar  and  practiced; 
moved  to  Wisconsin  in  1846;  member  of  the  Wis- 
consin legislature  in  1853;  elected  as  a  Democrat 
to  the  Fifty-second  Congress  (March  4,  1891-March 

3,  1893);  died  in  Oshkosh,  Wis.,   December  21, 
1902. 

Miller,  Morris  S.,  a  Representative  from  New 
York;  born  in  1779;  located  in  Utica,  N.  Y. ;  elected 
as  a  Federalist  to  the  Thirteenth  Congress  (March 

4,  1813-March  3,  1815);  state  commissioner  to  the 
Seneca  Indians  in  1819;  Oneida  county  judge;  died 
in  Utica,  N.  Y.,  November  15,  1824. 

Miller,  Nathan,  a  Delegate  from  Rhode  Island ; 
born  in  Warren,  R.  I.,  March  26,  1743;  ship  car- 
penter by  trade;  prominent  in  the  pre-Revolu- 
tionary  movements;  served  as  commissary  and 
major  general  in  the  Revolutionary  war;  Delegate 
in  the  Continental  Congress,  and  served  from  July 
14,  1786,  to  November  3,  1786;  reelected,  but  did 
not  take  his  seat;  member  of  the  state  convention 
of  1790;  died  in  Warren,  R.  I.,  May  20,  1790. 

Miller,  Orrin  L.,  a  Representative  from  Kansas; 
born  in  Newburg,  Me.,  January  11,  1856;  studied 
law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced  prac- 
tice in  Bangor,  Me.,  in  1880;  moved  to  Kansas  and 
located  in  Kansas  City,  where  he  engaged  in  the 
practice  of  law;  appointed  district  judge  for  the 
twenty-ninth  judicial  district  of  Kansas  in  March, 
1887,  and  elected  to  that  office  for  four  years  in 
November  of  the  same  year;  resigned  in  1891,  to 
resume  the  practice  of  law;  elected  as  a  Republican 
to  the  Fifty-fourth  Congress  (March  4,  1895-March 
3,  1897);  resumed  the  practice  of  law  in  Kansas 
City,  Kans. 

Miller,  Pleasant  M.,  a  Representative  from 
Tennessee;  was  elected  to  the  Eleventh  Congress 
(March  4,  1809-March  3,  1811). 


Miller,  Rutger  B.,  a  Representative  from  New 
York;  native  of  that  state;  elected  to  the  Twenty- 
fourth  Congress,  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  the  resig- 
nation of  Samuel  Beardsley,  and  served  from  De- 
cember 5,  1836,  to  March  3,  1837;  died  in  Utica, 
N.  Y.,  November  13,  1877. 

Miller,  Samuel  P.,  a  Representative  from  New 
York;  bora  in  Franklin,  N.  Y.,  May  27,  1827;  was 
graduated  from  Hamilton  college  in  1852;  studied 
law,  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1853;  engaged 
in  farming  and  lumbering;  member  of  the  state 
house  of  representatives  in  1854;  elected  as  a  Re- 
publican to  the  Thirty-eighth  Congress  (March  4, 
1863-March  3,  1865);  reelected  to  the  Forty-fourth 
Congress  (March  4,  1867-March  3,  1869);  member 
of  the  state  constitutional  convention  of  1867 ;  dis- 
trict collector  of  internal  revenue  1869-1873;  on 
the  state  board  of  charities  1869-1877;  died  in 
Franklin,  N.  Y.,  March  16,  1892. 

Miller,  Samuel  North,  a  Representative  from 
Pennsylvania;  born  in  Cool  Spring,  Mercer  county, 
Pa.,  April  19,  1840;  attended  the  common  schools, 
and  was  graduated  from  Westminster  college  in 
1860;  taught  school  in  the  winter  of  1860-1861  in 
Madison  county,  Ky.;  edited  and  published  the 
Mercer  Dispatch  1861-1870;  studied  law,  was  ad- 
mitted to  the  bar,  and  commenced  practice  in  Mer- 
cer in  1870;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Forty- 
seventh  and  Forty-eighth  Congresses  (March  4, 
1881-March3,  1885);  elected  president  judge  of  the 
several  courts  of  Mercer  county,  Pa.,  in  1894,  for 
ten  years. 

Miller,  Smith,  a  Representative  from  Indiana; 
born  in  North  Carolina  May  30,  1804;  moved 
to  Patoka,  Gibson  county,  Ind.;  received  a  limited 
schooling;  engaged  in  farming;  member  of  the  state 
house  of  representatives;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to 
the  Thirty-third  and  Thirty-fourth  Congresses 
(March  4,  1853-March  3,  1857);  died  near  Fatoka, 
Ind.,  March  21,  1872. 

Miller,  Stephen  Decatur,  a  Representative 
and  a  Senator  from  South  Carolina ;  born  in  Waxhaw 
settlement,  Lancaster  district,  S.  C.,  May  8,  1787; 
was  graduated  from  South  Carolina  college  in  1808; 
studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  com- 
menced practice  in  Sumterville  in  1811;  elected  as 
a  Democrat  to  the  Fourteenth  Congress,  to  fill 
vacancy  caused  by  the  resignation  of  William  May- 
rant;  reelected  to  the  Fifteenth  Congress,  and 
served  from  January  2,  1817,  to  March  3,  1819; 
state  senator  1822-1828;  governor  of  South  Carolina 
1828-1830;  elected  as  a  Nullifier  to  the  United 
States  Senate,  and  served  from  March  4,  1831,  until 
his  resignation,  March  2, 1833;  delegate  in  the  nulli- 
fication convention  of  1830  and  1832;  engaged  in 
cotton  planting  in  Mississippi  in  1835;  died  in 
Raymond,  Miss.,  March  8,  1838. 

Miller,  Thomas  Ezekiel,  a  Representative  from 
South  Carolina;  born  in  Ferrybeeville,  Beaufort 
county,  S.  C.,  June  17,  1849;  attended  the  public 
schools;  was  graduated  from  Lincoln  university,  in 
Pennsylvania,  in  1872;  read  law,  and  was  admitted 
to  the  bar  in  1875;  school  commissioner  in  1872; 
member  of  the  South  Carolina  house  of  represent- 
atives in  1874,  1876,  and  1878;  elected  to  the  state 
senate  in  1880;  reelected  to  the  state  house  of  repre- 
sentatives in  1886;  member  of  the  state  executive 
committee;  successfully  contested  the  election  of 
William  Elliott  to  the  Fifty-first  Congress,  and 
served  from  September  24,  1890,  to  March  3, 1891 ; 
president  of  the  state  colored  college  in  Orangeburg, 
S.  C.,  in  1896. 


BIOGRAPHIES. 


865 


Miller,  Warner,  a  Representative  and  a  Senator 
from  New  York;  born  in  Oswego  county,  N.  Y., 
August  12,  1838;  was  graduated  from  Union  college 
in  1860;  taught  in  the  Fort  Edward  collegiate  insti- 
tute; enlisted  as  private  in  the  fifth  New  York 
cavalry;  served  in  the  Shenandoah  Valley;  pro- 
moted to  be  sergeant  major  and  lieutenant;  taken 
prisoner  at  the  battle  of  Winchester;  exchanged, 
and  honorably  discharged ;  engaged  in  the  manu- 
facture of  paper,  and  farming;  delegate  in  the  Re- 
publican national  convention  in  Philadelphia  in 
1872;  elected  to  the  New  York  legislature  in  1874 
and  1875;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Forty- 
sixth  Congress;  reelected  to  the  Forty-seventh 
Congress,  and  served  from  March  4,  1879,  until  hia 
resignation,  before  the  assembling  of  Congress,  in 
1881;  elected  to  the  United  States  Senate  July  16, 
1881,  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  the  resignation  of 
Thomas  C.  Platt,  and  served  from  October  11, 1881, 
until  March  3,  1887;  retired  from  public  life  and  a 
resident  of  Herkimer,  N.  Y. 

Miller,  Warren,  a  Representative  from  West 
Virginia;  born  in  Meigs  county,  Ohio,  April  2, 1847; 
moved  to  Virginia  (now  West  Virginia)  about  1850; 
attended  common  schools,  and  the  Ohio  univer- 
sity in  Athens;  taught  school;  studied  law,  and 
was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1871;  assistant  prose- 
cuting attorney  of  Jackson  county  one  term,  and 
prosecuting  attorney  eight  years  from  January  1, 
1881;  delegate  in  the  Republican  national  con- 
vention in  Chicago  in  1884;  member  of  the  West 
Virginia  legislature  1890-1891;  unsuccessful  can- 
didate for  supreme  judge  in  1892;  elected  as  a 
Republican  to  the  Fifty-fourth  and  Fifty-fifth  Con- 
gresses (March  4,  1895-March  3,  1899) ;  resumed  the 
practice  of  law  in  Jackson,  W.  Va. 

Miller,  William  Henry,  a  Representative  from 
Pennsylvania;  born  in  Perry  county.  Pa.,  January 
29,  1828;  was  graduated  from  Marshall  college; 
state  supreme  court  clerk  1854-1863;  elected  as  a 
Democrat  to  the  Thirty-eighth  Congress  (March  4, 
1863-March  3,  1865);  unsuccessful  candidate  for 
reelection  to  the  Thirty-ninth  Congress;  died  in 
Harrisburg,  Pa.,  September  12,  1870. 

Miller,  William  S.,  a  Representative  from  New 
York;  native  of  that  state;  elected  to  the  Twenty- 
ninth  Congress  (March  4,  1847-March  3, 1849);  died 
in  New  York  City,  November  9,  1854. 

Milligan,  John  J.,  a  Representative  from  Dela- 
ware; born  in  Cecil  county,  Md.,  December  10, 
1795;  attended  Princeton  college ;  studied  law,  was 
admitted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced  practice  in 
New  Castle  county,  Del.,  in  1818;  elected  as  a  Whig 
to  the  Twenty-second,  Twenty-third,  Twenty- 
fourth,  and  Twenty-fifth  Congresses  (March  4, 1831- 
March  3,  1839);  appointed  judge  of  the  state  supe- 
rior court  in  1839;  died  in  Philadelphia,  Pa.,  April 
20,  1875. 

Milliken,  Charles  W.,  a  Representative  from 
Kentucky;  born  in  Graves  county,  Ky.,  August 
15,  1827;  moved  to  Simpson  county,  Ky.,  in  1829; 
studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  practiced ; 
county  attorney  for  five  years;  commonwealth 
attorney  of  the  fourth  judicial  district  of  Ken- 
tucky from  1867  until  his  resignation,  February  24, 
1872;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Forty-third  and 
Forty-fourth  Congresses  (March  4,  1873-March  3, 
1877);  resumed  the  practice  of  law  in  Franklin,  Ky. 

Milliken,  Seth  Llewellyn,  a  Representative 
from  Maine;  born  in  Montville,  Me.,  December  12, 

50346°— S.  Doc.  654,  61-2 55 


1831;  attended  Waterville  college,  and  was  grad- 
uated from  Union  college,  New  York,  in  1856; 
studied  law,  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar;  member 
of  the  Maine  legislature  1857-1858 ;  moved  to  Bed- 
ford, Me. ;  clerk  of  the  supreme  judicial  court  1859- 
1871;  delegate  in  the  Republican  national  con- 
ventions of  1876  and  1884;  presidential  elector  in 
1876;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Forty-eighth, 
and  to  the  six  succeeding  Congresses  (March  4, 1883- 
March  3,  1897);  died  in  Washington,  D.  C.,  April 
18,  1897. 

Millington,  Charles  Stephen,  a  Representa- 
tive from  New  York;  born  in  Norway,  Herkimer 
county,  N.  Y.,  March  13,  1855;  attended  the  dis- 
trict schools  of  Poland,  the  Fairfield  academy,  and 
Hungerford  collegiate  institute;  entered  the  employ 
of  the  Hungerford  National  bank,  in  Adams,  N.  Y. ; 
organized  and  became  cashier  of  the  Bank  of 
Poland;  moved  to  Herkimer,  N.  Y.,  in  1894,  and 
continued  in  the  banking  business;  elected  as  a 
Republican  to  the  Sixty-first  Congress  (March  4, 
1909-March  3,  1911);  resumed  business  activities 
in  Herkimer,  N.  Y. 

Mills,  Daniel  Webster,  a  Representative  from 
Illinois;  born  near  Waynesville,  Warren  county, 
Ohio,  February  25,  1838;  attended  the  common 
schools  of  Rayesville  and  the  Waynesville  high 
school;  in  1859  engaged  in  the  mercantile,  grain- 
shipping,  and  pork-packing  business  in  Corwin, 
Ohio;  served  in  the  Union  army  as  captain  of  com- 
pany D,  one  hundred  and  eightieth  Ohio  volun- 
teers, until  the  close  of  the  war;  in  1866  went  to 
Chicago  and  engaged  in  lake  shipping  for  three 
years;  served  as  warden  of  the  Cook  county  hos- 
pital 1877-1881;  twice  elected  alderman;  elected 
as  a  Republican  to  the  Fifty-fifth  Congress  (March 
4,  1897-March  3,  1899);  died  in  Chicago,  111.,  De- 
cember 16,  1904. 

Mills,  Elijah  Hunt,  a  Representative  and  a 
Senator  from  Massachusetts;  born  in  Chesterfield, 
Mass.,  December  1,  1776;  was  graduated  from  Wil- 
liams college  in  1797;  studied  law,  was  admitted 
to  the  bar,  and  commenced  practice  in  Northamp- 
ton; member  of  the  state  senate  in  1811;  district 
attorney  for  the  county  of  Hampshire;  elected  as  a 
Federalist  to  the  Fourteenth  and  Fifteenth  Con- 
gresses (March  4,  1815-March3, 1819);  appointed  to 
the  United  States  Senate,  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by 
the  resignation  of  Prentiss  Mellen;  reelected,  and 
served  from  June  12,  1820,  to  March  3,  1827;  died 
in  Northampton,  Mass.,  May  5,  1829. 

Mills,  Roger  Quarles,  a  Representative  and  a 
Senator  from  Texas;  born  in  Todd  county,  Ky., 
March  30,  1832;  attended  the  common  schools; 
moved  to  Texas  in  1849;  studied  law,  was  admitted 
to  the  bar  in  1852,  and  commenced  practice  in 
Corsicana;  member  of  the  Texas  house  of  repre- 
sentatives 1859-1860;  enlisted  in  the  Confederate 
army,  and  was  promoted  to  lieutenant  colonel  and 
colonel  of  the  tenth  Texas  infantry;  was  wounded 
in  the  engagements  at  Missionary  Ridge  and 
Atlanta;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Forty- 
third,  and  to  the  nine  succeeding  Congresses, 
and  served  from  March  4,  1873,  until  his  resig- 
nation, March  28,  1892;  unsuccessful  candi- 
date for  Speaker  of  the  National  House  of  Repre- 
sentatives in  the  Fifty-second  Congress;  elected  to 
the  United  States  Senate,  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by 
the  resignation  of  John  H.  Reagan;  reelected,  and 
served  from  March  23,  1892,  to  March  3,  1899;  re- 
sumed the  practice  of  law  in  Corsicana,  Tex.,  died 
there  September  2,  1911. 


866 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 


Millson,  John  Singleton,  a  Representative 
from  Virginia;  born  in  Norfolk,  Va.,  October  1, 
1808;  pursued  an  academic  course;  studied  law, 
was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1829,  and  commenced 
practice  in  Norfolk;  presidential  elector  on  the 
Folk-Dallas  ticket  in  1844,  and  on  the  Cass-Butler 
ticket  in  1848;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Thirty- 
first,  and  to  the  five  succeeding  Congresses  (March 
4, 1849-March  3, 1861) ;  resumed  the  practice  of  law; 
died  in  Norfolk,  Va.,  February  26,  1873. 

Millward,  William,  a  Representative  from 
Pennsylvania;  born  in  Philadelphia,  Pa.;  at- 
tended the  public  schools;  elected  as  a  Whig  to  the 
Thirty-fourth  Congress  (March  4,  1855-March  3, 
1857);  unsuccessful  as  the  Union  candidate  for  the 
Thirty-fifth  Congress;  reelected  to  the  Thirty-sixth 
Congress  (March  4,  1259-March  3,  1861). 

Milnes,  Alfred,  a  Representative  from  Michi- 
gan; born  in  Bradford,  Yorkshire,  England,  May 
28, 1844;  came  with  his  parents  to  the  United  States 
in  1854,  and  settled  in  Newton,  Iowa;  moved  to 
Cold  water,  Mich.;  attended  the  common  schools  of 
Utah,  Iowa,  and  of  Coldwater,  Mich.;  enlisted  as 
a  private  in  the  seventeenth  Michigan  infantry, 
the  "Old  Stonewall  Regiment,"  June  30,  1862, 
and  served  throughout  the  war;  engaged  with  his 
regiment  in  every  battle  in  which  it  took  part,  from 
South  Mountain,  Md.,  in  1862,  to  Lee 's  surrender 
at  Appomattox,  in  April,  1865;  city  alderman  of 
Coldwater  one  term,  and  mayor  two  terms;  mem- 
ber of  the  state  senate  1888-1890;  lieutenant  gov- 
ernor of  Michigan  in  1894,  and  presided  over  the 
state  senate  until  his  resignation,  June  1,  1895; 
elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Fifty-fourth  Con- 
gress, to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  the  resignation  of 
Julius  C.  Burrows,  and  served  from  December  2, 
1895,  to  March  3,  1897;  appointed  postmaster  of 
Coldwater  in  1898;  delegate  in  the  Michigan  con- 
stitutional convention  1907-1908;  member  of 
board  of  managers  Michigan  Soldiers'  home;  a 
resident  of  Coldwater,  Mich. 

Milnes,  William,  jr.,  a  Representative  from 
Virginia;  born  in  Yorkshire,  England,  December 
8,  1827;  came  with  parents  to  Potteville,  Pa.,  in 
1829;  completed  preparatory  studies;  learned 
the  machinist's  trade;  engaged  in  mining  and 
shipping  coal;  moved  to  Virginia  in  1865;  engaged 
in  the  iron  business;  elected  as  a  Conservative  to 
the  Forty-first  Congress,  and  served  from  January 
27,  1870,  to  March  3,  1871;  died  in  Shenandoah, 
Va.,  August  14,  1889. 

Milnor,  James,  a  Representative  from  Penn- 
sylvania; born  in  Philadelphia,  Pa.,  June  20,  1773; 
attended  the  Philadelphia  grammar  school  and 
the  University  of  Pennsylvania;  studied  law,  was 
admitted  to  the  bar,  and  practiced  in  Norristown, 
Pa.,  1794-1797,  and  in  Philadelphia,  1797-1813; 
member  of  the  Philadelphia  common  council  in 
1800;  of  the  select  council  1805-1810,  and  its 
president  1808-1809;  elected  as  a  Federalist  to  the 
Twelfth  Congress  (March  4,  1811-March  3,  1813); 
ordained  in  the  Protestant  Episcopal  church  in 
1814,  and  rector  of  St.  George's  Church  in  New 
York  City  1816-1844;  died  in  New  York  City 
April  8,  1844. 

Milnor,  William,  a  Representative  from  Penn- 
sylvania; born  in  Philadelphia,  Pa.,  June  26, 1769; 
pursued  an  academic  course;  engaged  in  mercan- 
tile business  in  Philadelphia;  elected  as  a  Federalist 
to  the  Tenth  and  Eleventh  Congresses  (March  4, 
1807 -March  3,  1811);  reelected  to  the  Fourteenth 


Congress  (March  4,  1815-March  3,  1817);  again 
elected  to  the  Seventeenth  Congress,  and  served 
from  March  4,  1821,  until  his  resignation  in  1822; 
mayor  and  alderman  of  Philadelphia;  died  in  Bur- 
lington, N.  J.,  December  13,  1848. 

Milton,  William  Hall,  a  Senator  from  Florida; 
born  near  Marianna,  Jackson  county,  Fla.,  March 
2,  1864;  attended  the  public  schools  of  Jackson 
county,  Marianna  academy,  and  the  agricultural 
and  mechanical  college,  in  Auburn,  Ala.;  city 
clerk  and  treasurer  of  Marianna,  1885-1893;  served 
in  the  legislature  of  Florida,  1889-1891;  studied 
law  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in>1890;  court 
commissioner  1890-1894;  Democratic  presidential 
elector  in  1892;  United  States  surveyor  general  of 
Florida,  1894-1897;  mayor  of  Marianna  1898-1899; 
president  of  board  of  managers  state  reform  school, 
in  Marianna,  1897-1902;  appointed  as  a  Democrat 
to  the  United  States  Senate  March  27,  1908,  to  fill 
vacancy  caused  by  the  deaths  of  Stephen  R.  Mai- 
lory  and  William  J.  Bryan,  and  served  from  April 
6,  1908,  to  March  3,  1909;  resumed  the  practice  of 
law  in  Marianna.  Fla. 

Miner,  Ahiman  L.,  a  Representative  from  Ver- 
mont; born  in  Middletown,  Vt.,  September  23, 
1804;  pursued  an  academic  course;  studied  law 
in  Poultney  and  Rutland,  was  admitted  to  the 
bar  in  1833,  and  practiced  in  Wallingford  1833- 
1836;  moved  to  Manchester,  Vt.;  clerk  of  the 
Vermont  house  of  representatives  1836-1837;  mem- 
ber of  the  state  house  of  representatives  1838- 
1839,  and  1846,  1854;  elected  to  the  state  senate  in 
1840;  state's  attorney  for  Bennington  county  1843- 
1844;  register  of  probate  seven  years,  and  judge  of 
probate  1846-1849;  elected  as  a  Whig  to  the  Thirty 
second  Congress  (March  4,  1851-March  3,  1853); 
died  in  Manchester,  Vt.,  July  19,  1886. 

Miner,  Charles,  a  Representative  from  Penn- 
sylvania; born  in  Norwich,  Conn.,  February  1, 
1780;  attended  the  public  schools  of  Norwich; 
moved  in  1797  to  his  father's  lands  in  Wyoming 
Valley,  Pa.,  and  to  Wilkes-Barre,  Pa.,  in  1802; 

Eublished  the  Luzerne  County  Federalist;  mem- 
er  of  the  state  house  of  representatives  1807-1808; 
moved  to  West  Chester,  Pa.,  in  1816;  published  the 
Village  Record ;  elected  as  a  Federalist  to  the  Nine- 
teenth and  Twentieth  Congresses  (March  4,  1825- 
March  3,  1829);  returned  to  Wilkes-Barre  in  1834; 
died  in  Wilkes-Barre,  Pa.,  October  26,  1865. 

Miner,  Henry  Clay,  a  Representative  from 
New  York;  born  in  New  York  City,  March  23,  1842; 
attended  the  New  York  City  grammar  schools  and 
the  American  institute;  became  interested  in  the 
drug  business;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Fifty- 
fourth  Congress  (March  4,  1895-March  3,  1897); 
died  in  New  York  City,  February  22,  1900. 

Miner,  Phineas,  a  Representative  from  Con- 
necticut; born  in  Winchester,  Conn.,  November  27, 
1777;  completed  preparatory  studies;  studied  law, 
was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced  practice 
in  Litchfield,  Conn.;  elected  to  the  Twenty-third 
Congress,  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  the  resignation 
of  Jabez  W.  Huntington,  and  served  from  Decem- 
ber 1,  1834,  to  March  3,  1835;  died  in  Litchfield, 
Conn.,  September  15,  1839. 

Minor,  Edward  Sloman,  a  Representative  from 
Wisconsin;  born  in  Point  Peninsula,  Jefferson 
county,  N.  Y.,  December  13,  1840;  moved  with  his 

Earents  to  Wisconsin  in  1845,  and  located  in  Green- 
eld,  Milwaukee  county,  and  subsequently  lived 


BIOGRAPHIES. 


867 


in  the  city  of  Milwaukee;  attended  the  public 
schools;  again  moved  with  his  parents  to  a  farm  in 
Sheboygan  county  in  1852,  where  he  worked  on  a 
farm  and  completed  a  common-school  education; 
in  1861  enlisted  in  company  G,  second  Wisconsin 
volunteer  cavalry,  as  a  private;  participated  in  all 
the  expeditions,  raids,  and  battles  in  which  the 
regiment  was  engaged  until  the  close  of  the  war; 
mustered  out  as  first  lieutenant  in  November,  1865; 
engaged  in  mercantile  pursuits  in  Sturgeon  Bay, 
Wis.,  until  1884;  superintendent  of  the  Sturgeon 
Bay  and  Lake  Michigan  ship  canal  1884-1891; 
member  of  the  Wisconsin  assembly  in  1879,  1881, 
and  1882;  member  of  the  state  senate  1883-1885; 
president  pro  tempore  of  the  senate  during  the 
latter  term;  member  of  the  Wisconsin  fish  commis- 
sion for  four  years;  mayor  of  Sturgeon  Bay  in  1894; 
elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Fifty-fourth,  and 
to  the  five  succeeding  Congresses  (March  4,  1895- 
March  3,  1907);  postmaster  of  Sturgeon  Bay,  Wis. 

Mitchell,  Alexander,  a  Representative  from 
Wisconsin;  born  in  Aberdeenshire,  Scotland,  Octo- 
ber 18,  1817;  attended  the  parish  schools,  and  com- 
pleted a  commercial  course;  studied  law,  and  en- 
gaged as  a  banking-house  clerk;  came  to  the  United 
States  in  1839  and  located  in  Milwaukee,  Wis.; 
enaged  in  banking;  first  commissioner  of  the  Mil- 
waukee debt  commission;  president  of  the  Chicago, 
Milwaukee  &  St.  Paul  railroad  company  1864-1887 ; 
elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Forty-second  and 
Forty-third  Congresses  (March  4,  1871-March  3, 
1875);  died  in  New  York  City,  April  19,  1887. 

Mitchell,  Anderson,  a  Representative  from 
North  Carolina;  born  in  Caswell  county,  N.  C.,  in 
1800;  was  graduated  from  the  University  of  North 
Carolina  in  1821;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the 
bar,  and  commenced  practice  in  Wilkesboro  in 
1830;  elected  to  the  Twenty-seventh  Congress,  to 
fill  vacancy  caused  by  the  death  of  Lewis  Williams, 
and  served  from  April  27,  1842,  to  March  3,  1843. 

Mitchell,  Charles  F.,  a  Representative  from 
New  York;  native  of  New  York  City;  attended 
the  public  schools;  located  in  Lockport;  elected  as 
a  Whig  to  the  Twenty-fifth  and  Twenty-sixth  Con- 
gresses (March  4,  1837-March  3,  1841);  engaged  in 
milling  in  the  West. 

Mitchell,  Charles  Le  Moyne,  a  Representative 
from  Connecticut;  born  in  New  Haven,  Conn.,  Au- 
gust 6,  1844;  was  graduated  from  Cheshire  academy 
in  1863;  member  of  the  state  house  of  represent- 
atives in  1878;  unsuccessful  candidate  for  United 
States  Senator  in  1899;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the 
Forty-eighth  and  Forty-ninth  Congresses  (March  4, 
1883-March  3,  1887);  moved  to  New  York  City  in 
1886  and  died  there  March  1,  1890. 

Mitchell,  George  Edward,  a  Representative 
from  Maryland;  born  in  Cecil  county,  Md.,  March 
3,  1781;  completed  preparatory  studies,  and  was 
graduated  from  the  University  of  Pennsylvania 
June  5,  1805;  practiced  medicine  in  Elkton,  Pa., 
1806-1812;  representative  in  the  state  assembly  in 
1808;  member  of  the  executive  council  of  Mary- 
land, and  served  as  president  1809-1812;  served  in 
the  War  of  1812;  major  of  the  third  Maryland  artil- 
lery May  1,  1812;  lieutenant  colonel  March  3,  1813; 
transferred  to  artillery  corps  May  12,  1814,  and 
to  the  third  artillery  June  1,  1814;  brevet  colonel 
May  5,  1814,  for  gallant  conduct  in  repelling  at- 
tack of  British  forces  at  Fort  Oswego,  N.  Y.;  re- 
signed June  1,  1821;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the 
Eighteenth  and  Nineteenth  Congresses  (March  4, 


1823-March  3,  1827);  reelected  to  the  Twenty-first 
and  Twenty-second  Congresses,  and  served  from 
December  7,  1829,  until  his  death  in  Washington. 
D.  C.,  June  28,  1832. 

Mitchell,  Henry,  a  Representative  from  New 
York;  born  in  Woodbury,  Conn.,  in  1784;  pursued 
classical  studies;  studied  medicine  for  four  years 
in  Yale  college;  practiced  in  Norwich,  Chenango 
county,  N.  Y.;  member  of  the  state  house  of  rep- 
resentatives in  1827;  elected  as  a  Jackson  Demo- 
crat to  the  Twenty-third  Congress  (March  4,  1833- 
March  3,  1835);  died  in  Norwich,  N.  Y.,  January 
12,  1856. 

Mitchell,  James  C.,  a  Representative  from 
Tennessee;  born  in  Mecklenburg  county,  N.  C., 
about  1790;  attended  the  common  schools;  elected 
to  the  Nineteenth  and  Twentieth  Congresses 
(March  4,  1825-March  3,  1829);  unsuccessful  candi- 
date for  reelection  to  the  Twenty-first  Congress; 
moved  to  Mississippi  in  1835  and  engaged  in  agri- 
cultural pursuits;  member  of  the  state  house  of 
representatives;  died  near  Jackson,  Miss.,  August 
7,  1843. 

Mitchell,  James  S.,  a  Representative  from 
Pennsylvania;  born  in  Rossville,  York  county,  Pa., 
in  1784;  attended  public  schools;  member  of  the 
state  house  of  representatives  1812-1814;  elected 
as  a  Democrat  to  the  Seventeenth,  Eighteenth,  and 
Nineteenth  Congresses  (March  4,  1821-March  3, 
1827);  moved  to  Jefferson  county,  Ohio,  in  1827, 
and  later  to  Belleville,  111.,  where  he  died  in  1844. 

Mitchell,  John,  a  Representative  from  Penn- 
sylvania; born  in  Perry  county,  Pa.;  attended  the 
public  schools;  resided  in  Bellefonte;  held  several 
public  offices;  elected  to  the  Nineteenth  and  Twen- 
tieth Congresses  (March  4,  1825-March  3,  1829).  J- 

Mitchell,  John  Hippie,  a  Senator  from  Oregon; 
born  in  Washington  county,  Pa.,  June  22,  1835; 
moved  with  parents  to  Butler  county,  Pa.,  in  1837; 
attended  the  public  schools,  a  private  school,  and 
Witherspoon  institute;  studied  law,  was  admitted 
to  the  bar  in  1856,  and  practiced;  moved  to  San 
Luis  Obispo,  Cal.,  and  then  to  San  Francisco, 
and  practiced  law;  in  1860  went  to  Portland, 
Oreg.;  elected  corporation  attorney  of  Portland 
in  1861,  and  served  one  year;  elected  to  the  state 
senate  in  1862,  and  served  four  years,  the  last 
two  as  president  of  the  body;  commissioned 
by  the  governor  of  Oregon  in  1865  lieutenant- 
colonel  in  the  state  militia;  unsuccessful  can- 
didate for  United  States  Senator  in  1866;  pro- 
fessor of  medical  jurisprudence  in  Willamette 
University,  in  Salem,  Oreg.,  in  1867;  elected  as  a 
Republican  to  the  United  States  Senate  September 
28,  1872,  and  served  from  March  4,  1873,  to  March 
3,  1879;  unsuccessful  candidate  for  the  United 
States  Senate  in  1882;  reelected  to  the  United 
States  Senate  November  18,  1885,  and  served  from 
December  17,  1885,  until  his  death  in  Portland, 
Oreg.,  December  8,  1905. 

Mitchell,  John  Inscho,  a  Representative  and  a 
Senator  from  Pennsylvania;  born  in  Tioga  county, 
Pa.,  July  28,  1838;  attended  the  common  schools, 
a  private  school,  and  received  private  instruction, 
and  the  University  of  Lewisburg,  Pa.  (1857-1859), 
but  did  not  graduate;  taught  school  1859-1861; 
served  in  the  Union  army  as  a  lieutenant  and  captain 
in  the  one  hundred  and  thirty-sixth  Pennsylvania 
infantry;  studied  Jaw,  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in 
1864,  and  practiced  in  Tioga  county;  elected  dis- 


868 


CONGKESSIONAL  DIKECTOKY. 


trict  attorney  of  Tioga  county  in  1868,  and  served 
three  years;  edited  the  Tioga  county  Agitator 
during  1870;  member  of  the  state  house  of  repre- 
sentatives 1872-1876;  elected  as  a  Republican  to 
the  Forty-fifth  and  Forty-sixth  Congresses  (March 
4,  1877-March  3,  1881);  elected  to  the  United 
States  Senate,  and  served  from  March  4,  1881,  to 
March  3,  1887;  elected  president  judge  of  the  court 
of  common  pleas  of  the  fourth  Pennsylvania  dis- 
trict 1888-1899;  judge  of  the  superior  court  of 
Pennsylvania  and  served  one  session;  died  in 
Wellsboro,  Tioga  county,  Pa.,  August  20,  1907. 

Mitchell,  John  J.,  a  Representative  from  Massa- 
chusetts; born  in  Marlboro,  Mass.,  May  9,  1873; 
attended  the  Marlboro  public  schools,  Boston  col- 
lege, and  Albany  law  school;  was  admitted  to  the 
bar,  and  practiced  in  Marlboro;  member  of  the 
Massachusetts  house  of  representatives  1903-1906; 
member  of  the  state  senate  1907-1908;  elected  as 
a  Democrat  to  the  Sixty-first  Congress  (March  4, 
1909-March  3,  1911);  resumed  the  practice  of  law 
in  Marlboro,  Mass. 

Mitchell,  John  Lendrum,  a  Representative 
and  a  Senator  from  Wisconsin;  born  in  Milwaukee, 
Wis.,  October  19, 1842;  pursued  an  academic  course 
and  studied  in  England,  Switzerland,  and  Ger- 
many; served  in  the  Civil  war  in  the  twenty-fourth 
Wisconsin  volunteer  infantry;  first  lieutenant,  and 
later  chief  of  ordnance  on  the  staff  of  Gen.  Absa- 
lom Bayard;  resigned  in  1864;  member  of  the  state 
senate  of  Wisconsin  1872-1873  and  1875-1876;  presi- 
dent of  the  public  school  board  of  the  city  or  Mil- 
waukee 1884-1885 ;  member  of  the  board  of  managers 
of  the  National  home  for  disabled  volunteer  sol- 
diers; president  of  the  Milwaukee  Gas  company; 
interested  in  agricultural  pursuits;  elected  as  a 
Democrat  to  the  Fifty-second  Congress,  and  served 
from  March  4,  1891,  until  March  3,  1893,  when  he 
resigned;  elected  to  the  United  States  Senate,  and 
served  from  March  4,  1893,  to  March  3,  1899;  pres- 
ident of  the  Wisconsin  state  agricultural  society, 
and  of  numerous  banking  institutions;  died  in 
Milwaukee,  Wis.,  June  29,  1904. 

Mitchell,  John  Murray,  a  Representative  from 
New  York;  born  in  New  York  city,  N.  Y..,  March 
18, 1858;  was  graduated  from  Columbia  college  in 
1877;  completed  a  course  in  the  Columbia  law 
school  in  1879,  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and 
practiced  in  New  York  City;  successfully  con- 
tested, as  a  Republican,  the  election  of  James  J. 
Walsh  to  the  Fifty -fourth  Congress;  reelected  to 
the  Fifty-fifth  Congress,  and  served  from  June  2, 
1896,  to  March  3,  1899;  died  in  Tuxedo  Park, 
N.  Y.,  May  31,  1905. 

Mitchell,  Nahum,  a  Representative  from  Massa- 
chusetts; born  in  East  Bridgewater,  Mass.,  Feb- 
ruary 12, 1769;  was  graduated  from  Harvard  college 
in  1789;  studied  law  in  Plymouth,  Mass.;  com- 
menced practice  in  East  Bridgewater,  Mass.,  in 
1792;  common  pleas  court  judge  1811-1821,  and 
chief  justice  1819-1821;  member  of  the  state  house 
of  representatives  1798-1802,  1809, 1812,  1839-1840; 
elected  to  the  state  senate  1813-1814;  elected  to 
the  Eighth  Congress  (March  4,  1803-March  3,  1805); 
member  of  the  governor's  council  1814-1820;  state 
treasurer  1822-1827;  librarian  and  treasurer  of  the 
Massachusetts  historical  society;  died  in  Ply- 
mouth, Mass.,  August  1,  1853. 

Mitchell,  Nathaniel,  a  Delegate  from  Dela- 
ware; born  near  Laurel,  Sussex  county,  Del.,  in 
1753;  member  of  the  Continental  army  in  the 


Revolutionary  war;  member  of  the  state  house  of 
representatives;  elected  to  the  Continental  Con- 
gress 1786-1788;  elected  governor  of  Delaware  in 
1804;  reelected  and  served  until  1810;  member  of 
state  senate  1810-1814;  died  near  Laurel,  Del., 
February  21,  1814. 

Mitchell,  Robert,  a  Representative  from  Ohio; 
born  in  Pennsylvania;  attended  the  public  schools; 
moved  to  Zanesville,  Ohio;  held  several  local  offi- 
ces; elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Twenty-third 
Congress  (March  4,  1833-March  3,  1835);  died  in 
Zanesville,  Ohio,  in  August,  1850. 

Mitchell,  Stephen  Mix,  a  Delegate  and  a  Sen-' 
ator  from  Connecticut;  born  in  Wethersfield,  Conn., 
December  9, 1743;  was  graduated  from  Yale  college 
in  1763;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and 
commenced  practice  in  Wethersfield,  Conn.,  in 
1772;  member  of  the  general  assembly  of  Connecti- 
cut 1778-1784;  judge  of  the  Hartford  county  court 
1779-1795;  Delegate  to  the  Continental  Congress 
1783-1785;  associate  justice  of  the  county  court 
of  Hartford  county  1779-1790;  presiding  judge 
of  the  court  1790-1793;  elected  to  the  United 
States  Senate,  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  the 
death  of  Roger  Sherman,  and  served  from  De- 
cember 2,  1793,  to  March  3,  1795;  judge  of  the 
supreme  court  1795-1807,  and  its  chief  justice  1807- 
1814;  presidential  elector  in  1801;  died  in  Wethers- 
field, Conn.,  September  30,  1835. 

Mitchell,  Thomas  Rothmaler,  a  Representa- 
tive from  South  Carolina;  native  of  George- 
town, S.  C.;  was  graduated  from  Harvard  univer- 
sity in  1802;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the 
bar,  and  commenced  practice  in  Georgetown, 
S.  C.;  elected  to  the  Seventeenth  Congress 
(March  4,  1821-March  3,  1823);  reelected  to  the 
Nineteenth  and  Twentieth  Congresses  (March  4, 
1825-March  3,  1829);  again  elected  to  the  Twenty- 
second  Congress  (March  4,  1831-March  3,  1833); 
unsuccessful  candidate  for  reelection  to  the  Eight- 
eenth and  the  Twenty-first  Congresses;  died  in 
Georgetown,  S.  C.,  November  2,  1837. 

Mitchell,  William,  a  Representative  from  In- 
diana; born  in  Montgomery  county,  N.  Y.,  January 
19,  1807;  attended  the  public  schools;  studied  law, 
was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced  practice 
in  Kendallville,  Ind.;  first  postmaster  of  Kendall- 
ville,  Ind.,  1836;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the 
Thirty-seventh  Congress  .(March  4,  1861-March  3, 
1863);  unsuccessful  candidate  for  reelection  to  the 
Thirty-eighth  Congress;  died  in  Macon,  Ga.,  Sep- 
tember 11,  1865. 

Mitchill,  Samuel  Latham,  a  Representative 
and  a  Senator  from  New  York;  born  in  Hempstead, 
N.  Y.,  August  20,  1764;  pursued  classical  studies; 
studied  medicine,  and  was  graduated  from  the 
University  of  Edinburgh;  studied  law,  and 
was  admitted  to  the  bar;  commissioner  to  pur- 
chase the  land  of  the  Iroquois  Indians  in  west- 
ern New  York  in  1788;  member  of  the  state  as-  ' 
sembly  in  1791;  professor  of  chemistry  and  nat- 
ural history  in  Columbia  college  in  1792;  one  of  the 
founders  of  the  state  society  for  the  promotion  of 
agriculture  in  1793;  editor  of  the  Quarterly  Medical 
Repository^  1797-1813;  again  a  member  of  the  state 
assembly  in  1798;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the 
Seventh  and  Eighth  Congresses,  and  served  from 
March  4,  1801,  until  his  resignation,  November  22, 
1804;  elected  to  the  United  States  Senate,  to  fill 
vacancy  caused  by  the  resignation  of  John  Arm- 
strong, and  served  from  November  23,  1804,  to 


BIOGRAPHIES. 


869 


March  3,  1809;  reelected  to  the  Eleventh  and 
Twelfth  Congresses  (March  4,  1809-March  3,  1813); 
professor  of  natural  history  in  the  New  York  college 
of  physicians  and  surgeons  1808-1820,  and  of  botany 
and  materia  medica  1820-1826;  vice-president  of 
the  Rutgers  medical  school  1826-1830;  died  in 
New  York  City  September  7,  1831. 

Moffatt,  Seth  C.,  a  Representative  from  Michi- 
gan; born  in  Battle  Creek,  Mich.,  August  10,  1841; 
attended  the  common  schools;  was  graduated  from 
the  law  department  of  Michigan  university  in  1863, 
was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  engaged  in  the  prac- 
tice of  his  profession  in  Traverse  City,  Mich.;  pros- 
ecuting attorney  for  Grand  Traverse  and  Leelanaw 
counties  for  ten  years;  member  of  the  state  senate 
of  Michigan  1871-1872;  member  of  the  constitu- 
tional commission  in  1873;  register  of  the  United 
States  land  office  at  Traverse  City  1874-1878;  mem- 
ber of  the  state  house  of  representatives  1881- 
1882,  serving  as  speaker  both  terms;  delegate  in  the 
Republican  national  convention  in  Chicago  in 
1884;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Forty-ninth 
and  Fiftieth  Congresses,  and  served  from  March  4, 
1885,  until  his  death  in  Washington,  D.  C.,  De- 
cember 22,  1887;  interment  in  Traverse  City,  Mich. 

Moffet,  John,  a  Representative  from  Pennsyl- 
vania; born  in  county  Antrim,  Ireland,  April  5, 
1831;  came  to  the  United  States,  and  located  in 
Pennsylvania;  attended  the  public  schools  in 
Philadelphia,  Pa.;  studied  medicine  in  the  Uni- 
versity of  Pennsylvania,  and  became  an  apoth- 
ecary; presented  credentials  as  a  Democratic 
Member-elect  to  the  Forty-first  Congress,  and 
served  from  March  4  to  April  9,  1869,  when  he  was 
succeeded  by  Leonard  Myers,  who  contested  his 
election;  resumed  the  practice  of  pharmacy  until 
his  death  in  Philadelphia,  Pa.,  June  19,  1884. 

Moflit,  Hosea,  a  Representative  from  New 
York;  a  native  of  Rensselaer  county,  N.  Y.;  mem- 
ber of  the  state  assembly  1794-1801;  elected  as  a 
Federalist  to  the  Thirteenth  and  Fourteenth  Con- 
gresses (March  4,  1813-March  3,  1817). 

Moffitt,  John  H.,  a  Representative  from  New 
York;  born  in  Chazy,  Clinton  county,  N.  Y., 
January  8,  1843;  attended  the  common  schools^ 
Plattsburg  academy,  and  Fort  Edward  collegiate 
institute;  enlisted  as  a  private  in  the  sixteenth 
regiment  New  York  volunteers  April  27,  1861; 
wounded  at  the  battle  of  Gaines  Mills  June  27, 
1862;  mustered  out  of  service  with  his  regiment 
May  18, 1863;  deputy  collector  of  customs  in  Rouses 
Point,  N.  Y.,  1866-1872;  engaged  in  the  manufac- 
ture of  charcoal  bloom  iron;  elected  supervisor  of 
Saranac,  Clinton  county,  in  1877;  elected  as  a  Re- 
publican to  the  Fiftieth  and  Fifty-first  Congresses 
(March  4,  1887-March  3,  1891);  appointed  super- 
intendent of  the  waterworks  in  Syracuse,  N.  Y. 

Molony,  Richard  Shepard,  a  Representative 
from  Illinois;  native  of  Northfield,  N.  H.;  studied 
medicine,  and  was  graduated  from  Dartmouth 
college  in  1838,  and  commenced  practice  in  Belvi- 
dere,  111.;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Thirty- 
second  Congress  (March  4,  1851-March  3,  1853); 
died  in  Humboldt,  Nebr.,  December  14,  1891. 

Mondell,  Frank  Wheeler,  a  Representative 
from  Wyoming;  born  in  St.  Louis,  Mo.,  November 
6, 1860;  attended  the  common  schools,  and  received 
instruction  in  the  higher  branches  from  a  private 
tutor;  _ engaged  in  mercantile  pursuits,  mining, 
and  railway  construction  in  various  Western  states 


and  territories;  settled  in  Wyoming  in  1887,  and 
engaged  in  the  development  of  coal  mines  and  oil 
property  in  the  vicinity  of  Newcastle  and  Cam- 
bria; took  an  active  part  in  the  establishment  and 
building  of  the  town  of  Newcastle,  Wyo.,  and  the 
development  of  the  Cambria,  Wyo.,  mines;  elected 
mayor  of  Newcastle  in  1888,  and  served  until  1895; 
elected  a  member  of  the  first  state  senate  in  1890, 
served  as  president  of  that  body  at  the  session  of 
1892;  delegate  in  the  Republican  national  conven- 
tion in  Minneapolis  in  1892;  appointed  assistant 
commissioner  of  the  general  land  office  November 
15, 1897,  and  served  until  March  3, 1899;  elected  asa 
Republican  to  the  Fifty-fourth  Congress  (March 
4,  1895-March  3, 1897);  reelected  to  the  Fifty-sixth, 
and  to  the  five  succeeding  Congresses  (March  4, 
1899-March  3,  1911).  Reelected  to  the  Sixty-second 
Congress. 

Monell,  Robert,  a  Representative  from  New 
York;  native  of  Columbia  county,  N.  Y.;  pursued 
classical  studies;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the 
bar,  and  commenced  practice  in  Greene,  Chenango 
county,  N.  Y. ;  member  of  the  state  house  of  repre- 
sentatives 1814-1815,  1825-1826,  and  1828;  elected 
as  a  Democrat  to  the  Sixteenth  Congress  (March  4, 
1819-March  3,  1821);  reelected  to  the  Twenty-first 
Congress,  and  served  from  March  4,  1829,  until 
February  21,  1831,  when  he  resigned;  circuit  judge; 
died  in  Greene,  N.  Y.,  in  1860. 

Money,  Hernando  De  Soto,  a  Representative 
and  a  Senator  from  Mississippi;  born  in  Holmes 
county,  Miss.,  August  26,  1839;  was  graduated 
from  the  University  of  Mississippi  in  Oxford; 
served  in  the  Confederate  army  until  forced  to 
resign  September  26,  1864,  on  account  of  defective 
eyesight;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and 
commenced  practice  in  Carrollton,  Miss.,  and  also 
engaged  in  planting;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the 
Forty-fourth,  and  to  the  four  succeeding  Congresses 
(March  4,  1875-March  3,  1885);  reelected  to  the 
Fifty-third  and  Fifty-fourth  Congresses  (March  4, 
1893-March  3,  1897);  elected  to  the  United  States 
Senate  for  the  term  commencing  March  4,  1899; 
and  during  the  interim  was  appointed  and  subse- 
quently elected  to  the  United  States  Senate,  to 
fill  vacancy  caused  by  the  death  of  James  Z. 
George;  reelected  in  1899  and  1905,  and  served  from 
October  8,  1897,  to  March  3,  1911;  located  in  Gulf- 
port,  Miss.;  died  in  Biloxi,  Miss.,  September  18, 
1912;  interment  in  Gulfport,  Miss. 

Monroe,  James,  a  Representative  from  Ohio; 
born  in  Plainfield,  Conn.,  July  18,  1821;  attended 
the  common  schools  and  Plainfield  academy;  was 
graduated  from  Oberlin  college  in  1846,"  pur- 
sued a  post  graduate  course  in  theology;  pro- 
fessor in  Oberlin  college  from  1849  until  1862; 
member  of  the  state  house  of  representatives  of 
Ohio  1856-1859;  member  of  the  Ohio  senate  1860- 
1862;  chosen  president  pro  tempore  in  1861  >and 
1862;  resigned  his  seat  in  the  senate  in  October, 
1862,  to  accept  the  position  of  United  States  consul 
to  Rio  de  Janeiro,  and  served  from  1863  to  1869, 
served  for  some  months  of  1869  as  charge  d'affaires 
ad  interim;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Forty- 
Becond,  Forty-third,  Forty-fourth,  Forty-fifth,  and 
Forty-sixth  Congresses  (March  4,  1871-March  3, 
1881);  declined  a  renomination;  professor  in  Ober- 
lin college  1883-1896;  died  in  Oberlin,  Ohio,  July 
6,  1898. 

Monroe,  James,  a  Delegate  and  a  Senator  from 
Virginia;  born  in  Westmoreland  county,  Va.,  April 
28,  1758;  pursued  classical  studies;  attended 


870 


CONGRESSIONAL   DIRECTORY. 


William  and  Mary  college  in  1776,  and  left  to 
enter  the  Continental  army  in  the  Revolutionary 
war;  appointed  a  lieutenant  in  the  third  Virginia 
regiment,  and  participated  in  numerous  engage- 
memnts;  severely  wounded  in  the  battle  of  Harlem 
Heights;  volunteer  aide  with  rank  of  major;  mili- 
tary commissioner  for  Virginia  in  1780,  with  rank 
of  lieutenant  colonel,  and  visited  the  southern 
army  under  General  DeKalb;  member  of  the  state 
assembly  in  1782;  Delegate  in  the  Continental 
Congress  1783-1786;  resumed  the  study  of  law,  was 
admitted  to  the  bar,  and  engaged  in  practice  in 
Fredericksburg,  Va.;  again  member  of  the  state 
assembly  in  1786;  delegate  in  the  state  convention 
to  consider  the  Federal  constitution  in  1788; 
elected  to  the  United  States  Senate,  to  fill  vacancy 
caused  by  the  death  of  William  Grayson;  reelected, 
and  served  from  November  9,  1790,  until  his 
resignation  in  1794;  appointed  by  President  Wash- 
ington minister  plenipotentiary  to  France  May  27, 
1794,  and  served  from  May  28,  1794,  to  December 
30,  1796;  governor  of  Virginia  1799-1802;  appointed 
by  President  Jefferson  minister  extraordinary  and 
plenipotentiary  to  France  January  11,  1803,  and 
served  from  January  12,  1803,  to  July  12,  1803; 
minister  plenipotentiary  to  England  November  11, 
1803,  and  to  Spain  November  9,  1804;  returned 
home  in  1808;  again  elected  member  of  state  assem- 
bly; governor  of  Virginia  in  1811 ;  Secretary  of  State 
of  the  United  States,  November  25,  1811,  to  March 
3,  1817;  elected  and  reelected  President  of  the 
United  States,  and  served  from  March  4,  1817,  to 
March  3,  1825;  retired  to  his  farm  in  Loudpun 
county,  Va. ;  member  and  president  of  the  Virginia 
constitutional  convention  of  1829;  moved  to  New 
York  City  in  1831,  and  died  there  July  4,  1831; 
final  interment  in  Richmond,  Va.3  in  1858. 

Montgomery,  Alexander  Brooks,  a  Represent- 
ative from  Kentucky;  born  in  Hardin  county, 
Ky.,  December  11,  1837;  was  graduated  from 
Georgetown  college,  Ky.,  in  1859;  studied  law  and 
was  graduated  from  the  Louisville  law  school  in 
1861;  engaged  in  farming  in  Elizabeth  town,  Ky., 
1861-1870;  began  the  practice  of  law  in  1874; 
elected  county  judge  of  Hardin  county,  Ky.,  in 
1870,  and  served  until  1874;  elected  to  the  Ken- 
tucky senate  in  1877,  and  served  until  1881; 
elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Fiftieth,  Fifty-first, 
Fifty -second,  and  Fifty-third  Congresses  (March  4, 
1887-March  3,  1895);  member  of  the  Dawes  Indian 
commission;  farmer  at  Elizabeth  town,  Ky.,  where 
he  died  December  27,  1910. 

Montgomery,  Daniel,  jr.,  a  Representative 
from  Pennsylvania;  elected  to  the  Tenth  Congress 
(March  4,  1807-March  3,  1809). 

Montgomery,  John,  a  Representative  from 
Maryland;  born  in  Maryland;  pursued  classical 
studies;  mayor  of  Baltimore;  attorney  general  of 
Maryland ;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Tenth  and 
Eleventh  Congresses  (March  4, 1807-March  3, 1811). 

Montgomery,  John  G.,  a  Representative  from 
Pennsylvania;  elected  to  the  Thirty-fifth  Congress, 
and  served  from  March  4,  1857,  until  his  death 
April  24,  1857. 

Montgomery,  Joseph,  a  Delegate  from  Penn- 
sylvania; born  in  Paxtang,  Dauphin  county,  Pa., 
September  23,  1733;  pursued  classical  studies;  was 
graduated  from  Princeton  college  in  1755;  licensed 
to  preach  by  the  presbytery  of  Philadelphia  in 
1759,  and  ordained  in  1761;  held  several  pastorates 


1761-1777;  delegate  in  the  general  assembly  of 
Pennsylvania  1780-1781;  Delegate  in  the  Conti- 
nental Congress  1783-1784;  recorder  of  deeds  and 
register  of  wills  for  Dauphin  county  1785-1794; 
justice  of  the  court  of  common  pleas  1786-1794; 
died  in  Harrisburg,  Pa.,  October  14,  1794. 

Montgomery,  Thomas,  a  Representative  from 
Kentucky;  born  in  Nelson  county,  Va.,  previous 
to  1779;  received  a  thorough  English  training; 
studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  prac- 
ticed in  Stanford,  Ky.;  judge  of  the  circuit  court 
of  Lincoln  county;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the 
Thirteenth  Congress  (March  4, 1813-March  3,  1815); 
again  elected  to  the  Sixteenth  Congress,  to  fill 
vacancy  caused  by  the  resignation  of  Tunstall 
Quarles,  jr.,  reelected  to  the  Seventeenth  Con- 
gress, and  served  from  November  13, 1820,  to  March 
3, 1823;  died  in  Stanford,  Ky.,  April  2, 1828. 

Montgomery,  William,  a  Representative  from 
Pennsylvania;  born  in  Chester  county,  Pa.,  Aug- 
usts, 1736;  served  in  Revolutionary  War;  delegate 
to  provincial  conventions  of  1775  and  1776;  ap- 
pointed deputy  surveyor,  April  18,  1785;  associate 
judge  of  Northumberland  county,  1801-1813; 
member  of  the  first  senate  of  Pennsylvania  in  1790; 
elected  to  the  Third  Congress  (March  4,  1793-March 

3,  1795);  died  in  Danville,  Pa.,  May  1,  1816. 

Montgomery,  William,  a  Representative  from 
North  Carolina;  born  in  Guilford  county,  N.  C., 
December  29, 1789;  studied  medicine  and  practiced 
in  Albrights,  Orange  county,  N.  C.;  member  of  the 
state  senate  1824-1827,  and  1829-1834;  elected  as  a 
Democrat  to  the  Twenty-fourth,  Twenty-fifth,  and 
Twenty-sixth  Congresses  (March  4,  1835-March  3, 
1841);  declined  a  renomination;  died  in  Albrights, 
N.  C.,  November  30,  1843. 

Montgomery,  William,  a  Representative  from 
Pennsylvania;  born  in  Canton  township,  Pa.,  April 
11,  1818;  pursued  classical  studies,  and  was  grad- 
uated from  Washington  college  in  1839;  studied 
law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1841,  and  com- 
menced practice  in  Washington,  Pa.;  appointed 
district  attorney  in  1845;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to 
the  Thirty-fifth  and  Thirty-sixth  Congresses  (March 

4,  1857-March  3,  1861);  died  in  Washington,  Pa., 
April  28.  1870. 

Moody,  Gideon  Curtis,  a  Senator  from  South 
Dakota;  born  in  Cortland,  N.  Y.,  October  16,  1832; 
attended  the  common  schools  and  pursued  an  aca- 
demic course;  studied  law  in  Syracuse,  N.  Y.; 
moved  to  Indiana  in  1852,  and  was  admitted  to  the 
bar  in  1853;  appointed  prosecuting  attorney  for 
Floyd  county  in  1854;  member  of  the  house  of  rep- 
resentatives of  Indiana  in  1861;  in  April,  1861, 
entered  the  Union  army  as  captain  in  the  ninth 
Indiana  volunteer  Infantry;  served  therein  as  cap- 
tain, lieutenant  colonel,  and  colonel;  appointed 
in  August,  1861,  captain  in  the  nineteenth  United 
States  infantry  and  served  until  his  resignation  in 
March,  1864;  moved  to  Dakota  in  May,  1864;  mem- 
ber of  the  house  of  representatives  of  Dakota  Terri- 
tory, 1867-1869,  and  in  1874;  served  as  speaker  of 
the  house  1868-1869,  and  in  1874;  appointed  asso- 
ciate justice  of  the  supreme  court  of  Dakota  Terri- 
tory in  September,  1878,  and  served  until  April  1, 
1883;  was  delegate  in  the  Republican  national  con- 
ventions of  1868  and  1888;  member  of  the  constitu- 
tional conventions  of  South  Dakota  in  1883  and 
1885;  elected  to  the  United  States  Senate  and 
served  from  November  2,  1889,  to  March  3,  1891; 
died  in  Los  Angeles,  Cal.,  March  17,  1904. 


BIOGRAPHIES. 


871 


Moody,  James  Montraville,  a  Representative 
from  North  Carolina;  born  in  Cherokee  (now  Gra- 
ham) county,  N.  C.,  February  12, 1858;  moved  with 
his  parents  to  Hay  wood  county;  attended  the  com- 
mon schools  and  Waynesville  academy,  also  Cand- 
ler  college,  in  Buncombe  county,  N.  C.;  studied 
law  in  Waynesville,  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in 
January,  1881;  elected  prosecuting  attorney  of  the 
twelfth  judicial  district  of  North  Carolina  in  1886, 
and  served  four  years;  elected  to  the  state  senate 
for  two  years  in  1894;  served  in  the  Spanish- 
American  war  as  major  and  chief  commissary  of 
United  States  volunteers  on  the  staff  of  Maj .  Gen.  J. 
Warren  Keifer;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the 
Fifty-seventh  Congress  and  served  from  March  4, 
1901,  until  his  death  in  Waynesville,  N.  C.,  Feb- 
ruary 5,  1903. 

Moody,  Malcolm  Adalbert,  a  Representative 
from  Oregon;  born  in  Brownsville,  Linn  county, 
Oreg.,  November  30,  1854;  attended  the  public 
schools  and  the  university  of  California;  entered 
mercantile  business  in  The  Dalles,  Oreg.;  cashier 
of  The  Dalles  National  bank;  member  of  the  city 
council  of  The  Dalles,  1885-1889;  mayor  in  1889, 
and  served  two  terms;  member  of  the  Republican 
state  central  and  congressional  committees  1888- 
1898;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Fifty-sixth 
and  Fifty-seventh  Congresses  (March  4, 1899-March 
3,  1903);  resumed  business  in  The  Dalles,  Oreg. 

Moody,  William  Henry,  a  Representative  from 
Massachusetts;  born  in  Newbury,  Mass.,  December 
23,  1853;  was  graduated  from  Phillips  academy, 
Andover,  Mass.,  in  1872,  and  from  Harvard  uni- 
versity in  1876;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the 
bar  in  1878,  and  practiced  in  Haverhill,  Mass.;  city 
solicitor  1888-1890;  district  attorney  for  the  eastern 
district  of  Massachusetts,  1890  to  1895;  elected  as 
a  Republican  to  the  Fifty-fourth  Congress,  to  fill 
vacancy  caused  by  the  death  of  William  Cogswell, 
reelected  to  the  Fifty-fifth,  Fifty-sixth,  and  Fifty- 
seventh  Congresses,  and  served  from  December  2, 
1895,  until  his  resignation  May  1,  1902;  Secretary 
of  the  Navy  of  the  United  States  in  the  cabinet  of 
President  Roosevelt  from  May  1,  1902,  until  July  1, 
1904;  Attorney  General  of  the  United  States  July  1, 
1904,  to  December  12,  1906;  appointed  by  Presi- 
dent Roosevelt  associate  justice  of  the  Supreme 
Court  of  the  United  States  December  3,  1906,  and 
served  from  December  16, 1906,  until  his  retirement 
by  special  act  of  Congress  approved  June  23,  1910. 

Moon,  John  Austin,  a  Representative  from 
Tennessee;  born  in  Albemarle  county,  Va.,  April 
22,  1855;  moved  with  his  parents  in  1857  to  Bristol, 
Va.,  and  then  to  Chattanooga,  Tenn.;  attended 
King  college,  Tennessee;  studied  law,  and  was  ad- 
mitted to  the  bar  in  March,  1874;  elected  city 
attorney  of  Chattanooga  1881-1882;  member  of  the 
state  Democratic  executive  committee  in  1888; 
commissioned  in  May,  1889,  as  special  circuit 
judge  and  twice  reappointed,  and  held  the  office 
until  January  3,  1891;  appointed  regular  judge  for 
the  fourth  circuit,  and  served  until  August,  1892; 
elected  circuit  judge  in  1892;  reelected  in  1894 
for  a  term  of  eight  years;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to 
the  Fifty-fifth,  Fifty-sixth,  Fifty-seventh,  Fifty- 
eighth,  Fifty-ninth,  Sixtieth,  and  Sixty-first  Con- 
gresses (March  4,  1897-March  3,  1911);  delegate  in 
the  Democratic  national  convention  of  1900.  Re- 
elected  to  the  Sixty-second  Congress. 

Moon,  John  W.,  a  Representative  from  Michi- 
gan; born  in  Wayne  county,  Mich.,  January  18, 
1836;  attended  the  common  schools;  moved  to 


northern  Michigan  in  1854,  and  engaged  in  lumber- 
ing; held  the  offices  of  supervisor,  township  treas- 
urer, and  president  of  village;  located  in  Muske- 
gon,  Mich.,  and  engaged  in  the  manufacture  of 
lumber,  and  in  banking;  elected  to  the  state  senate 
in  1884  and  reelected  in  1886;  elected  as  a  Repub- 
lican to  the  Fifty-third  Congress  (March  4,  1893- 
March  3,  1895);  died  in  Muskegon,  Mich.,  April  5, 
1898. 

Moon,  Reuben  O.,  a  Representative  from 
Pennsylvania;  attended  the  common  schools;  was 
graduated  from  college  in  1874;  professor  in  the 
National  school  of  oratory,  Philadelphia;  engaged 
in  lecturing;  studied  law  and  was  admitted  to 
practice  in  1884;  one  of  the  founders  and  president 
of  the  Columbia  club ;  a  member  of  the  Lawyers' 
club  and  of  the  Historical  society  of  Pennsylvania; 
elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Fifty-eighth  Con- 
gress, to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  the  death  of  Robert 
H.  Foerderer;  reelected  to  the  Fifty-ninth,  Sixtieth 
and  Sixty-first  Congresses,  and  served  from  Novem- 
ber 9, 1903,  to  March  3, 1911.  Reelected  to  the  Sixty- 
second  Congress. 

Moor,  Wyman  Bradbury  Seavy,  a  Senator 
from  Maine;  born  in  Waterville,  Me.,  November 
3,  1814;  pursued  classical  studies,  and  was  grad- 
uated from  Waterville  college;  studied  law  in 
Cambridge,  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1834,  and 
practiced  in  Bangor  and  Waterville,  Me.;  member 
of  the  state  house  of  representatives  in  1839 ;  state 
attorney  general  of  Maine  1844-1848 ;  appointed  to 
the  United  States  Senate,  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by 
the  death  of  John  Fairfield,  and  served  from  Janu- 
ary 5,  1848,  to  May  26,  1848;  appointed  by  Presi- 
dent Buchanan  consul  general  for  British  America 
and  served  1857-1861;  died  in  Lynchburg,  Va., 
February  16,  1869. 

Moore,  Andrew,  a  Representative  and  a 
Senator  from  Virginia;  born  in  Canniscelle,  Augusta 
county,  Va.,  1752;  pursued  an  academic  course; 
studied  law,  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1774; 
served  in  the  Revolutionary  war;  lieutenant  under 
General  Gates  at  the  battle  of  Saratoga,  and  present 
at  the  surrender  of  Burgoyne;  resigned  in  1779  with 
the  rank  of  captain,  and  was  commissioned  briga- 
dier general  of  Virginia  militia,  and  major  general 
in  1808;  member  01  state  legislature  1781-1789,  and 
of  the  Virginia  convention  that  ratified  the  Federal 
constitution  in  1788;  elected  to  the  First,  Second, 
Third,  and  Fourth  Congresses  (March  4,  1789- 
March  3,  1797);  successfully  contested  the  election 
of  Thomas  Lewis  to  the  Eighth  Congress,  and  served 
from  March  5,  1804,  to  November  6,  1804,  when  he 
was  appointed  to  the  United  States  Senate,  to  fill 
vacancy  caused  by  the  resignation  of  William  Gary 
Nicholas,  and  served  from  August  11,  1804,  to 
December  4,  1804;  elected  to  the  United  States 
Senate,  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  the  resignation  of 
Abraham  B.  Venable,  and  served  from  December 
4, 1804,  to  March  3, 1809;  died  near  Lexington,  Va., 
May  14,  1821. 

Moore,  Eliakim  Hastings,  a  Representative 
from  Ohio;  born  in  Worcester  county,  Mass.,  June 
19,  1812;  moved  to  Athens  county,  Ohio,  in  1817; 
attended  the  common  schools,  and  was  graduated 
from  Yale  in  1835;  taught  mathematics  in  univer- 
sities; county  surveyor  1836-1846,  and  auditor 
1846-1860;  collector  of  internal  revenue  1862-1866; 
elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Forty-first  Congress 
(March  4,  1869-March  3,  1871);  died  in  Athens, 
Ohio,  April  4,  1900. 


872 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 


Moore,  Ely,  a  Representative  from  New  York; 
born  in  Sussex  county,  N.  J.,  July  4,  1798;  attended 
the  public  schools;  became  a  printer,  and  edited  a 
labor  paper  in  New  York  City;  elected  as  a  Demo- 
crat to  the  Twenty-fourth  and  Twenty-fifth  Con- 
gresses (March  4,  1835-March  3,  1839;  surveyor 
of  the  port  of  New  York  City  1839-1845;  refused 
appointment  as  minister  to  England  and  was  ap- 
pointed Indian  agent;  register  of  the  United  States 
land  office  in  Kansas;  died  in  Lecompton,  Kans., 
January  27,  1861. 

Moore,  Gabriel,  a  Representative  and  a  Sena- 
tor from  Alabama;  born  in  Stokes  county,  N.  C., 
about  1790;  pursued  an  academic  course;  studied 
law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced 
practice  in  Huntsville,  Ala.;  member  of  the  state 
convention  of  1819;  elected  to  the  Seventeenth 
Eighteenth,  Nineteenth,  and  Twentieth  Congresses 
(March  4,  1821-March  3,  1829);  governor  of  Ala- 
bama 1829-1831;  elected  to  the  United  States 
Senate,  and  served  from  March  4,  1831,  to  March  3, 
1837;  unsuccessful  candidate  for  the  Twenty-fifth 
Congress  in  1836;  removed  to  Caddo,  Texas,  in  1843, 
and  died  there  June  9,  1844. 

Moore,  Henry  D.,  a  Representative  from  Penn- 
sylvania; born  in  Goshen,  N.  Y.,  April  13,  1817; 
moved  to  New  York  City  in  1828;  attended  the 
public  schools;  engaged  in  the  tailoring  business; 
moved  to  Philadelphia  and  engaged  in  the  mahog- 
any and  marble  business;  elected  as  a  Whig  to  the 
Thirty-first  and  Thirty-second  Congresses  (March 
4,  1849-March  3,  1853);  state  treasurer  for  several 
years;  died  in  Philadelphia,  Pa.,  August  11,  1887. 

Moore,  Herman  Allen,  a  Representative  from 
Ohio;  born  in  Plainfield,  Vt.,  August  27,  1909; 
pursued  an  academic  course;  studied  law  in 
Rochester,  N.  Y.,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and 
commenced  practice  in  Columbus,  Ohio;  state  ad- 
jutant general;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the 
Twenty-eighth  Congress,  and  served  from  March  4, 
1843,  until  his  death  in  Columbus,  Ohio,  April  3, 
1844. 

Moore,  Horace  Ladd,  a  Representative  from 
Kansas;  born  in  Mantua,  Portage  county,  Ohio, 
February  25,  1837;  attended  the  common  schools 
and  the  Western  Reserve  eclectic  institute,  Hiram, 
Ohio;  moved  to  Kansas  in  1858;  enlisted  in  the 
Union  army;  in  the  second  Kansas  infantry, 
May  14,  1861,  and  served  continuously  until  June 
30,  1865,  when  he  was  mustered  out  of  the  service 
as  lieutenant  colonel  of  the  fourth  Arkansas  cav- 
alry; commanded  the  eighteenth  and  nineteenth 
regiments  of  Kansas  cavalry;  served  against  the 
Indians  on  the  plains  1867  and  1868;  engaged  in 
mercantile  pursuits,  except  for  two  years  when  he 
was  treasurer  of  Douglas  county,  Kans. ;  as  a  Demo- 
crat successfully  contested  the  election  of  Edward 
H.  Funston  to  the  Fifty-third  Congress,  and  served 
from  August  2,  1894,  until  March  3,  1895;  'vice 
president  of  a  national  bank  in  Lawrence,  Kas. 

Moore,  J.  Hampton,  a  Representative  from 
Pennsylvania;  born  in  Woodbury,  N.  J.,  March  8, 
1864;  attended  the  common  schools;  student  in 
Philadelphia  1877  to  1880;  a  reporter  in  the  courts 
and  on  the  Public  Ledger  in  Philadelphia  1881- 
1894;  chief  clerk  to  city  treasurer,  Philadelphia, 
1894-1897;  secretary  to  the  mayor  in  1900;  city 
treasurer  1901-1903;  appointed  by  President 
Roosevelt  the  first  chief  of  the  Bureau  of  Manu- 
factures, Department  of  Commerce  and  Labor, 
January,  1905;  president  of  the  Allied  Republican 


clubs  of  Philadelphia,  1900-1906;  president  of  the 
Pennsylvania  state  league  of  republican  clubs 
in  1900,  and  reelected  in  1901;  elected  president  of 
the  republican  national  league,  in  Chicago,  in 
1902,  and  reelected  in  Indianapolis  in  1804;  elected 
as  a  Republican  to  the  Fifty-ninth  Congress,  to 
fill  vacancy  caused  by  the  death  of  Gaorge  A. 
Castor;  reelected  to  the  Sixtieth  and  Sixty-first 
Congresses,  and  served  from  December  3,  1906,  to 
March  3,  1911).  Reelected  to  the  Sixty-second  Con- 


Moore,  Jesse  Hale,  a  Representative  from  Illi- 
nois; born  near  Lebanon,  111.,  April  22,  1817;  was 
graduated  from  McKendree  college  in  1842;  taught 
school;  studied  law  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar; 
ordained  a  Methodist  minister  in  1849;  served  in 
the  Civil  war;  colonel  of  the  one  hundred  and 
fifteenth  Illinois  infantry  September  13,  1862; 
brevet  brigadier  general  of  volunteers  May  15, 
1865,  "for  meritorious  services;"  honorably  mus- 
tered out  June  11,  1865;  presiding  elder  of  the 
Decatur  district,  Illinois  conference,  in  1868; 
located  in  Decatur,  III.;  elected  as  a  Republican 
to  the  Forty-first  and  Forty-second  Congresses 
(March  4,  1869-March  3,  1873);  appointed  by 
President  Arthur  United  States  consul  at  Callao, 
Peru,  October  27,  1881,  and  served  until  his  death 
there  July  11,  1883. 

Moore,  John,  a  Representative  from  Louisiana; 
born  in  Berkeley  county,  Va.,  in  1788;  pursued 
an  academic  course;  moved  to  Franklin,  La.; 
member  of  the  state  house  of  representatives 
1825-1834;  elected  as  a  Whig  to  the  Twenty- 
sixth  Congress,  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  the  resig- 
nation of  Rice  Garland;  reelected  to  the  Twenty- 
seventh  Congress,  and  served  from  December  17, 
1840,  to  March  3,  1843;  moved  to  New  Iberia,  La.; 
reelected  to  the  Thirty-second  Congress  (March  4, 
1851-March  3,  1853);  Whig  presidential  elector  in 
1848;  delegate  in  the  state  secession  convention 
of  1861;  died  in  Franklin,  La.,  June  17,  1867. 

Moore,  John  Matthew,  a  Representative 
from  Texas;  born  in  Richmond,  Fort  Bend  county, 
Tex.,  November  18,  1862;  attended  the  common 
schools  of  Richmond  and  the  Agricultural  and 
mechanical  college  in  Bryan,  Tex.;  engaged  in 
mercantile  business,  banking,  stock  raising,  and 
farming;  member  of  the  state  legislature  in  1896; 
declined  a  renomination;  delegate  in  the  Demo- 
cratic national  convention  in  Kansas  City  in 
1900;  elected  aa  a  Democrat  to  the  Fifty-ninth 
Congress,  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  the  death  of 
John  M.  Pinckney;  reelected  to  the  Sixtieth  and 
Sixty-first  Congresses,  and  served  from  December 
4,  1905,  to  March  3,  1911.  Reelected  to  the  Sixty- 
second  Congress. 

Moore,  Laban  T.,  a  Representative  from  Ken- 
tucky; born  in  Cabell  county,  Va.,  January  13, 
1829  j  attended  the  public  schools;  studied  law,  was 
admitted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced  practice  in 
Louisa,  Ky.;  elected  as  a  National  American  to  the 
Thirty-sixth  Congress  (March  4,  1859-March  3, 
1861). 

Moore,  Littleton  Wilde,  a  Representative  from 
Texas;  born  in  Alabama,  March  25,  1835;  moved 
with  his  parents  to  Mississippi;  was  graduated  from 
the  state  university  in  1855;  studied  law  and  was 
admitted  to  the  bar;  moved  to  Texas  in  1857  and 
began  practice  in  Bastrop;  served  in  the  Confed- 
erate army;  elected  to  the  constitutional  conven- 
tion of  Texas  in  1875;  elected  district  judge  in  1876 


BIOGRAPHIES. 


873 


and  remained  upon  the  bench  until  1885 ;  elected  as 
a  Democrat  to  the  Fiftieth,  Fifty-first,  and  Fifty- 
second  Congresses  (March  4,  1887-March  3,  1893); 
appointed  judge  of  the  twenty-second  judicial  dis- 
trict in  1901  and  served  until  his  death  in  La 
Grange,  Tex.,  October  29,  1911. 

Moore,  Nicholas  Ruxton,  a  Representative 
from  Maryland;  native  of  Baltimore,  Md.;  at- 
tended public  schools;  served  in  the  Revolutionary 
war,  and  was  commissioned  lieutenant  colonel 
February  13,  1812;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the 
Eighth,  Ninth,  Tenth,  and  Eleventh  Congresses 
(March  4,  1803-March  3,  1811);  reelected  to  the 
Thirteenth  Congress  (March  4, 1813-March  3, 1815); 
died  in  Baltimore,  Md.,  October  7,  1816. 

Moore,  Orren  Cheney,  a  Representative  from 
New  Hampshire;  born  in  New  Hampton,  N.  H., 
August  10,  1839;  attended  the  public  schools; 
learned  the  trade  of  a  printer  and  became  a  jour- 
nalist; established  the  Nashua  Daily  Telegraph  in 
1869;  served  six  terms  in  the  lower  branch  of  the 
legislature  and  one  term  in  the  upper  branch; 
member  of  the  state  tax  commission;  chairman  of 
the  state  railroad  commission  for  three  years; 
elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Fifty-first  Congress 
(March  4,  1889-March  3,  1891);  died  in  Nashua, 
N.  H.,  May  12,1893. 

Moore,  Oscar  F.,  a  Representative  from  Ohio; 
native  of  that  state;  attended  public  schools;  lo- 
cated in  Portsmouth,  Ohio;  elected  as  a  Republican 


to  the  Thirty-fourth  Congress  (March  4, 1855-March 
3,  1857);  unsuccessful  candidate  for  reelection  to 
the  Thirty-fifth  Congress. 

Moore,  Robert,  a  Representative  from  Penn- 
sylvania; native  of  Washington  county,  Pa.;  pur- 
sued an  academic  course;  elected  to  the  Fifteenth 
and  Sixteenth  Congresses  (March  4,  1817-March  3, 
1821). 

Moore,  Samuel,  a  Representative  from  Penn- 
sylvania; born  in  Deerfield,  N.  J.,  February  8, 
1774;  pursued  an  academic  course,  and  was  gradu- 
ated from  the  university  of  Pennsylvania  in  1792; 
instructor  in  the  university  1792-1794;  studied 
medicine  and  practiced  in  Greenwich,  N.  J.,  and 
in  Doylestown,  Pa.;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the 
Fifteenth  Congress,  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  the 
resignation  of  Samuel  D.  Ingham;  reelected  to  the 
Sixteenth  and  Seventeenth  Congresses,  and  served 
from  November  16,  1818,  until  his  resignation,  May 
20, 1822;  director  of  the  United  States  Mint  in  Phil- 
adelphia 1824-1835;  engaged  in  coal  mining  and 
marketing;  died  in  Doylestown,  Pa.,  February  18, 
1861. 

Moore,  Samuel  McDowell,  a  Representative 
from  Virginia;  born  in  Philadelphia,  Pa.,  February 
9,  1796;  attended  the  public  schools,  and  Washing- 
ton college;  located  in  Lexington,  Va.;  member  of 
Virginia  constitutional  conventions  of  1829  and 
1861;  elected  as  a  Whig  to  the  Twenty-third  Cong- 
gress  (March  4,  1833-March  3,  1835);  unsuccessful 
candidate  for  reelection  to  the  Twenty-fourth  Con- 
gress; served  in  the  Condeferate  army;  died  in  Lex- 
ington, Va.,  September  17,  1875. 

Moore,  Sydenham,  a  Representative  from 
Alabama;  born  in  Rutherford  county,  Tenn.,  in 
1817;  pursued  classical  studies;  attended  University 
of  Alabama  1833-1836;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to 
the  bar,  and  commenced  practice  in  Greensboro, 
Ala.;  judge  of  Greene  county  court  1840-1846,  and 


1848-1850;  and  then  of  the  circuit  court  in  1957; 
served  in  the  Mexican  war  as  captain  in  Colonel 
Coffey's  regiment  of  Alabama  infantry  from  June, 
1846,  to  June,  1847;  elected  bridagier  general  of 
Alabama  militia;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the 
Thirty-fifth  and  Thirty-sixth  Congresses,  and 
served  from  March  4, 1857,  to  January  21, 1861,  when 
he  retired  from  the  House  on  the  secession  of  Ala- 
bama; served  as  colonel  in  the  Confederate  army 
in  the  eleventh  Alabama  regiment;  died  from 
wounds  received  in  the  battle  of  Seven  Pines,  Va 
May  31,  1862. 

Moore,  Thomas,  a  Representative  from  South 
Carolina;  elected  to  the  Seventh,  Eighth,  Ninth, 
Tenth,  Eleventh,  and  Twelfth  Congresses  (March 
4, 1801-March  3, 1813);  reelected  to  the  Fourteenth 
Congress  (March  4,  1815-March  3,  1817). 

Moore,  Thomas  L.,  a  Representative  from  Vir- 
ginia; born  in  Jefferson  county,  Va.;  pursued  an 
academic  course;  elected  to  the  Sixteenth  Con- 
gress, to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  the  resignation  of 
George  L.  Strother;  reelected  to  the  Seventeenth 
Congress,  and  served  from  November  13,  1820,  to 
March  3,  1823. 

Moore,  Thomas  Patrick,  a  Representative 
from  Kentucky;  born  in  Charlotte  county,  Va.,  in 
1797;  attended  the  public  schools;  moved  with  his 
parents  to  Harrodsburg,  Ky.;  attended  Transyl- 
vania university;  served  in  the  W"ar  of  1812;  cap- 
tain in  the  twelfth  Virginia  infantry  March  12, 1812; 
major  eighteenth  infantry  September  20,  1813; 
honorably  discharged  June  15,  1815;  elected  as  a 
Democrat  to  the  Eighteenth,  Nineteenth,  and 
Twentieth  Congresses  (March  4,  1823-March  3, 
1829);  appointed  by  President  Jackson  minister 
plenipotentiary  to  the  United  States  of  Colombia 
March  13,  1829,  and  served  until  April  16,  1833;  re- 
turned to  Kentucky;  presented  credentials  as  Mem- 
ber-elect of  the  Twenty-third  Congress,  but  the 
election  was  contested  by  Robert  P.  Letcher,  and 
the  House  declared  a  new  election  necessary;  ap- 
pointed lieutenant  colonel  of  the  third  United 
States  dragoons  in  the  war  with  Mexico,  and  served 
from  March  3,  1847,  to  July  31,  1848;  delegate  in  the 
Kentucky  constitutional  convention  of  1849-1850; 
died  in  Harrodsburg,  Ky.,  July  21,  1853. 

Moore,  William,  a  Representative  from  New 
Jersey;  born  in  Norristown,  Montgomery  county, 
Pa.,  December  25,  1810;  attended  the  public- 
schools;  studied  law  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar; 
interested  in  mercantile  pursuits  and  iron  works; 
judge  of  the  court  of  common  pleas  for  Atlantic 
county  from  1855  to  1865;  elected  as  a  Republican 
to  the  Fortieth  and  Forty-first  Congresses  (March 
4,  1867-March  3,  1871);  died  in  Mays  Landing, 
N.  J.,  April  26,  1878. 

Moore,  William  Robert,  a  Representative  from 
Tennessee;  born  in  Huntsville,  Ala.,  March  28, 
1830;  moved  with  his  mother  to  Beech  Grove, 
Tenn.;  attended  district  schools,  and  became  a 
clerk,  and  later  proprietor  of  a  dry-goods  store;  en- 
gaged in  the  wholesale  dry  good  business  in  New 
York  City  1856-1859,  and  in  Memphis,  Tenn.,  after 
1859;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Forty-seventh 
Congress  (March  4,  1881-March  3,  1883);  renomin- 
ated,  and  refused  to  accept;  unanimously  presented 
as  candidate  for  Vice  President  of  the  United  States 
by  delegates  from  Mississippi  and  Tennessee  at  the 
Republican  national  convention  in  Chicago  in  1888, 
but  withdrew  his  name;  declined  nomination  for 
governor  of  Tennessee  in  1890. 


874 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIEECTOEY. 


Moore,  William  S.,  a  Representative  from 
Pennsylvania;  born  in  West  Bethlehem,  Pa.,  No- 
vember 18,  1822;  was  graduated  from  Washington 
college  in  1847 ;  studied  law  and  was  admitted  to  the 
bar;  chosen  prothonotary  of  Washington  county  in 
1854;  engaged  in  the  newspaper  business;  elected 
as  a  Republican  to  the  Forty-third  Congress  (March 
4,  1873-March  3,1875). 

Moorhead,  James  Kennedy,  a  Representative 
from  Pennsylvania;  born  in  Halifax,  Pa.,  Septem- 
ber 7,  1806;  attended  the  common  schools;  served 
an  apprenticeship  in  the  tanner's  business,  after 
which  he  became  a  canal  contractor;  superinten- 
dent and  supervisor  on  the  Junlata  canal;  pro- 
jected and  established  the  first  passenger  packet 
line  on  the  Pennsylvania  canal  in  1835;  appointed 
adjutant  general  of  Pennsylvania  in  1838;  con- 
structed the  Monongahela  navigation  canal,  and 
was  president  of  the  company  twenty-one  years; 
elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Thirty-sixth,  Thirty- 
seventh,  Thirty-eighth,  Thirty-ninth,  and  Fortieth 
Congresses  (March  4,  1859-March  4,  1869);  delegate 
in  the  Republican  national  convention  in  1868; 
died  in  Pittsburgh,  Pa.,  March  6,  1884. 

Morehead,  Charles  Slaughter,  a  Representa- 
tive from  Kentucky;  born  in  Nelson  county,  Ky. 
July  7,  1802;  attended  the  public  schools;  studied 
law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced 
practice  in  Frankfort,  Ky.;  member  of  the  state 
house  of  representatives  1828  and  1829;  attorney 
general  of  Kentucky  1830-1835;  again  a  member  of 
the  state  house  of  representatives  1838-1842,  and 
1844,  and  served  the  last  three  years  as  speaker  of 
the  house;  elected  as  a  Whig  to  the  Thirtieth  and 
Thirty-first  Congresses  (March  4,  1847-March  3, 
1851);  again  a  member  of  the  state  legislature  in 
1853;  governor  of  Kentucky  in  1855;  delegate  from 
Kentucky  to  the  peace  convention  held  in  Wash- 
ington, D.  C.,  in  1861;  died  in  Greenville,  Miss., 
December  21,  1868. 

Morehead,  James  Turner,  a  Senator  from 
Kentucky;  born  near  Shepherdsville,  Bullitt 
county,  Ky.,  May  24,  1797;  pursued  an  academic 
course;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1818, 
and  commenced  practice  in  Bowling  Green,  Ky.; 
member  of  the  state  house  of  representatives  1827- 
1830;  elected  lieutenant  governor  of  Kentucky  in 
1832,  and  after  the  death  of  Governor  Breathitt  be- 
came governor  1834-1836;  again  a  member  of  the 
state  house  of  representatives  in  1837;  president  of 
the  state  board  of  internal  improvements  1838- 
1841 ;  elected  as  a  Whig  to  the  United  States  Senate, 
and  served  from  March  4, 1841,  to  March  3, 1847 ;  re- 
turned toCovington,  Ky.,  and  resumed  the  practice 
of  law  until  his  death,  December  28,  1854. 

Morehead,  James  T.,  a  Representative  from 
North  Carolina;  born  in  Greensboro,  N.  C.;  at- 
tended the  public  schools;  elected  as  a  Whig  to  the 
Thirty-second  Congress  (March  4,  1851-March  3, 
1853). 

Morehead,  John  Motley,  a  Representative 
from  North  Carolina;  born  in  Charlotte,  Mecklen- 
burg county,  N.  C.,  July  20,  1866;  attended  the 
common  schools  of  Charlotte,  the  Bingham  military 
school  of  North  Carolina,  and  was  graduated  from 
the  University  of  North  Carolina  in  1886;  also  com- 

Eleted  a  business  course  in  Bryant  &  Stratton  col- 
jge,  Baltimore;  collecting  teller  of  the  Charlotte 
national  bank,  of  Charlotte,  N.  C.;  interested  in 
manufacturing  and  farming:  elected  as  a  Republi- 


can to  the  Sixty-first  Congress  (March  4,   1909- 
March  3,  1911). 

Morey,  Frank,  a  Representative  from  Louisi- 
ana; born  in  Boston,  Mass.,  July  11,  1840;  attended 
the  pub  lie  schools;  moved  to  Illinois  in  1857 ;  studied 
law;  entered  the  Union  army  in  1861  in  the  thirty- 
third  Illinois  infantry,  and  served  until  the  close  of 
the  war,  principally  on  staff  duty,  with  the  rank  of 
captain;  settled  in  Louisiana  in  1866  and  engaged  in 
cotton  planting  and  the  insurance  business;  mem- 
ber of  the  general  assembly" of  Louisiana  in  1868  and 
1869;  appointed  a  commissioner  to  revise  the  stat- 
utes and  codes  of  the  state;  commissioner  to  the 
Vienna  exposition  in  1873;  elected  as  a  Republican 
to  the  Forty-first,  Forty-second,  and  Forty-third 
Congresses  (March  4,  1869-March  3,  1875);  pre- 
sented credentials  as  a  member-elect  to  the  Forty- 
fourth  Congress,  but  the  election  was  successfully 
contested  by  William  B .  Spencer,  who  took  the  seat 
June  8,  1876;  moved  to  Washington,  D.  C.,  and 
died  there  September  22,  1890. 

Morey,  Henry  Lee,  a  Representative  from 
Ohio;  born  in  Butler  county,  Ohio,  April  8,  1841; 
attended  the  common  schools  and  Miami  univer- 
sity; served  in  the  Civil  war,  and  was  successively 
promoted  to  second  lieutenant,  first  lieutenant,  and 
captain;  studied  law,  and  was  graduated  from  the 
Indianapolis  law  school  in  1867;  was  admitted  to 
the  bar  and  practiced  in  Hamilton,  Ohio;  elected 
city  solicitor  of  Hamilton  in  January,  1871;  re- 
elected  for  the  full  term  of  two  years;  elected  pros- 
ecuting attorney  for  Butler  county,  Ohio,  in  1873; 
unsuccessful  candidate  for  election  to  the  state 
senate  in  1875;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the 
Forty-seventh  Congress  (March  4,  1881-March  3, 
1883);  presented  credentials  as  a  member-elect  to 
the  Forty-eighth  Congress,  but  the  election  was 
successfully  contested  by  James  E.  Campbell,  who 
took  the  seat  June  20,  1884;  reelected  to  the  Fifty- 
first  Congress  (March  4,  1889-March  3,  1891);  re- 
sumed the  practice  of  law  until  his  death  in  Day- 
ton, Ohio,  December  30,  1902. 

Morgan,  Charles  Henry,  a  Representative 
from  Missouri;  born  in  Cuba,  Allegany  county, 
N.  Y.,  July  5,  1842;  moved  with  his  parents  to 
Wisconsin;  attended  the  common  schools  and  the 
Fond  du  Lac  high  school;  served  in  the  Union  army 
four  years  and  three  months  as  a  private,  non- 
commissioned officer,  second  and  first  lieutenant, 
and  captain  in  the  First  and  Twenty-first  Wiscon- 
sin infantry;  was  graduated  from  the  Albany,  N 
Y.,  law  school,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  com- 
menced practice  in  Lamar,  Mo.;  prosecuting  attor- 
ney of  Barton  county,  Mo.,  four  years;  member  of 
the  Missouri  legislature  1872-1874;  elected  as  a 
Democrat  to  the  Forty-fourth  and  Forty-fifth  Con- 
gresses (March  4,  1875-March  3,  1879);  reelected  to 
the  Forty-eighth  Congress  (March  4,  1883-March  3, 
1885) ;  delegate  in  the  Democratic  national  conven- 
tion in  Cincinnati  in  1880;  Democratic  elector  at 
large  in  1888;  reelected  to  the  Fifty-third  Congress 
(March  4,  1893-March  3,  1895);  served  in  the  war 
with  Spain  as  lieutenant  colonel  of  the  fifth  Mis- 
souri volunteer  infantry;  reelected  as  a  Republican 
to  the  Sixty-first  Congress  (March  4,  1909-March  3, 
1911);  unsuccessful  candidate  for  reelection  to  the 
Sixty-second  Congress;  died  in  Joplin,  Mo.,  Jan- 
uary 4,  1912. 

Morgan,  Christopher,  a  Representative  from 
New  York;  born  in  Aurora,  N.  Y.,  June  4, 1808;  pur- 
sued classical  studies,  and  was  graduated  from  Yale 
college  in  1830;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the 


BIOGRAPHIES. 


875 


bar,  and  commenced  practice  in  Aurora,  N.  Y.; 
elected  as  a  Whig  to  the  Twenty-sixth  and  Twenty- 
seventh  Congresses  (March  4,  1839-March  3,  1843); 
moved  to  Auburn  in  1843;  secretary  of  state  of  New 
York  four  years;  superintendent  of  the  New  York 
public  schools  1848-1852;  mayor  of  Auburn  in 
1860;  trustee  of  state  lunatic  asylum  in  Utica, 
N.  Y.;  died  in  Auburn,  N.  Y.,  April  3,  1877. 

Morgan,  Daniel,  a  Representative  from  Vir- 
ginia; born  in  Hunterdon  county,  N.  J.,  in  1736; 
moved  to  Virginia;  commissioned  captain  of  a  com- 
pany of  Virginia  riflemen  in  July,  1775;  taken  pris- 
oner at  Quebec  December  31,  1775;  colonel  of  the 
eleventh  Virginia  regiment  November  12,  1776; 
regiment  designated  the  seventh  Virginia  Septem- 
ber 14,  1778;  brigadier  general  in  the  Continental 
army  October  30,  1780;  given  thanks  of  Congress 
and  a  gold  medal  (resolution  of  March  9,  1781)  "for 
fortitude  and  good  conduct  of  himself,  and  officers 
and  men  under  his  command,  in  the  action  at  the 
Cowpens,  S.  C.,  January  17,  1781;"  served  to  the 
close  of  the  war,  and  then  retired  to  his  estate 
known  as  "Saratoga,"  near  Winchester,  Va.;  com- 
manded the  Virginia  militia  ordered  out  by  Presi- 
dent Washington  in  1794  to  suppress  the  whisky 
insurrection  in  Pennsylvania;  presented  creden- 
tials as  a  member-elect  to  the  Fifth  Congress  as  a 
Federalist,  and  the  election  was  unsuccessfully  con- 
tested by  Robert  Rutherford;  served  from  March 
4,  1797,  until  March  3, 1799;  declined  reelection  on 
account  of  ill  health;  died  in  Winchester,  Va., 
July  6,  1802. 

Morgan,  Dick  Thompson,  a  Representative 
from  Oklahoma ;  born  in  Prairie  Creek,  Vigo  county, 
Ind.,  December  6,  1853;  attended  country  schools, 
and  was  graduated  from  the  Prairie  Creek  high 
school  in  1872,  and  from  Union  Christian  college, 
Merom,  Ind.,  in  1876;  was  professor  of  mathematics 
in  Union  Christian  college;  in  1880  was  graduated 
from  the  Central  law  school  of  Indianapolis,  Ind.; 
member  of  the  lower  house  of  the  Indiana  legisla  • 
ture  1880-1881;  appointed  register  of  the  United 
States  land  office  in  Woodward,  Okla.,  by  Presi- 
dent Roosevelt  in  1904,  and  served  until  May  1, 
1908;  was  elected  to  the  Sixty-first  Congress  (March 
4,  1909-March  3,  1911).  Reelected  to  the  Sixty- 
second  Congress. 

Morgan,  Edwin  Barbour,  a  Representative 
from  New  York;  born  in  Aurora,  N.  Y.,  May  2, 
1806;  attended  the  common  schools;  elected  as  a 
Republican  to  the  Thirty-third,  Thirty-fourth, 
and  Thirty-fifth  Congresses  (March  4,  1853-March 
3,  1859);  interested  in  the  New  York  Times;  trustee 
of  Auburn  Theological  seminary  1870-1881 ;  charter 
trustee  of  Wells  college  1868-1881,  and  president  of 
the  board  1878-1881;  trustee  of  Cornell  university 
1865-1874;  died  in  Aurora,  N.  Y.,  October  13,  1881; 
interment  in  Hartford,  Conn. 

Morgan,  Edwin  Dennison,  a  Senator  from 
New  York;  born  in  Washington,  Mass.,  February 
8,  1811;  attended  the  public  schools,  and  Bacon 
academy,  Colchester,  Conn. ;  engaged  in  the  grocery 
business  in  Hartford,  Conn.,  and  afterwards  in  New 
York  City;  member  of  the  city  council  of  Hartford 
in  1832;  moved  to  New  York  City ;  alderman  of  New 
York  City  in  1849;  member  of  the  state  senate 
1850-1853;  state  commissioner  of  immigration  1855- 
1858;  vice  president  of  the  Republican  national 
convention  of  1856;  chairman  of  Republican  na- 
tional committee  1856-1864;  chairman  of  Union 
congressional  committee  in  1864;  governor  of  New 


York  1859-1862;  major-general  of  volunteers  in  the 
Union  army  from  September  28,  1861,  to  January 
1,  1863;  elected  as  a  Union  Republican  to  the 
United  States  Senate,  and  served  from  March  4, 
1863,  to  March  3,  1869;  unsuccessful  candidate  for 
reelection  to  the  United  States  Senate  in  1875; 
unsuccessful  candidate  for  governor  in  1876;  de- 
clined the  office  of  Secretary  of  the  Treasury  in 
1881;  died  in  New  York  City,  February  14,  1883. 

Morgan,  George  Washington,  a  Represent- 
ative from  Ohio;  born  in  Washington,  Pa.,  Sep- 
tember 20,  1820;  entered  Washington  college,  Pa.; 
left  in  1836;  enlisted  in  a  company  commanded  by 
his  brother  and  assisted  Texas  in  gaining  her  inde- 
pendence; rose  to  the  rank  of  captain;  returned  to 
the  United  States;  was  a  cadet  in  the  United  States 
military  academy  July  1,  1841-June  27,  1843; 
studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  com- 
menced practice  in  Mount  Vernon,  Ohio,  in  1843; 
served  in  the  Mexican  war;  colonel  of  the  second 
Ohio  infantry  June  23,  1846;  colonel  of  infantry 
March  3,  1847,  and  of  fifteenth  United  States  infan- 
try April  9,  1847;  brevet  brigadier  general  August 
20,  1847,  "for  gallant  and  meritorious  conduct  at 
the  battles  of  Contreras  and  Churubusco,  Mex.;" 
honorably  discharged  August  7,  1848;  appointed 
consul  at  Marseilles  in  1855;  appointed  minister 
resident  at  Lisbon,  Spain,  in  1858;  served  in  the 
Civil  war;  commissioned  brigadier-general  of  vol- 
unteers November  12,  1861,  and  had  command  of 
the  seventh  division  of  the  army  of  the  Ohio;  with 
General  Sherman  at  Vicksburg;  assigned  to  the 
thirteenth  army  corps;  in  command  at  the  taking 
of  Fort  Hindman,  Ark.;  resigned  June  8,  1863,  on 
account  of  ill  health;  unsuccessful  candidate  for 
election  as  governor  of  Ohio  in  1865;  presented 
credentials  as  a  Democrat  member-elect  to  the 
Fortieth  Congress,  but  the  election  was  success- 
fully contested  by  Columbus  Delano — served  from 
March  4,  1867,  to  June  3,  1868;  elected  to  the 
Forty-first  and  Forty-second  Congresses  (March  4, 
1869-March  3,  1873);  unsuccessful  candidate  for 
reelection  to  the  Forty- third  Congress;  delegate  in 
the  Democratic  national  convention  in  St.  Louis 
in  1876;  died  in  Fort  Monroe,  Va.,  July  26,  1893. 

Morgan,  James,  a  Representative  from  New 
Jersey;  born  in  Amboy,  N.  J.,  December  29,  1756; 
attended  the  public  schools;  served  as  an  officer 
in  the  New  Jersey  line  during  the  Revolutionary 
war;  representative  in  the  general  assembly  in 
Philadelphia,  Pa.,  1794-1799;  elected  as  a  Feder- 
alist to  the  Twelfth  Congress  (March  4,  1811-March 
3,  1813);  became  major-general  of  militia;  died  in 
South  Amboy,  N.  J.,  November  14,  1822;  inter- 
ment in  Morgan,  N.  J. 

Morgan,  James  Bright,  a  Representative 
from  Mississippi;  born  in  Lincoln  county,  Tenn., 
March  14,  1835;  moved  with  his  parents  to  De  Soto 
county,  Miss.,  in  1840;  attended  the  common 
schools;  studied  law  in  Hernando,  and  was  admitted 
to  the  bar  in  1857;  elected  judge  of  probate  before 
the  war;  resigned  and  enlisted  in  the  Confederate 
army;  elected  captain,  and  in  the  organization 
of  the  twenty-ninth  Mississippi  infantry  elected 
major;  promoted  lieutenant-colonel  and  colonel; 
at  the  close  of  the  war  again  elected  judge;  member 
of  the  state  senate  of  Mississippi  1876-1878;  ap- 
pointed, in  October,  1878,  chancellor  of  the  third 
chancery  district,  and  served  four  years;  elected  as 
a  Democrat  to  the  Forty-ninth,  Fiftieth,  and  Fifty- 
first  Congresses  (March  4, 1885-March  3, 1891);  died 
in  Hernando,  Miss.,  June  18,  1892, 


876 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIEECTORY. 


Morgan,  John  Jordan,  a  Representative  from 
New  York;  born  in  Queens  county,  N.  Y.,  in  1769; 
attended  the  public  schools;  member  of  the  state 
house  of  representatives  in  1819;  elected  as  a  Dem- 
ocrat to  the  Seventeenth  and  Eighteenth  Con- 
gresses (March  4,  1821-March  3,  1825);  reelected  to 
the  Twenty-third  Congress,  to  fill  vacancy  caused 
by  the  resignation  of  Cornelius  W.  Lawrence,  and 
served  from  December  1,  1834,  to  March  3,  1835; 
again  a  member  of  the  state  house  of  representa- 
tives in  1836,  and  1840;  died  in  Port  Chester,  N.  Y., 
July  29,  1849. 

Morgan,  John  Tyler,  a  Senator  from  Alabama; 
born  in  Athens,  McMinn  county,  Tenn.,  June  20, 
1824;  pursued  an  academic  course;  moved  with  his 
parents  to  Alabama  in  1833,  and  located  in  Calhoun 
county;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in 
1845,  and  practiced  in  Taladega,  Ala.,  1845-1855; 
moved  to  Dallas  county,  Ala.,  in  1855,  and  prac- 
ticed law  in  Selma  and  Cahaba;  presidential  elec- 
tor on  the  Breckenridge  ticket  in  1860;  delegate  in 
1861  from  Dallas  county  in  the  state  convention 
which  passed  the  ordinance  of  secession;  joined  the 
Confederate  army  in  May,  1861,  as  a  private  in 
Company  I,  Cahaba  rifles,  and  when  that  com- 
pany was  assigned  to  the  fifth  Alabama  regiment, 
under  Col.  Robert  E.  Rhodes,  was  elected  major 
and  lieutenant  colonel  of  that  regiment;  commis- 
sioned in  1862  as  colonel,  and  raised  the  fifty-first 
Alabama  cavalry;  appointed  brigadier  general  in 
1863  and  assigned  to  a  brigade  in  Virginia,  but  re- 
signed to  join  his  regiment,  whose  colonel  had  been 
killed  in  battle;  later  in  1863  again  appointed  brig- 
adier general  and  assigned  to  an  Alabama  brigade 
which  included  his  regiment;  after  the  war  resumed 
the  practice  of  law  in  Selma,  Ala.,  Democratic 
presidential  elector  on  the  Tilden-Hendricks  ticket 
in  1876;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  United  States 
Senate  March  5,  1877;  reelected  in  1882, 1888, 1894, 
1900,  and  1906,  and  served  from  March  4,  1877,  un- 
til his  death  in  Washington,  D.  C.,  June  11,  1907; 
interment  in  Selma,  Ala. 

Morgan,  Stephen,  a  Representative  from 
Ohio;  born  in  Jackson  county,  Ohio,  January  25, 
1854;  attended  the  common  schools  of  Worthington 
and  Lebanon,  Ohio;  taught  in  the  public  schools 
of  Jackson  county  for  a  number  of  years;  school 
examiner  for  nine  years,  and  principal  of  Oak  Hill 
academy  for  fifteen  years;  elected  as  a  Republican 
to  the  Fifty-sixth,  Fifty-seventh,  and  Fifty-eighth 
Congresses  (March  4,  1899-March  3,  1905). 

Morgan,  William  S.,  a  Representative  from 
Virginia;  born  in  Monongalia  county,  Va.,  Sep- 
tember 7,  1801;  attended  the  public  schools; 
engaged  in  farming  at  White  Day,  Va. ;  elected  as  a 
Democrat  to  the  Twenty-fourth  and  Twenty-fifth 
Congresses  (March  4,  1835TMarch  3,  1839);  clerk  of 
the  House  of  Representatives  in  1840;  declined  a 
renomination  for  the  Twenty-sixth  Congress;  mem- 
ber of  the  state  house  of  representatives  1840-1841; 
Democratic  presidential  elector  on  the  Folk-Dallas 
ticket  in  1844;  a  natxiralist  in  the  employ  of  the 
Smithsonian  Institution,  Washington,  D.  C.,  until 
shortly  before  his  death  in  1876. 

Morphia,  Joseph  Lewis,  a  Representative 
from  Mississippi;  born  in  McNairy  county,  Tenn., 
April  17, 1831 ;  pursued  elementary  studies,  and  be- 
came a  planter;  member  of  the  state  legislature  of 
Tennessee  in  1859;  entered  the  Confederate  army 
as  captain  in  August,  1861,  and  served  until  the 
close  of  the  war;  moved  his  family  to  Pontptoc, 
Miss.,  in  1863;  member  of  the  state  constitutional 


convention  of  Mississippi  in  1865;  member  of  the 
state  legislature  1866-1868;  elected  as  a  Republican 
to  the  Forty-first  and  Forty-second  Congresses,  and 
served  from  February  28,  1870,  to  March  3,  1873; 
appointed  by  President  Hayes  United  States  mar- 
shal of  the  northern  district  of  Mississippi,  and 
served  1877-1885;  licensed  as  an  Indian  trader  on 
the  Osage  reservation  in  1890. 

Morrell,  Daniel  Johnson,  a  Representative 
from  Pennsylvania;  born  in  North  Berwick,  Me 
August  8,  1821;  attended  the  public  schools; 
moved  to  Philadelphia,  Pa.,  in  1836;' entered  a 
counting  room  as  clerk,  and  became  a  merchant; 
moved  in  1855  to  Johnstown,  Pa.,  and  engaged  in 
the  manufacture  of  iron  and  steel;  held  several  local 
offices;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Fortieth  and 
Forty-first  Congresses  (March  4,  1867-March  3, 
1871);  unsuccessful  Republican  candidate  for  re- 
election to  the  Forty-second  Congress;  commissioner 
to  the  Paris  exposition  of  1878;  died  in  Johnstown, 
Pa.,  August  20,  1885. 

Morrell,  Edward  de  Veaux,  a  Representative 
from  Pennsylvania;  born  in  Newport,  R.  I.,  Au- 
gust 7,  1863;  was  graduated  from  the  University  of 
Pennsylvania  in  1885;  elected  to  the  select  council 
of  Philadelphia  in  1891,  and  served  three  years;  ac- 
tive in  the  national  guard  of  Pennsylvania;  colonel 
of  the  Third  regiment,  and  afterwards  commis- 
sioned brigadier  general,  and  commanded  the 
first  brigade;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Fifty- 
sixth  Congress,  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  the  death 
of  Alfred  C.  Harmer;  reelected  to  the  Fifty-seventh, 
Fifty-eighth,  and  Fifty-ninth  Congresses,  and 
served  from  December  3,  1900,  to  March  3,  1905;  a 
resident  of  Torresdale,  Pa. 

Morrill,  David  Lawrence,  a  Senator  from  New 
Hampshire;  born  in  Epping,  N.  H.,  June  10,  1772; 
pursued  an  academic  course;  studied  medicine, 
and  practiced  in  Epsom,  N.  H.,  1793-1800;  moved 
to  Goffstown  and  practiced  1811-1831;  studied  the- 
ology, and  was  pastor  of  the  Congregational  church 
in  Goffstown  1802-1811;  member  of  the  state  gen- 
eral court  1808-1817,  and  served  as  speaker  in  1816; 
elected  as  an  Adams  Democrat  to  the  United  States 
Senate,  and  served  from  March  4,  1817,  to  March  3, 
1823;  member  and  president  of  the  state  senate 
1823-1824;  governor  of  New  Hampshire  1824-1827; 
moved  in  1831  to  Concord;  edited  the  New  Hamp- 
shire Observer  1831-1833;  died  in  Concord,  N.  H., 
January  28,  1849. 

Morrill,  Anson  Peaslee,  a  Representative  from 
Maine;  born  in  Belgrade,  Me.,  June  10,  1803; 
attended  the  public  schools;  postmaster,  and  held 
other  local  offices;  engaged  in  mercantile  and 
manufacturing  pursuits  in  1824;  moved  to  Madison, 
and  then  to  Readfield,  N.  H.,  in  1844;  member  of 
the  state  house  of  representatives  in  1833;  sheriff  of 
Somerset  county  in  1839;  governor  of  Maine  in 
1855;  delegate  in  the  Republican  national  conven- 
tion of  1856;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Thirty- 
seventh  Congress  (March  4,  1861-March  3,  1863); 
moved  to  Augusta,  Me.,  in  1879;  member  of  the 
state  house  of  representatives  in  1880;  president  of 
the  Maine  Central  railroad  1871-1887;  died  in  Au- 
gusta, Me.,  July  4,  1887. 

Morrill,  Edmund  Needham,  a  Representative 
from  Kansas;  born  in  Westbrook,  Cumberland 
county,  Me.,  February  12,  1834;  attended  West- 
brook  academy,  and  was  superintendent  of  the 
Westbrook  schools  1856-1857;  moved  to  Kansas; 
member  of  the  territorial  legislature  of  Kansas  in 


BIOGRAPHIES. 


877 


1857-1858;  enlisted  in  the  Union  army  October  5, 
1861,  and  served  in  the  seventh  Kansas  cavalry; 
promoted  to  sergeant  October  10,  1861;  appointed 
commissary  of  subsistence  in  August,  1862;  muster- 
tered  out  as  major  in  October,  1865;  clerk  of  the  dis- 
trict court  of  Brown  county,  Kans.,  1866-1868; 
county  clerk  in  1868, 1869,  and  1871 ;  member  of  the 
Kansas  senate  in  1872-1874,  and  1876-1880,  and 
served  as  president  pro  tempore  in  1877;  elected  as 
a  Republican  to  the  Forty-eighth,  Forty-ninth, 
Fiftieth,  and  Fifty-first  Congresses  (March  4,  1883- 
March  3,  1891);  manager  of  the  soldiers'  home  in 
1890;  governor  of  Kansas,  1895-1897;  unsuccessful 
candidate  for  reelection;  died  in  Hiawatha,  Kans., 
March  14,  1909. 

Morrill,  Justin  Smith,  a  Representative  and  a 
Senator  from  Vermont;  born  in  Strafford,  Vt., 
April  14,  1810;  attended  the  common  schools,  and 
Thetford  and  Randolph  academies;  a  merchant's 
clerk  in  Strafford  1825-1828,  and  in  Portland,  Me., 
1828-1831;  merchant  in  Strafford  1831-1855,  and 
devoted  to  agriculture  and  horticulture  1848-1855; 
elected  as  a  Whig  to  the  Thirty-fourth,  Thirty- 
fifth,  Thirty-sixth,  Thirty-seventh,  Thirty-eighth, 
and  Thirty-ninth  Congresses  (March  4, 1855-March 
3,  1867);  author  of  the  tariff  act  of  1861,  and  of 
the  land-grant  bill,  which  passed  both  houses  and 
was  vetoed  by  President  Buchanan  but  which 
became  a  law  in  1862;  elected  as  a  Union 
Republican  to  the  United  States  Senate;  reelected 
in  1872,  1878,  1884,  1890,  and  1896,  and  served  from 
March  4,  1867,  until  his  death;  was  regent  of  the 
Smithsonian  Institution  for  several  years  from  1880; 
trustee  of  the  University  of  Vermont  1865-1898; 
died  in  Washington,  D.  C.,  December  28, 


Morrill,  Lot  Myrick,  a  Senator  from  Maine; 
born  in  Belgrade,  Me.,  May  3,  1813;  attended 
district  schools  and  Waterville  college,  Maine; 
studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1837,  and 
commenced  practice  in  Readfield ;  moved  to  Au- 
gusta in  1841;  member  of  the  state  senate  in  1854 
and  1856,  and  presided  over  the  senate  the  last  year; 
governor  of  Maine,  1858-1860;  elected  as  a  Republi- 
can to  the  United  States  Senate,  to  fill  vacancy 
caused  by  the  resignation  of  Hannibal  Hamlin;  re- 
elected  in  1863,  and  served  from  January  9, 1861,  to 
March  3,  1869;  resumed  the  practice  of  law  in  Au- 
gusta; appointed  in  December,  1869,  and  subse- 
quently elected  to  the  United  States  Senate,  to  fill 
vacancy  caused  by  the  death  of  William  Pitt  Fes- 
senden;  reelected  in  1871,  and  served  from  October 
30,  1869,  until  his  resignation  July  7,  1876;  Secre- 
tary of  the  Treasury  of  the  United  States  in  the 
cabinets  of  Presidents  Grant  and  Hayes  from  July 
7,  1876,  to  March  8,  1877;  appointed  by  President 
Hayes  collector  of  customs  in  Portland,  Me.,  March 
13,  1877;  died  in  Augusta,  Me.,  January  10,  1883. 

Morrill,  Samuel  Plummer,  a  Representative 
from  Maine;  born  in  Chesterville,  Franklin  county, 
Me.,  February  11,  1816;  pursued  an  academic 
course;  studied  theology  and  ordained  a  minister, 
and  held  pastorates  in  Maine;  elected  in  1857,  for 
five  years,  register  of  deeds  for  Franklin  county, 
and  reelected  to  the  same  office  in  1867;  elected  as 
a  Republican  to  the  Forty-first  Congress  (March  4, 
1869-March  3,  1871);  died  in  Chesterville,  Me  , 
August  4,  1892. 

Morris,  Calvary,  a  Representative  from  Ohio, 
born  in  Charleston,  Kanawha  county,  Va.  (now 
West  Virginia),  January  15,  1798;  attended  the 
public  schools;  moved  to  Ohio  in  1819,  and  located 
in  Athens;  sheriff  of  Athens  county  1823-1827; 


member  of  the  state  house  of  representatives  1827- 
1829;  member  of  the  state  senate  1829-1835;  again 
member  of  the  state  house  of  representatives  1835- 
1836;  elected  as  a  Whig  to  the  Twenty-fifth, 
Twenty-sixth,  and  Twenty-seventh  Congresses 
(March  4,  1837-March  3,  1843);  removed  to  Cin- 
cinnati, Ohio,  in  1854;  returned  to  Athens  and  in 
1854  was  elected  probate  judge  of  Athens  county; 
died  in  Athens,  Ohio,  October  13,  1871. 

Morris,  Charles,  a  Delegate  from  Pennsylvania; 
eat  in  the  Continental  Congress  1783-1784. 

Morris,  Daniel,  a  Representative  from  New 
York;  born  in  Fayette,  Seneca  county,  N.  Y.,  Jan- 
uary 4,  1812;  attended  the  public  schools,  and  the 
Canandaigua  academy,  in  Ontario  county,  N.  Y.; 
studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1845,  and 
began  practice  in  Penn  Yan,  N.  Y.;  district  attor- 
ney of  Yates  county,  N.  Y.,  1847-1850;  member  of 
the  state  house  of  representatives  in  1859;  elected 
as  a  Republican  to  the  Thirty-eighth  and  Thirty- 
ninth  Congresses  (March  4,  1863-March  3,  1867); 
died  in  Penn  Yan,  N.  Y.,  April  22,  1889. 

Morris,  Edward  Joy,  a  Representative  from 
Pennsylvania;  born  in  Philadelphia,  Pa.,  July  16, 
1815;  attended  the  University  of  Pennsylvania; 
was  graduated  from  Harvard  college  in  1836;  waa 
admitted  to  the  bar,  and  practiced  in  Philadelphia; 
member  of  the  state  house  of  representatives  1841- 
1843;  elected  as  a  Whig  to  the  Twenty -eighth 
Congress  (March  4,  1843-March  3,  1845);  charge1 
d'affaires  to  Naples  January  20,  1850,  to  August  26, 
1853;  again  member  of  the  state  house  of  represent- 
atives in  1856;  reelected  to  the  Thirty-fifth  and 
Thirty-sixth  Congresses  (March  4,  1857-March  3, 
1861);  appointed  minister  resident  to  Turkey  June 
8,  1861,  and  served  until  October  25, 1870;  died  in 
Philadelphia,  Pa.,  December  31,  1881. 

Morris,  Gouverneur,  a  Delegate  and  a  Senator 
from  New  York;  born  in  Morrisania,  N.  Y.,  January 
31,  1752;  was  graduated  from  Kings  college,  New 
York,  in  1768;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar 
in  1771,  and .  commenced  practice  in  New  York 
City;  delegate  in  the  New  York  provincial  congress 
in  1775;  Delegate  in  the  Continental  Congress,  to 
fill  vacancy  caused  by  the  resignation  of  his  father, 
Lewis  Morris,  1777-1780;  appointed  assistant  min- 
ister of  finance  in  1781,  and  served  four  years; 
member  of  the  convention  that  framed  the  Con- 
stitution of  the  United  States  in  1787;  minister 
plenipotentiary  to  France  January  12,  1792,  until 
August  15,  1794;  returned  to  the  United  States  in 
1798;  elected  as  a  Federalist  to  the  United  States 
Senate,  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  the  resignation 
of  Philip  Schuyler,  and  served  from  April  3,  1800, 
to  March  3, 1803 ;  returned  to  New  York  City ;  chair- 
man of  the  Erie  canal  commission  1810-1813;  died 
in  Morrisania,  N.  Y.,  November  6,  1816. 

Morris,  Isaac  Newton,  a  Representative  from 
Illinois;  born  in  Bethel,  Ohio,  January  22,  1812; 
attended  Miami  university,  Ohio;  studied  law,  was 
admitted  to  the  bar  in  1835,  and  commenced  prac- 
tice in  Quincy,  111.,  in  1836;  appointed  as  secretary 
of  state  of  Illinois  in  1840,  but  declined;  president 
of  the  Illinois  and  Michigan  canal  company  in 
1 841 ;  member  of  the  state  house  of  representatives 
1846-1848;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Thirty- 
fifth  and  Thirty-sixth  Congresses  (March  4,  1857- 
March  3,  1861);  appointed  by  President  Grant  com- 
missioner for  the  Union  Pacific  railroad  in  1869; 
died  in  Quincy,  111.,  October  29,  1879. 


878 


CONGRESSIONAL   DIRECTORY. 


Morris,  James  Remley,  a  Representative  from 
Ohio;  born  in  Waynesburg,  Greene  county,  Pa., 
January  10,  1820;  attended  the  public  schools; 
moved  with  his  parents  to  Ohio;  member  of  the 
state  house  of  representatives  in  1848;  elected  as  a 
Democrat  to  the  Thirty-seventh  and  Thirty-eighth 
Congresses  (March  4,  1861-March  3,  1865);  unsuc- 
cessful candidate  for  reelection  to  the  Thirty-ninth 
Congress;  died  in  Woodsfield,  Allegheny  county, 
Pa.,  December  24,  1899. 

Morris,  Jonathan  David,  a  Representative 
from  Ohio;  born  in  Columbia,  Hamilton  county, 
Ohio,  October  8,  1804;  attended  the  public  schools; 
studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  com- 
menced practice  in  Batavia,  Ohio;  for  twenty  years 
clerk  of  the  courts  of  Clermont  county;  elected  as  a 
Democrat  to  the  Thirtieth  and  Thirty-first  Con- 
gresses (March  4,  1847-March  3,  1851);  died  in  Con- 
nersville,  Ind.,  May  16,  1875. 

Morris,  Joseph,  a  Representative  from  Ohio; 
born  in  Greene  county,  Pa.,  October  16,  1795; 
attended  the  public  schools;  sheriff  of  Greene 
county  in  1824;  moved  to  Woodsfield,  Ohio,  in 
1829,  and  engaged  in  mercantile  pursuits;  member 
of  the  state  house  of  representatives  1833-1834; 
treasurer  of  Monroe  county ;  elected  as  a  Democrat 
to  the  Twenty -eighth  and  Twenty-ninth  Congresses 
(March  4,  1843-March  3,  1847);  died  i:  " 


Ohio,  October  23,  1854. 


in  Woodsfield, 


Morris,  Lewis,  a  Delegate  from  New  York;  born 
in  Morrisania,  N.  Y.,  April  8,  1726;  entered  Yale 
college  with  the  class  of  1746;  devoted  himself  to 
agricultural  pursuits;  served  in  the  Revolutionary 
war;  Delegate  in  the  Continental  Congress  1775- 
1777;  signer  of  the  Declaration  of  Independence; 
member  of  the  state  assembly;  held  the  commis- 
sion of  major  general  of  militia;  died  in  Morrisania, 
N.  Y.,  January  22,  1798. 

Morris,  Lewis  R.,  a  Representative  from  Ver- 
mont; bom  in  Scarsdale,  N.  Y.,  November  2,  1760; 
attended  the  public  schools;  moved  to  Springfield, 
Vt.,  in  1786;  member  of  the  convention  to  ratify  the 
Federal  Constitution;  member  of  the  general  assem- 
bly in  1795-1796,  and  1803-1808;  secretary  of  the 
constitutional  convention  in  Windsor  in  1793; 
elected  as  a  Federalist  to  the  Fifth,  Sixth,  and 
Seventh  Congresses  (March  4,  1797-March  3,  1803); 
died  in  Springfield,  Vt.,  December  29,  1825. 

Morris,  Mathias,  a  Representative  from  Penn- 
sylvania; born  in  Hilltown,  Pa.,  in  1785;  attended 
the  public  schools ;  elected  as  a  Whig  to  the  Twenty- 
fourth  and  Twenty -fifth  Congresses  (March  4,  1835- 
March  3,  1839);  unsuccessful  candidate  for  reelec- 
tion to  the  Twenty-sixth  Congress;  died  in  Doyles- 
town,  Pa.,  November  9,  1839. 

Morris,  Robert  Page  Waller,  a  Representative 
from  Minnesota;  born  in  Lynchburg,  Va.,  June  30, 
1853;  attended  a  private  school  and  William  and 
Mary  college;  was  graduated  from  the  Virginia  mili- 
tary institute  in  1872;  assistant  professor  of  mathe- 
matics 1872-1873;  professor  of  mathematics  in  the 
Texas  military  institute  in  1873,  and  moved  to 
Austin,  Tex.;  professor  of  applied  mathematics  in 
the  Agricultural  and  Mechanical  college  of  Texas 
in  1876;  located  near  Bryan,  Tex. ;  studied  law,  was 
admitted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced  practice  in 
Lynchburg,  Va.,  in  1880;  unsuccessful  candidate 
for  election  to  the  Forty -ninth  Congress;  moved  to 
Duluth,  Minn.,  in  1886;  in  February,  1889,  elected 
municipal  judge  of  Duluth;  in  March,  1894,  elected 


city  attorney  of  Duluth ;  in  August,  1895,  appointed 
district  judge  of  the  eleventh  judicial  district  of 
Minnesota;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Fifty- 
fifth,  Fifty-sixth,  and  Fifty-seventh  Congresses 
(March  4,  1897-March  3,  1899);  declined  a  nomi- 
nation for  the  Fifty-eighth  Congress;  appointed 
United  States  district  judge  in  Minnesota,  and  a 
resident  in  Duluth,  Minn. 

Morris,  Robert,  a  Delegate  and  a  Senator  from 
Pennsylvania;  born  in  Liverpool,  England,  Janu- 
ary 20, 1734;  came  to  Oxford,  Md.,  in  1747 ;  attended 
the  public  schools;  became  a  merchant  in  Phila- 
delphia in  1748;  signed  the  nonimportation  agree- 
ment of  1765;  Delegate  in  the  Continental  Congress 
1776-1778;  signer  of  the  Declaration  of  Independ- 
ence; located  upon  the  Manheim  estate;  represent- 
ative in  the  state  assembly  1778-1779,  and  1780; 
superintendent  of  finance  1781-1784;  established 
the  Bank  of  North  America;  member  of  Penn- 
sylvania legislature  in  1785-1787;  Delegate  in  the 
Constitutional  Convention  of  1787;  elected  to  the 
United  States  Senate,  and  served  from  March  4, 
1789,  to  March  3,  1795;  declined  position  of  Secre- 
tary of  the  Treasury  under  President  Washington; 
became  financially  involved  by  unsuccessful  land 
speculations,  which  caused  him  to  be  imprisoned 
for  debt  from  February  16,  1798,  to  August  26, 
1801;  died  in  Philadelphia,  Pa.,  May  8,  1806. 

Morris,  Samuel  Wells,  a  Representative  from 
Pennsylvania;  born  in  Philadelphia,  Pa.,  Septem- 
ber 1,  1786;  pursued  an  academic  course;  studied 
law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced  prac- 
tice in  Wellsboro,  Tiogo  county,  Pa.;  judge  of  the 
district  court;  first  treasurer  of  Wellsboro  county; 

Eostmaster  for  many  years;  member  of  the  state 
ouse  of  representatives;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to 
the    Twenty-fifth    and    Twenty-sixth    Congresses 
(March  4,  1837-March  3,  1841);  died  in  Wellsboro, 
Pa.,  May  25,  1847. 

Morris,  Thomas,  a  Senator  from  Ohio;  born 
in  Berks  county,  Pa.,  January  3, 1776;  attended  the 
public  schools;  enlisted  as  a  ranger  and  fought 
against  the  Indians  in  1792;  moved  to  Columbia, 
Ohio  (now  a  part  of  Cincinnati),  in  1795,  and  clerked 
in  a  store;  moved  to  Williamsburg,  Ohio,  in  1800; 
studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  com- 
menced practice  in  Bethel,  Ohio,  1804;  member 
of  the  state  house  of  representatives  from  Cler- 
mont county  1806-1807;  from  Clermont  and  Cham- 
paign counties  1808-1809;  from  Clermont  1810- 
1812,  and  1820-1821;  state  senator  1813-1815,  1821- 
1823,  1825-1829,  and  1831-1833;  judge  of  the  state 
supreme  court  1815-1820;  elected  as  a  Democrat 
to  the  United  States  Senate,  and  served  from 
March  4,  1833,  to  March  3,  1839;  nominated  for 
Vice  President  of  the  United  States  on  the  Liberty 
ticket  with  J.  G.  Birney  in  1843;  died  in  Bethel, 
Ohio,  December  7,  1844. 

Morris,  Thomas,  a  Representative  from  New 
York;  born  in  Philadelphia,  Pa.,  February  26, 
1771;  attended  school  in  Geneva,  Switzerland, 
1781-1786,  and  the  University  of  Leipsic  1786- 
1788;  returned  to  Philadelphia;  studied  law,  was 
admitted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced  practice  in 
Canandaigua,  N.  Y.;  member  of  the  state  house  of 
representatives  1794-1796;  elected  to  the  Seventh 
Congress  (March  4,  1801-March  3,  1803);  resumed 
the  practice  of  law  in  New  York  City  in  1803; 
elected  United  States  marshal  for  the  eastern  dis- 
trict of  New  York,  and  served  for  many  vears; 
died  in  New  York  City,  March  12,  1849. 


BIOGRAPHIES. 


879 


Morrison,  George  Washington,  a  Represent- 
ative from  New  Hampshire;  born  in  Fairlee,  Vt., 
October  16,  1809;  attended  the  public  schools; 
moved  to  Manchester,  N.  H.;  studied  law,  was  ad- 
mitted to  the  bar,  and  commenced  practice  in  Man- 
chester in  1836;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the 
Thirty-first  Congress  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  the 
resignation  of  James  Wilson,  and  served  from 
March  3, 1851,  to  March  3, 1853;  unsuccessful  candi- 
date for  election  to  the  Thirty-second  Congress; 
elected  to  the  Thirty-third  Congress  (March  4, 
1853-March  3, 1855);  unsuccessful  Democratic  can- 
didate for  election  to  the  Thirty-fourth  Congress; 
died  in  Manchester,  N.  H.,  December  21,  " 


Morrison,  James  Lowery  Donaldson,  a  Rep- 
resentative from  Illinois;  born  in  Kaskaskia,  111., 
April  12,  1816;  pursued  an  academic  course; 
studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  com- 
menced practice  in  Belleville,  111.;  served  in 
the  Mexican  war  as  lieutenant  colonel  of  Bis- 
sell's  regiment  of  Illinois  volunteers  July  1, 
1846,  to  July  1,  1847;  member  of  the  senate  of 
Illinois  in  1854;  elected  as  a  Whig  to  the  Thirty- 
fourth  Congress,  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  the  resig- 
nation of  Lyman  Trumbull,  before  the  beginning 
of  the  Congress,  and  served  from  December  1, 1856, 
to  March  3,  1857;  died  in  St.  Louis,  Mo.,  August 
14,  1888. 

Morrison,  John  Alexander,  a  Representative 
from  Pennsylvania;  born  in  Colerain,  Lancaster 
county,  Pa.,  January  31,  1814;  attended  the  public 
schools,  and  studied  medicine;  located  in  Cochran- 
ville,  Pa.,  and  practiced  his  profession;  elected  as 
a  Democrat  to  the  Thirty-second  Congress  (March 
4,  1851-March  3,  1853);  died  in  Cochranville,  Pa., 
July  27,  1904. 

Morrison,  Martin  Andrew,  a  Representative 
from  Indiana;  born  in  Frankfort,  Ind.,  April  15, 
1862;  attended  the  public  schools,  and  was  gradu- 
ated from  Butler  university  in  June,  1883,  and 
from  the  University  of  Virginia;  studied  law,  was 
admitted  to  the  bar,  and  practiced  in  Frankfort; 
county  attorney;  member  of  the  school  board  of 
the  city  of  Frankfort;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the 
Sixty-first  Congress  (March  4,  1909-March  3,  1911). 
Reelected  to  the  Sixty-second  Congress. 

Morrison,  William  Rails,  a  Representative 
from  Illinois;  born  in  Monroe  county,  111.,  Sep- 
tember 14,  1825;  attended  common  schools  and  Mc- 
Kendree  college,  Illinois;  served  in  the  war  with 
Mexico;  went  to  California  with  the  gold  seekers 
in  1849,  but  returned  to  Illinois  in  1851;  studied 
law  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar;  clerk  of  the  cir- 
cuit court  of  Monroe  county,  111.,  1852-1854;  mem- 
ber of  the  Illinois  house  of  representatives  1854- 
1860,  and  again  1871-1872,  and  served  as  speaker 
1859-1860;  organized  and  was  colonel  of  the  forty- 
ninth  Illinois  infantry  in  the  Civil  war;  was  se- 
verely wounded  in  the  siege  of  Fort  Donelson; 
while  in  command  of  his  regiment  in  the  field 
was  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Thirty-eighth 
Congress  (March  4,  1863-March  3,  1865);  re- 
elected  to  the  Forty-third,  Forty-fourth,  Forty- 
fifth,  Forty-sixth,  Forty-seventh.  Forty-eighth, 
and  Forty-ninth  Congresses  (March  4,  1873-March 
3, 1887);  delegate  in  the  Union  national  convention 
in  Philadelphia  in  1866,  and  in  the  Democratic 
national  conventions  of  1856,  1868,  1884,  and  1888; 
appointed  by  President  Cleveland  a  member  of  the 
Interstate  commerce  commission;  reappointed  by 
President  Harrison  in  July,  1892;  chairman  of  the 


commission  from  September,  1891,  to  December  31, 
1897;  resumed  the  practice  of  law  in  Waterloo,  111. 

Morrissey,  John,  a  Representative  from  New 
York;  bom  in  county  Tipperary,  Ireland,  Febru- 
ary 12,  1831;  came  to  the  United  States  in  1833,  and 
located  in  South  Troy,  N.  Y.;  attended  the 
public  schools;  moved  to  New  York  City  in  1848; 
went  to  California  in  1851:  returned  to  New  York; 
proprietor  of  gambling  houses  in  New  York  and 
Saratoga;  purchased  the  controlling  interest  in  the 
Saratoga  race  course  in  1863;  elected  as  a  Democrat 
to  the  Fortieth  and  Forty-first  Congresses  (March 
4,  1867-March  3,  1871);  elected  to  the  state  senate 
in  1875  and  1877;  died  in  Saratoga  Springs,  N.  Y., 
May  1,  1878. 

Morrow,  Jeremiah,  a  Representative  and  a 
Senator  from  Ohio;  born  near  Gettysburg,  Pa., 
October  6,  1771;  attended  the  public  schools; 
moved  to  the  Northwest  Territory  (now  the  state 
of  Ohio)  in  1795;  delegate  in  the  state  constitu- 
tional convention  of  1802;  member  of  the  territorial 
house  of  representatives  1801-1802;  member  of  the 
state  senate  in  1803;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the 
Eighth,  Ninth,  Tenth,  Eleventh,  and  Twelfth 
Congresses  (March  4,  1803-March  3,  1813);  elected 
to  the  United  States  Senate,  and  served  from  March 
4,  1813,  to  March  3,  1819;  presidential  elector  on 
the  Monroe  ticket  in  1821;  governor  of  Ohio  1823- 
1826;  again  a  state  senator  1827-1828;  state  rep- 
resentative 1829-1830,  and  1835^1836;  state  canal 
commissioner;  elected  as  a  Whig  to  the  Twenty- 
sixth  Congress,  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  the 
resignation  of  Thomas  Corwin;  reelected  to  the 
Twenty-seventh  Congress,  and  served  from  De- 
cember 7,  1840,  to  March  3,  1843;  died  in  Twenty- 
mile  Stand,  Warren  county,  Ohio,  March  22,  1852. 

Morrow,  John,  a  Representative  from  Vir- 
ginia; elected  to  the  Ninth  and  Tenth  Congresses 
(March  4,  1805-March  3,  1809). 

Morrow,  William  W.,  a  Representative  from 
California;  born  near  Milton,  Wayne  county,  Ind., 
July  15,  1843;  moved  with  his  parents  to  Adams 
county,  111.,  in  1845;  went  to  California  in  1859; 
attended  the  common  schools;  appointed  special 
agent  of  the  Treasury  Department  in  January, 
1865,  and  placed  in  charge  of  a  large  shipment  of 
treasure  to  California;  employed  during  the  next 
four  years  in  confidential  positions  under  the  Sec- 
retary of  the  Treasury ;  studied  law  and  was  admitted 
to  the  bar  in  1869 ;  assistant  United  States  attorney 
for  California  1870-1874;  chairman  of  the  Repub- 
lican state  central  committee  of  California  1879- 
1882;  attorney  for  the  state  board  of  harbor  com- 
missioners 1880-1883;  delegate  in  the  Republican 
national  convention  in  Chicago  in  1884;  elected  as 
a  Republican  to  the  Forty-ninth,  Fiftieth,  and 
Fifty-first  Congresses  (March 4, 1885-March  3, 1891); 
United  States  circuit  judge  ninth  judicial  circuit 
of  California,  and  a  resident  of  San  Francisco,  Cal. 

Morse,  Elijah  Adams,  a  Representative  from 
Massachusetts;  born  in  South  Bend,  Ind.,  May  25, 
1841;  moved  with  his  parents  to  Massachusetts 
in  1852;  attended  the  public  schools,  the  Boyls- 
ton  school  in  Boston,  and  Onondaga  academy.  New 
York;  enlisted  in  the  Union  army  in  the  fourth 
Massachusetts  regiment  in  the  Civil  war;  served 
three  months  under  General  Butler  in  Virginia 
and  one  year  under  General  Banks  in  Louisiana; 
taken  prisoner  at  the  capture  of  Brashear  City, 
La.;  promoted  to  corporal;  manufacturer  of  stove 
polish  in  Canton,  Mass.;  member  of  the  Massa- 


880 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 


chusetts  house  of  representatives  in  1876;  elected 
to  the  state  senate  in  1886  and  1887;  member  of 
the  governor's  council  in  1888;  elected  as  a  Repub- 
lican to  the  Fifty-first,  Fifty-second,  Fifty-third, 
and  Fifty-fourth  Congresses  (March  4,  1889-March 

3,  1897);  died  in  Canton,  Mass.,  June  5,  1898. 

Morse,  Elmer  Addison,  a  Representative  from 
Wisconsin;  born  in  Franksville,  Racine  county, 
Wis.,  May  11,  1870;  attended  the  common  schools 
of  Racine  county;  was  graduated  from  Ripon  col- 
lege in  1893;  elected  county  superintendent  of 
schools  of  Racine  county  and  reelected  in  1895; 
attended  the  law  school  of  the  University  of  Wis- 
consin, and  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1900;  served 
as  city  attorney  of  Antigo  for  three  terms;  elected 
to  the  Sixtieth  and  Sixty-first  Congresses  (March 

4,  1907-March   3,    1911).     Reelected  to   the  Sixty- 
second  Congress. 

Morse,  Freeman  H.,  a  Representative  from 
Maine;  born  in  Bath,  Me.,  February  18,  1807; 
attended  the  public  schools;  member  of  state 
house  of  representatives  1840-1844;  mayor  of  Bath, 
Me. ;  elected  as  a  Whig  to  the  Twenty-eighth  Con- 
gress (March  4,  1843-March  3,  1845);  again  mem- 
ber of  the  state  house  of  representatives  1833-1856; 
elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Thirty-fifth  and 
Thirty-sixth  Congresses  (March  4,  1857-March  3, 
1861);  member  of  peace  congress  in  1861;  appointed 
by  President  Lincoln  consul  at  London. 

Morse,  Isaac  Edwards,  a  Representative  from 
Louisiana;  born  in  Attakapas,  La.,  May  22,  1809; 
attended  the  Norwich  (Vt.)  military  academy,  and 
was  graduated  from  Harvard  college  in  1829;  stud- 
ied law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  practiced  in 
New  Orleans,  La.,  and  in  St.  Martinsville,  La., 
1835-1842;  member  of  the  state  senate;  elected  as 
a  Democrat  to  the  Twenty-eighth  Congress,  to  fill 
vacancy  caused  by  the  death  of  Peter  E.  Bossier; 
reelected  to  the  Twenty-ninth,  Thirtieth,  and 
Thirty-first  Congresses,  and  served  from  December 
2,  1844,  to  March  3,  1851;  unsuccessful  candidate 
for  reelection  to  the  Thirty-second  Congress; 
attorney  general  of  Louisiana  in  1851;  appointed 
by  President  Pierce  minister  to  New  Granada,  to 
demand  indemnity  for  the  murder  of  American 
citizens  crossing  the  Isthmus  of  Panama;  died  in 
New  Orleans,  La.,  February  11,  1866. 

Morse,  Leopold,  a  Representative  from  Massa- 
chusetts; born  in  Wachenheim,  Rhenish  Palatin- 
ate, Bavaria,  August  15, 1831;  attended  the  common 
schools  in  Wachenheim;  came  to  the  United  States 
in  early  life  and  settled  in  Boston,  Mass;  merchant; 
twice  elected  a  delegate  to  Democratic  national  con- 
ventions; elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Forty-fifth, 
Forty-sixth,  Forty -seventh,  and  Forty-eighth  Con- 
gresses (March  4,  1877-March  3,  1885);  reelected  to 
the  Fiftieth  Congress  (March  4, 1887-March  3, 1889); 
died  in  Boston,  Mass.,  December  15,  1892. 

Morse,  Oliver  Andrew,  a  Representative  from 
New  York;  born  in  Cherry  Valley,  Otsego  county, 
N.  Y.,  March  26,  1815;  pursued  classical  studies, 
and  was  graduated  from  Hamilton  college,  New 
York,  in  1833 ;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar, 
and  commenced  practice  in  Cherry  Valley,  New 
York;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Thirty-fifth 
Congress  (March  4,  1857-March  3,  1859);  died  in 
York  City,  April  20,  1870;  interment  in  Cherry 
Valley,  Otsego  county,  N.  Y. 

Morton,  Jackson,  a  Senator  from  Florida;  born 
near  Fredericksburg,  Spotsylvania  county,  Va., 


August  10,  1799;  attended  the  public  schools,  and 
was  graduated  from  William  and  Mary  college 
in  1815;  moved  to  Pensacola,  Fla. ;  engaged  in  lum- 
ber business ;  delegate  to  the  constitutional  conven- 
tion of  Florida  in  1838;  presidential  elector  on  the 
Taylor  and  Fillmore  ticket  in  1848;  elected  as  a 
Whig  to  the  United  States  Senate,  and  served  from 
March  4,  1849,  to  March  3,  1855;  deputy  to  the  pro- 
visional congress  of  the  southern  states  in  Mont- 
gomery, Ala.,  in  February,  1861 ;  member  of  Con- 
federate congress  1862-1865;  died  in  "Lessland," 
Orange  county,  Va.,  November  28,  1878. 

Morton,  Jeremiah,  a  Representative  from  Vir- 
ginia; born  in  Fredericksburg,  Spotsylvania 
county,  Va.;  attended  William  and  Mary  college, 
Williamsburg,  Va.,  studied  law,  was  admitted  to 
the  bar,  and  practiced  in  Raccoon  Ford,  Va.; 
elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Thirty-first  Congress 
(March  4, 1851-March  3,  1853);  unsuccessful  candi- 
date for  reelection  to  the  Thirty-second  Congress; 
died  in  Lessland,  Orange  county,  Va.,  November 
28,  1878. 

Morton,  John,  a  Delegate  from  Pennsylvania; 
born  in  Morris  Ferry,  Delaware  county,  Pa.,  in 
1724;  attended  the  public  schools;  for  many  years  a 
land  surveyor;  member  of  the  colonial  general  as- 
sembly 1764-1775,  and  served  the  last  four  years  as 
speaker;  high  sheriff  1766-1770;  judge  of  supreme 
court  of  the  province ;  Delegate  in  Continental  Con- 
gress 1774-1777;  gave  the  casting  vote  of  the  Penn- 
sylvania delegation*on  the  adoption  of  the  Declar- 
ation of  Independence;  signer  of  the  Declaration; 
died  in  Ridley  Park,  Delaware  county,  Pa.,  in 
April,  1777. 

Morton,  Levi  Parsons,  a  Representative  from 
New  York;  born  in  Shoreham,  Vt.,  May  16,  1824; 
attended  the  public  schools  and  Shoreham  acad- 
emy; clerk  in  a  general  store  in  Enfield,  Mass., 
1838-1840;  taught  school  in  Boscawen,  N.  H.,  1840- 
1841;  commenced  mercantile  business  in  Hanover, 
N.  H.,  in  1845;  moved  to  Boston  in  1850,  and  en- 
tered the  dry  goods  business  in  New  York  City  in 
1854;  engaged  in  the  banking  business  in  1863  in 
New  York  City;  appointed  by  the  President  honor- 
ary commissioner  to  the  Paris  Exhibition  of  1878; 
elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Forty-sixth  Con- 
gress (March  4, 1879-March  3, 1881) ;  Vice  President 
of  the  United  States  March  4, 1889  to  March  3, 1893 ; 
governor  of  New  York  1895-1897;  an  investor  in 
realty  and  a  writer;  resident  of  Washington,  D.  C. 

Morton,  Marcus,  a  Representative  from  Massa- 
chusetts; born  in  Freetown,  Mass.,  December  19, 
1784;  pursued  classical  studies,  and  was  graduated 
from  Brown  university  in  1804;  studied  law,  was 
admitted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced  practice  in 
Taunton,  Mass. ;  clerk  of  the  Massachusetts  senate  in 
1811;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Fifteenth  and 
Sixteenth  Congresses  (March  4, 1817-March  3, 1821) ; 
executive  councilor  in  1823;  elected  lieutenant 
governor  in  1823;  judge  of  the  supreme  court  1825- 
1840;  governor  of  Massachusetts  1840-1841  and 
1843-1844;  appointed  by  President  Polk  collector 
of  customs  in  Boston,  and  served  from  1845  to  1849; 
delegate  in  the  state  constitutional  convention  of 
1853;  member  of  the  state  house  of  representatives 
in  1858;  died  in  Taunton,  Mass.,  February  6,  1864. 

Morton,  Oliver  Perry,  a  Senator  from  Indiana; 
born  in  Salisbury,  Wayne  county,  Ind.,  August  4, 
1823;  apprenticed  to  a  hatter  and  worked  at  the 
trade  four  years;  was  graduated  from  Miami  univer- 
sity in  1843;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar 


BIOGRAPHIES. 


881 


in  1847,  and  commenced  practice  in  Centerville, 
Ind.;  elected  circuit  judge  in  1852;  unsuccessful  as 
the  Republican  nominee  for  governor  in  1856; 
elected  lieutenant  governor  in  1860,  and  upon  the 
election  of  Governor  Henry  S.  Lane  to  the  United 
States  Senate  became  governor  of  Indiana;  elected 
governor  in  1864;  elected  as  a  Union  Republican 
to  the  United  States  Senate;  reelected,  and  served 
from  March  4,  1867,  until  his  death,  in  Indianapo- 
lis, Ind.,  November  1,  1877. 

Moseley,  Jonathan  Ogden,  a  Representative 
from  Connecticut;  born  in  East  Haddam,  Conn., in 
1762;  was  graduated  from  Yale  college  in  1780; 
studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  com- 
menced practice  in  East  Haddam,  Conn.;  state's 
attorney  for  Middlesex  county  1797-1805;  elected 
as  a  Federalist  to  the  Ninth,  and  to  the  seven  suc- 
ceeding Congresses  (March  4,  1805-March  3,  1821); 
colonel  of  the  state  militia  and  justice  of  the  peace 
of  East  Haddam,  Conn.,  for  several  years;  moved 
to  Saginaw,  Mich.,  where  he  died  September  9, 
1839. 

Moseley,  William  Abbott,  a  Representative 
from  New  York;  born  in  Whitesboro,  Oneida 
county,  N.  Y.,  October  20,  1798;  was  graduated 
from  Yale  college  in  1816;  studied  medicine  and 
practiced;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar, 
and  practiced  in  Buffalo,  N.  Y.;  member  of  the 
state  house  of  representatives  in  1835;  member  of 
the  state  senate  1838-1841;  elected  as  a  Whig  to 
the  Twenty-eighth  and  Twenty-ninth  Congresses 
(March  4,  1843-March  3,  1847);  died  in  New  York 
November  19,  1873. 

Moses,  Charles  Leavell,  a  Representative  from 
Georgia;  born  in  Coweta  county,  Ga.,  May  2,  1856; 
attended  the  country  schools,  and  was  graduated 
from  Mercer  university  in  1876;  became  a  farmer 
and  teacher;  for  several  years  principal  of  the 
Newnan  academy  for  boys;  after  1886  devoted  his 
time  exclusively  to  agricultural  interests;  member 
of  the  farmers'  alliance;  elected  as  a  Democrat 
to  the  Fifty-second,  Fifty-third,  and  Fifty-fourth 
Congresses  (March  4,  1891-March  3,  1897). 

Mosgrove,  James,  a  Representative  from 
Pennsylvania;  born  in  Kittanning,  Pa.,  July  14, 
1821;  attended  the  common  schools;  engaged  in 
the  iron  business;  president  of  the  First  national 
bank  in  Kittanning,  Pa.;  elected  as  the  Democrat 
and  Greenback  candidate  to  the  Forty -seventh 
Congress  (March  4,  1881-March  3,  1883). 

Moss,  McKenzie,  a  Representative  from  Ken- 
tucky; born  in  Christian  county,  Ky.,  January  3, 
1868;  attended  the  common  schools;  studied  law, 
was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1893,  and  commenced 
practice  in  Bowling  Green,  Ky.;  successfully  con- 
tested as  a  Republican  the  election  of  John  S.  Rhea 
to  the  Fifty-seventh  Congress,  and  served  from 
March  25,  1902,  to  March  3,  1903;  elected  judge  of 
eighth  judicial  district  of  Kentucky,  and  a  resident 
of  Bowling  Green,  Ky. 

Moss,  Ralph  W.,  a  Representative  from  Indiana 
born  in  Center  Point,  Clay  county,  Ind.,  April  21, 
1862;  attended  common  schools,  Purdue  university 
for  two  years;  engaged  in  farming;  member  of  the 
Indiana  state  senate  1905-1909;  elected  to  the 
Sixty-first  Congress  (March  4,  1909-March  3,  1911). 
Reelected  to  the  Sixty-second  Congress. 

Mott,  Gordon  N.,  a  Delegate  from  Nevada  Ter- 
ritory; born  in  Zanesville,  Ohio,  October  21,  1812; 


completed  preparatory  studies;  studied  law,  was 
admitted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced  practice  in 
Zanesville  in  1836;  moved  to  Texas  during  its 
struggle  for  independence  and  served  nine  months 
as  a  volunteer;  returned  to  Ohio  and  resumed  the 
practice  of  law;  moved  to  California  in  1849; 
elected  judge  of  Sutter  county  in  1850;  appointed 
district  judge  in  1851;  appointed  justice  of  the 
supreme  court  of  Nevada;  elected  as  a  Republican 
a  Delegate  to  the  Thirty-eighth  Congress,  and 
served  from  Jaunary  11,  1864,  to  March  3,  1865. 

Mott,  James,  a  Representative  from  New  Jer- 
sey; born  in  that  state;  elected  to  the  Seventh  and 
Eighth  Congresses  (March  4,  1801-March  3,  1805); 
for  many  years  treasurer  of  the  state  of  New  Jersey; 
died  near  Shrewsbury,  N.  J.,  December  10, 1813. 

Mott,  Richard  T.,  a  Representative  from  Ohio; 
born  in  Mamaroneck,  N.  Y.,  July  21, 1804;  attended 
the  Quaker  seminary  in  Dutchess  county,  N.  Y.; 
engaged  in  mercantile  pursuits;  moved  to  Toledo, 
Ohio,  in  1858,  and  engaged  in  real  estate  and  many 
business  enterprises;  mayor  of  Toledo  1845-1846; 
elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Thirty-fourth  and 
Thirty-fifth  Congresses  (March  4,  1855-March  3, 
1859);  served  as  chairman  of  the  citizens'  military 
committee  during  the  Civil  war;  died  in  Toledo, 
Ohio,  January  22,  1888. 

Motte,  Isaac,  a  Delegate  from  South  Carolina; 
born  in  Charleston,  S.  C.,  December  8, 1738;  served 
in  Canada  in  the  French  and  Indian  war  in  1756; 
served  in  the  Revolutionary  war;  was  active  in  de- 
fending Fort  Moultrie  and  was  promoted  colonel 
September  16,  1776;  Delegate  in  the  Continental 
Congress  1780-1782;  member  of  the  state  conven- 
tion that  ratified  the  Federal  Constitution;  died  in 
Charleston,  S.  C.,  May  8,  1795. 

Moulton,  Mace,  a  Representative  from  New 
Hampshire;  born  in  Concord,  N.  H.,  May  2,  1796; 
attended  the  public  schools;  sheriff  of  Hillsboro 
county  in  ]845;  state  councilor  1848-1849;  elected 
to  the  Twenty-ninth  Congress  (March  4,  1845- 
March  3,  1847);  died  in  Manchester,  N.  H.,  May  5, 
1867. 

Moulton,  Samuel  Wheeler,  a  Representative 
from  Illinois;  born  in  Wenham,  Mass.,  January  20, 
1821;  attended  the  public  schools;  moved  to  the 
South,  where  he  remained  some  ygars,  and  then 
located  in  Illinois  in  1845;  studiewlaw,  was  ad- 
mitted to  the  bar,  and  practiced  in  Shelby  ville,  111.  ; 
member  of  the  state  house  of  representatives  1852- 
1859;  presidential  elector  on  the  Buchanan  ticket 
in  1857;  president  of  the  board  of  education  of  the 
state  of  Illinois  1859-1876;  elected  as  a  Democrat 
to  the  Thirty-ninth  Congress  (March  4,  1865-March 
3,  1867);  reelected  to  the  Forty-seventh  and  Forty- 
eighth  Congresses  (March  4,  1881-March  3,  1885); 
died  in  Shelbyville,  111.,  June  3,  1905. 

Mouser,  Grant  Earl,  a  Representative  from 
Ohio;  born  in  Larue,  Marion  county,  Ohio,  Septem- 
ber 11,  1868;  attended  the  Larue  union  schools, 
and  Ada  university;  was  graduated  from  the  Cin- 
cinnati law  school  in  June,  1890,  and  was  admitted 
to  the  bar;  elected  prosecuting  attorney  in  1893; 
elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Fifty-ninth  and  Six- 
tieth Congresses  (March  4,  1905-March  3,  1909); 
resumed  the  practice  of  law  in  Marion,  Ohio. 

Mouton,  Alexander,  a  Senator  from  Louisiana; 
born  in  Attakapas  parish,  La.,  November  19,  1804; 
pursued  classical  studies,  and  was  graduated  from 


50346°— S.  Doc.  654,  61-2- 


-56 


882 


CONGRESSIONAL   DIEECTORY. 


Georgetown  college,  District  of  Columbia;  studied 
law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1825,  and  com- 
menced practice  in  Lafayette  parish,  La.;  member 
of  the  state  house  of  representatives  1827-1832,  and 
served  as  speaker  during  the  sessions  of  1831  and 
1832;  unsuccessful  candidate  for  election  to  the 
Twenty-second  Congress;  reelected  to  the  state 
house  of  representatives  in  1836;  elected  as  a  Dem- 
ocrat to  the  United  States  Senate,  to  fill  the  va- 
cancy caused  by  the  resignation  of  Alexander 
Porter,  and  served  from  January  12,  1837,  until 
his  resignation,  March  1,  1842;  governor  of  Louis- 
iana 1842-1846;  president  of  the  Southwestern 
railroad  convention  which  met  in  New  Orleans  in 
January,  1852;  president  of  the  vigilance  commit- 
tee of  Lafayette  parish  in  1858;  delegate  to  th« 
national  convention  at  Charleston,  S.  C.;  president 
of  the  state  convention  which  voted  Louisiana  out 
of  the  Union  January  23,  1861;  died  near  Ver- 
millionville,  La.,  February  12,  1885. 

Mowry,  Daniel,  jr.,  a  Delegate  from  Rhode 
Island;  born  in  Smithfield,  R.  I.,  August  29,  1729; 
received  a  limited  schooling,  and  learned  the 
cooper's  trade;  member  of  the  general  assembly  in 
1766-1776;  judge  of  the  court  of  common  pleas 
1776-1781;  took  an  active  part  in  pre-Revolution- 
ary  movements;  Delegate  in  the  Continental  Con- 
gress in  1780-1782;  clerk  of  Smithfield  for  twenty 
years;  died  in  Smithfield,  R.  I.,  July  6,  1806. 

Moxley,  William  J.,  a  Representative  from  Illi- 
nois; born  in  county  Cork,  Ireland,  in  1851;  came 
with  parents  to  the  United  States  and  located  in 
Chicago;  engaged  in  manufacturing  and  banking; 
member  of  the  Republican  state  central  committee 
four  years,  and  member  of  the  executive  board  of  the 
Cook  county  central  committee  two  years;  colonel 
on  Gov.  Yates's  staff  four  years;  twice  a  presidential 
elector  and  once  an  electoral  messenger;  was  elected 
November  23,  1909,  to  the  Sixty-first  Congress,  to 
fill  vacancy  caused  by  the  resignation  of  William 
Lorimer,  and  served  from  December  10,  1909,  to 
March  3,  1911;  resumed  business  activities  in 
Chicago. 

Mozley,  Norman  Adolphus,  a  Representative 
from  Missouri;  born  in  Johnson  county,  111.,  De- 
cember 11,  1865;  attended  the  common  schools; 
taught  school;  went  to  Missouri  in  1887;  studied  law, 
was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1891,  and  practiced  in 
Bloomfield,  Me.;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the 
Fifty-fourth  congress  (March  4,  1895-March  3, 
1897);  resumed  the  practice  of  law  in  Bloomfield, 
Mo. 

Mudd,  Sydney  Emanuel,  a  Representative 
from  Maryland;  born  in  Charles  county,  Md.,  Feb- 
ruary 12,  1858;  attended  Georgetown  college,  Dis- 
trict of  Columbia,  and  was  graduated  from  St. 
John's  college,  Annapolis,  Md.,  in  1878;  read  law 
privately  and  attended  the  law  department  of  the 
University  of  Virginia;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in 
1880,  and  practiced;  elected  to  the  state  house  of 
delegates  in  1879,  and  1881;  elector  on  the  Garfield 
and  Arthur  ticket  in  1880;  elected  as  a  Republican 
to  the  Fifty-first  Congress  (March  4,  1889-March  3, 
1891);  elected  to  the  state  house  of  delegates  in 
1895,  and  served  as  speaker;  delegate  in  the  Re- 
publican national  convention  of  1896;  elected  to 
the  Fifty-fifth,  and  to  the  six  succeeding  Con- 
gresses (March  4,  1897-March  3, 1911);  died  in  Phil- 
adelphia, Pa.,  October  21,  1911. 

Mueller,  Nicholas,  a  Representative  from  New 
York;  born  in  the  Grand  Duchy  of  Luxemburg 


November  15,  1836;  attended  the  common  schools 
in  the  city  of  Metz  and  afterwards  the  Luxemburg 
Athenaeum;  came  to  the  United  States  and  located 
in  New  York  City;  engaged  as  a  railroad  ticket  agent 
for  over  twenty  years;  one  of  the  promoters  and  orig- 
inal directors  of  the  Germania  bank,  New  York; 
member  of  the  state  assembly  1875-1876;  member 
of  the  state  central  committee  in  1875;  elected  as  a 
Democrat  to  the  Forty-fifth  and  Forty-sixth  Con- 
gresses (March  4,  1877-March  3,  1881);  reelected 
to  the  Forty-eighth  and  Forty-ninth  Congresses 
(March  4,  1883-March  3,  1887);  again  elected  to  the 
Fifty -sixth  and  Fifty-seventh  Congresses,  and 
served  from  March  4,  1899,  until  his  resignation, 
December  1,  1902;  a  resident  of  New  Brighton, 
Richmond  borough,  New  York  City. 

Muhlenberg,  Francis  Samuel,  a  Represent- 
ative from  Ohio;  born  in  Philadelphia,  Pa.,  April 
22,  1795;  pursued  an  academic  course;  studied 
law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced 
practice;  private  secretary  to  Governor  Heister 
1820-1823;  moved  to  Pickaway  county,  Ohio:  mem- 
ber of  the  state  house  of  representatives;  elected 
to  the  Twentieth  Congress,  to  fill  vacancy  caused 
by  the  resignation  of  William  Creighton,  jr.,  and 
served  from  December  19,  1828,  to  March  3,  1829; 
died  in  Pickaway  county,  Ohio,  in  1832. 

Muhlenberg,  Frederick  Augustus  Conrad, 
a  Delegate  and  a  Representative  from  Pennsyl- 
vania; born  in  La  Trappe,  Pa.,  January  1,  1750; 
pursued  an  academic  course;  studied  theology, 
and  ordained  in  Germany  as  a  minister  of  the 
Lutheran  church  October  25,  1770;  preached  in 
Trappe,  Pa.,  1780-1783,  and  New  York  City  1773- 
1776;  when  the  British  entered  New  York  he  felt 
obliged  to  leave,  and  returned  to  Trappe,  Pa.,  and 
then  to  New  Hanover,  Pa.,  and  was  pastor  of  Luth- 
eran congregations  there  and  in  Obly  and  New 
Goshenhoppen  until  August,  1779;  Delegate  in  the 
Continental  Congress  1779-1780;  member  of  the 
state  house  of  representatives  1780-1783;  delegate 
to  the  state  constitutional  convention  of  1790;  pres- 
ident of  the  state  convention  called  to  ratify  the 
Federal  Constitution;  elected  to  the  First,  Second, 
Third,  and  Fourth  Congresses  (March  4,  1789- 
March  3,  1797);  was  Speaker  during  the  First  and 
Third  Congresses;  president  of  the  council  of  cen- 
sors of  Pennsylvania;  state  treasurer;  register  of  the 
Pennsylvania  land  office  1797-1801;  died  in  Lan- 
caster, Pa.,  June  4,  1801. 

Muhlenberg,  Henry  Augustus,  a  Represent- 
ative from  Pennsylvania;  born  in  Lancaster,  Pa., 
May  13,  1782;  pursued  classical  studies;  studied 
theology,  and  ordained  to  the  Lutheran  ministry 
in  1802;  pastor  of  Trinity  church  in  Reading,  Pa., 
1802-1828;  resigned  on  account  of  ill  health; 
elected  as  a  Jackson  Democrat  to  the  Twenty-first, 
Twenty-second,  Twenty-third,  Twenty-fourth,  and 
Twenty-fifth  Congresses,  and  served  from  March  4, 
1829,  until  his  resignation  February  9,  1838;  unsuc- 
cessful Democratic  candidate  for  governor  in  1835, 
and  1838;  offered  by  President  Van  Buren  the  posi- 
tions of  Secretary  of  the  Navy  and  minister  to  Rus- 
sia, both  of  which  he  declined;  minister  to  Austria 
February  8,  1838,  to  September  18,  1840;  nomi- 
nated as  the  Democratic  candidate  for  governor  in 
1844,  but  died  before  the  election  in  Reading,  Pa., 
August  12,  1844. 

Muhlenberg,  Henry  Augustus  Philip,  a  Rep- 
resentative from  Pennsylvania;  born  in  Reading, 
Pa.,  July,  1823;  pursued  classical  studies;  wasgradu- 


BIOGRAPHIES. 


883 


ated  from  Dickinson  college;  studied  law,  was 
admitted  to  the  bar  in  July,  1844,  and  commenced 
practice  in  Reading,  Pa.;  member  of  the  state 
senate  three  years;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the 
Thirty-third  Congress,  and  served  from  March  4, 
1853,  until  his  death  in  Washington,  D.  C.,  January 
9,  1854. 

Muhlenberg,  John  Peter  Gabriel,  a  Repre- 
sentative and  a  Senator  from  Pennsylvania;  born 
in  La  Trappe,  Pa.,  October  1,  1746;  pursued  classi- 
cal studies;  attended  the  University  of  Pennsyl- 
vania 1760-1763;  studied  in  the  University  of 
Halle,  Germany,  irregularly  1763-1766,  and  served 
in  a  German  regiment  of  dragoons;  returned  to 
Philadelphia,  Pa.,  and  studied  theology;  was 
pastor  of  Lutheran  churches  in  New  Germantown 
and  Bedminster,  N.  J. ;  removed  to  Woodstock,  Va., 
and  was  ordained  a  priest  in  the  Episcopal  church 
April  21,  1772,  by  the  Bishop  of  London;  member 
of  the  Virginia  house  of  burgesses  in  1774 ;  prominent 
in  pre-Revolutionary  movements;  entered  the 
Revolutionary  army  as  colonel  of  the  eighth  Vir- 
ginia (German)  regiment;  brigadier  general  of  the 
Continental  army  February  21,  1777,  and  served 
to  the  close  of  the  war;  brevet  major  general  Sep- 
tember 30, 1783;  returned  to  Pennsylvania;  elected 
vice  president  of  the  supreme  executive  council  of 
Pennsylvania  in  1785;  presidential  elector  in  1797; 
elected  to  the  First  Congress  (March  4,  1789-March 
3,  1791);  reelected  to  the  Third  Congress  (March  4, 
1793-March  3, 1795),  and  again  elected  to  the  Sixth 
Congress  (March  4, 1799-March  3, 1801) ;  elected  as  a 
Democrat  to  the  United  States  Senate,  and  served 
from  March  4,  1801,  until  his  resignation  later  in 
the  month;  appointed  by  President  Jefferson  super- 
visor of  revenue  for  Pennsylvania  January  6,  1801, 
and  collector  of  customs  at  Philadelphia  January 
11,  1803;  died  near  Philadelphia,  Pa.,  October  1, 
1807. 

Muldrow,  Henry  Lowndes,  a  Representative 
from  Mississippi;  born  in  Lowndes  county,  Miss.; 
was  graduated  from  the  literary  department  of  the 
University  of  Mississippi  in  1856,  and  from  the  law 
department  in  1858;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in 
1859,  and  began  practice  in  Starkville,  Miss.;  en- 
tered the  Confederate  army  in  1861  and  held  various 
positions  until  he  attained  the  rank  of  colonel  of 
cavalry;  district  attorney  for  the  sixth  judicial  dis- 
trict of  Mississippi  1869-1871;  elected  to  the  state 
legislature  in  1875;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the 
Forty-fifth,  Forty-sixth,  Forty-seventh,  and  Forty- 
eighth  Congresses  (March  4,  1877-March  3,  1885); 
First  Assistant  Secretary  of  the  Interior  during  the 
first  administration  of  President  Cleveland;  re- 
signed in  1889,  to  resume  the  practice  of  law  in 
Starkville,  Miss.;  delegate  in  the  Mississippi  con- 
stitutional convention  of  1890;  appointed  chancellor 
of  the  first  district  of  Mississippi  in  September, 
1899;  died  in  Starkville,  Oktibbeha  county,  Miss., 
March  3,  1905. 

Mulkey,  Fred  William,  a  Senator  from  Oregon; 
born  in  Portland,  Oreg.,  January  6,  1874;  was  grad- 
uated from  the  University  of  Oregon  in  1896,  and 
from  the  New  York  law  school  of  New  York  City  in 
1899;  was  admitted  to  the  bar;  member  of  the 
Portland  city  council  1900-1902,  and  its  president 
in  1901 ;  chairman  of  the  Oregon  state  tax  commis- 
sion; elected  to  the  United  States  Senate,  to  fill 
vacancy  caused  by  the  death  of  John  PI.  Mitchell, 
and  served  from  January  23,  1907,  until  March  3, 
1907;  resumed  the  practice  of  law  in  Portland, 
Oreg. 


Mullin,  Joseph,  a  Representative  from  New 
York;  born  in  Ireland;  emigrated  to  the  United 
States  when  quite  young  and  located  in  Water- 
town,  N.  Y.;  attended  the  public  schools;  held 
several  local  offices;  elected  to  the  Thirtieth  Con- 
gress (March  4,  1847-March  3,  1849). 

Mullins,  James,  a  Representative  from  Ten- 
nessee; born  in  Bedford  county,  Tenn.,  September 
15,  1807;  completed  preparatory  studies;  appren- 
tice to  the  millwright's  trade;  colonel  of  the  state 
militia  in  1831;  sheriff  of  Bedford  county  1840-1846; 
compelled  to  flee  from  his  home  on  account  of  his 
loyalty  to  the  Union  in  1862;  served  in  the  Union 
army  1862-1864 ;  served  as  speaker  of  the  state  house 
of  representatives  in  1865;  elected  as  a  Republican 
to  the  Fortieth  Congress  (March  4,  1867-March  3, 
1869);  died  in  Shelbyville,  Tenn.,  June  26,  1873. 

Mumford,  George,  a  Representative  from 
North  Carolina;  native  of  Rowan  county,  N.C.; 
attended  the  common  schools;  member  of  the 
house  of  commons  of  North  Carolina  1810-1811; 
elected  to  the  Fifteenth  Congress,  and  served  from 
March  4, 1817,  until  his  death  in  Washington,  D.  C., 
December  31,  1818. 

Mumford,  Gurdon  Saltonstall,  a  Representa- 
tive from  New  York;  native  of  that  state;  attended 
the  common  schools;  elected  to  the  Ninth,  Tenth, 
and  Eleventh  Congresses  (March  4,  1805-March  3, 
1811);  presidential  elector  in  1812. 

Mungen,  William,  a  Representative  from  Ohio; 
born  in  Baltimore,  Md.,  May  12,  1821;  moved  with 
his  parents  to  Ohio  in  1830;  completed  preparatory 
studies;  studied  law  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar; 
editor  and  publisher  of  the  Findlay  Democratic 
Courier;  served  two  terms  as  auditor  of  Hancock 
county,  Ohio;  member  of  the  state  senate  in  1851; 
delegate  to  the  Democratic  national  convention  in 
Cincinnati,  Ohio,  in  1856;  entered  the  Union 
army  in  1861  as  colonel  of  the  fifty-seventh  Ohio 
volunteers;  elected  to  the  Fortieth  and  Forty-first 
Congresses  (March  4,  1867-March  3,  1871);  died  in 
Findlay,  Ohio,  September  9,  1887. 

Monroe,  James,  a  Representative  from  New 
York;  born  in  Albemarle  county,  Va.,  September 
10,  1799;  was  graduated  from  West  Point  in  1815; 
served  in  the  war  with  Algiers,  1815;  elected  as  a 
Whig  to  the  Twenty-sixth  Congress  (March  4,  1839- 
March  3,  1841);  unsuccessful  candidate  for  reelec- 
tion to  the  Twenty-seventh  Congress;  member  of 
the  state  senate  1852-1855;  moved  to  Orange 
Mountain,  N.  J.,  where  he  died  September  7,  1870. 

Murch,  Thompson  Henry,  a  Representative 
from  Maine;  born  in  Hampden,  Penobscot  county, 
Me.,  March  29, 1838;  attended  the  common  schools; 
passed  his  early  life  at  sea;  learned  the  stonecutter's 
trade  and  followed  it  eighteen  years;  became 
editor  and  publisher  of  the  Granite  Cutters' 
International  Journal  in  1877;  elected  as  a  Green- 
back Labor  Reformer  to  the  Forty-sixth  and  Forty- 
seventh  Congresses  (March  4,  1879-March  3,  1883); 
died  in  Danvers,  Mass.,  December  15,  1886. 

Murdock,  Victor,  a  Representative  from  Kan- 
sas; born  in  Burlingame,  Kans.,  March  18,  1871; 
moved  to  Wichita  in  1872;  attended  the  common 
schools  and  Lewis  academy,  Wichita;  moved  to 
Chicago  in  1891  and  served  as  a  newspaper  re- 
porter; managing  editor  of  the  Wichita  Daily 
Eagle;  clerk  of  the  central  division,  southern 
department,  Kansas  aooellate  court.  1895-1897; 


884 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 


elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Fifty-eighth  Con- 
gress, to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  the  resignation  of 
Chester  I.  Long;  reelected  to  the  Fifty-ninth,  Six- 
tieth, and  Sixty-first  Congresses  and  served  from 
November  9,  1905,  to  March  3,  1911.  Reelected  to 
the  Sixty-second  Congress. 

Murfree,  William.  Hard.ee,  a  Representative 
from  North  Carolina;  born  in  Hertford  county,  N.  C., 
October  2, 1781;  was  graduated  from  the  University 
of  North  Carolina  in  1801;  studied  law,  was  ad- 
mitted to  the  bar,  and  commenced  practice  in 
Edenton,  N.  C.;  member  of  the  house  of  commons 
of  North  Carolina  in  1805,  and  1812;  elected  as  a 
Democrat  to  the  Thirteenth  >and  Fourteenth  Con- 
gresses (March  4,  1813-March  3,  1817);  moved  to 
Nashville,  Tenn.,  where  he  died  in  1828. 

Murphy,  Arthur  Phillips,  a  Representative 
from  Missouri;  born  in  Hancock,  Pulaski  county, 
Mo.,  December  10,  1870;  attended  the  public 
schools  of  Pulaski  county  and  the  school  of  mines 
and  metallurgy  at  Rolla,  Phelps  county,  Mo.; 
studied  law  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar  March  4, 
1894,  and  engaged  in  practice;  unsuccessful  can- 
didate for  election  as  prosecuting  attorney  of 
Pulaski  county  in  1898;  attorney  for  the  Creek 
Nation  of  Indians;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the 
Fifty-ninth  Congress  (March  4, 1905-March  3, 1907) ; 
reelected  to  the  Sixty-first  Congress  (March  4, 1909- 
March  3,  1911);  candidate  for  governor  of  Missouri; 
a  resident  of  Rolla,  Mo. 

Murphy,  Charles,  a  Representative  from 
Georgia;  native  of  South  Carolina;  moved  to  De- 
catur,  Ga.,  in  1825;  completed  preparatory  studies; 
studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  practiced ; 
held  several  local  offices;  member  of  the  Georgia 
legislature  for  several  terms;  elected  as  a  Unionist 
to  the  Thirty-second  Congress  (March  4,  1851- 
March  3,  1853);  died  in  Decatur,  Ga.,  January  16, 
1861. 

Murphy,  Edward,  jr.,  a  Senator  from  New 
York;  born  in  Troy,  N.  Y.,  December  15, 1836;  was 
graduated  from  St.  John's  college,  Fordham,  N.  Y., 
in  1857;  city  alderman  1864-1866;  elected  mayor  of 
Troy  in  1875,  and  reelected  in  1877,  1879,  and  1881; 
chairman  of  the  Democratic  state  committee  of 
New  York  in  1887,  and  reelected  four  times;  elected 
to  the  United  States  Senate,  and  served  from  March 
4,  1893,  to  March  3, 1899;  president  of  the  Troy  gas 
company  and  vice-president  of  the  Manufactur- 
ers' National  bank  of  Troy;  delegate  in  the  Demo- 
cratic national  conventions  of  1880, 1884, 1888, 1892, 
and  1896;  died  in  Elberon,  N.  J.,  August  3, 1911. 

Murphy,  Everett  J.,  a  Representative  from 
Illinois;  born  in  Nashville,  111.,  July  24,  1852; 
moved  with  his  parents  to  Sparta,  111.;  attended 
the  high  school;  elected  city  clerk  of  Sparta  in 
1877,  but  resigned  in  1878,  and  moved  to  Chester, 
to  accept  the  appointment  of  deputy  circuit  clerk; 
sheriff  of  Randolph  county;  elected  to  the  general 
assembly  of  Illinois  in  1886;  appointed  warden  of 
the  Southern  Illinois  penitentiary  in  1889;  moved 
to  East  St.  Louis  in  1892;  elected' as  a  Republican 
to  the  Fifty-fourth  Congress  (March  4,  1895-March 
3,  1897);  appointed  warden  of  the  state  peniten- 
.  tiary  in  Joliet,  111.,  July  1,  1899. 

Murphy,  Henry  Cruse,  a  Representative  from 
New  York;  born  in  Brooklyn,  N.  Y.,  July  5,  1810; 
was  graduated  from  Columbia  college  in  1830; 
studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1833,  and 
commenced  practice  in  Brooklyn,  N.  Y.,  in  1833; 


prosecuting  attorney  for  Kings  county;  mayor  of 
Brooklyn,  N.  Y.,  1842-1843;  delegate  in  the  state 
constitutional  convention  of  1846;  elected  as  a 
Democrat  to  the  Twenty-eighth  Congress  (March  4, 
1843-March  3,  1845);  unsuccessful  candidate  for 
election  to  the  Twenty-ninth  Congress;  reelected 
to  the  Thirtieth  Congress  (March  4',  1847-March  3, 
1849);  minister  to  the  Netherlands  1857-1861; 
member  of  the  state  senate  1861-1873;  delegate  to 
the  state  constitutional  convention  1867-1868; 
died  in  Brooklyn,  N.  Y.,  December  1,  1882. 

Murphy,  James  William,  a  Representative 
from  Wisconsin;  born  in  Platteville,  Wis.,  April 
17,  1858;  was  graduated  from  the  state  normal 
school  in  Platteville  in  1873;  taught  school  for  five 
years;  was  graduated  from  the  law  department  of 
the  university  of  Michigan  in  1880,  was  admitted  to 
the  bar,  and  practiced  in  Platteville,  Wis. ;  served 
four  years  as  district  attorney  of  Grant  county; 
mayor  of  Platteville  1904,  and  1906;  elected  as  a 
Republican  to  the  Sixtieth  Congress  (March  4, 
1907-March  3,  1909);  resumed  the  practice  of  law 
in  Platteville,  Wis.  . 

Murphy,  Jeremiah  Henry,  a  Representative 
from  Iowa;  born  in  Lowell,  Mass.,  February  19, 
1835;  attended  the  schools  of  Boston  and  the  state 
university  of  Iowa;  read  law,  was  admitted  to 
the  bar  in  April,  1858,  and  practiced;  elected 
mayor  of  Davenport  in  1873;  elected  to  the  state 
senate  of  Iowa  in  1874,  and  served  four  years;  again 
elected  mayor  in  1879,  and  held  the  office  one  year; 
elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Forty-eighth  and 
Forty-ninth  Congresses  (March  4,  1883-March  3, 
1887);  died  in  Washington,  D.  C.,  December  11, 
1893. 

Murphy,  John,  a  Representative  from  Ala- 
bama; born  in  Columbia,  Kobeson  county,  S.  C., 
in  1786;  was  graduated  from  South  Carolina  college 
in  1808;  served  as  clerk  of  the  state  senate  1810- 
1817;  moved  to  Alabama  in  1818;  member  of  the 
state  constitutional  convention  of  1819;  studied 
law  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar;  member  of  the 
state  senate  in  1822;  governor  of  Alabama  1825- 
1829;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Twenty-third 
Congress  (March  4,  1833-March  3,  1835);  died  in 
Clarke  county,  Ala.,  September  21,  1841. 

Murphy,  Nathan  Oakes,  a  Delegate  from  Ari- 
zona Territory;  born  in  Jefferson,  Me.,  October  14, 
1849;  attended  the  public  schools;  taught  school 
in  Wisconsin;  settled  in  Prescott,  Ariz.,  in  April, 
1883;  secretary  of  Arizona  Territory  in  1889;  gov- 
ernor of  the  territory  1892-1894;  delegate  in  the 
Republican  national  convention  in  Minneapolis 
June  7, 1892;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Fifty- 
fourth  Congress  (March  4,  1895-March  3,  1897); 
again  appointed  governor  of  Arizona  Territory, 
and  served  1898-1902;  died  in  Coronado,  San  Diego 
county,  Cal.,  August  22, 1908;  interment  in  Arling- 
ton cemetery,  Washington,  D.  C. 

Murray,  Ambrose  Spencer,  a  Representative 
from  New  York;  born  in  Wallkill,  N.  Y.,  Novem- 
ber 27,  1807;  attended  the  common  schools;  held 
several  local  offices  in  Goshen,  N.  Y.;  elected  as  a 
Republican  to  the  Thirty-fourth  and  Thirty-fifth 
Congresses  (March  4,  1855-March  3,  1859);  died  in 
Goshen,  N.  Y.,  November  8,  1885. 

Murray,  George  Washington,  a  Representa- 
tive from  South  Carolina;  born  near  Rembert, 
Sumter  county,  S.  C.,  September  22,  1853;  taught 
school  in  1874;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the 


BIOGRAPHIES. 


885 


Fifty-third  Congress  (March  4, 1893-March  3, 1895); 
successfully  contested  as  a  Republican  the  election 
of  William  Elliot  to  the  Fifty-fourth  Congress,  and 
was  seated  June  4, 1896,  and  served  until  March  3, 
1897. 

Murray,  John,  a  Representative  from  Pennsyl- 
vania; native  of  Lancaster,  Pa. ;  attended  the  com- 
mon schools;  held  several  local  offices;  studied 
law,was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  practiced  in  Lan- 
caster; elected  to  the  Fifteenth  and  Sixteenth 
Congresses  (March  4,  1817-March  3,  1821). 

Murray,  John  L.,  a  Representative  from  Ken- 
tucky; born  in  Wadesboro,  Ky.;  completed  pre- 
garatory  studies;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the 
ar,  and  practiced  in  Wadesboro;  held  several  local 
Eositions;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Twenty- 
fth  Congress  (March  4,  1837-March  3,  1839). 

Murray,  Robert  M.,  a  Representative  from 
Ohio;  born  in  Concord,  Lake  county,  Ohio,  No- 
vember 28, 1841;  attended  the  schools  of  Willough- 
by,  Lake  county,  Ohio,  and  Oberlin,  Ohio;  studied 
law  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar;  cashier  of  the 
First  National  bank  in  Painesville,  Ohio;  moved  to 
Piqua,  Ohio,  in  1879;  mayor  of  Painesville,  Ohio, 
from  April,  1877,  to  1879;  'elected  as  a  Democrat  to 
the  Forty-eighth  Congress  (March  4,  1883-March  3, 
1885). 

Murray,  Thomas,  a  Representative  from  Penn- 
sylvania; born  in  Northumberland  county,  Pa.; 
completed  preparatory  studies;  elected  as  a  Dem- 
ocrat to  the  Seventeenth  Congress  (March  4,  1821- 
March  3,  1823). 

Murray,  William,  a  Representative  from  New 
York;  born  in  Wallkill,  Orange  county,  N.  Y., 
October  1,  1803;  attended  the  common  schools; 
held  several  local  offices;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to 
the  Thirty-second  and  Thirty-third  Congresses 
(March  4,  1851-March  3,  1855);  died  in  Goshen, 
N.  Y.,  August  25,  1875. 

Murray,  William  Vans,  a  Representative  from 
Maryland;  born  in  Cambridge,  Md.,  in  1762;  com- 
pleted preparatory  studies;  studied  law  in  the 
Temple,  in  London,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and 
began  practice  in  Cambridge,  Md.,  in  1785;  mem- 
ber of  the  Maryland  state  legislature;  elected  as  a 
Federalist  to  the  Second,  Third,  and  Fourth  Con- 
gresses (March  4,  1791-March  3,  1797);  minister 
resident  to  the  Netherlands  1797-1801;  died  in 
Cambridge,  Dorchester  county,  Md.,  December  11, 
1803. 

Mutchler,  Howard,  a  Representative  from 
Pennsylvania;  born  in  Easton,  Pa.,  February  12, 
1859;  attended  the  public  schools  and  the  Phillips 
academy,  Andover,  Mass.;  read  law  with  his 
father  in  Easton;  before  qualifying  for  admission 
to  the  bar  became  editor  and  publisher  of  the 
Easton  Daily  Express  and  the  Northampton  Dem- 
ocrat; elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Fifty-third 
Congress,  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  the  death  of 
William  Mutchler,  and  served  from  August  7, 1893, 
to  March  3,  1895;  reelected  to  the  Fifty-seventh 
Congress  (March  4,  1901-March  3,  1903). 

Mutchler,  William,  a  Representative  from 
Pennsylvania;  born  in  Northampton  county,  Pa., 
December  21,  1831;  pursued  an  academic  course; 
studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  practiced ; 
elected  prothonotary  of  Northampton  county  in 
1860,  and  1863;  appointed  assessor  of  internal  reve- 
nue in  March,  1867,  and  served  until  May,  1869; 
chairman  of  the  Democratic  state  committee  of 


Pennsylvania  1869-1870;  delegate  in  Democratic 
national  conventions  from  1876  until  his  death; 
elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Forty-fourth  Congress 
(March  4,  1875-March  3,  1877);  reelected  to  the 
Forty-seventh  and  Forty-eighth  Congresses  (March 
4,  1881-March  3,  1885) ;  again  elected  to  the  Fifty- 
first,  Fifty-second,  and  Fifty-third  Congresses,  and 
served  from  March  4,  1889,  until  his  death  in  Eas- 
ton, Pa,,  June  23,  1893. 

Myers,  Amos,  a  Representative  from  Pennsyl- 
vania; born  in  Lancaster  county,  Pa.,  April  23, 
1824;  completed  preparatory  studies;  studied  law, 
was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced  practice 
in  Clarion,  Pa.,  in  1846;  held  several  local  offices; 
appointed  district  attorney  in  1847;  elected  as  a 
Republican  to  the  Thirty-eighth  Congress  (March 
4,  1863-March  3,  1865). 

Myers,  Leonard,  a  Representative  from  Penn- 
sylvania; born  in  Attleboro,  Bucks  county,  Pa., 
November  13,  1827;  pursued  classical  studies;  at- 
tended the  university  of  Pennsylvania  in  1842, 
studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  prac- 
ticed in  Philadelphiaj  Pa.;  held  several  local 
offices;  major  of  the  ninth  Pennsylvania  militia 
during  the  emergency  service  of  September,  1862; 
elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Thirty-eighth, 
Thirty-ninth;  Fortieth,  Forty-first,  Forty-second, 
and  Forty-third  Congresses  (March  4, 1863-March  3, 
1875) ;  unsuccessful  candidate  for  reelection  to  the 
Forty-fourth  Congress;  died  in  Philadelphia,  Pa., 
February  11,  1905. 

Myers,  William  Ralph,  a  Representative  from 
Indiana;  born  in  Clinton  county,  Ohio,  June  12, 
1836;  moved  with  his  parents  to  Madison  county, 
Ind.,  October,  1848;  attended  the  common  schools; 
learned  the  painter's  trade;  taught  in  the  common 
schools;  enlisted  in  company  G,  forty-seventh 
Indiana  volunteers  as  a  private;  was  promoted  to 
orderly  sergeantj  second  lieutenant,  first  lieuten- 
ant, and  captain;  served  four  years  and  three 
months;  elected  county  surveyor  of  Madison 
county  in  1858;  after  returning  from  the  army, 
taught  school;  studied  law  and  was  admitted  to 
the  bar  in  1871;  superintendent  of  the  public 
schools  of  Anderson  1868-1869;  served  as  a  mem- 
ber of  the  school  board  of  Anderson;  elected  as  a 
Democrat  to  the  Forty-sixth  Congress  (March  4, 
1879-March  3,  1881);  died  in  Anderson,  Ind., 
April  18,  1907. 

Nabers,  Benjamin  D.,  a  representative  from 
Mississippi;  was  a  native  of  Tennessee;  attended 
the  common  schools;  moved  to  Hickory  Flat,  Miss. ; 
held  several  local  offices;  elected  as  a  Unionist  to 
the  Thirty-second  Congress  (March  4, 1851-March  3, 
1853) ;  defeated  as  a  Whig  for  the  Thirty-third  Con- 
gress; moved  to  Tennessee;  Presidential  elector  in 
1861. 

Naphen,  Henry  Francis,  a  Representative 
from  Massachusetts;  born  in  Ireland  August  14, 
1852;  moved  with  .his  parents  to  Lowell,  Mass.; 
studied  under  private  tutors;  attended  the  public 
schools;  was  graduated  from  Harvard  University 
in  1878;  attended  Boston  University  Law  School; 
admitted  to  the  bar  in  1880  and  practiced  in  Boston; 
member  of  the  school  committee  of  Boston  in  1882 
for  three  years;  member  of  the  state  senate  in  1885 
and  1886;  appointed  bail  commissioner  by  the  jus- 
tices of  the  superior  court;  elected  as  a  Democrat 
to  the  Fifty-sixth  and  Fifty-seventh  Congresses 
(March  4,  1899-March  3,  1903);  died  in  Boston, 
Mass.,  June  8,  1905. 


886 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIEECTOEY. 


Nash,  Abner,  a  Delegate  from  North  Carolina; 
born  in  Prince  Edward  county,  Va.,  August  8, 1716; 
moved  with  his  parents  to  New  Berne,  N.  C.,  and 
attended  the  common  schools;  studied  and  prac- 
ticed law;  served  in  the  house  of  commons  in  1777, 
1778,  1782,  and  1785;  elected  governor  of  North 
Carolina  in  1779-80;  Delegate  to  the  Continental 
Congress  from  1782  to  1786;  died  in  Philadelphia, 
Pa.,  while  on  his  way  to  take  his  seat  in  Congress 
December  2,  1786. 

Nash,  Charles  E.,  a  Representative  from  Lou- 
isiana; was  a  native  of  Opelousas,  La.;  educated  in 
New  Orleans;  bricklayer;  private  in  the  eighty- 
third  regiment  United  States  Chasseurs  d'Afrique 
April  20,  1863;  promoted  to  sergeant  major;  lost  a 
leg  at  the  storming  of  Fort  Blakeley;  elected  as  a 
Republican  to  the  Forty-fourth  Congress  (March  4, 
1875-March  3,  1877);  defeated  for  the  Forty-fifth 
Congress. 

Naudain,  Arnold,  a  Senator  from  Delaware; 
born  near  Dover,  Del.,  January  6,  1790;  completed 
preparatory  studies,  and  was  graduated  from 
Princeton  college  in  1806  and  from  the  medical 
department  of  the  University  of  Pennsylvania  in 
1810  and  commenced  practice;  surgeon  general  of 
the  Delaware  militia  in  the  war  of  1812;  member  of 
the  state  house  of  representatives,  and  served  as 
speaker  in  1826;  served  in  the  state  senate;  defeated 
for  governor  of  Delaware  by  six  votes;  elected  to 
the  United  States  Senate  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by 
the  resignation  of  Louis  McLane;  reelected  in  1832 
and  served  from  January  13, 1830,  until  his  resigna- 
tion, June  16,  1836;  resumed  the  practice  of  medi- 
cine in  Wilmington,  Del.;  collector  of  the  port  of 
Wilmington,  Del.,  1841-1845;  moved  to  Philadel- 
phia, Pa.,  in  1845  and  practiced  medicine;  died  in 
Odessa,  Del.,  January  4,  1872. 

Naylor,  Charles,  a  Representative  from  Penn- 
sylvania; born  in  Philadelphia  county,  Pa.,  Octo- 
ber 6, 1806;  completed  preparatory  studies;  studied 
law  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar;  commenced 
practice  in  Philadelphia,  Pa.,  in  1828;  held  several 
local  offices;  elected  as  a  Whig  to  the  Twenty-fifth 
Congress  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  the  death  of  Fran- 
cis J.  Harper;  reelected  to  the  Twenty-sixth  Con- 
gress and  served  from ,  1837,  to  March  3, 1841 ; 

captain  of  a  company  of  volunteers  in  the  Mexican 
war;  died  in  Philadelphia,  Pa.,  December  24,  1872. 

Neal,  Henry  Safford,  a  Representative  from 
Ohio;  born  in  Gallipolis,  Ohio,  August  25,  1828; 
was  graduated  from  Marietta  college  in  1847; 
studied  law  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1851; 
elected  to  the  state  senate  in  1861  and  1863;  com- 
menced practice  in  Ironton,  Ohio;  appointed  con- 
sul to  Lisbon,  Portugal,  in  1869;  by  the  resignation 
of  the  minister  resident  became  charge  d'affaires  in 
December,  1869;  in  July,  1870,  resigned  and  re- 
turned to  Ohio;  delegate  to  the  Ohio  constitutional 
convention  in  1873;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the 
Forty-fifth,  Forty-sixth,  and  Forty-seventh  Con- 
gresses (March  4,  1877-March  3,  1883);  appointed 
Solicitor  of  the  Treasury  by  President  Arthur, 
which  position  he  held  until  a  successor  was  ap- 
pointed by  President  Cleveland;  died  in  Ironton, 
Ohio,  July  13,  1906. 

Neal,  John  Randolph,  a  Representative  from 
Tennessee;  born  in  Anderson  county,  Tenn.,  No- 
vember 26,  1836;  attended  the  common  schools 
and  was  graduated  from  Emory  and  Henry  college, 
Virginia,  in  June,  1858;  studied  law  and  was  ad- 
mitted to  the  bar  in  1860;  enlisted  in  the  Confed- 


erate army;  elected  captain  of  a  cavalry  company, 
which  afterwards  became  a  part  of  the  sixteenth 
battalion  Tennessee  cavalry,  and  promoted  to  be 
lieutenant  colonel  of  the  battalion ;  member  of  the 
house  of  representatives  of  Tennessee,  1874;  elected 
to  the  state  senate  in  November,  1878;  speaker  of 
the  senate  in  1879;  elector  on  the  Hancock  and 
English  ticket  in  1880;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to 
the  Forty-ninth  and  Fiftieth  Congresses  (March  4 
1885-March  3,  1889);  died  in  Rhea  Springs,  Rhea 
county,  Tenn.,  March  26,  1889. 

Neal,  Lawrence  Talbott,  a  Representative 
from  Ohio;  born  in  Parkersburg,  Va.  (now  West 
Virginia),  September  22,  1844;  pursued  classical 
studies;  m<3ved  to  Chillicothe,  Ohio  in  1864; 
studied  law  and  in  1866  was  admitted  to  the  bar; 
commenced  practice  in  Chillicothe,  Ohio,  in  1867; 
city  solicitor  in  1867-1868 ;  member  of  the  state  legis- 
lature in  1867-1868;  declined  a  reelection;  prose- 
cuting attorney  of  Ross  county,  Ohio,  in  1870,  and 
resigned  in  October,  1872;  elected  as  a  Democrat 
to  the  Forty-third  and  Forty-fourth  Congresses 
(March  4,  1873-March  3,  1877);  defeated  for  the 
Forty-fifth  and  Forty-sixth  Congresses;  defeated 
for  the  state  senate  in  1887;  delegate  to  the  Demo- 
cratic national  conventions  in  1888  and  1892;  de- 
feated by  William  McKinley  for  governor  of  Ohio 
in  1893;  died  in  Chillicothe,  Ohio,  November  2, 
1905. 

Neale,  Raphael,  a  Representative  from  Mary- 
land; was  a  native  of  St.  Mary  county,  Md.,  and 
resided  at  Leonardstown;  received  a  limited  edu- 
cation; elected  to  the  Sixteenth,  Seventeenth,  and 
Eighteenth  Congresses  (March  4,  1819-March  3, 
1825;  died  in  Leonardstown  October  19,  1833. 

Neece,  William  H.,  a  Representative  from  Illi- 
nois; born  in  what  was  then  Sangamon  county, 
now  part  of  Logan  county,  111.,  February  26,  1831; 
moved  with  his  parents  to  McDonough  county; 
attended  the  common  schools;  read  law  and  was 
admitted  to  the  bar  in  1858;  member  of  the  city 
council  of  Macomb  in  1861;  member  of  the  state 
legislature  in  1864;  member  of  the  constitutional 
convention  in  1869;  again  elected  to  the  legislature 
in  1871;  elected  to  the  state  senate  in  1878;  elected 
as  a  Democrat  to  the  Forty -eighth  and  Forty-ninth 
Congresses  (March  4,  1883-March  3,  1887);  after 
leaving  Congress  resumed  the  practice  of  law;  also 
devoted  his  time  to  the  raising  of  cattle;  died  in 
Macomb,  111.,  January  6,  1909. 

Needham,  James  Carson,  a  Representative 
from  California;  born  September  17,  1864,  in  Car- 
son City,  Ney.,  in  an  emigrant  wagon,  his  parents 
being  at  the  time  en  route  across  the  plains  to  Cali- 
fornia; attended  the  public  schools  of  California; 
was  graduated  from  the  San  Jose  high  school,  and 
from  the  University  of  the  Pacific  in  San  Jose  in 
1886;  also  from  the  law  department  of  the  Univer- 
sity of  Michigan  in  1889;  clerk  in  the  Adjutant 
General's  office  in  Washington,  D.  C.;  resigned 
from  the  War  Department;  began  the  practice  of 
law  in  November,  1889,  in  Modesto,  Cal. ;  defeated 
for  the  state  senate  in  1890;  elected  as  a  Republi- 
can to  the  Fifty-sixth,  Fifty-seventh,  Fifty-eighth, 
Fifty-ninth,  Sixtieth,  and  Sixty-first  Congresses 
(March  4,  1899-March  3,  1911).  Reelected  to  the 
Sixty-second  Congress. 

Negley,  James  Scott,  a  Representative  from 
Pennsylvania;  born  in  East  Liberty,  Allegheny 
county,  Pa.,  December  22,  1826;  was  graduated 
from  the  Western  University  of  Pennsylvania  in 


BIOGRAPHIES. 


887 


Allegheny  in  1846;  served  in  the  Mexican  war  in 
the  Duquesne  Grays,  first  Pennsylvania  volun- 
teers; entered  the  Union  army  as  brigadier  general 
April  19,  1861;  commanded  a  division  in  Patter- 
son's command,  three  months'  service;  took  part 
in  the  battle  of  Falling  Waters;  organized  and 
equipped  a  brigade  of  infantry  and  artillery  for  the 
West,  and  joined  General  Sherman  October,  1861; 
participated  in  the  Buell  campaign  in  Tennessee; 
defended  Nashville  in  1862,  and  received  special 
commendation  for  this  service;  promoted  to  major 
general  for  distinguished  services  and  gallantry  on 
the  field  of  the  battle  of  Stone  River;  commanded 
a  division  and  took  a  prominent  part  in  the  cam- 
paigns of  Tullahoma,  Chattanooga,  Alabama,  and 
Georgia;  succeeded  Jay  Cook  as  a  member  of  the 
board  of  managers  of  the  National  Home  for  Dis- 
abled Volunteer  Soldiers;  elected  as  a  Republican 
to  the  Forty-first,  Forty-second,  and  Forty-third 
Congresses  (March  4, 1869-March3, 1875);  reelected 
to  the  Forty-ninth  Congress  (March  4,  1885-March 
3,  1887);  after  leaving  Congress  became  engaged  in 
railroading;  died  in  Plainfield,  N.  J.,  August  7, 
1901. 

Neill,  Robert,  a  Representative  from  Arkansas; 
born  in  Independence  county,  Ark.,  November  12, 
1838;  attended  the  common  schools;  took  a  course 
in  land  surveying  under  a  tutor  in  Ohio  in  1859; 
elected  county  surveyor  of  his  native  county  in 
August,  1860;  entered  the  Confederate  army  in 
May,  1861,  as  a  private  soldier  in  company  K, 
first  regiment  Arkansas  mounted  riflemen,  Gen. 
Benjamin  McCulloch's  brigade,  Army  of  the  West; 
promoted  to  the  grade  of  first  lieutenant  in  1862, 
and  to  that  of  captain  in  1863;  clerk  of  the  circuit 
court  of  Independence  county  in  1866-1868;  read 
kw,  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1868;  com- 
menced practice  in  Batesville  in  1872;  lieutenant- 
colonel  of  Arkansas  state  guards  1874-1877;  briga- 
dier-general of  state  militia  1877-1882;  delegate  to 
the  Democratic  national  convention  in  St.  Louis 
June,  1888,  and  vice-president  of  the  convention 
for  Arkansas;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Fifty- 
third  and  Fifty-fourth  Congresses  (March  4,  1893- 
March  3,  1897);  died  in  Batesville,  Independence 
county,  Ark.,  Feb.  16,  1907. 

Neilson,  John,  a  Delegate  from  New  Jersey; 
born  at  Raritan  Landing,  near  New  Brunswick, 
N.  J.,  March  11,  1745;  completed  preparatory 
studies;  attended  the  University  of  Pennsylvania 
in  1758;  merchant  in  New  Brunswick  1769-1775; 
entered  the  Revolutionary  army  as  captain  of  New 
Jersey  militia  in  1775;  appointed  colonel  of  second 
regiment,  Middlesex  county,  New  Jersey,  militia, 
1776;  brigadier  general  of  militia  1777;  deputy 
miartermaster-general  for  New  Jersey  1780-1783; 
Delegate  to  the  Continental  Congress  1778-1779; 
delegate  to  the  state  constitutional  convention 
which  ratified  the  Federal  Constitution  in  1790; 
member  of  the  state  assembly  1800-1801;  resumed 
the  occupation  of  shipping  merchant;  Lafayette 

E resented  him  with  a  sword  in  1824;  died  at  his 
ome,   Raritan  Landing,   near  New  Brunswick, 
March  3,  1833. 

Nelson,  Homer  Augustus,  a  Representative 
from  New  York;  born  in  Poughkeepsie,  N.  Y., 
August  31,  1829;  completed  preparatory  studies; 
studied  law  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar;  com- 
menced practice  in  Poughkeepsie,  N.  Y.;  judge  of 
Dutchess  County  1855-1862;  colonel  of  the  one 
hundred  and  fifty-ninth  New  York  volunteer  in- 
fantry in  the  Civil  war,  resigned  in  1863;  elected 
aa  a  Democrat  to  the  Thirty-eighth  Congress 


(March  4,  1865-March  3,  1867),  defeated  for  the 
Thirty-ninth  Congress;  delegate  to  the  state  con- 
stitutional convention  in  1867;  secretary  of  state 
of  New  York  1867-1870;  member  of  the  state  senate 
in  1881;  appointed  a  member  of  the  commission  to 
report  a  revision  of  the  judiciary  article  in  the  state 
senate  in  1890;  died  in  Poughkeepsie,  N.  Y.,  April 
25,  1891. 

Nelson,  Hugh,  a  Representative  from  Virginia; 
born  in  Yorktown,  Va.,  September  30,  1768;  com- 
pleted preparatory  studies;  was  graduated  from 
William  and  Mary  college  in  1790;  speaker  of  the 
state  house  of  representatives;  judge  of  the  general 
court;  Presidential  elector  on  the  Pinckney  ticket 
in  1809;  elected  to  the  Twelfth,  Thirteenth,  Four- 
teenth, Fifteenth,  Sixteenth,  and  Seventeenth 
Congresses,  and  served  from  March  4,  1811,  until 
his  resignation,  January  14, 1823;  minister  to  Spain, 
serving  from  January  15,  1823,  to  November  23, 
1824;  died  at  his  home  "Belvoir,"  Albemarle 
county,  Va.,  March  18,  1836. 

Nelson,  Jeremiah,  a  Representative  from 
Massachusetts;  born  in  Rowley,  Mass.,  September 
14,  1769;  was  graduated  from  Dartmouth  college  in 
1790;  merchant  in  Newburyport,  Mass.;  held  sev- 
eral local  offices;  elected  as  a  Federalist  to  the 
Ninth  Congress  (March  4,  1805-March  3,  1807), 
elected  to  the  Fourteenth,  Fifteenth,  Sixteenth, 
Seventeenth,  and  Eighteenth  Congresses  (March 
4,  1815-March  3,  1825),  and  again  elected  to  the 
Twenty-second  Congress  (March  4,  1831-March  3, 
1833);  died  in  Newburyport,  Mass.,  October  2, 
1838. 

Nelson,  John,  a  Representative  from  Maryland; 
born  in  Frederick,  Md.,  June  1,  1791;  was  gradu- 
ated from  William  and  Mary  college  in  1811; 
studied  law  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1813; 
commenced  practice  in  his  native  town;  held 
several  local  offices;  elected  to  the  Seventeenth 
Congress  (March  4,  1821-March  3,  1823);  minister 
to  Naples  October  24,  1831,  to  October  15,  1832; 
Attorney  General  of  the  United  States  and  Secre- 
tary of  State  (ad  interim)  under  President  Tyler, 
1843-1845;  died  in  Baltimore,  Md.,  January  8, 
1860. 

Nelson,  John  Marrot,  a  Representative  from 
Wisconsin;  born  in  Burke,  Dane  county,  Wis., 
October  10,  1870;  was  graduated  from  the  Univer- 
sity of  Wisconsin  in  June,  1892;  superintendent  of 
schoolfe  in  Dane  county  in  1892  and  1894;  resigned 
to  accept  the  position  of  bookkeeper  in  the  office  of 
the  secretary  of  state,  where  he  served  from  1894 
to  1897;  edited  The  State  1897-98;  correspondent 
in  state  treasury  1898-1902;  was  graduated  from  the 
law  department  of  the  state  university  1896;  and 
pursued  a  post-graduate  course  1901-1903;  elected 
as  a  Republican  to  Fifty-ninth,  Sixtieth,  and  Sixty- 
first  Congresses  (March  4,  1903-March  3,  1909). 

Nelson,  Knute,  a  Representative  and  a  Senator 
from  Minnesota;  born  in  Voss,  Norway,  February 
2,  1843;  came  to  the  United  States  in  July,  1849, 
and  resided  in  Chicago,  111.;  moved  to  Wisconsin 
in  1850;  served  as  a  private  and  noncommissioned 
officer  in  the  fourth  Wisconsin  regiment  during  the 
Civil  war;  wounded  and  taken  prisoner  at  Port 
Hudson,  La.,  June  14,  1863;  studied  law  and  was 
admitted  to  the  bar  in  1867;  member  of  the  Wis- 
consin assembly  in  1868  and  1869;  moved  to  Doug- 
las county,  Minn.,  in  1871;  county  attorney  1872- 
1874;  member  of  the  state  senate  1875-1878;  Repub- 
lican presidential  elector  in  1880;  member  of  the 


888 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 


board  of  regents  of  the  state  university  from  Feb- 
ruary 1,  1882,  to  January  1,  1893;  elected  to  the 
Forty-eighth,  Forty-ninth,  and  Fiftieth  Congresses 
(March  4,  1883-March  3,  1889);  governor  of  Min- 
nesota in  1892  and  reelected  in  1894;  elected  as  a 
Republican  to  the  United  States  Senate  January 
23, 1895,  and  took  his  seat  March  4, 1895;  reelected 
in  1901  and  1907  for  the  term  ending  March  4, 
1913;  author  of  the  bill  for  the  creation  of  the 
Department  of  Commerce  and  Labor. 

Nelson,  Roger,  a  Representative  from  Mary- 
land; born  in  Frederick,  Md.,  in  1735;  completed 
preparatory  studies;  served  in  the  Revolutionary 
Army;  wounded  at  the  battle  of  Camden  and  at- 
tained the  rank  of  brigadier  general;  studied  law, 
and  was  admitted  to  the  bar;  commenced  practice 
in  Frederick;  held  several  local  offices;  elected  to 
the  Eighth  Congress  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  the 
death  of  Daniel  Hiester;  reelected  to  the  Ninth, 
Tenth,  and  Eleventh  Congresses,  and  served  from 
November  6,  1804,  until  his  resignation,  May  14, 
1810;  associate  justice  of  the  fifth  judicial  circuit 
of  Maryland;  died  in  Frederick,  Md.,  June  7, 1815. 

Nelson,  Thomas,  a  Delegate  from  Virginia, 
born  in  Yorktown,  Va.,  December  26,  1738;  was 
graduated  from  Trinity  college,  in  England; 
elected  a  member  of  the  house  of  burgesses  while 
on  his  way  home  from  England;  member  of  the 
first  provincial  convention  in  Williamsburg  in  1774; 
Delegate  to  the  Continental  Congress  1775-1777; 
appointed  commander  of  the  Virginia  state  forces 
in  1777;  again  a  Delegate  to  the  Continental  Con- 
gress 1779-1780;  governor  of  Virginia  1781;  died  at 
"Offley,"  Hanover  county,  Va.,  January  4,  1789. 

Nelson,  Thomas  Amos  Rogers,  a  Representa- 
tive from  Tennessee;  born  in  Roane  county,  Tenn., 
March  19,  1812;  completed  preparatory  studies; 
was  graduated  from  East  Tennessee  college  in  1828; 
studied  law,  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1832; 
commenced  practice  in  Washington  county,  Tenn. ; 
presidential  elector  on  the  Taylor  and  Fillmpre 
ticket  in  1848;  appointed  commissioner  to  China 
March  6,  1851,  but  did  not  go  then,  and  resigned 
July  2,  1851;  elected  as  a  Unionist  to  the  Thirty- 
sixth  Congress  (March  4,  1859-March  3,  1861); 
reelected  to  the  Thirty-seventh  Congress,  but  pre- 
vented by  the  Confederates  from  proceeding  to 
Washington  to  take  his  seat;  delegate  to  the  Union 
national  convention  in  Philadelphia  in  1866,  and  to 
the  Democratic  national  convention  in  New  York 
July  4,  1868;  judge  of  the  state  supreme  court, 
1870-1871;  died  in  Knoxville,  Tenn.,  August  24, 
1873. 

Nelson,  Thomas  Manduit,  a  Representative 
from  Virginia;  born  in  Oak  Hill,  Mecklenburg 
county,  Va.,  September  27,  1782;  attended  the 
common  schools;  captain  of  the  tenth  regiment 
infantry  and  major  of  the  thirtieth  and  eighteenth 
infantries  in  the  War  of  1812;  after  the  war  reduced 
to  captain,  and  resigned  his  commission  May  15, 
1815;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Fourteenth 
Congress,  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  the  death  of 
Thomas  Gholson;  reelected  to  the  Fifteenth  Con- 
gress, and  served  from  December  4, 1816,  to  March 
3,  1819;  declined  a  reelection;  died  near  Columbus, 
Ga.,  November  10,  1853. 

Nelson,  William,  a  Representative  from  New 
York;  born  in  Clinton,  N.  Y.,  June  29,  1784;  com- 
pleted preparatory  studies;  studied  law,  and  was 
admitted  to  the  bar;  commenced  practice  in  Peeks- 
kill,  N.  Y.,  in  1807;  for  thirty  years  served  as 


district  attorney  for  Putnam,  Rockland,  and  West- 
chester  counties;  served  in  both  branches  of  the 
state  legislature  several  years;  elected  as  a  Whig 
to  the  Thirtieth  and  Thirty-first  Congresses  (March 
4,  1847-March  3,  1851);  died  in  Peekskill,  N.  Y., 
October  2,  1869. 

Nes,  Henry,  a  Representative  from  Pennsyl- 
vania; born  in  York,  Pa.,  May  20,  1799;  completed 
preparatory  studies;  studied  and  practiced  medi- 
cine; elected  as  an  Independent  to  the  Twenty- 
eighth  Congress  (March  4,  1843-March  3,  1845); 
reelected  to  the  Thirtieth  and  Thirty-first  Con- 
gresses and  served  from  March  4,  1847,  until  his 
death  in  York,  Pa.,  September  10,  1850. 

Nesbitt,  Wilson,  a  Representative  from  South 
Carolina;  resided  in  Spartansburg,  S.  C.;  attended 
the  public  schools;  elected  to  the  Fifteenth  Con- 
gress (March  4,  1817-March  3,  1819). 

Nesmith,  James  Willis,  a  Representative 
and  a  Senator  from  Oregon;  born  in  Washington 
county,  Me.,  July  23,  1820;  moved  with  his  parents 
to  New  Hampshire;  attended  the  common  schools; 
from  there  to  Ohio,  and  in  1843  to  Oregon;  studied 
law  and  was  appointed  judge  in  1845;  United 
States  marshal  for  Oregon  1853-1855,  when  he  re- 
signed; appointed  superintendent  of  Indian  affairs 
for  Oregon  and  Washington  Territories  in  1857; 
elected  to  the  United  States  Senate  and  served 
from  March  4,  1861,  to  March  3,  1867;  appointed 
minister  to  Austria,  but  his  nomination  was  not 
confirmed;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Forty- 
third  Congress  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  the  death 
of  J.  G.  Wilson,  and  served  from  December  1,  1873, 
to  March  3,  1875;  died  in  Rickreall,  Oreg.,  June  17, 
1885. 

Neville,  Joseph,  a  Representative  from  Vir- 
ginia; born  in  1730;  served  in  the  Revolutionary 
army;  elected  to  the  Third  Congress,  (March  4, 1793- 
March  3, 1795);  died  in  Hardy  county,  Va.,  March 
4, 1819. 

Neville,  William,  a  Representative  from 
Nebraska;  born  in  Washington  county,  111. ,  Decem- 
ber 29,  1843;  moved  with  his  parents  to  Chester,  in 
Randolph  county,  in  1851;  attended  McKendree 
college,  Lebanon,  111.;  served  in  the  Union  army 
as  second  sergeant  company  H,  one  hundred  and 
forty-second  Illinois  infantry  in  the  civil  war; 
studied  law  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1874; 
elected  to  the  Illinois  legislature  as  a  Democrat  in 
1872;  moved  to  Nebraska  in  May,  1874;  elected  to 
the  Nebraska  legislature  from  Omaha  in  1876; 
moved  to  North  Platte  in  April,  1877;  elected 
judge  of  the  thirteenth  judicial  district  for  a  four- 
year  term  in  1891;  elected  as  a  Populist  to  the 
Fifty-sixth  Congress  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  the 
death  of  William  L.  Greene;  reelected  to  the  Fifty- 
seventh  Congress  and  served  from  December  4, 
1899,  to  March  3,  1903;  died  in  Douglass,  Ariz., 
April  5,  1909. 

Nevin,  Robert  Murphy,  a  Representative 
from  Ohio;  born  in  Highland  county,  Ohio,  May  5, 
1850;  attended  the.  public  schools  in  Hillsboro, 
Ohio;  was  graduated  from  Ohio  Wesleyan  univer- 
sity in  Delaware,  Ohio,  in  June,  1868;  moved  to 
Dayton,  Ohio,  in  July,  1868;  admitted  to  the  bar 
May  10,  1871;  elected  prosecuting  attorney  of 
Montgomery  county  in  1887;  elected  as  a  Repub- 
lican to  the  Fifty-seventh,  Fifty-eighth,  and  Fifty- 
ninth  Congresses  (March  4,  1901-March  3,  1907). 


BIOGRAPHIES. 


889 


New,  Anthony,  a  Representative  from  Vir- 
ginia and  Kentucky;  born  in  Gloucester  county, 
Va.,  in  1747;  completed  preparatory  studies; 
studied  and  practiced  law;  colonel  in  the  Revolu- 
tionary army;  elected  as  a  Democrat  from  Virginia 
to  the  Third,  Fourth,  Fifth,  Sixth,  Seventh,  and 
Eighth  Congresses  (March  4,  1793-March  3,  1805); 
moved  to  Kentucky  and  located  in  Elkton ;  elected 
as  a  Democrat  from  Kentucky  to  the  Twelfth  Con- 
gress (March  4,  1811-March  3,  1813),  Fifteenth 
Congress  (March  4,  1817-March  3,  1819),  and  Sev- 
enteenth Congress  (March  4,  1821-March  3,  1823); 
died  in  Todd  county,  Ky.,  March  2,  1833. 

New,  Jeptha  Dudley,  a  Representative  from 
Indiana;  born  in  Vernon,  Jennings  county,  Ind., 
November  28,  1830;  attended  Vernon  academy 
and  Bethany  college,  Virginia;  studied  law; 
elected  mayor  of  Vernon;  admitted  to  the  bar  and 
practiced  until  1864 ;  served  two  years  of  that  time 
as  prosecuting  attorney;  elected  judge  of  the  dis- 
trict court  of  common  pleas  in  1864-1868;  resumed 
practice  of  law;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the 
Forty-fourth  Congress  (March  4,  1875-March  3, 
1877);  declined  the  nomination'to  the  Forty-fifth 
Congress;  elected  to  the  Forth-sixth  Congress 
(March  4,  1879-March  3,  1881);  elected  judge  of 
the  sixth  judicial  circuit  of  Indiana  in  1882  and 
served  for  six  years;  supreme  court  commissioner 
of  Indiana  in  1889;  appointed  appellate  judge  in 
1891;  nominated  by  the  Democratic  party  as  a 
candidate  for  supreme  judge  in  1892,  but  died  be- 
fore the  election  in  Vernon,  Ind,,  July  9,  1892. 

Newberry,  John  Stoughton,  a  Representative 
from  Michigan;  born  in  Waterville,  Oneida  county, 
N.  Y.,  November  18,  1826;  moved  with  his  parents 
to  Michigan  when  a  child,  residing  successively  in 
Detroit,  Ann  Arbor,  and  Romeo;  completed  pre- 
paratory studies  in  Romeo  academy;  was  gradu- 
ated from  Michigan  university  in  1847;  spent  two 
years  in  civil  engineering  on  railroads;  studied  law 
in  Detroit,  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1852; 
made  the  admiralty  of  the  western  lakes  and 
rivers  a  specialty  for  seventeen  years  and  pub- 
lished the  first  volume  of  admiralty  reports  of 
decisions  of  cases  arising  on  those  waters;  engaged 
in  several  large  manufacturing  enterprises  in  1864; 
declined  political  honors  of  every  kind  previous  to 
his  election  as  a  Republican  to  the  Forty-sixth 
Congress  March  4,  1879-March  3,  1881;  died  in 
Detroit,  Mich.,  January  2,  1887. 

Newberry,  Walter  Cass,  a  Representative 
from  Illinois;  born  in  Sangerfield,  Oneida  county, 
N.  Y.,  December  23,  1835;  pursued  an  academic 
course;  enlisted  in  the  Union  army  as  a  private  in 
the  eighty -first  New  York  volunteers;  was  pro- 
moted lieutenant  in  1861;  captain  in  1862;  major  of 
the  twenty-fourth  New  York  cavalry  in  1863; 
lieutenant  colonel  and  colonel  in  1864  and  was 
breve tted  brigadier  general,  March  31,  1865,  for 
gallant  and  meritorious  service  at  Dinwiddie  Court 
House  where  he  was  severely  wounded;  moved  to 
Petersburg,  Va.,  in  1865;  elected  mayor  in  1869; 
superintendent  of  public  property  for  the  state  for 
four  years;  moved  to  Chicago,  111.,  in  1876;  post- 
master in  Chicago,  1888-1889;  elected  as  a  Demo- 
crat to  the  Fifty-second  Congress  (March  4,  1891- 
March  3,  1893). 

Newbold,  Thomas,  a  Representative  from  New 
Jersey;  born  in  Chesterfield  township,  Burlington 
county,  N.  J.,  February  8,  1760;  member  of  the 
state  assembly  1797,  and  1820-1822;  elected  as  a 
Democrat  to  the  Tenth,  Eleventh,  and  Twelfth 


Congresses  (March  4,  1807-March  3,  1813);  died  in 
Springfield  township,  Burlington  county,  N.  J., 
December  18,  1823. 

Newcomb,  Carman  A.,  a  Representative  from 
Missouri;  born  in  Mercer  county,  JPa.,  July  1,  1830; 
completed  preparatory  studies;  studied  law  and 
was  admitted  to  the  bar;  moved  to  Iowa,  where  he 
was  a  judge  for  five  years;  moved  to  Missouri  and 
resumed  practice;  served  in  the  Missouri  legisla- 
ture 1865-66;  elected  as  a  Radical  to  the  Fortieth 
Congress  (March  4,  1867-March  3,  1869). 

Newell,  William  Augustus,  a  Representative 
from  New  Jersey;  born  in  Franklin,  Ohio,  Septem- 
ber 5,  1817;  was  graduated  from  Rutgers  college  in 
1836,  and  from  the  medical  department  of  the  Uni- 
versity of  Pennsylvania  in  1839;  began  practice  in 
Allentown,  N.  J.;  elected  as  a  Whig  to  the  Thir- 
tieth and  Thirty-first  Congresses  (March  4,  1847- 
March  3,  1851);  governor  of  New  Jersey  1856-^1860; 
delegate  to  the  Republican  national  convention  in 
Baltimore  in  1864;  reelected  as  a  Republican  to  the 
Thirty-ninth  Congress  (March  4,  1865-March  3, 
1867);  defeated  for  the  Fortieth  Congress;  defeated 
as  Republican  candidate  for  governor  of  New 
Jersey  in  1877;  died  in  Allentown,  N.  J.,  August  8, 
1901. 

Newhard,  Peter,  a  Representative  from  Penn- 
sylvania; born  in  Allentown,  Pa.,  July  26,  1783; 
completed  preparatory  studies;  studied  law  and 
was  admitted  to  the  bar  and  practiced;  held  several 
local  offices;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Twenty- 
sixth  and  Twenty-seventh  Congresses  (March  4, 
1839-March  3,  1843);  died  in  Allentown,  Pa.,  Feb- 
ruary 19,  1860. 

Newlands,  Francis  Griffith,  a  Representative 
and  a  Senator  from  Nevada;  born  in  Natchez,  Miss., 
August  28,  1848;  attended  Yale  college  and  the 
Columbian  college  law  school  in  Washington,  but 
prior  to  graduation  was  admitted  to  the  bar;  moved 
to  San  Francisco  and  practiced  law;  continued  in 
the  active  practice  of  his  profession  until  1886, 
when  he  became  a  trustee  of  the  estate  of  William 
Sharon,  formerly  United  States  Senator  from  the 
State  of  Nevada;  engaged  actively  in  the  agitation 
of  the  silver  question,  and  was  for  years  vice-chair- 
man of  the  national  silver  committee ;  elected  as  a 
Democrat  to  the  Fifty-third,  Fifty-fourth,  Fifty- 
Fifth,  Fifty-sixth,  and  Fifty-seventh  Congresses 
(March  4,  1893-March  3,  1903);  elected  to  the 
United  States  Senate  and  took  his  seat  March  4, 
1903.  Reelected  in  1909  for  the  term  ending 
March  3,  1915. 

Newman,  Alexander,  a  Representative  from 
Virginia;  born  near  Orange,  Va.,  October  5,  1804; 
pursued  an  academic  course;  held  several  local 
offices;  elected  to  the  Virginia  legislature  in  1836; 
postmaster  of  Wheeling  1845-1849,  when  he  re- 
signed; elected  to  the  Thirty-first  Congress,  but 
died  before  the  convening  of  Congress,  in  Pitts- 
burgh, Pa.,  September  8,  1849. 

Newnan,  Daniel,  a  Representative  from  Geor- 
gia; was  a  native  of  North  Carolina;  completed 
preparatory  studies;  ensign  of  the  fourth  United 
States  infantry;  promoted  to  first  lieutenant  in  1799, 
and  resigned  January  1,  1802;  commanded  the 
Georgia  volunteers  in  the  Creek  war  1812-1814, 
major  general  of  militia;  elected  as  a  States  Rights 
Democrat  to  the  Twenty-second  Congress  (March 
4,  1831-March  3,  1833);  died  in  Walker  county, 
Ga.,  January  16,  1851. 


890 


CONGRESSIONAL   DIEECTOEY. 


Newsham,  Joseph  Parkinson,  a  Representa- 
tive from  Louisiana;  born  in  Preston,  Lancashire, 
England,  May  24,  1837;  attended  the  common 
schools;  emigrated  to  the  United  States  with  his 
parents  and  settled  in  Monroe  county,  111.,  1839; 
studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  practiced 
in  Edwardsville,  111.,  1859-1861;  served  in  the 
Union  army  on  the  staffs  of  General  Fremont  and 
General  Smith;  adjutant  of  the  thirty-second  Mis- 
souri volunteer  infantry,  and  resigned  July  4,  1864; 
moved  to  Louisiana  in  1864  and  practiced  law  in 
Donaldson ville;  moved  to  St.  Francisville,  La.,  in 
1867;  member  of  the  constitutional  convention 
1868-1869;  established  the  Feliciana  Republican; 
elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Fortieth  Congress 
(March  4,  1867-March  3,  1869);  successfully  con- 
tested the  election  of  Michael  Ryan,  Democrat,  to 
the  Forty-first  Congress,  and  was  seated  on  May  23, 
1870,  and  served  until  March  3,  1871. 

Newton,  Cherubusco,  a  Representative  from 
Louisiana;  born  in  Louisiana  May  15,  1848;  pur- 
sued an  academic  course;  taught  school,  studied 
law,  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1870  and  com- 
menced practice;  elected  to  the  state  senate  in  1879 
and  served  four  years;  declined  a  judgeship  in 
1885;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Fiftieth  Con- 
gress (March  4,  1887-March  3,  1889). 

Newton,  Eben,  a  Representative  from  Ohio; 
born  in  Goshen,  Conn.,  October  16,  1795;  attended 
the  common  schools;  moved  to  Portage  county, 
Ohio;  studied  law  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar; 
commenced  practice  in  Canfield,  Ohio,  in  1823; 
member  of  the  state  senate  in  1842;  judge  of  the 
third  judicial  circuit;  elected  as  a  Whig  to  the 
Thirty-second  Congress  (March  4,  1851-March  3, 
1853);  defeated  for  reelection;  president  of  the 
Ashtabula  &  New  Lisbon  Railroad  Co.  1856-1859. 

Newton,  Thomas,  Jr.,  a  Representative  from 
Virginia;  born  in  Norfolk,  Va.,  November  21,  1768; 
completed  preparatory  studies;  studied  law  and 
was  admitted  to  the  bar;  commenced  practice  in 
Norfolk;  held  several  local  offices;  elected  as  a 
Democrat  to  the  Seventh  and  to  the  thirteen  suc- 
ceeding Congresses  (March  4,  1801-March  3,  1829); 
presented  credentials  as  Member-elect  to  the 
Twenty-first  Congress,  but  the  election  was  suc- 
cessfully contested  by  George  Loyall,  who  took  the 
seat  March  9, 1830;  reelected  to  the  Twenty-second 
Congress  (March  4,  1831-March  3,  1833);  died  in 
Norfolk,  Va.,  August  5,  1847. 

Newton,  Thomas  Willoughby,  a  Representa- 
tive from  Arkansas;  born  in  Alexandria,  Va.,  Jan- 
uary 18,  1804;  attended  the  common  schools; 
moved  in  1820  to  Arkansas  and  located  in  Little 
Rock;  moved  to  Shelby  county,  Ky.,  and  returned 
to  Little  Rock  in  1837  and  became  cashier  in  a 
bank;  elected  to  the  Twenty-ninth  Congress  to  fill 
vacancy  caused  by  the  resignation  of  Archibald 
Yell,  and  served  from  February  6, 1847,  to  March  3, 
1847;  died  in  New  York  September  22,  1853. 

Newton,  Willoughby,  a  Representative  from 
Virginia;  born  in  Westmoreland  county,  Va.,  De- 
cember 2,  1802;  received  a  limited  education; 
elected  as  a  Whig  to  the  Twenty-eighth  Congress 
(March  4,  1843-March  3,  1845);  died  in  Westmore- 
land county,  Va.,  May  10,  1874. 

Niblack,  Silas  L.,  a  Representative  from  Flor- 
ida; successfully  contested  election  of  Josiah  T. 
Walls  to  the  Forty-second  Congress  and  served  from 
January  29, 1873,  to  March  3,  1873;  defeated  as  the 


Democratic  candidate  at  large  for  the  Forty-third 
Congress. 

Niblack,  William  Ellis,  a  Representative  from 
Indiana;  born  in  Dubois  county,  Ind.,  May  19, 
1822;  attended  Indiana  university,  but  did  not 
graduate;  studied  law  and  was  admitted  to  the 
bar;  practiced  in  Vincennes,  Ind.;  elected  to  the 
state  house  of  representatives,  1849  and  1853;  mem- 
ber of  the  state  senate  1850-1852;  circuit  judge  from 
January,  1854,  to  October,  1857;  elected  as  a  Demo- 
crat to  the  Thirty-fifth  Congress  to  fill  vacancy 
caused  by  the  death  of  James  Lockhart;  reelected 
to  the  Thirty-sixth  Congress  and  served  from  De- 
cember 7,  1857,  to  March  3,  1861;  delegate  to  the 
Democratic  national  conventions  in  1864, 1868,  and 
1876;  reelected  to  the  Thirty-ninth  and  to  the  four 
succeeding  Congresses  (March  4,  1865-March  3, 
1875);  judge  of  the  supreme  court  of  Indiana  1877- 
1889;  again  elected  to  the  state  house  of  representa- 
tives in  1889-1891  and  served  as  speaker;  died  in 
Indianapolis,  Ind.,  May  7,  1893. 

Nicholas,  John,  a  Representative  from  Vir- 
ginia; born  in  Williamsburg,  Va.,  January  19, 1761; 
attended  the  common  schools;  was  graduated  from 
William  and  Mary  college;  elected  as  an  Anti- 
Federalist  to  the  Third,  Fourth,  Fifth,  and  Sixth 
Congresses  (March  4,  1793-March  3,  1799);  moved 
to  Geneva,  N.  Y. ;  member  of  the  state  senate  1806- 
1809 ;  j  udge  of  the  court  of  common  pleas  1806-1819 ; 
died  in  Geneva,  N.  Y.,  December  31,  1819. 

Nicholas,  Robert  Carter,  a  Senator  from  Lou" 
isiana;  born  in  Hanover,  Va.,  in  1793;  was  gradu- 
ated from  William  and  Mary  college;  served  in  the 
War  of  1812  as  captain  and  major;  moved  to  Louisi- 
ana and  became  a  sugar  planter;  secretary  of  state 
of  Louisiana;  elected  to  the  United  States  Senate 
to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  the  resignation  of  Charles 
E.  A.  Gayarre,  serving  from  1836  to  1841;  died  in 
Terrebonne  parish,  La.,  December  24,  1857. 

Nicholas,  Wilson  Carey,  a  Representative  and 
Senator  from  Virginia;  born  in  Williamsburg,  Va., 
January  31,  1761;  was  graduated  from  William  and 
Mary  college;  served  in  the  Revolutionary  army; 
delegate  to  the  state  constitutional  convention 
which  ratified  the  Federal  Constitution;  elected 
as  a  Democrat  to  the  United  States  Senate  to  fill 
vacancy  caused  by  the  death  of  Henry  Tazewell, 
and  served  from  January  3,  1800,  to  1804,  when  he 
resigned;  collector  of  the  port  in  Norfolk  1804- 
1807;  elected  to  the  Tenth  and  Eleventh  Con- 
gresses and  served  from  March  4,  1807,  until  his  res- 
ignation, November  27,  1809;  governor  of  Virginia 
1814-1817;  died  in  Milton,  Va.,  October  10,  1820. 

Nichols,  John,  a  Representative  from  North 
Carolina;  born  in  Wake  county,  N.  C.,  November 
14,  1834;  attended  the  common  schools;  appren- 
ticed to  the  printing  business;  attended  Lovejoy 
academy;  engaged  in  the  book  and  job  printing 
business  and  newspaper  publishing;  principal  of 
the  North  Carolina  institute  for  the  deaf  and  dumb 
and  the  blind  1873-1877;  revenue-stamp  agent  in 
Durham,  N.  C.,  1879-1881;  appointed  postmaster 
in  Raleigh,  N.  C.,  in  1881-1885;  secretary  and  treas- 
urer of  the  State  Fair  Association;  elected  as  an 
Independent  to  the  Fiftieth  Congress  (March  4, 
1887-March  3,  1889);  chief  of  the  division  of  mail 
files  and  records  of  the  Treasury  Department  during 
President  Harrison's  administration  until  his  resig- 
nation July  1,  1893;  returned  to  Raleigh,  N.  C., 
and  was  in  the  internal-revenue  office. 


BIOGKAPHIES. 


891 


Nichols,  Matthias  H.,  a  Representative  from 
Ohio;  born  in  Sharpstown,  N.  J.,  October  3,  1824; 
attended  the  common  schools;  printer;  moved  to 
Ohio  in  1842;  studied  law  and  was  admitted  to  the 
bar;  commenced  practice  in  Lima,  Ohio;  prose- 
cuting attorney  for  Allen  county;  elected  as  a  Re- 
publican to  the  Thirty- third,  Thirty-fourth,  and 
Thirty-fifth  Congresses  (March  4,  1853-March  3, 
1859);  died  in  Cincinnati,  Ohio,  September  15, 
1862. 

Nicholls,  John  Calhown,  a  Representative 
from  Georgia;  born  in  Clinton,  Jones  county,  Ga., 
April  25, 1834 ;  attended  William  and  Mary  college, 
Virginia;  studied  law  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar; 
soldier  in  the  Confederate  army;  delegate  to  the 
Democratic  national  convention  that  nominated 
John  C.  Breckinridge  for  President;  member  of  the 
state  constitutional  convention  of  1865;  presiden- 
tial elector  on  the  Seymour  and  Blair  ticket  of  1868; 
elected  to  the  Georgia  senate  in  1870  and  served  five 
years;  delegate  to  the  Democratic  national  con- 
vention in  St.  Louis  in  1876 ;  elected  as  a  Democrat 
to  the  Forty-sixth  Congress  (March  4,  1879-March 

3,  1881);    reelected  to  the  Forty-eighth  Congress 
(March  4, 1883-March  3,  1885);  died  in  Blackshear, 
Ga.,  December  25,  1893. 

Nicholls,  Thomas  David,  a  Representative 
from  Pennsylvania;  born  in  Wilkes-Barre,  Luzerne 
county,  Pa.,  September  16,  1870;  attended  public 
schools;  studied  mining  by  correspondence  in  the 
International  Correspondence  Schools  of  Scran  ton; 
in  1897  passed  a  state  examination  and  received  a 
mine  foreman's  certificate  of  competency;  district 
president  of  District  No.  1,  United  Mine  Workers 
of  America,  1899;  elected  to  the  Sixtieth  and 
Sixty-first  Congresses  (March  4,  1907-March  3, 
1911). 

Nicholson,  Alfred  Osburne  Pope,  a  Senator 
from  Tennessee;  born  in  Williamson  county,  Tenn., 
August  31,  1808;  was  graduated  from  Chapel  Hill 
university,  North  Carolina,  in  1827;  studied  law; 
and  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1831;  commenced 
practice  in  Columbia,  Tenn.;  edited  the  Western 
Mercury  in  Columbia  1832-1835;  member  of  the 
state  house  of  representatives  1833-1839 ;  appointed 
to  the  United  States  Senate  as  a  Democrat,  to  fill 
vacancy  caused  by  the  death  of  Felix  Grundy,  and 
served  from  December  25, 1840,  to  October  17, 1843; 
edited  the  Nashville  Union  1844-1846;  elected  to 
the  United  States  Senate  and  served  from  March 

4,  1859,  to  March  3,  1861,  when  he  retired,  but  was 
formally  expelled  by  resolution  of  July  11,  1861; 
chief  justice  of  the  supreme  court  of  Tennessee 
1870-1876;  died  in  Columbia,  Tenn.,  March  23, 
1876. 

Nicholson,  John,  a  Representative  from  New 
York;  born  in  Herkimer,  N.  Y.,  in  1765;  received 
a  limited  education;  studied  law  and  was  admitted 
to  the  bar,  and  practiced;  held  various  local  offices; 
elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Eleventh  Congress 
(March  4,  1809-March  3,  1811);  died  in  Herkimer, 
N.  Y.,  January  20,  1820. 

Nicholson,  John  Anthony,  a  Representative 
from  Delaware;  born  in  Laurel,  Del.,  November  17, 
1827;  completed  preparatory  studies;  superinten- 
dent of  free  schools  for  Kent  county  in  1851 ;  studied 
law  and  waa  admitted  to  the  bar  and  practiced; 
elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Thirty-ninth  and 
Fortieth  Congresses  (March  4,  1865-March  3,  1869). 

Nicholson,  Joseph  Hopper,  a  Representative 
from  Maryland;  born  in  Maryland  in  1770;  com- 


pleted preparatory  studies;  studied  law,  was 
admitted  to  the  bar,  and  practiced;  elected  as  a 
Democrat  to  the  Sixth,  Seventh,  Eighth,  and 
Ninth  Congresses,  and  served  from  March  4,  1799, 
until  his  resignation  March  1,  1806;  chief  justice 
of  the  sixth  judicial  district  of  Maryland;  judge  of 
the  court  of  appeals;  died  in  Anne  Arundel  county. 
Md.,  March  4,  1817. 

Nicoll,  Henry,  a  Representative  from  New 
York;  born  in  New  York,  October  23,  1812;  was 
graduated  from  Columbia  college  in  1830;  studied 
law  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar;  commenced 
practice  in  New  York;  delegate  to  the  state  con- 
stitutional convention  in  1847;  elected  as  a  Demo- 
crat to  the  Thirtieth  Congress  (March  4,  1847- 
March  3,  1849). 

Niedringhaus,  Frederick  jGr.,  a  Representa- 
tive from  Missouri;  born  in  Luebbecke,  West- 
phalia, North  Germany,  October  21, 1837 ;  attended 
the  common  schools;  emigrated  to  the  United 
States  and  located  in  St.  Louis,  Mo.,  in  November, 
1855;  in  1862  began  the  stamping  of  tinware,  etc.; 
in  1874  invented  what  is  called  "granite  iron- 
ware ;  "  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Fifty-first 
Congress  (March  4,  1899-March  3,  1891). 

Niles,  Jason,  a  Representative  from  Mississippi; 
born  in  Vermont,  December  19,  1814;  elected  as  a 
Republican  to  the  Forty-third  Congress  (March  4, 
1873-March  3,  1875);  defeated  for  reelection;  died 
in  Kosciusko,  Miss.,  July  7,  1894. 

Niles,  John  Milton,  a  Senator  from  Connecti- 
cut; born  in  Windsor,  Conn.,  August  20,  1787;  com- 
pleted preparatory  studies;  studied  law  and  was 
admitted  to  the  bar  in  1817;  commenced  practice 
in  Hartford,  Conn. ;  established  the  Hartford  Times; 
county  judge  1821-1826;  member  of  the  state  house 
of  representatives  in  1826;  postmaster  in  Hartford 
in  1829;  appointed  as  a  Whig  to  the  United  States 
Senate  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  the  death 
of  Nathan  Smith ;  subsequently  elected,  and 
served  from  December  21,  1835,  to  March  3,  1839; 
Postmaster  General  1840-1841;  again  elected  to 
the  United  States  Senate,  and  served  from  March 
4,  1843,  to  March  3,  1849;  died  in  Hartford,  Conn.. 
May  31,  1856. 

Niles,  Nathaniel,  a  Representative  from  Ver- 
mont; born  in  South  Kingston,  R.  I.,  April  3,  1741; 
attended  Harvard  college  and  was  graduated  from 
Princeton  college  in  1766;  studied  law  and  prac- 
ticed; studied  theology  and  preached;  moved  to 
Orange  county,  Vt.;  member  of  the  state  house  of 
representatives  in  1784  and  served  as  speaker; 
judge  of  the  supreme  court  1784-1788 ;  elected 
to  the  Second  and  Third  Congresses  (March  4, 
1791-March  3,  1795),  died  in  Fairlee,  Vt.,  October 
31,  1828. 

Nisbet,  Eugenius  Aristides,  a  representative 
from  Georgia;  born  in  Union  Point,  Ga.,  December 
3,  1803;  completed  preparatory  studies;  attended 
Powellton  academy,  Hancock  county,  Ga.,  1815- 
1817;  studied  law  and  began  practice  in  Macon, 
Ga.;  member  of  the  state  house  of  representatives; 
defeated  as  the  Whig  candidate  for  the  Twenty- 
fifth  Congress;  elected  as  a  Whig  to  the  Twenty- 
sixth  and  Twenty-seventh  Congresses  (March  4, 
1839-March  3,  1843);  judge  of  the  supreme  court  of 
Georgia;  died  in  Macon,  Ga.,  March  18,  1871. 

Niven,  Archibald  Campbell,  a  Representative 
from  New  York;  born  in  Newburgh,  Orange  county, 


892 


CONGRESSIONAL   DIRECTORY. 


N.  Y.,  December  8,  1803;  completed  preparatory 
studies;  held  several  local  offices;  elected  as  a 
Democrat  to  the  Twenty-ninth  Congress  (March  4, 
1845-March  3,  1847);  died  in  Monticello,  Sullivan 
county,  N.  Y.,  February  21,  1882. 


Fixon,  George  Stuart,  a  Senator  from  Nevada; 
n  April  2,  1860,  in  Placer  county,  Cal. ;  attended 


Nixon, 
born  A] 

the  public  schools;  studied  telegraphy;  in  1881  he 
was  transferred  to  Nevada,  where  he  served  three 
years  as  a  telegraph  operator,  and  in  1884  accepted 
a  clerical  position  in  a  bank  in  Reno;  president  of 
three  banks  in  the  state  and  largely  interested  in 
mining,  stock  raising,  and  farming;  member  of  the 
Nevada  legislature  as  a  Republican  in  1891;  elected 
to  the  United  States  Senate,  January  25,  1905; 
reelected  and  served  from  March  4,  1905  until  his 
death  in  Washington,  D.  C.,  June  6,  1912;  inter- 
ment in  Reno,  Nevada. 

Nixon,  John  Thompson,  a  Representative 
from  New  Jersey;  born  in  Fairton,  Cumberland 
county,  N.  J.,  August  31,  1820;  was  graduated  from 
Princeton  college  in  1841;  studied  law  and  waa 
admitted  to  the  bar  in  1845;  practiced  in  Bridgeton, 
N.  J.;  member  of  the  state  house  of  representatives 
1848-1850,  and  speaker  in  1850;  elected  as  a 
Republican  to  the  Thirty-sixth  and  Thirty-seventh 
Congresses  (March  4,  1859-March  3,  1863);  ap- 
pointed United  States  judge  for  the  district  of  New 
Jersey  in  1870;  died  in  Stockbridge,  Mass.,  Septem- 
ber 28,  1889. 

Noble,  David  Addison,  a  Representative  from 
Michigan;  born  in  Williamstown,  Berkshire  county, 
Mass.,  November  9,  1802;  was  graduated  from  Wil- 
liams college  in  1825;  studied  law  in  Albany  and 
New  York  City,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  prac- 
ticed for  a  time  in  the  last-named  city;  moved  to 
Monroe,  Mich.,  in  1831,  and  continued  in  the  prac- 
tice of  law;  city  recorder,  alderman,  and  mayor  of 
Monroe;  member  of  the  state  legislature  in  1847- 
1848;  prosecuting  attorney  and  probate  judge  of 
Monroe  county;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the 
Thirty-third  Congress  (March  4,  1853-March  3, 
1855);  defeated  for  reelection  to  the  Thirty-fourth 
Congress;  manager  of  the  Louisville,  New  Albany 
&  Chicago  railroad  for  four  years;  delegate  in  the 
Democratic  national  convention  of  1864;  died  in 
Monroe,  Mich.,  October  13,  1876. 

Noble,  James,  a  Senator  from  Indiana;  born 
near  Berryville,  Clarke  county,  Va.,  December  16, 
1785;  moved  with  his  parents  to  Campbell  county, 
Ky.,in  1795;  studied  law  and  was  admitted  to  the 
bar;  moved  to  Brookville,  Franklin  county,  Ind., 
in  1811;  member  of  the  territorial  legislature; 
elected  to  the  United  States  Senate;  reelected  in 
1821  and  1827,  and  served  from  November  8, 1816, 
until  his  death,  in  Washington,  D.  C.,  February  26, 
1831. 

Noble,  Warren  Perry,  a  Representative  from 
Ohio;  born  in  Pennsylvania,  June  14,  1821;  at- 
tended the  common  schools;  moved  to  Ohio; 
studied  law  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar;  com- 
menced practice  in  Tiffin,  Ohio;  held  several  local 
offices;  member  of  the  state  house  of  representa- 
tives 1856-1860 ;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the 
Thirty-seventh  and  Thirty-eighth  Congresses 
(March  4,  1861-March  3,  1865);  defeated  for  the 
Thirty-ninth  Congress;  resumed  the  practice  of  law 
in  Tiffin,  Ohio,  until  his  death,  July  3,  1903. 

Noble,  William  H.,  a  Representative  from  New 
York;  born  in  that  state  in  1788;  resided  in  Cato; 


received  a  limited  education ;  studied  law,  admitted 
to  the  bar,  and  practiced;  held  several  local  offices; 
elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Twenty-fifth  Congress 
(March  4,  1837-March  3,  1839);  defeated  for  reelec- 
tion; died  in  Rochester,  N.  Y.,  February  5,  1850. 

Noell,  John  William,  a  Representative  from 
Missouri;  born  in  Bedford  county,  Va.,  February 
22,  1816;  completed  preparatory  studies;  moved 
with  parents  to  Perry  county,  Mo.,  in  1833;  engaged 
in  milling  and  storekeeping;  studied  law,  waa 
admitted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced  practice  in 
Perryville,  Mo.;  clerk  of  the  circuit  court  for  Perry 
county,  1841-1850;  member  of  the  state  senate, 
1850-1854;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Thirty- 
sixth  and  Thirty-seventh  Congresses  (March  4, 
1859-March  3,  1863);  reelected  to  the  Thirty-eighth 
Congress,  but  died  before  it  assembled  in  Washing- 
ton, D.  C.,  March  14,  1863. 

Noell,  Thomas  Estes,  a  Representative  from 
Missouri;  born  in  Perryville,  Mo.,  April  3,  1839; 
attended  the  public  schools;  studied  law,  was 
admitted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced  practice  in 
Perryville  in  1858;  major  Missouri  state  militia, 
July,  1861,  to  April  1,  1862;  captain  nineteenth 
infantry,  United  States  army,  March,  1862,  until 
his  resignation,  February  20,  1865;  elected  as  a 
Radical  to  the  Thirty-ninth  Congress  (March  4, 
1865-March  3,  1869);  reelected  to  the  Fortieth 
Congress,  but  died  before  it  assembled  in  St.  Louis, 
Mo.,  October  4,  1867. 

Nolan,  Michael  Nicholas,  a  Representative 
from  New  York;  born  in  Ireland  May  4,  1833;  came 
to  this  country  at  the  age  of  10  years;  attended  the 
public  schools  in  Albany;  studied  law  and  was 
admitted  to  the  bar;  director  of  the  National 
Savings  Bank  of  Albany;  fire  commissioner  of 
Albany  for  ten  years;  elected  mayor  of  Albany  in 
1878;  reelected  in  1880  and  1882  while  serving  as 
a  Member  of  Congress;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the 
Forty-seventh  Congress  (March  4,  1881-March  3, 
1883);  died  in  Albany,  N.  Y.,  May  31,  1905. 

Noonan,  Edward  T.,  a  Representative  from 
Illinois;  born  in  Macomb,  111.,  October  23,  1861; 
studied  law  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1882; 
was  graduated  from  the  University  of  Michigan  in 
1883;  member  of  the  senate  of  Illinois  1890-1894; 
colonel  on  the  staff  of  Governor  Altgeld  1893- 
1897;  annually  elected  attorney  for  the  board  of 
West  Chicago  park  commissioners  1893-1898; 
elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Fifty-sixth  Congress 
(March  4,  1899-March  3,  1901). 

Noonan,  George  H.,  a  Representative  from 
Texas;  born  in  New  Jersey;  emigrated  in  1852  to 
Texas;  located  in  Medina  county;  studied  law  and 
was  admitted  to  the  bar  and  practiced;  judge  of 
the  district  court  in  1862-1898;  elected  as  a  Repub- 
lican to  the  Fifty-fourth  Congress  (March  4,  1899- 
March  3,  1901);  after  leaving  Congress  resumed  the 
practice  of  law. 

Norcross,  Amasa,  a  Representative  from 
Massachusetts;  born  in  Rindge,  N.  H.,  January  26, 
1824;  attended  the  common  schools  and  Appleton 
academy,  New  Ipwich;  studied  law  and  was  ad- 
mitted to  the  bar  in  1847;  member  of  the  Massa- 
chusetts house  of  representatives  in  1858, 1859,  and 
1862;  elected  to  the  state  senate  in  1874;  assessor  of 
internal  revenue  August,  1862,  until  May,  1873, 
when  the  office  was  abolished ;  mayor  of  the  city  of 
Fitchburg  in  1873  and  1874;  elected  as  a  Republi- 


BIOGRAPHIES. 


893 


can  to  the  Forty-fifth,  Forty-sixth,  and  Forty- 
seventh  Congresses  (March  4, 1877-March  3, 1883); 
died  in  Paris,  France,  April  2,  1898. 

Norris,  Benjamin  W.,  a  Representative  from 
Alabama;  born  in  Monmouth,  Me.,  in  1819;  was 
graduated  from  Colby  university  in  1843;  mer- 
chant; delegate  to  the  Free  Soil  convention  in 
Buffalo  in  1848;  held  several  local  offices;  delegate 
to  the  Republican  national  convention  in  Balti- 
more in  1864;  paymaster  in  the  Union  army  1864- 
65;  became  a  planter  in  Alabama  after  the  war; 
member  of  the  constitutional  convention  of  Ala- 
bama in  1868;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the 
Fortieth  Congress  (March  4,  1867-March  3,  1869); 
died  in  Montgomery,  Ala.,  January  27,  1873. 

Norris,  George  William,  a  Representative 
from  Nebraska;  born  in  Sandusky  county,  Ohio, 
July  11, 1861;  attended  district  schools;  afterwards 
taughtschool;  attended  Baldwin  university,  Berea, 
Ohio,  and  the  northern  Indiana  normal  school, 
Valparaiso;  studied  law  and  was  admitted  to  the 
bar  in  1883;  moved  to  Nebraska  in  1885,  and 
located  in  Furnas  county;  three  times  prosecuting 
attorney;  declined  further  nomination;  elected 
district  judge  in  1895,  and  reelected  in  1899; 
elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Fifty-eighth,  Fifty- 
ninth,  Sixtieth,  and  Sixty-first  Congresses  (March  4, 
1903-March  3,  1911).  Reelected  to  the  Sixty-second 
Congress. 

Norris,  Moses,  Jr.,  a  Representative  and  Sena- 
tor from  New  Hampshire;  born  in  Pittsfield,  N.  H., 
November  8,  1799;  was  graduated  from  Dartmouth 
college  in  1828;  studied  law  and  was  admitted  to 
the  bar  in  1832;  commenced  practice  in  Barnstead; 
served  two  terms  in  the  state  house  of  representa- 
tives; elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Twenty-eighth 
and  Twenty-ninth  Congresses  (March  4,  1843- 
March  3,  1847);  reelected  to  the  state  house  of 
representatives  in  1847  and  chosen  speaker;  elected 
to  the  United  States  Senate  and  served  from 
March  4,  1849,  until  his  death  in  Washington, 
D.  C.,  January  11,  1855. 

North,  William.,  a  Senator  from  New  York; 
born  in  Fort  Frederick,  Pemaquid,  Me.,  in  1755; 
attended  the  common  schools;  moved  with  his 
mother  to  Boston,  Mass.;  aid-de-camp  to  Major- 
General  Baron  de  Steuben  in  the  Revolutionary 
army;  after  the  war  settled  in  Duanesburg,  N.  Y.; 
member  of  the  state  assembly  and  elected  speaker; 
appointed  to  the  United  States  Senate  to  fill  vacancy 
caused  by  the  resignation  of  John  S.  Hobart,  and 
served  from  May  21,  1798,  to  March  3,  1799;  ap- 
pointed adjutant-general  of  the  army  with  the 
rank  of  brigadier-general,  and  served  from  1798  to 
1800;  died  in  Duanesburg,  N.  Y.,  January  3,  1836. 

Northway,  Stephen  Asa,  a  Representative 
from  Ohio;  born  in  Christian  Hollow,  Onondaga 
county,  N.  Y.,  June  19,  1833;  moved  in  1840  with 
his  parents  into  the  township  of  Orwell,  Ashtabula 
county,  Ohio;  attended  the  district  school.  Kings- 
ville  academy,  and  Orwell  academy;  taught 
school;  studied  law  in  1858  and  admitted  to  the  bar 
in  1859;  elected  prosecuting  attorney  and  located 
in  Jefferson  in  1861;  reelected  prosecuting  attorney 
in  1863;  elected  to  the  state  house  of  representa- 
tives in  1865  and  served  two  years;  elected  as  a 
Republican  to  the  Fifty-third,  Fifty-fourth,  and 
Fifty-fifth  Congresses  (March  4,  1893-March  3, 
1899);  died  in  Jefferson,  Ashtabula  county,  Ohio, 
September  18, 1898. 


Norton,  Daniel  Sheldon,  a  Senator  from 
Minnesota;  born  in  Mount  Vernon,  Ohio,  April  12, 
1829;  pursued  classical  studies  and  was  graduated 
from  Ivenyon  college,  Ohio;  served  in  the  Mexican 
war;  after  the  war  returned  to  Ohio;  studied  law 
and  was  admitted  to  the  bar;  commenced  practice  in 
Mount  Vernon  in  1852;  moved  to  Minnesota  and 
practiced;  served  six  years  in  the  Minnesota  state 
senate;  elected  as  a  Union  Conservative  to  the 
United  States  Senate,  and  served  from  March  4, 
1866,  until  his  death  in  Washington,  D.  C.,  July  13, 
1870. 

Norton,  Ebenezer  F.,  a  Representative  from 
New  York;  was  a  native  of  Buffalo,  N.  Y.;  com- 
pleted preparatory  studies;  studied  law  and  was 
admitted  to  the  bar;  practiced  law;  held  several 
local  offices;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Twenty- 
first  Congress  (March  4,  1829-March  3,  1831). 

Norton,  Elijah  Hise,  a  Representative  from 
Missouri;  born  in  Logan  county,  Ky.,  November 
24,  1821;  completed  preparatory  studies;  studied 
law,  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  began  practice  in 
Platt  City;  moved  to  Missouri;  judge  of  the  circuit 
court  of  Missouri  1852-1860;  elected  as  a  Democrat 
to  the  Thirty-seventh  Congress  (March  1861-March 
3,  1863). 

Norton,  James,  a  Representative  from  South 
Carolina;  born  in  Marion  county,  S.  C.,  October  8, 
1843;  pursued  an  academic  course;  left  school  in 
1861  to  enter  the  Confederate  army;  served  through 
the  war  in  the  army  of  Northern  Virginia;  more 
than  once  wounded,  a  minie  ball  at  one  time  pass- 
ing through  the  body  and  right  lung;  from  this 
wound  he  had  sufficiently  recovered  to  be  able  to 
return  to  the  army  just  in  time,  with  Petersburg,  to 
be  captured;  after  the  war  reentered  school,  but 
did  not  finish  regular  course ;  elected  county  school 
commissioner  in  1870  and  reelected  1872 ;  served  as 
a  member  of  the  house  of  representatives  of  South 
Carolina  1886-87  and  1890-91;  elected  comptroller 
general  of  the  State  1894  and  reelected  1896,  which 
office  he  resigned;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the 
Fifty-fifth  Congress  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  the 
resignation  of  John  L.  McLaurin;  reelected  to  the 
Fifty-sixth  Congress  and  served  from  December  6, 
1897,  until  March  3,  1901. 

Norton,  James  Albert,  a  Representative  from 
Ohio;  born  in  Seneca  county,  Ohio,  November  11, 
1843;  attended  the  public  schools;  enlisted  in 
Union  army  in  August,  1862;  sergeant  company  K, 
one  hundred  and  first  Ohio  volunteer  infantry; 
promoted  to  first  lieutenant  and  adjutant  one  hun- 
dred and  twenty-third  United  States  colored  infan- 
try in  1864;  mustered  out  of  service  at  close  of  the 
war  in  1865;  began  the  practice  of  medicine  in 
1867;  continued  that  profession  until  1879;  admit- 
ted to  the  bar  in  1879;  served  six  years  in  the  Ohio 
house  of  representatives  1873-1879,  and  was  speaker 
pro  tempore  for  two  years;  appointed  commissioner 
of  railroads  and  telegraphs,  when  he  resigned  to 
accept  position  in  railroad  service;  elected  as  a 
Democrat  to  the  Fifty-fifth,  Fifty-sixth,  and  Fifty- 
seventh  Congresses  (March  4,  1897-March  3,  1903). 

Norton,  Jesse  O.,  a  Representative  from  Illi- 
nois; born  in  Bennington,  yt.,  December  25,  1812; 
was  graduated  from  Williams  college  in  1835; 
moved  to  Illinois;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to 
the  bar,  and  in  1840  began  practice  in  Joliet,  111.; 
member  of  the  state  constitutional  convention  in 
1847;  member  of  the  state  house  of  representatives 


894 


CONGRESSIONAL   DIRECTORY. 


in  1851-52 ;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Thirty- 
third  and  Thirty-fourth  Congresses  (March  4,  1853- 
March  3,  1857);  judge  of  the  eleventh  district  of 
Illinois  1857-1862;  reelected  to  the  Thirty-eighth 
Congress  (March  4,  1863-March  3,  1865);  delegate 
to  the  national  Union  convention  in  Philadelphia 
in  1866;  died  in  Chicago,  111.,  August  3,  1875. 

Norton,  Nelson  Ira,  a  Representative  from 
New  York;  born  in  Great  Valley,  Cattaraugus 
county,  N.  Y.,  March  30,  1820;  received  a  limited 
education;  farmer;  held  several  local  offices ;  mem- 
ber of  the  state  assembly  in  1861 ;  presidential  elec- 
tor on  the  Grant  and  Wilson  ticket  in  1872;  elected 
as  a  Republican  to  the  Forty-fourth  Congress  to  fill 
vacancy  caused  by  the  death  of  Augustus  F.  Allen, 
and  served  from  December  6,  1875,  to  March  3, 
1877;  died  in  Hinsdale,  N.  Y.,  October  28,  1887. 

Norton,  Richard  Henry,,  a  Representative 
from  Missouri;  born  in  Troy,  Lincoln  county,  Mo., 
November  6,  1849;  attended  the  St.  Louis  univer- 
sity, where  he  took  the  classical  course;  was  gradu- 
ated from  the  law  department  of  Washington  uni- 
versity, St.  Louis,  in  1870;  admitted  to  the  bar,  and 
practiced  his  profession;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to 
the  Fifty-first  and  Fifty-second  Congresses  (March 
4,  1889-March  3,  1893);  on  leaving  Congress  he 
devoted  his  time  to  practicing  law  and  farming. 

Norvell,  John,  a  Senator  from  Michigan;  born 
in  Danville,  Garrard  county,  Ky.,  December  21, 
1789;  attended  the  common  schools;  learned  the 
trade  of  printer;  studied  law  and  was  admitted  to 
the  bar;  edited  an  anti-Federalist  paper  in  Phila- 
delphia 1816-1832;  moved  to  Michigan  Territory; 
appointed  postmaster  of  Detroit;  delegate  to  the  state 
constitutional  convention  in  Detroit  May  11,  1835; 
elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  United  States  Senate 
and  served  from  January  26,  1837,  to  March  3,  1841; 
resumed  the  practice  of  law  in  Detroit;  member  of 
the  state  legislature  in  1842;  United  States  district 
attorney  of  Michigan  1845-1849;  died  in  Ham- 
tramck,  Mich.,  April  11,  1850. 

Norwood,  Thomas  Manson,  a  Senator  and 
Representative  from  Georgia;  born  in  Talbot 
county,  Ga.,  April  26,  1830;  pursued  an  academic 
course;  was  graduated  from  Emory  college,  Ox- 
ford, Ga.,  in  1850;  studied  law  and  was  admit- 
ted to  practice  in  February,  1852;  moved  to  Savan- 
nah in  March,  1852,  where  he  practiced  law;  mem- 
ber of  the  Georgia  legislature  in  1861-62;  alternate 
Democratic  elector  in  1868  on  the  Seymour  and 
Blair  ticket;  elected  to  the  United  States  Senate 
in  November,  1871 ;  after  a  contest  for  his  seat  with 
Foster  Blodgett  he  was  admitted  to  his  seat  Decem- 
ber 19,  1871,  and  served  until  March  3,  1877; 
elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Forty-ninth  and  Fif- 
tieth Congresses  (March  4,  1885-March  3,  1889); 
resumed  the  practice  of  law  in  Savannah,  Ga.;  ap- 
pointed judge  of  the  city  court  of  Savannah  in  1896, 
and  served  twelve  years;  retired  to  his  country 
home  "Hancock  Hall,"  near  Savannah,  Ga. 

Nott,  Abraham,  a  Representative  from  South 
Carolina;  born  in  Saybrook,  Conn.,  in  1767;  was 
graduated  from  Yale  college  in  1787;  went  to 
Georgia  and  subsequently  to  Camden,  S.  C.,  in 
1789;  studied  law  and  in  1791  was  admitted  to  the 
bar;  held  several  local  offices;  elected  as  a  Federal- 
ist to  the  Sixth  Congress  (March  4,  1799-March  3, 
1801);  resumed  the  practice  of  law  in  Columbia  in 
1804;  president  of  the  court  of  appeals  in  1824;  died 
in  Fairfield,  S.  C.,  June  19,  1830. 


Nourse,  Amos,  a  Senator  from  Maine;  born  in 
Bolon,  Mass.,  December  17,  1794;  was  graduated 
from  Harvard  college  in  1812;  studied  medicine, 
and  practiced  in  Bath;  medical  lecturer  at  Bow- 
doin  college  1846-1854;  held  several  local  offices; 
appointed  to  the  United  States  Senate  to  fill 
vacancy  caused  by  the  resignation  of  Hannibal 
Hamlin  and  served  from  January  24,  1857,  to  March 
3, 1857;  judge  of  probate  of  Sagadahoc  county;  died 
in  Bath,  Me.,  April  17,  1877. 

Noyes,  John,  a  Representative  from  Vermont; 
born  in  Atkinson,  N.  H.,  April  2,  1764;  was  grad- 
uated from  Dartmouth  college  in  1795;  moved  to 
Brattleboro  and  engaged  in  mercantile  trade;  mem- 
ber of  the  general  assembly  in  1808-1810  and  1812; 
held  several  local  offices  in  Vermont;  elected  as  a 
Federalist  to  the  Fourteenth  Congress  (March  4, 
1815-March  3,  1817);  died  in  Putney,  Vt.,  October 
26,  1841. 

Noyes,  Joseph  Cobham,  a  Representative  from 
Maine;  born  in  Portland,  Me.,  September  22, 1798; 
received  a  limited  education;  merchant  in  East- 
port;  member  of  the  state  house  of  representatives 
in  1833;  elected  as  a  Whig  to  the  Twenty-fifth  and 
Twenty-sixth  Congresses  (March  4,  1837-March  3, 
1841) ;  moved  to  Portland  and  engaged  in  the  bank- 
ing business:  died  in  Portland,  Me.,  July  21,  1868. 

Nuckolls,  Stephen  Friel,  a  Delegate  from 
Wyoming;  born  in  Grayson  county,  Va.,  August 
16,  1825;  completed  preparatory  studies;  moved 
to  Missouri  in  1846  and  became  a  merchant;  moved 
to  Nebraska  territory  in  1854;  held  several  local 
offices;  served  in  the  Nebraska  legislature  in  1859; 
moved  to  Colorado  territory  in  1860  and  engaged  in 
mining;  moved  to  New  York  City  in  1864;  moved 
to  Dakota  territory  in  1867  and  located  in  Cheyenne 
and  in  1869,  upon  the  organization  of  Wyoming  ter- 
ritory, was  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Forty-first 
Congress  (March  4,  1869-March  3,  1871). 

Nuckolls,  William  Thompson,  a  Representa- 
tive from  South  Carolina;  born  near  Hancock ville, 
S.  C.,  February  23,  1801;  was  graduated  from  the 
South  Carolina  university  in  1820;  studied  law, 
was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1823,  and  began  practice 
in  Spartanburg,  S.  C.;  elected  to  the  Twentieth, 
Twenty-first,  and  Twenty-second  Congresses 
(March  4,  1827-March  3,  1833);  died  on  his  planta- 
tion near  Hancockville,  S.  C.,  September  27,  1855. 

Nugen,  Robert  Hunter,  a  Representative  from 
Ohio;  born  in  Washington  county,  Pa.,  July  16, 
1809;  moved  with  his  parents  to  Ohio  in  1811  and 
located  in  Columbiana  county;  in  1828  moved  to 
Tuscarawas  county;  received  a  limited  education; 
held  several  local  offices;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to 
the  Thirty-seventh  Congress  (March  4,  1861-March 
3,  1863). 

Nunn,  David  Alexander,  a  Representative 
from  Tennessee;  born  in  Haywood  county,  Tenn., 
July  26,  1835;  pursued  classical  studies;  studied 
law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  began  practice  in 
Brownsville;  presidential  elector  on  the  Bell  ticket 
in  1860  and  in  1864  on  the  Republican  ticket;  mem- 
ber of  the  state  house  of  representatives  1866-1867; 
elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Fortieth  Congress 
(March  4,  1867-March  3,  1869);  defeated  as  the 
Independent  Republican  candidate  for  the  Forty- 
first  Congress;  reelected  to  the  Forty-third  Con- 
gress (March  4, 1873-March  3, 1875);  again  defeated 
for  the  Forty-fourth  Congress. 


895 


Nute,  Alonzo,  a  Representative  from  New 
Hampshire;  born  in  Milton,  N.  H.,  February  12, 
1826;  attended  the  common  schools;  moved  to 
Natick,  Mass. ;  returned  to  New  Hampshire  in  1848 
and  engaged  in  the  manufacture  of  boots  and  shoes 
in  Farmington;  in  the  spring  of  1861  entered  the 
Union  army  in  the  sixth  New  Hampshire  volun- 
teers, and  served  until  incapacitated  for  duty  on  the 
staffs  of  Generals  Griffin  and  Rush  Hawkins;  mem- 
ber of  the  New  Hampshire  house  of  representatives 
in  1866;  elected  to  the  state  senate  for  1867-1868; 
delegate  to  the  national  Republican  convention  in 
Cincinnati  in  1876;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the 
Fifty-first  Congress  (March  4,  1889-March  3,  1891); 
died  in  Farmington,  N.  H.,  December  24,  1892. 

Nutting,  Newton  Wright,  a  Representative 
from  New  York;  born  in  West  Monroe,  Oswego 
county,  N.  Y.,  October  22,  1840;  pursued  an  aca- 
demic course;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the 
bar,  and  practiced  in  Oswego,  N.  Y. ;  member  of 
the  school  committee  of  Oswego  county  from 
January  1,  1864,  to  January  1,  1867;  district  attor- 
ney of  Oswego  county  from  January  1,  1869,  to  Jan- 
uary 1,  1872;  county  judge  of  Oswego  county  from 
January  1, 1878,  to  March  4, 1883,  when  he  resigned; 
elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Forty-eighth  Con- 
gress (March  4,  1883-March  3,  1885);  reelected  to 
the  Fiftieth  and  Fifty-first  Congresses  (March  4, 
1887-March  3,  1891);  died  in  Oswego,  N.  Y.,  Octo- 
ber 15,  1889. 

Nye,  Frank  Mellin,  a  Representative  from 
Minnesota;  born  in  Shirley,  Piscataquis  county, 
Me.,  March  7,  1852;  attended  the  common  schools; 
and  the  academy  in  River  Falls,  Wis. ;  studied  law 
and  was  admitted  to  the  bar;  district  attorney  of 
Polk  county,  Wis.;  member  of  the  Wisconsin  as- 
sembly 1884-1885;  moved  to  Minnesota;  county 
attorney  of  Hennepin  county  1893  to  1897;  elected 
as  a  Republican  to  the  Sixtieth  and  Sixty-first 
Congresses  (March  4, 1907-March3, 1911);  declined 
a  renomination ;  resumed  the  practice  of  law  in 
Minneapolis,  Minn. 

Nye,  James  Warren,  a  Senator  from  Nevada; 
born  in  Madison  county,  N.  Y.,  June  10,  1814; 
attended  the  common  schools;  studied  law,  was 
admitted  to  the  bar,  and  practiced;  held  several 
local  offices;  defeated  as  the  Antislavery  candidate 
for  the  Thirty-ninth  Congress;  moved  to  Syracuse, 
N.  Y.;  appointed  governor  of  Nevada  territory  in 
1861;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  United  States 
Senate;  reelected  and  served  from  February  1, 
1865,  to  March  3,  1873;  died  at  White  Plains,  N.  Y., 
December  25,  1876. 

Oakley,  Thomas  Jackson,  a  Representative 
from  New  York;  born  in  Dutchess  county,  N.  Y., 
in  1783;  was  graduated  from  Yale  college  in  1801; 
studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  began 
practice  in  Poughkeepsie,  N.  Y.;  surrogate  of 
Dutchess  county  1810-1811;  elected  as  a  Federalist 
to  the  Thirteenth  Congress  (March  4,  1813-March 
3,  1815);  member  of  the  state  assembly  1816,  1818- 
1820;  attorney  general  of  New  York  1819;  elected 
as  a  Clinton  Democrat  to  the  Twentieth  Congress 
and  served  from  March  4,  1827,  to  May  9,  1828, 
when  he  resigned  to  become  judge  of  the  superior 
court  of  the  state  of  New  York,  which  position  he 
held  until  1836;  chief  justice  of  the  supreme  court 
of  New  York  1846  and  served  until  his  death  in 
New  York  City,  May  11,  1857. 

Gates,  William  Calvin,  a  Representative  from 
Alabama;  born  in  Pike  (now  Bullock)  county,  Ala., 


November  30,  1835;  pursued  elementary  studies 
at  home;  studied  law  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar 
in  1858;  practiced  in  Abbeville  1859-1861;  entered 
the  Confederate  army  as  captain  of  company  G, 
fifteenth  Alabama  infantry,  in  July,  1861;  ap- 
pointed colonel  in  the  provisional  army  of  the  Con- 
federacy for  valor  and  skill  displayed  on  the  field, 
May  1,  1863,  and  assigned  to  the  command  of  his 
old  regiment;  the  forty-eighth  Alabama  regiment 
was  also  placed  under  his  command;  wounded  four 
times  slightly  and  twice  severely,  losing  his  right 
arm  in  front  of  Richmond;  resumed  the  practice  of 
law  in  Abbeville  in  1865;  delegate  to  the  national 
Democratic  convention  held  in  New  York  in  1868; 
member  of  the  state  house  of  representatives  1870- 
1872;  unsuccessful  candidate  for  the  nomination  for 
governor  in  1872;  member  of  the  constitutional 
convention  of  1875;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the 
Forty-seventh  and  to  the  six  succeeding  Congresses 
(March  4,  1881-March  3,  1895);  governor  of  Ala- 
bama in  1894;  brigadier-general  of  volunteers  in 
the  Spanish-American  war  and  stationed  at  Camp 
Meade,  Pa.;  resigned  and  resumed  the  practice  of 
law;  died  in  Montgomery,  Ala.,  September  9,  1910. 

O'Brien,  James,  a  Representative  from  New 
York;  born  in  Kings  county,  Ireland,  March  13, 
1841;  attended  the  common  schools;  alderman  of 
the  city  of  New  York  in  1864  and  1866;  sheriff  of  the 
city  and  county  of  New  York  in  1867;  state  senator 
in  1871;  ran  for  mayor  of  the  city  of  New  York  in 
1873,  but  was  unsuccessful;  elected  as  an  Anti- 
Tammany  Democrat  to  the  Forty-sixth  Congress 
(March  4,  1879-March  3,  1881);  died  in  New  York 
City,  March  5,  1907. 

O'Brien,  Jeremiah,  a  Representative  from 
Maine;  born  in  Machias,  Me.,  January  21,  1778; 
attended  the  public  schools;  elected  to  the  Eight- 
eenth, Nineteenth,  and  Twentieth  Congresses 
(March  4,  1823-March  3,  1829);  defeated  as  a  candi- 
date for  the  Twenty-first  Congress;  served  six  terms 
in  the  state  legislature;  died  in  Boston,  Mass., 
May  30,  1858. 

O'Brien,  William  J.,  a  Representative  from 
Maryland;  born  in  Baltimore,  Md.,  May  28,  1836; 
pursued  classical  studies  in  St.  Mary's  college, 
Baltimore;  studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar 
and  in  1858,  began  practice  in  Baltimore;  held 
several  local  offices;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the 
Forty- third  and  Forty-fourth  Congresses  (March  4, 
1873-March  3,  1877);  resumed  the  practice  of  law; 
elected  judge  of  the  orphan's  court  of  Baltimore  in 
1901;  died  in  Baltimore,  Md.,  November  13,  1905. 

Ochiltree,  Thomas  Peck,  a  Representative  from 
Texas;  born  in  Livingston,  Sumter  county,  Ala., 
October  26,  1839;  moved  with  parents  to  Texas  in 
infancy;  attended  public  schools;  volunteered  in 
1857  as  a  private  in  Capt.  John  G.  Walker's  com- 
pany of  Texan  rangers  in  the  compaign  against  the 
Apache  and  Comanche  Indians  in  1854-1855; 
editor  of  the  Jeffersonian  in  1860-1861;  a  delegate 
to  the  Charleston  and  Baltimore  conventions  of 
1860;  served  in  the  Confederate  army;  appointed 
United  States  marshal  of  Texas  by  President  Grant; 
editor  of  the  Houston  Daily  Telegraph  in  1866- 
1867;  appointed  commissioner  of  emigration  for 
Texas;  elected  as  an  Independent  to  the  Forty- 
eighth  Congress  (March  4,  1883-March  3,  1885); 
moved  to  New  York  city;  died  in  Hot  Springs,  Va., 
November  25,  1902. 

O'Connell,  Joseph  Francis,  a  Representative 
from  Massachusetts;  born  in  Boston,  December  7, 


896 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 


1872;  attended  the  Mather  school  of  Boston  and 
prepared  for  college  at  St.  Mary's  parochial  school; 
was  graduated  from  Boston  college  in  1893  and 
from  the  law  department  of  Harvard  university  in 
1896;  was  admitted  to  the  Suffolk  bar  in  1897  and 
engaged  in  the  practice  of  law;  elected  to  the  Six- 
tieth and  Sixty-first  Congresses  (March  4,  1907- 
March  3, 1911);  resumed  the  practice  of  law  in  Bos- 
ton, Mass. 

O'Connor,  Michael  Patrick,  a  Representative 
from  South  Carolina;  born  in  Beaufort,  S.  C.,  Sep- 
tember 29,  1831;  was  graduated  from  St.  John's 
college,  Fordham,  N.  Y. ;  studied  law,  was  admitted 
to  the  bar;  member  of  the  state  legislature  for 
seven  years,  from  1858  to  1865;  elected  as  a  Demo- 
crat to  the  Forty-sixth  and  Forty-seventh  Con- 
gresses (March  4,  1879-March  3,  1883};  died  in 
Charleston,  S.  C.,  April  26,  1881. 

Odell,  Benjamin  Barker,  jr.,  a  Representative 
from  New  York;  born  in  Newburgh,  N.  Y.,  January 
14,  1854;  attended  the  public  schools,  Newburgh 
academy,  Bethany  (W.  Va.)  college,  and  Columbia 
college,  New  York  City;  entered  upon  a  commercial 
career;  for  ten  years  represented  the  Seventeenth 
district  on  the  Republican  state  committee  and 
chairman  of  the  executive  committee ;  elected  as  a 
Republican  to  the  Fifty-fourth  and  Fifty-fifth  Con- 
gresses (March  4,  1895-March  3,  1899);  elected  gov- 
ernor of  the  State  of  New  York,  November,  1900, 
and  reelected  in  1902;  president  of  the  chamber 
of  commerce  of  Newburgh,  N.  Y. 

Odell,  Moses  Fowler,  a  Representative  from 
New  York;  born  in  Tarrytown,  N.  Y.,  February  24, 
1818;  completed  preparatory  studies;  several  years 
entry  clerk  in  the  New  York  custom-house  and 
after  securing  several  promotions  became  public 
appraiser;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Thirty- 
seventh  and  Thirty-eighth  Congresses  (March  4, 
1861-March  3,  1865);  appointed  navy  agent  at 
the  city  of  New  York  in  1865;  and  served  until  his 
death  in  Brooklyn,  N.  Y.,  June  13,  1866. 

Odell,  Nathaniel  Holmes,  a  Representative 
from  New  York;  born  near  Tarrytown,  N.  Y., 
October  10,  1828;  completed  preparatory  studies; 
engaged  in  boating  on  the  North  river;  served 
several  years  in  the  state  assembly ;  engaged  in  the 
banking  business  in  Tarrytown;  elected  three 
times  county  treasurer  of  Westchester  county; 
elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Forty-fourth  Congress 
(March  4, 1875-March  3, 1877);  postmaster  of  Tarry- 
town  1887-1892,  and  1894-1898;  died  in  Tarrytown, 
N.  Y.,  October  30,  1904. 

p'Donnell,  James,  a  Representative  from 
Michigan;  born  in  Norwalk,  Conn.,  March  25, 
1840;  moved  with  his  parents  to  Michigan  in  1848; 
pursued  preparatory  studies  and  learned  the 
printer's  trade;  enlisted  as  a  private  in  the  first 
Michigan  infantry,  and  served  two  years;  partici- 
pated in  the  first  battle  of  Bull  Run;  elected 
recorder  of  the  city  of  Jackson  for  four  terms, 
1863-1866;  established  the  Jackson  Daily  Citizen 
in  1865;  Republican  presidential  elector  in  1872; 
mayor  of  Jackson  in  1876  and  1877;  appointed  in 
1878  as  aid-de-camp  on  the  staff  of  Governor  Cross- 
well,  with  the  rank  of  colonel;  elected  as  a  Repub- 
lican to  the  Forty-ninth,  Fiftieth,  Fifty-first,  and 
Fifty-second  Congresses  (March  4,  1885-March  3, 
1893);  returned  to  Jackson,  Mich.,  and  devoted  his 
time  to  the  publication  of  the  Jackson  Daily  Citi- 
zen; disposed  of  his  paper  and  retired  in  1910. 


O'Ferrall,  Charles  Triplett,  a  Representative 
from  Virginia;  born  in  Brucetown,  Frederick 
county,  Va.,  October  21,  1840;  appointed  clerk  pro 
tempore  of  the  circuit  court  of  Morgan  county,  Va., 
in  1855;  elected  clerk  in  1857;  in  May,  1861,  en- 
listed in  the  Confederate  cavalry  as  a  private; 
passed  through  all  the  grades  from  sergeant  to 
colonel,  and  at  the  surrender  of  Lee  was  in  com- 
mand of  all  the  Confederate  cavalry  in  the  Shenan- 
doah  valley;  studied  law  in  Washington  college, 
Lexington,  Va.;  was  graduated  in  1869  and  located 
in  Harrisonburg;  member  of  the  general  assembly 
of  Virginia  1871-1873;  judge  of  the  county  court  of 
Rockingham  county  1874-1880;  Democratic  state 
canvasser  1880-1883;  Democratic  nominee  for 
Congress  in  1882,  and  was  seated  May  5,  1884,  after 
contesting  the  claims  of  John  Paul;  was  reelected 
to  the  Forty-ninth,  Fiftieth,  Fifty-first,  Fifty- 
second,  and  Fifty-third  Congresses,  and  served 
from  May  5,  1884,  to  March  3,  1895;  governor  of  the 
state  of  Virginia  January  1,  1894,  to  January  1, 
1898;  died  in  Richmond,  Va.,  September  22,  1905. 

Ogden,  Aaron,  a  Senator  from  New  Jersey; 
born  in  Elizabeth  town,  N.  J.,  December  3,  1756; 
was  graduated  from  Nassau  Hall  (Princeton)  in 
1773;  served  in  the  Revolutionary  army;  studied 
law  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar;  presidential 
elector  in  1800;  elected  to  the  United  States 
Senate,  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  the  resignation  of 
James  Schureman,  and  served  from  February  26, 
1801,  to  March  3,  1803;  governor  of  New  Jersey  in 
1812;  died  in  Jersey  City,  N.  J.,  April  19, 1839. 

Ogden,  David  A.,  a  Representative  from  New 
York;  born  in  Morristown,  N.  J.,  January  10,  1770; 
received  a  limited  schooling;  studied  law,  was 
admitted  to  the  bar  and  began  practice  in  Madrid, 
N.  Y. ;  member  of  the  state  house  of  representatives 
1814-1815;  elected  to  the  Fifteenth  Congress 
(March  4,  1817-March  3,  1819);  died  in  Montreal, 
Canada,  June  9,  1829. 

Ogden,  Henry  Warren,  a  Representative  from 
Louisiana;  born  in  Abingdon,  Va.,  October  21, 
1842;  moved  with  parents  to  Warrensburg,  Mo.,  in 
1851;  attended  the  common  schools;  entered  the 
Confederate  service  and  served  through  the  war; 
first  lieutenant  of  company  D,  sixteenth  Missouri 
infantry,  and  afterwards  on  the  staff  of  Brigadier- 
General  Lewis,  second  brigade,  Parsons's  division 
of  Missouri  infantry;  paroled  at  Shreveport  on  the 
8th  of  June,  1865;  remained  in  Louisiana  and 
engaged  in  agricultural  pursuits;  member  of  the 
constitutional  convention  in  1879  and  of  the  house 
of  representatives  1880;  reelected  in  1884,  and  was 
speaker  of  the  house  from  1884  to  1888 ;  elected  as  a 
Democrat  to  the  Fifty-third  Congress  to  fill  the 
vacancy  caused  by  the  resignation  of  Newton  C. 
Blanchard ;  reelected  to  the  Fifty-fourth  and  Fifty- 
fifth  Congresses,  and  served  from  May  12,  1894,  to 
March  3,  1899;  died  in  Benton,  La.,  July  23,  1905. 

Ogle,  Alexander,  a  Representative  from 
Pennsylvania;  born  in  Frederick,  Md.,  August  10, 
1765;  completed  preparatory  studies;  moved  to 
Somerset,  Pa.;  member  of  the  state  legislature 
1806-1812;  elected  to  the  Fifteenth  Congress 
(March  4,  1817-March  3,  1819);  died  in  Somerset, 
Pa.,  October  14,  1852. 

Ogle,  Andrew  Jackson,  a  Representative 
from  Pennsylvania;  born  in  Somerset,  Pa.,  March 
25,  1822;  completed  preparatory  studies;  elected 
prothonotary  of  Somerset  county  in  1843;  elected 
as  a  Whig  to  the  Thirty-first  Congress  (March  4, 


BIOGEAPHIES. 


897 


1849-March  3,  1851);  defeated  for  reelection  to  the 
Thirty-second  Congress;  appointed  charge"  d'af- 
faires to  Denmark  January  22,  1852,  but  died  a  few 
days  later  in  Somerset,  Pa.,  Oct.  14,  1852. 

Ogle,  Charles,  a  Representative  from  Pennsyl- 
vania; born  in  Somerset,  Pa.,  in  1798;  completed 
preparatory  studies;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to 
the  bar  and  began  practice  in  Somerset;  elected  as 
a  Whig  to  the  Twenty-fifth  and  Twenty-sixth  Con- 
gresses (March  4,  1837-March  3,  1843);  reflected  to 
the  Twenty-seventh  Congress,  but  died  in  Somer- 
set, Pa.,  May  10,  1841,  before  the  assembling  of  the 


Oglesby,  Richard  James,  a  Senator  from  Illi- 
nois; born  in  Floydsburg,  Oldham  county,  Ky., 
July  25,  1824;  moved  with  his  parents  in  1836  to 
Decatur,  111.;  received  a  limited  schooling;  studied 
law  and  in  1845  was  admitted  to  practice;  served 
in  the  Mexican  war;  spent  two  years  mining  in 
California;  returned  to  Illinois;  elected  a  state 
senator  in  1860  and  served  one  session,  when  he 
resigned  to  enter  the  Union  army;  colonel  of  eighth 
Illinois  infantry  April  25,  1861;  brigadier-general 
of  volunteers  March  21,  1862;  major  general  No- 
vember 29,  1862;  resigned  May  26,  1884;  governor 
of  Illinois  1864-1869;  again  elected  in  1872,  but 
resigned  January  13,  1873,  having  been  elected  to 
the  United  States  Senate;  served  in  the  Senate 
from  March  4,  1873,  to  March  3,  1879;  died  in  Elk- 
hart,  111.,  April  24,  1899. 

O'Grady,  James  M.  E.,  a  Representative  from 
New  York;  born  in  Rochester,  N.Y.,  MarchSl,  1863; 
attended  the  Rochester  schools ;  was  graduated  from 
the  University  of  Rochester  in  1885;  admitted  to 
the  bar  in  the  fall  of  1885;  school  commissioner 
of  the  city  of  Rochester  1887-1892;  member  of  the 
state  assembly  1893-1898,  and  speaker  of  the 
assembly  1897-1898;  elected  as  a  Republican  to 
the  Fifty-sixth  Congress  (March  4,  1899-March  3, 
1901). 

O'Hara,  James  E.,  a  Representative  from 
North  Carolina;  born  in  New  York  City  February 
26, 1844;  pursued  an  academic  course;  studied  law 
in  North  Carolina  and  at  Howard  university;  ad- 
mitted to  the  bar  in  June,  1871;  engrossing  clerk  in 
the  constitutional  convention  of  North  Carolina  in 
1868;  also  in  the  legislature  of  1868-1869;  member 
of  the  state  constitutional  convention  of  1875; 
chairman  of  the  board  of  commissioners  for  the 
county  of  Halifax  1872-1876;  claimed  to  have  been 
elected  to  the  Forty-sixth  Congress,  but  the  cer- 
tificate of  election  was  given  to  William  H. 
Kitchin;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Forty- 
eighth  and  Forty-ninth  Congresses  (March  4, 1883- 
March  3,  1887);  died  in  Newbern,  N.  C.,  Sep- 
tember 16,  1905. 

Ohliger,  Lewis  P.,  a  Representative  from 
Ohio;  born  in  Rheinpfalz,  Bavaria,  January  3, 
1843;  emigrated  to  America  in  October,  1854,  and 
located  in  Canton,  Ohio,  in  1857;  moved  to  Wooster, 
Ohio,  and  engaged  in  the  wholesale  drug  and 
grocery  business;  elected  county  treasurer  in  1875 
and  1877;  Democratic  presidential  elector  in  1884; 
appointed  postmaster  of  Wooster  in  November, 
1885,  and  served  until  February,  1890;  appointed 
a  trustee  of  the  Wooster  and  Lodi  railway;  delegate 
to  the  Democratic  national  convention  of  1892; 
elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Fifty-second  Con- 
gress, to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  the  death  of  John  G. 
Warwick,  and  served  from  December  5,  1892,  to 
March  3,  1893;  internal-revenue  collector  of  the 
Cleveland,  Ohio,  district  1893-1898. 

50346°— S.  Doc.  654,  61-2 57 


Olcott,  Jacob  Van  Vechten,  a  Representative 
from  New  York;  born  in  New  York  City  May  17, 
1856;  attended  the  public  schools,  the  College  of 
the  City  of  New  York,  and  Columbia  college  law 
school,  and  was  graduated  from  the  latter  in  May, 
1877;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  May  17,  1877,  and 
commenced  practice  in  New  York  City;  member 
of  the  board  of  civil-service  commissioners  of  New 
York  City  1895,  1896,  and  1897;  elected  as  a  Re- 
publican to  the  Fifty-ninth,  Sixtieth,  and  Sixty- 
first  Congresses  (March  4, 1905-March  3,  1911);  re- 
sumed the  practice  of  law  in  New  York  City. 

Olcott,  Simeon,  a  Senator  from  New  Hamp- 
shire; born  in  Bolton,  Conn.,  October  1,  1735;  was 
graduated  from  Yale  college  in  1761;  studied  law, 
and  began  practice  in  Charlestown,  N.  H.;  ap- 
pointed chief  justice  of  the  court  of  common  pleas 
in  1784;  judge  of  the  superior  court  in  1790,  and  in 
1795  chief  judge  of  the  court;  elected  as  a  Feder- 
alist to  the  United  States  Senate  to  fill  vacancy 
caused  by  the  resignation  of  Samuel  Livermore  and 
served  from  June  17, 1801,  to  March  3, 1805;  died  in 
Charlestown,  N.  H.,  February  22, 1815. 

Oldneld,  William  Allan,  a  Representative  from 
Arkansas;  born  in  Franklin,  Izard  county,  Ark., 
February  4,  1874;  attended  the  common  schools  of 
the  county  and  was  graduated  from  Arkansas  col- 
lege, Batesville,  in  1896;  studied  law;  was  admitted 
to  the  bar;  elected  prosecuting  attorney  in  Septem- 
ber, 1902,  and  reelected  in  1904;  enlisted  as  a  pri- 
vate in  Company  M,  second  regiment  Arkansas 
infantry,  war  with  Spain;  was  promoted  to  first 
sergeant  of  the  same  company,  and  later  to  first 
lieutenant,  and  was  mustered  put  with  that  rank  in 
March,  1899;  elected  to  the  Sixty-first  and  Sixty- 
second  Congresses  (March  4,  1909-March  3,  1913). 

Olds,  Edson  Baldwin,  a  Representative  from 
Ohio;  native  of  Vermont;  completed  preparatory 
studies,  was  graduated  from  the  medical  de- 
partment of  the  university  of  Pennsylvania  in 
1829,  and  practiced  medicine  in  Circleville,  Ohio; 
served  several  years  as  a  member  of  the  state  house 
of  representatives;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the 
Thirty-first,  Thirty-second,  and  Thirty-third  Con- 
gresses (March  4,  1849-March  3,  1855);  defeated  for 
reelection  to  the  Thirty-fourth  Congress;  arrested 
for  disloyalty  and  imprisoned  in  Fort  Lafayette  in 
1862;  while  in  prison  was  elected  a  member  of  the 
Ohio  state  house  of  representatives,  was  released 
from  prison  and  served;  member  and  presiding 
officer  of  the  Ohio  state  senate;  died  in  Lancaster, 
Ohio,  January  24,  1869. 

Olin,  Abram  Baldwin,  a  Representative  from 
New  York;  born  in  Shaftsbury,  Vt.,  September  1, 
1812;  was  graduated  from  Williams  college,  Massa- 
chusetts, in  1835;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the 
bar  and  in  1838  began  practice  in  Troy,  N.  Y.; 
held  several  local  offices;  elected  as  a  Republican 
to  the  Thirty-fifth,  Thirty-sixth,  and  Thirty- 
seventh  Congresses  (March  4,  1857-March  3,  1863); 
judge  of  the  supreme  court  of  the  District  of  Colum- 
bia 1863-1878;  died  in  Washington,  D.  C.,  July  7, 
1879. 

Olin,  Gideon,  a  Representative  from  Vermont; 
born  in  East  Greenwich,  R.  I.,  October  22,  1743; 
moved  to  Vermont;  received  a  limited  schooling; 
studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  practiced ; 
for  several  terms  a  member  of  the  state  house  of 
representatives  and  served  one  term  as  speaker; 
judge  of  the  Bennington  county  court;  elected  to 
the  Eighth  and  Ninth  Congresses  (March  4,  1803- 


898 


CONGRESSIONAL   DIRECTOKY. 


March  3,  1807);  died  in  Shaftsbury,  Vt.,  August  6, 
1822. 

Olin,  Henry,  a  Representative  from  Vermont; 
born  in  Shaftsbury,  Vt.,  May  6,  1768;  attended 
common  schools;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to 
the  bar  and  practiced;  moved  to  Leicester,  Vt., 
in  1788;  member  of  the  state  house  of  repre- 
sentatives for  several  terms,  1799-1825;  delegate 
to  the  state  constitutional  conventions  of  1814, 
1822,  and  1828;  associate  judge  of  the  Addison 
county  court  1801-1806  and  1810-1824;  elected  to 
the  Eighteenth  Congress,  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by 
the  death  of  Charles  Rich,  and  served  from  Decem- 
ber 13,  1824,  to  March  3,  1825;  died  in  Salisbury, 
Vt.,  August  16,  1837. 

Oliver,  Addison  Samuel,  a  Representative 
from  Iowa;  born  in  Washington  county,  Pa.,  May 
4,  1833;  was  graduated  from  Washington  college  in 
1850;  moved  to  Arkansas,  where  he  taught  school; 
returned  to  Pennsylvania,  studied  law,  was  ad- 
mitted to  the  bar,  and  began  practice  in  1857  in 
western  Iowa;  member  of  the  Iowa  state  house  of 
representatives  in  1863  and  the  state  senate  in  1865; 
elected  judge  of  the  fourth  judicial  circuit  in  1868 
and  twice  reelected;  elected  as  a  Republican  to 
the  Forty-fourth  and  Forty-fifth  Congresses  (March 
4,  1875-March  3,  1879);  became  a  resident  of  Ona- 
wa,  Iowa,  with  winter  residence  in  Loma  Linda, 
Cal. ;  died  in  Onawa,  Iowa,  July  7,  1912. 

Oliver,  Andrew,  a  Representative  from  New 
York;  born  in  Springfield,  N.  Y.;  January  16,  1815; 
was  graduated  from  Union  college  in  1835;  studied 
law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar  and  in  1838  began 
practice  in  Penn  Yan,  N.  Y.;  judge  of  the  court 
of  common  pleas  1843-1847;  elected  judge  of  the 
surrogate  and  county  courts  in  1846;  elected  as  a 
Democrat  to  the  Thirty-third  and  Thirty-fourth 
Congresses  (March  4,  1853-March  3,  1857);  de- 
feated as  the  American  candidate  for  reelection  to 
the  Thirty-fifth  Congress;  county  judge  and  surro- 
gate 1872-1877;  died  in  Penn  Yan,  N.  Y.,  March 
6,  1889. 

Oliver,  George  Tenner,  a  Senator  from  Penn- 
sylvania; born  in  Ireland,  during  a  visit  of  his 
parents  abroad,  January  26,  1848;  was  graduated 
from  Bethany  college,  West  Virginia,  in  1868; 
studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar  of  Allegheny 
county,  Pennsylvania,  in  1871,  and  practiced  for 
over  ten  years  in  Pittsburgh,  Pa.;  retired  from 
practice  in  1881  and  engaged  in  steel  manufactur- 
ing until  1891,  when  he  disposed  of  his  manufactur- 
ing interests;  engaged  in  newspaper  publication  in 
1900;  published  the  Pittsburgh  Gazette-Times  and 
Pittsburgh  Chronical-Telegraph;  president  of  the 
Pittsburgh  central  board  of  education  1881-1884; 
presidential  elector  in  1884;  delegate  to  the  Repub- 
lican national  convention  of  1904;  declined  the 
appointment  to  the  United  States  Senate  in  1904 
to  succeed  Matthew  Stanley  Quay,  deceased;  was 
elected  United  States  Senator,  March  17,  1909,  to 
fill  vacancy  caused  by  the  resignation  of  Philander 
C.  Knox;  was  reelected  for  the  full  term  of  six 
years,  beginning  March  4,  1911. 

Oliver,  Mordecai,  a  Representative  from  Mis- 
souri; born  in  Anderson  county,  Ky.,  October  22, 
1819;  attended  the  common  schools;  studied  law, 
was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  in  1842  began  practice 
in  Richmond,  Mo.;  circuit  attorney  for  the  fifth 
judicial  circuit  in  1848;  elected  as  a  Whig  to  the 
Thirty-third  and  Thirty-fourth  Congresses  (March 
4,  1853-March  3,  1857). 


Oliver,  William  M.,  a  Representative  from  New 
York;  native  of  Springfield,  N.  Y.;  received  a 
limited  schooling;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to 
the  bar  and  began  practice  in  Penn  Yan ;  appointed 
first  judge  of  the  court  of  common  pleas  tor  Yates 
county  in  1823,  and  reappointed  in  1838;  state 
senator  and  lieutenant  governor  in  1830;  elected  as 
a  Democrat  to  the  Twenty-seventh  Congress 
(March  4,  1841-March  3,  1843). 

Olmsted,  Marlin  Edgar,  a  Representative 
from  Pennsylvania;  born  in  Ulysses  township, 
Potter  county,  Pa.;  attended  the  common  schools 
and  Coudersport  academy;  assistant  corporation 
clerk  and  promoted  to  corporation  clerk  in  charge 
of  collection  of  taxes  from  corporations  under  Penn- 
sylvania's revenue  system;  studied  law  in  Harris- 
burg  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar  of  Dauphin 
county  November  25,  1878;  elected  to  represent 
Dauphin  county  in  the  proposed  constitutional 
convention  in  1891;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the 
Fifty-fifth,  and  to  the  six  succeeding  Congresses 
(March  4,  1897-March  3,  1911).  Reelected  to  the 
Sixty-second  Congress. 

O'Neall,  John  Henry,  a  Representative  from 
Indiana;  born  in  Newberry,  S.  C.,  October  30, 
1837;  attended  country  schools,  and  was  graduated 
from  the  Indiana  state  university  in  1862;  read 
law  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar;  was  graduated 
from  the  law  department  of  Michigan  university 
in  1864;  located  in  Washington,  Ind.,  the  same 
year;  represented  Daviess  county  in  the  state 
legislature  in  1866;  appointed  prosecuting  attorney 
for  the  eleventh  judicial  circuit  in  1873;  elected  to 
the  office  in  1874,  but  resigned  before  his  term  was 
completed;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Fiftieth 
and  Fifty-first  Congresses  (March  4,  1887-March  3, 
1891);  resumed  the  practice  of  law  in  Washington, 
Ind.;  died  there  July  15,  1907. 

O'Neil,  Joseph  Henry,  a  Representative  from 
Massachusetts;  born  in  Fall  River,  Mass.,  March 
23,  1853;  one  year  later  his  parents  moved  to 
Boston;  attended  the  common  schools;  member  of 
the  Boston  school  committee,  1874-1878;  member 
of  the  Massachusetts  house  of  representatives  1878- 
1882  and  1883-1884;  member  of  the  board  of  direc- 
tors for  public  institutions  for  five  years,  was  chair- 
man of  the  board  the  last  eighteen  months;. city 
clerk  of  Boston,  1887-1888;  elected  as  a  Democrat 
to  the  Fifty-first,  Fifty-second,  and  Fifty-third 
Congresses  (March  4,  1889-March  3,  1895);  ap- 
pointed assistant  treasurer  of  the  United  States  at 
Boston  by  President  Cleveland;  president  of  the 
Federal  Trust  company  of  Boston. 

O'Neill,  Charles,  a  Representative  from  Penn- 
sylvania; born  in  Philadelphia,  Pa.,  March  21, 
1821;  was  graduated  from  Dickinson  college; 
studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar  and  practiced ; 
member  of  the  state  house  of  representatives  1850- 
1852  and  1860;  of  the  state  senate  in  1853;  elected 
as  a  Republican  to  the  Thirty-eighth,  Thirty- 
ninth,  Fortieth,  and  Forty -first  Congresses  (March  4, 
1863-March  3,  1871);  and  reelected  to  the  Forty- 
third  and  to  the  ten  succeeding  Congresses,  and 
served  from  March  4,  1873,  until  his  death  in 
Philadelphia,  Pa.,  November  25,  1893. 

O'Neill,  John,  a  Representative  from  Ohio; 
born  in  Philadelphia,  Pa,,  December  17,  1821;  was 
graduated  from  St.  John's  college,  Maryland, 
studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar  and  in  1842 
began  practice ;  moved  to  Muskingum  county,  Ohio, 
in  1844;  elected  prosecuting  attorney  of  Muskin- 


BIOGKAPHIES. 


899 


gum  county  in  1845;  held  various  county  offices; 
elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Thirty-eighth  Con- 
gress (March  4,  1863-March  3,  1865);  died  in 
Zanesville,  Ohio,  May  25,  1905. 

O'Neill,  John  Joseph,  a  Representative  from 
Missouri;  born  in  St.  Louis,  Mo.,  June  25,  1846,  of 
Irish  parents;  attended  the  commons  chools;  en- 
gaged in  manufacturing;  elected  to  the  state  legis- 
lature from  St.  Louis  in  1872,  and  reelected  in 
1874  and  1876;  elected  to  the  municipal  assembly 
in  1879  and  1881;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the 
Forty-eighth,  Forty-ninth,  Fiftieth,  and  Fifty- 
second  Congresses  (March  4,  1883-March  3,  1889, 
and  March  4,  1891-March  3,  1893);  contested  the 
election  of  Charles  F.  Joy  in  the  Fifty- third  Con- 
gress, and  was  seated  April  3,  1894;  resumed  the 
practice  of  law;  died  in  St.  Louis,  Mo.,  February 
19,  1898. 

O'Reilly,  Daniel,  a  Representative  from  New 
York;  born  in  Limerick,  Ireland,  June  3,  1838; 
pursued  an  academic  course;  came  to  the  United 
States  with  his  parents  in  July,  1856,  and  settled  in 
Brooklyn,  N.  Y. ;  member  of  the  Brooklyn  board  of 
aldermen  1873-1875  and  1878-1879;  elected  as  an 
Independent  Democrat  to  the  Forty-sixth  Con- 
gress (March  4,  1879-March  3,  1881);  died  in  Bay- 
ville,  L.  I.,  September  23,  1911.  , 

Ormsby,  Stephen,  a  Representative  from  Ken- 
tucky; born  in  Ireland  in  1759;  came  to  Philadel- 
phia when  a  boy;  pursued  classical  studies; 
studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  and  began 
practice  in  Danville,  Ky.;  judge  of  the  cir- 
cuit court;  elected  to  the  Twelfth  Congress  (March 
4,  1811-March  3,  1813);  defeated  for  reelection  to 
the  Thirteenth  Congress  by  John  Simpson,  who 
was  soon  afterwards  killed;  elected  to  the  Thir- 
teenth Congress,  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  the 
death  of  John  Simpson;  reelected  to  the  Fourteenth 
Congress,  and  served  from  May  24, 1813,  to  March  3, 
1817;  died  in  Jefferson  county,  Ky.,  in  the  spring 
of  1844. 

Orr,  Alexander  Dalrymple,  a  Representative 
from  Kentucky;  born  in  Loudoun  county,  Va.,  in 
1765;  moved  to  Mason  county,  Ky.;  received  a 
limited  schooling;  served  as  a  member  of  the  state 
house  of  representatives  in  1792;  elected  to  the 
Second,  Third,  and  Fourth  Congresses  (March  4, 
1791-March  3,  1797);  died  in  Paris,  Ky.,  June  21, 
1835. 

Orr,  Benjamin,  a  Representative  from  Massa- 
chusetts; born  in  Bedford,  N.  H.,  December  1, 
1772;  was  graduated  from  Dartmouth  college  in 
1798;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  in 
1801  began  practice  in  Topsham,  Me.;  moved  to 
Brunswick;  elected  to  the  Fifteenth  Congress 
(March  4,  1817-March  3,  1819);  died  in  Bruns- 
wick, Me.,  September  5,  1828. 

Orr,  Jackson,  a  Representative  from  Iowa; 
born  in  Washington  Courthouse,  Ohio,  September 
21,  1832;  completed  preparatory  studies;  moved  to 
Iowa  and  served  as  captain  in  the  tenth  Iowa 
infantry  in  the  Union  army,  August  15,  1861,  to 
August  8,  1863;  member  of  the  state  legislature  in 
1868;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Forty-second 
and  Forty-third  Congresses  (March  4,  1871-March 
3,  1875);  moved  to  Denver,  Colo.,  and  practiced 
law. 

Orr,  James  Lawrence,  a  Representative  from 
South  Carolina;  born  in  Claytpnville,  S.  C.,  May  12, 
1822;  pursued  classical  studies;  studied  law,  was 


admitted  to  the  bar,  and  in  1843  began  practice  in 
Anderson,  S.  C.;  engaged  in  newspaper  work; 
member  of  the  state  house  of  representatives  in 
1844;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Thirty-first, 
Thirty -second,  Thirty-third,  Thirty-fourth,  and 
Thirty-fifth  Congresses  (March  4,  1849-March  3, 
1859);  was  speaker  of  the  House  of  Representatives 
in  the  Thirty-fifth  Congress;  served  in  the  Con- 
federate congress;  elected  governor  of  South  Caro- 
lina as  a  Republican;  United  States  circuit  judge; 
delegate  to  the  Republican  national  convention 
in  Philadelphia  in  1864;  minister  to  Russia;  died 
in  St.  Petersburg,  Russia,  May  6,  1873. 

Orr,  Robert,  a  Representative  from  Pennsyl- 
vania; born  in  Westmoreland  county,  Pa.,  in  1785: 
attended  the  public  schools;  served  in  the  war  or 
1812;  served  two  terms  as  a  member  of  the  state 
house  of  representatives;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to 
the  Nineteenth  and  Twentieth  Congresses  (March 
4,  1825-March  3,  1829);  died  in  Kittanning,  Pa., 
May  29,  1876.  A 

Orth,  Godlove  Steiner,  a  Representative  from 
Indiana;  born  in  Lebanon,  Pa.,  April  22,  1817;  at- 
tended the  Gettysburg  college,  Pennsylvania; 
studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  com- 
menced practice  in  Indiana;  member  of  the  state 
senate  in  1843-1848,  and  served  one  year  as  presi- 
dent; presidential  elector  in  1848;  member  of  the 
peace  conference  in  1861;  served  as  captain  of  a 
company  of  volunteers  during  the  Civil  war; 
elected  to  the  Thirty-eighth,  Thirty-ninth,  For- 
tieth, Forty-first  Congresses  (March  4,  1863-March 

3,  1871),  and  reelected  to  the  Forty-third  Con- 
gress (March  4,   1873-March  3,   1875);  appointed 
minister  to  Vienna;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the 
Forty-sixth  and  Forty-seventh  Congresses  (March 

4,  1879-March  3,  1883);  died  in  Lafayette,  Ind., 
December  16,  1882. 

Osborne.  Thomas  Ward,  a  Senator  from 
Florida;  born  in  Scotch  Plains,  N.  J.,  March  9, 
1836;  moved  with  his  parents  to  New  York  in  1842, 
and  located  in  Wilna;  pursued  classical  studies; 
studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  prac- 
ticed; entered  the  Union  army  as  captain  in  1861; 
served  until  the  close  of  the  war;  attained  the  rank 
of  colonel;  located  in  Florida,  and  resumed  the 
practice  of  law;  held  several  local  offices;  moved 
to  Pensacola;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the 
United  States  Senate  and  served  from  June  18, 
1868,  to  March  3,  1873;  died  in  New  York  City 
December  18,  1898. 

Osborne,  Edwin  Sylvanus,  a  Representative 
from  Pennsylvania;  born  in  Bethany,  Pa.,  August 
7,  1839;  attended  the  University  of  Northern 
Pennsylvania  and  the  New  York  State  and  Na- 
tional law  school ;  was  graduated  in  1860;  practiced 
law  in  Wilkes-Barre,  Pa.;  served  in  the  Union 
army  during  the  war;  held  the  rank  of  major- 
general,  and  was  commander  of  the  Department  of 
Pennsylvania,  Grand  Army  of  the  Republic,  in 
1883;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Forty-ninth, 
Fiftieth,  and  Fifty-first  Congresses  (March  4,  1885- 
March  3,  1891);  died  in  Washington,  D.  C.,  Jan- 
uary 1,  1900;  interment  in  the  Arlington  national 
cemetery. 

Osborne,  John  Eugene,  a  Representative 
from  Wyoming;  born  in  Westport,  Essex  county, 
N.  Y.,  June  9,  1858;  was  graduated  from  the  high 
school  of  Westport;  studied  medicine,  and  was 
graduated  from  the  University  of  Vermont  in  the 
class  of  1880;  moved  to  Rawlins,  Wyo.,  and  engaged 


900 


CONGRESSIONAL   DIRECTORY. 


in  the  practice  of  medicine;  later  engaged  in 
raising  live  stock  upon  the  open  range;  elected  in 
1883  to  the  Wyoming  territorial  legislature;  chair- 
man of  the  territorial  penitentiary  building  com- 
mission in  1888;  mayor  of  the  city  of  Rawlins  the 
eame  year;  an  alternate  in  the  Democratic  national 
convention  of  1892;  governor  of  Wyoming  in  1893; 
renominated  but  declined;  member  of  the  bimetal- 
lic Democratic  national  committee  for  the  State  of 
Wyoming  in  1895;  chairman  of  the  Wyoming  dele- 
gation in  the  national  convention  in  Chicago  in 
1896;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Fifty -fifth  Con- 

fress  (March  4,  ISS^March  3,  1891);  engaged  in 
anking  and  stock  raising,  Rawlins,  Wyo. 

Osborne,  Thomas  Burr,  a  Representative  from 
Connecticut;  born  in  Fairfield,  Conn.,  July  8, 
1798;  was  graduated  from  Yale  college  in  1817; 
studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  began 
practice  in  Fairfield,  Conn.;  held  several  local 
offices;  elected  as  a  Whig  to  the  Twenty-sixth  and 
Twenty-seventh  Congresses  (March  4,  1839-March 
3,  1843);  moved  to  New  Haven,  Conn.,  in  1848, 
and  was  a  professor  in  the  Yale  law  school;  died  in 
New  Haven,  Conn.,  September  2,  1869. 

Osgood,  Gayton  Pickman,  a  Representative 
from  Massachusetts;  born  in  Salem,  Mass.,  July  4, 
1797;  was  graduated  from  Harvard  college  in  1815; 
studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  began 
practice  in  Salem;  moved  to  North  Andover  in 
1819;  member  of  the  state  house  of  representatives 
1829-1831;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Twenty- 
third  Congress  (March  4,  1833-March  3,  1835);  died 
in  Andover,  Mass.,  June  26,  1861. 


Osgood,  Samuel,  a  Delegate  from 
chusetts;  born  in  Andover,  Mass.,  February  3, 
1748;  was  graduated  from  Harvard  college  in  1770; 
studied  theology;  served  several  years  as  a  member 
of  the  state  house  of  representatives;  member  of 
the  Provincial  congress;  entered  the  Revolution- 
ary army  as  captain  and  left  the  service  as  colonel 
and  assistant  quartermaster;  Delegate  from  Massa- 
chusetts in  the  Continental  Congress  1780-1784; 
first  commissioner  of  the  United  States  Treasury 
1785-1789;  Postmaster-General  1789-1791;  moved 
to  New  York  City;  member  of  the  state  house  of 
representatives  1800-1802;  supervisor  of  New  York 
1801-1803;  naval  officer  at  the  port  of  New  York, 
where  he  died  August  12,  1813. 

Osmer,  John  H.,  a  Representative  from  Penn- 
sylvania; born  in  England,  January  22,  1833; 
emigrated  to  America  with  his  parents  when  a 
email  boy  and  located  in  Harrisburg,  Pa. ;  moved 
to  Center  county,  Pa.,  a  few  years  later;  received  a 
limited  schooling;  pursued  an  academic  course; 
began  the  study  of  law  in  1856  and  in  1858  was  ad- 
mitted to  the  bar  and  began  practicing  in  Elmira 
N.  Y.;  moved  to  Franklin  county,  Pa.,  in  1865; 
elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Forty-sixth  Con- 
gress (March  4,  1879-March  3,  1881);  delegate  to 
the  Republican  national  convention  of  1876;  re- 
sumed the  practice  of  law  in  Franklin,  Pa. 

Otero,  Mariano  S.,  a  Delegate  from  New  Mex- 
ico; born  in  Peralta,  Valencia  county,  N.  Mex., 
August  29,  1844;  attended  the  University  of  St. 
Louis,  Mp.;  engaged  in  commercial  pursuits  and 
stock  raising;  probate  judge  1871-1879;  nominated 
by  the  Democratic  convention  as  Delegate  to  the 
Forty-fourth  Congress,  but  declined;  elected  as  a 
Republican  to  the  Forty-sixth  Congress  (March  4, 
1879-March  3,  1881);  died  in  Albuquerque,  Berna- 
lillo  county,  N.  Mex.,  February  1,  1904. 


Otero,  Miguel  Antonio,  a  Delegate  from  New 
Mexico;  born  in  Valencia,  N.  Mex.,  June  21,  1829; 
was  graduated  from  St.  Louis  university,  Missouri; 
studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  in  1852 
began  practice  in  Albuquerque,  N.  Mex. ;  member 
of  the  territorial  house  of  representatives;  declined 
the  appointment  of  district  attorney;  attorney  gen- 
eral for  the  territory;  elected  a  Delegate  to  the 
Thirty-fourth,  Thirty-fifth,  and  Thirty-sixth  Con- 
gresses (March  4,  1855-March  3,  1861). 

Otey,  Peter  Johnson,  a  Representative  from 
Virginia;  born  in  Lynchburg,  Va.,  December  22, 
1840;  attended  the  Virginia  military  institute  and 
was  graduated  July  1,  1860;  while  a  cadet  he  par- 
ticipated in  the  defense  of  Virginia  in  the  John 
Brown  raid ;  entered  the  profession  of  engineering 
on  the  Virginia  &  Kentucky  railroad;  in  April, 
1861,  he  joined  the  Confederate  army  and  remained 
in  the  infantry  until  the  close  of  the  war;  organized 
and  built  the  Lynchburg  &  Durham  railroad; 
elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Fifty-fourth,  Fifty- 
fifth,  Fifty-sixth,  and  Fifty-seventh  Congresses, 
and  served  from  March  4,  1895,  until  his  death  in 
Lynchburg,  Va.,  May  4,  1902. 

Otis,  Harrison  Gray,  a  Representative  and  a 
Senator  from  Massachusetts;  born  in  Boston,  Mass., 
October  8,  1765;  was  graduated  from  Harvard  col- 
lege in  1783;  studied  law;  in  1786  was  admitted  to 
the  bar  and  began  practice  in  Boston;  served  sev- 
eral years  as  a  member  of  the  state  house  of  repre- 
sentatives and  three  years  as  speaker;  was  state 
senator  1805-1813  and  served  as  its  president; 
elected  as  a  Federalist  to  the  Fifth  and  Sixth  Con- 
gresses (March  4,  1797-March  3,  1801);  district 
attorney  for  Massachusetts;  member  of  the  Hart- 
ford convention  of  1814;  judge  of  the  court  of  com- 
mon pleas  1814-1818;  overseer  of  Harvard  college 
1810-1823;  fellow  of  Harvard  1823-1825;  elected  as 
a  Federalist  to  the  United  States  Senate,  and  served 
from  March  4,  1817,  to  May  30,  1822,  when  he  re- 
signed ;  defeated  as  the  Federal  candidate  for  gov- 
ernor of  Massachusetts  in  1823;  mayor  of  Boston 
1829-1832;  died  in  Boston,  Mass.,  October  28, 1848. 

Otis,  John,  a  Representative  from  Maine;  born 
in  Leeds,  Me.,  August  3,  1801;  was  graduated  from 
Bowdoin  college  in  1823;  studied  law,  was  admit- 
ted to  the  bar,  and  began  practice  in  Hallowell, 
Me.;  served  several  years  in  both  branches  of  the 
state  legislature;  elected  as  a  Whig  to  the  Thirty- 
first  Congress  (March  4,  1849-March  3,  1851);  died 
in  Hallowell,  Me.,  October  17,  1856. 

Otis,  John  Grant,  a  Representative  from  Kan- 
sas; born  near  Danby,  Rutland  county,  Vt.,  Feb- 
ruary 10, 1838 ;  pursued  an  academic  course  at  Burr 
seminary,  Manchester,  Vt.;  attended  Williams  col- 
lege, Massachusetts,  and  Harvard  law  school;  ad- 
mitted to  the  bar  of  Rutland  county,  Vt.,  in  the 
spring  of  1859;  moved  to  Topeka,  Kans.,  in  May, 
1859;  served  in  the  second  regiment  of  volunteers 
at  the  time  of  the  Price  raid;  engaged  in  the  dairy 
business;  state  agent  of  the  grange  from  1873  to 
1875,  and  the  state  lecturer  from  1889  to  1891; 
elected  as  the  People's  Party  candidate  to  the 
Fifty-second  Congress  (March  4,  1891-March  3, 
1893). 

Otis,  Norton  Prentiss,  a  Representative  from 
New  York;  born  in  Halifax,  Vt.,  March  18,  1840; 
attended  the  public  schools  of  Albany  and  Yonkers, 
N.  Y.;  connected  with  manufacturing  in  various 
capacities;  elected  mayor  of  Yonkers,  N.  Y.,  in 
1880;  elected  to  the  state  assembly  in  1883;  presi- 


BIOGRAPHIES. 


901 


dent  of  the  New  York  state  commission  to  the  Paris 
exposition  of  1900;  president  of  St.  John's  riverside 
hospital,  of  Yonkers;  defeated  for  Congress  in  1900; 
elected  to  the  Fifty-eighth  Congress  (March  4, 1903- 
March  3,  1905);  died  in  Yonkers,  N.  Y.,  February 
20,  1905. 

Otis,  Samuel  Allyne,  a  Delegate  from  Massa- 
chusetts; born  in  Barnstable,  Mass.,  November  24, 
1740;  was  graduated  from  Harvard  college  in  1759; 
became  a  merchant  in  Boston;  state  representative 
in  1776,  1784-1787;  member  of  the  board  of  war 
1776 ;  collector  of  clothing  for  the  Continental  army 
in  1777;  member  of  the  Massachusetts  constitu- 
tional convention;  took  an  active  part  in  Revolu- 
tionary affairs ;  Delegate  from  Massachusetts  to  the 
Continental  Congress  1787-88;  for  thirty  years  sec- 
retary of  the  United  States  Senate  from  its  first  ses- 
sion in  1789,  and  died,  while  holding  the  position, 
in  Washington,  D.  C.,  April  22,  1814. 

Otjen,  Theobald,  a  Representative  from  Wis- 
consin; born  in  West  China,  St.  Clair  county, 
Mich.,  October  27,  1851;  attended  the  Marine  City 
(Mich.)  academy  and  a  private  school  in  Detroit; 
employed  as  foreman  in  the  rolling  mill  of  the  Mil- 
waukee Iron  company  in  Milwaukee  1870-1872; 
was  graduated  from  the  law  department  of  the  Uni- 
versity of  Michigan,  at  Ann  Arbor,  March  25,  1875; 
admitted  to  the  bar  at  Ann  Arbor;  practiced  law  in 
Detroit  until  the  fall  of  1883,  when  he  moved  to 
Milwaukee;  member  of  the  common  council  of  the 
city  of  Milwaukee  in  1887;  reelected  for  three  suc- 
cessive terms  and  served  seven  years  in  all;  trustee 
of  the  Milwaukee  public  library  1887-1891 ;  trustee 
of  the  public  museum  1891-1894;  candidate  for 
comptroller  of  the  city  in  April,  1892,  but  defeated; 
elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Fifty-fourth,  Fifty- 
fifth,  Fifty-sixth,  Fifty-seventh,  Fifty-eighth,  and 
Fifty-ninth  Congresses  (March  4,  1895-March  3, 
1907);  defeated  for  the  Sixtieth  Congress;  resumed 
the  practice  of  law  in  Milwaukee,  Wis. 

Oury,  Granville  H.,  a  Delegate  from  Ari- 
zona; born  in  Abingdon,  Va.,  March  12,  1825; 
moved  to  Missouri  in  1836;  commenced  the  study 
of  law  in  1846  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  Bowl- 
ing Green,  Mo.,  in  1848;  moved  to  Texas  the  same 
year,  and  in  1849  removed  to  California  and  engaged 
in  mining;  took  up  his  residence  in  Arizona  in 
1856;  commenced  the  practice  of  law  in  1865; 
elected  to  the  territorial  legislature  in  1866,  1873, 
and  1875;  elected  speaker  of  the  house  the  first  two 
sessions;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Forty-sev^ 
enth  and  Forty-eighth  Congresses  (March  4,  1881- 
March  3,  1885). 

Outhwaite,  Joseph  Hodson,  a  Representative 
from  Ohio;  born  in  Cleveland,  Ohio,  December  5, 
1841;  attended  the  public  schools  of  Zanesville, 
Ohio;  taught  two  years  in  the  high  school  of  that 
city;  principal  of  a  grammar  school  in  Columbus, 
Ohio,  three  years;  read  law  while  teaching  and  was 
admitted  to  the  bar  in  1866 ;  practiced  law  from 
1867  to  1871  at  Osceola,  Mo.;  elected  prosecuting 
attorney  of  Franklin  county,  Ohio,  in  1874,  and 
again  in  1876;  trustee  of  the  County  children's 
home  1879-1883;  trustee  of  the  sinking  fund  of  the 
city  of  Columbus  in  1883;  reappointed  in  1884  for  a 
term  of  five  years;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the 
Forty-ninth,  Fiftieth,  Fifty-first,  Fifty-second,  and 
Fifty-third  Congresses  (March  4,  1885-March  3, 
1895);  appointed  a  member  of  the  commission  to 
codify  the  laws  of  the  United  States;  civilian  mem- 
ber of  the  board  of  ordnance  and  fortifications  1895- 
1899;  died  in  Columbus,  Ohio,  December  9,  1907. 


Outlaw,  David,  a  Representative  from  North 
Carolina;  native  of  Bertie  county,  N.  C.;  was  gradu- 
ated from  the  North  Carolina  university  in  1824; 
studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar  and  began 
practice  in  Windsor,  N.  C.;  served  three  years  as  a 
member  of  the  state  house  of  representatives;  held 
several  local  offices;  elected  as  a  Whig  to  the  Thir- 
tieth, Thirty-first,  and  Thirty-second  Congresses 
(March  4,  1847-March  3,  1853);  defeated  for  the 
Thirty-third  Congress. 

Outlaw,  George,  a  Representative  from  North 
Carolina;  native  of  Bertie  county,  N.  C.;  com- 
pleted preparatory  studies;  studied  law,  was  ad- 
mitted to  the  bar  and  practiced;  elected  a  member 
of  the  house  of  commons;  member  of  the  state 
legislature  in  1796-1797,  and  of  the  senate  1802, 
1806-1808,  1810-1814,  1817,  1821,  and  1822;  elected 
to  the  Eighteenth  Congress  to  fill  vacancy  caused 
by  the  resignation  of  Hutchins  G.  Burton,  and 
served  from  January  19,  1825,  to  March  3,  1825; 
died  August  15,  1835. 

Overman,  Lee  Slater,  a  Senator  from  North 
Carolina;  born  in  Salisbury,  Rowan  county,  Jan- 
uary 3,  1854;  was  graduated  from  Trinity  college, 
North  Carolina,  June,  1874;  taught  school  two 
years;  private  secretary  to  Governor  Zebulon  B. 
Vance  in  1877-1878,  and  private  secretary  to 
Governor  Thomas  J.  Jarvis  in  1879;  studied  law, 
was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  began  practice  in 
Salisbury,  N.  C.,  in  1880;  member  of  the  legisla- 
ture, sessions  of  1883,  1885,  1887,  1893,  and  1901; 
choice  of  the  Democratic  caucus  for  speaker  in 
1887,  and  defeated  by  one  vote;  speaker  of  the 
house  of  representatives,  session  of  1893;  president 
of  the  North  Carolina  railroad  company  in  1894; 
choice  of  the  Democratic  caucus  for  United  States 
Senator  in  1895,  and  defeated;  president  of  the 
Democratic  state  convention  in  1900;  president  of 
the  Salisbury  savings  bank;  member  of  the  board 
of  trustees  of  the  state  university;  chosen  presi- 
dential elector  for  the  state  at  large  in  1900;  elected 
to  the  United  States  Senate  for  the  term  beginning 
March  4,  1903;  reelected  in  1909  for  the  term  ending 
March  3,  1915. 

Over-street,  James,  a  Representative  from 
South  Carolina;  born  in  Barn  well  district,  S.  C., 
February  11,  1773;  completed  preparatory  studies; 
studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  prac- 
ticed; held  several  local  offices;  elected  to  the  Six- 
teenth and  Seventeenth  Congresses  (March  4, 
1819-March  3,  1823);  died  near  Salisbury,  N.  C., 
May  24,  1822;  interment  in  China  Grove,  N.  C. 

Overstreet,  James  Whetstone,  a  Represent- 
ative from  Georgia;  born  in  Screven  county,  Ga., 
August  28,  1866;  attended  the  public  schools,  and 
was  graduated  from  Mercer  university,  Mercer, 
Ga.,  in  1888;  studied  law  in  Augusta,  and  was 
admitted  to  the  bar  in  April,  1892;  served  one 
term  in  the  legislature;  member  of  the  Democratic 
state  executive  committee  in  1905-1906;  in  Decem- 
ber, 1902,  was  appointed  judge  of  the  city  court  of 
Sylvania,  Ga.;  resigned  October  1,  1906;  and  on 
October  3  was  elected  to  the  Fifty-ninth  Congress, 
to  fill  the  vacancy  caused  by  the  death  of  Rufus  E. 
Lester,  and  served  from  December  3,  1906,  to 
March  4,  1907;  resumed  the  practice  of  law  in 
Sylvania,  Ga. 

Overstreet,  Jesse,  a  Representative  from 
Indiana;  born  in  Franklin,  Ind.,  December  14, 
1859;  was  graduated  from  the  Franklin  high  school 
in  1877,  and  from  Franklin  college  in  1882;  studied 


902 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 


law  under  the  direction  of  his  father  and  in  1886 
was  admitted  to  the  bar  and  began  practice  in 
Franklin;  served  as  member  of  the  Republican 
state  central  committee  of  Indiana  in  the  campaign 
of  1892;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Fifty-fourth 
and  to  the  six  succeeding  Congresses  (March  4, 
1895-March  3,  1907);  defeated  for  election  to  the 
Sixty-first  Congress;  died  in  Indianapolis,  Ind., 
May  27,  1910;  interment  in  Columbus,  Ind. 

Overton,  Edward,  jr.,  a  Representative  from 
Pennsylvania;  born  in  Towanda,  Pa.,  February  4, 
1836;  was  graduated  from  Princeton  college  in  1856; 
studied  law  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  May, 
1858;  practiced  in  Towanda;  entered  the  Union 
Army  in  September,  1861,  as  major  of  the  fiftieth 
regiment  of  Pennsylvania  volunteers;  promoted  to 
lieutenant  colonel  in  1863,  and  from  that  time  com- 
manded the  regiment  until  mustered  out  October, 
1864;  served  as  register  in  bankruptcy  from  1867 
until  1876;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Forty- 
fifth  and  Forty-sixth  Congresses  (March  4,  1877- 
March  3,  1881);  died  in  Towanda,  Pa.,  September 
18,  1903. 

Overton,  Walter  Hampden,  a  Representative 
from  Louisiana;  born  near  Louisa  Courthouse,  Va., 
in  1783;  moved  with  his  father  to  North  Carolina  in 
infancy,  and  to  Tennessee  in  1801;  attended  the 
public  schools;  entered  the  army  May  3,  1808,  as 
first  lieutenant  of  the  seventh  infantry;  captain 
December  3,  1810;  promoted  February  21,  1814,  to 
be  major  of  the  third  rifles;  transferred  to  the  artil- 
lery corps  May  17,  1815;  breve tted  lieutenant 
colonel  December  23,  1814,  "for  gallant  conduct  in 
the  battle  of  New  Orleans,  La.";  resigned  October 
31, 1815;  located  in  Louisiana  and  engaged  in  plant- 
ing; elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Twenty-first  Con- 
gress (March  4,  1829-March  3,  1831);  died  near 
Alexandria,  La.,  January  4,  1846. 

Owen,  Allen  Ferdinand,  a  Representative 
from  Georgia;  born  in  Wilkes  county,  N.  C.,  Octo- 
ber 31,  1816;  moved  to  Talbotton,  Ga.;  attended 
the  common  schools;  held  several  local  offices; 
ejected  as  a  Whig  to  the  Thirty-first  Congress 
(March  4,  1849-March  3,  1851);  consul  general  to 
Habana;  died  in  Talbotton,  Ga.,  April  7,  1865. 

Owen,  George  Washington,  a  Representa- 
tive from  Alabama;  born  in  Brunswick  county,  Va., 
in  1798;  completed  preparatory  studies;  moved  to 
Mobile,  Ala.,  and  was  mayor;  elected  to  the  Eight- 
eenth, Nineteenth,  and  Twentieth  Congresses 
{March  4,  1823-March  3,  1829);  collector  of  the  port 
of  Mobile  in  1829;  died  in  Mobile,  Ala.,  August  18, 
1837. 

Owen,  James,  a  Representative  from  North 
Carolina;  born  in  Bladen  county,  N.  C.,  December 
7,  1784;  received  a  limited  schooling;  member  of 
the  state  house  of  representatives  1808-1811; 
elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Fifteenth  Congress 
(March  4, 1817-March  3, 1819) ;  died  in  Wilmington, 
N.  C.,  September  4,  1865. 

Owen,  Robert  Dale,  a  Representative  from 
Indiana;  born  in  Glasgow,  Scotland,  November  9, 
1801;  pursued  classical  studies;  came  to  the  United 
States  with  his  parents  in  1823  and  located  in  New 
Harmony,  Ind.,  and  aided  in  the  establishment  of 
a  social  community;  was  editor  of  the  Free  En- 
quirer, published  in  New  York  1828-1831;  returned 
to  New  Harmony  in  1832;  member  of  the  state 
house  of  representatives  1835-1838;  elected  as  a 


Democrat  to  the  Twenty-eighth  and  Twenty- 
ninth  Congresses  (March  4,  1843-March  3,  1847); 
defeated  for  reelection  to  the  Thirtieth  Congress; 
appointed  charge1  d'affaires  at  Naples  in  1853,  and 
minister  1855-1858;  died  in  his  summer  home  on 
Lake  George,  June  25,  1877. 

Owen,  Robert  Latham,  a  Senator  form  Okla- 
homa; born  in  Lynchburg,  Va.,  February  2,  1856; 
attended  private  schools  in  Lynchburg,  Va.,  and 
Baltimore,  Md.,  and  was  graduated  from  Washing- 
ton and  Lee  university,  Lexington,  Va.,  in  1877; 
studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  practiced 
in  Virginia  and  Oklahoma;  member  of  the  Demo- 
cratic national  committee,  1892-1896;  vice  chair- 
man of  the  Democratic  campaign  committee  in 
Oklahoma  in  1906;  nominated  June  8,  1907,  as  the 
choice  of  the  Democracy  of  Oklahoma  for  the 
United  States  Senate  in  a  state- wide  primary; 
appointed,  and  subsequently  elected  to  the  United 
States  Senate,  and  began  service  December  11, 
1907;  term  to  expire,  under  the  election,  March  3, 
1913. 

Owen,  William  Dale,  a  Representative  from 
Indiana;  born  in  Bloomington,  Ind.,  September 
6,  1846;  attended  the  Indiana  state  university  in 
1865,  and  entered  upon  the  study  of  law;  relin- 
quished law  for  the  ministry;  pastor  of  a  Christian 
church  until  1878;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the 
Forty-ninth,  Fiftieth,  and  Fifty-first  Congresses 
(March  4,  1885-March  3,  1891);  secretary  of  state 
in  1894. 

Owens,  George  Welshman,  a  Representative 
from  Georgia;  born  in  Savannah,  Ga.,  August  29, 
1786;  attended  school  in  Harrow,  England,  and  was 
graduated  from  the  University  of  Cambridge; 
studied  law  in  the  office  of  Mr.  Chitty,  in  London; 
returned  to  Savannah,  Ga.,  was  admitted  to  the  bar, 
and  began  practice  in  Savannah;  elected  as  a 
Unionist  to  the  Twenty-fourth  and  Twenty-fifth 
Congresses  (March  4,  1835-March  3,  1839);  died  in 
Savannah,  Ga.,  March  2, 1856. 

Owens,  James  W.,  a  Representative  from  Ohio; 
born  in  Springfield  township,  Franklin  county, 
Ind.,  October  24,  1837;  entered  Miami  university, 
Oxford,  Ohio,  in  1859,  and  was  graduated  in  1862; 
studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar  and  prac- 
ticed; enlisted  in  the  Union  Army  as  private  in  the 
twentieth  Ohio  volunteer  infantry,  and  served 
during  the  first  three  months'  service;  reenlisted 
and  was  made  first  lieutenant  company  A,  eighty- 
sixth  Ohio  volunteer  infantry,  and  on  the  reorgan- 
ization of  that  regiment  was  made  captain  of 
company  K;  attended  law  school  in  Ann  Arbor, 
Mich.;  elected  prosecuting  attorney  of  Licking 
county  in  1867,  and  reelected  in  1869;  elected  to 
the  state  senate  in  1875  and  1877;  was  president  of 
the  senate;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Fifty-first 
and  Fifty-second  Congresses  (March  4,  1889-March 

3,  1893);  died  in  Norwalk,  Ohio,  March  30,  1900. 

Owens,  William  Claiborne,  a  Representative 
from  Kentucky;  born  in  Scott  county,  Ky.,  October 
17,  1849;  was  graduated  from  the  law  department 
of  Columbia  college, 'New  York,  in  1872;  elected 
county  attorney  for  Scott  county  in  1874,  and  re- 
signed in  1877;  served  five  terms  in  the  Kentucky 
legislature,  one  term  as  speaker  of  the  house  of 
representatives;  Democratic  elector  in  1880,  and 
delegate  to  the  Chicago  convention  in  1892;  elected 
as  a  Democrat  to  the  Fifty-fourth  Congress  (March 

4,  1895-March  3,  1897). 


BIOGRAPHIES. 


903 


Owsley,  Bryan  Young,  a  Representative  from 
Kentucky;  born  near  Crab  Orchard,  Ky.,  August 
19,  1798;  attended  the  schools  of  Lincoln  county; 
studied  law  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar;  moved  to 
Jamestown,  Ky.,  and  was  clerk  of  the  circuit  court 
in  1827;  presidential  elector  on  the  Harrison  ticket 
in  1840;  elected  as  a  Whig  to  the  Twenty-seventh 
and  Twenty-eighth  Congresses  (March  4,  1841- 
March  3,  1845);  register  of  the  United  States  land 
office  with  residence  in  Frankfort,  1845-1849;  died 
in  Frankfort,  Ky.,  October  27,  1849. 

Paca,  William,  a  Delegate  from  Maryland; 
born  in  Wye  Hall,  Harford  county,  Md.;  October 
31,  1740;  was  graduated  from  Philadelphia  college 
in  1759;  studied  law  in  Annapolis,  Md.,  and  in  the 
Middle  Temple,  London,  England,  and  was  ad- 
mitted to  the  bar;  returned  home  and  began  prac- 
tice in  Annapolis;  member  of  the  provincial  assem- 
bly 1771-1774;  Delegate  in  the  Continental  Con- 
gress 1774-1779;  signer  of  the  Declaration  of  Inde- 
pendence; state  senator  1777-1779;  chief  justice  of 
Maryland  1778-1780;  chief  justice  of  the  court  of 
appeals  1780-1782;  governor  of  Maryland  1782- 
1786;  was  influential  in  establishing  Washington 
college  in  Chestertown,  Md.,  in  1786;  delegate  to 
the  state  convention  in  1788;  United  States  judge 
for  the  district  of  Maryland  from  1789  to  1799;  died 
in  "Wye  Hall,"  Queen  Anne  county,  Md.,  Octo- 
ber 23.  1799. 

Pacheco,  Romualdo,  a  Representative  from 
California;  born  in  Santa  Barbara,  Cal.,  October  31, 
1831;  was  instructed  by  private  tutors;  engaged  in 
nautical  pursuits,  subsequently  in  agriculture; 
member  of  the  state  senate  in  1851  and  again  in 
1861;  member  of  state  house  of  representatives  in 
1853-1855  and  1868-1870;  county  judge  1855-1859; 
state  treasurer  1863-1866;  lieutenant-governor  in 
1871-1875;  became  governor  when  Governor  Booth 
was  elected  to  the  United  States  Senate  in  1875; 
nominated  on  the  Republican  ticket  for  the  Forty- 
fifth  Congress  and  received  the  certificate  of  elec- 
tion and  served  from  March  4,  1877,  to  February 
7,  1878,  when  he  was  succeeded  by  Peter  D.  Wig- 
ginton,  who  contested  his  election;  elected  as  a 
Republican  to  the  Forty-sixth  and  Forty-seventh 
Congresses  (March  4,  1879-March  3,  1883);  minister 
to  Guatemala  under  President  Harrison  and  re- 
tired in  1893;  died  in  Oakland,  Cal.,  January  23, 
1899. 

Packard,  Jasper,  a  Representative  from  Indi- 
ana; born  in  Austintown,  Mahoning  county,  Ohio, 
February  1,  1832;  accompanied  his  parents  to 
Indiana  in  1835;  was  graduated  from  the  University 
of  Michigan  in  1855;  taught  school;  located  in 
Laporte,  Ind.;  studied  law,  and  in  1861  admitted 
to  the  bar;  entered  the  Union  Army;  private  in 
forty-eighth  Indiana  infantry  October  24,  1861; 
first  lieutenant  January  1,  1862;  captain  September 
12,  1862;  lieutenant  colonel  one  hundred  and 
twenty-eighth  Indiana  infantry  March  17,  1864; 
colonel  June  26,  1865;  brevet  brigadier  general 
March  13,  1865,  "for  meritorious  service";  mus- 
tered out  April  10,  1866;  auditor  of  Laporte  county 
two  years;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Forty- 
first,  Forty-second,  and  Forty-third  Congresses 
(March  4, 1865-March  3,  1879);  was  commandant  of 
the  state  soldiers'  home,  Lafayette,  Ind.,  and  died 
there  December  13,  1898. 

Packer,  Asa,  a  Representative  from  Pennsyl- 
vania; born  in  Groton,  Conn.,  December  29,  1805; 
attended  the  public  schools;  moved  to  Springfield, 
Pa.,  in  1820;  learned  the  trade  of  a  carpenter; 


moved  to  Mauch  Chunk,  Pa.,  in  1833;  became 
interested  in  the  production  of  coal  and  in  rail- 
roads; member  of  the  state  house  of  representa- 
tives 1842-1843;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the 
Thirty-third  and  Thirty-fourth  Congresses  (March 
4,  1853-March  3,  1857);  founded  the  Lehigh  uni- 
versity; delegate  to  the  national  Democratic  con- 
vention in  New  York  in  1868;  died  in  Philadel- 
phia, Pa.,  May  17,  1879. 

Packer,  Horace  Billings,  a  Representative 
from  Pennsylvania;  born  in  Wellsboro,  Pa.,  Octo- 
ber 11,  1851;  attended  the  Wellsboro  academy  and 
Alfred  university,  New  York;  studied  law;  was 
admitted  to  the  bar  of  Tioga  county,  August  26, 
1873;  district  attorney  1875-1879;  elected  to  the 
state  house  of  representatives  in  1884,  and  re- 
elected  in  1886;  state  senator  1888-1892;  presided 
over  the  Republican  state  conventions  of  1893  and 
1894;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Fifty-fifth 
and  Fifty-sixth  Congresses  (March  4,  1897-March 
3,  1901). 

Packer,  John  Black,  a  Representative  from 
Pennsylvania;  born  in  Sunbury,  Pa.,  March  21, 
1824;  completed  preparatory  studies;  studied  law, 
was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  practiced  in  Sunbury; 
district  attorney  1845-1847;  served  in  the  state 
legislature  of  Pennsylvania  1850-1851;  elected  as  a 
Republican  to  the  Forty-first.  Forty-second,  Forty- 
third,  and  Forty-fourth  Congresses  (March  4,  1869- 
March  3,  1877);  declined  a  renomination ;  died  in 
Sunbury,  Pa.,  July  7,  1891. 

Paddock,  Algernon  Sidney,  a  Senator  from 
Nebraska;  born  in  Glens  Falls,  Warren  county, 
N.  Y.,  November  9,  1830;  pursued  an  academic 
course;  studied  law;  moved  to  Nebraska  in  1857 
and  was  admitted  to  the  bar  and  practiced  in 
Omaha;  appointed  territorial  secretary  by  Presi- 
dent Lincoln  in  1861,  which  office  he  held  until  the 
state  was  admitted  into  the  Union  in  1867;  per- 
formed the  duties  of  acting  governor  part  of  this 
time;  located  in  Beatrice,  Nebr.;  elected  to  the 
United  States  Senate  and  served  from  March  4, 
1875,  to  March  3,  1881;  appointed  a  member  of  the 
Utah  commission  1882-1886;  again  elected  as  a 
Republican  to  the  United  States  Senate  and  served 
from  March  4,  1887,  to  March  3,  1893;  died  in 
Beatrice,  Nebr.,  October  17,  1897. 

Padgett,  Lemuel  Phillips,  a  Representative 
from  Tennessee;  bom  November  28,  1855,  in 
Columbia,  Tenn.;  attended  private  schools  of  the 
county  and  was  graduated  from  Erskine  college, 
Due  West,  S.  C.,  in  1876;  began  the  study  of  law  in 
September,  1876,  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in 
March,  1877;  began  practice  in  Columbia,  Tenn., 
in  January,  1879;  Democratic  presidential  elector 
in  1884;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  state  senate 
in  1898  and  served  during  the  term;  elected  as  a 
Democrat  to  the  Fifty-seventh,  Fifty-eighth,  Fifty- 
ninth,  Sixtieth,  and  Sixty-first  Congresses  (March 
4, 1901-March  3,1911).  Reelected  to  the  Sixty-second 
Congress. 

Page,  Carroll  Smalley,  a  Senator  from  Ver- 
mont; born  in  Westfield,  Vt.,  January  10,  1843; 
pursued  an  academic  course;  engaged  in  business 
in  Hyde  Park,  Vt.;  president  of  the  Lamoille 
county  savings  bank  and  trust  company  and  of  the 
Lamoille  county  national  bank,  both  of  Hyde 
Park;  director  of  the  S  wanton  savings  bank  and 
trust  company,  of  Swanton,  Vt.,  and  of  several 
other  corporations;  state  representative  1869-1872, 
and  state  senator  1874-1876;  member  of  the  Re- 


904 


CONGKESSIONAL   DIEECTORY. 


publican  state  committee  1872-1890,  and  chairman 
1886-1890;  delegate  in  the  Republican  national 
convention  in  1880;  savings  bank  examiner  1884- 
1888;  governor  of  the  state  1890-1892;  elected  to 
the  United  States  Senate  October  21,  1908,  to  fill 
vacancy  caused  by  the  death  of  Redfield  Proctor, 
for  the  term  ending  March  3,  1911,  and  reelected 
for  the  term  ending  March  3,  1917. 

Page,  Charles  Harrison,  a  Representative 
from  Rhode  Island;  born  in  Gloucester,  Provi- 
dence county,  R.  I.,  July  19,  1843;  attended  the 
public  schools;  enlisted  in  the  Union  Army  as  a 
private  in  company  A,  twelfth  regiment  Rhode 
Island  volunteers;  mustered  out  July  29,  1863; 
went  to  Illinois  and  resumed  studies  in  the  Illinois 
state  normal  school  at  Bloomington  and  the  South- 
ern Illinois  college  at  Carbondale;  returned  to 
Rhode  Island  in  1869;  taught  school  in  Scituate 
until  the  spring  of  1870,  when  he  entered  the  law 
department  of  the  University  of  Albany,  N.  Y., 
and  was  graduated  in  1871;  admitted  to  the  bar 
the  same  year;  returned  to  Rhode  Island  and  was 
admitted  to  the  bar  of  that  state  in  1872;  member 
of  the  state  house  of  representatives  1872-1873; 
state  senator  in  1874  and  1875,  1884-1885,  and  1890; 
candidate  for  attorney-general  in  1879;  member  of 
the  National  Democratic  conventions  of  1880, 1884, 
and  1888;  nominated  for  Congress  in  1884,  and,  after 
a  contest,  the  seat  was  declared  vacant;  was  elected 
in  a  special  election  to  the  Forty-ninth  Congress 
and  served  from  February  25,  1887,  to  March  3, 
1887;  elected  to  Fifty-second  Congress  at  a  special 
election  held  February  21,  1891;  reelected  to  the 
Fifty-third  Congress  at  a  special  election  April  5, 
1893;  died  in  Providence,  R.  I.,  July  21,  1912. 

Page,  Henry,  a  Representative  from  Maryland; 
born  in  Princess  Anne,  Somerset  county,  Md., 
June  28,  1841;  received  preparatory  instruction  at 
the  school  of  Anthony  Bolivar,  West  Chester,  Pa. ; 
entered  the  University  of  Virginia  and  remained 
until  the  breaking  out  of  the  war  in  1861 ;  major  in 
the  Union  army;  entered  upon  the  study  of  law, 
and  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1864;  began  prac- 
tice in  Princess  Anne,  Somerset  county,  Md. ;  mem- 
ber of  the  constitutional  convention  of  1867;  state 
attorney  for  Somerset  county  1870-1884;  elector  on 
the  Democratic  ticket  in  1888;  elected  as  a  Demo- 
crat to  the  Fifty-second  Congress,  and  served  from 
March  4,  1891,  until  September  3,  1892,  when  he 
resigned  to  accept  a  judgeship  on  the  Maryland 
court  of  appeals;  appointed  chief  judge  of  the  first 
judicial  district  of  Maryland  in  August,  1892; 
elected  to  the  position  in  November,  1893,  for  a 
term  of  fifteen  years;  died  in  Princess  Anne,  Md., 
January  7,  1913. 

Page,  Horace  Francis,  a  Representative  from 
California;  born  in  Orleans  county,  N.  Y.,  October 
20,  1833;  attended  the  public  schools;  moved  to 
California  in  1854;  a  stage  proprietor  and  mail  con- 
tractor; nominated  for  the  state  senate  by  the  Re- 
publican convention  of  El  Dorado  county  in  1869, 
and  defeated;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Forty- 
third  and  to  the  four  succeeding  Congresses  (March 
4,  1873-March  3,  1883);  died  in  San  Francisco, 
Cal.,  August  23,  1890. 

Page,  John,  a  Representative  from  Virginia; 
born  in  "Rose well,"  Gloucester  county,  Va., 
April  17,  1744;  was  graduated  from  William  and 
Mary  college  in  1763;  delegate  in  the  state  consti- 
tutional convention  of  1776;  colonel  in  the  Revo- 
lutionary army;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  First, 
Second,  Third,  and  Fourth  Congresses  (March  4, 


1789-March  3, 1797;  governor  of  Virginia  1802-1805; 
died  in  Richmond,  Va.,  October  11,  1808. 

Page,  John,  a  Senator  from  New  Hampshire; 
born  in  Haverhill,  N.  H.,  May  21,  1787;  completed 
preparatory  studies;  held  several  local  offices; 
member  of  the  state  legislature  several  years; 
served  five  years  as  register  of  deeds  for  Grafton 
county;  elected  to  the  United  States  Senate  to  fill 
vacancy  caused  by  the  resignation  of  Isaac  Hill, 
and  served  from  June  8,  1836,  to  March  3,  1837; 
several  years  state  councilor;  governor  of  New 
Hampshire  1840-1842;  died  in  Concord,  N.  H., 
September  8,  1865. 

Page,  Mann,  a  Delegate  from  Virginia;  born  in 
"Rosewell,"  Gloucester  (near  Matthews)  county, 
Va.,  in  1749;  pursued  classical  studies  and  was 
graduated  from  the  college  of  William  and  Mary; 
removed  to  Mansfield,  Spottsylvania  county;  was 
a  Delegate  to  the  Continental  Congress  in  1777; 
died  in  Mansfield,  Va. 

Page,  Robert,  a  Representative  from  Virginia; 
born  in  Virginia  in  1764;  received  a  limited  school- 
ing; a  member  of  the  state  house  of  representatives; 
elected  as  a  Federalist  to  the  Sixth  Congress 
(March  4,  1799-March  3, 1801);  died  in  Janesville, 
Va.,  January  1,  1840. 

Page,  Robert  Newton,  a  Representative  from 
North  Carolina;  born  in  Cary,  Wake  county,  N.  C., 
October  26,  1859;  attended  the  Cary  high  school 
and  Bingham  military  school;  moved  to  Moore 
county  in  1880,  and  engaged  in  the  lumber  busi- 
ness; treasurer  of  the  Aberdeen  and  Asheboro  rail- 
road company;  moved  to  Biscos,  Montgomery 
county  in  1897;  elected  to  the  legislature  of  1901; 
elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Fifty-eighth,  Fifty- 
ninth,  Sixtieth,  and  Sixty-first  Congresses  (March 
4,  1903-March  3,  1911);  reelected  to  the  Sixty- 
second  Congress. 

Page,  Sherman,  a  Representative  from  New 
York;  born  in  Connecticut  May  9,  1799;  attended 
the  common  schools;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to 
the  bar,  and  practiced;  moved  to  Unadilla,  N.  Y.; 
member  of  the  state  house  of  representatives  in 
1827;  judge  of  the  court  of  common  pleas  in  Otsego 
county;  elected  as  a  Jackson  Democrat  to  the 
Twenty-third  and  Twenty-fourth  Congresses 
(March  4,  1833-March  3,  1837);  died  in  Unadilla, 
N.  Y.,  September  27,  1853. 

Paige,  David  Raymond,  a  Representative  from 
Ohio;  born  in  Madison,  Lake  county,  Ohio,  April 
8,  1844;  was  graduated  from  Union  college,  Sche- 
nectady,  N.  Y.,  in  1865;  engaged  in  the  hardware 
business  in  Akron,  Ohio;  county  treasurer  four 
years  1875-1879;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the 
Forty-eighth  Congress  (March  4,  1883-March  3, 
1885);  died  in  New  York  City  June  30,  1901. 

Paine,  Elijah,  a  Senator  from  Vermont;  born 
in  Brooklyn,  Conn.,  January  21,  1757;  was  grad- 
uated from  Harvard  college  in  1781;  studied  law, 
was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  began  practice  in 
1784;  moved  to  Windsor,  Vt.;  practiced  law  and 
cultivated  a  farm ;  began  a  settlement  at  Williams- 
town,  established  a  cloth  factory,  a  saw  and  grist 
mill;  member  of  the  constitutional  convention  in 
1786;  member  of  the  state  house  of  representatives 
1787-1791;  judge  of  the  state  supreme  court  1791- 
1795;  elected  as  a  Federalist  to  the  United  States 
Senate,  and  served  from  March  4,  1795,  to  January, 
1801,  when  he  resigned;  United  States  judge  of  the 


BIOGRAPHIES. 


905 


district  of  Vermont  from  1801  until  his  death  in 
Willismstown,  Vt.,  April  28,  1842. 

Paine,  Ephraim,  a  Delegate  from  New  York; 
born  in  Canterbury,  Conn.,  August  19,  1730;  went 
with  parents  to  Nine  Partners,  N.  Y.;  pursued  pre- 
paratory studies;  studied  medicine  and  practiced 
in  Amenia,  Dutchess  county,  N.  Y.;  delegate  in 
the  Provincial  Congress  of  1775;  county  judge  1778- 
1781;  member  of  the  council  of  appointment  in 
1780;  state  senator  1780-1784;  Delegate  in  the  Con- 
tinental Congress  1784-1785;  died  in  Amenia,  N. 
Y.,  August  10,  1785. 

Paine,  Halbert  Eleazer,  a  Representative  from 
Wisconsin;  born  in  Chardon,  Ohio,  February  4, 
1826;  was  graduated  from  Western  Reserve  college 
in  1845;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and 
in  1848  began  practice  in  Cleveland,  Ohio;  moved 
to  Milwaukee,  Wis.,  in  1857;  entered  the  Union 
Army  in  May,  1861,  as  colonel  of  the  fourth  Wis- 
consin volunteers;  in  January,  1863,  promoted  to 
the  rank  of  brigadier  general,  and  in  the  following 
June  lost  a  leg  at  Port  Hudson;  brevetted  major 
general  in  March  and  resigned  in  May,  1865; 
elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Thirty-ninth,  For- 
tieth, and  Forty-first  Congresses  (March  4,  1865- 
March  3,  1871);  died  in  Washington,  D.  C.,  April 
7,  1905. 

Paine,  Robert  T.,  a  Representative  from  North 
Carolina;  born  in  Edenton,  Chowan  county,  N.  C., 
February  18, 1812;  attended  Trinity  college,  Conn, 
studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  prac- 
ticed; member  of  the  state  house  of  commons  1838, 
1840,  1844,  1846,  and  1848;  colonel  of  a  North  Caro- 
lina regiment  in  the  war  with  Mexico;  held  several 
local  offices;  elected  as  an  American  to  the  Thirty- 
fourth  Congress  (March  4,  1855-March  3,  1857); 
moved  to  Washington  county,  Texas,  in  1859;  died 
in  Galveston,  Texas,  February  8,  1872;  Interment 
in  Brenham,  Tex. 

Paine,  Robert  Treat,  a  Delegate  from  Massa- 
chusetts; born  in  Boston,  Mass.,  March  11,  1731; 
was  graduated  from  Harvard  college  in  1749; 
studied  theology;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the 
bar,  and  began  practice  in  Boston;  moved  to 
Taunton  in  1759;  member  of  the  colonial  house  of 
representatives  in  1773;  delegate  to  the  Provincial 
congress  1774-1775;  Delegate  in  the  Continental 
Congress  1774-1778;  signer  of  the  Declaration  of 
Independence;  attorney  general  of  Massachusetts 
1777-1790;  member  of  the  executive  council  1779- 
1780;  delegate  to  the  constitutional  convention  in 
1779;  moved  to  Boston  in  1780;  judge  of  the  su- 
preme court  of  Massachusetts  1790-1804;  died  in 
Boston,  Mass.,  May  11,  1814. 

Paine,  William  W.,  a  Representative  from 
Georgia;  resident  of  Savannah,  Ga.;  elected  to  the 
Forty-first  Congress,  upon  the  readmission  of 
Georgia  to  representation;  qualified  under  the  act 
of  July  6, 1868,  and  served  from  January  24, 1871,  to 
March  3,  1871. 

Palen,  Rufus,  a  Representative  from  New 
York;  born  in  Palen ville,  Greene  county, N.  Y., 
February  25,  1807;  moved  with  parents  to  Falls- 
burg,  where  he  received  a  limited  schooling;  held 
several  local  offices;  elected  as  a  Whig  to  the 
Twenty-sixth  Congress  (March  4,  1839-March  3, 
1841);  died  in  New  York  City,  April  26,  1844. 

Palfrey,  John  Gorham,  a  Representative  from 
Massachusetts;  born  in  Boston,  Mass.,  May  2,  1796; 


completed  preparatory  studies  in  Phillips  academy, 
Exeter,  N.  H.,  and  was  graduated  from  Harvard 
college  in  1815;  studied  theology  and  was  ordained 
minister  of  Brattle  Square  Unitarian  church,  Bos- 
ton, June  17,  1818;  editor  of  the  North  American 
Review  1835-1843;  state  representative  1842-43; 
secretary  of  the  state  of  Massachusetts  1844-1848; 
elected  as  a  Whig  to  the  Thirtieth  Congress  (March 
4,  1847-March  3,  1849);  defeated  as  the  Free  Soil 
candidate  for  reelection;  postmaster  of  Boston 
1861-1867;  devoted  himself  to  literary  pursuits; 
died  in  Cambridge,  Mass.,  April  26,  1881. 

Palmer,  A.  Mitchell,  a  Representative  from 
Pennsylvania;  born  May  4,  1872;  attended  the 
public  schools  and  prepared  for  college  at  the 
Moravian  parochial  school,  Bethlehem,  Pa.;  was 
graduated  from  Swarthmore  college  in  1891;  ap- 
pointed official  stenographer  of  the  forty-third 
judicial  district  of  Pennsylvania,  1892;  studied 
law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1893,  and  practiced 
in  Stroudsburg,  Pa.;  director  in  the  Scranton  trust 
company,  Stroudsburg  national  bank,  and  other 
financial  and  industrial  institutions ;  member  of  the 
Democratic  state  executive  committee  of  Pennsyl- 
vania; elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Sixty-first 
Congress  (March  4,  1909-March  3, 1911).  Reelected 
to  the  Sixty-second  Congress. 

Palmer,  Beriah,  a  Representative  from  New 
York;  native  of  New  York;  attended  the  public 
schools;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and 
practiced ;  member  of  the  state  house  of  represent- 
atives 1792-1795;  elected  to  the  Eighth  Congress 
(March  4,  1803-March  3,  1805). 

Palmer,  Frank  Wayland,  a  Representative 
from  Iowa;  born  in  Manchester,  Ind.,  October  11, 
1827;  moved  with  parents  to  Jamestown,  N.  Y.,  in 
boyhood,  and  was  apprenticed  to  the  Jamestown 
Journal  in  1841;  was  joint  owner  and  subsequently 
sole  proprietor  of  the  Jamestown  Journal  1848- 
1858;  member  of  the  state  assembly  for  two  terms; 
moved  to  Dubuque,  Iowa,  in  1858;  editor  and  one 
of  the  proprietors  of  the  Dubuque  Times;  state 
printer  of  Iowa  1861-1869;  located  in  Des  Moines 
in  1861;  published  and  owned  the  Iowa  State 
Register;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Forty- 
first  and  Forty-second  Congresses  (March  4,  1869- 
March  3,  1873);  moved  to  Chicago,  111.,  in  1873, 
and  purchased  an  interest  in  the  Inter-Ocean  and 
became  its  editor  in  chief;  postmaster  of  Chicago 
1877-1885;  appointed  public  printer,  Government 
printing  office,  Washington,  D.  C.,  in  1897,  and 
served  until  September,  1905;  died  in  Chicago, 
111.,  December  3,  1907. 

Palmer,  George  W.,  a  Representative  from 
New  York;  born  in  Hoosick,  N.  Y.,  January  13, 
1818;  attended  the  common  schools;  studied  law, 
was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  began  practice  in 
Plattsburg,  N.  Y.;  held  several  local  offices; 
elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Thirty-fifth  and 
Thirty-sixth  Congresses  (March  4,  1857-March  3, 
1861);  delegate  to  the  national  Republican  conven- 
tion in  Baltimore  in  1864. 

Palmer,  Henry  Wilber,  a  Representative  from 
Pennsylvania;  born  in  Clifford,  Susquehanna 
county,  Pa.,  July  10,  1839;  attended  Wyoming 
seminary,  Kingston,  Pa.;  Fort  Edward  institute, 
Fort  Edward,  N.  Y.,  and  the  national  law  school  of 
Poughkeepsie,  N.  Y.;  was  graduated  from  the  last- 
named  institution  in  1860;  admitted  to  the  bar  in 
Peekskill,  N.  Y.,  in  1860;  and  in  Wilkes-Barre, 
Pa.,  in  1861;  served  in  the  pay  department  of  the 


906 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 


Union  Army  in  the  Civil  war  in  New  Orleans 
1862-63;  member  of  the  constitutional  convention 
of  Pennsylvania  in  1872-73;  attorney  general  of  the 
state  1879-1883;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the 
Fifty-seventh,  and  to  the  four  succeeding  Con- 
gresses (March  4,  1901-March  3,  1911);  died  in 
Wilkes-Barre,  Pa.,  February  15,  1913. 

Palmer,  John,  a  Representative  from  New 
York;  born  in  Hoosick,  N.  Y.,  in  1785;  completed 
preparatory  studies;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to 
the  bar,  and  began  practice  in  Plattsburg  in  1810; 
held  several  local  offices;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to 
the  Fifteenth  Congress  (March  4,  1817-March  3, 
1819);  reelected  to  the  Twenty-fifth  Congress 
(March  4,  1837-March  3, 1839);  judge  of  the  Clinton 
county  court;  died  in  Plattsburg,  N.  Y.,  December 
8,  1840. 

Palmer,  John  McAuley,  a  Senator  from  Illi- 
nois; born  in  Scott  county,  Ky.,  September  13, 
1817;  moved  with  his  father  to  Christian  county, 
Ky.,  and  to  Madison  county,  111.,  in  1831 ;  attended 
the  common  schools  of  Kentucky  and  Illinois, 
and  entered  Alton  (now  Shurtleff)  college  in  1835, 
where  he  remained  a  year;  taught  school  and 
studied  law  1835-1838;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in 
December,  1839,  and  practiced  in  Carlinville,  111., 
1839-1861;  elected  probate  judge  of  Macoupin 
county  in  1843  and  1847;  member  of  the  state  con- 
stitutional convention  of  1847;  county  judge  1849- 
1852;  state  senator  1852-1854;  resigned  in  1854,  be- 
came an  Independent  candidate,  and  elected  in 
1855;  again  resigned  in  1856;  delegate  in  the  con- 
vention of  1856  in  Philadelphia  which  nominated 
John  C.  Fremont;  elector  on  the  Republican  ticket 
in  1860;  member  of  the  peace  conference  in  Wash- 
ington in  1861;  served  in  the  Civil  war;  colonel  of 
the  fourteenth  Illinois  infantry  May  25,  1861; 
brigadier  general  of  volunteers  December  20,  1861; 
major  general  November  29,  1862;  mustered  out 
September  1,  1866;  located  in  Springfield,  111.,  in 
1867;  Republican  governor  of  Illinois  in  1869- 
1873;  supported  Horace  Greeley  in  1872  and  Sam- 
uel J.  Tilden  in  1876;  delegate  in  the  national 
Democratic  convention  of  1884;  elected  to  the 
United  States  Senate  and  served  from  March  4, 
1891,  to  March  3, 1897 ;  resumed  the  practice  of  law ; 
defeated  candidate  for  President  as  a  Gold  Demo- 
crat in  1896;  died  in  Springfield,  111.,  September 
25,  1900. 

Palmer,  Thomas  Witherell,  a  Senator  from 
Michigan;  born  in  Detroit,  Mich.,  January  25, 
1830;  attended  the  public  schools  and  Thompson's 
academy  in  Palmer,  now  St.  Clair,  Mich.,  and  the 
Michigan  university;  engaged  in  many  manufac- 
turing enterprises  and  in  farming;  served  on  the 
board  of  estimates  of  Detroit  and  as  state  senator 
1879-1880;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  United 
States  Senate,  and  served  from  March  4,  1883,  to 
March  3, 1889;  appointed  United  States  minister  to 
Spain  in  1889  by  President  Harrison,  and  two  years 
later  resigned;  president  of  the  World's  Columbian 
exposition  1890-1893 ;  retired  to  his  Wayne  county 
farm  near  Detroit,  Mich. 

Palmer,  William  Adams,  a  Senator  from  Ver- 
mont; born  in  Hebron,  Conn.,  September  12,  1781; 
completed  preparatory  studies;  studied  law  in 
Hebron  and  Chelsea,  Vt.,  was  admitted  to  the  bar, 
and  practiced  in  Danville,  Vt.;  served  six  years 
as  member  of  the  state  house  of  representatives; 
two  years  as  state  senator;  several  years  as  clerk  of 
the  Caledonia  county  court;  judge  of  the  supreme 
court  1816-1818;  elected  to  the  United  States  Sen- 


ate, to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  the  resignation  of 
James  Fisk,  and  served  from  October  20,  1818,  to 
March  3,  1825;  delegate  to  the  constitutional  con- 
vention in  1828  and  1835;  governor  of  Vermont 
1831-1835;  died  in  Danville,  Vt.,  December  3, 1860. 

Parke,  Benjamin,  a  Delegate  from  Indiana 
Territory;  born  in  New  Jersey  September  2,  1777; 
received  a  limited  schooling;  moved  to  Lexington, 
Ky.,  in  1797;  studied  law,  and  was  admitted  to  the 
bar;  moved  to  Vincennes,  Indiana  Territory,  in 
1801;  attorney  general  of  the  territory  1804-1808; 
representative  in  the  first  territorial  legislature  in 
1805;  elected,  as  a  Democrat,  a  Delegate  to  the 
Ninth  and  Tenth  Congresses,  and  served  from  De- 
cember 12,  1805,  to  March  1,  1808,  when  he  re- 
signed; territorial  judge  1808-1817;  judge  of  the 
United  States  district  court  for  Indiana  1817-1835; 
died  in  Salem,  Ind.,  July  12,  1835. 

Parker,  Abraham  X.,  a  Representative  from 
New  York;  born  in  Granville,  Addison  county,  Vt., 
November  14,  1831;  attended  the  St.  Lawrence 
academy  and  the  Albany  law  school;  was  admitted 
to  the  bar  in  Albany,  N.  Y.,  in  1854,  and  practiced 
in  Potsdam,  N .  Y. ;  served  in  the  New  York  assembly 
1863-1864,  and  as  state  senator  1868-1871;  elector 
on  the  Republican  presidential  ticket  in  1876; 
secretary  of  the  state  normal  school  at  Potsdam; 
elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Forty-seventh, 
Forty-eighth,  Forty-ninth,  and  Fiftieth  Congresses 
(March  4,  1881-March  3,  1889);  First  Assistant 
Attorney  General  September  8,  1890,  to  March  4, 
1893;  returned  to  Potsdam,  N.  Y.,  and  resumed  the 
practice  of  law. 

Parker,  Amasa  Junius,  a  Representative  from 
New  York;  born  in  Sharon,  Conn.,  June  2,  1807; 
moved  with  parents  to  Hudson,  N.  Y.,  in  1816; 
was  graduated  from  Union  college,  New  York,  in 
1825;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  in 
1828  began  practice  in  Delhi,  N.  Y.;  member  of 
the  state  assembly  1833-1834;  regent  of  the  state 
university  in  1835;  held  several  local  offices; 
elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Twenty-fifth  Congress 
(March  4,  1837-March  3,  1839);  vice  chancellor  and 
circuit  judge,  third  circuit,  1844-1847;  justice  of 
the  supreme  court  for  the  third  district  1847-1855; 
appointed  United  States  attorney  for  the  district  of 
New  York  in  1859,  and  was  tendered  the  Russian 
mission  the  same  year,  but  declined  both;  dele- 
gate in  the  state  constitutional  conventions  of  1867 
and  1868;  regent  of  the  University  of  the  state  of 
New  York  1835-1844;  one  of  the  founders  of  the 
Albany,  N.  Y.,  law  school  in  1851;  died  in  Albany, 
N.  Y.,  May  13,  1890. 

Parker,  Andrew,  a  Representative  from  Penn- 
sylvania; born  in  Cumberland  county,  Pa.,  May 
21,  1805;  attended  the  common  schools;  held  sev- 
eral local  offices;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the 
Thirty-second  Congress  (March  4,  1851-March  3, 
1853);  died  in  Mifflintown,  Pa.,  January  15,  1864. 

Parker,  Hosea  Washington,  a  Representative 
from  New  Hampshire;  born  in  Lempster,  N.  H., 
May  30,  1833;  pursued  classical  studies;  studied 
law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  began  practice 
in  1859;  member  of  the  New  Hampshire  state  legis- 
lature 1859-1860;  moved  to  Claremont  in  1860  and 
practiced  his  profession;  delegate  to  the  Demo- 
cratic national  convention  of  1868;  elected  as  a 
Democrat  to  the  Forty-second  and  Forty-third 
Congresses  (March  4,  1871-March  3,  1875). 

Parker,  Isaac,  a  Representative  from  Massa- 
chusetts; born  in  Boston,  Mass.,  June  17,  1768;  was 


BIOGRAPHIES. 


907 


graduated  from  Harvard  college  in  1786;  studied 
law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  began  practice 
in  Castine;  held  several  local  offices;  elected  to  the 
Fifth  Congress  (March  4,  1797-March  3,  1799); 
United  States  marshal  for  the  district  of  Maine; 
moved  to  Portland,  Me.;  chief  justice  of  the  su- 
preme court  of  Maine  1814-1820;  professor  of  law 
in  Harvard  university  1816-1827;  died  in  Boston, 
Mass.,  May  26,  1830. 

Parker,  Isaac  Charles,  a  Representative  from 
Missouri;  born  in  Belmont  county,  Ohio,  October 
15,  1838;  completed  preparatory  studies;  studied 
law  in  Barnesville  academy,  Ohio,  and  after  being 
admitted  to  the  bar  moved  to  Missouri  in  1859  and 
began  practice  in  St.  Joseph;  served  in  the  Union 
Army;  city  attorney  for  St.  Joseph,  Mo.,  1862-1864; 
elected  circuit  attorney  in  1864  and  resigned  in 
1867;  elected  circuit  judge  for  six  years  in  1868,  but 
resigned  in  1870;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the 
Forty-second  and  Forty-third  Congresses  (March  4, 
1871-March  3,  1875);  judge  of  the  United  States 
court  for  western  Arkansas,  and  served  until  his 
death  in  Fort  Smith,  Ark.,  November  17,  1896. 

Parker,  James,  a  Representative  from  Massa- 
chusetts; born  in  Boston,  Mass.,  in  1768;  completed 
preparatory  studies;  studied  medicine  and  began 
practice  in  Gardiner,  Me.  (then  Massachusetts); 
elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Thirteenth  Congress 
(March  4,  1813-March  3,  1815);  reelected  to  the 
Sixteenth  Congress  (March  4,  1819-March  3,  1821); 
died  in  Gardiner,  Me.,  November  9,  1837. 

Parker,  James,  a  Representative  from  New 
Jersey;  born  in  Bethlehem,  N.  J.,  March  3,  1776; 
was  graduated  from  Columbia  College,  New  York, 
in  1793;  moved  to  Comeback,  N.  J.,  in  1797;  served 
eleven  years  as  a  member  of  the  state  house  of 
representatives;  presidential  elector  on  the  Jack- 
son ticket  in  1824;  collector  of  customs  at  Perth 
Amboy,  N.  J.,  1829-1833;  elected  as  a  Democrat 
to  the  Twenty -third  and  Twenty  -  fourth  Con- 
gresses (March  4,  1833-March  3,  1837);  member  of 
the  different  boundary  commissions  to  obtain  a 
settlement  of  the  boundary  question  between  New 
York  and  New  Jersey;  delegate  to  the  constitu- 
tional convention  of  1844;  died  in  Perth  Amboy, 
N.  J.,  April  1,  1868. 

Parker,  John,  a  Delegate  from  South  Carolina; 
born  in  Charleston,  S.  C.,  January  24,  1749;  waa 
graduated  from  the  Middle  Temple,  London,  Eng- 
land, in  1775;  practiced  law  in  Charleston,  S.  C.; 
Delegate  in  the  Continental  Congress  1786-1788; 
died  near  Charleston,  S.  C.,  April  20,  1822. 

Parker,  John  Mason,  a  Representative  from 
New  York;  born  in  Granville,  N.  Y.,  June  14,  1805; 
attended  Granville  academy  and  was  graduated 
from  Middlebury  college,  Vermont,  in  1828; 
studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  in  1833 
began  practice  in  Owego,  N.  Y.;  elected  as  a  Whig 
to  the  Thirty-fourth  and  Thirty-fifth  Congresses 
(March  4,  1855-March  3,  1859);  justice  of  the  su- 
preme court  of  New  York  1859-1873,  and  sat  as  a 
justice  of -the  general  term  of  the  third  department 
1867-1873,  and  as  member  of  the  court  of  appeals; 
died  in  Owego,  N.  Y.,  December  6,  1873. 

Parker,  Josiah,  a  Representative  from  Virginia; 
born  in  Macclesfield,  Isle  of  Wight  county,  Va., 
May  11,  1751;  pursued  preparatory  studies;  mem- 
ber of  the  committee  of  safety  in  1775,  and  of  the 
Virginia  convention  that  held  sessions  in  March, 
July,  and  December  of  that  year;  commissioned 


major  in  the  fifth  Virginia  regiment  February  13, 
1776;  lieutenant  colonel  July  28,  1777,  and  colonel 
April  1,  1778;  served  under  Gen.  Charles  Lee  in 
Virginia  until  the  fall  of  1776,  when  transferred  to 
Washington's  army;  rendered  distinguished  service 
at  the  battles  of  Trenton,  Princeton,  and  the 
Brandy  wine;  resigned  from  the  army  July  12, 1778; 
member  Virginia  house  of  delegates  1780-1781; 
naval  officer  at  Portsmouth,  Va.,  1786;  defeated 
for  delegate  to  the  Virginia  convention  of  1788; 
elected  to  the  first  six  Congresses  (March  4,  1789- 
March  3, 1801);  died  in  Macclesfield,  Va.,  March  18, 
1810. 

Parker,  Nahum,  a  Senator  from  New  Hamp- 
shire; born  in  Shrewsbury,  Mass.,  March  4,  1760; 
participated  in  the  Continental  army  under  Gen- 
eral Gates,  and  in  the  battles  that  resulted  in  the 
capture  of  Burgpyne's  forces  at  Saratoga  in  1777; 
settled  in  Fitzwifliam,  Cheshire  county,  N.  H.,  in 
1786;  member  of  the  board  of  selectmen  1790-1794; 
clerk  and  town  treasurer  1792-1815;  representative 
in  the  state  legislature  1794-1804  and  1806-1807; 
member  of  the  governor's  council  1804-1805; 
elected  to  the  United  States  Senate,  and  served 
from  March  4,  1807,  to  June  1,  1810,  when  he  re- 
signed; justice  of  the  court  of  common  pleas  for 
Cheshire  and  Sullivan  counties  1807-1813;  an  asso- 
ciate justice  of  the  western  circuit  1813-1816; 
judge  of  the  court  of  sessions,  Cheshire  county, 
1821,  and  of  the  court  of  common  pleas,  Hillsbor- 
pugh  county,  1822;  member  of  the  state  senate  and 
its  president  in  1828;  died  in  Fitzwilliam,  N.  H., 
November  12,  1839. 

Parker,  Richard,  a  Representative  from  Vir- 
ginia; born  in  Richmond,  Va.,  December  22,  1810; 
completed  preparatory  studies;  studied  law,  was 
admitted  to  the  bar,  and  began  practice  in  Berry- 
ville,  Va.;  held  several  local  offices;  elected  as  a 
Democrat  to  the  Thirty-first  Congress  (March  4, 
1849-March  3, 1851) ;  elected  judge  of  the  thirteenth 
judicial  circuit  of  Virginia. 

Parker,  Richard  Elliott,  a  Senator  from  Vir- 
ginia; born  in  Rock  Spring,  Westmoreland  county, 
Va.,  December  27,  1783;  attended  the  public 
schools;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and 
practiced;  member  of  the  state  house  of  represen- 
tatives several  terms;  served  as  colonel  of  the 
thirty-fifth  Virginia  regiment  1812-1814;  returned 
to  practice  in  Westmoreland  county;  for  many 
years  judge  of  the  general  court  and  circuit  court 
of  Virginia;  elected  to  the  United  States  Senate,  to 
fill  vacancy  caused  by  the  resignation  of  Benjamin 
W.  Leigh,  and  served  from  December  12,  1836,  to 
March  13,  1837,  when  he  resigned;  elected  by  the 
legislature  of  Virginia  one  of  the  judges  of  the  court 
of  appeals,  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  the  death  of 
Dabney  Carr;  declined  the  position  of  attorney 
general  tendered  by  President  Van  Buren  in  1840  ; 
died  at  the  "Retreat,"  Snickersville,  Va.,  Septem- 
ber 6,  1840. 

Parker,  Richard  Wayne,  a  Representative 
from  New  Jersey;  born  in  Newark,  N.  J.,  August  6, 
1848;  was  graduated  from  Princeton  college  in  1867 
and  from  the  law  school  of  Columbian  college  in 
1869;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  of  New  Jersey  in  1870 
and  practiced  in  Newark;  member  of  house  of  as- 
sembly 1885-1886;  unsuccessful  Republican  can- 
didate for  the  Fifty-third  Congress;  elected  as  a 
Republican  to  the  Fifty-fourth  and  to  the  five  suc- 
ceeding Congresses  (March  4,  1895-March  3,  1905); 
reelected  to  the  Sixtieth  and  Sixty-first  Congresses 
(March  4,  1907-March  3,  1911);  resumed  the  prac- 
tice of  law  in  Newark,  N.  J. 


908 


CONGRESSIONAL   DIEECTORY. 


Parker,  Samuel  W.,  a  Representative  from 
Indiana;  born  in  Jefferson  county,  N.  Y.,  Septem- 
ber 9,  1805;  was  graduated  from  Miami  university, 
Ohio,  in  1828;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the 
bar,  and  began  practice  in  Connersville,  Ind.; 
held  several  local  offices;  member  of  the  state 
house  of  representatives  1836-1841;  state's  attorney 
for  two  years;  elected  as  a  Whig  to  the  Thirty- 
second  and  Thirty-third  Congresses  (March  4, 1851- 
March  3,  1855);  presidential  elector  1844-1856. 

Parker,  Severn  E.,  a  Representative  from  Vir- 
ginia; native  of  Northampton  county,  Va. ;  received 
a  common  school  training;  studied  law,  was  ad- 
mitted to  the  bar,  and  practiced;  held  several  local 
offices,  and  served  a  number  of  years  as  a  member 
of  the  state  house  of  representatives ;  elected  to  the 
Sixteenth  Congress  (March  4,  1819-March  3,  1821); 
died  in  Northampton  county,  Va.,  October  21, 
1836. 

Parker,  William.  Henry,  a  Representative 
from  South  Dakota;  born  in  Keene,  Cheshire 
county,  N.  H.,  May  5,  1847;  served  in  the  Union 
Army  from  June  24,  1861,  to  October  16,  1866; 
resigned  from  the  army  while  stationed  at  Fort 
Kearney,  Nebr.  T.;  was  graduated .  from  the  law 
department  of  Columbian  university  (now  George 
Washington),  Washington,  D.  C.,  in  1868,  and  was 
admitted  to  the  bar  of  the  supreme  court  of  the 
District  of  Columbia;  appointed  collector  of  inter- 
nal revenue  of  Colorado  Territory  by  President 
Grant,  June  24,  1874;  resigned  July,  1876,  upon  his 
appointment  as  assistant  United  States  attorney 
of  Colorado  Territory;  subsequently  appointed 
United  States  attorney  of  Colorado;  moved  to 
Deadwood,  Dak.  T.,  July,  1877,  and  practiced  law; 
member  of  the  constitutional  convention  of  the 
proposed  state  of  South  Dakota,  June  30,  1885; 
elected  a  member  of  the  state  house  of  representa- 
tives in  1889,  and  state's  attorney  of  Lawrence 
county  in  November  1902,  and  1904;  was  elected 
to  the  Sixtieth  Congress,  and  served  from  March  4, 
1907,  until  his  death  in  Deadwood,  S.  Dak.,  June 
26,  1908. 

Parks,  Gorham,  a  Representative  from  Maine; 
born  in  Westfield,  Mass.,  May  27,  1794;  was  grad- 
uated from  Harvard  college  in  1813;  studied  law, 
was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  practiced  in  Bangor, 
Me.;  held  several  local  offices;  elected  as  a  Demo- 
crat to  the  Twenty-third  and  Twenty-fourth  Con- 
gresses (March  4,  1833-March  3,  1837);  United 
States  marshal  for  the  district  of  Maine  1838-1841; 
United  States  attorney  for  the  district  of  Maine  in 
1843,  and  resigned  in  1845  to  become  United  States 
consul  at  Rio  Janeiro,  which  position  he  held  until 
1849;  died  in  Bay  Ridge,  Kings  county,  N.  Y., 
November  23,  1877. 

Parmenter,  William,  a  Representative  from 
Massachusetts;  born  in  Boston,  Mass.,  March  30, 
1789;  completed  preparatory  studies;  held  various 
local  offices;  one  of  the  pioneers  in  the  glass  indus- 
try in  East  Cambridge;  organized  the  New  Eng- 
land Glass  company;  was  president  of  the  Middle- 
sex bank  and  filled  other  positions  of  trust;  elected 
to  the  Twenty-fifth,  Twenty -sixth,  Twenty- 
seventh,  and  Twenty-eighth  Congresses  (March  4, 
1837-March  3,  1845);  naval  officer  at  the  port  of 
Boston  1845-1849;  died  in  East  Cambridge,  Mass., 
February  25,  1866. 

Parrett,  William  Fletcher,  a  Representative 
from  Indiana;  born  near  Blairsville,  Posey  county, 
Ind..  August  10,  1825;  attended  public  schools  and 


Asbury  (now  De  Pauw)  university  in  Greencastle, 
Ind.;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and 
practiced  in  Evansville,  Ind.,  until  1852;  moved 
to  Oregon,  where  he  practiced  law  for  two  years 
and  a  half;  returned  to  Evansville  in  1854  and 
moved  to  Boonville  in  1855;  Democratic  presi- 
dential elector  in  1856;  member  of  the  legislature 
in  1858  and  served  during  the  general  and  special 
sessions;  appointed  and  subsequently  elected  judge 
of  the  fifteenth  circuit  and  served  1859-1865;  re- 
turned to  Evansville;  reelected  circuit  judge  for  a 
term  of  six  years  in  1865;  resigned  and  was  ap- 
pointed judge  of  the  first  circuit  and  three  times 
elected,  1873-1884;  resigned  in  December,  1888; 
elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Fifty-first  and  Fifty- 
second  Congresses  (March  4,  1889-March  3,  1893); 
died  in  Evansville,  Ind.,  June  30,  1895. 

Parris,  Albion  Keith,  a  Representative  from 
Massachusetts  and  a  Senator  from  Maine;  born  in 
Hebron,  Me.,  January  19,  1788;  was  graduated  from 
Dartmouth  college  in  1806;  studied  law,  was  ad- 
mitted to  the  bar,  and  in  1809  began  practice  in 
Paris,  Me.;  prosecuting  attorney  of  Oxford  county 
in  1811;  member  of  the  general  court  in  1813  and 
state  senator  in  1814;  elected  as  a  Democrat  from 
the  then  state  of  Massachusetts  to  the  Fourteenth 
and  Fifteenth  Congresses,  and  .served  from  March  4, 
1815,  to  February  3,  1818,  when  he  resigned;  judge 
of  the  district  court  of  the  United  States,  district 
of  Maine,  1818-1820;  delegate  to  the  state  consti- 
tutional convention  of  1819;  judge  of  probate  for 
Cumberland  county  1820-1821 ;  governor  of  Maine 
five  terms,  1822-1827;  elected  to  the  United  States 
Senate  and  served  from  March  4,  1827,  to  August 
26,  1828,  when  he  resigned;  judge  of  the  supreme 
court  of  Maine  1828-1836;  Second  Comptroller  of 
the  United  States  Treasury  1836-1850;  returned  to 
Portland,  Me.;  mayor  of  the  city  in  1852;  declined 
a  reelection;  was  defeated  candidate  for  governor 
in  1854;  died  in  Portland,  Me.,  February  11,  1857. 

Parris,  Virgil  Delphini,  a  Representative  from 
Maine;  born  in  Buckfield,  Me.,  February  18,  1807; 
completed  preparatory  studies;  studied  law,  was 
admitted  to  the  bar,  and  began  practice  in  Buck- 
field  ;  member  of  the  state  house  of  representatives 
1833-1838;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Twenty- 
fifth  Congress  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  the  death 
of  Timothy  J.  Carter;  reelected  to  the  Twenty- 
sixth  Congress  and  served  from  May  29,  1838,  to 
March  3,  1841;  state  senator  1842-1843,  a  part  of  the 
time  was  president  pro  tempore  and  acting  gov- 
ernor of  the  state;  United  States  marshal  for  the 
district  of  Maine  1844-1848;  died  in  Paris,  Me., 
June  13,  1874. 

Parrish,  Isaac,  a  Representative  from  Ohio; 
native  of  Ohio;  resided  in  Cambridge;  elected  as  a 
Democrat  to  the  Twenty-sixth  Congress  (March  4, 
1839-March  3,  1841);  reelected  to  the  Twenty- 
ninth  Congress  (March  4,  1845-March  3,  1847). 

Parrott,  John  Fabyan,  a  Representative  and  a 
Senator  from  New  Hampshire;  born  in  Portsmouth, 
N.  H.,  August  8,  1767;  attended  the.  common 
schools;  member  of  the  state  house  of  representa- 
tives in  1811;  held  various  local  offices;  defeated  as 
the  war  candidate  for  the  Thirteenth  Congress; 
elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Fifteenth  Congress 
(March  4,  1817-March  3,  1819);  elected  to  the 
United  States  Senate  and  served  from  March  4, 
1819,  to  March  3,  1825;  postmaster  of  Portsmouth, 
N.  H.,  1826;  died  in  Greenland,  N.  H.,  July  9, 
1836. 


BIOGRAPHIES. 


909 


Parrott,  Marcus  Junius,  a  Delegate  from  Kan- 
sas; born  in  Hamburg,  S.  C.,  October  27,  1828;  was 
graduated  from  Dickinson  college,  Pennsylvania, 
in  1849;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and 
began  practice  in  Ohio;  state  representative  1853- 
1854;  moved  to  Kansas  and  located  in  Leaven- 
worth;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Thirty-fifth 
and  Thirty-sixth  Congresses  (March  4, 1857-March 
3,  1861);  died  in  Dayton,  Ohio,  October  4, 1879. 

Parsons,  Edward  Young,  a  Representative 
from  Kentucky;  born  in  Middle  town,  Ky.,  Decem- 
ber 12,  1842;  pursued  classical  studies;  studied  law, 
was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  in  1865  began  prac- 
tice in  Henderson,  Ky.;  moved  to  Louisville; 
elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Forty-fourth  Congress 
and  served  from  March  4,  1875,  until  his  death  in 
Washington,  D.  C.,  July  8,  1876. 

Parsons,  Herbert,  a  Representative  from  New 
York;  born  in  New  York  City,  October  28,  1869; 
attended  private  schools  in  New  York  City;  St. 
Paul's  school,  Concord,  N.  H.;  Yale  university; 
the  University  of  Berlin,  Germany,  and  the  Har- 
vard law  school;  was  graduated  from  Yale  in  1890; 
practiced  law  in  New  York  City;  twice  elected 
alderman  of  the  city  of  New  York,  and  served  four 
years,  1900-1904;  elected  to  the  Fifty-ninth,  Six- 
tieth, and  Sixty-first  Congresses  (March  4,  1905- 
March  3,  1911);  resumed  the  practice  of  law  in 
New  York  City. 

Parsons,  Richard  C.,  a  Representative  from 
Ohio;  born  in  New  London,  Conn.,  October  10, 
1826;  pursued  classical  studies;  moved  to  Ohio  in 
1846;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and 
began  practice  in  1851;  held  various  public  offices 
in  Cleveland,  Ohio;  served  several  terms  in  the 
state  house  of  representatives  and  one  term  as 
speaker;  declined  the  mission  to  Chile  in  1861;  ap- 
pointed consul  at  Rio  Janeiro  and  resigned  in  1862; 
collector  of  internal  revenue  at  Cleveland  for  four 
years;  marshal  of  the  Supreme  Court  of  the  United 
States  1866-1872;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the 
Forty-third  Congress  (March  4,  1873-March  3, 
1875);  defeated  as  the  Republican  candidate  for 
reelection;  resumed  the  practice  of  law  in  Cleve- 
land, Ohio. 

Partridge,  George,  a  Delegate  and  a  Repre- 
sentative from  Massachusetts,  born  in  Duxbury, 
Mass.,  February  8,  1740;  was  graduated  from  Har- 
vard college  in  1762;  taught  school  in  Kingston, 
Mass.,  and  studied  theology;  Delegate  in  the  Pro- 
vincial congress  1774-1775;  member  of  the  general 
court  1775-1779;  sheriff  of  Plymouth  county  1777- 
1812;  Delegate  in  the  Continental  Congress  1779- 
1782  and  1783-1785;  member  of  state  legislature 
1788 ;  elected  to  the  First  Congress  and  served  from 
March  4,  1789,  to  August  14,  1790;  endowed  Par- 
tridge seminary  in  Duxbury;  died  in  Duxbury, 
Mass.,  July  7,  1828. 

Partridge,  Samuel,  a  Representative  from 
New  York;  native  of  New  York;  received  a  limited 
schooling;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Twenty- 
seventh  Congress  (March  4,  1841-March  3,  1843). 

Paschal,  Thomas  M.,  a  Representative  from 
Texas;  born  in  Alexandria,  La.,  December  15, 
1845;  moved  with  his  parents  to  Texas  in  the  spring 
of  1846  and  located  at  San  Antonio;  went  to  Dan- 
ville, Ky.,  and  attended  Center  college;  was  grad- 
uated in  1866;  returned  to  San  Antonio;  studied 
law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1867,  and  practiced ; 
city  attorney  in  1867;  United  States  commissioner 


for  western  district  of  Texas;  judge  of  criminal  dis- 
trict for  San  Antonio  in  1868  and  resigned  same 
year;  moved  to  Castro ville,  Tex.,  in  1870;  district 
attorney  twenty-fourth  district;  moved  to  Brack- 
ett,  King  county,  in  1873,  and  practiced  law  until 
1875,  when  elected  judge  twenty-fourth  judicial 
district;  reelected  in  1880  and  1884;  appointed  by 
Governor  Coke  extradition  agent  between  the 
United  States  and  Mexico  in  1876,  and  reap- 

gointed  by  Governor  Roberts  in  1880;  returned  to 
astroville  in  1885  and  elected  judge  of  the  thirty- 
eighth  judicial  district  in  1888;  elected  as  a  Demo- 
crat to  the  Fifty-third  Congress  (March  4,  1893- 
March  3,  1895);  resumed  the  practice  of  law  in 
Castroville,  Tex. 

Pasco,  Samuel,  a  Senator  from  Florida;  born 
in  London,  England,  June  28,  1834;  came  with  his 
father  to  Charlestown,  Mass.,  in  1844;  was  gradu- 
ated from  the  Charlestown  high  school  in  1854  and 
from  Harvard  college  in  1858;  went  to  Florida  in 
January,  1859,  and  was  principal  of  Waukeenah 
academy,  near  Monticello,  1859-1861;  entered  the 
Confederate  army  as  a  private  in  the  third  Florida 
volunteers  in  July,  1861;  wounded  and  captured 
at  Missionary  Ridge  and  remained  in  prison  till 
March,  1865,  when  paroled;  returned  to  Florida  in 
1865  and  was  again  principal  of  Waukeenah 
academy  1865-1866;  clerk  of  the  circuit  court  of 
Jefferson  county  1866-1868;  admitted  to  the  bar  in 
1868;  Democratic  presidential  elector  in  1880; 
president  of  the  constitutional  convention  of  1885; 
member  of  the  state  house  of  representatives  1886 
and  chosen  speaker  in  April,  1887;  elected  as  a 
Democrat  to  the  United  States  Senate;  was  re- 
elected  and  served  from  March  4,  1887,  to  March  3, 
1899;  was  appointed  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  the 
expiration  of  his  term,  no  successor  having  been 
elected,  and  served  under  this  appointment  from 
March  4,  1899,  to  April  19,  1899;  member  of  the 
Isthmian  canal  commission  1899-1905;  resumed  the 
practice  of  law  in  Monticello,  Fla. 

Paterson,  John,  a  Representative  from  New 
York;  born  in  New  Britain,  Hartford  county,  Conn., 
in  1744 ;  attended  the  common  schools ;  held  several 
local  offices;  completed  preparatory  studies,  and 
was  graduated  from  Yale  college  in  1762;  studied 
law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  practiced 
in  New  Britain  and  in  Lenox,  Mass.;  member  of 
the  Berkshire  convention  of  1774,  and  of  the  general 
court  that  became  the  first  provincial  congress  in 
1774;  raised  a  regiment  and  participated  in  the 
Revolutionary  war;  colonel  of  the  regiment  from 
April  to  December,  1775;  colonel  of  the  Fifteenth 
Continental  infantry  January  1,  1776;  brigadier 
general  February  21,  1777,  and  served  to  the  close 
of  the  war;  brevet  major  general  September  30, 
1783;  after  the  war  returned  to  Lenox,  Mass.,  and 
was  commander  of  the  Massachusetts  troops  in  put- 
ting down  Shay's  rebellino;  moved  to  Lisle, 
Broome  county,  N.  Y.,  in  1790;  member  of  com- 
mittee to  revise  the  constitution  of  the  state  of  New 
York  in  1801;  elected  to  the  Eighth  Congress 
(March  4,  1803-March  3,  1805);  chief  justice  of 
Broome  county  until  his  death  in  Lisle,  N.  Y., 
July  19,  1808. 

Paterson,  William,  a  Senator  from  New  Jersey; 
born  in  Antrim,  Ireland,  December  24,  1745;  came 
with  parents  to  Philadelphia,  Pa.,  in  1747;  moved 
with  them  to  Trenton  and  to  Princeton,  N.  J.,  in 
1750;  was  graduated  from  Princeton  college  in  1763; 
studied  law,  and  in  1769  began  practice;  delegate 
to  the  state  constitutional  convention  in  1776; 


910 


CONGRESSIONAL   DIEECTOEY. 


attorney  general  of  New  Jersey  1776-1783,  when 
he  resigned;  elected  a  delegate  to  the  Continental 
Congress  1780,  but  did  not  serve,  owing  to  his  duties 
as  attorney  general;  member  of  the  New  Jersey 
convention  that  ratified  the  Federal  Constitution 
in  1787;  elected  to  the  United  States  Senate  and 
served  from  March  4,  1789,  to  March  2,  1790,  when 
he  resigned;  governor  of  New  Jersey  1791-1793; 
justice  of  the  Supreme  Court  of  the  United  States 
and  served  from  March  4,  1793,  until  his  death  in 
Albany,  N.  Y.,  September  9,  1806. 

Patten,  John  D.,  a  Representative  from  Penn- 
sylvania; was  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Forty- 
eighth  Congress  (March  4,  1883-March  3,  1885). 

Patterson,  David  Trotter,  a  Senator  from 
Tennessee;  born  in  Greene  county,  Tenn.,  Febru- 
ary 28,  1818;  attended  the  common  schools;  studied 
law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  practiced;  en- 
gaged in  manufacturing;  elected  a  judge  of  the  cir- 
cuit court  in  1854  and  1862;  elected  as  a  conserva- 
tive to  the  United  States  Senate  and  served  from 
May  4,  1865,  to  March  3,  1869;  died  in  Afton,  near 
Greenville,  Tenn.,  November  3,  1891. 

Patterson,  George  Robert,  a  Representative 
from  Pennsylvania;  born  in  Lewistown,  Mifflin 
county,  Pa.,  November  9,  1863;  attended  public 
schools  and  Lewistown  (Pa.)  academy;  engaged  in 
mercantile  pursuits  in  1880;  elected  as  a  Repub- 
lican to  the  Fifty-seventh,  Fifty-eighth,  and  Fifty- 
ninth  Congresses  and  served  from  March  4,  1901, 
until  his  death  in  Washington,  D.  C.,  March  21, 
1906. 

Patterson,  George  W.,  a  Representative  from 
New  York;  born  in  Londonderry,  N.  H.,  Novem- 
ber 11,  1799;  completed  preparatory  studies;  set- 
tled in  Leicester,  N.  Y.,  in  1825,  and  engaged  in 
farming  and  the  manufacture  of  farming  imple- 
ments; held  several  local  offices;  eight  years  a  mem- 
ber of  the  state  legislature;  two  years  speaker  of 
the  house;  moved  to  Chautauqua,  N.  Y.,  in  1841; 
delegate  to  the  national  Republican  conventions 
of  1856  and  1860;  elected  lieutenant  governor  of 
New  York  in  1848;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the 
Forty-fifth  Congress  (March  4, 1877-March  3,  1879). 

Patterson,  Gilbert  Brown,  a  Representative 
from  North  Carolina;  born  near  Maxton,  N.  C.,  May 
29,  1863;  prepared  for  college  in  the  Laurinburg 
high  school,  North  Carolina,  and  was  graduated 
from  the  University  of  North  Carolina  in  1C86;  read 
law  in  the  University  of  North  Carolina;  admitted 
to  the  bar  September,  1890;  was  elected  to  the  leg- 
islature of  North  Carolina  in  1898  and  1900;  elected 
to  the  Fifty-eighth  and  Fifty-ninth  Congresses 
(March  4,  1903-March  3,  1907);  resumed  the  prac- 
tice of  law  in  Maxton,  N.  C. 

Patterson,  James  O'Hanlon,  a  Representative 
from  South  Carolina;  born  in  Barn  well,  S.  C.,  June 
25,  1857;  attended  private  schools  in  Barn  well 
and  in  Augusta,  Ga. ;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to 
the  bar  in  May,  1886;  twice  elected  probate  judge 
of  Barn  well  county ;  member  of  the  South  Carolina 
legislature  in  1898-1904;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to 
to  the  Fifty-ninth,  Sixtieth,  and  Sixty-first  Con- 
gresses (March  4,  1905-March  3, 1911);  resumed  the 
practice  of  law  in  Barnwell,  S.  C. 

Patterson,  James  Willis,  a  Representative 
and  Senator  from  New  Hampshire;  born  in  Hen- 
niker,  N.  H.,  July  2,  1823;  pursued  classical 
studies,  and  was  graduated  from  Dartmouth  col- 
lege; professor  in  Dartmouth  1854-1865;  held  sev- 


eral local  offices;  member  of  the  state  house  of 
representatives  in  1862;  elected  as  a  Republican 
to  the  Thirty-eighth  and  Thirty-ninth  Congresses 
(March  4,  1863-March  3,  1867);  elected  to  the 
United  States  Senate  and  served  from  March  4, 
1867,  to  March  3, 1873;  again  a  professor  in  Dart- 
mouth college ;  again  a  member  of  the  state  house  of 
representatives  1877-1878;  appointed  state  superin- 
tendent of  public  instruction  from  1885-1893;  died 
in  Hanover,  N.  H.,  May  4,  1893. 

Patterson,  John,  a  Representative  from  Ohio; 
born  in  Ireland,  February  10,  1771;  came  with 
parents  in  youth  to  the  United  States  and  located 
in  St.  Clairsville,  Ohio;  attended  public  schools, 
and  became  a  merchant;  first  mayor  of  St.  Clairs- 
ville; member  of  the  state  general  assembly  in 
1807-1808;  associate  judge  of  the  court  of  common 
pleas  of  Belmont  county  February,  1818-February, 
1821;  was  elected  to  the  Eighteenth  Congress 
(March  4,  1823-March  3,  1825);  died  in  St.  Claira- 
ville,  Ohio,  Febiuary  7,  1848. 

Patterson,  John  James,  a  Senator  from  South 
Carolina;  born  in  Waterloo,  Juniata  county,  Pa., 
August  8,  1830;  was  graduated  from  Jefferson  col- 
lege, Pennsylvania,  in  1848;  engaged  in  newspaper 
work;  for  ten  years  editor  of  the  Harrisburg  Tele- 
graph; engaged  in  banking;  served  several  terms 
as  a  member  of  the  state  house  of  representatives; 
served  as  a  colonel  in  the  Union  army  during  the 
Civil  war;  moved  to  South  Carolina  in  1869; 
elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  United  States  Sen- 
ate and  served  from  March  4, 1873,  to  March  3, 1879; 
engaged  in  the  construction  of  electric  railways  and 
electric-lighting  plants;  with  residence  in  Mifflin- 
town,  Pa.,  and  died  there  Septemer  28,  1912. 

Patterson,  John  O'Hanlon,  a  Representative 
from  South  Carolina;  born  in  Barnwell,  S.  C.,  June 
25,  1857;  attended  the  private  schools  in  Barnwell 
and  in  Augusta,  Ga.;  studied  law  and  was  ad- 
mitted to  the  bar  in  May,  1886;  twice  elected  pro- 
bate judge  of  Barnwell  county,  and  was  a  member 
of  the  South  Carolina  legislature  in  1898, 1899, 1900, 
1901,  1902,  1903,  and  1904;  was  elected  to  the 
Fifty-ninth,  Sixtieth,  and  Sixty-first  Congresses 
(March  4,  1905-March  3,  1911);  died  in  Barnwell, 
S.  C.,  November  25,  1911. 

Patterson,  Josiah,  a  Representative  from  Ten- 
nessee; born  in  Morgan  county,  Ala.,  April  14, 1837; 
brought  up  on  a  farm;  attended  the  old  field  schools, 
and  for  two  years  the  Somerville  academy;  read 
law  and  was  admitted  to  practice  in  April,  1859; 
entered  the  Confederate  army  in  September,  1861, 
as  first  lieutenant  in  the  first  Alabama  cavalry,  and 
in  May,  1862,  promoted  to  the  rank  of  captain;  in 
December,  1862,  promoted  to  the  rank  of  colonel 
and  assigned  to  the  command  of  the  fifth  Alabama 
cavalry;  commanded  a  brigade  of  cavalry  during 
the  last  year  of  the  war;  surrendered  the  fifth  Ala- 
bama cavalry  May  19,  1865;  returned  to  the  prac- 
tice of  law;  located  in  Florence,  Ala.,  in  January, 
1867,  and  in  Memphis,  Tenn.,  in  March,  1872; 
elected  to  the  lower  branch  of  the  state  legislature 
in  1882;  elector  on  the  Democratic  ticket  in  1888; 
elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Fifty-second,  Fifty- 
third,  and  Fifty-fourth  Congresses  (March  4,  1891- 
March  3,  1897);  defeated  for  the  Fifty-fifth  Con- 
gress as  a  Gold  Democrat;  died  in  Memphis,  Tenn., 
February  10,  1904. 

Patterson,  Malcolm  Rice,  a  Representative 
from  Tennessee;  born  in  Somerville,  Ala.,  June  7, 
1861;  was  graduated  from  the  Christian  Brothers' 


BIOGRAPHIES. 


911 


college,  Memphis,  and  subsequently  took  a  special 
library  course  at  Vanderbilt  university,  Nashville; 
studied  law  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1883, 
and  practiced  in  Memphis,  Tenn.;  elected  district 
attorney  for  Shelby  county  in  1894  for  eight  years; 
resigned  September  10,  1900;  elected  as  a  Demo- 
crat to  the  Fifty-seventh,  Fifty-eighth,  and  Fifty- 
ninth  Congresses,  and  served  from  March  4,  1901, 
to  November  5,  1906,  when  he  resigned;  gover- 
mor  of  Tennessee  1906  and  1908;  resumed  the  prac- 
tice of  law  in  Memphis,  Tenn. 

Patterson,  Thomas,  a  Representative  from 
Pennsylvania;  born  in  Lancaster  county,  Pa.,  Oc- 
tober 1,  1764;  completed  preparatory  studies; 
moved  to  West  Middletowri,  Pa.;  held  several  local 
offices;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Fifteenth, 
Sixteenth,  Seventeenth,  and  Eighteenth  Con- 
gresses (March  4,  1817-March  3,  1825);  died  in 
West  Middletown,  Pa.,  November  17,  1841. 

Patterson,  Thomas  J.,  a  Representative  from 
New  York;  native  of  New  York;  attended  the  pub- 
lic schools;  elected  as  a  Whig  to  the  Twenty-eighth 
Congress  (March  4,  1843-March  3,  1845). 

Patterson,  Thomas  MacDonald,  a  Delegate, 
a  Representative,  and  a  Senator  from  Colorado; 
born  in  county  Carlow,  Ireland,  November  4,  1840, 
and  with  his  parents  came  to  the  United  States  in 
1849;  attended  the  common  schools  in  New  York 
City  and  Astoria,.  Long  Island;  moved  to  Craw- 
fordsville,  Ind.,  in  1853;  worked  in  printing  office 
there  three  years,  and  at  the  bench  as  a  watch- 
maker and  jeweler  for  five  years;  entered  Asbury, 
now  De  Pauw,  university,  Greencastle,  Ind.,  in 
1862,  and  later  Wabash  college,  Crawfordsville, 
Ind.;  moved  to  Denver  in  1872;  elected  city  attor- 
ney in  the  spring  of  1874 ;  elected  the  last  Delegate 
to  Congress  in  1874,  and  elected  as  a  Democrat  to 
the  Forty-fourth  Congress  in  1876;  refused  to  sup- 
port Cleveland  for  President  in  1892,  and  aided  in 
carrying  Colorado  for  General  Weaver;  united  with 
the  People's  party  in  1893,  and  was  a  delegate  to 
the  Populist  national  convention  in  1896;  Bryan 
presidential  elector  in  1896  and  again  in  1900;  per- 
manent chairman  of  the  national  Populist  conven- 
tion of  1900;  elected  to  the  United  States  Senate 
January,  1901,  by  the  joint  votes  of  Democrats, 
Silver  Republicans,  and  Populists,  and  served  from 
March  4,  1901,  to  March  3,  1907;  resumed  news- 
paper work  in  Denver,  Colo. 

Patterson,  Walter,  a  Representative  from  New 
York;  native  of  Columbia  county,  N.  Y.;  com- 

Eleted  preparatory  studies;  member  of  the  state 
ouse  of  representatives  in  1818;  elected  to  the 
Seventeenth   Congress   (March  4,    1821-March   3, 
1823);  county  judge  of  Columbia  county  1828-1829. 

Patterson,  William,  a  Representative  from 
Ohio;  native  of  Maryland;  moved  to  Mansfield, 
Ohio;  completed  preparatory  studies;  studied  law, 
was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  practiced;  held  sev- 
eral local  offices;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the 
Twenty-third  and  Twenty-fourth  Congresses 
(March  4,  1833-March  3,  1837). 

Patterson,  William,  a  Representative  from 
New  York;  born  in  Londonderry,  N.  H.,  June  4, 
1789;  attended  the  common  schools;  in  1815  moved 
to  Rensslaerville,  Albany  county,  N.  Y.;  moved  to 
Lyons,  Wayne  county  in  1816 ;  engaged  in  the  manu- 
facture and  sale  of  fanning  mills;  moved  to  a  farm 
near  Warsaw,  N.  Y.,  in  1822,  and  engaged  in  agri- 
cultural pursuits;  located  in  Warsaw,  N.  Y.,  in 


1837;  held  several  local  offices;  elected  as  a  Whig  to 
the  Twenty-fifth  Congress  and  served  from  March 
4,  1837,  until  his  death,  in  Warsaw,  N.  Y.,  August 
14,  1838. 

Pattison,  John  M.,  a  Representative  from 
Ohio;  born  in  Clermont  county,  Ohio,  June  13, 
1847;  entered  the  Union  Army  in  1864;  was  grad- 
uated from  the  Ohio  Wesleyan  university  at  Dela- 
ware, Ohio,  in  1869;  admitted  to  the  bar  of  Hamil- 
ton county,  Cincinnati,  in  1872;  elected  to  the  state 
legislature  in  1873;  attorney  for  the  committee  of 
safety  of  Cincinnati  1874-1876;  elected  vice  presi- 
dent and  manager  of  the  Union  Central  life  insur- 
ance company  of  Cincinnati  in  1881,  and  president 
in  1891 ;  elected  state  senator  to  fill  va*cancy  caused 
by  the  death  of  Judge  Ashburn,  February,  1890; 
elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Fifty-second  Congress 
(March  4,  1893-March  3,  1895);  governor  of  Ohio 
in  1905;  died  in  Cincinnati,  Ohio,  June  18,  1906. 

Patton,  David  H.,  a  Representative  from  In- 
diana; born  in  Fleming  county,  Ky.,  November 
26,  1837;  attended  the  Collegiate  institute  at  Wave- 
land,  Ind.;  enlisted  in  the  thirty-eighth  Indiana 
regiment  in  1861,  attaining  the  rank  of  colonel; 
was  graduated  from  the  Chicago  medical  college  in 
1867;  practiced  medicine  in  Remington,  Ind.; 
elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Fifty-second  Congress 
(March  4, 1891-March  3, 1893);  moved  to  Oklahoma 
and  resumed  the  practice  of  medicine. 

Patton,  John,  a  Delegate  and  a  Representative 
from  Delaware;  born  in  Kent  county,  Del.,  April 
26,  1746;  attended  the  common  schools;  served  in 
the  Revolutionary  Army;  Delegate  in  the  Conti- 
nental Congress  1785-1786;  elected  to  the  Third 
Congress  and  served  until  February  14,  1794,  when 
he  was  succeeded  by  William  Latimer,  who  con- 
tested his  election;  reelected  to  the  Fourth  Con- 
gress (March  4,  1795-March  3, 1797);  died  in  Dover, 
Del.,  December  26,  1800. 

Patton,  John,  a  Representative  from  Pennsyl- 
vania; born  in  Covington,  Tioga  county,  Pa.,  Jan- 
uary 6,  1823;  moved  to  Curwensville,  Clearfield 
county,  Pa.,  in  1828;  attended  the  common  schools; 
engaged  in  mercantile  pursuits  and  in  lumbering 
1844-1860;  organized  the  First  National  bank  of 
Curwensville  in  1864  and  elected  its  president; 
organized  the  Curwensville  bank,  which  succeeded 
the  First  National,  and  was  elected  its  president; 
delegate  to  the  Whig  national  convention  in  Balti- 
more in  1852  and  to  the  Republican  national  con- 
vention in  Chicago  in  1860;  elected  as  a  Republican 
to  the  Thirty-seventh  Congress  (March  4,  1861- 
March  3,  1863);  presidential  elector  in  1864,  and 
elected  to  the  Fiftieth  Congress  (March  4,  1887- 
March  3,  1889);  died  in  Philadelphia,  Pa.,  Decem- 
ber 23,  1897;  interment  in  Curwensville,  Pa. 

Patton,  John,  jr.,  a  Senator  from  Michigan; 
born  in  Curwensville,  Clearfield  county,  Pa.,  Oc- 
tober 30,  1850;  prepared  for  college  at  Phillips 
academy,  Andover,  Mass.;  was  graduated  from 
Yale  college  in  1875;  was  graduated  from  the  Co- 
lumbia law  school,  New  York  City,  in  1877;  moved 
to  Grand  Rapids,  Mich.,  in  1878,  and  practiced 
law;  member  of  Republican  state  committee  1884- 
1886;  president  state  league  of  Republican  clubs; 
appointed  to  the  United  States  Senate,  to  fill  va- 
cancy caused  by  the  death  of  Francis  B.  Stock- 
bridge,  and  served  from  May  5,  1894,  to  January  15, 
1895;  member  board  of  library  commissioners  of 
Grand  Rapids;  died  in  Grand  Rapids,  Mich.,  May 
24,  1907. 


912 


CONGRESSIONAL   DIRECTOEY. 


Patton,  John  Mercer,  a  Representative  from 
Virginia;  born  in  Virginia  in  1796;  attended  Prince- 
ton college,  and  was  graduated  from  the  medical 
department  of  the  University  of  Pennsylavnia  in 
1818,  but  never  practiced;  studied  law,  was  ad- 
mitted to  the  bar,  and  began  practice  in  Freder- 
icksburg,  Va. ;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Twenty- 
first  Congress,  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  the  death 
of  Philip  P.  Barbour;  was  reelected  to  the  four 
succeeding  Congresses,  and  served  from  May  31, 
1830,  to  March  3,  1839;  moved  to  Richmond,  Va., 
and  resumed  practice;  judge  of  the  court  of  appeals 
of  Virginia;  died  in  Richmond,  Va.,  October  29, 
1858. 

Paul,  John,  a  Representative  from  Virginia; 
born  in  Rockingham  county,  Va.,  June  30,  1839; 
attended  the  common  schools;  entered  Roanoke 
college,  Virginia,  in  the  fall  of  1860,  but  left  in 
April,  1861,  and  entered  the  Confederate  army  as 
a  lieutenant  in  the  first  Virginia  cavalry,  and 
served  during  the  war;  after  the  war  studied  law 
in  the  University  of  Virginia,  and  was  graduated 
in  1867;  commonwealth  attorney  of  Rockingham 
county  1870-1877;  member  of  the  state  senate  1877- 
1881;  elected  as  a  Readjuster  to  the  Forty-seventh 
and  Forty-eighth  Congresses,  and  served  from 
March  4,  1881,  to  May  5,  1884,  when  he  was  suc- 
ceeded by  Charles  T.  O'Ferrall,  who  contested  his 
election;  appointed  judge  of  the  United  States 
district  court  for  the  western  district  of  Virginia 
by  President  Arthur;  died  in  Harrisonburg,  Va., 
November  1,  1901. 

Paulding,  William,  a  Representative  from  New 
York;  born  in  Tarrytown,  N.  Y.,  March  7,  1770 
completed  preparatory  studies;  studied  law,  was 
admitted  to  the  bar,  and  began  practice  in  New 
York  City ;  delegate  to  the  state  constitutional  con- 
vention in  1821;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the 
Twelfth  Congress  (March  4,  1811-March  3,  1813); 
served  in  the  war  of  1812;  mayor  of  New  York  City 
1824-1826;  died  in  Tarrytown,  N.  Y.,  February  11, 
1854. 

Pawling,  Levi,  a  Representative  from  Pennsyl- 
vania; was  elected  to  the  Fifteenth  Congress  (March 
4,  1817-March  3,  1819). 

Payne,  Henry  B.,  a  Representative  and  Sena- 
tor from  Ohio;  born  in  Hamilton,  Madison  county, 
N.  Y.,  November  30,  1810;  was  graduated  from 
Hamilton  college  in  1832;  studied  law,  was  ad- 
mitted to  the  bar,  and  practiced  in  Cleveland, 
Ohio,  1834-1846;  member  of  the  state  senate  1849- 
1851;  Democratic  candidate  for  the  United  States 
senatorship  in  the  protracted  contest  of  1851,  and 
for  governor  against  Salmon  P.  Chase  in  1857; 
presidential  elector  in  1848;  delegate  to  the 
Democratic  national  conventions  of  1856,1860,  and 
1872;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Forty-fourth 
Congress  (March  4,  1875-^March  3,  1877);  member 
of  the  Electoral  commission  in  1876;  candidate  for 
the  Democratic  presidential  nomination  in  1880 
and  1884;  elected  to  the  United  States  Senate  and 
served  from  March  4,  1885,  to  March  3,  1891;  died 
in  Cleveland,  Ohio,  September  9,  1896. 

Payne,  Sereno  Elisha,  a  Representative  from 
New  York;  born  in  Hamilton,  Madison  county, 
N.  Y.,  June  26,  1843;  attended  the  Auburn  acad- 
emy and  was  graduated  from  the  university  of 
Rochester  in  1864;  studied  law  and  was  admitted 
to  the  bar  in  1866,  and  practiced  in  Auburn,  N.  Y.; 
city  clerk  of  Auburn  1867-1868,  supervisor  1871- 
1872;  district  attorney  of  Cayuga  county  1873-1879; 


president  of  the  board  of  education  of  Auburn  1879- 
1882;  appointed  a  member  of  the  American-British 
joint  high  commission  in  January,  1899;  elected  as 
a  Republican  to  the  Forty-eighth  and  Forty-ninth 
Congresses  (March  4, 1883-March  3, 1887);  reelected 
to  the  Fifty-first  and  to  the  ten  succeeding  Con- 
gresses (March  4,  1889-March  3,  1911).  Reelected  to 
the  Sixty-second  Congress. 

Payne,  William  Winter,  a  Representative  from 
Alabama;  born  in  Fauquier  county,  Va.,  January 
2,  1805;  completed  preparatory  studies;  moved  to 
Franklin  county,  Ala.,  in  1825;  represented  Frank- 
lin county  in  the  state  legislature  in  1831,  and 
moved  to  Sumter  county;  elected  a  representative 
1834-1838;  defeated  candidate  for  the  state  senate 
in  1839;  again  elected  co  the  state  house  in  1840; 
elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Twenty-seventh, 
Twenty-eighth,  and  Twenty-ninth  Congresses 
(March  4,  1841-March  3,  1847);  defeated  for  reelec- 
tion to  the  Thirtieth  Congress;  returned  to  Virginia 
in  1847  and  engaged  in  farming  and  planting  near 
Warrenton;  chairman  of  the  Democratic  state  con- 
vention in  Richmond  in  1859;  died  in  Warrenton, 
Va.,  September  2,  1874. 

Paynter,  Lemuel,  a  Representative  from  Penn- 
sylvania; born  in  Delaware  in  1788;  attended  the 
common  schools;  moved  to  Philadelphia,  Pa.; 
served  in  the  war  of  1812  and  became  major,  and 
lieutenant  colonel  of  the  ninety-third  regiment  of 
Pennyslvania  militia;  held  various  local  positions; 
state  senator  in  1833;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the 
Twenty-fifth  and  Twenty-sixth  Congresses  (March 
4,  1837-March  3,  1841);  died  in  Philadelphia,  Pa., 
August  1,  1863. 

Paynter,  Thomas  H.,  a  Representative  and  a 
Senator  from  Kentucky;  born  in  Lewis  county, 
Ky.,  December  9,  1851;  attended  the  common 
schools,  Rand's  academy,  and  Center  college, 
Danville,  Ky.;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the 
bar  in  1872,  and  engaged  in  practice  in  Greenup, 
Ky.;  appointed  county  attorney  for  Greenup 
county  by  appointment  1876-1878  and  by  election 
1878-1882;  elected  to  the  Fifty-first,  Fifty-second, 
and  Fifty-third  Congresses  and  served  from  March 
4,  1889,  to  January  3,  1895,  when  he  resigned; 
judge  of  the  court  of  appeals  of  Kentucky  1895-1906 
when  he  resigned;  was  elected  to  the  United 
States  Senate  for  the  term  beginning  March  4, 
1907. 

Payson,  Lewis  Edwin,  a  Representative  from 
Illinois;  born  in  Providence,  R.  I.,  September  17, 
1840;  moved  to  Illinois  in  1852;  attended  the  com- 
mon schools  and  Lombard  university,  Galesburg, 
111.;  studied  law  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in 
Ottawa,  111.,  in  1862;  moved  to  Pontiac,  111.,  in 
January,  1865,  and  practiced  law;  judge  of  county 
court  1869-1873;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the 
Forty-seventh  and  to  the  four  succeeding  Con- 
gresses (March  4,  1881-March  3,  1891);  died  in 
Washington,  D.  C.,  October  4,  1909. 

Peabody,  Nathaniel,  a  Delegate  from  New 
Hampshire;  born  in  Topsfield,  Essex  county, 
Mass.,  March  1,  1741;  completed  preparatory 
studies;  studied  medicine  and  began  practice  in 
Plaistow,  N.  H.,  in  1761;  resigned  a  royal  commis- 
sion to  enter  the  Revolutionary  Army;  served  at 
the  capture  of  Fort  William  and  Mary,  New  Castle, 
Del. ;  elected  a  member  of  the  committee  on  safety 
and  its  chairman  January  10,  1776;  adjutant  gen- 
eral of  the  New  Hampshire  militia  July  19,  1777, 


BIOGEAPHIES. 


913 


and  commanded  a  brigade  in  Rhode  Island  in 
1779;  Delegate  in  the  Continental  Congress  1779- 
1780;  member  of  the  state  constitutional  conven- 
tion 1782-1783;  was  again  elected  to  the  Conti- 
nental Congress  in  1786,  but  did  not  take  his  seat; 
served  eight  years  as  a  member  of  the  state  legis- 
lature and  one  year  as  speaker;  major  general  of 
militia  1793-1798;  was  confined  in  a  debtor's  prison 
for  some  time;  died  in  Exeter,  N.  H.,  June  27, 
1823. 

Pearce,  Charles  Edward,  a  Representative 
from  Missouri;  born  in  Whitesboro,  Oneida  county, 
N.  Y.,  May  29,  1842,  and  subsequently  became  a 
resident  of  the  city  of  Auburn,  N.  Y.;  attended 
Fairfield  seminary  and  was  graduated  from  Union 
college  in  1863;  enlisted  in  the  Union  Army;  com- 
missioned captain,  battery  D,  sixteenth  New  York 
heavy  artillery,  in  1863;  promoted  to  the  rank  of 
major  in  June,  1864;  appointed  to  the  staff  of  Maj. 
Gen.  A.  H.  Terry  after  the  capture  of  Fort  Fisher, 
and  on  the  occupation  of  Wilmington  detailed  as 
provost  marshal  general  of  the  eastern  district  of 
North  Carolina;  resigned  from  the  army  in  the  fall 
of  1865;  settled  in  St.  Louis,  Mo.,  in  1866,  where  he 
studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  began 
practice  in  1867;  delegate  to  the  Republican  na- 
tional convetnion  in  1888;  appointed  chairman 
Sioux  Indian  commission  in  1891;  elected  as  a  Re- 
publican to  the  Fifty-fifth  and  Fifty-sixth  Con- 
gresses (March  4,  1897-March  3,  1901);  died  in  St. 
Louis,  Mo.,  January  30,  1902. 

Pearce,  Dutee  Jerauld,  a  Representative 
from  Rhode  Island;  born  on  the  island  of  Pru- 
dence, R.  I.,  April  10,  1789;  was  graduated  from 
Brown  university  in  1808;  studied  law,  was  ad- 
mitted to  the  bar,  and  began  practice  in  Newport, 
R.  I.;  held  various  local  offices;  attorney  general 
of  Rhode  Island  1819-1825;  presidential  elector  on 
the  Monroe  ticket  in  1821;  several  years  a  member 
of  the  state  house  of  representatives;  elected  as  a 
Democrat  to  the  Nineteenth  and  to  the  five  suc- 
ceeding Congresses  (March  4,  1825-March  3,  1837); 
died  in  Newport,  R.  I.,  May  9,  1849. 

Pearce,  James  Alfred,  a  Representative  and  a 
Senator  from  Maryland;  born  in  Alexandria,  Va., 
December  8,  1804;  was  graduated  from  Princeton 
college  in  1822;  studied  law  and  was  admitted  to 
the  bar,  and  in  1824  began  practice  in  Cambridge, 
Md.;  moved  to  Louisiana  in  1823  and  engaged  in 
planting;  returned  to  Kent  county,  Md.,  and  re- 
sumed the  practice  of  law  in  Chestertown;  served  in 
the  state  house  of  representatives  in  1831;  elected 
to  the  Twenty-fourth  and  Twenty-fifth  Congresses 
(March  4,  1835-March  3,  1839);  defeated  for  re- 
election to  the  Twenty-sixth  Congress;  elected  as 
a  Whig  to  the  Twenty-seventh  Congress  (March  4, 
1841-March  3,  1843);  elected  as  a  Whig  to  the 
United  States  Senate  in  1843  and  four  times  re- 
elected  (the  last  time  as  a  Democrat),  and  served 
from  March  4,  1843,  until  his  death  in  Chester- 
town,  Md.,  December  20,  1862. 

Pearce,  John  Jameson,  a  Representative 
from  Pennsylvania;  born  in  Wilkes-Barre,  Pa., 
February  28,  1826;  completed  preparatory  studies; 
ordained  a  minister  in  the  Methodist  Episcopal 
church  when  18  years  of  age;  continued  in  the  min- 
istry as  a  member  of  the  Wyoming  and  Philadel- 
phia conferences  until  1854;  elected  as  a  Whig  to 
the  Thirty -fourth  Congress  (March  4,  1855-March 
3,  1857);  declined  a  reelection;  moved  to  Con- 
neaut,  Ohio. 

50346°— S.  Doc.  654,  61-2 58 


Pearre,  George  Alexander,  a  Representa- 
tive from  Maryland;  born  in  Cumberland,  Md., 
July  16,  1860;  attended  private  schools;  Allegany 
county  academy  in  Cumberland;  St.  James  college 
near  Hagerstown,  Md.;  Princeton  college,  and  was 
graduated  from  the  University  of  West  Virginia  in 
1880;  studied  law  for  a  year;  was  graduated  from  the 
law  school  of  Maryland  university  in  Baltimore; 
admitted  to  the  bar  in  1882;  in  1887  began  practice 
in  Cumberland,  Md.;  state  senator  1890-1892; 
prosecuting  attorney  1895-1899;  elected  to  the 
Fifty-sixth  and  to  the  five  succeeding  Congresses 
(March  4,  1901-March  3,  1911);  resumed  the  prac- 
tice of  law  in  Cumberland,  Md. 

Pearson,  Albert  Jackson,  a  Representative 
from  Ohio;  born  in  Centerville,  Belmont  county, 
Ohio,  May  20,  1846;  moved  with  his  parents,  at  an 
early  age,  to  Beallsville,  Monroe  county,  Ohio; 
attended  the  common  schools  and  normal  school 
at  Lebanon,  Ohio;  private  soldier  in  company  I, 
one  hundred  and  eighty-sixth  Ohio  volunteer  in- 
fantry during  the  Civil  war;  read  law,  was  ad- 
mitted to  the  bar  in  September,  1868,  and  began 
practice  in  Woodfield,  Ohio;  prosecuting  attorney 
of  Monroe  county  for  three  successive  terms;  mem- 
ber of  the  state  senate  two  years;  probate  judge  of 
Monroe  county  six  years;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to 
the  Fifty-second  and  Fifty-third  Congresses 
(March  4,  1891-March  3,  1895);  died  in  Woodfield, 
Ohio,  May  15,  1905. 

Pearson,  John  James,  a  Representative  from 
Pennsylvania;  born  in  Delaware  county,  Pa., 
October  25,  1800;  attended  the  common  schools; 
a  grammar  boarding  school;  studied  law,  was  ad- 
mitted to  the  bar  in  August,  1822,  and  practiced 
in  Mercer  county ;  elected  as  a  Whig  to  the  Twenty- 
fourth  Congress  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  the 
resignation  of  John  Banks,  and  served  from  Decem- 
ber 5,  1836,  to  March  3,  1837;  member  of  the 
state  senate  1838-1842;  appointed  president  judge 
of  Dauphin  and  Lebanon  counties,  Pa.,  April  7, 
1849,  and  served  until  January,  1882;  died  in 
Harrisburg,  Pa.,  May  30,  1888. 

Pearson,  Joseph,  a  Representative  from  North 
Carolina;  born  in  Rowan  county,  N.  C.,  in  1776; 
completed  preparatory  studies;  studied  law,  was 
admitted  to  the  bar,  and  began  practice  in  Salis- 
bury, N.  C.;  served  two  terms  in  the  house  of  com- 
mons of  North  Carolina;  elected  as  a  Federalist  to 
the  Eleventh,  Twelfth,  and  Thirteenth  Congresses 
(March  4,  1809-March  3,  1815);  while  in  Congress 
fought  a  duel  with  John  George  Jackson,  of  Vir- 
ginia, and  on  the  second  fire  was  wounded;  died 
m  Salisbury,  N.  C.,  October  27,  1834. 

Pearson,  Richmond,  a  Representative  from 
North  Carolina;  born  in  Richmond  Hill,  N.  C., 
January  26,  1852;  was  graduated  from  Princeton 
college  in  1872;  studied  law  and  was  admitted  to 
the  bar  of  North  Carolina  in  1874 ;  in  the  same  year 
appointed  United  States  consul  to  Venders  and 
Liege,  Belgium;  resigned  in  1877;  member  of  the 
North  Carolina  legislature  in  1885  and  1887;  elected 
as  an  Independent  Protectionist  to  the  Fifty-fourth 
Congress  (March  4,  1895-March  3,  1897);  elected 
as  a  Republican  to  the  Fifty-fifth  and  Fifty-sixth 
Congresses  and  served  from  March  4,  1897,  to  March 
3,  1899,  and  from  May  10,  1900,  to  March  3,  1901; 
in  last-named  Congress  the  certificate  of  election 
was  given  to  William  T.  Crawford,  Democrat,  who 
was  unseated  by  a  resolution  of  the  House,  May  10, 
1900;  appointed  United  States  consul  to  Genoa, 
Italy,  December  11,  1901;  appointed  by  President 


914 


CONGRESSIONAL   DIRECTORY. 


Roosevelt  in  1902  as  envoy  extraordinary  and  min- 
ister plenipotentiary  to  Persia;  later  transferred  to 
Greece  and  Roumania. 

Pease,  Henry  Roberts,  a  Senator  from  Missis- 
sippi; born  in  Connecticut,  February  19,  1835; 
completed  preparatory  studies;  taught  school  for 
eleven  years;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar, 
and  practiced;  entered  the  Union  Army  as  a  pri- 
vate and  attained  the  rank  of  captain ;  superintend- 
ent of  education  of  Louisiana  while  that  state  was 
under  military  rule;  appointed  superintendent  of 
the  education  of  freedmen  in  Mississippi  in  1867; 
elected  superintendent  of  education  of  Mississippi 
in  1869;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  United 
States  Senate,  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  the  resig- 
nation of  Adelbert  Ames,  and  served  from  Febru- 
ary 3,  1874,  to  March  3,  1875;  postmaster  of  Vicks- 
burg,  Miss.,  in  1875;  established  the  Mississippi 
Educational  Journal;  removed  to  Dakota. 

Peaslee,  Charles  Hazen,  a  Representative 
from  New  Hampshire;  born  in  Gilmanton,  N.  H., 
February  6,  1804;  was  graduated  from  Dartmouth 
college  in  1824;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the 
bar,  and  began  practice  in  Concord,  N.  H.,  in  1828; 
served  in  the  New  Hampshire  state  legislature 
1833-1837;  adjutant-general  of  the  militia;  elected 
as  a  Democrat  to  the  Thirtieth,  Thirty-first,  and 
Thirty-second  Congresses  (March  4,  1847-March  3, 
1853);  collector  of  the  port  of  Boston  in  1853-1857; 
died  in  St.  Paul,  Minn.,  September  20,  1866. 

Peck,  Erasmus  D.,  a  Representative  from 
Ohio;  born  in  Connecticut,  September  16,  1808; 
was  graduated  from  Berkshire  medical  college  in 
1829;  moved  to  Ohio  in  1830  and  practiced  medi- 
cine; served  two  terms  in  the  Ohio  state  legislature; 
elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Forty-first  Congress, 
to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  the  death  of  Truman  H. 
Hoag;  reelected  to  the  Forty-second  Congress  and 
served  from  April  23,  1870,  to  March  3,  1873. 

Peck,  George  Washington,  a  Representative 
from  Michigan;  born  in  New  York  City,  May  8, 
1818;  pursued  classical  studies;  attended  Yale  col- 
lege and  studied  law  in  New  York  city;  moved  to 
Michigan  in  1839  and  located  in  Brighton,  Liv- 
ingston county;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1842 
and  practiced  in  Brighton  1842-1845;  elected  to 
the  state  house  of  representatives  1846-1847,  and 
served  as  speaker  the  last  term;  moved  to  Lansing, 
Mich.,  when  the  state  capital  was  located  there  in 
1847,  and  was  the  first  postmaster  of  Lansing; 
secretary  of  state  of  Michigan  1848-1849;  editor 
and  proprietor  of  the  Lansing  Journal,  and  state 
printer,  1852-1855;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the 
Thirty-fourth  Congress  (March  4,  1855-March  3, 
1857);  defeated  for  reelection;  mayor  of  Lansing  in 
1864;  moved  to  East  Saginaw,  Mich.,  and  prac- 
ticed law  1864-1873;  moved  to  St.  Louis,  Mo.,  in 
1873,  and  to  Hot  Springs,  Ark.,  in  1880,  and  to 
Bismarck,  Mo.,  in  1882;  died  in  the  home  of  his 
daughter,  Mrs.  C.  H.  Gage,  in  Saginaw,  Mich. 

Peck,  Jared  Valentine,  a  Representative  from 
New  York;  born  in  Port  Chester,  N.  Y.,  September 
21,  1816;  attended  the  common  schools;  held  sev- 
eral local  offices;  member  of  the  state  assembly 
in  1848;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Thirty- 
third  Congress  (March  4,  1853-March  3,  1855); 
died  in  Rye,  N.  Y.,  December  25,  1891. 

Peck,  Lucius  Benedict,  a  Representative  from 
Vermont;  born  in  Waterbury,  Vt.,  November  17, 
1802;  pursued  classical  studies  and  attended  the 


Military  academy  at  West  Point  two  years;  studied 
law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  began  practice 
in  Barre,  Vt.,  in  1826;  moved  to  Montpeher,  Vt., 
where  he  practiced  his  profession;  elected  as  a 
Democrat  to  the  Thirtieth  and  Thirty-first  Con- 

fresses   (March  4,    1847-March  3,   1851);  United 
tates  district  attorney  for  Vermont  1853-1857; 
president  of  the  Vermont  and  Canada  railroad; 
died  in  Lowell,  Mass.,  December  28,  1866;  inter- 
ment in  Montpelier,  Vt. 

Peck,  Luther  C.,  a  Representative  from  New 
York;  native  of  Connecticut;  completed  prepara- 
tory studies;  moved  to  Pike,  N.  Y.;  held  various 
local  offices;  elected  as  a  Whig  to  the  Twenty-fifth 
and  Twenty-sixth  Congresses  (March  4,  *1837- 
March  3,  1841);  died  in  Nunda,  N.  Y.,  February 
16,  1876. 

Peckham,  Rufus  Wheeler,  a  Representative 
from  New  York;  born  in  Rensselaerville,  Albany 
county,  N.  Y.,  December  20,  1809;  completed  pre- 
paratory studies;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the 
bar,  and  began. practice  in  Albany,  N.  Y.;  held 
several  local  offices;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the 
Thirty-third  Congress  (March  4,  1853-March  3, 
1855);  elected  a  justice  of  the  supreme  court  for  the 
third  judicial  district,  and  served  from  1861  to  1869; 
died  at  sea  November  22,  1873. 

Peddle,  Thomas  Baldwin,  a  Representative 
from  New  Jersey;  born  in  Edinburgh,  Scotland, 
February  11,  1808;  emigrated  to  America  in  1833 
and  located  in  Newark,  N.  J.;  completed  prepara- 
tory studies;  engaged  in  manufacturing;  served 
two  terms  in  the  state  legislature;  twice  elected 
mayor  of  Newark;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the 
Forty-fifth  Congress  (March  4, 1877-March  3,  1879); 
died  in  Newark,  N.  J.,  February  16,  1889. 

Peek,  Hermanus,  a  Representative  from  New 
York;  native  of  Albany,  N.  Y.;  moved  to  Schenec- 
tady,  where  he  completed  preparatory  studies; 
elected  to  the  Sixteenth  Congress  (March  4,  1819- 
March  3,  1821). 

Peel,  Samuel  West,  a  Representative  from 
Arkansas;  born  in  Independence  county,  Ark., 
September  13,  1832;  attended  the  common  schools; 
elected  clerk  of  the  circuit  court  of  Carroll  county, 
Ark.,  in  1858  and  1860;  entered  the  Confederate 
service  in  1861  as  a  private,  and  elected  major  of 
the  third  Arkansas  infantry,  and  later  colonel  of 
the  fourth  regiment  Arkansas  infantry;  at  the  close 
of  the  war  commenced  the  practice  of  law  in  the 
Arkansas  courts;  appointed  prosecuting  attorney 
of  the  fourth  judicial  circuit  in  1873;  elected,  upon 
the  adoption  of  the  new  constitution,  in  1874,  to 
the  same  office;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Forty- 
eighth,  and  to  the  four  succeeding  Congresses 
(March  4,  1883-March  3,  1893);  a  resident  of  Fort 
Smith,  Ark.,  and  retired. 

Peelle,  Stanton  JudMns,  a  Representative 
from  Indiana;  born  near  Richmond,  Wayne  county, 
Ind.,  February  11,  1843;  attended  common  schools 
and  Winchester  seminary,  Indiana;  enlisted  in 
company  G,  Eighth  regiment  Indiana  volunteers, 
August  5,  1861;  December  10,  1862,  was  promoted 
to  a  second  lieutenancy  in  company  K,  fifty- 
seventh  Indiana,  and  served  until  the  close  of  the 
war;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and 
practiced  in  Winchester,  Ind.;  moved  to  Indianap- 
olis in  1869;  deputy  district  attorney  of  Marion 
county,  Ind.,  for  two  years;  member  of  the  Indiana 
state  house  of  representatives  1877-1879;  elected 


BIOGRAPHIES. 


915 


as  a  Republican  to  the  Forty-seventh  Congress 
(March  4,  1881-March  3,  1883);  presented  creden- 
tials as  a  Member-elect  of  the  Forty-eighth  Con- 
gress, and  served  from  March  4,  1883,  to  May  22, 
1884,  when  he  was  succeeded  by  William  E. 
English,  who  contested  his  election;  chief  justice 
of  the  Court  of  Claims,  Washington,  D.  C. 

Peery,  William,  a  Delegate  from  Delaware;  sat 
in  the  Continental  Congress  1785-1786;  died  in 
Cool  Spring,  Sussex  county,  Del.,  December  14, 
1800. 

Peffer,  William  Alfred,  a  Senator  from  Kan- 
sas; born  in  Cumberland  county,  Pa.,  September 
10,  1831;  attended  a  public  school;  began  teaching 
at  the  age  of  fifteen  years;  moved  to  Indiana  in 
June,  1853,  and  located  in  St.  Joseph  county; 
moved  to  Missouri  in  September,  1859,  and  pur- 
chased a  farm  in  Morgan  county;  because  of  the 
war  moved  to  Illinois  February,  1862,  and  enlisted 
as  a  private  in  company  F,  eighty-third  Illinois 
infantry,  the  following  August;  promoted  to  second 
lieutenant  March,  1863;  served  as  regimemtal 
quartermaster  and  adjutant,  post  adjutant,  judge- 
advocate  of  a  military  commission,  and  depot 
quartermaster  in  the  engineering  department  at 
Nashville;  mustered  out  of  service  June  26,  1865; 
studied  law  while  in  the  army,  was  admitted  to  the 
bar  in  August,  1865,  and  began  practice  in  Clarks- 
ville,  Tenn.;  moved  to  Kansas  in  January,  1870, 
and  practiced  there  until  1878;  electe'd  to  the  state 
senate  in  1874;  Republican  presidential  elector  in 
1880;  elected  to  the  United  States  Senate  as  a  mem- 
ber of  the  People's  party,  and  served  from  March  4, 
1891,  until  March  3,  1897;  engaged  in  statistical 
and  compilation  work  for  Congress  in  Washington, 
D.  C.;  died  in  Grenola,  Kans.,  October  7,  1912. 

Pegram,  John,  a  Representative  from  Vir- 
ginia; born  in  Dinwiddie  county,  Va.,  November 

16,  1773;  attended  the  common  schools;  held    vari- 
ous local  offices;  was  a  member  of  the  Virginia 
house  of  delegates  for  many  years  and  of  the  state 
senate  for  eight  years;  elected  to  the  Fifteenth 
Congress  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  the  death  of 
Peterson  Goodwin,  and  served  from  November  16, 
1818,  to  March   3,  1819;   major  general   of  state 
militia  in  the  War  of  1812;  United  States  marshal 
for  the  eastern  district  of  Virginia  under  President 
Monroe's     administration;     died     in     Dinwiddie 
county,  Va.,  April  8,  1831. 

Peirce,  Robert  Bruce  Frazier,  a  Representa- 
tive from  Indiana;  born  in  Laurel,  Ind.,  February 

17,  1843;  served  in  the  Civil  War  as  second  lieu- 
tenant of  company  H,  one  hundred  and  thirty- 
fifth  regiment  of  Indiana  volunteers;  was  graduated 
from  Wabash  college  in  1866;  studied  law  at  Shel- 
by ville,  Ind.,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,' and  began 
practice  in  Crawfordsville  in  1867;  elected  prose- 
cuting attorney  in  1868  and  reelected  in  1870  and 
1872;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Forty -seventh 
Congress  (March  4,  1881-March  3,  1883);  receiver 
of  the  Texas,  St.  Louis  and  Kansas  City  Railway; 
died  in  Indianapolis,  Ind.,  December  5,  1898. 

Pelham,  Charles,  a  Representative  from  Ala- 
bama; born  in  Person  county,  N.  C.,  March  12, 
1835;  moved  with  his  parents  to  Alabama  in  1838; 
attended  the  common  schools;  studied  law,  was 
admitted  to  the  bar,  and  began  practice  in  Talla- 
dega,  Ala.,  in  1858;  entered  the  Confederate  army 
in  1862  and  served  as  first  lieutenant  of  company 
C,  fifty-first  Alabama  regiment;  elected  judge  oj 
the  tenth  judicial  circuit  in  1868,  and  while  dis- 


charging the  duties  of  that  office  was  elected  as  a 
Republican  to  the  Forty-third  Congress  (March  4, 
1873-March  3, 1875);  died  in  Poulan,  Worth  county, 
Ga.,  January  18,  1908. 

Pelton,  Guy  R.,  a  Representative  from  New 
York;  born  in  Great  Barrington,  Mass.,  August  3, 
1825;  completed  preparatory  studies;  taught  school; 
studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  began 
practice  in  New  York  in  1851;  held  various  local 
offices;  elected  as  a  Whig  to  the  Thirty-fourth  Con- 
gress (March  4,  1855-March  3,  1857);  defeated  for 
the  Thirty-fifth  Congress. 

Pence,  Lafe,  a  Representative  from  Colorado; 
born  in  Columbus,  Ind.,  December  23,  1857;  at- 
tended the  common  schools  and  was  graduated 
from  Hanover  college,  Indiana,  in  1877;  studied 
law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar  December  23,  1878, 
and  practiced  in  Columbus,  Ind.,  until  Septem- 
ber, 1879,  when  he  moved  to  Winfield,  Kans.; 
lived  there  until  March,  1881,  when  he  moved  to 
Rico,  Colo. ;  practiced  law  in  Rico  until  1884,  when 
elected  to  the  state  legislature  and,  after  the  ses- 
sion in  1885,  located  in  Denver;  county  attorney 
for  Arapahoe  county  in  1887  and  1888;  elected  as 
the  candidate  of  the  Populists  and  Silver  Demo- 
crats to  the  Fifty-third  Congress  (March  4,  1893- 
March  3,  1895);  moved  to  New  York,  where  he  was 
interested  in  railroading;  returned  to  Denver, 
Colo.,  and  later  moved  to  San  Francisco,  Cal., 
where  he  resumed  the  practice  of  law. 

Pendleton,  Emond,  a  Delegate  from  Virginia; 
born  in  Caroline  county,  Va.,  September  9,  1721; 
completed  preparatory  studies;  studied  law,  was 
admitted  to  the  bar  in  1744,  and  practiced;  justice 
of  the  peace  in  1751;  member  of  the  Virginia  house 
of  burgesses  1752-1774;  member  of  the  committee 
of  correspondence  in  1773  and  of  the  colonial  con- 
vention of  1774;  governor  of  the  embryo  colony 
1774-1776;  presiding  judge  of  the  court  of  appeals; 
member  of  the  Continental  Congress  1774-1775; 
member  of  the  Virginia  constitutional  convention 
of  1787,  and  its  president;  died  in  Richmond,  Va., 
October  23,  1803. 

Pendleton,  Edmund  Henry,  a  Representative 
from  New  York;  received  a  liberal  schooling; 
studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar  and  practiced 
for  several  years  in  Hyde  Park,  Dutchess  county, 
N.  Y. ;  county  judge  in  the  fifth  New  York  district 
in  1830;  was  elected  as  a  Whig  to  the  Twenty- 
second  Congress  (March  4,  1831-March  3,  1833); 
died  in  New  York  City  in  1862. 

Pendleton,  George  Cassety,  a  Representa- 
tive from  Texas;  born  in  Coffee  county,  Tenn., 
April  23,  1845;  attended  country  schools  of  Warren 
county,  Tenn.,  and  the  Hannah  high  school  in  the 
same  county;  afterwards  attended  the  Wax- 
ahachie  academy  in  Ellis  county,  Tex.;  located  in 
Bolton,  Tex.,  and  engaged  in  mercantile  pursuits 
and  in  farming;  entered  the  Confederate  service  as 
private  in  Fount's  company,  Burford's  regiment, 
Parson's  brigade,  Texas  cavalry;  member  of  the 
Texas  legislature  three  terms  and  its  speaker  one 
term;  elected  lieutenant  governor  in  1890;  elected 
as  a  Democrat  to  the  Fifty-third  and  Fifty-fourth 
Congresses  (March  4,  1893-March  3,  1897);  engaged 
in  the  practice  of  law  in  Temple,  Tex.;  president 
of  the  Temple  national  bank. 

Pendleton,  George  Hunt,  a  Representative 
and  a  Senator  from  Ohio;  born  in  Cincinnati,  Ohio, 
July  25,  1825;  pursued  an  academic  course  in 


916 


CONGKESSIONAL   DIRECTORY. 


schools  of  Cincinnati  and  in  Europe;  studied  law, 
was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  began  practice  in 
Cincinnati;  member  of  the  state  senate  of  Ohio 
1854-1856;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Thirty-fifth, 
Thirty-sixth,  Thirty-seventh,  and  Thirty-eighth 
Congresses  (March  4,  1857-March  3,  1865);  Demo- 
cratic candidate  for  Vice  President  on  the  ticket 
headed  by  George  B.  McClellan  in  1864;  delegate 
in  the  Loyalist  convention  in  Philadelphia,  Pa.,  in 
1866;  defeated  Democratic  candidate  for  governor  of 
Ohio  in  1869;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  United 
States  Senate  and  served  from  March  4,  1879,  to 
March  3,  1885;  minister  to  Germany  in  1885;  died 
in  Brussels,  Belgium,  November  24,  1898. 

Pendleton,  James  Monroe,  a  Representative 
from  Rhode  Island;  born  in  North  Stonington, 
Conn.,  January  10,  1822;  completed  preparatory 
studies;  merchant  for  seven  years  in  Westerly, 
R.  I.,  and  then  engaged  in  banking,  insurance, 
and  manufacturing;  served  in  the  Rhode  Island 
state  senate  1862-1865;  delegate  to  the  national 
Republican  convention  in  Chicago  in  1868;  presi- 
dential elector  on  the  Grant  and  Colfax  ticket  in 
1868;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Forty-second 
and  Forty-third  Congresses  (March  4,  1871-March 
3,  1875);  died  in  Westerly,  R.  I.,  February  16, 
1889. 

Pendleton?  John  Overton,  a  Representative 
from  West  Virginia;  born  in  Wellsburg,  Brooke 
county,  W.  Va.,  July  4,  1851;  moved  with  his 
parents  to  Wheeling,  W.  Va.;  attended  Aspen  Hill 
academy,  Louisa  county,  Va.,  1865-1869,  and 
Bethany  college,  W.  Va.,  1869-1870;  studied  law, 
was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  began  practice  in 
Wheeling  in  1874;  Democratic  nominee  for  state 
senator  in  1886,  but  defeated;  presented  creden- 
tials as  Member-elect  in  the  Fifty-first  Congress 
and  served  from  March  4,  1889,  to  February  26, 
1890,  and  was  then  succeeded  by  George  W. 
Atkinson,  who  contested  the  election;  elected  as  a 
Democrat  to  the  Fifty-second  and  Fifty-third 
Congresses  (March  4, 1891-March  3, 1895);  resumed 
the  practice  of  law  in  Wheeling,  W.  Va. 

Pendleton,  John  Strother,  a  Representative 
from  Virginia;  born  ii\  Culpeper  county,  Va., 
March  2,  1802;  pursued  praparatory  studies; 
studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  prac- 
ticed in  Culpeper  county;  member  of  the  state 
legislature  several  terms  prior  to  1840;  charge1 
d'affaires  to  Chile  1841-1844;  elected  as  a  Whig  to 
the  Twenty-ninth  and  Thirtieth  Congresses 
(March  4,  1845-March  3,  1849);  charge'  d'affaires  to 
the  Argentine  Confederation  1851-1854;  died  near 
Culpeper,  Va.,  November  19,  1868. 

Pendleton,  Nathanael  Greene,  a  Represen- 
tative from  Ohio;  bom  in  Savannah,  Ga.,  August 
25, 1793;  moved  to  New  York  City  with  his  parents; 
was  graduated  from  Columbia  college  in  1813; 
studied  law  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar;  served  in 
the  War  of  1812;  moved  to  Cincinnati,  Ohio,  in 
1818  and  practiced  law;  member  of  the  state  senate 
1825-1829;  elected  as  a  Whig  to  the  Twenty- 
seventh  Congress  (March  4,  1841-March  3,  1843); 
died  in  Cincinnati,  Ohio,  June  16,  1861. 

Pennington,  John  Brown,  a  Representative 
from  Delaware;  born  near  Newcastle,  Del.,  De- 
cember 20,  1825;  pursued  an  academic  course  in 
Newcastle  and  Newark,  Del.,  and  was  graduated 
from  Jefferson  college,  Pa.;  went  to  Indiana  and 
engaged  in  teaching;  returned  to  Delaware,  studied 
law,  and  was  admitted  to  practice  in  April,  1857; 


member  of  the  state  house  of  representatives  in 
1857;  clerk  of  the  house  in  1859,  1863,  and  1871; 
delegate  to  the  Democratic  national  conventions 
in  Charleston  and  Baltimore  in  1860;  appointed 
United  States  attorney  for  the  district  of  Delaware 
in  1868  by  President  Johnson,  and  attorney  general 
of  the  state  by  Governor  Ponder  in  1874;  elected  as 
a  Democrat  to  the  Fiftieth  and  Fifty-first  Con- 
gresses (March  4,  1887-March  3,  1891);  died  in 
Dover,  Del.,  June  1,  1902. 

Penn,  Alexander  G.,  a  Representative  from 
Louisiana;  born  in  Patrick  county,  Va.;  completed 
preparatory  studies;  moved  to  the  parish  of  St. 
Tammany,  La.,  in  1821,  and  engaged  in  planting; 
served  in  the  state  house  of  representatives;  post- 
master of  New  Orleans  1845-1849;  elected  as  a 
Democrat  to  the  Thirty-first  Congress,  to  fill 
vacancy  caused  by  the  death  of  John  H.  Harman- 
son;  reelected  to  the  Thirty-second  Congress,  and 
served  from  December  30,  1850,  to  March  3,  1853; 
died  in  Washington,  D.  C.,  May  8,  1866. 

Penn,  John,  a  Delegate  from  North  Carolina; 
born  in  Caroline  county,  Va.,  May  17,1741;  re- 
ceived a  limited  education;  studied  law  with  Ed- 
mund Pendleton,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  in 
1762  began  practice;  moved  to  Granville  county, 
N.  C.,  in  1774;  elected  a  Delegate  to  the  Conti- 
nental Congress  in  1775;  a  signer  of  the  Declaration 
of  Independence;  reelected  in  1777  and  1779;  re- 
ceiver of  taxes  for  North  Carolina  in  1784;  died  in 
Granville  county,  N.  C.,  September  14,  1788. 

Penniman,  Ebenezer  Jenckes,  a  Representa- 
tive from  Michigan;  born  in  Lansingburgh,  N.  Y., 
January  12,  1805;  received  a  limited  schooling; 
moved  to  New  York  City  and  became  a  merchant; 
moved  to  Plymouth,  Mich.,  in  1835  and  engaged 
in  mercantile  pursuits;  elected  as  a  Whig  and  Free- 
soiler  to  the  Thirty -second  Congress  (March  4, 1851- 
March  3, 1853);  died  in  Plymouth,  Mich.,  April  12, 
1890 

Pennington,  Alexander  Cumming  Mc- 
Whorter,  a  Representative  from  New  Jersey;  born 
in  Newark,  N.  J.,  July  2,  1810;  completed  prepara- 
tory studies;  attended  the  United  States  military 
academy  1826-1828;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to 
the  bar,  and  practiced  in  Newark;  held  various 
local  offices;  elected  as  a  Whig  to  the  Thirty-third 
and  Thirty-fourth  Congresses  (March  4,  1853- 
March  3,  1857);  served  two  terms  in  the  state  legis- 
lature; moved  to  New  York  City,  and  died  there 
January  25,  1867. 

Pennington,  William  Samuel,  a  Representa- 
tive from  New  Jersey;  born  in  Newark,  N.  J.,  May 
4,  1796;  completed  preparatory  studies  and  was 
graduated  from  Princeton  in  1813;  studied  law, 
was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  began  practice  in 
Newark  in  1820;  governor  of  New  Jersey  1837-1843; 
elected  as  a  Whig  to  the  Thirty-sixth  Congress 
(March  4,  1859-March  3,  1861);  defeated  as  the 
Republican  candidate  for  reelection  to  the  Thirty- 
seventh  Congress;  died  in  Newark,  N.  J.,  February 
16,  1862. 

Pennybacker,  Isaac  Samuels,  a  Representa- 
tive and  a  Senator  from  Virginia;  born  in  Shenan- 
doah  county,  Va.,  September  12,  1805;  completed 
preparatory  studies;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to 
the  bar,  and  began  practice  in  Harrisonburg,  Va. ; 
held  various  local  offices;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to 
the  Twenty-fifth  Congress  (March  4,  1837-March  3, 
1839);  United  States  judge  for  the  western  district 


BIOGRAPHIES. 


917 


of  Virginia  1839-1845;  elected  to  the  United  States 
Senate  and  served  from  December  3,  1845,  until 
his  death  in  Washington,  D.  C.,  January  12,  1847. 

Penrose,  Boies,  a  Senator  from  Pennsylvania; 
born  in  Philadelphia,  Pa.,  November  1,  1860;  was 
prepared  for  college  by  private  tutors  and  in  the 
schools  of  Philadelphia;  was  graduated  from  Har- 
vard college  in  1881;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to 
the  bar  in  1883,  and  practiced  in  Philadelphia; 
elected  to  the  state  house  of  representatives  in  1884; 
state  senator  in  1886;  reelected  in  1890  and  1894; 
president  pro  tempore  of  the  senate  in  1889  and 
1891;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  United  States 
Senate  for  the  term  beginning  March  4,  1897;  re- 
elected  in  1903  and  in  1909  for  the  term  expiring 
March  3,  1915. 

Perce,  Legrand  Winfield,  a  Representative 
from  Mississippi;  born  in  Buffalo,  N.  Y .,  June  19, 
1836;  completed  preparatory  studies  and  attended 
the  Wesleyan  college  in  Lima,  N.  Y.;  studied  law 
and  was  graduated  from  the  Albany,  N.  Y.,  law 
school  in  1857,  and  admitted  to  the  bar;  entered 
the  Union  Army  in  1861;  appointed  second  lieu- 
tenant of  the  sixth  Michigan  volunteers,  and  '  ap- 
tain  in  June,  1862;  brevetted  major  at  Port  Hud- 
son in  May,  1863;  brevetted  lieutenant-colonel  and 
colonel  in  1865;  settled  in  Natchez,  Miss.;  elected 
as  a  Republican  to  the  Forty-first  and  Forty-second 
Congresses  (March  4,  1869-March  3,  1873);  died  in 
Chicago,  111.,  March  16,  1911. 

Percy,  lie  Boy,  a  Senator  from  Mississippi;  born 
in  Washington  county,  Miss.,  November  9,  1860; 
attended  the  University  of  the  South  and  was  grad- 
uated from  the  law  department  of  the  University  of 
Virginia  in  1881 ;  returned  to  Mississippi  and  began 
practice  in  Greenville;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to 
the  United  States  Senate,  to  fill  vacancy  caused 
by  the  death  of  Anselm  J.  McLaurin,  and  served 
from  February  23,  1910,  to  March  3,  1913. 

Perea,  Francisco,  a  delegate  from  New  Mexico 
territory;  born  in  Padillas,  N.  Mex.,  January  9, 
1831;  received  a  limited  schooling;  elected  as  a 
Republican  a  delegate  to  the  Thirty-eighth  Con- 
gress (March  4,  1863-March  3,  1865). 

Perea,  Pedro,  a  Representative  from  New 
Mexico;  born  in  Bernalillo,  N.  Mex.,  April  22, 1852; 
attended  St.  Michael's  college,  Santa  Fe,  N.  Mex., 
Georgetown  university,  District  of  Columbia,  and 
St.  Louis  university,  St.  Louis,  Mo.;  principally 
engaged  in  farming  and  sheep  raising;  at  one  time 
president  of  the  First  national  bank  of  Santa  Fe; 
four  times  a  member  of  the  council  of  the  New 
Mexico  legislature;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the 
Fifty-sixth  Congress  (March  4, 1899-March  3,  1901); 
died  in  Bernalillo,  N.  Mex.,  January  11,  1906. 

Perham,  Sidney,  a  Representative  from  Maine; 
born  in  Woodstock,  Me.,  March  27, 1819;  completed 
preparatory  studies;  engaged  in  farming;  member 
of  the  state  house  of  representatives  01  Maine  in 
1854,  and  its  speaker;  held  various  local  offices; 
elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Thirty-eighth, 
Thirty-ninth,  and  Fortieth  Congresses  (March  4, 
1863-March  3,  1869);  governor  of  Maine  1871-1874; 
appraiser  in  the  Portland  custom-house;  died  in 
Washington,  D.  C.,  April  10,  1907. 

Perkins,  Bishop,  a  Representative  from  New 
York;  native  of  New  Hampshire;  moved  to  Ogd ens- 
burg,  N.  Y.;  completed  preparatory  studies; 
elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Thirty-third  Congress 
(March  4,  1853-March  3,  1855). 


Perkins,  Bishop  Walden,  a  Representative  and 
a  Senator  from  Kansas;  born  in  Rochester,  Lorain 
county,  Ohio,  October  18,  1841;  attended  the  com- 
mon schools  and  Knox  academy  in  Galesburg,  111.; 
read  law  in  Ottawa,  111.;  admitted  to  the  bar  in 
1867,  and  commenced  practice;  served  four  years 
in  the  Union  army,  first  as  sergeant  in  the  eighty- 
third  Illinois  infantry,  and  adjutant  and  captain 
in  the  sixteenth  United  States  colored  infantry  for 
two  years  and  six  months;  located  in  Oswego, 
Kans.,  in  1869;  county  attorney  of  Labette  county 
the  same  year;  elected  probate  judge  of  the  county 
in  1870  and  1872;  appointed  judge  of  the  eleventh 
judicial  district  of  Kansas  in  February,  1873,  and 
in  November  of  that  year  elected  for  the  unexpired 
term;  reelected  in  November,  1874,  and  again  in 
November,  1878,  and  held  the  office  for  almost  ten 
years;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Forty-eighth, 
Forty-ninth,  Fiftieth,  and  Fifty-first  Congresses 
(March  4,  1883-March  3,  1891);  appointed  to  the 
United  States  Senate,  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  the 
death  of  Preston  B.  Plumb,  and  served  from  Jan- 
uary 1,  1892,  to  March  3,  1893;  died  in  Washington^ 
D.  C.,  June  20,  1894. 

Perkins,  Elias,  a  Representative  from  Con- 
necticut; born  in  Norwich,  Conn.,  April  5,  1767; 
was  graduated  from  Yale  college  in  1786;  studied 
law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  practiced  a  short 
time;  elected  to  the  Seventh  Congress  (March  4,, 
1801-March  3,  1803);  served  as  judge  of  the  New- 
London  county  court  until  he  became  ineligible  on 
account  of  age;  mayor  of  New  London  1829-1832; 
died  in  New  London,  Conn.,  September  27,  1845. 

Perkins,  George  Clement,  a  Senator  from 
California;  born  in  Kennebunkport,  Me.,  August 
23,  1839;  had  limited  educational  advantages;  at 
the  age  of  twelve  went  to  sea  as  a  cabin  boy ;  fol- 
lowed the  sea  for  several  years;  shipped  "before 
the  mast "  on  a  sailing  vessel  bound  for  San  Fran- 
cisco, Gal.,  in  1855;  engaged  in  mercantile  business 
in  Oroville,  Cal.;  subsequently  engaged  in  bank- 
ing, milling,  mining,  farming,  whale  fishing,  and 
the  steamship  business,  operating  steamships  on 
the  coasts  of  California,  Oregon,  Washington,  Brit- 
ish Columbia,  Alaska,  and  Mexico;  elected  to  the 
state  senate  in  1869,  and  served  eight  years;  presi- 
dent of  the  chamber  of  commerce  of  San  Francisco 
and  the  San  Francisco  art  association;  director  of 
the  California  academy  of  sciences  and  other  pub- 
lic institutions;  elected  governor  of  California  in 
1879,  and  served  until  January,  1883;  appointed  as 
a  Republican  to  the  United  States  Senate  July  24, 
1893,  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  the  death  of  Leland 
Stanford,  and  took  his  seat  August  8,  1893;  subse- 
quently elected  to  fill  the  unexpired  term;  re- 
elected  in  1897,  1903,  and  in  1909  for  the  term  end- 
ing March  3,  1915. 

Perkins,  George  Douglas,  a  Representative 
from  Iowa;  born  in  Holly,  Orleans  county,  N.  Y., 
February  29, 1840;  moved  to  Wisconsin  and  learned 
the  printer's  trade  in  Baraboo;  in  connection  with 
his  brother  started  the  Gazette  in  Cedar  Falls  in 
1860;  enlisted  as  a  private  soldier  in  company  B, 
thirty-first  Iowa,  August  12,  1862;  discharged  from 
Jefferson  barracks,  Mo.,  January  12,  1863;  moved 
to  Sioux  City,  Iowa,  in  1869  and  became  editor  of 
the  Journal;  member  of  the  Iowa  senate  1874-1876; 
appointed  United  States  marshal  for  the  northern 
district  of  Iowa  by  President  Arthur  and  removed 
by  President  Cleveland;  elected  as  a  Republican 
to  the  Fifty-second,  Fifty-third,  Fifty-fourth,  and 
Fifty-fifth  Congresses  (March  4,  1891-March  3, 
1899);  delegate  in  the  Republican  national  conven- 


918 


CONGRESSIONAL   DIRECTOEY. 


tipns  of  1876,  1880,  1888,  and  1908;  a  resident  of 
Sioux  City,  Iowa,  and  editor  and  publisher  of  the 
Journal. 

Perkins,  James  Breck,  a  Representative  from 
New  York;  born  in  St.  Croix  Falls,  Wis.,  Novem- 
ber 4,  1847;  moved  with  his  parents  to  Rochester, 
N.  Y.,  in  1856;  attended  the  Rochester  schools  and 
was  graduated  from  the  University  of  Rochester  in 
1867;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in 
December,  1868,  and  practiced  in  Rochester;  city 
attorney  1874-1880;  lived  in  Paris  1890-1895,  en- 
gaged in  work  on  French  history;  returned  to 
Rochester  in  1895,  and  served  in  the  state  assem- 
bly in  1898;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Fifty- 
seventh,  and  to  the  four  succeeding  Congresses,  and 
served  from  March  4,  1901,  until  his  death  in 
Washington,  D.  C.,  March  11,  1910;  interment  in 
Rochester,  N.  Y. 

Perkins,  Jared,  a  Representative  from  New 
Hampshire;  born  in  Unity,  N.  H.,  April  21,  1793; 
received  a  limited  schooling  in  Winchester,  N.  H.; 
studied  theology  and  was  a  minister  of  the  Method- 
ist Episcopal  church  and  a  presiding  officer;  state 
councilor  1846-1849;  served  in  the  state  house  of 
representatives;  elected  as  a  Whig  to  the  Thirty- 
second  Congress  (March  4,  1851-March  3,  1853); 
defeated  for  reelection  to  the  Thirty-third  Congress ; 
died  in  Nashua,  N.  H.,  October  14, 1854. 

Perkins,  John,  a  Representative  from  Louisi- 
ana; born  in  Louisiana  July  1,  1819;  was  graduated 
from  Yale  college  in  1840;  studied  law,  was  ad- 
mitted to  the  bar,  and  began  practice  in  New 
Orleans;  traveled  in  Europe;  appointed  a  judge  of 
the  circuit  court  in  1851;  elected  as  a  Democrat 
to  the  Thirty-third  Congress  (March  4,  1853-March 
3,  1855);  served  in  the  Confederate  Congress. 

Perrill,  Augustus  Leonard,  a  Representative 
from  Ohio;  born  in  Hardee  county,  Va.,  January 
20,  1807;  moved  to  Pickaway  county,  Ohio;  re- 
ceived a  limited  schooling;  elected  to  the  Twenty- 
ninth  Congress  (March  4,  1845-March  3,  1847); 
died  in  Pickaway  county,  Ohio,  June  3,  1882. 

Perry,  Aaron  F.,  a  Representative  from  Ohio; 
born  in  Leicester,  Vt.,  January  1,  1815;  received  a 
limited  schooling;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to 
the  bar,  and  began  practice  in  Columbus,  Ohio, 
and  later  in  Cincinnati;  member  of  the  state  house 
of  representatives  1847-1848;  elected  as  a  Republi- 
can to  the  Forty-second  Congress  and  served  from 
March  4,  1871,  to  1872,  when  he  resigned;  died  in 
Cincinnati,  Ohio,  March  11,  1893. 

Perry,  Eli,  a  Representative  from  New  York; 
born  in  Cambridge,  N.  Y.,  December  25,  1799; 
attended  the  common  schools;  engaged  in  business 
in  Albany,  N.  Y.,  in  1827  and  continued  until 
1852;  city  alderman  two  years;  served  in  the  state 
legislature;  mayor  of  Albany  1851-1863;  elected  as 
a  Democrat  to  the  Forty-second  and  Forty -third 
Congresses  (March  4,  1871-March  3,  1875) ;  defeated 
for  the  Forty-fourth  Congress;  died  in  Albany, 
N.  Y.,  May  17,  1881. 

Perry,  John  Jasiel,  a  Representative  from 
Maine;  born  in  Portsmouth,  N.  H.,  August  2,  1811; 
completed  preparatory  studies;  studied  law,  was 
admitted  to  the  bar,  and  began  practice  in  Oxford, 
Me.;  member  of  the  state  house  of  representatives 
1839-1843  and  of  the  state  senate  1846-1847; 
elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Thirty-fourth  Con- 
gress (March  4,  1855-March  3,  1857);  reelected  to 
the  Thirty-sixth  Congress  (March  4,  1859-March  3, 


1861);  delegate  to  the  peace  congress  in  1861; 
edited  the  Oxford  Democrat;  moved  to  Portland; 
died  in  Portland,  Me.,  May  2,  1897. 

Perry,  Nehemiah,  a  Representative  from  New 
Jersey;  born  in  Ridgefield,  Conn.,  March  30,  1816; 
pursued  classical  studies;  moved  to  Newark,  N.  J., 
and  engaged  in  the  clothing  business;  member  of 
the  state  legislature  several  years;  elected  as  a 
Democrat  to  the  Thirty-seventh  and  Thirty-eighth 
Congresses  (March  4,  1861-March  3,  1865);  died  in 
Newark,  N.  J.,  November  1,  1881. 

Perry,  Thomas,  a  Representative  from  Mary- 
land; born  in  Maryland  in  1808;  completed  prepara- 
tory studies;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar, 
and  began  practice  in  Cumberland;  elected  as  a 
Democrat  to  the  Twenty-ninth  Congress  (March 
4, 1845-March  3, 1847);  circuit  judge  1851-1861  and 
1864-1871;  died  in  Cumberland,  Md.,  June  27, 
1871. 

Perry,  William  Hayne,  a  Representative  from 
South  Carolina;  born  in  Greenville,  S.  C.,  June  9, 
1837;  attended  the  Greenville  academy;  was 
graduated  from  the  Furman  university,  Greenville; 
entered  the  South  Carolina  college  in  Columbia, 
but  left  there  before  graduation;  was  graduated 
from  Harvard  college  in  1857;  read  law  in  Green- 
ville, was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  practiced; 
served  in  the  Confederate  cavalry;  member  of  the 
state  convention  of  South  Carolina  in  1865;  of  the 
state  legislature  1865-1866;  solicitor  of  the  eighth 
judicial  circuit  of  South  Carolina  in  1868-1872; 
member  of  the  state  senate  1880-1884;  elected  as 
Democrat  to  the  Forty-ninth,  Fiftieth,  and  Fifty- 
first  Congresses  (March  4,  1885-March  3,  1891); 
died  in  Greenville,  S.  C.,  July  7,  1902. 

Persons,  Henry,  a  Representative  from 
Georgia;  born  in  Monroe  county,  Ga.,  in  1834; 
moved  to  Talbot  county,  Ga.,  in  1836;  was  gradu- 
ated from  the  University  of  Georgia  in  1855;  cap- 
tain of  cavalry  in  the  Confederate  service;  elected 
as  a  Democrat  to  the  Forty-sixth  Congress  (March 
4,  1879-March  3,  1881). 

Peter,  George,  a  Representative  from  Mary- 
land; born  in  Georgetown,  D.  C.,  September  28, 
1779;  pursued  classical  studies  and  was  graduated 
from  Georgetown  college;  entered  the  Army  as 
second  lieutenant  in  the  ninth  infantry  in  July, 
1799;  transferred  to  the  artillery  and  promoted 
and  in  May,  1808,  organized  and  commanded  the 
first  light  battery  of  artillery  in  the  country; 
resigned  June  11,  1809;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to 
the  Fourteenth  Congress  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by 
the  resignation  of  Alexander  C.  Hanson;  reelected 
to  the  Fifteenth  Congress,  and  served  from  Decem- 
ber 2,  1816,  to  March  3,  1819;  served  in  the  state 
house  of  representatives;  elected  to  the  Nineteenth 
Congress  (March  4,  1825-March  3,  1827);  defeated 
for  reelection  to  the  Twentieth  Congress;  died  near 
Damestown,  Md.,  June  22,  1861. 

Peters,  Andrew  James,  a  Representative  from 
Massachusetts;  born  in  Jamaica  Plain,  Boston, 
Mass.,  April  3, 1872;  was  graduated  from  Harvard 
college  in  1895  and  from  the  Harvard  law  school  in 
1898;  was  admitted  tc  the  bar  and  practiced;  mem- 
ber of  the  state  legislature  in  1902;  of  the  state 
senate  1904-1905;  served  five  years  as  member  of 
the  Massachusetts  militia;  elected  as  a  Democrat 
to  the  Sixtieth  and  Sixty-first  Congresses  (March  4, 
1907-March  3,  1911).  Reelected  to  the  Sixty-second 
Congress. 


BIOGRAPHIES. 


919 


Peters,  John  A.,  a  Representative  from  Maine; 
born  in  Ellsworth,  Me.,  October  9, 1822;  was  gradu- 
ated from  Yale  college;  studied  law,  was  admitted 
to  the  bar,  and  practiced;  member  of  the  state 
house  of  representatives  1862-1864;  attorney 
general  of  the  state  1864-1866;  elected  as  a  Repub- 
lican to  the  Fortieth,  Forty-first,  and  Forty-second 
Congresses  (March  4,  1867-March  3,  1873);  ap- 
pointed a  judge  of  the  supreme  court  of  Maine  in 
1872;  chief  justice  in  1883;  resigned  from  the  bench 
in  1901;  died  in  Bangor,  Me.,  April  2,  1904. 

Peters,  Mason  Summers,  a  Representative 
from  Kansas;  born  in  Clay  county,  Mo.,  September 

3,  1844;  attended  the  William  Jewell  college  in 
Liberty,  Mo.;  studied  law  and  was  admitted  to  the 
bar  in  1875;  moved  in  1886  to  Wyandotte  county, 
Kans.;    engaged    in    the    live-stock    commission 
business;  served  four  years  as  clerk  of  the  court  of 
Clinton    county,  Mo.;    returned    to    Kansas   and 
elected  as  a  Democrat-Populist  to  the  Fifty-fifth 
Congress  (March  4,  1897-March  3, 1899);  reengaged 
in  business  in  Kansas  City,  Kans. 

Peters,  jr.,  Richard,  a  Delegate  from  Pennsyl- 
vania; born  near  Philadelphia,  Pa.,  June  22,  1743; 
was  graduated  from  the  university  of  Pennsylvania 
in  1761;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar.  and 
began  practice  in  Philadelphia;  register  of  the 
admiralty  1771  until  the  Revolution;  entered  the 
Revolutionary  army  and  served  as  captain  1771; 
secretary  of  the  continental  board  of  war  and  served 
from  June  13,  1776,  to  June  8, 1781;  Delegate  in  the 
Continental  Congress  1782-1783;  member  of  the 
state  assembly  1787-1790,  and  served  as  speaker; 
served  in  the  state  senate  in  1791  and  was  speaker; 
judge  of  the  district  court  of  Pennsylvania  1792- 
1828;  died  in  Philadelphia,  Pa.,  August  22,  1828. 

Peters,  Samuel  Bitter,  a  Representative  from 
Kansas;  born  in  Walnut  township,  Pickaway 
county,  Ohio,  August  16,  1842;  attended  common 
schools  and  college;  enlisted  in  the  Union  army  in 
the  fall  of  1861,  and  was  mustered  out  in  June,  1865, 
having  held  successively  the  offices  of  sergeant, 
second  lieutanant,  first  lieutenant,  adjutant,  and 
captain;  elected  in  the  fall  of  1874  to  the  state  sen- 
ate of  Kansas;  appointed  in  March,  1875,  judge  of 
the  ninth  judicial  district;  elected  to  the  judgeship 
in  the  fall  of  1875,  and  reelected  in  1879;  elected 
as  a  Republican  to  the  Forty-eighth,  Forty-ninth, 
Fiftieth,  and  Fifty -first  Congresses  (March  4,  1883- 
March  3,  1889);  resumed  the  practice  of  law  in 
Newton,  Kans.;  member  of  the  board  of  managers 
of  the  state  reformatory;  appointed  postmaster  of 
Newton  in  1898  and  twice  reappointed;  editor  of 
the  Newton  Daily  Kansan-Republican;  died  in 
Newton,  Kans.,  April  21,  1910. 

Petrie,  George,  a  Representative  from  New 
York;  born  in  Little  Falls,  N.  Y.,  September  8, 
1793;  attended  common  schools;  elected  to  the 
Thirtieth  Congress  (March  4,  1847-March  3,  1849); 
died  in  Little  Falls,  N.  Y.,  May  8,  1879. 

Petrikin,  David,  a  Representative  from  Penn- 
sylvania; completed  preparatory  studies;  studied 
law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  practiced;  held 
various  local  offices;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the 
Twenty-fifth  and  Twenty-sixth  Congresses  (March 

4,  1837-March  3,   1841);    died  in   Danville,  Pa., 
March  1,  1847. 

Pettibone,  Augustus  Herman,  a  Representa- 
tive from  Tennessee;  born  in  Bedford,  Cuyahoga 
county,  Ohio,  January  21,  1835;  attended  Hiram 


college,  Ohio,  and  was  graduated  from  the  Univer- 
sity of  Michigan  in  1859;  studied  law,  was  admitted 
to  the  bar,  and  commenced  practice  in  La  Crosse, 
Wis.;  entered  the  Union  army  as  a  private  in  1861; 
promoted  to  second  lieutenant,  captain,  and  major 
of  the  twentieth  Wisconsin  volunteers;  resumed 
the  practice  of  his  profession  in  Greenville,  Tenn., 
in  1865;  elected  attorney  general  for  the  first  judi- 
cial circuit  of  Tennessee;  presidential  elector  on 
the  Grant  and  Coif  ax  ticket  in  1868;  for  several 
years  assistant  United  States  district  attorney  for 
the  eastern  district  of  Tennessee;  elector  on  the 
Hayes  and  Wheeler  ticket  in  1876;  elected  as  a 
Republican  to  the  Forty-seventh,  Forty-eighth, 
and  Forty-ninth  Congresses  (March  4,  1881-March 
3,  1887). 

Pettigrew,  Ebenezer,  a  Representative  from 
North  Carolina;  native  of  that  state;  attended 
common  schools;  held  various  local  offices;  elected 
as  a  Whig  to  the  Twenty-fourth  Congress  (March  4, 
1835-March  3,  1837). 

Pettigrew,  Richard  Franklin,  a  Delegate 
and  a  Senator  from  South  Dakota;  born  in  Ludlow, 
Vt.,  July,  1848;  moved  with  his  parents  to  Evans- 
ville,  Rock  county,  Wis.,  in  1854 ;  attended  the  aca- 
demy; entered  Beloit  college  in  1866;  member  of  the 
law  class  in  the  University  of  Wisconsin  in  1869; 
went  to  Dakota  in  July,  1869,  in  the  employ  of  a 
United  States  deputy  surveyor;  located  in  Sioux 
Falls;  engaged  in  Government  surveying  and  the 
real  estate  business  until  1875;  engaged  in  the  prac- 
tice of  law;  elected  to  the  Dakota  legislature  as  a 
member  of  the  council  in  1877  and  reelected  in 
1879;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Forty-seventh 
Congress  (March  4,  1881-March  3,  1883);  elected  to 
the  territorial  council  in  1884  and  1885;  elected  to 
the  United  States  Senate  October  16,  1889,  under 
the  provisions  of  the  act  of  Congress  admitting 
South  Dakota  into  the  Union,  and  served  from 
December  2,  1889;  reelected  in  1895,  and  served 
until  March  3,  1901;  moved  to  New  York  City  and 
practiced  law;  removed  to  Sioux  Falls,  S.  Dak. 

Pettis,  Solomon  Newton,  a  Representative 
from  Pennsylvania;  born  in  Ashtabula  county, 
Ohio,  October  10,  1827;  completed  preparatory 
studies;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and 
in  1848  began  practice  in  Meadville,  Pa. ;  associate 
justice  for  the  Territory  of  Colorado  1861-1862;  re- 
turned to  Meadville,  Pa. ;  elected  as  a  Republican 
to  the  Fortieth  Congress  to  fill  the  vacancy  caused 
by  the  death  of  Darwin  A  Finney,  and  served  from 
December  7,  1868,  to  March  3,  1869;  died  in  Mead- 
ville, Pa.,  September  18,  1900. 

Pettis,  Spencer  Darwin,  a  Representative 
from  Missouri;  born  in  Virginia  in  1802;  completed 
preparatory  studies;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to 
the  bar,  and  began  practice  in  Fayette,  Mo.;  held 
various  local  offices;  elected  to  the  Twenty-first 
Congress  (March  4,  1829-March  3,  1831);  died  in 
St.  Louis,  Mo.,  August  26,  1831. 

Pettit,  Charles,  a  Delegate  from  Pennsylvania; 
born  in  Ilunterdon  county,  N.  J.,  in  1737;  received 
a  thorough  English  training;  studied  law  and  was 
admitted  to  the  bar;  served  several  years  as  deputy 
secretary  of  the  province  of  New  Jersey;  clerk  of  the 
council;  clerk  of  the  supreme  court,  and  of  the  pleas 
court;  surrogate  and  keeper  and  register  of  the 
records  of  the  province  of  New  Jersey;  aide-de-camp 
to  Governor  William  Franklin,  March  8,  1771;  sec- 
retary of  state  of  New  Jersey  and  aide  to  Governor 
Livingston,  October  8,  1776;  assistant  adjutant  gen- 


920 


CONGBESSIONAL   DIEECTOEY. 


eral  on  the  staff  of  Gen.  Nathaniel  Greene  in  the 
Revolutionary  army,  March  2,  1778,  until  his  resig- 
nation March  20,  1781;  declined  the  promotion  to 
quartermaster  general;  became  an  importing  mer- 
chant in  Philadelphia;  member  of  the  state  house 
of  representatives;  Delegate  in  the  Continental 
Congress  1785-1787;  died  in  Philadelphia,  Pa., 
September  3,  1806. 

Pettit,  John,  a  Representative  and  a  Senator 
from  Indiana;  born  in  Sacketts  Harbor,  N.  Y.,  June 
24,  1807;  completed  preparatory  studies;  studied 
law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  moved  to  Lafayette, 
Ind.,  where  he  began  practice  in  1838;  served  two 
terms  as  a  member  of  the  state  house  of  representa- 
tives; United  States  district  attorney;  elected  as 
a  Democrat  to  the  Twenty-eighth,  Twenty-ninth, 
and  Thirtieth  Congresses  (March  4,  1843-March  3, 
1849);  delegate  to  the  state  constitutional  conven- 
tion of  1850;  presidential  elector  on  the  Pierce  and 
King  ticket  in  1852;  elected  to  the  United  States 
Senate,  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  the  death  of 
James  Whitcomb,  and  served  from  January  11, 
1853,  to  March  3,  1855;  chief  justice  of  the  United 
States  courts  in  Kansas;  elected  in  1870  supreme 
judge  of  Indiana;  died  in  Lafayette,  Ind.,  January 
17,  1877. 

Pettit,  John  TJpfold,  a  Representative  from 
Indiana;  born  in  Fabius,  Onondaga  county,  N.  Y., 
September  11,  1820;  was  graduated  from  Union 
college  in  1839;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the 
bar,  and  began  practice  in  Wabash,  Ind.,  in  1841; 
consul  to  Maranham,  Brazil,  1850-1853;  judge  of 
the  circuit  court;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the 
Thirty-fourth,  Thirty-fifth,  and  Thirty-sixth  Con- 
gresses (March  4, 1853-March  3, 1859);  died  in  Wa- 
bash, Ind.,  March  21,  1881. 

Pettus,  Edmund  Winston,  a  Senator  from  Ala- 
bama; born  in  Limestone  county,  Ala.,  July  6, 
1821;  attended  common  schools  of  Alabama  and 
Clinton  college,  in  Smith  county,  Tenn.;  studied 
law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1842,  and  com- 
menced practice  in  Gainesville,  Ala.;  elected  solic- 
itor for  the  seventh  circuit  in  1844;  served  as  a 
lieutenant  in  the  Mexican  war;  resigned  the  office 
of  solicitor  in  1849  and  went  with  a  party  of  his 
neighbors  on  horseback  to  California;  elected 
judge  of  the  seventh  circuit  after  his  return  to 
Alabama  in  1855,  but  resigned  in  1858,  and  moved 
to  Dallas  county;  resumed  the  practice  of  law;  en- 
tered the  Confederate  army  as  major  of  the  twen- 
tieth Alabama  infantry  in  1861,  and  soon  after- 
wards was  made  lieutenant  colonel  of  that  regi- 
ment; made  a  brigadier  general  of  infantry  in  Oc- 
tober, 1863,  and  served  until  the  close  of  the  war; 
returned  to  Selma,  Ala.,  and  practiced  law;  in 
November,  1896,  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the 
United  States  Senate  for  the  term  commencing 
March  4,  1897;  reelected  in  1903,  and  served  until 
his  death  in  Hot  Springs,  N.  C.,  July  27,  1907. 

Peyton,  Balie,  a  Representative  from  Tennes- 
see; born  near  Gallatin,  Tenn.,  November  26,  1803; 
completed  preparatory  studies;  studied  law,  was 
admitted  to  the  bar,  and  began  practice  in  Galla- 
tin, Tenn.;  held  various  local  offices;  elected  as  a 
Whig  to  the  Twenty-third  and  Twenty-fourth  Con- 
gresses (March  4,  1833-March  3,  1837);  served  as 
aide-de-camp  on  the  staff  of  Gen.  W.  J.  Worth, 
during  the  Mexican  war;  was  voted  a  sword  by  the 
legislature  of  Louisiana  for  gallantry  in  this  war; 
minister  to  Chile  1849-1853;  moved  to  New  Orleans; 
United  States  attorney  for  Louisiana;  moved  to 
California;  returned  to  Tennessee;  presidential 


elector  on  the  Bell  and  Everett  ticket  in  1860;  died 
near  Gallatin,  Tenn.,  August  19,  1878. 

Peyton,  Joseph  Hopkins,  a  Representative 
from  Tennessee;  born  in  Sumner  county,  Tenn., 
May  20,  1808;  completed  preparatory  studies; 
studied  medicine,  was  graduated  from  a  regular 
college  in  1837,  and  practiced  a  short  time;  held 
various  local  offices;  member  of  the  state  senate  in 
1840;  elected  as  a  Whig  to  the  Twenty-eighth  and 
Twenty-ninth  Congresses,  and  served  from  March 
4,  1843,  until  his  death  near  Gallatin,  Tenn.,  No- 
vember 11,  1845;  interment  in  Congressional  ceme- 
tery, Washington,  D.  C. 

Peyton,  Samuel  Oldham,  a  Representative 
from  Kentucky;  born  in  Bullitt  county,  Ky.,  Jan- 
uary 8,  1804;  completed  preparatory  studies;  was 
graduated  in  medicine  from  the  Transylvania  uni- 
versity in  1827,  and  began  practice  in  Hartford, 
Ky. ;  state  representative  in  1835;  elected  as  a  Dem- 
ocrat to  the  Thirtieth  Congress  (March  4,  1847- 
March  3,  1849);  defeated  for  reelection  to  the 
Thirty-first  Congress;  again  elected  to  the  Thirty- 
fifth  and  Thirty-sixth  Congresses  (March  4,  1857- 
March  3,  1861);  died  at  Hartford,  Ky.,  January  4, 
1870. 

Phelan,  James,  a  Representative  from  Tennes- 
see; born  in  Aberdeen,  Miss.,  December  7,  1856; 
moved  with  his  father  to  Memphis,  Tenn.,  in  1867; 
attended  the  private  schools  and  the  Kentucky 
military  institute,  near  Frankfort,  in  1871;  entered 
the  University  of  Leipsic,  Saxony,  in  1874;  re- 
ceived the  degree  of  doctor  of  philosophy  in  Feb- 
ruary, 1878;  returned  to  Memphis;  studied  law, 
was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  began  practice  in 
1881;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Fiftieth  and 
Fifty-first  Congresses  and  served  from  March  4, 1887 
until  his  death  January  30,  1891. 

Phelps,  Charles  Edward,  a  Representative 
from  Maryland;  born  in  Guilford,  Vt.,  May  1,  1833; 
moved  with  his  parents  to  New  Jersey  in  1837,  and 
to  Maryland  in  1841;  pursued  classical  studies  in 
St.  Timothy's  Hall,  near  Catonsville,  Md.,  and  was 
graduated  from  Princeton  in  1852;  studied  law  in 
Harvard  law  school,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and 
in  1855  began  practice  in  Baltimore,  Md.;  held  sev- 
eral city  offices;  entered  the  Union  army  August 
20,  1862,  as  lieutenant  colonel  of  the  seventh  regi- 
ment Maryland  volunteers;  colonel  April  13, 1864; 
brevetted  brigadier  general  March  13,  1865,  "for 
gallant  and  meritorious  service";  honorably  dis- 
charged September  9,  1864;  awarded  Congressional 
medal  of  honor  March  30,  1898,  "for,  when  the 
division  and  brigade  commanders  were  wounded 
in  the  assault  at  Laurel  Hill,  Va.,  May  8,  1864,  he 
succeeded  to  the  command  and  led  the  brigade  with 
distinguished  gallantry  and  was  wounded  within  a 
few  feet  of  the  enemy's  works  and  taken  prisoner"; 
was  recaptured  by  General  Sheridan;  elected  as  a 
Union  War  candidate  to  the  Thirty-ninth  Congress 
and  as  a  Union  Conservative  to  the  Fortieth  Con- 
gress (March  4,  1865-March  3,  1869);  resumed  the 
practice  of  law  in  Baltimore,  Md.;  judge  on  the 
supreme  bench  of  Baltimore  City;  died  at  "Wai- 
brook,"  Md.,  December  27,  1908.' 

Phelps,  Darwin,  a  Representative  from  Penn- 
sylvania; born  in  East  Granby,  Conn.;  moved  to 
Ohio,  where  he  completed  preparatory  studies  and 
attended  Western  university;  studied  law,  was  ad- 
mitted to  the  bar,  and  began  practice  in  Kittan- 
ning,  Pa.,  in  1835;  served  one  term  in  the  state 
house  of  representatives;  delegate  to  the  national 


BIOGRAPHIES. 


921 


Republican  convention  in  Chicago  in  1860;  elected 
as  a  Republican  to  the  Forty-first  Congress  (March 
4,  1869-March  3,  1871). 

Phelps,  Elisha,  a  Representative  from  Con- 
necticut; bom  in  Simsbury,  Conn.,  November  7, 
1779;  was  graduated  from  Yale  college  in  1800; 
studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  began 
practice  in  Simsbury;  served  several  years  in  both 
branches  of  the  state  legislature,  and  as  speaker  of 
the  house  in  1821  and  1829;  elected  as  a  Democrat 
to  the  Sixteenth  Congress  (March  4,  1819-March  3, 
1821)  and  reelected  to  the  Nineteenth  and  Twen- 
tieth Congresses  (March  4,  1825-March  3,  1829); 
state  comptroller  1830-1834;  appointed  a  commis- 
sioner to  revise  and  codify  the  state  laws  in  1835; 
died  in  Simsbury,  Conn.,  April  18,  1847. 

Phelps,  James,  a  Representative  from  Con- 
necticut; born  in  Essex,  Conn.,  January  12,  1822; 
completed  an  academic  course;  studied  law,  was 
admitted  to  the  bar,  and  practiced  in  Essex;  mem- 
ber of  the  state  house  of  representatives  1853,  1854, 
and  1856,  and  of  the  state  senate  1858-1859;  elected 
.  a  judge  of  the  superior  court  of  Connecticut  in  1863 
for  a  term  of  eight  years,  and  reelected  in  1871; 
elected  a  judge  of  the  supreme  court  of  errors  of  the 
state  in  1873,  and  resigned  in  1875;  elected  as  a 
Democrat  to  the  Forty-fourth,  Forty-fifth,  Forty- 
sixth,  and  Forty-seventh  Congresses  (March  4, 
1875-March  3,  1883);  died  in  Essex,  Conn.,  Jan- 
uary 15,  1900. 

Phelps,  John  Smith,  a  Representative  from 
Missouri;  born  in  Simsbury,  Conn.,  December  22, 
1814;  was  graduated  from  Trinity  college,  Hartford, 
Conn.;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and 
began  practice  in  Simsbury;  moved  to  Springfield, 
Mp.,in  1837;  served  in  the  state  house  of  represent- 
atives; elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Twenty-ninth, 
and  to  the  eight  succeeding  Congresses  (March  4, 
1845-March  3,  1863);  colonel  in  the  Union  army; 
military  governor  of  Arkansas;  defeated  as  the 
Democratic  candidate  for  the  Thirty-eighth  Con- 
gress; governor  of  Missouri  1877-1881;  died  in  St. 
Louis,  Mo.,  November  20,  1886;  interment  in 
Springfield,  Mo. 

Phelps,  Launcelot,  a  Representative  from  Con- 
necticut; born  in  Windsor,  Conn.,  November  9, 
1784;  moved  with  his  father  to  Colebrook,  Conn., 
in  1794;  attended  the  common  schools;  studied 
medicine,  was  licensed  to  practice,  and  practiced 
in  Colebrook  many  years;  engaged  also  in  agricul- 
tural pursuits,  and  was  interested  in  mercantile 
business  in  Hitchcocksville  (now  Riverton),  Conn., 
where  he  resided  for  a  time;  returned  to  Colebrook; 
held  various  local  offices;  member  of  the  state  gen- 
eral assembly  for  several  terms;  elected  to  the 
Twenty-fourth  and  Twenty-fifth  Congresses  (March 
4,  1835-March  3,  1839);  died  in  Colebrook,  Conn., 
September  1,  1866. 

Phelps,  Oliver,  a  Representative  from  New 
York;  born  in  Windsor,  Conn.,  October  21,  1749; 
completed  preparatory  studies;  became  a  mer- 
chant in  Granville,  Mass;  served  in  the  commissary 
department  of  the  Colonial  army;  settled  in  Suf- 
field,  Mass.;  held  successively  the  offices  of  mem- 
ber of  assembly,  state  senator,  and  member  of  the 
governor's  council;  assisted  in  the  organization  of 
the  Phelpa  and  Gorham  syndicate  in  1788  and 
acted  as  the  representative  of  that  company  in  the 
exploration  of  the  Genesee  country  and  in  negotia- 
tions for  the  extinction  of  the  Indian  title  to  the 
land;  removed  to  Canandaigua,  N.  Y.,  in  1802; 


served  as  first  judge  of  the  county  from  the  date  of 
its  organization,  1789,  until  1793;  elected  to  the 
Eighth  Congress  (March  4,  1803-March  3,  1805); 
judge  of  the  circuit  court;  died  in  Canandaigua, 
N.  Y.,  February  21,  1809. 

Phelps,  Samuel  Shethar,  a  Senator  from  Ver- 
mont; born  in  Litchfield,  Conn.,  May  13,  1793;  was 
graduated  from  Yale  college  in  1811;  studied  law 
and  was  admitted  to  the  bar;  served  in  the  war  of 
1812  as  paymaster;  began  practicing  in  Middle- 
bury,  Vt.,  in  1815;  member  of  the  legislative  coun- 
cil in  1831;  judge  of  the  supreme  court  of  Vermont 
1831-1838;  member  of  state  senate  1838-1839; 
elected  as  a  Whig  to  the  United  States  Senate;  was 
reelected  and  served  from  March  4,  1839,  to  March 
3,  1851;  appointed  to  the  United  States  Senate,  to 
fill  vacancy  caused  by  the  death  of  William  Up- 
ham,  and  served  from  January  17,  1853,  until 
March  16,  1854,  when  the  Senate  decided  that  he 
could  not  hold  his  seat  by  appointment;  died  in 
Middlebury,  Vt.,  March  25,  1855. 

Phelps,  Timothy  Guy,  a  Representative  from 
California;  born  in  Chenango  county,  N.  Y.,  De- 
cember 20,  1824;  completed  preparatory  studies; 
moved  to  California  and  located  in  San  Mateo; 
elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Thirty-seventh  Con- 
gress (March  4,  1861-March  3,  1863);  died  in  San 
Mateo  county,  Cal.,  June  11,  1894. 

Phelps,  William  Wallace,  a  Representative 
from  Minnesota;  born  in  Oakland  county,  Mich., 
June  1,  1826;  was  graduated  from  the  University 
of  Michigan  in  1846;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to 
the  bar,  and  began  practice  in  1848;  held  various 
county  offices;  appointed  register  of  the  United 
States  land  office  at  Red  Wing,  Minn.;  elected  as  a 
Democrat  to  the  Thirty-fifth  Congress  (March  4, 
1857-March  3,  1859);  editor  of  the  Red  Wing  Sen- 
tinal  in  1860;  died  in  Spring  Lake,  Mich.,  August 
3,  1873. 

Phelps,  William  Walter,  a  Representative  from 
New  Jersey ;  born  in  New  York  City  August  24, 1839; 
was  graduated  from  Yale  college  in  1860  and  from 
the  Columbia  college  law  school  in  1863;  retired 
from  the  practice  of  law  in  1868,  refusing  a  judge- 
ship  offered  by  Governor  Fen  ton;  elected  to  the 
Forty-third  Congress  (March  4,  1873-March  3, 
1875);  candidate  for  reelection  to  the  Forty-fourth 
Congress,  but  defeated;  delegate  to  the  national 
Republican  conventions  of  1880  and  1884 ;  minister 
to  Austria  in  1881;  relinquished  the  position  in 
1882;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Forty-eighth, 
Forty-ninth,  and  Fiftieth  Congresses  (March  4, 
1883-March  3,  1889);  declined  a  renomination ;  ap- 
pointed in  1889  by  President  Harrison  one  of  the 
commissioners  to  represent  the  United  States  at 
the  International  Congress  on  the  Samoan  question, 
which  met  in  Berlin;  appointed  minister  to  Ger- 
many, and  served  until  1893;  appointed  a  special 
judge  of  the  court  of  errors  and  appeals  of  the  state 
of  New  Jersey;  died  in  Englewood,  N.  J.,  June  17, 
1894. 

Philips,  John  Finis,  a  Representative  from 
Missouri;  born  in  Boone  county,  Mo.,  December 
31,  1834;  attended  the  State  University  of  Mis- 
souri and  was  graduated  from  Centre  college,  Dan- . 
ville,  Ky.,  in  1855;  studied  law;  member  of  trre 
constitutional  convention  of  Missouri  in  1861; 
commissioned  colonel  in  1862,  and  commanded  a 
regimemt  of  cavalry  in  the  Union  army  until  the 
close  of  the  war;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Forty- 
fourth  Congress  (March  4,  1875-March  3,  1877); 


922 


CONGRESSIONAL   DIRECTORY. 


elected  to  the  Forty-sixth  Congress,  to  fill  vacancy 
caused  by  the  death  of  A.  M.  Lay;  appointed 
United  States  judge  of  the  western  district  of  Mis- 
souri by  President  Cleveland;  a  resident  of  Kansas 
City,  Mo.,  and  retired. 

Phillips,  Fremont  Orestes,  a  Representative 
from  Ohio;  born  in  Lafayette,  Medina  county, 
Ohio,  March  16,  1856;  moved  to  Medina  in  1873; 
attended  the  Medina  high  school,  Medina  normal 
school,  and  Kenyon  college;  studied  law,  was 
admitted  to  the  bar  in  1880  and  practiced ;  held  the 
office  of  probate  judge  of  Medina  county;  elected 
to  the  Fifty-sixth  Congress  (March  4,  1899-March 

3,  1901);  resumed  the  practice  of  law  in  Medina, 
Ohio. 

Phillips,  Henry  Myer,  a  Representative  from 
Pennsylvania;  born  in  Philadelphia,  Pa.,  June  30, 
1811;  completed  preparatory  studies;  held  various 
local  offices;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Thirty- 
fifth  Congress  (March  4,  1857-March  3,  1859);  de- 
feated for  the  Thirty-sixth  Congress;  died  in  Phila- 
delphia, Pa.,  August  3,  1884. 

Phillips,  John,  a  Representative  from  Penn- 
sylvania; native  of  Chester  county,  Pa.;  received 
a  limited  schooling;  elected  as  a  Federalist  to  the 
Seventeenth  Congress  (March  4.  1821-March  3, 
1823). 

Phillips,  Philip,  a  Representative  from  Ala- 
bama; born  in  Charleston,  S.  C.,  December  13, 
1807'  pursued  classical  studies;  studied  law,  was 
admitted  to  the  bar,  and  began  practice  in  Charles- 
ton, S.  C.,  December  14,  1828;  member  of  the  state 
convention  of  1832;  served  two  years  as  a  member 
of  the  legislature;  moved  to  Mobile,  Ala.,  where  he 
resumed  the  practice  of  law;  member  of  the 
Alabama  state  legislature  in  1844  and  1851;  dele- 
gate to  the  national  Democratic  convention  of 
1852;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Thirty-third 
Congress  (March  4,  1853-March  3,  1855);  declined 
a  renomination;  resumed  the  practice  of  law  in 
Washington,  D.  C. 

Phillips,  Stephen  Clarendon,  a  Representa- 
tive from  Massachusetts;  born  in  Salem,  Mass., 
November  4,  1801;  was  graduated  from  Harvard 
university  in  1819 ;  engaged  in  mercantile  pursuits 
in  Salem;  served  in  the  state  house  of  representa- 
tives 1824-1829  and  in  the  senate  in  1830;  elected 
as  a  Whig  to  the  Twenty-third  Congress,  to  fill  va- 
cancy caused  by  the  resignation  of  Rufus  Choate; 
reelected  to  the  Twenty-fourth  and  Twenty-fifth 
Congresses  and  served  from  December  1,  1834,  to 
1838,  when  he  resigned;  mayor  of  Salem  1838- 
1842;  defeated  as  the  Free  Soil  candidate  for  gov- 
ernor in  1848  and  1849;  engaged  in  the  lumber 
business  in  Canada;  perished  in  the  burning  of  the 
steamer  Montreal  on  the  St.  Lawrence  river,  June 
26,  1857. 

Phillips,  Thomas  W.,  a  Representative  from 
Pennsylvania;  born  in  that  section  of  Beaver 
county  now  included  in  Lawrence  county,  Pa., 
February  23,  1835;  attended  the  common  schools 
and  was  privately  instructed;  engaged  in  the  oil 
business;  president  of  the  producers'  protective 
association  1887-1890;  president  of  the  Citizens' 
national  bank  of  Newcastle;  member  of  the  board 
of  trustees  of  Bethany  college,  West  Virginia,  and 
of  Hiram  college,  Ohio;  elected  as  a  Republican  to 
the  Fifty-third  and  Fifty-fourth  Congresses  (March 

4,  1893-March  3,  1897);  member  of  the  Industrial 
commission  until  its  dissolution. 


Phillips,  William  Addison,  a  Representative 
from  Kansas;  born  in  Paisley,  Scotland,  January 
14,  1824;  emigrated  to  the  United  States  in  1838 
and  located  in  New  York  City;  received  a  limited 
schooling;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar, 
and  practiced;  engaged  in  newspaper  work;  moved 
to  Kansas;  entered  the  Union  army  in  1861  as 
major;  served  in  the  Kansas  state  legislature; 
elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Fortv-third,  Forty- 
fourth,  and  Forty-fifth  Congresses  (March  4,  1873- 
March  3,  1879);  died  in  Fort  Gibson,  Ind.  Ter  , 
November  30,  1893. 

Philson,  Robert,  a  Representative  from  Penn- 
sylvania; native  of  Ireland;  emigrated  to  the 
United  States  and  located  in  Pennsylvania;  re- 
ceived a  limited  schooling;  held  various  offices; 
elected  to  the  Sixteenth  Congress  (March  4,  1819- 
March  3,  1821). 

Phister,  Elijah  Conner,  a  Representative 
from  Kentucky;  born  in  Maysville,  Ky.,  October 
8,  1822;  attended  the  seminary  of  Rand  and  Rich- 
ardson, Maysville,  Ky.,  and  was  graduated  from 
Augusta  college,  Kentucky,  in  August,  1840; 
studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  com- 
menced practice  in  1844;  mayor  of  Maysville  in 
January,  1848;  circuit  judge  1856-1862;  member  of 
the  state  legislature  1867-1871;  appointed  by 
Governor  Leslie  one  of  the  commissioners  to  revise 
the  state  statutes  in  1872,  but  declined ;  elected  as 
a  Democrat  to  the  Forty-sixth  and  Forty-seventh 
Congresses  (March  4,  1881-March  3,  1883);  died  in 
Maysville,  Ky.,  May  16,  1887. 

Phoenix,  Jonas  Phillips,  a  Representative 
from  New  York;  born  in  Morristown,  N.  J.,  Janu- 
ary 14,  1788;  received  a  limited  schooling  and  be- 
came a  merchant  in  New  York  City;  held  several 
offices  under  the  city  government;  presidential 
elector  on  the  Harrison  and  Tyler  ticket  in  1841, 
elected  as  a  Whig  to  the  Twenty-eighth  Congress 
(March  4,  1843-March  3,  1845);  elected  a  member 
of  the  state  house  of  representatives  in  1848;  again 
elected  to  the  Thirty-first  Congress  (March  4,  1849- 
March  3,  1851);  died  in  New  York  City,  May  4, 
1859. 

Pickens-,  Andrew,  a  Representative  from 
South  Carolina;  born  in  Paxton,  Pa.,  September  19, 
1739;  attended  the  common  schools;  moved  to 
South  Carolina  in  1752;  entered  the  Revolutionary 
army  as  captain,  and  attained  the  rank  of  brigadier 
general ;  served  in  the  campaign  against  the  Chero- 
kee Indians  in  1782;  served  several  years  as  a  mem- 
ber of  the  statg  house  of  representatives;  elected  to 
the  Third  Congress  (March  4,  1793-March  3,  1795); 
elected  major  general  of  militia  in  1795;  died  in 
Pendleton  district,  S.  C.,  August  11,  1817. 

Pickens,  Francis  Wilkinson,  a  Representative 
from  South  Carolina;  born  in  Tagaloo,  S.  C.,  April 
7,  1805;  completed  preparatory  studies;  studied 
law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  began  practice 
in  Edgefield  district  in  1829;  engaged  in  planting; 
served  several  years  as  a  member  of  the  state  house 
of  representatives;  elected  as  a  Nullifier  to  the 
Twenty-third  Congress  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by 
the  resignation  of  George  McDuffie;  reelected  to  the 
Twenty-fourth,  Twenty-fifth,  Twenty-sixth,  and 
Twenty-seventh  Congresses,  and  served  from  De- 
cember 8,  1834,  to  March  3,  1843;  member  of  the 
state  house  of  representatives  in  1844;  member  of 
the  Nashville  convention  of  1850;  delegate  to  the 
Democratic  national  convention  in  Cincinnati  in 


BIOGRAPHIES. 


923 


1856;  minister  to  Russia  1858-1860;  elected  Confed- 
erate governor  of  South  Carolina  and  took  an  active 
part  in  the  Civil  war;  died  in  Edgefield,  S.  C.,  Jan- 
uary 25,  1869. 

Pickens,  Israel,  a  Representative  from  North 
Carolina  and  a  Senator  from  Alabama;  born  in 
Cabarrus  county,  N.  C.,  January  30,  1780;  moved  to 
Burke  county,  N.  C.,  received  a  limited  schooling; 
state  senator  in  1809;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the 
Twelfth,  Thirteenth,  and  Fourteenth  Congresses 
(March  4,  1811-March  3,  1817);  appointed  register 
of  the  land  office  of  Mississippi  territory  in  1817; 
governor  of  Alabama  1821-1825;  appointed  from 
Alabama  to  the  United  States  Senate,  to  fill  va- 
cancy caused  by  the  death  of  Henry  Chambers, 
and  served  from  February  17, 1826,  until  November 
27, 1826;  died  near  Matanzas,  Cuba,  April  24, 1827. 

Pickering,  Timothy,  a  Senator  and  a  Repre- 
sentative from  Massachusetts;  born  in  Salem,  Mass., 
July  17,  1745;  was  graduated  from  Harvard  college 
in  1763;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1768, 
and  began  practice  in  Salem;  appointed  a  judge  of 
the  court  of  common  pleas  for  Essex  county  in  1775 
and  judge  of  the  provincial  maritime  court;  en- 
tered the  Revolutionary  army  as  colonel ;  appointed 
adjutant  general  May  24,  1777;  elected  by  Congress 
quartermaster  general  (vice  General  Greene); 
Postmaster  General  1791-1794;  appointed  Secre- 
tary of  War  January  2,  1794,  and  Secretary  of  State 
December  10,  1795,  holding  the  last  position  until 
May  10,  1800;  farmer  in  Pennsylvania;  returned  to 
Massachusetts  in  1802;  defeated  candidate  for  the 
Eighth  Congress;  elected  to  the  United  States  Sen- 
ate, to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  the  resignation  of 
D wight  Foster;  reelected  and  served  from  March  4, 
1803,  to  March  3,  1811;  defeated  for  reelection  in 
1811;  member  of  the  executive  council;  elected  as 
a  Federalist  to  the  Thirteenth  and  Fourteenth 
Congresses  (March  4,  1813-March  3,  1817);  re- 
turned to  his  farm  near  Wenham,  Mass.;  died  in 
Salem,  Mass.,  January  29,  1829. 

Pickett,  Charles  Edgar,  a  Representative  from 
Iowa;  born  in  Van  Buren  county,  Iowa,  January 
14,  1866;  attended  the  common  schools,  and  was 
graduated  from  the  Iowa  state  university  in  1888 
and  from  the  law  department  in  1890;  was  admitted 
to  the  bar,  and  engaged  in  practice  in  Waterloo, 
Iowa;  regent  of  the  state  university  from  1896  to 
1909;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Sixty-first 
Congress  (March  4,  1909-March  3,  1911).  Reelected 
to  the  Sixty-second  Congress. 

Pickler,  John  Alfred,  a  Representative  from 
South  Dakota;  born  near  Salem,  Washington 
county,  Ind.,  January  24,  1844;  moved  with  his 
father  to  Davis  county,  Iowa;  entered  the  army 
and  served  in  the  third  Iowa  cavalry;  was  mus- 
tered out  as  captain  in  that  regiment ;  subsequently 
served  six  months  as  major  of  the  one  hundred  and 
thirty-eighth  United  States  Iowa  cavalry;  was 
graduated  from  Iowa  state  university  in  1870,  and 
from  the  Ann  Arbor  law  school  in  1872;  was  ad- 
mitted to  the  bar  and  practiced;  elected  district 
attorney  of  Adair  county,  Mo.,  in  the  fall  of  1872; 
moved  to  Muscatine,  Iowa,  in  1874;  Garfield  elector 
in  1880;  member  of  the  state  legislature  in  1881; 
moved  to  Dakota  in  1883;  elected  to  the  Dakota 
legislature  in  1884,  and  elected  as  a  Republican  to 
the  Fifty-first,  Fifty-scecond,  Fifty-third,  and 
Fifty-fourth  Congresses  (March  4,  1889-March  3, 
1897);  resumed  practice  of  law;  died  in  Franklin, 
S.  Dak.,  June  13,  1910. 


Pickman,  Benjamin,  jr.,  a  Representative  from 
Massachusetts;  born  in  Salem,  Mass.,  September 
30,  1763;  was  graduated  from  Harvard  college  in 
1784;  studied  law  under  Chief  Justice  Parsons,  in 
Newburyport,  Mass.,  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar, 
but  soon  relinquished  the  practice  of  law  and  en- 
gaged in  commercial  pursuits ;  member  of  the  gen- 
eral court  1801-1802  and  1812-1813;  senator  in  1802- 
1804;  member  of  the  executive  council  of  the  state 
1805-1806,  1808-1809,  1813-1815,  and  1819-1821; 
drafted  the  answers  of  the  house  to  the  governor's 
speeches  in  several  sessions;  elected  to  the  Elev- 
enth Congress  (March  4,  1809-March  3,  1811);  in 
1820  member  of  the  convention  to  revise  the  con- 
stitution of  the  state  of  Massachusetts;  overseer  of 
Harvard  college  1810-1818;  president  of  the  direc- 
tors of  the  Theological  school  at  Cambridge  and 
prominently  identified  with  many  religious  and 
educational  societies;  died  in  Salem,  Mass.,  August 
16,  1843 

Pidcock,  James  Nelson,  a  Representative  from 
New  Jersey!  born  in  Whitehouse,  Hunterdon 
county,  N.  J.,  February  8,  1836;  attended  the  dis- 
trict schools;  engaged  in  civil  engineering  1850- 
1857;  farmer  and  dealer  in  live  stock  after  1857; 
state  senator  from  Hunterdon  county  1877-1880; 
elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Forty-ninth  and  Fif- 
tieth Congresses  (March  4,  1885-March  3,  1889); 
died  in  Whitehouse  Station,  N.  Y.,  December  17, 
1899. 

Pierce,  Charles  W.,  a  Representative  from  Ala- 
bama; born  in  New  York  in  1823;  completed  pre- 
paratory studies;  moved  to  Illinois;  served  as  lieu- 
tenant of  Illinois  volunteer  infantry  in  the  Union 
army ;  after  the  war  remained  in  Alabama  and  lo- 
cated in  Demopolis;  held  various  public  offices; 
elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Fortieth  Congress 
(March  4,  1867-March  3,  1869). 

Pierce,  Franklin,  a  Representative  and  a  Sena- 
tor from  New  Hampshire;  born  in  Hillsboro,  N.  H., 
November  23,  1804;  was  graduated  from  Bowdoin 
college  in  1824;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the 
bar,  and  in  1827  began  practice  in  Hillsboro;  mem- 
ber of  the  state  house  of  representatives  1829-1833 ; 
served  as  speaker  1832-1833;  elected  as  a  Democrat 
to  the  Twenty-third  and  Twenty-fourth  Congresses 
(March  4,  1833-March  3,  1837);  elected  to  the 
United  States  Senate  and  served  from  March  4, 
1837,  to  February  28,  1842,  when  he  resigned;  re- 
sumed the  practice  of  law  in  Concord;  served  in 
the  Mexican  war  as  colonel;  commissioned  briga- 
dier general  in  March,  1847,  and  remained  in  Mex- 
ico until  the  close  of  the  war;  member  of  the  New 
Hampshire  state  constitutional  convention  of  1850, 
and  its  president;  elected  President  of  the  United 
States,  receiving  254  electoral  votes  against  42  votes 
for  Winfield  Scott,  and  serving  from  March  4,  1853, 
to  March  3,  1857;  died  in  Concord,  N.  H.,  October 
8,  1869. 

Pierce,  Gilbert  Ashville,  a  Senator  from  North 
Dakota;  born  in  East  Otto,  Cattaragus  county,  N. 
Y. ;  moved  to  Indiana  in  1854 ;  attended  the  univer- 
sity of  Chicago  law  school  two  years;  enlisted  in 
company  H,  ninth  Indiana  volunteers,  in  1861,  and 
elected  second  lieutenant  of  the  company;  ap- 
pointed captain  and  assistant  quartermaster  by 
President  Lincoln;  promoted  to  lieutenant  colonel 
in  November,  1863;  appointed  a  colonel  and  in- 
spector, and  special  commissioner  of  the  War  De- 
partment, and  served  until  October,  1865;  member 
of  the  Indiana  legislature  in  1868;  assistant  finan- 
cial clerk  of  the  United  States  Senate  1869-1871; 


924 


CONGRESSIONAL   DIEECTORY. 


resigned  to  accept  an  editorial  position  on  the  Chi- 
cago Inter-Ocean;  served  as  associate  editor  and 
managing  editor  for  twelve  years;  became  con- 
nected with  the  Chicago  Newt  in  1883;  appointed 
governor  of  Dakota  in  July,  1884;  resigned  in  No- 
vember, 1886;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the 
United  States  Senate,  and  served  from  November 
21,  1889,  to  March  3,  1891;  died  in  Chicago,  111., 
February  15,  1901. 

Pierce,  Henry  Lillie,  a  Representative  from 
Massachusetts;  born  in  S  tough  ton,  Mass.,  August 
23,  1825;  pursued  classical  studies;  engaged  in 
manufacturing;  held  various  local  offices;  member 
of  the  state  house  of  representatives  1860-1866; 
mayor  of  Boston  1873;  elected  as  a  Republican  to 
the  Forty-third  Congress,  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by 
the  death  of  William  Whiting;  reelected  to  the 
Forty-fourth  Congress,  and  served  from  December 
1,  1873,  to  March  3,  1877;  declined  a  renomination ; 
mayor  of  Boston  in  1878;  died  in  Boston,  Mass., 
December  17,  1896. 

Pierce,  Joseph,  a  Representative  from  New 
Hampshire;  attended  school  in  Amherst;  served  in 
the  Revolutionary  war  in  Col.  Pierce  Long's  regi- 
ment 1775-1776;  was  elected  to  the  Seventh  Con- 
gress and  served  from  March  4,  1801,  until  1802, 
when  he  resigned;  died  in  Stafford  county,  N.  H., 
in  1828. 

Pierce,  Bay  Vaugh,  a  Representative  from 
New  York;  bprn  in  Stark,  Herkiiner  county, 
N.  Y.,  August  6,  1840;  attended  public  and  pri- 
vate schools  and  was  graduated  from  a  medical 
college  in  1862;  practiced  medicine  in  Titusville, 
Pa.,  1862-1866;  moved  to  Buffalo,  N.  Y.,in  1867,  and 
engaged  in  the  manufacture  and  sale  of  proprietary 
medicines  and  established  the  Invalids  Hotel 
and  Surgical  Institute;  member  of  the  state  senate 
1877-1879;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Forty- 
sixth  Congress  (March  4,  1879-March  3,  1881);  a 
resident  of  Buffalo,  N.  Y.,  and  a  manufacturer  and 
publisher. 

Pierce,  Rice  A.,  a  Representative  from  Ten- 
nessee; born  in  Dresden,  Weakley  county,  Tenn., 
July  3,  1848;  pursued  an  academic  course;  studied 
law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar  of  the  supreme  court 
in  Raleigh,  N.C.,in  July,  1868;  began  practice  in 
Union  City,  Obion  county,  Tenn.,  in  1869;  elected 
district  attorney  general  of  the  twelfth  judicial 
circuit  in  1874;  reelected  in  1878  for  eight  years; 
elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Forty-eighth  Congress 
(March  4,  1883-March  3,  1885);  reelected  to  the 
Fifty-first  and  Fifty-second  Congresses  (March  4, 
1889-March  3,  1893),  and  reelected  to  the  Fifty- 
fifth,  Fifty-sixth,  Fifty-seventh,  and  Fifty-eighth 
Congresses  (March  4,  1897-March  3,  1905). 

Pierce,  William,  a  Delegate  from  Georgia;  born 
in  Georgia  about  1740;  completed  preparatory 
studies;  served  in  the  Revolutionary  army  with 
distinction  and  received  a  sword  from  Congress; 
engaged  in  mercantile  pursuits  in  Savannah,  Ga.; 
member  of  the  state  general  assembly;  Delegate  in 
the  Continental  Congress  1786-1787;  delegate  from 
Georgia  to  the  convention  which  framed  the  Fed- 
eral constitution;  died  in  Savannah,  Ga.,  Decem- 
ber 10,  1789. 

Pierson,  Isaac,  a  Representative  from  New 
Jersey;  born  in  Orange,  Essex  county,  N.  J., 
August  15,  1770;  was  graduated  from  Princeton 
college  in  1789;  studied  medicine,  was  graduated 
from  the  College  of  Physicians  and  Surgeons,  New 


York  City,  and  began  practice  in  Orange,  N.  J.; 
elected  assessor  of  Orange  April  13, 1807,  and  served 
one  year;  president  of  the  medical  society  of  New 
Jersey  in  1827;  sheriff  of  Essex  county  one  term; 
elected  to  the  Twentieth  and  Twenty-first  Con- 
gresses (March  4,  1827-March  3,  1831);  died  in 
Orange,  N.  J.,  September  22,  1833. 

Pierson,  Jeremiah  Halsey,  a  Representative 
from  New  York;  born  in  Newark,  N.  J.,  September 
13,  1766;  moved  with  parents  to  Richmond,  Mass., 
in  1772;  attended  the  public  schools  of  Richmond 
and  Stockbridge,  Mass.,  and  completed  prepara- 
tory studies;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar, 
and  practiced  in  Massachusetts  and  later  in  New 
York  City  in  1795;  justice  of  the  peace  1802-1807; 
associate  justice  of  the  court  of  common  pleas  in 
1808;  largely  instrumental  in  securing  the  con- 
struction of  the  Erie  railroad ;  elected  as  a  Federal- 
ist to  the  Seventeenth  Congress  (March  4,  1821- 
March  3,  1823);  died  in  Ramapo,  N.  Y.,  December 
12,  1855. 

Pierson,  Job,  a  Representative  from  New 
York;  native  of  New  York;  attended  the  common 
schools;  was  graduated  from  Williams  college  in 
1811;  held  several  local  offices;  elected  to  the 
Twenty-second  and  Twenty-third  Congresses 
(March  4, 1831-March  3, 1835);  died  in  Troy,  N.  Y., 
April  9,  1860. 

Pigott,  James  Protus,  a  Representative  from 
Connecticut;  born  in  New  Haven,  Conn.,  Septem- 
ber 11, 1852;  attended  the  common  schools,  and  was 
graduated  from  Yale  college  in  1878  and  from  the 
law  school  in  1880;  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and 
practiced  in  New  Haven,  Conn.;  member  of  the 
state  house  of  representatives  in  1885  and  1886; 
chairman  of  the  state  delegation  in  the  Democratic 
national  convention  of  1888;  elected  as  a  Democrat 
to  the  Fifty-third  Congress  (March  4,  1893-March 
3, 1895) ;  delegate  at  large  to  the  Democratic  national 
convention  at  Kansas  City  in  1900;  resumed  the 
practice  of  law  in  New  Haven,  Conn. 

Pike,  Austin  Franklin,  a  Representative  and 
a  Senator  from  New  Hampshire;  born  in  Hebron, 
N.  H.,  October  14,  1819;  pursued  an  academic 
course;  studied  law  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar  of 
Merrimack  county  in  July,  1845;  member  of  the 
state  house  of  representatives  in  1850,  1851,  1852, 
1865-1866,  and  was  speaker  of  the  house  the  last 
two  years;  member  of  the  senate  in  1857-1858  and 
president  the  last  year;  delegate  in  thePhiladelphia 
convention  which  nominated  General  Fremont  in 
1856;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Forty-third 
Congress  and  served  from  March  4,  1873,  to  March 
3,  1875;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  United 
Sates  Senate  and  served  from  March  4,  1883,  until 
his  death  in  Franklin,  N.  H.,  October  8,  1886. 

Pike,  Frederick  Augustus,  a  Representative 
from  Maine;  born  in  Calais,  Me.,  December  9,  1817; 
received  a  thorough  English  training;  studied  law, 
was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  in  1840  began  prac- 
tice in  Calais;  one  year  edited  the  Calais  Adver- 
tiser; served  a  number  of  years  as  a  member  of  the 
state  legislature  and  one  year  as  speaker  of  the 
house ;  prosecuting  attorney  for  Washington  county; 
elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Thirty-seventh, 
Thirty-eighth,  Thirty-ninth,  and  Fortieth  Con- 
gresses (March  4, 1863-March  3, 1869) ;  again  elected 
to  the  state  legislature;  defeated  as  the  Liberal 
Republican  candidate  for  the  Forty-third  Con- 
gress; died  in  Calais,  Me.,  December  2,  1886. 


BIOGRAPHIES. 


925 


Pike,  James,  a  Representative  from  New 
Hampshire;  born  in  Salisbury,  Mass.,  November 
10,  1818;  pursued  classical  studies;  studied  the- 
ology and  was  graduated  from  the  Wesleyan  uni- 
versity, Connecticut;  minister  1841-1854;  moved 
to  New  Hampshire;  elected  as  an  American  to  the 
Thirty-fourth  and  Thirty-fifth  Congresses  (March 
4,  1855-March  3,  1859);  colonel  of  the  sixteenth 
New  Hampshire  infantry  October  28,  1862,  to 
August  20,  1863;  after  leaving  Congress  resumed 
preaching  and  became  presiding  elder  of  the 
Dover  district;  died  in  Newfields,  N.  H.,  July  26, 
1895. 

Pile,  William  A.,  a  Representative  from  Mis- 
souri; born  near  Indianapolis,  Ind.,  February  11, 
1829;  completed  preparatory  studies;  studied 
theology  and  became  a  minister  in  the  Methodist 
Episcopal  church  and  a  member  of  the  Missouri 
conference;  entered  the  Union  army;  chaplain 
first  Missouri  light  artillery  June  12,  1861;  lieu- 
tenant colonel  thirty-third  Missouri  infantry 
September  5,  1862;  colonel  December  23,  1862; 
brigadier  general  of  volunteers  December  26,  1863; 
brevet  major  general  April  9,  1865,  "for  gallant 
and  meritorious  service  in  the  siege  and  capture  of 
Fort  Blakeley,  Ala.;"  mustered  out  August  24, 
1865;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Fortieth  Con- 
gress (March  4,  1867-March  3,  1869);  defeated  for 
reelection;  governor  of  New  Mexico  1869-1870; 
minister  resident  to  Venezuela  1871-1874,  when  he 
resigned;  died  in  Monrovia,  Cal.,  July  7,  1889. 

Piles,  Samuel  Henry,  a  Senator  from  Wash- 
ington; born  in  Livingston  county,  Ky.,  December 
28,  1858;  attended  private  schools  in  Smithland, 
Ky.;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and 
located  in  Snohomish,  Wash.,  in  1883;  in  1886 
moved  to  Spokane,  Wash.,  and  later  in  the  same 
year  to  Seattle,  where  he  practiced;  assistant 
prosecuting  attorney  1887-1889;  city  attorney  of 
Seattle  1888-1889;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the 
United  States  Senate  and  served  from  March  4, 
1905,  to  March  3, 1911;  resumed  the  practice  of  law 
in  Seattle,  Wash. 

Pilsbury,  Timothy,  a  Representative  from 
Texas;  born  in  Newbury,  Mass.,  April  12,  1789; 
attended  the  public  schools;  located  in  Maine; 
served  in  the  Maine  legislature  and  was  a  member 
of  the  executive  council;  defeated  for  Congress; 
moved  to  Ohio,  then  to  Louisiana,  and  then  to 
Brazonia,  Tex.;  served  in  the  house  of  representa- 
tives and  the  senate  of  the  Republic  of  Texas; 
elected  as  a  Calhoun  Democrat  to  the  Twenty-ninth 
and  Thirtieth  Congresses  (March  4,  1845-March  3, 
1849);  defeated  for  reelection;  died  near  Danville, 
Tex.,  November  23,  1858. 

Pinckney,  Charles,  a  Delegate,  a  Senator,  and 
a  Representative  from  South  Carolina;  born  in 
Charleston,  S.  C.,  March  9,  1758;  pursued  classical 
studies;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and 
began  practice  in  1779;  member  of  the  provisional 
legislature  1779-1780;  taken  prisoner  by  the  British 
in  1780;  Delegate  in  the  Continental  Congress 
1777-1778,  and  again  in  1784-1787;  also  a  member 
of  the  United  States  constitutional  convention  of 
1787;  member  of  the  state  constitutional  conven- 
tion in  1788  and  1790;  governor  of  South  Carolina 
1789-1792  and  1796-1798;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to 
the  United  States  Senate,  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by 
the  resignation  of  John  Hunter  and  served  from  De- 
cember 4,  1798  to  December,  1801,  when  he  re- 
signed ;  minister  to  Spain  1803-1805;  member  of  the 
state  legislature  1806;  governor  of  South  Carolina 


1806-1808;  again  a  member  of  the  state  legislature 
1810-1814;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Sixteenth 
Congress  (March  4,  1819-March  3,  1821);  died  in 
Charleston,  S.  C.,  October  29, 1824. 

Pinckney,  Henry  Laurens,  a  Representative 
from  South  Carolina;  born  in  Charleston,  S.  C., 
September  24,  1794;  was  graduated  from  South 
Carolina  college  in  1812;  studied  law,  was  admitted 
to  the  bar,  and  began  practice  in  Charleston ;  mem- 
ber of  the  state  house  of  representatives  1816-1832; 
mayor  of  Charleston;  elected  as  a  Whig  to  the 
Twenty-third  and  Twenty-fourth  Congresses 
(March  4,  1833-March  3,  1837);  again  mayor  of 
Charleston  1839-1840;  collector  of  the  port  of 
Charleston;  died  in  Charleston,  S.  C.,  February  3, 
1863. 

Pinckney,  John  McPherson,  a  Representative 
from  Texas;  born  in  Grimes  county,  Tex.,  May  4, 
1845;  attended  the  public  schools  and  was  privately 
instructed;  a  private  soldier  in  the  Confederate 
army;  served  four  years  in  the  fourth  Texas  regi- 
ment, Dodd's  brigade;  studied  law,  was  admitted 
to  the  bar,  and  entered  upon  practice  in  1875; 
served  ten  years  as  district  attorney  for  the  twenty- 
third  judicial  district  of  Texas,  and  three  years  aa 
county  judge  of  Waller  county;  was  elected  aa  a 
Democrat  to  the  Fifty-eighth  Congress  November 
17,  1903,  to  fill  the  vacancy  caused  by  the  resigna- 
tion of  Thomas  H.  Ball;  reelected  to  the  Fifty- 
ninth  Congress  and  served  from  December  7,  1903, 
until  he  was  assaulted  and  killed  in  Hempstead, 
Tex.,  April  24,  1905. 

Pinckney,  Thomas,  a  Representative  from 
South  Carolina;  born  in  Charleston,  S.  C.,  October 
23,  1750;  was  graduated  from  Oxford  university, 
England;  studied  law  in  the  Temple  in  London, 
was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  began  practice  in 
Charleston,  S.  C.,  in  1773;  major  in  the  Revolu- 
tionary army,  and  captured  at  the  battle  of  Gum 
Swamp  in  1780;  governor  of  South  Carolina  1787- 
1789;  member  of  the  state  legislature  in  1791;  min- 
ister to  Great  Britain  January  12,  1792,  to  July  28, 
1796;  minister  to  Spain  November  24,  1794,  to  No- 
vember, 1795;  elected  as  a  Federalist  to  the  Fifth 
Congress,  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  the  resignation 
of  William  Smith;  reelected  to  the  Sixth  Congress, 
and  served  from  November  23,  1797,  to  March  3, 
1801;  appointed  major  general  in  the  war  of  1812 
and  served  throughout  the  war;  president  general 
of  the  Society  of  the  Cincinnati  1825-1829;  died  in 
Charleston,  S.  C.,  November  2,  1828. 

Pindall,  James,  a  Representative  from  Vir- 
ginia; native  of  Virginia;  attended  the  common 
schools;  held  various  local  offices;  elected  as  a 
Federalist  to  the  Fifteenth  and  Sixteenth  Con- 
gresses, and  served  from  March  4,  1817  to  1820, 
when  he  resigned. 

Pindar,  John  Sigsbee,  a  Representative  from 
New  York;  born  in  Sharon,  Schoharie  county,  N.Y., 
November  18, 1835;  attended  the  common  schools 
and  Richmond ville  seminary;  studied  law  and 
was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1865;  elected  president 
of  the  village  of  Cobleskill  in  1882,  1883,  and  1884; 
chairman  of  the  Democratic  county  committee  for 
ten  years;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Forty-ninth 
Congress  (March  4,  1885-March  3,  1887);  resumed 
the  practice  of  law  in  Cobleskill,  N.  Y. ;  was  elected 
to  the  Fifty-first  Congress,  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by 
the  death  of  David  Wilber,  and  served  from  De- 
cember 1,  1890,  to  March  3,  1891;  died  in  Cobles- 
kill,  N.  Y.,  June  30,  1907. 


926 


CONGEESSIONAL   DIKECTORY. 


Pinkney,  William,  a  Representative  and  a 
Senator  from  Maryland;  born  in  Annapolis,  Md., 
March  17,  1764;  pursued  classical  studies;  studied 
medicine,  but  did  not  practice;  studied  law, 
was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1786,  and  began  prac- 
tice in  Harford  county,  Md.;  member  of  the  state 
constitutional  convention  in  1788,  and  of  the  state 
house  of  delegates  1789-1792;  elected  to  the 
Second  Congress,  and  served  from  March  4,  1791, 
to  November  of  that  year,  when  he  resigned,  the 
question  of  ineligibility  being  raised  on  account 
of  nonresidence;  member  of  the  executive  council 
of  Maryland  1792-1795;  again  a  member  of  the 
house  of  delegates  in  1795;  one  of  the  commis- 
sioners at  London  under  Jay's  treaty  1796-1804; 
attorney  general  of  Maryland  1805;  joint  minister 
to  Great  Britain  with  James  Monroe  1806-1807, 
and  minister  plenipotentiary  1807-1811;  returned 
to  Baltimore  in  1811;  served  in  the  state  senate; 
Attorney  General  of  the  United  States  December 
11,  1811,  to  February  10,  1814;  wounded  at  the 
battle  of  Bladensburg,  Md.,  August  24,  1814; 
elected  to  the  Fourteenth  Congress,  and  served 
from  January  8,  1816,  to  April  23,  1816,  when  he 
resigned,  having  been  appointed  minister  to  the 
Two  Sicilies;  minister  plenipotentiary  to  Russia 
1816-1818;  elected  to  the  United  States  Senate,  to 
fill  vacancy  caused  by  the  death  of  Alexander 
Contee  Hanson,  and  served  from  December  21, 
1819,  until  his  death,  in  Washington,  D.  C.,  Feb- 
ruary 25,  1822. 

Piper,  William,  a  Representative  from  Penn- 
sylvania; was  elected  to  the  Twelfth,  Thirteenth, 
and  Fourteenth  Congresses  (March  4,  1811-March 

3,  1817). 

Piper,  William  Augustus,  a  Representative 
from  California;  born  in  Franklin  county,  Pa.,  in 
1825;  attended  common  schools;  moved  to  St. 
Louis,  Mo.;  served  in  the  Mexican  war;  moved  to 
California  in  1848  and  in  1849  located  in  San  Fran- 
cisco, where  he  engaged  in  mercantile  pursuits; 
elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Forty-fourth  Congress 
(March  4,  1875-March  3,  1877);  defeated  for  reelec- 
tion. 

Pirce,  William  Almy,  a  Representative  and  a 
Senator  from  Rhode  Island ;  born  in  Scituate,  R.  I., 
February  29,  1824;  attended  district  schools  and 
Smithfield  seminary;  taught  school;  engaged  in 
the  manufacture  of  cotton  goods  1854-1863;  as- 
sessor of  internal  revenue  for  the  second  district  of 
Rhode  Island  1862-1873;  elected  state  senator  in 
1855;  member  of  the  state  house  of  representatives 
in  1858,  1862,  1879,  1880,  and  1881;'  and  again 
elected  state  senator  in  1882;  chairman  of  the 
Rhode  Island  delegation  in  the  Republican  na- 
tional convention  in  Chicago  in  1880,  and  member 
of  the  Republican  national  committee  1880  and 
1884;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Forty-ninth 
Congress,  and  served  from  March  4,  1885,  to  Jan- 
uary 25,  1887,  when  the  seat  was  declared  vacant 
on  account  of  irregularities  in  the  election;  died 
March  5,  1891,  in  Johnston,  R.  I. 

Pitcher,  Nathaniel,  a  Representative  from 
New  York;  born  in  Litch  field,  Conn.,  in  1777;  re- 
ceived a  limited  schooling;  moved  to  Sandy  Hill, 
N.  Y.;  member  of  the  state  assembly  1806,  1815- 
1817;  delegate  in  the  state  constitutional  conven- 
tion of  1821;  lieutenant  governor  of  New  York  in 
1826  and  acting  governor  upon  the  death  of  Gov- 
ernor Clinton,  1827-1829;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to 
the  Sixteenth  and  Seventeenth  Congresses  (March 

4,  1819-March  3,  1823);  reelected  to  the  Twenty- 


second  Congress  (March  4,  1831-March  3,  1833); 
died  in  Sandy  Hill,  N.  Y.,  May  25,  1836. 

Pitkin,  Timothy,  a  Representative  from  Con- 
necticut; born  in  Farmington,  Conn.,  January  20, 
1766;  was  graduated  from  Yale  college  in  1785; 
studied  law  with  Oliver  Wolcott,  was  admitted  to 
the  bar  in  1788,  and  began  practice  in  Farmington; 
member  of  the  state  assembly  1790-1805,  and 
speaker  five  years;  elected  to  the  Ninth,  and  to  the 
six  succeeding  Congresses  (March  4,  1805-March  3, 
1819);  died  in  New  Haven,  Conn.,  December  18, 
1847. 

Pitman,  Charles  W.,  a  Representative  from 
Pennsylvania;  native  of  New  Jersey;  attended  the 
common  schools;  moved  to  Pottsville,  Pa.;  elected 
as  a  Whig  to  the  Thirty-first  Congress  (March  4, 
1849-March  3,  1851). 

Pitney,  Mahlon,  a  Representative  from  New 
Jersey;  born  in  Morristown,  N.  J.,  February  5, 1858; 
attended  public  schools;  entered  Princeton  college 
in  1875,  and  was  graduated  in  1879;  studied  law 
for  three  years  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in 
June,  1882,  and  practiced  in  Dover,  Morris  county, 
N.  J.,  1882-1889;  returned  to  Morristown;  elected 
as  a  Republican  to  the  Fifty-fourth  and  Fifty-fifth 
Congresses,  and  served  from  March  4,  1895,  until 
January  10,  1899,  when  he  resigned;  state  senator 
1899-1901,  and  president  of  the  senate  in  1901; 
associate  justice  supreme  court  of  New  Jersey  1901- 
1908;  chancellor  1908-1912;  appointed  associate 
justice  of  the  Supreme  Court  of  the  United  States 
February  19,  1912,  and  took  the  oath  of  office 
March  18,  1912. 

Plaisted,  Harris  Merrill,  a  Representative 
from  Maine,  born  in  Jefferson,  N.  H.,  November 
2,  1828;  completed  preparatory  studies;  was  grad- 
uated from  Waterville  college,  Me.,  in  1853; 
studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  in  1856 
began  practice  in  Bangor,  Me. ;  served  in  the  Union 
army ;  lieutenant  colonel  of  the  eleventh  Maine  in- 
fantry October  30,  1861;  colonel  May  12,  1862;  bre- 
vet brigadier  general  of  volunteers  February  21, 
1865;  major  general  March.  13,  1865,  "for  gallant 
and  meritorious  service  during  the  war;"  honor- 
ably discharged  March  25,  1865;  member  of  the 
state  legislature  1867-1868;  delegate  to  the  Repub- 
lican national  convention  in  Chicago  in  1868; 
attorney  general  of  Maine  1873,  1874,  and  1875; 
elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Forty-fourth  Con- 

fress,  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  the  death  of  Samuel 
'.  Hersey,  and  served  from  December  6,  1875,  to 
March  3, 1877;  governor  1881-1882;  died  in  Bangor, 
Me.,  January  31,  1898. 

Plant,  David,  a  Representative  and  a  Senator 
from  Connecticut;  born  in  Stratford,  Conn.,  March 
29,  1783;  was  graduated  from  Yale  college  in  1804; 
studied  law  in  the  Litchfield,  Conn.,  law  school, 
was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  practiced  in  Strat- 
ford; member  of  the  state  house  of  representatives 
1819-1820,  and  its  speaker;  state  senator  1821-1823; 
lieutenant  governor  of  Connecticut  1823-1827; 
elected  to  the  Twentieth  Congress  (March  4,  1827- 
March  3,  1829);  died  in  Stratford,  Conn.,  October 
18,  1851. 

Plants,  Tobias  Avery,  a  Representative  from 
Ohio;  born  in  Beaver  county,  Pa.,  March  17,  1811; 
received  a  limited  schooling;  studied  law,  was  ad- 
mitted to  the  bar,  and  began  practice  in  Pomeroy, 
Ohio;  served  several  years  as  a  member  of  the  state 
legislature;  elected  as  a  Federalist  to  the  Thirty- 


BIOGRAPHIES. 


927 


ninth  and  Fortieth  Congresses  (March  4,  1865- 
March  3, 1869) ;  judge  of  the  court  of  common  pleas; 
died  in  Pomeroy,  Ohio,  June  19,  1887. 

Plater,  George,  a  Delegate  from  Maryland; 
born  in  Sotterly,  near  Leonardtown,  St.  Marys 
county,  Md.,  Novembers,  1735;  was  graduated  from 
William  and  Mary  college  in  1753;  studied  law  and 
began  practice  in  Annapolis,  Md. ;  member  of  Mary- 
land house  of  delegates  in  1758;  naval  officer  at  Pa- 
tuxent  1767-1771;  judge  of  the  provincial  court 
1771-1773;  member  of  the  council  1773-1774;  rep- 
resented St.  Marys  county  in  the  Annapolis  con- 
ventions of  1776;  delegate  in  the  Continental  Con- 
gress 1778-1781 ;  president  of  the  state  constitutional 
convention  which  ratified  the  Federal  Constitu- 
tion; presidential  elector  in  1789;  governor  of 
Maryland  in  1791;  died  in  Annapolis,  Md.,  Febru- 
ary 10,  1792;  interment  in  Sotterly,  Md. 

Plater,  Thomas,  a  Representative  from  Mary- 
land; a  native  of  Annapolis,  Md.;  received  a  lim- 
ited education;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the 
bar,  and  practiced;  held  several  local  offices; 
elected  to  the  Seventh  and  Eighth  Congresses 
(March  4,  1801-March  3,  1805). 

Platt,  James  H.,  jr.,  a  Representative  from 
Virginia;  born  of  American  parents  in  St.  Johns, 
Canada,  July  13,  1837;  completed  preparatory 
studies  and  was  graduated  from  the  medical  de- 
partment of  the  University  of  Vermont  in  1859; 
entered  the  Union  army  in  1861  as  first  sergeant  of 
the  third  Vermont  volunteers;  served  as  captain 
and  lieutenant  colonel  and  assigned  to  duty  as 
chief  quartermaster  of  the  sixth  corps,  but  de- 
clined; settled  in  Petersburg,  Va.,  April  6,  1865; 
elected  a  member  of  the  constitutional  convention 
of  Virginia  in  1867;  moved  to  Norfolk,  Va. ;  elected 
as  a  Republican  to  the  Forty-first,  Forty -second, 
and  Forty-third  Congresses  (March  4,  1869-March 
3,  1875);  defeated  as  the  Republican  candidate  for 
the  Forty -fourth  Congress. 

Platt,  Jonas,  a  Representative  from  New 
York;  born  in  Poughkeepsie,  N.  Y.,  June  30,  1769; 
received  a  limited  schooling;  studied  law,  was  ad- 
mitted to  the  bar,  and  practiced  in  Poughkeepsie; 
held  various  local  offices;  elected  to  the  Sixth  Con- 
gress (March  4,  1799-March  3,  1801);  appointed  a 
justice  of  the  supreme  court  of  New  York  February 
23,  1814;  died  in  Peru,  N.  Y.,  February  22,  1834. 

Platt,  Orville  Hitchcock,  a  Senator  from  Con- 
necticut; born  in  Washington,  Conn.,  July  19, 1827; 
was  graduated  from  Gunn  academy,  Wrashington, 
Conn.,  and  attended  the  Litchfield  law  school;  was 
admitted  to  the  bar  in  1849  and  practiced  in 
Philadelphia,  Pa.,  1849-1851,  and  in  Meriden, 
Conn.,  after  1851;  clerk  of  the  state  senate  1855- 
1856;  secretary  of  state  of  Connecticut  in  1857; 
member  of  the  state  senate  in  1861-1862;  member 
of  the  state  house  of  representatives  in  1864  and 
1869,  and  served  as  speaker  in  1869;  state's  attorney 
for  New  Haven  county  1877-1879;  elected  as  a  Re- 
publican to  the  United  States  Senate  in  1879 ;  re- 
elected  in  1885,  1891,  1897,  and  1903;  served  from 
March  4,  1879,  until  his  death  in  West  Meriden, 
Conn.,  April  21,  1905. 

Platt,  Thomas  Collier,  a  Representative  and  a 
Senator  from  New  York;  born  in  Owego,  N.  Y., 
July  15,  1833;  was  prepared  for  college  in  the 
Owego  academy  and  attended  Yale  1849-1850; 
entered  mercantile  life  and  was  president  of  the 
Tioga  national  bank  at  its  organization;  largely 


interested  in  the  lumbering  business  in  Michigan; 
clerk  of  Tioga  county  1859-1861;  elected  to  the 
Forty-third  and  Forty-fourth  Congresses  (March 
4,  1873-March  3,  1877);  elected  to  the  United 
States  Senate  January  18,  1881,  and  served  from 
March  4,  1881,  to  May  16,  1881,  when  he  resigned 
with  his  colleague,  Roscoe  Conkling,  on  account  of 
a  disagreement  with  President  Garfield  over  Fed- 
eral appointments  in  New  York;  secretary  and 
director  of  the  United  States  Express  Company  in 

1879,  and  in  1880  elected  president  of  the  company; 
member  and  president  of  the  board  of  quarantine 
commissioners  of  New  York  1880-1888 ;  delegate  to 
the    Republican    national    conventions    of    1876, 

1880,  1884,  1888,  1892,  1896,  1900,  and  1904;  mem- 
ber of  the  national  Republican  committee;  elected 
to  the  United  States  Senate  in  1896;  reelected  and 
served  from  March  4,  1897,  to  March  3,  1909;  died 
in  New  York  City,  March  6,  1910. 

Platt,  Zephaniah,  a  Delegate  from  New  York; 
born  in  Dutchess  county,  N.  Y.,  in  1740;  received 
a  thorough  English  training;  studied  law,  was  ad- 
mitted to  the  bar,  and  practiced;  Delegate  in  the 
Continental  Congress  1784-1786;  district  judge  for 
several  years;  one  of  the  projectors  of  the  Erie 
canal;  died  in  Plattsburg,  N.  Y.,  September  12, 
1807. 

Pleasants,  James,  a  Representative  and  a 
Senator  from  Virginia;  born  in  Goochland  county, 
Va.,  October  24,  1769;  pursued  classical  studies; 
studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  began 
practice  in  Goochland;  state  representative  in 
1796-1803;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Twelfth 
Thirteenth,  Fourteenth,  Fifteenth,  and  Sixteenth 
Congresses,  and  served  from  March  4,  1811,  until 
December  14, 1819,  when  he  resigned ;  elected  to  the 
United  States  Senate  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  the 
resignation  of  John  W.  Eppes,  and  served  from 
December  10, 1819,  to  December  15,  1822,  when  he 
resigned  to  become  governor  of  Virginia;  delegate 
to  the  state  constitutional  convention  1829-1830; 
died  near  Goochland,  Va.,  November  9,  1839. 

Plowman,  Thomas  Scales,  a  Representative 
from  Alabama;  born  June  8,  1843;  joined  the  Con- 
federate service  in  May,  1862,  as  a  member  of 
company  F,  fifty-first  Alabama  cavalry,  and  was 
engaged  in  all  the  battles  of  the  regiment  from 
Murfreesboro  to  Atlanta;  severely  wounded  in  the 
battle  of  Atlanta,  July  22,  1864;  engaged  in  the 
mercantile  business  in  Talladega,  Ala. ;  three  times 
mayor;  delegate  in  the  national  convention  in  St. 
Louis  in  1888 ;  for  a  number  of  years  president  of  the 
First  National  bank  of  Talladega;  presented  cre- 
dentials as  Member-elect  and  as  a  Democrat  to  the 
Fifty-fifth  Congress  and  served  from  March  4,  1897, 
to  February  9,  1898,  when  he  was  succeeded  by 
William  F.  Aldrich,  who  contested  his  election; 
member  of  the  state  senate  in  1912. 

Plumb,  Preston  B.,  a  Senator  from  Kansas; 
born  in  Delaware  county,  Ohio,  October  12,  1837; 
attended  the  common  schools;  learned  the  art  of 
printing  and  afterwards  aided  in  establishing  the 
Xenia  News;  moved  to  Kansas  in  1856  and  estab- 
lished the  Emporia  News;  member  of  the  Leaven- 
worth  constitutional  convention  of  1859;  studied 
law  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1861;  elected 
to  the  lower  house  of  the  Kansas  legislature  in 
1862;  reporter  of  the  supreme  court;  in  August, 
1862,  entered  the  Union  army  as  second  lieutenant 
in  the  eleventh  Kansas  infantry,  and  served  suc- 
cessively as  captain,  major,  and  lieutenant  colonel; 
member  and  speaker  of  the  Kansas  house  of  repre- 


928 


CONGRESSIONAL   DIRECTORY. 


sentatives  in  1867,  and  member  in  1868;  relin- 
quished the  practice  of  law  and  became  president 
of  the  Emporia  national  bank  in  1873;  elected  as  a 
Republican  to  the  United  States  Senate;  reelected 
in  1883  and  1888;  served  from  March  4,  1877,  until 
his  death  in  Washington,  D.  C.,  December  20, 
1891. 

Plumb,  Ralph,  a  Representative  from  Illinois; 
born  in  Busti,  Chautauqua  county,  N.  Y.,  March 
29,  1816;  attended  the  common  schools;  engaged  as 
a  merchant  for  eighteen  years;  elected  in  1855  a 
member  of  the  lower  house  of  the  Ohio  legislature; 
studied  law  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar;  served  in 
the  Union  army  as  captain  and  quartermaster  of 
volunteers  1861-1865;  was  bre vetted  lieutenant 
colonel;  engaged  in  coal  mining  and  railroad  build- 
ing; mayor  of  Streator,  111.,  1882-1885;  elected  as  a 
Republican  to  the  Forty-ninth  and  Fiftieth  Con- 
gresses (March  4,  1885-March  3,  1889);  died  in 
Streator,  111.,  April  8,  1903. 

Plumer,  Arnold,  a  Representative  from  Penn- 
sylvania; born  near  Cooperstown,  Pa.,  June  6, 
1801;  completed  preparatory  studies;  elected  as  a 
Democrat  to  the  Twenty-fifth  Congress  (March  4, 
1837-March  3,  1839);  reelected  to  the  Twenty- 
seventh  Congress  (March  4,  1841-March  3,  1843); 
died  in  Franklin,  Pa.,  April  28,  1869. 

Plumer,  George,  a  Representative  from  Penn- 
sylvania; born  near  Pittsburgh,  Pa.,  December  5, 
1762;  received  a  limited  schooling;  elected  as  a 
Democrat  to  the  Seventeenth,  Eighteenth,  and 
Nineteenth  Congresses  (March  4,  1821-March  3, 
1827);  died  near  West  Newton,  Pa.,  June  8,  1843. 

Plumer,  William,  a  Senator  from  New  Hamp- 
shire; born  in  Newburyport,  Mass.,  June  25,  1759; 
moved  with  his  parents  to  Epping,  N.  H.,  in  1768; 
completed  preparatory  studies;  studied  law,  was 
admitted  to  the  bar,  and  began  practice  in  1787  in 
Epping;  held  various  local  offices;  served  eight 
terms  in  the  state  house  of  representatives  and  two 
years  as  speaker;  president  of  the  state  senate 
1810-1811;  member  of  the  state  constitutional  con- 
vention in  1791-1792;  elected  to  the  United  States 
Senate  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  the  resignation  of 
James  Sheafe,  and  served  from  June  17,  1802,  to 
March  3,  1807;  governor  of  New  Hampshire  1812- 
1813  and  1816-1819;  presidential  elector  in  1820; 
retired  and  was  devoted  to  literary  pursuits;  died 
in  Epping,  N.  H.,  December  22,  1850. 

Plumer,  William,  a  Representative  from  New 
Hampshire;  born  in  Epping,  N.  H.,  October  9, 
1789'  was  graduated  from  Harvard  college  in  1809; 
studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  but  never 
practiced;  United  States  commissioner  of  loans 
1816-1817;  served  several  years  in  both  branches 
of  the  state  legislature;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to 
the  Sixteenth,  Seventeenth,  and  Eighteenth  Con- 
gresses (March  4,  1821-March  3,  1827);  member  of 
the  constitutional  convention  of  1850;  died  in 
Epping,  N.  H.,  September  18,  1854. 

Plumley,  Frank,  a  Representative  from  Ver- 
mont; born  in  Eden,  Vt.,  December  17,  1844;  at- 
tended the  public  schools,  an  academy,  and  was 
one  year  in  Michigan  university,  law  department; 
was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  Lamoille  county,  Vt., 
May,  1869,  and  began  practice  in  Northfield; 
state's  attorney  of  Washington  county  1876-1880; 
district  attorney  of  the  United  States  for  the  dis- 
trict of  Vermont  1889-1894;  appointed  a  member 
of  the  Vermont  court  of  claims  in  1902;  chief  judge 


1904-1906;  was  appointed  umpire  by  President 
Roosevelt  in  1903  of  the  mixed  commissions  of 
Great  Britain  and  Venezuela,  and  Holland  and 
Venezuela,  sitting  in  Caracas;  was  later  selected 
by  France  and  by  Venezuela  as  umpire  in  the 
French- Venezuela  mixed  commission,  which  sat 
in  Northfield  in  1905;  trustee  of  Norwich  univer- 
sity; elected  to  the  state  house  of  representatives 
in  1882,  and  to  the  state  senate  in  1894;  delegate 
in  the  Republican  national  convention  in  Chicago 
in  1888;  chairman  of  the  Vermont  Republican  con- 
vention in  1886;  for  many  years  trustee  of  the 
Northfield  savings  bank  and  its  vice  president; 
elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Sixty-first  Congress 
(March  4,  1909-March  3,  1911).  Reelected  to  the 
Sixty -second  Congress. 

Plummer,  Franklin  E.,  a  Representative  from 
Mississippi;  native  of  Virginia;  completed  prepara- 
tory studies;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar, 
and  began  practice  in  Westville,  Miss.;  held  vari- 
ous local  offices;  elected  to  the  Twenty-second  and 
Twenty-third  Congresses  (March  4,  1831-March  3, 
1835);  died  in  Jackson,  Miss.,  September  24,  1802. 

Poehler,  Henry,  a  Representative  from  Minne- 
sota; born  in  Lippe-Detmold,  Germany,  August  22, 
1833;  attended  common  schools;  emigrated  to  the 
United  States  in  April,  1848,  and  settled  in  Iowa; 
moved  to  Henderson,  Sibley  county,  Minn.,  in 
1853;  engaged  in  mercantile  business;  elected  a 
member  of  the  first  state  legislature  in  1857-1858, 
and  reelected  in  1865;  state  senator  1872-1873;  and 
1876-1877;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Forty-sixth 
Congress  (March  4,  1879-March  3,  1881);  defeated 
for  reelection  in  1886;  candidate  for  state  treasurer, 
and  defeated;  moved  to  Los  Angeles,  Cal.,  in  1896. 

Poindexter,  George,  a  Delegate,  a  Represent- 
ative, and  a  Senator  from  Mississippi;  born  in 
Louisa  county,  Va.,  in  1779;  completed  prepara- 
tory studies;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar, 
and  began  practice  in  Richmond,  Va.;  moved  to 
the  Territory  of  Mississippi  in  1802  and  practiced 
law  in  Natchez;  held  various  offices;  attorney  gen- 
eral of  the  territory  under  Governor  Claiborne; 
member  of  the  state  general  assembly  in  1805; 
elected  a  Delegate  from  Mississippi  territory  to  the 
Tenth,  Eleventh,  and  Twelfty  Congresses  (March 
4,  1807 -March  3,  1813);  United  States  district 
judge  for  the  territory;  served  in  the  War  of  1812; 
elected  a  Representative  to  the  Fifteenth  Congress 
(March  4,  1817-March  3,  1819);  governor  of  Mis- 
sissippi 1819-1821;  appointed  to  the  United  States 
Senate  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  the  death  of 
Robert  H.  Adams;  subsequently  elected  and  served 
from  October  15,  1830,  to  March  3,  1835;  moved 
to  Kentucky  and  practiced  law  in  Lexington; 
returned  to  Jackson,  Miss.,  and  died  there  Sep- 
tember 5, 1853. 

Poindexter,  Miles,  a  Representative  and  a 
Senator  from  Washington;  born  in  Memphis,  Tenn., 
April  22,  1868;  attended  Fancy  Hill  academy, 
Rockbridge  county,  Va.,  and  Washington  and  Lee 
university,  Lexington,  Va.,  in  both  the  academic 
and  law  departments,  and  was  graduated  from  the 
law  department  in  June,  1891;  located  in  Walla 
Walla,  Wash.,  October  10,  1891,  and  began  the 
practice  of  law;  in  November,  1892,  was  elected 
prosecuting  attorney  of  Walla  Walla  county;  Octo- 
ber 10,  1897,  moved  to  Spokane;  assistant  prose- 
cuting attorney  for  Spokane  county  for  six  years, 
until  elected  judge  of  the  superior  court  in  Novem- 
ber, 1904;  remained  upon  the  bench  until  nomi- 
nated for  Congress,  September  8,  1908;  elected  as  a 


BIOGRAPHIES. 


929 


Republican  to  the  Sixty-first  Congress  (March  4, 
1909-March  3,  1911);  elected  to  the  United  States 
Senate  for  the  term  beginning  March  4,  1911. 

Poinsett,  Joel  Roberts,  a  Representative  from 
South  Carolina;  born  in  Charleston,  S.  C.,  March  2, 
1779;  completed  preparatory  studies;  studied  medi- 
cine in  Edinburgh,  Scotland,  and  attended  the 
military  school  in  Woolwich,  England;  sent  to 
South  America  by  President  Madison  in  1809  to 
investigate  the  prospects  of  the  revolutionists 
there;  returned  to  South  Carolina;  held  various  lo- 
cal offices;  elected  as  a  Federalist  to  the  Seven- 
teenth and  Eighteenth  Congresses  (March  4,  1821- 
March  3,  1825);  minister  to  Mexico  1825-1829;  Sec- 
retary of  War  under  President  Van  Buren  1837- 
1841;  died  in  Statesburg,  S.  C.,  December  12,  1851. 

Poland,  Luke  Potter,  a  Senator  and  a  Repre- 
sentative from  Vermont;  born  in  Westford,  Vt., 
November  1,  1815;  attended  the  common  schools 
and  Jericho  academy;  studied  law,  and  was  ad- 
mitted to  the  bar  in  December,  1836,  and  prac- 
ticed in  Waterville,  Vt.;  register  of  probate  1839- 
1840;  prosecuting  attorney  of  Lamoille  county 
1844—1845;  member  of  the  constitutional  conven- 
tion of  1843;  elected  a  judge  of  the  supreme  court 
of  Vermont  in  1848-1860;  became  chief  justice  in 
1860,  and  served  until  November,  1865,  when  he 
resigned;  appointed  and  subsequently  elected  to 
the  Senate  of  the  United  States,  to  fill  vacancy 
caused  by  the  death  of  Jacob  Collamer;  was  re- 
elected  and  served  from  November  21,  1865,  to 
March.  3,  1867;  elected  a  Representative  to  the 
Fortieth,  Forty-first,  Forty-second,  and  Forty-third 
Congresses  (March  4,  1867-March  3,  1875);  elected 
to  the  Vermont  house  of  representatives  in  1878; 
elected  by  the  legislature  a  trustee  of  the  Univer- 
sity of  Vermont  and  State  Agricultural  college; 
president  of  the  First  National  bank  of  St.  Johns- 
bury  for  twenty  years;  elected  as  a  Republican  to 
the  Forty -eighth  Congress  (March  4,  1883-March  3, 
1885);  declined  a  renomination;  died  in  his  coun- 
try home  near  Waterville,  Vt.,  July  2,  1887. 

Polk,  James  Knox,  a  Representative  from  Ten- 
nessee; born  near  Little  Sugar  Creek,  Mecklenburg 
county,  N.  C.,  November  2,  1795;  moved  with  his 
parents  to  Tennessee  in  1806;  was  graduated  from 
the  University  of  North  Carolina  in  1818;  studied 
law,  and  in  1820  was  admitted  to  practice;  served 
in  the  state  legislature  1823-1825;  elected  as  a 
Democrat  to  the  Nineteenth,  and  to  the  six  suc- 
ceeding Congresses  (March  4,  1825-March  3,  1839); 
served  as  Speaker  from  December  7,  1835;  governor 
of  Tennessee  in  1839 ;  elected  as  a  Democrat  Presi- 
dent of  the  United  States  in  1844,  and  served  from 
March  4,  1845,  to  March  3,  1849;  declined  a  re- 
nomination;  died  in  Nashville,  Tenn.,  June  15, 
1849;  interment  within  the  grounds  of  the  state 
capitol. 

Polk,  Bufus  King,  a  Representative  from  Penn- 
sylvania; born  in  Columbia,  Maury  county,  Tenn., 
August  23,  1866;  attended  the  Webb's  academy, 
Culleoka,  Tenn.,  and  Lehigh  university,  South 
Bethlehem,  Pa. ;  was  graduated  a  mining  engineer; 
served  as  first  lieutenant  company  F,  twelfth  regi- 
ment Pennsylvania  volunteer  infantry,  in  the  war 
with  Spain;  interested  in  the  manufacture  of  iron 
and  steel  as  general  manager  of  the  Danville  Bes- 
semer company;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the 
Fifty-sixth  and  Fifty-seventh  Congresses,  and 
served  from  March  4,  1899,  until  his  death,  in 
Philadelphia,  Pa.,  March  5,  1902. 

50346°— S.  Doc.  654,  61-2 59 


Polk,  Trusten,  a  Senator  from  Missouri; 
born  in  Sussex  county,  Del.,  May  29,  1811;  was 
graduated  from  Yale  college  in  1831;  studied  law, 
was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  began  practice  in  St. 
Louis,  Mo.,  in  1835;  a  delegate  to  the  Missouri 
state  constitutional  convention  of  1845;  presiden- 
tial elector  in  1848;  inaugurated  as  governor  of 
Missouri  in  January,  1857,  but  soon  afterwards  re- 
signed ;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  United  States 
Senate,  and  served  from  March  4,  1857,  to  January 
10,  1862,  when  he  was  expelled  for  disloyalty;  was 
a  prisoner  of  war  in  1864;  judge  in  the  military 
courts  of  the  department  of  Mississippi  1864-1865; 
died  in  St.  Louis,  Mo.,  April  16,  1876. 

Polk,  William  Hawkins,  a  Representative  from 
Tennessee;  born  in  Maury  county,  Tenn.,  May  24, 
18J.5;  attended  the  University  of  North  Carolina 
1832-1833;  was  graduated  from  the  University  of 
Tennessee;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar, 
and  began  practice  in  Columbia,  Tenn.,  in  1839; 
state  representative  1842-1845;  minister  to  Naples 
1845-1847;  major  in  the  Mexican  war  1847-1848; 
elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Thirty-second  Con- 
gress (March  4,  1851-March  3,  1853);  died  in  Nash- 
ville, Tenn.,  December  16,  1862. 

Pollard,  Ernest  Mark,  a  Representative  from 
Nebraska;  born  in  Nehawka,  Cass  county,  Nebr., 
April  15,  1869;  attended  the  district  school  in  Ne- 
hawka and  was  graduated  from  the  Nebraska  state 
university,  in  Lincoln,  in  1893;  engaged  in  busi- 
ness and  in  apple  growing;  member  of  the  state 
legislature  1896-1897  and  1898-1899;  president  of 
the  Nebraska  Republican  league  in  1900;  elected 
as  a  Republican  to  the  Fifty-ninth  Congress,  to  fill 
vacancy  caused  by  the  resignation  of  Elmer  J. 
Burkett;  reelected  to  the  Sixtieth  Congress,  and 
served  from  December  4,  1905,  to  March  4,  1909. 

Pollard,  Henry  M.,  a  Representative  from  Mis- 
souri; born  in  Plymouth,  Vt.,  June  14,  1836;  was 
graduated  from  Dartmouth  college  in  1857;  served 
in  the  Union  army  as  major  of  the  eighth  regiment 
of  Vermont  volunteers;  moved  to  Chillicothe,  Mo., 
in  1865;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Forty-fifth 
Congress  (March  4,  1877-March  3,  1879). 

Pollock,  James,  a  Representative  from  Penn- 
sylvania; born  in  Milton,  Pa.,  September  11,  1810; 
was  graduated  from  Princeton  college  in  1831; 
studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  prac- 
ticed in  Milton,  Pa.;  judge  of  the  court  of  common 
pleas;  elected  as  a  Whig  to  the  Twenty-eighth  Con- 
gress, to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  the  death  of  Henry 
Frick;  reelected  to  the  Twenty-ninth  and  Thirtieth 
Congresses,  and  served  from  April  23,  1844,  to 
March  4,  1849;  governor  of  Pennsylvania  1855- 
1858;  delegate  to  the  peace  convention  in  Wash- 
ington, D.  C.,  in  1861;  director  of  the  mint  in 
Philadelphia  1861-1867;  died  in  Lock  Haven,  Pa., 
April  19,  1890. 

Polsley,  Daniel  Haymond,  a  Representative 
from  West  Virginia;  born  near  Fairmont,  Va.,  No- 
vember 28,  1803;  completed  preparatory  studies; 
studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  prac- 
ticed several  years  in  Wellsburg,  Brooke  county, 
Va.;  became  a  farmer;  member  of  the  West  Vir- 
ginia constitutional  convention  of  1861;  elected 
governor  of  the  loyal  state  of  Virginia  in  1861; 
elected. judge  of  the  seventh  judicial  district  of 
West  Virginia  in  1863;  elected  as  a  Republican  to 
the  Fortieth  Congress  (March  4,  1867-March  3, 
1869);  died  in  Point  Pleasant,  W.  Va.,  October  14, 
1877. 


930 


CONGRESSIONAL   DIRECTORY. 


Pomeroy,  Charles,  a  Representative  from 
Iowa;  born  in  Meriden,  Conn.,  September  3,  1825; 
completed  preparatory  studies;  studied  law,  was 
admitted  to  the  bar,  and  practiced;  engaged  in 
farming;  moved  to  Iowa  in  1855;  a  presidential 
elector  on  the  Lincoln  ticket  in  1860;  appointed 
receiver  of  the  United  States  land  office  at  Fort 
Dodge,  Iowa,  in  1861;  elected  as  a  Republican  to 
the  Forty-first  Congress  (March  4,  1869-March  3, 
1871);  died  in  Washington,  D.  C.,  February  11, 
1890. 

Pomeroy,  Samuel  Clarke,  a  Senator  from  Kan- 
sas; born  in  Southampton,  Mass.,  January  3,  1816; 
was  graduated  from  Amherst  college,  Mass. ;  moved 
to  New  York  City,  where  he  resided  several  years; 
returned  to  Southampton,  Mass.;  held  various 
local  offices;  member  of  the  legislature  in  1852- 
1853;  moved  to  Kansas  in  1854;  settled  in  Law- 
rence; moved  to  Atchison,  Kans.,  in  1859,  and  was 
its  mayor;  delegate  to  the  national  Republican 
conventions  of  1856  and  1860;  elected  to  the 
United  States  Senate;  reelected  and  served  from 
April  4,  1861,  to  March  3,  1873;  defeated  as  a  can- 
didate for  the  United  States  Senate  in  1873;  re- 
sided in  Washington,  D.  C.,  for  several  years;  died 
in  Whitinsville,  Mass.,  August  27,  1891. 

Pomeroy,  Theodore  Medad,  a  Representa- 
tive from  New  York;  born  in  Cayuga,  N.  Y.,  De- 
cember 31,  1824;  pursued  classical  studies  and  was 
graduated  from  Hamilton  college,  N.  Y.,  in  1842; 
studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1846,  and 
practiced  in  Auburn,  N.  Y.,  1846-1870;  district 
attorney  of  Cayuga  county  1850-1856;  member  of 
the  general  assembly  of  New  York  in  1857;  elected 
as  a  Republican  to  the  Thirty-seventh,  Thirty- 
eighth,  Thirty-ninth,  and  Fortieth  Congresses 
(March  4, 1861-March  3,  1869);  was  elected  Speaker 
of  the  House  March  3,  1869;  mayor  of  Auburn, 
N.  Y.,  1875-4876;  state  senator  1878-1879;  engaged 
in  the  banking  business  in  Auburn  after  1870;  first 
vice  president  and  general  counsel  of  the  American 
Express  company;  delegate  in  the  Republican 
national  conventions  of  1860  and  1876  and  tem- 

Sarary  chairman  of  the  latter;  died  in  Auburn, 
.  Y.,  March  23,  1905. 

Pond,  Benjamin,  a  Representative  from  New 
York;  born  in  Stockbridge,  Mass.,  in  1768;  attended 
the  district  school;  moved  to  Poultney,  Vt.,  then 
to  Crown  Point,  N.  Y.,  in  1800;  was  a  soldier  in 
Captain  Walker's  thirty-seventh  regiment  of  New 
York  volunteers  in  the  War  of  1812;  was  a  justice 
of  the  peace  and  for  several  years  judge  of  the  court 
of  common  pleas  of  Essex  county  with  residence  in 
North  Hudson;  member  of  the  state  assembly  1808- 
1810;  elected  as  a  Whig  to  the  Twelfth  Congress 
(March  4,  1811-March  3,  1813);  reelected  to  the 
Fourteenth  Congress,  but  died,  before  it  assembled , 
in  Schroon  Lake,  N.  Y.,  October  6,  1814. 

Pool,  John,  a  Senator  from  North  Carolina; 
born  in  Pasquotank  county,  N.  C.,  June  16,  1826; 
was  graduated  from  the  university  of  North  Caro- 
lina in  1847;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar, 
and  practiced  in  Elizabeth  City,  N.  C.,  1847-1856; 
elected  a  state  senator  in  1856, 1858, 1864,  and  1865; 
was  a  member  of  the  state  constitutional  conven- 
tion of  1865;  elected  to  the  United  States  Senate  in 
1865,  but  not  permitted  to  take  his  seat,  as  the  state 
had  not  been  allowed  re-representation;  again 
elected  in  1868,  and  served  from  June  25,  1868,  to 
March  3,  1873;  died  in  Washington,  D.  C.,  August 
18,  1884. 


Poole,  Theodore  Lewis,  a  Representative 
from  New  York;  born  in  Jordan,  Onondaga  county, 
N.  Y.,  April  10,  1840;  attended  common  schools; 
enlisted  as  quartermaster  sergeant  in  the  one  hun- 
dred and  twenty-second  regiment  New  York  vol- 
unteers July,  1862;  wounded  in  the  battle  of  Cold 
Harbor,  Va.,  June  1,  1864;  discharged  as  captain 
and  brevet  major  July  3,  1865;  county  clerk  of 
Onondaga  county  1868-1870;  United  States  pen- 
sion agent  for  the  western  district  of  New  York 
1879-1888;  commander  of  the  department  of  New 
York,  Grand  Army  of  the  Republic,  1892;  engaged 
in  various  manufacturing  industries  and  corpora- 
tions; director  of  the  Bank  of  Syracuse;  elected  as  a 
Republican  to  the  Fifty-fourth  Congress  (March  4, 
1895-March  3,  1897);  died  in  Syracuse,  N.  Y.,  De- 
cember 23,  1900. 

Pope,  John,  a  Senator  and  a  Representative 
from  Kentucky;  born  in  Prince  William  county, 
Va.,  in  1770;  completed  preparatory  studies;  stud- 
ied law,  and  moved  to  Springfield,  Ky.;  was  ad- 
mitted to  the  bar  and  practiced  in  Washington, 
Shelby,  and  Fayette  counties;  served  several  years 
as  a  member  of  the  state  house  of  representatives; 
a  presidential  elector  on  the  Jefferson  ticket  in 
1801;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  United  States 
Senate  and  served  from  March  4,  1807,  to  March  3, 
1813;  territorial  governor  of  Arkansas  1829-1835; 
returned  to  Springfield,  Ky.;  elected  as  a  Demo- 
crat to  the  Twenty -fifth,  Twenty-sixth,  and  Twen- 
ty-seventh Congresses  (March  4,  1837-March  3, 
1843);  defeated  for  reelection  to  the  Twenty-eighth 
Congress;  died  in  Springfield,  Ky.,  July  12,  1845. 

Pope,  Nathaniel,  a  Delegate  from  Illinois  Ter- 
ritory; born  in  Louisville,  Ky.,  January  5,  1784; 
was  graduated  from  the  Transylvania  university; 
studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  in  1804 
located  in  St.  Gene  vie  ve,  Mo.,  where  he  began 
practice;  moved  to  Springfield,  111.,  and  appointed 
secretary  of  the  Territory  of  Illinois  in  1809;  elected 
a  Delegate  to  the  Fourteenth  and  Fifteenth  Con- 
gresses (March  4,  1815-March  3,  1819);  appointed 
United  States  judge  for  the  district  of  Illinois  in 
1818,  and  held  that  position  until  he  died,  in  St. 
Louis,  Mo.,  January  23,  1850. 

Pope,  PatrickHamilton,  a  Representative  from 
Kentucky;  born  in  Louisville,  Ky.,  March  17, 1806; 
elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Twenty-third  Con- 
gress (March  4,  1833-March  3,  1835);  defeated 
for  reelection  to  the  Twenty-fourth  Congress;  died 
in  Louisville,  Ky.,  May  4,  1841. 

Popple  ton,  Early  Franklin,  a  Representative 
from  Ohio;  born  in  Belleville,  Richland •  county, 
Ohio,  September  29,  1834;  pursued  classical  stud- 
ies; studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and 
began  practice  in  Elyria,  Ohio;  elected  to  the  state 
senate  in  1870;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Forty- 
fourth  Congress  (March  4, 1875-March  3, 1877) ;  died 
in  Delaware,  Ohio,  May  6,  1899. 

Porter,  Albert  Gallatin,  a  Representative 
from  Indiana;  born  in  Lawrenceburg,  Ind.,  April 
20,  1824;  attended  the  preparatory  department  of 
Hanover  college  and  was  graduated  from  Indiana 
Asbury  university  in  1843;  studied  law,  was  ad- 
mitted to  the  bar,  and  in  1845  began  practice  in 
Indianapolis;  held  various  local  offices;  reporter  of 
the  Indiana  supreme  court  in  1853-1857;  elected 
as  a  Republican  to  the  Thirty-sixth  and  Thirty- 
seventh  Congresses  (March  4, 1859-March  3, 1863); 
appointed  First  Comptroller  of  the  Treasury  March 
5,  1878,  and  served  until  1880;  governor  of  Indiana 


BIOGRAPHIES. 


931 


1881-1884 ;  delegate  in  the  Republican  national  con- 
vention of  1888;  minister  to  Italy,  1889-1892;  died 
in  Indianapolis,  Ind.,  May  3,  1897. 

Porter,  Alexander,  a  Senator  from  Louisiana; 
born  near  Armagh,  county  Tyrone,  Ireland,  in 
1786;  came  to  the  United  States  in  1801  with  an 
uncle,  and  located  in  Nashville,  Tenn.;  received 
a  limited  schooling;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to 
the  bar,  and  began  practice  in  Attakapas,  La.; 
moved  to  St.  Martinsville,  La.,  in  1810;  delegate 
to  the  convention  which  framed  the  state  constitu- 
tion in  1811;  judge  of  the  state  supreme  court  1821- 
1833;  elected  as  a  Whig  to  the  United  States  Senate, 
to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  the  death  of  Josiah  S. 
Johnston,  and  served  from  December  19,  1833,  to 
January  5, 1837,  when  he  resigned;  again  elected  to 
the  United  States  Senate  for  term  beginning  March 
4,  1843,  but  did  not  qualify  or  take  his  seat;  died  in 
Attakapas,  La.,  January  13,  1844. 

Porter,  Augustus  Steele,  a  Senator  from 
Michigan ;  born  in  Canandaigua,  N.  Y.,  January  18, 
1798;  was  graduated  from  Union  college  in  1818; 
studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  began 
practice  in  Detroit,  Mich.;  mayor  of  Detroit  in 
1838;  elected  as  a  Whig  to  the  United  States  Sen- 
ate, and  served  from  January  20,  1840,  to  March  3, 
1845;  moved  to  Niagara  Falls,  N.  Y.,  in  1848,  and 
died  there  September  18,  1872. 

Porter,  Charles  Howell,  a  Representative  from 
Virginia;  born  in  Cairo,  N.  Y.,  June  21,  1833;  com- 
pleted preparatory  studies;  studied  law,  was  ad- 
mitted to  the  bar,  and  began  practice  in  Greene 
county,  N.  Y.;  entered  the  Union  Army  in  1861  as 
a  member  of  the  first  New  York  mounted  rifles; 
moved  to  Norfolk,  Va.;  held  various  local  offices; 
member  of  the  constitutional  convention  of  Vir- 
ginia in  1867  and  1868;  elected  as  a  Republican  to 
the  Forty -first  and  Forty-second  Congresses  (March 
4,  1869-March  3,  1873);  died  in  Cairo,  N.  Y.,  July 
9,  1897. 

Porter,  Gilchrist,  a  Representative  from  Mis- 
souri; native  of  Virginia;  received  a  limited  school- 
ing; moved  to  Bowling  Green,  Mo.;  elected  as  a 
Whig  to  the  Thirty-second  Congress  (March  4, 1851- 
March  3,  1853);  defeated  as  the  Whig  candidate  for 
reelection  to  the  Thirty-third  Congress;  elected  to 
the  Thirty-fourth  Congress  (March  4,  1855-March 
3,  1857). 

Porter,  Henry  Kirke,  a  Representative  from 
Pennsylvania;  born  in  Concord,  N.  H.,  November 
24,  1840;  attended  public  and  private  schools,  and 
fitted  for  college  at  the  New  London  academy,  New- 
London,  N.  H.;  was  graduated  from  Brown  uni- 
versity, Providence,  R.  I.,  in  1860;  pursued  pro- 
fessional studies  in  Newton  theological  seminary, 
Newton  Center,  Mass.,  and  in  Rochester  theolog- 
ical seminary,  Rochester,  N.  Y.,  1861-1866;  en- 
listed in  the  forty-fifth  Massachusetts  volunteer 
militia  in  1862  and  mustered  out  of  service  in  July, 
1863;  began  business  in  Pittsburgh,  Pa.,  in  May, 
1866;  vice  president  Pittsburgh  chamber'of  com- 
merce; member  board  of  trustees  Western  Penn- 
sylvania institute  for  the  blind;  elected  to  the 
Fifty-eighth  Congress  (March  4,  1903-March  3, 
1905). 

Porter,  James,  a  Representative  from  New 
York;  born  in  Williamstown,  Mass.;  was  graduated 
from  Williams  college;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to 
the  bar,  and  began  practice  in  Skaneateles,  N.  Y.; 
served  two  terms  in  the  state  assembly;  elected 


to  the  Fifteenth  Congress  (March  4,  1817-March  3, 
1819);  register  of  the  court  of  chancery  in  Albany, 
N.  Y.,  where  he  died. 

Porter,  John,  a  Representative  from  Pennsyl- 
vania; native  of  Pennsylvania;  received  a  limited 
schooling;  elected  to  the  Ninth  Congress,  to  fill 
vacancy  caused  by  the  resignation  of  Michael  Leib; 
reelected  to  the  Tenth  and  Eleventh  Congresses, 
and  served  from  December  8,  1806,  to  March  4, 
1811. 

Porter,  Peter  Augustus,  a  Representative 
from  New  York ;  born  in  Niagara  Falls,  N .  Y. ,  October 
10,  1853;  attended  St.  Paul's  school,  Concord,  N. 
H.,  1865-1871,  and  was  graduated  from  Yale  uni- 
versity in  1874;  member  of  the  New  York  state  as- 
sembly 1886-1887;  introduced  and  passed  the  first 
bill  for  great  power  development  at  Niagara  Falls; 
nominated  by  Independent  Republicans,  indorsed 
by  Democrats  and  Independence  League,  and 
elected  to  the  Sixtieth  Congress  (March  4,  1907- 
March  3,  1909). 

Porter,  Peter  Buel,  a  Representative  from 
New  York;  born  in  Salisbury,  Conn.,  August  4, 
1773;  was  graduated  from  Yale  college  in  1791; 
studied  law  in  Litchfield,  Conn.,  was  admitted 
to  the  bar,  and  began  practice  in  Canandaigua, 
N.  Y.,  in  1793;  held  various  local  offices;  member 
of  the  New  York  assembly  in  1802;  moved  to 
Buffalo,  N.  Y.,  in  the  fall  of  1802;  elected  as  a 
Democrat  to  the  Eleventh  and  Twelfth  Congresses 
(March  4,  1809-March  3,  1813);  served  in  the  War 
of  1812;  major  general  of  New  York  volunteers 
1812-1815;  presented  a  gold  medal  under  joint 
resolution  of  Congress  of  date  November  3,  1814, 
"for  gallantry  and  good  conduct  in  the  several  con- 
flicts of  Chippewa,  Niagara,  and  Erie,  Upper 
Canada;"  elected  to  the  Fourteenth  Congress,  and 
served  from  March  4,  1815,  to  January  23,  1816, 
when  he  resigned;  secretary  of  state  of  New  York 
1815-1816;  appointed  by  John  Qunicy  Adams 
Secretary  of  War,  and  served  from  June  21,  1828, 
to  March  9,  1829;  died  in  Niagara  Falls,  N.  Y., 
March  20,  1844. 

Porter,  Timothy  H.,  a  Representative  from 
New  York;  native  of  New  Haven,  Conn.;  com- 
pleted preparatory  studies;  studied  law,  was  ad- 
mitted to  the  bar,  and  began  practice  in  Olean, 
N.  Y.;  member  of  the  state  assembly  1816-1817, 
and  the  state  senate  1823;  elected  to  the  Nineteenth 
Congress  (March  4,  1825-March  3,  1827);  again  a 
member  of  the  state  senate  1828-1831,  and  of  the 
state  assembly  1838-1840. 

Posey,  Prank  P.,  a  Representative  from  Indi- 
ana; native  of  that  state;  elected  to  the  Fiftieth 
Congress,  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  the  resignation 
of  Alvin  P.  Hovey,  and  served  from  February  6, 
1889,  to  March  3,  1889. 

Posey,  Thomas,  a  Senator  from  Louisiana;  born 
in  Fairfax  county,  Va.,  July  9,  1750;  received  a 
limited  schooling;  held  various  local  offices;  moved 
to  the  western  frontier  of  Virginia  in  1769;  served 
in  the  French  and  Indian  war,  also  in  the  Revolu- 
tionary war;  appointed  brigadier  general  in  1793; 
moved  to  Kentucky  in  1794;  served  in  the  state 
senate,  and  was  its  presiding  officer  in  1805-1806; 
served  as  lieutenant  governor  of  Kentucky  for  four 
years;  moved  to  Attakapas,  La.;  appointed  a 
United  States  Senator,  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by 
the  declination  to  serve  of  John  N.  Destrahan,  and 
served  from  October  8,  1812,  to  December  1,  1812; 


932 


CONGRESSIONAL   DIRECTORY. 


governor  of  Indian  Territory  in  1813,  and  appointed 
Indian  agent  in  1816  and  held  the  position  until 
his  death  in  Shawneetown,  111.,  March  19,  1818. 

Post,  George  Adams,  a  Representative  from 
Pennsylvania;  born  in  Cuba,  Allegany  county. 
N.  Y.,  September  1,  1854;  pursued  an  academic 
course;  for  several  years  secretary  of  the  motive 
power  department  of  the  Erie  railway;  studied 
law  and  was  admitted  to  practice;  located  in  Mont- 
rose,  Pa.;  one  of  the  owners  and  editors  of  the 
Montrose  Democrat;  removed  to  Susquehanna  De- 
pot, Pa.;  elected  burgess  in  February,  1877,  and 
served  one  year;  candidate  for  presidential  elector 
on  the  Democratic  ticket  in  1880;  elected  as  a 
Democrat  to  the  Forty-eighth  Congress  (March  4, 
1883-March  3,  1885);  moved  to  New  York  City. 

Post,  Jo tham ,  a  Representative  from  New  York ; 
native  of  that  state;  was  graduated  from  Columbia 
college;  member  of  the  state  house  of  representa- 
tives 1794-1797;  elected  as  a  Federalist  to  the  Thir- 
teenth Congress  (March  4, 1813-March  3,  1815). 

Post,  Morton  Everet,  a  Delegate  from  Wyo- 
ming territory;  born  in  Monroe  county,  N.  Y., 
December  25,  1840;  pursued  an  academic  course; 
moved  to  Colorado  in  1860,  and  in  1867  moved  to 
that  portion  of  Dakota  now  Wyoming;  elected 
county  commissioner  of  Laramie  county  in  1870, 
and  reelected  in  1872;  elected  a  member  of  the  leg- 
islative council  in  1878;  engaged  in  business  as  a 
banker  and  stock  grower;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to 
the  Forty-seventh  and  Forty-eighth  Congresses 
(March  4,  1881-March  3,  1885);  moved  to  Los 
Angeles,  Cal. 

Post,  Philip  Sidney,  a  Representative  from 
New  York;  born  in  Florida,  Orange  county,  N.  Y., 
March  19,  1833;  pursued  classical  studies  and  was 
graduated  from  Union  college,  Schenectady,  N.  Y., 
in  1855;  entered  the  Poughkeepsie  law  school;  ad- 
mitted to  the  bar  in  Illinois  in  1856;  entered  the 
Union  army;  second  lieutenant,  fifty-ninth  Illi- 
nois infantry,  July  17,  1861;  first  lieutenant  and 
adjutant  July  21,  1861;  major  January  17,  1862; 
colonel  March  20,  1862;  brevet  brigadier  general  of 
volunteers  December  16, 1864,  "for  gallant  and  dis- 
tinguished service  in  the  battle  Nashville,  Tenn. "; 
honorably  mustered  out  December  8, 1865;  awarded 
a  Congressional  medal  of  honor  March  8,  1893,  "for 
having  with  his  brigade  attacked  a  strong  position 
at  Nashville,  Tenn.,  December  15  and  16,  1864, 
under  a  terrible  fire  of  grape  canister  and  musketry, 
where  he  was  struck  down  by  a  grape  shot";  ap- 
pointed consul  to  Vienna  in  1866;  promoted  consul 
general  to  Austria-Hungary  1874;  resigned  in  1879; 
commamder  Department  of  Illinois,  Grand  Army 
of  the  Republic,  in  1886;  elected  as  a  Republican 
to  the  Fiftieth,  and  to  the  three  succeeding  Con- 
gresses, and  served  from  March  4,  1887,  until  his 
death,  in  Washington,  D.  C.,  January  6,  1895. 

Poston,  Charles  D.,  a  Delegate  from  Arizona 
territory;  born  in  Hardin  county,  Ky.,  April  20, 
1825;  attended  the  public  schools;  moved  to  Cali- 
fornia in  1850  and  located  in  San  Francisco;  clerk 
in  the  customhouse  in  San  Francisco  for  four  years; 
moved  to  Arizona  in  1854;  superintendent  of 
Indian  affairs;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the 
Thirty-eighth  Congress  (March  4,  1863-March  3, 
1865). 

Potter,  Allen,  a  Representative  from  Michigan; 
born  in  Saratoga  county,  N.  Y.,  October  2,  1818; 
attended  the  common  schools;  moved  to  Michigan 


in  1838;  located  in  Kalamazoo  in  1845;  engaged  in 
manufacturing  and  banking;  held  various  local 
offices;  elected  as  an  Independent  candidate  to  the 
Forty-fourth  Congress  (March  4,  1875-March  3, 
1877);  died  in  Kalamazoo,  Mich.,  May  8,  1885. 

Potter,  Clarkson  Nott,  a  Representative  from 

New  York;  born  in  Schenectady,  N.  Y.,  April  25, 
1825;  was  graduated  from  Union  college  in  1842; 
was  graduated  from  Rensselaer  polytechnic  insti- 
tute as  a  civil  engineer  in  1843;  surveyor  in  Wis- 
consin; studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar, 
and  began  practice  in  New  York  City  in  1847; 
elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Forty-first,  Forty- 
second,  and  Forty- third  Congresses  (March  4,  1869- 
March  3, 1875);  reelected  to  the  Forty-fifth  Congress 
March  4,  1877-March  3,  1879);  president  of  the 
Democratic  state  conventions  of  1875  and  1877; 
delegate  in  the  Democratic  national  conventions  of 
1872  and  1876;  unsuccessful  Democratic  candidate 
for  lieutenant  governor  in  1879;  trustee  of  Union 
college  1863-1882;  president  of  the  American  bar 
association  1881-1882;  died  in  New  York  City 
January  23,  1882. 

Potter,  Elisha  Reynolds,  a  Representative 
from  Rhode  Island;  born  in  Little  Rest,  in  South 
Kingston,  R.  I.,  November  5,  1764;  learned  the 
blacksmith's  trade  and  was  also  a  farmer;  served 
as  a  private  in  the  Revolutionary  war;  attended 
Plainfield  academy;  studied  law,  was  admitted 
to  the  bar,  and  began  practice  in  South  King- 
ston; member  of  the  state  house  of  representatives 
1793-1796,  1798-1808,  and  1816-1835;  was  speaker 
during  five  terms;  elected  as  a  Federalist  to  the 
Fourth  Congress,  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  the 
resignation  of  Benjamin  Bourne;  reelected  to 
the  Fifth  Congress,  and  served  from  December 

19,  1796,  to  1797,  when  he  resigned;  reelected  to 
the  Eleventh,  Twelfth,  and  Thirteenth  Congresses 
(March  4,  1809-March  3,  1815);  defeated  as  a  can- 
didate for  governor  of  Rhode  Island  in  1818;  died 
in  South  Kingston,  R.  I.,  September  26,  1834. 

Potter,  Elisha  Reynolds,  a  Representative 
from  Rhode  Island;  born  in  Kingston,  R.  I.,  June 

20,  1811;  was  graduated  from  Harvard  college  in 
1830;  studied  law  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in 
1832,  and  practiced  in  South  Kensington,  R.  I.; 
served  several  years  as  a  member  of  the  state  house 
of  representatives  and  as  state  senator;  adjutant 
general  of  the  state  1835-1837;  elected  as  a  Whig 
to  the  Twenty-eighth  Congress  (March  4,   1843- 
March  3,  1845);  defeated  for  reelection;  state  com- 
missioner of  public  schools  1849-1854,  when  he  re- 
signed; associate  justice  of  the  Rhode  Island  su- 
preme court  March  16,  1868,  until  his  death,  in 
South  Kingston,  R.  I.,  April  10,  1882. 

Potter,  Emery  Davis,  a  Representative  from 
Ohio;  born  in  Providence,  R.  I.,  October  7,  1804; 
studied  law  in  Cooperstown,  N.  Y.,  was  admitted 
to  the  bar,  and  began  practice  in  Toledo,  Ohio,  in 
1834;  held  several  local  offices;  judge  of  the  circuit 
court  for  counties  of  northern  Ohio;  elected  as  a 
Democrat  to  the  Twenty-eighth  Congress  (March 
4,  1843-March  3,  1845);  elected  to  the  Thirty-first 
Congress  (March  4,  1849-March  3,  1851);  district 
judge  of  the  Territory  of  Utah;  died  in  Toledo, 
Ohio,  February  12,  1896. 

Potter,  John  F.,  a  Representative  from  Wis- 
consin; born  in  Augusta,  Me.,  May  11,  1817;  pur- 
sued classical  studies;  studied  law,  was  admitted 
to  the  bar,  and  in  1857  began  practice  in  East  Troy, 
N.  Y.;  served  one  term  in  the  state  house  of  repre- 


BIOGRAPHIES. 


933 


sentatives;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Thirty- 
fifth,  Thirty-sixth,  and  Thirty-seventh  Congresses 
(March  4,  1857-March  3,  1863);  defeated  as  the 
Republican  candidate  for  reelection;  appointed 
consul  general  of  the  United  States  to  the  British 
Provinces  in  North  America;  died  in  1899. 

Potter,  Orlando  Brunson,  a  Representative 
from  Massachusetts;  born  in  Charlemont,  Mass., 
March  10,  1823;  attended  the  district  school,  Wil- 
liams college,  and  Dane  law  school,  Cambridge; 
admitted  to  the  bar  in  Boston  February  12,  1848; 

S'acticed  law  in  Boston  and  Middlesex  county, 
ass.,  five  years,  during  which  time  he  became 
interested  in  manufacturing;  moved  to  New  York 
in  1853  and  devoted  himself  to  farming;  on  August 
14,  1861,  he  laid  before  Secretary  Chase  a  plan  for 
a  national  banking  system;  nominated  for  Congress 
in  the  Tenth  Congressional  district  of  New  York  in 
1878,  but  defeated;  elected  as  a  Union  Democrat 
to  the  Forty-eighth  Congress  (March  4,  1883-March 
3,  1885);  declined  a  renomination ;  member  rapid 
transit  commission  of  New  York  City;  died  in  New 
York  City  January  2,  1894. 

Potter,  Robert,  a  Representative  from  North 
Carolina;  born  in  Granville,  N.  C.;  attended  the 
common  schools;  was  a  midshipman  in  the  United 
States  navy  1815-1821;  studied  law,  was  admitted 
to  the  bar,  and  began  practice  in  Halifax,  N.  C.; 
member  of  the  house  of  commons  of  North  Carolina 
in  1826;  elected  as  a  Jackson  Democrat  to  the 
Twenty-first  Congress  (March  4,  1829-March  3, 
1831);  moved  to  Texas  in  1835;  member  of  conven- 
tion that  declared  the  independence  of  Texas, 
March  2,  1836;  was  a  member  of  the  Texas  senate; 
killed  near  his  home  on  Caddo  Lake,  Tex.,  April 
1,  1842. 

Potter,  Samuel  John,  a  Senator  from  Rhode 
Island;  born  in  South  Kensington,  R.  I.,  in  1751; 
completed  preparatory  studies;  studied  law,  was 
admitted  to  the  bar,  and  practiced;  was  deputy 
and  lieutenant  governor  1790-1803;  presidential 
elector  in  1792  and  1797;  elected  to  the  United 
States  Senate  and  served  from  March  4,  1803,  until 
his  death,  in  Washington,  D.  C.,  October  14,  1804. 

Potter,  William.  W.,  a  Representative  from 
Pennsylvania;  born  in  1790;  completed  prepara- 
tory studies  in  Belief onte,  Pa.;  elected  as  a  Demo- 
crat to  the  Twenty-fifth  Congress  (March  4,  1837- 
March  3,  1839);  reelected  to  the  Twenty-sixth 
Congress,  but  died  before  the  assembling  of  the 
Congress  in  Belief  onte,  Pa.,  October  28,  1839. 

Pottle,  Emory  Bemsley,  a  Representative 
from  New  York;  born  in  Naples,  N.  Y.,  July  4, 
1815;  pursued  classical  studies;  studied  law,  was 
admitted  to  the  bar,  and  began  practice  in  Naples, 
N.  Y.;  a  state  representative  in  1847;  elected  as  a 
Republican  to  the  Thirty-fifth  and  Thirty-sixth 
Congresses  (March  4,  1857-March  3,  1861);  died  in 
Naples,  N.  Y.,  April  18,  1891. 

Potts,  David,  a  Representative  from  Pennsyl- 
vania; born  in  Chester  county,  Pa.,  November  27, 
1794;  completed  preparatory  studies  in  Pottstown; 
elected  as  a  Whig  to  the  Twenty-second,  Twenty- 
third,  Twenty-fourth,  and  Twenty-fifth  Congresses 
(March  4,  1831-March  3,  1839);  died  in  Warwick, 
Chester  county,  Pa.,  June  1,  1863. 

Potts,  Richard,  a  Delegate  and  a  Senator  from 
Maryland;  born  in  Upper  Marlboro,  Md.,  July  19, 
1753;  Delegate  in  the  Continental  Congress, 
1781-1782;  elected  to  the  United  States  Senate  to 


fill  vacancy  caused  by  the  resignation  of  Charles 
Carroll,  and  served  from  February  4,  1793,  to 
October  24,  1796,  when  he  resigned;  died  in  Fred- 
erick county,  Md.,  November  26,  1808. 

Pou,  Edward  William,  a  Representative  from 
North  Carolina;  born  in  Tuskegee,  Ala.,  September 
9,  1863;  attended  the  University  of  North  Carolina; 
studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  practiced 
in  Smithfield,  N.  C.;  presidential  elector  in  1888; 
elected  solicitor  of  the  fourth  judicial  district  of 
North  Carolina  in  1890,  1894,  and  in  1898;  while 
serving  his  third  term  as  solicitor  was  elected  as  a 
Democrat  to  the  Fifty-seventh  and  to  the  four  suc- 
ceeding Congresses  (March  4,  1901-March  3,  1911). 
Reelected  to  the  Sixty-second  Congress. 

Pound,  Thaddeus  Coleman,  a  Representative 
from  Wisconsin;  born  in  Elk,  Warren  county,  Pa., 
December  6,  1833;  pursued  an  academic  course  in 
Milton  academy,  Wisconsin,  and  Rushford,  Alle- 
gany  county,  N.  Y.;  moved  to  Rock  county,  Wis., 
in  May,  1856;  engaged  in  the  manufacture  of  lum- 
ber; president  of  the  Union  lumbering  company 
and  of  the  Chippewa  Falls  and  Western  railway; 
member  of  the  legislative  assembly  in  1864,  1866, 
1867,  and  1869,  and  served  the  last  year  as  speaker 
pro  tempore;  lieutenant  governor  1870-1871;  dele- 
gate to  the  Republican  national  convention  in 
Philadelphia  in  1872;  elected  as  a  Republican  to 
the  Forty-fifth,  Forty-sixth,  and  Forty-seventh 
Congresses  (March  4,  1877-March  3,  1883). 

Powel,  Samuel,  a  Representative  from  Tennes- 
see; was  elected  to  the  Fourteenth  Congress  (March 
4,  1815-March  3,  1817). 

Powell,  Alfred  H.,  a  Representative  from  Vir- 
ginia; born  in  Loudoun  county,  Va.,  March  6, 1781; 
was  graduated  from  Princeton  college;  studied  law, 
was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  in  1800  began  prac- 
tice in  Winchester,  Va.;  served  several  years  as  a 
member  of  the  state  house  of  representatives; 
elected  to  the  Nineteenth  Congress  (March  4,  1825- 
March  3,  1827);  delegate  in  the  state  constitutional 
convention  of  1830;  died  in  Loudoun  county,  Va., 
1831. 

Powell,  Cuthbert,  a  Representative  from  Vir- 
ginia; born  in  Alexandria,  Va.,  March  4,  1775; 
completed  preparatory  studies;  studied  law,  was 
admitted  to  the  bar,  and  practiced  in  Alexandria; 
mayor  of  Alexandria;  moved  to  Loudoun  county; 
held  various  local  offices;  elected  as  a  Whig  to  the 
Twenty-seventh  Congress  (March  4,  1841-March  3, 
1843);  died  in  Langoolen,  Loudoun  county,  Va., 
May  8,  1849. 

Powell,  Joseph,  a  Representative  from  Penn- 
sylvania; born  in  Towanda,  Pa.,  June  23,  1828; 
completed  preparatory  studies;  engaged  in  mer- 
cantile pursuits;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the 
Forty-fourth  Congress  (March  4,  1875-March  3, 
1877);  defeated  for  reelection  to  the  Forty-fifth 
Congress;  died  in  Towanda,  Pa.,  April  24,  1904. 

Powell,  Lazarus  Whitehead,  a  Senator  from 
Kentucky;  born  in  Henderson  county,  Ky.,  Oc- 
tober 6,  1812;  was  graduated  from  St.  Joseph  col- 
lege, Bardstown,  in  1833;  studied  law,  was  ad- 
mitted to  the  bar,  and  in  1835  began  practice; 
served  in  the  state  legislature  as  a  member  in  1836; 
presidential  elector  on  the  Polk  and  Dallas  ticket 
m  1844;  governor  of  Kentucky  1851-1855;  elected 
as  a  Democrat  to  the  United  States  Senate,  and 
served  from  March  4,  1859,  to  March  3,  1865;  dele- 
gate in  the  national  Union  convention  in  Philadel- 


934 


CONGRESSIONAL   DIRECTOEY. 


phia  in  1866;  died  near  Henderson,  Ky.,  July  3, 
1867. 

Powell,  Levin,  a  Representative  from  Virginia; 
born  in  Loudoun  county,  Va.,  in  1738;  completed 
preparatory  studies;  served  in  the  Revolutionary 
army  and  rose  to  the  rank  of  lieutenant  colonel; 
delegate  in  the  state  convention  which  ratified  the 
Federal  Constitution;  elected  as  a  Federalist  to  the 
Sixth  Congress  (March  4,  1799-March  3, 1801);  died 
in  Bedford,  Pa.,  August  6,  1810. 

Powell,  Paulus,  a  Representative  from  Vir- 
ginia; a  native  of  Virginia;  attended  Amherst  col- 
lege; held  various  local  offices;  elected  as  a  Demo- 
crat to  the  Thirty-first,  and  to  the  four  succeeding 
Congresses  (March  4, 1849-March  3, 1859);  defeated 
for  reelection  to  the  Thirty-sixth  Congress. 

Power,  Thomas  Charles,  a  Senator  from  Mon- 
tana; born  near  Dubuque,  Iowa,  May  22,  1839; 
attended  the  common  schools,  and  took  a  three 
years'  course  in  civil  engineering  in  Sinsiniwa  col- 
lege, Wisconsin;  practiced  engineering,  and  taught 
school  three  years;  employed  on -a  survey  in  Da- 
kota in  1860;  engaged  in  trade  on  the  Missouri  river 
1861-1867;  located  in  Fort  Benton,  Mont.;  presi- 
dent of  a  line  of  steamers;  located  in  Helena  in 
1876;  member  of  the  first  constitutional  convention 
of  Montana  in  1883;  delegate  to  the  Republican 
national  convention  in  1888;  nominated  by  the 
Republicans  for  governor  in  1889,  and  defeated; 
elected  to  the  United  States  Senate,  and  served 
from  January  2,  1890,  to  March  3,  1895. 

Powers,  Gershom,  a  Representative  from  New 
York;  was  elected  as  a  Jackson  Democrat  to  the 
Twenty-first  Congress  (March  4,  1829-March  3, 
1831). 

Powers,  Horace  Henry,  a  Representative  from 
Vermont;  born  in  Morristown,  Lamoille  county, 
Vt.,  May  29,  1835;  was  graduated  from  the  Univer- 
sity of  Vermont  in  1855;  studied  law  and  was  ad- 
mitted to  the  bar  in  1858;  member  of  the  state 
house  of  representatives!  n  ]858;  prosecuting  attor- 
ney of  Lamoille  county  in  1861-1862;  member  of 
council  of  censors  in  1869;  member  of  the  constitu- 
tional convention  of  the  state  in  1870;  member  of 
the  state  senate  1872-1873;  speaker  of  the  house  of 
representatives  in  1874;  judge  of  the  supreme  court 
of  Vermont  from  December,  1874,  to  December, 
1890;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Fifty-second, 
and  to  the  four  succeeding  Congresses  (March  4, 
1891-March  3,  1901);  resumed  the  practice  of  law 
in  Morrisville,  Vt. 

Powers,  Lewellyn,  a  Representative  from 
Maine;  born  in  Pittsfield,  Somerset  county,  Me., 
October  14,  1836;  was  graduated  from  the  Colburn 
classical  institute;  attended  Colby  university  two 
years,  and  was  graduated  from  the  law  department 
of  the  University  of  Albany,  N.  Y.;  admitted  to 
the  bar  in  1861,  and  began  practice  in  Houlton, 
Me.;  attorney  for  the  state  for  the  county  of  Aroos- 
took  1864-1871 ;  collector  of  customs  for  the  district 
of  Aroostook  1868-1872;  member  of  the  state  house 
of  representatives  for  six  terms,  and  speaker  of  the 
house  one  term;  elected  governor  of  Maine  in  1896, 
and  reelected  in  1898;  elected  to  the  Forty-fifth 
Congress  (March  4,  1877-March  3,  1879);  elected 
as  a  Republican  to  the  Fifty-seventh  Congress,  to 
fill  the  vacancy  caused  by  the  resignation  of  Charles 
A.  Boutelle;  reelected  to  the  Fifty-eighth,  Fifty- 
ninth,  and  Sixtieth  Congresses,  and  served  from 


December  2, 1901,  until  his  death,  in  Houlton,  Me., 
July  28,  1908. 

Powers,  Samuel  Leland,  a  Representative 
from  Massachusetts;  born  in  Cornish,  N.  H.,  Oc- 
tober 26,  1848;  fitted  for  college  at  Kimball  Union 
academy  and  at  Phillips  Exeter  academy,  New 
Hampshire,  and  was  graduated  from  Dartmouth 
college  in  1874;  subsequently  studied  law  in  the 
law  school  of  the  University  of  the  city  of  New 
York  and  in  Worcester,  Mass.;  was  admitted  to  the 
bar  in  1876  and  practiced  in  Boston,  Mass.;  located 
in  Newton,  Mass.;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the 
Fifty-seventh,  Fifty-eighth,  and  Fifty-ninth  Con- 
gresses (March  4,  1901-March  3,  1907). 

Poydras,  Julien  de  Lallande,  a  Delegate  from 
Orleans  Territory;  born  in  Nantes,  France,  April 
3,  1746;  completed  preparatory  studies;  founded 
the  Female  Orphan  Asylum  in  New  Orleans; 
elected  to  the  Eleventh  Congress  (March  4,  1809- 
March  3,  1811);  died  in  Pointe  Coupee,  La.,  June 
25,  1824. 

Pratt,  Charles  C.,  a  Representative  from 
Pennsylvania;  born  in  New  Milford,  Pa.,  April  23, 
1854;  attended  school  in  New  Milford,  Pa.,  Blooms- 
burg,  Pa.,  and  Great  Barrington,  Mass.;  elected  to 
the  Sixty-first  Congress  (March  4,  1909-March  3, 
1911). 

Pratt,  Daniel  Darwin,  a  Representative  and  a 
Senator  from  Indiana;  born  in  Palermo,  Me.,  Oc- 
tober 26,  1813;  moved  with  his  parents  to  New 
York;  was  graduated  from  Hamilton  college  in 
1831;  moved  to  Indiana  in  1832  and  located  in  In- 
dianapolis in  1834;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to 
the  bar,  and  in  1836  began  practice  in  Logansport, 
Ind.;  member  of  the  Indiana  state  legislature  in 
1851  and  1853;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the 
Forty-first  Congress,  but  before  taking  his  seat  was 
elected  to  the  United  States  Senate  and  served 
from  March  4,  1869,  to  March  3,  1875;  commissioner 
of  Internal  Revenue  from  May  15,  1875,  to  August 
1,  1876;  died  in  Logansport,  Ind.,  June  17,  1877. 

Pratt,  Henry  Otis,  a  Representative  from  Iowa; 
born  in  Foxcroft,  Me.,  February  11,  1838;  com- 
pleted preparatory  studies;  was  graduated  from  the 
law  department  of  Harvard  university;  moved  to 
Iowa  in  1862;  served  in  the  Union  army;  began 
the  practice  of  law  in  Charles  City,  Iowa,  in  1864; 
member  of  the  state  house  of  representatives  1869- 
1871'  elected  to  the  Forty-third  and  Forty-fourth 
Congresses  (March  4,  1873-March  3,  1877). 

Pratt,  James  Timothy,  a  Representative  from 
Connecticut;  born  in  Cromwell,  Conn.,  December 
14,  1804;  received  a  limited  schooling;  engaged  in 
mercantile  pursuits  in  Hartford,  Conn.;  elected  as 
a  Democrat  to  the  Thirty-third  Congress  (March  4, 
1853-March  3, 1855);  defeated  for  the  Thirty-fourth 
Congress;  died  in  Wethersfield,  Conn.,  April  11, 
1887. 

Pratt,  Le  Gage,  a  Representative  from  New 
Jersey;  born  in  Sterling,  Mass.,  December  14,  1853; 
attended  public  schools;  in  1869  entered  upon  a 
commercial  career,  first  in  Boston  and  afterwards 
in  Chicago;  engaged  in  newspaper  work  1884-1886; 
state  agent  for  a  life  insurance  company  and  later 
general  superintendent  of  agencies;  elected  as  a 
Democrat  to  the  Sixtieth  Congress  (March  4,  1907- 
March  3,  1909);  died  in  Newark,  N.  J.,  March  9, 
1911. 


BIOGRAPHIES. 


935 


Pratt,  Thomas  George,  a  Senator  from  Mary- 
land; born  in  Washington,  D.  C.,  February  18, 
1804;  completed  preparatory  studies  and  attended 
Georgetown  university,  District  of  Columbia; 
studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  began 
practice  in  Upper  Marlboro,  Md.;  served  several 
terms  as  a  member  of  the  state  house  of  representa- 
tives, and  six  years  in  the  state  senate;  governor  of 
Maryland  1844-1847;  moved  to  Annapolis  in  1848, 
and  practiced  law;  elected  to  the  United  States 
Senate  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  the  resignation 
of  Reverdy  Johnson,  and  served  from  January  12, 
1850,  to  March  3,  1857;  delegate  in  the  national 
Democratic  convention  of  1864;  died  in  Baltimore, 
Md.5  November  9,  1869. 

Pratt,  Zadock,  a  Representative  from  New  Jer- 
sey; born  in  Stephentown,  N.  Y.,  October  30,  1790; 
received  a  limited  schooling;  tanner;  served  as  a 
state  senator  in  1830;  a  presidential  elector  on  the 
Van  Buren  ticket  in  1836;  elected  as  a  Democrat 
to  the  Twenty-fifth  Congress  (March  4,  1837-March 
3,  1839);  reelected  to  the  Twenty-eighth  Congress 
(March  4,  1843-March  3,  1845);  presidential  elector 
on  the  Pierce  ticket  in  1852;  delegate  to  the  na- 
tional Democratic  convention  in  Baltimore  in  1852; 
died  in  Bergen,  N.  J.,  April  6,  1871. 

Pray,  Charles  N.,  a  Representative  from  Mon- 
tana; born  in  Potsdam,  St.  Lawrence  county,  N. 
Y.;  attended  the  Middlebury  college,  Vermont, 
and  Chicago  college  of  law;  was  admitted  to  the 
bar  and  engaged  in  practice  in  Fort  Benton,  Mont.; 
served  as  assistant  prosecuting  attorney  of  Chouteau 
county  1897-1898;  elected  t>rosecuting  attorney  in 
1898,  and  reelected  in  1900,^1902,  and  1904;  elected 
as  a  Republican  to  the  Sixtieth  and  Sixty-first 
Congresses  (March  4, 1907-March  3, 1911).  Reelected 
to  the  Sixty-second  Congress. 

Prentiss,  John  Holmes,  a  Representative 
from  New  York;  born  in  Worcester,  Mass.,  April 
17,  1783;  printer  and  foreman  of  the  New  York 
Evening  Post;  moved  to  Cpoperstown,  N.  Y.,  in 
October,  1808,  and  published  the  Freeman's 
Journal  1808-1849;  postmaster  of  Cooperstown 
1833-1837;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Twenty- 
fifth  and  Twenty-sixth  Congresses  (March  4,  1837- 
March  3,  1841);  president  of  the  Bank  of  Coopers- 
town;  died  in  Cooperstown,  N.  Y.,  June  26,  1861. 

Prentiss,  Samuel,  a  Senator  from  Vermont; 
born  in  Stonington,  Conn.,  March  31,  1782;  located 
in  Northfield,  Mass.;  completed  preparatory 
studies  and  was  instructed  in  the  classics  by  a  pri- 
vate tutor;  studied  law  in  Northfield  and  in  Brat- 
tleboro,  Vt.;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1802  and 
practiced  in  Montpelier  in  1803-1822;  served  as  a 
state  representative  1824-1825;  elected  chief  jus- 
tice of  the  state  supreme  court  in  1850;  elected  as  a 
Whig  to  the  United  States  Senate  and  served  from 
March  4,  1831,  to  April  11,  1842,  when  he  resigned; 
originator  and  successful  advocate  of  the  law  to 
suppress  dueling  in  the  District  of  Columbia;  ap- 
pointed judge  of  the  United  States  district  copt 
of  Vermont  in  1842  and  occupied  that  position 
when  he  died  in  Montpelier,  Vt.,  January  15,  1857. 

Prentiss,  Sergeant  Smith,  a  Representative 
from  Mississippi;  born  in  Portland,  Me.,  Septem- 
ber 30,  1808;  was  prepared  for  college  in  Gorham 
academy  and  was  graduated  from  Bowdoin  col- 
lege in  1826;  studied  law  in  Gorham  and  in  Cin- 
cinnati, Ohio;  moved  to  Natchez,  Miss.,  was  ad- 
mitted to  the  bar,  and  began  practice  in  Vicks- 
burg;  member  of  the  state  house  of  representatives 


in  1835;  contested  the  election  of  John  F.  H.  Clai- 
borne  to  the  Twenty-fifth  Congress,  and  the  election 
was  set  aside  by  the  House;  subsequently  elected 
to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  this  action  and  served 
from  May  30, 1838,  to  March  3, 1839;  moved  to  New 
Orleans,  La.,  in  1845,  and  practiced  law;  died  jn 
Longwood,  near  Natchez,  Miss.,  July  1,  1850. 

Prescott,  Cyrus  Dan,  a  Representative  from 
New  York;  born  in  New  Hartford,  Oneida  county, 
N.  Y.,  August  15,  1836;  pursued  an  academic 
course;  studied  law  in  Utica  and  in  Rome,  N.  Y.; 
was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1859;  member  of  the 
board  of  aldermen  of  the  city  of  Rome  1874-1876; 
member  of  the  state  assembly  in  1878;  elected  as  a 
Republican  to  the  Forty-sixth  and  Forty-seventh 
Congresses  (March  4,  1879-March  3,  1883);  died  in 
Rome,  Oneida  county,  N.  Y.,  October  23,  1902. 

Preston,  Francis,  a  Representative  from  Vir- 
ginia; born  in  Greenfield,  Botetourt  county,  Va., 
August  2, 1765;  was  graduated  from  the  College  of 
William  and  Mary  in  1783;  studied  law  with  George 
Wythe,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  practiced  in 
Montgomery  and  Washington  counties;  member  of 
the  state  house  of  delegates  and  a  state  senator; 
elected  to  the  Third  and  Fourth  Congresses  (March 
4,  1793-March  3,  1797);  located  in  Abingdon,  Va., 
and  practiced  law;  colonel  of  volunteers  in  the 
War  of  1812;  died  in  the  home  of  his  son,  William 
C.  Preston,  Columbia,  S.  C.,  May  25,  1835. 

Preston,  Jacob  Alexander,  a  Representative 
from  Maryland;  born  in  Harford  county,  Md.,  in 
1796;  attended  the  common  schools,  studied  medi- 
cine, and  was  graduated  from  the  University  of 
Maryland  in  1816,  medical  department,  and  prac- 
ticed in  Harford,  Baltimore,  and  Cecil  counties; 
served  with  a  Maryland  regiment  in  the  war  of  1812; 
elected  to  the  Twenty-eighth  Congress  (March  4, 
1843-March  3,  1845);  died  in  Ferryman,  Harford 
county,  Md.,  August  2,  1868. 

Preston,  William,  a  Representative  from  Ken- 
tucky; born  near  Louisville,  Ky.,  October  16, 1816; 
was  graduated  from  St.  Joseph's  college,  Ken- 
tucky; attended  Yale  college  and  was  graduated 
from  the  Harvard  law  school  in  1838;  began  prac- 
tice in  Louisville,  Ky.;  lieutenant  colonel  of  the 
fourth  Kentucky  volunteers  in  the  war  with 
Mexico  1846-1848;  delegate  in  the  state  constitu- 
tional convention  in  1849;  member  of  the  state 
house  of  representatives  1850-1853;  presidential 
elector  on  the  Scott  ticket  in  1852;  elected  as  a 
Whig  to  the  Thirty-second  Congress  to  fill  vacancy- 
caused  by  the  resignation  of  Humphrey  Marshall; 
reelected  to  the  Thirty-third  Congress  and  served 
from  December  6,  1852,  to  March  3,  1855;  defeated 
for  the  Thirty-fourth  Congress;  minister  to  Spain 
1858-1861;  served  in  the  Confederate  army  and 
attained  the  rank  of  major-general;  again  served 
in  the  state  legislature  in  1868;  died  in  Lexington, 
Ky.,  September  27,  1887. 

Preston,  William  Ballard,  a  Representative 
from  Virginia;  born  in  Smithfield,  Va.,  November 
25,  1805;  was  graduated  from  William  and  Mary 
college  in  1823;  was  graduated  from  the  law  school 
and  engaged  in  practice  in  1826;  elected  as  a  Whig 
to  the  Thirtieth  Congress  (March  4,  1847-March  3, 
1849);  Secretary  of  the  Navy  1849-1850;  served  in 
the  Confederate  congress;  died  in  Smithfield,  Va., 
November  14,  1862. 

Preston,  William  Campbell,  a  Senator  from 
South  Carolina;  born  in  Philadelphia,  Pa.,  De- 
cember 27,  1794;  was  graduated  from  the  College 


936 


CONGRESSIONAL   DIEECTOEY. 


of  South  Carolina  in  1812;  studied  law;  was  .ad- • 
mitted  to  the  bar  in  1820,  and  in  1823  began  prac- 
tice in  Virginia;  located  in  Columbia,  8.  C.,  in 
1822;  member  of  the  state  legislature  1829-1832; 
elected  as  a  Calhoun  Nullifier  to  the  United  States 
Senate  and  served  from  November  26,  1833,  to 
December,  1842,  when  he  resigned;  president  of 
the  College  of  South  Carolina  1846-1851,  and  trus- 
tee 1851-1857;  died  in  Columbia,  S.  C.,  May  22, 
1860. 

Price,  Andrew,  a  Representative  from  Louisi- 
ana; born  in  Chatsworth  Plantation,  near  Frank- 
lin, St.  Marys  Parish,  La.,  April  2,  1854;  attended 
various  private  schools  and  the  collegiate  depart- 
ment of  Cumberland  university,  Lebanon,  Tenn.; 
was  graduated  from  the  law  department  of  Cum- 
berland university  in  1875;  continued  his  legal 
studies  for  two  years  in  the  law  department  of 
Washington  university  in  St.  Louis,  Mo.,  and  was 
graduated  in  1877;  practiced  law  in  St.  Louis  until 
the  fall  of  1880,  when  he  returned  to  Louisiana  and 
engaged  in  sugar  planting;  delegate  to  the  Demo- 
cratic national  convention  in  1888;  elected  as  a 
Democrat  to  the  Fifty-first  Congress  to  fill  the 
vacancy  caused  by  the  death  of  his  father-in-law. 
Edward  J.  Gay;  reelected  to  the  Fifty-second, 
Fifty- third,  and  Fifty-fourth  Congresses  and  served 
from  December  2,  1889,  to  March  3,  1897;  died 
in  Lafourche  Parish,  La.,  February  5,  1909. 

Price,  Hiram.,  a  Representative  from  Iowa; 
born  in  Washington  county,  Pa.,  January  10,  1814; 
attended  the  common  schools;  engaged  m  farming 
and  mercantile  pursuits;  moved  to  Davenport, 
Iowa,  in  1844;  president  of  the  State  Bank  of  Iowa 
1859-1866;  during  the  Civil  war  was  appointed 
paymaster  general,  the  only  officer  of  that  rank 
known  to  Iowa;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the 
Thirty-eighth,  Thirty-ninth,  and  Fortieth  Con- 
gresses (March  4,  1863-March  3,  1869);  declined  a 
renomination;  president  of  the  Davenport  and  St. 
Paul  railroad  company;  elected  as  a  Republican  to 
the  Forty-fifth  and  Forty-sixth  Congresses  (March 
4,  1877-March  3,  1881);  United  States  Commis- 
sioner of  Indian  Affairs  1881-1885;  died  in  Wash- 
ington, D.  C.,  May  30,  1901. 

Price,  Hugh  Hiram,  a  Representative  from 
Wisconsin;  born  in  Black  River  Falls,  Jackson 
county,  Wis.,  December  2,  1859;  attended  the 
public  schools  and  the  University  of  Wisconsin; 
engaged  in  milling  and  the  lumber  business; 
elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Forty-ninth  Con- 
gress, to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  the  death  of  his 
father,  William  T.  Price,  and  served  from  Febru- 
ary 2, 1887,  to  March  3, 1887;  died  in  Denver,  Colo., 
December  25,  1904. 

Price,  Hodman  McCamley,  a  Representative 
•  from  New  Jersey;  born  in  Sussex  county,  N.  J., 
May  5,  1816;  pursued  classical  studies  in  Prince- 
ton college,  but  did  not  graduate;  studied  law  and 
was  admitted  to  the  bar;  purser  in  the  navy  in 
1840,  and  was  stationed  in  San  Francisco;  prefect 
and  alcalde  in  1846;  member  first  constitutional 
convention  of  California;  returned  to  New  Jersey; 
elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Thirty-second  Con- 
gress (March  4,  1851-March  3,  1853);  defeated  as 
the  Democratic  candidate  for  reelection;  governor 
of  New  Jersey  1854-1857;  delegate  to  the  peace 
congress  in  Washington,  D.  C.,  in  1861;  died  in 
Oakland,  Bergen  county,  N.  J.,  June  7,  1894. 

Price,  Samuel,  a  Senator  from  West  Virginia; 
born  in  Fauquier  county,  Va.,  August  18,  1805; 


moved  with  parents  to  Preston  county  in  1817; 
received  a  preparatory  training;  studied  law,  was 
admitted  to  the  bar,  and  practiced  in  Nicholas 
and  Braxton  counties,  and  then  in  Lewisburg; 
held  various  local  offices;  served  as  a  member  of 
the  state  house  of  representatives  1834-1836; 
prosecuting  attorney  for  Braxton  county  1836- 
1850;  again  served  in  the  state  house  of  representa- 
tives 1847-1852,  excepting  one  year;  delegate  to 
the  constitutional  convention  1850-1851  and  1861; 
elected  lieutenant  governor  of  Virginia  in  1863,  and 
continued  until  the  close  of  the  war;  delegate  to 
the  constitutional  convention  of  West  Virginia  in 
1872  and  was  its  president;  appointed  to  the  United 
States  Senate  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  the  death 
of  Allen  T.  Caperton,  and  served  from  August  26, 
1876,  to  January  26,  1877;  died  in  Lewisburg, 
W.  Va.,  February  25,  1884. 

Price,  Sterling,  a  Representative  from  Mis- 
souri; born  in  Prince  Edward  county,  Va.,  Sep- 
tember 20,  1809;  completed  preparatory  studies 
and  attended  Hampden-Sidney  college,  Va.; 
studied  law  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar;  moved  to 
Keytesville,  Mo.;  member  of  the  state  house  of 
representatives  and  its  speaker  1840-1844;  elected 
as  a  Democrat  to  the  Twenty-ninth  Congress  and 
served  from  March  4,  1845,  to  August  12,  1846, 
when  he  resigned  to  participate  in  the  Mexican 
war;  colonel  of  the  second  Missouri  'infantry 
August  12,  1846;  brigadier  general  of  volunteers 
July  20,  1847;  honorably  discharged  November  25, 
1848;  returned  to  Missouri  and  engaged  in  farming 
on  the  Bowling  Green  prairie;  governor  of  Missouri 
1853-1857;  state  bank  commissioner  1857-1861; 
served  in  the  Confederate  army;  after  the  war  went 
to  Mexico,  but  returned  to  Missouri;  died  in  St. 
Louis,  Mo.,  September  29,  1867. 

Price,  Thomas  Lawson,  a  Representative  from 
Missouri;  born  near  Danville,  Va.,  January  19, 
1809;  attended  the  old  field  schools;  moved  to  Mis- 
souri in  1831,  and  in  1832  located  in  Jefferson  City; 
conducted  stage  lines,  and  was  a  manufacturer; 
held  several  local  offices;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to 
the  Thirty -seventh  Congress,  to  fill  vacancy  caused 
by  the  expulsion  of  John  W.  Reid,  and  served  from 
January  21,  1862,  to  March  3,  1863;  defeated  for 
reelection;  a  delegate  in  the  national  Democratic 
conventions  of  1864  and  1868;  died  in  Jefferson 
City,  Mo.,  July  15,  1870. 

Price,  William  Pierce,  a  Representative  from 
Georgia;  born  in  Dahlonega,  Lumpkin  county,  Ga., 
January  29,  1835;  attended  Furman  university,  in 
Greenville,  S.  C.,  in  1854,  but  left  before  graduating 
to  take  editorial  charge  of  a  newspaper;  studied 
law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  in  1856  began 
practice  in  Greenville,  S.  C.;  served  several  years 
as  a  member  of  the  state  legislature;  removed  to 
Georgia  in  1868;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the 
Forty-first  and  Forty-second  Congresses  (March  4, 
1869-March  3,  1873);  died  in  Dahlonega,  Ga.,  No- 
vember 4,  1908. 

Price,  William  Thompson,  a  Representative 
from  Wisconsin;  born  in  Huntingdon  county,  Pa., 
June  17,  1824;  attended  the  common  schools;  en- 
gaged in  lumbering  and  farming;  member  of  the 
Wisconsin  assembly  in  1851  and  1882;  member  of 
the  state  senate  in  1857,  1870-1871,  1878-1879, 
1880-1881;  president  of  the  senate  1879;  county 
judge  of  Jackson  county  in  1854  and  1859;  presi- 
dential elector  in  1868;  elected  as  a  Republican 
to  the  Forty-eighth  and  Forty-ninth  Congresses 


BIOGRAPHIES. 


937 


and  served  from  March  4,  1883,  until  his  death  in 
Black  River  Falls,  Wis.,  December  6,  1886. 

Pridemore,  Auburn  L.,  a  Representative  from 
Virginia;  born  in  Scott  county,  Va.,  June  27,  1837; 
completed  preparatory  studies;  served  in  the  Con- 
federate army  and  attained  the  rank  of  colonel; 
after  the  war  began  the  study  of  law,  was  admitted 
to  the  bar,  and  practiced  in  Jonesville,  Va.;  mem- 
ber of  the  state  senate  1871-1875;  elected  as  a  Demo- 
crat to  the  Forty-fifth  Congress  (March  4,  1877- 
March  3,  1879). 

Prince,  Charles  Henry,  a  Representative  from 
Georgia;  born  in  Buckfield,  Oxford  county,  Me., 
May  9,  1837;  received  a  limited  schooling  and  be- 
came a  merchant;  captain  of  company  C,  twenty- 
third  Maine  infantry  from  September  10,  1862,  to 
July  15, 1863;  after  the  war  located  in  Augusta,  Ga., 
and  was  cashier  of  a  bank;  postmaster  of  Augusta 
for  twelve  years;  state  superintendent  of  educa- 
tion; delegate  to  the  state  constitutional  conven- 
tion; elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Fortieth  Con- 
gress (March  4,  1867-March  3,  1869);  returned  to 
Buckfield,  Me.,  and  engaged  in  manufacturing; 
member  of  the  Maine  senate  in  1901;  delegate  in 
several  Republican  national  conventions;  died  in 
Buckfield,  Me.,  April  3,  1912. 

Prince,  George  Washington,  a  Representa- 
tive from  Illinois;  born  in  Tazewell  county,  111., 
March  4,  1854;  attended  the  public  schools,  and 
was  graduated  from  Rnox  college,  Galesburg,  111., 
in  1878;  studied  law,  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar 
in  1880,  and  practiced  in  Galesburg,  111.;  elected 
city  attorney  of  Galesburg  in  1881;  chairman  of  the 
Republican  county  central  committee  of  Knox 
county  in  1884;  elected  a  member  of  the  lower 
house  of  the  general  assembly  of  Illinois  in  1888; 
reflected  in  1890;  candidate  for  attorney  general  of 
Illinois  on  the  Republican  ticket  in  1892;  elected 
as  a  Republican  to  the  Fifty-fourth  Congress,  to 
fill  vacancy  caused  by  the  death  of  Philip  Sidney 
Post;  reelected  to  the  Fifty -fifth,  and  to  the  six  suc- 
ceeding Congresses,  and  served  from  December  2, 
1895,  to  March  3, 1911.  Reelected  to  the  Sixty-second 
Congress. 

Prince,  Oliver  Hillhouse,  a  Senator  from  Geor- 
gia; born  in  Montville,  Conn.,  in  1782;  completed 
preparatory  studies;  moved  with  parents  to  Geor- 
gia; studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and 
began  practice  in  Macon,  Ga. ;  elected  to  the  United 
States  Senate,  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  the  resig- 
nation of  Thomas  W.  Cobb,  and  served  from  No- 
vember 7,  1828,  to  March  3,  1829;  perished  in  the 
wreck  of  the  packet  ship  Home,  near  Ocracoke  In- 
let, N.  C.,  October  9,  1837. 

Prince,  William,  a  Representative  from  Indi- 
ana; born  in  Ireland  in  1772;  was  elected  to  the 
Eighteenth  Congress,  and  served  from  March  4, 
1823,  until  his  death,  in  Princeton,  Ind.,  Septem- 
ber 4,  1824. 

Prindle,  Elizur  H.,  a  Representative  from  New 
York;  born  in  Newton,  Conn.,  May  6,  1829;  com- 
pleted preparatory  studies;  studied  law,  was  ad- 
mitted to  the  bar,  and  practiced;  district  attorney 
of  Chenango  county,  N.  Y.,  1860-1862;  member  of 
the  state  assembly  in  1863;  member  of  the  state 
constitutional  convention  in  1867  and  1868 ;  elected 
as  a  Republican  to  the  Forty-second  Congress 
(March  4,  1871-March  3,  1873);  died  in  Norwich, 
N.  Y.,  October?,  1890. 


Pringle,  Benjamin,  a  Representative  from 
New  York;  born  in  Richfield  Springs,  Otsego 
county,  N.  Y.,  November  9,  1807;  completed  pre- 
paratory studies;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the 
bar,  and  practiced  for  a  number  of  years;  president 
of  a  bank  in  Batavia,  N.  Y.;  judge  of  Genesee 
county  court;  elected  as  a  Whig  to  the  Thirty-third 
and  Thirty-fourth  Congresses  (March  4, 1853-March 
3,  1857);  member  of  the  state  house  of  representa- 
tives in  1863;  appointed  judge  of  the  court  of  arbi- 
tration in  Cape  Town  under  the  treaty  with  Great 
Britain;  died  in  Hastings,  Minn.,  June  7,  1887. 

Pritchard,  Jeter  Connelly,  a  Senator  from 
North  Carolina;  born  in  Jonesboro,  Tenn.,  July  12, 
1857;  attended  Martins  Creek  academy;  appren- 
ticed as  a  printer  in  the  Jonesboro  Tribune-Herald 
office;  moved  to  Bakersville,  Mitchell  county, 
N.  C.,  in  1873;  joint  editor  and  owner  of  the  Roan 
Mountain  Republican  until  1887,  when  he  moved 
to  Marshall,  Madison  county;  Garfield  elector  in 
1880;  elected  to  the  state  legislature  in  1884,  1886, 
and  1890;  Republican  candidate  for  lieutenant 
governor  in  1888,  and  the  Republican  caucus  nomi- 
nee for  United  States  Senator  in  1892;  delegate 
at  large  to  the  Minneapolis  convention  in  1892; 
elected  president  of  the  North  Carolina  protective 
tariff  league  in  1891 ;  candidate  for  Congress  in  1892 ; 
licensed  to  practice  law  in  1887;  elected  as  a  Re- 
publican to  the  United  States  Senate,  to  fill  va- 
cancy caused  by  the  death  of  Zebulon  B.  Vance; 
reelected  in  1897,  and  served  from  January  23, 
1895,  to  March  3,  1903;  appointed  a  justice  of  su- 
preme court  of  the  District  of  Columbia  March  30, 
1903;  appointed  judge  of  the  United  States  circuit 
court,  fourth  judicial  circuit. 

Proctor,  Bedfield,  a  Senator  from  Vermont; 
born  in  Proctorsville,  Vt.,  June  1,  1831;  was  grad- 
uated from  Dartmouth  college  in  1851,  and  from 
the  Albany  law  school  in  1859;  practiced  in  Bos- 
ton, Mass.,  1860-1861;  enlisted  in  the  third  regi- 
ment of  Vermont  volunteers  in  1861 ;  was  appointed 
quartermaster  with  the  rank  of  lieutenant;  served 
on  the  staff  of  General  William  F.  Smith  as  brigade 
and  division  quartermaster;  promoted  major  of  the 
fifth  regiment  and  colonel  of  the  fifteenth;  was 
mustered  out  in  1863;  returned  to  Vermont  and 
engaged  in  the  practice  of  law,  and  became  inter- 
ested in  the  development  of  the  marble  industry; 
representative  in  the  state  legislature  in  186^-1868 
and  1888;  member  of  the  state  senate  and  president 
pro  tempore  1874-1875;  lieutenant  governor  of  the 
state  1876-1878;  governor  1878-1880;  delegate  in 
the  Republican  national  conventions  of  1884,  1888, 
and  1896;  appointed  Secretary  of  War  by  President 
Harrison  in  March,  1889;  resigned  from  the  cabinet 
in  November,  1891;  appointed  as  a  Republican  to 
the  United  States  Senate,  to  fill  vacancy  caused 
by  the  resignation  of  George  F.  Edmunds;  subse- 
quently elected  to  fill  the  vacancy,  and  twice  re- 
elected,  and  served  from  November  2,  1891,  until 
his  death,  in  Washington,  D.  C.,  March  4,  1908. 

Promt,  George  H.,  a  Representative  from  In- 
diana; born  in  New  Orleans,  La.,  September  5, 
1807;  completed  preparatory  studies;  member  state 
house  of  representatives  1832, 1836, 1837,  and  1838; 
elected  as  a  Whig  to  the  Twenty-sixth  and  Twenty- 
seventh  Congresses  (March  4,  1839-March  3,  1843); 
appointed  by  President  Tyler  minister  to  Brazil, 
and  served  from  June  7, 1843,  until  August  10, 1844, 
when  he  returned  home,  the  Senate  having  refused 
to  confirm  his  appointment;  died  in  Louisville, 
Ky.,  September  5,  1847. 


938 


CONGRESSIONAL   DIRECTORY. 


Prosser,  William  Farrand,  a  Representative 
from  Tennessee;  born  in  Williamsport,  Pa.,  March 
16, 1834;  received  a  limited  schooling;  studied  law, 
but  never  practiced;  went  to  California  in  1854; 
engaged  in  mining;  returned  to  Pennsylvania  in 
1861  and  entered  the  Union  army  as  a  private  in  the 
A.nderson  troop;  served  throughout  the  war  in  the 
Army  of  the  Cumberland;  served  as  quartermaster 
of  the  fifteenth  Pennsylvania  cavalry  until  1862, 
when  he  was  placed  in  command  of  one  of  its  com- 
panies; transferred  to  the  second  Tennessee  cav- 
alry and  adjutant  during  its  organization;  commis- 
sioned major  in  March,  1863,  lieutenant  colonel  in 
March,  1864,  and  colonel  in  June,  1865;  ai  ;.,r  the 
war  located  on  a  farm  near  Nashville,  Tenr  ;  was 
elected  a  member  of  the  Tennessee  house  ct  epre- 
sentatives  in  1867;  a  director  of  the  Tennessee  and 
Pacific  railroad;  in  March,  1868,  appointed  one  of 
the  directors  on  the  part  of  the  state  for  the  Edge- 
field  and  Kentucky  railroad;  elected  as  a  Repub- 
lican to  the  Forty-first  Congress  (March  4,  1869- 
March  3, 1871);  defeated  for  reelection;  went  to  the 
Territory  of  Washington  in  1879  as  a  special  agent 
of  the  Interior  Department;  delegate  in  the  first 
constitutional  convention  of  Washington;  harbor 
line  commissioner;  mayor  of  North  Yakima;  city 
treasurer  of  Seattle  1908-1910;  died  in  Seattle, 
Wash.,  September  23,  1911. 

Pruyn,  John  Van  Schaick  Lansing,  a  Repre- 
sentative from  New  York;  born  in  Albany,  N.  Y., 
June  22,  1811;  pursued  classical  studies  and  was 
graduated  f  rom  the  Albany  academy  in  1826 ;  studied 
Taw,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  in  1832  began 
practice  in  Albany;  held  several  local  offices;  ap- 
pointed a  regent  of  the  state  university  in  1844,  and 
in  1862  became  chancellor  of  the  university  and 
president  of  the  board  of  regents;  a  state  senator  in 
1861;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Thirty-eighth 
Congress  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  the  resignation 
of  Erastus  Corning,  and  served  from  December  7, 
1863,  to  March  3,  1865;  reelected  to  the  Fortieth 
Congress  (March  3,  1867-March  3,  1869);  died  in 
Clifton  Springs,  N.  Y.,  November  21,  1877. 

Pryor,  Luke,  a  Senator  and  a  Representative 
from  Alabama;  born  in  Madison  county,  Ala.,  July 
5,  1820;  pursued  an  academic  course;  studied  law, 
was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1841,  and  practiced  in 
Athens,  Ala.;  also  engaged  in  farming;  member  of 
the  Alabama  legislature  1855-1856;  appointed  to 
the  United  States  Senate  to  fill  vacancy  occa- 
sioned by  the  death  of  George  S.  Houston,  and 
served  from  January  7,  1880,  to  November  24, 
1880;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Forty-eighth 
Congress  (March  4,  1883-March  3,  1885);  died  in 
Athens,  Ala.,  August  5,  1900. 

Prypr,  Roger  Atkinson,  a  Representative  from 
Virginia;  born  in  Dinwiddie  county,  Va.,  July  19, 
1828;  was  graduated  from  Hampden-Sydney  col- 
lege in  1845,  and  from  the  University  of  Virginia  in 
1848;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1849, 
and  practiced  a  short  time  in  Petersburg,  but 
abandoned  the  law  on  account  of  ill  health;  engaged 
on  the  editorial  staff  of  the  Washington  Union  in 
1852  and  the  Richmond  Enquirer  in  1854;  ap- 
pointed special  minister  to  Greece  in  1854;  re- 
turned home  and  established  The  South  in  1857, 
and  after  it  had  failed  was  on  the  staff  of  the  Wash- 
ington States;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Thirty- 
sixth  Congress,  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  the  death 
of  William  O.  Goode,  and  served  from  December  7, 
1859,  to  March  3,  1861;  served  in  the  Confederate 
army;  member  of  the  Virginia  Confederate  house  of 


representatives;  captured  by  the  Union  troops  in 
November,  1864,  and  confined  in  Fort  Lafayette, 
but  soon  afterwards  released;  moved  to  New  York 
City  and  practiced  law  1866-1890;  delegate  in  the 
Democratic  national  convention  of  1876;  judge  of 
the  court  of  common  pleas  of  New  York  1890-1894; 
justice  of  the  New  York  supreme  court  1894-1899; 
retired  upon  reaching  the  age  limit;  appointed 
official  referee  by  the  state  legislature  in  1912. 

Pugh.,  George  Ellis,  a  Senator  from  Ohio;  born 
in  Cincinnati,  Ohio,  November  28, 1822;  was  gradu- 
ated from  Miami  university  in  1840;  studied  law, 
was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  in  1843  began  prac- 
tice in  Cincinnati,  Ohio;  served  in  the  Mexican 
war  as  captain  of  the  fourth  Ohio  volunteers;  re- 
turned to  Cincinnati  and  resumed  the  practice  of 
law;  member  of  the  state  legislature  1848-1849; 
city  solicitor  in  1850;  state  attorney  general  in 
1852-1854;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  United 
States  Senate  and  served  from  March  4,  1855,  to 
March  3, 1861;  delegate  in  the  Democratic  national 
convention  or  1860;  defeated  as  the  Democratic 
candidate  for  lieutenant  governor  in  1863;  defeated 
as  the  Democratic  candidate  for  the  Thirty-ninth 
Congress;  delegate  to  the  state  constitutional  con- 
vention, but  withdrew  frorn  its  deliberations  and 
resumed  the  practice  of  law;  died  in  Cincinnati, 
Ohio,  July  19,  1876. 

Pugh,  James  Lawrence,  a  Representative  and 
a  Senator  from  Alabama;  born  in  Burke  county, 
Ga.,  December  12,  1820;  pursued  an  academic 
course  in  Alabama  and  Georgia;  moved  with  par- 
ents to  Alabama  in  1824;  licensed  to  practice  law 
in  1841;  Taylor  elector  in  1848,  Buchanan  elector 
in  1856,  and  state  elector  for  Tilden  in  1876; 
elected  to  the  Thirty-sixth  Congress,  and  served 
from  March  4,  1859,  to  January  21,  1861,  when  he 
presented  a  signed  communication  declaring  his 
purpose,  and  withdrew;  joined  the  Eufaula  rifles 
in  the  first  Alabama  regiment  as  a  private;  elected 
to  the  Confederate  congress  in  1861,  and  reelected 
in  1863;  after  the  war  resumed  the  practice  of  law; 
president  of  the  state  convention  of  the  Democratic 
party  in  1874;  member  of  die  convention  that 
framed  the  state  constitution  of  1875;  elected  as  a 
Democrat  to  the  United  States  Senate,  to  fill  the 
vacancy  caused  by  the  death  of  George  S.  Houston; 
twice  reelected,  and  served  from  November  2, 1880, 
to  March  3, 1897;  died  in  Washington,  D.  C.,  March 
9,  1907. 

Pugh,  John,  a  Representative  from  Pennsylva- 
nia; born  in  Hillstown  township,  Bucks  county, 
Pa.,  June  2,  1761;  attended  the  common  schools; 
held  various  local  offices;  elected  to  the  Ninth  and 
Tenth  Congresses  (March  4,  1805-March  3,  1809); 
died  in  Doylestown,  Bucks  county,  Pa.,  July  13, 
1842. 

Pugh,  John  Howard,  a  Representative  from 
New  Jersey;  born  in  Chester  county,  Pa.,  June  23, 
1827;  completed  preparatory  studies;  studied 
medicine,  and  was  graduated  from  the  medical 
department  of  the  University  of  Pennsylvania  in 
1852;  began  practice  in  Burlington,  N.  J.,  in  1854; 
elected  president  of  the  Mechanics'  national  bank 
of  Burlington  in  1869;  elected  as  a  Republican  to 
the  Forty-fifth  Congress  (March  4,  1877-March  3, 
1879  ;  died  in  Burlington,  N.  J.,  April  30,  1905. 

Pugh,  Samuel  Johnson,  a  Representative  from 
Kentucky;  born  in  Greenup  county,  Ky.,  January 
28,  1850;  went  with  parents  to  Lewis  county  in 
1852;  attended  Chandler's  select  school,  Rand's 


BIOGRAPHIES. 


939 


academy,    and    Centre   college,    Danville,    Ky.. 
studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  prac- 
ticed in  Vanceburg,  Ky.;  held  successively  the 
offices  of  city  attorney,  1872-1873;  master  commis- 
sioner of  the  circuit  court,  1874-1880;  county  at- 
torney, 1878-1886;  county  judge,  1886-1890;  dele- 
gate to  the  Kentucky  constitutional  convention 
1890-1891,  and  state  senator,  1893-1894;  elected  as 
a  Republican  to  the  Fifty-fourth,  Fifty-fifth,  anc 
Fifty-sixth  Congresses  (March  4,    1895-March  3 
1901);  resumed  the  practice  of  law  in  Vanceburg 
Ky. 

Pugsley,  Cornelius  Amory,  a  Representative 
from  New  York;  born  in  Peekskill,  N.  Y.,  July  17, 
1850;  attended  the  public  schools,  and  was  in- 
structed in  higher  branches  by  a  private  tutor; 
clerk  and  assistant  postmaster;  engaged  in  the 
banking  business;  president  of  the  Westchester 
county  national  bank  of  Peekskill;  member  of  the 
chamber  of  commerce,  New  York  City;  president 
of  the  board  of  trustees  of  the  Field  library,  Peeks- 
kill;  trustee  and  treasurer  of  the  Peekskill  military 
academy;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Fifty- 
seventh  Congress  (March  4,  1901-March  3,  1903); 
resumed  business  in  Peekskill. 

Pugsley,  Jacob  Joseph,  a  Representative  from 
Ohio;  born  in  Dutchess  county,  N .  Y.,  January  25, 
1838;  moved  to  Ohio  with  parents  in  1839;  was 
graduated  from  Miami  university;  admitted  to  the 
bar;  served  in  both  branches  of  the  state  legisla- 
ture; elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Fiftieth  and 
Fifty-first  Congresses  (March  4,  1887-March  3, 
1891);  trustee  of  the  Boys'  industrial  school,  Lan- 
caster, Ohio,  for  fifteen  years;  retired,  and  a  resi- 
dent of  Hillsboro,  Ohio. 

Pujo,  Arsdne  Paul,  a  Representative  from 
Louisiana;  born  near  Lake  Charles,  Calcasieu  par- 
ish, La.,  December  16,  1861;  attended  public 
and  private  schools  of  Lake  Charles;  studied  law 
and  was  admitted  to  the  bar  October  23,  1886; 
practiced  in  Lake  Charles,  La.;  member  of  the 
state  constitutional  convention  of  1898;  elected  as 
a  Democrat  to  the  Fifty-eighth,  Fifty-ninth,  Six- 
tieth, and  Sixty-first  Congresses  (March  4,  1903- 
March  3,  1911).  Reelected  to  the  Sixty-second 


Pulitzer,  Joseph.,  a  Representative  from  New 
York;  born  in  Makdo,  near  puda  Pesth,  Hungary, 
April  10,  1847;  received  his  early  training  from 
a  private  tutor;  came  to  the  United  States  in  1864; 
enlisted  as  a  private  in  the  Union  army  at  the  age 
of  seventeen  in  the  first  New  York  (Lincoln)  cav- 
alry, in  Kingston,  N.  Y.,  September  30,  1864; 
mustered  out  in  Alexandria,  Va.,  June  5,  1865, 
and  resumed  civil  life  in  St.  Louis,  Mo;  studied 
law  and  admitted  to  practice  by  the  supreme  court 
of  Missouri;  elected  to  the  Missouri  legislature 
in  1869  and  was  a  member  of  the  state  constitutional 
convention  of  1874;  entered  journalism  in  1867  as  a 
reporter  on  the  St.  Louis  Westliche  Post,  and  be- 
came managing  editor  and  part  proprietor;  founded 
the  St.  Louis  Post-Dispatch  December  10,  1878,  by 
purchasing  the  Dispatch  and  uniting  it  with  the 
Evening  Post,  and  continued  to  own  and  publish 
it  until  his  death;  moved  to  New  York  City  in  the 
spring  of  1883,  and  bought  the  New  York  World; 
delegate  in  the  Cincinnati  convention  in  1872,  that 
nominated  Horace  Greeley  for  the  presidency; 
delegate  in  the  Democratic  national  convention 
of  1880;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Forty-ninth 
Congress,  and  served  from  Mrach  4,  1885,  until 
April  10,  1886,  when  he  resigned;  died  on  board 


his  yacht  in  the  harbor  of  Charleston,  S.  C.,  October 
29,  1911. 

Purcell,  William  Edward,  a  Senator  from 
North  Dakota;  born  in  Flemington,  N.  J.,  August 
3,  1856;  attended  common  schools;  studied  law, 
was  admitted  to  the  bar  of  New  Jersey  in  1880; 
went  to  Dakota  territory  in  July,  1881;  located  in 
Wahpeton;  was  appointed  by  President  Cleveland 
United  States  attorney  for  the  territory  of  Dakota 
April  5,  1888;  resigned  in  May,  1889,  having  been 
elected  a  member  of  the  constitutional  convention 
for  the  new  state  of  North  Dakota;  was  a  member  of 
the  joint  committee  appointed  by  the  constitu- 
tional convention  of  North  Dakota  to  divide  the 
property  and  adjust  the  indebtedness  between  the 
states  of  North  and  South  Dakota;  district  attorney 
of  Richland  county,  N.  Dak.,  from  October  1889, 
to  January  1,  1891;  elected  state  senator  in  No- 
vember, 1906;  appointed  United  States  Senator 
January  29,  1910,  to  fill  the  vacancy  in  term  com- 
mencing March  4,  1909,  caused  by  the  death  of 
Martin  N .  Johnson  and  the  resignation  of  Fountain 
L.  Thompson,  and  served  from  February  1,  1910, 
to  February  1, 1911;  resumed  the  practice  of  law  in 
Wahpeton,  N.  Dak. 

Purdy,  Smith  M.,  a  Representative  from  New 
York;  a  native  of  Chenango  county,  N.  Y.;  elected 
as  a  Democrat  to  the  Twenty-eighth  Congress 
(March  4, 1843-March  3,  1845). 

Purman,  William  J.,  a  Representative  from 
Florida;  born  in  Center  county,  Pa.,  April  11, 
1840;  completed  preparatory  studies;  studied  law: 
entered  the  Union  army  as  a  private  and  served 
on  special  duty  at  the  War  department  until 
transferred  to  Florida  in  1865;  remained  in  Florida 
and  elected  a  member  of  the  constitutional  con- 
vention in  1868;  state  senator;  judge  of  Jackson 
county  court  1868-1869;  elected  to  the  state  senate 
and  served  1869-1873;  assessor  of  United  States 
internal  revenue  for  the  district  of  Florida  1870- 
1872;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Forty -third 
Congress,  and  served  from  March  4, 1873,  until 
February  6,  1875,  when  he  resigned;  reelected  to 
the  Forty-fourth  Congress  (March  4,  1875-March 
3,  1877);  defeated  for  the  Forty-fifth  Congress. 

Purviance,  Samuel  A.,  a  Representative  from 
Pennsylvania;  born  in  Butler,  Pa.,  November  8, 
1809;  pursued  classical  studies;  studied  law,  was 
admitted  to  the  bar,  and  began  practice  in  Butler, 
Pa.;  delegate  to  the  constitutional  convention  in 
1836;  member  of  the  state  house  of  representatives 
in  1838-1839;  delegate  in  the  Whig  national  con- 
vention of  1844;  presidential  elector  in  1848  on  the 
Taylor  and  Fillmore  ticket;  elected  as  a  Whig  to 
the  Thirty-fourth  and  Thirty-fifth  Congresses 
(March  4, 1855-March  3,  1859);  delegate  in  the  Re- 
publican national  conventions  of  1860,  1864,  and 
1868;  attorney  general  of  Pennsylvania  in  1861; 
died  in  Pittsburgh,  Pa.,  February  14,  1882. 

Purviance,  Samuel  D.,  a  Representative  from 
!^"orth  Carolina;  native  of  North  Carolina;  attended 
the  common  schools;  elected  to  the  Eighth  Con- 
gress (March  4,  1803-March  3, 1805). 

Puryear,  Richard  Clausell,  a  Representative 
rom  North  Carolina;  born  in  Mecklenburg  county, 
Va.,  February  9,  1801;  pursued  classical  studies; 
engaged  in  mercantile  pursuits;  moved  to  Hunts- 
ville,  N.  C.;  served  in  both  branches  of  the  state 
egislature;  elected  as  a  Whig  to  the  Thirty  -third 


940 


CONGRESSIONAL   DIKECTOKY. 


and  Thirty-fourth  Congresses  (March  4,  1853- 
March  3,  1857);  defeated  for  reelection  to  the 
Thirty -fifth  Congress;  delegate  from  North  Carolina 
to  the  Confederate  provincial  congress  which  as- 
sembled at  Richmond  in  1861;  died  in  Yadkin 
county,  N.  C.,  July  30,  1867. 

Pusey,  William  Henry  Mills,  a  Representa- 
tive from  Iowa;  born  in  Washington  county,  Pa., 
July  29,  1826;  attended  Washington  and  Jefferson 
college;  was  graduated  in  1847;  engaged  in  bank- 
ing; member  of  the  state  senate  1858-1862;  elected 
as  a  Democrat  to  the  Forty-eighth  Congress  (March 
4,  1883-March  3,  1885);  died  November  15,  1900. 

Putnam,  Harvey,  a  Representative  from  New 
York;  born  in  Brattleboro,  Vt.,  January  5,  1793; 
received  a  limited  schooling;  studied  law,  was  ad- 
mitted to  the  bar,  and  began  practice  in  Attica; 
held  several  local  offices;  elected  as  a  Whig  to  the 
Twenty -fifth  Congress  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  the 
death  of  William  Patterson  and  served  from  March 
4,  1838,  to  March  3,  1839;  member  of  the  state 
senate  1843-1846;  elected  to  the  Thirtieth  and 
Thirty-first  Congresses  (March  4,  1847-March  3, 
1851);  died  in  Attica,  N.  Y.,  September  20,  1855. 

Quackenbush,  John  Adam,  a  Representative 
from  New  York;  born  in  Schaghticoke,  N.  Y., 
October  15,  1828;  attended  the  district  schools 
and  the  academy  in  Stillwater,  N.  Y.;  fanner 
and  speculator  in  farm  products  and  lumber; 
elected  supervisor  of  his  town  1860-1862;  chair- 
man of  the  board  of  supervisors  of  Rensselaer 
county  in  1862;  member  of  the  state  assembly 
in  1862;  sheriff  of  Rensselaer  county  1873-1876- 
elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Fifty-first  and 
Fifty-second  Congresses  (March  4,  1889-March  3, 
1893);  died  in  Schaghticoke,  N.  Y.,  May  11, 1908. 

Quarles,  James  Minor,  a  Representative  from 
Tennessee;  born  in  Louisa  county,  Va.,  February 
8,  1823;  moved  with  his  father  to  Kentucky  in 
1833;  completed  preparatory  studies;  studied  law, 
was  admitted  to  the  bar  and  practiced;  moved  to 
Clarksville,  Tenn.;  state  attorney  for  the  tenth 
judicial  district;  elected  as  a  National  American 
to  the  Thirty-sixth  Congress  (March  4,  1859- 
March  3, 1861);  died  in  Nashville,  Tenn.,  March  3, 
1901. 

Quarles,  Joseph,  Very,  a  Senator  from  Wis- 
consin; born  in  Kenosha,  Wis.  (then  Southport), 
December  16,  1843;  entered  the  University  of 
Michigan  in  1862,  and  in  1864  entered  the  Union 
army  in  the  thirty -ninth  Wisconsin  volunteers; 
mustered  out  as  first  lieutenant  company  C,  and 
returned  to  Michigan  university  and  was  grad- 
uated in  1866;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the 
bar  and  in  1868  engaged  in  practice  in  Kenosha; 
district  attorney  for  Kenosha  county  1870-1876; 
mayor  of  Kenosha  in  1876;  member  of  the  state 
assembly  in  1879;  state  senator  1880-1882;  moved 
to  Racine,  Wis. ;  six  years  later  made  Milwaukee 
his  home;  elected  to  the  United  States  Senate  as  a 
Republican  and  served  from  March  4,  1899,  to 
March  3,  1905;  appointed  United  States  district 
judge,  eastern  district  of  Wisconsin;  died  in  Mil- 
waukee, Wis.,  October  7,  1911. 

Quarles,  Julian  Minor,  a  Representative  from 
Virginia;  born  in  the  county  of  Caroline,  Va., 
September,  1848;  attended  Pine  Hill  and  Aspen 
Hill  academies,  Louisa  county,  Va.,  and  the 
university  of  Virginia;  studied  law,  was  admitted 


to  the  bar,  and  commenced  practice  in  1874  in 
Staunton,  Va.;  judge  of  the  county  court  of 
Augusta  county,  Va.,  for  several  years,  and  re- 
signed; elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Fifty-sixth 
Congress  (March  4,  1899-March  3,  1901). 

Quarles,  Tunstall,  a  Representative  from 
Kentucky;  native  of  Virginia;  attended  the  com- 
mon schools;  moved  to  Kentucky;  studied  law, 
was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  practiced;  elected 
to  the  Fifteenth  and  Sixteenth  Congresses,  and 
served  from  March  4,  1817  to  1820,  when  he 
resigned;  moved  to  Cape  Girardeau,  Mo.,  and 
became  receiver  of  public  moneys  in  the  United 
States  land  offices. 

Quay,  Matthew  Stanley,  a  Senator  from 
Pennsylvania;  born  in  Dillsburg,  York  county, 
Pa.,  September  30,  1833;  prepared  for  college  at 
Beaver  and  Indiana  academies;  was  graduated 
from  Jefferson  college  in  1850;  studied  law  and 
was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1854;  elected  pro- 
thonotary  of  Beaver  county  in  1856  and  reelected 
in  1859;  lieutenant  in  the  tenth  Pennsylvania 
reserves;  colonel  of  the  one  hundred  and  thirty- 
fourth  Pennsylvania  volunteers;  lieutenant  col- 
onel and  assistant  commissary  general;  military 
state  agent  at  Washington;  private  secretary  to 
the  governor  of  Pennsylvania;  major  and  chief 
of  transportation  and  telegraphs;  military  sec- 
retary to  the  governor  of  Pennsylvania  1861- 
1865;  member  of  the  legislature  1865-1867;  sec- 
retary of  state  1872-1878;  recorder  of  the  city 
of  Philadelphia,  and  chairman  of  Republican 
state  committee  1878-1879;  secretary  of  the 
commonwealth  1879-1882;  delegate  in  the  Re- 
publican national  conventions  of  1872,  1876,  and 
1880;  elected  state  treasurer  in  1885;  elected  to 
the  United  States  Senate  as  a  republican;  re- 
elected,  and  served  from  March  4,  1887,  to  March 
3,  1899;  member  and  chairman  of  the  Republi- 
can national  committee  in  1888;  delegate  to  the 
Republican  national  convention  in  1892;  defeated 
for  reelection  to  the  United  States  Senate  in 
1899  by  a  deadlock  existing  throughout  the  ses- 
sion of  the  legislature;  appointed  United  States 
Senator  by  the  governor  of  Pennsylvania  to  fill 
the  vacancy  caused  by  the  failure  of  the  legis- 
lature to  elect,  but  by  resolution  of  the  Senate 
of  April  24,  1900,  was  declared  not  entitled  to 
the  seat;  was  nominated  to  succeed  himself  by 
the  Republican  state  convention  and  reelected 
January  15,  1901;  took  his  seat  in  the  Senate  Jan- 
uary 17, 1901,  and  served  until  his  death  in  Beaver, 
Pa.,  May  28,  1904. 

Quezon,  Manuel  L.,  a  Resident  Commissioner 
from  the  Philippine  Islands;  born  in  Baler, 
Province  of  Tayabas,  August  19,  1878;  received 
primary  and  secondary  training  in  the  college  of 
San  Juan  de  Letran,  obtaining  the  degrees  of 
bachelor  of  arts  and  expert  land  surveyor;  studied 
law  in  the  university  of  St.  Thomas;  was  ad- 
mitted to  the  Filipino  bar  in  April,  1903;  major 
of  the  Philippine  army,  and  was  detailed,  first, 
to  Gen.  Aguinaldo's  staff  and  then  as  chief  of 
staff  of  the  general  commanding  the  depart- 
ment of  Central  Luzon;  under  the  American 
government  held  the  office  of  prosecuting  attor- 
ney for  the  province  of  Mindoro,  and  was  subse- 
quently transferred  to  the  Province  of  Tayabas; 
provincial  governor  of  Tayabas,  in  1906-1907, 
when  he  resigned  to  become  delegate  in  the 
Philippine  assembly,  where  he  was  the  floor 


BIOGRAPHIES. 


941 


leader  of  his  party;  elected  Resident  Commis- 
sioner to  the  Sixty-first  Congress  (March  4, 
1909-March  3,  1911).  Reelected  to  the  Sixty- 
second  Congress. 

Quigg,  Lemuel  E.,  a  Representative  from 
New  York;  bom  in  Cecil  county,  Md.,  February 
12,  1863;  attended  the  public  schools  of  Wil- 
mington, Del.;  moved  to  New  York  City  when 
seventeen  years  of  age  and  engaged  in  news- 
paper work;  after  a  year  of  service  as  re- 
porter of  the  New  York  Times  obtained  con- 
trol of  the  Flushing  (L.  I.)  Times,  and  con- 
ducted that  paper  for  several  years ;  joined 
the  editorial  staff  of  the  New  York  Tribune  in 
1885;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Fifty- 
third  Congress,  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  the 
resignation  of  John  R.  Fellows;  reelected  to 
the  Fifty-fourth  and  Fifty-fifth  Congresses,  and 
served  from  February  14,  1894,  to  March  3, 
1899. 

Quincy,  Josiah,  a  Representative  from  Mas- 
sachusetts; born  in  Boston,  Mass.,  February  4, 
1772,  attended  Phillips  Andover  academy,  and 
was  graduated  from  Harvard  college  in  1790; 
studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar.  and  be- 
gan practice  in  Boston;  defeated  as  candidate 
for  the  Seventh  and  Eighth  Congresses;  State 
Senator  1804-1805;  elected  as  a  Federalist  to 
the  Ninth,  Tenth,  Eleventh,  and  Twelfth  Con- 
gresses (March  4,  1805-March  3,  1813)  ;  mem- 
ber of  the  state  senate  1813-1820,  and  of 
the  state  house  of  representatives  1821-1822, 
served  the  last  year  as  speaker;  delegate  in 
the  constitutional  convention  of  1820;  mayor  of 
Boston  1823-1829;  during  his  administration 
the  Faneuil  Hall  market  was  established  and 
the  erection  of  Bunker  Hill  monument  was 
begun;  president  of  Harvard  college  1829-1845; 
died  in  Quincy,  Mass.,  July  1,  1864. 

Quinn,  John,  a  Representative  from  New 
York;  born  in  Ireland  August  9,  1839;  came  to 
the  United  States  at  the  close  of  the  Civil  War ; 
located  in  New  York  City;  engaged  in  the  real- 
estate  and  building  business;  president  of  the 
West  Side  electric  light  and  power  company 
and  one  of  the  founders  and  a  director  of  the 
Homestead  bank  of  New  York;  elected  to  the 
state  assembly  in  1882;  member  of  the  board 
of  aldermen  1885-1887;  delegate  in  the  Demo- 
cratic national  convention  in  Chicago  in  1884 
and  in  St.  Louis  in  1888;  elected  as  a  Demo- 
crat to  the  Fifty-first  Congress  (March  4,  1889- 
March  3,  1891). 

Quinn,  Terence  James,  a  Representative  from 
New  York;  born  in  Albany,  N.  Y.,  October  16, 
1836;  completed  preparatory  studies;  alderman 
for  several  years ;  second  lieutenant  in  the  New 
York  state  militia,  which  was  sent  to  the  defense 
of  Washington  in  April,  1861,  and  again  in  1862 ; 
served  in  the  state  assembly  in  1874 ;  elected  as 
a  Democrat  to  the  Forty-fifth  Congress  and 
served  from  March  4,  1877,  until  his  death  in 
Albany,  N.  Y.,  June  18,  1878. 

Quitman,  John  Anthony,  a  Representative 
from  Mississippi ;  born  in  Rhinebeck,  N.  Y.,  Sep- 
tember 1,  1799;  pursued  classical  studies,  and 
was  graduated  from  Hartwick  seminary  in  1816; 
an  instructor  in  Mount  Airy  college,  Pa.,  in  1818 ; 
studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar ;  moved 
to  Chillicothe,  Ohio,  in  1820;  moved  to  Natchez, 


Miss.,  in  1821,  and  practiced  law ;  member  of  the 
state  house  of  representatives  in  1826-1827; 
chancellor  of  the  state  in  1828 ;  resigned  in  1835, 
having  been  elected  to  the  state  senate,  and 
made  its  president ;  acting  governor,  1835-1836 ; 
held  various  local  offices ;  served  in  the  Mexican 
war  as  brigadier-general  and  as  major-general ; 
Presidential  elector  on  the  Cass  and  .Butler 
ticket  in  1848;  governor  of  Mississippi  1850- 
1851;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Thirty- 
fourth  and  Thirty-fifth  Congresses,  and  served 
from  March  4,  1855,  until  his  death  at  "  Mon- 
mouth,"  his  plantation  in  Mississippi,  July  17, 
1858. 

Radf ord,  William,  a  Representative  from  New 
York;  born  in  Poughkeepsie,  N.  Y.,  June  24, 
1814;  received  a  limited  schooling;  moved  to 
New  York  City  in  1829  and  became  a  merchant ; 
elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Thirty-eighth  and 
Thirty-ninth  Congresses  (March  4,  1863-March 
3,  1867)  ;  defeated  for  the  Fortieth  Congress; 
died  in  Yonkers,  N.  Y.,  January  18,  1870. 

Raines,  John,  a  Representative  from  New 
York;  born  in  Canandaigua,  N.  Y.,  May  6,  1840; 
attended  the  public  schools;  taught  school; 
studied  law,  was  graduated  from  the  Albany 
law  school  in  1861,  and  entered  practice  in 
Geneva,  N.  Y. ;  raised  company  G,  eighty-fifth 
regiment  New  York  volunteers,  in  1861,  and 
served  in  the  armies  of  the  Potomac  and  North 
Carolina  as  captain  until  July,  1863 ;  member  of 
the  assembly  of  the  state  of  New  York  in  1881, 
1882,  and  1883 ;  state  senator  in  1886-1889 ;  presi- 
dent of  the  board  of  education  of  Canandaigua ; 
alternate  at  large  to  the  Republican  national 
convention  in  1888;  elected  as  a  Republican  to 
the  Fifty-first  and  Fifty-second  Congresses 
(March  4,  1889-March  3,  1893)  ;  elected  to  the 
New  York  state  senate  in  1894,  to  fill  an  unex- 
pired  term;  1895,  1898,  1900,  1902,  1904,  1906, 
and  1908 ;  was  president  of  the  senate  1904-1909 ; 
died  in  Canandaigua,  N.  Y.,  December  16,  1909. 

Rainey,  Henry  Thomas,  a  Representative 
from  Illinois;  born  in  Carrollton,  111.,  August 
20, 1860 ;  attended  public  schools,  Knox  academy, 
and  Knox  college,  Galesburg,  ill.,  and  was  gradu- 
ated from  Amherst  college,  Massachusetts,  in 
1883;  studied  law  and  was  graduated  from  the 
Union  college  of  law,  Chicago,  111.,  in  1885 ;  was 
admitted  to  the  bar  and  practiced  in  Carrollton, 
111. ;  master  in  chancery  for  Greene  county,  111., 
for  six  years  and  resigned ;  elected  as  a  Demo- 
crat to  the  Fifty-eighth,  Fifty-ninth,  Sixtieth, 
and  Sixty-first  Congresses  (March  4,  1903- 
March  3,  1911).  Reelected  to  the  Sixty-second 
Congress. 

Rainey,  Joseph  H.,  a  Representative  from 
South  Carolina ;  born  in  Georgetown,  S.  C.,  June 
21,  1832;  received  a  limited  schooling;  delegate 
to  the  state  constitutional  convention  in  1868; 
member  of  the  state  senate  in  1870,  but  resigned, 
having  been  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the 
Forty-first  Congress  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by 
the  action  of  the  House  of  Representatives  in 
refusing  to  accept  the  credentials  of  B.  Franklin 
Whittemore;  and  reelected  to  the  Forty-second, 
Forty-third,  Forty-fourth,  and  Forty-fifth  Con- 
gresses; served  from  December  12,  1870,  to 
March  3,  1879;  died  in  Georgetown,  S.  C.,  Au- 
gust I,  1887. 


942 


CONGRESSIONAL   DIRECTORY. 


Ramsay,  David,  :\  Delegate  from  South  Caro- 
lina ;  born  in  Dunmore,  Lancaster  county,  Pa., 
April  2,  1749;  was  graduated  from  the  College 
of  New  Jersey  in  1765 ;  studied  medicine  and 
was  graduated  from  the  medical  department  of 
the  University  of  Pennsylvania  in  1773,  and 
began  practice  in  Cecil  county,  Md. ;  located  in 
Charleston,  S.  C.,  in  1773;  member  of  the  state 
house  of  commons  1776-1783 ;  served  in  the 
Revolutionary  Army  as  surgeon ;  captured  at 
the  fall  of  Charleston  in  May,  1780,  and  im- 
prisoned at  St.  Augustine,  Fla.,  for  eleven 
months;  Delegate  from  South  Carolina  to  the 
Continental  Congress  1782-1786;  president  pro 
tempore  during  the  last  term ;  served  several 
years  in  the  state  senate,  and  its  president  for 
seven  years;  was  assassinated  by  a  maniac  in 
Charleston,  S.  C.,  May  8,  1815. 

Ramsay,  Nathaniel,  a  Delegate  from  Mary- 
land; born  in  I/ancaster  county,  Pa.,  May  1, 
1741 ;  was  graduated  from  the  College  of  New 
Jersey  ( Princeton )  in  1767 ;  signer  of  the  decla- 
ration of  freemen  of  Maryland;  delegate  in  the 
Maryland  convention  of  1775 ;  appointed  captain 
in  Smallwood's  Maryland  regiment  January  14, 
1776 ;  joined  the  Continental  army  in  July,  1776, 
and  was  promoted  lieutenant  colonel  of  the 
Third  Regiment,  Maryland  line,  December  10, 
1776;  was  with  the  army  at  Valley  Forge  dur- 
ing winter  of  1777-3778;  was  taken  prisoner 
while  following  Gen.  Charles  Lee  in  his  retreat 
from  Monmouth,  June  28,  1778,  and  while  in 
command  of  a  regiment;  he  obtained  an  ex- 
change December  14,  1780;  was  promoted  lieu- 
tenant colonel  June  1,  1779,  and  retired  January 
1,  1781 ;  practiced  law  in  Cecil  county,  Md., 
1781-1783;  in  Baltimore,  1783-1790;  Delegate  in 
the  Continental  Congress,  1775,  and  1785-1787; 
appointed  United  States  marshal  for  Maryland 
by  President  Washington  and  served  1790-1798; 
naval  officer,  port  of  Baltimore,  1794-1817 ;  died 
in  Baltimore,  Md.,  October  23,  1817. 

Ramsey,  Alexander,  a  Representative  from 
Pennsylvania  and  a  Senator  from  Minnesota ; 
born  near  Harrisburg,  Pa.,  September  8,  1815; 
attended  Lafayette  college;  studied  law  and 
was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1839,  and  began 
practice  in  Harrisburg;  secretary  to  the  presi- 
dential electors  in  1840 ;  clerk  of  the  state  house 
of  representatives  in  1841 ;  elected  as  a  Whig 
to  the  Twenty-eighth  and  Twenty-ninth  Con- 
gresses (March  4,  1843-March  3,  1847)  ;  ter- 
ritorial governor  of  Minnesota  1849-1853 ;  mayor 
of  St.  Paul  in  1855 ;  governor  of  Minnesota 
1860-1863;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  United 
States  Senate  and  served  from  March  4,  1863,  to 
March  3,  1875;  Secretary  of  War  1879-1881; 
for  four  years  chairman  of  Utah  commission 
appointed  in  1882 ;  resigned  in  1886 ;  president 
of  Minnesota  historical  society;  delegate  to 
centennial  of  Federal  constitution  convention  in 
1887 ;  died  in  St.  Paul,  Minn.,  April  22,  1903. 

Ramsey,  Robert,  a  Representative  from  Penn- 
sylvania ;  born  in  Warminster,  Bucks  county, 
Pa.,  February  15,  1780;  attended  the  public 
schools  of  Hartsville;  elected  as  a  Whig  to  the 
Twenty-third  Congress  (March  4.  1833-March 
3,  1835)  ;  and  reelected  to  the  Twenty-seventh 
Congress  (March  4.  1841 -March  3,  1843)  ;  died 
in  Warwick,  Bucks  county,  Pa.,  December  12, 
1849. 


Ramsey,  William,  a  Representative  from 
Pennsylvania ;  born  in  Sterretts  (lap,  Pa.,  Sep- 
tember 7,  1779;  attended  public  schools;  studied 
law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  began  prac- 
tice in  Carlisle,  Pa. ;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to 
the  Twentieth  and  Twenty-first  Congresses 
(March  4,  1827-March  3,  1831)  ;  died  in  Car- 
lisle, Pa.,  September  5,  1831. 

Ramsey,  William  Sterrett,  a  Representa- 
tive from  Pennsylvania ;  born  in  Carlisle,  Pa., 
June  12,  1810;  pursued  classical  studies;  at- 
tache to  the  American  legation  in  London ; 
elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Twenty-sixth  Con- 
gress, and  served  from  March  4,  1839,  until  his 
death  in  Baltimore,  Md.,  October  17,  1840. 

Randall,  Alexander,  a  Representative  from 
Maryland;  native  of  that  state;  elected  as  a 
Whig  to  the  Twenty-seventh  Congress  (March 
4,  1841-March  3,  1843). 

Randall,  Benjamin,  a  Representative  from 
Maine;  born  in  Massachusetts  in  1789;  was 
graduated  from  Bowdoin  college  in  1809 ;  stud- 
ied law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  began 
practice  in  Bath,  Me.  (then  Massachusetts)  in 
1814 ;  member  of  the  state  senate  in  1833 ; 
elected  as  a  Whig  to  the  Twenty-sixth  and 
Twenty-seventh  Congresses  (March  4,  1839- 
March  3,  1843)  ;  appointed  collector  of  cus- 
toms for  the  port  of  Bath,  and  served  until 
his  death  in  Bath,  Me.,  October  14,  1857. 

Randall,  Charles  Sturtevant,  a  Representa- 
tive from  Massachusetts;  born  in  New  Bedford, 
Mass.,  February  20,  1824;  attended  a  private 
school,  the  Friends  academy,  New  Bedford,  and 
in  France;  retired  from  mercantile  business  in 
1872 ;  state  senator  1883-1884 ;  elected  as  a  Re- 
publican to  the  Fifty-first,  Fifty-second,  and 
Fifty-third  Congresses  (March  4,  1889-March  3, 
1895)  ;  died  in  New  Bedford,  Mass.,  August  17, 
1904. 

Randall,  Samuel  Jackson,  a  Representative 
from  Pennsylvania ;  born  in  Philadelphia  Oc- 
tober 10.  1828;  attended  the  University  acad- 
emy in  Philadelphia ;  engaged  in  business ; 
member  of  the  city  council  of  Philadelphia  four 
years;  member  of  the  state  senate  1858-1859; 
member  of  the  first  troop  of  Philadelphia  in 
1861  and  served  in  the  Union  Army  three 
months  of  that  year,  and  again  as  captain  in 
1863;  was  promoted  provost-marshal  at  Gettys- 
burg; elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Thirty- 
eighth,  Thirty-ninth,  Fortieth,  Forty-first, 
Forty-second,  Forty-third,  Forty-fourth,  Forty- 
fifth,  and  Forty-sixth  Congi'esses ;  elected 
Speaker  of  the  House  for  the  last  session  of  the 
Forty-fourth,  for  the  Forty-fifth,  and  Forty- 
sixth  Congresses ;  reelected  to  the  Forty-sev- 
enth, Forty-eighth,  Forty-ninth,  Fiftieth,  and 
Fifty-first  Congresses;  served  from  March  4, 
1863,  until  his  death  in  Washington,  D.  C., 
April  13,  1890. 

Randall,  William  Harrison,  a  Representa- 
tive from  Kentucky ;  born  in  Madison  county, 
Ky.,  July  15,  1812 ;  completed  preparatory 
studies;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar; 
in  1835  began  practicing  in  London,  Ky. ;  clerk 
of  the  circuit  and  county  courts  of  Laurel 
county  for  several  years;  elected  to  the  Thirty- 
eighth  and  Thirty-ninth  Congresses  (March  4, 


BIOGEAPHIES. 


943 


1863-March  3,  1867)  ;  district  judge  of  the  fif- 
teenth Kentucky  district  for  ten  years;  died  in 
London,  Ky.,  August  1,  1881. 

Eandell,  Choice  Boswell,  a  Representative 
from  Texas;  born  in  Georgia  January  1,  1857; 
studied  law,  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in 
1878;  moved  to  Texas  in  January,  1879;  elected 
as  a  Democrat  to  the  Fifty-seventh,  Fifty- 
eighth,  Fifty-ninth,  Sixtieth,  and  Sixty-first 
Congresses  (March  4,  1901-March  3,  1911). 
Reelected  to  the  Sixty^second  Congress. 

Randolph,  Edmund  Jennings,  a  Delegate 
from  Virginia ;  born  in  Williamsburg,  ATa., 
August  10,  1753;  was  graduated  from  William 
and  Mary  college,  studied  law,  was  admitted  to 
the  bar,  and  began  practice  in  Williamsburg; 
served  in  the  Revolutionary  Army,  and  was  aid- 
de-camp  to  General  Washington ;  attorney-gen- 
eral of  Virginia  in  1776 ;  Delegate  from  Virginia 
in  the  Continental  Congress  1779-1782;  gover- 
nor of  Virginia  1786-1788 ;  resigned  in  1788,  and 
took  a  seat  in  the  state  assembly,  that  he  might 
participate  in  the  codification  of  the  laws  of 
Virginia  ;  member  of  the  convention  that  framed 
the  Federal  Constitution;  appointed  Attorney- 
General  of  the  United  States  September  26, 1789 ; 
transferred  to  the  State  Department  as  Secre- 
tary of  State,  January  2,  1794;  was  invited  to 
resign  in  August,  1795,  owing  to  false  charges 
preferred  by  Minister  Fanchet  of  France;  died 
in  Clarke  county,  Va.,  September  13,  1813. 

Randolph,  James  Fitz,  a  Representative  from 
New  Jersey,  born  in  Middlesex  county,  N.  J., 
June  26,  1791 ;  received  a  limited  schooling : 
printer;  edited  the  New  Brunswick  Fredonian. 
1812-1842;  United  States  collector  of  internal 
revenue,  1815-1846;  clerk  of  the  court  of  com- 
mon pleas  and  member  of  the  state  house  of 
representatives;  elected  to  the  Twentieth  Con- 
gress to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  the  death  of 
George  Holcomb,  and  was  reelected  to  the 
Twenty-first  and  Twenty-second  Congresses  and 
served  from  December  1.  1828,  to  March  3,  1833 ; 
president  of  a  bank  in  New  Brunswick ;  died  in 
Easton,  Pa.,  January  25,  1872. 

Randolph,  James  H.,  a  Representative  from 
Tennessee;  born  in  Jefferson  county,  Tenn.,  Oc- 
tober 19,  1825;  pursued  classical  studies;  studied 
law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  began  prac- 
tice in  1850;  member  of  the  state  legislature 
1857-1858  and  1860-1861 ;  state  senator  in  1865  ; 
elected  judge  of  the  second  judicial  circuit  of 
Tennessee  in  1869 ;  reelected  after  the  constitu- 
tional convention  in  1870;  elected  as  a  Republi- 
can to  the  Forty-fifth  Congress  (March  4,  1877- 
March  3,  1879). 

Randolph,  John,  a  Representative  and  a  Sena- 
tor from  Virginia ;  born  in  Cawsons,  Chester- 
field county,  Va.,  June  2,  1773 ;  attended  Walker 
Murray's  school  in  Orange  county,  Va..  the 
grammar  school  of  the  college  of  William  and 
Mary,  the  College  of  New  Jersey,  1787-1788, 
and  Columbia  college  1788-1789 ;  studied  law 
and  was  admitted  to  the  bar;  a  Representative 
in  the  Sixth-Twelfth  Congresses  (March  4,1799- 
March  3,  1813)  as  a  States-rights  Democrat; 
defeated  as  the  anti-Mason  candidate  for  the 
Thirteenth  Congress;  elected  to  the  Fourteenth 
Congress  (March  4,  1815-March  3,  1817)  ;  de- 
.  feated  for  reelection  to  the  Fifteenth  Congress ; 


elected  to  the  Sixteenth,  Seventeenth,  and  Eight- 
eenth Congresses  (March  4,  1819-March  3, 
1825)  ;  appointed  a  United  States  Senator,  to 
fill  vacancy  caused  by  the  resignation  of  James 
Barbour.  and  served  from  December  9,  1825,  to 
March  3,  1827;  participated  in  a  harmless 
duel  with  Henry  Clay  April  8,  1826;  defeated 
for  reelection  in  1827 ;  elected  a  Representative 
to  the  Twentieth  Congress  (March  4,  1827- 
March  3,  1829)  ;  member  of  the  Virginia  con- 
stitutional convention  of  1829 ;  minister  to  Russia 
May  26,  1830,  to  September  19,  1830,  when  he 
resigned ;  died  in  Philadelphia,  June  24,  1833. 

Randolph,  Joseph  Fitz,  a  Representative 
from  New  Jersey ;  born  in  Monmouth  county. 
N.  J.,  in  1803;  received  a  limited  schooling; 
studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  began 
practice  in  1825  in  Freehold ;  prosecuting  attor- 
ney for  Monmouth  county ;  elected  as  a  Whig  to 
the  Twenty-fifth,  Twenty-sixth,  and  Twenty- 
seventh  Congresses  (March  4,  1837-March  2, 
1843)  ;  member  of  the  state  constitutional  con- 
vention of  1844 ;  judge  of  the  state  supreme  court 
1845-1852;  moved  to  Trenton  in  1852,  and 
shortly  afterward  to  Jersey  City,  where  he  died 
March  20,  1873. 

Randolph,  Peyton,  a  Delegate  from  Virginia ; 
born  in  Tazewall  Hall,  Williamsburg,  Va.,  in 
1721 ;  was  graduated  from  William  and  Mary 
college;  studied  law  at  the  Inner  Temple,  Lon- 
don, England,  and  was  appointed  king's  at- 
torney for  Virginia  in  1748;  served  many  years 
in  the  Virginia  house  of  burgesses,  and  was  its 
speaker  several  years;  president  of  the  Virginia 
conventions  of  1774-1775;  delegate  in  the  Con- 
tinental Congress  in  Philadelphia,  Pa.,  Septem- 
ber 5,  1774,  and  elected  its  president,  but  re- 
signed October  22,  1774,  to  attend  the  state  legis- 
lature; reappointed  to  the  Second  Congress, 
which  met  in  Philadelphia  in  1775,  and  again 
forced  to  resign  on  account  of  ill  health;  died 
in  Philadelphia,  Pa.,  October  17  1785;  remains 
rest  beneath  the  chapel  of  the  college  of  William 
and  Mary. 

Randolph,  Theodore  Frelinghuysen,  a  Sena- 
tor from  New  Jersey ;  born  in  New  Brunswick, 
N.  J.,  June  24,  1816 ;  attended  Rutgers  grammar 
school ;  merchant ;  moved  to  Vicksburg,  Miss.,  and 
engaged  in  business  in  1840,  but  returned  to  New 
Jersey  and  located  in  Jersey  City  in  1852 ;  became 
interested  in  mining  and  the  transportation  of 
ores,  and  was  president  of  the  Morris  and  Essex 
railroad ;  elected  to  the  house  of  assembly  of 
the  state  legislature  in  1859 ;  to  the  state  senate 
in  1862  and  1863;  governor  of  New  Jersey,  1869- 
1872 ;  elected  to  the  United  States  Senate  as  a 
Democrat,  and  served  from  March  4,  1875,  to 
March  3,  1881;  died  in  Morristown,  N.  J.,  No- 
vember 7,  1883. 

Randolph,  Thomas  Mann,  a  Representative 
from  Virginia ;  born  in  Goochland  county,  Va., 
October  1,  1768 ;  attended  the  university  of  Edin- 
burgh, Scotland,  1785-1788 ;  colonel  of  the  twen- 
tieth infantry,  1813-1814;  elected  as  a  Democrat 
to  the  Eighth  and  Ninth  Congresses  (March  4, 
1803-March  3,  1807)  ;  governor  of  Virginia  1819- 
1822;  died  in  Monticello,  the  home  of  Thomas 
Jefferson,  his  father-in-law,  June  20,  1828. 

Raney,  John  Henry,  a  Representative  from 
Missouri ;  born  in  Gravelton,  Wayne  county,  Mo., 
September  28,  1849;  attended  common  schools; 


944 


CONGRESSIONAL   DIEECTOEY. 


read  law  in  Greenville,  Mo. ;  admitted  to  practice 
in  1881;  elected  judge  of  the  county  court  of 
Wayne  county  and  served  one  term ;  elected  and 
served  three  full  terms  as  prosecuting  attorney 
of  Wayne  county ;  Republican  nominee  for  Repre- 
sentative in  1888,  but  defeated;  delegate  to  the 
Republican  national  convention  in  Minneapolis 
in  1892 ;  one  of  the  board  of  regents  of  the  state 
normal  school  located  in  Cape  Girardeau.  Mo., 
1893-1895;  elected  to  the  Fifty-fourth  Congress 
(March  4,  1895-March  3,  1897)  ;  resumed  the 
practice  of  law  in  Piedmont,  Mo. 

Rankin,  Christopher,  a  Representative  from 
Mississippi;  native  of  Washington  county,  Pa.; 
completed  preparatory  studies ;  moved  to  Natchez, 
Miss. ;  held  several  local  offices ;  elected  to  the 
Sixteenth,  Seventeenth.  Eighteenth,  and  Nine- 
teenth Congresses  (March  4,  1819-March  3, 
1827)  ;  died  in  Washington,  D.  C.,  March  14, 
1826. 

Rankin,  Joseph,  a  Representative  from  Wis- 
consin;  born  in  Passaic,  N.  J..  September  25, 
1833 ;  pursued  an  academic  course ;  served  in 
the  Union  army  three  years ;  in  the  Wisconsin 
legislature  eleven  years;  elected  as  a  Democrat 
to  the  Forty-eighth  and  Forty-ninth  Congresses 
(March  4,  1883-March  3,  1887)  ;  died  in  Wash- 
ington, D.  C.,  January  24,  1886. 

Ranney,  Ambrose  Arnold,  a  Representative 
from  Massachusetts;  born  in  Townshend,  Vt., 
April  17,  1821 ;  was  graduated  from  Dartmouth 
college  in  1844 ;  studied  law  in  Woodstock,  Vt., 
was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1848,  and  began  prac- 
tice in  Boston,  Mass.,  in  1848 ;  corporation  coun- 
sel 1855-1857;  member  of  the  state  house  of 
representatives  in  1857,  1863,  and  1864;  elected 
as  a  Republican  to  the  Forty-seventh,  Forty- 
eighth,  and  Forty-ninth  Congresses  (March  4, 
1881-March  3,  1887)  ;  resumed  the  practice  of 
law;  died  in  Boston,  Mass.,  March  5,  1899. 

Ransdell,  Joseph  Eugene,  a  Representative 
from  Louisiana ;  born  in  Alexandria,  La.,  Oc- 
tober 7,  1858 ;  attended  the  public  schols  of  Alex- 
andria, was  graduated  from  Union  college,  Sche- 
nectady,  N.  Y.,  June,  1882 ;  studied  law  and  was 
admitted  to  the  bar  June,  1883,  and  began  prac- 
tice in  Lake  Providence,  La.,  where  he  also  en- 
gaged in  the  growing  of  cotton ;  district  attorney 
of  the  eighth  judicial  district  of  Louisiana,  1884- 
1896;  member  of  the  levee  board  of  the  fifth 
Louisiana  levee  district  from  May,  1896,  until 
after  his  election  to  Congress  August  29,  1899 ; 
member  of  the  state  constitutional  convention 
of  1898,  which  framed  a  new  constitution  for 
the  state;  took  an  active  interest  in  levee  build- 
ing on  the  Mississippi  river  for  many  years; 
elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Fifty-sixth  Con- 
gress to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  the  death  of 
Samuel  T.  Baird ;  reelected  to  the  Fifty-seventh, 
Fifty-eighth,  Fifty-ninth,  Sixtieth,  and  Sixty- 
first  Congresses,  and  served  from  December  4. 
1899,  to  March  3,  1911.  Reelected  to  the  Sixty- 
second  Congress. 

Ransier,  Alonzo  J.,  a  Representative  from 
South  Carolina ;  born  in  Charleston,  S.  C.,  Jan- 
uary 3,  1836;  received  a  limited  schooling;  held 
various  local  offices;  member  of  the  state  con- 
stitutional convention  of  1868 ;  member  of  the 
state  house  of  representatives  in  1869 ;  presi- 
dential elector  on  the  Grant  and  Colfax  ticket 


in  1868 ;  elected  lieutenant-governor  in  1870 ; 
delegate  to  the  national  Republican  convention 
in  1872;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Forty- 
third  Congress  (March  4,  1871-March  3,  1873)  ; 
died  in  Charleston,  S.  C.,  August  17,  1882. 

Hansom,  Matt  Whitaker,  a  Senator  from 
North  Carolina ;  born  in  Warren  county,  N.  C., 
October  8,  1826;  was  graduated  from  the  Uni- 
versity of  North  Carolina  in  1847 ;  studied  law 
and  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  first  practiced 
in  Warrenton,  N.  C. ;  Whig  presidential  elector 
in  1852  and  attorney  general  of  North  Carolina 
the  same  year ;  resigned  in  1855 ;  member  of  the 
state  legislature  1858-1860;  peace  commissioner 
to  the  provisional  congress  in  Montgomery,  Ala., 
in  1861 ;  entered  the  Confederate  army  and 
served  as  private,  lieutenant  colonel,  colonel, 
brigadier  general,  and  major  general ;  at  the 
close  of  the  war  took  up  his  residence  in  Weldon, 
N.  C.,  in  1866;  elected  to  the  United  States 
Senate  as  a  Democrat  in  January,  1872,  and  took 
his  seat  April  24,  1872;  reelected  in  1876,  1883, 
and  1889;  served  from  January  30,  1872,  to 
March  3,  1895 ;  United  States  Minister  to  Mexico, 
1895-1897;  died  near  Garrysbury,  N.  C.,  Octo- 
ber 8,  1904. 

Rantoul,  Robert,  jr.,  a  Senator  and  Repre- 
sentative from  Massachusetts;  born  in  Beverly, 
Mass.,  August  13.  1805 ;  was  graduated  from 
Harvard  college  in  1826;  studied  law,  was  ad- 
mitted to  the  bar,  and  practiced  in  Salem  and 
South  Reading,  moved  to  Gloucester  in  1832 ; 
member  of  the  state  house  of  representatives 
1834-1838;  moved  to  Boston  in  1839;  United 
States  district  attorney  for  Massachusetts  1845- 
1849,  when  he  resigned ;  elected  to  the  United 
States  Senate  as  a  Democrat  to  fill  vacancy 
caused  by  the  resignation  of  Daniel  Webster, 
and  served  from.  February  1,  1851,  to  March  3, 
1851 ;  elected  as  a  Democi'at  to  the  Thirty-second 
Congress  and  served  from  March  4,  1851,  until 
his  death  in  Washington,  D.  C.,  August  7,  1S52 ; 
interment  in  Beverly,  Mass. 

Rapier,  James  T.,  a  Representative  from 
Alabama ;  born  in  Florence,  Ala.,  in  1840 ;  com- 
pleted preparatory  studies ;  studied  law,  was  ad- 
mitted to  the  bar,  and  practiced;  held  various 
local  offices;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the 
Forty-third  Congress  (March  4,  1873 -March  3, 
1875)  ;  defeated  for  the  Forty-fourth  Congress. 

Rariden,  James,  a  Representative  from  In- 
diana ;  native  of  Kentucky ;  received  a  limited 
schooling ;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar, 
and  began  practice  in  Centerville,  Ind. ;  served 
in  both  branches  of  the  state  legislature ;  dele- 
gate to  the  state  constitutional  convention ; 
elected  as  a  Whig  to  the  Twenty-fifth  and 
Twenty-sixtL  Congresses  ( March  4,  1837-March 
3,  1841)  ;  died  in  Cambridge  City,  Ind. 

Rathbun,  George,  a  Representative  from  New 
York ;  native  of  Auburn,  N.  Y. ;  received  a  lim- 
ited schooling ;  held  various  local  offices ;  elected 
as  a  Democrat  to  the  Twenty-eighth  and  Twenty- 
ninth  Congresses  (March  4,  1843-March  3, 
1847). 

Rauch,  George  W.,  a  Representative  from  In- 
diana ;  born  near  Warren,  Huntington  county, 
Ind.,  February  22,  1876 ;  attended  the  common 
schools,  Valparaiso  academy,  and  the  Northern 
Indiana  law  school ;  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1902, 


BIOGRAPHIES. 


945 


and  began  practice  in  Marion,  Ind. ;  elected  to 
the  Sixtieth  and  Sixty-first  Congresses  (March 
4.  1907-March  3,  1911).  Rcclected  to  the  Sixty- 
second  Congress. 

Bawlins,  Joseph.  Lafayette,  a  Delegate  and  a 
Senator  from  Utah ;  born  in  Salt  Lake  county, 
Utah,  March  28, 1S50 ;  pursued  a  classical  course 
in  the  university  of  Indiana ;  professor  in  the 
university  of  Deseret,  in  Salt  Lake  City,  Utah, 
for  two  years,  until  1875;  admitted  to  the  bar 
in  that  year  and  practiced ;  elected  as  a  Demo- 
crat a  Delegate  to  the  Fifty-third  Congress 
(March  4,  1893-March  3,  1895)  ;  defeated  for 
the  Fifty-fourth  Congress ;  elected  to  the  United 
States  Senate  and  served  from  March  4,  1897,  to 
March  3,  1903. 

Baum,  Green  Berry,  a  Representative  from 
Illinois;  born  in  Golconda,  111.,  December  3, 
1829 ;  attended  the  common  schools ;  studied 
law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1853,  and  prac- 
ticed in  Golconda,  1853-1856 ;  moved  to  Kansas 
and  practiced  there,  1856-1857 ;  returned  and 
located  in  Harrisburg,  111. ;  entered  the  Union 
army  as  major  of  the  fifty-sixth  Illinois  volun- 
teers, and  attained  the  rank  of  brigadier-general ; 
resigned  his  commission  May  6,  1865,  and  en- 
gaged in  railroad  building;  elected  as  a  Republi- 
can to  the  Fortieth  Congress  (March  4,  1867— 
March  13,  1869)  ;  defeated  for  reelection;  United 
States  Commissioner  of  Internal  Revenue,  1876- 
1883 ;  Commissioner  of  Pensions,  1889-1893 ;  en- 
gaged in  the  practice  of  law  in  Chicago,  111.,  until 
his  death,  December  17,  1909. 

Bawls,  Morgan,  a  Representative  from 
Georgia ;  born  in  Bullock  county,  Ga.,  June  29, 
1829 ;  attended  the  public  schools,  and  pursued 
an  academic  course;  engaged  in  agricultural 
pursuits;  unsuccessful  candidate  for  delegate  to 
the  Union  convention  of  1860 ;  enlisted  in  the 
Confederate  army  in  1861  as  a  captain  of  in- 
fantry ;  elected  colonel  of  the  fifty-fourth 
Georgia  volunteer  infantry  in  1862 ;  wounded 
July  22,  1864,  in  the  battles  around  Atlanta,  Ga. ; 
member  of  the  state  house  of  representatives 
1863-1864,  1868-1869,  and  1870-1871 ;  member  of 
the  reconstruction  state  convention  of  1865 ;  pre- 
sented credentials  as  a  Democratic  Member-elect 
to  the  Forty-third  Congress,  and  served  from 
March  4,  1873,  to  March  24,  1874,  when  he  was 
succeeded  by  Andrew  Sloan  who  contested  his 
election. 

Bay,  George  Washington,  a  Representative 
from  New  York ;  born  in  Otselic,  Chenango 
county,  N.  Y.,  February  3,  1844 ;  attended  the 
common  schools  and  Norwich  academy ;  private 
in  company  B,  ninetieth  New  York  volunteers, 
and  brigade  clerk,  first  brigade,  first  division, 
nineteenth  army  corps ;  discharged  at  the  close 
of  the  war;  studied  law  and  was  admitted  to 
practice  in  November,  1867;  chairman  of  the 
Republican  county  committee  of  Chenango 
county ;  member  of  the  Republican  state  com- 
mittee in  1880 ;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the 
Forty-eighth  Congress  (March  4,  1883-March  3, 
1885,)  ;  member  of  the  board  of  education  of 
Norwich  academy  and  Union  free  school ;  re- 
elected  to  the  Fifty-second,  Fifty-third,  Fifty- 
fourth,  Fifty-fifth,  Fifty-sixth,  and  Fifty-seventh 
Congresses,  and  served  from  March  4,  1891,  to 
September  11,  1902,  when  he  resigned  to  accept 
the  United  States  judgeship  for  the  northern 
district  of  New  York. 

50340°— S.  Doc.  654.  61-2 60 


Bay,  Joseph  Warren,  a  Representative  from 
Pennsylvania ;  born  in  Morris  township,  Greene 
county,  Pa.,  May  25,  1849:  attended  the  common 
schools  and  was  graduated  from  Waynesburg 
college  in  1874 ;  studied  law  and  was  admitted 
to  practice  in  the  courts  of  Greene  county  in 
1876;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Fifty-first 
Congress  (March  4,  1889-March  3,  1891). 

Bay,  Ossian,  a  Representative  from  New 
Hampshire;  born  in  Hinesburg,  Vt,,  December 
13,  1835;  went  to  Irasburg,  Vt.,  in  early  child- 
hood ;  attended  the  common  school  and  an  acad- 
emy in  Derby,  Vt. ;  studied  law  five  years  in 
Irasburg  and  in  Lancaster,  N.  H.,  to  which  place 
he  moved  in  1854 ;  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1857, 
and  practiced  in  Essex  and  Coos  counties ;  mem- 
ber of  the  state  legislature  1868-1869;  solicitor 
for  Coos  county  1862-1872;  delegate  in  the  Re- 
publican national  convention  in  Philadelphia  in 
June,  1872 ;  United  States  attorney  for  the  dis- 
trict of  New  Hampshire  from  February  22,  1879, 
to  December  23,  1880,  when  he  resigned ;  elected 
to  the  Forty-sixth  Congress  as  a  Republican  to 
fill  vacancy  caused  by  the  death  of  Evarts  W. 
Farr,  and  reelected  to  the  Forty-seventh  and 
Forty-eighth  Congresses,  and  served  from  Janu- 
ary 8,  1881,  to  March  3,  1885 ;  died  in  Lancaster, 
N.  H.,  January  28,  1892. 

Bay,  William  H.,  a  Representative  from 
Illinois;  born  in  Dutchess  county,  N.  Y.,  De- 
cember 14,  1812 ;  moved  to  Oneida  county,  N.  Y., 
in  1813;  attended  the  common  schools;  moved 
to  Illinois  in  1834;  engaged  in  the  banking 
business  in  1865;  elected  as  a  Republican  to 
the  Forty-third  Congress  (March  4,  1873-March 
3,  1875). 

Baymond,  Henry  Jarvis,  a  Representative 
from  New  York ;  born  in  Lima,  N.  Y.,  January 
24,  1820;  was  graduated  from  the  University 
of  Vermont  in  1840;  moved  to  New  York  City 
and  studied  law ;  interested  in  newspaper  work ; 
member  of  the  state  assembly  in  1850;  estab- 
lished the  New  York  Times  in  1851 ;  delegate  in 
the  Whig  national  convention  of  1852;  lieuten- 
ant governor  of  New  York  in  1856;  delegate 
to  the  national  Republican  convention  in  1860 ; 
elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Thirty-ninth 
Congress  (March  4,  1865-March  3,  1867);  died 
in  New  York  City,  June  18,  1869. 

Baymond,  John  Baldwin,  a  Delegate  from 
Dakota  territory ;  born  in  Lockport,  Niagara 
county,  N.  Y.,  December  5,  1844 ;  moved  to 
Tazewell  county,  111.,  in  1853;  enlisted  as  a 
private  in  the  thirty-first  Illinois  infantry  in 
1861 ;  promoted  to  captain  of  company  E  of 
that  regiment  after  the  siege  of  Vicksburg  in 
1863 ;  served  through  the  war  and  remained 
in  Mississippi ;  published  the  Mississippi  Pilot 
at  Jackson,  Miss.,  during  the  reconstruction  of 
that  state  and  until  1877;  appointed  United 
States  marshal  of  Dakota  territory ;  declined 
a  reappointment ;  elected  as  a  Republican  Dele- 
gate to  the  Forty-eighth  Congress  (March  4, 
1883-March  3,  3885)  ;  died  in  Fargo,  N.  Dak., 
January  3,  1886. 

Bayner,  Isidor,  a  Senator  from  Maryland; 
born  in  Baltimore,  Md.,  April  11,  1850;  at- 
tended the  University  of  Maryland  and  was 
graduated  from  the  University  of  Virginia ;  in 
the  University  of  Virginia  he  took  the  academic 
and  law  courses,  and  upon  his  return  to  Balti- 


946 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 


more  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1871 ;  in  1878 
elected  to  the  state  legislature  for  two  years, 
and  was  chairman  of  the  Baltimore  delega- 
tion ;  in  1885  elected  to  the  state  senate  for  four 
years,  but  resigned  and  became  the  Democratic 
candidate  for  Congress,  and  in  1886  was  elected 
to  the  Fiftieth  Congress  (March  4,  1887-March 
3,  1889),  and  to  the  Fifty-second  and  Fifty- 
third  Congresses  (March  4,  1891-March  3, 
1895)  ;  attorney-general  of  Maryland  1899-1903; 
elected  to  the  United  States  Senate  for  the 
term  beginning  March  4,  1905 ;  reelected  in 
1911  for  the  term  ending  March  3,  1917. 

Bayner,  Kenneth,  a  Representative  from 
North  Carolina ;  born  in  Bertie  county,  N.  C., 
in  1808;  attended  Tarborough  academy;  ad- 
mitted to  the  bar  in  1829 ;  moved  to  Hereford 
county ;  member  of  the  state  constitutional  con- 
vention of  1835 ;  member  of  the  state  house  of 
representatives  seven  years;  elected  as  a  Whig 
to  the  Twenty-sixth,  Twenty-seventh,  and 
Twenty-eighth  Congresses  (March  4,  1839- 
March  3,  1845)  ;  presidential  elector  on  the 
Taylor  and  Fillmore  ticket  in  1848 ;  appointed 
solicitor  of  the  Treasury  in  1877,  and  served 
until  1884 ;  died  in  Washington,  D.  C.,  March  4, 
1884. 

Bea,  David,  a  Representative  from  Missouri; 
born  in  Ripley  county,  Ind.,  January  19,  1831 ; 
completed  preparatory  studies ;  moved  to  Mis- 
souri in  1842 ;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the 
bar,  and  began  practice  in  Savannah,  Mo. ; 
elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Forty-fourth  and 
Forty-fifth  Congresses  (March  4,  1875-March  3, 
1879)  ;  died  in  Savannah,  Ga.,  June  13,  1901. 

Bea,  John,  a  Representative  from  Pennsyl- 
vania ;  born  in  Pennsylvania  in  1755 ;  completed 
preparatory  studies;  served  in  the  Revolution- 
ary army ;  several  years  a  member  of  the  state 
legislature ;  elected  to  the  Eighth,  Ninth,  Tenth, 
and  Eleventh  Congresses  (March  4.  1803-March 

3,  1811);   defeated  for  the  Twelfth   Congress; 
elected   to  the  Thirteenth  Congress    (March  4, 
1813-March   3,    1815)  ;    died   in   Chambersburg, 
Pa.,  February  6,  1829. 

Bead,  Almon  Heath,  a  Representative  from 
Pennsylvania ;  born  in  Shelburne,  Vt.,  June  12, 
1790 ;  was  graduated  from  Williams  college  in 
1811 ;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and 
began  practice  in  Montrose,  Pa. ;  served  in  both 
branches  of  the  state  legislature ;  state  treasurer 
in  1840;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Twenty- 
seventh  and  Twenty-eighth  Congresses  (March 

4,  1841 -March  3,  1845)  ;  died  in  Montrose,  Pa.. 
June  3,  1844. 

Bead,  George,  a  Delegate  and  a  Senator  from 
Delaware ;  born  in  Cecil  county,  Md.,  Septem- 
ber 18,  1733 ;  completed  preparatory  studies ; 
studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  in 
1752  began  practice  in  New  Castle,  Del. ;  attor- 
ney general  for  lower  Delaware  in  1763 ;  Dele- 
gate in  the  Continental  Congress  1774-1777;  a 
signer  of  the  Declaration  of  Independence ;  presi- 
dent of  the  state  constitutional  convention  in 
1776;  vice  president  of  the  state  under  this  con- 
stitution ;  delegate  from  Delaware  to  the  Federal 
constitutional  convention ;  member  of  the  state 
house  of  representatives  1779-1780;  judge  of 
the  United  States  court  of  appeals  in  admiralty 
cases  in  1782;  elected  to  the  United  States  Sen- 


ate and  served  from  March  4,  1789,  to  Decem- 
ber 2,  1793,  when  he  resigned ;  chief  justice  of 
Delaware ;  died  in  New  Castle,  Del.,  September 
21,  1798. 

Bead,  Jacob,  a  Delegate  and  a  Senator  from 
South  Carolina  ;  born  in  South  Carolina  in  1752 ; 
completed  preparatory  studies ;  studied  law  in 
England ;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  and  began 
practice  in  Charleston,  S.  C. ;  served  in  the 
Revolutionary  army  as  colonel ;  member  of  the 
state  house  of  representatives ;  Delegate  in  the 
Continental  Congress  1783-1786;  elected  as  a 
Federalist  to  the  United  States  Senate  and 
served  from  March  4,  1795,  to  March  3,  1801; 
judge  of  the  United  States  court  for  the  dis- 
trict of  South  Carolina  and  served  from  1801 
until  his  death  in  Charleston,  S.  C.,  July  17, 
1816. 

Bead,  James,  a  delegate  from  Pennsylvania ; 
born  in  Philadelphia,  Pa.,  August  11,  1718;  re- 
ceived an  academic  training,  studied  law,  was 
admitted  or  readmitted  to  the  bar  in  September, 
1781 ;  sat  in  the  Continental  Congress  1787-1788. 

Bead,  Nathan,  a  Representative  from  Massa- 
chusetts; born  in  Warren,  Mass.,  July  2,  1759; 
was  graduated  from  Harvard  college  in  1781 ; 
studied  medicine  and  was  an  inventor ;  elected 
as  a  Federalist  to  the  Sixth  Congress  to  fill 
vacancy  caused  by  the  resignation  of  Samuel 
Sewall  and  reelected  to  the  Seventh  Congress 
and  served  from  November  25,  1800,  to  March  3, 
1803 ;  moved  to  a  farm  near  Belfast,  Me. ;  judge 
of  the  court  of  common  pleas ;  died  near  Belfast, 
Me.,  January  20,  1849. 

Bead,  William  B.,  a  Representative  from 
Kentucky ;  born  in  Hardin  county,  Ky.,  Decem- 
ber 14,  1820;  completed  preparatory  studies; 
studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  in  1849 
began  practice  in  Hodgensville,  Ky. ;  served  sev- 
eral years  as  a  state  senator ;  defeated  as  the 
Democratic  candidate  for  lieutenant  governor  of 
Kentucky  in  1863 ;  delegate  to  the  Democratic 
national  conventions:  in  Charleston  and  Baltimore 
in  1860,  and  in  Chicago  in  1864 ;  member  of  the 
state  house  of  representatives  1867-1869  ;  elected 
as  a  Democrat  to  the  Forty-second  and  Forty- 
third  Cpngresses  (March  4,  1871-March  3, 1875). 

Beade,  Edwin  G.,  a  Representative  from 
North  Carolina ;  born  in  Orange  county,  N.  C., 
November  13,  1812;  completed  preparatory 
studies;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar, 
and  in  1836  began  practice  in  Roxboro,  N.  C. ; 
elected  as  an  American  to  the  Thirty-fourth 
Congress  (March  4,  1855-March  3,  1857)  ;  presi- 
dent of  the  reconstruction  convention  which  met 
in  Raleigh  in  1865;  associate  justice  of  the 
supreme  court  of  North  Carolina  1868-1874; 
died  in  Raleigh,  N.  C.,  1894. 

Beading,  John  B.,  a  Representative  from 
Pennsylvania ;  born  in  Philadelphia  county,  Pa., 
November  1,  1826;  completed  preparatory 
studies;  studied  medicine,  was  graduated  from 
the  Jefferson  medical  college  in  Philadelphia  in 
1847,  and  began  practice  in  Somerton,  Pa. ;  pre- 
sented credentials  as  a  Member-elect  and  as  a 
Democrat  to  the  Forty-first  Congress,  and  served 
from  March  4,  1869,  to  April  13,  1870,  when  he 
was  succeeded  by  Caleb  N.  Taylor,  who  con- 
tested his  election ;  defeated  as  the  Democratic 
candidate  for  the  Forty-second  Congress. 


BIOGRAPHIES. 


947 


Beady,  Charles,  a  Representative  from  Ten- 
nessee; born  in  Readville,  Tenn.,  December  22, 
1802;  was  graduated  from  Greenville  college, 
Tennessee ;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar, 
and  practiced ;  member  of  the  state  house  of 
representatives  in  1835 ;  elected  as  a  Whig  to  the 
Thirty-third,  Thirty-fourth,  and  Thirty-fifth  Con- 
gresses (March  4,  1853-March  3,  1859)  ;  de- 
feated for  reelection  to  the  Thirty-sixth  Con- 
gress ;  died  in  Murf  reesboro,  Tenn.,  June  4,  1878. 

Reagan,  John  Henninger,  a  Representative 
and  a  Senator  from  Texas ;  born  in  Sevier 
county,  Tenn.,  October  8,  1818;  attended  a  com- 
mon school  and  Southwestern  college,  Marys- 
vine,  Tenn.,  Nancy  academy  and  Boyds  Creek 
academy:  studied  law  and  was  admitted  to  the 
bar :  settled  in  the  Republic  of  Texas  in  May, 
1839 :  joined  the  army  and  participated  in  cam- 
paigns against  the  Cherokee  Indians ;  deputy 
surveyor  of  the  public  lands,  1839-1843;  elected 
to  the  state  house  of  representatives  for  two 
years  in  1847 ;  judge  of  the  district  court,  1852- 
1857 ;  resigned  and  reelected  for  six  years  in 
1856;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Thirty-fifth 
and  Thirty-sixth  Congresses  (March  4,  1857- 
March  3,  1861)  ;  elected  to  the  secession  con- 
vention of  Texas  in  1861 ;  deputy  to  the  pro- 
visional congress  of  the  Confederacy;  appointed 
postmaster-general  of  the  Confederacy  March  6, 
1861;  reappointed  in  1862  and  occupied  the  posi- 
tion until  the  close  of  the  war;  also  appointed 
acting  secretary  of  the  treasury  of  the  Confed- 
eracy for  a  short  time  preceding  the  close  of  the 
war;  member  of  the  state  constitutional  con- 
vention of  1875 ;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the 
Forty-fourth  and  to  the  five  succeeding  Con- 
gresses (March  4,  1875-March  3.  1887)  ;  elected 
to  the  United  States  Senate  and  served  from 
March  4,  1887,  to  June  10,  1891,  when  he  re 
signed ;  returned  to  Texas  and  appointed  a  mem- 
ber of  the  railroad  commission  of  the  state  and 
served  1897-1903 ;  died  in  Palestine.  Tex.,  March 
6,  1905. 

Reding,  John  Randall,  a  Representative  from 
New  Hampshire ;  born  in  Portsmouth,  N.  H.. 
October  18,  1805 ;  completed  preparatory  studies ; 
studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  prae- 
tk?ed  in  Haverhill,  N.  H. ;  elected  as  a  Democrat 
to  the  Twenty-seventh  and  Twenty-eighth  Con- 
gresses (March  4,  1841-March  3,  1845)  ;  naval 
storekeeper  at  Portsmouth  1853-1858 ;  mayor  of 
Portsmouth ;  served  in  the  state  house  of  repre- 
sentatives; died  in  Portsmouth,  N.  H.,  October 
8,  1892. 

Reed,  Charles  M.,  a  Representative  from 
Pennsylvania  ;  native  of  that  state ;  attended  the 
public  schools;  engaged  in  steamboating  on  the 
great  lakes;  elected  as  a  Whig  to  the  Twenty- 
eighth  Congress  (March  4,  1843-March  3,  1845)  ; 
died  in  Erie,  Pa.,  December  16,  1871. 

Reed,  Edward  C.,  a  Representative  from 
New  York ;  born  in  Fitzwilliam,  N.  H.,  March 
8,  1793 ;  was  graduated  from  Dartmouth  col- 
lege in  1812;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to 
the  bar,  and  began  practice  in  Homer,  N.  Y.,  in 
1814 ;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Twenty- 
second  Congress  (March  4,  1831-March  3,  1833). 

Reed,  Isaac,  a  Representative  from  Maine : 
bom  in  Waldoboro,  Me.,  in  1810;  received  a 
limited  schooling  and  became  a  merchant;  six 


years  a  member  of  the  state  house  of  repre- 
sentatives; defeated  for  the  Thirty-second  Con- 
gress; elected  as  a  Whig  to  the  Thirty-second 
Congress  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  the  death 
of  Charles  Andrews,  and  served  from  June  25, 
1852.  to  March  3,  1853;  elected  state  treasurer 
in  1856;  died  in  Waldoboro,  Me. 

Reed,  John,  a  Representative  from  Massa- 
chusetts; born  in  West  Bridgewater,  Mass., 
September  2,  1781;  was  graduated  from  Brown 
university  in  1803;  tutor  in  that  institution 
for  two  years,  and  principal  of  the  Bridgewater, 
Mass.,  academy  1806-1807;  studied  law,  was 
admitted  to  the  bar,  and  began  practice  in 
Yarmouth,  Mass. ;  elected  as  a  Federalist  to 
the  Thirteenth  and  Fourteenth  Congresses 
(March  4,  1813-March  3,  1817)  ;  and  reelected 
to  the  Seventeenth  and  to  the  nine  succeeding 
Congresses  (March  4,  1821-March  3,  1841)  ; 
lieutenant  governor  of  Massachusetts  1845- 
1851 ;  died  in  West  Bridgewater,  Mass.,  No- 
vember 25,  1860. 

Reed,  John,  a  Representative  from  Massa- 
chusetts; born  in  Framingham,  Mass.,  Novem- 
ber 11,  1751 ;  was  graduated  from  Yale  in  1772 ; 
practiced  law,  1773-1780;  studied  theology,  and 
ordained  a  Congregational  minister  in  1780; 
moved  to  WTest  Bridgewater,  Mass. ;  elected  as 
a  Federalist  to  the  Fourth,  Fifth,  and  Sixth 
Congresses  (March  4,  1795-March  3,  1801)  ; 
served  as  chaplain  in  the  United  States  navy; 
died  in  West  Bridgewater,  Mass.,  February  17, 
1831. 

Reed,  Joseph,  a  Delegate  from  Pennsylvania ; 
born  in  Trenton,  N.  J.,  August  27,  1741;  was 
graduated  from  the  college  of  New  Jersey 
(Princeton)  in  1757;  studied  law  and  was  ad- 
mitted to  the  bar  in  1762 ;  was  a  law  student  in 
the  Temple,  in  London;  returned  in  1767  and 
began  practice  in  Trenton,  N.  J. ;  took  an  ac- 
tive part  in  pre-Revolutionary  affairs;  moved 
to  Philadelphia,  Pa.,  in  October,  1770;  member 
of  the  committee  of  correspondence  in  1774; 
president  of  the  Pennsylvania  convention  in 
January,  1775;  accompanied  General  Washing- 
ton to  Cambridge  as  his  aid-de-camp  and  mili- 
tary secretary  in  July,  1775;  served  during  the 
campaign  of  1776;  Delegate  in  the  Continental 
Congress  1777-1778;  president  of  the  supreme 
executive  council  of  Pennsylvania  1778-1781; 
aided  in  founding  the  university  of  Pensyl- 
vania,  of  which  he  was  a  trustee  1782-1785; 
died  in  Philadelphia,  Pa.,  March  5,  1785. 

Reed,  Joseph  Rea,  a  Representative  from 
Iowa;  born  in  Ashland  county,  Ohio.  March  12, 
1835;  attended  the  common  schools  and  Hayes- 
ville,  Ohio  academy ;  studied  law.  was  admitted 
to  the  bar,  and  practiced  in  Council  Bluffs, 
Iowa,  after  1857;  served  during  the  Civil 
War  as  an  officer  in  the  second  battery,  Iowa 
light  artillery,  from  July,  1861,  to  June,  1865; 
member  of  the  Iowa  state  senate  in  1866  and 
1868;  judge  of  the  district  court  from  Septem- 
ber 1,  1872,  to  January  1,  1884,  and  judge  of 
the  supreme  court  of  the  state  from  the  latter 
date  to  March  1,  1889;  elected  as  a  Republican 
to  the  Fifty-first  Congress  (March  4,  1889- 
March  3,  1891)  ;  chief  justice  of  the  court  of 
private  land  claims  1891-1904;  a  practicing 
lawyer  in  Council  Bluffs,  Iowa. 


948 


CONGRESSIONAL   DIRECTORY. 


Heed,  Philip,  a  Senator  and  a  Representative 
from  Maryland ;  born  in  Kent  county,  Md.,  about 
1760;  completed  preparatory  studies;  captain  in 
the  Revolutionary  Army;  elected  to  the  United 
States  Senate  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  the  resig- 
nation of  Robert  Wright  and  served  from  Decem- 
ber 29,  1806,  to  March  3,  1813;  elected  to  the 
Fifteenth  Congress  (March  4,  1817-March  3, 
1819)  ;  successfully  contested  the  election  of 
Jeremiah  Causden  to  the  Seventeenth  Congress 
and  served  from  March  20,  1822,  to  March  3, 
1823;  died  in  Huntingville,  Md.,  November  2, 
1829. 

Reed,  Robert  Rentoul,  a  Representative  from 
Pennsylvania ;  born  in  Washington,  Pa.,  March 
12,  1807 ;  completed  preparatory  studies,  and 
was  graduated  from  Washington  and  Jefferson 
College,  Pa.,  in  1824,  and  from  the  medical  de- 
partment of  the  University  of  Pennsylvania  in 
1829 ;  began  practice  in  Washington,  Pa. ;  mem- 
ber of  the  state  house  of  representatives ;  elected 
as  a  Whig  to  the  Thirty-first  Congress  ( March  4, 
1849-March  3,  1851)  ;  member  of  state  legisla- 
ture 1863-1864 ;  died  near  Washington,  Pa.,  De- 
cember 14,  1864. 

Reed,  Thomas  Brackett,  a  Representative 
from  Maine;  born  in  Portland,  Me.,  October  18, 
1839;  was  graduated  from  Bowdoin  college  in 
1860;  studied  law;  acting  assistant  paymaster, 
United  States  navy,  from  April  19.  1864,  to  No- 
vember 4,  1865 ;  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1865  and 
commenced  practice  in  Portland,  Me. ;  member  of 
the  state  house  of  representatives  1868-1869  and 
of  the  state  senate  in  1870 ;  attorney  general  of 
Maine  1870-1872;  city  solicitor  of  Portland 
1874-1877 ;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Forty- 
fifth  and  to  the  eleven  succeeding  Congresses, 
and  served  from  March  4,  1877,  to  September  4. 
1899,  when  he  resigned ;  Speaker  of  the  House  of 
Representatives  in  the  Fifty-first,  Fifty-fourth, 
and  Fifty-fifth  Congresses;  moved  to  New  York 
City  and  engaged  in  the  practice  of  law ;  died 
in  Washington,  D.  C.,  December  7,  1902;  inter- 
ment in  Portland,  Me. 

Reed,  Thomas  Buck,  a  Senator  from  Missis- 
sippi;  born  near  Lexington,  Ky.,  May  7,  1787; 
attended  the  schools  of  Lexington  and  Princeton 
university ;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the 
bar,  and  began  practice  in  Lexington  in  1808; 
moved  to  Natchez,  Miss.,  in  1809 ;  appointed  city 
clerk  in  1811 ;  unsuccessful  candidate  for  Dele- 
gate in  Congress  in  1813 ;  attorney  general  of 
Mississippi  1821-1826;  elected  to  the  United 
States  Senate,  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  the  res- 
ignation of  David  Holmes,  and  served  from 
January  28.  1826,  to  March  3,  1827;  reelected 
after  a  popular  primary,  and  served  from  March 
4,  1829,  until  his  death  in  Lexington,  Ky.,  while 
upon  his  way  to  Washington,  D.  C.,  November 
26,  1829. 

Reed,  William,  a  Representative  from  Massa- 
chusetts ;  born  in  Marblehead,  Mass.,  in  1777 ; 
received  a  limited  education  ;  merchant ;  elected 
as  a  Federalist  to  the  Twelfth  and  Thirteenth 
Congresses  (March  4,  1811-March  3,  1815)  :  died 
in  Marblehead,  Mass.,  February  18,  1837. 

Reeder,  William  Augustus,  a  Representative 
from  Kansas;  born  in  Cumberland  county,  Pa., 
August  28,  1849 ;  went  with  parents  to  Ipava. 
Fulton  county,  111. ;  pursued  preparatory  studies 


and  taught  school ;  moved  to  Kansas  and  was 
principal  of  the  Beloit  public  schools;  engaged 
in  the  banking  business  in  the  city  of  Logan, 
Kans.,  August  18,  1876 ;  in  1890,  engaged  in  irri- 
gation farming;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the 
Fifty-sixth,  Fifty-seventh,  Fifty-eighth,  Fifty- 
ninth,  Sixtieth, and  Sixty-first  Congresses  (March 
4,  1899-March  3,  1911)  ;  located  in  Los  Angeles, 
Cal. 

Reese,  David  Addison,  a  Representative  from 
Georgia;  born  in  Charlotte,  N.  C.,  March 
3,  1794 ;  attended  public  schools  and  instructed 
in  the  classics  by  private  tutor ;  studied'  medi- 
cine and  was  graduated  from  the  Philadelphia 
(Pa.)  medical  college,  and  practiced;  moved  to 
Monticello,  Ga. ;  elected  as  a  Whig  to  the  Thirty- 
third  Congress  (March  4.  1833-March  3,  1835)  ; 
died  in  Auburn,  Ala.,  December  16,  1871. 

Reese,  Seaborn,  a  Representative  from  Geor- 
gia;  born  in  Madison,  Morgan  county,  Ga..  No- 
vember 28, 1846 ;  attended  the  university  of  Geor- 
gia, which  institution  he  left  in  his  senior  year, 
1868;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and 
practiced  in  Sparta,  Ga. ;  member  of  the  general 
assembly  of  Georgia  1872-1874;  solicitor  general 
of  the  northern  judicial  circuit  1877-1880 ;  presi- 
dential elector  on  the  Hancock  ticket  in  1880 ; 
elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Forty-seventh  Con- 
gress, to  fill  the  vacancy  caused  by  the  resigna- 
tion of  Alexander  H.  Stephens ;.  reelected  to  the 
Forty-eighth  and  Forty-ninth  Congresses  and 
served  from  December  4,  1882  to  March  3,  1887 : 
died  in  Sparta,  Hancock  county.  Ga.,  March  1, 
1907. 

Reeves,  Henry  Augustus,  a  Representative 
from  New  York ;  born  in  Sag  Harbor,  N.  Y., 
December  7,  1832;  attended  private  school  in  Sag 
Harbor,  the  Southampton  academy,  the  univer- 
sity of  Michigan  for  three  years,  and  was 
graduated  from  Union  college,  New  York,  in 
1852;  studied  law  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar; 
edited  the  Republican  Watchman  in  Greenport 
in  1858;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Forty- 
first  Congress  (March  4.  1869-March  3,  1871): 
supervisor  1872-1881.  and  1882-1894 ;  member  of 
state  assembly  in  1887;  member  state  commis- 
sion in  lunacy  1889-1897;  editor  of  paper  ,in 
Greenport,  N.  Y. 

Reeves,  Walter,  a  Representative  from  Il- 
linois ;  born  near  Brownsville,  Pa.,  September 
25,  1848 ;  moved  with  his  parents  to  Illinois  in 
1856,  where  they  settled  upon  a  farm  in  La  Salle 
county;  attended  the  public  schools  and  became 
a  teacher;  studied  law  and  was  admitted  to  the 
bar  in  Mount  Yernon.  111.,  in  1875 ;  began  prac- 
tice in  Streator,  111. ;  was  elected  as  a  Republican 
to  the  Fifty-fourth,  Fifty-fifth,  Fifty-sixth,  and 
Fifty-seventh  Congresses  (March  4.  1895-March 
3.  1903)  ;  declined  appointments  to  Federal  posi- 
tions; died  in  Streator,  111.,  April  9,  1909. 

Reid,  Charles  Chester,  a  Representative  from 
Arkansas ;  born  in  Clarksville,  Johnson  county. 
Ark.,  June  15,  1868 ;  entered  the  state  university 
in  Fayetteville  in  1883;  was  graduated  from 
the  law  department  of  Yanderbilt  university. 
Nashville,  Tenn.,  in  1887 ;  began  practice  in  Mor- 
rillton.  Ark. ;  elected  prosecuting  attorney  of 
his  judicial  district  in  1894;  reelected  in  1896; 
voluntarily  retired  from  office  in  1898;  elected 
as  a  Democrat  to  the  Fifty-seventh,  Fifty- 


BIOGRAPHIES. 


949 


eighth,  Fifty-ninth,  Sixtieth,  and  Sixty-first  Con- 
gresses (March  4,  1901-March  3,  1911)  ;  located 
in  Little  Rock,  Ark.,  and  practiced  law. 

Reid,  David  Settle,  a  Representative  and  a 
Senator  from  North  Carolina ;  born  in  Rocking- 
ham  county,  N.  C.,  April  19.  1813;  attended  the 
public  school ;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the 
bar,  and  in  1834  began  practice  in  Wentworth, 
N.  C. ;  member  of  the  state  senate  1835-1842: 
elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Twenty-eighth  and 
Twenty-ninth  Congresses  (March  4,  1843-March 
3,  1847)  ;  defeated  as  the  Democratic  candidate 
for  governor  of  North  Carolina  in  1848;  elected 
governor  in  1850,  and  reelected  in  1852;  elected 
to  the  United  States  Senate  and  served  from 
December  6,  1854,  to  March  3.  1859;  delegate  to 
the  peace  congress  in  1861 ;  died  in  Wentworth, 
N.  C.,  June  19,  1891. 

Reid,  James  Wesley,  a  Representative .  from 
North  Carolina ;  born  in  Wentworth,  Rocking- 
ham  county,  N.  C.,  June  11,  1849;  pursued  an 
academic  course;  tutor  in  Emory  and  Henry 
college,  Virginia,  from  which  he  was  graduated 
in  1869;  studied  law  and  was  admitted  to  the 
bar  in  June,  1873;  county  treasurer  of  Rock- 
ingham  county,  1874-1884 ;  elected  as  a  Demo- 
crat to  the  Forty-eighth  Congress,  to  fill  vacancy 
caused  by  the  resignation  of  Alfred  M.  Scales; 
reelected  to  the  Forty-ninth  Congress  and  served 
from  January  28,  1885,  to  December  31,  1886, 
when  he  resigned ;  moved  to  Idaho  in  1887  and 
engaged  in  the  practice  of  law ;  died  January  1, 
1902. 

Reid,  John  W.,  a  Representative  from  Mis- 
souri ;  born  in  Lynchburg,  Va.,  June  14,  1821 ; 
attended  the  common  schools;  moved  to  Mis- 
souri in  1840 ;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the 
bar,  and  began  practice  in  Jefferson  City,  Mo., 
in  1844 ;  captain  in  the  Mexican  war ;  two  years 
a  member  of  the  state  legislature;  elected  as  a 
Democrat  to  the  Thirty-seventh  Congress  and 
served  from  March  4,  1861,  to  August  6,  1861 ; 
entered  the  Confederate  army ;  expelled  by  reso- 
lution of  December  2,  1861. 

Reid,  Robert  Raymond,  a  Representative 
from  Georgia ;  born  in  Prince  William  parish, 
Beaufort  district,  S.  C.,  September  8,  1789;  at- 
tended South  Carolina  college;  moved  to 
Augusta,  Ga. ;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the 
bar,  and  began  practice  in  1810 ;  justice  of  the 
supreme  court  of  Georgia  1816-1818  and  1823- 
1825;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Fifteenth 
Congress,  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  the  resigna- 
tion of  John  Forsyth,  and  reelected  to  the  Six- 
teenth and  Seventeenth  Congresses  and  served 
from  February  18, 1819,  to  March  3,  1823 ;  mayor 
of  Augusta  1827-1830 ;  judge  of  the  superior  court 
of  Georgia ;  appointed  United  States  judge  for 
the  district  of  east  Florida  in  1832 ;  governor  of 
the  territory  of  Florida  1839-1841 ;  president 
of  the  convention  which  framed  a  constitution 
for  the  state  of  Florida ;  died  in  Tallahassee, 
Fla.,  July  1,  1841. 

Reilly,  James  Bernard,  a  Representative  from 
Pennsylvania ;  born  in  West  Brunswig  town- 
ship, Schuylkill  county,  Pa.,  August  12,  1845;  at- 
tended the  Pottsville  high  school,  from  which  he 
was  graduated  in  1862;  read  law  and  was  ad- 
mitted to  the  bar  January  11,  1869,  in  Potts- 
ville; elected  district  attorney  of  Schuylkill 


county.  October  8,  1871,  and  served  until  January 
1,  1875  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Forty- 
fourth  and  Forty-fifth  Congresses  (March  4, 
1875-March  3,  1879)  ;  delegate  to  the  Democratic 
national  convention  in  1880;  nominated  by  the 
Democratic  county  convention  for  law  judge  of 
bis  county  in  1881  and  again  in  1882,  and  also 
as  the  candidate  for  Congress  in  1884,  but  was 
defeated  at  the  election ;  elected  as  a  Democrat 
to  the  Fifty-first,  Fifty-second,  and  Fifty-third 
Congresses  (March  4,  1889-March  3,  1895)  ; 
United  States  marshal  for  eastern  district  of 
Pennsylvania  1896-1900;  resumed  the  practice 
of  law  in  Pottsville,  Pa. 

'  Reilly,  John,  a  Representative  from  Pennsyl- 
vania ;  born  in  Abnerville,  Indiana  county,  Pa., 
February  22,  1836 ;  received  a  limited  schooling ; 
entered  the  service  of  the  Pennsylvania  railroad 
company  April  10,  1854;  appointed  superintend- 
ent of  transportation  April  1,  1865;  resigned 
upon  being  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Forty- 
fourth  Congress  (March  4, 1875-March  3,  1877)  ; 
defeated  for  reelection;  president  of  the  board 
of  city  commissioners  of  Altoona  in  1872-1873; 
president  of  the  Bells  Gap  railroad  company 
1872-1873. 

Reilly,  Wilson,  a  Representative  from  Penn- 
sylvania ;  born  in  Waynesboro,  Pa.,  August  8, 
1811 ;  attended  common  schools ;  studied  law, 
was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  practiced  in  Cham- 
bersburg,  Pa.;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the 
Thirty-fifth  Congress  (March  4,  1857-March  3, 
1859)  ;  defeated  for  reelection  to  the  Thirty- 
sixth  Congress;  died  in  Chambersburg,  Pa., 
August  26,  1885. 

Reily,  Luther,  a  Representative  from  Penn- 
sylvania ;  born  in  Myerstown,  Pa.,  October  17, 
1794;  completed  preparatory  studies;  studied 
medicine  and  began  practice  in  Harrisburg ;  held 
\arious  local  oflices;  participated  in  the  war  of 
1812  as  a  private  in  Capt.  R.  M.  Crane's  com- 
pany of  Pensylvania  volunteers  and  as  an  as- 
sistant surgeon ;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the 
Twenty-fifth  Congress  (March  4,  1837-March  3, 
1839)  ;  died  in  Harrisburg,  Pa.,  February  20, 
1854. 

Relfe,  James  H.,  a  Representative  from  Mis- 
souri ;  native  of  Virginia ;  moved  to  Missouri ; 
received  a  limited  schooling;  studied  medicine 
and  began  practice  in  Caledonia,  Mo. ;  elected 
as  a  Democrat  to  the  Twenty-eighth  and  Twenty- 
ninth  Congresses  (March  4, 1843-March  3, 1847). 

Remann,  Frederick,  a  Representative  from 
Illinois;  resident  of  Madison,  111.;  elected  to  the 
Fifty-fourth  Congress,  and  served  from  March 
4,  1895,  until  his  death  in  Madison,  111.,  July  14, 
1895. 

Rencher,  Abraham,  a  Representative  from 
North  Carolina ;  native  of  Wake  county,  N.  C. ; 
was  graduated  from  the  university  of  North 
Carolina  in  1822;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to 
the  bar,  and  practiced  in  Chatham  county; 
elected  as  a  Whig  to  the  Twenty-first,  Twenty- 
second,  Twenty-third,  Twenty-fourth,  and 
Twenty-fifth  Congresses  (March  4,  1829-March 
3, 1839),  and  was  reelected  to  the  Twenty- seventh 
Congress  (March  4,  1841-March  3.  1843)  ;  charge 
d'affaires  to  Portugal  1843-1847  ;  governor  of  the 
Territory  of  New  Mexico  1857-1861. 


950 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 


Bevels,  Hiram.  R.,  a  Senator  from  Missis- 
sippi ;  born  in  Fayetteville,  N.  C.,  September  1, 
1822 ;  moved  to  Indiana  and  attended  the 
Quaker  seminary  in  Union  county,  and  became 
an  ordained  minister  in  the  African  Methodist 
Episcopal  church ;  lectured  among  his  people  in 
the  states  of  Indiana,  Illinois,  Ohio,  and  Mis- 
souri ;  preached  in  Baltimore,  Md. ;  at  the  break- 
ing out  of  the  Civil  war  assisted  in  the  organi- 
zation of  the  first  two  colored  regiments  in 
Maryland ;  taught  school  in  St.  Louis,  Mo. ; 
went  to  Vicksburg,  Miss.,  as  chaplain  of  a 
colored  regiment  in  1864 ;  returned  to  Missis- 
sippi and  located  in  Natchez  in  1868,  and  held 
various  local  offices ;  elected  as  a  Republican  to 
the  United  States  Senate  to  fill  vacancy  in  the 
term  beginning  March  4,  1865,  and  served  from 
January  20,  1870,  to  March  3,  1871  (the  first 
negro  to  sit  in  the  United  States  Senate  as  a 
duly  qualified  Member)  ;  president  of  Alcora 
agricultural  university,  Rodney,  Miss. ;  moved 
to  Richmond,  Ind.,  and  became  pastor  of  the 
African  Methodist  Episcopal  church;  died  in 
Aberdeen,  Miss.,  January  16,  1901. 

Reyburn,  John  Edgar,  a  Representative  from 
Pennsylvania ;  born  in  New  Carlisle,  Clark 
county,  Ohio,  February  7,  1845 ;  instructed  by 
private  tutor  and  attended  Saunders  institute, 
West  Philadelphia;  studied  law  and  was  ad- 
mitted to  the  bar  in  Philadelphia  in  1870 ;  mem- 
ber of  the  state  house  of  representatives  1871. 
1874,  1875,  and  1876 ;  member  of  the  state  senate 
four  years  from  December  1,  1876,  and  re- 
elected  November,  1880;  elected  president  pro 
tempore  for  the  session  of  1883 ;  reelected  sena- 
tor November,  1884,  and  again  elected  Novem- 
ber, 1888,  for  a  term  of  four  years ;  presidential 
elector  in  1904;  elected  to  the  Fifty-first  Con- 
gress to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  the  death  of 
William  D.  Kelley;  reelected  to  the  Fifty-sec- 
ond, Fifty-third,  and  Fifty-fourth  Congresses, 
and  served  from  February  24,  1890,  to  March  3, 
1897;  reelected  to  the  Fifty-ninth  Congress,  to 
fill  the  vacancy  caused  by  the  death  of  Robert 
Adams,  and  to  the  Sixtieth  Congress,  and  served 
from  December  3,  1906,  to  April  1,  1907.  when 
he  resigned,  having  been  elected  mayor  of  Phil- 
adelphia ;  served  as  mayor  from  April,  1907,  to 
December  4,  1911 ;  a  manufacturer  of  Philadel- 
phia, Pa. 


Reynolds,  Edwin  Ruthvin,  a  Representative 
from  New  York ;  born  in  Fort  Ann,  N.  Y.,  Feb- 
ruary 16,  1816 ;  pursued  classical  studies ;  prin- 
cipal of  the  Albion  academy.  Orleans  county, 
N.  Y.,  for  six  years;  county  superintendent 
1843-1845;  studied  law.  was  admitted  to  the 
bar,  and  began  practice  in  Albion,  N.  Y. ;  elected 
as  a  Republican  to  the  Thirty-sixth  Congress, 
to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  the  death  of  Silas  M. 
Burroughs,  and  served  from  December  5.  1860, 
to  March  3,  1861  ;  judge  and  surrogate  of  Or- 
leans county  1863-1868;  died  in  Albion,  N.  Y., 
July  4,  1908. 

Reynolds,  Gideon,  a  Representative  from  New 
York ;  born  in  Petersburg,  N.  Y.,  August  9, 
1813 ;  received  a  limited  schooling ;  elected  as 
a  Whig  to  the  Thirtieth  and  Thirty-first  Con- 
gresses (March  4,  1847-March  3.  1851)  ;  died  in 
Hoosick,  N.  Y.,  July  13,  1896. 


Reynolds,  James  B.,  a  Representative  from 
Tennessee ;  elected  to  the  Fourteenth  Congress 
(March  4,  1815-March  3,  1817)  ;  reelected  to  the 
Eighteenth  Congress  (March  4,  1823-March  3, 
1825). 

Reynolds,  John,  a  Representative  from  Illi- 
nois; born  in  Montgomery  county,  Pa.,  February 
26,  1789 ;  located  with  his  parents  in  the  vicinity 
of  Kaskaskia,  111.,  in  1800;  pursued  classical 
studies ;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar, 
and  began  practice  in  Cahokia  in  1812 ;  elected 
a  justice  of  the  Illinois  supreme  court  in  1818; 
member  of  the  state  house  of  representatives 
1827-1829;  elected  governor  of  Illinois  in  1831, 
and  in  1832  took  the  field  as  commander  of  the 
state  militia  in  the  Black  Hawk  war;  elected 
as  a  Democrat  to  the  Twenty-third  Congress,  to 
fill  vacancy  caused  by  the  death  of  Charles 
Slade;  reelected  to  the  Twenty-fourth  Congress, 
and  served  from  December  1,  1834,  to  March  3, 
1837 ;  defeated  for  reelection  to  the  Twenty- 
fifth  Congress ;  elected  to  the  Twenty-sixth  and 
Twenty-seventh  Congresses  (March  4,  1839- 
March  3,  1843)  ;  again  a  member  of  the  state 
house  of  representatives  in  1846  and  1852,  and 
served  the  last  term  as  speaker ;  died  in  Belle- 
ville, 111.,  May  8,  1865. 

Reynolds,  John  Hazard,  a  Representative 
from  New  York ;  born  in  Moriah,  N.  Y.,  June 
21,  1819;  completed  preparatory  studies;  stud- 
ied law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  began 
practice  in  Albany  in  1843;  postmaster  of  Al- 
bany in  1853;  moved  to  Kinderhook,  N.  Y.,  and 
practiced  law  there  1843-1852 ;  elected  as  a  Re- 
publican to  the  Thirty-sixth  Congress  (March  4, 
1859-March  3,  1861)  ;  resumed  the  practice  of 
law ;  appointed  a  judge  of  the  commission  of 
appeals  of  the  state,  which  position  he  held 
until  the  expiration  of  the  court  by  constitu- 
tional limitation  July  1,  1875;  died  at  his  coun- 
try residence  in  Kinderhook,  N.  Y.,  September 
24,  1875. 

Reynolds,  John  Merriman,  a  Representative 
from  Pennsylvania ;  born  in  Lancaster  county, 
Pa. ;  was  graduated  from  the  First  Pennsyl- 
vania state  normal  school  and  from  Columbian 
university ;  engaged  in  the  practice  of  law  and 
banking  in  Bedford,  Pa. ;  member  of  the  state 
legislature  1873-1874;  elected  prosecuting  at- 
torney of  Bedford  county  hi  1875;  in  1892  one 
of  the  commissioners  to  select  a  site  and  build 
an  asylum  for  the  chronic  insane  in  Werners- 
ville,  Pa. ;  delegate  in  the  Democratic  national 
conventions  of  1888  and  1892;  Assistant  Sec- 
retary of  the  Interior  April  15,  1893,  to  June  1, 
1897 ;  supported  Mr.  McKinley  for  the  Presi- 
dency in  1896,  and  was  afterwards  identified 
with  the  Republican  party;  elected  as  a  Re- 
publican to  the  Fifty-ninth,  Sixtieth,  and  Sixty- 
first  Congresses;  resigned  January  17,  1911. 
Resumed  the  practice  of  law  in  Bedford,  Pa. 

Reynolds,  Joseph,  a  Representative  from 
New  York ;  born  in  Easton,  Washington  county. 
N.  Y.,  September  14,  1785;  completed  academic 
studies;  moved  to  Virgil,  N.  Y.,  in  1809;  or- 
ganized a  company  of  riflemen  for  service  in 
the  War  of  1812;  was  a  major,  colonel,  and 
brigadier  general  in  the  state  troops;  justice 
of  the  peace  1815-1837;  member  of  the  state 
assembly  in  1818;  judge  of  Cortland  county 


BIOGKAPHIES. 


1821-1839;  Jackson  presidential  elector  in  1832; 
elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Twenty-fourth 
Congress  (March  4,  1835-March  3,  1837)  ;  died 
in  Cortland,  N.  Y.,  September  24,  1864. 

Rhea,  John,  a  Representative  from  Tennes- 
see; born  in  the  Parish  of  Langhorn,  county  of 
Londonderry,  Ireland,  in  1753 ;  came  with  par- 
ents to  the  United  States  and  located  first  in 
Philadelphia,  Pa.,  and  a  little  later  in  Mary- 
land ;  moved  to  eastern  Tennessee  in  1778 ; 
completed  preparatory  studies  and  was  gradu- 
ated from  Princeton  in  1780;  member  of  the 
Patriot  force  in  the  battle  of  King's  Mountain 
in  October,  1780;  clerk  of  the  county  court  of 
Sullivan  county  in  the  proposed  state  of  Frank- 
lin and  subsequently  in  North  Carolina,  1785- 
1790;  member  of  the  house  of  commons  of 
North  Carolina,  and  of  the  state  convention  that 
ratified  the  Federal  Constitution  in  1789;  dele- 
gate in  the  constitutional  convention  of  Ten- 
nessee in  1796;  attorney  general  of  Greene 
county,  Tenn.,  1796;  member  state  legislature 
1796-1797 ;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Eighth 
and  to  the  five  succeeding  Congresses  (March  4, 
1803-March  3,  1815)  ;  appointed  United  States 
Commissioner  to  treat  with  the  Choctaw  Na- 
tion in  1816;  reelected  to  the  Fifteenth,  Six- 
teenth, and  Seventeenth  Congresses  (March  4, 
1817-March  3,  1823)  ;  died  in  Sullivan  county, 
Tenn.,  May  27,  1832. 

B-hea,  John  Stockdale,  a  Representative 
from  Kentucky ;  born  in  Russellville,  Logan 
county,  Ky.,  March  9,  1855;  attended  Bethel 
college,  Russellville,  Ky.,  and  Washington  and 
Lee  university,  Lexington,  Va. ;  licensed  to 
practice  law  in  the  fall  of  1873;  elected  prose- 
cuting attorney  for  Logan  county  in  1878  and 
1882 ;  presidential  elector  on  the  Democratic 
ticket  in  1884  and  in  1888;  delegate  to  the  na- 
tional Democratic  conventions  of  1892  and  1896 ; 
elected  as  the  candidate  of  the  Democratic  and 
Populist  parties  to  the  Fifty-fifth,  Fifty-sixth, 
Fifty-seventh,  and  Fifty-eighth  Congresses 
(March  4,  1897-March  3,  1905).  Resumed  the 
practice  of  law  and  farming  in  Russellville,  Ky. 

Rhea,  William  Francis,  a  Representative 
from  Virginia ;  born  in  Washington  county,  Va., 
April  20,  1858;  attended  Oldfield  school  and  a 
college  for  three  years;  studied  law,  was  ad- 
mitted to  the  bar ;  soon  afterwards  elected  judge 
of  the  county  court  of  Washington  county,  and 
served  four  years;  elected  to  the  state  senate 
and  served  four  years ;  elected  judge  of  the  city 
court  of  Bristol ;  resigned  in  1895  and  resumed 
the  practice  of  law ;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to 
the  Fifty-sixth  and  Fifty-seventh  Congresses 
(March  4,  1899-March  3,  1903)  ;  member  of  the 
state  corporation  commission  and  a  resident  of 
Richmond,  Va. 

Rhett,  Robert  Barn  well,  a  Representative  and 
a  Senator  from  South  Carolina ;  born  in  Beau- 
fort, S.  C.,  December  24,  1800;  completed  pre- 
paratory studies ;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to 
the  bar,  and  began  practice  in  Beaufort  in  1824 ; 
up  to  this  time  he  had  been  known  by  his  family 
name  of  Smith,  but  he  dropped  it  and  resumed 
the  name  of  an  ancestor,  Rhett ;  member  of  the 
state  legislature  in  1826;  attorney  general  of 
South  Carolina  in  1832 ;  elected  as  a  Democrat 
to  the  Twenty-fifth,  Twenty-sixth,  Twenty- 
seventh,  Twenty-eighth,  Twenty-ninth,  and  Thir- 


tieth Congresses  (March  4,  1837-March  3,  1849)  ; 
member  of  the  Nashville  convention  of  1850 ; 
elected  to  the  United  States  Senate  to  fill  va- 
cancy caused  by  the  death  of  John  C.  Calhoun, 
and  served  from  December  18,  1850,  to  1852, 
when  he  resigned;  delegate  to  the  South  Caro- 
lina secession  convention  in  1861 ;  moved  to  St. 
James  Parish,  La. ;  delegate  in  the  Democratic 
national  convention  of  1868;  died  in  St.  James 
Parish,  La.,  September  14,  1876. 

Rhinock,  Joseph  Lafayette,  a  Representative 
from  Kentucky ;  born  in  Owenton,  Owen  county, 
Ky.,  January  4,  1863;  attended  the  Covington 
public  schools ;  served  as  a  Democrat  in  the  city 
council  of  Covington,  and  was  mayor  1893-1900 ; 
was  the  organizer  and  first  president  of  the  Jef- 
ferson Democratic  club,  of  Covington ;  elected  to 
the  Fifty-ninth,  Sixtieth,  and  Sixty-first  Con- 
gresses (March  4,  1905-March  3,  1911)  ;  en- 
gaged in  financial  enterprises  in  New  York  City. 

Rhodes,  Marion  Edwards,  a  Representative 
from  Missouri ;  born  in  Bollinger  county,  Mo., 
near  Glen  Allen,  January  4, 1868 ;  completed  pre- 
paratory studies;  located  in  Washington  county 
in  1891 ;  principal  of  the  Potosi  public  school  for 
three  years;  studied  law  and  was  admitted  to 
the  bar  in  1896,  and  entered  practice  in  Potosi, 
Mo. ;  in  1900  was  elected  prosecuting  attorney 
of  Washington  county  and  reelected  in  1902 ; 
elected  to  the  Fifty -ninth  Congress  (March  4, 
1905-March  3,  1907)  ;  resumed  the  practice  of 
law  in  Potosi,  Mo. 

Rhodes,  Samuel,  a  Delegate  from  Pennsyl- 
vania; born  in  Philadelphia,  Pa.,  in  1711;  re- 
ceived a  limited  schooling  and  became  a  carpen- 
ter and  builder;  member  of  the  city  council  in 
1741 ;  member  of  the  provincial  assembly  1761- 
1764  and  1771  ;1774 ;  commissioner  to  the  In- 
dians at  Lancaster,  Pa.,  and  in  the  West;  Dele- 
gate in  the  Continental  Congress  1774-1775; 
mayor  of  Philadelphia  in  1774 ;  founder  and 
member  of  board  of  managers  of  the  Pennsyl- 
vania hospital  1751-1781 ;  director  of  the  Phila- 
delphia library;  died  in  Philadelphia,  Pa.,  April 
7,  1784. 

Ricaud,  James  Barroll,  a  Representative  from 
Maryland ;  born  in  Baltimore,  Md..  February 
11,  1808 ;  was  graduated  from  Washington  col- 
lege, Md. ;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar, 
and  began  practice  in  Chestertown,  Md. ;  member 
of  the  state  house  of  representatives  in  1834  and 
of  the  state  senate  1836-1844 ;  presidential  elec- 
tor in  1836  on  the  Harrison  ticket  and  again  in 
1844  on  the  Clay  ticket ;  elected  as  an  American 
to  the  Thirty-fourth  and  Thirty-fifth  Congresses 
(March  4,  1855-March  3,  1859)  ;  died  in  Ches- 
tertown, Md.,  January  24,  1866. 

Rice,  Alexander  Hamilton,  a  Representative 
from  Massachusetts;  born  in  Newton  Lower 
Falls,  Mass.,  August  30,  1818;  was  graduated 
from  Union  college  in  1844 ;  paper  manufactTirer 
in  Boston ;  mayor  of  Boston  in  1856  and  1857 ; 
elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Thirty-sixth, 
Thirty-seventh,  Thirty-eighth,  and  Thirty-ninth 
Congresses  (March  4,  1859-March  3,  1867)  ; 
delegate  in  the  Philadelphia  Loyalists  conven- 
tion in  1866  and  in  the  Republican  national  con- 
vention of  1868;  governor  of  Massachusetts 
1876-1878 ;  died  in  Boston,  Mass.,  July  22,  1895. 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 


Bice,  Americus  Vespucius,  a  Representative 
from  Ohio ;  born  in  Perryville,  Ashland  county, 
Ohio,  November  18,  1835;  pursued  classical 
studies,  and  was  graduated  from  Union  college, 
New  York,  in  I860;  law  student  when  he  enlisted 
in  the  Union  army  in  1861 ;  captain  twenty-first 
Ohio  infantry  April  27,  1861;  captain  fifty- 
seventh  Ohio  September  2,  1861;  lieutenant 
colonel  February  8,  1862 ;  colonel  May  31,  1865 ; 
mustered  out  January  15,  1866;  manager  of 
private  banking  house;  delegate  in  the  Demo- 
cratic national  convention  in  Baltimore  in  1872 ; 
elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Forty-fourth  and 
Forty-fifth  Congresses  (March  4,  1875-March  3, 
1879)  ;  died  in  Washington,  D.  C.,  April  4,  1904; 
interment  in  Arlington  cemetery. 

Bice,  Benjamin  Franklin,  a  Senator  from 
Arkansas;  born  in  East  Otto,  Cattaraugus 
county,  N.  Y.,  May  26,  1828;  completed  pre- 
paratory studies ;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to 
the  bar,  and  practiced;  moved  to  Kentucky  and 
practiced  his  profession ;  member  of  the  state 
legislature  1855-1856;  presidential  elector  in 
1856 ;  moved  to  Minnesota  in  1860 ;  captain  in 
Minnesota  volunteers  in  the  Union  army  and 
served  three  years ;  settled  in  Little  Rock,  Ark., 
in  1864 ;  resumed  the  practice  of  law ;  active  in 
organizing  the  Republican  party  in  Arkansas; 
elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  United  States 
Senate  and  served  from  June  23,  1868,  to  March 
3,  1873 ;  died  in  Tulsa,  Okla.,  January  19,  1905. 

Bice,  Edmund,  a  Representative  from  Minne- 
sota ;  born  in  Waitsfield,  Vt,  February  14,  1819 ; 
attended  the  common  schools ;  went  to  Kala- 
mazoo,  Mich.,  November,  1838 ;  read  law ;  ap- 
pointed register  of  the  court  of  chancery  in 
1841  and  later  was  master  in  chancery ;  clerk 
of  the  supreme  court,  third  circuit;  served 
as  register  and  master  until  1845,  when  the 
court  was  abolished,  and  clerk  until  1849;  en- 
listed to  serve  in  the  Mexican  war  in  1847 ;  com- 
missioned first  lieutenant,  company  A,  first  regi- 
ment Michigan  volunteers;  detailed  as  acting 
assistant  commissary  of  subsistence  and  acting 
assistant  quartermaster ;  mustered  out  in  Au- 
gust, 1848;  moved  to  St.  Paul,  Minn.,  in  July, 
1849,  and  practiced  law  until  1856;  president 
of  the  Minnesota  and  Pacific  railroad  company 
1857-1863;  St.  Paul  and  Pacific  railroad  1863- 
1872,  and  trustee  1879;  president  St.  Paul  and 
Chicago  1863-1877 ;  member  of  the  territorial 
legislature  1851 ;  state  senator  1864-1866,  1874- 
1876;  member  of  the  state  house  of  representa- 
tives 1867,  1872,  1877,  and  1878;  mayor  of  St. 
Paul  1881-1883;  reelected  in  1885,  and  resigned 
in  February,  1887 ;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the 
Fiftieth  Congress  (March  4,  1887-March  3, 
1889)  ;  died  in  White  Bear,  Minn.,  July  11, 
1889. 

Bice,  Edward  Young,  a  Representative  from 
Illinois;  born  in  Logan  county,  Ky.,  February 
8,  1820;  pursued  classical  studies;  studied  law, 
was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  practiced ;  moved 
to  Illinois  and  located  in  Montgomery  connty ; 
elected  county  recorder  in  1847 ;  member  of  the 
state  legislature  1849-1850;  judge  of  the  Mont- 
gomery county  court  for  two  years;  master  in 
chancery  1853-1S57;  judge  of  the  eighteenth 
circuit  of  Illinois,  and  reelected  in  1861  and 
1867 ;  member  of  the  state  constitutional  con- 
vention 1869-1870 ;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the 
Forty-second  Congress  (March  4.  1871-March  3, 
1873)  ;  died  in  Hillsboro,  111.,  April  16,  1883. 


Bice,  Henry  Mower,  a  Delegate  and  a  Senator 
from  Minnesota ;  born  in  Waitsfield,  Vt.,  Novem- 
ber 29,  1816 ;  completed  preparatory  studies :  re- 
sided in  the  Territories  of  Iowa,  Wisconsin,  and 
Minnesota ;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Thirty- 
third  and  Thirty-fourth  Congresses  (March  4, 
1853-March  3,  1857)  ;  elected  to  the  United 
States  Senate  and  served  from  May  11,  1858,  to 
March  3,  1863;  elected  treasurer  of  Ramsay 
county  in  1878;  died  in  San  Antonio,  Tex.,  Jan- 
uary 15,  1894 ;  interment  in  Oakland  cemetery, 
St.  Paul,  Minn. 

Bice,  John  Birchard,  a  Representative  from 
Ohio;  born  in  Fremont,  Ohio,  June  23,  1832; 
was  graduated  from  the  medical  department  of 
the  university  of  Michigan  and  from  Jefferson 
medical  college,  Philadelphia,  Pa. ;  lecturer  on 
military  surgery  and  obstetrics  in  the  Charity 
Hospital  medical  college  and  medical  department 
of  the  university  of  Wooster  in  Cleveland,  Ohio ; 
served  on  the  medical  staff  during  the  Civil  war 
as  assistant  surgeon  of  the  tenth,  and  surgeon 
of  the  seventy-second  Ohio  volunteer  infantry, 
and  as  surgeon-in-chief  of  division  in  the  fif- 
teeth  army  corps  and  of  the  district  of  Mem- 
phis; elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Forty- 
seventh  Congress  (March  4,  1881-March  3, 
1883)  ;  died  in  Fremont,  Ohio,  January  14,  1893. 

Bice,  John  Blake,  a  Representative  from  Illi- 
nois; born  in  Easton,  Talbot  county,  Md.,  May 
28,  1809;  received  a  limited  schooling;  went  on 
the  stage  in  New  York  in  1839;  moved  to  Chi- 
cago, 111.,  in  1847,  and  was  manager  of  a  theater ; 
also  managed  theaters  in  Bangor,  Me.,  Buffalo, 
N.  Y.,  and  Milwaukee,  Wis. ;  retired  from  the 
stage  in  1857,  and  from  theatrical  management 
in  1861 ;  elected  mayor  of  Chicago  in  1865  and 
1867 ;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Forty-third 
Congress  and  served  from  March  4,  1873,  until 
his  death  in  Norfolk,  Va.,  December  17,  1874. 

Bice,  John  Hovey,  a  Representative  from 
Maine;  born  in  Mount  Vernon,  Me.,  February 
5,  1816;  received  a  limited  schooling;  studied 
law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  began  prac- 
tice in  1848 ;  county  attorney  for  Piscataquis 
county  1852-1860;  elected  as  a  Republican  to 
the  Thirty-seventh,  Thirty-eighth,  and  Thirty- 
ninth  Congresses  (March  4,  1861-March  3, 
1867)  ;  collector  of  customs  at  the  port  of  Ban- 
gor, Me.,  1861-1871;  moved  to  Washington, 
D.  C.,  and  practiced  law;  died  in  Chicago,  111., 
March  14,  1911. 

Bice,  John  M.,  a  Representative  from  Ken- 
tucky ;  native  of  Floyd  county,  Ky. ;  received  a 
limited  schooling;  member  of  the  state  house 
of  representatives  in  1859  and  1867;  elected 
as  a  Democrat  to  the  Forty-first  and  Forty-sec- 
ond Congresses  (March  4,  1869-March  3, 
1873). 

Bice,  Theron  Mcftes,  a  Representative  from 
Missouri ;  born  in  Mecca,  Trumbull  county, 
Ohio,  September  21,  1829;  attended  the  acad- 
emy in  Chester,  Ohio,  where  he  remained  four 
years;  taught  district  school  during  the  winter 
months;  read  law  and  was  admitted  to  the 
bar  in  June,  1854,  and  practiced  for  about  three 
years  in  Mahomng  county,  Ohio ;  moved  in  the 
spring  of  1858  to  California,  Moniteau  county. 
Mo.;  served  in  the  Civil  war  1861-1865,  in  the 
United  States  infantry  volunteer  service  from 
Missouri ;  received  gradual  promotions  from 


BIOGRAPHIES. 


953 


first  lieutenant  to  colonel ;  returned  to  Mis- 
souri in  the  spring  of  1866  and  renewed  the 
practice  of  law  in  Tipton,  Moniteau  county ; 
elected  in  1868  circuit  judge,  and  served  six 
years;  elected  as  a  National  Greenbacker  to 
the  Forty-seventh  Congress  (March  4,  1881- 
March  3,  1883)  ;  died  in  Boonville,  Mo.,  No- 
vember 7,  1895. 

Bice,  Thomas,  a  Representative  from  Massa- 
chusetts; born  in  Pownalborough,  (now  Wis- 
casset,  Me.)  March  30,  1768;  was  graduated 
from  Harvard  college  in  1791 ;  studied  law,  was 
admitted  to  the  bar,  and  practiced ;  elected  to 
the  Fourteenth  and  Fifteenth  Congresses 
(March  4,  1815-March  3,  1819)  ;  died  in  Wins- 
low,  Me.,  August  25.  1854. 

Bice,  William  Whitney,  a  Representative 
from  Massachusetts ;  born  in  Deerfield,  Mass., 
March  7,  1826;  fitted  for  college  in  Gorhain 
academy,  Maine;  was  graduated  from  Bow- 
doin  college  in  1846 ;  preceptor  in  Leicester 
academy,  Massachusetts  1847-1851 ;  studied  law 
in  Worcester,  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1854, 
and  practiced  in  Worcester;  appointed  judge  of 
insolvency  for  the  county  of  Worcester  in  1858; 
mayor  of  the  city  of  Worcester  in  1860 ;  district 
attorney  for  the  middle  district  of  Massachu- 
setts 1869-1874 ;  member  of  the  state  house  of 
representatives  in  1875;  elected  as  a  Republi- 
can to  the  Forty-fifth,  Forty-sixth,  Forty-sev- 
enth, Forty-eighth,  and  Forty-ninth  Congresses 
(March  4,  1877-March  3,  1887)  ;  resumed  the 
practice  of  law  in  Worcester,  Mass. ;  died  there 
March  1,  1896. 

Rich,  Charles,  a  Representative  from  Ver- 
mont; born  in  Warwick,  Hampshire  county, 
Mass.,  September  13,  1771 ;  moved  to  Shoreham, 
Vt. ;  received  a  limited  schooling ;  held  various 
local  offices;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Thir- 
teenth Congress  (March  4,  1813-March  3,  1815) 
and  was  reelected  to  the  Fifteenth,  Sixteenth, 
Seventeenth,  and  Eighteenth  Congresses  and 
served  from  December  1,  1817,  until  his  death 
in  Shoreham,  Vt.,  October  15,  1824. 

Rich,  John  T.,  a  Representative  from  Michi- 
gan ;  born  in  Conneautville,  Crawford  county, 
Pa.,  April  23,  1841 ;  pursued  an  academic  course ; 
moved  with  parents  to  Addison  county,  Vt.,  in 
1846,  and  to  Elba,  Lapeer  county,  Mich.,  in  1848, 
and  engaged  in  farming;  member  and  chairman 
of  the  board  of  supervisors  of  Lapeer  county ; 
member  of  the  state  house  of  representatives  in 
1872  and  reelected  in  1874,  1876,  and  1878; 
speaker  of  the  house  during  the  last  two  terms; 
state  senator  in  1880;  resigned  his  seat  in  the 
senate  March  21,  1881;  elected  as  a  Republican 
to  the  Forty-seventh  Congress  (March  4,  1881- 
March  3,  1883);  defeated  for  reelection;  state 
railroad  commissioner  1887-1891 ;  governor  of 
Michigan  1892-1896 :  collector  of  customs  at  De- 
troit 1898-1906 ;  state  treasurer,  to  fill  vacancy ; 
collector  of  customs  at  the  port  of  Port  Huron, 
Mich. 

Bichards,  Gabriel,  a  Delegate  from  Michigan ; 
born  in  La  Ville  de  Saintes,  France,  October  15, 
1767 ;  pursued  classical  studies  and  studied  the- 
ology in  the  seminary  of  Augers,  France,  and  in 
Paris;  took  the  order  of  priesthood  October  15, 
1790;  emigrated  to  the  United  States  in  1792, 
and  located  in  Baltimore,  Md.,  June  24,  1792; 


professor  of  mathematics  in  St.  Marys  college, 
Maryland;  sent  by  Bishop  Carroll  as  a  mission- 
ary to  thet  Indians  and  was  stationed  in  Kas- 
kaskia,  111. ;  located  as  a  missionary  in  Detroit, 
Mich.,  in  1796 ;  published  a  periodical  in  the 
French  laguage,  entitled  "  Essais  du  Michigan," 
and  some  Roman  Catholic  books ;  elected  a  Dele- 
gate to  the  Eighteenth  Congress  (March  4,  1823- 
March  3,  1825)  ;  returned  to  Detroit  and  offi- 
ciated as  grand  vicar  of  the  bishop  of  Ohio; 
died  in  Detroit,  Mich.,  September  13,  1832. 

Bichards,  Jacob,  a  Representative  from  Penn- 
sylvania ;  born  near  Chester,  Pa.,  1773 ;  elected 
to  the  Eighth,  Ninth,  and  Tenth  Congresses 
(March  4,  1803-March  3,  1809)  ;  died  near  Ches- 
ter, Pa.,  July  20,  1816. 

Bichards,  James  Alexander  Dudley,  a  Rep- 
resentative from  Ohio ;  born  in  Boston,  Mass., 
March  22,  1845;  spent  his  early  life  in  Boston 
and  New  York  City;  went  to  Ohio  in  1861; 
studied  law  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in 
1867;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Fifty -third 
Congress  (March  4,  1893-March  3,  1895)  ;  re- 
sumed the  practice  of  law ;  died  near  New  Phila- 
delphia, Ohio,  December  4,  1911. 

Bichards,  John,  a  Representative  from  New 
York ;  born  in  Wales,  April  13,  1765 ;  resided  in 
Johnsburg ;  received  a  limited  schooling ;  state 
surveyor  1810-1812;  elected  to  the  Eighteenth 
Congress  (March  4,  1823-March  3,  1825)  ;  died 
in  Caldwell,  N.  Y.,  April  18,  1850. 

Bichards,  John,  a  Representative  from  Penn- 
sylvania ;  -successfully  contested  the  election  of 
James  Morris  to  the  Fourth  Congress  and  served 
from  January  18,  1796,  to  March  3,  1797. 

Bichards,  Mark,  a  Representative  from  Ver- 
mont ;  native  of  New  Haven,  Conn. ;  received  a 
limited  schooling;  moved  to  Vermont;  served 
eight  years  as  a  member  of  the  state  house  of 
representatives ;  presidential  elector  on  the  Madi- 
son ticket  in  1813 ;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the 
Fifteenth  and  Sixteenth  Congresses  (March  4, 
1817-March  3, 1821)  ;  elected  lieutenant  governor 
of  Vermont  in  1830. 

Bichards,  Matthias,  a  Representative  from 
Pennsylvania ;  born  in  1757 ;  completed  prepara- 
tory studies;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the 
bar,  and  practiced ;  judge  of  Berks  county  court 
in  Pennsylvania  1788-1797 ;  elected  to  the  Tenth 
and  Eleventh  Congresses  (March  4,  1807-March 
3,  1811)  ;  died  in  1830. 

Bichardson,  David  Plunket,  a  Representative 
from  New  York;  born  in  Macedon,  N.  Y.,  May 
28,  1833 ;  was  graduated  from  Yale  college  in 
1856;  studied  law  in  Rochester,  N.  Y.,  was  ad- 
mitted to  the  bar  in  1859;  entered  the  Union 
army  in  1861,  and  served  between  three  and  four 
years ;  moved  to  Angelica,  N.  Y.,  in  1866 ; 
elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Forty-sixth  and 
Forty-seventh  Congresses  (March  4,  1879-March 
3,  1883)  ;  resumed  the  practice  of  law  in  An- 
gelica, N.  Y. ;  died  in  Angelica,  Allegany  county, 
N.  Y.,  June  20,  1904. 

Bichardson,  G-eorge  F.,  a  Representative  from 
Michigan ;  born  in  Jamestown,  Ottawa  county, 
Mich.,  July  1,  1850;  attended  the  common 
schools;  elected  township  clerk  eight  years  in 
succession ;  member  of  the  state  legislature  in 
1885,  and  1891  was  elected  speaker  pro  tempbre ; 


954 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 


elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Fifty-third  Con- 
gress (March  4,  1893-Majch  3,  1895)  ;  located  in 
Grand  Rapids,  Mich. 

Richardson,  Harry  Alden,  a  Senator  from 
Delaware;  born  in  Camden,  Del.,  January  1, 
1853 ;  moved  with  parents  to  Dover  in  1856 ;  at- 
tended the  city  schools  and  the  academy  in  East 
Greenwich,  R.  I. ;  engaged  in  business  in  Dover, 
Del.,  as  a  canner  and  packer ;  in  1890  nominated 
by  the  Republicans  for  governor  and  was  de- 
feated ;  elected  to  the  United  States  Senate  as  a 
Republican  in  January,  1907,  for  the  term  ex- 
piring March  3,  1913. 

Richardson,  James  Daniel,  a  Representative 
from  Tennessee;  born  in  Rutherford  county, 
Tenn.,-  March  10,  1843;  attended  the  country 
schools  and  Franklin  college,  near  Nashville; 
entered  the  Confederate  army  before  graduat- 
ing and  served  nearly  four  years,  the  first  year 
as  private  and  the  remaining  three  as  adjutant 
of  the  forty-fifth  Tennessee  infantry;  read  law, 
was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  began  practice 
January  1,  1867,  in  Murfreesboro,  Tenn.;  mem- 
ber of  the  state  legislature  and  elected  speaker 
of  the  house  in  1871 ;  state  senator  1873-1874 ; 
delegate  to  the  St.  Louis  Democratic  conven- 
tion in  1876,  to  the  Chicago  Democratic  con- 
vention in  1896,  and  to  the  Kansas  City  Demo- 
cratic convention  in  1900,  over  which  he  pre- 
sided as  permanent  chairman ;  in  February, 
1900,  made  chairman  of  the  Democratic  con- 
gressional committee;  editor  and  compiler  of 
Messages  and  Papers  of  the  Presidents;  nomi- 
nee in  caucus  of  the  Democratic  members  of 
the  House  of  Representatives  in  the  Fifty-sixth 
and  Fifty-seventh  Congresses  for  Speaker; 
elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Forty-ninth,  and 
to  the  nine  succeeding  Congresses  (March  4, 
1885-March  3,  1905)  ;  a  resident  of  Murfrees- 
boro, Tenn.,  and  sovereign  grand  commander 
of  Scottish  Rite  Masonry,  southern  jurisdiction. 

Richardson,  James  Montgomery,  a  Repre- 
sentative from  Kentucky ;  born  in  Mobile,  Ala., 
July  1,  1859;  attended  common  schools;  editor 
of  a  newspaper;  served  one  term  as  representa- 
tive in  the  state  legislature  and  two  terms  as 
prison  commissioner;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to 
the  Fifty -ninth  Congress  (March  4,  1905-March 
3,  1907). 

Richardson,  John  Peter,  a  Representative 
from  South  Carolina ;  born  in  Hickory  Hill, 
S.  C.,  April  14,  1801;  was  graduated  from 
South  Carolina  college  in  1819;  studied  law, 
was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  began  practice  in 
Fulton,  S.  C. ;  member  of  the  state  house  of 
representatives;  judge  of  the  circuit  court;  was 
elected  as  a  States  Rights  Democrat  to  the 
Twenty-fourth  Congress,  to  fill  vacancy  caused 
by  the  death  of  Richard  T.  Manning,  and  was 
reflected  to  the  Twenty-fifth  Congress,  and 
served  from  December  19,  1836,  to  March  3, 
1839;  governor  of  South  Carolina  1840-1842; 
died  in  Fulton,  S.  C..  January  24,  1864. 

Richardson,  John  Smythe,  a  Representative 
from  South  Carolina ;  born  in  Surnter,  S.  C., 
February  29,  1828 ;  pursued  an  academic  course 
in  Cokesbury,  S.  C. ;  entered  the  South  Caro- 
lina college  in  1847  and  was  graduated  in  1850 ; 
studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1852, 
and  began  practice  in  Sumter,  S.  C. ;  entered 


the  Confederate  service  as  a  captain  of  in- 
fantry and  served  under  Gen.  J.  B.  Kershaw 
until  after  the  first  battle  of  Manassas,  where 
he  was  wounded ;  served  as  adjutant  of  the 
twenty-third  South  Carolina  regiment ;  elected 
a  member  of  the  state  legislature  in  1865,  and 
served  until  1867 ;  appointed  agent  of  the  state 
of  South  Carolina  in  1866,  to  apply  for  and 
receive  the  land  scrip  donated  to  South  Caro- 
lina by  Congress;  delegate  from  South  Caro- 
lina to  the  St.  Louis  national  Democratic  con- 
vention in  1876;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the 
Forty-sixth  and  Forty-seventh  Congresses 
(March  4,  1879-March  3,  1883)  ;  died  in  Sum- 
ter, S.  C.,  February  24,  1894. 

Richardson,  Joseph,  a  Representative  from 
Massachusetts;  born  in  Billerica,  Mass.,  Febru- 
ary 1,  1778;  was  graduated  from  Dartmouth 
college  in  1802;  studied  theology  and  was  or- 
dained over  the  first  parish  in  Hingham  July 
2,  1806 ;  delegate  to  the  state  constitutional  con- 
vention in  1820;  member  of  the  state  house  of 
representatives  1821-1822  and  of  the  state  sen- 
ate 1823,  1824,  and  1826;  elected  to  the  Twen- 
tieth and  Twenty-first  Congresses  (March  4, 
1827-March  3,  1831)  ;  died  in  Hingham,  Mass., 
September  25,  1871. 

Richardson,  William,  a  Representative  from 
Alabama ;  born  in  Athens,  Ala.,  in  1845 ;  at- 
tended public  schools ;  studied  law  and  was  ad- 
mitted to  the  bar ;  served  in  the  Confederate 
army ;  judge  of  the  court  of  probate  and  county 
court  of  Madison  county,  Ala.,  from  1875  to 
1886;  Democratic  elector  in  1888;  elected  as  a 
Democrat  to  the  Fifty-sixth  Congress,  to  fill 
vacancy  caused  by  the  resignation  of  Joseph 
Wheeler;  reelected  to  the  Fifty-seventh,  Fifty- 
eighth,  Fifty-ninth,  Sixtieth,  and  Sixty-first 
Congresses,  and  served  from  December  3,  1900, 
to  March  3,  1911.  Reelected  to  the  Sixty-second 
Congress. 

Richardson,  William  Alexander,  a  Senator 
from  Illinois;  born  in  Fayette  county,  Ky., 
October  11,  1811;  was  graduated  from  Transyl- 
vania university ;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to 
the  bar,  and  began  practice  at  Rushville,  111.; 
moved  to  Quincy ;  served  in  both  branches  of 
the  legislature;  speaker  of  the  house  one  year; 
presidential  elector  on  the  Polk  ticket  in  1844 ; 
enlisted  as  captain  in  the  Mexican  war,  and 
promoted  to  the  rank  of  major;  elected  as  a 
Democrat  to  the  Thirtieth,  Thirty-first,  Thirty- 
second,  Thirty-third,  and  Thirty-fourth  Con- 
gresses, and  serving  from  March  4,  1847,  to 
August  25,  1856,  when  he  resigned ;  governor  of 
Nebraska  Territory  1857-1858,  when  he  re- 
signed; was  reelected  to  the  Thirty-seventh 
Congress,  and  served  from  March  4,  1861,  to 
January  29,  1863,  when  he  resigned;  elected  as 
a  Democrat  to  the  United  States  Senate,  to  fill 
vacancy  caused  by  the  death  of  Stephen  A. 
Douglas,  and  served  from  January  30,  1863,  to 
March  3,  1865;  died  in  Quincy,  111.,  December 
27,  1875. 

Richardson,  William  Merchant,  a  Represent- 
ative from  Massachusetts;  born  in  Pelham, 
N.  H.,  January  4,  1774 ;  was  graduated  from 
Harvard  college  in  1797;  studied  law,  was  ad- 
mitted to  the  bar,  and  began  practice  in  Groton, 
Mass. ;  elected  as  a  Federalist  to  the  Twelfth 
and  Thirteenth  Congresses,  and  served  from 


BIOGRAPHIES. 


955 


March  4,  1811,  to  April  18,  1814,  when  he  re- 
signed ;  moved  to  Portsmouth,  N.  H.,  in  1814 ; 
United  States  attorney  in  1814 ;  appointed  chief 
justice  of  New  Hampshire  in  1816;  died  in 
Chester,  N.  H.,  March  23,  1838. 

Kichey,  Thomas,  a  Representative  from 
Ohio ;  native  of  Pennsylvania ;  moved  to  Som- 
erset, Ohio ;  received  a  limited  schooling ;  elected 
as  a  Democrat  to  the  Thirtieth  Congress  (March 
4,  1847-March  3,  1849)  and  to  the  Thirty-third 
Congress  (March  4,  1853-March  3,  1855). 

Richmond,  Hiram  Lowton,  a  Representative 
from  Pennsylvania ;  born  in  Chautauqua  county, 
N.  Y.,  May  17,  1810;  completed  preparatory 
studies;  studied  medicine;  studied  law,  was  ad- 
mitted to  the  bar,  and  in  1838  began  practice 
in  Meadville,  Pa. ;  elected  as  a  Republican  to 
the  Forty-third  Congress  (March  4,  1873-March 
3,  1875)  ;  died  in  Meadville,  Pa.,  February  9, 
1885. 

Richmond,  James  Buchanan,  a  Representa- 
tive from  Virginia;  born  in  Turkey  Cove,  Lee 
county,  Va. ;  attended  Emory  and  Henry  col- 
lege; practiced  law  in  the  circuit  and  county 
courts  of  Lee,  Scott,  and  Wise  counties,  Va., 
and  in  the  court  of  appeals  at  Wytheville,  Va. ; 
held  the  office  of  orderly  sergeant  and  captain 
of  company  A,  fiftieth  Virginia  infantry,  during 
the  first  year  of  the  war;  afterwards  major  of 
the  sixty-fourth  Virginia  regiment  for  a  time, 
and  was  promoted  to  lieutenant  colonel  sixty- 
fourth  Virginia  regiment ;  elected  as  a  Democrat 
to  the  Forty-sixth  Congress  (March  4,  1879- 
March  3,  1881). 

Richmond,  Jonathan,  a  Representative  from 
New  York;  born  in  Dartmouth,  Mass.,  July  31, 
1774;  completed  preparatory  studies;  moved  to 
Aurora,  Cayuga  county,  N.  Y.,  in  1813;  United 
States  internal-revenue  collector;  elected  to  the 
Sixteenth  Congress  (March  4,  1819-March  3. 
1821)  ;  died  in  Aurora,  N.  Y.,  July  29,  1865. 

Riddle,  Albert  Gallatin,  a  Representative 
from  Ohio ;  born  in  Monson,  Mass.,  May  28, 
1816;  moved  to  Newbury,  in  the  Western  Re- 
serve of  Ohio,  in  1817 ;  completed  preparatory 
studies ;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar 
in  1840,  and  began  practice  in  Geauga  county, 
and  was  prosecuting  attorney  of  the  county 
1840-1846 ;  representative  in  the  slate  legislature 
1848-1850;  moved  to  Cleveland,  Ohio,  in  1850; 
elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Thirty-seventh 
Congress  (March  4,  1861-March  3,  1863)  ;  con- 
sul at  Matanzas,  Cuba,  1863-1864;  returned  to 
Washington,  D.  C.,  and  resumed  the  practice  of 
law;  was  retained  by  the  State  Department  to 
aid  in  the  prosecution  of  John  H.  Surratt  for 
the  murder  of  President  Lincoln ;  law  officer  of 
the  District  of  Columbia  1877-1879;  died  in 
Washington,  D.  C.,  May  16,  1902. 

Riddle,  George  Read,  a  Senator  from  Dela- 
ware; 'born  in  New  Castle,  Del.,  in  1817;  pur- 
sued classical  studies;  studied  civil  engineering; 
several  years  engaged  in  the  construction  of 
railroads  and  canals ;  studied  law,  was  admitted 
to  the  bar  in  1848,  and  began  practice  in  Wil- 
mington, Del.,  in  1848;  commisioner  in  1849  to 
retrace  "  Mason  and  Dixon's  line ;"  delegate  to 
several  national  Democratic  conventions ;  elected 
as  a  Democrat  to  the  Thirty-second  and  Thirty- 
third  Congresses  (March  4, 1851-March  3, 1855)  ; 


defeated  for  reelection  to  the  Thirty-fourth  Con- 
gress ;  elected  to  the  United  States  Senate  to  fill 
vacancy  caused  by  the  resignation  of  James  A. 
Bayard  and  served  from  February  2,  1864,  until 
his  death  in  Washington,  D.  C.,  March  29,  1867. 

Riddle,  Haywood  Yancey,  a  Representative 
from  Tennessee;  born  in  Van  Buren,  Harde- 
man  county,  Tenn.,  June  20,  1834 ;  pursued 
classical  studies;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to 
the  bar,  and  in  1857  began  practice  in  Ripley, 
Miss. ;  moved  to  Smith  county,  Tenn.,  in  1858 ; 
served  in  the  Confederate  army ;  moved  to  Leb- 
anon, Tenn. ;  employed  in  the  county  clerk's  office 
for  five  years :  reappointed  for  six  years  in  1870, 
but  resigned;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the 
Forty-fourth  Congress  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by 
the  death  of  Samuel  M.  Fite;  reelected  to  the 
Forty-fifth  Congress,  and  served  from  January 
5,  1876,  to  March  3,  1879. 

Riddleberger,  Harrison  Holt,  a  Senator  from 
Virginia ;  born  in  Edinburg,  Shenandoah  county, 
Va.,  October  4,  1844;  attended  the  common 
schools ;  served  three  years  in  the  Confederate 
army  as  second  and  first  lieutenant  of  infantry 
and  as  captain  of  cavalry ;  returned  to  Edinburg 
and  became  editor  of  the  Tenth  Legion  Banner ; 
studied  law  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar ;  served 
as  commonwealth  attorney  of  his  county  1876- 
1880;  also  two  terms  of  two  years  each  in 
the  house  of  delegates  and  one  term  of  four 
years  in  the  state  senate;  editor  of  the  Shenan- 
doah Democrat  and  later  of  the  Virginian ;  mem- 
ber of  the  state  committee  of  the  Conservative 
party  until  1875;  presidential  elector  on  the 
Democratic  ticket  of  1876  and  on  the  Readjuster 
ticket  of  1880;  elected  as  a  Readjuster  to  the 
United  States  Senate  in  18S1  and  served  from 
March  4,  1883,  to  March  3,  1889 ;  died  in  Wood- 
stock, Va.,  January  24,  1890. 

Rider,  Ira  Edgar,  a  Representative  from  New 
York;  born  in  Jersey  City,  N.  J.,  November  17, 
1868 ;  attended  the  public  schools  in  city  of  New 
York,  the  College  of  the  City  of  New  York,  and 
was  graduated  from  the  St.  Lawrence  univer- 
sity ;  practiced  law  in  New  York  City ;  secretary 
of  the  borough  of  Manhattan  1898-1902 ;  elected 
to  the  Fifty-eighth  Congress  (March  4,  1903- 
March  3,  1905). 

Ridgely,  Edwin  Reed,  a  Representative  from 
Kansas;  born  near  Lancaster,  Wabash  county, 
111.,  May  9,  1844 ;  attended  district  school  during 
the  winter  months ;  in  1862  enlisted  as  a  private 
in  company  C,  one  hundred  and  fifteenth  Illinois 
volunteer  infantry  and  served  to  the  end  of  the 
war;  moved  to  Girard,  Kans.,  in  1869,  and  en- 
gaged in  general  merchandising :  lived  in  Ogden, 
Utah,  from  1889  to  1893;  left  the  Republican 
party  in  1876  because  of  its  financial  policy; 
elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Fifty-fifth  and 
Fifty-sixth  Congresses  (March  4,  1897-March  3, 
1901 )  ;  resumed  farming  near  Arma,  Kans. 

Ridgeley,  Henry  Moore,  a  Representative 
from  Delaware;  born  in  Dover,  Del.,  August  6, 
1779;  completed  preparatory  studies;  studied 
law  and  began  practice  in  Dover;  secretary  of 
state  of  Delaware  1817-1827;  elected  as  a  Fed- 
eralist to  the  Twelfth  and  Thirteenth  Con- 
gresses (March  4,  1811-March  3,  1815)  ;  elected 
to  the  United  States  Senate  to  fill  vacancy 
caused  by  the  death  of  Nicholas  Van  Dyke,  and 
served  from  January  12,  1827,  to  March  3,  1829 ; 
died  in  Dover,  Del.,  August  6,  1847. 


956 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 


Ridgely,  Richard,  a  Delegate  from  Maryland ; 
sat  in  the  Continental  Congress  1785-1786. 

Ridgway,  Joseph,  a  Representative  from 
Ohio;  born  on  Staten  Island,  New  York,  May 
6,  1783 ;  attended  the  public  schools ;  carpenter ; 
moved  to  Cayuga  county,  N.  Y.,  in  1811 ;  moved 
to  Columbus,  Ohio,  and  established  an  iron 
foundry ;  member  of  the  state  house  of  repre- 
sentatives 1828-1832;  elected  as  a  Whig  to  the 
Twenty-fifth,  Twenty-sixth,  and  Twenty-seventh 
Congresses  (March  4,  1837-March  3,  1843)  ;  died 
in  Columbus,  Ohio,  February  1,  1861. 

Ridgway,  Robert,  a  Representative  from  Vir- 
ginia ;  born  in  Virginia ;  pursued  classical 
studies:  claimed  to  have  been  elected  to  the 
Fortieth  Congress,  but  not  admitted  to  his  seat ; 
elected  as  a  Conservative  to  the  Forty-first  Con- 
gress; died  in  Cool  Well,  Va.,  October  17,  1869. 

Rife,  John  Winebrenner,  a  Representative 
from  Pennsylvania  ;  born  in  Middletown,  Dauphin 
county,  Pa.,  August  14,  1846;  attended  the  com- 
mon schools ;  learned  the  trade  of  tanner ;  served 
in  the  civil  war  as  a  member  of  the  one  hun- 
dred and  ninety-fourth  regiment  Pennsylvania 
volunteers;  member  of  the  house  of  representa- 
tives of  Pennsylvania,  188,5-1886;  president  of 
the  Middletown  and  Hummelstown  railroad  com- 
pany ;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Fifty-first 
and  Fifty-second  Congresses  (March  4,  1889- 
March  3,  1893)  ;  died  in  Middletown,  Pa.,  April 
17,  1908. 

Riggs,  James  Milton,  a  Representative  from 
Illinois;  born  in  Scott  county,  111.,  April  17, 
1839 ;  attended  common  school  and  college ; 
studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar  and  prac- 
ticed; elected  sheriff  of  Scott  county  in  Novem- 
ber, 1864,  and  served  two  years;  represented 
Scott  county  in  the  house  of  the  twenty-seventh 
general  assembly  of  Illinois,  1871-1872;  elected 
state  attorney  for  Scott  county  in  November, 
1872,  and  served  four  years ;  elected  as  a  Demo- 
crat to  the  Forty-eighth  and  Forty-ninth  Con- 
gresses (March  4,  1883-March  3,  1887)  ;  resumed 
the  practice  of  law  in  Winchester,  111. 

Riggs,  Jetur  Rose,  a  Representative  from 
New  Jersey ;  born  in  Morris  county,  N.  J.,  June 
20,  1809 ;  completed  preparatory  studies ;  studied 
medicine  and  was  graduated  from  the  New 
York  medical  college;  practiced  medicine;  mem- 
ber of  the  state  house  of  representatives  one 
term;  went  to  California  in  1849;  returned  to 
Paterson,  N.  J. ;  state  senator  1855-1858 ;  elected 
as  a  Republican  to  the  Thirty-sixth  Congress 
(March  4,  1859-March  3,  1861)  ;  died  in  Drakes- 
ville,  N.  J.,  November  5,  1869. 

Riggs,  Lewis,  a  Representative  from  New 
York ;  was  a  native  of  Cortland  county,  N.  Y. ; 
received  a  limited  schooling;  studied  medicine, 
was  licensed  to  practice,  and  practiced  in  Cort- 
land county;  held  various  local  offices;  elected 
as  a  Democrat  to  the  Twenty-seventh  Congress 
(March  4,  1841-March  3,  1843)  :  died  November 
6,  1870;  interment  in  Homer,  Cortland  county, 
N.  Y. 

Riker,  Samuel,  a  Representative  from  New 
York ;  born  on  Long  Island,  N.  Y.,  April  8,  1743 ; 
received  a  limited  schooling;  member  of  the 
Newtown  committee  of  correspondence  in  1774 ; 
lieutenant  of  light  horse  in  the  Revolution; 


member  of  the  state  house  of  representatives  in 
1784;  elected  to  the  Eighth  Congress  to  fill  va- 
cancy caused  by  the  resignation  of  John  Smith. 
and  served  from  November  5,  1804,  to  March  3, 
1805 ;  reelected  to  the  Tenth  Congress  ( March 
4,  1807-March  3,  1809)  ;  died  May  19,  1823. 

Rinaker,  John  Irving,  a  Representative  from 
Illinois ;  born  in  Baltimore,  Md..  November  1, 
1830;  moved  to  Springfield,  111.,  in  December, 
1836 ;  studied  in  the  Illinois  college  for  one  term 
and  then  went  to  McKendree  college,  Lebanon, 
111.,  and  was  graduated  in  1851 ;  studied  law, 
was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  located  in  Carlin- 
ville,  111. ;  served  in  the  Union  army ;  raised  and 
organized  the  one  hundred  and  twenty-second 
regiment  Illinois  volunteer  infantry  in  1862 ;  . 
colonel  September  4,  1862 ;  commanded  a  brigade 
in  the  sixteenth  corps  of  the  Army  of  the  Ten- 
nessee and  made  brevet  brigadier  general  for 
gallant  and  meritorious  service  in  the  field. 
March  13,  1865;  mustered  out  July  15,  1865; 
presidential  elector  on  the  Republican  ticket  in 
1872  and  1876;  delegate  to  the  Republican  na- 
tional conventions  of  1876  and  1884 ;  member  of 
the  board  of  railroad  and  warehouse  commis- 
sioners of  Illinois  1885-1889;  successfully  con- 
tested as  a  Republican  the  election  of  Finis  E. 
Downing  to  the  Fifty-fourth  Congress  and 
served  from  January  5,  1896  to  March  3,  1897 ; 
returned  to  Carlinville,  111.,  and  resumed  the 
practice  of  law. 

Ringgold,  Samuel,  a  Representative  from 
Maryland;  born  in  Chestertown,  Md.,  January 
15,  1770;  received  a  limited  schooling  under  a 
private  tutor ;  state  senator  for  several  years ; 
elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Eleventh  Con- 
gress to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  the  resignation 
of  Roger  Nelson,  and  to  the  Twelfth  and  Thir- 
teenth Congresses  (March  4,  1811-March  3, 
1815)  ;  and  to  the  Fifteenth  and  Sixteenth  Con- 
gresses (March  4,  1817-March  3,  1821)  ;  died 
in  Hagerstown,  Md.,  October  18,  1829. 

Riordan,  Daniel  Joseph,  a  Representative 
from  New  York ;  born  in  New  York  City,  July 
7,  1870;  attended  public  schools  until  1886, 
when  he  entered  Manhattan  college,  and  was 
graduated  in  1890 ;  engaged  in  the  real  estate 
business;  member  of  the  state  senate  in  1902 
and  1904;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Fifty- 
sixth  Congress  (March  4,  1899-March  3,  1901)  ; 
reelected  to  the  Fifty -ninth  Congress,  to  fill 
vacancy  caused  by  the  resignation  of  Timothy  D. 
Sullivan;  reelected  to  the  Sixtieth  and  Sixty- 
first  Congresses,  and  served  from  December  3, 
1906,  to  March  3,  1911.  Reelected  to  the  Sixty- 
second  Congress. 

Ripley,  Eleazar  Wheelock,  a  Representative 
from  Louisiana ;  born  in  Hanover,  N.  H.,  April 
15,  1782;  was  graduated  from  Dartmouth  col- 
lege in  1800 ;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the 
bar,  and  began  practice  in  Waterville,  Mass. 
(now  Maine)  ;  member  of  the  state  house  of 
representatives  in  1807  and  1811 :  speaker  the 
last  term;  moved  to  Portland,  Me.,  in  1812; 
state  senator;  served  in  the  war  of  1812;  lieu- 
tenant colonel  of  the  twenty-first  infantry 
March  12,  1812;  colonel  March  12,  1813;  briga- 
dier general  April  15,  1814 ;  brevet  major  gen- 
eral July  25,  1814,  "  for  gallant  conduct  in  the 
battle  of  Niagara  Falls,  Canada ;  presented  by 
resolution  of  Congress  of  date  November  3, 


BIOGEAPHIES. 


957 


1814,  a  gold  medal  with  suitable  emblems  and 
devices  in  testimony  of  the  high  sense  enter- 
tained by  Congress  of  his  gallantry  and  good 
conduct  in  the  several  conflicts  of  Chippewa, 
Niagara,  and  Erie  "  ;  resigned  February  1,  1820 ; 
located  in  Jackson,  La. ;  member  of  the  Louisi- 
ana state  senate;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the 
Twenty-fourth  and  Twenty-fifth  Congresses 
(March  4,  1835-March  3,  1839)  ;  died  in  West 
Feliciana,  La.,  March  29,  1839. 

Ripley,  James  Wheelock,  a  Representative 
from  Maine;  native  of  the  Maine  district  of 
Massachusetts ;  completed  preparatory  studies ; 
studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  be- 
gan practice  in  Fryeburg;  served  in  the  war  of 
1812 ;  member  of  the  state  house,  of  representa- 
tives 1814-1819;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the 
Nineteenth  Congress  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by 
the  resignation  of  Enoch  Lincoln,  and  reelected 
to  the  Twentieth  and  Twenty-first  Congresses, 
and  served  from  December  4,  1S2G,  to  March  12, 
1830,  when  he  resigned  on  account  of  ill  health ; 
appointed  collector  of  customs  for  Passama- 
quoddy  district  of  Maine;  died  in  Fryeburg. 
Me.,  June  17,  1835. 

Ripley,  Thomas  C.,  a  Representative  from 
New  York ;  born  in  Schaghticoke,  N.  Y. ;  received 
a  limited  schooling ;  elected  to  the  Twenty-ninth 
Congress,  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  the  death  of 
Richard  P.  Herrick,  and  served  from  December 
7,  1846,  to  March  3,  1847. 

Risley,  Elijah,  a  Representative  from  New 
York;  born  in  Connecticut  in  1780;  moved  to 
Chautauqua  county,  N.  Y. ;  completed  prepara- 
tory studies;  held  several  local  offices;  elected 
as  a  Whig  to  the  Thirty-first  Congress  (March 
4,  1849-March  3,  1851)  ;  died  in  Fredonia,  N.  Y., 
January  9,  1870. 

Ritchie,  Byron  Foster,  a  Representative  from 
Ohio ;  born  in  Grafton,  Ohio,  January  29,  1853 ; 
moved  to  Toledo  in  1860;  attended  the  public 
schools  of  that  city  and  was  graduated  from 
the  Toledo  high  school  in  1870;  studied  law,  was 
admitted  to  the  bar  in  1874 ;  elected  as  a  Demo- 
crat to  the  Fifty-third  Congress  (March  4,  1893- 
March  3,  1895). 

Ritchie,  David,  a  Representative  from  Penn- 
sylvania ;  born  in  Canonsburg,  Pa.,  August  19, 
1812;  was  graduated  from  Jefferson  college  in 
1829 ;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in 
1835,  and  began  practice  in  Pittsburgh;  elected 
as  a  Republican  to  the  Thirty-third,  Thirty- 
fourth,  and  Thirty-fifth  Congresses  (March  4, 
1853-March  3,  1859)  ;  county  judge  for  one  year ; 
died  in  Pittsburgh,  Pa.,  January  24,  1867. 

Ritchie,  James  Monroe,  a  Representative 
from  Ohio ;  born  in  Dunfermline,  Scotland,  July 
28,  1829;  came  to  the  United  States  in  1832; 
early  schooling  was  limited;  studied  law,  was 
admitted  to  the  bar,  and  practiced  in  Toledo; 
delegate  to  the  Republican  national  convention 
in  Chicago  in  1880;  elected  as  a  Republican  to 
the  Forty-seventh  Congress  (March  4,  1881- 
March  3.  1883)  ;  resumed  the  practice  of  law  in 
Toledo,.  Ohio. 

Ritchie,  John,  a  Representative  from  Mary- 
land ;  born  in  Frederick,  Md.,  August  12,  1831 ; 
completed  preparatory  studies;  studied  medi- 
cine ;  abandoned  it  for  law ;  was  admitted  to 


the  bar  and  began  practice  in  Frederick  in  1854 ; 
presidential  elector  on  the  Breckenridge  and 
Lane  ticket  in  1860 ;  elected  to  serve  four  years 
as  state  attorney  for  Frederick  county  in  1867; 
elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Forty-second  Con- 
gress (March  4,  1871-March  3,  1873)  ;  defeated 
for  reelection. 

Ritter,  Burwell  C.,  a  Representative  from 
Kentucky ;  born  in  Barren  county,  Ky.,  Janu- 
ary 6,  1810 ;  received  a  limited  schooling ;  served 
two  terms  in  the  state  house  of  representatives; 
elected  as  a  Conservative  to  the  Thirty-ninth 
Congress  (March  4,  1865-March  3,  1867). 

Ritter,  John,  a  Representative  from  Pennsyl- 
vania ;  born  in  Exeter,  Pa.,  February  6,  1779 ; 
received  a  limited  schooling ;  printer ;  member  of 
the  state  constitutional  convention  of  1836; 
elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Twenty-eighth  and 
Twenty-ninth  Congresses  (March  4,  1843-March 
3,  1847)  ;  died  in  Reading,  Pa.,  November  24, 
1851. 

Rivers,  Thomas,  a  Representative  from  Ten- 
nessee ;  native  of  Tennessee ;  received  a  limited 
schooling;  held  various  local  offices;  elected  as 
an  American  to  the  Thirty-fourth  Congress 
(March  4,  1855-March  3,  1857). 

Rives,  Francis  E.,  a  Representative  from 
Virginia ;  born  in  Virginia ;  completed  prepara- 
tory studies;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the 
Twenty-fifth  and  Twenty-sixth  Congresses 
(March  4,  1837-March  3,  1841)  ;  declined  a 
renomination ;  died  in  Littleton,  Va.,  November 
30,  1861. 

Rives,  William  Cabell,  a  Representative  and 
Senator  from  Virginia ;  born  in  Nelson  county, 
Va.,  May  4,  1793;  was  graduated  from  Wil- 
liam and  Mary  college  in  1809;  studied  law  un- 
der Thomas  Jefferson;  was  admitted  to  the  bar 
and  practiced  in  Nelson  county ;  delegate  to  the 
state  constitutional  convention  in  1816;  mem- 
ber of  the  state  house  of  delegates  1817-1819, 
and  1819  and  1822;  moved  to  Albemarle  county 
in  1821;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Eight- 
eenth, Nineteenth,  and  Twentieth  Congresses 
(March  4,  1823-March  3,  1829)  ;  minister  to 
France  1829-1832;  elected  to  the  United  States 
Senate  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  the  resignation 
of  Littleton  W.  Tazewell,  and  served  from  De- 
cember 10,  1832,  to  February  22,  1834,  when 
he  resigned;  again  elected  a  United  States  Sen- 
ator from  Virginia  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by 
the  resignation  of  John  Tyler;  reelected  and 
served  from  March  4,  1836,  to  March  3,  1845; 
again  minister  to  France  1849-1853;  served  as 
a  delegate  from  Virginia  to  the  Confederate 
Provisional  congress  in  Montgomery,  Ala.,  and 
Richmond,  Va.,  in  1861;  representative  from 
Virginia  to  the  second  Confederate  congress; 
died  near  Charlottesville,  Va.,  April  25,  1868. 

Rives,  Zeno  J.,  a  Representative  from  Illi- 
nois; born  in  Hancock  county,  Ind.,  February 
22,  1874;  moved  with  parents  to  Litchfield,  111., 
in  1880;  attended  the  city  schools;  studied  law, 
was  admitted  to  the  bar  October  12,  1901,  and 
practiced  in  Litchfield ;  appointed  city  clerk  in 
June,  1903;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the 
Fifty-ninth  Congress  (March  4.  1905-March  3, 
1907)  :  resumed  the  practice  of  law  in  Litch- 
field, 111. 


958 


CONGRESSIONAL   DIRECTORY. 


Rixey,  John  Franklin,  a  Representative  from 
Virginia ;  born  in  Culpeper  county,  Va.,  August 
1,  1854;  attended  the  common  schools,  Bethel 
academy,  and  the  University  of  Virginia ;  lawyer 
and  farmer ;  commonwealth  attorney  for  Cul- 
peper county  twelve  years;  elected  as  a  Demo- 
crat to  the  Fifty-fifth,  Fifty-sixth,  Fifty-seventh, 
Fifty-eighth,  and  Fifty-ninth  Congresses,  and 
served  from  March  4,  1897,  until  his  death  in 
Washington,  D.  C.,  February  8,  1907. 

Roach,  William  Nathaniel,  a  Senator  from 
North  Dakota;  born  in  Loudoun  county,  Va., 
September  25,  1840;  attended  the  city  schools 
and  Georgetown  college;  clerk  in  the  quarter- 
master's department  during  the  civil  war ; 
moved  to  Dakota  Territory  in  1879;  interested 
in  mail  contracts  for  several  years;  took  up  iand 
in  Dakota  and  engaged  in  agriculture;  mayor 
of  Larimore  1883-1887;  member  of  the  terri- 
torial legislature,  session  of  1885;  Democratic 
candidate  for  governor  at  the  first  state  election 
and  defeated ;  renominated  at  the  next  election 
and  again  defeated ;  elected  to  the  United  States 
Senate  and  served  from  March  4,  1893,  to  March 
3,  1899;  moved  to  New  York  City,  where  he 
died  September  7,  1902. 

Roane,  John,  a  Representative  from  Virginia  ; 
born  in  Uppowac,  King  William  county,  Va., 
February  9,  1766;  completed  preparatory 
studies;  presidential  elector  on  the  Washington 
ticket ;  member  of  the  state  house  of  representa- 
tives; delegate  to  the  state  constitutional  con- 
venion  1788;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Elev- 
enth, Twelfth,  and  Thirteenth  Cougresses 
(March  4,  1809-March  3,  1815)  ;  and  to  the 
Twentieth,  Twenty-first,  and  Twenty-second  Con- 
gresses (March  4,  1827-March  3,  1833)  ;  and  to 
the  Twenty-fourth  Congress  (March  4,  1835- 
March  3,  1837)  ;  died  at  his  residence  in  Up- 
powac, King  William  county,  Va.,  November  15, 
1838. 

Roane,  William  Harrison,  a  Representative 
and  a  Senator  from  Virginia;  born  in  Virginia 
in  1788 ;  completed  preparatory  studies ;  held 
various  local  offices ;  member  of  the  state  house 
of  delegates ;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Four- 
teenth Congress  (March  4,  1815-March  3,  1817)  ; 
elected  to  the  United  States  Senate  to  fill  va- 
cancy caused  by  the  resignation  of  Richard 
Parker,  and  served  from  March  14,  1837,  to 
March  3,  1841;  died  in  Tree  Hill,  near  Rich- 
mond, Va.,  May  11,  1845. 

Robb,  Edward,  a  Representative  from  Mis- 
souri ;  born  in  Brazeau,  Perry  county,  Mo., 
March  19,  1857 ;  attended  the  common  schools, 
Brazeau  academy,  Fruitland  normal  institute, 
and  the  Missouri  state  university ;  was  grad- 
uated from  the  law  department  of  the  Missouri 
state  university  in  March,  1879 ;  was  admitted 
to  the  bar  the  same  year,  and  located  in  prac- 
tice in  Perry ville ;  elected  prosecuting  attorney 
of  Perry  county  in  1880,  and  reelected  in  1882 ; 
elected  a  member  of  the  legislature  in  1884  and 
1886;  assistant  attorney-general  of  the  state, 
1889-1893;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Fifty- 
fifth,  Fifty-sixth,  Fifty-seventh,  and  Fifty-eighth 
Congresses  (March  4,  1897-March  3,  1905)  ; 
resumed  the  practice  of  law  in  Perryville,  Mo. 


Robbins,  Asher,  a  Senator  from  Rhode  Island ; 
born  in  Wethersfield,  Conn.,  October  20,  1757; 
tutor  in  Rhode  Island  college  (now  Brown  uni- 
versity) 1782-1790;  studied  law,  was  admitted 
to  the  bar,  and  began  practice  in  Providence; 
moved  to  Newport  in  1795;  appointed  United 
States  district  attorney  in  1812;  member  of  the 
state  assembly  1818-3825;  elected  as  a  Whig  to 
the  United  States  Senate,  to  fill  vacancy  caused 
by  the  resignation  of  James  De  Wolf;  reelected, 
serving  from  October  31,  1825,  to  March  3, 
1839;  again  member  of  the  state  assembly;  died 
in  Newport,  R.  I.,  February  25,  1845. 

Robbins,  Edward  Everett,  a  Representative 
from  Pennsylvania ;  born  in  Robbins  Station, 
Westmoreland  county,  Pa.,  September  27,  1862; 
attended  the  public  schools,  Indiana  normal 
school,  and  Eldersridge  academy;  was  graduated 
from  Washington  and  Jefferson  college  in  1881 ; 
registered  as  a  law  student  at  Greensburg  in  the 
same  year,  and  in  1882  entered  the  Columbia 
law  school  in  New  York ;  admitted  to  the  West- 
moreland bar  April  8,  1884,  and  engaged  in 
practice  in  Greensburg;  nominated  for  district 
attorney  in  1886;  elected  in  1888  to  the  state 
senate,  and  served  until  1892 ;  chairman  Republi- 
can county  committee  in  1885 ;  served  as  major 
of  volunteers  in  the  War  with  Spain  in  1898; 
elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Fifty-fifth  Con- 
gress (March  4,  1897-March  3,  1899). 

Robbins,  Gaston  Ahi,  a 'Representative  from 
Alabama  ;  born  in  Goldsboro,  N.  C.,  September  26, 
1858 ;  moved  to  Randolph  county.  N.  C. :  at- 
tended Trinity  college  and  was  graduated  from 
the  university  of  North  Carolina  in  1879 ; 
studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1880, 
and  entered  practice  in  Selma,  Ala. ;  presidential 
elector  on  the  Cleveland  and  Hendricks  ticket  in 
1884 ;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Fifty-third 
and  Fifty-fourth  Congresses,  and  served  from 
March  4,  1893,  to  March  13,  1896,  when  he  was 
succeeded  by  William  F.  Aldrich.  who  contested 
his  election ;  reelected  to  the  Fifty-sixth  Con- 
gress, and  served  from  March  4,  1899,  to  March 
8,  1900,  when  he  was  again  succeeded  by  Wil- 
liam F.  Aldrich,  who  contested  this  election. 

Robbins,  George  Robbins,  a  Representative 
from  New  Jersey ;  born  near  Allentown,  Mon- 
mouth  county,  N.  J.,  September  24.  1808;  was 
graduated  from  the  Jefferson  medical  college, 
Philadelphia,  in  1837;  practiced;  elected  as  a 
Whig  to  the  Thirty-fourth  and  Thirty-fifth  Con- 
gresses (March  4,  1855-March  3,  1859)  ;  died  in 
Hamilton  Square,  Mercer  county,  N.  J.,  Febru- 
ary 22,  1875. 

Robbins,  John,  a  Representative  from  Penn- 
sylvania ;  born  near  Lower  Dublin.  Montgom- 
ery county.  Pa.,  in  1808;  received  a  limited 
schooling ;  steel  manufacturer  at  Philadelphia ; 
elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Thirty-first,  Thirty- 
second,  and  Thirty-third  Congresses  (March  4, 
1849-March  3,  1855)  ;  declined  reelection; 
elected  to  the  Forty-fourth  Congress  (March  4, 
1875-March  3.  1877)  ;  died  in  Philadelphia,  Pa., 
April  27,  1880. 

Robbins,  William  M.,  a  Representative  from 
North  Carolina  ;  born  in  Randolph  county,  N.  C. ; 
pursued  classic  studies;  studied  law,  was  ad- 
mitted to  the  bar,  and  practiced;  officer  in  the 
Confederate  army;  served  in  the  North  Carolina 


BIOGRAPHIES. 


959 


state  senate  in  1868  and  1870 :  elected  as  a  Dem- 
ocrat to  the  Forty-third,  Forty-fourth,  and 
Forty-fifth  Congress  (March  4,  1873-March  3, 
1879). 

Roberdeau,  Daniel,  a  Delegate  from  Pennsyl- 
vania ;  born  on  the  island  of  St.  Christopher, 
West  Indies,  in  1727 ;  moved  to  Philadelphia, 
Pa.,  in  boyhood ;  completed  preparatory  studies ; 
engaged  in  the  lumber  business;  member  of  the 
state  assembly  1756-1760;  manager  of  the  Penn- 
sylvania hospital  1756-1758  and  1766-1776; 
member  of  the  council  of  safety ;  first  brigadier 
general  of  Pennsylvania  troops  in  1776 ;  elected 
Delegate  to  the  Continental  Congress  and  served 
from  1777  to  1779 ;  moved  to  Alexandria,  Va., 
in  1785 ;  died  in  Winchester,  Va.,  June  5,  1795. 

Roberts,  Anthony  Ellmaker,  a  Representa- 
tive from  Pennsylvania ;  born  in  Chester  county, 
Pa.,  October  29,  1803 ;  received  a  limited  school- 
ing ;  engaged  in  mercantile  business  in  New 
Holland;  moved  to  Lancaster,  Pa.;  sheriff  of 
Lancaster  county  1839-1842 ;  United  States  mar- 
shall  for  the  eastern  district  of  Pennsylvania 
1849-1853;  elected  as  a  Whig  to  the  Thirty- 
fourth  and  Thirty-fifth  Congresses  (March  4, 
1855-March  3,  1859)  ;  died  in  Lancaster,  Pa., 
January  25,  1885. 

Roberts,  Charles  B.,  a  Representative  from 
Maryland ;  born  in  Uniontown,  Md.,  April  19, 
1842;  was  graduated  from  Calvert  college,  New 
Windsor,  Md.,  1861 ;  studied  law ;  presidential 
elector  on  the  Seymour  ticket  in  1868;  elected 
as  a  Democrat  to  the  Forty-fifth  Congress 
(March  4.  1877-March  3,  1879)  ;  died  in  1899. 

Roberts,  Ellis  H.,  a  Representative  from 
New  York ;  born  in  Utica,  N.  Y.,  September  30, 
1827 ;  was  graduated  from  Yale  college  in  1850 ; 
became  editor  of  the  Utica  Morning  Herald  in 
1851;  delegate  to  the  national  Republican  con- 
vention of  1868;  member  of  the  state  assembly 
in  1867 ;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Forty- 
second  and  Forty-third  Congresses  (March  4, 
1871-March  3,  1875)  ;  defeated  for  reelection  to 
the  Forty-fourth  Congress ;  served  as  Treasurer 
of  the  United  States  for  several  years. 

Roberts,  Ernest  W.,  a  Representative  from 
Massachusetts;  born  in  East  Madison,  Me., 
November  22,  1858;  attended  the  public  schools 
of  Massachusetts  and  Highland  military  acad- 
emy, Worcester,  Mass.;  was  graduated  from 
Boston  University  l#w  school  and  was  admitted 
to  the  bar  in  1881 ;  member  of  the  city  council 
of  Chelsea  in  1887  and  1888;  member  of  the 
Massachusetts  house  of  representatives  of  1894, 
1895,  and  1896;  member  of  the  Massachusetts 
senate  1897  and  1898;  elected  as  a  Republican 
to  the  Fifty-sixth,  Fifty-seventh,  Fifty-eighth, 
Fifty-ninth,  Sixtieth,  and  Sixty-first  Congresses 
(March  4,  1899-March  3,  1911).  Reelected  to 
the  Sixty-second  Congress. 

Roberts,  Jonathan,  a  Representative  and  a 
Senator  from  Pennsylvania ;  born  in  Upper 
Merion,  Pa.,  August  16,  1771;  received  a  lim- 
ited schooling;  served  in  both  branches  of  the 
Pennsylvania  state  legislature;  elected  to  the 
Twelfth  and  Thirteenth  Congresses,  and  served 
from  March  4,  1811,  to  February  24,  1814,  when 
he  resigned;  elected  to  the  United  States  Sen- 
ate, to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  the  resignation  of 


Michael  Leib,  was  reelected,  and  served  from 
February  24,  1814,  to  March  3,  1821;  appointed 
collector  of  customs  at  the  port  of  Philadelphia 
by  President  Harrison;  removed  by  President 
Tyler ;  died  on  his  farm,  "  Robertsville,"  King 
of  Prussia,  Pa.,  July  21,  1854. 

Roberts,  Robert  W.,  a  Representative  from 
Mississippi;  native  of  Delaware;  received  a 
limited  schooling;  moved  to  Scott  county,  Miss., 
and  located  in  Hillsboro;  elected  as  a  Democrat 
to  the  Twenty-eighth  and  Twenty-ninth  Con- 
gresses (March  4,  1843-March  3,  1847). 

Roberts,  William  Randall,  a  Representative 
from  New  York;  born  in  Cork  county,  Ireland, 
February  6,  1830;  emigrated  to  the  United 
States  in  July,  1849;  received  a  limited  school- 
ing; merchant  in  New  York  City;  elected  as  a 
Democrat  to  the  Forty-second  and  Forty-third 
Congresses  (March  4,  1871-March  3,  1875)  ; 
appointed  minister  to  Chile  by  President  Cleve- 
land ;  died  in  New  York  City,  August  9,  1897. 

Robertson,  Edward  White,  a  Representative 
from  Louisiana ;  born  near  Nashville,  Davidson 
county,  Tenn.,  June  13,  1823;  moved  in  1825  to 
Iberville  parish,  La. ;  attended  the  country 
schools  and  the  preparatory  department  of 
Centenary  college,  Louisiana ;  entered  Augusta 
college,  Kentucky,  in  1842;  entered  the  Nash- 
ville university,  Tennessee ;  commenced  the 
study  of  law  in  1845;  served  in  the  war  with 
Mexico  in  1846  as  orderly  sergeant  of  the  sec- 
ond Louisiana  volunteers,  a  six  months'  regi- 
ment; member  of  the  state  house  of  representa- 
tives 1847-1849 ;  was  graduated  from  the  law  de- 
partment of  the  university  of  Louisiana  in 
1850 ;  practiced  in  Iberville  parish ;  again  elect- 
ed to  the  state  house  of  representatives  in  1853 ; 
state  auditor  of  public  accounts  in  1857-1862; 
entered  the  Confederate  service  in  March,  1862, 
as  captain  of  a  company  which  he  had  raised 
for  the  twenty-seventh  Louisiana  infantry; 
after  the  war  resumed  the  practice  of  law  in 
Baton  Rouge;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the 
Forty-fifth,  Forty-sixth,  and  Forty-seventh  Con- 
gresses (March  4,  1877-March  3,  1883)  ;  re- 
elected  to  the  Fiftieth  Congress,  and  served  from 
March  4,  1887,  until  his  death,  in  Baton  Rouge, 
La.,  August  2,  1887. 

Robertson,  George,  a  Representative  from 
Kentucky ;  born  in  Mercer  county,  Ky.,  Novem- 
ber 18,  1790;  was  graduated  from  Transylvania 
university ;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar 
in  1809,  and  began  practice  in  Lancaster,  Ky. ; 
held  various  local  offices;  elected  to  the  Fif- 
teenth and  Sixteenth  Congresses  (March  4, 
1817-March  3,  1821 )  ;  member  of  the  state  house 
of  representatives.  1822-1827,  serving  four  years 
as  speaker;  declined  the  appointments  of  gov- 
ernor of  Arkansas  territory  tendered  by  Presi- 
dent Monroe,  the  ministry  to  Colombia  in  1824, 
and  to  Peru  in  1828 ;  elected  state  secretary  of 
state  in  1828 ;  justice  of  the  court  of  appeals  of 
Kentucky  in  1829;  chief  justice,  1829-1834:  re- 
sumed the  practice  of  law  in  Lexington,  Ky. ; 
professor  of  law  in  Transylvania  university 
1834-1857;  member  state  legislature  1858,  and 
1851-1853  ;  justice  of  the  court  of  appeals  for  the 
second  Kentucky  district  1864-1871,  and  acting 
chief  justice  part  of  the  time ;  died  in  Lexington, 
Ky.,  May  16,  1874. 


960 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 


Robertson,  John,  a  Representative  from  Vir- 
ginia ;  born  at  "  Belfield,"  near  Petersburg,  Va., 
in  1787 ;  completed  preparatory  studies  and  was 
graduated  from  William  and  Mary  college; 
studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  prac- 
ticed in  Richmond,  Va. ;  attorney  general  of  Vir- 
ginia ;  elected  as  a  Whig  to  the  Twenty-third 
Congress  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  the  resigna- 
tion of  Andrew  Stevenson ;  reelected  to  the 
Twenty-fourth  and  Twenty-fifth  Congresses,  and 
served  from  December  8,  1834,  to  March  3, 1839 ; 
judge  of  the  circuit  court  of  Virginia  for  several 
years ;  died  at  "  Mount  Athos,"  near  Lynchburg, 
Va.,  July  5,  1873. 

Robertson,  Samuel  Matthews,  a  Representa- 
tive from  Louisiana ;  born  in  Plaquemine,  La.. 
January  1,  1852;  attended  the  Collegiate  insti- 
tute of  Baton  Rouge,  and  was  graduated  from 
the  Louisiana  state  university  in  1874 ;  com- 
pleted a  course  of  law  study  and  was  admitted 
to  practice  in  1877 ;  elected  a  member  of  the 
state  legislature  in  1879 ;  member  of  the  faculty 
of  the  Louisiana  state  university  and  Agricultural 
and  Mechanical  college  in  1880;  filled  the  chair 
of  natural  history  in  that  institution  and  the 
position  of  commandant  of  cadets;  elected  as  a 
Democrat  to  the  Fiftieth  Congress  to  fill  the 
vacancy  caused  by  the  death  of  his  father,  Ed- 
ward White  Robertson,  reelected  to  the  Fifty- 
first,  and  to  the  eight  succeeding  Congresses,  and 
served  from  December  5,  1887,  to  March  3,  1907 ; 
superintendent  of  the  Louisiana  school  for  the 
deaf  since  1908. 

Robertson,  Thomas  Austin,  a  Representative 
from  Kentucky;  born  in  Hodgensville,  Larue 
county,  Ky.,  September  9,  1848;  was  graduated 
from  Cecilian  college,  and  afterwards  from  the 
law  university  of  Louisville ;  served  one  term 
in  the  Kentucky  legislature;  several  times 
elected  commonwealth  attorney  of  the  eighteenth 
judicial  district;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the 
Forty-eighth  and  Forty-ninth  Congresses  (March 
4,  1883-March  3,  1887)  ;  died  in  Elizabethtown, 
Ky.,  July  18,  1892. 

Robertson,  Thomas  Boiling,  a  Representa- 
tive from  Louisiana;  born  at  Belfield,  near  Pe- 
tersburg, Va.,  in  1773 ;  was  graduated  from  Wil- 
liam and  Mary  college  in  1807 ;  studied  law,  was 
admitted  to  the  bar,  and  began  practice  in  Pe- 
tersburg; moved  to  Orleans  Territory  in  1805; 
attorney  general  of  the  territory;  secretary,  by 
appointment  of  President  Jefferson  and  by  reap- 
pointment,  1807-1811;  appointed  United  States 
district  judge  for  Louisiana ;  moved  to  New 
Orleans:  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Twelfth, 
Thirteenth,  Fourteenth,  and  Fifteenth  Con- 
gresses, and  served  from  March  4,  1812.  to  April 
20,  1818,  when  he  resigned;  governor  of  Loui- 
siana 1820-1824;  resigned  in  November,  1824; 
United  States  judge,  district  of  Louisiana,  1824- 
1827 ;  returned  to  Petersburg.  Va. ;  died  in  White 
Sulphur  Springs,  Va.,  November  5,  1828. 

Robertson,  Thomas  James,  a  Senator  from 
South  Carolina;  born  in  Fairfield  county,  S.  C., 
August  3,  1823;  was  graduated  from  South  Car- 
olina college  in  1843;  member  of  the  state  con- 
stitutional convention  of  1865 ;  elected  as  a  Re- 
publican to  the  United  States  Senate,  to  fill  va- 
cancy in  term  beginning  March  4,  1865 ;  reelected 
and  served  from  July  15,  1868,  to  March  3, 1877 ; 
died  in  Columbia,  S.  C.,  October  13,  1897. 


Robertson,  William.  Henry,  a  Representative 
from  New  York ;  born  in  Bedford,  N.  Y.,  Octo- 
ber 10,  1823;  completed  preparatory  studies; 
studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  prac- 
ticed; member  of  the  state  assembly  in  1849- 
1850;  state  senator  1854-1855;  judge  of  West- 
Chester  county,  N.  Y.,  for  twelve  years;  presi- 
dential elector  in  1860;  elected  as  a  Republican 
to  the  Fortieth  Congress  ( March  4. 1867-March  3, 
1869)  ;  again  a  state  senator;  collector  of  the  port 
of  New  York  by  appointment  of  President  Gar- 
field  and  on  account  of  which,  very  largely, 
Senators  Conkling  and  Platt  resigned  May  16, 
1881 ;  died  in  Katonah,  N.  Y.,  December  7,  1898. 

Robeson,  George  Maxwell,  a  Representative 
from  New  Jersey ;  born  in  Oxford,  N.  J.,  in 
1827 ;  pursued  an  academic  course  and  was 
graduated  from  Princeton  college  in  1847 ; 
studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1850, 
and  practiced  in  Newark,  and  afterwards  in 
Camden ;  appointed  prosecutor  of  the  pleas  for 
Camden  county  in  1858;  attorney  general  of 
New  Jersey  in  1867,  and  served  until  he  re- 
signed, June  22,  1869,  to  accept  the  position  of 
Secretary  of  the  Navy,  which  he  held  from  June 
25,  1869,  until  March  12,  1877 ;  resumed  the  prac- 
tice of  law  in  Camden,  N.  J. ;  elected  as  a  Re- 
publican to  the  Forty-sixth  and  Forty-seventh 
Congresses  (March  4,  1879-March  3,  1883)  ;  died 
in  Trenton,  N.  J.,  September  27,  1897. 

Robie,  Reuben,  a  Representative  from  New 
York ;  born  in  Corinth,  Orange  county,  Vt.,  July 
15,  1799 ;  moved  to  Bath,  Steuben  county,  N.  Y. ; 
held  various  local  offices;  elected  as  a  Democrat 
to  the  Thirty-second  Congress  (March  4,  1851- 
March  3,  1853)  ;  died  in  Bath,  N.  Y.,  January 
21,  1872. 

Robinson,  Christopher,  a  Representative  from 
Rhode  Island ;  born  in  Providence,  R.  I.,  May 
15,  1806 ;  was  graduated  from  Brown  university 
in  1825;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar, 
and  practiced ;  state  attorney  general  in  1854 ; 
elected  as  an  American  Republican  to  the  Thirty- 
sixth  Congress  (March  4,  1859-March  3,  1861)  ; 
defeated  for  the  Thirty-seventh  Congress ;  min- 
ister to  Peru  1861-1866;  delegate  from  Rhode 
Island  to  the  Loyalist  convention  held  in  Phila- 
delphia in  1866;  died  in  Woonsocket,  R.  I.,  Oc- 
tober 3,  1889. 

Robinson,  Edward,  a  Representative  from 
Maine;  born  in  Gushing,  Me.,  November  25, 
1796 ;  completed  preparatory  studies ;  merchant 
at  Thomaston,  Me. ;  served  two  years  in  the 
state  senate;  elected  as  a  Whig  to  the  Twenty- 
fifth  Congress,  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  the  death 
of  Jonathan  Cilley,  and  served  from  April  28, 
1838,  to  March  3,  1839;  presidential  elector  on 
the  Harrison  ticket  in  1840;  died  in  Thomaston, 
Me.,  February  20,  1857. 

Robinson,  George  Dexter,  a  Representative 
from  Massachusetts;  born  in  Lexington,  Mass., 
January  20,  1834 ;  attended  Lexington  academy 
and  Hopkins  classical  school,  Cambridge,  Mass.. 
and  was  graduated  from  Harvard  college  in 
1856;  principal  teacher  at  the  Chicopee  high 
school  1856-1865;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to 
the  bar  in  Cambridge,  Mass.,  in  1866,  and  com- 
menced practice  in  Chicopee,  Mass. ;  member  of 
the  general  court  of  Massachusetts  in  1874,  and 
of  the  state  senate  in  1876 ;  elected  as  a  Repub- 
lican to  the  Forty -fifth,  Forty-sixth,  Forty- 


BIOGKAPHIES. 


961 


seventh,  and  Forty-eighth  Congresses,  and 
served  from  March  4,  1877,  to  January  7,  1884, 
when  he  resigned ;  governor  of  Massachusetts 
1884-1887 ;  resumed  the  practice  of  his  profes- 
sion in  Springfield;  died  in  Chicopee,  Mass., 
February  22,  1896. 

Bobinson,  James  C.,  a  Representative  from 
Illinois;  born  in  Edgar  county,  111.,  in  1822; 
studied  law  and  was  admitted  to  practice  in 
1834 ;  served  as  a  private  in  the  Mexican  war ; 
elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Thirty-sixth, 
Thirty-seventh,  and  Thirty-eighth  Congresses 
(March  4,  1859-March  3,  1865)  ;  reelected  to 
the  Forty-second  and  Forty-third  Congresses 
(March  4,  1871-March  3,  1875). 

Bobinson,  James  McClellan,  a  Representa- 
tive from  Indiana ;  born  in  Allen  county,  near 
Fort  Wayne,  Ind.,  May  31,  1861;  attended  dis- 
trict and  public  schools ;  studied  law  and  was 
admitted  to  practice  in  the  state  and  United 
States  courts  in  1882;  prosecuting  attorney 
1886-1890;  defeated  in  1892  for  the  congres- 
sional nomination ;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to 
the  Fifty-fifth,  Fifty-sixth,  Fifty-seventh,  and 
Fifty-eighth  Congresses  (March  4,  1897-March 
3,  1905)  ;  resumed  the  practice  of  law  in  Fort 
Wayne,  Ind. 

Bobinson,  James  Sidney,  a  Representative 
from  Ohio ;  born  near  Mansfield,  Richland 
county,  Ohio,  October  14,  1827;  attended  the 
common  schools;  acquired  the  art  of  printing; 
moved  to  Kenton,  Ohio,  December  31,  1845; 
edited  and  published  the  Kenton  Republican ; 
chief  clerk  of  the  Ohio  house  of  representatives 
in  1856 ;  enlisted  in  company  G,  fourth  Ohio 
volunteer  infantry,  April  ]  7,  1861 ;  first  lieuten- 
ant April  18,  1861;  captain  May  4,  1861;  ap- 
pointed major  of  the  eighty-second  Ohio  volun- 
teer infantry  December  31,  1861 ;  lieutenant- 
colonel  April  9,  1862;  colonel  August  29,  1862; 
brevetted  a  brigadier-general  December  9,  1864 ; 
brigadier-general  January  12,  1865 ;  brevet  ma- 
jor-general March  13,  1865,  "  for  gallant  and 
meritorious  service  during  the  war  " ;  mustered 
out  August  31,  1865 ;  chairman  of  the  Repub- 
lican state  executive  committee  of  Ohio  1877- 
1879;  appointed  commissioner  of  railroads  and 
telegraphs  in  Ohio  in  January  1880;  elected  as 
a  Republican  to  the  Forty-seventh  and  Forty- 
eighth  Congresses,  and  served  from  March  4, 
1881,  to  January  12,  1885,  when  he  resigned; 
secretary  of  state  of  Ohio  1884-1888;  died  in 
Toledo,  Ohio,  January  14,  1892. 

Bobinson,  James  Wallace,  a  Representative 
from  Ohio ;  born  in  Darby,  Union  county,  Ohio, 
November  28,  1826 ;  was  graduated  from  Jeffer- 
son college  in  1848  and  the  Cincinnati  law 
school  in  1851 ;  practiced  in  Marysville,  Ohio ; 
served  three  terms  in  the  Ohio  state  legislature : 
elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Forty-third  Con- 
gress (March  4,  1873-March  3,  1875)  ;  defeated 
for  the  Forty -fourth  Congress;  died  in  Marys- 
ville, Ohio,  June  28,  1898. 

Bobinson,  John  Buchanan,  a  Representative 
from  Pennsylvania ;  born  in  Allegheny  City,  Pa., 
May  23,  1846;  was  graduated  from  the  United 
States  naval  academy  in  1868;  studied  law,  was 
admitted  to  the  bar,  and  practiced  in  Media, 
Pa. ;  elected  to  the  state  legislature  in  1884 ;  re- 
elected  in  1886 ;  and  to  the  state  senate  in  1889 ; 

50346°— S.  Doc.  654,  61-2 61 


elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Fifty-second, 
Fifty-third,  and  Fifty-fourth  Congresses  (March 
4,  1891-March  3,  1897)  ;  in  May,  1900,  appointed 
United  States  marshal  for  the  eastern  district 
of  Pennsylvania. 

Bobinson,  John  L.,  a  Representative  from 
Indiana;  a  native  of  Kentucky;  completed 
preparatory  studies;  moved  to  Rushville,  Ind.; 
elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Thirtieth,  Thirty- 
first,  and  Thirty-second  Congresses  (March  4, 
1847-March  3,  1853)  ;  appointed  United  States 
marshal  for  the  southern  district  of  Indiana  in 
1853 ;  held  the  position  until  his  death,  in  Rush- 
ville, Ind.,  March  21,  1860. 

Bobinson,  John  McCracken,  a  Senator  from 
Illinois;  born  in  Scott  county,  Ky.,  April  10, 
1794;  received  a  limited  schooling;  studied  law, 
was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  began  practice  in 
Carmi,  111.,  in  1818 ;  judge  of  the  state  supreme 
court;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  United 
States  Senate  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  the  death 
of  John  McLean ;  reelected  and  served  from  De- 
cember 11,  1830,  to  March  3,  1841;  died  in  Ot- 
tawa, 111.,  April  27,  1843;  interment  in  Carmi, 
111. 

Bobinson,  John  Seaton,  a  Representative 
from  Nebraska ;  born  in  Wheeling,  W.  Va.,  May 
4,  1856 ;  attended  the  public  schools ;  studied 
law  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar  by  the  supreme 
court  of  West  Virginia  in  1880 ;  located  in  Madi- 
son, Nebr.,  in  1884;  elected  county  attorney  of 
Madison  county  in  1886,  and  reelected  in  1890; 
elected  judge  of  the  ninth  judicial  district  of 
Nebraska  in  1893,  and  reelected  in  1895 ;  elected 
as  a  Democrat  to  the  Fifty-sixth  and  Fifty- 
seventh  Congresses  (March  4,  1899-March  3, 
1903)  ;  defeated  for  the  Fifty-eighth  Congress; 
died  in  Madison,  Nebr.,  May  25,  1903. 

Bobinson,  Jonathan,  a  Senator  from  Ver- 
mont; born  in  Hardwick,  Mass.,  August  24, 
1756 ;  received  a  limited  schooling ;  studied  law, 
was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1796,  and  began 
practice  in  Bennington,  Vt. ;  town  clerk  1795- 
1801 ;  member  of  the  state  legislature  1789- 
1802;  judge  of  the  Vermont  probate  court 
1795-1798,  and  1815-1819;  chief  justice  of  Ver- 
mont J801-1807;  elected  to  the  United  States 
Senate,  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  the  resignation 
of  Israel  Smith,  and  served  from  October  10, 
1807,  to  March  3,  1815 ;  again  a  member  of  the 
state  legislature  in  1818;  died  in  Bennington, 
Vt,  November  3,  1819. 

Bobinson,  Joseph  Taylor,  a  Representative 
from  Arkansas ;  born  August  26,  1872 ;  attended 
the  common  schools  and  the  University  of  Ar- 
kansas ;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar, 
and  began  practice  in  1895  in  Lonoke,  Ark. ; 
member  of  the  general  assembly  of  the  state  in 
1895 ;  presidential  elector  for  the  sixth  Con- 
gressional district  of  Arkansas  in  1900,  and  se- 
lected as  electoral  messenger ;  elected  as  a  Dem- 
ocrat to  the  Fifty-eighth,  Fifty-ninth,  Sixtieth, 
and  Sixty-first  Congresses  (March  4, 1903-March 
3,  1911).  Reelected  to  the  Sixty-second  <7o«- 
gress. 

Bobinson,  Milton  Stapp,  a  Representative 
from  Indiana ;  born  in  Versailles,  Ind.,  April  20, 
1832;  received  a  limited  schooling;  studied  law; 
was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  began  practice  in 
Anderson,  Ind.,  in  1851;  presidential  elector  on 


962 


CONGRESSIONAL   DIRECTORY. 


the  Republican  ticket  in  1856;  appointed  a  di- 
rector of  the  Michigan  City  prison  in  1861,  but 
resigned  after  a  few  months ;  entered  the  Union 
Army  in  September,  1861,  as  lieutenant-colonel 
of  the  forty-seventh  Indiana  volunteer  infantry 
December  13,  1861 ;  colonel  of  the  seventy-fifth 
Indiana  volunteer  infantry  October  29,  1862; 
brevet  brigadier-general  March  13,  1865,  "for 
gallant  and  meritorious  service  during  the  war"  ; 
resigned  March  29, 1864 ;  state  senator  1866-1870 ; 
delegate  to  the  national  Republican  convention 
in  Philadelphia  in  1872 ;  elected  as  a  Republican 
to  the  Forty-fourth  and  Forty-fifth  Congresses 
(March  4,  1875-March  3,  1879)  ;  appointed  to 
the  state  appellate  bench  in  March,  1891;  chief 
justice  at  the  time  of  his  death  in  Anderson, 
Ind.,  July  28,  1892. 

Robinson,  Moses,  a  Senator  from  Vermont; 
born  in  Hardwick,  Mass.,  March  15,  1741;  pur- 
sued classical  studies  in  Dartmouth  college; 
moved  to  Bennington,  Vt,  in  1761 ;  studied  law ; 
was  admitted  to  the  bar ;  practiced ;  chief 
justice  of  Vermont  in  1778;  governor  of  Ver- 
mont 1789-1790;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the 
United  States  Senate  and  served  from  October 
17,  1791,  to  October  15,  1796,  when  he  resigned; 
died  in  Bennington,  Vt.,  May  26,  1813. 

Robinson,  Orville,  a  Representative  from 
New  York;  born  in  Richfield,  Oswego  county, 
N.  Y.,  October  28,  1801;  completed  preparatory 
studies;  state  representative  in  1834,  1836,  and 
1837;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Twenty- 
eighth  Congress  (March  4,1843-March  3,1845); 
again  elected  a  member  of  the  state  legislature 
in  1856;  died  in  Oswego,  N.  Y.,  December  1, 
1882. 

Robinson,  Jr.,  Thomas,  a  Representative  from 
Delaware;  born  in  Georgetown,  'Sussex  county, 
Del.,  in  1800;  attended  common  schools  and 
was  graduated  from  Princeton ;  studied  law 
with  his  father,  Peter  Robinson,  and  was  ad- 
mitted to  the  bar  in  1823;  treasurer  of  Sussex 
county  in  1825;  law  court  commissioner  1831- 
1832;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Twenty- 
sixth  Congress  (March  4,  1839-March  3,  1841)  ; 
died  in  Georgetown,  Del.,  October  28,  1843. 

Robinson,  William  Erigena,  a  Representa- 
tive from  New  York ;  born  in  Unagh,  near 
Cookstown,  in  the  county  Tyrone,  Ireland,  May 
6,  1814;  attended  the  classical  school  in  Cooks- 
town,  and  Belfast  college  in  1834 ;  came  to  New 
York  City  in  November,  1836;  was  graduated 
from  Yale  college  in  1841 ;  connected  for  two 
years  with  the  Yale  law  school;  assistant  ed- 
itor of  the  New  York  Tribune  in  1843  and  its 
only  Washington  correspondent ;  also  wrote 
Washington  correspondence  for  the  Richmond 
(Va.)  Whig,  the  Boston  Atlas,  the  Louisville 
Journal,  and  other  papers;  admitted  to  the 
New  York  bar  in  1854 ;  practiced  law  in  New 
York  City;  appointed  by  President  Lincoln  as- 
sessor of  internal  revenue  for  the  third  district 
of  New  York  in  1862;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to 
the  Fortieth  Congress  (March  4,  1867-March  3. 
1869)  ;  reelected  to  the  Forty-seventh  and  Forty- 
eighth  Congresses  (March  4,  1881-March  3, 
1885)  ;  died  in  Brooklyn,  N.  Y.,  January  23, 
1892. 


Robison,  David  F.,  a  Representative  from 
Pennsylvania ;  native  of  that  state ;  received  a 
limited  schooling ;  elected  as  a  Whig  to  the 
Thirty-fourth  Congress  (March  4,  1855-March 
3,  1857). 

Rochester,  William  Beatty,  a  Representa- 
tive from  New  York ;  born  in  Hagerstown,  Md., 
January  29,  1789;  attended  public  schools,  and 
was  graduated  from  Charlotte  Hall,  St.  Mary's 
county,  Md. ;  was  aide-de-camp  to  General 
McClure  in  the  war  of  1812;  studied  law  and 
was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  began  practice  in 
Bath,  N.  Y. ;  member  of  the  state  legislature  in 
1818 ;  presidential  elector  in  1821 ;  elected  to  the 
Seventeenth  Congress  (March  4,  1821-March  3, 
1823)  ;  state  circuit  judge  from  April  21,  1823, 
until  1826,  when  he  resigned;  defeated  as  a 
candidate  for  governor ;  charge  d'affaires  to 
the  Federation  of  Central  America  in  1S27 ; 
located  in  Buffalo,  N.  Y.,  in  1828,  and  was  presi- 
dent of  the  branch  bank  of  the  United  States ; 
was  drowned  in  the  wreck  of  the  steamer 
Pulaski,  off  the  coast  of  North  Carolina,  June 
15,  1838. 

Rockhill,  William,  a  Representative  from 
Indiana ;  born  in  Burlington,  N.  J.,  February 
10,  1793 ;  received  a  limited  schooling ;  moved 
to  Fort  Wayne,  Ind. ;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to 
the  Thirtieth  Congress  (March  4,  1847-March 
3,  1849)  ;  died  in  Fort  Wayne,  Ind.,  January  15, 
1865. 

Rockwell,  Francis  Williams,  a  Representa- 
tive from  Massachusetts ;  born  in  Pittsfield, 
Mass.,  May  26,  1844;  attended  the  public  schools 
and  Edwards'  Place  school,  Stockbridge,  Mass. ; 
was  graduated  from  Amherst  college  in  1868 
and  from  the  Harvard  law  school  in  1871 ;  prac- 
ticed law  in  Pittsfield;  appointed  one  of  the  spe- 
cial justices  of  the  district  court  of  central 
Berkshire  in  1873,  resigning  in  1875;  elected  to 
the  Massachusetts  house  of  representatives  in 
1879,  and  to  the  senate  in  1881  and  1882 ;  elected 
as  a  Republican  to  the  Forty-eighth  Congress  to 
fill  a  vacancy  caused  by  .the  resignation  of 
George  D.  Robinson ;  reelected  to  the  Forty- 
ninth,  Fiftieth,  and  Fifty-first  Congresses,  and 
served  from  January  26,  1884,  to  March  3,  1891 ; 
resumed  the  practice  of  law  in  Pittsfield,  Mass. ; 
delegate  in  the  Republican  national  convention 
of  1900. 

Rockwell,  Hosea  Hunt,  a  Representative 
from  New  York ;  born  in  Laurenceville,  Tioga 
county,  Pa.,  May  31,  1840;  attended  the  com- 
mon schools;  served  as  private  in  the  Twenty- 
third  New  York  volunteers;  studied  law,  was 
admitted  to  the  bar  in  Elmira  in  1869;  member 
of  assembly  in  1877 ;  city  attorney  of  Elmira ; 
elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Fifty-second  Con- 
gress (March  4,  1891-March  3,  1893)  ;  resumed 
the  practice  of  law  in  Elmira,  N.  Y. 

Rockwell,  John  Arnold,  a  Representative 
from  Connecticut ;  born  in  Norwich,  Conn.,  Au- 
gust 27,  1803 ;  was  graduated  from  Yale  college 
in  1822 ;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar, 
and  practiced  in  Norwich ;  twice  elected  to  the 
state  senate ;  judge  of  the  county  court ;  elected 
as  a  Whig  to  the  Twenty-ninth  and  Thirtieth 
Congresses  (March  4,  1845-March  3,  1849)  ;  de- 
feated for  reelection ;  died  in  Washington,  D.  C., 
February  10,  1861. 


BIOGRAPHIES. 


963 


Bockwell,  Julius,  a  Representative  from 
Massachusetts ;  born  in  Colebrook,  Conn.,  April 
26,  1805;  was  graduated  from  Yale  college  in 
1826 ;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and 
began  practice  in  Pittsfield,  Mass.,  in  1830 ;  mem- 
ber of  the  general  court  of  Massachusetts  1834- 
1838,  and  served  three  years  as  speaker ;  state 
bank  commissioner  1838-1840 ;  elected  as  a  Whig 
to  the  Twenty-eighth,  Twenty-ninth,  Thirtieth, 
and  Thirty-first  Congresses  (March  4,  1843- 
March  3,  1851)  ;  delegate  to  the  state  constitu- 
tional convention  of  1853 ;  appointed  to  the 
United  States  Senate,  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by 
the  resignation  of  Edward  Everett,  and  served 
from  June  3,  1854,  to  January  31,  1855;  presi- 
dential elector  on  the  Fremont  ticket  in  1856 ; 
again  a  member  of  the  general  court  in  1858  and 
served  as  speaker ;  appointed  a  judge  of  the  su- 
perior court  of  Massachusetts  in  1859,  resigned 
in  1886 ;  died  in  Lenox,  Mass.,  May  19,  1888. 

Boddenbery,  Seaborn  Anderson,  a  Represent- 
ative from  Georgia ;  born  in  Decatur  county, 
Ga.,  January  12,  1870;  moved  to  Thomas  county 
in  early  childhood ;  attended  common  schools 
and  Mercer  University,  Macon,  Ga.,  for  three 
years ;  occupied  the  chair  of  language  and  mathe- 
matics in  South  Georgia  college  one  year ;  mem- 
ber of  the  Georgia  legislature  1892-1893,  and 
declined  reelection ;  studied  law,  and  was  admit- 
ted to  the  bar  in  October,  1894 ;  appointed  judge 
of  county  court,  Thomas  county,  in  1897  for  four 
years,  declined  reappointment ;  mayor  of  Thom- 
asville,  and  reelected  without  opposition  in  1905 ; 
president  of  the  board  of  education  of  Thomas 
county  for  four  years,  and  member  of  board  of 
trustees  of  Young's  Female  college  and  of  the 
Norman  institute;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the 
Sixty-first  Congress  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  the 
death  of  James  M.  Griggs,  and  served  from 
February  28,  1910,  to  March  3,  1911.  Reelected 
to  the  Si-wty-sccond  Congress. 

Bodenberg,  William,  A.,  a  Representative 
from  Illinois;  born  near  Chester,  Randolph 
county,  111.,  October  30,  1865 ;  attended  the  pub- 
lic schools  and  was  graduated  from  Central 
Wesleyan  college,  Warrenton,  Mo.,  in  1884 ;  en- 
gaged in  teaching  for  seven  years ;  attended  the 
St.  Louis  law  school,  and  was  admitted  to  the 
bar ;  a  delegate  to  the  Republican  national  con- 
ventions of  1896  and  1908 ;  elected  to  the  Fifty- 
sixth  Congress  (March  4,  1899-March  3,  1901)  ; 
appointed  a  member  of  the  United  States  civil 
service  commission  by  President  McKinley, 
March  25,  1901 ;  resigned  April  1,  1902,  in  order 
to  again  make  the  race  for  Congress;  elected 
as  a  Republican  to  the  Fifty-eighth,  Fifty-ninth, 
Sixtieth,  and  Sixty-first  Congresses  (March  4, 
1903-March  3,  1911).  Reelected  to  the  Sixty- 
second  Congress. 

Bodey,  Bernard  Shandon,  a  Delegate  from 
New  Mexico ;  born  in  County  Mayo,  Ireland, 
March  1,  1856;  emigrated  with  parents  to  Can- 
ada in  1862 ;  read  law  in  Boston,  Mass. ;  moved 
to  New  Mexico  in  the  spring  of  1881 ;  court 
stenographer  of  second  district  of  New  Mexico 
in  1882 ;  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1883,  and  prac- 
ticed in  Albuquerque;  city  attorney  1888-1889; 
member  of  the  territorial  legislative  council 
(senate)  in  1889;  member  of  the  constitutional 
convention  of  New  Mexico  in  1890;  elected  as  a 
Republican  Delegate  to  the  Fifty-seventh  and 
Fifty-ninth  Congresses  (March  4,  1901-March 


3,  1905)  ;  sole  judge  of  the  Federal  court  of 
Porto  Rico  1906-1910;  appointed  United  States 
attorney  for  the  second  division  of  Alaska  in 
July,  1910. 

Bodman,  William,  a  Representative  from 
Pennsylvania ;  born  in  Bensalem,  Pa.,  October  7, 
1757 ;  completed  preparatory  studies ;  served  in 
the  Revolutionary  war  and  commanded  a  com- 
pany during  the  whisky  insurrection ;  several 
years  a  member  of  the  state  legislature ;  elected 
to  the  Twelfth  Congress  (March  4,  1811-March 

3,  1813)  ;  died  in  Bensalem,  Pa.,  July  27,  1824. 

Bodney,  Caesar,  a  Delegate  from  Delaware; 
born  in  Dover,  Del.,  October  7,  1728;  completed 
preparatory  studies;  studied  law,  was  admitted 
to  the  bar,  and  practiced ;  high  sheriff  of  Kent 
county,  1755-1758;  justice  of  the  peace  and 
judge  of  all  lower  courts ;  captain  in  Kent 
county  militia  in  1756 ;  superintendent  of  the 
printing  of  Delaware  currency  in  1759 ;  mem- 
ber of  the  state  assembly  for  several  years; 
superintendent  of  the  loan  office  in  1769;  an 
Associate  justice  1769-1773;  Delegate  in  the 
Continental  Congress  1774-1776;  served  in  the 
Revolutionary  army;  again  elected  as  a  Dele- 
gate to  the  Continental  Congress,  1777-1778;  a 
•signer  of  the  Declaration  of  Independence;  re- 
elected,  but  before  taking  his  seat  elected  presi- 
dent of  Delaware,  1778-1782;  declined  a  reelec- 
tion ;  died  in  Dover,  Del.,  June  29,  1784. 

Bodney,  Ceesar  Augustus,  a  Representative 
from  Delaware;  born  in  Dover,  Del.,  January 

4,  1772 ;    completed    preparatory    studies    and 
was  graduated  from  the  university  of  Pennsyl- 
vania  in   1789;    studied  law,  was  admitted   to 
the    bar,    and    began    practice    in    Wilmington, 
Del.,   in   1793;    elected   as   a   Democrat   to   the 
Eighth    Congress     (March    4,     1803-March    3, 
1805)  ;  one  of  the  managers  to  conduct  the  im- 
peachment trial   of  Judge   Samuel   Chase;   ap- 
pointed Attorney-General  of  the  United  States 
by  President  Jefferson  and  continued  by  Presi- 
dent  Madison;   served  from  January  20,   1807, 
to  December  5,  1811,  when  he  resigned;  served 
in  the  war  of  1812 ;  member  of  Delaware  com- 
mittee of  safety  in  1813 ;  state  senator  in  1815 ; 
sent  to  South  America  by  President  Monroe  as 
one  of  the  commissioners  to  investigate  and  re- 
port on  the  propriety  of  recognizing  the  inde- 
pendence of   the    Spanish-American   Republics; 
elected  to  the  Seventeenth  Congress  and  served 
from  March  4,  1821,  to  January  24,  1822,  when 
he  resigned;  elected  to  the  United  States  Sen- 
ate, and  served  from  January  24,  1822,  to  Jan- 
uary 29,  1823,  when  he  resigned ;  appointed  min- 
ister plenipotentiary  to  Buenos  Aires;  died  in 
Buenos  Aires,  S.  A.,  June  10,  1824. 

Bodney,  Daniel,  a  Representative  and  a  Sen- 
ator from  Delaware;  born  in  Lewes,  Sussex 
county,  Del.,  September  10,  1764;  received  a 
limited  schooling;  presidential  elector  in  1809; 
governor  of  Delaware  1814-1817 ;  elected  to  the 
Seventeenth  Congress,  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by 
the  resignation  of  Caesar  A.  Rodney,  and  served 
from  December  2,  1822,  to  March  3,  1823;  ap- 
pointed to  the  United  States  Senate,  to  fill 
vacancy  caused  by  the  death  of  Nicholas  Van 
Dyke,  and  served  from  November  8,  1826,  to 
January  12,  1827;  died  in  Lewes,  Del.,  Septem- 
ber 2,  1846. 


964 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 


Rodney,  George  B.,  a  Representative  from 
Delaware;  born  in  New  Castle,  Del.,  in  1803; 
was  graduated  from  Princeton  college  in  1820; 
elected  as  a  Whig  to  the  Twenty-seventh  and 
Twenty-eighth  Congresses  (March  4,  1841- 
March  3,  1845)  ;  delegate  to  the  peace  congress 
in  Washington  in  1861;  died  in  New  Castle, 
Del.,  June  18,  1883. 

Rodney,  Thomas,  a  Delegate  from  Delaware; 
born  in  Sussex  county,  Del.,  June  4,  1744 ;  jus- 
tice of  the  peace  1770  and  1784 ;  member  of  the 
assembly  to  elect  delegates  in  1774;  member  of 
the  council  of  safety  in  1775;  colonel  of  Dela- 
ware militia  during  the  Revolutionary  war; 
Delegate  in  the  Continental  Congress  1781-1783 
and  1785-1787;  speaker  of  state  assembly  in 
1787 ;  superintendent  of  Kent  county  alms- 
house  in  1802;  appointed  United  States  judge 
for  Mississippi  Territory  in  1803;  died  in  Rod- 
ney, Miss.,  January  2,  1811. 

Rogers,  Andrew  J.,  a  Representative  from 
New  Jersey ;  born  in  Hamburg,  N.  J.,  July  1. 
1828;  completed  preparatory  studies;  studied 
law,  was'admitted  to  the  bar,  and  in  1852  began 
practice;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Thirty- 
eighth  and  Thirty -ninth  Congresses  (March  4, 
1863-March  3,  1867). 

Rogers,  Anthony  A.  C.,  a  Representative 
from  Arkansas;  born  in  Sumner  county,  Tenn., 
February  14,  1821 ;  received  a  limited  school- 
Ing  ;  moved  to  Arkansas  in  1854 ;  candidate  of 
the  Union  men  for  delegate  to  the  state  conven- 
tion in  1861 ;  earnestly  opposed  secession ;  ar- 
rested for  his  loyalty,  imprisoned,  and  forced 
to  give  bonds  to  answer  the  charge  of  "  treason 
against  the  Confederate  government ;  "  elected 
to  the  Thirty-eighth  Congress,  but  was  not  al- 
lowed to  take  his  seat,  his  State  not  having 
been  loyally  reconstructed ;  elected  as  a  people's 
candidate  to  the  Forty-first  Congress  (March  4, 
1869-March  3,  1871)  ;  defeated  as  a  Democratic 
candidate  for  reelection. 

Rogers,  Charles,  a  Representative  from  New 
York ;  born  in  Northumberland,  Saratoga 
county,  N.  Y.,  April  30,  1800 ;  completed  prepara- 
tory studies  at  Sandy  Hill ;  served  in  the  state 
house  of  representatives  in  1833-1837;  elected 
as  a  Whig  to  the  Twenty-eighth  Congress 
(March  4,  1843-March  3,  1845)  ;  died  in  Sandy 
Hill,  Washington  county,  N.  Y.,  January  13, 
1874. 

Rogers,  Edward,  a  Representative  from  New 
York;  born  in  Connecticut  in  1787;  completed 
preparatory  studies,  and  was  graduated  from 
Williams  College  in  1809;  studied  law  and  was 
admitted  to  the  bar  and  began  practice  in  Madi- 
son, N.  Y. ;  held  various  local  offices ;  elected  as 
a  Democrat  to  the  Twenty-sixth  Congress 
(March  4,  1839-March  3,  1841)  ;  died  in  Gal- 
way,  N.  Y.,  May  23,  1857. 

Rogers,  James,  a  Representative  from  South 
Carolina ;  native  of  South  Carolina ;  was  gradu- 
ated from  South  Carolina  college  in  1813;  stud- 
ied law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  began 
practice  in  Yorkville;  held  various  local  offices; 
elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Twenty-fourth 
Congress  (March  4,  1835-March  3,  1837)  ;  de- 
feated for  reelection ;  elected  to  the  Twenty- 
sixth  and  Twenty-seventh  Congresses  (March  4, 
1839-March  3,  1843). 


Rogers,  John,  a  Delegate  from  Maryland ;  na- 
tive of  Maryland;  received  a  liberal  schooling; 
was  a  member  of  the  committee  of  safety,  1774- 
1775;  trustee  of  the  Lower  Marlborough  acad- 
em  in  1775 ;  delegate  in  the  Continental  Con- 
gress, 1775-1776;  one  of  the  executive  council 
on  the  organization  of  the  state  government  in 
February,  1777 ;  chancellor  of  Maryland  from 
March  10,  1778,  until  his  death  in  Annapolis, 
Md.,  September  23,  1789. 

Rogers,  John,  a  Representative  from  New 
York;  born  in  Caldwell,  N.  Y.,  May  9,  1813: 
completed  preparatory  studies;  located  in  Black 
Brook,  Clinton  county,  and  was  for  many  years 
a  manufacturer  of  iron ;  was  supervisor  of  the 
town  of  Black  Brook  for  ten  years,  and  held 
other  local  offices ;  was  elected  as  a  Democrat  to 
the  Forty-second  Congress  (March  4,  1871- 
March  3,  1873)  ;  died  in  Fort  Edward,  N.  Y., 
May  11,  1879. 

Rogers,  John  Henry,  a  Representative  from 
Arkansas;  born  in  Bertie  county,  N.  C.,  October 
9,  1845 ;  moved  to  Mississippi  in  1852 ;  joined  the 
ninth  Mississippi  regiment  volunteers,  Confed- 
erate service,  as  a  private,  in  March,  1862;  pro- 
moted to  first  lieutenant  in  same  regiment,  and 
served  through  the  war ;  attended  Center  col- 
lege, Danville,  Ky.,  and  was  graduated  from 
the  University  of  Mississippi,  at  Oxford,  in 
1868;  admitted  to  practice  law  in  Canton,  Miss., 
in  1868;  moved  to  Fort  Smith,  Ark.,  in  1869; 
elected  circuit  judge  in  1877 ;  reelected  in  1878, 
and  resigned  in  May,  1882 ;  elected  as  a  Demo- 
crat to  the  Forty-eighth,  Forty-ninth,  Fiftieth, 
and  Fifty-first  Congresses  (March  4,  1883- 
March  3,  1891)  ;  declined  a  reelection  and  re- 
turned to  the  practice  of  law  in  Fort  Smith, 
Ark. ;  member  of  the  Democratic  state  conven- 
tion in  1892 ;  delegate  in  the  national  Demo- 
cratic convention  of  1892 ;  appointed  United 
States  district  judge  for  the  western  district  of 
Arkansas  by  President  Cleveland  in  November, 
1896 ;  died  in  Little  Rock,  Ark.,  April  17,  1911. 

Rogers,  Sion  Hart,  a  Representative  from 
North  Carolina ;  born  in  Wake  county,  N.  C., 
September  30,  1825;  was  graduated  from  North 
Carolina  university  in  1846 ;  studied  law,  was 
admitted  to  the  bar,  and  began  practice  in 
Raleigh ;  elected  as  a  Whig  to  the  Thirty-third 
Congress  (March  4.  1853-March  3,  1855)  : 
served  in  the  Confederate  army  as  a  lieutenant 
in  the  forty-seventh 'North  Carolina  regiment; 
was  attorney  general  of  the  state  in  1862  and 
1S65-1866;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Forty- 
second  Congress  (March  4,  1871-March  3. 
1873)  ;  defeated  for  reelection;  died  in  Raleigh, 
N.  C.,  August  14,  1874. 

Rogers,  Thomas  J.,  a  Representative  from 
Pennsylvania ;  born  in  Waterford,  Ireland,  in 
1781;  emigrated  to  the  United  States  in  1784 
and  located  first  with  parents  in  Easton,  Pa., 
and  acquired  the  art  of  printing;  elected  as  a 
Democrat  to  the  Fifteenth  Congress  to  fill  va- 
cancy caused  by  the  resignation  of  John  Ross; 
reelected  to  the  Sixteenth,  Seventeenth,  and 
Eighteenth  Congresses  and  served  from  March 
24,  1818,  to  April  20,  1824,  when  he  resigned;  ap- 
pointed register  and  recorder  of  deeds  for 
Northampton  county,  Pa. ;  trustee  of  Lafayette 
college.  1826-1832;  brigadier  general  in  the 
state  militia ;  United  States  naval  officer,  port 
of  Philadelphia;  died  in  New  York  City,  De- 
cember 7,  1832. 


BIOGKAPHIES. 


965 


Rogers,  William  Findlay,  a  Representative 
from  New  York ;  born  in  Forks  township,  near 
the  borough  of  Easton,  Pa.,  March  1,  1820;  at- 
tended common  schools ;  entered  a  printing  office 
in  Easton,  Pa. ;  foreman  in  the  office  of  the 
Buffalo  Daily  Courier;  served  in  the  Civil  war 
as  colonel  of  the  twenty-first  regiment,  New 
York  volunteers ;  mustered  out  in  1863 ;  ap- 
pointed commissioner  of  enrollment,  and  after- 
wards provost-marshal  of  the  thirty-second  dis- 
trict of  New  York;  comptroller  of  the  city  of 
Buffalo  in  1867,  and  mayor  in  1869;  secretary 
and  treasurer  of  the  park  commissioners  in 
1871;  nominated  for  the  state  senate  in  1878, 
but  declined ;  brevetted  brigadier-general 
United  States  volunteers  in  1865  for  "faithful 
and  meritorious  services ;  "  elected  as  a  Demo- 
crat to  the  Forty-eighth  Congress  (March  4. 
1883-March  3,  1885)  ;  superintendent  of  the  sol- 
diers and  sailors'  home  at  Bath,  N.  Y.,  1887- 
1897 ;  died  in  Buffalo,  N.  Y.,  December  16,  1899. 

Rollins,  Edward  Henry,  a  Senator  from  New 
Hampshire;  born  in  Somersworth  (Rollinsford), 
N.  EL,  October  3,  1824;  attended  academies  in 
Dover,  N.  H.,  and  South  Berwick,  Me. :  engaged 
in  mercantile  pursuits;  chairman  of  the  Re- 
publican state  committee  of  New  Hampshire  at 
its  organization,  and  for  many  succeeding  years ; 
member  of  the  state  legislature  1855-1857.  and 
served  the  last  two  years  as  speaker  of  the 
house;  chairman  of  the  New  Hampshire  dele- 
gation in  the  National  Republican  convention  in 
Chicago  in  1860,  which  nominated  Lincoln  and 
Hamlin;  elected  to  the  Thirty-seventh,  Thirty- 
eighth,  and  Thirty-ninth  Congresses  (March  4, 
1861-March  3,  1867)  ;  secretary  of  the  Union 
Pacific  railroad  company  in  May,  1869,  and 
treasurer  in  April,  1871,  resigning  those  posi- 
tions before  taking  his  seat  in  the  Senate;  elect- 
ed as  a  Republican  to  the  United  States  Senate, 
and  served  from  March  4,  1877,  to  March  3, 
1883;  died  in  Isle  of  Shoals,  New  Hampshire, 
July  31,  1889. 

Rollins,  James  Sidney,  a  Representative  from 
Missouri ;  born  in  Richmond,  Madison  county, 
Ky.,  April  19, 1812 ;  was  graduated  from  the  Uni- 
versity of  Indiana  in  1830 ;  studied  law,  was 
admitted  to  the  bar,  and  began  practice  in  Boone 
County,  Mo. ;  served  several  years  in  both 
branches  of  the  state  legislature;  defeated  as 
the  Whig  candidate  for  governor  in  1848  and 
1857;  elected  as  a  Conservative  to  the  Thirty- 
seventh  and  Thirty-eighth  Congresses  (March  4, 
1861-March  3,  1865)  ;  as  a  Whig  delegate  in  the 
Philadelphia  Union  convention  of  1866;  was 
styled  "  the  father  of  the  University  of  Mis- 
souri," and  was  for  twenty-five  years  one  of  its 
board  of  curators  and  for  sixteen  years  president 
of  the  board ;  died  in  Columbia,  Mo.,  January  9, 
1888. 

Roman,  J.  Dixon,  a  Representative  from 
Maryland ;  native  of  Maryland ;  received  a  thor- 
ough English  training;  studied  law,  was  ad- 
mitted to  the  bar,  and  began  practice  in  Hagers- 
town ;  president  of  the  Hagerstown  bank ;  elect- 
ed as  a  Whig  to  the  Thirtieth  Congress  (March 
4,  1847-March  3,  1849)  ;  presidential  elector  on 
the  Taylor  and  Fillmore  ticket  in  1849  and  on 
the  Buchanan  and  Breckinridge  ticket  in  1857; 
died  near  Hagerstown,  Md.,  January  19, 1867. 


Romeis,  Jacob,  a  Representative  from  Ohio ; 
born  in  Weisenbach,  Kingdom  of  Bavaria,  in 
Germany,  December  1,  1835 ;  attended  the  vil- 
lage schools  until  April,  1847,  when  he  came  with 
his  parents  to  America  ;  attended  the  public  and 
select  schools  of  Buffalo,  N.  Y. ;  engaged  in  ship- 
ping business  and  railroading;  located  in  To- 
ledo, Ohio ;  elected  to  the  board  of  aldermen  of 
the  city  of  Toledo  in  1874,  reelected  in  1876, 
and  president  of  the  board  in  1877;  elected 
mayor  in  1879,  1881,  and  1883 ;  elected  as  a  Re- 
publican to  the  Forty-ninth  and  Fiftieth  Con- 
gresses (March  4,  1885-March  3,  1889). 

Romero,  Trinidad,  a  Delegate  from  the  Terri- 
tory of  New  Mexico;  born  in  Santa  Fe,  N.  Mex., 
June  15,  1835 ;  attended  the  common  schools ; 
merchant ;  member  of  the  territorial  house  of 
representatives  in  1863;  probate  judge  of  San 
Miguel  county,  N.  Mex. ;  elected  as  a  Repub- 
lican to  the  Forty-fifth  Congress  (March  4, 
1877-March  3,  1879). 

Roosevelt,  James  John,  a  Representative  from 
New  York;  born  in  New  York  City  December 
14,  1795 ;  was  graduated  from  Columbia  college 
in  1815;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar 
in  1818,  and  began  practice  in  New  York  City; 
councilman ;  held  several  local  offices ;  member 
of  the  state  house  of  representatives  in  1835 
and  1840 ;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Twenty- 
seventh  Congress  (March  4,  1841-March  3, 
1843);  declined  a  reelection;  engaged  in  the 
cultivation  of  a  farm ;  elected  a  justice  of  the 
supreme  court  for  the  New  York  district  in 
1851  and  served  one  term  as  ex-officio  judge  of 
the  state  court  of  appeals  until  1859;  United 
States  attorney  for  the  district  of  New  York ; 
died  in  New  York  City  April  5,  1875. 

Roosevelt,  Robert  Barnwell,  a  Representa- 
tive from  New  York ;  born  in  New  York  City, 
August  7,  1829;  completed  preparatory  studies; 
studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  began 
practice  in  New  York  City ;  fish  commissioner 
of  the  state  of  New  York ;  edited  for  several 
years  the  New  York  Citizen ;  elected  as  a  Demo- 
crat to  the  Forty-second  Congress  (March  4, 
1871-March  3,  1873)  ;  was  minister  to  the  Hague 
by  appointment  of  President  Cleveland ;  died 
in  Saville,  N.  Y.,  June  14,  1906. 

Root,  Elihu,  a  Senator  from  New  York ;  born 
in  Clinton,  Oneida  county,  N.  Y.,  February  15, 
1845 ;  attended  common  schools  and  was  grad- 
uated from  Hamilton  college  in  1864 ;  taught  in 
the  Rome  academy  in  1865 ;  was  graduated  from 
the  law  school  of  the  University  of  the  City  of 
New  York  in  1867,  when  he  was  admitted  to  the 
bar ;  engaged  in  practice  in  the  city  of  New 
York ;  appointed  by  President  Arthur  in  March, 
1883,  United  States  attorney  for  the  southern 
district  of  New  York,  and  served  until  July, 
1885 ;  was  delegate  at  large  in  the  state  consti- 
tutional convention  in  1894,  and  chairman  of  the 
judiciary  committee;  member  of  the  commission 
on  Alaskan  boundary,  appointed  by  President 
Roosevelt;  appointed  Secretary  of  War  August 
1,  1899,  and  retired  January  31,  1904 ;  appointed 
Secretary  of  State  July  7,  1905,  and  resigned 
January  22,  1909;  elected  to  the  United  States 
Senate  for  the  term  beginning  March  4,  1909; 
counsel  for  the  United  States  in  the  North  At- 
lantic fisheries  arbitration  at  The  Hague  in 
1910;  chairman  of  the  Republican  National  con- 
vention in  Chicago  in  1912. 


966 


CONGRESSIONAL   DIRECTORY. 


Root,  Erastus,  a  Representative  from  New 
York;  born  in  Hebron,  Conn.,  March  16,  177?.; 
was  graduated  from  Dartmouth  college  in  1793 ; 
studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1796,  and 
began  practice  in  Delhi,  N.  Y. ;  member  of  the 
state  assembly  1798-1802 ;  elected  as  a  Democrat 
to  the  Eighth  Congress  (March  4,  1803-March 

3,  1805)  ;    reelected   to   the   Eleventh   Congress 
(March    4,    1809-March    3,    1811)  ;    state    sen- 
ator   1812-1815;     elected     to     the     Fourteenth 
Congress  and  was  seated  after  a  contest  of  the 
election    of   John   Adams   December   13,    1815; 
served  to  March  3,  1817 ;  again  a  member  of  the 
state    assembly    1818-1822;    elected    lieutenant- 
governor  in  1822  and  defeated  for  reelection  in 
1823;  again  a  member  of  the  state  assembly  in 
in  1830 ;  elected  to  the  Twenty-second  .Congress 
(March  4,  1831-March  3,  1833)  ;  defeated  as  the 
Whig  candidate  to  the  Twenty-sixth-  Congress ; 
major-general   of  militia;    again   state  senator 
1840-1844;   died  in  New  York  City  December 
24,  1846. 

Root,  Jesse,  a  Delegate  from  Connecticut; 
born  in  Coventry,  Conn.,  December  28,  1736; 
was  graduated  from  Princeton  in  1756 ;  studied 
theology  in  Andover  and  preached  for  several 
years;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar, 
and  in  1763  began  practice  in  Hartford,  Conn. ; 
captain,  lieutenant-colonel,  and  adjutant-general 
in  the  Revolutionary  army ;  Delegate  in  the 
Continetal  Congress  1778-1783;  state  attorney 
1785-1789;  appointed  a  judge  of  the  superior 
court  in  1789  and  its  chief  justice  in  1796-1807, 
when  he  resigned ;  member  of  the  state  house  of 
representatives;  died  in  Coventry,  Conn.,  March 
29,  1822. 

Root,  Joseph  Mosley,  a  Representative  from 
Ohio;  born  in  Brutus,  N.  Y.,  October  7,  1817; 
pursued  classical  studies;  studied  law,  was  ad- 
mitted to  the  bar,  and  in  1829  began  practice  in 
Norwalk,  Ohio ;  held  various  local  offices ;  mem- 
ber of  the  state  senate  in  1840;  elected  as  a 
Whig  to  the  Twenty-ninth,  Thirtieth,  and 
Thirty -first  Congresses  (March  4,  1845-March  3, 
1851)  ;  died  in  Sandusky,  Ohio,  April  7,  1879. 

Roots,  Logan  Holt,  a  Representative  from 
Arkansas;  born  in  Perry  county,  111.,  March 
26,  1841;  completed  preparatory  studies  and 
was  graduated  from  the  Illinois  state  normal 
university  in  1862 ;  assisted  in  recruiting  the 
eighty-first  Illinois  volunteers;  served  in  various 
responsible  positions  in  the  army  until  the  close 
of  the  war;  settled  in  Arkansas  and  engaged  in 
planting  and  trading ;  elected  as  a  Republican  to 
the  Fortieth  and  Forty-first  Congresses  (March 

4,  1867-March  3,  1871)  ;  defeated  for  reelection; 
died  in  Little  Rock,  Ark.,  May  30,  1893. 

Rose,  Robert  L.,  a  Representative  from  New 
York ;  born  in  Geneva,  N.  Y.,  October  12,  1804 ; 
received  a  limited  schooling,  and  engaged  in 
farming;  held  several  local  offices;  elected  as  a 
Clay  Democrat  to  the  Thirtieth  and  Thirty- 
first  Congresses  (March  4,  1847-March  3,  1851). 

Rose,  Robert  Selden,  a  Representative  from 
New  York ;  born  in  Henrico  county,  Va.,  in  1772 ; 
attended  the  common  schools;  removed  to  Ge- 
neva, N.  Y. ;  member  of  the  state  house  of  rep- 
resentatives in  1811,  1820,  and  1821;  elected  to 
the  Eighteenth  and  Nineteenth  Congresses 
(March  4,  1823-March  3,  1827);  reelected  to 


the  Twenty-first  Congress  (March  4,  1829- 
March  3,  1831)  ;  died  in  Waterloo,  N.  Y.,  No- 
vember 24,  1835. 

Rosecrans,  William  Starke,  a  Representative 
from  California ;  born  in  Kingston,  Ohio,  Sep- 
tember 6,  1819 ;  attended  the  United  States  mili- 
tary academy  at  West  Point  and  was  graduated 
July  1,  1842 ;  brevet  second  lieutenant  United 
States  corps  of  engineers  July  1,  1842 ;  second 
lieutenant  April  3,  1843 ;  first  lieutenant  March 
3,  1853 ;  volunteer  aide  de  camp  and  colonel  en- 
gineers of  Ohio  volunteers  from  April  23  to 
June  12,  1861;  colonel  of  the  twenty-third  Ohio 
infantry  June  12  to  June  17,  1861;  brigadier- 
general  May  16,  1861 ;  major-general  March  21, 
1862;  by  resolution  of  March  3,  1863,  received 
the  thanks  of  Congress  "  for  distinguished  gal- 
lantry and  good  conduct  at  the  battle  of  Mur- 
freesboro,  Tenn " ;  brevet  major-general  March 
13,  1865,  "  for  gallant  and  distinguished  service 
at  the  battle  of  Stone  River,  Tenn.";  resigned 
March  28,  1867 ;  brigadier-general  February  27, 
1889,  and  retired  March  1,  1889  (act  of  Feb- 
ruary 27,  1889)  ;  located  in  California;  declined 
the  offer  of  the  directorship  of  the  branch  mint 
in  1867 ;  United  States  minister  to  Mexico  1868- 
1869 ;  and  the  Democratic  nominee  for  gov- 
ernor of  California ;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to 
the  Forty-seventh  and  Forty-eighth  Congresses 
(March  4,  1881-March  3,  1885)  ;  Register  of  the 
Treasury  1S85-1S93 ;  died  near  Redondo.  Los 
Angeles  county,  Cal.,  March  11,  1898. 

Ross,  David,  a  Delegate  from  Maryland ; 
born  in  Maryland  about  1750;  sat  in  the  Conti- 
nental Congress  1786-1787. 

Ross,  Edmund  Gibson,  a  Senator  from  Kan- 
sas; born  in  Ashland,  Ohio,  December  7,  1826; 
received  a  limited  schooling;  apprenticed  to  a 
printer ;  moved  to  Milwaukee.  Wis.,  and  was 
employed  in  the  office  of  the  Milwaukee  Senti- 
nel four  years;  moved  to  Kansas  in  1856  and 
became  editor  of  the  Kansas  Tribune ;  member 
of  the  state  constitutional  convention  in  1859 ; 
entered  the  Union  Army  as  a  private  and  at- 
tained the  rank  of  major;  appointed  as  a  Re- 
publican to  the  United  States  Senate,  to  fill 
vacancy  caused  by  the  death  of  James  H.  Lane ; 
was  subsequently  elected,  and  served  from  July 
19,  1866,  to  March  3,  1871;  defeated  as  the 
Democratic  candidate  for  governor  in  1880;  re- 
moved to  New  Mexico  in  1882;  appointed  gov- 
ernor of  the  territory  by  President  Cleveland  in 
May.  1885 ;  died  in  Albuquerque,  N.  Mex.,  May 
8,  1907. 

Ross,  George,  a  Delegate  from  Pennsylvania ; 
born  in  New  Castle,  Del.,  in  1730;  completed 
preparatory  studies;  studied  law,  was  admitted 
to  the  bar  in  1751,  and  began  practice  in  Lan- 
caster. Pa. ;  member  of  the  colonial  assembly 
1768-1776 ;  elected  a  Delegate  to  the  Continental 
Congress  1774-1777 ;  signer  of  the  Declaration 
of  Independence ;  member  of  the  convention  of 
Pennsylvania ;  appointed  in  April,  1779,  judge 
of  the  court  of  admiralty  for  Pennsylvania ; 
died  in  Lancaster,  Pa.,  July  16,  1779. 

Ross,  Henry  Howard,  a  Representative  from 
New  York ;  born  in  Essex,  Essex  county,  N.  Y., 
May  9,  1790;  was  graduated  from  Columbia 
college.  New  York,  in  1808 ;  studied  law,  was 
admitted  to  the  bar,  and  began  practice  in 


BIOGEAPHIES. 


967 


Essex,  N.  Y. ;  adjutant  011  the  staff  of  Gen.  John 
E.  Wool  at  the  battle  of  Plattsburg,  September 
11,  1814;  elected  as  a  Whig  to  the  Nineteenth 
Congress  (March  4,  1825-March  3,  1827)  ; 
county  judge  of  Essex  county  in  1847-1848 ; 
presidential  elector  on  the  Taylor  and  Fillmore 
ticket  in  1848;  died  in  Essex,  N.  Y.,  September 
14,  1862. 

Boss,  James,  a  Senator  from  Pennsylvania ; 
born  in  York  county.  Pa.,  July  12,  1762;  com- 
pleted preparatory  studies  and  taught  school ; 
studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1784, 
and  began  practice  in  Washington,  Pa. ;  re- 
moved to  •  Pittsburgh  in  1795 ;  delegate  to  the 
state  constitutional  convention  of  1789-1790: 
elected  as  a  Federalist  to  the  United  States 
Senate,  to  fill  the  vacancy  caused  by  the  Senate 
declaring  the  election  of  Albert  Gallatin  void ; 
reelected,  and  served  from  April  24,  1794,  to 
March  3,  1803 ;  was  defeated  for  governor  in 
1799,  1801,  and  in  1808;  died  near  Pittsburgh. 
Pa.,  November  27,  1847. 

Boss,  John,  a  Representative  from  Pennsyl- 
vania ;  born  in  Solebury,  Bucks  county,  Pa., 
February  24,  1770 ;  studied  law  in  West  Chester, 
Pa.,  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1792,  and  en- 
gaged in  practice  in  Easton.  Pa. ;  member  of 
the  state  legislature  in  1800;  elected  to  the 
Eleventh  Congress  (March  4,  1809-March  3, 
1811)  ;  reelected  to  the  Fourteenth  and  Fifteenth 
Congresses,  and  served  from  March  4,  1815,  to 
February  24,  1818,  when  he  resigned  to  become 
president- judge  of  the  seventh  judicial  district; 
transferred  to  the  state  supreme  court  bench  in 
1830,  and  served  until  his  death,  in  Easton,  Pa., 
January  31,  1834. 

Boss,  Jonathan,  a  Senator  from  Vermont ; 
born  in  Waterford,  Vt,  April  30,  1826 ;  attended 
the  public  schools,  St.  Johnsbury  academy,  and 
was  graduated  from  Dartmouth  college  in  1851 ; 
was  principal  of  the  Chelsea  and  Craftsbury 
academies  1851-1856;  read  law,  and  was  ad- 
mitted to  the  bar  in  January,  1856 ;  returned  to 
St.  Johnsbury  and  practiced  until  1870;  state 
attorney  for  Caledonia  county  1862-1863;  rep- 
resented St.  Johnsbury  in  the  lower  house  of 
the  legislature  1865,  1866,  and  1867,  and  in  1870 
elected  to  the  senate;  judge  of  the  supreme 
court  of  Vermont  1870-1890 ;  chief  justice  1890- 
1899 ;  appointed  to  the  United  States  Senate,  to 
fill  vacancy  caused  by  the  death  of  Justin  S. 
Morrill,  and.  served  from  January  11,  1889,  to 
October  18,  1900;  chairman  board  of  state  rail- 
road commissioners  1900-1902;  died  in  St. 
Johnsbury,  Vt,  February  23,  1905. 

Boss,  Lewis  Winans,  a  Representative  from 
Illinois;  born  in  Seneca  county,  N.  Y.,  Decem- 
ber 8,  1812;  moved  to  Illinois;  completed  pre- 
paratory studies,  and  attended  Illinois  college 
in  1837;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar, 
and  practiced  in  Lewistown,  111. ;  member  of 
the  state  legislature  in  1840,  1841,  1844,  and 
1845;  presidential  elector  in  1848;  member  of 
the  state  constitutional  conventions  of  1861  and 
1870 ;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Thirty- 
eighth,  Thirty-ninth,  and  Fortieth  Congresses 
(March  4,  1863-March  3,  1869)  ;  died  in  Lewis- 
town,  111.,  October  29,  1895. 

Boss,  Miles,  a  Representative  from  New  Jer- 
sey ;  born  in  Raritan  township,  Middlesex 
county,  N.  J.,  April  30,  1827;  received  a  prac- 


tical English  training;  engaged  in  the  vessel 
business ;  filled  many  local  offices ;  for  two  years 
a  member  of  the  state  assembly;  elected  as  a 
Democrat  to  the  Forty-fourth,  Forty-fifth, 
Forty-sixth,  and  Forty-seventh  Congresses 
(March  4,  1875-March  3,  1883)  ;  died  in  New 
Brunswick,  N.  J.,  February  22,  1903. 

Boss,  Sobieski,  a  Representative  from  Penn- 
sylvania ;  born  in  Coudersport,  Pa.,  May  16, 
1828;  completed  preparatory  studies;  civil  en- 
gineer, and  engaged  also  in  farming;  elected 
as  a  Republican  to  the  Forty-third  and  Forty- 
fourth  Congresses  (March  4,  1873-March  3, 
1877)  ;  died  in  Coudersport,  Pa.,  October  25, 
1877. 

Boss,  Thomas,  a  Representative  from  Penn- 
sylvania ;  native  of  Pennsylvania ;  was  gradu- 
ated from  Princeton  college  in  1823;  elected  as 
a  Democrat  to  the  Thirty-first  and  Thirty-sec- 
ond Congresses  (March  4,  1849-March  3,  1853). 

Boss,  Thomas  Bandolph,  a  Representative 
from  Ohio ;  born  in  New  Garden  township, 
Chester  county.  Pa.,  October  26,  1788;  com- 
pleted preparatory  studies;  studied  law,  was 
admitted  to  the  bar,  and  began  practice  in 
Lebanon.  Ohio,  in  1810 ;  elected  to  the  Sixteenth, 
Seventeenth,  and  Eighteenth  Congresses  (March 
4,  1819-March  3,  1825)  ;  lost  his  eyesight  in 
1866 ;  died  on  his  farm  near  Lebanon,  Ohio, 
June  28,  1869. 

Bothermel,  John  H.,  a  Representative  from 
Pennsylvania ;  born  in  Richmond  township, 
Berks  county,  Pa.,  March  7,  1856;  attended  the 
common  schools  and  pursued  an  academic 
course;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar 
August  20,  1881,  and  engaged  in  practice  in 
Reading.  Pa. ;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Six- 
tieth and  Sixty-first  Congresses  (March  4,  1907- 
March  3,  1911).  Reelected  to  the  Sixty-second 
Congress. 

Bothwell,  Gideon  F.,  a  Representative  from 
Missouri ;  born  in  Callaway  county,  Mo.,  in  1836 ; 
was  graduated  from  the  University  of  the  State 
of  Missouri ;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the 
bar,  and  practiced  in  Moberiy,  Mo. ;  elected  as  a 
Democrat  to  the  Forty-sixth  Congress  (March 
4,  1879-March  3,  1881)  ;  resumed  the  practice  of 
law  in  Moberiy,  Mo. ;  presidential  elector  on  the 
Democratic  ticket  in  1884;  appointed  in  1889 
member  of  the  board  of  curators  of  the  Univer- 
sity of  Missouri,  of  which  board  he  was  presi- 
dent 1890-1894;  died  in  Moberiy,  Mo.,  January 
18,  1894. 

Bousseau,  Lovell  Hillary,  a  Representative 
from  Kentucky;  born  near  Stanford,  Ky..  Au- 
gust 4,  1818;  received  a  limited  schooling; 
studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  in 
1841  began  practice  in  Bloomfield,  Ind. ;  member 
of  the  state  house  of  representatives  1844-1845 ; 
captain  in  the  Mexican  war;  served  in  the  In- 
diana state  senate;  returned  to  Kentucky  and 
resumed  law  practice  in  Louisville;  member  of 
the  Kentucky  state  senate;  served  in  the  Union 
army;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Thirty- 
ninth  Congress,  and  served  from  March  4,  1865, 
to  July  21,  1866,  when  he  resigned,  after  having 
made  an  assault  upon  Representative  Grinnell, 
of  Iowa,  in  the  capitol ;  subsequently  reelected, 
and  took  his  seat  December  3,  1866,  and  served 
until  March  3.  1867;  appointed  brigadier  gen- 


968 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 


eral  in  the  Regular  Army  and  assigned  to  duty 
in  Alaska ;  while  visiting  friends  in  New  Or- 
leans, before  starting,  his  conduct  led  General 
Sheridan,  who  was  in  command  then,  to  make 
complaint  against  him ;  returned  from  Alaska 
to  testify  in  the  impeachment  trial,  and  was  him- 
self assigned  to  the  command  from  which  Sheri- 
dan was  removed;  died  in  New  Orleans,  La., 
January  7,  1869. 

Rowan,  John,  a  Representative  and  a  Senator 
from  Kentucky ;  born  in  York  county,  Pa.,  July 
12,  1773;  moved  to  Louisville,  Ky. ;  received  a 
thorough  classical  training;  studied  law,  was 
admitted  to  the  bar,  and  practiced  in  Louis- 
ville; secretary  of  the  state  of  Kentucky  in 
1804 ;  elected  to  the  Tenth  Congress,  and  served 
from  January  9,  1809,  to  March  3,  1809;  judge 
of  the  court  of  appeals  in  1819 ;  elected  to  the 
United  States  Senate,  and  served  from  Novem- 
ber 10,  1825,  to  March  3,  1831;  died  in  Louis- 
ville, Ky.,  July  13,  1843. 

,  Howe,  Peter,  a  Representative  from  New 
York ;  born  in  Crescent,  N.  Y.,  March  10,  1807 ; 
completed  preparatory  studies;  elected  as  a 
Democrat  to  the  Thirty-third  Congress  (March 
4,  1853-March  3,  1855)  ;  died  in  Schenectady, 
N.  Y.,  April  17,  1876. 

Rowell,  Jonathan  Harvey,  a  Representative 
from  Illinois ;  born  in  Haverhill,  N.  H.,  Febru- 
ary 10,  1833;  was  graduated  from  Eureka  col- 
lege, Illinois,  and  the  law  department  of  the  Uni- 
versity of  Chicago ;  was  admitted  to  the  bar, 
and  practiced  in  Bloomington,  111. ;  state  attor- 
ney of  the  eighth  judicial  circuit  of  Illinois 
1868-1872;  presidential  elector  on  the  Garfield 
and  Arthur  ticket  in  1880 ;  served  three  years  as 
a  company  officer  in  the  seventeenth  Illinois  in- 
fantry; elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Forty- 
eighth,  Forty-ninth,  Fiftieth,  and  Fifty-first 
Congresses  (March  4,  1885-March  3,  1891)  ;  re- 
sumed the  practice  of  law ;  died  in  Bloomington, 
111.,  May  15,  1908. 

Rowland,  Alfred,  a  Representative  from 
North  Carolina ;  born  in  Lumberton,  Robeson 
county,  N.  C.,  February  9,  1844;  attended  the 
common  schools;  entered  the  Confederate  army 
in  May,  1861,  and  served  as  a  lieutenant  in 
company  D,  eighteenth  regiment  of  North  Caro- 
lina state  troops  until  May  12,  1864;  captured 
in  battle  of  Spotsylvania  Court-House  and  im- 
prisoned at  Fort  Delaware  until  June,  1865; 
studied  law  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in 
January,  1867 ;  register  of  deeds  for  Robeson 
county  in  1867 ;  member  of  the  general  assembly 
of  North  Carolina  1876-1877  and  1880-1881; 
Cleveland  and  Hendricks  elector  in  1884  ;  elected 
as  a  Democrat  to  the  Fiftieth  and  Fifty-first 
Congresses  (March  4,  1887-March  3,  1891)  ; 
died  in  Lumberton,  Robeson  county,  N.  C.,  Au- 
gust 2,  1898. 

Royce,  Homer  Elihu,  a  Representative  from 
Vermont;  born  in  East  Berkshire,  Vt,  June  14, 
1820;  attended  the  academies  of  St.  Albans  and 
Enosburg,  Vt. ;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the 
bar,  and  in  1842  began  practice  in  Berkshire, 
Vt. ;  member  of  the  state  house  of  representa- 
tives 1846-1847 ;  state  prosecuting  attorney  in 
1848;  state  senator  1849-1851,  1861,  and  1868; 
elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Thirty-fifth 
and  Thirty-sixth  Congresses  (March  4,  1857- 


March  3,  1861)  ;  elected  associate  justice  of  the 
supreme  court  of  Vermont  in  1870;  appointed 
chief  justice  in  1882;  resigned  in  1890;  died  in 
St.  Albans,  Vt.,  April  24,  1891. 

Royse,  Lemuel  W.,  a  Representative  from 
Indiana ;  born  in  Kosciusco  county,  Ind.,  Janu- 
ary 19,  1848;  attended  common  schools;  read 
law  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1874  and 
engaged  in  practice  in  Warsaw,  Ind.;  elected 
prosecuting  attorney  for  the  thirty-third  judicial 
circuit  of  Indiana  in  1876 ;  mayor  of  the  city  of 
Warsaw  1885-1891 ;  Republican  elector  in  1884 ; 
member  of  the  Republican  state  central  com- 
mittee 1886-1890;  delegate  to  the  Minneapolis 
convention  which  nominated  Harrison  for  his 
second  term  in  1892 ;  elected  as  a  Republican  to 
the  Fifty-fourth  and  Fifty-fifth  Congresses 
(March  4,  1895-March  3,  1899)  ;  resumed  the 
practice  of  law  in  Warsaw,  Ind. 

Rucker,  Atterson  Walden,  a  Representative 
from  Colorado ;  born  in  Harrodsburg,  Mercer 
county,  Ky.,  April  3,  1847 ;  attended  the  com- 
mon schools  of  Kentucky  and  Missouri;  served 
four  years  in  the  Confederate  army;  was  ad- 
mitted to  the  bar  in  Lexington,  Mo.,  and  prac- 
ticed law  in  the  courts  of  Missouri  and  Kansas 
before  moving  to  Colorado  in  1879 ;  served  upon 
the  bench  (court  of  record)  in  Lake  county, 
Colo.;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Sixty-first 
Congress  (March  4,  1909-March  3,  1911).  Re- 
elected  to  the  Si&ty-second  Congress. 

Rucker,  William  Waller,  a  Representative 
from  Missouri ;  born  near  Covington,  Va.,  Feb- 
ruary 1,  1855 ;  moved  with  parents  to  western 
Virginia  in  1861 ;  attended  the  common  schools ; 
moved  to  Chariton  county,  Mo.,  in  1873;  engaged 
in  teaching  district  schools;  continued  the  study 
of  law  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1876; 
prosecuting  attorney  of  Chariton  county  1886- 
1892;  judge  of  the  twelfth  circuit  1892-1899; 
elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Fifty-sixth,  Fifty- 
seventh,  Fifty-eighth,  Fifty-ninth,  Sixtieth,  and 
Sixty-first  Congresses  (March  4,  1899-March  3, 
1911).  Reelected  to  the  Sixty-second  Congress. 

Ruffin,  Thomas,  a  Representative  from  North 
Carolina ;  native  of  Edgecombe  county,  N.  C. ; 
was  graduated  from  Chapel  Hill  university ; 
studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  be- 
gan practice  in  Goldsboro ;  circuit  attorney  1844- 
1848 ;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Thirty-third, 
Thirty-fourth,  Thirty-fifth,  and  Thirty-sixth  Con- 
gresses (March  4,  1853-March  3,  1861)  ;  retired 
from  the  House  on  the  secession  of  North  Caro- 
lina ;  delegate  to  the  Confederate  provisional 
congress  in  Richmond  in  July,  1861 ;  served  in 
the  Confederate  army  as  colonel  of  the  first 
North  Carolina  cavalry;  died  while  a  prisoner 
of  war  in  Alexandria,  Va.,  October  17,  1863. 

Rug-gles,  Benjamin,  a  Senator  from  Ohio; 
born  in  Wyndham  county,  Conn.,  in  1783 ;  com- 
pleted preparatory  studies ;  studied  law,  was 
admitted  to  the  bar,  and  began  practice  in  Mari- 
etta, Ohio ;  moved  to  St.  Clairsville,  Ohio ;  presi- 
dent judge  of  the  court  of  common  pleas  for  the 
third  judicial  circuit,  1810-1815;  elected  as  a 
Democrat  to  the  United  States  Senate  and  twice 
reelected ;  served  from  March  4,  1815,  to  March 
3,  1833;  presidential  elector  on  the  Harrison 
ticket  in  1836;  died  in  St.  Clairsville,  Ohio, 
September  2,  1857. 


BIOGKAPHIES. 


969 


Buggies,  Charles  Herman,  a  Representative 
from  New  York;  bora  in  New  Milford,  Conn., 
February  10,  1789;  completed  preparatory 
studies ;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar, 
and  began  practice  in  Kingston,  N.  Y. ;  member 
of  the  state  assembly  in  1820;  elected  to  the 
Seventeenth  Congress  (March  4,  1821-March  3, 
1823)  ;  circuit  judge  and  vice  chancellor  of  the 
second  judicial  district  of  New  York,  1833-1846 ; 
moved  to  Poughkeepsie,  N.  Y. ;  member  state 
constitutional  convention  of  1846;  judge  of  the 
Dutchess  county  court;  again  elected  a  member 
of  the  state  assembly;  judge  of  the  court  of  ap- 
peals, 1847-1855;  died  in  Poughkeepsie,  N.  Y., 
June  16,  1865. 

Buggies,  John,  a  Senator  from  Maine;  born 
in  Westboro,  Mass.,  October  8,  1789 ;  was  gradu- 
ated from  Brown  university  in  1813;  studied 
law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  practiced  in 
Skowhegan,  Me.,  1815-1817;  moved  to  Thomas- 
ton  in  1818 ;  member  of  the  state  house  of  repre- 
sentatives, 1823-1831,  and  its  speaker  1825-1829 
and  1831 ;  judge  of  the  court  of  common  pleas, 
1831-1834 ;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  United 
States  Senate  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  the  resig- 
nation of  Peleg  Sprague,  and  served  from  Janu- 
ary 20,  1835,  to  March  3,  1841 ;  died  in  Thomas- 
ton,  Me.,  June  20,  1874. 

Buggies,  Nathaniel,  a  Representative  from 
Massachusetts ;  born  in  Roxbury,  Mass.,  No- 
vember 11,  1761 ;  was  graduated  from  Harvard 
college  in  1781 ;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to 
the  bar,  and  practiced  in  Roxbury,  Mass.,  ap- 
pointed judge  of  the  general  sessions  in  1807; 
chief  justice  in  1808 ;  was  elected  as  a  Federalist 
to  the  Thirteenth,  Fourteenth,  and  Fifteenth  Con- 
gresses (March  4,  1813-March  3,  1819;  died  in 
Roxbury,  Mass.,  December  19,  1819. 

Bumple,  John  Nicholas  William,  a  Repre- 
sentative from  Iowa ;  born  near  Fostoria,  Ohio, 
March  4,  1841 ;  attended  public  schools,  after- 
wards Western  college,  Iowa,  and  the  Iowa 
state  university ;  enlisted  in  company  H,  second 
Iowa  cavalry,  August,  1861,  and  remained  in  the 
army  until  October,  1865;  mustered  out  as  cap- 
tain ;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in 
February,  1867,  and  entered  practice  in  Ma- 
rengo,  Iowa ;  member  of  the  state  senate  and 
of  the  board  of  regents  of  the  state  university 
for  six  years,  also  curator  of  the  state  historical 
society ;  member  of  city  council,  mayor,  solici- 
tor, member  of  school  board;  elected  as  a  Re- 
publican to  the  Fifty-seventh  Congress  and 
served  from  March  4,  1901,  until  his  death  in 
Chicago,  111.,  January  31,  1903. 

Bumsey,  Benjamin,  a  Delegate  from  Mary- 
land ;  barn  in  Bohemia  Manor,  Cecil  county, 
Md.,  in  1730;  member  of  the  Maryland  conven- 
tion of  December  29,  1775 ;  member  of  the  Coun- 
cil of  Safety  of  1776 ;  a  Delegate  in  the  Conti- 
nental Congress,  1776-1778. 

Bumsey,  David,  a  Representative  from  New 
York ;  born  in  Salem,  Washington  county,  N.  Y., 
December  25,  1810 ;  received  a  limited  school- 
ing; studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in 
1831,  and  practiced  for  several  years  in  Bath, 
N.  Y. ;  surrogate  of  Steuben  county  1840-1844; 
held  many  local  offices;  elected  as  a  Whig  to 
the  Thirtieth  and  Thirty-first  Congresses  (March 
4,  1847-March  3,  1851)  ;  delegate  in  the  state 
constitutional  convention  of  1867;  member  of 


the  commission  to  propose  amendments  to  the 
state  constitution  in  1872;  appointed  justice  of 
the  state  supreme  court,  to  fill  a  vacancy,  in 
1873;  elected  to  the  office  in  the  fall  of  the 
same  year ;  died  in  Bath,  N.  Y.,  March  12,  1883. 

Bumsey,  Edward,  a  Representative  from 
Kentucky ;  native  of  that  state ;  completed  pre- 
paratory studies;  held  several  local  offices; 
elected  as  a  Whig  to  the  Twenty-fifth  Congress 
(March  4,  1837-March  3,  1839). 

Bunk,  John,  a  Representative  from  New  Jer- 
sey; native  of  that  state;  completed  prepara- 
tory studies;  presidential  elector  on  the  Harri- 
son and  Tyler  ticket  in  1840 ;  elected  as  a  Whig 
to  the  Twenty-ninth  Congress  (March  4,  1845- 
March  3,  1847). 

Buppert,  Jacob,  jr.,  a  Representative  from 
New  York;  born  in  the  city  of  New  York,  Au- 
gust 5,  1867;  attended  the  Columbia  grammar 
school ;  engaged  in  the  brewing  business ;  mem- 
ber of  the  seventh  regiment,  National  guard  of 
New  York,  before  his  appointment  as  aid-de- 
camp, with  the  rank  of  colonel,  on  the  staff  of 
Governor  Hill,  and  subsequently  as  senior  aid 
on  the  staff  of  Governor  Flower;  elected  as  a 
Democrat  to  the  Fifty-sixth,  Fifty-seventh, 
Fifty-eighth,  and  Fifty-ninth  Congresses  (March 
4,  1899-March  3,  1907). 

Bush,  Benjamin,  a  Delegate  from  Pennsyl- 
vania ;  born  near  Philadelphia,  Pa.,  December 
24,  1745;  was  graduated  from  Princeton  college 
in  1760 ;  studied  medicine  in  Philadelphia,  Edin- 
burgh, London,  and  Paris;  began  practice  in 
Philadelphia  in  August,  1769;  held  several  pro- 
fessorships in  the  Philadelphia  medical  college; 
sat  in  the  Continental  Congress  1776-1777;  a 
signer  of  the  Declaration  of  Independence;  en- 
tered the  Revolutionary  army  as  surgeon-gen- 
eral of  the  middle  department  in  April,  1777 ; 
made  physician-general  in  July,  1777;  resigned 
in  February,  1778;  delegate  to  the  state  consti- 
tutional convention  which  adopted  the  Federal 
Constitution;  planned  the  Philadelphia  dispen- 
sary in  1785;  treasurer  of  the  United  States 
mint  at  Philadelphia  from  1799  until  his  death, 
in  that  city,  April  19,  1813. 

Busk,  Harry  Welles,  a  Representative  from 
Maryland ;  born  in  Baltimore,  Md.,  October  17, 
1852 ;  attended  the  private  schools,  and  was 
graduated  from  the  Baltimore  City  college  in 
1866,  and  from  the  Maryland  university  law 
school  in  1882;  admitted  to  the  bar  and  prac- 
ticed in  Baltimore;  six  years  a  member  of  the 
Maryland  house  of  delegates,  and  four  years  a 
member  of  the  Maryland  senate;  elected  as  a 
Democrat  to  the  Forty-ninth  Congress,  to  fill 
the  vacancy  caused  by  the  death  of  William  H. 
Cole ;  reelected  to  the  Fiftieth,  Fifty-first,  Fifty- 
second,  Fifty-third,  and  Fifty-fourth  Congresses, 
and  served  from  December  6,  1886,  to  March  3, 
1897 ;  resumed  the  practice  of  law  in  Balti- 
'more,  Md. 

Busk,  Jeremiah  McLain,  a  Representative 
from  Wisconsin ;  born  in  Morgan  county,  Ohio, 
June  17,  1830;  received  a  limited  schooling; 
moved  to  Vernon  county,  Wis.,  in  1853 ;  held 
various  local  offices ;  member  of  the  Wisconsin 
state  legislature  in  1862;  served  in  the  civil 
war ;  major  of  the  twenty-fifth  Wisconsin  vol- 
unteers August  14,  1862 ;  lieutenant-colonel  Sep- 


970 


CONGRESSIONAL   DIEECTOEY. 


tember  16,  1863;  brevet  colonel  and  brigadier- 
general  of  volunteers  March  13,  1865,  "  for  gal- 
lant and  meritorious  service  during  the  war ;  " 
mustered  out  June  7,  1865 ;  bank  comptroller  of 
Wisconsin  1866-1867,  and  again  elected  for 
1868-1869 ;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Forty- 
second,  Forty-third,  and  Forty-fourth  Con- 
gresses (March  4,  1871-March  3,  1877)  ;  de- 
clined ministry  to  Uruguay  and  Paraguay  ten- 
dered by  President  Garfield;  governor  of  Wis- 
consin 1882-1889;  Secretary  of  Agriculture 
March  5,  1889,  to  March  5,  1893;  died  in  Viro- 
qua,  Wis.,  November  21,  1893. 

Busk,  Thomas  Jefferson,  a  Senator  from 
Texas;  born  in  Camden,  S.  C.,  August  8,  1802; 
completed  preparatory  studies;  studied  law,  was 
admitted  to  the  bar,  and  began  practice  in 
Georgia;  moved  to  Nacogdoches,  Tex.,  in  1835; 
delegate  to  the  convention  which  declared  for 
the  independence  of  Texas,  March  2,  1836;  first 
secretary  of  war  of  the  new  republic;  at  the 
battle  of  San  Jacinto  took  command  of  the 
forces  after  General  Houston  was  wounded,  and 
retained  it  until  October,  1836,  when  he  re- 
sumed his  duties  as  secretary  of  war;  chief 
justice  of  the  supreme  court  of  Texas  1838- 
1842 ;  president  of  the  convention  that  confirmed 
the  annexation  of  Texas  to  the  United  States  in 
1845;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  United 
States  Senate;  reelected  and  served  from  Febru- 
ary 21,  1846,  until  his  death ;  was  elected  presi- 
dent pro  tempore  of  the  Senate  March  14,  1857, 
in  the  special  session  of  the  Senate;  died  in 
Nacogdoches,  Tex.,  July  29,  1857. 

Buss,  John,  a  Representative  from  Connecti- 
cut; born  in  Ipswich,  Mass.,  October  29,  1767; 
completed  preparatory  studies;  moved  to  Hart- 
ford, Conn.;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Six- 
teenth and  Seventeenth  Congresses  (March  4, 
1819-March  3,  1823)  ;  judge  of  the  Hartford 
probate  court  1824-1830;  died  in  Hartford, 
Conn.,  June  22,  1832. 

Bussell,  Benjamin  Edward,  a  Representative 
from  Georgia ;  born  in  Monticello,  Fla.,  October 
5,  1845 ;  moved  to  Decatur  county,  Ga.,  in  1854 ; 
attended  the  common  schools;  entered  the  Con- 
federate army  as  a  drummer  boy  in  the  first 
Georgia  regiment ;  upon  the  disbanding  of  this 
regiment,  immediately  enlisted  in  the  eighth 
Florida  regiment,  and  continued  with  it  the 
last  three  years  of  the  war  with  the  rank  of 
first  lieutenant ;  captured  at  the  battle  of  Sailors 
Creek,  Virginia,  April  6,  1865,  and  imprisoned 
at  Johnsons  Island.  Ohio,  until  all  of  the  Con- 
federate armies  had  surrendered;  entered  the 
printing  business ;  editor  of  the  Bainbridge,  Ga., 
Democrat;  delegate  to  the  state  constitutional 
convention  of  1877 ;  delegate  to  the  national 
Democratic  convention  of  1880;  mayor  of  Bain- 
bridge  in  1881-1882 ;  representative  in  the  legis- 
lature 1882-1883;  postmaster  of  Bainbridge 
1885-1890;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Fifty- 
third  and  Fifty-fourth  Congresses  (March  4, 
1893-March  3,  1897)  ;  resumed  the  publication 
of  the  Bainbridge  Democrat ;  died  in  Bainbridge, 
Ga.,  December  4,  1909. 

Bussell,  Charles  Addison,  a  Representative 
from  Connecticut;  born  in  Worcester,  Mass., 
March  2,  1852 ;  received  a  public  school  and  col- 
legiate education,  and  was  graduated  from  Yale 
college  in  1873;  city  editor  of  the  Worcester 


Press  1873-1879,  and  associate  editor  of  the 
Worcester  Spy  1879-1880;  engaged  in  the  manu- 
facture of  wool ;  member  of  the  house  of  the 
general  assembly  of  Connecticut  in  1883 ;  secre- 
tary of  state  of  Connecticut  1885-1886;  elected 
as  a  Republican  to  the  Fiftieth,  and  to  the  seven 
succeeding  Congresses  and  served  from  March  4, 
1889,  until  his  death;  nominated  for  the  Fifty- 
eighth  Congress,  but  died  before  the  election,  in 
Killingly,  Conn.,'  October  23,  1902. 

Bussell,  Daniel  Lindsay,  a  Representative 
from  North  Carolina ;  born  in  Belville,  Bruns- 
wick county,  N.  C.,  August  7,  1845 ;  attended  the 
Bingham  school  in  Orange  county,  N.  C.,  and 
the  university  at  Chapel  Hill ;  studied  law  and 
was  licensed  to  practice  in  June,  1866 ;  elected 
to  the  state  legislature  in  August,  1864,  and  re- 
elected  in  October,  1865;  elected  judge  of  the 
superior  courts  for  the  fourth  judicial  circuit 
in  April,  1868,  and  served  six  years;  elected 
in  1871  to  the  constitutional  convention  from  the 
county  of  Brunswick ;  again  elected  to  the  legis- 
lature in  November,  1876 ;  delegate  to  the  Re- 
publican convention  in  Cincinnati  in  1876 ;  Hayes 
elector  for  the  state  at  large  in  1876 ;  elected  as 
a  Nationalist  to  the  Forty-sixth  Congress 
(March  4,  1879-March  3,  1881)  ;  elected  gov- 
ernor of  North  Carolina  in  1896;  died  in  Bel- 
ville, N.  C.,  May  14,  1908;  interment  in  Mays- 
ville,  Jones  county,  N.  C. 

Bussell,  David,  a  Representative  from  New 
York;  born  in  Petersburg,  N.  Y.,  in  1780;  com- 
pleted preparatory  studies;  studied  law,  was 
admitted  to  the  bar,  and  began  practice  in 
Salem,  N  .Y. ;  served  as  a  member  of  the  state 
assembly  1826  and  1830;  district  attorney  for 
the  northern  judicial  district  of  New  York ; 
elected  as  a  Whig  to  the  Twenty-fourth, 
Twenty-fifth,  and  Twenty-sixth  Congresses 
(March  4,  1835-March  3,  1841)  ;  died  in  Salem, 
N.  Y.,  November  24,  1861. 

Bussell,  Gordon,  a  Representative  from 
Texas ;  born  in  Huntsville,  Ala. ;  attended  the 
Sam  Bailey  institute,  Griffin,  Ga.,  and  Craw- 
ford high  school,  Dalton,  Ga.,  and  after  a  two 
years'  course  at  the  University  of  Georgia  re- 
ceived from  that  institution  the  degree  of  A.  B. ; 
taught  school  in  Dalton,  Ga. ;  read  law  and  was 
admitted  to  the  bar;  moved  to  Texas  in  1879 
and  located  in  Van  Zandt  county;  moved  to 
Tyler,  Smith  county,  in  1895 ;  elected  county 
judge  of  Van  Zandt  county  in  1884,  and  at  the 
end  of  one  term  relinquished  the  office  to  re- 
sume the  practice  of  law ;  elected  district  at- 
torney of  the  seventh  judicial  district  in  1892 ; 
reelected  in  1894 ;  elected  district  judge  of  the 
seventh  jiidicial  district  in  1896,  and  reelected 
in  1900 ;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Fifty- 
seventh  Congress,  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  the 
death  of  Reese  C.  De  Graff enreid ;  was  reelected 
to  the  Fifty-eighth,  Fifty-ninth.  Sixtieth,  and 
Sixty-first  Congresses,  and  served  from  Decem- 
ber 2,  1902,  to  June  15,  1910.  when  he  resigned 
to  become  United  States  district  judge,  eastern 
district  of  Texas. 

Bussell,  James  M.,  a  Representative  from 
Pennsylvania ;  born  hi  York,  Pa.,  November  10, 
1786 ;  completed  preparatory  studies ;  studied 
law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  began  practice 
in  Bedford,  Pa. ;  elected  as  a  Whig  to  the 
Twenty-seventh  Congress,  to  fill  the  vacancy 


BIOGRAPHIES. 


971 


caused  by  by  the  death  of  Joseph  Lawrence  and 
served  from  January  3,  1842,  to  March  3,  1843 ; 
died  in  Bedford,  Pa.  December  20,  1870. 

Russell,  Jeremiah,  a  Representative  from 
New  York ;  born  in  Saugerties,  N.  Y.,  January 
26,  1786;  received  a  limited  schooling;  held  sev- 
eral local  offices;  presidential  elector  on  the 
Van  Buren  ticket  in  3836;  elected  as  a  Democrat 
to  the  Twenty-eighth  Congress  (March  4,  1843- 
March  3,  1845)  ;  defeated  for  reelection  to  the 
Twenty-ninth  Congress;  died  in  Saugerties, 
N.  Y.,  September  30,  1867. 

Russell,  John,  a  Representative  from  New 
York ;  native  of  that  state ;  elected  to  the  Ninth 
and  Tenth  Congresses  (March  4,  1805-March  3, 
1809). 

Russell,  John  Edwards,  a  Representative 
from  Massachusetts;  born  in  Greenfield,  Mass., 
January  20,  1834 ;  was  instructed  by  private  tu- 
tors; traveled  extensively  in  South  and  Central 
America ;  returned  to  Massachusetts  and  be- 
came interested  in  mail  transportation  west  of 
the  Mississippi  and  in  steamship  lines  upon  the 
Pacific  coast ;  engaged  in  farming ;  elected  sec- 
retary of  the  Massachusetts  state  board  of  agri- 
culture in  1880 ;  five  times  reelected ;  elected  as 
a  Democrat  to  the  Fiftieth  Congress  (March  4, 
1887-March  3,  1889)  ;  twice  defeated  for  gov- 
ernor of  Massachusetts;  member  of  the  deep 
waterways  commission ;  died  in  Leicester,  Mass., 
October  28,  1903. 

Russell,  Jonathan,  a  Representative  from 
Massachusetts;  born  in  Providence,  R.  I.,  Feb- 
ruary 27,  1771 ;  was  graduated  from  Brown  uni- 
versity (then  Rhode  Island  college)  in  1791; 
studied  law  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  but 
did  not  practice ;  became  a  merchant ;  appointed 
by  President  Madison  to  the  diplomatic  service 
in  France;  transferred  to  England,  where  he 
was  charg4  d'affaires  when  war  was  declared 
against  the  United  States  in  1812;  minister  to 
Norway  and  Sweden  January  18,  1814,  to  Octo- 
ber 16,  1818 ;  commissioner  to  negotiate  a  treaty 
of  peace  with  Ghent  in  1814 ;  returned  home  in 
1818,  and  located  in  Mendon,  Mass. ;  member  of 
the  general  court  of  Massachusetts  in  1820; 
elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Seventeenth  Con- 
gress (March  4,  1821-March  3,  1823)  ;  died  in 
Milton,  Mass.,  February  16,  1832. 

Russell,  Joseph,  a  Representative  from  New 
York;  native  of  that  state;  received  a  limited 
schooling;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Twenty- 
ninth  Congress  (March  4,  1845-March  3,  1847)  ; 
reelected  to  the  Thirty-second  Congress  (March 
4,  1851-March  3,  1853). 

Russell,  Joseph  James,  a  Representative  from 
Missouri ;  born  near  Charleston,  Mississippi 
county,  Mo.,  August  23,  1854 ;  attended  the  pub- 
lic schools  and  Charleston  academy ;  after  read- 
ing law  and  obtaining  a  license  to  practice  was 
graduated  from  the  law  school  of  the  Missouri 
state  university;  county  school  commissioner 
for  Mississippi  county,  Mo.,  1878-1879;  elected 
prosecuting  attorney  in  1880  and  1882 ;  a  Cleve- 
land elector  in  1884;  elected  to  the  state  legis- 
lature in  1886  and  1888;  in  the  first  term  was 
elected  speaker  pro  tempore  and  in  the  second 
term  speaker  of  the  house;  in  1892  was  a  dele- 
gate to  the  Democratic  national  convention  that 
nominated  Grover  Cleveland ;  elected  as  a  Demo- 


crat to  the  Sixtieth  Congress  (March  4,  1907- 
March  3,  1909)  ;  defeated  for  reelection  to  the 
Sixty-first  Congress.  Reelected  to  the  Sixty- 
second  Congress. 

Russell,  Leslie  W.,  a  Representative  from 
New  York;  a  resident  of  Ogdensburg,  N.  Y. ; 
elected  to  the  Fifty-second  Congress,  and  served 
from  March  4,  1891,  to  September  11,  1891, 
when  he  resigned. 

Russell,  Samuel  L.,  a  Representative  from 
Pennsylvania ;  native  of  Pennsylvania ;  com- 
pleted preparatory  studies;  held  various  local 
offices;  elected  as  a  Whig  to  the  Thirty-third 
Congress  (March  4,  1853-March  3,  1855). 

Russell,  William,  a  Representative  from 
Ohio ;  born  in  Ireland  in  1782 ;  emigrated  to  the 
United  States  and  located  in  West  Union,  Ohio ; 
received  a  limited  schooling;  held  several  local 
offices ;  was  a  representative  in  the  state  legis- 
lature 1809-1810,  and  1811-1813;  state  senator 
1819-1821 ;  elected  as  a  Jackson  Democrat  to  the 
Twentieth,  Twenty-first,  and  Twenty-second  Con- 
gresses (March  4,  1827-March  3,  1833)  ;  de- 
feated for  the  Twenty-third  Congress ;  moved  to 
Portsmouth,  Ohio,  and  elected  as  a  Whig  to  the 
Twenty-seventh  Congress  (March  4,  1841-March 
3,  1843)  ;  died  in  Portsmouth,  Ohio,  September 

28,  1845. 

Russell,  William  Augustus,  a  Representative 
from  Massachusetts;  born  in  Wells  River,  Vt., 
April  22,  1831;  pursued  an  academic  course  in 
Franklin,  N.  H. ;  engaged  in  the  manufacture  of 
paper  in  Exeter,  N.  H.,  in  1852;  moved  in  1852 
to  Lawrence,  Mass. ;  member  of  the  state  house 
of  representatives  in  1869;  delegate  to  the  Re- 
publican national  conventions  of  1868  and  1876 ; 
elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Forty-sixth  Forty- 
seventh,  and  Forty-eighth  Congresses  (March  4, 
1879-March  3,  1885)  ;  after  leaving  Congress  de- 
voted his  time  to  the  manufacture  of  paper ;  died 
in  Boston,  Mass.,  January  iO,  1S99. 

Russell,  William  Ferio,  a  Representative 
from  New  York ;  born  in  Saugerties,  N.  Y. ;  com- 
pleted preparatory  studies;  became  a  merchant; 
held  several  local  offices ;  elected  as  a  Democrat 
to  the  Thirty-fifth  Congress  (March  4,  1857- 
March  3,  1859) ;  died  in  Saugerties,  N.  Y.,  April 

29,  1896. 

Rust,  Albert,  a  Representative  from  Ar- 
kansas; native  of  Virginia;  completed  prepara- 
tory studies;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the 
bar,  and  began  practice  in  Eldorado,  Ark. ; 
elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Thirty-fourth  Con- 
gress (March  4,  1855-March  3,  1857)  ;  defeated 
for  reelection;  elected  to  the  Thirty-sixth  Con- 
gress (March  4,  1859-March  3,  1861)  ;  briga- 
dier-general in  the  Confederate  army;  died  in 
Eldorado,  Ark.,  April  3,  1870. 

Rutherford,  Robert,  a  Representative  from 
Virginia  ;  native  of  Virginia  ;  completed  prepara- 
tory studies;  held  several  local  offices;  elected 
to  the  Third  and  Fourth  Congresses  (March  4, 
1793-March  3,  1797)  ;  defeated  for  reelection  to 
the  Fifth  Congress. 

Rutherford,  John,  a  Senator  from  New  Jer- 
sey ;  born  in  New  York  City  September  20,  1760 ; 
was  graduated  from  Princeton  college  in  1776; 
studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  prac- 
ticed in  New  York  City,  1779-1787,  and  later  in 


972 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIEECTOEY. 


Edgerston,  N.  J. ;  presidential  elector  in  1798, 
1813,  and  1821 ;  elected  to  the  United  Sates  Sen- 
ate and  served  from  March  4,  1791,  to  December 
5,  1798,  when  he  resigned ;  member  of  the  New 
York  and  New  Jersey  boundary  commission  in 
1826,  and  of  the  New  York,  New  Jersey,  arid 
Pennsylvania  boundary  commission,  1829-1833; 
died  in  Rutherford,  N.  J.,  February  23,  1840. 

Rutledge,  Edward,  a  Delegate  from  South 
Carolina ;  born  in  Charleston,  S.  C.,  November 
23,  1749 ;  completed  preparatory  studies  ;  studied 
law  at  the  Temple  in  London,  was  admitted  to 
the  bar,  and  began  practice  in  Charleston  in 
1773;  elected  to  the  Continental  Congress,  1774- 
1777 ;  a  signer  of  the  Declaration  of  Independ- 
ence; appointed  a  member  of  the  first  board  of 
war  in  June,  1770 ;  again  elected  in  1779,  but  did 
not  take  his  seat ;  captain  and  lieutenant  colonel 
of  a  company  of  volunteer  artillery  in  the  Revo- 
lutionary army ;  taken  prisoner  when  the  Brit- 
ish captured  Charleston,  and  imprisoned  at  St. 
Augustine  a  year ;  exchanged ;  member  of  the 
state  legislature  in  1782  and  for  several  term?, 
thereafter;  member  of  the  state  constitutional 
convention  of  1790,  and  was  author  of  the  act 
abolishing  the  law  of  primogeniture  in  1791 ; 
was  tendered  the  appointment  of  associate  jus- 
tice of  the  United  States  Supreme  Court  in  1794. 
but  did  not  accept;  governor  of  South  Carolina 
from  1798  until  his  death  in  Charleston,  S.  C., 
January  23,  1800. 

Rutledge,  John,  a  Delegate  from  South  Caro- 
lina ;  born  in  Charleston,  S.  C.,  in  1739 ;  pursued 
classical  studies;  studied  law  at  the  Temple  in 
London ;  returned  to  Charleston,  S.  C.,  where 
he  began  practice  in  1761 ;  was  attorney-general 
pro  tempore  in  1764 ;  elected  to  the  Provincial 
Congress  at  New  York  in  1765,  and  to  the  Con- 
tinental Congress,  1774-1777 ;  elected  presi- 
dent of  South  Carolina,  1776-1778,  and  gov- 
ernor, 1779-1782 ;  again  elected  a  Delegate  to 
the  Continental  Congress,  1782-1783 ;  elected  one 
of  the  state  chancellors  in  1784 ;  delegate  in 
the  Philadelphia  convention  that  adopted  the 
Federal  Constitution ;  member  of  the  state  con- 
vention to  ratify  the  Federal  Constitution;  re- 
ceived the  electoral  vote  of  South  Carolina  for 
Vice-President  in  1789;  associate  justice  of  the 
United  States  Supreme  Court,  serving  from 
1789-1791;  elected  chief  justice  of  South  Caro- 
lina, 1790,  and  resigned  in  1795 ;  nominated  by 
President  Washington  in  1795  to  be  Chief  Jus- 
tice of  the  Supreme  Court  of  the  United  States, 
and  presided  at  the  August  term,  but  the  Sen- 
ate, December  15,  1795,  refused  to  confirm  him ; 
died  in  Charleston,  S.  C.,  July  23,  1800. 

Rutledge,  John,  jr.,  a  Representative  from 
South  Carolina;  born  in  Charleston,  S.  C.,  in 
1766 ;  completed  preparatory  studies ;  studied 
law  with  his  father,  was  admitted  to  the  bar, 
and  practiced  in  Charleston,  S.  C. ;  held  several 
local  offices ;  elected  as  a  Federalist  to  the 
Fifth,  Sixth,  and  Seventh  Congresses  (March  4, 
1797-March  3,  1803;  died  in  Philadelphia  Sep- 
tember 1,  1819. 

Ryall,  Daniel  Bailey,  a  Representative  from 
New  Jersey ;  born  in  Trenton,  N.  J.,  January 
30,  1789 ;  completed  preparatory  studies ;  studied 
law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  began  prac- 
tice in  Freehold,  N.  J. ;  elected  as  a  Democrat 


to  the  Twenty-sixth  Congress  (March  4,  1839- 
March  3,  1841)  ;  died  in  Freehold,  N.  J.,  Decem- 
ber 17,  1864. 

Ryan,  James  Wilfrid,  a  Representative  from 
Pennsylvania ;  born  in  Norwegian  township, 
Schuylkill  county,  Pa.,  October  16,  1858;  moved 
to  Mahanoy  City  with  his  parents,  where  he 
attended  the  public  schools;  then  attended  the 
high  school  of  Frackville,  and  after  graduating 
taught  in  the  public  schools;  studied  law,  and 
was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1884;  elected  dis- 
trict attorney  in  1892  and  served  until  January, 
1896;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Fifty-sixth 
Congress  (March  4,  1899-March  3,  1901)  ;  died 
in  Mahanoy  City,  Pa.,  February  26,  1907. 

Ryan,  Thomas,  a  Representative  from  Kan- 
sas; born  in  Oxford,  N.  Y.,  November  25,  1837; 
moved  with  parents  to  Bradford  county,  Pa. ; 
attended  Dickinson  seminary  in  Williamsport, 
Pa. ;  studied  law,  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar 
in  1861;  served  in  the  Union  army  1S62-1S64 ; 
moved  to  Topeka,  Kans.,  in  1865 ;  county  attorney 
for  eight  successive  years;  assistant  United 
States  attorney  for  Kansas  1873-1877 ;  elected 
as  a  Republican  to  the  Forty-fifth',  Forty-sixth, 
Forty-seventh,  Forty-eighth,  Forty-ninth,  and 
Fiftieth  Congresses  (March  4,  1877-March  3, 
1889)  ;  reelected  to  the  Fifty-first  Congress,  but 
resigned  before  it  assembled ;  minister  to  the 
Republic  of  Mexico  1889-1893;  appointed  First 
Assistant  Secretary  of  the  Interior  by  President 
McKinley  and  reappointed  by  President  Roose- 
velt; served  until  1907,  when  he  was  sent  to 
Muskogee,  Okla.,  as  the  personal  resident  rep- 
resentative of  the  Secretary  of  the  Interior;  a 
resident  of  Muskogee,  Okla. 

Ryan,  William,  a  Representative  from  New 
York;  born  in  Tipperary,  Ireland,  March  8, 1840; 
came  to  the  United  States  with  his  parents,  who 
settled  in  Stanwich,  Conn.,  in  1844 ;  attended 
district  schools ;  in  the  spring  of  1859  went  to  the 
Rocky  mountains  and  engaged  in  prospecting, 
mining,  and  Indian  campaigning  until  1861, 
when  he  returned  home  and  settled  in  Porr 
Chester,  N.  Y. ;  engaged  in  farming  and  teaching, 
and  later  in  the  mercantile  business;  held  local 
and  county  offices ;  member  of  the  state  assembly 
1891-1892;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Fifty- 
third  Congress  (March  4,  1893-March  3,  1895)  ; 
resumed  business  as  a  merchant  in  Port  Chester, 
N.  Y. ;  president  of  the  Port  Chester  savings 
bank  and  president  of  the  village  of  Port  Chester 
in  1912. 

Ryan,  William,  Henry,  a  Representative 
from  New  York;  born  in  Hopkinton,  Mass., 
May  10,  1860;  moved  to  Buffalo  with  his  par- 
ents in  1866 :  attended  the  public  and  high 
schools ;  engaged  in  general  insurance  and  bond- 
ing business ;  elected  to  the  board  of  supervisors 
of  Erie  county  in  1894,  and  reelected  in  1897 ; 
elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Fifty-sixth,  Fifty- 
seventh,  Fifty-eighth,  Fifty-ninth,  and  Sixtieth 
Congresses  (March  4,  1899-March  3,  1909)  ; 
delegate  in  the  Democratic  national  convention 
in  St.  Louis  in  1904 ;  a  resident  of  Buffalo,  N.  Y. 

Ryon,  John  Walker,  a  Representative  from 
Pennsylvania ;  born  in  Tioga  county,  Pa.,  March 
4,  1825 ;  attended  the  common  schools  and  Mill- 
ville  academy,  Orleans  county,  N.  Y.,  and  Wells- 
boro  academy,  Wellsboro,  Pa. ;  studied  law,  was 


BIOGRAPHIES. 


973 


admitted  to  the  bar  in  1847,  and  practiced  in 
Pottsville,  Pa. ;  elected  district  attorney  of 
Tioga  county  in  1850;  reelected  in  1853,  and 
held  the  office  until  1856 ;  elected  as  a  Democrat 
to  the  Forty-sixth  Congress  (March  4,  1879- 
March  3,  1881)  ;  died  in  Pottsville,  Schuylkill 
county,  Pa.,  March  12,  1901. 

Sabath,  Adolph  J.,  a  Representative  from 
Illinois:  born  in  Bohemia  April  4,  1866;  at- 
tended grammar  and  high  school ;  came  to  the 
United  States  in  1881  and  located  in  Chicago, 
111.;  was  graduated  from  the  Chicago  Col- 
lege of  Law  in  1891,  and  was  admitted  to  the 
bar;  appointed  justice  of  the  peace  for  the  city 
of  Chicago ;  police  magistrate  from  1897  to  1907 ; 
member  of  the  central  and  executive  committees 
of  the  Democratic  party ;  delegate  in  the  Demo- 
cratic national  convention  in  St.  Louis  in  1904 ; 
declined  the  nomination  for  municipal  judge; 
elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Sixtieth  and  Sixty- 
first  Congresses  (March  4,  1907-March  3,  1911). 
Reelected  to  the  Sixty-second  Congress. 

Sabin,  Alvah,  a  Representative  from  Ver- 
mont; born  in  Georgia,  Vt.,  October  23.  1793; 
pursued  classical  studies,  and  was  graduated 
from  Columbian  college,  Washington,  D.  C. ; 
studied  theology ;  served  in  the  War  of  1812 ; 
served  ten  years  as  a  member  of  the  state  house 
of  representatives ;  secretary  of  state  of  Ver- 
mont in  1841 ;  elected  as  a  Whig  to  the  Thirty- 
third  and  Thirty-fourth  Congresses  (March  4, 
1853-March  3,  1857)  ;  delegate  in  the  first  Anti- 
Slavery  national  convention ;  died  in  Sycamore, 
111.,  January  22,  1885. 

Sabin,  Dwight  May,  a  Senator  from  Minne- 
sota ;  born  near  Marseilles,  La  Salle  county,  111., 
April  25,  1843;  attended  the  country  schools 
and  Phillips  academy,  Andover,  Mass.;  served 
in  the  Union  army;  engaged  in  lumbering  and 
the  general  manufacture  of  railroad  cars  and 
agricultural  machinery ;  moved  to  Stillwater, 
Minn.,  in  1868;  member  of  the  state  senate  of 
Minnesota  in  1872-1875;  member  of  the  state 
house  of  representatives  1878  and  1881;  mem- 
ber of  the  Republican  national  committee  for 
Minnesota ;  delegate  in  the  Republican  national 
conventions  of  1872,  1876,  1880,  and  1884 ;  chair- 
man of  the  Republican  national  committee  De- 
cember 12,  1883;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the 
United  States  Senate,  and  served  from  March 
3,  1883,  until  March  3,  1889;  died  in  Chicago, 
111.,  December  22,  1902. 

Sabine,  Lorenzo,  a  Representative  from  Mas- 
sachusetts; born  in  Lisbon,  N.  H.,  February  28, 
1803 ;  completed  preparatory  studies ;  engaged  in 
banking,  and  later  as  a  merchant  in  Eastport, 
Me. ;  member  of  the  state  house  of  representa- 
tives for  three  terms;  deputy  collector  of  cus- 
toms; moved  to  Massachusetts  in  1849;  held 
several  local  offices;  elected  as  a  Whig  to  the 
Thirty-second  Congress,  to  fill  vacancy  caused 
by  the  death  of  Benjamin  Thomas,  and  served 
from  December  28,  1852,  to  March  3,  1853; 
located  in  Boston,  Mass.,  where  he  died  April 
14,  1877. 

Sackett,  William  Augustus,  a  Representa- 
tive from  New  York ;  born  in  Aurelius,  N.  Y., 
November  18,  1811 ;  moved  to  Seneca  Falls, 
N.  Y. ;  elected  as  a  Whig  to  the  Thirty-first  and 
Thirty-second  Congresses  (March  4,  1849-March 
3.  1853)  ;  died  in  Saratoga  Springs,  N.  Y.,  Sep- 
tember 6,  1895. 


Sadler,  Thomas  William,  a  Representative 
from  Alabama ;  born  near  Russellville,  Franklin 
county,  Ala.,  April  17,  1831;  moved  with  his 
parents  to  Jefferson  county,  Ala.,  in  1833 ;  pur- 
sued an  academic  course;  moved  to  Autauga 
county,  Ala.,  in  1855;  engaged  in  mercantile 
pursuits  until  the  Civil  war;  volunteered  and 
served  in  the  division  of  the  Confederate  army 
commanded  by  Gen.  Joseph  Wheeler;  engaged 
in  agricultural  pursuits;  studied  law,  was  ad- 
mitted to  the  bar,  and  practiced ;  county  super- 
intendent of  education  from  1875  to  1884;  Han- 
cock elector  in  1880;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to 
the  Forty-ninth  Congress  (March  4,  1885-March 
3,  1887)  ;  resumed  the  practice  of  law  until  his 
death  in  Prattville,  Ala.,  October  29,  1896. 

Sage,  Ebenezer,  a  Representative  from  New 
York;  born  in  Chatham  (now  Portland),  Conn., 
August  16,  1755;  pursued  classical  studies,  and 
was  graduated  from  Yale  college  in  1778; 
studied  medicine  and  practiced;  moved  to  New 
York  and  settled  in  Sag  Harbor;  elected  as  a 
Democrat  to  the  Eleventh,  Twelfth,  and  Thir- 
teenth Congresses  (March  4,  1809-March  3, 
1815)  ;  presented  credentials  as  a  member  elect 
to  the  Sixteenth  Congress,  and  served  from 
March  4,  1819,  to  January  14,  1820,  when  he 
was  succeeded  by  James  Guyon,  jr.,  who  con- 
tested his  election ;  delegate  in  the  convention 
for  amending  the  constitution  of  New  York; 
died  in  Sag  Harbor,  N.  Y.,  January  20,  1834. 

Sage,  Russell,  a  Representative  from  New 
York ;  born  in  Shenandoah,  Oneida  county,  N.  Y., 
August  4,  1816 ;  moved  with  parents  to  Durham- 
ville  in  1818;  attended  the  public  schools;  en- 
gaged in  mercantile  pursuits  in  Troy,  N.  Y. ; 
alderman  of  Troy  1845-1848;  for  some  years 
treasurer  of  Rensselaer  county ;  delegate  in 
the  Whig  national  convention  of  1848;  elected 
as  a  Whig  to  the  Thirty-third  and  Thirty-fourth 
Congresses  (March  4,  1853-March  3,  1857)  ; 
moved  to  New  York  City  in  1863,  and  engaged 
in  the  banking  business;  became  president  and 
director  of  several  railroad  companies  and  finan- 
cial institutions;  died  in  Lawrence,  Nassau 
county,  Long  Island,  N.  Y.,  July  22,  1906. 

Sailly,  Peter,  a  Representative  from  New 
York;  born  in  Lorraine,  France,  April  20,  1754; 
came  to  the  United  States  in  1783,  and  located 
in  Plattsburg,  N.  Y. ;  engaged  in  business ;  asso- 
ciate justice  of  the  court  of  common  pleas  1788- 
1796 ;  commissioner  of  highways  and  school  com- 
missioner in  1797  and  1798 ;  supervisor  of  schools 
in  1799  and  1800 ;  member  of  the  state  assembly 
in  1803;  first  judge  of  the  county  in  1804; 
elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Ninth  Congress 
(March  4,  1805-March  3,  1807)  ;  appointed  by 
President  Jefferson  collector  of  customs  at 
Plattsburg  in  1807,  and  held  the  office  until  his 
death,  March  16,  1826. 

St.  Clair,  Arthur,  a  Delegate  from  Pennsyl- 
vania ;  born  in  Thurse,  Caithness,  Scotland,  in 
1734 ;  attended  the  University  of  Edinburgh,  and 
studied  medicine  under  Dr.  John  Hunter;  pur- 
chased a  commission  as  ensign  in  the  sixtieth 
foot,  May  13,  1757,  and  came  to  America  with 
Admiral  Bosca wen's  fleet ;  served  under  Gen. 
Amherst  at  the  capture  of  Louisburg,  July  26, 
1758,  and  under  Gen.  James  Wolfe  at  Quebec 
September  30,  1758 ;  resigned  April  16,  1762,  and 
located  in  Ligonier  valley,  Pa.,  in  1764,  and 
erected  mills;  surveyor  of  the  district  of  Cum- 


974 


CONGRESSIONAL   DIRECTORY. 


berland  in  1770;  justice  of  the  court  of  quarter 
sessions  and  of  common  pleas;  member  of  the 
proprietary  council,  justice,  recorder,  and  clerk 
of  the  orphans'  court ;  prothouotary  of  Bedford 
and  Westmoreland  counties;  colonel  of  Pennsyl- 
vania militia  in  July,  1775;  colonel  of  the  sec- 
ond Pennsylvania  battalion  January  3,  1776; 
brigadier-general  of  the  Continental  army  Aug- 
ust 9,  1776;  major-general  February  19,  1777, 
and  served  to  the  close  of  the  war ;  major-gen- 
eral and  commander  of  the  United  States  Army 
March  4,  1791 ;  resigned  March  5,  1792 ;  was  a 
member  of  the  Pennsylvania  council  of  censors 
in  1783 ;  a  Delegate  in  the  Continental  Congress 
from  November  2,  1785,  to  November  28,  1787, 
and  its  president  in  1787 ;  governor  of  the  North- 
west Territory  upon  its  formation  in  1789,  and 
served  until  November  22,  1802;  returned  to 
Pennsylvania,  and  located  upon  a  small  farm 
upon  the  summit  of  Chestnut  Ridge;  died  in 
Greensburg,  Pa.,  August  31,  1818. 

St.  John,  Charles,'  a  Representative  from  New 
York ;  born  in  Orange  county,  N.  Y.,  October  8, 
1818;  attended  the  common  schools;  engaged 
in  lumbering  on  the  Delaware  River ;  merchant ; 
elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Forty-second  and 
Forty-third  Congresses  (March  4,  1871-March 
3,  1875);  presidential  elector  in  1880;  died  in 
Port  Jervis,  N.  Y.,  July  6,  1891. 

St.  John,  Daniel  B.,  a  Representative  from 
New  York;  born  in  Sharon,  Conn.,  October  8, 
1808 ;  engaged  in  the  mercantile  and  real  estate 
business  in  Monticello,  N.  Y.,  in  1831;  elected 
to  the  state  assembly  as  a  Henry  Clay  Whig 
in  1840;  elected  as  a  Whig  to  the  Thirtieth 
Congress  (March  4,  1847-March  3,  1849)  ;  moved 
to  Newburgh,  N.  Y. ;  delegate  in  the  Union 
national  convention  in  Baltimore  in  1860;  un- 
successful candidate  for  Congress  on  the  Demo- 
cratic ticket  in  1860 ;  member  of  the  state  senate 
in  1875;  delegate  in  the  national  Democratic 
convention  in  St.  Louis  in  1876;  chief  register 
in  the  banking  department  of  New  York  state; 
died  in  New  York  City,  February  18,  1890. 

St.  John,  Henry,  a  Representative  from  Ohio ; 
native  of  New  York;  received  a  limited  school- 
ing; moved  to  Tiffin,  Ohio;  held  several  local 
offices ;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Twenty- 
eighth  and  Twenty-ninth  Congresses  (March  4, 
1843-March  3,  1847). 

St.  Martin,  Louis,  a  Representative  from 
Louisiana ;  born  in  St.  Charles  parish,  La.,  May 
17,  1820;  attended  St.  Mary's  college,  Missouri, 
and  Jefferson  college,  Louisiana ;  elected  to  the 
state  legislature  in  1846;  appointed  register 
of  the  United  States  land  office  for  the  south- 
eastern district  of  Louisiana  by  President  Polk ; 
reelected  to  the  legislature;  elected  as  a  Demo- 
crat to  the  Thirty-second  Congress  (March  4, 
1851-March  3,  1853)  ;  engaged  in  mercantile 
pursuits;  appointed  register  of  voters  for  the 
city  of  New  Orleans;  presented  credentials  to 
the  Thirty-ninth  Congress,  but  was  refused  ad- 
mission, as  it  was  hel'd  that  Louisiana  was  not 
then  a  state  in  the  Union;  contested  the  elec- 
tion of  J.  Hale  Sypher  to  the  Forty-first  Con- 
gress, but  the  seat  was  declared  vacant;  dele- 
gate in  the  Democratic  national  conventions  that 
nominated  Pierce,  Seymour,  Tilden,  and  Han- 
cock; presidential  elector  on  the  Tilden  ticket: 
for  several  years  occupied  a  position  in  the 


municipal  government  of  New  Orleans;  elected 
as  a  Democrat  to  the  Forty-ninth  Congress 
(March  4,  1885-March  3,  1887)  ;  died  in  New 
Orleans,  La.,  February  9,  1893. 

Salmon,  Joshua  S.,  a  Representative  from 
New  Jersey ;  born  near  Mount  Olive,  Morris 
county,  N.  J.,  February  2,  1846;  attended  the 
seminaries  in  Charlottesville,  N.  Y.,  and  School- 
eys  Mountain,  N.  J. ;  was  graduated  from  the 
Albany  law  school  in  1873,  was  admitted  to 
the  bar,  and  commenced  practice  in  Boonton ; 
prosecutor  of  the  pleas  for  Morris  county  from 
April,  1893,  to  April,  1898;  elected  to  the  state 
legislature  in  1877;  Democratic  candidate  for 
the  state  senate  in  1883 ;  elected  as  a  Democrat 
to  the  Fifty-sixth  and  Fifty-seventh  Congresses, 
and  served  from  March  4,  1899,  until  his  death, 
in  Boonton,  N.  J.,  May  6,  1902. 

Saltonstall,  Leverett,  a  Representative  from 
Massachusetts;  born  in  Haverhill,  Mass.,  June 
13,  1783;  pursued  classical  studies;  attended 
Phillips  academy  in  Exeter,  and  was  graduated 
from  Harvard  college  in  1802;  studied  law,  was 
admitted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced  practice  in 
Salem  in  1805;  unsuccessful  as  the  Whig  can- 
didate from  the  Essex  south  district  in  1820; 
elected  to  the  state  house  of  representatives  and 
served  as  speaker;  member  of  the  state  senate 
and  its  president  in  1831;  mayor  of  Salem, 
Mass.,  1836-1838;  presidential  elector  on  the 
Webster  ticket  in  1837;  delegate  in  the  state 
constitutional  convention  of  1820;  elected  as 
a  Whig  to  the  Twenty-fifth  Congress,  to  fill 
vacancy  caused  by  the  resignation  of  Stephen  C. 
Phillips;  reelected  to  the  Twenty-sixth  and 
Twenty-seventh  Congresses,  and  served  from  De- 
cember 5,  1838,  to  March  3,  1843;  an  active 
member  of  the  Massachusetts  historical  society, 
the  American  academy  of  arts  and  sciences, 
and  other  literary  and  historical  associations; 
overseer  of  Harvard  1835-1845;  published  an 
historical  sketch  of  Haverhill;  died  in  Salem, 
Mass.,  May  8,  1845. 

Samford,  William  James,  a  Representative 
from  Alabama;  born  in  Greenville,  Meriwether 
county,  Ga.,  September  16,  1844;  attended  the 
common  schools;  moved  in  early  childhood  to 
Chambers  county,  Ala.;  entered  the  University 
of  Georgia,  but  left  and  enlisted  in  the  Con- 
federate army  as  a  private  in  the  forty-sixth 
Alabama  regiment;  made  first  lieutenant,  and 
was  in  command  of  a  company  at  the  close  of 
the  war;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar, 
and  commenced  practice  in  Opelika,  Ala.,  in 
1867 ;  alternate  presidential  elector  for  the  third 
Alabama  district  in  1872;  delegate  in  the  state 
constitutional  convention  of  1875 ;  Democratic 
presidential  elector  in  1872  and  1876;  elected  as 
a  Democrat  to  the  Forty-sixth  Congress  (March 
4,  .1879-March  3,  1881)  ;  elected  to  the  general 
assembly  in  1882 ;  member  of  the  state  senate  in 
1884-1886  and  1892,  and  served  as  president  of 
the  senate  in  1886;  governor  of  Alabama,  1900- 
1901 ;  president  of  the  board  of  trustees  of  the 
university  of  Alabama  ;  died  in  Tuscaloosa,  Ala., 
June  11,  1901. 

Sammons,  Thomas,  a  Representative  from 
New  York;  born  in  Sammonsville.  Montgomery 
county,  N.  Y.,  October  28,  1762;  attended  the 
public  schools ;  served  as  an  officer  in  the  Revo- 
lutionary war;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the 
Eighth  and  Ninth  Congresses  (March  4,  1803- 


BIOGRAPHIES. 


975 


March  3,  1807)  ;  unsuccessful  as  the  Democratic 
candidate  for  the  Tenth  Congress ;  reelected  to 
the  Eleventh  and  Twelfth  Congresses  (March  4, 
1809-March  3,  1813)  ;  died  in  Johnstown,  N.  Y., 
November  20,  1838. 

Sample,  Samuel  C.,  a  Representative  from 
Indiana  ;  born  in  Maryland ;  moved  to  Indiana 
and  settled  in  South  Bend;  elected  as  a  Whig 
to  the  Twenty -eighth  Congress  (March  4,  1843- 
Marcli  3,  1845). 

Sampson,  Ezekiel  Silas,  a  Representative 
from  Iowa;  born  in  Huron  county,  Ohio,  De- 
cember 6,  1831;  attended  the  public  schools, 
a  private  school  in  Mount  Pleasant,  Iowa,  and 
Knox  college,  Illinois;  studied  law,  was  ad- 
mitted to  the  bar,  and  commenced  practice  in 
Sigourney,  Iowa,  in  1856 ;  prosecuting  attorney  in 
1856-1858 ;  enlisted  in  the  Union  army  as  cap- 
tain in  the  fifth  Iowa  infantry  in  1861,  and 
lieutenant-colonel  in  the  same  regiment  when 
mustered  out  in  1864;  returned  to  the  practice 
of  law  in  Sigourney,  Iowa;  member  of  the 
state  senate  in  1866 ;  judge  of  the  sixth  district 
of  Iowa  from  January,  1867,  until  January, 
1875 ;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Forty- 
fourth  and  Forty-fifth  Congresses  (March  4, 
1875-March  3,  1879)  ;  died  in  Sigourney,  Iowa, 
October  7,  1892. 

Sampson,  Zabdiel,  a  Representative  from 
Massachusetts;  born  in  Plympton,  Mass.,  Au- 
gust 22,  1781;  pursued  classical  studies,  and 
was  graduated  from  Brown  university  in  1803; 
studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  com- 
menced practice  in  Plympton ;  elected  as  a  Dem- 
ocrat to  the  Fifteenth  and  Sixteenth  Congresses, 
and  served  from  March  4,  1817,  to  July  26,  1820, 
when  he  resigned ;  appointed  collector  of  cus- 
toms at  Plymouth,  Mass.,  and  served  until  his 
death  in  Plymouth,  Mass.,  July  19,  1828. 

Samuel,  Edmund  William,  a  Representative 
from  Pennsylvania ;  born  in  England,  November 
27,  1857 ;  came  with  his  parents  to  Ashland, 
Schuylkill  county,  Pa. ;  employed  in  a  coal 
breaker  and  in  coal  mining;  attended  the  public 
schools ;  learned  the  drug  business  and  began  the 
study  of  medicine;  was  graduated  from  the  Jef- 
ferson medical  college  in  Philadelphia,  March 
13,  1880,  and  commenced  practice  in  Mount  Car- 
mel,  Pa. ;  served  three  years  as  school  director 

in  Mount  Carmel ;   elected  as  a to 

the  Fifty-ninth  Congress  (March  4,  1905-March 
3,  1907)  ;  resumed  the  practice  of  medicine  in 
Mount  Carmel,  Pa. 

Samuels,  Green  Berry,  a  Representative  from 
Virginia  ;  born  in  Shenandoah  county,  Va.,  Feb- 
ruary 1,  1806 ;  pursued  classical  studies ;  studied 
law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  practiced ; 
elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Twenty-sixth  Con- 
gress (March  4,  1839-March  3,  1841)  ;  resumed 
the  practice  of  law ;  elected  judge  of  the  circuit 
court  in  1850,  and  of  the  court  of  appeals;  died 
in  Richmond,  Va.,  January  5,  1859. 

Sanders,  Wilbur  Piske,  a  Senator  from  Mon- 
tana ;  born  in  Leon,  Cattaraugus  county,  N.  Y., 
May  2,  1834;  attended  the  common  schools; 
taught  school  in  New  York;  moved  to  Ohio  in 
1854,  where  he  continued  teaching;  studied  law 
in  Akron,  Ohio,  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar 
in  1856;  recruited  a  company  of  infantry  and 
a  battery  of  artillery  in  the  summer  of  1861, 
and  in  October  following  was  commissioned  a 


first  lieutenant  in  the  sixty-fourth  Ohio  infan- 
try, of  which  regiment  he  was  made  adjutant: 
acting  assistant  adjutant-general  on  the  staff  of 
Gen.  James  W.  Forsyth;  assisted  in  1862  in  the 
construction  of  defenses  along  the  railroads 
south  of  Nashville;  resigned  and  located  in 
Idaho  (now  Montana),  and  engaged  in  the  prac- 
tice of  law  and  also  became  interested  in  mining 
and  stock  raising;  Republican  candidate  for 
Delegate  to  Congress  in  1864,  1867,  1880,  and 
1886;  delegate  in  the  Republican  national  con- 
ventions of  1868,  1872,  1876,  and  1884;  member 
of  the  legislative  assembly  of  Montana  1872- 
1880 ;  declined  the  appointment  of  United  States 
attorney  for  Montana  tendered  by  President 
Grant  in  1872;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the 
United  States  Senate  January  1,  1890,  and 
served  from  April  16,  1890,  to  March  3,  1893; 
died  in  Helena,  Mont,  July  7,  1905. 

Sandford,  Thomas,  a  Representative  from 
Kentucky ;  born  in  Westmoreland  county,  Va., 
in  1762;  pursued  classical  studies;  moved  to 
Kentucky  in  1792;  delegate  in  the  state  consti- 
tutional convention  of  1799 ;  member  of  the  state 
house  of  representatives;  elected  to  the  Eighth 
and  Ninth  Congresses  (March  4,  1803-March  3, 
1807)  ;  died  December  10,  1808. 

Sandidge,  John  Milton,  a  Representative 
from  Louisiana ;  born  in  Franklin  county,  Ga., 
January  7,  1817;  moved  to  Louisiana  and  be- 
came a  planter ;  member  of  the  state  house  of 
representatives  1846-1855,  and  served  two  years 
as  speaker ;  delegate  in  the  state  constitutional 
convention  of  1852;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to 
the  Thirty-fourth  and  Thirty-fifth  Congresses 
(March  4,  1855-March  3,  1859)  ;  died  in  Bastrop, 
La.,  March  30,  1898. 

Sandord,  James  T.,  a  Representative  from 
Tennessee ;  native  of  Virginia  ;  attended  the  com- 
mon schools ;  moved  to  Columbia,  Tenn. ;  elected 
to  the  Eighteenth  Congress  (March  4,  1823- 
March  3,  1825). 

Sands,  Joshua,  a  Representative  from  New 
York;  born  in  Queens  county,  N.  Y.,  in  1758; 
received  a  limited  schooling;  member  of  the 
state  senate  1792-1799;  collector  of  customs  at 
the  port  of  New  York  in  1797;  elected  to  the 
Eighth  Congress  (March  4,  1803-March  3, 
1805)  ;  reelected  to  the  Nineteenth  Congress 
(March  4,  1825-March  3,  1827)  ;  died  Septem- 
ber 13,  1835. 

Sanford,  John,  a  Representative  from  New 
York ;  born  in  Amsterdam,  Montgomery  county, 
N.  Y.,  January  18,  3851;  was  graduated  from 
Yale  college  in  1872;  elected  as  a  Republican  to 
the  Fifty-first  and  Fifty-second  Congresses 
(March  4.  1889-March  3,  1893)  ;  engaged  in  the 
manufacture  of  carpets  in  Amsterdam,  N.  Y. 

Sanford,  John,  a  Representative  from  New 
York;  native  of  that  state;  elected  as  a  Demo- 
crat to  the  Twenty-seventh  Congress  (March  4, 
1841-March  3,  1843)  ;  member  of  the  state  sen- 
ate in  1851 ;  died  in  Amsterdam,  N.  Y.,  October 
7,  1857. 

Sanford,  Jonah,  a  Representative  from  New 
York ;  native  of  that  state ;  member  of  the  state 
house  of  representatives  1827-1830;  elected  as 
a  Jackson  Democrat  to  the  Twenty-first  Con- 
gress (March  4,  1829-March  3,  1831). 


976 


CONGRESSIONAL   DIRECTORY. 


Sanf ord,  Nathan,  a  Senator  from  New  York ; 
born  in  Bridgehampton,  Long  Island,  November 
6,  1777 ;  completed  preparatory  studies ;  studied 
law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1799,  and  began 
practice  in  New  York  City;  United  States  com- 
missioner in  bankruptcy  in  1802 ;  United  States 
attorney  for  the  district  of  New  York  1803- 
1816;  member  of  the  state  house  of  representa- 
tives 1810-1811,  and  served  as  speaker  in  1811 ; 
member  of  the  state  senate  1812-1815;  elected 
as  a  Democrat  to  the  United  States  Senate,  and 
served  from  March  4,  1815,  to  March  3,  1821; 
delegate  in  the  state  constitutional  convention 
of  1821 ;  chancellor  of  New  York  from  August 
1,  1823,  until  his  resignation  in  January,  1826; 
again  elected  to  the  United  States  Senate,  and 
served  from  March  4,  1825,  to  March  3,  1831; 
died  in  Flushing,  N.  Y.,  October  17,  1838. 

Sanf  ord,  Stephen,  a  Representative  from  New 
York ;  born  in  Montgomery  county,  N.  Y.,  May 
26,  1826 ;  pursued  classical  studies ;  carpet 
manufacturer;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the 
Forty-first  Congress  (March  4,  1869-March  3, 
1871). 

Sapp,  William  Fletcher,  a  Representative 
from  Iowa ;  born  in  Danville,  Ohio,  November 
20,  1824;  attended  the  public  schools,  and  pur- 
sued an  academic  course;  "studied  law,  was  ad- 
mitted to  the  bar  in  June,  1850,  and  practiced  in 
Mount  Vernon,  Ohio ;  elected  prosecuting  attorney 
in  1854  and  1856 ;  moved  in  1860  to  Omaha,  Nebr. ; 
appointed  in  1861  adjutant-general  of  Nebraska 
Territory ;  elected  a  member  of  the  territorial 
legislative  council ;  entered  the  Union  army  in 
1862  as  a  lieutenant-colonel  of  the  second 
Nebraska  cavalry,  and  served  until  mustered 
out ;  moved  to  Council  Bluffs,  Iowa,  and  prac- 
ticed law;  member  of  the  state  house  of  repre- 
sentatives in  1865 ;  appointed  United  States  dis- 
trict attorney  for  Iowa  in  1869,  and  served  until 
1873;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Forty-fifth 
and  Forty-sixth  Congresses  (March  4,  1877- 
March  3,  1881)  ;  died  in  Council  Bluffs,  Iowa, 
November  22,  1890. 

Sapp,  William  Robinson,  a  Representative 
from  Ohio ;  born  near  Cumberland,  Md.,  March 
5,  1804 ;  attended  the  common  schools ;  studied 
law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  practiced; 
elected  as  a  Whig  to  the  Thirty-third  and  Thirty- 
fourth  Congresses  (March  4,  1853-March  3, 
1857)  ;  collector  of  internal  revenue  under  Gen- 
eral Grant ;  died  in  Mount  Vernon,  Knox  county, 
Ohio,  January  6,  1875. 

Sargent,  Aaron  Augustus,  a  Representative 
and  a  Senator  from  California ;  born  in  New- 
buryport,  Mass.,  September  28,  1827;  learned 
the  printer's  trade ;  moved  to  California  in  1849 ; 
established  the  Journal  in  Nevada  City ;  studied 
law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1854  and  prac- 
ticed; district  attorney  for  Nevada  county,  Cal., 
1855-1856;  elected  to  the  Thirty-seventh  Con- 
gress (March  4,  1861-March  3,  1863)  ;  reelected 
to  the  Forty-first  and  Forty-second  Congresses 
(March  4,  1869-March  3,  1873)  ;  elected  as  a 
Republican  to  the  United  States  Senate  and 
served  from  March  4,  1873,  to  March  3,  1879; 
practiced  law  in  San  Francisco  1879-1882;  ap- 
pointed by  President  Garfield  United  States 
minister  to  Germany  in  1882  and  held  the  office 
until  the  action  of  the  German  authorities  in 
excluding  American  pork  from  the  Empire  made 


his  incumbency  personally  distasteful,  and  then 
resigned ;  declined  the  mission  to  Russia ;  re- 
turned to  California  in  1884 ;  died  in  San  Fran- 
cisco, Cal.,  August  14,  1887. 

Sauerhering,  Edward,  a  Representative  from 
Wisconsin;  born  in  Mayville,  Wis.,  June  24, 
1864 ;  attended  the  public  schools  and  was  gradu- 
ated from  the  Chicago  college  of  pharmacy  in 
1885 ;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Fifty- 
fourth  and  Fifty-fifth  Congresses  (March  4, 
1895-March  3,  1899)  ;  superintendent  of  com- 
mission of  public  works;  justice  of  the  peace; 
a  resident  of  Mayville,  Wis. 

Saulsbury,  Eli,  a  Senator  from  Delaware; 
born  in  Mispillion  Hundred,  Kent  county,  Del., 
December  29, 1817 ;  attended  the  common  schools 
and  Dickinson  college,  Pa. ;  member  of  state  leg- 
islature 1853-1854;  moved  to  Dover,  Del.,  in 
1856;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in 
1857,  and  practiced;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to 
the  United  States  Senate ;  reelected  in  1876,  and 
1883,  and  served  from  March  4,  1871,  to  March 
3,  1889 ;  died  in  Dover,  Del.,  March  22,  1893. 

Saulsbury,  Willard,  a  Senator  from  Dela- 
ware; born  in  Mispillion  Hundred,  Kent  county, 
Del.,  June  2,  1820;  attended  the  common  schools 
and  Dickinson  college,  Pa. ;  studied  law,  was 
admitted  to  the  bar,  and  practiced  in  George- 
town, Del. ;  attorney-general  of  Delaware  1850- 
1855;  delegate  in  the  Democratic  national  con- 
vention of  1856;  elected  to  the  United  States 
Senate;  reelected,  and  served  from  March  4, 
1859,  to  March  3,  1871;  delegate  in  the  Demo- 
cratic national  convention  of  1864 ;  chancellor 
of  the  state  in  1874,  until  his  death  in  Dover, 
Del.,  April  6,  1892. 

Saunders,  Alvin,  a  Senator  from  Nebraska; 
born  in  Fleming  county,  Ky.,  July  12,  1817 ;  at- 
tended the  common  schools  and  pursued  an 
academic  course;  moved  with  his  father  to 
Illinois  in  1829,  and  to  Mount  Pleasant,  Iowa 
(then  a  part  of  Wisconsin  Territory),  in  1836; 
postmaster  of  Mt.  Pleasant  for  seven  years; 
studied  law,  but  never  entered  upon  its  prac- 
tice; engaged  in  mercantile  and  banking  pur- 
suits ;  member  of  the  state  constitutional  con- 
vention of  1846 ;  member  of  the  state  senate  for 
eight  years ;  member  of  the  first  Republican 
convention  ever  held  in  Iowa ;  delegate  in  the 
Republican  national  convention  in  Chicago  in 
1860;  one  of  the  commissioners  appointed  by 
Congress  to  organize  the  Pacific  railroad  com- 
pany ;  governor  of  the  Territory  of  Nebraska 
1861-1867;  delegate  in  the  Republican  national 
convention  in  Chicago  in  1868;  elected  as  a  Re- 
publican to  the  United  States  Senate,  and  served 
from  March  5,  1877,  to  March  3,  1883;  died  in 
Omaha,  Nebr.,  November  1,  1899. 

Saunders,  Edward  Watts,  a  Representative 
from  Virginia ;  born  in  Franklin  county,  Va., 
October  25,  1860;  attended  the  common  schools, 
the  Bellevue  high  school  of  Bedford  county,  Va., 
and  was  graduated  from  the  University  of  Vir- 
ginia in  1882 ;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the 
bar,  and  commenced  practice  in  Rocky  Mount, 
Va.,  in  1882;  member  of  the  state  legislature  a 
number  of  terms;  elected  speaker  of  the  house 
in  1899;  elected  judge  of  the  fourth  circuit  in 
1901 ;  judge  of  the  seventh  circuit ;  elected  as  a 
Democrat  to  the  Fifty-ninth  Congress,  to  fill 


BIOGRAPHIES. 


977 


vacancy  caused  by  the  resignation  of  Claude  A. 
Swanson;  reelected  to  the  Sixtieth  and  Sixty- 
first  Congresses  and  served  from  November  6, 
1906,  to  March  3,  1911.  Reelected  to  the  Sixty- 
second  Congress. 

Saunders,  Romulus  Mitchell,  a  Representa- 
tive from  North  Carolina ;  born  in  Caswell 
(then  Orange)  county,  N.  C.,  March  3,  1791; 
pursued  classical  studies,  and  attended  the  Uni- 
versity of  North  Carolina  1809-1811;  studied 
law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  in  1812  began 
practice  in  Milton,  N.  C. ;  member  of  the  house 
of  commons  of  North  Carolina  1815,  1817,  and 
1839,  and  served  two  years  as  speaker;  elected 
as  a  Democrat  to  the  Seventeenth,  Eighteenth, 
and  Nineteenth  Congresses  (March  4,  1821- 
March  3,  1827)  ;  declined  a  reelection;  attorney 
general  of  the  state  1828-1831 ;  judge  of  the  su- 
perior court  in  1835-1840 ;  defeated  on  the  Demo- 
cratic ticket  for  governor  in  1840;  reelected  to 
the  Twenty-seventh  and  Twenty-eighth  Con- 
gresses (March  4,  1841-March  3,  1845)  ;  minis- 
ter to  Spain  1846-1849 ;  again  elected  a  member 
of  the  state  house  of  commons  1850-1852 ;  judge 
of  the  superior  court  1852—1856;  member  of  the 
board  of  commissioners  to  revise  the  laws  of 
North  Carolina ;  trustee  of  the  University  of 
North  Carolina  1819-1864;  died  in  Raleigh, 
N.  C.,  April  21,  1867. 

Savage,  John,  a  Representative  from  New 
York;  born  in  Salem,  N.  Y.,  in  1779;  attended 
the  common  schools,  and  was  graduated  from 
Union  college  in  1799;  studied  law,  was  admit- 
ted to  the  bar  and  practiced  in  Salem,  N.  Y., 
1800-1819 ;  served  in  the  state  assembly  in  1814 ; 
elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Fourteenth  and 
Fifteenth  Congresses  (March  4,  1815-March  3, 
1819);  United  States  district  attorney;  state 
comptroller  1821-1823 ;  chief  justice  of  the  state 
supreme  court  1823-1837;  assistant  United 
States  treasurer  in  New  York  City ;  presidential 
elector  on  the  Polk  and  Dallas  ticket  in  1845; 
died  in  Utica,  N.  Y.,  October  19,  1863. 

Savage,  John  Houston,  a  Representative 
from  Tennessee;  born  in  McMinnville,  Tenn., 
October  9,  1815;  attended  the  common  schools; 
served  as  a  private  in  the  Seminole  war ;  studied 
law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  began  prac- 
tice in  Smithville,  Tenn. ;  colonel  of  state 
militia ;  attorney  general  of  the  fourth  Tennes- 
see district  1841-1847;  presidential  elector  on 
the  Polk  and  Dallas  ticket  in  1844 ;  major  of  the 
fourteenth  United  States  infantry  in  the  Mexi- 
can war,  and  promoted  to  lieutenant-colonel ; 
elected  to  the  Thirty-first  and  Thirty-second 
Congresses  (March  4,  1849-March  3,  1853)  ;  de- 
clined a  reelection;  reelected  to  the  Thirty- 
fourth  and  Thirty-fifth  Congresses  (March  4, 
1855-March  3,  1859)  ;  colonel  of  the  sixteenth 
Tennessee  infantry  in  the  Confederate  army, 
and  was  wounded  at  Perryville  and  Murfrees- 
boro ;  member  of  the  state  legislature  in  1877- 
1879  and  1887;  died  in  McMinnville,  Tenn.. 
April  5,  1904. 

Savage,  John  Simpson,  a  Representative 
from  Ohio;  born  in  Clermont  county,  Ohio, 
October  30,  1841 ;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to 
the  bar,  and  began  practice  in  Wilmington,  Ohio, 
in  1865 ;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Forty- 
fourth  Congress  (March  4,1875-March  3,1877)  ; 
unsuccessful  candidate  for  reelection ;  died  in 
Wilmington,  Ohio,  November  24,  1884. 

50346'-'— S.  Doc.  654,  61-2 62 


Sawtelle,  Cullen,  a  Representative  from 
Maine ;  born  in  Norridgewock,  Me.,  September  25, 
1805;  was  graduated  from  Bowdoin  college  in 
1825 ;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and 
in  1829  began  practice  in  Norridgewock ;  register 
of  probate  1830-1838;  member  of  the  state  sen- 
ate 1843-1844;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the 
Twenty-ninth  Congress  (March  4,  1843-March  3, 
1845)  ;  reelected  to  the  Thirty-first  Congress 
(March  4,  1849-March  3,  1851;  died  in  Engle- 
wood,  N.  J.,  November  10,  1887. 

Sawyer,  Frederick  Adolphus,  a  Senator  from 
South  Carolina ;  born  in  Bolton,  Mass.,  Decem- 
ber 12,  1822;  was  graduated  from  Harvard  col- 
lege in  1844;  taught  school  in  Gardiner,  Me., 
1844-1847;  in  Wiscasset,  Me.,  1847-1851;  in 
Lowell,  Mass.,  and  Nashua,  N.  H.,  in  1852;  in 
Wakefield.  Mass.,  1853-1855,  and  in  Boston, 
Mass.,  1855-1859;  took  charge  of  the  normal 
school  in  Charleston,  S.  C.,  in  1859 ;  given  a  pass 
for  himself  and  family  through  the  lines  and 
allowed  to  return  to  the  North  in  1864 ;  returned 
to  Charleston  and  was  active  in  advancing  re- 
construction measures  in  1865;  appointed  col- 
lector of  internal  revenue  in  the  second  South 
Carolina  district  in  May,  1865;  elected  to  the 
United  States  Senate,  and  served  from  July  16, 
1868,  to  March  3,  1873;  Assistant  Secretary  of 
the  Treasury  1873-1876;  connected  with  the 
coast  survey  1874-1880;  special  agent  of  the 
War  Department  1880-1887;  died  in  Sewanee, 
Tenn.,  July  31,  1891. 

Sawyer,  John  Gilbert,  a  Representative  from 
New  York;  born  in  Brandon,  Vt.,  June  5,  1825; 
attended  the  common  schools  and  Millville  acad- 
emy; studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar  and 
practiced ;  justice  of  the  peace  from  January  1, 
1852,  to  April,  1858 ;  district  attorney  of  Orleans 
county  from  January  1,  1863,  to  January  1, 
1866;  judge  and  surrogate  of  Orleans  county, 
Vt,  from  January  1,  1868,  to  January  1,  1884; 
elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Forty-ninth, 
Fiftieth,  and  Fifty-first  Congresses  (March  4, 
1885-March  3,  1891) ;  resumed  the  practice  of 
law  in  Albion,  N.  Y.,  until  his  death,  September 
5,  1898. 

Sawyer,  Lemuel,  a  Representative  from 
North  Carolina ;  born  in  Camden  county,  N.  C., 
in  1777;  prepared  for  college  at  Flatbush  acad- 
emy, Long  Island,  N.  Y.,  and  was  graduated 
from  the  University  of  North  Carolina  in  1799; 
attended  the  University  of  Pennsylvania  for  a 
time;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in 
1804,  and  began  practice  in  Elizabeth,  N.  C. ; 
member  of  the  state  house  of  representatives  in 
1800  and  1801;  presidential  elector  on  the  Jef- 
ferson ticket  in  1804 ;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to 
the  Tenth,  Eleventh,  and  Twelfth  Congresses 
(March  4,  1807-March  3,  1813)  ;  reelected  to 
the  Fifteenth,  Sixteenth,  and  Seventeenth  Con- 
gresses (March  4,  1817-March  3,  1823)  ;  unsuc- 
cessful candidate  for  election  to  the  Eighteenth 
Congress;  elected  to  the  Nineteenth  and  Twen- 
tieth Congresses  (March  4, 1825-March  3, 1829) ; 
unsuccessful  candidate  for  reelection  to  the 
Twenty-first  Congress;  located  in  Elizabeth, 
N.  C. ;  department  clerk  in  Washington,  D.  C., 
until  his  death,  January  9,  1852. 

Sawyer,  Philetus,  a  Representative  and  a 
Senator  from  Wisconsin ;  born  in  Whiting,  Rut- 
land county,  Vt.,  September  22,  1816;  moved 
with  his  father's  family  to  Crown  Point,  N.  Y., 


978 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTOEY. 


in  1817 ;  attended  the  common  schools ;  went  to 
Fond  du  Lac  county,  Wis.,  in  1847  and  engaged 
in  the  lumber  business ;  member  of  the  legis- 
lature of  Wisconsin  in  1857  and  1863 ;  mayor 
of  Oshkosh  in  1863  and  1864;  delegate  in 
the  Republican  national  convention  in  Balti- 
more in  1864,  in  Cincinnati  in  1876,  and  in  Chi- 
cago in  1880;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the 
Thirty-ninth,  and  to  the  four  succeeding  Con- 
gresses (March  4,  1865-March  3,  1875)  ;  elected 
to  the  United  States  Senate  and  reelected  and 
served  from  March  4,  1881,  to  March  3,  1893; 
unsuccessful  candidate  for  reelection;  died  in 
Oshkosh,  Wis.,  March  29,  1900. 

Sawyer,  Samuel  Locke,  a  Representative 
from  Missouri ;  born  in  Mount  Vernon,  N.  H., 
November  27,  1813 ;  was  graduated  from  Dart- 
mouth college  in  1833 ;  studied  law  and  was  ad- 
mitted to  the  bar  in  Amherst,  N.  H.,  in  1836; 
settled  in  Lexington,  Mo.,  in  1838;  circuit  attor- 
ney of  the  sixth  judicial  circuit  of  Missouri  in 
1848,  and  reelected  in  1852 ;  delegate  in  the  Mis- 
souri constitutional  convention  of  1861 ;  dele- 
gate in  the  Democratic  national  convention  in 
1868 ;  elected  judge  of  the  twenty-fourth  judicial 
circuit  in  1871  and  reelected  in  1874 ;  elected  as 
a  Democrat  to  the  Forty-sixth  Congress  (March 
4,  1879-March  3,  1881)  ;  died  in  Independence, 
Mo.,  April  1,  1890. 

Sawyer,  Samuel  T.,  a  Representative  from 
North  Carolina ;  born  in  Chowan  county.  N.  C., 
in  1800;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar, 
and  began  practice  in  Edenton ;  member  of  the 
state  house  of  representatives  1829-1832 ;  elected 
as  a  Democrat  to  the  Twenty-fifth  Congress 
(March  4,  1837-March  3.  1839)  ;  defeated  for  re- 
election ;  moved  to  Norfolk,  Va.,  and  engaged  in 
newspaper  work;  died  in  Norfolk,  Va.,  Novem- 
ber 29,  1865. 

Sawyer,  William,  a  Representative  from 
Ohio;  native  of  St.  Marys,  Ohio:  elected  to  the 
Twenty -ninth  and  Thirtieth  Congresses  (March 
4,  1845-ilarch  3,  1849). 

Say,  Benjamin,  a  Representative  from  Penn- 
sylvania ;  born  in  Philadelphia,  Pa.,  in  1756 ;  at- 
tended the  Quaker  schools  and  studied  medicine 
in  the  University  of  Pennsylvania ;  commenced 
practice  in  Philadelphia ;  served  in  the  Revolu- 
tionary war;  elected  to  the  Tenth  Congress,  to 
fill  vacancy  caused  by  the  resignation  of  Joseph 
Clay ;  reelected  to  the  Eleventh  Congress,  and 
served  from  November  16,  1808,  until  his  resig- 
nation in  June,  1809;  founder  of  the  College  of 
Physicians  of  Philadelphia,  and  its  treasurer 
3791-1809;  died  in  Philadelphia,  Pa.,  April  23, 
1813. 

Sayers,  Joseph  Draper,  a  Representative  from 
Texas;  born  in  Grenada,  Miss.,  September  23, 
1841 ;  moved  with  his  father  to  Bastrop,  Tex., 
in  1851 ;  attended  Bastrop  military  institute ; 
entered  the  Confederate  army  in  1861  and  served 
continuously  until  April,  1865 ;  attained  the 
rank  of  major ;  taught  school ;  studied  law  in 
Bastrop,  Tex.,  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in 
1866 ;  member  of  the  state  senate  in  1873 ;  chair- 
man of  the  Democratic  state  executive  commit- 
tee 1875-1878;  lieutenant  governor  of  Texas 
1879-1880;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Forty- 
ninth,  and  to  the  six  succeeding  Congresses,  and 
served  from  March  4,  1885.  until  his  resignation 
January  16,  1899:  governor  of  Texas  1899-1903; 
resumed  the  practice  of  law  in  Austin,  Tex. 


Sayler,  Henry  Benton,  a  Representative  from 
Indiana ;  born  in  Montgomery  county,  Ohio, 
March  31,  1836 ;  moved  to  Clinton  county,  Ind. ; 
attended  the  common  schools;  studied  law  and 
was  admitted  to  the  bar;  served  in  the  Union 
army  as  lieutenant,  captain,  and  major ;  elected 
as  a  Republican  to  the  Forty-third  Congress 
(March  4,  1873-March  3,  1875)  ;  elected  judge 
in  1882  and  served  six  years ;  died  in  Hunting- 
ton,  Ind.,  June  18,  1900. 

Sayler,  Milton,  a  Representative  from  Ohio ; 
born  in  Lewisburg,  Preble  county,  Ohio,  No- 
vember 4,  1831 ;  pursued  classical  studies  and 
was  graduated  from  Miami  University  in  1852 ; 
studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bnr  and  prac- 
ticed ;  member  of  the  state  legislature  1862- 
1863 ;  member  of  the  city  council  of  Cincinnati 
1864—1865 ;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Forty- 
third,  Forty-fourth,  and  Forty-fifth  Congresses 
(March  4,  1873-March  3,  1879)  ;  speaker  pro 
tempore  of  the  house  of  representatives ;  died  in 
New  York  City. 

Scales,  Alfred  Moore,  a  Representative  from 
North  Carolina  ;  born  in  Reedsville,  Rockingham 
county,  N.  C.,  November  26, 1827 ;  pursued  classi- 
cal studies,  attended  the  Caldwell  institute  in 
Greensboro  and  the  University  of  North  Caro- 
lina 1845-1846 ;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the 
bar  in  1851,  and  practiced  in  Madison,  N.  C. ; 
solicitor  of  Rockingham  county  in  1853 ;  member 
of  the  general  assembly  of  North  Carolina  1852- 
1853,  and  1856-1857 ;  presidential  elector  on  the 
Breckenridge  and  Lane  ticket  in  1860;  elected 
as  a  Democrat  to  the  Thirty-fifth  Congress 
(March  4,  1857-March  3,  1859)  ;  volunteered  in 
the  Civil  war  as  a  private  in  the  Confederate 
army,  afterwards  promoted  and  served  as  cap- 
tain, colonel,  and  brigadier-general ;  resumed  the 
practice  of  law  in  Greensboro,  N.  C. ;  again  a 
member  of  the  general  assembly  1S66-1S69 ; 
elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Forty-fourth,  and 
to  the  four  succeeding  Congresses,  and  served 
from  March  4,  1875,  until  his  resignation,  De- 
cember 30,  1884,  to  become  governor  of  North 
Carolina ;  governor  of  North  Carolina,  1884- 
1888;  engaged  in  banking  in  Greensboro,  N.  C., 
until  his  death,  February  9,  1892. 

Scammon,  John  Fairneld,  a  Representative 
from  Maine;  born  in  Saco,  Mass.,  (now  Maine), 
October  24,  1786;  attended  the  public  schools; 
merchant ;  member  of  the  state  house  of  rep- 
resentatives 1817,  1820,  and  1821;  collector  of 
customs  in  Saco  1829-1841;  elected  as  a  Demo- 
crat to  the  Twenty-ninth  Congress  (March  4, 
1845-March  3,  1847)  ;  member  of  the  state  sen- 
ate in  1855 ;  died  in  Saco.  Me.,  May  23,  1858. 

Scarborough,  Robert  Bethea,  a  Representa- 
tive from  South  Carolina ;  born  in  Chesterfield, 
S.  C.,  October  29,  1861;  attended  the  common 
schools  and  Mullins,  S.  C.,  academy ;  studied 
law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar  May  27,  1884,  and 
commenced  practice  in  Conway,  S.  C. ;  member 
of  the  state  senate  from  Horry  county,  S.  C., 
and  was  elected  president  pro  tempore  in  1898 : 
lieutenant-governor  of  South  Carolina  in  1899 ; 
elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Fifty-seventh  and 
Fifty-eighth  Congresses  (March  4,  1901-March 
3,  1905)  ;  resumed  the  practice  of  law  in  Con- 
way,  S.  C. 

Schell,  Richard,  a  Representative  from  New 
York;  born  in  Rhinebeck,  N.  Y.,  May  15,  1810; 
completed  preparatory  studies ;  merchant ;  moved 


BIOGRAPHIES. 


979 


to  New  York  in  1830  and  became  a  wholesale 
dry  goods  merchant ;  member  of  the  state  senate 
in  1857;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Forty- 
third  Congress,  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  the 
death  of  David  B.  Mellish,  and  served  from 
December  7,  1874,  to  March  3,  1875;  died  in 
New  York  City,  November  10,  1S79. 

Schenck,  Abraham  H.,  a  Representative  from 
New  York ;  born  in  Duchess  county,  N.  Y.,  in 
1777;  pursued  classical  studies;  member  of  the 
state  house  of  representatives  1804-1806 ;  elected 
as  a  Democrat  to  the  Fourteenth  Congress 
(March  4,  1815-March  3,  1817)  ;  engaged  in 
manufacturing;  died  February  20,  1831. 

Schenck,  Ferdinand  Schureman,  a  Represent- 
ative from  New  Jersey;  born  in  Middlesex 
county,  N.  J.,  February  11,  1790 ;  completed  pre- 
paratory studies ;  studied  medicine  and  prac- 
ticed ;  member  of  the  state  house  of  represent- 
atives 1829-1831 ;  elected  as  a  Jackson  Demo- 
crat to  the  Twenty-third  Congress  (March  4, 
m33-March  3.  1835)  ;  reelected  to  the  Twenty- 
fourth  Congress  (March  4,  1835-March  3,  1837) ; 
member  of  the  state  constitutional  convention  of 
1844;  died  in  Camden,  N.  J.,  May  17,  1860. 

Schenck,  Robert  Gumming-,  a  Representative 
from  Ohio;  born  in  Franklin,  Ohio,  October  4, 
1809;  was  graduated  from  Miami  university  in 
1827,  and  was  a  tutor  for  three  years;  studied 
law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  practiced  in 
Dayton,  Ohio ;  member  of  the  state  legislature 
1841-1843;  elected  as  a  Whig  to  the  Twenty- 
eighth,  and  to  the  three  succeeding  Congresses 
(March  4, 1843-March3, 1851)  ;  appointed  minis- 
ter to  Brazil,  and  also  accredited  to  Uruguay,  Ar- 
gentine Confederation,  and  Paraguay  1851-1854; 
entered  the  Union  army  May  17,  1861,  as  briga- 
dier general  of  volunteers ;  promoted  to  major 
general  September  18.  1862,  to  date  from  Aug- 
ust 30,  1862;  resigned  December  3.  1863;  re- 
elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Thirty-eighth, 
and  to  the  three  succeeding  Congresses  (March 
4,  1863-March  3,  1871 )  ;  delegate  in  the  Phila- 
delphia Loyalist  convention  of  1866;  member  of 
the  Alabama  claims  commission  in  1871 ;  minis- 
ter to  Great .  Britain  1870-1876,  when  he  re- 
signed ;  resumed  the  practice  of  law  in  Wash- 
ington, D.  C.,  until  his  death,  March  23,  1890. 

Schermerhorn,  Abraham  Maus,  a  Represent- 
ative from  New  York ;  born  iij  Schenectady, 
N.  Y.,  December  11,  1791 ;  completed  preparatory 
studies  and  was  graduated  from  Union  college 
in  1810;  studied  law,  and  was  admitted  to  the 
bar  in  1812;  moved  to  Rochester,  N.  Y.,  in  1813; 
held  several  local  offices;  engaged  in  the  bank- 
ing business ;  mayor  of  Rochester  in  1837 ; 
member  of  the  state  house  of  representatives  in 
1848:  elected  as  a  Whig  to  the  Thirty-first  and 
Thirty-second  Congresses  (March  4,  1849-March 
3.  1853)  ;  died  in  Rochester,  N.  Y.,  August  22, 
1855. 

Schermerhorn,  Simon  Jacob,  a  Represent- 
ative from  New  York;  born  in  Rotterdam, 
Schenectady  county,  N.  Y.,  September  26,  1827; 
attended  the  common  schools;  engaged  in  farm- 
ing ;  supervisor ;  elected  to  the  state  legislature 
in  1862:  a  director  and  trustee  in  local  banks; 
Cleveland  elector  in  1888;  elected  as  a  Demo- 
crat to  the  Fifty-third  Congress  (March  4, 
1S93-Mnrch  3,  1895)  ;  died  in  Rotterdam,  N.  Y., 
July  21,  1891. 


Schirm,  Charles  Reginald,  a  Representative 
from  Maryland;  born  in  Baltimore,  Md.,  August 
12,  1864 ;  attended  the  public  schools ;  began  a 
four  years'  apprenticeship  at  iron  molding;  at- 
tended Washington  and  Jefferson  college,  Wash- 
ington, Pa. ;  taught  school  in  Pennsylvania  and 
Maryland ;  studied  law  and  was  admitted  to 
the  Baltimore  county  bar  March  6,  1896;  mem- 
ber of  the  house  of  delegates  of  Maryland  1898- 
1900 ;  appointed  counsel  to  the  board  of  police 
commissioners  for  Baltimore  city  and  served 
1899-1900;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the 
Fifty-seventh  Congress  (March  4,  1901-March  3, 
1903)  ;  unsuccessful  candidate  for  reelection  to 
the  Fifty-eighth  Congress;  resumed  the  practice 
of  law  in  Baltimore,  Md. 

Schleicher,  Grustave,  a  Representative  from 
Texas ;  born  in  Darmstadt,  Germany,  November 
19,  1823;  attended  the  University  of  Giessen; 
became  a  civil  engineer  and  was  employed  in 
the  construction  of  several  European  railroads; 
emigrated  to  Texas  in  1847,  and  in  1850  settled 
in  San  Antonio;  member  of  the  state  house  of 
representatives  1853-1854 ;  served  in  the  state 
senate  1859-1861;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the 
Forty-fourth  and  Forty-fifth  Congresses  and 
served  from  March  4,  1875,  until  his  death  in 
Washington,  D.  C.,  January  10,  1879. 

Schley,  William,  a  Representative  from  Geor- 
gia ;  born  in  Frederick,  Md.,  December  15,  1786 ; 
moved  with  parents  to  Georgia  in  childhood; 
completed  preparatory  studies ;  attended  the 
academies  of  Louisville  and  Augusta,  Ga. ; 
studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  in 
1812  began  practice  in  Augusta,  Ga. ;  judge  of 
the  superior  court  1825-1828 ;  member  of  the 
state  house  of  representatives  in  1830 ;  elected 
as  a  Democrat  to  the  Twenty-third  Congress 
(March  4,  1833-March  3,  1835)  ;  governor  of 
Georgia  1835-1847;  president  of  the  Georgia 
medical  college,  Augusta,  for  several  years; 
died  near  Augusta,  Ga.,  November  20,  1858. 

Schneebeli,  Gustav  Adolphus,  a  Representa- 
tive from  Pennsylvania ;  born  in  Neusalz,  Prus- 
sia, May  23,  1853;  came  with  his  parents  to 
the  United  States  and  settled  in  Bethlehem,  Pa. ; 
later  removed  to  Nazareth,  Pa.,  and  entered 
upon  a  mercantile  career;  founded  the  knit- 
goods  industry  of  the  Nazareth  waist  company ; 
in  1888  he  established  a  lace  manufacturing 
company,  of  which  he  became  sole  owner; 
elected  us  a  Republican  to  the  Fifty -ninth  Con- 
gress (March  4,  1905-March  3,  1907)  ;  resumed 
the  manufacturing  business  in  Nazareth,  Pa. 

Schoolcraft,  John  L.,  a  Representative  from 
New  York ;  Native  of  Albany,  N.  Y. ;  received  a 
limited  schooling;  merchant;  elected  as  a  Whig 
to  the  Thirty-first  and  Thirty-second  Congresses 
(March  4,  1849-March  3,  1853)  ;  died  in  St. 
Catherines,  Canada,  May  11,  1860. 

Schoonmaker,  Cornelius  C.,  a  Representative 
from  New  York;  born  in  Shawangunk,  Ulster 
county,  N.  Y.,  in  June,  1745 ;  received  a  limited 
schooling,  but  became  a  surveyor;  member  of 
the  committees  of  vigilance  and  safety  during 
the  Revolutionary  war;  member  of  the  state 
assembly  1777-1790;  member  of  the  state  con- 
vention for  the  adoption  of  the  Federal  consti- 
tution: elected  to  the  Second  Congress  (March 
4.  1791 -March  3,  1793)  ;  again  a  member  of  the 
state  assembly  1795-1796;  died  in  Shawangunk, 
N.  Y.,  in  the  spring  of  1790. 


980 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 


Schoonmaker,  Marius,  a  Representative  from 
New  York;  born  in  Kingston,  N.  Y.,  April  24, 
1811 ;  attended  the  common  schools  and  Kingston 
academy,  and  was  graduated  from  Yale  college 
in  1830 ;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1833 ;  mem- 
ber of  the  state  senate  1849-1850;  elected  as  a 
Whig  to  the  Thirty-second  Congress  (March  4, 
1851-March  3,  1853)  ;  auditor  of  the  canal  de- 
partment of  New  York  state  1854-1855 ;  superin- 
tendent of  the  banking  department;  resumed 
the  law  practice  in  Kingston,  N.  Y. ;  delegate  in 
the  state  constitutional  convention  of  1867 ;  presi- 
dent of  the  board  of  directors  of  Kingston ;  died 
in  Kingston,  N.  Y.,  January  5,  1894. 

Schumaker,  John  Godfrey,  a  Representative 
from  New  York;  born  in  Claverack,  N.  Y.,  June 
26,  1826;  completed  preparatory  studies  in  the 
Lenox,  Mass.,  academy ;  studied  law,  was  ad- 
mitted to  the  bar,  and  began  practice  in  1847 ; 
moved  to  Brooklyn,  N.  Y,,  in  1853;  district  at- 
torney for  Kings  county;  corporation  counsel 
for  the  city  of  Brooklyn  1862-1864 ;  member  of 
the  state  constitutional  conventions  of  1862, 
1867,  and  1894;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the 
Forty-first  Congress  (March  4,  1869-March  3, 
1871)  ;  reelected  to  the  Forty-third  and  Forty- 
fourth  Congresses  (March  4,  1873-March  3, 
1877)  ;  died  in  Brooklyn,  N.  Y.,  November  23. 
1905. 

Schuneman,  Martin  G.,  a  Representative  from 
New  York;  a  native  of  Ulster  county,  N.  Y. ; 
attended  the  common  schools;  elected  to  the 
Ninth  Congress  (March  4,  1805-March  3,  1807). 

Schureman,  James,  a  Delegate  and  a  Repre- 
sentative and  Senator  from  New  Jersey ;  born  in 
New  Brunswick,  N.  J.,  February  12,  1756;  was 
graduated  from  Rutgers  college  in  1775 ;  became 
a  merchant;  served  in  the  Revolutionary  army; 
member  of  the  state  house  of  representatives 
1783-1784,  1785,  1788 ;  member  of  the  provincial 
congress  of  New  Jersey  1786;  Delegate  in  the 
Continental  Congress  1786-1787;  elected  as  a 
Federalist  to  the  First  Congress  (March  4, 
1789-March  3,  1791)  ;  reelected  to  the  Fifth 
Congress  (March  4,  1797-March  3,  1799)  ; 
elected  to  the  United  States  Senate,  to  fill 
vacancy  caused  by  the  resignation  of  John 
Rutherfurd  and  served  from  December  3,  1799, 
until  his  resignation  February  6,  1801;  member 
of  the  state  senate  and  council  of  New  Jersey 
1808,  1810,  1812 ;  mayor  of  New  Brunswick ; 
elected  to  the  Thirteenth  Congress  (March  4, 
1813-March  3,  1815)  ;  died  in  New  Brunswick, 
N.  J.,  January  22,  1824. 

Schurz,  Carl,  a  Senator  from  Missouri;  born 
in  Liblar,  Germany,  March  2,  1829;  pursued 
classical  studies;  came  to  the  United  States 
in  1852  and  located  in  Philadelphia,  Pa. ;  moved 
to  Watertown,  Wis.,  in  1855;  studied  law  and 
was  admitted  to  the  bar ;  unsuccessful  candidate 
for  lieutenant  governor  of  Wisconsin ;  engaged 
in  the  practice  of  law  in  Milwaukee,  Wis. ;  dele- 
gate in  the  Chicago  convention  of  1860;  ap- 
pointed minister  to  Spain  in  1861,  but  soon 
afterwards  resigned ;  appointed  brigadier  gen- 
eral of  volunteers  in  the  Union  army ;  engaged 
in  newspaper  work  after  the  war  in  St.  Louis, 
Mo. ;  delegate  in  the  Chicago  convention  of  1868 ; 
elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  United  States 
Senate  and  served  from  March  4,  1869.  to  March 
3.  1875;  Secretary  of  the  Interior  of  the  United 
States  1877-1881;  editor  of  New  York  Evening 


Post  1881-1884;  contributed  to  Harper's 
Weekly  1892-1898;  president  of  National  civil 
service  reform  league  1892-1901 ;  author ;  died 
in  New  York  City,  May  14,  1906. 

Schuyler,  Philip,  a  Delegate  and  a  Senator 
from  New  York ;  born  in  Albany,  N.  Y.,  No- 
vember 20,  1733;  attended  the  common  schools 
of  Albany  and  studied  under  a  private  tutor  in 
New  Rochelle,  N.  Y. ;  served  in  the  Revolution- 
ary army ;  commissioned  captain  June  14,  1755 ; 
served  under  Gen.  Phineas  Lyman ;  appointed 
chief  commissary  in  1756 ;  resigned  from  the 
British  army  in  1757,  and  in  1758  rejoined  Gen. 
Bradstreet  as  commissary  with  the  rank  of 
major ;  sent  to  England  to  settle  colonial  claims 
in  1758 ;  returned  in  1763  and  engaged  in  the 
lumber  business  in  Saratoga.  N.  Y. ;  built  the 
first  flax  mill  in  America ;  boundary  commis- 
sioner to  settle  the  line  between  New  York  and 
Massachusetts  in  1764 ;  Delegate  in  the  Conti- 
nental Congress  1775-1777 ;  appointed  one  of  the 
four  major  generals  in  the  Continental  army  in 
1775,  but  became  involved  in  military  disputes 
and  resigned  in  1779;  state  senator  from  the 
western  New  York  district  1780-1784,  1786- 
1790,  and  1792-1797;  again  a  Delegate  in  the 
Continental  Congress  1778-1781 ;  elected  as  a 
Federalist  to  the  United  States  Senate,  and 
served  from  March  4,  1789,  to  March  3,  1791; 
again  elected  and  served  from  March  4.  1797, 
to  January  3.  1798,  when  he  resigned ;  died  in 
Albany,  N.  Y.,  November  18,  1804. 

Schuyler,  Philip  J.,  a  Representative  from 
New  York ;  born  in  Dutchess  county,  N.  Y..  in 
1768;  received  a  limited  schooling;  elected  to 
the  Fifteenth  Congress  (March  4,  1817-March  3. 
1819)  ;  died  in  New  York  City,  February  21, 
1835. 

Schwartz,  John,  a  Representative  from  Penn- 
sylvania ;  born  in  Berks  county,  Pa.,  October 
27,  1793 ;  attended  the  public  schools ;  served  in 
the  War  of  1812  as  a  lieutenant ;  became  a  mer- 
chant and  later  a  farmer ;  elected  as  a  Democrat 
to  the  Thirty-sixth  Congress,  and  served  from 
March  4,  1859,  until  his  death  in  Reading,  Pa., 
June  20,  1860. 

Scofield,  Glenni  William,  a  Representative 
from  Pennsylvania ;  born  in  Dewittville,  Chau- 
tauqua  county,  N.  Y.,  March  11,  1817 ;  was 
graduated  from  Hamilton  college  in  1840;  stud- 
ied law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  began 
practice  in  Warren,  Pa.,  in  1842 ;  district  attor- 
ney 1846-1848 ;  member  of  the  state  assembly 
1850-1851 ;  served  in  the  state  senate  1857-1859 ; 
appointed  president  judge  of  the  eighteenth  ju- 
dicial district  of  Pennsylvania  in  1861;  elected 
as  a  Republican  to  the  Thirty-eighth,  and  to 
the  five  succeeding  Congresses  (March  4,  1863- 
March  3,  1875)  ;  appointed  Register  of  the 
Treasury  and  served  1878-1881 ;  associate  jus- 
tice of  the  United  States  Court  of  Claims  1881- 
1891 ;  died  in  \Varreu,  Pa.,  August  30,  1891. 

Scott,  Charles  Frederick,  a  Representative 
from  Kansas;  born  in  Allen  county,  Ivans.,  Sep- 
tember 7,  1860 ;  attended  the  common  schools, 
and  was  graduated  from  the  University  of 
Kansas  in  1881 ;  went  to  Colorado,  New  Mexico, 
and  Arizona,  and  was  engaged  chiefly  in  clerical 
work  ;  returned  to  lola,  Kans.,  in  1882  and  edited 
the  lola  Register ;  appointed  regent  of  the  uni- 
versity in  1891  for  a  term  of  four  years  and  has 
been  twice  reuppoiuted ;  elected  as  a  Republican 


BIOGRAPHIES. 


981 


to  the  state  senate  of  Kansas  in  1892  and  served 
for  four  years;  Republican  presidential  elector 
in  1896;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Fifty- 
seventh,  and  to  the  four  succeeding  Congresses 
(March  4,  1901-March  3,  1911)  reengaged  in 
newspaper  work  in  lola,  Kans. 

Scott,  Charles  L.,  a  Representative  from  Cali- 
fornia ;  born  in  Richmond,  Va.,  January  23, 
1827;  was  graduated  from  William  and  Mary 
college;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar, 
and  began  practice  in  Richmond,  Va. ;  went  to 
California  in  1849;  resumed  the  practice  of  law 
in  1851  in  Sonora,  Calif. ;  elected  as  a  Democrat 
to  the  Thirty-fifth  and  Thirty-sixth  Congresses 
(March  4,  1857-March  3,  1861). 

Scott,  Gustavus,  a  Delegate  from  Maryland  ; 
born  in  Prince  William  county,  Va. ;  attended 
King's  college,  Aberdeen,  Scotland ;  returned  to 
America ;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar, 
and  commenced  practice  in  Somerset  county, 
Md. ;  delegate  in  the  Annapolis  convention  of 
July  22,  1774;  member  of  the  association  of  the 
freemen  of  Maryland ;  member  of  the  first  con- 
stitutional convention  of  Maryland ;  member  of 
the  state  assembly  in  1780  and  1784 ;  one  of  the 
commissioners  to  superintend  the  erection  of 
the  Capitol  in  Washington ;  Delegate  to  the  Con- 
tinental Congress  1784-85;  died  in  Washington, 
D.  C.,  in  1801. 

Scott,  Harvey  D.,  a  Representative  from  In- 
diana ;  native  of  Ohio ;  attended  the  public 
schools ;  moved  to  Terre  Haute,  Ind. ;  held  sev- 
eral local  offices;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the 
Thirty-fourth  Congress  (March  4,  1855-March  3, 
1857). 

Scott,  John,  a  Delegate  and  a  Representative 
from  Missouri ;  born  in  Hanover  county,  Va., 
May  18,  1785 ;  moved  with  parents  to  Indian 
Territory  in  1802;  was  graduated  from  Prince- 
ton college  in  1805;  studied  law,  was  admitted 
to  the  bar,  and  began  practice  in  Ste.  Genevieve, 
Mo.,  in  1806;  elected  a  Delegate  from  Missouri 
Territory  to  the  Fourteenth  Congress,  and  served 
from  December  2,  1816,  to  January  13,  1817, 
when  his  seat  was  declared  vacant ;  elected  a 
Delegate  to  the  Fifteenth  and  Sixteenth  Con- 
gresses, and  served  from  December  1,  1817,  to 
March  3,  1821,  Missouri  becoming  a  state ; 
elected  to  the  Seventeenth,  Eighteenth,  and  Nine- 
teenth Congresses  (March  4,  1821-March  3, 
1827)  ;  unsuccessful  candidate  for  reelection  to 
the  Twentieth  Congress;  died  in  Ste.  Gene- 
vieve, Mo.,  October  1,  1861. 

Scott,  John,  a  Representative  from  Pennsyl- 
vania ;  born  in  Marsh  Creek,  near  Gettysburg, 
Pa.,  December  25,  1784 ;  tanner  and  shoemaker ; 
elected  to  the  Twenty-first  Congress  (March  4, 
1829-March  3,  1831)  ;  died  in  Alexandria,  Hunt- 
ingdon county.  Pa.,  September  22,  1850. 

Scott,  John,  a  Senator  from  Pennsylvania ; 
born  in  Alexandria,'  Pa.,  July  24,  1824 ;  attended 
the  common  schools  and  Marshall  college,  Cham- 
bersburg,  Pa. ;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the 
bar  in  1846  and  practiced  in  Huntingdon,  Pa. 
1846-1869;  prosecuting  attorney  1846-1849; 
member  of  the  revenue  commission  in  1851; 
member  of  the  state  legislature  in  1862;  elected 
as  a  Republican  to  the  United  States  Senate, 
and  served  from  March  4,  1869,  to  March  3, 
1875;  moved  to  Pittsburgh,  Pa.;  general  solici- 
tor of  the  Pennsylvania  railroad  1877-ls<ir>; 
died  in  Philadelphia,  Pa.,  November  29,  1896. 


Scott,  John  G.,  a  Representative  from  Mis- 
souri; born  in  Philadelphia,  Pa.,  December  26, 
1819;  completed  preparatory  studies;  moved  to 
Missouri  and  engaged  in  mining;  unsuccessful 
as  the  Democratic  candidate  to  the  Thirty- 
eighth  Congress;  then  elected  as  a  Democrat  to 
the  Thirty-eighth  Congress,  to  fill  vacancy 
caused  by  the  death  of  John  W.  Noell,  and 
served  from  December  7,  1863,  to  March  3,  1865. 

Scott,  John  Morin,  a  Delegate  from  New 
York ;  born  in  New  York  City  in  1730 ;  attended 
the  common  schools  and  was  graduated  from 
Yale  college  in  1746 ;  one  of  the  founders  of  the 
Sous  of  Liberty;  member  of  the  New  York  gen- 
eral committee  in  1775;  member  of  the  provin- 
cial congress  in  1775 ;  brigadier  general  in  the 
Revolutionary  war;  member  of  the  state  senate 
1777-1782;  secretary  of  state  of  New  York 
1778-1779 ;  Delegate  in  the  Continental  Congress 
3780-1783;  died  in  New  York  City  September 
14,  1784. 

Scott,  Nathan  Bay,  a  Senator  from  West  Vir- 
ginia ;  born  in  Guernsey  county,  Ohio,  December 
18,  1842 ;  attended  the  common  schools ;  engaged 
in  mining  in  Colorado  1859-1862;  enlisted  in  the 
Union  army  in  1862  as  a  private  in  the  Ohio 
volunteers,  and  was  mustered  out  in  1865 ;  after 
the  war  engaged  in  the  manufacture  of  glass  in 
Wheeling,  W.  Va. ;  elected  to  the  city  council  in 
1880  and  served  two  years  as  president ;  elected 
to  the  state  senate  in  1882  and  1886 ;  member 
of  the  Republican  national  committee  in  1888, 
and  a  member  of  the  executive  committee  a 
greater  portion  of  the  time;  appointed  Commis- 
sioner of  Internal  Revenue  by  President  McKin- 
ley,  and  entered  that  office  January  1,  1898 ; 
elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  United  States 
Senate  on  January  25,  1899,  reelected  in  1905, 
and  served  from  March  4,  1899,  to  March  3, 
1911 ;  engaged  in  banking  business  in  Wash- 
ington, D.  C. 

Scott,  Owen,  a  Representative  from  Illinois ; 
born  in  Jackson  township,  Effingham  county,  111., 
July  6,  1848 ; .  attended  the  common  schools ; 
taugh  school ;  superintendent  of  schools  for 
Effingham  county,  111.,  for  eight  years ;  was  ad- 
mitted to  the  bar  by  the  Illinois  supreme  court 
January  10,  1874,  and  practiced  law  for  ten 
years ;  engaged  in  newspaper  work ;  published 
the  Effingham  Democrat ;  became  proprietor  and 
manager  of  the  Bloomington  Daily  and  Weekly 
Bulletin ;  elected  city  attorney  and  mayor  of 
Effingham ;  deputy  collector  of  internal  revenue : 
elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Fifty-second  Con- 
gress (March  4,  1891-March  3,  1893)  ;  moved 
to  Decatur,  111.,  and  became  manager  of  the 
Decatur  Herald. 

Scott,  Thomas,  a  Representative  from  Penn- 
sylvania ;  native  of  Pennsylvania ;  attended  the 
public  schools;  elected  to  the  First  Congress 
(March  4,  1789-March  3,  1791)  ;  reelected  to 
the  Third  Congress  (March  4,  1793-March  3, 
1795). 

Scott,  William.  L.,  a  Representative  from 
Pennsylvania ;  born  in  Washington,  D.  C..  July 
2,  1828 ;  attended  the  common  schools ;  settled  in 
Erie,  Pa.,  in  1848,  and  was  employed  as  a  clerk 
in  the  shipping  business ;  engaged,  in  1850,  in 
the  coal  and  shipping  business,  and  owned 
several  vessels  on  the  great  lakes;  subsequently 
became  interested  in  the  manufacture  of  iron 
and  in  the  mining  of  coal,  as  well  as  the 


982 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 


construction  and  operation  of  railroads;  district 
delegate  in  the  Democratic  national  convention 
held  in  New  York  in  186S ;  delegate  from  the 
State  of  Pennsylvania  in  the  Democratic  na- 
tional convention  in  Cincinnati,  Ohio,  in  1880; 
member  of  the  Democratic  national  committee 
1876-1884;  elected  mayor  of  Erie  in  1866  and 
1871 ;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Forty-ninth 
and  Fiftieth  Congresses  (March  4,  1885-March 

3,  1889)  ;  died  in  Erie,  Pa.,  September  19,  1891. 

Scoville,  Jonathan,  a  Representative  from 
New  York ;  born  in  Salisbury,  Litchfleld  county, 
Conn. ;  attended  various  educational  institutions 
in  Massachusetts,  including  the  scientific  de- 
partment of  Harvard  university ;  engaged  in 
business  in  Canaan,  Conn.,  in  1854,  as  an  iron 
manufacturer  and  mine  owner;  moved  to  Buf- 
falo, N.  Y.,  in  I860,  and  established  a  car-wheel 
foundry;  the  succeeding  year  established  a  sec- 
ond foundry  in  Toronto,  Canada ;  elected  to  the 
Forty-sixth  Congress,  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by 
the  resignation  of  Rav  V.  Pierce,  and  served 
from  January  29,  1881,  to  March  3,  1883;  re- 
elected  to  the  Forty-seventh  Congress  (March 

4,  1881-March  3,  1883)  ;  elected  mayor  of  Buf- 
falo; died  in  Buffalo,  N.  Y.,  in  1891. 

Scranton,  George  Whitfield,  a  Representative 
from  Pennsylvania ;  born  in  Madison,  Conn., 
May  11,  1811 ;  completed  preparatory  studies ; 
moved  to  Belvidere,  N.  J.,  and  engaged  in  the 
manufacture  of  iron,  and  in  1840  began  smelt- 
ing ore  with  anthracite  coal  in  Slocnm,  Pa. 
(now  Scrauton)  ;  president  of  two  railroad 
companies;  elected  as  a  Whig  to  the  Thirty- 
sixth  and  Thirty-seventh  Congresses  (March  4, 
1859-March  3.  1863)  ;  died  in  Scrauton,  Pa., 
March  24,  1861. 

Scranton,  Joseph  A.,  a  Representative  from 
Pennsylvania  ;  born  in  Madison,  Conn.,  July  26, 
1838;  moved  to  Pennsylvania  in  1847 ;' pursued 
an  academic  course;  collector  of  internal  revenue 
1862-1866;  postmaster  of  Scranton,  Pa.,  1874- 
1881 ;  delegate  in  the  Republican  national  con- 
vention in  Philadelphia  in  1872;  founded  the 
Scranton  Daily  Republican  in  1867;  elected  as 
a  Republican  to  the  Forty-seventh  Congress 
(March  4.  1881-March  3,  1883)  ;  reelected  to 
the  Forty-ninth  Congress  (March  4,  1885-March 

3,  1887 ;  again  reelected  to  the  Fifty-first  Con- 
gress (March  4,  1889-March  3,  1891)  and  to  the 
Fifty -third  and  Fifty-fourth  Congresses  (March 

4,  1893-March  3,  1897)  ;  died  in  Scrauton,  Pa., 
October  12,  1908. 

Scroggy,  Thomas  Edmund,  a  Representative 
from  Ohio ;  born  in  Harveysburg,  Warren 
county,  Ohio,  March  18,  1843;  attended  the  pub- 
lic schools ;  engaged  in  manufacturing ;  served 
in  the  Civil  war;  enlisted  July,  1861,  as  a  pri- 
vate in  company  H,  thirty-ninth  Ohio  infantry, 
and  served  in  that  capacity  and  as  corporal  un- 
til July  4,  1864,  when  he  was  shot  through  the 
right  shoulder  and  lung  in  an  assault  on  the 
Confederate  works  at  Nickajack  Creek.  Ga. ; 
honorably  discharged  and  mustered  out  at  Camp 
Dennison  in  March,  1865 ;  in  June,  1865.  engaged 
in  retail  business  in  Xenia.  Ohio ;  studied  law ; 
elected  justice  of  fhe  peace  in  1869,  served  one 
term ;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  September  8, 
1871,  and  began  practice  in  Xenia ;  served  three 
terms  as  clerk  and  three  terms  as  solicitor  of 
the  city  of  Xenia.  Ohio;  common  pleas  judge  in 
1898,  again  elected  for  a  term  of  five  years,  be- 


ginning February,  1904;  elected  as  a  Republican 
to  the  Fifty-ninth  Congress  (March  4,  1905- 
March  3,  3907)  ;  retired  and  a  resident  of  Tulsa, 
Okla. 

Scudder,  Henry  J.,  a  Representative  from 
New  York ;  born  in  Northport,  N.  Y.,  in  1825 ; 
was  graduated  from  Trinity  college,  Hartford, 
Conii^,  in  1846 ;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the 
bar,  and  practiced  in  New  York  City ;  elected  to 
the  Forty-third  Congress  (March  4,  1873-March 

3,  1875)  ;  died  in  New  York  City,  February  12, 
1886. 

Scudder,  Isaac  W.,  a  Representative  from 
New  Jersey;  born  in  Elizabeth,  N.  J.,  in  1818; 
completed  preparatory  studies ;  studied  law,  was 
admitted  to  the  bar,  and  began  practice  in  Jer- 
sey City,  N.  J. ;  held  several  local  offices;  elected 
as  a  Republican  to  the  Forty-third  Congress 
March  4,  1873-March  3,  1875). 

Scudder,  John  A.,  a  Representative  from 
New  Jersey;  born  in  that  state  in  1767;  com- 
pleted preparatory  studies;  studied  medicine 
and  practiced;  held_  several  local  offices: 
elected  to  the  Eleventh  Congress,  to  fill  vacancy 
caused  by  the  death  of  James  Cox.  and  served 
from  December  3,  1810,  to  March  3,  1811;  moved 
to  Indiana ;  died  November  6,  1836. 

Scudder,  Nathaniel,  a  Delegate  from  New 
Jersey;  born  in  Huntington,  Long  Island,  N.  Y., 
May  10,  1733;  was  graduated  from  Princeton 
college  in  1751 ;  studied  medicine  and  prac- 
ticed in  Monmouth  county,  N.  J. ;  delegate  in 
the  provincial  congress  of  New  Jersey  in  1774 : 
member  of  state  house  of  representatives,  and 
served  as  speaker  1776;  lieutenant-colonel  of 
New  Jersey  militia  in  1776.  and  colonel  in  1781 ; 
Delegate  in  the  Continental  Congress  1777-1779 ; 
killed  while  resisting  an  invading  party  of  the 
British  armv  in  Blacks  Point,  near  Shrewsbury, 
N.  J.,  October  17,  1781. 

Scudder,  Townsend,  a  Representative  from 
New  York ;  born  in  Northport,  Suffolk  county, 
N.  Y.,  July  26,  1865;  attended  schools  in  Eng- 
land ;  was  graduated  from  Columbia  law  school, 
New  York,  in  1888,  and  was  admitted  to  the 
bar  of  New  York  in  1889;  served  four  terms  as 
counsel  for  Queens  county,  N.  Y. ;  elected  as  a 
Democrat  to  the  Fifty-sixth  Congress  (March 

4,  1899-March  3,  1901)  ;  reelected  to  the  Fifty- 
eighth  Congress  (March  4,  1903-March  3,  1905). 

Scudder,  Treadwell,  a  Representative  from 
New  York;  born  in  Islip,  N.  Y. ;  received  a 
limited  schooling;  elected  to  the  Fifteenth  Con- 
gress (March  4.  1817-March  3,  1819)  ;  member 
of  the  state  house  of  representatives  in  1828. 

Scudder,  Zeno,  a  Representative  from  Massa- 
chusetts; born  in  Barnstable,  Mass.,  August  18, 
1807 ;  completed  preparatory  studies ;  studied 
law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  began  prac- 
tice in  Barnstable,  Mass. ;  served  in  both 
branches  of  the  legislature  and  elected  presi- 
dent of  the  state  senate  in  1848;  elected  to  the 
Thirty-second  and  Thirty-third  Congresses,  and 
served  from  March  4,  1851,  until  his  resignation, 
March  4,  1854;  died  in  Barnstable,  Mass.,  June 
26,  1857. 

Scull,  Edward,  a  Representative  from  Penn- 
sylvania ;  born  in  Pittsburgh,  Pa..  February  5, 
1818 ;  attended  the  common  schools  and  pursued 
an  academic  course ;  studied  law  and  was  ad- 


BIOGRAPHIES. 


983 


initted  to  the  bar  in  1844 ;  moved  to  Somerset, 
Pa.;  in  1846  and  practiced  until  1857;  elected 
prothonotary  and  clerk  of  the  court  and  served 
three  years ;  on  March  4,  1863,  appointed  col- 
lector of  internal  revenue  by  President  Lincoln ; 
removed  by  President  Johnson  in  September, 
1866 ;  appointed  assessor  of  internal  revenue  by 
President  Grant  April,  1869;  appointed  col- 
lector March  22,  1873,  and  served  until  August, 
1883,  when  the  district  was  consolidated  with 
another;  published  and  edited  the  Somerset 
Herald  1852-1887;  delegate  in  the  Republican 
national  convention  in  Baltimore  in  1864,  in 
Cincinnati  in  1876,  and  in  Chicago  in  1884; 
elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Fiftieth,  Fifty- 
first,  and  Fifty-second  Congresses  (March  4, 
1887-March  3,  1893)  ;  died  in  Somerset,  Pa., 
July  10,  1900. 

Scurry,  Richardson,  a  Representative  from 
Texas;  native  of  Tennessee;  moved  to  Texas; 
elected  to  the  Thirty-second  Congress  (March  4, 
1851-March  3.  1853). 

Seaman,  Henry  J.,  a  Representative  from 
New  York;  native  of  that  state;  elected  as  an 
American  to  the  Twenty-ninth  Congress  (March 
4,  1845-March  3,  1847). 

Searing,  John  A.,  a  Representative  from 
New  York;  born  in  North  Hampstead,  N.  Y., 
May  14.  1805 ;  completed  preparatory  studies ; 
sheriff  of  Queens  county,  N.  Y.,  in  184'8 ;  mem- 
ber of  the  state  house  of  representatives  in 
1853;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Thirty-fifth 
Congress  (March  4,  1857-March  3,  1859)  ;  died 
iu  Minuiola,  Miss.,  May  6,  1876. 

Searle,  James,  a  Delegate  from  Pennsyl- 
vania ;  born  in  New  York  City  about  1730 ; 
completed  preparatory  studies;  moved  to  Phila- 
delphia, Pa.,  in  1765;  engaged  in  the  lottery 
business  1776-1778 ;  member  of  the  Navy  Board 
1 778 ;  Delegate  in  the  Continental  Congress 
1778-1780 ;  commissioner  to  France  and  Hol- 
land, to  negotiate  a  loan  for  the  state  of  Penn- 
sylvania 1780-1782 ;  located  in  New  York  City 
in  1784  as  agent  of  an  importing  house;  re- 
turned to  Pennsylvania  in  1785 ;  trustee  of  the 
University  of  Pennsylvania  1779-1781 ;  died  in 
Philadelphia,  Pa.,  August  7,  1797. 

Seaver,  Ebenezer,  a  Representative  from 
Massachusetts ;  born  in  Roxbury,  Mass.,  Jan- 
uary 8,  1763;  was  graduated  from  Harvard  col- 
lege in  1784 ;  farmer  and  jurist ;  member  of  the 
state  house  of  representatives  1794-1802,  1822. 
1823,  and  1826;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the 
Eighth,  Ninth,  Tenth,  Eleventh,  and  Twelfth 
Congresses  (March  4,  1803-March  3,  1813)  ;  un- 
successful candidate  for  reelection  to  the  Thir- 
teenth Congress;  member  of  the  state  constitu- 
tional convention  of  1820;  died  in  Roxbury. 
Mass.,  March  1,  1844. 

Sebastian,  William  King,  a  Senator  from 
Arkansas ;  born  in  Vernon,  Tenn.,  in  1814 ;  was 
graduated  from  Columbia  college,  Tenn.;  studied 
law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  began  prac- 
tice in  Helena,  Ark. ;  prosecuting  attorney  1835- 
1837;  circuit  judge  1842;  judge  of  the  state 
supreme  court  1842-1846;  Democratic  presiden- 
tial elector  in  1848;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to 
the  United  States  Senate,  to  fill  vacancy  caused 
by  the  death  of  Chester  Ashley,  and  served  from 
March  4,  1848,  to  July  11,  1861,  when  he  was 
expelled;  did  not  take  any  part  in  the  Confed- 
erate movements,  and  after  the  Federal  troops 


occupied  Helena,  Ark.,  moved  to  Memphis, 
Tenn.,  where  he  died;  the  Senate  subsequently 
revoked  the  resolution  of  expulsion  and  paid  the 
full  amount  of  his  salary  to  his  children;  died 
iu  Memphis,  Tenu.,  May  20,  1865. 

Seddon,  James  Alexander,  a  Representative 
from  Virginia;  born  in  Falrnouth,  Va.,  July  13, 
1815;  was  graduated  from  the  University  of 
Virginia  iu  1835;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the 
Twenty-ninth  Congress  (March  4,  1845-March 

3,  1847)  :  reelected  to  the  Thirty-first  Congress 
(March  4,  1849-March  3,  1851)  ;  declined  a  re- 
election ;    member    of   the  peace   convention    in 
1861;  delegate  from  Virginia  to  the  provisional 
Confederate  congress  in  Richmond.  Va.,  in  July, 
1861;  secretary  of  war  in  the  Confederacy,  No- 
vember 20,  1862 ;  died  in  Goochlaud  county,  Va., 
August  19,  1880. 

Sedgwick,  Charles  Baldwin,  a  Representative 
from  New  York ;  born  in  Pompey,  N.  Y.,  March 
15,  1815 ;  Completed  preparatory  studies ;  studied 
law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  began  prac- 
tice in  Syracuse,  N.  Y. ;  elected  as  a  Republican 
to  the  Thirty-sixth  and  Thirty-seventh  Con- 
gresses (March  4,  1859-March  3,  1863)  ;  died  in 
Syracuse,  N.  Y.,  February  3,  1883. 

Sedgwick,  Theodore,  a  Delegate,  a  Repre- 
sentative, and  a  Senator  from  Massachusetts; 
born  in  West  Hartford,  Conn.,  May  9,  1746; 
pursued  classical  studies;  studied  theology,  but 
abandoned  it  for  the  law ;  studied  law,  was  ad- 
mitted to  the  bar,  and  began  practice  in  Bar- 
rington.  Mass. ;  moved  to  Sheffield,  Mass. ; 
served  in  the  Revolutionary  expedition  against 
Canada  in  1776 ;  member  of  the  colonial  and 
state  house  of  representatives,  1782-1783 ;  dele- 
gate in  the  Continental  Congress  1785-1786; 
again  member  of  the  state  house  of  representa- 
tives, 1787-1788,  and  elected  speaker ;  elected  to 
the  First.  Second,  Third,  and  Fourth  Congresses, 
and  served  from  March  4,  1789,  to  December  6, 
1796,  when  he  resigned  to  become  United  States 
Senator,  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  the  resigna- 
tion of  George  Cabot,  and  served  from  Decem- 
ber 21,  1796,  until  March  3,  1799 ;  delegate  in  the 
state  convention  that  adopted  the  Federal  Con- 
stitution in  1788;  reelected  to  the  Sixth  Con- 
gress (March  4,  1799-March  3,  1801)  and  served 
as  Speaker ;  judge  of  the  supreme  court  of  Mas- 
sachusetts: died  in  Boston,  Mass.,  January  24, 
1813. 

Seeley,  John  Edward,  a  Representative  from 
New  York ;  born  in  Ovid,  N.  Y.,  August  1,  1810 ; 
wa-s  graduated  from  Yale  college;  studied  law, 
was  admitted  to  the  bar  and  practiced;  elected 
county  judge  and  surrogate  of  Seneca  county, 
N.  Y.,  and  served  1851-1855;  presidential  elector 
in  1860  and  1864 ;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the 
Forty-second  Congress  (March  4,  1871-March  3, 
1873),;  died  in  Ovid,  N.  Y.,  March  30,  1880. 

Seeley,  Julius  Hawley,  a  Representative  from 
Massachusetts;  born  in  Bethel,  Conn.,  Septem- 
ber 14,  1824;  was  graduated  from  Amherst  col- 
lege in  1849 ;  studied  theology  and  was  gradu- 
ated from  Auburn  theological  seminary  in  1852 ; 
ordained  in  1853 ;  pastor  of  the  first  reformed 
Dutch  church,  Schenectady.  N.  Y.,  1853-1858; 
professor  of  mental  and  moral  philosophy  in 
Amherst  college,  1858-1876;  elected  as  an  in- 
dependent to  the  Forty-fourth  Congress  (March 

4,  1875-March  3,  1877);   declined  a  reelection; 
accepted   an   invitation   to  deliver  a   course  of 


984 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIEECTOEY. 


lectures  in  India  in  1872;  member  of  the  com- 
mission to  revise  the  tax  laws  of  Massachusetts; 
died  in  Amherst,  Mass.,  May  12,  1895. 

Seerley,  John  J.,  a  Representative  from  Iowa ; 
born  in  Toulon,  111.,  March  13,  1852;  was  gradu- 
ated from  the  University  of  Iowa  in  1875 ; 
principal  of  the  Iowa  City  high  school  in  1876 ; 
was  graduated  from  the  law  department  of  the 
University  of  Iowa  in  1877,  and  was  admitted  to 
the  bar;  city  solicitor  of  Burlington,  Iowa,  for 
six  years;  unsuccessful  Democratic  candidate 
for  election  to  Congress  in  1888 ;  elected  as  a 
Democrat  to  the  Fifty-second  Congress  (March 
4,  1891-March  3,  1893). 

Segar,  Joseph  E.,  a  Representative  from  Vir- 
ginia ;  born  in  King  William  county,  Va.,  June 
1,  1804 ;  attended  the  common  schools ;  held  sev- 
eral local  offices ;  member  of  the  state  house  of 
representatives;  elected  as  a  Unionist  to  the 
Thirty-seventh  Congress  (March  4,  1861-March 
3,  1863)  ;  presented  credentials  on  February  17, 
1865,  as  United  States  Senator-elect,  to  fill 
vacancy  caused  by  the  death  of  Lemuel  J.  Bow- 
den,  but  was  not  permitted  to  take  his  seat; 
unsuccessful  Republican  candidate  for  election 
to  the  Forty-fifth  Congress;  died  in  1885. 

Selby,  Thomas  Jefferson,  a  Representative 
from  Illinois;  born  in  Delaware  county,  Ohio. 
December  4,  1840;  attended  the  common  schools: 
studied  law,  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1869,  and 
commenced  practice  in  1875 ;  sheriff  of  Jersey 
county,  111.,  1864-1866;  published  the  Jersey 
County  Democrat  1866-1870 ;  county  clerk  1869- 
1877;  mayor  of  Jerseyville,  111.,  two  terms; 
state  attorney  for  Calhoun  county  1888-1900; 
elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Fifty-seventh  Con- 
gress (March  4,  1901-March  3,  1903)  ;  state's 
attorney,  and  resides  in  Hardin,  111. 

Selden,  Dudley,  a  Representative  from  New 
York ;  member  of  the  state  assembly  in  1831 ; 
elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Twenty-third  Con- 
gress, and  served  from  March  4,  1833,  until  his 
resignation  July  1,  1834 ;  member  of  the  board 
of  trustees  of  the  first  national  bank  of  New 
York  City;  died  in  Paris,  France,  November  7, 
1835. 

Selye,  Lewis,  a  Representative  from  New 
York ;  born  in  Chittenango,  N.  Y.,  July  11,  1808 ; 
attended  the  common  schools ;  manufactiirer ; 
moved  to  Rochester,  N.  Y. ;  held  several  local 
offices;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Fortieth 
Congress  (March  4,  1867-March  3,  1869). 

Semmes,  Benedict  I.,  a  Representative  from 
Maryland ;  born  in  Charles  county,  Md.,  Novem- 
ber 1,  1789;  was  graduated  from  the  Baltimore 
medical  school  in  1811;  practiced  a  few  years 
at  Piscataway,  Md.,  and  subsequently  engaged 
in  farming;  member  of  the  state  house  of 
representatives  1825,  1827,  and  1828 ;  elected  as 
a  Democrat  to  the  Twenty-first  and  Twenty-sec- 
ond Congresses  (March  4,  1829-March  3,  1833)  ; 
reelected  to  the  state  house  of  representatives 
in  1842,  and  1843. 

Semple,  James,  a  Senator  from  Illinois;  born 
in  Green  county,  Ky.,  January  5,  1798;  attended 
the  common  schools;  served  in  the  Black 
Hawk  war ;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the 
bar,  and  commenced  practice  in  Clinton  county, 
Ky. ;  moved  to  Edwardsville,  111.,  in  1827 ; 
member  of  the  state  house  of  representatives 
1828-1833,  and  served  as  speaker  four  years;  at- 


torney general  of  Illinois  1833;  charge  d'affaires 
to  Colombia  October  14,  1837,  to  April  1,  1842; 
judge  of  the  state  supreme  court  1842-1 843 ;  ap- 
pointed, and  subsequently  elected  as  a  Democrat 
to  the  United  States  Senate,  to  fill  vacancy 
caused  by  the  death  of  Samuel  McRoberts,  and 
served  from  December  4,  1843,  to  March  3,  1847 ; 
died  in  Elsah,  111.,  December  20,  1866. 

Sener,  James  B.,  a  Representative  from  Vir- 
ginia ;  born  in  Fredericksburg,  Va.,  May  18, 
1837;  completed  preparatory  studies;  studied 
law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  practiced ;  held 
several  local  offices;  army  correspondent  of  the 
Southern  associated  press  with  Gen.  Lee's  army ; 
delegate  in  the  Republican  national  convention 
in  Philadelphia  in  1872;  elected  as  a  Republican 
to  the  Forty-third  Congress  (March  4,  1873- 
March  3,  1875)  ;  died  in  Washington,  D.  C., 
November  18,  1903. 

Seney,  George  Ebbert,  a  Representative  from 
Ohio;  born  in  Uniontown,  Fayette  county,  Pa., 
May  29,  1832;  moved  with  his  parents  to  Tiffin, 
Ohio,  in  November,  1832;  attended  Norwalk 
(Ohio)  seminary;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to 
the  bar  in  1853,  and  practiced  in  Tiffin ;  candi- 
date for  presidential  elector  on  the  Buchanan 
and  Breckinridge  ticket  in  1856;  judge  of  the 
court  of  common  pleas  in  1857;  in  July,  1862. 
enlisted  in  the  one  hundred  and  first  Ohio  regi- 
ment, and  subsequently  commissioned  a  first 
lieutenant,  and  acted  as  quartermaster  of  the 
regiment  until  near  the  close  of  the  war;  dele- 
gate in  the  Democratic  national  convention  in 
St.  Louis  in  1876;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the 
Forty-eighth,  and  to  the  three  succeeding  Con- 
gresses (March  4,  1883-March  3,  1891)  ;  unsuc- 
cessful candidate  for  election  to  the  United 
States  Senate;  died  in  Tiffin,  Ohio,  June  11, 
1905. 

Seney,  Joshua,  a  Delegate  and  Representa- 
tive from  Maryland ;  born  near  Church  Hill. 
Queen  Anne  county,  Md.,  March  4,  1756;  at- 
tended the  common  schools,  and  was  graduated 
from  the  University  of  Pennsylvania  in  1773 ; 
studied  law,  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar; 
member  of  the  house  of  delegates  of  Maryland ; 
judge  in  Baltimore,  Md. ;  member  of  the  Conti- 
nental Congress,  1787-1788;  farmer;  elected  to 
the  First  and  Second  Congresses,  and  served 
from  March  4,  1789,  until  his  resignation,  May 
1,  1792;  presidential  elector  in  1792;  chief  jus- 
tice of  the  county  court  1792-1796;  died  near 
Church  Hill,  Queen  Anne  county,  Md.,  October 
20,  1798. 

Senter,  William  Tandy,  a  Representative 
from  Tennessee;  born  in  Grainger  county,  Tenn.. 
May  12,  1801;  attended  the  common  schools; 
held  several  local  offices;  farmer  and  minister: 
elected  as  a  Whig  to  the  Twenty-eighth  Congress 
(March  4,  1843-March  3,  1845)  ;  died  in  Panther 
Springs,  Tenn.,  August  28,  1848. 

Sergeant,  John,  a  Representative  from  Penn- 
sylvania ;  born  in  Philadelphia,  Pa.,  December 
5,  1779;  attended  the  common  schools  and  the 
University  of  Pennsylvania;  was  graduated 
from  Princeton  college  in  1795;  studied  law. 
was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1799,  and  practiced 
in  Philadelphia  for  fifty  years ;  deputy  attor- 
ney general  for  Philadelphia  in  1800;  commis- 
sioner of  bankruptcy  for  Pennsylvania  in  1S01 : 
member  of  the  state  legislature  1808-1810: 
elected  as  a  Federalist  to  the  Fourteenth,  Fif- 


BIOGRAPHIES. 


985 


teenth,  Sixteenth,  and  Seventeenth  Congresses 
(March  4,  1815-March  3,  1S23)  ;  president  of 
the  Pennsylvania  board  of  canal  commissioners 
1825;  envoy  to  the  Panama  congress  1826;  re- 
elected  to  the  Twentieth  Congress  (March  4, 
1827-March  3,  1829)  ;  unsuccessful  Whig  candi- 
date for  election  as  Vice  President  of  the  United 
States  in  1832;  president  of  the  convention  of 
1838  to  remodel  the  constitution  of  Pennsyl- 
vania; again  elected  to  the  Twenty-fifth, 
Twenty-sixth,  and  Twenty-seventh  Congresses, 
and  served  from  March  4,  1837,  until  his  resig- 
nation, September  15,  1841 ;  declined  the  ap- 
pointment of  United  States  minister  to  Eng- 
land in  1841 ;  died  in  Philadelphia,  Pa.,  Novem- 
ber 25,  1852. 

Sergeant,  Jonathan  Dickinson,  a  Delegate 
from  New  Jersey ;  born  in  Newark,  N.  J.,  in 
1746 ;  moved  with  his  parents  to  Princeton, 
N.  J.,  in  1758;  completed  preparatory  studies, 
and  was  graduated  from  the  University  of 
Pennsylvania  in  1763 ;  studied  law,  was  admitted 
to  the  bar,  and  practiced ;  clerk  to  the  state 
convention  in  1774;  secretary  of  the  New  Jersey 
convention  in  1775;  member  of  the  state  con- 
stitutional convention  of  1776 ;  elected  to  the 
Continental  Congress  and  served  1776,  and  until 
his  resignation  in  June.  1777 ;  attorney  general 
of  Pennsylvania  in  1777-1780 ;  member  of  the 
council  of  safety,  Pennsylvania,  1777;  moved  to 
Philadelphia,  Pa.,  in  1780;  counsel  for  the  state 
in  the  Wyoming  laud  controversy  with  Connecti- 
cut in  17"82;  died  in  Philadelphia,  Pa.,  October 
8,  1793. 

Sessions,  Walter  Loomis,  a  Representative 
from  New  York;  born  in  Brandon,  Vt,  Octo- 
ber 4,  1820 ;  attended  the  common  schools ;  stud- 
ied law,  was  admitted  to'the  bar,  and  commenced 
practice  in  Jamestown,  N.  Y. ;  taught  school 
several  years;  commissioner  of  schools;  mem- 
ber of  the  state  assembly  1853-1854 ;  member  of 
the  state  senate  in  1859;  elected  as  a  Republi- 
can to  the  Forty-second  and  Forty-third  Con- 
gresses (March  4,  1871-March  3,  1875)  ;  reelect- 
ed  to  the  Forty-ninth  Congress  (March  4,  1885- 
March  3,  1887)  ;  state  commissioner  to  the 
World's  Columbian  exposition  in  Chicago,  111., 
in  1893 ;  died  in  Panama,  N.  Y.,  May  27,  1896. 

Sessinghaus,  G-ustave,  a  Representative 
from  Missouri ;  born  in  Koela,  Prussia,  Novem- 
ber 8,  1838;  emigrated  to  the  United  States  and 
settled  in  St.  Louis,  Mo. ;  member  of  the  school 
board  1878-1880;  successfully  contested  the  elec- 
tion of  Richard  G.  Frost  to  the  Forty-seventh 
Congress,  and  served  one  day  only,  March  3, 
1883;  died  in  St.  Louis,  Mo.,  November  16,  1887. 

Settle,  Evan  Evans,  a  Representative  from 
Kentucky;  born  in  Frankfort,  Ky.,  December  1, 
1848 ;  was  graduated  from  Louisville  high 
school  in  June,  1864 ;  studied  law.  was  admitted 
to  the  bar  in  1870,  and  practiced  in  Owenton, 
Owenton  county,  Ky. ;  county  attorney  in  1878, 
1882,  1886,  and  resigned  in  1887;  elected  to  the 
Kentucky  legislature  and  served  1887-1888  and 
1889-1890;  delegate  in  the  Democratic  national 
convention  in  St.  Louis  in  1888;  elected  as  a 
Democrat  to  the  Fifty-fifth  and  Fifty-sixth 
Congresses,  and  served  from  March  3,  1897.  un- 
til his  death  in  Owenton,  Ky.,  November  16,  1899. 

Settle,  Thomas,  a  Representative  from  North 
Carolina ;  born  in  Rockingham  county,  N.  C., 
March  9,  1789 ;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the 


bar  in  1812,  and  began  practice  in  Wentworth, 
N.  C. ;  member  of  the  state  house  of  commons 
1816;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Fifteenth 
and  Sixteenth  Congresses  (March  4,  1817-March 
3,  1821)  ;  declined  a  reelection;  reelected  to  the 
house  of  commons  1826-1827,  and  served  as 
speaker  in  the  last  session ;  judge  of  the  supe- 
rior courts  of  North  Carolina  in  1832 ;  died  in 
Rockingham  county,  N.  C.,  August  5,  1857. 

Settle,  Thomas,  a  Representative  from  North 
Carolina ;  born  in  Rockingham  county,  N.  C., 
March  10,  1865;  attended  the  public  schools  of 
North  Carolina  and  Florida,  and  Georgetown 
college,  District  of  Columbia ;  studied  law  in 
Greensboro.  N.  C.,  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar 
in  October,  1885;  elected  as  a  Republican  so- 
licitor of  the  ninth  judicial  district  in  1886  and 
1890;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Fifty-third 
and  Fifty-fourth  Congresses  (March  4,  1893- 
March  3,  1897)  ;  unsuccessful  candidate  for  re- 
election to  the  Fifty-fifth  Congress. 

Severance,  Luther,  a  Representative  from 
Maine;  born  in  Montague,  Mass.,  October  28, 
1797 ;  moved  with  his  parents  to  Cazenovia, 
N.  Y.,  in  1799 ;  attended  the  public  schools ; 
learned  the  printer's  trade  in  Peterboro,  N.  Y. ; 
established  the  Kennebec  Journal  in  Augusta, 
Me.,  in  1825 ;  member  of  the  state  house  of  rep- 
resentatives in  1829;  served  in  the  state  senate 
1835-1836;  again  member  of  the  state  house  of 
representatives  1839-1840;  elected  as  a  Whig  to 
the  Twenty-eighth  and  Twenty-ninth  Congresses 
(March  4,  1843-March  3.  1847)  ;  vice-president 
of  the  Whig  national  convention  in  Philadelphia, 
Pa.,  June  7,  1848;  United  States  commissioner 
to  the  Sandwich  Islands  1850-1854;  died  in 
Augusta,  Me.,  January  25,  1855. 

Sevier,  Ambrose  Hundley,  a  Delegate  and  a 
Senator  from  Arkansas;  born  in  Greene  county, 
Tenn.,  November  10,  1801 ;  completed  prepara- 
tory studies;  moved  to  Missouri  in  1820  and  to 
Little  Rock,  Ark.,  in  1821  ;  clerk  of  the  Territo- 
rial house  of  representatives ;  studied  law  and 
was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1823;  member  of  the 
territorial  house  of  representatives  1823-1827, 
and  served  as  speaker  in  1827 ;  elected  as  a 
Whig  to  the  Twentieth,  Twenty-first,  Twenty- 
second,  and  Twenty-third  Congresses,  and 
served  from  March  4,  1827,  until  the  terri- 
tory was  admitted  into  the  Union  as  a  state, 
June  15.  1836;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the 
United  States  Senate ;  reelected,  and  served  from 
September  18,  1836,  until  his  resignation  March 
15,  1848 ;  minister  plenipotentiary  to  Mexico  to 
negotiate  the  treaty  of  peace  between  that  re- 
public and  the  United  States,  and  served  from 
March  15,  1848,  until  June  4,  1848;  died  in  Jef- 
ferson county,  Ark.,  December  31,  1848. 

Sevier,  John,  a  Representative  from  North 
Carolina  and  Tennessee;  born  in  Rockingham 
county,  Va.,  September  23,  1745;  attended  the 
common  schools  and  the  academy  at  Fredericks- 
burg,  Ya. ;  moved  with  his  brothers  to  Watauga 
county,  N.  C..  in  1773  and  settled  on  the  Holsten 
river,  North  Carolina  (now  Tennessee)  ;  cap- 
tain of  colonial  militia  under  Washington,  in 
Governor  Dunmore's  war  against  the  Indians 
1773-1774 ;  county  clerk  and  district  judge  in 
1777-1780;  received  the  thanks  of  the  North 
Carolina  legislature  for  meritorious  service  at 
the  battle  of  Kings  Mountain,  October  7.  1780; 
elected  as  a  Democrat  from  North  Carolina  to 


986 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 


the  First  Congress  (March  4,  1789-March  3, 
1791)  ;  general  in  the  provincial  army;  on  Ihe 
admission  of  Tennessee  was  chosen  governor 
and  served  1796-1801,  and  1803-1809;  elected 
from  Tennessee  to  the  Twelfth  and  Thirteenth 
Congresses  (March  4,  1811-March  3,  1815)  ; 
commissioner  to  determine  the  boundary  be- 
tween Georgia  and  the  Creek  territory  in  Ala- 
bama until  his  death  near  Fort  Decatur,  Ala., 
September  24,  1815. 

Sewall,  Charles  S.,  a  Representative  from 
Maryland ;  born  in  Elkton,  Md. ;  attended  the 
common  schools;  held  several  local  offices; 
elected  to  the  Twenty-second  Congress,  to  fill 
vacancy  caused  by  the  death  of  George  E. 
Mitchell,  and  served  from  December  3,  1832,  to 
March  3,  1833;  reelected  to  the  Twenty-seventh 
Congress,  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  the  death  of 
James  W.  Williams,  and  served  from  January  7, 
1843,  to  March  3,  1843. 

Sewall,  Samuel,  a  Representative  from  Mas- 
sachusetts; born  in  Boston,  Mass.,  December  11, 
1757 ;  attended  the  common  schools,  and  was 
graduated  from  Harvard  college  in  1776;  stud- 
ied law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  practiced 
in  Marblehead,  Mass. ;  member  of  the  state  leg- 
islature; elected  to  the  Fifth  and  Sixth  Con- 
gresses, and  served  from  March  4,  1797,  until  his 
resignation  January  10,  1800 ;  associate  judge  of 
the  supreme  court  of  Massachusetts  1801-1813, 
and  was  chief  justice  1813-1814;  presidential 
elector  in  1801;  died  in  Wiscasset,  Me.,  June  8, 
1814. 

Seward,  James  Lindsay,  a  Representative 
from  Georgia;  born  in  Dublin,  Laurens  county, 
Ga.,  in  1813;  completed  preparatory  studies; 
studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  com- 
menced practice  in  Thomasville,  Ga. ;  member 
of  the  state  legislature  1836-1842;  elected  as  a 
Democrat  to  the  Thirty-third,  Thirty-fourth,  and 
Thirty-fifth  Congresses  (March  4,  1853-March 
3,  1859)  ;  resumed  the  practice  of  law  in  Thornas- 
ville,  Ga.,  until  his  death  November  21,  1886. 

Seward,  "William  Henry,  a  Senator  from  New 
York ;  born  in  Florida,  N.  Y.,  May  16,  1801 ;  at- 
tended Farmers  Hall  academy,  Goshen,  N.  Y., 
and  attended  Union  college  1816-1819;  left  col- 
lege and  taught  school  1819-1820 ;  returned,  and 
was  graduated  in  1820;  studied  law,  was  ad- 
mitted to  the  bar,  and  commenced  practice  in 
Auburn,  N.  Y.,  in  1823 ;  member  of  the  state 
senate  1830-1834 ;  unsuccessful  as  the  Whig 
candidate  for  governor  in  1834 ;  elected  as  a 
Whig  governor  of  New  York  1838-1842 ;  elected 
to  the  United  States  Senate  in  1849 ;  reelected, 
and  served  from  March  4,  1849,  to  March  3, 
1861 ;  secretary  of  state  of  the  United  States  in 
President  Lincoln's  and  President  Johnson's 
cabinets  from  March  5,  1861,  until  March  3, 
1869 ;  made  a  tour  of  the  world  and  was  re- 
ceived with  the  highest  honors  at  all  foreign 
courts;  largely  instrumental  in  securing  redress 
from  Great  Britain  for  damage  wrought  Ameri- 
can shipping  on  the  high  seas  by  the  Alabama,, 
and  in  concluding  with  Russia  the  arrangement, 
for  the  purchase  of  Alaska  by  the  treaty  of 
March  30,  1867 ;  died  in  Auburn,  N.  Y.,  October 
16,  1872. 

Sewell,  William  Joyce,  a  Senator  from  New 
Jersey ;  born  in  Castlebar,  Ireland,  December  6, 
1835 ;  came  to  the  United  States  in  1851 ;  en- 
gaged in  mercantile  pursuits  in  Chicago,  111. ; 


returned  to  Camden,  N.  J.,  in  1860;  commis- 
sioned captain  of  the  fifth  New  Jersey  volun- 
teers August  28,  1861 ;  lieutenant  colonel  July 
7,  1862;  colonel  January  6,  1863;  resigned  July 
6,  1864 ;  reconimissioned  colonel  of  the  thirty- 
eighth  New  Jersey  infantry  October  1,  1864 ; 
brevet  brigadier  general  of  volunteers  March  13, 
1865,  "  for  gallant  and  meritorious  service  in 
the  battle  of  Chancellorsville,  Va." ;  major  gen- 
eral of  volunteers  March  13,  1865,  "  for  gallant 
and  meritorious  service  during  the  war " ;  hon- 
orably mustered  out  June  30,  1865;  awarded 
medal  of  honor  March  25,  1896,  "  for  having 
assumed  command  of  a  brigade  at  Chancellors- 
ville, Va.,  May  3,  1863,  where  he  rallied  around 
his  colors  a  mass  of  men  from  other  regiments 
and  fought  those  troops  with  great  brilliancy 
through  several  hours  of  desperate  conflict,  re- 
maining in  command  though  wounded  and  in- 
spiring them  by  his  presence  and  the  gallantry 
of  his  personal  example";  after  the  war  be- 
came connected  -with  railroads  in  New  Jersey ; 
elected  to  the  state  senate  from  Camdea  county 
in  1872,  1875,  and  1878,  and  served  as  president 
of  the  senate  1876,  1879,  and  1880 ;  elected  to  the 
United  States  Senate,  and  served  from  March 
4,  1881,  until  March  3,  1887 ;  delegate  in  the  Re- 
publican national  conventions  of  1876,  1880, 
1884,  1888,  and  1892;  one  of  the  national  com- 
missioners for  New  Jersey  of  the  World's  Fair 
in  Chicago ;  in  command  of  the  second  brigade 
of  the  National  guard  of  New  Jersey;  reelected 
to  the  United  States  Senate  in  1895  and  1901, 
and  served  from  March  4,  1895,  until  his  death 
in  Camden,  N.  J.,  December  27,  1901. 

Sexton,  Leonidas,  a  Representative  from  In- 
diana;  born  in  Rushville,  Ind.,  May  19.  1827; 
was  graduated  from  Jefferson  college,  Pennsyl- 
vania, in  1847 ;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the 
bar,  and  began  practice  in  Rushville,  Ind. ;  mem- 
ber of  the  state  house  of  representatives  in  1856 ; 
lieutenant  governor  of  Indiana  1873-1877 ; 
elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Forty-fifth  Con- 
gress (March  4,  1877-March  3,  1879) ;  died  in 
Parsons,  Kans.,  July  4,  1880. 

Seybert,  Adam,  a  Representative  from  Penn- 
sylvania ;  born  in  Philadelphia,  Pa.,  May  16, 
1773 ;  attended  the  common  schools ;  completed 
the  medical  course  in  the  University  of  Pennsyl- 
vania in  1793;  continued  studies  in  Europe; 
returned  to  Philadelphia  and  engaged  in  busi- 
ness as  a  chemist  and  mineralogist;  elected  as  a 
Democrat  to  the  Eleventh.  Twelfth,  and  Thir- 
teenth Congresses  (March  4,  1809-March  3, 
1815)  ;  reelected  to  the  Fifteenth  Congress 
(March  4,  1817-March  3,  1819)  ;  died  in  Paris, 
France,  May  2,  1825. 

Seymour,  David  Lowrey,  a  Representative 
from  New  York ;  born  in  Wethersfield,  Conn., 
December  2,  1803 ;  was  graduated  from  Yale 
college  in  1826;  tutor  at  Yale  college  1828- 
1830;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in 
1829,  and  began  practice  in  Troy,  N.  Y. ;  mem- 
ber of  the  state  house  of  representatives  in 
1836 ;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Twenty- 
eighth  Congress  (March  4,  1843-March  3,  1845)  ; 
reelected  to  the  Thirty-second  Congress  (March 
4,  1851-March  3,  1853)  ;  district  attorney  and 
master  of  chancery;  member  of  the  constitu- 
tional convention  of  New  York  in  1867;  died  in 
Lanesboro,  Mass.,  October  11,  1867. 


BIOGRAPHIES. 


987 


Seymour,  Edward  Woodruff,  a  Representa- 
tive from  Connecticut ;  born  in  Litchfield,  Conn., 
August  30,  1832;  was  graduated  from  Yale  col- 
lege in  1853;  studied  Invv,  was  admitted  to  the 
bar  in  1856,  and  practiced;  member  of  the 
Connecticut  house  of  representatives  in  1859, 
1860,  1870,  and  1871;  member  of  the  state  sen- 
ate in  1876;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the 
Forty-eighth  and  Forty-ninth  Congresses 
(March  4,  1883-March  3,  1887)  ;  resumed  the 
practice  of  law;  in  November,  1889,  was  ap- 
pointed a  judge  of  the  supreme  court  of  Con- 
necticut; died  in  Litchfleld,  Conn.,  October  16, 
1892. 

Seymour,  Henry  William,  a  Representative 
from  Michigan;  born  in  Brockport,  Monroe 
county,  X.  Y.,  July  21,  1834 ;  attended  the  Brock- 
port  collegiate  institute  and  the  Canandaigua 
academy,  and  was  graduated  from  Williams  col- 
lege, Williamstown,  Mass.,  in  1855 ;  studied  low 
in  Albany,  N.  Y.,  taking  lectures  at  the  Albany 
law  school,  and  was  admitted  to  practice  May, 
1856;  engaged  in  the  manufacture  of  reapers, 
and  subsequently  in  the  manufacture  of  lumber 
and  in  farming;  elected  to  the  state  house  of 
representatives  in  1880;  member  of  the  state 
senate  in  1882  and  1886;  elected  as  a  Repub- 
lican to  the  Fiftieth  Congress,  to  fill  vacancy 
caused  by  the  death  of  Seth  C.  Moffatt,  and 
served  from  December  22,  1887,  to  March  4, 
1889;  died  in  Washington,  D.  C.,  April  6,  1906. 

Seymour,  Horatio,  a  Senator  from  Vermont; 
born  in  Litchfield,  Conn.,  May  31,  1778 ;  attended 
the  common  schools,  and  was  graduated  from 
Yale  college  in  1797 ;  taught  school  in  Cheshire, 
Conn. ;  studied  in  the  Litchfield  law  school,  and 
was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1800,  .and  commenced 
practice  in  Middlebury,  Vt. ;  postmaster  of  Mid- 
dlebury  1800-1809 ;  member  of  the  state  council 
1809-1814;  state's  attorney  for  Addison  county 
1810-1813  and  1815-1819;  elected  as  a  Clay 
Democrat  to  the  United  States  Senate  in  1821; 
reelected  in  1827,  and  served  from  March  4, 
1821,  until  March  3,  1833;  unsuccessful  Whig 
candidate  for  governor  of  Vermont  in  1836; 
judge  of  the  probate  court  1847-1856;  died  in 
Middlebury,  Vt.,  November  21,  1857. 

Seymour,  Origen  Storrs,  a  Representative 
from  Connecticut ;  born  in  Litchfield,  Conn., 
February  9,  1804;  was  graduated  from  Yale 
college  in  1824  ;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the 
bar  in  1826,  and  began  practice  in  Litchfield, 
Conn. ;  member  of  the  state  house  of  representa- 
tives and  its  speaker  in  1850 ;  elected  as  a 
Democrat  to  the  Thirty-second  and  Thirty-third 
Congresses  (March  4,  1851-March  3,  1855)  ; 
judge  of  the  superior  court  of  Connecticut  1855- 
1863;  unsuccessful  Democratic  candidate  for 
governor  in  1864;  judge  of  the  state  supreme 
court  1873;  chief  justice  of  Connecticut  in  1873; 
again  member  of  the  state  legislature  In  1880; 
died  in  Litchfield,  Conn.,  August  12,  1881. 

Seymour,  Thomas  Hart,  a  Representative 
from  Connecticut ;  born  in  Hartford,  Conn., 
September  29,  1807;  was  graduated  from  Mid- 
dletown  military  academy ;  studied  law,  was 
admitted  to  the  bar  in  1833,  and  began  practice 
in  Hartford,  Conn. ;  engaged  in  newspaper  work ; 
judge  of  probate;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the 
Twenty -eighth  Congress  (March  4,  1843-March 
3,  1845);  served  in  the  Mexican  war;  major 
Connecticut  infantry  March  16,  1847,  and  of  the 


ninth  United  States  infantry  April  9,  1847; 
lieutenant  colonel  of  the  twelfth  infantry  August 
12,  1847;  brevet  colonel  September  13,  1847, 
"  for  gallant  and  meritorious  conduct  in  the  bat- 
tle of  Chapultepec,  Mexico " ;  honorably  mus- 
tered out  July  25,  1848;  unsuccessful  candidate 
for  governor  of  Connecticut  in  1849 ;  presiden- 
tial elector  on  the  Pierce  and  King  ticket  in 
1852;  governor  of  Connecticut  1850-1853;  min- 
ister to  Russia  1853-1858;  again  the  unsuccess- 
ful candidate  for  governor  in  1863;  died  in 
Hartford,  Conn.,  September  3,  1868. 

Seymour,  William,  a  Representative  from 
New  York ;  native  of  Connecticut ;  moved  to 
Binghamton,  N.  Y. ;  completed  preparatory 
studies;  held  several  local  offices;  elected  as  a 
Democrat  to  the  Twenty-fourth  Congress 
(March  4,  1835-March  3,  1837). 

Shackleford,  John  Williams,  a  Representa- 
tive from  North  Carolina ;  born  in  Richlands. 
Onslow  county,  N.  C.,  November  16,  1844;  at- 
tended the  common  schools  and  Richlands  acad- 
emy in  Richlands,  N.  C. ;  entered  the  confed- 
erate army  at  the  age  of  seventeen  and  attained 
the  rank  of  lieutenant ;  democratic  member  of 
the  state  house  of  representatives  in  1872,  and 
was  reelected  in  1874  and  1876 ;  member  of  the 
state  senate  in  1878;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to 
the  Forty-seventh  Congress,  and  served  from 
March  4,  1881,  until  his  death  in  Washington, 
D.  C.,  January  18,  1883. 

Shackleford,  Dorsey  William,  a  Representative 
from  Missouri ;  born  in  Saline  county,  Mo.,  Au- 
gust 27, 1853 ;  attended  the  public  schools ;  taught 
school  1877-1879;  studied  law,  was  admitted 
to  the  bar,  and  began  practice  in  Boonville,  Mo., 
May  9,  1879;  served  as  prosecuting  attorney 
of  Cooper  county,  Mo.,  1882-1886  and  1890- 
1892;  judge  of  the  fourteenth  judicial  circuit 
of  Missouri  from  June  1,  1892,  until  his  resig- 
nation September  9,  1899;  elected  as  a  Demo- 
crat August  29,  1899,  to  the  Fifty-sixth  Con- 
gress, to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  the  death  of 
Richard  P.  Bland  ;  reelected  to  the  Fifty-seventh, 
Fifty-eighth,  Fifty-ninth,  Sixtieth,  and  Sixty- 
first  Congresses,  and  served  from  December  4, 
1899,  to  March  3,  1911.  Reelected,  to  the  Sixty- 
second  Congress. 

Shafer,  Jacob  K.,  a  Delegate  from  Idaho  Ter- 
ritory; born  in  Rockingham  county,  Va.,  De- 
cember 26,  1823;  completed  preparatory  studies, 
and  was  graduated  from  the  law  school  of  L.  P. 
Thompson,  in  Staunton,  Va.,  in  1846;  moved  to 
Stockton,  Cal. ;  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  be- 
gan practice;  elected  district  attorney  of  the 
fifth  judicial  district  ef  California  in  1850; 
mayor  of  Stockton  in  1852  ;  judge  of  San  Joaquin 
county  court  1853-1862;  moved  to  Washington 
(now  Idaho)  territory  in  1862;  elected  as  a 
Democrat  to  the  Forty-first  Congress  (March  4, 
1869-March  3,  1871). 

Shafroth,  John  Franklin,  a  Representative 
from  Colorado ;  born  in  Fayette,  Mo.,  June  9, 
1854;  was  graduated  from'  the  university  of 
Michigan  in  1875 ;  studied  law,  was  admitted 
to  the  bar  in  August,  1876,  and  .practiced  in 
Fayette,  Mo.,  until  October,  1879;  moved  to 
Denver,  Colo. ;  elected  city  attorney  in  1887  and 
1889;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Fifty-fourth 
Congress;  reelected  as  a  Silver  Republican  to 
the  Fifty-fifth,  Fifty-sixth,  and  Fifty-seventh 


988 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 


Congresses;  presented  credentials  as  a  Demo- 
crat member-elect  to  the  Fifty-eighth  Congress, 
and  served  from  March  4,  1895,  until  February 
15,  1901,  when  he  declared  the  conviction  that 
Robert  W.  Bonynge,  contestant,  was  duly  elected 
and  entitled  to  the  seat  held  by  him ;  elected 
governor  of  Colorado  in  1908,  and  reelected. 

Shallenberger,  Ashton  Cokayne,  a  Represent- 
ative from  Nebraska ;  born  in  Toulon,  Stark 
county,  111.,  December  23,  1862;  attended  the 
common  schools  and  the  University  of  Illinois; 
moved  to  Nebraska  in  1881  and  located  in  Polk 
county ;  moved  in  1887  to  Alma,  Harlan  county, 
Nebr. ;  engaged  in  banking  and  stock  raising; 
elected  Democratic  member  of  the  Nebraska  bi- 
metallic league;  temporary  chairman  of  the 
Democratic  state  convention  in  1897 ;  elected  as 
a  Democrat  to  the  Fifty-seventh  Congress 
(March  4,  1901-March  3,  1903),  as  the  candidate 
of  the  Democratic,  Populist,  and  Silver  Republi- 
can parties ;  governor  of  Nebraska  1908-1911 ;  a 
resident  of  Alma,  Nebr. 

Shallenberger,  William  Shadrack,  a  Repre- 
sentative from  Pennsylvania ;  born  in  Mount 
Pleasant,  Westmoreland  county,  Pa.,  November 
24,  1839 ;  attended  the  public  schools  and  Mount 
Pleasant  academy,  and  was  grafluated  from  Lew- 
isburg  university  in  1862;  engaged  in  mercantile 
pursuits;  entered  the  Union  army  in  1862  in 
the  one  hundred  and  fortieth  regiment  Pennsyl- 
vania volunteers,  and  soon  afterwards  appointed 
adjutant  of  the  regiment ;  wounded  in  the  battles 
of  Chaucellorsville,  Gettysburg,  and  the  Wilder- 
ness; mustered  out  of  service  in  October,  1864; 
engaged  in  the  mercantile  business  in  Rochester, 
Pa. ;  chairman  of  the  Beaver  county  Republican 
committee  in  1872  and  1874 ;  elected  as  a  Repub- 
lican to  the  Forty-fifth,  Forty-sixth,  and  Forty- 
seventh  Congresses  (March  4,  1877-March  3, 
1883)  ;  served  as  Second  Assistant  Postmaster 
General  from  1897  to  1907 ;  a  resident  of  Wash- 
ington, D.  C. 

Shanklin,  George  S.,  a  Representative  from 
Kentucky ;  native  of  Kentucky ;  completed  pre- 
paratory studies;  held  several  local  offices; 
presidential  elector  on  the  McClellan  and  Pen- 
dleton  ticket  in  1864 ;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to 
the  Thirty-ninth  Congress  ( March  4, 1865-March 
3,  1867). 

Shanks,  John  Peter  Cleaver,  a  Representative 
from  Indiana;  born  in  Martinsburg,  Va.  (now 
West  Virginia),  June  17.  1826;  pursued  an  aca- 
demic course ;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to 
the  bar,  and  began  practice  in  Portland,  Ind. ; 
member  of  the  state  legislature  in  1854  ;  served  in 
the  Union  army ;  colonel  and  aide  de  camp  to 
General  Fremont  September  20  to  November  19, 
1861 ;  colonel  and  aide  de  camp  March  31,  1862, 
to  October  9,  1863 ;  colonel  of  the  seventh  In- 
diana cavalry  October  9,  1863 ;  brevet  brigadier 
general  of  volunteers  December  8,  1864 ;  major 
general  of  volunteers  March  13,  1865,  "  for  faith- 
ful and  meritorious  service  during  the  war " ; 
mustered  out  September  19,  1865;  elected  as  a 
Republican  to  the  Thirty-seventh  Congress 

(March  4,  1861-March  3,  1863)  ;  reelected  to  the 
Fortieth,  and  to  the  three  succeeding  Congresses 

(March  4,  1807-March  3.  1875)  ;  died  in  Port- 
land, Ind.,  January  23,  1901. 

Shannon,  Richard  Cutts,  a  Representative 
from  New  York ;  born  in  New  London.  Conn., 
February  12,  1839 ;  was  graduated  from  Water- 


ville  (Me.)  college  (now  Colby  university)  ; 
served  as  a  volunteer  in  the  Union  army  during 
the  civil  war;  appointed  secretary  of  the  United 
States  legation  at  Rio  de  Janeiro,  Brazil,  in 
1871,  and  served  until  March,  1875,  when  he  re- 
signed; took  charge  of  the  Botanical  garden 
railroad  company  in  1876,  an  American  enter- 
prise in  Brazil,  of  which  he  subsequently  became 
the  vice  president  and  general  manager,  and 
finally  president ;  was  graduated  from  the  law 
school  of  Columbia  college  in  1885,  and  was 
admitted  to  the  New  York  bar ;  appointed  envoy 
extraordinary  and  minister  plenipotentiary  to 
Nicaraugua,  Salvador,  and  Costa  Rica  in  1891, 
and  served  until  April,  1893;  elected  as  a  Re- 
publican to  the  Fifty-fourth  and  Fifty-fifth  Con- 
gresses (March  4,  1895-March  3,  1899). 

Shannon,  Thomas,  a  Representative  from 
Ohio;  born  in  Washington  county,  Pa.,  Novem- 
ber 15,  1787;  served  in  the  War  of  1812  and 
attained  the  rank  of  captain ;  member  of  the 
state  house  of  representatives  1819-1822,  and 
1824-1825;  served  in  the  state  senate  in  1829, 
and  1837-1841;  elected  to  the  Nineteenth  Con- 
gress, to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  the  resignation  of 
David  Jennings,  and  served  from  December  4, 
1826,  to  March  3, 1827 ;  died  in  Barnesville,  Ohio, 
March  16,  1843. 

Shannon,  Thomas  B.,  a  Representative  from 
California ;  born  in  Westmoreland  county,  Pa., 
in  1827 ;  attended,  the  public  schools ;  moved  to 
Illinois  in  1844,  and  to  California  in  1849;  mer- 
chant ;  served  four  years  in  the  state  legislature ; 
elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Thirty-eighth 
Congress  (March  4,  1863-March  3,  1865)  ;  col- 
lector of  customs  in  San  Francisco. 

Shannon,  Wilson,  a  Representative  from 
Ohio;  born  in  Mount  Olivet,  Belmont  county, 
Ohio,  February  24,  1802;  was  graduated  from 
Transylvania  college,  Kentucky ;  studied  law, 
was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  began  practice  in 
St.  Clairsville,  Ohio;  unsuccessful  candidate  for 
election  to  the  Twenty-third  Congress;  attorney 
for  Belmont  county  1833-1835 ;  state  prosecuting 
attorney  in  1835;  governor  of  Ohio  1838-1840, 
and  1842-1844 ;  United  States  minister  to  Mexico 
1844-1845;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Thirty- 
third  Congress  (March  4,  1855-March  3,  1857)  ; 
governor  of  Kansas  Territory  1855-1856;  re- 
sumed the  practice  of  law  in  Lawrence,  Kans., 
where  he  died  August  31,  1877. 

Sharon,  William,  a  Senator  from  Nevada ; 
born  in  Smithfield,  Ohio,  January  9,  1821;  en- 
tered Athens  college  in  1842,  and  remained  there 
two  years ;  moved  to  St.  Louis,  Mo. ;  studied  law, 
was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced  prac- 
tice; engaged  in  mercantile  pursuits  in  Carroll- 
ton,  111.;  moved  to  California  in  1S49  and  en- 
gaged in  business  in  Sacramento ;  went  to  San 
Francisco  in  1850  and  was  a  dealer  in  real  es- 
tate; moved  to  Virginia  City,  Nev.,  in  1864,  as 
the  manager  of  the  branch  of  the  Bank  of  Cali- 
fornia, and  became  interested  in  mines ;  elected 
as  a  Republican  to  the  United  States  Senate,  and 
served  from  March  4,  1875,  to  March  3,  1881; 
resided  in  San  Francisco,  Cal.,  until  his  death, 
November  13,  1885. 

Sharp,  Solomon  P.,  a  Representative  from 
Kentucky ;  born  in  Virginia  in  1780 ;  moved  to 
Kentucky;  attended  the  public  schools;  studied 
law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  in  1799  began 
practice;  served  several  terms  in  the  state  house 


BIOGRAPHIES. 


989 


of  representatives;  attorney  general  of  Ken- 
tucky; elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Thirteenth 
and  Fourteenth  Congresses  (March  4,  1813- 
March  3,  1817)  ;  again  elected  to  the  legislature 
and  was  assassinated  in  November,  1835. 

Sharp,  William  Graves,  a  Representative 
from  Ohio;  born  in  Mount  Gilead,  Ohio,  March 
14,  1859 ;  moved  with  his  parents  to  Elyria,  Ohio  ; 
was  graduated  from  the  public  schools  and  from 
the  law  department  of  the  University  of  Michi- 
gan, in  1881,  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar  and 
practiced;  elected  prosecuting  attorney  of  Lo- 
rain  county;  engaged  in  the  manufacturing 
business ;  Democratic  presidential  elector  in 
1892;  unsuccessful  Democratic  candidate  for 
Congress  in  1900;  delegate  in  the  Democratic 
national  convention  in  St.  Louis  in  1904 ;  elected 
as  Democrat  to  the  Sixty-first  Congress  (March 
4,  1909-March  3,  1911).  Reelected  to  the  Uixty- 
second  Congress. 

Sharpe,  Peter,  a  Representative  from  New 
York ;  native  of  that  state ;  completed  prepara- 
tory studies ;  member  of  the  state  house  of  rep- 
resentatives 1814-1820,  and  served  as  speaker; 
delegate  in  the  state  constitutional  convention  of 
1821;  presented  credentials  as  a  Member-elect 
to  the  Seventeenth  Congress,  and  served  from 
March  4,  1821,  to  December  12,  1821,  when  he 
was  succeeded  by  Cadwallader  D.  Colden,  who 
contested  his  election ;  elected  to  Eighteenth  Con- 
gress (March  4,  1823-March  3,  1825). 

Sharpe,  William,  a  Delegate  from  North 
Carolina;  born  in  Cecil  County,  Md.,  December 
13,  1742 ;  pursued  classical  studies ;  studied  law, 
was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  began  practice  in 
Mecklenburg  county,  N.  C.,  in  1763;  surveyor; 
member  of  the  provincial  congress  in  1775 ;  dele- 
gate in  the  convention  in  Halifax,  1776,  and 
helped  to  frame  the  first  constitution  of  the 
state;  Delegate  in  the  Continental  Congress 
1779-1782;  member  of  the  state  house  of  com- 
mons 1781-1782;  died  in  Iredell  county,  N.  C., 
July  1,  1818. 

Shartel,  Cassius  M.,  a  Representative  from 
Missouri;  born  in  Crawford  county,  Pa.,  April" 
27,  1860;  moved  with  his  parents  to  Knox 
county,  Mo.,  and  resided  there  until  1873 ;  moved 
with  his  parents  to  Chautauqua  county,  Kans. ; 
attended  the  common  schools  and  spent  one  year 
in  college ;  taught  school ;  studied  law,  was  ad- 
mitted to  the  bar,  and  began  practice  in  Sedan, 
Kans.,  in  1881;  moved  to  Nevada,  Mo.,  in  1887 
and  practiced  law ;  removed  to  Neosho,  Mo.,  and 
practiced;  delegate  in  the  Republican  national 
convention  in  Philadelphia  in  1900;  elected  as  a 
Republican  to  the  Fifty-ninth  Congress  (March 
4,  1905-March  3,  1907). 

Shattuc,  William  B.,  a  Representative  from 
Ohio ;  born  in  North  Hector,  N.  Y.,  June  11, 
1841;  moved  with  his  parents  to  Ohio,  in  1852; 
attended  the  public  schools;  commissioned  officer 
in  the  Union  army  during  the  Civil  war;  an 
officer  in  the  railway  traffic  service  for  thirty 
years  previous  to  1895 ;  elected  to  the  state  sen- 
ate in  1895;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Fifty- 
fifth,  Fifty-sixth,  and  Fifty-seventh  Congresses 
(March  4,  1897-March  3,  1903)  ;  died  July  13, 
1911. 

Shaw,  Aaron,  a  Representative  from  Illinois ; 
born  in  Orange  county,  N.  Y.,  December  19. 
1811 ;  attended  Montgomery  academy,  New 


York;  studied  law  in  Goshen,  N.  Y.,  and  was 
admitted  to  the  bar ;  moved  to  Lawrence  county, 
111.,  in  1833;  delegate  in  the  first  internal  im- 
provement convention  of  Illinois;  elected  state 
attorney  by  the  legislature  of  Illinois;  member 
of  the  state  legislature;  elected  circuit  judge  of 
the  fourth  judicial  district  of  Illinois  and  served 
six  years;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Thirty- 
fifth  Congress  (March  4,  1857-March  3,  1859)  ; 
reelected  to  the  Forty-eighth  Congress  (March  4, 
1883-March  3,  1885)  ;  died  in  Olney,  Richland 
county,  111,,  January  7,  1887. 

Shaw,  Albert  Duane,  a  Representative  from 
New  York;  born  in  Lyrue,  Jefferson  county, 
N.  Y..  December  27,  1841;  attended  Belleville 
and  Union  academies,  and  Canton  university; 
enlisted  as  a  private  in  company  A,  thirty-fifth 
New  York  volunteers,  in  June,  1861,  and  served 
out  the  term  of  enlistment;  appointed  a  special 
agent  of  the  War  Department  in  1863,  stationed 
at  provost  marshal's  headquarters  in  Water- 
town,  N.  Y.,  and  served  until  the  close  of  the 
war ;  member  of  the  state  assembly  in  1866 ;  ap- 
pointed colonel  of  the  thirty-sixth  regiment,  na- 
tional guard,  state  of  New  York,  in  1867,  and 
resigned  to  accept  the  position  of  United  States 
consul  at  Toronto,  Canada,  in  1868;  promoted 
to  Manchester,  England,  in  1878;  elected  de- 
partment commander  of  the  Grand  Army  of  the 
Republic  of  New  York  in  1896;  unanimously 
elected  commander  in  chief  of  the  national  en- 
campment in  1899;  elected  as  a  Republican  to 
the  Fifty-sixth  Congress,  to  fill  vacancy  caused 
by  the  death  of  Charles  A.  Chickering,  and 
served  from  December  3,  1900,  until  his  death; 
reelected  to  the  Fifty-seventh  Congress,  but  died 
before  the  assembling  of  the  Congress  in  Wash- 
ington, D.  C.,  February  8,  1901. 

Shaw,  Frank  Thomas,  a  Representative  from 
Maryland;  born  in  Woodsboro,  Frederick 
county,  Md.,  October  7.  1841;  attended  the  com- 
mon schools,  and  was  graduated  from  the  medi- 
cal department  of  the  University  of  Maryland 
in  1864 ;  located  in  Uniontown,  Carroll  county, 
Md.,  and  practiced  until  November,  1873 ;  elected 
clerk  of  the  circuit  court  for  Carroll  county  in 
3873  and  1879;  declined  the  nomination  for 
Representative  to  the  Forty-seventh  Congress; 
member  of  the  Democratic  state  central  com- 
mittee of  Maryland;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to 
the  Forty-ninth  and  Fiftieth  Congresses  (March 
4,  1885-March  3,  1889)  ;  member  of  the  state 
legislature  in  1890;  state  tax  commissioner 
1890-1894;  appointed  by  President  Cleveland 
collector  of  customs  for  the  port  of  Baltimore; 
retired,  and  a  resident  of  Westminster,  Md. 

Shaw,  George  Bullen,  a  Representative  from 
Wisconsin ;  born  in  Alma,  Allegany  county, 
N.  Y.,  March  12,  1854;  attended  the  public 
schools;  lumber  manufacturer;  mayor  of  Eau 
Claire,  Wis.,  in  1888  and  1889;  delegate  in  the 
Republican  national  convention  in  Chicago  in 
1884 ;  supreme  chancellor  Knights  of  Pythias  of 
the  World  from  July,  1890,  to  August.  1892; 
elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Fifty-third  Con- 
gress, and  served  from  March  4,  1893,  until  his 
death  in  Eau  Claire,  Wis.,  August  27,  1894. 

Shaw,  Henry,  a  Representative  from  Massa- 
chusetts; born  in  Castleton,  Vt..  in  1788;  com- 
pleted preparatory  studies;  studied  law,  was 
admitted  to  the  bar.  and  began  practice  in 
Lanesboro,  Mass.,  in  1810;  elected  to  the  Fif- 


990 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 


teenth  and  Sixteenth  Congresses  (March  4, 
1817-March  3,  1821)  ;  member  of  the  Massachu- 
setts house  of  representatives  for  eighteen  years; 
presidential  elector  in  1833 ;  moved  to  New  York 
City  in  1848 ;  member  of  the  New  York  house  of 
representatives  in  1853 ;  moved  to  Newbury,  Vt., 
in  1854;  died  in  Peekskill,  N.  Y.,  October  17, 
1857. 

Shaw,  Henry  Marchmore,  a  Representative 
from  North  Carolina  ;  born  in  Newport,  R.  I., 
November  20,  1819 ;  completed  preparatory  stud- 
ies, and  was  graduated  from  the  medical  depart- 
ment of  the  University  of  Pennsylvania,  in  1838, 
and  began  practice  in  Indiantown,  N.  C. ;  elected 
as  a  Democrat  to  the  Thirty-third  Congress 
(March  4,  1853-March  3,  1855)  ;  reelected  to  the 
Thirty-fifth  Congress  (March  4,  1857-March  3, 
1859)  ;  served  in  the  Confederate  army  and  was 
killed  near  Newbern,  N.  C.,  November  1,  1864. 

Shaw,  John  G.,  a  Representative  from  North 
Carolina ;  born  near  Fayetteville,  N.  C.,  Janu- 
ary 16,  1859 ;  attended  the  common  schools ;  en- 
gaged in  the  naval-store  business;  studied  law 
and  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1888 ;  member  of 
the  general  assembly  in  1888 ;  located  in  Fayette- 
ville, N.  C. ;  elected  county  attorney  for  Cumber- 
land county  in  1890,  and  held  the  position  four 
years ;  Democratic  presidential  elector  in  1892 ; 
elected  :is  a  Democrat  to  the  Fifty-fourth  Con- 
gress (March  4,  1895-March  3,  1897)  ;  resumed 
the  practice  of  law. 

Shaw,  Samuel,  a  Representative  from  Ver- 
mont ;  born  in  Dighton.  Mass.,  December,  1768 ; 
received  a  limited  schooling;  moved  to  Putney, 
Vt.,  and  studied  medicine,  and  began  practice  in 
Castleton,  Vt,  in  1799 :  imprisoned  for  a  bitter 
denunciation  of  President  Adams,  but  liberated 
by  the  people ;  member  of  the  state  house  of 
representatives  in  1799 ;  elected  to  the  Tenth, 
Eleventh,  and  Twelfth  Congresses  (March  4, 
1807-March  3,  1813)  ;  served  in  the  United 
States  army ;  hospital  surgeon  April  6,  1813 ; 
honorably  discharged  June  15,  1815;  reinstated 
September  13,  1815 ;  post  surgeon  April  18,  1818 ; 
resigned  December  31,  1818 ;  died  in  Clarendon. 
Vt.,  July  9,  1834. 

Shaw,  Tristam,  a  Representative  from  New 
Hampshire;  born  in  Exeter,  N.  H.,  May  23. 
1786;  completed  preparatory  studies;  held  sev- 
eral local  offices ;  elected  to  the  Twenty-sixth 
and  Twenty-seventh  Congresses  (March  4, 
1839-March  3,  1843)  ;  died  in  Exeter,  N.  H., 
March  14,  1843. 

Sheafe,  James,  a  Representative  and  a  Sena- 
tor from  New  Hampshire :  born  in  Portsmouth, 
N.  H.,  November  16.  1755 ;  completed  prepara- 
tory studies,  and  was  graduated  from  Harvard 
college  in  1774 ;  merchant ;  member  of  the  state 
house  of  representatives;  elected  to  the  state 
senate ;  elected  as  a  Federalist  to  the  Sixth  Con- 
gress (March  4,  1799-March  3.  1801)  ;  elected  to 
the  United  States  Senate,  and  served  from  March 
4,  1801,  until  his  resignation,  June  14,  1802;  un- 
successful candidate  for  governor  in  1816:  died 
in  Portsmouth,  N.  H.,  December  5,  1829. 

Sheakley,  James,  a  Representative  from 
Pennsylvania ;  born  in  Sheakleyville,  Pa.,  April 
24,  1829;  pursued  classical  studies;  went  to 
California  in  1849;  returned  to  Pennsylvania  in 
1854  and  engaged  in  mercantile  pursuits;  elected 
as  a  Democrat  to  the  Forty-fourth  Congress 


(March  4,  1875-March  3,  1877)  ;  appointed 
United  States  Commissioner  to  Alaska  by  Presi- 
dent Cleveland  in  July,  1887,  and  served  five 
years;  delegate  in  the  Democratic  national  con- 
vention in  Chicago  in  1892;  governor  of  Alaska 
1893-1897 ;  again  returned  to  Pennsylvania  in 
1898;  elected  mayor  of  Greenville,  Pa.,  in  1909. 

Sheats,  Charles  Christopher,  a  Representative 
from  Alabama ;  born  in  Walker  county,  Ala., 
April  10,  1839;  attended  the  common  schools; 
elected  a  member  of  the  secession  convention 
in  1860  and  refused  to  sign  the  ordinance  of  se- 
cession ;  member  of  the  lower  house  of  the  gen- 
eral assembly  in  1861,  and  expelled  for  his  ad- 
herence to  Unionism  in  1862;  imprisoned  for 
treason  by  the  Confederates,  could  not  obtain  a 
trial,  and  was  not  released  until  after  the  close 
of  the  war;  member  of  the  constitutional  con- 
vention in  1865 ;  studied  law  and  was  admitted 
to  the  bar  ia  1867;  presidential  elector  on  the 
Grant  ticket;  consul  to  Denmark  in  1869; 
elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Forty-third  Con- 
gress (March  4,  1873-March  3,  1875)  ;  died  in 
Decatur,  Ala.,  May  27,  1904. 

Sheffer,  Daniel,  a  Representative  from  Penn- 
sylvania ;  born  in  York  county,  Pa.,  May  24, 
1783 ;  studied  medicine  in  Philadelphia  and  com- 
menced practice  in  York  Springs,  Pa. ;  associate 
judge  of  Adams  county,  Pa.,  for  twenty-four 
years ;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Twenty- 
fifth  Congress  (March  4,  1837-March  3,  1839)  ; 
unsuccessful  candidate  for  reelection  to  the 
Twenty-sixth  Congress ;  died  in  York  Springs, 
Pa.,  February  16,  1880. 

Sheffey,  Daniel,  a  Representative  from  Vir- 
ginia ;  born  in  Frederick,  Md.,  in  1770 :  pursued 
classical  studies;  located  in  Abbeville,  Va. ;  stud- 
ied law  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar:  served  in 
the  house  of  delegates;  elected  as  a  Federalist 
to  the  Eleventh,  and  to  the  three  succeeding 
Congresses  (March  4.  1809-March  3,  1817)  ;  died 
in  Staunton,  Va.,  December  3,  1830. 

Sheffield,  William  Paine,  a  Representative 
and  a  Senator  from  Rhode  Island ;  born  in  New 
.Shoreham,  R.  I.,  August  30,  1820;  completed 
preparatory  studies;  attended  Kingston  acad- 
emy (R.  I.),  and  was  graduated  from  Harvard 
law  school  in  1843;  was  admitted  to  the  bar 
in  1844,  and  began  practice  in  New  Shoreham; 
delegate  in  the  state  constitutional  conventions 
of  1841  and  1842 ;  member  of  the  state  house 
of  representatives  in  1845;  moved  to  Tiverton, 
R.  I.,  and  again  elected  to  the  state  house  of  rep- 
resentatives 1849-1853 ;  moved  to  Newport,  R.  I., 
and  again  elected  to  the  state  house  of  repre- 
sentatives 1857-1861 ;  elected  as  a  Union  candi- 
date to  the  Thirty-seventh  Congress  (March  4, 
1861-March  3,  1863)  ;  again  served  in  the  state 
house  of  representatives  1875-1884 ;  appointed  to 
the  United  States  Senate,  to  fill  vacancy  caused 
by  the  death  of  Henry  B.  Anthony,  and  served 
from  November  19,  1884,  to  January  20,  1885; 
died  in  Newport,  R.  I.,  June  2,  1907. 

Sheffield,  William  Paine,  a  Representative 
from  Rhode  Island ;  born  in  Newport,  R.  I.,  June 
1,  1857;  attended  Phillips  academy,  Andover, 
Mass.,  1873,  and  was  graduated  from  Brown 
university  in  1877 ;  studied  law  in  the  university 
of  Paris  and  in  Harvard  law  school ;  was  ad- 
mitted to  the  bar  in  1880  and  engaged  in  the 
practice  of  his  profession  in  Newport.  R.  I. ; 
commissioner  on  abolishing  Narragansett  tribe 


BIOGBAPHIES. 


991 


of  Indians  in  1880 ;  colonel  on  the  staff  of  Gov. 
George  Peabody  Wetniore ;  member  of  the  state 
house  of  representatives;  member  of  the  com- 
mission to  revise  the  constitution  of  the  state 
in  1897 ;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Sixty- 
first  Congress  (March  4,  1909-March  3,  1911)  ; 
defeated  for  reelection  to  the  Sixty-second  and 
Sixty-third  Congresses ;  member  of  the  com- 
mittee to  revise  the  constitution  of  the  state; 
member  of  the  Republican  national  committee 
in  1913 ;  and  is  a  resident  of  Newport,  R.  I. 

Shelden,  Carlos  Douglas,  a  Representative 
from  Michigan ;  born  in  Walworth,  Walworth 
county,  Wis.,  June  10,  1840 ;  moved  with  his 
parents  to  Houghton  county,  Mich.,  in  1847 ;  at- 
tended the  Union  school,  Ypsilanti,  Mich.,  and 
returned  to  his  home  in  the  fall  of  1861 ;  served 
through  the  Civil  war  as  captain  in  the  twenty- 
third  Michigan  infantry ;  returned  to  Iloughton 
and  entered  mercantile  business  with  his  father; 
elected  to  the  state  house  of  representatives  in 
1892 ;  member  of  the  state  senate  in  1894 ;  elected 
as  a  Republican  to  the  Fifty-fifth,  Fifty-sixth, 
and  Fifty-seventh  Congresses  (March  4,  1897- 
March  3,  1903)  ;  died  in  Houghton,  Mich.,  June 
24,  1904. 

Sheldon,  Lionel  Allen,  a  Representative 
from  Louisiana ;  born  in  Worcester,  Otsego 
county,  N.  Y.,  August  30,  1829 ;  moved  with  his 
parents  to  Ohio ;  completed  preparatory  studies, 
and  was  graduated  from  Oberlin  college;  studied 
law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar  and  began  prac- 
tice in  Elyria,  Ohio ;  judge  of  the  probate  court; 
delegate  in  the  Republican  national  convention 
in  1856 ;  commissioned  brigadier  general  of  the 
militia ;  served  in  the  Union  army ;  lieutenant 
colonel  of  the  forty-second  Ohio  infantry  Novem- 
ber 27,  1861;  colonel  March  14,  1862;  brevet 
brigadier  general  of  volunteers  March  13,  1865, 
"for  faithful  and  meritorious  service";  honor- 
ably mustered  out  December  2,  1864 ;  located  in 
New  Orleans,  La.,  and  resumed  the  practice  of 
law ;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Forty-first, 
Forty-second,  and  Forty-third  Congresses 
(March  4,  1869-March  3,  1875)  ;  presidential 
elector  on  the  Hayes  and  Wheeler  ticket  in  1877 ; 
returned  to  Ohio  in  1879 ;  delegate  in  the  Re- 
publican national  convention  in  Chicago  in  1880 ; 
governor  of  New  Mexico  1881-1885 ;  moved  to 
Pasadena,  Cal. ;  delegate  in  the  Republican  na- 
tional convention  in  St.  Louis  in  1896 ;  a  resi- 
dent of  Pasadena,  Cal. 

Sheldon,  Porter,  a  Representative  from  New 
York ;  born  in  Victor,  N.  Y.,  September  29,  1831 ; 
completed  preparatory  studies;  studied  law,  was 
admitted  to  the  bar.  and  practiced  in  Randolph, 
N.  Y. ;  moved  to  Rockport,  111.,  in  1857,  and 
practiced ;  member  of  the  Illinois  constitutional 
convention  of  1861 ;  returned  to  Jamestown, 
N.  Y.,  in  1865;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the 
Forty-first  Congress  (March  4,  1869-March  3, 
1871)  ;  died  in  Jamestown,  N.  Y.,  August  15, 
1908. 

Shell,  George  Washington,  a  Representative 
from  South  Carolina ;  born  in  Laurens  county, 
S.  C.,  November  13,  1831 ;  attended  country 
school ;  entered  the  Confederate  army  in  April, 
1861,  and  remained  in  the  service  until  the  sur- 
render nt  Appomattox ;  served  as  private,  lieu- 
tenant, and  captain;  resumed  farming;  served 
as  clerk  of  court  for  six  years;  elected  as  a 
Democrat  to  the  Fifty-second  and  Fifty-third 


Congresses  (March  4,  1'891-March  3,  1895)  ;  died 
in  Laurens  county,  near  Laurens,  S.  C.,  Decem- 
ber 15,  1899. 

Shellabarger,  Samuel,  a  Representative  from 
Ohio ;  born  in  Clark  county,  Ohio,  December  10, 
1817 ;  was  graduated  from  Miami  university  in 
1841 ;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and 
began  practice  in  Springfield,  Ohio,  in  1846; 
member  of  the  state  house  of  representatives 
1852-1853 ;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Thirty- 
seventh  Congress  (March  4,  1861-March  3, 
1863)  ;  unsuccessful  candidate  for  reelection  to 
the  Thirty-eighth  Congress;  reelected  to  the 
Thirty-ninth  and  Fortieth  Congresses  (March  4, 
1865-March  3,  1869)  ;  minister  to  Portugal 
April  21,  1869,  to  December  31,  1869;  civil 
service  commissioner  1874-1875 ;  again  elected 
to  the  Forty-second  Congress  (March  4,  1871- 
March  3,  1873)  ;  resumed  the  practice  of  law 
until  his  death  in  Washington,  D.  C.,  August  7, 
1896. 

Shelley,  Charles  Miller,  a  Representative 
from  Alabama ;  born  in  Sullivan  county,  Teun., 
December  28,  1833;  moved  with  his  father  to 
Selma,  Ala.,  in  1836;  received  a  limited  school- 
ing; became  an  architect  and  builder;  entered 
the  Confederate  army  in  February,  1861,  as  lieu- 
tenan.t,  and  was  stationed  first  at  Fort  Morgan, 
and  afterwards  attached  to  the  fifth  Alabama 
regiment ;  was  commissioned  brigadier  general, 
and  served  under  Gen.  Joseph  E.  Johnston  and 
General  Hood ;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the 
Forty-fifth  and  Forty-sixth  Congresses  (March 
4,  1877-March  3,  1881)  ;  presented  credentials  as 
a  member  elect  to  the  Forty-seventh  Congress, 
but  the  election  was  contested  by  James  Q. 
Smith,  and  the  seat  declared  vacant  July  20, 
1882;  subsequently  elected  to  fill  vacancy  thus 
caused,  and  served  from  November  7,  1882,  to 
March  3,  1883;  presented  credentials  as  a  Mem- 
ber elect  to  the  Forty-eighth  Congress,  and 
served  until  January  January  9,  1885,  when  he 
was  succeeded  by  George  H.  Craig,  who  con- 
tested his  election;  a  resident  of  Birmingham, 
Ala. 

Shepard,  William,  a  Representative  from 
Massachusetts;  born  in  Westfield,  Mass.,  De- 
cember 1,  1737 ;  attended  the  common  schools ; 
volunteered  in  defense  of  the  frontier  settle- 
ments against  the  incursions  of  the  French  and 
Indians  in  1754 ;  two  years  later  was  appointed 
to  the  office  of  sergeant;  was  lieutenant  under 
General  Abercrombie,  and  was  promoted  to  be 
captain  under  General  Amherst;  served  six 
years  in  the  French  war,  and  took  part  in  the 
battles  of  Fort  William  Henry,  Ticoncleroga, 
Crown  Point,  Isle  aux  Noix,  St.  Johns,  and 
Montreal ;  returned  to  Westfield ;  one  of  the 
committee  of  correspondence  for  Westfield  in 
1774,  to  carry  out  the  resolves  of  the  provincial 
congress,  and  lieutenant  colonel  of  minute  men 
in  April,  1775;  entered  the  colonial  army  in 
May,  1775,  as  lieutenant  colonel  in  the  regi- 
ment commanded  by  Col.  Timothy  Danielson ; 
commissioned  colonel  of  the  fourth  Massachu- 
setts regiment  in  1776;  when  the  British  landed 
at  Pells  Point  he  was  appointed  by  Washington 
to  guard  the  retreat  of  the  troops  from  Long 
Island;  served  with  Washington  during  the  re- 
treat through  New  Jersey  and  the  subsequent 
successes  at  Trenton.  Princeton,  and  Monmouth ; 
dispatched  to  the  northern  army  under  Gates, 
and  took  part  in  the  battles  which  led  to  the 


992 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 


surrender  of  Burgoyne  on  October  17,  1777,  and 
in  the  retreat  from  Rhode  Island  in  1778;  com- 
manded, a  brigade  under  General  Lafayette  in 
1780,  which  he  retained  until  the  close  of  the 
war  in  1783,  having  participated  in  twenty-two 
battles;  elected  to  the  lower  branch  of  the 
general  court  of  Massachusetts  in  1785  and 
1786;  chosen  major  general  of  the  fourth  divi- 
sion, Massachusetts  militia,  in  1786;  compli- 
mented by  the  general  court  of  Massachusetts 
for  his  gallantry  in  the  successful  defense  of 
the  Springfield  arsenal;  appointed  in  1796  to 
treat  with  the  Penobscot  Indians  and  in  1797 
with  the  Six  Nations;  presidential  elector  for 
the  first  and  second  elections  under  the  consti- 
tution 1788-1792;  member  of  the  governor's 
council  of  Massachusetts  1792-1796;  elected  to 
the  Fifth,  Sixth,  and  Seventh  Congresses 
(March  4,  1797-March  3,  1803)  ;  died  in  West- 
field.  Mass.,  November  11,  1817. 

Shepard,  William  Biddle,  a  Representative 
from  North  Carolina ;  born  in  Newbern,  N.  C., 
May  14,  1799;  was  graduated  from  the  Univer- 
sity of  North  Carolina ;  studied  law,  was  ad- 
mitted to  the  bar.  and  began  practice  in  Eliza- 
beth City,  N.  C. ;  elected  as  a  Whig  to  the  Twen- 
tieth, and  to  the  four  succeeding  Congresses 
(March  4,  1827-March  3.  1837)  ;  declined  an- 
other election ;  member  of  the  state  senate 
1838-1848;  died  in  Elizabeth  City,  N.  C.,  June 
20,  1852. 

Shepherd,  Charles  Biddle,  a  Representative 
from  North  Carolina ;  born  in  Newbern,  N.  C., 
December  5,  1807 ;  was  graduated  from  the  Uni- 
versity of  North  Carolina  in  1827;  studied  law, 
was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  practiced  in  New- 
bern, N.  C. ;  elected  to  the  state  legislature,  to 
fill  out  the  unexpired  term  of  Charles  Spaight 
in  1831 ;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Twenty- 
fifth  and  Twenty-sixth  Congresses  ( March  4. 
1837-March  3,  1841)  ;  died  in  Newbern,  N.  C., 
October  31,  1843. 

Shepley,  Ether,  a  Senator  from  Maine;  born 
in  Groton,  Mass.,  November  2,  1789;  attended 
Groton  academy,  and  was  graduated  from  Dart- 
mouth college  in  1811;  studied  law,  was  admit- 
ted to  the  bar  in  1814,  and  began  practice  in 
Saco,  Mass.,  (now  Maine)  ;  member  of  the  state 
house  of  representatives  in  1819;  delegate  in 
the  state  constitutional  convention  of  1820; 
United  States  attorney  for  the  district  of  Maine 
1821-1823;  moved  to  Portland,  Me.;  elected  as 
a  Democrat  to  the  United  States  Senate,  and 
served  from  March  4,  1833,  until  his  resignation 
March  3.  1836;  justice  of  the  supreme  court  of 
Maine  1836-1848;  chief  justice  of  the  supreme 
court  1848-1855 ;  died  in  Portland,  Me.,  January 
15,  1877. 

Sheplor,  Matthias,  a  Representative  from 
Ohio ;  native  of  Pennsylvania ;  moved  to  Ohio 
and  settled  in  Bethlehem;  elected  as  a  Democrat 
to  the  Twenty-fifth  Congress  (March  4,  1837- 
March  3,  1839). 

Sheppard,  John  Levi,  a  Representative  from 
Texas;  born  in  Bluffton,  Chambers  county,  Ala., 
April  13,  1852 ;  moved  with  his  mother  to  Morris 
county,  Tex. ;  attended  the  common  schools ; 
studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  began 
practice  in  Daingerfield,  Tex.,  in  1879;  district 
attorney  of  the  fifth  judicial  district  1882-1888 ; 
district  judge  of  the  same  district  1888-1896; 
temporary  chairman  of  the  Democratic  state 


convention  in  1892;  appointed  delegate  to  the 
bimetallic  convention  in  Chicago  in  1893 ;  dele- 
gate in  the  Democratic  national  convention  in 
Chicago,  in  1896;  served  as  the  Texas  member 
of  the  presidential  notification  committee,  which 
met  in  New  York  City  in  August,  1896 ;  retired 
from  the  bench  in  the  winter  of  1896-1897; 
elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Fifty-sixth  and 
Fifty-seventh  Congresses,  and  served  from 
March  4,  1899,  until  his  death  in  Texarkana, 
Tex.,  October  11,  1902. 

Sheppard,  Morris,  a  Representative  from 
Texas;  born  May  28,  1875,  in  Wheatville,  Mor- 
ris county,  Tex.;  attended  the  common  schools 
of  Daingerfield,  Pittsburg,  Cumby,  Austin,  and 
Linden,  and  was  graduated  from  the  University 
of  Texas  in  1895,  and  from  Yale  university  in 
1898;  elected  sovereign  banker,  or  national 
treasurer  of  the  Woodmen  of  the  World  in  1899 ; 
elected  the  first  president  of  the  Texas  fraternal 
congress  in  Dallas  in  1901 ;  was  admitted  to  the 
bar  and  began  practice  in  Pittsburg,  Tex.,  in 
1898;  moved  to  Texarkana  in  1899;  literary 
editor  Texas  Woodman  and  Woodman  Journal, 
of  San  Antonio  and  Dallas,  respectively;  elected 
as  a  Democrat  to  the  Fifty-seventh  Congress, 
November  15,  1902,  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  the 
death  of  John  L.  Sheppard ;  reelected  to  the 
Fifty-eighth,  and  to  the  three  succeeding  Con- 
gresses, and  served  from  December  1,  1902- 
March  3,  1911.  Reelected  to  the  Sixty-second 
Congress. 

Shepperd,  Augustine  H.,  a  Representative 
from  North  Carolina  ;  born  in  Rockford.  N.  C. ; 
completed  preparatory  studies;  studied  law,  was 
admitted  to  the  bar.  and  began  practice  in  Surry 
county,  N.  C. ;  member  of  the  house  of  commons 
of  North  Carolina  1822-1826;  elected  to  the 
Twentieth,  and  to  the  five  succeeding  Congresses 
(March  4,  1827-March  3.  1839)  ;  unsuccessful 
candidate  for  the  Twenty-sixth  Congress;  re- 
elected  to  the  Twenty-seventh  Congress  (March 
4,  1841-March  3,  1843)  ;  again  elected  to  the 
Thirtieth  and  Thirty-first  Congresses  (March  4, 
1847-March  3,  1851). 

Sherburne,  John  Samuel,  a  Representative 
from  New  Hampshire;  born  in  Portsmouth, 
N.  H.,  in  1757;  was  graduated  from  Dartmouth 
college  in  1776 ;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the 
bar,  and  began  practice  in  Portsmouth.  N.  H. ; 
served  in  the  Revolutionary  army;  attained  the 
rank  of  brigade  major  of  staff;  elected  to  the 
Third  and  Fourth  Congresses  (March  4,  1793- 
March  3,  1797)  ;  United  States  attorney  for  the 
district  of  New  Hampshire  1801-1804;  United 
States  judge  for  the  district  of  New  Hampshire 
from  May.  1804,  until  his  death  in  Portsmouth, 
N.  H.,  August  2,  1830. 

Sheredine,  Upton,  a  Representative  from 
Maryland;  born  in  Baltimore  county,  Md.,  in 
1740;  moved  to  a  farm  near  Liberty,  Frederick 
county,  Md. ;  member  of  the  state  constitutional 
convention  of  1776;  judge  of  the  Orphans  court 
of  Frederick  county ;  elected  to  the  Second  Con- 
gress (March  4.  1791-March  3,  1793)  ;  died  in 
his  home,  near  Liberty,  Frederick  county,  Md., 
January  14,  1800. 

Sheridan,  George  A.,  a  Representative  from 
Louisiana ;  born  in  Millbury,  Mass.,  February 
22,  1840 ;  completed  preparatory  studies ;  moved 
to  Illinois;  entered  the  Union  army  as  captain; 
moved  to  Louisiana  in  1866 ;  sheriff  of  Carroll 


BIOGRAPHIES. 


993 


parish,  La.,  in  1867 ;  elected  as  a  Liberal  to  the 
Forty-third  Congress  (March  4,  1873-March  3, 
1875)  ;  appointed  recorder  of  deeds  for  the  Dis- 
trict of  Columbia  in  1878. 

Sherley,  J.  Swagar,  a  Representative  from 
Kentucky ;  born  in  Louisville,  Jefferson  county, 
Ky.,  November  28,  1871 ;  attended  the  public- 
schools,  and  was  graduated  from  the  Louisville 
male  high  school  June,  1889 ;  studied  law  in  the 
University  of  Virginia  and  was  graduated  June, 
1891 ;  was  admitted  to  practice  September,  1891, 
at  the  Louisville  bar,  and  practiced  in  state  and 
federal  courts ;  elected  to  the  Fifty-eighth,  and  to 
the  three  succeeding  Congresses  (March  4,  1903- 
March  3,  1911).  Reelected  to  the  Sixty-second 
Congress. 

Sherman,  James  Schoolcraft,  a  Representa- 
tive from  New  York ;  born  in  Utica,  N.  Y.,  Oc- 
tober 24,  1855 ;  pursued  an  academic  and  col- 
legiate course,  and  was  graduated  from  Hamilton 
college  in  1878 ;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the 
bar  in  1880,  and  practiced ;  president  of  the 
Utica  trust  and  deposit  company,  and  president 
of  the  New  Hartford  canning  company ;  mayor 
of  Utica  in  1884 ;  delegate  in  the  Republican  na- 
tional convention  of  1892 ;  chairman  of  New 
York  state  Republican  convention  in  1895,  and 
again  in  1900 ;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the 
Fiftieth  and  Fifty-first  Congresses  (March  4, 
1887-March  3,  1891)  ;  reelected  to  the  Fifty- 
third,  and  to  the  seven  succeeding  Congresses; 
elected  Vice  President  of  the  United  States  in 
1908,  and  served  from  March  4,  1909,  until  his 
death  in  Utica,  N.  Y.,  October  30,  1912. 

Sherman,  John,  a  Representative  and  a  Sen- 
ator from  Ohio ;  born  in  Lancaster,  Ohio,  May 
10,  1823;  attended  the  common  schools  and  Ho- 
mer academy,  Lancaster,  Pa.,  1835-1837 ;  junior 
rodman  of  an  engineer  corps  1839;  studied  law, 
was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1844,  and  began  prac- 
tice in  Mansfield,  Ohio ;  delegate  in  the  Whig 
national  convention  in  Philadelphia  June  7, 
1848,  and  served  as  secretary ;  delegate  in  the 
Whig  national  convention  in  Baltimore  June 
16,  1852;  moved  to  Cleveland,  Ohio,  in  1853; 
elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Thirty-fourth. 
Thirty-fifth,  Thirty-sixth,  and  Thirty-seventh 
Congresses  (March  4,  1855-March  3,  1861)  ; 
delegate  in  the  Republican  national  convention 
in  Philadelphia  June  7,  1860;  president  of  the 
first  Ohio  Republican  state  convention  in  1855; 
elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  United  States 
Senate,  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  the  resignation 
of  Salmon  P.  Chase;  reelected  in  1S66  and  1872, 
and  served  from  March  21,  1861,  until  his  resig- 
nation, March  8,  1877  ;  Secretary  of  the  Treasury 
of  the  United  States  during  the  Hayes  adminis- 
tration ;  reelected  to  the  United  States  Senate  in 

1880,  1886,  and  1892,  and  served  from  March  4, 

1881,  until  his  resignation,  March  4,  1897 ;  Sec- 
retary of  State  of  the  United  States  from  March 
5,  1897,  until  his  resignation,  April  25,  1898 ;  re- 
tired to  private  life;  died  in  Washington,  D.  C., 
October  22,  1900;  interment  in  Mansfield,  Ohio. 

Sherman,  Judson  W.,  a  Representative  from 
New  York ;  native  of  that  state ;  completed 
preparatory  studies;  held  several  local  offices; 
elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Thirty-fifth  Con- 
gress (March  4,  1857-March  3,  1859). 

Sherman,  Roger,  a  Delegate,  a  Representa- 
tive, and  a  Senator  from  Connecticut;  born  in 
Newton,  Mass.,  April  19,  1721 ;  moved  with  his 

50346°— S.  Doc.  654,  61-2 63 


parents  to  Stoughton  (now  Canton),  Mass.,  in 
1723;  attended  the  public  schools;  learned  the 
shoemaker's  trade ;  moved  to  New  Milford,  Conn., 
in  1743 ;  surveyor  of  New  Haven  county  1745 ; 
studied  law  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in 
February,  1754 ;  member  of  the  general  as- 
sembly in  1755  and  1758-1761;  justice  of  the 
court  of  common  pleas  1759-1761;  moved  to 
New  Haven,  Conn.,  in  June,  1761 ;  member  of 
the  state  house  of  representatives  1764-1766; 
elected  to  the  state  senate  1766-1785;  judge  of 
the  superior  court  1766-1789;  Delegate  in  the 
Continental  Congress  1774-1781,  and  1783-1784; 
signer  of  the  Declaration  of  Independence  and 
a  member  of  the  committee  which  drafted  it; 
member  of  the  committee  to  prepare  the  arti- 
cles of  confederation;  the  only  Delegate  in 
the  Continental  Congress  who  signed  all  four 
of  the  great  state  papers — the  declaration  of 
1774,  the  articles  of  confederation,  the  declara- 
tion of  independence,  and  the  federal  constitu- 
tion; mayor  of  New  Haven  1784,  until  his 
death;  delegate  in  the  constitutional  convention 
in  Philadelphia  1787;  elected  to  the  First  Con- 
gress (March  4,  1789-1791)  ;  elected  to  the 
United  States  Senate,  to  fill  vacancy  caused 
by  the  resignation  of  William  S.  Johnson,  and 
served  from  June  13,  1791,  until  his  death  in 
New  Haven,  Conn.,  July  23,  1793. 

Sherman,  Socrates  N.,  a  Representative  from 
New  York;  native  of  Vermont;  moved  to  Og- 
densburg,  N.  Y. ;  elected  as  a  Republican  to 
the  Thirty-seventh  Congress  (March  4,  1861- 
March  3,  1863). 

Sherrill,  Eliakim,  a  Representative  from  New 
York;  born  in  Greenville,  Ulster  county,  N.  Y., 
February  16,  1813;  attended  the  public 'schools; 
tanner  and  farmer;  held  several  local  offices; 
major  in  state  militia;  elected  as  a  Whig  to 
the  Thirtieth  Congress  (March  4,  1847-March  3, 
1849)  ;  member  of  the  state  senate  1854;  organ- 
ized the  one  hundred  and  twenty-sixth  New 
York  volunteer  regiment  and  became  its  colonel ; 
wounded  at  Harpers  Ferry,  W.  Va.,  September 
15,  1862,  but  remained  in  the  service ;  com- 
manded the  third  brigade,  third  division,  second 
army  corps,  after  Colonel  Willard's  death,  July 
2,  1863,  at  the  battle  of  Gettysburg  until  he  was 
mortally  wounded  on  July  3,  1863,  and  died 
July  4,  1863. 

Sherrod,  William.  Crawford,  a  Representa- 
tive from  Alabama ;  born  in  Courtland,  Ala.. 
August  17,  1831 ;  attended  the  common  schools 
and  was  graduated  from  Chapel  Hill  college, 
N.  C. ;  planter ;  member  of  the  state  house  of 
representatives  1859-1860 ;  delegate  to  the  Demo- 
cratic national  convention  in  Charleston,  S.  C. ; 
served  in  the  Confederate  army ;  elected  as  a 
Democrat  to  the  Forty-first  Congress  (March  4, 
1869-March  3,  1871)  ;  member  of  the  state  sen- 
ate in  1875;  retired  and  resides  in  Wichita 
Falls,  Tex. 

Sherwin,  John  Crocker,  a  Representative  from 
Illinois;  born  in  St.  Lawrence  county,  N.  Y., 
February  8,  1838 ;  attended  the  common  schools ; 
Gouverneur  Wesleyan  seminary  in  New  York 
and  Lombard  university  in  Illinois ;  studied  law 
and  was  admitted  to  the  bar;  county  clerk  of 
Kane  county,  111. ;  city  attorney  of  Aurora,  111. ; 
enlisted  in  the  Union  army  during  the  civil  war 
in  the  eighty-ninth  Illinois  volunteer  infantry 
and  served  until  its  close;  elected  as  a  Repub- 


994 


CONGRESSIONAL   DIRECTORY. 


lican  to  the  Forty-sixth  and  Forty-seventh  Con- 
gresses (March  4,  1879-March  3,  1883)  ;  died  in 
Benton  Harbor,  Mich.,  January  1,  1904. 

Sherwood,  Henry,  a  Representative  from 
Pennsylvania;  born  in  Bridgeport,  Conn.,  Octo- 
ber 9,  1817 ;  moved  with  his  parents  to  Schuyler 
county,  N.  Y.,  in  1817;  completed  preparatory 
studies ;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in 
1847,  and  practiced  in  Wellsboro,  Pa. ;  held  sev- 
eral local  offices ;  served  in  the  Texas  army  un- 
der Sam  Houston  in  1836  and  1837;  moved  to 
Georgia  county,  Pa.,  in  1840 ;  elected  as  a  Demo- 
crat to  the  Forty-second  Congress  (March  4, 
1871-March  3,  1873)  ;  died  in  Wellsboro,  Tioga 
county,  Pa.,  November  10,  1896. 

Sherwood,  Isaac  B,.,  a  Representative  from 
Ohio;  born  in  Stanford,  Dutchess  county,  N.  Y., 
August  13,  1835;  attended  the  common  schools, 
the  Hudson  river  institute,  Claverick,  N.  Y. ; 
Antioch  college,  Ohio,  and  the  Ohio  law  col- 
lege, Poland,  Ohio  ;  editor  of  the  Williams  County 
Gazette,  Bryan,  Ohio,  in  1857;  elected  probate 
judge  of  Williams  county  in  October,  1860 ;  en- 
listed April  22,  1861,  as  a  private  in  the  four- 
teenth Ohio  volunteer  infantry;  commissioned 
first  lieutenant  and  adjutant  of  the  one  hundred 
and  eleventh  Ohio  infantry  September  6,  1862; 
major  February  13,  1863 ;  lieu'tenant  colonel 
February  12,  1864;  brevet  brigadier  general 
of  volunteers  February  27,  1865;  honorably 
mustered  out  June  27,  1865;  located  in  To- 
ledo, Ohio,  and  was  editor  of  the  Toledo  Com- 
mercial ;  political  editorial  writer  on  the  Cleve- 
land Leader;  secretary  of  state  of  Ohio  in  1868 
and  1870;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Forty- 
third  Congress  (March  4,  1873-March  3,  1875)  ; 
editor  of  the  Toledo  Journal  in  1875;  elected 
probate  judge  of  Lucas  county  in  1878  and  1881 ; 
reelected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Sixtieth  and 
Sixty-first  Congresses  (March  4,  1907-March  3, 
1911).  Reelected  to  the  Sixty-second  Congress. 

Sherwood,  Samuel,  a  Representative  from 
New  York ;  born  in  Washington  county,  N.  Y., 
April  24,  1779;  completed  preparatory  studies; 
moved  to  Delhi,  N.  Y.,  in  1798 ;  studied  law,  was 
admitted  to  the  bar  in  1800,  and  practiced  in 
Delhi,  N.  Y. ;  elected  as  a  Federalist  to  the 
Thirteenth  Congress  (March  4,  1813-March  3, 
1815)  ;  moved  to  New  York  City  in  1830,  and 
died  there  October  31,  1862. 

Sherwood,  Samuel  B.,  a  Representatives  from 
Connecticut ;  born  in  that  state  in  1767 ;  was 
graduated  from  Yale  college  in  1786;  studied 
law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  began  prac- 
tice in  Saugatuck,  Conn. ;  member  of  the  state 
house  of  representatives;  elected  to  the  Fif- 
teenth Congress  (March  4,  1817-March  3,  1819)  ; 
died  in  Saugatuck,  Conn.,  April  27,  1833. 

Shiel,  George  K.,  a  Representative  from  Ore- 
gon ;  native  of  Ireland ;  emigrated  to  the  United 
States  and  located  in  Oregon ;  elected  as  a  Demo- 
crat to  the  Thirty-seventh  Congress  (March  4, 
1861-March  3,  1863). 

Shields,  Benjamin  G.,  a  Representative  from 
Alabama  ;  resided  in  Demopolis,  Ala. ;  completed 
preparatory  studies;  elected  as  a  Whig  to  the 
Twenty-seventh  Congress  (March  4,  1841-March 
3,  1843)  ;  charge  d'affaires  in  Venezuela  1845- 
1850. 

Shields,  Ebenezer  J.,  a  Representative  from 
Tennessee ;  native  of  Georgia ;  moved  to  Ten- 


nessee and  located  in  Pulaski ;  was  gradu- 
ated from  the  university  of  Nashville  in  1827 ; 
studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  prac- 
ticed in  Pulaski,  Tenn.,  for  several  years ;  elected 
as  a  Whig  to  the  Twenty-fourth  and  Twenty- 
fifth  Congresses  (March  4,  1835-March  3,  1839)  ; 
died  in  Memphis,  Tenn.,  May  20,  1846. 

Shields,  James,  a  Senator  from  Illinois,  Min- 
nesota, and  Missouri ;  born  in  Dungannon, 
county  Tyrone,  Ireland,  May  6,  1806;  emigrated 
to  the  United  States ;  studied  law,  was  admitted 
to  the  bar,  and  began  practice  in  Kaskaskia, 
111. ;  member  of  the  state  house  of  representa- 
tives in  1836;  auditor  of  state  1839;  supreme 
court  judge  in  1843;  Commissioner  General 
Land  Office  1845-1847;  served  in  the  Mexican 
war;  brigadier  general  of  volunteers  July  1, 
1864 ;  brevet  major  general  April  18,  1847,  "  for 
gallant  and  meritorious  conduct  at  the  battle  of 
Cerro  Gordo,  Mexico " ;  honorably  discharged 
July  24,  1848;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the 
United  States  Senate  from  Illinois,  and  served 
from  March  4,  1849,  to  March  3,  1855 ;  moved  to 
Minnesota  in  1855 ;  reelected  to  the  United  States 
Senate  from  Minnesota,  and  served  from  May 
12,  1858,  to  March  3,  1859 ;  moved  to  California ; 
served  in  the  Union  army  as  brigadier  general 
of  volunteers  from  August  19,  1861,  until  his 
resignation  March  28,  1863;  returned  to  Cali- 
fornia ;  moved  to  Carrollton,  Mo.,  and  practiced 
law;  appointed  adjutant  general  of  the  state  in 
1877 ;  United  States  Senator  from  Missouri  from 
January  24,  1879,  to  March  3,  1879;  died  in 
Ottumwa,  Iowa,  June  1,  1879. 

Shields,  James,  a  Representative  from  Ohio ; 
elected  as  a  Jackson  Democrat  to  the  Twenty- 
first  Congress  (March  4,  1829-March  3,  1831); 
died  July  17,  1831. 

Shinn,  William  N.,  a  Representative  from 
New  Jersey;  native  of  that  state;  farmer; 
elected  as  a  Jackson  Democrat  to  the  Twenty- 
third  and  Twenty-fourth  Congresses  (March  4, 
1833-March  3,  1837). 

Shipherd,  Zebulon  B.,  a  Representative  from 
New  York ;  native  of  Washington  county,  N.  Y. ; 
elected  as  a  Federalist  to  the  Thirteenth  Con- 
gress (March  4,  1813-March  3,  1815). 

Shippen,  "William,  a  Delegate  from  Pennsyl- 
vania ;  born  in  Philadelphia,  Pa.,  October  1, 
1712 ;  was  graduated  from  Princeton  College  in 
1754 ;  studied  medicine  in  Europe,  and  com- 
menced practice  in  Philadelphia,  Pa. ;  founded 
the  medical  school  of  Philadelphia ;  Delegate  in 
the  Continental  Congress  1778-1780 ;  died  in  Ger- 
mantown,  Pa.,  November  4,  1801. 

Shiras,  George,  III,  a  Representative  from 
Pennsylvania ;  born  in  Allegheny,  Pa.,  January 
1,  1859;  attended  Phillips  academy,  Andover, 
Mass.,  and  was  graduated  from  Cornell  Uni- 
versity in  1881,  and  from  the  Yale  law  school 
in  1883;  was  admitted  to  the  Connecticut  and 
Pennsylvania  bars  in  1883,  and  commenced  prac- 
tice in  Pittsburgh,  Pa. ;  member  of  the  Pennsyl- 
vania legislature  1889-1890 ;  unsuccessful  candi- 
date for  the  Republican  nomination  for  Congress 
in  1890;  elected  as  an  independent  to  the  Fifty- 
eighth  Congress  (March  4,  1903-March  3,  1905). 

Shively,  Benjamin  Franklin,  a  Representa- 
tive and  a  Senator  from  Indiana  :  born  in  St. 
Joseph  county,  Ind..  March  20,  1857 ;  attended 
the  common  schools,  the  Northern  Indiana  nor- 


BIOGRAPHIES. 


995 


mal  school,  and  the  University  of  Michigan ;  ad- 
mitted to  the  bar ;  taught  school  1874-1880 ;  en- 
gaged in  journalism  1880-1884 ;  secretary  of  the 
National  antimonopoly  organization  in  1883 ; 
elected  to  the  Forty-eighth  Congress  as  a  Na- 
tional Antimonopolist,  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by 
the  resignation  of  William  H.  Calkins ;  reelected 
as  a  Democrat  to  the  Fiftieth,  Fifty-first,  and 
Fifty-second  Congresses,  and  served  from  Decem- 
ber 1,  1884,  to  March  3,  1893 ;  resumed  the  prac- 
tice of  law  in  South  Bend,  Ind. ;  defeated  as  the 
Democratic  candidate  for  governor  of  Indiana 
in  1896 ;  elected  to  the  United  States  Senate  in 
1909,  for  the  term  ending  March  3,  1915. 

Shober,  Francis  E.,  a  Representative  from 
North  Carolina ;  born  in  Salem,  N.  C.,  March 
12,  1831 ;  was  graduated  from  the  University  of 
North  Carolina  in  1851;  studied  law,  was  ad- 
mitted to  the  bar,  and  began  practice  in  1854; 
served  in  both  branches  of  the  North  Carolina 
legislature;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Forty- 
first  and  Forty-second  Congresses  (March  4, 
1869-March  3,  1873)  ;  chief  clerk  of  the  United 
States  Senate  in  the  Forty-fifth  Congress,  and 
after  the  death  of  Secretary  Burch  was  made 
Acting  Secretary  of  the  Senate  during  the  Forty- 
sixth  and  Forty-seventh  Congresses;  died  in 
Salisbury,  N.  C.,  May  29,  1896. 

Shober,  Francis  Emanuel,  a  Representative 
from  New  York;  born  in  Salisbury,  N.  C.,  Octo- 
ber 24,  1860 ;  attended  the  common  schools ;  was 
graduated  from  St  Stephen's  college,  Annan- 
dale,  N.  Y.,  in  1880;  engaged  in  ministerial  and 
educational  work  in  Dutchess  county,  N.  Y. ; 
reporter  on  the  News-Press,  of  Poughkeepsie ; 
editor  of  the  Rockaway  Journal,  at  Far  Rock- 
away,  N.  Y. ;  member  of  the  editorial  staff  of 
the  New  York  World;  member  of  the  state  sen- 
ate 1887-1891;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the 
Fifty-eighth  Congress  (March  4,  1903-March  3, 
1905) ;  resumed  newspaper  work  in  New  York 
City. 

Shoemaker,  Lazarus  Denison,  a  Representa- 
tive from  Pennsylvania ;  born  in  Forty  Fort, 
Luzerne  County,  Pa.,  November  5,  1819;  at- 
tended Nazareth  hall,  Nazareth,  Pa.,  and  Ken- 
yon  college,  Gambler,  Ohio,  and  was  graduated 
from  Yale  college  in  1840;  studied  law,  was  ad- 
mitted to  the  bar  in  1842,  and  began  practice 
in  Wilkes-Barre,  Pa. ;  member  of  the  state  sen- 
ate 1866-1868;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the 
Forty-second  and  Forty -third  Congresses  (March 
4,  1871-March  3,  1875)  ;  died  in  Wilkes-Barre, 
Pa.,  September  9,  1893. 

Shonk,  George  Washing-ton,  a  Representa- 
tive from  Pennsylvania ;  born  in  Plymouth,  Pa., 
April  26,  1850;  attended  Wyoming  seminary, 
Kingston,  Pa.,  and  was  graduated  from  Wes- 
leyan  University,  Middletown,  Conn.,  in  1873; 
was  admitted  to  the  bar  of  Luzerne  county.  Pa., 
September  29,  1876,  and  commenced  practice  in 
Wilkes-Barre;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the 
Fifty-second  Congress  (March  4,  1891-March  3, 
1893)  ;  interested  in  coal  mining  in  Pennsyl- 
vania; died  in  Washington,  D.  C.,  August  14, 
1900. 

Shorter,  Eli  Sims,  a  Representative  from 
Alabama ;  born  in  Monticello,  Ga.,  March  15, 
1823 ;  was  graduated  from  Yale  college  in  1843 ; 
studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  prac- 
ticed in  Eufaula,  Ala. ;  became  a  planter ;  elected 
as  a  Democrat  to  the  Thirty-fourth  and  Thirty- 


fifth  Congresses  (March  4,  1855-March  3,  1859)  ; 
died  in  Eufaula,  Ala.,  April  29,  1879. 

Shoup,  George  Laird,  a  Senator  from  Idaho; 
born  in  Kittanning,  Armstrong  county,  Pa.,  June 
15,  1836;  attended  the  public  schools  of  Free- 
port  and  Slate  Lick;  moved  with  his  father  to 
Illinois  in  June,  1852;  engaged  in  farming  and 
stock  raising  near  Galesburg,  111.,  until  1858; 
moved  to  Colorado  in  1859 ;  engaged  in  mining 
and  mercantile  pursuits  until  1861;  in  Septem- 
ber, 1861,  enlisted  in  Captain  Backus's  independ- 
ent company  of  scouts,  and  soon  thereafter  com- 
missioned second  lieutenant;  ordered  to  Fort 
Union,  N.  Mex.,  in  1862;  kept  on  scouting  duty 
on  the  Canadian,  Pecos,  and  Red  rivers  until 
1863 ;  during  this  time  promoted  to  first  lieuten- 
ant; ordered  to  the  Arkansas  River;  had  been 
assigned  in  1862  to  the  second  Colorado  regiment 
of  volunteer  infantry,  but  retained  on  duty  in 
the  cavalry  service;  assigned  to  the  first  Colo- 
rado regiment  of  cavalry  in  May,  1863;  member 
of  the  convention  to  prepare  a  constitution  for 
the  proposed  state  of  Colorado  in  1864 ;  returned 
to  active  duty  in  the  army ;  commissioned 
colonel  of  the  third  Colorado  cavalry  in  Septem- 
ber, 1864,  and  mustered  out  in  Denver;  engaged 
in  mercantile  pursuits  in  Virginia  City,  Mont, 
in  1866,  and  also  in  Salmon 'City,  Idaho;  mem- 
ber of  the  territorial  legislature ;  delegate  in  the 
Republican  national  convention  in  1880;  mem- 
ber of  the  Republican  national  committee  1880- 
1884,  1888-1892 ;  United  States  commissioner  for 
Idaho  at  the  World's  cotton  centennial  exposi- 
tion in  New  Orleans,  La.,  1884—1885 ;  appointed 
governor  of  Idaho  Territory  1889;  elected  gov- 
ernor of  Idaho  October  1,  1890;  elected  as  a 
Republican  to  the  United  States  Senate,  Decem- 
ber 18,  1890 ;  reelected  in  1895,  and  served  from 
December  29,  1890,  to  March  3,  1901;  died  in 
Boise  City,  Idaho,  December  21,  1904. 

Showalter,  Joseph  Baltzell,  a  Representative 
from  Pennsylvania ;  born  near  Smithfield,  Pa., 
February  11,  1851 ;  attended  the  public  schools 
and  Georges  Creek  academy ;  taught  school  for 
six  years;  studied  medicine  in  Long  Island  col- 
lege hospital,  Brooklyn,  and  was  graduated 
from  the  college  of  physicians  and  surgeons  of 
Baltimore,  Md. ;  practiced  medicine  for  a  num- 
ber of  years  in  Chicora,  Pa. ;  engaged  in  the  pro- 
duction of  petroleum  and  natural  gas ;  elected  to 
the  state  house  of  representatives  in  1886; 
elected  to  the  state  senate  in  1888;  elected  as 
a  Republican  to  the  Fifty-fifth,  Fifty-sixth,  and 
Fifty-seventh  Congresses  (March  4,  1897-March 
3,  1901) ;  a  resident  of  Pittsburgh,  Pa. 

Shower,  Jacob,  a  Representative  from  Mary- 
land; born  in  Baltimore  county,  Md.,  February 
22,  1803;  was  graduated  from  the  University  of 
Maryland  in  1825;  Democratic  member  of  the 
state  legislature;  clerk  of  the  circuit  court  of 
Carrol  county  1842-1850;  delegate  in  the  state 
constitutional  convention  of  1851 ;  elected  as  an 
Independent  to  the  Thirty-third  Congress  (March 
4, 1853-March  3, 1855) ;  died  in  Manchester,  Md., 
May  25,  1879. 

Shuford,  Alonzo  Craig,  a  Representative 
from  North  Carolina ;  born  in  Catawba  county, 
N.  C.,  March  1,  1858;  attended  the  common 
schools  and  Newton  college;  engaged  in  agri- 
cultural pursuits ;  joined  the  Alliance  in  1889 ; 
made  county  lecturer,  and  later  district  lec- 
turer; elected  delegate  to  the  labor  conference 


996 


CONGRESSIONAL   DIRECTORY. 


in  St.  Louis  in  February,  1892;  also  delegate 
in  the  Populist  convention  in  Omaha  July  4, 
same  year;  elected  vice  president  of  the  state 
Alliance  in  1894.;  elected  as  a  Populist  to  the 
Fifty-fourth  and  Fifty-fifth  Congresses  (March 
4,  1895-March  3,  1899). 

Shull,  Joseph  Horace,  a  Representative 
from  Pennsylvania;  born  in  Lynchburg,  Va., 
August  17,  1848 ;  took  a  special  course  in  La- 
fayette college,  Easton,  Pa.;  was  graduated 
from  the  University  of  New  York,  New  York 
City ;  was  graduated  in  medicine  in  1874,  from 
the  Bellevue  hospital  medical  college,  New  York. ; 
taught  in  the  public  schools  of  Pennsylvania  for 
four  years;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the 
bar  in  1879,  and  practiced ;  associate  editor  of 
the  Monroe  Democrat  from  1881  to  1886;  mem- 
ber of  the  state  senate,  1886-1891 ;  elected  as  a 
Democrat  to  the  Fifty -eighth  Congress  (March 
4, 1903-March  3, 1905 ;  president  of  the  Delaware 
Valley  railroad  company;  resumed  the  practice 
of  law  in  Stroudsburg,  Pa. 

Shultz,  Emanuel,  a  Representative  from 
Ohio;  born  in  Stouchsburg,  Berks  county.  Pa., 
July  25,  1819;  moved  to  Miamisburg,  Montgom- 
ery county,  Ohio,  in  1838 ;  engaged  in  mercan- 
tile business  and  in  manufacturing;  member  of 
the  state  constitutional  convention  of  1873 ; 
elected  a  member  of  the  state  legislature  in 
1875  and  served  two  years;  elected  as  a  Repub- 
lican to  the  Forty-seventh  Congress  (March  4, 
1881-March  3,  1883). 

Sibley,  Henry  Hastings,  a  Delegate  from 
the  Territories  of  Wisconsin  and  Minnesota; 
born  in  Detroit,  Mich.,  February  20,  1811;  re- 
ceived a  limited  schooling ;  studied  law ;  elected 
a  Delegate  from  the  Territory  of  Wisconsin  to 
the  Thirtieth  Congress  (March  4,  1847-March  3, 
1849)  ;  elected  a  Delegate  from  the  Territory  of 
Minnesota  to  the  Thirty-first  and  Thirty-second 
Congresses  (March  4,  1849-March  3,  1853)  ; 
member  of  the  territorial  legislature  of  Min- 
nesota 1855 ;  member  of  the  constitutional  con- 
vention of  Minnesota  ia  1857 ;  governor  of  Min- 
nesota in  1858 ;  served  in  the  Union  army ; 
brigadier  general  of  volunteers  September  29, 
1862,  to  March  4,  1863;  again  brigadier  general 
of  volunteers  March  20,  1863 ;  brevet  major  gen- 
eral of  volunteers  November  29,  1865,  "  for  effi- 
cient and  meritorious  service  " ;  honorably  mus- 
tered out  April  30,  1866 ;  died  in  St.  Paul,  Minn., 
February  18,  1891. 

Sibley,  Jonas,  a  Representative  from  Massa- 
chusetts ;  born  in  Sutton,  Mass.,  March  7,  1762 ; 
completed  preparatory  studies;  held  several 
local  offices ;  member  of  the  state  house  of  repre- 
sentatives for  seventeen  successive  years;  mem- 
ber of  the  state  senate  1819 ;  presidential  elector 
in  1820;  delegate  in  the  constitutional  conven- 
tion of  1820;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the 
Eighteenth  Congress  (March  4,  1823-March  3, 
1825);  unsuccessful  candidate  for  reelection; 
died  in  Sutton,  Mass.,  February  5,  1834. 

Sibley,  Joseph  Crocker,  a  Representative 
from  Pennsylvania ;  born  in  Friendship,  N.  Y., 
February  18,  1850;  attended  the  county  schools; 
taught  school  and  studied  medicine ;  engaged  in 
the  oil  refining  business  in  Franklin,  Pa. ;  manu- 
facturer and  farmer ;  mayor  of  Franklin,  Pa. ; 
elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Fifty-third  Con- 
gress (March  4,  1893-March  3,  1895)  ;  reelected 


to  the  Fifty-sixth  Congress  (March  4,  1899- 
March  3,  1901)  ;  again  elected  as  a  Republican 
to  the  Fifty-seventh,  Fifty-eighth,  and  Fifty- 
ninth  Congresses  (March  4,  1901-March  3, 
1907)  ;  permanent  chairman  of  the  Republican 
state  convention  of  1902 ;  engaged  in  farming 
and  stock  raising  in  Franklin,  Pa. 

Sibley,  Mark  Hopkins,  a  Representative  from 
New  York ;  born  in  Great  Harrington,  Mass.,  in 
3796;  completed  preparatory  studies;  studied 
law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  began  prac- 
tice in  Canandaigua,  N.  Y.,  in  1814 ;  state  repre- 
sentative 1834-1835;  elected  as  a  Whig  to  the 
Twenty-fifth  Congress  (March  4,  1837-March  3, 
1839);  state  senator  in  1841;  county  judge  in 
1847.;  died  in  Canandaigua,  N.  Y.,  September  8, 
1852. 

Sibley,  Solomon,  a  Representative  from  Michi- 
gan Territory ;  born  in  Sutton,  Mass.,  October  7, 
1769;  completed  preparatory  studies;  studied 
law,  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1785 ;  moved 
to  Marietta,  Ohio,  and  commenced  practice; 
moved  to  Detroit.  Mich.,  in  1797 ;  delegate  to  the 
territorial  legislature  in  1799 ;  mayor  of  Detroit, 
Mich. ;  elected  to  the  Sixteenth  Congress,  to  fill 
vacancy  caused  by  the  resignation  of  William 
W.  Woodbridge;  reelected  to  the  Seventeenth 
Congress,  and  served  from  November  20,  1820, 
to  March  3,  1823;  judge  of  the  state  supreme 
court  1824-1836;  died  in  Detroit,  Mich.,  April  4, 
1846. 

Sickles,  Daniel  Edgar,  a  Representative  from 
New  York;  born  in  New  York  City  October  20, 
1825 ;  printer ;  attended  the  New  York  univer- 
sity ;  member  of  the  state  assembly  in  1847 ; 
major  Twelfth  National  guards  1852 ;  corpora- 
tion attorney  1853;  secretary  of  legation,  Lon- 
don 1853-1855 ;  member  of  the  state  senate 
1856-1857 ;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Thirty- 
fifth  and  Thirty-sixth  Congresses  (March  4, 
1857-March  3,  1861)  ;  served  in  the  Civil  war; 
colonel  of  the  seventieth  New  York  infantry 
June  20,  1861;  brigadier  general  of  volunteers 
September  3,  1861 ;  major  general  of  volunteers 
November  29,  1862;  honorably  mustered  out 
January  1.  1868;  colonel  of  the  forty-second 
United  States  infantry  July  28,  1866,  and  unas- 
signed  March  15,  1869;  retired  with  rank  of  ma- 
jor general  April  14,  1869 ;  brevet  brigadier  gen- 
eral March  2,  1867,  "  for  gallant  and  meritorious 
service  in  the  battle  of  Fredericksburg,  Va." ; 
major  general  March  2,  1867,  "  for  gallant  and 
meritorious  service  in  the  battle  of  Gettysburg, 
Pa." ;  awarded  medal  of  honor  October  30,  1897, 
"  for  most  distinguished  gallantry  in  action  at 
Gettysburg,  Pa.,  July  2,  1863,  both  before  and 
after  the  loss  of  a  leg  while  serving  as  major 
general  of  volunteers  commanding  the  third 
army  corps  " ;  entrusted  with  a  special  mission 
to  South  American  Republics  1865 ;  declined  the 
position  of  minister  to  Holland  and  Mexico; 
minister  to  Spain  1869-1875;  chairman  of  New 
York  state  civil  service  commission  1888-1889; 
sheriff  of  New  York  city  1890;  elected  as  a 
Democrat  to  the  Fifty-third  Congress  (March 
4,  1893-March  3,  1895)  ;  retired  and  a  resident 
of  New  York  city. 

Sickles,  Nicholas,  a  Representative  from  New 
York ;  native  of  Kinderhook,  N.  Y. ;  elected  as  a 
Democrat  to  the  Twenty-fourth  Congress 
(March  4,  1835-March  3,  1837)  ;  died  in  King- 
ston, N.  Y.,  May  13,  1845. 


BIOGRAPHIES. 


997 


Sill,  Thomas  Hale,  a  Representative  from 
Pennsylvania ;  born  in  Windsor,  Conn.,  October 
11,  1783;  completed  preparatory  studies;  studied 
law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  began  prac- 
tice in  Erie,  Pa.,  in  1812 ;  member  of  the  consti- 
tutional convention  of  Pennsylvania ;  elected  as 
a  Whig  to  the  Nineteenth  Congress,  to  fill  va- 
cancy caused  by  the  death  of  Patrick  Farrelly, 
and  served  from  April  3,  1826,  to  March  3,  1827 ; 
reelected  to  the  Twenty-first  Congress  (March 
4,  1829-March  3,  1831)  ;  presidential  elector  on 
the  Taylor  and  Fillmore  ticket  in  1848 ;  died  in 
Erie,  Pa.,  February  7,  1856. 

Silsbee,  Nathaniel,  a  Representative  and  a 
Senator  from  Massachusetts;  born  in  Salem, 
Essex  county,  Mass.,  January  14, 1773 ;  completed 
preparatory  studies ;  merchant ;  held  several  local 
offices ;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Fifteenth  and 
Sixteenth  Congresses  (March  4,  1817-March  3, 
1821)  ;  member  of  the  state  house  of  represent- 
atives in  1821 ;  member  of  the  state  senate  1823- 
1825,  and  served  as  speaker ;  presidential  elector 
in  1824,  and  1836 ;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the 
United  States  Senate,  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by 
the  resignation  of  James  Lloyd,  and  served  from 
1826  to  1835 ;  died  in  Salem,  Mass.,  July  15,  1850. 

Silvester,  Peter,  a  Representative  from  New 
York ;  born  in  Kinderhook,  N.  Y. ;  received  a 
liberal  education ;  elected  to  the  First  and  Sec- 
ond Congresses  (March  4,  1789-March  3,  1793). 

Silvester,  Peter,  a  Representative  from  New 
York ;  born  on  Long  Island,  N  .Y.,  in  1734 ;  com- 
pleted preparatory  studies ;  studied  law,  was  ad- 
mitted to  the  bar,  and  practiced  in  Albany, 
N.  Y. ;  member  of  the  Albany  common  council 
in  1772;  member  of  the  committee  of  safety  in 
1774;  served  in  the  first  and  second  provincial 
congresses  of  1775  and  1776 ;  moved  to  Kinder- 
hook,  N.  Y.,  and  practiced  law ;  appointed  judge 
of  the  court  of  common  pleas  of  Columbia  county 
in  1786;  member  of  the  state  senate  1796-1800; 
served  in  the  state  assembly  in  1788,  1803,  1804, 
1805,  and  1806;  elected  to  the  First  and  Second 
Congresses  (March  4,  1789-March  3,  1793)  ;  re- 
gent of  the  university  of  the  State  of  New  York ; 
died  in  Kinderhook,  N.  Y.,  October  15,  1808. 

Silvester,  Peter  Henry,  a  Representative 
from  New  York ;  born  in  Kinderhook,  N.  Y., 
February  17,  1807 ;  was  graduated  from  Union 
college,  Schenectady,  N.  Y.,  in  1827 ;  studied  law, 
was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1830,  and  practiced  in 
Coxsackie,  N.  Y. ;  held  several  local  offices ; 
elected  to  the  Thirtieth  and  Thirty-first  Con- 
gresses (March  4,  1847-March  3,  1851)  ;  died  in 
Coxsackie,  N.  Y.,  November  29,  1882. 

Simkins,  Eldred,  a  Representative  from  South 
Carolina ;  born  in  Edgefield  district,  S.  C.,  Au- 
gust 30,  1779 ;  pursued  classical  studies ;  studied 
law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1805,  and  began 
practice  in  Edgefield  Court  House  in  1806; 
served  several  terms  in  the  state  legislature; 
lieutenant  governor  of  the  state  1812-1814; 
elected  to  the  Fifteenth  Congress,  and  served 
from  March  4,  1817,  until  November  3,  1817, 
when  he  resigned ;  reelected  to  the  Sixteenth 
Congress  (March  4,  1819-March  3,  1821);  de- 
clined a  reelection ;  member  of  the  general  as- 
sembly in  1824;  died  in  Edgefield  district,  S.  C., 
November  17,  1831. 

Simmons,  Furnif  old  McLendel,  a  Representa- 
tive and  a  Senator  from  North  Carolina  ;  born  in 


Jones  county,  N.  C.,  January  20, 1854 ;  was  grad- 
uated from  Trinity  college,  North  Carolina,  in 
1873;  studied  law  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar 
in  November,  1875;  moved  to  Newbern,  N.  C., 
in  1876,  and  practiced ;  elected  as  a  Democrat 
to  the  Fiftieth  Congress  (March  4,  1887-March 
3,  1889)  ;  appointed  collector  of  internal  revenue 
in  1893,  and  served  during  the  second  adminis- 
tration of  President  Cleveland ;  in  the  campaigns 
of  1892,  1898,  and  1900  chairman  of  the  Demo- 
cratic executive  committee  of  the  state;  elected 
as  a  Democrat  to  the  United  States  Senate,  and 
took  his  seat  March  4,  1901;  reelected  in  1907 
for  the  term  ending  March  3,  1913. 

Simmons,  George  Abel,  a  Representative  from 
New  York;  born  in  Lynne,  N.  H.,  September  8, 
1791 :  was  graduated  from  Dartmouth  college 
in  1816;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar, 
and  began  practice  in  Keeseville,  N.  Y. ;  mem- 
ber of  the  state  constitutional  convention  of 
1846 ;  elected  as  a  Whig  to  the  Thirty-third  and 
Thirty-fourth  Congresses  (March  4,  1853-March 

3,  1857) ;  died  in  Keeseville,  N.  Y.,  October  28, 
1857. 

Simmons,  James  Fowler,  a  Senator  from 
Rhode  Island;  born  in  Little  Compton,  R.  I., 
September  10,  1795;  pursued  classical  studies; 
farmer  and  manufacturer;  member  of  the  state 
house  of  representatives  1828-1841;  elected  to 
the  United  States  Senate,  and  served  from 
March  4,  1841,  to  March  3,  1847;  returned  to 
Johnson,  R.  I. ;  reelected  to  the  United  States 
Senate,  and  served  from  March  4,  1857,  to 
August  15,  1862,  when  he  resigned;  died  in 
Johnson,  R.  I.,  July  10,  1864. 

Simmons,  James  S.,  a  Representative  from 
New  York ;  born  in  Frederick  county,  Md.,  No- 
vember 25,  1861 ;  attended  Liberty  academy  and 
Frederick  college;  engaged  in  the  real  estate 
business  in  Niagara  Falls,  N.  Y. ;  elected  as  a 
Republican  to  the  Sixty-first  Congress  (March 

4,  1909-March  3,  1911).    Reelected  to  the  Sixty- 
second  Congress. 

Simms,  William  E.,  a  Representative  from 
Kentucky;  native  of  that  state;  received  a  lim- 
ited schooling  in  Paris,  Ky. ;  elected  as  a  Demo- 
crat to  the  Thirty-sixth  Congress  (March  4, 
1859-March  3,  1861). 

Simon,  Joseph,  a  Senator  from  Oregon ;  born 
in  Bechtheim,  Germany,  February  7,  1851 ;  came 
to  the  United  States  with  his  parents  and  settled 
in  Portland,  Oreg.,  in  1857 ;-  attended  the  public 
schools;  studied  law,  and  was  admitted  to  the 
bar  in  1872;  member  of  the  city  council  1877- 
1880;  secretary  of  the  Republican  state  central 
committee  in  1878;  chairman  of  the  Republican 
state  central  committee  of  Oregon  1880,  1884, 
and  1886;  delegate  in  the  Republican  national 
convention  in  Minneapolis  in  1892;  member  of 
the  state  senate  in  1880,  1888,  and  1894-1898, 
and  served  as  president  in  1889,  1891,  1895,  and 
1897,  and  at  the  special  session  of  1898 ;  elected 
as  a  Republican  to  the  United  States  Senate  Oc- 
tober 6,  1898,  to  fill  vacancy  in  the  term  com- 
mencing March  4,  1897,  and  served  until  March 
3,  1903 ;  mayor  of  Portland,  Oreg.,  1909-1911. 

Simonds,  William  Edgar,  a  Representative 
from  Connecticut;  born  in  Collinsville,  town  of 
Canton,  Hartford  county,  Conn.,  November  24, 
1842;  attended  the  ColJinsville  high  school,  and 
was  graduated  from  the  Connecticut  state  nor- 


998 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 


mal  school  in  New  Britain,  and  from  the  Yale 
law  school;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  and  com- 
menced practice  in  Hartford,  Conn;  member  of 
the  state  house  of  representatives  in  1883  and 
1885,  and  served  as  speaker  in  1885 ;  enlisted  as 
a  private  in  company  A,  twenty-fifth  Connecticut 
regiment  of  infantry,  August  18,  1862 ;  promoted 
to  be  sergeant  major  before  muster  into  the 
United  States  service;  promoted  to  second  lieu- 
tenant of  company  I  of  his  regiment  at  the  battle 
of  Irish  Bend,  La.,  April  24,  1863;  discharged 
from  service  by  reason  of  expiration  of  term 
August  26,  1863 ;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the 
Fifty-first  Congress  (March  4,  1889-March  8, 
1891)  ;  France  decorated  him  a  chevalier  of  the 
legion  of  honor  in  1893 ;  commissioner  of  patents 
1891-1893 ;  resumed  the  practice  of  law  in  Hart- 
ford, Conn.,  until  his  death  March  14,  1903. 

Simons,  Samuel,  a  Representative  from  Con- 
necticut :  born  in  Bridgeport,  Conn.,  in  1777 ; 
pursued  an  academic  course;  held  several  local 
offices;  taught  school;  studied,  medicine  and 
practiced  in  Bridgeport,  Conn. ;  elected  as  a 
Democrat  to  the  Twenty-eighth  Congress  (March 
4,  1843-March  3.  1845)  ;  died  in  Bridgeport, 
Conn.,  January  13,  1847. 

Simonton,  Charles  Bryson,  a  Representa- 
tive from  Tennessee;  born  in  Tipton  county, 
Tenn.,  September  8,  1838;  was  graduated  from 
Erskine  college,  South  Carolina,  in  August. 
1859;  enlisted  as  a  private  in  the  Confederate 
army  in  April,  1861 ;  subsequently  elected  sec- 
ond lieutenant,  and  afterwards  captain ;  se- 
verely wounded  in  the  battle  of  Perryville,  Oc- 
tober 8,  1862,  and  disabled  from  any  further 
active  duty  during  the  war;  elected  clerk  of 
the  circuit  court  of  Tipton  county  in  March. 
1870;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and 
began  practice  in  May,  1873 ;  member  of  the 
state  house  of  representatives  in  1877  and  1878 ; 
president  of  Covington  city  school  board ;  editor 
of  the  Tipton  Record  in  Covington,  Tipton  county, 
Tenn. ;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Forty-sixth 
and  Forty-seventh  Congresses  (March  4,  1879- 
March  3, 188)  ;  chairman  of  the  Democratic  state 
convention  of  1886 ;  Democratic  presidential 
elector  in  1892;  United  States  district  attorney 
of  Tennessee  1895-1898;  died  in  Covington, 
Tenn.,  June  10,  1911. 

Simonton,  William,  a  Representative  from 
Pennsylvania  ;  native  of  Hummelstowu,  Pa. ;  re- 
ceived'a  limited  schooling;  elected  to  the  Twenty- 
sixth  and  Twenty-seventh  Congresses  (March  4, 
1839-March  3,  1843 ;  died  in  South  Hanover,  Pa., 
May  18,  1846. 

Simpkins,  John,  a  Representative  from  Mas- 
sachusetts ;  born  in  New  Bedford,  Mass.,  June 
27,  1862;  attended  the  public  schools  of  Yar- 
mouth, St.  Mark's  school,  Southboro,  Mass.,  and 
was  graduated  from  Harvard  university  in  1885 ; 
served  in  the  Massachusetts  senate  in  1890  and 
1891 ;  presidential  elector  for  Harrison  and 
Reid  in  1892;  president  of  the  Republican  club 
of  Massachusetts  in  1892  and  1893;  member  of 
the  Massachusetts  Republican  state  committee 
in  1892,  1893,  and  1894;  elected  as  a  Repub- 
lican to  the  Fifty-fourth  and  Fifty-fifth  Con- 
gresses and  served  from  March  4,  1895,  until  his 
death  in  Yarmouth,  Mass.,  March  27,  1898. 

Simpson,  Jerry,  a  Representative  from  Kan- 
sas; born  in  the  province  of  New  Brunswick 
March  31,  1842;  moved  with  his  parents  to 


Oneida  county,  N.  Y. ;  began  life  as  a  sailor 
and  followed  the  seas  for  twenty-three  years; 
served  in  the  Civil  war  in  company  A,  twelfth 
Illinois  infantry ;  moved  to  Kansas  in  1878  and 
settled  near  Medicine  Lodge,  Barber  county,  and 
engaged  in  farming  and  stock  raising;  unsuc- 
cessful candidate  for  the  Kansas  legislature  on 
the  Independent  ticket  from  Barber  county ; 
elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Fifty-second  and 
Fifty-third  Congresses  (March  4,  1891-March  3, 
1895)  ;  unsuccessful  candidate  for  reelection  to 
the  Fifty-fourth  Congress ;  reelected  to  the 
Fifty-fifth  Congress  (March  4,  1897-1899)  ;  un- 
successful candidate  for  reelection  to  the  Fifty- 
sixth  Congress;  died  in  Wichita,  Kans.,  in  1902. 

Simpson,  Richard  Franklin,  a  Representa- 
tive from  South  Carolina ;  born  in  Laurens, 
S.  C.,  March  24,  1798;  was  graduated  from  the 
University  of  South  Carolina  in  1816;  studied 
law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar.  and  began  practice 
in  Pendleton,  S.  C. ;  held  several  local  offices ; 
member  of  the  state  senate;  elected  as  a  Demo- 
crat to  the  Twenty-eighth,  Twenty-ninth,  and 
Thirtieth  Congresses  (March  4,  1843-March  3, 
1849)  ;  engaged  in  farming;  died  in  Pendleton, 
S.  C.,  October  28,  1882. 

Sims,  Alexander  Dromgoole,  a  Representa- 
tive from  South  Carolina ;  born  in  Brunswick 
county,  Va.,  June  11,  1803 ;  was  graduated  from 
Union  college,  Schenectady,  N.  Y. ;  took  charge 
of  the  Darlington  (S.  C.)  academy  in  1826; 
studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  began 
practice  in  Darlington,  S.  C.,  member  of  the  state 
house  of  representatives  1840-1 S44;  elected  to 
the  Twenty-ninth  and  Thirtieth  Congresses,  and 
served  from  March  4,  1845,  until  his  death  in 
Kingstree,  S.  C.,  November  16,  1848. 

Sims,  Leonard  H.,  a  Representative  from 
Missouri ;  native  of  North  Carolina ;  received  a 
limited  schooling ;  moved  to  Springfield,  Mo. ; 
held  several  local  offices ;  elected  as  a  Democrat 
to  the  Twenty-ninth  Congress  (March  4,  1845- 
March  3,  1847). 

Sims,  Thetus  Willrette,  a  Representative 
from  Tennessee ;  born  in  Wayne  county,  Tenn., 
April  25,  1852;  attended  Savannah  College,  Sa- 
vannah, Tenn..  and  was  graduated  from  the  law 
department  of  the  Cumberland  university,  in 
Lebanon,  Tenn.,  June,  1876;  was  admitted  to  the 
bar,  and  commenced  practice  in  Linden,  Tenn. ; 
county  superintendent  of  public  instruction  for 
Perry  county,  Tenn.,  1882-1884;  presidential 
elector  on  the  Cleveland  and  Stevenson  ticket 
in  1892;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Fifty- 
fifth,  and  to  the  six  succeeding  Congresses 
(March  4,  1897-March  3, 1911).  Reelected  to  the 
Sixty-second  Congress. 

Singiser,  Theodore  Frelinghuysen,  a  Repre- 
sentative from  Idaho  Territory ;  born  in  Church- 
town,  Cumberland  county,  Pa.,  March  15,  1845; 
attended  the  common  schools ;  learned  the  art  of 
printing;  served  in  the  Union  army  during  the 
Civil  war  as  a  private  in  company  E,  sixth  regi- 
ment Pennsylvania  reserves;  participated  in  the 
campaigns  and  battles  of  the  army  of  the  Poto- 
mac up  to  and  including  Antietam ;  honorably 
discharged  in  February,  1863;  reentered  the 
army  in  June,  1863,  as  captain  of  company  A, 
twentieth  regiment  Pennsylvania  cavalry,  and 
in  active  service  with  his  command  until  the 
spring  of  1865,  when  honorably  discharged;  en- 


BIOGEAPHIES. 


999 


gaged  in  mercantile  and  editorial  pursuits;  as- 
sistant assessor  of  internal  revenue  1866-1867 ; 
studied  law  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar;  em- 
ployed in  the  United  States  treasury  from  June, 
1875,  to  1879 ;  appointed  receiver  of  public 
moneys  in  Oxford,  Idaho,  in  February,  1879 ; 
engaged  in  mining  in  Idaho  and  Utah ;  secretary 
of  the  Territory  of  Idaho  in  1880;  acting  gov- 
ernor of  Idaho  during  the  winter  of  1881-1882; 
elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Forty-eighth  Con- 
gress (March  4,  1883-March  3,  1885)  ;  engaged 
in  mining;  died  in  Chicago,  111.,  January  23, 
1907. 

Singleton,  James  Washington,  a  Representa- 
tive from  Illinois ;  born  near  Winchester,  Fred- 
erick county,  Va.,  November  23,  1811 ;  attended 
the  Winchester  academy;  moved  to  Illinois  in 
1833 ;  studied  and  practiced  medicine ;  studied 
law  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar ;  engaged  in 
farming;  served  six  terms  in  the  legislature; 
member  of  the  state  constitutional  conventions  of 
1847  and  1861 ;  elected  brigadier-general  of 
Illinois  militia  in  1844 ;  president  of  and  con- 
structed the  Quincy  and  Toledo  railroad;  also 
president  of  and  constructed  the  Quincy,  Alton 
and  St.  Louis  railroad ;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to 
the  Forty-sixth  and  Forty-seventh  Congresses 
(March  4,  1879-March  3,  1883)  ;  died  in  Balti- 
more, Md.,  April  4,  1892. 

Singleton,  Otho  Robards,  a  Representative 
from  Mississippi :  born  in  Jessamine  county, 
Ky.,  October  14,  1814 ;  pursued  classical  studies, 
and  was  graduated  from  St.  Joseph's  college, 
Bardstown,  Ky.,  and  from  the  Lexington  law 
school ;  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  began 
practice  in  Canton,  Miss.,  in  1838;  member 
of  the  Mississippi  house  of  representatives 
two  years;  served  in  the  Mississippi  senate 
six  years;  presidential  elector  on  the  Pierce 
and  King  ticket  in  1852;  elected  to  the  Thirty- 
third  Congress  (March  4, 1853-March  3, 1855)  ;  re- 
elected  to  the  Thirty-fifth  and  Thirty-sixth  Con- 
gresses, and  served  from  March  4,  1857,  until  his 
retirement,  January  12,  1861 ;  a  representative 
from  Mississippi  in  the  Confederate  congress 
1861-1865;  reelected  as  a  Democrat  to  the 
Forty-fourth,  and  to  the  five  succeeding  Con- 
gresses (March  4,  1875-March  3,  1887)  ;  died  in 
Washington,  D.  C.,  January  11,  1889. 

Singleton,  Thomas  D.,  a  Representative  from 
South  Carolina ;  native  of  that  state ;  attended 
the  common  schools;  held  several  local  offices; 
elected  as  a  Nullifier  to  the  Twenty-third  Con- 
gress, and  died  before  the  assembling  of  the 
Congress,  November  25,  1833. 

Sinnickson,  Clement  Hall,  a  Representative 
from  New  Jersey ;  born  in  Salem  county,  N.  J., 
September  16,  1834 ;  was  graduated  from  Union 
college,  New  York,  in  1855 ;  studied  law,  was  ad- 
mitted to  the  bar,  and  commenced  practice  in 
Salem,  N.  J.,  in  1858 :  captain  in  the  Union 
army;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Forty- 
fourth  and  Forty-fifth  Congresses  (March  4, 
1875-March  3,  1879)  ;  resumed  the  practice  of 
law  in  Salem,  N.  J. 

Sinnickson,  Thomas,  a  Representative  from 
New  Jersey;  born  in  Salem  county,  N.  J.,  in 
1745;  completed  preparatory  studies;  merchant; 
captain  in  the  Revolutionary  army ;  held  sev- 
eral local  offices;  member  of  the  state  house  of 
representatives;  elected  to  the  First  Congress 
(March  4,  1789-March  3,  1791);  reelected  to 


the   Fifth   Congress    (March   4,   1797-March   3, 
1799 ;  died  in  Salem,  N.  J.,  May  15,  1817. 

Sinnickson,  Thomas,  a  Representative  from 
New  Jersey;  born  in  Salem,  N.  J.,  December  13, 
1786;  merchant;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to 
the  bar,  and  practiced ;  membec  of  the  state  house 
of  representatives ;  judge  of  the  court  of  common 
pleas  for  twenty  years;  elected  to  the  Twentieth 
Congress,  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  the  death  of 
Hedge  Thompson,  and  served  from  December  1, 
1828,  to  March  3,  1829 ;  died  in  Salem,  N.  J. 

Sipe,  William  Allen,  a  Representative  from 
Pennsylvania;  born  near  Harrisonville,  Fulton 
county,  Pa.,  July  1,  1844;  attended  the  public 
schools  and  the  Cassville  academy,  Cassville, 
Huntingdon  county,  Pa.;  studied  law,  was  ad- 
mitted to  the  bar  in  August,  1865.  and  practiced 
in  Huntingdon,  Pa. ;  moved  to  Indianapolis,  Ind., 
in  January,  1867,  and  practiced ;  moved  to  Pitts- 
burgh, Pa.,  December,  1868,  and  practiced; 
elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Fifty-second  Con- 
gress, to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  the  death  of 
Alexander  K.  Craig;  reelected  to  the  Fifty- 
third  Congress,  and  served  from  December  5, 
1892,  to  March  3,  1895 ;  resumed  the  practice  of 
law  in  Pittsburgh,  Pa. 

Sisson,  Thomas  Upton,  a  Representative 
from  Mississippi;  born  in  Attala  county,  Miss.; 
moved  with  his  father  to  Choctaw  county,  Miss. ; 
attended  the  common  schools  of  the  county,  the 
French  Camp  academy,  Mississippi,  and  was 
graduated  from  the  southwestern  Presbyterian 
university  in  Clarkesville,  Tenn.,  in  1889 ;  princi- 
pal of  the  Carthage  high  school  1880-1890,  and  of 
the  graded  schools  of  Kosciusko,  Attala  county, 
Miss.,  in  1890-1892;  was  graduated  from  the 
law  department  of  Cumberland  university,  Leb- 
anon, Tenn.,  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in 
Memphis,  Tenn.,  in  1894,  and  practiced  in 
Winona,  Miss. ;  member  of  the  state  senate ; 
Democratic  elector  in  1900;  elected  district  at- 
torney of  the  fifth  judicial  district  in  1903;  un- 
successful candidate  for  governor  of  Mississippi 
in  1907 ;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Sixty-first 
Congress  (March  4,  1909-1911).  Reelected  to 
the  Sixty-second  Congress. 

Sitgreaves,  Charles,  a  Representative  from 
New  Jersey ;  born  in  Easton,  Pa.,  April  22,  1803 ; 
moved  with  his  parents  to  New  Jersey  in  1806 ; 
pursued  classical  studies;  studied  law,  was  ad- 
mitted to  the  bar  in  Easton,  August  17,  1824, 
and  began  practice  in  Philipsburg,  N.  J. ;  mem- 
ber of  the  state  assembly  1831-1833;  major  com- 
mandant in  the  state  militia  1828-1838;  member 
of  the  legislative  council  1834-1835;  served  in 
the  state  senate  1851-1854 ;  president  of  the  Bel- 
videre  and  Delaware  railroad  company ;  mayor 
of  Pittsburgh,  Pa. ;  president  of  a  national  bank 
in  Pittsburgh ;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the 
Thirty-ninth  and  Fortieth  Congresses  (March  4, 
1865-March  3,  1869)  ;  engaged  in  banking  and 
railroading;  died  in  Philipsburg,  Pa.,  March  17, 
1878. 

Sitgreaves,  John,  a  Delegate  from  North 
Carolina ;  born  in  Newbern,  N.  C->  about  1740 ; 
studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  began 
practice  in  his  native  town ;  served  in  the  Revo- 
lutionary army,  and  attained  the  rank  of  major 
general ;  member  of  the  Continental  Congress, 
1784-1785;  member  of  the  house  of  commons, 
1786-1789;  United  States  district  attorney  for 


1000 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 


North  Carolina  from  1789  until   his  death,  in 
Halifax,  N.  C.,  March  4,  1802. 

Sitgreaves,  Samuel,  a  Representative  from 
Pennsylvania ;  born  in  Philadelphia,  Pa.,  March 
16,  1764 ;  pursued  classical  studies ;  studied  law, 
was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  Philadelphia,  Pa., 
September  3,  1783,  and  began  practice  in  Easton, 
Pa.,  in  1786 ;  delegate  in  the  state  constitutional 
convention  of  1790;  elected  as  a  Federalist  to 
the  Fourth  and  Fifth  Congresses,  and  served 
from  March  4,  1795,  until  his  resignation  in 
1798 ;  United  States  commissioner  to  Great  Brit- 
ain under  the  Jay  treaty ;  president  of  the 
Easton  bank,  1815-1827;  died  in  Easton,  Pa., 
April  4,  1827. 

Skelton,  Charles,  a  Representative  from 
New  Jersey ;  born  in  Buckingham  township, 
Bucks  county,  Pa.,  April  19,  1806;  moved  to 
Trenton,  N.  J. ;  held  several  local  offices ;  en- 
gaged in  the  shoe  business;  studied  medicine 
and  practiced ;  superintendent  of  public  schools 
of  Trenton,  N.  J. ;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the 
Thirty-second  and  Thirty-third  Congresses 
(March  4,  1851-March  3,  1855)  ;  died  in  Trenton, 
N.  J.,  May  20,  1879. 

Skiles,  William  Woodburn,  a  Representative 
from  Ohio ;  born  in  Stoughstown,  Cumberland 
county,  Pa.,  December  11,  1849 ;  moved  with  his 
parents  to  Richland  county,  Ohio,  in  1854 ;  at- 
tended the  district  schools,  and  was  graduated 
from  Baldwin  university,  Berea,  Ohio,  in  1876; 
studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar  July  24, 
1878,  and  commenced  practice  in  Shelby,  Ohio ; 
manufacturer ;  member  of  the  Republican  state 
central  committee;  elected  as  a  Republican  to 
the  Fifty-seventh  and  Fifty-eighth  Congresses, 
and  served  from  March  4,  1901,  until  his  death  in 
Shelby,  Ohio,  January  9,  1904. 

Skinner,  Charles  Rufus,  a  Representative 
from  New  York;  born  in  Union  Square,  Oswego 
county,  N.  Y.,  August  4,  1844;  attended  the 
common  schools,  Clinton  liberal  institute,  and 
was  graduated  from  the  Mexico  academy,  New 
York,  in  1866;  member  of  the  board  of  educa- 
tion of  Watertown,  N.  Y.,  in  1875,  1878,  and 
1881;  member  of  the  state  assembly  1877-1881; 
elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Forty-seventh 
Congress,  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  the  resigna- 
tion of  Warner  Miller ;  reelected  to  the  Forty- 
eighth  Congress  and  served  from  December  5, 
1881,  to  March  3,  1885 ;  editor  of  the  Watertown 
Daily  Republican  until  January  1,  1896 ;  city 
editor  of  the  Watertown  Daily  Times ;  deputy 
state  superintendent  of  public  instruction  1886- 
1892 ;  supervisor  of  teachers'  training  classes 
and  teachers'  institutes  in  the  state  department 
of  public  instruction  1892-1895;  superintendent 
of  public  instruction  1895-1898;  elected  presi- 
dent of  the  National  educational  association  in 
1896 ;  assistant  appraiser  of  merchandise  for  the 
port  of  New  York,  1909-1911. 

Skinner,  Harry,  a  Representative  from 
North  Carolina ;  born  in  Perquimans  county, 
N.  C.,  May  25,  1855;  attended  the  Hertford 
academy  and  the  Kentucky  university ;  studied 
law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1876,  and  prac- 
ticed in  Greenville,  N.  C. ;  town  councilman  rn 
1878;  elected  to  the  state  assembly  in  1890; 
chairman  of  the  Democratic  executive  com- 
mittee of  Pitt  county ;  chairman  of  the  Demo- 
cratic executive  committee  of  the  first  congres- 
sional district,  and  member  of  the  state  central 


committee;  chairman  of  the  Populist  executive 
of  Pitt  county  and  on  the  state  central  com- 
mittee ;  trustee  of  the  state  university ;  elected 
as  a  Populist  to  the  Fifty-fourth  and  Fifty-fifth 
Congresses  (March  4,  1895-March  3,  1899)  ; 
United  States  district  attorney  for  the  eastern 
district  of  North  Carolina  in  1902  and  1906; 
resumed  the  practice  of  law  in  Greenville,  N.  C. 

Skinner,  Richard,  a  Representative  from  Ver- 
mont; born  in  Litchfield,  Conn.,  May  30,  1778; 
completed  preparatory  studies,  and  was  gradu- 
ated from  the  Litchfield  law  school,  was  admitted 
to  the  bar,  and  began  practice  in  Manchester, 
Yt,  in  1800;  state  attorney  for  Bennington 
county  in  1801;  judge  of  probate  1806-1812; 
elected  to  the  Thirteenth  Congress  (March  4, 
1813-March  3,  1815)  ;  associate  justice  of  the 
state  supreme  court  in  1815,  and  declined  the 
office  of  chief  justice  in  1816;  member  of  the 
state  house  of  representatives  and  speaker  in 
1818;  governor  of  Vermont  1820-1823:  chief 
justice  of  the  supreme  court  of  Vermont 
1824-1829;  died  in  Manchester,  Vt,  May  23, 
1833. 

Skinner,  Thomas  Gregory,  a  Representative 
from  North  Carolina ;  born  in  Perquimans 
county,  N.  C.,  January  21,  1842;  attended  the 
University  of  North  Carolina ;  studied  law  and 
was  admitted  to  the  bar  of  the  supreme  court 
of  North  Carolina  January,  1868 ;  enlisted  for  the 
Civil  war  and  attained  the  rank  of  lieutenant ; 
elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Forty-eighth  Con- 
gress November  20,  1883,  to  fill  vacancy  caused 
by  the  death  of  Walter  R.  Pool ;  reelected  to  the 
Forty-ninth  Congress,  and  served  from  December 
19,  1883,  to  March  3,  1887 ;  again  elected  to  the 
Fifty-first  Congress  (March  4,  1889-March  3, 
1891)  ;  resumed  the  practice  of  law  in  Hertford, 
N.  C.,  and  died  there  December  22,  1907. 

Skinner,  Thomson  Joseph,  a  Representative 
from  Massachusetts;  born  in  Colchester,  Conn., 
in  1752 ;  completed  preparatory  studies ;  member 
of  the  Massachusetts  house  of  representatives, 
and  served  in  the  state  senate;  presidential 
elector  in  1792 ;  delegate  in  the  state  convention 
of  1788;  state  treasurer  1806-1807;  elected  as  a 
Democrat  to  the  Fourth  Congress,  to  fill  vacancy 
caused  by  the  resignation  of  Theodore  Sedgwick ; 
reelected  to  the  Fifth  Congress  and  served  from 
January  27, 1797,  to  March  3,  1799 ;  again  elected 
to  the  Eighth  Congress  and  served  from  March 
4,  1803,  until  August  10,  1804,  when  he  resigned ; 
died  in  Boston,  Mass.,  January  29,  1809. 

Slade,  Charles,  a  Representative  from  Illi- 
nois; attended  the  public  schools;  held  several 
local  offices;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the 
Twenty-third  Congress,  and  served  from  Decem- 
ber 2,  1833,  until  his  death  in  Knox  county,  Ind., 
July  26,  1834. 

Slade,  William,  a  Representative  from  Ver- 
mont; born  in  Cornwall,  Vt.,  May  9,  1786;  was 
graduated  from  Middlebury  college  in  1807; 
studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1810, 
and  began  practice  in  Middlebury  in  1810;  en- 
gaged in  editorial  work ;  presidential  elector  on 
the  Madison  ticket  in  1812;  established  the 
Columbian  Patriot,  which  he  edited  1814-1816; 
secretary  of  state  of  Vermont  1815-1823;  judge 
of  the  Addison  county  court;  clerk  in  the  state 
department,  Washington,  D.  C.,  1823-1829; 
elected  as  a  Whig  to  the  Twenty-second,  and  to 
the  five  succeeding  Congresses  (March  4,  1831- 


BIOGKAPHIES. 


1001 


March  3,  1843)  ;  reporter  of  decisions  of  the 
state  supreme  court  1843-1844 ;  governor  of  Ver- 
mont 1845-1846:  died  in  Middlebury,  Vt,  Janu- 
ary 18,  1859. 

Slater,  James  Harvey,  a  Representative  and  a 
Senator  from  Oregon ;  born  in  Sangamon  county, 
111.,  December  28,  1826;  attended  the  common 
schools;  went  to  California  in  1849;  settled 
in  Oregon  in  1850 ;  studied  law  and  was  admitted 
to  the  bar  in  1854 ;  clerk  of  the  district  court  of 
the  Territory  of  Oregon  for  Benton  county  1853- 
1856 ;  member  of  the  territorial  assembly  1857- 
1858;  member  of  the  legislative  assembly  of 
Oregon;  district  attorney  for  the  fifth  judicial 
district  in  1886 ;  presidential  elector  on  the  Sey- 
mour ticket  in  1868 ;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to 
the  Forty-second  Congress  (March  4,  1871-March 
3,  1873)  ;  elected  to  the  United  States  Senate, 
and  served  from  March  4,  1879,  until  March  3, 
1885 ;  resumed  the  practice  of  law ;  appointed 
one  of  the  railroad  commissioners  of  Oregon  in 
1889,  and  served  two  years;  died  in  La  Grande, 
Oreg.,  January  28,  1899. 

Slayden,  James  Luther,  a  Representative 
from  Texas;  born  in  Graves  county,  Ky.,  June  1, 
1853;  attended  the  country  schools  and  Wash- 
ington and  Lee  university,  Virginia ;  cotton  mer- 
chant; member  of  the  state  house  of  represent- 
atives in  1892 ;  declined  a  renomination ;  en- 
gaged in  farming  and  mining;  elected  as  a 
Democrat  to  the  Fifty-fifth,  and  to  the  six  suc- 
ceeding Congresses  (March  4,  1897-March  3, 
1911).  Rcelected  to  the  Sixty-second  Congress. 

Slaymaker,  Amos,  a  Representative  from 
Pennsylvania ;  born  in  London  Lands,  Pa., 
March  11,  1755;  received  a  limited  schooling; 
served  in  the  Revolutionary  army ;  farmer ; 
elected  to  the  Thirteenth  Congress,  to  fill  vacancy 
caused  by  the  resignation  of  James  Whitehill, 
and  served  from  December  12,  1814,  to  March 
3,  1815 ;  died  in  Salisbury,  Pa.,  June  12,  1837. 

Siemens,  William.  Ferguson,  a  Representative 
from  Arkansas ;  born  in  Weakley  county,  Tenn., 
March  15,  1830;  attended  Bethel  college;  moved 
to  Arkansas  in  1852 ;  studied  law,  was  admitted 
to  the  bar  in  1855,  and  practiced;  member  of 
the  Arkansas  state  convention  of  1861;  entered 
the  Confederate  army  in  July,  1861,  and  served 
through  the  Civil  war;  resumed  the  practice  of 
law ;  elected  district  attorney  in  1866,  and  legis- 
lated out  of  office  in  1868;  elected  as  a  Democrat 
to  the  Forty-fourth,  Forty-fifth,  and  Forty-sixth 
Congresses  (March  4,  1875-March  3,  1881)  ;  re- 
sumed the  practice  of  law  in  Monticello,  Ark., 
and  a  justice  of  the  peace. 

Slemp,  Campbell,  a  Representative  from  Vir- 
ginia ;  born  in  Lee  county,  Va.,  December  2, 
1839;  engaged  in  farming  and  real  estate  busi- 
ness ;  attended  Emory  and  Henry  college,  Vir- 
ginia ;  served  in  the  Confederate  army  as  cap- 
tain and  lieutenant  colonel  in  the  twenty-first 
Virginia  battalion,  and  colonel  of  the  sixty- 
fourth  regiment,  composed  of  infantry  and  cav- 
alry ;  elected  to  the  house  of  delegates  in  1879 
and  1881 ;  defeated  in  1883 ;  unsuccessful  candi- 
date for  lieutenant  governor  in  1889;  presiden- 
tial elector  on  the  Harrison  ticket  in  1888,  and 
on  the  McKinley  ticket,  in  1896 ;  elected  as  a 
Republican  to  the  Fifty-eighth,  Fifty-ninth,  and 
Sixtieth  Congresses,  and  served  from  March  4, 
1903,  until  his  death  in  Big  Stone  Gap,  Va., 
October  13,  1907. 


Slemp,  Campbell  Bascom,  a  Representative 
from  Virginia ;  born  in  Lee  county,  Va.,  Sep- 
tember 4,  1870 ;  page  in  the  house  of  representa- 
tives of  Virginia  1881-1882 ;  was  graduated  from 
the  Virginia  military  institute;  commandant  of 
cadets  in  the  Marion  military  institute  for  one 
year ;  adjunct  professor  of  mathematics,  Virginia 
military  institute;  resigned  in  1901,  to  enter 
professional  and  business  life;  chairman  of  the 
Republican  state  committee  in  1905 ;  elected  as  a 
Republican  to  the  Sixtieth  Congress,  December 
17,  1907,  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  the  death  of 
his  father,  Campbell  Slemp;  reelected  to  the 
Sixty-first  Congress,  and  served  from  January  6, 
1908,  to  March  3,  1911.  Reelected  to  the  Sixty- 
second  Congress. 

Slidell,  John,  a  Representative  and  Senator 
from  Louisiana ;  born  in  New  York  City  in  1793 ; 
was  graduated  from  Columbia  college  in  1810; 
studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  began 
practice  in  New  Orleans;  unsuccessful  candi- 
date for  the  Twenty-first  Congress;  United 
States  district  attorney  1829-1833;  elected  as  a 
state  rights  Democrat  to  the  Twenty-eighth 
and  Twenty-ninth  Congresses,  and  served  from 
March  4,  1843,  until  his  resignation,  November 
10,  1845;  appointed  minister  to  Mexico,  but 
that  Government  refused  to  accept  him ;  elected 
to  the  United  States  Senate,  to  fill  vacancy 
caused  by  the  resignation  of  Pierre  Soule;  re- 
elected,  and  served  from  December  5,  1853,  un- 
til his  retirement,  January  28,  1861;  arrested 
in  Habana  on  the  English  mail  steamer  Trent 
while  on  his  way  to  England  and  brought  to  the 
United  States  and  confined  in  Fort  Warren ; 
released,  and  sailed  for  England  January  1, 
1862;  died  in  Cawes,  Isle  of  Wight,  England, 
July  29,  1871. 

Slingerland,  John  I.,  a  Representative  from 
New  York ;  born  in  Jerusalem,  Albany  county, 
N.  Y.,  March  1,  1804;  attended  the  public 
schools ;  farmer ;  member  of  the  state  house  of 
representatives  in  1843;  elected  as  a  Whig  to 
the  Thirtieth  Congress  (March  4,  1847-March 
3,  1849)  ;  died  in  Slingerlands,  N.  Y.,  October 
26,  1861. 

Sloan,  Andrew  Scott,  a  Representative  from 
Wisconsin ;  born  in  Morrisville,  N.  Y.,  June  12, 
1820;  attended  the  public  schools,  and  the  Mor- 
risville academy ;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to 
the  bar  in  1842,  and  began  practice  in  Morris- 
ville, N.  Y. ;  clerk  of  Madison  county  court  in 
1847 ;  moved  in  1854  to  Wisconsin  and  located 
in  Beaver  Dam ;  member  of  the  state  house  of 
representatives  in  1858;  appointed  judge  of  the 
circuit  court  for  the  third  district  in  1858 ; 
elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Thirty-seventh 
Congress  (March  4,  1861-March  3,  1863)  ;  judge 
of  Dodge  county  court  in  1868 ;  attorney  general 
of  Wisconsin  in  1873 ;  judge  of  the  circuit  court 
for  the  thirteenth  district  in  1881 ;  died  in  1895. 

Sloan,  Andrew,  a  Representative  from  Geor- 
gia ;  born  in  McDonough,  Ga.,  June  10,  1845 ; 
pursued  classical  studies ;  studied  law,  was  ad- 
mitted to  the  bar,  and  began  practice  in  1866; 
moved  to  Savannah,  Ga. ;  deputy  collector  of 
customs ;  resumed  the  practice  of  law ;  success- 
fully contested  the  election  of  Morgan  Rawls  to 
the  Forty-third  Congress,  and  served  from 
March  24,  1874,  to  March  3,  1875;  died  in  Silver 
City,  N.  Mex.,  September  22,  1883. 


1002 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 


Sloan,  Ithamar  Conkey,  a  Representative 
from  Wisconsin ;  born  in  Morrisville,  Madison 
county,  N.  Y.,  May  9,  1822 ;  attended  the  public 
schools;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar, 
and  began  practice  in  Janesville,  Wis.,  in  1854 ; 
district  attorney  of  Rock  county,  Wis.,  1858- 
1862;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Thirty- 
eighth  and  Thirty-ninth  Congresses  (March  4, 
1863-March  3,  1867)  ;  special  counsel  for  the 
state  of  Massachusetts,  1874-1879,  in  the 
Granger  law  cases;  died  in  Janesville,  Rock 
county,  Wis.,  December  24,  1898. 

Sloan,  James,  a  Representative  from  New 
Jersey ;  native  of  that  state ;  held  several 
local  offices;  elected  to  the  Eighth,  Ninth,  and 
Tenth  Congresses  (March  4,  1803-March  3, 
1809)  ;  died  in  Gloucester  county,  N.  J.,  Novem- 
ber, 1811. 

Sloane,  John,  a  Representative  from  Ohio; 
born  in  York,  Pa.,  in  1779 ;  moved  to  Ohio ;  com- 
pleted preparatory  studies ;  member  of  the  state 
house  of  representatives  1804-1806;  United 
States  receiver  of  public  moneys  in  Canton, 
Ohio,  1808-1816,  and  in  Wooster,  1816-1819; 
colonel  of  militia  in  the  War  of  1812 ;  elected  to 
the  Sixteenth,  and  to  the  four  succeeding  Con- 
gresses (March  4,  1819-March  3,  1829)  ;  clerk  of 
the  court  of  common  pleas  for  seven  years ;  sec- 
retary of  state  of  Ohio  three  years;  United 
States  Treasurer  1850-1853;  died  in  Wooster, 
Ohio,  May  15,  1856. 

Sloane,  Jonathan,  a  Representative  from 
Ohio ;  native  of  Massachusetts ;  was  graduated 
from  Williams  college  in  1812 ;  moved  to  Ohio ; 
member  of  state  house  of  representatives; 
elected  as  a  Whig  to  the  Twenty-third  and 
Twenty-fourth  Congresses  (March  4,  1833-March 

3,  1837). 

Slocum,  Henry  Warner,  a  Representative 
from  New  York ;  born  in  Delphi,  N.  Y.,  Septem- 
ber 24,  1827 ;  was  graduated  from  West  Point 
and  became  second  lieutenant,  first  artillery, 
July  1,  1852 ;  served  in  the  Seminole  war  and 
promoted  to  first  lieutenant  March  3,  1855 ;  re- 
signed his  commission  October  31,  1856 ;  settled 
in  Syracuse,  N.  Y. ;  studied  law  while  in  the 
army,  was  admitted  to  the  bar>  and  practiced  in 
Syracuse,  N.  Y. ;  elected  to  the  state  legislature 
in  1859 ;  entered  the  Union  army  as  colonel  of 
the  twenty-seventh  New  York  volunteers  in  May, 
1861 ;  wounded  at  the  first  battle  of  Bull  Run ; 
promoted  to  brigadier  general  of  volunteers 
August  9,  1861 ;  major  general  of  volunteers 
July  4,  1862 ;  resigned  his  commission  September 
28,  1865;  returned  to  Brooklyn,  N.  Y.,  and  prac- 
ticed law ;  unsuccessful  Democratic  candidate 
for  secretary  of  state  of  New  York ;  presidential 
elector  in  1868;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the 
Forty-first  and  Forty-second  Congresses  (March 

4,  1869-March  3,  1873)  ;  elected  a  Representa- 
tive at  large  from  New  York  to  the  Forty-eighth 
Congress  (March  4,  1883-March  3,  1885)  ;  died 
in  Brooklyn,  N.  Y.,  April  14,  1894. 

Slocumb,  Jesse,  a  Representative  from  North 
Carolina;  born  in  Spring  Bank,  Dobbs  (now 
Wayne)  county,  N.  C.,  in  1774;  completed  pre- 
paratory studies ;  engaged  in  farming ;  held  sev- 
eral local  offices;  member  of  the  court  of  pleas 
and  quarter  sessions;  register  of  deeds  1802- 
1808;  elected  as  a  Federalist  to  the  Fifteenth 
and  Sixteenth'  Congresses,  and  served  from 


March  4,  1817,  until  his  death  in  Washington, 
D.  C.,  December  20,  1820. 

Sloss,  Joseph  H.,  a  Representative  from  Ala- 
bama ;  born  in  Somerville,  Ala.,  October  12,  1826 ; 
completed  preparatory  studies;  studied  law,  was 
admitted  to  the  bar,  and  began  practice  in  Ed- 
wardsville,  111.,  in  1849;  member  of  the  legisla- 
ture 1858-1859;  returned  to  Alabama;  served 
in  the  Confederate  army ;  mayor  of  Tuscumbia, 
Ala. ;  elected  as  a  conservative  Democrat  to  the 
Forty-second  and  Forty-third  Congresses  (March 
4,  1871-March  3,  1875)  ;  unsuccessful  candidate 
for  the  Forty-fourth  Congress. 

Small,  John  Humphrey,  a  Representative 
from  North  Carolina ;  born  in  Washington,  N.  C., 
August  29,  1858;  attended  the  common  schools, 
and  Washington  and  Trinity  college,  N.  C. ; 
taught  school  1876-1880;  studied  law,  and  was 
admitted  to  the  bar  in  January,  1881;  superin- 
tendent of  public  instruction  of  Beaufort  county, 
N.  C.,  in  1881 ;  solicitor  of  the  inferior  court  of 
Beaufort  county  1882-1885 ;  editor  of  the  Wash- 
ington Gazette  1883-1886 ;  attorney  of  the  board 
of  commissioners  of  Beaufort  county  1888-1896; 
member  of  the  city  council  from  May,  1887,  to 
May,  1890 ;  mayor  of  Washington,  N.  C. ;  Demo- 
cratic presidential  elector  in  1896;  elected  as  a 
Democrat  to  the  Fifty-sixth,  and  to  the  five  suc- 
ceeding Congresses  (March  4,  1899-March  3, 
1911.  Reelected  to  the  Sixty-second  Congress. 

Small,  William  Bradbury,  a  Representative 
from  New  Hampshire ;  born  in  Limington,  Me., 
May  17, 1817  ;  moved  with  his  parents  to  Ossipee, 
N.  H. ;  attended  the  public  schools  and  Philips 
Exeter  academy,  Exeter,  N.  H. ;  studied  law, 
was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1846,  and  began  prac- 
tice in  Newmarket,  N.  H. ;  solicitor  of  Rocking- 
ham  county,  N.  H. ;  member  of  the  state  house 
of  representatives,  and  of  the  state  senate  in 
1870 ;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Forty-third 
Congress  (March  4,  1873-March  3,  1875)  ;  died 
in  Newmarket,  N.  H.,  April  7,  1878. 

Smalls,  Robert,  a  Representative  from  South 
Carolina ;  born  in  Beaufort,  S.  C.,  April  5,  1839 ; 
moved  to  Charleston,  S.  C.,  in  1851 ;  appointed 
pilot  in  the  United  States  Navy,  and  served  in 
that  capacity  on  the  monitor  Kcokuk  in  the 
attack  on  Fort  Sumter;  served  as  pilot  in  the 
Quartermaster's  Department;  promoted  as  cap- 
tain for  gallant  and  meritorious  conduct  Decem- 
ber 1,  1863,  and  placed  in  command  of  the 
Planter,  and  served  until  she  was  put  out  of  com- 
mission in  1866 ;  member  of  the  state  constitu- 
tional convention  of  1868 ;  member  of  the  state 
house  of  representatives  in  1868 ;  elected  to  the 
state  senate,  to  fill  a  vacancy  in  1870,  and  re- 
elected  in  1872 ;  an  active  member  and  officer  in 
the  state  militia ;  delegate  in  the  Republican 
national  conventions  in  Philadelphia  in  1872, 
and  in  Cincinnati  in  1876 ;  elected  as  a  Repub- 
lican to  the  Forty-fourth  and  Forty-fifth  Con- 
gresses (March  4,  1875-March  3,  1879)  ;  defeated 
for  the  Forty-sixth  Congress;  successfully  con- 
tested the  election  of  George  D.  Tillman  to  the 
Forty-seventh  Congress,  and  served  from  July 
19,  1882,  to  March  4,  1883;  reelected  to  the 
Forty-eighth  Congress,  to  fill  the  vacancy  caused 
by  the  death  of  Edmund  W.  M.  Mackey ;  re- 
elected  to  the  Forty-ninth  Congress,  and  served 
from  March  31,  1884,  to  March  3,  1887)  ;  ap- 
pointed collector  of  the  port  of  Beaufort,  S.  C. 


BIOGRAPHIES. 


1003 


Smart,  Ephraim  Knight,  a  Representative 
from  Maine;  born  in  Prospect,  Mass,  (now  Sears- 
port,  Me.),  September  3,  1813;  completed  pre- 
paratory studies;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to 
the  bar,  and  began  practice  in  Camden,  Me. ; 
postmaster  of  Camden  in  1838;  member  of  the 
state  senate  1841  and  1842;  moved  in  1843  to 
Missouri ;  returned  to  Camden  in  1845 ;  again 
served  one  term  as  postmaster  of  Camden ; 
elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Thirtieth  Congress 
(March  4,  1847-March  3,  1849)  ;  reelected  to  the 
Thirty-second  Congress  (March  4,  1851-March 

3,  1853)  ;  collector  of  customs  at  Belfast  1853- 
1858 ;  again  a  member  of  the  state  house  of  rep- 
resentatives 1858,  and  of  the  senate  1862 ;  moved 
to  Biddeford,  Me.,  in  1869,  and  established  the 
Maine  Democrat;  died  in  Camden,  Me.,  Septem- 
ber 29,  1872. 

Smart,  James  Stevenson,  a  Representative 
from  New  York;  born  in  Baltimore,  Md.,  June 
14,  1842 ;  moved  with  his  parents  to  Coila,  Wash- 
ington county,  N.  Y.,  in  1849 ;  attended  Cam- 
bridge academy,  Union  college,  and  was  gradu- 
ated from  Jefferson  college,  Pennsylvania,  in 
1863 ;  served  in  the  Union  army  1861-1865,  and 
attained  the  rank  of  captain ;  engaged  in  news- 
paper work ;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the 
Forty-third  Congress  (March  4,  1873-March  3, 
1875)  ;  collector  of  internal  revenue  for  the 
northern  district  of  New  York;  member  of  the 
Republican  state  central  committee  for  many 
years;  died  in  Cambridge,  N.  Y.,  September  17, 
1903. 

Smelt,  Dennis,  a  Representative  from  Georgia ; 
native  of  that  State;  received  a  limited  school- 
ing; participated  in  the  Revolutionary  war; 
elected  to  the  Ninth  Congress,  to  fill  vacancy 
caused  by  the  resignation  of  Joseph  Bryan ;  re- 
elected  to  the  Tenth  and  Eleventh  Congresses, 
and  served  from  December  26,  1806,  to  March  3, 
1811. 

Smilie,  John,  a  Representative  from  Pennsyl- 
vania ;  born  in  Ireland  in  1741 ;  emigrated  to 
Pennsylvania  in  1760 ;  attended  the  common 
schools ;  soldier  in  the  Revolutionary  war ; 
member  of  the  state  house  of  representatives ; 
moved  to  Fayette,  Pa.,  in  1780;  member  of  the 
constitutional  convention  of  1790;  served  in  the 
state  senate;  presidential  elector  in  1796;  elected 
to  the  Third  Congress  (March  4,  1793-March  3, 
1795);  presidential  elector  in  1797;  elected  to 
the  Sixth,  and  to  the  six  succeeding  Congresses, 
and  served  from  March  4,  1799,  until  his  death 
in  Washington,  D.  C.,  December  29,  1812. 

Smith,  Abraham  Herr,  a  Representative  from 
Pennsylvania ;  born  in  Manor  township,  Lan- 
caster county,  March  7,  1815;  was  graduated 
from  Dickinson  college  in  1840;  studied  law  in 
Lancaster,  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1842,  and 
practiced ;  member  of  the  state  house  of  repre- 
sentatives 1843-1844 ;  served  in  the  state  senate 
in  1845;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Forty- 
third,  and  the  five  succeeding  Congresses  (March 

4,  1873-March  3,  1885)  ;  died  in  Lancaster,  Pa., 
February  16,  1894. 

Smith,  Albert,  a  Representative  from  Maine; 
born  in  Hanover,  Mass.,  January  3,  1793 ;  was 
graduated  from  Brown  university  in  1813; 
studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  began 
practice  in  Portland,  Me.,  in  1817 ;  member  of 
the  state  house  of  representatives  in  1820; 
United  States  marshal  for  the  district  of  Maine 


1830-1838 ;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Twenty- 
sixth  Congress  (March  4,  1839-March  3,  1841)  ; 
unsuccessful  candidate  for  reelection ;  died  in 
Boston,  Mass.,  May  29,  1867. 

Smith,  Albert,  a  Representative  from  New 
York ;  born  in  Cooperstown,  N.  Y.,  June  22,  1805 ; 
completed  preparatory  studies;  moved  to  Ba- 
tavia,  N.  Y. ;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the 
bar,  and  practiced ;  held  several  local  offices ; 
member  of  the  state  assembly  in  1840;  elected 
as  a  Republican  to  the  Twenty-eighth  and 
Twenty-ninth  Congresses  (March  4,  1843-March 
3,  1847)  ;  moved  to  Milwaukee,  Wis.,  in  1850, 
and  practiced  law ;  justice  of  the  peace  1851- 
1859 ;  judge  of  the  county  court  1859-1870 ;  died 
in  Milwaukee,  Wis.,  August  27,  1870. 

Smith,  Arthur,  a  Representative  from  Vir- 
ginia ;  born  in  Isle  of  Wight  county,  Va.,  No- 
vember 15,  1785;  was  graduated  from  William 
and  Mary  college;  studied  law,  but  did  not 
practice ;  served  in  the  war  of  1812 ;  member  of 
the  state  house  of  representatives;  elected  to 
the  Seventeenth  and  Eighteenth  Congresses 
(March  4,  1821-March  3,  1825)  ;  died  in  Smith- 
field,  Va.,  March  30,  1853. 

Smith,  Ballard,  a  Representative  from  Vir- 
ginia to  the  Fourteenth,  Fifteenth,  and  Six- 
teenth Congresses  (March  4,  1815-March  3, 
1821). 

Smith,  Bernard,  a  Representative  from  New 
Jersey ;  born  in  Norristown,  N.  J.,  in  1776 ; 
completed  preparatory  studies;  held  several 
local  offices ;  postmaster  of  New  Brunswick ; 
elected  to  the  Sixteenth  Congress  (March  4, 
1819-March  3,  1821)  ;  appointed  register  of  the 
land  office  at  Little  Rock;  died  in  Little  Rock, 
Ark.,  July  16,  1835. 

Smith,  Caleb  Blood,  a  Representative  from 
Indiana ;  born  in  Boston,  Mass.,  April  16.  1808 ; 
moved  with  his  parents  to  Ohio  in  1814 ;  was 
graduated  from  the  Miami  university ;  studied 
law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  began  practice 
in  Connersville,  Ind. ;  founded  and  edited  the 
Indiana  Sentinel  in  1832 ;  member  of  the  state 
house  of  representatives  1833-1836,  and  served 
as  speaker  in  1836;  elected  to  the  Twenty- 
eighth,  Twenty-ninth,  and  Thirtieth  Congresses 
(March  4,  1843-March  3,  1849)  ;  presidential 
elector  in  1840 ;  moved  to  Cincinnati,  Ohio,  and 
practiced  law ;  presidential  elector  on  the  Fre- 
mont ticket  in  1856 ;  president  of  the  Republican 
national  convention  of  1860;  Secretary  of  the 
Interior  under  President  Lincoln  March  5,  1861, 
to  January  1,  1863;  resigned  to  become  judge  for 
the  district  of  Indiana ;  died  in  Indianapolis, 
Ind.,  January  7,  1864. 

Smith,  Charles  Brooks,  a  Delegate  from  West 
Virginia ;  born  in  Wood  county,  Va.  ( now  West 
Virginia),  February  24,  1844;  attended  the  com- 
mon schools ;  enlisted  in  the  Union  army,  and 
mustered  out  in  1865;  twice  elected  mayor  of 
the  city  of  Parkersburg,  W.  Va. ;  elected  sheriff 
and  treasurer  of  the  county  of  Wood  1880-1884 ; 
delegate  at  large  in  the  Republican  national  con- 
vention in  Chicago  in  1888;  elected  as  a  Re- 
publican to  the  Fifty-first  Congress  (March  4, 
1889-March  3,  1891)  ;  died  in  Parkersburg, 
W.  Va.,  December  7,  1899. 

Smith,  Daniel,  a  Senator  from  Tennessee; 
born  in  Stafford  county,  Va.,  October  28,  1748; 
attended  William  and  Mary  College ;  surveyor ; 


1004 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIEECTOEY. 


moved  to  Augusta  county,  Va. ;  deputy  surveyor 
of  Augusta  county,  in  1773;  justice  of  peace 
1776;  major  of  the  Washington  militia;  high 
sheriff  of  the  county  in  1780;  commissioned 
colonel  in  the  second  battalion  and  fought  in 
several  battles  of  the  Revolution;  moved  to 
Sumner  county,  Tenn.,  at  the  close  of  the  war; 
appointed  by  President  Washington  secretary  of 
the  territory  south  of  the  Ohio  River  January 
7,  1790;  presidential  elector;  member  of  the 
constitutional  convention  of  1796 ;  made  the  first 
map  of  Tennessee;  general  of  militia;  appointed 
to  the  United  States  Senate,  to  fill  vacancy 
caused  by  the  resignation  of  Andrew  Jackson, 
and  served  from  October  6,  1798,  to  March  3, 
1799;  elected  to  the  United  States  Senate,  and 
served  from  December  2,  1805,  to  March  31; 
1809,  when  he  resigned;  died  in  Rock  Castle, 
Sumner  county,  Tenn.,  June  6,  1818. 

Smith,  David  Highbaugh,  a  Representative 
from  Kentucky ;  born  in  Hart  county,  near  Ham- 
monville,  Ky.,  December  19,  1854;  attended  the 
public  schools  and  the  colleges  at  Horse  Cave, 
Leitchfield,  and  Hartford,  in  Kentucky;  studied 
law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  practiced; 
county  attorney  for  Larue  county  1878-1881; 
superintendent  of  common  schools  for  Larue 
county  1878 ;  elected  to  the  state  house  of  repre- 
sentatives in  1881;  member  of  the  state  senate 
1885-1893,  and  served  as  president  pro  tempore 
1891-1893;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Fifty- 
fifth,  and  to  the  four  succeeding  Congresses 
(March  4,  1897-March  3,  1907). 

Smith,  Delazon,  a  Senator  from  Oregon ;  born 
in  Berlin,  N.  Y.,  in  1816;  was  graduated  from 
Oberlin  college,  Ohio,  in  1837;  studied  law  and 
was  admitted  to  the  bar ;  edited  the  True  Jeffer- 
sonian  in  Rochester,  N.  Y.,  and  the  Western 
Empire  in  Dayton,  Ohio ;  special  United  States 
commissioner  to  Quito,  Ecuador,  1842-1845; 
moved  to  the  Territory  of  Iowa  in  1846  and  en- 
tered the  ministry;  moved  to  the  Territory  of 
Oregon  in  1852,  where  he  edited  the  Oregon 
Democrat;  member  of  the  territorial  house  of 
representatives  1854-1856;  delegate  in  the  state 
constitutional  convention  of  1857 ;  elected  to  the 
United  States  Senate,  and  served  from  February 
14,  1859,  to  March  3,  1859;  died  in  Portland, 
Oreg.,  November  19,  1860. 

Smith,  Dietrich.  Conrad,  a  Represenative 
from  Illinois;  born  in  Ostfriesland,  Hanover, 
April  4,  1840;  emigrated  to  the  United  States 
and  resided  in  Pekin,  111.,  after  1849;  entered 
the  Union  army  in  1861 ;  lieutenant  of  company 
I,  eighth  Illinois  volunteer  infantry;  left  the 
service  as  captain  of  company  C,  one  hundred 
and  thirty-ninth  Illinois  volunteer  infantry; 
member  of  the  general  assembly  of  Illinois ; 
for  many  years  a  banker  and  manufacturer,  and 
also  engaged  in  the  construction  and  manage- 
ment of  railroads  in  Illinois;  elected  as  a  Re- 
publican to  the  Forty-seventh  Congress  (March 
4,  1881-March  3,  1883)  ;  reengaged  in  banking; 
retired,  and  a  resident  of  Pekin,  111. 

Smith,  Ellison  DuRant,  a  Senator  from  South 
Carolina;  born  in  Lynchburg,  Sumter  (now  Lee) 
county,  S.  C.,  August  1,  1866;  attended  the  pri- 
vate and  public  schools  of  Lynchburg,  Stewart's 
school,  Charleston,  S.  C.,  the  University  of  South 
Carolina,  and  was  graduated  from  Wofford  col- 
lege, Spartanburg,  in  1889;  member  of  the  State 
legislature  1896-1900;  merchant  and  planter; 


field  agent  and  general  organizer  in  the  cotton 
protective  movement  for  three  years,  his  terri- 
tory covering  the  entire  South ;  elected  as  a 
Democrat  to  the  United  States  Senate  March  4, 
1909  for  the  term  expiring  March  3,  1915. 

Smith,  Edward  Henry,  a  Representative  from 
New  York;  born  in  Smithtown,  Long  Island,  in 
1809 ;  attended  the  public  schools ;  farmer ;  held 
several  local  offices;  elected  as  a  Fusion  candi- 
date to  the  Thirty-seventh  Congress  (March  4, 
1861-March  3,  1863). 

Smith,  Francis  Orman  Jefferson,  a  Repre- 
sentative from  Maine ;  born  in  Brentwood,  N.  H., 
November  23,  1806 ;  received  a  limited  schooling ; 
studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  began 
practice  in  Portland,  Me.,  member  of  the  state 
house  of  representatives  in  1831 ;  served  in  the 
state  senate  in  1833,  and  its  president ;  elected 
as  a  Democrat  to  the  Twenty-third,  Twenty- 
fourth,  and  Twenty-fifth  Congresses  (March  4, 
1833-March  3,  1839)  ;  unsuccessful  candidate  for 
reelection  to  the  Twenty-sixth  Congress;  as- 
sisted Professor  Morse  in  perfecting  and  intro- 
ducing the  electric  telegraph ;  died  in  Deering, 
Me.,  October  14,  1876. 

Smith,  George,  a  Representative  from  Penn- 
sylvania ;  elected  to  the  Eleventh  and  Twelfth 
Congresses  (March  4,  1809-March  3,  1813). 

Smith,  George  Joseph,  a  Representative  from 
Pennsylvania ;  born  in  Kingston,  Ulster  county, 
N.  Y.,  November  7,  1859;  attended  the  public 
schools  in  Kingston ;  engaged  in  the  banking 
and  manufacturing  business  in  1879 ;  chairman 
of  the  Republican  county  committee  of  Ulster 
county ;  delegate  in  the  Republican  national  con- 
vention in  Philadelphia  in  1900;  elected  as  a 
Republican  to  the  Fifty-eighth  Congress  (March 
4,  1903-March  3,  1905)  ;  engaged  in  the  real 
estate  business  in  New  York  City. 

Smith,  George  L.,  a  Representative  from 
Louisiana ;  born  in  Hillsboro  county,  N.  H.,  De- 
cember 11,  1840;  completed  preparatory  studies; 
served  in  the  Union  army;  located  in  Louisiana 
and  engaged  in  mercantile  pursuits ;  held  several 
local  offices;  engaged  in  newspaper  work  ;  elected 
as  a  Democrat  to  the  Forty-third  Congress,  to 
fill  vacancy  caused  by  the  death  of  Samuel 
Peters,  and  served  from  December  3,  1873,  to 
March  3,  1875. 

Smith,  George  Washington,  a  Representative 
from  Illinois;  born  in  Putnam  county,  Ohio,  Au- 
gust 18,  1846;  moved  with  his  father  to  Wayne 
county,  111.,  in  1850;  learned  the  trade  of  black- 
smithing  ;  attended  the  common  schools,  and  was 
graduated  from  the  literary  department  of  Mc- 
Kendree  college  in  Lebanon,  111.,  in  1868 ;  studied 
law  in  Fairfield,  111. ;  was  graduated  from  the  law 
department  of  the  university  at  Bloomington,  Ind., 
in  1870,  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar;  Repub- 
lican presidential  elector  in  1880  on  the  Garfield 
and  Arthur  ticket ;  elected  as  a  Republican  to 
the  Fifty-first,  and  to  the  nine  succeeding  Con- 
gresses, and  served  from  March  4,  1889,  until 
his  death  in  Putnam,  Wayne  county,  Ohio,  No- 
vember 30,  1907. 

Smith,  Gerrit,  a  Representative  from  New 
York ;  born  in  Utica,  N.  Y.,  March  6,  1797 ;  was 
graduated  from  Hamilton  college  in  1818;  stud- 
ied law,  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1853; 
elected  as  an  Ultra-Abolitionist  to  the  Thirty- 
third  Congress,  and  served  from  March  4,  1853, 


BIOGRAPHIES. 


1005 


until  his  resignation  in  1854 ;  died  in  New  York 
City,  December  28,  1874. 

Smith,  Green  Clay,  a  Representative  from 
Kentucky ;  born  in  Richmond,  Ky.,  July  2,  1832 ; 
was  graduated  from  Transylvania  university 
in  1849;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar, 
and  began  practice  in  1852 ;  school  commissioner 
1853-1857 ;  served  in  the  Mexican  war ;  commis- 
sioned second  lieutenant  of  the  first  Kentucky 
infantry  June  9,  1846 ;  honorably  mustered  out 
June  8,  1847;  served  in  the  Union  army;  colonel 
of  the  fourth  Kentucky  cavalry  March  15,  1862 ; 
brigadier  general  of  volunteers  June  11,  1862 ; 
brevet  major  general  of  volunteers  March  13, 
1865,  "  for  meritorious  service  during  the  war  "  ; 
resigned  December  1,  1863 ;  elected  as  a  Union 
candidate  to  the  Thirty-eighth  and.  Thirty- 
ninth  Congresses,  and  served  from  March  4, 
1863,  until  his  resignation  in  1866;  governor 
of  Montana  1866-1869 ;  ordained  to  the  ministry 
of  the  Baptist  church  in  1869,  and  settled  in 
Frankfort,  Ky. ;  became  an  evangelist,  and  in 
1876  was  the  candidate  of  the  national  Prohibi- 
tion party  for  President  of  the  United  States; 
pastor  of  the  Metropolitan  Baptist  church  in 
Washington,  D.  C.,  from  1890  until  his  death, 
June  29,  1895. 

Smith,  Henry,  a  Representative  from  Wis- 
consin ;  born  in  Baltimore,  Md.,  July  22,  1838 ; 
moved  with  his  parents  to  Massillon,  Stark 
county,  Ohio ;  moved  to  Milwaukee  in  1844 ; 
attended  the  public  schools;  millwright;  mem- 
ber of  the  common  council  of  Milwaukee  1868- 
1872;  member  of  the  state  legislature  in  1878; 
again  a  member  of  the  common  council  1880- 
1882 ;  city  comptroller  1882-1884,  and  from  that 
date  a  member  of  the  common  council  until 
February  14,  1887 ;  elected  as  the  People's  Party 
candidate  to  the  Fiftieth  Congress  (March  4, 
1887-March  3,  1889)  ;  alderman  of  Milwaukee, 
Wis.,  for  fourteen  years. 

Smith,  Henry  Cassorte,  a  Representative 
from  Michigan ;  born  in  Canandaigua,  N.  Y., 
June  2,  1856;  moved  with  his  father  to  a  farm 
near  Palmyra,  Lenawee  county,  Mich.,  in  1857 ; 
attended  the  common  schools,  and  was  graduated 
from  Adrian  college  in  1878 ;  taught  school ; 
studied  law,  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar  Sep- 
tember 25,  1880,  and  began  practice  in  Adrian, 
Mich. ;  city  attorney  of  Adrian ;  alternate  dele- 
gate in  the  Republican  national  convention  in 
St.  Louis  in  1896 ;  elected  as  a  Republican  to 
the  Fifty-sixth  and  Fifty-seventh  Congresses 
(March  4,  1899-March  3,  1903)  ;  resumed  the 
practice  of  law  until  his  death  in  Adrian.  Mich., 
December  7,  1911. 

Smith,  Hezekiah  B.,  a  Representative  from 
New  Jersey ;  born  in  Bridgewater,  Vt.,  July  24, 
1816 ;  attended  the  common  schools,  and  learned 
the  trade  of  a  cabinetmaker ;  for  many  years  en- 
gaged in  perfecting  and  manufacturing  wood- 
working machinery ;  elected  as  a  Democrat  and 
Greenbacker  to  the  Forty-sixth  Congress  (March 
4,  1879-March  3,  1881)  ;  died  in  Smith ville,  N.  J., 
November  3,  1887. 

Smith,  Hiram  Yipsilanti,  a  Representative 
and  a  Senator  from  Ohio ;  born  in  Piqua,  Ohio, 
March  22, 1843 ;  pursued  an  academic  course,  and 
was  graduated  from  the  Albany  law  school  in 
1866;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  and  commenced 
practice  in  Des  Moines,  Iowa,  in  1866;  district 
attorney  of  the  fifth  judicial  district  of  Iowa 


1875-1879;  member  of  the  state  senate  1882- 
1884 ;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Forty- 
eighth  Congress,  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  the 
resignation  of  John  A.  Kasson,  and  served  from 
December  2,  1884,  to  March  3,  1885;  died  in  Des 
Moines,  Iowa,  November  4,  1894. 

Smith,  Horace  Boardman,  a  Representative 
from  New  York;  born  in  Whitingham,  Vt., 
August  18,  1826;  pursued  classical  studies,  and 
was  graduated  from  Williams  college,  Massachu- 
setts, in  1847;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the 
bar  ,and  began  practice  in  New  York;  held  sev- 
eral local  offices;  justice  superior  court  of  New 
York;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Forty- 
second  and  Forty-third  Congresses  (March  4, 
1871-March  3,  1875)  ;  after  retirement  from 
Congress  resumed  the  practice  of  law  in  Elmira, 
N.  Y.,  until  1883 ;  justice  of  the  supreme  court  of 
New  York  state  1883-1888;  died  in  .Elmira, 
N.  Y.,  December  28,  1888. 

Smith,  Isaac,  a  Representative  from  Pennsyl- 
vania ;  native  of  that  state ;  elected  as  a  Demo- 
crat to  the  Thirteenth  Congress  (March  4,  1813- 
March  3,  1815). 

Smith,  Isaac,  a  Representative  from  New 
Jersey;  born  in  Trenton,  N.  J.,  in  1736;  was 
graduated  from  Princeton  college  in  1755; 
tutor  in  Princeton  1755-1758;  studied  medicine 
and  practiced;  colonel  in  the  state  militia; 
(March  4,  1795-March  3,  1797)  ;  associate  jus- 
tice of  the  supreme  court  of  New  Jersey  1777- 
1804 ;  presidential  elector  in  1800 ;  first  president 
of  the  Trenton  banking  company;  died  in 
Trenton,  N.  J.,  August  29,  1807. 

Smith,  Israel,  a  Representative  from  Ver- 
mont; born  in  Suflield,  Conn.,  April  14,  1759; 
was  graduated  from  Yale  college  in  1781;  stud- 
ied law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  began 
practice  in  Rupert,  Vt. ;  member  of  the  state 
house  of  representatives  1785,  and  1788-1791; 
moved  to  Rutland,  Vt. ;  delegate  in  the  constitu- 
tional convention  of  1791 ;  elected  as  a  Democrat 
to  the  Second,  Third,  and  Fourth  Congresses 
(March  4,  1791-March  3,  1797)  ;  appointed  chief 
justice  of  the  supreme  court  in  1797 ;  elected  to 
the  Seventh  Congress  (March  4,  1801-March  3, 
1803)  ;  elected  to  the  United  States  Senate, 
and  served  from  March  4,  1803,  until  his  resig- 
nation October  1,  1807;  governor  of  Vermont 
1807-1808;  presidential  elector  1809;  died  in 
Rutland,  Vt.,  December  7,  1810. 

Smith,  James,  a  Delegate  from  Pennsylvania ; 
born  in  Ireland  in  1718;  came  to  the  United 
States  with  his  father  in  1727,  and  located  in 
Pennsylvania ;  attended  the  public  schools  and 
Philadelphia  academy;  surveyor  in  Cumberland 
county ;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar, 
and  began  practice  in  Shippingport ;  moved  to 
York,  Pa. ;  raised  a  company  for  the  purpose  of 
resisting  Great  Britain  in  1774 ;  delegate  in  the  , 
provisional  conference  in  Philadelphia ;  engaged 
in  the  manufacture  of  iron ;  delegate  in  the  state 
convention  of  January,  1775 ;  member  of  the 
Continental  Congress  1776-1778;  signer  of  the 
Declaration  of  Independence;  member  of  the 
state  house  of  representatives  in  1780 ;  brigadier 
general  of  state  militia ;  State  councillor ;  re- 
sumed the  practice  of  law  in  York,  Pa.,  until 
his  death,  July  11,  1806. 

Smith,  James,  jr.,  a  Senator  from  New  Jer- 
sey ;  born  in  Newark,  N.  J.,  June  12,  1851 ;  at- 


1006 


CONGRESSIONAL   DIRECTORY. 


tended  the  common  schools ;  member  of  the  city 
council  of  Newark;  declined  the  nomination  of 
mayor;  manufacturer  of  leather  in  Newark; 
elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  United  States  Sen- 
ate, and  served  from  March  4,  1893,  to  March  3, 
1899;  unsuccessful  candidate  in  the  primaries 
for  the  United  States  Senate  in  1912;  president 
of  the  Federal  trust  company  of  Newark,  N.  J. 

Smith,  James  S.,  a  Representative  from  North 
Carolina ;  native  of  Orange  county,  N.  C. ;  stud- 
ied medicine  and  practiced  in  Hillsboro,  N.  C. ; 
elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Fifteenth  and  Six- 
teenth Congresses  (March  4,  1817-March  3, 
1821). 

Smith,  Jedediah  Kilburn,  a  Representative 
from  New  Hampshire;  born  in  Amherst,  N.  H., 
November  7,  1770;  completed  preparatory 
studies;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar, 
and  practiced ;  representative  in  the  general  con- 
ventions of  1803  and  1804 ;  member  of  the  state 
senate  1804-1806  and  1809 ;  elected  to  the  Tenth 
Congress  (March  4,  1807-March  3,  1809)  ;  coun- 
cillor 1810-1815;  associate  justice  of  the  court 
of  common  pleas  1816-1821,  and  of  the  court  of 
sessions  1821-1823 ;  chief  justice  of  the  court  of 
sessions  1823-1825;  died  in  Amherst,  N.  H.,  De- 
cember 17,  1828. 

Smith,  Jeremiah,  a  Representative  from  New 
Hampshire;  born  in  Peterboro,  N.  H.,  November 
29,  1759;  pursued  classical  studies,  and  was 
graduated  from  Rutgers  college,  New  Jersey,  in 
1780 ;  served  in  the  Revolutionary  army ;  studied 
law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1786,  and  began 
practice  in  Peterboro,  N.  H. ;  district  attorney, 
1798-1801 ;  member  of  the  state  house  of  repre- 
sentatives 1788-1790;  member  of  the  constitu- 
tional convention  1791-1792;  elected  to  the  Sec- 
ond and  to  the  three  succeeding  Congresses,  and 
served  from  March  4,  1791,  until  his  resignation 
July  26,  1797;  United  States  district  attorney 
for  New  Hampshire  1798-1800;  chief  justice  of 
the  superior  court  of  New  Hampshire  1802-1809 ; 
presidential  elector  in  1809;  governor  of  New 
Hampshire  1809-1810 ;  again  chief  justice  of  the 
supreme  court  of  New  Hampshire  1813-1816 ; 
died  in  Dover,  N.  H.,  September  21,  1842. 

Smith,  J.  Hyatt,  a  Representative  from  New 
York;  born  in  Saratoga,  N.  Y.,  April  10,  1824; 
elected  as  an  Independent  candidate  to  the  Forty- 
seventh  Congress  (March  4,  1881-March  3, 
1883)  ;  died  in  Brooklyn,  N.  Y.,  December  7, 
1886. 

Smith.  John,  a  Representative  from  Vermont ; 
born  in  Barre,  Mass.,  August  12,  1789 ;  attended 
the  common  schools ;  moved  to  St.  Albans,  Vt. ; 
studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1810, 
and  began  practice ;  state  attorney  for  Franklin 
county  1826-1832;  served  nine  years  as  member 
of  the  general  assembly,  and  was  speaker  three 
terms;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Twenty- 
sixth  Congress  (March  4,  1839-March  3,  1841)  ; 
unsuccessful  candidate  for  reelection ;  became 
interested  in  the  construction  of  railroads ;  died 
in  St.  Albans,  Vt.,  November  26,  1858. 

Smith-,  John,  a  Senator  from  Ohio;  born  in 
Hamilton  county,  Ohio,  in  1735;  prepared  for 
the  ministry  and  was  pastor  of  the  first  Baptist 
church  in  Columbia,  Lorain  county,  Ohio,  in 
1790;  member  of  the  territorial  legislature  1799- 
1803 ;  elected  upon  the  admission  of  the  state  of 
Ohio  into  the  Union  as  a  Democrat  to  the  United 


States  Senate,  and  served  from  April  1,  1803, 
until  his  resignation,  April  25,  1808;  sent  by 
President  Jefferson  on  a  special  mission  to  Loui- 
siana in  1804,  and  was  charged  with  having  been 
connected  with  the  conspiracy  of  Burr  and  Blen- 
nerhassett,  and  a  motion  to  expel  him  from  the 
Senate  failed  by  one  vote;  died  in  Hamilton 
county,  Ohio,  June  10,  1816. 

Smith,  John,  a  Representative  and  a  Senator 
from  New  York ;  born  in  Brookhaven,  N.  Y., 
February  12,  1755 ;  completed  preparatory 
studies;  member  of  the  state  assembly  1784- 
1799 ;  delegate  in  the  convention  which  adopted 
the  Federal  constitution  in  1788 ;  elected  as  a 
Democrat  to  the  Sixth,  Seventh,  and  Eighth 
Congresses,  and  served  from  March  4,  1799,  until 
his  resignation  February  23,  1804 ;  elected  to  the 
United  States  Senate,  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by 
the  resignation  of  De  Witt  Clinton;  reelected, 
and  served  from  February  4,  1804,  to  March  3, 
1813;  United  States  marshal  for  the  district  of 
New  York  1813-1816 ;  died,  in  Brookhaven,  N.  Y., 
June  25,  1816. 

Smith,  John,  a  Representative  from  Virginia ; 
native  of  Virginia ;  elected  to  the  Seventh,  and 
to  the  six  succeeding  Congresses;  ( March  4, 1801- 
March  3,  1815;  died  in  Rockville,  Md.,  March, 
1836. 

Smith,  John  Armstrong,  a  Representative 
from  Ohio;  born  in  Hillsboro,  Ohio,  September 
23,  1814 ;  pursued  classical  studies,  and  was 
graduated  from  Miami  university  in  1834 ; 
studied  law,  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar ;  mem- 
ber of  the  state  legislature  1841-1842;  member 
of  the  state  constitutional  convention  of  Ohio  in 
1851 ;  elected  as  a  -  —  to  the  Forty-first 

and  Forty-second  Congresses  (March  4,  1869- 
March  3,  1873)  ;  resumed  the  practice  of  law; 
member  of  the  state  constitutional  convention  of 
1873 ;  died  in  Hillsboro,  Ohio,  March  7,  1892. 

Smith,  John  Ambler,  a  Representative  from 
Virginia;  born  in  Village  View,  Va.,  September 
23,  1847;  completed  preparatory  studies:  studied 
law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  began  practice 
in  Richmond,  Va.,  in  1867 ;  held  several  local 
offices ;  member  of  the  state  senate  in  1869 ; 
elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Forty-third  Con- 
gress (March  4,  1873-March  3,  1875)  ;  resumed 
the  practice  of  law  in  Washington,  D.  C.,  and 
died  there  January  6,  1892. 

Smith,  John  Cotton,  a  Representative  from 
Connecticut;  born  in  Sharon,  Conn.,  February 
12,  1765;  was  graduated  from  Yale  college  in 
1783;  studied  law.  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and 
began  practice  in  Sharon,  Conn. ;  member  of  the 
state  house  of  representatives  1793,  1796,  1800, 
and  served  the  last  year  as  speaker;  elected  as  a 
Federalist  to  the  Sixth  Congress,  to  fill  vacancy 
caused  by  the  resignation  of  Jonathan  Brace; 
reelected  to  the  Seventh,  Eighth,  and  Ninth 
Congresses,  and  served  from  November  17.  1800, 
until  his  resignation  in  August,  1806 :  judge  of 
the  supreme  court  of  Connecticut  in  1809 ;  lieu- 
tenant-governor of  Connecticut  in  1810 ;  governor 
1813-1818;  died  in  Sharon,  Conn.,  December  7, 
1845. 

Smith,  John  Quincy,  a  Representative  from 
Ohio ;  born  in  Warren  county,  Ohio,  November 
5,  1824;  attended  the  common  schools  and  Miami 
university;  farmer:  member  of  the  state  senate 
1860-1861,  and  1872-1873;  member  of  the  state 


BIOGKAPHIES. 


1007 


house  of  representatives  1862-1863;  elected  as  a 
Republican  to  the  Forty-third  Congress  (March 
4,  1873-March  3,  1875)  ;  United  States  Commis- 
sioner of  Indian  Affairs  1875-1877  ;  United  States 
consul-general  to  Montreal,  Canada,  1877-1882 ; 
died  in  Oakland,  Clinton  county,  Ohio,  December 

30,  1901. 

Smith,  John  Speed,  a  Representative  from 
Kentucky ;  born  in  Jessamine  county,  Ky.,  July 

31,  1792;  attended  the  common  schools;  served 
in  the  Indian  campaign  of  1813  under  General 
Harrison ;  member  of  the  state  house  of  repre- 
sentatives in  1819;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the 
Seventeenth  Congress  (March  4,  1821-March  3, 
1823)  ;  again  a  member  of  the  state  house  of 
representatives,  and  served  one  term  as  speaker ; 
United  States  attorney  for  the  district  of  Ken- 
tucky ;  died  in  Richmond,  Ky.,  June  6,  1854. 

Smith,  John  T.,  a  Representative  from  Penn- 
sylvania ;  born  in  Philadelphia,  Pa. ;  attended 
the  common  schools;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to 
the  Twenty-eighth  Congress  (March  4,  1343- 
March  3,  1845). 

Smith,  John  Walter,  a  Representative  and  a 
Senator  from  Maryland ;  born  in  Snow  Hill,  Md., 
February  5,  1845;  attended  private  schools  and 
Union  academy;  engaged  in  the  lumber  busi- 
ness in  Maryland,  Virginia,  and  North  Caro- 
lina; president  of  the  First  National  bank  of 
Snow  Hill  and  director  in  many  business  and 
financial  institutions;  elected  to  the  state  senate 
in  1889,  1893,  and  1897,  and  served  as  president 
of  the  senate  during  the  session  of  1894 ;  elected 
as  a  Democrat  to  the  Fifty-sixth  Congress,  and 
served  from  March  4,  1899,  until  his  resignation, 
January  12,  1900;  governor  of  Maryland  1900- 
1904;  delegate  at  large  in  the  Democratic  na- 
tional convention  in  Kansas  City  in  1900,  and 
in  the  St.  Louis  convention  of  1904;  elected  to 
the  United  States  Senate,  to  fill  vacancy  caused 
by  death  of  William  Pinkney  Whyte,  and  took 
his  seat  March  26,  1908;  reelected  for  the  term 
ending  March  3,  1915. 

Smith,  Jonathan  Bayard,  a  delegate  from 
Pennsylvania ;  born  in  Philadelphia,  Pa.,  Febru- 
ary 21,  1742 ;  received  a  thorough  English  educa- 
tion and  was  graduated  from  Princeton  college 
in  1760 ;  secretary  of  the  Philadelphia  committee 
of  safety  1775-1777;  Delegate  to  the  Continental 
Congress  1777-1778;  prothonotary  of  the  court 
of  common  pleas  1778-1781 ;  justice  of  the  court 
of  common  pleas;  alderman  of  Philadelphia 
1792-1794;  auditor-general  of  Pennsylvania 
1794 ;  died  in  Philadelphia,  Pa.,  June  16,  1812. 

Smith,  Joseph  S.,  a  Representative  from  Ore- 
gon ;  born  in  Fayette  county,  Pa.,  June  20,  1824 ; 
attended  the  common  schools;  studied  law,  was 
admitted  to  the  bar,  and  practiced;  prosecuting 
attorney  for  the  third  judicial  district  of  Wash- 
ington territory  in  1855;  elected  to  the  legisla- 
ture and  served  as  speaker  of  the  house;  United 
States  district  attorney  of  Washington  terri- 
tory for  two  years;  resigned  and  moved  to 
Oregon;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Forty- 
first  Congress  (March  4,  1869-March  3,  1871). 

Smith,  Josiah,  a  Representative  from  Massa- 
chusetts; born  in  Pembroke,  Mass.,  in  1745;  was 
graduated  from  Harvard  college  in  1774  ;  studied 
law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  practiced; 
member  of  the  state  legislature;  elected  to  the 


Seventh    Congress     (March    4,    1801 -March    3, 
1803)  ;  died  in  Pembroke,  Mass.,  April  4,  1803. 

Smith,  Madison  Boswell,  a  Senator  from  St. 
Louis,  Mo. ;  born  in  Glenallen,  Bollinger  county. 
Mo.,  July  9,  1850;  attended  the  public  schools 
and  Central  college  in  Fayette,  Mo. ;  studied  law, 
and  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1874;  taught 
school;  began  active  practice  of  law  in  1877; 
elected  to  the  state  senate  in  1886 ;  declined  fur- 
ther election;  served  four  years  as  reporter  of 
the  St.  Louis  court  of  appeals  and  resigned; 
elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Sixtieth  Congress 
(March  4,  1907-March  3,  1909)  ;  after  retirement 
from  Congress  resumed  the  practice  of  law  in 
Fannington,  Mo. 

Smith,  Marcus  Aurelius,  a  Delegate  and  a 
Senator  from  Arizona ;  born  near  Cynthiana, 
Ky.,  January  24,  1852;  attended  Transylvania 
university,  Lexington,  Ky. ;  studied  law  and  was 
admitted  to  the  bar ;  moved  to  Arizona  in  1881 ; 
elected  prosecuting  attorney  of  his  district  in 
1882;  elected  a  Delegate  as  a  Democrat  to  the 
Fiftieth  and  to  the  three  succeeding  Congresses 
(March  4,  1887-March  3,  1895)  ;  reelected  to  the 
Fifty-fifth  Congress  (March  4,  1897-March  3, 
1899)  ;  again  elected  to  the  Fifty-seventh  Con- 
gress (March  4,  1901-March  3,  1903)  and  to  the 
Fifty-ninth  and  Sixtieth  Congresses  (March  4, 
1905-March  3,  1909)  ;  elected  to  the  United 
States  Senate,  upon  the  admission  of  the  state  of 
Arizona  into  the  Union,  for  the  term  expiring 
March  3,  1915. 

Smith,  Melancthon,  a  Delegate  from  New 
York;  born  in  Jamaica,  N.  Y.,  in  1724;  elected 
to  the  Continental  Congress  1785-1788;  died  in 
New  York  City  July  29,  1798. 

Smith,  Meri wether,  a  Delegate  from  Vir- 
ginia ;  born  in  Bathurst,  Va.,  in  1730 ;  completed 
preparatory  studies;  served  several  years  as  a 
member  of  the  colonial  and  state  house  of  rep- 
resentatives; delegate  to  the  Revolutionary 
conventions  of  1775  and  1776;  delegate  to  the 
state  convention  that  adopted  the  Federal  Con- 
stitution; delegate  to  the  Continental  Congress 
1778-1782 ;  member  of  the  Virginia  house  of  dele- 
gates ;  died  in  Merigold,  Essex  county,  Va.,  Janu- 
ary 25,  1790. 

Smith,  Nathan,  a  Senator  from  Connecticut; 
born  in  Woodbury,  Conn.,  January  8,  1770;  re- 
ceived a  thorough  English  education ;  attended 
Litchfield  law  school,  was  admitted  to  the  bar 
and  began  practice  in  New  Haven,  Conn. ;  mem- 
ber of  the  state  house  of  representatives ;  state's 
attorney  for  New  Haven  county ;  delegate  to  the 
Hartford  convention  of  Federalists  in  1814; 
United  States  attorney  for  Connecticut;  unsuc- 
cessful candidate  for  governor  in  1825 ;  elected  as 
a  Whig  to  the  United-  States  Senate,  and  served 
from  March  4,  1833,  until  his  death,  in  Washing- 
ton, D.  C.,  December  6,  1835. 

Smith,  Nathaniel,  a  Representative  from 
Connecticut;  born  in  Woodbury,  Conn.,  January 
6,  1762 ;  attended  the  public  schools ;  farmer  and 
cattle  dealer;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the 
bar  in  1787,  and  practiced  in  Woodbury,  Conn. ; 
member  of  the  state  house  of  representatives 
1789-1795;  elected  as  a  Federalist  to  the  Fourth 
and  Fifth  Congresses  (March  4,  1795-March  3, 
1799);  member  of  the  state  senate  1800-1805; 
judge  of  the  supreme  court  of  Connecticut  1806- 
1819;  delegate  to  the  Hartford  convention  of 
1814;  died  in  Woodbury,  Conn.,  March  9,  1822. 


1008 


CONGBESSIONAL  DIEECTOEY. 


Smith,  O'Brien,  a  Representative  from  South 
Carolina ;  elected  to  the  Ninth  Congress  ( March 
4,  1805-March  3,  1807). 

Smith,  Oliver  Hampton,  a  Representative 
and  a  Senator  from  Indiana;  born  on  Smiths 
island,  near  Trenton,  N.  J.,  October  23,  1794; 
moved  to  Indiana  in  1817;  attended  the  public 
schools ;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar, 
and  began  practice  in  Connersville,  Ind. ;  mem- 
ber of  the  state  house  of  representatives  in  1822- 
1824 ;  prosecuting  attorney  for  the  third  judicial 
district  1824  and  1825;  elected  as  a  Jackson 
Democrat  to  the  Twentieth  Congress  (March  4, 
1827-March  3,  1829)  ;  unsuccessful  candidate  for 
reelection;  elected  as  a  Whig  to  the  United 
States  Senate,  and  served  from  March  4,  1837, 
to  March  3,  1843 ;  declined  the  Whig  nomination 
for  governor  in  1845;  engaged  in  the  railroad 
business  in  Indianapolis;  died  in  Indianapolis, 
Ind.,  March  19,  1849. 

Smith,  Perry,  a  Senator  from  Connecticut; 
born  in  Woodbury,  Conn.,  May  12,  1783;  com- 
pleted preparatory  studies;  studied  law  at  the 
Litchfleld  law  school,  was  admitted  to  the  bar, 
and  began  practice  in  New  Milford,  Conn.,  in 
1807 ;  member  of  the  state  house  of  representa- 
tives 1822-1824;  judge  of  probate  court  1824- 
1835 ;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  United  States 
Senate,  and  served  from  March  4,  1837,  to  March 
3,  1843;  died  in  New  Milford,  Conn.,  June  8, 
1852. 

Smith,  R.  Barn  well,  a  Representative  from 
South  Carolina ;  elected  to  the  Thirty-seventh 
Congress  (March  4,  1861-March  3,  1863). 

Smith,  Richard,  a  Delegate  from  New  Jersey : 
born  at  Burlington,  N.  J.,  March  22,  1735; 
studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  prac- 
ticed in  Philadelphia,  Pa.,  and  later  in  New 
Jersey;  member  of  the  state  assembly;  recorder 
of  the  courts  of  Burlington,  N.  J. ;  treasurer  of 
New  Jersey  in  1776 ;  Delegate  to  the  Continental 
Congress,  1774-1776;  resigned  on  account  of  ill 
health  in  1776 ;  moved  to  Laurens,  N.  Y.,  in  1790 ; 
died  near  Natchez,  Miss.,  September  17,  1803. 

Smith,  Robert,  a  Representative  from  Illi- 
nois ;  born  in  Peterboro,  N.  H.,  June  12,  1802 ; 
attended  the  public  schools ;  farmer ;  moved  to 
Illinois  and  located  in  Alton ;  member  of  the 
state  house  of  representatives  1836-1840 ;  elected 
as  a  Democrat  to  the  Twenty-eighth,  Twenty- 
ninth,  and  Thirtieth  Congresses  (March  4,  1843- 
March  3,  1849)  ;  reelected  to  the  Thirty-fifth 
Congress  (March  4,  1857-March  3,  1859)  ;  died 
in  Alton,  111.,  December  21,  1867. 

Smith,  Samuel,  a  Representative  from  New 
Hampshire;  born  in  Peterboro,  N.  H.,  Novem- 
ber 11,  1765 ;  received  a  limited  education ;  wall- 
paper manufacturer ;  elected  to  the  Thirteenth 
Congress  (March  4,  1813-March  3,  1815)  ;  died 
in  Peterboro,  N.  H.,  April  25,  1842. 

Smith,  Samuel,  a  Representative  from  Penn- 
sylvania ;  elected  to  the  Ninth,  Tenth,  and 
Eleventh  Congresses  (March  4,  1805-March  3. 
1811). 

Smith,  Samuel,  a  Representative  and  a  Senator 
from  Maryland ;  born  in  Carlisle,  Pa.,  July  27, 
1752;  moved  with  his  father  to  Baltimore,  Md., 
in  1759 ;  attended  the  public  schools ;  engaged  in 
the  mercantile  business;  served  in  the  Revolu- 
tionary war  as  captaiu,  major,  and  lieutenant 


colonel ;  engaged  in  the  shipping  business ;  briga- 
dier general  of  the  state  militia ;  member  of  the 
state  legislature;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the 
Third  and  to  the  four  succeeding  Congresses 
(March  4,  1793-March  3,  1803)  ;  elected  to  the 
United  States  Senate;  served  from  March  4, 
1803,  to  March  3,  1815  acting  secretary  of  the 
United  States  navy  in  Jefferson's  cabinet  in 
1805 ;  served  in  the  war  of  1812 ;  reelected  to  the 
Fourteenth  and  to  the  three  succeeding  Con- 
gresses, and  served  from  March  4,  1815,  until  his 
resignation  December  17,  1822 ;  elected  to  the 
United  States  Senate,  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by 
the  death  of  William  Pinkney,  and  served  from 
December  16,  1822,  to  March  3,  1833,  when  he 
resigned;  major  general  of  the  state  militia; 
elected  mayor  of  Baltimore,  Md. ;  died  in  Balti- 
more, Md.,  April  22,  1839. 

Smith,  Samuel  A.,  a  Representative  from 
Pennsylvania ;  elected  as  a  Jackson  Democrat 
to  the  Twenty-first  and  Twenty-second  Con- 
gresses (March  4,  1829-March  3,  1833). 

Smith,  Samuel  Axley,  a  Representative  from 
Tennessee;  born  in  Monroe  county,  Tenn.,  June 
26,  1822 ;  received  a  limited  education ;  taught 
school ;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in 
1845,  and  began  practice  in  Cleveland,  Tenn. ; 
district  attorney  general  1845-1850;  delegate  to 
the  national  Democratic  convention  at  Baltimore 
in  1848;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Thirty- 
third,  Thirty-fourth,  and  Thirty-fifth  Congresses 
(March  4,  1853-March  3,  1859)  ;  appointed  by 
President  Buchanan  Commissioner  of  the  Gen- 
eral Land  Office  in  1860;  served  in  Confederate 
army  in  1861 ;  died  in  Ladd  Springs,  Polk  county, 
Teun.,  November  25,  1863. 

Smith,  Samuel  William,  a  Representative 
from  Michigan ;  born  in  Independence,  Oakland 
county,  Mich.,  August  23,  1852;  attended  the 
common  schools  in  Clarkston  and  Detroit;  was 
graduated  from  the  law  department  of  the  Uni- 
versity of  Michigan,  and  was  admitted  to  the 
bar  in  1873;  prosecuting  attorney  of  Oakland 
county  1880-1884 ;  member  of  the  state  senate 
1884;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Fifty-fifth 
and  to  the  six  succeeding  Congresses  (March  4, 
1897-March  3,  1911).  Reelected  to  the  Sixty- 
second  Congress. 

Smith,  Sylvester  Clark,  a  Representative 
from  California ;  born  near  Mount  Pleasant, 
Iowa,  August  26,  1858;  attended  the  district 
schools  and  Howe's  academy,  Mount  Pleasant ; 
moved  to  California  in  1879 ;  farmed  and  taught 
school  in  Colusa  county;  taught  school  in  Kern 
county  in  1883;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to 
the  bar  in  1885,  and  commenced  practice  in 
Bakersfield,  Cal. ;  employed  to  edit  the  Kern 
County  Echo ;  resumed  the  practice  of  law ; 
member  of  the  state  senate  1894-1902;  unsuc- 
cessful candidate  for  election  to  the  Fifty-eighth 
Congress;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Fifty- 
ninth,  Sixtieth,  and  Sixty-first  Congresses 
(March  4,  1905-March  3,  1911).  Reelected  to 
the  Sixty-second  Congress. 

Smith,  Thomas,  a  Representative  from  Penn- 
sylvania ;  elected  to  the  Fourteenth  Congress 
(March  4,  1815-March  3,  1817). 

Smith,  Thomas,  a  Delegate  from  Pennsyl- 
vania ;  born  near  Cruden,  Aberdeenshire,  Scot- 
land, in  1745;  came  to  the  United  States  and 
located  in  Bedford,  Pa.,  February  9,  1769; 


BIOGRAPHIES. 


1009 


deputy  surveyor ;  held  several  local  offices ;  stud- 
ied law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced 
practice  in  1772 ;  served  in  the  Revolutionary 
army  as  deputy  colonel  of  militia ;  delegate  in 
the  state  constitutional  convention  of  1776; 
member  of  the  state  house  of  representatives 
1776-1780 ;  delegate  in  the  Continental  Congress 
1780-1782;  judge  of  the  supreme  court  of  Penn- 
sylvania 1794-1809;  died  in  Philadelphia,  Pa., 
March  31,  1809. 

Smith,  Thomas,  a  Representative  from  In- 
diana ;  born  in  Fayette  county,  Pa.,  May,  1798 ; 
moved  to  Indiana;  tanner;  attended  the  public 
schools ;  located  in  Versailles,  Ind. ;  member  of 
the  state  senate;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the 
Twenty-sixth  Congress  (March  4,  1839-March 
3,  1841)  ;  reelected  to  the  Twenty-eighth  and 
Twenty-ninth  Congresses  (March  4,  1843-March 
3,  1847)  ;  unsuccessful  Democratic  candidate 
for  the  Twenty-seventh  Congress;  died  in  Ver- 
sailles, Ripley  county,  Ind.,  April  12,  1876. 

Smith,  Thomas  Alexander,  a  Representative 
from  Maryland;  born  near  Greenwood,  Del., 
September  3,  1850;  attended  the  public  schools 
and  Denton  academy;  taught  school  in  Dela- 
ware, Maryland,  and  Michigan ;  moved  to 
Ridgely,  Md.,  and  was  appointed  agent  of  the 
Philadelphia,  Wilmington  and  Baltimore  Rail- 
road; school  commissioner  of  Caroline  county 
1889-1893;  member  of  the  state  senate  in  1894 
and  1896 ;  candidate  for  comptroller  of  the  state 
treasury  1897 ;  chief  of  the  Maryland  bureau  of 
statistics  and  information  1900-1903;  first  vice- 
president  of  the  National  Association  of  Labor 
Statisticians  1903-1904 ;  member  of  the  board  of 
state  aid  and  charities  1903-1904;  elected  as  a 
Democrat  to  the  Fifty-ninth  Congress  ( March  4, 
1905-March  3,  1907)  ;  land  commissioner  of 
Maryland  in  Annapolis;  a  resident  of  Ridgely, 
Md. 

Smith,  Truman,  a  Representative  and  Sena- 
tor from  Connecticut;  born  in  Roxbury,  Conn., 
November  27,  1791 ;  was  graduated  from  Yale 
in  1815 ;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar 
in  1818,  and  began  practice  in  Litchfleld,  Conn. ; 
member  of  the  state  house  of  representatives 
1831,  1832,  and  1834;  elected  as  a  Whig  to  the 
Twenty-sixth  and  Twenty-seventh  Congresses 
(March  4,  1839-March  3,  1843)  ;  presidential 
elector  on  the  Clay  and  Frelinghuysen  ticket  in 
1844 ;  reelected  to  the  Twenty-ninth  and  Thir- 
tieth Congresses  (March  4,  1845-March  3, 1849)  ; 
elected  to  the  United  States  Senate,  and  served 
from  March  4,  1849,  until  his  resignation  May 
24,  1854;  moved  to  New  York;  judge  of  the 
slave-trade  court  in  New  York,  1862-1870;  died 
in  Stamford,  Conn.,  May  3,  1884. 

Smith,  Walter  Inglewood,  a  Representative 
from  Iowa ;  born  in  Council  Bluffs,  Iowa,  July 
10,  1862;  attended  the  common  schools;  studied 
law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  December,  1882, 
and  commenced  practice ;  judge  of  the  fifteenth 
judicial  district  of  Iowa  1890-1898 ;  elected  as  a 
Republican  to  the  Fifty-sixth  Congress  in  No- 
vember, 1900,  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  the  resig- 
nation of  Smith  McPherson,  and  at  the  same 
time  elected  to  the  Fifty-seventh  Congress ;  re- 
elected  to  the  Fifty-eighth,  Fifty-ninth,  Sixtieth, 
and  Sixty-first  Congresses;  resigned  March  15, 
1911,  to  accept  an  appointment  as  United  States 
circuit  judge  in  the  eighth  judicial  circuit. 

50346°— S.  Doc.  654,  61-2 64 


Smith,  William,  a  Delegate  and  a  Representa- 
tive from  Maryland;  born  in  Baltimore,  Md., 
April  12,  1728 ;  Delegate  to  the  Continental  Con- 
gress 1777-1778;  prominent  merchant;  elected 
as  a  Federalist  to  the  First  Congress  (March  4, 
1789-March  3,  1791)  ;  Auditor  of  the  Treasury 
July  16,  1791,  to  November  27,  1791 ;  presidential 
elector  in  1792;  died  in  Baltimore,  Md.,  March 
27,  1814. 

Smith,  William,  a  Representative  from  South 
Carolina;  native  of  South  Carolina;  received  a 
thorough  English  education ;  held  several  oflices ; 
elected  as  a  Federalist  to  the  First  and  to  the 
four  succeeding  Congresses,  and  served  from 
March  4,  1789,  until  his  resignation  July  10, 
1797;  minister  to  Portugal  1797-1801;  died  on 
his  plantation  in  South  Carolina  September  9, 
1801. 

Smith,  William,  a  Representative  and  a  Sen- 
ator from  South  Carolina;  born  in  North  Caro- 
lina in  1762 ;  moved  to  York  district,  South  Caro- 
lina ;  pursued  classical  studies ;  was  graduated 
from  Mount  Zion  college,  Winnsborough,  S.  C.,  in 
1789 ;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and 
began  practice  in  Charleston,  S.  C.,  in  1784 ;  held 
several  local  oflices;  member  of  the  state  house 
of  representatives;  elected  to  the  state  senate 
1806-1808,  and  served  as  president  of  the  senate 
in  1808;  circuit  judge  of  the  district  court; 
elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Fifth  Congress 
(March  4,  1797-March  3,  1799)  ;  elected  as  a 
Democrat  to  the  United  States  Senate,  to  fill 
vacancy  caused  by  the  resignation  of  John  Tay- 
lor; reelected  in  1817,  and  served  from  Decem- 
ber 4,  1816,  until  March  3,  1823;  unsuccessful 
candidate  for  reelection ;  again  elected  to  the 
United  States  Senate,  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by 
the  death  of  John  Gaillard,  and  served  from 
December  7,  1826,  until  March  3,  1831;  unsuc- 
cessful candidate  for  reelection ;  declined  the 
offer  of  judge  of  the  Supreme  Court  of  the 
United  Statess  moved  to  Huntsville,  Ala.,  in 
1833 ;  declined  the  appointment  of  associate  jus- 
tice of  the  Supreme  Court  of  the  United  States 
in  1836;  member  of  the  state  legislature  1835- 
1839;  died  in  Huntsville,  June  10,  1840. 

Smith,  William,  a  Representative  from  Vir- 
ginia ;  a  native  of  Chesterfield,  Va. ;  completed 
preparatory  studies;  elected  to  the  Seventeenth, 
Eighteenth,  and  Nineteenth  Congresses  (March 
4,  1821-March  3,  1827). 

Smith,  William,  a  Representative  from  Vir- 
ginia ;  born  in  King  George  county,  Va.,  Sep- 
tember 6,  1796 ;  completed  preparatory  studies ; 
attended  Plainfield  academy,  Conn. ;  studied  law, 
was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  began  practice  in 
Culpeper  county,  Va. ;  member  of  the  state  seri- 
ate 1830-1835;  successfully  contested  the  elec- 
tion of  Linn  Banks  to  the  Twenty-seventh  Con- 
gress, and  served  from  December  4,  1841,  until 
March  3,  1843 ;  governor  of  Virginia,  1845-1848 ; 
moved  to  California  in  1850;  president  of  the 
constitutional  convention  at  Benicia,  Gal.,  in 
1850 ;  returned  to  Virginia  ;  elected  to  the  Thirty- 
third,  and  to  the  three  succeeding  Congresses 
(March  4,  1853-March  3,  1861)  ;  colonel  of  the 
forty-ninth  Virginia  infantry  in  the  civil  war; 
served  in  the  Confederate  congress;  again  a 
member  of  the  state  legislature;  governor  of 
Virginia  in  1864;  died  in  Warrenton,  Va.,  May 
18,  1887. 


1010 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 


Smith,  William  Alden,  a  Representative  from 
Michigan ;  born  in  Dowagiac,  Mich.,  May  12, 
1859 ;  attended,  the  common  schools ;  moved  with 
his  parents  to  Grand  Rapids  in  1872 ;  appointed 
a  page  in  the  Michigan  house  of  representatives 
in  1879 ;  studied  law  and  was  admitted  to  the 
bar  in  1883 ;  assistant  secretary  of  the  Michigan 
senate  in  1883 ;  president  and  principal  owner  of 
the  Grand  Rapids  Herald;  elected  as  a  Repub- 
lican to  the  Fifty-fourth,  and  to  the  five  succeed- 
ing Congresses,  and  served  from  March  4,  1895, 
to  January  11, 1907 ;  elected  to  the  United  States 
Senate  in  January,  1907,  for  the  term  ending 
March  4,  1913 ;  subsequently  elected  to  fill  va- 
cancy caused  by  the  death  of  Russel  A.  Alger, 
and  took  his  seat  February  11,  1907 ;  reelected 
for  the  term  expiring  March  3,  1919. 

Smith,  William  Alexander,  a  Representative 
from  North  Carolina ;  born  in  Warren  county, 
N.  C.,  January  9,  1828;  attended  the  public 
schools;  farmer;  member  of  the  state  constitu- 
tional convention  in  1865;  member  of  the  state 
senate  in  1870;  president  of  the  North  Carolina 
Railroad  in  1868  and  of  the  Yadkin  River  Rail- 
road ;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Forty-third 
Congress  (March  4,  1873-March  3,  1875)  ;  died 
in  Richmond,  Va.,  May  16,  1888. 

Smith,  William  E.,  a  Representative  from 
Georgia ;  born  in  Augusta,  Ga.,  March  14,  1829 ; 
pursued  an  academic  course;  studied  law,  was 
admitted  to  the  bar  in  1848,  under  a  special 
act  of  the  legislature,  and  practiced ;  also  a 
planter;  ordinary  of  Dougherty  county,  Ga.,  in 
1853 ;  solicitor  general  of  the  Southwest  circuit 
in  1858-1860;  enlisted  in  the  Confederate  army 
as  a  first  lieutenant  in  the  fourth  Georgia  vol- 
unteers ;  elected  captain  in  April,  1862 ;  elected 
to  the  Second  Confederate  congress  in  1863; 
declined  the  office  of  circuit  judge  in  1874 ; 
elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Forty -fourth,  Forty- 
fifth,  and  Forty-sixth  Congresses  (March  4, 
1875-March  3,  1881)  ;  after  retiring  from  Con- 
gress resumed  the  practice  of  law;  died  in 
Albany,  Ga.,  March  11,  1890. 

Smith,  William  Jay,  a  Representative  from 
Tennessee;  born  in  Birmingham,  England,  Sep- 
tember 24,  1823 ;  emigrated  to  the  United  States 
and  located  in  Orange  county,  N.  Y. ;  printer ; 
moved  to  Tennessee  in  1846;  served  in  a  regi- 
ment from  the  state  in  the  Mexican  war ;  located 
in  Hardeman  county,  Tenn.,  and  engaged  in 
horticulture;  served  in  the  Union  army  during 
the  civil  war  and  became  brevet  brigadier-gen- 
eral ;  member  of  the  state  constitutional ;  mem- 
ber of  the  state  house  of  representatives ;  served 
in  the  state  senate;  surveyor  of  the  port  of 
Memphis,  Tenn ;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the 
Forty-first  Congress  (March  4,  1869-March  3, 
1871)  ;  resides  in  Memphis,  Tenn. 

Smith,  William  Nathan  Harrell,  a  Repre- 
sentative from  North  Carolina ;  born  in  Mur- 
freesboro,  N.  C.,  September  24,  1812 ;  was  gradu- 
ated from  Yale  college  in  1834,  and  from  Yale 
law  school  in  1840;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to 
the  bar,  and  began  practice  in  Murfreesboro, 
N.  C.,  in  1839 ;  held  several  local  offices ;  member 
of  the  state  house  of  representatives  in  1840 ; 
served  in  the  state  senate  in  1848 ;  solicitor  of  the 
first  judicial  district  of  North  Carolina  ;  reelected 
to  the  state  house  of  representatives  in  1858,  but 
resigned,  having  been  elected  as  a  State  Rights 
American  to  the  Thirty-sixth  Congress  (March 


4,  1859-March  3,  1861)  ;  served  in  the  Confed- 
erate congress,  1862-1865 ;  chief  justice  of  the 
supreme  court  of  North  Carolina,  1878-1889; 
died  in  Raleigh,  N.  C.,  November  14,  1889. 

Smith,  William  Orlando,  a  Representative 
from  Pennsylvania ;  born  in  Reynoldsville,  Jef- 
ferson county,  Pa.,  June  13,  1859 ;  attended  the 
public  schools ;  learned  the  printing  trade ;  pub- 
lisher of  the  Reynoldsville  Herald:  worked  in 
the  Government  Printing  Office,  Washington, 
D.  C.,  six  years;  one  of  a  company  of  ten 
printers  to  establish  the  Washington  Crafts- 
man, a  deceased  organ  of  the  International 
Typographical  Union,  and  was  its  first  associate 
editor ;  returned  to  his  native  county  in  1884  and 
successively  edited  the  Punxsutawney  Tribune 
and  the  Punxsutawney  Spirit ;  elected  member 
of  the  state  house  of  representatives,  1889-1898 ; 
editor  of  the  Bradford  (Pa.)  Daily  Era  in  1891 ; 
in  January,  1892,  purchased  a  half  interest  in 
the  Punxsutawney  Spirit;  elected  as  a  Republi- 
can to  the  Fifty-eighth  and  Fifty-ninth  Con- 
gresses (March  4,  1903-March  3,  1907). 

Smith,  William  Robert,  a  Representative 
from  Texas ;  born  in  Smith  county,  Tex.,  August 
18,  1863 ;  attended  the  country  schools  and  was 
graduated  from  Sam  Houston  normal  institute, 
in  Huntsville,  Tex.,  in  1883;  studied  law  in 
Tyler,  Tex.,  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1885,  and 
practiced  in  Tyler  until  February,  1888;  moved 
to  Colorado,  Tex.,  and  continued  practice;  judge 
of  the  thirty-second  judicial  district  of  Texas 
1897-1901;  elected  to  the  Fifty-eighth.  Fifty- 
ninth,  Sixtieth,  and  Sixty-first  Congresses 
(March  4,  1903-March  3,  1911).  Reelected  to 
the  Sixty-second  Congress. 

Smith,  William  Russell,  a  Representative 
from  Alabama ;  born  in  Russellville,  Ky.,  August 
8,  1813 ;  pursued  classical  studies ;  attended  the 
university  of  Alabama ;  studied  law,  was  ad- 
mitted to  the  bar,  and  began  practice  in  Greens- 
boro, Ala.,  in  1834 ;  served  in  the  campaign 
against  the  Creek  Indians  in  1836 ;  moved  to  Tus- 
caloosa,  Ala.,  in  1836  and  engaged  in  newspaper 
work ;  founded  and  edited  the  Mirror ;  mayor  of 
Tuscaloosa,  in  1839;  member  of  the  state  house 
of  representatives  1842-1843 ;  elected  brigadier- 
general  of  militia ;  judge  of  the  seventh  judicial 
circuit;  brigadier-general  of  state  militia; 
elected  as  a  Union  Whig  to  the  Thirty-second 
and  Thirty-third  Congresses  (March  4,  1851- 
March-3,  1855)  ;  reelected  as  a  National  Ameri- 
can to  the  Thirty-fourth  Congress  (March  4, 
1855-March  3,  1857 ;  unsuccessful  candidate  for 
reelection ;  member  of  the  state  constitutional 
convention  in  1861 ;  representative  in  the  First 
and  Second  Confederate  Congresses;  devoted 
himself  to  the  practice  of  law  and  literary  pur- 
suits ;  died  in  Tuscaloosa,  Ala.,  February  26, 
1896. 

Smith,  William  Stephens,  a  Representative 
from  New  York;  born  in  Long  Island,  N.  Y., 
November  8,  1755 ;  was  graduated  from  New 
Jersey  college  in  1774 ;  served  in  the  Revolu- 
tionary army  as  aid-de-camp  to  General  Sulli- 
van in  1776;  on  the  staff  of  General  Lafayette 
1780-1781,  and  then  transferred  to  staff  of 
General  Washington ;  fought  in  twenty-two  en- 
gagements of  the  Revolution ;  secretary  of  lega- 
tion at  London  in  1784 ;  returned  to  America  in 
1788;  surveyor  of  the  port  of  New  York;  mem- 
ber of  the  state  house  of  representatives ;  elected 


BIOGRAPHIES. 


1011 


to  the  Thirteenth  Congress  (March  4,  1813- 
March  3,  1815)  ;  died  in  Smith  Valley,  town  of 
Lebanon,  N.  Y.,  June  10,  1816. 

Smith,  Worthington  Curtis,  a  Representa- 
tive from  Vermont ;  born  in  St.  Albans,  Vt., 
April  23,  1823;  pursued  classical  studies,  and 
was  graduated  from  the  university  of  Vermont 
in  1843;  studied  law,  but  did  not  practice;  en- 
gaged in  the  iron  trade;  assisted  in  raising  the 
first  Vermont  volunteers  in  1861 ;  member  of 
the  state  house  of  representatives  in  1863; 
elected  to  the  state  senate  1864-1865,  and  was 
unanimously  elected  president  pro  tempore  of 
that  body  in  1865;  elected  as  a  Republican  to 
the  Fortieth,  Forty-first,  and  Forty-second  Con- 
gresses (March  4,  1867-March  3,  1873)  ;  died  in 
St.  Albans,  Vt.,  January  2,  1894. 

Smithers,  Nathaniel  Barratt,  a  Representa- 
tive from  Delaware ;  born  in  Dover,  Del.,  Octo- 
ber 8,  1818;  was  graduated  from  Lafayette  col- 
lege, Pennsylvania,  in  1836 ;  studied  law,  was 
admitted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced  practice  in 
Dover,  Del.,  in  1840;  secretary  of  state  of  Dela- 
ware; elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Thirty- 
eighth  Congress,  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  the 
death  of  William  Temple,  and  served  from  De- 
cember 7,  1863,  to  March  3,  1865;  delegate  in 
the  Republican  national  convention  in  Balti- 
more in  1864 ;  died  in  Dover,  Kent  county,  Del., 
January  16,  1896. 

Smoot,  Heed,  a  Senator  from  Utah ;  born  in 
Salt  Lake  City,  Utah,  January  10,  1862 ;  moved 
with  his  parents  to  Provo,  Utah ;  attended  the 
common  schools  and  the  state  university,  and 
was  graduated  from  the  Brigham  Young  acad- 
emy in  1880 ;  banker  and  woolen  manufacturer ; 
delegate  in  the  Republican  national  conventions 
of  1908  and  1912;  elected  as  a  Republican  to 
the  United  States  Senate  for  the  term  com- 
mencing March  4,  1903;  reelected  in  1909  for 
the  term  expiring  March  3,  1915. 

Smyser,  Martin  Luther,  a  Representative 
from  Ohio ;  born  in  Wayne  county,  Ohio,  April 
3,  1851 ;  attended  the  common  schools  and  was 
graduated  from  Wittenberg  college,  Springfield, 
Ohio ;  studied  law  and  was  admitted  to  the 
bar;  served  one  term  as  prosecuting  attorney 
of  Wayne  county ;  elected  to  the  Fifty-first  Con- 
gress (March  4,  1889-March  3,  1891)  and  to 
the  Fifty -ninth  Congress  (March  4,  1905-March 
3,  1907). 

Smyth,  Alexander,  a  Representative  from 
Virginia ;  born  in  the  island  of  Rathlin,  Ireland, 
in  1765 ;  came  to  the  United  States  and  located 
in  Botetourt  county,  Va.,  in  1775;  completed 
preparatory  studies;  studied  law,  was  admitted 
to  the  bar,  and  began  practice  in  Abingdon,  Va. ; 
moved  to  Wythe  county,  Va. ;  member  of  the 
state  house  of  representatives  from  1792  to 
1808 ;  inspector-general  of  the  army  in  1812 ;  re- 
sumed the  practice  of  law ;  again  a  member  of 
the  state  house  of  representatives;  elected  to 
the  Fifteenth  and  to  the  three  succeeding  Con- 
gresses (March  4,  1817-March  3,  1825)  ;  re- 
elected  to  the  Twentieth  and  Twenty-first  Con- 
gresses, and  served  from  March  4,  1827,  until 
his  death,  in  Washington,  D.  C.,  April  17,  1830. 

Smyth,  George  Washington,  a  Representa- 
tive from  Texas;  born  in  North  Carolina,  May 
16,  1803 ;  moved  with  his  parents  to  Alabama 
and  later  to  Murfreesboro,  Tenn. ;  surveyor ; 


moved  to  Texas  (then  Mexico)  and  became  com- 
missioner of  titles;  appointed  as  Texas  commis- 
sioner in  charge  of  the  boundary  line  between 
the  Republic  of  Texas  and  the  United  States; 
farmer ;  commissioner  of  the  general  land  office 
of  the  state  in  1848;  moved  to  Texas;  elected 
as  a  Democrat  to  the  Thirty-third  Congress 
(March  4,  1853-March  3,  1855)  ;  declined  re- 
nomination  to  the  Thirty-fourth  Congress; 
served  in  the  Confederate  army ;  member  of  the 
constitutional  convention ;  died  February  21, 
1866. 

Smyth,  William,  a  Representative  from 
Iowa ;  born  in  county  Tyrone,  Ireland,  January 
3,  1824 ;  completed  preparatory  studies ;  came  to 
the  United  States  and  located  in  Pennsylvania 
in  1838;  moved  to  Iowa  in  1844;  studied  law, 
was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  began  practice  in 
Marion,  Iowa,  in  1847 ;  prosecuting  attorney  of 
Linn  county ;  judge  of  the  district  court  for  the 
fourth  judicial  district  of  Iowa ;  served  two- 
years  in  the  Union  army ;  elected  as  a  Repub- 
lican to  the  Forty-first  Congress  (March  4, 
1869-March  3.  1871)  ;  died  in  Marion,  Iowa, 
September  30,  1870. 

Snapp,  Henry,  a  Representative  from  Illinois; 
born  in  Livonia.  Livingston  county,  N.  Y.,  June 
30,  1822;  moved  to  Rochester,  N.  Y. ;  attended 
the  common  schools;  moved  to  Homer,  111., 
studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  began 
practice  in  Joliet,  111. ;  member  of  the  state  sen- 
ate, 1869-1871;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the 
Forty-second  Congress  (March  4,  1871-March  3, 
1873)  ;  died  in  Joliet,  111.,  November  26,  1895. 

Snapp,  Howard  Malcom,  a  Representative 
from  Illinois;  born  in  Joliet,  111.,  September  27, 
1855;  attended  the  public  schools  and  Chicago 
university ;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1879  and 
commenced  practice;  delegate  to  the  Republican 
national  convention  in  1896 ;  master  in  chancery 
from  1884  to  1903;  elected  as  a  Republican  to 
the  Fifty-eighth,  Fifty-ninth,  Sixtieth,  and  Sixty- 
first  Congresses  (March  4,  1903-March  3,  1911) ; 
resumed  the  practice  of  law  in  Joliet,  111. 

Sneed,  William  Henry,  a  Representative  from 
Tennessee;  born  in  Davidson  county,  Tenn., 
August  29,  1812;  completed  preparatory  studies; 
moved  with  his  father's  family  to  Rutherford 
county,  Tenn. ;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the 
bar,  and  practiced ;  member  of  the  state  senate 
1843-1845;  moved  to  Knoxville,  Tenn.,  in  1845, 
and  practiced ;  elected  as  an  American  to  the 
Thirty -fourth  Congress  (March  4,  1855-March 
3,  1857)  ;  died  in  Knoxville,  Tenn.,  September 
18,  1869. 

Snider,  Samuel  Prather,  a  Representative 
from  Minnesota ;  born  in  Mount  Gilead,  Ohio, 
October  9,  1845 ;  attended  Oberlin  college,  Ohio ; 
left  that  institution  in  1861,  and  enlisted 
as  a  private  soldier  in  the  sixty-fifth  Ohio  vol- 
unteer infantry ;  served  in  Kentucky,  Tennessee, 
Georgia,  Alabama,  and  Mississippi;  served  in 
west  Tennessee  as  captain  in  the  thirteenth 
United  States  colored  infantry;  after  the  civil 
war  engaged  in  commercial  pursuits,  and  became 
a  resident  of  Minnesota  in  1876 ;  organized  and 
built  the  Midland  railway ;  engaged  in  farming, 
mining,  and  manufacturing;  served  in  the  Min- 
nesota legislature,  1884-1888;  elected  as  a  Re- 
publican to  the  Fifty-first  Congress  (March  4, 
1889-March  3,  1891)  ;  engaged  as  dealer  in 
lands. 


1012 


CONGEESSIONAL   DIRECTORY. 


Snodgrass,  Charles  Edward,  a  Representative 
from  Tennessee;  born  in  Sparta,  White  county, 
Tenn.,  December  28,  1866 ;  attended  the  common 
schools;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar, 
and  commenced  practice  in  Crossville,  Tenn.,  in 
1888;  never  held  or  sought  any  other  elective 
office;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Fifty -sixth 
and  Fifty-seventh  Congresses  (March  4,  1899- 
March  3,  1903)  ;  judge  of  the  fifth  judicial  cir- 
cuit ;  resides  in  Crossville,  Tenn. 

Snodgrass,  Henry  Clay,  a  Representative 
from  Tennessee;  born  in  White  county,  Tenn., 
March  29,  1848 ;  attended  Sparta  academy ;  stud- 
ied law  at  the  university  in  Lebanon,  Tenn.,  was 
admitted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced  practice  in 
Sparta,  Tenn. ;  attorney-general  of  the  fifth  judi- 
cial circuit  for  eight  years;  elected  as  a  Demo- 
crat to  the  Fifty-second  and  Fifty-third  Con- 
gresses (March  4,  1891-March  3, 1895)  ;  resumed 
the  practice  of  law  after  leaving  Congress. 

Snodgrass,  John  Fryall,  a  Representative 
from  Virginia;  born  in  Berkeley  county,  Va. 
(now  West  Virginia),  March  2,  1804;  com- 
pleted preparatory  studies ;  studied  law,  was  ad- 
mitted to  the  bar,  and  began  practice  in  Park- 
ersburg,  Va. ;  delegate  to  the  state  constitutional 
convention  in  1850;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the 
Thirty-third  Congress  (March  4,  1853-March  3, 
1855) ;  died  in  Parkersburg,  Va.,  June  5,  1854. 

Snook,  John  Stout,  a  Representative  from 
Ohio;  born  near  Antwerp,  Paulding  county, 
Ohio,  December  18,  1862;  was  graduated  from 
the  Antwerp  graded  schools  in  1880;  attended 
the  Ohio  Wesleyan  university  at  Delaware, 
Ohio ;  was  graduated  from  the  law  school  of  the 
Cincinnati  college  in  May,  1887 ;  was  admitted  by 
the  supreme  court  to  practice  in  the  state  of 
Ohio,  and  began  practice  in  Antwerp,  Ohio ; 
moved  to  Paulding,  Ohio,  in  1890  and  practiced ; 
elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Fifty-seventh  and 
Fifty-eighth  Congresses  (March  4,  1901-March  3, 
1905)  ;  resumed  the  practice  of  law  in  Paulding, 
Ohio. 

Snover,  Horace  Greeley,  a  Representative 
from  Michigan ;  born  in  Romeo,  Macomb  county. 
Mich.,  September  21,  1847;  attended  the  public 
schools  and  Dickenson  institute;  was  graduated 
from  the  literary  department  of  the  university 
of  Michigan  in  1869  and  from  the  law  depart- 
ment in  1871 ;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1871 ; 
moved  to  Port  Austin,  Mich.,  in  1874  and  en- 
gaged in  the  practice  of  law;  principal  of  the 
public  schools;  probate  judge  of  Huron  county 
from  January  1,  1881,  to  January  1,  1885; 
elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Fifty-fourth  and 
Fifty-fifth  Congresses  (March  4,  1895-March  3, 
1899)  ;  after  leaving  Congress  engaged  in  the 
banking  and  real  estate  business  in  Port  Huron, 
Mich. 

Snow,  Herman  Wilbur,  a  Representative 
from  Georgia ;  born  in  Laporte  county,  Ind., 
July  3,  1836;  moved  with  his  parents  to  Ken- 
tucky ;  educated  himself  entirely ;  taught  school 
several  years ;  was  admitted  to  the  bar ;  enlisted 
as  a  private  in  the  one  hundred  and  thirty -ninth 
Illinois  volunteer  infantry ;  served  in  Illinois, 
Missouri,  and  Kentucky,  and  rose  to  the  rank  of 
captain ;  after  expiration  of  first  enlistment  re- 
enlisted  in  the  one  hundred  and  fifty-first  Illi- 
nois infantry,  and  rose  to  the  rank  of  lieutenant- 
colonel  ;  provost-marshal-general  of  Georgia  on 
Major-General  Steedman's  staff;  with  his  regi- 


ment when  Brigadier-General  Wofford  surren- 
dered 10,400  Confederate  troops  to  Steedman  at 
Kingston,  Ga. ;  at  the  expiration  of  service  re- 
sumed teaching  in  the  Chicago  high  school  for 
three  years;  elected  to  the  Illinois  legislature; 
elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Fifty-second  Con- 
gress (March  4,  1891-March  3,  1893)  ;  elected 
Sergeant-at-Arms  of  the  House  of  Representa- 
tives for  the  Fifty-third  Congress;  engaged  as 
banker  in  Sheldon,  111. 

Snow,  William  W.,  a  Representative  from 
New  York;  born  in  Heath,  Franklin  county, 
Mass.,  April  27,  1812;  attended  the  public 
schools ;  moved  to  Oneonta,  N.  Y.,  in  1831 ; 
merchant,  and  engaged  extensively  in  agricul- 
tural pursuits ;  inspector  of  common  schools ; 
supervisor  of  Oneonta ;  member  of  the  state 
house  of  representatives  in  1844 ;  elected  as  a 
Democrat  to  the  Thirty-second  Congress  (March 
4,  1851-March  3,  1853)  ;  again  a  member  of  the 
state  legislature  in  1870 ;  died  in  Oneonta,  N.  Y., 
September  3,  1886. 

Snowden,  William  Henry,  a  Representative 
from  Pennsylvania ;  born  in  Liskeard,  England, 
June  6,  1840;  emigrated  with  his  parents  to 
the  United  States  in  1846,  and  located  in  Allen- 
town,  Pa.;  attended  the  Allentown  academy, 
and  was  graduated  from  the  Harvard  law  school 
in  1865;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  and  began 
practice  in  Allentown,  Pa. ;  county  solicitor, 
1868;  district  attorney,  1872;  delegate  to  the 
Democratic  state  convention,  1875 ;  city  solicitor, 
1886;  served  in  the  civil  war  and  was  wounded 
in  the  Battle  of  Antietam;  elected  as  a  Demo- 
crat to  the  Forty-ninth  and  Fiftieth  Congresses 
(March  4,  1885-March  3,  1889)  ;  died  in  Allen- 
town,  Pa.,  March  3,  1907. 

Snyder,  Adam  Wilson,  a  Representative  from 
Illinois;  born  in  Connellsville,  Fayette  county, 
Pa.,  October  6,  1799;  attended  the  common 
schools ;  moved  to  Cahokia,  111. ;  studied  law  and 
was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1820 ;  served  several 
years  in  the  Illinois  state  house  of  representa- 
tives ;  unsuccessful  candidate  for  election  to  the 
Twenty-fourth  Congress ;  elected  as  a  Van  Buren 
Democrat  to  the  Twenty-fifth  Congress  (March 
4,  1837-March  3,  1839)  ;  Democratic  candidate 
for  governor  of  Illinois,  but  died  before  the  elec- 
tion in  Belleville,  St.  Clair  county,  111.,  May  14, 
1842. 

Snyder,  Charles  Philip,  a  Representative 
from  West  Virginia ;  born  in  Charleston,  Ka- 
nawha  county,  W.  Va.,  June  9,  1847 ;  pursued  an 
academic  course;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to 
the  bar,  and  practiced ;  prosecuting  attorney  of 
Kanawha  county,  W.  Va.,  1876-1884;  elected  as 
a  Democrat  to  the  Forty-eighth  Congress  to  fill 
vacancy  caused  by  the  resignation  of  John  E. 
Kenna ;  reelected  to  .the  Forty-ninth  and  Fif- 
tieth Congresses  and  served  from  December  3, 
1883,  to  March  3,  1889;  a  resident  of  Charles- 
ton, W.  Va. 

Snyder,  John,  a  Representative  from  Penn- 
sylvania; born  in  Selingsgrove,  Pa.,  January 
29,  1793 ;  served  as  captain  in  the  war  of  1812 ; 
elected  to  the  Twenty-seventh  Congress  (March 
4,  1841-March  3,  1843)  ;  died  in  Selinsgrove,  Pa., 
August  15,  1850. 

Snyder,  Oliver  P.,  a  Representative  from 
Arkansas ;  born  in  Missouri  November  13,  1833 ; 
completed  preparatory  studies ;  moved  to  Ar- 


BIOGRAPHIES. 


1013 


kansas  in  1853 ;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the 
bar,  and  practiced ;  member  of  the  general  as- 
sembly of  Arkansas  1864-1865;  delegate  to  the 
constitutional  convention  in  1867 ;  Republican 
presidential  elector  in  1868 ;  member  of  the  state 
senate;  one  of  the  committee  to  revise  and  re- 
arrange the  statutes  of  Arkansas  in  1868 ;  elected 
as  a  Republican  to  the  Forty-second  and  Forty- 
third  Congresses  (March  4,  1871-March  3, 1875). 

Sellers,  Augustus  R.,  a  Representative  from 
Maryland ;  native  of  that  state ;  elected  as  a 
Whig  to  the  Twenty-seventh  Congress  (March 
4,  1841-March  3,  1843),  and  reelected  to  the 
Thirty-third  Congress  (March  4,  1853-March  3, 
1855). 

Somers,  Peter  J.,  a  Representative  from  Wis- 
consin ;  born  in  Menominee  Falls,  Waukesha 
county,  Wis.,  April  12,  1850;  attended  the  com- 
mon schools,  normal  school,  and  pursued  an 
academic  course ;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to 
the  bar  in  1874,  and  practiced;  attorney  of  the 
city  of  Milwaukee  1882-1884 ;  elected  to  the  com- 
mon council  in  1890,  and  upon  its  organization 
elected,  president ;  trustee  of  the  public  library ; 
mayor  of  Milwaukee  in  1890-1894;  elected  to 
the  Fifty-third  Congress  at  a  special  election 
held  April  4,  1893,  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  the 
resignation  of  John  L.  Mitchell,  and  served 
from  August  27,  1893,  to  March  3,  1895 ;  resumed 
the  practice  of  law ;  moved  to  Nevada ;  district 
judge  of  Esmeraldo  county,  and  reelected  in  1910 
for  term  ending  1914. 

Somes,  Daniel  E.,  a  Representative  from 
Maine;  a  native  of  New  Hampshire;  moved  to 
Biddeford.  Me.,  and  engaged  in  manufacturing; 
mayor  of  Biddeford  1855-1857 ;  president  of  the 
City  bank  1856-1858;  elected  as  a  Republican 
to  the  Thirty-sixth  Congress  (March  4,  1859- 
March  3,  1861). 

Sorg,  Paul  John,  a  Representative  from 
Ohio ;  born  in  Wheeling,  W.  Va.,  September  23, 
1840;  moved  to  Cincinnati  in  1852;  appren- 
ticed to  a  molder ;  attended  night  school  in 
Cincinnati ;  in  the  sixties  began  the  manufac- 
ture of  tobacco  on  a  small  scale  in  Cincinnati ; 
elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Fifty-third  Con- 
gress at  a  special  election  to  fill  vacancy  caused 
by  the  death  of  George  W.  Honk ;  reelected  to 
the  Fifty-fourth  Congress  and  served  from  May 
21,  1894,  to  March  3,  1897;  died  in  Middletown, 
Ohio,  May  27,  1902. 

Soule,  Nathan,  a  Representative  from  New 
York ;  a  native  of  that  state ;  member  of  the 
state  house  of  representatives  in  1837 ;  elected 
to  the  Twenty-second  Congress  (March  4,  1831- 
March  3,  1833). 

Soule,  Pierre,  a  Senator  from  Louisiana ;  born 
in  Castillon,  France,  in  September,  1802 ;  com- 
pleted preparatory  studies;  taught  school;  en- 
gaged in  literary  pursuits ;  imprisoned  for  pub- 
lishing revolutionary  articles,  but  escaped  and 
came  to  the  United  States,  and  reached  New 
Orleans  in  1825 ;  studied  law  and  was  admitted 
to  the  bar  in  1826;  member  of  the  state  senate 
in  1845;  elected  to  the  United  States  Senate  to 
fill  vacancy  caused  by  the  death  of  Alexander 
A.  Barrow,  and  served  from  January  21,  1847, 
to  March  3,  1847 ;  again  elected  and  served  from 
March  4,  1849,  until  his  resignation,  April  11, 
1853-  minister  to  Spain  1853-1855 ;  resumed  the 
practice  of  law  in  New  Orleans,  La. ;  died  in 
New  Orleans,  La.,  March  26,  1870. 


Southall,  Robert  Goode,  a  Representative 
from  Virginia ;  born  in  Amelia  county,  Va.,  De- 
cember 26,  1852;  attended  the  Washington 
Academy  and  high  school  of  Amelia  county; 
deputy  clerk  of  Nottaway  county  for  fourteen 
years ;  was  graduated  from  the  law  school  of  the 
University  of  Virginia  in  June,  1876,  was  admit- 
ted to  the  bar,  and  began  practice  in  January, 
1877 ;  delegate  to  the  Democratic  convention  at 
St.  Louis  in  1888  and  at  Chicago  in  1896 ;  mem- 
ber of  the  state  house  of  delegates  1899-1903; 
commonwealth's  attorney  of  Amelia  county", 
Va. ;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Fifty-eighth 
and  Fifty-ninth  Congresses  (March  4,  1903- 
March  3,  1907)  ;  judge  of  the  judicial  circuit 
court  of  Virginia ;  a  resident  of  Amelia  county, 
Va. 

Southard,  Henry,  a  Representative  from  New 
Jersey";  born  in  Hempstead,  Long  Island,  Octo- 
ber 7,  1747 ;  moved  with  his  parents  to  Basking- 
ridge,  N.  J.,  and  worked  on  a  farm ;  served  nine 
years  as  a  member  of  the  state  legislature; 
elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Seventh  and  to  the 
four  succeeding  Congresses  (March  4,  1801- 
March  3,  1811)  ;  reelected  to  the  Fourteenth, 
Fifteenth,  and  Sixteenth  Congresses  (March  4, 
1815-March  3,  1821)  ;  died  in  Baskingridge,  N.  J., 
May  22,  1842. 

Southard,  Isaac,  a  Representative  from  New 
Jersey ;  born  in  New  Jersey ;  completed  prepara- 
tory studies;  held  several  local  offices;  elected 
as  a  Clay  Democrat  to  the  Twenty-second  Con- 
gress (March  4,  1831-March  3,  1833). 

Southard,  James  Harding,  a  Representative 
from  Ohio ;  born  in  Washington  township,  Lucas 
county,  Ohio,  January  20,  1851;  attended  the 
public  schools  and  was  graduated  from  Cornell 
University  in  1874 ;  studied  law,  and  was  admit- 
ted to  the  bar  in  1877;  assistant  prosecuting 
attorney  of  Lucas  county;  elected  prosecuting 
attorney  of  said  county;  elected  as  a  Repub- 
lican to  the  Fifty-fourth  and  to  the  five  succeed- 
ing Congresses  (March  4,  1895-March  3,  1907)  ; 
unsuccessful  candidate  >  for  reelection  to  the 
Sixtieth  Congress;  resumed  the  practice  of  law 
in  Toledo,  Ohio. 

Southard,  Milton  Isaiah,  a  Representative 
from  Ohio;  born  in  Hanover,  Ohio,  October  20, 
1836;  completed  preparatory  studies;  was  grad- 
uated from  Denison  university,  in  Granville, 
Ohio;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in 
1863,  and  commenced  practice  in  Toledo,  Ohio ; 
prosecuting  attorney  for  Muskingum  county,  Ohio  ; 
1867-1871;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Forty- 
third,  Forty-fourth,  and  Forty-fifth  Congresses 
(March  4,  1873-March  3,  1879)  ;  moved  to  New 
York  City  and  practiced  law;  died  in  Zanes- 
ville,  Ohio,  May  4,  1905. 

Southard,  Samuel  Lewis,  a  Senator  from 
New  Jersey ;  born  in  Baskinridge,  N.  J.,  June  9, 
1787 ;  was  graduated  from  Princeton  college  in 
1804;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and 
began  practice  in  Kensington,  N.  J. ;  deputy- 
attorney  for  several  years;  appointed  law  re- 
porter by  the  state  legislature;  served  one 
week  as  a  member  of  the  state  legislature, 
when  he  resigned  to  become  associate  justice  of 
the  supreme  court  of  New  Jersey ;  presidential 
elector  on  the  Monroe  and  Tompkins  ticket  in 
1820;  elected  as  a  Whig  to  the  United  States 
Senate  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  the  resig- 
nation of  James  J.  Wilson,  and  served  from 


1014 


CONGRESSIONAL   DIRECTORY. 


February  16,  1821,  to  March  3,  1823 ;  Secretary 
of  the  Navy  ad  interim ;  Secretary  of  the  Treas- 
ury ad  interim  March  7,  1825,  to  July  1,  1825; 
'  also  Secretary  of  War  ad  interim ;  attorney- 
general  of  Ne"w  Jersey ;  governor  of  New  Jersey 
in  1832;  again  elected  to  the  United  States 
Senate,  was  President  pro  tempore,  and  served 
from  December  2,  1833,  until  his  resignation, 
May  3,  1842;  died  in  Fredericksburg,  Va.,  June 
26,  1842. 

Southgate,  William  W.,  a  Representative 
from  Kentucky ;  a  native  of  Covington,  Ky. ;  com- 
pleted preparatory  studies ;  studied  law  and  was 
admitted  to  the  bar;  held  several  local  offices; 
elected  as  a  Whig  to  the  Twenty-fifth  Congress 
(March  4,  1837-March  3,  1839;  presidential 
elector  in  1840  and  1844 ;  died  in  Covington,  Ky., 
December  26,  1844. 

South. wick,  George  Newell,  a  Representative 
from  New  York ;  born  in  Albany,  N.  Y.,  March 
7,  1863 ;  attended  private  school  and  later  public 
schools;  was  graduated  from  the  Albany  high 
school  in  1879;  from  Williams  college  in  1884; 
attended  the  Albany  law  school ;  early  in  1885 
entered  the  service  of  the  Albany  Morning  Ex- 
press, in  both  an  editorial  and  a  reportorial  ca- 
pacity; official  reporter  of  the  legislature  for 
the  Associated  Press  in  1886,  1887,  and  1888 ;  in 
the  last-mentioned  year  became  managing  editor 
of  the  Morning  Express,  and  early  in  1889  of 
the  Albany  Evening  Journal ;  chairman  of  the 
Republican  state  convention  in  1896;  elected  as 
a  Republican  to  the  Fifty-fourth  and  Fifty- 
fifth  Congresses  (March  4,  1895-March  3,  1899)  ; 
unsuccessful  candidate  for  reelection  to  the 
Fifty-sixth  Congress ;  again  elected  to  the  Fifty- 
seventh,  and  to  the  four  succeeding  Congresses 
(March  4,  1901-March  3,  1911)  ;  died  in  Albany, 
N.  Y.,  October  17,  1912. 

Spaight,  Richard  Dobbs,  a  Delegate  and  a 
Representative  from  North  Carolina ;  born  in 
Newbern,  N.  C.,  March  25,  1758;  attended  the 
University  of  Glasgow ;  returned  home  in  1778 
and  joined  the  Continental  army  as  aid-de- 
camp to  General  Ca  swell ;  member  of  the  North 
Carolina  house  of  commons  1781-1786  and  1792 ; 
Delegate  in  the  Continental  Congress  1783- 
1785 ;  delegate  to  the  Federal  constitutional  con- 
Tention ;  governor  of  North  Carolina  in  1792 ; 
elected  to  the  Fifth  Congress  to  fill  vacancy 
caused  by  the  death  of  Nathan  Bryan ;  reelected 
to  the  Sixth  Congress  and  served  from  Decem- 
ber 10,  1798,  to  March  3,  1801;  member  of  the 
state  senate  1801-1802 ;  mortally  wounded  in  a 
duel  with  Henry  Stanley  and  died  September  6, 
1802,  in  Newbern,  N.  C. 

Spaight,  Richard  Dobbs,  a  Representative 
from  North  Carolina ;  born  in  Newbern,  N.  C., 
in  1796 ;  was  graduated  from  the  university  of 
North  Carolina  in  1815 ;  studied  law,  was  ad- 
mitted to  the  bar,  and  practiced  in  Newbern, 
N.  C. ;  elected  to  the  state  house  of  representa- 
tives, 1819-1820;  member  of  the  state  senate, 
1820-1822;  elected  to  the  Eighteenth  Congress 
(March  4,  1823-March  3.  1825)  :  again  a  mem- 
ber of  the  state  senate.  1824-1834;  governor  of 
North  Carolina,  1835-1837;  retired  to  his  farm 
and  devoted  himself  to  agricultural  pursuits; 
died  in  Newbern,  N.  C.,  November  2,  1850. 

Spalding,  Burleigh  Folsom,  a  Representative 
from  North  Dakota ;  born  in  Craftsbury,  Or- 
leans county,  Vt.,  December  3, 1853 ;  attended  the 


Lyndon  literary  institute,  Lyndon,  Vt.,  and  was 
graduated  from  Norwich  university  in  1877 : 
studied  law  in  Montpelier,  Vt.,  and  was  admitted 
to  the  bar  in  March,  1880,  and  commenced  prac- 
tice in  Fargo,  N.  Dak. ;  superintendent  of  public 
instruction  of  Cass  county,  Dakota  territory, 
from  1882  to  1884 ;  member  of  commission  to 
relocate  capital  of  the  territory  of  Dakota  and 
build  capitol ;  member  of  the  North  Dakota  con- 
stitutional convention  in  1889 ;  member  of  the 
joint  commission  provided  by  the  enabling  act 
to  divide  the  property  and  archives  of  the  ter- 
ritory of  Dakota  between  the  states  of  North 
and  South  Dakota ;  twice  elected  chairman  of 
the  Republican  state  central  committee ;  chair- 
man of  the  Cass  county  Republican  committee ; 
elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Fifty-sixth  Con- 
gress (March  4,  1899-March  3,  1901)  ;  reelected 
to  the  Fifty-eighth  Congress  (March  4,  1903- 
March  3,  1905)  ;  associate  justice  of  the  supreme 
court  of  North  Dakota  in  1907 ;  reelected  in 
1908;  chief  justice  of  the  state  supreme  court 
in  1911. 

Spalding,  George,  a  Representative  from 
Michigan ;  born  in  Scotland,  November  12,  1836 ; 
emigrated  with  his  parents  to  the  United  States 
in  1843 ;  settled  in  Buffalo,  N.  Y. ;  attended  the 
public  schools ;  accompanied  his  parents  to  Mon- 
roe, Mich. ;  taught  school  in  1860-1861 ;  mustered 
into  the  United  States  service  for  the  Civil  war 
June  20,  1861,  as  a  private  and  sergeant  in  com- 
pany A,  fourth  regiment  Michigan  volunteer  in- 
fantry; first  lieutenant  August  5,  1861;  captain 
January  13,  1862 ;  lieutenant  colonel  of  the 
eighteenth  Michigan  infantry  July  18,  1862; 
colonel  twelfth  Tennessee  cavalry  February  24, 
1864;  brevet  brigadier  general  of  volunteers 
March  21,  1865,  "  for  valuable  service  during  the 
campaign  in  Tennessee  " ;  mustered  out  of  serv- 
ice October  24,  1865;  postmaster  of  Monroe, 
Mich.,  1866-1870;  special  agent  of  the  Treasury 
Department  1871-1875 ;  mayor  of  Monroe,  Mich., 
1876;  president  of  the  board  of  education;  was 
admitted  to  the  bar  in  1878;  member  of  the 
board  of  control  State  Industrial  Home  for 
Girls  1885-1897 ;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the 
Fifty-fourth  and  Fifty-fifth  Congresses  (March 
4,  1895-March  3,  1899)  ;  again  appointed  post- 
master of  Monroe,  Mich. 

Spalding,  Rufus  Paine,  a  Representative  from 
Ohio;  born  in  West  Tisbury,  Mass.,  May  3, 
1798;  was  graduated  from  Yale  college  in  1817; 
studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  Little 
Rock,  Ark.,  and  began  practice  in  Trumbull 
county,  Ohio;  moved  to  Portage  county,  Ohio, 
in  1821 ;  member  of  the  state  legislature  of  Ohio, 
1839-1840  and  1841-1842;  served  one  term  as 
speaker  of  the  house;  judge  of  the  supreme  court 
of  Ohio,  1849-1852;  resumed  practice  of  law  in 
Cleveland,  Ohio ;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the 
Thirty-eighth,  Thirty-ninth,  and  Fortieth  Con- 
gresses (March  4,  1863-March  3,  1869)  ;  died  in 
Cleveland,  Ohio,  August  29,  1886. 

Spalding,  Thomas,  a  Representative  from 
Georgia ;  born  in  Frederica,  St.  Simons  island, 
Glynn  county,  Ga.,  March  26.  1774;  completed 
preparatory  studies ;  studied  law,  but  abandoned 
it  in  order  to  give  his  personal  attention  to  his 
large  estate;  elected  to  the  general  assembly  of 
Georgia ;  member  of  the  constitutional  conven- 
tion of  1798 ;  successfully  contested  the  election 
of  Cowles  Mead  to  the  Ninth  Congress  and  took 
his  seat  December  25,  1805,  and  served  until  his 


BIOGRAPHIES. 


1015 


resignation  in  1806 ;  member  of  the  state  senate ; 
commissioner  on  the  part  of  the  state  of  Geor- 
gia to  determine  the  boundary  line  between 
Georgia  and  the  Territory  of  Florida ;  president 
of  the  convention  at  Milledgeville  in  1850;  died 
on  his  way  homeward  at  the  residence  of  his 
son  near  Darien,  Ga.,  January  4,  1851. 

Spangler,  David,  a  Representative  from  Ohio ; 
born  in  Sharpsburg,  Washington  county,  Md., 
December  2,  1796 ;  moved  with  parents  to  Zanes- 
ville,  Ohio,  in  1802 ;  attended  public  schools ; 
elected  as  a  Whig  to  the  Twenty-third  and 
Twenty -fourth  Congresses  (March  4,  1833- 
March  3,  1837)  ;  died  in  Coshocton,  Ohio,  Octo- 
ber 18,  1856. 

Spang-ler,  Jacob,  a  Representative  from 
Pennsylvania ;  born  in  York,  Pa.,  in  1768 ;  re- 
ceived a  limited  schooling;  surveyor;  elected  as 
a  Whig  to  the  Fifteenth  Congress  and  served 
from  December  1,  1817,  until  his  resignation, 
April  20,  1818 ;  surveyor  general  of  Pennsyl- 
vania ;  died  in  York,  Pa.,  June  17,  1843. 

Sparkman,  Stephen  Milancthon,  a  Repre- 
sentative from  Florida ;  born  in  Hernando 
county,  Fla.,  July  29,  1849 ;  attended  the  com- 
mon schools ;  taught  school  for  three  years ; 
studied  law,  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in 
1872;  state  attorney  for  the  sixth  judicial  cir- 
cuit, 1878-1887;  member  of  the  state  and  con- 
gressional committees  from  1890  to  1892,  when 
he  was  elected  chairman ;  declined  the  position 
of  circuit  judge  for  the  sixth  judicial  circuit  in 
1888,  also  the  position  of  associate  judge  on  the 
supreme  court  bench  in  1891 ;  elected  as  a  Demo- 
crat to  the  Fifty-fourth  and  to  the  seven  suc- 
ceeding Congresses  (March  4,  1895-March  3, 
1911).  Reelected  to  the  Sixty-second  Congress. 

Sparks,  William  Andrew  Jackson,  a  Repre- 
sentative from  Illinois;  born  near  New  Albany, 
Ind.,  November  19,  1828 ;  moved  with  his  parents 
to  Illinois  itt-'~L8S6;  attended  country  schools; 
taught  school,  and  was  graduated  from  Mc- 
Keudree  college,  111.,  in  1850;  studied  law,  and 
was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1851 ;  United  States 
land  receiver  for  the  Edwardsville  (111.)  land 
office,  1853-1856 ;  Democratic  presidential  elector 
in  1856;  member  of  the  state  house  of  repre- 
sentatives in  1856  and  1857 ;  served  in  the  state 
senate,  1863  and  1864;  delegate  to  the  Demo- 
cratic national  convention  at  New  York  in  1868 ; 
elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Forty-fourth  and  to 
the  three  succeeding  Congresses  ( March  4,  1875- 
March  3,  1883)  ;  Commissioner  of  the  United 
States  General  Land  office,  1895  to  1898 ;  died  in 
St.  Louis,  Mo.,  May  7,  1904. 

Spaulding,  Elbridge  Gerry,  a  Representative 
from  New  York ;  born  in  Summer  Hill,  N.  Y.,  Feb- 
ruary 24,  1809 ;  completed  preparatory  studies ; 
studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and 
began  practice  in  Buffalo,  N.  Y. ;  mayor  of  Buf- 
falo in  1847  ;  member  of  the  state  house  of  repre- 
sentatives in  1848;  elected  as  a  Whig  to  the 
Thirty-first  Congress  (March  4.  1849-March  3, 
1851)  ;  treasurer  of  the  state  of  New  York,  1854- 
1855 ;  elected  as  a  Union  candidate  to  the  Thirty- 
sixth  and  Thirty -seventh  Congresses  (March  4, 
1859-March  3,  1863)  ;  returned  to  Buffalo,  N.  Y., 
where  he  organized  the  Farmers  and  Mechanics' 
national  bank  in  1864 ;  died  in  Buffalo,  N.  Y., 
May  5,  1897. 


Spaulding,  Oliver  Lyman,  a  Representative 
from  Michigan ;  born  in  Jaffrey,  N.  H.,  August 
2,  1833 ;  completed  preparatory  studies  and  was 
graduated  from  Oberlin  college,  Ohio,  in  1855; 
moved  to  Michigan  and  taught  school;  was  ad- 
mitted to  the  bar  in  1858,  and  began  practice  in 
St.  Johns,  Mich.;  regent  of  the  university  of 
Michigan ;  served  in  the  Union  army ;  captain 
in  the  twenty-third  regiment  Michigan  volun- 
teers August  1,  1862 ;  major  February  13,  1863 ; 
lieutenant  colonel  April  6,  1863 ;  colonel  April 
16,  1864 ;  brevet  brigadier  general  of  volunteers 
June  25,  1865,  "for  faithful  and  meritorious 
service  during  the  war " ;  honorably  mustered 
out  June  28,  1865 ;  resumed  the  practice  of  law 
in  St.  Johns,  Mich. ;  secretary  of  state  of  Michi- 
gan 1866-1870;  member  of  the  Republican  state 
committee,  1871-1878;  declined  the  position  of 
United  States  district  judge  of  the  Territory  of 
Utah  in  1871;  special  agent  of  United  States 
Treasury  department,  1875-1881;  elected  as  a 
Republican  to  the  Forty-seventh  Congress 
(March  4,  1881-March  3,  1883)  ;  chairman  of  the 
commission  sent  to  the  Sandwich  Islands,  to  in- 
vestigate alleged  violations  of  the  Hawaiian 
reciprocity  treaty  in  1883 ;  again  a  special  agent 
of  the  United  States  Treasury  in  1885,  and  1889- 
1890;  Assistant  Secretary  of  the  Treasury  1890- 
1893 ;  president  of  the  first  congress  of  American 
republics,  held  in  New  York  City  in  January, 
1903 ;  again  a  special  agent  of  the  United  States 
Treasury,  with  residence  in  Washington,  D.  C. 

Speed,  Thomas,  a  Representative  from  Ken- 
tucky; elected  to  the  Fifteenth  Congress  (March 
4,  1817-March  3,  1819). 

Speer,  Emory,  a  Representative  from  Georgia ; 
born  in  Culloden,  Monroe  county,  Ga.,  Septem- 
ber 3,  1848;  pursued  classical  studies,  and  was 
graduated  from  the  university  of  Georgia  in 
August,  1869;  studied  law  at  the  school  of  the 
university;  entered  the  Confederate  army  as  a 
volunteer  in  the  fifth  Kentucky  regiment,  Lewis 
brigade,  and  remained  with  that  command  until 
the  surrender  of  the  Confederate  forces ;  was  ad- 
mitted to  the  bar  in  1869,  and  began  practice  in 
Athens,  Ga. ;  solicitor-general  of  Georgia,  1873- 
1876;  unsuccessful  candidate  for  the  Forty-fifth 
Congress;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Forty- 
sixth  and  Forty-seventh  Congresses  (March  4, 
1879-March  3,  1883)  ;  United  States  attorney  for 
the  northern  district  of  Georgia,  1883-1885 ;  dis- 
trict judge  of  the  southern  federal  judicial  dis- 
trict of  Macon,  Ga. 

Speer,  Robert  Milton,  a  Representative  from 
Pennsylvania ;  born  in  Cassville,  Pa.,  September 
8,  1838 :  pursued  an  academic  course ;  studied 
law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  began  practice 
in  Huntingdon,  Pa.,  in  1859 ;  elected  as  a  Demo- 
crat to  the  Forty-second  and  Forty-third  Con- 
gresses (March  4,  1871-March  3,  1875)  ;  delegate 
to  the  Democratic  national  conventions  in  1872 
and  1880;  died  in  New  York  City,  January  17, 
1890. 

Speer,  Thomas  Jefferson,  a  Representative 
from  Georgia ;  born  in  Monroe  county,  Ga.,  Au- 
gust 31,  1837;  attended  common  schools;  mer- 
chant ;  held  several  offices  under  the  Confed- 
eracy; member  of  the  constitutional  convention 
in  1867-1868 ;  member  of  the  state  senate  1868- 
1870;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Forty- 
second  Congress  (March  4,  1871-March  3, 1873)  ; 
died  in  Barnesville,  Ga.,  August  18,  1872. 


1016 


CONGRESSIONAL   DIRECTORY. 


Speight,  Jesse,  a  Representative  from  North 
Carolina  and  a  Senator  from  Mississippi;  born 
in  Greene  county,  N.  C.,  September  22,  1795 ;  at- 
tended the  public  schools;  member  of  the  state 
house  of  representatives  and  served  as  speaker ; 
member  of  the  state  senate,  1823-1827 ;  elected 
to  the  Twenty-first  and  to  the  three  succeeding 
Congresses  (March  4,  1829-March  3,  1837)  ; 
moved  to  Plymouth,  Miss.;  elected  to  the  state 
house  of  representatives  and  chosen  speaker; 
elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  United  States 
Senate  from  Mississippi  and  served  from  March 
4,  1845,  until  his  death,  in  Columbus,  Miss., 
May  1,  1847. 

Spence,  John  Selby,  a  Representative  and  a 
Senator  from  Maryland;  born  near  Snow  Hill, 
Md.,  February  29,  1788;  completed  preparatory 
studies ;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar, 
and  practiced  in  Berlin,  Md. ;  held  several  local 
offices;  elected  to  the  Eighteenth  Congress 
(March  4,  1823-March  3,  1825)  ;  and  to  the 
Twenty-second  Congress  (March  4,  1831-March 
3,  1835)  ;  assistant  postmaster  general;  elected 
to  the  United  States  Senate  to  fill  vacancy 
caused  by  the  death  of  Robert  H.  Goldsborough, 
and  served  from  January  11,  1837,  to  October 
24,  1840,  when  he  died  in  Berlin,  Md. 

Spence,  Thomas  Asa,  a  Representative  from 
Maryland;  born  in  Accomac  county,  Ya.,  Feb- 
ruary 20,  1810;  was  graduated  from  Yale  col- 
lege in  1829;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the 
bar,  and  began  practicing  in  Snow  Hill,  Mo. ; 
held  several  local  offices;  elected  as  a  Whig  to 
the  Twenty-eighth  Congress  (March  4,  1843- 
March  3,  1845)  ;  assistant  attorney-general  for 
the  Post-Office  Department,  1872-1877;  died  in 
Washington,  D.  C.,  November  10,  1877. 

Spencer,  Ambrose,  a  Representative  from 
New  York;  born  in  Salisbury,  Conn.,  December 
13,  1765;  attended  Yale  college,  and  was  grad- 
uated from  Harvard  in  1763;  studied  law,  was 
admitted  to  the  bar,  and  began  practice  in  Hud- 
son, N.  Y. ;  city  clerk,  1786-1793 ;  elected  to  the 
state  assembly,  1793-1795;  member  of  the  state 
senate,  1795-1804;  assistant  attorney-general  in 
1796 ;  attorney -general  of  New  York  1802-1804  ; 
presidential  elector  in  1809;  justice  of  the  state 
supreme  court,  1804-1819,  and  chief  justice, 
1819-1823;  resumed  practice  of  law  in  Albany, 
N.  Y. ;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Twenty- 
first  Congress  (March  4,  1829-March  3,  1831)  ; 
mayor  of  Albany,  1824-1826;  president  of  the 
national  Whig  convention  at  Baltimore  in  1844 ; 
moved  to  Lyons,  N.  Y.,  in  1839  and  engaged  in 
agricultural  pursuits;  died  in  Lyons,  N.  Y., 
March  13,  1848. 

Spencer,  Elijah,  a  Representative  from  New 
York;  a  native  of  Columbia  county,  N.  Y. ;  re- 
ceived a  limited  education ;  member  of  the  state 
house  of  representatives  in  1819 ;  elected  to  the 
Seventeenth  Congress  (March  4,  1821-March  3, 
1823). 

Spencer,  George  Eliphaz,  a  Senator  from 
Alabama ;  born  in  Jfferson  county,  N.  Y.,  No- 
vember 1,  1836;  pursued  classical  studies;  at- 
tended Montreal  college,  Canada ;  moved  to 
Iowa ;  secretary  of  the  state  senate  in  1856 ; 
studied  law,  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in 
1857  and  began  practice;  entered  the  Union 
army  as  a  captain,  and  when  he  resigned  from 
the  service,  July  4,  1865,  was  brevetted  briga- 
dier-general for  gallantry  on  the  field ;  settled  in 


practice  in  Decatur,  Ala. ;  appointed  register  in 
bankruptcy  for  the  fourth  district  of  Alabama 
in  May,  1867 ;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the 
United  States  Senate ;  reelected  and  served  from 
July  25,  1868,  to  March  3,  1879;  retired  to  his 
ranch  in  Nevada;  died  in  Washington,  D.  C., 
February  19,  1893. 

Spencer,  James  B.,  a  Representative  from  New 
York ;  born  in  Salisbury,  Conn.,  April  26,  1781 ; 
received  a  limited  education ;  served  as  captain 
in  the  war  of  1812;  member  of  the  state  house 
of  representatives;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the 
Twenty-fifth  Congress  (March  4,  1837-March  3, 
1839)  ;  died  in  Fort  Covington,  N.  Y.,  March  26, 
1848. 

Spencer,  James  Grafton,  a  Representative 
from  Tennessee;  born  near  Port  Gibson,  Miss., 
September  13,  1844 ;  attended  Oakland  college  in 
1861 ;  entered  the  Confederate  army  as  a  private 
in  Cowan's  battery  of  light  artillery ;  served 
until  the  close  of  the  war ;  returned  to  his  home 
and  began  farming;  member  of  the  state  house 
of  representatives ;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the 
Fifty-fourth  Congress  (March  4,  1895-March  3, 
1897)  ;  engaged  in  the  real  estate  and  insurance 
business  near  Port  Gibson,  Miss. 

Spencer,  John  Canfield,  a  Representative  from 
New  York ;  born  in  Hudson,  N.  Y.,  January  8, 
1788 ;  was  graduated  from  Union  college  in  1806 ; 
studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1809, 
and  began  practice  in  Canandaigua,  N.  Y. ; 
served  in  the  war  of  1812 ;  postmaster  of  Canan- 
daigua, N.  Y. ;  judge-advocate  general  in  1813 ; 
assistant  attorney-general  for  western  New 
York  in  1815 ;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Fif- 
teenth Congress  (March  4.  1817-March  3,  1819)  ; 
member  of  the  state  assembly,  1820-1821,  and 
served  one  year  as  speaker;  served  in  the  state 
senate  1824-1828 ;  special  attorney  general  to 
prosecute  the  abductors  of  Morgan ;  again  a 
member  of  the  state  assembly  1831-1832 ;  secre- 
tary of  state  of  New  York  in  1839 ;  appointed 
Secretary  of  War  by  President  Tyler,  October 
12,  1841,  and  served  until  March  3,  1843;  Secre- 
tary of  the  Treasury  March  3,  1843,  to  May  2, 
1844,  when  he  resigned;  died  in  Albany,  N.  Y., 
May  18,  1855. 

Spencer,  Joseph,  a  Delegate  from  Connecticut ; 
born  in  East  Haddam,  Conn.,  October  3,  1714; 
completed  preparatory  studies ;  studied  law,  was 
admitted  to  the  bar,  and  practiced ;  held  several 
local  offices ;  judge  of  probate  in  1753 ;  served 
in  the  French  war  in  1758 ;  member  of  the  Con- 
necticut council  in  1776 ;  brigadier-general  in 
the  Continental  army ;  commissioned  major- 
general  August  9,  1776,  and  resigned  June  14, 
1778,  because  Congress  had  ordered  an  investi- 
gation of  his  military  conduct  in  1777 ;  Delegate 
to  the  Continental  Congress  in  1779 ;  member  of 
the  Connecticut  council  in  1780,  and  was  annu- 
ally reelected  until  his  death  in  East  Haddam, 
Conn.,  January  13,  1789. 

Spencer,  Richard,  a  Representative  from 
Maryland ;  born  in  "  Spencer  Hall,"  Talbot 
county,  Md.,  October  29,  1796;  attended  the 
common  schools;  studied  law  and  was  admitted 
to  the  bar  in  1819 ;  engaged  in  agricultural  pur- 
suits; member  of  the  state  house  of  representa- 
tives ;  engaged  in  literary  pursuits ;  elected  as  a 
Democrat  to  the  Twenty-first  Congress  (March 
4,  1829-March  3.  1831)  ;  died  in  "  Cottage  Hill," 
near  Mobile,  Ala.,  September  3,  1868. 


BIOGRAPHIES. 


1017 


Spencer,  William  B.,  a  Representative  from 
Louisiana ;  born  in  Catahoula  Parish,  La.,  Feb- 
ruary 5,  1835 ;  was  graduated  from  Centenary 
college,  also  from  the  law  department  of  the 
university  of  Louisiana ;  was  admitted  to  the 
bar,  and  practiced  in  Harrisonburg,  La.,  1857- 
1861 ;  served  in  the  Confederate  army ;  elected 
as  a  Democrat  (successfully  contested  the  elec- 
tion of  Frank  Morey  and  took  his  seat)  to  the 
Forty-fourth  Congress,  May  31,  1876,  and  served 
until  his  resignation,  January  8,  1877. 

Sperry,  Lewis,  a  Representative  from  Con- 
necticut; born  in  East  Windsor  Hill,  town  of 
South  Windsor,  Hartford  county,  Conn.,  Janu- 
ary 23,  1848;  attended  district  school  and  Mon- 
son  academy,  Monson,  Mass. ;  was  graduated 
from  Amherst  college  in  1873;  studied  law, 
was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  March,  1875,  and  com- 
menced practice  in  Hartford,  Conn. ;  member  of 
the  state  house  of  representatives  in  1876 ; 
elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Fifty-second  and 
Fifty -third  Congresses  (March  4,  1891-March  3, 
1895)  ;  resumed  the  practice  of  law  in  Hartford, 
Conn. 

Sperry,  Nehemiah  Day,  a  Representative 
from  Connecticut ;  born  in  Woodbridge,  New 
Haven  county,  Conn.,  July  10,  1827;  attended 
public  and  a  private  school ;  worked  on  a  farm 
and  in  a  mill ;  taught  school  for  several  years ; 
member  of  the  common  council  in  1853 ;  alder- 
man of  the  city  in  1854 ;  secretary  of  state  of 
Connecticut  in  1855-1856;  delegate  to  the  Repub- 
lican national  convention  in  1864 ;  member  of  the 
executive  committee  and  secretary  both  of  the 
national  and  executive  committees ;  chairman  of 
the  Republican  state  committee  for  a  series  of 
years;  chairman  of  the  recruiting  committee  of 
New  Haven  during  the  war ;  postmaster  of  New 
Haven,  1861-1885;  again  postmaster  from  1889 
to  1893;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Fifty- 
fourth  and  to  the  seven  succeeding  Congresses 
(March  4,  1895-March  3,  1911)  ;  died  in  New 
Haven,  Conn.,  November  13,  1911. 

Spight,  Thomas,  a  Representative  from  Mis- 
sissippi ;  born  in  Tippah  county,  Miss.,  October 
25,  1841 ;  attended  common  and  high  schools  of 
the  county,  and  the  college  in  Purdy,  Tenn,  also 
the  Lagrange  (Tenn.)  Synodical  college;  en- 
tered the  Confederate  army  as  a  private  and 
was  captain  of  his  company ;  taught  school  and 
engaged  in  agricultural  pursuits;  studied  law, 
was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  practiced  in  Ripley, 
Miss. ;  member  of  the  state  house  of  repre- 
sentatives, 1874-1880 ;  presidential  elector  on  the 
Hancock  ticket ;  district  attorney  of  the  third 
judicial  disti'ict;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the 
Fifty-fifth  Congress  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by 
the  resignation  of  William  V.  Sullivan:  reeleeted 
to  the  Fifty-sixth  and  to  the  five  succeeding 
Congresses  (March  4,  1899-March  3,  1905)  ;  re- 
sides in  Ripley,  Miss. 

Spink,  Solomon  Lewis,  a  Delegate  from  Da- 
kota ;  born  in  Whitehall.  N.  Y.,  March  20,  1831 ; 
completed  preparatory  studies;  taught  school 
several  years;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the 
bar,  and  began  practice  in  Burlington,  Iowa,  in 
1856;  moved  to  Paris,  111.,  in  1860  and  began  the 
publication  of  the  Prairie  Beacon ;  served  in  the 
state  legislature;  secretary  of  the  Territory  of 
Dakota,  1865-1869;  elected  as  a  Republican  a 
Delegate  to  the  Forty-first  Congress  (March  4, 
1869-March  3,  1871)  ;  resumed  the  practice  of 


law  in  Yankton,  S.  Dak.,  until  his  death  there 
September  22,  1881. 

Spinner,  Francis  Elias,  a  Representative  from 
New  York ;  born  in  German  Flats,  Herkimer 
county,  N.  Y.,  January  21,  1802;  pursued  class- 
ical studies;  engaged  in  banking;  entered  the 
state  militia  and  promoted  to  the  rank  of  major- 
general ;  held  several  public  oflices;  appointed 
deputy  sheriff  in  1829;  elected  sheriff  1835; 
elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Thirty-fourth, 
Thirty-fifth,  and  Thirty-sixth  Congresses  (March 
4,  1855-March  3,  1861)  ;  treasurer  of  the  United 
States  March  16,  1861,  until  his  resignation 
July  1,  1875;  suggested  and  successfully  urged 
the  employment  of  women  in  the  Treasury 
Department;  died  in  Jacksonville,  Fla.,  Decem- 
ber 31,  1890. 

Spinola,  Francis  B.,  a  Representative  from 
York ;  born  in  Stony  Brook,  Long  Island,  N.  Y., 
March  19,  1821 ;  attended  Quaker  Hill  academy, 
in  Dutchess  county ;  member  of  the  state  as- 
sembly; elected  to  the  state  senate;  appointed 
brigadier-general  of  volunteers  October  2,  1862, 
"  for  meritorious  conduct  in  recruiting  and  or- 
ganizing a  brigade  of  four  regiments,  and  ac- 
companying them  to  the  field ;  "  honorably  dis- 
charged from  the  service  August,  1865,  after 
having  been  twice  wounded;  delegate  to  the 
Democratic  national  convention  in  Charleston  in 
1860  and  alternate  to  the  Democratic  national 
convention  of  1884;  engaged  in  manufacturing 
business;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Fiftieth, 
Fifty-first,  and  Fifty-second  Congresses,  and 
served  from  March  4,  1887,  until  his  death  in 
Washington,  D.  C.,  April  12,  1891. 

Spooner,  Henry  Joshua,  a  Representative 
and  Senator  from  Rhode  Island ;  born  in  Provi- 
dence, R.  I.,  August  6,  1839 ;  attended  the  public 
schools ;  was  graduated  from  Brown  university 
in  1860 ;  studied  law ;  entered  the  Union  army 
in  1862  as  second  lieutenant  in  the  fourth  regi- 
ment Rhode  Island  volunteer  infantry ;  served 
in  the  armies  of  the  Potomac  and  the  James, 
and  mostly  in  the  ninth  army  corps;  soon  after 
the  battle  of  Antietam  was  promoted  to  first 
lieutenant  and  adjutant  of  the  same  regiment ; 
mustered  out  of  service  in  1865 ;  was  admitted  to 
the  bar  of  the  supreme  court  of  Rhode  Island  in 
1865  and  engaged  in  practice  in  Providence,  R.  I. ; 
commander  of  the  department  of  Rhode  Island, 
Grand  Army  of  the  Republic,  in  1877 ;  member 
of  the  general  assembly  of  Rhode  Island,  1875- 
1881,  and  served  as  speaker,  1879-1881;  elected 
as  a  Republican  to  the  Forty-seventh  Congress  to 
fill  vacancy  caused  by  the  resignation  of  Nelson 
W.  Aldrich ;  reelected  to  the  Forty-eighth  and  to 
the  three  succeeding  Congresses  (March  4,  1883- 
March  3,  1891)  ;  unsuccessful  candidate  for  re- 
election to  the  Fifty-second  Congress;  again  a 
member  of  the  general  assembly  of  Rhode  Island 
in  1902 ;  resumed  the  practice  of  law  in  Provi- 
dence, R.  I. 

Spooner,  John  Coit,  a  Senator  from  Wiscon- 
sin ;  born  in  Lawrenceburg,  Dearborn  county, 
Ind.,  January  6,  1843;  moved  with  his  parents 
to  Wisconsin  and  settled  in  Madison  June  1, 
1859;  was  graduated  from  the  university  of 
Wisconsin  in  1864;  private  in  company  D,  for- 
tieth regiment,  and  captain  of  company  A,  fif- 
tieth regiment,  Wisconsin  infantry  volunteers; 
brevetted  major  at  the  close  of  the  war;  private 
and  military  secretary  of  Governor  Lucius  Fair- 


1018 


CONGRESSIONAL   DIRECTORY. 


child,  of  Wisconsin;  studied  law,  admitted  to 
the  bar  in  1867,  and  practiced ;  assistant  at- 
torney-general of  the  state;  moved  to  Hudson 
and  practiced  law,  1870-1884 ;  member  of  the 
state  assembly  in  1872 ;  member  of  the  board  of 
regents  of  Wisconsin  university ;  elected  to  the 
United  States  Senate  and  served  from  March  4, 
1885,  to  March  3,  1891;  chairman  of  the  Wis- 
consin delegation  to  national  Republican  con- 
vention in  1888  and  in  1892;  unsuccessful  Re- 
publican candidate  for  governor  of  Wisconsin 
in  1892;  moved  from  Hudson  to  Madison  in 
1893;  again  elected  January  27,  1897,  to  the 
United  States  Senate  for  the  term  beginning 
March  4,  1897 ;  declined  the  position  of  Sec- 
retary of  the  Interior  tendered  by  President 
McKinley  in  1898;  declined  the  appointment  as 
member  of  the  United  States  and  British  Joint 
High  Commission  tendered  by  President  Mc- 
Kinley in  1898 ;  declined  the  position  of  Attor- 
ney General,  to  take  office  March  4,  1901,  ten- 
dered by  President  McKinley  January  3,  1901 ; 
reelected  for  the  term  beginning  March  4,  1903, 
and  served  until  his  resignation  April  30,  1907; 
located  in  New  York  City,  and  engaged  in  the 
practice  of  law. 

Sprague,  Charles  Franklin,  a  Representative 
from  Rhode  Island ;  born  in  Boston,  Mass.,  June 
10,  1857 ;  attended  the  public  schools,  and  was 
graduated  from  Harvard  university  in  1879; 
studied  law  at  the  Harvard  law  school  and  Bos- 
ton university,  and  was  admitted  to  Suffolk  bar ; 
member  of  the  common  council  of  Boston  in  1889 
and  1890;  member  of  the  state  house  of  repre- 
sentatives in  1891  and  1892 ;  member  of,  and 
latterly  chairman  of,  the  board  of  park  commis- 
sioners of  the  city  of  Boston  in  1893  and  1894 ; 
elected  to  the  Massachusetts  senate  in  1895  and 
1896;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Fifty-fifth 
and  Fifty-sixth  Congresses  (March  4,  1897- 
March  3,  1901)  ;  died  in  Providence,  R.  I.,  Janu- 
ary 30,  1902. 

Sprague,  Peleg,  a  Representative  from  New 
Hampshire;  born  in  Rochester,  Mass.,  December 
10,  1756 ;  was  graduated  from  Dartmouth  college 
in  1786;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar, 
and  began  practice  in  1787  in  New  Bedford, 
Mass. ;  moved  to  Keene,  N.  H. ;  solicitor  for 
Cheshire  county;  elected  to  the  Fifth  Congress 
to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  the  resignation  of  Jere- 
miah Smith,  and  served  from  December  15,  1797, 
to  March  3,  1799;  declined  a  renomination,  and 
died  in  April,  1800. 

Sprague,  Peleg,  a  Representative  and  a  Sen- 
ator from  Maine;  born  in  Duxbury,  Mass.,  April 
27,  1793 ;  was  graduated  from  Harvard  college 
in  1812 ;  studied  law  at  the  Litchfield  law  school, 
was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  began  practice  in 
Augusta,  and  later  in  Hallowell,  Me. ;  member  of 
the  state  house  of  representatives,  1821  and  1822 ; 
elected  as  a  Whig  to  the  Nineteenth  and  Twenti- 
eth Congresses  (March  4,  1823-March  3,  1829; 
elected  to  the  United  States  Senate  and  served 
from  March  4,  1829,  until  his  resignation,  Janu- 
ary 1,  1835 ;  resumed  practice  of  law  in  Boston 
in  1840;  presidential  elector  for  Harrison  and 
Tyler  in  1841;  United  States  district  judge  of 
Massachusetts,  1841-1865 ;  died  in  Boston,  Mass., 
October  13,  1880. 

Sprague,  William,  a  Representative  from 
Rhode  Island :  born  in  Cranston,  R.  I..  Novem- 
ber 3,  1799 ;  pursued  classical  studies ;  merchant ; 


member  of  the  state  assembly,  and  served  as 
speaker,  1832-1835 ;  elected  to  the  Twenty-fourth 
Congress  (March  4,  1835-March  3,  1837);  de- 
clined a  reelection ;  governor  of  Rhode  Island, 
1838-1839;  elected  to  the  United  States  Senate 
to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  the  death  of  Nathan  F. 
Dixon,  and  served  from  February  18,  1842,  until 
his  resignation,  January  17,  1844 ;  presidential 
elector  on  the  Taylor  and  Fillmore  ticket  in 
1848 ;  died  in  Providence,  R.  I.,  October  19, 1856. 

Sprague,  William,  a  Representative  from 
Michigan ;  born  in  Providence,  R.  I.,  February 
23,  1809;  attended  the  public  schools;  moved  to 
Michigan  and  settled  in  Kalamazoo ;  studied  the- 
ology and  was  ordained  as  a  minister ;  presiding 
elder  Methodist  Episcopal  church,  Kalamazoo 
district  1844-1848;  elected  as  a  Whig  to  the 
Thirty-first  Congress  (March  4,  1849-March  3, 
1851)  ;  retired  to  his  farm  near  Oshteino,  Mich. ; 
died  in  Kalamazoo,  Mich.,  September  19,  1868. 

Sprague,  William,  a  Senator  from  Rhode 
Island ;  born  in  Cranston,  R.  I.,  September  12, 
1830;  completed  preparatory  studies;  attended 
the  schools  of  Cranston  and  the  Irving  institute, 
Tarrytown,  N.  Y. ;  engaged  in  the  calico-printing 
business,  also  locomotive  manufacture ;  governor 
of  Rhode  Island,  1860,  1861,  and  1862 ;  served  in 
the  Union  army ;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the 
United  States  Senate ;  reelected  and  served  from 
March  4,  1863,  to  March  3,  1875;  retired  from 
public  life  and  engaged  in  agricultural  pursuits 
at  his  country  seat,  near  Narragausett  Pier,  R.  I. 

Sprague,  William  Peter,  a  Representative 
from  Ohio;  born  near  Malta,  Morgan  county, 
Ohio,  May  21,  1827;  received  a  limited  educa- 
tion; merchant;  engaged  in  banking  in  McCou- 
nellsville,  Ohio ;  member  of  the  state  senate, 
1860-1861  and  1862-1863;  elected  as  a  Republi- 
can to  the  Forty-second  and  Forty-third  Con- 
gresses (March  4,  1871-March  3,  1875) ;  died  in 
McConnellsville,  Ohio,  March  3,  1899. 

Sprigg,  James  C.,  a  Representative  from  Ken- 
tucky ;  a  na.tive  of  Maryland ;  completed  pre- 
paratory studies;  moved  to  Shelby ville,  Ky. ; 
held  several  local  offices;  elected  to  the  Twenty- 
seventh  Congress  (March  4,  1841-March  3, 
1843). 

Sprigg,  Michael  Cresap,  a  Representative 
from  Maryland ;  born  in  Frostburg,  Md. ;  com- 
pleted preparatory  studies;  held  several  local 
offices;  served  several  terms  in  the  state  legisla- 
ture; president  of  the  Chesapeake  and  Ohio  ca- 
nal company ;  presidential  elector  on  the  Monroe 
ticket  in  1820;  elected  to  the  Twentieth  and 
Twenty-first  Congresses  (March  4,  1827-March 
3,  1831)  ;  died  in  Cumberland,  Md.,  December  28, 
1845. 

Sprigg,  Richard,  jr.,  a  Representative  from 
Maryland ;  a  native  of  Maryland ;  elected  to  the 
Fourth  Congress  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  the 
resignation  of  Gabriel  Durall ;  reelected  to  the 
Fifth  Congress  and  served  from  May  6,  1796,  to 
March  3,  1799 ;  again  reelected  to  the  Seventh 
Congress  (March  4,  1801-March  3,  1803). 

Sprigg,  Thomas,  a  Representative  from  Mary- 
laud  ;  a  native  of  Maryland  ;  elected  to  the  Third 
and  Fourth  Congresses  (March  4,  1793-March  3, 
1797). 


BIOGEAPHIES. 


1019 


Sprigg,  William,  a  Representative  from  Mary- 
land ;  served  in  the  Seventh  Congress ;  resigned, 
and  succeeded  by  Walter  Bewie. 

Spriggs,  John  Thomas,  a  Representative 
from  New  York;  born  in  Peterborough,  North- 
amptonshire, England,  1827;  was  graduated 
from  Union  college;  studied  law,  was  admitted 
to  the  bar,  and  practiced ;  county  treasurer ;  dis- 
trict attorney  of  Oneida  county  ;  mayor  of  Utica ; 
elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Forty-eighth  and 
Forty-ninth  Congresses  (March  4,  1883-March 
3,  1887)  ;  died  December  23,  1888. 

Springer,  William  McKendree,  a  Representa- 
tive from  Illinois ;  born  in  New  Lebanon,  Sulli- 
van county,  Ind.,  May  30,  1836;  moved  to  Illi- 
nois with  his  parents  in  1848;  attended  Illinois 
college,  Jacksonville,  and  was  graduated  from 
the  University  of  Indiana,  Bloomington,  in 
1858 ;  studied  law,  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar 
in  1859;  secretary  of  the  state  constitutional 
convention  of  Illinois  in  1862;  member  of  the 
state  legislature  in  1871  and  1872;  elected  as  a 
Democrat  to  the  Forty-fourth  and  to  the  nine 
succeeding  Congresses  (March  4,  1875-March 
3,  1895)  ;  resumed  the  practice  of  law  in  Wash- 
ington, D.  C.,  after  the  expiration  of  his  term  in 
Congress ;  United  States  judge  for  the  northern 
district  of  Indian  territory ;  chief  justice  of  the 
United  States  court  of  appeals  of  Indian  terri- 
tory ;  resumed  the  practice  of  law  in  Washing- 
ton, D.  C.,  until  his  death  there,  December  4, 
1903. 

Spruance,  Presley,  a  Senator  from  Delaware ; 
born  in  Kent  county,  Del.,  September  11,  1785; 
manufacturer  in  Smyrna,  Del. ;  merchant ;  mem- 
ber of  the  state  constitutional  convention  of 
1831 ;  member  of  the  state  senate  and  served  as 
president ;  elected  as  a  Whig  to  the  United 
States  Senate,  and  served  from  March  4,  1847, 
to  March  3,  1853;  died  in  Smyrna,  Del.,  Febru- 
ary 13,  1863. 

Squire,  Watson  Carbosso,  a  Senator  from 
Washington;  born  in  Cape  Vincent,  Jefferson 
county,  N.  Y.,  May  18,  1838;  attended  Falley 
seminary,  Fulton,  N.  Y. ;  was  graduated  from 
the  Wesleyan  university,  in  Middletown,  Conn., 
in  1859;  principal  of  the  Moravia  institute  at 
Moravia,  N.  Y. ;  enlisted  in  company  F,  nine- 
teenth New  York  infantry,  in  1861,  for  three 
months'  service;  promoted  to  first  lieutenant; 
after  five  months'  service  was  mustered  out; 
studied  law,  was  graduated  from  the  Cleveland 
law  school  in  1862,  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar 
in  June,  1862;  raised  a  company  of  sharpshoot- 
ers, of  which  he  was  commissioned  captain;  in 
the  battles  of  Chicamauga,  Chattanooga,  Nash- 
ville, Resaca,  and  other  engagements;  made 
judge  advocate  of  the  district  of  Tennessee,  with 
headquarters  in  Nashville ;  subsequently  en- 
gaged with  the  Remington  Arms  Company ;  pur- 
chased large  interests  in  Washington  territory 
in  1876,  and  moved  to  Seattle  in  1879;  governor 
of  the  territory  of  Washington  July  2,  1884,  and 
served  three  years ;  elected  as  a  Republican  to 
the  United  States  Senate  November  21,  1889 ;  re- 
elected  in  1891,  and  served  from  November  20, 
1889,  to  March  3.  1897 ;  resumed  the  practice  of 
law  in  Seattle,  Wash. 

Stackhouse,  Eli  Thomas,  a  Representative 
from  South  Carolina ;  born  in  Marion  county, 
S.  C.,  March  27,  1824;  attended  the  country 
schools;  worked  on  his  father's  farm;  taught 


school ;  enlisted  in  the  Confederate  army  for  the 
civil  war;  served  in  Longstreet's  corps,  army 
northern  Virginia,  and  was  surrendered  as 
colonel  of  his  regiment ;  before  reconstruction 
was  three  times  elected  to  represent  his  county 
in  the  state  legislature;  elected  as  a  Democrat 
to  the  Fifty-second  Congress  and  served  from 
March  4,  1891,  until  his  death  in  Washington, 
D.  C.,  June  14,  1892. 

Stafford,  William  H.,  a  Representative  from 
Wisconsin;  born  in  Milwaukee,  Wis. ;  attended 
the  public  schools  and  Harvard  college;  was 
graduated  from  the  Harvard  law  school,  was 
admitted  to  the  bar,  and  practiced  in  Mil- 
waukee; elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Fifty- 
eighth  and  to  the  three  succeeding  Congresses 
(March  4,  1903-March  3,  1911)  ;  defeated  for 
renomination  in  1910. 

Stahle,  James  A.,  a  Representative  from 
Pennsylvania;  born  in  West  Manchester  town- 
ship, York  county,  Pa.,  January  11,  1830;  at- 
tended the  common  schools  and  pursued  an  aca- 
demic course;  enlisted  August  24,  1861,  as  cap- 
tain of  company  A,  eighty-seventh  Pennsylvania 
volunteers;  promoted  to  major  January  1, 
1863,  and  to  lieutenant  colonel  May  9,  1863; 
honorably  discharged  at  expiration  of  term  of 
service,  October  13,  1864;  deputy  collector  of 
internal  revenue  at  York ;  elected  as  a  Repub- 
lican to  the  Fifty-fourth  Congress  (March  4, 
1895-March  3,  1897) ;  resumed  farming. 

Stahlnecker,  William  Griggs,  a  Representa- 
tive from  New  York;  born  in  Auburn,  Cayuga 
county,  N.  Y.,  June  20,  1849;  pursued  an  aca- 
demic course;  engaged  in  mercantile  business; 
member  of  the  New  York  produce  exchange; 
mayor  of  Yonkers,  N.  Y.,  1884-1886 ;  delegate  to 
the  Democratic  state  convention  in  Saratoga, 
N.  Y.,  in  June,  1884;  delegate  to  the  national 
Democratic  convention  in  Chicago,  111.,  in  July, 
1884 ;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Forty-ninth 
and  to  the  three  succeeding  Congresses  (March 
4,  1885-March  3,  1893)  ;  died  in  Yonkers,  N.  Y., 
March  26,  1902. 

Stallings,  Jesse  Francis,  a  Representative 
from  Alabama ;  born  near  Manningham,  Butler 
county,  Ala.,  April  4,  1856 ;  completed  prepara- 
tory studies  and  was  graduated  from  the  uni- 
versity of  Alabama  in  1877 ;  studied  law  at  the 
law  school  of  the  university  of  Alabama,  was  ad- 
mitted to  the  bar  in  April,  1879,  and  commenced 
practice  in  Greenville,  Ala. ;  elected  by  the  legis- 
lature of  Alabama  solicitor  for  the  second  judi- 
cial circuit  in  November,  1886 ;  resigned  the  office 
of  solicitor  in  September,  1892;  delegate  to  the 
Democratic  national  convention  in  St.  Louis  in 
1888;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Fifty-third 
and  to  the  three  succeeding  Congresses  (March 
4,  1893-March  3,  1901 )  ;  resumed  the  practice  of 
law  and  is  a  resident  of  Birmingham,  Ala. 

Stall-worth,  James  Adams,  a  Representative 
from  Alabama ;  born  in  Conecuh  county,  Ala., 
April  7,  1822;  received  a  thorough  English  edu- 
cation ;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar, 
and  practiced ;  member  of  the  state  house  of  rep- 
resentatives; solicitor  of  the  second  judicial 
circuit  of  Alabama  in  1849  and  1853 ;  elected  as 
a  Democrat  to  the  Thirty-fifth  and  Thirty-sixth 
Congresses  and  served  from  March  4,  1857,  until 
January  21,  1861,  when  he  withdrew ;  died  near 


1020 


CONGRESSIONAL   DIRECTORY. 


Evergreen,    Conecuh    county,    Ala.,    August    31, 
1861. 

Stanard,  Edwin  Obed,  a  Representative 
from  Missouri ;  born  in  Newport,  N.  H.,  Janu- 
ary 5,  1832;  moved,  with  his  parents  to  the 
territory  of  Iowa ;  completed  preparatory 
studies;  went  to  St.  Louis,  Mo.;  taught  school 
three  terms  in  Illinois;  was  graduated  from  a 
commercial  college  in  St.  Louis  in  1855 ;  engaged 
in  the  commission  business  in  1856;  engaged  in 
milling  business  in  St.  Louis;  lieutenant  gov- 
ernor of  Missouri  for  two  years;  elected  as  a 
Republican  to  the  Forty-third  Congress  (March 
4,  1873-March  3,  1875)  ;  engaged  in  the  manu- 
facturing of  flour  in  St.  Louis,  Mo. 

Stanberry,  William,  a  Representative  from 
Ohio ;  born  in  Essex  county,  N.  J. ;  attended  the 
common  schools ;  moved  to  Ohio ;  held  several 
local  offices ;  elected  as  a  Jackson  Democrat  to 
the  Twentieth,  Twenty-first,  and  Twenty-second 
Congresses  (March  4,  1827-March  3,  1833)  ;  died 
in  Newark,  Ohio,  January  27,  1872. 

Standeford,  Elisha  David,  a  Representative 
from  Kentucky ;  boi'n  in  Jefferson  county,  Ky., 
December  28,  1831 ;  attended  the  common 
schools;  studied  medicine;  engaged  in  banking 
and  manufacturing ;  member  of  the  state  sen- 
ate in  1868  and  1871 ;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to 
the  Forty-third  Congress  (March  4,  1873-March 
3,  1875)  ;  president  of  the  Louisville,  Nashville 
and  Great  Southern  railroad  1875-1879 ;  died  in 
Louisville,  Ky.,  July  26,  1887. 

Standifer,  James,  a  Representative  from  Ten- 
nessee; elected  as  a  Whig  to  the  Eighteenth 
Congress  (March  4,  1823-March  3,  1825)  and 
to  the  Twenty-first  Congress  (March  4,  1829- 
March  3,  1831),  and  the  three  succeeding  Con- 
gresses; reelected  to  the  Twenty-fifth  Congress 
but  died  while  on  his  way  to  Washington,  D.  C., 
near  Kingston,  Tenn.,  August  24,  1837. 

Stanford,  Leland,  a  Senator  from  California ; 
born  in  Watervliet,  Albany  county,  N.  Y.,  March 
9, 1824 ;  pursued  an  academic  course ;  studied  law 
and  admitted  to  practice  in  the  supreme  court  of 
New  York;  moved  to  Port  Washington,  Wis. ; 
engaged  in  the  practice  of  law ;  moved  to  Cali- 
fornia in  1852,  where  he  became  associated  in 
business  with  his  brothers,  at  first  in  business 
at  Michigan  Bluffs,  and  in  1856  moved  to  San 
Francisco  to  engage  in  mercantile  pursuits  on  a 
large  scale;  delegate  to  the  national  Republican 
convention  at  Chicago  in  1860;  elected  governor 
of  California  and  served  from  December,  1861, 
to  December,  1863 ;  president  of  the  Central 
Pacific  railroad  company ;  elected  as  a  Repub- 
lican to  the  United  States  Senate,  and  served 
from  March  4,  1885,  until  his  death  in  Palo 
Alto,  Cal.,  June  21,  1893. 

Stanford,  Richard,  a  Representative  from 
North  Carolina ;  born  near  Vienna,  Dorchester 
county,  Md.,  March  2,  1767 ;  completed  prepara- 
tory studies ;  moved  to  North  Carolina  about 
1793  and  established  an  academy  in  Hawfields, 
Orange  county ;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the 
Fifth  Congress  and  to  the  nine  succeeding  Con- 
gresses and  served  from  March  4,  1797,  until 
his  death  in  Georgetown,  D.  C.,  April  9,  1816. 

Stanley,  Augustus  Owsley,  a  Representative 
from  Kentucky;  born  in  Shelbyville,  Shelby 
county,  Ky.,  May  21,  1867;  attended  the  State 
college,  Lexington,  Ky.,  and  was  graduated  from 


Center  College,  Danville,  Ky.,  in  1889 ;  professor 
of  belles-lettres  in  Christian  college  and  prin- 
cipal of  Marion  academy  1889-1894 ;  commenced 
the  practice  of  law  in  1894;  Democratic  presi- 
dential elector  in  1900 ;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to 
the  Fifty-eighth,  Fifty-ninth,  Sixtieth,  and  Sixty- 
first  Congresses  (March  4,  1903-March  3,  1911). 
Reelected  to  the  Sixty-second  Congress. 

Stanly,  Edward,  a  Representative  from  North 
Carolina;  born  in  Newbern,  N.  C.,  about  1811; 
was  graduated  from  the  American  Literary,  Sci- 
entific, and  Military  academy,  Norwich  univer- 
sity, in  1829 ;  studied  law  and  was  admitted  to 
the  bar  and  practiced  in  Beaufort,  N.  C. ;  mem- 
ber of  the  state  house  of  commons  and  served 
one  term  as  speaker ;  attorney  general  of  North 
Carolina  in  1847;  elected  as  a  Whig  to  the 
Twenty-fifth,  Twenty-sixth,  and  Twenty-seventh 
Congresses  (March  4,  1837-March  3,  1843)  ;  re- 
elected  to  the  Thirty-first  and  Thirty-second 
Congresses  (March  4,  1849-March  3,  1853)  ; 
moved  to  California  in  1853  and  practiced  law ; 
unsuccessful  candidate  for  governor  in  1857 ;  for 
a  few  months  military  governor  of  North  Caro- 
lina in  1862,  but  resigned  and  returned  to  Cali- 
fornia;  died  in  San  Francisco,  Cal.,  July  12, 
1872. 

Stanly,  John,  a  Representative  from  North 
Carolina;  born  in  Newbern,  N.  C.,  April  9,1774; 
member  of  the  state  house  of  commons  in  1798 
and  1799;  elected  to  the  Seventh  Congress 
(March  4,  1801-March  3,  1803)  ;  reelected  to  the 
Eleventh  Congress  (March  4,  1809-March  3, 
1811)  ;  again  a  member  of  the  house  of  com- 
mons of  North  Carolina,  1812-1815,  1818.  1819, 
1823,  1825,  and  1826;  died  in  Newbern,  N.  C., 
August  2,  1833. 

Stanton,  Benjamin,  a  Representative  from 
Ohio ;  born  in  Mount  Pleasant,  Jefferson  county, 
Ohio,  June  4,  1809 ;  studied  law ;  admitted  to  the 
bar,  and  in  1834  began  practice  in  Bellefon- 
taine;  member  of  the  state  senate  in  1841  and 
1842;  delegate  to  the  state  constitutional  con- 
vention ;  elected  as  a  Whig  to  the  Thirty-second 
Congress  (March  4.  1851-March  3,  1853)  ;  re- 
elected  to  the  Thirty-fourth,  Thirty-fifth,  and 
Thirty-sixth  Congresses  (March  4,  1855-March 

3,  1861)  ;  lieutenant  governor  of  Ohio  in  1862; 
moved  to  Wheeling,  W.  Va.,  and  resumed  the 
practice  of  law ;  died  in  Wheeling,  W.  Va.,  June 
2,  1872. 

Stanton,  Frederick  Perry,  a  Representative 
from  Tennessee;  born  in  Alexandria,  Va.,  De- 
cember 22,  1814 ;  pursued  classical  studies  and 
was  graduated  from  Columbian  college,  Wash- 
ington, D.  C.,  in  1833 ;  taught  school ;  studied 
law,  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  began  practice  in 
Memphis,  Tenn. ;  elected  to  the  Twenty-ninth 
and  to  the  succeeding  four  Congresses  (March 

4,  1845-March    3,    1855)  ;    governor    of   Kansas 
territory  1858-1861 ;  moved  to  Virginia  and  sub- 
sequently settled  in  Florida;  died  near  Ocala, 
Fla.,  June  4,  1894. 

Stanton,  Joseph,  a  Representative  and  Sena- 
tor from  Rhode  Island ;  born  in  Charlestown, 
R.  I.,  July  19,  1739 ;  served  in  the  expedition 
against  Canada  in  1759;  member  of  the  general 
assembly  of  Rhode  Island  1768-1774 ;  served  as 
colonel  in  the  Revolutionary  army;  delegate  to 
the  constitutional  convention  in  1790;  elected  as 
a  Democrat  to  the  United  States  Senate  and 
served  from  June  7,  1790,  to  March  3,  1793; 


BIOGRAPHIES. 


1021 


again  a  member  of  the  state  assembly  1794-1800 ; 
elected  to  the  Seventh,  Eighth,  and  Ninth  Con- 
gresses (March  4,  1801-March  3,  1S07)  ;  died  in 
Charlestown,  R.  L,  in  1807. 

Stanton,  Richard  Henry,  a  Representative 
from  Kentucky;  born  in  Alexandria,  Va.,  Sep- 
tember 9,  1812;  completed  preparatory  studies; 
attended  Alexandria  academy;  studied  law,  ad- 
mitted to  the  bar,  and  began  practice  in  Mays- 
ville,  Ky. ;  postmaster  at  Maysville ;  elected  as 
a  Democrat  to  the  Thirty-first,  Thirty-second, 
and  Thirty-third  Congresses  (March  4,  1849- 
March  3,  1855)  ;  presidential  elector  on  the 
Buchanan  ticket  in  1856;  state  attorney  for  his 
judicial  district  in  1858;  delegate  to  the  Demo- 
cratic national  convention  at  New  York  in 
1868;  elected  district  judge  1868-1874;  died  in 
Maysville,  Ky.,  November  10,  1891. 

Stanton,  William  H.,  a  Representative  from 
Pennsylvania ;  a  resident  of  Scranton,  Pa. ; 
elected  to  the  Forty-fourth  Congress,  to  fill 
vacancy  caused  by  the  resignation  of  Winthrop 
W.  Ketchum,  and  served  from  December  4,  1876, 
to  March  3,  1877. 

Starin,  John  Henry,  a  Representative  from 
New  York ;  born  in  Sammonsville,  Fulton 
county  (then  a  part  of  Montgomery  county), 
August  27,  1825;  pursued  an  academic  course; 
commenced  the  study  of  medicine  in  1842 ;  estab- 
lished and  conducted  the  drug  and  medicine 
business  in  Fultonville  from  1845  to  1858; 
postmaster  at  Fultonville,  N.  Y.,  1848-1852; 
largely  engaged  in  the  transportation  business 
through  the  city,  river  and  harbor,  and  waters 
of  Long  Island  Sound;  director  of  the  North 
River  Bank,  New  York  City,  and  the  Mohawk 
River  National  Bank;  interested  in  agriculture 
and  stock  raising;  elected  as  a  Republican  to 
the  Forty-fifth  and  Forty-sixth  Congresses 
(March  4,  1877-March  3,  1881)  ;  engaged  in 
railroading ;  member  of  the  New  York  City  rapid 
transit  commission;  died  in  New  York  City, 
March  22,  1909. 

Stark,  Benjamin,  a  Delegate  from  Oregon; 
born  in  New  Orleans,  La.,  June  26,  1820;  pur- 
sued classical  studies;  was  graduated  from  the 
Union  school,  New  London,  Conn.,  in  1835;  mer- 
chant ;  moved  to  Oregon  in  1845 ;  studied  law 
and  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1850;  member 
of  the  territorial  house  of  representatives  in 
1851 ;  member  of  the  state  house  of  representa- 
tives in  1860;  appointed  as  a  Democrat  to  the 
United  States  Senate  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by 
the  death  of  Edward  D.  Baker  and  served  from 
October  29,  1861,  to  September  12,  1862;  dele- 
gate from  Oregon  to  the  Democratic  national 
convention  in  1864 ;  moved  to  Connecticut ;  dele- 
gate from  Connecticut  to  the  Democratic  na- 
tional convention  at  New  York  City  in  1868 ;  died 
in  New  London,  Conn.,  October  10,  1898. 

Stark,  William  Ledyard,  a  Representative 
from  Nebraska  ;  born  in  Mystic,  New  London 
county,  Conn.,  July  29,  1853;  was  graduated 
from  the  Mystic  Valley  institute,  in  Mystic, 
Conn.,  in  1872 ;  afterwards  went  to  Wyoming, 
Stark  county,  111. ;  taught  school  and  clerked  in 
a  store;  attended  the  Union  college  of  law,  Chi- 
cago, 111.;  admitted  to  the  bar  by  the  supreme 
court  of  Illinois  in  January,  1878;  moved  to 
Aurora,  Nebr.,  in  February,  1878;  superintend- 
ent of  the  city  schools ;  deputy  district  attorney  ; 
judge  of  the  county  court  of  Hamilton  county, 


Nebr. ;  declined  further  nomination ;  served  as 
major  and  judge  advocate  general  of  the  Ne- 
braska national  guard;  elected  to  the  Fifty- 
fifth,  Fifty-sixth,  and  Fifty-seventh  Congresses 
(March  4,  1897-March  3,  1903),  being  the  can- 
didate of  the  People's,  Independent,  Democratic, 
and  Silver  Republican  parties;  retired  and  a 
resident  of  Aurora,  Nebr. 

Starkweather,  David  Austin,  a  Representa- 
tive from  Ohio;  born  in  Preston,  Conn.,  January 
21,  1802 ;  received  an  academic  education ;  stud- 
ied law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  began 
practice  in  Canton,  Ohio;  judge  of  one  of  the 
higher  courts  in  Stark  county,  Ohio;  member 
of  the  state  house  of  representatives  1833-1835 ; 
served  in  the  state  senate  1836-1838;  elected  as 
a  Democrat  to  the  Twenty-sixth  Congress 
(March  4,  1839-March  3,  1841)  ;  resumed  the 
practice  of  law  in  Cleveland,  Ohio ;  reelected  to 
the  Twenty-ninth  Congress  (March  4,  .1845- 
March  3,  1847)  ;  defeated  for  reelection  to  the 
Thirtieth  Congress;  presidential  elector  on  the 
Cass  and  Butler  ticket  in  1848;  United  States 
minister  to  Chile  1854-1857;  died  in  Cleveland, 
Ohio,  July  12,  1876. 

Starkweather,  George  Anson,  a  Representa- 
tive from  New  York ;  born  in  Preston,  Conn., 
May  19,  1794 ;  attended  the  common  schools,  and 
was  graduated  from  Union  college,  New  York, 
in  1819 ;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar, 
and  practiced  in  Cooperstown,  N.  Y. ;  elected  as 
a  Democrat  to  the  Thirtieth  Congress  (March  4, 
1847-March  3,  1849)  ;  resumed  the  practice  of 
law  in  Milwaukee,  Wis. ;  died  in  Cooperstown, 
N.  Y.,  October  15,  1879. 

Starkweather,  Henry  Howard,  a  Repre- 
sentative from  Connecticut ;  born  in  Preston, 
Conn.,  April  29,  1826 ;  attended  the  common 
schools;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar, 
and  practiced  in  Norwich,  Conn. ;  member  of  the 
state  legislature  in  1856 ;  delegate  to  the  Repub- 
lican national  conventions  of  1860  and  1868 ; 
postmaster  of  Norwich,  Conn. ;  elected  as  a  Re- 
publican to  the  Fortieth,  and  to  the  four  suc- 
ceeding Congresses,  and  served  from  March  4, 
1867,  until  his  death  in  Washington,  D.  C.,  Janu- 
ary 28,  1876. 

Starr,  John  Farson,  a  Representative  from 
New  Jersey;  born  in  Philadelphia,  Pa.,  March 
25,  1818;  completed  preparatory  studies; 
moved  to  Camden,  N.  J.,  in  1844;  merchant; 
elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Thirty-eighth 
and  Thirty-ninth  Congresses  (March  4,  1863- 
March  3,  1867)  ;  died  in  Atlantic  City,  N.  J., 
August  9,  1904. 

Stearns,  Asahel,  a  Representative  from 
Massachusetts;  born  in  Lunenburg,  Mass.,  June 
17,  1774;  was  graduated  from  Harvard  college 
in  1797;  studied  law,  admitted  to  the  bar,  and 
began  practice  in  Chelmsford,  Mass. ;  elected  to 
the  state  senate  to  fill  a  vacancy  February  4, 
1813;  moved  to  Charleston,  Mass.,  in  1815; 
elected  as  a  Federalist  to  the  Fourteenth  Con- 
gress (March  4,  1815-March  3,  1817)  ;  member 
of  the  state  house  of  representatives  1817 ;  pro- 
fessor of  law  at  Harvard  college  1817-1829; 
again  a  member  of  the  state  senate  1830-1831; 
died  in  Cambridge,  Mass.,  February  5,  1839. 

Stearns,  Ozora  Pierson,  a  Senator  from  Min- 
nesota ;  born  in  Dekalb,  Lawrence  county,  N.  Y., 
January  15,  1831;  attended  Oberliu  college  and 


1022 


CONGRESSIONAL   DIRECTORY. 


was  graduated  from  the  University  of  Michigan 
in  1858  and  from  the  law  department  of  that 
university  in  1860;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  and 
commenced  practice  in  Rochester,  Minn. ;  elected 
attorney  for  Olmstead  county  in  1861 ;  served  in 
the  Union  army  during  the  Civil  war  as  a  lieu- 
tenant in  the  ninth  Minnesota  infantry  and  as 
colonel  of  the  thirty-inth  United  States  colored 
troops;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  United 
States  Senate,  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  the 
death  of  Daniel  S.  Norton,  and  served  from 
January  18,  1871,  to  March  3,  1871;  died  in 
California  June  2,  1896. 

Stebbins,  Henry  G.,  a  Representative  from 
New  York;  born  in  New  York  in  1812;  com- 
pleted preparatory  studies ;  engaged  in  banking : 
elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Thirty-eighth  Con- 
gress, serving  from  March  4,  1863,  until  his 
resignation  October  24,  1864. 

Stedman,  William,  a  Representative  from 
Massachusetts ;  born  in  Cambridge,  Mass.,  Janu- 
ary 21,  1765;  was  graduated  from  Harvard  col- 
lege in  1784;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the 
bar,  and  in  1787  began  practice;  held  several 
local  offices ;  member  of  the  state  house  of  repre- 
sentatives in  1802 ;  elected  to  the  Eighth,  Ninth, 
Tenth,  and  Eleventh  Congresses  and  served  from 
March  4,  1803,  until  his  resignation,  July  16, 
1810;  died  in  Newburyport,  Mass.,  August  31, 
1831. 

Steele,  George  Washington,  a  Representative 
from  Indiana ;  born  in  Fayette  county,  Ind.,  De- 
cember 13,  1839;  attended  the  common  schools 
and  the  Ohio  Western  university,  in  Delaware, 
Ohio;  read  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and 
practiced  in  Hartford  City,  Ind. ;  enlisted  in  the 
eighth  Indiana  regiment,  but  could  not  be  mus- 
tered into  this  regiment  on  account  of  excess  in 
numbers;  mustered  into  the  twelfth  Indiana  on 
May  2,  1861,  and  served  in  this  regiment  and 
the  one  hundred  and  first  Indiana  until  the  close 
of  the  war — the  first  year  in  the  Army  of  the 
Potomac,  the  latter  three  in  the  Army  of  the 
Cumberland,  and  with  Sherman  to  the  sea ;  mus- 
tered out  as  lieutenant-colonel  in  July,  1865; 
commissioned  and  served  in  the  fourteenth 
United  States  infantry  from  February  23,  1866, 
to  February  1,  1876;  resigned  and  engaged  in 
farming  and  pork  packing  until  1882;  declined 
the  appointment  as  director  of  the  Union  Pacific 
Railroad;  first  governor  of  Oklahoma,  and  re- 
signed after  serving  twenty  mouths ;  elected  to 
the  Forty-seventh  and  to  the  three  succeeding 
Congresses  (March  4,  1881-March  3,  1889)  ;  re- 
elected  to  the  Fifty-fourth  and  to  the  three  suc- 
ceeding Congresses  (March  4,  1895-March  3, 
1903;  elected  governor  of  the  National  Military 
Home,  in  Maxion,  Ind.,  in  1903. 

Steele,  John,  a  Representative  from  North 
Carolina ;  born  in  Salisbury,  N.  C.,  November  1, 
1764 ;  completed  preparatory  studies ;  became  a 
farmer ;  member  of  the  state  house  of  commons 
in  1787-1788,  1794-1795,  1806,  1811,  and  1813; 
elected  as  a  Federalist  to  the  First  and  Second 
Congresses  ( March  4, 1789-March  3,  1793);  ap- 
pointed Comptroller  of  the  Treasury  July  1, 
1796;  reappointed  by  President  John  Adams  and 
resigned  December  15,  1802 ;  again  elected  to  the 
state  house  of  commons  and  died  the  same  day, 
August  14,  1815,  in  Salisbury,  N.  C. 

Steele,  John  B.,  a  Representative  from  New 
York;  born  in  Delhi,  N.  Y.,  March  28,  1814; 


was  graduated  from  Williams  college,  Massa- 
chusetts; studied  law,  admitted  to  the  bar,  and 
began  practice  in  Cooperstown,  N.  Y. ;  district 
attorney  for  Otsego  county ;  moved  to  Kingston ; 
judge  of  Ulster  county ;  elected  as  a  Democrat 
to  the  Thirty-seventh  and  Thirty-eighth  Con- 
gresses (March  4.  1861-March  3,  1865)  ;  died 
in  Kingston.  N.  Y.,  September  24,  1866. 

Steele,  John  Nevett,  a  Representative  from 
Maryland ;  born  in  Weston,  Dorchester  county, 
Md.,  February  22,  1796;  resided  in  Vienna^  com- 
pleted preparatory  studies;  elected  as  a  Whig 
to  the  Twenty-third  Congress,  to  fill  vacancy 
caused  by  the  death  of  Littleton  P.  Dennis;  re- 
elected  to  the  Twenty-fourth  Congress  and 
served  from  June  9,  1834,  to  March  3,  1837 ;  de- 
feated as  the  Whig  candidate  for  governor  of 
Maryland  in  1838;  died  in  Cambridge,  Md., 
August  13,  1853. 

Steele,  Walter  Leak,  a  Representative  from 
North  Carolina;  born  in  Steeles  Mills  (now 
Littles  Mills),  Richmond  county,  N.  C.,  April 
18,  1823;  attended  Randolph-Macon  college, 
Wake  Forest  college,  and  was  graduated  from 
the  University  of  North  Carolina  in  1844 ;  mem- 
ber of  the  state  house  of  commons  in  1846,  1848. 
1850,  and  1854 ;  served  in  the  state  senate  in 
1852  and  1858;  delegate  to  the  Democratic  na- 
tional conventions  in  Charleston  aud  Baltimore 
in  1860;  secretary  of  the  state  convention  of 
1861,  which  passed  the  ordinance  of  secession; 
elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Forty-fifth  and 
Forty-sixth  Congresses  (March  4,  1877-March 
3,  1881 )  ;  after  leaving  Congress  engaged  in  cot- 
ton manufacturing;  died  in  Baltimore,  Md., 
October  16,  1891;  interment  in  Rockingham, 
N.  C. 

Steele,  William  Gaston,  a  Representative 
from  New  Jersey;  born  in  Somerville,  Somerset 
county,  N.  J.,  December  17,  1820;  pursued  an 
academic  course ;  banker ;  elected  to  the  Thirty- 
seventh  and  Thirty-eighth  Congresses  (March  4, 
1861-March  3,  1865)  ;  died  in  Somerville,  Somer- 
set county,  N.  J.,  April  22,  1892. 

Steele,  William  Randolph,  a  Delegate  from 
Wyoming ;  born  in  New  York  City  July  24,  1842 ; 
completed  preparatory  studies ;  studied  law,  ad- 
mitted to  the  bar,  and  practiced ;  served  in  the 
Union  army ;  moved  to  Wyoming  territory ; 
elected  a  member  of  the  legislative  council  in 
1871  and  resigned  in  1873;  elected  as  a  Demo- 
crat to  the  Forty-third  and  Forty-fourth  Con- 
gresses (March  4,  1873-March  3,  1877)  ;  died 
in  Deadwood,  S.  Dak.,  November  30,  1901. 

Steenerson,  Halvor,  a  Representative  from 
Minnesota ;  born  in  Dane  county,  Wis.,  June  30, 
1852 ;  moved  with  his  parents  to  Houston  county, 
Minn. ;  attended  the  common  schools  and  the 
high  school  in  Rushford,  Minn. ;  studied  law 
at  Union  College  of  Law,  Chicago,  was  admitted 
to  the  bar  in  1878  and  commenced  practice; 
moved  to  Crookston,  Minn.,  in  April,  1880; 
county  attorney  1880-1882;  member  of  the  state 
senate  in  1883  and  1885;  delegate  to  the  Re- 
publican national  conventions  in  Chicago  in 
1884  and  1888;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the 
Fifty-eighth,  Fifty-ninth,  Sixtieth,  and  Sixty- 
first  Congresses  (March  4,  1903-March  3,  1911). 
Reelected  to  the  Sixty-second  Congress. 

Steenrod,  Lewis,  a  Representative  from  Vir- 
ginia ;  born  in  Ohio  comity,  Va.  (now  West  Vir- 


BIOGRAPHIES. 


1023 


giuia),  May  27,  1810;  attended  the  common 
schools;  elected  to  the  Twenty-sixth,  Twenty- 
seventh  ,and  Twenty-eighth  Congresses  (March 
4,  1839-March  3,  1845)  ;  died  near  Wheeling, 
Ohio  county,  W.  Va.,  October  3,  1862. 

Stenger,  William  Shearer,  a  Representative 
from  Pennsylvania ;  born  in  London,  Pa.,  Febru- 
ary 13.  1840 ;  was  graduated  from  Franklin  and 
Marshall  College,  Lancaster,  Pa.,  in  1858;  stud- 
ied law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  in  1860 
began  practice  in  Charnbersburg,  Pa. ;  district 
attorney  of  Franklin  county  1862-1871 ;  .elected 
as  a  Democrat  to  the  Forty-fourth  and  Forty- 
fifth  Congresses  (March  4,  1875-March  3,  1879; 
secretary  to  the  commonwealth  of  Pennsylvania, 
1883-1887 ;  resumed  the  practice  of  law  in  Phila- 
delphia, Pa. 

Stephens,  Abraham  F.,  a  Representative  from 
New  York;  born  near  New  City,  Rockland 
county,  N.  Y.,  February  18,  1796 ;  justice  of  the 
peace;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Thirty- 
second  Congress  (March  4,  1851-March  3,  1853)  ; 
died  in  Nyack,  N.  Y.,  November  25,  1859. 

Stephens,  Alexander  Hamilton,  a  Representa- 
tive from  Georgia;  born  near  Crawfordsville, 
Taliaferro  county,  Ga.,  February  11,  1812;  at- 
tended the  common  schools  and  was  graduated 
from  the  University  of  Georgia,  in  Athens,  in 
1832;  taught  school  eighteen  months;  studied 
law  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  Crawfords- 
ville in  1834 ;  member  of  the  state  house  of  rep- 
resentatives 1836-1840;  member  of  the  state 
senate  in  1842;  elected  to  the  secession  conven- 
tion of  Georgia  in  1861 ;  elected  by  that  conven- 
tion to  the  Confederate  Congress  at  Montgomery, 
Ala.,  February  4,  1861,  and  chosen  vice  presi- 
dent under  the  provisional  government  by  that 
Congress;  elected  vice  president  of  the  Confed- 
eracy ;  one  of  the  commissioners  on  the  part  of 
the  Confederacy  at  the  Hampton  Roads  confer- 
ence in  February,  1865;  elected  to  the  Twenty- 
eighth  Congress,  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  the 
resignation  of  Mark  A.  Cooper ;  reelected  to  the 
Twenty-ninth,  and  to  the  six  succeeding  Con- 
gresses and  served  from  December  4,  1843,  to 
March  3,  1859;  elected  to  the  United  States 
Senate  in  1866  by  the  first  legislature  convened 
under  the  new  constitution,  but  was  not  allowed 
to  take  his  seat ;  elected  to  the  Forty-third  Con- 
gress, to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  the  death  of 
Ambrose  R.  Wright;  reelected  as  a  Democrat  to 
the  Forty-fourth,  Forty-fifth,  Forty-sixth,  and 
Forty-seventh  Congresses  and  served  from  De- 
cember 1,  1873,  until  his  resignation,  November 
4,  1882;  elected  governor  of  Georgia  in  1882; 
died  in  Atlanta,  Ga.,  March  4,  1883. 

Stephens,  John  Hall,  a  Representative  from 
Texas;  born  in  Shelby  county,  Tex.;  attended 
the  common  schools  in  Mansfield,  Tarrant 
county,  Tex.,  and  was  graduated  from  the  law 
department  of  Cumberland  University,  Lebanon, 
Tenn.,  in  June,  1872 ;  admitted  to  the  bar,  and 
practiced  in  Montague,  Montague  county,  and 
Vernon,  Wilbarger  county,  Tex. ;  member  of  the 
state  senate  in  1889-1892;  resumed  the  practice 
of  law  in  Vernon,  Tex. ;  elected  as  a  Democrat 
to  the  Fifty-fifth,  and  to  the  seven  succeeding 
Congresses  (March  4,  1897-March  3,  1913).  Re- 
elected  to  the  Sixty-second  Congress. 

Stephens,  Philander,  a  Representative  from 
'Pennsylvania;  born  in  Montrose,  Pa.,  in  1788; 
received  a  limited  education ;  elected  as  a  Jack- 


son Democrat  to  the  Twenty-first  and  Twenty- 
second  Congresses  (March  4,  1829-March  3, 
1833)  ;  died  in  Springfield,  Pa.,  July  8,  1842. 

Stephenson,  Benjamin,  a  Delegate  from  Illi- 
nois; a  native  of  Kentucky;  in  1809  moved  to 
Illinois  and  located  in  Randolph  county;  held 
several  local  offices ;  served  in  the  war  of  1812 ; 
elected  to  the  Thirteenth  Congress,  to  fill  va- 
cancy caused  by  the  resignation  of  Shadrack 
Bond ;  reelected  to  the  Fourteenth  Congress  and 
served  from  November  14,  1814,  to  March  3, 
1817. 

Stephenson,  Isaac,  a  Representative  and  a 
Senator  from  Wisconsin ;  born  near  Fredericton, 
York  county,  New  Brunswick,  June  18,  1829; 
attended  the  common  schools;  lumberman, 
farmer,  and  banker;  moved  to  Milwaukee,  Wis., 
in  1845,  and  engaged  in  the  lumber  trade  in 
Escanaba,  Mich. ;  moved  to  Marinette  in  1858 ; 
held  various  local  offices;  member  of  the  Wis- 
consin legislature  in  1866  and  1868 ;  elected  as  a 
Republican  to  the  Forty-eighth,  Forty-ninth,  and 
Fiftieth  Congresses  (March  4,  1883-March  3, 
1889)  ;  resumed  the  lumber  business  in  Mari- 
nette, Wis. ;  elected  to  the  United  States  Senate 
May  17,  1907,  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  the  resig- 
nation of  John  C.  Spooner ;  reelected  for  the 
term  expiring  March  3,  1915. 

Stephenson,  James,  a  Representative  from 
Virginia ;  born  in  Gettysburg,  Pa.,  March  20, 
1764:  moved  to  Martinsburg,  Va.  (now  West 
Virginia)  ;  volunteer  rifleman  under  General  St. 
Clair  in  his  Indian  expedition  in  1791 ;  brigade 
inspector ;  member  of  the  state  assembly  in  1800, 
1801,  and  1802;  elected  as  a  Federalist  to  the 
Eighth  Congress  (March  4,  1803-March  3, 1805)  ; 
reelected  to  the  Eleventh  Congress  (March  4, 
1809-March  3,  1811 )  ;  again  elected  to  the  Sev- 
enteenth Congress,  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  the 
death  of  Thomas  Van  Swearingeu ;  reelected  to 
the  Eighteenth  Congress,  and  served  from  De- 
cember 2,  1822,  until  March  3,  1825;  died  in 
Martinsburg,  W.  Va.,  August  7,  1833. 

Stephenson,  Samuel  Merritt,  a  Representa- 
tive from  Michigan;  born  in  Hartland,  Carltou 
county,  New  Brunswick,  December  23,  1831 ; 
moved  with  his  parents  to  Maine;  moved  to 
Delta  county,  Mich.,  in  1846  and  engaged  in 
lumbering ;  moved  to  Menoniinee,  Mich.,  in  1858 ; 
largely  interested  in  real  estate,  lumbering,  gen- 
eral merchandising,  and  farming;  chairman  of 
the  board  of  supervisors  of  Menoniinee  county 
for  several  years ;  member  of  the  state  house  of 
representatives  1877-1878;  elected  to  the  state 
senate  1879-1880,  and  1885-1886;  Republican 
presidential  elector  in  1880;  delegate  in  the  Re- 
publican national  conventions  of  1884  and  1888; 
elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Fifty-first,  Fifty- 
second,  Fifty-third,  and  Fifty-fourth  Congresses 
(March  4,  1889-March  3,  1897)  ;  died  in  Me- 
nominee,  Mich.,  July  31,  1907. 

Sterigere,  John  B.,  a  Representative  from 
Pennsylvania;  born  in  Upper  Dublin,  Pa.; 
moved  to  Morristown ;  completed  preparatory 
studies;  held  several  local  offices;  elected  as  a 
Jackson  Democrat  to  the  Twentieth  and  Twenty- 
first  Congresses  (March  4,  1827-March  3,  1831). 

Sterling,  Ansel,  a  Representative  from  Con- 
necticut; born  in  Lyiue,  Conn.,  February  3, 
1782;  resided  in  Sharon;  elected  to  the  Seven- 
teenth and  Eighteenth  Congresses  (March  4, 


1024 


CONGRESSIONAL   DIRECTORY. 


1821-March   3,   1825)  ;    died   in    Sharon,    Conn., 
November  6,  1S53. 

Sterling1,  John  Allen,  a  Representative  from 
Illinois;  born  near  Leroy,  111.,  February  1,  1857; 
attended  the  public  schools,  and  was  graduated 
from  the  Illinois  western  university  in  1881 ; 
superintendent  of  the  public  schools  of  Lexing- 
ton, 111.,  1881-1883 ;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in 
December,  1884,  and  commenced  practice  in 
Bloomington ;  state's  attorney  of  McLean  county 
1892-1896 ;  member  of  the  Republican  state  cen- 
tral committee  of  Illinois  1896-1898;  elected  as 
a  Republican  to  the  Fifty-eighth,  Fifty-ninth, 
Sixtieth,  and  Sixty-first  Congresses  (March  4, 
1903-March  3,  1911).  Reelected  to  the  Sixty- 
second  Congress. 

Sterling,  Micah,  a  Representative  from  New 
York ;  born  in  Lyme,  Conn.,  November  5,  1784 ; 
was  graduated  from  Yale  College  in  1804 ;  stud- 
ied law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  began 
practice  in  Adams,  Conn. ;  moved  to  Watertown. 
N.  Y. ;  held  several  local  offices ;  elected  to  the 
Seventeenth  Congress  (March  4,  1821-March  3, 
1823)  ;  died  in  Watertown,  N.  Y.,  April  10,  1844. 

Sterrett,  Samuel,  a  Representative  from 
Maryland ;  born  in  that  state  in  1756 ;  completed 
preparatory  studies,  studied  law,  admitted  to 
the  bar,  and  began  practice  in  Baltimore,  Md. ; 
held  several  local  offices;  elected  to  the  Second 
Congress  (March  4,  1791-March  3,  1793)  ;  died 
in  Baltimore,  Md.,  July  12,  1833. 

Stetson,  Charles,  a  Representative  from 
Maine;  born  in  New  Ipswich,  N.  H.,  November 
2,  1801 ;  moved  with  his  parents  to  Hampden, 
Me.,  in  1802 ;  attended  Hampden  academy  and 
was  graduated  from  Yale  college  in  1823 ;  stud- 
ied law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  began 
practice  in  Hampden  in  1826 ;  held  a  number  of 
local  offices ;  moved  to  Bangor,  Me.,  in  1833 ; 
judge  of  the  Bangor  municipal  court  1834-1839 ; 
member  of  the  state  executive  council  1845- 
1848;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Thirty-first 
Congress  (March  4,  1849-March  3,  1851)  ;  died 
in  Bangor,  Me.,  March  27,  1883. 

Stetson,  Lemuel,  a  Representative  from  New 
York;  a  native  of  that  state;  completed  prepara- 
tory studies,  studied  law,  admitted  to  the  bar, 
and  began  practice  in  Keeseville;  member  of 
the  state  house  of  representatives;  elected  as  a 
Democrat  to  the  Twenty-eighth  Congress  ( March 
4,  1843-March  3,  1845)  ;  judge  of  Clinton  county 
1847-1851 ;  again  a  member  of  the  state  house 
of  representatives. 

Stevens,  Aaron  Fletcher,  a  Representative 
from  New  Hampshire;  born  in  Derry,  N.  H., 
August  9,  1819 ;  completed  preparatory  studies, 
studied  law,  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar ; 
served  four  terms  in  the  state  legislature;  held 
several  local  offices;  served  in  the  Union  army 
as  major  of  the  first  New  Hampshire  volunteer 
infantry  and  brigadier-general  by  brevet ;  elected 
as  a  Republican  to  the  Fortieth  and  Forty-first 
Congresses  (March  4,  1867-March  3,  1871)  ; 
again  elected  to  the  state  legislature  and  served 
several  terms;  died  in  Nashua,  N.  H.,  May  10, 
1887. 

Stevens,  Bradford  Newcomb,  a  Representa- 
tive from  Illinois;  born  in  Boscawen,  N.  H., 
January  3,  1813 ;  was  graduated  from  Dartmouth 
College  in  1835 ;  taught  school  six  years ;  moved 
to  Bureau  county,  111.,  in  1846 ;  merchant  and 


a  farmer ;  held  several  county  offices ;  elected  as 
an  independent  Democrat  to  the  Forty-second 
Congress  (March  4,  1871-March  3,  1873)  ;  died 
in  Tiskilna,  111.,  November  10,  1885. 

Stevens,  Charles  Abbot,  a  Representative 
from  Massachusetts ;  born  in  Andover,  Mass.,  Au- 
gust 9,  1816;  manufacturer  of  flannels  and 
broadcloths  in  Ware,  Mass. ;  elected  as  a  Repub- 
lican to  the  Forty-third  Congress,  to  fill  vacancy 
caused  by  the  death  of  Alvah  Crocker  and  served 
from  January  27,  1875,  to  March  3,  1875 ;  'died 
August  5,  1892. 

Stevens,  Frederick  Clement,  a  Representative 
from  Minnesota ;  born  in  Boston,  Mass.,  Janu- 
ary 1,  1861 ;  attended  the  common  schools  of 
Rockland,  Me.,  and  was  graduated  from  Bow- 
doin  college,  Brunswick,  Me.,  in  1881,  and  from 
the  law  school  of  the  University  of  Iowa  in 
1884 ;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1884  and  com- 
menced practice  in  St.  Paul,  Minn. ;  member  of 
the  state  house  of  representatives,  1888-1889 
and  1890-1891;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the 
Fifty-fifth,  and  to  the  six  succeeding  Congresses 
(March  4,  1897-March  3,  1911).  Reelected  to 
the  Sixty-second  Congress. 

Stevens,  Hester  Lockhart,  a  Representative 
from  Michigan ;  born  in  Lima,  Livingston 
county,  N.  Y.,  October  1,  1803;  completed  pre- 
paratory studies ;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to 
the  bar,  and  began  practice  in  Rochester,  N.  Y. ; 
major-general  of  militia  of  western  New  York ; 
moved  to  Pontiac,  Mich. ;  elected  as  a  Democrat 
to  the  Thirty-third  Congress  (March  4,  1853- 
March  3,  1855)  ;  resumed  the  practice  of  law  in 
Washington,  D.  C. ;  died  in  Georgetown,  D.  C., 
May  7,  1864. 

Stevens,  Hiram  S.,  a  Delegate  from  Arizona  ; 
born  in  Weston,  Vt,  in  1832 ;  received  a  lim- 
ited education;  located  in  that  part  of  New 
Mexico  now  Arizona  in  1856;  member  of  the 
territorial  legislature  of  Arizona  1868-1873 ; 
elected  as  an  Independent  to  the  Forty-fourth 
and  Forty-fifth  Congresses  (March  4,  1875- 
March  3,  1879). 

Stevens,  Isaac  Ing-alls,  a  Delegate  from 
Washington  Territory;  born  in  Andover,  Mass., 
March  25,  1818;  was  graduated  from  West 
Point  in  1839;  entered  the  Corps  of  Engineers; 
served  on  the  staff  of  General  Scott  in  Mexico ; 
an  assistant  in  the  Coast  Survey;  governor  of 
Washington  territory  1853-1857;  elected  as  a 
Democrat  to  the  Thirty-fifth  and  Thirty-sixth 
Congresses  (March  4,  1857-March  3,  1861)  ; 
entered  the  Union  army  as  a  colonel  of  the 
seventy -ninth  New  York  Highlanders;  ap- 
pointed brigadier-general,  major-general,  and 
commanded  a  division ;  killed  at  the  battle  of 
Chantilly,  Va.,  September  1,  1862. 

Stevens,  James,  a  Representative  from  Con- 
necticut; born  in  Fail-field,  Conn.,  in  1768; 
elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Sixteenth  Con- 
gress (March  4,  1819-March  3,  1821)  ;  post- 
master at  Stamford,  Conn.,  in  1822;  died  in 
Stamford,  Conn.,  April  16,  1835. 

Stevens,  John,  a  Delegate  from  New  Jersey ; 
born  in  New  York  City  about  1708;  studied 
law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  -and  practiced; 
commissioner  to  define  boundary  line  between 
New  York  and  New  Jersey ;  vice  president  of 
the  council  of  New  Jersey,  1776-1782;  elected 


BIOGRAPHIES. 


1025 


to  the  Continental  Congress  in  1784 ;  presided 
over  the  state  constitutional  convention,  De- 
cember 18,  1787 ;  died  in  May,  1792. 

Stevens,  Moses  Tyler,  a  Representative  from 
Massachusetts;  born  in  North  Andover,  Essex 
county,  Mass.,  October  10,  1825;  was  graduated 
from  Phillips  academy,  Andover,  in  1842 ;  at- 
tended Dartmouth  college  and  left  that  insti- 
tution in  1843  to  learn  business  of  manu- 
facturing woolen  goods,  and  engaged  in  that 
business  in  North  Andover ;  member  of  the 
state  house  of  representatives  in  1861 ;  served 
in  the  state  senate  in  1868 ;  president  of  An- 
dover National  Bank ;  elected  as  a  Democrat 
to  the  Fifty-second  and  Fifty-third  Congresses 
(March  4,  1891-March  3,  1895)  ;  died  in  North 
Andover,  Mass.,  March  25,  1907. 

Stevens,  Eobert  Smith,  a  Representative  from 
New  York ;  born  in  Attica,  Wyoming  county, 
N.  Y.,  March  27,  1824;  pursued  an  academic 
course;  studied  law,  and  was  admitted  to 
the  bar  in  1856;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the 
Forty-eighth  Congress  (March  4,  1883-March  3, 
1885)  ;  after  the  expiration  of  his  term  in  Con- 
gress retired  from  public  life  on  account  of  ill 
health ;  died  in  Attica,  N.  Y.,  February  23,  1893. 

Stevens,  Thaddeus,  a  Representative  from 
Pennsylvania ;  born  in  Danville,  Vt.,  April  4, 
1793 ;  attended  Peacham  academy  and  the  uni- 
versity of  Vermont,  and  was  graduated  from 
Dartmouth  college;  moved  to  Pennsylvania  in 
1814 ;  studied  law,  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  be- 
gan practice  in  Gettysburg;  member  of  the  state 
house  of  representatives  1833-1835,  1837,  and 
1841 ;  member  of  the  state  constitutional  con- 
vention in  1838 ;  appointed  a  canal  commissioner 
in  3838;  moved  to  Lancaster,  Pa.,  in  1842;  elect- 
ed as  a  Whig  to  the  Thirty-first  and  Thirty- 
second  Congresses  (March  4.  1849-March  3, 
1853)  ;  reelected  to  the  Thirty-sixth,  Thirty-sev- 
enth, Thirty-eighth,  Thirty-ninth,  and  Fortieth 
Congresses,  and  served  from  March  4,  1859,  un- 
til his  death ;  chairman  of  the  managers  on  the 
part  of  the  House  of  Representatives  in  the  im- 
peachment trial  of  President  Andrew  Johnson ; 
died  in  Washington,  D.  C.,  August  11,  1868; 
interment  in  Lancaster,  Pa. 

Stevenson,  Adlai  Ewing-,  a  Representative 
from  Illinois;  born  in  Christian  county,  Ky., 
October  23,  1835 ;  moved  with  his  parents  to 
Bloomington,  111.,  in  1852;  attended  the  Illinois 
Wesleytt  n  university  and  Centre  college,  Ken- 
tucky ;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1858 ;  master 
in  chancery  1860-1864;  district  attorney  1865- 
1868 ;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Forty-fourth 
Congress  (March  4,  1875-March  3.  1877)  ;  re- 
elected  to  the  Forty-sixth  Congress  (March  4, 
1879-March  3,  1881)  ;  delegate  to  the  national 
Democratic  conventions  1884  and  1892;  First 
Assistant  Postmaster  General  1885-1889;  Vice- 
President  of  the  United  States  1893-1897 ;  mem- 
ber of  the  commission  to  Europe  to  try  to  secure 
international  bimetallism  in  1897;  unsuccessful 
Democratic  candidate  for  Vice  President  of  the 
United  States  in  1900  and  for  governor  of  Illi- 
nois in  1908 ;  retired  and  a  resident  of  Blooming- 
ton,  111. 

Stevenson,  Andrew,  a  Representative  from 
Virginia;  born  in  Culpeper  county,  Va.,  in  1784: 
pursued  classical  studies ;  studied  law,  admitted 
to  the  bar,  and  began  practice  in  Richmond,  Va. ; 
member  of  the  state  house  of  representatives 

50346°— S.  Doc.  654,  61-2 65 


1804-1820;  speaker  of  the  house  of  representa- 
tives several  years;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to 
the  Eighteenth  and  to  the  five  succeeding  Con- 
gresses, and  served  from  March  4,  1823,  until 
his  resignation,  June  2.  1834 ;  served  as  Speaker 
of  the  National  House  of  Representatives  1827- 
1834 ;  minister  to  Great  Britain  1836-1841 ;  died 
at  his  home,  "  Blenheim,"  hi  Albernarle  county, 
Va.,  January  25,  1857. 

Stevenson,  James  S.,  a  Representative  from 
Pennsylvania ;  born  in  York  county,  Pa. ;  com- 
pleted preparatory  studies;  studied  law,  ad- 
mitted to  the  bar,  and  practiced;  held  several 
local  offices ;  elected  to  the  Nineteenth  and  Twen- 
tieth Congresses  (March  4,  1825-March  3,  1829)  ; 
died  in  Pittsburgh,  Pa.,  October  17,  1831. 

Stevenson,  Job  Evans,  a  Representative  from 
Ohio ;  born  in  Ross  county,  Ohio,  February  10, 
1832 ;  completed  preparatory  studies ;  studied 
law  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar;  member  of 
the  state  senate  1863-1865;  moved  to  Cincin- 
nati, Ohio,  in  1865;  elected  as  a  Republican  to 
the  Forty-first  and  Forty-second  Congresses 
(March  4,  1869-March  3,  1873);  resumed  the 
practice  of  law  in  Cincinnati,  Ohio ;  retired 
from  the  practice  of  his  profession  and  resides 
in  Lexington,  Ky. 

Stevenson,  John  White,  a  Representative  and 
a  Senator  from  Kentucky ;  born  in  Richmond, 
Va.,  May  14,  1812;  attended  Hampden-Sydney 
academy  and  was  graduated  from  the  Univer- 
sity of  Virginia  in  1832;  was  admitted  to  the 
bar  and  commenced  practice  in  Covington,  Ky., 
in  1841 ;  county  attorney ;  member  of  the  state 
legislature  1845-1847 ;  member  of  the  Kentucky 
constitutional  convention  of  1849 ;  delegate  to 
the  Democratic  national  conventions  of  1848, 
1852,  and  1856 ;  Democratic  presidential  elector 
in  1852  and  1856;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the 
Thirty-fifth  and  Thirty-sixth  Congresses  (March 
4,  1857-March  3,  1861;  elected  lieutenant- 
governor  of  Kentucky  in  1867 ;  elected  governor 
in  1868;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  United 
States  Senate  and  served  from  March  4,  1871,  to 
March  3,  1877 ;  chairman  of  the  Democratic  na- 
tional convention  at  Cincinnati,  Ohio,  in  1880; 
died  in  Covington,  Ky.,  August  10,  1886. 

Steward,  Lewis,  a  Representatives  from  Illi- 
nois ;  born  in  Wayne  county,  Pa.,  November  20, 
1824 ;  attended  the  common  schools ;  moved  with 
his  parents  in  1838  to  Kendall  county,  111. ;  stud- 
ied law  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar ;  engaged 
in  farming  and  manufacturing ;  Democratic  can- 
didate for  governor  in  1876 ;  elected  as  a  Demo- 
crat to  the  Fifty-second  Congress  (March  4, 
1891-March  3,  1893)  ;  died  in  Piano,  111.,  August 
27,  1896. 

Stewart,  Alexander,  a  Representative  from 
Wisconsin ;  born  in  Frederic-ton,  York  county, 
New  Brunswick,  September  12, 1829 ;  attended  the 
common  schools;  moved  to  Marathon  county  in 
1849  and  settled  where  the  city  of  Wausau  is 
now  located,  and  engaged  in  the  lumber  busi- 
ness; elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Fifty- 
fourth,  Fifty-fifth,  and  Fifty-sixth  Congresses 
(March  4,  1895-March  3,  1901)  ;  died  in  Wash- 
ington, D.  C.,  May  24,  1912. 

Stewart,  Andrew,  a  Representative  from 
Pennsylvania :  born  in  Fayette  county,  Pa.,  June 
11,  1791;  received  a  good  schooling;  studied  law, 
was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1815,  and  began  prac- 


1026 


CONGRESSIONAL   DIRECTORY. 


tice  in  Uuiontown,  Pa.;  United  States  attorney 
for  the  western  district  of  Pennsylvania ;  mem- 
ber of  the  state  house  of  representatives ;  elected 
as  a  Democrat  to  the  Seventeenth,  Eighteenth, 
Nineteenth,  and  Twentieth  Congresses  ( March  4, 
1821-March  3,  1829)  ;  reelected  to  the  Twenty- 
second  and  Twenty-third  Congresses  (March  4, 
1831-March  3,  1835);  defeated  for  reelection; 
again  elected  to  the  Twenty-eighth,  Twenty- 
ninth,  and  Thirtieth  Congresses  (March  4,  1843- 
March  3,  1849)  ;  died  in  Uniontown,  Pa.,  July 
16,  1872. 

Stewart,  Andrew,  jr.,  a  Representative  from 
Pennsylvania ;  born  in  Uniontown,  Fayette 
county,  Pa.,  April  6,  1836;  attended  Sewickley 
Academy  and  Madison  College ;  studied  medicine 
and  attended  Jefferson  Medical  College,  Phila- 
delphia, Pa. ;  enlisted  as  a  private  in  the  eighty- 
fifth  Pennsylvania  volunteer  regiment  and 
served  as  first  lieutenant;  regimental  adjutant, 
December  1,  1861 ;  captain,  assistant  adjutant- 
general,  September  1,  1862 ;  breveted  major  of 
volunteers  for  gallant  service  at  Plymouth,  N.  C., 
and  lieutenant-colonel  of  Volunteers  October  25, 
1865,  for  meritorious  service  during  the  war; 
honorably  mustered  out  February  2,  1866;  was 
confined  in  Libby,  Macon,  Charleston,  Columbia, 
and  other  southern  prisons  for  over  a  year; 
delegate  to  the  Republican  national  convention 
in  Cincinnati;  presented  credentials  as  a  Re- 
publican Member-elect  to  the  Fifty-second  Con- 
gress and  served  from  March  4,  1891,  until 
February  26,  1892,  when  he  was  succeeded  by 
Alexander  K.  Craig,  who  contested  his  election. 

Stewart,  Archibald,  a  Delegate  from  New 
Jersey;  elected  to  the  Continental  Congress 
1784-1785. 

Stewart,  Charles,  a  Representative  from  Ten- 
nessee; born  in  Memphis,  Tenn.,  May  30,  1836; 
attended  the  common  schools ;  studied  law,  ad- 
mitted to  the  bar,  and  began  practice  in  Houston, 
Tex. ;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Forty-eighth, 
Forty-ninth,  Fiftieth,  Fifty-first,  and  Fifty- 
second  Congresses  (March  4,  1885-March  3, 
1893)  ;  after  his  retirement  from  Congress  re- 
sumed the  practice  of  law;  died  September  21, 
1895. 

Stewart,  David,  a  Senator  from  Maryland ; 
born  in  Baltimore,  Md.,  September  13,  1800; 
completed  preparatory  studies;  studied  law, 
was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  practiced ;  ap- 
pointed to  the  United  States  Senate  to  fill  va- 
cancy caused  by  the  resignation  of  Reverdy 
Johnson,  and  served  from  December  6,  1849, 
to  January  14,  1850;  died  in  Baltimore,  Md., 
January  5,  1858. 

Stewart,  Jacob  Henry,  a  Representative 
from  Minnesota;  born  in  Clermont,  N.  Y.,  Janu- 
ary 15,  1829 ;  moved  with  his  parents  to  Peeks- 
kill,  N.  Y. ;  attended  the  common  schools ;  stud- 
ied medicine  and  was  graduated  from  the  Uni- 
versity Medical  College  of  New  York  City; 
moved  to  St.  Paul,  Minn.,  in  1855 ;  member  of 
the  state  senate  1858-1859;  surgeon  in  the 
Union  army;  captured  at  the  first  battle  of 
Bull  Run,  paroled,  and  allowed  to  care  for 
wounded  at  Sudley  Church  hospital;  mayor  of 
St.  Paul  in  1864,  1868,  1872-1874;  postmaster 
at  St.  Paul  1865-1870;  elected  as  a  Republican 
to  the  Forty-fifth  Congress  (March  4,  1877- 
March  3,  1879)  ;  died  in  St.  Paul,  Minn.,  Au- 
gust 25,  1884. 


Stewart,  James,  a  Representative  from  North 
Carolina ;  born  in  that  state  in  1770 ;  attended 
the  common  schools;  elected  to  the  Fifteenth 
Congress  (March  4,  1817-March  3,  1819)  ;  died 
February  3,  1842. 

Stewart,  James  Augustus,  a  Representative 
from  Maryland ;  born  in  Dorchester  county, 
Md.,  November  24,  1808;  completed  prepara- 
tory studies;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the 
bar,  and  began  practice  in  Cambridge,  Md. ; 
member  of  the  state  house  of  representatives; 
elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Thirty-fourth, 
Thirty-fifth,  and  Thirty-sixth  Congresses  ( March 
4,  1855-March  3,  1861)  ;  member  of  the  court  of 
appeals  of  Maryland ;  chief  justice  of  the  circuit 
court  of  appeals  from  1867  until  his  death;  died 
in  Cambridge,  Md.,  April  3,  1879. 

Stewart,  James  Fleming,  a  Representative 
from  New  York ;  born  in  Paterson,  N.  J.,  June 
15,  1851 ;  attended  public  and  private  schools 
in  Paterson  and  was  graduated  from  the  Uni- 
versity of  the  City  of  New  York  in  1870;  ad- 
mitted to  the  bar  and  practiced  in  New  York 
City  until  1875;  three  times  appointed  recorder 
of  Paterson,  N.  J.  (the  criminal  magistrate  of 
the  city)  ;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Fifty- 
fourth,  and  to  the  three  succeeding  Congresses 
(March  4,  1895-March  3,  1903)  ;  resumed  the 
practice  of  law  in  Paterson,  N.  J.,  and  died 
there  January  21,  1904. 

Stewart,  John,  a  Representative  from  Penn- 
sylvania ;  elected  to  the  Sixth  Congress,  to  fill 
vacancy  caused  by  the  death  of  Thomas  Hartly ; 
reelected  to  the  Seventh  and  Eighth  Congresses 
and  served  from  February  3,  1801,  to  March  3, 
1805. 

Stewart,  John,  a  Representative  from  Con- 
necticut; born  in  Chatham,  Conn.,  February  10, 
1795 ;  completed  preparatory  studies ;  farmer ; 
studied  law  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar ;  mem- 
ber of  the  state  legislature ;  judge  of  the  county 
court ;  elected  to  the  Twenty-eighth  Congress 
(March  4,  1843-March  3,  1845)  ;  died  in  Chat- 
ham, Conn.,  September  16,  1860. 

Stewart,  John  David,  a  Representative  from 
Georgia ;  born  in  Fayette  county,  Ga.,  August  2, 
1833 ;  attended  the  common  schools  and  Mar- 
shall college;  taught  school  two  years  in 
Griffin ;  studied  law  and  was  admitted  to  the 
bar  in  1856;  elected  probate  judge  and  served 
as  such  five  years;  lieutenant  and  captain  in 
the  thirteenth  Georgia  regiment  during  the 
civil  war ;  member  of  the  Georgia  legislature 
1865-1867;  ordained  a  minister  of  the  Baptist 
Church  in  1871;  mayor  of  Griffin,  Ga.,  1875- 
1876;  judge  of  the  superior  court  from  Novem- 
ber 7,  1879,  until  January  1,  1886;  resigned  to 
become  a  candidate  for  Congress;  elected  as  a 
Democrat  to  the  Fiftieth  and  Fifty-first  Con- 
gresses (March  4,  1887-March  3,  1891)  ;  died  in 
Griffin,  Ga.,  January  28,  1894. 

Stewart,  John  Knox,  a  Representative  from 
New  York ;  born  in  Perth,  Fulton  county,  N.  Y., 
October  20,  1853;  moved  with  his  parents  to 
Amsterdam ;  attended  the  public  schools  and 
Amsterdam  Academy ;  sewer  commissioner  of 
the  city ;  for  a  long  time  a  director  of  the 
Farmers'  National  Bank  of  Amsterdam  and 
the  Chuctanunda  Gas  Light  Company ;  also  vice 
president  of  the  Amsterdam  Board  of  Trade; 
member  of  the  state  assembly  1889 ;  elected  as  a 


BIOGEAPHIES. 


1027 


Republican  to  the  Fifty-sixth  and  Fifty-seventh 
Congresses  (March  4,  1899-March  3,  1903). 

Stewart,  John  Wolcott,  a  Representative  and 
a  Senator  from  Vermont ;  born  in  Middlebury, 
Vt..  November  24, 1825 ;  was  graduated  from  Mid- 
dlebury college  in  1846 ;  studied  law  and  was 
admitted  to  the  bar  in  1850;  prosecuting  attor- 
ney of  the  county  three  years;  member  of  the 
state  house  of  representatives  eight  years  and 
speaker  of  the  house  four  years;  member  of  the 
state  senate  two  years;  governor  of  Vermont, 
1870-1872 ;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Forty- 
eighth,  Forty-ninth,  Fiftieth,  and  Fifty-first 
Congresses  (March  4,  1883-March  3,  1891)  ;  ap- 
pointed to  the  United  States  Senate  March  24, 
1908,  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  the  death  of  Red- 
field  Proctor,  and  served  from  March  24,  1908, 
until  October  21,  1908;  retired  and  resides  in 
Middlebury,  Vt. 

Stewart,  Thomas  Elliott,  a  Representative 
from  New  York ;  born  in  New  York  City,  Sep- 
tember 22,  1824;  completed  preparatory  studies, 
studied  law,  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar;  held 
several  local  offices;  member  of  the  board  of 
education ;  Park  commissioner ;  member  of  the 
state  assembly  in  1865  and  1866;  elected  to  the 
Fortieth  Congress  (March  4,  1867-March  3, 
1869)  ;  died  in  New  York  City,  January  9,  1904; 
interment  in  New  Milford,  Conn. 

Stewart,  William,  a  Representative  from 
Pennsylvania ;  born  in  Mercer.  Pa.,  September 
16,  1811 ;  was  graduated  from  Jefferson  college ; 
studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  began 
practice  in  Mercer,  Pa. ;  member  of  the  state 
senate  for  three  years ;  elected  as  a  Republican 
to  the  Thirty-fifth  and  Thirty-sixth  Congresses 
(March  4,  1857-March  3,  1861)  ;  died  in  Mercer, 
Pa.,  October  17,  1876. 

Stewart,  William  Morris,  a  Senator  from 
Nevada ;  born  in  Lyons,  Wayne  county,  N.  Y., 
August  9,  1827 ;  moved  with  his  parents  to  Me- 
sopotamia township,  Trumbull  county,  Ohio ;  at- 
tended Lyons  union  school  and  Farmington 
academy ;  teacher  of  mathematics  in  the  former 
school ;  attended  Yale  college,  1849-1850 ;  moved 
to  San  Francisco,  Cal.,  in  May,  1850;  engaged 
in  mining  in  Nevada  county;  studied  law  and 
was  admitted  to  the  bar ;  district  attorney  in 
1852 ;  attorney  general  of  California  in  1854 ; 
moved  to  Virginia  City,  Nev.,  in  1860 ;  engaged  in 
early  mining  litigation  and  in  the  development 
of  the  Comstock  lode;  member  of  the  territorial 
council  in  1861 ;  member  of  the  constitutional 
convention  in  1863 ;  elected  as  a  Republican  to 
the  United  States  Senate  in  1864 ;  reelected  in 
1869  and  served  from  December  15,  1864,  to 
March  3,  1875 ;  resumed  the  practice  of  law  in 
Nevada,  California,  and  the  Pacific  coast  gen- 
erally; reelected  as  a  Republican  to  the  United 
States  Senate  in  1887,  1893,  and  1899,  and  served 
from  March  4,  1887,  to  March  3,  1905;  declined 
further  election ;  died  in  Washington,  D.  C., 
April  23,  1909. 

Stiles,  John  Dodson,  a  Representative  from 
Pennsylvania  ;  born  in  Luzerne  county,  Pa.,  Janu- 
ary 15,  1823;  completed  preparatory  studies, 
studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  in 
1844  commenced  practice;  held  several  local 
offices ;  delegate  to  the  national  Republican  con- 
vention in  1856,  to  the  Philadelphia  national 
Union  convention  in  1866,  and  the  Democratic 
national  convention  in  1868;  elected  as  a  Demo- 


crat to  the  Thirty-seventh  Congress,  to  fill  va- 
cancy caused  by  the  death  of  Thomas  B.  Cooper  ; 
reelected  to  the  Thirty-eighth  Congress,  and 
served  from  June  3,  1862,  to  March  3,  1865; 
again  elected  to  the  Forty-first  Congress  (March 
4,  1869-March  3,  1871)  ;  died  in  Allentown,  Pa., 
in  October,  1896. 

Stiles,  William  H.,  a  Representative  from 
Georgia ;  born  in  Savannah,  Ga.,  in  January, 
1808;  completed  preparatory  studies,  studied 
law,  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  began  practice  in 
Savannah;  solicitor  general  for  the  eastern  dis- 
trict of  Georgia  1833-1836;  elected  as  a  Demo- 
crat to  the  Twenty -eighth  Congress  (March  4, 
1843-March  3,  1845)  ;  charge  d'affaires  to  Aus- 
tria 1845-1849 ;  served  -in  the  Confederate  army 
as  colonel ;  died  in  Savannah,  Ga.,  December  20, 
1865. 

Stillwell,  Thomas  N.,  a  Representative  from 
Indiana;  born  in  Stillwell,  Ohio,  August  29, 
1830;  received  a  thorough  English  education; 
studied  law,  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  began 
practice  in  Anderson,  Ind. ;  member  of  the  state 
legislature  in  1836 ;  served  in  the  Union  army ; 
elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Thirty-ninth  Con- 
gress (March  4,  1865-March  3,  1867)  ;  minister 
resident  to  Venezuela  1867-1868 ;  died  in  Ander- 
son, Ind.,  January  14,  1874. 

Stivers,  Moses  Dunning,  a  Representative 
from  New  York ;  born  near  Beemerville,  Sussex 
county,  N.  J.,  December  30,  1828;  attended 
Mount  Retirement  seminary,  in  Wantage,  Sus- 
sex county,  N.  J. ;  taught  school ;  engaged  in 
mercantile  pursuits  for  seven  years;  county 
clerk  of  Orange  county  1864-1867;  collector  of 
United  States  internal  revenue  for  the  eleventh 
district  of  New  York ;  proprietor  of  the  Orange 
county  Press  in  1868 ;  also  one  of  the  proprietors 
and  editors  of  the  Middletown  Daily  Press; 
delegate  to  the  national  Republican  convention 
in  1880;  president  of  the  New  York  State  Press 
Association  in  1887;  trustee  and  secretary  of 
the  Middletown  Savings  Bank;  director  of  the 
Merchants  and  Manufacturers'  National  Bank 
of  Middletown ;  unsuccessful  Republican  candi- 
date for  Congress  in  1884;  elected  as  a  Repub- 
lican to  the  Fifty-first  Congress  (March  4,  1889- 
March  3,  1891)  ;  died  in  Middletown,  N.  Y., 
February  2,  1895. 

Stockbridge,  Francis  Brown,  a  Senator  from 
Michigan;  born  in  Bath,  Me.,  April  9,  1826;  at- 
tended the  common  schools ;  clerk  in  a  wholesale 
house  in  Boston  1843-1847;  moved  to  Chicago 
and  opened  a  lumber  yard ;  interested  in  saw- 
mills in  Saugatuck,  Mich.,  in  1851 ;  moved  to 
Kalamazoo,  Mich.,  in  1863;  elected  to  the  state 
legislature  In  1869;  member  of  the  state  senate 
in  1871;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  United 
States  Senate  in  1887;  reelected  in  1893,  and 
served  from  March  4,  1887,  until  his  death  in 
Chicago,  111.,  April  30,  1894. 

Stockbridge,  Henry,  jr.,  a  Representative 
from  Maryland ;  born  in  Baltimore,  Md.,  Sep- 
tember 18,  1856;  attended  Williston  seminary, 
Easthampton,  Mass.,  and  was  graduated  from 
Amherst  college  in  1877 ;  was  graduated  from 
the  law  school  of  the  University  of  Maryland  in 
1878,  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  April,  1887 ; 
engaged  on  the  editorial  staff  of  the  Baltimore 
American ;  in  December.  1882,  appointed  an  ex- 
aminer in  equity  by  the  supreme  bench  of  Balti- 
more; elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Fifty-first 


1028 


CONGRESSIONAL   DIRECTORY. 


Congress  (March  4,  1889-March  3,  1891)  ;  ap- 
pointed United  States  commissioner  of  immigra- 
tion port  of  Baltimore  in  1891 ;  resigned  in  1893 ; 
elected  judge  of  the  supreme  court  of  Baltimore 
in  November,  1S96;  appointed  judge  of  the 
Maryland  court  of  appeals  in  April,  1911,  and 
elected  to  the  position  in  November,  1911;  a 
resident  of  Baltimore,  Md. 

Stockdale,  Thomas  Ringland,  a  Representa- 
tive from  Pennsylvania ;  born  in  Greene  county, 
Pa.,  March  28,  1828 ;  was  graduated  from  Jeffer- 
son college  in  1856,  and  from  the  university  of 
Mississippi  in  1859 ;  settled  in  Pike  county,  Miss., 
in  1857  and  taught  school;  admitted  to  the  bar 
and  practiced  in  Woodville,  Miss.,  1859-1861; 
enlisted  in  the  civil  war  as  a  private  in  the  six- 
teenth Mississippi  infantry  in  1861 ;  elected  suc- 
cessively lieutenant,  adjutant,  and  major  of  that 
regiment ;  elected  major  of  Stoekdale's  battalion 
of  cavalry  in  1863,  and  commanded  the  outposts 
of  the  army  at  Port  Hudson  till  it  was  invested ; 
made  lieutenant  colonel  of  the  fourth  Mississippi 
cavalry  in  1864 ;  at  the  close  of  the  war  resumed 
the  practice  of  law  in  Summit,  Miss. ;  delegate 
to  the  national  Democratic  convention  in  1868 ; 
presidential  elector  on  the  Democratic  ticket  in 
1872  and  1884;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the 
Fiftieth,  Fifty-first,  Fifty-second,  and  Fifty-third 
Congresses  (March  4,  1887-March  3,  1895)  ;  ap- 
pointed judge  of  the  supreme  court  of  Mississippi 
December  1,  1896 ;  died  in  Summit,  Miss.,  Janu- 
ary 8,  1899. 

Stockslager,  Strother  Madison,  a  Represent- 
ative from  Indiana ;  born  in  Mauckport,  Har- 
rison county,  Ind.,  May  7,  1842;  attended  the 
common  schools,  Corydou  High  School,  and  the 
State  University  in  Blooniington ;  taught  school ; 
served  in  the  Union  army  during  the  civil 
war  as  second  lieutenant  and  captain  in  the 
thirteenth  Indiana  cavalry;  deputy  county  au- 
ditor two  years ;  deputy  county  clerk  two  years ; 
appointed  by  Andrew  Johnson  as  assessor  of 
internal  revenue;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to 
the  bar  in  Corydon  in  1871  and  practiced; 
editor  of  the  Corydon  Democrat ;  member  of 
the  state  senate  1874-1878;  elected  as  a  Demo- 
crat to  the  Forty-seventh  and  Forty-eighth 
Congresses  (March  4,  1881-March  3,  1885)  ;  as- 
sistant commissioner  of  the  General  Land  Office 
in  1884;  appointed  Commissioner  of  the  Gen- 
eral Land  Office;  resigned  March  4,  1889,  but 
remained  in  charge  until  June  20,  1889;  re- 
sumed the  practice  of  law  in  Washington,  D.  C. ; 
unsuccessful  Democratic  candidate  for  Con- 
gress in  1894 ;  resumed  the  practice  of  law  in 
Washington,  D.  C. 

Stockton,  John  Potter,  a  Senator  from  New 
Jersey;  born  in  Princeton,  N.  J.,  August  2, 
1826 ;  was  graduated  from  Princeton  college  in 
1843;  studied  law,  admitted  to  the  bar,  and 
began  practice  in  1849 ;  state  reporter  to  the 
court  of  chancery ;  United  States  minister  to 
Rome,  Italy,  1857-1861 ;  presented  credentials 
as  a  Democratic  Senator-elect  to  the  United 
States  Senate,  and  took  his  seat  December  4, 
1865,  but  on  March  27,  1866,  the  Senate  de- 
clared the  seat  vacant ;  elected  as  a  Democrat 
to  the  United  States  Senate  and  served  from 
March  4,  1869,  to  March  3,  1875;  attorney-gen- 
eral of  New  Jersey  1877-1892;  delegate  to  all 
the  Democratic  national  conventions  from  1864 
until  his  death ;  died  in  New  York  City,  January 
22,  1900. 


Stockton,  Richard,  a  Delegate  from  New 
Jersey ;  born  in  "  Morven,"  near  Princeton, 
Somerset  county,  N.  J.,  October  1,  1730;  at- 
tended West  Nottingham  academy  and  was 
graduated  in  the  first  class  from  Princeton 
college  in  1748 ;  studied  law  and  was  admitted 
to  the  bar  in  August,  1754  and  commenced 
practice  in  Princeton,  N.  J. ;  member  of  the 
provincial  council  of  New  Jersey  1768-1774 ; 
judge  of  the  provincial  supreme  court ;  elected 
to  the  Continental  Congress  1776-1777;  was  a 
signer  of  the  Declaration  of  Independence ;  un- 
successful candidate  for  governor  of  New  Jersey 
in  1776 ;  elected,  but  declined  the  position  of 
chief  justice  of  the  supreme  court  in  1776 ;  died 
at  "  Morveii,"-  near  Princeton,  N.  J.,  February 
28, 1781. 

Stockton,  Richard,  a  Senator  and  a  Repre- 
sentative from  New  Jersey ;  born  in  Princeton, 
N.  J.,  April  17,  1764 ;  was  graduated  from 
Princeton  college  in  1779 ;  studied  law,  ad- 
mitted to  the  bar  in  1784,  and  commenced  prac- 
tice in  Princeton,  N.  J. ;  presidential  elector  on 
the  Washington  and  Adams  ticket  in  1792; 
elected  as  a  Federalist  to  the  United  States 
Senate  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  the  resignation 
of  Frederick  Freliughuysen  and  served  from 
November  12,  1796  to  March  3,  1799;  declined 
a  reelection ;  again  presidential  elector  in  1801 
on  the  Adams  and  Pinckney  ticket ;  candidate 
for  governor  of  New  Jersey  in  1801 ;  member  of 
the  state  legislature  1813-1815;  elected  to  the 
Thirteenth  Congress  (March  4,  1813-March  3, 
1815)  ;  declined  a  reelection;  died  at  "Morven," 
near  Princeton,  N.  J.,  March  7,  1828. 

Stockton,  Robert  Field,  a  Senator  from  New 
Jersey ;  born  in  Princeton,  N.  J.,  August  20, 
1795 ;  attended  Princeton  college ;  entered  the 
United  States  Navy  in  1811  and  attained  the 
rank  of  commodore;  sent  to  the  Pacific  coast 
in  October,  1845 ;  conquered  California  in  1846 ; 
returned  home  and  resigned  his  commission 
May  28,  1850 ;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the 
United  States  Senate  and  served  from  March 
4,  1851,  until  his  resignation,  January  10,  1853; 
president  of  the  Delaware  and  Raritan  canal 
1853-1866 ;  comptroller  of  New  Jersey ;  dele- 
gate to  the  Peace  congress  at  Washington, 
D.  C.,  February  13,  1861;  died  in  Princeton, 
N.  J.,  October  7,  1866. 

Stoddard,  Ebenezer,  a  Representative  from 
Connecticut;  born  in  West  Woodstock,  Conn., 
May  6,  1786 ;  was  graduated  from  Brown  uni- 
versity in  1806 ;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to 
the  bar,  and  began  practice  in  West  Woodstock, 
Conn.;  served  several  years  in  the  state  legisla- 
ture; elected  to  the  Seventeenth  and  Eighteenth 
Congresses  (March  4,  1821-March  3,  1825)  ;  lieu- 
tenant governor  of  Connecticut  in  1837 ;  died 
in  Woodstock,  Conn.,  August  11,  1848. 

Stoddart,  John  Truman,  a  Representative 
from  Maryland ;  born  in  Charles  county,  Md., 
October  1,  1790;  was  graduated  from  Princeton 
college  in  1810;  served  in  the  war  of  1812; 
member  of  the  state  house  of  representatives; 
elected  as  a  Jackson  Democrat  to  the  Twenty- 
third  Congress  (March  4,  1833-March  3,  1835)  ; 
died  in  Charles  county,  Md.,  July  19,  1870. 

Stokely,  Samuel,  a  Representative  from 
Ohio;  born  in  western  Pennsylvania  January 
25,  1796 ;  pursued  an  academic  course  in  Wash- 
ington, Pa. ;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the 


BIOGBAPHIES. 


1029 


bar,  and  began  practice  in  Steubenville,  Ohio,  in 
1817;  United  States  land  receiver  1827-1828; 
member  of  the  state  senate  1837-1838;  elected 
as  a  Whig  to  the  Twenty-seventh  Congress 
(March  4,  1841-March  3,  1843)  ;  general  in  the 
state  militia;  died  in  Steubenville,  Ohio,  May 
23,  1861. 

Stokes,  James  William,  a  Representative 
from  South  Carolina ;  born  in  Orangeburg 
county,  S.  C.,  December  12,  1853;  attended  the 
common  schools;  was  graduated  from  Washing- 
ton and  Lee  university,  Virginia,  in  187G ; 
taught  school  for  twelve  years;  was  graduated 
in  medicine  from  Vanderbilt  university,  Tennes- 
see; returned  to  the  farm  in  1889;  president  of 
the  State  Farmers'  Alliance  two  terms;  elected 
to  the  state  senate  in  1890;  delegate  to  the 
Democratic  national  convention  in  Chicago  in 
1892;  presidential  elector  on  the  Democratic 
ticket  in  1892 ;  unsuccessful  Democratic  candi- 
date for  Congress  in  1892 ;  elected  as  a  Democrat 
to  the  Fifty-fourth,  Fifty-fifth,  Fifty-sixth,  and 
Fifty-seventh  Congresses  and  served  from  March 
4,  1895,  until  his  death  in  Orangeburg.  S.  C., 
July  6,  1901. 

Stokes,  Montfort,  a  Senator  from  North  Caro- 
lina ;  born  in  Virginia,  March  12, 1762 ;  completed 
preparatory  studies;  held  several  local  offices; 
elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  United  States  Sen- 
ate, to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  the  resignation  of 
James  Turner ;  reelected  and  served  from  De- 
cember 4,  1S1G,  to  March  3,  1823 ;  member  of  the 
state  senate  in  1826 ;  elected  to  the  state  house 
of  representatives  in  1829  and  1830 ;  governor 
of  North  Carolina  1830-1831 ;  resigned  to  super- 
intend the  removal  of  the  Indians  west  of  the 
Mississippi  River;  Indian  agent  for  Arkansas 
territory ;  died  in  Fort  Gibson,  Ark.,  November 
4,  1842. 

Stokes,  William  Brickly,  a  Representative 
from  Tennessee ;  born  in  Chatham  county,  N.  C., 
September  9,  1814 ;  attended  the  public  school* ; 
farmer ;  served  several  years  in  both  branches 
of  the  legislature;  elected  as  a  Whig  to  the 
Thirty-sixth  Congress  (March  4,  1859-March  3, 
1861 )  ;  entered  the  Union  army  in  1862  as  major 
of  Tenessee  volunteers  and  promoted  to  colonel 
and  subsequently  brevetted  major  general ;  re- 
elected  to  the  Thirty-ninth,  Fortieth,  and  Forty- 
first  Congresses  (March  4,  1865-March  3,  1871)  ; 
unsuccessful  Republican  candidate  for  the 
Forty-second  Congress;  supervisor  of  internal 
revenue  for  Tennessee;  resumed  the  practice  of 
law  ;  died  in  Alexandria,  Tenn.,  March  4,  1897. 

Stone,  Alfred  Parish,  a  Representative  from 
Ohio ;  born  in  Worthington,  Mass.,  June  28, 1813 ; 
merchant  in  Columbus,  Ohio ;  elected  to  the 
Twenty-eighth  Congress,  to  fill  vacancy  caused 
by  the  death  of  Herman  Allen  Moore,  and  served 
from  December  2,  1844,  to  March  3,  1845 ;  acting 
treasurer  of  Ohio  in  1856 ;  collector  of  internal 
revenue  for  the  Columbus  district  of  Ohio  in 
1862;  died  in  Columbus,  Ohio,  August  2,  1865. 

Stone,  Charles  Warren,  a  Representative  from 
Pennsylvania ;  born  in  Groton,  Mass.,  June  29, 
1843;  attended  Lawrence  academy,  Groton,  and 
was  graduated  from  Williams  college  in  1863; 
admitted  to  the  bar  in  1867  and  practiced ; 
county  superintendent  of  schools  of  Warren 
county  in  1865;  trustee  Pennsylvania  state  col- 
lege; member  of  the  state  house  of  representa- 
tives 1870-1871 ;  member  of  the  state  senate  1877- 


1878;  lieutenant-governor  of  Pennsylvania  1879- 
1883 ;  secretary  of  the  commonwealth  from  Jan- 
uary 18,  1887,  until  his  resignation  to  accept  the 
nomination  for  Congress;  elected  as  a  Repub- 
lican to  the  Fifty-first  Congress,  to  fill  vacancy 
caused  by  the  death  of  Lewis  F.  Watson ;  re- 
elected  to  the  Fifty-second,  Fifty-third,  Fifty- 
fourth,  and  Fifty-fifth  Congresses  arid  served 
from  December  1,  1890,  to  March  3,  1899;  un- 
successful candidate  for  governor ;  died  at  his 
home  near  Warren,  Pa.,  August  15,  1912. 

Stone,  David,  a  Representative  and  a  Senator 
from  North  Carolina ;  born  in  Hope,  N.  C.,  Feb- 
ruary 17,  1770;  was  graduated  from  Princeton 
college  in  1788 ;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the 
bar,  and  in  1790  began  practice;  member  of 
the  state  house  of  representatives  1791-1794; 
judge  of  the  supreme  court  of  North  Carolina1 
1795-1798;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Sixth 
Congress  (March  4,  1799-March  3, 1801)  ;  elected 
to  the  United  States  Senate  and  served  from 
March  4,  1801,  until  his  resignation  about  Febru- 
ary 17,  1807 ;  judge  of  the  supreme  court  of  the 
State;  governor  of  North  Carolina  1808-1810;: 
again  elected  to  the  United  States  Senate  and 
served  from  March  4,  1813.  until  his  resignation 
in  1814 ;  died  in  Hope,  N.  C.,  October  7,  1818. 

Stone,  Eben  Francis,  a  Representative  from 
Massachusetts ;  born  in  Newburyport,  Mass.,  Au- 
gust 3,  1822 ;  attended  North  Andover  academy 
and  was  graduated  from  Harvard  university  in 
1843  and  from  the  law  department  of  the  uni- 
versity in  1846;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in 
1847  and  commenced  practice  in  Newburyport, 
Mass. ;  member  of  the  state  house  of  representa- 
tives ;  served  in  the  state  senate ;  enlisted  in  the 
Union  army  during  the  civil  war  and  com- 
manded the  forty-eighth  regiment  of  Massachu- 
setts volunteer  militia  during  its  term  of  service ; 
mayor  of  Newburyport  in  1867 ;  again  a  member 
of  the  state  house  of  representatives  1867-1870 ; 
elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Forty-seventh, 
Forty  -  eighth,  and  Forty  -  ninth  Congresses 
(March  4,  1881-March  3,  1887);  after  his  re- 
tirement from  Congress  resumed  the  practice  of 
law  in  Newburyport,  Mass..  until  his  death, 
January  22,  1895. 

Stone,  Frederick,  a  Representative  from 
Maryland ;  born,  in  Clifton,  Va.,  February  20, 
1820;  was  graduated  from  St.  John's  college,  in 
Annapolis,  Md. ;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to 
the  bar  in  1841,  and  commenced  practice  in  Port 
Tobacco,  Md. ;  appointed  by  the  legislature  as 
one  of  the  commissioners  to  revise  the  rules  of 
pleading  and  practice  in  the  state  courts;  mem- 
ber of  the  state  house  of  representatives  1864- 
1865 ;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Fortieth  and 
Forty-first  Congresses  (March  4,  1867-March  3, 
1871)  ;  associate  judge  of  the  court  of  appeals, 
1881-1890 ;  died  near  La  Plata,  Md.,  October  17, 
1899. 

Stone,  James  W.,  a  Representative  from  Ken- 
tucky; born  in  Taylorsville,  Ky.,  in  1813;  at- 
tended the  common  schools;  studied  law;  ad- 
mitted to  the  bar,  and  practiced;  held  several 
local  offices;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Twen- 
ty-eighth Congress  (March  4,  1843-March  3, 
1845)  ;  reelected  ,to  the  Thirty-second  Congress 
(March  4,  1851-March  3,  1853)  ;  died  in  Tay- 
lorsville, Ky.,  October  13,  1854. 

Stone,  John  W.,  a  Representative  from  Michi- 
gan ;  born  in  Wadsworth,  Medina  county,  Ohio. 


1030 


CONGRESSIONAL   DIEECTOEY. 


July  18,  1838;  attended  public  schools  and  the 
Spencer,  Ohio,  academy ;  moved  to  Allegan 
county,  Mich.,  in  1856,  and  commenced  the  study 
of  law  in  1859 ;  county  clerk  of  Allegan  county 
in  1860;  admitted  to  the  bar  in  January,  1862; 
reelected  county  clerk  in  1862 ;  prosecuting  at- 
torney 1864—1870;  president  of  Allegan  village 
in  1872;  circuit  judge  of  the  twentieth  judicial 
circuit  of  Michigan  April,  1873,  until  his  resig- 
nation November  1,  1874 ;  moved  to  Grand  Rap- 
ids and  practiced  law ;  elected  as  a  Republican 
to  the  Forty-fifth  and  Forty-sixth  Congresses 
(March  4,  1877-March  3,  1881)  ;  appointed 
United  States  attorney  for  the  Western  Michi- 
gan district  in  1882 ;  moved  to  Hough  ton,  Mich., 
in  1887,  and  engaged  in  the  practice  of  law ; 
elected  circuit  judge,  twenty-fifth  Michigan  cir- 
cuit, in  April,  1890,  and  served  until  December 
31,  1909;  elected  justice  of  the  state  supreme 
court  in  April,  1909,  for  the  term  ending  De- 
cember 31,  1917 ;  a  resident  of  Lansing,  Mich. 

Stone,  Joseph  Champlin,  a  Representative 
from  Iowa;  born  in  Westport,  N.  Y.,  July  30. 
1829 ;  moved  to  Iowa  territory  in  1844 ;  at- 
tended the  public  schools;  was  graduated  from 
the  medical  department  of  the  St.  Louis  uni- 
versity, Missouri,  in  1854 ;  enlisted  as  a  private 
in  the  Union  army  and  was  made  adjutant  of 
the  first  Iowa  cavalry ;  promoted  to  captain  and 
assistant  adjutant  general  of  volunteers  in  1862 ; 
resumed  the  practice  of  medicine;  elected  as  a 
Republican  to  the  Forty-fifth  Congress  (March 
4,  1877-March  3,  1879)  ;  died  in  Burlington, 
Iowa,  December  3,  1902. 

Stone,  Michael  Jenifer,  a  Representative  from 
Maryland ;  born  in  Port  Tobacco,  Charles  county, 
Md.,  about  1750 ;  completed  preparatory  studies ; 
elected  to  the  First  Congress  (March  4,  1789- 
March  3,  1791)  ;  died  in  Charles  county,  Md., 
in  1812. 

Stone,  Thomas,  a  Delegate  from  Maryland; 
born  in  Pointon  Manor,  Charles  county.  Md.,  in 
1743 ;  completed  preparatory  studies ;  studied 
law,  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  began  practice  in 
Frederick,  Md.,  in  1764;  moved  to  Charles 
county,  Md.,  in  1771 ;  member  of  the  state  sen- 
ate, 1779-1783;  elected  to  the  Continental  Con- 
gress, 1775-1779  and  1784-1785 ;  died  in  Alexan- 
dria, Va.,  October  5,  1787. 

Stone,  William,  a  Representative  from  Ten- 
nessee ;  born  in  Delphi.  Tenn.,  January  26,  1791 ; 
completed  preparatory  studies ;  held  several  local 
oflices;  was  a  captain  in  the  Creek  War,  com- 
missioned brigadier-general  for  gallantry  in  the 
Battle  of  the  Horse  Shoe ;  served  with  General 
Jackson  in  the  Battle  of  New  Orleans;  was  pre- 
sented a  cane  by  Congress  for  bravery  in  the 
Battle  of  Tippecanoe;  elected  as  a  Whig  to  the 
Twenty-fifth  Congress  (March  4,  1837-March  3, 
1839)  ;  died  in  Delphi,  Tenn.,  February  18,  1853. 

Stone,  William  Alexis,  a  Representative  from 
Pennsylvania ;  born  in  Delmar  township,  Tioga 
county,  Pa.,  April  18,  1846;  attended  the  state 
normal  school,  Mansfield,  Tioga  county,  Pa. : 
served  in  the  civil  war  as  second  lieutenant  of 
company  A,  one  hundred  and  eighty-seventh 
Pennsylvania  volunteers;  after  the  war,  lieu- 
tenant colonel  in  the  national  guard  of  the 
state;  studied  law  in  Wellsboro,  Pa.,  was  admit- 
ted to  the  bar  in  1870,  and  practiced  in  Wells- 
boro and  Pittsburgh,  Pa. ;  district  attorney  of 
Tioga  county ;  United  States  attorney  for  the 


western  district  of  Pennsylvania ;  elected  as  a 
Republican  to  the  Fifty-second,  Fifty-third, 
Fifty-fourth,  and  Fifty-fifth  Congresses,  and 
served  from  March  4,  1891,  until  his  resigna- 
tion, November  9,  1898 ;  governor  of  Pennsyl- 
vania, 1899  to  1903 ;  resumed  the  practice  of 
law  in  Pittsburgh,  Pa. 

Stone,  William  H.,  a  Representative  from 
Missouri ;  born  in  Schanugunk,  N.  Y.,  November 
7,  1828 ;  completed  preparatory  studies ;  moved 
to  St.  Louis,  Mo.,  in  1848,  and  became  a  manu- 
facturer ;  president  of  the  St.  Louis  Hot  Pressed 
Nut  and  Bolt  Company ;  member  of  the  state 
house  of  representatives;  held  several  local  of- 
fices; elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Forty-third 
and  Forty-fourth  Congresses  (March  4,  1873- 
March  3,  1877)  ;  died  in  1901. 

Stone,  William  Joel,  a  Representative  and  a 
Senator  from  Missouri ;  born  in  Madison  county, 
Ky.,  May  17,  1848 ;  was  graduated  from  Missouri 
university ;  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1869 ;  prose- 
cuting attorney  of  Vernon  county,  Mo.,  1873- 
1874 ;  presidential  elector  on  the  Tilden  and 
Hendricks  ticket  in  1876 ;  elected  as  a  Democrat 
to  the  Forty-ninth,  Fiftieth,  and  Fifty-first  Con- 
gresses (March  4,  1885-March  3,  1891)  ;  gov- 
ernor of  Missouri  1893-1897 ;  member  from  Mis- 
souri and  vice  chairman  of  the  Democratic  na- 
tional committee;  elected  to  the  United  States 
Senate,  and  took  his  seat  March  4,  1903;  re- 
elected  for  the  term  ending  March  3,  1915. 

Stone,  William  Johnson,  a  Representative 
from  Kentucky;  born  in  Lyon  (then  Caldwell) 
county,  Ky.,  June  26,  1841 ;  attended  the  common 
schools  and  Q.  M.  Tyler's  collegiate  institute  in 
Cadiz,  Trigg  county,  Ky. ;  farmer  by  occupation ; 
member  of  the  state  house  of  representatives  in 
1867,  1875,  and  1883,  and  served  as  speaker  of 
the  house  during  his  second  term ;  elected  as  a 
Democrat  to  the  Forty-ninth,  Fiftieth,  Fifty- 
first,  Fifty-second,  and  Fifty-third  Congresses 
t  March  4,  1885-March  3,  1895)  ;  engaged  in  the 
mercantile  business  in  Kuttawa,  Lyon  county, 
Ky. 

Storer,  Bellamy,  a  Representative  from  Ohio ; 
born  in  Portland,  Me.,  March  9,  1798 ;  was  gradu- 
ated from  Bowdoin  college;  studied  law  in  Bos- 
ton, admitted  to  the  bar,  and  began  practice  in 
Cincinnati,  Ohio,  in  1817;  elected  as  a  Whig  to 
the  Twenty -fourth  Congress  (March  4,  1835- 
March  3,  1839)  ;  declined  a  renomination ;  presi- 
dential elector  on  the  Clay  ticket  in  1844 ;  served 
as  judge  of  the  superior  court  of  Cincinnati 
from  its  organization  in  1852  until  1871,  when 
he  resigned ;  died  in  Cincinnati,  Ohio,  June  1, 
1875. 

Storer,  Bellamy,  a  Representative  from  Ohio ; 
born  in  Cincinnati,  Ohio,  August  28,  1847;  was 
graduated  from  Harvard  college  in  1867  and 
from  Cincinnati  college  in  1869;  was  admitted 
to  the  bar  in  April,  1869;  elected  as  a  Republi- 
can to  the  Fifty-second  and  Fifty-third  Con- 
gresses (March  4,  1891-March  3,  1895)  ;  Assist- 
ant Secretary  of  State  of  the  United  States  in 
1897;  United  States  minister  to  Belgium  1897- 
1899;  appointed  United  States  minister  to  Spain 
in  1899 ;  appointed  minister  to  Austria-Hungary 
in  1902. 

Storer,  Clement,  a  Representative  and  a 
Senator  from  N.  Hi ;  born  in  Kennebunk,  Me., 
September  20,  1760;  completed  preparatory 


BIOGRAPHIES. 


1031 


studies;  studied  medicine  and  began  practice 
in  Portsmouth,  N.  H. ;  captain  of  militia,  and 
held  successive  commissions  to  that  of  major- 
general  ;  member  of  the  state  house  of  repre- 
sentatives in  1810-1812  and  served  one  year  as 
speaker ;  elected  to  the  Tenth  Congress  ( March 
4,  1807-March  3,  1809)  ;  elected  to  the  United 
States  Senate,  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  the  res- 
ignation of  Jeremiah  Mason  and  served  from 
June  27,  1817,  until  March  3,  1819;  died  in 
Portsmouth,  N.  H.,  November  21,  1830. 

Storm,  Frederic,  a  Representative  from  New 
York ;  born  in  Alsace,  France,  July  2,  1844 ; 
came  to  this  country  with  his  parents  in  1846; 
attended  the  public  schools  of  New  York  City ; 
member  of  the  state  constitutional  convention 
in  1894 ;  elected  to  the  state  assembly  in  1895 ; 
for  sixteen  years  a  member  of  county  Repub- 
lican committee,  and  three  times  its  chairman ; 
founder  of  the  Flushing  hospital ;  elected  as 
a  Republican  to  the  Fifty-seventh  Congress 
(March  4,  1901-March  3,  1903)  ;  after  leaving 
Congress  engaged  in  the  banking  business  in 
Bayside,  N.  Y. 

Storm,  John  B.,  a  Representative  from  Penn- 
sylvania ;  born  in  Hamilton  township,  Monroe 
county,  September  19, 1838 ;  was  graduated  from 
Dickinson  college  in  1861 ;  studied  law  and  was 
admitted  to  the  bar  in  1863;  county  superin- 
tendent of  public  schools  for  seven  years: 
elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Forty-second  and 
Forty-third  Congresses  (March  4,  1871-March 
3,  1875)  ;  reelected  to  the  Forty-eighth  and 
Forty-ninth  Congresses  (March  4,  1883-March 
3,  1887;  president-judge  of  the  forty-third  ju- 
dicial district  of  Pennsylvania ;  died  in  Strouds- 
burg,  Pa.,  August  13,  1901. 

Storrs,  Henry  Randolph,  a  Representative 
from  New  York ;  born  in  Middletown,  Conn., 
September  3,  1787;  was  graduated  from  Yale 
college  in  1804 ;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the 
bar  in  1808,  and  began  practice  in  Utica,  N.  Y. ; 
judge  of  Oneida  county  for  five  years;  elected 
as  a  Federalist  to  the  Fifteenth  and  Sixteenth 
Congresses  (March  4,  1817-March  3,  1821)  ;  re- 
elected  to  the  Eighteenth,  Nineteenth,  Twen- 
tieth, and  Twenty-first  Congresses  (March  4, 
1823-March  3,  1831)  ;  moved  to  New  York  and 
resumed  the  practice  of  law ;  died  in  New  Haven, 
Conn.,  July  29,  1837. 

Storrs,  William  Lucius,  a  Representative 
from  Connecticut;  born  in  Middletown,  Conn., 
March  25,  1795 ;  was  graduated  from  Yale  col- 
lege in  1814 ;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the 
bar,  and  in  1817  began  practice  in  Middletown, 
Conn. ;  member  of  the  state  legislature  in  1827- 
1829  and  1834 ;  served  as  speaker  the  last  year  ; 
elected  to  the  Twenty-first  and  Twenty-second 
Congresses  (March  4,  1829-March  3,  1833)  ;  re- 
elected  to  the  Twenty-sixth  Congress  and  served 
from  March  4,  1839,  until  his  resignation  in 
June,  1840;  associate  judge  of  the  court  of 
errors;  professor  of  law  at  Yale  college  1846- 
1847;  chief  justice  of  the  court  of  errors  from 
1856  until  his  death  in  Hartford,  Conn.,  June 
25,  1861. 

Story,  Joseph,  a  Representative  from  Massa- 
chusetts; born  in  Marblehead,  Mass.,  September 
18,  1779 ;  was  graduated  from  Harvard  col- 
lege in  1798 ;  studied  law,  admitted  to  the  bar 
in  1801,  and  began  practice  in  Salem ;  member 
of  the  stnte  house  of  representatives  1805- 


1807;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Tenth  Con- 
gress, to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  the  death  of 
Jacob  Crowninshield  and  served  from  December 
20,  1808,  to  March  3,  1809;  again  a  member  of 
the  state  house  of  representatives  in  1811,  and 
speaker ;  associate  justice  of  the  Supreme  Court 
of  the  United  States  until  his  death  in  Cam- 
bridge, Mass.,  September  10,  1845. 

Stoughton,  William  Lewis,  a  Representative 
from  Michigan ;  born  in  New  York  March  20, 
1827;  completed  preparatory  studies;  moved  to 
Sturgis,  Mich. ;  studied  law,  admitted  to  the  bar, 
and  practiced;  held  several  local  offices;  United 
States  district  attorney  for  the  district  of  Michi- 
gan in  March,  1861,  and  resigned  in  few  months 
to  enter  the  Union  army;  served  as  colonel  and 
brigadier-general,  and  promoted  to  the  rank  of 
major-general  by  brevet;  member  of  the  state 
constitutional  convention  in  1867 ;  attorney- 
general  of  Michigan  1867-1868 ;  elected  as  a  Re- 
publican to  the  Forty-first  and  Forty-second  Con- 
gresses (March  4,  1869-March  3,  1873)  ;  died  in 
Sturgis,  Mich.,  June  6,  1888. 

Stout,  Byron  Gray,  a  Representative  from 
Michigan ;  born  in  Richmond,  Ontario  county, 
N.  Y.,  January  12,  1829 ;  moved  with  his  parents 
to  Michigan  in  1831 ;  was  graduated  from  the 
Michigan  state  university  in  1851 ;  studied  law ; 
elected  to  the  state  legislature  in  1854  and  1856 
and  chosen  speaker  of  the  house;  member  of  the 
state  senate  in  1860  and  served  as  president  pro 
tempore ;  member  of  the  Philadelphia  convention 
of  1866;  delegate  to  the  national  Democratic 
conventions  of  1868,  1880,  and  1888 ;  engaged  in 
private  banking  prior  to  1869;  elected  as  a 
Democrat  to  the  Fifty-second  Congress  (March 
4,  1891-March  3,  1893)  ;  died  in  Pontiac,  Mich., 
June  19,  1896. 

Stout,  Lansing,  a  Representative  from  Ore- 
gon; born  in  Pamelia,  N.  Y.,  March  27,  1828; 
completed  preparatory  studies;  studied  law.  ad- 
mitted to  the  bar,  and  in  1851  moved  to  Cali- 
fornia and  began  practice;  member  of  the  state 
house  of  representatives  1856;  moved  to  Port- 
land, Oreg.,  in  1857 ;  judge  of  the  Multnoinah 
county  court  in  1858;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to 
the  Thirty-sixth  Congress  (March  4,  1859-March 
3,  1861)  :  again  a  member  of  the  state  house  of 
representatives;  died  in  Portland,  Oreg.,  in  1870. 

Stover,  John  H.,  a  Representative  from  Mis- 
souri ;  born  in  Aaronsburg,  Center  county,  Pa., 
April  24,  1833;  completed  preparatory  studies; 
studied  law,  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  in  1857 
began  practice  in  Aaronsburg;  held  several  local 
offices;  enlisted  in  the  Union  army  in  1861  for 
the  civil  war  as  a  private  and  successively 
chosen  captain  and  major ;  commissioned  colonel 
of  the  one  hundred  and  eighty-fourth  Pennsyl- 
vania volunteers;  after  the  war  moved  to  Ver- 
sailles, Mo.,  and  practiced  law;  elected  as  a  Re- 
publican to  the  Fortieth  Congress,  to  fill  vacancy 
caused  by  the  resignation  of  Joseph  W.  McClurg 
and  served  from  December  7,  1868,  to  March 
3,  1869. 

Stow,  Silas,  a  Representative  from  New  York ; 
born  in  Middlefield,  Middlesex  county,  Conn., 
December  21,  1773 ;  moved  to  Lowville,  N.  Y. ; 
appointed  judge  of  Oneida  county,  January  28, 
1801 ;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Twelfth  Con- 
gress (March  4,  1811-March  3,  1813)  ;  sheriff  of 
Lewis  county  1814-1815;  judge  of  the  same 


1032 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY, 


county  1815-1823 ;  died  in  Lowville,  N.  Y.,  Janu- 
ary 19,  1827. 

Stowell,  William  H.  H.,  a  Representative 
from  Virginia ;  born  in  Windsor,  Vt.,  July  26, 
1840;  attended  the  high  schools  in  Boston, 
Mass. ;  merchant :  moved  to  Virginia  in  1865 ; 
collector  of  internal  revenue  for  the  fourth  dis- 
trict in  1869;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the 
Forty-second,  Forty-third,  and  Forty-fourth  Con- 
gresses (March  4,  1871-March  3,  1877). 

Stower,  John  G.,  a  Representative  from  New 
/  York ;  was  a  native  of  Madison,  N.  Y. ;  completed 
preparatory  studies ;  elected  as  a  Jackson  Demo- 
crat to  the  Twentieth  Congress  (March  4,  1827- 
March  3,  1829)  ;  member  of  the  state  senate 
1833-1834. 

Strader,  Peter  Wilson,  a  Representative  from 
Ohio ;  born  in  Warren  county,  N.  J.,  November 
6,  1818 ;  moved  with  his  parents  to  Ohio  in  1819 ; 
attended  the  common  schools ;  printer ;  employed 
on  a  steamboat  on  the  Mississippi  river  1835- 
1848;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Forty-first 
Congress  (March  4,  1869-March  3,  1871)  ;  died  in 
Ashtabula,  Ohio,  February  25,  1881. 

Strait,  Horace  Burton,  a  Representative  from 
Minnesota ;  born  in  Potter  county,  Pa.,  January 
26,  1835 ;  attended  the  common  schools ;  moved  to 
Indiana  in  1846,  and  from  there  to  Minnesota  in 
1855 ;  entered  the  Union  army  in  1862  as  captain 
in  the  ninth  Minnesota  infantry ;  promoted  to 
major  of  said  regiment  in  1864 ;  served  at  the 
close  of  the  war  as  inspector  general  on  the  staff 
of  General  McArthur;  elected  mayor  of  Shako- 
pee  in  1870,  1871,  and  1872;  trustee  of  the  Min- 
nesota hospital  for  the  insane  1866 ;  engaged  in 
mercantile,  manufacturing,  and  banking  pur- 
suits ;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Forty-third, 
Forty-fourth,  and  Forty-fifth  Congresses  (March 

4,  1873-March  3,  1879)  ;  reelected  to  the  Forty- 
seventh,    Forty-eighth,    and    Forty-ninth    Con- 
gresses   (March  4,  1881-March  3,  1887)  ;   died 
near  El  Paso,  Tex,,  February  25,  1894. 

Strait,  Thomas  Jefferson,  a  Representative 
from  South  Carolina ;  born  in  Chester  district, 

5.  C.,  December  25,  1846 ;  attended  the  common 
schools  of  Maysville,  S.  C.,  and  Cooper  institute, 
Mississippi ;  entered  the  Confederate  service  in 
1862,  and  in  company  A,  sixth  regiment  of  in- 
fantry until  November,  1863 ;  transferred  to  com- 
pany H,  twenty-fourth  regiment,  Gist's  brigade, 
and  served  as  a  sergeant  therein  until  the  close 
of  the  war ;  was  graduated  from  the  South  Caro- 
lina  medical   college  with  distinction   in  1885 ; 
member  of  the  state  senate  in  1890 ;  elected  as  an 
Alliance    Democrat    to    the    Fifty-third,    Fifty- 
fourth,    and    Fifty-fifth    Congresses    (March  4, 
1893-March  3,  1899)  ;  resumed  the  practice  of 
medicine  in  Lancaster,  S.  C. 

Stranahan,  James  Samuel  Thomas,  a  Repre- 
sentative from  New  York ;  born  in  Peterboro, 
N.  Y.,  April  25,  1808;  attended  the  common 
schools  and  Cazenovia  seminary;  founded  the 
town  of  Florence,  Oneida  county,  N.  Y.,  in  1832 ; 
elected  to  the  state  assembly  in  1838;  moved  to 
Brooklyn,  N.  Y.,  in  1844 ;  elected  alderman  of 
that  city  in  1848;  elected  as  a  Whig  to  the 
Thirty-fourth  Congress  (March  4,  1855-March 
3,  1857)  ;  died  in  Saratoga  Springs,  N.  Y.,  Sep- 
tember 3,  1898. 

Strange,  Robert,  a  Senator  from  North  Caro- 
lina ;  born  in  Virginia,  September  20,  1796 ;  was 


graduated  from  the  Hampden-Sidney  College; 
studied  law,  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  practiced 
in  Fayetteville,  N.  C. ;  member  of  the  state  house 
of  commons,  1822-1823  and  1826;  judge  of  the 
superior  court  of  North  Carolina,  1826-1836; 
elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  United  States  Sen- 
ate, to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  the  resignation  of 
Willie  P.  Mangum,  and  served  from  December 
5,  1836,  until  his  resignation  February  22,  1840; 
resumed  the  practice  of  law  in  Fayetteville, 
N.  C. ;  solicitor  for  the  fifth  judicial  district  of 
North  Carolina;  died  in  Fayetteville,  N.  C., 
February  19,  1854. 

Stratton,  Charles  C.,  a  Representative  from 
New  Jersey ;  born  in  Swedenboro,  Gloucester 
county,  N.  J.,  in  1796;  attended  the  common 
schools;  member  of  the  state  house  of  repre- 
sentatives; elected  as  a  Whig  to  the  Twenty- 
fifth  Congress  (March  4,  1837-March  3,  1839)  ; 
presented  credentials  as  a  Member-elect  to  the 
Twenty-sixth  Congress,  but  not  allowed  to  take 
his  seat;  reelected  to  the  Twenty-seventh  Con- 
gress (March  4,  1841-March  3,  1843)  ;  engaged 
in  farming;  died  in  Swedenboro,  N.  J.,  March 
30,  1859. 

Stratton,  John,  a  Representative  from  Vir- 
ginia ;  native  of  Virginia ;  attended  the  common 
schools ;  elected  to  the  Seventh  Congress  ( March 
4,  1801-March  3,  1803). 

Stratton,  John  Leek  Newbold,  a  Representa- 
tive from  New  Jersey;  born  in  Mount  Holly, 
N.  J.,  November  27,  1817 ;  was  graduated  from 
Princeton  College  in  1836 ;  studied  law,  admit- 
ted to  the  bar,  and  began  practice  in  Mount 
Holly;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Thirty- 
sixth  and  Thirty-seventh  Congresses  (March  4, 
1859-March  3,  1863;  delegate  to  the  National 
Loyalists  convention  in  Philadelphia  in  1868 ; 
died  in  Mount  Holly,  N.  J.,  May  17.  1889. 

Stratton,  Nathan  T.,  a  Representative  from 
New  Jersey ;  a  native  of  Mullica  Hill,  N.  J. ; 
attended  the  common  schools ;  held  several  local 
offices;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Thirty-sec- 
ond and  Thirty-third  Congresses  ( March  4, 1851- 
March  3,  1855). 

Straub,  Christian  M.,  a  Representative  from 
Pennsylvania;  a  native  of  that  state;  elected  as 
a  Democrat  to  the  Thirty-third  Congress  ( March 
4,  1853-March  3,  1855). 

Straus,  Isidor,  a  Representative  from  New 
York ;  born  in  the  Palatinate  of  Bavaria,  Febru- 
ary 6,  1845 ;  came  to  this  country  in  1854  with 
his  mother  and  settled  in  Talbotton,  Ga. ;  at- 
tended Collinsworth  Institute  and  prepared  to 
enter  the  West  Point  Military  Academy  when 
the  breaking  out  of  the  war  prevented;  moved 
to  New  York  City  in  1865;  elected  as  a  Demo- 
crat on  January  30,  1894,  to  the  Fifty-third 
Congress,  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  the  resigna- 
tion of  Ashbel  P.  Fitch,  and  served  from  Febru- 
ary 14,  1894,  until  March  3,  1895 ;  resumed  the 
mercantile  business  in  New  York  City ;  lost  in 
the  wreck  of  the  steamship  Titanic  April  15, 
1912. 

Stradbridge,  James  Dale,  a  Representative 
from  Pennsylvania ;  born  in  Liberty  township, 
Montour  county,  Pa.,  April  7,  1824 ;  was  gradu- 
ated from  Princeton  College  in  1844 ;  was  gradu- 
ated in  medicine  from  the  University  of  Pennsyl- 
vania in  1847 ;  entered  the  army  as  a  brigade 
surgeon  of  volunteers  and  served  throughout  the 


BIOGEAPHIES. 


1033 


civil  war;  prisoner  in  Libby  Prison  three 
months;  after  the  war  resumed  his  practice; 
elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Forty-third  Con- 
gress (March  4,  1873-March  3,  1875)  ;  died  in 
Danville,  Pa.,  July  19,  1890. 

Street,  Randall  S.,  a  Representative  from 
New  York ;  born  in  Catskill,  N.  Y.,  in  1780 ;  pur- 
sued classical  studies;  studied  law,  admitted  to 
the  bar,  and  began  practice  in  Ponghkeepsie ; 
state  attorney  for  his  judicial  district  in  1810 
and  1813;  lieutenant-colonel  of  militia  in  the 
war  of  1812;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Six- 
teenth Congress  (March  4,  1819-March 3, 1821 )  ; 
resumed  practice  of  law,  until  his  death  in  Mon- 
ticello,  N.  Y.,  November  21,  1841. 

Strickland,  Randolph,  a  Representative  from 
Michigan ;  born  in  Dansville,  Livingston  county, 
N.  Y.,  February  4,  1823 ;  attended  the  common 
schools;  taught  school;  moved  to  Michigan  in 
1844;  studied  law,  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  in 
1849  began  practice;  prosecuting  attorney  for 
Clinton  county  in  1852,  1854,  1856,  and  1858; 
member  of  the  state  senate  in  1861  and  1862 : 
provost-marshal  1863-1865;  delegate  to  the  na- 
tional Republican  convention  in  1856  and  1868; 
elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Forty-first  Con- 
gress (March  4,  1869-March  3,  1871)  ;  died  in 
Battle  Creek,  Mich.,  May  5,  1880. 

Strode,  Jesse  Burr,  a  Representative  from 
Nebraska;  born  in  Farmers  township,  Fulton 
county,  111.,  February  18,  1845 ;  attended  the  pub- 
lic schools;  enlisted  as  a  private  in  the  fiftieth 
Illinois  infantry  in  January,  1864,  and  was  with 
his  regiment  during  the  Atlanta  campaign,  the 
march  to  the  sea,  through  the  Carolina s  and  Vir- 
ginia, and  the  grand  review  in  Washington ;  mus- 
tered out  of  the  army  in  July,  1865;  entered 
Abingdon  (111.)  College;  principal  of  the  graded 
schools  of  Abingdon  eight  years;  mayor  and 
councilman  of  Abingdon ;  studied  law,  moved 
to  Plattsmouth,  Nebr.,  May  1,  1879,  and  was  ad- 
mitted to  the  bar  in  November,  1879 ;  district  at- 
torney in  1882-1886;  moved  to  Lincoln  in  1887 
and  practiced  law  until  November,  1892 ;  judge 
of  the  district  court;  elected  as  a  Republican  to 
the  Fifty-fourth  and  Fifty-fifth  Congresses 
(March  4,  1895-March  3,  1899)  ;  resumed  the 
practice  of  law  after  leaving  Congress;  prose- 
cuting attorney  for  the  third  district  of  Ne- 
braska, and  resides  in  Lincoln,  Nebr. 

Strohm,  John,  a  Representative  from  Penn- 
sylvania ;  born  in  that  state  October  16,  1793 ; 
completed  preparatory  studies;  taught  school 
for  several  years ;  located  in  Providence,  Pa. ; 
member  of  the  state  house  of  representatives 
1831-1833;  elected  as  a  Whig  to  the  Twenty- 
ninth  and  Thirtieth  Congresses  (March  4,  1845- 
March  3,  1849). 

Strong1,  Caleb,  a  Senator  from  Massachu- 
setts ;  born  in  Northampton,  Mass.,  January  9, 
1745 ;  was  graduated  from  Harvard  college  in 
1764 ;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar, 
and  began  practice  in  1792;  member  of  the 
committee  of  correspondence  and  safety  1774- 
1775 ;  member  of  the  state  house  of  representa- 
tives 1776-1778 ;  elected  to  the  state  senate 
1780-1788;  county  attorney  1776-1800;  member 
of  the  national  convention  which  framed  the 
Constitution  of  the  United  States,  but  did  not 
sign  the  same ;  member  of  the  Massachusetts 
constitutional  convention  which  ratified  the 
Constitution  of  the  United  States  in  1787-1788 ; 


elected  as  a  Federalist  to  the  United  States 
Senate ;  reelected  and  served  from  March  4, 1789, 
to  June  1,  1796,  when  he  resigned ;  presidential 
elector  in  1809;  governor  of  Massachusetts 
1800-1807  and  1812-1816 ;  died  in  Northampton, 
Mass.,  November  17,  1819. 

Strong,  James,  a  Representative  from  New 
York ;  born  in  Windham,  Conn.,  in  1783 ;  was 
graduated  from  the  University  of  Vermont  in 
1806 ;  moved  to  Hudson,  N.  Y. ;  elected  as  a 
Federalist  to  the  Sixteenth  Congress  (March  4, 
1819-March  3,  1821)  ;  reelected  to  the  Eight- 
eenth, Nineteenth,  Twentieth,  and  Twenty-first 
Congresses  (March  4,  1823-March  3,  1831)  ;  died 
in  Chester,  N.  J.,  August  8,  1847. 

Strong,  Jedediah,  a  Delegate  from  Connecti- 
cut ;  born  in  Litchfield,  Conn.,  November  7, 
1738 ;  was  graduated  from  Yale  college  in  1761 ; 
was  admitted  to  the  bar ;  member  of  the  state 
legislature  1771-1801;  elected  to  the  Conti- 
nental Congress  in  1774,  but  declined ;  member 
of  the  committee  on  inspection  1774-1775 ; 
county  attorney  1780-1791;  sat  in  the  Con- 
tinental Congress  1782-1784 ;  member  of  the 
Connecticut  convention  to  ratify  the  Constitu- 
tion of  the  United  States  in  1788 ;  died  in  Litch- 
field, Conn.,  August  21,  1802. 

Strong,  Julius  Levi,  a  Representative  from 
Connecticut ;  born  in  Bolton,  Conn.,  November 
8,  1828 ;  attended  Wesleyan  university,  Middle- 
town,  Conn.,  and  Union  college  in  New  York ; 
entered  the  law  school  at  Balston  Spa ;  studied 
law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  in  1853  began 
practice  in  Hartford,  Conn. ;  member  of  the  leg- 
islature of  Connecticut  in  1852  and  in  1855 ; 
city  attorney ;  president  of  the  common  council ; 
elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Forty-first  and 
Forty-second  Congresses  and  served  from  March 
4,  1869,  until  his  death  in  Hartford,  Conn.,  No- 
vember 7,  1872. 

Strong,  Luther  Martin,  a  Representative 
from  Ohio;  born  near  Tiffin,  Seneca  county, 
Ohio,  June  23,  1838;  attended  the  common 
schools  and  Aaron  Schuyler's  academy  in  Re- 
public ;  taught  school ;  enlisted  as  a  private  in 
the  forty-ninth  Ohio  volunteer  infantry  early 
in  1861;  elected  captain  of  company  G  and 
promoted  to  major  and  lieutenant-colonel ;  sen- 
ior officer  of  the  regiment  and  in  command 
thereof  from  about  the  time  of  the  fall  of  At- 
lanta until  after  the  battle  of  Nashville,  but 
could  not  be  commissioned  colonel  because  the 
regiment  had  become  greatly  reduced  in  num- 
bers by  service;  resigned  March  13,  1865,  on 
account  of  wound;  studied  law  and  was  ad- 
mitted to  the  bar  by  the  supreme  court  of  Ohio 
January  30,  1867;  located  in  Kenton  and  prac- 
ticed ;  member  of  the  board  of  education ; 
elected  to  the  state  senate  in  1879  and  1881; 
judge  of  the  court  of  common  pleas ;  elected  as 
a  Republican  to  the  Fifty-third  and  Fifty- 
fourth  Congresses  (March  4,  1893-March  3, 
1897)  ;  died  in  Kenton,  Ohio,  April  26,  1903. 

Strong,  Selah.  Brewster,  a  Representative  from 
New  York ;  born  in  Brookhaven,  Suffolk  county, 
N.  Y.,  May  1,  1792;  was  graduated  from  Yale 
college  in  1811 ;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the 
bar,  and  in  1814  began  practice  in  New  York 
City;  served  in  the  war  of  1812  as  ensign  and 
quartermaster,  lieutenant  and  captain  in  the 
tenth  regiment,  third  brigade,  New  York  City 
and  county  troops;  removed  to  Brookhaven  in 


1034 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 


1820;  state  attorney  for  Suffolk  county;  elected 
as  a  Democrat  to  the  Twenty-eighth  Congress 
(March  4,  1843-March  3,  1845)  ;  appointed 
March  27,  1846,  circuit  judge  by  Governor 
Wright  and  was  confirmed,  but  did  not  accept; 
judge  of  the  supreme  court  for  the  second  judi- 
cial district  from  June  7,  1847,  to  June  1,  1860 ; 
member  of  the  state  constitutional  convention  in 
1868;  died  in  Setauket,  N.  Y.,  November  29, 
1872. 

Strong,  Solomon,  a  Representative  from  Mas- 
sachusetts; born  in  Amherst,  Mass.,  March  2, 
1780;  was  graduated  from  Williams  college  in 
1798;  member  of  the  senate  of  Massachusetts 
1812-1813;  elected  to  the  Fourteenth  and  Fif- 
teenth Congresses  (March  4,  1815-March  3, 
1819)  ;  judge  of  the  court  of  common  pleas  1818- 
1842 ;  again  a  member  of  the  state  senate  1843- 
1844;  died  in  Leominster,  Mass.,'  September  16, 
1850. 

Strong,  Stephen,  a  Representative  from  New 
York ;  born  in  Lebanon,  Conn.,  October  11,  1791 ; 
moved  to  New  York ;  attended  Hamilton  college, 
Clinton,  N.  Y. ;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1822 ; 
district  attorney  of  Tioga  county  1836-1838,  and 
again  from  1844  to  1847;  elected  county  judge 
February  2,  1843 ;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the 
Twenty-ninth  Congress  (March  4,  1845-March 
3,  1847)  ;  resumed  the  practice  of  law  in  Owego, 
N.  Y. ;  moved  to  Watertown,  N.  Y.,  in  1861  and 
practiced;  died  in  Watertown,  N.  Y.,  April  15, 
1866. 

Strong,  Theron  Rudd,  a  Representative  from 
New  York;  born  in  Salisbury,  Conn.,  November 
7,  1802 ;  moved  to  Palmyra,  N.  Y. ;  attended  the 
common  schools ;  studied  law  and  was  admitted 
to  the  bar;  held  several  local  offices;  mem- 
ber of  the  state  house  of  representatives  in  1842 ; 
elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Twenty-sixth  Con- 
gress (March  4,  1839-March  3,  1841)  ;  associate 
justice  of  the  supreme  court  of  New  York  in 
1851;  judge  of  the  court  of  appeals  in  1859; 
moved  to  Rochester,  N.  Y.,  in  1860  and  practiced 
law ;  died  in  New  York  City,  May  14,  1873. 

Strong,  William,  a  Representative  from  Ver- 
mont ;  born  in  Lebanon,  Conn.,  in  1763 ;  moved 
with  his  parents  to  Hartford,  Vt. ;  engaged  ex- 
tensively in  land  surveying ;  member  of  the  state 
legislature  in  1798-1799,  1801-1802,  1815-1818; 
sheriff  of  Windsor  county  1802-1810 ;  judge  of  the 
supreme  court  of  Windsor  county  in  1817  ;  mem- 
ber of  the  council  of  censors  in  1834 ;  elected  as 
a  Democrat  to  the  Twelfth  and  Thirteenth  Con- 
gresses (March  4,  1811-March  3,  1815;  reelected 
to  the  Sixteenth  Congress  (March  4,  1819- 
March  3,  1821)  ;  died  in  Hartford,  Conn.,  Janu- 
ary 28,  1840. 

Strong,  William,  a  Representative  from  Penn- 
sylvania ;  born  in  Somers,  Conn.,  May  6,  1808 ; 
attended  Plainsfield  academy  and  was  graduated 
from  Yale  in  1828 ;  taught  school  in  New  Haven, 
Conn. ;  studied  law,  and  in  1832  admitted  to  the 
bar  in  Philadelphia  and  began  practice  in  Read- 
ing; elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Thirtieth  and 
Thirty-first  Congresses  (March  4,  1847-March  3, 
1851)  :  associate  justice  of  the  supreme  court  of 
Pennsylvania  1857-1868 ;  resumed  the  practice  of 
law  in  Philadelphia,  Pa. ;  associate  justice  of 
the  Supreme  Court  of  the  United  States  1870- 
1880;  died  in  Lake  Minnewassa,  N.  Y.,  August 
19,  1895. 


Strother,  George  F.,  a  Representative  from 
Virginia  •  born  in  Culpeper  county,  Va. ;  com- 
pleted preparatory  studies;  studied  law,  ad- 
mitted to  the  bar,  and  began  practice  in  Cul- 
peper; elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Fifteenth 
and  Sixteenth  Congresses,  and  served  from 
March  4,  1817,  until  his  resignation,  February 
10,  1820 ;  receiver  of  public  moneys  in  St.  Louis, 
Mo. 

Strother,  James  French,  a  Representative 
from  Virginia ;  born  in  Culpeper  county,  Va., 
September  4,  1811 ;  completed  preparatory 
studies  and  attended  St.  Louis  university ;  stud- 
ied law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  be- 
gan practice  in  Culpeper,  Va. ;  member  of  the 
state  house  of  representatives  and  served  as 
speaker;  delegate  to  the  state  constitutional 
convention  in  1850;  elected  as  a  Whig  to  the 
Thirty-second  Congress  (March  4,  1851-March 
3.  1853)  ;  died  in  Culpeper,  Va.,  September  21, 
1860. 

Strouse,  Myer,  a  Representative  from  Penn- 
sylvania ;  born  in  Oberstrau,  Bavaria,  Germany, 
December  16,  1825 ;  emigrated  with  his  father  to 
the  United  States  in  1832  and  located  in  Potts- 
ville,  Pa. ;  completed  preparatory  studies ;  stud- 
ied law  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar ;  edited  the 
North  American  Farmer  in  Philadelphia  1848- 
1852 ;  began  practice  in  Pottsville  in  1853 ; 
elected  to  the  Thirty-eighth  and  Thirty-ninth 
Congresses  (March  4,  1863-March  3,  1867)  ;  re- 
sumed the  practice  of  law ;  attorney  and  solici- 
tor for  the  "  Mollie  McGuire "  outlaws  1876- 
1877 ;  died  in  Pottsville,  Pa.,  February  11,  1878. 

Stroud,  William  F.,  a  Representative  from 
North  Carolina ;  born  in  Orange  county,  N.  C., 
December  7,  1832 ;  attended  the  Bingham  School, 
High  Hill  academy,  and  the  Graham  Institute; 
moved  to  Chatham  county  in  1861 ;  member  of 
the  state  constitutional  convention  in  1875 ; 
nominated  by  the  Populists  for  Congress  in  1892 
in  the  Fourth  Congressional  District ;  again 
nominated  by  the  Populists  in  1894 ;  elected  as  a 
Populist  to  the  Fifty-fourth  and  Fifty-fifth  Con- 
gresses (March  4,  1895-March  3,  1899). 

Struble,  Isaac  S.,  a  Representative  from 
Iowa ;  born  near  Fredericksburg,  Va.,  November 
3,  1843;  attended  the  common  schools;  enlisted 
and  served  three  years  as  a  private  in  company 
F,  twenty-second  Iowa  infantry ;  attended  the 
state  university ;  studied  law  and  was  admitted 
to  practice  in  1870  in  Ogle  county,  111. ;  settled 
in  Lemars,  Iowa,  in  1872;  elected  as  a  Repub- 
lican to  the  Forty-eighth,  Forty-ninth,  Fiftieth, 
and  Fifty-first  Congresses  (March  4,  1883-March 
3,  1891)  ;  resumed  the  practice  of  law  in  Lemars, 
Iowa. 

Strudwick,  William,  a  Representative  from 
North  Carolina ;  native  of  that  state ;  received  a 
limited  education ;  held  several  local  offices ; 
elected  to  the  Fourth  Congress,  to  fill  vacancy 
caused  by  the  resignation  of  Absalom  Taturn 
and  served  from  December  13,  1796,  to  March 
3,  1797. 

Stuart,  Alexander  Hugh  Holmes,  a  Repre- 
sentative from  Virginia ;  born  in  Staunton,  Va., 
April  2,  1807;  attended  William  and  Mary  col- 
lege ;  was  graduated  from  the  University  of  Vir- 
ginia in  1828 ;  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  in 
1828  began  practice  in  Staunton;  served  in  the 
state  house  of  representatives  1836-1838 ;  elected 
as  a  Whig  to  the  Twenty-seventh  Congress 


BIOGEAPHIES. 


1035 


(March  4,  1841-March  3,  1843)  ;  presidential 
elector  on  the  Clay  ticket  in  1844  and  the  Tay- 
lor ticket  in  1848 ;  Secretary  of  the  Interior 
1850-1853;  member  of  the  state  senate  1857- 
1861 ;  delegate  to  the  national  Union  convention 
in  1866 ;  presented  credentials  as  a  Member- 
elect  to  the  Ninth  Congress,  but  was  not  ad- 
mitted; died  in  Staunton,  Va..  February  13, 
1891. 

Stuart,  Andrew,  a  Representative  from  Ohio ; 
born  in  Pennsylvania  August  30,  1823;  moved 
to  Stubenville,  Ohio,  in  1850;  was  editor  of  the 
American  Union  newspaper  1850-1857 ;  elected 
as  a  Democrat  to  the  Thirty-third  Congress 
(March  4,  1853-March  3,  1855)  ;  defeated  for 
reelection;  died  in  Washington,  D.  C.,  April  30, 
1872. 

Stuart,  Archibald,  a  Representative  from 
Virginia ;  born  in  Lynchburg,  Va.,  December  2, 
1795 ;  completed  preparatory  studies ;  studied 
law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced 
practice  in  Campbell  county ;  served  as  an  officer 
in  the  War  of  1812 ;  member  of  the  state  legisla- 
ture ;  member  of  the  state  convention  of  1829- 
1830 ;  resided  in  Mount  Airy,  N.  C. ;  elected  as 
a  Whig  to  the  Twenty-fifth  Congress  (March  4, 
1837-March  3,  1839)  ;  member  of  the  state  con- 
vention of  1850-1851 ;  died  in  Patrick  county, 
Va.,  September  20,  1855. 

Stuart,  Charles  E.,  a  Representative  and  a 
Senator  from  Michigan;  born  in  Columbia 
county,  N.  Y.,  November  25,  1810;  studied  law 
and  was  admitted  to  the  bar  and  commenced 
practice  in  Kalamazoo,  Mich. ;  member  of  the 
state  legislature  in  1842;  elected  to  the  Thir- 
tieth Congress  as  a  Democrat  to  fill  vacancy 
caused  by  the  death  of  Edward  Bradley,  who 
never  qualified,  and  served  from  December  6, 
1847,  to  March  4,  1849;  defeated  for  reelection 
to  the  Thirty-first  Congress ;  reelected  to  the 
Thirty-second  Congress  (March  4,  1851-March 

3,  1853)  ;   elected  to  the  United  States  Senate 
and  served  from   March  4,   1853,   to  March  3, 
1859 ;  member  of  the  Union  convention  in  Phila- 
delphia in  1866 ;  died  in  Kalamazoo,  Mich.,  May 
19,  1887. 

Stuart,  David,  a  Representative  from  Michi- 
gan;  born  in  Brooklyn,  N.  Y.,  March  12,  1816: 
studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  com- 
menced practice  in  Detroit,  Mich. ;  elected  as  a 
Democrat  to  the  Thirty-third  Congress  (March 

4,  1853-March  3,  1855)  ;  moved  to  Chicago,  111.; 
enlisted  in  the  Union  army  and  was  commis- 
sioned   lieutenant    colonel    forty-second    Illinois 
volunteer  infantry,  July  22,  1861 ;  colonel  of  the 
fifty-fifth    Illinois   infantry,    October   31,    1861; 
brigadier   general   of  volunteers,   November  29, 
1862 ;     appointment    negatived    by    the    Senate, 
March  11,  1863;  resigned  April  3,  1863;  resumed 
the  practice  of  law  in  Detroit,  Mich,,  and  died 
there,  September  11,  1868. 

Stuart,  John  Todd,  a  Representative  from 
Illinois;  born  near  Lexington,  Ky.,  November  10, 
1807 ;  was  graduated  from  Center  college  in 
1826 ;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and 
commenced  practice  in  Springfield,  111. ;  major 
in  the  Black  Hawk  war  in  1832 ;  member  of  the 
state  house  of  representatives  1832-1836;  un- 
successful candidate  to  the  Twenty-fifth  Con- 
gress in  1836;  elected  as  a  Whig  to  the  Twenty- 
sixth  and  Twenty-seventh  Congresses  (March  4, 
1839-March  3,  1843)  ;  member  of  the  state  sen- 


ate 1848-1852;  reelected  as  a  Democrat  to  the 
Thirty-eighth  Congress  (March  4,  1863-March  3, 
1865)  ;  law  partner  with  Abraham  Lincoln;  died 
in  Springfield,  111.,  November  23,  1885. 

Stuart,  Philip,  a  Representative  from  Mary- 
land ;  born  near  Fredericksburg,  Va.,  in  1760 ; 
completed  preparatory  studies ;  moved  to  Mary- 
land; served  in  the  Revolutionary  army  as 
lieutenant  in  the  third  Continental  Dragoons; 
wounded  at  Eutaw  Springs,  September  8,  1781; 
transferred  to  Baylors  Dragoons,  November  9, 
1782 ;  served  in  the  War  of  1812 ;  elected  to  the 
Twelfth,  Thirteenth,  Fourteenth,  and  Fifteenth 
Congresses  (March  4,  1811-March  3,  1819)  ;  died 
in  Washington,  D.  C.,  August  14,  1830. 

Stump,  Herman,  a  Representative  from  Mary- 
land ;  born  on  Oakington  Farm,  in  Harford 
county,  Md.,  August  8,  1837 ;  pursued  classical 
studies;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar 
in  1856,  and  commenced  practice  in  Belair,  Md. ; 
interested  in  agricultural  pursuits;  elected  to 
the  state  senate  in  1878,  and  served  as  president 
of  that  body  in  1880 ;  chairman  of  the  Demo- 
cratic state  convention  in  1879;  elected  as  a 
Democrat  to  the  Fifty-first  and  Fifty-second 
Congresses  (March  4,  1889-March  3,  1893)  ; 
commissioner  general  of  emigration  under  Presi- 
dent Cleveland;  after  leaving  Congress  resumed 
the  practice  of  his  profession  in  Belair,  Md. 

Sturgeon,  Daniel,  a  Senator  from  Pennsyl- 
vania ;  born  in  Adams  county,  Pa.,  October  27, 
1789 ;  was  graduated  from  Jefferson  college,  and 
Jefferson  medical  college,  Philadelphia,  Pa. ; 
commenced  the  practice  of  medicine  in  Union- 
town,  Pa.,  in  1813;  member  of  the  state  house 
of  representatives  1818-1824 ;  served  in  the  state 
senate  1825-1830,  and  served  as  president  of 
that  body  1827-1830;  auditor-general  of  Penn- 
sylvania 1830-1836;  state  treasurer  1838-1839; 
elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  United  States 
Senate;  reelected  and  served  from  March  4, 
1839  to  March  3,  1851 ;  treasurer  of  the  United 
States  mint  in  Philadelphia,  Pa.,  1853-1858 ;  died 
in  Uniontown,  Pa.,  July  2,  1878. 

Stiirges,  Jonathan,  a  Delegate  and  a  Repre- 
sentative from  Connecticut ;  born  in  Fairfield, 
Conn.,  August  23,  1740;  was  graduated  from 
Yale  college  in  1759 ;  was  admitted  to  the  bar 
and  commenced  practice  in  Fairfield,  Conn. ; 
sat  in  the  Continental  Congress  1774-1787; 
elected  to  the  First  and  Second  Congresses 
(March  4,  1789-March  3,  1793)  ;  associate  jus- 
tice of  the  state  supreme  court  1793-1805 ;  presi- 
dential elector  in  1797  and  1805;  died  in  Fair- 
field,  Conn.,  October  4,  1819. 

Sturges,  Lewis  Burr,  a  Representative  from 
Connecticut ;  born  in  Fairfield,  Conn.,  March  15, 
1763;  was  graduated  from  Yale  college  in  1782; 
elected  as  a  Federalist  to  the  Ninth,  and  to  the 
succeeding  five  Congresses  (March  4,  1805- 
March  3,  1817;  moved  to  Norwalk,  Ohio,  and 
died  there  March  30,  1844. 

Sturgiss,  George  Cookman,  a  Representative 
from  West  Virginia ;  born  in  Poland,  Mahoning 
county,  Ohio,  August  16,  1842 ;  moved  to  Mor- 
gantown,  W.  Va.,  in  1859;  attended  the  Monon- 
galia  academy  and  taught  in  that  school  for  a 
short  time;  studied  law  and  was  admitted  to 
practice  in  1863 ;  was  paymaster's  clerk  under 
Maj.  James  V.  Boughner,  paymaster  of  United 
States  Volunteers ;  county  superintendent  of  free 


1036 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 


schools  1865-1869;  member  of  the  house  of  dele- 
gates of  West  Virginia  1870,  1871,  and  1872; 
prosecuting  attorney  of  the  county  for  eight 
years;  in  1880  was  the  Republican  nominee  for 
governor  of  the  state;  United  States  attorney 
for  the  district  of  West  Virginia ;  the  first 
president  of  the  State  Board  of  Trade  and  of 
the  State  Association  for  the  Promotion  of  Good 
Roads;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Sixtieth 
and  Sixty-first  Congresses  (March  4,  1907- 
March  3,  1911)  ;  resumed  the  practice  of  law 
in  Morgantown,  Va. 

Sturtevant,  John  Carey,  a  Representative 
from  Pennsylvania ;  born  in  Spring  township, 
Crawford  county,  Pa.,  February  20,  1835;  at- 
tended the  common  schools ;  engaged  in  teaching 
and  farming  for  a  number  of  years;  officer  in 
the  house  of  representatives  in  Harrisburg  1861, 
1862,  and  1864;  member  of  the  state  house  of 
representatives  in  1865  and  1866 ;  delegate  to  the 
Republican  state  convention  in  1865,  and  six 
times  reelected,  the  last  in  1890;  presidential 
elector  in  1888;  moved  to  Conneautville,  Pa., 
in  1867 ;  engaged  in  the  hardware  business ;  en- 
gaged in  manufacturing  and  milling  till  1888 ; 
elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Fifty-fifth  Con- 
gress (March  4,  1897-March  3,  1899)  ;  after 
leaving  Congress  engaged  in  the  banking  busi- 
ness in  Couneautville,  Pa. 

Sullivan,  George,  a  Representative  from  New 
Hampshire;  born  in  Durham,  N.  H.,  August  29, 
1771 ;  was  graduated  from  Harvard  college  in 
1790 ;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and 
began  practice  in  Exeter,  N.  H.,  in  1793 ;  mem- 
ber of  the  state  house  of  representatives  in 
1805 ;  attorney-general  of  New  Hampshire  1805- 
1806;  elected  to  the  Twelfth  Congress  (March 
4,  1811-March  3,  1813)  ;  again  a  member  of  the 
state  house  of  representatives  in  1813 ;  member 
of  the  state  senate  1814-1815;  again  attorney- 
general  of  the  state  1816-1835;  died  in  Exeter, 
N.  H.,  April  14,  1838. 

Sullivan,  James,  a  Delegate  from  Massachu- 
setts; born  in  Berwick,  Mass,  (now  Maine), 
April  22,  1744 ;  completed  prepai'atory  studies ; 
studied  law,  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  began  prac- 
tice in  Biddeford ;  active  in  Revolutionary  move- 
ments; member  of  the  provincial  congress  of 
Massachusetts  in  1775;  judge  of  the  superior 
court  in  1776 ;  elected  to  the  Continental  Con- 
gress in  1782;  judge  of  probate  for  Suffolk 
county ;  state  attorney-general  1790-1807 ;  gov- 
ernor of  Massachusetts  1807-1808;  died  in  Bos- 
ton, Mass.,  December  10,  1808. 

Sullivan,  John,  a  Delegate  from  New  Hamp- 
shire; born  in  Berwick,  Me.,  February  17,  1740; 
received  a  limited  education ;  studied  law,  ad- 
mitted to  the  bar,  and  began  practice  in  Dur- 
ham ;  took  an  active  part  in  pre-Revolutionary 
movements ;  elected  to  the  Continental  Congress 
1774-1775;  brigadier-general  and  promoted  to 
major-general,  but  resigned  in  1779;  again 
elected  to  the  Continental  Congress  1780-1781 ; 
attorney-general  of  New  Hampshire  1782-1786; 
president  of  that  State  1786-1787 ;  member  of 
the  convention  that  ratified  the  Federal  Consti- 
tution ;  speaker  of  the  state  house  of  representa- 
tives ;  presidential  elector  in  1789 ;  again  chosen 
president  of  New  Hampshire ;  judge  of  the 
United  States  district  court  of  New  Hampshire; 
died  in  Durham,  N.  H.,  January  23, 1795. 


Sullivan,  John  Andrew,  a  Representative 
from  Massachusetts :  born  in  Boston.  Mass.,  May 
10,  1868;  attended  the  public  schools,  the  high 
school,  and  was  graduated  from  the  Boston 
university  law  school  in  1896;  was  admitted  to 
the  bar  and  commenced  practice  in  Suffolk, 
Mass.,  in  1896;  member  of  the  state  senate  1900- 
1902;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Fifty-eighth 
and  Fifty-ninth  Congresses  (March  4,  1903- 
March  3,  1907)  ;  resumed  the  practice  of  law  in 
Boston,  Mass. ;  appointed  a  member  of  the  Bos- 
ton finance  commission  in  July,  1907,  and  served 
until  the  commission  expired ;  in  June,  1909,  be- 
came chairman  of  the  permanent  finance  com- 
mission which  was  created  by  statute;  resides 
in  Boston,  Mass. 

Sullivan,  Timothy  Daniel,  a  Representative 
from  New  York ;  born  in  New  York  City  Febru- 
ary 6,  1863;  attended  the  public  schools;  en- 
gaged in  the  real  estate  and  theatrical  business; 
elected  to  the  state  assembly  in  1886  and  served 
until  1894 ;  member  of  the  state  senate  1894- 
1903 ;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Fifty-eighth 
and  Fifty-ninth  Congresses  and  served  from 
March  4,  1903,  until  July  27,  1906,  when  he  re- 
signed ;  reelected  to  the  state  senate  in  1908  and 
1910 ;  resident  of  New  York  City. 

Sullivan,  William  Van  Amberg,  a  Repre- 
sentative and  a  Senator  from  Mississippi ;  born 
near  Winoua,  Miss.,  December  18, 1857 ;  attended 
a  country  school  near  Sardis,  in  Panola  county, 
and  the  University  of  Mississippi,  and  was  grad- 
uated from  the  Vanderbilt  university,  Nashville, 
Tenn.,  in  1875 ;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1875 
and  commenced  practice  in  Austin,  Tunica 
county;  moved  to  Oxford,  Miss.,  in  1877;  mem- 
ber of  the  board  of  aldermen ;  delegate  to  the 
Democratic  national  conventions  in  1892  and 
1896;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Fifty-fifth 
Congress  and  served  from  March  4,  1897,  until 
May,  1898,  when  he  resigned ;  appointed  and  sub- 
sequently elected  to  the  United  States  Senate,  to 
fill  vacancy  caused  by  the  death  of  Edward  C. 
Walthall,  and  served  from  May  31,  1898,  until 
March  4,  1901 ;  after  leaving  the  Senate  took  up 
his  residence  in  Washington,  D.  C. 

Sulloway,  Cyrus  Adams,  a  Representative 
from  New  Hampshire;  born  in  Grafton,  N.  H., 
June  8,  1839 ;  attended  the  common  schools  and 
Kimball  academy ;  pursued  an  academic  course ; 
studied  law  in  Franklin,  N.  H.,  was  admitted  to 
the  bar  in  1863,  and  commenced  practice  in 
Manchester,  N.  H. ;  member  of  the  state  house 
of  representatives  1872-1873  and  again  in  1887- 
1893;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Fifty- 
fourth,  and  to  the  seven  succeeding  Congresses 
(March  4,  1895-March  3,  1913).  Reelected  to 
the  Sixty-second  Congress. 

Sulzer,  William,  a  Representative  from  New 
York;  born  in  Elizabeth,  N.  J.,  March  18, 
1863 ;  attended  the  public  schools  and  Colum- 
bia college;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1884; 
member  of  the  state  legislature  1889-1894  and 
served  as  leader  of  the  majority  of  the  assembly 
in  1892  and  was  speaker  of  the  assembly  in 
1893 ;  leader  of  the  minority  of  the  state  assem- 
bly in  1894 ;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Fifty- 
fourth,  and  to  the  seven  succeeding  Congresses 
(March  4,  1895-March  3,  1913).  Reelected  to 
the  Sixty-second  Congress. 

Summers,  George  W.,  a  Representative  from 
Virginia ;  born  in  Fayette  county,  Va.,  March  4, 


BIOGEAPHIES. 


1037 


1804;  completed  preparatory  studies  and  was 
graduated  from  Ohio  university;  studied  law, 
was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  began  practice  in 
Kanawha,  Ya. ;  member  of  the  state  house  of 
representatives  1830-1840;  elected  as  a  Whig  to 
the  Twenty-seventh  and  Twenty-eighth  Con- 
gresses (March  4,  1841-March  3,  1845)  ;  dele- 
gate to  the  state  constitutional  convention  in 
1850;  Whig  candidate  for  governor  in  1851; 
judge  of  the  eighteenth  judicial  circuit  of  Vir- 
ginia 1852-1858;  died  September,  1868. 

Sumner,  Charles,  a  Senator  from  Massachu- 
setts ;  born  in  Boston,  Mass..  January  6,  1811 ; 
pursued  classical  studies ;  was  graduated  from 
Harvard  college  in  1830;  studied  law  and  was 
graduated  from  the  Cambridge  law  school  in 
1834;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  and  commenced 
practice  in  Boston,  Mass. ;  appointed  reporter  of 
the  United  States  circuit  court ;  lectured  at  the 
Cambridge  law  school  1835-1837;  traveled  in 
Europe  1837-1840 ;  elected  to  the  United  States 
Senate  in  1851  after  a  prolonged  contest  by  a 
coalition  of  Democrats  and  Free-Soilers ;  re- 
elected  in  1857,  1863,  and  1869,  and  served  from 
December  1,  1851,  until  his  death  in  Washing- 
ton, D.  C.,  March  11,  1874;  interment  in  Cam- 
bridge, Mass. 

Sumner,  Charles  Allen,  a  Representative 
from  California ;  born  in  Great  Barrington, 
Mass.,  August  2,  1835 ;  attended  Trinity  college, 
Hartford,  Conn. ;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to 
the  bar,  and  engaged  on  patent  cases:  moved  to 
California  in  1850 ;  served  during  the  Civil  war ; 
moved  to  Nevada ;  member  of  the  state  senate 
and  served  as  president  of  that  body ;  elected  as 
a  Democrat  to  the  Forty-eighth  Congress 
(March  4,  1883-March  3,  1885)  ;  died  in  San 
Francisco,  Cal.,  January  31,  1903. 

Sumner,  Daniel  Hadley,  a  Representative 
from  Wisconsin ;  born  in  Malone,  Franklin 
county,  N.  Y.,  September  15,  1837 ;  attended  the 
common  schools;  studied  law;  admitted  to  the 
bar  in  Michigan  in  1868;  settled  in  Waukesha, 
Wis.,  in  1870,  and  practiced ;  elected  district  at- 
torney of  Waukesha  county  and  served  in  1876 
and  1877;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Forty- 
eighth  Congress  (March  4.  1883-March  3,  1885)  ; 
died  in  Waukesha,  Wis.,  May  29,  1903. 

Sumter,  Thomas,  a  Representative  from 
South  Carolina ;  born  in  Virginia,  July  14,  1736 ; 
moved  to  South  Carolina ;  attended  the  common 
schools;  engaged  in  the  war  against  the  Chero- 
kees;  colonel  of  a  regiment  in  the  Revolutionary 
army  and  promoted  to  the  rank  of  brigadier 
general  in  1780 ;  voted  the  thanks  of  Congress 
January,  1781 ;  opposed  to  ratification  in  con- 
ventions of  the  Federal  Constitution ;  elected  to 
the  First  and  Second  Congresses  (March  4, 1789- 
March  3,  1793)  ;  reelected  to  the  Fifth,  Sixth, 
and  Seventh  Congresses?,  and  served  from  March 
4,  1797,  to  December  15,  1801,  when  he  resigned ; 
elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  United  States  Sen- 
ate, to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  the  resignation  of 
Charles  Pinckney;  reelected  and  served  from 
December  3,  1801,  until  his  resignation,  in  1810; 
died  in  South  Mount,  S.  C.,  June  1,  1832. 

Sumter,  Thomas  D.,  a  Representative  from 
South  Carolina ;  was  a  native  of  Pennsylvania ; 
moved  to  Statesbury,  S.  C. ;  elected  as  a  Demo- 
crat to  the  Twenty-sixth  and  Twenty-seventh 
Congresses  (March  4,  1839-March  3,  1843). 


Sutherland,  George,  a  Representative  and  a 
Senator  from  Utah;  born  in  Buckinghamshire, 
England,  March  25,  1862;  was  brought  by  his 
parents  to  the  United  States  in  1864  and  settled 
in  Utah ;  received  a  common  school  and  aca- 
demic education;  was  graduated  from  the  law 
department  of  the  University  of  Michigan  in 
1883,  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  that  State 
in  March,  1883,  and  commenced  practice  in  Utah 
in  that  year;  member  of  the  state  senate  1896- 
1900 ;  delegate  to  the  Republican  national  conven- 
tions in  1900,  1904,  1908,  and  1912;  elected  as  a 
Republican  to  the  Fifty -seventh  Congress  (March 
4,  1901-March  3,  1903)  ;  declined  a  renomination 
to  the  Fifty-eighth  Congress;  elected  to  the 
United  States  Senate  for  the  term  beginning 
March  4,  1905;  reelected  for  the  term  expiring 
March  3,  1917. 

Sutherland,  Jabez  Gridley,  a  Representative 
from  Michigan ;  born  in  Onondaga  county,  N.  Y., 
October  6,  1825;  completed  preparatory  studies; 
studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  began 
practice  in  1848;  prosecuting  attorney  of  Sagi- 
naw  county,  Mich.,  in  1848-1849 ;  delegate  to  the 
state  constitutional  conventions  in  1850  and 
1867;  member  of  the  state  house  of  representa- 
tives in  1853;  circuit  judge  1863  and  1869; 
elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Forty-second  Con- 
gress (March  4,  1871-March  3,  1879)  ;  died  in 
Berkeley,  Cal.,  November  20,  1902;  interment  in 
Salt  Lake  City,  Utah. 

Sutherland,  Joel  Barlow,  a  Representative 
from  Pennsylvania ;  born  in  Gloucester  county, 
N.  J.,  in  1791;  attended  the  common  schools, 
and  was  graduated  from  the  university  of  Penn- 
sylvania in  1812 ;  served  in  the  War  of  1812  as 
assistant  surgeon  to  "  Junior  Artillerists  of 
Philadelphia,"  transferred  to  the  line  and  was 
appointed  in  1814  lieutenant  colonel  of  rifles  in 
the  state  militia ;  member  of  the  state  house  of 
representatives  1813-1816;  physician  to  Lafay- 
ette; member  of  the  state  senate  1816-1817; 
abandoned  medicine  for  the  practice  of  law; 
elected  as  a  Jackson  Democrat  to  the  Twentieth, 
Twenty-first,  Twenty-second,  Twenty-third,  and 
Twenty-fourth  Congresses  (March  4,  1827- 
March  3,  1837)  ;  defeated  as  a  Whig  candidate 
for  the  Twenty-fifth  Congress;  associate  judge 
of  the  court  of  common  pleas  of  Philadelphia, 
Pa.,  1833-1834;  died  in  Philadelphia,  Pa.,  No- 
vember 15,  1861. 

Sutherland,  Josiah,  a  Representative  from 
New  York ;  born  in  Hudson,  N.  Y. ;  received  a 
limited  education ;  held  several  local  offices ; 
elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Thirty-second  Con- 
gress (March  4,  1851-March  3,  1853). 

Sutherland,  Rhoderick  Dhu,  a  Representative 
from  Nebraska ;  born  in  Scotchgrove,  Jones 
county,  Iowa,  April  27,  1862;  attended  the  com- 
mon schools  and  Amity  College,  College  Springs, 
Iowa ;  admitted  to  the  bar  in  Nuckolls  county, 
Nebr.,  in  1888;  elected  county  attorney  in  1890, 
1892,  and  1894;  elected  as  a  Populist  to  the 
Fifty-fifth  and  Fifty-sixth  Congresses  (March 
4,  1897-March  3,  1901)  ;  after  leaving  Congress 
returned  to  Nelson,  Nebr.,  and  practiced  law. 

Swan,  John,  a  Delegate  from  North  Carolina: 
was  a  native  of  that  State;  completed  prepara- 
tory studies;  Delegate  to  the  Continental  Con 
gress  1787-1788. 

Swan,  Samuel,  a  Representative  from  New 
Jersey ;  born  in  Somerset  county,  N.  J.,  in  1771 ; 


1038 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIEECTOKY. 


elected  to  the  Seventeenth,  Eighteenth,  Nine- 
teenth, Twentieth,  and  Twenty-first  Congresses 
(March  4,  1821-March  3,  1831)  ;  died  in  Bruns- 
wick, N.  J.,  August  24,  1844. 

Swann,  Edward,  a  Representative  from  New 
York;  born  March  10,  1862;  attended  the  com- 
mon schools  and  was  graduated  from  Columbia 
college  in  1886;  admitted  to  the  bar  and  was 
engaged  in  practice  in  New  York  City ;  elected 
as  a  Democrat  to  the  Fifty-seventh  Congress,  to 
fill  vacancy  caused  by  the  death  of  Amos  J. 
Cummings  and  served  from  December  2,  1902, 
to  March  3,  1903. 

Swann,  Thomas,  a  Representative  from 
Maryland ;  born  in  Alexandria,  Va.,  February  3, 
1809;  attended  Georgetown  college  and  the  uni- 
versity of  Virginia ;  studied  law ;  secretary  of 
the  Neapolitan  United  States  commission ;  moved 
to  Baltimore  in  1834;  director  and  president  of 
the  Baltimore  &  Ohio  Railroad  1847-1853 ;  presi- 
dent of  the  Northwestern  Virginia  Railroad ; 
mayor  of  Baltimore  1856-1858;  governor  of 
Maryland  1865-1869;  elected  to  the  United 
States  Senate  in  1866,  but  declined  to  leave  the 
governor's  chair ;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the 
Forty-first,  Forty-second,  Forty-third.  Forty- 
fourth,  and  Forty-fifth  Congresses  (March  4, 
1869-March  3,  1879)  ;  died  near  Leesburg,  Va., 
July  24,  1883. 

Swanson,  Claude  Augustus,  a  Representative 
and  a  Senator  from  Virginia ;  born  in  Swanson- 
ville,  Pittsylvania  county,  Va.,  March  31,  1862; 
attended  the  public  schools ;  taught  public  school 
for  one  year;  attended  for  one  session  the  Vir- 
ginia agricultural  and  mechanical  college ;  was 
graduated  from  the  University  of  Virginia  in 
1886;  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  practiced  in 
Chatham,-  Va. ;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the 
Fifty-third,  and  to  the  six  succeeding  Congresses, 
and  served  from  March  4,  1893,  until  January 
30,  1906,  when  he  resigned ;  governor  of  Vir- 
ginia 1906-1910 ;  appointed  as  a  Democrat  to  the 
United  States  Senate,  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by 
the  death  of  John  W.  Daniel  for  the  term  ex- 
piring March  3,  1911.  Reelected  for  the  term 
ending  March  3,  1917. 

Swansick,  John,  a  Representative  from  Penn- 
sylvania;  elected  to  the  Fourth  and  Fifth  Con- 
gresses and  served  from  March  4,  1795,  until 
his  death  in  Philadelphia,  Pa.,  July  31,  1798. 

Swart,  Peter,  a  Representative  from  New 
York;  born  in  Schoharie,  N.  Y.,  July  5,  1752; 
attended  the  common  schools;  studied  law,  was 
admitted  to  the  bar,  and  practiced;  member  of 
the  state  house  of  representatives  1798-1799 ; 
elected  to  the  Tenth  Congress  (March  4,  1807- 
March  3,  1809)  ;  member  of  the  state  senate 
1817-1820;  died  in  Schoharie,  N.  Y.,  December 
9,  1829. 

Swasey,  John  Philip,  a  Representative  from 
Maine ;  born  in  Canton,  Me.,  September  4,  1839 ; 
attended  the  Canton  public  schools,  Dearborn 
Academy,  Hebron  Academy,  Maine  State  Semi- 
nary, and  Tufts  College;  enlisted  in  the  Union 
army  during  the  Civil  War  and  was  appointed 
first  lieutenant  in  company  K,  seventeenth 
Maine  regiment ;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in 
1863;  assessor  of  internal  revenue  1869-1870; 
member  of  the  state  house  of  representa- 
tives in  1874 ;  served  in  the  state  senate 
1875-1876;  member  of  Governor  Robie's  coun- 


cil in  1SS3-1SS4 ;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the 
Sixtieth  Congress,  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  the 
resignation  of  Charles  E.  Littlefield ;  reelected 
to  the  Sixty-first  Congress  and  served  from  De- 
cember 7,  1908,  to  March  3,  1911;  resumed  the 
practice  of  law  in  Canton,  Me. 

Swearingen,  Henry,  a  Representative  from 
Ohio ;  native  of  Pennsylvania ;  moved  to  Smith- 
field,  Ohio ;  held  several  local  offices ;  elected  to 
the  Twenty-fifth  Congress,  to  fill  vacancy  caused 
by  the  resignation  of  Daniel  Kilgore;  reelected 
to  the  Twenty-sixth  Congress,  and  served  from 
December  3,  1838,  to  March  3,  1841. 

Swearingen,  Thomas  Van,  a  Representative 
from  Virginia ;  born  near  Shepherdstown,  W. 
Va.,  May  5,  1784 ;  attended  the  common  schools ; 
elected  to  the  Sixteenth  and  Seventeenth  Con- 
gresses, and  served  from  March  4,  1819,  until 
his  death  in  Shepherdstown,  W.  Va.,  August  19, 
1822. 

Sweat,  Lorenzo  De  Medici,  a  Representative 
from  Maine;  born  in  Parsonville,  Me.,  May  26, 
1818;  was  graduated  from  Bowdoin  College  in 
1837  and  from  Harvard  law  school  in  1840 ;  was 
admitted  to  the  bar,  and  began  practice  in  New 
Orleans,  La.;  returned  to  Portland,  Me.;  held 
several  local  offices;  member  of  the  state  senate 
in  1862;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Thirty- 
eighth  Congress  (March  4,  1863-March  3,  1865)  ; 
defeated  for  the  Thirty-ninth  and  Fortieth  Con- 
gresses; delegate  to  the  Union  national  conven- 
tion in  Philadelphia  in  1868;  died  in  Portland, 
Me.,  July  26,  1898. 

Sweeney,  William  N.,  a  Representative  from 
Kentucky;  born  in  that  state,  May  5,  1832;  at- 
tended the  common  schools ;  studied  law,  ad- 
mitted to  the  bar,  and  practiced ;  elected  to  the 
Forty-first  Congress  (March  4,  1869-March  3, 
1871)  ;  died  in  1895. 

Sweeny,  George,  a  Representative  from  Ohio ; 
born  near  Gettysburg,  Pa.,  February  22,  1796; 
moved  to  Bucyrus.  Ohio ;  elected  to  the  Twenty- 
sixth  and  Twenty-seventh  Congresses  (March  4, 
1839-March  3,  1843)  ;  prosecuting  attorney  of 
Crawford  county  1844-1851;  died  in  Bucyrus, 
Ohio,  October  10,  1877. 

Sweet,  Willis,  a  Representative  from  Idaho ; 
born  in  Alburg  Springs,  Vt.,  January  1,  1856 ; 
attended  the  common  schools  and  the  Nebraska 
State  University ;  learned  the  printer's  trade  in 
Lincoln,  Nebr. ;  studied  law  and  was  admitted 
to  the  bar ;  moved  to  Moscow,  Idaho,  in  Septem- 
ber, 1881,  and  engaged  in  practice ;  appointed 
United  States  attorney  for  Idaho  in  May,  1888; 
appointed  associate  justice  of  the  supreme  court 
of  Idaho  November  25,  1889 ;  elected  as  a  Re- 
publican to  the  Fifty-first  Congress  upon  the  ad- 
mission of  the  state  of  Idaho  into  the  Union; 
reelected  to  the  Fifty-second  and  Fifty-third 
Congresses  and  served  from  December  1,  1890, 
to  March  3,  1895. 

Sweetser,  Charles,  a  Representative  from 
Ohio ;  was  a  native  of  Vermont ;  moved  to  Dela- 
ware, Ohio ;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the 
Thirty-first  and  Thirty-second  Congresses 
(March  4,  1849-March  3,  1853). 

Sweney,  Joseph  Henry,  a  Representative 
from  Iowa ;  bom  in  Warren  county,  Pa.,  Oc- 
tober 2,  1845;  attended  the  public  schools  of 
Pennsylvania  and  Iowa  and  was  graduated 


BIOGEAPHIES. 


1039 


from  the  Iowa  State  University;  was  admitted 
to  the  bar,  and  carried  on  farming  in  connec- 
tion with  the  practice  of  law ;  enlisted  in  the 
Union  army  and  served  as  sergeant  in  company 
K,  twenty-seventh  regiment  Iowa  Infantry ; 
colonel  of  the  sixth  regiment  national  guard  of 
Iowa  for  four  years  and  brigadier  and  inspector 
general  of  the  state ;  member  of  the  state  senate 
from  1883  to  1891,  and  served  as  president  pro 
tempore  in  1886 ;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the 
Fifty-first  Congress  (March  4,  1889-March  3, 
1891;  resumed  the  practice  of  law  in  Osage, 
Iowa. 

Swift,  Benjamin,  a  Representative  and  a 
Senator  from  Vermont;  born  in  Amenia,  N.  Y., 
April  8,  1780;  completed  preparatory  studies; 
studied  law,  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  began 
practice  in  Bennington,  Vt. ;  moved  to  Man- 
chester and  then  to  St.  Albans;  member  of 
the  state  house  of  representatives;  elected  as 
a  Whig  to  the  Twentieth  and  Twenty-first  Con- 
gresses (March  4,  1827-March  3,  1831)  ;  elected 
to  the  United  States  Senate  and  served  from 
March  4,  1833,  to  March  3,  1839;  died  in  St. 
Albans,  Vt,  November  11,  1847. 

Swift,  Zephaniah,  a  Representative  from 
Connecticut ;  born  in  Wareham,  Mass.,  February 
27,  1759 ;  was  graduated  from  Yale  College  in 
3778;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and 
began  practice  in  Windham,  Conn. ;  elected  as  a 
Federalist  to  the  Third  and  Fourth  Congresses 
(March  4,  1793-March  3,  1797)  ;  secretary  of 
the  French  mission  in  1800;  appointed  a  judge 
of  the  supreme  court  in  1801  and  chief  justice 
1806-1819;  member  of  the  state  house  of  rep- 
resentatives; died  in  Warren,  Ohio,  September 
27,  1823. 

Swinburne,  John,  a  Representative  from  New 
York ;  born  in  Deer  River,  Lewis  county,  N.  Y., 
May  30,  1820;  attended  the  public  schools  and 
academies  of  Denmark  and  Lowville,  Lewis 
county,  and  the  academy  in  Fairfield,  Herkimer 
county ;  was  graduated  from  the  Albany  Medical 
College  in  1847  and  commenced  practice  as  a  phy- 
sician and  surgeon ;  appointed  in  1861  chief  medi- 
cal officer  on  the  staff  of  Gen.  John  F.  Rath- 
bone,  and  placed  in  charge  of  the  depot  for  re- 
cruits in  Albany  ;  appointed  by  Governor  Morgan 
in  May,  1862,  auxiliary  volunteer  surgeon  at 
the  front,  with  the  rank  of  medical  superintend- 
ent of  New  York  wounded  troops,  and  reap- 
pointed  June  13  by  Governor  Seymour ;  ap- 
pointed by  the  Surgeon-General  of  the  United 
States  and  assigned  to  duty  in  Savage  Station 
by  General  McClellan ;  taken  prisoner  of  war 
June  29.  1862 ;  appointed  by  Governor  Seymour 
in  1864  health  officer  of  the  port  of  New  York, 
and  reappointed  by  Governor  Fenton  in  1866, 
holding  the  position  six  years;  in  charge  of  the 
American  Ambulance  Corps  during  the  siege  of 
Paris  by  the  Prussians  in  1870-1871;  elected 
mayor  of  Albany  in  1882  and  counted  out, 
but  after  fourteen  months'  litigation  was 
awarded  the  office  by  the  courts ;  elected  as  a 
Republican  to  the  Forty-ninth  Congress  (March 
4,  1885-March  3,  1887)  ;  died  in  Albany,  N.  Y., 
March  28,  1889. 

Swoope,  Jacob,  a  Representative  from  Vir- 
ginia;  was  a  native  of  that  state;  attended  the 
common  schools ;  held  several  local  offices ;  elect- 
ed as  a  Federalist  to  the  Eleventh  Congress 
(March  4,  1809-March  3,  1811). 


Swope,  John  Augustus,  a  Representative 
from  Pennsylvania ;  born  in  Gettysburg,  Pa., 
December  25.  1827 ;  was  graduated  from  Prince- 
ton College  in  1847 ;  studied  medicine,  but  relin- 
quished practice  after  a  few  years  in  order  to 
engage  in  mercantile  pursuits;  became  president 
of  the  Gettysburg  National  Bank  in  1879 ;  en- 
gaged in  manufacturing  and  agricultural  pur- 
suits ;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Forty-eighth 
Congress,  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  the  death  of 
William  A.  Duncan;  reelected  to  the  Forty- 
ninth  Congress  and  served  from  January  5,  1885, 
to  March  3,  1887;  moved  to  Washington,  D.  C., 
and  engaged  in  banking  business ;  died  in  Wash- 
ington, D.  C.,  December  6,  1910. 

Swope,  Samuel  F.,  a  Representative  from 
Kentucky ;  was  a  native  of  that  state ;  elected 
as  an  American  to  the  Thirty-fourth  Congress 
(March  4,  1855-March  3,  1857). 

Sykes,  George,  a  Representative  from  New 
Jersey ;  was  a  native  of  that  state ;  attended  the 
common  schools;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the 
Twenty-eighth  and  Twenty-ninth  Congresses 
(March  4,  1843-March  3,  1847). 

Sykes,  James,  a  Delegate  from  Delaware; 
born  in  Dover,  Del.,  March  27,  1761 ;  studied 
medicine,  and  was  admitted  to  practice ;  member 
of  the  state  senate  and  served  as  speaker ;  clerk 
of  peace  1777-1792 ;  sat  in  the  Continental  Con- 
gress 1777-1778 ;  clerk  of  the  state  house  of  rep- 
resentatives in  1796;  served  as  governor  of 
Delaware  under  the  constitution  of  1792  and 
served  from  March,  1801,  to  January,  1802;  died 
in  Dover,  Del.,  October  18,  1822. 

Symes,  George  Gifford,  a  Representative 
from  Colorado ;  born  in  Ashtabula  county, 
Ohio,  April  28,  1840;  attended  the  common 
schools;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar 
and  practiced;  enlisted  as  private  in  company 
B,  second  regiment  of  Wisconsin  volunteers, 
April  12,  1861;  wounded  in  the  first  battle 
of  Bull  Run;  adjutant  of  the  twenty-fifth  Wis- 
consin infantry ;  in  the  Sioux  Indian  campaign 
of  1862;  in  the  Vicksburg  campaign  of  1863 
and  the  Atlanta  campaign  of  1864  and  wounded 
in  the  battle  of  Atlanta,  July  22,  1864;  com- 
missioned colonel  of  the  forty-fourth  regiment 
of  Wisconsin  volunteers  in  August,  1864 ;  com- 
manded the  post  in  Paducah,  Ky.,  during  the 
summer  of  1865,  and  was  mustered  out  with  his 
regiment  in  Madison,  Wis.,  about  September  1, 
1865;  practiced  law  in  Paducah,  Ky. ;  associate 
justice  of  the  supreme  court  of  Montana  Ter- 
ritory 1869-1871;  resumed  the  practice  of  law 
in  Helena,  Mont. ;  moved  to  Denver,  Colo.,  in 
1874 ;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Forty- 
ninth  and  Fiftieth  Congresses  (March  4,  1885- 
March  3,  1889)  ;  after  leaving  Congress  de- 
voted his  time  to  the  management  of  his  per- 
sonal interests  and  practiced  law;  died  in  Den- 
ver, Colo.,  November  3,  1893. 

Symmes,  John  Cleves,  a  Delegate  from  New 
Jersey ;  born  on  Long  Island,  N.  Y.,  July  21, 1742 ; 
completed  preparatory  studies;  moved  to  New 
Jersey ;  chairman  of  the  committee  of  safety 
of  Sussex  county  in  1774 ;  member  of  the  legis- 
lative council ;  served  in  the  Revolutionary  army ; 
chief  justice  of  the  state  supreme  court  1777- 
1787;  elected  to  the  Continental  Congress  1785- 
1786;  moved  to  the  Northwest  Territory  and 
settled  in  North  Bend,  below  Cincinnati;  ap- 
pointed by  Congress  one  of  the  three  judges  of 


1040 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTOEY. 


the  Northwest  Territory  in  1788,  and  held  the 
position  until  Ohio  became  a  State;  died  in 
Cincinnati,  Ohio,  February  26,  1814. 

Sypher,  Jay  Hale,  a  Representative  from 
Louisiana;  born  in  Perry  county,  Pa.,  July  22, 
1837;  was  graduated  from  Alfred  university; 
studied  law  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar;  en- 
tered the  Union  army  as  a  private  and  rose 
to  the  rank  of  brigadier-general ;  after  the  war 
resumed  the  practice  of  law  in  New  Orleans, 
La. ;  delegate  to  the  Republican  national  con- 
vention in  Chicago  in  1868;  elected  as  a  Re- 
publican to  the  Fortieth,  Forty-first,  and  Forty- 
second  Congresses  and  served  from  July  18, 1868, 
to  March  3,  1873;  presented  credentials  as  a 
Member-elect  to  the  Forty-third  Congress,  and 
served  from  March  4,  1873  to  March  3,  1875, 
when  he  was  succeeded  by  Effingham  Lawrence, 
who  contested  his  election ;  resumed  the  practice 
of  law  in  Washington,  D.  C. ;  died  in  Baltimore, 
Md.,  May  9,  1905. 

Taber,  Stephen,  a  Representative  from  New 
York ;  born  in  Dover,  N.  Y.,  March  7,  1821 ;  com1- 
pleted  preparatory  studies;  moved  to  Queens 
county  and  engaged  in  farming;  member  of  the 
state  legislature  1860-1861;  elected  as  a  Demo- 
crat to  the  Thirty-ninth  and  Fortieth  Congresses 
(March  4,  1865-March  3,  1869). 

Taber,  Thomas,  a  Representative  from  New 
York;  born  in  Dover,  N.  Y.,  May  19,  1785;  at- 
tended the  common  schools;  engaged  in  agri- 
cultural pursuits;  member  of  the  state  house  of 
representatives  in  1826;  elected  as  a  Democrat 
to  the  Twentieth  Congress,  to  fill  vacancy  caused 
by  the  resignation  of  Thomas  J.  Oakley,  and 
served  from  December  1,  1828,  to  March  3,  1829 ; 
died  in  Roslyn,  Long  Island,  N.  Y.,  March  21, 
1862. 

Tabor,  Horace  Austin  Warner,  a  Senator 
from  Colorado ;  born  in  Holland,  Orleans  county, 
Vt.,  November  26,  1830;  attended  the  common 
schools  and  received  instruction  from  a  private 
tutor;  moved  to  Quincy,  Mass.,  and  pursued 
the  stonecutter's  trade;  moved  to  Kansas  in 
1855 ;  member  of  the  Topeka  legislature  when  it 
was  dispersed  by  order  of  President  Pierce; 
moved  to  Denver,  Colo.,  in  1859,  settled  in  Lead- 
ville  in  1860;  engaged  in  mercantile  pursuits; 
postmaster  of  Leadville;  mayor  1878-1879; 
treasurer  of  Lake  county;  lieutenant  governor 
of  Colorado  1878-1884 ;  elected  as  a  Republican 
to  the  United  States  Senate,  to  fill  vacancy 
caused  by  the  resignation  of  Henry  M.  Teller, 
and  served  from  January  27,  1883,  until  March 
3,  1883;  postmaster  of  Denver.  Colo.,  until  his 
death,  April  10,  1899. 

Taffe,  John,  a  Representative  from  Nebraska ; 
born  in  Indianapolis.  Ind..  January  30,  1827 ; 
completed  preparatory  studies ;  studied  law,  and 
was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  Indianapolis.  Ind. : 
moved  to  Nebraska  in  1856;  served  in  both 
branches  of  the  Nebraska  territorial  assembly; 
enlisted  in  the  Union  army  as  a  major  of  the 
second  Nebraska  cavalry;  elected  as  a  Republi- 
can to  the  Fortieth,  Forty-first,  and  Forty- 
second  Congresses  (March  4,  1867-March  3, 
1873). 

Taft,  Charles  Phelps,  a  Representative  from 
Ohio ;  born  in  Cincinnati,  Ohio.  December  21, 
1843;  attended  the  common  schools  and  was 
graduated  from  Phillips  academy  in  1860,  from 


Yale  college  in  1864,  and  from  Columbia  college 
law  school  of  New  York  in  1866 ;  went  to  Ger- 
many and  was  graduated  from  the  University 
of  Heidelberg  in  1867 ;  was  admitted  to  the  bar 
and  practiced  law  in  Cincinnati.  Ohio ;  member 
of  the  state  house  of  representatives  in  1871 : 
editor  of  the  Cincinnati  Times-Star;  member  of 
the  board  of  sinking-fund  trustees  of  the  city  of 
Cincinnati ;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Fifty- 
fourth  Congress  (March  4,  1895-March  3,  1897)  ; 
resumed  newspaper  business  in  Cincinnati,  Ohio. 

Taggart,  Samuel,  a  Representative  from  Mas- 
sachusetts; born  in  Londonderry,  N.  H.,  March 

24,  1754;  was  graduated  from  Dartmouth  col- 
lege in  1774 ;  studied  theology,  licensed  to  preach 
in  1776,  and  was  ordained  to  the  Presbyterian 
ministry    February   19,   1777.   and   installed  as 
pastor  of  a  church  in  Colerain,  Mass. ;  journeyed 
as  a    missionary   through   western   New   York ; 
elected  as  a  Federalist  to  the  Eighth,  and  to  the 
six    succeeding    Congresses     (March    4,    1803- 
March  3,  1817)  ;  died  in  Colerain,  Mass.,  April 

25,  1825. 

Tait,  Charles,  a  Senator  from  Georgia ;  born 
in  Louisa  county,  Va.,  February  1,  1768 ;  com- 
pleted preparatory  studies;  studied  law  and  was 
admitted  to  the  bar,  and  began  practice  in  El- 
bert  county.  Ga. ;  rector  and  instructor  in  the 
Richmond  academy,  in  Augusta,  in  1795 ;  presid- 
ing justice  of  the  superior  court  of  Georgia 
1803-1809 ;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  United 
States  Senate,  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  the 
resignation  of  John  Milledge;  reelected  and 
served  from  November  27,  1809,  to  March  3. 
1819;  moved  to  Wilcox  county,  Ala.,  in  1819; 
appointed  by  President  Monroe,  United  States 
district  judge  for  Alabama,  May  10,  1820,  and 
served  until  1826,  when  he  resigned  and  engaged 
as  a  planter  until  his  death  near  Claiborne,  Ala., 
October  17,  1835. 

Talbert,  William  Jasper,  a  Representative 
from  South  Carolina ;  born  in  Edgefield  county. 
S.  C.,  in  1846;  attended  the  common  schools 
and  Due  West  academy.  Abbeville,  S.  C. ;  served 
in  the  Confederate  army  throughout  the  war; 
engaged  in  farming;  member  of  the  state  house 
of  representatives  1880-1 884;  elected  to  the 
state  senate  in  1884 ;  superintendent  of  the  state 
penitentiary;  held  various  positions  in  the  Farm- 
ers' Alliance;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the 
Fifty-third,  Fifty-fourth,  Fifty-fifth,  Fifty-sixth, 
and  Fifty-seventh  Congresses  (March  4,  1893- 
March  3,  1903). 

Talbot,  Isham,  a  Senator  from  Kentucky; 
born  in  Bedford  county.  Va..  in  1773;  moved 
with  his  father  to  Harrodsburg,  Ky. ;  completed 
preparatory  studies ;  studied  law,  was  admitted 
to  the'  bar,  and  commenced  practice  in  Ver- 
sailles, Ky. ;  moved  to  Frankfort,  Ky.,  and  con- 
tinued practice;  member  of  the  state  senate 
1812-1815;  elected  to  the  United  States  Senate, 
to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  the  resignation  of  Jesse 
Bledsoe,  and  served  from  January  3,  1815.  to 
March  3,  1819 ;  again  elected  to  the  United  States 
Senate,  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  the  resignation 
of  William  Logan,  and  served  from  October  19, 
1820.  to  March  3,  1825;  died  near  Frankfort. 
Ky.,  September  25,  1835. 

Talbot,  Silas,  a  Representative  from  New 
York:  born  in  Dighton.  Mass..  January  11,  1751; 
completed  preparatory  studies:  went  to  sea  on 
a  coasting  vessel;  merchant  in  Providence. 


BIOGEAPHIES. 


1041 


R.  I. ;  lieutenant  and  captain  in  the  Revolu- 
tionary army ;  promoted  to  the  rank  of  major ; 
commissioned  captain  in  the  Continental  navy 
September  17,  1779,  and  retired  September  23, 
1801 ;  moved  to  Albany,  N.  Y.,  and  engaged  in 
agricultural  pursuits ;  member  of  state  house  of 
representatives  1792-1793 ;  elected  as  a  Federal- 
ist to  the  Third  Congress  (March  4,  1793-March 
3,  1795)  ;  again  commissioned  by  President 
Washington.  May  11,  1798,  captain  in  the  United 
States  navy;  resigned  September  21,  1801;  died 
in  New  York  City,  June  30,  1813. 

Talbott,  Albert  Gallatin,  a  Representative 
from  Kentucky;  born  in  Bourbon  county,  Ky., 
April  4,  1808 ;  completed  preparatory  studies ; 
located  in  Danville,  Ky. ;  held  several  local 
offices;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Thirty- 
fourth  and  Thirty-fifth  Congresses  (March  4, 
1855-March  3,  1859)  ;  died  in  Philadelphia,  Pa., 
September  8,  1887 ;  interment  in  Danville,  Ky. 

Talbott,  Joshua  Frederick  C.,  a  Representa- 
tive from  Maryland ;  born  near  Lutherville,  Bal- 
timore county,  Md.,  July  29,  1843 ;  attended  the 
public  schools ;  began  the  study  of  law  in  1862 ; 
joined  the  Confederate  army  in  1864,  and  served 
as  a  private  in  the  second  Maryland  cavalry 
throughout  the  war ;  was  admitted  to  the  bar 
September  6,  1866;  prosecuting  attorney  for  Bal- 
timore county  1871-1875 ;  defeated  for  reelec- 
tion ;  delegate  to  the  Democratic  national  con- 
vention in  St.  Louis,  Mo.,  in  1876,  and  the  con- 
vention of  1904;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the 
Forty-sixth,  Forty-seventh,  and  Forty-eighth 
Congresses  (March  4,  1879-March  3,  1885)  ;  ap- 
pointed insurance  commissioner  of  Maryland  in 
October,  1889,  and  resigned  in  January,  1893 ; 
reelected  to  the  Fifty-third  Congress  (March  4, 
1893-March  3,  1895)  ;  again  elected  to  the  Fifty- 
eighth,  Fifty-ninth.  Sixtieth,  and  Sixty-first  Con- 
gresses (March  4.  1903-March  3,  1911)  ;  dele- 
gate to  the  Democratic  national  convention  in 
Denver,  Colo.,  in  1908.  Reelected  to  the  Sixty- 
second  Congress. 

Taliaferro,  Benjamin,  a  Representative  from 
Georgia ;  born  in  Virginia  in  1750 ;  completed 
preparatory  studies ;  served  in  the  Revolutionary 
war  as  a  lieutenant  in  the  rifle  corps  commanded 
by  Gen.  Morgan ;  was  promoted  to  captain ;  cap- 
tured by  the  British  at  Charleston ;  after 
independence  had  been  established  located  in 
Georgia ;  member  of  the  state  senate  and  its 
president;  delegate  in  the  state  constitutional 
convention  of  1798 ;  elected  to  the  Sixth  and 
Seventh  Congresses,  and  served  from  March  4, 
1799,  until  his  resignation  in  1802 ;  judge  of  the 
superior  court;  died  in  Wilkes  county,  Ga.,  Sep- 
tember 3,  1821. 

Taliaferro,  James  Piper,  a  Senator  from 
Florida ;  born  in  Orange,  Va.,  September  30, 
1847 ;  attended  the  common  schools  and  the 
William  Dinwiddie  school  in  Greenwood,  Va. ; 
enlisted  in  the  Confederate  army  in  1864,  and 
served  until  the  war  ended ;  resumed  his  studies 
in  college ;  moved  to  Jacksonville,  Fla. ;  engaged 
in  the  lumber  business;  president  of  the  First 
National  Bank  of  Tampa ;  elected  as  a  Demo- 
crat, April  19,  1899,  to  the  United  States  Sen- 
ate, for  the  term  commencing  March  4,  1899; 
reelected  in  1905,  and  served  from  April  19, 
1899,  to  March  3,  1911;  resumed  business  in 
Jacksonville,  Fla. 


Taliaferro,  John,  a  Representative  from  Vir- 
ginia;  born  in  Hays,  King  George  county,  Va., 
in  1768;  attended  the  common  schools;  studied 
law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  practiced  in 
Fredericksburg,  Va. ;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to 
the  Seventh  Congress  (March  4,  1801-March  3, 
1803):  presidential  elector  on  the  Jefferson  ticket 
in  1805;  successfully  contested  the  election  of 
John  Hungerford  to  the  Twelfth  Congress,  and 
served  from  December  2,  1811,  to  March  3,  1813 ; 
presidential  elector  on  the  Monroe  ticket  in 
1821 ;  elected  to  the  Eighteenth  Congress,  to  fill 
vacancy  caused  by  the  death  of  William  L.  Ball; 
reelected  to  the  Nineteenth,  Twentieth,  and 
Twenty-first  Congresses,  and  served  from  April 
8,  1824,  to  March  3,  1831;  again  elected  to  the 
Twenty-fourth,  Twenty-fifth,  Twenty-sixth,  and 
Twenty-seventh  Congresses  (March  4,  1835- 
March  3,  1843)  ;  librarian  of  the  United  States 
Treasury  department,  1850,  until  his  death  in 
his  residence,  *'  Hagley,"  in  King  George  county, 
Va.,  August  12,  1852. 

Tallmadge,  Benjamin,  a  Representative  from 
Connecticut;  born  in  Brookhaven,  Long  Island, 
N.  Y.,  February  25,  1754;  was  graduated  from 
Yale  college  in  1773 ;  superintendent  of  Wethers- 
field  high  school  1773-1776;  joined  the  Revolu- 
tionary army  as  lieutenant  in  the  Continental 
line,  June  20,  1776 ;  promoted  captain  of  dra- 
goons December  15,  1776;  major,  April  7,  1777, 
and  colonel,  September  5,  1779 ;  led  the  expedi- 
tion against  Fort  George,  at  Oyster  Bay,  L.  I., 
for  which  he  received  the  thanks  of  Congress ;  in 
charge  of  Major  John  Andre  until  his  execution ; 
postmaster  of  Litchfield,  Conn. ;  held  several 
local  offices;  elected  as  a  Federalist  to  the  Sev- 
enth, and  to  the  seven  succeeding  Congresses 
(March  4,  1801-March  3,  1817)  ;  died  in  Litch- 
field, Conn.,  March  6,  1835. 

Tallmadge,  Frederick  Augustus,  a  Repre- 
sentative from  New  York ;  born  in  Litchfield, 
Conn.,  August  29,  1792 ;  was  graduated  from 
Yale  college  in  1811 ;  studied  law  in  the  Litch- 
field law  school,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and 
began  practice  in  New  York  City  in  1813 ;  served 
in  the  War  of  1812 ;  alderman  of  New  York  City 
in  1834 ;  common  councilman  in  1836 ;  member  of 
the  state  senate  1837-1840;  recorder  of  the  city 
of  New  York  1841-1846;  elected  as  a  Whig  to 
the  Thirtieth  Congress  (March  4,  1847-March  3, 
1849)  ;  again  recorder  of  the  city  of  New  York 
1848-1851 ;  superintendent  of  the  Metropolitan 
police  1857-1862;  clerk  of  the  New  York  court 
of  appeals  1862-1865;  resumed  the  practice  of 
law  in  New  York  City ;  died  in  Litchfield,  Conn., 
September  17,  1869. 

Tallmadge,  James,  a  Representative  from 
New  York ;  born  in  Stanfordville,  Duchess 
county,  N.  Y.,  January  28,  1778;  was  graduated 
from  Brown  university  in  1798;  studied  law, 
was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  practiced  in  Pough- 
keepsie,  N.  Y.,  and  in  New  York  City ;  served  in 
the  War  of  1812,  and  commanded  a  company  of 
home  guards  in  defense  of  New  York ;  elected  as 
a  Democrat  to  the  Fifteenth  Congress  (March  4, 
1817-March  3,  1819);  declined  a  renomination ; 
delegate  in  the  state  constitutional  conventions 
of  1821  and  1846;  member  of  the  state  assembly 
in  1824 ;  lieutenant  governor  of  New  York  1826- 
1S27;  died  in  New  York  City,  September  29, 
1853. 


50346°— S.  Doc.  654,  61-2 66 


1042 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 


Tallmadge,  Nathaniel  Pitcher,  a  Senator 
from  New  York ;  born  in  Chatham,  Columbia 
county,  N.  Y.,  February  8,  1795 ;  was  graduated 
from  Union  college  in  1815;  studied  law,  was 
admitted  to  the  bar  in  1818,  and  began  practice 
in  Poughkeepsie,  N.  Y. ;  member  of  the  state 
house  of  -representatives  in  1828,  served  in  the 
state  senate  183O-1833;  elected  as  a  Conserva- 
tive Democrat  to  the  United  States  Senate; 
reelected  in  1839,  and  served  from  March  4,  1833, 
until  June  17,  1844,  when  he  resigned ;  appointed 
by  President  Tyler  governor  of  Wisconsin  Terri- 
tory; resided  in  Fond  du  Lac,  Wis.,  from  Sep- 
tember 13,  1844,  until  his  removal  from  office, 
May  13,  1845;  died  in  Battle  Creek,  Mich.,  No- 
vember 2,  1864. 

Tallman,  Peleg,  a  Representative  from  Mas- 
sachusetts ;  born  in  Tiverton,  R.  I.,  July  24,  1764  ; 
attended  the  public  schools ;  served  in  the  Revo- 
lutionary war  on  the  privateer  Trmnltull,  and 
lost  an  arm  in  an  engagement  in  1780 ;  captured 
and  imprisoned  in  England  and  Ireland  1781- 
1783;  became  a  merchant  in  Bath,  Me.;  elected 
as  a  Democrat  to  the  Twelfth  Congress  (March 
4,  1811-March  3,  1813)  ;  declined  a  renomina- 
tion;  member  of  the  state  senate  1821-1822; 
died  in  Bath,  Me.,  March  12, 1840. 

Tannehill,  Adamson,  a  Representative  from 
Pennsylvania ;  born  in  Frederick  county,  Md., 
in  1752 ;  attended  the  public  schools ;  served 
in  the  Revolutionary  War  as  captain  of  rifle- 
men; moved  to  Pennsylvania  and  became  a 
farmer  near  Pittsburgh;  held  several  local 
offices;  brigadier  general  of  Pennsylvania  volun- 
teers in  the  United  States  service  from  Septem- 
ber 25,  1812,  until  December  31,  1812;  elected 
as  a  Democrat  to  the  Thirteenth  Congress 
(March  4,  1813-March  3,  1815)  ;  died  near  Pitts- 
burgh, Pa.,  July  7,  1817. 

Tanner,  Adolphus  Hitchcock,  a  Representa- 
tive from  New  York ;  born  in  Granville,  N.  Y., 
May  23,  1833 ;  completed  preparatory  studies ; 
studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  began 
practice  in  Whitehall,  N.  Y. ;  entered  the  Union 
army  in  1862  as  a  captain,  and  made  lieutenant 
colonel  of  the  one  hundred  and  twenty-third 
regiment  of  New  York  volunteer  infantry ; 
elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Forty-first  Con- 
gress (March  4,  1869-March  3,  1871)  ;  died  in 
Whitehall,  N.  Y.,  January  14,  1882. 

Tappan,  Benjamin,  a  Senator  from  Ohio; 
born  in  Northampton,  Mass.,  May  25,  1773;  at- 
tended the  public  schools ;  printer  and  engraver ; 
studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  be- 
gan practice  in  Steubenville,  Ohio,  in  1799 ; 
member  of  the  state  house  of  representatives  in 
1803 ;  served  in  the  War  of  1812  as  aid  to  Gen. 
William  Wadsworth ;  held  several  local  posi- 
tions; county  judge  and  judge  of  the  fifth  Ohio 
circuit  court  of  common  pleas ;  United  States 
district  judge  of  Ohio  in  1833 ;  elected  as  a 
Democrat  to  the  United  States  Senate  and 
served  from  March  4,  1839.  to  March  3,  1845; 
died  in  Steubenville,  Ohio,  April  20,  1857. 

Tappan,  Mason  Weare,  a  Representative  from 
New  Hampshire;  born  in  Newport,  Sullivan 
county,  N.  H.,  October  20,  1817;  attended  Kim- 
ball  Union  academy ;  studied  law,  was  admitted 
to  the  bar  in  1841,  and  began  practice  in  Brad- 
ford, N.  H. ;  served  in  the  state  house  of  repre- 
sentatives 1853-1855;  elected  as  a  Republican  to 
the  Thirty-fourth,  Thirty-fifth,  and  Thirty-sixth 


Congresses  (March  4,  1855-March  3,  1861)  ; 
served  in  the  Union  army  as  colonel  of  the 
first  New  Hampshire  volunteer  infantry;  again 
a  member  of  the  state  legislature  1860-1861 ;  re- 
sumed the  practice  of  law;  appointed  attorney 
general  of  the  state  in  1876,  which  position  he 
held  until  his  death  in  Bradford,  N.  H.,  October 
26,  1886. 

Tarbox,  John  Kemble,  a  Representative  from 
Massachusetts ;  born  in  Methuen,  near  Law- 
rence, Mass.,  May  6,  1838 ;  pursued  classical 
studies ;  engaged  in  newspaper  work ;  studied 
law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1860,  and  prac- 
ticed ;  served  in  the  Union  army  as  first  lieuten- 
ant in  the  eighth  Massachusetts  volunteer  infan- 
try; member  of  the  state  house  of  representa- 
tives 1868,  1870,  and  1871,  and  of  the  state  sen- 
ate in  1872;  mayor  of  Lawrence  in  1873  and 
1874 ;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Forty-fourth 
Congress  (March  4,  1875-March  3,  1877)  ;  unsuc- 
cessful candidate  for  reelection  to  the  Forty-fifth 
Congress;  city  solicitor  of  Lawrence,  Mass.,  in 
1882  and  1883 ;  insurance  commissioner  of  Mas- 
sachusetts 1884-1887;  died  in  Boston,  Mass., 
May  28,  1887. 

Tarr,  Christian,  a  Representative  from  Penn- 
sylvania ;  born  in  Baltimore,  Md. ;  moved  to 
Pennsylvania ;  received  a  limited  schooling ; 
elected  to  the  Fifteenth  and  Sixteenth  Con- 
gresses (March  4,  1817-March  3,  1821). 

Tarsney,  John  C.,  a  Representative  from 
Missouri ;  born  in  Lenawee  county,  Mich.,  No- 
vember 7,  1845;  attended  the  common  schools; 
enlisted  in  the  fourth  regiment  Michigan  infan- 
try in  August,  1862 ;  mustered  out  of  the  service 
in  June,  1865 ;  entered  the  high  school  in  Hud- 
son, Mich. ;  was  graduated  in  March,  1869,  from 
the  law  department  of  the  University  of  Michi- 
gan, was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  practiced  in 
Hudson,  Mich. ;  moved  to  Kansas  City,  Mo.,  in 
1872;  city  attorney  of  Kansas  City  in  1874  and 
1875 ;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Fifty-first, 
Fifty-second,  and  Fifty-third  Congresses  (March 
9,  1889-March  3,  1895)  ;  presented  credentials  as 
a  Member  elect  to  the  Fifty-fourth  Congress,  and 
served  from  March  4,  1895,  to  February  27,  1896, 
when  he  was  succeeded  by  Robert  T.  Van  Horn, 
who  contested  his  election;  associate  justice  of 
the  supreme  court  of  Oklahoma  1896-1899. 

Tarsney,  Timothy  Edward,  a  Representative 
from  Michigan ;  born  in  Ransom,  Hillsdale 
county,  Mich.,  February  4,  1849;  attended  the 
common  schools ;  became  a  marine  engineer ;  was 
graduated  from  the  law  department  of  Michigan 
University  in  1872,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and 
practiced  in  East  Saginaw,  Mich. ;  justice  of  the 
peace  1873-1874 ;  city  attorney  1875-1878,  when 
he  resigned :  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Forty- 
ninth  and  Fiftieth  Congresses  (March  4,  1885- 
March  3,  1889)  ;  moved  to  Detroit,  Mich.,  and 
engaged  in  the  practice  of  law;  corporation 
counsel  of  Detroit ;  died  in  Detroit,  Mich.,  June 
8,  1909. 

Tate,  Farish  Carter,  a  Representative  from 
Georgia ;  born  in  Jasper,  Pickens  county,  Ga., 
November  20, 1856 ;  attended  the  common  schools 
and  North  Georgia  agricultural  college,  in  Dah- 
lonega,  Ga. ;  studied  law  and  was  admitted  to 
the  bar  in  1880 ;  member  of  the  general  assem- 
bly of  Georgia  six  years;  elected  as  a  Democrat 
to  the  Fifty-third,  and  to  the  five  succeeding 
Congresses  (March  4,  1893-March  3,  1905)  ; 


BIOGRAPHIES. 


1043 


elected  United  States  district  attorney  for  the 
northern  district  of  Georgia ;  a  resident  of  Jas- 
per, Ga. 

Tate,  Magnus,  a  Representative  from  Vir- 
ginia ;  born  in  Berkeley  county,  Va.,  in  1760 ; 
studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  prac- 
ticed; engaged  in  agricultural  pursuits;  ap- 
pointed justice  of  the  Berkeley  county  court, 
May  19,  1798;  sheriff  of  Berkeley  county,  1819- 
1820;  moved  to  Virginia;  elected  to  the  house 
of  delegates  of  Virginia,  1797,  1S03,  1809  and 
1810;  elected  as  a  Federalist  to  the  Fourteenth 
Congress  (March  4,  1815-March  3,  1817);  died 
near  Martinsburg,  Va.,  March  30,  1823. 

Tattnall,  Edward  F.,  a  Representative  from 
Georgia ;  a  native  of  Savannah,  Ga. ;  completed 
preparatory  studies;  held  several  local  offices; 
elected  to  the  Seventeenth,  Eighteenth,  and 
Nineteenth  Congresses  (March  4,  1821-March3, 
1827). 

Tattnall,  Josiah,  a  Senator  from  Georgia; 
born  in  Bonaventure,  Ga.,  in  1764 ;  completed 
preparatory  studies;  went  with  his  father  to 
England  at  the  outbreak  of  the  Revolutionary 
war,  and  attended  Eaton  college;  ran  away  from 
England  and  enlisted  under  Gen.  Anthony  Wayne 
in  1782 ;  colonel  of  a  regiment  of  state  troops  in 
1793  for  protection  against  the  Indians,  and  was 
promoted  to  brigadier  general  in  1801 ;  member 
of  the  state  house  of  represenatives  1795-1796 ; 
elected  to  the  United  States  Senate,  to  fill  va- 
cancy caused  by  the  resignation  of  James  Jack- 
son, and  served  from  February  20,  1796,  to 
March  3,  1799 ;  governor  of  Georgia  1801 ;  re- 
signed in  November,  1802 ;  died  in  Nassau,  New 
Providence,  June  6,  1803 ;  interment  in  Bonaven- 
ture, Ga. 

Tatum,  Absalom,  a  Representative  from 
North  Carolina ;  elected  to  the  Fourth  Congress 
and  served  from  March  4,  1795,  to  1796,  when  he 
resigned. 

Taul,  Micah,  a  Representative  from  Ken- 
tucky ;  native  of  Virginia ;  moved  to  Kentucky ; 
elected  to  the  Fourteenth  Congress  (March  4, 
1815-March  3,  1817.) 

Taulbee,  William  Preston,  a  Representative 
from  Kentucky ;  born  in  Morgan  county,  Ky., 
October  22,  1851 ;  attended  private  schools ;  stud- 
ied for  the  ministry;  studied  law,  and  was 
admitted  to  the  bar  in  1881 ;  elected  clerk  of 
the  Magoffln  county  court  in  1878  and  1882; 
elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Forty-ninth  and 
Fiftieth  Congresses  (March  4,  1887-March  3, 
1889)  ;  declined  a  renomination ;  died  in  Wash- 
ington, D.  C.,  March  11,  1890. 

Tawney,  James  Albertus,  a  Representative 
from  Minnesota :  born  in  Mount  Pleasant  town- 
ship, near  Gettysburg,  Adams  county,  Pa.,  Jan- 
uary 3,  1855 ;  apprenticed  with  his  father  as 
a  blacksmith ;  subsequently  learned  the  trade  of 
machinist ;  moved  to  Winona,  Minn.,  August  1, 
1877.  where  he  was  employed  as  a  blacksmith 
and  machinist  until  January  1,  1881;  studied 
law  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar  July  10,  1882 ; 
attended  the  law  school  of  the  University  of 
Wisconsin ;  elected  to  the  state  senate  of  Minne- 
sota in  1890 ;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the 
Fifty-third,  and  to  the  eight  succeeding  Con- 
gresses (March  4,  1893-March  3,  1911)  ;  unsuc- 
cessful candidate  for  renomination ;  appointed 
by  President  Roosevelt  a  member  of  the  Interna- 


tional Joint  Commission  for  the  settlement  of 
questions  between  the  United  States  and  Canada. 

Tayler,  Robert  Walker,  a  Representative 
from  Ohio ;  born  in  Youngstown,  Ohio,  Novem- 
ber 26.  1852 ;  was  graduated  from  Western  Re- 
serve university  June.  1872 ;  taught  in  the  high 
school  in  New  Lisbon  (now  Lisbon),  Ohio; 
superintendent  of  schools  1873-1874 ;  editor  of 
the  Buckeye  State,  a  newspaper,  in  New  Lisbon, 
Ohio,  from  January,  1875,  to  November,  1876 ; 
was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  April,  1877,  and 
commenced  practice;  elected  prosecuting  attor- 
ney of  Columbiana  county  in  1880  and  served 
until  January,  1886;  elected  as  a  Republican  to 
the  Fifty-fourth,  and  to  the  three  succeeding  Con- 
gresses (March  4,  1895-March  3,  1903;  declined 
a  renomination  to  the  Fifty-eighth  Congress ; 
resumed  the  practice  of  law  in  Youngstown, 
Ohio ;  appointed  by  President  Roosevelt  United 
States  district  judge  for  the  northern  district  of 
Ohio;  died  in  Cleveland,  Ohio,  November  25, 
1910;  interment  in  Lisbon,  Ohio. 

Taylor,  Abner,  a  Representative  from  Illi- 
nois; born  in  Maine;  contractor,  builder,  and 
merchant ;  member  of  the  general  assembly  1884- 
1886;  delegate  in  the  Republican  national  con- 
vention of  1884 ;  moved  to  Chicago,  111. ;  elected 
as  a  Republican  to  the  Fifty-first  and  Fifty- 
second  Congresses  (March  4,  1889-March  3, 
1893)  ;  died  in  Washington,  D.  C.,  April  14,  1903. 

Taylor,  Alexander  Wilson,  a  Representative 
from  Pennsylvania ;  born  in  Indiana  county, 
Pa.,  March  22,  1815;  pursued  classical  studies; 
studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  be- 
gan practice  in  1841 ;  clerk  of  the  court  of  Indi- 
ana county  1845-1848;  member  of  the  state 
legislature  1859-1860;  elected  as  a  Republican 
to  the  Forty-third  Congress  (March  4,  1873- 
March  3,  1875)  ;  resumed  the  practice  of  law  in 
Indiana,  Pa. 

Taylor,  Alfred  Alexander,  a  Representative 
from  Tennessee;  born  in  Happy  Valley,  Carter 
county,  Tenn.,  August  6,  1848;  attended  the 
schools  of  Edge  Hill  and  Pennington,  N.  J. ; 
studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1870, 
and  practiced;  member  of  the  state  legislature 
1875-1876;  candidate  for  elector  on  the  Hayes 
and  Wheeler  ticket  in  1876 ;  candidate  for  elector 
on  the  Garfield  and  Arthur  ticket  in  1880 ;  unsuc- 
cessful Republican  candidate  for  governor  in 
1886;  delegate  in  the  Republican  national  con- 
vention of  1888 ;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the 
Fifty-first,  Fifty-second,  and  Fifty-third  Con- 
gresses (March  4,  1889-March  3,  1895)  ;  declined 
further  renomination ;  engaged  in  the  practice 
of  law  in  Johnson  City,  Tenn.,  and  interested  in 
agricultural  pursuits. 

Taylor,  Arthur  H.,  a  Representative  from 
Indiana ;  born  in  Caledonia  Springs,  Canada, 
February  29,  1852;  moved  with  his  parents  to 
Yates  county,  N.  Y.,  and  from  there  to  Indian- 
apolis, Ind. ;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar 
and  practiced;  elected  prosecuting  attorney  for 
the  eleventh  judicial  circuit  of  Indiana  in  1880 
and  1882;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Fifty- 
third  Congress  (March  4,  1893-March  3,  1895)  ; 
resumed  the  practice  of  law  in  Indianapolis, 
Ind. 

Taylor,  Caleb  N.,  a  Representative  from  Penn- 
sylvania ;  born  in  Berks  county,  Pa.,  July  27, 
1813;  completed  preparatory  studies;  engaged 


1044 


CONGRESSIONAL   DIRECTORY. 


in  farming ;  held  several  local  offices ;  elected  as 
a  Republican  to  the  Fortieth  Congress  (March  4, 
1867-March  3,  1869)  ;  successfully  contested  the 
election  of  John  R.  Reading  to  the  Forty-first 
Congress,  and  served  from  April  13,  1870,  until 
March  3,  1871. 

Taylor,  Edward  Livingston,  jr.,  a  Repre- 
sentative from  Ohio ;  born  in  Columbus,  Ohio, 
August  10,  1869;  attended  the  public  schools, 
and  was  graduated  from  the  Columbus  high 
school ;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in 
1891,  and  practiced  in  Columbus;  was  elected 
prosecuting  attorney  of  Franklin  county,  Novem- 
ber 4,  1899 ;  reelected  November  6,  1902 ;  elected 
as  a  Republican  to  the  Fifty-ninth,  Sixtieth,  and 
Sixty -first  Congresses  (March  4,  1905-March  3, 
1911*).  Reelected  to  the  Sixty-second  Congress. 

Taylor,  Edward  Thomas,  a  Representative 
from  Colorado ;  born  in  Metamora,  Woodford 
county,  111.,  June  19,  1858 ;  attended  the  common 
schools  of  Illinois  and  Kansas,  and  was  gradu- 
ated from  the  high  school  in  Leavenworth, 
Kans.,  in  1881 ;  moved  to  Leadville,  Colo. ;  prin- 
cipal of  Leadville  high  school  1881-1882 ;  studied 
law,  was  graduated  from  the  university  of 
Michigan  in  1884,  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  com- 
menced practice  in  Leadville,  Colo. ;  elected 
superintendent  of  schools  of  Lake  county  in 
1884;  deputy  district  attorney  in  1885;  in  1886 
moved  to  Aspen,  Colo.,  and  in  1887  to  Glenwood 
Springs,  and  continued  to  practice  his  profes- 
sion ;  elected  district  attorney  of  the  ninth  judi- 
cial district  in  1887 ;  member  of  the  state  senate 
1896-1908,  and  served  as  president  pro  tempore 
for  one  term ;  city  attorney  five  terms  and 
county  attorney  two  terms ;  elected  as  a  Demo- 
crat to  the  Sixty -first  Congress  (March  4,  1909- 
March  3,  1911).  Reelected  to  the  Sixty-second 
Congress. 

Taylor,  Ezra  Booth,  a  Representative  from 
Ohio,  born  in  Nelson,  Portage  county,  Ohio,  July 
9,  1823 ;  attended  common  and  select  schools  and 
academies;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the 
bar,  and  commenced  practice  in  Portage  county 
in  1845 ;  elected  prosecuting  attorney  in  1854 ; 
moved  to  Warren,  Trumbull  county,  Ohio,  in 
1861 ;  judge  of  the  court  of  common  pleas  for 
the  ninth  judicial  district  from  March,  1877, 
until  his  resignation,  September  5,  1880;  elected 
as  a  Republican  to  the  Forty-sixth  Congress,  to 
fill  vacancy,  caused  by  the  resignation  of  James 
A.  Garfield ;  reelected  to  the  Forty-seventh,  and 
to  the  five  succeeding  Congresses,  and  served 
from  December  13,  1880,  to  March  3,  1893;  re- 
sumed the  practice  of  law;  died  in  Warren, 
Ohio,  January  29,  1912. 

Taylor,  George,  a  Representative  from  Penn- 
sylvania ;  born  in  Ireland  in  1716 ;  received  a 
good  schooling :  came  to  the  United  States  in  1736 
and  settled  in  Durham,  Pa. ;  engaged  in  the  man- 
ufacture of  iron  in  Northampton,  Pa. ;  member 
of  the  colonial  house  of  representatives  1764- 
1769;  colonel  of  militia;  appointed  judge  of  the 
county  court  in  1770 ;  again  a  member  of  the 
provincial  house  of  representatives  in  1775; 
Delegate  in  the  Continental  Congress  1776-1777 ; 
signer  of  the  Declaration  of  Independence: 
moved  to  Easton,  Pa.,  and  died  there  February 
23,  1781. 

Taylor,  George,  a  Representative  from  New 
York,  born  in  Wheeling,  Va.,  October  19,  1820; 


completed  preparatory  studies ;  studied  medi- 
cine; studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and 
practiced  in  Indiana ;  moved  to  Alabama  in 
1844;  moved  to  Brooklyn,  N.  Y.,  in  1848,  where 
he  practiced;  held  several  local  offices;  elected 
as  a  Democrat  to  the  Thirty-fifth  Congress 
(March  4,  1857-March  3,  1859)  ;  unsuccessful 
candidate  for  reelection  to  the  Thirty-sixth  Con- 
gress; resumed  the  practice  of  law  in  Washing- 
ton, D.  C.,  and  died  there  January  18,  1894. 

Taylor,  George  Washington,  a  Representative 
from  Alabama ;  born  in  Montgomery  county, 
Ala.,  January  16.  1849;  while  a  schoolboy  in 
Columbia,  S.  C.,  enlisted  in  the  Confederate 
army;  served  a  few  weeks  with  the  South  Caro- 
lina state  troops  on  the  coast  near  Savannah, 
Ga.,  and  then  enlisted  in  company  D,  first  regi- 
ment South  Carolina  cavalry,  and  served  as  a 
courier  until  the  end  of  the  war;  was  graduated 
from  the  South  Carolina  university  in  1867 ; 
taught  school,  studied  law,  and  was  admitted  to 
the  bar  in  Mobile,  Ala.,  in  1871 ;  member  of  the 
state  assembly  of  Alabama  in  1878 ;  state  so- 
licitor for  the  first  judicial  district  of  Alabama, 
1890-1892;  declined  further  election;  elected  as 
a  Democrat  to  the  Fifty-fifth,  and  to  the  six 
succeeding  Congresses  (March  4,  1897-March  3, 
1911)  ;  chairman  of  the  Alabama  state  Demo- 
cratic convention  in  1901.  Reelected  to  the 
Sixty-second  Congress. 

Taylor,  Isaac  Hamilton,  a  Representative 
from  Ohio ;  born  near  New  Harrisburg,  Carroll 
county,  Ohio,  April  18,  1840 ;  attended  the  com- 
mon schools  and  completed  an  academic  course ; 
studied  law.  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar ;  clerk 
of  courts  in  Carroll  county,  Ohio,  from  January, 
1870,  until  February,  1877;  elected  as  a  Repub- 
lican to  the  Forty-ninth  Congress  (March  4, 
1885-March  3,  1887). 

Taylor,  John,  a  Senator  from  Virginia ;  born 
in  Caroline  county,  Va.,  in  1750;  was  graduated 
from  William  and  Mary  college  in  1770 ;  studied 
law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced 
practice  in  1774 ;  served  in  the  Revolutionary 
War  as  major ;  member  of  the  state  legislature 
1779-1787;  colonel  of  militia  under  Gen.  La- 
fayette; retired  from  the  practice  of  law  and 
engaged  in  agricultural  pursuits;  elected  as  a 
Democrat  to  the  United  States  Senate,  to  fill 
vacancy  caused  by  the  resignation  of  Richard 
Henry  Lee;  reelected  for  tfie  term  commencing 
March  4,  1793 ;  and  served  from  October  18, 
1792,  until  his  resignation  May  11,  1794 ;  presi- 
dential elector  on  the  Adams- Jefferson  ticket  in 
1797;  appointed  to  the  United  States  Senate, 
to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  death  of  Stevens  T. 
Mason,  and  served  from  June  4,  1803,  until  De- 
cember 7,  1803 ;  again  elected  to  the  United 
States  Senate,  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  the 
resignation  of  James  Pleasants;  reelected,  and 
served  from  December  18,  1822,  until  his  death 
in  Caroline  county,  Va.,  August  20,  1824. 

Taylor,  John,  a  Representative  and  a  Senator 
from  South  Carolina  ;  born  near  Columbia,  S.  C., 
May  4,  1770;  was  graduated  from  Princeton 
college  in  1790 ;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the 
bar,  and  in  1793  began  practice  in  Columbia, 
S.  C. ;  engaged  in  planting ;  member  of  both 
houses  of  the  state  legislature  for  several  years ; 
elected  to  the  Tenth  and  Eleventh  Congresses, 
and  served  from  March  4,  1807,  until  his  resig- 
nation, December  31,  1810 ;  elected  to  the  United 


BIOGRAPHIES. 


1045 


States  Senate,  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  the 
resignation  of  Thomas  Sumter;  reelected,  and 
served  from  December  19,  1810,  until  1816, 
when  he  resigned;  again  elected  to  the  Four- 
teenth Congress  (March  4,  1815-March  3,  1817)  ; 
unsuccessful  candidate  for  reelection  to  the  Fif- 
teenth and  the  Seventeenth  Congresses;  member 
of  the  state  senate  in  1822 ;  governor  of  South 
Carolina  1826-1828 ;  died  at  Taylors  Hill,  in  Co- 
lumbia, S.  C.,  February  23,  1832. 

Taylor,  John  J.,  a  Representative  from  New 
York ;  native  of  Massachusetts ;  moved  to 
Oswego,  N.  Y. ;  held  several  local  offices ;  elected 
as  a  Democrat  to  the  Thirty-third  Congress 
(March  4,  1853-March  3,  1855). 

Taylor,  John  L.,  a  Representative  from  Ohio; 
born  in  Stafford  county,  Va.,  March  7,  1805; 
completed  preparatory  studies;  studied  law,  was 
admitted  to  the  bar  in  1828,  and  began  practice 
in  Chillicothe,  Ohio,  in  1829 ;  major  general  in 
the  state  militia  for  several  years;  elected  as  a 
Whig  to  the  Thirtieth,  and  to  the  three  succeed- 
ing Congresses  (March  4,  1847-March  3,  1855)  ; 
served  as  clerk  in  the  Interior  department  in 
Washington,  D.  C.,  and  died  there  September 
6,  1870. 

Taylor,  John  May,  a  Representative  from 
Tennessee;  born  in  Lexington,  Tenn.,  May  18, 
1838;  attended  the  academy  in  Lexington  and 
Union  university,  Murfreesboro,  Tenn. ;  was 
graduated  from  the  law  school  of  Cumber- 
land university,  Lebanon,  Tenn. ;  was  admitted 
to  the  bar,  and  practiced;  enlisted  in  the 
Confederate  army  and  was  elected  first  lieu- 
tenant in  June,  1861,  and  promoted  to  captain ; 
elected  major  of  the  twenty-seventh  Tennessee 
regiment  in  1862 ;  elected  mayor  of  Lexington  in 
May,  1869 ;  delegate  in  the  state  constitutional 
convention  of  Tennessee  in  1870;  attorney-gen- 
eral of  the  eleventh  judicial  circuit  of  Tennessee 
1870-1878 ;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Forty- 
eighth  and  Forty -ninth  Congresses  (March  4, 
1883-March  3,  1887)  ;  resumed  the  practice  of 
law;  elected  criminal  judge;  member  of  the 
court  of  civil  appeals ;  died  in  Lexington,  Tenn.. 
February  17,  1911. 

Taylor,  John  W.,  a  Representative  from  New 
York;  born  in  Charlton,  N.  Y.,  March  26,  1784; 
was  graduated  from  Union  college  in  1803 ;  stud- 
ied law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1807,  and 
began  practice  in  Ballston  Spa,  N.  Y. ;  organized 
Ballston  Centre  academy ;  justice  of  the  peace 
in  1808;  member  of  the  state  assembly,  1812- 
1813 ;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Thirteenth, 
and  to  the  nine  succeeding  Congresses  (March 
4,  1813-March  3,  1833),  and  served  as  speaker 
during  the  second  session  of  the  Sixteenth  Con- 
gress, and  in  the  Nineteenth  Congress;  resumed 
the  practice  of  law  in  Ballston  Spa,  N.  Y. ;  mem- 
ber of  the  state  senate  1840-1841,  but  resigned 
in  consequence  of  a  paralytic  stroke;  moved  to 
Cleveland,  Ohio,  in  1843,  and  died  there  Sep- 
tember 8,  1854. 

Taylor,  Jonathan,  a  Representative  from 
Ohio;  native  of  Connecticut;  moved  to  New- 
ark, Ohio ;  held  several  local  offices ;  elected  as 
a  Democrat  to  the  Twenty-sixth  Congress 
(March  4,  1839-March  3,  1841). 

Taylor,  Joseph  Banner,  a  Representative 
from  Ohio ;  born  in  Belmont  county,  Ohio,  No- 
vember 7,  1830;  attended  the  common  schools 


and  Madison  college;  taught  school  and  was 
principal  of  the  Fairview  high  school ;  studied 
law  in  Cincinnati,  Ohio,  and  was  admitted  to 
the  bar  in  1859;  was  graduated  from  the  Cin- 
cinnati law  college  in  1860;  entered  the  Union 
army  as  captain  in  the  eighty-eighth  Ohio  vol- 
unteer infantry  and  was  judge  advocate  of 
the  department  of  Indiana ;  citizen  judge  advo- 
cate in  Indianapolis,  Ind.,  in  1865 ;  twice  elected 
prosecuting  attorney  of  Guernsey  county ;  dele- 
gate in  the  Philadelphia  Loyalists'  convention  of 
1866;  delegate  in  the  Republican  national  con- 
vention of  1880;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the 
Forty-seventh  Congress,  to  fill  vacancy  caused 
by  the  death  of  Jonathan  T.  Updegraff;  re- 
elected  to  the  Forty-eighth  Congress,  and  served 
from  January  16,  1882.  to  March  3,  1885;  re- 
elected  to  the  Fiftieth,  Fifty-first,  and  Fifty-sec- 
ond Congresses  (March  4,  1887-March  3,  1893)  ; 
died  in  Cambridge,  Ohio,  September  19,  1899. 

Taylor,  Miles,  a  Representative  from  Lou- 
isiana ;  native  of  the  state  of  New  York ;  com- 
pleted preparatory  studies;  studied  law,  was 
admitted  to  the  bar,  and  began  practice  in  Don- 
aldsonville.  La. ;  held  several  local  offices ;  elect- 
ed as  a  Democrat  to  the  Thirty -fourth,  Thirty- 
fifth,  and  Thirty-sixth  Congresses,  and  served 
from  March  4,  1855,  until  February  5,  1861, 
when  he  retired. 

Taylor,  Nathaniel  Green,  a  Representative 
from  Tennessee;  born  in  Happy  Valley,  Carter 
county,  Tenn.,  December  29,  1819;  was  gradu- 
ated from  Princeton  college  in  1840;  studied 
law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  practiced; 
presidential  elector  on  the  Scott  ticket  in  1853; 
elected  as  a  Whig  to  the  Thirty-third  Congress, 
to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  the  death  of  Brookins 
Campbell,  who  never  qualified,  and  served  from 
March  30,  1854,  to  March  3,  1855;  presidential 
elector  on  the  Bell  and  Everett  ticket  in  1860; 
reelected  to  the  Thirty-ninth  Congress  (March 
4,  1865-March  3,  1867)  ;  Commissioner  of  Indian 
Affairs  from  March  26,  1867,  to  April  21,  1869; 
died  in  Happy  Valley,  Carter  county,  Tenn., 
April  1,  1887. 

Taylor,  Nelson,  a  Representative  from  New 
York ;  born  in  South  Norwalk,  Conn.,  June  8, 
1821 ;  attended  the  common  schools ;  enlisted  for 
the  Mexican  war  as  captain  of  the  first  New 
York  infantry,  August  1,  1846,  and  was  honor- 
ably mustered  out  September  18,  1848 ;  located 
in  Stockton.  Cal. ;  member  of  the  state  senate 
in  1849 ;  elected  sheriff  in  1855 ;  president  of  the 
board  of  trustees  of  the  state  insane  asylum 
1850-1856;  moved  to  New  York  City;  studied 
law,  was  graduated  from  the  Harvard  law 
school  in  1860,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and 
practiced ;  unsuccessful  Democratic  candidate 
for  the  Thirty-seventh  Congress ;  served  in  the 
Union  army  as  colonel  of  the  seventy-second 
New  York  infantry,  July  23,  1861;  brigadier- 
general  of  volunteers,  September  7,  1862 ;  re- 
signed from  the  service,  January  19,  1863;  re- 
sumed the  practice  of  law  in  New  York  City ; 
elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Thirty-ninth  Con- 
gress (March  4,  1865-March  3,  1867)  ;  died  in 
South  Norwalk,  Conn.,  January  16,  1894. 

Taylor,  Robert,  a  Representative  from  Vir- 
ginia ;  born  in  Orange,  Va.,  April  29,  1763 ;  com- 
pleted preparatory  studies;  studied  law,  was 
admitted  to  the  bar,  and  practiced  in  Orange, 
Va. ;  held  several  local  offices ;  member  of  the 


1046 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 


state  senate  1804-1806,  and  served  as  speaker; 
elected  to  the  Nineteenth  Congress  (March  4. 
1825-March  3,  1827)  ;  died  on  his  estate, 
"  Meadow  Farm,"  in  Orange  county,  Va.,  July 
3,  1845. 

Taylor,  Robert  Love,  a  Representative  and  a 
Senator  from  Tennessee;  born  in  Happy  Valley, 
Carter  county,  East  Tennessee,  July  31,  1850; 
attended  common  schools  in  Athens,  Tenn.,  and 
Penuington,  N.  J. ;  engaging  in  making  bar-iron 
and  in  tobacco  raising ;  studied  law  in  Jonesboro, 
Tenn.,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  practiced; 
elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Forty-sixth  Con- 
gress (March  4,  1879-March  3,  1881)  ;  unsuc- 
cessful candidate  far  reelection  in  1880  and 
1882;  practiced  law  in  Johnson  City,  Tenn.,  in 
1880;  presidential  elector  on  the  Cleveland  and 
Hendricks  ticket  in  1884;  pension  agent  in 
Knoxville,  Tenn.,  1885-1887;  governor  of  Ten- 
nessee, 1887-1891;  again  Democratic  presiden- 
tial elector  on  the  Cleveland  ticket  in  1892 ;  re- 
sumed the  practice  of  law  in  Chattanooga. 
Tenn. ;  again  served  as  governor  of  Tennessee. 
1897-1899 ;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  United 
States  Senate  in  January,  1907,  for  the  term 
beginning  March  4,  1907,  and  served  until  his 
death  in  Washington,  D.  C.,  March  31,  1912. 

Taylor,  Vincent  Albert,  a  Representative 
from  Ohio;  born  in  Bedford,  Ohio,  December  6, 
1845;  attended  the  common  schools;  enlisted 
for  the  Civil  war  in  May,  1864,  in  company  H, 
one  hundred  and  fiftieth  Ohio  volunteer  infan- 
try, and  in  August  of  the  same  year  in  company 
H,  one  hundred  and  seventy-seventh  Ohio  vol- 
unteer infantry,  and  served  until  the  close  of 
the  war ;  began  business  as  a  manufacturer ; 
member  of  the  Ohio  senate,  1888-1890;  elected 
as  a  Republican  to  the  Fifty-second  Congress 
(March  4,  1891-March  3,  1893)  ;  president  of 
the  Taylor  Chair  Company  and  a  resident  of 
Bedford,  Ohio. 

Taylor,  Waller,  a  Senator  from  Indiana ;  born 
in  Lunenburg  county,  Va.,  before  1786 ;  attended 
the  common  schools;  studied  law,  was  admitted 
to  the  bar,  and  practiced ;  member  of  the  state 
legislature;  moved  to  Indiana  in  1805,  and  lo- 
cated in  Vincennes;  territorial  judge  in  1806; 
served  as  aid-de-camp  to  Gen.  William  H.  Harri- 
son in  the  war  of  1812;  appointed  territorial 
judge;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  United 
States  Senate;  reelected  and  served  from  No- 
vember 8,  1816,  to  March  3,  1825;  died  in 
Lunenburg,  Va.,  August  26,  1826. 

Taylor,  William,  a  Representative  from  New 
York ;  born  in  Suffleld,  Hartford  county,  Conn., 
October  12,  1791 ;  moved  with  his  parents  to 
Onondaga  county,  N.  Y. ;  attended  the  public 
schools ;  studied  medicine  and  was  admitted  to 
practice;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Twenty- 
third,  Twenty-fourth,  and  Twenty-fifth  Con- 
gresses (March  4,  1833-March  3,  1839)  ;  mem- 
ber of  the  state  house  of  representatives  in  1841 
and  1842 ;  delegate  in  the  state  constitutional 
convention  of  1846 ;  died  in  Manlius,  N.  Y.,  Sep- 
tember 16,  1865. 

Taylor,  William,  a  Representative  from  Vir- 
ginia, native  of  Alexandria,  Va. ;  completed 
preparatory  studies;  studied  law,  was  admitted 
to  the  bar,  and  began  practice  in  Rocking- 
ham  county,  Va. ;  held  several  local  offices ; 
elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Twenty-eighth  and 
Twenty-ninth  Congresses,  and  served  from 


March  4,  1843,  until  his  death  in  Washington, 
D.  C.,  January  17,  1846 

Taylor,  William  P.,  a  Representative  from 
Virginia ;  born  in  Fredericksburg,  Va. ;  received 
a  limited  schooling;  held  several  local  offices; 
elected  as  a  Whig  to  the  Twenty-third  Congress 
(March  4,  1833-March  3,  1835)  ;  unsuccessful 
candidate  for  reelection  to  the  Twenty-fourth 
Congress. 

Taylor,  Zachary,  a  Representative  from  Ten- 
nessee; born  in  Haywood  county,  Tenn.,  May  9, 
1849 ;  attended  the  common  schools  and  was 
graduated  from  the  Virginia  military  institute 
as  senior  captain  July  4,  1872;  was  graduated 
from  the  law  school  of  Cumberland  university. 
Lebanon,  Tenn.,  in  January,  1874,  was  admitted 
to  the  bar,  and  began  practice  in  Covington, 
Tenn.,  in  1878;  served  in  the  state  senate  in 
1880 ;  postmaster  of  Covington,  Tenn.,  from 
July  1,  1883,  to  January  1,  1885,  when  he  re- 
signed ;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Forty- 
ninth  Congress  (March  4,  1885-March  3,  1887)  ; 
located  in  Memphis,  Tenn.,  and  engaged  in  gen- 
eral life  insurance  business ;  delegate  in  the 
Republican  national  convention  of  1896;  a  resi- 
dent of  San  Antonio,  Tex. 

Tazewell,  Henry,  a  Senator  from  Virginia ; 
born  in  Brunswick  county,  Va.,  in  1753;  was 
graduated  from  William  and  Mary  college; 
studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  in 
1773  began  practice;  member  of  the  provincial 
house  of  burgesses  in  1775 ;  delegate  in  the  state 
constitutional  convention  of  1776;  judge  of  the 
state  supreme  court  1785-1793;  judge  of  the 
high  court  of  appeals  in  1793;  elected  to  the 
United  States  Senate,  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by 
the  resignation  of  John  Taylor,  and  served 
from  November  18,  1794,  until  his  death ; 
elected  President  of  the  Senate  pro  tempore 
December  7,  1795;  died  in  Philadelphia,  Pa., 
January  24,  1799. 

Tazewell,  Littleton  Waller,  a  Representative 
and  a  Senator  from  Virginia ;  born  in  Williams- 
burg,  Va.,  December  17,  1774 ;  was  graduated 
from  William  and  Mary  college  in  1791 ;  studied 
law,  was  admited  to  the  bar  in  1796,  and  began 
practice  in  James  City  county ;  member  of  the 
state  house  of  delegates  1796-1800 ;  elected  as  a 
Democrat  to  the  Sixth  Congress,  to  fill  vacancy 
caused  by  the  resignation  of  John  Marshall,  and 
served  from  November  26,  1800,  to  March  3, 
1801;  moved  to  Norfolk,  Va..  in  1802;  repre- 
sentative in  the  Virginia  legislature  in  1816; 
one  of  the  commissioners  of  claims  under  the 
treaty  with  Spain  ceding  Florida  in  1820 ;  de- 
clined the  mission  to  Great  Britain ;  elected  to 
the  United  States  Senate,  to  fill  vacancy  caused 
by  the  resignation  of  John  Taylor ;  reelected, 
and  served  from  December  7.  1824,  to  July  16. 
1832,  when  he  resigned ;  elected  President  of  the 
Senate  pro  tempore  July  9,  1832;  served  as  gov- 
ernor of  Virginia  from  1834  until  his  resig- 
nation in  1836;  died  in  Norfolk,  Va.,  March  6, 
1860. 

Teese,  Frederick  Halstead,  a  Representative 
from  New  Jersey;  born  in  Newark,  N.  J.,  Octo- 
ber 21,  1823 ;  was  graduated  from  Princeton  col- 
lege in  1843 ;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the 
bar,  and  began  practice  in  Newark,  N.  J. ;  mem- 
ber of  the  state  house  of  representatives  in 
1860-1861,  and  served  as  speaker;  presiding 
judge  of  the  court  of  common  pleas  of  Essex 


BIOGRAPHIES. 


1047 


county  from  1864,  until  his  resignation  in  1872 ; 
elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Forty-fourth  Con- 
gress (March  4,  1875-March  3,  1877)  ;  died  in 
New  York  City.  January  7,  1894. 

Telfair,  Edward,  a  Delegate  from  Georgia ; 
born  in  Scotland  in  1735;  pursued  classical 
studies  and  was  graduated  from  the  Kirkcud- 
bright grammar  school ;  came  to  the  United 
States  in  1758  as  agent  of  a  commercial  house 
and  located  in  Virginia ;  moved  to  Halifax, 
N.  C. ;  established  a  commission  house  in  Sa- 
vannah, Ga.,  in  1766;  active  in  pre-Revolution- 
ary  movements ;  Delegate  in  the  Continental 
Congress  1777-1779  and  1780-1783;  one  of  the 
signers  of  the  Articles  of  Confederation ;  com- 
missioner to  treat  with  the  Cherokees;  gov- 
ernor of  Georgia,  1786-1793 ;  died  in  Savannah, 
Ga.,  September  17,  1807. 

Telfair,  Thomas,  a  Representative  from 
Georgia ;  born  in  Savannah,  Ga.,  about  1780 ; 
was  graduated  from  Princeton  college  in  1805 ; 
studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  be- 
gan practice  in  Savannah,  Ga. ;  elected  to  the 
Thirteenth  and  Fourteenth  Congresses  (March 
4,  1813-March  3,  1817)  ;  died  in  Savannah,  Ga.. 
April  2,  1818. 

Teller,  Henry  Moore,  a  Senator  from  Colo- 
rado ;  born  in  Granger,  Allegany  county,  N.  Y., 
May  23,  1830 ;  attended  Rushford  academy  and 
Alfred  university ;  taught  school ;  studied  law 
and  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  Binghamton, 
N.  Y.,  in  1858;  moved  to  Illinois  in  1858.  and 
to  Colorado  in  1861 ;  major  general  of  Colorado 
militia,  1862-1864;  upon  the  admission  of  Col- 
orado as  a  state  was  elected  as  a  Republican  to 
the  United  States  Senate  and  took  his  seat  De- 
cember 4,  1876;  reelected  December  11,  1876, 
and  served  from  November  15,  1876,  until  his 
resignation,  April  17,  1882;  Secretary  of  the  In- 
terior in  the  cabinet  of  President  Arthur,  April 
6.  1882-March  4,  1885;  again  elected  as  a  Re- 
publican to  the  United  States  Senate  in  1885; 
reelected  in  1891 ;  again  elected,  and  as  an  In- 
dependent Silver  Republican  in  1897,  and  then, 
as  a  Democrat,  in  1903,  and  served  from  March 
4,  1885,  to  March  3,  1909;  declined  further  re- 
nomination  ;  member  of  the  Monetary  Commis- 
sion in  1908;  resumed  the  practice  of  law  in 
Denver,  Colo. 

Teller,  Isaac,  a  Representative  from  New 
York ;  born  in  Dutchess  county,  N.  Y.,  in  1798 ; 
completed  preparatory  studies;  held  several  lo- 
cal offices ;  elected  as  a  Whig  to  the  Thirty-third 
Congress,  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  the  resigna- 
tion of  Gilbert  Dean,  and  served  from  Decem- 
ber 4,  1854,  to  March  3.  1855;  died  in  Mattea- 
wan,  N.  Y.,  April  30,  1868. 

Temple,  William,  a  Representative  from 
Delaware;  born  in  Queen  Anne  county,  Md., 
February  28.  1814 ;  completed  preparatory  stud- 
ies ;  merchant  in  Smyrna,  Del. ;  member  of  the 
state  house  of  representatives  in  1844,  and  served 
as  speaker ;  acting  governor  of  Delaware  from 
May.  1846.  to  January,  1847;  member  of  the 
state  senate  1845-1854;  elected  as  a  Democrat 
to  the  Thirty-eighth  Congress,  but  died  before 
the  assembling  of  the  Congress,  in  Smyrna,  Del., 
May  28,  1863. 

Tener,  John  Kinley,  a  Representative  from 
Pennsylvania ;  born  in  County  Tyrone,  Ireland, 
July  25,  1863;  came  to  the  United  States  in 


1872;  attended  the  public  and  high  schools  of 
Pittsburgh,  Pa. ;  was  employed  by  manufactur- 
ing firms  and  corporations  in  and  about  Pitts- 
burgh, played  professional  base  ball  1885-1890; 
in  the  banking  business  in  Charleroi,  Pa. , 
elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Sixty-first  Con- 
gress, and  served  from  March  4,  1909,  to  Janu- 
ary 16,  1911,  when  he  resigned. 

Ten  Eyck,  Egbert,  a  Representative  from 
New  York;  born  in  Schodack,  Rensselaer 
county,  N.  Y.,  April  18, 1779 ;  was  graduated  from 
Williams  college  in  1799;  studied  law,  was  ad- 
mitted to  the  bar,  and  began  practice  in  Water- 
town,  N.  Y. ;  member  of  the  state  house  of  repre- 
sentatives 1812-1813,  and  served  as  speaker; 
delegate  in  "  the  state "  constitutional  conven- 
tion in  1822;  elected  to  the  Eighteenth  and 
Nineteenth  Congresses  (March  4,  1823-March  3, 
1827);  judge  of  the  Jefferson  county  courts; 
died  in  Watertown,  N.  Y.,  April  11,  1844. 

Ten  Eyck,  John  Conover,  a  Senator  from 
New  Jersey ;  born  in  Freehold,  Monmouth 
county,  N.  J.,  March  12,  1814 ;  completed  prepar- 
atory studies;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to 
the  bar  in  1835,  and  began  practice  in  Mount 
Holly,  N.  J. ;  prosecuting  attorney  for  Burling- 
ton county  1839-1849;  delegate  in  the  state  con- 
stitutional convention  of  1844 ;  elected  as'  a  Re- 
publican to  the  United  States  Senate,  and 
served  from  March  4, 1859,  to  March  3,  1865 ;  ap- 
pointed a  member  of  a  commission  to  revise  the 
New  Jersey  constitution  April  24,  1875,  and  for 
a  time  was  president  of  the  commission ;  died 
in  Mount  Holly,  N.  J.,  August  24,  1879. 

Tenney,  Samuel,  a  Representative  from  New 
Hampshire;  born  in  Byfield,  Mass.,  November 
27,  1748 ;  was  graduated  from  Harvard  college 
in  1772;  taught  school  in  Andover,  Mass.;  stud- 
ied medicine  and  began  practice  in  Exeter, 
N.  H. ;  surgeon  in  the  Revolutionary  war ;  after 
the  war  returned  to  Exeter;  delegate  in  the 
state  constitutional  convention  of  1788 ;  judge 
of  probate  for  Rockingham  county  1793-1800; 
elected  to  the  Sixth  Congress,  to  fill  vacancy 
caused  by  the  resignation  of  William  Gordon ; 
reelected  to  the  Seventh,  Eighth,  and  Ninth 
Congresses,  and  served  from  December  8,  1800, 
to  March  3,  1807 ;  died  in  Exeter,  N.  H.,  Febru- 
ary 6,  1816. 

Terrell,  Joseph  Meriwether,  a  Senator  from 
Georgia ;  born  in  Greenville,  Ga.,  June  6,  1861 ; 
attended  the  common  schools;  studied  law,  was 
admitted  to  the  bar  in  1882,  and  commenced 
practice  in  Greenville,  Ga. ;  served  as  a  repre- 
sentative in  the  general  assembly  1884-1887 ; 
member  of  the  state  senate  in  1890;  attorney 
general  of  Georgia  1892-1902;  governor  of 
Georgia  from  October,  1902.  to  July,  1907;  re- 
sumed the  practice  of  law  in  Atlanta,  Ga. ;  ap- 
pointed as  a  Democrat  to  the  United  States 
Senate,  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  the  death  of 
Alexander  S.  Clay,  and  served  from  November 
17,  1910,  until  his  resignation,  July  14,  1911 ; 
resumed  the  practice  of  law  in  Atlanta,  Ga.. 
and  died  there  November  17,  1912 ;  interment  in 
Greenville,  Ga. 

Terrell,  William,  a  Representative  from 
Georgia ;  born  in  Fairfax  county,  Va.,  about 
1786 ;  moved  with  his  parents  to  Georgia ;  pur- 
sued classical  studies;  attended  the  Medical 
college  of  Philadelphia  and  commenced  prac- 
tice in  Sparta,  Ga. ;  served  several  terms  in  the 


1048 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 


state  legislature;  held  various  local  offices; 
elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Fifteenth  and  Six- 
teenth Congresses  (March  4,  1817-March  3, 
1821)  ;  declined  a  renomination ;  died  in  Sparta, 
Ga.,  July  4,  1855. 

Terry,  Nathaniel,  a  Representative  from  Con- 
necticut; born  in  Enfield,  Conn.,  January  30, 
1768 ;  was  graduated  from  Yale  college  in  1786 ; 
judge  of  Hartford  county  court  1807-1809; 
member  of  the  state  house  of  representatives 
twelve  sessions;  elected  to  the  Fifteenth  Con- 
gress (March  4,  1817-March  3,  1819)  ;  member 
of  the  state  constitutional  convention  in  1818; 
mayor  of  Hartford,  Conn.,  in  1830;  general  of 
the  state  militia ;  died  in  New  Haven,  Conn., 
June  14,  1844. 

Terry,  William,  a  Representative  from  Vir- 
ginia ;  born  in  Amherst  county,  Va.,  August  14, 
1824;  was  graduated  from  the  University  of 
Virginia  in  1848 ;  taught  school ;  studied  law, 
was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1851,  and  began 
practice  in  Wytheville,  Va. ;  engaged  in  news- 
paper work ;  served  in  the  Confederate  army  as 
a  lieutenant  in  the  fourth  Virginia  infantry ;  pro- 
moted to  major  in  1862 ;  colonel  in  February, 
1864,  and  was  commissioned  brigadier  general 
May  20.  1864;  resumed  the  practice  of  law  in 
Wytheville;  elected  as  a  Conservative  to  the 
Forty-second  Congress  ( March  4,  1871-March  3, 
1873)  ;  reelected  to  the  Forty-fourth  Congress 
(Mnrch  4,  1875-March  3,  1877)  ;  after  leaving 
Congress  resumed  the  practice  of  law ;  drowned 
while  trying  to  ford  Reed  Creek,  near  Wythe- 
ville, Va.,  September  5,  1888. 

Terry,  William  Leake,  a  Representative  from 
Arkansas;  born  in  Anson  county,  N.  C..  Sep- 
tember 27,  1850;  moved  with  his  parents  to 
Tippah  county,  Miss.,  in  1857,  and  to  Pulaski 
county.  Ark.,  in  1861 ;  attended  Bingham's  mili- 
tary academy,  North  Carolina,  and  was  gradu- 
ated from  Trinity  college,  North  Carolina,  in 
June,  1872 ;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the 
bar  in  November.  1873,  and  practiced ;  member 
of  the  city  council  1877-1879;  member  of  the 
state  senate  1878-1879,  and  served  as  presi- 
dent of  the  senate  in  the  session  of  1879 ;  city  at- 
torney of  Little  Rock,  Ark.,  1879-1885 ;  defeated 
for  election  to  the  Fiftieth  Congress;  elected  as 
a  Democrat  to  the  Fifty-second,  and  to  the  four 
succeeding  Congresses  (March  4,  1891-March 
3,  1901)  ;  unsuccessful  candidate  for  renomina- 
tion ;  resumed  the  practice  of  law  in  Little  Rock, 
Ark. 

Test,  John,  a  Representative  from  Indiana, 
a  native  of  Salem,  N.  J. ;  attended  the  com- 
mon schools;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the 
bar,  and  began  practice  in  Brookville.  Ind. ; 
held  several  local  offices ;  elected  as  a  Clay  Dem- 
ocrat to  the  Eighteenth  and  Nineteenth  Con- 
gresses (March  4,  1823-March  3,  1827)  ;  unsuc- 
cessful candidate  for  reelection  to  the  Twentieth 
Congress;  reelected  as  a  Whig  to  the  Twenty- 
first  Congress  (March  4,  1829-March  3,  1831)  ; 
presiding  judge  of  Indiana  circuit  court;  moved 
to  Mobile,  Ala. ;  died  near  Cambridge  City,  Ind., 
October  9,  1849. 

Thacher,  Samuel,  a  Representative  from  Mas- 
sachusetts; born  in  Cambridge,  Mass.,  July  1, 
1776;  was  graduated  from  Harvard  college  in 
1793;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and 
began  practice  in  New  Gloucester,  Mass.,  in 
1797 ;  moved  to  Warren,  Mass.,  in  1800 ;  member 


of  the  state  house  of  representatives  1801-1811 )  ; 
elected  to  the  Seventh  Congress,  to  fill  vacancy 
caused  by  the  resignation  of  Silas  Lee;  reelected 
to  the  Eighth  Congress,  and  served  from  Decem- 
ber 6,  1802,  to  March  3,  1805 ;  sheriff  of  Lincoln 
county  1814-1821 ;  again  a  member  of  the  state 
house  of  representatives  in  1824 ;  moved  to 
Bangor,  Me.,  in  1866,  and  died  there,  July  19, 
1872. 

Thatcher,  George,  a  Delegate  and  a  Repre- 
sentative from  Massachusetts;  born  in  Yar- 
mouth, Mass,  (afterwards  Maine),  April  12, 
1754 ;  was  graduated  from  Harvard  college  in 
1776 ;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and 
began  practice  in  York,  Pa.,  in  1778 ;  moved  to 
Biddieford,  Mass,  (now  Maine),  in  1782;  Dele- 
gate in  the  Continental  Congress  1787-1788; 
elected  to  the  First,  and  to  the  five  succeeding 
Congresses  (March  4,  1789-March  3,  1801)  ;  dis- 
trict judge  in  Maine  1792-1800;  judge  of  the 
supreme  court  of  Massachusetts  1800-1820; 
judge  of  the  supreme  court  of  Maine  1800-1824 ; 
delegate  in  the  state  constitutional  convention  of 
Maine  in  1819;  died  in  Biddieford,  Me.,  April  6, 
1824. 

Thayer,  Andrew  Jackson,  a  Representative 
from  Oregon ;  born  in  Lima,  N.  Y.,  November  27, 
1818;  completed  preparatory  studies;  studied 
law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1849,  and  began 
practice  in  Lima ;  crossed  the  continent  in  1853. 
and  located  upon  a  farm  near  Corvallis,  Oreg. ; 
practiced  law  and  followed  agricultural  pur- 
suits ;  moved  to  Trenton,  Oreg.,  and  continued 
in  practice ;  appointed  by  President  Buchanan 
United  States  attorney  for  the  district  of  Ore- 
gon March  2,  1859.  and  resigned  after  six 
months'  service;  presented  credentials  as  a 
Member-elect  to  the  Thirty-seventh  Congress, 
and  served  from  March  4,  1861.  to  July  30,  1861, 
when  he  was  succeeded  by  George  K.  Shiel, 
who  contested  his  election ;  state  district  attor- 
ney for  second  district  1862-1864 ;  circuit  judge 
of  the  second  judicial  district  of  Oregon  from 
1870  until  his  death  in  Corvallis,  Oreg.,  April 
28,  1873. 

Thayer,  Eli,  a  Representative  from  Massa- 
chusetts ;  born  in  Mendon,  Mass.,  June  11,  1819 ; 
attended  the  common  schools,  the  academies  in 
Bellingham  and  Amherst,  Mass.,  and  the  Worces- 
ter Manual  Labor  school ;  taught  school  in  Doug- 
lass, Mass.,  1835-1836;  assisted  his  father  in 
a  county  store  in  Millville  1836-1840;  taught 
school  in  Hopkinton,  R.  I.,  1842,  and  had  charge 
of  the  boys'  high  school  in  Providence.  R.  I.. 
in  1844 ;  was  graduated  from  Brown  university 
in  1845,  and  was  an  instructor  in  Worcester 
academy  1845-1848 ;  studied  law,  was  admitted 
to  the  bar,  but  did  not  practice;  founded  the 
Oread  collegiate  institute,  a  school  for  young 
women,  in  1848 ;  member  of  the  Worcester 
school  board  in  1852 ;  alderman  of  the  city 
1852-1853;  member  of  the  state  house  of  repre- 
sentatives 1853-1854 ;  while  in  the  legislature 
secured  a  charter,  originated  and  organized  the 
New  England  Emigrant  Aid  company,  which 
had  for  its  purpose  the  sending  out  of  an  ad- 
vance colony  of  antislavery  settlers  to  Kansas, 
which  resulted  in  that  Territory  being  an  anti- 
slave  state;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the 
Thirty-fifth  and  Thirty-sixth  Congresses  (March 
4.  1857-March  3,  1861 ;  delegate  accredited  from 
Oregon  in  the  Republican  national  convention  in 


BIOGBAPHIES. 


1049 


Chicago  in  1860;  died  in  Worcester,  Mass.,  April 
15,  1899. 

Thayer,  John  Milton,  a  Senator  from  Ne- 
braska ;  born  in  Bellingham,  Mass.,  January  24, 
1820;  was  graduated  from  Brown  university  in 
1841 ;  moved  to  Nebraska  in  1854 ;  studied  law, 
was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1855,  and  com- 
menced practice  in  Omaha,  Nebr. ;  brigadier 
general  and  major  general  of  the  territorial 
forces  operating  against  the  Indians,  1855-1861 ; 
captured  the  Pawnees  and  placed  them  on  reser- 
vations in  1859 ;  member  of  the  territorial  legis- 
lature in  1860;  served  in  the  Union  Army  as 
colonel  of  the  first  Nebraska  volunteer  infan- 
try, July  21,  1861 ;  promoted  to  brigadier  gen- 
eral of  volunteers  October  4,  1862 ;  appointment 
expired  March  4,  1863;  brigadier  general  of 
volunteers  March  13,  1863 ;  brevetted  major 
general  of  volunteers  March  13,  1865,  for  "  gal- 
lant and  meritorious  service  during  the  war " ; 
resigned  July  19,  1865 ;  returned  to  Omaha, 
Nebr. ;  member  of  the  state  constitutional  con- 
vention in  1866 ;  upon  the  admission  of  Ne- 
braska as  a  state  was  elected  as  a  Republican 
to  the  United  States  Senate,  and  served  from 
March  1,  1867,  to  March  3,  1871 ;.  appointed  by 
President  Grant  governor  of  Wyoming  terri- 
tory February  10,  1875,  and  served  four  years ; 
department  commander  of  the  Grand  Army  of 
the  Republic  of  Nebraska  in  1886 ;  governor  of 
Nebraska  1887-1891;  resumed  the  practice  of 
law  in  Lincoln,  Nebr.,  and  died  there  March  19, 
1906. 

Thayer,  John  R.,  a  Representative  from  Mas- 
sachusetts; born  in  Douglass,  Mass.,  March  9, 
1845;  attended  the  common  schools  and  Nichols 
academy,  in  Dudley,  Worcester  county,  and  was 
graduated  from  Yale  college  in  1869;  studied 
law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1871,  and  com- 
menced practice  in  Worcester,  Mass. ;  served  in 
the  city  council  1874—1876,  and  as  alderman 
1878-1800;  one  of  the  trustees  of  Nichols  acad- 
emy for  fifteen  years ;  unsuccessful  candidate 
for  district  attorney  in  1876;  elected  a  represent- 
ative to  the  general  court  of  Massachusetts 
in  1880  and  1881 ;  unsuccessful  candidate  for 
mayor  of  Worcester  in  1886;  elected  to  the 
Massachusetts  senate  in  1890  and  1891;  elected 
as  a  Democrat  to  the  Fifty-sixth,  Fifty-seventh., 
and  Fifty-eighth  Congresses  (March  4,  1899- 
March  3,  1905)  ;  resumed  the  practice  of  law 
m  Worcester,  Mass. 

Thayer,  Martin  Russell,  a  Representative 
from  Pennsylvania ;  born  in  Petersburg,  Va., 
January  27,  1819 ;  attended  the  Mount  Pleasant 
classical  institute  in  Amherst,  Mass.,  and  Am- 
herst  college;  moved  with  his  parents  to  Phila- 
delphia, Pa.,  in  1837 ;  was  graduated  from  the 
university  of  Pennsylvania  in  1840 ;  studied  law, 
was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1842,  and  began  prac- 
tice in  Philadelphia,  Pa. ;  commissioner  to  revise 
the  revenue  laws  of  Pennsylvania  in  1862; 
elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Thirty-eighth 
and  Thirty-ninth  Congresses  (March  4,  1863- 
March  3,  1865)  ;  declined  a  renomination ;  judge 
of  the  district  court  of  Philadelphia  1867-1874 ; 
president-judge  of  the  court  of  comman  pleas 
of  Philadelphia  1874  until  his  resignation  in 
1896;  elected  by  the  judges  of  the  common  pleas 
court  prothonotary  of  Philadelphia ;  died  in 
Philadelphia,  Pa.,  October  14,  1906. 


Theaker,  Thomas  Clarke,  a  Representative 
from  Ohio ;  born  in  York  county,  Pa.,  February 
1,  1812;  completed  preparatory  studies;  moved 
to  Bridgeport,  Ohio,  in  1830;  machinist  and 
wheelwright;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the 
Thirty-sixth  Congress  (March  4,  1859-March  3, 
1861 )  ;  unsuccessful  candidate  for  reelection ; 
member  of  the  board  of  commissioners  to  in- 
vestigate the  Patent  Office;  served  as  commis- 
sioner of  patents  from  August  17,  1865,  until 
June  fc,  1868;  died  in  Oakland,  Md.,  July  16, 
1883;  interment  in  Bridgeport,  Ohio. 

Thibodeaux,  Bannon  Goforth,  a  Representa- 
tive from  Louisiana ;  born  upon  the  St.  Pridget 
plantation  in  the  Parish  of  Terrebonne,  La., 
December  22.  1812;  attended  the  schools  of 
Hagerstown,  Md. ;  member  of  the  state  constitu- 
tional conventions  of  Louisiana  in  1845  and 
1852;  held  several  local  offices;  elected  to  the 
Twenty-ninth  and  Thirtieth  Congresses  (March 
4,  1845-March  3,  1849)  ;  died  in  the  parish  of 
Terrebonne,  La.,  March  5.  1866. 

Thistlewood,  Napoleon  B.,  a  Representative 
from  Illinois;  born  in  Kent  county,  Del.,  March 
30,  1837 ;  attended  the  public  schools ;  moved  to 
Illinois  in  1858;  enlisted  in  the  Union  army  in 
1862;  commissioned  by  Governor  Richard  Yates 
September  24,  1864,  as  captain  of  company  C, 
ninety-eighth  Illinois  infantry;  served  in  the 
Army  of  the  Cumberland,  in  Wilder's  brigade, 
and  with  Wilson's  cavalry  corps,  and  wounded 
at  Selma,  Ala.,  April  2,  1865;  mayor  of  Cairo, 
111.,  1879-1883  and  again  1897-1901 ;  department 
commander  of  the  Grand  Army  of  the  Repub- 
lic for  Illinois  in  1901 ;  elected  as  a  Republican 
to  the  Sixtieth  Congress,  to  fill  vacancy  caused 
by  the  death  of  George  W.  Smith;  reelected  to 
the  Sixty-first  Congress,  and  served  from  Feb- 
ruary 26,  1908,  to  March  3,  1911.  Reelected  to 
the  Sixty-second  Congress. 

Thomas,  Benjamin  Franklin,  a  Representa- 
tive from  Massachusetts ;  born  in  Boston,  Mass., 
February  12,  1813 ;  moved  with  his  parents  to 
Worcester  in  1819;  was  graduated  from  Brown 
university  in  1830;  studied  law  in  Cambridge, 
Mass.,  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1833,  and 
began  practice  in  Worcester,  Mass. ;  held  sev- 
eral local  offices;  member  of  the  state  house  of 
representatives  in  1842;  commissioner  of  bank- 
ruptcy in  1842;  judge  of  probate  1844-1848; 
presidential  elector  on  the  Whig  ticket  in  1848; 
judge  of  the  Massachusetts  supreme  court  1853- 
1859,  when  he  resigned ;  resumed  the  practice 
of  law;  elected  as  a  Conservative  Unionist  to 
the  Thirty-seventh  Congress  (March  4,  1861- 
March  3,  1863)  ;  engaged  in  the  practice  of  law; 
nominated  by  Governor  Bullock  for  chief  jus- 
tice of  the  supreme  court  of  Massachusetts  in 
1868,  but  the  nomination  was  not  confirmed  by 
the  council ;  died  in  Salem,  Mass.,  September  27, 
1878. 

Thomas,  Charles  Randolph,  a  Representative 
from  North  Carolina ;  born  in  Beaufort,  Carteret 
county,  N.  C.,  February  7.  1827 ;  was  graduated 
from  the  University  of  North  Carolina  in  June, 
1849 ;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and 
began  practice  in  Beaufort,  N.  C. ;  moved  to 
Newbern,  N.  C.,  and  practiced ;  member  of  the 
state  convention  of  North  Carolina  in  1861 ; 
elected  secretary  of  state  of  North  Carolina  in 
1864 ;  judge  of  the  superior  court  in  April,  1868 ; 
elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Forty-second 


1050 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 


and  Forty-third  Congresses  (March  4,  1871- 
March  3,  1875)  ;  resumed  the  practice  of  law  in 
Newbern,  N.  C.,  and  died  there  February  18, 
1891. 

Thomas,  Charles  Randolph,  a  Representative 
from  North  Carolina;  born  in  Beaufort,  N.  C., 
August  21,  1861;  attended  the  Newbern  acad- 
emy, the  Emerson  institute,  Washington.  D.  C., 
and  was  graduated  from  the  University  of  North 
Carolina  in  1881;  studied  law  with  his  father 
and  in  the  Greensboro  law  school,  North  Caro- 
lina ;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  October, 
1882,  and  commenced  practice  in  Newbern,  N.  C. ; 
member  of  the  state  house  of  representatives 
in  1887  ;  attorney  for  the  county  of  Craven  1890- 
1896;  Democratic  presidential  elector  in  1896; 
elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Fifty-sixth,  and  to 
the  five  succeeding  Congresses  (March  4,  1899- 
March  3,  1911 ;  declined  a  renomination  to  the 
Sixty-second  Congress;  resumed  the  practice  of 
law  in  Newbern,  N.  C. 

Thomas,  Christopher  Yancy,  a  Representa- 
tive from  Virginia ;  born  in  Pittsylvania  county, 
Va.,  March  24,  1818;  attended  the  common 
schools  and  was  graduated  from  a  private  acad- 
emy in  1838 ;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the 
bar  in  1844,  and  began  practice  in  Martinsville, 
Va. ;  member  of  the  state  senate  1860-1864; 
member  of  commission  to  settle  the  boundary 
line  between  Virginia  and  North  Carolina ; 
prosecuting  attorney  for  Henry  county ;  member 
of  the  state  constitutional  convention  in  1868 ; 
elected  in  1869  to  the  state  house  of  representa- 
tives ;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Forty- 
third  Congress  (March  4,  1873-March  3,  1875)  ; 
unsuccessful  candidate  for  reelection  to  the 
Forty-fourth  Congress;  resumed  the  practice  of 
law;  died  in  Martinsville,  Va.,  February  11, 
1879. 

Thomas,  David,  a  Representative  from  New 
York ;  native  of  Washington  county,  N.  Y. ;  com- 
pleted preparatory  studies;  member  of  the  state 
house  of  representatives  1794—1800;  elected  as 
a  Democrat  to  the  Seventh  and  to  the  three 
succeeding  Congresses,  and  served  from  March 
4,  1801,  to  May  1,  1808.  when  he  resigned ;  treas- 
urer of  the  state  of  New  York  1812-1833. 

Thomas,  Francis,  a  Representative  from 
Maryland ;  born  in  Frederick  county,  Md.,  Feb- 
ruary 3,  1799 ;  attended  St.  John's  college,  An- 
napolis ;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in 
1820,  and  began  practice  in  Franklinville,  Md. ; 
member  of  the  state  house  of  representatives  in 
1822,  1827,  and  1829,  and  served  the  last  year  as 
speaker;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Twenty- 
second,  and  to  the  four  succeeding  Congresses 
(March  4,  1831-March  3,  1841)  ;  president  of  the 
Chesapeake  &  Ohio  Canal  company  1839-1840; 
governor  of  Maryland  1841-1844 ;  unsuccessful 
candidate  for  reelection ;  member  of  the  state 
constitutional  convention  of  1850;  reelected  as 
a  Union  Republican  to  the  Thirty-seventh,  and 
to  the  three  succeeding  Congresses  (March  4, 
1861-March  3,  1869)  ;  collector  of  internal  rev- 
enue 1870-1872;  delegate  in  the  Loyalist  con- 
vention of  1866;  United  States  minister  to  Peru 
from  March  25,  1872.  to  July  9,  1875;  retired 
from  public  life  and  devoted  his  time  to  agri- 
cultural pursuits ;  killed  by  a  locomotive  while 
walking  on  the  railroad  tracks  near  Franklin- 
ville, Md.,  January  22,  1876. 


Thomas,  George  Morgan,  a  Representative 
from  Kentucky ;  born  in  Lewis  county,  Ky.,  No- 
vember 23,  1828 ;  attended  the  common  schools ; 
studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1851, 
and  practiced ;  elected  county  attorney  of  Lewis 
county  as  a  Whig  in  1854,  and  served  four 
years;  elected  to  the  state  legislature  in  1859 
and  1861 ;  commonwealth  attorney  for  the  tenth 
judicial  district ;  Republican  presidential  elec- 
tor in  1864,  1868,  and  1872;  county  judge  in 
1868 ;  Republican  candidate  for  lieutenant  gov- 
ernor in  1871 ;  again  a  member  of  the  legislature 
in  1872  and  1873 ;  circuit  judge  in  the  fourteenth 
judicial  district  1874-1880;  United  States  dis- 
trict attorney  1881-1885 ;  elected  as  a  Republican 
to  the  Fiftieth  Congress  (March  4,  1887-March 
3,  1889)  ;  appointed  solicitor  of  internal  rev- 
enue by  President  McKinley ;  a  retired  resi- 
dent of  Vanceburg.  Ky. 

Thomas,  Henry  Franklin,  a  Representative 
from  Michigan ;  born  in  Tompkins,  Jackson 
county,  Mich.,  December  17,  1843;  attended  Al- 
bion college  in  1859 ;  enlisted  in  the  seventh 
Michigan  cavalry  as  a  private  in  1862 ;  promoted 
to  first  sergeant  of  company  D,  and  in  July, 
1864,  promoted  to  be  second  lieutenant;  re- 
newed his  studies  in  the  Ypsilanti  normal 
school ;  was  graduated  from  the  medical  de- 
partment of  Michigan  university  in  1868,  and 
commenced  practice  in  Constantine,  St.  Joseph 
county,  Mich. ;  moved  to  Allegan,  Mich.,  in  1870 ; 
member  of  the  state  house  of  representatives 
1873-1874 ;  served  in  the  state  senate  1875-1876 ; 
delegate  in  the  Republican  national  convention 
of  1884 ;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Fifty- 
third  and  Fifty-fourth  Congresses  (March  4, 
1893-March  3,  1897)  ;  surgeon  in  the  Michigan 
soldiers  home  1907-1908 ;  member  of  the  Michi- 
gan pardon  board  1909-1910 ;  retired  from  the 
practice  of  medicine  and  a  resident  of  Allegan, 
Mich. 

Thomas,  Isaac,  a  Representative  from  Ten- 
nessee; elected  to  the  Fourteenth  Congress 
(March  4,  1815-March  3,  1817). 

Thomas,  James  Houston,  a  Representative 
from  Tennessee ;  born  in  Iredell  county,  N.  C., 
September  22,  1808;  was  graduated  from  Co- 
lumbia college,  Tennessee,  in  1830;  studied  law, 
was  admitted  to  the  bar.  and  began  practice  in 
Columbia,  Tenn. ;  attorney  general  of  Tennessee 
1836-1842;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Thir- 
tieth and  Thirty-first  Congresses  (March  4, 
1847-March  3,  1851)  ;  unsuccessful  candidate 
for  reelection ;  reelected  to  the  Thirty-sixth  Con- 
gress (March  4,  1859-March  3,  1861). 

Thomas,  Jesse  Burgess,  a  Delegate  from  the 
territory  of  Indiana  and  a  Senator  from  Illi- 
nois ;  born  in  Shepherdstown,  Va.,  in  1777  ;  moved 
with  his  parents  to  Kentucky  in  1779 ;  studied 
law  in  Mason  county,  Ky.,  was  admitted  to  the 
bar,  and  began  practice  in  Lawrenceburg,  In- 
diana territory,  in  1803 ;  member  of  the  terri- 
torial legislature  in  1805-1808,  and  served  as 
speaker  of  the  house ;  elected  a  Delegate  from 
Indiana  territory  to  the  Tenth  Congress,  to 
fill  vacancy  caused  by  the  resignation  of  Ben- 
jamin Parke,  and  served  from  December  1, 
1808,  to  March  3.  1809;  moved  to  Kaskaskia 
and  later  to  Edwardsville,  111. ;  upon  the  organi- 
zation of  the  territory  was  appointed  judge  of 
the  United  States  court  for  the  northwestern 
judicial  district;  delegate  in  the  state  consti- 


BIOGKAPHIES. 


1051 


tutional  convention  of  1818,  and  served  as  presi- 
dent of  the  body ;  upon  the  admission  of  Illinois 
as  a  state  was  elected  as  a  Whig  to  the  United 
States  Senate;  reelected  in  1823,  and  served 
from  December  3,  1818,  to  March  3,  1829;  dele- 
gate in  the  Whig  national  convention  in  Harris- 
burg,  Pa.,  in  1839;  moved  to  Mount  Vernon, 
Ohio,  and  died  there  May  3,  1853. 

Thomas,  John  Chew,  a  Representative  from 
Maryland ;  born  in  Perryville,  Cecil  county,  Md., 
October  15,  1764 ;  was  graduated  from  the  Uni- 
versity of  Pennsylvania  in  1783 ;  moved  to  Anne 
Arundel  county,  Md. ;  studied  law  and  was  ad- 
mitted to  the  bar  in  Philadelphia,  Pa.,  Decem- 
ber 15,  1787 ;  elected  as  a  Federalist  to  the  Sixth 
Congress  (March  4,  1799-March  3,  1801)  ;  died 
in  Leiperville.  Pa.,  May  10,  1836. 

Thomas,  John  Lewis,  a  Representative  from 
Maryland;  born  in  Baltimore,  Md.,  May  20, 
1835 ;  completed  preparatory  studies ;  studied 
law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  began  prac- 
tice in  Baltimore,  Md. ;  held  several  city  and 
county  offices;  state  attorney  in  1863;  delegate 
to  the  state  constitutional  convention  in  1863; 
elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Thirty-ninth  Con- 
gress (March  4,  1865-March  3,  1867)  ;  unsuc- 
cessful Republican  candidate  for  reelection; 
colector  of  the  port  of  Baltimore,  Md. ;  died  in 
Baltimore,  Md.,  October  15,  1893. 

Thomas,  John  Robert,  a  Representative  from 
Illinois;  born  in  Mount  Vernon,  Jefferson  county, 
111.,  October  11,  1846;  attended  the  common 
schools  and  Hunter  collegiate  institute,  Prince- 
ton, Ind. ;  served  in  the  Union  army  during  the 
civil  war,  and  rose  from  the  rank  of  private  to 
that  of  captain  of  company  D,  one  hundred  and 
twentieth  Indiana  infantry ;  studied  law,  was 
admitted  to  the  bar  in  1869;  city  attorney  of 
Metropolis,  111.,  1869-1870 ;  served  as  state  attor- 
ney from  1871  to  1874 ;  elected  as  a  Republican 
to  the  Forty-sixth,  and  to  the  four  succeeding 
Congresses  (March  4,  1879-March  3,  1889)  ; 
United  States  judge  in  Indian  Territory  June  30, 
1897,  to  June  30,  1901 ;  elected  first  member  of 
Congress  from  the  Indian  Territory  under  the 
Sequoyah  Constitution,  in  1905 ;  nominated  for 
judge  of  the  supreme  court  by  the  first  Repub- 
lican state  convention  of  Oklahoma,  but  de- 
clined the  nomination ;  member  of  the  Okla- 
homa State  Code  Commission,  1908-1910;  re- 
sumed the  practice  of  law  in  Muskogee,  Okla. 

Thomas,  Lot,  a  Representative  from  Iowa ; 
born  near  Markleysburg,  Fayette  county,  Pa., 
October  17,  1843;  attended  the  district  school 
and  Vermillion  institute,  in  Hayesville,  Ohio ; 
moved  to  Iowa  in  1868 ;  taught  school  a  couple 
of  terms  in  New  Virginia,  Warren  county ;  at- 
tended the  law  department  of  the  Iowa  state 
university  in  Iowa  City,  and  was  admitted  to 
the  bar ;  moved  to  Buena  Vista  county  and 
located  in  Storm  Lake  in  1870,  and  commenced 
practice ;  judge  of  the  fourteenth  judicial  dis- 
trict of  Iowa  from  January,  1885,  until  his  res- 
ignation August  26.  1898;  elected  as  a  Repub- 
lican to  the  Fifty-sixth,  Fifty-seventh,  ,^nd  Fifty- 
eighth  .  Congresses  (March  4,  1899-March  3, 
1905)  ;  died  on  a  train  near  Yuma,  Ariz.,  March 
16,  1905. 

Thomas,  Ormsby  B.,  a  Representative  from 
Wisconsin ;  born  in  Sandgate,  Bennington 
county,  Vt,  August  21,  1832;  moved  with  his 
parents  to  Wisconsin  in  1836 ;  attended  the  com- 


mon schools  and  was  graduated  from  the 
National  law  school  of  Poughkeepsie.  N.  Y. ;  was 
admitted  to  the  bar  in  Albany,  N.  Y.,  in  1856, 
and  practiced  in  Prairie  du  Chien,  Wis. ;  dis- 
trict attorney  of  Crawford  county,  Wis.;  mem- 
ber of  the  state  assembly  in  1862,  1865,  and 
1867,  and  of  the  Wisconsin  state  senate  in 
1880  and  1881 ;  Republican  presidential  elector 
in  1872;  served  in  the  Union  army  during  the 
civil  war  as  captain  of  company  D,  thirty-first 
regiment  Wisconsin  volunteer  infantry ;  elected 
as  a  Republican  to  the  Forty-ninth,  Fiftieth, 
and  Fifty-first  Congresses  (March  4,  1885-March 
3.  1891 )  ;  resumed  the  practice  of  law  in  Prairie 
du  Chien,  Wis.,  and  died  there,  October  24, 
1904. 

Thomas,  Philemon,  a  Representative  from 
Louisiana ;  born  in  Orange  county,  Va.,  Febru- 
ary 9,  1763;  attended  the  public  schools;  served 
in  the  Revolutionary  war;  moved  to  Kentucky; 
delegate  to  the  state  constitutional  convention; 
member  of  the  state  legislature ;  moved  to 
Louisiana  in  1806,  and  settled  on  the  banks  of 
the  lower  Mississippi  river ;  member  of  the  state 
legislature;  leader  of  an  uprising  against  the 
Spanish  authorities,  who  exercised  authority 
over  what  is  now  Mississippi  and  Louisiana  in 
1810-1811 ;  major  general  of  Louisiana  militia 
1814-1815,  and  served  in  that  capacity  in  the  war 
of  1812 ;  settled  in  Baton  Rouge,  La. ;  elected 
to  the  Twenty-second  and  Twenty-third  Con- 
gresses (March  4,  1831-March  3,  1835)  ;  died 
in  Baton  Rouge,  La.,  November  18,  1847. 

Thomas,  Philip  Francis,  a  Representative 
from  Maryland ;  born  in  Easton,  Talbot  county, 
Md.,  September  12,  1810 ;  attended  the  academy 
in  Easton,  and  was  graduated  from  Dickinson 
college,  Carlisle,  Pa.,  in  1830;  studied  law,  was 
admitted  to  the  bar,  and  began  practice  in 
Easton,  Md. ;  member  of  the  state  constitutional 
convention  in  1836 ;  member  of  the  state  house  of 
delegates,  1838,  1843,  and  1845;  elected  as  a 
Democrat  to  the  Twenty-sixth  Congress  (March 
4, 1839-March  3, 1841)  ;  declined  a  renomination ; 
resumed  the  practice  of  law;  governor  of  Mary- 
land 1848-1851 ;  judge  of  the  land  office  court  of 
eastern  Maryland ;  comptroller  of  the  United 
States  Treasury  1851-1853;  collector  of  the  port 
of  Baltimore,  Md.,  1853-1860 ;  declined  the  posi- 
tion of  treasurer  of  the  United  States  tendered 
him  by  President  Buchanan ;  United  States  com- 
missioner of  patents  from  February  16  to  De- 
cember 10,  1860;  Secretary  of  the  Treasury  of 
the  United  States  from  December  10,  1860,  to 
January  11,  1861 ;  reelected  to  the  state  house 
of  delegates  in  1866;  presented  credentials  as  a 
Senator-elect  to  the  United  States  Senate,  but, 
on  February  19,  1868,  was  refused  a  seat  on  the 
ground  of  "  having  given  aid  and  comfort  to 
the  rebellion " ;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the 
Forty -fourth  Congress  (March  4,  1875-March  3, 
1877)  ;  again  elected  a  representative  to  the 
Maryland  legislature  in  1878 ;  resumed  the  prac- 
tice of  law  in  Easton,  Md.,  and  died  there  Octo- 
ber 2,  1890. 

Thomas,  Richard,  a  Representative  from 
Pennsylvania ;  born  in  West  Whiteland,  Pa., 
December  30,  1744 :  attended  the  common 
schools;  served  in  the  Revolutionary  army  and 
commanded  the  fifth  battalion  Chester  county 
militia  of  the  Flying  Camp;  elected  to  the 
Fourth,  Fifth,  and  Sitxth  Congresses  (March  4, 


1052 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTOEY. 


1795-March  3,  1801)  ;  died  in  Philadelphia,  Pa., 
January  19,  1832. 

Thomas,  Robert  Young,  a  Representative 
from  Kentucky;  born  in  Logan  county,  Ky., 
July  13,  1856;  attended  the  common  schools 
and  was  graduated  from  Bethel  college,  Rus- 
sellville,  Ky. ;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the 
bar,  and  commenced  practice;  member  of  the 
state  legislature  in  1886;  served  as  common- 
wealth's attorney  for  the  seventh  judicial  dis- 
trict; elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Sixty- 
first  Congress  (March  4,  1909-March  3,  1911). 
Reelected  to  the  Sixty-second  Congress. 

Thomas,  William  Aubrey,  a  Representative 
from  Ohio;  born  in  Wales  June  7,  1866;  at- 
tended the  public  schools  of  Niles  and  Mount 
Union  college,  Alliance,  Ohio,  and  later  Rens- 
selaer  polytechnic  institute,  Troy,  N.  Y. ;  elected 
as  a  Republican  to  the  Fifty-eighth  Congress,  to 
fill  vacancy  caused  by  the  resignation  of  Charles 
Dick;  reelected  to  the  Fifty-ninth,  Sixtieth,  and 
Sixty-first  Congresses,  and  served  from  Decem- 
ber 5,  1904, 'to  March  3,  1911;  engaged  in  the 
manufacture  of  iron  in  Niles,  Ohio. 

Thomasson,  William  Poindexter,  a  Repre- 
sentative from  Kentucky;  born  in  New  Castle, 
Henry  county,  Ky.,  October  8,  1797;  completed 
preparatory  studies;  served  in  Captain  Dun- 
can's company  in  the  War  of  1812 ;  studied  law, 
was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  began  practice  in 
Corydon,  Ind. ;  served  in  the  Indiana  state  leg- 
islature; prosecuting  attorney  of  Corydon  in 
1818;  in  1841  moved  to  Louisville,  Ky. ;  elected 
as  a  Whig  to  the  Twenty-eighth  and  Twenty- 
ninth  Congresses  (March  4,  1843-March  3. 
1847)  ;  declined  a  renomination ;  moved  to  Chi- 
cago, 111.,  and  resumed  the  practice  of  law ; 
served  in  the  Union  army  in  the  seventy-first 
regiment  of  New  York  volunteer  infantry ;  died 
in  Lagrange  county,  Ky.,  December  22,  1882. 

Thompson,  Albert  Clifton,  a  Representative 
from  Pennsylvania ;  born  in  Brookville,  Jeffer- 
son county,  Pa.,  January  23,  1842 ;  attended  the 
common  schools  and  Jefferson  college,  Cannons- 
burg,  Pa. ;  served  in  the  Union  army  during  the 
civil  war  as  second  lieutenant  of  company  B, 
one  hundred  and  fifth  Pennsylvania  volunteer 
infantry;  promoted  to  captain  of  company  K,  in 
the  same  regiment,  November  28,  1861,  and 
served  until  March  23,  1863,  when  he  was  dis- 
charged for  wounds  received  in  battle;  studied 
law,  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar  December  13, 
1864,  and  commenced  practice  in  Portsmouth, 
Ohio,  in  1865 ;  elected  probate  judge  of  Scioto 
county,  Ohio,  in  October,  1869 ;  elected  common 
pleas  judge  of  the  seventh  judicial  district  of 
Ohio  in  October,  1881 ;  elected  as  a  Republican 
to  the  Forty-ninth,  Fiftieth,  and  Fifty-first  Con- 
gresses (March  4,  1885-March  3,  1891)  ;  after 
leaving  Congress  resumed  the  practice  of  law ; 
appointed  by  President  McKinley  chairman  of 
the  commission  to  revise  and  codify  the  criminal 
and  penal  laws  of  the  United  States  June  21. 
1897 ;  appointed  United  States  judge  for  the 
southern  district  of  Ohio  September  13.  1898: 
died  in  Cincinnati,  Ohio,  January  26,  1910. 

Thompson,  Benjamin,  a  Representative  from 
Massachusetts ;  born  in  Charlestown,  Mass.,  Au- 
gust 5,  1798;  attended  the  public  schools;  mer- 
chant ;  member  of  the  state  house  of  representa- 
tives 1830-1831  and  1833-1836;  served  in  the 
state  senate  in  1841;  elected  as  a  Whig  to  the 


Twenty-ninth  Congress  (March  4,  1845-March 
3,  1847)  ;  declined  a  renomination;  reelected  to 
the  Thirty-second  Congress  and  served  from 
March  4,  1851,  until  his  death  in  Charlestown, 
Mass.,  September  24,  1852. 

Thompson,  Charles  Perkins,  a  Representative 
from  Massachusetts;  born  in  Braintree,  Mass., 
July  30,  1827;  attended  the  public  schools  and 
the  Hollis  institute  of  Braintree;  studied  law, 
was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1854,  and  began 
practice  in  Gloucester,  Mass.,  in  1857;  United 
States  assistant  district  attorney  1855-1857; 
member  of  the  state  house  of  representatives  in 
1871  and  1872;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the 
Forty-fourth  Congress  (March  4,  1875-March  3, 
1877)  ;  unsuccessful  candidate  for  reelection  to1 
the  Forty-fifth  Congress;  city  solicitor  of 
Gloucester,  Mass.,  in  1874,  1875,  1877,  1879;  un- 
successful Democratic  candidate  for  governor  of 
Massachusetts  in  1880  and  in  1881 ;  judge  of  the 
superior  court  of  Massachusetts  1885-1894 ;  died 
in  Gloucester,  Mass.,  January  19,  1894. 

Thompson,  Charles  Winston,  a  Representa- 
tive from  Alabama ;  born  in  Macon  county,  near 
Tuskegee,  Ala.,  December  30,  1860 ;  attended  the 
common  schools,  the  Park  High  School  in  Tus- 
kegee, Ala.,  and  was  graduated  from  Bryant  & 
Stratton's  Business  College,  Louisville,  Ky.,  in 
1878;  engaged  in  the  mercantile  business;  ap- 
pointed by  Governor  Joseph  F.  Johnston  in  1896 
a  member  of  his  staff  as  lieutenant  colonel  and 
served  in  that  capacity  until  the  end  of  his  term  ; 
president  of  the  bank  of  Tuskegee,  Ala. ;  county 
superintendent  of  education  for  Macon  county 
from  1886  to  1888;  member  of  the  senate  of 
Alabama  in  1898;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the 
Fifty-seventh  and  Fifty-eighth  Congresses  and 
served  from  March  4.  1901.  until  his  death  in 
Washington,  D.  C.,  March  20,  1904. 

Thompson,  Fountain  L.,  a  Senator  from 
North  Dakota ;  bom  near  Scottsville,  111.,  No- 
vember 18,  1854 ;  moved,  to  Girard,  111.,  in 
1865,  where  he  resided  until  1888;  attended 
grammar  and  high  schools  in  Girard,  111. ;  stud- 
ied law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  but  did  not 
practice ;  member  of  the  board  of  supervisors  of 
Macoupin  county ;  entered  mercantile  business 
in  1872;  moved  to  a  farm  near  Cando,  Towner 
county,  N.  D.,  in  1888;  delegate  in  the  first 
Democratic  county  convention  that  assembled 
after  statehood,  and  was  chosen  chairman ; 
county  judge  for  eight  years;  in  1891  he  en- 
gaged in  the  real  estate  and  loan  business  in 
Cando,  and  later  established  the  Thompson 
realty  company,  of  which  company  he  was  presi- 
dent; vice-president  of  the  First  National  bank 
of  Cando.  and  president  of  the  First  National 
bank  of  Rocklake;  interested  in  farming;  school 
director  six  years,  alderman  of  Cando  four 
years,  and  mayor  two  years ;  appointed  as  a 
Democrat  United  States  Senator  to  fill  vacancy 
caused  by  the  death  of  Martin  N.  Johnson,  and 
served  from  November  10,  1909,  to  January  31, 
1910,  when  he  resigned. 

Thompson,  George  Western,  a  Representa- 
tive from  Virginia ;  born  in  St.  Clairsville, 
Ohio,  May  14,  1806 ;  was  graduated  from  Jeffer- 
son college  in  1824;  studied  law  in  Richmond, 
Va.,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced 
practice  in  St.  Clairsville,  Ohio ;  moved  to  west- 
ern Virginia;  appointed  United  States  attorney 
for  the  district  of  Virginia  in  1849;  elected  as 


BIOGRAPHIES. 


1053 


a  Democrat  to  the  Thirty-second  Congress 
and  served  from  March  4,  1851,  until  his  resig- 
nation, July  30,  1852 ;  judge  of  the  circuit  court 
of  Virginia ;  retired  from  the  practice  of  law 
and  resided  on  his  estate  near  Wheeling,  W. 
Va.,  until  his  death  February  24,  1888. 

Thompson,  Hedge,  a  Representative  from 
New  Jersey ;  born  in  Salem,  N.  J.,  in  1779 : 
elected  to  the  Twentieth  Congress  and  served 
from  March  4,  1827,  until  his  death  in  Salem, 
N.  J.,  July  23,  1828. 

Thompson,  Jacob,  a  Representative  from 
Mississippi ;  born  in  Leasburg,  Caswell  county. 
N.  C.,  May  15,  1810;  was  graduated  from  the 
University  of  North  Carolina  in  1831;  studied 
law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1834,  and  in 
1835  began  practice  in  Chickasaw  county,  Miss. ; 
elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Twenty-sixth,  and 
to  the  five  succeeding  Congresses  (March  4, 
1839-March  3,  1851)  ;  declined  a  renomination ; 
declined  an  appointment  to  the  United  States 
Senate  tendered  by  Governor  Brown  in  1845 ; 
Secretary  of  the  Interior  under  President  Bu- 
chanan from  March  6,  1857,  until  he  resigned, 
January  8,  1861 ;  served  as  inspector-general  in 
the  Confederate  army ;  governor  of  Mississippi 
1862-1864  ;  confidential  agent  of  the  Confederacy 
to  Canada  1864-1865;  died  in  Memphis,  Tenn., 
March  24,  1885. 

Thompson,  James,  a  Representative  from 
Pennsylvania  ;  born  in  Middlesex,  Butler  county, 
Pa.,  October  1,  1806;  completed  preparatory 
studies ;  learned  the  printer's  trade ;  studied  law, 
was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1829,  and  began 
practice  in  Erie,  Pa. ;  member  of  the  state  house 
of  representatives  1832-1834,  and  served  as 
speaker  in  1834 ;  presidential  elector  on  the  Van 
Buren  ticket  in  1836 ;  delegate  to  the  state  con- 
stitutional convention  in  1838;  presiding  judge 
of  the  sixth  judicial  district  court  1838-1844; 
elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Twenty-ninth, 
Thirtieth,  and  Thirty-first  Congresses  (March  4, 
1845-March  3,  1851)  ;  resumed  the  practice  of 
law;  again  a  member  of  the  state  house  of  rep- 
resentatives in  1855 ;  declined  further  renomina- 
tion ;  judge  of  the  supreme  court  of  Pennsyl- 
vania 1857-1866;  unsuccessful  candidate  for 
reelection;  chief  justice  of  the  supreme  court 
of  Pennsylvania  1866-1872;  resumed  the  prac- 
tice of  law  in  Philadelphia.  Pa.,  and  died  there 
January  28,  1874. 

Thompson,  Joel,  a  Representative  from  New 
York ;  born  in  Stanford,  Dutchess  county,  N.  Y., 
October  3,  1760;  attended  the  common  schools 
in  Smyrna,  N.  Y.,  and  was  graduated  from 
Union  College ;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to 
the  bar,  and  practiced ;  served  several  years 
in  the  state  assembly;  served  in  the  Revolution- 
ary War;  elected  as  a  Federalist  to  the  Thir- 
teenth Congress  (March  4,  1913-March  3,1815)  ; 
died  in  Brooklyn,  N.  Y.,  February  8,  1843. 

Thompson,  John,  a  Representative  from  New 
York ;  native  of  Stillwater,  N.  Y. ;  attended  the 
common  schools ;  held  several  local  offices ; 
elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Sixth  Congress 
(March  4,  1799-March  3,  1801)  ;  again  elected 
to  the  Tenth  and  Eleventh  Congresses  (March 
4,  1807-March  3,  1811). 

Thompson,  John,  a  Representative  from  New 
York;  born  in  Rhinebeck,  N.  Y.,  July  4,  1809; 
was  graduated  from  Union  and  Yale  colleges ; 


studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  be- 
gan practice  in  Poughkeepsie.  N.  Y. ;  elected  as 
a  Republican  to  the  Thirty-fifth  Congress 
(March  4,  1857-March  3,  1859)  ;  died  in  New 
Hamburg,  N.  Y.,  June  1,  1890. 

Thompson,  John  Burton,  a  Representative 
and  a  Senator  from  Kentucky ;  born  near  Har- 
rodsburg,  Ky.,  December  14,  1810;  completed 
preparatory  studies;  studied  law,  was  admitted 
to  the  bar,  and  practiced  in  Harrodsburg,  Ky. ; 
served  as  commonwealth's  attorney ;  member  of 
the  state  legislature  in  1835  and  1836;  elected 
as  a  Whig  to  the  Twenty-sixth  Congress,  to  fill 
vacancy  caused  by  the  death  of  Simeon  H.  An- 
derson; reelected  to  the  Twenty-seventh  Con- 
gress and  served  from  December  7,  1840,  to 
March  3,  1843;  again  elected  to  the  Thirtieth 
and  Thirty-first  Congresses  (March  4,  1847- 
March  3,  1851)  ;  lieutenant  governor  of  Ken- 
tucky 1852;  elected  to  the  United  States  Sen- 
ate and  served  from  March  4,  1853,  to  March 
3,  1859;  died  in  Harrodsburg,  Ky.,  January  7, 
1874. 

Thompson,  John  McCandless,  a  Repre- 
sentative from  Pennsylvania ;  born  in  Butler 
county,  Pa.,  January  4,  1829 ;  attended  the  com- 
mon schools  and  Witherspoon  institute;  studied 
law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1854,  and  began 
practice  in  Butler,  Pa. ;  member  of  the  state 
house  of  representatives  1859-1860  and  served 
one  year  as  speaker;  entered  the  Union  army 
during  the  civil  war  and  served  as  major  and 
subsequently  as  lieutenant  colonel  of  the  one 
hundred  and  thirty-fourth  regiment  of  Pennsyl- 
vania volunteers;  delegate  to  the  Republican 
national  convention  in  1868 ;  elected  as  a  Re- 
publican to  the  Forty-third  Congress,  to  fill 
vacancy  caused  by  the  death  of  Ebenezer  Mc- 
Junkin  and  served  from  January  5,  1875,  to 
March  3,  1875 ;  reelected  to  the  Forty-fifth  Con- 
gress (March  4,  1877-March  3,  1879)  ;  died  in 
Butler,  Pa.,  September  3,  1903. 

Thompson,  Mark,  a  Representative  from 
New  Jersey;  elected  to  the  Fourth  and  Fifth 
Congresses  (March  4,  1795-March  3,  1799). 

Thompson,  Philip,  a  Representative  from 
Kentucky;  a  native  of  that  state;  received  a 
limited  education;  held  several  local  offices; 
elected  to  the  Eighteenth  Congress  (March  4, 
1823-March  3,  1825)  ;  died  February  20,  1829. 

Thompson,  Philip  Burton,  jr.,  a  Representa- 
tive from  Kentucky;  born  in  Harrodsburg,  Ky., 
October  15,  1845;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to 
the  bar,  and  'practiced  in  Harrodsburg ;  elected 
as  a  Democrat  to  the  Forty-sixth,  Forty-sev- 
enth, and  Forty-eighth  Congresses  (March  4, 
1879-March  3,  1885)  ;  located  in  Washington, 
D.  C.,  and  died  there,  December  15,  1909. 

Thompson,  Philip  Rootes,  a  Representative 
from  Virginia ;  born  in  Culpeper  county,  Va., 
March  26,  1766 ;  member  of  the  state  house  of 
delegates  1793-1797;  elected  to  the  Seventh, 
Eighth,  and  Ninth  Congresses  (March  4,  1801- 
March  3,  1807)  ;  died  in  Kanawha  county,  Va.. 
July  27,  1837. 

Thompson,  Richard  "Wigginton,  a  Repre- 
sentative from  Indiana ;  born  in  Culpeper  county, 
Va.,  June  9,  1809;  pursued  classical  studies; 
moved  to  Louisville,  Ky.,  in  1831 ;  clerk  in  a 
store ;  moved  to  Lawrence  county,  Ind. ;  taught 
school ;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in 


1054 


CONGRESSIONAL   DIRECTORY. 


1834,  and  began  practice  in  Bedford,  Ind. ;  mem- 
ber of  the  state  house  of  representatives  1834- 
1836;  served  iu  the  state  senate  1836-1838  and 
served  for  a  short  time  as  president  pro 
tempore;  elected  as  a  Whig  to  the  Twenty- 
seventh  Congress  (March 4, 1841-March  3, 1843)  ; 
unsuccessful  candidate  for  reelection ;  presiden- 
tial elector  in  1840  on  the  Harrison  and  Tyler 
ticket;  reelected  as  a  Whig  to  the  Thirtieth 
Congress  (March  4,  1847-March  3,  1849)  ;  de- 
clined a  renomination ;  declined  the  office  of 
Austrian  minister  tendered  him  by  President 
Taylor,  the  office  of  Recorder  of  the  General 
Land  Office  tendered  by  President  Fillmore,  and 
a  seat  on  the  bench  of  the  Court  of  Claims 
tendered  by  President  Lincoln;  presidential 
elector  on  the  Lincoln  and  Johnson  ticket  in 
1864 ;  delegate  to  the  Republican  national  con- 
vention in  Chicago  in  1868  and  in  Cincinnati  in 
1876;  judge  of  the  fifth  Indiana  circuit  court 
1867-1869;  Secretary  of  the  Navy  under  Presi- 
dent Hayes  from  March  12,  1877,  until  his  resig- 
nation, December  21.  1880;  chairman  of  the 
American  Committee  of  the  Panama  Canal 
Company;  director  of  the  Panama  Railroad 
Company;  died  in  Terre  Haute,  Ind..,  February 
9,  1900. 

Thompson,  Robert  A.,  a  Representative  from 
Virginia;  born  in  Kanawha,  Va.  (now  West 
Virginia)  ;  completed  preparatory  studies;  held 
several  local  offices;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to 
the  Thirtieth  Congress  (March  4,  1847-March  3, 
1849)  ;  unsuccessful  candidate  for  reelection  to 
the  Thirty-first  Congress;  moved  to  California 
and  appointed  state  land  commissioner. 

Thompson,  Thomas  Larkin,  a  Representa- 
tive from  California ;  born  in  Charleston,  W.  Va., 
May  31,  1838;  attended  the  common  schools; 
moved  to  California  in  1854  and  engaged  in  the 
printing  business;  purchased  the  Sonoma  Demo- 
crat in  1860  and  was  the  editor  of  that  paper; 
delegate  to  the  Democratic  national  convention 
in  Cincinnati  in  1880 ;  secretary  of  state  of  Cali- 
fornia 1882-1886 ;  declined  a  renomination ; 
elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Fiftieth  Congress 
(March  4,  1887-March  3,  1889)  ;  appointed 
World's  fair  commissioner,  April  4,  1891 ;  ap- 
pointed United  States  minister  to  Brazil  1893; 
died  in  Santa  Rosa,  Gal.,  February  1,  1898. 

Thompson,  Thomas  Weston,  a  Representa- 
tive and  a  Senator  from  New  Hampshire ;  born 
in  Boston,  Mass.,  March  15,  1766 ;  was  gradu- 
ated from  Harvard  college  in  1786 ;  studied  law, 
was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced  prac- 
tice in  Salisbury,  Mass.,  1791-1810;  postmaster 
of  Salisbury,  N.  H.,  1798-1803;  moved  to  Con- 
cord, N.  H.,  in  1810  and  practiced ;  member  of 
the  state  house  of  representatives  in  1807,  1808, 
1813,  and  1814,  and  served  as  speaker  in  1813 
and  1814;  elected  to  the  Ninth  Congress  (March 
4,  1805-March  3.  1807)  ;  state  treasurer  of  New 
Hampshire  1809-1811 ;  appointed  to  the  United 
States  Senate,  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  the 
death  of  Nicholas  Gilman,  and  served  from  June 
24,  1814,  to  March  3,  1817 ;  trustee  of  Dartmouth 
college  1801-1821 ;  died  in  Concord,  N.  H.,  Octo- 
ber 1,  1821. 

Thompson,  Waddy,  a  Representative  from 
South  Carolina ;  born  in  Pickensville,  S.  C.,  Sep- 
tember 8,  1798 ;  was  graduated  from  South  Caro- 
lina college  in  1814 ;  studied  law.  was  admitted 
to  the  bar  in  1819,  and  practiced ;  member  of 


the  state  legislature  1826-1830;  solicitor  of  the 
western  circuit ;  presidential  elector  on  the 
Floyd  ticket  in  1833 ;  brigadier  general  of  mili- 
tia 1832;  elected  as  a  Whig  to  the  Twenty- 
fourth,  Twenty-fifth,  and  Twenty-sixth  Con- 
gresses (March  4,  1835-March  3,  1841)  ;  United 
States  minister  to  Mexico  1842-1844 ;  moved  to 
Madison,  Fla.,  and  engaged  in  cotton  raising; 
appointed  solicitor  general  of  a  circuit  in  1868; 
died  in  Tallahassee,  PAla.,  November  23,  1868. 

Thompson,  Wiley,  a  Representative  from 
Georgia ;  born  in  Amelia  county,  Va..  September 
23,  1781 ;  moved  to  Elberton,  Ga. ;  held  several 
local  offices ;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Seven- 
teenth, and  to  the  five  succeeding  Congresses 
(March  4,  1821-March  3,  1833)  ;  died  in  Fort 
King,  Fla.,  December  28,  1835;  interment  in 
Elberton,  Ga. 

Thompson,  William,  a  Representative  from 
Iowa ;  born  in  Pennsylvania  in  1813 ;  attended 
the  common  schools;  moved  to  Iowa  and  lo- 
cated in  Mount  Pleasant ;  held  several  local 
offices;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Thirtieth 
Congress  (March  4,  1847-March  3,  1849)  ;  pre- 
sented credentials  as  a  Member-elect  to  the 
Thirty-first  Congress,  and  served  from  March  4, 
1849,  till  June  29,  1850,  when  he  was  succeeded 
by  Jesse  D.  Brown,  who  contested  his  election ; 
served  in  the  Union  army  during  the  Civil  war 
as  captain,  first  Iowa  cavalry,  July  31,  1861 ; 
major,  May  18,  1863;  colonel,  June  20,  1864; 
brevet  brigadier  general  volunteers,  March  13, 
1865,  "  for  gallant  and  meritorious  service " ; 
honorably  mustered  out  March  15.  1866 ; 
recommissioned  captain,  seventh  cavalry,  July 
28,  1866 ;  brevet  major,  March  2,  1867,  "  for  gal- 
lant and  meritorious  service  in  action  at  Prairie 
Grove,  Ark." ;  lieutenant  colonel,  March  2,  1867, 
"  for  gallant  and  meritorious  service  in  action  at 
Bayou  Metoe,  Ark." ;  retired  December  15,  1875 ; 
died  October  7,  1897. 

Thompson,  William  George,  a  Representative 
from  Iowa ;  born  in  Butler  county,  Pa.,  January 
17,  1830;  attended  the  common  schools  and  the 
Witherspoon  institute  in  Butler,  Pa. ;  studied 
law  in  Butler,  Pa.,  was  admitted  to  the 
bar,  October  15,  1853,  and  practiced;  emigrated 
to  Iowa  in  1853  and  located  in  Marion;  prose- 
cuting attorney  of  Linn  county  1854-1856 :  mem- 
ber of  the  state  senate  1856-1860 ;  served  during 
the  Civil  war  as  major  of  the  twentieth  Iowa 
volunteer  infantry  in  1862 ;  presidential  elector 
at  large  in  1864 ;  district  attorney  for  the  eighth 
judicial  district;  chief  justice  of  the  supreme 
court  of  Idaho  from  January  13,  1879,  and  until 
he  resigned  in  April,  1879;  elected  as  a  Repub- 
lican to  the  Forty-sixth  Congress,  to  fill  vacancy 
caused  by  the  death  of  Rush  Clark ;  reelected  to 
the  Forty-seventh  Congress,  and  served  from 
December  1,  1879,  to  March  3,  1883 ;  member  of 
the  state  house  of  representatives  in  1885 ;  judge 
of  the  eighteenth  judicial  district  of  Iowa  Jan- 
uary, 1894-1906;  died  in  Kenwood  Park,  Iowa, 
April  2,  1911. 

Thomson,  Alexander,  a  Representative  from 
Pennsylvania ;  born  in  Franklin  county,  Pa., 
January  12,  1788 ;  apprenticed  as  a  sickle  maker ; 
moved  to  Bedford,  Pa. ;  received  a  limited  school- 
ing; studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and 
began  practice  in  Chambersburg,  Pa. ;  held  sev- 
eral local  offices;  member  of  the  state  house  of 
representatives;  elected  to  the  Eighteenth  Con- 


BIOGRAPHIES. 


1055 


gress,  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  the  resignation 
of  John  Todd;  reelected  to  the  Nineteenth  Con- 
gress, and  served  from  December  6,  1824,  to  May 
1,  1826,  when  he  resigned ;  mayor  of  Lancaster, 
Pa.;  president  judge  of  the  sixteenth  judicial 
district  until  1838;  professor  in  the  law  school 
of  Marshall  college,  Lancaster,  Pa. ;  died  in 
Chambersburg,  Pa.,  August  2,  1848. 

Thomson,  John,  a  Representative  from  Ohio ; 
was  born  in  Ireland  November  20,  1780 ;  emi- 
grated, with  his  parents,  to  America  in  1781 ; 
completed  preparatory  studies;  studied  medicine 
and  moved  to  New  Lisbon,  Ohio,  where  he  prac- 
ticed ;  member  of  the  state  house  of  representa- 
tives ;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Nineteenth 
Congress  (March  4,  1825-March  3,  1827)  ;  re- 
elected  to  the  Twenty-first,  and  to  the  three  suc- 
ceeding Congresses  (March  4,  1829-March  3, 
1837)  ;  died  in  New  Lisbon,  Ohio,  December  2, 
1852. 

Thomson  John  Renshaw,  a  Senator  from 
New  Jersey ;  born  in  Philadelphia,  Pa.,  Septem- 
ber 25, 1800 ;  attended  Princeton  college,  but  left 
in  the  junior  year  to  engage  in  mercantile  pur- 
suits ;  went  to  China  in  1817,  and  became  a  mer- 
chant in  Canton  in  1820 ;  United  States  consul 
at  that  port  1823-1825;  returned  home  and  re- 
sided in  Princeton,  N.  J. ;  unsuccessful  Demo- 
cratic candidate  for  governor  in  1844;  director 
and  secretary  in  the  Delaware  and  Ilaritan  canal 
company;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  United 
States  Senate  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  the  res- 
ignation of  Robert  F.  Stockton ;  reelected  in  1857 
and  served  from  March  4,  1853,  until  his  death 
in  Princeton,  N.  J.,  September  12,  1862. 

Thorington,  James,  a  Representative  from 
Iowa ;  born  in  North  Carolina  in  1816 ;  was 
graduated  from  the  University  of  Alabama ; 
studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  com- 
menced practice  in  Davenport,  Iowa ;  held  sev- 
eral local  offices;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the 
Thirty-fourth  Congress  (March  4,  1855-March  3, 
1857)  ;  United  States  consul  to  Aspinwall  1871- 
1883 ;  died  in  Santa  Fe,  N.  Mex.,  June  13,  1887. 

Thornburgh,  Jacob  Montgomery,  a  Repre- 
sentative from  Tennessee;  born  in  Newmarket, 
Tenn.,  July  3,  1837 ;  completed  preparatory  stud- 
ies; studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and 
began  practice  in  Knoxville,  Tenn.,  in  May,  1862 ; 
entered  the  Union  army  as  a  private  and  pro- 
moted until  he  became  colonel  of  the  fourth 
Tennessee  cavalry  in  June  1863 ;  returned  to  Jef- 
ferson county,  Tenn.,  and  practiced  law;  moved 
to  Knoxville,  Tenn.,  in  1867 ;  appointed  attorney 
general  of  the  third  judicial  circuit  of  Tennessee 
and  elected  in  1869  and  1870 ;  elected  as  a  Repub- 
lican to  the  Forty-third.  Forty-fourth,  and  Forty- 
fifth  Congresses  (March  4,  1873-March  3,  1879)  ; 
retired  from  public  life  and  resumed  the  prac- 
tice of  law  in  Knoxville,  Tenn.,  and  died  there 
September  19,  1890. 

Thornton,  Anthony,  a  Representative  from 
Illinois;  born  in  Bourbon  county,  Ky.,  Novem- 
ber 9,  1814;  was  graduated  from  Miami  Uni- 
versity, Ohio ;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the 
bar,  and  began  practice  in  Shelbyville,  111.; 
delegate  to  the  state  constitutional  conventions 
in  1847  and  1862  ;  member  of  the  state  legislature 
in  1850;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Thirty- 
ninth  Congress  (March  4,  1865-March  3,  1867)  ; 
elected  justice  of  the  supreme  court  of  Illinois, 


1870 ;    president   of  the  state  bar   association ; 
died  in  Shelbyville,  111.,  September  10,  1904. 

Thornton,  John  Randolph,  a  Senator  from 
Louisiana ;  bor.n  in  Iberville  Parish,  La.,  August 
25,  1846;  moved  with  his  parents  to  Rapides 
Parish,  La.,  in  1853;  attended  the  state  uni- 
versity until  1863,  when  he  volunteered  in  the 
Confederate  army  and  served  until  the  close 
of  the  Civil  War ;  engaged  in  agricultural  pur- 
suits until  1877;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  and 
commenced  practice;  judge  of  Rapides  Parish 
1878-1880;  member  of  the  state  constitutional 
convention  in  1898;  member  of  the  board  of 
supervisors  of  the  state  university ;  one  of  the 
three  Louisiana  commissioners  to  conference  on 
uniform  laws  for  the  United  States  and  vice- 
president  of  that  body;  appointed,  and  subse- 
quently elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  United 
States  Senate,  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  the 
death  of  Samuel  D.  McEnery,  and  took  his  seat 
December  12,  1910,  for  the  term  ending  March  3, 
1915. 

Thornton,  Matthew,  a  Delegate  from  New 
Hampshire ;  born  in  Ireland  in  1714 ;  emigrated 
with  his  father  to  the  United  States  and  settled 
in  Wiscassett,  Me. ;  moved  to  Worcester,  Mass. ; 
completed  preparatory  studies;  studied  medicine 
and  practiced  in  Londonderry,  N.  H. ;  colonel  of 
the  state  militia  during  the  Revolutionary  War ; 
justice  of  the  peace;  delegate  to  the  provincial 
convention  1775  and  served  as  its  president; 
speaker  of  the  general  assembly  from  January 
5,  to  September  12,  1776;  Delegate  to  the  Con- 
tinental Congress  1776-1778;  signer  of  the 
Declaration  of  Independence;  chief  justice  of 
the  court  of  common  pleas;  judge  of  the  superior 
court  of  New  Hampshire  1776—1782 ;  moved  to 
Exeter,  N.  H.,  in  1779;  member  of  the  general 
assembly  in  1783 ;  served  in  the  state  senate  in 
1784 ;  state  councillor  in  1785 ;  died  in  Newbury- 
port,  Mass.,  June' 24,  1803. 

Thorp,  Robert  Taylor,  a  Representative  from 
Virginia ;  born  in  Granville  county,  N.  C.,  March 
12,  1850;  attended  Horner  academy,  Oxford, 
N.  C.,  and  was  graduated  from  the  law  depart- 
ment of  the  university  of  Virginia  in  1870,  was 
admitted  to  the  bar,  and  began  practice  in  Boyd- 
ton,  Mecklenburg  county,  in  1871 ;  commonwealth 
attorney  for  that  county  1877-1895 ;  successfully 
contested  as  a  Republican  the  election  of  Wil- 
liam R.  McKenney  to  the  Fifty-fourth  Congress 
and  served  from  May  2,  1896,  to  March  3,  1897 ; 
successfully  contested  the  election  of  Sydney  P. 
Epes  to  the  Fifty-fifth  Congress  and  served 
from  March  23,  1898,  to  March  4,  1899 ;  resumed 
the  practice  of  law  in  Norfolk,  Va. 

Throckmorton,  James  Webb,  a  Representa- 
tive from  Texas;  born  in  Sparta,  Tenn.,  Feb- 
ruary 1,  1825 ;  attended  the  common  schools ; 
emigrated  with  his  father  to  Collin  county. 
Texas,  in  1841 ;  studied  medicine  in  Princeton, 
Ky.,  and  practiced  in  Collin  county,  served  as 
a  surgeon  during  the  Mexican  war ;  studied  law, 
was  admitted  to  the  bai-,  and  practiced;  member 
of  the  state  legislature  1851-1856;  presidential 
elector  on  the  Scott  ticket  in  1852 :  member  of 
the  state  senate  1856-1861 ;  member  of  the  se- 
cession convention  of  Texas;  served  as  captain 
and  major  in  the  Confederate  army  from  the 
spring  of  1S61  until  November,  1863;  again 
elected  to  the  state  senate  in  1865 ;  brigadier 
general  of  state  troops  in  1864  and  commander 


1056 


CONGRESSIONAL   DIRECTORY. 


on  the  northwest  border  of  the  state;  delegate 
to  the  reconstruction  convention  under  President 
Johnson's  proclamation  and  chosen  the  presid- 
ing officer  of  that -body;  elected  governor  of 
Texas  and  was  inaugurated  August  8,  1866; 
removed  by  order  of  General  Sheridan  August 
9,  1867;  resumed  the  practice  of  law  in  Collin 
county,  Texas;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the 
Forty-fourth  and  Forty-fifth  Congresses  (March 
4,  1875-March  3,  1879)  ;  reelected  as  a  Democrat 
to  the  Forty-eighth  and  Forty-ninth  Congresses 
(March  4,  1883-March  3,  1887)  ;  presidential 
elector  at  large  on  the  Hancock  and  English 
ticket  in  1880 ;  unsuccessful  candidate  for  United 
States  Senator  in  1881 ;  died  in  McKinney,  Tex., 
April  21,  1894. 

Throop,  Enos  Thompson,  a  Representative 
from  New  York ;  born  in  Johnstown,  Mont- 
gomery county,  N.  Y.,  August  21,  1784 ;  attended 
the  common  schools;  studied  lawr  was  admitted 
to  the  bar  in  1806,  and  began  practice  in  Au- 
burn. N.  Y. ;  clerk  of  Cayuga  county ;  elected  as 
a  Democrat  to  the  Fourteenth  Congress  and 
served  from  March  4,  1815,  until  his  resignation 
in  June,  1816 ;  circuit  judge  of  New  York  1823- 
1827 ;  elected  lieutenant  governor  of  New  York 
in  1828  and  became  governor  when  Martin  Van 
Buren  was  made  Secretary  of  State  of  the 
United  States  March  12,  1829;  elected  governor 
of  New  York  1830-1833;  naval  officer  of  the 
port  of  New  York  1833-1838;  United  States 
minister  to  Naples  1838-1842;  resided  in  Kala- 
mazoo,  Mich.,  1847-1867 ;  returned  to  his  estate, 
"  Willowbrook,"  near  Auburn,  N.  Y.,  and  died 
there  November  1.  1874. 

Thropp,  Joseph  Earlston,  a  Representative 
from  Pennsylvania ;  born  in  Valley  Forge,  Ches- 
ter county,  Pa. ;  attended  the  public  schools, 
Friends  Central  high  school,  Philadelphia,  Pa., 
and  was  graduated  as  a  civil  engineer  from  the 
Polytechnic  College  of  Pennsylvania  in  1868; 
engaged  in  his  profession  in  Minnesota,  reaching 
the  rank  of  division  engineer;  entered  the  iron 
business  in  1870  in  Everett,  Pa. ;  elected  as  a 
Republican  to  the  Fifty-sixth  Congress  (March 
4,  1899-March  3,  1901). 

Thruston,  Buckner,  a  Senator  from  Ken- 
tucky ;  born  near  Winchester,  Gloucester  county, 
Va.,  February  9,  1764 ;  completed  preparatory 
studies  and  was  graduated  from  William  and 
Mary  college  in  Williamsburg,  Va. ;  elected  a 
member  of  the  state- legislature  in  1788-1790; 
studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  began 
practice  in  Lexington,  Ky. ;  elected  clerk  of  the 
first  state  senate  that  convened  in  Kentucky; 
one  of  three  commissioners  to  settle  boundary 
disputes  between  Kentucky  and  Virginia ;  one  of 
the  district  judges  of  Kentucky  for  more  than 
seven  years;  appointed  United  States  judge  of 
the  court  of  the  Territory  of  Orleans,  but  de- 
clined, having  been  elected  Senator;  elected  as  a 
Democrat  to  the  United  States  Senate  and 
served  from  March  4,  1805,  to  December  18, 
1809,  when  he  resigned;  judge  of  the  United 
States  circuit  court  for  the  District  of  Colum- 
bia until  his  death  in  Washington,  D.  C.,  August 
30,  1845. 

Thurman,  Allen  Granberry,  a  Representative 
and  a  Senator  from  Ohio ;  born  in  Lynch  burg, 
Va.,  November  13,  1813 ;  moved  with  his  father 
to  Chillicothe,  Ohio,  in  1819 ;  attended  the  Chilli- 
cothe  academy ;  private  secretary  to  Governor 


Robert  Lucas  in  1834 ;  studied  law,  was  ad- 
mitted to  the  bar  in  1835,  and  practiced  in  Ross 
county,  Ohio ;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the 
Twenty-ninth  Congress  (March  4.  1845-March  3, 
1847)  ;  declined  a  renomination  and  resumed  the 
practice  of  law ;  associate  justice  of  the  supreme 
court  of  Ohio  in  1851-1854 ;  chief  justice  of  that 
court  1854-1856 ;  unsuccessful  Democratic  can- 
didate for  governor  of  Ohio  in  1867 ;  elected  as 
a  Democrat  to  the  United  States  Senate;  re- 
elected  in  1874  and  served  from  March  4,  1869, 
to  March  3,  1881 ;  member  of  the  electoral  com- 
mission of  1876;  unsuccessful  candidate  for  re- 
election to  the  United  States  Senate  in  1881 : 
resumed  the  practice  of  law  in  Columbus,  Ohio : 
delegate  to  the  Democratic  national  conventions 
in  1876,  1880,  and  1884 ;  unsuccessful  Democratic 
candidate  for  Vice-President  of  the  United  States 
in  1888;  died  in  Columbus,  Ohio,  December  12, 
1895. 

Thurman,  John  B.,  a  Representative  from 
New  York ;  a  native  of  New  York  City ;  was 
graduated  from  Columbia  College  in  1835 ;  moved 
to  Warren  county,  N.  Y. ;  held  several  local 
offices ;  elected  as  a  Whig  to  the  Thirty-first 
Congress  (March  4,  1849-March  3,  1851)  ;  died 
in  Chestertown,  N.  Y.,  in  1857. 

Thurston,  Benjamin  Babock,  a  Representa- 
tive from  Rhode  Island;  born  in  Hopkinton, 
R.  L,  June  29,  1804 ;  attended  the  public  schools ; 
engaged  in  mercantile  pursuits ;  member  of  the 
state  house  of  representatives;  presidential 
elector  on  the  Van  Buren  ticket  in  1837 ;  lieu- 
tenant governor  of  Rhode  Island  in  1838 ;  elected 
as  a  Democrat  to  the  Thirtieth  Congress  ( March 
4,  1847-March  3,  1849)  ;  unsuccessful  candidate 
for  reelection ;  reelected  to  the  Thirty-second. 
Thirty-third,  and  Thirty-fourth  Congresses 
(March  4,  1851-March  3,  1857)  ;  after  leaving 
Congress  moved  to  New  London,  Conn.,  and  died 
there  May  17,  1886. 

Thurston,  John  Mellen,  a  Senator  from  Ne- 
braska ;  born  in  Montpelier,  Vt.,  August  21, 1847 ; 
moved  with  his  parents  to  Madison,  Wis.,  in 
1854,  and  two  years  later  to  Beaver  Dam,  Wis. ; 
attended  the  public  schools  and  was  graduated 
from  Wayland  university,  Beaver  Dam,  Wis. ; 
studied  law ;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  May  21, 
1869,  and  commenced  practice  in  Omaha,  Nebr. ; 
member  of  the  city  council  1872-1874;  city  at- 
torney of  Omaha  1874-1877 ;  member  of  the 
Nebraska  legislature  1875-1877;  presidential 
elector  on  the  Garfield  and  Arthur  ticket  in 
1880 ;  member  of  the  Republican  national  con- 
vention in  1884  and  1900 ;  temporary  chairman 
of  the  Republican  national  convention  in  1888 ; 
assistant  attorney  for  the  Union  Pacific  railway 
company  in  1877,  and  in  February,  1888.  ap- 
pointed general  solicitor;  unsuccessful  Repub- 
lican candidate  for  United  States  Senator  in 
1893 ;  elected,  as  a  Republican,  January  15.  1895, 
to  the  United  States  Senate,  and  served  from 
March  4,  1895,  to  March  3,  1901;  chairman  of 
the  Republican  national  convention  in  St.  Louis, 
Mo.,  in  1896;  appointed  United  States  commis- 
sioner to  the  St.  Louis  Exposition  March  6, 
1901 ;  moved  to  Washington,  D.  C.,  and  engaged 
in  the  practice  of  law. 

Thurston,  Samuel  Royal,  a  Delegate  from 
Oregon  Territory ;  born  in  Monmouth,  Me. ;  April 
17, 1816;  attended  Wesleyan  seminary,  Readfield. 
Me.,  Dartmouth  college,  and  was  graduated  from 


BIOGRAPHIES. 


1057 


Bowdoin  college  in  1843;  studied  law,  was  ad 
niitted  to  the  bar,  and  began  practice  in  Brims 
wick,  Me.;  moved  to  Burlington,  Iowa,  in  1845 
and  practiced;  editor  of  the  Iowa  Gazette 
moved  to  Oregon  City,  Oreg.,  in  1849  and  en 
gaged  in  the  practice  of  law ;  elected  as  a  Demo 
crat  to  the  Thirty-first  Congress  (March  4,  1849- 
March  3,  1851)  ;  died  at  sea  on  his  way  home 
from  Washington  April  9,  1851,  and  was  buried 
in  Acapulco,  Mexico;  final  interment  in  Salem 
Oreg. 

Tibbatts,  John  Woolister,  a  Representative 
from  Kentucky;  born  in  Lexington,  Ky.,  June 
12,  1802 ;  pursued  classical  studies ;  studied  law, 
was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  began  practice  in 
Newport,  Ky. ;  held  several  local  offices ;  elected 
as  a  Democrat  to  the  Twenty-eighth  and  Twenty- 
ninth  Congresses  (March  4,  1843-March  3, 
1847);  served  in  the  Mexican  war  as  colonel; 
died  in  Newport,  Ky.,  July  5,  1852. 

Tibbitts,  George,  a  Representative  from  New 
York;  born  in  Warwick,  R.  I.,  January  14, 
1763;  pursued  classical  studies;  engaged  in 
business  in  Lansingburg,  N.  Y.,  in  1784;  moved 
to  Troy,  N.  Y.,  in  1797;  member  of  the  state 
legislature  in  1800;  elected  as  a  Federalist  to 
the  Eighth  Congress  (March  4,  1803-March  3, 
1805)  ;  member  of  the  state  senate  1815-1818; 
unsuccessful  Federalist  candidate  for  lieuten- 
ant governor  of  New  York  in  1816;  member  of 
the  commission  on  state  prisons  which  reported 
in  favor  of  the  Auburn  system  in  1824;  mem- 
ber of  the  commission  which  had  charge  of  the 
construction  of  Sing  Sing  prison;  mayor  of 
Troy.  N.  Y.,  1830-1836;  died  in  Troy,  N.  Y.,  July 
19,  1849. 

Tichenor,  Isaac,  a  Senator  from  Vermont; 
born  in  Newark,  N.  J..  February  8,  1754;  was 
graduated  from  Princeton  college  in  1775; 
studied  law  in  Schenectady,  N.  Y. ;  appointed 
assistant  commissary  general,  in  1777,  and  was 
stationed  in  Bennington,  Vt. ;  was  admitted  to 
the  bar  and  began  practice;  member  of  the  state 
house  of  representatives  1781-1784;  state  coun- 
cilor* 1787-1792 ;  one  of  the  commissioners  to  set- 
tle the  boundary  question  with  New  York  1789 ; 
member  of  the  state  board  of  censors  in  1792- 
1813;  associate  judge  of  the  state  supreme  court 
1791-1794,  and  its  chief  justice,  1795-1796 ;  elect- 
ed as  a  Federalist  to  the  United  States  Senate, 
to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  the  resignation  of  Moses 
Robinson,  and  served  from  October  18,  1796, 
to  October  17,  1797,  when  he  resigned ;  governor 
of  Vermont  1797-1807,  and  1808-1809;  again 
elected  to  the  United  States  Senate,  and  served 
from  March  4,  1815,  to  March  3,  1821;  died  in 
Bennington,  Vt.,  December  11,  1838. 

Tiffin,  Edward,  a  Senator  from  Ohio ;  born  in 
Carlisle,  England,  June  19,  1766;  attended  the 
common  schools;  studied  medicine;  came  to  the 
United  States  in  1784  and  located  in  Charles- 
town,  Va. ;  attended  lectures  in  the  medical  de- 
partment of  the  University  of  Pennsylvania  in 
1789;  preacher  of  the  Methodist  Episcopal 
church  in  1790;  moved  to  Chillicothe.  Ohio,  in 
1796,  and  continued  to  preach  and  practice  med- 
icine; member  of  the  territorial  house  of  repre- 
sentatives in  1799  and  again  in  1809-1811,  and 
served  as  speaker;  president  of  the  convention 
that  formed  the  constitution  of  Ohio  in  1802; 
elected  first  governor  of  the  state  in  1803  and 
reelected  in  1805;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the 

50346°— S.  Doc.  654,  61-2 67 


United  States  Senate  and  served  from  March  4, 
1S07,  to  March  3,  1809.  when  he  resigned; 
elected  to  the  state  legislature  in  1809  and  served 
as  speaker;  resumed  the  medical  profession  in 
Chillicothe,  Ohio ;  appointed  by  President  Madi- 
son the  first  commissioner  of  the  general  land 
office  1812-1814;  with  the  consent  of  the  Presi- 
dent and  the  Senate  exchanged  offices  with 
Josiah  Meigs  and  became  surveyor  general  of 
the  Northwest  Territory,  which  position  be  held 
until  removed  by  President  Jackson  July  1,  1829 ; 
died  in  Chillicothe,  Ohio,  August  9,  1829. 

Tift,  Nelson,  a  Representative  from  Georgia ; 
born  in  Groton,  Conn.,  in  1810 ;  moved  to  Charles- 
ton, S.  C.,  in  1826  and  engaged  in  mercantile 
business;  moved  to  south  Georgia  in  1835; 
founder  of  the  city  of  Albany,  Ga. ;  served  as 
justice  of  the  peace,  judge  of  the  inferior  court, 
and  colonel  of  militia;  elected  as  a  Republican 
to  the  Fortieth  Congress,  and  served  from  July 
25,  1868,  to  March  3,  1869;  claimed  election  to 
the  Forty-first  Congress  under  the  same  creden- 
tials presented  in  the  previous  Congress,  but  the 
House  by  resolution  of  January  28,  1870,  de- 
clared that  he  was  not  entitled  to  his  seat;  con- 
tested the  election  of  Richard  H.  Whitley  to  the 
Forty-first  Congress,  but  no  action  was  taken 
thereon ;  delegate  in  the  state  constitutional  con- 
venion  of  1877;  died  in  Albany,  Ga.,  November 
21,  1891. 

Tilden,  Daniel  R.,  a  Representative  from 
Ohio;  a  native  of  Connecticut;  attended  the 
public  schools;  moved  to  Ravenna,  Ohio;  held 
several  local  offices;  elected  as  a  Whig  to  the 
Twenty-eighth  and  Twenty-ninth  Congresses 
(March  4,  1843-March  3,  1847). 

Tilghman,  Matthew,  a  Delegate  from  Mary- 
land ;  born  on  the  "  Hermitage,"  Queen  Anne 
county,  Md.,  February  17,  1718;  completed 
preparatory  studies;  justice  of  the  peace  for 
Talbot  county ;  delegate  in  the  general  assembly 
of  Maryland  1751-1777,  and  served  as  speaker  of 
the  house  of  delegates  1773-1775;  president  of 
the  revolutionary  convention  that  directed  the 
affairs  of  the  colony  1774-1777;  member  of  the 
committee  appointed  to  draw  up  the  protest 
against  the  stamp  act ;  chairman  of  the  commit- 
tee on  correspondence  1774;  chairman  of  the 
committee  on  safety  1775;  sat  in  the  Con- 
tinental Congress  1774-1777;  president  of  the 
state  constitutional  convention  in  Annapolis  in 
1776,  and  it  was  during  his  absence  that  the 
Declaration  of  Independence  was  adopted  and 
signed;  resigned  his  seat  in  Congress  and  was 
elected  a  member  of  the  state  senate  in  1777; 
reelected,  but  resigned  before  the  expiration  of 
his  term ;  died  at  the  estate  "  Hermitage,"  in 
Queen  Anne  county,  Md.,  May  4,  1790. 

Tillinghast,  Joseph  Leonard,  a  Representa- 
tive from  Rhode  Island ;  born  in  Taunton,  Mass., 
in  1791 ;  moved  to  Rhode  Island  and  pursued 

lassical  studies;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to 
:he  bar  in  1811,  and  began  practice  in  Provi- 
dence, R.  I. ;  member  of  the  state  house  of  rep- 
resentatives and  served  as  speaker  several 

erms;  elected  as  a  Whig  to  the  Twenty-fifth, 
Twenty-sixth,  and  Twenty-seventh  Congresses 
(March  4,  1837-March  3,  1843)  ;  trustee  of 
Brown  university  1833-1844;  died  in  Provi- 
dence, R.  I.,  December  30,  1844. 

Tillinghast,  Thomas,  a  Representative  from 
Rhode  Island;  born  in  East  Greenwich,  R.  I., 


1058 


CONGRESSIONAL   DIRECTORY. 


August  21,  1742;  completed  preparatory  stud- 
ies; member  of  the  state  house  of  representa- 
tives 1772-1773 ;  held  several  offices  under  Revo- 
lutionary authorities;  again  a  member  of  the 
state  house  of  representatives  1778-1780;  judge 
of  the  court  of  common  pleas  in  1779;  member 
of  the  council  of  war;  associate  justice  of  the 
state  supreme  court  1780-1797;  elected  to  the 
Fifth  Congress  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  the 
resignation  of  Elisha  R.  Potter,  and  served  from 
November  13,  1797,  to  March  3,  1799;  reelected 
to  the  Seventh  Congress  (March  4,  1801-March 
3,  1803)  died  in  East  Greenwich,  R.  I.,  August 
26,  1821. 

Tillman,  Benjamin  Ryan,  a  Senator  from 
South  Carolina ;  born  in  Edgefield  county.  S.  C., 
August  11,  1847 ;  pursued  an  academic  course ; 
left  school  in  July.  1864,  to  join  the  Confederate 
army,  but  was  stricken  with  a  severe  illness, 
engaged  in  agricultural  pursuits ;  elected  gov- 
ernor of  South  Carolina  in  November,  1890,  and 
reelected  in  1892;  founded  the  Clemson  Agri- 
cultural college,  Fort  Hill,  S.  C.,  in  1893 ;  estab- 
lished the  Winthrop  Normal  and  Industrial  col- 
lege for  women  in  Rock  Hill,  S.  C. ;  member  of 
the  state  constitutional  convention  in  1895 ;  elect- 
ed as  a  Democrat  to  the  United  States  Senate 
in  1894  and  took  his  seat  March  4,  1895;  re- 
elected  in  1901  and  again  in  1907  for  the  term 
ending  March  3,  1913 ;  nominated  at  a  primary 
election  for  the  term  beginning  March  4,  1913. 

Tillman,  George  Dionysius,  a  Representative 
from  South  Carolina ;  born  near  Curryton, 
Edgefield  county.  S.  CM  August  21,  1826;  pur- 
sued an  academic  course  in  Penfield,  Ga.,  and 
in  Greenwood,  S.  C.,  and  attended  Harvard,  uni- 
versity, but  did  not  graduate ;  studied  law,  was 
admitted  to  the  bar  in  1848.  and  practiced  in 
Edgefield,  S.  C. ;  member  of  the  state  house  of 
representatives  1854-1855 ;  volunteered  during 
the  Civil  war  and  served  in  the  third  regiment 
of  South  Carolina  state  troops  in  1862,  and 
shortly  after  its  disbandment  entered  the  second 
regiment  of  South  Carolina  artillery,  and  served 
until  the  close  of  the  war;  again  a  member  of 
the  state  house  of  representatives  in  1864 ;  mem- 
ber of  the  state  constitutional  convention  in 
1865,  held  under  the  reconstruction  proclamation 
of  President  Johnson ;  served  in  the  state  senate 
in  1865;  unsuccessful  Democratic  candidate  to 
the  Forty-fifth  Congress ;  elected  as  a  Democrat 
to  the  Forty-sixth  Congress  (March  4,  1879- 
March  3,  1881)  ;  presented  credentials  as  a  Mem- 
ber-elect to  the  Forty-seventh  Congress  and 
served  from  March  4,  1881,  until  July  19,  1882, 
when  he  was  succeeded  by  Robert  Smalls,  who 
contested  his  election ;  reelected  to  the  Forty- 
eighth,  and  to  the  four  succeeding  Congresses 
(March  4,  1883-March  3,  1893)  ;  member  of  the 
state  constitutional  convention  in  1895 ;  died  in 
Clarks  Hill,  S.  C.,  February  2,  1902. 

Tillman,  Lewis,  a  Representative  from  Ten- 
nessee ;  born  in  Bedford  county,  Tenn.,  August 
18,  1816;  attended  the  common  schools  and  pur- 
sued an  academic  course ;  served  in  the  Seminole 
war  as  a  private;  clerk  of  the  circuit  court 
1852-1860;  served  as  a  private  in  the  Civil  war; 
editor  of  a  newspaper  in  Shelbyville,  Tenn. ; 
clerk  of  the  chancery  court ;  colonel  of  state 
militia  before  the  war;  elected  as  a  Republican 
to  the  Forty-first  Congress  (March  4,  1869- 
March  3,  1871)  ;  died  in  Shelbyville,  Bedford 
county,  Tenn..  May  3,  1886. 


Tilson,  John  Quillin,  a  Representative  from 
Connecticut ;  born  in  Clearbranch,  Teun.,  April 
5,  1866 ;  attended  public  and  private  schools  and 
was  graduated  from  Yale  law  school  in  1893; 
was  admitted  to  the  bar  and  commenced  practice 
in  New  Haven,  Conn. ;  enlisted  as  a  volunteer  for 
the  war  with  Spain  and  served  as  second  lieuten- 
ant in  the  sixth  United  States  volunteer  infan- 
try ;  major  in  the  second  regiment  infantry,  Con- 
necticut national  guard ;  member  of  the  state 
general  assembly  1904-1908,  and  served  as 
speaker  in  1907 ;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the 
Sixty-first  Congress  (March  4,  1909-March  3, 
1911).  Reelected,  to  the  Sixty-second  Congress. 

Tilton,  James,  a  Delegate  from  Delaware; 
born  in  Kent  county,  Del.,  June  1,  1745 ;  at- 
tended Nottingham  academy,  Md.,  and  was 
graduated  from  the  medical  department  of  the 
university  of  Pennsylvania  in  1771,  and  began 
practice  in  Dover,  Del. ;  entered  the  Revolu- 
tionary army  as  surgeon,  and  in  1777  was  in 
charge  of  the  military  hospital  in  Princeton, 
N.  J. ;  after  peace  was  declared  he  resumed  the 
practice  of  his  profession  in  Dover,  Del. ;  sat  in 
the  Continental  Congress  1783-1785;  moved  to 
Wilmington.  Del. ;  government  commissioner  of 
loans  1785-1801 ;  served  several  years  as  a  mem- 
ber of  the  state  house  of  representatives ;  Sur- 
geon General  of  the  United  States  army  1813- 
1815 ;  died  near  Wilmington,  Del.,  May  14,  1822 ; 
interment  in  the  Wilmington  and  Brandywine 
cemetery. 

Tipton,  John,  a  Senator  from  Indiana;  born 
in  Sevier  county,  Tenn.,  August  14,  1786 ;  re- 
ceived a  limited  schooling;  moved  to  Harrison 
county,  Ind.,  in  1807 ;  served  with  the  "  Yellow 
Jackets"  in  the  Tippecanoe  campaign,  and  at- 
tained the  rank  of  brigadier  general  of  militia ; 
sheriff  of  Harrison  county,  Ind.,  1815-1819; 
member  of  the  committee  to  locate  the  state 
capitol  in  1821 ;  served  in  the  state  house  of  rep- 
resentatives 1819-1823 ;  one  of  the  commissioners 
to  select  a  site  for  a  new  capital  for  Indiana  in 
1820;  commissioner  to  determine  boundary  line 
between  Indiana  and  Illinois ;  appointed  U.  S. 
Indian  agent  for  the  Pottawatamie  and  Miami 
tribes  in  March,  1823;  laid  out  the  city  of 
Logansport,  Ind.,  April  10,  1828;  elected  to  the 
United  States  Senate  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by 
the  death  of  James  Noble ;  reelected  in  1833.  and 
served  from  January  3,  1832,  until  March  3, 
1839 ;  died  in  Logansport,  Ind.,  April  5,  1839. 

Tipton,  Thomas  Foster,  a  Representative 
from  Illinois ;  born  in  Franklin  county,  Ohio, 
August  29,  1833 ;  moved  to  McLean  county,  111., 
in  1843;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar, 
and  began  practice;  state  attorney  for  the  eighth 
judicial  district  of  Illinois  1867-1868;  elected 
circuit  judge  of  the  eighth  judicial  circuit  in 
1870,  and  on  the  reorganization  elected  circuit 
judge  of  the  fourteenth  judicial  circuit;  elected 
as  a  Republican  to  the  Forty-fifth  Congress 
(March  4,  1877-March  3,  1879)  ;  died  in  Bloom- 
ington,  111.,  February  7,  1904. 

Tipton,  Thomas  Warren,  a  Senator  from  Ne- 
braska ;  born  in  Cadiz,  Ohio.  August  5, 1817 ;  pur- 
sued classical  studies  and  was  graduated  from 
Madison  college,  Pennsylvania ;  studied  law,  was 
admitted  to  the  bar,  and  practiced ;  served  in  the 
state  legislature  in  1845;  moved  to  Brownsville, 
Nebr. ;  member  of  the  state  constitutional  con- 
vention in  1867 ;  member  of  the  territorial  conn- 


BIOGRAPHIES. 


1059 


cil  of  Nebraska  in  I860;  studied  theology;  chap- 
lain in  the  Union  array  during  the  civil  war ; 
upon  the  admission  of  Nebraska  as  a  state  was 
elected  to  the  United  States  Senate;  reelected  in 
1869,  and  served  from  March  4,  1867,  until 
.March  3,  1875:  resumed  the  practice  of  law; 
died  in  Washington,  D.  G.,  November  26,  1899. 

Tirrell,  Charles  Quincy,  a  Representative 
from  Massachusetts;  born  in  Sharon,  Mass., 
December  10,  1844;  attended  the  common  schools 
and  was  graduated  from  Dartmouth  college  in 
1866;  studied  law  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar 
in  1870  in  Boston,  Mass.;  elected  to  the  general 
court  of  Massachusetts  from  Weymouth  in  1872 ; 
member  of  the  state  senate  1881  and«1882;  Re- 
publican presidential  elector  in  1888;  elected  as 
a  Republican  to  the  Fifty-seventh,  and  to  the 
four  succeeding  Congresses,  and  served  from 
March  4,  1901,  until  his  death  in  Natick,  Mass., 
July  31,  1910. 

Titus,  Obadiah,  a  Representative  from  New 
York ;  bom  in  Dutchess  county,  N.  Y.,  January 
20,  1789:  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar, 
and  practiced  in  Millbrook,  N.  Y. ;  elected  county 
judge:  sheriff  of  Dutchess  county,  N.  Y. ;  elected 
as  a  Democrat  to  the  Twenty-fifth  Congress 
(March  4,  1837-March  3,  1839)  ;  died  in  Dutchess 
county,  N.  Y.,  September  22,  1859. 

Todd,  Albert  May,  a  Representative  from 
Michigan ;  born  near  Nottaway,  St.  Joseph 
county,  Mich..  June  3.  1850:  attended  the  dis- 
trict school,  and  was  graduated  from  the  Sturgis 
high  school ;  studied  some  time  at  the  North- 
western university ;  engaged  in  growing  and  dis- 
tilling of  essential  oils;  elected  as  a  Fusion  can- 
didate to  the  Fifty-fifth  Congress  (March  4, 
1897-March  3,  1899)  ;  resides  in  Kalamazoo, 
Mich. ;  president  of  Society  of  Chemical  Indus- 
try ;  trustee  of  Kalamazoo  college. 

Todd,  John,  a  Representative  from  Pennsyl- 
vania; born  in  Hartford,  Conn.,  in  1779;  at- 
tended the  common  schools ;  held  several  local 
offices ;  elected  to  the  Seventeenth  and  Eigh- 
teenth Congresses,  and  served  from  March  4, 
1821,  until  1824,  when  he  resigned;  president 
judge  of  the  court  of  common  pleas  for  the  six- 
teenth judicial  district ;  associate  judge  of  the 
state  supreme  court ;  died  in  Bedford,  Pa.,  April 
4,  1830. 

Todd,  John  Blair  Smith,  a  Delegate  from 
Dakota  Territory ;  born  in  Lexington,  Ky.,  April 
4,  1814;  moved  with  his  parents  to  Illinois  in 
1827;  was  graduated  from  the  United  States 
military  academy  in  1837 ;  commissioned  second 
lieutenant  in  the  sixth  infantry  July  1,  1837; 
first  lieutenant  December  10,  1837.  and  captain 
November  8,  1843 ;  served  in  the  Florida  war 
1837-1842,  and  the  war  with  Mexico;  resigned, 
September  16,  1856,  and  became  an  Indian 
trader;  settled  in  Fort  Randall,  Dakota  Terri- 
tory; elected  to  the  Thirty-seventh  Congress 
(March  4,  1861-March  3.  1803)  ;  successfully 
contested  the  election  of  William  Jayne  to  the 
Thirty-eighth  Congress  and  served  from  June 
17,  1864,  to  March  3,  1865;  appointed  brigadier 
general  of  volunteers  in  the  Union  army.  Sep- 
tember 19.  1861  ;  appointment  expired  July  17, 
1862:  served  as  speaker  of  the  Dakota  house  of 
representatives  18(57;  governor  of  Dakota  Terri- 
tory 1869-1871:  died  in  Yankton,  Dakota  Terri- 
tory, January  f>.  1872. 


Todd,  Lemuel,  a  Representative  from  Penn- 
sylvania; born  in  Carlisle.  Pa.,  July  29,  1817; 
pursued  classical  studies  and  was  graduated 
from  Dickinson  college;  studied  law  and  was 
admitted  to  the  bar  in  1841 ;  elected  to  the 
Thirty-fourth  Congress  (March  4,  1855-March 
3,  1857)  ;  unsuccessful  Union  candidate  for 
reelection ;  served  in  the  Union  army ;  reelected 
us  a  Republican  to  the  Forty-third  Congress 
(March  4,  1873-March  3,  1875)  ;  died  in  Car- 
lisle, Pa.,  May  12,  1891. 

Toland,  George  Washington,  a  Representa- 
tive from  Pennsylvania;  born  in  Philadelphia, 
Pa.,  February  8,  1796;  attended  the  common 
schools;  was  graduated  from  Princeton  college 
in  1816 ;  held  several  local  offices ;  elected  as  a 
Whig  to  the  Twenty-fifth,  Twenty-sixth,  and 
Twenty-seventh  Congresses  (March  4,  1837- 
March  3.  1843)  ;  died  in  Philadelphia,  Pa.,  Janu- 
ary 30,  1869. 

Tomkins,  Caleb,  a  Representative  from  New 
York ;  born  in  Westchester  county,  N.  Y, ;  mem- 
ber of  the  state  house  of  representatives  1804- 
1806;  elected  to  the  Fifteenth  and  Sixteenth 
Congresses  (March  4,  1817-March  3,  1821). 

Tomkins,  Christopher,  a  Representative  from 
Kentucky ;  completed  preparatory  studies ;  stud- 
ied law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  prac- 
ticed :  elected  to  the  Twenty-second  and  Twenty- 
third  Congresses  (March  4, 1831-March  3, 1835)  ; 
died  in  Glasgow,  Ky.,  in  1845. 

Tomlinson,  Gideon,  a  Representative  and  a 
Senator  from  Connecticut;  born  in  Stratford, 
Conn.,  December  31.  1780;  was  graduated  from 
Yale  college  in  1802 ;  studied  law,  was  admitted 
to  the  bar,  and  began  practice  in  Fairfield. 
Conn. ;  elected  to  the  Sixteenth,  and  to  the  three 
succeeding  Congresses  (March  4.  1819-March  3, 
1827)  :  governor  of  Connecticut  1827-1831,  when 
he  resigned;  trustee  of  Trinity  college  1832- 
1836;  elected  to  the  United  States  Senate  and 
served  from  March  4,  1831,  to  March  3,  1837; 
died  in  Fairfield,  Conn..  October  8,  1854. 

Tomlinson,  Thomas  A.,  a  Representative 
from  New  York ;  a  native  of  New  York ;  re- 
ceived a  limited  education ;  member  of  the 
state  assembly  1835-1836;  elected  as  a  Whig  to 
the  Twenty-seventh  Congress  (March  4,  1841- 
March  3,  1843)  ;  died  in  Keeseville,  N.  Y.,  June 
18,  1872. 

Tompkins,  Arthur  Sidney,  a  Representative 
from  New  York  ;  born  in  Schoharie  county,  N.  Y., 
August  26,  1865;  attended  the  public  schools 
of  Clarkstown  and  Nyack  until  1878;  studied 
law  in  Nyack  and  Tarrytown,  was  admitted  to 
the  bar  in  1886,  and  practiced;  police  justice  of 
Nyack,  N.  Y.,  1887-1889 ;  served  in  the  state  as- 
sembly in  1890 ;  county  judge  of  Rockland  county 
1893-1898 ;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Fifty- 
sixth  and  Fifty-seventh  Congresses  (March  4, 
1899-March  3,  1903;  elected  justice  of  the  su- 
preme court  of  New  York  in  1906  for  a  term  of 
fourteen  years. 

Tompkins,  Cydnor  Bailey,  a  Representative 
from  Ohio ;  born  in  Belmont  county,  Ohio,  No- 
vember 8,  1810;  completed  preparatory  studies 
and  was  graduated  from  the  Ohio  university, 
Athens,  Ohio;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the 
bar.  and  began  practice  in  McConnelsville, 
Ohio ;  member  of  the  Republican  state  conven- 
tion of  1855;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the 


1060 


CONGRESSIONAL   DIRECTORY. 


Thirty-fifth  and  Thirty-sixth  Congresses  (March 
4,  1857-March  3,  1861)  ;  died  in  McConnelsville, 
Ohio,  July  22,  1862. 

Tompkins,  Daniel  D.,  a  Representative  from 
New  York;  born  in  Scarsdale,  Westchester 
county,  N.  Y.,  June  21,  1774;  was  graduated 
from  Columbia  college  in  1795 ;  studied  law,  was 
admitted  to  the  bar,  and  in  1797  began  practice 
in  New  York  City ;  delegate  to  the  state  consti- 
tutional convention  in  1801 ;  member  of  the 
state  assembly  in  1803;  elected  as  a  Democrat 
to  the  Ninth  Congress  and  served  from  March  4, 
1805,  until  his  resignation  before  the  assembling 
of  the  Congress,  July  2,  1805;  associate  justice 
of  the  state  supreme  court  1804-1807 ;  governor 
of  New  York  1808-1813 ;  declined  the  position  of 
secretary  of  state  of  the  United  States,  tendered 
by  President  Madison ;  elected  Vice  President  of 
the  United  States  in  1816;  reelected  in  1820  and 
served  from  March  4,  1817,  to  March  3,  1825; 
delegate  to  the  state  constitutional  convention 
in  1821  and  served  as  its  president;  died  on 
Staten  Island,  N.  Y.,  June  11,  1825. 

Tompkins,  Emmett,  a  Representative  from 
Ohio ;  born  in  McConnelsville,  Morgan  county, 
Ohio,  September  1,  1853;  moved  to  Athens 
county,  Ohio;  attended  the  public  schools  and 
the  Ohio  university,  Athens  Ohio ;  studied  law, 
was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1875  and  practiced ; 
elected  city  solicitor  and  mayor  of  Athens,  Ohio ; 
prosecuting  attorney  of  Athens  county ;  member 
of  the  state  legislature;  moved  to  Columbus, 
Ohio,  in  1889;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the 
Fifty-seventh  Congress  (March  4,  1901-March 

3,  1903)  ;  resumed  the  practice  of  law  in  Colum- 
bus, Ohio. 

Tompkins,  Patrick  W.,  a  Representative 
from  Mississippi ;  a  native  of  Kentucky ;  re- 
ceived a  limited  education ;  studied  law,  was  ad- 
mitted to  the  bar,  and  began  practice  in  Vicks- 
burg,  Miss. ;  elected  as  a  Whig  to  the  Thirtieth 
Congress  (March  4,  1847-March  3,  1849)  ;  moved 
to  California ;  died  in  San  Francisco.  May 
16,  1853. 

Tongue,  Thomas  H.,  a  Representative  from 
Oregon ;  born  in  Lincolnshire,  England,  June  23, 
1844 ;  moved  with  his  parents  to  Washington 
county,  Oreg.,  November  23,  1859 ;  was  gradu- 
ated from  Pacific  university,  Forestgrove,  Wash- 
ington county,  Oreg.,  in  June,  1868;  moved  to 
Hillsboro,  Oreg.,  in  1868;  studied  law,  was  ad- 
mitted to  the  bar  in  September,  1870,  and  com- 
menced practice;  chairman  of  the  state  Repub- 
lican convention  in  1890;  delegate  to  the  Repub- 
lican national  convention  in  Minneapolis  in 
1892  and  the  Oregon  vice  president  of  that 
convention ;  again  the  permanent  chairman  of 
the  state  Republican  convention  in  1894;  elected 
as  a  Republican  to  the  Fifty-fifth  and  to  the  two 
succeeding  Congresses  and  served  from  March 

4,  1899,  until  his  death  in  Washington,  D.  C., 
January  11,  1903. 

Toole,  Joseph  Kemp,  a  Delegate  from  the 
Territory  of  Montana ;  born  in  Savannah,  Mo., 
May  12,  1851;  attended  the  public  schools  in 
St.  Joseph,  Mo.,  and  the  Western  Military  Acad- 
emy at  Newcastle,  Ky. ;  studied  law ;  moved  to 
Helena,  Mont,  in  1870;  was  admitted  to  the  bar 
in  1871  and  practiced ;  district  attorney  of  the 
third  judicial  district  in  Montana  1872-1876; 
member  and  president  of  the  territorial  council 
1879-1883;  member  of  the  state  constitutional 


convention  in  Helena,  Mont.,  in  1884  and  1S89; 
elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Forty-ninth  and 
Fiftieth  Congresses  (March  4,  1885-Murch  3, 
1889)  ;  first  governor  of  Montana,  in  1889;  re- 
elected  in  1900  for  the  term  expiring  January 
1.  1905 ;  and  resides  in  Helena,  Mont. 

Toombs,  Robert,  a  Representative  and  a  Sen- 
ator from  Georgia ;  born  in  Wilkes  county,  Ga., 
July  2,  1910 ;  attended  the  University  of  Georgia 
and  was  graduated  from  Union  college,  New 
York,  in  1828 ;  studied  law  at  the  University  of 
Virginia  and  began  practice  in  Washington,  Ga., 
in  1828;  commanded  a  company  in  the  Creek 
war  in  1836 ;  representative  in  the  Georgia  legis- 
lature 1837-1840  and  1841-1844  ;  Whig  candidate 
for  speaker  of  the  house  in  1842 ;  delegate  to  the 
Democratic  national  convention  in  1844 ;  elected 
as  a  State  Rights  Democrat  to  the  Twenty-ninth, 
Thirtieth,  Thirty-first,  and  Thirty-second  Con- 
gresses (March  4,  1847-March  3,  1853)  ;  elected 
to  the  United  States  Senate  in  1852 ;  reelected 
in  1858,  and  served  from  March  4,  1853,  to  March 
14,  1861,  when  he  was  formally  expelled ;  mem- 
ber of  the  state  sovereignty  convention  in  Mill- 
edgeville,  Ga.,  January  16,  1861 ;  served  in  the 
provisional  congress;  secretary  of  state  of  the 
Confederacy ;  brigadier  general  in  the  Confeder- 
ate army;  after  the  war  he  escaped  arrest  and 
went  to  Europe;  returned  to  his  home  in  Wash- 
ington, Ga.,  in  1867 ;  delegate  in  the  state  con- 
stitutional convention  of  1877;  died  in  Washing- 
ton. Gav  December  15,  1885. 

Toucey,  Isaac,  a  Representative  and  a  Senator 
from  Connecticut;  born  in  Newtown,  Fairfield 
county,  Conn.,  November  5,  1796 ;  pursued  clas- 
sical studies;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the 
bar  in  1818,  and  began  practice  in  Hartford, 
Conn. ;  state  attorney  for  Hartford  county  1822- 
1825;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Twenty- 
fourth  and  Twenty-fifth  Congresses  (March  4, 
1835-March  3,  1839)  ;  unsuccessful  Democratic 
candidate  for  reelection ;  again  state's  attorney 
for  Hartford  county  1842-1844 ;  unsuccessful 
Democratic  candidate  for  governor  of  Connecti- 
cut in  1845;  defeated  again  in  1846  by  popular 
vote,  but  was  elected  by  the  legislature;  again 
defeated  for  governor  in  1847 ;  appointed  At- 
torney General  of  the  United  States  by  Presi- 
dent Polk  1848-1849;  served  in  the  state  senate 
in  1850 ;  member  of  the  state  house  of  represent- 
atives in  1852 ;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the 
United  States  Senate  for  the  term  commencing 
March  4,  1851,  and  served  from  May  12,  1852, 
to  March  3,  1857;  Secretary  of  the  Navy  of  the 
United  States  under  President  Buchanan  1857- 
1861 ;  resumed  the  practice  of  law ;  died  in 
Hartford,  Conn.,  July  30,  1869. 

Tou  Velle,  William  Ellsworth,  a  Represent- 
ative from  Ohio ;  born  in  Celina,  Ohio,  Novem- 
ber 23,  1861 ;  attended  the  public  schools  and  was 
graduated  from  the  Celina  high  school  in  1879 
and  from  the  Cincinnati  law  school  in  1889 ; 
appointed  postmaster  of  Celina,  Ohio,  in  1885, 
but  resigned  to  enter  law  school ;  was  admitted 
to  the  bar  and  practiced  in  Celina,  Ohio, 
elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Sixtieth  and 
Sixty-first  Congresses  (March  4,  1907-March  3, 
1911)  ;  resumed  the  practice  of  law  in  Celina, 
Ohio. 

Towne,  Charles  Arnette,  a  Representative 
and  a  Senator  from  Minnesota  and  a  Repre- 
sentative from  New  York;  born  in  Oakland 


BIOGRAPHIES. 


1061 


county,  Mich.,  November  21,  1858;  attended  the 
common  schools  and  was  graduated  from  the 
University  of  Michigan  in  1881;  was  admitted 
to  the  bar  in  1885  and  practiced  in  Michigan  ; 
moved  to  Duluth,  Minn.,  in  1890,  and  continued 
practice;  elected  as  a  Republican  from  Minne- 
sota to  the  Fifty-fourth  Congress  (March  4, 
1895-March  3,  1897)  ;  unsuccessful  candidate 
for  Congress  on  the  Democratic  ticket  in  1896 
and  1898 ;  declined  the  nomination  for  Vice  Presi- 
dent of  the  United  States  by  the  national  con- 
ventions of  the  Populist  and  Silver  Republican 
parties  in  1900;  appointed  as  a  Democrat  by 
Gov.  Lind  to  the  United  States  Senate,  Decem- 
ber 5,  1900,  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  the  death 
of  Cushman  K.  Davis,  and  served  from  Decem- 
ber 6,  1900,  until  January  28,  1901;  moved  to 
New  York  City,  in  June,  1901,  and  practiced  law ; 
elected  as  a  Democrat  from  New  York  to  the 
Fifty-ninth  Congress  (March  4,  1905-March 
3,  1907)  ;  resumed  the  practice  of  law  in  New 
York  City. 

Towns,  George  Washington  Bonaparte,  a 
Representative  from  Georgia;  born  in  Wilkes 
county,  Ga.,  May  4,  1801;  received  a  limited 
education;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the 
bar  in  1824.  and  began  practice  in  Montgomery, 
Ala. ;  returned  to  Talbotton,  Ga.,  in  1826  and 
practiced  law;  member  of  the  state  house  of 
representatives  1829-1830;  served  in  the  state 
senate  1832-1834 ;  elected  as  a  Union  Democrat 
to  the  Twenty-fourth  Congress  and  served  from 
March  4,  1835,  to  September  1,  1836.  when  he 
resigned ;  reelected  to  the  Twenty-fifth  Congress 
(March  4,  1837-March  3,  1839)  :  again  elected 
as  a  Democrat  to  the  Twenty-ninth  Congress, 
to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  the  resignation  of 
Washington  Poe,  and  served  from  January  27, 
1846,  to  March  3,  1847;  unsuccessful  candidate 
for  reelection ;  governor  of  Georgia  1847-1851 ; 
resumed  the  practice  of  law;  died  in  Macon, 
Ga.,  July  15,  1854. 

Townsend,  Amos,  a  Representative  from 
Ohio :  born  in  Fayette  county.  Pa.,  in  1831 : 
moved  at  an  early  age  to  Cleveland,  Ohio;  for 
10  years  a  member  of  the  city  council,  and 
served  7  of  those  years  as  president ;  member 
of  the  state  constitutional  convention  in  1873: 
elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Forty-fifth,  Forty 
sixth,  and  Forty-seventh  Congresses  (March  4, 
1877-March  3,  1883)  ;  died  in  St.  Augustine, 
Fla.,  March  17,  1895. 

Townsend,  Charles  Champlain,  a  Representa- 
tive from  Pennsylvania ;  born  in  Allegheny  City, 
Pa..  November  24,  1841 ;  attended  the  common 
schools;  manufacturer  of  wire  rivets  and  wire 
nails;  served  two  years  in  the  Union  army  dur- 
ing the  Civil  war  as  a  private  in  company  A, 
ninth  regiment  Pennsylvania  reserve  volunteer 
corps,  and  afterwards  as  adjutant  of  the  first 
Pennsylvania  cavalry;  elected  as  a  Republican 
to  the  Fifty-first  Congress  (March  4,  1889- 
March  3,  1891). 

Townsend,  Charles  E.,  a  Representative  from 
Michigan ;  born  near  Concord,  Jackson  county, 
Mich.,  August  15,  1856;  attended  the  common 
schools  in  Concord  and  Jackson,  and  the  literary 
department  of  Michigan  University ;  studied 
law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1895,  and  prac- 
ticed in  Jaekson,  Mich.;  elected  as  a  Republican 
to  the  Fifty-eighth,  Fifty-ninth,  Sixtieth,  and 
Sixty-first  Congresses  (March  4,  1903-March  3, 


1911).     Elected  to  the  United  States  Senate  for 
the  term  commencing  March  4,  1911. 

Townsend,  Dwight,  a  Representative  from 
New  York;  born  in  New  York  City,  September 
26,  1826;  pursued  an  academic  course;  mer- 
chant; elected  to  the  Thirty-eighth  Congress  to 
fill  vacancy  caused  by  the  resignation  of  Henry 
G.  Stebbins  and  served  from  December  5,  1864, 
to  March  3,  1865;  reelected  as  a  Democrat  to 
the  Forty-second  Congress  (March  4,  1871-March 

3,  1873)  ;  died  in  New  York  City,  October  29, 
1899. 

Townsend,  George,  a  Representative  from 
New  York;  born  in  Lattingtown,  township  of 
Oyster  Bay,  Queens  county,  N.  Y.,  in  1769; 
engaged  in  farming;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to 
the  Fourteenth  and  Fifteenth  Congresses  (March 

4,  1815-March  3,  1819)  ;  died  in   Lattingtown, 
township  of  Oyster  Bay,  Queens  county,  N.  Y., 
August  17,  1844. 

Townsend,  Hosea,  a  Representative  from 
Colorado;  born  in  Greenwich,  Huron  county, 
Ohio,  June  16,  1840;  attended  Western  Reserve 
college,  Ohio,  in  1860;  left  school  to  enter  the 
Union  army  and  enlisted  in  the  second  Ohio 
cavalry  in  1861 ;  promoted  to  lieutenant  and  re- 
signed in  1863  on  account  of  disability ;  was  ad- 
mitted to  the  bar  in  Cleveland,  Ohio,  and  com- 
menced practice  in  Memphis,  Tenn.,  in  1865; 
elected  to  the  state  legislature  in  1869  and  served 
one  term;  moved  to  Colorado  in  1879;  elected 
as  a  Republican  to  the  Fifty-first  and  Fifty- 
second  Congresses  (March  4,  1889-March  3, 
1893)  ;  United  States  judge  for  the  southern 
district  of  Indian  Territory. 

Townsend,  James,  a  Representative  from 
New  York;  a  native  of  Queens  county,  N.  Y. ; 
completed  preparatory  studies;  held  several  local 
offices;  elected  to  the  Second  Congress  and 
served  from  March  4,  1791,  until  his  death,  be- 
fore the  assembling  of  Congress,  in  Oyster  Bay, 
N.  Y.,  in  May,  1791. 

Townsend,  Martin  Ingham,  a  Representative 
from  New  York;  born  in  Hancock,  Mass.,  Feb- 
ruary 6,  1810;  moved  with  his  parents  to  Wil- 
liamstown,  Mass.,  in  1816;  attended  the  com- 
mon schools  and  was  graduated  from  Williams 
college  in  1833 ;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the 
bar  in  1836,  and  commenced  practice  in  Troy, 
N.  Y. ;  district  attorney  of  Rensselaer  county 
1842-1845;  delegate  to  the  state  constitutional 
convention  1867-1868;  elected  as  a  Republican 
to  the  Forty-fourth  and  Forty-fifth  Congresses 
(March  4,  1875-March  3,  1879)  ;  United  States 
district  attorney  for  the  northern  district  of  New 
York,  1879-1887;  member  of  the  state  constitu- 
tional convention  in  1890 ;  regent  of  the  univer- 
sity of  the  state  of  New  York  1873-1903 ;  retired 
from  practice  in  1901  and  died  in  Troy,  N.  Y., 
March  8,  1903. 

Townsend,  Washington,  a  Representative 
from  Pennsylvania ;  born  in  West  Chester,  Pa.. 
January  20,  1813;  completed  preparatory  stud- 
ies; studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in 
1844,  and  began  practice;  deputy  attorney  under 
Attorneys  General  Darragh  and  Cooper ;  delegate 
to  the  Whig  national  convention  in  Baltimore, 
Md.,  in  1852;  delegate  to  the  Republican  na- 
tional convention  in  Chicago  in  1860;  elected  as 
n  Republican  to  the  Forty-first,  and  to  the  three 
succeeding  Congresses  (March  4,  1869-March  3, 


1062 


CONGRESSIONAL   DIEECTOEY. 


1877)  ;    resumed    the   practice  of   law   in   West 
Chester,  Pa.,  and  died  there  March  18,  1894. 

Townshend,  Norton  Strange,  a  Representative 
from  Ohio ;  born  in  Clay-Coaiton,  Northampton- 
shire, England,  December  25,  1815;  came  to  the 
United  States  with  his  parents  in  1830  and  set- 
tled in  Avon,  Ohio ;  educated  himself  by  the  use 
of  his  father's  library;  taught  a  district  school; 
studied  medicine  and  was  graduated  from  the 
university  of  Physicians  and  Surgeons  in  New 
York  in  1840;  delegate  to  the  World's  Anti- 
slavery  convention  in  London,  England,  in  1840; 
studied  medicine  in  the  hospitals  of  London, 
Paris,  Edinburgh,  and  Dublin ;  returned  to  Ohio 
and  resumed  the  practice  of  medicine  in  Avon, 
Ohio,  in  1841 ;  moved  to  Elyria,  Ohio ;  elected  to 
the  state  legislature  in  1848 ;  delegate  to  the  state 
constitutional  convention  in  1850;  elected  as  a 
Democrat  to  the  Thirty-second  Congress  (March 
4,  1851-March  3,  1853)  ;  abandoned  the  medical 
profession  and  engaged  in  agricultural  pursuits 
near  Avon,  Ohio ;  member  of  the  state  board 
of  agriculture  1858-1863  and  1868-1869 ;  medical 
inspector  United  States  Army  with  the  rank  of 
lieutenant  colonel  1863-1865;  professor  of  agri- 
culture in  Iowa  Agricultural  college  in  1869 ; 
visited  the  agriculture  and  veterinary  schools 
and  botanic  gardens  of  Great  Britain  and  Ire- 
land ;  attended  the  national  fairs  of  Shrewsbury, 
Edinburgh,  and  Ireland;  resumed  the  chair  of 
agriculture  in  the  state  university  of  Ohio ;  died 
in  Columbus,  Ohio,  July  13,  1895;  interment  in 
Avon  Center,  Lorain  county.  Ohio. 

Townshend,  Richard  Wellington,  a  Represent- 
ative from  Illinois ;  born  in  Prince  George 
county,  Md.,  April  30,  1840 ;  went  to  Washington, 
D.  C. ;  attended  the  public  and  private  schools; 
page  in  the  national  House  of  Representatives ; 
moved  to  Fayette  county,  111.,  in  1858;  taught 
school  in  Fayette  county ;  studied  law,  was  ad- 
mitted to  the  bar,  and  commenced  practice  in 
McLeansboro,  111.,  in  1862;  clerk  of  the  circuit 
court  of  Hamilton  county  1863-1868;  prose- 
cuting attorney  for  the  twelfth  judicial  circuit. 
1868-1872;  moved  in  1873  to  Shawneetown,  111., 
and  practiced;  delegate  to  the  Democratic  na- 
tional convention  in  Baltimore  in  1872;  elected 
as  a  Democrat  to  the  Firty-flfth,  and  to  the  six 
succeeding  Congresses,  and  served  from  March  4, 
1877,  until  his  death  in  Washington,  D.  C., 
March  9,  1889. 

Tracewell,  Bobert  John,  a  Representative 
from  Indiana ;  born  in  Warren  county,  Va.,  May 
7,  1852 ;  moved  with  his  parents  to  Harrison 
county,  Ind.,  in  1854 ;  was  graduated  from  Han- 
over college,  Indiana,  in  1874 ;  studied  law,  was 
admitted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced  practice 
in  Corydon,  Ind. ;  elected  as  a  Republican  to 
the  Fifty-fourth  Congress  (March  4,  1895-March 
3,  1897)  ;  unsuccessful  candidate  for  reelection; 
appointed  Comptroller  of  the  Treasury  by  Presi- 
dent McKinley  in  1897. 

Tracey,  Charles,  a  Representative  from  New 
York;  born  in  Albany,  N.  Y.,  May  27,  1847; 
was  graduated  from  the  Albany  academy  in 
1866;  served  in  the  Papal  Zouaves  at  Rome, 
Italy,  portions  of  the  years  1867-1870 ;  ap- 
pointed aid-de-camp  to  Gov.  Tilden,  of  New 
York,  January  1,  1877;  appointed  manager  of 
the  House  of  Refuge  in  Hudson.  N.  Y..  by  Gov. 
Cleveland  and  reappointed  by  Gov.  Hill  in  1886; 
elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Fiftieth  Congress 


to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  the  death  of  Nicholas 
T.  Kane ;  reelected  to  •  the  Fifty-first,  Fifty- 
second,  and  Fifty-third  Congresses,  and  served 
from  December  5,  1887,  to  March  3,  1895. 

Tracey,  John  P.,  a  Representative  from  Mis- 
souri ;  born  in  Wayne  county,  Ohio,  September 
18,  1836;  attended  the  public  schools  of  Ohio 
and  Indiana  ;  studied  law  ;  taught  school ;  moved 
to  Missouri  in  1858;  enlisted  as  a  private  in 
the  Union  army  for  the  Civil  war,  March  1, 
1862 ;  mustered  out  with  the  rank  of  first  lieu- 
tenant March  10,  1865 ;  commissioned  lieutenant 
colonel  of  Enrolled  Militia  in  April,  1865;  was 
admitted  to  the  bar  in  May,  1865,  and  com- 
menced practice  in  Stockton,  Mo.,  whence  he 
moved  to  Springfield,  Mo.,  in  1874  and  engaged 
in  journalism ;  presidential  elector  on  the  Grant 
ticket  in  1868;  Republican  candidate  for  rail- 
road commissioner  in  1878 ;  commissioned  United 
States  marshal  for  the  western  district  of  Mis- 
souri February  4,  1890,  and  served  until  March 
4,  1894;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Fifty- 
fourth  Congress  (March  4,  1895-March  3,  1897)  ; 
after  leaving  Congress  became  engaged  in  news- 
paper work  in  Springfield,  Mo. 

Tracy,  Albert  Haller,  a  Representative  from 
New  York ;  born  in  Norwich,  Conn..  June  17, 
1793 ;  pursued  classical  studies ;  studied  medi- 
cine; moved  to  New  York  state  in  1811;  aban- 
doned medicine  and  studied  law;  was  admit- 
ted to  the  bar  and  in  1815  began  practice 
in  Buffalo,  N.  Y. ;  elected  as  a  Democrat 
to  the  Sixteenth,  Seventeenth,  and  Eight- 
eenth Congresses  (March  4,  1819-March  3, 
1825)  ;  declined  a  judgeship  tendered  by  Gov. 
De  Witt  Clinton  and  a  Cabinet  position  offered 
by  President  John  Q.  Adams;  member  of  the 
state  senate  1S30-1837 ;  unsuccessful  Whig  can- 
didate for  United  States  Senator  in  1839;  ten- 
dered a  seat  in  the  Cabinet  by  President  Tyler, 
but  dec-lined ;  died  in  Buffalo,  N.  Y.,  September 
12,  1859. 

Tracy,  Andrew,  a  Representative  from  Ver- 
mont ;  born  in  Hartford,  Conn.,  Dec-ember  15, 
1797 ;  attended  Royalston  and  Randolph  acade- 
mies, also  Dartmouth  college  for  two  years; 
taught  school ;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the 
bar  in  1826,  and  commenced  practice  in  Quechee, 
Vt. ;  moved  to  Woodstock,  Vt.,  in  1838  and  prac- 
ticed law ;  member  of  the  state  house  of  repre- 
sentatives 1833-1837;  served  in  the  state  senate 
in  1839 ;  unsuccessful  candidate  for  Congress  in 
1840 ;  again  a  member  of  the  state  house  of  rep- 
resentatives in  1843-1845,  and  served  as  speaker; 
elected  as  a  Whig  to  the  Thirty-third  Congress 
(March  4,  1853-March  3,  1855)  ;  declined  a  re- 
nomination  ;  resumed  the  practice  of  law ;  died 
in  Woodstock,  Vt.,  October  28,  1868. 

Tracy,  Henry  W.,  a  Representative  from 
Pennsylvania;  born  in  Ulster  township,  Brad- 
ford county,  Pa.,  September  24,  1807 ;  completed 
preparatory  studies;  studied  law  with  Aaron 
Burr;  engaged  in  business  in  Standing  Stone, 
Pa..  Havre  de  Grace.  Md.,  and  Towanda,  Pa. ;  at- 
tended Angelica  seminary  in  Allegany  country, 
N.  Y. ;  delegate  to  the  Republican  national  con- 
vention in  i860;  member  of  the  state  house  of 
representatives  in  1861-1862;  elected  as  an  inde- 
pendent Republican  to  the  Thirty-eighth  Con- 
gress (March  4.  1863-March  3.  1865)  ;  collector 
of  the  port  of  Philadelphia  in  1866;  died  April 
11,  1886. 


BIOGKAPHIES. 


1063 


Tracy,  Phineas  Lyman,  a  Representative 
from  New  York ;  born  in  Norwich.  Conn.,  De- 
cember 25,  1786;  was  graduated  from  Yale  col- 
lege in  1806;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the 
bar,  and  began  practice  in  Batavia,  N.  Y.,  in 
1813;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Twentieth, 
Twenty-first,  and  Twenty-second  Congresses 
(March  4,  1827-March  3.  1833)  ;  declined  a  re- 
nomination  ;  Democratic  presidential  elector  in 
1840;  appointed  presiding  judge  of  Genesee 
county,  N.  Y.,  in  1841,  and  continued  in  that 
office  until  1846,  when  he  retired  from  profes- 
sional life;  died  in  Batavia,  N.  Y.,  December  23, 
1876. 

Tracy,  Uri,  a  Representative  from  New  York ; 
a  native  of  Franklin,  Conn.;  was  graduated 
from  Yale  college  in  1789;  moved  to  Oxford. 
N.  Y. ;  held  several  local  offices;  elected  as  a 
Democrat  to  the  Ninth  Congress  (March  4,  1805- 
March  3,  1807)  ;  reelected  to  the  Eleventh  and 
Twelfth  Congresses  (March  4,  1809-March  3, 
1813). 

Tracy,  Uriah,  a  Representative  and  a  Senator 
from  Connecticut;  born  in  Franklin,  Conn., 
February  2,  1755 ;  was  graduated  from  Yale 
college  in  1778;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to 
the  bar,  and  began  practice  in  Litchfield,  Conn. ; 
member  of  the  state  house  of  representatives  and 
served  as  speaker  in  1793 ;  elected  as  a  Federalist 
to  the  Third  and  Fourth  Congresses  and  served 
from  March  4,  1793,  to  December  6,  1796,  when 
he  resigned ;  elected  to  the  United  States  Senate, 
to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  the  resignation  of 
Jonathan  Trumbull  and  served  until  his  death; 
was  President  pro  tempore  of  the  Senate  May 
14, 1800 ;  died  in  Washington,  D.  C.,  July  19, 1807. 

Trafton,  Mark,  a  Representative  from  Massa- 
chusetts; born  in  Bangor,  Me.,  August  1,  1810; 
completed  preparatory  studies ;  studied  theology 
and  was  ordained  pastor  of  a  church  in  West- 
field,  Mass. ;  elected  as  an  American  to  the 
Thirty-fourth  Congress  (March  4,  1855-March  3. 
1857)  ;  unsuccessful  as  the  American  candidate 
for  the  Thirty-fifth  Congress ;  resumed  his  minis- 
terial duties  and  was  pastor  of  a  church  in 
Mount  Wallaston,  Mass. ;  died  in  West  Somer- 
ville,  Mass.,  March  8,  1901. 

Train,  Charles  Russell,  a  Representative  from 
Massachusetts;  born  in  Framingham,  Mass., 
October  18,  1817;  attended  Framingham  acad- 
emy, and  was  graduated  from  Brown  university 
in  1837 ;  studied  law  at  Harvard  university, 
was  admitted  to  the  bar.  and  began  practice  in 
Framingham,  Mass.,  in  1841  ;  member  of  the 
state  house  of  representatives  1847-1848;  dis- 
trict attorney  1848-1854;  declined  the  appoint- 
ment of  associate  justice  of  the  supreme  court 
of  the  United  States  in  1852;  delegate  to  the 
state  constitutional  convention  in  1853 ;  delegate 
to  the  national  convention  in  Philadelphia  in 
1856 ;  member  of  the  governor's  council  1857- 
1858;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Thirty- 
sixth  and  Thirty-seventh  Congresses  (March  4, 
1859-March  3,  1863)  ;  served  in  the  Union  army 
as  a  volunteer  aid-de-camp  to  General  McClel- 
lan;  delegate  to  the  Republican  national  con- 
vention in  Baltimore  in  1864:  moved  to  Boston. 
Mass. ;  again  served  in  the  state  house  of  repre- 
sentatives 1868-1871;  attorney  general  of  Massa- 
chusetts 1871-1878;  retired  to  private  life  and 
resumed  the  practice  of  law;  died  in  Conway, 
N.  H.,  July  29,  1885. 


Trapier,  Paul,  a  Delegate  from  South  Caro- 
lina;  served  in  the  Continental  Congress  1777- 

1778. 

Treadwell,  John,  a  Delegate  from  Connecti- 
cut; born  in  Farmington,  Conn.,  November  23, 
1745;  was  graduated  from  Yale  college  in  1767; 
studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  began 
practice  in  Farmington,  Conn.;  member  of  the 
state  house  of  representatives  1776-1785;  mem- 
ber of  the  governor's  council  in  1785;  member  of 
the  Continental  Congress  1785-1786;  member  of 
the  state  council  1786-1797 ;  lieutenant  governor 
of  Connecticut  in  1798-1800;  judge  of  probate 
and  the  supreme  court  of  errors  1789-1809; 
judge  of  the  court  of  common  pleas;  delegate 
to  the  state  constitutional  convention  in  1788 ; 
governor  of  Connecticut  1809-1811;  died  in 
Farmington,  Conn.,  August  19,  1823. 

Tredway,  William  Marshall,  a  Representa- 
tive from  Virginia ;  born  in  Prince  Edward 
county,  Va.,  in  August,  1807;  completed  pre- 
paratory studies;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to 
the  bar,  and  practiced;  held  several  local  offices; 
elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Twenty-ninth  Con- 
gress (March  4,  1845-March  3,  1847)  ;  unsuc- 
cessful candidate  for  reelection ;  judge  of  the 
circuit  court  of  Virginia  ;  member  of  the  seces- 
sion convention  of  Virginia  in  1861 ;  resumed  the 
practice  of  law  in  Chatham,  Va.,  and  died  there, 
May  1,  1896. 

Tredwell,  Thomas,  a  Representative  from 
New  York ;  born  in  Smithtown,  Long  Island, 
N.  Y.,  in  1742;  was  graduated  from  Princeton 
college  in  1764;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to 
the  bar,  and  began  practice  in  Plattsburg,  N.  Y. ; 
delegate  to  the  provisional  congress  of  New 
York  1774-1775 ;  delegate  to  the  state  constitu- 
tional convention  1776-1777;  member  of  the 
state  assembly  1777-1783;  judge  of  the  court  of 
probate  1778-1787 ;  member  of  the  state  senate 
1786-1789;  delegate  to  the  convention  that  rati- 
fied the  Constitution  of  the  United  States  in 
1788;  delegate  to  the  state  constitutional  conven- 
tion in  1788 ;  surrogate  of  Suffolk  county  in 
1787-1791 ;  elected  to  the  Second  and  Third  Con- 
gresses (March  4,  1791-March  3.  1795)  ;  delegate 
to  the  state  constitutional  convention  in  1801 ; 
again  served  in  the  state  senate  1803-1807 ;  sur- 
rogate of  Clinton  county  1807-1831;  died  in 
Plattsburg,  N.  Y.,  January  30,  1832. 

Treloar,  William  M.,  a  Representative  from 
Missouri ;  born  near  Linden,  Iowa  county,  Wis., 
September  21,  1850;  attended  the  common 
schools ;  moved  to  Iowa  in  1864 ;  attended  the 
high  school  and  the  Iowa  Wesleyan  university 
in  Mount  Pleasant,  Iowa ;  moved  to  Missouri  and 
taught  English  and  music  in  Mount  Pleasant 
college,  Huntsville,  in  1872;  located  in  Mexico, 
Audrain  county,  in  1875,  where  he  taught  in  the 
Synodical  female  college  in  Fulton,  Hardin  col- 
lege, and  the  public  schools  of  Mexico ;  elected 
as  a  Republican  to  the  Fifty-fourth  Congress 
(March  4.  1895-March  3,  1897)  ;  appointed  post- 
master of  Mexico,  Mo.,  April,  1898;  engaged  in 
music  publication  in  Kansas  City,  Mo. 

Tremain,  Lyman,  a  Representative  from  New 
York;  born  in  Oak  Hill.  Greene  county,  N.  Y., 
June  14,  1819;  completed  preparatory  studies; 
studied  law.  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  in 
1S40  began  practice  in  Durham,  N.  Y. ;  elected 
supervisor  of  Durham  in  1842;  appointed  dis- 


1064 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 


trict  attorney  in  1844;  elected  surrogate  and 
county  judge  of  Greene  county  in  1840;  moved 
to  Albany,  N.  Y.,  in  1853  and  practiced  law; 
elected  attorney  general  of  New  York  in  1857 ; 
defeated  for  lieutenant  governor  in  1862 ;  mem- 
ber of  the  state  assembly  1866-1868,  and  served 
as  speaker;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the 
Forty-third  Congress  (March  4,  1873-March  3, 
1875)  ;  died  in  New  York  city,  November  30, 
1878. 

Trezvant,  James,  a  Representative  from  Vir- 
ginia ;  a  native  of  Sussex  county,  Va. ;  completed 
preparatory  studies;  studied  law,  was  admitted 
to  the  bar,  and  began  practice  in  Jerusalem, 
Va. ;  attorney  general  of  Virginia ;  delegate  to 
the  state  constitutional  convention  in  1820; 
served  in  the  state  house  of  representatives; 
elected  to  the  Nineteenth,  Twentieth,  and 
Twenty-first  Congresses  (March  4,  1825-March 
3,  1831)  ;  died  in  Southampton  county,  Va.,  Sep- 
tember 2,  1841. 

Trig-g1,  Abram,  a  Representative  from  Vir- 
ginia;  born  in  Bedford  county,  Va. ;  completed 
academic  studies;  held  local  offices;  delegate 
in  the  Virginia  convention  of  1788  that  ratified 
the  Federal  constitution ;  served  as  an  officer 
under  General  Washington  in  the  Revolutionary 
war;  elected  to  the  Fifth,  and  to  the  five  suc- 
ceeding Congresses  (March  4,  1797-March  3, 
1801)  ;  died  in  Washington,  D.  C.,  May  17,  1804. 

Trigg-,  Connally  F.,  a  Representative  from 
Virginia ;  born  in  Abingdon,  Va.,  September  18, 
1847 ;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and 
practiced  in  Abingdon,  Va. ;  elected  common- 
wealth attorney  for  Washington  county  in  1872, 
which  position  he  held  until  he  resigned  in 
1884;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Forty-ninth 
Congress  (March  4,  1885-March  3.  1887)  ;  died 
in  Abingdon,  Va.,  April  23,  1907. 

Trigg,  John,  a  Representative  from  Virginia ; 
born  in  Bedford  county,  Va.,  in  1748;  received 
a  liberal  schooling ;  served  as  a  captain  in  the 
Virginia  militia  during  the  Revolutionary  war; 
member  Virginia  house  of  delegates  1784-1792; 
member  of  the  convention  to  ratify  the  Federal 
constitution  in  1788 ;  elected  to  the  Fifth,  and 
to  the  three  succeeding  Congresses,  and  served 
from  March  4,  1797,  until  his  death  in  Bedford 
county,  Va.,  June  28,  1804. 

Trimble,  Carey  Allen,  a  Representative  from 
Ohio ;  born  in  Hillsboro,  Ohio,  September  13, 
1813 ;  was  graduated  from  the  Ohio  university  in 
1833 ;  studied  medicine  and  was  graduated  from 
the  Cincinnati  medical  college  in  1836 ;  tutor  for 
four  years;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the 
Thirty-sixth  and  Thirty-seventh  Congresses 
(March  4,  1859-March  3,  1863)  ;  unsuccessful 
candidate  for  reelection ;  died  in  Columbus,  Ohio, 
May  4,  1887. 

Trimble,  David,  a  Representative  from  Ken- 
tucky ;  born  in  Frederick  county,  Va.,  in  June, 
1782 ;  was  graduated  from  William  and  Mary 
college;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar, 
and  began  practice  in  Mount  Sterling,  Ky. ; 
served  in  the  war  of  1812;  elected  as  a  Demo- 
crat to  the  Fifteenth,  and  to  the  four  succeeding 
Congresses  (March  4,  1817-March  3,  1827)  ; 
died  in  Trimbles  Furnace,  Ky.,  October  26,  1842. 

Trimble,  John,  a  Representative  from  Ten- 
nessee; born  in  Roane  county,  Tenn.,  February 
7,  1812 ;  pursued  classical  studies ;  studied  law, 


was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  began  practice  in 
Nashville,  Tenn. ;  attorney  general  of  Tennessee 
1836-1842;  member  of  the  state  house  of  repre- 
sentatives 1843-1844  and  served  in  the  state 
senate  1845-1846,  and  1859-1861,  when  he  re- 
signed; again  elected  1865-1867,  when  he  re- 
signed; United  States  attorney  from  1862  to 
1864,  when  he  resigned;  elected  as  a  National 
Republican  to  the  Fortieth  Congress  (March  4, 
1867-March  3,  1869)  ;  died  in  Nashville,  Tenn., 
February  23,  1884. 

Trimble,  Lawrence  S.,  a  Representative  from 
Kentucky  ;  born  in  Fleming,  Ky.,  August  26, 1825 ; 
completed  preparatory  studies ;  studied  law,  was 
admitted  to  the  bar,  and  began  practice  in 
Paducah,  Ky. ;  member  of  the  state  house  of  rep- 
resentatives 1851-1852;  judge  of  the  equity  and 
criminal  court  of  the  first  judicial  circuit  of 
Kentucky  1856-1860;  president  of  the  New  Or- 
leans and  Ohio  Railroad  Company  1860-1865; 
elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Thirty-ninth, 
Fortieth,  and  Forty-first  Congresses  (March  4, 
1865-March  3,  1871)  ;  died  in  Albuquerque, 
N.  Mex.,  August  9,  1904. 

Trimble,  South,  a  Representative  from  Ken- 
tucky ;  born  in  Wolfe  county,  Ky.,  April  13, 1864  : 
attended  the  public  schools  of  Frankfort  and 
Excelsior  institute ;  farmer  by  occupation ; 
elected  to  the  Kentucky  house  of  representa- 
tives in  1898  and  again  in  1900,  and  served 
as  speaker  the  last  year;  was  in  that  capacity 
during  the  memorable  Goebel  contest;  elected  as 
a  Democrat  to  the  Fifty-seventh,  Fifty-eighth, 
and  Fifty -ninth  Congresses  (March  4,  1901- 
March  3,  1907)  ;  Democratic  nominee  for  lieuten- 
ant governor  of  Kentucky,  1907 ;  elected  clerk  of 
the  national  House  of  Representatives  in  the 
Sixty-second  Congress. 

Trimble,  William  Allen,  a  Senator  from 
Ohio,  born  in  Woodford,  Ky.,  April  4,  1786 : 
was  graduated  from  the  Transylvania  college; 
studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1811 ,. 
and  began  practice  in  Highland,  Ohio;  adjutant 
in  the  campaign  against  the  Potawatomi  In- 
dians in  1812 ;  major  of  Ohio  volunteers,  May 
7,  1812;  taken  prisoner  at  the  capture  of  De- 
troit; major  of  the  twenty-sixth  United  States 
infantry,  March  18,  1813 ;  brevetted  lieutenant 
colonel  September  17,  1814,  for  gallantry  at 
Fort  Erie,  where  he  was  severely  wounded : 
lieutenant  colonel  of  the  first  infantry,  Novem- 
ber 30,  1814 ;  transferred  to  the  eighth  infantry 
May  17,  1815 ;  resigned  March  1,  1819 ;  elected 
to  the  United  States  Senate  and  served  from 
March  4,  1819,  until  his  death  in  Washington, 
D.  C.,  December  13,  1821. 

Triplett.  Philip,  a  Representative  from  Ken- 
tucky ;  a  native  of  Virginia ;  moved  to  Kentucky 
and  located  in  Owensboro ;  elected  as  a  Whig 
to  the  Twenty-sixth  and  Twenty-seventh  Con- 
gresses (March  4,  1839-March  3,  1843). 

Trippe,  Robert  Pleasant,  a  Representative 
from  Georgia;  born  in  Jasper  county,  Ga.,  De- 
cember 21,  1819 ;  moved  with  his  father  to  Mon- 
roe county,  and  settled  near  Culloden ;  attended 
Randolph-Macon  college  in  Virginia,  and  was 
graduated  from  the  university  of  Georgia  in 
1839;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and 
commenced  practice  in  Forsyth,  Ga. ;  member  of 
the  state  assembly  in  1 849-1853;  elected  as  a 
Democrat  to  the  Thirty-fourth  and  Thirty-fifth 


BIOGRAPHIES. 


1065 


Congresses  (March  -4,  1855-March  3,  1859); 
member  of  the  state  senate  1859 ;  member  of  the 
Confederate  Congress;  enlisted  as  a  private  sol- 
dier in  the  Confederate  army  during  the  Civil 
war ;  resumed  the  practice  of  law  in  Forsyth, 
Ga. ;  associate  justice  of  the  state  supreme  court 
from  1872  until  1875,  when  he  resigned ;  re- 
sumed the  practice  of  law  in  Atlanta,  Ga.,  and 
died  there,  July  22,  1900. 

Trotter,  James  Fisher,  a  Senator  from  Missis- 
sippi ;  born  in  Brunswick  county,  Va.,  November 
5,  1802 ;  moved  with  his  father's  family  to  east- 
ern Tennessee;  attended  the  common  schools; 
studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1820, 
and  commenced  practice  in  Hamilton,  Monroe 
county,  Miss.,  in  1823 ;  member  of  the  state  sen- 
ate several  terms;  elected  judge  of  the  circuit 
court  of  Mississippi  in  1832;  elected  as  a  Demo- 
crat to  the  United  States  Senate  to  fill  vacancy 
caused  by  the  resignation  of  John  Black,  and 
served  from  January  22,  1838,  to  July  10,  1838, 
when  he  resigned ;  judge  of  the  supreme  court  of 
Mississippi  from  1839  until  his  resignation  in 
1842 ;  moved  to  Holly  Springs,  Marshall  county, 
Miss. ;  resumed  the  practice  of  law  in  1840 ;  vice 
chancellor  of  the  northern  district  of  Mississippi 
1855-1857 ;  professor  of  law  at  the  university  of 
Mississippi  1860-1862;  appointed  circuit  judge 
in  1866,  and  served  until  his  death  in  Holly 
Springs,  Miss.,  March  9,  1866. 

Trotti,  Samuel  Wilds,  a  Representative  from 
South  Carolina ;  born  in  Barnwell,  S.  C.,  July 
18,  1810;  attended  the  common  schools;  was 
graduated  from  the  South  Carolina  university, 
1832 ;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and 
practiced ;  served  in  the  Seminole  war ;  member 
of  the  state  legislature;  elected  to  the  Twenty- 
seventh  Congress,  to  fill  a  vacancy  caused  by  the 
resignation  of  Samson  H.  Butler,  and  served 
from  December  17,  1842,  to  March  3,  1843;  died 
in  Fairfield  district,  S.  C.,  June  24, 1856. 

Troup,  George  Mclntosh,  a  Representative 
and  a  Senator  from  Georgia ;  born  in  Mclntosh 
Bluff,  Ala.,  September  8,  1780;  was  graduated 
from  Princeton  college  in  1797 ;  studied  law,  was 
admitted  to  the  bar,  and,  in  1799,  began  practice 
in  Savannah,  Ga. ;  member  of  the  state  house  of 
representatives  1803-1805 ;  elected  to  the  Tenth, 
Eleventh,  Twelfth,  and  Thirteenth  Congresses 
(March  4,  1807-March  3,  1815)  ;  elected  as  a 
State  Rights  Democrat  to  the  United  States 
Senate  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  the  resignation 
of  William  W.  Bibb ;  reelected  and  served  from 
November  13,  1816,  until  September  23,  1818, 
when  he  resigned;  governor  of  Georgia  1823- 
1827 ;  again  elected  to  the  United  States  Senate 
and  served  from  March  4,  1829,  to  March  2,  1833, 
when  he  resigned;  died  in  Dublin,  Laurens 
county,  Ga.,  May  3,  1856. 

Trout,  Michael  Carver,  a  Representative  from 
Pennsylvania ;  born  in  Hickory  township,  Mer- 
cer county,  Pa.,  September  30,  1810;  elected  re- 
corder of  Mercer  county,  Pa.,  in  1843  and  served 
one  term ;  elected  prothonotary  for  six  years ; 
elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Thirty-third  Con- 
gress (March  4,  1853-March  3,  1855)  ;  unsuccess- 
ful candidate  for  reelection  to  the  Thirty-fourth 
Congress;  died  in  Hickory  township,  Mercer 
county,  Pa.,  June  25,  1873. 

Trowbridge,  Rowland  Ebenezer,  a  Repre- 
sentative from  Michigan ;  born  in  Elmira,  N.  Y., 
June  18,  1821 ;  moved  to  Michigan ;  was  gradu- 


ated from  Kenyon  college,  Ohio ;  engaged  in 
agricultural  pursuits;  member  of  the  state  sen- 
ate 1856-1860;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the 
Thirty-seventh  Congress  (March  4,  1861-March 
3,  1863)  ;  reelected  to  the  Thirty-ninth  and  For- 
tieth Congresses  (March  4,  1865-March  3,  1869)  ; 
commissioner  of  Indian  affairs  1880-1881;  died 
in  Birmingham,  Mich.,  April  20,  1881. 

Trumbo,  Andrew,  a  Representative  from  Ken- 
tucky; born  in  Bath  county,  Ky.,  September  13, 
1799;  attended  the  public  schools;  studied  law, 
was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  began  practice  in 
1824  in  Owingsville,  Ky. ;  elected  as  a  Whig  to 
the  Twenty-ninth  Congress  (March  4,  1845- 
March  3,  1847)  ;  presidential  elector  in  1848  on 
the  Taylor  and  Fillmore  ticket. 

Trumbull,  Jonathan,  a  Representative  and  a 
Senator  from  Connecticut ;  born  in  Lebanon, 
Conn.,  March  26,  1740;  was  graduated  from 
Harvard  college  in  1759 ;  member  of  the  colonial 
legislature  of  Connecticut,  and  served  as  speaker 
of  the  house ;  appointed  by  the  Continental  Con- 
gress paymaster  of  the  Northern  Military  De- 
partment in  1775 ;  first  comptroller  of  the  United 
States  Treasury,  1778 ;  secretary  and  first  aid- 
de-camp  to  General  Washington ;  elected  as  a 
Federalist  to  the  First,  Second,  and  Third  Con- 
gresses (March  4.  1789-March  3,  1795).  and 
served  as  speaker  in  the  Second  Congress; 
elected  to  the  United  States  Senate,  and  served 
from  March  4,  1795,  to  June  10,  1796,  when  he 
resigned ;  lieutenant  governor  of  Connecticut 
1789-1795;  became  governor  in  May,  1798,  on 
account  of  the  death  of  Governor  Wolcott ; 
was  elected  eleven  consecutive  terms,  and  served 
until  his  death  in  Lebanon,  Conn.,  August  7, 
1809. 

Trumbull,  Joseph,  a  Delegate  from  Con- 
necticut; born  in  Lebanon,  Conn.,  March  11, 
1737;  was  graduated  from  Harvard  college  in 
1756 ;  served  in  the  Continental  Congress  1774- 
1775;  served  in  the  Revolutionary  army  as  com- 
missary general  1775-1777 ;  commissioner  of  the 
board  of  war  1777-1778 ;  died  in  Lebanon,  Conn., 
July  23,  1778. 

Trumbull,  Joseph,  a  Representative  from 
Connecticut;  born  in  Lebanon,  Conn.,  December 
7,  1782;  was  graduated  from  Yale  college  in 
1801;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in 
1803,  and,  in  1804,  began  practice  in  Hartford, 
Conn. ;  made  president  of  the  Hartford  bank  in 
1828;  member  of  the  state  house  of  representa- 
tives in  1832 ;  elected  as  a  Whig  to  the  Twenty- 
third  Congress,  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  the  res- 
ignation of  William  W.  Ellsworth,  and  served 
from  December  1,  1834,  until  March  3,  1835 ;  re- 
elected  to  the  Twenty-sixth  and  Twenty-seventh 
Congresses  (March  4.  1839-March  3,  1843); 
again  a  member  of  the  state  house  of  representa- 
tives in  1848;  governor  of  Connecticut  1849- 
1850;  again  elected  to  the  state  house  of  rep- 
resentatives in  1851;  died  in  Hartford,  Conn., 
August  4,  1861. 

Trumbull,  Lyman,  a  Senator  from  Illinois; 
born  in  Colchester.  Conn.,  October  12,  1813;  at- 
tended Bacon  academy;  taught  school  in  Con- 
necticut 1829-1833 ;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to 
the  bar,  and  began  practice  in  Greenville.  Ga.; 
moved  to  Belleville,  111.;  member  of  the  legis- 
lature of  Illinois  in  1840;  secretary  of  state  of 
Illinois  1841-1842 ;  justice  of  the  supreme  court 


1066 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 


of  Illinois  1848-1853:  elected  to  the  Thirty- 
fourth  Congress,  but  before  the  beginning  of  the 
Congress  was  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the 
United  States  Senate:  twice  reelected,  and 
served  from  March  4.  1855,  to  March  3,  1873; 
resumed  the  practice  of  law  in  Chicago,  111. ; 
unsuccessful  Democratic  candidate  for  governor 
of  Illinois  in  1880;  died  in  Chicago,  111..  June 
25,  1896. 

Tuck,  Amos,  a  Representative  from  New 
Hampshire;  born  at  Parsonsfield.  Me.,  August 
2,  1810;  was  graduated  from  Dartmouth  col- 
lege in  1835;  studied  law.  was  admitted  to  the 
bar,  and  began  practice  in  Exeter,  N.  H. ;  elected 
as  an  Independent  to  the  Thirtieth,  Thirty-first, 
and  Thirty-second  Congresses  (March  4.  1847- 
March  3,  1853)  ;  delegate  to  the  Republican 
national  convention  in  1856  and  1860;  delegate 
to  the  peace  congress  in  1861 ;  defeated  for  the 
Thirty-third  Congress ;  appointed  naval  officer 
of  the  port  of  Boston  by  President  Lincoln; 
trustee  of  Dartmouth  college  many  years;  died 
in  Exeter,  N.  H.,  December  11,  1879. 

Tucker,  Ebenezer,  a  Representative  from 
New  Jersey ;  born  in  Burlington.  N.  J.,  Novem- 
ber 15.  1757;  attended  the  common  schools; 
served  in  the  Revolutionary  army ;  studied 
law,  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar ;  held  several 
local  offices ;  moved  to  Tuckerton,  N.  J. ;  elected 
to  the  Nineteenth  and  Twentieth  Congresses 
(March  4,  1825-March  3.  1829)  ;  judge  of  the 
court  of  common  pleas ;  appointed  first  collector 
of  revenue,  port  of  Tuckerton ;  also  the  first 
postmaster  by  Gen.  Washington;  died  in  Tuck- 
erton, N.  J.,  September  5.  1845. 

Tucker,  George,  a  Representative  from  Vir- 
ginia ;  born  in  the  town  of  St.  Georges,  Ber- 
muda, August  20,  1775;  came  to  Virginia  about 
1787;  was  graduated  from  William  and  Mary 
college  in  1797 ;  -studied  law,  was  admitted  to 
the  bar.  and  began  practice  in  Lynchburg, 
Va. ;  member  of  the  state  house  of  repre- 
sentatives in  1815;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the 
Sixteenth,  Seventeenth,  and  Eighteenth  Con- 
gresses (March  4,  1819-March  3,  1825)  ;  pro- 
fessor in  the  university  of  Virginia  1825-1845; 
died  in  Sherwood,  Albemarle  county.  Va.,  April 
10,  1861. 

Tucker,  Henry  St.  George,  a  Representative 
from  Virginia;  born  in  Williamsburg,  Va..  De- 
cember 29,  1780;  pursued  classical  studies;  at- 
tended William  and  Mary  college;  studied  law, 
was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  began  practice  in 
Winchester,  Va. ;  served  in  the  war  of  1812 ; 
elected  to  the  Fourteenth  and  Fifteenth  Con- 
gresses (March  4,  1815-March  3,  1819)  ;  chan- 
cellor of  the  fourth  judicial  district  1824-1831 ; 
president  of  the  Virginia  court  of  appeals  1831- 
1841 ;  professor  of  law  at  the  university  of 
Virginia  3841-1845;  declined  the  portfolio  of 
Attorney  General  of  the  United  States,  tendered 
by  President  Jackson ;  died  in  Winchester,  Va., 
August  28,  1848. 

Tucker,  Henry  St.  George,  a  Representative 
from  Virginia ;  born  in  Winchester,  Va..  April 
5,  1853;  was  graduated  from  the  Washington 
and  Lee  university,  Lexington,  Va.,  in  1875 : 
was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1876.  and  commenced 
practice  in  Staunton,  Va. ;  elected  as  a  Demo- 
crat to  the  Fifty-first.  Fifty-second.  Fifty-third, 
and  Fifty-fourth  Congresses  (March  4.  1889- 
March  3,  1897)  ;  elected  professor  of  constitu- 


tional law  in  Washington  and  Lee  university,  in 
Lexington,  Va. ;  was  president  of  the  Tercenten- 
nial Exposition  in  Jamestown,  Va.,  1904-1905. 

Tucker,  John  Randolph,  a  Representative 
from  Virginia ;  born  in  Winchester,  ATa.,  De- 
cember 24,  1823;  attended  a  private  school 
and  Richmond  academy  and  was  graduated 
from  the  university  of  Virginia  in  1844 ; 
was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1845  and  began 
practice  in  Winchester,  Va. ;  presidential  elector 
on  the  Democratic  ticket  in  1852  and  1856;  at- 
torney general  of  Virginia  1857-1865;  professor 
of  equity  and  public  law  at  Washington  and  Lee 
university.  Lexington.  Va. :  resumed  the  prac- 
tice of  law ;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Forty- 
fourth,  and  to  the  five  succeeding  Congresses 
(March  4.  1875-March  3,  1887)  ;  elected  pro- 
fessor of  constitutional  law  in  Washington  and 
Lee  university,  in  Lexington,  Va. ;  died  in  Lex- 
ington, Va..  February  13,  1897. 

Tucker,  Starling,  a  Representative  from 
South  Carolina ;  a  native  of  Halifax  county, 
N.  C. ;  moved  to  Mountain  Shoals.  S.  C. ;  re- 
ceived a  limited  education:  held 'several  local 
offices ;  elected  to  the  Fifteenth,  and  to  the  six 
succeeding  Congresses  (March  4,  1817-March  3. 
1831);  died  in  Mountain  Shoals,  S.  C..  Febru- 
ary 4,  1834. 

Tucker,  Thomas  Tudor,  a  Delegate  and  a 
Representative  from  South  Carolina;  born  in 
Port  Royal.  Bermuda,  June  25,  1745 ;  attended 
the  common  schools;  studied  medicine  at  the 
University  of  Edinburgh ;  moved  to  South  Caro- 
lina and  practiced ;  served  as  a  surgeon  in  the 
Revolutionary  war ;  Delegate  to  the  Continental 
Congress  1787-1788;  elected  as  a  Federalist  to 
the  First  and  Second  Congresses  (March  4, 
1789-March  3,  1793)  ;  United  States  Treasurer 
from  December  1.  1801.  until  his  death  in  Wash- 
ington, D.  C.,  May  2,  1828. 

Tucker,  Tilghman  M.,  a  Representative  from 
Mississippi ;  a  native  of  North  Carolina ;  com- 
pleted preparatory  studies;  moved  to  Hamilton. 
Miss. ;  'studied  law.  was  admitted  to  the  bar. 
and  began  practice  in  Columbus.  Miss. ;  member 
of  the  state  house  of  repi'esentatives ;  governor 
of  Mississippi  1841-1843 :  elected  as  a  Demo- 
crat to  the  Twenty-eighth  Congress  (March  4, 
1843-March  3,  1845)  :  died  in  Alabama  April  30. 
1859. 

Tufts,  John  Q.,  a  Representative  from  Iowa; 
born  near  Aurora,  Ind..  July  12.  1840:  moved 
with  his  parents  to  Iowa  in  1852;  pursued  classi- 
cal studies;  farmer;  member  of  the  Iowa  legis- 
lature 1869,  1871,  and  1873;  elected  as  a  Repub- 
lican to  the  Forty-fourth  Congress  (March  4. 
1875-March  3,  1877). 

Tully,  Pleasant  Britton,  a  Representative 
from  California ;  born  in  Henderson  county. 
Tenn.,  .March  21,  1829;  attended  the  public  and 
private  schools;  moved  with  his  father  to  Phil- 
lips county.  Ark.:  went  to  California  in  1853 
and  engaged  in  mining;  resided  in  Gilroy. 
Cal.,  after  1857 :  studied  law  and  was  admitted 
to  the  bar;  elected  a  delegate  at  large  to  the 
state  constitutional  convention  in  1879 ;  elected 
as  a  Democrat  to  the  Forty-eighth  Congress 
(March  4,  1883-March  3.  1885)  :  resumed  the 
practice  of  law;  died  in  Gilroy,  Cal..  March 
24,  1897. 


BIOGRAPHIES. 


1067 


Turley,  Thomas  Battle,  a  Senator  from  Ten- 
nessee ;  born  in  Memphis,  Tenn.,  April  5,  1845 ; 
served  through  the  civil  war  as  a  private  in  the 
Confederate  army;  graduated  from  the  law  de- 
partment of  the  University  of  Virginia  in  1867, 
was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  began  practice  in 
Memphis,  Tenn. ;  appointed  as  a  Democrat  and 
subsequently  elected  to  the  United  States  Senate 
to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  the  death  of  Isham  G. 
Harris  and  served  from  July  20.  1897,  to  March 
3,  1901 :  declined  a  renomination  and  resumed 
practice  in  Memphis,  Tenn.;  died  in  Memphis, 
Tenn.,  July  1,  1910. 

Turnbull,  Robert,  a  Representative  from  Vir- 
ginia ;  born  in  Lawrenceville,  Va..  January  11, 
1850 ;  attended  the  common  schools  and  was 
graduated  from  the  University  of  Virginia  in 
1871 ;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar, 
and  practiced  in  Lawrenceville,  Va. ;  member  of 
the  state  senate  in  1894;  delegate  to  the  state 
constitutional  convention  in  1901;  delegate  to 
the  Democratic  national  conventions  in  1896 
and  1904;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Sixty- 
first  Congress,  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  the 
death  of  Francis  R.  Lassiter  and  took  his  seat 
March  16,  1910.  Reelected  to  the  Sixty-second 
Congress. 

Turner,  Benjamin  Sterling,  a  Representative 
from  Alabama ;  born  in  Halifax  county,  N.  C., 
March  17,  1825;  moved  to  Alabama  in  1830, 
where,  by  clandestine  study,  he  obtained  a  fair 
education ;  became  a  merchant ;  held  several 
local  offices;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the 
Forty-second  Congress  (March  4.  1871-March  3, 
1873)  ;  defeated  for  the  Forty-third  Congress. 

Turner,  Charles,  jr.,  a  Representative  from 
Massachusetts;  a  native  of  Massachusetts;  was 
graduated  from  Harvard  college;  studied  the- 
ology and  became  pastor  of  a  parish  in  Duxbury, 
Mass. :  successfully  contested  as  a  war  Demo- 
crat the  election  of  William  Baylies  to  the 
Eleventh  Congress;  reelected  to  the  Twelfth 
Congress,  and  served  from  June  28,  1809,  to 
March  3.  1813;  defeated  for  reelection. 

Turner,  Charles  Henry,  a  Representative 
from  New  York ;  born  in  Wentworth,  N.  H.,  May 
26,  1861:  attended  the  district  schools;  moved 
to  New  York  City  in  November.  1879;  entered 
Columbia  college  in  1886  and  pursued  a  course 
of  two  years ;  after  leaving  college  engaged  in 
the  ice  busiiiess;  candidate  for  state  senator  in 
1888:  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Fifty-first 
Congress  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  the  resigna- 
tion of  Frank  T.  Fitzgerald,  and  served  from 
December  9,  1889,  to  March  3.  1891;  resumed 
the  practice  of  law  in  Washington,  D.  C. 

Turner,  Daniel,  a  Representative  from  North 
Carolina;  born  in  Warren  county.  N.  C..  Septem- 
ber 21,  1796;  completed  preparatory  studies; 
was  graduated  from  the  United  States  military 
academy  at  West  Point  in  1814  and  was  com- 
missioned second  lieutenant  of  artillery  in  1814; 
served  in  the  war  of  1812  as  acting  assistant 
engineer:  resigned  his  commission  May  17. 
1815;  student  for  two  years  at  William  and 
Mary  college.  Virginia ;  member  of  the  house  of 
commons  of  North  Carolina  1819-1823:  elected 
to  the  Twentieth  Congress  (March  4,  1827- 
March  3,  1829)  ;  principal  of  the  Warrenton. 
N.  C.,  female  seminary:  superintending  engi- 
neer of  the  construction  of  public  works  at  the 


Mare  island  navy  yard  until  his  death  in  San 
Francisco,  Cal.,  July  21,  1860. 

Turner,  Erastus  Johnson,  a  Representative 
from  Kansas;  born  in  Lockport,  Erie  county, 
Pa.,  December  26,  1846 ;  attended  college  in 
Henry,  111.,  1859-1860;  enlisted  in  company  E, 
thirteenth  Iowa  infantry,  in  1864,  and  remained 
till  the  close  of  the  war;  attended  Adrian  col- 
lege, Michigan,  1866-1868;  was  admitted  to  the 
bar  in  1871,  moved  to  Hoxie,  Kans..  in  1879, 
and  practiced ;  elected  a  member  of  the  legisla- 
ture in  1881  and  1883;  secretary  of  the  Kansas 
board  of  railroad  commissioners  April  1,.  1883- 
August  1.  1886;  elected  as  a  Republican 'to  the 
Fiftieth  and  Fifty-first  Congresses  (March  4, 
1887-March  3.  1891)  ;  practiced  law  several 
years  in  Washington,  D.  C.,  and  later  removed 
to  Seattle,  Wash. 

Turner,  George,  a  Senator  from  Washington; 
born  in  Edina,  Mo.,  February  25,  1850;  at- 
tended the  common  schools;  studied  law  and 
was  admitted  to  the  bar;  United  States  marshal 
for  the  southern  and  middle  districts  of  Ala* 
bama  1876-1880;  associate  justice  of  the  su- 
preme court  for  the  territory  of  Washington 
from  July  4,  1884.  till  February  15,  1888 ;  mem. 
ber  of  the  stnte  constitutional  convention  in 
1889 ;  elected  as  a  Fusionist  to  the  United 
States  Senate,  and  served  from  March  4,  1897, 
until  March  3,  1903;  counsel  for  the  United 
States  at  The  Hague  in  the  Northeastern  Fish- 
eries arbitration  with  Great  Britain  in  1910; 
appointed  by  President  Roosevelt  a  member  of 
the  international  joint  commission  for  the  set- 
tlement  of  questions  between  the  United  States 
and  Canada. 

Turner,  Henry  G-.,  a  Representative  from 
Georgia ;  born  in  Franklin  county,  N.  C.,  March 
20,  1839 ;  attended  the  common  schools  and  the 
University  of  Virginia  in  1857 ;  moved  to  Brooks 
county,  Ga.,  in  1859  and  taught  school ;  en- 
listed in  the  Confederate  army  as  a  private  in 
1861  and  served  throughout  the  Civil  war,  at- 
taining the  rank  of  captain  and  being  severely 
wounded  at  the  battle  of  Gettysburg,  Pa. ;  was 
admitted  to  the  bar  in  1865 ;  presidential  elector 
on  the  Horace  Greeley  ticket  in  1872;  member 
of  the  state  legislature  in  1874-1875.  1876 ;  dele- 
gate to  the  Democratic  national  convention  in 
1876;  again  elected  to  the  state  legislature  in 
1878  and  1879:  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the 
Forty-seventh,  and  to  the  seven  succeeding  Con- 
gresses (March  4,  1881-March  3,  1897)  ;  re- 
sumed the  practice  of  law  in  Quitman.  Ga. ; 
died  in  Raleigh,  N.  C.,  June  9,  1904. 

Turner,  James,  a  Senator  from  North  Caro- 
lina ;  born  in  Southampton  county,  Va.,  Decem- 
ber 20,  1766;  moved  with  his  father  to  Warren 
county,  N.  C.,  in  1770;  Attended  the  common 
schools;  private  in  the  Revolutionary  army  in 
a  company  of  North  Carolina  volunteers;  mem- 
ber of  the  state  house  of  representatives  1797- 
1800 ;  served  in  the  state  senate  1801-1802 ;  gov- 
ernor of  North  Carolina  1802-1805;  elected  as 
a  Democrat  to  the  United  States  Senate  in  1805 ; 
reelected  in  1811,  and  served  from  March  4, 
1805,  to  November  21,  1816,  when  he  resigned  on 
account  of  ill  health ;  died  in  Bloomsbury,  N.  C., 
January  15,  1824. 

Turner,  James,  a  Representative  from  Mary- 
land; born  in  Harford  county,  Md.,  in  1783; 


1068 


CONGRESSIONAL   DIRECTORY. 


completed  preparatory  studies;  captain  in  the 
militia  in  the  war  of  1812;  moved  to  Parkton, 
Baltimore  county,  in  1811;  served  as  a  justice 
of  the  peace;  collector  of  taxes  in  1817;  mem- 
ber of  the  house  of  delegates  1824-1833 ;  elected 
as  a  Democrat  to  the  Twenty-third  and  Twenty- 
fourth  Congresses  (March  4,  1833-March  3, 
1837)  ;  defeated  for  reelection;  again  served  in 
the  house  of  delegates;  member  of  the  state 
senate  1855-1859;  died  in  1861. 

Turner,  Oscar,  a  Representative  from  Ken- 
tucky; born  in  New  Orleans,  La.,  February  3. 
1825;  moved  with  his  parents  to  Fayette  county, 
Ky.,  'in  1826;  completed  preparatory  studies; 
moved  to  Ballard  county,  Ky.,  in  1843 ;  attended 
the  law  department  of  the  Transylvania  uni- 
versity, in  Lexington,  Ky.,  in  1847 ;  was  admit- 
ted to  the  bar  and  practiced  until  1861;  com- 
monwealth attorney  1851-1855;  served  in  the 
state  senate  of  Kentucky  1867-1871;  elected  as 
an  independent  Democrat  to  the  Forty-sixth, 
Forty-seventh,  and  Forty-eighth  Congresses 
(March  4,  1879-March  3,  1885)  ;  died  in  1896. 

Turner,  Oscar,  jr.,  a  Representative  from  Ken- 
tucky ;  born  in  Woodlands,  Ballard  county,  Ky.. 
October  19,  1867;  attended  the  public  schools 
of  Washington,  D.  C.,  and  the  Louisville  Rugby 
school ;  studied  law  at  the  University  of  Louis- 
ville and  was  graduated  from  the  University  of 
Virginia  in  1886;  traveled  very  extensively; 
was  admitted  to  the  bar  and  began  practice  in 
1891  in  Louisville,  Ky. ;  elected  as  a  Democrat 
to  the  Fifty-sixth  Congress  (March  4,  1899- 
March  3,  1901;  died  in  Louisville,  Ky.,  July  17, 
1902. 

Turner,  Smith  Spangler,  a  Representative 
from  Virginia ;  born  in  Warren  county,  Va.,  No- 
vember 21,  1842;  cadet  at  the  Virginia  Military 
institute  when  the  civil  war  commenced,  and 
subsequently  given  an  honorary  diploma ;  en- 
listed in  the  Confederate  army  in  1861 ;  served 
with  Gen.  T.  J.  Jackson  as  drill  officer ;  an  officer 
of  Pickett's  division  during  the  remainder  of 
the  war;  once  wounded,  and,  about  the  close 
of  the  war,  badly  injured  and  disfigured  by  an 
explosion  of  gunpowder;  taught  mathematics 
in  a  female  seminary  in  Winchester,  Va.,  1865- 
1867 ;  studied  law,  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar 
in  1869,  and  practiced  in  Front  Royal,  Va. ; 
member  of  the  Virginia  legislature  1869-1872 ; 
prosecuting  attorney  for  Warren  county,  Va. ; 
for  eight  years  a  member  of  the  state  board  of 
visitors  of  the  Virginia  Military  Institute; 
elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Fifty-third  Con- 
gress, to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  the  resignation 
of  Charles  T.  O'Ferrall ;  reelected  to  the  Fifty- 
fourth  Congress,  and  served  from  February  12, 
1894,  to  March  3,  1897;  died  in  Front  Royal, 
Va..  April  S.  1898. 

Turner,  Thomas,  a  Representative  from  Ken- 
tucky; born  in  Richmond,  Ky.,  September  10, 
1821 ;  attended  the  Richmond  academy  and  was 
graduated  from  Center  college,  Danville,  Va.,  in 
September,  1840;  studied  law  at  the  Transyl- 
vania Law  school,  Lexington,  Ky. ;  was  admitted 
to  the  bar,  and  began  practice  in  Richmond,  Va. ; 
moved  in  November,  1854,  to  Mount  Sterling, 
Ky. ;  appointed  commonwealth  attorney  in 
March,  1846,  and  resigned  in  1849;  member  of 
the  state  house  of  representatives  1861-1863; 
elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Forty-fifth  and 
Forty-sixth  Congresses  (March  4,  1877-March  3, 


1881);  died  in  Mount  Sterling,  Ky.,  September 
11.  1900. 

Turner,  Thomas  J.,  a  Representative  from 
Illinois ;  born  in  Trumbull  county,  Ohio,  April 
5,  1815;  completed  preparatory  studies;  moved 
with  his  parents  to  Butler  county,  Pa.,  in  1825; 
moved  to  St.  Paul,  Decatur  county,  Ind.,  in 
1833,  and  later  to  Freeport,  111.;  studied  law, 
was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  practiced ;  judge 
of  probate  in  1842 ;  postmaster  of  Freeport  in 
1844;  elected  state  district  attorney  in  1845; 
elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Thirtieth  Congress 
(March  4.  1847-March  3,  1849)  ;  member  of  the 
state  house  of  representatives  in  1854,  and  served 
as  speaker;  elected  first  mayor  of  Freeport,  111., 
in  1855 ;  member  of  peace  congress  in  Washing- 
ton, D.  C.,  in  1861 ;  enlisted  in  the  Union  army 
for  the  civil  war,  May  24.  1861,  and  served  as 
colonel  of  the  fifteenth  Illinois  volunteer  infan- 
try; resigned  on  account  of  ill  health  in  1862; 
member  of  the  state  constitutional  convention 
in  1863;  moved  to  Chicago,  111.,  in  1871  and 
resumed  the  practice  of  law ;  died  in  Hot 
Springs,  Ark.,  April  4,  1874. 

Turney,  Hopkins  Lacy,  a  Representative 
and  a  Senator  from  Tennessee;  born  in  Smith 
county,  Tenn.,  October  3,  1797 ;  served  in  the 
Seminole  war ;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the 
bar,  and  began  practice  in  Winchester,  Tenn. ; 
member  of  the  state  house  of  representatives 
1828-1838 ;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Twenty- 
fifth,  Twenty-sixth,  and  Twenty-seventh  Con- 
gresses (March  4,  1837-March  3,  1843)  ;  elected 
to  the  United  States  Senate,  and  served  from 
March  4,  1845,  until  March  3,  1851 ;  resumed  the 
practice  of  law ;  died  in  Winchester,  Tenn., 
August  1,  1857. 

Turney,  Jacob,  a  Representative  from  Penn- 
sylvania ;  born  in  Greensburg,  Pa.,  February 
18,  1825;  completed  preparatory  studies;  studied 
law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  began  practice 
in  Greensburg,  Pa. ;  elected  district  attorney  for 
Westmoreland  county  in  1850  and  1853 ;  presi- 
dential elector  on  the  Buchanan  ticket  in  1856; 
member  of  the  state  senate;  elected  as  a  Demo- 
crat to  the  Forty-fourth  and  Forty-fifth  Con- 
gresses (March  4,  1875-March  3,  1879;  died  in 
Greensburg,  Pa.,  October  4.  1891. 

Turpie,  David,  a  Senator  from  Indiana ;  born 
"  in  Hamilton  county,  Ohio,  July  8, 1829 ;  was  grad- 
uated from  Kenyon  college  in  1848 ;  studied 
law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1849,  and  prac- 
ticed in  Logansport,  Ind. ;  appointed  by  Governor 
Wright  judge  of  the  court  of  common  pleas  in 
1854-1856 ;  judge  of  the  circuit  court  in  1856 ; 
member  of  the  legislature  of  Indiana  in  1852 
and  1858 ;  elected  to  the  United  States  Senate  in 
1863,  to  fill  the  vacancy  caused  by  the  Senate  ex- 
pelling Jesse  D.  Bright  and  served  from  January 
14,  1863,  to  March  3,  1863 ;  member  of  the  state 
house  of  representatives  and  served  as  speaker 
1874-1875;  one  of  the  three  commissioners  to 
revise  the  laws  of  Indiana  in  1878-1881;  ap- 
pointed United  States  district  attorney  for  In- 
diana in  August,  1886,  and  served  until  March  3, 
1887 ;  delegate  at  large  to  the  Democratic  na- 
t  ional  convention  in  1888 ;  elected  as  a  Democrat 
to  the  United  States  Senate  February  2.  1887; 
reelected  in  1893  and  served  from  March  4, 
1887,  until  March  3,  1899;  died  in  Indianapolis, 
Ind.,  April  21,  1909. 


BIOGRAPHIES. 


1069 


Turpin,  Louis  Washington,  a.  Representative 
from  Alabama  ;  born  in  Charlottesville,  Va.,  Feb- 
ruary  22,  1849 ;  moved  with  his  parents  to  Perry 
county,  Ala.,  in  1858;  tax  assessor  of  Hale 
county  seven  years;  unsuccessful  candidate  for 
the  Democratic  nomination  for  Congress  in  1S82; 
presented  credentials  as  a  Democratic  Member- 
elect  to  the  Fifty-first  Congress  and  served  from 
March  4,  1889,  until  June  4,  1890,  when  he  was 
succeeded  by  John  V.  McDuffie,  who  contested 
his  election;  elected  to  the  Fifty-second  and 
Fifty-third  Congresses  (March  4,  1891-March  3, 
1895)  ;  died  in  Greensboro,  Hale  county,  Ala., 
February  3,  1903. 

Turrill,  Joel,  a  Representative  from  New 
York;  born  in  Shoreham,  Vt,  February  22, 
1794;  was  graduated  from  Mkldlebury  college 
in  1816;  studied  law  in  Newburgh,  N.  Y. ;  moved 
to  Oswego,  N.  Y. ;  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and 
practiced ;  justice  of  the  peace ;  district  attorney 
for  Oswego  county ;  county  judge,  1828-1833 ; 
member  of  the  state  house  of  representatives  in 
1831 ;  elected  as  a  Jackson  Democrat  to  the 
Twenty-third  and  Twenty-fourth  Congresses 
(March  4,  1833-March  3,  1837;  surrogate  of 
Oswego  county  in  1843;  United  States  consul 
to  the  Sandwich  Islands  1845-1850;  died  in 
Oswego,  N.  Y.,  December  28,  1859. 

Tuthill,  Joseph  Hasbrouck,  a  Representative 
from  New  York ;  born  in  Blooming  Grove,  N.  Y., 
February  11,  1811 ;  attended  the  public  schools ; 
<ierk  of  Ulster  county  1843-1847;  member  of 
Ulster  county  board  of  supervisors  for  several 
years;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Forty-second 
Congress  (March  4,  1871-March  3.  1873)  ;  died 
in  Ellenville,  N.  Y.,  July  27,  1877. 

Tuthill,  Selah,  a  Representative  from  New 
York;  born  in  Blooming  Grove,  Ulster  county, 
N.  Y.,  October  26,  1771 ;  completed  preparatory 
studies;  member  of  the  state  legislature  in 
1805  and  again  in  1820;  elected  to  the  Seven- 
teenth Congress,  but  died  in  Goshen,  N.  Y., 
September  7,  1821,  before  the  assembling  of 
Congress ;  interment  in  Marlboro,  Ulster  county, 
N.  Y. 

Tweed,  William  Marcy,  a  Representative 
from  New  York ;  born  in  New  York  City  April 
3,  1823 ;  completed  preparatory  studies ;  alder- 
man in  New  York  City  1852-1853;  elected  as  a 
Democrat  to  the  Thirty-third  Congress  (March  4, 
1853-March  3,  1855)  ;  member  of  the  board  of 
supervisors  for  New  York  county  in  1858;  de- 
feated as  the  Peace  candidate  for  sheriff  in 
1861 ;  school  commissioner ;  deputy  street  com- 
missioner in  1861 ;  commissioner  of  the  depart- 
ment of  public  works  in  1870;  member  of  the 
state  senate  1868-1870:  tried  in  1874  on  charges 
of  official  embezzlement,  found  guilty,  and  sen- 
tenced to  twelve  years'  imprisonment;  escaped 
in  December,  1875,  and  captured  in  Spain ; 
brought  back  to  the  United  States  on  a  man-of- 
war;  died  in  New  York  City,  April  12,  1878. 

Tweedy,  John  Hubbard,  a  Delegate  from 
Wisconsin ;  born  in  Danbury.  Conn..  November  9. 
1814 ;  was  graduated  from  Yale  college  in  1834 ; 
studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  in  1836 
began  practice  in  Milwaukee.  Wis. ;  delegate  to 
the  state  constitutional  convention  in  1846 ; 
elected  as  a  Whig  to  the  Thirtieth  Congress 
(March  4,  1847-March  3,  1849)  ;  defeated  as  the 
Whig  candidate  for  governor  in  1848;  died  in 
Milwaukee,  Wis.,  November  12,  1891. 


Tweedy,  Samuel,  a  Representative  from  Con- 
necticut; born  in  Nine  Partners,  Dutchess 
county,  N.  Y.,  March  8,  1776;  member  of  the 
state  house  of  representatives;  served  in  the 
state  senate;  held  many  local  offices;  elected  as 
a  Whig  to  the  Twenty-third  Congress  (March  4, 
1833-March  3,  1835)  ;  died  in  Danbury,  Conn., 
July  1,  1868. 

Twitchell,  Ginery,  a  Representative  from 
Massachusetts ;  bom  in  Athol,  Mass.,  August  26, 
1811;  completed  preparatory  studies;  interested 
in  the  carrying  of  mails  and  stagecoaches;  en- 
gaged in  railroading;  president  of  the  Boston  & 
Worcester  railway  in  1857;  elected  as  a  Re- 
publican to  the  Fortieth,  Forty-first,  and  Forty- 
second  Congresses  (March  4,  1867-March  3, 
1873)  ;  died  in  Brookline,  Mass.,  July  23,  1883; 
interment  in  Worcester,  Mass. 

Tyler,  Asher,  a  Representative  from  New 
York ;  born  in  Bridgewater,  N.  Y.,  May  10,  1798 ; 
was  graduated  from  Hamilton  college  in  1817; 
studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  began 
practice  in  Ellicottville,  N.  Y. ;  held  several 
local  offices;  elected  as  a  Whig  to  the  Twenty- 
eighth  Congress  (March  4,  1843-March  3,  1845)  ; 
moved  to  Elmira  and  engaged  in  railroad  opera- 
tions; died  in  Elmira,  N.  Y.,  August  10,  1875. 

Tyler,  David  Gardiner,  a  Representative 
from  Virginia;  born  in  East  Hampton,  Long 
Island,  N.  Y.,  July  12,  1846;  entered  Washing- 
ton college,  Lexington,  Va.,  in  1862,  leaving 
there  in  1863  to  join  the  Confederate  army: 
served  as  a  private  in  the  army  of  northern 
Virginia,  surrendering  at  Appomattox;  went  to 
Europe  in  October,  1865.  and  pursued  a  course 
of  classical  studies  in  Carlsruhe,  Grand  Duchy 
of  Baden;  returned  to  the  United  States  in 
1867  and  was  graduated  from  Washington  col- 
lege; was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1870  and  be- 
gan practice  in  Charles  City  county,  Va.,  in 
1869;  director  of  state  lunatic  asylum  in  Wil- 
liamsburg,  Va.,  1884-1887;  presidential  elector 
on  the  Democratic  ticket  in  1888;  resumed  the 
practice  of  his  profession ;  elected  to  the  state 
senate  in  1891 ;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the 
Fifty-third  and  Fifty-fourth  Congresses  (March 
4,  1893-March  3,  1897)  ;  again  elected  to  the 
state  senate  in  1899;  elected  judge  of  the  four- 
teenth judicial  circuit  of  Virginia  in  1904,  re- 
elected  in  1908  and  1912,  and  resides  in  Charles 
City  county,  Va. 

Tyler,  James  Manning,  a  Representative 
from  Vermont;  born  in  Wilmington,  Vt.,  April 
27,  1835 ;  attended  the  Brattleboro  academy ; 
was  graduated  from  the  Law  university  of  Al- 
bany. N.  Y.,  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in 
September,  1860;  member  of  the  state  legisla- 
ture in  1863  and  1864;  state  attorney  in  1866 
and  1867 ;  trustee  of  the  Vermont  asylum  for 
the  insane  in  1875 ;  elected  as  a  Republican  to 
the  Forty-sixth  and  Forty-seventh  Congresses 
(March  4,  1879-March  3,  1883)  ;  resumed  the 
practice  of  law  in  Brattleboro,  Vt. ;  appointed 
one  of  the  judges  of  the  supreme  court  of  the 
state  in  September,  1887,  and  served  until  his 
resignation,  December  1,  1908;  retired  and  re- 
sides in  Brattleboro,  Vt. 

Tyler,  John,  a  Representative  and  a  Senator 
from  Virginia ;  born  in  Charles  City  county, 
Va.,  March  29,  1790;  was  graduated  from  Wil- 
liam and  Mary  college  in  1807;  studied  law, 
was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1809,  and  prac- 


1070 


CONGRESSIONAL   DIRECTORY. 


ticed ;  member  of  the  house  of  delegates  1811- 
1816;  elected  as  a  State  Rights  Democrat 
to  the  Fourteenth  Congress,  to  fill  vacancy 
caused  by  the  death  of  John  Clopton ;  reelected 
to  the  Fifteenth  and  Sixteenth  Congresses  and 
served  from  December  16.  1817,  to  March  3, 
1821 ;  again  a  member  of  the  house  of  delegates 
1823-1825;  governor  of  Virginia  1825-1827; 
elected  to  the  United  States  Senate  in  1827 ;  re- 
elected  in  1833  and  served  from  March  4,  1827, 
until  February  29,  1836,  when  he  resigned ;  mem- 
ber of  the  house  of  delegates  in  1839 ;  elected 
as  a  Whig  Vice  President  of  the  United  States 
on  the  Harrison  ticket  in  1840;  became  Presi- 
dent of  the  United  States  after  the  death  of 
President  Harrison  April  4,  1841,  and  served 
until  March  3,  1845;  delegate  to  the  peace  con- 
vention in  1861  and  served  as  president;  dele- 
gate to  the  Confederate  Provisional  Congress  in 
1861;  elected  to  the  Confederate  Congress,  but 
died  before  the  assembling  of  the  congress  in 
Richmond,  Va.,  January  18,  1862. 

Tyndall,  William  Thomas,  a  Representative 
from  Missouri ;  born  in  Christian  county.  Mo., 
January  16,  1862;  pursued  an  academic  course: 
taught  school  12  years;  studied  law,  was  ad- 
mitted to  the  bar  in  1893,  and  practiced  in 
Sparta,  Mo. ;  appointed  postmaster  in  Sparta, 
Mo.,  by  President  Harrison  and  also  by  Presi- 
dent McKinley ;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the 
Fifty-ninth  Congress  (March  4,  1905-March  3, 
1907). 

Tyner,  James  Noble,  a  Representative  from 
Indiana ;  born  in  Brookville,  Ind..  January  17, 
1826;  pursued  an  academic  course  and  was 
graduated  from  Brookville  academy  in  1844 : 
spent  10  years  in  business;  studied  law.  was  ad- 
mitted to  the  bar  in  1857,  and  began  practice  in 
Peru,  Ind. ;  secretary  of  the  state  senate  1857- 
1861 ;  presidential  elector  in  1860 ;  special  agent 
of  the  Post  Office  Department  1861-1866 ;  elected 
as  a  Republican  to  the  Forty-first  Congress  to 
fill  vacancy  caused  by  the  resignation  of  Daniel 
D.  Pratt ;  reelected  to  the  Forty-second  and 
Forty-third  Congresses  and  served  from  March 
4,  18*69,  to  March  3,  1875;  appointed  by  Presi- 
dent Grant  governor  of  Colorado,  but  declined ; 
appointed  Second  Assistant  Postmaster  Gen- 
eral, serving  from  February  26,  1875.  to  July  12. 
1876,  and  as  Postmaster  General  from  July  12. 
1876,  to  March  3,  1877:  appointed  by  President 
Hayes  First  Assistant  Postmaster  General,  and 
served  from  March  16,  1877,  to  his  resignation 
in  October.  1881 ;  assistant  attorney  general  for 
the  Post  Office  Department.  1889-1893,  and  from 
May,  1897.  to  1903;  delegate  to  the  Interna- 
tional Postal  Congresses  in  Paris  in  1878  and 
in  Washington  in  1897;  died  in  Washington. 
D.  C.,  December  5,  1904. 

Tysen,  Jacob,  a  Representative  from  New 
York;  born  in  Staten  Island,  N.  Y.,  October  8, 
1773 ;  attended  the  common  schools ;  moved  to 
New  York  and  located  in  Richmond;  studied 
law,  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar:  served  as 
judge  of  Richmond  county ;  supervisor  of  the 
town  of  Castleton.  Richmond  county.  1811-1821 ; 
member  of  the  state  senate  in  1828;  elected  to 
the  Eighteenth  Congress  (March  4.  1823-March 
3,  1825)  ;  died  at  Staten  Island,  N.  Y.,  July  16, 
1848. 

Tyson,  Job  Roberts,  a  Representative  from 
Pennsylvania ;  born  in  Philadelphia,  Pa..  Feb- 


ruary 8,  1803;  completed  preparatory  studies: 
taught  school  in  Hamburg.  Pa.;  studied  law. 
was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1827,  and  began 
practice  in  Philadelphia,  Pa.;  held  several  local 
offices;  served  in  the  state  house  of  representa- 
tives; elected  as  a  Wrhig  to  the  Thirty-fourth 
Congress;  died  in  Woodlawn  Hall,  Montgomery 
county,  Pa.,  June  27,  1858. 

Udree,  Daniel,  a  Representative  from  Pennsyl- 
vania ;  a  native  of  Philadelphia,  Pa. ;  attended 
the  common  schools ;  moved  to  Berks  county  and 
became  a  merchant;  member  of  the  state  house 
of  representatives  1799-1805 ;  elected  as  a  Demo- 
crat to  the  Thirteenth  Congress,  to  fill  vacancy 
caused  by  the  resignation  of  John  M.  Hyneman, 
and  served  from  December  6,  1813,  to  March  3, 
1815;  reelected  to  the  Sixteenth  Congress,  to  fill 
vacancy  caused  by  the  resignation  of  Joseph 
Heister,  and  served  from  January  8,  1821,  to 
March  3,  1821 ;  again  elected  to  the  Seventeenth 
Congress,  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  the  death  of 
Ludwig  Worman;  reelected  to  the  Eighteenth 
Congress,  and  served  from  December  23,  1822,  to 
March  3,  1825;  died  in  Reading,  Pa.  July  22, 
1828. 

Underbill,  John  Quincy,  a  Representative 
from  New  York ;  born  in  New  Rochelle,  N.  Y.. 
February  19,  1848;  attended  the  private  and 
public  schools  and  the  College  of  the  City  of  New 
York ;  engaged  in  the  business  of  fire  insurance ; 
president  and  trustee  of  his  native  village  sev- 
eral times ;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Fifty- 
sixth  Congress  (March  4,  1899-March  3,  1901)  ; 
died  in  New  Rochelle,  N.  Y.,  May  21,  1907. 

Underbill,  Walter,  a  Representative  from 
New  York;  born  September  12,  1795;  completed 
preparatory  studies ;  held  several  local  offices ; 
elected  as  a  Whig  to  the  Thirty-first  Congress 
(March  4,  1849-March  3,  1851)  ;  died  in  White- 
stone,  Long  Island,  N.  Y.,  August  17,  1866. 

Underwood,  John  William.  Henderson,  a 
Representative  from  Georgia ;  born  in  Elbert 
county,  Ga.,  November  20,  1816;  completed  pre- 
paratory studies;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to 
the  bar,  and  began  practice  in  Rome,  Ga.,  in 
1834;  delegate  to  the  state  constitutional  con- 
vention in  1850;  member  of  the  state  house  of 
representatives  in  1857,  and  served  as  speaker; 
elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Thirty-sixth  Con- 
gress, and  served  from  March  4,  1859,  until  he 
retired  from  the  House,  January  23,  1861,  and 
.joined  the  Confederacy ;  after  the  war,  resumed 
the  practice  of  law  in  Rome,  Ga. ;  for  several 
years  a  judge  of  the  superior  and  supreme 
courts  of  Georgia,  and  a  member  of  President 
Arthur's  tariff  commission ;  died  in  Rome,  Ga., 
July  18,  1888. 

Underwood,  Joseph  Rogers,  a  Representative 
and  a  Senator  from  Kentucky ;  born  in  Gooch- 
land  county,  Va.,  October  24,  1791;  moved  with 
his  uncle  to  Barren  county,  Ky.,  in  1803;  was 
graduated  from  Transylvania  college  in  1811 ; 
studied  law ;  served  in  the  war  of  1812  as  lieu- 
tenant in  the  thirteenth  Kentucky  infantry  :  was 
admitted  to  the  bar  in  1813,  and  began  practice 
in  Glasgow,  Ky. ;  held  several  local  offices ;  mem- 
ber of  the  state  house  of  representatives  1816- 
1819;  moved  to  Bowling  Green,  Ky.,  in  1823; 
presidential  elector  on  the  Clay  ticket  in  1824 ; 
again  a  member  of  the  state  house  of  representa- 
tives 1825-1826;  Whig  candidate  for  lieutenant 


BIOGRAPHIES. 


1071 


governor  of  Kentucky  in  1S2S  :  judge  of  the  court 
of  appeals  1S28-1835;  elected  as  a  Whig  to  the 
Twenty-fourth  and  to  the  three  succeeding  Con- 
gresses (March  4,  1835-March  3,  1S43)  ;  de- 
clined renomination  and  resumed  the  practice  of 
law ;  presidential  elector  in  1844 ;  again  a  mem- 
ber of  the  state  house  of  representatives  in  1846, 
and  served  as  speaker ;  elected  as  a  Whig  to  the 
United  States  Senate  and  served  from  March  4, 
1847,  to  March  3,  1853 ;  served  in  the  state  legis- 
lature in  1861 ;  delegate  to  the  Democratic 
national  convention  in  Chicago  in  1864;  died 
near  Bowling  Green.  Ky.,  August  23,  1876. 

Underwood,  Oscar  Wilder,  a  Representative 
from  Alabama ;  born  in  Louisville,  Jefferson 
county,  Ky.,  May  6,  1862;  attended  Rugby 
school,  Louisville,  and  the  University  of  Vir- 
ginia ;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  18S4,  and  com- 
menced the  practice  of  law  in  Birmingham,  Ala., 
in  1884 ;  chairman  of  Democratic  executive  com- 
mittee for  the  ninth  district  in  1892 ;  presented 
credentials  as  a  Democratic  Member-elect  to  the 
Fifty-fourth  Congress,  and  served  from  March  4, 
1895,  to  June  9,  1896,  when  he  was  succeeded  by 
Truman  H.  Aldrich,  who  contested  his  election; 
elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Fifty-fifth,  and  to 
the  six  succeeding  Congresses  (March  4,  1897- 
March  3,  1911).  Reelected  t^  the  Sixty-second 
Congress. 

Underwood,  Warner  Lewis,  a  Representative 
from  Kentucky;  born  in  Goochland  county,  Va., 
August  7,  1808;  completed  preparatory  studies; 
moved  to  Kentucky  in  1825 ;  was  graduated  from 
the  University  of  Virginia  in  1829 ;  studied  law, 
was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  began  practice  in 
Bowling  Green,  Ky.,  in  1830 ;  moved  to  Texas  in 
1834 ;  attorney  general  for  the  eastern  district  of 
Texas;  declined  a  position  in  General  Houston's 
cabinet ;  removed  to  Bowling  Green,  Ky.,  in 
1840;  member  of  the  state  house  of  representa- 
tives in  1848;  served  in  the  state  senate  1849- 
1853:  elected  as  an  American  to  the  Thirty- 
fourth  and  Thirty-fifth  Congresses  (March  4, 
1855-March  3,  1859)  ;  declined  a  reelection;  ap- 
pointed by  President  Lincoln  as  United  States 
consul  to  Glasgow,  Scotland,  and  served  from 
1862  to  1865;  returned  to  the  United  States  and 
practiced  law  in  San  Francisco,  Cal. ;  returned 
to  Kentucky  in  1866;  died  near  Bowling  Green, 
Ky.,  March  12,  1872. 

Updegraff,  Jonathan  T.,  a  Representative 
from  Ohio ;  born  in  Jefferson  county,  Ohio ; 
attended  the  common  schools  and  Franklin 
college ;  studied  medicine  and  was  graduated 
from  the  University  of  Pennsylvania  in  1845,  and 
later  from  the  medical  schools  of  Edinburgh  and 
Paris ;  practiced  his  profession,  but  devoted  a 
large  share  of  his  time  and  interests  to  agricul- 
tural pursuits ;  served  as  a  surgeon  in  the  Union 
army  during  the  civil  war;  Republican  presi- 
dential elector  in  1872 ;  member  of  the  Ohio  sen- 
ate in  1872  and  1873 ;  temporary  president  of  the 
Republican  state  convention  in  1873 ;  delegate  to 
the  Repiiblican  national  convention  in  1876 ; 
elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Forty-sixth  and 
Forty-seventh  Congresses  and  served  from  March 
4,  1879,  until  his  death  in  Mt.  Pleasant,  Ohio, 
November  20,  1882. 

Updegraff,  Thomas,  a  Representative  from 
Iowa ;  born  in  Tioga  county,  Pa.,  April  3,  1834 ; 
attended  private  schools,  the  University  of  Notre 
Dame,  Ind.,  and  an  academy  in  Binghamton, 


N.  Y. ;  clerk  of  the  district  court  of  Clayton 
county,  Iowa,  1856-1860;  was  admitted  to  the 
bar  in  1860,  and  commenced  practice  in  Mc- 
Gregor, Iowa ;  member  of  the  state  house  of  rep- 
resentatives in  1878;  elected  as  a  Republican  to 
the  Forty-sixth  and  Forty-seventh  Congresses 
(March  4,  1879-March  3,  1883)  ;  member  of  the 
board  of  education  and  city  solicitor  of  Mc- 
Gregor, Iowa ;  delegate  to  the  Republican  na- 
tional convention  in  1888;  reelected  as  a  Repub- 
lican to  the  Fifty-third,  Fifty-fourth,  and  Fifty- 
fifth  Congresses  (March  4,  1893-March  3.  1899)  ; 
died  in  McGregor,  Iowa,  October  4,  1910. 

Upham,  Charles  Wentworth,  a  Representa- 
tive from  Massachusetts ;  born  in  St.  Johns.  New 
Brunswick,  May  4,  1802;  came  to  the  United 
States  and  resided  in  Boston,  Mass.,  in  1816; 
was  graduated  from  Harvard  college  in  1821; 
studied  theology;  clergyman  in  Salem,  Mass., 
1824-1844 ;  member  of  the  state  house  of  repre- 
sentatives 1840-1849 ;  defeated  as  the  Whig  can- 
didate for  the  Thirty-second  Congress;  mayor  of 
Salem,  Mass.,  in  1852 ;  delegate  to  the  state  con- 
stitutional convention  in  1853;  elected  as  a 
Whig  to  the  Thirty-third  Congress  (March  4. 
1853-March  3,  1855);  defeated  for  reelection; 
member  of  the  state  senate  in  1857-1858  and 
served  as  president  of  that  body;  again  a  mem- 
ber of  the  state  house  of  representatives  1859- 
1860 ;  died  in  Salem,  Mass.,  June  14,  1875. 

Upham,  George  Baxter,  a  Representative 
from  New  Hampshire ;  born  in  Brookfield,  Mass., 
December  9,  1769;  was  graduated  from  Harvard 
college  in  1789 ;  member  of  the  state  house  of 
representatives  and  served  two  years  as 
speaker;  elected  to  the  Seventh  Congress 
(March  4.  1801-March  3,  1803)  ;  died  in  Clare- 
mont,  N.  H..  February  10,  1848. 

Upham,  Jabez,  a  Representative  from  Massa- 
chusetts ;  born  in  Brookfield,  Mass.,  August  23, 
1764 ;  was  graduated  from  Harvard  college 
in  1785 ;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar, 
and  began  practice  in  Sturbridge,  Mass.;  later 
went  to  Claremont,  N.  H. ;  moved  to  Brookfield, 
Mass.,  and  practiced  law ;  member  of  the  state 
house  of  representatives  in  1804,  1805,  1806,  and 
1811;  elected  to  the  Tenth  and  Eleventh  Con- 
gresses, and  served  from  March  4,  1807,  until 
his  resignation  in  1810;  died  in  Brookfield, 
Mass.,  November  8,  1811. 

Upham,  Nathaniel,  a  Representative  from 
New  Hampshire;  born  in  Deerfield,  N.  H..  June 
9,  1774;  pursued  classical  studies;  member  of 
the  state  house  of  representatives;  elected  as  a 
Democrat  to  the  Fifteenth,  Sixteenth,  and  Sev- 
enteenth Congresses  (March  4,  1817-March  3, 
1823)  ;  died  in  Rochester,  N.  H.,  July  10,  1829. 

Upham,  William,  a  Senator  from  Vermont: 
born  in  Leicester.  Mass.,  August  5,  1792 ;  moved 
with  his  father,  to  Vermont  in  1802 ;  was  gradu- 
ated from  the  University  of  Vermont;  studied 
law.  was  admitted  to  the  bar.  and  began  prac- 
tice in  Montpelier.  Vt.,  in  1812;  served  in  the 
state  house  of  representatives  in  1827-1828; 
state  attorney  for  Washington  county  in  1829; 
again  a  member  of  the  state  house  of  repre- 
sentatives in  1830;  elected  as  a  Whig  to  the 
United  States  Senate  in  1843;  reelected  in  1849 
and  served  from  March  4,  1843,  until  his  death 
in  Washington,  D.  C.,  January  14,  1853. 


1072 


CONGRESSIONAL   DIRECTORY. 


Upson,  Columbus,  a  Representative  from 
Texas ;  born  in  Onondaga  county,  N.  Y.,  Octo- 
ber 17,  1829;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the 
bar  in  Syracuse,  N.  Y.,  in  1851;  settled  in  San 
Antonio,  Tex.,  in  1854  and  engaged  in  the  prac- 
tice of  law ;  served  in  the  Confederate  army  as 
a  volunteer,  with  rank  of  colonel,  on  the  staff 
of  Gen.  W.  H.  C.  Whiting;  appointed  by  the 
Confederacy  associate  justice  of  Arizona  in 
1862;  Democratic  presidential  elector  in  1876; 
elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Forty-sixth  Con- 
gress, to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  the  death  of 
Gustave  Schleicher;  reelected  to  the  Forty- 
seventh  Congress  and  served  from  June  2,  1879, 
to  March  3,  1883;  resumed  the  practice  of  law. 

Dpson,  Charles,  a  Representative  from  Michi- 
gan ;  bom  in  Southington,  Conn.,  March  19, 
1821;  pursued  classical  studies;  taught  school 
in  Farmington,  Conn.;  studied  law  at  the  Yale 
law  school ;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1847, 
and  began  practice  in  St.  Joseph's  county,  Mich. ; 
elected  county  clerk  in  1848;  prosecuting  attor- 
ney two  years ;  member  of  the  state  senate  1855- 
1856;  moved  to  Coldwater,  Mich.,  in  1856,  and 
practiced  law ;  elected  attorney  general  of  Michi- 
gan in  1861  and  1862 ;  elected  as  a  Republican 
to  the  Thirty-eighth,  Thirty-ninth,  and  Fortieth 
Congresses  (March  4,  1863-March  3,  1869)  ; 
judge  of  the  fifteenth  circuit  court  from  1869 
until  his  resignation,  December  31,  1872;  mem- 
ber of  the  commission  to  revise  the  state  con- 
stitution in  1873;  declined  the  position  of  com- 
missioner of  Indian  affairs  in  1876 ;  died  in  Cold- 
water,  Mich.,  September,  1885. 

Upson,  William  Hanford,  a  Representative 
from  Ohio ;  born  in  Worthington,  Franklin 
county,  Ohio,  January  11,  1823;  pursued  classi- 
cal studies  and  was  graduated  from  Western 
Reserve  college  in  1842;  studied  law,  was  ad- 
mitted to  the  bar,  and  began  practice  in  Akron, 
Ohio;  member  of  the  state  senate  1854-1855; 
elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Forty-first  and 
Forty-second  Congresses  (March  4,  1869-March 
3,  1873)  ;  appointed  associate  justice  of  the  su- 
preme court  of  Ohio  in  1883;  elected  judge  of 
the  circuit  court  of  Ohio  in  1884,  and  served 
till  1894 ;  died  in  Akron,  Ohio,  April  13,  1911. 

Upton,  Charles  Horace,  a  Representative 
from  Virginia ;  born  in  Belfast,  Me.,  August  23, 
1812;  was  graduated  from  Bowdoin  college  in 
1834 ;  moved  to  Falls  Church,  Va. ;  held  several 
local  offices;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the 
Thirty-seventh  Congress  (March  '4,  1861-March 
3,  1863)  ;  United  States  consul  to  Geneva, 
Switzerland;  died  in  Geneva,  Switzerland,  June 
17, 1877. 

Urner,  Milton  G.,  a  Representative  from 
Maryland ;  born  in  Liberty  District,  Frederick 
county.  Md.,  July  29,  1839;  attended  the  com- 
mon schools,  and  Freeland  seminary,  Montgom- 
ery county,  Pa.,  also  Dickinson  seminary,  Wil- 
liamsport,  Pa.;  taught  school;  studied  law,  and 
was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1863;  elected  state 
attorney  for  his  native  county  in  1871,  serving 
four  years ;  Republican  presidential  elector  at 
large  for  Maryland  in  1876;  elected  as  a  Repub- 
lican to  the  Forty-sixth  and  Forty-seventh  Con- 
gresses (March  4,  1879-March  3,  1883). 

Vail,  George,  a  Representative  from  New  Jer- 
sey; born  in  Morristown,  N.  J.,  July  21,  1809; 
completed  preparatory  studies;  attended  Morris 
academy  in  Morristown,  N.  J. ;  manufacturer  of 


telegraph  instruments?;  appointed  by  the  gov- 
ernor of  New  Jersey  to  represent  the  state  at 
the  world's  fair  in  London,  England,  in  1851 ; 
elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Thirty-third  and 
Thirty-fourth  Congresses  (March  4.  1853-March 
3,  1857)  ;  United  States  consul  to  Glasgow,  Eng- 
land, 1858-1861;  returned  to  this  country  and 
settled  in  Morristown,  N.  J. ;  member  of  the 
court  of  pardons ;  judge  of  the  New  Jersey  court 
of  errors  and  appeals ;  died  in  Morristown,  N.  J., 
May  23,  1875. 

Vail,  Henry,  a  Representative  from  New 
York ;  a  native  of  New  York ;  elected  as  a  Demo- 
crat to  the  Twenty-fifth  Congress  (March  4, 
1837-March  3,  1839)  ;  died  in  Troy,  N.  Y.,  June 
25,  1833. 

Valentine,  Edward  K.,  a  Representative  from 
Nebraska ;  born  in  Keosauqua,  Van  Buren 
county,  Iowa,  June  1,  1843 ;  attended  the  com- 
mon schools ;  enlisted  in  the  Union  army  for  the 
Civil  war  in  the  sixty-seventh  Illinois  infantry ; 
promoted  to  second  lieutenant  and  honorably 
discharged ;  in  the  spring  of  1863  reenlisted  as 
a  private  in  the  seventh  Iowa  cavalry ;  pro- 
moted to  adjutant  of  the  regiment  and  served 
until  June,  1866,  having  been  twice  breveted  for 
"  efficient  and  meritorious  services  " ;  located  in 
Nebraska  in  1866;  appointed  register  of  the 
United  States  land  office  in  Omaha  in  1869; 
studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  prac- 
ticed ;  elected  judge  of  the  sixth  judicial  dis- 
trict in  1875 ;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the 
Forty-sixth,  Forty-seventh,  and  Forty-eighth 
Congresses  (March  4,  1879-March  3,  1885)  ;  died 
in  West  Point,  Nebr. 

Valk,  William  W.,  a  Representative  from 
New  York ;  a  native  of  South  Carolina  ;  moved 
to  Flushing,  N.  Y. ;  held  several  local  offices ; 
elected  as  an  American  to  the  Thirty-fourth  Con- 
gress (March  4,  1855-March  3,  1857). 

Vallandig-ham,  Clement  Laird,  a  Representa- 
tive from  Ohio;  born  in  New  Lisbon,  Columbi- 
ana  county.  Ohio,  July  29,  1820;  attended  a 
classical  school  conducted  by  his  father  and 
Jefferson  college,  Canonsburg,  Pa. ;  moved  to 
Maryland  and  for  two  years  preceptor  of  Union 
academy,  in  Snow  Hill :  removed  to  New  Lisbon. 
Ohio,  in  1840;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the 
bar  in  1842,  and  began  practice  in  Dayton, 
Ohio ;  member  of  the  state  legislature  1845- 
1846;  edited  the  Daily  Empire  1847-1849; 
delegate  to  the  Democratic  national  convention 
in  Cincinnati  in  1856;  successfully  contested,  as 
a  Democrat,  the  election  of  Lewis  D.  Campbell 
to  the  Thirty-fifth  Congress;  reelected  to  the 
Thirty-sixth  and  Thirty-seventh  Congresses,  and 
served  from  May  25.  1858,  to  March  3,  1863 :  de- 
feated for  reelection  to  the  Thirty-eighth  Con- 
gress; arrested  by  the  Union  military  authori- 
ties in  1863  for  treasonable  utterance  and  ban- 
ished to  the  Confederacy ;  went  from  Wilming- 
ton to  Bermuda  and  thence  to  Canada,  where  he 
remained  until  after  the  war;  during  his  exile 
was  defeated  as  the  Democratic  candidate  for 
governor  of  Ohio;  delegate  to  the  Democratic 
national  convention  in  Chicago  in  1864  and  in 
New  York  in  1868;  unsuccessful  candidate  for 
United  States  Senator  in  1868;  died  in  Lebanon, 
Ohio,  June  17.  1871. 

Van  Aernam,  Henry,  a  Representative  from 
New  York;  born  in  Marcellus,  N.  Y.,  March  13, 
1819 ;  pursued  an  academic  course ;  studied  med- 


BIOGKAPHIES. 


1073 


icine  at  the  Geneva  and  Willoughby  medical 
colleges  and  practiced ;  member  of  the  state  leg- 
islature in  1858;  surgeon  in  the  Uuion  army 
1862-1864;  elected  to  the  Thirty-ninth  and  For- 
tieth Congresses  (March  4,  1865-March  3, 
1869);  Commissioner  of  Pensions  1869-1871; 
elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Forty-sixth  and 
Forty-seventh  Congresses  (March  4,  1879-March 

3,  1883)  ;  resumed  the  practice  of  his  profession 
in  Franklinville,  N.  Y.,  and  died  there,  June  1, 
1894. 

Van  Allen,  James  Q.,  a  Representative  from 
New  York ;  a  native  of  Rensselaer  county,  N.  Y. ; 
attended  the  public  schools;  member  of  the 
state  house  of  representatives  in  1804 ;  elected 
to  the  Tenth  Congress  (March  4,  1807-March  3, 
1809). 

Van  Allen,  John  E.,  a  Representative  from 
New  York ;  a  native  of  Rensselaer  county,  N.  Y. ; 
completed  preparatory  studies ;  elected  to  the 
Third,  Fourth,  and  Fifth  Congresses  (March  4, 
1793-March  3,  1799)  ;  member  of  the  state  house 
of  representatives  1800-1801. 

Van  Alstyne,  Thomas  Jefferson,  a  Repre- 
sentative from  New  York ;  born  in  Richmond- 
ville,  Schoharie  county,  N.  Y.,  July  25,  1827; 
attended  the  common  schools  and  Moravia  acad- 
emy, Hartwick  seminary,  and  was  graduated 
from  Hamilton  college  in  1848 ;  studied  law  in 
Albany  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1849 ; 
judge  of  Albany  county  1871-1882 ;  elected  as  a 
Democrat  to  the  Forty-eighth  Congress  (March 

4,  1883-March  3,  1885)  ;  mayor  of  Albany,  N.  Y., 
1898-1900;  died  in  Albany,  N.  Y.,  October  26, 
1903. 

Van  Auken,  Daniel  Myers,  a  Representative 
from  Pennsylvania ;  born  in  Pike  county,  Pa., 
January  15,  1826;  pursued  classical  studies; 
studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  began 
practice  in  Milford.  Pa. ;  prosecuting  attorney  of 
Pike  county  1855-1859 ;  elected  as  a  Democrat 
to  the  Fortieth  and  Forty-first  Congresses 
(March  4,  1867-March  3,  1871)  ;  resumed  the 
practice  of  law  in  Milford,  Pa. ;  served  as  dis- 
trict attorney  1893-1896;  died  in  Milford,  Pa., 
November  7,  1908. 

Van  Buren,  John,  a  Representative  from  New 
York;  born  in  Kingston,  N.  Y.,  May  13,  1799; 
studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  began 
practice  in  Kingston,  N.  Y. ;  member  of  the  state 
assembly  1831;  judge  of  Ulster  county  1836- 
1841 ;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Twenty- 
seventh  .  Congress  (March  4,  1841-March  3, 
1843;  district  attorney  1846;  died  in  Kingston, 
N.  Y.,  January  16,  1855. 

Van  Buren,  Martin,  a  Senator  from  New 
York ;  born  in  Kinderhook,  N.  Y.,  December  5, 
1782;  attended  the  district  schools  and  Kinder- 
hook  academy ;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the 
bar  in  New  York  City,  and  in  1803  began  practice 
in  Kinderhook,  N.  Y. ;  moved  to  Hudson,  N.  Y., 
in  1809 ;  surrogate  of  Columbia  county ;  member 
of  the  state  senate  1813-1820 ;  attorney  general 
of  New  York  1815-1819;  delegate  to  the  state 
constitutional  convention  in  1821;  elected  as  a 
Democrat  to  the  United  States  Senate ;  reelected 
in  1827  and  served  from  March  4,  1821,  to  1828, 
when  he  resigned  to  become  governor  of  New 
York ;  resigned  March  12,  1829,  to  become  Secre- 
tary of  State  of  the  United  States,  and  resigned 
August  1,  1831,  having  been  appointed  minister 

50346°— S.  Doc.  654.  61-2 68 


to  Great  Britain,  but  the  Senate  rejected  the 
nomination ;  elected  Vice  President  in  1832 ; 
elected  President  of  the  United  States  in  1836; 
defeated  as  the  Democratic  candidate  in  1840 
for  reelection;  the  antislavery  candidate  for 
President  in  1848;  died  in  Kinderhook,  N.  Y., 
July  24,  1862. 

Van  Cortlandt,  Philip,  a  Representative  from 
New  York;  born  in  New  York  City,  August  21. 
1749;  pursued  classical  studies;  attended  Cold- 
enhaui  academy,  and  was  graduated  from  Co- 
lumbia college  in  1758 ;  became  a  civil  engineer ; 
served  in  the  Revolutionary  army  and  mustered 
out  of  the  service  as  brigadier  general ;  dele- 
gate to  the  state  convention  which  adopted  the 
Federal  Constitution  in  1788;  member  of  the 
state  assembly  1788-1790;  served  in  the  state 
senate  1791-1793;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the 
Third,  and  to  the  seven  succeeding  Congresses 
(March  4,  1793-March  3,  1809;  died  in  Van 
Cortlandt  Manor,  Groton,  N.  Y.,  November  1, 
1831. 

Van  Cortlandt,  Jr.,  Pierre,  a  Representative 
from  New  York;  born  in  Van  Cortlandt  Manor, 
Groton,  N.  Y.,  August  29,  1762;  attended  the 
common  schools  and  was  graduated  from  Rutgers 
college,  New  Brunswick,  N.  J. ;  studied  law  in  the 
office  of  Alexander  Hamilton,  and  was  admitted  to 
bar;  member  of  the  state  assembly  1811-1812; 
elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Twelfth  Congress 
(March  4,  1811-March  3,  1813)  ;  presidential 
elector  on  the  Jefferson  ticket  in  1800  and  on 
the  Harrison  ticket  in  1840;  died  in  Peekskill, 
N.  Y.,  July  13,  1848. 

Van  Duzer,  Clarence  Dunn,  a  Representative 
from  Nevada;  born  near  Mountain  City,  Nev., 
May  4,  1866;  attended  the  public  schools  and 
was  graduated  from  the  State  University  of 
Nevada  in  1889  and  Georgetown  law  college 
in  1893;  was  admitted  to  practice  in  the  su- 
preme court  of  the  District  of  Columbia  in  1893 ; 
appointed  by  the  governor  of  Nevada  in  1892 
state  land  agent,  to  reside  in  Washington  city ; 
engaged  in  mining;  elected  district  attorney  of 
Humboldt  county  in  1898;  elected  to  the  s'tate 
house  of  representatives  in  1900  and  served  as 
speaker ;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Fifty- 
eighth  and  Fifty -ninth  Congresses  (March  4, 
1903-March  3,  1907)  ;  resumed  mining  opera- 
tions in  Nevada ;  a  resident  of  Gold  Range,  Nev. 

Van  Dyke,  John,  a  Representative  from  New 
Jersey;  born  in  Lamington,  N.  J.,  April  3, 
1807;  completed  preparatory  studies;  studied 
law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1836,  and  began 
practice  in  New  Brunswick,  N.  J. ;  mayor  of  New 
Brunswick  1846-1847;  elected  as  a  Whig  to  the 
Thirtieth  and  Thirty-first  Congresses  (March  4, 
1847-March  3,  1851)  ;  judge  of  the  New  Jersey 
supreme  court  1859-1866 ;  member  of  the  state 
senate ;  moved  to  Minnesota  in  1868 ;  judge  of 
the  third  judicial  district;  died  in  Wabasha, 
Minn.,  December  24,  1878. 

Van  Dyke,  Nicholas,  a  Delegate  from  Dela- 
ware; born  in  Newcastle  county,  Del.,  Septem- 
ber 25,  1738;  studied  law  in  Philadelphia.  Pa., 
was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1765,  and  practiced 
in  New  Castle  county;  deputy  to  the  state  con- 
stitutional convention  of  July,  1776 :  Delegate  to 
the  Continental  Congress  1777-1782;  signer  of 
the  articles  of  confederation ;  member  of  the 
commission  of  five  to  consider  the  admission  of 
New  Hampshire  into  the  Union  in  1781 ;  member 


1074 


CONGRESSIONAL   DIEECTORY. 


of  the  council  of  Delaware  in  1777,  and  sewed 
as  its  speaker  in  1779 ;  appointed  judge  of  ad- 
miralty February  21,  1777;  served  as  president 
of  Delaware  from  February  1,  1783,  until  his 
death  in  New  Castle  county,  Del.,  February  19, 
1789. 

Van  Dyke,  Nicholas,  a  Representative  and  a 
Senator  from  Delaware;  born  in  New  Castle, 
Del.,  December  20,  1769;  was  graduated  from 
Princeton  college  in  1788 ;  studied  law,  was  ad- 
mitted to  the  bar  in  New  Castle,  Del.,  in  April, 
1792;  member  of  the  state  legislature  in  1799; 
elected  as  a  Federalist  to  the  Tenth  and  Eleventh 
Congresses  (March  4,  1807-March  3,  1811)  ; 
served  in  the  state  senate  1815-1817 ;  elected  to 
the  United  States  Senate  in  1817 ;  reelected  in 
1823,  and  served  from  March  4,  1817,  until  his 
death  in  New  Castle,  Del.,  May  21,  1826. 

Van  Eaton,  Henry  S.,  a  Representative  from 
Mississippi ;  born  in  Hamilton  county,  Ohio, 
September  14,  1826;  was  graduated  from  Illi- 
nois college;  moved  to  Woodville,  Miss.,  in 
1848 ;  taught  school ;  studied  law  and  was  ad- 
mitted to  the  bar;  elected  district  attorney  in 
1858 ;  member  of  the  state  legislature  in  1859 ; 
enlisted  in  the  Confederate  army  and  served 
during  the  Civil  war ;  resumed  the  practice  of 
law;  appointed  chancellor  of  the  Tenth  Missis- 
sippi district  in  1880;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to 
the  Forty-eighth  and  Forty-ninth  Congresses 
(March  4.  1883-March  3,  1887)  ;  died  May  30, 
1893. 

Van  Gaasbeck,  Peter,  a  Representative  from 
New  York ;  born  in  Ulster  county,  N.  Y. ;  elected 
to  the  Third  Congress  (March  4,  1793-March  3, 
1795). 

Van  Horn,  Burt,  a  Representative  from  New 
York;  born  in  Newfane,  Niagara  county,  N.  Y., 
October  28,  1823;  attended  Yates  academy  in 
Orleans  county  and  Colgate  university  of  New 
York ;  engaged  in  fruit  growing ;  member  of  the 
state  assembly  1858-1860;  elected  as  a  Republi- 
can to  the  Thirty-seventh  Congress  (March  4, 
1861-March  3,  1863)  ;  reelected  to  the  Thirty- 
ninth  and  Fortieth  Congresses  (March  4,  1865- 
March  3,  1869)  ;  engaged  in  real  estate  business; 
died  in  Lockport,  N.  Y.,  April  1,  1876. 

Van  Horn,  George,  a  Representative  from 
New  York ;  born  in  Otsego  county,  N.  Y.,  Feb- 
ruary 5.  1850 ;  attended  the  common  schools, 
the  Cooperstown  seminary,  and  the  New  Berlin 
academy;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the 
bar  in  February,  1871,  and  practiced  in  Coopers- 
town,  N.  Y. ;  elected  clerk  of  Otsego  county  in 
1881,  and  reelected  in  1884 ;  twice  elected  super- 
visor of  Otsego ;  member  of  the  Democratic 
county  committee ;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the 
Fifty-second  Congress  (March  4,  1891-March  3, 
1893)  ;  died  in  Cooperstowu,  N.  Y.,  May  3,  1904. 

Van  Horn,  Robert  Thompson,  a  Representa- 
tive from  Missouri ;  born  in  East  Mahoning, 
Indiana  county,  Pa.,  May  19,  1824 ;  attended  the 
common  schools ;  apprenticed  to  a  printer ; 
moved  to  Ohio  in  1844,  and  in  1855  settled  in 
Kansas  City,  Mo. ;  established  the  Kansas  City 
Journal ;  elected  mayor  of  Kansas  City  in  1861 
and  again  in  1865;  enlisted  in  the  Union  Army 
during  the  Civil  war  and  was  lieutenant  colonel 
of  the  twenty-fifth  Missouri  volunteer  infantry ; 
member  of  the  state  senate  1862-1864 ;  elected 
as  a  Republican  to  the  Thirty-ninth,  Fortieth, 
and  Forty-first  Congresses  (March  4,  1865- 


March  3,  1871)  ;  collector  of  internal  revenue  of 
the  sixth  district  of  Missouri  1875-1881;  dele- 
gate to  the  Republican  national  conventions  of 
1864,  1868,  1872,  1876,  and  1880 ;  reelected  as  a 
Republican  to  the  Forty-seventh  Congress 
(March  4,  1881-March  3,  1883)  ;  successfully 
contested  the  election  of  John  C.  Tarsney  to  the 
Fifty-fourth  Congress,  and  served  from  Febru- 
ary 27,  1896,  to  March  3,  1897;  resides  in  Kan- 
sas City,  Mo. 

Van  Home,  Archibald,  a  Representative 
from  Maryland ;  elected  to  the  Tenth  and  Elev- 
enth Congresses  (March  4,  1807-March  3,  1811). 

Van  Home,  Espy,  a  Representative  from 
Pennsylvania ;  born  in  Lycoming  county,  Pa. ; 
elected  to  the  Nineteenth  and  Twentieth  Con- 
gresses (March  4,  1825-March  3,  1829)  ;  died  in 
Williamsport,  Pa.,  June  25,  1829. 

Van  Home,  Isaac,  a  Representative  from 
Pennsylvania ;  born  in  Bucks  county,  Pa.,  Janu- 
ary 13,  1754 ;  served  in  the  Revolutionary  Army ; 
elected  to  the  Seventh  and  Eighth  Congresses 
(March  4,  1801-March  3.  1805)  ;  receiver  of 
public  moneys  in  Zanesville,  Ohio,  1805-1826 ; 
died  in  Zauesville,  Ohio,  February  2,  1834. 

Van  Houton,  Isaac  B.,  a  Representative  from 
New  York;  a  native  of  Rockland  county,  N.  Y. ; 
elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Twenty-third  Con- 
gress (March  4,  1833-March  3,  1835)  ;  died  in 
Clarkstown,  N.  Y  . 

Van  Ness,  John  Peter,  a  Representative  from 
New  York ;  born  in  Ghent,  N.  Y.,  in  1770 ;  com- 
pleted preparatory  studies  and  attended  Colum- 
bia college;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the 
bar,  but  never  practiced ;  elected  as  a  Democrat 
to  the  Seventh  Congress;  lost  his  seat  in  Con- 
gress by  accepting  the  position  as  major  of  the 
Militia  of  the  District  of  Columbia  January  17, 
1803 ;  elected  mayor  of  Washington,  D.  C. ;  held 
several  local  positions;  died  in  Washington, 
D.  C.,  March  7,  1847. 

Van  Bensselaer,  Henry,  a  Representative 
from  New  York;  born  in  Albany,  N.  Y.,  in  1810; 
was  graduated  from  WTest  Point  Military  Acad- 
emy in  1831 ;  commissioned  brevet  second  lieu- 
tenant of  the  fifth  United  States  infantry  July 
tl,  1831,  and  resigned  January  27,  1832 ;  engaged 
in  agriculture  pursuits  near  Ogdensbnrg.  N.  Y. ; 
elected  as  a  Whig  to  the  Twenty-seventh  Con- 
gress (March  4.  1841-March  3,  1843)  ;  served  in 
the  Union  army  as  a  colonel ;  died  in  Cincin- 
nati, Ohio,  March  23,  1864. 

Van  Bensselaer,  Jeremiah,  a  Representative 
from  New  York ;  born  in  New  York  in  1741 : 
was  graduated  from  Princeton  college  in  1758; 
took  an  active  interest  in  the  Revolutionary 
war;  elected  to  the  First  Congress  (March  4, 
1789-March  3,  1791)  ;  presidential  elector  in 
1801;  lieutenant-governor  of  New  York  1801- 
1804 ;  died  in  Albany,  N.  Y.,  February  22,  1810. 

Van  Rensselaer,  Killian  K.,  a  Representative 
from  New  York;  born  in  Greenbush,  Rensselaer 
county,  N.  Y.,  June  9.  1763:  completed  pro] or- 
atory studies  and  attended  Yale  college ;  studied 
law  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar ;  private  secre- 
tary to  Gen.  Schuyler ;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to 
the  Seventh,  Eighth,  Ninth,  Tenth,  and  Eleventh 
Congresses  (March  4.  1801-March  3, 1811)  ;  died 
in  Albany,  N.  Y.,  June  18,  1845. 


BIOGRAPHIES. 


1075 


Van  Rensselaer,  Solomon,  a  Representative 
from  New  York,  born  in  Rensselaer  county. 
N.  Y.,  August  6.  1774 ;  completed  preparatory 
studies ;  entered  the  United  States  Army ;  pro- 
moted to  captain  of  a  volunteer  company;  again 
promoted  to  major  January  8.  1799,  and  mus- 
tored  out  in  June,  1800;  adjutant-general  of 
state  militia  in  1801.  1810,  and  1813;  served  in 
the  war  of  1812  as  lieutenant-colonel  of  New 
York  volunteers;  elected  as  a  Federalist  to  the 
Sixteenth  and  Seventeenth  Congresses  and 
served  from  March  4,  1819,  to  January  14,  1822, 
when  he  resigned ;  postmaster  at  Albany,  N.  Y., 
1823-1839 ;  delegate  from  New  York  at  the  open- 
ing of  the  Erie  Canal  November  4,  1825;  died 
near  Albany,  N.  Y.,  April  23,  1852. 

Van  Rensselaer,  Stephen,  a  Representative 
from  New  York ;  born  in  New  York  City,  No- 
vember 1,  1764;  attended  Princeton  college  and 
was  graduated  from  Harvard  college  in  1782; 
member  of  the  state  assembly  1789-1791  and 
1798;  served  in  the  state  senate  1791-1796; 
elected  lieutenant-governor  of  New  York  in 
1795;  major  of  militia  in  1786,  colonel  in  1788, 
and  major-general  in  1801 ;  major-general  of 
volunteers  in  the  war  of  1812;  member  of  the 
canal  commission  1816-1839,  and  served  four- 
teen years  as  its  president ;  reelected  to  the  state 
assembly  in  1818;  member  of  the  state  constitu- 
tional convention  of  1821 ;  elected  as  an  Adams 
man  to  the  Seventeenth  Congress,  to  fill  vacancy 
caused  by  the  resignation  of  Solomon  Van  Rens- 
selaer ;  reelected  to  the  Eighteenth,  Nineteenth, 
and  Twentieth  Congresses,  and  served  from 
March  12.  1822.  to  March  3,  1829;  died  in  Al- 
bany, N.  Y.,  January  26,  1839. 

Van  Schaick,  Isaac  W.,  a  Representative 
from  Wisconsin ;  born  in  Coxsackie,  Greene 
county,  N.  Y.,  December  7,  1817 ;  attended  the 
common  schools ;  engaged  in  the  manufacture  of 
flour;  moved  to  Wisconsin  in  1861;  elected  to 
the  Milwaukee  common  council  in  1871 ;  member 
of  the  state  assembly  1872-1874;  served  in  the 
state  senate  1877-1878,  1879-1880,  and  1881- 
1882;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Forty-ninth 
Congress  (March  4,  1885-March  3.  1887)  ;  re- 
elected  to  the  Fifty-first  Congress  (March  4, 
1889-March  3,  1891)  ;  died  August  22,  1901. 

Van  Trump,  Philadelph,  a  Representative 
from  Ohio ;  born  in  Lancaster,  Ohio,  November 
15,  1810 ;  completed  preparatory  studies :  editor 
of  the  Lancaster  Gazette  and  Enquirer;  dele- 
gate to  the  Whig  national  convention  in  1852 ; 
president  of  the  Bell  and  Everett  state  conven- 
tion in  1860 ;  judge  of  the  court  of  common  pleas 
1862-1866;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  For- 
tieth, Forty-first,  and  Forty-second  Congresses 
(March  4,  1867-March  3,  1873). 

Van  Valkenburg1,  Robert  Bruce,  a  Repre- 
sentative from  New  York;  born  in  Prattsburg, 
Steuben  county,  N.  Y.,  September  4,  1821 ;  com- 
pleted preparatory  studies ;  studied  law,  was  ad- 
mitted to  the  bar,  and  began  practice  in  Bath, 
N.  Y. ;  member  of  the  state  assembly  in  1852, 
1857,  and  1858;  in  command  of  the  recruiting 
depot  in  Elmira,  N.  Y.,  and  organized  seventeen 
regiments  for  the  civil  war;  elected  as  a  Repub- 
lican to  the  Thirty-seventh  and  Thirty-eighth 
Congresses  (March  4,  1861-March  3,  1865)  ;  took 
the  field  as  colonel  of  the  one  hundred  and  sev- 
enth regiment  of  New  York  volunteers,  and 
was  its  commander  at  the  battle  of  Antietam ; 


appointed  acting  commissioner  of  Indian  affairs 
in  1865;  United  States  minister  to  Japan  1866- 
1869 ;  returned  and  became  a  resident  of  Florida ; 
associate  justice  of  the  state  supreme  court  until 
his  death  in  Suwauee  Springs,  Fla.,  August  2, 
1888. 

Van  Voorhis,  Henry  Clay,  a  Representative 
from  Ohio ;  born  in  Licking  township,  Muskin- 
guin  county,  Ohio,  May  11,  1852;  attended  the 
public  schools  and  Denison  university ;  was  ad- 
mitted to  the  bar  in  1874,  and  practiced  in 
Zanesville,  Ohio;  delegate  to  the  Republican 
national  convention  in  Chicago  in  1884 ;  elected 
as  a  Republican  to  Fifty-third,  and  to  the  five 
succeeding  Congresses  (March  4,  1893-March  3, 
1905)  ;  engaged  in  the  banking  business  and  re- 
sides in  Zanesville,  Ohio. 

Van  Voorhis,  John,  a  Representative  from 
New  York ;  born  in  Decatur,  Otsego  county, 
N.  Y.,  October  22,  1826;  pursued  an  academic 
course;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar, 
and  practiced  in  Rochester,  N.  Y. ;  member  of 
the  board  of  education  in  1857 ;  city  attorney  in 
1859;  appointed  collector  of  internal  revenue  in 
1862;  delegate  to  the  Republican  national  con- 
vention in  Baltimore  in  1864 ;  elected  as  a  Re- 
publican to  the  Forty-sixth  and  Forty-seventh 
Congresses  (March  4,  1879-March  3,  1883)  ;  re- 
elected  to  the  Fifty-third  Congress  (March  4, 
1893-March  3,  1895)  ;  resumed  the  practice  of 
law  in  Rochester,  N.  Y.,  and  died  there,  October 
20,  1905. 

Van  Vorhes,  Nelson  Holmes,  a  Representa- 
tive from  Ohio ;  born  in  Washington  county,  Pa., 
January  23,  1822;  moved  in  1832  to  Athens 
county,  Ohio ;  engaged  in  agricultural  pursuits ; 
an  apprentice  to  a  printer  for  six  years ;  member 
of  the  state  house  of  representatives  1850-1872 
and  served  four  years  as  speaker;  elected  pro- 
bate judge  in  1854,  but  resigned;  defeated  in 
1858  as  a  Whig  candidate  for  Congress;  dele- 
gate to  the  Republican  national  convention  in 
Chicago  in  1860;  entered  the  Union  army  as  a 
private  in  1861  and  was  mustered  out  as  colonel ; 
elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Forty-fourth  and 
Forty-fifth  Congresses  (March  4,  1875-March  3, 
1879)  ;  died  in  Athens,  Ohio,  December  4,  1882. 

Van  Winkle,  Marshall,  a  Representative 
from  New  Jersey;  born  in  Jersey  City,  N.  J., 
September  28,  1869;  attended  the  puWic  schools; 
studied  law,  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar;  ap- 
pointed counsel  to  the  county  tax  board,  but 
resigned ;  assistant  prosecutor  of  the  pleas  of 
Hudson  county,  N.  J. ;  resumed  the  practice  of 
law ;  defeated  for  Congress  in  1900 ;  elected  as 
a  Republican  to  the  Fifty -ninth  Congress  ( March 
4,  1805-March  3,  1907)  ;  resumed  the  practice  of 
law  in  Jersey  City,  N.  J. 

Van  Winkle,  Peter  Godwin,  a  Senator  from 
West  Virginia ;  born  in  New  York  City,  Septem- 
ber 7,  1808;  completed  preparatory  studies; 
studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  in 
1835  began  practice  in  Parkersburg,  Va. ;  aban- 
doned his  profession  and  became  treasurer  and 
later  president  of  a  railroad  company  in  1852; 
member  of  the  Virginia  constitutional  conven- 
tion in  1850 ;  member  of  the  Wheeling  reorgani- 
zation convention  in  1861 ;  member  of  the  West 
Virginia  constitutional  convention  which  framed 
the  constitution  of  West  Virginia ;  served  in  the 
state  house  of  representatives  in  1863;  elected 
as  a  Union  man  to  the  United  States  Senate  and 


1076 


CONGRESSIONAL   DIRECTORY. 


served  from  March  4.  1863,  to  March  3,  1869; 
delegate  to  the  Loyalist's  convention  at  Phila- 
delphia, Pa.,  in  1866;  died  in  Parkersburg, 
W.  Va.,  April  15,  1872. 

Van  Wyck,  Charles  Henry,  a  Representative 
from  New  York  and  a  Senator  from  Nebraska; 
born  in  Poughkeepsie,  N.  Y.,  May  10,  1824 ;  was 
graduated  from  Rutgers  college,  New  Bruns- 
wick, N.  J. ;  studied  law  and  was  admitted  to 
the  bar  in  1847 ;  moved  to  Sullivan  county ;  dis- 
trict attorney  from  1850  to  1856;  elected  as  a 
Republican  from  New  York  to  the  Thirty-sixth 
and  Thirty-seventh  Congresses  (March  4,  1859- 
March  3,  1863)  ;  entered  the  Union  army  as 
colonel  of  the  Tenth  Legion,  or  Fifty-sixth  New 
York  volunteers,  and  commanded  it  during  the 
civil  war;  breveted  brigadier-general  for  serv- 
ices during  the  war ;  reelected  from  New  York 
to  the  Fortieth  and  Forty -first  Congresses 
(March  4,  1867-March  3,  1871)  ;  moved  to 
Nebraska  in  1871,  and  engaged  in  agricultural 
pursuits;  delegate  to  the  state  constitutional 
convention  in  1876;  member  of  the  state  senate 
1876-1880 ;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  United 
State  Senate  and  served  from  March  4,  1881,  to 
March  3,  1887;  unsuccessful  candidate  for  re- 
election ;  defeated  as  the  Populist  candidate  for 
governor  of  Nebraska  in  1892 ;  died  in  Washing- 
ton, D.  C.,  October  24,  1895. 

Van  Wyck,  William  W.,  a  Representative 
from  New  York;  born  near  Fishkill,  Dutchess 
county,  N.  Y.,  August  9,  1777;  attended  public 
schools  and  Fishkill  academy ;  engaged  in  farm- 
ing; elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Seventeenth 
and  Eighteenth  Congresses  (March  4,  1821- 
March  3,  1825)  ;  moved  to  Studley,  Fairfax 
county,  Va.,  and  engaged  in  planting;  returned 
to  Dutchess  county,  N.  Y.,  and  died  in  Fishkill, 
N.  Y.,  August  27,  1840. 

Vance,  John,  a  Representative  from  Ohio;  a 
native  of  Pennsylvania  ;  moved  to  Urbana.  Ohio ; 
elected  to  the  Seventeenth  Congress  (March  4, 
1821-March  3,  1823). 

Vance,  John  Luther,  a  Representative  from 
Ohio;  born  in  Gallipolis.  Ohio,  July  19,  1839; 
attended  the  public  schools ;  studied  law,  was 
admitted  to  the  bar,  and  began  practice  in  Galli- 
polis, Ohio ;  enlisted  in  the  Union  army  in  1861 
and  served  as  captain,  and  in  December,  1864, 
was  mustered  out  of  the  service  as  commandant 
of  his  regiment ;  established  the  Gallipolis  Bul- 
letin in  1867;  delegate  to  the  Democratic  na- 
tional convention  in  Baltimore  in  1872;  elected 
as  a  Democrat  to  the  Forty-fourth  Congress 
(March  4,  1875-March  3,  1877)  ;  defeated  for  re- 
election; a  resident  of  Columbus,  Ohio. 

Vancg,  Joseph,  a  Representative  from  Ohio; 
born  in  Washington  county,  Pa.,  March  21. 
1786;  moved  with  his  father  to  Kentucky  in 
1788,  and  from  there  to  Urbana,  Ohio;  captain 
of  a  rifle  company  in  1809 ;  member  of  the  state 
house  of  representatives  1812-1814,  1815-1816, 
and  1819-1820;  delegate  to  the  state  constitu- 
tional convention  in  1820;  engaged  in  the  mer- 
cantile business  in'.Urbana  and  Perrysburg,  Ohio ; 
laid  out  the  city  of  Findlay ;  elected  as  a  Demo- 
crat to  the  Eighteenth,  and  to  the  five  succeed- 
ing Congresses  (March  4,  1823-March  3,  1835)  ; 
governor  of  Ohio  1836-1838 ;  defeated  for  reelec- 
tion ;  reelected  as  a  Whig  to  the  Twenty-eighth 
and  Twenty-ninth  Congresses  (March  4,  1843- 
March  3,  1847) ;  delegate  to  the  Whig  national 


convention  in  1848;  delegate  to  the  state  con- 
stitutional convention  in  1850 ;  died  near  Ur- 
bana, Ohio,  August  24,  1852. 

Vance,  Robert  Brank,  a  Representative  from 
North  Carolina ;  born  in  Buncombe  county. 
N.  C. ;  moved  to  Nashville,  Nash  county,  N.  C. ; 
attended  the  common  schools;  held  several  local 
positions;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Eight- 
eenth Congress  (March  4,  1823-March  3,  1825). 

Vance,  Robert  Brank,  a  Representative  from 
North  Carolina ;  born  in  Buncombe  county. 
N.  C.,  April  24,  1828;  attended  the  common 
schools;  clerk  of  the  court  of  pleas  and  quarter 
sessions  1848-1856 ;  elected  captain  of  a  com- 
pany in  the  Confederate  army  during  the  Civil 
war ;  twice  elected  colonel  of  the  twenty -ninth 
North  Carolina  regiment,  and  appointed  briga- 
dier general  in  1863;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to 
the  Forty-third,  and  to  the  five  succeeding  con- 
gresses (March  4,  1873-March  3,  1885)  ;  ap- 
pointed United  States  commissioner  of  patents 
in  1885;  died  in  Asheville,  N.  C.,  November  28. 
1899. 

Vance,  Robert  Johnstone,  a  Representative 
from  Connecticut ;  born  in  New  York  City 
March  15,  1854;  attended  the  common  schools; 
moved  to  New  Britain,  Conn.,  and  attended  the 
high  school;  city  clerk  of  New  Britain  from 
1878  to  1887,  when  he  resigned ;  member  of  the 
Connecticut  legislature  in  1886 ;  served  as  labor 
commissioner  1893-1895 ;  mayor  of  New  Britain, 
Conn.,  1896-181)7 ;  delegate  to  the  state  constitu- 
tional convention  in  1902;  elected  as  a  Demo- 
crat to  the  Fiftieth  Congress  (March  4,  1887- 
March  3,  1889)  ;  engaged  in  newspaper  work 
and  became  editor  of  the  New  Britain  Herald; 
died  in  Montreat,  N.  C.,  June  15,  1902. 

Vance,  Zebulon  Baird,  a  Representative  and  a 
Senator  from  North  Carolina  ;  born  in  Buncombe 
county,  N.  C.,  May  13,  1830 ;  attended  Washington 
college,  Tennessee,  and  the  University  of  North 
Carolina ;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar 
in  January,  1852,  and  commenced  practice  in 
Asheville,  N.  C. ;  elected  county  attorney  for 
Buncombe  county  in  1852 ;  member  of  the  state 
house  of  commons  in  1854;  elected  as  a  Demo- 
crat to  the  Thirty-fifth  Congress  to  fill  vacancy 
caused  by  the  resignation  of  Thomas  L.  Cl ing- 
man  ;  reelected  to  the  Thirty-sixth  Congress  and 
served  from  December  7,  1858,  to  March  3,  1861 ; 
entered  the  Confederate  army  as  captain  in 
May,  1861,  and  made  colonel  in  August,  1861 ; 
governor  of  North  Carolina  1862-1866;  member 
of  the  Democratic  national  convention  of  1868 ; 
elected  to  the  United  States  Senate  in  November, 
1870,  but  was  refused  admission  by  the  provi- 
sions of  the  fourteenth  amendment  and  resigned 
in  January,  1872;  unsuccessful  Democratic  can- 
didate to  the  United  States  Senate  in  1872 ; 
again  governor  of  North  Carolina  in  1876; 
elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  United  States  Sen- 
ate in  1879;  reelected  in  1884  and  1890,  and 
served  from  March  4,  1879,  until  his  death  in 
Asheville,  N.  C.,  April  14,  1894. 

Vanderpoel,  Aaron,  a  Representative  from 
New  York ;  born  in  Kinderhook,  Columbia  county, 
N.  Y.,  February  5,  1790 ;  pursued  classical  stud- 
ies; studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in 
1820,  and  began  practice  in  Kinderhook,  N.  Y. ; 
member  of  the  state  house  of  representatives 
1826-1830 ;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Twenty- 
third  and  Twenty-fourth  Congresses  (March  4, 


BIOGRAPHIES. 


1077 


1833-March  3,  1837)  ;  defeated  for  reelection  to 
the  Twenty-fifth  Congress;  reelected  to  the 
Twenty-sixth  Congress  (March  4,  1839-March  3, 
1841)  ;  retired  from  political  life  and  settled  in 
New  York  City;  judge  of  the  superior  court  in 
1842-1850 ;  died  in  New  York  City,  July  17,  1871. 

Vanderveer,  Abraham,  a  Representative  from 
New  York ;  born  in  Kings  county,  N.  Y.,  in  1781 ; 
attended  the  common  schools;  elected  as  a  Dem- 
ocrat to  the  Twenty -fifth  Congress  (March  4, 
1837-March  3,  1839)  ;  died  in  Brooklyn,  N.  Y., 
July  21,  1839. 

Vandever,  William,  a  Representative  from 
Iowa  and  California ;  born  in  Baltimore,  Md., 
March  31,  1817 ;  attended  the  common  schools 
and  pursued  an  academic  course;  moved  to 
Illinois  in  1839  and  to  Iowa  in  1851;  studied 
law  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1852 ;  elected 
as  a  Republican  from  Iowa  to  the  Thirty-sixth 
and  Thiry-seventh  Congresses  and  served  from 
March  4,  1S59,  to  September  24,  1861,  when  he 
was  mustered  into  the  Union  army  as  colonel  of 
the  ninth  regiment  Iowa  infantry ;  promoted  to 
brigadier  general  of  volunteers  in  1862,  and 
brevetted  a  major  general  in  1865;  resumed  his 
law  practice  in  Iowa ;  appointed  by  President 
Grant  United  States  Indian  inspector  in  1873 
and  served  four  years;  moved  to  San  Buena- 
ventura, Cal.,  in  1884;  elected  as  a  Republican 
from  California  to  the  Fiftieth  and  Fifty-first 
Congresses  (March  4,  1887-March  3,  1891)  ;  died 
in  Ventura,  Cal.,  July  23,  1893. 

Vandiver,  Willard  Duncan,  a  Representative 
from  Missouri ;  born  in  Hardy  county,  W.  Va., 
March  30,  1854 ;  attended  the  common  schools 
and  Central  college,  Fayette,  Mo. ;  elected  pro- 
fessor of  natural  science  in  Bellevue  institute 
and  later  became  its  president ;  accepted  the 
chair  of  science  in  the  state  normal  school  in 
Cape  Girardeau,  Mo.;  in  1889,  and  in  1893  be- 
came its  president;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the 
Fifty-fifth,  and  to  the  three  succeeding  Con- 
gresses (March  4,  1897-March  3,  1905). 

Vanmeter,  John  J.,  a  Representative  from 
Ohio ;  a  native  of  Ohio ;  elected  as  a  Whig  to 
the  Twenty-eighth  Congress  (March  4,  1843- 
March  3,  1845). 

Vansant,  Joshua,  a  Representative  from 
Maryland ;  born  in  Baltimore,  Md.,  in  1804 ;  com- 
pleted preparatory  studies ;  postmaster  of  Balti- 
more, Md.,  1839-1841 ;  member  of  the  state  house 
of  representatives  in  1845 ;  elected  as  a  Demo- 
crat to  the  Thirty-third  Congress  (March  4, 
1853«-March  3,  1855)  ;  member  of  the  state  con- 
stitutional convention ;  mayor  of  Baltimore  in 
1871-1875;  appointed  city  comptroller  of  Balti- 
more in  1876. 

Varnum,  James  Mitchell,  a  Delegate  from 
Rhode  Island ;  born  in  Dracut,  Mass.,  December 
17,  1748;  was  graduated  from  Brown  university, 
Warren,  R.  I.,  in  1769 ;  studied  law,  was  ad- 
mitted to  the  bar  in  1771,  and  began  practice 
in  East  Greenwich,  R.  I. ;  served  in  the  Revolu- 
tionary army,  and  was  colonel  of  the  "  Kentish 
Guards  "  in  1774,  and  of  Varnum's  Rhode  Island 
regiment  in  1775;  commissioned  colonel  of  the 
ninth  Continental  infantry  in  1776;  brigadier 
general  of  state  troops  December  12,  1776; 
brigadier  general  in  the  Continental  army  Feb- 
ruary 21,  1777  ;  was  honorably  discharged  March 
5,  1779 ;  appointed  major  general  of  state  militia 
in  May,  1779;  resumed  the  practice  of  law  in 


East  Greenwich,  Conn.;  sat  in  the  Continental 
Congress  1780-1782  and  1786-1787;  appointed  a 
judge  of  the  United  States  court  in  the  North- 
west territory  and  moved  to  Marietta,  Ohio,  in 
1788,  and  died  there  January  10,  1789. 

Varnum,  John,  a  Representative  from  Massa- 
chusetts; born  in  Essex  county,  Mass.,  in  1783; 
was  graduated  from  Harvard  college ;  studied 
law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  began  practice 
in  Haverhill,  Mass. ;  elected  to  the  Nineteenth, 
Twentieth,  and  Twenty-first  Congresses  (March 
4,  1825-March  3,  3831)  ;  moved  to  Niles,  Mich., 
where  he  died,  July  23,  1836. 

Varnum,  Joseph  Bradley,  a  Representative 
and  a  Senator  from  Massachusetts;  born  in 
Dracut,  Mass.,  February  29,  1750 ;  completed 
preparatory  studies;  served  in  Revolutionary 
army ;  commissioned  colonel  of  the  seventh  regi- 
ment of  Massachusetts  militia  April  4,  1787 ; 
brigadier  general  November  22,  1802,  and  major 
general  Jime  12,  1805;  served  in  both  branches 
of  the  state  legislature;  justice  of  the  court  of 
common  pleas,  and  chief  justice  of  the  court  of 
general  sessions;  delegate  in  the  state  conven- 
tion that  ratified  the  Federal  constitution  in 
1788;  elected  to  the  Fourth,  and  to  the  seven 
succeeding  Congresses  (March  4,  1795-March  3, 
1811)  ;  was  Speaker  of  the  House  during  the 
Tenth  and  Eleventh  Congresses ;  elected  to  the 
United  States  Senate,  and  served  from  March  4, 
1811,  to  March  3,  1817 ;  elected  President  of  the 
Senate  pro  tempore  December  6,  1813;  delegate 
in  the  state  constitutional  convention  of  1820; 
again  a  state  senator  1817-1821 ;  died  in  Dracut, 
Mass.,  September  11,  1821. 

Vaughan,  William  W.,  a  Representative 
from  Tennessee;  born  near  Legardo,  Wilson 
county,  Tenn.,  in  1837 ;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to 
the  Forty-second  Congress  (March  4,  1871- 
March  3,  1873)  ;  candidate  for  reelection  to  the 
Forty-third  Congress,  but  died  while  making  the 
canvass  in  Crocket  Mills,  Crockett  county,  Tenn., 
August  19,  1878;  interment  in  Haywood  county. 

Vaux,  Richard,  a  Representative  from  Penn- 
sylvania ;  born  in  Philadelphia,  Pa.,  December 
19,  1816;  educated  by  private  tutors  at  Friend's 
school ;  studied  law  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar 
in  1837 ;  secretary  of  legation  under  Andrew 
Stevenson ;  private  secretary  to  the  United  States 
minister  in  London,  England;  returned  to  Phila- 
delphia in  1839 ;  delegate  to  the  Democratic  na- 
tional convention  in  1840;  recorder  of  deeds  of 
Philadelphia,  1842-1849 ;  elected  mayor  of  Phila- 
delphia in  1856;  member  of  the  board  of  di- 
rectors of  Girard  college,  1859-1866,  and  served 
as  president  of  the  board,  1863-1865 ;  comptroller 
of  public  schools;  president  of  the  board  of  in- 
spectors of  the  state  penitentiary  for  the  eastern 
district  of  Pennsylvania ;  elected  as  a  Democrat 
to  the  Fifty-first  Congress,  to  fill  vacancy  caused 
by  the  death  of  Samuel  J.  Randall,  and  served 
from  May  20,  1890,  to  March  3,  1891;  died  in 
Philadelphia,  Pa.,  March  22,  1895. 

Veeder,  William  Davis,  a  Representative 
from  New  York;  born  in  Guilderland,  Albany 
county,  N.  Y.,  May  19,  1835;  completed  prepara- 
tory studies;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the 
bar,  and  began  practice  in  Brooklyn,  N.  Y., 
in  1858;  served  in  the  state  assembly  1865- 
1866;  delegate  to  the  Democratic  state  conven- 
tion in  1875  and  1877 ;  member  of  the  state  con- 
stitutional convention  1867-1868;  surrogate  of 


1078 


CONGRESSIONAL   DIRECTOEY. 


Kings  County,  N.  Y..  1867-1877;  elected  as  a 
Democrat  to  the  Forty-fifth  Congress  (March  4, 
1877-March  3,  1879)  ;  member  of  the  state  con- 
stitutional convention  1887-1888 ;  died  in  Brook- 
lyn, N.  Y.,  December  2.  1910. 

Vehslage,  John  H.  G.,  a  Representative  from 
New  York;  born  in  New  York  City,  December 
20,  1842;  attended  the  public  schools;  entered 
the  coal  and  wood  business  in  1865 ;  joined  the 
third  cavalry,  New  York  national  guard,  in 
1863,  and  was  commissioned  captain,  February 
15,  1864 ;  appointed  captain,  and  continued  jn 
service  until  1880 ;  member  of  the  state  assembly ; 
elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Fifty-fifth  Congress 
(March  4,  1897-March  3,  1899). 

Venable,  Abraham  B.,  a  Representative  and 
a  Senator  from  Virginia ;  born  in  Prince  Edward 
county,  Va.,  in  1760 ;  was  graduated  from  Prince- 
ton college  in  1780 ;  engaged  as  a  planter  in  his 
native  country ;  elected  to  the  Second,  and  to 
the  three  succeeding  Congresses  (March  4,  1791- 
March  3,  1799)  ;  elected  to  the  United  States 
Senate,  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  the  death 
of  Stevens  T.  Mason,  and  served  from  Decem- 
ber 7,  1803,  to  June  7,  1804,  when  he  resigned; 
perished  at  the  burning  of  the  theater  in  Rich- 
mond, Va.,  December  26.  1811. 

Venable,  Abraham  Watkins,  a  Representa- 
tive from  North  Carolina ;  born  in  Prince  Ed- 
ward county,  Va.,  October  17,  1799 ;  was  gradu- 
ated from  Ha mpden- Sidney  college  in  1816; 
studied  medicine,  and  was  gi'aduated  from 
Princeton  college  in  1819;  studied  law,  was  adr 
mitted  to  the  bar  in  1821,  and  began  practice 
in  North  Carolina ;  presidential  elector  on  the 
Jackson  ticket  in  1832  and  on  the  Van  Buren 
ticket  in  1836;  elected  to  the  Thirtieth,  Thirty- 
first,  and  Thirty-second  Congresses  (March  4, 
1847-March  3,  1853)  ;  presidential  elector  in 
1860  on  the  Breckinridge  and  Lane  ticket ;  dele- 
gate from  North  Carolina  to  the  Provisional 
Confederate  Congress  in  1861;  died  in  Oxford, 
N.  C.,  February  24,  1876. 

Venable,  Edward  Carrington,  a  Representa- 
tive from  Virginia ;  born  in  Prince  Edward 
county,  Va.,  January  31,  1853:  attended  Mc- 
Cabe's  university  high  school,  in  Petersburg,  and 
the  University  of  Virginia ;  taught  school 
for  three  years;  moved  to  Petersburg,  Va.,  in 
1876 ;  presented  credentials  as  a  member-elect 
to  the  Fifty-first  Congress,  nnd  served  from 
March  4,  1889,  to  September  23,  1890,  when  he 
was  succeeded  by  John  M.  Langston,  who  con- 
tested his  election. 

Verplanck,  Daniel  Crommelin,  a  Representa- 
tive from  New  York ;  born  in  New  York  City, 
N.  Y.,  March  19,  1762 ;  was  graduated  from 
Columbia  college ;  studied  law,  was  admitted 
to  the  bar,  and  practiced;  elected  to  the 
Eighth,  Ninth,  and  Tenth  Congresses  (March  4, 
1803-March  3,  1809)  ;  judge  of  the  court  of  com- 
mon pleas  1828-1830 ;  died  near  Fishkill,  N.  Y., 
March  29,  1834. 

Verplanck,  Gulian  Crommelin,  a  Representa- 
tive from  New  York;  born  in  New  York  City, 
August  6,  1786 ;  pursued  classical  studies  and 
in  1801  was  graduated  from  Columbia  college; 
studied  law  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in 
1807 ;  member  of  the  state  assembly,  1820-1823 ; 
professor  of  the  evidences  of  Christianity  at  the 


General  Theological  seminary,  New  York  City 
1821-1824;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Nine- 
teenth, and  to  the  three  succeeding  Congresses 
(March  4,  1825-March  3,  1833)  ;  defeated  as  a 
Whig  candidate  for  mayor  of  New  York  City  in 
1834;  member  of  the  state  senate  1838-1841; 
governor  of  the  city  hospital  1823-1865;  presi- 
dent of  the  board  of  commissioners  of  emigra- 
tion 1846-1870;  regent  of  the  state  university 
1826-1870,  and  vice  chancellor  1858-1870 ;  mem- 
ber of  the  New  York  historical  society;  died  in 
New  York  City,  March  18,  1870. 

Verree,  John  P.,  a  Representative  from 
Pennsylvania;  born  in  Philadelphia,  Pa.,  in 
1819;  completed  preparatory  studies;  iron  man- 
ufacturer; member  of  the  Philadelphia  city 
council  for  six  years ;  elected  as  a  Republican  to 
the  Thirty-sixth  and  Thirty-seventh  Congresses 
(March  4,  1859-March  3,  1863). 

Vest,  George  Graham,  a  Senator  from  Mis- 
souri ;  born  in  Frankfort,  Ky.,  December  6,  1830 ; 
was  graduated  from  Center  college,  Kentucky,  in 
1848,  and  the  law  department  of  Transylvania 
university,  in  Lexington,  Ky.,  in  1853;  was  ad- 
mitted to  the  bar,  and  began  practice  in  George- 
town, Mo.;  moved  to  Boonville,  Mo.,  in  1856; 
presidential  elector  on  the  Democratic  ticket  in 
1860;  member  of  the  Missouri  house  of  repre- 
sentatives 1860-1861;  member  of  the  house  of 
representatives  of  the  Confederate  congress  for 
two  years  and  a  member  of  the  Confederate 
senate  for  one  year;  resumed  the  practice  of 
law  in  Sedalia,  Mo.,  in  1865;  moved  to  Kansas 
City  in  1877;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the 
United  States  Senate;  reelected  in  1885,  1891, 
and  1897,  and  served  from  March  4,  1879,  to 
March  3,  1903 ;  died  in  Kansas  City,  Mo.,  July  9, 
1904. 

Vibbard,  Chauncey,  a  Representative  from 
New  York ;  born  in  Galway,  Saratoga  county, 
N.  Y.,  November  11,  1811 ;  attended  the  common 
schools  and  was  graduated  from  Motts  academy 
for  boys  in  Albany,  N.  Y. ;  clerk  in  a  wholesale 
grocery  store  in  Albany,  N.  Y. ;  moved  to  New 
York  City,  and  in  1834  went  to  Montgomery, 
Ala. ;  moved  to  Schenectady,  N.  Y. ;  was  appointed 
chief  clerk  of  the  Utica  and  Schenectady  rail- 
road company,  in  1836 ;  became  a  railroad 
freight  and  ticket  agent,  subsequently  was  the 
first  general  superintendent  of  the  New  York 
Central  railroad ;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the 
Thirty-seventh  Congress  (March  4,  1861-March 
3,  1863)  ;  director  and  superintendent  of  mili- 
tary railroads  in  1862;  died  in  Macon,  Ga., 
June  6,  1891. 

Vickers,  George,  a  Senator  from  Maryland; 
born  in  Chestertown,  Kent  county,  Md.,  Novem-  ' 
ber  19,  1801;  pursued  an  academic  course;  stud- 
ied law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1832,  and 
began  practice  in  Chestertown,  Mo. ;  delegate  to 
the  Whig  national  convention  in  Baltimore  in 
1852 ;  major  general  of  the  state  militia  in  1861 ; 
presidential  elector  in  1864  on  the  McClellan 
and  Pendleton  ticket ;  vice  president  of  the  Union 
convention  in  Philadelphia  in  1866 ;  member  of 
the  state  senate  1866-1867 ;  elected  as  a  Demo- 
crat to  the  United  States  Senate  for  the  term 
commencing  March  4,  1867,  and  served  from 
March  9,  1868,  to  March  3,  1873;  resumed  the 
practice  of  law  in  Chestertown,  Md.,  and  died 
there,  October  8,  1879. 


BIOGRAPHIES. 


1079 


Vidal,  Michael,  a  Delegate  from  Louisiana ; 
bom  in  France ;  completed  preparatory  studies 
and  emigrated  to  tlie  republic  of  Texas;  dele- 
gate to  the  Louisiana  state  constitutional  con- 
vention in  1868;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the 
Fortieth  Congress  (March  4,  1867-March  3, 
1869). 

Viele,  Egbert  Ludoricus,  a  Representative 
from  New  York ;  born  in  Waterford,  Saratoga 
county,  N.  Y.,  June  17, 1825 ;  attended  the  Albany 
academy,  Albany,  N.  Y. ;  was  graduated  from 
the  United  States  military  academy,  West  Point, 
July  1,  1847 ;  commissioned  brevet  second  lieu- 
tenant in  the  second  United  States  infantry; 
served  in  the  Mexican  war,  1847-1848 ;  promoted 
to  second  lieutenant  first  United  States  infantry, 
September  8,  1847 ;  became  a  civil  and  military 
engineer ;  appointed  state  engineer  of  New  Jersey 
in  1855 ;  appointed  engineer  in  chief  of  Central 
Park,  New  York,  in  1856;  appointed  engineer  of 
Prospect  Park,  Brooklyn,  in  1860;  appointed 
captain  of  the  engineer  corps  of  the  seventh 
New  York  regiment  in  1860 ;  appointed  briga- 
dier general  of  United  States  volunteers  in  1861 ; 
military  governor  of  Norfolk,  Va.,  in  1862 ;  ap- 
pointed president  of  the  department  of  public 
parks  in  New  York  City  in  1884 ;  elected  as  a 
Democrat  to  the  Forty-ninth  Congress  (March 
4,  1885-March  3,  1887)  ;  died  in  New  York  City, 
April  22,  1902. 

Vilas,  William.  Freeman,  a  Senator  from 
Wisconsin ;  born  in  Chelsea,  Orange  county,  Vt., 
July  9,  1840;  moved  with  his  parents  to  Madi- 
son, Wis.,  June  4,  1851 ;  was  graduated  from  the 
state  university  in  1858,  and  from  the  law  de- 
partment of  the  University  of  Albany,  N.  Y.,  in 
1860;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  and  began  prac- 
tice in  Madison,  Wis.,  July  9,  1860;  enlisted  in 
the  Union  army  for  the  Civil  war;  captain  of 
company  A,  twenty-third  regiment  Wisconsin  in- 
fantry volunteers,  and  afterwards  majoV  and 
lieutenant  colonel  of  the  regiment;  professor  of 
law  at  the  state  university ;  regent  of  the  uni- 
versity 1880-1885 ;  one  of  three  revisers  ap- 
pointed by  the  supreme  court  of  Wisconsin  in 
1875  to  prepare  the  existing  revised  body  of  the 
statute  law  adopted  in  1878 ;  member  of  state 
assembly  in  1885;  delegate  to  the  Democratic 
national  conventions  in  1876,  1880,  1884,  and 
permanent  chairman  of  the  latter;  Postmaster 
General  of  the  United  States  under  President 
Cleveland  from  March  7,  1885,  to  January  16", 
1888;  Secretary  of  the  Interior  of  the  United 
States  to  March  6,  1889 ;  elected  as  a  Democrat 
to  the  United  States  Senate  January  28,  1891, 
and  served  from  March  4,  1891,  to  March  3, 
1897 ;  resumed  the  practice  of  law ;  member  of 
the  commission  for  the  building  of  the  state 
capitol  in  1907;  died  in  Madison,  Wis.,  August 
28,  1908. 

Vincent,  William  Davis,  a  Representative 
from  Kansas ;  born  near  Dresden,  Tenn.,  October 
11,  1852  ;  moved  with  his  parents  to  Riley  county, 
Kans.,  in  1862 ;  attended  the  public  schools  and 
the  state  agricultural  college  in  Manhattan, 
Kans. ;  engaged  in  mercantile  business  in  Clay 
Center,  Kans. ;  elected  member  of  the  city  coun- 
cil in  1880;  one  of  the  nominees  of  the  Green- 
back party  for  presidential  elector  in  1884  ;  mem- 
ber of  the  state  board  of  railroad  commissioners 
in  1893  and  1894;  elected  as  a  Populist  to  the 
Fifty-fifth  Congress  (March  4,  1897-March  3, 


1899)  ;    engaged   in   the   hardware  business   in 
Clay  Center,  Kans. 

Vining,  John,  a  Delegate,  a  Representative, 
and  a  Senator  from  Delaware;  born  in  Dover, 
Del.,  December  23,  1758;  studied  law  and  was 
admitted  to  the  bar,  February  21,  1772;  sat  in 
the  Continental  Congress  1784-1786;  member  of 
the  state  house  of  representatives  1787-1788; 
elected  to  the  First  and  Second  Congresses 
March  4,  1789-March  3,  1793)  ;  elected  to  the 
state  senate  in  1793 ;  elected  to  the  United  States 
Senate  and  served  from  March  4,  1793,  to  Janu- 
ary 9,  1798,  when  he  resigned;  died  in  Dover, 
Del.,  in  February,  1802. 

Vinton,  Samuel  Finley,  a  Representative 
from  Ohio;  born  in  South  Hadley,  Mass.,  Sep- 
tember 25,  1792;  was  graduated  from  Williams 
college,  Massachusetts,  in  1814 ;  studied  law,  was 
admitted  to  the  bar  in  1816,  and  began  practice 
in  Gallipolis,  Ohio;  held  several  local  offices; 
elected  as  a  Whig  to  the  Eighteenth,  and  to 
the  six  succeeding  Congresses  (March  4,  1823- 
March  3,  1837)  ;  presidential  elector  on  the  Har- 
rison and  Tyler  ticket  in  1841 ;  reelected  to  the 
Twenty-eighth,  and  to  the  three  succeeding  Con- 
gresses (March  4,  1843-March  3,  1851)  ;  ap- 
pointed by  President  Lincoln  in  1862  to  appraise 
the  slaves  emancipated  in  the  District  of  Co- 
lumbia;  died  in  Washington,  D.  C.,  May  11, 
1862. 

Volstead,  Andrew  Joseph,  a  Representative 
from  Minnesota ;  born  in  Goodhue  county,  Minn., 
in  1860;  attended  the  public  schools,  St.  Olafs 
college,  and  graduated  from  Decorah  institute; 
studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1883, 
and  commenced  practice  in  Lac  qui  Parle  in 
1884 ;  president  of  the  board  of  education ;  city 
attorney  of  Granite  Falls;  mayor  of  Granite 
Falls  1900-1902;  county  attorney  of  Yellow 
Medicine  county,  1884-1898 ;  elected  as  a  Repub- 
lican to  the  Fifty-eighth,  and  to  the  three  suc- 
ceeding Congresses  (March  4,  1903-March  3, 
1911).  Reelected  to  the  Sixty-second  Congress. 

Voorhees,  Charles  Stewart,  a  Delegate  from 
the  territory  of  Washington;  born  in  Coving- 
ton,  Ind.,  June  4,  1853 ;  was  graduated  from 
Georgetown  college,  District  of  Columbia,  June 
26,  1873;  studied  law  and  was  admitted  to  the 
bar  in  Terre  Haute,  Ind.,  in  1875;  moved  to 
Washington  territory  in  1882  and  located  in 
Colfax;  prosecuting  attorney  for  Whitman 
county  in  1882;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  Forty- 
ninth  and  Fiftieth  Congresses  (March  4,  1885- 
March  3,  1889). 

Voorhees,  Daniel  Wolsey,  a  Representative 
and  a  Senator  from  Indiana;  born  in  Butler 
county,  Ohio,  June  12,  1827 ;  was  graduated 
from  the  Indiana  Asbury  university  in  1849; 
studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  com- 
menced practice  in  1851;  United  States  district 
attorney  for  Indiana  1858-1861 ;  elected  as  a 
Democrat  to  the  Thirty-seventh  and  Thirty- 
eighth  Congresses  (March  4,  1861-March  3, 
1865)  ;  presented  credentials  as  a  member-elect 
to  the  Thirty-ninth  Congress,  and  served  from 
March  4,  1865,  to  February  23,  1866.  when  he 
was  succeeded  by  Henry  D.  Washburn,  who  con- 
tested his  election ;  reelected  to  the  Forty-first 
and  Forty-second  Congresses  (March  4,  1869- 
March  3,  1873)  ;  defeated  as  a  Democratic  can- 
didate for  the  Forty-fifth  Congress ;  appointed, 
and  subsequently  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the 


1080 


CONGRESSIONAL   DIEECTOEY. 


United  States  Senate,  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by 
the  death  of  Oliver  P.  Morton ;  reelected  in  1885 
and  1891,  and  served  from  November  6,  1877, 
until  March  3,  1897 ;  died  in  Washington,  D.  C., 
April  9,  1897. 

Voorhis,  Charles  H.,  a  Representative  from 
New  Jersey;  born  in  Spring  Valley,  Bergen 
county.  N.  J.,  March  13,  1833 ;  was  graduated 
from  Rutgers  college,  New  Jersey,  in  1853;  was 
admitted  to  the  bar  in  1856;  appointed  in  1868 
presiding  judge  for  Bergen  county,  N.  J. ;  elected 
as  a  Republican  to  the  Forty-sixth  Congress 
(March  4,  1879-March  3,  1881)  ;  died  in  1896. 

Vose,  Roger,  a  Representative  from  New 
Hampshire;  born  in  Milton,  Mass.,  February  24, 
1763 ;  moved  with  parents  to  New  Hampshire  in 
1766;  was  graduated  from  Harvard  university 
in  1790;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar, 
and  began  practice  in  Walpole,  N.  H.,  in  1793; 
served  in  both  branches  of  the  state  legislature; 
elected  as  a  Federalist  to  the  Thirteenth  and 
Fourteenth  Congresses  (March  4.  1813-March  3, 
1817)  ;  died  in  Walpole,  N.  H.,  October  28,  1841. 

Vreeland,  Edward  Butterfield,  a  Representa- 
tive from  New  York;  born  in  Cuba,  Allegany 
county,  N.  Y.,  December  7,  1857 ;  pursued  an 
academic  course;  superintendent  of  the  schools 
of  Salamanca,  Cal.,  1877-1882;  studied  law  and 
was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1881 ;  president  of 
the  Salamanca  national  bank;  engaged  in  the 
banking,  oil,  and  insurance  business;  elected  as 
a  Republican  to  the  Fifty-sixth  Congress,  to  fill 
vacancy  caused  by  the  resignation  of  Warren  B. 
Hooker ;  reelected  to  the  Fifty-seventh,  and  to 
the  four  succeeding  Congresses,  and  served  from 
December  4,  1899,  to  March  3,  1911 ;  vice  chair- 
man of  the  national  monetary  commission.  Re- 
elected  to  the  Sixty-second  Congress. 

Vroom,  Peter  Dumont,  a  Representative 
from  New  Jersey ;  born  in  Hillsboro  township, 
Somerset  county,  N..  J.,  December  12,  1791 ;  at- 
tended Somerville  academy  and  was  graduated 
from  Columbia  college,  New  York,  in  1808 ;  stud- 
ied law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1813,  and 
began  practice;  member  of  the  state  house  of 
representatives  1826-1827  and  1829;  became  a 
sergeant-at-law  in  1828 ;  elected  governor  of  New 
Jersey  as  a  Jackson  Democrat  in  1829,  1830,  and 
1831 ;  defeated  for  reelection  in  1832,  but  again 
elected  1833,  1834,  1835,  and  1836;  appointed  a 
commissioner  to  adjust  the  claims  of  the  Choc- 
taw  indians  in  1837;  elected  to  the  Twenty- 
sixth  Congress,  and  served  from  March  19,  1840, 
until  March  3,  1841 ;  moved  to  Trenton,  N.  J. ; 
delegate  to  the  state  constitutional  convention 
in  1844 ;  presidential  elector  on  the  Pierce  and 
King  ticket  in  1852;  United  States  minister  to 
Prussia  1853-1857 ;  delegate  to  the  peace  con- 
vention in  1861 ;  presidential  elector  on  the  Sey- 
mour ticket  in  1868 ;  died  in  Trenton,  N.  J..  No- 
vember 18,  1873. 

Wachter,  Frank  Charles,  a  Representative 
from  Maryland ;  born  in  Baltimore,  Md.,  Septem- 
ber 16,  1861 ;  attended  the  private  schools ; 
learned  the  trade  of  clothing  cutter,  and  after- 
wards engaged  in  the  business;  member  of  the 
jail  board  of  Baltimore  1896-1898 ;  candidate  for 
police  commissioner  of  Baltimore  before  the  leg- 
islature of  1898,  and  was  defeated;  elected  as  a 
Republican  to  the  Fifty-sixth,  Fifty-seventh, 
Fifty-eighth,  and  Fifty -ninth  Congresses  (March 


4,  1899-March  3,  1907)  ;  died  in  Baltimore,  Md., 
July  1,  1910. 

Waddell,  Alfred  Moore,  a  Representative 
from  North  Carolina ;  born  in  Hillsboro,  N.  C., 
September  16,  1834;  attended  Bingham's  school 
and  Caldwell  institute  in  Hillsboro,  and  was 
graduated  from  the  University  of  North  Caro- 
lina in  1853;  studied  law  and  was  admitted  to 
the  bar  in  1855,  and  began  practice  in  Wilming- 
ton, N.  C. ;  clerk  of  a  court  of  equity  1858-1861 ; 
delegate  to  the  national  convention  in  Baltimore 
which  nominated  Bell  and  Everett  in  1860;  en- 
gaged in  newspaper  work ;  edited  the  Wilming- 
ton Daily  Herald  1860-1861;  lieutenant  colonel 
of  cavalry  in  the  Confederate  army ;  elected  as  a 
Democrat  to  the  Forty-second,  Forty-third, 
Forty-fourth,  and  Forty-fifth  Congresses  (March 
4,  1871-March  3,  1879)  ;  mayor  of  Wilmington  in 
1900 ;  died  in  Wilmington,  N.  C.,  March  17,  1912. 

Waddill,  Edmund,  jr.,  a  Representative  from 
Virginia ;  born  in  Charles  City  county,  Va.,  May 
22,  1855 ;  deputy  clerk  of  the  courts  of  Charles 
City,  New  Kent,  Hanover,  and  Heurico  counties, 
and  of  the  circuit  court  of  the  city  of  Richmond ; 
studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1877, 
and  entered  upon  practice  in  Richmond  in  1878; 
judge  of  the  county  court  of  Heurico  in  1880; 
resigned  this  office  in  1883  to  accept  the  office  of 
United  States  attorney  for  the  eastern  district 
of  Virginia,  which  position  he  filled  till  1885; 
a  representative  in  the  state  legislature  1885- 
1889 ;  Republican  nominee  for  Congress  in  1886, 
and  defeated ;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the 
Fifty-first  Congress  (March  4,  1889-March  3, 
1891)  ;  appointed  United  States  judge  for  the 
eastern  district  of  Virginia  March  22,  1898. 

Waddill,  James  Richard,  a  Representative 
from  Missouri ;  born  in  Springfield,  Mo.,  Novem- 
ber 22,  1842 ;  attended  private  schools  and 
Springfield  (Mo.)  college;  enlisted  as  a  private  in 
the  Union  army  in  1861 ;  rose  to  a  first  lieuten- 
ancy, and  resigned  in  1863;  resumed  the  study 
of  law,  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1864 ; 
elected  prosecuting  attorney  of  Greene  county 
for  two  years  in  November,  1874 ;  elected  as  a 
Democrat  to  the  Forty-sixth  Congress  (March 
4,  1879-March  3,  1881 )  ;  engaged  in  the  mining 
business  in  Joplin,  Mo. 

Wade,  Benjamin  Franklin,  a  Senator  from 
Ohio;  born  near  Springfield,  Mass.,  October  27, 
1800;  attended  the  common  schools;  moved  with 
parents  to  Andover,  Ohio,  in  1821 ;  taught  school ; 
studied  medicine  in  Albany,  N.  Y.,  1823-1825 ;  re- 
turned to  Ohio ;  studied  law  and  was  admitted 
to  the  bar  in  1828,  and  began  practice  in  Jeffer- 
son, Ashtabula  county,  Ohio ;  prosecuting  at- 
torney of  Ashtabula  county  1835-1837 ;  state  sen- 
ator 1837-1838;  president  of  the  third  judicial 
court  of  Ohio  in  1847-1851 ;  elected  to  the  United 
States  Senate,  and  twice  reelected,  and  served 
from  March  4,  1851,  to  March  3,  1869;  elected 
president  pro  tempore  of  the  Senate  December 
4,  1865,  and  served  until  March  23,  1869 ;  a  dele- 
gate in  the  loyalist  convention  in  Philadelphia 
in  1866,  and  a  candidate  for  vice  president  in 
the  Republican  national  convention  of  1868;  re- 
sumed the  practice  of  law  in  Jefferson,  Ohio, 
in  1869 ;  appointed  a  Government  director  of  the 
Pacific  railroad ;  member  of  the  Santo  Domingo 
commission  of  1871 ;  chairman  of  the  Ohio  dele- 
gation in  the  Republican  national  convention  of 
1876 ;  died  in  Jefferson,  Ohio,  March  2,  1878 


BIOGRAPHIES. 


1081 


Wade,  Edward,  a  Representative  from  Ohio; 
born  in  West  Springfield,  Mass.,  November  22, 
1803;  received  a  limited  schooling;  moved  to 
Ashtabula  county,  Ohio,  in  1821,  where  he 
studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  began 
practice  in  Jefferson,  in  1827 ;  justice  of  the 
peace  of  Ashtabula  county ;  moved  to  Unionville 
in  1832,  and  to  Cleveland  in  1837 ;  elected  as  a 
Free  Soil  candidate  to  the  Thirty-third  Congress 
(March  4,  1853-March  3,  1855)  ;  reelected  as  a 
Republican  to  the  Thirty-fourth,  Thirty-fifth,  and 
Thirty-sixth  Congresses  (March  4,  1855-March  3, 
1861)  ;  died  in  Cleveland,  Ohio,  August  7,  1862. 

Wade,  Martin  Joseph,  a  Representative  from 
Iowa ;  born  in  Burlington,  Vt,  October  20,  1861 ; 
removed  to  Iowa  at  early  age ;  attended  the 
common  schools,  St.  Joseph's  college,  Dubuque, 
and  was  graduated  from  the  Iowa  state  uni- 
versity in  1886;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to 
the  bar,  and  practiced  in  Iowa  City,  Iowa,  1886- 
1893;  judge  of  the  eighth  judicial  district  of 
Iowa,  1893-1903;  lecturer  in  college  of  law, 
Iowa  state  university,  1891-1903;  lecturer  in 
college  of  medicine,  1895-1903;  president  Iowa 
state  bar  association  1897-1898;  elected  as  a 
Democrat  to  the  Fifty-eighth  Congress  (March 
4,  1903-March  3,  1905)  ;  resumed  the  practice  of 
law  in  Iowa  City,  Iowa. 

Wade,  William  Harrison,  a  Representative 
from  Missouri ;  born  in  Clark  county,  Ohio,  No- 
vember 3,  1835;  attended  the  common  schools 
and  Grove  academy;  engaged  in  farming;  en- 
listed in  the  Union  army  April  17,  1861,  and 
was  mustered  out  April  26,  1866 ;  moved  to  Mis- 
souri in  May,  1866,  and  engaged  in  farming; 
member  of  the  state  house  of  representatives 
1881-1884;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Forty- 
ninth,  Fiftieth,  and  Fifty-first  Congresses 
(March  4,  1885-March  3,  1891)  ;  died  in  Spring- 
field, Mo.,  January  15,  1911. 

Wadleigh,  Bainbridge,  a  Senator  from  New 
Hampshire;  born  in  Bradford,  N.  H.,  January  4, 
1831 ;  completed  preparatory  studies ;  studied 
law,  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  Newport, 
N.  H.,  in  February,  1850;  served  eight  years  in 
the  state  legislature ;  elected  as  a  Republican  to 
the  United  States  Senate,  and  served  from 
March  4,  1873,  to  March  3,  1879;  resumed  the 
practice  of  law  in  Boston,  Mass.,  and  died  there 
January  24,  1891. 

Wadsworth,  James,  a  Delegate  from  Connec- 
ticut ;  born  in  Durham,  Conn.,  July  6,  1730 ;  re- 
ceived a  thorough  English  training  and  was 
graduated  from  Yale  college  in  1748;  held  sev- 
eral local  offices  and  was  a  member  of  the  com- 
mittee of  safety ;  served  in  the  Revolutionary 
army  as  colonel  and  brigadier  general  of  Con- 
necticut militia  and  as  second  major  general  in 
1777 ;  justice  and  later  presiding  justice  of  the 
court  of  common  pleas  of  Connecticut ;  Delegate 
in  the  Continental  Congress,  1783-1784,  and 
1785-1786 ;  member  of  the  executive  council, 
1785-1790 ;  died  in  Durham,  Conn.,  September 
22,  1817. 

Wadsworth,  James  Wolcott,  a  Representa- 
tive from  New  York ;  born  in  Philadelphia,  Pa., 
October  12,  1846 ;  attended  Hopkins  grammar 
school,  New  Haven,  Conn. ;  served  in  the  civil 
war  and  attained  the  grade  of  major:  returned 
to  Geneseo,  N.  Y. ;  supervisor,  1875-1877;  mem- 
ber of  the  state  assembly,  1878-1879;  state 
comptroller,  1880-1881 ;  elected  as  a  Republican 


to  the  Forty-seventh  Congress,  to  fill  vacancy 
caused  by  the  resignation  of  Eldridge  G.  Lap- 
ham  ;  reelected  to  the  Forty-eighth  Congress, 
and  served  from  December  5,  1881,  to  March  3, 
1885 ;  again  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the 
Fifty-second,  and  to  the  seven  succeeding  Con- 
gresses (March  4,  1891-March  3,  1907)  ;  de- 
feated for  reelection  to  the  Sixtieth  Congress; 
elected  president  of  the  board  of  managers  for 
the  National  Home  for  disabled  volunteer  sol- 
diers ;  resident  of  Geneseo,  N.  Y. 

Wadsworth,  Jeremiah,  a  Delegate  and  a  Rep- 
resentative from  Connecticut ;  born  in  Hartford, 
Conn.,  July  12,  1743;  attended  the  common 
schools;  prominently  identified  with  pre-Revo- 
lutionary  movements,  and  served  as  deputy  and 
commissary-general  1775-1778 ;  Delegate  in  the 
Continental  Congress  1787-1788;  member  of  the 
Connecticut  convention  that  ratified  the  Federal 
Constitution  in  1788;  elected  as  a  Federalist  to 
the  First,  Second,  and  Third  Congresses  (March 
4,  1789-March  3,  1795)  ;  member  of  the  state 
legislature  in  1795,  and  of  the  executive  council 
1795-1801 ;  greatly  interested  in  agriculture  and 
its  development ;  died  in  Hartford,  Conn.,  April 
30, 1804. 

Wadsworth,  Peleg,  a  Representative  from 
Massachusetts;  born  in  Duxbury,  Mass.,  May  6, 
1748 ;  completed  preparatory  studies  and  was 
graduated  from  Harvard  college  in  1769  ;  became 
a  merchant  in  Kingston,  Mass. ;  served  in  the 
Revolutionary  army  as  aide  to  Gen.  Artemas 
Ward  in  1776;  engineer  under  General  Thomas 
in  1776-1777;  brigadier  general  of  hnilitia  in 
1777 ;  adjutant  general  of  Massachusetts  in 
1778;  moved  to  Portland,  Mass,  (now  Maine), 
in  1784,  and  became  a  land  agent ;  served  in  the 
state  senate  in  1792;  elected  to  the  Third, 
Fourth,  Fifth,  Sixth,  Seventh,  Eighth,  and  Ninth 
Congresses  (March  4,  1793-March  3,  1809)  ; 
moved  in  1807  to  Oxford  county,  Me.;  died  in 
Hiram,  Me.,  November  12,  1829. 

Wadsworth,  William  Henry,  a  Representa- 
tive from  Kentucky ;  born  in  Maysville,  Mason 
county,  Ky.,  July  4,  1821 ;  attended  town  and 
county  private  schools;  was  graduated  from 
Augusta  college,  Bracken  county,  Ky.,  in  1841 ; 
studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1846, 
and  engaged  in  practice  in  Maysville,  Ky. ;  mem- 
ber of  the  state  senate  1853-1856;  president  of 
the  electoral  college  of  Kentucky  in  1860 ;  United 
States  commissioner  to  Mexico  under  the  treaty 
of  Washington  for  the  adjustment  of  claims; 
elected  to  the  Thirty-seventh  and  Thirty-eighth 
Congresses  (March  4,  1861-March  3,  1865)  ; 
elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Forty-ninth  Con- 
gress (March  4,  1885-March  3,  1887)  ;  died  in 
Maysville,  Mason  county,  Ky.,  April  2,  1893. 

Wagener,  David  D.,  a  Representative  from 
Pennsylvania ;  born  in  Easton,  Pa.,  October  11, 
1792;  attended  the  common  schools;  engaged  in 
mercantile  pursuits;  established  the  Easton  bank, 
and  for  several  years  was  its  president ;  elected 
as  a  Democrat  to  the  Twenty-third,  Twenty- 
fourth,  Twenty-fifth,  and  Twenty-sixth  Con- 
gresses (March  4,  1833-March  3,  1841)  ;  died  in 
Easton,  Pa.,  October  1,  1860. 

Waggaman,  George  Augustus,  a  Senator 
from  Louisiana ;  born  in  Somerset  county,  Md., 
in  1782;  completed  preparatory  studies;  studied 
law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  began  practice 


1082 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 


in  New  Orleans;  interested  in  sugar  growing; 
secretary  of  state  of  Louisiana  1830-1832 ;  elected 
as  a  Whig  to  the  United  States  Senate  to  fill 
vacancy  caused  by  the  resignation  of  Edward 
Livingston,  and  served  from  November  15,  1831, 
to  March  3,  1835;  resumed  the  practice  of  law 
in  New  Orleans ;  participated  as  a  principal  in 
a  duel  and  received  injuries  from  which  he  died 
in  New  Orleans  March  22,  1843. 

Wagner,  Peter  J.,  a  Representative  from  New 
York;  native  of  New  York;  elected  as  a  Whig 
to  the  Twenty-sixth  Congress  (March  4,  1839- 
March  3,  1841). 

Wagoner,  George  E,  C.,  a  Representative 
from  Missouri ;  successfully  contested  the  elec- 
tion of  James  J.  Butler  in  the  Fifty-seventh 
Congress  and  served  from  February  26,  1903, 
until  March  3,  1903. 

Wait,  John  Turner,  a  Representative  from 
Connecticut ;  born  in  New  London,  Conn.,  Au- 
gust 27,  1811 ;  received  a  mercantile  training  and 
attended  Trinity  college,  Hartford,  for  two 
years;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar 
in  1836,  and  began  practice  in  Norwich ;  state 
attorney  for  the  county  of  New  London  1842- 
1844  and  1846-1854 ;  elector  on  the  Lincoln  and 
Johnson  ticket  in  1864;  member  of  the  state 
senate  1865-1866,  and  served  the  last  year  as 
president  pro  tempore ;  member  of  the  state 
house  of  representatives  in  1867,  1871,  and  1873, 
and  served  as  speaker  the  first  year  and  subse- 
quently declined  the  position;  elected  to  the 
Forty-fourth  Congress,  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by 
the  death  of  Henry  H.  Starkweather;  reelected 
as  a  Republican  to  the  Forty-fifth,  Forty-sixth, 
Forty-sventh,  Forty-eighth,  and  Forty-ninth 
Congresses  and  served  from  April  12,  1876,  to 
March  3,  1887 ;  resumed  the  practice  of  law ; 
died  in  Norwich,  Conn.,  April  21,  1899. 

Wakefield,  James  Beach,  a  Representative 
from  Minnesota ;  born  in  Winsted,  Conn.,  March 
21,  1825;  was  graduated  from  Trinity  college, 
Hartford,  in  1846;  studied  law  in  Painesville, 
Ohio,  and  commenced  practice  in  Delphi,  Ind., 
in  1852 ;  moved  to  Minnesota  in  1854 ;  elected 
to  the  state  house  of  representatives  in  1858 
and  1863;  again  elected  in  1865,  and  speaker  in 
the  session  of  1866 ;  member  of  the  senate  1867- 
1868  and  1869-1870;  resigned  in  1869  and  ap- 
pointed receiver  of  the  United  States  land  office 
in  Winnebago  City,  Minn.;  resigned  in  1875 
and  elected  lieutenant-governor  for  a  term  of 
two  years ;  reelected  in  1877 ;  elected  as  a  Re- 
publican to  the  Forty-eighth  and  Forty-ninth 
Congresses  (March  4,  1883-March  3,  1887). 

Wakeman,  Abram,  a  Representative  from 
New  York ;  born  in  Greenfield  Hills,  Fairfield 
county,  Conn.,  May  31,  1824 ;  completed  prepara- 
tory studies,  and  was  graduated  from  Herkimer 
academy;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar, 
and  in  1847  began  practice  in  New  York  City ; 
served  two  terms  in  the  state  assembly ;  dele- 
gate to  the  national  Republican  convention  in 
1856;  elected  as  an  American  to  the  Thirty- 
fourth  Congress  (March  4,  1855-March  3,  1857; 
at  the  outbreak  of  the  civil  war  raised  the 
eighty-first  Pensylvania  volunteers  and  was 
elected  its  colonel,  but  soon  after  resigned; 
postmaster  of  New  York  City;  died  in  New 
York  City  June  29,  1889. 


Wakeman,  Seth,  a  Representative  from  New 
York ;  born  in  Franklin,  Vt,  January  15,  1811 ; 
attended  the  common  schools;  moved  to  Batavia, 
N.  Y.,  where  he  studied  law,  was  admitted  to 
the  bar,  and  practiced ;  prosecuting  attorney  for 
Genesee  county  1851-1857;  served  in  the  state 
assembly  1856-1857;  member  of  the  constitu- 
tional convention  1867-1868;  elected  as  a  Re- 
publican to  the  Forty-second  Congress  (March 
4,  1871-March  3,  1873)  ;  died  in  Batavia,  N.  Y., 
January  4,  1880. 

Walbridge,  David  Safford,  a  Representative 
from  Michigan;  born  in  Bennington,  Vt.,  July 
30,  1802 ;  received  a  limited  schooling ;  became  a 
merchant  and  also  engaged  in  farming;  moved 
to  Kalamazoo,  Mich.,  in  1842;  elected  as  a  Re- 
publican to  the  Thirty-fourth  and  Thirty-fifth 
Congresses  (March  4,  1855-March  3,  1859)  ;  died 
in  Kalamazoo,  Mich.,  June  15,  1S68. 

Walbridge,  Henry  S.,  a  Representative  from 
New  York ;  born  in  1809 ;  elected  as  a  Whig  to 
the  Thirty-second  Congress  (March  4,  1851- 
March  3,  1853)  ;  died  in  1869. 

Walbridge,  Hiram,  a  Representative  from 
New  York;  born  in  Ithaca,  N.  Y.,  February  2, 
1821;  moved  to  Toledo,  Ohio,  in  1836;  attended 
the  public  schools;  studied  law,  was  admitted 
to  the  bar,  and  in  1842  began  practice  in  To- 
ledo ;  moved  to  New  York  in  1847  and  became 
a  merchant;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the 
Thirty-third  Congress  (March  4,  1853-March  3, 
1855)  ;  defeated  as  the  Union  candidate  for  the 
Thirty-eighth  Congress;  died  in  New  York  City 
December  6,  1870. 

Walden,  Hiram,  a  Representative  from  New 
York ;  born  in  Albany,  N.  Y.,  October  16,  1779 ; 
attended  the  public  schools ;  moved  to  Schoharie 
county,  N.  Y. ;  major-general  of  militia  ;  mem- 
ber of  the  state  assembly  in  1836;  supervisor 
of  the  county  of  Schoharie  in  1842 ;  elected  as  a 
Democrat  to  the  Thirty-first  Congress  (March 
4,  1849-March  3,  1851);  died  in  Gallupville, 
N.  Y.,  Schoharie  county,  June  1,  1880. 

Walden,  Madison  Miner,  a  Representative 
from  Iowa ;  born  in  Adams  county,  Ohio,  Octo- 
ber 6,  1836 ;  pursued  an  academic  course :  gradu- 
ated from  the  Wesleyan  university  in  Delaware, 
Ohio,  in  1859;  moved  to  Iowa;  served  in  the 
Union  army  (1861-1865)  as  captain;  member  of 
the  state  house  of  representatives  1866-1867,  and 
of  the  state  senate  1868-1869;  lieutenant-gov- 
ernor in  1870;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the 
Forty-second  Congress  (March  4,  1871-March  3, 
1873)  ;  died  in  Washington,  D.  C.,  July  24,  1891. 

Waldo,  jGeorge  Ernest,  a  Representative  from 
New  York ;  born  in  Brooklyn,  N.  Y.,  January  11, 
1851;  attended  the  public  schools  of  Scotland, 
Conn.,  and  Brooklyn,  N.  Y. ;  Doctor  Fitch's 
academy,  South  Windham,  Conn. ;  Nntchaug  high 
school,  Willimantic,  Conn.,  and  was  two  years  in 
Cornell  university,  class  of  1872;  studied  law  in 
New  York  City;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in 
Poughkeepsie,  N.  Y.,  in  1876;  practiced  in  New 
York  City  from  1876  to  1883,  and  in  Ulysses, 
Nebr.,  from  1883  to  1889 ;  returned  to  New  York 
City  in  1889 ;  village  attorney  of  Ulysses,  Nebr., 
for  several  years,  and  for  four  years  member 
of  the  board  of  trustees  and  school  director  of 
Ulysses  high  school ;  member  of  New  York  as- 
sembly 1896 ;  commissioner  of  records  of  Kings 


BIOGRAPHIES. 


1083 


county,  N.  Y.,  1899-1904;  delegate  to  the  Re- 
publican national  convention  of  1900;  elected  as 
a  Republican  to  the  Fifty-ninth  and  Sixtieth 
Congresses  (March  4,  1907-March  3,  1911). 

Waldo,  Loren  Pinckney,  a  Representative 
irom  Connecticut;  born  in  Canterbury,  Conn., 
February  2,  1802 ;  attended  the  common  schools ; 
studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  began 
practice  in  1825  in  Tolland,  Conn. ;  state  at- 
torney for  Tolland  county  1837-1849;  served 
six  years  in  the  state  legislature ;  elected  as  a 
Democrat  to  the  Thirty -first  Congress  (March  4, 
1849-March  3,  1851)  ;  Commissioner  of  Pensions 
under  President  Pierce  1853-1856,  when  he  re- 
signed to  become  judge  of  the  superior  court  of 
Connecticut ;  died  in  Hartford,  Conn.,  September 
8,  1881. 

Waldron,  Henry,  a  Representative  from 
Michigan ;  born  in  Albany,  N.  Y.,  October  11, 
]  819 ;  pursued  classical  studies,  and  was  gradu- 
ated from  Rutgers  college,  New  Jersey,  in  1836 ; 
moved  to  Michigan  in  1837 ;  member  of  the  state 
legislature  in  1843;  elected  as  a  Republican  to 
the  Thirty-fourth,  Thirty-fifth,  Thirty-sixth  Con- 
gresses (March  4,  1855-March  3,  1861)  ;  re- 
elected  to  the  Forty-second,  Forty-third,  and 
Forty-fourth  Congresses  (March  4,  1871-March 

3.  1877)  ;  died  in  Hillsdale,  Mich.,  September  13, 
1880. 

Wales,  George  Edward,  a  Representative  from 
Vermont ;  born  in  Westminster,  Windham  county, 
Vt.,  May  13,  1792 ;  received  a  limited  schooling ; 
studied  law  in  Westminster  and  Woodstock,  was 
admitted  to  the  bar  in  1812,  and  entered  practice 
in  Hartford,  Vt. ;  member  of  the  state  house  of 
representatives  1822,  1823,  and  1824,  and  speaker 
of  the  house  during  each  session ;  elected  to  the 
Nineteenth  and  Twentieth  Congresses  (March 

4,  1825-March  33,  1829)  ;   town  clerk  of  Hart- 
ford, Vt..  in  1840-1860 ;  judge  of  probate  for  the 
Hartford  district  1847-1850;  died  in  Hartford, 
Vt.,  January  8,  1860. 

Wales,  John,  a  Senator  from  Delaware ;  born 
in  New  Haven,  Conn.,  July  31,  1783 ;  pursued 
preparatory  studies  and  was  graduated  from 
Yale  college  in  1801 ;  studied  law,  was  admitted 
to  the  bar,  and  practiced  first  in  Connecticut, 
and  then  in  Baltimore,  Md.,  1813-1815 ;  moved  to 
Wilmington.  Del.,  in  1815,  and  became  president 
of  a  bank ;  secretary  of  state  of  Delaware  1845- 
1849 ;  elected  to  the  United  States  Senate,  to  fill 
vacancy  caused  by  the  resignation  of  John  M. 
Clayton,  and  served  from  February  3,  1849,  to 
March  3,  1851;  was  the  founder  of  Delaware 
college,  Newark,  Del. ;  died  in  Wilmington,  Del., 
December  3,  1863. 

Walker,  Amasa,  a  Representative  from  Mas- 
sachusetts ;  born  in  East  Woodstock,  Conn.,  May 
4,  1799 ;  moved  with  parents  to  North  Brookfield, 
Mass.,  where  he  completed  preparatory  studies; 
moved  to  Boston  and  engaged  in  mercantile 
pursuits  1825-1840;  delegate  in  the  national 
Democratic  convention  of  1836 ;  served  in  both 
branches  of  the  legislature  1848-1850;  served 
two  terms  as  secretary  of  the  state  of  Massa- 
chusetts ;  member  of  the  state  constitutional  con- 
vention of  1853;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the 
Thirty-seventh  Congress,  to  fill  vacancy  caused 
by  the  death  of  Goldsmith  F.  Bailey,  and  served 
from  December  1,  1862,  to  March  3,  1863 ;  presi- 


dential elector  on  the  Lincoln  and  Hamlin  ticket 
in  1860 ;  died  in  North  Brookfield,  Mass.,  October 
29,  1875. 

Walker,  Benjamin,  a  Representative  from 
New  York ;  born  in  England  in  1753 ;  elected  as 
a  Democrat  to  the  Seventh  Congress  (March  4, 
1801-March  3,  1803)  ;  died  in  Utica,  N.  Y.,  Janu- 
ary 13,  1818. 

Walker,  Charles  Christopher  Brainerd,  a 
Representative  from  New  York;  born  in  Drews- 
vine,  N.  H.,  June  27,  1824;  completed  prepara- 
tory studies;  moved  to  Corning,  N.  Y.,  in  1848, 
and  was  postmaster  1856-1860;  delegate  to  the 
Democratic  national  convention  in  Charleston 
in  1860,i  and  in  Baltimore  in  1872 ;  elected  as  a 
Democrat  to  the  Forty-fourth  Congress  (March 
4,  1875-March  3,  1877)  ;  died  in  Corning,  N.  Y., 
January  26,  1888. 

Walker,  David,  a  Representative  from  Ken- 
tucky ;  a  native  of  Todd  county,  Ky. :  elected 
to  the  Fifteenth  and  Sixteenth  Congresses  and 
served  from  March  4,  1817,  until  his  death  in 
Washington,  D.  C.,  March  1,  1820. 

Walker,  Felix,  a  Representative  from  North 
Carolina;  born  in  Hampshire  county,  Va.,  July 
19,  1753;  moved  to  North  Carolina,  and,  in  com- 
pany with  Daniel  Boone,  explored  Kentucky 
1774-1775;  returned  to  North  Carolina  and  lo- 
cated in  Rutherford  county;  clerk  of  the, county 
1789;  member  of  the  state  house  of  representa- 
tives 1792-1793,  1800-1802,  and  1806 ;  elected  to 
the  Fifteenth,  Sixteenth,  and  Seventeenth  Con- 
gresses (March  4,  1817-March  3,  1823)  ;  de- 
feated for  reelection ;  moved  to  Mississippi ;  died 
in  Clinton,  Miss.,  in  1828. 

Walker,  Francis,  a  Representative  froni  Vir- 
ginia;  elected  to  the  Third  Congress  (March  4, 
1793-March  3,  1795). 

Walker,  Freeman,  a  Senator  from  Georgia; 
born  in  Charles  City  county,  Va.,  October  25, 
1780 ;  attended  the  public  schools ;  moved  to  Au- 
gusta, Ga.,  in  1797;  studied  law,  was  admitted 
to  the  bar  in  1802,  and  practiced ;  member  of 
the  state  legislature  1807 ;  elected  to  the  United 
States  Senate,  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  the 
resignation  of  John  Forsyth,  and  served  from 
November  6,  1819,  to  August  8,  1821,  when  he 
resigned ;  died  in  Spring  Hill,  Richmond  county, 
Ga.,  September  23,  1827. 

Walker,  George,  a  Senator  from  Kentucky ; 
born  in  Culpeper  county,  Va.,  in  1768 ;  attended 
the  public  schools ;  moved  to  Kentucky ;  studied 
law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  practiced; 
a  commissioner  of  the  Kentucky  River  Com- 
pany in  1801;  state  senator  1810-1814;  ap- 
pointed to  the  United  States  Senate  to  fill 
vacancy  caused  by  the  resignation  of  George 
M.  Bibb,  and  served  from  August  30,  1814,  to 
December  36,  1814;  died  in  Nicholasville,  Ky., 
in  1819. 

Walker,  Gilbert  Carlton,  a  Representative 
from  Virginia ;  born  in  Cuba,  Alleghany  county, 
N.  Y.,  August  1,  1833;  received  a  thorough 
English  training,  and  was  gi-aduated  from  Ham- 
ilton college,  New  York,  in  1854;  studied  law. 
and  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1855:  practiced 
in  Oswego,  N.  Y.,  1855-1859,  and  in  Chicago, 
111.,  1859-1864;  moved  to  Norfolk,  Va.,  in  1864 


1084 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 


and  engaged  in  banking;  governor  of  Virginia 
1869-1874;  elected  as  a  Conservative  to  the 
Forty-fourth  and  Forty-fifth  Congresses  (March 
4,  1875-March  3,  1879)  ;  located  in  Bingham- 
ton,  N.  Y.,  in  1879,  and  practiced  law  for  two 
years ;  removed  to  New  York  City  in  1881 ;  died 
in  New  York  City  May  11,  1885. 

Walker,  Isaac  Pigeon,  a  Senator  from  Wis- 
consin ;  born  in  Lynchburg,  Va.,  November  2, 
1813;  received  a  limited  training  in  the  public 
schools ;  when  a  young  man  went  to  Illinois ;  a 
presidential  elector  on  the  Van  Buren  ticket  in 
1840;  removed  to  Wisconsin  Territory  in  1841, 
where  he  was  admitted  to  the  bar  and  entered 
upon  the  practice  of  law ;  member  of  the  terri- 
torial legislature  1847-1848;  on  the  admission 
of  Wisconsin  into  the  Union  was  elected  United 
States  Senator  as  a  Democrat;  was  reelected 
and  served  from  June  8,  1848,  to  March  3,  1855 ; 
resumed  the  practice  of  law  in  Milwaukee,  Wis., 
and  died  there  March  29,  1872. 

Walker,  James  Alexander,  a  Representative 
from  Virginia ;  born  in  Augusta  county,  Va., 
August  27,  1832;  was  graduated  from  the  Vir- 
ginia military  institute  in  1852 ;  studied  law  in 
the  University  of  Virginia  during  the  sessions 
of  1854  and  1855 ;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  and 
began  practice  in  Pulaski  county,  Va.,  in  1856 ; 
attorney  for  the  Commonwealth  in  1860 ;  en- 
tered the  Confederate  army  in  April,  1861,  as 
captain  of  the  Pulaski  guards,  afterwards  com- 
pany C,  fourth  Virginia  infantry,  Stonewall 
brigade;  lieutenant-colonel  and  assigned  to  the 
thirteenth  Virginia  infantry  in  July,  1861 ;  col- 
onel of  the  thirteenth  Virginia  infantry  in 
March,  1862,  and  brigadier-general  and  assigned 
to  command  of  the  "  Stonewall  brigade "  in 
May,  1863 ;  commanded  Early's  old  division  at 
the  surrender  of  Appomattox ;  severely  wound- 
ed at  Spottsylvania  Courthouse  May  12,  1864 ; 
member  of  the  house  of  delegates  of  Virginia 
1871-1872;  elected  lieutenant-governor  of  Vir- 
ginia in  1877 ;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the 
Fifty-fourth  and  Fifty-fifth  Congresses  (March 
4,  1895-March  3,  1899;  died  in  Wytheville,  Va., 
October  21,  1901. 

Walker,  James  Daniel,  a  Senator  from  Ar- 
kansas; born  in  Logan  county,  Ky.,  December 
13,  1830 ;  moved  to  Arkansas  in  1847 ;  attended 
the  private  schools  in  Kentucky  and  Ozark  in- 
stitute, Arkansas;  studied  law  and  was  admit- 
ted to  practice  in  Fayetteville,  Ark.,  in  1850; 
colonel  of  a  Confederate  regiment  in  the  Civil 
war;  resumed  the  practice  of  law  in  Fayette- 
ville, Ark. ;  solicitor-general  of  the  state  of  Ar- 
kansas ;  presidential  elector  in  1876  and  voted 
for  Tilden  and  Hendricks;  elected  as  a  Demo- 
crat to  the  United  States  Senate  and  served 
from  March  4,  1879,  to  March  3,  1885;  died  in 
Fayetteville,  Ark.,  October  18,  1906. 

Walker,  James  Peter,  a  Representative  from 
Missouri;  born  in  Lauderdale  county,  Tenn., 
March  14,  1851 ;  moved  to  Missduri  in  1867  and 
elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Fiftieth  and  Fifty- 
first  Congresses,  and  served  from  March  4, 
1887,  until  his  death,  July  20,  1890. 

Walker,  John,  a  Senator  from  Virginia; 
born  in  Castle  Hill,  Cobham,  Albemarle  county, 
Va.,  February  13,  1744;  received  a  liberal 
schooling;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the 


bar,  and  practiced ;  appointed  to  the  United 
States  Senate  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  the 
death  of  William  Grayson,  and  served  from 
March  31,  1790,  to  November  9,  1790;  died  in 
Orange  county,  Va.,  December  2,  1809. 

Walker,  John  Williams,  a  Senator  from  Ala- 
bama ;  born  in  Amelia  county,  Va.,  August  12, 
1783 ;  was  graduated  from  Princeton  college  in 
1800 ;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and 
practiced  in  Huntsville,  Ala. ;  was  several  times 
elected  to  the  legislature;  elected  to  the  United 
States  Senate  and  served  from  December  14. 
1819,  to  December,  1822,  when  he  resigned ;  died 
in  Huntsville,  Ala.,  April  23,  1823. 

Walker,  Joseph  Henry,  a  Representative  from 
Massachusetts ;  born  in  Boston,  Mass.,  Decem- 
ber 21,  1829 ;  moved  with  parents  to  Hopkinton 
in  1831,  and  to  Worcester,  Mass.,  in  1843;  at- 
tended the  public  schools;  engaged  in  manu- 
facturing ;  established  the  business  of  manufac- 
turing leather  in  Chicago,  111.,  in  1868;  several 
times  a  member  of  the  city  council  of  Worcester, 
and  of  the  Massachusetts  legislature  in  1879, 
1880,  and  1887;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the 
Fifty-first,  Fifty-second,  Fifty-third,  Fifty-fourth, 
and  Fifty-fifth  Congresses  (March  4,  1889-March 

3,  1899)  ;  defeated  for  the  Fifty-sixth  Congress; 
died  in  Worcester,  Mass.,  April  3,  1906. 

Walker,  Percy,  a  Representative  from  Ala- 
bama ;  born  in  Madison  county,  Ala.,  in  Decem- 
ber, 1812 ;  completed  preparatory  studies ;  was 
graduated  from  the  medical  department  of  the 
university  of  Pennsylvania  in  1835 ;  began  prac- 
tice in  Mobile,  Ala. ;  served  in  the  campaign 
against  the  Creek  Indians;  studied  law,  was 
admitted  to  the  bar,  and  practiced  in  Mobile; 
four  years  state  attorney  for  the  sixth  judicial 
district ;  member  of  the  state  house  of  repre- 
sentatives 1839,  1847,  and  1853;  elected  as  an 
American  to  the  Thirty-fourth  Congress  (March 

4,  1855-March  3,  1857)  ;   declined  a   reuoniina- 
tion ;  died  in  Mobile,  Ala.,  December  31,  1880. 

Walker,  Robert  John,  a  Senator  from  Missis- 
sippi;  born  in  Northumberland.  Pa.,  July  23, 
1801 ;  was  graduated  from  the  university  of 
Pennsylvania  in  1819 ;  studied  law,  was  admitted 
to  the  bar,  and  began  practice  in  Pittsburgh, 
Pa.,  1822-1826;  moved  to  Mississippi  in  1826 
and  located  in  Madisonville ;  elected  as  a  Demo- 
crat to  the  United  States  Senate;  reelected 
and  served  from  March  4,  1835,  to  March  5.  1845, 
when  he  resigned;  Secretary  of  the  Treasury 
March  6,  1845,  to  March  6,  1849;  declined  the 
mission  to  China  tendered  by  President  Pierce 
in  1853;  appointed  governor  of  Kansas  April  10, 
1857,  but  resigned  in  1858 ;  financial  agent  to 
Europe  in  1863-1864 ;  died  in  Washington,  D.  C., 
November  11,  1869. 

Walker,  Robert  Jarvis  Cochran,  a  Repre- 
sentative from  Pennsylvania ;  born  in  Chester 
county,  Pa.,  October  20,  1838;  attended  East 
Hampton  and  Old  Cambridge,  Mass. ;  was  grad- 
uated from  Dane  hall,  Harvard  university,  in 
1858;  admitted  to  the  Philadelphia  bar  October 
20,  1859;  elected  a  director  of  the  first  school 
district  of  Pennsylvania ;  twice  elected  to  the 
councils  of  Philadelphia  ;  for  a  considerable  time 
owner  and  editor  of  the  Saturday  Evening  Post ; 
moved  to  Williamsport,  Pa.,  in  1878,  and  engaged 
in  land,  lumber,  and  coal  interests ;  elected  as 


BIOGRAPHIES. 


1085 


a  Republican  to  the  Forty-seventh  Congress 
(March  4,  1881-March  3,  1883)  ;  died  in  Phila- 
delphia, Pa.,  December  19,  1903. 

Walker,  William  A.,  a  Representative  from 
New  York ;  born  in  New  Hampshire  in  1804 ; 
attended  the  common  schools ;  moved  to  New 
York  City ;  held  several  local  offices ;  elected  as 
a  Democrat  to  the  Thirty-third  Congress  (March 

4,  1853-March  3,  1855)  ;  died  in  New  York  City 
December  18,  1861. 

Wall,  Garret  Dorset,  a  Senator  from  New 
Jersey ;  born  in  Middletown,  N.  J.,  March  10, 
1783 ;  completed  preparatory  studies ;  studied 
law,  and  in  1807  was  admitted  to  the  bar;  be- 
gan practice  in  Burlington,  N.  J. ;  served  in  the 
War  of  1812,  and  commanded  a  volunteer  regi- 
ment from  Trenton ;  clerk  of  the  supreme  court 
1812-1817 ;  quartermaster-general  of  the  state 
1815-1837;  served  in  the  state  assembly  1827; 
United  States  district  attorney  for  New  Jersey 
in  1829 ;  elected,  but  declined  to  serve  as  gov- 
ernor of  New  Jersey ;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to 
the  United  States  Senate,  and  served  from 
March  4,  1835,  to  March  3,  1841;  judge  of  the 
court  of  errors  and  appeals  of  New  Jersey  from 
1848  until  his  death  in  Burlington,  N.  J.,  No- 
vember 22,  1850. 

Wall,  James  Walter,  a  Senator  from  New 
Jersey;  born  in  Trenton,  N.  J.,  May  26,  1820; 
was  graduated  from  Princeton  college  in  183S; 
studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  in 
1841  began  practice  in  Trenton ;  moved  to  Bur- 
lington in  1847,  and  in  1854  was  mayor  of  the 
city ;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  United  States 
Senate  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  the  death  of 
John  R.  Thomson,  and  served  from  January  14, 
1863,  to  March  3,  1863 ;  died  in  Elizabeth,  N.  J., 
June  9,  1872. 

Wall,  William,  a  Representative  from  New 
York ;  born  in  Philadelphia,  Pa.,  March  20,  1801 ; 
received  a  limited  schooling;  learned  the  trade 
of  ropemaker,  and  moved  to  Kings  county,  Long 
Island,  in  1822 ;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the 
Thirty-seventh  Congress  (March  4,  1861-March 

5,  1863)  ;  died  in  Brooklyn,  N.  Y.,  April  20,  1872. 

Wallace,  Alexander  Stewart,  a  Representa- 
tive from  South  Carolina ;  born  in  York  county, 
S.  C.,  December  30,  1810;  received  a  limited 
schooling;  engaged  in  planting;  served  several 
terms  in  the  state  legislature ;  elected  to  the 
Forty-first,  Forty-second,  Forty-third,  and  Forty- 
fourth  Congresses  (March  4,  1869-March  3, 
1877)  died  in  York  county,  S.  C.,  June  27,  1893. 

Wallace,  Daniel,  a  Representative  from  South 
Carolina  ;  native  of  Laurens  county,  S.  C. ;  moved 
with  parents  to  Union  county  in  1833;  received 
a  limited  schooling;  studied  law.  was  admitted 
to  the  bar,  and  practiced  in  Union  and  Jones- 
ville,  S.  C.,  also  engaged  in  farming;  served 
several  terms  in  the  state  legislature;  elected  to 
the  Thirtieth  Congress,  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by 
the  death  of  James  A.  Black ;  reelected  to  the 
Thirty-first  and  Thirty-second  Congresses  and 
served  from  June  12,  1848,  to  March  3,  1853; 
died  in  Jonesville,  S.  C.,  May  13,  1859. 

Wallace,  David,  a  Representative  from  In- 
diana; born  in  Mifflin  county,  Pa.,  April  4, 
1789;  moved  with  parents  to  Brookville,  Ind., 
in  1817;  was  graduated  from  West  Point  mili- 
tary academy  in  1820;  served  in  the  Regular 


Army  as  second  lieutenant  of  the  second  artil- 
lery and  resigned  in  1822 ;  returned  to  Brook- 
ville, Ind.,  studied  law,  and  was  admitted  to  the 
bar  in  1824 ;  member  of  the  state  legislature 
1828-1830 ;  removed  to  Covington,  lud.,  in  1830 ; 
lieutenant  governor  of  Indiana  1831-1837 ;  gov- 
ernor 1837-1840;  located  in  Indianapolis  and 
practiced  law;  elected  as  a  Whig  to  the  Twenty- 
seventh  Congress  (March  4,  1841-March  3, 
1843)  ;  defeated  for  reelection;  delegate  to  the 
state  constitutional  convention  of  1850;  judge 
of  the  court  of  common  pleas  of  Marion  county 
1856-1859 ;  died  in  Indianapolis,  Ind.,  September 
4,  1859. 

Wallace,  James,  a  Representative  from  Penn- 
sylvania ;  born  in  Hanover  township,  Lancaster 
(now  Dauphin)  county,  Pa.,  in  1750;  pursued 
preparatory  studies  in  Philadelphia ;  partici- 
pated in  the  Revolution  as  a  member  of  Captain 
William  Brown's  regiment ;  commanded  a  com- 
pany of  rangers  in  defense  of  the  frontier  in 
1779 ;  became  brigadier  general  of  the  state  mi- 
litia ;  elected  to  the  Fourteenth,  Fifteenth,  and 
Sixteenth  Congresses  (March  4,  1815-March  3, 
1821)  ;  died  in  West  Hanover  township,  Dau- 
phin county,  Pa.,  December  17,  1823. 

Wallace,  John  W.,  a  Representative  from 
Pennsylvania ;  born  in  Beaver  Falls,  Pa.,  De- 
cember 20,  1818 ;  completed  preparatory  studies ; 
was  graduated  from  the  Jefferson  medical  col- 
lege in  Philadelphia  in  1846;  practiced  in  Dar- 
lington, and  in  1850  moved  to  New  Castle,  Pa. ; 
held  several  local  offices;  elected  as  a  Repub- 
lican to  the  Thirty-seventh  Congress  (March  4, 
1861-March  3,  1863);  defeated  for  reelection; 
served  in  the  Union  army ;  presidential  elector 
in  1872  on  the  Grant  and  Wilson  ticket ;  elected 
as  a  Republican  to  the  Forty-fourth  Congress 
(March  4,  1875-March  3,  1877)  ;  died  in  New 
Castle,  Pa.,  June  12,  1889. 

Wallace,  Jonathan  Hasson,  a  Representative 
from  Ohio ;  born  in  St.  Clair  township,  Colum- 
biaua  county,  Ohio,  October  31,  1824 ;  attended 
Washington  college,  Pa. ;  studied  law,  was  ad- 
mitted to  the  bar,  and  commenced  practice  in 
New  Lisbon,  Ohio ;  prosecuting  attorney  of  Co- 
lumbiana  county  in  1851  and  1853;  elected  as  a 
Democrat  to  the  Forty-eighth  Congress  and  was 
seated  May  27,  1884,  after  contesting  the  claims 
of  William  McKinley,  who  presented  creden- 
tials as  the  member-elect  and  who  served  until 
the  date  given;  served  from  May  27,  1884,  to 
March  3,  1885;  died  in  Lisbon,  Ohio,  October 
29,  1892. 

Wallace,  Nathaniel  Dick,  a  Representative 
from  Louisiana ;  born  in  Columbia,  Tenn.,  Oc- 
tober 27,  1845;  attended  English  schools  and 
was  graduated  from  Trinity  college,  Dublin, 
Ireland,  in  1865;  returned  home  two  years  af- 
terwards ;  entered  into  the  commission  business 
in  New  Orleans,  La.,  in  1878 ;  twice  elected 
president  of  the  New  Orleans  produce  exchange; 
active  in  manufacturing  interests;  elected  to 
the  Forty-ninth  Congress,  to  fill  vacancy  caused 
by  the  death  of  Michael  Hahn,  and  served  from 
December  9,  1886,  to  March  3,  1887;  died  near 
Asheville,  N.  C.,  July  16,  1894. 

Wallace,  Robert  Minor,  a  Representative 
from  Arkansas ;  born  in  New  London,  Union 
county,  Ark.,  August  6,  1857;  entered  Arizona 


1086 


CONGRESSIONAL   DIRECTORY. 


college,  Louisiana,  1872,  and  was  graduated  in 
1876;  studied  law  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar 
in  Little  Rock,  Ark.,  in  1877;  practiced  in  Mag- 
nolia, Ark. ;  member  of  the  legislature  in  1881 ; 
post-office  inspector  1887-1889;  prosecuting  at- 
torney thirteenth  circuit  1890-1892;  assistant 
United  States  attorney  1895,  in  Texarkana ; 
elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Fifty-eighth,  Fifty- 
ninth,  Sixtieth,  and  Sixty-first  Congresses 
(March  4,  1903-March  3,  1911)  ;  resumed  the 
practice  of  law  in  Hot  Springs,  Ark. 

Wallace,  Rodney,  a  Representative  from 
Massachusetts;  born  in  New  Ipswich,  N.  H., 
December  21,  1823 ;  attended  the  common  schools 
of  New  Hampshire ;  engaged  in  the  manufacture 
of  paper ;  selectman  of  Fitchburg  in  1864,  1865, 
and  1867 ;  representative  in  the  general  court  of 
Massachusetts  in  1873;  councilor  of  state  in 
1880,  1881,  and  1882 ;  elected  as  a  Republican  to 
the  Fifty-first  Congress  (March  4,  1889-March  3, 
1891)  ;  died  in  Fitchburg,  Mass.,  February  27, 
1903. 

Wallace,  William  Andrew,  a  Senator 
from  Pennsylvania ;  born  in  Huntingdon,  Pa., 
November  28,  1827 ;  moved  with  parents  to  Clear- 
field,  Pa.,  when  a  child;  attended  the  Clearfield 
academy,  and  was  afterwards  one  of  the 
masters ;  read  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and 
practiced  in  Clearfield;  member  of  the  state 
senate  1862-1875,  and  speaker  in  1871 ;  member 
of  the  national  Democratic  convention  of  1864, 
and  senatorial  delegate  and  chairman  of  the 
Pennsylvania  delegation  in  the  national  Demo- 
cratic convention  of  1872;  member  of  the  com- 
mission to  suggest  amendments  to  the  constitu- 
tion of  Pennsylvania  in  1874;  chairman  of  the 
Pennsylvania  delegation  in  the  Democratic  na- 
tional convention  in  St.  Louis,  Mo.,  in  1876,  and 
a  delegate  in  the  Chicago  convention  of  1884 ; 
reelected  state  senator  in  1882  and  served  until 
1887 ;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  United  States 
Senate  and  served  from  March  4, 1875,  to  March 
3,  1881 ;  died  in  New  York  City  May  22,  1896. 

Wallace,  William  Copeland,  a  Representative 
from  New  York;  born  in  Brooklyn,  N.  Y.,  May 
21,  1856 ;  was  graduated  from  Wesleyan  uni- 
versity, Middletown,  Conn.,  in  1876,  and  from 
Columbia  college  law  school,  New  York  City,  in 
1878;  assistant  United  States  attorney  for  the 
southern  district  of  New  York  1880-1883 ;  judge 
advocate  general  on  the  staff  of  Governor  Mor- 
ton ;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Fifty-first 
Congress  (March  4,  1889-March  3,  1891)  ;  dele- 
gate in  several  Republican  national  conventions ; 
died  in  his  country  home  at  Warwick,  N.  Y., 
September  4,  1901. 

Wallace,  William  Henson,  a  Delegate  from 
Washington  and  Idaho  territories ;  born  in 
Miami  county,  Ohio,  July  17,  1811 ;  attended  the 
schools  of  Indiana ;  moved  to  Iowa  in  1837 ; 
served  one  year  as  speaker  of  the  Iowa  state 
house  of  representatives;  moved  to  Washington 
territory  in  1853  and  served  several  years  in 
the  state  legislature;  governor  of  Washington 
territory  in  1861 ;  elected  a  Delegate  from 
Washington  territory  to  the  Thirty-seventh  Con- 
gress (March  4.  1861-March  3,  1863)  ;  appointed 
governor  of  Idaho  territory  in  1863 ;  elected 
a  Delegate  from  Idaho  territory  to  the  Thirty- 
eighth  Congress  (March  4,  1863-March  3,  1865)  ; 
died  in  Steilacoom,  Pierce  county,  Wash.,  Febru- 
ary 27,  1879. 


Walley,  Samuel  Hurd,  a  Representative  from 
Massachusetts ;  born  in  Boston,  Mass.,  August  31, 
1805;  was  graduated  from  Harvard  college  in 
1826 ;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  Suffolk 
bar  in  1831,  and  practiced  in  Boston  and  Rox- 
bury ;  engaged  in  banking ;  a  member  of  the  state 
house  of  representatives  1836,  1840-1846,  arid 
speaker  in  sessions  of  1844,  1845,  and  1846; 
elected  as  a  Whig  to  the  Thirty-third  Congress 
(March  4,  1853-March  3,  1855)  ;  defeated  for  re- 
election ;  defeated  as  the  Whig  candidate  for 
governor  in  1855;  died  in  Nantasket  Beach, 
Mass.,  August  27,  1877. 

Walling,  Ansel  Tracy,  a  Representative  from 
Ohio ;  born  in  Otsego  county,  N.  Y.,  January  10, 
1824 ;  moved  to  Erie  county,  Pa.,  where  he  at- 
tended an  academy ;  studied  medicine  and  prac- 
ticed a  short  time ;  learned  the  art  of  printing ; 
moved  to  Ohio  in  1843  and  engaged  in  news- 
paper work ;  clerk  of  the  legislature  1851-1852 ; 
.studied  law,  and  in  1852  was  admitted  to  the 
bar ;  moved  to  Keokuk,  Iowa,  and  was  editor 
of  the  Daily  Times  1855-1858;  delegate  to  the 
Democratic  national  convention  of  1856 ;  re- 
turned to  Ohio  in  1861  and  located  in  Circle- 
ville,  where  he  resumed  the  practice  of  law; 
state  senator  in  1865 ;  member  of  the  house 
of  representatives  in  1867  and  served  as  speaker 
pro  tempore;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the 
Forty-fourth  Congress  (March  4,  1875-March  3, 
1877)  ;  died  in  Circleville,  Ohio,  June  22,  1896. 

Walls,  Josiah  Thomas,  a  Representative  from 
Florida ;  born  in  Winchester,  Va.,  December  30, 
3542;  received  a  limited  schooling;  engaged  in 
farming ;  member  of  the  constitutional  conven- 
tion of  1868 ;  state  senator  1869-1872 ;  presented 
credentials  as  a  member-elect  to  the  Forty- 
second  Congress,  and  served  from  March  4, 
1871,  until  January  29,  1873,  when  he  was  suc- 
ceeded by  Silas  L.  Niblack,  who  contested  his 
election ;  reelected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Forty- 
third  and  Forty-fourth  Congresses  (March  4, 
1873-March  3,  1877)  ;  died  in  Tallahassee,  Fla., 
May  5,  1905. 

Wain,  Robert,  a  Representative  from  Penn- 
sylvania;  born  in  Philadelphia,  Pa.,  February 
22,  1765 ;  received  a  limited  schooling ;  engaged 
as  a  merchant;  elected  to  the  Fifth  Congress, 
to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  the  death  of  John 
Swanwick ;  reelected  as  a  Federalist  to  the 
Sixth  Congress  and  served  from  December  B. 
1798,  to  March  3,  1801;  died  in  Philadelphia, 
Pa.,  January  24,  1836. 

Walsh,  James  J.,  a  Representative  from  New 
York;  born  in  New  York  City,  May  22,  1858; 
attended  public  schools,  and  St.  James  parochial 
school,  and  was  graduated  from  Manhattan  col- 
lege in  1877 ;  studied  law,  attended  the  Colum- 
bia college  law  school,  and  was  admitted  to  the 
bar  in  1880,  and  practiced  in  New  York  City ; 
inspector  of  common  schools  for  six  years ;  pre- 
sented credentials  as  a  Democratic  Member-elect 
to  the  Fifty-fourth  Congress,  and  served  from 
March  4,  1895,  to  June  2,  1896,  when  he  was 
succeeded  by  John  M.  Mitchell,  who  contested 
his  election ;  resumed  the  practice  of  law  in 
New  York  City. 

Walsh,  Michael,  a  Representative  from  New 
York ;  born  in  Ireland  March  7,  1810 ;  was 
graduated  from  Trinity  college,  Dublin :  emi- 
grated to  America  and  located  in  Baltimore; 


BIOGRAPHIES. 


1087 


learned  the  trade  of  lithographic  printer  and 
moved  to  New  York ;  member  of  the  state  house 
of  representatives  in  1839;  established  The 
Knickerbocker  publication,  which  was  stopped 
after  two  years  by  his  conviction  for  the  publi- 
cation of  a  libel ;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the 
Thirty-third  Congress  (March  4,  1853-March  3, 
1855)  ;  died  in  New  York  City  March  17,  1859. 

Walsh,  Patrick,  a  Senator  from  Georgia ; 
born  in  Ballingarry,  county  Limerick,  Ireland, 
January  1,  1840;  his  parents  and  family  settled 
in  Charleston,  S.  C.,  in  1852;  a  journeyman 
printer  in  1857 ;  attended  night  schools  and 
Charleston  high  school  and  Georgetown  col- 
lege, D.  C.,  1859-1861;  returned  to  Charleston 
and  entered  the  state  military  service ;  moved 
to  Augusta,  Ga.,  in  1862,  and  for  thirty-two 
years  was  connected  with  the  press  of  that  city, 
most  of  the  time  as  manager  and  editor  of  the 
Augusta  Chronicle;  treasurer  and  general  man- 
ager of  the  Southern  Associated  Press;  mem- 
ber of  the  city  council  of  Augusta  in  1870; 
member  of  the  state  legislature  1872,  1874,  and 
1876;  delegate  at  large  in  the  Democratic  na- 
tional convention  in  Chicago  in  1884 ;  four  years 
a  member  of  the  Democratic  national  executive 
committee;  member  World's  Columbian  exposi- 
tion ;  appointed  as  a  Democrat  to  the  United 
States  Senate,  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  the 
death  of  Alfred  H.  Colquitt ;  subsequently  elect- 
ed, and  served  from  April  2,  1894,  to  March  3, 
1895 ;  mayor  of  Augusta  1897-1899 ;  died  in  Au- 
gusta, Ga.,  March  19,  1899. 

Walsh,  Thomas  Yates,  a  Representative  from 
Maryland ;  born  in  Baltimore,  Md.,  in  1809 ; 
completed  preparatory  studies  and  attended  St. 
Mary's  college,  Baltimore;  studied  law  and  was 
admitted  to  the  bar  in  1832 ;  member  of  city 
council  1840-1848;  elected  as  a  Whig  to  the 
Thirty-second  Congress  (March  4,  1851-March 
3,  1853)  ;  defeated  for  reelection;  died  in  Balti- 
more, Md.,  January  20,  1865. 

Walsh,  William,  a  Representative  from  Ma- 
ryland;  born  in  Ireland  May  11,  1828;  emi- 
grated to  America  in  1842  and  located  in  Vir- 
ginia ;  was  graduated  from  Mount  St.  Mary's 
college  of  Maryland ;  studied  law,  and  in  1850 
was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  Virginia ;  began 
practicing  in  Cumberland,  Md.,  in  1852;  presi- 
dential elector  on  the  Democratic  ticket  in  1860 
and  1872 ;  member  of  the  state  constitutional 
convention  of  1867;  elected  to  the  Forty-fourth 
and  Forty-fifth  Congresses  (March  4,  1875- 
March  3,  1879)  ;  died  in  Cumberland,  Md.,  May 
17,  1892. 

Walthall,  Edward  Cary,  a  Senator  from  Mis- 
sissippi; born  in  Richmond,  Va.,  April  4,  1831; 
pursued  an  academic  course  in  Holly  Springs, 
Miss. ;  studied  law  in  Holly  Springs,  Miss. ;  was 
admitted  to  the  bar  .in  1852  and  commenced 
practice  in  Coffeeville,  Miss. ;  elected  district 
attorney  for  the  tenth  judicial  district  of  Mis- 
sissippi in  1856.  and  reelected  in  1859;  resigned 
in  the  spring  of  1861  and  entered  the  Confeder- 
ate service  as  a  lieutenant  in  the  fifteenth  Mis- 
sissippi regiment ;  soon  after  elected  lieutenant- 
colonel  of  the  regiment;  in  the  spring  of  1862 
elected  colonel  of  the  Twenty-ninth  Mississippi 
regiment:  promoted  to  brigadier-general  in  De- 
cember, 1862,  and  major-general  in  June.  1864; 
resumed  the  practice  of  law  in  Coffeeville  until 


January,  1871,  when  he  moved  to  Grenada. 
Miss.,  and  continued  practice  there  until  March, 
1885;  appointed  as  a  Democrat  to  the  United 
States  Senate  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  the  res- 
ignation of  Lucius  Q.  C.  Lamar;  subsequently 
elected  to  fill  the  vacancy,  and  reelected  and 
served  from  March  9,  1885,  until  January  24, 
1894,  when  he  resigned;  reelected  for  the  term 
beginning  March  4,  1895,  and  served  from  that 
date  until  his  death  in  Washington,  D.  C.,  April 
21, 1898. 

Walton,  Charles  Wesley,  a  Representative 
from  Maine;  born  in  Mexico,  Me.,  December  9, 
1819;  attended  the  common  schools;  studied 
law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  in  1843  be- 
gan practice  in  Mexico ;  attorney  for  Oxford 
county  1847-1851;  moved  to  Auburn,  Me.,  in 
1855;  attorney  for  Androscoggin  county  1857- 
1860 ;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Thirty- 
seventh  Congress  and  served  from  March  4, 
1861,  to  May  26,  1862,  when  he  resigned ;  asso- 
ciate justice  of  the  state  supreme  court  for 
thirty-five  years ;  died  in  Portland,  Me.,  January 
24, 1900. 

Walton,  Eliakim  Persons,  a  Representative 
from  Vermont ;  born  in  Montpelier,  Vt.,  Feb- 
ruary 17,  1812;  attended  the  public  schools;  ap- 
prenticed to  a  printer ;  studied  law  and  was  ad- 
mitted to  the  bar;  served  in  the  state  senate; 
elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Thirty-fifth, 
Thirty-sixth,  and  Thirty-seventh  Congresses 
(March  4,  1857-March  3,  1863)  ;  delegate  to  the 
Republican  national  convention  in  Philadelphia 
in  1864;  died  in  Montpelier,  Vt.,  December  19, 
1890. 

Walton,  George,  a  Delegate  and  a  Senator 
from  Georgia ;  born  in  Prince  Edward  county, 
Va.,  in  1749 ;  attended  the  public  schools ;  moved 
to  Savannah,  Ga.,  in  1769 ;  studied  law,  was  ad- 
mitted to  the  bar  in  1774,  and  began  practice 
in  Augusta,  Ga. ;  secretary  of  the  Provincial 
Congress  in  1774,  and  a  member  of  the  "  com- 
mittee of  intelligence  " ;  member  of  the  council 
of  safety ;  served  several  terms  in  the  state  leg- 
islature; Delegate  in  the  Continental  Congress 
1776-1781  ;  signer  of  the  Declaration  of  Inde- 
pendence; served  in  the  Revolutionary  war  and 
was  captured  in  Savannah ;  governor  of  Georgia 
1779-1781;  chief  justice  of  Georgia  1788-1786; 
elected  a  delegate  to  the  convention  to  frame  the 
Federal  Constitution  in  1787,  but  declined ;  again 
governor  in  1789,  and  again  chief  justice  in  1793 ; 
appointed  to  the  United  States  Senate  to  fill 
vacancy  caused  by  the  resignation  of  James 
Jackson,  and  served  from  November  16,  1795,  to 
February  20,  1796 ;  a  commissioner  to  treat  with 
the  Indians  at  Easton,  Pa.,  and  to  negotiate  a 
treaty  with  the  Cherokees  in  Tennessee ;  judge 
of  the  middle  circuit  of  Georgia ;  died  in  Au- 
gusta, Ga.,  February  2,  1804. 

Walton,  Matthew,  a  Representative  from 
Kentucky ;  received  a  limited  schooling ;  elected 
to  the  Eighth  and  Ninth  Congresses  (March  4, 
1803-March  3,  1807)  ;  died  January  18,  1819. 

Walworth,  Reuben  Hyde,  a  Representative 
from  New  York ;  born  in  Bozrah,  Conn.,  Octo- 
ber 26,  1788;  moved  to  a  farm  near  Hoosick, 
N.  Y.,  in  1796;  attended  the  common  schools; 
studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1809, 
and  in  1811  began  practice  in  Plattsburg;  master 
in  chancery  and  circuit  judge;  served  in  the 


1088 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 


War  of  1812;  aid-de-camp  to  General  Benja- 
min Mooers,  and  division  judge  advocate  with 
rank  of  colonel ;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the 
Seventeenth  Congress  (March  4,  1821-March  3, 
1823)  ;  judge  of  the  fourth  judicial  district  of 
New  York  1823-1828;  removed  to  Saratoga 
Springs,  N.  Y.,  in  October,  1828;  chancellor  of 
the  state  of  New  York  1828-1848,  when  the 
office  of  chancellor  was  abolished ;  appointed  to 
the  United  States  Supreme  Court  by  President 
Tyler  in  1844,  but  was  not  confirmed  by  the 
Senate ;  died  in  Saratoga  Springs,  N.  Y.,  Novem- 
ber 27,  1867. 

Wanger,  Irving'  Price,  a  Representative  from 
Pennsylvania ;  born  in  North  Coventry,  Chester 
county,  Pa.,  March  5,  1852 ;  attended  the  public 
schools  of  North  Coventry  and  Pottstown,  and 
the  Friends  high  school  in  West  Chester,  Pa. ; 
began  the  study  of  law  in  Norristown  in  1872, 
and  was  admitted  to  the  bar  December  18,  1875, 
and  engaged  in  practice  in  Norristown,  Pa. ; 
elected  burgess  of  Norristown  in  1878 ;  delegate 
to  the  Republican  national  convention  in  1880; 
elected  district  attorney  of  Montgomery  county 
in  1880  and  again  in  1886 ;  elected  as  a  Repub- 
lican to  the  Fifty-third,  and  to  the  eight  suc- 
ceeding Congresses  (March  4,  1893-March  3, 
1910)  ;  resumed  the  practice  of  law  in  Norris- 
town, Pa. 

Ward,  Aaron,  a  Representative  from  New 
York;  born  in  Sing  Sing,  N.  Y.,  July  5,  1790; 
completed  preparatory  studies  in  Mount  Pleasant 
academy ;  served  in  the  War  of  1812  as  lieutenant 
and  captain  in  the  twenty-ninth  infantry ; 
studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  began 
practice  in  Sing  Sing;  district  attorney  for 
Westchester  county ;  served  in  the  state  militia 
as  colonel,  brigadier-general,  and  major-general ; 
elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Nineteenth  and 
Twentieth  Congresses  (March  4,  1825-March  3, 
1829)  ;  reelected  to  the  Twenty-second,  Twenty- 
third,  and  Twenty-fourth  Congresses  (March  4, 
1831-March  3,  1837)  ;  again  elected  to  the 
Twenty-seventh  Congress  (March  4,  1841-March 
3,  1843)  ;  delegate  to  the  state  constitutional 
convention  of  1846;  defeated  on  the  Democratic 
ticket  for  secretary  of  state  in  1855 ;  died  in 
Georgetown,  D.  C.,  March  2,  1867. 

Ward,  Andrew  H.,  a  Representative  from 
Kentucky ;  a  native  of  Harrison  county,  Ky. ; 
received  a  limited  schooling ;  elected  to  the 
Thirty-ninth  Congress,  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by 
the  resignation  of  William  Smith,  and  served 
from  December  3,  1866,  to  March  3,  1867;  died 
in  Cynthiana,  Ky.,  April  17,  1904. 

Ward  Artemas,  a  Representative  from  Massa- 
chusetts; born  in  Shrewsbury,  Mass.,  November 
27,  1727;  was  graduated  from  Harvard  college 
in  1748 ;  a  representative  in  the  general  assembly 
and  in  the  executive  council ;  lieutenant-colonel 
in  the  provincial  army  against  Canada ;  com- 
missioned by  the  Continental  Congress,  and  took 
command  of  the  troops  before  Boston,  but  was 
soon  superceded  by  Washington ;  brigadier-gen- 
eral and  first  on  the  list  of  major-generals  in 
the  Revolutionary  army ;  chief  justice  of  the 
court  of  common  pleas  of  Worcester  county  in 
1776;  president  of  the  Massachusetts  executive 
council  in  1777 ;  member  of  the  general  assem- 
bly 1779-1785,  and  speaker  the  last  year;  elected 
a  Delegate  to  the  Continental  Congress  1779- 


1781,  but  on  account  of  ill  health  did  not  take 
his  seat,  elected  as  a  Federalist  to  the  Second 
and  Third  Congresses  (March  4,  1791-March  3, 
1795),  died  in  Shrewsbury,  Mass.,  October  27, 
1800. 

Ward,  Artemas,  jr.,  a  Representative  from 
Massachusetts;  born  in  Shrewsbury,  Mass.,  Jan- 
uary 9,  1762 ;  was  graduated  from  Harvard  col- 
lege in  1783 ;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the 
bar,  and  practiced  in  Shrewsbury  until  1809, 
when  he  moved  to  Boston ;  elected  as  a  Peace 
candidate  to  the  Thirteenth  and  Fourteenth 
Congresses  (March  4,  1813-March  3,  1817); 
chief  justice  of  the  court  of  common  pleas  1820- 
1839 ;  served  in  the  state  legislature ;  died  in 
Boston,  Mass.,  October  7,  1847. 

Ward,  Elijah,  a  Representative  from  New 
York ;  born  in  Sing  Sing,  N.  Y.,  September  16, 
1816 ;  pursued  classical  studies ;  engaged  in 
commercial  pursuits  in  New  York  City ;  studied 
law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  in  1843  began 
practice  in  New  York  City ;  judge  advocate 
general  of  the  state  1853-1855 ;  member  of  the 
national  Democratic  convention  in  Cincinnati  in 
1856;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Thirty-fifth 
Congress  (March  4,  1857-March  3,  1859)  ;  de- 
feated for  reelection ;  elected  to  the  Thirty-sev- 
enth and  Thirty-eighth  Congresses  (March  4, 
1861-March  3,  1865)  ;  defeated  for  reelection ; 
elected  to  the  Forty-fourth  Congress  (March  4, 
1875-March  3,  1877);  defeated  for  reelection; 
died  in  Roslyn,  N.  Y.,  February  7,  1882. 

Ward,  Hamilton,  a  Representative  from  New 
York;  born  in  Salisbury,  N.  Y.,  July  3,  1829; 
pursued  classical  studies;  studied  law,  was  ad- 
mitted to  the  bar,  and  began  practice  in  Bel- 
mont ;  appointed  in  1862  by  the  governor  to 
raise  and  equip  troops  for  the  Civil  war ;  elected 
to  the  Thirty-ninth,  Fortieth,  and  Forty-first 
Congresses  (March  4,  1865-March  3,  1871)  ;  at- 
torney-general of  New  York  in  1879 ;  member  of 
the  state  constitutional  commission  1889-1891 ; 
appointed  justice  of  the  state  supreme  court 
and  afterwards  elected,  and  served  from  1891, 
until  his  death,  in  Albany,  N.  Y.,  December  28, 
1898. 

Ward,  James  Hugh,  a  Representative  from 
Illinois;  born  in  Chicago,  111.,  November  30, 
1853;  attended  the  public  schools  of  Chicago, 
and  was  graduated  from  the  University  of  Notre 
Dame,  Indiana,  in  1873 ;  attended  the  Union 
college  of  law  in  Chicago,  and  was  graduated  in 
1876 ;  admitted  to  the  bar  in  July,  1876,  and  be- 
gan practice;  elected  supervisor  of  the  town  of 
West  Chicago  in  1879 ;  elector  on  the  Cleveland 
and  Hendricks  ticket  in  1884 ;  elected  as  a  Dem- 
ocrat to  the  Forty -ninth  Congress  (March  4, 
1885-March  3,  1887)  ;  declined  a  renomination ; 
I'esumed  the  practice  of  law  in  Chicago,  111. 

Ward,  Jasper  D.,  a  Representative  from  Illi- 
nois; a  native  of  Chicago,  111.;  elected  as  a  Re- 
publican to  the  Forty-third  Congress  (March  4, 
1873-March  3,  1875)  ;  defeated  for  reelection. 

Ward,  Jonathan,  a  Representative  from  New 
York ;  native  of  Westchester  county,  N.  Y. ;  re- 
ceived a  limited  schooling ;  elected  as  a  Demo- 
crat to  the  Fourteenth  Congress  (March  4, 
1815-March  3,  1817). 


BIOGEAPHIES. 


1089 


Ward,  Marcus  Lawrence,  a  Representative 
from  New  Jersey ;  born  in  Newark,  N.  J.,  No- 
vember 9,  1812;  received  a  limited  schooling; 
engaged  in  manufacturing;  delegate  to  the  na- 
tional Republican  convention  in  1860  in  Chicago 
and  in  1864  in  Baltimore;  presidential  elector 
on  the  Republican  ticket  in  3864;  defeated  for 
governor  of  New  Jersey  in  1862 ;  elected  gov- 
ernor 1865-1868;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the 
Forty-third  Congress  (March  4,  1873-March  3, 
1875)  ;  died  in  Newark,  N.  J.,  April  25,  1884. 

Ward,  Matthew,  a  Senator  from  Texas ;  born 
in  Elbert  county,  Ga.,  about  1800;  attended  the 
public  schools  in  Madison  county,  Ala. ;  studied 
law  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar ;  moved  to  the 
Republic  of  Texas ;  served  in  the  Texas  con- 
gress", and  after  the  annexation  was  a  state 
senator;  appointed  as  a  State  Rights  Democrat 
to  the  United  States  Senate,  to  fill  vacancy 
caused  by  the  death  of  John  P.  Henderson,  and 
served  from  September  27,  1858,  to  December  5, 
1859;  died  near  Jefferson,  Marion  county,  Tex., 
October  13,  1861. 

Ward,  Samuel,  a  Delegate  from  Rhode  Is- 
land ;  born  in  Newport,  R.  I.,  May  27,  1725 ;  was 
graduated  from  Cambridge  college,  England,  in 
1743 ;  located  in  Westerly,  R.  I.,  in  1745 ;  farmer ; 
member  of  the  state  general  assembly,  1756- 
1759 ;  member  of  the  Council  of  War  in  Hart- 
ford, Conn.,  relative  to  the  conduct  of  the  French 
and  Indian  war;  chief  justice  of  Rhode  Island 
in  1761 ;  elected  governor  in  1762,  1765,  and 
1767 ;  one  of  the  founders  of  Rhode  Island  col- 
lege, and  later  Brown  university ;  delegate  in 
the  Continental  Congress  1774-1776;  died  in 
Philadelphia,  Pa.,  March  26,  1776 ;  remains  were 
removed  from  Philadelphia,  Pa.,  to  Westerly, 
R.  I.,  in  1860. 

Ward,  Thomas,  a  Representative  from  New 
Jersey ;  born  in  New  Jersey  in  1765 ;  completed 
preparatory  studies ;  studied  law,  was  admitted 
to  the  bar,  and  practiced  in  Newark,  N.  J. ; 
elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Thirteenth  and 
Fourteenth  Congresses  (March  4,  1813-March  3, 
1817)  ;  died  in  Newark,  N.  J.,  March  4,  1842. 

Ward,  Thomas  Benton,  a  Representative  from 
Indiana  ;  born  in  Marysville,  Union  county,  Ohio, 
April  27,  1835 ;  moved  with  his  parents  to 
Lafayette,  Ind.,  in  May.  1836;  attended  Wabash 
college,  Indiana,  and  was  graduated  from  Miami 
university,  Oxford,  Ohio,  in  June,  1855;  studied 
law  in  Lafayette,  Ind.,  and  was  admitted  to  the 
bar  in  1857;  mayor  of  Lafayette  1861-1865; 
served  one  term  as  clerk  of  the  city  of  Lafayette 
and  three  terms  as  city  attorney ;  judge  of  the 
superior  court  of  Tippecanoe  county,  Ind.,  1875- 
1880;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Forty-eighth 
and  Forty-ninth  Congresses  (March  4,  1883- 
March  3,  1887)  ;  died  in  Lafayette,  Ind.,  Janu- 
ary 1,  1892. 

Ward,  William,  a  Representative  from  Penn- 
sylvania ;  born  in  Philadelphia,  Pa.,  January  1, 
1837 ;  attended  Girard  college,  Philadelphia ; 
learned  the  art  of  printing  in  the  office  of  the 
Delaware  county  Republican,  in  Chester ;  studied 
law.  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  August,  1859, 
and  engaged  in  practice  in  Chester,  Pa. ;  member 
of  the  city  council  of  Chester  and  city  solicitor ; 
elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Forty-fifth,  Forty- 
sixth,  and  Forty-seventh  Congresses  (March  4, 
1877-March  3,  1883)  ;  died  in  Chester,  Pa.,  Feb- 
ruary 27,  1895. 

50346°— S.  Doc.  654,  61-2 69 


Ward,  William  Lukens,  a  Representative 
from  New  York ;  born  in  Greenwich,  Conn.,  Sep- 
tember 2,  1856;  attended  the  Friends'  seminary. 
New  York  City,  and  afterwards  the  School  of 
Mines,  Columbia  college,  class  of  1878;  engaged 
in  manufacturing  in  Port  Chester,  N.  Y. ;  presi- 
dential elector  in  1896 ;  elected  as  a  Republican 
to  the  Fifty-fifth  Congress  (March  4, 1897-March 

3,  1899). 

Ward,  William  T.,  a  Representative  from 
Kentucky ;  a  native  of  Kentucky ;  attended  the 
common  schools ;  held  several  local  offices ;  elected 
as  a  Whig  to  the  Thirty-second  Congress  (March 

4,  1851-March  3.  1853). 

Wardwell,  Daniel,  a  Representative  from 
New  York ;  born  in  Bristol,  R.  I.,  May  28,  1791 ; 
was  graduated  from  Brown  university  in  1811 ; 
studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar.,  and  began 
practice  in  Rome,  N.  Y. ;  moved  to  Mannsville, 
N.  Y.,  in  1814 ;  judge  of  the  court  of  common 
pleas  for  Jefferson  county,  N.  Y. ;  served  four 
terms  in  the  state  assembly;  elected  to  the 
Twenty-second,  Twenty-third,  and  Twenty- 
fourth  Congresses  (March  4,  1831-March  3, 
1837)  ;  returned  to  Rome,  N.  Y.,  and  resumed 
law  practice  there;  died  in  Rome,  N.  Y.,  March 
27,  1878. 

Ware,  Nicholas,  a  Senator  from  Georgia ; 
born  in  Caroline  county,  Va.,  in  1769 ;  moved 
with  parents  to  Edgefield,  S.  C.,  and  a  few  years 
later  to  Augusta,  Ga. ;  received  a  thorough 
English  training;  studied  medicine  for  a  time, 
then  studied  law  in  Augusta,  and  in  the  Litch- 
field,  Conn.,  law  school,  and  was  admitted  to  the 
bar  and  entered  practice  in  Augusta ;  appointed 
to  the  United  States  Senate  to  fill  vacancy 
caused  by  the  resignation  of  Freeman  Walker; 
elected  and  served  from  November  10,  1821, 
until  his  death,  in  New  York  City,  September  7, 
1824. 

Warfield,  Henry  Bidgely,  a  Representative 
from  Maryland ;  born  in  Anne  Arundel  county, 
Md.,  September  14,  1774 ;  completed  preparatory 
studies;  held  several  local  offices;  located  in 
Frederick,  Md. ;  elected  as  a  Federalist  to  the 
Sixteenth,  Seventeenth,  and  Eighteenth  Con- 
gresses (March  4,  1819-March  3,  1825)  ;  died  in 
Frederick,  Md.,  March  18,  1839. 

Warner,  Adoniram  Judson,  a  Representative 
from  Ohio ;  born  in  Wales,  N.  Y.,  January  13, 
1834;  attended  school  in  Beloit,  Wis.,  and  the 
New  York  central  college,  New  York ;  was  prin- 
cipal of  the  Lewiston  academy,  and  superin- 
tendent of  public  schools  of  Mifflin  county,  and 
principal  of  Mercer  union  schools,  Pennsylva- 
nia, 1856-1861 ;  served  in  the  Civil  war ;  cap- 
tain of  the  tenth  Pennsylvania  reserves  July 
21,  1861;  lieutenant-colonel  May  14,  1862;  col- 
onel April  25,  1863 ;  colonel  of  the  veteran  re- 
serve corps  November  15,  1863 ;  brevet  briga- 
dier-general March  13,  1865,  "  for  gallant  and 
meritorious  service  during  the  war  " ;  mustered 
out  November  17,  1865;  studied  law  and  was 
admitted  to  the  bar  in  Indianapolis,  Ind.,  in 
1865,  but  never  took  up  practice ;  elected  as  a 
Democrat  to  the  Forty-sixth  Congress  (March 
4,  1879-March  3,  1881)  ;  reelected  to  the  Forty- 
eighth  and  Forty-ninth  Congresses  (March  4, 
1883-March  3.  1887)  ;  died  in  Marietta,  Ohio. 
August  13,  1910. 


1090 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 


Warner,  Hiram,  a  Representative  from 
Georgia ;  born  in  Williamsburg,  Hampshire 
county,  Mass.,  October  29,  1802 ;  received  a  good 
common  school  training  and  acquired  some 
knowledge  of  the  classics;  in  1819  moved  to 
Georgia  and  taught  school  for  three  years; 
studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  in 
1825  began  practice  in  Knoxville,  in  Crawford 
county,  Ga. ;  served  in  the  general  assembly 
1828-1831 ;  declined  reelection ;  elected  judge  of 
the  state  superior  court  and  served  from  1833 
to  1840 ;  judge  of  the  state  supreme  court  1845- 
1853,  when  he  resigned;  elected  as  a  Democrat 
to  the  Thirty-fourth  Congress  (March  4,  1855- 
March  3,  1857)  ;  declined  a  reelection;  died  in 
Atlanta,  Ga.,  June  30,  1881 ;  interment  in  Green- 
ville, Ga. 

Warner,  John  De  Witt,  a  Representative 
from  New  York ;  born  in  Schuyler  county,  N.  Y., 
October  30,  1851 ;  completed  preparatory  studies 
in  Starkey  seminary,  Eddytown,  N.  Y.,  and  was 
graduated  from  Cornell  university  in  1872;  ed- 
ited the  Ithaca  Daily  Leader  for  a  few  months; 
professor  in  the  Ithaca  and  Albany  academies 
for  four  years ;  studied  law,  was  graduated  from 
the  Albany  law  school  in  1876,  was  admitted  to 
the  bar;  moved  to  New  York  City,  and  prac- 
ticed law,  1877-1905;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to 
the  Fifty-second  and  Fifty-third  Congresses 
(March  4,  1891-March  3,  1895)  ;  a  resident  of 
New  York  City. 

Warner,  Levi,  a  Representative  from  Con- 
necticut;  born  in  Wethersfield,  Conn.,  October 
10,  1830;  completed  preparatory  studies  and 
studied  law  in  the  Yale  and  Dane  law  schools; 
was  admitted  to  the  bar  and  began  practice  in 
1859  in  Fairfleld,  Conn.;  elected  as  a  Democrat 
to  the  Forty-fourth  Congress  to  fill  vacancy 
caused  by  the  resignation  of  William  II.  Bar 
num;  reelected  to  the  Forty-fifth  Congress  and 
served  from  December  4,  1876,  to  March  3, 
1879 ;  died  in  Norwalk,  Conn.,  April  12,  1911. 

Warner,  Richard,  a  Representative  from 
Tennessee;  born  near  Chapel  Hill,  Tenn.,  Sep- 
tember 19,  1833;  received  an  ordinary  English 
training,  and  in  1857-1858  attended  the  law 
school  in  Lebanon,  Tenn.,  from  which  he  was 
graduated;  commenced  the  practice  of  law  in 
Lewisburg,  Tenn.,  in  1858 ;  served  in  the  Con- 
federate army  1861-1865;  returned  to  Lewis- 
burg,  Tenn.,  and  resumed  the  practice  of  law ; 
delegate  in  the  convention  that  framed  the  new 
constitution  of  Tennessee  in  1870;  member  of 
the  state  house  of  representatives  in  1878; 
elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Forty-seventh  and 
Forty -eighth  Congresses  (March  4,  1881-March 
3,  1885)  ;  resumed  the  practice  of  law  in  Lewis- 
burg,  Tenn. 

Warner,  Samuel  Larkin,  a  Representative 
from  Connecticut;  born  in  Wethersfield,  Conn., 
June  14,  1828;  attended  Wilbraham  academy. 
Wilbraham,  Mass.,  the  Yale  and  Harvard  law 
schools,  and  was  graduated  from  the  Harvard 
law  school  in  1854 ;  admitted  to  the  bar  in  Bos- 
ton, Mass.,  in  1854;  returned  to  Connecticut  and 
was  appointed  executive  secretary  to  Governor 
Pond;  moved  to  Portland,  Conn.,  in  1855,  and 
represented  that  town  in  state  legislature  in 
1858;  moved  to  Middletown  in  1860  and  was 
mayor  1862-1866;  elected  as  a  Republican  to 
the  Thirty-ninth  Congress  (March  4,  1865- 


March  3,  1867)  ;  a  delegate  and  one  of  the  sec- 
retaries in  the  convention  that  nominated  Lin- 
coln in  1864 ;  delegate  at  large  in  the  Republi- 
can national  convention  in  Chicago  in  1888 ; 
died  in  Middletown,  Conn.,  February  6,  1893. 

Warner,  Vespasian,  a  Representative  from 
Illinois;  born  in  Mount  Pleasant  (now  Farmer 
City),  Dewitt  county,  111.,  April  32,  1842;  moved 
with  his  parents  to  Clinton,  111.,  in  1843;  at- 
tended common  and  select  schools  in  Clinton, 
and  Lombard  university  in  Galesburg,  111. ; 
studied  law  in  Clinton ;  served  in  the  Civil  war ; 
sergeant  of  company  E,  twentieth  Illinois  vol- 
unteer infantry,  June  23,  1861 ;  second  lieuten- 
ant February  4,  1862;  captain  and  commissary 
sergeant  of  volunteers  February  10,  1865 ;  brevet 
major  March  13,  1865,  "  for  meritorious  serv- 
ice " ;  mustered  out  July  13,  1866 ;  immediately 
on  leaving  the  service  entered  the  law  depart- 
ment of  Harvard  university,  from  which  he  was 
graduated  in  1868 ;  returned  to  Clinton,  111., 
and  commenced  the  practice  of  law ;  elected  a 
Republican  presidential  elector  in  1888;  elected 
as  a  Republican  to  the  Fifty-fourth,  Fifty-fifth, 
Fifty-sixth,  Fifty-seventh,  and  Fifty-eighth 
Congresses  (March  4,  1895-March  3,  1905)  ;  ap- 
pointed Commissioner  of  Pensions  and  served 
from  March  4,  1905,  to  November  25,  1909;  re- 
sumed business  in  Clinton,  111.,  as  a  banker  and 
realty  owner  and  agent. 

Warner,  Willard,  a  Senator  from  Alabama ; 
born  in  Granville,  Ohio,  September  4,  1826 ;  pur- 
sued classical  studies;  was  graduated  from 
Marietta  college,  Ohio,  in  1845 ;  served  in  the 
Union  army ;  major  of  the  seventy-sixth  Ohio 
infantry  December  3,  1861 ;  lieutenant-colonel 
December  1 5,  1863 ;  colonel  of  the  one  hundred 
and  eightieth  Ohio  infantry  October  27,  1864; 
brevet  brigadier-general  of  volunteers  March  13, 
1865,  "  for  gallant  and  meritorious  service  in  the 
Georgia,  Tennessee,  and  North  Carolina  cam- 
paigns " ;  major-general  March  13,  1865,  "  for 
gallant  and  meritorious  conduct  during  the 
war " ;  mustered  out  July  12,  1865 ;  served  in 
the  state  senate ;  moved  to  Alabama  in  1867 ; 
member  of  the  state  legislature  in  1868 ;  held 
several  local  offices;  elected  as  a  Republican  to 
the  United  States  Senate,  and  served  from  June 
25,  1868,  to  March  3,  1871 ;  collector  of  customs, 
port  of  Mobile,  Ala.,  1871-1875:  removed  to 
Chattanooga,  Tenn.,  in  1890;  member  of  the 
state  legislature  of  Tennessee  1897-1898;  died 
in  Chattanooga,  Tenn.,  November  23,  1906. 

Warner,  William,  a  Representative  and  a 
Senator  from  Missouri ;  born  in  Lafayette 
county,  Wis.,  June  11,  1840 ;  attended  the  'com- 
mon schools;  enlisted  in  1862  in  the  thirty-third 
Wisconsin  infantry  and  was  mustered  out  at 
the  close  of  the  war  with  the  rank  of  major 
in  the  forty-fourth  Wisconsin ;  elected  com- 
mander-in-chief  of  the  Grand  Army  of  the 
Republic  in  1888 ;  located  in  Kansas  City 
in  1865,  and  engaged  in  the  practice  of  law ; 
city  attorney  in  1867,  circuit  attorney  in  1868; 
elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Forty-ninth 
and  Fiftieth  Congresses  (March  4,  1885-March 
3,  1889)  ;  Republican  candidate  for  governor  in 
1892;  appointed  United  States  district  attorney 
for  the  western  district  of  Missouri  in  1870, 
1882,  1898,  and  in  1902 ;  chairman  of  Republican 
state  committee  1884-1885;  delegate  in  the  Re- 
publican national  conventions  of  1872,  1884,  1888. 


BIOGRAPHIES. 


1091 


1892,  and  1896 ;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the 
United  States  Senate,  and  served  from  March 
18,  1905,  to  March  3,  1911;  appointed  civilian 
member  of  the  board  of  ordnance  and  fortifica- 
tions; member  board  of  managers  of  national 
home  for  disabled  volunteer  soldiers;  a  resident 
of  Kansas  City,  Mo. 

Warnock,  William  Robert,  a  Representative 
from  Ohio;  born  in  Urbana,  Ohio,  August  29, 
1838;  attended  public  schools  in  Urbana,  and 
was  graduated  from  the  high  school  in  1855; 
taught  school  in  1856  and  in  1S58  in  Urbana; 
was  graduated  from  Ohio  Wesleyan  university 
in  July,  1861 ;  commenced  the  study  of  law  in 
1861 ;  entered  the  Union  army  July  21,  1862,  as 
captain  of  company  G,  ninety-fifth  regiment 
Ohio  volunteer  infantry ;  major  July  28,  1863, 
"  for  gallantry  at  Vicksburg,"  and  brevetted 
lieutenant-colonel  March  15,  1865,  "  for  gal- 
lantry at  the  battle  of  Nashville  "  ;  chief  of  staff 
for  the  eastern  district  of  Mississippi  from  April 
to  August,  1865 ;  mustered  out  August  14,  1865 ; 
resumed  the  study  of  law ;  admitted  to  practice 
in  May,  1866;  prosecuting  attorney  from  Janu- 
ary, 1868,  to  January,  1872;  state  senator  1876- 
1877 ;  judge  of  the  court  of  common  pleas  from 
November,  1879,  to  November,  1889;  president 
of  the  National  Bank  of  Urbana ;  elected  as  a 
Republican  to  the  Fifty-seventh  and  Fifty- 
eighth  Congresses  (March  4,  1901-March  3, 
1905)  ;  resumed  the  practice  of  law  in  Urbana, 
Ohio. 

Warren,  Cornelius,  a  Representative  from 
New  York ;  born  in  Phillipstown,  Putnam 
county,  N.  Y.,  March  15,  1790;  completed  pre- 
paratory studies;  held  several  local  offices; 
judge  of  the  court  of  common  pleas  in  1841 ; 
elected  as  a  Whig  to  the  Thirtieth  Congress 
(March  4,  1847-March  3,  1849)  ;  died  in  Cold 
Spring,  N.  Y.,  July  28,  1849. 

Warren,  Edward  A.,  a  Representative  from 
Arkansas;  born  in  Greene  county,  Ala.,  May  2, 
1818 ;  completed  preparatory  studies ;  studied 
law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  began  prac- 
tice in  Mississippi ;  served  as  a  member  of  the 
state  house  of  representatives  1845-1846;  moved 
to  Arkansas  in  1847  and  located  in  Camden, 
where  he  practiced  his  profession ;  member  of 
the  Arkansas  house  of  representatives  1848- 
1849,  the  last  year  as  speaker ;  elected  as  a 
Democrat  to  the  Thirty -third  Congress  (March 
4,  1853-March  3,  1855)  ;  reelected  to  the  Thirty- 
fifth  Congress  (March  4,  1857-March  3,  1859)  ; 
died  in  Nevada  county.  Ark.,  July  2,  1875. 

Warren,  Francis  Emroy,  a  Senator  from 
Wyoming;  born  in  Hinsdale,  Mass.,  June  20, 
1844 ;  attended  common  schools  and  pursued  an 
academic  course  in  Hinsdale  academy ;  enlisted 
in  1862  in  the  forty-ninth  Massachusetts  regi- 
ment of  infantry,  and  served  as  private  and  non- 
commissioned officer  until  it  was  mustered  out 
of  service;  received  congressional  medal  of 
honor  for  gallantry  on  battlefield  at  siege  of 
Port  Hudson ;  afterwards  captain  in  the  Massa- 
chusetts militia ;  engaged  in  farming  and  stock 
raising  in  Massachusetts  until  early  in  1868, 
when  he  moved  to  Wyoming  (then  a  part  of 
the  Territory  of  Dakota)  ;  became  interested  in 
real  estate,  mercantile,  live  stock,  and  lighting 
business  in  Cheyenne ;  president  of  the  senate 
of  the  Wyoming  legislature  in  1873-1874,  and 


member  of  the  senate  in  1884-1885 ;  twice  mem- 
ber of  the  council,  and  also  mayor  of  the  city 
of  Cheyenne,  and  served  three  terms  as  treas- 
urer of  Wyoming ;  member  of  the  Wyoming 
delegation  in  the  Republican  national  conven- 
tion in  Chicago  in  1888,  and  chairman  of  the 
Wyoming  delegation  in  the  national  Republican 
convention  in  Philadelphia  in  1900 ;  chairman 
of  the  Republican  territorial  central  committee, 
appointed  governor  of  Wyoming  by  President 
Arthur  in  February,  1885,  and  removed  by  Presi- 
dent Cleveland  in  November,  1886;  again  ap- 
pointed governor  by  President  Harrison  in 
March,  1889,  and  served  until  the  Territory  was 
admitted  as  a  state,  when  he  was  elected  the 
first  governor  of  the  state;  elected  as  a  Repub- 
lican tp  the  United  States  Senate  November  18, 
1890;  reelected  in  1895,  1901,  and  in  1907,  for 
the  term  expiring  March  3,  1913. 

Warren,  Joseph.  Mabbett,  a  Representative 
from  New  York ;  born  in  Troy,  N.  Y.,  January 
28,  1813;  completed  preparatory  studies  and 
was  graduated  from  the  Washington  (now 
Trinity)  college  in  Hartford,  Conn.;  elected 
mayor  of  Troy  in  1852;  elected  as  a  Democrat 
to  the  Forty-second  Congress  (March  4,  1871- 
March  3,  1873)  ;  died  in  Troy  N.  Y.,  September 
9,  1896. 

Warren,  Lett,  a  Representative  from 
Georgia ;  born  in  Burke  county,  Ga.,  October  30, 
1797 ;  attended  the  common  schools ;  served  as 
a  second  lieutenant  of  volunteers  in  the  expedi- 
tion against  the  Seminoles  in  1818 ;  studied  law, 
and  was  admitted  to  practice  in  1821 ;  moved  to 
Marion,  and  later  to  Albany,  Ga. ;  served  in  the 
state  house  of  representatives  in  1824  and  1831, 
and  in  the  state  senate  in  1830;  solicitor  gen- 
eral and  judge  of  the  southern  circuit  of  Georgia 
1831-1834;  elected  as  a  Whig  to  the  Twenty- 
sixth  and  Twenty-seventh  Congresses  (March  4, 
1839-March  3,  1843)  ;  judge  of  the  superior  court 
of  Georgia  1843-1852 ;  died  in  Albany,  Ga.,  June 
17,  1861. 

Warren,  William  Wirt,  a  Representative 
from  Massachusetts;  born  in  Brighton,  Mass., 
February  27,  1834 ;  pursued  classical  studies, 
and  was  graduated  from  Harvard  college  in 
1854 ;  studied  law,  and  in  1857  was  admitted  to 
practice;  assessor  of  internal  revenue  in  the 
seventh  Massachusetts  revenue  district;  delegate 
to  the  Democratic  national  convention  in  1868 ; 
member  of  the  state  senate  in  1870 ;  elected  as  a 
Democrat  to  the  Forty-fourth  Congress  (March 
4,  1875-March  3,  1877)  ;  defeated  for  reelection; 
died  in  Brighton,  Mass.,  May  2,  1880. 

Warwick,  John  George,  a  Representative  from 
Ohio ;  born  in  County  Tyrone,  Ireland,  December 
23,  1830 ;  came  to  America  in  1850  and  engaged 
in  mercantile  pursuits ;  interested  in  milling, 
mining,  and  farming;  elected  lieutenant-gov- 
ernor of  Ohio  in  1883 :  elected  as  a  Democrat  to 
the  Fifty-second  Congress,  and  served  from 
March  4,  1891,  until  his  death  in  Washington. 
D.  C.,  August  14,  1892;  interment  in  Massillon, 
Ohio. 

Washburn,  Cadwallader  Golden,  a  Represent- 
ative from  Wisconsin ;  born  in  Livermore,  Me., 
April  22,  1818;  completed  preparatory  studies: 
moved  to  Wisconsin,  and  located  in  Mineral 
Point,  where  he  studied  law  and  was  admitted 
to  the  bar;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the 


1092 


CONGRESSIONAL   DIRECTORY. 


Thirty-fourth,  Thirty-fifth,  and  Thirty-sixth 
Congresses  (March  4,  1855-March  3,  1861)  ;  dele- 
gate from  Wisconsin  to  the  peace  convention  in 
1861 ;  served  in  the  Union  army ;  colonel  of  the 
second  Wisconsin  cavalry  February  6,  1862; 
brigadier-general  of  volunteers  July  16,  1862 ; 
major-general  November  29,  1862 ;  resigned  May 

25,  1865;  elected  to  the  Fortieth  and  Forty-first 
Congresses  (March  4,  1867-March  3,  1871)  ;  gov- 
ernor of  Wisconsin  1872-1874;  died  in  Eureka 
Springs,  Ark.,  May  14,  1882. 

Washburn,  Charles  Grenfill,  a  Representative 
from  Massachusetts;  born  in  Worcester,  Mass., 
January  28,  1857 ;  was  graduated  from  the 
Worcester  polytechnic  institute  in  1875  and  from 
Harvard  university  in  1880;  studied  law  and 
was  admitted  to  the  Suffolk  bar  in  1887;  con- 
nected wtih  various  manufacturing  enterprises 
in  Worcester ;  member  of  the  state  house  of 
representatives  in  1897-1898,  of  the  senate  in 
1899-1900 ;  member  of  a  committee  to  revise  the 
corporation  laws  of  Massachusetts  in  1902  ;  dele- 
gate to  the  Republican  national  convention  in 
Chicago  in  1904 ;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the 
Fifty:ninth  Congress  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by 
the  death  of  Rockwood  Hoar;  reelected  to  the 
Sixtieth  and  Sixty-first  Congresses  and  served 
from  January  3, 1907,  to  March  3,  1911 ;  resumed 
the  practice  of  law  in  Worcester,  Mass. 

Washburn,  Henry  Dana,  a  Representative 
from  Indiana ;  born  in  Windsor  county,  Vt., 
March  28,  1832;  received  a  limited  schooling, 
and  became  a  tanner;  studied  law  and  was  ad- 
mitted to  the  bar;  moved  to  Vermilion  county, 
Ind. ;  county  auditor  1854-1861 ;  served  in  the 
Union  army ;  lieutenant-colonel  of  the  eight- 
eenth Indiana  infantry  August  16,  1861  ;  colonel 
July  15,  1862 ;  brevet  brigadier-general  of  vol- 
unteers December  15,  1864 ;  major-general  July 

26,  1865,  "  for  gallant  and  meritorious  service 
during  the  war  " ;  mustered  out  July  26,  1865 ; 
elected    as   a    Republican    to    the   Thirty-ninth 
Congress,  and  took  his  seat  after  a  successful 
contest  with  Daniel  W.  Voorhees,  who  had  been 
given   the   certificate   of   election ;    reelected   to 
the  Fortieth  Congress  and  served  from  Febru- 
ary 23,  1866,  to  March  3,  1869;  died  in  Clinton, 
Ind.,  January  26,  1871. 

Washburn,  Israel,  a  Representative  from 
Maine ;  born  in  Livermore,  Me.,  June  6,  1813 ; 
completed  preparatory  studies;  studied  law  and 
was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1834,  and  began 
practice  in  Orono,  Me. ;  member  of  the  state 
house  of  representatives  1842;  elected  as  a 
Whig  to  the  Thirty-second,  and  to  the  four  suc- 
ceeding Congresses  and  served  from  March  4, 
1851,  until  January  1,  1861,  when  he  resigned ; 
governor  of  Maine  1861-1862;  declined  a  reelec- 
tion ;  collector  of  customs  in  Portland,  Me., 
1863-1877;  died  in  Philadelpia,  Pa.,  May  12, 
1883. 

Washburn,  William.  Barrett,  a  Representa- 
tive and  a  Senator  from  Massachusetts ;  born  in 
Winchendon,  Mass.,  January  31,  1820;  attended 
Westminster  and  Hancock  academies  and  was 
graduated  from  Yale  college  in  1844 ;  a  clerk 
in  Orange  1844-1847 ;  manufacturer  in  Erving, 
Mass.,  1847-1857;  moved  to  Greenfield  in 
1858,  and  engaged  in  banking;  served  in  both 
branches  of  the  legislature ;  elected  as  a  Re- 
publican to  the  Thirty-eighth,  and  to  the  four 


succeeding  Congresses,  and  served  from  March 
4,  1863,  until  December  5,  1871,  when  he  re- 
signed ;  governor  of  Massachusetts  1872  to  May 
1,  1874,  when  he  resigned ;  elected  to  the  United 
States  Senate,  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  the 
death  of  Charles  Sumner,  and  served  from 
April  17,  1874,  until  March  3,  1875 ;  president 
of  the  Greenfield  National  bank ;  trustee  of 
Smith  college  at  Northampton ;  director  of  the 
Connecticut  river  railroad ;  alumni  trustee  of 
Yale  college  1872-1881 ;  member  of  the  board  of 
overseers  of  Amherst  college ;  died  in  Spring- 
field, Mass.,  October  5,  1887. 

Washburn,  William.  Drew,  a  Representative 
and  a  Senator  from  Minnesota ;  born  in  Liver- 
more,  Androscoggin  county,  Me.,  January  14, 
1831 ;  attended  common  schools  and  was  gradu- 
ated from  Bowdoin  college  in  1854  ;  read  law  and 
was  admitted  to  the  bar ;  moved  to  Minneapolis, 
Minn.,  in  1857 ;  engaged  in  the  practice  of  law 
and  other  pursuits  until  1861,  when  appointed 
United  States  surveyor-general  of  Minnesota  by 
President  Lincoln,  and  served  four  years ;  resided 
in  St.  Paul  while  holding  the  office ;  returned  to 
Minneapolis  and  engaged  in  different  manufac- 
turing industries;  director  and  principal  owner 
and  for  many  years  managing  agent  of  the  Min- 
neapolis water  power  company ;  projector  and 
president  of  the  Minneapolis  and  St.  Louis  rail- 
way company ;  member  of  the  state  legislature 
1861-1865,  1871,  1874,  1880,  and  1882 ;  elected  as 
a  Republican  to  the  Forty-sixth,  Forty-seventh, 
and  Forty-eighth  Congresses  (March  4,  1879- 
March  3,  1885)  ;  elected  to  the  United  States 
Senate,  and  served  from  March  4,  1889,  to  March 
3,  1895;  died  in  Minneapolis,  Minn.,  July  29, 
1912. 

Washburne,  Elihu  Benjamin,  a  Representa- 
tive from  Illinois ;  born  in  Livermore,  Oxford 
county,  Me.,  September  23,  1816 ;  attended  the 
common  schools ;  printers'  apprentice ;  assistant 
editor  of  the  Kennebec  Journal,  Augusta  ;  studied 
law.  and  in  1839  was  admitted  to  the  bar ;  moved 
to  Galena,  111.,  in  1840,  where  he  practiced  his 
profession ;  delegate  to  the  Whig  convention  in 
Baltimore  in  1844,  and  in  1852  to  the  conven- 
tion which  nominated  General  Scott  for  the 
Presidency;  elected  to  the  Thirty-third,  and  to 
the  eight  succeeding  Congresses,  and  served 
from  March  4,  1853,  until  March  6,  1869, 
when  he  resigned ;  appointed  Secretary  of  State 
by  President  Grant,  but  resigned  a  few  days 
afterwards  to  accept  the  mission  to  France ;  on 
the  declaration  of  the  Franco-Prussian  war  he 
protected  with  the  American  flag  the  diplomatic 
headquarters  of  the  various  German  states  in 
Paris ;  remained  in  Paris  during  the  siege  and 
was  the  only  foreign  minister  that  continued  at 
his  post  during  the  days  of  the  commune;  pro- 
tected not  only  Germans,  but  all  the  foreigners 
left  by  their  ministers ;  served  as  minister  until 
1877,  when  he  returned  to  Illinois;  died  in  Chi- 
cago, 111.,  October  22,  1887. 

Washington,  Georg'e,  a  Delegate  from  Vir- 
ginia ;  born  at  Popes  creek,  near  Bridges  creek, 
Westmoreland  county,  Va.,  February  22,  1732; 
early  in  childhood  removed  with  parents  to  an 
estate  in  Stafford  county,  Va.,  on  the  east  side 
of  the  Rappahannock  river,  opposite  Freder- 
icksburg ;  attended  an  "  old-field  "  school,  with 
Hobby,  the  sexton  of  the  parish,  as  his  first  in- 
structor; after  the  death  of  his  father  in  1743, 


BIOGKAPHIES. 


1093 


returned  to  Popes  creek,  to  reside  with  his  elder 
half-brother,  Augustine  Washington,  and  at- 
tended a  private  school  kept  by  a  Mr.  Williams; 
went  to  the  Mount  Vernon  estate  in  his  seven- 
teenth year,  to  reside  with  his  brother  Law- 
rence, and  engaged  in  the  surveying  of  lands; 
appointed  adjutant-general  of  a  military  dis- 
trict in  Virginia  with  the  rank  of  major  in  1751 ; 
in  November,  1753,  was  sent  by  Lieutenant-Gov- 
ernor Dinwiddie,  of  Virginia,  to  visit  the  French 
army  in  the  Ohio  valley  on  important  business ; 
war  followed,  and  in  1754  was  promoted  to  the 
rank  of  lieutenant-colonel  and  engaged  in  the 
war ;  aid-de-camp  to  General  Braddock  in  1755 ; 
appointed  by  the  legislature  commander-in-chief 
of  Colonial  forces,  and  from  1755-1758  engaged 
In  recruiting  and  organizing  troops  for  colonial 
defense ;  commanded  a  successful  expedition 
to  Fort  Du  Quesne  in  1758 ;  pursued  agriculture 
and  civic  employments  at  Mount  Vernon,  and 
was  a  magistrate  and  member  of  the  Colonial 
house  of  burgesses  1758-1774 ;  delegate  in  the 
Williamsburg  convention  of  August,  1773 ;  dele- 
gate in  the  first  and  second  Continental  Con- 
gresses 1774-1775 ;  unanimously  chosen  com- 
mander-in-chief of  all  the  forces  raised  or  to  be 
raised,  June  15,  1775;  commanded  the  armies 
throughout  the  war  for  independence  and  re- 
ceived the  special  thanks  and  recognition  of  Con- 
gress upon  eight  separate  occasions  and  by  as 
many  acts;  resigned  his  commission  December 
23,  1783,  and  returned  to  private  life  at  Mount 
Vernon ;  delegate  in  and  president  of  the  na- 
tional convention  that  framed  the  Federal  con- 
stitution in  Philadelphia,  Pa.,  in  1787;  unani- 
mously elected  first  President  of  the  United 
States,  and  inaugurated  April  3,  1789,  in  New 
York  City ;  unanimously  reelected ;  retired  March 

3,  1797,  after  declining  a  reelection ;  issued  his 
farewell   address  to   the  people  of  the  United 
States  in  September,  1796 ;  again  appointed  lieu- 
tenant-general   and   commander  of   the   United 
States  army  July  3,  1798,  and  served  until  his 
death  at  Mount  Vernon,  Va.,  after  a  short  illness, 
December  14,  1799 ;  interment  at  Mount  Vernon 
on  the  18th  December,  1799. 

Washington,  George  C.,  a  Representative 
from  Maryland;  born  in  Westmoreland  county, 
Va.,  August  20,  1789;  was  graduated  from  Har- 
vard college;  studied  law  and  was  admitted  to 
the  bar;  engaged  in  farming;  elected  to  the 
Twentieth,  Twenty-first,  and  Twenty-second  Con- 
gresses (March  4,  1827-March  3,  1833)  ;  re- 
elected  to  the  Twenty-fourth  Congress  (March 

4,  1835-March   3,   1837)  ;    died   iu   Georgetown, 
D.  C.,   July  17,  1854. 

Washington,  Joseph  Edwin,  a  Representative 
from  Tennessee ;  born  in  Wessyngton,  the  family 
homestead,  Robertson  county,  Tenn.,  November 
10,  1851 ;  early  instruction  at  home,  and  was 
graduated  from  Georgetown  college,  District  of 
Columbia,  June  26,  1873 ;  studied  law  with  the 
first  law  class  organized  in  Vanderbilt  university. 
Nashville,  Tenn.,  in  1874 ;  gave  up  his  law 
studies  and  engaged  in  farming;  elected  a  mem- 
ber of  the  state  house  of  representatives  in  No- 
vember, 1876 ;  elector  on  the  Hancock  and 
English  ticket  in  1880;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to 
the  Fiftieth,  and  to  the  four  succeeding  Con- 
gresses (March  4,  1887-March  3,  1897)  ;  resumed 
agricultural  pursuits  upon  the  family  homestead 
in  Robertson  county,  Tenn. 


Washington,  William  Henry,  a  Representa- 
tive from  North  Carolina  ;  born  in  Wayne  county, 
N.  C.,  February  7,  1813;  studied  law,  and  in 
1835  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  began  practice 
in  Newbern ;  elected  as  a  Whig  to  the  Twenty- 
seventh  Congress  (March  4,  1841-March  3, 
1843)  ;  declined  a  reelection;  served  in  the  state 
house  of  representatives  1843  and  1846,  and  in 
the  state  senate  1848,  1850,  and  1852;  died  in 
Newbern,  N.  C.,  August  12,  1860. 

Waskey,  Frank  Hinman,  a  Delegate  from 
Alaska  territory;  born  in  Lake  City,  Wabasha 
county,  Minn.,  April  20,  1875;  attended  the  pub- 
lic schools  of  Minneapolis;  went  to  Alaska  in 
February,  1898,  located  in  Nome,  and  engaged 
in  mining;  elected  Delegate  to  the  Fifty-ninth 
Congress  (March  4,  1905-March  3,  1907). 

Waters,  Russell  Judson,  a  Representative 
from  California ;  born  in  Halifax,  Vt.,  June  6, 
1843;  moved  with  parents  to  Franklin  county, 
Mass. ;  attended  district  schools ;  learned  the  ma- 
chinist's trade  in  Sherburne  Falls,  Mass. ;  taught 
school  at  Charlemont  Center,  Mass. ;  was  grad- 
uated from  Franklin  institute,  where  he  was 
later  engaged  as  professor  of  Latin  and  mathe- 
matics; moved  to  Chicago,  111.;  studied  law, 
was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1863,  and  practiced 
in  Chicago  until  1886;  went  to  California  and 
located  in  Redlands ;  moved  to  Los  Angeles  in 
1894;  president  of  the  Pasadena  Consolidated 
Gas  company ;  treasurer  of  the  Los  Angeles 
chamber  of  commerce,  vice-president  of  the 
Citizens'  bank,  and  connected  with  many  other 
public  institutions;  elected  as  a  Republican  to 
the  Fifty-sixth  Congress  (March  4,  1899-March 
3,  1901)  ;  died  in  Los  Angeles,  Cal.,  September 
25,  1911. 

Watkins,  Albert  G-aliton,  a  Representative 
from  Tennessee ;  born  in  Jefferson  county,  Tenn., 
May  5,  1818 ;  was  graduated  from  Holston  col- 
lege, Tennessee;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to 
the  bar,  and  began  practice  in  Panther  Springs, 
Tenn. ;  member  of  the  state  house  of  repre- 
sentatives in  1845 ;  presidential  elector  in  1848 ; 
elected  as  a  Whig  to  the  Thirty-first  and  Thirty- 
second  Congresses  (March  4,  1849-March  3, 
1853)  ;  defeated  for  reelection  to  the  Thirty- 
third  Congress ;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the 
Thirty  -  fourth  and  Thirty  -  fifth  Congresses 
(March  4,  1855-March  3,  1859)  ;  died  in  Moores- 
burg,  Hawkins  county,  Tenn.,  November  9,  1895. 

Watkins,  John  Thomas,  a  Representative 
from  Louisiana ;  born  in  Minden,  La.,  January 
15,  1854;  attended  the  public  schools  and  spent 
three  years  in  Cumberland  university,  Lebanon. 
Tenn. ;  studied  law  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar 
July,  1878,  and  practiced  in  Minden ;  elected  dis- 
trict judge  in  1892  and  reelected  in  1896  and 
1900,  his  last  term  expiring  December  8.  1904 ; 
elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Fifty-ninth,  Six- 
tieth, and  Sixty-first  Congresses  (March  4,  1905- 
March  3,  1911).  Reelected  to  the  Sixty-second 
Congress. 

Watmough,  John  G-oddard,  a  Representative 
from  Pennsylvania ;  born  in  Wilmington,  Del., 
December  6,  1793 ;  pursued  classical  studies  and 
graduated  from  Princeton  college ;  also  pursued 
post  graduate  studies  in  the  University  of  Penn- 
sylvania;  served  in  the  War  of  1812;  elected  to 
the  Twenty-second  and  Twenty-third  Congresses 


1094 


CONGRESSIONAL   DIRECTORY. 


(March  4,  1831-March  3,  1835)  ;  high  sheriff  of 
Philadelphia  1835-1836 ;  surveyor  of  the  port  of 
Philadelphia  1841-1845;  died  in  Philadelphia, 
Pa.,  November  28,  1861. 

Watson,  Clarence  Wayland,  a  Senator  from 
West  Virginia ;  born  in  Fairmont,  W.  Va.,  May 
8,  1864;  attended  the  public  schools  of  Marion 
county;  engaged  in  the  coal-mining  industry; 
delegate  in  the  Democratic  national  convention 
in  Denver,  Colo.,  in  1908;  elected  as  a  Democrat 
to  the  United  States  Senate  to  fill  vacancy 
caused  by  the  death  of  Stephen  B.  Elkins,  and 
took  his  seat  February  2,  1911,  for  the  term 
expiring  March  3,  1913. 

"Watson,  Cooper  Kinderdine,  a  Representa- 
tive from  Ohio ;  born  in  Jefferson  county,  Ky., 
June  18,  1810 ;  pursued  preparatory  studies ; 
studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar, 'and  prac- 
ticed ;  prosecuting  attorney  of  Marion  county, 
Ohio ;  located  in  Tiffin,  Ohio,  and  practiced  law 
for  twenty  years  or  more;  was  elected  as  a 
Fiee-Soiler  to  the  Thirty-fourth  Congress 
(March  4,  1855-March  3,  1857)  ;  moved  to  San- 
dusky,  Ohio ;  member  of  the  state  constitutional 
convention  of  1871 ;  in  1876  appointed  judge  of 
the  court  of  common  pleas;  was  elected  to  the 
position  and  served -until  his  death  in  Saudusky, 
Ohio,  May  20,  1880. 

Watson,  David  Kemper,  a  Representative 
from  Ohio;  born  near  London,  Madison  county, 
Ohio,  June  18,  1849 ;  was  graduated  from  Dick- 
inson college,  Carlisle,  Pa.,  in  1871,  and  two 
years  later  from  the  law  department  of  the 
University  of  Boston;  assistant  United  States 
district  attorney  for  the  southern  district  of 
Ohio  during  the  administration  of  President  Ar- 
thur; elected  attorney-general  in  1887,  and  re- 
elected  in  1889 ;  special  counsel  for  the  United 
States  in  the  suits  brought  by  the  Government 
against  the  Pacific  railroads  in  1892 ;  elected  as 
a  Republican  to  the  Fifty-fourth  Congress 
(March  4,  1895-March  3,  1897)  ;  later  served 
for  several  years  on  a  commission  to  revise  and 
codify  the  laws  of  the  United  States;  resumed 
law  practice  in  Columbus,  Ohio. 

Watson,  James,  a  Senator  from  New  York ; 
born  in  New  York  City  April  6,  1750;  completed 
preparatory  studies,  and  was  graduated  from 
Yale  college  in  1776;  studied  law,  was  ad- 
mitted to  the  bar,  and  practiced ;  member  of 
the  state  assembly  1791.  1794,  1795,  and  1796, 
and  was  speaker  in  1794 ;  member  of  the  state 
senate  in  1798 ;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the 
United  States  Senate,  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by 
the  resignation  of  John  Sloss  Hobart,  and  served 
from  August  17,  1798,  to  March  19,  1800,  when 
he  resigned  to  accept  the  position  of  United 
States  navy  agent  at  New  York;  died  in  New 
York  City  May  15,  1806. 

Watson,  James  Eli,  a  Representative  from 
Indiana ;  born  in  Winchester,  Randolph  county, 
Ind.,  November  2,  1864 ;  was  graduated  from 
the  Winchester  high  school  in  1881 ;  entered  De 
Pauw  university  the  same  year,  and  remained 
until  1885,  when  he  returned  home  and  took  up 
the  study  of  law ;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in 
1886,  and  engaged  in  practice  in  Winchester; 
candidate  on  the  Republican  ticket  for  presi- 
dential elector  in  1892;  moved  to  Rushville, 
Ind.,  in  1893,  and  continued  the  practice  of  law ; 
unsuccessful  candidate  for  secretary  of  state  in 


1894;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Fifty- 
fourth  Congress  (March  4,  1895-March  3, 
1897)  ;  reelected  to  the  Fifty-sixth,  and  to  the 
four  succeeding  Congresses  (March  4,  1899- 
March'3,  1909)  ;  defeated  for  governor  of  Indi- 
ana in  1908;  resumed  the  practice  of  law  in 
Rushville,  Ind. 

Watson,  Lewis  Findlay,  a  Representative 
from  Pennsylvania ;  born  in  Crawford  county, 
Pa.,  April  14,  1819 ;  pursued  an  academic 
course;  engaged  in  mercantile  pursuits;  for  fif- 
teen years  an  extensive  operator  in  lumber  and 
in  the  production  of  petroleum ;  elected  presi- 
dent of  the  Warren  savings  bank  at  its  organi- 
zation in  1870;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the 
Forty-fifth  Congress  (March  4,  1877-March  3, 
1879)  ;  reelected  to  the  Forty-seventh  Congress 
(March  4,  1881-March  3,  1883)  ;  again  elected  to 
the  Fifty-first  Congress,  and  served  from  March 
4,  1889.  until  his  death  in  Washington,  D.  C., 
August  25,  1890. 

Watson,  Thomas  Edward,  a  Representative 
from  Georgia ;  born  in  Columbia  county,  Ga., 
September  5,  1856 ;  attended  the  common  schools 
and  Mercer  university,  Macon,  Ga. ;  taught 
school  two  years;  read  law  and  was  admitted 
to  the  bar  and  commenced  practice  in  Thom- 
son, Ga.,  November,  1876 ;  member  of  the  state 
legislature  1882-1883;  Democratic  elector  for 
the  state  at  large  in  1888;  became  interested  in 
farming;  elected  as  an  Alliance  Democrat  to 
the  Fifty-second  Congress  (March  4.  1891- 
March  3,  1893)  ;  candidate  for  Vice-President  on 
the  Populist  ticket  in  1896,  and  defeated ;  a  res- 
ident of  Thomson,  Ga. ;  an  editor  and  author. 

Watterson,  Harvey  Magee,  a  Representative 
from  Tennessee;  born  in  Bedford  county,  Tenn., 
November  23,  1811;  pursued  classical  studies; 
established  and  edited  a  paper  in  Shelbyville, 
Tenn.,  in  1831 ;  elected  to  the  general  assembly 
in  1835;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Twenty- 
sixth  and  Twenty-seventh  Congresses  (March  4, 
1839-March  3,  1843);  declined  a  reelection; 
sent  by  President  Tyler  on  a  diplomatic  mis- 
sion to  Buenos  Aires,  where  he  remained  for  a 
year;  on  his  return  elected  to  the  general  as- 
sembly and  became  its  president ;  editor  and 
proprietor  of  the  Nashville  Union  1847-1851 
and  editor  of  the  Washington  Union  in  1851 ; 
delegate  in  the  national  Democratic  convention 
in  Baltimore  in  1860,  and  also  one  of  the  elec- 
tors; commissioned  by  President  Johnson  one 
of  those  to  investigate  conditions  in  the  states 
"  lately  in  rebellion  " ;  practiced  law  in  Wash- 
ington, D.  C. ;  died  in  Louisville,  Ky.,  October  1, 
1891. 

Watterson,  Henry,  a  Representative  from 
Kentucky;  born  in  Washington,  D.  C..  February 
16,  1840 ;  completed  preparatory  studies  under 
private  tutors;  became  a  newspaper  correspond- 
ent and  editorial  writer ;  his  first  newspaper 
employment  was  on  the  Washington  States,  a 
Democratic  paper,  1858-1861;  moved  to  Ten- 
nessee in  1861  and  edited  the  Republican  Ban- 
ner, in  Nashville;  was  a  casual  volunteer  staff 
officer  in  the  Confederate  service;  edited  the 
Chattanooga  Rebel  1862-1863;  moved  to  Louis- 
ville, Ky.,  in  1867 ;  purchased  the  Louisville 
Journal,  which  he  consolidated  with  the  Cou- 
rier, and  became  editor  of  the  Louisville  Cou- 
rier-Journal; temporary  chairman  of  the  Demo- 


BIOGRAPHIES. 


1095 


era  tic  national  convention  of  1876 ;  elected  as  a 
Democrat  to  the  Forty-fourth  Congress,  to  fill 
vacancy  caused  by  the  death  of  Edward  Y. 
Parsons,  and  served  from  August  12,  1876,  to. 
March  3,  1877 ;  delegate  in  the  Democratic  na- 
tional conventions  of  1880,  1884,  1888,  and  1892. 

Watts,  John,  a  Representative  from  New 
York;  born  in  New  York  City  August  27,  1749; 
received  a  limited  schooling ;  member  of  the 
state  assembly  1791-1793,  and  its  speaker ; 
elected  to  the  Third  Congress  (March  4,  1793- 
March  3,  1795)  ;  judge  of  Westchester  county, 
1802-1808;  died  in  New  York  City,  September 

3,  1836. 

Watts,  John  S.,  a  Delegate  from  New  Mex- 
ico ;  born  in  Boone  county,  Ky.,  January  19, 
1816 ;  moved  to  Indiana,  where  he  completed 
preparatory  studies,  and  was  graduated  from 
the  University  of  Indiana ;  studied  law,  was 
admitted  to  the  bar,  and  practiced;  served  in 
the  state  house  of  representatives;  appointed 
associate  justice  of  the  United  States  court  in 
New  Mexico  1851-1856,  when  he  resigned ; 
elected  to  the  Thirty-seventh  Congress  (March 

4,  1861-March  3,  1863)  ;  took  an  active  part  in 
equipping  troops  for  the  Union  army ;  appointed 
chief  justice  of  the  supreme  court  of  New  Mex- 
ico in  1868  by  President  Johnson. 

Waugh,  Dan,  a  Representative  from  Indi- 
ana ;  born  in  Wells  county,  Ind.,  March  7, 
1842 ;  attended  the  common  schools ;  served  for 
three  years  as  a  private  in  company  A,  Thirty- 
fourth  Indiana  volunteer  infantry ;  after  the 
war  attended  a  private  school  for  two  years ; 
studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  set- 
tled in  Tipton,  Ind.,  in  1867;  practiced  his  pro- 
fession until  1884,  when  elected  to  the  office  of 
judge  of  the  thirty-sixth  judicial  circuit  for  six 
years;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Fifty-sec- 
ond and  Fifty-third  Congresses  (March  4,  1891- 
March  3,  1895)  ;  resumed  the  practice  of  law  in 
Tipton,  Ind. 

Wayne,  Anthony,  a  Representative  from 
Georgia ;  born  in  East  Town,  Chester  county, 
Pa.,  January  1,  1745 ;  attended  the  Philadelphia 
academy ;  became  a  land  surveyor  and  was  em- 
ployed for  a  time  in  Nova  Scotia ;  returned  to 
Chester  county,  Pa. ;  member  of  the  colonial 
house  of  representatives  in  1774-1775 ;  served 
in  the  Revolutionary  army  as  colonel  of  the 
fourth  regiment  of  Pennsylvania  troops ;  com- 
missioned brigadier-general  February  21,  1777; 
received  a  gold  medal  and  thanks  of  Con- 
gress; after  the  war  moved  to  Georgia  and 
located  upon  a  tract  of  land  donated  him 
by  that  state  as  a  recompense  for  his  military 
service;  delegate  to  the  state  constitutional 
convention  in  1787;  presented  credentials  as  a 
member-elect  to  the  Second  Congress  and  served 
from  March  4,  1791,  to  March  21,  1792,  when 
his  seat  was  declared  vacant;  declined  to  be  a 
candidate  for  reelection ;  again  entered  the  serv- 
ice of  the  United  States  army  as:  major-general 
and  general  in  chief  of  the  army;  concluded  a 
treaty  August  3,  1795,  with  the  hostile  Indians 
northwest  of  the  Ohio  River ;  died  in  Presque 
Isle,  Pa.,  December  15,  1796;  interment  in 
Rachnor  churchyard,  Chester  county,  Pa. 


Wayne,  Isaac,  a  Representative  from  Penn- 
sylvania; born  in  Warren  county,  Pa.,  in  1772; 
attended  the  common  schools;  studied  law  and 
was  admitted  to  the  Chester  county  bar  in 
1795;  member  of  the  state  house  of  representa- 
tives in  1799-1801  and  1806  and  of  the  state  sen- 
ate in  1810;  was  captain  of  a  troop  of  Penn- 
sylvania horse  raised  and  equipped  by  himself 
in  the  war  of  1812,  and  was  subsequently  colonel 
of  the  second  regiment  Pennsylvania  volunteer 
infantry;  defeated  as  the  Federalist  candidate 
for  governor  in  1814 ;  elected  as  a  Federalist  to 
the  Eighteenth  Congress  (March  4,  1823-March 
3,  1825)  ;  died  in  Chester  county,  Pa.,  October 
25,  1852. 

Wayne,  James  Moore,  a  Representative  from 
Georgia ;  born  in  Savannah,  Ga.,  in  1790 ;  was 
graduated  from  Princeton  college  in  1808;  stud- 
ied law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  began  prac- 
tice in  Savannah  in  1810;  served  two  terms  in 
the  state  general  assembly  1815-1817 ;  mayor  of 
Savannah  in  1817-1819;  judge  of  the  superior 
court  1824-1829 ;  elected  as  a  Jackson  Democrat 
to  the  Twenty-first,  Twenty-second,  and  Twenty- 
third  Congresses  and  served  from  March  4,  1829, 
to  January  13,  1835,  when  he  resigned ;  ap- 
pointed associate  justice  of  the  United  States 
Supreme  Court  and  served  from  1835  until  hia 
death  in  Washington,  D.  C.,  July  5, 1867. 

Weadock,  Thomas  Addis  Emmett;  a  Repre- 
sentative from  Michigan ;  born  in  Ballygarret, 
county  Wexford,  Ireland,  January  1,  1850 ;  came 
with  parents  to  America  in  infancy  and  settled  in 
St.  Marys,  Ohio ;  attended  the  common  schools ; 
taught  school  in  the  counties  of  Auglaize,  Shelby, 
and  Miami  for  live  years;  was  graduated  from 
the  law  department  of  Michigan  university  in 
March,  1873;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  and 
located  in  Bay  City,  Mich. ;  assisted  in  making 
an  abstract  of  title  to  the  real  estate  in  Bay 
county ;  in  1874  began  practice  of  law  in  Bay 
City;  appointed  prosecuting  attorney  of  Bay 
county  in  1877  and  served  till  December  31, 
1878;  mayor  of  Bay  City  from  April,  1883,  to 
April,  1885;  member  of  the  board  of  education; 
elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Fifty-second  and 
Fifty-third  Congresses  (March  4,  1891-March  3, 
1895)  ;  resumed  the  practice  of  law  in  Bay  City, 
and  later  moved  to  Detroit,  Mich.,  and  continued 
in  practice. 

Weakley,  Robert,  a  Representative  from 
Tennessee ;  born  in  Halifax  county,  Va.,  July  2, 
1764 ;  attended  Princeton,  N.  J.,  schools ;  member 
of  Tennessee  legislature  and  presiding  officer  of 
the  state  senate;  member  of  the  state  constitu- 
tional convention  of  1834  ;  elected  to  the  Eleventh 
Congress  (March  4,  1809-March  3.  1811)  ;  died 
near  Nashville,  Tenn.,  February  4,  1845. 

Weaver,  Archibald  Jirard,  a  Representative 
from  Nebraska ;  born  in  Dundaff,  Susquehanna 
county,  Pa.,  April  15,  1843;  attended  Wyoming 
seminary,  Pa.,  and  was  one  of  the  faculty  1864- 
1867 ;  studied  law  in  Harvard  university  1867- 
1869 ;  was  admitted  to  practice  in  Boston,  Mass., 
in  January.  1869;  moved  to  Falls  City,  Nebr., 
in  the  spring  of  1869 ;  member  of  the  constitu- 
tional convention  of  1871 ;  elected  district  attor- 
ney for  the  first  district  of  Nebraska  in  1872; 
member  of  the  constitutional  convention  of  1875 : 
elected  judge  of  the  first  judicial  district  of 
Nebraska  in  1875;  reelected  in  1879  and  resigned 


1096 


CONGRESSIONAL   DIRECTORY. 


in  1883;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Forty- 
eighth  and  Forty-ninth.  Congresses  (March  4, 
1883-March  3,  1887)  ;  died  in  Falls  City,  Nebr., 
April  18,  1887. 

Weaver,  James  Baird,  a  Representative  from 
Iowa;  born  in  Dayton,  Ohio,  June  12,  1833;  at- 
tended the  common  schools;  studied  law  and 
was  graduated  from  the  Cincinnati  law  school 
in  April,  1854 ;  enlisted  as  a  private  in  the  sec- 
ond Iowa  infantry  in  April,  1861;  first  lieuten- 
ant of  company  G  of  that  regiment,  May  27, 
1861;  major,  July  25,  1862;  colonel,  November 
10,  1862;  breveted  brigadier  general  of  volun- 
teers March  13,  1864,  "  for  gallant  and  merito- 
rious service " ;  mustered  out  May  27,  1864 ; 
elected  district  attorney  for  the  second  judi- 
cial district  of  Iowa  in  January,  1867,  and  held 
the  office  six  years,  when  it  was  abolished  by 
law ;  elected  as  a  Greenbacker  to  the  Forty-sixth 
Congress  (March  4,  1879-March  3,  1881)  ;  nomi- 
nated in  1880  at  Chicago  by  the  National  party 
as  their  candidate  for  President  of  the  United 
States,  and  received  about  350,000  votes ;  elected 
by  Nationals  and  Democrats  to  the  Forty-ninth 
Congress;  reelected  as  the  Democratic  and 
Greenback-Labor  candidate  to  the  Fiftieth  Con- 
gress (March  4,  1885-March  3,  1889)  ;  People's 
party  candidate  for  President  in  1892,  receiving 
22  electoral  votes ;  mayor  of  Colfax,  Iowa ;  died 
in  Des  Moines,  Iowa,  February  6,  1912. 

Weaver,  Walter  Lowrie,  a  Representative 
from  Ohio ;  born  in  Montgomery  county,  Ohio, 
April  1.  1851 ;  attended  the  public  schools,  Mon- 
roe academy,  and  Wittenberg  college,  and  was 
graduated  from  the  latter  in  1870 ;  studied  law, 
was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1872,  and  began  prac- 
tice in  Springfield,  Ohio ;  prosecuting  attorney 
of  Clark  county  in  1874,  1880,  1882,  and  1885; 
was  a  judge  of  the  Choctaw-Chickasaw  citizens' 
court  in  McAlester,  Okla.,  for  nearly  three 
years ;  returned  to  Ohio ;  elected  as  a  Repub- 
lican to  the  Fifty-fifth  and  Fifty-sixth  Con- 
gresses (March  4,  1897-March  3,  1901)  ;  re- 
sumed the  practice  of  law ;  died  in  Springfield, 
Ohio,  May  26,  1909. 

Webb,  Edwin  Yates,  a  Representative  from 
North  Carolina;  born  in  Shelby,  N.  C.,  May  23, 
1872;  attended  the  Shelby  military  institute 
and  was  graduated  from  Wake  Forest  college 
in  June,  1893;  entered  the  University  of 
North  Carolina  law  school  in  July,  1893 ;  re- 
ceived license  to  practice  law  in  February, 
1894 ;  practiced  until  1896,  when  he  entered  the 
University  of  Virginia  law  school  and  com- 
pleted a  post-graduate  course;  elected  to  the 
state  senate  in  1900;  in  1896  was  appointed  a 
trustee  of  Wake  Forest  college ;  appointed  trustee 
of  the  Agricultural  and  Mechanical  college  of 
Raleigh  by  the  legislature  of  1899  and  served 
two  years ;  chairman  of  his  senatorial  district 
in  1896  and  chairman  of  the  Democratic  county 
executive  committee  from  1898  to  1902 ;  elected 
as  a  Democrat  to  the  Fifty-eighth,  and  to  the 
three  succeeding  Congresses  (March  4,  1903- 
March  3,  1911).  Reelected  to  the  Sixty-second 
Congress. 

Webber,  Amos  Richard,  a  Representative 
from  Ohio;  born  in  Hinkley,  Medina  county, 
Ohio,  January  21,  1852;  attended  the  public 
schools  of  Hinkley  and  was  graduated  from 
Baldwin  university,  Berea,  Ohio;  studied  law, 


was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1876;  located  in 
practice  in  Elyria;  prosecuting  attorney  three 
terms,  and  in  1900  was  chosen  judge  of  the 

court  of  comnlon  pleas ;  elected  as  a  

to  the  Fifty-eighth  Congress  to  fiU  vacancy 
caused  by  the  death  of  William  W.  Skiles;  re- 
elected  to  the  Fifty-ninth  Congress,  and  served 
from  December  5,  1904,  to  March  3,  1907;  re- 
sumed the  practice  of  law  in  Elyria,  Ohio. 

Webber,  George  Washington,  a  Representa 
tive  from  Michigan ;  born  in  Newbury,  Vt..  No- 
vember 25,  1825;  attended  the  common  schools; 
located  in  Ionia,  Mich.,  and  engaged  in  farming, 
lumbering,  manufacturing,  mercantile  pursuits, 
and  banking;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the 
Forty-seventh  Congress  (March  4,  1881-March 
3,  1883)  ;  died  in  Ionia,  Mich.,  January  15,  1900. 

Weber,  John  Baptiste,  a  Representative 
from  New  York;  born  in  Buffalo,  N.  Y.,  Sep- 
tember 21,  1842;  attended  public  and  pri- 
vate schools  and  the  central  school  of  Buffalo ; 
enlisted  in  the  Civil  war  as  a  private  in  the 
forty-fourth  regiment  of  New  York  volunteers 
August  7,  1861,  and  rapidly  promoted,  attaining 
the  rank  of  colonel  of  the  eighty-ninth  United 
States  colored  infantry;  assistant  postmaster  of 
Buffalo  1871-1873;  sheriff  of  Erie  county  1874- 
1876 ;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Forty-ninth 
and  Fiftieth  Congresses  (March  4,  1885-March 
3,  1889)  ;  commissioner  of  immigration  at  the 
port  of  New  York  1890-1893;  appointed  immi- 
gration commissioner  in  1891 ;  a  resident  of 
Lackawanna,  Erie  county,  N.  Y.,  and  retired. 

Webster,  Daniel,  a  Representative  from 
New  Hampshire  and  a  Representative  and  a 
Senator  from  Massachusetts:  born  in  Salis- 
bury, N.  H.,  January  18,  1782;  attended  district 
school,  Exeter  and  Phillips  Andover  academies, 
and  was  graduated  from  Dartmouth  college  in 
1801 ;  studied  law  in  the  office  of  Christopher 
Gore  in  Boston,  Mass.,  was  admitted  to  the  bar 
in  March,  1805,  and  began  practice  in  Bosca- 
wen,  near  Salisbury,  N.  H. ;  moved  to  Ports- 
mouth in  1807,  where  he  practiced ;  elected  from 
New  Hampshire  to  the  Thirteenth  and  Four- 
teenth Congresses  (March  4,  1813-March  3, 
1817)  ;  moved  to  Boston,  Mass.,  in  1816;  presi- 
dential elector  in  1820 ;  delegate  in  the  state  con- 
stitutional convention  of  1820 ;  elected  from 
Massachusetts  to  the  Eighteenth  and  Nineteenth 
Congresses  (March  4,  1823-March  3,  1827)  ; 
elected  to  the  United  States  Senate  and  re- 
elected  and  served  from  March  4,  1827,  to 
February  22,  1841,  when  he  resigned;  ap- 
pointed Secretary  of  State  by  President  Har- 
rison and  again  by  President  Tyler,  and  served 
from  March  5,  1841,  to  May  9,  1843;  again 
elected  to  the  United  States  Senate  and  served 
from  March  4,  1845,  to  July  22,  1850,  when  he 
resigned ;  appointed  Secretary  of  State  by  Presi- 
dent Fillmore  and  served  from  July  22.  1850, 
until  his  death  in  Marshfield,  Mass.,  October 
24,  1852. 

Webster,  Edwin  Hanson,  a  Representative 
from  Maryland ;  born  in  Harford  county,  Md., 
March  31,  1829 ;  received  a  classical  training ; 
member  of  the  state  senate  1855-1859 ;  presi- 
dential elector  on  the  Fillmore  ticket  in  1856; 
elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Thirty-sixth, 
Thirty-seventh  and  Thirty-eighth  Congresses,  and 
served  from  March  4,  1859,  to  February,  1865, 


BIOGRAPHIES. 


1097 


when  he  resigned ;  appointed  collector  of  cus- 
toms at  the  port  of  Baltimore  in  1865,  and  was 
again  appointed  by  President  Arthur  in  1881; 
died  in  Bel  Air,  Md..  April  24,  1893. 

Webster,  Taylor,  a  Representative  from  Ohio ; 
born  in  Pennsylvania  in  1801 ;  moved  with  par- 
ents to  Ohio  in  1806,  where  he  received  a  limited 
schooling;  clerk  of  the  Ohio  house  of  repre- 
sentatives in  1829 ;  member  of  the  house  in  1830, 
and  elected  its  speaker;  elected  as  a  Jackson 
Democrat  to  the  Twenty-third,  Twenty-fourth, 
and  Twenty-fifth  Congresses  (March  4,  1833- 
March  3,  1839)  ;  died  in  New  Orleans,  La.,  April 
27,  1876. 

Weeks,  Edgar,  a  Representative  from  Mich- 
igan ;  born  in  Mount  Clemens,  Mich.,  August  3, 
1839 ;  attended  public  schools ;  learned  the  trade 
of  a  printer ;  studied  law  and  was  admitted  to 
the  bar  in  January,  1861 ;  served  in  the  Civil 
war  in  company  B  of  the  fifth  Michigan  volun- 
teer infantry  and  was  first  sergeant  of  the  com- 
pany ;  first  lieutenant  and  adjutant  of  the 
twenty-second  Michigan  infantry  in  1862 ;  cap- 
tain in  1863 ;  appointed  assistant  inspector-gen- 
eral of  the  third  brigade,  second  division,  re- 
serve corps,  Army  of  the  Cumberland,  in  1863 ; 
was  mustered  out  in  December,  1863 ;  became 
one  of  the  proprietors  and  editor  of  a  Republican 
newspaper  in  Mount  Clemens,  Mich. ;  resumed 
the  practice  of  law  in  1866 ;  twice  elected  prose- 
cuting attorney,  and  afterwards  appointed  judge 
of  probate  of  Macomb  county ;  candidate  for 
Congress  in  1884,  but  defeated;  elected  as  a 
Republican  to  the  Fifty-sixth  and  Fifty-seventh 
Congresses  (March  4,  1899-March  3,  1903)  ;  died 
in  Mount  Clemens,  Mich.,  December  17,  1904. 

Weeks,  John  Wing-ate,  a  Representative  from 
New  Hampshire ;  born  in  Greenland,  N.  H., 
March  31,  1781;  received  a  limited  schooling; 
learned  the  carpenter  trade ;  recruited  a  company 
for  the  eleventh  United  States  infantry  and 
served  as  its  captain  in  the  war  of  1812 ;  pro- 
moted to  the  rank  of  major ;  returned  to  Coos 
county,  N.  H.,  where  he  held  several  local  offices ; 
elected  to  the  Twenty-first  and  Twenty-second 
Congresses  (March  4,  1829-March  3,  1833)  ;  died 
in  Lancaster,  N.  H.,  April  3,  1853. 

Weeks,  John  Wingate,  a  Representative  from 
Massachusetts;  born  in  Lancaster,  N.  H.,  April 
11,  1860;  was  graduated  from  the  United  States 
naval  academy  in  1881 ;  vice  president  of  the 
First  Natioiiiil  bank  of  Boston  and  vice  president 
of  the  Newton  trust  company.  Newton  ;  served  in 
the  United  States  navy  as  a  midshipman  1881- 
1883 ;  served  in  the  Massachusetts  naval  brigade 
1890-1900;  served  in  the  Spanish- American  war 
as  a  lieutenant  in  the  volunteer  navy ;  three 
years  an  alderman  and  two  years  mayor  of 
Newton;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Fifty- 
ninth,  Sixtieth,  and  Sixty-first  Congresses 
(March  4,  1905-March  3,  1911).  Reelected  to 
the  Sixty-second  Congress. 

Weeks,  Joseph,  a  Representative  from  New 
Hampshire;  native  of  Massachusetts;  moved  to 
Richmond,  N.  H. ;  held  several  local  offices  in 
Cheshire  county ;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the 
Twenty-fourth  and  Twenty-fifth  Congresses 
(March  4,  1835-March  3,  1839). 

Weems,  Capel  Lane,  a  Representative  from 
Ohio;  born  in  Whigville,  Noble  county,  Ohio, 
July  7,  1860 ;  attended  common  schools  and  an 


academy ;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar, 
and  commenced  practice  in  Caldwell,  Ohio,  in 
the  spring  of  1883 ;  elected  prosecuting  attorney 
of  Noble  county  in  1884 ;  member  of  the  lower 
house  of  the  general  assembly  of  Ohio ;  removed 
to  St.  Clairsville,  Belmont  county,  in  1890; 
elected  prosecuting  attorney  in  1893  and  1896; 
elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Fifty-eighth  Con- 
gress, to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  the  resignation 
of  Joseph  J.  Gill ;  reelected  to  the  Fifty-ninth 
and  Sixtieth  Congresses,  and  served  from  Novem- 
ber 9,  1903,  to  March  3,  1909 ;  resumed  the  prac- 
tice of  law  in  Steubenville,  Ohio;  died  in  Steu- 
benville,  Ohio,  January  5,  1913. 

Weems,  John  C.,  a  Representative  from  Mary- 
land ;  born  in  Waterloo,  Calvert  county,  Md. ; 
elected  to  the  Nineteenth  Congress,  to  fill  va- 
cancy caused  by  the  resignation  of  Joseph  Kent ; 
reelected  to  the  Twentieth  Congress  and  served 
from  February  7,  1826,  to  March  3,  1829. 

Weightman,  Richard  Hanson,  a  Delegate 
from  New  Mexico ;  born  in  Washington,  D.  C., 
December  28,  1816;  attended  the  West  Point 
military  academy  1835-1837 ;  served  as  captain 
in  the  Missouri  light  infantry  in  the  Mexican 
war;  moved  to  New  Mexico;  elected  as  a  Demo- 
crat to  the  Thirty-second  Congress  (March  4, 
1851-March  3,  1853)  ;  killed  while  commanding 
a  brigade  at  Wilsons  Creek,  Mo.,  August  10, 
1861. 

Weisse,  Charles  Herman,  a  Representative 
from  Wisconsin;  born  near  Sheboygan  Falls, 
Wis.,  October  24,  1866;  attended  public  schools; 
chairman  of  the  board  of  village  trustees  four 
times ;  held  other  local  offices ;  defeated  as  the 
Democratic  candidate  for  the  Fifty-seventh  Con- 
gress; elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Fifty-eighth, 
Fifty-ninth,  Sixtieth,  and  Sixty-first  Congresses 
(March  4,  1903-March  3,  1911)  ;  returned  to 
Sheboygan  Falls,  Wis.,  and  engaged  in  manufac- 
ture of  leather. 

Welborn,  John,  a  Representative  from  Mis- 
souri ;  born  in  Freedom  township,  Lafayette 
county,  Mo.,  November  20,  1857;  attended  the 
Warrensburg,  Mo.,  public  schools;  studied  law, 
was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  practiced  in  Lex- 
ington, Mo. ;  held  several  local  offices ;  elected 
as  a  Republican  to  the  Fifty-ninth  Congress 
(March  4,  1905-March  3,  1907)  ;  died  in  Lexing- 
ton, Mo.,  October  27,  1907. 

Welch,  Adonijah  Strong,  a  Senator  from 
Florida ;  born  in  East  Hampton,  Conn..  April  12, 
1821 ;  moved  to  Michigan  in  1839  and  was  gradu- 
ated from  the  university  of  Michigan  in  1846; 
studied  law  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in 
1847 ;  principal  of  the  Jonesville,  Mich.,  high 
school  in  1847-1849 ;  principal  of  the  Michigan 
state  normal  school  in  Ypsilanti,  Mich.,  1851- 
1865;  moved  to  Pensacola,  Fla.,  in  1865;  re- 
moved to  Jacksonville ;  chairman  of  the  state 
Republican  committee  in  1868;  elected  to  the 
United  States  Senate  as  a  Republican  and  served 
from  June  17,  1868,  to  March  3,  1869 ;  moved  to 
Iowa  and  was  chosen  president  of  the  Iowa 
state  agricultural  college,  at  Ames.  Iowa,  and 
served  1869-1883 ;  commissioner  to  inspect  for- 
eign colleges  of  agriculture  in  1882;  died  in 
Pasadena,  Gal.,  March  14,  1889. 

Welch,  Frank,  a  Delegate  from  the  Territory 
of  Nebraska ;  born  in  Massachusetts,  February 
10,  1835;  was  graduated  from  the  Boston  high 


1098 


CONGRESSIONAL   DIRECTORY. 


school ;  adopted  profession  of  engineering ; 
moved  to  the  Territory  of  Nebraska  in  1857; 
member  of  territorial  and  state  legislatures; 
register  of  land  office  in  West  Point,  Nebr., 
1871-1876;  elected  as  a  Republican  a  Delegate 
to  the  Forty-fifth  Congress,  and  served  from 
March  4,  1877,  until  his  death  in  Neligh,  Nebr., 
September  4,  1878. 

Welch,  John,  a  Representative  from  Ohio; 
born  in  Harrison  county,  Ohio,  October  28, 1805 ; 
received  a  liberal  schooling  and  was  graduated 
from  Franklin  college;  studied  law,  was  admit- 
ted to  the  bar,  and  in  1833  began  practice  in 
Athens,  Ohio ;  member  of  the  state  senate  1846- 
1847 ;  elected  as  a  Whig  to  the  Thirty-second 
Congress  (March  4,  1851-March  3,  1853)  ;  jus- 
tice of  the  supreme  court  of  Ohio  for  twelve 
years:  chief  justice  for  four  years;  died  in 
Athens,  Ohio,  August  5,  1891. 

Welch,  William  Wickham,  a  Representative 
from  Connecticut ;  born  in  Norfolk,  Conn.,  De- 
cember 10,  1818;  studied  medicine  and  was  grad- 
uated from  the  medical  department  of  Yale  col- 
lege in  1838 ;  began  practice  in  Norfolk ;  served 
in  both  branches  of  the  state  legislature;  elected 
as  an  American  to  the  Thirty-fourth  Congress 
(March  4,  1855-March  3,  1857)  ;  died  in  Norfolk, 
Conn.,  July  30,  1892. 

Welker,  Martin,  a  Representative  from  Ohio ; 
born  in  Knox  county,  Ohio,  April  25,  1819;  at- 
tended the  common  schools ;  studied  law  and  was 
admitted  to  the  bar;  judge  of  the  sixth  judicial 
district  1852-1857 ;  moved  to  Wooster,  Ohio,  in 
1857 ;  lieutenant-governor  in  1857  and  declined  a 
renomination ;  colonel  in  the  Union  army ; 
elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Thirty-ninth. 
Fortieth,  and  Forty-first  Congresses  (March  4, 
1861-March  3,  1871). 

Wellborn,  Marshall  Johnson,  a  Representa- 
tive from  Georgia ;  born  in  Putnam  county,  Ga., 
May  29,  1808;  received  a  liberal  schooling; 
studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  prac- 
ticed in  Columbus,  Ga. ;  held  several  local  offices ; 
member  of  state  legislature  in  1829;  elected 
judge  of  the  superior  court  of  Georgia  in  1842; 
elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Thirty-first  Con- 
gress (March  4,  1849-March  3,  1851)  ;  ordained 
a  Baptist  minister  in  1864,  and  continued  in  the 
ministry  until  his  death  in  Columbus,  Ga.,  Octo- 
ber 16,  1874. 

Wellborn,  Olin,  a  Representative  from  Texas ; 
elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Forty-sixth,  Forty- 
seventh,  Forty-eighth,  and  Forty-ninth  Con- 
gresses (March  4,  1881-March  3,  1887). 

Weller,  John  B.,  a  Representative  from  Ohio 
and  a  Senator  from  California ;  born  in  Hamil- 
ton, Butler  county,  Ohio,  February  22,  1811 ;  re- 
ceived a  public  school  training;  elected  as  a 
Democrat  from  Ohio  to  the  Twenty-sixth, 
Twenty-seventh,  and  Twenty-eighth  Congresses 
(March  4,  1839-March  3,  1845)  ;  served  in  the 
Mexican  war  as  a  lieutenant-colonel  and  colonel 
1846-1847;  moved  to  California;  elected  to  the 
United  States  Senate  and  served  from  March  17, 
1852,  to  March  3,  1857;  governor  of  California 
1858-1860;  minister  to  Mexico  November  7,  1860, 
to  May  14,  1861 ;  delegate  to  the  Democratic 
national  convention  in  Chicago  in  1864;  died  in 
New  Orleans,  La.,  August  17,  1875. 


Weller,  Luman  Hannibal,  a  Representative 
from  Iowa  ;  born  in  Bridgewater,  Conn.,  August 
24,  1833;  received  a  common  school  and  ac;idemic 
training;  also  a  course  at  the  state  normal 
school,  New  Britain,  Conn.,  and  literary  insti- 
tute, Suffield,  Conn. ;  went  west  in  1859  and 
located  in  Chickasaw  county,  Iowa,  where  he  en- 
gaged in  farming  and  studied  law;  defeated  as 
an  independent  candidate  for  the  state  legisla- 
ture in  1867 ;  elected  as  a  National  to  the  Forty- 
eighth  Congress  (March  4,  1883-March  3,  1885)  ; 
engaged  in  farming  near  Nashua,  Iowa. 

Wellington,  George  Louis,  a  Representative 
and  a  Senator  from  Maryland:  born  in  Cum- 
berland, Allegany  county,  Md.,  January  28.  1852: 
attended  a  German  school  and  received  private 
instruction ;  appointed  to  a  clerkship  in  the  sec- 
ond National  bank  of  Cumberland  in  1870;  be- 
came teller;  appointed  treasurer  of  Allegany 
county  in  1882  and  served  until  1888;  again  ap- 
pointed in  1890;  delegate  to  the  national  Repub- 
lican conventions  of  1884  and  1888;  nominated 
by  the  Republican  party  for  comptroller  of 
Maryland  in  1889  and  defeated  after  an  active 
canvass;  assistant  treasurer  of  the  United 
States  at  Baltimore  1800-1893;  elected  as  a  Re- 
publican to  the  Fifty-fourth  Congress  (March  4, 
1895-March  3,  1897)  ;  elected  to  the  United 
States  Senate  as  a  Republican  and  served  from 
March  4,  1897,  to  March  i!,  1903;  a  resident  of 
Cumberland  county,  Md.,  interested  in  and  an 
officer  of  several  corporations. 

Wells,  Alfred,  a  Representative  from  New 
York ;  born  in  Dagsboro,  Del.,  May  27,  1814 ; 
pursued  classical  studies;  studied  law,  was  ad- 
mitted to  the  bar,  and  began  practice  in  Ithaca. 
N.  Y. ;  held  several  local  offices ;  elected  as  a 
Republican  to  the  Thirty-sixth  Congress  (March 
4,  1859-March  3,  1861)  ;  died  in  Ithaca,  N.  Y., 
in  1867. 

Wells,  Daniel,  Jr.,  a  Representative  from 
Wisconsin ;  born  in  West  Waterville,  Me.,  July 
16,  1808;  attended  the  public  schools;  moved  to 
Milwaukee,  Wis.,  in  1836 ;  engaged  in  banking 
and  lumbering;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the 
Thirty-third  and  Thirty-fourth  Congresses 
(March  4,  1853-March  3,  1857)  ;  died  in  Mil- 
\vaukee,  Wis.,  March  18,  1902. 

Wells,  Erastus,  a  Representative  from  Mis- 
souri ;  born  in  Jefferson  county,  N.  Y.,  December 
2,  1823;  received  a  public  school  training;  went 
to  St.  Louis,  Mo.,  in  1842;  established  the  first 
omnibus  line  in  that  city,  and  subsequently  inau- 
gurated the  first  street  railroad  company;  fif- 
teen years  a  member  of  the  city  council ;  presi- 
dent of  the  Missouri  railroad  company  and  of 
the  West  End  Narrow  Gauge  railroad  company 
and  a  director  in  other  corporations;  elected  as 
a  Democrat  to  the  Forty-first,  Forty-second. 
Forty-third, and  Forty-fourth  Congresses  (March 
4,  1869-March  3,  1877)  ;  defeated  for  the  Forty - 
fifth  Congress;  reelected  to  the  Forty-sixth 
Congress  (March  4,  1879-March  3,  1881)  ;  died 
in  St.  Louis  county,  Mo.,  October  2,  1893. 

Wells,  Guilf ord  Wiley,  a  Representative  from 
Mississippi ;  born  in  Conesus  Center,  Livingston 
county,  N.  Y.,  February  14,  1840;  pursued  clas- 
sical studies ;  served  in  the  Union  army ;  en- 
listed as  a  private  in  the  twenty-seventh  New 
York  infantry,  May  21,  1861 ;  second  lieuten- 
ant, one  hundred  and  thirtieth  New  York  in- 


BIOGRAPHIES. 


1099 


fantry,  in  1862;  first  lieutenant  and  captain, 
nineteenth  New  York  cavalry ;  wounded  in  bat- 
tle of  Trevillian  Station,  Va.,  June  12,  1864; 
mustered  out  February  10,  1865,  as  a  lieutenant 
colonel ;  resumed  the  study  of  law  and  was 
graduated  from  the  law  department  of  Colum- 
bian college,  Washington,  D.  C.,  in  1867 ;  located 
in  Holly  Springs,  Miss. ;  United  States  attorney 
for  the  northern  district  of  Mississippi,  1870- 
1875;  elected  as  an  Administration  Republican 
to  the  Forty-fourth  Congress  (March  4,  1875- 
March  3,  1877)  ;  consul  general  at  Shanghai, 
China,  1877-1878 ;  located  in  Los  Angeles,  Cal.,  in 
1879  and  practiced  law;  died  in  Santa  Monica, 
Cal.,  March  21,  1909. 

Wells,  John,  a  Representative  from  New 
York ;  born  in  Johnstown,  N.  Y.,  July  1,  1817 ; 
attended  Johnstown  academy  and  was  gradu- 
ated from  Union  college,  Schenectady,  N.  Y., 
in  1835 ;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar, 
f.nd  began  practice  in  New  York  City ;  held  sev- 
eral local  offices;  elected  as  a  Whig  to  the 
Thirty-second  Congress  (March  4,  1851-March 
3,  1853)  ;  was  a  judge  for  several  years,  located 
in  Johnstown,  where  he  died  May  30,  1877. 

Wells,  John  Sullivan,  a  Senator  from  New 
Hampshire;  born  in  Durham,  N.  H.,  October 
18,  1803;  attended  the  academy  in  Pembroke, 
N.  H. ;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar 
in  1828;  practiced  in  Guildhall,  Vt,  1828-1835; 
in  Bangor,  Me.,  in  1835;  in  Lancaster,  N.  H., 
1836-1846;  and  thereafter  in  Exeter,  N.  H. ; 
served  several  years  in  the  state  house  of  rep- 
resentatives, part  of  the  time  as  speaker;  at- 
torney general  of  New  Hampshire  1847 ;  mem- 
ber and  president  of  the  state  senate  1851- 
1852 ;  appointed  to  the  United  States  Senate,  to 
fill  vacancy  caused  by  the  death  of  Moses  Nor- 
ris  and  served  from  January  16,  1855,  to  March 
3,  1855;  died  in  Exeter,  N.  H.,  August  1,  I860. 

Wells,  Owen  Augustine,  a  Representative 
from  Wisconsin;  born  in  Catskill,  Greene 
county,  N.  Y.,  February  4,  1844 ;  moved  to  Fond 
du  Lac,  Wis.,  with  his  parents  when  a  boy ; 
attended  public  and  private  schools;  studied 
law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  practiced  in 
Fond  du  Lac ;  also  engaged  in  farming  and 
stock  raising;  collector  of  internal  revenue  for 
the  third  Wisconsin  district  under  Grover 
Cleveland  for  two  years,  until  the  district  was 
consolidated  with  the  Milwaukee  district ;  dele- 
gate in  the  national  Democratic  convention  in 
St.  Louis  in  1888  and  in  Indianapolis  in  1896 ; 
elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Fifty-third  Con- 
gress (March  4,  1893-March  3,  1895)  ;  resumed 
the  practice  of  law  in  Fond  du  Lac,  Wis. 

Wells,  William  Hill  a  Senator  from  Dela- 
ware; born  in  Burlington,  N.  J.,  January  7, 
1769 ;  received  a  liberal  schooling ;  studied  law, 
was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  Georgetown,  Del., 
and  practiced ;  engaged  in  business  in  Dags- 
boro  and  Millsboro,  Del. ;  later  located  in  Dover, 
Del. ;  member  of  the  general  assembly  of  Dela- 
ware 1795-1797;  elected  to  the  United  States 
Senate  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  the  death  of 
Joshua  Clayton  and  served  from  January  17, 
1799,  to  November  6,  1804,  when  he  resigned ; 
again  elected  to  the  United  States  Senate  to 
fill  vacancy  caused  by  the  resignation  of  James 
A.  Bayard  and  served  from  May  28,  1813,  to 
March  3,  1817;  died  in  Millsboro,  Del.,  March 
11,  1829. 


Wemple,  Edward,  a  Representative  from 
New  York;  born  in  Fultonville,  N.  Y.,  October 

23,  1843 ;  was  graduated  from  Union  college  in 
1866 ;   studied  law  for  a  time,  but  engaged  in 
the  foundry  business;  supervisor  of  Fultonville 
1874-1876 ;  member  of  the  state  assembly  1877- 
1878;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Forty-eighth 
Congress  (March  4,  1883-March  3,  1885)  ;  served 
one  term  in  the  state  senate;  Democratic  presi- 
dential elector  in  1884 ;   elected  comptroller  of 
the  state  of  New  York  in  1887  and  served  two 
terms. 

Wendover,  Peter  HM  a  Representative  from 
New  York ;  native  of  New  York ;  received  a  lib- 
eral schooling;  held  several  local  offices;  mem- 
ber of  the  state  assembly ;  elected  as  a  Demo- 
crat to  the  Fourteenth,  Fifteenth,  and  Sixteenth 
Congresses  (March  4,  1815-March  3,  1821); 
died  in  New  York  City  September  20,  1834. 

Wentworth,  John,  Jr.,  a  Delegate  from  New 
Hampshire;  born  in  Salmon  Falls,  N.  H..  July 
17,  1745;  was  graduated  from  Harvard  univer- 
sity in  1768;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the 
bar,  and  began  practice  in  Dover,  N.  H. ;  mem- 
ber of  the  state  house  of  representatives  1776- 
1780;  Delegate  in  the  Continental  Congress 
1778-1779 ;  one  of  the  signers  of  the  articles  of 
confederation;  member  of  the  state  council  3780- 
1784;  member  of  the  state  senate  1784-1787; 
died  in  Dover,  N.  H.,  January  10,  1787. 

Wentworth,  John,  a  Representative  from  Illi- 
nois; born  in  Sandwich,  N.  H.,  March  5,  1815; 
moved  with  parents  to  Dover,  N.  H.,  in  1819, 
where  he  attended  public  schools  and  an  acad- 
emy; was  graduated  from  Darmouth  college  in 
1836;  moved  to  Chicago,  111.,  and  engaged  in 
newspaper  work ;  studied  law,  attended  the  Har- 
vard law  school,  was  admitted  to  the  Illinois 
bar  in  1841,  and  practiced;  elected  as  a  Demo- 
crat to  the  Twenty-eighth,  Twenty-ninth,  Thir- 
tieth, Thirty-first  Congresses  (March  4,  1843- 
March  3,  1851)  ;  reelected  to  the  Thirty-third 
Congress  (March  4,  1853-March  3,  1855)  ;  mayor 
of  Chicago  as  a  Republican  1857-1863 ;  delegate 
to  the  state  constitutional  convention  of  1861; 
elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Thirty-ninth  Con- 
gress (March  4,  1865-March  3,  1867)  ;  died  in 
Chicago,  111.,  October  16,  1888. 

Wentworth,  Tappan,  a  Representative  from 
Massachusetts;  born  in  Dover,  N.  H.,  February 

24,  1802;   received  a  liberal  schooling;  studied 
law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  in  1824  began 
practice  in  Great  Falls,  N.  H. ;  moved  to  Lowell, 
Mass.,  in  1833  and  a  member  of  the  common 
council  1836-1841 ;  elected  to  the  state  house  of 
representatives  1851,  1859,  1860,  1863,  and  1864; 
to  the  state  senate  1848,  1849,  1865,  and  1866; 
elected  as  a  Whig  to  the  Thirty-third  Congress 
(March  4,  1853-March  3,  1855)  ;  defeated  for  re- 
election; died  in  Lowell,  Mass.,  June  12,  1875. 

West,  George,  a  Representative  from  New 
York ;  born  in  Devonshire  county,  England,  Feb- 
ruary 17,  1823;  attended  common  schools;  came 
to  the  United  States  in  February.  1849,  and 
located  in  Ballston  Spa,  N.  Y. ;  engaged  in  manu- 
facturing; sewed  five  terms  in  the  state  assem- 
bly 1872-1876;  delegate  to  the  Republican  na- 
tional convention  in  Chicago  in  1880;  president 
of  the  first  National  bank ;  elected  as  a  Repub- 
lican to  the  Forty-seventh  Congress  (March  4, 
1881-March  3,  1883)  ;  reelected  to  the  Forty- 


1100 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 


ninth  and  Fiftieth  Congresses  (March  4,  1885- 
March  3,  1889)  ;  died  in  Ballston  Spa,  Saratoga 
county,  N.  YM  September  20,  1901. 

West,  Joseph,  Rodman,  a  Senator  from 
Louisiana ;  born  in  New  Orleans,  La.,  September 
19,  1822;  attended  the  University  of  Pennsyl- 
vania ;  captain  of  volunteers  in  the  Mexican 
war;  moved  to  California  in  1849  and  engaged  in 
newspaper  work  in  San  Francisco ;  entered  the 
Union  army  as  lieutenant-colonel  first  California 
infantry  August  5,  1861;  colonel  June  1,  1862; 
brigadier  general  of  volunteers  October  25,  1862 ; 
brevet  major  general  January  4,  1866,  "  for 
faithful  and  meritorious  service ;  "  mustered  out 
the  same  day ;  moved  to  Texas  and  then  to  New 
Orleans ;  held  several  local  offices ;  deputy  United 
States  marshal ;  auditor  for  customs ;  elected  to 
the  United  States  Senate  as  a  Repubican  and 
served  from  March  4,  1871,  to  March  3,  1877; 
Commissioner  of  the  District  of  Columbia  1882- 
1885;  died  in  Washington,  D.  C.,  October  31, 
1898. 

Westbrook,  John,  a  Representative  from 
Pennsylvania ;  native  of  Pennsylvania ;  elected 
as  a  Democrat  to  the  Twenty-seventh  Congress 
(March  4,  1841-March  3,  1843). 

Westbrook,  Theodoric  R.,  a  Representative 
from  New  York ;  native  of  New  York ;  received 
a  liberal  schooling;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to 
the  bar,  and  began  practice  in  Kingston,  N.  Y. ; 
elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Thirty-third  Con- 
gress (March  4,  1853-March  3,  1855). 

Westcott,  James  Diament,  a  Senator  from 
Florida ;  born  in  Alexandria,  Va.,  May  10,  1802 ; 
moved  to  New  Jersey,  where  he  received  a  liberal 
schooling ;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar, 
and  in  1824  began  practice;  secretary  of  Florida 
Territory  1830-1834 ;  United  States  attorney  for 
the  middle  district  of  Florida  1834-1836 ;  served 
in  the  territorial  house  of  representatives  in 
1832;  delegate  to  the  state  conventions  of  1838- 
1839;  elected  to  the  United  States  Senate  as  a 
Democrat  and  served  from  July  1,  1845  to  March 

3,  1849;  moved  to  New  York  City  in  1850  and 
practiced  law ;  removed  to  Canada  in  1862 ;  died 
in  Montreal,  Canada,  January  12,  1880. 

Westerlo,  Rensselaer,  a  Representative  from 
New  York;  born  in  Albany,  N.  Y.,  in  1776;  was 
graduated  from  Columbia  college  in  1795; 
studied  law  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar ;  elected 
as  a  Federalist  to  the  Fifteenth  Congress  (March 

4,  1817-March  3,  1819)  ;  died  in  Albany,  N.  Y., 
April  13,  1851. 

Wethered,  John,  a  Representative  from  Mary- 
land ;  born  in  Baltimore  county,  Maryland,  May 
8, 1809 ;  completed  preparatory  studies ;  held  local 
offices;  elected  to  the  Twenty-eighth  Congress 
(March  4,  1843-March  3,  1845)  ;  delegate  in  the 
state  constitutional  convention  of  1867  from 
Baltimore  county;  engaged  in  the  manufacture 
of  woolen  goods ;  died  in  Baltimore,  Md.,  Febru- 
ary 15,  1888. 

Wetmore,  George  Peabody,  a  Senator  from 
Rhode  Island ;  born  during  a  visit  of  his  parents 
abroad  in  London,  England,  August  2,  1846 ;  was 
graduated  from  Yale  college  in  1867 ;  studied 
law  in  Columbia  college  law  school  and  was 
graduated  in  1869 ;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  of 
Rhode  Island  and  of  New  York  in  3.S69;  trustee 
of  the  Peabody  museum  of  natural  history  in 
Yale  university;  trustee  of  the  Peabody  educa- 


tion fund,  president  of  the  Newport  hospital,  and 
a  director  of  other  associations ;  first  presidential 
elector  of  Rhode  Island  in  1880  and  in  1884; 
member  of  the  commission  to  build  a  new  state 
house;  governor  of  Rhode  Island  in  1885-1887; 
defeated  for  a  third  term  in  1887 ;  defeated  as  a 
Republican  candidate  for  the  United  States  Sen- 
ate in  1889 ;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the 
United  States  Senate  June  13,  1894.  for  the  term 
beginning  March  4,  1895;  reelected  in  1900  and 
in  1907  for  the  term  expiring  March  4,  1913. 

Wever,  John  Madison,  a  Representative  from 
New  York;  born  in  Ganges,  Allegan  county, 
Mich.,  February  24,  1847 ;  attended  the  common 
schools  and  Albion  college,  Mich. ;  entered  Union 
army  at  age  of  16  and  served  in  the  army  of 
Cumberland  and  the  army  of  the  Ohio ;  at  close 
of  war  located  in  Plattsburg,  N.  Y.,  and  entered 
into  banking  business;  elected  county  treasurer 
of  Clinton  county  in  1884  and  reelected  in  1887 ; 
elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Fifty-second  and 
Fifty-third  Congresses  (March  4,  1891-March  3, 
1895)  ;  cashier  and  then  president  of  the  Mer- 
chants' National  bank,  of  Plattsburg,  N.  Y. 

Weymouth,  George  Warren,  a  Representa- 
tive from  Massachusetts;  born  in  West  Ames- 
bury,  now  Merrimac,  Mass.,  August  25,  1850; 
attended  the  public  schools  and  was  graduated 
from  the  high  school  of  Merrimac ;  engaged  in 
business;  director  of  the  Fitchburg  National 
bank  and  trustee  of  the  Fitchburg  savings  bank; 
director  in  several  corporations ;  one  year  in  the 
city  council  of  Fitchburg;  in  the  state  legisla- 
ture of  1896  and  delegate  to  the  national  Repub- 
lican conwention  in  St.  Louis  in  1896;  elected 
as  a  Republican  to  the  Fifty-fifth  and  Fifty- 
sixth  Congresses  (March  4,  1897-March  3, 
1901) ;  killed  in  an  automobile  accident  in. 
Bingham,  Me.,  September  7,  1910:  interment  in 
Fairhaven,  Mass. 

Whaley,  Kellian  Van  Rensalear,  a  Repre- 
sentative from  Virginia  and  from  West  Vir- 
ginia;  born  in  Onondaga  county,  N.  Y.,  May  6, 
1821 ;  moved  to  Ohio  and  attended  the  public 
schools;  moved  to  Virginia  in  1842,  located  in 
Point  Pleasant,  and  engaged  in  lumbering; 
elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Thirty-seventh 
Congress  (March  4,  1861-March  3,  1863)  ;  served 
in  the  Union  army ;  elected  a  Representative 
from  the  new  state  of  West  Virginia  to  the 
Thirty-eighth  and  Thirty-ninth  Congresses  and 
served  from  December  7,  1863,  to  March  3, 1867 ; 
delegate  in  the  Republican  national  convention 
in  Baltimore  in  1864;  collector  of  customs  at 
Brazos  de  Santiago,  Tex.,  in  1868 ;  died  in  Point 
Pleasant,  W.  Va.,  May  20,  1876. 

Whallon,  Reuben,  a  Representative  from 
New  York;  born  in  New  Jersey  in  1777;  moved 
to  New  York;  elected  as  a  Jackson  Democrat 
to  the  Twenty-third  Congress  (March  4,  1833- 
March  3,  1835)  ;  died  in  Split  Rock,  N.  Y.,  April 
15,  1843. 

Wharton,  Charles  S.,  a  Representative  from 
Illinois;  born  in  Aledo,  111.,  April  22,  1875; 
moved  to  Chicago  with  his  parents  in  1878;  at- 
tended the  Chicago  public  schools  and  was 
graduated  from  the  law  department  of  the 
university  of  Michigan ;  admitted  to  the  bar 
June  10,  1896;  in  1899  was  town  attorney  for 
the  town  of  Lake;  in  May,  1903,  was  appointed 
assistant  city  attorney  of  Chicago ;  elected  as  a 


BIOGRAPHIES 


1101 


Republican  to  the  Fifty-ninth  Congress  (March 
4,  1905-March  3,  1907);  resumed  the  practice 
of  law  in  Chicago,  111. 

Wharton,  Jesse,  a  Representative  and  a  Sen- 
ator from  Tennessee;  born  in  Albemarle  county, 
Va.,  July  29,  1776;  completed  preparatory 
studies ;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar, 
and  practiced  in  Albemarle  county ;  located  in 
Tennessee;  elected  to  the  Tenth  Congress 
(March  4,  1807-March  3,  1309)  ;  appointed  to 
the  United  States  Senate  to  fill  vacancy  caused 
by  the  resignation  of  George  W.  Campbell  and 
served  from  March  17,  1814,  to  October  10, 
1815 ;  died  in  Nashville,  Tenn.,  July  22,  1833. 

Wharton,  Samuel,  a  Delegate  from  Dela- 
ware ;  born  in  Philadelphia,  Pa.,  May  3,  1732 ; 
received  a  liberal  schooling;  engaged  in  the 
mercantile  business ;  Indians  destroyed  goods 
of  the  firm  in  which  he  was  associated,  and  for 
indemnification  made  over  a  large  tract  of 
land  bordering  on  the  Ohio  river  and  compris- 
ing about  one-fourth  of  the  present  state  of 
West  Virginia ;  while  in  England,  to  secure  a 
confirmation  of  the  grant,  some  of  his  corre- 
spondence with  Benjamin  Franklin  was  dis- 
covered and,  with  Franklin,  was  forced  to  flee 
to  France;  returned  to  Philadelphia  in  1780; 
member  of  city  councils,  of  the  committee  of 
safety  of  the  Revolution,  of  the  colonial  and 
state  legislatures ;  Delegate  from  Delaware  in 
the  Continental  Congress  1782-1783;  justice  of 
the  peace  for  the  district  of  Southwark ;  died  at 
his  country  seat  near  Philadelphia,  Pa.,  in 
March,  1800. 

Wheaton,  Horace,  a  Representative  from 
New  York ;  born  in  New  Milcord,  Conn.,  Feb- 
ruary 24,  1803;  received  a  limited  schooling; 
held  several  local  offices;  elected  as  a  Democrat 
to  the  Twenty-eighth  and  Twenty-ninth  Con- 
gresses (March  4,  1843-March  3,  1847)  ;  died 
in  Syracuse,  N.  ¥.,  June  21,  1882. 

Wheaton,  Laban,  a  Representative  from 
Massachusetts;  born  in  Mansfield,  Mass.,  March 
13,  1754 ;  was  graduated  from  Harvard  college 
in  1774;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar, 
and  began  practice  in  Norton,  Mass. ;  judge 
of  the  county  court;  elected  as  a  Federalist 
to  the  Eleventh,  Twelfth,  Thirteenth,  and  Four- 
teenth Congresses  (March  4,  1809-March  3, 
1817)  ;  chief  justice  of  the  court  of  common 
pleas  in  1810  and  chief  justice  of  the  court  of 
sessions  in  1819 ;  died  in  Norton,  Mass.,  March 
23,  1846. 

Wheeler,  Charles  Kennedy,  a  Representative 
from  Kentucky ;  born  in  Christian  county,  Ky., 
April  18,  1863;  attended  common  schools;  was 
graduated  from  Southwestern  university, 
Clarksville,  Tenn.,  in  1879,  and  from  the  Lebanon 
law  school,  Lebanon,  Tenn.,  in  1880;  located  in 
Paducah,  Ky.,  August,  1880,  and  engaged  in  the 
practice  of  law ;  Democratic  elector  in  1892 ; 
elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Fifty-fifth,  Fifty- 
sixth,  and  Fifty-seventh  Congresses  (March  4, 
1897-March  3,  1903)  ;  resumed  the  practice  of 
law  in  Paducah,  Ky. 

Wheeler,  Ezra,  a  Representative  from  Wis- 
consin; born  in  Chenango  county,  N.  Y.,  De- 
cember 23,  1820;  received  a  liberal  preparatory 
schooling  and  was  graduated  from  Union  col- 
lege ;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar, 


and  began  practice  in  Berlin,  Wis. ;  member  of 
the  state  house  of  representatives  in  1852; 
county  judge  1854-1862;  elected  as  a  Demo- 
crat to  the  Thirty-eighth  Congress  (March  4, 
1863-March  3,  1865)  ;  died  in  Pueblo.  Colo., 
September  19,  1871. 

Wheeler,  Frank  Willis,  a  Representative  from 
Michigan ;  born  in  Chaumont,  Jefferson  county, 
N.  Y.,  March  2,  1853 ;  received  a  common-school 
education ;  moved  with  his  parents  to  East  Sagi- 
naw,  Mich.,  in  1864;  engaged  in  boatbuilding 
and  became  master ;  located  in  West  Bay  City, 
Mich.,  in  1876;  became  master  of  the  Saginaw 
river  tug  association ;  engaged  in  shipbuilding 
at  the  Bay  cities  for  many  years ;  elected  as  a 
Republican  to  the  Fifty -first  Congress  (March  4, 
1889-March  3,  1891)  ;  a  resident  of  Detroit, 
Mich. 

Wheeler,  Grattan  Henry,  a  Representative 
from  New  York ;  born  near  Providence,  R.  I., 
August  25,  1783 ;  completed  preparatory  studies ; 
moved  to  Steuben  county,  N.  Y.,  with  parents 
about  1800 ;  state  representative  1822,  1824,  and 
1826,  and  state  senator  1828-1831;  elected  to  the 
Twenty-second  Congress  (March  4,  1831-March 
3,  1833)  ;  died  in  Wheeler,  Steuben  county, 
N.  Y.,  March  11,  1852. 

Wheeler,  Hamilton  Kinkaid,  a  Representa- 
tive from  Illinois;  born  in  Bennington,  Vt., 
August  5,  1848 ;  went  with  parents  to  Illinois  in 
1852;  attended  public  and  private  schools  of 
Illinois;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar  of 
Kankakee  county,  111.,  in  1871,  ad  practiced  in 
Kankakee;  elected  to  the  state  senate  in  1884; 
elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Fifty-third  Con- 
gress (March  4,  1893-March  3,  1895)  ;  resumed 
the  practice  of  law  in  Kankakee,  111. :  delegate 
to  the  Republican  national  conventions  of  1896 
and  1900. 

Wheeler,  Harrison  H.,  a  Representative  from 
Michigan;  born  in  Lapeer  county,  Mich.,  March 
22,  1839;  attended  the  common  schools  and 
taught  school  until  1861;  enlisted  as  a  private 
in  company  C,  tenth  regiment  Michigan  volun- 
teer infantry ;  second  lieutenant  June,  1862 ;  first 
lieutenant,  company  E,  same  regiment,  in  April, 
1863;  captain  company  F,  same  regiment,  in 
April,  1865;  wounded  at  Buzzards  Roost  Gap, 
Kenesaw  mountain,  and  at  Jonesboro,  Ga.,  dur- 
ing the  Atlanta  campaign ;  located  in  Bay  City, 
Mich.,  at  the  close  of  the  war;  elected  clerk  of 
Bay  county  in  1866 ;  studied  law  and  was  ad- 
mitted to  the  bar  in  1868 ;  state  senator  in  1870 
and  1872;  moved  to  Ludington,  Mason  county, 
Mich.,  in  1873  and  appointed  circuit  judge  in  1874 
and  elected  to  the  office;  resigned  in  June,  1878, 
and  resumed  practice  of  law  in  Ludington ; 
elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Fifty-second  Con- 
gress (March  4,  1891-March  3,  1893) ;  died  in 
Ludington,  Mich.,  July  29,  1896. 

Wheeler,  John,  a  Representative  from  New 
York;  born  in  Derby,  Conn.,  in  1823;  attended 
the  common  schools;  moved  to  New  York  city  in 
1853  and  became  a  merchant ;  elected  as  a  Demo- 
crat to  the  Thirty-third  and  Thirty-fourth  Con- 
gresses (March  4,  1853-March  3,  1857). 

Wheeler,  Joseph,  a  Representative  from  Ala- 
bama ;  born  in  Augusta,  Ga.,  September  10, 1836 ; 
was  graduated  from  the  West  Point  military 
academy  July  1,  1859;  brevet  second  lieutenant 
of  first  dragoons;  transferred  to  mounted  rifles 


1102 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 


June  26,  1860;  second  lieutenant,  September  1, 
1860 ;  served  iu  New  Mexico ;  attended  the  cav- 
alry school  in  Carlisle,  Pa.,  one  year;  resigned 
April  22,  1861;  lieutenant  of  artillery  in  the 
Confederate  army ;  successively  promoted  to  the 
command  of  a  regiment,  brigade,  division,  and 
army  corps,  and  in  1862  assigned  to  the  com- 
mand of  the  army  corps  of  cavalry  of  the  West- 
ern army,  continuing  in  the  position  until  the 
war  closed;  by  joint  resolution  of  the  confeder- 
ate congress  received  the  thanks  of  that  body 
for  successful  military  operations,  and  for  the 
defense  of  the  city  of  Aiken  received  the  thanks 
of  the  state  of  South  Carolina;  May  11,  1864, 
became  senior  cavalry  general  of  the  Confed- 
erate armies;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the 
bar,  and  engaged  in  practice  and  in  planting  in 
Wheeler,  Ala. ;  served  in  the  Spanish-American 
war ;  major  general  of  volunteers,  May  4,  1898, 
and  assigned  to  command  of  cavalry  division, 
United  States  Army ;  brigadier  general  of  volun- 
teers, April  12,  1899;  brigadier  general,  United 
States  army,  June  16,  1900;  retired  September 
10,  1900;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Forty- 
seventh  Congress,  and  served,  from  March  4, 
1881,  to  June  3,  1882,  when  he  was  succeeded 
by  William  M.  Lowe,  who  contested  his  election ; 
subsequently  elected  in  the  same  Congress  to  fill 
vacancy  caused  by  the  death  of  William  M. 
Lowe,  and  served  from  January  15,  1883,  to 
March  3,  1883;  reelected  as  a  Democrat  to  the 
Forty-ninth,  and  to  the  seven  succeeding  Con- 
gresses, and  served  from  March  4,  1885,  to  April 
20,  1900,  when  he  resigned;  died  in  Brooklyn, 
N.  Y.,  January  25,  1906. 

Wheeler,  Nelson  Platt,  a  Representative  from 
Pennsylvania ;  born  in  Portville,  N.  Y.,  Novem- 
ber 4,  1841 ;  attended  the  public  schools  and 
academies  in  Olean  and  Deposit,  N.  Y. ;  engaged 
in  the  lumber  business  and  in  farming;  elected 
county  commissioner  and  held  various  township 
offices;  moved  to  Endeavor,  Pa.,  and  served  one 
term,  1878-1879,  in  the  state  legislature;  de- 
clined, a  renomination ;  elected  as  a  Republican 
to  the  Sixtieth  and  Sixty-first  Congresses 
(March  4,  1907-March  3,  1911) ;  engaged  in 
business  in  Endeavor,  Pa. 

Wheeler5  William  Almon,  a  Representative 
from  New  York ;  born  in  Malone,  N.  Y.,  June 
19,  1819;  completed  preparatory  studies  in 
Franklin  academy,  Malone,  N.  Y.,  and  attended 
the  university  of  Vermont,  in  Burlington,  Vt, ; 
studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1845, 
and  practiced  in  Malone,  N.  Y. ;  for  several  years 
district  attorney  for  Franklin  county,  N.  Y. ; 
member  of  the  state  assembly  1850-1851 ;  mem- 
ber of  the  state  senate  1858-1859;  delegate  in 
the  state  constitutional  convention  1867-1868; 
elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Thirty-seventh 
Congress  (March  4,  1861-March  3,  1863)  :  re- 
elected  to  the  Forty-first,  and  to  the  three  suc- 
ceeding Congresses  (March  4,  1869-March  3, 
1877)  ;  elected  Vice  President  of  the  United 
States  on  the  Hayes  ticket  in  1876 ;  died  in  Ma- 
lone, N.  Y.,  June  4,  1887. 

Whipple,  Thomas,  a  Representative  from  New 
Hampshire ;  born  in  Lebanon,  N.  H.,  in  1787 ; 
completed  preparatory  studies,  studied  medicine, 
and  began  practice  in  Wentworth,  N.  H. ;  elected 
to  the  Seventeenth,  and  the  three  succeeding 
Congresses  (March  4,  1821-March  3,  1829)  ;  died 
in  Wentworth,  N.  H.,  January  23,  1835. 


Whipple,  William,  a  Delegate  from  New 
Hampshire;  born  iu  Kittery,  Mass,  (afterwards 
Maine),  January  14,  1730;  sailor,  and  engaged 
in  the  slave  trade  a  number  of  years;  left  the 
sea,  liberated  slaves  belonging  to  him,  and  en- 
gaged in  mercantile  pursuits  in  Portsmouth,  N. 
H. ;  elected  a  Delegate  to  the  Continental  Con- 
gress 1775-1776  and  1778 ;  a  signer  of  the  Decla- 
ration of  Independence ;  declined  a  reelection ; 
member  of  the  state  assembly  1780-1784;  com- 
missioned a  brigadier  general  in  1777,  and  par- 
ticipated in  several  battles  of  the  Revolution ; 
appointed  judge  of  the  state  supreme  court  in 
1782;  died  in  Portsmouth,  N.  H.,  November  28, 
1785. 

Whitcomb,  James,  a  Senator  from  Indiana ; 
born  near  Windsor,  Vt.,  December  1,  1795;  was 
graduated  from  Transylvania  university ;  studied 
law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  began  practice 
in  Bloomington,  Ind.,  in  1824 ;  prosecuting  attor- 
ney for  Monroe  county  in  1826 ;  state  senator 
1830-1836 ;  appointed  by  President  Jackson  com- 
missioner of  the  general  land  office  1836-1841 ; 
resumed  the  practice  of  law  in  Terre  Haute, 
Ind. ;  governor  1843-1849 ;  elected  as  a  Democrat 
to  the  United  States  Senate,  and  served  from 
March  4,  1849,  until  his  death  in  New  York 
City,  October  4,  1852. 

White,  Addison,  a  Representative  from  Ken- 
tucky ;  a  native  of  Kentucky ;  elected  as  a  Whig 
to  the  Thirty-second  Congress  (March  4,  1851- 
March  3,  1853). 

White,  Albert  Smith,  a  Representative  and  a 
Senator  from  Indiana ;  born  in  Blooming  Grove, 
Orange  county,  N.  Y.,  October  24,  1803;  was 
graduated  from  Union  college  in  1822;  studied 
law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1825 ;  moved  to 
Lafayette,  Ind.,  in  1829 ;  clerk  of  the  state  house 
of  representatives  for  five  years;  elected  as  a 
Whig  to  the  Twenty-fifth  Congress  (March  4, 
1837-March  3,  1839)  ;  president  of  several  rail- 
roads; elected  to  the  United  States  Senate,  and 
served  from  March  4,  1839,  to  March  3, 1845 ;  de- 
clined a  reelection ;  elected  as  a  Republican  to 
the  Thirty-seventh  Congress  (March  4,  1861- 
March  3, 1863)  ;  judge  of  the  United  States  court 
for  the  district  of  Indiana  in  1864,  and  served 
until  his  death  in  Stockwell,  Ind.,  September  24, 
1864. 

White,  Alexander,  a  Representative  from  Ala- 
bama ;  born  in  Franklin,  Tenn.,  October  16, 1816 ; 
moved  to  Alabama  with  parents  in  1821 ;  pursued 
an  academic  course  and  attended  the  University 
of  Tennessee;  served  in  the  Seminole  war  in 
1836 ;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in 
1838.  and  practiced  in  Talladega ;  elected  as  a 
Union  Whig  to  the  Thirty-second  Congress 
(March  4,  1851-March  3,  1853)  ;  moved  to 
Selma,  Ala.,  in  1856;  member  of  the  state  con- 
stitutional convention  of  1865 ;  member  of  the 
general  assembly  in  1872;  elected  as  a  Republi- 
can to  the  Forty-third  Congress  (March  4,1873- 
March  3,  1875 )  ;  defeated  for  reelection ;  ap- 
pointed an  associate  justice  of  the  United 
States  court  for  the  territory  of  Utah  in  1875 ; 
served  a  few  months;  returned  to  Alabama, 
then  moved  to  Dallas,  Tex.,  and  practiced  law. 

White,  Alexander,  a  Delegate  from  North 
Carolina  and  a  Representative  from  Virginia ; 
born  in  Rappahannock  county,  Va.,  in  1738 ; 
Delegate  from  North  Carolina  in  the  Continental 


BIOGRAPHIES. 


1103 


Congress  1786-1788;  elected  a  Representative 
from  Virginia  to  the  First  and  Second  Con- 
gresses (March  4,  1789-March  3,  1793)  ;  died  in 
Woodville,  Va.,  September  19,  1804. 

White,  Alexander  Colwell,  a  Representative 
from  Pennsylvania ;  born  near  Kittanning,  Arm- 
strony  county,  Pa.,  December  12,  1833 ;  attended 
public  schools  and  taught  school;  attended  the 
Jacksonville  institute  and  the  Dayton  union 
academy ;  moved  to  Jefferson  county,  Pa.,  in 
1860,  where  he  studied  law  and  was  admitted  to 
practice  in  December,  1862 ;  served  in  the  Union 
army  as  a  private  in  company  I,  eighth  regiment 
Pennsylvania  volunteers ;  elected  district  attor- 
ney in  1867  and  1870;  elected  as  a  Republican 
to  the  Forty-ninth  Congress  (March  4,  1885- 
March  3,  18S7)  ;  resumed  the  practice  of  law; 
died  in  Brookville,  Pa.,  June  11,  1906. 

White,  Allison,  a  Representative  from  Penn- 
sylvania ;  born  in  Pennsylvania,  December  21, 
1816;  attended  the  public  schools,  studied  law, 
was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  began  practice  in 
Lock  Haven,  Pa. ;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the 
Thirty-fifth  Congress  (March  4,  1857-March  3, 
1859);  defeated  for  reelection;  died  in  Phila- 
delphia, Pa.,  April  5,  1886. 

White,  Bartow,  a  Representative  from  'New 
York ;  born  in  Somers,  Westchester  county,  N.  Y., 
November  7,  1776;  completed  preparatory 
studies,  studied  medicine,  and  practiced;  elected 
to  the  Nineteenth  Congress  (March  4,  1825- 
March  3,  1827)  ;  died  in  Fishkill,  Dutchess 
county,  N.  Y.,  December  12,  1862. 

White,  Benjamin,  a  Representative  from 
Maine;  born  in  Goshen  (now  Vienna),  Me.,  May 
13,  1790;  attended  the  common  schools  and 
Farmington  academy ;  a  noncommissioned  offi- 
cer in  the  War  of  1812;  served  two  terms  in 
the  state  house  of  representatives;  elected  as  a 
Democrat  to  the  Twenty-eighth  Congress  (March 
4,  1843-March  3,  1845)  ;  died  in  Montville,  Me., 
June  7,  1860. 

White,  Campbell  P.,  a  Representative  from 
New  York ;  a  native  of  New  York ;  received  a 
limited  education ;  merchant ;  elected  as  a  Jack- 
son Democrat  to  the  Twenty-first,  Twenty-sec- 
ond, and  Twenty-third  Congresses  (March  4, 
1829-March  3.  1835)  ;  appointed  quartermaster- 
general  of  New  York  January  24,  1831;  died  in 
New  York  City,  February  12,  1859. 

White,  Chilton  Allen,  a  Representative  from 
Ohio ;  born  in  Georgetown,  Ohio,  February  12, 
1826;  received  a  limited  schooling;  served  in 
the  Mexican  war;  studied  law,  was  admitted 
to  the  bar,  and  in  1848  began  practice  in  George- 
town, Ohio ;  two  years  prosecuting  attorney 
for  Brown  county ;  member  of  the  state  senate 
1859-1860;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Thirty- 
seventh  and  Thirty-eighth  Congresses  (March 
4,  1861-March  3,  1865)  ;  defeated  for  reelection; 
died  in  Georgetown,  Ohio,  October  7,  1900. 

White,  David,  a  Representative  from  Ken- 
tucky ;  born  in  1785 ;  completed  preparatory 
studies;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar, 
and  practiced  in  New  Castle,  Ky. ;  elected  to 
the  Eighteenth  Congress  (Mai'ch  4,  1823-March 
3.  1825)  ;  died  in  Franklin  county,  Ky.,  October 
19,  1834. 


White,  Edward  Douglas,  a  Representative 
from  Louisiana ;  born  in  Nashville,  Tenn.,  in 
March,  1795;  moved  with  his  father  to  Atta- 
kapas  Parish,  La.,  in  1799;  attended  the  public 
schools  and  was  graduated  from  the  university 
of  Tennessee;  studied  law,  admitted  to  the  bar, 
and  commenced  practice  in  Donaldsonville,  La. ; 
appointed  judge  of  the  city  court  of  New  Or- 
leans and  moved  there  in  1825 ;  elected  as  a 
Whig  to  the  Twenty-first,  Twenty-second,  and 
Twenty-third  Congresses  and  served  from 
March  4,  1829,  to  November  15,  1834,  when  he 
resigned ;  governor  of  Louisiana  1834-1838 ; 
moved  to  Thibodeauxville ;  reelected  to  the 
Twenty-sixth  and  Twenty-seventh  Congresses 
(March  4,  1839-March  3,  1843)  ;  died  in  New 
Orleans,  La.,  April  18,  1847. 

White,  Edward  Douglass,  a  Senator  from 
Louisiana ;  born  in  the  Parish  of  Lafourche, 
La.,  November  3,  1845;  attended  Mount  St. 
Marys,  near  Emmitsburg,  Md.,  the  Jesuit  col- 
lege in  New  Orleans,  and  was  graduated  from 
Georgetown  college,  District  of  Columbia; 
served  in  the  Confederate  army ;  licensed  to 
practice  law  by  the  supreme  court  of  Louisiana 
in  December,  1868;  state  senator  1874-1878; 
associate  justice  of  the  supreme  court  of  Lou- 
isiana 1878-1891 ;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the 
United  States  Senate  and  served  from  March  4, 
1891,  to  March  12,  1894,  when  he  resigned ;  ap- 
pointed associate  justice  of  the  Supreme  Court 
of  the  United  States  February  19,  1894,  and 
took  his  seat  March  12,  1894;  appointed  Chief 
Justice  of  the  United  States  December  12,  1910, 
and  took  the  oath  of  office  December  19,  1910. 

White,  Francis,  a  Representative  from  Vir- 
ginia ;  a  native  of  Virginia ;  elected  to  the  Thir- 
teenth Congress  (March  4,  1813-March  3,  1815). 

White,  Frederick  Edward,  a  Representative 
from  Iowa ;  born  in  Prussia,  Germany,  January 
19,  1844 ;  came  to  America  with  his  mother  in 
1857  and  settled  on  a  farm  in  Keokuk  county, 
Iowa  ;  enlisted  in  the  eighth  Iowa  infantry  in  1861 
and  was  rejected  on  account  of  age;  reenlisted 
in  February,  1862,  in  the  thirteenth  Iowa  infan- 
try, and  was  mustered  out  in  August,  1865;  re- 
turned home  and  engaged  in  farming  and  stock- 
raising;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Fifty- 
second  Congress  (March  4,  1891-March  3,  1893)  ; 
a  retired  farmer  residing  in  South  English,  Iowa. 

White,  George  Elon,  a  Representative  from 
Illinois ;  born  in  Milbury,  Mass.,  March  7,  1848 ; 
was  graduated  from  college;  enlisted  as  a  pri- 
vate in  the  fifty-seventh  Massachusetts  veteran 
volunteers,  in  which  he  served  under  General 
Grant,  in  the  Army  of  the  Potomac,  from  the 
battle  of  the  Wilderness  until  the  surrender  of 
General  Lee;  after  the  close  of  the  war  en- 
tered a  commercial  college  in  Worcester,  Mass. ; 
moved  to  Chicago,  111.,  in  1867  and  engaged  in 
the  lumber  business;  director  in  state  and  na- 
tional banks;  served  as  alderman  of  Chicago 
and  as  state  senator;  elected  as  a  Republican 
to  the  Fifty-fourth  and  Fifty-fifth  Congresses 
(March  4,  1895-March  3,  1899). 

White,  George  Henry,  a  Representative  from 
North  Carolina ;  born  in  Rosindale,  Bladen 
county,  N.  C.,  December  18,  1852 ;  attended  pub- 
lic schools  and  the  Whitten  normal  school  in 
Lumberton,  N.  C. ;  was  graduated  from  the  eclec- 
tic department  of  Howard  university,  Washing- 


1104 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTOEY. 


ton,  D.  C.,  in  1877 ;  read  law  and  was  licensed  to 
practice  in  all  the  courts  of  North  Carolina  in 
1879 ;  principal  of  a  state  normal  school ;  elected 
to  the  state  house  of  representatives  in  1880  and 
to  the  state  senate  in  1884;  solicitor  and  prose- 
cuting attorney  for  the  second  judicial  district 
of  North  Carolina  18S6-1S94 ;  elected  as  a  Re- 
publican to  the  Fifty-fifth  and  Fifty-sixth  Con- 
gresses (March  4,  1897-March  3,  1901)  ;  engaged 
in  the  practice  of  law  in  Philadelphia,  Pa. 

White,  Harry,  a  Representative  from  Penn- 
sylvania;  born  in  Indiana  county,  Pa.,  January 
12,  1834 ;  received  a  collegiate  training  and  was 
graduated  in  1854 ;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to 
the  bar  in  June,  1855,  and  commenced  practice 
in  Indiana,  Pa. ;  entered  the  Union  army  as  ma- 
jor of  the  Sixty-seventh  Pennsylvania  infantry 
December  13,  1861;  brevet  brigadier  general  of 
volunteers,  March  2,  1865;  mustered  out  Febru- 
ary 22,  1865 ;  elected  a  state  senator  during  his 
military  service  and  attended  its  sessions  in  the 
winter  of  1862-1863;  reelected  to  the  state  sen- 
ate in  1865  for  three  years;  in  1868  and  1871 
and  served  as  speaker  at  the  close  of  the  last 
term;  delegate  at  large  to  the  constitutional 
convention  of  1872;  elected  as  a  Republican 
to  the  Forty-fifth  and  Forty-sixth  Congresses 
(March  4,  1877-March  3,  1881). 

White,  Hugh,  a  Representative  from  New 
York ;  born  in  New  York  city  in  1799 ;  attended 
the  public  schools;  engaged  in  agricultural  pur- 
suits ;  founded  Whitestone,  Oneida  county,  N.  Y. ; 
elected  to  the  Twenty-ninth,  Thirtieth,  and 
Thirty-first  Congresses  (March  4,  1845-March  3, 
1851)  ;  died  near  Troy,  N.  Y.,  October  6,  1870. 

White,  Hugh  Lawson,  a  Senator  from  Ten- 
nessee; born  in  Iredell  county,  N.  C.,  October  30, 
1773;  moved  to  Knox  county,  Tenn.,  in  1785; 
participated  in  the  expedition  against  the 
Cherokees  under  General  Sevier;  pursued 
classical  studies  in  Philadelphia,  Pa.,  and 
studied  law  in  Lancaster,  Pa. ;  in  1796  'be- 
gan practice  in  Knoxville,  Tenn. ;  private  secre- 
tary to  Governor  Blount;  judge  of  the  state  su- 
preme court,  1801-1807;  state  senator,  1807- 
1809,  1817-1819;  appointed  United  States  dis- 
trict attorney  in  1808 ;  elected  judge  of  the  su- 
preme court  in  1809-1815 ;  chosen  president  of 
the  state  bank  in  1815;  state  senator,  1820- 
1825;  elected  to  the  United  States  Senate,  to 
fill  vacancy  caused  by  the  resignation  of  Andrew 
Jackson ;  reelected  and  served  from  October  28, 
1825,  to  January  13,  1840,  when  he  resigned; 
chosen  President  pro  tempore  of  the  Senate  De- 
cember 3,  1832;  received  the  electoral  votes  of 
Tennessee  and  Georgia  in  1836  for  President  of 
the  United  States;  died  in  Knoxville,  Tenn., 
April  10,  1840. 

White,  James,  a  Delegate  from  the  Territory 
South  of  the  Ohio  River ;  born  in  Philadelphia, 
Pa.,  June  16,  1749;  attended  a  Jesuit  college  in 
St.  Omer,  France;  returned  and  studied  medi- 
cine in  the  University  of  Pennsylvania ;  joined 
the  Continental  army  at  the  outbreak  of  the 
Revolution  and  received  pay  from  North  Caro- 
lina in  a  land  warrant  on  a  tract  on  the  Holston 
River;  located  it  in  1787  as  a  part  of  the  pro- 
posed state  of  "  Franklin  " ;  erected  a  fort,  built 
a  grist  mill,  made  a  treaty  with  the  Cherokees, 
and  platted  the  embryo  city  of  Knoxville;  mem- 
ber of  the  territorial  assembly;  elected  a  Dele- 


gate from  the  Territory  South  of  the  Ohio  River 
to  the  Third  Congress  (March  4,  1793-March  3, 
1795)  ;  took  his  seat  November  18,  1794;  state 
senator  of  Tennessee  and  speaker  of  the  body  in 
1796 ;  resigned  in  December,  1797,  to  make  a 
place  for  William  Blouut,  who,  for  alleged  trea- 
son, had  been  expelled  from  the  United  States 
Senate ;  commissioned  brigadier  general  of  Ten- 
nessee; went  to  Louisiana  in  1799,  and  was  ele- 
vated to  the  bench  as  a  judge  of  western  Louisi- 
ana ;  died  in  Attakapas,  La.,  in  October,  1809. 

White,  James  Bain,  a  Representative  from 
Indiana ;  born  in  Stirlingshire,  Scotland,  in 
June,  1835 ;  attended  common  schools ;  emigrated 
to  the  United  States  in  1854  and  located  in  Fort 
Wayne,  Ind. ;  a  calico  printer  and  tailor  until 
the  breaking  out  of  the  civil  .war;  enlisted  as 
a  private  in  company  I,  thirtieth  Indiana  volun- 
teers; elected  captain  of  the  company  and  served 
until  December,  1862,  when  he  resigned ;  wound- 
ed in  the  battle  of  Shiloh  April  7,  1862 ;  elected 
a  member  of  the  common  council  of  Fort  Wayne 
in  1874 ;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Fiftieth 
Congress  (March  4,  1887-March  3,  1889);  died, 
in  Fort  Wayne,  Ind.,  October  9,  1897. 

White,  James  Bamford,  a  Representative 
from  Kentucky ;  born  in  Clark  county,  Ky.,  June 
6,  1842;  attended  the  common  schools  and  Mount 
Zion  academy,  Macon  county,  111: ;  entered  the 
Confederate  army  in  the  fall  of  1863  and  served 
in  the  commands  of  Generals  Breckenridge  and 
Morgan  until  the  close  of  the  war ;  taught  school 
and  studied  law ;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in 
1867  and  engaged  in  practice  in  Irvine,  Ky. ;  held 
the  office  of  county  attorney ;  elected  as  a  Demo- 
crat to  the  Fifty-seventh  Congress  (March  4, 
1901-March  3,  1903)  ;  resumed  the  practice  of 
law  in  Irvine,  Ky. 

White,  John,  a  Representative  from  Ken- 
tucky; born  in  Kentucky  in  1805;  received  a 
limited  schooling;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to 
the  bar,  and  began  practice  in  Richmond,  Ky. ; 
elected  as  a  Whig  to  the  Twenty-fourth,  and  to 
the  four  succeeding  Congresses  (March  4,  1835- 
March  3,  1845)  ;  Speaker  of  the  House  during 
the  Twenty-seventh  Congress;  appointed  judge 
of  the  nineteenth  judicial  district  of  Kentucky 
and  served  until  his  death,  by  his  own  hand,  in 
Richmond,  Ky.,  September  22,  1845. 

White,  John  D.,  a  Representative  from  Ken- 
tucky ;  born  in  Clay  county,  Ky.,  January  16, 
1849 ;  attended  a  private  school  until  1865  and 
Eminence  college  and  the  Kentucky  university 
until  1870 ;  was  graduated  from  the  law  depart- 
ment of  Michigan  university  in  1872;  also  at- 
tended the  medical  department  of  the  same  in- 
stitution; declined  a  nomination  for  clerk  of  the 
court  of  appeals  of  Kentucky  in  1874 ;  elected  as 
a  Republican  to  the  Forty-fourth  Congress 
(March  4,  1875-March  3,  1877)  ;  declined  a  re- 
nomination  ;  chairman  of  the  Kentucky  Repub- 
lican state  convention  in  Louisville  1879 ;  mem- 
ber of  the  state  legislature  1879-1880;  resigned 
in  1880;  indorsed  and  reelected  without  opposi- 
tion during  the  sitting  of  the  legislature;  chair- 
man of  the  Kentucky  delegation  in  the  Repub- 
lican national  convention  in  Chicago  in  1880;  de- 
feated as  the  Republican  candidate  for  Congress 
in  1880  and  for  the  United  States  Senate  in  1881 ; 
elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Forty-seventh  and 
Fortv-eighth  Congresses  (March  4,  1881-March 
3,  1885). 


BIOGRAPHIES. 


1105 


White,  Joseph  L.,  a  Representative  from 
Indiana ;  native  of  Cherry  Valley,  N.  Y. ;  com- 
pleted preparatory  studies ;  studied  law,  was 
admitted  to  the  bar,  and  began  practice  in 
Madison,  Ind. ;  elected  to  the  Twenty-seventh 
Congress  (March  4,  1841-March  3,  1843)  ; 
moved  to  New  York  and  practiced  law ;  became 
a  manufacturer ;  died  January  12,  1861. 

White,  Joseph  M.,  a  Delegate  from  Florida 
Territory;  born  in  Franklin  county,  Ky.,  May 
10,  1781 ;  completed  preparatory  studies ;  studied 
law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  began  prac- 
tice in  Pensacola,  Fla. ;  elected  as  a  Democrat 
to  the  Nineteenth,  and  to  the  five  succeeding 
Congresses  ( March  4,  1825-March  3,  1837 )  ;'  de- 
feated for  the  Twenty-fifth  Congress;  died  in 
St.  Louis,  Mo.,  October  19,  1839. 

White,  Joseph  Worthington,  a  Representa- 
tive from  Ohio ;  born  in  Cambridge,  Ohio,  Oc- 
tober 2,  1822;  pursued  classical  studies;  studied 
law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  in  1844 
began  practice  in  Cambridge;  elected  as  a 
Democrat  to  the  Thirty -eighth  Congress  (March 
4,  1863-March  3,  1865)  ;  defeated  for  reelection; 
died  in  Cambridge,  Ohio,  August  4,  1892. 

White,  Leonard,  a  Representative  from 
Massachusetts ;  born  in  Haverhill,  Mass.,  May 

3,  1767 ;   was  graduated  from  Harvard  college 
in  1787 ;  served  in  the  state  house  of  representa- 
tives  for   several   years;    held   numerous   local 
offices;  elected  to  the  Twelfth  Congress  (March 

4,  1811-March  3,  1813)  ;  cashier  of  the  Merri- 
mack  bank  twenty-five  years;  died  in  Haverhill, 
Mass.,  October  10,  1849. 

White,  Michael  Doherty,  a  Representative 
from  Indiana ;  born  in  Clark  county,  Ohio,  Sep- 
tember 8,  1827;  moved  to  Indiana  in  1829  and 
located  in  Tippecanoe  county ;  pursued  classical 
studies;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar, 
and  practiced  in  Crawfordsville,  Ind. ;  served  as 
county  prosecuting  attorney ;  four  years  a  state 
senator ;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Forty- 
fifth  Congress  (March  4,  1877-March  3,  1879)  ; 
resumed  the  practice  of  law  in  Crawfordsville, 
Ind. 

White,  Milo,  a  Representative  from  Minne- 
sota ;  born  in  Fletcher.  Franklin  county,  Vt., 
August  17,  1830;  attended  the  common  schools; 
moved  to  Chatfield.  Minn.,  and  became  a  mer- 
chant; elected  member  of  the  state  senate  1872- 
1876  and  1881-1882;  elected  as  a  Republican 
to  the  Forty-eighth  and  Forty -ninth  Congresses 
(March  4,  1883-March  3,  1887)  ;  defeated  for 
Congress  in  1898. 

White,  Phillips,  a  Delegate  from  New 
Hampshire;  born  in  Haverhill,  Mass.,  October 
28,  1729 ;  Delegate  in  the  Continental  Congress 
1782-1783;  died  in  South  Hampton,  N.  H.,  Au- 
gust 11,  1811. 

White,  Phineas,  a  Representative  from  Ver- 
mont; born  in  Hampshire  county,  Mass.,  in 
1770;  was  graduated  from  Dartmouth  college 
in  1797 ;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar, 
and  began  practice  in  Pomfret,  Vt. ;  register  of 
probate  for  Windsor  county  1800-1809;  county 
attorney  in  1813 ;  served  in  both  branches  of 
the  legislature  for  eight  years ;  elected  to  the 
Seventeenth  Congress  (March  4.  1821-March  3, 
1823)  ;  died  in  Putney.  Vt..  in  1847. 

50346°— S.  Doc.  6r>4.  61-2 70 


White,  Samuel,  a  Senator  from  Delaware; 
born  in  Wilmington,  Del.,  in  1770;  completed 
preparatory  studies;  held  several  local  offices; 
appointed  and  subsequently  elected  as  a  Fed- 
eralist to  the  United  States  Senate,  and  served 
from  February  28,  1801,  until  his  death  in  Wil- 
mington, Del.,  November  4,  1809. 

White,  Stephen  Mallory,  a  Senator  from 
California  ;  born  in  San  Francisco,  Cal.,  Janu- 
ary 19,  1853 ;  moved  with  parents  to  Santa 
Cruz  county,  Cal. ;  attended  private  and  com- 
mon schools,  and  St.  Ignatius  college  in  San 
Francisco,  and  was  graduated  from  Santa 
Clara  college,  Santa  Clara  county,  Cal.,  in  1871; 
studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar  April  14, 
1874,  and  located  in  practice  in  Los  Angeles, 
Cal. ;  district  attorney  of  Los  Angeles  county  in 
1882;  state  senator  1886-1890;  president  pro 
tempore  both  sessions,  and  in  1888  became,  by 
virtue  of  his  office,  lieutenant  governor ;  mem- 
ber board  of  regents  of  the  university  of  Cali- 
fornia ;  delegate  in  the  Democratic  national 
conventions  of  1888  and  1892;  unsuccessful 
candidate  for  the  United  States  Senate  in  1890; 
elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  United  States  Sen- 
ate and  served  from  March  4,  1893,  to  March  3, 
1899;  died  in  Los  Angeles,  Cal.,  February  21, 
1901. 

White,  Stephen  Van  Culen,  a  Representative 
from  New  York ;  born  in  Chatham  county,  N.  C., 
August  1,  1831;  moved  with  his  parents  to  Jer- 
sey county.  111.,  in  1831 ;  attended  the  free  school 
founded  by  Dr.  Silas  Hamilton  in  Otterville,  111., 
and  was  graduated  from  Knox  college,  Illinois, 
in  1854 ;  entered  a  mercantile  house  in  St.  Louis, 
Mo.;  studied  law  and  was  admitted  to  practice 
November  4,  1856 ;  moved  to  Des  Moines,  Iowa, 
in  1856,  and  practiced  law  until  January  1, 
1865;  acting  United  States  district  attorney  for 
Iowa  in  1864;  moved  to  New  York  city  in  1865 
and  engaged  in  banking;  member  of  the  stock 
exchange:  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Fif- 
tieth Congress  (March  4,  1887-March  3,  1889)  ; 
a  resident  of  the  borough  of  Brooklyn,  New  York 
City. 

White,  William  J.,  a  Representative  from 
Ohio;  born  in  Canada,  October  7.  1850;  came  to 
Cleveland,  Ohio,  in  1857 ;  attended  the  district 
schools;  entered  business  as  a  wholesale  dealer, 
manufacturer,  and  vessel  owner ;  later  interested 
in  banking,  farming,  stock  raising,  and  various 
business  enterprises;  elected  mayor  of  West 
Cleveland  as  a  Republican  in  1889;  elected  as  a 
Republican  to  the  Fifty-third  Congress  (March 
4,  1893-March  3,  1895). 

Whiteaker,  John,  a  Representative  from  Ore- 
gon ;  born  in  Dearborn  county,  Ind.,  May  4, 
1820;  was  self-educated  and  early  engaged  in 
farming  and  stock  raising;  went  to  the  Pacific 
coast  in  1849  and  settled  in  Oregon  in  1852; 
elected  judge  of  probate  for  Lane  county  in 
1855;  member  of  the  territorial  legislature  in 
1857.  and  in  1858  elected  governor  of  the  new 
state  of  Oregon,  which  office  he  held  until  1862 ; 
elected  to  the  state  house  of  represt  tatives  in 
1866  and  1868,  served  as  speaker,  and  again  re- 
elected  in  1870;  member  of  the  state  board  of 
equalization  in  1872,  and  chairman;  member  of 
the  commission  to  examine,  report  upon,  and 
receive  the  locks  and  canal  at  the  falls  of  the 
Willamette  river;  elected  a  state  senator  in 
1876  for  four  years  and  served  as  president  of 


1106 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 


the  sessions  of  1876  and  1878;  elected  as  a 
Democrat  to  the  Forty-sixth  Congress  (March 
4,  1879-March  3,  1881)  ;  collector  of  the  port  of 
Portland,  Oreg. ;  died  in  Eugene,  Oreg.,  October 

2,  1902. 

Whitehead,  Thomas,  a  Representative  from 
Virginia  ;  born  in  Clifton,  Va.,  December  27, 1825 ; 
received  a  limited  schooling;  became  a  mer- 
chant ;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar, 
and  began  practice  in  Amherst,  Va. ;  engaged  in 
farming;  elected  prosecuting  attorney  for  Am- 
herst county  in  1866  and  1869,  resigning  in  No- 
vember, 1873;  elected  state  senator  in  1865,  but 
did  not  qualify ;  served  in  the  Confederate  army 
1861-1865;  elected  as  a  Conservative,  indorsed 
by  Republicans,  to  the  Forty-third  Congress 
March  4,  1873-March  3,  1875)  ;  died  in  Lynch- 
burg,  Va.,  in  1902. 

Whitehill,  James,  a  Representative  from 
Pennsylvania ;  born  in  Strasburg,  Lancaster 
county,  Pa.,  February  1,  1762 ;  studied  law,  was 
admitted  to  the  bar,  and  began  practice  in  Stras- 
burg; elected  associate  judge  of  the  Lancaster 
county  court  and  served  1811-1813,  and  again 
1820-1822;  served  in  the  War  of  1812;  became 
major  general  of  Pennsylvania  militia ;  elected 
to  the  Thirteenth  Congress  and  served  from 
March  4,  1813,  to  September  1,  1814,  when  he  re- 
signed ;  died  in  Strasburg,  Pa.,  February  26, 
1822;  interment  in  Presbyterian  churchyard, 
Leacock,  Pa. 

Whitehill,  John,  a  Representative  from  Penn- 
sylvania ;  born  in  Salisbury  township,  Lancaster 
county,  Pa.,  December  11,  1729 ;  completed  pre- 
paratory studies;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to 
the  bar,  and  practiced  in  Lancaster  county; 
justice  of  the  peace;  member  of  the  council  of 
censors  October  20,  1783;  delegate  in  the  su- 
preme executive  council ;  member  of  state  con- 
vention for  adoption  of  the  Federal  constitu- 
tion ;  elected  to  the  Eighth  and  Ninth  Con- 
gresses (March  4,  1803-March  3,  1807)  ;  died  in 
Lancaster  county,  Pa.,  September  16,  1815. 

Whitehill,  Robert,  a  Representative  from 
Pennsylvania  ;  born  in  Pequea,  Lancaster  county, 
Pa.,  July  29,  1738 ;  attended  common  schools ; 
purchased  a  large  tract  of  land  in  Cumberland 
county,  located  upon  it,  and  erected  the  first 
stone  house  in  the  county ;  member  of  Phila- 
delphia convention  of  July,  1776,  that  approved 
the  Declaration  of  Independence,  and  of  the 
state  convention  of  1790;  served  in  both 
branches  of  the  state  legislature  and  was 
speaker  of  the  senate  during  the  impeachment 
trials  of  the  supreme  court  judges  of  Pennsyl- 
vania ;  elected  to  the  Ninth,  Tenth,  Eleventh, 
and  Twelfth  Congresses  (March  4,  1805-March 

3,  1813)  ;  died  in  Lauther  Manor,  Cumberland 
county,  Pa.,  April  8,  1813. 

Whitehouse,  John  O.,  a  Representative  from 
New  York;  born  in  Rochester,  N.  H.,  July  19, 
1817 ;  received  a  limited  schooling ;  moved  to 
Brooklyn,  N.  Y.,  and  became  a  merchant  and 
manufacturer ;  elected  as  a  Liberal  to  the  Forty- 
third  and  Forty-fourth  Congresses  (March  4, 
1875-March  3,  1877). 

Whitelaw,  Robert  Henry,  a  Representative 
from  Missouri ;  born  in  Essex  county,  Va.,  Janu- 
ary 30,  1854 ;  attended  the  public  schools  of 
Staunton,  Va.,  and  the  law  department  of  the 


University  of  Michigan ;  was  admitted  to  the 
bar;  located  in  practice  in  Cape  Girardeau,  Mo., 
in  1859;  prosecuting  attorney  of  Cape  Girar- 
deau county  two  terms ;  member  of  the  state 
general  assembly  two  terms;  elected  as  a  Demo- 
crat to  the  Fifty-first  Congress,  to  fill  vacancy 
caused  by  the  death  of  James  Peter  Walker  and 
served  from  December  1,  1890,  to  March  3,  1891; 
resumed  the  practice  of  law  in  Cape  Girardeau, 
Mo.,  and  city  attorney  for  several  years. 

Whiteley,  Richard  Henry,  a  Representative 
from  Georgia ;  born  in  Ireland  December  22, 
1830;  brought  with  parents  to  Georgia  in  1836; 
received  private  instruction  in  elementary 
branches ;  engaged  in  manufacturing ;  studied 
law  and  in  I860  was  admitted  to  the  bar ;  op- 
posed secession,  but  after  the  adoption  of  the 
ordinance  entered  the  Confederate  army  and 
served  until  1865;  attained  the  rank  of  major; 
member  of  the  state  constitutional  convention 
of  1867 ;  claimed  an  election  to  the  Forty-first 
Congress,  but  the  House  refused  him  his  seat; 
credentials  as  a  Senator-elect  to  the  United 
States  Senate  were  presented  July  15,  1870,  in 
the  Forty-first  Congress,  but,  as  election  took 
place  prior  to  the  readmission  of  Georgia  into 
the  Union,  was  not  admitted  to  his  seat;  elected 
to  the  Forty-first  Congress;  qualified  under  the 
act  of  July  11,  1868,  and  took  his  seat  February 
9,  1871 ;  reelected  to  the  Forty-second  and 
Forty-third  Congresses  and  served  from  Febru- 
ary 9,  1871,  to  March  3,  1875;  defeated  for  the 
Forty-fourth  and  Forty-fifth  Congresses;  died  in 
Boulder,  Colo.,  September  26,  1890. 

Whiteley,  William  Gustavus,  a  Representa- 
tive from  Delaware;  born  in  Newark,  Del., 
August  7,  1819 ;  was  graduated  from  Princeton 
college  in  1838 ;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to 
the  bar  in  1841,  and  began  practice  in  New 
Castle ;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Thirty- 
fifth  and  Thirty-sixth  Congresses  (March  4, 
1857-March  3,  1861)  ;  mayor  of  Wilmington, 
Del.,  in  1873;  appointed  associate  judge  of  the 
superior  court  of  Delaware  March  31.  1884,  and 
served  until  his  death  in  Wilmington,  Del., 
April  23,  1886;  interment  in  Bridgeton,  N.  J. 

Whiteside,  Jenkins,  a  Senator  from  Tennes- 
see ;  born  in  Lancaster,  Pa.,  in  1782 ;  pursued 
preparatory  studies;  studied  law  and  was  ad- 
mitted to  the  bar;  moved  to  Tennessee  and 
practiced  in  Nashville  many  years ;  was  elected 
to  the  United  States  Senate  to  fill  vacancy 
caused  by  the  resignation  of  Daniel  Smith,  and 
served  from  April  11,  1809,  to  October  8,  1811, 
when  he  resigned;  died  in  Nashville,  Tenn., 
September  25,  1822. 

Whiteside,  John,  a  Representative  from 
Pennsylvania ;  elected  to  the  Fourteenth  and 
Fifteenth  Congresses  (March  4,  1815-March  3, 
1819). 

Whitefield,  John  W.,  a  Delegate  from  the 
Territory  of  Kansas;  born  in  Tennessee;  moved 
to  Tecumseh,  Kans. ;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to 
the  Thirty-third  and  Thirty-fourth  Congresses 
and  served  from  March  4,  1853,  until  August  1, 
1856,  when  he  was  succeeded  by  Andrew  H. 
Reeder,  who  contested  his  election  to  the  Thirty- 
fourth  Congress. 

Whiting,  Justin  Rice,  a  Representative  from 
Michigan ;  born  in  Bath,  Steuben  county,  N.  Y., 
February  18,  1847 ;  moved  with  parents  to  St. 


BIOGRAPHIES. 


1107 


Clair,  Mich.,  in  1849;  attended  public  schools 
and  Michigan  university  1863-1865;  became  a 
merchant  and  manufacturer ;  mayor  of  St.  Clair 
in  1879;  state  senator  in  1882;  elected  by  the 
combined  votes  of  Democrats  and  Greenbackers 
to  the  Fiftieth  Congress;  reelected  to  the  Fifty- 
first,  Fifty-second,  and  Fifty-third  Congresses 
(March  4,  1887-March  3,  1895)  ;  Democratic 
candidate  for  governor  in  1898  and  defeated; 
Democratic  candidate  for  Congress  in  1900  and 
defeated;  chairman  of  the  Democratic  state 
central  committee;  died  in  St.  Clair,  Mich., 
January  31,  1903. 

Whiting,  Richard  Henry,  a  Representative 
from  Illinois;  born  in  West  Hartford,  Conn., 
January  7,  1826 ;  attended  the  common  schools ; 
served  in  the  Union  army  1862-1866;  assessor 
of  internal  revenue  for  the  fifth  district  of 
Illinois  1870-1873;  collector  of  internal  revenue 
for  the  same  district  1873-1875;  elected  to  the 
Forty-fourth  Congress  {March  4,  1875-March 
3,  1877)  ;  died  in  New  York  city  May  24,  1888; 
interment  in  Peoria,  111. 

Whiting,  William,  a  Representative  from 
Massachusetts ;  born  in  Concord,  Mass.,  March 
3,  1813 ;  was  graduated  from  Harvard  college 
in  1833 ;  taught  school  in  Plymouth  and  Con- 
cord, Mass. ;  was  graduated  from  the  Harvard 
law  school  in  3838;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to 
the  bar,  and  began  practice  in  Boston ;  solicitor 
of  the  War  Department  1862-1865;  presidential 
elector  in  1868 ;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the 
Forty-third  Congress,  but  died  before  the  as- 
sembling of  the  Congress,  in  Boston,  Mass., 
June  29,  1873. 

Whiting,  William,  a  Representative  from 
Massachusetts ;  born  in  Dudley,  Mass.,  May  24, 
1841 ;  attended  grammar  and  high  school ;  en- 
gaged in  the  manufacture  of  paper  in  Holyoke, 
Mass. ;  elected  to  the  state  senate  in  1873 ; 
treasurer  of  Holyoke  1876-1877;  delegate  to 
the  national  Republican  convention  of  1876 ; 
mayor  of  Holyoke  1878-1879;  elected  as  a  Re- 
publican to  the  Forty -eighth,  Forty-ninth,  and 
Fiftieth  Congresses  (March  4,  1883-March  3, 
1889)  ;  commissioner  to  the  Paris  exposition  in 
1900;  died  in  Holyoke,  Mass.,  January  9,  1911. 

Whitman,  Ezekiel,  a  Representative  from 
Massachusetts  and  Maine;  born  in  East  Bridge- 
water,  Mass.,  March  9,  1776;  was  graduated 
from  Brown  university  in  1795;  studied  law, 
was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  practiced  in  New 
Gloucester,  Me.,  1799-1807,  and  in  Portland, 
Me.,  1807-1852;  elected  as  a  Federalist  to  the 
Eleventh  Congress  (March  4,  1809-March  3, 
1811)  ;  member  of  the  executive  council  in  1815- 
1816;  delegate  to  the  convention  that  framed 
the  state  constitution  of  Maine;  elected  to  the 
Fifteenth,  Sixteenth,  and  Seventeenth  Con- 
gresses, and  served  from  March  4,  1817,  to  June 
1,  1822,  when  he  resigned ;  defeated  for  the 
Twenty-sixth  Congress ;  judge  of  the  court  of 
common  pleas  of  Maine,  1822-1841 ;  chief  justice 
state  supreme  court,  1841-1848;  died  in  East 
Bridgewater,  Mass.,  August  1,  1866. 

Whitman,  Lemuel,  a  Representative  from 
Connecticut;  born  in  Connecticut  June  8,  1780; 
was  graduated  from  Yale  college  in  1800; 
elected  to  the  Eighteenth  Congress  (March  4, 
1823-March  3,  1825)  ;  died  in  Farmington,  Conn., 
November  11,  1841. 


Whitmore,  George  W.,  a  Representative  from 
Texas;  born  in  McMinn  county,  Tenn.,  August 
26,  1824 ;  attended  the  public  schools ;  moved  to 
Texas  in  1848;  studied  law  and  was  admitted 
to  the  bar;  state  representative,  1852,  1853,  and 
1858;  district  attorney  for  the  ninth  judicial 
district  in  1866 ;  appointed  register  in  bank- 
ruptcy in  1867 ;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the 
Forty-first  Congress  (March  4,  1869-March  3, 
1871). 

Whitney,  Thomas  Richard,  a  Representative 
from  New  York ;  born  in  New  York  city,  May  2, 
1807 ;  pursued  classical  studies  and  engaged  in 
newspaper  work ;  state  senator,  1854—1855 ; 
elected  as  an  American  to  the  Thirty-fourth 
Congress  (March  4,  1855-March  3,  1857)  ;  died 
in  New  York  city,  April  12,  1858. 

Whittemore,  Benjamin  Franklin,  a  Repre- 
sentative from  South  Carolina ;  born  in  Maiden, 
Mass.,  in  1824 ;  completed  preparatory  studies ; 
studied  theology  and  became  a  minister  in  the 
Methodist  Episcopal  church ;  chaplain  in  the 
Union  army;  after  the  war  located  in  South 
Carolina ;  delegate  to  the  state  constitutional 
convention  of  1867;  founded  the  New  Era  in 
Darlington ;  state  senator ;  elected  to  the  For- 
tieth and  Forty-first  Congresses,  and  served 
from  March  4,  1867,  to  February  24,  1870,  when 
he  resigned,  pending  the  investigation  of  his  con- 
duct in  connection  with  certain  appointments 
to  the  United  States  military  and  naval  acad- 
emies ;  presented  credentials  of  a  second  elec- 
tion to  the  same  Congress  on  June  18,  1870,  but 
the  House  declined  to  allow  him  to  be  sworn. 

Whittemore,  Elias,  a  Representative  from 
New  York ;  born  in  Pembroke,  N.  H.,  March  2, 
1772;  completed  preparatory  studies;  moved  to 
New  York  and  elected  to  the  Nineteenth  Con- 
gress (March  4,  1825-March  3,  1827)  ;  died  in 
Windsor,  N.  Y.,  December  26.  1853. 

Whitthorne,  Washington  Curran,  a  Repre- 
sentative and  a  Senator  from  Tennessee;  born 
in  Marshall  county,  Tenn.,  April  19,  1825;  at- 
tended an  academy  in  Williamson  county,  and 
Campbell  academy,  Lebanon,  Tenn.,  and  the 
University  of  Nashville  for  a  time ;  was  gradu- 
ated from  East  Tennessee  university,  Knoxville, 
Tenn.,  in  1843;  studied  law,  and  was  admitted 
to  the  bar  in  1845 ;  served  as  auditor's  clerk  and 
in  the  Government  service  until  1848,  when  he 
began  practice  in  Columbia,  Tenn. ;  member  of 
the  state  senate  1855-1858 ;  member  of  the  lower 
house  of  the  general  assembly,  and  presiding 
officer  in  1859;  Breckinridge  elector  in  1860; 
assistant  adjutant-general  in  the  provisional 
army  of  Tennessee  in  1861;  adjutant-general  of 
the  state  1861-1865;  his  disabilities  were  re- 
moved by  act  of  Congress  approved  July,  1870; 
elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Forty-second,  and 
to  the  five  succeeding  Congresses  (March  4, 
1871-March  3,  1883)  ;  appointed,  and  subse- 
quently elected,  to  the  United  States  Senate,  as 
a  Democrat,  to  fill  the  vacancy  caused  by  the 
resignation  of  Howell  E.  Jackson,  and  served 
from  April  16,  1886,  to  March  3,  1887;  elected 
to  the  Fiftieth  and  Fifty-first  Congresses 
(March  4,  1887-March  3,  1891)  ;  died  in  Colum- 
bia, Tenn.,  September  21,  1891. 

Whittlesey,  Elisha,  a  Representative  from 
Ohio;  born  in  Washington,  Conn.,  October  19, 
1783;  completed  preparatory  studies;  studied 


1108 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTOKY. 


law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  in  1806  began 
practice  in  Canfield,  Ohio ;  prosecuting  attorney 
of  Mahoning  county  for  sixteen  years;  served 
as  an  aid-de-camp  in  the  war  of  1812-1815; 
state  representative  1820-1821;  elected  to  the 
Eighteenth,  and  to  the  seven  succeeding  Con- 
gresses, and  served  from  March  4,  1823,  to  July 
9,  1838,  when  he  resigned ;  auditor  for  the  Post 
Office  Department,  1841-1849;  appointed  by 
President  Taylor  first  comptroller  of  the  Treas- 
ury and  served  1849-1857;  removed  by  Presi- 
dent Buchanan,  but  was  reappointed  by  Presi- 
dent Lincoln  in  1861,  and  served  until  his  death, 
in  Washington,  D.  C.,  January  7,  1863. 

Whittlesey,  Frederick,  a  Representative 
from  New  York;  born  in  Washington,  Conn., 
June  12,  1799 ;  was  graduated  from  Yale  in 
1818;  studied  law,  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar 
in  Utica,  N.  Y.,  in  1821,  and  began  practice  in 
Rochester,  N.  Y.,  in  1822 ;  elected  to  the  Twenty- 
second  and  Twenty-third  Congresses  (March  4, 
1831-March  3,  1835)  ;  vice-chancellor  of  the 
eighth  judicial  district  of  New  York  1839-1847 ; 
appointed  a  justice  of  the  state  supreme  court 
June  30,  1847;  died  in  Rochester,  N.  Y.,  Sep- 
tember 19,  1851. 

Whittlesey,  Thomas  Tucker,  a  Representa- 
tive from  Connecticut ;  born  in  Danbury,  Conn., 
December  8,  1798;  was  graduated  from  Yale 
college;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar, 
and  began  practice  in  Danbury,  Conn. ;  elected 
as  a  Van  Buren  Democrat  to  the  Twenty-fourth 
Congress  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  the  death  of 
Zalnion  Wildman ;  reelected  to  the  Twenty-fifth 
Congress,  and  served  from  April  29,  1836,  to 
March  3,  1839;  defeated  for  the  Twenty-sixth 
Congress;  died  in  Pleasant  Branch,  Wis.,  1858. 

Whittlesey,  William  A.,  a  Representative 
from  Ohio ;  native  of  Connecticut ;  was  gradu- 
ated from  Yale  college;  studied  law,  was  ad- 
mitted to  the  bar,  and  began  practice  in  Mari- 
etta, Ohio ;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Thirty- 
first  Congress  (March  4,  1849-March  3,  1851). 

Whyte.  William  Pinkney,  a  Senator  from 
Maryland ;  born  in  Baltimore,  Md.,  August  9, 
1824 ;  was  instructed  by  a  private  tutor  and 
attended  Baltimore  college ;  engaged  in  the 
banking  business  in  Baltimore  1842-1844 ; 
studied  law  in  Baltimore,  and  attended  the 
law  school  of  Harvard  university  1844-1845 ; 
was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1846  and  practiced  in 
Baltimore ;  judge  advocate  of  a  court-martial  at 
the  Naval  academy  in  1848 ;  representative  in 
the  legislature  1847-1848;  comptroller  of  the 
treasury  of  Maryland  1853-1855,  declined  a  re- 
election ;  delegate  in  the  Democratic  national 
convention  of  1868 ;  appointed  to  the  United 
States  Senate,  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  the 
resignation  of  Reverdy  Johnson,  and  served  from 
July  13,  1868,  to  March  3,  1869 ;  in  1871  elected 
governor  for  four  years,  but  resigned  in  1874 ; 
elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  United  States 
Senate,  and  served  from  March  4,  1875,  to 
March  3,  1881;  mayor  of  Baltimore  1881-1882; 
attorney-general  of  Maryland  1887-1891 ;  declined 
appointment  as  a  delegate  to  the  congress  of 
South  American  republics;  chairman  of  a  com- 
mission to  frame  a  new  charter  for  the  city  of 
Baltimore  1897-1898 ;  counsel  for  Maryland  be- 
fore the  arbitration  board  in  the  boundary  dis- 


pute between  Virginia  and  Maryland  in  1874; 
city  solicitor  1900-1903 ;  appointed  and  subse- 
quently elected  to  the  United  States  Senate  to 
fill  vacancy  caused  by  the  death  of  Arthur  Pue 
Gorman,  and  served  from  June  8,  1906,  until  his 
death  in  Baltimore,  Md.,  March  17,  1908. 

Wick,  William  Watson,  a  Representative 
from  Indiana ;  born  in  Canonsburg,  Pa.,  Feb- 
ruary 23,  1796;  completed  preparatory  studies: 
taught  school ;  studied  medicine  and  then  law, 
was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  began  practice  in 
Fayette  county,  Ind.,  in  1820;  secretary  of  the 
state  of  Indiana  in  1825 ;  state  attorney  for  the 
fifth  judicial  circuit  1829-1831;  president-judge 
1823-1835 ;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Twenty- 
sixth  Congress  (March  4,  1839-March  3,  1841)  ; 
reelected  to  the  Twenty-ninth  and  Thirtieth 
Congresses  (March  4, 1845-March  3,  1849)  ;  post- 
master of  Indianapolis  1853-1857;  died  in 
Franklin  county,  Ind.,  May  16,  1868. 

Wickersham,  James,  a  Delegate  from  the 
District  of  Alaska;  born  August  24,  1857;  was 
appointed  United  States  district  judge,  third 
division,  of  Alaska,  June  6,  1900,  and  served 
two  terms;  elected  as  a  Republican  a  Delegate 
to  the  Sixty-first  Congress  (March  4,  1909- 
March  3,  1911).  Reelected  to  ihe  Sixty-second 
Congress. 

Wickes,  Eliphalet  a  Representative  from  New 
York ;  born  in  Suffolk  county,  N.  Y. ;  elected  to 
the  Ninth  Congress  (March  4,  1805-March  3, 
1807). 

Wickham,  Charles  Preston,  a  Representative 
from  Ohio;  born  in  Norwalk,  Huron  county, 
Ohio,  September  15,  1836;  attended  the  public 
schools  and  the  Norwalk  academy ;  studied  law, 
and  was  graduated  from  the  Cincinnati  law 
school ;  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1858  and  prac- 
ticed in  Norwalk,  Ohio;  enlisted  as  a  private  in 
company  D,  fifty-fifth  regiment  Ohio  volunteers 
in  September,  1861,  and  mustered  out  of  the 
service  on  the  llth  of  July,  1865 ;  attained  the 
rank  of  first  lieutenant,  captain,  major,  and  lieu- 
tenant-colonel ;  while  major  was  commissioned 
lieutentant-colonel  by  brevet  "  for  gallant  and 
meritorious  services  in  the  Carolinas;"  re- 
sumed the  practice  of  law  in  Norwalk  in  July, 
1865;  elected  prosecuting  attorney  in  1866  and 
1868 ;  elected  judge  of  the  court  of  common  pleas 
of  the  fourth  judicial  district  in  1880  and  1885 ; 
resigned  in  1886 ;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the 
Fiftieth  and  Fifty-first  Congresses  (March  4, 
1887-March  3,  1891)  ;  resumed  the  practice  of 
law  in  Norwalk,  Ohio. 

Wickliffe,  Charles  A.,  a  Representative  from 
Kentucky ;  born  in  Bardstown,  Ky.,  June  8, 
1788;  completed  preparatory  studies;  studied 
law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1809,  and  began 
practice  in  Bardstown ;  state  representative 
1812-1813  and  1822-1823;  elected  as  a  Clay 
Democrat  to  the  Eighteenth,  and  to  the  four  suc- 
ceeding Congresses  (March  4,  1823-Maivh  3. 
1833)  ;  elected  to  the  state  house  of  representa- 
tives in  1834,  and  speaker;  lieutenant-governor 
of  Kentucky  in  1836 ;  became  governor  upon 
the  death  of  Governor  Clark  in  1839 ;  Postmas- 
ter-General under  President  Tyler  October  13, 
1841,  to  March  6,  18-15 ;  sent  on  a  secret  mission 
by  President  Polk  to  the  Republic  of  Texas  in 
1845;  elected  as  a  Union  Whig  to  the  Thirty- 
seventh  Congress  (March  4,  1861-March  3, 


BIOGRAPHIES. 


1109 


1863)  ;  delegate  to  the  national  Democratic  con- 
vention in  Chicago  in  1864;  died  in  Howard 
county,  Md.,  October  31,  1869. 

Wickliffe,  Robert  C.,  a  Representative  from 
Louisiana ;  born  in  Bardstown,  Ky.,  May  1, 
1874,  while  his  parents  were  on  a  visit  to  rela- 
tives in  that  state;  attended  the  public  schools 
of  St.  Francisville,  La.,  and  was  graduated  from 
Center  College,  Danville,  Ky.,  in  1895,  and  from 
the  law  department  of  Tulane  university,  New 
Orleans,  La.,  in  1897,  and  began  practice  in  St. 
Francisville ;  member  of  the  constitutional  con- 
vention of  1898;  enlisted  as  a  private  in  com- 
pany E,  first  Louisiana  volunteer  infantry,  and 
served  during  the  Spanish-American  war;  was 
mustered  out  of  service  in  October,  1898;  re- 
turned to  West  Feliciana,  and  resumed  the  prac- 
tice of  law;  district  attorney  of  the  twenty- 
fourth  judicial  district  of  Louisiana  1900-1902 ; 
elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Sixty-first  Con- 
gress (March  4,  1909-March  3,  1911).  Reelected 
to  the  Sixty-second-  Congress,  and  killed  while 
crossing  a  railroad  bridge  in  Washington,  D.  C., 
June  11,  1912. 

Widgery,  William,  a  Representative  from 
Massachusetts;  born  in  Philadelphia,  Pa.,  in 
1753;  attended  the  common  schools;  became  a 
sailor ;  served  in  the  Revolutionary  war ;  moved 
to  Portland,  Mass,  (now  Maine)  ;  state  repre- 
sentative 1787,  1791,  1793,  1794,  1795,  and  1797 ; 
resigned  in  1797 ;  member  of  state  constitutional 
convention  of  1788;  member  of  the  executive 
council  in  1806  and  1807 ;  judge  of  the  court  of 
common  pleas  1813-1822 ;  elected  as  a  War  Dem- 
ocrat to  the  Twelfth  Congress  (March  4,  1811- 
March  3,  1813)  ;  defeated  for  reelection;  moved 
to  Boston,  Mass.,  and  died  there  August  7,  1822. 

Wigfall,  Louis  Trezevant,  a  Senator  from 
Texas;  born  in  Edgefield  District,  S.  C.,  April 
21,  1816 ;  pursued  classical  studies ;  attended  the 
college  of  South  Carolina  until  1835,  when  he 
participated  as  a  lieutenant  of  volunteers  in 
the  Seminole  war  in  Florida ;  studied  law,  was 
admitted  to  the  bar,  and  began  practice  in  Mar- 
shall, Tex,;  member  of  the  state  legislature 
1849-1850;  delegate  in  the  state  convention  of 
1857;  state  senator  1857-1858,  and  1859-1860; 
elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  United  States 
Senate  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  the  death  of 
James  P.  Henderson  and  served  from  December 
5,  1859,  to  July  11,  1861,  when  he  was  expelled 
from  the  Senate;  served  in  the  Confederate 
army;  represented  Texas  in  the  Confederate 
congress;  after  the  war  moved  to  London,  Eng- 
land, and  a  short  time  afterwards  (in  1873)  re- 
turned to  Baltimore,  Md. ;  died  in  Galveston, 
Tex.,  February  18,  1874. 

Wigginton,  Peter  Dinwiddie,  a  Representa- 
tive from  California;  born  in  Springfield,  111., 
September  6,  1839;  completed  preparatory 
studies;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar, 
and  began  practice  in  Snelling,  Cal. ;  district 
attorney,  Merced,  Cal.,  in  1863;  elected  as  a 
Democrat  to  the  Forty -fourth  and  Forty-fifth 
Congresses  (March  4,  1875-March  3,  1879)  ; 
attempted  to  revive  the  old  American  party  in 
1866,  and  was  defeated  as  its  candidate  for  gov- 
ernor; located  in  San  Francisco  in  1880,  mid 
practiced  law  until  his  death  in  Oakland,  Cal.. 
July  7,  1890. 


Wike,  Scott,  a  Representative  from  Illinois; 
born  in  Meadville,  Pa.,  April  6,  1834 ;  moved 
with  his  parents  to  Quincy,  111.,  in  18.°.8,  and  to 
Pike  county  in  1844 ;  was  graduated  from  Lom- 
bard" university,  Galesburg,  in  1857;  studied 
law,  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  185S;  was 
graduated  from  Harvard  law  school,  Cambridge, 
Mass.,  in  1859,  and  commenced  practice  the 
same  year  in  Pittsfield,  111. ;  twice  elected  to 
the  state  legislature  1863-1867;  elected  to  the 
Forty-fourth  Congress  (March  4,  1875-March  3, 
1877)  ;  reelected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Fifty- 
first  and  Fifty-second  Congresses  (March  4, 
1889-March  3,  1893)  ;  an  assistant  secretary  of 
the  Treasury  under  President  Cleveland  (second 
administration)  ;  died  near  Barry,  111.,  January 
15,  1901. 

Wilber,  David,  a  Representative  from  New 
York ;  born  near  Quaker  Street,  Schenectady 
county.  N.  Y.,  October  5,  1820;  attended  the 
common  schools;  engaged  in  the  lumber  trade 
and  in  farming;  one  of  the  directors  of  the  Sec- 
ond National  bank  "of  Cooperstown,  N.  Y. ;  presi- 
dent of  the  Wilber  national  bank  in  Oneonta ; 
elected  to  the  Forty-third  Congress  (March  4, 
1873-March  3,  1875)  ;  reelected  to  the  Forty- 
sixth  Congress  (March  4,  1879-March  3,  1881)  ; 
again  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Fiftieth 
and  Fifty-first  Congresses  and  served  from 
March  4,  1887,  until  his  death  in  Oneonta,  N.  Y., 
April  1,  1890;  delegate  to  the  Republican  na- 
tional convention  in  Chicago  in  1880. 

Wilber,  David  F.,  a  Representative  from  New 
York;  born  in  Milford,  Otsego  county,  N.  Y., 
December  7,  1859 ;  was  graduated  from  Caze- 
novia  (N.  Y.)  seminary  in  1879;  engaged  in 
the  hop  business  in  1880,  and  interested  in 
farming  and  stock  breeding;  twice  represented 
Oneonta  in  the  board  of  supervisors;  member 
of  the  state  tuberculosis  commission  in  1894 ; 
director  of  the  Wilber  national  bank  of  One- 
onta ;  president  of  the  Holstein-Friesian  asso- 
ciation of  America  and  of  the  American  Cheviot 
sheep  association  of  the  United  States  and  Can- 
ada ;  trustee  of  the  Cazenovia  seminary ;  elected 
as  a  Republican  to  the  Fifty-fourth  and  Fifty- 
fifth  Congresses  (March  4,  1895-March  3,  1899)  ; 
appointed  United  States  consul  to  the  Barbados, 
then  to  Singapore,  Kobe,  Halifax,  and  then  to 
Vancouver. 

Wilbour,  Isaac,  a  Representative  from  Rhode 
Island ;  born  in  Little  Compton,  R.  I.,  May  10, 
1763 ;  completed  preparatory  studies ;  studied 
law  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar ;  elected  to  the 
Tenth  Congress  (March  4,  1807-March  3,  1809)  ; 
defeated  for  the  Eleventh  and  Thirteenth  Con- 
gresses; acting  governor  of  Rhode  Island  in 
1806;  received  in  1807  a  commission  from  Gov- 
ernor Fenner.  appointing  him  as  his  successor 
to  the  United  States  Senate  for  the  remainder 
of  the  term  expiring  March  3,  1811,  which  he 
declined ;  associate  justice  of  the  supreme  court 
of  Rhode  Island  in  1818;  chief  justice  1819- 
1827;  died  in  Little  Compton,  R.  I.,  September 
29,  1837. 

Wilcox,  Jeduthan,  a  Representative  from 
New  Hampshire;  born  in  Middletown,  Conn., 
November  18,  1768 ;  moved  to  New  Hampshire ; 
elected  as  a  Federalist  to  the  Thirteenth  and 
Fourteenth  Congresses  (March  4,  1813  March  3, 
1817)  ;  died  in  Orford,  N.  H.,  July  18,  1838. 


1110 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 


Wilcox,  John  A.,  a  Representative  from  Miss- 
issippi; born  in  North  Carolina  April  18,  1819; 
moved  to  Tennessee,  where  he  attended  the  com- 
mon schools;  moved  to  Mississippi  and  located 
in  Aberdeen ;  secretary  of  the  state  senate ; 
served  in  the  Mexican  war  as  lieutenant,  adju- 
tant, and  lieutenant-colonel ;  elected  as  a  Union 
Whig  to  the  Thirty-second  Congress  (March  4, 
1851-March  3,  1853);  defeated  for  reelection; 
moved  to  Texas  in  1853;  represented  Texas  in 
the  Confederate  congress;  died  in  Richmond, 
Va.,  February  7,  1864. 

Wilcox,  Leonard,  a  Senator  from  New  Hemp- 
shire;  born  in  Hanover,  N.  H.,  January  24,  1799; 
was  graduated  from  Dartmouth  college  in  1817 ; 
studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1820, 
and  began  practice  in  Orford,  N.  H. ;  state  rep- 
resentative for  seven  terms ;  judge  of  the  supe- 
rior court  1838-1840 ;  appointed  as  a  Democrat 
to  the  United  States  Senate,  to  fill  vacancy 
caused  by  the  resignation  of  Franklin  Pierce ; 
subsequently  elected,  and  served  from  March  1, 
1842,  to  March  3,  1843;  judge  of  the  court  of 
common  pleas  of  New  Hampshire  1847-1848; 
again  appointed  judge  of  the  superior  court 
June  26,  1848,  and  served  until  his  death,  in 
Orford,  N.  H.,  June  18,  1850. 

Wilcox,  Robert  William,  a  Delegate  from 
Hawaii ;  born  in  Honuaula,  island  of  Maui,  Feb- 
ruary 15,  1855 ;  his  father  was  a  native  of  New- 
port, R.  I.,  his  mother  a  pure  native  of  Honu- 
aula, island  of  Maui ;  attended  the  common 
school  called  "  Haleakala  boarding  school,"  Ma- 
kawao,  island  of  Maui,  and  later  pursued  an 
academic  course  in  the  Royal  military  academy, 
Turin,  Italy,  1881-1885,  and  became  a  sublieu- 
tenant of  artillery ;  entered  the  Royal  applica- 
tion school  for  engineer  and  artillery  officers  in 
Turin  in  1885,  and  recalled  by  the  Hawaiian 
government  in  1887 ;  elected  to  the  legislature 
as  representative  from  Wailukua,  island  of 
Maui,  in  1880 ;  from  Honolulu  in  1890,  and  from 
Koolauloa,  island  of  Oahu,  in  1892;  elected  the 
first  Delegate  from  Hawaii  to  the  second  session 
of  the  Fifty-sixth  Congress  and  to  the  Fifty- 
seventh  Congress,  and  served  from  December 
15,  1900,  to  March  3,  1903;  died  in  Honolulu, 
Hawaii,  October  23,  1903. 

Wilcox,  Washington  F.,  a  Representative 
from  Connecticut ;  born  in  Killingly,  Conn. ; 
prepared  for  college  at  Hopkins  grammar  school, 
New  Haven,  and  was  graduated  from  the 
Yale  law  school  in  1862;  admitted  to  the  bar 
the  same  year  in  Middlesex  county,  and  began 
practice  in  Deep  River,  Conn. ;  member  of  the 
state  house  of  representatives  1862-1863;  state 
senator  1875-1876 ;  appointed  state's  attorney  in 
1875,  and  served  eight  years ;  elected  as  a  Demo- 
crat to  the  Fifty-first  and  Fifty-second  Con- 
gresses (March  4,  1889-March  3,  1893)  ;  re- 
sumed the  practice  of  law  in  Chester,  Conn. ; 
state  railroad  commissioner  1897-1901. 

Wilde,  Richard  Henry,  a  Representative  from 
Georgia ;  born  in  Dublin,  Ireland,  September  24, 
1789,  came  with  his  parents  to  America  in  1797 
and  located  in  Baltimore,  Md. ;  received  ia 
limited  schooling;  moved  to  Augusta,  Ga.,  in 
1803;  studied  law;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in 
1809 ;  attorney  general  of  Georgia ;  elected  as  a 
Democrat  to  the  Fourteenth  Congress  (March 
4.  1815-March  3,  1817)  ;  reelected  to  the  Eight- 


eenth Congress,  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  the 
resignation  of  Thomas  W.  Cobb,  and  served  from 
February  7.  1825,  to  March  3,  1825;  defeated 
for  the  Nineteenth  Congress ;  elected  to  the 
Twenty-first,  Twenty-second,  and  Twenty-third 
Congresses  (March  4,  1829-March  3,  1835)  ;  de- 
feated for  the  Twenty-fourth  Congress ;  moved  to 
New  Orleans  in  1843  to  act  as  professor  of  law 
in  the  university  of  Louisiana ;  died  in  New 
Orleans,  La.,  September  10,  1847. 

Wilder,  A.  Carter,  a  Representative  from 
Kansas ;  born  in  Mendon,  Mass.,  March  18,  1828 ; 
completed  preparatory  studies ;  moved  to  Leaven- 
worth,  Kans.,  in  1857  and  became  a  merchant ; 
delegate  in  the  Republican  national  convention 
in  Chicago  in  1860 ;  elected  as  a  Republican  to 
the  Thirty-eighth  Congress  (March  4,  1863- 
March  3,  1865)  ;  delegate  to  the  Republican  na- 
tional convention  in  Baltimore  in  1864;  died  in 
San  Francisco,  Cal.,  December  23,  1875. 

Wildman,  Zalmon,  a  Representative  from 
Connecticut;  born  in  Danbury,  Conn.,  January 
16,  1775 ;  completed  preparatory  studies ;  held 
several  local  offices ;  member  of  the  state  legis- 
lature 1818-1819 ;  postmaster  of  Danbury,  Conn., 
from  April  9,  1808,  to  May  26,  1835 ;  elected  as  a 
Democrat  to  the  Twenty-fourth  Congress,  and 
served  from  March  4,  1835,  until  his  death  in 
Washington,  D.  C.,  December  10,  1835. 

Wildrick,  Isaac,  a  Representative  from  New 
Jersey ;  native  of  New  Jersey ;  received  a  limited 
schooling;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Thirty- 
first  and  Thirty-second  Congresses  (March  4, 
1849-March  3,  1853). 

Wiley,  Ariosto  Appling,  a  Representative 
from  Alabama ;  born  in  Clayton,  Barbour 
county,  Ala.,  November  6,  1848;  went  with  par- 
ents to  Pike  county ;  was  graduated  from  Emory 
and  Henry  college,  Virginia,  in  June,  1871,  and 
from  the  law  department  in  October,  1872 ;  lo- 
cated in  the  city  of  Montgomery,  Ala.,  and  en- 
gaged in  the  practice  of  law ;  elected  to  the  state 
house  of  representatives  in  1882,  and  served  in 
both  houses  of  the  general  assembly,  alternat- 
ing between  them,  until  1898;  on  June  9,  1898, 
President  McKinley  appointed  him  lieutenant- 
colonel  of  the  fifth  regiment  United  States  vol- 
unteer infantry ;  served  eleven  months  in  Cuba  ; 
legal  adviser  and  chief  of  staff  of  Gen.  Henry 
W.  Lawton  in  Santiago,  and  assisted  Gen.  Leon- 
ard Wood  in  the  establishment  of  civil  govern- 
ment in  the  eastern  province:  elected  as  a  Dem- 
ocrat to  the  Fifty-seventh,  Fifty-eighth,  Fifty- 
ninth,  and  Sixtieth  Congresses,  and  served  from 
March  4,  1901.  until  his  death,  in  Washington, 
D.  C.,  June  17,  1908. 

Wiley,  James  S.,  a  Representative  from 
Maine ;  born  in  the  town  of  Mercer,  Me.,  Jami- 
ary  22,  1808;  moved  to  Bethel,  Me.,  in  1826: 
attended  Gould's  academy,  and  was  graduated 
from  Colby  college  in  1836;  moved  to  Dover. 
Me.,  and  was  an  instructor  in  Foxcroft  acad- 
emy; studied  law.  was  admitted  to  the  Pisca- 
taquis  county  bar,  and  practiced  in  Dover; 
elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Thirtieth  Congress 
(March  4,  1847-March  3,  1849)  ;  died  in  Frye- 
burg,  Me.,  in  1891. 

Wiley,  John  McClure,  a  Representative  from 
New  York ;  born  in  Ireland,  August  11,  1846 : 
emigrated  to  America  with  his  parents  in  1850. 
and  settled  in  Erie  couuty,  N.  Y. ;  attended  the 


BIOGRAPHIES. 


1111 


common  schools ;  engaged  in  mercantile  pur- 
suits and  real  estate  business  in  Golden,  N.  Y. ; 
member  of  the  legislature  1871-1872 ;  delegate 
to  several  national  Democratic  conventions ; 
elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Fifty-first  Con- 
gress (March  4,  1889-March  3,  1891)  ;  appointed 
by  President  Ceveland  consul  to  France;  resides 
in  Jacksonville,  Fla.,  during  the  winters  and  in 
Colden,  N.  Y.,  during  the  summer  months. 

Wiley,  Oliver  Cicero,  a  Representative  from 
Alabama;  born  in  Troy,  Ala.,  January  30,  1851; 
attended  common  schools;  member  of  the  town 
council  for  five  years;  was  two  years  chairman 
of  the  Democratic  executive  committee  of  Pike 
county ;  four  years  a  member  of  the  Democratic 
state  executive  committee;  alternate  delegate  in 
the  Democratic  national  conventions  in  St. 
Louis  in  1888,  and  in  Chicago  in  1892;  president 
of  the  Alabama  Midland  railway  during  its  con- 
struction 1887-1892;  president  of  the  board  of 
directors  of  the  state  normal  college,  Troy,  Ala. ; 
director  of  the  farmers  and  merchants'  national 
bank,  Troy,  Ala. ;  vice-president  and  general 
manager  of  the  Standard  chemical  and  oil  com- 
pany, Troy,  Ala. ;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the 
Sixtieth  Congress,  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  the 
death  of  his  brother,  Ariosto  Appling  Wiley,  and 
served  from  December  7,  1908,  to  March  3,  1909. 

Wiley,  William  Halsted,  a  Representative 
from  New  Jersey ;  born  in  New  York  City,  July 
10,  1842 ;  was  graduated  from  the  college  of  the 
city  of  New  York  in  1861 ;  entered  the  Union 
army  as  a  member  of  the  New  York  volunteers, 
and  was  mustered  out  in  1864  by  the  consolida- 
tion of  his  regiment ;  was  graduated  from  the 
Rensselaer  polytechnic  institute,  Troy,  N.  Y., 
in  1866 ;  received  the  degree  of  civil  engineer ; 
followed  the  profession  for  several  years,  and 
then  took  a  special  course  in  mining  in  the 
Columbia  college  school  of  mines ;  superintend- 
ent of  a  mine  for  several  years ;  member  of  the 
township  committee  of  East  Orange,  N.  J.,  three 
years,  and  president  one  year;  president  of  one 
of  the  juries  in  the  international  exposition  in 
Brussels  in  1897 ;  member  of  the  superior  jury ; 
received  the  decoration  of  the  Order  of  Leopold 
from  the  King;  was  appointed  by  the  governor 
of  New  Jersey  a  member  of  the  commission  for 
the  Louisiana  purchase  exposition ;  elected  as  a 
Republican  to  the  Fifty-eighth  and  Fifty-ninth 
Congresses  (March  4,  1903-March  3,  1907)  ;  re- 
elected  to  the  Sixty-first  Congress  (March  4, 
1909-March  3,  1911)  ;  a  publisher  in  New  York 
City,  with  residence  in  East  Orange,  N.  J. 

Wilkin,  James  Whitney,  a  Representative 
from  New  York ;  born  in  Orange  county,  N.  Y., 
in  1762 ;  served  in  the  Revolutionary  war ;  was 
graduated  from  Princeton  college  in  1785 ;  stud- 
ied law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  began 
practice  in  Goshen,  N.  Y. ;  member  of  the 
state  house  of  representatives  in  1800 ;  be- 
came a  major-general  of  artillery  in  the  New 
York  state  service;  a  state  senator  1801-1804; 
member  of  the  state  assembly  1808-1809,  and 
speaker  1809;  again  senator  1811-1814;  elected 
to  the  Fourteenth  and  Fifteenth  Congresses 
(March  4,  1815-March  3,  1819)  ;  county  clerk 
of  Orange  county  1819-1821;  county  treasurer 
several  years ;  died  in  Goshen,  N.  Y.,  February 
23,  1845. 


Wilkin,  Samuel  Jones,  a  Representative  from 
New  York ;  born  in  Goshen,  Orange  county, 
N.  Y.,  December  17,  1793;  was  graduated  from 
Princeton  college  in  1812;  studied  law,  was  ad- 
mitted to  the  bar  October  4,  1815,  and  began 
practice  in  Goshen;  state  representative  1824- 
1825 ;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Twenty- 
second  Congress  (March  4,  1831-March  3,  1833)  ; 
defeated  as  the  Whig  candidate  for  lieutenant- 
governor  in  1844;  state  senator  in  1847;  canal 
appraiser;  died  in  Goshen,  N.  Y.,  March  11, 1866. 

Wilkins,  Beriah,  a  Representative  from  Ohio ; 
born  in  Union  county,  Ohio,  July  10,  1846;  at- 
tended the  common  schools  of  Marysville,  Ohio ; 
engaged  in  banking  in  Uhrichsville,  Ohio;  elect- 
ed in  1879  to  represent  the  eighteenth  sen- 
atorial district  in  the  Ohio  senate;  elected  as  a 
Democrat  to  the  Forty-eighth,  Forty-ninth,  and 
Fiftieth  Congresses  (March  4,  1883-March  3, 
1889);  located  in  Washington,  D.  C. ;  became 
owner  and  publisher  of  the  Washington  Post; 
died  in  Washington,  D.  C.,  June  7,  1905. 

Wilkins,  William,  a  Senator  and  a  Repre- 
sentative from  Pennsylvania ;  born  in  Carlisle, 
Pa.,  December  20,  1779 ;  attended  Dickinson  col- 
lege; studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar  De- 
cember 28,  1801,  and  established  himself  in 
practice  in  Pittsburgh,  Pa. ;  assisted  in  organ- 
izing the  Pittsburgh  Manufacturing  Company  in 
1810,  and  was  first  president  of  the  bank  of 
Pittsburgh ;  president  of  the  common  council 
1816-1819  ;  member  of  the  state  legislature  1820 ; 
resigned  December  18,  1820;  president  judge  of 
the  fifth  judicial  district  of  Pennsylvania  1821- 
1824;  judge  of  the  United  States  district  court 
for  western  Pennsylvania  1824-1831 ;  defeated 
as  a  candidate  for  the  Twentieth  Congress  in 
1826;  elected  to  the  United  States  Senate,  and 
served  from  March  4,  1831,  to  June  30,  1834, 
when  he  resigned ;  appointed  United  States  min- 
ister to  Russia  from  June,  1834,  to  December, 
1835 ;  received  the  electoral  vote  of  Pennsyl- 
vania for  vice-president  in  1833;  elected  as  a 
Democrat  to  the  Twenty-eighth  Congress,  and 
served  from  March  4,  1843,  to  February  14, 
1844,  when  he  resigned ;  appointed  Secretary  of 
War  by  President  Tyler,  February  15,  1844; 
entered  upon  duties  February  20,  1844,  and 
served  until  March  6,  1845;  state  senator  1855- 
1857 ;  major-general,  Pennsylvania  home  guard, 
1862;  died  in  Homewood,  Allegheny  county,  Pa., 
June  23,  1865. 

Wilkinson,  Morton  Smith,  a  Representative 
and  Senator  from  Minnesota ;  born  in  Skaneat- 
eles,  Onondaga  county,  N.  Y.,  January  22,  1819 ; 
attended  an  academy  and  completed  preparatory 
studies ;  moved  to  Illinois  in  1837  and  was  em- 
ployed in  railroad  work  two  years;  returned  to 
Skaueateles  and  studied  law ;  was  admitted  to 
the  bar  in  1842  in  Syracuse,  N.  Y.,  and  began 
practice  in  Eaton  Rapids,  Mich.,  in  1843 ;  moved 
to  Stillwater,  Minn.,  in  1847,  and  elected  to  the 
first  legislature  of  Minnesota  Territory  in  1849 ; 
appointed  one  of  the  board  of  commissioners  to 
prepare  a  code  of  laws  for  the  territory,  which 
was  adopted;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the 
United  States  Senate,  and  served  from  March  4, 
1859,  to  March  3,  1865 ;  defeated  for  reelection  ; 
elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Forty -first  Con- 
gress (March  4,  1869-March  3,  1871)  ;  state  sen- 
ator 1874-1878;  died  in  Wells,  Minn.,  February 
4,  1894. 


1112 


CONGRESSIONAL   DIRECTORY. 


Wilkinson,  Theodore  Stark,  a  Representative 
from  Louisiana ;  born  in  Plaquemines  parish, 
La..  December  18,  1847;  attended  the  common 
schools  and  Washington  college,  Lexington,  Va., 
for  two  years;  engaged  in  sugar  planting  in 
1870;  member  of  the  school  board  of  Plaque- 
mines  parish ;  member  and  president  of  the  board 
of  leveee  commissioners  for  the  third  levee  dis- 
trict; elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Fiftieth  and 
Fifty-first  Congresses  (March  4,  1887-March  3, 
1891). 

Willard,  Charles  Wesley,  a  Representative 
from  Vermont;  born  in  Lyndon,  Vt.,  June  18, 
1827 ;  was  graduated  from  Dartmouth  college 
in  1851 ;  studied  law,  and  in  1853  began  practice 
in  Montpelier ;  secretary  of  state  of  Vermont 
1855-1856;  declined  a  reelection;  state  senator 
1860-1861;  editor  and  publisher  of  the  Mont- 
pelier Freeman ;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the 
Forty-first,  Forty-second,  and  Forty-third  Con- 
gresses (March  4,  1869-March  3,  1875)  ;  died  in 
Montpelier,  Vt,  June  7,  1880. 

Williard,  George,  a  Representative  from 
Michigan;  born  in  Bolton,  Vt.,  March  20,  1824; 
pursued  classical  studies ;  professor  for  two 
years  in  Kalamazoo  college;  engaged  in  news- 
paper work  in  Battle  Creek,  Mich. ;  member  of 
the  Michigan  state  board  of  education  1857- 
1863 ;  regent  of  Michigan  university  for  ten 
years;  elected  to  the  state  legislature  in  1866; 
member  of  the  constitutional  convention  of  1867  ; 
delegate  in  the  national  Republican  convention 
of  1872;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Forty- 
third  and  Forty-fourth  Congresses  (March  4, 
1873-March  3,  1877)  ;  resumed  newspaper  work 
in  Battle  Creek,  Mich. ;  editor  and  owner  of  the 
Battle  Creek  Journal  until  his  death  in  Battle 
Creek,  Mich.,  March  26,  1901. 

Willett,  William,  jr.,  a  Representative  from 
New  York ;  born  in  Brooklyn,  N.  Y.,  November 
27,  1869;  attended  the  public  schools  of  Brook- 
lyn and  was  graduated  from  the  university  of 
the  City  of  New  York,  degree  of  LL.  B.  in  1896 ; 
engaged  in  the  practice  of  law;  elected  as  a 
Democrat  to  the  Sixtieth  and  Sixty-first  Con- 
gresses (March  4,  1907-March  3,  1911)  ;  resumed 
the  practice  of  law  in  New  York  City. 

Willey,  Calvin,  a  Senator  from  Connecticut; 
born  in  East  Haddam,  Conn.,  September  11, 
1776 ;  received  a  limited  schooling ;  studied  law, 
was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1798,  and  began 
practice  in  Stafford ;  state  representative  for 
nine  years  and  a  state  sentator  two  years ;  post- 
master of  Stafford  Springs,  Conn.,  1806-1808; 
and  of  Tolland,  Conn.,  1812-1816 ;  probate  judge 
for  the  Stafford  district  seven  years ;  elector 
on  the  John  Quincy  Adams  ticket  in  1824 ; 
elected  to  the  United  States  Senate,  and  served 
from  May  4,  1825,  to  March  3,  1831;  died  in 
Stafford,  Conn.,  August  23,  1858. 

Willey,  Waitman  Thomas,  a  Senator  from 
Virgina  and  from  West  Virginia ;  born  in  Mo- 
nongalia  county,  W.  Va.,  October  18,  1811 ;  was 
graduated  from  Madison  college,  Pennsylvania, 
in  1831  ;  studied  law  and  admitted  to  the  bar 
in  1833 ;  held  several  local  offices ;  delegate  in 
the  Virginia  constitutional  convention  of  1850- 
1851 ;  elected  to  the  United  States  Senate  to  fill 
vacancy  caused  by  the  voluntary  retirement  of 
James  M.  Mason,  and  served  from  July  9,  1861, 


to  March  3,  1863 ;  delegate  in  the  state  constitu- 
tional convention  of  the  state  of  West  Virginia  ; 
elected  to  the  United  States  Senate  from  West 
Virginia  in  1863,  and  reelected ;  served  from 
August  4,  1863,  to  March  3,  1871;  died  in  Mor- 
gantown,  W.  Va.,  May  2,  1900. 

Williams,  Abram  Pease,  a  Senator  from  Cali- 
fornia ;  born  in  New  Portland,  Somerset  county, 
Me.,  February  3,  1832 ;  attended  the  common 
school  sand  completed  an  academic  course  ;  taught 
school ;  moved  to  Fairfield,  Somerset  county,  Me., 
and  engaged  in  mercantile  pursuits ; '  moved  to 
California  in  1858  and  engaged  in  mining  in 
Tuolumne  county ;  resumed  mercantile  business 
in  1859 ;  moved  to  San  Francisco  in  1861  and  be- 
came an  importer,  stock  raiser,  and  farmer  ;  one 
of  the  founders  of  the  San  Francisco  board  of 
trade  and  its  first  president ;  member  of  the  San 
Francisco  chamber  of  commerce;  chairman  of 
the  finance  committee  and  treasurer  of  the  Re- 
publican state  committee  in  1880,  and  chairman 
of  the  committee  in  1884 ;  elected  to  the  United 
States  senate  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  the  death 
of  John  F.  Miller,  and  served  from  August  4, 
1886,  to  March  3,  1887;  died  in  San  Francisco, 
Cal.,  October  17,  1911;  interment  in  Fairfield, 
Me. 

Williams,  Alpheus  Starkey,  a  Representative 
from  Michigan ;  born  in  Saybrook,  Conn.,  Sep- 
tember 20,  1810;  was  graduated  from  Yale  in 
1831 ;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and 
began  practice  in  Detroit,  Mich. ;  judge  of  pro- 
bate 1840-1844 ;  editor  of  the  Detroit  Daily  Ad- 
vertiser 1843-1847 ;  appointed  postmaster  of  De- 
troit in  1849 ;  served  in  the  war  with  Mexico ; 
lieutenant-colonel  of  the  first  Michigan  infantry 
December  8,  1847;  mustered  out  July  29,  1848; 
served  in  the  civil  war ;  brigadier-general  of 
Michigan  volunteers  April  24,  1861 ;  of  United 
States  ^  olunteers  May  17,  1861 ;  brevet  major- 
general  of  volunteers  January  12,  1865,  "  for 
marked  ability  and  energy ;  "  mustered  out  Janu- 
ary 15,  1866;  minister  resident  at  San  Salvador 
1866-1869;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Forty- 
fourth  and  Forty-fifth  Congresses,  and  served 
from  March  4,  1875  until  his  death  in  Wash- 
ington, D.  C.,  December  20,  1878. 

Williams,  Andrew,  a  Representative  from 
New  York ;  born  in  Ormstown,  Canada,  August 
27,  1828;  received  a  limited  schooling;  came  to 
the  United  States  in  October,  1848,  and  became 
a  manufacturer  in  Plattsburg,  N.  Y.,  in  1855; 
elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Forty-fourth  and 
Forty-fifth  Congresses  (March  4,  lS75-March  3, 
1879)  ;  died  in  Plattsburg,  N.  Y.,  October  6, 
1907. 

Williams,  Archibald  Hunter  Arlington,  a 
Representative  from  North  Carolina ;  born  in 
Franklin  county,  N.  C.,  October  22,  1842;  at- 
tended the  common  schools  and  Emory  and 
Henry  college,  Virginia ;  enlisted  as  a  private  in 
the  Confederate  army  in  1861;  served  four 
years  in  the  Army  of  Northern  Virginia,  and 
at  the  surrender  at  Appomattox  was  captain  of 
his  company;  severely  wounded  at  Gettysburg; 
after  the  war  engaged  in  farming  and  in  retail 
trade  in  Oxford,  N.  C. ;  twice  represented  Gran- 
ville  county  in  the  legislature ;  elected  as  a 
Democrat  to  the  Fifty-second  Congress  (March 
4,  1891-March  3,  1893)  ;  died  in  Chase  City,  Va., 
September  5,  1895. 


BIOGKAPHIES. 


1113 


Williams,  Benjamin,  a  Representative  from 
North  Carolina;  born  in  North  Carolina  in  1754  ; 
pursued  classical  studies;  served  in  the  Revolu- 
tionary army  as  captain  and  promoted  to  col- 
onel for  gallantry  at  Guilford,  March  15,  1781 ; 
for  a  number  of  years  a  member  of  the  state 
house  of  representatives;  elected  to  the  Third 
Congress  (March  4,  1793-March  3,  1795)  ;  gov- 
ernor of  North  Carolina  1799-1802  and  1807- 
1808;  member  of  the  state  senate  1808-1809; 
died  in  Moore  county,  N.  C.,  July  20,  1814. 

Williams,  Charles  Grandison,  a  Representa- 
tive from  Wisconsin ;  born  in  Royalton,  N.  Y., 
October  18,  1829 ;  pursued  an  academic  course 
and  studied  law  in  Rochester,  N.  Y. ;  moved  to 
Wisconsin  in  1850,  and  entered  upon  the  prac- 
tice of  law  in  Janesville ;  presidential  elector  in 
1868 ;  elected  to  the  state  senate  the  same  year 
and  reelected  in  1870 ;  twice  chosen  president 
pro  tempore  ef  the  body ;  elected  as  a  Repub- 
lican to  the  Forty-third,  and  to  the  four  suc- 
ceeding Congresses  (March  4,  1873-March  3, 
1883)  ;  resumed  the  practice  of  law  after  leav- 
ing Congress;  died  in  Watertown,  S.  Dak., 
March  30,  1892 ;  interment  in  Janesville,  Wis. 

Williams,  Christopher  Harris,  a  Representa- 
tive from  Tennessee;  born  in  North  Carolina 
December  18,  1798 ;  completed  preparatory 
studies;  elected  as  a  Whig  to  the  Twenty-fifth, 
Twenty-sixth,  and  Twenty-seventh  Congresses 
(March  4,  1837-March  3,  1843)  ;  reelected  to 
the  Thirty-first  and  Thirty-second  Congresses 
(March  4,  1849-March  3,  1853)  ;  died  in  Lexing- 
ton, Tenn.,  November  27,  1857. 

Williams,  David  Rogerson,  a  Representa- 
tive from  South  Carolina ;  born  in  Robbing 
Neck,  S.  C.,  March  10,  1776;  was  graduated 
from  Brown  university  in  1797 ;  studied  law. 
was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  practiced ;  elected 
to  the  Ninth  and  Tenth  Congresses  (March  4, 
1805-March  3,  1809)  ;  reelected  to  the  Twelfth 
Congress  (March  4,  1811-March  3,  1813)  ;  briga- 
dier general  in  the  United  States  army  July  9, 
1813,  to  April  6,  1814;  governor  of  South  Caro- 
line 1814-1816;  died  in  Lynchs  Creek,  S.  C., 
November  15,  1830. 

Williams,  Elihu  Stephens,  a  Representative 
from  Ohio ;  born  in  Bethel  township,  Clark 
county,  Ohio,  January  24,  1835 ;  attended  the 
common  schools  and  Antioch  college  two  years; 
read  law  in  Dayton;  enlisted  as  a  private  in 
the  seventy-first  Ohio  volunteer  infantry  in 
October,  1861 ;  commissioned  first  lieutenant 
February  14,  1862 ;  promoted  to  captain  Febru- 
ary 10,  1863;  detailed  to  the  command  of  the 
military  post  at  Carthage,  Tenn.,  September, 
1863,  and  remained  there  till  the  close  of  the 
war;  attorney  general  of  the  sixth  judicial  dis- 
trict of  Tennessee  from  April,  1865,  to  1867; 
elected  to  the  Tennessee  house  of  representa- 
tives in  1867,  and  served  one  term ;  removed  to 
Troy,  Ohio,  in  January,  1875 ;  elected  as  a  Re- 
publican to  the  Fiftieth  and  Fifty-first  Con- 
gresses (March  4,  1887-March  3,  1891)  ;  died  in 
Troy,  Ohio,  December  1,  1903. 

Williams,  George  Fred.,  a  Representative 
from  Massachusetts ;  born  in  Dedham,  Norfolk 
county,  Mass.,  July  10,  1852 ;  was  graduated 
from  the  Dedham  high  school  in  1868  and  from 
Dartmouth  in  1872 :  studied  at  the  universities 


of  Heidelberg  and  Berlin ;  admitted  to  the  bar 
in  October,  1875 ;  edited  Williams's  Citations  of 
Massachusetts  Cases  in  1878,  and  volumes  10  to 
17  of  the  Annual  Digest  of  the  United  States 
1880-1887;  elected  to  the  state  legislature  in 
1889 ;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Fifty-second 
Congress  (March  4,  1891-March  3,  1893)  ;  re- 
sumed the  practice  of  law  in  Dedham,  Mass. 

Williams,  George  Henry,  a  Senator  from 
Oregon ;  born  in  New  Lebanon,  N.  Y.,  March  23, 
1823 ;  completed  preparatory  studies ;  studied 
law  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar;  moved  to 
Iowa,  where  he  began  practice;  judge  of  the 
first  judicial  district  of  Iowa  1847-1852;  presi- 
dential elector  in  1852 ;  chief  justice  of  the  terri- 
tory of  Oregon  in  1853  and  again  in  1857;  re- 
signed in  the  latter  year ;  member  of  the  con- 
stitutional convention  of  Oregon  in  1858 ;  elected 
as  a  Union  Republican  to  the  United  States 
Senate,  and  served  from  March  4,  1865,  to  March 

3,  1871 ;  Attorney  General  of  the  United  States 
from  January  10,  1872,  to  May  15,  1875;  nomi- 
nated by  President  Grant  Chief  Justice  of  the 
Supreme  Court  o£  the  United   States,  but  the 
name  was  withdrawn  ;  mayor  of  Portland,  Oreg.. 
1902-1905;    died   in    Portland,    Oreg.,    April    4, 
1910. 

Williams,  Henry,  a  Representative  from 
Massachusetts;  born  in  Taunton,  Mass.,  Novem- 
ber 30,  1805 ;  completed  preparatory  studies ; 
studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  began 
practice  in  Taunton ;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to 
the  Twenty-sixth  Congress  (March  4,  1839- 
March  3,  1841);  defeated  for  reelection;  re- 
elected  to  the  Twenty-eighth  Congress  (March 

4,  1843-March  3,  1845)  ;  state  senator  two  years, 
and  served  in  the  state  house  of  representatives 
three  years ;  died  in  Taunton,  Mass.,  May  8. 1887. 

Williams,  Hezekiah,  a  Representative  from 
Maine;  born  in  Woodstock,  Vt.,  July  28,  1798; 
was  graduated  from  Dartmouth  college  in  1820 ; 
studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  began 
practice  in  Castine ;  register  of  probate  for 
Hancock  county  1824-1838;  state  senator  1839- 
1841 ;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Twenty-ninth 
and  Thirtieth  Congresses  (March  4,  1845-March 
3,  1849)  ;  died  in  Castine,  Me.,  October  24,  1856. 

Williams,  Isaac,  a  Representative  from  New 
York ;  born  in  Otsego  county,  N.  Y.,  April  5, 
1777;  received  a  limited  schooling;  elected  to  the 
Thirteenth  Congress  (March  4,  1813-March  3, 
1815)  ;  reelected  to  the  Fifteenth  Congress 
(March  4,  1817-March  3,  1819)  ;  again  elected  to 
the  Eighteenth  Congress  (March  4,  1823-March 
3,  1825)  ;  died  in  Cooperstown,  N.  Y.,  November 
9,  1860. 

Williams,  James,  a  Representative  from  Dela- 
ware ;  born  in  Philadelphia,  Pa.,  August  4,  1825 ; 
completed  preparatory  studies;  moved  to  Dela- 
ware in  1844  and  became  a  farmer;  state  legis- 
lator in  1856  and  1862;  state  senator  in  1866  and 
1871 ;  member  of  the  national  Democratic  con- 
vention in  Baltimore  in  1872;  elected  as  a  Demo- 
crat to  the  Forty-fourth  and  Forty-fifth  Con- 
gresses (March  4,  1875-March  3,  1879)  ;  died  in 
Smyrna,  Del.,  April  12,  1899. 

Williams,  James  Douglas,  a  Representative 
from  Indiana ;  born  in  Pickaway  county,  Ohio, 
January  16,  1808:  moved  to  Indiana  and  located 
in  Knox  county  in  1818;  engaged  in  farming; 


1114 


CONGRESSIONAL   DIRECTORY. 


state  representative  in  1843, 1847, 1851, 1856,  and 
1868;  state  senator  1858,  1862,  and  1870;  dele- 
gate to  the  national  Democratic  convention  in 
Baltimore  in  1872;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to 
the  Forty-fourth  Congress,  and  served  from 
March  4,  1875,  to  December  1,  1876,  when  he  re- 
signed ;  governor  of  Indiana  1879-1880 ;  died  in 
Indianapolis,  Ind.,  November  20,  1880. 

Williams,  James  R.,  a  Representative  from 
Illinois ;  born  in  White  county,  111.,  December 
27,  1850;  was  graduated  from  the  Indiana  state 
university,  Bloomington,  in  1875,  and  from  the 
Union  college  of  law,  Chicago,  in  1876 ;  engaged 
in  practice  in  Carmi,  111. ;  master  in  chancery 
1880-1882;  county  judge  of  White  county  1882- 
1886 ;  nominee  for  elector  on  the  Cleveland  and 
Thurman  ticket;  elected  to  the  Fifty-first  Con- 
gress to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  the  death  of 
Richard  W.  Townshend;  reelected  as  a  Demo- 
crat to  the  Fifty-second  and  Fifty-third  Con- 
gresses, and  served  from  December  2,  1889,  to 
March  3,  1895;  reelected  to  the  Fifty-sixth. 
Fifty-seventh,  and  Fifty-eighth  Congresses 
(March  4,  1899-March  3,  1905). 

Williams,  James  W.,  a  Representative  from 
Maryland ;  born  in  Maryland  in  1787 ;  completed 
preparatory  studies;  speaker  of  the  state  house 
of  representatives  in  1830,  and  served  several 
years  as  a  member ;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to 
the  Twenty-seventh  Congress,  and  served  from 
March  4,  1841,  until  his  death  in  Churchville, 
Md.,  December  2,  1842. 

Williams,  Jared,  a  Representative  from  Vir- 
ginia ;  born  in  Montgomery  county,  Md.,  March 
4,  1766 ;  pursued  classical  studies ;  became  a 
farmer ;  member  of  the  state  house  of "  repre- 
sentatives in  1811  and  1817;  elected  as  a  Jack- 
son Democrat  to  the  Sixteenth,  Seventeenth,  and 
Eighteenth  Congresses  (March  4, 1819-March  3, 
1825)  ;  presidential  elector  on  the  Jackson  and 
Calhoun  ticket  in  1829;  died  near  Newton,  Va., 
January  2,  1831. 

Williams,  Jared  Warner,  a  Representative 
and  a  Senator  from  New  Hampshire;  born  in 
West  Woodstock,  Conn.,  December  22,  1796; 
was  graduated  from  Brown  university  in  1818; 
studied  law  in  the  Litchfield  law  school,  was  ad- 
mitted to  the  bar,  and  in  1822  began  practice  in 
Lancaster,  N.  H. ;  member  of  the  state  house  of 
representatives  in  1830,  1831,  1835,  and  1836, 
and  of  the  state  senate  1832,  1833,  and  1834; 
elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Twenty-fifth  and 
Twenty-sixth  Congresses  (March  4.  1837-March 
3,  1841)  ;  governor  of  New  Hampshire  1847- 
1849 ;  appointed  to  the  United  States  Senate  to 
fill  vacancy  caused  by  the  death  of  Charles  G. 
Atherton,  and  served  from  November  29,  1853,  to 
July  30,  1855;  died  in  Lancaster,  N.  H.,  Septem- 
ber 29,  1864. 

Williams,  Jeremiah  Norman,  a  Representa- 
tive from  Alabama ;  born  in  Barbour  county, 
Ala.,  May  18,  1829;  was  graduated  from  the 
University  of  South  Carolina ;  studied  law  in 
Tuskegee.  Ala.,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and 
practiced;  served  in  the  Confederate  army: 
elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Forty-fourth  and 
Forty-fifth  Congresses  (March  4,  1875-March  3, 
1879)  ;  member  of  the  state  constitutional  con- 
vention of  1901;  engaged  in  the  practice  of  law 
in  Clayton,  Ala. 


Williams,  John,  a  Representative  from  New 
York;  bom  in  Utica.  N.  Y.,  January  7,  1807; 
spent  his  youth  and  completed  preparatory 
studies  in  Sacketts  Harbor,  N.  Y. ;  moved  to 
Rochester,  N.  Y.,  and  continued  in  mercantile 
pursuits  and  the  manufacture  of  flour,  1823- 
1854 ;  alderman  in  1844 ;  mayor  in  1853 ;  elected 
as  a  Democrat  to  the  Thirty-fourth  Congress 
(March  4,  1855-March  3,  1857)  ;  reengaged  in 
milling  1858-1870;  major-general  of  militia; 
excise  commissioner  and  manager  of  house  of 
refuge  in  1870;  city  treasurer  1871-1875;  died 
in  Rochester,  N.  Y.,  March  27,  1875. 

Williams,  John,  a  Delegate  from  North  Caro- 
lina ;  born  in  Hanover  county,  Va.,  March  14, 
1731 ;  removed  with  parents  to  North  Carolina 
in  1745,  settled  in  Granville  county  and  donated 
and  laid  out  the  town  of  Williamsboro ;  studied 
law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar.  and  practiced ; 
deputy  attorney-general  in  1768;  delegate  in 
the  provincial  congress  of  1775 ;  member  of  the 
North  Carolina  house  of  commons  1777-1 7,78,  and 
its  speaker ;  delegate  in  the  Continental  Con- 
gress 1778-1779;  judge  of  the  supreme  court  of 
North  Carolina  from  1779,  until  his  death  in 
Montpelier,  near  Williamsboro,  N.  C.,  October 
10,  1799. 

Williams,  John,  a  Senator  from  Tennessee; 
born  in  Surry  county,  N.  C.,  January  29,  1778; 
completed  preparatory  studies;  captain  in  the 
sixth  United  States  infantry  April,  1799-June, 
1800;  studied  law  in  Salisbury,  N.  C..  was  ad- 
mitted to  the  bar  of  Knox  county,  Tenn.,  in 
1803,  and  began  practice  in  Knoxville,  Tenn.; 
captain  of  regular  troops  in  the  war  of  1812, 
and  was  colonel  of  a  regiment  of  East  Tennessee 
mounted  volunteers  in  the  expedition  against  the 
Seminoles  in  Florida,  1812-1813;  colonel  of  the 
thirty-ninth  United  States  infantry,  June  18, 
1813,  and  subsequently  served  under  General 
Jackson  in  the  expedition  against  the  Creek 
Indians  in  Alabama  ;  participated  in  the  decisive 
battle  of  Horse-Shoe  Bend,  March  27,  1813; 
elected  to  the  United  States  Senate  to  fill  va- 
cancy caused  by  the  resignation  of  George  W. 
Campbell ;  was  subsequently  appointed  to  fill 
vacancy  in  the  regular  term  caused  during  a 
recess  of  the  legislature;  was  then  elected,  and 
served  from  October  10,  1815,  to  March  3,  1823 ; 
defeated  for  reelection  by  Andrew  Jackson ; 
charge  d'affaires  to  the  Central  American  Feder- 
ation December  29,  1825-December  1,  1826; 
member  of  the  state  senate  of  Tennessee;  de- 
clined appointment  as  justice  of  the  state  su- 
preme court ;  died  near  Knoxville,  Tenn.,  August 
10,  1837. 

Williams,  John,  a  Representative  from  New 
York ;  native  of  Washington  county,  N.  Y. ; 
colonel  in  the  Revolutionary  army ;  member  of 
the  state  senate  in  1777,  but  expelled  for  mis- 
conduct; again  a  member  of  the  state  senate 
1782-1793;  elected  to  the  Fourth  and  Fifth 
Congresses  (March  4,  1795-March  3,  1799). 

Williams,  John  McKeown  Snow,  a  Repre- 
sentative from  Massachusetts ;  born  in  Rich- 
mond, Va.,  August  14,  1818 ;  educated  in  Boston ; 
merchant ;  member  of  the  state  house  of  repre- 
sentatives 1856  and  the  state  senate  1858 ;  presi- 
dential elector  in  1868;  elected  as  a  Republican 
to  the  Forty-third  Congress  (March  4,  1873- 
March  3,  1875);  defeated  for  reelection;  died 
in  Cambridge.  Mass..  March  19,  1886. 


BIOGRAPHIES. 


1115 


Williams,  John  Stuart,  a  Senator  from  Ken- 
tucky ;  born  iu  Montgomery  county,  Ky.,  in 
1820;  was  graduated  from  Miami  university, 
Oxford,  Ohio,  in  1839;  studied  law,  was  admit- 
ted to  the  bar,  and  practiced  in  Paris,  Ky. ; 
served  in  the  Mexican  war,  first  as  captain  of 
an  independent  company  attached  to  the  sixth 
infantry,  United  States  army,  and  afterwards 
as  colonel  of  the  fourth  regiment  of  Kentucky 
volunteers;  delegate  in  Whig  national  conven- 
tions and  a  Whig  presidential  elector ;  elected 
to  the  Kentucky  legislature  in  1851-1852,  and 
again  in  1873-1874;  entered  the  Confederate 
army  as  colonel  in  1861 ;  made  brigadier-general 
in  April,  1862,  and  surrendered  with  the  army 
of  Gen.  Joseph  E.  Johnston  in  Georgia ;  engaged 
in  farming,  with  residence  in  Paris,  Ky. ;  elected 
as  a  Democrat  to  the  United  States  Senate,  and 
served  from  March  4,  1879,  to  March  3,  1885; 
died  in  Paris,  Ky.,  July  17,  1898. 

Williams,  John  Sharp,  a  Representative  and 
a  Senator  from  Mississippi ;  born  in  Memphis, 
Tenn.,  July  30,  1854;  after  the  death  of  his 
parents  moved  to  the  family  homestead  of  his 
mother  in  Yazoo  county.  Miss. ;  attended  private 
schools,  the  Kentucky  military  institute,  near 
Frankfort,  Ky.,  the  university  of  the  South, 
Sewanee,  Tenn.,  the  university  of  Virginia,  and 
the  university  of  Heidelberg,  in  Baden,  Ger- 
many ;  subsequently  studied  law  at  the  univer- 
sity of  Virginia  and  in  Memphis,  Tenn.;  was 
licensed  to  practice  in  Shelby  county,  Tenn.,  in 
1877;  moved  in  December,  1878,  to  Yazoo  City, 
Miss.,  where  he  engaged  in  the  practice  of  law 
and  the  pursuits  of  a  cotton  planter;  delegate 
in  the  Chicago  Democratic  convention  of  1892; 
elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Fifty-third,  and  to 
the  seven  succeeding  Congresses  (March  4, 
1893-March  3,  1909)  ;  elected  to  the  United 
States  Senate  for  the  term  expiring  March  4, 
1917. 

Williams,  Jonathan,  a  Representative  from 
Pennsylvania ;  born  in  Boston,  Mass.,  May  26, 
1750 ;  completed  preparatory  studies  and  entered 
a  bank  in  Boston ;  went  to  France  and  was  Ben- 
jamin Franklin's  secretary  1770-1775 ;  studied 
military  science;  returned  to  the  United  States 
in  1785  and  located  in  Philadelphia ;  judge  of 
the  court  of  common  pleas ;  entered  the  United 
States  army ;  major  of  the  second  regiment  of 
artillerists  and  engineer  February  16,  1801; 
inspector  of  fortifications  December  14,  1801- 
June  1,  1802;  commanded  the  post  at  West 
Point,  N.  Y.,  and  was  first  superintendent  of 
the  United  States  military  academy  in  1802; 
retained  as  major  of  engineers  April  1,  1802; 
lieutenant-colonel  and  chief  of  engineers  July 

3,  1802;  resigned  June  20,  1803,  on  a  question  of 
rank;    resumed   the  rank   of  lieutenant-general 
and  chief  engineer  at  President  Jefferson's  re- 
quest April  19,  1805 ;  colonel  February  23,  1808 ; 
planned  and  built  the  inner  forts  for  the  de 
fense  of  New  York  harbor;   resigned  July  31, 
1812;  returned  to  Philadelphia,  Pa.;  elected  to 
the  Fourteenth  Congress,  and  served  from  March 

4,  1815,  until  his  death,  before  the  assembling 
of  the  Congress,  in  Philadelphia,  Pa.,  May  16, 
1815. 

Williams,  Joseph  Lanier,  a  Representative 
from  Tennessee;  born  in  Knoxville.  Tenn.,  Octo- 
ber 23,  1807;  completed  preparatory  studies;  at- 
tended East  Tennessee  university  and  West 


Point ;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and 
practiced  in  Kuoxville,  Tenu. ;  elected  as  a  Whig 
to  the  Twenty-fifth,  Twenty-sixth,  and  Twenty- 
seventh  Congresses  (March  4,  1837-March  3, 
1843)  ;  died  in  Knoxville,  Tenn.,  December  14, 
1865. 

Williams,  Lemuel,  a  Representative  from 
Massachusetts;  native  of  Massachusetts;  born 
June  18,  1747 ;  was  graduated  from  Harvard  col- 
lege in  1765;  elected  to  the  Sixth,  Seventh,  and 
Eighth  Congresses  (March  4,  1799-March  3, 
1805)  ;  died  in  New  Bedford,  Mass.,  November  8, 
1828. 

Williams,  Lewis,  a  Representative  from 
North  Carolina ;  born  in  Surry  county,  N.  C., 
February  1,  1786;  was  graduated  from  the  uni- 
versity of  North  Carolina  in  1808;  member  of 
the  house  of  commons  1813-1814 ;  elected  to  the 
Fourteenth,  and  to  the  thirteen  succeeding  Con- 
gresses and  served  from  March  4,  1815  until 
his  death ;  received  the  title  of  "  Father  of  the 
House  " ;  died  in  Washington,  D.  C.,  February 
23,  1842 ;  interment  in  Panther  Creek  cemetery, 
Surry  county,  N.  C. 

Williams,  Marmaduke,  a  Representative 
from  North  Carolina ;  born  in  Caswell  county, 
N.  C.,  April  6,  1772;  completed  preparatory 
studies;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar, 
and  practiced;  member  of  the  state  senate  1802; 
elected  to  the  Eighth,  Ninth,  and  Tenth  Con- 
gresses (March  4,  1803-March  3,  1809)  ;  moved 
to  Huntsville,  Madison  county,  Ala.,  in  1810,  and 
to  Tuscaloosa,  Ala.,  in  1818;  member  of  the 
constitutional  convention  in  1819;  candidate  for 
governor  in  1819,  and  defeated;  member  of  the 
state  legislature  for  eleven  terms  from  1821- 
1839:  judge  of  the  Tuscaloosa  county  court 
1832-1842 ;  died  in  Tuscaloosa,  Ala.,  October  29, 
1850. 

Williams,  Morgan  B.,  a  Representative  from 
Pennsylvania ;  born  in  Rhandir-Mwyn,  parish 
of  Leanfair-ar-y-Bryn,  Carmarthenshire,  Wales, 
September  17,  1831 ;  attended  the  public  schools ; 
went  to  Australia  in  1856 ;  returned  to  Wales  in 
August,  1861,  and  in  March,  1862,  came  to  the 
United  States  and  located  in  Scranton,  Pa.; 
moved  to  Wilkes-Barre,  Pa.,  in  September,  1865; 
appointed  superintendent  for  the  Lehigh  and 
Wilkesbarre  coal  company,  which  position  he 
held  for  fourteen  years;  member  of  the  school 
board  and  of  the  city  council  for  twelve  years: 
alternate  delegate  to  the  Republican  national 
convention  in  Chicago  in  1884;  elected  to  the 
state  senate  in  1884;  member  of  the  World's 
fair  commission ;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the 
Fifty-fifth  Congress  (March  4,  1897-March  3, 
1899). 

Williams,  Nathan,  a  Representative  from 
New  York ;  a  native  of  Oneida  county,  N.  Y. ; 
completed  preparatory  studies;  held  several 
local  offices  in  Oneida  county ;  elected  to  the 
Ninth  Congress  (March  4,  1805-March  3,  1807)  ; 
member  of  the  state  house  of  representatives  in 
1818. 

Williams,  Reuel,  a  Senator  from  Maine; 
born  in  Hallowell.  Me.,  June  2,  1783 ;  completed 
preparatory  studies  in  Hallowell  academy;  stud- 
ied law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1802,  and  be- 
gan practice  in  Augusta,  Me. ;  member  of  the  state 
house  of  representatives  1822-1826,  and  of  the 
senate  1827-1828,  and  again  of  the  house  1829- 


1116 


CONGRESSIONAL   DIRECTORY. 


3832;  commissioner  of  public  buildings  1331; 
presidential  elector  on  the  Van  Buren-Johnson 
ticket  in  1836 ;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the 
United  States  Senate  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by 
the  resignation  of  Ether  Shepley,  and  served 
from  February  22,  1837,  until  February  15,  1843, 
when  he  resigned ;  manager  of  a  railroad  for 
twelve  years;  died  in  Augusta,  Me.,  July  25, 
1862. 

Williams,  Richard,  a  Representative  from 
Oregon ;  born  in  Findlay,  Ohio,  November  15, 
1836;  moved  to  Oregon  in  1851;  completed  pre- 
paratory studies;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to 
the  bar  in  1858,  and  began  practice  in  Portland ; 
elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Forty-fifth  Con- 
gress (March  4,  1877-March  3,  1879). 

Williams,  Robert,  a  Representative  from 
North  Carolina ;  born  in  Prince  Edward  county, 
Va.,  in  1768;  moved  with  parents  to  Surry 
county,  N.  C. ;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the 
bar,  and  began  practice  in  what  is  now  Rocking- 
ham  county ;  member  of  the  state  senate  1792- 
1795;  elected  to  the  Fifth,  Sixth,  and  Seventh 
Congresses  (March  4,  1797-March  3,  1803)  ; 
member  of  a  commission  to  ascertain  the  rights 
of  persons  claiming  lands  in  Mississippi  Terri- 
tory west  of  the  Pearl  river;  governor  of  Mis- 
sissippi Territory  March,  1805-March  7,  1809; 
subsequently  resided  in  Mississippi  and  North 
Carolina,  and  practiced  law  and  engaged  in 
planting ;  located  in  Ouachita,  La.,  where  he  died 
January  25,  1836;  interment  upon  his  plantation 
near  Monroe,  La. 

Williams,  Sherrod,  a  Representative  from 
Kentucky;  native  of  Kentucky;  completed  pre- 
paratory studies;  elected  as  a  Whig  to  the 
Twenty-fourth,  Twenty-fifth,  and  Twenty-sixth 
Congresses  (March  4,  1855-March  3,  1841). 

Williams,  Thomas,  a  Representative  from 
Pennsylvania ;  born  in  Greensburg,  Pa.,  August 
28,  1806 ;  was  graduated  from  Dickinson  col- 
lege in  1825;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the 
Pittsburgh  bar  in  1828 ;  practiced  in  Greensburg 
1828-1831;  located  in  practice  in  Pittsburgh  in 
1832;  served  several  years  in  both  branches  of 
the  state  legislature;  elected  as  a  Republican  to 
the  Thirty-eighth,  Thirty-ninth,  and  Fortieth 
Congresses  (March  4,  1863-March  3,  1869)  ;  died 
in  Allegheny  City,  Pa.,  June  6,  1872. 

Williams,  Thomas,  a  Representative  from 
Alabama  ;  born  in  Greenville  county,  Va.,  August 

11,  1825;   moved  to  Wetumpka,  Ala.,   in  1835; 
received   a   limited   schooling,   and   engaged    in 
planting;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar, 
and    practiced ;    member   of   the   legislature   in 
1878 ;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Forty-sixth, 
Forty-seventh,     and     Forty-eighth     Congresses 
(March  4,  1875-March  3,  1885)  ;  died  in  We- 
tumpka, Ala.,  April  13,  1903. 

Williams,  Thomas  H.,  a  Senator  from  Missis- 
sippi ;  born  in  Virginia  about  1795 ;  moved  to 
Mississippi  and  located  in  Pontotoc ;  served  in 
the  state  legislature;  appointed  and  afterwards 
elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  United  States  Sen- 
ate to  fill  the  vacancy  caused  by  the  resignation 
of  James  F.  Trotter,  and  served  from  November 

12,  1838,  to  March  3,  1839. 

Williams,  Thomas  Hill,  a  Senator  from  Mis- 
sissippi; born  in  North  Carolina  about  1730; 
completed  preparatory  studies ;  studied  law,  was 


admitted  the  bar,  and  practiced ;  register  of  the 
land  office  for  the  Territory  of  Mississippi  in 
1805 ;  collector  of  customs  at  New  Orleans ;  dele- 
gate to  the  state  constitutional  convention ; 
elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  United  States  Sen- 
ate; was  reelected,  and  served  from  October  9, 
1817,  to  March  3,  1829 ;  moved  to  Tennessee, 
where  he  died,  in  Robertson  county,  about  1840. 

Williams,  Thomas  Scott,  a  Representative 
from  Connecticut ;  born  in  Wethersfield,  Conn., 
June  26,  1777;  was  graduated  from  Yale  col- 
lege in  1794 ;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the 
bar  in  1799,  and  began  practice  in  Mansfield, 
Conn. ;  moved  to  Hartford  in  1803 ;  served  sev- 
eral terms  in  the  state  general  assembly;  elected 
to  the  Fifteenth  Congress  (March  4,  1817-March 
3,  1819)  ;  appointed  in  1829  an  associate  judge 
of  the  supreme  court  of  errors  and  of  the  su- 
perior court,  and  in  May,  1834,  appointed  chief 
justice,  holding  the  position  until  1784  ;  mayor  of 
Hartford  1831-1835;  died  in  Hartford,  Conn., 
December  15,  1861. 

Williams,  Thomas  Wheeler,  a  Representa- 
tive from  Connecticut ;  born  in  Stoniugton, 
Conn.,  September  28,  1789 ;  completed  prepara- 
tory studies ;  moved  to  New  London,  Conn.,  and 
engaged  in  business;  elected  to  the  Twenty- 
sixth  and  Twenty-seventh  Congresses  (March  4, 
1839-March  3,  1843)  ;  presidential  elector  on  the 
Taylor  and  Fillmore  ticket  in  1848;  died  in 
New  London,  Conn.,  December  31,  1874. 

Williams,  William,  a  Delegate  from  Connec- 
ticut; born  in  Lebanon,  Conn.,  April  28,  1731; 
was  graduated  from  Harvard  university  in  1751 ; 
studied  theology;  went  upon  a  military  expedi- 
tion to  Lake  George  in  1755:  was  town  clerk  of 
Lebanon  for  forty-five  years ;  a  representative 
in  the  state  assembly  for  more  than  fifty  years, 
and  speaker  several  sessions;  Delegate  in  the 
Continental  Congress  1776-1778  and  1783-1784; 
a  signer  of  the  Declaration  of  Independence: 
member  of  the  council  of  safety  during  the 
Revolution ;  became  an  assistant  councilor  in 
1780,  and  served  as  assistant  and  as  councilor 
for  twenty-four  years;  judge  of  the  county 
court  of  Windhani,  and  judge  of  probate  for  the 
Windham  district  for  forty  years;  member  of 
the  Connecticut  convention  in  1787  that  ratified 
the  Constitution  of  the  United  States;  died  in 
Lebanon,  Conn.,  August  2,  1811. 

Williams,  William,  a  Representative  from 
Indiana ;  born  in  Carlisle,  Pa.,  May  11,  1821 ; 
completed  preparatory  studies ;  studied  law,  was 
admitted  to  the  bar,  and  began  practice  in  War- 
saw, Ind. ;  treasurer  of  Kosciusko  county  in 
1850 ;  director  of  the  Michigan  City  state  prison 
in  1850 ;  served  in  the  Union  army ;  elected  as  a 
Republican  to  the  Fortieth,  Forty-first,  Forty- 
second,  and  Forty-third  Congresses  (March  4, 
1867-March3,  1875). 

Williams,  William,  a  Representative  from 
New  York ;  born  in  Bolton,  Conn.,  September  6, 
1815 ;  received  a  limited  schooling ;  engaged  in 
banking;  railroad  manager  and  president  in 
Buffalo,  N.  Y. ;  state  representative  1866-1367; 
elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Forty-second  Con- 
gress (March  4,  1871-March  3,  1873)  ;  defeated 
for  reelection;  died  in  Buffalo,  N.  Y.,  September 
30,  1876. 


B10GKAPHIES. 


1117 


Williams,  William  Brewster,  a  Representa- 
tive from  Michigan ;  born  in  Pittsford.  N.  Y., 
July  28,  1826;  completed  preparatory  studies; 
studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  prac- 
ticed; moved  to  Allegan,  Mich.,  in  1855;  elected 
judge  of  probate  in  1856  and  1860;  state  sen- 
ator 1866  and  1868;  member  of  the  constitu- 
tional convention  of  1867 ;  elected  as  a  Repub- 
lican to  the  Forty-third  Congress  to  fill  vacancy 
caused  by  the  death  of  Wilder  D.  Foster;  re- 
elected  to  the  Forty-fourth  Congress  and  served 
from  December  1,  1873,  to  March  3,  1877;  rail- 
road commissioner  of  Michigan  1877-1883;  died 
in  Allegan,  Mich.,  March  4,  1905. 

Williams,  William  Elza,  a  Representative 
from  Illinois;  born  in  Detroit,  111.,  May  4,  1857; 
attended  district  schools  and  Illinois  college, 
Jacksonville,  111. ;  studied  law,  was  admitted 
to  the  bar  in  1886,  and  practiced  in  Detroit 
and  Pittsfield,  111. ;  state  attorney  for  the  county 
of  Pike  in  1886-1892 ;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to 
the  Fifty-sixth  Congress  (March  4,  1899 -March 
3,  1901)  ;  resumed  the  practice  of  law  in  Pitts- 
field,  111. 

Williamson,  Hugh,  a  Delegate  and  a  Rep- 
resentative from  North  Carolina ;  born  in  West 
Nottingham,  Pa.,  December  5,  1735 ;  was  gradu- 
ated from  the  university  of  Pennsylvania  in 
1757 ;  studied  theology  and  was  licensed  to 
preach  in  1758,  but  on  account  of  ill  health  re- 
signed in  1760;  studied  medicine  in  the  uni- 
versity of  Edinburgh,  Scotland;  returned  to 
Philadelphia  and  practiced  until  1773;  located 
in  Fxlenton,  N.  C. ;  surgeon  general  of  North 
Carolina  troops  1779-1782;  member  of  the 
house  of  commons  of  North  Carolina  in  1782; 
Delegate  in  the  Continental  Congress  in  1782- 
1785  and  1787-1788;  delegate  in  the  convention 
which  framed  the  Federal  Constitution  in  1787 ; 
elected  as  a  Federalist  to  the  First  and  Second 
Congresses  (March  4,  1789-March  3,  1793)  ; 
moved  to  New  York  City  and  died  there  May 
22,  1819. 

Willamson,  John  Newton,  a  Representative 
from  Oregon ;  born  in  Lane  county,  Oreg.,  No- 
vember 8,  1855;  attended  the  Willamette  uni- 
versity ;  moved  to  the  eastern  part  of  the  state, 
where  he  engaged  in  the  stock  business;  sheriff 
of  Crook  county  1886-1888 ;  twice  elected  to  the 
lower  house  of  the  state  legislature;  member  of 
the  state  senate  in  1900 ;  elected  as  a  Republican 
to  the  Fifty-eighth  and  Fifty-ninth  Congresses 
(March  4,  1903-March  3,  1907)  ;  a  resident  of 
Prineville,  Oreg.,  and  engaged  in  stock  raising. 

Williamson,  William  Durkee,  a  Representa- 
tive from  Maine;  born  in  Canterbury,  Conn., 
July  31,  1779;  moved  with  his  father  to  Am- 
herst,  Mass.,  in  boyhood ;  entered  Williams  col- 
lege, but  was  graduated  from  Brown  university 
in  1804 ;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar, 
and  began  practice  in  Bangor,  Me.,  in  1807 ; 
state  attorney  for  Hancock  county  1808-1815 ; 
postmaster  of  Bangor  1810-1821 ;  state  senator 
1816-1820 ;  member  of  the  first  senate  of  Maine 
under  its  constitution  in  1820 ;  acted  as  gover- 
nor ;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Seventeenth 
Congress  (March  4,  1821-March  3,  1823)  ;  judge 
of  probate  1824-1840;  bank  commissioner  1838- 
1841 ;  died  in  Bangor,  Me.,  May  27,  1846. 


Willie,  Asa  Hoxie,  a  Representative  from 
Texas;  born  in  Washington.  Ga.,  October  11, 
1829 ;  pursued  an  academic  course ;  moved  to 
Washington  county,  Tex.,  in  1846 ;  studied  law, 
and  in  1848  was  admitted  to  the  bar ;  elected 
district  attorney  of  the  third  judicial  district 
of  Texas,  1852-1854 ;  served  in  the  Confederate 
army;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Forty-third 
Congress  (March  4,  1873-March  3,  1875)  ;  elect- 
ed chief  justice  of  the  supreme  court  of  Texas  in 
November,  1882;  died  in  Galveston,  Tex.,  March 
16,  1899. 

Willing,  Thomas,  a  Delegate  from  Pennsyl- 
A-ania ;  born  in  Philadelphia  December  19,  1731 ; 
completed  preparatory  studies  in  Bath,  England ; 
studied  law  in  London,  at  the  Temple ;  returned 
home  and  engaged  in  mercantile  pursuits  until 
1793 ;  member  of  the  common  council  in  1755 ; 
alderman  in  1759;  associate  justice  of  the  city 
court  October  2,  1759;  justice  of  the  court  of 
common  pleas  February  28,  1761 ;  mayor  of 
Philadelphia  in  1763 ;  associate  justice  of  the 
supreme  court  of  Pennsylvania  1767-1774 ;  mem- 
ber of  the  committee  of  correspondence  in  1774, 
and  of  the  committee  of  safety  in  1775 ;  member 
of  the  Colonial  house  of  representatives ;  Dele- 
gate in  the  Continental  Congress  1775-1776 ; 
president  of  the  Bank  of  North  America ;  died  in 
Philadelphia,  Pa.,  January  19,  1821. 

Willis,  Albert  Shelby,  a  Representative  from 
Kentucky;  born  in  Shelby  county,  Ky.,  January 
22,  1843 ;  attended  the  common  schools  and  was 
graduated  from  the  Louisville  male  high  school 
in  1860 ;  taught  school  for  four  years ;  studied 
law  and  was  graduated  from  the  Louisville  law 
school  in  1866,  and  practiced  in  Louisville ;  Dem- 
ocratic elector  in  1872;  attorney  for  Jefferson 
county  in  1874;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the 
Forty-fifth  and  to  the  four  succeeding  Con- 
gresses (March  4,  1877-March  3,  1887)  ;  ap- 
pointed Minister  to  Hawaii  by  President  Cleve- 
land, and  died  in  Honolulu,  Hawaii,  January  6, 
1897. 

Willis,  Benjamin  A.,  a  Representative  from 
New  York;  born  in  Roslyn,  N.  Y.,  March  24, 
1840;  was  graduated  from  Union  college  in 
1861;  studied  law  and  in  1861  was  admitted  to 
the  bar ;  entered  the  Union  army ;  captain  and 
subsequently  colonel  of  the  twelfth  regiment  of 
New  York  state  volunteers;  elected  as  a  Demo- 
crat to  the  Forty-fourth  and  Forty-fifth  Con- 
gresses (March  4.  1875-March  3,  1879)  ;  died  in 
New  York  City  October  15,  1886. 

Willis,  Francis,  a  Representative  from  Geor- 
gia ;  born  in  Frederick  county,  Va.,  January  5, 
3725;  completed  preparatory  studies ;  elected  to 
the  Second  Congress  (March  4,  1791-March  3, 
1793)  ;  moved  to  Maury  county,  Tenn.,  where 
he  died  January  25.  1829. 

Willis,  Jonathan  Spencer,  a  Representative 
from  Delaware;  born  in  Oxford,  Talbot  county, 
Md.,  April  5,  1830 ;  attended  the  district  schools 
and  studied  under  private  tutors;  taught  school 
seven  years,  and  then  entered  the  ministry  of 
the  Methodist  Episcopal  church ;  served  charges 
in  Maryland,  Delaware,  Philadelphia,  New  York 
City,  and  Stamford,  Conn. ;  retired  from  the 
ministry  in  1884  and  settled  on  a  farm  near  Mil- 
ford,  Del.,  and  engaged  in  fruit  growing;  de- 
feated as  the  Republican  candidate  for  the  Fifty- 


1118 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 


tbird  Congress;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  tbe 
Fifty-fourth  Congress  <jVIarch  4,  1895-March  3, 
3897)  ;  died  in  Milford,  Del.,  November  24,  1903. 

Willits,  Edwin,  a  Representative  from  Michi- 
gan; born  in  Otto,  Cattaraugus  county.  N.  Y., 
April  24,  1830 ;  Amoved  to  Michigan  in  September, 
1836;  was  graduated  from  Michigan  university 
in  June,  1855 ;  located  in  Monroe,  Mich.,  in 
April,  1856;  studied  law,  and  was  admitted  to 
the  bar  in  December,  1857,  and  practiced  in  Mon- 
roe; prosecuting  attorney  of  Monroe  county 
1860-1862 ;  member  of  the  state  board  of  educa- 
tion 1860-1872;  member  of  the  commission 
to  revise  the  constitution  of  the  state  in  1873 ; 
appointed  postmaster  of  Monroe  January  1, 1863, 
by  Abraham  Lincoln,  and  removed  by  Andrew 
Johnson  October  15,  1866 ;  editor  of  the  Monroe 
Commercial  1856-1861 ;  elected  as  a  Republican 
to  the  Forty-fifth,  Forty-sixth,  and  Forty-seventh 
Congresses  (March 4, 1877-March  3, 1883)  ;  presi- 
dent Michigan  agricultural  college  1885-1889; 
first  assistant  Secretary  of  Agriculture  under 
Secretaries  Rust  and  Morton;  practiced  law  in 
Washington,  D.  C.,  1889-1896;  died  in  Washing- 
ton, D.  C.,  October  22,  1896. 

Willoughby,  Westel,  a  Representative  from 
New  York,  was  elected  to  the  Fourteenth  Con- 
gress and  was  seated  after  a  contest  with  Wil- 
liam Smith,  Democrat,  December  3,  1815,  and 
served  until  March  3,  1817. 

Wilmot,  David,  a  Representative  and  a  Sen- 
ator from  Pennsylvania ;  born  in  Bethany,  Pa., 
January  20,  1814 ;  completed  preparatory  stud- 
ies in  the  academy  of  Aurora,  N.  Y. ;  studied 
law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  Wilkes-Barre, 
Pa.,  in  1834,  and  began  practicing  in  Towanda, 
Pa. ;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Twenty-ninth, 
Thirtieth,  and  Thirty-first  Congresses  (March  4, 
1845-March  3,  1851)  ;  was  the  author  of  the 
"  Wilmot  proviso,"  relative  to  slavery  in  newly 
annexed  territory ;  supported  the  Free- Soil 
ticket  in  1848  and  became  a  Republican  in  1854 ; 
presiding  judge  of  the  thirteenth  judicial  dis- 
trict 1853-1861;  delegate  to  the  national  Re- 
publican conventions  of  1856  and  1860;  defeated 
for  governor  of  Pennsylvania  on  the  Republican 
ticket  in  1857 ;  delegate  in  the  national  Repub- 
lican convention  in  Chicago  in  1860;  elected  as 
a  Republican  to  the  United  States  Senate,  to  fill 
vacancy  caused  by  the  resignation  of  Simon 
Cameron,  and  served  from  March  14,  1861,  to 
March  3,  1863;  appointed  judge  of  the  United 
States  Court  of  Claims  in  1863;  died  in  To- 
wanda, Pa.,  March  16,  1868. 

Wilshire,  William  Wallace,  a  Representative 
from  Arkansas ;  born  in  Shawneetown,  111.,  Sep- 
tember 8,  1830 ;  attended  the  common  schools ; 
studied  law,  was  admited  to  the  bar,  and  in 
1859  began  practice;  entered  the  Union  army  in 
1862  as  major  of  the  one  hundred  and  twenty- 
sixth  Illinois  infantry  and  served  from  July  16, 
1862,  to  July  16,  1864 ;  after  the  war  located  in 
Little  Rock,  Ark. ;  resumed  the  practice  of  law : 
appointed  in  1867  solicitor  general  of  the  state; 
chief  justice  of  the  supreme  court  1868-1871 ; 
presented  credentials  as  a  Republican  member- 
elect  of  the  Forty-third  Congress,  and  served 
from  March  4,  1873,  to  June  16,  1874,  when  he 
was  succeeded  by  Thomas  M.  Gunter,  who  con- 
tested his  election;  reelected  as  a  Conservative 


to  the  Forty-fourth  Congress  (March  4,  1875- 
March  3,  1877)  ;  died  in  Washington,  D.  C.,  Au- 
gust 19,  1888. 

Wilson,  Alexander,  a  Representative  from 
Virginia ;  native  of  Virginia ;  completed  prepar- 
atory studies ;  member  of  the  state  legislature : 
elected  to  the  Eighth,  Ninth,  and  Tenth  Con- 
gresses (March  4,  1803-March  3,  1809). 

Wilson,  Benjamin,  a  Representative  from 
West  Virginia ;  born  in  Harrison  county,  Va. 
(now  West  Virginia),  April  30,  1825;  attended 
the  Northwestern  Virginia  academy  at  Clarks- 
burg and  the  law  school  in  Staunton,  Va. ;  was 
admitted  to  the  bar  in  1848  and  practiced;  com- 
monwealth attorney  for  Harrison  county  1852- 
1860;  member  of  the  state  constitutional  con- 
vention in  1861 ;  presidential  elector  on  the 
Democratic  ticket  in  1868 ;  member  of  the  state 
constitutional  convention  of  West  Virginia  in 
1871 ;  delegate  to  the  national  Democratic  con- 
vention in  Baltimore  in  1872;  elected  as  a  Dem- 
ocrat to  the  Forty-fourth,  Forty-fifth,  Forty- 
sixth,  and  Forty-seventh  Congresses  (March  4, 
1875-March  3,  1883)  ;  assistant  attorney  gen- 
eral 1885-1893;  died  in  Clarksburg,  W.  Va., 
April  26,  1901. 

Wilson,  Edgar,  a  Representative  from  Idaho ; 
born  in  Armstrong  county,  Pa.,  February  25, 
1861 ;  attended  Michigan  university,  Ann  Ar- 
bor, Mich.,  for  three  years  and  was  graduated 
from  the  law  department  in  1884 ;  went  to  Idaho 
the  same  year  and  located  in  Boise  City  and 
practiced;  elected  city  attorney  of  Boise  City  in 
1887  and  district  attorney  in  1888;  member  of 
the  constitutional  convention  that  framed  the 
state  constitution  in  1890;  elected  as  a  Repub- 
lican to  the  Fifty-fourth  Congress  (March  4, 
1895-March  3,  1897)  ;  reelected  as  a  silver  Re- 
publican, with  the  indorsement  of  the  Demo- 
cratic party,  to  the  Fifty-sixth  Congress  (March 
4,  1899-March  3,  1901 )  ;  resumed  the  practice 
of  law  in  Boise  City,  Idaho. 

Wilson,  Edgar  Campbell,  a  Representative 
from  Virginia;  born  in  Morgantown,  Va.,  Oc- 
tober 18,  1800;  completed  preparatory  studies; 
studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar  June  24, 
1822,  and  practiced  in  Morgantown ;  elected  as  a 
Whig  to  the  Twenty-third  Congress  (March  4, 
1833-March  3,  1835)  ;  died  in  Morgantown,  Va., 
April  24,  1860. 

Wilson,  Ephraim  King,  a  Representative 
from  Maryland;  born  in  Somerset  county,  Md., 
September  15,  1771 ;  received  instruction  in  pri- 
vate schools,  and  was  graduated  from  Princeton 
in  1790;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar, 
and  practiced  for  several  years  in  Maryland ; 
a  presidential  elector  in  1804 ;  was  elected  to 
the  Twentieth  and  Twenty-first  Congresses 
(March  4,  1827-March  3,  1831)  ;  died  in  Snow 
Hill,  Md.,  January  2,  1834. 

Wilson,  Ephraim  King,  a  Representative 
and  Senator  from  Maryland ;  born  in  Snow 
Hill,  Md.,  December  22,  1821;  attended  Union 
academy,  Snow  Hill,  and  Washington  academy, 
Princess  Anne,  Md.,  and  was  graduated  from 
Jefferson  college,  Pennsylvania,  in  1841 ;  stud- 
ied law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  prac- 
ticed twenty  years  in  Worcester  and  Somer- 
set counties ;  member  of  the  state  house  of 
delegates  in  1847 ;  elector  for  Pierce  and  King 
in  1852;  elected  to  the  Forty-third  Congress 


BIOGRAPHIES. 


1119 


(March  4,  1873-March  3,  1875):  judge  of  the 
first  judicial  circuit  of  Maryalnd  1878-1884; 
elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  United  States 
Senate,  and  reelected  for  the  term  March  4, 
1891-March  3,  1897,  and  served  from  March  4, 
1885,  until  his  death  in  Washington,  D.  C., 
February  24,  1891. 

Wilson,  Eugene  McClanahan,  a  Representa- 
tive from  Minnesota ;  born  in  Morgan  county, 
Va.,  December  25,  1833 ;  was  graduated  from 
Jefferson  college  in  1852;  studied  law,  was  ad- 
mitted to  the  bar,  and  began  practice  in  Min- 
neapolis, Minn.,  in  1855 ;  United  States  attor- 
ney for  the  district  of  Minnesota  1857-1861; 
served  in  the  Union  army  as  captain ;  elected 
as  a  Democrat  to  the  Forty-first  Congress 
(March  4,  1869-March  3,  1871)  ;  died  in  Nassau, 
New  Providence,  April  10,  1890. 

Wilson,  Frank  Eugene,  a  Representative 
from  New  York ;  born  in  Roxbury,  Delaware 
county,  N.  Y.,  December  22,  1857;  attended  the 
public  schools  and  Poughkeepsie  military 
school ;  was  graduated  from  the  Jefferson  medi- 
cal college,  Philadelphia,  Pa.,  in  1882 ;  prac- 
ticed in  Pleasant  Valley,  Dutchess  county,  N.  Y., 
until  April,  1888;  removed  to  Brooklyn,  N.  Y., 
in  1888,  and  continued  the  practice  of  medi- 
cine; senior  physician,  a  director  and  member 
of  the  board  of  governors  of  the  Bushwick 
hospital,  and  visiting  physician  to  the  Swedish 
hospital,  both  of  Brooklyn,  N.  Y. ;  elected  as  a 
Democrat  to  the  Fifty-sixth,  Fifty-seventh,  and 
Fifty -eighth  Congresses  (March  4,  1899-March 
3,  1905).  Reelected  to  the  Sixty-second  Con- 
gress. 

Wilson,  Francis  Henry,  a  Representative 
from  New  York ;  born  in  Westmoreland,  Oneida 
county,  N.  Y.,  February  11,  1844 ;  lived  first 
ten  years  in  Utica,  N.  Y.,  and  then  moved  with 
parents  to  the  Westmoreland  farm ;  attended 
district  school,  Dwight's  preparatory  school, 
Clinton,  N.  Y.,  and  was  graduated  from  Yale 
college  in  1867 ;  taught  in  a  preparatory  school 
four  years;  was  graduated  from  the  Columbia 
college  law  school  and  began  practice  in  New 
York  city;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Fifty- 
fourth  and  Fifty-fifth  Congresses  and  served 
from  March  4,  1895,  to  September  30,  1897, 
when  he  resigned  to  accept  the  postmastership 
of  Brooklyn,  N.  Y. ;  died  in  Brooklyn,  N.  Y., 
September  25,  1910. 

Wilson,  George  W.,  a  Representative  from 
Ohio ;  born  in  Brighton,  Clark  county,  Ohio,  Feb- 
ruary 22,  1840;  attended  common  school  and 
Antioch  college,  Yellow  Springs,  Ohio ;  enlisted 
in  the  ninety-fourth  regiment  Ohio  volunteer  in- 
fantry August  8,  1862 ;  commissioned  second 
and  afterwards  first  lieutenant ;  first  lieutenant 
in  the  first  regiment  of  United  States  veteran 
volunteer  engineers  July  2, 1864,  and  afterwards 
captain;  mustered  out  October  1,  1865;  studied 
law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar  August  7,  1866,  and 
practiced  in  London,  Ohio;  prosecuting  attorney 
of  Madison  county,  1866-1870;  member  of  house 
of  representatives  of  the  general  assembly  1871 
and  member  of  the  senate  in  1877 ;  elected  as  a 
Republican  to  the  Fifty-third  and  Fifty-fourth 
( Congresses  (March  4,  1893-March  3,  1897)  ;  re- 
sumed the  practice  of  law  in  London,  Ohio. 


Wilson,  Henry,  a  Representative  from  Penn- 
sylvania ;  born  in  Dauphin  county.  Pa.,  in  1778 ; 
completed  preparatory  studies ;  studied  law  in 
Harrisburg,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  prac- 
ticed in  Allentown,  Pa. ;  prothonotary  and  clerk 
of  Lehigh  county  courts  1815-1821 ;  elected  to 
the  Eighteenth  and  Nineteenth  Congresses  and 
served  from  March  4,  1823,  until  his  death  in 
Alleatown,  Pa.,  August  13,  1826. 

Wilson,  Henry,  a  Senator  from  Massachu- 
setts; born  in  Farmington,  N.  H.,  February  16, 
1812;  his  parents'  name  was  Colbath,  and  his 
name  was  Jeremiah  Jones  Colbath  until  he  was 
seventeen  years  of  age,  when  he  had  it  changed 
by  the  legislature  to  Henry  Wilson;  pursued  an 
academic  course;  located  in  Natick,  Mass.,  in 
1833,  and  learned  the  shoemaker's  trade;  trav- 
eled in  the  South  in  1836 ;  returned  and  attended 
the  Straft'ord,  N.  H.,  academy,  and  academies  in 
Wolfsboro  and  Concord,  N.  H.,  until  1837 ;  taught 
school  in  Natick,  Mass.,  and  later  engaged  in  the 
manufacture  of  shoes ;  member  of  the  state  house 
of  representatives  1841-1842 ;  of  the  state  senate 
1844,  1845,  1846,  1850,  1851,  and  1852,  and  presi- 
dent of  the  senate  two  years;  delegate  to  the 
national  Whig  convention  in  Philadelphia  in 
1848  and  withdrew ;  delegate  to  the  Free  Soil 
national  convention  in  Pittsburg  in  1851  and  its 
president ;  defeated  in  1852  as  the  Free  Soil  can- 
didate for  Congress ;  delegate  to  the  constitu- 
tional convention  of  1853 ;  defeated  as  the  Free 
Soil  candidate  for  governor ;  elected  to  the 
United  States  Senate  by  a  coalition  of  Free  Soil- 
ers,  Americans,  and  Democrats,  to  fill  vacancy 
caused  by  the  resignation  of  Edward  Everett; 
three  times  reelected  and  served  from  January 
31 .  1855,  to  March  3,  1873,  when  he  resigned ;  in 
1861  he  raised,  and  commanded  for  a  time,  the 
twenty-second  regiment  Massachusetts  volun- 
teers ;  elected  Vice-President  of  the  United  States 
in  1872 ;  died  in  the  Capitol  iu  Washington,  D.  C., 
November  22,  1875. 

Wilson,  Isaac,  a  Represetnative  from  New 
York;  born  in  Middlebury,  Vt,  June  25,  1780; 
served  in  the  war  of  1812  as  captain  of  cav- 
alry ;  located  in  Genesee  county,  N.  Y. ;  member 
of  the  state  house  of  representatives  1816-1817 
and  the  state  senate  1818-1821 ;  presented  cre- 
dentials as  a  Member-elect  of  the  Eighteenth 
Congress  and  served  from  March  4.  1823,  to 
January  7,  1824,  when  he  was  succeeded  by 
Parmenio  Adams,  who  contested  his  election; 
judge  of  Genesee  county  court  for  several  years ; 
moved  to  Batavia,  111.,  where  he  died  October 
25,  1848. 

Wilson,  James,  a  Delegate  from  Pennsylva- 
nia ;  born  near  St.  Andrews,  Scotland,  Septem- 
ber 14,  1742 ;  attended  the  universities  of  Glas- 
gow, Edinburgh,  and  St.  Andrews,  Scotland ; 
emigrated  to  the  United  States  in  1763 ;  resided 
in  New  York  City  until  1766,  when  he  located 
in  Philadelphia ;  studied  law  and  was  admitted 
to  the  bar  in  1767;  practiced  in  Reading  and 
Carlisle,  Pa.,  and  in  Annapolis,  Md.,  and  located 
in  practice  in  Philadelphia  in  1775;  active  in 
pre-Revolutionary  movements;  Delegate  to  the 
Continental  Congress  1775-1778,  1782-1783,  and 
1785-1787;  a  signer  of  the  Declaration  of  Inde- 
pendence; delegate  from  Pennsylvania  in  the 
convention  which  framed  the  Federal  Constitu- 
tion, also  a  delegate  to  the  state  convention 
which  adopted  it ;  associate  justice  of  the  United 


1120 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 


States  Supreme  Court  1789-1798;  professor  of 
law  in  the  university  of  Pennsylvania  in  1790; 
died  in  Edenton,  N.  C.,  August  21,  1798. 

Wilson,  James,  a  Representative  from  New 
Hampshire;  born  in  Petersboro,  N.  H.,  August 
16,  1766;  was  graduated  from  Harvard  college 
in  1789;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar, 
and  began  practice  in  Keene,  N.  H. ;  was  a  mem- 
ber of  the  state  legislature  several  terms ;  elected 
as  a  Federalist  to  the  Eleventh  Congress  (March 
4.  1809-March  3,  1811)  ;  died  in  Keene,  N.  H., 
January  4,  1839. 

Wilson,  James,  a  Representative  from  Penn- 
sylvania ;  born  in  Fairfleld,  Pa.,  April  28,  1779 ; 
attended  public  schools;  learned  the  trade  of  a 
cabinet  maker ;  justice  of  the  peace  1811-1822 ; 
elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Eighteenth,  Nine- 
teenth, and  Twentieth  Congresses  (March  4, 
1823-March  3,  1829)  ;  again  a  justice  of  the 
peace  1830-1859;  died  in  Gettysburg,  Pa.,  July 
19,  1868. 

Wilson,  James,  a  Representative  from  New 
Hampshire ;  born  in  Petersboro,  N.  H.,  March 
18,  1797 ;  was  graduated  from  Middlebury  col- 
lege in  1820;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the 
bar.  and  began  practice  in  Keene,  N.  H. ;  served 
several  terms  in  the  state  house  of  representa- 
tives, and  speaker  in  1828 ;  elected  as  a  Whig 
to  the  Thirtieth  and  Thirty-first  Congresses  and 
served  from  March  4,  1847,  to  September  9, 
1850,  when  he  resigned ;  moved  to  California ; 
died  in  Keene,  N.  H.,  May  29,  1881. 

Wilson,  James,  a  Representative  from  Indi- 
ana ;  born  in  Crawfordsville,  Ind.,  April  9, 1822 ; 
was  graduated  from  Wabash  college  in  1842 ; 
studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  in 
1845  began  practice  in  Crawfordsville.  Ind. ; 
served  in  the  Mexican  war;  elected  as  a  Repub- 
lican to  the  Thirty-fifth  and  Thirty-sixth  Con- 
gresses (March  4,  1857-March  3,  1861)  ;  minis- 
ter to  Venezuela  1866  until  his  death,  in  Caracas, 
Venezuela,  August  8,  1867 ;  interment  in  Craw- 
fordsville, Ind. 

Wilson,  James,  a  Representative  from  Iowa ; 
born  in  Ayrshire,  Scotland,  August  16.  1835; 
came  with  parents  to  the  United  States  in  1852, 
and  located  in  Norwich,  Conn. ;  went  to  Iowa  in 
1855,  located  in  Traer,  Tama  county,  where  he 
attended  the  public  schools,  Iowa  college,  and 
later  engaged  in  farming;  elected  to  the  state 
legislature  in  1861  and  served  in  the  twelfth, 
thirteenth,  and  fourteenth'  general  assemblies; 
was  speaker  of  the  house  in  the  last-named  as- 
sembly ;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Forty- 
third  and  Forty-fourth  Congresses  (March  4, 
1873-March  3,  1877)  ;  presented  credentials  as 
the  Member-elect  of  the  Forty-eighth  Congress 
and  served  until  the  closing  day,  March  3,  1885, 
when  the  House  declared  Benjamin  T.  Frederick, 
contestant,  entitled  to  the  seat ;  in  the  interim 
between  the  Forty-fourth  and  Forty-eighth  Con- 
gresses served  as  a  member  of  he  Iowa  railway 
commission ;  regent  of  the  state  university  1870- 
1874 ;  director  of  the  agricultural  experiment 
station  and  professor  of  agriculture  in  the  Iowa 
agricultural  college  at  Ames  1891-1897 ;  ap- 
pointed Secretary  of  Agriculture  March  5,  1897, 
and  reappointed  in  1901,  1905,  and  1909. 

Wilson,  James  Falconer,  a  Representative 
and  a  Senator  From  Iowa ;  born  in  Newark. 
Ohio,  October  19,  1828;  pursued  an  academic 


course;  apprenticed  to  the  harness-maker's  trade 
1841-1850;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar 
in  1851,  and  practiced  in  Newark,  Ohio,  1851- 
1853;  moved  to  Fairfield,  Iowa,  in  1853,  and 
coninued  in  practice;  member  of  the  constitu- 
tional convention  of  Iowa  in  1856 ;  member  of 
the  state  legislature  in  1857,  1859,  and  1861, 
serving  the  last  year  as  president  of  the  senate ; 
elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Thirty-seventh  Con- 
gress, to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  the  resignation 
of  Samuel  R.  Curtis;  reelected  to  the  Thirty- 
eighth,  Thirty-ninth,  and  Fortieth  Congresses, 
and  served  from  December  2,  1861,  to  March  3, 
1869;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  United 
States  Senate,  and  reelected,  and  served  from 
March  4,  1883,  to  March  3,  1895;  died  in  Fair- 
field,  Iowa,  April  22,  1895. 

Wilson,  James  Jefferson,  a  Senator  from 
New  Jersey ;  born  in  Essex  county,  N.  J.,  in 
1775 ;  attended  common  schools ;  was  clerk  in 
the  New  Jersey  general  assembly ;  member  of 
the  assembly  1809-1811,  and  1822 ;  adjutant  gen- 
eral of  the  state  1810-1812,  and  1814 ;  served  as 
captain  of  a  New  Jersey  company  of  infantry  in 
the  War  of  1812-1814;  elected  as  a  Democrat 
to  the  United  States  Senate,  and  served  from 
March  4,  1815,  to  January  8,  1821,  when  he  re- 
signed ;  postmaster  of  Trenton,  N.  J.,  1821-1825 ; 
editor  of  the  True  American  of  Trenton  for  sev- 
eral years ;  seriously  injured  by  a  fall  from  a 
window  of  his  house  in  December,  1822 ;  died  in 
Trenton,  N.  J.,  July  28,  1824. 

Wilson,  Jeremiah.  Morrow,  a  Representative 
from  Indiana ;  born  near  Lebanon,  Warren 
county,  Ohio,  November  25,  1828 ;  completed  pre- 
paratory studies;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to 
the  bar,  and  practiced ;  moved  to  Indiana ;  judge 
of  the  court  of  common  pleas  1860-1865 :  judge 
of  the  circuit  court  in  October,  1865 ;  elected  as 
a  Republican  to  the  Forty-second  and  Forty- 
third  Congresses  (March  4, 1871-March  3, 1875)  ; 
practiced  law  in  Washington,  D.  C.,  where  he 
died  September  24,  1901. 

Wilson,  John,  a  Representative  from  Massa- 
chusetts; born  in  Petersboro,  N.  H.,  January  10, 
1777 ;  was  graduated  from  Harvard  college  in 
1799 ;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and 
began  practice  in  Belfast,  Me. ;  elected  as  a  Fed- 
eralist to  the  Thirteenth  Congress  (March  4, 
1813-March  3,  1815)  ;  reelected  to  the  Fifteenth 
Congress  (March  4,  1817-March  3,  1819)  ;  died 
in  Belfast,  Me.,  August  9,  1848. 

Wilson,  John,  a  Representative  from  South 
Carolina ;  native  of  South  Carolina ;  completed 
preparatory  studies;  located  in  Golden  Grove; 
elected  to  the  Seventeeth,  Eighteenth,  and  Nine- 
teenth Congresses  (March  4,  1821-March  3, 
IS27)  ;  defeated  for  reelection. 

Wilson,  John  Frank,  a  Delegate  from  Arizona 
territory ;  born  in  Giles  county,  Tenn.,  May  7. 
1846 ;  attended  school  in  Rhuhania,  Ala. ;  studied 
law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  practiced; 
moved  from  Alabama  to  Arkansas  in  1866 ;  mem- 
ber of  the  legislature  1877-1878;  prosecuting  at- 
torney for  the  fourth  judicial  district  1884,  1885, 
and  1886 ;  moved  in  1887  to  the  territory  of  Ari- 
zona ;  elected  to  the  constitutional  convention 
called  by  the  legislature  for  the  year  1891;  ap- 
pointed attorney-general  for  the  territory  by 
Governor  Franklin  in  1896.  and  served  in  1896 
and  1897 ;  elected  as  a  Democrat  a  Delegate  to 


BIOGRAPHIES. 


1121 


the  Fifty-sixth  and  Fifty-eighth  Congresses 
(March  4,  1899-March  3,  1901);  died  in  Pres- 
cott,  Ariz.,  April  7,  1911. 

Wilson,  John  Henry,  a  Representative  from 
Kentucky  ;  born  in  Crab  Orchard,  Lincoln  county, 
Ky.,  January  30,  1840 ;  was  graduated  from  Tus- 
culum  college,  Tennessee,  June,  1870;  studied 
law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  September, 
1S71,  and  practiced  in  Barboursville,  Ky. ;  elected 
to  the  state  senate  in  August,  1883,  for  a  term  of 
four  years ;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Fifty- 
first  and  Fifty-second  Congresses  (March  4, 
1889-March  3,  1893)  ;  resumed  the  pracitce  of 
law  in  Barboursville,  Ky. 

Wilson,  John  Lockwood,  a  Representative 
and  a  Senator  from  Washington ;  born  in  Craw- 
fordsville,  Ind.,  August  7,  1850;  attended  the 
common  schools  and  was  graduated  from  Wa- 
bash  college  in  1874;  studied  law,  was  admitted 
to  the  bar,  and  began  practice  in  Crawfordsville, 
Ind. ;  elected  a  representative  to  the  state  legis- 
lature in  1880;  appointed  by  President  Arthur 
receiver  of  public  moneys  at  Spokane  Falls,  and 
served  four  years  and  four  months;  elected  as 
a  Republican  to  the  Fifty-first  Congress  upon 
the  admission  of  the  state  into  the  Union;  re- 
elected  to  the  Fifty-second  and  Fifty-third  Con- 
gresses and  served  from  December  2,  1889,  to 
February  18,  1895,  when  he  resigned ;  elected  to 
the  United  States  Senate,  and  served  from 
February  1,  1895,  to  March  3,  1899;  engaged  in 
the  publication  of  a  daily  newspaper  in  Seattle, 
Wash. ;  died  in  Washington,  D.  C.,  November  6, 
1912;  interment  in  Crawfordsville,  Ind. 

Wilson,  John  Thomas,  a  Representative  from 
Ohio ;  born  in  Bell,  Highland  county,  Ohio,  April 
16,  1811;  received  a  limited  schooling  and  be- 
came a  merchant;  later  engaged  in  farming; 
captain  in  the  Union  army;  state  senator  1863- 
3806;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Fortieth, 
Firty-first,  and  Forty-second  Congresses  (March 
4,  1867-March  3,  1873)  ;  died  in  Tranquillity, 
Ohio,  Oct.  6,  1891. 

Wilson,  Nathan,  a  Representative  from  New 
York;  native  of  Washington  county,  N.  Y.,  and 
resided  many  years  in  Salem ;  elected  to  the 
Tenth  Congress,  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  the 
resignation  of  David  Thomas,  and  served  from 
November  7,  1808,  to  March  3,  1809. 

Wilson,  Robert,  a  Senator  from  Missouri ; 
was  appointed  as  a  Unionist  to  the  United  States 
Senate,  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  the  expulsion 
of  Waldo  P.  Johnson  (January  10,  1862),  and 
served  from  January  17,  1862,  to  November  13, 
1863. 

Wilson,  Robert  Patterson  Clark,  a  Repre- 
sentative from  Missouri ;  born  in  Boonville, 
Cooper  county,  Mo.,  August  8,  1834 ;  moved  with 
parents  to  Platte  county ;  attended  William  Jew- 
ell college,  Liberty,  Mo.,  and  was  graduated 
from  Center  college,  Danville,  Ky.,  in  1853; 
studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1854. 
and  began  practice  in  Seguin,  Tex.,  in  1855 ;  re- 
turned to  Missouri  in  1858  and  moved  to  Leaven- 
worth,  Kans.,  in  1860;  one  of  the  Democratic 
members  of  the  house  of  representatives  from 
Leavenworth  county  in  the  first  general  assem- 
bly of  Kansas ;  returned  to  Missouri  in  1861 ; 
member  of  the  general  assembly  and  speaker  of 
the  house,  1871-1872;  elector  for  Greeley  and 
Brown  in  1872,  but  on  the  death  of  Greeley  cast 

50346°— S.  Doc.  654,  61-2 71 


his  vote  for  Hendricks,  of  Indiana ;  state  sena- 
tor, 1876-1880;  delegate  in  the  Democratic  na- 
tional convention  in  St.  Louis  in  1888;  president 
of  the  school  board  of  Platte  City,  Mo. ;  elected 
as  a  Democrat  to  the  Fifty-first  Congress,  to  fill 
vacancy  caused  by  the  death  of  James  N. 
Burnes;  reelected  to  the  Fifty-second  Congress 
and  served  from  December  2,  1889,  to  March  3, 
1893 ;  resumed  the  practice  of  law  in  Platte 
City,  Mo. 

Wilson,  Stanyarne,  a  Representative  from 
South  Carolina;  born  in  Yorkville,  S.  C.,  Janu- 
ary 10,  1859 ;  attended  Kings  Mountain  military 
school  and  Washington  and  Lee  university,  Vir- 
ginia ;  studied  law  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar 
by  act  of  the  legislature  in  1880,  then  being  a 
minor ;  located  in  Spartanburg,  S.  C.,  in  1881 ; 
practiced  law  and  became  interested  in  cotton 
manufactures,  gold  mining,  iron  works,  and  agri- 
culture ;  member  of  the  state  legislature  in  1884 
and  1890  and  the  state  senate  in  1892;  elected 
as  a  Democrat  to  the  Fifty-fourth,  Fifty-fifth, 
and  Fifty-sixth  Congresses  (March  4,  1895- 
March  3,  1901)  ;  resumed  the  practice  of  law  in 
Spartanburg,  S.  C. 

Wilson,  Stephen  Fowler,  a  Representative 
from  Pennsylvania ;  born  in  Columbia,  Pa.,  Sep- 
tember 4,  1821;  completed  preparatory  studies; 
studied  law  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar ;  held 
several  local  offices;  state  senator  1863-1865; 
served  one  session  after  he  had  been  elected  a 
Representative  to  Congress;  delegate  to  the  Re- 
publican national  convention  in  Baltimore  in 
1864;  elected  to  the  Thirty-ninth  and  Fortieth 
Congresses  (March  4,  1865-March  3,  1869)  ;  ap- 
pointed additional  judge  of  the  fourth  judicial 
district  of  Pennsylvania  in  1871,  to  fill  vacancy ; 
elected  additional  judge  and  served  ten  years; 
appointed  associate  justice  of  the  supreme  court 
of  New  Mexico  by  President  Arthur  in  1884 ; 
appointed  president  judge  of  the  fourth  judicial 
district  of  Pennsylvania  in  1887  and  served  two 
years;  resumed  the  practice  of  law  in  Wells- 
boro,  Pa.,  and  died  there  March  31,  1897. 

Wilson,  Thomas,  a  Representative  from  Vir- 
ginia ;  born  in  Rockbridge  county,  Va.,  Septem- 
ber 11,  1765 ;  studied  law  in  Staunton,  Va. ;  was 
admitted  to  the  bar  in  Morgantown,  Va.,  Sep- 
tember 21,  1789 ;  member  of  the  state  house  of 
representatives;  elected  as  a  Federalist  to  the 
Twelfth  Congress  (March  4,  1811-March  3, 
1813)  ;  died  in  Morgantown,  Va.,  January  24, 
1826. 

Wilson,  Thomas,  a  Representative  from  Penn- 
sylvania ;  born  near  Sunbury,  Northumberland 
county,  Pa.,  in  1772;  attended  common  schools: 
located  in  business  in  Erie,  Pa.,  in  1805;  "built 
vessels  for  commerce  on  the  great  lakes;  held 
several  offices,  among  them  county  treasurer, 
justice  of  the  peace,  and  member  of  the  state 
legislature ;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Thir- 
teenth and  Fourteenth  Congresses  (March  4 
1813-March  3,  1817)  ;  died  in  Erie,  Pa.,  October 
4,  1824. 

Wilson,  Thomas,  a  Representative  from  Min- 
nesota ;  born  in  Dungannon,  county  Tyrone, 
Ireland,  May  16,  1827;  attended  the  common 
schools ;  came  with  parents  to  the  United  States 
in  1839,  and  located  in  Pennsylvania  ;  graduated 
from  Allegheny  College,  Pennsylvania,  in  1852; 
studied  law,  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in 
February,  1855;  moved  to  Winona,  Minn.,  in 


1122 


CONGRESSIONAL   DIRECTORY. 


April,  1855  ;  district  judge  1857-1864  ;  appointed 
associate  justice  of  the  supreme  court  of  Minne- 
sota ;  elected  chief  justice  in  1864,  and  held  the 
office  until  July,  1869,  when  he  resigned;  fol- 
lowed the  practice  of  law  ;  elected  a  member  of 
the  state  house  of  representatives  in  1880  ;  state 
senator  1882-1885  ;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the 
Fiftieth  Congress  (March  4,  1887-March  3,  1889)  ; 
defeated  as  the  Democratic  candidate  for  gov- 
ernor in  1890;  delegate  in  Democratic  national 
convention  of  1892;  died  in  St.  Paul,  Minn., 
April  13,  1910. 

Wilson,  William,  a  Representative  from  Penn- 
sylvania; was  elected  to  the  Fourteenth  and 
Fifteenth  Congresses  (March  4,  1815-March  3, 


Wilson,  William,  a  Representative  from  Ohio  ; 
born  in  Hillsboro  county,  N.  H.  ;  attended  the 
public  schools  ;  moved  to  Ohio  ;  elected  to  the 
Eighteenth  and  Nineteenth  Congresses  (March 
4,  1823-March  3,  1827)  ;  died  in  Newark,  Ohio, 
May  29,  1827. 

Wilson,  William  Bauchop,  a  Representative 
from  Pennsylvania  ;  born  in  Blantyre,  Scotland, 
April  2,  1862;  came  to  this  country  with  his 
parents  in  1870  and  settled  in  Arnot,  Tioga 
county,  Pa.  ;  began  working  hi  the  coal  mines 
in  March,  1871  ;  international  secretary-treas- 
urer of  the  United  Mine  Workers  of  America 
from  1900  until  1907;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to 
the  Sixtieth  and  Sixty-first  Congresses  (March 
4,  1907-March  3,  1911).  Reelected  to  the  Sixty- 
second  Congress. 

Wilson,  William  I/yne,  a  Representative  from 
Virginia;  born  in  Jefferson  county,  Va.  (now 
West  Virginia),  May  3,  1843;  attended  Charles- 
.town  academy,  and  was  graduated  from  Colum- 
bian college,  District  of  Columbia,  in  1860,  and 
subsequently  studied  in  the  University  of  Vir- 
ginia ;  served  in  the  Confederate  army  as  a  pri- 
vate in  the  twelfth  Virginia  cavalry  ;  for  several 
years  professor  in  Columbian  college,  during 
which  time  he  was  graduated  from  its  law 
school,  and  entered  practice  in  Charlestown,  W. 
Va.  ;  delegate  in  1880  to  the  national  Democratic 
convention  in  Cincinnati,  and  an  elector  on  the 
Hancock  ticket  ;  chosen  president  of  the  West 
Virginia  university,  and  entered  upon  the  office 
September  4,  1882;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to 
the  Forty-eighth  and  to  the  five  succeeding  Con- 
gresses (March  4,  1883-March  3,  1895)  ;  Post- 
master-General April  4,  1895,  to  March  5,  1897  ; 
president  of  the  Washington  and  Lee  university, 
Lexington,  Va.  ;  died  in  Lexington,  Va.,  October 
17,  1900. 

Wilson,  William  Warfield,  a  Representative 
from  Illinois;  born  in  Ohio,  Bureau  county,  111., 
March  2,  1869;  had  a  literary,  commercial,  and 
legal  training  ;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1893, 
and  practiced  in  Chicago,  111.  ;  elected  as  a  Re- 
publican to  the  Fifty-eighth,  Fifty-ninth,  Six- 
tieth, and  Sixty-first  Congresses  (March  4, 
1903-March  3,  1911).  Reelected  to  the  Sixty- 
second  Congress. 

Winans,  Edwin  Baruch,  a  Representative 
form  Michigan  ;  born  in  Avon,  N.  Y.,  May  16, 
1826;  moved  with  parents  to  Michigan  in  1834; 
attended  Albion  college.  Michigan  ;  engaged  in 
farming  in  Livingston  county  ;  member  of  the 
state  legislature  1861-1865;  member  of  the  con- 


stitutional convention  of  May  15,  1867 ;  probate 
judge  of  Livingston  county  1877-1881 ;  elected  as 
a  Democrat  to  the  Forty-eighth  and  Forty-ninth 
Congresses  (March  4,  1883-March  3,  1887)  ;  re- 
tired to  his  farm  in  Livingston  county,  Mich. ; 
governor  of  Michigan  1891-1893;  died  in  Ham- 
burg, Livingston  county,  Mich.,  July  4,  1894. 

Winans,  James  January,  a  Representative 
from  Ohio ;  born  in  Maysville,  Ky.,  June  7,  1818 ; 
received  a  limited  schooling;  studied  law,  was 
admitted  to  the  bar,  and  began  practice  in  Xenia, 
Ohio ;  held  several  local  offices ;  state  senator  in 
1857,  and  representative  in  1863 ;  appointed  judge 
of  the  court  of  common  pleas  in  1864  and  elected 
for  a  full  term  of  five  years  in  1866 ;  elected  as  a 
Republican  to  the  Forty-first  Congress  (March  4, 
1869-March  3,  1871)  ;  died  in  Xenia,  Ohio,  April 
28,  1879. 

Winans,  John,  a  Delegate  from  Wisconsin; 
born  in  Vernon,  Sussex  county,  N.  J.,  September 
27,  1831;  studied  law  and  was  admitted  to  the 
bar ;  located  in  practice  in  Janesville,  Wis. ; 
alderman  of  the  city  of  Janesville  in  1861 ;  city 
attorney  five  terms,  between  1865  and  1875; 
member  of  the  state  legislature  1874  and  1882 ; 
delegate  in  the  Democratic  national  convention 
held  in  Chicago  in  1864;  member  of  Governor 
Taylor's  staff  1874-1875  with  the  rank  of  colo- 
nel ;  elected  as  an  Independent  Democrat  to  the 
Forty-eighth  Congress  (March  4,  1883-March  3, 
1885)  ;  was  connected  with  a  land  office  in 
South  Dakota  for  a  time;  died  in  Janesville, 
Wis.,  January  17,  1907. 

Winchester,  Boyd,  a  Representative  from 
Kentucky ;  born  in  Louisiana  September  23, 
1836 ;  pursued  classical  studies ;  studied  law, 
was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  began  practice  in 
Louisville,  Ky. ;  elected  a  state  senator  in, 
August,  1867;  elected  to  the  P"orty-first  and 
Forty-second  Congresses  (March  4,  1869-March 
3,  1873)  ;  resumed  the  practice  of  law  in  Louis- 
ville, Ky. 

Windom,  William,  a  Representative  and  a  Sen- 
ator from  Minnesota ;  born  in  Waterford.  Ohio, 
May  10,  1827;  pursued  an  academic  course  in 
Mount  Vernon,  Ohio ;  studied  law  in  Mount  Ver- 
non ;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1850,  and  prac- 
ticed in  Ohio  and  Minnesota  until  1859;  elected 
prosecuting  attorney  for  Knox  county  in  1852; 
moved  to  Winona,  Minn.,  in  1855 :  elected  to  the 
Thirty- sixth  and  to  the  four  succeeding  Con- 
gresses (March  4,  1859-March  3,  1869)  ;  ap- 
pointed to  the  United  States  Senate,  to  fill  va- 
cancy caused  by  the  death  of  Daniel  S.  Norton," 
and  served  from  July  16,  1870,  to  January  18, 
1871,  when  Ozora  P.  Stearns  was  elected  to  fill 
the  vacancy ;  elected  to  the  United  States  Senate, 
to  fill  vacancy  in  the  term  beginning  March  4, 
1871,  was  reelected  and  served  from  March  12, 
1871,  to  March  4,  1881,  when  he  resigned ;  ap- 
pointed Secretary  of  the  Treasury  by  President 
Garfield  March  5,  1881,  entered  upon  duties 
March  8,  1881,  and  served  until  October  26,  1881, 
when  he  resigned ;  reelected  to  the  United  States 
Senate  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  his  own  resigna- 
tion, and  served  from  October  26,  1881,  to  March 
3,  1883;  located  in  New  York  City  in  1883;  re- 
appointed  Secretary  of  the  Treasury  by  Presi- 
dent Benjamin  Harrison  March  5,  1889,  entered 
upon  duties  two  days  later  and  served  until  his 
death  in  New  York  City,  January  29,  1891. 


BIOGEAPHIES. 


1123 


Winfield,  Charles  Henry,  a  Representative 
from  New  York ;  born  in  Crawford,  N.  Y.,  April 
22,  1822 ;  completed  preparatory  studies ;  studied 
law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  began  prac- 
tice in  Goshen,  N.  Y. ;  district  attorney  for 
Orange  county  1850-1856;  elected  as  a  Demo- 
crat to  the  Thirty-eighth  and  Thirty-ninth  Con- 
gresses (March  4,  1863-March  3,  1867)  ;  died  in 
Walden,  Orange  county,  N.  Y.,  June  10,  1888. 

Wing,  Austin  E.,  a  Delegate  from  Michigan; 
born  in  Hampshire  county,  Mass.,  in  1791 ;  at- 
tended the  common  schools ;  moved  to  Michigan ; 
elected  to  the  Nineteenth  and  Twentieth  Con- 
gresses (March  4,  1825-March  3,  1829)  ;  moved 
to  Monroe,  Mich. ;  elected  to  the  Twenty-second 
Congress  (March  4,  1831-March  3,  1833)  ;  after 
Michigan  was  admitted  as  a  state,  served  as 
United  States  marshal  for  that  district ;  died  in 
Cleveland,  Ohio,  August  25,  1849. 

Wingate,  Joseph  FM  a  Representative  from 
Maine ;  born  in  Maine  district  of  Massachusetts ; 
received  a  limited  schooling;  became  a  merchant 
in  Bath.  Me. :  member  of  the  state  house  of  rep- 
resentatives 1818-1819;  collector  of  customs  at 
the  port  of  Bath  1820-1824 ;  elected  as  a  Demo- 
crat to  the  Twentieth  and  Twenty-first  Con- 
gresses (March  4,  1827-March  3,  1831). 

Wingate,  Paine,  a  Delegate,  a  Senator,  and  a 
Representative  from  New  Hampshire;  born  in 
Amesbury,  Mass.,  May  14,  1739 ;  was  graduated 
from  Harvard  college  in  1759;  studied  theology 
and  was  ordained  a  minister  of  the  Congrega- 
tional church  in  Hampton  Falls,  N.  H.,  Decem- 
ber 14,  1763 ;  moved  to  Stratham,  N.  H.,  in  1776, 
and  became  a  farmer;  elected  to  the  state  house 
of  representatives;  Delegate  in  the  Continental 
Congress  1787-1788;  elected  to  the  United  States 
Senate  and  served  from  March  4,  1789,  to  March 

3,  1793;  elected  to  the  Third  Congress   (March 

4,  1793-March  3,  1795)  ;  judge  of  the  superior 
court   of   New   Hampshire   1798-1809;    died   in 
Stratham,  N.  H.,  March  7,  1838. 

Winn,  Thomas  Elisha,  a  Representative  from 
Georgia ;  born  near  Athens,  Clarke  county,  Ga., 
May  21,  1839 ;  pursued  an  academic  course  and 
was  graduated  from  Emory  and  Henry  college, 
Virginia,  in  1860;  read  law  and  was  admitted 
to  practice  in  the  courts  of  Georgia ;  elected  so- 
licitor of  the  county  court  of  Milton  county ; 
entered  the  Confederate  army  as  first  lieutenant 
in  1861 ;  soon  promoted  to  captain,  afterwards 
major,  and  finally  lieutenant  colonel,  twenty- 
fourth  Georgia  regiment,  and  served  with  Lee's 
army  until  the  surrender ;  began  farming  in 
1868;  county  school  commissioner  of  Gwinnett 
county  1876-1890,  when  he  resigned;  elected  as 
an  Alliance  man  and  Democrat  to  the  Fifty-sec- 
ond Congress  (March  4,  1891-March  3,  1893)  ; 
reengaged  in  agricultural  pursuits  in  Greene 
county  ,Ga. 

Winslow,  Warren,  a  Representative  from 
North  Carolina ;  born  in  Fayetteville,  N.  C., 
January  1,  1810;  was  graduated  from  Chapel 
Hill  university  in  1827 ;  studied  law,  was  admit- 
ted to  the  bar,  and  began  practice  in  Fayette- 
ville ;  served  in  the  state  senate  and  as  speaker, 
and  was  acting  governor  for  a  time  in  December, 
1854 ;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Thirty-fourth. 
Thirty-fifth,  and  Thirty-sixth  Congresses  (March 
4,  1855-March  3,  1861)  ;  died  in  Fayetteville, 
N.  C.,  August  16,  1862. 


Winston,  Joseph,  a  Representative  from 
North  Carolina ;  born  in  Louisa  county,  Va., 
June  17,  1746 ;  moved  to  Stokes  county,  N.  C.,  in 
1766;  participated  in  expeditions  against  hostile 
frontier  Indians;  member  of  the  Hillsboro  con- 
vention of  1775 ;  served  in  the  Revolutionary 
army  in  an  expedition  against  the  Scotch  Tories 
in  February,  1776 ;  made  chief  ranger  of  Surry 
county  and  major  of  militia,  and  served  as  such 
against  the  Cherokees;  member  of  the  legisla- 
ture and  of  the  commission  that  concluded  a 
treaty  with  the  Cherokees  in  1777 ;  led  the  right 
wing  against  the  Tories  in  1780  and  the  legisla- 
ture of  North  Carolina  presented  him  a  sword 
for  his  gallantry  in  the  battle  of  Kings  Moun- 
tain; participated  in  the  battle  of  Guilford.  in 
March,  1781;  state  senator  in  1790,  1791,  1802, 
1807,  and  1812;  elected  to  the  Third  Congress 
(March  4,  1793-March  3,  1795)  ;  reelected  to  the 
Eighth  and  Ninth  Congresses  (March  4,  1803- 
March  3,  1807)  ;  died  near  Germantown,  N.  C., 
April  21,  1815;  interment  in  Guilford  Battle 
Ground,  N.  C. 

Winter,  Elisha  J.,  a  Representative  from 
New  York;  was  elected  as  a  Federalist  to  the 
Thirteenth  Congress  (March  4,  1813-March  3, 
1815). 

Winthrop,  Robert  Charles,  a  Representative 
and  a  Senator  from  Massachusetts ;  born  in  Bos- 
ton, Mass.,  May  12,  1809;  was  graduated  from 
Harvard  college  in  1828 ;  studied  law  with  Dan- 
iel Webster,  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1831, 
and  practiced  in  Boston ;  member  of  the  state 
house  of  representatives  and  its  speaker,  1836- 
1840;  elected  as  a  Whig  to  the  Twenty-sixth 
Congress,  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  the  resigna- 
tion of  Abbott  Lawrence ;  reelected  to  the 
Twenty-seventh  Congress,  and  served  from  De- 
cember 7,  1840,  to  May  25,  1842,  when  he  re- 
signed; subsequently  reelected  to  fill  vacancy 
caused  by  his  own  resignation,  and  reelected  to 
the  Twenty-eighth,  Twenty-ninth,  Thirtieth,  and 
Thirty-first  Congresses,  and  served  from  Decem- 
ber 5.  1842,  to  July  30,  1850,  when  he  again  re- 
signed; appointed  to  the  United  States  Senate, 
to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  the  resignation  of  Dan- 
iel Webster,  and  served  from  July  27,  1850,  to 
February  1,  1851 ;  was  defeated  as  a  Senatorial 
candidate  in  1851.  and  as  a  Whig  candidate  for 
governor  the  same  year;  was  Speaker  of  the 
House  during  the  Thirtieth  and  a  portion  of  the 
Thirty-first  Congresses;  died  in  Boston,  Mass., 
November  16,  1894. 

Wise,  George  Douglas,  a  Representative  from 
Virginia ;  born  in  Accomac  county,  Va.,  June  4, 
1831;  was  graduated  from  Indiana  university; 
studied  law  in  William  and  Mary  college,  Wil- 
liamsburg,  Va.,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and 
practiced  in  Richmond;  captain  in  the  Confed- 
erate army;  commonwealth  attorney  of  the  city 
of  Richmond  from  1870  until  he  resigned,  in 
1889 ;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Forty-sev- 
enth and  to  the  ,  six  succeeding  Congresses 
(March  4,  1881-March  3,  1895)  ;  died  in  Rich- 
mond, Va.,  February  4,  1898. 

Wise,  Henry  Alexander,  a  Representative 
from  Virginia  ;  born  in  Drummondtown,  Accomac 
county,  Va.,  December  3,  1806;  was  graduated 
from  Washington  college,  Pennsylvania,  in  1825; 
studied  law  in  Winchester,  Va.,  was  admitted  to 
the  bar  in  1828.  and  began  practice  in  Nashville, 
Tenn. ;  returned  to  Virginia  in  1830 ;  held  several 


1124 


CONGRESSIONAL   DIRECTOEY. 


local  offices;  elected  as  a  Jackson  Democrat  to 
the  Twenty-third  and  Twenty-fourth  Congresses; 
reelected  as  a  Whig  to  the  Twenty-fifth,  Twenty- 
sixth,  and  Twenty-seventh  Congresses  and  re- 
eletced  as  a  Tyler  Democrat  to  the  Twenty- 
eighth  Congress  and  served  from  March  4,  1833, 
until  his  resignation  February  18,  1844;  de- 
clined the  portfolio  of  the  Navy,  tendered  by 
President  Tyler  in  1841;  appointed  minister  to 
France  in  1843,  but  was  not  confirmed ;  minister 
to  Brazil  1844-1847;  presidential  elector  on  the 
Cass  and  Butler  ticket  in  1848;  delegate  to  the 
state  constitutional  convention  of  1850 ;  presi- 
dential elector  on  the  Pierce  and  King  ticket  in 
1852 ;  governor  of  Virginia  1856-1860 ;  served  in 
the  Confederate  army ;  resumed  the  practice  of 
law  in  Richmond,  Va. ;  served  on  the  commission 
to  fix  the  boundary  line  between  Virginia  and 
Maryland ;  and  died  in  Richmond,  Va.,  Septem- 
ber 12,  1876. 

Wise,  John  Sergeant,  a  Representative  from 
Virginia;  born  in  Rio  de  Janeiro,  Brazil,  De- 
cember 27,  1846;  attended  the  Virginia  military 
institute  and  the  University  of  Virginia ;  studied 
law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1867.  and  prac- 
ticed 5i  Richmond,  Va. ;  lieutenant  in  the  Con- 
federate provisional  army ;  United  States  attor- 
ney for  eastern  district  of  Virginia  from  May, 
1882,  until  March,  1883,  when  he  resigned; 
elected  as  a  Readjuster  to  the  Forty-eighth  Con- 
gress (March  4,  1883-March  3,  1885)  ;  defeated 
as  the  Republican  candidate  for  governor  of  Vir- 
ginia in  1885 ;  located  in  New  York  City  and  en- 
gaged in  the  practice  of  law, 

Wise,  Morgan  Bex,  a  Representative  from 
Pennsylvania ;  born  in  West  Bethlehem,  Wash- 
ington county,  Pa.,  June  7,  1830 ;  brought  up  as  a 
practical  farmer ;  engaged  in  mining  gold  in  the 
Territory  of  California  in  1850 ;  while  there  vol- 
unteered, under  Major  Stammins,  to  defend  the 
miners  against  the  depredations  of  the  Indians ; 
returned  to  Pennsylvania ;  was  graduated  from 
Wayuesburg  college  in  1856 ;  member  of  the  state 
house  of  representatives  in  1874-1878;  elected  as 
an  anti-Bank  Democrat  to  the  Forty-sixth  and 
Forty-seventh  Congresses  (March  4,  1879-March 
3,  1883)  ;  died  in  Pittsburgh,  Pa.,  April  13,  1903. 

Wise,  Richard  Alsop,  a  Representative  from 
Virginia ;  born  in  Philadelphia,  Pa.,  September 
2,  1843;  attended  private  schools  in  Richmond, 
Va.,  Dr.  Gessner  Harrison's  university  school, 
and  William  and  Mary  college  for  two  years; 
served  in  the  Confederate  army  as  a  private  in 
Stuart's  cavalry  and  as  assistant  inspector-gen- 
eral of  Wise's  brigade,  Army  of  Northern  Vir- 
ginia ;  was  graduated  in  medicine  from  the 
Medical  college  of  Virginia  in  1867,  and  prac- 
ticed; professor  in  the  College  of  Willinm  and 
Mary  in  1869-1880 ;  superintendent  of  the  East- 
ern Lunatic  Asylum  of  Virginia  1882-1884  ;  mem- 
ber of  the  state  legislature  1885-1887 ;  clerk  of 
the  circuit  and  county  courts  of  the  city  of  Wil- 
Hamsburg  and  county  of  James  City  1887-1893 ; 
elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Fifty-fifth  Con- 
gress and  was  seated  after  a  contest  with  Will- 
iam A.  Young  April  26,  1898,  and  served  until 
March  3,  1899 ;  reelected  to  the  Fifty-sixth  Con- 
gress and  was  seated  after  a  second  contest  with 
William  A.  Young  April  26,  1900,  and  served 
until  March  3,  1901 ;  died  in  Williamsburg,  Va., 
December  21,  1900. 


Wisner,  Henry,  a  Delegate  from  New  York; 
born  in  Goshen,  Orange  county,  N.  Y.,  1720 :  com- 
pleted academic  studies;  studied  law  and  was 
admitted  to  the  Orange  county  bar;  assistant 
justice  of  the  court  of  common  pleas;  member 
of  the  state  general  assembly  1759-1769;  Dele- 
gate in  the  Continental  Congress  1774-1776 ; 
voted  for  the  Declaration  of  Independence,  but 
was  absent  in  New  York  at  the  time  it  was 
signed  attending  the  Provincial  congress,  to 
which  he  had  just  been  elected ;  erected  three 
powder  mills  in  the  vicinity  of  Goshen,  N.  Y.. 
and  supplied  powder  to  the  Continental  army  in 
the  Revolution ;  one  of  the  committee  that 
framed  the  first  constitution  of  New  York  in 
1777 ;  state  senator  1777-1782 ;  member  of  the 
state  convention  that  ratified  the  Federal  Con- 
stitution in  17S8;  died  in  Goshen,  N.  Y.,  March 
4,  1790;  interment  in  cemetery  in  Phillipsburg, 
N.  Y. 

Witcher,  John  Seashoal,  a  Representative 
from  West  Virginia ;  born  in  Cabell  county,  Va. 
(now  West  Virginia),  July  15,  1839;  received  a 
limited  schooling;  held  several  local  offices: 
served  in  the  Union  army ;  first  lieutenant,  third 
West  Virginia  cavalry,  December  13,  1862 ;  cap- 
tain, September  8,  1863;  major,  May  23,  1864; 
lieutenant  colonel,  May  6,  1865;  brevet  colonel  of 
volunteers,  March  13,  1865,  "  for  gallant  and 
meritorious  serA'ice  during  the  Shenandoah  cam- 
paign of  1864  and  the  final  campaign  around 
Richmond  and  Petersburg,  Va.,  in  the  spring  of 
1865,  and  especially  at  the  battle  of  Fords  Sta- 
tion, Va." ;  brigadier  general  of  volunteers, 
March  3.  1865,  "for  like  services";  honorably 
mustered  out  June  30,  1865;  major  and  pay- 
master, June  30,  1880 ;  retired,  September  8, 
1899 ;  member  of  the  state  legislature  in  1865 ; 
secretary  of  the  state  of  West  Virginia,  1866- 
1869 ;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Forty-first 
Congress  (March  4,  1869-March  3,  1871)  ;  de- 
feated for  reelection ;  died  in  Salt  Lake  City, 
Utah,  July  8,  1906. 

Witherell,  James,  a  Representative  from  Ver- 
mont; born  in  Mansfield,  Mass.,  June  16,  1759; 
completed  preparatory  studies ;  served  in  the 
Revolutionary  army  as  a  member  of  the  eleventh 
Massachusetts  regiment,  1775-1783;  studied 
medicine  and  licensed  to  practice  in  1788 ;  moved 
to  Vermont,  where  he  studied  law,  was  admitted 
to  the  bar,  and  practiced;  state  representative, 
1798-1803 ;  Rutland  county  judge,  1803-1805 ;  ex- 
ecutive councilor,  1803-1807 ;  elected  as  a  Demo- 
crat to  the  Tenth  Congress  and  served  from 
March  4,  1807,  to  May  1,  1808,  when  he  resigned ; 
appointed  United  States  judge  for  the  Territory 
of  Michigan ;  secretary  of  Michigan  Territory, 
1828-1832;  died  in  Detroit,  Mich.,  January  9, 
1838. 

Withers,  Robert  Enoch,  a  Senator  from  Vir- 
ginia ;  born  in  Campbell  county,  Va.,  September 
18,  1821 ;  was  graduated  from  the  medical  de- 
partment of  the  university  of  Virginia  in  1841 ; 
practiced  in  Campbell  county  until  1858.  when 
he  moved  to  Danville,  Va. ;  entered  the  Confed- 
erate army  as  msijor  of  infantry  in  April,  1861, 
and  promoted  colonel  of  the  eighteenth  Virginia 
regiment,  which  he  commanded  until  retired  in 
consequence  of  numerous  disabling  wounds,  and 
appointed  to  command  the  post  at  Danville.  Va.. 
which  position  he  held  until  the  close  of  the 
war ;  moved  to  Lynchburg,  Va.,  in  January, 


BIOGRAPHIES. 


1125 


1866,  and  established  a  daily  paper  devoted  to 
the  interests  of  the  Conservative  party;  nomi- 
nated for  governor  by  the  Liberal  Republicans, 
but  defeated;  elector  on  the  Greeley  ticket  in 
1873 ;  elected  lieutenant  governor  in  1873 ;  elect- 
ed as  a  Conservative  to  the  United  States  Sen- 
ate, and  served  from  March  4,  1875,  to  March 

3,  1881 ;  appointed  consul  at  Hong  Kong,  China, 
in  1885 ;  resigned  in  1889  and  returned  to  Wythe- 
ville,  Va. ;  died  in  "  Ingleside,"  Wytheville,  Va., 
September  21,  1907. 

Witherspoon,  John,  a  Delegate  from  New 
Jersey ;  born  in  Gifford,  Haddingtonshire,  Scot- 
land, February  5,  1722 ;  was  graduated  from 
Edinburgh  university  in  1742;  studied  theology 
and  was  ordained  minister  of  the  parish  of  Beith 
in  1745 ;  installed  pastor  at  Paisley,  January  16, 
1757 ;  moderator  of  the  synod  of  Glasgow  and 
Ayr  in  1758 ;  declined  the  presidency  of  Prince- 
ton college  in  1766,  but  accepted  the  second  in- 
vitation and  came  to  the  United  States,  and  was 
inaugurated  Princeton's  head  August  17,  1768; 
became  a  leader  of  Presbyterians  in  America ; 
member  of  the  convention  that  framed  New  Jer- 
sey's first  constitution ;  member  of  the  Provin- 
cial congress  of  New  Jersey  in  June,  1776 ;  Dele- 
gate in  the  Continental  Congress,  1776-1783;  a 
signer  of  the  Declaration  of  Independence; 
member  of  the  secret  committee  of  the  Congress 
on  the  conduct  of  the  war  and  member  of  the 
board  of  war  in  1778 ;  member  New  Jersey  coun- 
cil, 1780;  of  the  assembly,  1783,  1789-1790;  of 
the  New  Jersey  convention  to  ratify  the  Federal 
Constitution,  1787 ;  engaged  in  the  cultivation  of 
a  farm  near  Princeton,  N.  J. ;  became  blind  in 
1792;  died  near  Princeton,  N.  J.,  November  15, 
1794. 

Witherspoon,  Robert,  a  Representative  from 
South  Carolina ;  was  elected  as  a  Democrat  to 
the  Eleventh  Congress  (March  4,  1809-March  3, 
1811). 

Witte,  William  Henry,  a  Representative  from 
Pennsylvania ;  born  in  Morris  county,  N.  J.,  May 
7,  1818;  moved  to  Bucks  county.  Pa.,  and  at- 
tended the  common  schools ;  moved  to  Philadel- 
phia in  1840  and  became  a  merchant;  elected  as 
a  Democrat  to  the  Thirty-third  Congress  ( March 

4,  1853-March  3,  1855)  ;  engaged  in  newspaper 
work  and  died  in  Philadelphia,  Pa.,  November 
24,  1876. 

Wolcott,  Edward  Oliver,  a  Senator  from  Colo- 
rado ;  born  in  Long  Meadow,  Mass.,  March  26. 
1848 ;  served  for  a  few  months  as  private  in  the 
one  hundred  and  fiftieth  regiment  of  Ohio  volun- 
teers in  1864 ;  entered  Yale  college  in  1866,  but 
did  not  graduate ;  was  graduated  from  Harvard 
law  school  in  1871;  moved  to  Colorado  and 
practiced  law  in  Denver;  elected  district  attor- 
ney and  a  member  of  the  state  senate  in  1872; 
elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  United  States 
Senate;  was  reelected,  and  served  from  March 
4,  1889,  to  March  3,  1901;  resumed  the  practice 
of  law  in  Denver,  Colo. ;  died'  in  Monte  Carlo, 
Principality  of  Monaco,  March  1,  1905. 

Wolcott,  Oliver,  a  Delegate  from  Connecticut ; 
born  in  Windsor,  Conn.,  November  26,  1726 ;  was 
graduated  from  Yale  college  in  1747 ;  commis- 
sioned a  captain  by  the  governor  of  New  York 
in  1747 ;  raised  a  company  of  volunteers  and 
served  on  the  northwestern  frontier  until  the 
peace  of  Aix-la-Chapelle ;  returned  to  Litchfield, 


Conn.,  and  studied  medicine  with  his  brother, 
Dr.  Alexander  Wolcott,  but  did  not  practice; 
sheriff  of  the  newly  organized  county  of  Litch-^ 
field,  Conn.,  in  1751;  member  of  the  state  coun-' 
cil  1774-1786,  and  at  the  same  time  judge  of  the 
county  court  of  common  pleas ;  judge  of  probate 
for  the  Litchfield  district  many  years;  major 
general  of  militia ;  a  commissioner  of  Indian 
affairs,  northern  department,  in  1775 ;  a  Dele- 
gate in  the  Continental  Congress  1775-177S  and 
1780-1784;  a  signer  of  the  Declaration  of  Inde- 
pendence ;  commander  of  the  fourteen  Connecti- 
cut regiments  sent  for  the  defense  of  New  York 
in  1776,  and  divided  his  time  between  army 
service  and  service  in  Congress;  lieutenant- 
governor  of  Connecticut  1786-1796;  governor 
1796,  until  his  death  in  Litchfield,  Conn.,  De- 
cember 1,  1797. 

Wolf,  George,  a  Representative  from  Penn- 
sylvania ;  born  in  Allen  township,  Northampton 
county,  Pa.,  August  12,  1777 ;  completed  prepara- 
tory studies  in  a  classical  school ;  studied  law, 
was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  practiced  at  Easton, 
Pa.;  postmaster  of  Easton,  and  clerk  of  the 
orphans'  court  of  Northampton  county  until 
1809 ;  member  of  the  state  house  of  representa- 
tives in  1814;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the 
Eighteenth  Congress  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by 
the  resignation  of  Thomas  J.  Rogers;  reelected 
to  the  Nineteenth  and  Twentieth  Congresses; 
and  served  from  December  9,  1824,  to  March  3, 
1829 ;  governor  of  Pennsylvania  1829-1835 ;  first 
comptroller  of  the  Treasury  of  the  United  States 
June  18,  1836-February  23,  1838;  collector  of 
customs  port  of  Philadelphia  in  1838,  and  served 
until  his  death  in  Philadelphia,  Pa.,  March  11, 
1840. 

Wolf,  Harry  Benjamin,  a  Representative 
from  Maryland ;  born  in  Baltimore,  Md.,  June 
16,  1880;  attended  the  public  schools  of  Balti- 
more, and  was  graduated  from  the  Maryland 
university  school  of  law  June  3,  1901,  and  en- 
tered practice  in  Baltimore;  elected  as  a  Demo- 
crat to  the  Sixtieth  Congress  (March  4,  1907-. 
March  3,  1909)  ;  resumed  the  practice  of  law  in 
Baltimore,  Md. 

Wolf,  William  P.,  a  Representative  from 
Iowa ;  born  in  Stark  county,  Ohio,  December  1, 
1833 ;  received  a  limited  schooling ;  studied  law, 
was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  began  practice  in 
Tipton,  Iowa,  in  1859;  superintendent  of  public 
schools ;  state  legislator  1863-1864 ;  served  in 
the  Union  army  as  captain ;  appointed  assistant 
assessor  of  internal  revenue  in  1865 ;  member 
of  the  state  senate  in  1867 ;  elected  to  the  Forty- 
first  Congress  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  death  of 
William  Smyth,  and  served  from  December  6, 
1870,  to  March  3,  1871 ;  resumed  the  practice  of 
law  in  Tipton,  Iowa. 

Wolfe,  Simeon  Kalfius,  a  Representative  from 
Indiana ;  born  in  Floyd  county,  Ind.,  February 
14,  1824 ;  attended  Floyd  county  schools  and 
was  graduated  from  the  law  department  of  the 
university  of  Indiana,  at  Bloomington.  in  1850, 
and  practiced  in  New  Albany,  Ind. ;  presidential 
elector  in  1856 ;  state  senator  1860-1864 ;  dele- 
gate to  the  Democratic  national  convention  in 
1860;  engaged  in  newspaper  work ;  elected  as  a 
Democrat  to  the  Forty-lhird  Congress  (March  4, 
1873-March  3,  1875)  ;  circuit  judge  of  the  Floyd 
and  Clark  circuit  1880;  died  in  New  Albany, 
Ind.,  November  18,  1888. 


1126 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 


Wolford,  Frank  Lane,  a  Representative  from 
Kentucky ;  born  in  Adair  county,  Ky.,  Sep- 
tember 2,  1817 ;  attended  the  common  schools ; 
studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  prac- 
ticed in  Columbia,  Ky. ;  member  of  the  house  of 
representatives  in  the  general  assembly  1847, 
1848,  1865,  and  1866;  presidential  elector  in 
1864  and  1868;  colonel  of  the  first  Kentucky 
cavalry  1861-1864 ;  adjutant-general  of  the  state 
of  Kentucky  1867-1868 ;  elected  as  a  Democrat 
to  the  Forty-eighth  and  Forty-ninth  Congresses 
(March  4,  1883-March  3,  1887)  ;  died  in  Colum- 
bia, Ky.,  August  2,  1895. 

Wolverton,  Simon  Peter,  a  Representative 
from  Pennsylvania ;  born  in  Rush  township, 
Northumberland  county,  Pa,,  January  28,  1837 ; 
attended  the  common  schools,  Danville  academy, 
and  was  graduated  from  Lewisburg  university  in 
1860 ;  took  charge  of  Sunbury  academy  and  also 
read  law ;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1862  and 
practiced  in  Sunbury;  raised  a  company  of 
emergency  men,  of  which  he  was  made  captain 
in  1862,  and  served  in  the  eighteenth  regiment  of 
Pennsylvania  volunteers;  chosen  captain  of  com- 
pany F,  thirty-sixth  regiment  Pennsylvania  vol- 
unteers in  June,  1863 ;  elected  to  the  state  senate 
iu  1878,  1880,  and  1884;  Democratic  nominee 
for  the  United  States  Senate  in  the  joint  con- 
vention of  1884;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the 
Fifty-second  and  Fifty-third  Congresses  (March 
4,  1891 -March  3,  1895)  ;  resumed  the  practice  of 
law ;  died  in  Sunbury,  Pa.,  October  25,  1910. 

Wood,  Abiel,  a  Representative  from  Massa- 
chusetts; born  in  Wiscasset,  in  the  Maine  dis- 
trict of  Massachusetts,  in  1772;  education  lim- 
ited ;  merchant ;  state  representative  1807-1811 ; 
elected  as  a  Federalist  to  the  Thirteenth  Con- 
gress (March  4,  1813-March  3,  1815)  ;  again  a 
state  representative  in  1816;  delegate  to  the 
constitutional  convention  of  Maine  in  1819 ;  state 
councilor  of  Maine  1820-1821;  died  in  Belfast, 
Me.,  November  2,  1834. 

Wood,  Alan,  Jr.,  a  Representative  from  Penn- 
sylvania ;  born  in  Philadelphia,  July  6,  1834 ; 
completed  preparatory  studies;  and  became  a 
manufacturer,  and  later  a  banker ;  elected  as  a 
Republican  to  the  Forty-fourth  Congress  (March 
4,  1875-March  3,  1877)  ;  died  in  Philadelphia, 
Pa.,  October  31,  1902. 

Wood,  Amos  E.,  a  Representative  from  Ohio ; 
born  in  Ellisburg,  N.  Y.,  January  2,  1810;  at- 
tended common  schools :  moved  to  Ohio,  and  in 
1833  located  on  a  farm  in  Sandusky  county ;  state 
representative  for  two  years ;  state  senator  one 
year;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Thirty-first 
Congress,  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  the  death  of 
Rudolphus  Dickinson,  and  served  from  Decem- 
ber 3,  1849,  until  his  death  in  Fort  Wayne,  Ind., 
November  19,  1850. 

Wood,  Benjamin,  a  Representative  trom  New 
York ;  born  in  Shelbyville,  Ky.,  October  13.  1820 ; 
attended  the  public  schools ;  moved  to  the  city 
of  New  York ;  published  and  edited  the  Daily 
News ;  mayor  of  New  York  City ;  member  of  the 
state  senate  1866-1867;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to 
the  Thirty-seventh  and  Thirty-eighth  Congresses 
(March  4.  1861-March  3.  1865)  ;  reelected  as  a 
Democrat  to  the  Fortv- seventh  Congress  (March 
4,  1881-March  3.  1883)  ;  died  in  New  York  City 
February  21,  1900. 


Wood,  Benson,  a  Representative  from  Illi- 
nois ;  born  in  Snsquehanna  county,  Pa.,  in  1839 ; 
attended  the  common  schools  and  pursued  an 
academic  course;  went  to  Illinois  in  1859,  and 
for  two  years  was  principal  of  a  village  school  in 
Lee  county;  rank  of  captain  of  infantry  in  the 
Civil  war ;  graduate  of  the  law  department  of 
the  University  of  Chicago,  and  engaged  in  the 
practice  of  law  in  Effingham,  111. ;  delegate  in  the 
Republican  National  conventions  of  1876  and 
1888;  mayor  of  Effingham  and  representative  in 
the  general  assembly;  elected  as  a  Republican  to 
the  Fifty-fourth  Congress  ( March  4,  1895-March 
3,  1897)  ;  resumed  the  practice  of  law  in  Effing- 
ham.  111. 

Wood,  Bradford  Bipley,  a  Representative 
from  New  York ;  born  in  Westport,  Conn.,  Sep- 
tember 30,  1800;  was  graduated  from  Union 
college  in  1824 ;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to 
the  bar,  in  1827,  and  began  practice  in  Albany, 
N.  Y. ;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Twenty- 
ninth  Congress  (March  4,  1845-March  3,  1847)  ; 
United  States  minister  to  Denmark  1861-1865; 
died  in  Albany,  N.  Y.,  September  26,  1889. 

Wood,  Ernest  E.,  a  Representative  from  Mis- 
souri ;  a  resident  of  St.  Louis,  Mo. ;  presented 
credentials  as  a  Member-elect  to  the  Fifty-ninth 
Congress,  and  served  from  March  4,  1905,  to 
June  23,  1906,  when  he  was  succeeded  by  Harry 
M.  Coudrey,  who  contested  his  election. 

Wood,  Fernando,  a  Representative  from  New 
York ;  born  in  Philadelphia,  Pa.,  June  14,  1812 ; 
moved  with  his  father  to  New  York  in  1820;  en- 
gaged in  business  as  a  shipping  merchant  and  re- 
tired in  1850;  three  times  elected  mayor  of  New 
York,  1855-1856,  1857-1858,  and  1861-1862; 
elected  as  a  Tammany  Democrat  to  the  Twenty- 
seventh  Congress  (March  4,  1841-March  3, 
1843),  reelected  to  the  Thirty-eighth  Congress 
(March  4,  1863-March  3,  1865)  ;  reelected  to  the 
Fortieth,  and  to  the  six  succeeding  Congresses 
(March  4,  1867-March  3,  1881)  ;  reelected  to  the 
Forty-seventh  Congress,  but  died  before  the 
assembling  of  the  Congress,  in  Hot  Springs, 
Ark.,  February  14,  1881. 

Woods,  Frank  P.,  a  Representative  from 
Iowa ;  born  in  Walworth  county,  Wis. ;  attended 
public  schools  and  the  Northern  Indiana  normal 
school  in  Valparaiso ;  moved  to  Iowa  in  1887 ; 
chairman  of  the  Republican  state  central  com- 
mittee 1906-1907 ;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the 
Sixty-first  Congress  (March  4,  1909-March  3, 
1911).  Reelected  to  the  Sixty-second  Congress. 

Wood,  Ira  Wells,  a  Representative  from  New 
Jersey :  born  in  Wilkes-Barre,  Pa. ;  was  gradu- 
ated from  Princeton  university ;  studied  law, 
was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  practiced  in  Tren- 
ton, N.  J. ;  member  of  the  board  of  education 
and  the  common  council  of  the  city  of  Trenton ; 
president  of  the  board  of  trade  of  Trenton; 
member  of  state  assembly  1899-1900:  commis- 
sioner for  New  Jersey  to  the  Louisiana  pur- 
chase exposition;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the 
Fifty-eighth  Congress,  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by 
the  resignation  of  William  M.  Lanning;  reelected 
to  the  Fifty-ninth,  Sixtieth,  and  Sixty-first  Con- 
gresses and  served  from  December  5.  1904,  to 
March  3,  1911.  Rcelectcd  to  tlic  Sixty-second 
Congress. 


BIOGRAPHIES. 


1127 


Wood,  John,  a  Representative  from  Pennsyl- 
vania ;  born  in  Philadelphia,  Pa.,  September  6, 
1816;  received  a  limited  schooling;  became  a 
merchant  and  an  iron  manufacturer;  elected  as 
a  Republican  to  the  Thirty-sixth  Congress 
(March  4,  1859-March  3,  1861)  ;  died  in  Con- 
shohocken,  Montgomery  county,  Pa.,  May  31, 
1898. 

Wood,  John  J.,  a  Representative  from  New 
York;  born  in  Rockland  county,  N.  T. ;  elected 
as  a  Jackson  Democrat  to  the  Twentieth  Con- 
gress (March  4,  1827-March  3,  1829). 

Wood,  John  M.,a  Representative  from  Maine; 
born  in  Minisink.  N.  Y.,  November  17,  1813 ;  lo- 
cated in  Portland,  Me.,  in  1846;  completed 
preparatory  studies;  contractor;  state  repre 
sentative ;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Thirty- 
fourth  and  Thirty -fifth  Congresses  (March  4, 
1855-March  3,  1859)  ;  died  in  Boston,  Mass., 
December  24,  1864. 

Wood,  Joseph,  a  Delegate  from  Georgia ;  born 
in  Pennsylvania  about  1712 ;  served  in  the  Revo- 
lutionary war  as  colonel  of  the  second  Pennsyl- 
vania regiment  and  was  on  duty  in  Canada  in 
.1776 ;  removed  to  Georgia  in  1776,  located  in  St. 
John's  parish  (afterwards  Liberty  county),  and 
engaged  in  planting;  member  of  the  Georgia 
council  of  safety ;  Delegate  in  the  Continental 
Congress  1777-1779;  died  in  Sunbury,  Ga.,  in 
1789. 

Wood,  Silas,  a  Representative  from  New 
York;  born  in  Suffolk  county,  N.  Y..  in  1769; 
pursued  classical  studies;  was  graduated  from 
Princeton  college  in  1789;  studied  law.  was  ad- 
mitted to  the  bar,  and  began  practice  in  Hunting- 
ton,  N.  Y. ;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Sixteenth, 
Seventeenth,  Eighteenth,  Nineteenth,  and  Twen- 
tieth Congresses  (March  4,  1819-March  3, 1829)  ; 
died  in  Huntington,  N.  Y.,  March  2,  1847. 

Wood,  Thomas  Jefferson,  a  Representative 
from  Indiana ;  born  in  Athens  county.  Ohio, 
September  30,  1844 ;  attended  common  schools ; 
taught  school  two  years;  studied  law  in  Terre 
Haute,  Ind.,  and  was  graduated  from  the  law 
department  of  Michigan  university  in  1867 ;  lo- 
cated in  Crown  Point,  Ind.,  November,  1867,  and 
practiced  law :  elected  corporation  treasurer  in 
1870,  and  reelected ;  elected  prosecuting  attor- 
ney ;  reelected  in  1874 ;  member  of  the  state  sen- 
ate 1878-1882;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the 
Forty-eighth  Congress  (March  4,  1883-March  3, 
1885)  ;  died  in  Crown  Point,  Ind..  October  13, 
1908. 

Wood,  Walter  Abbott,  a  Representative  from 
New  York ;  born  in  Mason,  N.  H.,  October  23, 
1815 ;  attended  the  common  schools ;  moved  to 
New  York  and  became  an  inventor  and  manu- 
facturer of  reapers,  mowers,  and  binders ;  elect- 
ed as  a  Republican  to  the  Forty-sixth  and  Forty- 
seventh  Congresses  (March  4,  1879-March  3, 
1883)  ;  returned  to  Hoosick  Falls,  N.  Y.,  where 
he  died  January  15,  1892. 

Woodard,  Fred  Alexander,  a  Representative 
from  North  Carolina ;  born  in  Wilson  county, 
N.  C.,  February  12.  1854;  read  law  at  the  law 
school  of  Chief  Justice  Bell  Pearson  and  was 
licensed  to  practice  in  1873;  located  in  Wilson, 
N.  C.,  and  practiced ;  vice  president  of  the  first 
national  bank  of  Wilson ;  elected  as  a  Democrat 


to  the  Fifty-third  and  Fifty-fourth  Congresses 
(March  4,  1893-March  3,  1897)  ;  resumed  the 
practice  of  law  in  Wilson.  N.  C. 

Woodbridge,  Frederick  Enoch,  a  Representa- 
tive from  Vermont ;  born  in  Vergennes,  Vt,  Au- 
gust 29,  1819;  was  graduated  from  the  uni- 
versity of  Vermont  in  1840;  studied  law,  was 
admitted  to  the  bar,  and  practiced  in  Vergennes ; 
state  representative  1849,  1857,  and  1858;  held 
several  'local  offices;  state  auditor  1850-1852; 
prosecuting  attorney  1854-1858;  engaged  in  rail- 
roading; state  senator  1860-1861  and  president 
pro  tempore  in  1861 ;  elected  as  a  Republican  to 
the  Thirty-eighth,  Thirty-ninth,  and  Fortieth 
Congresses  (March  4,  1863-March  3,  1869)  ;  died 
in  Vergennes,  Vt,  April  25,  1888. 

Woodbridge,  William,  a  Delegate  and  a  Sena- 
tor from  Michigan ;  born  in  Norwich,  Conn.,  Au- 
gust 20,  1780;  moved  with  his  father  to  Mari- 
etta, Ohio,  in  1791,  but  in  a  few  years  returned 
to  Connecticut  and  studied  law  in  Litchfield; 
was  admitted  to  the  Ohio  bar  in  1806;  state 
representative  in  1807 ;  prosecuting  attorney  for 
New  London  county  180,8-1814;  state  senator 
1808-1814 ;  moved  to  Detroit,  Mich.,  having  been 
appointed  secretary  of  Michigan  Territory ; 
elected  a  Delegate  to  the  Sixteenth  Congress 
and  served  from  March  4,  1819,  to  August  9, 
1820,  when  he  resigned ;  judge  of  the  superior 
court  of  Michigan  Territory  1828-1832 ;  delegate 
to  the  state  constitutional  convention  of  1835; 
state  senator  in  1837 ;  governor  of  Michigan 
1840-1841;  elected  to  the  United  States  Senate 
and  served  from  March  4,  1841,  to  March  3, 
1847 ;  died  in  Detroit,  Mich.,  October  20,  1861. 

Woodburn,  William,  a  Representative  from 
Nevada;  born  in  the  County  Wicklow,  Ireland, 
in  1838;  emigrated  to  this  country  in  1849;  at- 
tended St.  Charles  college,  Maryland;  studied 
law  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1866 ;  district 
attorney  of  Storey  county,  Nev.,  in  1871  and 
1872;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Forty- 
fourth  Congress  (March  4,  1875-March  3, 1877)  ; 
reelected  to  the  Forty-ninth  and  Fiftieth  Con- 
gresses (March  4,  1885-March  3, 1889)  ;  resumed 
the  practice  of  law  in  Virginia  City,  Nev. 

Woodbury,  Levi,  a  Representative  and  a  Sen- 
ator from  New  Hampshire;  born  in  Frances- 
town,  N.  H.,  December  22,  1789;  was  graduated 
from  Dartmouth  college  in  1809;  studied  law  in 
the  Litchfield,  Conn.,  law  school,  in  Boston,  Mass., 
and  in  Exeter,  N.  H. ;  was  admitted  to  the  bar 
in  1812  and  practiced  in  Francestown,  N.  H., 
1813-1816 ;  appointed  judge  of  the  superior  court 
of  New  Hampshire  in  1816 ;  moved  to  Ports- 
mouth, N.  H..  in  1819;  governor  of  New  Hamp- 
shire 1823-1824;  state  representative  1825  and 
speaker ;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  United 
States  Senate  for  term  beginning  March  4,  1825, 
and  served  from  March  16,  1825,  to  March  3, 
1831 ;  state  senator  1831,  but  declined ;  secretary 
of  the  Navy  in  President  Jackson's  cabinet, 
May  23,  1831,  to  June  30,  1834;  transferred  to 
the  Treasury  Department  and  served  from  July 
1,  1834,  to  March  3,  1841;  appointed  chief  jus- 
tice of  the  superior  court  of  New  Hampshire,  but 
declined;  again  elected  to  the  United  States 
Senate,  and  served  from  March  4,  1841,  to  No- 
vember 20,  1845.  when  he  resigned;  declined  the 
British  mission ;  appointed  associate  justice  of 
the  Supreme  Court  of  the  United  States,  to  fill 


1128 


CONGRESSIONAL  DIRECTORY. 


vacancy  caused  by  the  death  of  Joseph  Story, 
November  20,  1845,  and  served  until  his  death  in 
Portsmouth,  N.  H.,  September  4,  1851. 

Woodcock,  David,  a  Representative  from 
New  York ;  native  of  Berkshire  county,  Mass. ; 
attended  the  public  schools ;  moved  to  Seneca 
county  and  later  to  Tompkins  county,  N.  Y. ; 
member  of  the  state  house  of  representatives 
1814-1815;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Seven- 
teenth Congress  (March  4,  1821-March  3, 1823)  ; 
again  a  member  of  the  state  house  of  representa- 
tives in  1826;  reelected  to  the  Twentieth  Con- 
gress (March  4,  1827-March  3,  1829). 

Woodford,  Stewart  Lyndon,  a  Representative 
from  New  York ;  born  in  New  York  City  Sep- 
tember 3,  1835;  was  graduated  from  Columbia 
college  in  1854 ;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to 
the  New  York  bar  in  1857,  and  began  practice 
in  New  York  City ;  delegate  in  the  Republican 
national  convention  of  1860;  assistant  attorney 
for  the  United  States  in  New  York  City  in  1861- 
1862;  served  in  the  Union  army;  lieutenant- 
colonel  of  the  one  hundred  and  twenty-seventh 
New  York  volunteers  September  8,  1862 ;  colonel 
of  the  one  hundred  and  third  United  States  col- 
ored infantry  March  3,  1865;  brevet  brigadier 
general  of  volunteers  May  12,  1865,  for  zealous, 
efficient,  and  generally  meritorious  conduct  in 
the  discharge  of  duties;  resigned  Angust  23, 
1865 ;  first  Union  military  commander  of  Char- 
leston, S.  C.,  and  of  Savannah,  Ga. ;  lieutenant- 
governor  of  New  York  1867-1869;  defeated  for 
governor  in  1870;  delegate  in  the  Republican 
national  convention  in  Philadelphia,  Pa.,  in 
1872 ;  president  of  the  electoral  college  in  1872 ; 
elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Forty-third  Con- 
gress and  served  from  March  4,  1873,  to  July  1, 
1874,  when  he  resigned;  United  States  attorney 
for  the  southern  district  of  New  York  1877- 
1883;  United  States  minister  to  Spain  1897- 
1898;  resumed  the  practice  of  law  ic  New  York 
City. 

Woodman,  Charles  Walhart,  a  Representa- 
tive from  Illinois;  born  in  Aalborg,  Denmark, 
March  11,  1844;  attended  public  schools;  fol- 
lowed the  sea  1860-1863;  located  in  Philadel- 
phia, Pa.,  in  1863,  and  enlisted  in  the  gulf  squad- 
ron of  the  United  States  navy ;  went  to  Chicago 
in  1865;  read  law  and  was  graduated  from  the 
law  department  of  Chicago  university  in  1871, 
and  admitted  to  the  Illinois  bar  the  same 
year ;  appointed  prosecuting  attorney  of  the 
lovyer  courts  in  1877 ;  appointed  justice  of  the 
peace  by  the  judges  of  Cook  county  in  1881; 
elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Fifty-fourth  Con- 
gress (March  4,  1895-March  3,  1897)  ;  died  in 
Elgin,  111.,  March  18,  1898. 

Woodruff,  George  Catlin,  a  Representative 
from  Connecticut;  born  in  Litchfield,  Conn., 
December  1,  1805 ;  was  graduated  from  Yale 
college  in  1825 ;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to 
the  bar,  and  began  practice  in  Litchfield;  post- 
master of  Litchfleld  for  fourteen  years;  state 
representative;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the 
Thirty-seventh  Congress  (March  4,  1861-March 
3;  1863)  ;  defeated  for  the  Thirty-eighth  Con- 
gress; died  in  Litchfield,  Conn.,  November  21, 
1885.  • 

Woodruff,  John,  a  Representative  from  Con- 
necticut; born  in  West  Hartford,  Conn.,  Feb- 
ruary 12,  1826;  received  a  limited  schooling; 


elected  as  an  American  to  the  Thirty-fourth  Con- 
gress (March  4,  1855-March  3,  1857),  and  re- 
elected  to  the  Thirty -sixth  Congress  (March  4, 
1859-March  3,  1861)  ;  collector  of  internal  reve- 
nue for  the  second  district  of  Connetcicut  from 
1862,  until  his  death  in  New  Haven,  Conn.,  May 
20.  1868. 

Woodruff,  Thomas  M.,  a  Representative  from 
New  York ;  elected  to  the  Twenty-ninth  Congress 
(March  4,  1845-March  3,  1847). 

Woods,  Henry,  a  Representative  from  Penn- 
sylvania ;  natwe  of  Pennsylvania ;  received  a 
limited  schooling;  took  an  active  part  in  pre- 
Revolutionary  affairs;  elected  to  the  Sixth  and 
Seventh  Congresses  (March  4,  1799-March  3, 
1803). 

Woods,  John,  a  Representative  from  Ohio; 
born  in  Jonestown,  Dauphin  county,  Pa.,  October 
18,  1794 ;  moved  with  his  parents  to  Ohio,  where 
he  attended  the  common  schools ;  studied  law, 
was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  began  practice  in 
Hamilton,  Ohio,  August  19,  1819;  elected  to  the 
Nineteenth  and  Twentieth  Congresses  (March  4, 
1825-March  3,  1829)  ;  engaged  in  newspaper 
work;  elected  state  auditor  January  30,  1845, 
and  served  six  years;  died  in  Hamilton,  Ohio, 
July  30,  1855. 

Woods,  Samuel  Davis,  a  Representative  from 
California ;  born  in  Mount  Pleasant,  Maury 
county,  Tenn.,  September  19,  1845;  moved  to 
California  in  February,  1850;  attended  the  pub- 
lic schools ;  studied  law  and  was  admitted  to  the 
California  bar  in  April,  1875,  and  engaged  in 
practice  in  Stockton  and  in  the  city  and  county 
of  San  Francisco;  elected  to  the  Fifty-sixth 
Congress  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  .the  resigna- 
tion of  Marion  De  Vries;  reelected  to  the  Fifty- 
seventh  Congress  and  served  from  December  3, 
1900,  to  March  3,  1903 ;  resumed  law  practice  in 
San  Francisco,  Cal. 

Woods,  William,  a  Representative  from  New 
York ;  born  in  Washington  county,  N.  Y.,  in 
1790;  received  a  limited  schooling;  studied  law. 
was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  practiced  in  Bath, 
N,  Y. ;  state  representative  1823-1825 ;  elected  to 
the  Eighteenth  Congress  (March  4,  1823-March 
3,  1825)  ;  died  in  Bath,  N.  Y.,  August  7,  1837. 

Woodson,  Samuel  H.,  a  Representative  from 
Kentucky;  elected  to  the  Seventeenth  Congress 
(March  4,  1821-March  3,  1823) ;  defeated  for  re- 
election. 

Woodson,  Samuel  Hughes,  a  Representative 
from  Missouri ;  born  in  Jessamine  county,  Ky., 
October  24,  1815;  was  graduated  from  Centre 
college;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar, 
and  practiced  in  Independence,  Mo. ;  state  repre- 
sentative 1853-1854;  delegate  to  the  state  con- 
stitutional convention  in  1855 ;  elected  as  an 
American  to  the  Thirty-fifth  and  Thirty-sixth 
Congresses  (March  4,  1857-March  3,  1861)  ;  died 
in  Independence,  Mo.,  in  July,  1881. 

Woodward,  George  Washington,  a  Represent- 
ative from  Pennsylvania ;  born  in  Bethany,  Pa., 
March  26,  1809 ;  completed  preparatory  studies ; 
studied  law,  and  began  practice  in  Wilkes-Barre, 
Pa. ;  delegate  in  the  state  constitutional  conven- 
tion of  1827;  president  judge  of  the  fourth  ju- 
dicial district  1841-1851 ;  judge  of  the  superior 
court  of  Pennsylvania  1852-1867 ;  defeated  as  a 
Democrat  for  governor  in  1863;  elected  as  a 


BIOGKAPHIES. 


1129 


Democrat  to  the  Fortieth  Congress,  to  fill  va- 
cancy caused  by  the  death  of  Charles  Denison ; 
reelected  to  the  Forty-first  Congress  and  served 
from  November  21,  1867,  to  March  3,  1871; 
delegate  in  the  Democratic  national  convention 
in  New  York  in  1868 ;  delegate  in  the  state  con- 
stitutional convention  of  1873;  died  in  Rome, 
Italy,  May  10,  1875. 

Woodward,  Gilbert  Metier,  a  Representative 
from  Wisconsin;  born  in  Washington,  D.  C., 
December  25, 1835 ;  attended  the  common  schools ; 
studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  en- 
gaged in  practice  in  La  Crosse,  Wis.,  hi  Febru- 
ary, 1860;  served  in  the  Union  army  during 
the  civil  war  a  little  over  three  years,  and  in 
that  time  was  private,  first  sergeant,  second 
lieutenant,  first  lieutenant,  and  adjutant  of  the 
second  Wisconsin  volunteer  infantry ;  district 
attorney  of  La  Crosse  county  1866-1873;  mayor 
of  the  city  of  La  Crosse  1874-1875;  city  attor- 
ney 1876-1882;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the 
Forty-eighth  Congress  (March  4,  1883-March  3, 
1885)  ;  defeated  for  the  Forty-ninth  Congress; 
Democratic  candidate  for  governor  of  Wisconsin 
in  1886  and  defeated;  delegate  to  the  Demo- 
cratic national  convention  in  St.  Louis  in  1888; 
a  resident  of  La  Crosse,  Wis.,  and  engaged  in 
the  practice  of  law. 

Woodward,  Joseph  Addison,  a  Representative 
from  South  Carolina ;  born  in  Fairfield  district, 
S.  C.,  April  11, 1806 ;  received  an  academic  train- 
ing and  was  graduated  from  the  South  Carolina 
college,  Columbia ;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to 
the  bar,  and  practiced;  several  times  elected  to 
the  state  legislature;  elected  to  the  Twenty- 
eighth,  Twenty-ninth,  Thirtieth,  Thirty-first,  and 
Thirty-second  Congresses  (March  4,  1843-March 

3,  1853)  ;    declined  further  service;    moved  to 
Alabama   and   continued   the   practice   of  law; 
died  in  Talladega,  Ala.,  August  3,  1885. 

Woodward,  William,  a  Representative  from 
South  Carolina ;  elected  to  the  Fourteenth  Con- 
gress (March  4,  1815-March  3,  1817). 

Woodworth,  James  Hutchinson,  a  Represent- 
ative from  Illinois;  born  in  Greenwich,  N.  Y. , 
December  4,  1804 ;  received  a  limited  schooling ; 
moved  to  Fabius,  N.  Y.,  and  taught  school;  be- 
came a  merchant;  moved  to  Erie,  Pa.,  in  1827, 
and  to  Chicago,  111.,  in  1833;  member  of  the 
state  senate  in  1839  and  of  the  state  house  of 
representatives  1842 ;  two  years  mayor  of  Chi- 
cago ;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Thirty- 
fourth  Congress  (March  4,  1855-March  3,  1857)  ; 
died  in  Highland  Park,  111.,  March  26,  1869. 

Woodworth,  Laurin  Dewey,  a  Representative 
from  Ohio ;  born  in  Windharn,  Portage  county, 
Ohio,  September  10,  1837;  pursued  classical 
studies;  studied  law,  and  in  1859  was  admitted 
to  the  bar,  and  practiced  in  Youugstown,  Ohio ; 
major  in  the  Union  army;  state  senator  1867 
and  1869 ;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Forty- 
third  and  Forty -fourth  Congresses  (March  4, 
1873-March  3,  1877)  ;  died  in  Youngstown,  Ohio, 
March  13,  1897. 

Woodworth,  William  W.,  a  Representative 
from  New  York  ;  a  native  of  Connecticut ;  moved 
to  Hyde  Park,  N.  Y. ;  received  a  limited  school- 
ing; held  several  local  offices;  elected  as  a 
Democrat  to  the  Twenty-ninth  Congress  (March 

4.  1845-March  3,  1847). 


Woodyard,  Harry  Chapman,  a  Representa- 
tive from  West  Virginia ;  born  in  Spencer,  W. 
Va.,  November  12,  1867 ;  attended  the  common 
schools;  engaged  in  the  wholesale  grocery  and 
lumber  business;  elected  to  the  state  senate  in 
1898;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Fifty- 
eighth,  Fifty-ninth,  Sixtieth,  and  Sixty-first  Con- 
gresses (March  4,  1903-March  3,  1911)  ;  resumed 
business  in  Spencer,  W.  Va. 

Woomer,  Ephraim  Milton,  a  Representative 
from  Pennsylvania  ;  born  in  Jonestown,  Lebanon 
county,  Pa..  January  14,  1844 ;  attended  the  com- 
mon  schools;    enlisted   in   c6mpany   A,   ninety- 
third  regiment  Pennsylvania  volunteers,  in  Sep- 
tember, 1861 ;   promoted  to  sergeant ;   wounded 
twice  at  Salem  Heights  and  lost  a  leg  in  the 
battle   of   the   Wilderness,    May   5,    1864;    dis- j 
charged  from  hospital  September  9,  1865 ;  taught ! 
school  until  1869 ;  clerk  of  the  orphanls  court  of 
Lebanon  county  three  years ;  cashier  of  the  Peo- 
ple's bank,  of  Lebanon ;  member  of  the  councils 
of  the  borough  of  Lebanon  1883-1885 ;  president 
of  select  councils  of  the  city  of  Lebanon  1885- '; 
1889 ;  delegate  in  the  Republican  national  con- ! 
vention  of  1888 ;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the 
Fifty-third  and  Fifty-fourth  Congresses  (March 
4,  1893-March  3,  1897)  ;  died  in  Lebanon,  Pa., 
November  29,  1897. 

Wooten,  Dudley  Goodall,  a  Representative 
from  Texas;  born  in  Greene  county,  Mo.,  June 
19,  1856;  moved  to  Texas  in  infancy  during  the 
Civil  war;  attended  a  private  school  in  Paris 
and  was  graduated  from  Princeton  university ;  '• 
was  a  fellow  in  Johns  Hopkins  university,  Balti- 
more, and  was  graduated  from  the  law  depart- 
ment of  the  university  of  Virginia ;  admitted 
to  the  bar  and  practiced  in  Austin,  Tex.,  where 
he  was  prosecuting  attorney;  moved  to  Dnllas, 
Tex.,  in  1888;  presidential  elector  on  the  Demo- 
cratic ticket  in  1892;  member  of  the  legislature 
of  Texas  in  1898 ;  delegate  in  the  Chicago  trust 
conference  of  1899;  delegate  to  the  National 
Civic  Federation  in  Buffalo  in  1901;  elected  as 
a  Democrat  to  the  Fifty-seventh  Congress,  to 
fill  vacancy  caused  by  the  death  of  Robert  B. 
Burke,  and  served  from  December  2,  1901,  to 
March  3,  1903;  moved  to  Seattle,  Wash.,  and 
continued  in  the  practice  of  law. 

Worcester,  Samuel  Thomas,  a  Representative 
from  Ohio ;  born  in  Hollis,  N.  H.,  August  30, 1804 ; 
was  graduated  from  Cambridge  university  in 
1830 ;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and 
began  practice  in  Norwalk,  Ohio ;  member  of 
the  state  senate  1848-1849;  judge  of  the  court 
of  common  pleas  1859-1860;  elected  as  a  Re- 
publican to  the  Thirty-seventh  Congress  (March 
4,  1861-March  3.  1863)  ;  died  in  Nashua,  N.  H., 
December  6,  1882. 

Word,  Thomas  J.,  a  Representative  from  Mis- 
sissippi ;  native  of  Surry  county,  N.  C. ;  member 
of  the  state  house  of  representatives  in  1832; 
moved  to  Mississippi  and  located  in  Pontotoc; 
elected  as  a  Whig  to  the  Twenty-fifth  Congress 
(March  4,  1837-March  3,  1839). 

Worman,  Ludwig,  a  Representative  from 
Pennsylvania;  native  of  Bucks  county,  Pa.;  re- 
ceived a  limited  schooling;  engaged  in  the  tan- 
ning industry;  elected  to  the  Seventeenth  Con- 
gress and  served  from  March  4,  1821,  until  his 
death  in  Bucks  county,  Pa.,  September  21,  1822. 


1130 


CONGRESSIONAL   DIRECTORY. 


Wortendyke,  Jacob  Hynier,  a  Representative 
from  New  Jersey ;  born  in  Chestnut  Ridge,  N.  J., 
November  27,  1818 ;  was  graduated  from  Rutgers 
college  in  1839;  taught  for  ten  years;  studied 
law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  began  prac- 
tice in  Jersey  City,  N.  J. ;  held  several  local  of- 
fices; elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Thirty-fifth 
Congress  (March  4,  1857-March  3,  1859)  ;  died 
in  Jersey  City,  N.  J.,  November  7,  1868. 

Worthington,  Henry  Gaither,  a  Delegate  and 
a  Representative  from  Nevada ;  born  in  Cumber- 
land, Md.,  February  9,  1828;  completed  prepara- 
tory studies;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the 
bar,  and  began  practice  in  Tuolumne  county, 
Cal. ;  located  in  San  Francisco,  Cal. ;  member  of 
the  state  house  of  representatives  in  1861 ; 
moved  to  Nevada  in  1862  and  located  in  Austin ; 
elected  a  Delegate  to  the  Thirty-eighth  Con- 
gress, serving  from  March  4,  1863,  to  December 
21,  1864,  when  he  took  his  seat  as  a  Representa- 
tive from  the  new  state  of  Nevada  and  served 
until  March  3,  1865;  minister  to  Uruguay  and 
the  Argentine  Republic,  1868-1869,  by  appoint- 
ment of  President  Johnson ;  bearer  at  President 
Lincoln's  funeral;  died  in  Washington,  D.  C., 
July  29,  1909. 

Worthington,  John  T.  H.,  a  Representative 
from  Maryland ;  native  of  Maryland ;  received  a 
limited  schooling;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the 
Twenty-second  Congress  (March  4,  1831-March 
3,  1833)  ;  defeated  for  the  Twenty-third  and 
Twenty-fourth  Congresses ;  elected  to  the  Twen- 
ty-fifth and  Twenty-sixth  Congresses  (March  4, 
1837-March  3,  1841)  ;  died  in  Baltimore  county, 
Md.,  April  27,  1849. 

Worthington,  Nicholas  Ellsworth,  a  Repre- 
sentative from  Illinois;  born  in  Brooke  county, 
W.  Va.,  March  30,  1836;  was  graduated  from 
Allegheny  college,  Pennsylvania ;  studied  law, 
-was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  practiced ;  located 
in  Peoria,  111. ;  county  superintendent  of  schools 
of  Peoria  county  1865-1872 ;  member  of  the  state 
board  of  education  1869-1872;  elected  as  a  Dem- 
ocrat to  the  Forty-eighth  and  Forty-ninth  Con- 
gresses (March  4,  1883-March  3,  1887)  ;  circuit 
judge  of  the  tenth  judicial  district  of  Illinois 
since  1891. 

Worthington,  Thomas,  a  Senator  from  Ohio ; 
born  in  Jefferson  county,  Va.,  July  16,  1773; 
completed  preparatory  studies ;  moved  to  Ross 
county,  Ohio,  in  1798 ;  member  of  the  territorial 
legislature  1799-1801 ;  delegate  in  the  state  con- 
vention of  1803 ;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the 
United  States  Senate  and  served  from  April  1. 
1803,  to  March  3,  1807;  again  elected,  to  fill  va- 
cancy caused  by  the  resignation  of  Return  J. 
Meigs,  jr.,  and  served  from  December  15,  1810. 
to  December  1,  1814,  when  he  resigned ;  governor 
of  Ohio  1814—1818 ;  canal  commissioner  from 
1818  until  his  death  in  New  York  city  June  20, 
1827. 

Worthington,  Thomas  Contee,  a  Representa- 
tive from  Maryland ;  born  near  Annapolis,  Prince 
George  county,  Md.,  November  25,  1782 ;  received 
a  limited  schooling;  served  as  a  captain  and 
was  successively  promoted  to  a  brigadier  gen- 
eral of  the  Maryland  militia  in  the  War  of  1812; 
studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  prac- 
ticed in  Frederick,  Md. ;  member  of  the  execu- 
tive council  under  the  first  constitution ;  elected 


to  the  Nineteenth  Congress  (March  4,  1825- 
March  3,  1827)  ;  died  in  Frederick,  Md.,  April 
12.  1847. 

Wren,  Thomas,  a  Representative  from  Cali- 
fornia ;  native  of  McArthurstown,  Ohio ;  re- 
ceived a  limited  schooling;  studied  law  and  was 
admitted  to  the  bar ;  held  several  local  offices ; 
resident  of  Eldorado  county,  Cal.,  1855-1857; 
city  attorney  of  Austin,  Nev.,  1874—1876;  mem- 
ber of  the  state  legislature  in  1875;  elected  as  a 
Republican  to  the  Forty-fifth  Congress  (March 
4,  1877-March  3,  1879). 

Wright,  Ashley  Bascom,  a  Representative 
from  Massachusetts;  born  in  Hinsdale,  Berk- 
shire county,  Mass.,  May  25,  1841 ;  attended  the 
public  schools  and  Lincoln  academy,  in  Hins- 
dale ;  moved  to  North  Adams,  Mass.,  in  1861 ; 
appointed  chief  deputy  collector  of  internal  rev- 
enue for  the  tenth  district  of  Massachusetts; 
resigned  in  1865  and  engaged  in  business ;  elect- 
ed selectman ;  commissioner  for  county  of  Berk- 
shire, 1884-1887,  and  chairman  one  year;  mem- 
ber of  the  state  executive  council,  1890  and 
1891;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Fifty-third, 
Fifty-fourth,  and  Fifty-fifth  Congresses  and 
served  from  March  4,  1893  until  his  death  in 
North  Adams,  Mass.,  August  14,  1897. 

Wright,  Augustus  Romaldus,  a  Representa- 
tive from  Georgia ;  born  in  Wrightsboro,  Ga., 
June  16,  1813;  completed  preparatory  studies; 
studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  began 
practice  in  Rome,  Ga. ;  elected  circuit  judge  in 
1842  and  reelected  but  resigned ;  elected  as  a 
Democrat  to  the  Thirty-fifth  Congress  (March 
4,  1857-March  3.  1859)  ;  died  at  Glenwood,  near 
Rome,  Ga.,  March  31,  1891. 

Wright,  Charles  Frederick,  a  Representative 
from  Pennsylvania ;  born  in  Forest  Lake  town- 
ship, Susquehanna  county,  Pa.,  May  3,  1856;  at- 
tended public  schools  and  was  graduated  from 
Montrose  academy  in  1874 ;  teller  of  the  first 
national  bank  of  Montrose,  Pa..  1875-1881 ;  as- 
sistant cashier  and  cashier  of  the  first  national 
bank  of  Susequehanna  Depot,  1882-1899;  dele- 
gate in  the  St.  Louis  Republican  convention  of 
1896 ;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Fifty-sixth, 
Fifty-seventh,  and  Fifty-eighth  Congresses 
(March  4,  1899-March  3,  1905)  ;  delegate  in  the 
Republican  national  conventions  of  1904  and 
1908 ;  appointed  state  treasurer,  to  fill  a  va- 
cancy. 

Wright,  Daniel  B.,  a  Representative  from 
Mississippi ;  native  of  Tennessee ;  moved  to  Sa- 
lem, Miss. ;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Thirty- 
third  and  Thirty-fourth  Congresses  (March  4, 
1853-March  3,  1857). 

Wright,  Edwin  R.  V.,  a  Representative  from 
New  Jersey ;  born  in  Hoboken,  N.  J.,  January  2, 
1812;  completed  preparatory  studies;  engaged  in 
newspaper  work  in  1835 ;  studied  law,  was  ad- 
mitted to  the  bar,  and  began  practice  in  Ho- 
boken in  1835;  state  senator  in  1843;  district  at- 
torney for  Hudson  county  1851-1855 :  elected  as 
a  Democrat  to  the  Thirty-ninth  Congress  (March 
4,  1865-March  3,  1867)  ;  died  in  Jersey  City, 
N.  J.,  January  19,  1876. 

Wright,  George  Grover,  a  Senator  from  Iowa ; 
born  in  Bloomington,  Ind..  March  24,  1820:  was 
graduated  from  the  Indiana  university  in  Bloom- 
ington in  1842;  studied  law  in  Rockville,  Ind., 


BIOGRAPHIES. 


1131 


moved  to  Kesanqua,  Iowa,  in  1840;  was  ad- 
mitted to  the  bar  and  practiced;  prosecuting 
attorney  of  Van  Buren  county  1847-1848 ;  state 
senator  1849,  and  served  two  terms ;  chosen 
chief  justice  of  the  state  supreme  court  in  1854, 
and  elected  to  the  same  bench  in  1860  and  1865 ; 
removed  to  Des  Moines,  Iowa,  in  1865;  elected 
as  a  Republican  to  the  United  States  Senate, 
and  served  from  March  4,  1871,  to  March  3, 
1877;  died  in  Des  Moines,  Iowa,  January  9, 
1896. 

Wright,  George  Washington,  a  Representa- 
tive from  California ;  born  in  Concord,  Mass. : 
attended  the  public  schools ;  became  a  merchant 
in  Boston;  engaged  in  newsp.-iper  work;  moved 
to  California  in  1849;  elected  one  of  the  first 
Representatives  from  the  new  state  of  Cali- 
fornia to  the  Thirty-first  Congress  and  served 
from  September  11,  1850,  to  March  3,  1851. 

Wright,  Hendrick  Bradley,  a  Representative 
from  Pennsylvania ;  born  in  Plymouth,  Luzerne 
county,  Pa.,  April  24,  1808 ;  attended  tha  Wilkes- 
Barre  grammar  school  and  was  graduated  from 
Dickinson  college  in  1829 ;  studied  law,  was  ad- 
mitted to  the  bar  November  8,  1831,  and  com- 
menced practice  in  Wilkes-Barre ;  appointed  dis- 
trict attorney  for  Luzerne  county  in  1834 ;  mem- 
ber of  the  state  house  of  representatives  1841- 
1843,  and  served  the  last  year  as  speaker ;  dele- 
gate in  the  national  Democratic  convention  in 
Baltimore  in  1844  which  nominated  Polk  and 
Dallas,  and  served  as  temporary  and  permanent 
chairman ;  delegate  to  the  subsequent  national 
Democratic  conventions  which  nominated  Cass, 
Pierce,  Buchanan,  Douglas,  Seymour,  and  Til- 
den  ;  elected  to  the  Thirty-third  Congress  (March 
4,  1853-March  3,  1855)  reelected  to  the  Thirty- 
seventh  Congress,  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  the 
death  of  George  W.  Scrautou,  and  served 
from  July  4,  1861,  to  March  3,  1863;  reelected 
as  a  Democrat  and  National  to  the  Forty-fifth 
and  Forty-sixth  Congresses  (March  4,  1877- 
March  3,  1881)  ;  died  in  Wilkes-Barre,  Pa.,  Sep- 
tember 2,  1881. 

Wright,  John  Crafts,  a  Representative  from 
Ohio ;  born  in  Wethersfield,  Conn.,  August  17, 
1783;  completed  preparatory  studies;  learned 
the  trade  of  a  printer,  located  in  Troy,  N.  Y., 
and  edited  the  Troy  Gazette  for  several  years; 
studied  law  in  Litchfieid,  Conn.,  was  admitted 
to  the  bar,  and  began  practice  in  Steubenville. 
Ohio,  in  1809;  United  States  district  attorney 
in  1817 ;  judge  of  the  state  supreme  court ; 
elected  as  an  Adams  Democrat  to  the  Eighteenth, 
Nineteenth,  and  Twentieth  Congresses  (March  4, 
1823-March  3,  1829);  defeated  for  reelection; 
elected  to  the  Ohio  supreme  bench  in  1831 ; 
moved  to  Cincinnati  in  1835  and  engaged  in 
newspaper  work,  and  for  thirteen  years  proprie- 
tor of  the  Cincinnati  Gazette;  delegate  to  the 
peace  congress  in  Washington,  D.  C.,  in  Febru- 
ary, 1861,  and  died  while  serving,  in  Washing- 
ton, D.  C.,  February  13,  1861. 

Wright,  John  Vines,  a  Representative  from 
Tennessee;  born  in  Purdy,  McNairy  county, 
Tenn.,  June  28,  1828 ;  completed  preparatory 
studies;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar, 
and  began  practice  in  Purdy,  Tenn. ;  elected  as 
a  Democrat  to  the  Thirty-fourth,  Thirty-fifth, 
and  Thirty-sixth  Congresses  (March  4,  1855- 
March  3,  1861)  ;  served  in  the  Confederate  army 


as  colonel  of  the  thirteenth  Tennessee  infantry 
in  1861;  member  of  the  first  and  second  confed- 
erate congresses;  judge  of  the  circuit  court  of 
Tennessee,  and  chancellor  and  judge  of  the  state 
supreme  court ;  practiced  law  in  Nashville,  Tenn., 
1865-1886;  chairman  of  the  Northwest  Indian 
commission  in  1886,  and  member  of  commission 
to  treat  with  the  Great  Sioux  nation  in  Dakota; 
defeated  as  an  Anti-repudiation  Democrat  for 
governor  of  Tennessee  in  1880 ;  appointed  to  the 
law  division  of  the  general  land  oflice  in  1887, 
and  served  until  his  death  in  Washington,  D.  C., 
June  19,  1910. 

Wright,  Joseph  Albert,  a  Representative  and 
a  Senator  from  Indiana ;  born  in  Washington, 
Pa.,  April  17,  1810 ;  moved  to  Indiana,  where  he 
was  graduated  from  the  University  of  Indiana ; 
studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and,  in 
1829,  began  practice  in  Rockville,  Ind. ;  state 
representative  in  1833  and  state  senator  in  1840 ; 
elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Twenty-eighth 
Congress  (March  4,  1843-March  3,  1845)  ;  de- 
feated for  reelection ;  governor  of  Indiana  1849- 
1857;  United  States  minister  to  Prussia  1857- 
1861;  elected  to  the  United  States  Senate,  to 
fill  vacancy  caused  by  the  expulsion  of  Jesse  D. 
Bright,  and  served  from  February  24,  1862,  to 
January  14,  1863;  again  appointed  United  States 
minister  to  Prussia,  and  served  from  June  30, 
1865,  until  his  death,  hi  Berlin,  Prussia,  May  11, 
1867. 

Wright,  Myron  Benjamin,  a  Representative 
from  Pennsylvania;  born  in  Forest  Lake,  Sus- 
qnehanna  county,  Pa.,  June  12,  1847 ;  attended 
the  common  schools  and  pursued  an  academic 
course;  taught  school  and  employed  as  clerk  in 
the  first  National  Bank  of  Susquehanna  1865- 
1866;  elected  assistat  cashier  of  bank  in  1867, 
and  cashier  in  1869 ;  interested  in  several  finan- 
cial, business,  and  manufacturing  enterprises; 
elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Fifty-first,  Fifty- 
second,  and  Fifty-third  Congresses  and  served 
from  March  4,  1889  until  his  death  in  Trenton, 
Canada,  November  13,  1894. 

Wright,  Bx>bert,  a  Senator  and  a  Representa- 
tive from  Maryland;  born  in  Marlborough, 
Queen  Amies  county,  Md.,  November  20,  1752; 
attended  the  common  schools;  studied  law,  was 
admitted  to  the  bar,  and  began  practice  in  Ches- 
tertown,  Md. ;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the 
United  States  Senate  and  served  from  November 
19,  1801,  to  1806,  when  he  resigned;  governor 
1806-1809 ;  elected  to  the  Eleventh  Congress,  to 
fill  vacancy  caused  by  the  resignation  of  John 
Brown;  reelected  to  the  Twelfth,  Thirteenth, 
and  Fourteenth  Congresses,  and  served  from  De- 
cember 3,  1810,  to  March  3,  1817;  reelected  to 
the  Seventeenth  Congress  (March  4,  1821-March 
3,  1823)  ;  district  judge  of  Kent  county;  died  in 
"  Blak.esford,"  Queen  Annes  county,  Md.,  Sep- 
tember 7,  1826. 

Wright,  Samuel  G.,  a  Representative  from 
New  Jersey ;  born  in  1787 ;  elected  to  the  Twen- 
ty-ninth Congress,  but  died  before  the  assem- 
bling of  Congress,  July  30,  1845. 

Wright,  Silas,  jr.,  a  Representative  and  a 
Senator  from  New  York;  born  in  Amherst, 
Mass.,  May  24,  1795 ;  moved  with  father  to  Wey- 
bridge.  Vt..  in  1796;  was  graduated  from  Mid- 
dlebury  academy  in  1815;  moved  to  Sandy  Hill, 
Washington  county,  N.  Y.,  in  1816;  studied  law, 


1132 


CONGRESSIONAL   DIRECTORY. 


was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  January,  1819,  and 
began  practice  in  Canton,  N.  Y. ;  surrogate  of 
Rockland  county  from  February  4,  1821,  to  Jan- 
uary 1,  1824;  state  senator  1824-1827;  elected 
as  a  Democrat  to  the  Twentieth  Congress  and 
served  from  March  4,  1827  until  February  16, 
1829,  when  he  resigned;  successfully  contested 
the  election  of  George  Fisher  in  the  Twenty- 
first  Congress,  but  refused  to  take  his  seat,  pre- 
ferring to  act  as  comptroller  of  the  state  of 
New  York,  1829-1833;  member  of  Democratic 
National  convention  of  1832;  elected  to  the 
United  States  Senate,  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by 
the  resignation  of  William  L.  Marcy;  reelected 
and  served  from  January  4,  1833,  to  December 
1,  1844,  when  he  resigned  to  become  governor 
of  New  York ;  governor  1844-1846 ;  defeated  for 
reelection;  died  in  Canton,  N.  Y.,  August  27, 
1847. 

Wright,  Turbett,  a  Delegate  from  Maryland ; 
gat  in  the  Continental  Congress  1781-1782. 

Wright,  William,  a  Representative  and  a 
Senator  from  New  Jersey ;  born  in  Clarkstown, 
Eockland  county,  N.  Y.,  November  13,  1789;  at- 
tended the  public  schools;  was  a  volunteer  for 
the  defense  of  Stonington,  Conn.,  in  the  War  of 
1812;  learned  the  saddler's  trade  and  engaged 
in  business  in  Bridgeport,  Conn.,  in  1815 ;  moved 
to  Newark,  N.  J.,  in  1821;  mayor  of  Newark 
1840-1843 ;  elected  as  a  Henry  Clay  Whig  to  the 
Twenty-eighth  and  Twenty-ninth  Congresses 
(March  4,  1842-March  3,  1847)  ;  elected  as  a 
Democrat  to  the  United  States  Senate  and  served 
from  March  4,  1853,  to  March  3,  1859;  again 
elected  to  the  United  States  Senate  and  served 
from  March  4,  1863,  until  his  death  in  Newark, 
N.  J.,  November  1,  1866. 

Wurts,  John,  a  Representative  from  Penn- 
sylvania ;  born  in  Flanders,  Morris  county,  N.  J., 
August  13,  1792;  was  graduated  from  Princeton 
college  in  1813 ;  moved  to  Philadelphia,  Pa. ; 
studied  law  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar ;  mem- 
ber of  the  state  house  of  representatives  in 
1817  and  state  senator  in  1820;  elected  to  the 
Nineteenth  Congress  (March  4,  1825-March  3, 
1827)  ;  United  States  district  attorney;  died  iu 
Home,  Italy,  April  23,  1861. 

Wynkoop,  Henry,  a  Delegate  and  a  Repre- 
sentative from  Pennsylvania ;  born  in  North- 
ampton county,  Pa.,  March  2,  1737;  completed 
English  and  classical  studies ;  member  of  the 
Northampton  committee  of  observation  in  1774 ; 
deputy  in  the  provincial  conferences  of  July  15, 
1774,  and  June  18,  1775;  major  of  one  of  the 
associated  battalions;  member  of  the  general 
committee  of  safety  July,  1776,  to  July,  1777; 
Delegate  in  the  Continental  Congress  1779- 
1783;  justice  of  the  court  of  common  pleas  and 
the  orphans'  court  November  18,  1780- June  27, 
1789;  elected  to  the  First  Congress  (March  4, 
1789-March  3,  1791)  ;  appointed  associate  judge 
of  Bucks  county,  and  served  until  his  death  in 
Bucks  county,  Pa.,  March  25,  1816. 

Wynn,  Richard,  a  Representative  from  South 
Carolina ;  born  in  eastern  Virginia  about  1750 ; 
received  a  limited  schooling;  moved  to  Georgia; 
entered  the  Revolutionary  army  as  lieutenant  and 
attained  the  rank  of  major-general;  elected  to 
the  Third  and  Fourth  Congresses  (March  4, 
1793-March  3,  1797)  ;  reelected  to  the  Seventh, 


Eighth,  Ninth,  Tenth,  Eleventh,  and  Twelfth 
Congresses  (March  4,  1801-March  3,  1813)  ;  died 
in  Tennessee  in  1813. 

Wynn,  William  Joseph,  a  Representative 
from  California ;  born  in  San  Francisco,  Cal., 
June  12,  1860;  attended  public  schools  of  San 
Francisco ;  practical  machinist ;  member  of 
board  of  supervisors;  elected  as  a  Union-Labor 
and  Democratic  nominee  to  the  Fifty-eighth  Con- 
gress (March  4,  1903-March  3,  1905). 

Wynns,  Thomas,  a  Representative  from  North 
Carolina ;  born  in  Hertford  county,  N.  C.,  in 
1764;  in  1780  was  captured  at  sea  in  a  vessel 
called  the  Fair  American  and,  with  several 
other  colonists,  was  carried  to  London ;  returned 
to  North  Carolina,  and  located  as  a  planter  in 
Hertford  county ;  member  of  state  convention 
for  the  ratification  of  the  Federal  constitution 
in  1788 ;  state  senator  1790-1802,  and  1807-1817 ; 
elected  to  the  Seventh  Congress,  to  fill  vacancy 
caused  by  the  death  of  Charles  Johnson;  re- 
elected  to  the  Eighth  and  Ninth  Congresses,  and 
served  from  December  7,  1802,  to  March  3,  1807 ; 
resumed  planting  in  Hertford  county ;  member 
of  the  executive  council,  and  a  brigadier  gen- 
eral of  militia;  died  in  Hertford  county,  N.  C., 
June  3,  1825. 

Wythe,  George,  a  Delegate  from  Virginia; 
born  in  Elizabeth  City  county,  Va.,  in  1726 ;  pri- 
vately instructed  and  attended  William  and 
Mary  college ;  studied  law  and  was  admitted  to 
the  bar  in  1757;  member  of  the  house  of  bur- 
gesses 1758-1775;  Delegate  in  the  Continental 
Congress  1775-1777 ;  a  signer  of  the  Declara- 
tion of  Independence;  Speaker  of  the  House  of 
Delegates  in  1777 ;  judge  of  the  chancery  court 
of  Virginia  the  same  year,  and  was  later  chosen 
sole  chancellor,  and  served  for  over  twenty 
years ;  professor  of  law  in  William  and  Mary 
college  1779-1789;  member  of  the  Federal  con- 
stitutional convention  in  1786;  moved  to  Rich- 
mond, Va.,  in  1789,  was  twice  a  presidential 
elector,  and  emancipated  his  slaves;  died  from 
the  effects  of  poison  in  Richmond,  Va.,  June  8, 
1806. 

Yancey,  Bartlett,  a  Representative  from 
North  Carolina ;  born  in  Caswell  county,  N.  C., 
February  19,  1785 ;  attended  school  in  Caswell 
and  afterwards  taught  in  the  same  school  and 
pursued  classical  studies  under  a  private  tutor ; 
was  graduated  from  the  University  of  North 
Carolina ;  studied  law  in  Chapel  Hill,  N.  C., 
with  Judge  A.  D.  Murphy  and  was  admitted  to 
the  bar ;  elected  to  the  Thirteenth  and  Four- 
teenth Congresses  (March  4,  1813-March  3, 
1817)  ;  declined  a  renomination ;  member  of  the 
state  senate  and  its  presiding  officer  1817-1827 ; 
declined  the  appointment  of  minister  to  Peru, 
tendered  by  President  John  Quincy  Adams  in 
1826,  and  also  declined  an  appointment  to  the 
supreme  bench  of  North  Carolina ;  died  in  Cas- 
well county,  N.  C.,  August  30,  1828. 

Yancey,  Joel,  a  Representative  from  Ken- 
tucky ;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Twentieth 
and  Twenty-first  Congresses  (March  4,  1827- 
March  3,  1831). 

Yancey,  William  Lowndes,  a  Representative 
from  Alabama ;  born  in  Ogeechee  Shoals,  Ga., 
August  10,  1814 ;  completed  preparatory  studies 
and  attended  Williams  college,  Mass. ;  studied 
law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  began  prac- 


BIOGEAPHIES. 


1133 


tice  in  Greenville,  S.  C. ;  moved  in  1837  to  We- 
tunipka,  Ala.,  where  he  engaged  in  newspaper 
work ;  state  representative  1841  and  state  sena- 
tor 1842 ;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Twenty- 
eighth  Congress,  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  the 
resignation  of  Dixon  H.  Lewis;  reeleSted  to  the 
Twenty-ninth  Congress,  and  served  from  Decem- 
ber 2,  1844,  to  September  1,  1846,  when  he  re- 
signed ;  moved  to  Montgomery,  Ala.,  and  resumed 
the  practice  of  law ;  delegate  in  the  national  Dem- 
ocratic convention  in  Baltimore  in  1848,  in  Cincin- 
nati in  1856,  and  Charleston  in  1860;  presidential 
elector  on  the  Buchanan  ticket  in  1856 ;  presi- 
dential elector  in  1860 ;  delegate  in  the  state  con 
vention  of  Alabama  in  1861 ;  served  in  the  Con- 
federate congress;  died  on  his  plantation  near 
Montgomery,  Ala.,  July  28,  1863. 

Yaple,  George  L.,  a  Representative  from 
Michigan ;  born  in  Leonidas,  St.  Joseph  county, 
Mich.,  February  20,  1851 ;  moved  with  his  par- 
ents to  Mendon,  in  the  same  county,  in  1857  ;  was 
graduated  from  the  Northwestern  university, 
Evanston,  111. ;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the 
bar  in  1872 ;  engaged  in  farming  and  the  prac- 
tice of  law ;  defeated  as  the  Greenback  candi- 
date for  Congress  in  1880 ;  elected  on  a  Union 
ticket  to  the  Forty-eighth  Congress  (March  4, 
1883-March  3,  1885)  ;  resumed  the  pi-actice  of 
law  in  Mendon,  Mich. ;  elected  circuit  judge. 

Yardley,  Robert  Morris,  a  Representative 
from  Pennsylvania;  born  in  Yardley,  Bucks 
county,  Pa.,  October  9,  1850;  pursued  an  acad- 
emic course;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the 
bar  in  Doylestown  in  1872,  and  practiced ; 
elected  district  attorney  in  1879;  delegate  to 
the  Republican  national  convention  of  1884 ; 
elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Fiftieth  and  Fifty- 
first  Congresses  (March  4,  1887-March  3,  1891)  ; 
died  in  Doylestown,  Pa.,  December  8,  1902. 

Yates,  Abraham,  a  Delegate  from  New 
York ;  born  in  Albany,  N.  Y.,  August  23,  1724 ; 
completed  preparatory  studies;  delegate  in  the 
Provincial  Congress  1775-1777,  and  served  as 
president  1775-1776 ;  member  of  the  committee 
of  safety,  protection,  and  correspondence  1775 : 
state  senator  1777,  and  1779-1780;  receiver  of 
Albany  1778-1779:  first  postmaster  of  Albany 
in  1783;  mayor  of  Albany  1790-1796;  Delegate 
in  the  Continental  Congress  3787-1788;  died  in 
Albany,  N.  Y.,  June  30,  1796. 

Yates,  John  Barentse,  a  Representative1  from 
New  York ;  born  in  Schenectady,  N.  Y.,  February 
1,  1784 ;  completed  preparatory  studies  and  was 
graduated  from  Union  college  in  1802 ;  studied 
law ;  served  in  the  War  of  1812  under  Gen. 
Wade  Hampton  on  the  northern  frontier,  and 
was  later  aide-de-camp  to  Governor  Tompkins; 
elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Fourteenth  Con- 
gress (March  4,  1815-March  3,  1817)  ;  aided 
materially  in  the  construction  of  the  Weiland 
canal:  judge  of  Madison  county  for  many  years; 
representative  in  the  state  assembly  in  1836 ; 
died  in  Chittenango,  N.  Y.,  July  11,  1836. 

Yates,  Peter  W.,  a  Delegate  from  New 
York ;  born  in  Albany,  N.  Y. ;  sat  in  the  Con- 
tinental Congress  1785-1787. 

Yates,  Richard,  a  Representative  and  a  Sen- 
ator from  Illinois;  born  in  Warsaw,  Ky.,  Jan- 
uary 18,  1818;  went  with  his  father  to  Spring- 
field, 111.,  in  1831;  was  graduated  from  Illinois 


college,  Jacksonville,  111.,  in  1838;  studied  law, 
was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  practiced  in  Spring- 
field, 111. ;  member  of  the  state  legislature  1842, 
1843,  1844,  1845,  1848,  and  1849;  elected  as  a 
Whig  to  the  Thirty-second  and  Thirty-third 
Congresses  (March  4,  1851-March  3,  1855)  ;  de- 
feated for  reelection;  governor  of  Illinois  1861- 
1865;  elected  as  a  Union  Republican  to  the 
United  States  Senate  and  seuved  from  March  4, 
1865,  to  March  3,  1871;  died  in  St.  Louis,  Mo., 
November  27,  1873. 

Yeaman,  George  Helm,  a  Representative 
from  Kentucky ;  born  in  Hardin  county,  Ky., 
November  1,  1829;  completed  preparatory 
studies;  studied  law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar, 
and  began  practice  in  Owensboro,  Ky.,  in  1852 ; 
judge  of  Davis  county  in  1854 ;  member  of  the 
state  house  of  representatives  in  1861;  elected 
as  a  Unionist  to  the  Thirty-seventh  Congress  to 
fill  vacancy  caused  by  the  death  of  James  S. 
Jackson;  reelected  to  the  Thirty-eighth  Con- 
gress and  served  from  December  1,  1862,  to 
March  3,  1865;  defeated  for  the  Thirty-ninth 
Congress;  minister  to  Denmark  1865-1870; 
died  in  New  York  City  February  24,  1908. 

Yeates,  Jesse  J.,  a  Representative  from 
North  Carolina ;  born  in  Hertford  county,  N.  C., 
May  29,  1829 ;  pursued  classical  studies ;  studied 
law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  practiced; 
beld  several  local  offices;  elected  a  member  of 
the  house  of  commons  of  North  Carolina  in  1860 
as  a  Whig;  served  in  the  Confederate  army; 
solicitor  of  the  first  judicial  circuit  of  North 
Carolina  1861-1866 ;  member  of  the  state  consti- 
.tutional  convention  of  1871 ;  elected  to  the  Forty- 
fourth  and  Forty-fifth  Congresses  (March  4, 
1875-March  3,  1879)  ;  successfully  contested  the 
election  of  Joseph  J.  Martin  to  the  Forty-sixth 
Congress,  and  was  seated  January  29,  1881,  and 
served  until  March  3,  1881. 

Yell,  Archibald,  a  Representative  from  Ar- 
kansas; born  in  North  Carolina  in  August, 
1797 ;  went  to  Tennessee  in  youth  and  settled 
in  Bedford  county ;  took  part  in  the  Creek  cam- 
paign; participated  in  the  War  of  1812,  and 
served  under  General  Jackson  at  the  battle  of 
New  Orleans;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  of  Ten- 
nessee and  began  practice  in  Fayettville,  Lin- 
coln county,  and  continued  until  1832 ;  declined 
the  governorship  of  the  Territory  of  Florida ; 
appointed  judge  of  the  Territory  of  Arkansas  by 
President  Jackson  in  1832 ;  located  in  Fayette- 
ville,  Ark.,  and  served  as  judge  until  1835; 
elected  as  a  Van  Buren  Democrat  to  the  Twenty- 
fourth  and  Twenty-fifth  Congresses  (December 
5,  1836-March  3,  1839)  ;  governor  of  Arkansas 
1840-1844 ;  resigned  in  1844 ;  reelected  to  the 
Twenty-ninth  Congress,  and  served  from  March 
4,  1845,  until  July  1,  1846,  when  he  resigned  to 
take  part  in  the  Mexican  war ;  commanded  a 
regiment  of  Arkansas  troops;  killed  in  the 
battle  of  Buena  Vista  February  23,  1847. 

Yoakum,  Charles  H.,  a  Representative  from 
Texas;  born  in  Lincoln  county,  Tex.,  in  1850; 
attended  Larissa  college,  Cherokee  county; 
studied  law.  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  prac- 
ticed in  1874  in  Lincoln  county,  Tex. ;  elected 
county  attorney  for  Rains  county  in  1876 ;  moved 
to  Hunt  county  in  1883  and  practiced  law  in 
Greenville;  elected  district  attorney  for  the 
eighth  judicial  district  in  1886  and  1888 ;  elected 
to  the  state  senate  in  1892  for  four  years; 


1134 


CONGBESSIONAL  DIEECTOEY. 


elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Fifty-fourth  Con- 
gress (March  4,  1895-March  3,  1897)  ;  returned 
to  Texas  and  resumed  the  practice  of  law ; 
moved  to  Los  Angeles,  Cal.,  in  1900. 

Yocum,  Sethi  Hartman,  a  Representative  from 
Pennsylvania ;  born  in  Columbia  county,  Pa., 
August  2,  1834;  was  graduated  from  Dickinson 
college.  Carlisle,  Pa.,  in  I860 ;  entered  the  Union 
army  as  a  private,  and  promoted  to  first  lieu- 
tenant ;  studied  law  and  was  admitted  to  the 
Schuylkill  county  bar  in  1866.  and  practiced  in 
Center  county;  elected  as  a  National  and  Re- 
publican to  the  Forty-sixth  Congress  (March 
4,  1879-March  3,  1881)  ;  moved  to  Johnson  City, 
Tenn.,  and  engaged  in  the  manufacture  of 
leather;  died  in  Santa  Monica,  Cal.,  March  29, 
1896. 

Yoder,  Samuel  S.,  a  Representative  from 
Ohio ;  born  in  Berlin,  Holmes  county,  Ohio, 
August  16,  1841;  attended  the  common  schools 
and  pursued  an  academic  course;  enlisted  in  the 
Union  army,  in  the  one  hundred  and  twenty- 
eighth  Ohio  infantry,  rose  to  the  rank  of  lieu- 
tenant, and  served  till  the  end  of  the  war; 
studied  medicine  and  practiced ;  elected  mayor 
of  Bluffton,  Ohio ;  moved  to  Lima,  Ohio ;  member 
of  state  Democratic  executive  committee ;  elected 
judge  of  the  probate  court  of  Allen  county,  and 
served  from  February,  1882,  till  October,  1886, 
when  he  resigned ;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the 
Fiftieth  and  Fifty-first  Congresses  (March  4, 
1887-March  3,  1891)  ;  sergeant-at-arms  of  the 
of  the  national  house  of  representatives  during 
the  Fifty-second  Congress ;  located  in  Washing- 
ton, D.  C. 

York,  Tyre,  a  Senator  from  North  Carolina; 
oorn  in  Rockford,  Surry  county,  N.  C.,  May  4, 
1836 ;  attended  the  common  schools ;  studied 
medicine;  student  of  the  Charleston  medical 
college  of  South  Carolina ;  commenced  practice 
in  Traphill,  N.  C. ;  moved  to  Wilkes  county  in 
1859;  Union  man,  and  served  during  the  latter 
part  of  the  war  as  surgeon  of  home  guards, 
and  at  the  close  of  the  war  in  1865  elected  to 
the  state  legislature;  served  for  eighteen  years 
either  in  the  house  of  representatives  or  state 
senate;  elected  as  a  Liberal  Democrat  to  the 
Forty-eighth  Congress  (March  4,  1883-March  3, 
1885)  ;  resumed  the  practice  of  medicine  in 
Traphill,  N.  C. 

Yorke,  Thomas  Jones,  a  Representative  from 
New  Jersey ;  native  of  New  Jersey ;  attended 
the  public  schools;  elected  as  a  Whig  to  the 
Twenty-fifth  Congress  (March  4,  1837-March  3, 
1839)  ;  presented  credentials  as  a  Member-elect 
to  the  Twenty-sixth  Congress,  but  was  refused 
admission ;  elected  to  the  Twenty-seventh  Con- 
gress (March  4,  1841-March  3,  1843). 

Yost,  Jacob,  a  Representative  from  Virginia ; 
born  in  Staunton,  Va.,  April  1,  1853;  received 
a  primary  schooling;  learned  the  trade  of  a 
printer ;  followed  civil  engineering ;  candidate  for 
Republican  elector  in  1880;  Republican  nominee 
for  Congress  in  1884 ;  elected  mayor  of  the  city 
of  Staunton  in  May,  1886;  elected  as  a  Re- 
publican to  the  Fiftieth  Congress  (March  4, 
1887-March  3,  1889)  ;  reelected  to  the  Fifty-fifth 
Congress  (March  4,  1897-March  3,  1899). 

Yost,  Jacob  Senewell,  a  Representative  from 
Pennsylvania ;  born  in  Pottsgrove  township, 
Montgomery  county,  Pa.,  July  29, 1801 ;  publisher 


and  editor  of  the  Lafayette  Aurora ;  member  of 
the  state  assembly  1836-1838;  elected  to  the 
Twenty-eighth  and  Twenty-ninth  Congresses 
(March  4,  1843-March  3,  1847)  ;  appointed 
United  States  marshal  for  the  eastern  district 
of  Pennsylvania  1857-1861;  died  in  Pottstown, 
Pa.,  March  7,  1872. 

Youmans,  Henry  Melville,  a  Representative 
from  Michigan ;  born  in  Otego,  Otsego  county, 
N.  Y.,  May  15,  1832;  attended  the  common 
schools;  in  the  employ  of  the  York  and  Erie 
railroad  company,  Susquehanna  division,  for  ten 
years;  moved  to  East  Saginaw,  Mich.,  in  1862; 
engaged  in  the  manufacture  of  lumber  and  salt ; 
mayor  of  East  Saginaw  1886-1887;  held  all  the 
positions  of  honor  under  the  municipal  govern- 
ment of  East  Saginaw;  elected  as  a  Democrat 
to  the  Fifty-second  Congress  (March  4,  1891- 
March  3,  1893) ;  served  in  the  state  senate 
1897-1898. 

Young,  Augustus,  a  Representative  from  Ver- 
mont; born  in  Arlington,  Vc.,  March  20,  1785; 
completed  preparatory  studies;  studied  law,  was 
admitted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced  practice  in 
Stowe,  Vt. ;  removed  to  Craftsbury,  Vt.,  in  1812 ; 
member  of  the  state  house  of  representatives 
for  twelve  sessions  and  of  the  state  senate  for 
three  terms;  state  attorney  for  Orleans  county 
and  judge  of  probate ;  elected  as  a  Whig  to  the 
Twenty-seventh  Congress  (March  4,  1841-March 
3,  1843);  declined  a  reelection;  resumed  prac- 
tice; moved  to  St.  Albaus  in  1847;  judge  of  the 
county  court  for  several  years;  died  in  St.  Al- 
bans,  Vt.,  June  17,  1857. 

Young,  Bryan  B.,  a  Representative  from  Ken- 
tucky; a  native  of  Kentucky;  elected  to  the 
Twenty-ninth  Congress  (March  4,  1845-March 
3,  1847). 

Young,  Casey,  a  Representative  from  Ten- 
nessee ;  born  in  Madison  county,  Tenn. ;  a  lawyer 
by  profession;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the 
Forty-fourth,  Forty-fifth,  and  Forty-sixth  Con- 
gresses (March  4,  1875-March  3.  1881)  ;  re- 
elected  to  the  Forty-eighth  Congress  (March  4, 
1883-March  3,  1885)  ;  died  in  1898. 

Young,  Ebenezer,  a  Representative  from  Con- 
necticut ;  born  in  Killingly,  Conn.,  December  25, 
1783 ;  was  graduated  from  Yale  college  in  1806  ; 
member  of  the  state  senate  1823-1825;  member 
of  the  state  house  of  representatives  1826-1828 ; 
chosen  speaker;  elected  to  the  Twenty-first, 
Twenty-second,  and  Twenty-third  Congresses 
(March  4,  1829-March  3,  1835)  ;  died  in  West 
Killingly,  Conn.,  August  18,  1851. 

Young,  H.  Olin,  a  Representative  from 
Michigan;  born  in  New  Albion,  Cattaraugus 
county,  N.  Y.,  August  4,  1850;  received  an 
academic  training;  studied  law,  was  admitted 
to  the  bar,  and  practiced  in  Ishpeming,  Mich. ; 
member  of  the  state  legislature  in  1879;  prose- 
cuting attorney  of  Marquette  county,  1886-1896 ; 
elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Fifty-eighth, 
Fifty-ninth,  Sixtieth,  and  Sixty-first  Congresses 
(March  4,  1903-March  3,  1911).  Reelected  to 
the  Sixty-second,  Congress. 

Young,  James  Bankin,  a  Representative 
from  Pennsylvania ;  born  in  Philadelphia,  Pa., 
March  10,  1847 ;  attended  the  public  schools ;  en- 
listed in  the  Union  army  in  June,  1863,  in  the 
thirty-second  Pennsylvania  infantry,  and  served 


BIOGRAPHIES. 


1135 


during  the  Gettysburg  campaign;  served  as 
chief  of  the  Washington  bureau  of  the  New 
York  Tribune  from  June,  1866,  to  December, 
1870;  chief  executive  clerk  of  the  United  States 
Senate  from  December,  1873,  to  March,  1879; 
chief  clerk  of  the  Department  of  Justice  from 
September,  1882,  to  December,  1883;  again  chief 
executive  clerk  of  the  United  States  Senate  from 
December,  1883,  to  April,  1892;  one  of  the 
founders  of  the  Philadelphia  Evening  Star  in 
1866;  elected  as  a  Republican  to  the  Fifty-fifth, 
Fifty  -  sixth,  and  Fifty  -  seventh  Congresses 
(March  4,  1897-March  3,  1903). 

Young,  John,  a  Representative  from  New 
York;  born  in  Chelsea,  Vt.,  June  12,  1802; 
moved  to  New  York  state  in  1806  and  located 
in  Conesus,  Livingston  county,  where  he  at- 
tended the  public  schools,  studied  law,  was  ad- 
mitted to  the  bar  in  1829,  and  began  practice  in 
Geneseo,  N.  Y. ;  member  of  the  state  house  of  rep- 
resentatives in  1833,  1844,  and  1845;  elected  as 
a  Whig  to  the  Twenty-fourth  Congress  to  fill 
vacancy  caused  by  the  resignation  of  Philo 
C.  Fuller  and  served  from  December  6,  1836,  to 
March  3,  1837;  declined  a  reelection;  reelected 
to  the  Twenty-seventh  Congress  (March  4, 1841- 
March  3,  1843)  ;  governor  of  New  York  1847- 
1849 ;  delegate  in  the  Whig  national  convention 
of  1848 ;  assistant  treasurer  of  the  United  States 
at  New  York;  died  in  New  York  City  April  23, 
1852. 

Young1,  John  D.,  a  Representative  from  Ken- 
tucky ;  born  in  Bath  county,  Ky.,  September  22, 
1823 ;  received  a  limited  schooling ;  studied  law, 
was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  practiced  in  Bath 
county ;  also  engaged  iu  farming ;  elected  judge 
of  Bath  quarterly  court  in  1858;  presented 
credentials  as  Member-elect,  but  was  not  per- 
mitted to  qualify,  and  Samuel  McKee,  contestant, 
was  seated  June  22,  1868;  elected  as  a  Demo- 
crat to  the  Forty-first  Congress  ( March  4, 1868- 
March  3,  1871). 

Young,  John  S.,  a  Representative  from  Louis- 
iana ;  born  in  Wake  county,  N.  C.,  November  4, 
1834 ;  moved  with  his  father  to  Fayette  county, 
Tenn.,  in  1836,  and  to  Columbia  county,  Ark., 
in  1848;  was  graduated  from  Centenary  college 
Louisiana,  in  July,  1855;  located  in  Homer, 
Claiborne  parish,  La.,  in  September,  1855 ;  stud- 
ied law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  practiced 
in  Homer;  enlisted  in  the  Confederate  army  as 
a  private  May  3,  1861,  and  was  successively 
promoted  until  he  attained  the  rank  of  lieuten- 
ant colonel;  returned  to  Homer  at  the  close  of 
the  war,  and  resumed  the  practice  of  law;  dis- 
trict judge;  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Fifty- 
fourth  Congress,  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  the 
death  of  John  E.  Leonard,  and  served  from 
December  2,  1878,  to  March  3,  1879;  resumed 
the  practice  of  law  in  Homer,  La. 

Young,  Lafayette,  a  Senator  from  Iowa; 
born  near  Albia,  Iowa,  May  30,  1848;  became  a 
printer  and  engaged  in  the  newspaper  business ; 
founded  and  published  the  Atlantic,  Iowa,  Tele- 
graph, which  he  published  nineteen  years;  es- 
tablished the  Des  Moines  Capital,  March  30, 
1890;  a  state  senator  for  twelve  years;  was 
with  General  Shafter's  expedition  in  Cuba  as  a 
war  correspondent  in  1898;  delegate  in  the  Re- 
publican national  conventions  of  1900  nnd  1908; 
elector  at  large  1908;  appointed  to  the  United 


States  Senate  to  fill  vacancy  caused  by  the  death 
of  Jonathan  P.  Dolliver,  and  served  from  No- 
vember 12,  1910,  to  April  11,  1911 ;  unsuccessful 
candidate  to  the  United  States  Senate,  to  fill 
vacancy  caused  by  the  death  of  Jonathan  P. 
Dolliver ;  resumed  editorial  work  in  Des  Moines, 
Iowa. 

Young,  Pierce  Mason  Butler,  a  Represen- 
tative from  Georgia ;  born  in  Spartanburg,  S.  C., 
November  15,  1839;  studied  law;  student  in  the 
West  Point  military  academy,  and  resigned  two 
months  before  gradur.ting  to  enter  the  Confed- 
erate army  as  second  lieutenant ;  surrendered  in 
1865  as  a  major-general;  returned  to  Georgia 
and  elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Fortieth  and 
Forty-first  Congresses  (March  4,  1867-March  3, 
1869)  ;  reelected  to  the  Forty-third  Congress 
(March  4,  1873-March  3,  1875)  ;  died  in  New 
York  City,  July  6.  1896. 

Young,  Richard,  a  Representative  from  New 
York;  born  in  Ireland,  August  6.  1846;  came 
with  his  parents  to  Philadelphia,  Pa.,  in  1851; 
attended  the  public  schools  and  was  graduated 
from  a  commercial  college ;  went  to  New  York 
City  to  engage  in  the  leather  trade ;  school  com- 
missioner 7  years ;  park  commissioner  for  the 
boroughs  of  Brooklyn  and  Queens  under  Mayor 
Low;  interested  in  numerous  corporations  and 
business  interprises ;  elected  as  a  Republican  to 
the  Sixty-first  Congress  (March  4,  1909-March 
3,  1911 ) . 

Young,  Richard  Montgomery,  a  Senator  from 
Illinois;  born  in  Fayette  county,  Ky.,  February 
20,  1798;  moved  to  Illinois  and  was  one  of  the 
first  settlers  in  Quincy ;  studied  law,  was  ad- 
mitted to  the  bar  September  28,  1817 ;  member 
of  the  state  legislature  1820-1822;  judge  of 
the  third  judicial  circuit  of  Illinois  1829-1836; 
a  Presidential  elector  on  the  Jackson  and 
Calhoun  ticket  in  1829;  elected  as  a  Demo- 
crat to  the  United  States  Senate,  and  served 
from  March  4,  1837,  to  March  3,  1843 ;  associate 
justice  supreme  court  of  Illinois  1843-1847: 
commissioner  of  general  land  office  1847-1850 ; 
clerk  of  the  House  of  Representatives  in  the 
Thirty-first  Congress ;  died  in  Washington,  D.  C., 
November  28,  1861. 

Young,  Thomas  Lowry,  a  Representative 
from  Ohio ;  born  in  Killyleagh,  county  Down, 
Ireland,  December  14,  1832 ;  came  to  the  United 
si. -itcs  in  1847;  studied  law,  was  graduated 
from  the  Cincinnati  law  school ;  was  an  in- 
structor in  the  state  reform  school ;  served  in 
the  Mexican  and  Civil  wars;  private,  corporal, 
sergeant,  and  first  sergeant  company  A,  third 
artillery,  March  25,  1848-January  28,  1858 ;  cap- 
tain of  Benton  cadets,  Missouri  volunteers,  Sep- 
tember 6,  1861;  resigned  December  10,  1861; 
reconimissioned  major  of  the  one  hundred  and 
eighteenth  Ohio  infantry  September  17,  1862 ; 
lieutenant-colonel  April  17,  1863;  colonel  April 
11,  1864 ;  brevet  brigadier-general  of  volunteers 
March  13,  1865,  "  for  gallant  and  meritorious 
services  in  the  battle  of  Resaca,  Ga. ;  resigned 
September  14,  1864 ;  admitted  to  the  bar  in 
1865;  appointed  assistant  city  auditor  of  Cin- 
cinnati ;  member  of  the  state  house  of  repre- 
sentatives for  two  years;  elected  recorder  of 
Hamilton  county  in  1867;  appointed  supervisor 
of  internal  revenue  in  1868;  delegate  in  the  Re- 
publican national  convention  in  Chicago  in  1868 ; 
state  senator  in  1871 ;  lieutenant-governor  .in 


1136 


CONGRESSIONAL   DIRECTORY. 


1875 ;  governor  of  Ohio  in  1877 ;  elected  as  a  Re 
publican  to  the  Forty-sixth  and  Forty-seventh 
Congresses  (March  4,  1879-March  3,  1883)  ;  died 
in  Cincinnati,  Ohio,  July  20,  1888. 

Young,  Timothy  Roberts,  a  Representative 
from  Illinois;  born  in  Dover,  N.  H.,  November 
19,  1811 ;  completed  preparatory  studies  in  Phil- 
lips academy,  Exeter,  N.  H.,  and  was  graduated 
from  Bowdoin  college  in  1835;  studied  law  in 
Dover,  N.  H.,  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar; 
moved  to  Marshall,  111.,  in  the  spring  of  1838 
and  practiced  law  for  ten  years;  elected  as  a 
Democrat  to  the  Thirty-first  Congress  (March  4, 
1849-March  3,  1851)  ;  engaged  in  agricultural 
pursuits  near  Casey,  111. ;  was  also  engaged  in 
trade  in  Mattoon,  111.,  for  a  time;  died  at  Oil- 
field, near  Casey,  111.,  May  12,  1898. 

Young,  William  A.,  a  Representative  from 
Virginia;  born  in  Virginia,  May  17,  1860;  at- 
tended the  schools  of  Norfolk,  and  began  the 
study  of  law  ;  entered  mercantile  pursuits ;  clerk 
of  the  circuit  and  corporation  courts  of  the  city 
of  Norfolk ;  delegate  in  the  national  Democratic 
convention  in  Chicago  in  1892 ;  presented  cre- 
dentials as  Member-elect  to  the  Fifty-fifth  Con- 
gress, and  served  from  March  4,  1897,  to  April 
26,  1898,  when  he  was  succeeded  by  Richard  A. 
Wise,  who  contested  his  election ;  again  pre- 
sented credentials  as  a  Member-elect  to  the 
Fifty-sixth  Congress,  and  served  from  March  4, 
1899,  to  March  12,  1900,  when  he  was  again  suc- 
ceeded by  Richard  A.  Wise,  who  contested  his 
election. 

Young,  William  S.,  a  Representative  from 
Kentucky ;  a  native-  of  Nelson  county,  Ky. ; 
elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Nineteenth  Con- 
gress (March  4,  1825-March  3,  1827). 

Yulee,  David  Levy.     ( See  David  Levy. ) 

Zenor,  William  Taylor,  a  Representative  from 
Indiana ;  born  near  Corydon,  Harrison  county, 
Ind.,  April  30,  1846;  attended  the  common 
schools  and  the  seminary  of  James  G.  May ; 
commenced  the  study  of  law  in  New  Albany ; 
was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  engaged  in  practice 
in  1870  in  Corydon ;  moved  to  Leavenworth, 
Crawford  county,  Ind.,  in  1871 ;  appointed  prose- 


cuting attorney  and  twice  elected  to  the  office; 
judge  of  the  third  circuit  in  1884,  and  reelected ; 
elected  as  a  Democrat  to  the  Fifty-fifth,  Fifty- 
sixth,  Fifty-seventh,  Fifty-eighth,  and  Fifty- 
ninth  Congresses  (March  4,  1897-March  3,  1907). 

Ziegler,  Edward  Danner,  a  Representative 
from  Pennsylvania ;  born  in  Bedford,  Bedford 
county,  Pa.,  March  3,  1844;  attended  the  Penn- 
sylvania college,  Gettysburg,  and  was  gradu- 
ated in  1865;  after  teaching  in  the  York 
county  academy,  was  admitted  to  the  York 
county  bar  November  4,  1868;  elected  com- 
missioner's clerk  in  1871 ;  district  attorney  of 
York  county,  and  served  three  years ;  elected  as 
a  Democrat  to  the  Fifty-sixth  Congress  (March 
4,  1899-March  3,  1901 )  ;  resumed  the  practice  of 
law  in  York,  Pa. 

Zollicoffer,  Felix  Kirk,  a  Representative  from 
Tennessee ;  born  in  Maury  county,  Tenn.,  May  19, 
1812;  received  a  limited  schooling;  became  a 
printer;  engaged  in  newspaper  work  in  Paris 
and  Knoxville,  Tenn.,  and  Huntsville.  Ala.; 
elected  state  printer  in  Tennessee  in  1835 ;  comp- 
troller of  the  state  treasury  1845-1849 ;  state 
senator  in  1849-1852;  elected  as  a  State  Rights 
Whig  to  the  Thirty-third,  Thirty-fourth,  and 
Thirty-fifth  Congresses  (March  4,  1853-March  3, 
1859)  ;  delegate  to  the  peace  convention  of  1861; 
served  in  the  Confederate  army;  died  from 
wounds  received  near  Mill  Springs,  Ky.,  Jan- 
uary 19,  1862. 

Zubly,  John  Joachim,  a  Delegate  from 
Georgia ;  born  in  St.  Gall,  Switzerland,  August 
27, 1724 ;  emigrated  to  Georgia  ;  ordained  a  pastor 
of  the  first  Presbyterian  church  in  Savannah  in 
1760;  prominent  revolutionist;  member  of  the 
provincial  congress  of  Georgia ;  Delegate  in  the 
Continental  Congress  1775-1777,  and  opposed  the 
Declaration  of  Independence;  denounced  as  a 
traitor  by  Judge  Samuel  Chase,  and  resigned ; 
returned  to  Georgia  and  was  accused  of  having 
furnished  information  to  Sir  James  Wright,  the 
royal  governor,  and  narrowly  escaped  severe 
punishment ;  was  banished  from  the  state  and 
one-half  of  his  property  was  confiscated ;  re- 
turned and  resumed  pastoral  charge  in  Sa- 
vannah ;  died  in  Savannah,  Ga.,  July  23,  1781. 


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